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T
TUB
EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS
OF THB
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
FOR TBB
FIRST SESSION OF THE FIFTY-FIRST CONGRESS.
1889-'90.
I 1^1
WASHINGTOIT :
GOVEBNJiBNT PBINTING OFFICE.
1890.
INDEX TO EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS OF HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES.
CONTENTS OP THE VOLUMEa
▼oi 1.
Vol. 8.
▼oL 4.
VoL 5.
VoL e.
V©i 7.
▼oL 8.
VoL 9.
Vol. 10.
VoL 11.
VoL la.
VoL 13.
VoL It..
VoL 15..
voLie
VoL 17.
VoL 18
VoL 19
VoL 20
VoL 21.
TORBIGK SELATIONS: Kal,pt.l.
WAS : No. 1, pt. 2, ▼. L
XxaixKBHS: Ka 1, pi. 2, ▼. 2, pt. 1.
ShoikbrRS: Ko. ],pt2,T.2, pt.2.
ExuiN'ERKS: Ko. 1, pt. a, V. 2, pt. 3.
KSQim KBB8 : Ko. I , pt 2, T. 2, pt 4.
Obdnajicb: No. l,pt. 2, V. 3, and
SlOHAL: Ko.1, pu2,v. 4, pt«. 1
and 2.
.NAVY: No.l.pt3,v.l.
Ko. l.pt.3,T.2.
.POSTHASTElU>£K£RAL: Ka 1, pt. 4.
INTXK10& : Ko. 1, pt 5, ▼. 1.
Ko. 1, pt. 5, T. 2.
Ko. 1, Dt. 6, T, 3.
GEOLOGICAL SUR.
VEY: Ko.l,pt6,v.4.
EDUCATION : Ko. 1, pt.
5 ▼. 5
.DISTRICT OF COLOMBIA : Ko. 1, pt «.
.AGRICULTURE: Ko.l,pt7.
. Kos. 1, pt. 8, aod Kos. 4 and 7.
.Ko.a, FIKANCE REPORT.
Ko. 8, parts 1 and 2. (Jui rency Report.
.Koa. 6, 174, and 394, £«timate«.
VoL 22.
VoL 23.
VoL 24.
VoL 25.
VoL 28.
VoL 27.
VoL 28
VoL 29.
VoL 30.
VoL 31.
V.L32.
VoL 33.
VoL 34.
VoL 35.
VoL 36.
VoL 37
VoL 38.
VoL 39
VoL 40.
VoL 41.
VoL 42
VoL 43.
VoL 44.
.Ko. 8, part 1, Commeroo and Kavlgatioii.
.Ko.O, part 2, IntemiU Comineioo.
.Kos. 8 to 39, iDcluaive, except Ko. 14.
. Ko. 14, ToBtA of Iron and SteeL
.Kos. 40 to 105, inclusire, except Ko. 65.
. No. 55, (JoRSt Survt-y, 1889.
Kos. 106 to 140, indiisive, except Ko. 113.
.Ko. 113, Contnictii tur Carrying tho Mails.
.Ko. 113, pt 2, Finf'H and Deductions.
.Kos. 141 to 212, iuclii»tive, except Ko. 174.
.Kos. 213 to 263, inclusive.
.No. 264. parts 1 and 2.
.Kos. 20>'> to 204, inclusive.
.Nos. 205 to 391, incluMivo, except Ko. 336.
.No. 336. Ri-p<irt ('omniissionfr of Labor.
Koa. 392 to 470, inclusive, except Kos. 394,
410, 436, and 437.
Ko. 410, part 1
Ko. 410, part 2
-Ko. 410, part 3
Ko. 410, part 4
.Ko.410, pt
.No 4:i«, T
Paris Exposition.
)art 5
Treasurer's Accounts, 1889.
.Ko. 437, Commercial Relations, 1887-'8&
INDEX TO THE DOCUMENTS.
Sabject.
A^ealtiiTe, Seoretarv of, commnnioations from :
Annnal Report of, for 1889 [Part 7]
North Ifakota Experiment Station, in reference to an appropriation
for
Silk culture, report npon the operations of the Women's Silk Cul-
ture Association
Statement of expenditnrea of Agricnltnral Department for year
ended June 30
Agricnltnral Experiment Station :
Letter from the Secretary of Agricnltnre in reference to an appro-
priation for the North Dakota
Alaska :
Estimate from Secretary of the Interior of an appropriation for the
purchase and maintenance of a steam vessel for use of the civil
anthorities of
Appropriation to repair Government building at Sitka
Estimate from the Secretary of the Navy of an appropriation for
tha ervotion of marine barracks at Sitka ,
423
93
146
28^1
103
UI
Vol.
1
17
423
37
no
28
104
26
37
26
31
34
2G
I
IV
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Subject
Alaska — Con tinned.
Estiraate of Secretary of the Treasury for the mainteuanoe of the
rofnge statiou at Point Barrow
Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury rocominendin^ an ap-
gropriation for the establishmont of a light and fog-signal at
t. Mary's Island
Compulsory school attendance in
Increase in estimate of Secretary of Interior 'for the education of
children in, for 1H91..., *
Alien contract labor law, number of suits under ,
Alleni J. B., amended estimate from Attorney-General to compensate.,
Alloway Creek, New Jersey, reports upon survey of ,
American cemetery, Acapulco, Mexico, communication from Secretary
of State, reqestiug an appropriation for the improvement of the.
Angel Island Quarantine Station, California, increased estimate of
Secretary of the Treasury of appropriation for the
Ante bellnm mail service, etc.^ letter from Secretary of the Treasury
transmitting certain claims for, and of the Pere Marquette Rail-
road Company and Pacific Mail Steamship Company ,
Appoquinimink Creek, Delaware, report of survey of ^.
Appropriations *
Estimate of Secretary of Treasury for service of fiscal year ending
June 30, ld9l ,
Military Academy, estimate from the Secretary of War of, for the..
Estimates of Secretary of the Treasury of deficiencies for year 1^0
and prior years ,
Army ."
Letter from Secretary of the Treasury concerning bill (H. B. 3823)
to repeal laws relating to permanent and indefinite
Letter from the Commissioner of Pensions, asking an appropriation
for thirty medical examiners
Snpplementai estimates of, required for the various Departments
for fiscal year ending J nue 30, 1890, and prior years
Indian appropristion Dili *
Letter from the Secretary of Agriculture in reference to an appropri-
ation for the North Dakota experiment station ,
Arizona, laws of fifteenth legislative assembly ,
Arkansas and Mississippi, undelivered land patents in ,
Army:
Appropriations for the support of the
Estimate from the Secretary of War of a deficiency in the appropri-
ation for pay of the ,
Estimate or Secretary of War of deficiency In appropriation for pay,
etc., of the
Petitions for increase in pay of noncommissioned officers of the staff
Petitions of veteran privates of the, for a reduction in the limit of
thirty years for retirement
Relative to regular supplies, Quartermaster's Department
Reports of purchases of su pplies for use of the, for 1889
Relative to lineal promotions in the ,
Petitions to reorganize the band of the United States Military Acad-
emy
Report relative to purchasing instruments for heavy artillery prac-
tice ,
Estimate of Secretary of War of a deficiency in the appropriation
for pay, etc., of the
Transmitting letter relating to mileage of officers of the
Army Gon Factory, increased estimate from Secretary of War for
machinery and plant at the 1
249
214
Vol.
32
259
321
32
35
303
206
391
60
35
31
35
26
317
35
154
31
418
19
37
24
5
159
21
31
174
262
' 21
32
274
34
329
35
394
405
21
37
423
]09
416
37
28
37
262
32
236
32
430
ri70
245
324
277
,295
37
31
32
35
34
35
319
292
256
5 326
\i2i
35
34
32
35
37
446
37
73
26
348
399
35
37
S3
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Sabject
AmoQX, W. H., reqnest of Secretary of the Navy for an appropriation
for compensating for services as counsel
Arrears of pay and bonnty for volunteers, estimate of the Secretary of
the Treasury of appropriation for •
Arsenals, letter from Secretary of War relatinir to estimates of appro-
priations for the, at Indianapolis, Ind., and at West Troy, ^. Y..
Arti6cial limbs, eKtimate of the Secretary of War of deficiency in the
appropriation for
Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company, estimate from the Secretary of
the Interior for survey of the land grant to the
Attorney-General, communications from :
Annual Report of
Contract labor law, number of suits under
Courts of the United States, estimates of expenses of
Claims for witness fees. Department of Justice
District of Columbia, number of persons arrested for murder,
manslaughter, etc., in the
Oklahoma Territory, compensation of marshals for services in
Sitka, Alaska, appropriation to repair Government building at^...
Sionx City, Iowa, ofiBce for district clerk at
Texas, employment of counsel, etc., in the prosecution of suit relat-
ing to Greer County
Tnthill, Richard H., claim of
United States, judgment in cases against the
Aquia Creek, Virginia, report of survey of
Barge Office at New York, letter from the Secretary of the Treasury,
requesting that the sum of |20,000 be appropriated to cover the
cost of repairs on the
Beaufort River, North Carolina, report upon survey of
Beet-sugar t^xes, letter from the Acting Secretary of State relative to
tarifl's of Austria-Hungary, Germany, and France on, and ex-
port bounties ,
Belfast Harbor, Maine, reports upon survey of
Beverly Harbor, Massachusetts, report upon survey of. .^ ,
Big Black River, Mississippi, improvement of
Bishop &, Co., communication from Secretary of State in relation to an
appjopriation to pay the claim of
Blinn, Richard F., claim of
Board of Pension Appeals, letter from the Secretary of Interior relative
to an increase in the number of members of the I.
Boeing, William, for the relief of
Bradford, Commander Royal B., estimate of Secretary of the Interior
of an appropriation to compensate
Breadstufiis and provisions, message relating to importations of
Brown's Creek, New York, report upon survey of
Buildings for garrison purposes, estimate from Secretary of War of
appropriation for
Bureau of Engraving and Printing :
Estimates of appropriations for additional buildings for use of the
Bequest of the Chief of the, for an mlditional appropriation for
compensation of employ <Ss on account of overtime work
Bureau of Pensions, transfer of, to the War Department \
Bureau of Statistics :
Twelfth namber of Statistical Abstract, prepared by the
Request of Secretary of the Treasnry for a provision in legislative
appropriation bill for employment of a special statistical clerk
in the
Burial lots for Fort Porter, estimate from Secretary of War of an appro-
priation for the purchase of, in Forest Lawn Cemetery, New York
Byrne, Edward, relative to reinstatement of, as captain of cavalry
VoL
I
314
116
193
228
250
7
206
362
192
266
421
146
288
411
404
434
337
136
13
163
47
233
35
28
31
32
32
18
31
35
31
34
37
31
34
37
37
37
35
28
350
42
35
26
191
81
27
216
31
26
24
82
231
130
32
28
141
133
31
28
244
31)2
22
32
37
24
162
31
235
32
304
296
800
35
35
35
24
31
26
32
VI
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Snbject.
C.
Cadet Hospital, West Point, letter from Secretary of the Treasury trans-
mitting au estimate from^ Secretary of War of appropriation to
change the plumbing in the
Cape Charles City, Va., report upon survey of harbor of
Carlisle^ Pa. :
Estimate of Secretary of Interior for buildings, etc., for Indian
school at
Caswell, T. T., reqijest of Secretary of the Navy for authority of Congress
to relieve Pay Inspector, U. S. Navy, of oheckage against his
account
Cedar Bayou, Texas, reports upon survey of bar at mouth of
Cemeteries, Acapuico, Mexico, communication from the Secretary of
State requesting an appropriation for improvement of the Ameri-
can cemetery at
Chapin, E. E., letter from Attorney-General submitting the claim of, as
assistant attorney, eastern and western distrioto, Wisconsin, for
appropriaiion
Charg^ d'affaires ad inletim, letter from Secretary of State relative to a
deficiency appropriation for salaries of
Cherokee Indians, aupropriation to negotiate with the
Chesapeake Bay, riglit ot way of vessels in channelin and from, to Bal-
timore
Chester River, Maryland, reports upon survey of
Chickahominy River, Virginia, reports upon survey of
Chickamauga Battlefield, estimate from Secretary of War for an appro-
priation of $3,000 for maps of
Chief clerk General Land Office, letter from Secretary of Interior recom-
mending an increase in the salary of the
Chief of Engineers :
Annual Report of, Part 1, vol. 2
Part 2, vol. 2
Part 3, vol. 2
Part 4, vol. 2
Part 2].
Part 2].
'Part 2].
"Part 2].
Chief of Ordnance, Annual Report of [Part 2]
Chincoteagne Inlet, Virginia, report on improvement of
Chippewa Indians in Minnesota, for the relief and civilization of the...
Cigars, recommendation of Commissioner of Internal Revenue of certain
amendments to existing laws taxing manufacturers of
Civilian engineers, statement of, for 1«*?89
Civil officers, letter from the Secretary of the Treasury transmittiuff
draft of a bill '* To limit and define the term of all of the United
States, appointed for a fixed term ''
Civil Service Commission :
Sixth report of the United States [Part 8].
Supplemental estimate of the, for salaries, etc., in the office of the..
Claims :
List of, allowed nnder act of July 4, 1864, since Jaunary 17, 1889 ..
Schedule of, allowed by the accounting officers of the Treasury nnder
appropriations balances of which have been exhausted or carried
to the surplus fund
List of all, allowed by accounting officers of the Treasury, enu-
merated in HonseEx. Docs. Nos. 55and 153, Forty-eighth Congress,
second session
Relating to an appropriation to pay the, of the Seneca Indiana ....
Of certain States on account of ^'refunding to States expenses in-
curred in raising volunteers"
Clerical iTorce for Second Auditor's Office, letter from Second Auditor
recommending an appropriation for ten additional clerks .,
Clerical force, applications from Third and Fourth Auditors for increased.
Coast and Geodetic Survey :
Estimate of deficiencies in the appropriations for service of the, for
fiscal year 1890
Annual Report for 1889
Statement of expenditures on account of the, for fiscal year ended
June 30, 1«89
349
29
221
232
84
317
441
225
400
3:39
65
41
175
442
142
363
118
335
1
301
126
144
314
340
413
433
440
46
55
90
Vol.
35
24
32
32
28
35
37
32
37
35
26
26
31
37
31
3
4
5
6
7
207
31
247
32
35
28
35
18
35
28
31
35
35
37
37
37
26
27
26
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS,
VU
Subject.
Coast aod Geodetic Snrvey — Continued.
Letter from Secretary of the Treasury, recommending the purchase
of an additional bnildiui; for use of the
Coast and Geodetic Snrvey si earner Gedney, estimate of Secretary of the
Treasury for repairs of the
Coaster's Harbor IbtJind, reports upon survey of
Cocheco River, New Hampshire, reports upon snrvey of, from Dover to
its mouth
Columbia River:
Report n\H)n obRtrnctions in the
Improvement of
Columbia River, light-ship Ore<70ff, estimate* of additiooul appropria-
tion of $10,000 to complete the
Commerce and Navigation:
Report of Chief of Bureau of Statistics on foreign commerce
Re|»ort ofChief of Bureau of StatiBticson internal commerce. [Pt. 2].
Commercial relations, annual reports from Uuited States conuuls on
commerce, etc .'
Commissioner of Education, Annual Report of, for year 1890 (vol. 5) ...
Commissioners of the District of Columbia, Anunal Report of the, for
18d9 [PartfiJ.
Commianionrr of Indian Affairs, Annual Report (vol. 2) [Part 5J
Cotrmissioner of luterual Revenue, Report of, for 1H89
Commissioner of Labor, Fifth Annual Report of the
Commissioner of Patents, Annual Report (vol.3) [Part 5]
Comptroller of the Currency, Annual Ri-port of
Consular officers, letter from Secretary of State in re1ati(»n to the neces-
sity fftr an immediate appropriation for salaries of
Contract labor laws :
Lett«'r from the collector of the port of New York in response to
resolution of inquiry of the House, relative to the action of the
Cnnard Steainship Company refusing return passage to certain
emigrants landed in violation of the
Number of suits under
Contracts for cairying the mails
Co<isa River, Alabama, report of survey of
Corth, H., deceased, estate of
Court of Claims:
List of judgments rendered by the
Additional list of judgments rend<^red by the...
Request of Comniibsioners of District of Columbia for appropriation
to pay judgment rendered by the, in favor of Daniel Donovan. . ..
Coortsofthe United States:
Estimate of S«cretar^ of the Interior for deficiency in the appropria-
tions for dlstribntion of the reports of the Uuited States Supreihe
Court. .-
Estimate of deficiency in appropriations for fees of witnesses in the,
submitted by th Attoniey-Oeueral
Letter from the Attorney- General relating to deficiencies in appro-
Jiriations for Department of Justice
ditional estimates of Attorney-General of certain deficiencies to
defray expenses of the
Statement of the Attorney-General of expenses of the, for years
lbf8, IrSi^, and IdUO
Consolidated and revised statement of deficiencies to del'ray ex-
penses of the, to take the place of previous estimates
Revised estimates for expenses of the, for year 1891
Est imates of deficiencies on account of expenses of
Estimates of appropriations to defray expenses of the, for 18U0 and
previous vears
Estimate of expenses of .,
Estimates of deficiencies for expenses of the
Estimates of Attorney-General of appropriations for expenses of....
Crane and Waters Rivers of Essex Branch, Massachusetts, report upon
survey of ^
163
171
31
63
26
74
26
tS4
26
101
26
237
32
6
22
6
23
437
44
1
15
1
16
1
12
4
18
336
34
1
13
3
20
387
432
VoL
31
35
420
S7
206
31
113
29
94
26
246
32
181
31
427
37
37
179
31
223
32
224
32
332
35
338
35
368
401
414
36
37
37
452
362
4fJ7
121
37
35
37
28
24
vin
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECHTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Subject.
Caatoms collection district, Laredo, Tex., letter from the Secretary of
the Treasury recomvuendiug the establishment of the, in lien
of Corpus Christ! ;
Customs duties, statement of refunds pf, for fiscal year ended June 30,
1889
Cnstoms officers, abstract of the official emoluments of
Customs revenue :
Recommendation of Secretary of the Treasury that the annual ap-
propriation for expenses of collecting the, be increased
Estimate of expenses of collecting the, for fiscal year ending June
30, 1891
Customs Service :
Letter from Secretary of the Treannry transmitting report of all
payments made to informers and seizing officers in the
Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury recomm coding that the
compeosation of the supervising special agent of the, be restored
to $10 per day
Cypress Bayou, Louisiana, report upon improvement of....
Dakota, purchase of stock cattle for Pouca Indians m
Dallas, Tex., veto of bill for addition tx) pnblic bnilding at
Damages to certain vessels, estimates from Secretary of the Navy
to reimburse the owners of schooner Billie S, Derby and barges
Benefactor and Mayflower, for damages by collision with U. S.
steamer Janiata
Dayton, Ohio, estimate of Secretary of the Treasury of appropriation
to improve the sewerage system at the Central Branch of the
Soldiers Home at
Department of Agriculture, statement of expenditures of the, for fiscal
year ended June 30, 1889
Department of the Interior :
Accountsof disbursing officers of the
Expenditure of contingent fund
Department of Justice:
Claims for witness fees, middle district of Tennessee
Communication from Attorney-General recommending the pay-
ment of certain bills on tile in the
Estimate from the Attorney-General of deficiency in the appro-
priation for printing and bi ding the
Department of Labor :
Increased estimate from the Commissioner of labor for the rent of
rooms for use of the
Department of State :
Estimate of Secretary of State of an additional appropriation foi
binding manuscript papers belonging to the
Estimate of Secretary of State of deficiency for printing and bind-
ing for the
Contingent expenses of
Detroit liiver :
Approximate cost of tnnneling
Report upon survey of, at Grosse Point, Mich
Diokerman. A. T., claim of
Director of the Mint, report of the, npon the production of precious
metals
District of Columbia :
Report on system of sewerage existing in the
Annual report of the CoinmiBHiouers of the [Part 6].
Additional estimates of deficiencies in appropriations for the serv-
ice of the
Estimate of the Commissioners of the, of an appropriation to satisfy
decree in the case of District of Columbia V8. McBlair
Letter from the Commissioners of the, trauHmitting for appropria-
tion an additional list of Judgments rendered against the
Number of persons arrested for murder, manslaughter, etc., in the .
Vol
242
11
306
263
280
9
226
252
45
359
194
95
275
32
24
35
32
34
24
32
26
35
31
358
35
104
26
417
117
37
28
192
31
455
37
374
35
26
34
396
322
37
35
369
200
871
35
31
35
354
35
445
1
37
16
428
37
120
28
438
266
37
34
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIYE DOCUMENTS.
IX
Subject.
£>ifitnct attorneys, letter from Secretary of the Treasury calling atten-
tion to the compensation allowed to the district-attorney for
the southern district of New York
Donovan, Daniel, request of Commissioners of Dintrict of Colombia for
apprppriation to pay judgment rendered by the Court of Claims
in favor of
Daluth, Minn., report upon survey of property donated by the city of.
E.
Eastern Branch of the Potomac River, dredging channel of the
East Point Judith, Rhode Island, reports upon survey of
East River:
Report of survey of
Map of survey of [Part 2]
Eleventh Census :
Estimate of Secretary of Interiorof |350,000 for printing, engraving,
and binding for the
Estimate from the Secretary of the Interior of the appropriation for
the expenses of the
Estimate of Secretary of Interior of appropriation for printing, en-
graving, and binding for the ,
Elk River, Maryland, report of survey of
Engineer museum, letter of Secretary of War requesting an appropria-
tion for an
Equipment of vessels, estimate from the Secretary of the Navy of de-
ficiency in the appropriation for ,
Examining surgeons, estimate from Secretary of the Interior of the
"fees and expenses" of ,
Exeentive Departments, useless papers in the
P.
Finances, annual report of the Secretary of the Treasury on the ,
Fines and deductions. Mail contracts
First Comptroller's Office, letter of First Comptroller asking for an ap-
propriation to pay messenger in his office for extra services ,
Fishing Creek, North Carolina, report of survey of
Florida, letter from Secretary of the Treasury transmitting report of
Third Auditor upon the mutual demands of the State of, and the
United States
Fog signal, recommendation of Secretary of the Treasury for an appro-
priation for, at or near Mie Cuckold's Island, Maine
Fond du Lac River, Wisconsin, report upon survey of
Foreign mails, contracts for
Foreign relations, annual report on
Fortihcations. estimate of Secretary of War of appropriation for arma-
ment of ,
Fort Douglas, Utah, submitting draft of bill relating to water supply at
Fort Myer Military Post, estimate from Secretary of War of appropri-
ation for ,
Fort Missoula, Mont., report relative to title to lands of
Fort Riley, Kans, estimate of Secretary of W^ar for purchase of books
for the libraries of the cavalry and artillery school at
Fort Sheridan rifle ran^e, supplemental estimate of Secretary of War
of appropriation for
Fort Wadsworth, N. Y., additional land for fortification at ,
Foulk, George C, letter from the Secretary of State submitting for ap-
propriation the claim of
G.
Galveston Harbor, Texas, report on improvements in
General Land Office, letter from Secretary of Interior recommending an
increase in the salary of the chief clerk of the
325
Vol.
68
272
24
4;»8
1
147
76
161
33
230
115
98
449
454
142
35
432
217
37
32
347
66
3h
2t5
169
169
31
31
49
26
160
31
373
157
35
31
222
32
180
31
464
197
37
31
2
113
19
395
32
37
24
26
34
24
37
1
31
26
31
24
32
28
26
37
.37
31
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS,
Subject.
Geolngioal Survey:
Report of the director of^ the (vol. 4) [P^^i^ &]
Estimates of irrigation branch of the
Additional estimate of Secretary of the Interior of appropriation
from the director of tfae^ for necesMary expenses of the irrigatiuj^
branch of the
Qeorge, Mrs. Snsanna, communication from the Light-House Board in
relation to claim of ,, «
Green and Barren Rivers, Kentnoky, -report of bill relating to leases of
wat«r powers on the
Gulf of Mexico, report for deep harbor on
Guthrie, Okla., methods of locating homesteads aud town sites at the
land office at. ••
H,
Hampton, Va., extension of national cemetery at *
Hydi*ographic Office, estimate from Secretary of the Navy for printing
and binding for the fiscal year 1891
L
Illinois and Mississippi Canal, report upon snrvey of <
Import duties, statement of refunds of for fiscal year ended June 30, 18;^
Letter relative to tariffs of Austria- Hungary, France and Ger-
many beet-sugar taxes and export bounties
Indians :
Estimate from Secretary of Int'Crior for an appropriation for relief
of destitnte
Funds for subsistence and civilization of certain tribes of
Cherokee, Freedmen Delawares, and Shawnees, estimates of the
Secretary of the Interior of an additional sum of |10,000 to carry
into effect the act for enrollment of the .'.
Chippewa, of Lake Superior, letter from Secretary of the Interior
relative to an immediate appropriation for relief of the
Kiokapoos, amended estimate of Secretary of the Interior of appro-
priation for ** fulfilling treaties with the''
Sioux, estimate of Secretary of the Interior of appropriation for
the education of the
Sioux at Devil's Lake Agency, N. Dak., recommendation of Secre-
tary of Interior of an appropriation of |25,000 for immediate
relief of the
Indian agents, relief of certain
Indian appropriation bill
Indian 'Department, tabular statements of disbursements madj from
appropriations for the, for 1889.... ,
Indian depredation claims, schedule of ,
Indian goods, exigency purchases of.
Indian Office:
Recommendation of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs of the re-
establishment of the office of chief clerk of the ,
Letter urging increase of salarv of Commissioner, assistant commis-
sioner and financial clerk of the
Indian reservations, property transferred on the several
Indian schools :
Carlisle, Pa., estimate firom Secretary of Interior for buildings,
etc., for the Indian school at
Supplemental estimate from Secretary of the Interior of amount
required for support of, upon Indian reservations
Transportation, estimate of deficiency in appropriation for
Indian scouts, employment of
Indian service, amended estimates for the, for fiscal year ending June
30,1891
Indian supplies, increased estimate of Secretary of the Interior Ifor
telegraphing and purchaee of
No.
1
326
14
35
330
35
379
35
389
56
35
26
209
87
177
316
4-^9
11
191
VoL
196
31
26
31
35
37
24
31
241
52
32
26
456
37
99
26
15
24
333
35
131
298
405
28
35
37
6
122
18
24
28
24
31
265
48
34
26
)221
^285
32
34
3:M
219
299
35
32
35
205
31
269
34
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
XI
Babjeot.
Initial monumento, estimate from Secretary of Interior for an appro-
priation for, for mineral surveys
Internal commerce, report Chief of Burean of Statistics on commerce
and navi$ration [Part 2]
Internal RUVtsnue, report of the Commisnioner of, fur 1889 ,
Internal Revenue officers^ recommendation of the Commissioner of
Internal Revenne f >r amendment of the Revised Statutes pro-
viding penalty for obstrncting, in their duty ,
International American Congress, estimates from Secretary of State of
appropriations to complete tbe work of the ,
International Congress of Engineers, report on inland navigation and
seaports of France, with a list of canals and canalized rivers of
the United States ,
Iron and Steel, tests of
J.
Jews in Rnssia, oonceming the enforcement of proscriptive edicts
against
Jones, Rossell & Co., claim of
Judgments due the United States, letter from the Solicitor of the
Treasury in regard to unpaid .'. ,
K.
Kennebank River, Maine, report of snrvey of
Key West, Fla., report on improvement of harbor of ,
Kittery navy-yard, increase of force in
L.
Labor laws. {See Contract labor laws).
La Fayette monument, communication of Secretary of War for appro-
priation for site for the ,
Lake Michigan to the Illinois River, report upon snrvey of water-way
f^om
Lake Ontario aud Irondequoit Bay, channel between
Land entries, abstract of, snspended '.
Land offices, estimate from the Secretary of the Interior for opening, at
Pierre and Chamberlain, S. Dak
Land patents :
Undelivered, in Arkansas and Mississippi
Compilation of, .undelivered , ,
Larchmont Harbor, New York, report>s npon survey of
Larkin, G. T., letter from Attorney-General in reference to the expenses
of, late depnty-marshal eastern district of Tenuesnee
League Island navy-yard ,
Lexington, Ky., donation of land at, for military purposes
Libraries, estimate from the Secretary of War for purchase of books
for the, of the cavalry and artillery school at Fort Riley, Kans
Life-Saviug Service, letter from the General Superintendent of the, in
relation to an appropriation to reimburse tne crew of the life-sav-
ing station at Muskeget, Mass.... « ,
Lights :
Recommendation of Secretary of the Treasury for a light station at
or near the mouth of the new cut-off channel, Baltimore Harbor,
Maryland •.
Letter from Secretary of the Treasury calling attention to the
recommendation of the Light-House Board that range lights be
established at entrance of Beaufort Harbor, North Caroliua
Ueoommendation Secretary of tbe Treasury of appropriation for the
purchase of additional land for the Cheboygan River range-
light station .-
Letter from Secretary of the Treasury recommending an appro-
priation for proper lights at DoUer^s Point and on Hog Island
Wharf, James River, Virginia
290
6
4
397
407
378
14
470
220
308
136
39
462
465
264
320
111
184
416
425
40
402
44
230
380
VoL
34
23
18
37
37
35
25
37
32
35
28
24
37
37
33
35
28
31
37
37
26
37
34
26
32
35
270
34
327
35
271
34
267
34
xn
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Subject.
Light« — Continued.
Letter from the Ligbt-Honse Board reoommending an appropria-
tion to establish range lights in Lake Winnebago, WiscouMin...
Letter from Secretary of the Treasury transmitting bill H. R.
4665, '* to establish five lights along the ship channel of Mobile
Bay,'' and recommending modifications in same
Recommendation of Secretary of Treasury of an appropriation for
propur lights marking the entrance of St. Jones River, Dela-
ware Bay .-
Letter from Secretary of the Treasury recommending an appro-
priation for a ligbr and fog signal at St. Mary's Island, Alaska....
Recommendation of Light-House Board of additional appropriation
for a light and fog signal at Senl Point, Michigan
Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury ^commending an appro-
priation for, on the Thames River, between New London and Nor-
wich, Conn
Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury recommending an appro-
priation for range of lights between Windmill Point, Lake St.
Clair, and Belle Isle, Detroit River, Michigan
Recommendation of Secretary of the Treasury of an appropriation
for proper lights in YaquinaBay, Oregon
Light^house establiahuient, letter from the Secretary of the Treasury
requesting that certain items in estimate for special works for the,
be placed in urgent deficiency bill
Light- house tenders, estimate of Secretary of the Treasury for the con-
struction of the several
Light and steam fog- whistle, New London, Conn., letter from the Sec-
retary of the Treasury^ recommending the establishment of a....
Light station, Sherwood Point, Wisconsin, estimate from the Light-
House Board of an appropriation for land for an approach to the.
Livingston Point, near Pa<lncah, Ky,, report upon survey of
Louisiana, afiairs in the overfiowed districts of
Lower Cumberland River, reports upon survey of, below Nashville, Tenn.
Lyon, Isaac S., letter from attorney-general submitting for appropria-
tion the claim of......
M.
Machine guns for the Army, estimate from Secretary of War, of an ap-
propriation for
McVay, James A. J. and Joseph H., claim of
Mail contracts, annual report on [Parts 1 and 2].
Maine, report of Secretary of War relating to ordnance and ordnance
stores to the State of
Manistee River, Michigan, report upon improvement of harbor at mouth
of
Manokin River, Maryland, report upon survey of
Maricopa County, Ariz., veto of bill to issue certain bonds of supervis-
ors of
Marine Hospital, Chicago, HI., letter from the Secretary of the Treas-
ury recommending an appropriation for the completion of the
approaches to the
Martha's Vineyard, Mass., reports upon survey of
Menomonee Harbor, Wisconsin, report upon survey of
Merchant Marine Service, petition of officers of certain marine insur-
ance companies in favor of bill (H. R. 592) to increatse the safety
of loaded vessels, etc
Mil ford Harbor, Connecticut, report of survey of
Military Academy :
Estimate from the Secretary of War of appropriations for the
Estimate fnim the Secretary of War of appropriation for pay of
tlie Superintendent of the, for fiscal year 1891 !.. ..
Petitions of Army officers to increase appointments at large to the
United States
No.
254
32
' ^02
31
257
32
259
32
278
34
312
439
422
Vol.
35
260
32
258
32
176
31
173
31
313
35
36
172
342
R5
24
31
35
26
37
377
35
150
31
113
!
29
30
396
37
88
26
149
31
37
164
59
34
31
26
24
168
139
31
28
159
31
77
26
444
37
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
XIII
Sobjeoi.
Military Academy — ContiDued.
£«timate6 from the Secretary ofWar of appropriatioDB for the oon-
structioB of a commiHsary storehonse at the, at Went Point, and
for purchase of land for target practice and drill at Fort McPher-
fton, Ga
Military Academy band, petitions to reorganize the ,
Milit4iry courts, appropriation for ei^penses of the
Military establisbmentyStatenient of expenditures from contingent funds.
Military posts, estimates from Secretary of War of api>ropriation8 for
bfflldingsat
Military reservations :
Estimate from Secretary of the Interior to pay custodians of aban-
doned
Estimate of Secretary of Interior of deficiency for preservation of
abandoned
Estimate of Secretary of Interior to pay salary of the custodian of
the abandoned, at Fort Lyon, Colo
Minnesota Point, Wisconsin, reports upon survey of ,
Mint, report of the director of the, on the production of precious metals
Mint, Philadelphia, letter from the Directorof the, recommending that
an increase be made in the salary of the chief clerk of the ,
Mississippi Biver, floods upon the
Mississippi River Commission, expenses of
Missouri, report of Third Auditor of amount found due the State of
Missouri Hiver, report of survey of the, between Cambridge and Glas-
cow
Mitchell, Edward, communication from the Supervising ArcBitect of
the Treasury in relation to the account of
Montana, increased estimate of Secretary of Interior of appropriation
for surveying the public lands in
Montanari, Joseph, communication from Secretary of State in relation
to an appropriation for relief of
Montoya, E., and Sons, claim of
Monuments or tablets at G^ttysburgh, estimate of Secretary of War
of appropriations for ,
Mountain gpns, carriages, etc., estimate from Secretary of War of ap-
propiiation for ,
Monnt Vernon, Va.,- report of survey for a national road from the
aqueduct bridge to ,
Muskegon and Ludington Harbors, Michigan, further improvement of
N.
Narraganaett Bay, reports upon survey of
Naatical Almanac Office, estimate of Secretary of the Navy for rent of
rooms for use of the
Naval oflBcers, request of Secretary of the Navy that certain, be relieved
of checkage against accounts in otFieaof Fourth Auditor
Naval service, estiu^ate of Secretary of the Navy of d<?tioieucy in appro-
priation for transportation and recruiting in the ,
Navy, Annual Report of the Secretary [Part 3]
Navy Department :
Estimate of Secretary of the Navy of deficiency in the appropriation
for contingent expenses of the .-. -
Contingent expenses for 1889
Employ^ in
Estimate of Secretary of the Navy of a deficiency in the appropria-
tion for provisions and clutliiuj^ for the
Navy-yards, estimate of Secretary of the Navy of appropriation for ex-
tending the launching ways at the, at New York and Norfolk
Navy-yw:d, PortmiiouLb, N. H., eslimate from Secrntary of the Navy for
reconstraction of buildings and machinery destroyed by fire at the
Vol.
91
44<;
2U7
54
26
37
35
26
17
24
248
;«
L-9
31
26-^
51
354
34
26
35
86
5 281
\ 291
35fi
448
26
34
34
35
37
251
32
384
35
409
37
375
.5127
\ 132
35
28
28
195
31
155
31
10()
105
28
26
57
26
201
32
203
31
2r)3
1
32
< 8
i ^
343
67
140
35
26
28
365
35
315
35
276
34
XIV
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Snbjeot.
Nebraska, estimate from Secretary of the Interior for sarvey of a por-
tion of the northern boundary of
Nehalem Bay and Dar, Oregon, reports upon surrey of
New Hayen Harbor, Connecticut, improvements ot
New London, Conn., letter from Secretary of the Treasury recommend-
ing the establishment of a light and steam fog-whistle at
New York City, injurious deposits in harbor and adjacent waters of
New York Harbor^ estimate of Secretary of War of appropriation for
the prevention of obstructive deposits in
North East River, Maryland, report upou survey of
North East Kiver, North Carolina, report upon survey of
Nye, Lieut. Haile C. T., letter from the Secretary of State recommend-
inf( an appropriation for bringing home the remains of, late naval
attach^ at Lima, Pern
O.
Ocooqnan Creek, Virgi n i a, reports upon survey of
Ocmulgee River, Georgia, report upou survey of
Ocouee River, Georgia, report upon survey of
Ogden, Utah, veto of increased indebtedness for city of
Oklahoma:
Estimate of Secretary of Interior of appropriation to carry into
eflect act to provide for town-site entries in
Methods of locating homesteads and town-sites at the land office at
Guthrie
Oklahoma Territory, compensation of marshals for services in
Onancock Harbor, Vir|:inia, reports upon survey of
Ordnance, report relative to site for testing and proving heavy
Ordnance and ordnance stores, estimate from Secretary of the Navy
of appropriation for *
Relating to, for the State of Maine
Ordnance Proving Ground, Sandy Hook, New Jersey, report relative,
to test.of rifled mortar presented by South Boston Iron Works at.
Osage River, Missouri, report of survey of
Owen, George H., communication from Secretary of State in relation
to bill to credit late United States consul at Messina with cer-
tain expenses for clerk hire, etc
Owen, Thomas E., depredation claim of
Owendaw and Wando Rivers, South Carolina, reports upon survey of..
P.
Pacific Railroads, response of Secretary of the Treasury to resolution of
House of March 15, 1890, inquiring whether the Government is
owner of any of the first-mortgage securities of the, etc
Paris consulate-general, communication from Secretary of State in re-
lation to certain expenses incurred for storing archives of the
Paris Exposition of 1889, report of the jUnited States commissioner-
general to the [Parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5].
Pensions :
Estimate of Secretary of the Navy of deficiency in appropriations
for Army and Navy pensions
Additional estimates from Secretary of Interior for prompt execu-
tion of the recent act granting pensions to soldiers and sailors in-
capacitated for manual labor, etc
Estimate of assistant treasurer of the United States at New York
of additional force required to transact the increased business
under the new pension legislation
Information concerning the pension system
Investigation as to rerating of
Pension Bureau. {See Bureau of Pensions.)
Pension Office, appointment of thirty medical examiners for the
No.
201
31
70
26
145
31
313
35
341
35
165
31
21Pi>
24
35
24
100
75
215
211
353
390
209
421
83
148
240
398
158
119
366
469
82
282
364
410
419
431
435
361
360
102
Vol.
<
26
26
32
31
35
35
31
:J7
26
31
32
37
31
28
35
37
26
34
35
'' 38
39
40
41
42
37
37
37
35
35
26
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
XV
Sobjeot.
PetOftkey Harbor, Michi j;an , report of survey of.
Plattaburgh, N. Y., donation of land at, for military parade aud prac-
tice ground
Pleasant River, Maine, report of sarvey of
PoDca Indians, stock cattle for •
Postal service :
Contracts for foreign mails
Report on contracts ancl proposals for carrying the mails
Post libraries, estimate of Secretary of War of an appropriation for
books for
Postmaster-General, communications from :
Annnal report [Part 4]
Foreign mails r ,
Post-Office Department :
Expt'nditures of the
Employment of post-office inspectors
Fraad npon the
Reqneet of the Auditor of the Treasury for the, for additional cleri-
cal force in bis Bureau
Requeht of the Postmaster-General for an appropriation to pay
twenty clerks in ^
President, communications from :
Annual message
BrearlHtuffs and provisions, message relating to importations of ....
Cherokee Indians, appropriation to continue negotiations with
Chippewa Indians, of Minnesota, relief of ,
Indian scouts, employment of.^
Jews in Hus.sia, concerning the enforcement of prescriptive edicts
against the
Bebecca, seizure of the schooner ,
Seal tipneries of Behring Sea, relating to the
Round Valley Reservation) reduction of
Veto mefcsa^'cs —
Bill H. K.848. addition to public building at Dallas, Tex
Bill H. R. :\OMy issue of certain bonds by Maricopa County, Ariz . .
Bill H. R. 71T0, to increase indebtedness of Ogden, Utah
Printing and binding for Treasury Department, letter from the Secre-
tary of the Treasury calling attention to the urgent necessity of
an additional appropriation for
Private Land Claims, transcript of records and files of
Public Bnihlings:
Letter from Secretary of the Treasury, calling attention to the ne-
cessity of an appropriation of $142,000 tor furnishing certain
specified ,
Letter from Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting an itemized
statement of the expenditures for, for year 18d9
Auburn, N. Y., request of Secretary of the Treasury for an addi-
tional appropriation for the
Baltimore, Md , request of Secretary of the Treasury for an appro-
priation of $20,000 to complete the
Bureau of Printing and Engraving, estimatesof appropriations for
additional buildings for use of the
Carlisle, Pa., estimate from Secretary of Interior for buildings,
walks, and fences at Indian School at
Carlisle, Pa., estimate from Secretary of Interior for buildings for
Indian school at «
Charleston, S. C, and other places named, recommendation of Sec-
retary of the Treaisury for appropriations for repairs, alterations,
and improvements of, at, etc
Charleston, S. C, request of Secretary of the Treasury for an addi-
tiornl appropriation for the, at
Charleston, S. C, recommendation of Secretary of the Treasury for
an increase of the limit of cost of building and site at
Chicago, 111., request of Secretary of the Treasury for an appropria-
tion for repairs aud improvements of the, at
No.
Vol.
107
28
37
208
45
24
31
26
4r)8
113
37
29
152
31
1
458
10
37
31
372
463
24
37
227
32
370
35
1
392
400
247
299
1
37
37
32
35
470
328
450
72
37
35
37
26
359
422
353
35
37
35
323
415
35
37
311
35
351
35
182
31
393
37
235
•32
221
32
285
34
114
28
187
31
243
32
167
31
XVI
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
S abject.
Public BaildiDflTS—Continaed.
Chicago, 111., recoinmeudation of SecTf^tary of the Treasury for an
appropriation for the completion of the approaches to Marine
Hospital at
Coast and Geodetic Survey, recommendation of Secretary of the
Treasury for purchase of additional buildings for the
Dayton, Ohio, estimate of Secretary of the Treasury of an appro-
priation to improve the sewerage system at the Central Branch
of the Soldiers' Home at
Dayton, Ohio, request of Supervising Architect for an appropria-
tion of |10,000 on account of the, at
Eastport, Maine, and other places named, reconimcndatiou of Secre-
tary of the Treasury for an increase iu the limit of cost of the —
Fort Smith, Ark., requestor Secretary of the Treasury for an addi-
tional appropriation to complete the
Fort Smith, Ark., communication from Attorney-General relating
to deficiency in ap prop rinti on for repairs of
Frankfort, Ky., request of Sec^retary of the Treasury for an appro-
priation for payment for labor on and materials for
Keokuk, Iowa, request of the Secretary of the Treasury for an appro-
priation of $7,500 for additions to the
Key West, Fla., rcqnest of Supervising Architect for an appropria-
tion of $10,000 on account of the
Leavenworth, Kans., recommendation of Secretary of the Treasury
of an appropriation for the, at
Lubec Narrows, Maine, letter from the Light- House Board relative
to an additional appropriation for a light-house at
Lubec Narrows, Maine, call of Secretary of the Treasury to the
■ity for an appropriation of $15,500 for the completion of light-
house at
Marine Corps, estimate of Secretary of the Navy for the erection of
a building for the coiiiiiiandant and staff of the
Military Academy, West Point, estimate of Secretary of War of
appropriations for the construction of a commissary storehouse,
etc., at the
Military posts, additional estimates of Secretary of War of appro-
priations for buildings at ,
Nantical Almanac Office, estimate of Secretary of the Navy for rent
of rooms for use of the
New York City, call of the Secretary of the Treasury for an appro-
priation for alterations and repairs of the, at
Omaha, Neb., estimate of Secretary of War for a storehouse for use
of quartermaster and commissary department at
Ottnmwa, Iowa, recommendation of the Secretary of the Treasury
for an additional appropriation for completion of the approaches
to the, at
Philadelphia, Pa., request of Secretary of the Treasury for an ap-
propriation for repairing custom-house at ,
Bockland, Maine, requestof Secretary of the Treasury for an appro-
priation of $3,000 for improvement of the custom-house and
gronnda at
St. Louie, Mo., request of the Secretary of the Treasury for an ap-
propriation for certain repairs on old custom-house at
San Francisco, Cal., recommendation ofthe Secretary of the Treas-
nry for an appropriation of $450,000 for the, at, be included in
deficiency appropriation bill ,
Supervising Architect's Office, communication from Secretary of the
Treaanry relative to the necessity of additional space for the en-
gineering and drafting division of the
Troy, N. Y., communication from Secretary of the Treasury relative
to a further increase of the limit of cost for the, at ,
Utah penitentiary, estimate of Attorney -Qeneral for an appropria-
tion to preserve the cell building at the
Wichita, Kans., reqnest of Secretary ofthe Treasury for an appro-
priation of $8,000 for the, at
164
153
358
459
112
143
178
345
406
460
185
97
408
204
91
17
261
218
229
137
186
403
346
92
VoL
31
31
35
37
28
31
31
35
37
37
31
26
37
31
26
24
33
32
32
28
31
37
35
26
302
35
134
28
385
35
412
37
INDKX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
XVII
Subject.
Vol
Public BaildJDgs — Cod tinned.
Winona, Minn., call of Secretary of the Treasury to the neoesaity
for an additional appropriation to complete the, at
Winona, Minn., request of Super visiuf^ Architect for an appropria-
tion of $10,000 on account of the, at
Yellowstone National Park, estiuiate from Secretary of War for
bnildinga for the shelter of tToops detailed for the protection of..
Public documents, receipts, distribution, and sale of
Public Lands :
Estimate from Secretary of Interior of deticiencies in the appropria-
tions for depredations on public timber and for protecting the
LfCtt^r from the Secretary of the Treasury transmitting increased
estimate of Secretary of Interior for protecting the
Public Printing and Binding:
Estimate of Public Printer of deficiency in the appropriation for
the fiscal year ended June 30, 1890
Estimate from the Public Printer of deficiency in appropriation for.
Q.
Quarantine service, letter from Secretary of the Treasury recommend-
ing an increase in the appropriation for completion of the wharf
for theUnited States quarantine station at Sapelo Sound, Deboys,
Ga
Quartermaster's Department. (See Army.)
R.
Raymond Bros., claim of
Rebeccay message relating to seizure of the schooner .*
Receipts and expenditures of the United States
Red fern, Joseph and wife, letter from Secretary of the Treasury trans-
mitting claim of
Revenue Cutter Service, statement of Secretary of the Treasury of ex-
penditures for the, for fiscal year 1869
Richardson, Benjamin F., claim of
Rivers and harbors, report on inland navigation and seaports of France,
with a list of canals and canalized rivers in the United States
Road, estimate of Secretary of War of an appropriation for repairing
the roadway from Willets Point to Whitcstone, N. Y
Road, Antietam Cemetery, estimate from -Secretary of War of appro-
priation for completion of
Roadway, estimate from Secretary of War of an appropriation for the
construction of a, from Atlanta to Fort McPherson, 6a
Roanoke River, reports upon survey of
Rook Island Arsenal :
Estimate of appropriatiou to develop water power pool at
Report of present condition of
Rock Island Bridge and Watertown Arsenal, additional estimates by the
Ordnance Department of the Army of aitpropriations for the
Ronnd Valley Indian Reservation, redaction of, in California
S.
St. Croix River, Maine, reports upon resurvey of
St. Mary's Falls Canal, Michigan, reports of commerce on, IH89
Salem Harbor and South River, Massachusetts, report upon Hurvey of..
San Mateo Spring Tract No. 134, report on the private land clnim
Santa F^, N. Mex., donation of land for military purposes
Sarasota Bay, Florida, report upon survey of
Savannah River, report upon nnrvey of, above Augusta, Georgia
Saville, James H., communication from the Commissioners of tlie DIh-
trict of C^^lumbia in relation to a judgment of the Court of Claims
in favor of
gei^giitieries of Behring Sea, message of the President relating to......
H. Ex. U
309
461
188
212
190
352
382
183
35
37
31
31
31
35
24
35
31
125
328
294
28
35
34
210
31
38
10
24
24
378
35
357
35
388
35
3t6
62
35
26
381
239
35
32
307
72
35
26
81)
71)
Vi8
9K
43
(il
21:^
26
26
24
26
2()
32
447
250
37
32
XVIII
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Subject.
Vol.
Second Ligbt-house District, oHtimate of Secretary of tbe Treasury of
additional appropriation to complete tbe steamer for tbe
Secretary of Agricnlture, communications from :
Annual report for year 1H«9 [Part 7] .
Nortb Dakota Experiment Station, in reference Ui an appropriation
for
. Silk culture* report upon tbe operations of tbe Women's Silk Cnlture
Association
Statement of expenditures of tbe Department of A^iicnltnre for
fiscal year ending June 30, 1889
Secretary of tbe luterior, communications from :
Annual Report of (in five volumes) :
Reports of tbe Secretary of tbe Interior and tbe Commissioner of
the General Land Office (vol. 1) [Part 5].
Report of tbe Commissioner of Indian Affairs (vol. 2) [Part 5).
Reports of tbe Commissioner of Patents, Commissioner of Pensions.
etc. (vol.3) [Parts].
Report of tbe Director of tbe Geological Survey (vol. 4).. [Part r>].
Report of tbe (Commissioner of Education (vol. 5) [Part 5}.
Alaska, compulsory school attendance in .^.
Arizona, laws of tifteenth legislative assembly
Arkansas and Mississippi, undelivered land patents in
Bureau of Pensions, transfer to tbe War Department
Commissioner of Indian Affairs, letter urging increase of snlary of
Commissioner, assistant commissioner, and financial clerk of tbe
Indian Office
Blinn, Richard F., claim of
Dickerman, A. T., cl^im of ,
Geological Survey, estimates of expenses of irrigation branch of the.
Guthrie, Oklahoma, methods of locating homesteads and town-sites
at tbe land office at
Indians, fundi for subsistence and civilization of certain tribes of..
Indian agents, relief of certain
Indian appropriation bill
Indian Department, tabular statements of disbursements made
from appropriations for the, for 1889
Indian depredation claims, schedule of •
Indian goods, exigency purchases of
Indiau reservations, property transferred on tbe several
Interior Departqient:
Accounts of disbursing officers of tbe
Expenditure of contingent fund
Jones, Kussell & Co., cl:tiin of ■,
Land patents, compilation of undelivered
McVay, James A. J. and Joseph U., claims of
Montoya, E., and Sons, claim of
Owen, Thomas £., depredation claim of
Pensions :
Investigation as to rerating of
Information concerning the pension system
Pension Office, ai^poiutment of thirty medical examiners for tbe
Ponca Indians, stock cattle for
Private land claims, transcripts of records and files of '.
Public documents, receipte, distribution, and sale of
Raymond Bros., claim of
San Mateo Spring Tract No. 134, private land claim
Sbepard, Henry, claim of
Sisseton and Wabpeton Indians, condition of
Slusber, William, depredation claim of
Smith, Nancy, pension to
Sufrpended land entries, abstract of
Taylor, John, claim of
Union Pacific Railway Company, land patents to the
Van Pelt, Thomas, claim of
Wbitcomb, Aretas, claim of ,.,---,
166
31
1
17
42a
37
110
28
104
26
1
11
1
12
1
13
1
14
1
15
321
35
109
28
416
37
296
35
265
34
130
28
371
35
326
35
209
31
52
26
2l«8
:i5
405
37
8
24
122
28
18
24
48
26
417
37
117
28
2^0
32
425
37
150
31
127
28
132
28
4(i9
37
360
35
361
35
102
26
45
26
41h
37
212
31
125
28
96
26
124
28
443
37
468
37
457
37
HI
28
123
28
453
37
151
31
129
^
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
XIX
Subject.
Secretary of the Navy, communications from:
Annual report (vols, 1 and 2) [Part 3].
Kittery navy-yard, increase of force in
League Island navy-yard
Navy Department :
Contingent expenses for 1889
Employ^ in .' :
Thompson Electric Welding Company, process of welding by elec-
tricity
Secretary of State, communications from:
Annual report on foreign relations [Part 1].
Department of Stiite, contingent expenses of
Import duties relating to tnritfs of Austria, Hungary, France, and
Germany, beet-sugar taxes and export bounties on same
Secretary- of the Treasury, couimnnications from:
Alaska, estimate of appropriation lor steam vessel for use of civil
government of
Alaska, estimate for maintenance of the refuge station at Point
Barrow
Alaska, recommendiDg an appropriation for the establishment of a
light and fog s:gaal at St. Mary's Island
Alaska, estimate of -appropriation for erection of marine barracks
at Sitka
Alaska, estimate for education of children in, for year 1H91
Accounts of the Government, receipts and expenditures of the
United States ..,
Allen, J. B., transmitting amended estimate from Attorney-General
to compensate :
American Cemetery, Acapuico, Mex., transmitting a communica-
tion from the Secretary of State requesting an appropriation for
the improvement of the
Angel Island quarantine station, California, transmitting increased
estimate of appropriation for the
Annual Report of the, on the finances
Ante-bellum mallservice, etc., transmitting certain claims for, and
certain claims of Pere Marquette Railroad Company and Pacific
Mail St-eamsihip Company for mail service
Appropriations, estimate of, for service of the fiscal year ending
June 30, M>1
Appropriations, estimates of deficiency, for year 1^^0 and prior
years
Appropriations concerning bill of H. R. 38*^ to repeal laws relat-
ing to permanent and indefinite
Appropriations, transmitting letter from the Commissioner of Pen-
sions asking an appropriation for thirty medical examiners
Appropriations, supplemental estimate of, required by the various
Departments for fiscal year ending Jnue 30, 1890, and prior years
Army, transmitting estimate from Secretary of War of deficiency
in the appropriation for pay of the
Army, transmitting estimate from Secretary of War of a deficiency
in the appropriation for ** pay, etc., of the"
Army, transmitting estimate from Secretary oi War of deficiency
in the appropriation for pay, etc., of the ,
Army Gun Factory, transmitting increased estimate of Secretary of
War for machinery and plant at the
Arnonx, W. H., transmitting request of Secretary of the Navy for
compensating, for services as counsel ,
Arrears of pay and bounty for volunteers, transmitting estimates
of appropriations for
Arsenals, transmitting letter from Secretary of War relating to
estimates of appropriations for the, at Indianapolis, Ind., and at
West Troy.N. Y
Artificial limbs, transmitting estimate of Secretary of Wiir of defi-
ciency in the appropriation for
1
462
273
67
140
279
1
322
191
317
8,9
37
34
26
28
34
1
35
31
93
26
249
32
259
32
103
303
26
35
294
34
391
35
35
154
2
31
19
418
37
5
21
174
21
274
34
329
35
394
21
236
32
348
35
430
37
214
32
314
:J5
116
28
193
31
228
32
XX
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Subject.
Secretary of the Treannt'y, oommnnications from — Continned.
Atlantic and Pacitic Railroad Company, traiiBmitting an estimate
from Secretary of Interior for aarvey of the land grant to the
Barge office, New York, reqnesting an immediate appropriation of
|2a),000 to cover the cost of repairs on the
Bishop & Co., transmitting letter from Secretary of State in rela-
tion to an appropriation to pay claim of «
Board of Pension Appeals, transmitting letter from Secretary of In-
terior relative to an increase in the number of members of the. ..
Bradford, Commander Royal B., transmitting estimate from the Sec-
retary of the Interior of an appropriation to compensate
Buildings for garrison puriioses^ transmitting estimate from Secre-
tary of War of appropriation for
Bureau of Engraving and Printing, transmitting request of tbe Chief
of the, for an additional appropriation for the compensation of
employ^ on acconntof overtime work
Bnrean of Statistics, requesting provision in legislative appropria-
tion bill for a special statistical clerk in the
Burial lots, Fort Porter, transmitting estimate from Secretary of
War of an appropriation for the purchase of, in Forest Lawn
Cemetery, New York
Cadet Hospital, West Point, N. Y., transmitting estimate of Secre-
tary of War of appropriation to change the plumbing at ^he
Caswell, T. T., Pay Inspector U. S. Navy, transmitting request of
Secretary of the Navy for authority of Congress to relieve, of
checkage against his acconnt •
Chapin, E. E., claim of
Charg^ d'affairs ad interim, transmitting letter from Secretary of
State relative to an appropriation for salaries of
Cherokee Freedmen, Delawares, and Shawnees, transmitting esti-
mates of Secretary of the Interior for an additional sum of
$10,000 to carry into effect the act for enrollment of the
Chickamauga battlefield, transmitting estimate from Secretary of
War for an appropriation of $3,000 for maps of
Chief clerk, General Land Offi^ce, transmitting letter from Secre-
tary of Interior recommending an increase in the salary of the
Cigars, transmitting letter from Commissioner of Internal Revenue
recommending certain amendments to existing laws taxing man-
ufacturers of
Civil officers, transmitting draft of a bill ''To limit and define the
term of all of the United States, appointed for a fixed term*'
Civil Service Commission, transmitting supplemental estimate of,
for salaries, ^t«., in the office of the*^.. ..,
Claims, transmitting list of, arising under the act of July 4, 1864,
allowed since January 17, 1889
Claims, transmitting list of, allowed by the accounting officers of
the Treasury, under appropriations balances of which have been
exhausted or carried to the surplus fund
Claims, transmitting list of, all allowed, enumerated in House Ex.
Docs. Nos. 55 and 153, Forty-eighth Congress, second session, for
which appropriations have not oeen made •>.....
Claims, transmitting communication from the Commissioner of In-
dian Affairs for an appropriation to pay claim of Seneca Indians..
Claims, transmitting of certain States, on account of '* refunding
to States expenses incurred in raising volunteers''
Clerks for Second Auditor's office, transmitting the recommendation
of Second Andit.or for an appropriation for ten additional
Clerical force, transmitting applications from the Third and Fourth
Auditors for increased
Coast aud Gfeodetic Survey :
Transmitting CvStimateof deficiencies in the appropriations for
the service of the, for fiscal year 1890
Report for 1889
Transmitting statement of ex])enditures on account of the, for
fiscal ^ear ended June 30, 1890 «.•»«..
No.
250
32
350
35
231
32
141
31
244
32
162
31
304
35
163
31
47
26
349
35
232
441
32
37
225
144
90
Vol.
32
456
37
442
37
142
31
363
35
335
35
301
35
126
28
31
314
35
340
35
413
37
433
37
440
37
46
55
26
27
26
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
XXI
Subject.
Secretary of tBe Treasnry, communications from — Continued.
Coast and Qeodetic Steamer Geduey, estimate of appropriation for
repaint of the
Colnmbia River light-ship Oregon, transmitting estimate of an
~ additional appropriation to complete the
Consular officers, transmitting letter from Secretary of State in re-
lation to the necessity of an immediate appropriation for pay-
ment of salaries of
. Court of Claims :
List of judgments rendered by the, calling for an appropriation .
List of judgments rendered by the
Beqnest of Commissioners of District of Columbia for appro-
priation to pay judgment rendered by, in favor of Daniel
Donovan .*..
Courts of the United* States :
Estimates of Attorney- General of appropriations for expenses of.
Estimate of Secretary of the Interior for deficiency in the ap-
propriations for distribution of the reports of the Supreme
Court
Estimate of deficiency in appropriation for fees of 'witnesses
in thOf submitted by the At toniey -General
Transmitting letter from the Attorney-General relating to defi-
ciencies in appropriations for Department of Justice
Transmitting letter from the Attorney-General, additional esti-
mates of deficiencies in certain appropriations for expenses
of the
Transmitting letter from the Attorney- General, deficiencies in
expenses of, for years 1888, 1889, and 1890
Consolidated and revised statement of deficiencies to defray*
expenses of, to take place of previous estimates
Estimates (revised) of Attorney- General for expenses of the, for
year 1891
Estimates from the Attorney-General of deficiencies in appro-
priations on account of expenses of
Estimates from the Attorney-General of appropriations to de-
fray expenses of the, for year 1890
Estimates of deficiendes for the expenses of the
Cnnard Steamship Company, transmitting letter from the collector
of the port of New York in response to resolution of inquiry of
the House in relation to violation of the contract- labor laws by
the.
Customs collection district, Laredo, Tex., recommending the es-
tablishment of, in lien of Corpus Christ!
Customs duties, transmitting statement of refund of, for fiscal year
ended June 30, 1889
Customs officers, transmitting abstract prepared by commissioner
of customs of the official emoluments of
Customs revenue :
Transmitting estimate of expenses of collecting the, for fiscal
year ending June 30, 1891
Becommending the annual appropriation for expenses of col-
lecting the, be increased
Customs service:
Transmitting report of all payments made to informers and
seizing officers in the
Recommending that the compensation of the supervising special
agent of the, be restored to |10 per day
Damages to certain vessels, transmitting estimates from Secretary
of the Navy to reimburse the owners of schooner Hilliti S. Derby
and barges Benefactor and Mayflower for damages by collision
with U. S. steamer Juniata^
Department of Justice :
Estimate of the Attorney-General of deficiency in the appro*
priation for printing and binding for the
Transmitting the recommendation of Attorney-General of the
payment of certain bills in the
No. I Vol.
171
237
387
194
374
455
31
32
.35
181
427
31
37
432
37
121
28
179
31
223
32
224
32
332
35
338
35
368
as
401
37
414
37
452
467
37
37
420
37
242
32
11
24
306
35
2H0
34
263
32
9
24
226
32
31
:«>
37
XX
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Subject.
Vol.
Secretary of the Treasury, oommnnications from — Continned.
Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company, tranemittinj? an estimate
from Secretary of Interior for sorvey ojf the land grant to the
Barge office, New York, req nesting an immediate appropriation of
|2S),000 to cover the cost of repairs on the
Bishop & Co., transmitting letter from Secretary of State in rela-
tion to an appropriation to pay claim of
Board of Pension Appeals, transmitting letter from Secretary of In-
terior relative to an increase in the number of members of tbe. ..
Bradford, Commander Royal B., transmitting estimate from tlie Sec-
retary of the Interior of an appropriation to compensate
Buildings for garrison pnr^ioses^ trunsmitting estimate from Secre-
tary of War of appropriation for
Barean of Engraving and Printing, transmitting reqnest of tbe Chief
of the, for an additional appropriation for the compensation of
employ^ on acconntof overtime work
Barean of Statistics, requesting provision in legislative appropria-
tion bill for a special statistical clerk in the
Burial lots, Fort Porter, transmitting estimate from Secretary of
War of an appropriation for the purchase of, in Forest Lawn
Cemetery, New York
Cadet Hospital, West Point, N. Y., transmitting estimate of Secre-
tary of War of appropriation to change the plumbing at the
Caswell, T. T^ Pay Inspector U. S. Navy, transmitting reqnest of
Secretary of the Navy for authority of Congress to relieve, of
eheckage against his account
Chapin, E. E., claim of
Charg^ d*affairs ad interim, transmitting letter from Secretary of
State relative to an appropriation for salaries of
Cherokee Freedmen, Delawares, and Shawnees, transmitting esti-
mates of Secretary of the Interior for an additional sum of
$10,000 to carry into effect the act for enrollment of the
Chickamanga battlefield, transmitting estimate from Secretary of
War for an appropriation of $3,000 for maps of
Chief clerk, General Land Office, transmitting letter from Secre-
tary of Interior recommending an increase in the salary of the
Cigars, transmitting letter from Commissioner of Internal Revenue
recommending certain amendments to existing laws taxing man-
ufacturers of
Civil officers, transmitting draft of a bill ''To limit and define the
term of all of the United States, appointed for a fixed term''
Civil Service Conimissiou, transmitting supplemental estimate of,
for salaries, ^to., in the office of the ^..
Claims, transmitting list of, arising under the act of July 4, 1864,
allowed since January 17, 1889
Claims, transmitting list of, allowed by the accounting officers of
the Treasury, under appropriations balances of which have been
exhausted or carried to the surplus fund
Claims, transmitting list of, all allowed, enumerated in House Ex.
Docs. Nos. 55 and 153, Forty-eighth Congress, second session, for
which appropriations have not neen made %
Claims, transmitting communication from the Commissioner of In-
dian Affairs for an appropriation to pay claim of Seneca Indiana..
Claims, transmitting of certain Stat>es, on account of '* refunding
to States expenses incurred in raising volunteers"
Clerks for Second Auditor's office, transmitting the recommendation
of Second Auditor for an appropriation for ten additional
Clerical force, transmitting applications from the Third and Fourth
Anditors for increased
Coast and Geodetic Survey :
Transmitting estimate of deficiencies in the appropriations for
the service of tbe, for fiscal year 1890
Report for 1889
Transmitting statement of expenditures on account of the, for
fiscal ^ear eoded Juoe 30, 1890t «..«•••
250
32
350
:jr»
231
:i2
141
31
244
32
162
31
304
35
163
31
47
26
349
35
232
441
32
37
225
144
32
456
37
442
37
142
31
36:)
35
335
35
301
35
126
28
31
314
35
340
35
413
37
433
37
440
37
46
55
26
27
90
26
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
XXI
Sabjeot.
Secretary of the Treasury, communications from — Continued.
Coast and Geodetic Steamer Geduey, estimate of appnipriation for
repairs of the
Colombia Riyer light-ship Oregon, transmitting estimate of an
additional appropriation to complete the
Consular officers, transmitting letter from Secretary of State in re-
lation to the necessity of an immediate appropriation for pay-
ment of salaries of
. Court of Claims:
List of judgments rendered by the, calling for an appropriation .
List of judgments rendered by the
Request of Commissioners of District of Columbia for appro-
priation to pay judgment rendered by, in favor of Daniel
Donovan J..
Courts of the United* States :
Estimates of Attorney- General of appropriations for expenses of.
Estimate of Secretary of the Interior for deficiency in the ap-
propriations for distribution of the reports of the Supreme
Court
Estimate of deficiency in appropriation for fees of 'witnesses
in the, submitted by the At toriiey-Oeneral
Transmitting letter from the Attorney -Oeneral relating to defi-
ciencies in appropriations for Department of Justice
Transmitting letter from the Attorney-Qeneral, additional esti-
mates of deficiencies in certain appropriations for expenses
of the
Transmitting letter from the Attorney-General, deficiencies in
expenses of, for years 1888, 1889, and 1890
Consolidated and revised statement of deficiencies to defray*
expenses of, to take place of previous estimates
Estimates (revised) of Attorney-General for expenses of the, for
year 1891
Estimates from the Attorney-General of deficiencies in appro-
priations on acconnt of expenses of
Estimates from the Attorney-General of appropriations to de-
fray expenses of the, for year 1890
Estimates of deficiendes for the expenses of the
Cnnard Steamship Company, transmitting letter from the collector
of the port of New York in response to resolution of inquiry of
the House in relation to violation of the contract-labor laws by
the
Costoms collection district, Laredo, Tex., recommending the es-
tablishment of, in lieu of Corpus Christ!
Customs duties, transmitting statement of refund of, for fiscal year
ended June 30, 1889
Customs officers, transmitting abstract prepared by commissioner
of customs of the official emoluments of
Customs revenue :
Transmitting estimate of expenses of collecting the, for fiscal
year ending June 30, 1891
Recommending the annual appropriation for expenses of col-
lecting the, be increased
Customs service:
Transmitting report of all payments made to informers and
seizing officers in the
Recommending that the compensation of the supervising special
agent of the, be restored to $10 per day -
Damages to certain vessels, transmitting estimates from Secretary
of the Navy to reimburt^e the owners of schooner RWUi S. Derby
and barges Benefactor and MayHower for damages by collision
with U. S. steamer Juniata
Department of Justice:
Estimate of the Attorney-General of deficiency in the appro*
priation for printing and binding for the
Tnuumitting the recommendation of Attorney -General of the
payment of certain bills in the
No. . Vol.
171
237
387
191
374
455
31
32
. 35
181
427
31
37
432
37
121
28
179
31
223
32
224
32
332
35
338
35
368
35
401
37
414
37
4.52
467
37
37
420
37
242
32
U
24
306
35
280
34
263
32
9
24
226
32
31
37
XXII
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Subject.
Secretary of the Treneury, conimunications from — Continued.
Department of Labor, transmite increased est i mate of the Com-
mi^ioner of Labor for rent of rooms for use of the
Department of State :
Transmitting additional estimate from Secretary -of State for
bindinfjr manuscript belonging to the
Transmitting estimate of Secretary of State of deficiency for
printing and binding for the
District attorneys, calling attention to the compensation allowed
to the district attorney for the soathern district of New York
District of Columbia:
Transmitting additional estimates from the Commissioners of
the, ofdeticiencies in appropriations for the service of the
Transmitting letter fn>m the Commissioners of the, with addi-
tional list of judgments rendered against the, tor appropria-
tion
Vi. McBIair, transmitting estimate of the Commissioners of
the DiMtrict of an appropriation to satisfy a decree
Eleventh Census:
Transmitting estimate from Secretary of the Interior of
$350,000 for printing, engraving, and bindingfor the
Transmitting estimate from the Secretary ot the Interior of
appropriation for expenses of the
Transmitting estimate from Secretary of the Interior of appro-
priation for printing, engraving, and binding for the
Equipment of vessels, transmitting an estimate from the Secretary
of the Navy of deficiency in the appropriation for
Examining surgeons, transmitting estimate from Secretary of the
Interior of the, and expenses of
First Comptroller's Office, trabsmittmg letter from First Comptrol-
ler asking for appropriation to pay messenger in his office for
extra services
Florida, transmitting report of Third Auditor upon the mutual
demands of the State of, and the United States
Fog-signal, recommending an appropriation for, at or near Cuck-
old's Island, Maine ^. .---t
Fort Lyon, Colo., estimate to pay salary of custodian of, an aban-
doned military reservation
Fort Myer military post, transmitting estimate of Secretary of War
of appropriation for
Fort Sheridan rifle range, transmitting estimate of Secretary of
War of appropriation for
Fortifications, transmitting estimate from Secretary of War of
appropriation for armament of
Foulk, George C, transmitting letter from Secretary of State sub-
mitting for appropriation the claim of
Geological Survey, transmitting letter from Secretary of the In-
terior submitting an additional estimate of appropriation from
the Director of the, for necessary expenses of the irrigation
branch of the • ,
George, Mrs. Susannah, transmitting communication from the
Light-House Board relative to claim of
Hydrographtc Office, transmitting estimate of Secretary of the
Navy for printing and binding tor the, for fiscal year 1891
Indians, transmitting estimate from Secretary of Interior for an ap-
propriation for relief of destitute
Indians, Chippewa, of Lake Superior, transmitting letter from Sec-
retary of Interior relative to an immediate appropriation for re-
lief of the
Indian Office, transmitting recommendation of the Commissioner of
Indian Afi'airs for the reestablishmeut of the officeof chief clerk
of the
Indian schools,supplemental estimate from Secretary of the Interior
of amount raqnired for, upon Indian reservations
Indian school transportation, transmitting estimate of deficiency in
appropriation for
95
275
34
:^
37
325
35
428
37
436
37
120
99
VoL
26
28
49
26
160
31
373
*
35
180
31
464
37
395
37
68
26
2T2
34
268
34
161
31
115
28
147
31
449
37
330
35
379
35
177
31
241
32
26
196
31
334
35
219
32
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
XXIII
Subject.
Secretary of the Treasury, commnuications from — Continued.
Indian service, transmitting amended estimates for the, for fiscal
year ending June liO, 1891 ,
Indian supplies, transmitting increased estimate of Secretary of the
Interior for telegraphing and purchase of ,
Internal-revenue officers, transmitting the recommendation of the
Commissioner of Internal Revenue for amendment of Revised
Statutes providing penalty for obstructing, in their duty
International American Congress, transmitting estimates from the
Secretary of State of appropriations to complete the work of the
Initial monuments, transmittin g estimate from the Secretary of the
Interior for an appropriation for, for mineral surveys
Indians, Kickapoos, transmitting amended estimat<e of Secretary of
the Interior of appropriation for ** fulfilling treaties with the"..
Land offices, transmitting estimate from the Secretary oi Interior
for opening, at Pierre and Chamberlain, S. Dak
Larkin, G. T., transmitting letter from Attorney-Gh>neral in refer-
ence to the expenses of Cite deputy marshal, eastern district of
Tennessee •
Libraries, transmitting estimate from Secretary of War for books
for books for the, of tne cavalry and artillery school at Fort Riley,
Kans
Life-Saving S* rv ice, transmitting communication from the General
Supertuteudent of the^ in relat>on to an apropriation to reim-
burse the crew of the life-saving station at Miiskeget, Mass
Lights, recommending an appropriation for a light-station at or
near the mouth of the new cut-off channel, Baltimore,
Harbor, Maryland ^
calling attention to the recommendation of the Light-House
Hoard that range lights be established at entrance of
Beanforfc Harbor, North Carolina ,
recommending an appropriation for the purchase of addi-
tional land for the Cheboygan River ran^e-light station
recommending an appropriation for proper lights at DoUer s
Point and on Hog Island Wharf, James Kiver, Virginia ,
transmitting recommendation of the Light- House Board fur
an appro[>riation for range lights on Lake Winnebago,
Wisconsin ,
transmitting bill (H. R. 4665) to establish five lights along
the ship channel of Mobile Bay, and recouimeudiug mod*
16 cations of same
recommending an appropriation for proper lights for mark-
ing the entrance of St. Jones River, Delaware Bay
trauKuiitting request of Light-House Board for an addi-
tional appropriation for a light and fog signal at Senl
Point, Michigan •-.
recommending an appropriation for twelve, on the Thames
River, between New London and Norwich, Connecticut,
recommending an appropriation for a range of lights be-
tween Windmill Point, Lake St. Clair, and Belle Isle,
Detroit River, Michigan
racommending an appropriation for proper lights in Yaqui-
na Bay, Oregon
Light and steam. fog- whistle. New London, Conn., recommending
vne establishment of a
Light- House Establishment, requesting that ceitain items in the
estimate for sjlecial works for the, be placed in dt^licieucy bill. ..
Light-House tenders, submitting increased estimates of appropria-
tion for the construction of the several ,
Light-stAtion^ Sherwood Point, Wisconsin, transmittin : estimate
from the Light-House Board of an appropriation fur land for an
approach t4> the...
Lyon, Isaac S., transmitting letter from Attorney-General submit-
ting for appropriation the claitii of
Machine guns for Armv, traoBmitting estimate of Secretary of War
of an appropriation for
No.
254
VoL
205
31
269
34
397
^ 37
407
37
290
34
15
24
184
31
402
37
230
32
380
35
270
34
327
35
271
34
«67
34
32
202
31
257
32
278
34
312
35
260
.32
268
34
313
35
176
31
173
31
86
24
439
37
377
- 3S
XXIV
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Sabjeot
Secretary of the Treasary* com mnnicatioDs from — Continued.
Mercbant-uiarine service, transmitting petition of officers of cer-
tain marine insurance companies in favor of bill (H. R. 592),
'* safety of loaded vessels"
Military Academy^ estimate from tbe Secretary of War of appro-
priations for the.
Transmitting estimate of Secretary of War of
itppropriation for pav of tbe Superintendent
of tbe, for fiscal year 1891
Military Reserrations, transmitting estimate of Secretary of tbe
Interior u> pay custodians of abandoned.
Transmitting deficiency estimate of Secre-
tary of luterior for preservation of aban-
doned
Mint, Pbiladelpbia, transmitting letter from tbe Director of tbe
Mint, recommending that an increase be made in tbe salary of
tbe chief clerk of tbe
Missouri, transmitting a report of Third Auditor, of tbe amount
found due tbe State of
Mitchell, Edward, transmitting communication from tbe Super-
vising Architect of the Treasury in relation to tbe account of....
Montana, transmitting increased estimate of Secretary of Interior
of appropriation for surveying public lauds, to be applied to ex-
penses or surveys of public lauds in
Montanari Joseph, transmitting communication from Secretary of
State in relation to an appropriation for relief of
Monuments at Gettysbnrgh, estimate of Secretary of War for
Mountain guns, carriages, etc., transmitting estimate of Secretary
of War of appropriation for
Naval officers, transmitting request of Secretary of the Navy that
certain, and others be relieved of cbeckage against their
accounts in office of Fourth Auditor
Naval service, transmitting estimate from Secretary of tbe Navy
of deficiency iu appropriation for transportation and recruiting
for tbe
Navy Department, transmitting estimate of tbe Secretary of the
Navy of a deficiency in the appropriation for
'*contiu|{ent expenses of the *'
Transmitting estimates of the Secretary of the
Navy of a deficiency in the appropriation for
provisions and clothing for the J . . .
Navy yards, transmitting estimate of Secretary of the Navy of
appropriation for extending the launching ways at
the, at New York and Norfolk
Portsmouth, N. H., transmitting an estimate from
the Secretary of the Navy for the reconstruction of
buildings and machinery destroyed by fire at the
Nebraska, transmitting estimate from Secretary of tbe Interior,
for survey of a portion of the northern boundary of
New York Harbor, transmitting estimate of Secretary of War of
appropriation for tbe prevention of obstmctive deposits in
Nye, Lieut. Uaile C. T., transmitting recommendation of Secre-
tary of State for an appropriation for bringing home tbe re-
mains of late naval attach^ at Lima, Pern
Oklahoma, transmitting estimate of Secretary of the Interior of
appropriation to carry into effect ** act to provide for town-site
entries in''
Ordnance and ordnance stores, transmitting an estimate fh>m
Secretary of the Interior of appropriation for
Owen, George U., transmitting communication from Secretary of
State, in relation to bill to credit, lateconsnl of United States at
Messina, with certain expenses for clerk-hire, etc
Pacific railroads, response to resolution of House of March 15, 1890,
inquiring whether tbe Government is owner of any of tbe first-
mortgage Beonritiea of the, etc ..•••• •
Vol.
168
U9
77
248
189
86
448
384
409
375
195
155
803
253
343
365
315
276
201
165
100
390
240
366
31
31
26
32
31
26
37
35
37
.35
31
31
31
32
35
35
35
34
31
31
26
35
32
35
34
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
XXV
Subject.
Secretary of the Treasnrv, communicatioDS from — Continned.
Paritt oonenlate-generaly transmitting commnnicatiou from Secre-
tary of State, in relation to certain expenBes incurred for
storing archives of the
Pensions, transmitting estimates from Secretary of the Interior,
of deficiency in appropriations for Army and Navy Pensions
Pensions, transmitting additional estimate of Secretary of the Inte-
rior for payment of pensions under recent act of Contrress
Pensions, transmitting estimate from the Assistant Treasurer of
the United States at New York of additional force required to
transact the increased business under the new pension legisla-
tion
Post libraries, transmitting estimate from the Secretary of War of
an appropriation for books for
Post-office Department:
Transmitting communication from the Auditor of the Treasury
for the, calling attention to the need of additional clerical
force for his Bureau
Transmitting reqnest from Posttnaster-Oeneral for an appro-
" priation to pay twenty clerks in
Precious metals, report of the Director of theMint on the produc-
tion of.
Printiug and binding for Treasury Department, calling attention
to the urgent necessity of an additional appropriation for..
Public buildings :
Relating to an immediate appropriation for furnishing certain
specified.... ••
Itemized statement of expenditures from appropriations for re-
pairs and preservation of, for 1889
Anbnm, N. T., requesting an additional appropriation for
Baltimore, Bid., recommending an appropriation to complete
the, at
' Bureau of Engraving and Printing, estimates of appropriation
for additional buildings for the ,
CarHsle, Pa., estimate of Secretary of tlie Interior for build-
ing etc., at Indian school at
Carlisle, Pa., estimate of Secretary of the Interior for build-
ings for Indian school at
Charleston, S. C, and other places, recommending appropria-
tions for certain repairs of the, at
Charleston, S. C, requesting an additional appropriation for
United States custom-house at
Charleston, S. C' recommending an increase of the limit of
eost of site for the, at!.
Chicago, 111., asking an appropriation for repairs, etc., of, at..
Chicago, 111., recommending an appropriation for completion
of the approaches to the marine hospital at
Coast and Geodetic Survey, recommending the purchase of an
additional building for use of the
Dayton, Ohio, estimate of appropriation to improve the sewer-
age system at the Central Branch of Soldiers' Home at
Dayton, Ohio, request of supervisingarchitect for an appropria-
tion of $10,000 on account of the, at.
Eastport, Me., and other jilaces, recommending an increase of
the limit of cost of certain, therein named
Fort Smith, Ark., asking an additional appropriation for the, at.
Fort Smith, Ark., communication from Attorney-General relat-
ing t-o deficiency appropriation for repairs of
Frankfort, Ky., requesting an appropriation for payment of
labor and materials for
Keokuk, Iowa, requesting an appropriation for additions to the.
Key West, Fla., letter from thesuperviHing architect, request-
ing an appropriation of $10,000 on account of 1...
Leavenworth, Kans., recommending an additional appropria-
tion for the
No.
VoL
364
35
419
37
431
37
435
37
152
31
227
32
370
35
354
35
323
35
311
35
351
182
35
31
393
37
235
32
221
32
285
34
114
28
187
31
243
167
32
31
164
31
153
31
358
35
459
37
112
143
28
31
178
31
345
406
35
37
460
37
1«>
31
XXVI
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Subject.
! No.
Secretary of the Treasury, commuBications from — Continued.
Public buiUlioga — Continued.
Lubec Narrows. Maine, letter from the Light- House Board rel-
ative to an additional appropriation for a light-house at
Lubec Narrows, Maine, calling attention to the necessity of an
appropriation of $15,500 for the completion of the light-
house at
Marine Corps, estimate of Secretary of the Nayy for public
building for use of the commandant and staff of the
Military Academy West Point, estimate of Secretary of War
of appropriations for commissary storehouse at the
Military posts, additional estimates from Secretary of War
of appropriations for buildings at
Nautical Almanac OfiSce, estimate of Secretary of the Navy for
rent of rooms for the ^
New York City, calling for an appropriation for alterations
and repairs in the, at
Omaha, Nebr., estimate from the Secretary of War for store-
house for use of quartermaster and commissarv department at.
Ottumwa, Iowa, recommending an additional appropriation
for completion of approaches to r
Philadelphia, Pa., asking an appropriation for repairs of
Bockland, Me, requesting an appropriation of $3,000 for the
improvement of the custom-house grounds at
St. Louis, Mo., requesting an appropriation for certain repairs
on the, at
San Francisco, Cal., recommending that an appropriation for,
beprovidedfor in deficiency bill
Troy, N. Y., relative to a further increase in the limit of cost
ol the
Utah penitentiary, communication from Attorney-General sub-
mitting an estimate for the preservation of cell building at.
Wichita, Kaus., requesting an appropriation of $8, 000 for heat-
ing apparatus, elevator, and completion of
Winona, Minn., calling attention to the necessity for an addi-
tional appropriation for completion of
Winona, Minn., letter from the supervising architect request-
ing an appropriation of $10,000 on account of the
Yellowstone National Park, estimate of the Secretary of War
for buildings for the shelter of troops detailed for the pro-
tection of .*
Public Lands :
Transmitting an estimate of Secretary of the Interior of defi-
ciencies in the appropriations for depredations on public
timber and for protecting the
Transmitting increased estimate of Secretary of Interior for
protecting the
Public Printing and Binding:
Transmitting estimate of deficiency in appropriation for, for fis-
cal year l«90
Transmittinf^ estimate from the Public IMnter of deficiency in
appropriation for
Quarantine service, recommending an increase of appropriation for
completion of the wharf for the United States quarantine sta-
tion at Sapelo Sound, Deboys, Ga
Redfern, Joseph, and w:ife, transmitting claim of, for lease of prop-
erty
Revenue Cutter Service, statement of expenditures for the, for
fiscal year 1889
Road, transmitting estimate of Secretary of War of an appropria-
tion for repairing the roadway from Willets Point to White-
stone, N. Y
Road toAiitietam Cemetery, transmitting estimate of Secretary of
War for appropriation to complete
Roadway, transmitting estiuiate from Secretary of War for con-
struction of, from Atlanta to Fort MoPherson, Ga
97
408
204
91
17
261
218
229
137
18G
^03
346
92
134
385
412
309
461
188
Vol.
26
37
31
26
24
32
32
32
28
31
37
35
26
28
:)5
37
35
37
31
190
31
352
35
30
24
383
35
183
31
210
31
38
24
357
35
388
35
376
35
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTiyE DOCUMENTS.
XXVII
Subject.
Secretary of the Treasnry, oommnnications ft'om — Coctinaed. *
Rock Island Bridf^e and Watertown Arsenal , trausnilttiDg esti-
mates by the Ordnance Department of the Army of appropria-
tions for the , T
Saville, James K.,communicatiou from the Commissioners of the
District of Columbia in relation to a Judgment of the Court of
Claims in favor of
Second light-house district, transmitting estimate of a<lditional ap-
propriation to couiplete the steamer for the
Signal Office, transmitting amended estimates of Chief Signal Of-
ficer, for salarif^s Signal Office for year 1891
Signal Office, transmitting estimate from Secretary of War of ap-
propriation for salary of an engineer at the
Sioux Indiana, transmitting estimate of the Secretary of the In-
terior of appropriations for the education of the
Sioux Indians at Devil's Lake Agency, N. Dak., transmitting let-
ter from Secretary of Interior recommending an appropriation
of (i^^OOO for immediate relief of the
Sioux reservations, transmitting estimate of Secretary of the In-
terior for expenses of surveying the
Soldiers' Home, transmitting request of Second Comptroller for
an increase in the salaries of clerks in his office engaged in ad-
justing the accounts of the ^ ;
Southern lite Commission, transmitting estimate from Secretary
of Interior of a deficiency in the appropriation for the
Sti^ndard Measures, transmitting estimate from the Superintendent
of the Coast and Geodetic Survey for the construction of stand-
ard gallons, etc i
Statistical Abstract, transmitting the twelth number of the
Steam fog whistle, Warwick Point, R. I., conveying a recommenda-
tion for the establishment of a
Snndry civil act, submitting recommendations by the Second Comp-
troller and Second and Third Auditors that certain provisions of
the, in respect to auditing the accounts of the Signal Service
Corpe, be repealed
Target ranges. Fort McPheraon, Ga., tranr^mittiug estimate from
Secretary of War of an appropriation for the purchase of land for.
Trade-dollar bullion, transmitting a report of the Director of tlin
Mint in response to resolution of House inquiring why the
** trade-dollar bullion " has not been received
Treasurer's report on account of, for 1889
Treasury Department, transmitting report of the contingent ex-
penses of the, for fiscal year ended June :iO, 1889
Unpaid Judgments, transmitting letter from the Solicitor of the
l^easury relative to, due the United States
Yillanova, Hermanoe & Co., transmitting request of Secretary of
State for an appropriation to enable him t^ pay
War Department, transmitting additional estimates of appropria-
tions for increased clerical force required by the record and pen-
sion division of the
Washington Aqueduct, transmitting estimate from the Commission-
ers of the District of Columbia of additional appropriations for
the :
' Wyatt, Daniel F., transmitting estimate from Attorney-General of
appropriation to pay claim of, deputy United States marshal, for
services in opening Oklahoma
Wyoming, transmitting estimate from Secretary of the Territory of,
for payment of expenses of twelfth Territorial assembly
T^llowstf'ne Park, transmitting estimate from the Superintendent
of the, of amouut necessary to carry into effect the requirements
of the bill before Congress affecting the
Znni Indian Agency, N. Mex., transmitting estimates from the Sec-
retary of the Interior of appropriations for support of Indians
and pay of agent at the
307
Vol.
35
447
37
* 1,66
31
16
24
50
26
333
35
131
28
2^4
34
•25?
34
28:j
M
3H
13
35
24
310
35
466
37
53
26
451
436
37
43
12
24
308
35
383
35
426
37
108
28
367
35
234
33
331
35
1 287
34
XXVIII
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
Sabject.
Secretary of War, communications from :
Annual report, 4 vols. (vol. 1) [Part2]..
Report of Chief of Engineers ( voL 2, part 1) [Part 2 ] . .
(vol.2, part 2) [Part 2].-
(vol. 2, part 3) [Part 2]..
(vol. 2, part 4) [Part 2]..
Report from Chief of Ordnance (vol. 3) [Part 2] . .
Report of Signal ofiScer (vol. 4, parts 1 and 2) [Part 2] . .
Army,
petitions of noncommissioned ofiSoers for reduction in the
limit for retirement.
submitting petitions for increase pay of noncommissioned
officers of the staff
purchasing instruments for heavy artillery practiceo
relative to objections to lineal promotions in the
relative to regular supplies. Quartermaster's Department
reports of purchases or supplies for use of the, for 1889
support of the ,
transmitting letters relating to mileage of officers of the
Boeing, William, for the relief of
Byrne, Edward, relative to reinsatementof, as captain of cavalry.
Army
Chicamauga, estimate for printing and binding maps of the battle-
field of
Civilian engineers, statement of, for 1889 ^
Corths, H., deceased, estate of •
Duluth, Minn., report of survey of property donated by the city of.
Engineer, Mnsenm, appropriation for an
Executive Departments, useless papers in the
Fort Douglas, Utah, submitting draft of bill relating to water sup-
ply at
Fort Missoula, Mont., title t^ lands of
Fort Wadsworth, N. Y , additional land for fortification at
Hampton, Va., extension of national cemetery at
Iron and steel, test of
La Fayette monument, appropriation for site for the
Lexington, Ky., donation of land at, for military purposes
Military Academy, petitions for increase of appointments at large
to
Milit-ary Academy band, petitions to reorganize the
Military courts, appropriation for expenses of
Military Establishment, statement of expenditures from contingent
funds
Mississippi River Commission, expenses of.
Mount Vernon, Va., report of survey for a national road from the
Aqueduct Bridge to
Ordnance, report relative to a site for testing and proving heavy ..
Ordnance and ordnance stores, relating to, &r State of Maine
Ordnance proving ground, Sandy ^Hook, N. J., report relative to
test of rifled mortar presented by South Boston Iron Works
Pension Bureau, transfer of ,
Plattsburgh, N. Y., donation of land at, for military purposes
Richardson, Benjamin F., claim of
Rivers and Harbors:
AUoway Creek, New Jersey, reports upon survey of
Appoquinimink Creek, Delaware, report of survey of
Aquia Creek, Virginia, report of survey of.
Beaufort Ri ver, North Carolina, report of survey of
Bel fast Hnrbor, Maine, report u pon survey of.
Beverly Harbor, Massachusetts, report of survey of
Big Black River, Mississippi, improvement of i
Brown's Creek, New York, report of survey of
Cape Chaf les City, Va., report of survey of harbor of
295
VoL
233
175
118
246
217
222
197
76
33
98
87
14
465
44
2
3
4
5
6
7
7
35
31
32
34
35
3:.
26
35
37
34
32
32
37
28
32
31
28
32
32
32
31
26
24
26
26
25
37
26
444
37
446
37
297
35
54
26
356
35
106
28
148
31
;WH
37
158
31
300
Z5
37
24
10
24
60
26
19
24
135
28
42
26
«1
26
27
24
216
32
22
24
29
24
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
XXIX
Subject.
Secretary of War, commnDicatioDs from — Continned.
Kivem and Harbors- Con tiuued.
Cedar Bayou, Texai), reports upon survey of bar at mouth of. .
Chesapeake Bay, right of way of vesHols in aud from, to Balti-
more
Chester River, Maryland, reports upon survey of ,
Chickahominy Kiverf Virginia, reports upon survey of
Chincot«ague Inlet, Virginia, report on improvement of
Coaster's Harbor Island, reports upon survey of
Cocbeco River, reports of survey of, from Dover, N, H., to its
month
Columbia River, report upon certain obstructions to navigation
in the ,
Columbia River, improvement of
Coosa River, Alabama, report of survey of
Cranes aud AVaters Rivers of Essex Branch, Masssichusetts, re-
port of survey of
Cypress Bayou, Louisiana, report upon improvement of
Detroit River, approximate cost of tunneling .'
Detroit Rivfr, report on survey of, at Grosse Point, Mich
East Point Judith, Kliode Island, reports upon survey of .'.
East River, report of survey of
map of survey of [Part 2]..
Eastern Branch of tic Potomac River, dredging channel of the
Elk River, Maryland, report of survey of
Fishing Creek, North Carolina, report on survey of
Fond du Lac River, Wisconsin, report of survey of.
Galveston Hafbor, Texas, reports of improvements in the
Green and Barren Rivers, Kentucky, report of bill relating to
lease of water-powers on the
Gulf of Mexico, reports on deep harbor on
Illinois and Mississippi Canal, report of survey of
International Congress of Engineers, report on tbe inland nav-
igation and seaports of France, with a list of canals and
canalized rivers in the Unit«d States
Kenoebunk River, Maine, report of survey of.
Key West, Fla., report upon improvements of entrance to the
harbor of
Lake Michigan to the Illinois River, report upon survey of a
water-way from [Parts 1 and 5i] . .
Lake Ontario and Irondequoit Bay, relating to the project
for a channel between
Larchmont Harbor, New York, reports upon survey of
Livingston Point, near Paducah, Ky., report of survey of
Louisiana, afiairs in the overflowed districts of
Lower Cumberland Riv»T, Tennessee, report of survey of
Manistee River, Michigan, report on improvement of harbor
at mou th of
Manokin River, Maryland, report of survey of
Martha's Vineyard, Mass., reports upon survey of
Menomonee Harbor, Wisconsin, report of survey of
Milf ord Harbor, Connecticut, report of survey of
- Minnesota Point, Wisconsin, reports upon survey of
Mississippi River, floods upon the
Missouri River, report of survey of the, between Cambridge
and Glasgow
Muskegon audLudington Harbors, Michigan, further improve-
ment of •-,......
NarragauHett Bay, reports upon survey of .♦
Nehalem Ba^ and Bar, Oregon, reports upon survey of
New Haven harbor. Conn., improvements of
New York City, injurious deposits in harbor and adjacent waters
of
North East River, Maryland, report of survey of
2iorth Ea^t Hiver North Caroliua, report on survey of ,, .,,.••
84
39
264
Vol.
26
339
35
65
26
41
26
207
31
63
26
74
26
64
26
101
26
94
26
23
24
252
32
3(S9
35
200
31
66
26
169
31
169
31
347
35
157
31
:«
24
24
24
454
' 37
389
35
56
26
316
a5
429
37
378
35
136
28
24
33
320
35
40
26
172
31
342
35
b5
'26
88
26
149
31
59
26
34
24
139
28
51
26
281
34
291
34
251
32
105
26
57
26
70
26
145
31
341
35
21
24
35
9i
XXX
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUKENTS.
Snbject.
Secretary of War, comiDnnicationB from — Contiaued.
Kivers and Harbors — Coutinued.
Occoquau Creek, Virginia, reports npon snrvey of...-.
Ocmulgee River, Georgia, report upon Hurvey of.
Oconee River, Georijia, report upon survey of
Onaucock Harbor, Virginia, report upon survey of
Osage River, Missouri, report of survey of
Owendaw and Wando Rivers, South Carolina, reports upon sur-
vey of
Petoskey Harbor, Michigan, report of survey of
Pleasant River, Maine, report of survey of ».
Roanoke River, Virginia, reports upon survey of
St. Croix River, Maine, report of resurvey of.
St. Mary's Falls Canal, Michigan, report upon couinieroe of
the, for 1689
Salem Harbor and South River, Massachusetts, report of survey
of , , ^
Sarasota Bay, Florida, reports upon eurvey of
Savannah River, report upon snrvey of, above Angusta, Ga
Shallotte River, North Carolina, reports upon survey of
Sipsey River, report of survey of
Siuslaw River and Bay, Oregon, reports upon survey of
Umpqna River, Oregon, report of snrvey of
Union River and Union River Bay, Maine, report of survey of.
Upper Columbia River, Washington, report upon survey of
Wappinger's Creek, New York, report of survey of
Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers, Alabama and Mississippi, report
of survey of
Weymouth River, Massachusetts, report of survey of
Wicomico River, Maryland, report of survey of
Young's River and Klaskuiue River, Oregon, reports upon sur-
vey of. -
Rock Island Arsenal :
Estimate of appropriation to develop water-power pool at
Report on prescut condition of
Santa F^, N. Mex., donation of land for military purposes at..
Soldiers, burial of indigent ex- Union
Soldiers' Home, deposit of funds pertaining to the
Tents, transmitting draft of a bill to purchase
War Department:
Contingent expenses of
List of employ 6s in
Money accounts of disbursing officers
Washington aqueduct tunnel, relative to liabilities of certain con-
tractors engaged in the construction of
Shallotte River, North Carolina, reports upon survey of
Shepard Henry, claim of
Signal Office :
Amended estimates from Chief Signal Officer for salaries Signal
Office for fiscal year ending June 30, 1891
Estimate of Secretary of War of appropriation for salary of an en-
gineer at the
Signal Officer, annual report of (vol. 4, parts 1 and 2) [Part S]..
Signal Service Corps, recommendations of the Second Comptroller and
Second and Third Auditors, that certain provisions of the sundry
oivil act in respect to auditing the accounts of the, be repealed ..
Silk culture, report upon the operations of the Woman's Silk Culture
Association
Sioox City, Iowa, office for district clerk at
Sionx reservations, estimate from the Secretary of Interior for ex-
penses of surveying the
Sipsey River, report npon survey of
Siuslaw River and Bar, Oregon, reports upon survey of
Sisseton and Wahpeton Indians, condition of
Sitka, Alaska, appropriation to repair Government building at..
75
215
211
119
82
107
•208.
62
89
79
Vol.
16
50
1
466
26
32
31
26
28
26
28
31
26
26
26
28
24
61
26
213
32
78
26
198
31
71
26
199
31
138
28
238
32
25
24
156
31
26
24
20
24
69
26
381
35
239
32
43
26
58
26
355
35
293
34
128
28
80
26
255
32
286
34
305
35
78
26
124
28
24
26
7
37
110
28
411
37
284
34
198
31
71
26
443
37
14G
31
288
34
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS.
XXXI
Subject.
Snasher, William, depredation claim of
Smith, Nancy, pension to
Soldiers, report of Secietary of War relative to burial of indigent ex-
Union :
Soldieni' Home :
Letter from Second Comptroller recommending an increase in the
salaries of clerks in his office engaged in adjusting the accounts
of the
Deposit of funds pertaining to the
Sonthern Ute Commission, estimate from the Secretary of the Interior
to supply a deficiency in the appropriation for the
Standard measures, estimate from the Superinteudeut of the Coast and
Geitdetic Survey for the construction of standard gallons, etc....
Statistical Abstract, letter from the Secretary of the Treasury trans-
mittinc: the twelfth number of the
Steam fog whistle, Warwick Point, Rhode Island, recommendation of
Secretary of the Treasury for the establishment of a
Sundry civil act, recommendations of the Second Comptroller and
Second and Third Auditors that certain provisions of the, be re-
pealed
Supervising Architect of Treasnry, letter from Secretary of the Treasury
relative to the necessity of additional space for the engineenng
and drafting division of the office of the
T.
Target ranges, McPherson, Ga., estimate of Secretary of War of an
appropriation for the purchase of land for
Tariff. {See Import duties.)
Taj^lor, John, claim of
Tennessee, claims for witness fees, middle district of
Tents, submitting draft of a bill to purchase
Texas, employment of counsel, etc., in the prosecution of suit re-
lating to Greer County
Thompson Electric Welding Company, process of welding by electri-
city
Trade dollar bullion, report of the Director of the Mint in response
to resolution of House inquiring why the trade dollar bullion
has not been recoined ..-
Treasurer of the U. S., report on accounts of, for 1889
Treasnry Department :
Report of the contingent expenses of tjie, for fiscal year ended
Jnne30, 1-H9
Letter from Secretary of the Treasury, asking for appropriation for
a special statistical clerk in Bureau of Statistics of the
Tnthtll, Richard H.| claim of
U.
Umpqna River, Oregon, report upon survey of
Union Pacific Rail way Company, land patents to the
Union River and Union River Bay, Maine, report of survey of
United States, judgments in cases against
United States Civil Service Commission, sixth report of the. .. [Part 8]
Upper Colomliia River, Washington, report upon survey of
V.
Van Pelt, Thomas^ claim of
Villanova, Hermanns & Co., request of Secretary of State for an appro-
priation to enable him to pay
W.
Wappingei's Creek, New York, report noon survey pf ....
468
457
58
289
355
283
318
13
310
466
302
53
1^3
192
293
404
279
451
436
12
Vol.
25
37
26
34
35
34
35
24
35
37
35
26
28
31
34
37
34
37
43
24
163
31
434
37
199
31
453
37
i:^8
28
;«7
35
1
18
238
32
151
31
383
35
24
XXXII
INDEX TO HOUSE EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS
Subject.
War Department :
Additional eatiraates from Secretary of War of apphopriations for
increased clerical force required by the Record and Pension
Division of the ^
Contingent expenses of
List of employ68 in
Money accounts of disbursing ofBcers
Warrior and Tombigbee Hivers, Alabama and Mississippi, report upon
survey of
Washington Aqueduct:
Estimate from the Commissioners of District of Columbia of addi-
tional appropriation for the ,
Relative to liabilities of certain contractors engaged in the con-
struction of tunnel
Wedderbum, Alexander J., relating to certain alleged frauds upon the
Post Oflice Dex>artment
Weymouth River, Massachusetts, report upon survey of
Whitcomb, Aretas, claim of.
Wicomico River, Maryland, report upon survey of
Wyatt, Daniel F., estimate of Attorney-General of appropriation to pay
claim of, deputy United States marshal, for services ir opening
Oklahoma
Wyoming, estimate from the Secretary of the Territory of, for payment
of expenses of twelfth Territorial assembly
Y.
Yellowstone National Park :
Estimate of Secretary of War for buildings for shelter of troops de-
* tailed for the protection of
Estimate from the acting superintendent of the, of <amonnt neces-
sary to carry into effect the bill before Congress affecting the....
Young's River and Klaskuiue River, Oregon, reports upon survey of. ..
Z.
Zuni Indian Agency, estimates from the Secretary of tue Interior of
appropriations for support of Indians and pay of agent at the,
N. Mex
426
128
255
156
108
286
305
463
26
129
20
367
234
188
331
69
287
37
28
26
32
31
88
34
35
37
24
28
24
35
32
31
'35
26
34
51st Congress, I HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, i Ex. Doc.
1st Session, J • ( No. 437.
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS
OF THJ5
UNITED STATES
• >i WITH
FOREIGN COUNTRIES
DURING
THE YEARS 1887 AND 1888.
(ANNUAL REPORTS FROM THE CONSULS OF THE UNITED STATES ON THE
COMMERCE, MANUFACTURES, INDUSTRIES, ETC., OF THEIR
SEVERAL DISTRICTS FOR THE ABOVE YEARS.)
^^
WASHINGTON:
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE.
1889.
CONTENTS.
AFRICA.
Algeria 1
British Poflseanons .* 5
St. Helena 6
Sierra Leone 10
NORTH AMERICA.
Dominion of Canltda 13
ProYince of Ontario 15
ProTinoe of Manitoba 26
Province of Quebec Si9
Province of Nova Scotia 32
ALOJUvV ..■•*•• ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... .... ...... .... .... ...... .... •••••■ OO
SOUTH AMERICA.
Argentine Republic 41
Brasil 82
Dutch Guiana 85
Falkland Islands 86
Peru 88
WEST INDIES.
British:
Bahamas 92
Bermuda 101
Antigua 105
Anguilla 105
Dominica 110
Portsmouth HO
Nevis Ill
Montserrat HI
Trinidad 7 112
Danish:
St. Thomas 115
Santa Cruz 119
San Domingo 121
CONTINENT OF ASIA.
Ceylon 125
China 129
J^^an.. 148
IV CONTENTS.
Palestine 168
8iam 175
Philippine Islandfl .^.. 179
AUSTRALASIA.
South Australia ,. 197
KUHOPB.
Anstria-H angary 209
Belgium ; 216
Denmark •. 235
France 229
Germany 255
Greece f ^ 297
Italy 397
Netherlands 363
Russia 378
Spain .\ 381
Sweden and Norway 395
Switzerland ^ 409
United Kingdom:
England 412
Scotland 474
BBITISH POSSESSIONS IN BUROPB.
Gibraltar , 492
Malta 496
AFRICA.
AliGERIA.
REPORT BY CONSUL QRELET, OF ALOIERA
The number of persons in Algeria engaged in agricnlture at the end of the year 1887
may be estimated at :{,246,300, of which number 206,^0 are Europeans and 3,039,341
are natives. Comparing these figures with those of the year 1886 (187.033 Europeans^
and 3,098,220 natives), a considerable increase is noticeable.
The value of agricultural material has also increased. In the latter year 357,567 agri-
cultural implements are reported, and their value fixed at 24,502,250 francs; while in
the former the estimated value is 24,207,045 francs.
. D0HS8TIC ANIMALS.
The number of head of farm stock in the hands of the European and native growers
reached in 1887 the figure of 17,973,431, divided as follows:
Sorts.
Hones
Moles.
Aflses.
Oaroels
Oxen, cows, calves
Sheep
Goats
Hogs
Belonging to —
Total.
Euro-
Natives.
peans.
86,6;>7
166,071
192,678
22.030
118,869
140, 899
15,414
281,966
297,380
191
298,886
290,tl77
138.536
1,071.623
1,210,159
315,510
10,5:iS,578
10,854,088
93.465
4,798,684
4,892,149
86,901
100
87,001
708,654
17,264,777
17,973,431
ComiKinng the^^e ti>rureR with those of the preceding year (16,624,926 head) we notice
» difference of nearly 1,500,000 in favor of 1887, and this difference is, for the most part,
in the hands of the natives. The number of sheep, for example, owned by the natives is
not much less that one and a half millions in advance of that of 1886.
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONS.
The following table indicates the results of the season of 1886-'87: '
Farming.
Cereals.
European.
Native.
Total.
^
Surface.
Crop.
Surfaoe.
Crop.
Surface.
Crop.
Wheat. ~
Kye ~
fWrlev
HectafCM.
232,729
408
08,945
48,202
3,794
4.486
100 KUot.
1,480,111
3,954
1,006,011
556,543
31,664
29,537
Hectares.
1.002,829
100 KIloM.
4,293,921
Hectareg.
1,234,558
408
1,299,257
60,526
12.900
80,821
100 Kilo*.
6,774,032
8,954
1,200,312
2,321
0.106
26,335
7,228,982
16, 491
81,653
02,708
8,229,943
Oats
573, a34
Maize -
Bechna (sort of sorghum)
63.317
122,245
338,564 3,107,820
2,240,906
11,658, 706
2,629,470 14,766,525
lOGll C R
1
1
2 OOMMEKCIAL UELATIONS.
Whereas in the preceding year the results were as follows:
Surface sowed hectares... 2,808.324
Quantity harvested tons... 1, 662,494
The reason of this decrease may be attributed to the locast plagae, esj^ecially in the
dejwrtmenl of Ck>nstantine.
VINE CULTUKE.
The following table exhibits the extent and importance of vine culture in Algeria on
the 3l8t of December, 1887:
Departments.
Europeans.
Natives.
Surface.
Wine crop.
Surface.
Wine crop.
Alg^iors
Hectare*.
30,119
32, 816
20,772
HectUilere.
944.538
711,064
241,010
Hectares. .
1,947
J, 077
1,033
HeclolHerB.
723
Oran
158
Coiistaiitine
5,468
Total
83.737
1,896,612
4,057 6.349
At the same date of the preceding year the extent of surface planted was 70,041 hec-
tares, and the production amounted to 1,666,000 hectoliters. Hy comparing the two re-
sults we see that alx)ut 8,000 hectares have been planted with vines during the year^aud
that the product in 1887 is nearly 300,000 hectoliters greater than that of 1886.
TOBACCO.
The number of planters, European and native, who have been engaged in tobacco-
raising during the year, amounts to 8,942. The surface planted amounted to 10,239
hectares and the crop to 4,975,400 kilograms, as may be seen in the table.
Planters.
Number.
Surface.
Crop.
Eurooeans
1,411
7,531
Hectare*.
2,484
7,755
Kiiogratne.
2,411,979
2,663,421
Natives
Total
8,942
10,239
4,975,400
This result is seu.sibly inferior to that of the preceding year, which was as follows:
Planters, number 9,260
Surface cultivated, hectares .' «. 11,000
Crop, kilograms 5,632,000
4
OLIVE on*
One hundred and -fifty-nine thousand six hundred and thirty-four hectoliters of olive
oil have been made during the year 1887, viz, 12,697 by Europeans and 146,937 by the
natives.
FLAX.
The surface sown in 1886- '87 was 1,751 hectares, and the amount raised 29,700 kilo-
grams of the plant and 673,800 kilogi-ams of the seed.
ALFA.
In 1887 the extent of surface from which alfa was gathered was 1,248,852 hectares,
and the crop amounted to 224,000 tons. Of this 75,565 tons, worth about 8,915,000
francs, were exported to England. It may here be noted that Algeria is Great Britain's
most important furnisher of this textile, as the amount she imports from all sonrcea
amounts to only about 200,000 tons.
AFRICA — ALGERIA. 3
The following table shows, by districts under both civil and military jarisdiction, the
number of hectares from which this plant was gathered daring the year 1887, the quan-
tity gathered, etc
DeparimenU.
A l^ivIVb ••«•**•• •
Oran
Coii«tafitine..<
Total.
Districts.
Surfaoes (beotares).
Civil
jutiBcliciion.
Algleni.
Oran...
RIemcen ...
Bel Abbes.
Mascara....
Batna ...
Giielina
Saif
Military
juris'lictlon.
Bog^har
Djelfa.
Bou-Steada
Mecheria..
Halda
Marnia
£1 Aricka
Forests.
Estates.
Muni-
cipal.
Govern-
ment
9,Ki6
3,307
1.000
4,907
24.000
15,446
182,000
23,800
7,500
76,355
52,284
891,411
Govern-
ment
other
than
forests.
•••■•••« •••»•!
500
600
Munici-
pal.
42,600
840,000
12,000
7,600
50, (XK)
10, COO
26, (XX)
180,000
90. CO
8,000
3,000
769,200
Pri-
vate.
8,750
5,684
60,000
2,000
2,000
Total
crop.
lOOibtiM.
4,100
5,800
83,434
12,000
600
17,700
31,500
563,000
9,620
40,000
120,000
925.000
514,500
15,000
2,.240,aao
Aooording to a decree dated January 22, 1886, a prize was offered for the best treatise
on the working of the alfa fields. This prize amounted to 4,000 francs, the largest pro-
portion of which has been attributed to Dr. Trabat, professor at ^e medical school at
Alters.
Appropriations to agricultural aocietiea. — Appropriations amounting altogether to 19,250
francs have been accprded to twenty-eight differentr agricultural societies in order to en«
courage them and permit them to publish the repo] ts of their labors.
Prize accorded to **commune8*\ for encouraging the ptarUing of trees. — As in preceding
years, the government has accord^ special appropriations to a certain number of munici-
palities for the purpose of encouraging the planting of trees upon the grounds thereto
belonging. The amount of these subventions was during the year 9,200 francs. Plants
and seeds of trees have been given to municipalities which have requested them.
AGBICULTUBAL FAIB8.
Since 1879 yearly exhibitiona of this nature have successively been held in the three
provinces, that of 1887 being at Boaffarik. The experience thus obtained shows that
the results are in general satisfactory. It has, however, been found that the majority
of agriculturists have less interest in these exhibitions than if a greater lapse of time
separated one tVom the other. The governor-general has, hence, requested that they be
held less frequently and that the sums accorded for their encouragement be devoted,
the years when no such exhibitions are held, to the payment of the expenses necessary
to the participation of the colony in similar exhibitions held in France or in foreign
oountriea. It is, hence, to be supposed that Algeria will be able to take a greater share
in foreign exhibitions and increase her business relations with other countries.
UOCAL EXHIBITIONS.
Such exhibitions were organized in 1887 by agricultural societies in the three de-
partments. Daring the year two were held in the departments of Algiers and Constan-
tine, respectively, and seven in the department of Oran. The object was in some cases
general, oorrespofkding to the agricultural fair in the United States, and in some cases
special, as, for example, seed or animal exhibits, plowing or vine-trin^ming matches, etc.
For the support of these exhibitions the Government appropriated certain suu^s, varying
in amount from l^lO to 1,000 fraucs to each, iu accordance ^ith tl^eir r^pective impo^t^nc^,
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
PHYLLOXKBA.
The methods of defending the vineyards againsfc the phyllozeric pest and all the legis-
lation on the snbject has b^n already sent to the Department (dispatch dated March 18,
1887, No. 76).
Dnring the year nnder consideration a general visit was made, onder the direction of
the department syndicates, to the vineyanls in the provinces of Algiers and Oran, com-
menciog about the middle of April and finished in Angast. The vineyards of the de-
partment of Constantino were examined by a committee appointed by the Pr^fet. In-
dependently of this general visit of inspection, all the vineyards in which any withering
of the plants has been reported have been particularly examined by the delegates of
the department. They have also been charged with an examination of the American
vines, in accordance with article 7 of the law of 1886, translation of which has been for-
warded you (dispatch No. 76, above mentioned).
According to the provisions of the law, an indemnity amounting to 7,296 francs has
been accorded to proprietors who^e vines were, during the year, destroyed to prevent
the spread of phylloxera.
S(JB3IDIKS TO HOBSE-BBEBDINO SOCIETIES^
The sum appropriated to the different societies of Algeria during the year ISST
amounted to 'i9,800 francs. This has been employed in premiums offered at the differ-
ent races of the societies.
The results of the operations at the different stations in the three departments were
as follows:
Departments.
Algiers
Oran
Constantine.
ToUl...
Stations.
47
31
19
97
Stallions.
200
197
197
9H
Mares
oovered.
5,897
7,611
5, US
18,651
SANITABY INSPECTION OF ANIMALS.
To prevent the attack and spread of contagious diseases in animah, the main features
of the law of July 21, 1881, were by a decree dated November 12, 1887, made applicable
to Algeria.
rOBEST 8UPEBVI8ION.
This supervision is in Algeria extended over a surfiice of 2,785,186 hectares of forests
belonging in part to the government and in part to municipalities. It extends also to
woods and uncultivated lands of private owners which are situated in the mountainous
districts.
The care of the forests is a work of the greatest importance, and imposes a particularly
delicate task upon the local government. An intelligent intervention of the forest-service
in the disposition of the woods belonging to private individuals, the regulation of pas-
turage, the reclamation of mountain lands carried on in virtue of the law of December
9, 1885, will allow the state at no very distant date to re-establish important masses of
wood which are destined to exert a most beneficent effect upon the water and climate.
Chas. E. Gbellrt,
ConwK
Ck)N8ULA-tE OP THE UNITED STATES,
Algiers, February 13, 1889.
AFRICA — CAPE COLONY — CAPE TOWN.
CAPE COIiONY.
Jmpinis and exports at Oape Colony for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Description.
IMPORTS.
Mcrt-lmntlise
I olonial Ctoverniuent articles,
hiiperlrtl Government articles
Spcvie
Afn>ic*ultiinil implements
Ale and beer
Biit'.er
ChIii netware, etc
Cqhilies
Curt-iaf^ea, eio
i'licfjic
Clucks
Flour ;
Ootion manufactures
Dynamite, etc
llardvrare
Manufactures of leather <«
Machinery. ,
Scuiit (common)
Sp.rittt
Value
entered.
926,529,651
J,(VM.ir9!r
22,084
6,4110,617
34.067,344
164,802
365,204
108,013
461,214
195,250
49,513
118,219
31,327
<7.637
2,639,256
815,869
1.249,622
1, 459,783
1,067,788
194.954
431, 456
Deftoription.
Sugar
Tobacco and cigars
BXrOKTB.
Aloes
Argols
Copper ore
Corn, and Ki'^i^i
Feathers (ostrich)
Fish (cured)
Hair (angora)
Hides
Horns
Jvory
Skins (goat and sheep)
Spirits (brandy)
Wine (All kinds)
Wool (Heece washed)...
Wool (scoured)
Wool (grease)
Other articles
Total
Value
entered.
SI, 045, 250
175,084
4.
1,
1,
1,
5,
22.
15.080
14,094
164.062
95,351
690.273
120,815
484,059
323,928
25, COO
10, 152
592,870
10,000
94.658
899,552
132,240
530.347
338,057
42,440.438
Naeigntion at the port of Cape Colony for the year ending December 31, 1888.
From or to—
Ca|»e Town
PortKolloth ,
Hiaion*8 Town ^.
Masiwl Bay
Kuy«na ^
Port Rlizabeth
Port Alfred..
East London
St. John's River
Entered.
Steamers.
No.
874
24
10
215
96
882
21
821
14
Tona.
No.
851,742
319
4,308
60
25,309
4
870,586
6
45,197
2
773,171
167
10,687
4
703,040
17
1,206
2
Sailing vessels.
Tons.
142,457
26.425
4,212
2,135
715
89.657
52
Cleared.
Steamers.
No.
376
24
10
215
96
379
21
317
14
Sailing vessels.
TonM.
No.
853,876
317
4,368
58
25. .'109
4
370.58(>
5
45, 197
2
760, 070
137
10,687
4
699,987
14
1,206
2
TOHS.
139,341
26,206
4.212
1,934
715
72,851
84
3,976
52
Of the inward, 6 steamers and 218 sailing vessels were foreign. Of the outward, 6
steamers and 182 sailing vessels were foreign. All others British.
CAPE TOWN.
Imporfs and exports between Cape Town, Africa, and the United Slates, for the year endimg
December Z\,\mS.
Articles.
IKPOBTS.
Brash ware......
Butlrer
Carriages and carts
docks and watches
Cordage
Cotton piece goods
Drags and chomioals
Purnliure and cabinetware
£231
8
271
65
447
69
857
369
Articles.
IMPORTS— continued.
Hardware and cullery
Implements (agricultural)
India-rubber goods
Instruments, niunical
Lard, 21,308 pound.-)
Leather, 11,43^ pounds
leather nitinufHcturcH
Linens, piece u;of»di«
Value.
£1,288
383
i:»
197
484
473
1,053
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Jvipatis and esrports between Cape Town^ Africa, and the United Statee-^-Coniinvied.
Articles.
IMPORTS— oontinued.
Maehin«ry, agricuUurAl
Machinery, Diiiiing and manufacturing..
Meats, salted and cured
Oil (petroleum)
Provisions (oilman's stores)
Soap (common brown)
Sugar ^
Tobaooo (manufactured)
Weod (sUves, £6,0«3)
ToUl
Value.
£1,872
100
Ml
2,796
1,590
22>t
1,240
2,000
10,000
37,268
Ariloles.
BXPOBTS.
Argola ^.
Buchu leaves
Curios
Feathers (ostrich)
Flowers, everlasting ,
Iron, old ,
Skins, goat
Stone, building
Stone, rough -.,.
Wool, grease
ToUl
Value.
£225
620
10
88,302
580
440
56
iSf
49.589
89,859
United States Consulate,
Cape Tmon, December 31, 1888.
Geo. F. Mollis,
COMUl.
ST, HEI.UNA.
imports.
Imports at St. HeitviM for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Description.
Australia :
Animals :
Oxen number...
Sheep ..« do
Beer (duty paid) « ..dozen ..
Butter packages...
Cigars (duty paid^ : <io
Flourand meal do
Qrain asd bran do
Grease do
Mineral water do
Oilman stores do
Onions do
Potatoes do
Spirits warehoused gallons...
Wine (duty paid). do
Total for Australia.
Calcutta :
Bags packages...
Beef and pork do
Cigars (duty paid) do
Qrease do
Lime juice (duty paid) gallons...
Marine stores packages...
Matting do
Oilman stores do
Rice bags...
Tea packages...
Tobacco (duty paid) pounds...
Total for Calcutta..
Cape of Good Hope :
Animals z*^
Oxen number...
Horses do
Sheep do
Ale (duty paid) hofl^shcads...
Beef and pork packages...
Biscuits do
Chemicals and driign... do
Quan-
tity.
1
104
89
2
4
1,627
.60
13
7
24
4
48
18
90
1
5
340
19
85
1
2
20
1.224
7
70
90
1
328
198
31
69
2
Value en-
tered.
150.00
1,060.00
120.00
85.00
10.00
10,095.00
3,410.00
175.00
80.00
145.00
20.00
130.00
80.00
465.00
15,825.00
15.00
105.00
450.00
190.00
eo.oo
50.00
50.00
145.00
4,940.00
116.00
25.00
6,145.00
6, 2^^0.00
75.00
2,0)0.00
5,220.00
475.00
235.00
50. (M)
Amount
of duties.
••••••••#«••««»••
•9.75
1.66
56.25
67.00
86.50
17.50
112. 70
940. .'lO
AFRICA— ST. HELENA.
Impoii9 at St. Helena for the year ending December 31, 1888 — Continued.
Description.
Cmpe of >ood Hope — Continued.
Coffee packages.
Dates do....,
Drapery and haberdashery do....
Flour and meal • do ....
Forage cwt.
Fruit, dried paclcages.
Fruit, green .*. do....
Grain and bran.. do....
Qrease do ...
Indian corn do ...
Petroleum incaseH.. ^ do....
Onions do....
Oilman stores .• do....
Potatoes Imgs.
Rice do....
Seeds pnctcages.
Aiove, coolcing do ...
Sugar bags.
Wine :
Warelioufied gallons...
Duty paid .....do....
Total Cape of Good Hope.
Port Nolloth, wRst coast of Africa :
Animals :
Oxen number..
Sheep. „ do ....
Total
Mauritius :
Sugar packages...
Madeira :
Furniture packages...
Onions do
Total
Quan-
tity.
2
100
1
220
354
11
26
471
5
210
seo
47
111
78
640
2
1
100
3,642
1.119
(•)
11
98
1.823
22
119
Manila :
Cigars (duty paid).
Rangoon:
Cigars (duty paid)..
United States of America :
Beef and pork barrels...
Bread do
I Boats number...
Bricks, fire packages...
Brooms and brushes do
Butter do
Chemicals and drugs do
Coals tons...
Drapery and haberdHshcry packages...
Earthen nnd glass ware do
Fish do
Flour and meal barrels ..
Fomiture.. paL-kages...
Grain. do
Glass do
Implements, farming packagea...
Indian com do
I^ard do
Machinery do
Marine stores'^ do
Oars do
Oil cake and meal do
Oilman stores do
Petroleum in cases do
Soap and starch do
Stoves do
Sugar do
Timber cubic feet...
Stores imported and tran<»Iiipped on board the wluilerti at this
port packages...
50
40
201
12
1
2
31
12
1
8
13
15
16
316
66
5
1
9
4
55
1
23
16
12
38
703
59
26
3,526
519
Total for the United Statra
Value en-
tered.
940.00
22^.00
45.00
1.425.00
510.00
96. CO
80.00
1,575.00
21). 00
820.00
8SU.C0
280.00
400.00
285.00
3,300.00
10.00
5.00
650.00
2,415.00
1,200.00
27,675.00
625.00
625.00
i; 250. 00
11,770.00
65.00
285.00
3y).00
90.00
50.00
4,065.00
60.00
25.00
16.00
65.00
240.00
10.00
.%.00
710.00
110.00
60.00
2,535.00
290.00
100.00
5.00
100.00
50.00
655.00
5.00
295.00
50.00
305.00
660.00
1,575.00
330.00
160.00
280.00
l,OOO.tt)
18,040.00
31,810.00
Amount
of duties.
9699.37
1,639.87
12.50
10. CO
*EzcliiYive of imperial stores for Her Majesty's Government service.
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Imports at St» Helena for the year ending December 31^ 1688 — Cootinaed.
Description.
Quan-
tiiy.
United Kinffdon :
fleer in noKsheads
Beer in bottles dozen quarte...
liookaand stationery packag«M...
lioots 'ind shoes do
Brt>oinB and brushes do
Cundles do
Carriaiies number .
Cement and lime packagres...
CU^mioalsand drugs do
Cigars :
Warehoused pounds.1!
Duty paid do
Coals tons...
Confectionery packages-
Earthen and glnss ware „ ..do
Plourand meal , do
Grain and bran do
Instruments, musical ;. do
Jewelry do
Llmejuioe gallons...
Matches cases...
Mineral water packages...
Perfumery „ .do
Rice X bags...
Soap and starch packages...
Spirits :
Warehoused...... gallons...
Duty paid «
Sugar......... packages...
Tea do
Timber. cubic feet...
Tobacco:
Warehoused pounds...
Duty paid.. do
Wine:
Warehoused gallons...
Duty paid » ...do
Drapery and haberdashery .-...packages ..
Iron and hardware
ProTisions and oilman stores
Total British.
126
1,023
21
53
112
2
119
67
140
853
874
72
62
566
37
3
1
6
18
24
6
1,966
172
2, OSS
188
700
184
530
7.398
2,250
3,996
776
• 165
289
2,022
Value en-
tered.
18,510.00
2,120.00
805.00
8,890.00
140.00
1,570.00
775.00
380.00
2,065.00
125.00
325.00
2,250.00
1,470.00
1,606.00
2,110.00
150.00
100.00
150.00
10.00
525.00
185.00
215. go
8, 88a 00
1,750.00
4,7SS.00
845.00
6,675.00
2,965.00
200.00
1,920.00
845.00
8,270.00
1,740.00
18,500.00
5,480.00
29.355.00
111,645.00
Amount
of duties.
9598.50
2S5.75
88.25
469.31
564.75
'485.'o6
2,461.16
RECAPITULATION.
Countries.
United Kingdom
CalcutU -
Capo of Good Hope
Port Nollotb, west coast of Africa
Mauritius
Au.<itralia
^ladetra. «....
Manila
Rangoon
United States of America
Total
Value.
Sill, 645.00
6,145.00
27,675.00
1.250.00
11,770.00
15,825.00
350.00
90.00
50.00
31.810.00
206,610.00
Duties.
92,461.16
irj.TO
• 1,639.87
67.00
12.50
10.00
4,308.23
AFRICA — ST. HELENA.
EXPORTS.
Exporbt from Si. Hdent^ for the year ending December 31, 1688.
I>eaoripUon.
Quan-
tity.
Value (in-
dudinflT
costs and
chargfes).
United Kingdom:
CUoclcs.
fittfWM,..
1
lOS
20
412
4
78
72
24
10
tEM) 00
Krapty drums and tanks....
number...
1,015.00
S2S.00
Gimno ".
tons...
Hides. «
......number...
600.00
Hom4 ^ ^
Daokases...
25.00
Old melaU
,,„., do
005.00
Wool
bales...
2,000.00
400.00
Skins.. »
,, ..do....
Stone
nackaffes...
10.00
Specie
,
vidue..
15. 675. 00
'.
•Total-
20,805.00
•In nddition to above exports there were transshipped from the American whaling- fleet lying
in this harbor and exported to the United States —
Description.
United State, of America:
Barrels of oil
Bone-
.barrels...
.pounds...
Ambergris ^ do.
Total „
Quan-
tlty.
4,635
2.890
22
Value (in-
cluding
costs and
charges).
985,287.20
3,612.50
4,400.00
98,299.70
Navigation at the port of Si, Helena for the pear ending December Sl^ 1888.
Flag.
Americnn .
Argentine.
Austrian ...
British
British Colonial.
Germnn
Italian
Norwegian
Swedish
Prom or to-
Whaling and the United States.
United Kingdom
From Cape Good Hope
From United Kingdom and colonies,cleared
for sanie and foreign countries.
do
United Kingdom and colonies
From British colonies to foreign countries...
do
From British colonies to foreign countries...
Sailing ves-
sels entered.
No,
18
1
1
18
2
2
1
5
1
49
Tom.
8,756
374
658
16,391
400
838
2,245
247
25,231
Sailing ves-
sels cleared.
No.
17
1
18
2
2
1
5
1
47
Tons.
3,614
374
16,391
322
400
838
2,245
247
24,431
Note. — Exclusive of British mail steamers to and from the United Kingdom and the Cape of
Good Hope.
James B. Coffik,
OonnU,
UNFfED States Consulate,
8L Helena^ June 30, 1889.
10 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
SIERRA LEONE.
REPORT BY COSSUL LEWIS.
Knowing that the Department is anxious this report shoald be sent in as early as pos-
sible in the new year, I have, as osnal, made special effort to obtain final fiK^i^^ to com-
plete the tabulated statements; forshoubl I wait to receive them in the ordinary way,
I could not make this report before March, as the Gazette for November will not be
printed before the middle of January, and December about the middle of February, but
through the kindness of the collector of customs and the colonial secretary I am per-
mitted to copy the figures from the original manuscripts, etc
AORICULTURE.
This department, I am satisfied, never will attain to anything like the importance
which it deserves. There are, no doubt, a great many reasons why it will not.
Ginger and ground-nuts seem to be the only two things which are now cultivated for
export, and the very low price of these articles now and for the past fejr years does not
olt'er sufficient stimnlus to exertion.
A penny per pound for ginger does not much more than pay for the labor expended.
Ayain, there are no draught animals employed and no plowing done; the soil is dug up
with stont hoes and but poorly done. Everything seems to tend to discourage any
young men from entering this field, consequently the towns are overrun with young men
and lx>ys seeking clerkships, servants' places, etc, and the supply greatly exceeds the
demand.
A botanical garden, on which a good sum of money raised by subscription was spent,
was opened here in 1887 with a great fiouricih and sounding of trumpets, afterwards to
be entirely neglected and allowed to go to utter ruin.
These undertakings are usually started by enterprising and overzealous Europeans
who are here this year and gone next, hence no one is left who cares to continue the
good work begun.
With regard to the ground-nut industry which has been so dead for a few years, past,
in the northern and adjoining rivers I hear nothing of its reviving, but at Bathurst,
Hiver Gambia, 480 miles north, I am told they have quite encouraging piospecis for this
season's crop.
EDUCATION.
So far as I have been able to judge during the year 1888, there has been no improve-
ment over past years, and, if anything, I think the tendency has been a little down-
ward. European teachers get sick of£n and haVe to go away for their health, and the
native teachers are too easily satisfied and content to let thinj^ jog along in the easiest
manner with plenty of memorizing and singing of hymns, which suits the children and
is easy for the teacher. The inspector of schools has made his round of examinations,
and I have no doubt he has learned by experience that to make any great reform is any-
thing but an easy task. All the schools of 1887 have been in regular session during
1888.
POPULATION AND SANITARY CONDITION. ^
We have had no census since 1881, and so we do not know anything regarding the in-
crease or decrease of population, but I should judge there is no great change, excepting
it may be many aborigines from the interior temporarily residing in town, called hither
by the large amount of work being done by the Imperial Government.
Sanitary conditions seem to receive little or no attention, as there is no officer whose
business it is to look after this department. The nominal sanitary inspector is kept in
the interior most of the time, until he gets sick, and then has to be sent away to Eng-
land to save his life. This has been the case regularly in 1887 and 1888. and now, De-
cember 31, he is still absent in England, having been sent away ill. The health of the
place, however, during the past year has been as good as any average year, nothing out
of the usual having transpired.
The rain-fall has been 144 inches, as compared with 154 inches last year.
During the latter part of the year Governor Sir Samuel Rowe left for England ill, and
only reached Madeira, where he died Septeinl)er 28.
Capt James Shaw Hay, formerly administrator at the Gambia, has now been appointed
governor of Sierra Loone. Gambia no longer forms part of this colony, as it has recently
been detached and is now independent of Sierra Leone, reporting directly to the home
government.
• AFRICA — SIERRA LEONE.
11
GARRISON AND FOKTIFItJATIUN.
The Firsfc West India Regiment, which has been here now for the last three years, was
relieved in December of this year by the Second West India liegiment, which regiment
will liow remain here for the next three years.
As recorded in my last report, the Imperial Government is still working on the for-
tifications. No gans have yet beeo sent out. I am now informed that work has already
l»eon begun on new barracks for a regiment of white troops which it is said will be sent
out to man the fortifications when fully completed and gnus mounted.
TKLEMKAPH, ETC.
The two companies reported in my last have during the year consolidated, at least in
their working arrangements, as there is now at the close of the year but one office and
one set of men; this, I belicTe, being found necessary to reduce expenses of operating.
The African Direct is the one now here, and business goes on the same as usual; the rate
per word to the United States being $1.68.
OENSRAL TRADE, ETC.
•
As recorded before, there seems to be nothing new or of an encouraging nature. There
is general complaint of hard times and dull trade, owing principally to the unsettled
condition of the interior and low price of African produce in the European market.
Besnlts of the war remain. L^ rice is planteil. What little farming the natives
did was destroyed, and they are slow to cultivate more, as that, too, might be despoiled.
The price of some produce seems to be improving, such as palm oil and palm kernels.
The credit system here has been and is a great drawback, as qiany adventurers em-
bark in trade who have nothing to lose and everything to gain. All kinds of business
is largely overdone.
There are now five houses doing Aml^rican trade where there were only two in 1878.
There does not, nevt;rtheless, seem to be any chance for profit, and there is no gain or
increase in the sum total of American trade.
Tosam up, this has been rather a quiet and uneventful year. The European mer-
chants seem to be somewhat discouraged, for this place has so bad a reputation for health
that nnless business is good and a chance to make money it hardly pays Europeans to
live here.
There are very few improvements made by the colonial government on account, it is
said, of *'no fands." The *'chest'' is always reported empty, although, as will be seen
by the inclosed table, the customs revenue alone amounts to £51,229.
We are always looking for better trade and brighter prospects, which we hope to be
able to note in another twelve months.
JuDSON A. Lewis,
Consul.
United States Consulate,
Sierra Leone, January 22, 18S9.
Imports into Sierra Leone during the year 1888.
Articles.
Ale ami porter, Ij. per dozen dozen...
GaD«,2«.6c< nutnber...
(jtins. i« do
Oun9,5i do
Guns, 10« do
Ciuns, 3n!c„ do
Gunpowder pounds...
Cartritlices number .
Hardware
Lumber fe<'t..
Salt tons...
Suf Rr :
Brown tons.
White do. ..
Cordifih Ktilloni.
Brandy .* „ do. ..
Value.
£ a. d.
2,407 in 1
470 15 5
2,443 18 8
15 12 6
9.851 12 6
3,456 II 8
7,032 12 7
1,678 14 11
1,293 18 10
346 5 10
606 15 11
Duty paid.
£ «. cl.
857 10 0
124 17 6
29 12 0
5 0
2 0 0
3 0 0
491 17 5
4 2 6
1,395 3 2
281 7 10
782 9 3
545 14 8
533 18 5
94 1 10
111 17 5
12
COMMEKCIAL RELATIONS.
Imports into Sierra Ijeone during the year 1888 — ContiDaecl.
Artioles.
Geneva gallons..
Rum... do
Wh{tikye(a< do
Tobacco, man ufaotured » pounds..
Tobacco, unraanufactured do
Wlne,exQeiH claret S^Hons..
Wine, olaret do
Oil, kerosene
TotaU X.
Liable to ;id %'a1orem duty :
Cotton goods .». packages...
Woolen goods do
Haberdashery do
Outlery
Bread cwt...
Flour do
Rice, Europisan and American do
Other articles.....
Total.
Quantity.
44,789
114,266
18,437
3,531
060,434
4,300
11,197
4,683
220
1,896
1,039
2,865
5,.%3
8.122
Value.
£ «.
7,879 11
10,971
2,527
649
15,336
2,427 19
1,249 11
4
0
0
10
d.
1
0
3
4
2
5
5
8,376 15 10
78,582 6 6
Duty paid.
£ s.
4,478 18
11,426 12
1,843 16
853 1
9.385 19
814 5
376 19
d.
6
6
0
5
8
3
8
2,490 18*5
84,425 8 5
88,714 12
4, 185 10
14,706 12
2,025 8
2, 101 13
5,849 1
1,602 10
58,159 8
8
8
6
1
6
9
8
6
177,194 18 3
8.268 1« 7 '
Note.— In the above account some articles do not pay duty.
Exports from Sierra I Atone ^ring the year 1888.
Articles.
Native products :
Benniseed owt...
Cola nuts do
Ground nuts do
Gum copal „», •••••• do......
Dry hides do"
Palm oil.. » gallons...
Palm kernels cwt...
Ginger a do
Rubber «.. do
Rice, African bushels...
Total
European products :
Cotton packages...
Guns do
Gunpowder ....pounds...
Hardware cwt...
Spirits gallons...
Tobacco pounds...
Specie packages...
Other articles «
Total
Quantity.
6,073
7,207
140
5,681
43,678
262,903
276,406
15,808
11,302
20,997
2,806
4,565
157,620
2,148
91,194
966,633
114
Value.
£
1.803
23.940
61
12,886
8,667
12,285
97,185
8,516
66.445
3,854
f.d.
3 9
8 10
0
5
19
14
18
1
14
11
5
8
7
2
8 U
8 8
235,696 8 11
85,084 13
1.623 12
705 14
8
6
3
2,491 12 10
6,090
9,135
24,117
4
2
S.
26,200 10
6
9
7
2
105,298 14 3
Tirade between Sierra Leone and the United States,
Year.
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
Imports from
the United
States.
$231,526
220,076
187,003
236,283
175.141
Exports to
the United
SUtes.
Sin.a'H
182,257
168,264
2:».469
190,783
Year.
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
Imports ftrom
the United
Stotes.
f206,08l
239,207
190,831
171,837
148,746
Exports to
the United
Statea.
•232,240
259.620
202,614
150,645
76,854
o^^
AFRICA SIKKRA LEONE.
13
Selwrn shinoiiig the aggregate tonnage of ships entering the port of Sierra Leone during the
years 1885 to 1888.
Quarter.
January (o March... %
April loJune
July to September
October to December
Total
1885.
1886.
1887.
57,834
56,524
51,689
53,888
49,261
56,287
61,225
66,769
48,592
47,828
50,573
58,386
219,935
222.642
206,879
1888.
62,553
64,406
77. GM
72,419
277,011
Jfrieau produce exported to ihe United States direct from Sierra Ij€one,for the gear ended
December 31, 1888, as shoum by invoices on file.
Articles.
Animnis number.
Bafca, empty .....do....
l.!kiuwooa tons.
Charges
Coffee .........pounds.
Gincrer do....
Hannonlam .....number.
Hides .^do....
Horns do....
Quantity.
233
8,146
25
180
1,045,061
1
- 39,791
8,074
Value.
$378.60
452. 16
972. 13
413.99
14.40
26,016. 2U
. 24.00
45,844.92
78.84
Articles.
Ivory pounds...
Mais number...
Pepper pounds...
Rubber „...do
Safe returned
Wax pounds...
Total
Quantity.
367i
480
81,851
6,394
391
Value.
1568.56
4.3. 20
1J<I0.60
1,335. GO
62.64
76,854.254
There is a Very large falling off in exports for 1888.
List of American vessels arriving and departing from Sierra Leone during 1888.
Vessel.
Belmont
Monrovia
Solitaire
Liberia..
Sullivan..
Chas. A. Sparks
Liberia
Arlinfcton
Rebecca Goddard...
Liberia
St. Croix
Monrovia >
Liberia
White Cload
Total
Itig.
ok. •••.
Bk
Sch....
Bk
Brig-
Brig..
Bk.....
BIc..
Bk..
Sch.
Bk..
Bk..
Bk..
From —
Boston
Monrovia
Boston
Now York ....
Satilla River.
Boston
Monrovia
Boston
Boston
New York ....
Boston
New York ....
Monrovia
Boston
To—
Boston
New York .
Leeward .....
leeward .....
St. Thomas.
Barbadoes..
New York .
Trinidad
Accra
Monrovia ..
Boston
Monrovia ..
New York .
Value in-
ward.
928,255.22
6,700.65
8,789.52
27.709.58
3,900.00
6,420.10
5, 742. 29
13,638.43
Value out-
ward.
923,616.30^
9,868.74
6.027.70
13,946.39
96.155.85
66,682.97^
KoTE.— Total arrivals, 14; departures, 13. Norwegian bark MobU srrived in April from New
York with cargo valued at 824,269.44, and retu rned with African product, 820,171 .28. The steamer Cvimr
hrian (English) arrived twice during the year from Boston witli enri>:o valu«*d at 828,320; all this in
addit ion to the above table. Total imports from Un ited States, $148,745.29 ; total exports to the Uni-
ted SUtoa. 976.854.261.
Customs revenue of Sierra Leone for the year 1888.
Items of revenue.
Imports
Exports
Light ...
Harbor.
Auction
Amount.
1
£
9.
d.
43,742
9
6
137
15
11
1,494
4
0
5«i
17
6
.1
17
6
Items of revenue.
Wnrrhonse rent
Treble siied rent
Wharfage
Total
Amount.
£ «. d.
1,279 4 6
a'S 0 8
3.942 18 7
51,229 8 2
14
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
7b/a/ imfiorU and exporU of Sierra Leone as shmtn by eusfoms reports.
Year.
1*79..
I SSI)..
1881..
188i..
18S3..
Importa.
£1,825,868
2.242,829
1,(172,326
1,178,254
1,186,065
Export*.
£l,3d?,186
1.425,822
], 756,136
1,594,025
3,123,390
Year.
Importa.
1885
1886
1887
1888
• £2,063,649
1,429.085
1,191,468
1,484,296
:, 208, 730
Exports.
£1,151.46$
1,543,856
1,637,852
1,529,236
1,131,064'
y
Return showing rainrfalL
Period.
1883.
January to March
April to Judo
Jiiljr to September
October to l>ecember
ToUl
Inches.
1.47
27.:5G
92.31
21. SI
1884.
Inchen.
0.67
42.57
83.08
19.58
143. IS ; 145. 90
1886.
JneheM.
1.88
22.93
99.85
17.12
1886.
Inches.
0.19
39.97
148.03
29.25
141.78 217.44
1887.
Indtea.
5.20
34.70
87.00
27.78
154.74
1888.
Indies,
3.71
80.93
87.53
21. 8£
143.99
Return of births and deaths which luive been registered in Freetown and districts for gear end-
ing December 31, 1888.
District
Births.
Deaths.
Males.
Females.
Total.
550
111
192
184
198
87
31
Males.
Females.
Total.
Freetown
First £astern , J
290
59
98
91
117
3*.)
13
260
52
94
Ml
48
18
290
68
100
69
77
30
29
241
61
99
72
57
38
9
631
129
Second Rastern
199
Mountain
Western
141
134
Isles de Los
68
Sherbro
38
Total
707
646
1,353
663
677
1,240
Note.— No report for December in Second Eastern district.
NORTH AMERICA.
DOMINION OF CANADA.
PBOVIirCE OF OHTABIO.
FORT BRIE.
REPORT BY COmUL WBELAN,
A% lias been stated in former reports, the attention of the people of this consular dis-
trict is mainly directed to agrieultare and the raising of live-stock; and the manufactur-
ing interests are bat of little consequence.
The early spring of 1888 was dry, cold, and frosty, and vegetation was backward, the
eeasoh bein% two or three weeks later than that of 1887. The mote advanced spring and
early summer were very dry, and the rain-fall was much less than the average for the six
preceding years. On the whole, the outlook for the grain and hay crops was unfavorable,
and not very promisipg for cattle and their produce.
AREA.
The total assessed rural area of the Province of Ontario for 1888 was something over
22,000,000 acres. The total area m crops was 8,000,000 acres, besides 2,535,600 acres
of cleared land used as pasturage. The wheat and hay crops seem to have suffered most
from the early drought and unpropitious weather of April, May, and June.
CROPS.
Though wheat falls far short of the average crop in quantity, still the ripenins; and
harvesting season was so favorable that the quality is good, being plump and hard and
up to the standard weight. Hay was not much more than half an average crop, and
the scarcity is greatly felt throughout the country. Barley was a fairly good crop both
as to quantity and quality, and although rain set in belbre the crop could be housed or
protected, causing more or less discoloration, yet one-half of the barley is of bright and
excellent sample.
The following comparative tables show the acreage of the principal crops, the total
yield, and the yield per acre for the years 1888 and 1887, and the average for six and
seven years.
•
Crops.
Aiea.
Qoantiiy.
Aver-
age
per
acre.
Crops.
Area.
Quantity.
Aver-
age
per
aore.
Fall wheat :
1888
Acres,
826,637
•> 897, 743
966,292
367,850
Bushels.
13,830,787
14,440,611
19,603,301
6,453,559
6,633.117
9,n3,879
Bush.
16.7
16.1
20.2
17.5
11.6
16. $
Barley :
1888
. 1887
Acres.
896,432
767,846
73^540
1.849.868
1.682,463
1,522,622
Bushels.
23,366,569
17,134,838
19,166,413
66,466,911
49,848,101
54,419,177
BusK
26.1
J9a «
22.3
1882-1887 ..........
1882-1887
26.1
3prin]f wheat :
1888
Oats:
1888
35.4
1887
1882-1887.,
' 484,821
1 626, 1(H
1887
1882-1887..
29.6
35.7
15
16
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Cropa.
Rye:
1888
1887 :
lh83-1887
Pwiae:
1H88
♦ 1887
1882-1887
BeATiA:
1888
1887
1882-1887
IlRy and clover:
1888
1887
Corn (in ear) :
1888.„
1882-1888. ,
A reft.
Acre*.
M,087
68,362
115.206
696, 6S3
726.756
62.%207
22,700
20,"'276
22,138
2.292,688
2,280,643
2.202,852
222,071
163,893
182, 0»l
Quantity.
Bushett,
1,295,902
«M,887
1.700,115
14,269,863
12,173,332
12,932,450
53 1, 526
275,975
461,313
Tons.
2,009,017
3,093,610
8.096,547
Bushela.
17,436,780
8,404,762
12,290,797
Aver-
ftaro
per
acre
Buah.
15.4
13 1
14.8
20.5
16.8
20.7
23.5
13.6
20.4
7ott«.
0.88
1.36
1.41
Bush,
78.2
51.3
67.5
Crops.
Buckwheat:
XI10H.M ••••••••■•*
1887
1882-1888
Potatoes:
1888
1887 ......
1882-1888
Mansel'wursela
1888...
1887
1882-1888
Carrots:
1888...
1887
1882=1888
Turnips:
188a
1887...
1882-1888
Area.
Aerts.
57,528
64,143
61,685
153.916
140,283
155,766
21,459
17,024
17,-906
11,524
9,110
10,162
113,188
106,322
100, 171
Quantity.
Bushels.
1,222,283
1,025,353
1,367,427
22,273,607
10,678,000
18,919,185
10.020,659
5.696.761
7,826,216
3,898,584
,106,686
3.590,993
45,466,183
31,413.456
39,246,211
Aver-
per
acfe.
Bush,
21.2
16.0
22.2
144.7
76.1
12L.5
467.0
317.8
437. 1
338.3
231.1
853.4
401.7
29S.2
391.8
LIVE-STOCK.
Owing to the fail are of the hay crop and the scarcity of fodder in general, farmers have
parted with much of their stock, and prices are down.
Tlie number of horses in the province is 596,218, some 21,000 more than in 1887.
Milch cows have increased by 33,238, althoagh the namber of all kinds of cattle is
20,000 less than in 1887.
WOOL CUP.
The total wool clip for 1888 was 4,691,027 poands, some 40,000 ponnds more than in
1887, notwithstanding the fact that sheep had decreased 50,000 in number.
THE WFXLAND CANAL.
The aqnednct and the enlargement and improvements on the Welland Canal are
now fnlly complete, and along the whole length of the main line, from Port Ck>lbometo
Port DalhoQsie, a depth of 14 feet of water is afforded. Between Port Dailhonsie and
A'lanbui^gh, a distance of 11} miles, there are now two distinct lines of canal, the old
line and the new or enlarged line. From Allan bnrgh to Port Ck>lborne, 15 miles, there
is but one channel, the old canal enlarged and improved. On the enlarged canal there
are twenty-six locks, 45 by 270 feet each. The Welland has one entrance from Lake
Ontario, at Port Dalhousie, serving for both new and old canals, and two from Lake
Erie, one for the main line at Port Colbome, and one at Port Maitland, 18 miles farther
up the lake, for the feeder. The feeder is 21 miles in length, has two locks, and a depth
of 9 feet of water.
FBBIOHT TRANSPORTED.
Appended is a statement of each article of freight transported on the Welland Canal
during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1888, verified by the Hon. Edward Miall, oom-
mif^sioner of inland revenue, and showing the quantities in separate columns, going op
(west) and down (east), together with the nationality of the ports of departure and of
destination, and the total freight, up and down, from what ports to what ports. Also
the number, nationality, and description of vessels, whether Canadian or United States,
steam or sail, and the amount of freight carried by each nationality and class.
NORTH AMERICA — CANADA.
17
Nufkber, tonnage, nathnaWy, and description of vessels f>assed enMicard throHtjh the WeUand
OoMol^ and quantity of freight^ in tons, thereby transported during (he season of 1868.
•
Description.
American.
Cnnadi»n,
AlciAni ............M«.< .........••• .«
No.
114
214
Tonn.
106,oi:j
60,216
No.
lUl
275
TO'K.
>«,7«2
Bail
86,4*^1
American.
Ves«els.
Freight.
Canadian.
Vessels.
Freight.
From United States to
United States:
No,
106
148
8
71
TonM.
122,432
97,997
!
6,611
43,800
Prom Canada to Canada :
Sieaiu ,
No.
58
79
7
22
126
174
Toa4i.
33.f)24
Stfam...... .• «
Sail
43,445
Sail
From Canada to U n i ted
States :
St*am
Sail
From United States toCan-
ada:
Steam ~
2,955
14.590
Sail.^
From Canada to United
States:
From UnitedStHtes to Can-
adn:
Steam
77.315
Steam
Sail
87,041
21 {1
«
Nationality, description, and nnmber of vessels passed loestward through the Wefland Canal
during the season of 1888, and the amount of freight thereby transported.
Vessels:
Oanadtan •. No... 4as
United States do 326
Steiim « do 319
Sail do 475
Ft«ight tons... 270,404
JFV-om what ports to whai ports, with number and tonnage.
Ports.
United States to-
United States-
Canadian
Oanadian to —
Canadian
United States..
Tonnage.
172,899
16,200
40,8 5
114, G68
Comparative statement of property passed through the Welland Canal up and down during
the fiscal years ended June 30, 1885, 1886, 1887, and 1888.
•
1885.
1886.
1887.
1888.
•
ProDertT od..... ••••••
7bn».
&32,364
494,597
Tons.
314.936
599,542
7bn«.
262,978
561,984
Tons.
273,484
Property down
553,816
X OUftl ••••••••«••••• •««••#••«« ■*• •«•••■•••• ■••••• ■••••■•••#••••••••• ••••••■• •••■••
826,961
914,478
824,962
827,300
10611 O S 2
18
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Comparative sfatement of the quaniitt/ of barley^ corn, flour, oals, ami ichent pjiwed ensl dotrn
the Wdland Caml dariufj tike fiscal years ended June 30, 1885, 1886, 1887, and 1888, shouh
ingfrom tohaUporls to whalporLi,
1885.
Ganadian Uy-^ Tom,
Canadian.. I 25,227
United States 11*9
United States to—
United States i 110,810
Canadian ^..1 137,857
Total ' 274,093
1886.
Tons,
32,«20
423
188,256
161,5%
332.205
1887.
Tons.
30,485
147,235
162.266
339,086
1888.
Tons.
54,469
166,043
163, 451
383. 0C3
IMPORTS AND KX POSTS.
The imports from the United States to this port for the year 1888 fell some $30,000
short of those of the previous year. The lullinj; away seems to have been chiefly
in fresh oysters, of which $26,000 worth mon^ was sent here in 1887 than in 1888.
The value of imported free goods was $i5,000 more than in 1887, the increase being
mainly in anthracite coaL •
ADDITIONS TO THE FBEE LIST.
From the 4th of April last the following articles have been on the free list:
Fruit, green, viz: Apples, bananas, cherries, olives, peaches, pine-apples, plums, quinces,
apricots, mangoes, plantains, pomegranates, blackt>errics, cranberries, gooseberries, rasp-
berries, and strawberries. Trees, shrubs, and plants, viz: Apple, cherry, peach, pear,
plnm, quince, and all other Irnit trees and stock of same; also blackberry, curreut,
gooseberry, raspberry, and rose bushes; grape and strawberry vines; shade, lawn, and
ornamental trees, shrubs, and plants. Seeds, ^z: Canary, clover, and t;rias, cliia,cotton,
flower, jute, sesame, sugar- beet, sugar-cane, and seeds of frait and forest trees.
VALUE OF IMPOSTS.
The total value of imports from the United States for the year ended December 31,
1888, was $813,510, of which $60,074 worth y?ere free goods, as follows:
Coal, anthracite $35,722
Settlers* ell'ects 22,499
Trees and green fruit 1,214
Steel rails 1,079
Miscellaneous... 160
Total 60,674
The principal dutiable goods were:
Coal, bituminous , 9649.207
Oysters 25,(547
Oil 23,075
Barrelsand manufHCturesof wood 11.G56
Manufactures of iron and steel 11,020
Drugs and chemicals 6.972
Glass and manufactures of ,. , 3,268
Comparative statement of the vnJue of importfi from the United States to Fort Erie, and amount
of duty collected thereon, for Vie four years ended December 31, 1888.
Year.
Free.
Dutiable.
-
Duty.
1885
1
S54,270
9341,086
518.386
809, 5r6
752,836
$71,389
1886
j 14,972
110.613
1887
175.080
1883
j 60,674
156,514
«
•
NOBXrf AMEKICA — CANADA.
19
Exports to ike United Stales from Fort E>iefor the year ended December 31, 1888.
Prodaoe of the —
Miaes »2l,457
Fiaheriea « a0,739
Forest ^ ^ 143,4()2
Animals and their produce 1,435,921
Agrtciiltural products , 831,136
Msnufaciures 100,083
Miscellaneous ^ 408
Total ^ 2,553,096
Comparative atatetnenl of exports to tlie United States from this port for the four years ending
December 31, 1888. .
Description.
Aniooal, agricultural, and all other products.
Do
Do
Do
Value.
$2,067,017
2.578,988
2,753,543
2,553,096
KMIG ATION TO UNITED STATES.
Daring tbe year 1888 tbirty-two families, bringing witb tbem tbeir boasebold goods
and personal effects, mdved«trom this consular district into the United States. As to
tbofie moTing withoat such goods or effects we have no record.
«
Value of declared exports from the consular district of Fort Erie to the United States during
the year ended December 31, 1888.
Articles.
Ashes
Apples
Butter
Breeding: animals
BArley
Beans
CaUle
CloTer and timothy seed
y^KPi •
Horses
Ilousebold and personal effects.
Value.
I1.6S0
8,201
1.157
5,869
45,568
2,783
15,081
1,590
4.415
28,923
5.150
Articles.
Hides, skins, and furs
Hay
Horses for exhibition..
J.umber
I*ea8 ^
Sheep and laml>8 .T!
Timber
Miscellaneous
Value.
18,064
2,518
7,925
100,886
17,982
8,313
77,031
2,939
Total ' 315,988
Consulate of the United States,
Fort Erie, OtUario, March 1, 1889.
James Wuelan,
ConsuL
Qaantity {in ions) of each article transported on the Wetland Canal during iJie fiscal year
ended June 30, 1888.
Articles.
Prom Canadian
to Canadian
ports.
From Canadian
to United
States purts.
From United
States to United
States ports.
From United
States to
Canadian ports.
Total.
West.
East.
•
West.
East.
West
East.
Vest.
East.
Ashes, not and nearl
«.
5
765
80
27
85
Apples
792
Agricultural products
not enumerated :
Vegetable
Animal
•■•••««»■••
33
. 3
8,200
616
1
<K$0
3
Barley
251
44
23
1,709
10,183
Bricks.
418
462
Brimstone
40
466
70
120,760
40
Oeraent and watorlfme..
917
'i'.'oii)
127
2,432
day. lime, and sitnd
""705
50
902
Coal
762*
"31,835
*29,"2iio
182, lft7
2D
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
QttanUftf (in totu) of each article transported on the Wetland Canal — ContiDued.
AHlclcB.
From Canadian
to Canadian
porta.
From Canadian
to United
States ports.
From United
States to United
States ports.
From United
States to
Canadian porta.
ToCali
-
West
East.
West.
East.
West.
East
West.
East.
Corn
'
S9.898
48,288
138. 181
3
Cattle -
8
103
. ■••».••'•.••
Crcxskery and eartlien-
vare „
53
• t
9
4
......
4
160
Dye- wood and dye-stuns
Fiali
4
9U
531
2
U,540
23
•
628
Flour ^
U,273
3
205
44
8
22,866
68
Kurnifcure_
'12
12"
17
1
OvLMum..
280
m
Glass (all kinds)
29
8
......
8
52
H«v (Drpfme^n ».,..r..
'io
7
^••■••••■•b«
1
20
Horses
1
8
2
15
1
162
2
14
Hides and skins, hums
and hoofs '.
164
Iron:
Railway
155
21
1,851
1,240
5.7
103
13,366
1,410
1.025
7
1,593
All other a...
352
3,172
2.309
5,485
16,675
61
Iron ore
I^Ard and lArd-<iil
11
12,.3<V1
* 17
50
69
89
3(enl,all kinds
2
5
36
134
77
12,651
Ments. other than oork..
92
Marble
2.a>.s
077
999
2,858
679
Blnniifi
1
1
• 2
259
Molasses
••• •••••••• •■•
«
• • ■.«•*••.• «•.
1,001
494
Nails .*....
235
Oats
119
14
17
54
22,731
9
210"
176'
22,85C
701
Oil (in barrcln)
Oil-cake
73
21
202
17
Peus .M
5-1
Potatoes
66
'23'
1
1
66
Pork
151
119
5^1
821
priint
23
797
5
843
Pitch and tar
6
Rn<y» ,
52
14
90
Ilosin
2
223
.,,,1
2
Salt
4,073
14
77
• ■ »^v •••*«••■■
4,1.37
602
14
4,310
Stone:
Intended for cut t ins
1.098
5,314
Wrought
602
Not suitable for cut-
ting, un\vrout;:ht
Reeds, all kinds..
1,013
75
24
9S4
3
58
199
1
9,907
49
120
4,0.11
9,92)
9
11,025
46
133
Soda ash
8
420
455
33
1.113
Steel
4,457
fiugrar
Hpirlts. beer.eto.
4
16
16
91
10,453
93
441
Totiacoo (raw)
1
'I'nllovr
2
732
734
Tin
207
I
10,4'<3
12
7
4
803
1,706
1
1,973
Turpentine...
2
Wheat
48,077
40,165
115, 124
208,798
White-lead
2
14
Whilinir.
270
277
Wool
80
887
33
84
All other goods and
merchandise not
enumerated
393
57
16,818
2,721
1,500
7,159
731
23,999
6
170
70
26^988
Barrels, empty
96
256
Firewood, in vessels
2,802
3,349
?
19,620
Lumlter. sawn, in vesAels
12.023
123
2,918
t«4B«««* •••«••
24,272
4,314
46,679
Railway ties, in vessels...
973
770
2,696
Baw-l(Mrs
245
18
104
1,049
11,092
Staves and headings :
Barrel
18
Pipe
104
West India
^
1,049
Shlnarles
29
6,963
2.538
85
»•••••«•• •••
6
35
Timbier, square:
In vessels
82,019
37,982
In rafts
179
2,717
Wooaen ware and wood
iinrtlv manufactured...
497
4
204,872
49
635
Total freiirht
23,755
96,360
31,832
10,190
182,683
82,214
237,394
827,800
NORTH AMERICA — CANADA.
21
Nuntber and tonnage of vessels passing through the WeUand Canal during the fiscal year
ended June 30, 1888.
Description.
m
No.
From Canadian From Canadian
to Canadian to United
ports. States ports.
From United
Stated to United
States ports.
From United
SUtesto
Canadian ports.
Total.
West.
Bast.
West.
Bast.
West.
«
East
West.
East.
Crin:)d{nn vessels:
Sieitin
813
1,224
69,919
51,128
58,704
M,881
48,281
52,019
2,729
5,774
302
8,248
19.706
64,761
66,971
242,944
246,579
•Sail
Total ..-
2,037
Ul,047
109,585
100,300
8,503
302
27,954
131,732
3,726
13,512
489,52:)
US. vessels:
StOiini
904
388
127
532
78
360
1,639
3.130
482
1.127
100,227
51,676
97,442
42.8U6
459
4G8
2ftl im
Sjiil
113,731
Total
692
659
438
4,769
1,609
151,903
140,338
«87
17,268
317,911
GUETjPH.
RSPOBT BY CONSUL CfflLDS.
I^ECLABBD BXPOBT BRTURN.
Declared value of exports from the consular distHct of Guplph to the United Slates during tite
four quarters of the year ended June 30, 1888.
Articles.
> •■••••• I ••«
Animals for breeding purposes
Ashes
Barley
Bran..
Cabinet orjcans
Cattle and calves
Efnjs
Pish
Hides and skins ..
Hones
Household goods
liambs and sheep
Lumber
Malt
Peas
Split peas ......
Tow
Turnips
Sundries
Total in United States
firold
Total for preceding year..
Increase ..«««.
Sept. 80,
1887.
«5,767.00
1,787.00
10,610.50
2,508.00
17,600.00
27,^88.86
91,674.10
550.00
8,912.80
1,590.00
8,679.15
117,126.48
8,591.63
6, 878. 27
500.00
5,759.25
6,283.20
6.418.78
S317.650.01
238,554.26
Quarter ending —
Dec 31,
1887.
$5,916.48
1,618.68
258,771.77
552.00
115.00
26.376.75
126,978.50
4,908.14
3,249.25
3.872.50
6, 721. 99
77,356.25
4,217.25
3,285.40
5,790.00
11,590.06
7,619.24
6,918.79
554,388.'4
419,105.22
March 31,
1888.
93,733.50
1,657.41
57,749.89
289.80
96.00
464.00
2,047.60
539.00
3.231.25
19,936.50
8,613.00
1,629.25
3, 157. 18
1.895.00
6,340.82
12,829.95
1,848.00
7, 133. 84
3,623.56
135,815.55
283,972.57
June 30.
1888.
$11,185.00
1,008.70
5,880.00
1.592.00
227,00
6,242.50
41,608.00
346.90
13,638.00
4,209.50
328.50
2,901.14
2,812.00
4,526.58
8,6U.55
3,445.80
399.55
6,009^93
115.032.65
148,791.12
Total for
the year.
926,601.98
6,C71.79
333,012.16
4,936.80
18,038.00
60, 372. 10
262,308.20
5,997.14
10,770.20
38,537.00
27,228.&l
196,440.48
13,867.20
13,900.67
16, 157. 40
38,820.80
11,577.00
15, 152. 63
23,001.06
1,122,786.25
1,040,423.17
82,363.08
United States Consulate,
. Giulph, June 30, 1888.
James U. Childs, Consul.
22 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
MORUISBUKG.
BEPORT BY COMMERCIAL AGENT LETSHMAN.
t
AORICULTUBAL.
Hay, barley, oats, and wheat are the principal products of the soli in thiscoDsolar dis-
trict. The past season has been lavorable. and crops of all kinds have been abundant.
Hay and early grain were harvested without injury, but late grain was considerably dam-
aged by continual wet weather. Hay bein.i^ a light crop and the price high in some sec-
tions of the Dominion, very little if any of the surpldN here will be exported to the
United States, but will be shipped to other points in Canada.
INDUSTRIES.
The corporation of the village of Morrisbnrg has granted a bonus of $25,000 to a com-
pany, for the constrnctioo of a paper mill to be erected on the Imnk of the WilUiamsborg
Canal oppasite Morrisbnrg. The company is to be known as the St. I^wrence Paper
Company, and will manul'acture all grades of writing-papers. Its capacity is to equal
the Toronto Paper Manufacturing Company, of Cornwall, Ontario, which averages four
and one-half tons daily. If right of water-power is granted by the Canadian gf>vern-
ment the work of construction is to commence the Ist day of June of this year, and be ^
completed in one year from that time. This village is furnished with Hawley's system
of water-works and an electric fire-alarm, both of which have been completed recently.
RAILROADS.
The Qrand Trunk Company has commenced laying through this district a new track
for the purpose of making the Grand Trunk a double-track railroad. Notice has been
given that an application will be made at the next session of the Canadian Parliament
for a charter to incorporate the Ottawa, Morrisbnrg and New York Railroad and Bridge
Company. This line is intended to run in a southerly direction from Ottawa to New
York City, bridging the St. Lawrence River from Morrisburg to a point in the State of
New York near Waddiugton. Application was made for the same charter at the last
session o( Parliament but after pushing the House of Commons was defeated by the
Senate.
CAi^ALS.
The construction of the new lock at the head of Williamsburg Canal is now practically
completed. The dimensions of this lock are 270 feet between gates, 45 feet wide at the
bottom and 46|^ feeton top. There will be a depth of 14 feet on sill at the lowest known
water and ordinarily 16 to 18 feet. The break in the Cornwall Canal is now very sub-
stantially repaired.
EMIGRATION.
One hundred and twenty-nine persons, many of whom had families, emigrated fron: .
this consular district to the United States during the past year.
SuLLAU Lkikiiman, Commercial Agent.
United States Commercial Agency,
Morrisburg, Ontario, January 29, 1CS9.
NORTH AMERICA— CANADA.
23
Declared cxpodn from tJte Morrishurg consular district to the United Statfs for the year
1888.
A nicies.
Ashfls
Barley.^ .«.
Bricks »
Canned fruit
Cattle
(.V>rd-wood
Cotton'\vaj»te
I^S«
Fowls
Jlay
Hides
Hones .*...
Household and personal effectA
lMm\)er ,....
Miscellaneous
Amount.
$107.25
1,6.7.59
310.00
10.06
512.52
225.00
608.41
211,196.87
761.36
15,377.97
4,808.30
86,077.14
23,045.00
3,292.65
252.83
Articles.
Oats
Potatoes ,
Poultry
I^ailroad ties ,
Sheep and lambs ,
Stiifl'ed birds
Swine
Tan bark ^
Wool (. :
ToUl
Machinery returned for repairs
Returned American goods
Amount
SI23.08
4,445.20
2,521.20
1,796.20
25.893.20
5.00
7.00
M.CO
121. 40
383,229.22
960.15
360.50
OTTAWA.
Staitment showing the declared value of exports from the consulate of Ottawa, Ont^rio^ to the
United States during the four quarters of tfte year ended December 31, 1888.
Articles.
Animals, breeding
Box shoo kH
Bark, hemlock
Barley ^
Cattle
Circus and mena<>:erie
Doors anil moldings
Eggs.
Fence posts
Firewood
Furs, manufactured
Horses.
Hides
Lumber
I^th
Match blticks
Mi8Gel1i\i)c<>it.s
Paper w;i.«»te
Pickets..
Poultry, dressed
Polos, telegraph and hop.
Phosphate....
Shingles
Sheep and lamlts
Settlers' effecla
Ties, railway
For IWS.
For 183?.
• • ••••»«•••••••••«
Incrcn!»e.......
D«*creH«c
Net dccTeasc for 18Sf)
Quarters ending —
March 31.
S3. 305. 00
13, 662. 82
8, 860. 0-1
5,602.50
800.00
267.30
241.33
1,573.50
3,442.37
266.640.26
3,697.82
1,815.31
""l93.'63
1,421.00
2.952.00
1,687.70
9,121.00
12,271.45
June 30.
13,020.00
28,595.62
14,490.00
10,220.00
1,995.58
924.40
117.60
615.00
1,476.02
636,634.52
16,167.66
1,076.00
3,768.75
9,848.61
770.00
2,314.87
8,000.00
18,274.95
ar, 057. 99 7.V, 3f)0. .'.8
294,378.74 895.«:{l.5f)
42,679.25
137.521.1.2
September 30. December 31.
$1,300.00
43,678.00
5,295.00
18,800.00
4,319.22
397.50
2,680.00
1,550.00
783. 164. 25
17, .502. 15
1,004.50
4,883.08
4,112.94
482.60
7.080.35
8.357.01
1, 152. 05
12,370.00
2.650.65
915.779.30
1,114,106.01
198,326.71
S6,275.00
44,400.81
5,565.00
12,112.50
6,230.00
233.87
.52.02
60.75
235.00
955.00
2,123.43
613, 910. 47
10,228.86
2,633.50
388.11
6,138.60
21.265.88
96.00
7,883.90
625.30
20,370.69
8,120.00
1,779.23
770, 633. 8J
727, 210. 95
43,422.87
Total for
the year.
$13,
130,
84,
17.
16.
18,
6.
1.
5,
8,
2,300,
47,
2,
12,
19.
21,
1,
18,
I,
21.
37,
31.
900.00
5J37.25
210.00
715.00
450.00
800.00
800.00
548.67
641.22
419.68
235.00
823.50
591.82
349.50
596.49
080.50
600.64
388. 11
293.68
265.88
999.60
636.25
984.88
522.74
614.ro
976.28
2,7S1.7«0.69
3.031,077.20
249,746.51
United Statics Consul atr,
Ottawa^ January 2, 1889.
T. W. HOTCIIKISS, Consul.
21
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
ORENVILIiE.
S!'itnne»t allowing (he deeUi^ttl exporU at the consular agency at QrenviUCy OniariOf for Ike
arnhndtir year ending December 31, 1888.
Articles.
March
quarter,
1888.
June
quarter*
18881
September
quarter,
1888.
December
quarter,
1888.
Total.
A tiiiiiiil8. breddinor
»
1200.00
2,356.57
15.45
$200.00
l-lllSH .,
2,356.57
lli(li-8 «
$462.50
295.40
75,824.29
9.80
449.00'
ft6.95
524.90
Hay -.
I.iiiiiber
$1,024.01
661.95
1,319.44
IM.431.94
76,492.20
41,453.50
Ijith
9.80
.^fAtoll blookn
7,301.87
3,075.75
10.00
10,826.62
IVliKCellaiieotifl
100.00
1,175.00
iiaoo
Pulf), wbod
Positii
1,175.00
270.00
270.00
Hhinirles
2,627.73
225.00
8,iM4.72
3,627.72
2,405.00
Settlers' elTects •
710.00
1,120.00
1,916.50
aw.oo
7.788.00
Ties, railroad
18,649.22
Fflrrl888 .-«
For 1887
8,670.99
8,169.33
80,077.40
98,515.49
92,249.02
143,22^.02
53,908.71
50,992.47
239,906.31
301,002.31
Increase
2,916.34
Deoreftoe
4,498.34
18,538.00
50,976.00
Net decrease
71,096.00
•
Albx. Pridham, Oonaular Agent
United States Consulab Agency,
Orenville^ January 2, 1889.
PORT STANIiBY AND ST. THOMAS.
REPORT BY' CONSUL QUIQOLB,
The past year in this ooDSular district offered but few new featnrcs to note in oommer-
cial matters over the preceding one. The general business outlook, however, appeared
to show some little improvement over 1887, owins; to the crops being better, and the
prices of some kinds of agricultural produce higher, notably wheat.
BUSINESS DEPBBSSION.
The amount of freight handled by the railroads centering here showed a marked in-
crease, while some merchants claim that their sales have been larger and coUectiona
easier. But, notwithstanding all this, ft is quite evident that the business depression
of the last few years still continues in almost all branches of trade, and that the tendency
in the values of &rm and city properties is downward, if anything.
EXPOBTS.
The exports from this district to the United States for the calendar year ending Decem-
ber 31, 1888 (exclusive of the agency at Gourtwright), aggregated $62(j, 136.79, as per the
following exhibit, a decrease, as compared with 1887. of |24,779.44:
Articles.
Apples, green and dried
Barley
Beans and pease ^
Breeding animals
CaUle
Kafirs
Flax and tow
Hides i
Horses
Liiii)l>er.
Oil (petroleum) and pro<lncts.
Value.
rw,
34,
27,
15.
33,
14.
10,
32,
30,
13.
06.TOS
2lH.a5
a5<.(:o
296.22
966.59
•J-.»7.00
320.75
6*5.00
6'J3. 84
113.24
Articles.
Personal etTects of emigrants...^......
Ponltry
Potatoes and turnips
S.Tiip iron, steel, and brass......
Slieep and lambs
Staves, heading, hoops, bolta,and
sliooks
Wood
Miscellaneous. ..,
Total
Value.
137.471.40
8,88S.M
3,058.50
6.478.88
80,024.60
192.931.18
15,193.26
8,160.27
626,186.79
NOETH AMERICA CANADA.
25
The leading ifems of decrea^^e were apples, Iwrley, cattle, egf^s, horses, scrap-iron,
steel and brass, telein^pb poles and piling, wheat and wool; but there was a gain in
breeding animals, beans and pease, hides, lumber, oil, staves, heading, hoops, etc., lire-
wood, and sheep and lambs. .
Staves, hoops heading, ehooks, and bolts, formed nearly one-third of the total of ex-
porta, almost all of which was produced or came fh)m points along the line of the St.
Clair branch of the Michigan Central Railroad, which rnns from St. Thomas to Ck>urt>
Wright (or as i t is usually spelled, Courtright) 66 miles distanct. This section of Ontario
has still large tracts of land covered with fine timber suitable for cooperage material, and
it is not likely the industry will decline to any great extent for some years to come.
Tlie kinds of timber mostly used for this purpose are elm, ash, oak, and basswood.
The aggregate of exports of this comn}odity to the United States for each of the live
fiscal years ending with June 30, 1888. was as follows: $*210,341.29, $237,821.37, $193,-
365.65, $137,560.09, and $->04,897.06, an average of about $200,000 per year. The past
winter, owing to its exceptional mildness, was, up to the latter part of January, unfavor-
able for the stocking of stave and other mills, but at that time cold weather with good
sledding set in and continued about six weeks. The Inmbermen took advantage of it, pnt
on large forces of men and teams, and the stave mills are as well or better stocked with
logs than they were the winter before, and ^ large export of cooperage stock may be looked
for iirthe near future.
It will be observed that not a bnshel of wheat was exported to the United States from
this district in 1888, although this section of Ontario is noted for its fine wheat crops.
Some years ago the export of this cereal was considerable, but the amount has dwindled
antil it has ceased altogether. This is in a large measure due to the establishment of
roller-process flonring-mills which now consume nearly all of the home product.
The exports from the Conrtwright agency, within the jurisdiction of this consulate,
for 1888, are given in the following statement:
Articles.
Bmiarants* effects
Fish, freeh
Gmln. M...
Hidefe ,
U ve-stock . ..... ......
Valae.
S3, 307. CO
*i58. 46
14,69>.2-«
1U.71
9,870.20
Articles.
Milk
Timber and other forest products...
Miscellaneous
Tot^l
Value.
$878.68
11,311.10
123.00
42,6^.43
SHIPPING.
The movement of shipping (all British) at the several ports on Lake Erie, within my
jurisdiction, during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1888 (the latest statistics available),
is given in the following exhibit. There is no record of the arrivid or departure of any
vessel flying the United States flag:
•
Kind.
Arrived.
0
Dejtarted.
No.
Tons.
Grew.
No.
Tons.
Crew.
6t«am
84
10
685
856
216
66
84
19
689
948
214
Sail « ^
79
IMPOBTB.
The imports from the United States into the customs district of the port of St. Thomas
(which however is not co-extensive or as large as the consular district) are given in the
annexed exhibit. ' They show an increase of |48,404 over the preceding one:
Pot the qoarter ending—
March 31. 1888 » 184.772
June 30, 188S ; 91,993
September 90, IJW8 93,566
December 31, 1888 .T. 71,925
Total....... S12,346
RECAPITULATIOX.
Ooods exported to th© Unlt«d States for the venr ias<« ^ 9626,136.79
Goods Imported from the United Statetffor the year I8i3 342,246.00
Bxcees of exports 283,890.79
.♦
26
COMMERCIAL RKLATIONS.
TheamouDtof imports other than from the United States, and nearly all of which
wew from Great Britain, was but |66,«5y, showing total imports irom all conntries to
have been $408,905. The duties collected reached $74,605.34.
EMIGRATION.
Tlie number of eraigranta who departed from this district for the United States (ex-
clusive of those Irom Coartwright) during 1888, as shown by the records of the office,
was 515, a gain of 95 over the year 1887. A large proportion of these settled in the State
oi Michigan.
James C. Quigglb, Consul.
Consulate of the United States,
roiiStanlnjandSt, 'J hmnaa, iVarcA 29, 1889.
PROVINCE OF MA.NITOBA.
REPORT BY ajSSVL TAYLOR, Of' WINNIPEG.
IMPOKTS.
The foreign importatioas at the port of Winnipeg have been as follows for the last
three years:
Years.
188C. n. 460, 789
IH87 1,632,7%
Dutiable.
1888.
1,425,475
Free.
$33.1,584
304, U7C
254,019
Total.
«1, 791. 373
1,0*;.}$72
1,079,404
In the year ending June 30, 1883, at the height of the construction of the Canadian
Pacific Railway, the importation at tlie port of Winnipeg was $6,313,599. I anticipate
a gradual advance from the present depression, especially as there are indicatior.s of a
material increase in immigration.
The importations at the diU'erent ports of the Winnipeg consular district for the year
ending June 30, 1388, were distributed as follows:
Porta.
Dutiable.
Free.
Total.
WlniiiDeir
81.425,475
49. (!36
280,372
40,0«J2
$254,010
22,518
136,740
]6,1G2
Si, 679, 491
71 .'U»l
Kmerson
Port Arthur -
417,112
56 IfU
North went Territory
1,794,885
429.439
2,224,321
Of the dutiable articles entered at the port of Winnipeg $44,547 were from oilier
countries than the United States and (Jreat Britain, leaving an aggregate of $1,380,9*28,
distributed as follows:
Articles.
Ale and beer
AnimaiB :
Honied cattle
Horheif ,
Sheep .....
Swine
Other
Hiikhiiif powder
ItoolcH
Ih'iUM, niMnufnotiirr.M u.**
United Great
States. . Britain
« 1 2. 578
Articles.
93,486
Hrend.HttifT'a
Candlc'H
2,37.'^ i I Carriages..
•I. 770
2. -I'M
a")
21.071
2.:i.'i
• ■ ■•• • • a
United Great
Stales. Britain.
H
7.n.'>.i
2.:);>l
(Mockrt
Coal
('o.'Tte
t'oi'P*''', niMiHifriilurcs t>l
CoUon, ninniirac-turcs of I 3H.71<>
l>r4ijfT*. I'heinic'uls 7.i);ft»
I'jirtiiiMiwarc and china ' l.HJJI
|1,0<N>
1,503
4.980
2. 797
9, < < <
13.. '173
.11 M
1208
M
c:
3m
2;V.I
70, 201
l,9:j'(
7,118
NOUTII AMERICA — CANADA.
27
Articles.
Fancy goods.
Flah /.
Flax, man afsoiurea of^
Fruits, dried, and nuts.
Fruits, green
Purs, manufactures of
Qlass, manufactures of.
Gtold and silver, manufact-
ures of
Oanpowder and explosives
G utta-percha.man ufactures of..
Hats, caps, and bonnets
Iron, manufactures of
Steel, manufactures of
Jewelry
I.«ather, manufactures of.
Musical instruments
Oils:
Mineral
V^:etable snd other
United
Great
States.
Britain.
93,198
181.663
11,475
1,100
182
18,942
17,682
2,915
30.206
145
1,862
869
7,698
515
1,908
1,117
6,969
1,165
«S,9fi
2.126
10,826
8,844
136, a58
21,744
85,187
46,981
4,823
1,905
24,061
6,611
6,780
1,230 ;
11,804
8
8,708
•
226
Paints and colors
Paper, and manufactures of.
Soap
Spices
Spirits.
Wire.
Stone
Sugar
Tea
Tin, manufactures of
ToImcco, manufactures of«...
Twine ^
Vegetables
Watches and materials ,
Wood, including lumber
Wool, roanaractures of
Miscellaneous
United
States.
9914
12,250
916
779
8.333
422
746
2,854
664
5. 35d
19,737
12, 878
8,498
1,113
19,583
1,265
34,389
Great
Britain.
flSO
4,764
1,810
1,137
13.405
3,146
33
1.865
325
897
1,5S2
3.''1
]«
4,551
272,712
2,496
The datiable goods imported at WinoipeK from other oonntries than the United States
and Great Britain were aa follows: $9,410 window glass was from Belgiam, $1,973
woolen goods from Germany, and the bulk of the remaining $33,164 consisted of spirit^
and wines from France, Holland, Spain, Portugal, and Germany.
Of the item of provisions from the United States $101,132 of a total importation of
$152,181 was bacon and ham.
The dutiable importation at Port Arthur was $280,372, of which $273,945 was from
the Uaited States, including bituminous coal, $187,182; ore, $32,481; iron machinery,
$13,270; meats, $4,599, and lumber, $600.
Dutiable importations, mostly animals and emigrants' effects, were^$49.036 at Emersop,
and $40,002 at Forts McI.«od and Walsh, in the Northwest Territory, between Manitoba
and British Columbia.
CUSTOMS REVENUE.
The Canadian revenue has not materially increased, having been $680,151 in 1885,
$528,118 in 1886, $535,148 in 1887, and $555,137 in 1888 at the above ports of entry in
the Winnipeg consular district, the incidence of taxation not exceeding an average of 30
per cent, ad valorem.
FBEB IMPORTATIONS.
Of free importations at Winnipeg the leading items from the United States were:
Logs, $34,327; emigrants' effects, $31,054; horses, $14,8*25; green fruit, $3,755;
eggs, $1,764; trees and shrubs, $1,241; broom corn, $t,1G8. From Great Britain, tea,
$40,662: emigrants' eflects, $19,152; nets and seines, $6,534. From China, tea, $21,092.
From Japan, tea, $26,454. At Port Arthur $121,371 wasanthracite coal from the United
States. The free importations at Emerson were mostly animals and emigrants' effects.
EXPORTS.
The total foreign exportation from the port of Winnipeg for the year was $1,239,639,
of which $403,427 was to the United States, $835,944 to Great Britain, and $268 to other
countries.
The leading items to the United States were fresh fish, $84,703; salted fish, $10,5n0;
furs, undressed, $82,385; manufactured articles, mostly emigrants' effects, $60,818; wheat,
$80,508; potatoes, $42,326; hides, $10,654; horses, $7,778; barley, $9,193; seneca root,
$3,837.
Of the exportation to Great Britain $826,794, of a total of $835,944, were undressed
furs.
From the consular agencies of the Winnipeg district, exrept $7,200 silver ore to Great
Britain from Port Arthur, the exports have been altogether to the United States, ainomit-
ingat Port Arthur to $950,983, consistinp: of wheat, $5(54, 131 (sbippwl mosll.v inhoml lo
Qinada and Kngland); silver ore, $2a'<,<05; iron ore, $32,515; fL-h, fresh ami pie-orved,
$32,107; emigrants' effects, $15,600; barley, $10,607; brown sandstone, $G,19(>; and
miscellaneons, $1,220. At the Knierson agency the exports were. $55,085, entirely to
28
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
the United States, and consisting of potatoes, $2:t,83f> ; liorses, Tree, for breeding purposes,
$12,398; hidesand8heeppelU,H06B; silver ore, $3, 929 *, horses, dutiable, $2,437; snake
or seneca root, $2,437; barley, $688; emigrauU' effects, $522; and ressed furs. $230; xnis-
oellaneoas, $5,213. At the Wakopa agency, now at Killarney, the exports amounting
to $ll,4tf5, and consisting of animala and emigrants' effocts, were entirely to the United
States.
CANADIAN DOMESTIC TRADE.
The importation fVom Eastern Canada I continne to assnme, in the absence of official
retnms,* to be double the foreign importations, and as the latter, including dutiable
and free goods, were $2,224,324, the quantity entered from Eastern Canada may be
stated at $4,448,fM8. As the cereal crops of 1888 were greatly reduced by the concur-
rence of rust and ffost, which proved so disastrous in the hard spring- wheat districts of
Minnesota, Dakota, and Manitoba, the exportation of 1888 from Manitoba to Eastern
Canada was reduced more than one-half, and did not exceed 4,500,000 bushels of wheat
and flour expressed in bushels, but amounting, at an increased average price of 80 oents
per bushel, to $3,600,000. Shipments of barley, oats, fish, furs, ores, and other artiJea
have increased this amount to $4,000,000. The trade with British Columbia hasiiOt
materially increased since my last report, when imports of fish and lumber and exports
9f flour and provisions were estimated at $300,000.
AqgrtgaU trade by eoutUrtet.
Oountrieo.
OanadaEast •
United States ;
Great Britain
British Columbia .*...
'Japsn I
China
Prance
0«rmany ^.....
Belfclum
Spain ;
I^9^tugaI
Italy „
AtiHtria , ^
Spanish West Indies
Turkey
British West Indies
Total
Imports.
$4
1
,448,<M8
,449,807
877,591
50,000
26,410
21,092
16.993
15,931
10,322
3,043
1,760
988
854
S90
200
198
6,723,693
Ezporto.
$1,000,000
1,420,990
835,944
290,000
195
88
85
6,507,202
Total.
98,448.648
2,870,297
1,518,535
300,000
26,611
21,130
16.988
15,931
10,323
8,043
1,700
968
854
890
200
198
13,SW,895
MANITOBA FISHEBIBS.
The exportation of fish from the interior lakes of Central British America to the
'United States reached an aggregate during the calendar year 1888 of 2,586,076 pounds,
valued at $111,282, of which 621,151 l>onnd.s, valued at $24,924.^, was reported to the
consular agency at Port Arthur. The shipment through the Winnipeg consulate was
1,964,925 pounds, valued at $86,658.24, and was distributed as follows:
Pounds.
Detroit ^ 627,704
BiiflTalo 408.023
ChicAvo 446,508
St l»«ul 245,593
Minneapolis.... 158,994
OmsliA ., 50, 106
Kansas City » 24,000
Total 1.964,925
* In 1862, under a resolntioo of inquiry from the United States Senate. Secretary
Chase, of the Treasury Department, organized a commission to determine the ratio of
domehtic trade between the Atlantic and Western States and foreign importations, and
of these westward movements the domestic was a.scertained to be threefold the bulk of
the foreign. As between Eastern and Central Canada, the domestic importation is here
assumed to be double the foreign.
NOKTH AMERICA CANADA. 29
Fiah frozen naturally and shipped in bulk during winter is free of duty by the
United States tariff, being oonsidered "fresh fish for immediate consnmption,'' but pre-
served fish, being salted or packed in boxes with alternate layers of ioe^ is subject to a
doty of 50 cents per 100 pounds.
Of this exportation the whitefish, Coregonua aOnui, or AUihawmeg in Cree Indian par-
lance was the leading article, the favorite of twenty dififerent varieties of Salmonidm^
including half a dozen trouts, which abound in the Manitoba and Keewaten waters
Next in value is a variety of the perch family, erroneously called the wall-eyed pike ft
Minnesota and Wisconsin, l>ut which is known in Canada as pickerel or doree, being
styled Stizostetheum vitreum by naturalists. Third in the list of exports is the jack-fisb
or pike proper, Esox lucius of the family of Eacaidae, So far these constitute the bulk
of the exportation, with small consignments of ''yellow pike,'' which is probably a
yellow marked pickerel or doree, tolibees or herring, sturgeon, perch, and catfish. At
Port Arthur 600 pounds of caviare, manufactured from the roe of the sturgeon, was
shipped to the United States last season. The water surfaces within this consular dis-
trict available for this industry and closely connected with southern markets by railway
BXfi an area of 30,000 square miles.
RAILWAY SITUATION.
The controversy between the authorities and people of Manitoba and the Gani^ian Pa-
cific Railway has been adjusted bj' the relinquishment by the company of the provision in
th«ir charter prohibiting lines from the United States frontier, in consideration of a Gov-
ernment guaranty of interest upon fifteen millions of Canadian Pacific securities, and asn-
perviaion by the Dominion Government of all such communications between American
lines and the main and branch lines of the Canadian Pacific Railway, analogous to the regu-
lation of interstate railway lines by commissioners under the clause in the Constitution giv-
ing Congress power to ** regulate commerce with foreign nations and between the differ-
ent States.'' From present indications, this satisfactory adjustment has concurred with
other drcnmstances greatly to increase immigration from England and eastern Canada
to central and western British America. The Western States are already connected
with Winnipeg by three railway lines, the St. Paul, Minneapolis aqd Manitoba Railway
has also reached the frontier near Killamey and Deloraine, in western Manitoba.
Helena, in Montana, will soon be connected with the coal mines at Leth bridge, 200 miles
north in the Canadian district of Alberta, and there is an eqnnl probability of the North-
em and Canadian Pacific lines forming a similar communication at three difierent points
across the international frontier between Washington and British Columbia. Whenever
in this consular district such railway crossiugs shall be effected, consular agencies will
be necessary. There are Canadian ports of entry at Emerson and Gretna, and it is an-
nounced that Killamey will immediately be recognized as^a Canadian port.
• Jambs W. Taylor,
United States Consulate,
Winnipei^y March 28, 1889.
PROVINCE OF QUEBEC.
'ga8p:6 basin.
REPORT BY CONSUL DICKSON.
COMMERCE.
The commerce between this consular district and the United States is but nominal.
Imports direct from the United States are very limited, although the merchants here
carry different kinds of American goods; but they purchase them through jobbing
honses at Montreal.
COD-FISHING.
This important fishery has not been as good as last year in this consular district, or
along the St. Lawrence and the island of Anticosti. The inshore fishing is thought by
many to be decreasing in Ga9p6 Bay, although as many fish are taken here as were taken
years ago; more boats are, however, engaged in fishing, and the schools of codfish
30 COMMEKCIAL RT5LATI0NS.
oomingto feed inshore are always limited by the food supply. On the St. LarreDce
shore from Ste. Anne des Month to Griffin the large and increshsing nnmbers of schools of
white porpoise which frequent those waters are considered by compstent judges to be the
cause of the almost entire extinction of the fishing interesta.
MACKEREL FISHING.
The complete failure of this fishery in this district for the past two years is very much
felt by the fishermen, who have depended much upon this branch of business for their'
•winter supplies. The same thing, I am informed, occurred many years ago, but as it
was followed by a return of fish to the old grounds, so it is to be hoped it will be now.
SALMON FLY-FISHING
opens at this port about the middle of May and e.ttends to the 1st of September. It has
been excellent in most of the rivers, which are leased and fished by Americans coming
from Chicago, New York, and Boston.
WHALE FISHING,
for which Gasp^ Basin was once noted, has dwindled down from ten schooners, employed
twenty years ago, to only one fitted out this last year, and the above schooner has just
arrived with only eighty barrels of oil, and the captain informs me that this is his last
voyage, and with this vessel will close the whaling business in the Dominion of Canada,
as this is the only port in the Dominion engaged in it.
PETROLEUM.
I.A8t fall the petroleum fever again invaded this retired spot A hunter during the
summer found a place where besides a flowing well of petroleum there existed a large
bed of asphalt, commonly known as a gum bed. He gave samples to a leading mer-
chant of this place and there the matter ended for a time. After considerable excite*
meot the land upon which these discoveries were made is now the property of the Inter-
national Oil Company of St. Paul, Minn., U.S., and is situated al)out fifteen miles from
the village of Gaspe Basin. This property comprises a tract of 800 acres of land, which
was purchaiied this last spring from the Quebec government and deeded direct to the above
company. This oil has a perceptible aromatic odor, is very glossy, and is of ji brownish
black color. From analysis that has been made it proves to be one of the finest lubri-
cating oils yet discovered.
RAILROADS.
There is a railroad under construction called the Bay of Chaleurs Railroad, a branch
of tho main line of the Intercolonial Kail road. It branches ofi" from the main line at Me-
tapedia and is to extend to the village ot Gasp6 Basin, a distance of 200 miles. It is ex-
pected that it will be completed to Paspebiao by next fall. It is built by the Dominion
and local government of Quebea
MARINE POLICE
is composed of four steamers and five schooners. The vessels of this force have not
been as vigilant in looking a^ter American fishermen this year as in the past two years,
but our fishermen have used great caution in avoiding any cause of complaint against
them. The steam-cutters Acadia and La Canadienne are the two which patrol at times
around this part of the co&st, their rendezvous being this port The rest of the fleet
keep more about the fisheries of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island.
N'AVIGATION.
This closes about the last of November and the last of the vessels in port leave gen-
erally within a few days of that time, when the port becomes isolated until the month of
May. Navi^tion opened here this spring on the 10th of May.
CONSULATES.
Besides our own, the following-named countries hnve consular officers at Gasp^ Basin:
I^razil, Ital^, Norway and Sweden, Spain, and Portugal.
NOUTIt AMEKICA CANADA.
31
Declared exports from the consular district ofGa«pe Buxin to the United States dnring the year
ending September 30, 1888.
Articles.
Carpet yarda..
Codlisit, canned cayff.s..
CoclHsli, dried poiimis .
CodHsh satinds bnrrels..
Conl-wood conls .
Ekrs dozens..
Fur. undressed catiea..
Hake flsh, pickled barrets..
Herrings, pk*kl«?d do ...:
I.rf>b«(ters. canned ensen...
PetrulenmdepOHU pnckaKCS .
Politt-oes barrels .
Kail way tics ^number..
$^lmon, fre*«h ]ioiinds..
Salmon, pit-kled „ Imrrels..
8melt9(, fre«h » 1 onncls..
Specimen lead ore packaji^es..
Total in United States ifold.
Tota! for preceding year ...
Increase.
Amount.
i
11
1
1,122
4
8
6,938
t
213
632
1
71
41G, N<i5
42()
•>
2,275
1
Value.
111. 00
8.50
67.80
54.60
16.00
948.00
139.55
11.00
500.00
3,155.00
6.00
57.00
68,451.18
54.00
32.00
61.50
2.00
73,5.'>9.83
46,820.52
26,739.31
Imports from the United States to the consular district of GaspS Basin for the year ending
Sipfemher 30, 1SS8.
Articles.
Brandy gallons..
Books - packages..
Corn meal barrels..
<llolliinjr piickaKOs..
Drills do
iJriert fruit do
Fisli-lfnos do
Nel.HantI (wine do
Oil clothing do.. ..
Pork barrels..
Rum « '. KHllons..
Rtihlier stamps packages..
do
Seeds
Wines gallons.
Wheat lloup .40k barrels.
Miscelianeons articles » packages.
Total for the yeiar
Amount.
1
1
25
1
1
1
1
6
4
217
1
I
1
2
535
4
Value.
t6.00
27.00
95.00
44.00
24.00
16.00
5.00
6,000.00
375.00
2,921.00
2.00
9.00
4.00
5.00
2,156.00
24.00
11,713.00
Condensed from custom-house entries for year ending Sejytemher 3^ y 1888. — Fifty thocusand
two handreci and fifty quintals codfish, value $242,575, shipped to Barhadoes, West In-
dies, Brazil, Ital^y. and Jersey, Great Britain. Sundries, $1,555, to New Foundland.
Lumher and sninlries, $^8,302, to Jersey, Great Britain. Shipped by twenty-five ves-
sels, fix>m 80 to 175 tons, all under the British flag.
iM PORTS.
By vessels all under the British flag, molasses, sugar, salt, and sundries, $20,560.
FASPEBIAC.
From the consular agency at Paspebiac, in this consular district, for the year ending
September 30, 1888, exports declared, 47,600 quintals codfish; value, $235,000.
Almab F. Dickson, Consul.
United States CoNSULAtte,
GuHpe Btisinf November 30, ^888.
. 32
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
FBOTIHCE OF HOVA SCOTIA.
WINDSOR.
&atemeni showing the Offgregate wine of declared exports from the whole oonm/ttr ditiHdt of
Windeor^ Nova Scotia, to the United States^ during each ^irter of the gear ending June
30,188a
Artioles.
AnlmalB, living (hoTSM)^ ^...»
Coal, bituminous ~
Ootion wiMia ^^
Kaws - «.
Fish
PruK.fcreen (appleiL
Grindstones
Gypsum, or plaster of Paris, ungrround
Household froodsof emigrants
Maniranese ore
Bdetal, old sheathing ^
VeKctahlei :
Potatoes MM
Other vegetables
Wood and manufaetures of:
Barrels, old
Firewood
Laths
Lumber,sawn .*
Piling
Poles, plece-eticks,eto
Pulp wood..
Railway sleepers
Wool
Sundries ~
QuArter endings
September
SU,1887.
1200
28,5U3
1,%2
218
112
2,385
46,004
306
2,832
228
27
Total
Total for preceding year
Increase..
Decrease
2,861
6,507
30,830
11,387
800
1,652
361
260
98
137.001
118.896
23,103
December
81,1887.
1229
24,936
470
144
1,124
4.919
3,453
28,2V6
1,561
1,855
202
60,466
831
2,248
6,585
6,090
9,924
40
89
163.852
164.991
11,189
March 31,
1888.
flS2
189
91
26,647
96
June 80,
1888.
1646
1,428
697
718
1,680
83,698
1,438
600
77,406
289
129
4,981
9,148
11,128
25,^6
2,239
781
Tii*
27,155
15,195
172, 181
130,257
11.900
41.924
ToUl for
the year.
$1,257
55,006
1,832
969
1,949
4^19
7,618
1<I7,998
8,886
5,287
ao2
164,747
647
129
10.040
22,240
48,948
46,587
3,148
1,652
1,142
260
897
490,189
424,341
6S,84D
United States Consulate,
Windsor, N, &, July 12, 1868.
Edwabd Yodko, OohshL
•V
KOfiTH AHEBICA — MEXICO. 33
MEXICO.
GUATMAS.
REPORT BY CONSVL WILLARD.
IHFOBT, BXF0BT8, AND NAYIGATIOV.
The tables A, B, and G of importo, ecports, and navip:ation of this oonsnlar district
for the year 1888 show an increase in commercial transactions over the year 1887. The
class and character of the imports and exports are the same as of past years. This part
of Mexico depends almost entirely on foreign countries for the mannfactnred goods con-
sumed hy the people, two- thirds of which are broaght from the United States by rail and
Part of the commercial data was furnished me through the courtesy of the collectors
of this port and of the custom-house at Nogales, on the frontier of Arissona.
I have been unable to procnre any data from the two small custom-houses, on the Ari-
zona frontier, of Sasaba and Palominas, in this consular district, but it is estimated that
the imports, which are all from the United States, will amount to $100,000.
The southern portion of this oonstflar district (Alamos) is supplied with manu£EM;t«
ured goods from the port of Mazatlan, and those from the United States can be placed
at $150,000.
The American-manufactured goods brought clandestinely over the frontier (smuggled),
in small quantities at a time, on pack-mules, can be calculated at $75,000.
Total of American importa ^ |1, 280, 100. 79
From European via —
Ooaymaa 1286,100.00
Nogales (in bond and in American vessela) 125,000.00
Total amount of European imports 011,106.67
^^ •
ToVU amount of imports from the United States and Europe for—
l«88i 1,841,212.62
1887........ 1,517,839.00
Inerease in 1888 328,878.62
The exports are almost exclusively sent to the United States, consisting of gold and
silver bullion, gold and silver ores, coined silver dollars, oranges, cattle, and a few mis-
eellaaeous articles.
Oranges, — ^The exports of oranges are slightly in excess of those of last year; ^oung or-
chards (planted four years ago) are beginning to produce fruit. As mentioned in my last
year's report, orange culture in this consular district will figure as an important indus-
try. The soil, climate, and facilities by rail to a market in the United States are all
favorable.
The oranges commence to ripen in November, and by the first part of January the
great bulk of the fruit has been exported. DeuEklers from San Francisco, Denver, and
Chicago purchase the oranges on the trees, and at their expense they are picked and
boxed in boxes made for the purpose (brought from the United States) large enough to
contain 200 oranges each. The price jNiid this year has been from $7 to $8 per 1,000 on
the trees. The crop this year is estimated at 16,000 boxes. Before the construction of .
the Sonora Railway but little attention was paid to the cultivation of oranges as an article
of export, as the cost of transportation to a market in the United States was costly and
uncertain.
Ores, — The exports of gold and silver ores by rail to the smelting and refining works
in the United States are more or less the same in quantities and values as in the past
year. Most of the silver ores of Sonora contain lead, antimony, and copper, are difficnlt
to benefldate or reduce, and many of the mine owners find it more profitable to send
their ores to the United States than to reduce them at their mines as was done in former
years, before the Sonora Bail way was in operation.
Cattle, — The export of cattle to the United States has decreased during the past year
owing to the demand being leas for thi)m in Arizona and New Mexico. The prices are
10611 O E 3
81 COMMEHCIAL RELATIONS.
leas at this time than for the last six years. In the northern portion of thta oonsnlar
district bordering on Arizona the climate and grass are favorable to stock-raising; the
cattle graze in the open air the year aroand, and do not need artificial shelter. The
cattle interests are becoming every year of more importance. Some attention is being
paid tp improving the stock by importing high-grade balls from the UnitetL States to
cross the native breed.
Torote bark^ mentioned in my last annual report as being shipped throngh this con-
sular district en route to Enrope (this bark being used for tanning and dyeing), owing, as
is alleged, to the high freights by rail and sea, is now shipped by Euroj^n sailing vessels as
part of their return cargoes from the Lower California coast.
Fho8phat€8.^The export of phosphates (phosphate of lime) from the islands in the
Golf of California still continues, and is carried principally by European vessels that en-
ter and dear at G nay mas.
Exports to the United States by sea from Gua^mas, $307,349.
Exports to the United States by rail from Nogales. $636,333. •
The exports through the small frontier custom-houses on the Arizona and Sonora fron-
tier I am unable to obtain. In catUe, ores, and misoellaneons articles can be estimated
at $100,000.
Silver and gold ores shipped by rail through Nogales and those sent from Alamos via
Mazatlan, value $450,000. Alamos bullion and silver dollars sent via Mazatlan, $300,000.
Total exports In— _
1888- fl, 798,882
1887 : 1,788,887
Increate in 1888. ^ ?. 4,695
The exports to Europe are made indirectly, with the exception of phosphates, through
the United States.
Navigation, — The tonnage at this port is calculated according to Mexican measurement
(and giveiS an increase over the measurement of the United States and England). The
num^ of vessels is less than that of the past year, which is accounted for by the de-
crease of trade at the coast ports. Table C is from the statement furnished me by the
captain of port.
Total tonnage In—
1888. ^ ^ « 48,007
1887 68,615
Decrease !n 1888 ...^ iSTeoS
One-half of the European tonnage is of vessels that come in ballast to load phosphates.
The laws governing navigation, exports, and imports are with few modifications the
same as of the previous year. Importers of foreign merchandise by Mexican vessels re-
ceive,a rebate of .2 per cent, on the import duties. This is given by the Mexican Gov-
ernment as an inducement to Mexican ship-owners to engage their vessels in foreign
trade in which from this port only one vessel (a steamer) is employed. As mentioned
in former reports the foreign commerce is controlled by the Mexican, German, French,
and Spanish houses, there being but two American importing houses in this oonsnlar
district, whose sales of American goods will not exceed $200,000 per annum, and no Eng-
lish ones; yet the bulk of the imports and exports are from and to the United States.
The California and Mexican steam-ship line, an American oompanv, whose steamers
K)r years past were engaged in the trade between San Francisco, United States, and
Guaymos (touching ^t all intermediate ports), suspended their monthly voyages during
the year. This company was under a contract with the Mexican Government to carry
the snails and received a subsidy of $1,500 per round voyage. When the contract ex-
pired one year ago it was not renewed, but during the year the steamers have made ir-
regular voyages. The Mexican Government during the year celebrated with Joaquin
Kedo (a Mexican capitalist) a contract for a line of steamers under the Mexican iag to
run between San Francisco, United States, and Guaymaa, touching at all the intermediate
ports, to make monthly voyages and carry the mails, with a subsidy of $2,700 per round
Wfl'K** This line has not yet commenced making regular voyagea
The International Steam-ship Company, that obtained a contract with the Mexican
uovernment in 1886 to run monthly or semi-monthly steamers from San Diego, United
fetates. to San Jose de Guatemala, Central America, touching at all intermediate ports
ot Mexico, twenty-two in all, including Guaymas, suspended during the year their
voyages ThU company was to carry the mails and receive a subsidy of $8,000 per
round voyage and $«0 per head for all bona fide coloniata brought to Mexico in their
sveamere. Several irregular voyages were made, and the aUeged cause of not continu-
ing was the lack of remunerative traffic
NORTH AMERICA — ^MEXICO. 35
*
The Pacific Ooast Stoam-sbip Company, an American company, since October last have
made monthly voyas^ from San Francisco to Gnaymas, touching at the intermediate
^rts. but withont subsidy from the Mexican €k>vemment, and propose to oootlnne dur-
ing the coming year.
The small ooast steamers (under the Mexican flag) Altaiawadi Porfirio Diaz bake an
oocasiotial voyage to this port^ the trade not being sufficient to warrant regular voyages.
American sailing vessels arriving at G nay mas during the year have been few. Inwait^
cargoes are generally lumber from California anl Oregon, United States; return cargoes
gypsum, from Lower Oaliforhia, and cedar logs from the coast sonth outside of this
ooosnlar district.
European sailing vessels arriving, not chartered for phosphate, are laden with assorted
marchandi^e from Germany and England; their return cargoes ores and dye-woo'iis, also
oatside of this consular district.
Mexican sailing vessels are engaged exclusively in the coasting trade, with coast ports
as fJEur sonth as ManzaniiJo.
INTBBNAL IMPBOVBUXNTO.
The promise of an impulse in this direction, as set forth in my report of last year, has
not been yerified by the commencement of work on any of the projected railways men-
tioned under the fiunchises or concessions granted by the Mexican Government to the
companies and individuals holding the same.
The railway projected from this port to Alamos, approximate distance 340 miles (the
franchise or concession was granted in 1887): A survey of the route has been made and
plans and profiles approved by the Government, and it is said that construction will be
ocMnmeneed during the coming year. Tli^e railway projected from the port of Mazatlan
(consular district of Mazatlan) to run northwesterly near the coast, entering this consular
district and connecting with the Sonora Railway (100 miles north of Guaymas), length
Approximately 600 miles): The concession for this road was confirmed by the Govern-
ment in February of the present year. A survey of the route, I am informed, has been
commenced at Mazatlan.
The railway projected from the frontier of Chihuahua and New Mexico (United States),
to mn south and west; to enter this consular district near Fronteras: No work of con-
struction commenced, and the same can be said of the projected railway from Ensenada
de Todos Santos, Lower California, which proposes to enter the western portion of this
consular district, crossing the Colorado River above Lerdo, etc
The Sonora Railway, which connects this port with the United States at Nogales, in
the Arizona frontier, and from that point with the American system of railways, has
been in opemtion since 1882, and with but slight interruptions (caused by wash-outs)
run daily freight and passenger trains. The report of the gross and net earnings of this
road has not been published, and for this reason I am unable to give them.
Before the construction of this railway all the imports and exports (excepting a few
that came by wagons across the frontier of Arizona) for this consular district passed
through Guaymas. The only regular communication with the outside world was by
steamers and sailing vessels. American manufactured goods and machinery were re-
ceived only from the Pacific sea-board of the United States. Since the Sooora has been
in operation all classes of American manufactured goods can be brought here with the
same facility from the Affantic sea- board as from the Pacific. Merchants can now receive
ffoods from Chicago and New York which before came entirely from San Francisco, Cal.
MINES AND MINING INTERESTS. •
Veins of iron, lead, copx>er, and antimony are found in different parts of this consnlar
district, but are not worked, owing to the lack of capital and cheap transportation.
Veins of gold and silver are abundant, and are worked with fairly satisfactory results
where sofficient capital is employed for development. There are fifteen American com-
panies (incorporated in the United States) working mining properties in Sonora and four
English companies incorporated in London. One of the largest silver mines (so consid-
, ered) at Trinidad is owned and worked by one of the above English companies.
The amount of gold and silver bullion extracted from the Sonora mines is difficult to
obtain, but it can be placed at not leas than $2,500,000. The machinery used for reduc-
ing the ores is brought almost exclusively from the United States.
The coal deposits (anthracite) of Sonora, which are extensive and valuable (mention
of which has been made from time to time in my annual reports), remain undeveloped,
and no doubt will remain so until cheap transportation can be obtained to bring the
ooals to tide- water or a railway to find a market. (The distance from the coast is 100
36 COMliEBCIAL RELATIONS.
« ■•
miles.) The only use made of this coal is by the mining companies in the immediate
vicinity of the deposits or veins, who utilize them for steam-works at their mining es-
tablishments.
A mining law, having for its object the fomenting of the mining interests, was ap-
proved t>y the Mexican Congress last year. The law gives the President of the Bepublic
the powe'r to grant mining zones or tracts of mineral lands to individuals or companies
•under contracts, with certain privileges and obligations, on the condition that the mines
embraced in said zones or tracts are worked. Several snch grants have been given the
past year (for mines of gold and silver) in this consular district. If the object contem-
plated by this law (of June, 1887) was carried out in good faith, in working the mines
embraced in these zones, which vary in extent from 7 miles in breadth to 15 miles in
length and sometimes more, having the capital ready and secured for the purpose when
said grants are given, an impulse would undoubtedly follow this important industry;
but in many cases these grants are obtained for speculative purposes only, to be sold to
others, and failing in this (after a certain time and no work being done) the grants be-
come invalid, in the mean time no prospecting can be done in the zones. Under this law
deposits or veins of coal, iron, and quicksilver throughout Mexico are free fxx>m all taxes,
duties, or contributions and on all products produced by them. When the railways now
projected through this consular district are constructed, it will facilitate to a great ex-
tent the development of the mineral resources lying to eastward along the foot-hill of
the Sierra Madre Mountains that to-day are lying dormant.
AGBIGULTUBB.
Wheat, com, and beans are the staple agricultural products of this consular district
(Sonora). The wheat crop was an abundant one this year, but that of corn and beans
less than the average. On the large ranchos <ft farms agricultural implements and ma-
chinery of American manufacture are coming into general use, the old primitive imple-
ments and style of farming gradually being abandoned. Cotton is produced in small
quantities ; l^e single cotton-mill of Sonora of six hundred looms Consumes the crop.
Sugar cane is grown to a very limited extent, and brown sugar made from it into cakes
of from 8 to 12 ounces each. The supply thus obtained is not sufficient for 4)ome con-
sumption. Sonora depends for her sugar on the Mexican coast south and on the United
States. One- third of the refined sugar consumed is imported.
The agricultural lands are confined to the valleys oi the rivers and streams, and these
lands in proportion to the area of the State will not exceed one-fourth; the remaining
pasture and mountain lands are suitable for stock ranges, etc.
PUBLIC LAKOS AND COLONIZATION.
The condition as to the public lands of this consular district aro the same as men-
tioned in my last annual report; as the surveys are not finished none can be purchased
or titles given from or by the Government to those wishing to acquire them. The col-
onization project at Ensenada, bordering on the west of this consular district in Lower
California, at present is in a less prosperous condition than was stated in my annual re-
port of last year. The model colony (so called) of Topolobampo, founded by Col. A. K.
Owen on the south of this consular district in Sinaloa, is said ^ be on a better basis than
that of the past year, more land being cultivated, and the crops raised being sufficient
for the support of the two hundred persons that compose the colony, who are, with but
few exceptions, from the United States.
FOBSION BE8IDBNT&
The number of foreign residents of all nationalities will number about 2,200, of which
one-half aro American citizens. The resident Americans aro employed principally in
mining, as owners, employ^ mechanics, laborers, etc. ; some have stock-farms in the
northern districts, and but few are engaged in commercial pursuits. The resident English
will not number more than 200, also engaged in mines and mining, but none as mer-
chants. The German and Spanish are engaged almost exclusively in commeroe, as im- ,
porters, shopkeepers, etc., and will number, more or less, 350. The French, Italians,
and other nationalities, about 500, engaged in various pursuits, as merchants, shop-
keepers, farmers, gardeners, laborers, etc. The foregoing do not include Chinamen;
these are about 100, who are employed as shoemakers, cooks, gardeners, etc.
In both American and English mining companies five-sixths of the workmen are
natives of the country.
NORTH AMERICA — ^MEXICO.
87
OONCLUDINQ ItBMAItK&
The sanitary ooodition of the coast has been excellent daring the yeai, no epidemical
or contagions diseases having appeared in any part of this consular district.
Revolution and civil disoider has apparently ceased in this part of Mexico; for the past
ten years there has been peace and qniet. Political qaestions are solved without re-
course to bayonets and bloodshed. The«question of Indian rule or supremacy in the tnost
fertile portions of Sonora has been deduitely settled, both in the Taqui Valley with the
Indian tribe of the same name, who had been in open rebellion against the State gov-
ernment from 1881 to 1887, as well as in the northern districts of the State bordering on
Arizona, which are now free from the raids of Apache Indians, who for years desolated
that region, collecting '^tithes of blood and plunder " from the people.
On the frontier of this consular district and the United States (Sonora and Arizona)
there exists a good understanding between the authorities of both countries, no qnee-
tion of an international character existing.
The oatlook for prosperity in the future, ander such conditions, can be considered as
hopeful and piDmising, and when the projected railways mentioned are realities, it will
give greater^ commercial facilities between this paTt of the Mexican coast and the United
States, and a corresponding increase in the trade and trafEc should follow. What is
greatly needed is a modification of the many formalities that hamper the importation of
foreign goods under the Mexican custom-house regulations now in force.
A. WiLLABD, CotJkL
COHBULATB OF THE UNITED STATES,
CTnaymoa, Deeetnber 31, 1888.
Table A. — Deddred imparts at Guaymaa^ Mexico, for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Description.
Asnricnltaral, minlifg Implements and lumber
Drofrsand perfumery
1^17 iKoods, cotton, linen, eto
Qlassware and crockery *
Grooories ^
Hardware
Miscellaneous ^ «
Beoeived by sea
Beceived by Nograles f not specified)
Approximate imports (not speciAed) passing through
ousfcom houses of Sasabe and I^lominas^
To Alamos via Mazatlan
Claadestine imports (fVontier), estiijiiated value
TotaL..
United States.
Quantity.
Pounds.
7,709,703
j:30,974
162,601
59,073
2,709,396
598,819
211.374
11,541,840
Value.
S203,
29,
113,
11.
46,
146,
41.
592,
313,
100,
150.
75,
345.26
746.37
234. 86
322.85
72.3. 46
226. 34
423.54
022.68
083.07
000.00
000.0!)
000.00
1,230,105.75
Europe.
Quantity.
Pounds,
59,148
33,403
172.051
624,768
66(^9I9
841.673
134,244
2,026,206
!•••••»•• ■■ ■'**•••«
Value.
S18.
4.
103,
28,
73,
19.
87,
286.
*126.
436.83
644.27
146.83
983.34
442.77
726.88
726.43
106.87
000.00
200,000.00
611,106.87
Total imports from United Staf^ and Bnrope—
1888 $1,841,212.62
1887 M 1,517,839.00
In
in 1888....
•«•»««• v'^
▲movint of duties:
United States .
Europe .........m,
823,373L62
223.4M.27
110,475.25
*And American yessels.
as
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Table B. — Declared exports from Quaymas^ Mexico^ for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Description.
TO THB UNITBD 8TATB8. -
Bullion:
Silver and gold ^ Jt bars..
Gold M. packs...
Beans « sacks...
Bark, kirote .....do
Coin.f^ld ....:. do
Dollars, silver .do......
Damiana (root).... packs...
Oura M saclu...
Hides
'Phosphate tons...
Plnmoaso....... sncks...
Silver, mineral oonoentrates do
Silver (lead) - - cars...
Silver, mineral sulphides cases...
Miscellaneous. .T.....
Total bv sea
Exports by Morales not specified
Through frontier custom-houses Palominas and Hasabe, cattle, ores, and
miseellaneous
Silver and gold ores shipped by rail to Nogales, also from Alamos via
Masatlan ,
Silver bullion and coin dollars sent fW>m Alamos via Mazatlan
Total
Total exports in 1888 ,..\.
Total exports in 1887 .*
Inorease in 1888.
Quantity.
20
5
105
471
1
61
8
15
6,813
820
1,876
2
8
Value.
9143,972.96
81,920.00
410.00
8,105.00
8,142.00
51,000.00
100.00
16.00
9,5W.00
57,651. 14
1,525.00
11,700.00
250.00
2,500.00
3U0.00
807,249.10
636,333.00
100,000.00
450,000.00
800,000.00
1.798,582.10
1.793,582.10
1,7«8,877.00
4.705.10
Ko exports sent to Europe direct, but indirectly through the United StatM.
Table 0. — Navigation ai the port of Ouaymae, Mexico, for the year ending December 31,
1888.
Flag.
From or to^
Entered.
Cleared.' ♦ .
Steamers.
Sailing vessels.
Steamers.
Sailing vessels.
Bffaxioan. .
Cimkmt iMirta
No.
104
13
Tont.
19,848
9,161
No.
158
8
Tons.
4,451
1,153
No.
102
13
Tont.
17,960
9,161
No.
158
8
TonM.
4 453
American
Prenoh
United States and
coast.
1,153
English ..M
O^rman
Europe......
5
1
1
1
8
4,254
1,075
664
770
959
5
1
1
1
3
4,254
do
1.075
Bolivian .......
664
Swedish
do «
770
T^^nifin .>>>■■■««■
do •
959
Total
117
29,004
172
13,326
117
27,121
172
13,328
Note.— The above Is tonnage by the Mexican measurement, which gives an increase over that of
th# United States or England.
VERA CRUZ.
REPORT BY CONSUL BOFF FOB THE TEAB 1888,
The aooompanying table shows that there has been a itain over last year of exports
ftom Vera Craz to the United States of about 12 per cent., which evideDces a general
healthy gain, as we turn their goat skins into morocco, their hides into leather, their
marble onyx into ornaments^ their rubber into combs, their broom-root into brushes,
their coffee into drink, their vanilla into essence, their wood into furniture, and their
k
NORTH AMERICA— MEXICO.
39
ore into silver. There is hardly an article exported from here that is not neoessarj to
oar artists or mannfactarers and gives employment to a great namber of hands to cat,
tarn, mold, or transform into many usefnl and necessary articles.
TBADE.
Trade here shows some improvement. There is starting here another petrolenm re-
finery by the ** Waters, Pierce Oil Company," whilst we already have "LaCouipafiia
de Petrolea" By refining here they save nine-tenths of the daties, which is an object.
SHIPPING.
The tonnage, flag, and class of vessels entering and leaving this port is hereto annexed
and tabalated. The whole number of tons entered and cleared from this port was 342,-
798, of which the United States had 94,628, England 74,998, and Spain 107,933 tons/
There were of American vessels, 64 steamers and 21 sailing ships that traded at this port.
Of English, 37 steamers went to the United States, of a tonnage of 55,937, making the
whole trade from here to the States a total tonnage of 150,565 tons.
HABBOR IMPROVEMENTS.
The harbor works have made great strides in the last year. Althongfa the work does
not yet show, it is rapidly progressing; 48,000 tons of stone have alre^y been damped
in their line of the mole, and 18,000 more ready to damp as fast as the weather will per-
mit. Of the inshore end 1,353 is finished, 97} feet wide, and a railroad track laid upon
it, leaving 3,579 feet to be finished, but into that the 48,000 tons of stone above referred
to have b^n damped. The whole length of the mole when completed will be 4,973 feet
and 97} feet wide. It makes the undertaking something of a job, as some parts of it are
50 feet below low water-mark.
RAILROADS.
The Inter Oceanic Bail way is about being commenced here. Its title is *' Inter
Oceanic Bail way Limited, London.'' It is to extend from here to Acapulco via Jalapa,
Paebla, to the City of Mexico, 280 miles, an 1 thence to Acapnloo, 300 miles, making a
distance of 580 miles. It will be a narrow gaage, 3 feet, the whole to be finished in
two and a half years. A part of this road, some 180 miles, is already built, and the
whole will be a great improvement for the Bepublic of Mexico.
Joseph D. Hofp, Consul,
United States Consulate,
Vera OruZy January 21, 1889.
Declared value of exporta from the consular district of Vera Cruz to the United States during
the yeur ended December 31, 188a
Articles.
Total for the
year.
Broom root....
CifCHrs
CofTee
Deerskins
Fustic
Ooat skins «...
Hides
Marble
HercbiAdlae ..
996,83152
15, 148. 66
1,901,525.70
16,IS4.6I
20.125.52
436,607.54
129, 423. 92
41,443.83
23,846.16
Articles.
Rubber
Silver ore
Tobacco
Vanilla
Total, nnit«d States gold
Total for preceding year
Increase
Total for the
year.
69,376.40
806,341.69
13,963.92
174,993.29
8.235,784.75
2,896.407.46
839,877.29
40
GOMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
NapiffoHon at the port of Vera Cruz, Mexico, for the year e%ding December 31, 1888.
Flag,
Ain«riciMi.
BritUh
French
Qennan ... .........
Spanish
ScandinaTian...
Total.
From or to—
New York and New Or-
leans.
Liverpool m*.
X' ranee. •••••••• ..*•■.«••■......•>••••
Germany
Spain
From Earope to the United
State*.
Entered.
Steamers.
No.
«4
60
17
11
38
lao
87.900
74,244
87,818
10,726
107,268
823, 5U
Satling
No.
21
2
8
14
2
IS
67
Tont,
6,668
754
2,081
4,882
666
4,754
19,287
Steamers.
No,
64
60
17
11
88
ISO
Tbiu.
87,900
74,244
«7,818
16,726
108,968
Sailing
I
828,611
ITo.
21
2
8
14
2
16
67
TonB,
0,868
764
2.084
4,862
4,754
19,287
SOUTH AMERICA.
■A
- t
ABGENTINE REPUBLIC.
»
BiPOBT BY CONSUL BAKER, OF BUENOS AYBE8,
The Aigentine Repablic, as never before, appears to be on the high road to national
prosperity. The **booni" which I referred to in my last annual report has become
even more pronounced and decided. In every department of indostry, trade, and com-
merce an increased impulse is everywhere perceptible. The spirit of progress and
''speculation" seems to pervade the whole country. A general push, more emphatic
ihia ever before in thebistory of the Republic, is the order of the day and the programme
of the future. There may be some weiUc points in the movement, but it is neither arti-
ficial nor fictitious. It seems to be real and genuine. Look where we will, in every
direction we see the signs of progress ; and they are too general to be illusive, and too
emphatic to spring from any other iionrce than a mighty current which is bearing the
country along' with a force which the minor impediments of bad financial management
and a persistent disregard of the laws of trade can not weaken.
THE ABGXNTINB "BOOM."
The impulse which commenced here in Buenoe Ayres is now felt all through the
dififerent provinces. New farms, new estancias, new industries, new railways, new
public works, new banks are cropping out in all directions; and with the increasing im-
migration of new laborers from Europe and the constant accession of new capital from
abroad, seeking profitable investment here, the development which is now going on may
be considered as almost marvelous. All classes of the people are aroused to the po%i-
bilities of the new departure. Many perhaps are being carried beyond the bounds of
prudence into new avenues of sfiecnlation, and some may be overwhelmed in the mad
face for riches; but the movement is onward — unmistakably onward. The continuance
of the suspension of specie payments, the decree of the Government making paper a
legal tender for the payment of debts, and the constantly increasing volume of irredeem-
able currency which the new national banks are putting into circulation make it easy
to float the most extravagant schemes for ''getting rich" quickly; and the whole com-
munity is almost ofi'its head in the midst of the excitement which everywhere previuls.
PBACB AND PBOOBBSS.
What greatly adds to the business impulse and spirit of development which nowa-
days more than ever characterizes the people is the political quiet which pervades the
country. Revolutions and attempts at revolution are matters of the past. All through
the extent of the Argentine Republic the guaranties of the constitution now have the
sanction of the people and the laws are permitted to be peacefully executed. Labor is
more and more respected and honored, and capital finds ready investment with more
confidence than ever before. No one any longer thinks of or fears internal commotions
or civil disturbances. The Argentine citizen's love of country no longer manifests itself
by trying to get forcible possession of the Government, but rather by seeking to increase
the wealth and production of the Republic. The new President, in his late message to
the Argentine Congress, sees in all this "good groiyid for congratulation and for new
and noble hopes. ' ' ^fi says :
' ' My policy has been peace, toleration, and conciliation. The fullest liberty for the ex-
preasion of public opinion and the free exercise of personal rights is the most eloquent
phase of national life. The National Government at last is respected throughout the in-
terior, the difierent provinces thereof giving it frequent proofs of support and ynfidence.
"A comparison with times, unfortunately not very remote, shows palpably the immense
pTOfcress which has been made materially and in the working of the institutions under
which we live. Until quite recently the political chapter in public documents like this
41
42 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
was simply an index to all the horron of ciril war, attempts on the lives and properties
of citizens, and a catalocrae of outrages on an oppreaaed people by ifcnorant leaders, bred
in the desert, with an outward semblance of civilization, but none the less arbitrary and
to be dreaded. Yoaug^ men of the present generation can remember how the most trivial
local disturbance gave rise to bloody struggles, exile, and a complete abandonment of all
labor, the scourge spreading from province to province, the only means of finally conqner-
ing the insurgents being force and death. Abroad the very name of the nation was a
synonym for anarchy, thus preventing all chance of economic life and credit for theooon-
try anfl destroying all stimulus for labor by the incessant stateof uneasiness. How great
were the burdens of those troublous times, when compared with the bright and hopeful
present, as the measure of our progress."
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS.
I
Daring the past year the relations of the Argentine RejJtiblic with the different na-
tions of Europe and America have continued to be of the moat fri^^y c^racter. The
boundary question betWeen Chili and the Argentine Government sflVreidns nnsettled,^
but the negotiations tor determining the line which divides the two ooanfifres are qnietly
proceeding wit^^in the stipulations of the 23d of July, 1881.
The settlement of the limits controversy between the Argentine Republic and Brazil
was referred to a joint commission, which, with a technical staff of assistants, has been
at work for more than a year in the exploration of the disputed territory in Misionea.
The only doubt which arose was in reference to the identification of river San Antonio-
gnazie, sustained by the Argentine commissioners and resisted by the Brazilian, and
it is understood that an understanding has now been reached on the subject In regard
to the boundary qnestion with Bolivia, nothing has been done daring the past year, both
Governments maintaining the existing «/a<tM quo in the most friendly manner.
THE TSRBITOBIES.
The national territories, whose provisional organization I have referred to in former
reports, continne to give signs ot development and vigorous growth. The influx of pop-
olatlon into these incipient provinces or States, the opening np of new estandas, the
establishment of schools, the organization of courts of justice, all these things point
to the fact that it will not be many years before the four territorial governments into
which Patagonia is divided, together with those of the Chaoo and Misiones, will be
knocking for admission into the Argentine Union on terms of equality with the original
fourteen provinces.
IMMIGRATION.
According to the official returns the number of immigrants arriving in this country
daring the year of 1887 was 137,426, against 93,116 in 1886. Already, however, for the
eleven months of the present year the number of arrivals reaches to 128,797. The Gov-
ernment has been making more than ordinary efforts to foment emigration from Europe
to the Plate River and the late Congress voted the cost of fifty thousand passages, to be
advanced to agriculturists and artisans to enable them to come here. Dr. Navarro, the
commissary of immigration, is now in Europe to complete arrangements for putting the
embarkation of emigrants on a better basis.
There is no doubt the efforts of the Argentine Government thus to induce immigra-
tion are having a grand success with the poorer classes of Europe, who are without
work and without hope, and the change they make in coming here is for the better.
Their condition here; no matter how inadequate the wages, no matter how miserable
socially, morally, and politically they may find themselves here, is far in advance of
what they have left behind them. There is no doubt that they can all find work; and,
by hard struggles, manage after a while to become more comfortable in their surroundings,
but under such circumstances and self-denials as would not only discourage but quite
overwhelm with despair any one who had been accustomed to the higher plane of civi-
lization in the United States. It is on this account that I once more entreat our Ameri-
can citizens not to try their fortunes down here. They will find everything so differ-
ent and so primitive in the interior of the Argentine Republic comparedwith what they
have enjoyed at home, that they are sure to be thoroughly disappointed; and if they
come without the means of returning, as too many of them do, they will soon find them-
selves utterly destitute, begging the charities of a people whose language they can not
speak. Such distressing cases come under my observation every few days, and tax. all
my efforts to assist them, even temporarily. With the immigrants from the overcrowded
shores of Ihe Mediterranean the situation is altogether different. They not only find
their countrymen here in large colonies, bat they are so similar in language and habits
with the people of the country that they at once are able to make themselves under-
stood and soon imperceptibly assimilate with the native population.
SOUTH AMERICA— -AKQENTIN£ HEPUBLIC. 4B
BATLWATa.
There oonttnnes to be a great movement throaghont the Argentine Republic in the
€»Dstraction of railways. So great are the number of new concessions granted by the
National Congress and by the diflferent provincial legislatures that I find it impossible to
name them all. Up to the meeting of th^ last Congress there were national concessions
for seventeen different lines, of which thirteen enjoy the guaranty of the Qovemment.
These guarantied lines represent a total length of 7,961 kilometers (4,976 miles), and
the aggre^te length of the other lines is 1,272 kilometers (795 miles), making a total of •
5,770 miles. Among these are the following, viz: The Chaoo and Tartagal Hallway;
the Reoonquista and Formosa (Chaco) Railway; the Bahia Blanca and Villa Mercedes
Railway; the San Juan and Salto' Railway; the Chumbicha, Tinpgasta, and Andalgald
Railway; the Goya and Monte Caseros Railway; the Resistencia and Met^ Railway;
the San Cristobal and Tucuman Railway, etc. A line from San Juan to Cabra Corral in
Salta is being surveyed; as also one from Mendoza to San Rafi^l; also the line from
Goboe to Salta, via Lagunilla; as also several others of less prominence.
The following roads are in the course of construction, to wit: The extensions of the
Northern Central, the road now being opened beyond Tucnman, as- far as Chilcas. The
branches from Dean Fumes to Chilicito and from Chumbicha to Gatamarca have the
road-beds completed and the track-laying has commenced. Beyond Chilcas, towards
Salta and Jiguy the work is still progressing, but there are many engineering difficul-
ties to overcome and not much has yet been accomplished. The line from Buenos Ayres
to Mercedes, which is a link of the Transandean Biailway, is now completed and open to
traffic, thus giving a through line from Buenos Ayres as &r as Mendoza. Work centin-
nes to progress on the link from Mendoza towards Valparaiso, Chili, some of the track hav-
ing already been laid, and by the end of the year it is expected that the Uspallata Pass
of the Andes will be reached. For the construction of the railway from Monte Caseros
to Corrientes and Posadas in the Misiones the necessary materials are now being received
and the work has commenced. The new line fron^ Rosario via Sunchales to Tucuman
is being rapidly pushed forward, and the rails are laid for 50 or 60 miles beyond Sun-
chales.
The last session of -the Argentine Congress, in response to the recommendations of the
President, made a very firm stand against the granting of any more charters or conces-
sions with Government guaranties, and the fact that numerous applications were made
for new lines without such guaranties shows that the condition of the country is now so
promising that capital is ready to embark in such enterprises without Government aid.
MABTIN. OABCIA BAB.
One of the causes which renders the interior navigation of the Argentine Republic dif-
ficult and expensive is the existence of bars and other obstacles in the channels of the
rivers. One of the most important of these difficulties is the bank which sets across the
La Plata River, near the island of Martin Gascia, and the series of bars in the Uruguay
River. At the former sometimes, in seasons of low water, as many as fifty vessels at a
time are estopped from passing further up the rivers, and have to wait at anchor foi a
tide sufficiently high to float them over. It is now proposed to organize a commission,
inconnection with the Uruguayan (Government, for the construction of certain works which
would remove these obstructions to navigation. The Argentina Government will prob-
ably take the initiative in the matter.
POBT W0BK8.
•
The Government mole at the city of Conception, on the Uruguay River, has at last
been completed, together with a bridge and custom-house, at a total cost of $410,000.
An iron mole is also in course of construction at San Nicolas, on the Parand River,
and works for the improvement of the channel in front of the town have been surveyed.
The works for the improvement of the port of Rosario have recently been stopped, for
the reason that recent changes and deviations in the channel of the Parand have re-
quired some modifications in the plans, f^m what I learned on a recent visit to Ro-
sario, it would appear that a bar is forming directly along the city front, which bids
fair, unless wing-dams are properly constructed above the city, to send all the^water to
the other side of the river, thus rendering the port quite useless. The National Govern-
ment proposes, if possible, to avert such a misfortune to that growing city.
THE BIACHUBLO POBT. ^
The canalization of the Riachuelo de Barracas, just south of the city of Buenos Ayres,
continues to be actively carried on under the most advantageous conditions. In the
course of last year the excavations amounted to over 1,000,000 cubic meters. The cost
r
44
OOUMEBOIAL RELATIONS.
of the work up to the end of the last year, since the beginning, has been $d, 500, 000,
The port daes, however, already give an interest of 6 to 8 per cent, od the capital expended,
notwithstanding its incompleto state. The following table shows the proportion of sea-
going vessels which last year took advantage of the facilities offered by the moles of the
Riachaelo port^ as appears by the last annnisl report of the maritime prefect:
•
Arrivals and departures of sea-going vessels.
•
Port
Arrivals.
Departure*.
flailing vesMla.
Bteamera.
•
Sailing TesMlfl.
Steamera.
City Hnadii. -,-,„„, ,,„.,_ „.„....
No.
2,057
714
Tbnt.
579,181
618,467
JIfo.
583
222
Tona.
924,354
292,227
No.
708
821
Tons.
802.285
No.
620
TortM.
1,294,901
RUkohuelo Port....,.......>...M
467,844
144
461,844
Arrivals and departures of vessels in the river trade.
•
Arrivals.
Departorea.
Portw
aaiiing ve— ela.
Staamert.
SaUing vesMls.
Steamera.
•
City Boads ^......
Riachuelo Port^.....................
No.
2,774
16,839
Tons.
174,118
680,866
887
16,976
Tons.
299,660
287,611
No.
8.625
16,636
Tons,
472,681
618,044
No.
982
16,880
Tons,
808,959
282,681
It will be seen from these figures that, while a very considerable amount of the foreign
shipping now finds its way to the Riachnelo, the coasting or river trade is almost exclu-
sively confined to that port. This is owing to the greater facilities it offers for handlin|(
cargoes. It now possesses 4.500 meters of moles, and is capable of receiving ships
drawing 22 feet and 6,000 toin burden.
BUEN08 ATBES POBT WOBES.
The work on the Bnenos Ayres port, which I4iave heretofore mentioned in my annnal
reports, has been prosecuted during the past year without intermission, and the first
section will probably be ready within the stipulated time. The basin is now quite com-
pleted to the proper depth and the embankments are nearly finished. This basin is
1,095 meters long by 100 in width. Alft>ut 300 meters of wharf are also completed, and
large quantities of material are now on the ground for the rest of this work. The out-
side piers are likewise progressing to completion and the piles are all in position. The
earth works of the other docks are also under way. The company having the contract
have at present nearly 2,000 men employed on the works. The commerce of the city is
looking forward with great interest to the day when the use of lighters and carts in the
handling of cargoes ^1 be done away with forever.
THE BIYKB OB IKTBBIOB OOMMBBCB.
The river commerce of the Argentine Republic, embracing the carrying trade or the
Rio de la Plata, the Uruguay, and the Parand rivers, with their various affluents, shows
but little change since the returns of last year. I give a comparison of the two years
below:
Claai.
ArrlTals.
Departurea.
1886.
1887.
1886.
1887.
Sailinff vessels
No.
17,504
7,297
Tona.
650,048
1,966,406
No.
18,701
Tona.
749. 021
No.
19,569
7,895
Tona.
689,699
1,898,206
No.
21,001
6,822
Tona.
838,640
HteniiK^rs
6,124 1,485,091
1.621,063
Total «
24,801
2,636,454
24,825
2,235,012
27,464
2.587.902
96,828
2»459.69a
The average size of the sailing vessels in the river trade last year was 40 tons ; the
average size of the steamers was 260 tons.
SOUTH AHEBICA — ABGENTUTE REPUBLIC.
45
DfTEB-PBOYIKOIAL COMKEBCB.
The inter-pf ^Tincial eommeroe by river daring tlie year 1887 reached to $73,821,583.
For the seven yeara firom 1881 to 1887, inclusive, the following aie the comparative fig-
Movement of river commerce.
Year.
Prodacisof
the country.
Imported
mercmuidiae
Total.
•
1881 «
1882 ;.
97,856,311
8,108,553
11,255,977
14,615,401
17,556,491
13,501,820
29,897,027
$19,646,167
21,852,594
25,394.370
29,689,475
31,382,385
87,898,110
43,924,556
827.602,468
29,961,147
1883
36,650.347
1886 „
44,804,876
48,938,876
50,899.930
73,821,583
Of the movement of the prodnoe of the country by river conveyance from the interior
the following artidee were the most prominent
Artidefl.
Quantity.
Value.
Articles.
Quantity.
Value.
Native mm and alcohol,
liters
1,066.435
6,991.474
4,661,176
8,182,608
813.321
1,599,982
70,588,790
2,736,998
13,153,699
75,796*087
•126,971
908,892
1,828,018
8,182,608
172,665
202,828
4,941,215
273,699
657,685
1,615,921
Potatoes. ....kilograms...
Cheese do
Sole leathers..number...
Native toliaoco. ..kilos. ..
Wheat ..do...
27,641.693
1,089,084
14,995
1.561,748
97,638,683
1,646,975
980.814
91,106.668
217,817
Native sagar^kiloflrrams...
Lime....^ hectoliters...
Coke .< ~do
119,960
156, 175
2,805,347
Firewood
161,740
Bisouite, crackers ...do
M> IOU« *•••«•««■ ■••••••••■«• mUO *•••••
Posts:
UnapUt ... number...
Split do
Timber and b^ims........
494,093
465,207
817, 201
Indian com. ....... .....do
Terba mat^.kUofp-ams...
671,756
71.470
I may add in regard to the river trafilb that it is now well provided with a number
of fine steamers, arranged for passengers as well as freight, and furnished with all the
modem improvements of Clyde-built vessels, including the electric light. The com-
pany which, having bought out all other interests, now has the exclusive control of the
river trade of the A.rgentine Republic, is owned in Scotland; and its intention is still
further to extend its field of operations by building a smaller class of steamers to navi-
gate the smaller affluents of the Parand River.
PBOGBBSS OF AGBIOULTUBE.
I have seen no estimate of the approaching harvest in the Argentine Republic, but
there has been put down in seed a larger breadth of land than ever before, and the pros-
pects at present for every variety of crop were never better. If no untoward events
shall intervene to defeat the generous promise, the harvests of the present year will be
the largest ever produced in the country. In wheat, maize, and linseed there is sure to
be a very large surplus for export. The progress which agriculture is making all over
the republic is the subject of general comment; and already this country is appearing
as a factor in the questit>n ot the bread supply of Europe. The following table gives a
a comparison of the shipments of crop products of the Argentine Republic since 1^2:
Articles.
Wheat '. -
Flour ;
Indian oom ^
Linseed
Baled alfalfa
Barley ^...» w
1882.
1883.
1884.
. 1885.
1886.
Tons.
Tons,
Tona.^
108, 4S9
Tona,
Tona.
1,706
60,754
78,493
37.a64
548
4,844
8,734
7.447
5,262
107,327
18,634
133,710
197,869
281,660
23,351
23,061
83,991
69.426
87,689
10.771
U,460
11,846
11.765
12,408
1,100
177
862
2.109
2,661
422
2,617
1,992
2.229
769
1887.
Tont.
237,865
5.401
861,844
81.208
12,375
4,194
8,867
46
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Owing to bad weather jnat before jOie mataring of the crops of 1887-'68, snd which
oonsiderably redaced the yidd, the exports of the present year will show a decrease over
those of 1S>S7. The returns for the three quarter^, up to September 30, give the exports «
as follows: Flour, 4,559 tons; wheat, 172,353 tons; Indian com, 147,932 tons; linseed,
39,573 tons; alfalfa, 6,813 tons; peanuts, 1,370 tons, etc
Of the exports of flour during the year 1887, 3,167 tons went to Brazil, 1,095 tons to
Germany, 410 tons to England, and the rest to various ports; of the wheat, 145,977 tons
went to England, 43,486 tons to Belgium, 13,582 tons to Italy, 17,197 tons to France,
10,495 tons to Germany, and the balance to various ports; of the In^an com, 177,789
tons went to England, 98,868 tons to France, 27,646 tons to Belgium, 24,456 tons to
Brazil, with various ports for the balance. The linseed nearly all goes to England; the
peanuts to France for the manufacture of olive oil, and the baled alfalfii to Brazil.
THB MIiriNO UrDUSTBY.
There is nothing new or Interesting to be said in regard to the mines and mining of
the country. There is as yet almost nothing to show for the amount of money which
of late years has been invested in costly mining machinery. The different gold-mining
companies, and especially those owned abroad, are periodically publishing exaggerated
reports of what they are doing and of the prospects of very speedily finding the precious
metal in paying quantities. This is done, I suppose, either to keep up the drooping
spirits of anxious stockholders, or in order that those who are carrying heavily may un-
load on others who may be induced to try their fortunes in an industry which, with alt
the parade whieh has been made abdut the existence of gold in the Argentine Republic,
has never yet paid anything on the capital invested. The sure test by which may be
learned what the various gold-mining companies are doing is the table of exports, for the
reason that their product would be at once sent out of the country for refinement, etc
The following aro the shipments for last year:
DeaoripUon.
Quantity.
Value.
^^pff^
148.287
4,110
106.780
106,086
1,669
$57. 315
Mlnerftl
do
LSH
BiiVttr. tuiniJHki ^
do
53,090
Ii6ad or©
do
12,554
Silver. Duro
do
61.753
Total „
186.356
Thus far, however, for the year 1888, the rotums show quite an increase in the ship,
ments of minerals and for the first time gold appears in the list of exports. I give below
the mineral exports for the three quarters ending September 30:
Description.
Gold dust kilograms-
Bismuth 4 do....
Copper in bars do....
Tin ~ do....
Silver, metal do....
Copper, mineral do....
Silver, mineral dp....
ImmmI. mineral do....
Silver, pure do....
Total.
Quantity.
825,624
85,072
115.770
301,635
11.070
262.622
324,000
96 816
12.837
Value.
SS5,101
140,288
46,308
150.818
uaToo
48.2S0
161,999
7,706
447,969
1.196,189
I think the gold referred to in the above table was the product of recent mining oper-
ations in Tierra del Fuego.* The explorations made near the Bay of San Sebastian by Mr.
Popper have developed the existence of valuable gold deposits in that vicinity, and he
lately returned to that point with a full complement of miners and mining apparatus,
for a more extended survey. Several California miners, who spent some time in exam*
ining the country, have informed me that while there are a number of places where gold
can be procured in limited quantities, yet they doubt, until there has been a more care-
ful exploration, if any of the present diggings will pay expenses.
SOUTH AMERICA — ^ABOENTINE EEPUBLIC.
47
I do not surrender the opinion which I have heretofore frequently ezpreoed, that
there are immense deposits of gold, as well as of nearly all the other valuable metals, in
various part^of the Argentine Republic, but in order to their development it will re-
quire a more careful scientific investigation into the geology of the country than has yet
been attempted by the Government. *
In regard to coal, the discovery of which has already been heralded with unusual par-
ade, nothing whatever has yet been done towards its exploitation. None of it has thus
far been utilized. And so also with the immense petroleum reservoirs which- have been
discovered in the provinces of Mendoza, Salta, and Jujuy. Companies to work these de-
posits have been formed, and to assist them in producing the home material a very high
protective tariff has been placed on the article from the United States; but thus iar l£e
Argentine ore has not come upon the market.
THE NATIONAL FORSSTS.
The lumber of the United States still in increased quantities continues to supply the
flemand for building purposes. While there are foresta of soft woods in the Argentine
Republic, their distance from the sea-board or great rivers makes it impossible to market
them as cheaply as they can be put down here from North American ports. TThe shipments
to the River Plate, instead of gradually falling off, seem to increase every year. In 1885
the quantity of white and yellow pine received here from the United States was 9,550,-
329 square meters; in 1686 it was 10,789,016 square meters; in 1887 it was 14,579,326
square meters.
At present the Argentine forests only furnish the hard woods of commerce, the Gran
Cniaco and theMiscines, to say nothing of the upper interior provinces, offering inexhausti-
ble supplies of the most exquisitely colored hard woods to be found in the world. Here
ID the country these woods, and particularly the quebracho and the algwoobo, instead of
finding such uses as their fineness and susceptibility to polish especially render them
adaptMl for, are only employed in supplying the heavy Joists and beams in house and
hydraulic constructions. 1 1 looks like a short-sighted, &lse economy to make use of these
precious woods for such purposes. The demand for Argentine hard woods is sradually in-
creasing among the cabinet workers of Europe, but thus far the amount which finds a
market abroad is very small when compared with the quantity that the Argentine Re-
publie is able to furnish. The following are the returns of shipments for the last four
years:
1884 - ^ ..$394,343
1885 839,020
1888 326,623
1887 830,214
If the quality and the intrinsic value of these woods weremore generally known, lam
sure there would be an increased sale of them in Europe. In the Paris exposition there
will be on exhibition a very large variety of the hard woods of the Argentine Republic,
and it will be well worth the while of parties interested in the matter to examine for
^emselves the wonderful polish which they take, and the marvelous coloring which they
present. A special report on '^The Woods of the Argentine Republic,'' which I made
several years ago, and which was published in No. 34 of Consular Reports, furnishes an
extended description of the most remarkable of these woods.
THS CATTLE INDUSTBT.
The ''aaladero," or cattle industry of the Argentine Republic continues to be depressed
and unsatisfactory. Owing to the partial failure of markets abroad for the products, a
number of the cattle-slanghteriog establishments have been closed during the last year.
The shipments for 1887 are even less than for the previous year; and this in spite of the
fact that the export duty was repealed for the express purpose of assisting the industry.
The following table gives a comparison of the last three years:
Articles.
I ■ ■ ■
I>iT hides
Solid bides
Jerked beef ^
Bones and bone-aith ~
Hide cattings
Horns ^
TftUow ,
Extract of meats..^
Total.. « ,
1885.
87,511,919
4,488.201
4.204.077
782,464
80,4-6
159,896
3,489,139
56, 548
1886.
96,267,692
8,649,287
8,738,820
1,716.158
74,468
149,431
1,715,158
169,991
20,772,762 17.479,905
1887.
18,406,742
8,689,096
2,398,424
78'J,777
70,844
182,0*26
788,777
75,888
16,862,578
48 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Except for the demand for ox and cow hides, which has continaed during the year,
especially in the United States, the showing would be still more nnsatisiactory. Tlie
jerked beef has heretofore found a steady market in Brazil and Cuba, but as Uie demand
is gradually decreasing the product also shows greatly reduced proportions. In 1886
the shipments amounted to 37,388 tons, and is 1887 they only reached to 23,984 tons,
of whidi only 6,734 tons went to Brazil and 7,830 to Cuba.
FRSSH-HSAT 8HIFMBNT8.
There has, howeyer, during last year, been an increased moTementin fi'esh-meat ship-
ments, which now, with large freezing establishments at dififerent points on the La Plata
and Parand Rivers, have come to be one of the permanent industries of the country.
While the business, however, continues to assume larger proportions, if we may infer
from the reports of the companies engaged in the export, the profits are not yet at all
satisfactory. The following are the comparative returns of shipments for the last lour
years of fjrozen carcaases:
1886
188«
1887....:
Nine months of 1888.
Qnantity.
2,862,270
7,850,671
12,038,889
13,023,OU8
Official
value.
175.823
860,508
968. 112
1,113,847
These shipments consisted entirely of mutton, and the greater part went to Liverpool
and London, but they failed to find a market, except at figures which barely paid ooet
and expenses. I am advised that considerable of the meat was hardly in a marketable
condition when it reached its destination. To act as a stimulus to the frozen-meat export
the Argentine Congriess at its last session passed a law providing for a bounty to those
engaged in the business, the effect of which will doubtless be to put the trade on a more
satisfactory basis.
SHIPMENTS OF CATTLS TO EUBOPE.
This bounty law also applies to the shipments of live-stock on the hoof; butitis very
questionable if any benefit will ever accrue from it, owing to the great distance acrosa
the tropics which the cattle will have to be carried to reach a market Were there facil-
ities for the proper stall-feeding of the stock, before starting with it, it might be able
to stand the twenty-five or thirty days of sea voyage; but to undertake such a passage
with cattle fresh from the grass does not seem to be at all feasible. To test the matter
the Government, on its own account, proposes to pay the expenses of a trial shipment;
and it is now making arrangements to this end. Of course it will require steam-ships,
specially fitted up for the purpose, and with a capacity to carry a very large number
each, in order to reduce the costs and expenses of shipment.
THE WOOL PBODUOT.
For various causes, which I have stated in special reports, the sheep industry of the
Argentine Republic has not for several years been in so flourishing a condition as it has
been wont to eivjoy. One of the lamentable drawbacks to the business of growing wool,
which is the great and most important business of the country, is the disgraceful condi-
tion of the flocks. So little care is taken of them, so little money is expended in pro>
tecting them from the weather, that it is now the exception to see a bunch of sheep which
is not suffering from foot-rot or scab or both. In some portions of the ** camp ** it is no
unusual thing for whole flocks to be afflicted with diseasied feet, and sometimes so badly
as to be scarcely able to drag themselves along on their knees. No eflbrt is made to pre-
vent or to core this, as it does not directly interfere with the growth of the wool; but,
as a matter of self-interest, the esUincierossiTe generally solicitous to cure the scab, and the
market is overrun with specifics for this purpose. But scab is a disease which is so
readily propagated from flock to flock, feeding at different times over the same pasturage,
that one careless sheep farmer has it in his power to spread the disease through a whole
neighborhood. Until a law is passed which requires that scabby sheep shall be isolated,
and killed if permitted to run at large, there ia not much hope for improvement in the
oondition of the Argentine flocks. The wool shipments for several years have shown
SOUTH AMEBICA — ABGBNTINE EEPUBLIC.
49
but little change in their figures. As a matter of refeienoe, as well as comparison, I
give below the exports since 1880:
1880
1881
1888.
1884
1885
1886
1887
'I
Wool.
Tons.
97,145
108,876
111,009
118,408
114,344
128,303
182,130
109,164
Value.
127,467,671
81,446,495
29,978,960
29,600,918
82,005,819
35,950,111
81,711,604
82,749,815
Sheep-skins.
Tons.
29,077
82,889
22,858
26,564
24,988
81,836
85,312
80^447
Value.
•5,465,JW7
4,639,4^7
4,231,718
5,035,886
5,484,962
6,267,877
6,350,781
6,096,406
It will he ohserved that with all the assurances which have heen given out to the
world in regard to the increase in the nnmher of sheep in the Argentine Repuhlic during
the last few year9, the wool clip is now ahout the same as it was eight years ajgo. And if
it he true, as it is now officially computed, that there are one hundred millions of sheep
in the country, it will be further seen, from the amount of the shipments, that the average
yield is only a little more than 2 pounds to the sheep. And this is wool in the dirt,
two-thirds of it being dirt and one- third of it being wool. In other words, taking the
shipments of 1887 as the average annual product of the country, there are about 75,000,000
pounds of washed wooL
SHIPMENTS OF THE YSAB 1887
The following table shows the proportion of the dip of 1887, including sheep-skins,
which was shipped to each country:
Country.
Germany.
Belgiom
Bnutll .^....^
ChUI ^,
8pa1n« ,
United States
France
Great Britain
Italy
Uruipiay
Destination not named
Total
Wool unwashed.
Quantity.
JEVoorofiw.
22,688,099
23,192.667
172,282
288
11,463
4,000,633
51,276,586
1,971,117
369,826
8,884.672
109,464,383
Sheep-skins unwashed.
Value. Quantity.
fS, 806, 430
6,967,800
61,685
86
8,439
1,200,190
15,882,976
591,383
80,948
1,165,402
82,749,815
EUograms.
1,642,419
2,8n,044
911
80
10,086
24,924
19,221,175
. 2,709,268
2,578,041
510,785
878,184
80,447,716
Value.
I9n,832
682.960
200
7
2,203
5,483
4,228,659
596,039
607,160
112,272
192,069
6,606,406
The shipments to the United States were exclusively of the long carpet wools from
Cordoba, it being the only class that it is possible to send to our market, under our tariff
laws, at a profit Our tariff, so far as the clothing and finer qualities are concerned, is
proMbitive. While those from Australia can come in, those from the Argentine Kepublic,
owing to the greater amount of gre!ise and dirt which they contain, are quite excluded;
our tariff laws making no allowance or reduction whatever for such excess. I referred
at length to this discrimination against the Argentine Republic, in favor of Great Britain,
in my annual report of 1886. It appears that the amount of dirt and grease in the wools
of the Argentine fiepublic reaches to more than 70 per cent, while the wools of Australia
and New Zealand have only about 50 per cent In other wvirds, while the average yield
of Argentine wools scoured is only 30 per cent., that of the other countries named is 50
per cent. " If," as I have heretofore remarked, *' the mills of the United States did not
use foreign clothing wools at all, this would make no difference. The discrimination
would be of no practical significance. But they do use 'foreign wools, and just such
dasses of clothing wools as the Argentine Republic can furnish; and, owing to the more
intimate trade illations which we are striving to cultivate with the latter country, we
10611 o B 4
50
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
should avoid even the appearance of favoring other nations to the prejudice of the Argen-
tine Kepnblic.'^ The matter seems to be one which deserves the attention of oar Gov-
ernment
ABOBNTINX TBAN8IT TRADE.
The transit trade of the Argentine Republic for the year 1887 will be seen ftom the
following table:
Country. ^
IngreM.
Kirreaa.
Total transit.
Bolivia
5,449,726
5,541
172,521
848,919
4,825
489,299
221,266
6,822.246
Bra«il
Chill «
854,460
4,826
*l*arRKuay „.„
Uruguay «
81,925
878,054
621,234
1,094,828
Total .'. .......••••...
7,850,245
1.785,833
9,006,678
«
The ingress from Bolivia consisted exclusively of silver metal and other minerals en
route for England. In all other cases the ingress and egress were general merchandise.
THE CARBYINO TBADB OF THE ABGSNTINE BEPUBLIC.
The carrying trade of the Argentine Republic with foreign nations for 1887 has been
compiled by me from the returns published by the National Statistical Office, with the
following result:
OlaM of vesaols.
Arrivals. ,
Departures.
Total.
Sailingr 4
No.
5,694
6,607
Tons.
1,010,781
8,460,870
No.
8,940
5,584
Ton$.
795,628
2,928,346
No.
9,634
12,191
Tima.
1,806,854
6,889,216
Sieamers ....*
Total in 1887
12,801 j 4,471,601
11,015 I 8,615,290
9,524
8,243
8,723,969
8,158,880
21,725
19,258
8,195,570
6,668,679
Total in 1886
Inoreata ^
1,286 956,811
1,281
570,580
2,467
1,426,891
PBOOBB68IVE INGBBASB OF FOREIGN NAVIGATION.
But the progressive increase which has taken place in the foreign navigation of the
Argentine Republic will be better understood by a glance at the totals of arrivals and
departures of vessels during the last ten years. For this purpose I have compiled from
official sources the following tables:
ArrivaU of vessels far eight years*
Tear.
1878.
1879.
1880
1881.
18«.
1883
1884.
1885.
1886.
1887.
Sailing veuels.
No.
1,262
1,531
2,311
3,412
3,031
8.445
5,231
4.908
4,727
5,694
Tona.
280,223
311,008
308,461
413,618
423,127
617,070
733,659
771,583
764,238
1,010,731
Steamers.
No.
1,200
1,854
2,524
2.543
8.040
3,626
5.747
6,671
6,288
6,607
Tana.
616,409
744. OM
878,841
906,802
1,104,927
1,437,018
2,278,704
2,829,726
2.751,062
8,460,870
Total.
No,
2,462
8,883
4.835
5,954
6,071
7,071
10,976
11,579
11,015
U,801
Tona.
806,682
1,055,062
1,187,302
1,318,700
1.528,054
1,954,088
8,012,863
8,601.809
8,515.200
4«471,601
\
SOUTH AMERICA — ^ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.
51
Departures d/ vessels far eigU years^
1878...
1879...
1880...
1881 ....
lj»2...
1883...
1884 «.
1885...
1886 ....
1887...
Sailing veBselfl.
No.
821
826
1,147
2,500
2,023
2,263
2.732
2,441
2,697
3.940
Tona.
256,469
273.686
231,990
823,120
367,925
424,124
589,269
600,858
590,941
795,623
Steamen.
No,
890
1,689
2,233
2,300
2,742
8,172
5,456
6,549
5,546
5,584
Tofu.
410,120
703.748
823,290
843,116
1,080,214
1,818,201
2,263,023
2,748,803
3,562,448
2,928,346
Totals.
No.
1,211
2.516
3.380
4,800
4.765
5,435
8,187
8,990
8,243
9,524
Thns.
666,589
977,434
1,066.280
1,166,236
1,448,139
1,742,326
2,852,292
8,849,661
3,153,389
8,723,969
The rapid increase of steam navigation over sailing vessels, which the above tables ex-
hibit^ in the foreign carrying trade of the Argentine Republic can not but attract attent
tion. In 1878 the steam tonnage stood for 68 per cent of the whole amount, while tba-
of sailing vessels stood for J2 per cent Now, the steam tonnage stands for about 80 per
cent of the whole amount, and that of sailing vessels for 20 per cent.
l^e following table shows the arrivals and departures of sailing vessels and steamers
for each port in the Republic as compiled from the returns published by the national
statistical office:
Arrivals and departures cf aaUing vessels and steamers far each part.
Porto.
Bahia Blanca...
Baenoe Ay res..
Compana
Conoepcion ......
Colon M
Oonoordia.
Gualequay
GnaleRuayohd ..
La Pa» -
La Plata
Monte Coaeres ..
FaranA
Roaario
Ban Nicolas .......
8anta P6
Zarate
Bella Vista
Ck>rriente8
Goya
Other ports
• «0 •••«•••■•«•
•■•■••#• ••••••
Total...
Arrivals.
Sailinfi: vessels.
No.
12
3,368
65
43
109
245
• 20
96
6
1,047
89
25
278
14
49
13
275
5,694
Tons.
5,632
704,036
16,770
1,338
8.94L
12.596
1,079
4,390
612
136,214
683
2,937
94,664
3,576
10,717
6,893
5,568
1.010,781
Steamers.
No.
1,542
398
503
653
333
277
219
98
237
510
126
20
1
237
247
206
105
6,607
Tons.
1,278,668
136,469
186,794
203,981
128,679
95,926
7,553
9,429
83,488
659,158
176,333
25,800
1,293
79,793
83,698
67,820
835,006
8,460,870
Departures.
Sailings vessels.
818
8,940
No.
Tona.
18
7.627
1,325
898,744
60
14,560
24
968
79
5,968
216
15,367
22
6.078
109
4,726
10
2,670
1,858
140,944
87
649
19
1,738
248
99,302
20
8,062
70
21,436
17
7,620
69,263
796,623
Steamers.
No,
Tona,
1,769
1.226,671
272
99,099
506
185,787
671
229,498
828
121,800
218
95,845
219
7,558
91
9,688
152
146,871
420
280,824
120
169.527
6
6.484
19
SQ,519
78,176
232
9
8,624
194
65,328
856
179,310
5, 594
2,928,846
From the same source I have compiled the following table, which gives the arrivals
bom and departures to each nation trading with the Argentine RepubUo:
52
COMMEHCIAL RELATIONS.
Arrivals and departures frinn each oowfilrf •
To and from—
Germanj
Asia
Went Indies
S3C I y * laip ••«•*«• ••••«••••••••■ •••#••■••
Braxll
Canada ~
Chili
Spain
United States
France
Norway
Paraflraay ...;
Great Britain
Sweden »
Urug^uay «
Italy ^
Portugal
South Africa «
Mezioo
Peru „
Venezuela
Other countries
Total
* AxriTalfl.
Sailing Teasels.
No.
41
8
4
81
«2
44
2
48
816
9e
7
247
662
1
4,096
20
2
...ft.
42
6,604
Ton*.
17,861
2,620
934
18.827
18,986
28,048
629
22,617
198,671
89,370
8.689
14,219
883,719
50
294,910
8,461
1,565
6,181
1,010,781
Steamers.
No.
161
130
184
3
43
7
172
1,269
868
4,186
99
Tons.
211, 2U
148,620
80,990
8,758
63,170
6,762
264,968
391,217
725,388
1,461,948
16^893
6,607 18,460.870
Departures.
Saaing
No.
8
26
821
12
182
8
66
10
169
26
•213
874
1
2,499
•
1
1
4
2
24
8,940
Tom.
1.206
18,860
*ie2,117
6,024
68^506
1,688
67,936
4,199
112,868
12,641
16,712
168,467
478
185,664
1,124
879
603
8,480
818
11,236
796,628
Steamers.
No.
140
12
97
188
6
12
12
221
1,832
8S8
8,170
78
1
6^684
Tonm.
209.081
16,666
137,735
36,225
9.256
18,844
12.501
420,108
413, 146
443,964
1,061,473
181,822
691
1,846
2,928,340
The following table compiled also from the same soaroe giyes the arrivals and depart'
ares of both sailing vessels and steamers, according to nationality:
Arrivals and departures according to naiionaUty.
Flag.
German
Belgian
Brazilian
Spanish
French ,
Engiiah
Italian
Argentine
United Btate«.
Norwegian ....
Paraguayan ..
Uruguayan....
Not classified.
Total
Arriyids.
Sailing vessels.
No.
86
43
55
13
422
2S4
2.699
74
390
161
1,256
211
6,694
Tona.
83,452
1,696
12.084
6,169
222,713
123.791
214, 540
42,509
198,635
6,104J
6M, 272^
90,766
1,010,731
8te«meia.
No.
161
28
124
30
424
2,646
95
2,806
6
84
297
7
6,607
Tona.
220,449
38,303
24,692
35.060
436.048
1,666,687
150,795
825.861
1,725
12, H9^
40,460
8,883
3,466,870
Departures.
Sailing
No.
102
43
36
14
356
227
1,919
60
831
U6
610
127
3,940
Tons,
46,746
2,043
9,555
6,381
193,953
110.673
142, 557
40,174
143.419
4.419
30.185
65,548
795,623
Steamers.
No.
164
27
111
28
551
1,890
81
2,470
3
72
188
4
6,584
Tons.
87,634
18,898
29,730
487.889
1,203,006
134,329
737,930
2,480
^^9,848
4,403
2,928,346
INT£BNATIONAL BIVEB NAVIGATION,
As I have explained in a former report, it mast not be supposed that the large amoont
of tonnage repKsented in the foreizoing tables was entirely ocean commerce. From the
last preceding table, giving the arrivals and departures according to flag, it will be seen
that a very large proportion of what is classified as Argentine foreign shipping comes
under the Argentine^ Uragnayan, Paraguayan, and Brazilian flags. None of the tonnage
thus represented is engaged in ocean navigation, but is employed in what is called the
coasting trade along the |ja Plata, Parand, Uruguay, and Paraguay Rivers, between the
various porta of the Argentine Kepublic and those of the opposite shores, belonging to
Uruguay, Paraguay, and the interior provinces of Brazil. To get at the exact figures
SOUTH AMERICA. — ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.
53
of the actnal ocean nayigation of the Arge/itine Cepablic it is necessary to dednct all
this intematiooal river commerce from the total figures and only put down the balance
as ocean commerce, as follows:
»
Ocean navigtUioTi,
Arrivals.
International river trade
la ocean trade
Total
Bailing veaflela.
No.
4,159
1,536
6,694
Tons.
288,602
722,129
1,010,781
Steamers.
No.
8,210
8,397
6,607
Tons.
903.918
2,566,962
3.460,870
The following table separates the departures respectively:
Departures.
International river trade..
In ocean trade
Total
Sailing vessels.
No.
2,688
1,252
3,940
Ton*.
179,234
626,389
795,628
Steamers.
No,
2,811
2,743
Tons.
800.534
2,127,812
5,584
2,928,346
By thus separathig the internatioQal river navigation from that of the interocean it
will be seen that the figures of the latter are considerably less than would be inferred
from a casual glance at tbe official returns. The average size of the sailing vessels en-
gaged in the international river trade was about 65 tons, while the average size of those
engaged in the ocean trade was 500 tons. The average size of the steamers engaged in
the international river trade was 276 tons, while the average size of those engaged in
the ocean trade was 750 tons.
NO AMEBICAN STEAMEBS BEBB.
It will once more be observed that during the year 1887, as has been the case in all the
previous years, the flag of the United States does not figure in the tables of arrivals and
departures of steamers. No merchant steamer bearing the eusign of our country ever
appears in Argentine waters. The official returns Inform us that during the year twelve
steamers sailed from this country for the United States, and that seven steamers from
the United States arrived here. The latter were not regularly engaged in the trade, but
were *' ocean tramps'' chartered to bring cargoea of kerosene to the river Plate; while
the departures were cargo steamers belonging to the Lamport & Holt Line, which for
several years have once a month made regular voyages to New York. None of these,
however, ever return direct, but cross over to Liverpool, whence they make their return
to Buenoe Ayres. Thus they are of no possible assistance to American shippers seeking
a market for their merchandise in the river Plate.
SAILING VESSELS FBOM THE UNITED STATES.
The number of sailing vessel which arrived here from the United States during 1887 was
316, with a total tonnage of 198,671 tons. Of these only 74, with a tonnage 42,509 tons,
carried the United States flag, while 242 vessels, with a tonnage of 156, 162 tons, belonged
to other nationalities. In other words, three-fourths of the sailing vessels which brought
cargoes from the United States during 1887 were under foreign flags. The reason for
this, as I have time and again explained, is not because we have no vessels suitable for
the Argentine trade. On the contrary, our merchant ships, in build, staunchness, and
speed, are far superior to those which have obtained the control of the carrying trade be-
tween the Argentine Republic and the United States. But our merchants and ship-bro-
kers will not charter them at fair rates, when they can obtain cheaper and for lump sums
the miserable old hulks of Norway and Italy. Of course, a very large percentage of
the cargoes, when delivered here, are found to have been damaged in the transit; but of
what importance is this to the chatterers, so long as the United States underwriters per-
tiat in giving these unseaworthy vessels a class, and then cheerfully pay all the damages
54
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
for cargoes delivered in an nnn^erehantable condition. I repeat what I have beretofore
said, that *'if onr anderwritera were a little less anxious forall the business that offered,
and would make nse of a little more judgment in these cases, bj establishing rates,
which discriminated against nnseaworUiy bottoms, a stop wonld be put to this phase of
our carrying trade,'' and first-class American ships woold once more have a chance.
FOBKION CX>MM1E&GB OF THK ARGBimNK BSPUBLIC.
The imports of the year 1887 exceed those of 1886 by $21,943,380. The exports of
1887 exceed those of 1886 by $14,386,979. The imports of 1887 are greater than the ex-
ports by $32,930,305. The following is a comparison of the foreign commerce of the last
two years:
. Ck>mmeroe.
1888.
1887.
IncraMA.
JBiXp^avB*........ •.••■•.«
809,408,745
89,884,841
$117,862,139
84,421,820
831,948,880
14,586,979
Totftl.. ...........
169,243,686
201,773,945
86,530,889
From the returns published by the national statLstical office I am enabled to compile
the following table showing the imports and exports of each custom-house in the country.
Imparta and exports of each eustoffi-'houae.
Ou&lom-house.
Ajo
Alvera
Biiradero ,
BRhia-filancft.
Bella Vista
Buenoe Ayres.
Corapana
Colon
Conoepclon .
Concordia...,
Corrienies ..
Chuput.........
Diamante ...,
Knipedrado,
P^quina
Formosa.
Goya..
Galeguay
Oaleguay chti
Helvecia
Jujuy
Imports.
82.806
8,279
81,009
179, rs
119,216
93,819,121
611,026
76,100
383,973
768,999
238,853
108,159
21,749
12,625
49,549
13,320
92,860
131.207
?44,463
La Pas
La Plata
Mendoxa
Monte Oaseros.
Paran&
Paso de Ion Llbres.
PataRones
Rasario
Salta
Santa P6..
San G6ronimo
San Juan
San Lorenzo...,
San Nioolas ....
San Pedro
Santo Tom6
Trinchera
Victoria
Zarat^
Total.
319. 612
67,274
1.127,912
42. W3
63.540
650.047
28,362
Exports.
887,854
6,967
108,785
1,119,757
38,235
63,124,504
1,200,339
521.963
196,127
2,108,725
16,257
423,823
97.200
28,899
16,172,687
183,823
1.549,510
5,890
898,953
2,598
9,672
8,438
84,785
277,792
TotaL
117,352,125
93,163
682,432
979,620
64,566
78,'.>46
144,410
71,794
468,168
no, 414
47, 147 I
2,870
8.044
13,582,939
109,019
2,420,658 I
12,672
571,850
1,297.819
2,934,175
806,948
13,285
807,909
t
643,064
89Q.660
14,854
189,794
1,298,952
153,451
146,443.625
1,811,365
998,068
580,100
2,872,724
255,100
108,159
445,671
109,829
78,444
18,320
186,025
713,629
1.224,063
64,666
897,858
211,684
1,190,708
510,071
173,954
697,194
50,738
5,044
29,759.626
^292,842
8.970,168
12.672
577,740
1,297,819
8,883.138
806,546
22.957
816,343
34,785
920.856
84,421,820 201,773,946
From this table it will be seen that the great bulk of the foreign commerce of the Ar-
gentine Kepublic continues to flow in even increased proportions through the port of
Buenos Ayres, the port of Rosario following next with an amount greater than that of
all the remaining ports put together.
SOUTH AMERICA — ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.
55
MOySAISNtS OF ABOENTIK£ TBADE ACCOBDtNO TO NATIONALITY.
Tlie foreign commeroe of the Argentine Bepnblic for 1887 was distribiited among the
different conntrite of the world as A>llow8:
Oountriea.
Soathem Africa^....
Germany
^'est Indies
Belgium ....^
Bolivia
Braiffl
Canada
Chill ^
Spain
XlDited States
France ....»
Italy. ^
Holland
Parafpuay
Portugal
Great Britain
Sweden
Uruiriiay.......^
All other oomitries.
Total.
912,108,456
5,942
10,947,965
67,996
2,517,913
71,142
16,195
5.005,699
11,004,553
22,743,550
7.037.741
432,128
1,307,928
61,788
34,779,219
.30,499
6,507.934
2,712.667
Exports.
811,861
9,835,754
783,296
12,111,531
191,290
1,811,112
' l,"l50,"578
1,321.203
5,938,808
24,871.354
8,107.113
13.250
423, -^95
14,517
17,085,001
**'2,*866',665
3,361,364
ToUl.
117,352,125 ' 84,421,820
811,851
21,944,210
789,238
23,059,486
252,086
4,359,055
71,142
1,266,771
6,3'26,902
16,913,361
47,614,904
10,144.854
445,378
1,731,718
76,31)0
61,864.220
30.499
8,867,939
6,074,081
201,778.945
COMPARISONS BETWEEN 1886 AND 1887.
Comparing the trade retnms of the Argentine Repabltcof 1887 with those of 1886 we
find that the imports have increased from the following countries, to wit:
IMPOSTS.
Country.
Increase.
GMmany ,
Belgium
Brasil
Spain
United States
France
12.063.581
8,226,038
20B,979
1,288.104
3,331,269
5,741,512
Country.
Italy
Portugal f.
Great Britain.
Sweden
Uruguay
Increase.
82,890.504
7,885
1,846,5»9
30,499
669,884
And fiom the following countries the imports have diminished:
Country.
West Indies
Bolivia
Gsnada .....m.* .
Chili
Decrease.
814,161
261,209
723,648
62,503
Country.
Holland
Paraguay ..j.
Other countries not named
Decrease.
8348,119
106.817
486,628
EXPOBTS.
The exports of the Argentine Republic for 1887, compared with those of 1886, have
increased to the following countries:
Country.
South Africa..
Germany
Belgium
Boliria .•.,
Spain
United States
Increase.
85,080
8,884.846
1,186,794
10,298
164.756
2,358,402
Country.
France
Italy
Holland
Paraguay
Great Britain
Other countries not named
Increase.
82.629,171
680,675
13.250
4,641
7.913,152
160,149
56
COMMEBCIAL BULATIONS.
And daring th« same period thej haye decreased from the following oonntries:
Ooontric
West Indies
Brasil .............M«...«..<(<
OhUl
1349,444
102,101
1,168,274
Oonntries.
Portugal.,
Sweden ..
Umguay.
IS08.171
81,926
407, 6U
TOTAL TBADS.
The total trade, indading imports and exports for 1887, compared with that of 1886,
has increased from the following oonntriee:
Oonntry.
Sooth AMea
G«nn«ny.
Belgium ......
BrasU
Spain
Xnorease.
96,000
6,918,427
4,812,932
106,888
1,442,860
Country.
United States
France
Italy
Great Britain
Uruguay ~ .-:
86,609,671
8.270,783
8,02U179
9,839.710
160,693
And the following countries show a decrease in the total amonnt of their trade with
the Argentine Republic for 1887, compared with the previous year:
Ck>untiy.
West Indies
Bolivia
Canada .....
Chili
Holland
Decrease.
8369,616
260, 9U
723,648
1,220,777
884,869
Country.
Paraguay..
Portugal
Sweden
Other countries not named
$101,278
396,292
1,427
8,286,479
From the figures presented in the above tables of imports and exports, it appears that
in the amount of imports Great Britain by a great odds still continues at the head of
the category, while France comes second, followed at a respectful distance by Germany,
the United States, and Belgium, in their order.
In exports, France continues to occupy the first place, followed in their order by Great
Britain, Germany, and the United Stat^
In total trade, Great Britain remains in the lead, with France a good second, followed
by Belgium third, Germany fourth, and the United States fifth. The actual percentage
is as follows: Great Britain, 25.70; France, 23.60; Belgium, 11.42; Germany, 10.87;
United States, a39; Italy, 5.02; Uruguay, 4.39; yarious, 10.61; totiO, 100.
DETAILS OF THB FOREIGN COMMEBCB.
From the returns made to the Argentine national statistical office I haye compiled
the following table, which giyes the amount and yalue of each article of import and ex-
port of the Argentine Republic for the year 1887:
IMPOBTS.
Articles
Animals:
Aasea number...
Horaee do.
Hogs do
Sheep do
Mules do
Horned catUe do
Total,
Ofiloialvalae.
9650
102,744
2,470
129,020
18,800
166,398
409,577
BOUTH AMERICA — AKGENTINE REPUBLIC.
67
IMPORTS-Contlniied.
Artlolee.
Qroceries and comestiblea:
Olive oil...^ kilograms...
OliTea do
Slareh.; « do
Bice do
Saffron » .-..do
Bogar, refined do
Other claBses do
Fish, dried .....do
Cocoa do
Coffee do
Cinnamon do
Preparations of meat do
Barley do
Chocolate do
Coca „ do
Confe<;tioner7 and dulces do
Spiceeand condiments do
Arina.^ do
Preserved Tegetables do
Maocaroni do
Frnits,firesh « .,
Fruits, dried and preserved .....kilograms...
Floor, wheat.. do
Flonr of other grains do
Hams *...M. do
Vegetables, dried and canned do
Com...... do
Butler » dcu
Lard....... do
Honey do
Biscuit and crackers^ do ,
Figs. ; « , do
BMsins. do
Fish, preserved.. do
Cheese do
Salt, table do
Sausages do
Tea do
Bacon do
Wheat « do
Yerba, Paraguayan do
Yerba, Brazilian do
Quantity.
Total.
Liquors :
Mineral waters, bottled ^ dozens...
Do -
Do. M liters...
Bitters do
Bitters, bottled dozens...
CaSa liters...
Beer do
Beer,bottled dozens...
Chartreuse, bottled do
Cider, bottled do
Cider. « liters...
Brandy.. do
Brandy, bottled dozens...
Oln, botUed : do
Oin M liters...
Bum do
Bum, bottled •. dozens...
Whisky, bottled do.....
Whisky »% liters...
Alcohol and other liquors do
Alcohol and other liquors, boj^tled do
Sirups
Wines:
Champagne .- dozens...
Sherry , , do
Port do
Bordeaux , do
Vermouth „ do
Vermouth .-. liters...
Other classes. bottles...
Sberrv, in casks liters...
Port, in casks do
Bordeaux, in casks do
Other classes, fine, in casks do
Other dassest common, in casks do
9,M6,Q26
479,919
890, 7U)
16,099,471
4.329
22,912,687
18,066
015,450
160,406
8,036,214
20,681
161,809
435,806
120,668
7o,226
239,045
1,8H0,889
8,548,482
257,466
118,204
1,771,838
6,230
106,603
216,941
1,484,609
2,690
18,298
188,162
5,841
65,236
300,868
547,224
1,509,581
1,697,961
•64,717
36,698
624,789
5^41
42,438
6,519,731
18.565,427
58,202
89,072
238,920
27,665
68,832
483,807
52,812
280,997
4,464
714
1,417
232,129
150,475
7,054
2,419,571
46,496
9,415
5,251
. 12,494
345,483
30,306
20,122
3,988
24,369
85,478
64,455
81,477
21, 169
110, 199
260,733
87,829,522
51,371
«0,516,17fl
Official
value.
$1,976,109
76,445
148,072
1,448,941
60,610
4,353,407
2.349
154,709
41,804
875,668
10,754
80,481
21,205
120,668
87,613
137,216
396,355
177,422
- 27,996
^^ 22,596
68,898
828,880
418
21,991
117, 147
202.594
38
9,516
58,578
802
16,648
46,210
117,677
580,145
1,07% 629
57,283
24,106
624,789
2,417
1,697
912.762
1,492,198
15,924,843
98,950
234,482
136,078
11,577
412,992
72,500
8,978
654,723
66,960
1,499
610
83.566
902,850
21,162
405,447
18,597
75,320
22,054
4,996
115,850-
138,720
6,336
166,409
81.940
194,872
212,868
826,730
9,444
99,916
57,303
130,881
8,782,952
18,608
6,961,618
58
COMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
ArtldM.
■••• •••««« •• ■
JJqoow OontlaiiedL
.Jltet*.
•••«•••«•«••
»••*«•••«■••
«••••••••««••• •••*■• ••#«•••••••••••••*•■
T6b«oco:
Ctgara, HaTMia .
Cigars, other danea
Tobacco, Havana ^ ~.
Tobacco in tho leaf.
Tobacco, Havana, cut
Tobacco, otber kinds, cut..
Snnff..^. M..........
••••••■••••••••«•••«•••••«•
«••«•••«•••« •«•«•♦•«
• •••«•• • ••••« ••••*
.kilograms.
do
.^^ do....
do....
do....
do....
.do....
Total..
«••• •••«•••••••••••••« «
••• •••••• ■
••««»• •••••• •«•••• >•«••• ■
»•«■•• ■•««»• •«••••
Woven goods
'Cloths.
etat
Oil-cloths......... ^ ». meters...
Aiatting... •«...• ...a... ........ .■......*..•.».•»•••...•..••.•«•... .......M *••••. Kilograms..
Shag » ..- do
Sack-cloth........ ~ do
Pack-thread do
Felt do
Sail doth........ — do
Gassimeres of wool do
Caasimeres of othi« classes do
Ribbons, silk.. ~ -do
Ribbons, other classes ...do
Cording, silk do
Cording, other classes .....do
Hair-doth do
L4M)es. edging!, and tulles do
Tow cloth do
Plush, woolen do
Plush, other classes do .....
Flannel, woolen jdo
Flannel, other classes do
Thread:
In carrots do
Sewing ....do
Silk do
Tarns ,do....
Impermeable doth..... do....
Cordsge do....
Duck , i » do....
Wlcklng 4k do...
Billiard cloth do....
Clothes lines and small rope do....
Hemp thread do....
Soles for alpargate shoes do....
Prunella do ...
Lace, gold and silver do ...
lisce, silk do....
Cotton goods.... do....
Hempen goods do....
Linen goods do....
Woolen goods .do....
Mixed gOTds do....
Silk goods do....
Jute goods do....
Jute goods ..meters...
Velvet goods, silk «. ....kilograms...
Rubber goods do....
Chints and calico goods do....
Total.
Clothing, etc: '
Shirts for men „ dozens...
Shirts for women do
Undershirts, silk kilograms...
Undershirts, other kinds dozens...
Drawers, silk ..kilograms...
Drawers, other kinds „do
I>o dozens...
Cravats. do
Qownsand skirts. do
Collars and cuffs , do
Corsets do
Hats and bonnets for women do!..!..
Qnaatitj.
187,824
1,150
81, 7»
257,200
7,246
85,417
4,808,780
iP7,730
220.381
10,123
M.4B2
4,110
587,860
9,960,949
2,067,280
12,953
257,606
946,548
842,225
9,2S5
48,959
903
8,801
* 8,641
116,181
126,082
25,781
279,679
228,549
24,880
208,348
1,831,337
6,795
108,812
24,250
1,226,610
678,118
66, KISS
8,286
698, 119
176,041
854,769
7,617
17,777
7,181,859
97,939
866,141
489,276
•49,569
55,181
189,328
811
1,487
98,147
2,466,860
80,790
2,915
1,065
870
110
985
6,048
48,390
8,709
89,078
17,872
16,741
OAdsl
value.
I»,618
1,725
15,488,437
166,016
844.901
11,816
34,099
960,0^3
64,184
96,167
12,148
l,e79,38S
29,044
2.466
474.984
1,992.190
1,600,400
21,929
251,381
1,898,096
758,002
282,126
104,545
8,797
8,225
2,984
22,898
51,568
801,680
411,389
82,248
79,172
444,174
107, MO
250,231
403,516
48,818
12,402
185,021
12,323
256,430
15,169
' 25.824
68,884
8,078,596
44,603
647,781
1,079,284
1,589,667
796.568
98,897
521
22,900
86,947
2,192.063
22,230,090
276,760
82,648
16,860
1,024
1,760
2,867
86,695
135,618
28,682
68,051
134,836
56,881
SOUTH AMERICA — ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.
59
DCPOBTB-Oontliiiied.
ArtlclM.
Quantity.
Offldal
Talu«.
doihins, «te. — Continued.
QloVea ailk and cotton „ .^.dosana...
Do ........M kilogmma...
Btockiogs:
Silk.....M.. ..*........ mm .«..•. ...•.M> ^dO.
Othar kinds „ do....
Pookat handkarchiafii :
Silk « do....
OUier kinds «. do....
Towala ..doaona.
Keady-made clothing:
Umbrellas and parasols number...
Silk and felt hats.. » dosens.
Yariouti articles :
Cbtton. -...
Hemp....... *.....,
Linen..........
Woolen ,
Mixed «....,
8Uk ,
Other material «
Tdtal.
Drags and diemioals :
Salpfanrio acid ^ ; kilograma...
Muriatic acid ; ; ...do
Nitric acid. do
Other adds
Oil:
Linseed ..do
Palm V » - do
Other kinds .^
White-lead ..kilograms...
Alcohol liters...
Tar..... M..... ...kilograms...
Alum do
Liquid ammonia .« ..do
Indigo.. .M... do
Solphar ;... do
Turpentine »»„ do
Varnish do
Bicarbonate of potash do
Bicarbonate of soda do
Benxlne ^... liters...
Blacking..... kilograms...
'Borax • ., « do
ChloHdeof Ume do......
Carbonate of magnesia , ..do
Oarbonateof poiaasa do
Osrbonate of soda. • ......do
Glue do .*
Colors, in powder..... dc....
Colors, prepared do
Flre-oiaokers. do
Dextrine „.. do
Stearine do
Essences of all kinds
Speciflcs for curing sheep scab
Phosphorus do.....
OIncose. ., , do
Qelatlne ; do
Qum do
Glycerine , «... do
Soap, common , ..do
Soap, perfumed do
Malt ^ do
Medicinal preparations
Perfumery.
Boshi ,
Potaaia.
.kilograms...
.do
Powder and other explosives - do
Various pharmaceutical products and substances
Various chemical products and substances ....,
Common salt ^ hectoliters...
Caldnedsoda kilograms...
Caustic soda •. /, do
Sulphate of iron ~ do
Sulphate of magnesia do
Sulphate of quinine do
Sulphate of lime „ do......
PHatingink ^ do......
6,656
S»961
2,180
764,754
2S,396
262,096
148,104
f)3,792
126,794
054,892
88,147
11,161
627,245
188,606
11,190
140,135
818,476
62,232
60,285
4,210
806,035
772,584
151,418
1,121
58,259
40,000
154,664
62,640
123,906
1^868
18,847
115,270
159,766
1,060,626
8,841,812
100,504
10,251
84,535
2,115
71,086
11,566
165,184
8,828
43.095
120,138
1,703.481
2^527, 075
15,078
114.
848,081
2,284,810
267,842
70,007
4,145
40
260,061
88.416
810,746
20,814
85,024
1,236,662
256,298
466,145
191, 163
1,064,072
89,810
789,249
002,908
20,758
186,368
408,642
408,642
187,759
27,289
7,483,051
47,720
11,442
8,094
28,409
125,449
81,900
94,115
2,013
22,090
80,376
3,171
17,583
10,947
19,832
123,611
88,710
647
4,220
4,253
43,763
9, 396
6,198
743
8,770
5,764
83,113
103,314
813,103
69,820
2,050
10,860
44.105
100,261
2,588
7,193
6,885
78,808
8,101
12,886
66,787
204,410
668,971
4J8,608
76,889
8,016
60,686
188,241
615,266
216,868
00,578
18,749
1,400
200
2,200
6,219
19»481
60
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
IMPORTS— Continued.
ArtiolM.
Dmn and chemicala — Continaed.
Writlnflrink ^....^.........^ kilosmmi...
Tremintine.............. ...m ~ do......
VMeline,oommon « ...« do
Total.
Lumber and wooden ware :
Lumber :
Pine square meters
Walnut.. do....
Oak ....do...
Oedar ....«.« do...
Mahogany do...
Rosewood ;.......... ..do...
Quebracho ^ do...
Other kinds - do...
Trunks and boxes number....
Carts and carringes number...
Siiives and casks
Musioal instruments ..
Launches and boats ...
Furniture »
Pianos number...
Walkinfc-sticks dozens...
Other articles of wood
Total
Paper and its applications :
Paper:
Writlngr. kilograms.
Drawing do....
Printing do....
Wall do....
Wrapping do....
Cover .do....
Cigarette m do....
Drying... m do....
Sand ., do.. .
Silk ; do....
Albums dozens...
Playing cards gross.
Past^KMird ^....kilograms...
Papier mach^
Other manufaotures of paper
Books, blank kilograms...
Books, printed do....
Music ^ , „ do....
Engravings, prints, etc '. .do....
Photographs, lithographs, etc ,
Total
Leather and its products:
Boots and shoes of leather.. ». dosens...
Boots and shoes of cloth uppers do
Portmonnaies, cigar-cases, etc do
Portmanteaus and traveling-bc^gs number...
Saddles , do
Leather gloves.'. dozens...
Harness
Other articles of leather
Goat-skins „ kilograms...
Tanned skins with hair. ..„
Sole -leather „ kilograms-
Other leather. «
Total.
Iron and its manufactures :
Steel, 'unmanufactured kilograms...
Anchors of all sizes do
Needles of all kinds thousands...
Wire:
For fencing kilograms...
For other purposes. do....
Arras and munitions «...,...
Kitchen utensils
Nails of all kinds kilograms...
Chains of all kinds do....
Iron safes „ „ ...., do,...
Quantity.
81,801
• 1,928
12,147
14,B79,328
112,393
M,220
nee, 794
2,688
1,237
84,897
1,020,758
880,431
277
1,885
8,122
097.841
8,545
2,758,797
349,432
2,400,739
93,470
824,001
23,550
4,197
24,905
2,478
2,726
888,615
286,912
376,872
10,435
67,754
62,806
15,009
10,988
1,299
1,607
4,012
918
483,088
88,910
36,097
85,145,425
3,571,880
2,462,203
509,040
880.518
Official
value.
112,190
135
6,073
4,188,998
6,155.658
112.393
44.976
75,988
4.566
4,528
12,979
216,042
00.687
104,896
76,883
186,622
5.450
962,268
400.089
12,691
865,160
8,741,676
183,831
4.443
717,287
135,198
561,858
46,735
275.400
9,420
18,412
9.861
14,849
40,890
48,310
224,336
1«,814
166,442
876,872
8,348
52,389
37,181
8,111,876
888,265
89,790
38,156
6,493
19,122
82,782
131,526
83,110
545
7,785
20,606
991,004
1.753,188
64,023
8,391
19,062
1,863,420
288,101
343,306
966,158
188,.265
66,583
61,624
SOUTH AMERICA — ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.
■
IMPORTS— Continued.
61
Artioles.
lion and Its manulkclares— Continued.
Iron tubing .*- .* kilograme...
CkK>k and other stovea^ do
Cutlery ^ -
Klaetio 8prins:B....M...» ~ kilograms...
Iron hooping: ...mm ~ do
Iron ornaments
Iron, unmanufactured '. .....kilograms...
Iron tools and Implements
Iron furniture.
Steel pens grross
Joists and columns kilograms...
Plows- w number...
Shellers........ do
Seylhes....: kilograms...
Wakes. ........ «MM«..». ..«.»««..»»»«.««» ■'«.«»««» ..••••• •••..•••- .••••••.oo •
Plowshares do
Sowers « number...
Separators ....do
Thrashers » do
ShoYets, spades, and hoes kilograms...
Other implements not otherwise specified „
Pumps '. number...
~ Sewing machines do....
Lithographic presses ^ .'. do....
Other presses- kilograms...
Other tnachinery and motors «
Other manufactures of iron not specified Ji
Total
•••••••••
Materials for constructions :
Materials for-~
Ballways .............^ ..
Mines
Sugar mills
Tramways ....«
Telegraphs
Telephones
Works at Uitalata.....
Water works
Quantity.
2.193,709
2U,900
467,686
1,871,841
85,988,269
Total
Matals and their manufactures :
Jewelry ....-
Bronze in powder klloerrams...
Artistic bronzes - '.
Copper and bronze, unmanufactured ..^ .» kilograms...
Copper and bronze, manufactured
Tin composition, unmanufactured kilograms...
Tin composition, manufactured
Instruments, philosophical, etc
Instruments, musical
Tin in sheets kilograms-
Tin, manufactured
MeUllio belting - «
Silver metal kilograms...
Laminated gold -
Lead, unmanufactured.. kilograms...
Lead, manufactured.. -
Gold watches M number...
Silrer watchM do
Clocks ^..number...
Steelyards, scales, etc. do....
Printing types kilograms,
Zinc, unmanufactured do....
Zino, manufactured
Other metals and their manufactures r
Total.
Stone, glass, and ceramic products :
Tilss, common thousands...
Tiles for paving ~ do
Glass bottles ^ ~ dozens...
Lime - hectlleters ...
Crystals for watches, etc
Glassware »
Lamps, glass, porcelaiUi ete
Crockery ware ^,
80,676
19,802,917
17,985
1,395
460
88,467
84,850
85
1,434
877
890,007
8,212
24,440
178
47,006
2,119
"i'ilSii
'43,613
1,729,842
2,130
'sSiVaQi
8,859
40,653
43,330
5.704
62,368
1,695,256
17.277
8,769
656,143
10,852
Official
value.
8243,789
25,126
405,752
115,465
79,735
1,581.509
1,480,599
689,164
16,640
16.244
792,117
173,206
84,797
239
10.916
90,902
1.334
285,243
866,343
96,996
87,892
29,697
871,632
51,858
7,043
1,846,909
1,659.797
14,889,866
8,634,555
211.418
46,142
2,280
899,237
18,580
67,868
481,093
283,735
5,039,903
797,289
5,296
1,632
88,780
257,380
17,445
988
80,428
3.835
155.688
16,434
692,833
1,065
26,704
76.204
98.842
231.707
109,554
68.763
36,540
32.612
156,491
84,266
637
3,015,263
810,022
80.230
166.840
7,922
1,107
625,245
409,128
418.528
62
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
«
IMPO&TS-Coatiniiied.
▲rlioles.
Slone, kIms, *nd oeramlo produoto-<?ontianed.
Marble, Jasper, alabaaier, eto. :
Unworked............... ...^ ,^,
Worked ^
Moeaio » square meters...
Ol]tJect«orart, statuarjr, eto
Precious stones, unset.
Lithographio stones ...............m.
Qrindstones ^ ^^ kiloirrams...
Building dtones .square meters...
Slate for rooflngr —> do
Porcelain ware ..~
Tiles for roofing thousands...
Hydraulic oement kilograms...
Glass and crystal plate square meters...
Bftirror glass ..do
T6tal.
Oombnstlbles :
Stearins candles - kilograms.
Other candles do....
Stone ooal.. : do....
Ooke... M do....
Wax matches do ...
Wood matches.. ^ ...do....
Kerosene ./ liters.
Total
Tslous mannfaotured articles, eto. :
Articles of fancy
Buttons M gross...
Gorks. kilograms...
Sponges do. ...
Gases of metal, wood, leaUier, etc dozen .
Gutta-percha articles
Toys... ...t. .•
Pendls of all kinds gross...
Hops.. kilograms...
Beltgious ornaments, etc .'.
Paintings, etc
Straw, rushes, etc., and tbetr manufactures
Live plants « „
Leeches
Seeds kilograms...
Utensils for apothecaries, etc ^....^
Utensils for offices, etc :
Various articles, not elsewhere mentioned.. m
Total
Qoantlly.
41,615
83,040
898,297
846,109
23,616
6,8U8
28.9n,759
626,905
26,830
706,401
2.40a
407,986.619
1,104,318
16.579
182,851
17,869,719
416,778
248,481
5,704
1.117
10,678
oi, woo
44,050
Grand total of imports.
Official
value.
$182,498
19,617
88,117
84.126
169,847
8,304
15.142
692,214
9,396
276,856
265,100
579,555
24a, 071
154,107
4,737,861
212.520
2,170
4,079.866
18,778
14,092
42,518
1,340,299
5,710,163
1»066^962
188,881
86.972
25,455
5,807
18,602
203,807
12,410
17,493
11,824
20.766
150,180
83,781
720
16,620
108,420
111,989
1.486,996
8,537,555
117.852.125
EXPORTa
Products of the catde Industry :
Animals on the hoof:
Asses number...
Horses » • do
Hogs .M do
Sheep do
Mules.... do
Homed caUle do
Ox-horns kilograms...
Hair do
Skins:
Goat ..
Kid.
.do.
.Jo
Sheep, unwashed ........do
Hides:
Ox and cow, dry number...
Ox and oow, salted do
Horse, dry ..do
Horse, salted do
Hide cuttings..
Wopl, unwashed .^ kilograms...
Total
6,200
29.418
6,445
70,707
1,626,984
1,977,281
778,900
888,650
80,447,716
2,508,500
699,837
115,618
209,252
1,180,729
100,164,888
12,400
88,220
40
42.884
108,178
1,415.625
182,026
988,643
460 140
699.569
6,696,406
8.406,742
3,639,096
231,286
623,128
70,844
82,749,815
06^968,408
eOUTH AME;EICA — ABOENTINE REPUBUC.
63
EXPORTS— Continued.
ArtiolM.
Rrodnctv of agrlcuUure :
Caoary seed ^
Barley
Fresh ftiiit........
Plaz-eeed
Maize or Indian com ^
Peanuts „ ,
Potatoes
Baled hay .do
Beans ^ .' do
Turnip seeds do
Other seeds .'....;, do
Wheats do.
.kiloffraois.
do....
do....
do....
do...
do....
.do....
do....
Quantity.
4,194,777
600, 06B
825,816
Total
Industrial products.
Animal oils ~..... .kilograms..,
Sugar do ,
Meat and jerked beef.. ....do
Meat, oonoentrated do
Froxen mutton carcaases...^ do
Kxtract of meat .« do.
Maoaroni ~ do
Guano » do
Meat powder do ....
Flout •. do
Tonfcues. salted or preserved ..do
Pepein do
Cheese •. do
Grease and tallow do
Various congealed meats.. do
Total
Products of the forests :
Vegetable carbon hectoliters...
Sleepers , ^number...
Nanderbery posts do
Various woods
Split pickets..... do......
Pickets do
Quebracho lumber.. square meters...
Total
Products of the mines :
Copper in bars .........kilograms...
Copper mineral.. ., do
Silrer mineral do
Lead mineral do
Virgin silver do
Total
Produce of the ohase :
Skins:
Carpinoho. number...
Nutria kllogranu...
Various
Ortrich feathers kilograms-
Total
Various articles and products :
Bones and bone ash „ kilograms.
Wax do....
Old Iron - do....
Honey do....
Dried blood -do....
Other articles of Argentine production
Various re-exported articles
Total
Grand total of exports.
81,208,176
861,844,906
8,367,380
191,240
12,876,411
33,980
940,821
133,785
237,865,926
181,069
6,608
28.984,243
963,112
8,257
87,944
68
881,176
61,000
5,401,096
139,933
25,100
4,445
7,169,649
128,664
80,720
6,094
109,677
225,456
91,077
12,470
143,287
4,110
106,780
156,936
1,699
6,998
948,047
28,006
23,546,972
4,539
1,882.000
82,920
34,632
Offldal
Talua.
•62,924
86,006
16,516
5,287
4,060,409
7.236,886
134,696
7,650
148.506
1,697
87,638
5,351
9,514,635
21,268,141
18,350
860
2.896,424
12,038,889
a3,Q29
75.888
14
9,935
15.250
878,076
20.990
25,100
889
788,777
8,887
4,712,759
80,720
18,282
14,258
149,675
67,636
44,548
5,095
330,214
67,315
1,644
68,090
12,564
61,753
186,356
2,799
471,523
96.318
39,028
609,848
296^685
1,490
27,640
8,951
1.416
616,586
108,196
1,051,014
84,421,820
64
COMMERCIAL BELATIONS.
IMPOSTS AMD XXF0BT8 OV GOLD.
In the foregoing details of the foreign oommeroe no aooonnt is taken of the imports
and exports of coined money. The imports of go!d in 1887 were $0,748,596, while the
exports were $9,877,185. So that, if we include these ilfems, as does the minister of
finance in his report, the total imports in 1887 will amount to $127,100,721, while the
total exports will reach to $94,299,005; total commerce, $221,399,726. Comparing the
imports and exports of coined money for the last two years, tiie minister gives the fol-
lowing result:
Movementa of oolned money.
1886.
1887.
TotiO.
Imports M
920, 6M, 682
8,868,018
10,748,596
0.877,186
Sao.384.25S
Exports
18,245,203
BxOMff .......>
12,267,644
128,689
12,189,065
Thus, the minister figures that there are now $12,139,055 more coined money in the
country than there was in 1886. These importations of gold, it will be borne in mind;
are the results of the late loans made by the Government in England, for the purposes
of internal improvements, banks, etc.
But, according to the general laws of trade, it can not be very long before what re-
mains here of Sieee imports of gold will find its way back to meet the balances whidi
go on increasing against the country.
EXCS8S OF IMPOBT&
Leaving out of the account, however, this influx of gold into the country, the impor-
tations of merchandise for 1887 are much greater than those of any year since the organ-
ization of the Government. In every department of trade there has been an increase.
The following table, which I have compiled from the custom-house returns, ^ves a
comparison of the imports of 1887 with those of the previous year:
Comparison between 1886 and 1887.
Classes of imports.
Animals on the hoof.
Alimentary substances
Liauors..
Tobaccos
Woven goods
Ready-made clothingr and confections
Wood and its applications
Paper ^
Leather, etc w
Iron and ironwRre
Bnildinff materials
Materials for other purposes
Gla-ss and crockery ware
Combustibles, coal and light
Various articles
Chemicals, drugs, etc
Ships* stores, etc
188S.
$157,072
12,865,787
10,691,123
1,581,380
21,994,618
8,678,566
6,878,167
2,409,618
1,328,520
12,920,715
5,102,777
2,683,267
4,053,465
6,471,661
2,666,236
3,697,015
29,709
1887.
|«09,677
15,924.843
15,488,437
1,679,388
22,280,090
7,433,951
8,741,676
8,111,876
1,758,183
14,359,366
5,039,903
3,015,263
4,727,861
5,710,163
8,608,472
4,188,998
29,088
«852,606
8,009,056
4,797«814
96,008
235,477
8,706,885
1,868,500
621,258
424,668
1,438,661
62,874
881,996
674,896
238,602
842,236
481«96S
• As I have said on a former occasion, it is very evident that ''the imports are out of
all proportion to a healthy condition of trade. ' ' The country is persistently buying more
than it sells, and consuming more than it produces. The difference must be met by
seuding abroad the gold that is in the Republic, draining it, as it were, of the very means
which the Grovernment seeks by loans to provide for its industrial development. When
the power of the Government to borrow is exhausted, the condition of the country will
be unfortunate unless meanwhile something is done to stimulate production and thus in-
crease the exports.
SOUTH AMEBICA — ^A.ROENTINE SEPUBLIO.
65
ANALYSIS OF THE EZPOBT TBADS.
That much is being done In this direction, however, is evident from the last trade re-
taro^ As has been seen from the tables already given, the exports of 1887 are 114,586,-
979 greater than those of 1886, an increase of more than 20 per cent on the previous
year. Thtf principal increase was in the following products:
Aitlolee.
Ox and oow hides, dry^ number.^
UnagNod ^..,: » ^ ~ kilograms...
Wheat ^ - do
Frocenaheep do
Increase in
quantity.
709,896
43,493 775
200,001,512
4,416,254
Increase In
value.
12,202,458
2,233.988
8,004,259
581,646
In the following articles, however, there was a decrease:
Artloles.
and oow hides, salted ^ number...
Jerked beef ^ „ kilograms...
and tallow ^ ^ ».....: do
Decrease in
quantity.
115,978
17,626.827
6,673,008
Decrease in
▼alue.
$506,564
1,762,682
931,006
In wool the quantity exported during 1^87 was 22,986, 113 kilograms less than in 1886;
bat in 1887 its official value was greater, and hence it shows an increase of |;2,'233,988
in value.
The relative value of the different classes of exports of 1887, compared with those of
1886 was as follows:
ArUoles.
Products of the cattle Industry.
Products of agriculture
Industrial products ^
Timber exported „
Minerals
products of wild auimals
Various exports
1886.
152.903,847
8,841,336
6,600.257
326,623
155.029
851,021
1,514,538
1887.
155,282,102
21,257,320
4,339,934
277,944
186.160
606,738
1,802,082
Difference.
2, 678, 755 more.
12, 91 \ 984 do.
2,360.3*^3 less.
48.679 do.
31. 121 mure.
253. 537 do.
482,456 do.
The wonderful increase in the exports of agricultural products, as exhibited in the
above table, is all the more gratifying, as only a tew years ago it was generally proclaimed
th&t it was impossible for the Argentine Republic ever to be an aicricultural or grain-
producing country. Aa will be seen, the principal factors which now enter into the ex-
port trade are the pastoral industry and agriculture, the latter of which is receiving a
veiy remarkable development and is promising most satisiactory results for the future.
Of course, for years to come, the exports of wool and sheep-skins, and the products of the
cattle-killing establishments must continue to be the great items of export, but the pro-
duction ef cereals is getting to be a most important industry; the crops now not only
supplying the demands of the home market, which heretofore were supplied from abroad,
but the surplus now, every year, adds larirely to the aggregate of exports. With tbe an-
nual increase of an agricultural immigration from Europe it will not be very long before
the products of the farm will contest for the first place with those of the pastoral in-
dustry. Until there is a very decided increase in the exports, or a decrease in the im-
ports, the commerce of the country, however, can not be said to be in a prosperous or safe
condition.
ABOXKTINB COMMSBOB WITH EACH OOUNTBT.
The tendency of the Argentine people to run into extravaKanoes is seen by a crlance at
the commerce of the Argentine Republic with the countries with which it, principally
trades. £ach year the bills for imports show an increase in lines of goods which do not
enter into or contribute to the development of the resources ol the country, but simply
gratify the luxurious tastes of the people.
10611 O B 5
66
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
KBTURNS OF TBADB WITH THB DIFFXBKNT OOUimEmBB.
As a matter which most needs he of oonsiderahle interest to oar own ^lerchants and
maiiafacturers, seeking new markets for their surplus, I proceed to examine the trade
returns of the more important countries with which the Argentine Republic has com-
mercial relations, or at least those which more directly come into competition with the
United States.
ABGSKTINB TSADB WITH GBBMAKY.
The reoeht deyelopment of the trade with Grermanj' is attracting general aHention.
Its extent will appear from the following table:
Year.
Imports.
Exports.
TotoL
1881 „.:. ^ « ;.
1882 »
1883
•2,865,152
8,527,670
4,764,623
7,028,061
8, ^ 68, 930
7,262,999
8,044.875
12,108,456
•3,541,828
4,004,887
4,803,961
4,823,827
6,818,713
8,512,443
6,960,906
9,885,754
•4,906,9m
7.532,457
9,668,584
11,851.878
1881 « „
1885
1886
1887
15.682,643
15,775,442
14,505,783
21,944,210
This increase is in great part, if not entirely, owing to the trade methods which Ger-
many some time since adopted with reference to the Argentine Republic, being indeed
exactly those which years ago I sugi^ested for the adoption of onr country, to wit: (1)
Quick and regular steam communication between the two countries; (2) the establish-
ment ot branch houses here interested in the sale of German manufactures, and (3) the
opening of a German- Argentine bank in this city to facilitate exchanges, etc.
The lines of goods imported from Germany during 1887 were as follows:
Articles.
Comestibles and grooeriea...
Ltquon
Tobacoo
Woven goods^
Drugs and chemioals
Wooden ware, furniture, etc
Paper..........
Value.
•1,157,304
686.585
157,834
4,580,674
604,262
637,247
724.314
Articles.
Manufactures of iron
Jewelry, etc ,
Crockery and fclaas ware.
Other importe
Total imports.
Value.
•1,252,690
859,598
028,230
1,879,883
12,108,456
Included in these imports are 16,725 sewing machines and 1,074 pianos.
The exports to Germany, which show an increase of nearly $3,000,000, consisted of the
following articles:
Articles.
Goat and sheep skins
Ox hides (dry and salted)
Horse hides (dry and salted)
Wool, unwashed
Nutria skins
Jerked beef
Value.
•597,389
824,448
597,884
6, 806, 430
153,936
40,8&1
Articles.
Linseed ,
Wheat (10,496,772 kilograms)
Indian com ^..,
Flour
All other articles.
' Total
Value.
•98,676
419,830
132,796
76,719
87,282
•9,835,754
ABGENTIKB TRADE WITH BELGIUM.
While the trade returns with Belgium show a gradual decrease in the volume of ex-
ports to that country, there has been a progressiTe increase in the amount of imports
from there. These in 1880 amounted to only $2,483,105; in 1 887 they amounted to
$10,947,955. On the other hand the exports, which in 1880 reached to $14,356,458,
I
SOUTH AMERICA — ^ABOENTINE BBPUBLIO.
67
amomited to only $12,111,531 in 1887. The total volnme of toide, however, which
amonnted to $16,839,665 in 1880, has now reached to $23,059,486. The following are
the imports of 1867:
AzildM.
y»lne.
AHiolM.
Value.
OroodriM and oomesfclblee'
$1,098,669
474,856
1,952.007
603.084
8,974,786
188,878
Boots And shoes «...
Btons. Klassware. sto
$878,084
908,402
880,194
▼V O^r Cli fikOOCIof vvQ ••••••••••••■••■»■•••••■«•«•••
All other articles
Total
OlMmlfAls
10,947,905
Among the imports were 13,198 tons of iron beams and joists amounting to $527,928,
articles which are here rapidly superseding the use of timber in hoose building. In tiie
item of woven goods is included ready-made clothing, which amounted to $482,971.
The table of exports to Belgium shows no new features. It comprises the following
articleB.
Articles.
—«•••»— #^ •>•♦»••■•—>
Goatskins,
Dry ox hides
Salted hides
Unwanhed wool.
Kziraet of meat and pepsin ..
Unseed....
■ •••— s ■•
Value.
$246,839
682,950
428.745
1,084,008
6,957,800
98,551
185,342
Articles.
Indian com (27,646,636 kilograms).
Wheat (48,486,655 kiloirramfl)
Flour
All other exports...
Total expor^.
Value.
$552,983
1,789,466
19,006
171,812
12,U1,681
The shipments of wool, which in former years went almost entirely to Belgium, are
each year growing less, France having in great part obtained the control of the dip.
The exports of agricultural products, howeyer, to Belgium shows a steady annual in-
ABGSNTIinB TBADB WITH FRAKOB.
The trade of the Argentine Bepublio with France shows a most wonderfiil progression,
the amounts haying almost doubled in the last ten years, while the imports haye nearly
trebled. I giye the figures below:
18S0
1881
1882
U84.....
1886
Imports.
$8,292,872
10.279.793
12,186,824
15,418,907
16,785,590
14,545.198
17,003,088
22,748.550
Exports.
$16,108,202
16,664,408
16,898,992
21,041,495
22,518,871
24,164,829
22,342,188
24,871,854
Total.
$24,896,104
26,934,196
28,585,816
86,460,492
89,803,961
80,710,024
89,844,221
47.614,904
The imports of 1887 consisted of the following lines of goods:
Ariiolefl.
Oroeeriesand comestibles. ....M...t....M..
Wines and other liquors
Woven goods ........^.
Ready-made olothinR
Chemicals, etc »....
Furniture......
Value.
$3,164,771
6,825,544
8,172,902
2,079,555
971,705
542,597
Articles.
Ironware
Jewelry
Other imports
Total .
Value.
$470,781
1,068,012
1,468,065
8,998,298
22,748,660
68
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
The export! to France of late years have in great part consisted of wool and sheep-
akins. The quantity of wool shipped in 1887 was 51,276,586 kilograms, while that of
sheep skins was 19,221,175 kilograms. The quantity of maize exported was 98,8^
tons, while that of wheat was 17,197 tons. The yalne of the principal exports was as
follows:
ArUolM.
Ooat and kid skins...
GOaecp skins
Dry hides......
Linseed
Wool, unwashed ...
••••AS ••••••••• •••••••••••
YaloA.
$499,317
4,228,809
1,04«.876
41ft, 840
lA, 882, 976
Artlolefl.
Maise, or Indian oom...
Wheal
All other exports
•#••.#•••••• •«••••«••
• •••••■•■«• •••«• ••• •■••■••••••••••«••«•••••
XOUu 0SpOaW« •■••■••••••»•• ••••••••••••••«
Value.
«1,977.W2
«87,884
881,640
24,871,354
ABaENTINK TBAOB WITH QBBAT BBITADr.
If the trade with France shows a remarkable progression that with England presents
a still more surprising increase. In the last eight years it has more than triplicated,
since from $17,272,192 in 1880 it has reached to $51,864,220 in 1887. In 188u the im-
ports from Great Britain amoanted to only $12,103,460; in 1887 they were $34,779,211;
in 1880 the exports to Great Britain were $5,168,732; in 1887 they were $17, 085, 001*
The imports £rom Great Britain were as follows:
Articles.
LiTe-stook
Grooeries and oomeatibles,
Liquors ~
Woven goods
Ready-made olothing
Chemioalsand drugs
Pamiture
Paper -
Value.
faoo,iGO
l,297,3d0
476,556
12,505,481
2,150,035
1,227,184
227,587
828,890
ArUolea.
Boots and shoes
Iron and iron utensUs. ...^...^
Jewelry, etc m
Qlass and crockery ware .«..
Stove coal
All other imports.. -....
Total imports
ValM.
1804,548
10,0f«,2at
515,717
000,515
8,854,422
762,680
84,779,819
The exports to Great Britain comprised the following articles:
Articles.
Sheepskins >
Baited ox hides
Wool (unwashed)
Linseed (62,974,9»4 kiloRraros)
Indian corn (177,769,044 kilograms)
Wheat (145.947,643 kilograms)
Bones and bone ash .
Salt beef
Value.
8596,039
1,081,090
509,024
8,148,749
8,555,382
5,837,906
243,219
401,558
ArUdes.
Prosen mutton
Flour
Grease and tallow ....,
Precious woods
Copper and silver ore
All other exi>orts .......
Total exports
YaliM.
8888,708
28,769
378.196
88,988
87,872
890.867
17,080., OOL
It will be seen from this table that the snrplns agricnltnml prod acts of the conntry
are beginning to find a market in England in such quantities as to cause no inconsider-
able increase in the amount of exports to that country.
ABQENTIinS TBAOB WITH OTHEB OOUKTBUEB.
It is hardly necessary at the present time to i^ve the details of the commerce of the
Aif^entine Republic with other countries, as the figures are comparatively unimportant;
and not only is there for the last year no very marked change in the amounts, but they
do not enter into any such competition with the United States as to require any par-
ticular notice.
SOUTH AMERICA — ^AHQENTlNE REPUBLIC.
69
ABOENnXB TRADB WITH THS UNITED STATES.
In Tegard to tbe trade with the United States, as has already been seen, the retains
ebow a \erj important increase not only in the bulk of the trade, but especially in the
imports to the Argentine Republic. In the last eight years these have nearly quad-
mpled. The following are the xetoras since 1880:
United States trade for eight pears.
1881„.
1882..
IS83...
18S4...
1885...
•«•••«•«
•«••••»•■•«<••••••••■••■••« •••••• •«»■■•«•••••••• •«•••••••••« •••••• •■•«•••••••••••
1887...
Imports.
$3,224,748
4,268.110
6,094,764
4,983,054
7,454,832
7,006,719
7,673,284
11,004,553
Ezporto.
15,126,440
4.035,714
2,966,582
3,610.674
4, UD4, O4o
r«, 563, 841
8,580,406
5,968,808
Total.
$8,851,188
8,823,824
8,061,346
8,443,628
11,519,680
12,670,560
11,258,690
16,948,861
It will be observed that this increase is almost exclnsively in the imports, the exports
to the United States being very little larger than they were eight years ago. The Ar-
gentine minister of finance, in commenting on the exports figures in his report, says:
*'This is all owing to the fiscal system which, in practice, a^lntely excludes Argen-
tine wools from that great market.''
DETAILS OV THE TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES.
The following are the retoms of the Argentine national statistical office of the import
and export trade of the United States wit^ the Argfentine Republic:
DCPOBTS FROM THE UIOTED STATSa
ArttdM.
Ureiteck;
.number...
Sheep.. do....
Orooerlea and oomestibles :
OliTe-oil » kilogrrems.
flterob ..M do....
Befloed Bogar.... do....
Cinnamon do....
Ouinedmeata do
Candies and dulcea do....
BBieee and condiments do....
Farina «. do....
Preserved ftrultfl do....
Oanned vegetables « do....
Com-staroh ...............^ do....
Hams .M •» • oo....
Dried beans and peas , do...,
Bntter ............ ^.....^ do...,
Lard « „ do....
Blmp , do ...
Biscntts, oraokerH, etc do...
Dried flsh ,...^.....,..^ ^ do....
Cheese......... ^ do...
^.^sa ••..•M*»....M.«a... ....»*........«.•...... *..•...••.............. M......«>.do....
UqnorB, eto. :
''eer ..a*. . ..MM ...... .....MM •.••.....•..........*•••..•».•..•.•«.....•..••......•.•......••... ..liters
Beer, bottled.. „ dozens...
Oin....^ « liters.
WhislQr, bottled.... ...^ ^..dozens...
Port wine, bottled......... ^....« do...
Yermouth, bottled „ ....do...
Other wines, botUed «..do...
Tobaooo:
Gleam, Havana ^„ kilograms
dean, other kinds. :. do......
Qnantltj.
4
6
51
24,548
349,088
131,383
7,121
6,767
920
7,687
8,000
2,368
11,724
9,520
1,386
13,940
825
150,210
242
832
155,882
1,604
1,298
80
4,071
1,764
196
28
98
49
657
80
Offloial
value.
$2,010
60
6,100
8,992
42,879
34,960
4,404
3,263
498
8,128
150
882
2,168
2,800
721
4,349
430
4A,665
86
236
56,691
1,043
1,296
14
0,489
800
823
224
558
S94
ft, 256
ITS
70
COMMERCIAL RELATIOHS.
IMPOBTS FROM THE UNITED BTATB8— Continued.
AriioUa.
Tobaoeo— OonHnned. •
TolNMWo,HaTan*l«Af.......... .................. ................^ kflogranui.
Tob»coo, olher kinds, leaf....... do....
f ODAOCO| OH* .■•....•...•..*•....«.•.....»....•.....«..••*.«..•........•«•••••*.•........ ...*..00..«.
Woven ffoodB, eto. :
Backing «%• m.....m«».....m ~« .^kiloffrAms.
Bramei&t.....M.....MMM.....M.«.......M m... ■* ••• do.....
Blankets ......... .MM.M -- - do
Pack thread,...........^.. » do ....
Cotton thread •. - do
Bilk thread ., do
Tarns ....do....,
Oil-cloth do....,
Cordase.. do.....
Sailcloth « .....do....
Wiokiner do.,..
House and elothes lines „ do ...
Cotton goods «. do.....
Hemp goods do....
Mixed goods » do....
Jute and straw goods. ». ....do....
Chints and ealioo goods do....
Ready-made clothing :
Shirts, all kinds dozens.
Collars andoufis, all kinds ~ do....
Corsets, all kinds. do....
Coats and pants. ^
Hats doxens.
Other cotton goods
Other wool goods
All other articles '.
Chemicals, drugs, eto. :
i^uantity.
Oils.
Alcohol liters...
Indigo .kilograms...
Turpentine do
Varnish do
Blacking do
Carbonate of soda. do
Paints, in powder. do
Paints, prepared do
Fire-crackers do
Essences
dpeci Acs for sheep-scab.
Glycerine kilograms...
Toilet soaps ~ do....
Patent medicines ^
Perfiimery
Rosin kilograms
Potassa do....
Pharmaceutical products
Chemical products
Calcined soda kilogrnius
Sulphate of lime... do...
Printing ink do...
Writing ink .* <lo...
Turpentine ..do...
Vaseline do...
Lumber, furniture, etc.:
Pine lumber square meters
Walnut lumber do...
Oak lumber do ...
Mahogany lumber „ do...
Other lumber do
Trunks, boxes, eto number...
Carriages w do
Bhooks do
Musical intrumente ^
Furniture of all kinds
Pianos number...
Other articles of wood
Paper, etc.:
Writing paper ^ ........•« kilograms...
Printing paper ».... „ ......do...
Wall paper do...
Wrapping paper do...
Cigarette paper do...
Blotting paper........ do...
Sand paper .jreams
Playing oards gross...)
Papiev-maQh^M m. ,.m....«..mm.......mm.....~..[.
U,818
880,098
622
48,854
10,764
222
74,572
48
70
1,9S0
1,610
89.729
201.721
19,911
10.210
214,115
228
8,190
2,698
254,855
144
lao
60
18
144
1,700
690,915
89,307
109,513
760
25.600
10,481
169,623
16
457
Y.'SaVosi'
3, MO
Official
14.396
47,167
12,674
2,382
1,928
11,926
13,803,656
77,290
53,293
1,784
535,362
12,561
81
18,874
I... *....•.. ......
81
2,800
2,012
16,470
9,492
970
2,836
8,680
6
16,922
97,855
498
9.171
8,073
100
28,837
29
1,244
1,329
806
25,137
153,892
16,260
6,329
156,007
296
1,784
1,246
810,688
101
258
500
788
27
10,811
590
8,949
140
18,746
39
18
110,546
3.844
29,669
88
8,998
1,288
69,868
8.276
90,702
15
307
99.677
8.581
58,296
768
6,294
82,851
976
948
8,788
857
185
6,961
6,876.086
77,890
42,684
8,088
118,964
2,354
5,697
25,874
978
248,396
9,590
89,521
• 1,680
683
4,794
1,828
824
1,184
11,678
90
840
SOUTH AMERICA — ABGENTINE EEPUBLIC.
IMPORTS FROM THB UNITED STATES-Continuod.
71
ArilolM.
r«.. <la ■Oonttnaod.
Otber paper work......^
Blank Dooks
Printad books ^ »
Other printed matter ..^
Photofrnqphs, eto
I<eatber, eta :
Saddloe «
Hai neiB........»»M
Other leather arUoles
limned skins
Iron and iron manufactures : •
Arms and munition^
Wire for fendns
Needles .,
Wire .,
Kitchen ntensils^
NaUs ^
Iron safes.....».
Stovea .,
Ironpipins
Catlerjr. ....••»•
Iron hoops.
Oraaments ..^
Iron, manufactured
Tools....... .^
Iron beams
Agricultural implements, eto. :
Plows
Bhellers
Rakes -
Plowshares
Separators ;..
Thrashers
Spades and shovels «
Other implements ,
Pumps of all kinds
Sewing-machinos
Printing presses
Other machinery
K Other iron manufactures.
Materials for rallwaya
Biaterials for tramwaya
liTarious metals and their manufactures ;
Jewelry
Copper and bronse ornaments
Mathematical instruments......
Tin, manufactured.
Metalllobeltinff
Watches:
Gold
Other kinds
Scales, eto
Printing types
Glassware, eta :
Gil
.kilograms...
do
..do
.number...
.kilograms.
..thousands,
.kilograms.
.kilograms.
do....
.do....
do....
number...
do
.kilograms ..
do
number..
..do
.kilograms...
.number...
do......
number...
.kilograms...
l^mps ......
-Crockery ware
Marble work ,
Mosaia ,
Fanctr articles
Grindstones
Slate roofing ,
Porcelain ware
Hydraulic cement...... ,
Lookin^-glssses.
Combustibles :
Coal
Coke
Keroflene
Other articles and manufactures :
Office and writing utensils
Chemical utensils
Various fancy artUdes^eto
.square meters...
.kilograms...
.kilograms...
do
do
Total impoits
Quantity.
251
16.480
1,753
4,275
10
30,810
67,686
1,040
78,670
4,664
62.061
17,870
25,175
13,591
1.816
8,104
40,618
1,170
144
284,607
2,413
4,932
16
1,618
672
11,270
1,697,806
4,474,556
103,732
11,793,868
».«.».. I... ...«««»».»..
Official
▼alue.
•1,413
124
16,489
1,403
211
80
8,788
1,140
8,264
, ODD
814
120
1,162
65,310
9,262
239
9,440
804
2,324
2,657
60,789
714
116,286
1,007
116.866
13,949
1,054
18,538
284,984
68.971
74,110
57,419
13,961
92,460
740
296,128
90,134
•106,904
148,038
6,232
962
2.666
1,996
56,668
200
82,772
22,735
371
6,648
70,508
6,037
159
461
1118
1,923
4,508
101
38,966
402
44,746
1,763
1,109,540
4.826
0,459
63,866
UfOOl,.*^
72
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES.
"
ArtideiL
Quantity.
Official
Talue.
• •••••• •••••«•••••••••■•■••••••••••••
••«*••••••••••••••••• ••••••do ••••••
541,892
570.540
24,924
1,110,106
60
180,799
4,000,688
102,632
3,561
444.632
18^696
842,824
She^u-flkinfl. unwaahod^
6,48S
Ox ADcl cow hidcflu dry ...».
- number. .
8,606,235
HonH^hides. dry
iOO
Hide ouUinjcB «.
Wool, unwashed... .....m....
«•••••*•••••••••••««••■••••••••••••••
M kiloi^rams...
do
11,888
1,200,190
CAtiary-seed
do
6,156
CarpiDoho skins ».
..do
1,420
Nutria skins
do
222.266
Other skins. «. --
89.671
Ostrich feathers
...... ..........M........do
22.910
5.671,866
1,075,000
82.074
BoneM and bonf> ash
do
86.412
Old iron -
21,500
Other artlolee
"^
2,891
9
Total exporte
5,888,806
ANALYSIS OF OUB IMPORT TBADB.
CoDflidering how nufortnuately oar import trade is handicapped in lacking all the
facilitiee lor a close and intimate intercom manication — withont steamship lines, without
banking advantages, without distinctive American bnsiueas houses heie — the returns for
the last year are very satisfactory. The wonder is that the figures are so large. While
it can not be said that the trade presents any new features, yet it shows a very oonsid*
erable increase in its proportions; and, while the great bulk of our shipments to the
River Plate still consists of crude articles and raw materials of prime necessity which
can not be obtained in other markets, the returns show the beginnings oi a trade in other
lines of goods which promise better things for the tuture. Tlie following table presents
a comparison of the shipments here of leading articles lor the last four years:
Artioles.
Tur -fiiline
star, ii
Xgrii'iiltiiral iraplrmenta ...
IjainpH and gas dxtures ,
Luuii)er„
F'lirnilare
CoUoii tfuods
^Ilnrdware, etc
Lard
Kei-oaene
Railway machinery, etc ,
Drugs, chemicals, etc
HeiiM>en and woolen goods
Tobacco, eto
1884.
$34,430
49,448
186,630
66,169
2,817,146
92,617
178,178
240,694
40,326
866,741
834,168
62,366
189,136
208.420
1885.
125,162
45.4.38
611,Uli2
86,590
8,463,719
129.792
200,697
226,073
83,731
841,891
892,119
82.224
166,634
98,542
1886.
148,938
41,071
466.460
69,404
8,362,620
280. 246
238,716
542,824
65,968
707,220
166,020
842,668
417,207
'77,856
1887.
$110,546
42.8.9
580.801
70,508
6,117.847
248,396
866.695
862,447
150,210
1,109,540
248,940
869, 118
171,455
10U,708
It will be observed that the great increase in our imports has been in lumber and ker-
osene, two articles for which the Argentine Hepublic is entirely dependent upon the United
States; but the steady growth of our trade in agricultural implements and machinery,
cotton goods, hardware, and tools, and in railway and tramway cars and machinery is
deserving of notice. The increase in these lines is entirely owing to the fact that we
lurnish far better or more serviceable articles than can be obtained in the markets of
Europe; and, after trial, ours are forcing themselves upon the attention of this country
in spite ol the fact that, owing to superior finish and style, it may cost a little more to
pnt them down here. Besides the increase in nearly all the above lines of goods, the
returns show in many others the very healthy beginnings of a considerable trade, such
as American beer, salt and canned fish, shooks or barrel staves, pianos, cotton duck,
cooking-Htoves, etc. iiut there are some articles which are a specialty with us that are
entirely supplied from European markets. Among these may be mentioned cheese; out
of more than 1,500 tons, valued at $1,073,629, the United States last year furnished only
16 tons, valued at $1,043. And the same with hams; out of 216 tons imported into
the Argentine Republic last year only 13 tons came from the United States direct, nearly
all the rest reaching here by way of England. We have quite lost our trade here in le^
^
801TTH AMERICA — ARGENTINE REPUBLia
73
fined sngars, the balk of the imports now cominfr Ax>in France, Belginm, and Germany,
ifhich coaotries farnish a cheaper article made from beet-root I have heretofore re-
ferred to the foct that if the cheap machinery-made famitnre which comes Irom the
United States shows no increase in amount, it is perhaps owing to the fact that seyeral
establishments haye recently been started here equipped with all the necessary appli-
ances for turning oat the same class of work; and the same is the case with reference to
■tarcb*
AMERICAN SAMPLE-HOUSBB.
The American sample-houses which have been lately established here are, I belieye,
doing veiy well, and exhibit no little energy and enterprise in pushing our manufactures.
Indeed it is in part owing to their etForts to procure orders that our imports daring the
last year have footed up so well; but it is a fact that there is, I believe, at the present
time bnt a single distinctive American importing, house in the city of BueuoaAyres.
There are a number of large and wealthy firms that are doing an immense business with
the United States, and probably offer oar goods on the be^t terms possible; but there are
eithei English or German houses, whose mast intimate connections are with Europe and
which do business with the United States simply because it pays them well to do so.
SXPOBTS TO THE UNITED STATES.
The exports of the Argentine Republic to the United States for the last year show an
increase ol 1^,358,402 over the figures of 1886, the returns for 1887 being a little larger
than those of 1885. The ibllowing is a comparative table of exports of principal articles
lor the last &Ye years:
HxporiB to the Uniied Stales,
Articles.
Oz and oow hides
Wool
Linseed
8heep-8kin0
Goat-skina
1883.
91,688,799
d&5,862
30.515
1,156
277,209
1884.
82,462,244
602.637
96,051
272.057
161,143
1885.
$2,884,067
1,187.115
251,247
32,625
056,428
1880.
•1,764,810
911,082
46,968
234,128
184.964
1887.
<3, 696, 235
1,200,190
6,483
842,324
The lin^^eed crop of the Argentine Republic, last year, amounting to 81,208 tons,
nearly all went to Great Britain, not a pound of it finding a market in the United States.
There was axi unusual demand for Argt ntine hides in the United States, the ship-
ments more than doubling the figures of the previous year. The wools which went to
the United States, as heretofore, were the carpet wools of Ck>rdoba, their point of ship-
ment being Bosario, on the Paraod River. Since the jemoval by the Argentine Govern-
ment of the export duty on wool there has been no difficulty in bringing these carpet
wools within the lowest figures dxed by the American tariff. So long, however, as our
tarifiT remains as it is, it will be impossible for the fine clothing wools of the Argentine
Republic handicap'ped as they are by about 70 per cent, of dirt and grease, to find a
paying market in the United States.' Of the 30,447 tons of sheep-skins shipped from the
' Argentine Republic in 1887, only 25 tons were sent to the United States; but of the 765
tons of goat-skina exported, 570 tons found a market in the United State&
THB INCBEASS IK OUB TBADB.
The progressiye increa^ which we have seen in the trade between the United States
and the Argentine Republic is not the result of any of the modern methods usually
adopted for the promotion of international commerce. On the contrary, whatever devel-
opment there is has taken place in spite of the fact that we are entirely lacking in all
the- facilities now employed by the commercial nations of the world for the establish-
ment and maintenance of trade. After many years of persistent discussion of the mat-
ter, we are still as far as ever from even the prospect of steam navigation with the Ar-
gentine Republic Not a single regnlar merchant steamer arrived here from the United
States during the past year, and our trade continues to be dependent upon the slow
and uncertain medium of sailing vessels. We are still, also, without any proper bank-
ing facilities with the Argentine Republic. All our exchange and commercial business
oontinaes to be transacted through English banking-houses, thus increasing the charges
74 COMMERCIAL EELATIGNS.
and oomplicatiDg the settlement of balances. And wone tban all, as I haye already
stated, we are quite without diatinctive American importing houses in this city, and oar
entire trade being thus made to depend, not upon our ability to supply any given line of
goods, but upon the question whether it will not pay the importing merchants better
to buy an inferior article in Europe rather than a superior one in the United States.
8TBAM-8HIP COMMUNICATION.
In my last annual report I spoke of the prospects of the establishment of. a steam-ship
line between New York and the River Plate, under a concession guarantied by the Ar-
gentine Congress to Mr. R. P. Houston, of England. Thus far nothing has been done
under the concession, for the reason, as I am informed, that English capitalists are not
willing to embark in an enterprise which, however satisfactory in itself, is encum-
bered with conditions which are considered unnecessarily onerous. From present ap-
pearances the problem of regular steam-ship commnnication between the United States
and the Argentine Republic yet remains to be solved. Meanwhile there is not a mari-
time nation of Europe — hardly a country of South America even — that is not in the en-
joyment of regular steamer navigation with the River Plate. The United States alone
continues to b^ isolated and *' behind the times," and this, notwithstanding our anxiety
to be on closer commercial terms with the republics of South America, and in spite of
consular reports and South American commissions, which have so explicitly explained
the methods by which our trade hereaway can be firmly and satisfaotorily eatabliahed.
THB APPBABANCBS AND PBOSPEOTS OF TBADB.
And what shall I say in regard to the prospects of trade, that constantly recurring
subject about which I am so persistently asked to give my opinion by merchants at home?
From my standpoint, which, after all, may not be the correct one, I can only reiterate
what I have heretofore had occasion to remark, that the trade of the Argentine Republic in
my opinion is not in what may be called a healthy or normal condition. It continues
to suffer from the same unfortunate incidents which have accompanied it for the last
five years. There is a continuance of the suspension of specie payments by the banks,
and, while all imports must be paid for in gold, the business of the country is transacted
on a depreciated currency l)asis. The premium on gold which, a year ago was 30 to 35 per
cen t , is now 40 to 45 percent. , and though the Government banla are just now making use
of their gold reserve on the Bolsa to r^uce the premium, yet with a newly authorized
issue of sixty millions of inconvertible paper money, under the general banking Jaw, it
is not probable, however spasmodically a few millions of dollars may be thrown upon
the market to lower the gold rate, that the premium for years to come is going to be any
less than it is now. Even under this state of afiairs there would not be any particular
cause for alarm if the exi>orts of the Argentine Republic were commensurate w^th the
imports; but the balance of trade against the country is getting to be even more marked
than ever before, thus greatly increasing the demand for gold, or what is the same thing,
foreign exchange to pay the difiorences.
Heretofore these have been bridged over by the gold received from the frequent foreign
loans which the national Government and some of the provinces have been making in
Europe in behalf of all sorts of enterprijies, from the building of railways to the starting
of new banks under the national banking law. But there must be an end of borrow-
ing some time; and the money centers of Europe are getting tired of these constant calls
upon their purse strings, each one of which has a tendency to ultimately weaken the
public credit of the country. Only the other day a cablegram announced that they were
crying a halt to the placing of one more additional loan, on top of those already n[iade,
for the completion of the public sewerage works of this city. When the day of making
no more new loans has arrived, and the proceeds of the last ones are exhausted, it is not
difficult to foresee the result, unless meanwhile there shall be an end to the persistent
overtrading which of late years has characterized the foreign commerce of the Argen-
tine Republic. Some are already predicting that a commercial crisis will wit^ difficulty
be averted. Whether the approaching clouds of danger will end in a storm of this char-
acter or not, I would hardly venture to say; but it is certain that the commercial out-
look is just now not at all reassuring; and the apprehensions of financial disaster and
business collapse are looming up before the vision of some of the shrewdest businessmen
of the country. I am gratified to report, however, that the national Government Has
at last quite effectually shut down on the old custom of granting ooncessions with guar-
anties to private parties, and has not only gone out of the business of building its own
railways and other public works, but has even sold out some of those, for the building
of which the proceeds of many public loans were required. This course has aomewhat
SOUTH AMERICA — AEGENTINK REPUBLIC.
76
reasrared, or at least qnieted, the pablic mind, and placed tlie ooQntiy in a better posi-
tion abroad; bat the overtrading still continues with a recklessness which forebodes only
evil. That this may be fully seen, I give the following balance-sheet between imports
and exporU fiom 1863 to the end of 1887:
THB BAI^ANCB OF TBADK.
1884.
1885.
'•••*•■••#»»#•••—■•••■—•*•••••>—>••>••»— •«•••••»•••« •••••••«••••■■■■•• ••••••••>«•«•
••••«•••••»•«•••••••••••«•••••••••••
1887.
Total balance against the country in five yean.
Importfl.
$80,435,828
90.056,144
92,221,969
96,4(S,746
117,852,125
Bzports.
860,207,976
68,029.886
83, 879. 100
69,834,841
84,421,821
of
Import!.
•20,227,862
82,026,808
8,342,869
25.578,904
82,931,805
119,102,388
There in certainly nothing very promising in this exhibit ot figures, showing, as it
does, how the gold which during the last five years has been received on account of
loans abroad has in great part at once gone back to Europe in the shape ot exchange to
pay ba-ifHi^^fiii
TRADB BSTUBN8 FOB 1888.
The aitnation in this respect was so unsatisfactory that there was a hope that during
the present year the custom-house returns would make a better showing for the coun-
try, by a reduction in imports and an increi\^ in exports; but while I write I am just
in receipt of an abstract of the custom-house statistics of the country for the nine months
ending September 30, 1888, and I give the figures, as follows:
Oountiy.
Imports.
Exports.
Country.
Imports.
Exports.
Sontb Africa.. •••.....
"*m,*717,315*'
2,169
8,^535,051
157,445
1,744,439
25,059
2,833,309
7,022,025
21,590,023
85,882
9,930,754
726,028
12,810,116
214,314
2,334,241
1.201,351
2, 166, aw
6, 069, 'J07
19,964,609
Italy
16.219.836
256, 576
1,220,345
53,027
88,496,911
7,011,666
3,129,091
$1,846,349
Oeramny „
i^cflw incllea.a...... ...a ••••(.
Holland
ParafiTuay
288,066
Po1»v1»»... , „,.,
Portugal
GroRt Kritiiiii
97,099
12.868,020
BrasU ^
I'maiuay
4,481,029
! Other countries
1,954,621
Spain «.^.
United States ^...•....
TotaU ....
109,014,287
75,409,441
j^xAnoe »•«•••*■••••••••«••••«•.•
Here, then, already, for the nine months of the present year we have an excess of im-
ports over exports of |33,604,846 — an excess greater than the total excess of any previous
year. Where and how all this is to end is Icit to conjecture. If these iiiiiK)rts were for
raw materials or for articles to be employed in reproductive industries the case would be
different; but an examination of the tables of imports will show that in very great part
they aro entirely unproductive, such as liquors, fine clothing, and objects of luxury.
ABOKNTINB TARIFF FOB 1889.
The Argentine Ck)ngre88, recently adjourned, has made some changes in the customs
law of the eoontiy for 1889. I give a tra islation of the new law below:
tt
Import duties.
"XltnoLE L All foreign merchandise imported for consumption shall pay a duty of
25 per cent, on ite valuation in deposit, except as follows:
"(1) Cigars of all kinds, which shall pay a duty of 60 per cent. ;
'*{2> Tobacco of all kinds, which shall pay a duty of 55 per cent. ;
''(3) Fire-arms and munitions, powder, and perfumery, which shall pay a duty of 60
percent.;
"(4) Ready-made clothing and confections, hats and caps, boots and shoes, dress or-
naments, harness, carriages, furniture, matches other than wax, fire-crackers, Yerba mat^,
objecta of art. preserved fruits, preserved vegetables, preserved meats and cheese, which
shall pay a duty of 45 per cent. ;
76 • COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
"(5) Paving stones, cordage, trotting horses, comestibles in general, except rice, farina,
table salt, and whatever pays a specific dnty, which shall pay a duty of 30 per oentw ;
*'(6) Galvanized iron ot all kinds; white pine and spruce lumber, all kinds of writ-
ing and printing paper, which shall pay a duty of 10 per cent. ;
*\7) Osinvas and sack-cloth, gold and silver worked, sewing and embroidery silk, all
instmmenta and utensils with, handles, or ornamented with silver or gold, when these
increase their value one-thiri part, presses and all materials for printing except types,
lithographic presses, all agricultural and industrial machinery, common salt, steam-en-
gines and detached pieces for repairing the same, thread and wire on spools for binding
sheaves, sulphuric acid and sulphate of lime, tin and solder, which shall pay a duty of
6 per cent ;
*'(8) Precious stones unset, which shall pay a duty of 2 per cent ;
*'(9) The following specific duties, to wit:
Wheiil,forl00kilo8Tam8 .t. ^ « -.. tLIB
Starch, for each kiloKrani. » ~.. .07
Coffee, for each kiloftrraui » ~ OSv
Macaroni, for each kilogrram ^ ^ 07
Crackers and biscuit, for each kilogram.... «. ^ 09
Corn-meal and wheat flour, for each kilogram 04
Tea of all kinds, for each kilogram .90
Sugar, not reflned, for each kilogram ....^ .07
Common wine, in casks, for each liter .25
Bach bottle of wine of not more than one liter .2S
Each literor bottle of beer or cider .IS
Alcohol in casks, not exceeding 30 degrees, per liter . 19
Brandy. gin, anise, klrsch,or other liquors, in casks, of 25 degrees.. .SO
Alcohol, bottled, of 25degrees, per liter 90
Brandy, gin, anise, kirsch, or other liquors, bottled, per liter 25
Liqueun and bitt^ers, bottled, per liter .25
Kerosene, per liter • ., » , 05
Sperm, stearine. or paraffine candles, per kilogram 15
Stcarlne, per kilogram ■. ....* « 12
Playing cards, per gross » 10.00
Wax matches, per kilogram ,60
Straw paper for bogs or for furring, paper bags, and colored paper, per kilogram 12
'* Articles of weight which have two or more coverings shall pay the spedfie duty on
the immediate coverings.
**Abt. 11. The following articles shall he imported free of duty, to wit: Original
works orart, sculpture, or paintini^, books in general, vessels and machinery for vessels
moved by steam or other agent, stove coal, white sand, plows, wire for fencing or tele-
graphs, wire for vineyards up to No. 3, breeding animals and cattle on the hoof, fish
and dried fruit, furniture and tools of immigrants, gold and silver, coined, in grain,
bars, or dust; plants, iron and steel materials for roadway of trams and railways, loco-
motives, car- wheels, iron pipes for gas or water which have at least a diameter of 75
millimeters, quicknilver, cask frames of more than 2 kilograms, special mining pow-
der and drilling machines, and dynamite, church ornaments, etc., sulphur unmanu-
factured, books and stationery for provincial governments or educational boanls, seeds
for agriculture, casks of wood and iron for tanning, materials and cases for packing meats
for export, machinery for conj^euling meats for export.
**Abt. 111. Every kind of product, produce, or manufacture of the country shall be
free of export duty."
By a supplemental law there is a duty of 1 per cent, additional to the rates above
specified on all articles of importation, and in the settlement of duties in the currency
of the country a premium of 15 per cent, is added as the differences between sold and
paper.
CUSTOMS OB VALUATION TABIFF.
The customs tariff for 1689, containing the official values fixed by the Government for
all classes of imports that pay an ad valorem duty, is now passing through the press.
So Roou as it is issued I shall in a separate report forward a translation of M such por-
tions of it as may be interesting to importers and merchants of the United States.
PAPEBS BECEIYSD AT THE CONSULATE.
I take this opportunity to mention that during the past year this consulate has been
i|upplied gratuitously with a number of valuable pai)er8 of the United States, among
which were the South American Export Journal, American Exporter, Scientific Ameri-
can, American Machinist, Paper World, El Comercio, El Progreso, Anthony's Photo-
graphic Bulletin, and the daily New York Herald. They have been placed at the dis-
posal of merchants, shippers, and ship-masters here, and have been a sooroe of great
benefit to those directly interested in trade and commerce.
80UTH AMERICA — lABGENTINE REPUBLIC. 77
GONSULAfi COBBESPONDKNCOL
It seems necessary tbat some reference should be made to the constantly increasing
number of letters of which this consulate is the recipient. Every mail that reaches here
from the United States, whether direct or via England, brings its large quota. Not in-
fireqoently the number received by a single mail quite reaches to a hundred, and is
■caioely ever less than twenty or thirty. A large proportion of these are on the same
sul^ect, asking for reports about the trade, commerce, industries, etc., of this coun-
try. The parties interested should understand that I am expressly forbidden by the
Department to give the information requested. The Consular Regulations prescribe
that *' the consular publications should be the means of communicating consular reports
to the public;'' and oonsular officers ''are prohibited from furnishing reports or arti-
cles upon trade or commerce in their districts to any publication or to private persons;
tbat sach reports must be communicated only to the Department." Under these cir-
cumstances, of course I can not respond to their requests; but, in a very large majority
of cases, the subjects of their letters have already, time and again, been fully discussed
by me in carefully prepared reports to the Department of State; and they would sisve
themselves from disappointment by applying directly to that source of information ior
printed copies of such reports.
Another large portion of these letters ask as to the prospects for bosiness openings, or
chances for work, or opportunities for employment While the consulate is not an
agen<7 for this sort of information, and is not in a condition to be thoroughly posted on
these subjects, yet I reply to as many of such letters as I possibly can; but the number
is so great and so accumulating, that, if my whole time were devoted to this class of cor-
respondence, I would not be able to get through it. * I may, however, say to this cate-
gory of letter writers, that except in some few special cases the first prerequisite for ob-
taining business employments here is a knowledge of the Spanish language. It is the
medium for all transactions and interchanges of thought, and.it is absolutely money
thrown away to venture here without such knowledge. And I may add that if any
Ameri<»ns, under this restriction, persist in coming down here in the hope of bettering
their condition, they should bring money enough with them' to get back home aeain.
For in nine cases out of ten, as I know by actual experience, it will only require a short
■ojonm here, where labor is cheap and paid for in depreciated currency, to thoroughly
impress them with the blessings they have left behind them.
THE AMSBIOAN "OOLONT."
There seems to be an impression in the United States that there is a large American
colony in this country composed of families permanently residing here, or located here
indefinitely, for the purposes of trade and commerce. This is altogether a mistake.
There are a few permanent American merchants here in Buenos Ayres, and a few more in
Bosario, but of those who are engaged in the exporting or importing business with the
United States the greater part may be said to be here only temporarily. There are not,
perhaps, in the whole country a hundred Americans, all told, and these are so scattered
that they can hardly be called a colony.
DEATH OF SAMUEL B. HALE, ESQ.
It is with great personal sorrow that I am called upon to record the death of the pioneer
of American trade with the Argentine Republic. I refer to Samuel B. Hale, esq., the
founder of the well-known house of Samuel B. Hale & Co., whose name for the last
fourteen years has so often appeared in my consular reports, and whose high character
and commercial standing have for the last half century been recognized throughout the
mercantile world. Mr. Hale quietly breathed his last, at his beautifal residence in this
city, on the 20th of S^tember last, in the eighty-fifth year of his age. For several years,
owing to increased infirmities, he had retired from active life, leaving the business of the
great house which he had founded to be conducted by his son-in-law, John F. Pearson,
esq., and the younger members of the firm; but, full of all human sympathies and kind-
ness as he was, he never lost his interest in human afiairs; and almost up to the last,
surrounded by a large circle of warm personal friends of all nationalities, be continued
to take pleasure in recounting the experiences of his busy life in the Argentine Repub-
lic, or in discussing the affairs of his native country, for which he constantly expressed *
his tender affection and in whose wonderful progress he always took the deepest interest.
In his death one of the last remaining landmarks of the early days of Argentine trade
and commerce has disappeared. No one shall ever know — he kept no account himself —
of the numberless private charities which he constantly dispensed or of the hundreds of
distressed Americans in this iar-off country whom he relieved and sent back to their
78
COMMEROIAL RELATIONS.
Mends. I am not able to state the 7alae of the estate which Mr. Hale has left, bnt it is
known to be Tery large, comprising not only large amounts which are employed in the
business of the boose, bat a nnmb^ of very extensive and valoable cattle and sheep es-
tancias in the provinces of Buenos Ayres and Santa F<^, and the Republic of Paraguay,
The house of Samuel B. Hale & Ck>., whioh is now principally engaged in business
of a financial character, will continue on, as heretofore, without any dumge in the name
or style by which it has been so long and favorably known.
BEYKNUBS AKD BXPSKDITUBBS OF THB KBPUBLia
The ordinary revenues of the Argentine Republic for the year 1887 amounted to $61,«
582,460, an increase of $9,332,307 over the receipts of 1886, and an increase of $5,560,-
459 over the estimates. The following table gives a comparison of the sources of ordi-
nary revenue for the last two years:
SouroM of revenae.
ImporU
1 per cent, additional
Exports
Warehousinfc ,
Stanaped paper
Stamps
Busineaa licenses ,
National taxes
Post-ofBoe «.
Telegraphs
Light-boases
Sanitary vUitA.
1886.
1887.
120, 809. 459
934,100,008
888,382
1,113,883
1,988,082
1,907,413
549,801
679.107
2,a)3,265
2.820,912
173,943
211,463
882,891
858,705
1,598,663
2,037,813
751, 446
856,141
248,330
407,3iX>
111,439
136.623
88,144
47,386
Sources of revenue^
Tinaber-cutting permits.
Water rates
Judicial deposits..........
National railways
National bank shares...
Imposts on bankissaes.
Mole and post dues......
Mint...
Total..... „.
1886.
$18,482
S71,S44
74,271
2,962.834
1,209.002
623,537
810,289
65,565
639,488
42,250,158
18S7.
$18,181
468. «Z3
77,800
2,616»695
1,893,804
742,073
458,913
'" i49,"il2
51,582,460
' The revenue of 1887 is ^e largest ever realized in the history of the nation, showing
an increase of 22 per cent, over that of the previous year. But to the above figures are
to be added the following items of revenue:
Fifteen per cent, added to custom-house duties for payment in paper „ $5,565,848
Sales of national lands ^.. 82H,867
Money returned into the treasury « 148,962
Total 6,543,677
Ordinary revenue as above 61,582,460
Total revenue 58,186,187
IMPORT DOnSEL
'The duties on imports, which are the great source of revenue, continue to ezp^d with
the increase of trade, the Argentine tariff, which is in great part ad valorem, being an-
nually so adjusted as to give the amount of revenue required. These duties for the year
1887 show an increase of 27 per cent on the figures of the year 1886, and the amount
is more than double what it was five years aga Within the last two years there has
been an increased duty placed on wines, alcohol, and sugars, which to some extent may
account for the increase, but on other articles there has been no great change in the rate,
and the increased receipts from this sonrce of revenue are mostly in oonsequcnue of the
increase in the amount of importations. The following table gives a oomparison of the
duties collected on imports for the years 1886 and 1887 respectively:
1886.
1887.
Imports.
•
▼alue of im-
ports.
Amount of
duty.
Value of im-
ports.
Amount of
duty.
Merchandise subject to specific duty
Merchandise at 2 ner cent, dutv
$19,097,617
306.479
4,629.445
7,004,558
47,813,589
6,488,086
965,477
1,245,297
$8,589,695
18,971
882,565
596,964
12,653,895
2,457,689
478, 167
635,459
$22,942,860
169,347
5,145,904
7.294,564
56,560,735
9,895,086
1,435,664
1,145,003
$11,818,679
4,962,
860,775
680,981
16,621,521
8. 177. 996
Merchandise at 5 percent, duty
Merchandise at 10 per cent, duty
Merchandise at 25 per cent. duty.
Merchancflse at 45 oer cent. duty.. ,
Merchandise at 50 ner cent, duty
704,601
637,361
Merchandise at 55 uer cent, duty ,
Total
87,590,482
25,758.396
104,589,562
33,906,874
SOUTH AMEBICA — ^ABGENTINE BEPUBLIC.
79
In these oompntations the 1 per cent, additional daty is not taken into the account
As illastratiye of the rapldij increasing prodact of the duties fiom imports, I give the
folio wiuj; figures for the last ten years:
Increase in duties from imports.
1S79 «..-
1881 .....
Dati«floa
import*.
112,088,041
12,844,738
12,055,796
14,782,66s
16, 737, 798
1888.
188t..
1885..
1886.
1887„
Duties on
imporU.
S19,789,5iS8
23,639,237
^23,205,975
27,693,876
86,218,890
XXPOBT DUTIES.
The export duties, which were 3 per cent on hides and 4 percent on wools, etc., were
abolished by law of Congress in October, 1887, to take effect from the Ist of January,
1888. This removal of export duties marks a new era in the economical history of the
Argentine iiepublic, and will, it is believed, very materially assist in the development of
the industries of the country. This duty was first imposed in 1864 as a supreme nece.<}-
sity to meet the expenses of the war in which the nation found itself involved, and it
has since been retained to satisfy the requirements of the treasury in spite 6f the pre-
scriptions of the constitution. The country is indebted to the persistent efforts of the
Nationa> Industrial Club for its repeal, assisted by the enlightened approval of Presi-
dent Suarez Celman.
NATIONAL APPROPRIATIONS.
The budget or appropriations for the support of the €rov^ rumen t for the year 1887, ac-
cording to the report of the minister of finance, was, for ordinary expeoses, 147,066,887 ;
for extraordinary expenses, $21,955,778; total, $69,002,665, as follows:
Branch of the serrice.
Department of the interior -
Department of foreign relations
Department of finance
Department of Justice, edacation,and worship..^.
Department of war ^.u...
Department of marine
Ordinary.
911,016,164
971,566
17,162,930
7,069,262
8,321,879
2,506,797
47,066,887,
ExtnM>rdlnary
$16,093,266
808,289
8,845,232
268.619
948,327
882,106
21,985,778
Total.
127,138,419
1,369,795
20,606,161
7.328,181
0,270.206
8,387,903
'60,002,665
But of the ordinary appropriations there were, on the 31st of t)ecember, 1887, still un-
pended a balance of $3,803,256; and of the extraordinary appropriations a balance of
$10,057,422, or a total of $13,860,678, the actual expenditures being $55,141,988.
Of the appropriations for the department of the interior, $4,482,997 were for the ex-
penses of the Executive, of Congress, and of the territories; $7,452,033 for the con-
struction of railways and other public works; $1,709,017 for post-office and telegraphic
service ; $105,212 for the department of agriculture ; surveys of the public lands $166,-
383, etc
Of the appropriations for the department of foreign relations, $748,852 were for the
expenses of foreign legations and office expenses; $5^,220 for immigration, etc.
Of the appropriations for the department of finance, $444,993 were for office expenses,
etc; $1,905,138 for expenses in the collection of the revenues; $19,880.88 for the service
of the national debt; $1,271,677 for the municipality of the capital, etc
Of the appropriations for the department of justice, worship, and public education,
$1,371,099 were for the administration of justice in the various courts; $292,102 for the
archbishop, bishops, and churches; $4,606,183 for schools and school-houses; $58,661
for the expenses of the department, etc
Of the appropriations for the department of war, $73;237 were for the expenses of the
department ; $553,305 for cuartels, barracks, and hospitals ; $2,657,888 for rations,
equipage, clothing, horses, etc ; $152,374 for the military aondemy and the school for
oon-commissioued officers; $977,394 for pensions, etc
80 COMMEBCIAL RELATIONa
Of the appropriatioDS for the navy department, $965,579 were for the expenaes of the
fleefc; $1,058,715 for commissary and naval stores; $i377,{214 for naval achool, echool-ehipe,
etc. ; $181,691 for arsenals and fortifications on Martin Garcia Island; $70,121 for mari-
time prefectore and the sabprefectorea.
▲ BALAKCB IN THE TSBASUST.
Deducting the total amount of the expenditures from the total receipts, the national
atount stands as follows:
R«celpta of revenue ^ ^ ». m............»....... 198; 136^ 188
Total ezpendltiires....^ ^....^.^ ......m............... 08,141,!
Balance of revenoe ^ » ^ > ^ ^ ^....». a,WI,148
The President, in bis message, congratulates the nation on the fact that the revenaes
so handsomely exceed the disbursements; while the minister of finance, in referring to
the condition of the treasury, says: **Tbe testimony of these figures is very eloquent in
favor of the vitality of the country ^ud the prosperity of its industries and commerce,
which in so short a time have not only recovered from the consequences of the crisis,
bnt have acquired a movement which is far ahead of that of any former period, and
which continues with an increasing impulse."
THK DEBT OF THE NATION.
The consolidated debt of the Argentine Republic on the 31st of December, 1887, ac-
cording to the report of the bureau of statistics, was as ibllows: >
Internal debt « ^ 9BI. 348,800
Foreign debt „„ « 90,474,049
Floatinsdebt ^ ^.,. 12,316^344
Total .* ^ 164,084,192
But since the beginning of the present year the national congress made provision
tar what is called an internal issue of bonds to the amount of $40,000,000 as the basis
for the establishment of a system of national guarantied banks; so that the national debt
may now be stated as follows:
Total up to December 31, 1887 ^. |154,0S4,193
New 1§aue for national banks «. 40,000,000
Praotlonal currency in circulation , 6,000,000
Total Arij^ntine public debt ^ !„... 900,034, 19S
When we consider that the total amount of the public debt of the Argentine Republio
was only $82,017,291 in 1881, it must be conceded that, in a state of protound peace,
the government has made a very persistent use of its credit in increasing the figures to
$200,000,000 in the course of seven years. The facility with which the nation is thus
increasing its public liabilities is attracting some attention abroad. The London Statist,
commenting on this subject, says:
*' We do not insinuate that as yet the Argentine Republic has incurred too much debt
No country in the world has made of late years more rapid progress. The people are
enterprising and energetic; their system of government is liberal; their territory is vast
and capable of maintainiog an immense population, and immigrants aie flockine in in
large numbers. There is, then, a magnificent future before the republic, if it does not
compromise that future hy improvident borrowing; but if it goes on at the present rate
of incurring debt, there is great danger that it will compromise its future very seriously
indeed. It would, then, be a good thing for the republic if English investors showed
themselves less ready to take op everything Argentine than tbey do at present, and it
would certainly be a good thing lor the investors themselves, as their securities would
be safer.''
It is evident, however, that the Argentine Government appreciates the necessity of
keeping its credit pp to the hit^h standard which it has attained, and as I have already
stated, it has decided that it will involve itself in foreign indebtedness for no more works
of internal improvement which private capital is willing to undertake on its own ac-
count. Indeed, the Oovernment, under the auspices of President Celman, is rapidly
getting out of the business, and besides the public sewerage works of the city of Buenos
Ay res, has also just sold out two of its most important railways to private parties, and
it has several others that it is ready to dispose of. Last year the public debt required
SOUTH AMERICA — ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. 81
no less than $19,880,000, or over one-tbird of the pablic reveDue, in gold, to meet the
service ol the interest. While the Govemraent would have no trouble in taking care
of even a larger amount^f indebtednefis, the questionable policy of itsdoio^ so is generally
discussed in fitianeial circles. At the same Uiue President Gel man. in his recent message
to Congress, very clearly shows that '\U the Government has an external debt ol |i^U,-
000, OUU, it has now a sufficient amount of money to pay it off if necessary.'* Indeed,
Argentine seenrities were never quoted so hiuh as at the present time. The 5 per cent,
bonds issned in 1887 at 85^ cents stand to-day at 97 cents; and all its 6 percent, bonds
are quoted at $1.04^.
THS VOLUMS OF PAPEB CUBRBNOT.
A matter, however, about which there is now a large amount of current crlticiAni la
the continuously increasing amount of paper money with which the country is supplied,
and the high premium which gold coin commands on the excjiange. The suspension of
specie paymeuts by the banks, which was sanctioned by Congress thre^ years ago, has
not only been permitted to continue, but no provision is now even thought of which
looks towards resumption. Indeed, instead of contracting the volume ot depreciated
paper currency, with which all the exchanges in the country are conducted, the policy
of the Government has been to still further increase it During last year the amount in
circulation was increased from 173,000,000 to $92,000,000. Since then, under the sys-
tem of national banks, already referred to by me, an additional issue of $40,000,000 is
provided for, the notes being secured by a deposit of Government bonds. These notes
are just now getting inter circulation; so that the volume of paper currency is now about
$130,000,000; and yet with this increase the banks are compelled to curtail their dift-
oonnts, so graat is the demand for money ^r speculative purposes.
THS PB0GBXS8 OF TKB COUKTBT.
No better evidence, however, than this is needed to show the wonderfhl push and prog-
ress which have taken possession of the people all over the country. The spirit o^ im-
provement is abroad in every direction. President Celman, in his late message, well
' The principal feature of the situation of the country is the great national development
of trade, industry, capital, and credit To the increased value of land and dty property,
to the development of trade, to the increased production of the country, to the opening
of new banks, must be added the increase of the revenue beyond all expectation; the &-
ctlity with which the exchequer meets its obligations, andthevexy favorable state of the
public credit at home and abroad. The vigorous impulse, with which this new country
displays its strength in the increase of its trade, in the multiplication of its industries,
in the influx of infmigration, and in the fruits of hard work, is the most palpable proof
of its sure and prosperous advance; and a pledge that this vast progress will contribute
to cement both peace and liberty in the republic." '
President Celman does not state the case too strongly. Nothing can now stop the prog-
ress of the country in the onward march of a great development. Political errors have
been pointed out as the sure harbiuKers of impending ruin; financial blunders have been
paraded as the precursors of general bankruptcy. But in spite of all this, in spite of
critics and prophets of evil, the Argentine Republic continues to move forward with
giant strides in the race of empira Mistakes have been made in" the administration of
affairs, and perhaps other mistakes will yet be made. But th» Government, with the
lights which it has at hand to guide it, and with an earnest endeavor to do the best it
can, is grandly struggling to raise the country to a higher level of national existence.
The tide of immigration, which, in an annually increasing current, is setting towards the
River Plate, shows the hope and confidenoe which the world has in its promise and des-
tiny.
Capital, which ia always sensitive and suspicious, now at last under the strong guar-
anties of peace and progress, finds here better opportunities for good investments than
are offered anywhere else in the world; and it is coming by each steamer in amounts
which seem almost incredible, thus opening up the waste places of the country, estab-
lishing new industries, and swelling the Tolume of general business. Already the same
movement westward, which was the forerunner of the wonderful impulse which has
made the United States what if is, is visible here in the Argentine Republic A strong
current of labor, of industry, of trade, of speculation, is moving from the water-ways
into the interior. All the different provinces begin to feel the pulsations of quickened
life; all of them are beginning to take part in the new departure. The laay gaucho of
o^ar years is everywhere giving place to the earnest, hard-working wage-earner of £a-
lOGu 0 ^ — e
82
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
ropean natioiudity; the slow, ponderous old bnllock-cart le beinic superseded by the
locomotiye with its long passenger and cargo trains, not in one direction only, not in
one portion of the Repablic only, bat all over the interior. The railway track has
already been extended to the farthest frontiers, north, sonth, and west; l^d aU the in-
tervening distances are now being anited by these bands of iron. In the wake of theee
pioneers of highest dvUization will follow a development which will be as marveloos
as that which has characterized oar own great RepabUc Well may the other nations of
Christendom watch, with sympathy and admiration, the promise of the Argentine Re«
pnblio.
£. L. Baker,
QmamL
Ukitkd States Coksulatb,
BueMOi Ajfre$^ December 13, 188a
BRAZIL.
BAHIA.
IMPOBTa
QuaiUUieB ofiheeevend articles imporUd at BaMa in 1888L
Artich
• •••• •«•••
Live ftnlmftli ^
Hair, skins, and feathen....,
Skins and hides ^
Meats, flab, oily substances
Ivory, motherKif'pean ........
Fruits
Beans, peas, and cereals....
Plants, leaves, flowers.
Bztraota, vegetables, drinks
PerAimery
Ohemloals and drues..
Woods
Canes, bamboos, rushes
Straw, mats, bark, fiber
Cotton goods
Woolen goods *,
Linens and thread
Silks
Wall and wrapping pap4t
Stone and eathen ware
Glassware
Qold and silver plated ware
Copper and oopper plate
Lead, tin, sine, ana manufactures
of.
Steel, iron, and manufactures of
Various metals and manufactures
of.
Military aooouterments and weap-
ons.
Cutlery
Watches, Jewelry, and material for
Wagon and harness material
Mathematical Instruments ,
Spectacles, opera-glasses, etc ,
Musical instruments
Machines of various kinds
Various arti<des , ,
Qermany.
KUogramt
Austria. Belgium.
ia,420
4,234
97,107
98,300
856
96,407
84,718
151,829
60,GG5
60,352
63.170
11,616
37,112
1,123,925
424,701
242,812
47,260
101,610
89,807
139.636
35.911
41,625
18,117
US. 413
1,819
84,583
16,533
7,278
KUofframa KUograma
127
8,848
589,101
1,893
1.242
8,336
1,698
■•«•••••■••••••<
2,681
8,492
18,797
84,687
863,408
» • ••••••«•••■•
8,147
8,896
88
2,346
•«■••••••••#•••■
121
1,035
2.693
10,415
7,704
220
681
204
I ••«•»■•••••• •• »•
27
21,834
9,951
0,804
2,345
9.417
Argen-
tine
Bepublio.
KUogratnt
68,833
13,218
15
•■•••••••••••■•■•
I • ••••••••« . s****
24,187
1,640
8,6S6
682
14,542
88,288
1,495
960
1,760
i,ao3
2,672
Coaal
of
Africa.
EUogramt
876
•••••••••••••
283
8,853
628
M,943
11
1,506
Unignay.
KOograma
134
'••••«•••••*•
•«••■•••••••
267
25,180
191
U
280
>••#••■&#••••••••
>•••••••••«•••••»
I* t •••«••«■•*•••«
67
63
• ••«•••••••••«••,
»••••••«■»•••■•
• •«•«••••■« eat***
8,988
8,166,168
61
86,986
41,064
80
...••.••rM.....
..............
.«..••.......•...
.................
SOUTH AMERICA ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.
83
QuantiUes of the several cartieles imported at B<thia in 1888 — Contiiiiied.
AxUolea.
Li^« animals.
Hair, akin, and fealhen.
Skins, and hides. ~
Meats, fish, oily substances
Ivory, nioihez^K>f'pearl
Fruits -. ^
Beans, peas, and cereals
Plants, leaves, flowers.
Sziracts, vegetables, drinks
Perfumery
Chemicals and drugs
Woods
Oines, bamboos, rushes
Straw, mats, bark, fiber
CotioD goods. M...
Woolen goods
Lrinens and thread
Silks «
Wall and wrapping paper
Stone and earthen ware
Glflflsware 1.
Gold and silver plated ware ....
Copper and copper plate.^
L^ad, tin, sine, and mandfaot-
8teel,iron,and manu&cturesof
Various metals and manufiust-
ures Ox.. .«••*••...•..••••».«
Military aooouterments and
weapons
Cutlery ...,
Watches Jewelry , and material
for
Wagon and harness material...
Ma&ematical instruments
Spectacles, opera-glasses, etc...
Musical instruments.
Machines of various kinds.
Various articles
United
SUtes.
KUoffram$
984
295
- 174
J.li8.J40
860,826
6,438
29,806
768,383
7,788
1,574
134
501,482
63
432
8,007
59.638
17,835
2,762
8,632
1,801
16.719
722
2,913
16,440
9,546
681
231
6,445
15,105
France.
KUofframt KUogroimM
681
28,609
287,714
715,684
51,492
7,932
15,127
18, 917
65,402
90,283
48,690
16,422
1,774
46,170
533,869
224,559
70,716
133,640
63,686
1,135
52,213
129,064
87,823
8,888
29,685
665
1,926
6,571
26,708
1,160
16,377
7,669
20,874
9,596
92,643
'England.
7,881
225,655
122,560
2,296
2,818
73,536
65,934
94,971
92,520
255,781
4,762
17
81,843
7,884,679
264,896
837,944
11,184
81,587
625,208
189,584
24,787
75, 146
24,603
878,876
6,466
77,165
66,871
2,048
112
976
7,075
760
242, 211
28,742
Spain.
KHo-
granu.
2,816
6,878
Hol-
land.
KOo-
granu.
8,961
67
Italy.
JTilo*
grams.
10,228
5,660
54,607
1,578
6,565
961
4,415
254
157
200
1,602
16,084
7,124
060
1,665
1,028
Portogal,
KHo-
groma.
101
115,780
47.816
10,021
27,895
71,076
120,212
1,217,862
29,228
25,037
7,786
1,780
6,862
406
6,684
12,884
1,758
6,287
4,032
740
6,059
860
47
106
84
86,880
104
••••«••••••
608
Value of the eeveral articles imported at Bahia and (he duties paid thereon in 1888.
Articles.
Live animals
Hair, skins, and feathers.
Skins and hides
Meats, fish, etc
Ivory, mother-of-pearl...
Fruits «
Beans, peas, cereals
Plants and flowers
Extracts, vegetables,
drinks
Perfumery
Chemicals and drugs.....
Woods. - .-.,
Canes, bamboos, rushes...
Straw mats, bark, fiber...
Cotton goods »..
Woolen goods......i
Unea and thread..... ...«
BUKS >•.#•.■.•. .....M... ....•«•«..■
Wall and wrapping pa-
Stone and earthen ware..
Value.
MUreU.^
2,374
67,945
682,650
6,402,940
• 89,576
42,409
1,807,979
812,262
1,681,438
965,051
899,52(f
86,865
15.136
122,412
10,091,628
031,234
676,104
199,102
801,779
745,275
Duty.
MUreU.
179
^ 23,837
*828,950
1,386,066
40,314
20,356
229,126
128,462
924,081
416.671
01,068
46,561
7,265
68,747
4,880,088
441.230
826,208
116,141
127,666
43,n8
Articles.
Glassware
Gold and silver plated
ware
Copper, and manufact-
ures of.
Lead,tin,zino and man-
ufactures of. M..
Steel and iron .......m.
Other metals
Arms and munitions
Cutlery
Watches and jewelry....
Wagons, harness, etc....
Mathematical instru-
ments
Opera-glasses, specta-
cles, etc. «
Surgical instruments....
Machines and machln-
Ail other articles.
Value.
MUreU.
864,On
196,870
167,844
48,178
822,823
8,008
202.627
93,986
62,466
10.818
21,668
18,466
80,078
800,006
602,861
Duty.
ifilreit.
170,883
0,886
71,666
10.200
217.691
1,837
07,174
45.518
10,161
2.680
6^674
2,702
10,100
78,021
288,872
• 1 milrels equals 64.6 oents.
84
C6MHEBCUL RELATIONS.
EXPORTS.
«
ArUdu expoHedfnm Bahia, fnm Januarp 1 U> December 31, 1888, a$ given hp a eiatom
house official.
Oountriea.
Gensan^. .............. .
Austria «i..«
Belgrium ,
Argentine Republio,
Coast of Africa w.
UruffURjr
United states ».,.
France »....
England
Itafy
Portug:al
Affuar-
dente.
Xitort.
4,282
987
8,889
9
8G
27
761.
OUa.
Litera.
11.445
460
Oooo*.
133,604
9,022
612
2,716
1,300,960
253.851
58,385
20,780
CofTee.
1,391,870
63,591^
1,223,78»
685
860,156
791. 6»S
78,986
78
Coqullho
nuta.
KUot,
279
32,221
601
Hides.
Kilo8,
269,910
10,575
21,065
64,862
82,788
15,964^
Di*-
mends.
Qranu.
56,240
47,456
••««•••••■«•
F»-
KUo».
10
9
27
Ooantriea.
dennany..
Belgium ,
Argentine Republic
Coast of Africa
Uruguay ,
United States
France
England
Spain
lUly
Portugal
••••■••••••••••a
Tobacco.
8,481,850
7,868
16,996
28,021
79,892
91,168
653
344.976
1,005,704
8.586
10,001
Rubber.
KUo$,
89,771
18,096
619
12,701
742
Jaca-
rand4.
KUot,
2,668
17,980
34,185
5.543
1,246
Mo-
LiUrt,
664
413
412
Plaa-
KUoa.
289,549
728
91,886
6,781
5,707
80,124
635,420
1,019
36,24a
Bread
fruit.
KUo9.
799
4,704
6,231
923
Sugar.
Various
ptodncta.
KUo§,
33,554,457
jnrof.
6Af 8M
••••••«»««■•••«
290
1,290
786
424
41,260
80,370
00,'«31
8,084
6,580
Value of exports to tJte several countries.
Whither exported.
Germany
Austria
Belgium
Argentine Republio
Coast of Africa
Uruguay
Value.
Duties.
Milreit,
Milref.
6,690,284
482,650
71,601
5,174
1. 057, 589
97,169
37,202
8,275
85,518
7,738
100,427
9,006
Whither exported.
1
United States
France
England
Italy
Portugal
Spain
Value.
MUreia. '
572,046
1.695,970
1,806.273
60,859
72,260
78,065
Dntli
jntreOL
60,286
130,065
154,990
6,437
5,887
6,875
UNrrxD Statrs Ooksulats,
Bahia^ September 28, 1889.
David N. Bubex,
CouguL
SOUTH AMEBIOA — DUTCH GUIANA.
85
DUTCH GUIANA.
Blatwmgni $kawinff (he cammeree and fMvigalum ^ Dutch Ouianafor the year 1888.
A.— IMPORTS.
AxtldM.'
Coals -..
Fish, salt, etc, of all kinds....
Flour and mc»al
Liquors :
Malt'.... «...».»...».«»..».«».
Spirits .MMM........
Heats, salt, etc., of all kinds.
OO:
Kerosene.........
Other »....
Potatoes
Provisions.......
Rfce .,
Sugac, refined
Tooaooo
Wine ...
•••••«■••••*••«•••••••••••• ••#••*■•
Sundries (drj goods, etc)
Total
•••••••••••••■•«•••• •«••••••
United
States:
16,098
8
48, U9
79,898
2(740
484
126,818
27.528
216
.2,719
. 968
4,788
its
14,882
69,818
885,077
Hol-
land.
858)016
498
79
204
66,204
84,861
9,094
■
23
19,695
12,364
20,114
51,926
189,625
17,283
21722
23,078
458,747
908,132
land.
888,648
2
1.718
116
92
106
527
150
19
86
•••••*•••■•••■
>••••••••« 44
940
25,788
63,142
BHttsh
Qulana.
811,280
852
11,879
66.932
2.476
8,350
87,816
8,061
2,671
17,008
1,468
6,ai6
21,993
414
171
4,090
88,978
280,700
Barba-
badoes.
84,979
■ • •••••• AM
3,294
24,790
•
94
307
11,846
48
26
1,644
1,481
1,391
4,001
22
294
11,135
64,852
France.
83,678
566
>•••*•••••••
8.274
969
8,897
Other
coun-
tries.
8229
9
601
856
8
109
140
29
246
18,272
403
26
115
1,943
15,861
Total
▼alues.
980,146
85,006
68,379
172,320
63,924
42,652
185,204
80,870
^,831
83,914
24,281
76,774
166,022
18,188
18.184
83,325
670,816
88,486 7.788,738
B.-EXPOBTS.
Prodaota.
United
States.
Holland.
Ehigland.
Deme-
rara,
British
Quiana.
Barba-
does.
France.
Cay-
enne.
Other
coun-
tries.
Total
values.
Gold
9349,892
15, 102
8,048
•%••»• •••••••«e
69,400
70
864
954,080
478,196
_137
♦ 20
88,030
14,620
5,089
99,601
50,188
999
8,667
161,598
800
507
914,559
2,109
4,285
1,«89
19,727
200
1,584
9722
92,739
18,815
958
458
1,072
ioo
68
9481,661
564,818
14,536
10,676
278.746
Rum
•••••• ••••■t
•••••« •••»«•••
Timber... ^ ... ... .» ...
Various n
2,700
281
200
967
18,190
8,435
Totals.........
9438,861
690,162
281,810
44,458
8,703
21,254
67
1,751
1,826,551
C— NAVIGATION.
"FriHnor to —
United States
Holland «.,
Germany ,
France «.
Norway
Portugal
Venesuela
iJemnark.....«M*....*M.....wOT«.
........................... ......
Entered.
Steamers.
No.
2S'
XvlAiP mmmm— ^mmwm —••••— 9m—
■ ••e •«•••• •••••• ••••• ••
23
49
Tont.
84,000
•••••••••■•
23,000
67,000
Sailing v(
sels.
No.
11
22
126
8
2
2
2
167
Tons.
4.329
2,430
7,331
Cleared.
Steamers.
No.
25
837
287
22:}
470
15,907
Tofu.
48
82,750
23,000
65,760
Sailing vc
sels.
No,
12
23
123
1
5
2
2
2
170
Ton§.
4,624
2,783
6,943
275
1,279
287
223
470
16,884
86
COMMEBCIAL BELATI0K8.
D.-8HIPPma I>ITBINQ THB YBAB 1888.
Enlered.
Caeaied.
From or to—
•
Bteamen.
SalllnffTee-
Totals
Steamers.
SaUinrTee-
Totals.
m
No,
12
14
12
11
Tont,
Nc.
18
8
16
04
28
TonM.
4,679
1,778
8,651
8,897
1,784
No,
18
12
22
16'
04
28
12
la.
1
10
Ttm0.
.4,679
15,750
20,028
8,651
8,897
1.784
12,000
11,209
147
817
•
No,
Tbrw.
No.
8
7 ■
TonM.
8,064
No.
8
18
17
8
02
84
11
14
1
1
19
TonM.
8,064
North Ameriofk (New
York Titk CoragAO,
15,750
18,280
12,000
11,000
IS
12
17,000
15.750
17,000
16,921
1,788
, HoiiMid :.
Great Britain^....^......
5
8
92
84
1.171
1,788
8.487
4,686
Dementra «.,..
8,487
Barbacloea..**** m.m«*m*«.
27
U
12
4,686
Martinique Tia Dem-
11,000
12,000
#•••• ••••••
•••••• ••• •••
11,000
12,220
147
2
1
10
209
147
817
2
1
1
19
226
147
84
2,281
Venesaela...^
Other oountriee or
••• *••
•«•»•• ••■•■•
84
2 231
Totale ^^
49
87,000
107
15,907
216
72.907
48
56,700
170
16^884
218
72.634
Unitsd States Covsuulte,
Paramaribo, Mag 29. 1889.
Thomas Bbown,
ConmL
FAIiKLAND ISLANDS.
STATEMENT PREPARED BY CONSUL LASAS.
ImporU during the year 1888.
Denrlptlon.
„„,,,, ,,,,„ K,, ,,„,,
stores
Prom United Kingdom:
Wearing apparel.......
Clothing material
Groceries and oilmens
Glass, etc
Furniture, bedding, eto...
Machinery and hardware..
Timber and building material
Shlp-ohandler's stores .
Sheep dip ^disinfectant)..
CocU •..
Specie ..,
Articles not enumerated.
Wine
Spirits. „
Malt liquor.. M
Tobacco.. «
Cigars
••* •••••e •• ••*••••
» •«*•••«•••••••• ••••••
Total
••••••••••••••••••■••••«••••••••••*••
Prom Montevideo :
Groceries and oilmen's stores
Flour, com, hay, eto
Fruit and vegetables ....y,..- ,
Wearing apparel ,
Animals...... „.... ,
Timber and building material...
8piritaM......M« « MX— •
Value
entered.
822,250
14,790
57,990
2,440
6,820
88,806
21,406
9,080
12,665
11,170
18,575
1,790
2,800
8,400
16.700
8,856
290
244,825
1,045
2,505
1,645
25
180
20
15
Deaorlptlon.
Montevideo— Continued.
Cigars .,
Total
Prom Europe, other than the United
Kingdom:
Apparel ...«.•—
Groceries and oilmen's stores.........
EUirthen-ware, glass, eto
Machinery, hardware
Furniture and bedding
Cigars .,„..,„.„,„.„„,
■• Malt liquor «..- „
Wine .,
Total
From Chili :
Groceries and oilmen's stores »..
Flour, com, hay, eto
Fruit and vegetables....^.
Wearing apparel
Timber and building material
Articles not enumerated..........^....
" mo •......................*.....•.......•.•••.«..
Total
Value
entered.
t35
5,410
635
280
155
160
750
185
60
2,770
1,125
12,21j9
690
120
3,285
85
20
17,
SOUTH AMERICA — FALKLAND ISLANDS.
87
BBOAPITULATION.
Ck>iintrl«i.
TTnfted Kingdom...... »........•
MoDtevideo „.,„,„^
Emope, other than the ITnlted Kingdom.
^SuUm. .......
..... • « ... •«...•. -..
.»#......■■..■
Total imports for the year of 1888....
Value.
$244,825
5,^0
17.635
270,040
Exports during the year 1888.
Deeoription.
To United Kingdom :
Wool............... «...
Tfcllow «.
Hides
Sheep-skins
Hair
Seal-skins.
Specie.
Total
^^^^^Mi»»e»ss««es— e»»e»#—
•■«• •« • •••••■
Value, in-
cluding
costs and
charges.
8382,685
13,995
4,580
29.660
145
1,940
8,000
436,136
Description.
To South America :
Specie
Livestock....;
Sheep dip (disinfectant)
Groceries and oilmen's stores..
Timber and building material.
Malt liquor'.
Empty bags
TotaL.
Value, in-
cluding
costs and
charges.
8875
6,590
1,025
80
125
26
360
7,680
REOAPITXJLATION.
United Kingdom .
South Amenoa
Total exports.
Ck>untrie8.
Value.
$436,185
7,680
443,716
NamgcMon at ihepwri of Stanley ^ Faildand Islands^for the year etiding December 31, 1888.
Entered.
Cleared.
Wag.
r
Steamers.
Sailing-ves-
sels.
Total.
Steamers.
Sailing-ves-
sels.
Total.
J9^*W«MU««****« •••esse ••••••••••• ••••••
Xorwcflrlan »..•..«
No.
1
788
No.
7
1
1
2
4
8
Tontt,
8,428
298
326
481
2,887
843
No.
•
1
1
2
18
Tans.
4,211
298
326
481
20,411
No.
1
Tons.
783
No.
7
Tovn.
4,8i;8
No.
8
TVms.
6,691
Danish «.,
1
2
4
6
326
481
2,387
1,212
1
2
18
6
826
481
\^OaID«Ma««s««*«»«*»fl»»»«f »«•••• ••«•«•
14
18,024
14
18,024
20,411
1,212
Total
16
18,807
18
6,763
80
26,727
16
18,807
20
9,214
86
28,021
UvrrxD Statks Goksulatb,
fOH 8kuU^, F. L, May 21, 1889.
S. Lasab,
Con$uL
88 COMMEBCIAIt RELATIONa
PEEU.
THK CHIRA VAIiliBT.
PAITA.
EEPOST BY OONSVLAM AGENT COLUMBUS,
KATIYS FSBUYIAN COTTON.
After fiye yean of drought this proYinoe and State are naturally depressed in the way
of commerce and all kinds of industiy. The valley of * ' Chira ' ' forpia a favorable excep-
tion. The pcodaction ol the valley consists principally of native Peruvian cotton.
OOSSYPIUM HKBBAGXUM PBfiUVIAKUM,
an article used very extensively in Europe for the mannfactare of woolen goods, with
which it mixes readily, on account of its rough, strong, and long fiber, is produced abund-
antly throughout the State, after the rainy seasons, which are periodical and occur gen-
erally every seven years, and is cultivated always along the banks of riveis on low lands
irrigated by the overflow of streams. The plant is arborescent and perennial, and after
fully developing continues producing cotton for Ave or six years in succession, provided
there be some moisture in the ground, needing, however, very little of it on account of
its deep footing, thus reaching moisture at great depths. The system of cultivation of
this plant is quite primitive, the seeds being planted by making holes in the ground
with spades, without tilling or manuring the soil.
The plant becomes developed and begins to bear cotton in dry and sandy soil about
six months after planting, and about nine months in rich and wet land, continuing to
yield at short intervals for five or six years more in Bucceasion.
It is wonderful to behold the same plant in blossom, with pods, buds, and cotton, all
at the same time, and giving a continual yield for the time above stated.
In certain seasons of the year, about every seven years, the rains are incessant here
for about two months, both in the interior and on the coast, and water descends in such
abundance as almost to inundate all the country.
Large torrents stream down the mountain side, the valley of the Chira is deluiced,
and flat lands within it are turned into morasses, and morasses into lakes; in a word,
the low land becomes submerged and the accumulated mass of waters rush with great
force down the central valley which fbrms their only outlet. The valley, however, is
> wide, and the descent very gradual. The extent of the valley through which the water
flows is from 3 to 4 miles wide, and though it is nearly 200 miles in extent, the valley
for the whole distance is almost level^ There is only sufficient descent, especially for the
last 60 miles, to determine a very gentle current to the sea.
Under these circumstances the great quantity of water proceeding from. the mountains
expands over the whole valley, and forms for a time an immense lake, extending in
length across the whole breadth of the low land.
The rains generally cease in March, but it requires from thirty-five to fifty days for
the water to disappear and leave the ]an# dry. As soon as that is efiected there springs
up from the whole surface of the ground which has been thus submerged most luxu-
riant vegetation. After clearing Uie land the cotton is planted, and then there is no
further labor required to preserve the plant, except an occasional cleaning out of weeds,
and pruning about every six months or year.
This soil IS wonderfully rich, and has been under cultivation by the aborigines from
time immemorial, and its fertility is kept up unimpaired by the slime <Ltimis terra)
which is abundantly deposited during inundation.
Cotton is collected, when the pods open, by women and children, who are paid in pro-
portion to the quantity collected, the prevailing rates being 40 cents for every quintal
(100 pounds). Cotton is taken from the fields to the ginning houses, where it is cleaned
and made into bales of about 175 pounds each. We have five of such establishments in
this province, one in Querecotillo, on the east side of the river, about 50 miles in the
interior, owned by an Englishman; two in Sullana, a city of about 4,000 inhabitants,
on this side or west side of river, about 45 miles from the coast, owned by natives, and
two in La Huaca, a village of about 1,000 inhabitants, on this side of the river, 21 miles
Ixom Paita, on the railroad to Puera; both are owned by foreigners, an ^"g"«»'""^ and
SOUTH AMEBIC A — ^PEBU.
89
an Italian. The quantity exported annnallj averages from 65,000 to 70,000 bales, the
gross Talneof which at current prices here is about $2,000,000 in current money (Boliv-
ian silver dollars, equal to 68 cents each). Seeds are now also exported for oil-making.
Europe is the market for both products.
GOAT-SKINS AND HIDX8.
Gdtton constitutes the first article of export ftt>m Paita, and next in importance come
goat-skins and hides, amounting in all to about $200,000 Peruvian silver soles, equal to
68 cents each. Goai-skins are sent to the United States and hides to £urope. Want of «
direct communication by steamer to the United States and consequent high freight
makes Europe a preferable market for hides on account of their great bulk and small
▼alue.
I send herewith statistics of exports to and imports from the United States, pro-
cared from the wrhives of the customs house here with a great deal of labor and diffi-
culty.
R. M. Ck)LUMBUS,
OonnUar Agent
Unttsd Statss Consular Aokncy,
Faiia, Peru, December 31, 1888.
ImgiHirte inio Paita, Peru, from the United Slates,
MonUi.
1887.
Jaly...
Ang,
Oct.«....M.
Artidefl.
Burners, oil-well sullies, and scale....... boxes ..
Chairs, stooks « ....do
Cotton, duck, and canvas bales...
Lard case^
Machineiy, pieces, watch, and canvas do
Lard, biscuits, Florida water, and knives ....do
Painl do
Sulphur ., do
Quantity.
Total.
Azes.......M cases.
Cutton, duck, chintz, and drills do....
Lard ; do....
Machinery and agricultural implements do....
Medicines ^ .....do. ..
Merchandise ot different kinds do....
Paper, books, envelopes, and pepper do....
Piano and desk utensil do....
Total
• «•*•«••■
Carpenter tools oases...
Cartridges, type-writer, rivets, and other things-.do......
Cotton, woolen, and cotton goods do
Iron pipes pieces...
Lard, canvas, cotton prints, and sulphur ...cases...
Merchandise for &mily use do
Medicines, biscuits, and pepper... do .'
Bubber belting and oil-well supplies do
Oil, kerosene, cotton goods, and axes d6
Total.
CottoU'gin machinery...... esses.
Cotton, yams, machinery, and files do....
Horse brushes and cotton duck do....
Florida water ;. « do....
Iron pipes do....
Lard « do....
Medieines « «. do....
Prints : do....
Photographic supplies and a camera do....
Bope , do....
18
5
13
45
12
61
3
16
Weight.
XOWU....ai
I— —«...«...«•.»...... I
6
21
20
6
12
20
28
8
1
28
47
62
178
I
6
8
SI
1
3
7
17
814
95
6
8
7
11
KUoa.
3,864
257
628
8,854
2,819
958
110
2,745
4,706
190
1,256
511
682
2,292
2,869
670
61
2,028
8,203
5.888
966
13,752
32
504
2S0
84
99
989
673
26,967
10,066
669
1,591
642
932
Value.
8162.00
32.20
895.80
545.00
481.97
621.00
28.00
120.00
2,838.97
52.00
2,306.09
178.00
95.39
458.00
1,070.00
810.00
690.00
6,056.48
42.00
687.50
956.67
2,018.20
106.00
2,350.00
50.00
230.00
. 100.00
^689.87
84.00
84.47
. 445.00
200.00
1.985.00
1,351.00
98.00
960.00
835.00
241.68
5,719.00
90
COMl^IERCIAL RELATIONS.
Imparls into Paito, Peru, from the United States — Coutinncd.
1887.
Not.-...
Deo.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr....
Bfaj..
Month.
Articles.
Azee caves..
Oanvaa...... ~ ~. hales..
Various merchandise.. do
Florida water do
Lard and medicines do
Photographic supplies and copying press caAes...
Prints and others, cotton goods do
ReToWersand chairs do
Sewing-machines, oil-well supplies, and Iron bars.
Total......A. .
Cotton prints and other cotton aKides cases..
Gray dock and oak chairs. do
Iron pipes........ ~. do.....
Lard :. do.....
Oil-well machinery do
Repairing for cotton-Rrln ......do
Sewing-machine supplies m do
Total.
Anchovy
Butter do ..
Chairs do...,
Chintx or prints do...
Florida water do...
Gray duck .........M....do...,
xiams.a....... ...••• ............M...... .MM. ......t*...MM.«....DarTeis
Hardware m ».do...,
Kerosene oil. ................boxes...
Lard
Liquid paint • do
Minium (red lead) keg...
Medicines ....caw
Nee<lle8 and machii^oU m^.. do
Oxide of sine keg...
Padlocks box
Printed cotton duck.....*.....t. bales
Screws
Slates. ............do
Starch ....do
8ewlng-machine......M.....M ^ •.M.....M.. do
Scales..... do
Tea do
Woolen, cotton, and twilled do
Total.
Oanyas bale.
Cotton goods • cases...
Chintz or prints do....
Lard do....
Total.
Axes
Candle mnchine do
Cotton goods do
Harmony prints do
Medicines and iron articles do
Paper do
Paint do
Starch do
ToUl.
Cotton goods and iron articles cases...
Cotton goods, chnirs.and axes do
Lard snd iron knives do
Medicines, cotton goods.iron articles and chairs.do
Paint-oil.. do
Total.
Canvas, ootton,and woolen goods
Chintz, oil, rubber and iron articles do
Horse nair, diamonds, watches, oil, and iron articles,
cases „ ,
Medicines, cotton goods, and Iron articles oases..
Papers, cotton goods, fruits, and revolvers ..do
ToUl.
Quantity.
10
3
43
7
44
4
8
8
12
17
16
60
2
1
12
8
2
12
81
10
6
4
2
25
115
4
1
88
1
1
1
4
2
1
2
1
1
4
6
1
80
4
20
24
7
7
4
86
5
12
2
26
28
21
25
6
Weight
JTOof.
280
472
8,048
395
10,1'ZO
91
1.928
148
668
1,887
a, 041
2,727
6,168
875
09
1.456
169
192
76
5,180
294
1,711
335
814
'965
11,482
257
47
8,184
16
99
83
64!S
204
63
166
78
86
254
1.002
162
2,216
624
1,780
012
840
1,208
680
8,0g6
263
77
197
1,608
1,896
1,782
2,189
658
88
47
20
60
2
6,286
2,686
1,081
4,647
176
Value.
86.60
800.00
991.00
11 A. 00
1.557.75
86.00
875.20
279.00
194.18
4.4R4.58
T, 008. 98
633.00
860.00
656.18
85.00
28.00
270.00
2.881.11
82.62
67.00
14.00
8,217.72
9&00
787.00
93.22
55.00
100.00
1,547.01
84.00
6.50
690.98
7.00
8.00
14.98
409.00
800.00
4.26
14.60
28.94
85.10
230.00
648.71
8,192.13
72.44
1,019.81
242.00
284.00
1.566.25
270.00
100.00
670.00
870.00
820.1)1
83.16
85.00
18.20
1,816.87
HLOO
641.85
829.00
868.07
64.86
2,608.28
8,060.64
708.67
630.00
1«985.10
92.24
6,S7L66
SOUrn AMERICA — PERU.
91
Impa^ into Paiia, FerUj from the United States — Gontinaed.
Jionfth.
Jane.
Artlolea,
Quantity.
Axes ^ canes...
Bruahea, baxDB, pepper, and (^nnamon bales...
Ouivaa, cotton goods, twilled, and iron articlea^do
Lamps and chimneys do
Lard........... ^ M... .......cases. ..
Total.
T6tal for the year..
24
10
11
2
20
Weight.
828
997
1.178
106
1.700
Value.
9S28.80
352.76
483.88
60.00
242.60
1,466.91
49.428.10
Exports to United State$,
1887.
July....
—*
Aug..
sepc^.M.
uca .M >..
NOY^.
1888.
Jan.....
Feb.«..
Mar.....
Apr....
May...
Jane...
GtoatHikins bales.
Straw hats (100 dosens) boxes.
Ox-hides
Total...
Ooat-akina. bales.
Oz-hides .,
Total ...
Goat^kins.....^ bales.
Straw hais (60 dozens).. ....« box.
Total.....
Oottpn........ bales...
Goatskins do
Ox-hides
Total.
Goat-ekins.
Ox-hides ....
.bah
Total.
Cotton ^ bales.
Ooat-skins do ...
Ox>hides « .■
Sweets (chancaca).. case.
rrotai.
Total.
Cotton bales...
Goat-skins : do....
Total ?.
Goal-skins..... .'...bales.
Total 1.-
Goatskins and plants.....': .bales.
Total
Goat-skins and 1,020 ox-hides bales...
Straw hate, 72 dosens
Total
Goat-skins and 964 ox-hides bales.
hats, 128 dosens. boxes...
X ouu ...... ..... ..<
Total for the y<
••• ••••••
77
2
7
8,377
84'
89
249
69
1
60
94
800
104
457
110
8
620
1
159
260
106
47
66
156
62
1
108
2
11,946
2.830
6,910
4.980
11,026
9,420
18,631
6,000
17,822
2,887
8,480
6,245
6,821
15,800
19,452
16,234
!*«••«••*•«•••••••
>••••« ••#•■•••»••
80.864.00
2,200.00
140.00
12.204.00
13,650.00
811.00
14.891.00
6.413.00
1.400.00
7.813.00
1.800.00
12.014.00
2,900.00
16.714.00
15,540.00
1,620.00
17,060.00
9,180
2,750.00
810
900.00
6,240
1,900.00
78
40.00
6,600.00
16,635.00
840.00
17,475.00
2,660.00
6,680.00
9,^.00
7,400.00
7,400.00
20,844.00
20,844.00
12.600.00
1,400.00
14,000.00
,19.180.00
8.000.00
22.180.00
166,041.00
THE WEST INDIES
BRITISH WEST INDIES.
THE BAHAMAS.
ImpcfU at Bahama Idandsfar the year ending December 31, 1888.
DoBoriptlon.
Ale and porter:
In bottles >dosen quarts...
In wood gallons..
Beans and pease..... ........Darrein..
Biscuit and bread :
Common do
Fancy ^ ........pounds..
Brandy srallons..
Butler pounds..
Candles:
Sperm ..do
Tallow do
Oattle number...
Cheese pounds-
Copper and yellow metal...do
Currants, figs, and raisins. ..do
Cigars number..
Coffee .< pounds...
Corn bushels...
Corn-meal and hominy ..bairels...
Fish:
Dried pounds...'
Salted .barrels...
Flour, wheat. do
Hay pounds..,
Hulks and materials .value..
Ice tons..
Lard pounds..
Lumber feet..
Machinery value..
Manures barrels..
Mahogany value..
Meat:
Fresh pounds..
Salted do
-Molasses gallons...
Nails, of iron .^ pounds.
Oats and bran * bushels...
Oil:
Kerosene gallons..
Others do
Plante
Potatoes and other vegetables,
barrels
Printed books value...
Kice pounds...
Rum « gallons...
Shingles:
Cypress number...
Not cypress do
Soap, common pounds...
Staves value...
Spars ..number...
98
Quantity.
1,893
9,202
706
805
4«,923
W
108,921
15,462
2,518
140
28,465
6,271
7,849
85,600
148,859
6,300
10.308
44,394
32
80,434
145,584
2,098
139,683
1,075,697
Valoe «n«
tered.
1,166
27,050
645,384
4,237
103,551
6,815
68,316
6,900
1,463
1,412,900
17.914
710,000
260,000
113, 196
809
$8,266.62
3,858.60
1,128.72
1,727.66
8,848.25
1,239.86
S3, 646. 10
8,862.86
214. 12
4,257.90
8,610.40
783.10
930.00
876.00
17, 490. K)
4,087.85
88,298.10
1,849.35
447.70
118, 878. 10
1,396.00
2,700.00
1,985.00
12,253.60
14.775.00
3,110.00
6,656.06
1,989.80
6,376.10
43,676.00
1,596.00
3,250.90
3,007.60
7,693.10
8,236.00
544.00
8,878.00
2,679.00
27,830.05
11,806.60
8,770.00
1,067.00
4,811.05
8,112.00
640.00
Amount
of duties.
$488.11
1,066.76
48.80
879.68
457.45
846.76
4,360.20
418.66
88.90
840.66
680.66
97.86
160.86
209.26
2,063.06
884.46
6,011.00
288.40
84.06
80,647.00
860.10
467.00
Free.
2.688.70
2,48L66
Free,
free.
Free.
894.10
6,860.90
165.40
748.80
876.10
8,990.00
819.70
Free.
856.10
Free.
6,812.00
18,768.00
433.10
126.00
1,863.10
Free.
Countriea wbance imported.
Great Britain; United States
Do.
United States.
Do.
Do.
Graat Britain; United States.
United States.
Great Britain; United States.
United States.
Spanish West Indies.
United States.
Great Britain; United States.
Do.
United States; Westlndlee.
Do.
United States^
Do. ^
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Wrecked vessels.
United States. -
United States.
United States; Dereliet^
United States.
Do.
DereaioL
West Indies.
United States.
Do.
United States;
Do.
United States.
Do.
United States; Great Britain.
United States.
Do.
Great Britain; United SUtes.
Do.
Great Britain; United Stetes:
Westlndlee.
United Stales.
Do.
United States; Great Britain.
Vessels in distress.
United Statee.
^
BBITISH WEST INDIES — THE BAHAMAS. 93
ImporU at Bahama ItHand9for the year aiding Deeen^ber 31, 1888 — Continued.
•
D«Mriptloii.
Qnantitj.
Value en-
tered.
Amount
of duties.
€k>untries whence imported.
Sugar:
Beflned ....... .■•MM>..M..poQnds...
UnTefiiied.......M ...» do
Xobar4v>:
MaDufBCtared ......do
Unmanufaotared ....do
Tuxtlee ....number...
Wines .stfllona...
Woolen ipoods, cottons, linens,
rilks, hardware, earthenware,
etc^paying an ad valorem duty
of20p«r oentum.
280,000
2,601,786
0,287
90,636
26,467
103
2,644"
816,197.00
116,280.10
10,158.61
1,961.10
17,063.06
8,527.00
812.00
4,053.10
841,452.10
16,007.00
6,938.05
8,830.11
1,250.06
6, 673. 10
Free.
Free.
1,966.00
62,242,06
United States: Great Britain.
United States : Great Britain ;
Weat Indies; wrecks;
vessels in distress.
Various countries.
United States; Great Britain.
United States.
Do.
Do.
United States; Great Britain.
Great Britain; United States,
West Indies; Honduras:
Republic of Colombia, ana
Germany.
xovai.... ......•....•«•.•«••.*.«••• •«•«..
■« • •••••• •••««••••
080,406.67
181,861.10
•
i
ISxpcfUfrom the Bahama Islands for the year ending December 31, 1888.
DMcriptloii.
<iiiaatity.
Value,
inoludini:
costs and
charges.
Countries whither exported.
Bark.eascarilla ..«.. ........pounds...
100,086
86,478
43,652
12,509.50
10,345.50
8,493.60
1,590.00
2,130.90
714.00
9,645.00
204,811.10
836.06
2,000.00
22,800.06
1«400.00
6,433.10
24,489.96
16,150.00,
289,012.10
12,043.06
80,981.15
United Stotes; Great Britain.
United States; Prance.
United States * Great Britain.
Cariosities, marine....Mit- value...
Fruit, fresh;
Unitod States.
Do.
Goooanutfl .•••••- -..number...
OranS^S .•••• »M«as««saee*«dO
86,194
8,060,000
646,348
8,680
21,410
165,922
Do.
Do.
United Stotes ; Great Britoin.
United States.
vftnouB *«•#•• •■••• ••••*•••••■••»«.•• vftiu v.. •
Fmtta, preserved ;
Arineappies*....«...M ...••...•... ...cases...
Bunctries......M. ..>.•••«. •.•..»«. value...
Metal, old pounds...
Miscellaneous ........value...
United Stotes; Great Britoin.
United Stotes.
United Stotes; Great Britain.
United Stotes.
United States; Great Britoin:
Oftav»* »«•••••*»*•«•..•••••••••.•■• ••••••«*.0UoX10XB...
BpOIi{p6B .•■•«•■■•. ••••••*•••••••«• ••MvapOUuCU..*
Turtle shell do
Woods dye and cabinet.. value ..
221,711
788,886
4,728
France; West Indies.
United Stotes; Canada; West In-
dies.
United Stotes; Great Britoin; Hol-
land.
United Stotes; Great Britain.
United Stotes.
Tnft&l
591,426.06
94
COMMERCIAL RELATION&
Jmp9rts and exports between the Bahama Islands and ihs United Statitfor ike peat 1888.
▲itlolas.
Ale and porter :
In boUlee..........~-.....~ dozen quarts...
In wood ^ «. eallons...
Apples .....M. » barrels...
Beans and pease bushels...
BIsouit and bread :
Common barrels...
Panoy • ....^ « pounds...
Brandy ....^ gallons...
Butter pounds...
Candles do
Cheese „ do
Coal .• tons...
Coffee pounds...
Copper and yellow metal do
Corn bushels...
Corn-meal and hominy barrels...
Currant*, figs, and raisins pounds...
Pish:
Dried ..; « do
8alted « ..barrels...
Flottr, wheat do
Gin, whisky, etc gallons...
Hay pounds...
loe tons...
Laid M pounds...
Lumber feet...
Machinery ...«.
Manures « barrels...
Meat:
Fresh.. pounds...
Salted do
NaiLs, of iron do......
Oakum .• bales...
Oats and bran bushels...
Oil:
Kerosene -.... .gallons...
Others m. do
Piioh, tar, and ro«in barrels —
Plants M iValue...
Potatoes and other yegetables barrels...
Bloe.....M ..pounds...
Rum ..............M - gallons...
Shingles ....>..... number...
8oap,.oommon.M «. pounds...
Spars M ~ number...
Steam-boilers.....^ value
Sugar:
aSOuuvO •»•••«•••••«•••••«••■•••••••••••••••■•••••• «••••• poll II QB *••
Unrefined ^ do
Sundries value...
Tea ~ pounds...
Tobacco:
Manufactured do
Unmanufactured do
Turpentine, spirits gallons...
Turtles- .....number...
Wines galluns...
Woolen goods, cottons, linens, silks, hard\\are,
earthen-ware, etc, paymg an ad valorem duty of
20 per cent value...
Bark, medicinal pounds...
Cotton do
Curiosities and shells value...
Fiber, HiMal pounds...
Fruit, fresh:
Bananas value...
Cocoanuts number...
Oranges do
Pineapples dozen...
Tomatoes crates...
Various value...
Fralt. preserved :
Pineapples cases...
Various .value...
Metal, old „ pounds...
Salt ......M. M bushels...
Sponges.. M.......MMM...MMM. pounds...
Turtle shell do....
Woods, dye and oablnet.................. valae
Imports.
Amount.
ToCaL...
...w. ................. ........ ..........
1,067
038
125
706
806
40,928
120
106,021
6,100
27,029
33
84,642
4,909
6,300
10,906
7,096
44,394
32
30,624
8,029
145,584
2,098
139,683
9W.597
1,156
27,060
545,384
94,029
U9
6,816
68,316
2,980
184
1,500
174,435
2,347
970,000
109,082
309
287,568
265,447
2,833
90,539
25,977
611
103
666
»•••••••• •••••••«
Value.
11,864.18
348.82
801.73
1,128.72
1,727.65
8,348.25
233.00
23,646.10
635.30
8,013.10
180.00
4,828.06
696.10
4,087.86
88,298.10
900.00
1,849.86
447.70
118,878.10
2,925.00
1,896.00
1,985.00
12,258.60
14,351.06
3.110.00
6,666.06
5,376.10
48,676.00
2,860.12
360.13
8,007.60
7,693.10
2,014.00
408.80
644.00
8,878.60
8,853.06
1,4S0.00
4,837.00
8,834.10
640.00
223.80
16.084.00
13,963.06
8,537.42
1,041.00
17,063.06
8,527.00
277.40
812.00
1,386.10
191,696.30
Amount.
•••••«••••«•
••••••••« •■e**««*<
67.960
• •••
••*•••«•••••••••«■
2,000
•«•••••••«••«#«•••
*•••••«•••••••••«•
■••«••»•••••*•••••
•••••••••■•••••«•.
• •••••••••#•«
682. 823.00
862
•»s *••••• •••#•••••
66,613
88,796
18,288
86,194
3,060,000
386.643
8,580
21,410
187,863
188,176
684. 9R0
8,468
•«••«••••
Value.
•■•»•—•—»•■—»«
» ■■■■•■■■ • •••
$7,861.40
••••«*••• •• ■»■■■ m
» •■•••••^essssee
■•*••••
>*••*••«
!••«••
»•« •••••• •mm ••
t26.S0
•••••••«•«
)«•••••«••
••ee
6,894.30
1,913.10
1.280.10
8,ti:r.os
3,622.00
277.40
3,180.90
714.00
9,645.06
191,40a06
838.05
1,010.16
33,800.06
1,306.00
6,807.10
8,710.00
186,688,00
9,082.00
aQ,98L00^
BRITISH WEST INDIES — ^BARBADOES. 95
Naviffotion ai the porta of the Bahama Islandafor the year ending December 31, 1888.
-
•
Entered.
Cleared.
Flac.
*
Steamers.
Saillnff ves-
Steamers. -
m
Ir
AmwrkMUL
TTnitod SttttMi
No.
21
Ton$.
35,818
No.
92
4
1
1
1
1
147
Tona.
9,418
806
892
420
857
149
18,918
No.
20
Tont.
83,098
No.
70
Tons.
7,826 *
816
British West Indies^
DaAiah West Indies^
.
Dutch West Indies ^,,
Spanish West Indies
Havtl ~...
20
88,060
20
33,093
8
849
RrltUbi. •..««•■.•.••.
United States
2
2
1,071
1.677
I
I
72
834
162
6
6
8,604
881
TTnited Kinfldom ^... ......
719
British O-iiiftna
1
2
40
498
110
8,258
British Honduras
British West Indies.
1
884
1
834
.n..
1
48
1
65
2.060
670
Madeiia. *
2
1
2
14
1
1
18
4
825
149
640
674
243
189
878
657
West Africa. ■»......
French West Indies
.
Spanish West Indies......
1
834
14
460
y^ftTtofi CtiiIiiaa ...«•••*..«.■>
Haytl «
1
1,000
8
8
1
287
St. Domlnffo ..................
287
AAyUflA ••••••••••••.
United States ~....m...
196
British West Indies....:...
2
20
5
46
543
100
Havti -
""u
5
1
804
St. Domlnso
••••••#■■•••
100
DonlDlfim •••.»•••
British West Indies.
60
Danish West Indies..
1
IS
••••*••••■•
46
71,960
861
83,088
46
69,760
850
23,164
VvtTED States Consulatk,
Naaaau, April 24, 1889.
Thos. J. MoLaik, Jr.,
ConiuL
BABBADOES.
REPORT BY COmUL DIMlllOX.
The low prices which were raling this market in 1887 have oontinued Qnimproved
during the whole of 1888, and have had, as was nataral to expect, a farther baneihl in-
fluenoe, not only upon the agricaltaral and financial sitnation of the island, but upon
its trade and commerce generally, although the crop has been maintained at the same
standard of |Ktended production as last year. The depression remaining unabated has
resulted in flR rain of several planters whose estates have had to be put in chancery not-
withstanding the most strenuous efforts to tide over the crisis once more.
The United States have, however, continued to keep the control of the sugar market
in this island, and a steady business can be henceforth anticipated in muscovado sugar
between the United States and Barbadoes, as well as an ever-increasing current in the
minor industries seeking a market, which have lately sprung up from the unremunera-
tive prices offered for the staple produce of the land, and it will be noticed that the trade
with the United States has, notwithstanding this regrettable state of affairs, gone on in-
creasing on the former year's busineas^ although not in the same proportion as that of
1887, as oompared with 1880.
96
COBfHERCIAL RELATIONS
The following table giyes the exports of aagar and moLisees in detail for the
and 1888:
1887
United states ^ ;^
United Kingdom^
British North American proylnoee
All other plaoee ~
TotiJ « -
Sngar.
1887.
,60,2784
12,61U
5,244*
8684
68,896
1888w
52,7284
15,1604
4.7481
874
78,00»|
1887.
«,026
00
85,061
112
44,289
6,810
68,580
48
60,882
Manufaetureg. — ^There has been an increase in the ram distilleriea, which namber ^
working ones in 1888 against 21 in 1887, and which mannfactared 405,050 gallons, tbI-
ned 1284,165.60.
The two numnre works mannfacted abont 3,200 tons, valned $182,40^
The snlphnr-match factory mannfactared abont 18,000 gross, valaed aboat $10,000.
The divere lime-kilns did about the same business y last year.
There are oil wells in Scotland district which yielded 228 barrels cmde oil in 1888,
Talned $3,283.20.
Deaorlptlon.
Arrived:
18*r
1888
Entered:
1887
Cleared:
1887
1888
Ships
of
war.
85
Taohti.
4
6
Steamers.
875
882
286
806
285
307
Tonnage.
0
Sail-
▼eeeeU.
600,420
614,089
1,738
1,826
860,490
401,968
1,014
1,066
863.646
402,282
1,004
1.078
Tonnage.
465,881
500,908
154,792
160,748
146,881
161,387
Total.
2,m
2,251
1,800
1.871
1,289
1.880
Tonnagew
972,251
1,015,547
515,291
663,716
510,027
668,619
AMERICAN VESSEI^.
Entered :
1887...
1888...
Cleared:
1887...
1888...
4
5
4
5
8,287
9.646
8,237
9,546
96
118
96
115
80,466
89,664
30,802
39,169
100
123
100
120
88,708
49,810
89.089
48,706
1888...
Tear.
inoreaee, X(0H.....M*a..«
Imports.
i
$4,719,301.62
5,090,757.72
861,456w20
85,104,308.00
6,168,000.74
S8.7B2.S4
Trade with the United SUUea.
Year.
AO0<l>«»»»s »»••••••*•••••—»•»>•♦»»•••■•••— ♦ ••••• •«•«*«•*•••<
Increase, 1888w .........m....
Imports.
81,663,318.86
1,910,4U.54
857,099.18
92.663,947.66
2,600,837.68
97,890.11
BBITISH WEST INDIES BARBADOE&
97
Hevenue of govemmeni.
Year.
1887.
1888.
Increase, 1888..
Decrease, 1B88.
Customs re-
ceipts.
$446,101.98
481,378.46
35,276.48
Prom other
eouroes.
$338,647.58
299,644.74
89,002.79
Total.
$784,749.51
78^1^.20
8, 726. 31
Expenditure of government,— Total Amount expended, 1887, $742,133.05; 1888, |718,-
606.92. Decrease, 1888, $23,525.13.
Education. — ^Amount expended by the government for education during the year 1888,
$68,187.96.
Marriages, 928; baptisms, 7,725; deaths, 3,814.
ChmnUUed to prison, — Men, 1,341; women, 1,299; juveniles, 60; total, 2,700.
Emigration, — Emigration has been almost nominal this year, being limited to Santa
Cruz and Guadeloupe, from four to five hundred emigrants only being sent to the above-
Bamed islands.
Financial, — ^American gold is legal tender, but at a discount of 1 1 per cent. Ameri-
can silver is not legal tender, but is generally taken at a discount of 20 per cent. Ameri-
can greenbacks are not taken, except at the same discount of 20 per cent, by a few of
the principal stores in exchange for goods, on account of the risk of sustaining losses in
making remittAce of them to the United States or of meeting with spurious notes. This
mistrust of paper money is not singular or limited to the American greenback, even the
Bank of England notes being refused unless indorsed by some firm or person of good
financial standing in the community.
' Sanitary. — ^The health of the island for the year has been good.
Average prices of principal articles of use or consumption in 1888.
^:
20
40
4.00
Beef per pound...
Beer per dozen...
Rrandjr per gallon...
Batter:
Fresh per pound...
Halt do
Codfish, salt : .....do
CoflTee.. do
Goats 4.00
Homed (»itle 48.00 to 72.00
Horses. 192.00
.24
.40
.05
.24
.36
Milk per gallon...
Mutton per pound...
Pork do
Rice do
Salt do
Sheep
Sugar, refined .....per pound...
Swine per 100 pounds
Tea, black per pound
Tobacco do „
Wheat flour, per barrel 196 pounds
Wine per dozen
90.32
.20
.12
.06
.01
7.28
.00
7.02
.74
.80
6.50
8.00
3feteorological record for 18S8. — Observations taken at longitude 59^ 37^ 30^^ west, lati-
tude 13° 5^ 30^^ north, 430 feet above sea-level. Barometrical pressure, 9 a. m., 30°.
Mean temperature of air^ 6 a. m., 78°.3; 6 p. m., 80°. Rain-fall, 80.06 inches. Thun-
der-storms from January to December, 4. Clear skies, 302 days; wind northeast, 280
days; wind southeast, 85^ days; wind southwest, 1 day.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS BY COUNTRIES.
Total value of imports and exports of the Island of BarhadoeSf West Indies^ from and to each
couniry^ for the year 1888.
Ck>untries.
Total im-
ports there-
from.
United Kingdom.
BRmSH OOLOiaiS.
British North Amerioan colonies
British West Indies
British Guiana..
Bermuda
Gaieutta
Ascension .«...
Total....
10611 0 E 7
^,068,328.46
380,219.34
190,161.94
128,872.20
171,010.18
20.88
870, 284. 54
Total exports.
Produce and
manufact-
ures of the
island.
1856,281.56
761,632.80
16^638.52
14,161.50
18,615.00
811,077.82
British, for-
ei}?n, and
other colon-
ial produce
and manu-
facture.
S17. 989. 14
Total ex-
ports
thereto.
1874,270.70
153.60
539,068.54
117,289.02
59.52
656,570.68
761,786.40
555,707.06
131.450.52
18,704.52
1,467,648.50
98 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Total value of unparU and acportt 9f the Mind of Barbadoe$ etc — CiHtanued.
Ck»ttntrl<
OTBU OOUHTBIXB.
United states :
Prance
Foreiicn West Indies
Montevideo » «...
Brssil .:...
Venezuela
Pent
Dutch Ouiana
BuenoA Ayres
New Granada
Whaling „
Total » ^
KSCAPXTUULTXOV.
United Kinirdom..
British colonies
Poreign countries
Grand total
Total Im-
ports Ihers-
from.
$1,910,412.64
17.135.84
98,841.68
IS, 025. 86
67.80
6,106.60
63,884.00
7,636.26
9,334.70
12,635,267.68
24,711.00
2,152,144.72
2,068,828.46
870,284.64
2,162,144.72
6,080,757.72
P
Exports thereto.
Produce and
manufact-
ures of the
island.
84.72
1,204.82
British, for-
eiffn, and
other colon-
ial produce
ana manu-
facture.
826,080.00
107,372.68
"*'6,'566."40
40,505.80
12.00
2,686,646.72 179.536.88
jn6,281.66
811,077.82
2,636,546.72
4,808,906.10
17,989.14
656,570.68
179,686.82
864,096.64
Total ex^
porta
thereto.
82,660.337.68
ib7,"457V34
6,566.40
41.709.18
12.00
2,816,083.54
674,270:70
1,467.648.50
2.816,>t3.54
6,168,002.74
IMP0BT8 BY ABTIOLES,
Imporia at Barbadoee, Weal Indies, for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Description.
Bread pounds...
Butter do
Cattle, every description
Goal, every description.. tons...
Com and grain, unground,
pounds...
Com meal barrels...
Pish, every description, quin-
tals and barrels.
Plour barrels...
Guanos and manures.....tons...
Linens, cottons, etc
Liquors, every description.
Meat, saltand oured..pounds...
Miscellaneous
Oats, bran and pollard lbs...
Quantity.
8,679,606
688,826
16,443i
7,820,618
82,618
91,197
70,839
9,960
8,078,957
'••••• •«'
Oil meal and oilcake
Uice
Staves and shooks
Wood, all descriptions
do
do
Total.
4,964,816
8,762,423
13.836,847
4,723.763
Value en-
tered.
«n,821.40
106,088.50
167,781.20
117,796.60
106,416.88
117,426.14
260,366.84
426,086.22
885,634.40
814,568.88
127,625.48
184,787.42
1,295,008.46
85,606.12
75,248.46
276,706.94
204,066.56
255,595.72
5,080.757.72
Amount of
duties.
14,296.90
6,280.26
7,296.00
9,866.14
8,786.00
0,864,10
4,919.64
89.781.22
Free.
68,004.74
67,717.26
26,600.26
181,689.54
8,290.00
8.762.76
18,873.16
5,668.00
19,245.90
425,931.06
Countries whence Imported.
United States and British West
Indies.
United States, Great Britain,
and Prance.
United Stat^ Montevideo,
British West Indies,
Great Britain and British
West Indies.
United States and British West
Indies.
Do.
British North American Prov-
inces and United States.
United States and British West
Indies.
Great Britain, Iquique, and
British West Indies.
Great Britain.
Great Britain, United States,
West India IsUnds.
United States.
Great Britain, United States,
West India Islands. •
British North American Prov-
inces, United States, Copen-
hagen.
United States.
Calcutta and Great Britain.
United States.
United States and British
North American Prorinoes.
%
BBITISH WEST INDIES — ^BARBADOES.
99
EXPORTS BY ABTICLES.
Esqporia front Baitbado€8, West Indies^ for the year ending Decetnber 31, 1888.
DeaoripUon.
Butter « ^ pounds...
Coffee ~ .^ do
Fieh, every deacrlption... quintals...
Plour ^.......MM...... barrels...
Linens. ooUons, etc
Meat, every description ...pounds...
Ikllsoellaneous
puncheons...
Bioe pounds...
Quantity.
133, 59S
14.428
43,933
30,554
807,621
'42,832
2,508,594
Wood, every deaorip\ion » ^
Total ».«
Value, in-
cludingp costs
and charges.
t24,047.64
1,731.36
128,627.04
183,824.00
106,100.80
48,457.26
332,880.36
642,480.00
50,169.48
8,610,078.84
32,205.96
5,168,002.74
Countries whither exported.
British and foreign West Indies, Brit-
ish and Dutch Ouiana.
British West Indies and Groat Brit-
ain.
British and foreign West Indies, Brit-
ish and Dutoh Quiana and Brazil.
Do.
Do.
Do.
United States, British North Ameri-
can Provinces, Oreat Britain, Ber-
muda.
British and foreign West Indies, Brit-
ish and Dutch Quiana.
United States. British North Ameri-
can Provinces, Great Britain, Ber-
muda.
British and foreign West Indies, Brit-
ish and Dutch Guiana.
TBADE WITH THK' UNITED STATES.
Imports and exports between Barhadoea, W&i Indies^ and ihe United Stales^ for the year
1888.
Articles.
Bread
Butter ,
Cora and grain, unground
Com meal
Plour ;
Meat, salted and cured.
Miscellaneous
Molasses
Oil-meal andoil-(»ke
Hugar
Staves and shoolca
Total
Imports.
$76,636.02
58,859.28
86,573.84
114,928.50
420,204.92
173,424.06
607,567.64
75,237.72
5,460.84
201,619.72
1,910,412.64
Exports.
927,231.68
102,150.00
'i'S30,'966'.o6
2,660,337.68
NAVIGATION.
Navigation ai the port of Barbadoee, West Indies, for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Flag.
Prom or to-
Entered.
Cleared.
Steamers.
Sailing vessels.
Steamers.
Sailing vessels.
British
Great Britain
United States
British N. Ameri-
■ can Provinces....
No.
120
41
Tons.
174,435
38,556
No.
25
25
112
469
107
29
45
Tons.
7,309
7,581
17,379
22.303
8,343
10,952
3,459
No.
40
24
Tons.
59.689
23,361
No.
25
61
82
610
Tons.
18,852
25,209
15,304
27,715
British W.Indies...
British Quiana
Brazil
lC/7
29
1
142, 449
36,652
738
193
260,788
Foreign W. Indies..
Prencli Guiana
1
999
52
1
2
23
1.999
49
British Honduras..
Dutch Guiana
2
1,728
400
24
14
1,809
12,060
6,565
85
1,142
i.aw
187
1,456
Buenos Ay res..
Calcutta
Bermuda
6
672
W. Coast of Africa..
Cape of Good Hope
Mauritius ~
Mexico...
1
299
Canaries
270
846
Ascension
•••••••••••
Japan .. ..^m.m..
••••■•••
......M......
••••••••
••»••••••••••«
"l
i'iai
100 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Navigation ai the part of BarbadeeSf West Indies^ etc, — Continned.
Flac<
From or to^
Bntored.
Cleared.
Steamers.
Sailing: veaseU.
Steamers.
Sailinir TeeseU.
United SUtea.
United States
British W. Indies...
French W. Indies..
No.
(•)
■ • • ••
3bn«.
No.
79
3
3
•
25,259
1,174
703
No.
(*)
TbfM.
No.
48
36
Tbtw.
16,440
Danish W Indies..
7
5
2
8
1
I
8
2,503
2,718
British Quiana.
4
1
1
1,084
849
42
Dutch Quiana.
«•«••■•«• •>••■
French Guiana......
Cuba
329
'
B,(A!>
Hayti
3SX7
Porto Rico ......
332
Turk's Island
3,049
Coast of Africa
1
17
4
2
1
9
6
897
9,052
2,708
1,477
588
1,027
506
Brazil.
Buenos Ayrea
(*>
(•)
(*)
(*)
i'*
431
Montevideo
Mexico
3
9
6
7
83
2
6
32
2
1
11
1
2
1,449
Whalinsr
1,027
Vonttziieln
Venesuela
1
1
200
501
1
1
260
601
582
Spanish
Prench ... ... ...
Puerto Rico
Brazil, Buenos
Avres. Monte-
yideo.WestIndia
Islands. United
King^dom, and
France, Italy,
Austria, West
Coast of Africa,
British North
American Prov-
inces, United
States, Mexico,
etc.
6
86
2
6
33
2
1
10
1
2
1,817
2,208
849
1,907
14,422
1,143
506
4,108
497
1,676
2,102
1,874
849
Dutch
Danish
Swedish
• ••««■••
- »*#•••«*••••«
2,107
Norwearian...
Argentine
Grecian «
13,523
►
1,143
506
Gennan -..,...
4,390
497
Italian .........
•
Austrian
1.676
300
262
Total
393,531
1,095
173,997
847,266
966
166,539
*
* No American steamers have been entered or cleared in 1888, but the United States and Brazil
Mail Steamship Company's steamers have stopped regularly en route for the delivery of mails.
DECLARED EXPORTS.
Declared valiie of exports from the consular district of Barbadoes to the United States during
^ the year ending December 31, 1888.
Articles.
Aloes
Cloclc
Cocoa
Jellies
Molasses
Old iron
Old metals
Returned packi^es.
Skins
Pugar
Tar
Vanilla beans
Total
Total preceding year
Increase-
Decrease
Quarter ending—
March 31.
$ii,a?7.oo
1,189.53
HI 1.49
374.86
638.29
145.61
14.196.78
79,239.56
65,042.74
June 30.
$34.50
«5,*576.'59
396.09
1,329,835.87
6,000.00
1,431.843.03
1,840,714.31
90,628.74
September
80.
$1,168.71
766.89
12.94
29,282.89
120.11
45.04
238.93
1,334,264.37
1,365,894.88
1,145,450.96
220,443.92
December
81.
$7,151.22
210.47
204,071.81
211,483.60
39,984.54
171,448.96
Total for the
year.
$1,163.71
34.50
766.89
12 94
143, 047! 70
1,189.53
120.11
856.53
1,220.35
2, 868, 310. .34
145.61
6,000.00
8,022,868.21
2,605,389.87
417,478.84
United States Consulate,
Barbadoes^ October 16, 1889.
£. A. DiMMICK,
Consuls
•V
BRITISH WEST INDIES BERMUDA.
101
BERMUDA.
BBPOBT BT CONaVL ALLEH, OF BAMIL'iOS.
In accordance with instructions contained in Consular Regulations, I have the honor
to transmit herewith my annual statements of trade and navigation within this oonsalar
district, including also the port of St. George's, for the year ending December 31, 18H7.
I am unable to separate the commerce of the port of St. George's, as no separate record
ia available.
The imports from the United States for the year 1887 amount to a total value of $850,-
217.01, showing a decrease in value from the previous year of $21,560.17, which is more
than accounted for by the lower prices of many of the articles.
Tbe trade with tbis colony is simply a trade of demand and supply for the inhabitants,
and varies but little from year to year. The merchandise is imported chiefly by steamer,
weekly or semi-monthly.
Ck>mmercial speculation and enterprise to any great extent is unknown here, and there
ia but little competition, as merchandise is largely sold on long credit, accounts being
settled once in a year.
The crop of early vegetables this season was a small one, a blight having destroyed a
portion of the onion crop, but as they were ready for shipment earlier than usual by
nearly a month, and there being a scarcity in the market of the United States, they
found a ready sale at unusually large prices, and gave a return to the colony of over
$400,000.
American visitors leave a large amount of money here during the winter months, which
stimulates trade to some extent, and the condition of the colony seems to be improving
ftom year to year. *
Ghas. M. Allbn, Consul,
Hamilton, Bermuda, June 30, 1888.
Imports at Bermuda for the year ending December 31, 1887.
Description.
From the United Kingrdom :
Building: materials
Clotbinfc
Ck>t(on goods
Dry goods
Drags
Earthen-ware
Furniture ,
Fish, preserved
Fancy goods ,
OIssM ware
Groceries.
Hardware.
Jewelry and plated ware.,
Leather manufactures
Musical instruments
Oils and paints
* Oilmen's stores
Bioe
Stationery
Tea
Woolen goods
Sundry other articles
AlcohoU brandy, rum, and
gin.
Booka
Cigars
Coal
Government stores
Coal for government
Malt liquors
Saltpeter
Tobaooo.
Wine
Tbtal ftom the United Kingdom
Quantity.
2.375 packages
225 packiigee ,
213 packages <
405 packages .*.
212 packages .^ .'.
273 packages
55 packages
360 packages ,
105 packages
774 packages..
649 packages ., ,
803 packages ,
81 packages
37 packages
1,010 packages ,
467 packages
2,670 packages
76 tons 200 cwts
78 packages ,
6 tons 6 cwts. 2 quarters 18 pounds..
167 packages
■JSi
7.6781 gallons.,
48 packages
640.000
1,341 tons
8,162 tons..
4,018 tons
3,441 hogsheads, 8,869^ dozen
1 package ,
6 cwts. 2 quarters 74 pounds.
1,058 packages
* Total a^ rate of 5 per cent, ad valorem.
Value en-
tered.
$?,975.93
21,908.98
21,639.08
38,932.00
4,146.25
4,666.97
1,497.88
2,267.80
6,598.97
6,401.81
5,556.15
9,679.47
2,584.11
13,996.05
5,552.68
1,834.66
21,797.06
3,421.15
"8,665,27
3,372.48
32.537.61
9, 465. 38
20,288.44
1,435.61
6,959,10
3,158.80
77,158.35
73.00
973.30
12,477.70
349,818.62
Amount oi
duties.
•$11,364.74
7.470.78
Free.
1,657.28
Free.
Free.
Free.
i8,862.04
Free.
28.30
614.80
29,395.94
102
COMMEUCIAL RELATIONS.
Imports at Bermuda far the pear ending December 31, 1887 — Contiiiued.
Description.
From British North America :
Butter
Pish, preserved
Horses
Lumber.
Leather, manufaotured....
Matches^
Oato^
Onion-l>ox material
Potatoes.
Sundry other articles
Cifrars
Coal
Fruit, fresh
Oln
Malt liquors.
Sculpture
Tobacco
Vei^etablea
Whisky
Wine
Oxen and oows
Quantity.
2tons8ewts \
2,321 packages...
38
70 packs^ea
2119 packages ,
24,78-3 bushels....
37 .2^ packages.
10,369 barrels....
100
100 tons
21 packages.
130 gallons ^
7i hogsheads
6 packages
1 ton 15 cwts. 1 quarter 14 pounds ,
2-18 packages ^
547t gnlloim
lU packages
11
Total Arom British N^orth America
From the United States :
Bran :
Bread
Butter
Carriages
Cheese
Oom. MM
^ry goods
Drugs
Fertilizers.
Furniture
Fish, preserved... ,
Flour ,
Fruit, canned ,
Glassware
Groceries
Hay ,
Hardware
Jewelry and plftt<^d-w>\rc.
I>eather manufactures
Lumber
Meat
OaU M
Oil, kerosene
Potatoes
Provisions ,
Sheep ,
Soap and starch
Sugar
Ship chandlery
Seeds ,.,.
Tea
Wooden-ware :.'.::. ^..
Sundry other articles ...5::.
Books ,
Coal
Cigars
Cordials
Fruit, fresh ,
Ice
Malt liquors
Oxen and cows
Plants ,
Tobacco
Vegetables
Whisky
Wine-
Beef In quarters *
Rum
49, 845 bushels
1,678 packages.
54 tons a cwts. 1 quarter 27 pounds..,
49 ja
31 tons 6 cwts. 3 quarters 15 pounds.
25.106 butihels
684 packages ^ '.
931 packages
6,618 barrels
1,178 i>ackagea
1,434 packages
17,097 barrels
2.448 packages
623 iMLcknges
7,614 packages
8,609 packages
2,538 packages
92 packages
702 packages ,
Value en-
tared.
8,621 barrels
37,770 bushels
116,021 gallons
8,887 barrels
225 tons 12 owta. 1 quarter 24 pounds.
1,8.»
2,.^34 packages
180 tons 15 cwts. 2 quarters 15 pounds
1,419 packages
99 packages ,
15 tons 19 cwts. 27 pounds
i,134 packages
71 packages :
1,511 tons
403,000 M
20 gallons
2,7.'il packages
1,541 tons.
HOhhds., 1,.S80 dozens
1,5M
19 packages
18 tons 13 cwts. 2 quarters 1 pound....
1,289 packages
810 gallons
7 packages
120
86 gallons
Total from the United States
* Total at rate of 5 per cent, ad valorem.
1992.
6.685.
8,576.
1,440.
2,566,
598.
7,260.
1,T90.
11,466.
e,259.
9.
258.
68.
92.
146.
131.
841.
233.
365.
874.
384.
7»
40
84
48
44
00
80
87
00
04
70
11
63
46
00
66
90
99
00
72
45
44,426.27
Amouniol
duties.
•12,077.25
Free.
Free.
LSI
Free.
196.00
36.411
158.48
532.88
74.96
10.70
90,017.96
99,9n.27
6,684.07
40,250.82
7,942.13
8.925.16
13,674.86
45,467.71
13,324.47
8,822.96
9,708.67
5,844.66
%2U.76
iTrao.w
4,881.10
75,210,75
8.258.45
1,942.47
7,130.42
26,712.21
13,407.21
9, 144. 15
13,416.94
10,302.88
6,674.64
48,066.43
12,769.70
7.187.88
17.844.21
4,966.88
6,791.13
11,382.74
6,287.53
127,268.76
924.63
6,620.80
6,847.75
77.86
7,703.67
1,480.74
4,029.46
120,270.68
777.39
G. 409. 18
3,698.54
1,411.28
63.26
1.455.84
88.98
850,217.01
•34,408.87
Free.
Free.
980.60
19.47
Free.
Free.
1,017.10
1.641.70
Free.
1,229.08
Free.
788.27
18.65
29.20
88.46
88,768.30
6ftlf ISH WEST INDIES — BERMUDA.
103
ImportB ai Bermuda f&r the year ending December 31, 1887 — Gontinaed.
Deocription.
Ftom BarbadcMs:
MolaflflM .....^
Sugnr »...
Sundry other articles..-
CiffATS ^
Fruit, ft-eah
Plants.
Rum
Vegetables
Total from Barbadoes
From Turk's Island :
Donkeys
Sundry other arti<deB«...
Total ttom Turk's Island
From Demerara:
Bay water
Charcoal ^
Drugs
Molasses
Sugar ^
Sundry other articles...
Cigars ,
Fruit, fresh »
Rum
Wine.
Total from Demerara..
From Tobago :
Sugar....
Sundry other arttcles
^ Total from Tobago.
From Germany : •
Amber Jewelry ,
Dry goods.
Sundry other articles...
Cigars
Tobacco
Wine *..
Quantities.
10,656 gallons
861 tons 6 cwts, 8 quarters 4 pounds.
8,000 ......,.,.
876 packages.,
4 packages....,
54 gallons
129 packages.,
25
9 packages
^80 packages.
85 packages
1225 gallons
96 tons 5 cwts. 1 quarter 6 pounds.
2,000
9 packages
80,993 gallons...
10 packages....
79,982 pounds
8 packages...
1 package ....
Total from Qermany.
129,200
1 quarter 2 pounds..
1 package
Value en-
tered.
91,021.96
18,687.86
1,688.68
68.13
800.12
4.87
19.47
126.53
21,977.12
340.65
380.82
671.67
204.39
559.64
374.72
287.12
6,024,72
226.08
19.47
63.26
9,431.28
150.86
17,441.54
1,299.35
77.87
4
1,377.22
997.68
316.32
277.39
1,644.87
77.86
9.73
3,323.80
Amount of
duties.
}
*|l,064.rO
19.47
Free.
Free.
62.55
Free.
1,130.92
33.58
*228.88
4.86
Free.
29,678.84
35.43
30,008.01
63.86
}
79.67
816.32
1.20
1.94
399.13
* Total, at rate of 5 per cent, ad valorem.
Exportafirom Bermuda for the year ending December 31, 1887.
Description.
To the United Kingdom :
Arrowroot
Bones
Hides
Metal, old
Skins.
Tallow - ..
Suudry other articles..
Total to thM United Kingdom.
To British North America:
Oil, kerosene
• Onions
Potatoes. ..» ,
Tomatoes
Sundry other articles ,
Total to British North America:
To the United States :
Arrowroot
Beets
Carriages
Empty hogsheads..
Flowers, cuC...
Flour
Quantities.
6 tons 19 quarters 8 pounds
31 packages
246 packages...
34 packages
1,710 packages
208paokages. ,
200 barrels..,
1,468 boxes..
18 barrels....
224 boxes....
11 cwts. 8 pounds.
3,444 orates
7 «
605
1,228 packages.
306 barrels.
Hides andskins. > 1,280 packages.
Value.
$3,752.07
452.58
1,099.83
442.85
416.08
452.58
4,600.12
11,190.11
827.30
1,656.{W
56.93
83.94
379. 44
3,004.16
598.58
8,510.29
1,313.95
2, 822. 57
2,117.00
1.484.33
2,189.98
104
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Exports from Bermuda for the year ending December 31, 1887 — ContiiiQed.
Description.
To the United Statea— Continued.
- ' Horses
Lily bulbs
Metal, old~
Onions.
Potatoes..
Spirits
Ship chandlery
Tomatoes...,
Sundry other articles
Total to the United SUtes.
ToBaibadoes:
Buildinfl^ stone
Barrels, empty.
Hoffsheads, empty. .
Onions.
Potatoes..
Total to Barbadoes.
To Demerara:
Miscellaneous.
Oniona
Potatoes
Tea
Total to Demerara
To Trinidad:
Casks, empty
Quantities.
18.
607 pack agies*. ,
6 packages.
214,984 crates
28,485* barrels...
29 packages ,
97 packagres
77,075 boxes and 1,965 crates.
100 pieces...
181
42.
1,285 boxes.
267 barrels..,
8 packages
100 boxe.<«
239 barrels, 42 boxes.
21 lmir*cheals
500.
To the Bahamas :
Onions j 94 boxes
Rice 4 tons
Total to the Bahamas
To Martinique :
Hogsheads, empty
Puncheons, empty ,^ 4H
Potatoes 17 barrels.
Total to Martinique.
Value.
11,811.12
9,179.43
257.92
218.264.47
138,021.89
350.39
408.78
31,129.05
4,724.91
413, 184. 10
5.83
64.36
59. 84
891.78
1,027.91
2,019.71
7.29
4H.66
1,001.52
97.38
1,164.80
569.64
91.49
184.92
286.41
1,139.48
70.07
41.36
1, 250. 91
Navigation at Bermuda, 1887.
. •
Entered.
Cleared.
Steamers.
Sailing
vessels.
Total.
Steamers.
Sailing
vessels.
Total.
From or io—
Great Britain
No.
10
3
8
1
48
Tons.
10,730
2.739
10,801
],J34
63,033
No.
6
28
3
Tons.
2,066
4,086
1,921
No,
16
31
11
1
78
Tons.
12,796
6,325
12,725
1,134
62,967
No.
4
3
1
To%is.
3,965
2,6:^2
1,137
4
30
2
Tons.
1,418
5,068
608
No.
8
33
3
Tons.
5,383
British Possessions....
Spanish Possessions...
Italy
7,700
1,745
United States
30
9,934
62
70,825
34
3
1
14,885
850
275
96
8
1
1
85,710
Kreiich Pu&'iessions. ...
350
Oertnan PoBsessions...
Portuguese Poss'ns
70
68
• • ••«•••« •••
"l"
i"22"
i"
138
110
3
17
122*
"*i"
71
67
**1,'276"
275
1.276
74
Total
78,410
68
42
3
15
18,129
96,569
79,835
22,604
145
102,439
Flag-
British
78,&38
9,171
903
1,308
817
800
506
93
5,031
87,499
903
1,308
317
800
506
93
5,143
78,627
61
3
3
18,846
1,155
2,180
118
3
3
92,473
Norwcflrian
1,155
German
2.130
Russian
Swedish
Austrian »
1
1
14
1
506
93
8,893
981
1
1
18
1
506
Portuguese
93
American...
2
112
4
1,208
6,101
Italian
981
70
68
Total,
78,440
18,129
138
96,569
71
79,835
74
22,604
146
102,439
BRITISH WEST INDIES — ANGUILLA, ANTIGUA. 105
ANGUILLA.
Declared wdue of exporU from the consular agency of AnguiUa to the United States during
the four quarters of the year ended September 30, 1888.
Quarter ending—
' I>eoeiuber31,1887..
March 81, 1888
Jane SO. 1888 ,
Beptember 80, 18»8.
Total.
Salt
(solar).
11,431.10
317.50
432.07
•2,180.67
* Inoreaae over the year ended September 30, 1887, of $1, 8<K). 17.
Waobv Rky,
Consular Agent.
Unitsd States Coksulab Aqekcy,
AnguUla, September 30, 1888.
ANTIGHJA.
REPORT BY CONSUL JACKSON FOR 1888.
On aoconnt of this consular district being confined almost entirely to the prodnction of
one article, t. e., muscovado sugar, but little variety can be instituted in a report, and
what had best be offered can be offered in a few words.
Owing to an increased output of sugar for the calendar year 1888-^mething over
1,000 hogsheads — and a better price obtained for the article, the exports of the island
reached the sum of $955,014.90, an increase of $225,233.36 over the preceding year.
This increase in turn stimulated imports and we have to note an advantage of $60,305.96
in favor of 1888.
SUaAB EXPOBT TO THE UNITED STATES.
Each year denotes a greater percentage of the crop exported to the United States.
Fally seven-eighths of the crop of 1888 found a market there, while the prospect for 1889
denotes that the entire crop will take that channel.
The system of sugar packages is rapidly changing from hogsheads and tierces to that
of shipping in bags, the latter having increased in three years from a few hundred to over
forty thousand for the past year. These bags are manufactured in England and are sent
out with the estate marks upon them; and while they are loss convenient for handling
purposes they are cheaper than hogsheads and find better stowage in a vessel's hold.
They are intended to hold 250 pounds.
PROFITS IK SUGAR RAISING.
Only a few Antigua estates failed to make money last year, and for the best of reasons,
i. e.y heavy debt, distant location, light rain-fall, and indifferent machinery. A good
many brought a nice sum in compensation to the owners, who were made grateful afLer
the seyere depression of the past five years.
NAVIGATION.
The arrivals of United States vessels amounted to thirty-two, an increase of two only
over the year preceding. The number of foreign steamers calling remains about the
same from year to year; 147 — all English — entered for the past year.
Chester £. Jackson,
Consul,
Unused States Consulate,
Antigua, April 8, 1889. u
106
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Jmparta at Aniigitafor the year ending December 31, 1888.
Description.
rtWn CLAflS— SPBCIFIC DUTUn.
Ale and beer ........^ tone.
Ale and beer, bottled^ dosens.
Breiul and Msouita pounds...
lieef. « do
Butter „ .do
Bricks and tiles thousand...
Cattle head...
Candles:
Tallow pounds...
Other do....
Corn bushels.
Coffee and coooa. pounds...
Cheese.
.do...
<%ftl tons...
CiKHrs :. pounds...
FiHh:
Dried
.quintals...
Pickled barrels...
Flour, wheat do.
Fruits, dried and preserTed,
pounds.
Hams, iMumn, and tongue8..poand8..
I^rd do
Meal, com barrels...
Mules head...
«Oil-ineal ....pounds...
Paffkt imperial gainhs...
Kerosene do
Onts Imperial bushels...
Peas and beans do
Pork ......pounds...
Potiitoea (Irish).. barrels...
Rice pounds...
Quantity.
2,0fl2
882,144
84,962
70»(J72
88,400
10,169
7,517
42,738
21,033
26,777
1.2181
1441
12,2041
2,187
18,899
»
10,842
18,826
49,876
9,694
87
600,461
6.872^
89,300
668
1,203
455,800
7Wi
736,068
Value en-
tered.
1584.96
4,309.26
12,691.34
4,382.58
11,827.26
1,164.96
1,008.00
1,726.40
743.10
27,017,60
8,417.02
8,643.58
6,418.60
281.12
47,886.42
7,565.36
83,242.38
1.000.22
2,694.16
8,949.02
29,383.38
9,842.52
8,140.02
8,437.88
6,489.72
828.00
1,745.44
87,673.12
1,616.06
12,626.70
Amount of
duties.
886.60
461. 70i
1,941.55^
951. 3U
1,467.06
99.4&i
28.124
380.924
512.40
2,855.26
410.24
689.46
686.68
44.69
2,606.16i
992.39
23,917.96^
487.89^
415.47
1,070.904
4,849.20
469.80
1,024.12
717.65
2,652.754
42.40
76.35
4,867.874
301.114
8^991.12
Countries whence imported.
Brit-
British
United
British
Briliab
United Kini^dom and
tsii Weet Indies.
United Kingdom,
. West Indies, and
States.
Do.
Do.
United KinKdom,
North America,
and Dutch West Indies.
United Kindom and Dutcdi
West Indies.
Dutch West Indiep.
United States.
United Kingdom..
United States and British
and Dutch West Indies.
United Kingdom, United
States.British and French
West Indies.
United Kingdom, British
North America. Dutch
West Indies, and United
States.
United Kingdom.
United Kingdom, United
States, British and Dutob^
West Indies.
United Kingdom, British
North America, British
and French West Indies,
and United %Statei«.
United States, British North
America, and British
West India Islands.
United Sutesii, British and
French West India Isl-
ands.
United Kingdom, British
North America, British
West India Islands, and
United States.
United Kingdom, British
and Dutch West India
Islands, and United
States.
United Kingdom and
United SUtes.
United* Kingdom, United
States, and West India
Islands.
British West India Islands
and the United States.
United Kingdom, British
West India Islands, and
United States.
United Kingdom, United
suites, British and
French West India Isl-
ands.
United Kingdom, United
States, and British West
India Islands.
Do.
Do.
United States and British
West India Islands.
United Kingdom, United
States, British North
America, and British,
Dutch, and French Weal
India Islsnda.
United Kingdom and Brit-
ish West hidia IslaSbda.
BRITISH WEST INDIES — AKTiGUi.. 107
Imports of Antigua for the year ending December 31, 1888- Continued.
I>escription.
SplritB :
Uum ............imperial gallons.
Brandy ....do.
Whisky do.
Quantity.
Gin
.do.
Alcohol do ...
Sweetened liquenn do....
Sugar, refined pounds.
Soap
.do.
Tallow do.
Teo do.
Tobacco :
I.45af...
.do.
Manufactured do.
Wood:
W hite pine and spruce lumber,
feel.
Pitch pine and spruce lumber,
feet
Cyprrsbjknd wallaba shingles,
number.
Cedar and pine shingles, num-
ber.
Woud hoops Mnuaiber...
Staves do
Shooks:
No heads. bundles...
With heads do.
BBOOKD OUL88, DITTT AD VALOREM.
Aerated waters..
Boots and shoes.
Carriages and carts ,
Cottons, woolens, and linens..
89,223.9
498
4,076
2,041
2
17f
19,332
1C9, 115
12,433
6,878
66,692
1,096
1,686,877
158,908
618,850
1,314,600
419,640
31,177
19,199
1,002
Drugs and chemicals...
Estates, stores
Empty and other packages
Earthen and glassware.
Fancy goods, toys, etc.
Furniture...
Groceries...
Valtie en-
tered.
$8,684.66
869.08
6,629.40
1,451.92
9.24
42.96
946.46
7,119,10
877.84
1,707.60
6,663.32
476.56
23,535.66
892.00
1,780.70
2,718.20
5,234.24
697.38
18,568.66
1,682.44
2,907.44
17.366.44
2,377.16
88, 220. 18
5,127.32
4,548.06
8,748.30
5,613.24
6,054.92
3,297.66
8,674.26
A mount of
duties.
$22,657.88
657. OOi
8,259.31
2,789.241
. 55.88i
32. 28^
434.97
1,668.91
288.07
632.34
6,804.63
123. m
2,845,56^
346.29
680. 06i
737.20
566.501
52. 61
2,591.86^
180.86
195.26
1,158.12
160. 45i
5,994.36
846.09
306. Hi
681. m
371.89
341. 22i
222.89
691. 06i
Countries whence imported.
British and Dutch West
India Islands.
United Kingdom.
United Kingdom and Brit*
iah West India Islands.
Unite<1 Kingdom, and Brit*
ish and Dutch West India
Islands.
United Kingdom and
Dutch West India Islands.
British, Danish, and Dutch
West India Islands.
United Kingdom, United
States, and British West
India Islands.
United Kingdom, United
States, British and French
West India Islands.
United Kingdom.
United Kingdom, United
States, and British West
India Islands.
United States and British
West India Islands.
United Kingdom, United
States, British and Dan-
ish West India Islands.
British North America and
United States.
United States.
United States and British
West India Islands.
British, United States, and
Briti.sh North America.
United Kingdom.
United States.
United States.British North
America, and British
West India Islands.
United Kingdom, British
North America, and
United States.
United Kingdom and Brit-
ish and French West In-
dia Islands.
United Kingdom. United
States, and British West
India Islands.
Do.
United Kingdom, United
SUtes. British North
America, and British
West India Islands.
United Kingdom, United
States, British and Dan-
ish West India iMIfidn.
United Kingdom, United
States, and British West
India Islands.
United Kingdom, United
States. British, French,
and Dutch West India
Islands
United Kingdom, United
States. British, Danish,
and French West India
Islands.
United Kiif^om, United
States. Biitish, and Dan-
ish West India Islands.
Do.
United Kingdom, United
States, British North
America, British, French,
and Danish West India
Islands.
108
COMMERCIAL BELATI0N8.
Imports at Antigua for the year ending December 31, 1888 — CoDtinned.
DesoripUon.
Hardware
Qoantity.
Haberdashary.
Jewelry, slWer and plate.
Leather and saddlery ......
Matches
Mats, hats, brooms, and baskets.
Musical instruments..
Naval stores.
Faints and varnish.
PerAimery..
Stationery and wrapping-paper.
Wine,
THIBD CLASS, DUTY FBBK.
Books and printed matter..
Machinery for manufacture of
sugar.
Manure ,
Imports by navy
Imports by go%'ernment.
Live-stock, goats, sheep, pigs, eto^...
Fruits and vegetables
Sundries....,
Total
•• ••aeeaa •• e ♦••••#
Value en-
tered.
Amount of
duties.
Countries whence imported.
125,806.62
11,099.63
United Kingdom, United
States, Biltiah North
America, and British
West India Ishknda.
57,888.02
8,907.06^
United Kingdom. United
States, British and Dan-
ish West India Islands.
1,625.66
109. 72i
Do.
6,880.20
480.66
United Kingdom, United
States, an<r British West
India Islands.
2,776.04
144.831
United States.
628.94
85.71
United Kingdom, United
States, and French West
India Islands.
2,024.54
136.644
United Kingdom. United
States, and British Wesi
India Islands.
5,814.68
363. 77i
United Kingdom, United
States, British North
America,and British West
India Islands.
2,989.80
185.091
United Kingdom. United
States, and British West
India Islands.
2,448.06
171.66
United Kingdom, United
States. British, Dutch.
Danish, and French West
•
India Islands.
4,856.42
327.501
United Kingdom, United
States, and British West
India Islands.
.
2,663.82
741.54
United Kingdom. United
States,Britishand French
Westlndia Islands.
•
2,499.74
Free
United Kinirdom and
United States.
10,912.80
.....do .........
United Kingdom.
21,468.80
.....do «.
United Kingdom and West
India Islands.
1,457.06
do ,m
United Kingdom.
15,885.28
.....do .M
United Kingdom, United
States, and British West
India Islands.
1,836.00
.....do .M......
British West India Islands.
2,855.06
....^O .M
United States and British
and French West India
Islands.
9,080.66
44.56
797,403.62
124,935.06
■
ExporUfrom Antigua for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Description.
Quantity.
Value, in-
cluding costs
and charges.
Countries whither exported.
191
91,787.36
1,892.06
1,435.20
136,816.00
2,084.96
511.245.00]
82,039.201
16,713.f6f
212,239.161
89,262.18
British and French West Indies.
Hides and skins.....
United States, British West Indies, and British
Horses number...
84
8,551
928
11,861
1,271
2,902
40,197
North America.
British and French West Indies.
Molasses puncheons ..
Pine-apples barrels...
Sugar hogsheads ..
Do tierces...
Do barrels...
Do. bags...
Sundries exuorted in bond
United Kingdom, United States, French,
Dutch, and British West Indies.
United Kingdom, United States, Brttish North
America, and British West Indies.
United KiuRdom, United States, British North
America, British and Dutch West Indies.
United Kingdom, United States. British North
and otherwise.
America, and West Indies.
Total .....
955,014.90
BRITISH WEST INDIES — ^ANTIGUA.
109
Imparts and eaeporta between Antii'ua and the Dhited States for the year 1888.
Articles.
FIRST CUL8S, DUTV 8PBOXFIO.
Beer .'.-«•. .' dozen bottles.
Bread and biaoults ^ pounds.
Beef. « do...
Butter do
Ctundlee, tallow r. do
Corn , 4>u8hel8...
Coffee and oocoA pounds...
Cheese do
Cfgon do
Fuih :
Dried quintals...
Pic'iled barrels...
Flour, wheat do
Fniits, dried and preserved pounds...
Hams, bacon^and tongues do
Hides and skins
Kerosene, American imported grallons...
Lord pounds...
Meal .barrels...
Molaases.^ puncheons...
Moles... head...
Oil-meal pounds...
Oils, insported gallons...
Oats bushels...
Pease and bcsans.. do
Pork .pounds...
Potatoes ^ .barrels..
Sugar:
Refined pounds...
Muscovado and other.. ..^ do
;...do
Imports.
Amount.
Soap
.do.
Staves ^ -
Shooks:
No heads ., ^ ^^ bundles..
With heads do
Tea ^ .........do
Tobaooo:
Leaf. : do
Manufactured do
Wood:
White-pine and spruce lumber feet..
Pitch-pine lumber do
Shingles, cypress number..
Shingles, cedar and pine do
8B0OHD CLASS, DUTY AD VALOREM.
114
868,746
82,160
55,888
19,160
41,854
13.825
25,110
22
1,400
245
17,835
356
10,701
86,000
49,480
9,062
75
444,552
26
460
982
452,800
865
12,150
12,087
81,177
16,956
600
131
60,55»
1.079
636,741
153,908
325,850
375.000
Value.
Exports.
Amount.
«215.80
11,789.42
4,247.24
6,572.68
1,725.40
26,051.68
2,174.62
3, 440. 16
63.88
5,
1,
78,
288.68
499.54
326.92
42.06
314.76
4,
8,
27,
988.36
899.64
037.56
8,
7.
1.
37.
642.52
091.92
2.3.80
185.72
366.68
808.12
836.84
631.44
Boots and shoes
Oarrioges and carts
Cottons and woolens
Drags and chemicals
Bstaties stores
Empty and other packages
BarUien and glass ware
Fancy goods and toys
Furniture
Groceries and confections ,
Hardware
Haberdashery and millinery
Jewelry, silver, and plate
Leader and saddlery
Matebes
Mats, hats, brooms, and baskets.
Musical instruments
Naval stores ,
Paints and varnish .......:
Perfumery
Stationery and wrapping-paper..
Wine-
THIRD CLASS, DUTY FRSB.
Books
Imports by the Government
Fruit and vegetables..
Bondxies
Total
505.54
597.38
16,909.86
1,140.00
30.80
6,084.94
460.60
11,115.52
892.00
976.20
731.06
134.28
555.24
655.06
177.76
242.52
891.20
504.46
506.62
759.32
1,321.64
1,386.04
191.76
44.62
74.40
2,775.04
22.20
25.14
1,188.76
32.92
1,013.96
1,274.76
251.56
56.78
1,892.84
' 272.64
575.80
291,471.68
Value.
392
81,224,421
1888.38
5,786.86
711,086.57
717,761.81
110
COUMBRCIAL BELATIONS.
k
KavigoHon at the port of ArUigvMfor the year ending December 31, 1888L
Flsff.
British
United States
Various
From or to—
British North Amerioa ,
British IVest Indies
French West Indies
Other ports
United Kingdom
Rntish West Indies
Oilier ports „
United States ^...
Various ports.....
Total.
Entered.
Steamers.
No.
2
133
«
1
5
147
Tons.
2,068
144.114
6,786
.166
4,835
Sailing
sels.
No.
12
272
17
6
2
16
16
22
157.174
368
Tout.
1,744
11,760
1,643
896
872
4,806
1.382
1.268
26.071
Cleared.
No.
186
10
1
•••••«••
147
Ibfts.
146,828
9,864
987
167,174
SaUinsvi
sola.
No.
S3
238
16
20
4
6
5
19
22
868
TonM.
4,487
4,712
«4
0,727
1,177
1.615
0,818
1,268
20,860
DOMIJSTCA.
Declared wdue of exports from the consular agency of Dominica to the United 'States during
the four qucarters of the year ending September 30, 1888.
Article
Bay leaves
Cocoa.
Fruit
Lime jaloe, concentrated.
Limes, pickled
8ogar, muscovado^
Total
Total in preceding year
Increase...
Decrease ..
Quarter ending—
Dee. 31.
1887.
81,694.00
14.00
3,835.00
12,280.00
24.00
746.00
18,493.00
11,760.00
6,733.00
March 81,
1888.
•2,723.00
794.00
14.00
8,330.00
11,861.00
5,639.00
6,222.00
June 80.
1888.
81,153.00
X......
639.00
4.00
59,839.00
61,635.00
75,648.00
14,013.00
Sept. 80;
1888.
12,454.00
676.00
11,026.00
18,248.00
32,804.00
66,977.00
23.678.00
Total for
theyc
f7. 924.00
14.00
4.41L00
24.739.00
42.00
87. 163. 00
124,2%<.uu
149.024.00
24.73L00
United States Consular Agency,
Dominica, September 30, 188a
Wm. Stedm'an,
Consular Agent
PORTSMOUTH, W. I.
Declared value of exports from iM consular agency of Portsmouth to the United States during
the four quarters of the year ended September 30, 1888.
Quarter ending-
March 81, 1888 .
June 80. 1888....
Total
Muscovado
sugar.
842.88
United States Consular Agency,
Portsmouth, September 30, 1888^
A. D. RiVIEBE,
QanwHwr Agent.
BEITISH WEST INDIES — NEVIS, M0NT8EERAT.
Ill
NEVIS.
Declared value of exports from the eoruular agency of Neoie to the United States duHng the four
quarters of the year ended September 30, 1888.
Quarter ending — i
I>ecember 81, 1887.
March 81. 1888
June 30, 1888.'
Beptember 30, 1888
Total..
Sugar (mu»*
oovado).
91,458.22
56,028.98
90,168.46
84.475.60
182,131.26
Chables W. Simmonds,
Consular Agent.
United States Consular Agency,
Nevis, September 30, 188a
MONTSERBAT.
Declared value of exports from the consular' agency of Montserral to the United Stales during
the four quarters of the year ending September 30, 1888.
Artiolea.
Quarter
ending-
^Total.
Deo. 81, 1887.
Mar. 31, 1888.
June 30, 1888.
Sept. 30, 1888.
Hides «
9117.60
9114.40
340.00
386.00
9232.00
Limes. ffreexi.«. .-...
9344.60
684.50
T<im«w. Diflkled
9256.60
103.76
8,242.60
15.972.69
642.60
IVfolaMMM-
279.06
557.28
940.10
PhonDliate rock
8,242.50
Bmrar r.r , .,..r,.„.
84,116 27
16,072.60
66,161.46
*'""w^"* •••••••••••••*•••••••••• •••••••••••••••
Total .*.
396.66
8,900.30
19,575.85
24,035.91
84,966.67
44,433.20
16,074.38
29,482.60
71,908.06
PrecedinflT year
105.802.01
Dficrfstunfi
8,503.64
4,460.56
9,476.53
11,468.22
33,898.95
-
Bic
HABD Han
Oensu
NAM,
lar Agent,
United States Consular Agency,
Moniserrat, September 30, 1888L
112
COHMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
TBINTDAD.
REPORT BY CONSUL BAWYER,
SANITABT CONDITIONS.
The aanitory condition of this colony has been very nnsfttUfactoiy daring the greater
part of 1868.
In Febraary the dysentery appeared in the vicinity of the reserroini at "HaraTal,"
the source of the river that supplies the capital with water.
Professor McOuthy, Government analyst, early made microscopical examinations and
fonnd the water to be much impregnated with decayed organic v^^table and animal
matteri which during the following two months so injnriou^y affected the air that the
disease appeared in many parts of the island. By the Ist of July it had as^med six
distinct forms that were often attended with high fever that in many cases baffled med-
ical skill and spared neither age, sex, nor condition.
Many people left the island, others used the precaution of filtering the water, and the
Government and physicians made a free use of disinfectants. At that time a feeling of
unusual solemnity prevailed throughout the island, as funeral processions were numer-
ous and the bells of cathedrals, churches, and chapels often tolled out of respect to the
departed. The dead are not permitted to remain unburied long here because of hasty
decopiposition in this climate.
Generally the burial takes place in about twelve hours after dissolution; bnt in cases
of death by contagious disease the burial would take place immediately. A dimaie that
so early decomposes the dead must also be very oppressive and enervating to the living.
There are long intervals between the epidemics; cholera in 1854, dysentery epidemic
in 1869, small pox in 1871-'72, yellow fever in 1881, dysentery in:^1888; but dysentery,
remittent, and intermittent fevers are endemic in Trinidad, occasionally appearing during
the intervals of epidemics, but in a mild form. Persons complaining with weakness in
any one of the principal organs, as heart, liver, Inugs, throat, etc, I notice, soon pass
away, whereas bad they lived in a cool climate farther from the equator they would
most likely have lived many yeais.
The humidity of this atmosphere, combined with excessive heat, naturally intensifies
the cause of all diseases that are produced in a tropical dime. The sudden change of
20° in the temperature in a few hours must be a trial to throat and lungs inclined to
weakness, and the many exposures to draughts because of the peculiar construction
of houses in a hot climate often bring on neuralgia; but with persons of a sound physical
organism and who are prudent in eating and drinking Trinidad is tolerably hcNilthy ex-
cepting during the epidemics.
THE JUDICATUBB.
The principal officers of the Trinidad courts are:
Title.
Cliief-justice
First puisne judi^e
Second puisne judge
Attorney-General
Solicitor-general
Marshal
Registrar of the supremo court and registrar
in bankruptcy.
Stipendiary magistrates of districts, viz :
Port of Spain
St. George (East)
Victoria County and Sanfernando
Caroni
St. Patrick, eto
Cedros....
Aroma, eto
Mayaro
Toco
Salary.
£1.800
1,000
1,000
1,000
200
700
550
750
eoo
600
eoo
eoo
400
400
200
200
Date.
Jan. 29,1886
Deo. 7,1887
Nov. 18. 1887
May 7,1886
June 27. 1888
May 1,1878
Sept. 24,1887
Sept.
Mar.
June
July
June
Nov.
Jan.
Sept.
Jan.
24,1887
7,1882
1,1882
27,1885
—,1869
11,1889
14, 1874
3,1887
5.1888
Appointments
By letters patent under warrant
from the Crown.
Do.
Do.
Do.
The governor.
Do.
Do.
Secretary of state, by dispatch.
The governor.
Secretary of state, by dispatch.
The governor.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
BRITISH WEST INDIES — ^TRINIDAD.
113
Sugar product 0/ 1888. —The total crop of 1888 amounted to 56,683 tons, Tiz: 21,685
hoKsheads, 7,505 tierces, 4/668 barrels, and 314,510 bags.
The molasses on tpnt amonnted to 17,535 puncheons, 2,377 tierces, 821 barrels; total,
1,948,569 gallons.
Froducti^ns exported^ 1888.
Asphalt ^ .tons!.. 62,027
Bitten ., gallons... 42,830
OoooanutB number... 12,866,592
€k>flee (ao baKB) , pounda... 4,480
Coooa (123,947 bags and 6 barrels) do 21,852,812
Rum (1,027 punoheons, 12 tierces) gallons... -07,974
Jievenue and expenditure, 188a —Revenue: Equal to $2, 306, 508. 68. Expenditure: Equal
to $2, 224, 060. 60. Beyenue derived from Pitch Lake £17, 188=182, 502. 40.
Shipping, — Total number and tonnage of American vessels that deposited their regis-
ters, etc., at the United States consulate during 1888, were 90 vessels of 35.391 tons.
Total number and tonnage of sailing vessels of all nations entered and cleared during
1888: Entered, 1,963 vessels of 496,509 tons; cleared, 1,966 vessels of 138,800 tons.
Total number and tonnage of steam- vessels of all nations entered and cleared during
1888: Entered, 441 of 496,500 tons; cleared, 441 of 498,331 tons.
American seamen, 1888. — Arrived, 773; departed, 784; deserted, 17; shipped, 42; dis-
charged 13.
Jbtal paiue, in sterling ^ of the imports and exports of the colony of Trinidadyfrom and to each
country, in the year 1888.
Conntrlea.
United Kingdom. m
British Ck>lonie8:
British East Indies
British North America
British Qoiana
British West Indies
Total
Foreign countries :
France...
Germany..
Spain, inclading Spanish colonies not in
Wesi Indies
Portugal, including all Portuguese col-
onies .^
• Italy
Holland
Denmark..
Norway
United states.
Danish West Indies
French W^t Indies
Spanish West Indies
Dutch West Indies..
Venesuela ,
All other countries of Asia
All other countries of South America
Total
SUMMABT.
United Kingdom
British colonies
Foreign countries
Grand lotaL.....
10611 0 E — Is
Total
imports
there-
from.
£794,427
81,963
60,469
9,832
60,293
212,547
£108,723
81,230
16,SG0
6,640
50
1,660
66
18
835
849,863
1,961
995
5,519
836
416»167
174
1,540
' Exports theretow
Produce
and manU'
factures of
the colony.
£691,856
14,975
2,760
6,420
24,155
£205,107
26,026
50
8,507
260
1,202
691,940
385
6,800
1,190
25
1,804
8,817
936,815
794,427
212,547
936,815
1,943,789
841,699
British, for-
eign, and
other colon-
ial produce
and manu-
factures.
£169,778
165
8,320
27,698
36,188
£29,098
5,817
10,807
9
98
76,572
331
8,047
Total.
£861,634
15,140
11,080
34,118
60,338
£234,200
31,843
10,857
8,606
250
1.300
207
243.086
623
869,090
691,856
24,156
8a,6g9
169,778
86,183
869,090
1,657,710
575,051
668,518
616
9,817
1,190
232
244,890
3,940
1,210,780
861,634
60, .338
1.210,789
2,132,761
114
COMMERCIAL SELATION&
Declared value of exporU Jram the consular district of Trinidad and Tbfto^o, to the United
8taU$ during the four quartere of the year ended June 30, 1888.
ArtiolM,
■
Quarter endinir—
TotaL
Sept. 80, 1888.
1)00.81,1888.
Mar. 81, 1889.
June 80, 1889.
AsDhftltk
134,977.20
11,681.24
$15,079.86
22,016.40
166,624.87
19.997.79
935,907.16
19,714.88
3i^.l0
173,320.35
100.80
$142,588.58
Hitlers
Kaiiiiiuui
78.310.31
89a. 10
Ck>c(M ..«■«
88,697.62
848.87
86.60
108.98
183,821.96
928.00
94.12
178,871.17
2,427.56
619.171.00
Co<KMinuto ^
3,795.22
130.63
Clfram ^
OoiTee »..
103.98
1,280.47
1,280.47
516.27
Cotton (diiok returned)....
516.27
209.41
Deer skina.M......
196.25
406.66
14.19
80. !M)
304.98
14.19
Hardware
103.60
184.00
Hides.
804.98
93.60
98. or
Livrd
541.22
123,767.89
909.50
2,252,945.25
189.00
541.22
Molames..
6,685.90
16.90
929,961.27
26,494.28
16,457.72
162.50
270,888.44
456.01
172,405.79
Plants......^
1,088.90
Hugar.
43,774.18
90.00
25.90
1,701.60
489.75
3.497,549.09
Sundries...
665.01
SheexKsUns
25.90
TobflLOCo
1,284.77
820.50
2,986.37
Tonoa beaiM..
210.01
1,09). 29
xuiaiB ....«..*•••.••.•••«.•........
1,074,249.41
296,070.63
— r
639,479.65
2,608,724.86
4,518,524.56
United States Cokbulatb,
Tnnidad, June 30, 188a
Moses H. Sawyeb,
ConeuL
DANISH WEST INDIES.
ST. THOMAS.
REPORT OF CONSUL TURNER FOR THE YEAR 1888.
I made to the Department last year quite an extensive report apon this island and the
general decline in business, as evidenced by the greatly decreased revenues, superin-
duced as they are by the general increase in steam navigation, as sliown in said report.
It would be but a repetition of what I said then were I to go into particulars, but I
shall give generally the condition of the island, as shown by recent oMcial reports.
NAVIGATION.
The tonnage statistics for the year ended June 30, 1888, show an increase in both stenm
and sailing vessels touching at this port, the former being in a double ratio of increase
to the latter. \
There are five regular steam-ship lines whose vessels touch at this port, .viz: Ham-
burg American Packet Company, which had two steamers outcoming from Hamburg
and Havre each month and five homegoing during the same period, averaging 1,350 tons
each; Royal Mail, which has two intercolonial steamers each month from the central
station at fiarbadoes, where the Transatlantic from Southampton touches, averaging 1,300
tons; the Compagnie G^n^rale Transatlantiqne, with two steamers each month Irom
Havre and Marseilles and the same number thither during the same period, averaging
2,00Q tons; West India and Pacific from Liverpool, one steamer outcoming each month,
with a tonnage of 1,600; and the United States and Brazil line, American, from New
York, with two steamers each month, averaging 2,000 tons. All these lines touch at
this port on account of its facilities as a coaling station.
ST. THOMAS MERELY A COALING STATION.
St. Thomas was formerly the center of trade for all the West Indies, merchants from
the various other islands and even from the Pacific coast of Squth America coming here
to purchase merchandise from business bouses which acted as middle-men in supplying
the West Indian trade. It is no longer such an entrepot, for every place on each island
which ofiers any sort of a port where steamers may anchor and which presents any in-
duoementa in the way of freight is in direct steam communication with European ports,
and hence the merchants, whether doing a large or small basiness, throughout all these
islands can purchase directly from the European manufacturer, whereas years ago it
was all done with merchants at this place. One essential cause for the decline here is
the fact that the West Indies are now closer commercially with the United States than
formerly and all the business relations are direct, whereas in past years European c!ipital
invested in these islands tended naturally to draw the trade to Europe. Hence this
port is now a coaling station, but no longer a point of distribution, as formerly. It is
still a port of call where vessels in ballast from other points can secure charters for
freight for the various West Indian ports for Europe and America.
The facilities in this line of business are not siirpassed by any other place. In fact I
mighi say that St. Thomasis better than any other place in the West Indies, since it is
in tel^raphic communication with all the islands and has a harbor which is safe, com-
modious, and healthful.
There is probably the same amount of tonnage passing through this port as in the
most successful business years of the island's hi^he^ prosperity, but it is mostly steam
tonnage which uses this as a coaling station and discliar^^es but little cargo. The num-
ber and tonnage of Scandinavian vesels sincrease with each succeeding year. The
charges imposed upon vessels entering and clearing in ballast are one cent per registered
ton, light dues, flotage is not compulsory.
115
116
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
I
BEVBNUB DKPICrr.
Uiiti] within the past ten yeaie this iAmd haa always paid a handflome levenne to
the home Government, bat there is now an annual deficit of $40,000. which is dae to
military expenees and the civil list There is no prospect in the distant fotare that the
revenues will balance the expenditnres, unless it be that the completion of either the
Panama or Nicaragua canal may make this port become more important as a coaling
station and possibly advance other interests, but this, however, has no solid basis for
realization. The imports show a slight increase over the previous year.
IMPOST DUTY AND KXPOBTS.
The import duty is 2 per cent The exports do not exceed $100,000, mostly bay mm,
of which the greater part goes to the United States. There is no official statement oif
exports, so that Che above amount is conjectural, but approximately correct.
PUBLIC HEALTH.
«
The health of the island is excellent. In recent years a canal has been cut through a
strip of land connecting the body of the island with the hills forming the western shel-
ter to the harbor near the town, so that a continual flow from the sea towards the town
and through this canal takes off what would be otherwise stagnant water near the town.
The death rate during the quarter ended June 30, 1888, was about 29 to the thousand
for the year, which has been the annual death rate for several years past.
MOBTIMBB A. TUBNBB,
United States Consulate, OonsuL
8L Thomas, West Indies^ October 3, 1888.
Tonnage earing and clearing at the port of St. Thomas for the ffears ended June 30, 1887,
and June 30, 1888.
Flag.
American...
Rrill«h
French
German
Norwcf^lan.
Bwedish
Total.
Year ended June 90, 1887.
Entered.
Sleam.
63,981
13,307
80.351
97,200
1.531
256,870
Sail.
88,911
24,728
1,820
6,837
21,969
7,447
101,712
Cleared.
Steam.
63,961
13,307
80,351
97,200
1,531
256,370
Sail.
37.916
24,129
1.820
7,718
21,969
7,447
100,999
Tear ended June 80, 1888.
Entered.
Steam.
63,678
22.727
112.457
109.850
1.047
309,259
Sail.
88,044
83,484
5,164
11,879
84,898
9.625
122,029
Cleared.
Steam.
68,678
22.727
112,457
109,850
1.047
809,259
SaU.
38JW8
31.532
5,154
10,632
24.893
9,625
119.844
Bevenuesandexpensesof the Island of St, TTiomas for the years ended March SI, 1887 amf 1888.
For the year ended March 31, 1887 (actual) :
Revenue 81^, 485
Expenses IS», 116
Dclicit 52, 631
For the year ended March 31, 1888 (estimated):
Revenue 8140,646
Exi>en8es 188,838
Dcttcit 48, 192
Imports to the Island of St, Thomas for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1888.
Whence imported.
British possessions In North Amer-
ica
British West India colonies
Danish West India colonies (Santa
Cruz and St. John)....%...
Denmark
Dutch West Indies
France
Germany
Great Britain
Ilayti
Values.
131,308
30,155
26.140
82,838
7.128
103, RS8
152,821
426, 192
9,026
Whence imported.
Holland
South America ~
Spanish West India colonies
United States
Miscellaneous
Tf ital for year ended March 81, 1888.
Total for year er ded March 81, 1887.
Ir crease
Values.
»5,771
21,741
86 618
330,766
5,961
1,293,373
1.237,600
55,778
DANISH WEST INDIES — ST. THOMAS.
117
Expmisfnm iht Idand of 81. Thomas to the United States for the year ended June 30, 1888.
Articles.
Bay rum ......^......gftlloiui...
Bay oil pounds...
Bntndy K»iloDB,
Cifiars ^
litdea and skins « ».
Molasses .gallons.
Quantity.
83,008^
1,410*
0,000
2,100
Values.
921,896.51
743.37
6,931.00
476.99
2,439.16
500.00
Articles.
Rum w. gallons...
Sugtir pounds...
Turtle shells do
Whisky...... gallons...
Miscellaneous
Quantity.
7,805
91,027
1,952
28,815
Values.
93,854.44
2,716.91
6.906.28
37,018.21
1,763.51
Total for the year ended June 30, 1888 985,246.47
Total for the year ended June 80, 1887 54,487.23
30,759.23
Statement ahowing imporia to 8L Thomaafor the year ended March 31, 1888.
Artiolss.
linen goods ^
Gotton goods » — y*.
Woolen goods
Silk goods
Mixed goods
Keady-made clothes
Wheat flour
Bye flour.. m.
Ck>m-meal
Salted and smoked beef..
Tongues anil sausages ....
Salted and smoked pork,
Hams.
Butter
Cheese
Lard
Refined sugar
Salt fish..
Plokledflsh
Beans and peas
Wheat and com
OaU
Barley ^
Potatoes «.
Bread.
Tea-
Clanned goods
Iron
Nails-
Gk>pper and lead
Hutlware
Great
Britain.
•••••••»•*••••
Boots and shoes....
Saddlery
Leather
Pkiper
Playingnaards
Lumber
Shingles
Cement
BHcks
Tapestry
Cordage
Wine
Brandy j,
C«n
Spirits
Bweet liqueurs.
Cherry cordial
Beer
Vin^^ar.
Goffee
Rice
Tobaooo (loose)-....
Tohttooo (manofsotitfed) -
I ••••«•
95.686
166,408
12,850
1,851
3,818
10
581
33
10
10
2
761
628
3,428
7,136
1,116
285
13,993
436
6,131
855
85
648
M8
152
506
84
973
2,000
5,448
314
3,466
••••••••• ••••« •
245
United
States.
98,580
^ 940
France.
641
60,328
4,349
6,719
1,817
236
7,311
3,050
14,326
756
10,138
5.424
1,345
823
5,540
2,461
189
40
20O
1,870
214
1,365
324
27H
3
8,800
18
6,240
39
1,283
752
657
8,448
731
•46
2,760
1,603
*15,*228
1,135
86
295
8,002
2,316
91.062
4.250
8,915
6,869
15,572
851
582
88
1
3,572
24
5,339
347
14,496
219
74
212
797
489
•••••••• ••«•■■
13,702
4,294
2,450
58
Ger-
many.
9945
8,639
5,324
399
66
3,302
109
5
762
123
2,645
7,688
15
160
62
1,037
131
779
9
1,123
1,141
956
470
7,692
1,937
3,967
73
Span-
ish
West
Indies.
Oth^r
Danish
West
Indies.
9237
39
41
20
1
1,330
921
882
733
433
411
2,664
99
0,104
1,963
2,853
1,254
1.752
114
15
3,884
60
'Z33
"io
266
106 '.
50
683'
35
Den-
mark.
997
9
30
61;i
118
' "io
145
7
....I.
65
26
43
8
19
63
2
280
12
81
10
17
80
128
23
20,029
120
40
921
26
6
1,008
2,102
676
6,858
255
701
127
2
203
18
61
2
613
54
40
•7
92
484
253
26
57
670
119
89
11,465
2,851
Total.
97,704
188,196
23,372
9, "Ml
66
24.87M
62,362
4,525
7.000
1.875
8,535
7,43;{
4,430
29,073
8,92)
10,148
6,439
8,745
2.431)
6,927
2.581
1,679
58j
4,781
2,888
2,429
10,363
8,42.i
1,881
292
31,291
3,064
81,727
1, 2J.1
1,4G2
8,034
8.7.J3
971
8,589
841
9r4
506
73.)
4,4Stf
19. .^'il
14, IM
6,5.-i6
1.7(il
8, 4f»."i
1,313
18, 1'rj
20i)
27,9}M
8,618
7,100
9,033
S.066
118
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Statement ahowing imparls to St, Thomas for the year ended March 31, 1888 — Continaed.
Articles.
Great
BrltAin.
United
States.
France.
Ger-
many.
West
Indies.
Other
Danish
West
Indies.
Den-
mark.
Total.
•
Ciflrars.
371
472
13,421
44
1,965
100
8,061
609
13,022
707
10
84,246
1.162
Bpioes .,
Hides .,
64
14,625
4
1,067
40
16,088
284
882
96
Hiioar (ramr)
32.348
Moinnses m.....*
243
Fruit (fresh)
•127
109,160
226
8,850
2,413
171
724^
2,137
3
11
2.715
Coal
36,613
4,492
14d,S9t
Painto
844
20
2
5.5^
Sweet-oil
1,965
6,077
Lamp*oil .,
1,877
8.478
27
647
4,764
2,118
4,937
Soap :
13,428
Candies
2.V12
Storoh
7
32
2,804
Raisins and currants
235
33
127
66
5
6
23
119
204
357
Sago
.
248
Prunes
185
3
312
iMtes
.. ,.^
8
107
Almonds
124
23
129
Nuts
119
7
V»
Arrowroot
3
88
Vermicelli
1,232
1,492
658
1,661
905
4,223
1,571
23,054
1,232
Powdftr
2,419
2.007
2.156
1,996
2,096
725
21,317
1,004
48
176
2, 263
2,124
437
4,251
.
4.915
Straw hats
185*
82
23
. 4
Ifr,230
Kelt hnU
4
255
161
6
391
3.937
DruKs
2,685
100
1,312
556
30
8,526
Jewelry
9,721
Perfumery
2,701
13
32
64
416
40
359
8
7,269
Fancy floods
51,213
Poultry
190
478
13,603
78
398
Horses
1.144
Cattle
24.5S6
Sheep and stoats
J,6r>
»
1.394
Oysters...
295
2,N48
389
116
r
2u5
Furniture
573
40
41
2,485
26
20
125
2
1,291
246
6.aM
Carriajce material
1,128
Ships' material
4.226
Salt
38
1
264
Charcoal
6,616
3,141
Ice
8,141
200
89
652
159
10
35
106
1,«S7
13
2,906
265
Corks
FiKB
48*
69
46
11
69
Olives
2
71
Floor-mats
60
120
Marble
86
136
6,483
50
10
146
Pitch
136
Miscellaneous
15.237
1,811
4.182
257
710
1,639
80,116
^
Totel
842,910
842,618
121,201
104,492
•
60,269
42,404
82,587
1, 126, 164
Exports from St Thomas to the United States for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1888.
Class of ffoods.
Quan-
tity.
Value.
Class of goods.
Quan-
tity.
Valae.
^ Bay oil pounds...
Bay rum ..f^allons...
Beeswax pounds...
Bmndy gallons...
CiKars
13U
36,517i
27.H
565^
5,0(X)
156
55U
35,740
6,949
62,426
$529.81
23,249.17
58,10
2,774.31
470.99
20.52
237.67
4,204.22
3,488.90
1,470.88
•
Scrap iron ^ ..tons...
Turtle shell pounds...
Vanilla beans do ..
Whisky (returned American
ffoods) gallons...
Whisk-brooms gross...
348
1,280
962
22,705
1
12.079.50
4,254.85
989.90
28 314 Oit
Coffee pounds...
10.30
Cotton-seed oil K^Hons...
Miscellaneous
838.13
Hides and slcins pounds...
Sufcar (cargo in distres4).».do...
Total
73,007.23
Rum gallons...
DANISH WEST INDIES — SANTA CBUZ.
119
IMUmaSJtif^ numfter, cmd tonnage of deam and aaHing vessels erUeting and clearing at the port
ofSL Thomas for the years ended March 31, 1888, and March 31, 1888.
TEAB BN1»D KABCH SI, 1888.
Nationality.
Entered.
Cleared.
Steam.
Bail.
- Steam.
Sail.
A.inoricaiiM • .«.........
No.
80
Tont.
60,260
No.
95
4
40,703
1,962
No,
80
TonM,
60,260
No.
94
3
Tont.
40,111
1,208
1
81
1,007
€4,866
1
81
1,007
94,866
British «
Danish
80
20
3
16
81
2
1
63
28,944
5,715
466
6,521
12,591
1,118
596
25,529
80
22
3
15
29
1
30,167
6,157
466
Datch
French «
Oerman ^
Italian «
65
8*
107,654
117,600
65
84
107,654
117,600
5,034
11,844
458
Ltlberian
•
Norwegian
1
1,581
1
1,531
62
25,873
Portuguese.
Rooslan. ^
6
1
31
2,896
178
11,361
5"
1
29
2,896
Spanish
42"
1
23,255
1,047
1
23,255
1,047
178
Swedish ....^
10,777
806
407,220
862
187,582
806
407,220
344
135,109
YEAR ENDED MARCH 81, 1888.
American
82
64,466
74
28.160
32
64,456
{
71
25,801
1
• 92
681
106,017
1
89
681
103,441
British...... ^
51
18
16,786
4,623
49
18
18,794
i623
Danish
Dutch .... «
French ., „
German
51
96
97,472
184.400
4
7
2
1,318
2,821
1,443
61
96
97,472
184,400
4
7
2
1,318
2,821
lUlUn
1,430
Ifiberian «
Norwegian
Portusruese .»
1
1
1,773
915
36
"*14Vto6'
1
1
1,778
915
34
14,043
Russian *. J......
1
496
1
496
Spanish
3
1.459
8
1,459
Swedish
9
8,721
9
8,721
Total
277
407,173
202
73,114
274
404,597
196
68,137
SAIf TA CBUZ.
REPORT BY CONSUL TURNER, OF ST. THOMAS,
Santa Onus has a population of 20,000, mostly engaged in agricnltnral pnnmits, chiefly
tbe cnltivation of the«8n^r-cane. Within the last few yean Che commercial relation-
ship of the island with the United States has been more strongly cemented, and frequent
and direct steam communication places it now within easy access of New York. Dur-
ing the sugar-crop season two lines of steamers, English, touch quite regularly at Fred-
ericksted, the western port*of the island, both coming from and going to New York.
The total exports for the year .ended March 31, 1888, the fiscal year, were $564,797,
as shown in the schedule inclosed, of which amount $358,965 went to the United States.
The imports for the ^me period were $715,134. exceeding the exports $150,337. This
is accounted for by the fact that the sngAr-planters made large purchases of new ma-
chinery during the past year. There is no official statement as to what part of the
general total of imports comes from the United States, but it is generally considered by
the merchants that three-fourths would be a fair estimate.
The reyenues of the island do not balance the expenditures. For the year ended March
31, 1888, the expenses were $253,097, while the revenues were $159,479. The deficit is
mainly on account of military expenses, which for the same period were $50,144.
120
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
The coming season promises to be the best that the island has enjoyed sinoe 1871, and
the sngsr crop is estimated to yield 20,000 hogsheads of 1,500 pounds eadi.
MOBTIMEB A. T0SKBR, OonmtL
United States Consulate,
St. IJiomas, West Indies, October 20, 1888.
Exports from the Island of Santa Ous for the year ending March 31, 1888.
Arti<
dM.
Port of Frederick-
sted.
Port of Chriatian-
filed.
TotAl
quantity.
Total
*
Quantity.
Value.
Quantity.
Value.
▼ftltte.
Sugar
Rum
MoImms
-...g^lloiui...
18,375,585
96,764
207,549
9275,100
19.540
20,766
10,948,095
,.86,918
63,595
9286,135
6,906
6,360
24,283,680
.138,682
271,144
9611,235
26,446
27.116
•
Total «
815,896
249,401
••••••••••••••••••
564,797
Exports from Santa Oruz to the United States for ahove period.
•
%
Sugar
Rum
■»
« pounda...
gallonfl...
do
11,652,590
30,394
207,461
9261,338
10,679
20,747
2,572,422
6,962
47,256
958,406
8,170
4,726
14,225,012
88,856
254.717
9319,748
18,749
25,473
Total
292,664
66,301
•••■•»••••••••••••
858.965
Tonnage of vessels entered and cleared at Fredericksted and ,Christiansted, Santa Oruz, West
Indies, for the year ended March 31, 1888.
Ports.
Amerioan.
Foreign.
Entered.
Cleared.
•
Entered.
Cleared.
Fredericksted - - -
1,539
2,920
1,552
2,920
•21,079
1«1,«78
5,864
Chrifltiansted
Total
4,460
4,472
26,224
27,542
Total tonnage, American and foreign, at both ports :
Entered /. , 80, (
•Cleared ^ 32,014
* Of this amount 20.267 is the tonnage of British vessels,
t Of this amount 20,784 is the tounAge of British vessels.
Total exports, and their value, from the island of Santa Oruz for the year ended March 31,
1889.
Port from which ex-
Sugar (pouQds).
Molasses (gallons).
Rum (gallons).
Miscel-
lan»-
ous.
Total
ported.
Quantity.
Value.
Quantity.
Value.
Quantity.
Value.
value.
Fredericksted
11,202,610
9,942,587
$291,269
258,389
185,967
56,192
918,596
5,619
71,421
88,956
914,485
7,792
9t.964
8,181
9329.284
Ohristlansted
274,961
Total
21,146,137
549,658
242,159
24,215
110,877
22,897
8,196
604,265
WEST INDIES — SAN DOUINGO.
121
Of the above amoaot the exports to the United States for the same period were as
follows:
Port from which ex-
Sogar (pounds).
Molasses CkaIIods).
Rum (gallons).
m
Misoel-
lane-
oos.
Total
ported.
•
Qoanlity.
Value.
Quantity.
Value.
Quantity.
Value.
value,
Frederickflted
CbristiaiMCed
10,255,609
3,025,461
1318,855
97,614
133,875
135,091
120,553
1,997
12,967
8,945
15,645
3,338
11,418
678
$346,471
103.527
A OHU« ••••••««••»•■ vf^**
13,281,070
416,469
268,966
•
22,560
21,912
8.983
1,996
449,998
The imports for the same period were as follows:
Prederioksted.. .
Christiansted
$332,406
356,648
Total „ ^ 689,064
Tamnage arriving and departing from Santa Cruz far the j/ear ended March 31, 1889,
Ports.
American.
Foreign.
Total.
a
Prederiolcsted .•.».••••..»■.«. • .....y... .*»..•
Christiansted^
Tont,
6,038
4,046
Tons.
19,794
6,662
Tona.
25.832
9,728
Total »..«.««»«»»«w». «»«»««..«..«. ■»»«*» ••.••••••«•....•••••••••
10,084
♦
25,476
85,660
The greater part of the foreign tonnage is British, mostly steam.
, MOBTIMEB A. TUSKEB, CbfMtf/.
United States CoNStJLATB,
8L Thomas^ August 28, 1889. '
SAN DOMINGO.
PUERTO PliATA AND SANCHEZ.
SEPOJtT BY CONSUL 8IMPB0N.
FUEBTO PLATA.
Ejcportit. — As will be seen by the accompanying tables, the exports from this district
daring the past year show a decided decrease from those of 1887; not that the crops
have been smaller, bat the completion of a railroad from Sanchez, at the head of Sa-
mana Bay, to several of the interior towns has drawn off considerable produce that has
heretofore fonnd an outlet at this port.
Imparta. — For the same reason the imports show a falling off, and, although no statis-
tics are at hand to corroborate it, I beHeve those at Sanchez must have increased cor-
leBpondingly.
122
COMMGBCIAL BELATI0N8.
"^Tear.
ImporU.
PotiM.
Exports.
Duties.
1887....^
1741,408.28
658,971.79
8908.355.88
418,966.66
|9U,018.36
771, 247. «
8148.010.49
92,369.35
87,884.49
84,399.22
180,765.77
55,64L14
Total yalue of ezporta to the United States for—
1887 „ ^ - $155, 122.01
1888 ^.^ „^ » 109,091.75
46,080.29
NavigcUion, — The tonnafce of yessels entering and clearing shows an increase of 9,475
tons. From the United States there was a decrease of 3,588.
Loan, — In the latter part of the year a loan of $3,500,000 was negotiated through the
house of Weetendorp & Co., bankers, of Amsterdam, with the proceeds of which it is
intended to cancel the ontstanding interior and exterior debt of the Republic. To Fecure
the bondholders the income of all the custom-houses — alter putting aside a fixed sum
ibr the ordinary expenses of the Government — ^ore given in guaranty for the period of
thirty y tsars, at the expiration of which time it is believed the loan, with interest (6 per
cent ), will be paid.
Railroad at Saneftez, — This railroad, built with English capital, was originally intended to
connect Santiago— the largest town in this district and principal depot of supplies iorseveral
neighboring towns — with the port of Sanchez, but the cost having already exceeded the
original estimate, and finding some difficulty in securing the right of way, this intention
seems to have been indefinitely postponed, and the terminus is now at La Vega, some
18 miles from Santiago, by the most feasible route. Should it ultimately be extended
to the latter town it would still further ii^ure the trade of this port.
There is a rumor current here that Messrs. Westendorp & Co., who are also allowed
to engage in commercial enterprises, intend to send engineers to survey a route for a
railroad from Puerto Plata to Santiago.
Although Sanchez is not in this consular district, yet, as it ia one of the only two other
outlets for its produce (Monte Cristy i^ the other), statistics of its trade may be inter-
esting. I therefore inclose tables of exporta, imports, and navigation for the past year,
previous to which it was not in actual comi)etition with this port.
PoiiUeal, — ^The first election under the revised constitution, which provides for the for-
mation of an electoral college, to elect {^resident and Vice-President, took place on the 1st
and 2d of November, and resulted in a triumph for the friends of General Heureaux, the
present incumbent, and who at the formal meeting of the college was declared elected.
He will tak^ his seat as President, for four years (instead of* two as heretofore), on the
27th of February next. f .
There were some attempts at disturbance alter the result of the election was known,
and at Puerto Plata it was quite serious, the insurgents taking possession of the town
one morning and holding it several hours. They were finally driven out; and, not re-
ceiving the support which they anticipated from their friends in town, the movement
soon fell through. A number were captured ^and imprisoned, and others presenting
themselves with arms were paroled and allowed to go to their homes.
THoa SiHPSOK,
IJkitbd States Consulate, Gmnd.
Puerto Plata, February 16, 1889.
Imports at Puerto Plata for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Desoription.
Merohandise and provisions.
Do
Do
Salt
Total fd» 1888.
Total for 1887
Value
entered.
$350,361.97
296,012.98
6,789.73
1,407.11
663,571.79
741,406.28
87,834.49
Amount of
duties.
$321,511.40
91,698.03
8,487.86
2,269.81
418,960.66
603,855.88
84,899.22
Ck>nntrie8 whenoe imported.
Europe.
United Stated.
West Indies.
Turk's Island.
WEST INDIES — SAN DOMINGO.
123
EaeporU fmm Pwirto PkUafor the year ending December 31, 1888.
Defloription.
Goooii pounds...
CofTee ^ do
Cow'hidefl ....number...
I>7e-woods M tonfl...
Uoafc-akins ....-^ .dozens...
Honey ~ gallone...
LjuBoe wood span number..
L.%namvit« ....tons..
Blahos&nyM ....mm feet...
Mi8oeiUneoa&, M
Molasses gallons....
Sum......M*..... „ do....
Sugar ., pounds...
Tobaoco.....^ do....
Wax * do....
Total
I>utiefl and chaxges.
Total for 1888.
Total for 1887.
Decrease.
Quantity.
177,786
921.085
14,535
149
5,044
200
1,790
35
781,296
4,060
5,440
1,122,225
8,738,377
100,228
Value, In-
oludingr costs
and charges.
Ck>untriee whither exported.
926,664.90
188,162.75
29,070.00
1,490.00
12,106.60
40.00
1,342.50
350.00
65, 816. 55
480.00
609.00
2,176.00
83,666.75
489,227.94
20,045.60
771,247.69
92,960.86
863,616.94
1,059,023.85
196,406.91
Europe.
United States and Europe.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
England.
Do.
Europe.
United States.
Do. «
Hayti.
United States.
Germany.
Europe.
Na/oigaiion at the port of Puerto Plata for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Flag.
Ankerican ..
Danish
Dominican
English .....
French
German^
Haytien....
Norwegian
Spanish .....
Swedish
•••• •••«••
From—
New York
West Indies
do
New York and Turk's Island ...
Europe
Europe and West Indies
West Indies .«.
........do
West Indies and Europe .:
West Indies
Total for 1888
Total for 1887
Increase .
Decrease.
Entered and cleared.
Steamers.
No.
14
2
16
27
27
86
92
Ton3.
20,025
684
29.360
81.879
18,468
100,416
92,310
8,106
Sailing ves-
sels.
No.
4
8
20
26
8
1
8
61
67
Tons,
1,144
593
206
510
675
27
780
245
4,179
2,810
1,369
Total.
No.
18
8
20
28
16
30
1
8
27
1
147
149
Ton».
21, 169
593
205
1,194
29,360
32,564
27
780
18,468
245
104,596
96,120
9,475
SANCHEZ.
Imports at Sanchez, Samana Bay, for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Description.
Value, en-
tered.
Amount of
duties.
Countries whence imported.
Merchandise and p^o virions ..............
f202,377.66
r4,874.06
124
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Exports from Sanchez^ Samana BaVf for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Dworiptioii.
Quantity.
Value', in-
cluding
costs and
charges.
Countries whither exported.
(*ocoa ^ poands...
(*o(^«M^ do
893,815
15,399
2,512
304
8,084,974
135,732.60
2,199.86
5,024.00
60.80
805,157.02
81,639.65
Barope.
I>o.
(k>w hides number...
United States.
<toat-Hkiiui do
Do.
T«>iiac*co ^ pounds...
I>iitie8 «
Germany.
A OUkl •«••••#••••• •••••• •«•••• •••••• •••••# ••••••
379,970.78
^
NavigaJtion at the port of Sanchez^ Samana Bay^ for the year ending December SI, 1888.
Flag.
From otto—
Entered and cleared.
Steamers.
Sailing ves-
sels.
Total.
American
Danish
Ne# York
Saint Thomas ,
No.
11
Tona.
16^726
No,
1
12
8
1
2
Tona.
855
666
72
60
356
No.
12
12
3
1
8
17
12
IVnu.
17.0(11
666
Dominican
,..do
72
Dutch
Cura^oa .,
-
60
KiiKlish
New Yorlc
St. Thomas „
Liverpool
i"
17
12
348
16.078
13,771
678
Uertitan ..........
16,078
Spanish
18,771
• ■«*»»«BSa*S ••••»••*•••• •••••• ••••••«•••«•••••••«•«•••■•••«•••••••«••#*«•••
Total M....
41
46,918
19
1,488
60
48,406
CONTINENT OF ASIA.
CEYLON.
Imports at Ceylon for the year ending June 30, 1888.
Desoription.
.rms and ammanltion.
»cef and pork (salt)
(ooliiand shoes
tuiter
rboese**. •••••«
'otton mannfiuiiures....
teiTystufR»>.. ......:
loor
}fmln (rloe and palses)
laberdashery and millinery...
lam and'baoon..
lardware and cutlery
Ceroeene oil (case*)
ialt liquors ^.
Cetals, wrought and nn wrought
•ddleiy and harness.
Spirits and cordials.....
•ucar. .MM..........
^obacoo:
Cigars
ManufaoMnred
Unman oiactured..
nnes.....'.
V^oolens.
^ther goods not enumerated..
ToUl
Value en-
tered.
190, 8d9
8,157
9,080
* 13.020
9,743
1,018,474
212,848
200,380
7,212,82$
273.099
17,219
93,990
172,577
67,996
0,888
7,443
154,516
168,566
108,207
26,298
9.968
98,771
71,696
4,681,547
*15,178,203
Amount of
duties.
f796
84
650
557
418
77,678
13.830
13,358
626,362
17,894
745
6.071
11,266
3,781
450
606
27,078
16,737
6.678
7.418
2,346
11,677
4,681
175,601
1,026,616
Countries whence imported.
United Kingdom.
Oreat Britain, India, and Singapore.
Great Biitain and India.
Oreat Britain, India, and Italy.
Oreat Britain and Continent of
Europe.
Oreat Britain, India, and Continent
of Europe.
India.
India and Continent of Europe.
Do.
Do.
Oreat Britain and Australia.
Oreat Britain and India.
United States and India.
Oreat Britain and Continent of
Europe.
Oreat Britain, India, and Continent
of Europe.
Oreat Britain and India.
Oreat Britain, Continent of Europe,
and India.
Oreat Britain, India, and China.
Oreat Britain, India, and Europe.
Oreat Britain, India, and China.
Do.
Oreat Britain, Europe, and Australia.
Oreat Britain, India, and Continent
of Europe.
All countries.
^Leas specie, $1,592,510.
Exports from Ceylon for tlie year ending June 30, 1888.
Description.
kirdamoms pounds-
Do do
Do do
Do do
Do do
' Do .M M.do
inchona > do
Do do
Do do
Do do
Do do
iilnamon do
Do .M.... ......do ...,.
Do do
DO....M.M ....M .do
Quantity.
136,043
558
435
128,072
367
185
8,545,273
416,937
760
8,174
52,199
831.719
37,420
73,200
6,000
Value, in-
cluding
costs and
charges.
9188,817
813,404
Countries whither exported.
Oreat Britain.
Hamburg.
Afk'ica.
India and eastward.
Australia.
America.
Oreat Britain.
Venice.
Antwerp.
Havre.
America.
Great Britain.
Marseilles.
Genoa.
Venice.
125
126
COMMERCIAL BELATIONS.
Exports from Ceylon for the year ending June 30, 1888 — Continaed.
Deocripiion.
Cinnamon
Do
do
Do
do
Do
do
Do
do
Do
.,,.. do
Do
do.... A
Do
do
Do
do
CoflTe©....!
cwte...
Do
do. ....
Do
do
Do
do
Do
dof.....
Do...:
do
Do
do
Do
Do
do
Do
do
Do
do
Do
do
Do
do
do
Do
,...M..do
Coir
do
Do
do
Do
do
Do.....
do
Do
do
Do
do
Do.....
do
Do
do ....
Do
do
Do
do
do
Do
do
Do
do
Cocoanut oil
..cwts...
Do
do
Do
do
Do ,«.
do
Do
do
Do '.
do
Do
do
Do
Do
do
Do
..._ do
Do
do
Do
do
Do
do
Cocofiniits
number...
Do
do
Do
do
Do *...
do
Do
do
Cocoa
cwts...
Do
do
Do
do... .
Do
do
Do
do
Do
do
Do
do
Copra
i.opra _.......... .......
do
do....;.
Do
do
Do
do
Do
do
Cinnnmon oil
,...„., ounces...
Do
Do
do
Citronella oil
Do
do
do
Do
do
Do
do
Do
do
Deer horns
, OWtfl...
Kbon%*
do
Do
do
Do '
......do.... •
Do
: do
Do
do
QuanUty.
6,600
266,438
1L,000
38.aoo
15.000
6.900
12,900
7,1^
6,000
77,494
841
93J
1,898
4,819
146
12
8
1,960
5
293
51
8,944
8.445
19,964
53,861
1,031
1,043
1,246
119
3,162
476
47
165
1,508
10,749
5,892
25,630
106,381
2,708
9,419
1,685
17,497
7,411
6,794
3,628
7,901
600
17,734
1,871
499,702
8,822,696
22,500
10,000
95,040
639,620
8,229
666
80
100
26
848
17,310
23.351
22,246
8,000
8,682
62.764
73,240
739
6,098
2,786,378
273,384
47,120
10.296
74,820
1.927
3,362
274
41
7,719
1
Value in-
dudinir
oosts and
otwrgea.
1841.086
3,816,656
235,954
1,341,696
115,582
279,366
189
6,016
128.007
21.827
83,866
Countries whither exported.
Od<
HambuiK.
Antwerp.
Bremen.
Rotterdam and Amsterdam.
India and eastward.
Australia.
America.
Barcelona.
Great Britain.
BlaneiUes.
Genoa.
Yenioe.
Trieste.
Hamburg.
Antwerp.
Bremen.
Havre.
Rotterdam and Amsterdam.
Africa.
Mauritius.
India and eastward.
Australia.
America.
Great Britain.
Marseilles.
Genoa.
Venice.
Trieste.
Hamburg:.
Antwerp.
Bremen.
Havre.
Rotterdam and Amsterdam.
India and eastward.
Australia.
America.
Great Britain.
Marseilles.
Genoa.
Venice.
Trieste.
Odessa.
Hamburg.
Antwerp.
Havre.
Rotterdam and Amsterdam.
India and eastward.
Australia.
Ameriea.
Great Britain.
Genoa.
Venice.
Hamburg.
India and eastward.
Great Britain.
Marseilles. *
Hamburg:.
Antwerp.
Havre.
India and eastward.
America.
Great Britoin.
Marseilles.
Odessa.
Hamburg.
India and eastward.
Great Britain.
Marseilles.
India and eastward.
Great Britain.
Hamburfc.
India and eastward.
Australia.
America.
Great Britain.
Do.
Marseilles.
Antwerp.
India and eastward.
Australia.
CONTINENT OP ASIA — CEYLON.
127
Eacports from Ceylon for the year ending June 30, 1888 — Continiied.
Desoription.
Quantity.
Value, in-
oludinff
costs and
charges.
Countries whither exported.
KJtool fiber
OWt8..~
751
1
432
30
506
57,281
88
419
7,415
8,869
1,012
82
833,826
8,212
87,537
24,183
4.996
4,724
2,035
640
621
65
1
14,830.337
8,841
987
818
200
43,142
612
10.020
4,490
2,165
13,960
17.123
834,042
7,634
Great Britain.
r>o..
.do
19,161
Australia.
Orcbilla weed
do
Great Britain.
Do
do
7,943
Marseilles.
Do
Plumbago
do
do
do
do
India and eastward.
Great Britain.
Do
BCarseilles.
Do
Trieste.
Do
do
do
Hamburv. *
Do ,
Antwerp.
Bremen.
Do
do
do
Do
India and eastward.
Do
Poouac ....i
do
........do
795,333
America.
Great Britain.
Do
do
do
do
Hamburg.
Do
Antwerp.
Do
aVSi"
Bremen.
Do
Snpan wood
do
do
India and eastward.
Great Britain.
Do
do
do
do
Trieste.
Do
Hamburg. •
Do
India and eastward.
Do
do
16.447
Australia.
Tea
...pounds...
do
Great Britain.
Do
Marseilles.
Do
do
do
Genoa.
Do
Trieste.
Do
do
■ >••■ *••••• ■■•••■
Odessa.
Do
do
••••••••■■•••••■••
Hamburg*
Do I
do
Antwerp.
Do
do
Bremen.
Do
do
Rotterdam and Amsterdam.
Do
do
Africa.
Do
do
Mauritius.
Do
do
do
India and eastward.
Do
Australia.
Do
do
2,766,908
1,831,119
America.
Mi4C9llAn4K>ua „.. .,..,...
•
All countries.
Tbtol* -
12,784,989
• Sxd usl ve of—
Specie ..,.f S554, 636
Coals re-exported 1,300,000
Pearls unreported v .• 300,000
Precious stones unreported .'. 500,000
Total...T. ., 2,654,635
Declared exports at Ceylon for the United Staieefor the year ending June 30, 1888.
Artlolea.
Gardamoms
Cinchona
Cinnamon
Coffee ~
Cocoa ,
Cocoanut oil
Coir yarn
Essential oils .....
Gems
Hides
Medicinal seeds...
Merchandise
Personal effiects..
Plumbago.
Rope
8enna leaves
Tea
Total.
Quarter ending—
Sept. 80,
)pt. «
1887.
S186.00
13,088.00
1,718.00
12,251.00
931.00
21,375.00
8,061.00
14,541.00
49.35
250.00
1,121.00
73,560.00
154.00
420. Oa
130.00
142,774.85
Dec. 81,
1887.
$16,150
1,675
1,006
221,295
9,415
20,800
87
127,351
4,956
402,684
Mar. 81,
1888.
$13, 143
1,747
4,911
7,741
79,525
7,180
8,926
4,706
27.587
2,254
157,669
June 30,
1888.
•9,868
2,044
2,802
7,683
177,507
6,830
80,563
486
886
20
105,877
294
842,800
Total for
the year.
S185.00
52,199.00
7,184.00
19.964.00
17,810.00
499,702.00
25.476.00
74,820.00
535.35
290.00
0,212.00
87.00
20.00
833,K25.00
154.00
420.00
7,634.00
1,046,927.85
128
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Number, tonnage, and crews of vessels of each nation entered and cUared at porta in the
island of Ceylon during the fiscal year 1868i
BNTBRBD.
Nationality of veMeU.
British:
United Kingdom.
Colonial
Foreign :
American
Austrian.^
Dutch
French
German
Italian
Maldivian
Norwegian
Russian
Spanish !.
Total,
With
Ves-
sels.
600
1,786
1
30
30
39
1
24
8
2,464
Tons.
1,060,910
181,884
1,694
58,189
53,782
75, 115
1,849
817
3,068
Crews.
1,876,728
45,936
19,724
24
1,872
2,876
2,972
61
525
76
74,155
InballAsl.
Ves-
sels.
848
897
5
18
4
88
27
2
1
4
2
786
Tons.
406,097
68,856
5,673
16,794
5.728
88,080
66,785
2.009
916
6,890
4,701
696.977
Creirs.
21.800
5,(n8
70
667
207
5,522
2,788
87
28
623
ITO
87.214
Total.
Ves-
sels.
843
2,138
6
48
4
68
66
8
24
4
4
2
8.300
Tons.
Orews.
1,607,007
184.740
7,866
74,988
5.728
141,812
181,860
3.858
817
4,003
6,890
4,701
2,078,705
66,826
2S,S97
94
3,529
307
8,897
6,755
148
525
99
522
170
lU,a69
CLEARED.
British :
United Kingdom..
Colonial
Foreign :
American
Austrian.^
Dutch .....
French
German
Italian
Maldivian..^
Norwegian
Ru.«>fiian
Spanish
Swedish
Total.
488
1,002
7
44
83
42
2
24
1
4
1
2
868,520
111,657
7,579
75,449
62.806
87,196
2,872
762
915
6,890
1,928
1,874
1,740 1,227,847
89,850
12,779
118
2.600
3,887
4,208
72
516
23
522
70
81
64,766
887
1,118
1
4
5
35
23
1
1
2
3
1,525
610,506
88,757
1,674
4,884
8.747
78,490
40,862
1,416
83
1,941
6,436
843,796
26,968
10,058
84
170
263
4,900
1,340
75
80
46
218
44,098
2.306
8
48
5
68
65
8
25
8
4
4
2
8,266
1,479,026
200,814
9,258
80,838
8,747
140.796
138.057
8,788
846
3,856
6,890
8,864
1,S74
8,071.143
66,818
22,837
142
2,770
868
8,787
6,688
147
546
69
fOl
288
31
106,858
Number and tonnage of steamers and sailing vessds entered and cleared in the fiscal year 1688,
exclusive of those catting to coal and for orders eU Thlombo and OaUe,
Steamers.
Bailing vessls.
Total.
Colombo :
Inwards
No.
840
839
Ton9.
1,500,954
1,499,676
No.
8521
849
TVwt.
222,194
233,606
No.
1,692
1,688
Tdma.
1,788,148
1,733.271
Outwards
Total
1.679
3,000,530
1,701
455,889
3,880
8,456.419
Galle:
Inwards...
t
148
136
232,664
210,794
38
43
11,582
18,689
181
179
344,086
Outwards
227,483
ToUl
284
1,963
443,348
3,443.878
76
1,777
28,221
484,110
860
8.740
471,569
Grand total
3,927,088
Ukitsd States Consulate,
OoUnhbo, Ceylon, July, 1888.
W. MoBEY, OoneuL
■W
CONTINENT OF ASIA — CHINA. 129
CHINA.
«
♦
AMOY.
REPORT BY CONSUL OROWSLL,
The sabjoiDed facte in reference to the trade of this port apply to the year ending De-
cember 31, 1888:
SHIPPING.
The total nnmber and tonnage of veBsels entered and cleared was 1,787 vessels of
1.596,147 tons, against 1,881 vessels of 1,663,377 tons in 1887. Of this tonnage the
British flag represented abont 81 per cent, the German flag 7 per cent, the Chinese flag
7 per cent, and the remaining 5 per cent was, represented by the flags of all other na*
tiona, the United States being one of them.
IMPOST AND EXPORT TRADE.
The gross value of trade increased but little over 1887, being 15,673,040 Haikwan
taels against 15,505,531 Haikwan taels in the preceding year. The imports increased
490,175 Haikwan taels, while the exports declined 322,666 Haikwan taels.
OPIUM.
The trade in this pernidons dmg still continues to increase, the amount imported
being 6,873 picnls against 6,363 piculs in 1887, au increase of 68,000 pounds of the drug
which is at once the Chinaman's fiivorite joy and his frightful curse. The financial
profits of this trade mainly accrue to Bnglish merchants and the British Indian Govern-
ment. To moralize over the evils of the opium trade would be of no value; to any in-
telligent person the bare statement of the facts is sufficient. If the doctrine of rewards
and punishments is to be exemplified in this matter, some one will have a heavy load to
carry before the end is reached.
KEROSENE OIU
The trade in this article, including that received and re-exported to other Chinese
ports, shows an increase of about 97,000 gallons. During the month of October, 1888,
a direct importation from New York of 15,000 cases of kerosene — of 10 gallons each —
occurred. It is the first direct importation from the United States which it has been
my pleasure to chronicle. I understand a fUrther direct importation of American oil
will be made early in 1889. Seventy thousand gallons of Russian oil arrived at this port
via Nagasaki, Japan. It did not find much favor here, and sold about 50 cents per case
less than the American oil«
TEA. ,
There was an increase in this article of export, the amount being 182, 663 picnls against
ll»2,211 piculs in 1887.
I last year quoted from the report of the then commissioner of Chinese customs, J.
Mcl>eavy Brown, esq., as to the poor quality, etc., of the Amoy Oolong teas. A new
commissioner, Mr. J. Lloyd E. Palm, 'has succeeded him at this port; and as sustaining
what his predecessor said, as well as that which I had had occasion to report about the
inferior quality and nndaiirable character of the Amoy Oolongs, I quote from Commis-
sioner Palm's trade report, dated February 18, 1889, as follows:
* ' The first musters of Amoy Oolongs were on ofier about the middle of May, or abont a
fortnight later than nsoal. I am told that the quality throughout has been somewhat
disiippointing, as the sole object of tea men seems to have been to produce at a low cost.
The crop placed on the market is said to have been about the worst that has been seen
for many years, and the proportion of good and superior grades turned out to be ex-
tremely small. An expectation having been entertained that the crop would have proved
even shorter than it did tended to a certain degree to foster some speculative demand,
10611 0 B 9
130
COMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
and in Angnst the nuirkei» it is nid, mm claaxed at $15.60 for fair cargo, while dnring
the rest of the season fresh arrivals readily fonnd hnyezs on the same bads. The aver-
age price realized was $14.69 per pical, or jnst abont 10 per cent over the price realized
for toe crop of 1887. Although the quality of last season's crop of Amoy Oolpngs was
about the worst on record, still the results to t^men are said to have been fidrly profit-
able, and the supply has been somewhat laiger than was at first anticipated. WhUe it
is possible that there may be an increane in the yield next season, still a good deal will,
depend upon the coarse of the American market and the prices that are obtained for the
first crop. It is idso to be hoped l^at the producers will take more care in cultivating
the leaf, and endeavor to raise the standard of the quality, as otherwise the demand for
their teas is likely to beipiKlually extinguished.'^
The average prices realized for teas during the past nine years ire as follows:
•
Tear.
Amoy
Oolongs,
per pioul.
Formosa
Oolongs,
pef pioul.
Year.
Amoy
Oolongs,
per pioul.
Formosa
Oolongs,
per picuL
1«W
118.09
16.18
14.11
17.12
19.43
139.50
35.65
84.04
86.13
84.85
18S5
1886 «
1887
1888
119.37
16.65
18.85
14.69
135.12
1881.....
87.72
1882.M..
34.46
1883.....
86. 9S
1881....
Of the season's teas 18,579 picnls, or 3^477,200 pounds, were sent by the Canadian steam-
ship line to Vancouver, British Columbia, and thence by the Canadian Pacific Railroad to
the United States. Late in theseason — the United States restriction law having cut ofif the
revenue from the San Francisco steamers arising from the Chinese (laborers) passengei
traffic— they sent two steamers into this port for tea, and 8,592 piculs, equal to 1,135,-
680 pounds, were carried by them to San Frandsoo. But the bulk of the season's crop
went via the Suez Canal in English steamers to New York, thongh the quantity by this
route, owing to the competition of the Canadian, and- San Francisco steamers, was less
than went in former years. If the San Francisco steamers continue to <»11 at this port
and properly look after and accommodate this trade, I feel assured that they will in the
future largely increase the quantity of tea going hence via San Francisco, and their own
profits as well.
PASSBNQEB TBAFFia
The number of natives who left this port dorhig the year was 73,663, of which num-
ber 47,908 were for the Straits (English) Settlements, 13,269 were for the Philippine
Islands (Spanish possessions), and 416 were for the Dutch possessions in Java, the re-
mainder being for Hong-Kong and coast ports. The number ot natives returning to this
port was 54,714, showing an excess of 18,919 persons leaving the port over the number
returning, and making a total movement of Cliinese population of 128,347 persons. This
shows how willing the Chinaman is to go where he can make a profit for himself, and is
suggestive of grave consequences following this incipient overflow from the vast popnla-
tion of this great empire, which, unrestricted in future years, foretells a human tor-
rent similar to that which once swept over southern Europe. So this movement of pop-
ulation, as yet only in its infancy, may yet overflow all barriers but forde, and make
conquest for itself of the richest iislands of the Pacific, Australia included.
It may or may not be political conquest, but none the less will it be a commercial con-
quest oi some of the fairest and most productive portions of the earth, until the Pacific
Ocean may become simply a Chinese sea. For they are a/* peculiar " people, with a
marvelous history behind them, and wonderful possibilities before them which may oi
may not be realized.
TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES.
The trade with the United States amounted during the year to $3,879,272 in United
States gold. This was chiefly teas exported to America. While the value of American
products imported to Amoy, so far as they can be ascertained, amounted to $234,455 in
United States gold. This was chiefly for cotton drills, flour, ginseag, kerosene oil, and
wheat
Wm S. Croweli^
Consul,
United States Consulate,
Amop, JtUff 10, 1889.
•^
CONTINENT OF ASIA — CHINA.
131
Nd iwporUaiAmoyfor 1h6 year ending December 31, 1888.
I>eieripUon.
QuABtity.
Opium:
Bfalwn ...M.....pl<ni]a...
FrUw ....^.do .....
Benares...... .^..do......
Perauui .MM«.«.M.do.....«
TMal
1,056
251
428
Value en-
tered
(Halkwaa
taela).*
496,011
86,919
1,975,100
51,921
191,903
2,801,854
Oray .*«.m.
White do...
Dyed ....M...do .
Brocaded ...do.^...
Troths ...........do
Amer1ea&...do......
BnKUBh.......do......
Torkay ieda.....do......
Lawna ..\ .....do......
Cotton yam...plcalfl...
Ootton gooda, on-
■*•••# •••»••••••• •••
Total..
Woolen Booda:
Oamletay Bnffliab,
liastlnss. — . pieoea..
Lone •ila ........do......
Spaniah siripea,
pieoea «...■«■»■ .........mi
Ofelli, brand and ma-
diuat,.....M..plaoea...
Woolen and ootlon
BKijctnfea...»pieeee...
Woolen braid and
yam ...•M.M..jp1ottl8M
Woolen goooa, un-
18,094
57,904
8.776
8,815
74,910
8,061
152
7,087
7,178
48,964
88.764
144,618
9,791
5,787
111,742
10,267
410
18,276
6,867
1,066,086
11,275
1,418,822
1,475
708
512
852
Tblal
Mfaeellaneona pleee
•••••• •*• •••••••• ves
>■•■>■ eeeeeeeee ••••*• —»m
Metala:
Iron, railroad and
oar ...... >..«..ipienla.«»
Iron, old ...... ...do......
Iron, wira.....MMdoMMM
Tin, in alaba.....do......
Lead, in pigs ...do......
QniolcBUTer .....do^...
Melnlf, iinelaaaed.M.M
Total »....,..•
Foreign aandriea :
lenla
...pioula.M
B6ebe de mar, blaek
and white. ...pieulBM.
BIrda* neato. flnt, aeo*
ond« and third qiuU-
itlaak.,.M..M.....picala.M
Oinnamom ...••pioula.
808
505
• • •••eea»« • •♦■— e
•eeeee • • • *« ••••
1,525
7,909
10,287
2,606
818
10,188
8,796
4,886
US
16,289
6,138
8,664
4,894
5,941
1,190
49,742
11,196
97,991
4,224
4,160
7,982
2,774
281,941
12,788
20,141
12,745
842,481
U,81»
16,382
88,884
84,890
11,886
Deaerlption.
^••««***
Foreign sundriea— Con-
tinued.
Coftl.....M tona...
Cotton, raw....pioula...
Cuttle fish do
Fish, dried do
Flour ......M.....M..do....a
Oinaeng, Amerioan,
olarified pioula..,
Glue M.do
Hides, oow and buf-
flUo....^ ........piculs...
lioather picula.
MaDgroTebark..do
Biatcnea g
Muaaels,dried..picul8...
Oil, kerosene...gaUa.
Oil oake.......M..piottls...
Oil nuts. do.....
'^■uoy ...... «...»«. muo.....
Prawns and shrimps,
dried ....piculs...
Rattans, whole,
piOUlB... .........M ••.....1.
Rice ..pioulSkM
Shellfish ........... do
Sinews. do.....
Wheat., «do
Sundriea, nnenumei^
ated M.......M.
Total...
Native sundries:
Bean cake picula....
China root..........do
Cloth, natiTe and
nankeena .....picula...
Ooal .....tons......
Cotton, raw. ....piculs...
Fish, dried and salt,
piculs. M..M
Fungus .....piculs...
Oinseng, Corean, first
aunlity..........plcul8...
Lify flowers, dried,
piculs..
Lungugnns, dried,
piculs
Mnts, ten .pi
Isedloines.. ...
Oil, bean. piculs.
Prawns,dried....do.....
Muce. ................. oo......
Bamshn do......
Seed, melon......do
Seed, sesamnm...do
Bilk piece goods,
JpiOUlV. ............ ...MM.
ITea, Oolong...pioola...
Tobacco, leaf ....do.....
Vermicelli ...do....
wnea* ... .......... .cio......
Bandries, anenumei^
BtOTl ••••«•••••»«•••••»••««««««
• •••••« ■•••• m*
Quantity.
Value
tared
(Haiktvttn
taels).*
8,811
18,486
1,418
27,796
11,472
128
1,084
1,678
1,480
9,891
242,470
2,051
156,360
18,659
9,808
21,190
12,688
8,279
178,679
2,442
2.507
86,124
a . »».«.. ........ I
..«..»...«»»«
26,677
126,251
19,767
144,094
58,750
59,856
10,245
18,679
28,608
11,421
47,998
11,780
22,137
24,008
20.806
21,190
100,296
11,768
243,762
21,581
17, 111
58,845
906,689
1,429,888
655,781
498,216
876
819.243
749,898
18,900
280
8,800
25,188
10,130
18,160
841,042
14,614
1,118
67,251
80,403
12
24,840
6,273
42,894
1,608
1,093,070
Value.
4,612
24,014
407,278
7,456
2,320
7,048
10,900
82.792
88,203
25,994
190,178
549,852
50.881
12,761
21,364
117
' 135,307
2,064
8,414
368, 696
56,958
f2, 681, 529
20,615
49,719
839,241
283,823
fS, 795, 042
^Ona Haikwnn tnel was eqnnl to 9L15 U^ted fltatea gold duri ng aaid year,
t The Tnlne of tea ia not inoluded in the net total here, as there was an ex
fanport of tea during aaid year.
of re-export aboTe
NoTB.'The dutiea on opium amounted to 906,281 Haikwan taels; on other articles, to 127,480
Haikwnn taels; totoL 838,761 Haikwan taela, or $883,885 United Statea gold. The grauU total of
net imports amohnted to 9,885^808 Haikwan ta^ or 111,868,097 United States gold.
132
COMMEBCUL RELATIONS.
ExportB (kuimimp r&^xp9ri9) firam Amo$ for thefearmdrng Deoember 31. 1888L
Hsmp ....MM* ••••..do......
• ....M.«..««.«a...piOllUB.*.
Brloks and tilM... pleoM...
Cbliuiware,0(NU*6,pieal«...
OnMS ololh, ane...»..do
Hemp, twine and thread,
piculs -...
Hemp Moldiic.«.«pleoee...
Immh pMie„.«««,M..*..picu]a...
Iron ware.*...M.M^«. .....do
JoMtleka .do
Lloheee, dried.........do
Lmigug«.nn, dried ...do
Oysters, dried ....•^..do
Pftper, flrsl and second
qnaliUee .^...pleuls...
BMnsha, medioated ..do.. .-
^oantltj.
444,180
947.080
»,400
4,888,807
26,907
•10
824,780
0,516
8.864
009
1,823
6.864
1,830
46,186
6.061
7,266
Value
(Haikwaa
taels).^
14,818
98.704
45,846
88,208
00,642
68, OU
12,215
28,787
38,001
19,204
11,818
10,810
82.244
11,746
876,480
40,160
40.768
Shoes and boots, silk
and cotton ......pairs...
jSagar:
Brown ......... piculs..
White do
Candy do
Tea: Oolong, Conirou,
and 8ouchong,picals...
Tobacco, prepared,
piculs
Umbrellas, paper (ki^
tysols) .pieeee...
Vermicelli and maca-
roni ......M.......pteuls...
Wood, planks, tea,
boxes ...MM.«......
Sundries, unequmer-
ated
••«•••••■••••••«••••■••
Total
• ••••••••••ese
Quaatt^.
82,172
128,842
12,396
94,547
182,668
9.876
417,876
19,128
621,788
«•••••••••■••*•••«
Value.
CHaikwan
16,140
258,607
67,854
619,946
1,256,913
164, 8W
20,871
60,961
84,801
963,006
t&, 490, 629
* One Haikwaa tael was equal to 8L 16 United States gold, during said
t Equals 06.814,228 United States gold.
KoinL-Tte duties amounted to 214,187 Haikwan taels. or 8246,268 United Stales gold.
KmrigMm ai Ike port qf Amojffor the ifear ending Deeefkber 31, 1888.
American^ •••«..>
onusn ...*••••■••••••••
Chinese ,
Danish
Dutoh....^....
PreiMdi .......
German »
Hawaiian..
Japanese
Siamese ..—..... -....
Spanish
Bwediih and Norwegian........
•e— ee i«««e««*«tP««a««a***«
Grand total.
Bntered.
SteamerSi
No.
1
64
7
1
41
27
2
761
7bfi«.
8,129
621,886
67,888
10,088
188
80,788
1,219
16,889
2,885
742,846
SalUng
N;
8
61
68
1
1
1
181
2,764
24,412
290
26,794
840
894
626
64,420
Cleared.
No.
1
••••#»••
7
1
41
27
2
768
Tbns.
3,199
698,748
67,8 8
10,088
188
30.788
1,210
. 16,889
744,707
0aiUi«
No.
8
69
•••••a..
64
1
.»«.»..■
182
Sbas.
1^768
28,604
681
•••••• ••... .......
••..^j»>.
26,816
810
64,176
ImporU and eatporU hetweeti Amojf and the Untied Statee for ike gear ending Deeember 31,
1888.
NET IMPORTS.
Articles.
Quaatilr.
Value
(HMkwaa
ftsels).*
AtDAnCBH unUB <—#ese—ee ■»>»■« •••»»■ ■••••••••••••••••••e*«e*Mt»««**e»*««******ee***a«o**«pl^OO0fte«
AmeriOMI flour •••••• #•••— «.»*..»««e«,«..»««»».,«oM.«>e*»«»e* eee»e«plOttlS«M
A ffllAlritt^O fl^UKIAflfl^ '^■^^'iflOCl * -.^.^ . .. ^ . ...OO.aA^aa
8,061
U,47S
128
140,000
86,124
10,287
68,760
80,856
22.166
68,345
Jt>.eroscne oiIm...... .••....••...••......•«..•....•••..•.•«.•.....■....•..•.•...•.••«.■ ......gaiionsM*
wT neaw... »....••...••«•...........•....••.•...•*•»••••••*•••••••.•......... ......................piou IB...
IVvftAl
t208,874
^One Haikwan tael was equal t% 81.15 United States gold during laid year,
t Equals 8284.456 United States gold.
CONTIMENT OP ASU — CHINA.
133
Imp<ni» and ea^parU hekoeen Amo^ amd A€ UwUed SttUea, e<e.— Continaed.
SZPOBTS (INGLUDING &K-BZPORT8).
AxiiOm.
Te»:
PormoBft Oolong ; ^ ~ « ..»....« do
PooehowConffou....... .1^.^ ^ do.-^
SAuuiffluu Koopowder and Toans Hyson ^......m-.....^ ^..do.M.^
«lk
ToIa]
•«••••■•••••#••••• ^•••« *• »•••«• •••••••••««••*«•••••••••*«••■••»••••«
Qnftntlty.
ValiMviiMhid-
ingooflto and
oluurvM (Mexi-
dollMi).*
9D,C16
113,228
43
7
• • • •••••• • •«•••• ••
■••••••«»«**»oo»o«
IBM, 286
4.978,438
809
486
00
f«.Ul,081
*One Mexican AolI»r was equal to 70.9 oen|p United Gttatee sold during said y<
tBqnala 18,879,273 United States gold.
NOTB.— With the exception of Iceroseae oil there were no direct Imports from the United States
to this port dating the year. The artidles above mentioned as " Imports *' found their wmy here wim
Hong-Kong and Chinese ports.
FOOCHOW.
RMPOBT BY CONSUL CAMPBELL,
SBVIBW OF TRAD&
The net imlae of- the tnde of the port of Foochow for the year 1888 shows an
over 1887 of 2,675,186 Haikwan taels.* The amount for 1888 la 17,161,755 toels and
for the previons year 14, 486, 569 taela. Towards this increase foreign imports oon tribnied
741,322 taela, native imports 419,894 taela.
The advance in foreiRn iiflports is mainly dne to the large importation and enhanced
value of opium during the year, and that in native imports is accounted for by the great
quantity of cereals brought from the north in consequence of iiunry to the local crops
by floods. The higher value of native exports, notwithstanding the diminished shipments
of tea is explained mainly by the fact that while the quantity of tea exported decreased,
its value greatly increased. The tea aeason opened much earlier and at priees much higher
in 1888 than in 1887. The prices paid for some ^* fancy crops " were nearly double those
of 1887.
The gross value of the trade during the year was: Foreign sooda, 4,550,464 taels; na-
tive good% 12,913^689 taels; grand total, 17,264,076 teelai
OCFOBia
The iBaports of opium are much larger than for last year, 6,166 picola (picnl=:133}
pounds) having passed into consumption in 1888, while in 1887 thero were 4,994, and in
1886, 4,903. The use of the drug is gradually increasing among the native people, not-
withatanding its deplorable effects. Malwa exceeds by 444 pioula the figures of 1887,
and the prices paid for it were much higher than in the preceding year. The consump-
tion of Bengal was greater than the preceding year. This brand is in high fiivor, being
free from adulteration. The prosperity of the opium trade is said not to benefit the large
foreign firms engaged in the business, for the customs bonding system haa made it all
but impossible to compete with the native traders. There luis been an increased im-
portation of other foreign goods, such as cotton, piece goods, shirtings, ete., which show
an advance of upwards of 12,000 pieces. It is difficult to account for this increase.
Metals remain about the same, excepting tin and lead which show an increase. Kero-
sene oil stands 20,000 higher than the quantity imported the preceding year. The eon-
sumption of kerosene oil is undoubtedly on the increase, notwithstanding that the high
officials havlB prohibited its use, on the alleged grounds that it is dangerotis on abcount
of flrea. ^This prohibition, however, is not rigidly enforced.
• The Ualkwan tael = fl.lO American,^
134
COMHESCiAL RELATIONS.
Q9o4m imparML
ArtielM.
Opium „mmm»
Cotlon goods
Toloths
DrlllH:
Sngllsh
AuMrioan
Jmuis, Boglish
Sboetinc SngHsh
ChlBtBMUid farnitYUM
Cotton printi, pUIn
Tnrkoy.rod oottODi
Cotton Uctinn, plain and flgnrad . .. .
Cotton damaaka
Valf»ta
Talna.
fWflt.
1^101,017
S21,9M
4M,705
UK no
870
7
8,175
10^ OM
▼elteteeas
JaooDota, oanbrioa, lawn%
and dimittea
Haakerehlelk
Towala
jMpanaaa cotton eloth
Cotton fooda nnolaaaed ....
Cotton yam
Cotton thread .^....^
Woolon fooda
MlaeeUaneona niaoo gooda.,
Metala....^
BnndilM
11,351
5bJ87
1,88S
1.788
t,8n
4.J85
8,008
108.480
11,108
757,888
BUIOCAST.
Importa fhvm—
Great Britain
Hong.Kong....... ........
United Stetea of Amerion
Japan ,
8. 843
8,288,700
648
88,805
Sports &01
Jara
Total from Ibfeifn ooontrii
Total ftom Ohineao porta
TMal ta>poita
871
8,808,888
1,0110,788
4850.454
TRADB IK MATiyX IMPORTS.
The trade f n Datire imports covers all the prodnotions of China, emhracing erery-
thing taken from the soil or produced hy the industry and ingenuity of the natives.
Articles of this character are imported from the several ports of China and are
hrought here in the ooasting ships and Chinese Junks. The value is given in Haik-
wan taels :
Lnporta from Chineaeporta •••...m... 8;0S8^817
Importafrom Hong>Kong..... • 870^804
Total '. ^800, 181
TBA KXPOBTS.
The export of tea for the year 1888 shows a falling off. The quantity exported in
1887 was 616,673 piculs ; in 1888 the quantitv wad 553,235 piculs, showing a decrease
of 62,438 piculs. The loss was i n exports to Qreat Bri tain and British Ameriim. There
was an increase in the quantity shipped to the United States of America^f 6,796
piculs.
A competent authority on the specialties of the trade in an interesting and valua-
ble account of the trade of 1888, says :
"The tea season for the year has been characterized by much the same features as
in 1887, vii : A shrinkage of supplies, with unfortunately but little relief to the al?
ready overstocked London and colonial markets except in the negative aenae that
their comnlete collapse has been averted, for without doubt had so much tea been
picked ana forwarded by natives to Foochow as in 1887, prices would have veoeded
to a ruinous point for both natives and foreigners.
*' The competition from India and Ceylon is beginning to be seriously felt. It is in
Great Britain that India and Ceylon are making such rapid progress, and it is there
that Foochow teas are losing their position, as shown bv the following export figures :
*' There were exported to London in 1886 58,000,000 pounds; in 1887, 46,000,000
pounds; and in 1888, 32,000,000 pounds.
** The exports from India to Great Britain have largely increased during these years.
In the Australian colonies the Foochow teas appear to be holding their own, as
although Indian and Ceylon teas are increasing so likewise does the consumption of
the Foochow article. Prophets, however, are not wanting who declare Xheir belief
that even in this market Foochow teas will in the near future decline in favor and
be gradually displaced by Indian and Ceylon productions.'*
CONTINENT OP ASIA — CHINA.
135
Tea ea^mied during the year 1688.
Great BHtidn '.
Uong-KoDg ;.•••
lodiA
Sinicapore and Struts ^
Australia •
New Zealand
Rontb AfHca and Kanritiiia
Bnilah America •
Qiuuittty.
PicuU,
S71«448wU
19,040.88
319L98
412.90
109,400.41
19,088.96
14,570.08
0^148.11
Exported
United Statea
Xaropei exoept Bnaala
Japan
Cluneae porta
Total
Qoantltj.
Ptotttt.
38,180.78
0,639.22
1,108.84
40.58
22.879.10
653,386.73
There was also exported to Rnaeia^ M anchooria, and C^flese ports 76,579.^ pical^i
of what U known here as brick tea.
TEA RB-KXPOBTBD.
There was a small quantity of tea re-exported to Great Britain, United States of
America, and the Australian colonies, the qaantity thereof being 3,126.72 pioals.
i;
Expwrte of nattve produce.
Arttdea.
Bamboo sputa
Bamtioo aboots
Bamboo ware
Canee
Fistamaira
Fish akins
Floor yam
Flower plants
Flowers, dried
Hams
Hemp
Uemp sacking ^
Larap-blAck •..
Lichees, dried
Lnnjzneans, dried
Medicines
Oil tea
Olivea
Orangea:
Fi«sh
Dried
Paper:
Firsiqnalitr
Second qvality
Gattings
Joss
Peel, orange
Peel, pnmdo, first and second qoality
Talne.
8,808
140,403
15,5112
8,042
2,200
1,104
1,120
2,544
1,405
0,210
2,553
9,559
4,877
1,384
12,610
Hi 888
1.339
17,887
45,422^
1,057
45,062
38,565
1,286
148,907
13, 130
2,650
Artiolea.
Plnms, dried and salted
Potash
Preserves
Bice, red
Seed, flower
Seed, lily flower or lotos nnts...
Shoes and boots, sUk and ootcon
Silkreftise
SnnfT
Te% black
Tea:
Green
Dost
Leaf
Brick
Timber, planks :
Soft wood
Hardwood
Tobacco:
lAaf
Prepared
Wood:
Planks, bucket stavea
Polos
Coffin
Sandries, anenamerated
Total
Yalno.
TmIt.
14,196
12.800
9,830
0,040
8,394
6.227
1,716
1,500
8,989
91230,170
4,004
400
93,291
440,752
88,550
24
496
8,235
1,411
194,360
2,917
25,752
10,677,209
ExporU ffjf ootmfriet
lEzporta to-
Great Britain
India ,..
Singapore and Straits .
Anstralia
Sooth AfHea
British Ameriea
United SUtes
Surope exoept Bnssia
Talae.
Haikvan
taeU,
4.253,194
12,873
27,455
2,791,204
200.221
109,519
435, 810
182.018
Exports to—
Bnssia ,
Japan
Hong Kong fbr foreign ooontriea
Total
To Chinese ports
Total exporta
Yalae.
Haikwan
taeU.
112,916
1,160
857,674
8,841,818
1,785,891
10,677,909
136
COIIMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
TRANUT TRADS.
Qood9 oonMyMl to ike imiwior of China umdor frantit pa$$09 ^imimg 188a
CoetoBfoodt ^ .^ n,4tt
Woolen goods ^ 11,«17
Metals, ete tlfl^OM
Sondries 145»7ll
Total r... aa[»T
>^ VuUw paid, 1888.
-W tMOs.
Great Britain TJIk l,t28;8B8
United SUtea 1S8
Germany 45,454
Danish 4,065
Sweden and Norway 8,S74
Japan 110
Gtalns 96,815
Onoplun I8A.M4
Total dnties 1888 Xm,iM
Total dnties 1887 ^ 2,»0,C73
Bxoaiaforl888 11,82ft
Dreasure in HMkwan taeU.
m
Treasure Inported 8,149,885
Tr»asnre exported 2,914,298
Gaia.~ -... 228^067
8HIPP1MO.
The total tonnage of sailing ycsnels aud Bteaniers, aggregating 596,778 tons inwards
and ontwardSy has fallen below tliat of 1887, as a probable cooaequeoce of the dimin-
isbed demand for freight bronght about by the cartailed shipments of tea.
Number and tonnage of vesiele entered and cleared during 1888.
Use.
Steam:
Britiflh
German..'
Japanoao
'Chmeiie
Total
Sail:
British
German
DsDish
Swedish and Norwegian
Chineae
Total
Entered.
Kg.
216
4
8
76
299
S2
8
2
1
8
61
Tonnage.
289,654
2,232
1,398
83,268
276.552
13,488
2,895
613
236
1,906
19,038
Cleafed.
No.
481
18
6
152
602
66
16
4
2
16
103
Tounsge.
479.231
9,6»
2,706
66.636
558.183
27.495
5,790
1.026
472
8,812
88; 605
UMmcD Statbs Consulatk,
Foo-Ckow, June 15, 1889.
John T. Campbkxx,
CoHiul.
(JONTINEKT OP ASIA — CHINA.
137
Jmporh at Foo-Ckowfor ike fear ending December 31> 1888.
DeaeripUoii.
CHIKFLT FBOK BOKO-KaBrO."
Opiam:
Malwa • plonls..
Paina , do...
BennrM do —
Persian do,..,
Torkey do —
CottoQ goods:
SbirtliucSf Rny, plain ; pieces..
White do...
Dyed do...
Dyed, figured, brocaded, and spotted do...
T-elotAS -. — do...
Drills—
English pieces.
AmericaB do...
Jeans, SngUeh do...
Sheetings, English do...
Chintsesand famitore do...
Cotton prints, plain .....do...
Tnrkey-red cottons ; ^ do...
Cotton lastinss, plain and flgnred do...
Cotton damasks <ln...
Velvets do...
Velveteens do...
Jaconets, eambries, lawns, mnalins, and dimities do . . .
Handkerohieft dozen.
Towels....... do...
Japaq^se sotton cloth pieces.
Cotton Koodsimolassed do...
Cotton yam picnls.
Cotton ibraad .^•••.. do...
Woolen coodai ^ -
Camlets-
EnglUh... pieces.
Dntoh.^ do...
Lastinffs do...
Long ells do...
Spanish sMnes '. do...
Cloth, broad, medium habit, and Russian do. . .
LuAters and Orleans pUiu ^ do. . .
Blankets pairs.
Union or poncho cloth : ^ pieces.
Italian cloth, plain and figured do...
Woolen goods, unslassed do...
Misoellaneons piece goods :
Canvas bolts.
Woolen and cotton mixtures pieces.
MisceUaneons piece goods unclassed •. do...
Iron :
Kail rod piculs.
Bar do...
Hoop do.*.
Sheets and plates.. do...
Wire do...
Pis and kentledge do...
Old : do...
Anchors and chains ; :....do...
Iron ware, nnolassed ^lo...
Tin in slabs do...
Tin plates do...
Tin plates, old do...
Lead:
In pigs do...
In sheets and tea lead do...
C«>pper:
Sheets and plates do...
Old .do...
Wire • do...
Slabs do...
Tellow metal, bar, rod, sheets, and nails do...
BraJMWire .*. do...
Steel .—...• do...
QntoksilTer. .••••... do...
White metal do...
Zino ...••. 1 do...
Snndrles—
Anise seed etari • •
Whole pieces.
Broken do...
Baskets, teat fancy... do...
Quantity.
Valna.
8,100.99
$1,898,316.44
2. ai8. 80
761,414.72
446.40
154. 840 1>8
325.44
118. 550. 84
li44
6,317.44
70,763
1G2, 125. 08
21,023
79,262.36
1,806
9, 532. 88
2,667
7. Oil. 04
264,332
539,067.80
1,651
8,748.16
6,647
17,782.80
481
1,009.20
4
a 12
7,920
11,058.28
815
1,141.44
12,088
19,585.44
2,270
9,483.00
117
528.96
1,620
11,604.64
55
330.60
14,224
18, 167. 16
14,070
6,921.72
8,856
1,581.08
6.113
2.016.08
1.284
4.265.32
164.81
4, 970. 60
62.87
3,023.06
7.489
81,870.48
43
843.82
8.658
33,511.24
1.491
8. 432. 04
3,594
50. 132. 88
881
83.229.86
217.
1.180.88
8,320
11,263.60
343
6. 863. 72
1,737
8.400.72
501
4,902.16
588
4.985.68
7,956.44
1,745
81
. 29L16
6,905.77
16, 02a 88
1,146.31
3.019.48
39.26
114.84
176.92
67a GO
197.32
1,4r2.04
500
506.08
11.819.88
29,827.08
686,28
2, 499. 80
46.75
450.08
6,109.19
197,030.04
1,811.80
', 4.»76.4%
266.58
1.006.88
48,840.83
849. 890. 68
3.11
16.24
19 55
460.52
143.08
2, 273. OJ
40.86
986.00
45.84
836.36
219.41
4.858.44
6.71
129.92
848.20
n, 648. 36
69.59
5. 177. 08
&11
489.53
404.23
3,069.00
198.26
4,186.28
5.56
82.04
18,095
671.88
138
COUHKRCIAL RELATIONS.
ImporU at Foo-Chow for the jftar ending Deoemher 31, 1888— Cod tinned.
DetoifpttoB.
OmOLT raOK HOlia-KOKO— MBtlBlwd.
Be<looT6ra,eottoii.. plMM.
BetelnotA plcols.
li«chedeMer:
Black do...
White do...
Biitlitnesta :
First Quality ^ do...
Beooca quality do...
Third quality. ; do...
Braid bozM.
Butlona, brass gross.
Candles bozso.
Cardamon:
Superior plculs.
Inierior • ....do...
China ware:
Fine do ..
Coarse do...
Cinnamon... • do...
Clamst dried do...
Clocks pieces.
Cloves plculs.
Coal ^ tons.
Cockles picnls.
Cuttle-fish do...
Dies, aniline ralne.
Fans, paper pleoes.
Feathers, kingflflhcrs' do...
Fish:
Dried picnls.
Salt do...
Skin do...
Flint stones do...
Flour do...
Ginseng :
Corean .....do...
Japanese do...
American darifiod , do...
American crude ji do...
Boots and beards do...
Unolassed do...
Glass, window boxes.
Horns:
Cow .....:.. .picnls.
Deer, yonng pairs.
Old piculs'
Rhinoceros do...
Isinfclass do...
Lacquer-ware .....do...
Lampa and burners pieces.
Lookiuc-jclassand miirors do...
Machinery ralne.
Matches gross.
Medicines value
Milk, condensed, in tins docen.
Mussels, dried piculs.
Needles mUle.
Oil, kerosene gallons.
Opium, husk plculs.
I'aper, first quality do...
Pepjwr :
Black do...
White do...
Perrumery •• value.
PmwHH and shrimps, dried plcols.
rutehtick do...
Kainins do...
iUittaus, whole do...
Split , do...
RugH and druggets .....pieces.
Sstidslwood piculs.
Sapanwood do...
Seaweetl and Agar Agar do...
Shark's fins :
Black do...
Whito do...
Prepared , do...
Shellfish do...
Soap valns.
Quantity.
<C28
202.65
t,M8.45
.04
flL47
S.48
S8»978
12.27?
2,856
aa94
136.56
168.17
242.06
60.02
2,657.66
1,840
61.68
8,708
2.822.62
8iHL60
116,632
28,278
^ 43.68
ll|l27.02
2.285.60
1,70&36
3,338.23
6.61
66.59
14.40
40.73
86.11
22.86
4,177
665.82
13.00
8a 13
5.27
888.48
87.53
8,605
2,186
70,041
1, 368. 00
2,482.38
25,653
172,660
63.04
126.91
1,126.72
28.07
1.674.63
119.48
446.10
3,68&55
1,803.50
1,832
8,111.46
8,292.90
14,785.15
66.67
,77.27
1.36
6,216.61
*••• ..•■•...
Tahin.
62,344.36
1,667.60
4,78176
87.942.44
88.83
11^217.28
a^ 455. 72
24,057.46
6^478.60
4,767.60
6,6I8L72
6,667.76
6,166.66
1,277.16
4,63&84
28L26124
6^232.66
1,626.06
18,183.06
13,71&84
12.886.64
63.666.16
6.651.20
8,410.40
86a 56
40,452.68
11.812.28
1,543 96
18, 06a 28
7.636.28
2%S23.7i
4,92&53
25^583.64
2.165.72
a 267. 72
15,024.32
4,72L26
887.44
6,66G.28
10.042.12
17,734.08
6,938.04
5,179.40
1,305.00
lo.ioaTS
24,685.24
2.190.08
2,668.00
18,626.60
6^ 707. 12
87. 162. 60
a954.04
1. 851. 36
16,909.06
625.24
1,68a 64
34,01.^.84
1,441 88
3.612. 24
19,481.04'
13,134.66
8, 48L 16
20,717.60
181132
38.475.28
1.624.00
2,992.8J
110 48
56.764.60
lC^«3a80
CONTINENT OP ASIA — CHINA.
139
Imp<uri§ at Foa-Chow/or tKe year ending Decemh'm' 31, 1688— Continaod.
DosoripUon.
CHIBVLT FBOM iiONo-KOiK^-oonilnaed.
Sugar :
White ^ plcnls
CaDdy do..
UmbreUju m.. pieoM
Wfttehes do..
Wood:
Oaroo.... • •• plonU
Soentaad frm^raot .....do..
SuBdriaoanenamenited...., taIuo
Totol 6^003,206.76
CB1IFLT FBOX COAST TORTS.
Almonds ...pimils..
AnoDio do....
Bftmbooware do..
cake do
YaliMb
11,63444
430.86
6, U2. 20
1,U1.26
3iOM.44
15^881.60
Bai,0&7.8a
Qroen a do...
White and yellow do...
Hiscellaneoas do...
Bones, eoiv do...
Books, printed do...
Bnssfoa do...
Braaswaie do...
Battona :
•••.••••.••.•.•«.•.•...•..•.•.•....••.>....•.■.... do...
pieces..
■..••....•...■• •.■.•.•>.•.•...•■>•■..••«•«........ do. ...
■ •••.•.•• «^.. .•.•.••............>••>... •■......••.. do....
■•••..........>...•....•....•.>.......•...•••..... do....
do....
ChlDaroot ....piculs..
Cinnabar do
Claons, dried do...
Cloth, natlre and nankeens do —
CoekjiBa, fresh do....
Copper wsie .; •• do
Cotton:
JBaw.. ..••..••«•.. do
Felt
SOk
Horsehair
Carpets
do..,
do...
do..,
BlbboBS
Base •
Cntileiah
Dateii:
Black do...
Bed do...
White do...
Dyeetnff do...
EgKs, preserred pieces.
Fans:
Fancy do...
Feather do....
Gaaseand aOk ....do....
Palm-leaf:
Trimmed do...
XTntrimmed do...
Pnper : do...
Felt do...
Fire-eraokers and ftre-wurks piculs..
Fleh, dried and salt .'. do...
Flour, potato • do
Fungus ......................................... a....... ....... ....do...,
Ginseng:
Nau^% do...
Beard and reftise do...
Goraan, first and seeond quality do...
Glass or Titrifled ware do...
Grass cloth, line ....do...,
Gypsum. .•..•••.•...•....•....•...•..•......,........•.......•..... do...
Hetr.goat do...,
Haina ;.....M.... —..... do...
Hemp ^ do...
Hemp akin do...
Hideaieowandbuflklo... , do....
Horns:
Chamois do....
Cow and bnfBido...... do....
iBdifo. Uauld do....
196.26
787. II
42.57
7,401.60
20,631.00
23,043.02
6,646.03
1,284.00
443.18
52.76
236.18
31A23
MiC870.00
10,090.00
1,206.00
100.00
8,512.00
016.68
10.87
243.83
2,287.84
7.674.72
26.01
503.34
124.76
646.80
206.13
1,286.13
1,066.84
18&31
310.68
124,181.00
188,310.00
400.00
14,643w00
2.57
022.86
6.38U.98
3, 46A. 48
7,074.84
l,2fl. 16
10,045.60
36,500.56
34,714.16
10, 022. 40
1,936.04
7,852.08
2,543.88
13,440.02
11, 789. 08
4, 018. 40
1,150.72
424.56
22.04
5, 205. 4U
16, 7X6. GO
1, 045. 16
1, 828. 16
00,844.24
11, 323. 02
1,700.56
•
8. 002. 16
11, 677. r2
1,218.00
3, 543. 88
8.806.72
7,413.56
2,782.84
4,033.32
1,124.04
6.690.36
110.20
2,155.28
60,600.00
734.28
271,300.00
1,635.60
200,680.00
3,300.68
8,700.00
1,507.32
376.82
4, 147. 00
3,635,06
16,064.84
5,532.18
12, 326. 16
1,313.37
36,640.12
7.03
1,487.12
U.10
711.08
2.67
5,636.41
300.69
7,751.12
170.22
27.141.68
3,587.25
3, 244. 52
30.03
1.585.72
219. 16
5,222.92
3,216.74
20,003.06
1,004.57
2,512.56
473.29
4,281.66
745.88
6, 013. 68
35^ 643. 83
140
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
ImpmrU at Foo-Chow/or tkt $9ar ending D^emnber 31, 1888 — Contmned.
Deacriptloii.
QnaBtl^.
YAlse.
CHIBFLT raOM COAST POBT»— OOBttllved.
LMDp-blMk pteols..
LftoiM .piecM..
Leafi:
Ked plcnU..
White do....
Leather atripa do
Lily dowen, dried do....
Mate:
Bamboo aad rattan pieoet..
Straw A do....
TeaandaiUc do....
Medicinea •. ralae.
Musk oikttiea.
Oil:
Bean plools.
Wood do...
Peppermint do...
Opium t
Native, Yonan do...
Hoak do...
Paper, flratqnalitv do...
Peara and applea, freah , do...
Plpea, braaa pfecea.
Preaerrea pionla.
Rhabftrb do....
Rioe do —
Sapflower.— do.,«..
Samsho •••... • • do....
Seed:
Melon ....•...•..•.••..•...•.•..•....>•>.......• •...••..... do....
Senna .*..............•.. do....
Sessanmm do....
Shoeaand boota, ailk and cotton pairs..
Shoea, straw do....
Si:k:
Rawaod white picnls..
Raw and yellow do —
Wadding do —
Piece goods do....
Sptton mixtarea do —
.ibbons do....
Embroidered do....
Sinews, deer, cow, and bnlTalo do....
Skins of all kinds, skin clothing and rugs Tslue..
Suuff , piouls..
Susar: *
Brown do....
White do
Candy do....
Tnllow :
Animal ....do....
Vegetable do....
Tea:
Black do
Green do
Dust .......#... do....
Tobacco, prepared .do....
Tooth bruslies pieces..
Vftiniiih picnls..
Vorrntllion do....
Wax, white do —
Wlieat do....
Wftolen and cotton roixturea piecea..
Suudries, unenumerated - yalne..
17.511.00
40.68
80.26
^8U.02
8.808,00
8,841.00
8,68^801.00
.... .•*. .. rf<
.11
476.30
ass.68
1.19
66
8.43
8,000.14
6,606.40
4,000.00
137.07
144.06
438,650.20
216.57
600.27
'8.386.06
85L21
141.48
4,118.00
2.761.00
.66
lia04
4.60
630.12
864.08
68.57
8.07
88.80
812.87
803.75
84.47
272.00
62.88
8,711.80
842.81
4.24
87.21
18,679.77
78,836.00
006.12
271.98
767.68
88.208.20
6,150.00
•1,016.82
8,800.52
454.72
2. 945^24
7.064.12
40^68Ltf
8,418.88
4,710.76
86,076 64
107.44L5S
806.20
8,7^
1.
1.
24
207.64
1.005.78
29^050.33
48,775.00
10,274.12
1,&19.00
* 1,760.24
82^674.00
19,460.44
8.686.56
13,885.86
1,352.56
402.58
4,180.64
249L40
164.72
30,269.76
884.04
207,803.32
24.308.96
3U,0I^68
2,942.92
l.£64.81
12,807.88
4,481.08
801.56
634.76
1,988.40
561.44
88,875.06
14,846.68
IM.68
230184
272.818.24
1,247.00
40,058.28
19,004.28
43,411.84
45 151.84
E, 590. 04
55.934.04
Total.
3^712,091.32
COKTINENT OF ASIA— <!HINA. -
141
JEaqporte ffnm Foo-Ohow for ihs tfear ending December 31, 1888.
D«wsriptioii.
T«a : CUtKrLT TO fDRBlGH COUHTBIXS.
Blaek plcnls..
Green .................................. do....
Dtiat do
Leaf and leflred j do....
Brick do
Bamboo : TO cost pobtb and hoxo-koko.
~ Split r pfonls..
Snoota do
BamboowMTO .do
Canea pieoea..
JTishraafra ptouls..
Via aktna do....
Tloiir, yam do
Flower planta pieoea..
Fluivera, dried picola..
Hama do....
Hemp... ..r.^..... do...
Hemp packing pieoea..
Lamp-Dlack pionla..
Licheea, dried do....
Lansngans, dried do....
Xediciaea...... valne..
Oil tea .-..picula..
OIJTea — g do
Oraneea:
Fresh do
Dried.. do
Paper;
First qoality do
Seoona quaulr do....
Cuttings do....
Josa do —
Pttel:
Orange • picnlr..
Pnmeia do...
Plnma, dried and salted do...
Pocaab , ..do...
Preserrea^ .., , do...
Sice, red ...r. do...
Seed:
Flower picnls..
Lily flower or lotas nnta ■„ do...
Shoeaand boota, ailkand cotton pairs..
Stlkrafnae picals..
Saaff .••..... do...
Timber, planka:
Softwood % ^ Talne.
Hardwood ..r piecea.
Tobsoeo:
Prepand *.....(. plcnla.
Leaf , do..
Wood:
■ Planka, bnoket atavea pieces.
Polaa do..
Coffin do..
Sondriea, nnennmerated yalao.
Total.
Quantity.
655, 211. 02
258.93
111.80
1,474.09
76,677.85
9,635.
28,725.
1.280.
457.745.
90.
144.
843.
86,152.
331.
815.
32.
24,660.
8,195.
115.
1,688.
40
83
62
00
86
23
58
00
77
72
72
00
46
95
35
250.12
16,601.77
88,038.95
1,317.96
6,802.87
16,948.06
749.23
11,408.63
1,777.79
413.87
8, 651. 41
2,963.62
963.08
1,510.28
1,076,27
506.15
4,821 00
88.46
. 197. 12
23.00
871.90
127.31
139. 48a 00
249,168.00
1,886.00
Valne.
$10, 706, 097. 20
6,840.64
533.60
27.)U7.56
518,332.32
7, 817. 28
162,867.48
18, 08b. 72
8, 528. 72
2.558.96
1.466.24
1,300.64
8.951.04
1.734.20
7,203.60
2,061.48
11, 00a 44
6, 077. 32
1, 605 44
14, 627. 60
13,210.08
1,553.24
9,168.92
62,689.52
1,922.12
52,271.02
44, 723. 80
1,^90.60
170,412.12
15,230.8J
8.074.00
16. 460. 68
14,917.60
11,409.76
10,486.40
9, 737. 04
6. 063. 32
1.989.40
1,740.00
10,404.04
42,398,00
27.84
'3,762.60
576.36
1,636.76
225,446.00
3,383.72
29,872.32
12,269,662.44
Navigation at the pert of Foo-Chow for year ending December 31, 1888.
Flag.
£ntered.
Cleared.
Steamera.
Sailing veaaela.
Steamera.
Sailing Tesaela.
Britiab
No.
216
76
6
Tont.
239,654
83,268
4,368
No.
32
8
8
2
Ton§.
18,481
1,906
2,805
513
No.
215
76
7
Tont.
239, 577
3a 268
6,252
No.
88
8
8
2
Ton$.
14,014
1,906
2,tf95
613
Cbineae
German ...... .....................
Daninh ......... .....r
Japanese ...... ...... ..............
3
1,398
8
1,398
Swediab
1
23G
1
236
.
301
278,688
51
19,031
301
270,495
52
19,564
142
COMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
Navigation at the port tf Fbo-Ckow for Ike yoar omdimg Dooambor 31, 1888— ContiDiied.
KKTEBXD.
Ports.
IToog-Kong and ooMt ports
8haDith*i
Formooan porta
Amoy •
CantoD
New Chwanif
Wenohow
Amoy and Swatoro
Steam-
era.
132
6
8
1
6
4
Bailing
Traaclf.
u
1
24
Porta.
Swatoro
Antwerp ...'....
Japan
Ix)iidon
Min paaaenger ateamers.
Be>entered
Total.
1
3
10
9
47
1
Ml
SaUfarg
1
*i
1
61
CLBABED.
Hong-Kong and coast ports.
ShsDghai
Formosan porta
New Chwang
TlrnUin
Amoy
Wonchow
ChtnKkiaog
Kaijzou
Jnpnu ...*
NicoloJefsk.<K.
72
74
8
9
2
6
1
6
1
11
o
M
1
81
Aastralia
New Zenland
South Africa. ....k
New York
VancoaTor
Ix>Qdon
Min passenger steamers ,
Put back ,
Total
1«
2
1
«
3
54
47
801
1
Importi and exporU helween Foochow and the United States for the year 1888.
The cnstoms retumfi sbow goods to the value of |636.84 imported from the United
States. If however, gather from the returus that of goods from the United States
there were received here last year :
ArticleB.
*
Exports.
Qaantity.
Talao.
fTeA ........-.......'...................
PottfUft.
4,460,406
$747. 877. 14
Stiiidriea............ .-^ -
8F5.44
— V
•
Total
748, 702. 58
^
6.647 pieces ilrills $17,782.80
8,338.23 picnls flour 13,088.23
64.22 piculs ginseng 80,609.10
172,660 gnllons kerosene '. 87,102.00
TotAl M;482.M
United States Consulate,
FooohoWf March 30, 1889.
J. C. A. WiNOATK,
ConnL
NEW CHWANG.
RKPOBT Br yJOE CONSUL BANDINBL,
IMPOSTS.
There has been an increase in the following goods, viz : American drills, which are
said to be of better quali^ than last year; \>-hite shirtings, which have takeu the
populur fsiMcy ; iiandkerchiefs and yarn, wbicli are firml.v established ns articles of
f^eueral consumption. In most other articles tliere is a decrease, owing to the floods.
Metals show ceuerally a decrease, owing to the same ciuhc, and thongh there i8 an
increase in old iron and tin-plftte, importero hAve been unable to dispose of their otooka.
CONTINENT OF ASIA — f'UINA.
143
Bn^ar shown a decrease, partly dae to large stocks remaniinri: over from 1887, partly
to higher prices in the South. In suDdries tlicre lias p^enerally been a decretise, ow-
ing to the disastroas iunndations. It is satisfactory to nolo that there has been a
great Increase in kerosene oil, window-glass, and matches. Sea-weed, also, has been
largely imported to take the place of tlie mined crops of vegetables. In woolen
goods there has been a great increase iu Italian cloth, aud but little alteration in other
descriptions.
EXPORTS.
There has been a decrease in the following articles, viz : Fruit and pearl barley, the
crops of which were deficient; prawns and fish, which werescarce and dear; silk, which
was injured by drought and floods. There was, also, a decrease in the value of skins,
tliongh an actual increase in the quantity exported.
There has been an increasein the following articles, vis : Liquorice and tobacco-leaf,
which are very cheap, owing to the good crops in 1887 : cocoons, for which there was
a great demand in France ; beans and uastor-oil, for wnioh there was a great demand
in South China.
NAVIGATION.
The ice broke np on the 2'2d of March, and the first steamer arrived on the 25th, but
DO sailing vessel before the 1st of April. The last steamer and the last sailing vessel
left on the 24th November. Ice first appeared in quantity on the 23d November, and
the river froze across on the 2d of January.
The figures given in the tables which follow, show, when compared with those of
1887, an increase in steamers of 19 vessels and 16,160 tons, and a decrease in sailing
vessels of 14 vessels and 5,539 tons, being a total Increase of 5 vessels and 11,621 tons.
Two charters were efifected at -this port, although at times there was an active in-
quiry for tonnage. It is worthy of note that an unusually large number of steamers
(principally German) were under monthly charter to Chinese.
Business was very good in spring, quiet in sununer, and dull in the fall.
The ill effects of the floods will probably be more apparent In the figures for 1889.
J. J. FRKDKRIGK ^ANOINBL,
Vio^CoMuL
YlGB-CONSUULTB OF THE UNITED STATES,
New CKwang, March 22, 1889.
Jmporti at Newchwang for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Boflcription.
Cotton goods I
CliiiitMB piQces..
Drillit-
Anjerican do....
Eii;;1ish do
H.ind kerchiefs dozous..
Joans —
American *. pieces..
English do....
I.>Aflting8 do —
llahoiuedans' do....
Monqaito netting do
Muslins do....
Nankeens pounds..
Sbeetinjc»—
American pieces..
English ' do....
Bbirtinf^s —
Dyed \ ••.... do
Grav do....
White do....
T-doths do —
Thread .' .....pounds..
Turkey-red cloths pieces..
Twills, dyed do —
VelTets* do....
Velveteens do
Yarn pounds..
Unclassed : pieois..
Metats:
Copper t
Chinese • pounds..
Japan • * ..•,.,..,. 4o....
Quantity.
10,366
103, 148
34, 780
58,236
560
700
16, 333
1,628
2,551
4,236
2U,101
191, 100
36^405
Value
entered.
$15,000
262,806
84,078
21,925
1,017
1,260
43.893
4.387
2,895
2,103
4,867
608.111
84,129
12,535
80,787
83,921
116, 400
32, 578
48,940
54.839
00,506
l,4il
680
7,794
12,776
5,404
8,098
882
2,298
2,740
14,036
0.436,667
826, 171
3,095
6,540
440
158
io,ao4
1,183
144
COBfMBBCIAL RELATIONS.
Tmporta at Newehwat fjor the jf$ar ending Deo9mb0r 31, 1886— <!/ontSiiiied.
DMcriptioii.
Kctals— Continued.
ManaTncttired pcmnda..
' Sheathing : do....
Iron:
Bar ....do....
Hoop do....
Nailrod ,. do
Kalla : «...do....
Old do..,
Platen and aheets ....do..
Wiie « • do....
Lead ............................................................. do....
finlcksilver do
teel:
Chinese do....
Foreign do....
Tin. ....do
Tinpjatea do
Yellow metal do....
White metal:
CliloMe r. poonda..
Foreien do....
Unclataea ^ do —
Oplnm :
Benares do
Boiled do....
Mftlwikh ....do
Patna do....
Sugar :
Brown.. ....... a........ do....
Candy do...
White : do
Sondriea t
Bags:
Gnnny pieces..
Straw do»...
BeohedeMer .^.poanda..
Betel nuto .'....do...
Birda-neats do
Brass buttons t
Chinese do
Foreign gross..
Pipes pieces..
Brass ware pounds..
Camphor, Japan do....
Cardamoms do....
Chlnaware, Japan do....
Clocks pieces..
Coal:
Chinese tons..
Japanese do....
Cotton, raw pounds..
Byes A value..
Fruits fresh pounds..
Isinglass 2 ...do
licad:
Ked yalae..
White do....
Yellow do
Matches gross..
KeetUes > mllie..
Oil, kerosene gallons..
Oil. wood ...do —
Opium lamps pieoes..
Paints :
Chinese pounds...
Foreign do....
Paper:
First onallty pounds..
Seoona quality do....
Joss do —
Pepper, black do
Putchak do
Ral»ins do
.do
llico
Itice, red do ..
Sapanw«>od do ..
SoA'Weed :
First auality do...
Seoona quality do...
Silk caps ^. pieces..
Quaaftity.
Ml
41.7^0
1,028,043
«M.88t
1,084.220
7.200
18,860,850
180,857
188,407
85.067
7,651
70,800
231,015
87,110
841,888
80,184
81172
27,700
38^872
2,400
24
11,000
1,800
18,858^210
74M84
4,268,800
2,780
603,825
0.008
222,100
216
08.106
87.000
• 6.810
26.871
12,676
27,777
133.568
4.082
820
416
3,660,281
153,444
31, 175
100,048
135.700
80,018
44,575
12,056
167,402
44,645
821,009
475.200
350,825
224, 336
10. 101
65.-), 910
2,014. 12D
02. 5'JO
352,664
581,961
0,102,633
1^812
Talne
entersd.
0734
73,788
15,462
4,348
86.010
116
130,754
3. 121
4,620
1,209
8,856
4,074
6,164
10.458
12,511
4,084
4,718
0,310
2,430
7,488
216
45.034
5,465
278,690
87,136
168.741
847
lfiv288
1,W
8,126
1.527
26.254
16,993
2,71?
4,610
1,725
6,637
6,456
8,274
1,380
2.355
287,641
61,880
1.776
4,040
1.B90
13,773
4.801
88.290
17,216
12,074
17. €02
2,470
1,508
4,850
63,816
15^838
41,329
27,604
1,908
80.039
28,032
5.004
5.3(^8
a 403
86.801
8,486
CONTINENT OF ASIA— CHINA.
145
Impcrti at Ntwckwamg for ik$ jftair mMng D€o$mb§r 31, 1888— Continued.
Deseriptkm.
QOADli^.
Valae
•nUred.
SaDdries— Con tinned.
8ilk and eotton mixtnrefl ponnds..
Silk piece good*... ^ do....
8ilk ribbons do
Bttkthreftd do....
Chlneee.
ToA
.pieoes..
...do...
Chiafw >.....» ponnds.,
Jknaaeee ^ do...
Tinfou • 4 do...,
Tobsoco^ prepared ponnda..
Tnitnerie. ........... ............ •«...■•>•«•.•.........•...••••.. do.«..
Umbrellas:
Chinese pieoes..
Foreign do....
Vermilion pounds..
Watebee m pieoes..
Window ffiass .mnes..
Worm table&s • — Rosens..
Woolen goods:
Blankets • pairs..
Camlets: \
Dntoh • pieoes..
Engilsb — do....
Clotb:
Broad .•• do....
Italian do....
IhiBalsii « do —
Flannels .•••... .— • .....do —
Lastlncs do —
Long ells do....
Lusters and Orleanst plain do....
Spanisb stripes do
Woolen so&doottim mixtures. do.
liexicaik doUafs ,
SUTerbnllioB
Tolal
144,137
1,247
17,408
85,704
64,848
112,018
18,560
766^860
682,980
65,060
17,266
27,208
604
61666
1^888
112
110
1^220
2
8,710
1,864
88
14178
8,840
1,607
1,026
1,082
18,610
887,204
2,470
5,680
4,111
81,606
7,258
.8,664
3,448
87, 179
18,468
6,882
6,804
18,252
3,085
20.088
2,464
266
1.880
18,226
9
18,018
18,261
504
102,952
18,321
7,010
7.600
8,760
8,676
804,168
6,618,217
Exports from Nmekwangfor the year okding Deoemher 31, 1888.
Almonds • '. ponnds..
Barley, pearl .' do
Beaaoakes p do....
Beans do....
Bones, eow do....
Bristle's, pig's ^. do....
Bates. red .V.. ..: do....
Deer nomsi
Old do —
Toong « pair..
flsb bones ......••.. pounds..
Fisb, salt do —
Fruit, ftesh do —
Fongiis... ...■......•.•.•..•..«••.•...•.••.•......•.•••..••.....>.. ...do....
Ginseng: *
Conao do....
KatlTO do....
Wild do....
Gold bars ^
Hides pounds..
Uquorioe do....
Medieine ............do....
Melon seeds do....
Mushrooms do —
Mosk •.••.•• do....
Kuts do....
OU:
Beaa gallons..
Castor do —
Befose do —
Prawns and shrimps^ dried • pounds..
Samshu gallons..
Seasamumseed pounds..
SUk.wild:
Cocoons do....
10611 O
72,066
164,076
248,684,600
858,476^720
826,667
25,651
182,061
4,087
1,607
2,912
102.119
667,900
61,866
174.780
275
17,789
270,732
1,919.000
3^886,020
15,391
223,207
184,494
4,647
8,197
1.046,872
186^766
50,400
886,824
$1,899
6^747
1,794,016
8.887,038
8,497
7,064
1,807
913
66,484
2,226
i,oao
6,226
4,969
2,440,608
1,287,404
16,903
I88»581
702
5,568
68,976
60,5U4
4.855
9.146
6,570
48»496
1,532
283
18,110
60,481
957
63.979
146 COSIMERCIAL BELATIONS.
ExjforUfr^m Newchwangfor the jftar ending Jhoembei* 31, 1888 — Continned.
Deeoriptioii«
SOk^ld— CoDiioaed.
Raw..
.^ pmindi
do..
Refaia....
8ilT«r balUon
Slnewi, deer and oow pounds.
8klne
Stone (inliBTiorJade) poanda.
Tobeocoleaf do...
Vermicelli • do...
Wax, yellow do...
Wool^aheep , do...
Total.
Quantity.
748,767
388,689
107.870
342,544
063.181
04,172
21,401
17,138
Yalne
entered.
$548,271
S4,sa9
857,271
10,183
174,022
8.734
29,047
8,008
4,425
m
10,607.751
NavigaiMn ai the pert of New Ch¥>ang, Chinig, for the year ending Decern^ 31, 1888.
1^.
Entered.
deaied.
Steamera.
Sailing Toaaela.
Steamera.
SailiBC Teaaela.
BrItIA
ifo.
119
88
68
a
Tom,
104,601
80,487
48,570
880
JITo.
40
Ton$.
18^161
110
38
68
8
Tom.
104,601
80.487
42^570
880
40
2
TomM.
18,101
Chineae
Oerman •
88
2
12,685
1.291
12,585
1.291
Swedish and Korwegian
Total
887
178^488
80
82,037
227
178»488
80
82; 037
TAMSUI AND KEEIiUNG, *
Importe at Tameui and Keelungfor the year ending December 31, 1888.
Deeoriptlon.
Qplnmi
Benarea ..poande.
Persian do..
Turkey do..
Cotton goods:
Gray sbirtlogs
White shirtings
T-cloths
Sheetingn:
Bnglish s
American
American drills
Turkey reds
Bombay yarn
Woolen goods i
Camlets
Lastings
Long ells
Spanish stripes
lintals:
Iron bars
Tin in slabs
Pig-iron
Lead in pigs
Tellow metal
Cement
Clocks
Flour
Quantity.
60.200
a, vOO
191,060
Ginseng, Amr. clarified
Machinery
MiiDitionsof war
Kemseneoil
Bail way material
Value
entered.
1177,880
8,875
669,067
^^82.682
•^68.207
6,008
120
1,426
157
2.708
8,876
81,060
18.2.50
11.877
5,608
10,006
5,628
8,542
66,295
9.048
45,981
1.840
21,150
tooo
30.284
412,780
70,223
188.410
Amount of
dutiea.
$167.84
646.80
46^843.22
8,461.46
209.84
1,966100
64.00
67.00
16.00
641.60
27.87
165.00
19.80
82.16
6a 90
864.60
16.68
438.67
a»8sa.ao
88.48
% 196. 20
268.00
i 230. 00
376i00
6,058.40
82,556.00
15. 224. 60
37,842.00
Conntriea whenos
imported.
India.
Persia.
Turkey.
Bnclaa^
Do.
Bo.
Amerii
Do.
Bngland.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Dow
Do.
Da
Dow
Do.
Amerioik
Chinn.
America.
England.
Do.
America.
England.
CONTINENT OF ASIA— CHINA. 147
Ejq^crUfrcm TatMiil and Keelungfor the jft&r 0i^d4mg i>oooNk(cr 31, 1888.
DMcriptton.
CiuDphor • poonds.
CcmU
Hmdp
Boms
LMthOT.
lUoe
Sugar:
Brewtt
White
Snlphor
Te*
Timber :
Flank, hard-wood
Qnaiitl^.
883,008
▼alniL hi-
diidfaig
DatloB.
ConntriM whither
ooate and
ez^^rted.'
ohargea.
•
028, IM
08,154.00
Hong-Kong.
80^884
100,560.00
China porla.
1,006
400.00
Do.
171
878.00
Do.
8,451
279.00
Do.
7,539
938.00
Do.
0^909
440.50
Do.
1,158
OwOO
Do.
i018
1,697.80
Do.
981
808.00
Da
18.110
Gcnremmenii
8,410,540
888^800.00
t7.S.,TlaAnio7.
1,985
884.00
China ports.
5,700
....a. .....'.
Do.
NmoigaHon at ike port of Tammi and KetHwng for <ko yoor etUSImg Deemkber 31, 1888.
Hag.
Balend.
ClearBd.
Btoamen.
Sailing iresisls.
StoanierB.
Sailing Teasels.
Vrftieh...... ,
JTo.
70
-S
4x1,801
9.089
7.507
Jfo.
18
10
......
1
fbns.
7,877
8,809
"" i,'027"
189
Jfo.
70
28
18
2biM,
44,604
9.905-
7.587
JTo.
11
10
7,018
GmmaB
8,810
Chinese.. ............. .............
Aneriean. .............. ...........
1
1,027
DatfOh .............................
T6tal
104
01,487
24
12,502
100
02.000
22
11,850
T. G. GOWLAKD,
Com tUar Agent,
Unitxd Statbs Consular Aokwgt,
Tamem and Keelnag, 1689.
148
COMMEBOIAL. RELAHONB.
JAPAN.
THE JAPANESE BUDGET.
TRANaMITTMD Bt MINISTER HUBBARD.
(TmMlfttl(m.l
We hereby ffire oar sanotfon to the Budget of revenne and exp^nditare for the
tventy-eeoonOiMal year of Meiji and order it to be promulgated.
(His Imperial Majesty's Sign-Manual.)
(PrlTy »eal.)
Dated the 5th day of the third month of the twenty-seeond year of Me^L
Countersigiied by
Count KURODA KlYOTAKA,
/ Minuter Prmidmi of State,
Count Matsuoata Masayoshi,
Minuter of State for FUumoe.
IMPBBIAL ObDIMANCB No. 23.
Art. 1. The total amount of the revenue for the twenty-sesond fiscal ye«r of MeiJi
is hereby fixed at 76,600,185.234 yen, and that of the expenditure at 76,596.312.759
yen : and the receipts and expenditures under the various headings of the Budget are
nxen as follows:
Art. 2. The maximum amount of treasury bills to be issued in the twenty-second
fiscal year of Me^i shall be 13,000,000 yen.
TiMeeHmatee of rwemu and expenditure for the twentjf'$eoondJl$oaljfear of Me{iH19tjS^-W),
BSYBNUX.
OBDmABT aiTlllUB.
Abt. l.-*-Tax6«:
1. Lsodtttz
S. Inoone tez
8. Tax on SsM brewing
4. Tax on yeast
5. Tazontobeooo
0. Stsmpdntieo
7. Tftxon A^M»
9, Tax on oonfeotionery
9. Tax on exportation of apir*
its from Olciniwa prefect*
nre
10 Tax on rice exobaoges ....
1 1 . Tax 00 stock exrhanseo. . .
IS. Tax on natioual banks
13. Tax on patent medicines . .
14. Tax on boats or sbips
15. Tax on Tebiolea
10. Tax on wei^bts and meas*
17.
1&
JO.
20.
21.
Rents of mines
Tax on tbe marine products
of Hokkaido
ShootiBK licenses
Horse and cattle dealers*
licenses
Castomadntlea •.
42,248,081.249
1,058,400.986
14,407,438.100
26,110.000
1,492,809^586
613. 062. 800
1,215,253.600
S83,eil.0.'»
80.975.000
69,76L643
90, 615. 000
221^850.000
422, 577. 275
2.57, 85& 406
560, 008. 484
2,290.071
80, 403. 247
216, 61& 557
66^ 643. 2.*^)
60,0>1.I90
4, 105, 542. 191
ToUl 67,870,755.816
Abt. 2.— Licenses and fees :
1. Licences 13,645.000
2. Fees 1,899,748.329
Total 1.413,30:1.323
OBDiHABT RBTsmni-'Ooiittnaed.
Abt. 8.— Receipts from Ooyem-
ment indnatoiea and
properties:
1. Sale of tbe Official Gaiette.
2. Sundry receipts of custom*
bouses
8. Receipts fh»m industries ..
4. Rerenue from forests
5. Postal and telcKrapbio re-
998^809.000
87,976.255
4» 08a 200
684^496.092
ceipts 8,456,556.085
218,276.273
1,467.387
44,208.000
6. Receipts from conviot
labor
7. Profits from mines ..«».....
& I'roflts fh>m sbip buildinx
9. Profits from Karatsu coal
mine 6,397.957
10. Prodto from i ailways 1, 022, 691. 000
X\. Rents and sales of Oovem-
mentproperty 950,989.930
Total 5.989,855.109
Abt. 4.— Misoellaneoos receipts:
1. Fines and forfeitures......
2. Indemnities .^.....
3. Suudry receipts
416. 413. 410
12,516.770
11,606.931
Total. 440,627.111
Total of ordinary rerenne . . 75, 7 14, 131. 455
bxtbaobdinabt bbvbxub.
Abt. 1.— Repayment of ^orem-
ment advances :
I. Repayment of Government
atlvauces
"»7, 307. 765
CONTHIENT OF A8U — ^JAPAN.
149
Eitimatet ofrwenue and expenditure for the twenty-Beoondfleeal year fete, — ^Continned.
REVEKUEoContinoed.
smuoiiDiXABT RiTBHUB— «oiitina«cL
Art. 2.<— DoniitioD« :
1. D(>n«tiona for the o<NMt-de-
f«*nse fund 1..
2. DonaiiojiH for p4ia*al nod
U-ItfgnLphic fuuil
Totol.
S. — Salei of Gorcrniaent
properties:
1. iDatnllment of Mle of Ani
Mino
2. IimtaUraent of sale of Innai
Mine
Ten,
235, OM. 014
IS, 282. 000
260,448.014
BXTEAORDmA.BT RSVBIUI— OOBtllined.
Art. &— Sftlee of Government
propertiee— Continued.
8. IniitiillmcotofaaleofMlik*
Mine..
Ten,
253, »2& 000
Total.
278.625.U00
ORDDTART RXPRXDITURR.
Part I. ,
Art. 4.— a mount transferred flrom
la$t fiscal veer:
1. Donations for tue ooaat-de>
ft-nsefund 68,773.000
18, 800. 000 Total of ex raotdinary reve-
nue 886.063.770
6^887.000 Orand total of revenue 78.000.185.234
EXPENDITUBB.
ORDTVART RZPIXDITURR— continued.
Art. 1.— Bxpenaos^ of imperial ^
household 3,000.000.000
Akt. 2.-^xpenditure for shrines 252. 220. 000
Art. 3.— National dt^bt :
1. Redemption of the national
debt 4.000,560.513
2. Interest od national debt . . 14, 010, 385. 515
& fee on national debt 00, 044. 972
Total 20.000,000.000
Art. A— Annuitiee,iMaalons, and
allowanoee :
L Annuities for meritorious
aervioe
2. Pensions to oivll officers . .
3. Pensions to military offi-
cers ^
A Pensions to naval officers..
6. Allowances granted in the
(^inawa prefecture
Total
140, 117. 000
105, 638. 618
200, 714. 033
26, 315. 515
154, 840. 543
627. 684. 709
Art. 6.— AJarles of officers not in
aetual service.
L Salaries of offioerx not In
actual service prior to the
twentv-flrst fiscal year. . 203, 778. 000
ART.. 6.— Fund fur the relief of
afcrionltural distress. 1,200,000.000
Total af Parti 23.283.632.709
.Past II.
ExpendUuf in the eabinsL
Art. 1.— The cabinet :
1. Salaries and allowanoee . . .
2. Ofllee expenses
8. Traveling expenses
4. Bepalrsandoonstructions.
5. Xxpensea of Official Ga-
sette
6. Rewards
7. Confidential service ex-
Total.
245,0OL00O
55,058.000
15,650.000
9,125.000
110,226.600
18,266.000
74, 450. 000
528,676.000
S»ptnd^ur€§ in privy oouncH.
Ajn. L — ^The prlyv council :
1. Salaries and allowances . ..
3. Office expenses ...•• •
3. Traveling expenses
4. Repairs and constructions.
TMal ......^
03.6M.000
12.046.000
8,000.000
s,ooaooo
111.681.000
E^qpendihtnt in th§ 2>epartmtni qf Foreign Af-
/owt.
Art. 1.— The department proper:
1. Salariee and allowances...
2. Office expenses •
3. Traveling expenses
4. Repairs and constructions.
5. Expenses for entertain-
ments
Total
Art. 2.— Legations and consul-
ates:
1. Salaries and allowaBOM....
2. Office expenses
8. Traveling expenses
4. Repairs and constructious.
5. Coufidentlal service ex-
penses
6. Expenses fbr entertain-
ments
7. E xponaee for trials and ^ds-
oners
8. Expenses for police in the
Japanese settlement of
Korea
0. Expenses for students
abroad
10. Aid to the hospitals for the
Japanese settlement In
Korea
11. Fund for the relief of
distressed subjeo ts
abroad
12. Expense of transmisaioB
of^ telegrams
13. Expenses of burial plaoos
abroad
iSitsl "
Total of the depai tmcnt
for foreign anairs ....
126. 847. 000
28.321.000
7.M97.000
6^000.000
8,000.000
171,065.000
441, 339. 000
110.(183.000
31.429.000
5,989. IIU
41.000.000
10, 000. 000
1,68a 000
19,274.000
13,878.000
2.060.00D
1.000.000
7,000.000
250.000
684,988.119
856^ 054. 119
SxpenMlmiru €(f ike DepQirtaCent of Home A f aire.
Art. 1.— The department proper:
1. Salaries and allowances ...
2. Office expenses
3. Traveling expenses. ......
4. Repairs and eonstmotions.
6. Confldentlsl service ez-
ponses
6. Expenses for the sanitary
laboratory
7. Expenses for central sani-
tairy meeting
8. Expenses for the preserva-
tion of old temples and
shrines......
264, 126. 158
58. 027.501
28,104.000
9.063.000
150, 000. 000
32,584,808
8,571.200
10,000.000
Total..
550,536.667
150
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
E$iimate9 ofvwenue and
re f¥r tt« immtifi 9€eon4 Jboat ymr, efe. — Continued.
XZPBKDITURK— CoBtiiiiMd.
OnmiART SXPSKDRTTIB— «OlltlB1IOd.
Past n— QaBtfaiiiod.
CoaUaiwd.
Abt.
1.
2.
8.
4.
ftw
S.— Bspendltare for tho ftte>
tiona of oTeraeein g
pablio worka :
SaIjuim tmd allowuioM . . .
Offloo oxpeiMM
TnveliiiK ezpoBSM
Bepalrt tmd eoDttrooUona.
£xpeD8M for aarrttyimg. . .
Total
8— KxpoBiea for poniten-
tUry:
1. Solarioa and allowanoea...
3. OflBoe ozponaeo
8. Trareling expenaea
4. Repalra and oonatructlona.
6. Cooricta' ezpenaea
9, CoiiTiota'ezpaiiaeainelUea
•ndprAfee^iM
Totel
AST. 4. — Bxp«iiditiireaiiitheinet>
ropoUtan police offloe :
1. Balarlea and auowaooea ...
5. OtBoeexpenaea
t. TraTelinK expenaea
4. Repaira and oonatnictiona.
6. Bowaida
8. Kxpenaea for inapeotlnx tba
foreign aetUeoient in To>
kio
7. Police ezpenaea for the
aeven lalanda of Idsn
8. Bxpenaeaforapeoialgiiatda
Total
An. 5.— Bxpenaea of Fn A Ken :
1. Salariea and allowanoea . . . .
2. OfBoe expenaea
8. Travelinj; expenaea
4. Expenaea for enliatment. ..
ft. Rewarda and reliefa
8. Expenaea for ahipwreoka..
7. Expenaea for marinera ....
8. Expenaea for inapecting the
foreign aettlemente
9. Expenaea for the keeping of
the place to prerent and
deatroy peatilence, and of
the Lasar honae
10. Expenae for repair and oott'
atmotion of pablio worka.
11. Local expenaea of Ogaaa*
waraialaada
18. Local expenaea of the 01d>
aawa Ken (pr6feotnre). ..
18. Local police expenaea of
Tanahima ialanda
14. Loeal police ezpenaea of
Oahima
18. Expenaea to aid the indoa-
tnea for the Okinawa ahi>
aokn
16. Partial expenaea for poliee
of Fa and Ken
Total
Total of the dopart-
ment of home aflUira .
Ten,
106,888.073
11,617.087
82,880.840
1,244.000
2,6oaooo
168t000.000
121.824.266
87.47&612
11,780.005
19^872.410
281,02L78B
47.
468,202.828
288;07&000
81.08a 000
8,708.000
8,770.000
200.000
8,80t000
1,580.000
87.888.000
882^664.000
2,600,160.000
815, 686. 000
468t82a000
188,080.000
101,780.000
861000
816.000
81,768.006
2,472.000
86^646.000
8,818.000
178,181.000
8, 140. 000
8,2S&000
82&000
801,666.014
4,0«5,741.414
6, 603. 094. 009
omDiMAMY BZPnn>rnn»— ooBtlnned.
Past n-OMtiBoed.
Jayw^Nitu ^ ths DtfmrimmU ^
Abt. 1.— The department proper:
1. Salarieaand allowaaoet...
2. (Mice ezpenaea... •....••••
8. Traveling ezpenaea
4. BepairaandcanatmctioBa.
6. Ezpenaeain connection
with the eolBa of tho
realm
6. Ezpenaea for printing
atampa, etc., and reoeiT-
iagtaeaaaie, eto
ran.
417.488.000
06b733.0U0
61,887.000
1^500.800
Slik €761000
86,66&000
T6tal .J, 1,18<|8L90Q0
Abt. 2.~Cn8tom-hdaae:
1. Salarieaand allowanoea...
2. Offioeezpenaea
8. Traveling ezpenaea
4. Repalra and oonatractiona.
6. Amount for artlclea of an
ad falorem duty, taken
orer.
148^664.000
81.208.000
4.051.000
10,187.000
720.000
Total
19^1701000
Abt. 8.— Ezpenaea for ooBeeling
home tazea :
1. Salariea and allowanoea ... Oil; 007. 000
1 Offlceezpenaea 172,012.000
8. Traveling ezpenaea 668,880.000
Total 1,748; 878. 000
Art. 4.— Appropriation to ftiod
for foreata :
1. Appropriation for fond for
foreata .
681,780.000
Abt. 5.— Fnnda for rapaymenta
and loeaea :
1. Forrefanding 148,640.000
2. For filling np looaaa 21,078.000
Total 168; 715. 000
Total of the depart-
ment of flnanoa 8, 870, 872. 000
AqpaniUlMffwt In Ilka war dqMWtmant
Abt. 1.— The department proper:
1. Salarieaand allowanoea....
2. Office expenaea V
8. Trayeling expenaea
4. Repaira and conatmetioBa.
5. Ezpenaea for clothing
6. Expenaea for boraea.......
174,443.886
38,722.000
28; 096. 206
1,888.261
2,006.945
840.000
Total.
Abt. 2.— Military ezpenaea :
1. Salarieaand allowanoea...
2. Offlceezpenaea
8. Traveling expenaea
4. Repalra and oonatmotloiia.
6. Cod Aden tial aervice ez-
penaea
6. Expenaea for arma and am-
mnnitiona
7. Expenaea for provlatona. ..
8. Expenaea for oloihing
9. Expenaea for horaea.
10. Expenaea for medioamenta
11. Expenaea for anrveylog....
12. Expenaea for maneovera
and drilla
246,881.800
iS86.2S6L735
681,882.219
882,682.060
662,20&342
4,870.^20
1,18% 881 208
1,54^748.488
1.745.848.804
SU. 820. 806
80.817.168
165,80X884
878;
760
CONTINENT OP ASIA — ^JAPAN.
151
£sHmai€9 of revenue and expenditure for ike iwenhf'BeoondJlecal year, etc — Continned.
SXPEKBITUBZ-Ctfntiniied.
OBDUfABT KXPnTDrruRi— continaad.
Pabt II— Gontinaed.
in Otf war
Art. 2.»M iliUrvezpenco*— ^on-
tinaea. .
13. SxpensM of guftrd« dnr-
. iBK the emperor's prog*
reee
14. Grant for tbeee aoldiers'
retnmiDK from servioe..
15. Zxpenaesfor prieoners....
l,aiS.OOQ
70.000
37,378.000
Total 11,682,703.838
Airr. 3.— SxpenaeaforgendMiBes:
1. Salarieeandiillowanoee
2. Oflloe expeDaee
3. Traveling expenses
4. BefMUrs and constmoiioDa.
A. Confidential serTioe ex-
6.
7.
8.
for elothtng. .
Bxpenaea for horses. ...
Szpensea for priaonera.
Total.
Total expenditarea In the
war department
238.00a635
38^05&4U8
2, 719. 600
7,088.400
7,200.000
IH, 133. 021
6,251.038
797.000
318|152.000
12,087,177.488
Maptnditurst in the navif dspdrtment
1. — ^The department proper :
1. SalarieM and allowancea ...
2. Offloe expensea
8. Trareling expenses
4. Repsdra and oonstmctiona.
223,094.250
30, 708^000
12,60&000
6,962.000
Total
282,867.260
3.
3.
4.
&
8.
7.
2.— Nary expensea:
1. Salaries and allowanoea...
Bxpensesfor food
Bnenses for clothing
Office expenses
Expenses for ships' and na-
ral porta* necessariea ....
Trareiing expenses
Expenses for maneuTera
and drills
Expenses for aims, ammu-
nitions, and torpedoes
Expensea for building and
repHiring men-of-war
Expenses for cadets
Ei^Mnses for medicaments
12. Expenses for prisoners....
13. Confidential service ex-
penses
14. Repairs and oonstractiona.
15. Expenses for relief
10.
IL
Total
Total expenditarea in the
navy department
1,078,488.720
684. 89L 030
317,408.000
360. OIL 000
876, 634. 000
161,233.000
10,000.000
786,808.000
600,000.000
88,187.000
42,608.000
8*420.000
12,200.000
107,663.000
188,017.000
6k813,843.1s0
6^606,000.000
Bxpenditwrtein the department t^ffuettee.
Art. L — ^The department proper;
L SalarSea and allowanoea....
2. Oflltoe expenaes
3. TraTeling expenaes
4. Eepalcaandeonstmotlona.
5. Expenses for studeoto
187,270.000
58, 074. 000
6,030.000
8, 120. 000
19.400.000
Total
268.794.000
OBDiXABT iznorDiTUBi-oontlnned.
Past tl— Oonttnaad.
in the d^MNtmanl^/uffiec— Cont'd.
2,200,622.000
474, 786. 000
13a634.004i
08,201.000
Abt. 2.— Expensea for aouita of
jnstioe:
1. Salaries and allowancea...
2. Office ex]>ensea
3. Traveling expenses
4. Repaira and constmotlona.
6. ExiMnsea for confidential
scurvice
6. Medical expensea
7. Expenses for registry of-
fices In GnnyiULusno or
Kochoyakuha....
1,620.000
1,600.000
8,883.000
Total 8.017,446.000
Total expenditurea in the '
department of Jnstioe . .. 3, 271, 240. 000
BtpendUwree in the department qf edueaHon.
AiT. 1.— The dei»artment propf»r:
L Salaries and allowancea
3. Offloe ex|>enses
8. Traveling expenses
4 Repairs and oonatmetions.
6. Expenses for Btndents
6. Expenses In oonneotioa
with the InternattoMd
Land Survey Society
188,647.000
28,904.000
12,00&000
18,200.000
28.870.000
600.000
Total
220,0261000
Abt. 2 — ^Institutions:
1. Expens.'S for Imperial Uni-
versity
2. Expenses for higher normal
BcnooL
3. Expenses for academies ..
4. Expenses for higher com-
mercialschool
5. Expenses for Tokio school
of arts
6. Expenses for higher female
school
7. Expenses for Tokio school
of fine arts
8. Expensea for Tokio Bed!-
CM school
836*006^000
67.000.000
201,648.000
84^026.060
82; 082. 000
8^722.000
17,600.060
%721000
Total
786.706.000
Total expenditurea in the
department of education . 1, 007, 682. 060
Xaopendituret in the agrimdtural and eemmereial
d^rtment.
Abt. 1.— The depattment propers
1. Salaries and allowancea...
2. Offloe expenses
8. Traveling expenses.
4. Repairs and oonstmetlona.
6. Expenses for experiments.
8. Expenses for the college of
agrlcultore and dendrol-
ogy
268,100.026
73,068.685
87,668.870
6,620.000
28^765.420
71,000l00O
Total
471,202.000
Sxpenditnree 4» the department ^ eomiminiMi-
(MMI.
Abt. 1 — The department proper:
L Saladea and allowanoea...
2. Offloe expenses
3. Traveling expensea
208^144.000
62,053.000
15^007.000
152
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
£iiimate$ of revenue and expenditure for Ike tweniff-eeoond fiscal year, etc.— Continiied.
■XPBl^ITnilS-^GoBtfaiiiod.
OBDOIART ■XPIHDlTUBS-^OntlBIMd.
Past U-JCmatinued.
XapendUurei In the dtpertment ^f toinwuiilaa'
fiofi— ContinaML
AST. i:— The d^pAitment proper
«— GouUnued. T^n.
4. RepAfnADdooDfttrootioDi. Itf^TMLOOO
A. SzpeosM for Mtablishing
lifht'lioiuM, iight*thip«,
eto 47,031000
€. EzpensM for DAaticftl
■^aools • 10,198.000
Total
460,214.000
'. 1.— BzpeDiM for oomnnni-
options.
1. Salaries and allowaaoea. ..
2. OffioeezponMea
8. TraTOllng exiMnaea
4. Bepainaudoonatructlona.
0. Ezponaes for condooting
commnnioatlona
OL Bxpeoaea for Tokio t«le*
gn^hsohool
780,180.000
S05.221.000
88,063.000
00,861.009
2,100,88&000
H800.000
Total
Total expenditure* in the
departmentofoomaiaaloa-
tions
8,270,888.000
8,748,837.000
JS3BpendUwr$Hn ihe $$naie.
AST. I.— The Senate:
1. Salarieaand allowanoea ...
2. Office expenaes •
3. TraTeling expenaea
4. Repairs and oonstroeUona.
800,491.000
7, OIL 000
100.000
879 000
Total.
8O7,96L000
Bsipendituret <n ths board qf audit
Art. 1.— The board of andit:
1. Salaries and allowanoea....
2. Office expenses •••
3. Travelinif expenaea
4. Repairs and oonstmctions.
80.234.700
8^006.210
3.400
000
Total 02;44L000
MhpendUurti in raHkoanf ofUe,
AST. !.•— The railway office :
1. Salaries and allowances ... IS, 402. 560
2. Office expenses 1,807.450
3. Trayeling expenses ....... 1, 500. 000
4. Repairs and constmotions. 850. 000
6. Expenses for studento 258.000
Total 18,768.000
ExpendiiureMin Bokkaido (JKe,
AST. 1.— The Hokkaido Cho :
1. Salaries and allowanoea ...
Office expenses
Traveling expenses
Repairs and constructions
and engineering works..
Rewards and relief "
6. Expenses for wrecked-
snipa and seamen
7. Exi>enseti for treatment of
mariners
8. Expenses for undertakings
in Hokkaido. •••■•• . . .•••
8.
8.
4.
5.
171. 360. 612
84.846.282
43.553.787
2,730.842
4,667.775
210.000
37a 000
878,500.000
OSDDIAST SXPBIIPITUBS— conttnned.
Past n— Gontinned.
Mapendiiurm In Hokkaido Cfts— OoBttevad.
AST. l.—The Hokkaido Cho—
tyontlnned.
9. Expenses Ikir pnrohase of
land .....^..
10. Expenses tor the Tonden-
hei proper. •
11. Expenses for prisoners
13. Expenses for agrlenltotal
college
18. Expenses for disinfectini;
stations and epidemic hos-
pitals at Hakodate
14. Subsidies for the expensea
of waterworks at Hoko-
date
16. Aids to the expenses of
nsvigation In Hokknido. .
16. Aids to local expenses ....
17. Funds placed in reserve...
Ten.
1,500.000
281, 47a 609
8281888.829
28,966.000
25^000.000
1,600.000
445, 92a 130
80,000.000
Total 2,190.601.271
Total of Part n 40,707,257.737
Total of ordinary ez-
penditareo ^65.800,880.446
■ZTBAOBpnrAST BXPSSDITUBB.
Satpondiiuroe in the department ei Aoms a|Mrt.
AST.
1.
4.
6.
7.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
1.— Expenses for the
bankment of rivers:
Expenaea for the embank-
ment of Tonegawa
Expeoaes for the embank*
ment of Fujikawa
Expenses for the embank-
ment of Tenriugawa
Expenses for tbe embank-
mentof Oigawa
Expenses for the embank-
ment of Kitakamigawa..
Expenses for the embank-
ment of liogamigawa . . .
Expenses for the embank-
meot of Oknmsfawa ....
Expenses for the embank-
ment of Shinanogawa .. .
Expenses for ths embank-
ment of Aganogawa
Expenses for the embank-
ment of Shogawa
Expenses for repairs and
s sand protection of Todo-
gawa
Expenses for the embank-
ment of Klsogawa .......
Expenses for the embank-
ment of Yoshinogawa . . .
Expenses for the embank-
ment of Chikugagawa. ..
85^000.000
68;425l000
42,600.000
600.000
42,8601000
68^600.008
68a 080
127,823.800
600.000
600.008
81,860.000
140,746^886
194,280.914
80,874.900
Total
796^000.000
Abt. 2. — Subsidies to the expenses
of engineering works :
1. Aids to the expenses for
porta and wator« works . .
2. Aida to the expenses for re-
pairing roads
124,497.144
818,92&725
Total
443,862.869
1.
Abt. 3.-~Snpplementar7 expendi-
tures:
Aids to the expenses for
buUding the Tokio City ••
government office 60,53a4S5
Aids to the expenses for
navigation to Okinawa
Kan .^ 8^708.000
CONTINENT OP A8IA-^JA,PAN.
153
E9Hma1e8 of revenue and expenditure f9r the twentp-eeoond fleoal year, etc. — Con tinned.
EXPENDITUBS-Gontinned.
■XTRAORDIIf A.BT SXPKHDITUBB— ^ODtinned.
Past II— Continaed.
Exptndiiurt in th§ dtpartmmt ^hom§ afaSire^
Gontinned.
Akt
. 3. — Sapplementftry expend!-
tores— Coo tinued.
3. Aid« to the ozpensee for re*
constmotiog the penitoo*
tUffy ioHlogo Keo
Y€n.
20,000.000
Total
82.232.435
AST. 4. — ^Ezpeoaea of Fn aod Ken :
1. Sxpenaes for dredging the
portofKagMaki 18,518.3M
2. Bxpeoaea for recoiintrao*
non of Yokohama water*
worka «2,500.000
8. Bxpeoaea for opening road
to Idangahara in Taoa-
hima 81,647.131
4. Special polioe' expenae in
KoohS-Ken 3,000.000
Abt. Si^Bxpei
Total
_ »naea for trarel
ing, eapecially to for
eign conntriea
Abt. 6.—- Xxpenaea for office build*
ing Jingo Shrine:
1. Zxpenaeafor periodical
eonatrootion of Jingo
Shrine
Abt. 7.— Temporary b o i 1 d i n g
boreaa:
Building expenaea Of all de-
partmenta and Imperii^ Diet
8.-^Bepaira and conatmot-
iona:
1. Bxpeoaea for the repaira of
looma of Tokio penitentiary
Total expMiaea in the de*
partmeot of homo aflTaira X 083, 936, 809
111,285.525
87,988.040
ft
89,088.000
500,000.000
25,000.000
SaependUume in th§ d^partmmi ^jtnamu,
860,000.000
Abt. l.~*Fond for encoorage-
ment of indnatriea . . .
Art. 2. — ^Approprlationa to t h •
fond for tibe redemptioo of the
paper oorrenoy S,2S8,92&000
Akt. 3.— Sobaidiea :
1. Subaidy to the proflta of
Japan Railway Co . .^
2. Snbaidy vo Kyoaho Bail-
way
518,675.000
50,000.000
588^675.000
Total
Total expenaea in the de-
partment of finance 3,172,603.000
XstpmndUuiree in the var depart$n$nL
Art. 1.— Bxpenaea for temporary
fort bolldingboreau :
1. SalarieaandaUowanoea...
2. Office expenaea
8. Traveling expenaea
4. Repiaira and oonatrnctiooa
5. Bxpeoaea for elothine
0. Bzpenaea for eatablUhing
fort in Tokio Bay
7. Bxpenaea for eatabllahing
fort at Shimonoaeki
8. Bxpenaea for eatabliahing
/ort at Kitao Strait
89; 449. 332
6,755.792
2,677.126
1,060.000
319.122
176,300.000
130,000.000
8o,ooaooo
Totel*.
426.561.372
RXTRAORDmABT RZPBNDITUBB— «0Btlniied.
Part II— Goothroed.
EwpendUuret in th$ war d^pottiMnt— Coottnned.
Art. 2.— Bxpeoaea for maoofaot* Ten.
taring oaniiona 294,839.014
Art. 3. — Expenaea for arma, am-
ra a 11 ition, and military
afftfcira :
1. SalarieaandaUowanoea... 14,073.461
2. Office expenaea 63,080.000
3. Trareling expenaea 6. Oil. 528
4. Bxpenaea for dothing 120. 000
6. Bxpeoaea for horaea 200. 000
6. Bxpenaea for armaand am-
monition
Total
272.163.558
855,648.547
Art.4.— Bxpenaeaconnected with
apeoial miaaiona to for-
eign conntriea 15,710.296
Art. 5.— Kepairafor oonatmotiona:
1. Bxpenaea for oonatracting
the eavalry barraoka at
Osaka garriaon 47,170.685
2. Bzpenaea for oonatructing
the cavalry barracka at
Knmamoto guriaon 48, 633. 500
8. Expenaea for oonatmcting
the artillery barraoka M
the principal^ fort in
Tokio Bay 50,000.000
4. Expenaea for oonatmcting
toe barraoka of KohM
Tanahiraa 16,773.435
5. Expenaea for reoonatmct-
ing the headqnartera of
the Firat Regiment of In-
fantry 18.000.000
Total
186,577.620
Total expenaea in the war
department 1,273,336.849
Expendituru in the navy department.
Art. 1<— Expenaea for oonatruct*
mg men-of-war
Art. 2. — ^Expenaea for anna and
torpedoea
Art. 3.— Bxpenaea for engineer-
ing work :
1. Bxpenaea for eatabliahing
toe Yokohama naval ata-
tion
2. Expenaea for eatabliahing
the Kara naval atation..
8. Bxpenaea for eatabliahing
the Saaeho naval a'alion.
4. Bxpenaea for eatabliahing
the navid araenala
5. Bxpenaea for working the
coal minea of Ohlkasai. .
703,000.000
142; 000. 000
22,000.000
422,000.000
15,000.000
70,0001 000
80,000.000
Total
569,000.000
150, 000. 000
208.000
Art. 4.— Bxpenaea for indnatr^t
1. Bxpenaea for dock-yard . . .
Art. 5. — Fonda for boaineaa
Total expenditnrea in the
navy department 1, 664, 20|. 000
Xxpendituree in ihe department tfjuetSee.
Art. 1.— Expenaea for law inveati-
gation aervioe 84,568.000
Art. 2.— ^Sobaidiea :
L Aide to the expenaea of law
aehoola .m...... 81^000.000
164
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the tieent^f-eecond Jteeal year^ ete, — Continued.
£XrSNDm7RK>Continaed.
KXTRAOUDtMAUY IXPSHDITUBB— OOntinued.
Past II— Continned.
BiipmdUwru in ths dtportment €/ fuHie* Con-
tinned.
Abt.3.— ReiMin nnd oonatnio«
tiona:
1. Bzpeuse« for conatmetlni;
tbe conrt of CMsation of
Obaka
2, Expenses for oonatmcting
the cOart of Hiromajo. . .
8. Axpenaea for oonatmctinff
the conrt fn Otan . . •
4. Bxpenaea for oonatmcting
tne conrt in Matauye. . . .
fi. Bxpenaea for const ructing
tne conrt in Yokoliama. .
Ten.
88»000.000
28. 164. 000
19,050.000
10,748.000
18.542.000
Total
118, 306. 000
Total expenAitorea in the
department of jnatioe 180, 864. 000
Expendituret in tii§ department (^fsduetUUm,
Abt.1.— Sabaidiea:
1. 8nbsidytotheToUoachool
for the deaf and blind.... 8^000.000
8. Sobaidy to German aociety
aohool 7,000.000
Total 10.000.000
Abt. 2.— Bepalra and oouatmo-
uona.
1. Bxpenaea for oonatrnoting
the Imperial Univeraity
library and the rooniafor
teach ingnatnral phiioao-
phy 80,000.000
Total expenditnrea in the
department of edncation . 40, 000. 000
Expendituret in the agricultural and commercial
department
Abt. 1.— Bxpenaea for the inter>
national exhibition in
Paris
A KT. 2.— Subaidies :
1. AdvaDce toKagoshimaKen
for improvement of augnr
manufacture
Total expenditnrea in tho
aericnltnral and commer-
cial department
51, 818. 875
10.000.000
61. 81& 875
Expenditure* in the department of eommuniea'
tione.
Abt. 1.— Snbaidiea :
1. Snbsidy for Nippon Tnaen
K waiaha
2. Snb»i(ly for Oaaka Shoaen
Kaiaha
880,000.000
60,000.000
bxtbaobdinabt bxpbrdititbs— oontlnaed.
Pabt n— Contlnned.
AfMia— Contlnned.
Abt. 1 Snhaidiea-Continiied.
8. Snbaidv for Oaaka nantical
achool
4. Snbaidy for na^Klgatkm be-
tween Kobe and Nawa. . . .
6. Snbaidy for navigation be*
tween Nagaaakl, Ninaen,
GhefoOk ana Tientatn ....
2,000.000
11.800.000
16^000.000
Total
900,000.000
Abt. 2.<— Bxtraordinaiy expenaoo
for travel to foreign conlktriea*:
1. Bxpenaea for attending In-
ternational Marine
ferenoe.
4, an. 600
Abt. 8.~KepairB and oonatmo-
tiooa :
1. Bxnenaea for additional
bnlldiug of poatal and
.telographio bnrean i n
Tokio.: 96,890.000
2. Bxpenaea for cmiatmoUng
. poatal and telegraphic
oflioein Osaka 1Q,009.000
«8. Bxpenae for conatmoting
poatal and telegraph ie
office in Sendai 10.000.000
Total 45.800.000
Total expenditnrea In the de-
partment of commnnica-
tiona 1.010.321.000
Ec^tendituree for the ogLoe e^ the third inCema-
^onal induetriaJt etchXbiiivn,
Abt. 1.— Bxpenaee for the oflloe
of the third domeatic indnatrlal
exhibition:
1. Salariea and allowanoea ...
2. Office expensea
8. Traveling expenaea
4. Repaira and oooatrnctlon..
19,946.750
^10l,06&385
43LS00
108^700.085
Total
228,883.720
Contingent fnnda of the treaanry
not included in the above
articlea:
let contingent fund
2d contingent ftind
800.000
800.000
Total 1,000,000.000
Total anm of the extraordi-
nary expenditnrea 10^ 696, 422. 813
Orand totu of the expendi-
tnrea 76^896,312.789
8TATBMRNT OF DETAILS RELATING TO THB BUDGET OF REVBNUB AND BXPBNDITURB
FOR THB TWBNTY-BBCOND FISCAL YEAR OF MBIJI (1889-^^).
The amount of the ordinary reveane e«tiniated in the hndr^et of revetine and ex-
penditure for the twenty-second fiscal year of Meiji (1889^90) is 75,714,131,455 yen,
and thatof (ho extraordinary revonne 886, 053,779 yen, making the total 76,600.185,234
yen in the revenue. On the other side, the amount of the ordinary expenditure is
65.990,890,446 yen, and that of the extraordinary expenditnre 10,605,422,313 yen (of
this 1,000,000 yen ia the reserve fond, which is not incladed in the artiolee of extr*-
ftk
CONTINENT OP ASIA — JAPAN. 155
ordinaiL'y expenditare), making the total amonnt 76,596,312,759 yen in tlie expendi-
ture. Tbas the revenue excels the expenditure by 3,872,475 yen.
Comparing the total amount of the revenue (76,000,1^,234 yen) with that of the
revenue for the preceding fiscal year (75,398,012,363 ven, the navy loan, amounting
to 5,357.910,639 yen, being deducted for purposes of comparison), the increase is
1,202,172.871 yen. And, comparing the total amount of the expenditure (76,596,312,759
yen) With that of the expenditure for the preceding fiscal year (75,389,942.93 yen, the
sum of 5,334,516,839 yen, special expenditure of the navy department, as well as
23,394 yen, the expense connected with the issue of the navy loan bonds, which is
now placed in the expenditure of the financial department, being deducted), the in-
crease is 1,206,369,829 yen.
Important points relating to the annual estimates are as follows:
(1) Until the last (twenty-first) fiscal year revenue was divided into three parts,
first, second, and third ; and expenditure into four parts, first, second, third, and
fourth. Also each part of the revenue was classified into kwan (article), ko (sec-
tion), and mokn (item) ; and each part of the expenditure into kwan, ko, moku, and
setsn (snbitem). But in practice this classification was not found convenient. The
system is therefore altered in the current fiscal year, and the revenue, as well as the
expenditure, arie divided into ordinary and extraordinary . The revenue. Ordinary or
extraordinary, is not divided into parts, but the ordinary expenditure is divided into
two parta, first and second. The reserve fund in the national treasury is not included
in the articles (kwan) of the extraordinary expenditure. Again, thongh there is no
change with regard to the order of the kwan, ko, mokn, a-.d setsu, yet certain changes
in the manner of addition or re- arrangement are made for the sake of greater con-
venience and perspicacity.
(2) The maximum amount of treasury bills to be issued in the cnrvent fiscal year
la now fixed by imperial ordinance. According to rough estimates ifiade at present,
this maximum will be reached in November only, of the twenty-second year of Meiji
(1889). Therefore, the average estimate of amounts issned in each month of the fiscal,
year should not he more than 7,070,000 yen, a sum less than the tenth part of the total
revenue or expenditure.
(3) As the time of the payment of the sixth installment of the land-tax is from the
Ist to the 20th of April, its receipt is subseqnent to the expiration of the fiscal year.
Accordingly, in the first half of every fiscal year, the amount of the revenue is always
less than that of the expenditure, and it becomes indispensable to issue a greater
amount of treasury bills dunog that period. In the twenty -first fiscal year of MeiJi, a
method to remedy this inconvenience was devised and received the sanction of the
cabinet. By this method 7,500,000 yen, corresponding to the estimated amount of the
revenue to be derived from the land-tax in the sixth period, is defrayed out of the re-
serve fund, and included ii the general account. Thus the amount of the revenue
derived from the revenue of the land-tax in the sixth period is withdrawn from the
twenty* fist fiscal year of MeiJi, and added to the estimates of the current fiscal year.
Hence, thoneh in the last tlscal year, the amount of payments of interest on treasury
bills and of roes of management was estimated as 667,000 yen (approximately), yet,
in the current fiscal year 364,000 yen (approximately), suffices for the payment of
interest on treasury bills and of fees. The decrease thus resulting (about 302,000 yen )
is applied to the redemption of other national debts.
(4) The rates of taxes on the export of sak6 and the like from Okinawa prefecture
are nxed according to imperial ordinance No. 12, promulgated in March of the twenty-
first year of MeiJi. The rate of the tax on tobacco is modified in accordance with impe-
rial ordinance No. 20, promulgated in April of the same year. The rate of tax on
shoyu is modified according to imperial ordinance No. 47. promulgated in June of
the same year. The duty on the exportation of coal is abolished in accordance with
imperial ordinance No. 56, promulgated in July of the same year. The rates of
Btamfis for registration are determined according to imperial ordinance No. 66, pro-
mulgated in October of the same year. The rates of taxes on time bargains of rice
exchanges is modified accordiuc to imperial ordinance No. 75, promulgated in No-
vember of the same year. Finally the duties on the exportation of medicines and
drugs are abolished aecording to imperial ordinance No. 83, promulgated in Decem-
ber of the same year.
(5) By imperial ordinance No. 62, promulgated in August of the twenty-first year
of Meiji, the revenue from river banks in ku (urban districts) of the city of Tokio is
transferred to a fund for the improvement of the city of Tokio. Thus the revenue
derived from rents of river banks in the city of Tokio is omitted from the estimates
of the current fiscal year, thongh, hitherto, it was included in the receipts of the
national treasury.
(6) On account of transferring the coal mine of Mtike to private ownership, in Jan-
nary of the twenty-second year of MeiJi, and in consequence of placing the two mines
of Sado and Ikuno in the property of the imperial household from the twenty-second
156 COMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
fiscal year of MeiJI, the | rofiU to be deriyed from these three mines toe not inoladed
in the receipts for the prenent fiscal year.
(7) Aithoagh the railway in Hokkaido was let to private capitalists in March of the
twenty-first year of Meiji, yet the oonstmotion of tne railways between Daifa and
Hamamatsn, between Sekiyama and Karnisa^av and between Kodzn and Shiauoka,
is completed. Thns, compared with the badget Ibr the last fiscal year, it will besesa
that there is a considerable increase in the amount of the profit derived from rail-
ways«
(8) The privy council was established aooordine to imperial ordinance No. 9Sty
promulgated in April of the twenty-first year of Meyl, and the Kagawa prefecture was
erected according to imperial ordinance No. 79, promulgated in December of the same
year. Their expenses are therefore added to the budget for the current fiscal year.
(9) On account of establishing four consulates at Bremen in Germany, Odessa in
Bussia, and Bombay and Vancouver in English territory, expenditures on these ao-
oounts are added to the budget for the current fiscal year.
(10) By imperial ordinance No. 72} promulgated in October of tlie twenty-first year
of Meyi,the Temporary Hi6toriograpnical Bureau in the Cabinet was abolished, and
its affairs transferred to the Teikoku Daigaku (Imperial University). By imperial
ordinance No. 81, promulgated in December of the twentv-flrst year of Meiji, the
observatory hitherto placed under the three departments-^the home, navy, and edu-
cational— ^and business relating to the making of almanacs hitherto transacted by the
home department were transierred to the control of the educational department
Thns, in the estimates of the last fiscal year, the appropriation included in the expend-
iture of the cabinet for the compilation of history, and the appropriation included in
the expenditure of the home department for astronomical observations, as well as for
the compilationof almanacs, are excluded from the expenditures of those depart-
ments, and are added to the expenditure of the Teikoku Daigaku under the control of
the educational department.
(11) By imperial ordinance No. 61, promulgated in August of the twenty-first year
of Meyi, the proportional sum to be defrayed out of the national treasury for the
expends of local police was altered. There is a resulting decrease of 320,000 yen
approximately on this account, as compared with the estimates of the last fiscal year.
Further, the expenditure for tne higher police in each locality, hitherto defrayed out
of the fukin levied in Fu and Ken, is now added to the budget, the fokin having been
placed under the control of local assemblies as part of the local taxes. On this aooount
a sum of 150,000 yen is added to the estimates of the current fiscal year, as expense
for special services of the regular police of the home departiAent.
(12) The expenditure in connection with high schools, hitherto partly charged to the
local taxes, is now defrayed on t of the national treasury. Thus 150,000 yen is added
to the appropriation on account of schools under the contirol of the educational de-
partment.
(13) In consequence of the decision of Government in June of the twenty-first of
the year of Meiji, to grant a subsidy to the Kiushu Railway Company at the rate of 4
percent, per annum on paid-up capital until the month before the opening of business
in each division of the railway, this subsidy is added to the estimates of the current
fiscal >ear.
(14) The navy special expenditure of 17,000,000 ven ; that is to say, the total
amount of the navy loan raised under the authority of imperial ordinance No. 47, pro-
mulgated in June of the nineteenth year of Meiji, was all included i^ the budgets of
the last three fiscal years. Thus, th|s item is not mentioned in the budget of the cur-
rent fiscal year, but the expenditure of the navy deparment is increased to a total of
7,000,000 yen in consequence of contemplated additions to that arm of the service.
The reason why the ordinary and extraordinary expenditures of the navy depart-
ment amount in the present budget to 7,150,208 yen is that a sum of 150,000,000 yen
is specially required to meet the cost of works at Yokosuka dockyard, and a sum of
208 yen to meet the cost of works at Onohama dockyard.
(15) A gradual extension of the functions of the department of Justice, and the
development of business in the department of communications, explain the fact that
each of these departments requires an increase of appropriation. Thus it will beseen
that there is a targe addition to the estimated expenditures of both departments in
the current fiscal vear.
(16) Matters relating to the redemption of paper money having been gradually
placed on a sound footing, there is no necessity to transfer any large amount of
money to the fund for this purpose in the current fiscal year. Hence a certain dimi-
nution appears under this heading in the estimates of tne current fiscal year.
(17) No appropriation for the construction of the imperial palace appears in the
estimates of the current fiscal year, that work having been completed.
Detailed comparisons of increase or decrease under each article (Kwan) and section
(Ko) of the revenue and expenditure for the twenty-first and twenty-second ^acal years
of Meiji, are given in the detailed estimates of revenue and in the epitomised statement
\
CONTIKEirr OF ASIA — ^JAPAN.
157
of expenditnies for each department. Bat owing to the modified method of olassifica-
tion now adopted — ae explained al>OTe — the several items of the old and new bnd^ts
differ more or less from one another, and in some cases there is a radical alteration.
In sooh cases, the amounts appearing nnder the articles and sections in the budget of
the onrrent fiiMsal year have been taken as a basis and compared with the appropria-
tions of a similar nature and for similar purposes, in the budget of the preceding
fiscal year. The resulting increases or decreases are then given. But with resrard to
items (moku) and sub-items (setsu), it is impossible to arrive at acctirate eonclasions
by comparison. Therefore the comparison of the increases or decreases under the
moku and setsu is omitted firom the oudget of the current fiscal year.
The calculation of the estimates for the current fiscal year has been accomplished
as set forth in the above items. But with regard to the budget for the next, or
twenty- third, fiscal year, it is to be earnestly hoped that in pursuance of the recently
promulgated law (No. 4), where provision is made for accurate financial methods,
still greater efforts will be made to exhibit precise details as to the origins and causes
of expenditures ; that care will be taken to adhere strictly to the sys^m of fixed es-
tablishments, to adopt a system of accounts in respect of articles, to employ every
possible means of avoiding needless outlay and confining expenditure to aosolute
necessities, to the end that a strong foundation mav be laid for promoting the prog-
ress of the country and increasing the prosperity of the nation.
Comparative tables are herewith annexed, showing the increases or decreases of
the actual amounts of the nati(mal debts, reserve fund, advances by Government,
cantral fund for relief of agricultural distress, and the special fund (the calculations
being made at the end of the first month (^ the twenty-second year of Meiji) as com-
pared with the actual amounts shown in we appendix of the budgets for four years
atnce the eighteenth y^ar of Meiji.
Count Matbuoata Mabatoshi,
MinUier uf Finance.
To Count KuBODA Kitotaka,
Minuter Prendeni of State.
Dated the fourth day of the third month of the twenty-second year of Meiji (1889).
G9st|Kpm<iM table of the national debt, the r'eeervefund eto., for the ISIh, 19t&, 20lh, 2Ut,
and 22iui flaeal years of Meiji,
Headings.
Kattonftldebt
Kewdebi
Kiosatsn Bxcluuige
bonds
Unrejdst^red Kin-
•atone zohsnge
bonds — .........
HerediUiTy pension
bonds
Loan for pnblio works
l^akasendo railway
uonds . . . • • ■> • . • . • I
Nary bonds
Consolidated bonds
Foreifpi debt
Honey borrowed for
the snppreesion of
theS.W. rebellion
Old debt
Ex-Shlnto Priesto'
pension bonds
Papermoney;
Oneym andnp-
Twenty-seoond
year.
Fifty «i» and un-
der ,
Reserrefond
Advanoee by Got-
ernnent. ....*....,
Fund for GoTem-
ment industries . . .
Central fund for the
relief of affricalt-
nral distress
Special fund ..'.
Ten.
a4«, 326, 868. 600
10,561.275.000
4,034,600.000
7,929,000.000
100,162,020.000
10,720,200.000
20,000,000.000
13,000,000.000
68,266,900.000
6,480,376.000
10,000,000.000
7,241,998.600
^539,609.000
8,036,177.400
16^168^993.479
9.638.014.663
6,583,905.274
Twenty-first
year.
Ten.
245.021.207.000
10.571,275.000
4.618,460.000
7,929,900.000
122.216^875.000
10.730.850.000
20,000.000.000
11,000,000.000
84.499,400.000
6,994,601000
10, 000, 000. 000
7,461,453.000
8, 820, 517. 077
1,451,495.376
55, 263, 064. 600
24,885,309.038
10, 997, 149. 732
6. 094, 713. 348
3.453,123.835
1, 367, 972. 876
Twentieth year.
Ten.
241, 491, 249. 500
10,591,275.000
5, 766; 060. 000
7,929,900.000
164,036,685.000
10,740,350.000
20,000,000.000
5,000,000.000
1,826,050.000
7,522,032.000
10,000,000.000
7,680,907.500
67.268,374.600
37.043,410.174
18, 242, 160. 653
8,069.701.970
1,290.656.0m
Nineteenth
year.
Tefi.
246. 427, 329. 000
10,501,275.000
5 786,050.000
7,929.900.000
164,862,685w000
10,760,350.000
90,000,000.000
7,622,082.000
10,000,000.000
7,900,862.000
94,836.000
76, 934, 727. 900
43.865,408.060
18, 316, 823. 603
2.710,047.752
1.216,677.546
Xighteenth
year.
Ten.
239,062,926.500
10,652,850.000
6,884,950.000
1,438,000.000
168,885.885.000
10,996,380.000
15,000,000.000
8,015,400.000
10,000,000.000
8^119,816.500
116,275.000
89,909,230.000
45.971,535.837
20,085,025.344
2,412,754.482
1, 043, 113. 877
158 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
X
CcmparaUve table of the tuiUanal debt, ale.— <!<mtiiiiMd.
HeAdingB.
Kfttionaldebt
Kew debl
KioMUa KzobMse bonds. . . .
Unregistered KlniftUa Bz-
ohangebooda
Hereditary pentioo bonda. . . .
Lomn for public works
Kakssendo Ball way bonds . . .
Kavy bonds
Conaoltdatod bonds
Foreign debt
lion^ borrowed for tbe sop-
{iression of tbe 8. W. rebw-
ion
Olddebl ^...
Xx-Shlnto piietlB* ponsloB
bonds
Paper moB^t
One yM and upwards. .. .
liftr MA and under
Reserredftind
AdTloiees byGoreminenl. . . .
Food ibr Gh>Tenunent Indns-
tries
Central Aind for the relief of
agrlooltaral distress
Special Aind
Twenty-flnt
T. 2, 405, MS. MO
1>. 10, 000. 000
D. 403,850.000
B. 22. 053, 855. 000
D. 10,150.000
L 2,000.000.000
L 28b 750. 000. 000
D. 564.128.000
TwenUetb y^
Ten,
I. 8, 835. 420. 0001
D. ao,ooaooo
D. 1,741,450.000
D. 64, 778, 685. 000
D. 20,160.000
L 8.000,000.000
I. 56.031,260.000
D. 1,061«66&000
NlaeteoBtb year.
L 2,898,246.8601
D. 80,006.688
D. I,74l,45a000
B. 64,706,816. 606
D. 46,160.060
I, 18.060,606.000
L 58; 256, 800. 600
D. 1.661,66&666
BighteeBtbycst.
I. •,tm,743.M0
D. M,575lIM
D. l.m,886.000,
L 6b 486. 006. 000
D. 68, 678^365. 000
B. 276,636.000
L 6.666.6O0.000
I. 18.660,060.000
L 68. 266. .'{00. 060
D. l,6B5bO2L800
B. 216.464.660
B. 488^8661606
B. 668^868.6661
IX 84,82Bk606|
B. «n.8l&886
D. llfibS3i^6M
B. 8,686.878.200
B. 6,726,815.666
B. 1,866,186.660
I. 48B,10L828
L 867.893.243
L 88,622.566
B. 86, 687,168. 866
B. 8,884,42&6r
B. 8,604,154.866
B. 86^ 868, 641. 666
B. 28, 706,414. 561
B. 8,678,806.940
L 6^683,866.274 I, 6^688,666.274
L 760,816.066
I. 160, 889. 880
L 1,168,666.828
L 284^817.886
B. 48, 848. 148. 608
B. SO, 812,548. 888
B. 16, 447. 616. 681
I 6;588,66&.274
L 1,467.788.666
L 408^881.486
I, increase I B, decrease.
The prinoipAl items of inorease or deoreaee in thia table m oompared with the last
fiscal year are as follows : —
(1) The increase in the amount of the national debts is dne to the facts that al-
though there is a decrease of 23,353,557.50 yen through the redemption of the di0er-
ent kinds of public loans, vet there is, on the other hand, an increase of 25,759^020 yen
owing to the issne of navy loan bonds in this fiscal yeartothe amonnt of 2,000,000 yen
in accordance with the navy loan act, imperial ordinance No^ 47 promnlsated in Jane
of the nineteenth year of Mciji) ; to the issue of consolidated loan bonds, to the
amount of S£), 560,900 yen (in accordance with the consolidated public loan act, imperial
ordinance No.*66, promulgated in October of the 19th year of MciJi) ; and to the sup-
plemental issue of new bonds, to the amount of 2,120 yen, for the adjustment of loans.
With reference to the increase of consolidated loan bonds as compared with the re-
deemed amount of the different kinds of loans, it is to be noted that a redemption of a
portion of the latter liabilities has not yet been fully accomplished, though the c<m-
Bolidatcd bonds have been already issued.
(2) The decrease in the amount of the paper currency in circulation is owing to its
replacement by silver coins to the extent of over 8,696,^ yen, and to the withdrawal
of 121 yen, of defaced paper qurrency.
(3) The decrease in the reserve fund is due to the facts that, although there is an
increase of 7,651 f655.(>37 yen, on account of the transfer of 4,300,000 yen from general
account to this item (being the sum appropriated for the redemption of paper cnr-
rency), and on account of the receipt of 3,^1,655.637 yen (being profit ft*om differ-
ences of rate iu specie exchange and interest on deposits) ; yet there Is a decrease of
17, 377,971.196 you, owing to the exchange of 8,666,456.20 yen, of silver coinaaf^inst
paper currency ; to the transfer of 7,500,000 yen to the general account, in anticipa-
tion of tbe revenue to be derived from the land tax for the sixth period in the tweniy-
iirst^vear (as explained in the Budget for the twenty-second fiscal year of Meiji) ; and
to a reduction of 1,181,114.996 yen on account of loss on exchange, and of interests on
annual installments paid in the aggregate.
(4) The decrease in advances by Government is due to the facts that, although
there is an increase of 572,725.348 yen, on account of the fund for the encouragement
of industries, and of new advances to shizoku etnigrating to the Hokkaido ; and of
60,024.127 yen on account of additions of interest to principal, making a total increase
of (>32, 749.475 yen, yet there are decreases of, first, 394,482 yen owing to the faet that
money received in annual installments for Government properties soldi which money
CONTINENT OF ASIA — JAPAN. 159
waa formerly included under this heading, is now transferred to a special account ac-
cording to arrangements made in the twenty-first fiscal year or Meiji ; secondly,
552,756.541 yen on account of repayments made ; and thirdly, 1,044,646.(K)3 yen for
loss and liquidation, making a total decrease of 1,991,884.544 yen.
(5) The increase of the fund for Government industries is due to the facts that, al-
thoush there is a decrease of 106,328.029 yen in respect of funds received for indnstrial
establishments transferred by the Government to the people, and in respect of pay-
ments on account of losses, yet, on the other hand there is an increase of 595,519.955
yen in consequence of the expenditure on account of the Yokohama Water Works and
the Navy Dockyard in Onohama, etc., being entered under this heading.
(6) The increase of the central fund for relief of agricultural distress is due io the
. fact that, although there is a decrease of 49,316.606 yen on account of the relief of dis-
* tress in Kagoshima Ken, yet there is an increase of 416,709.848 yen on account of en-
tering in the accounts of the twenty-first fiscal year of Meiji the annual amount of
appropriation according to the Law of Reserve for relief of Agricultural Distress,
promulgated by Notification No. 31 of the old Daijokwan, in June of the 13th year of
Meiji, and on account of interest on money deposited.
(7) The increase x>f the hpecial fund is duo to the fact that the interest on Govern-
ment bonds x)revlouBly purchased by the fund, is added.
NAGASAKI.
EEFOBT BY CONSUL BIEOS,
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS.
The Import trade it will be observed for the past year shows an increase of $474,380,
while the export trade shows a decrease of $712,725, a total decrease in the trade of
the |>ortof $238,345. The tables appended have as usual been compiled from the
published statiiitios of the Japanese Government.
•
PBTROLBUM.
Kerosene oontinnes to be the principal article of import direct from the United
States. - Two direct cargoes arrived from Philadelphia, and somereshipped American
kerosene reached here from both Shanghai and Yokohama. Deliveries for the year,
however, show considerable falling off as compared with those of 1886. This does not
mean decreased consumption, but is the result of many places in the surrounding
country having drawn their supplies from Kobe, where, owing to competition, prices
have ruled lower. Some 15,000 cases have l^eon shipped to Vladiwostock, the neigh-
boring military poet in Siberia, during the year, and 10,000 cases to Hakodate. Sam-
ples of Russian oil from Batoum have reached this port. The cases and cans are very
similar to the American. The oil is water white and called 130<^ test. It is not at
present so well received as the American article, bat itn friends claim that it will
eventnallv compete with it, If it can be laid down in Japan cheaper. The advanced
cost of oil in the United States the latter part of the past year will, I fear, make^a
good opening for the Bussian article in botn China ana Japan, and as in my estima-
tion the introduction of Russian oil is a real danger to the import trade of Japan with
the United States, I think it proper to quote the following newspaper article relative
to the matter which has appeared in the Japan Mail, published at Yokohama.
'* There recently arrived here the English steamer Monarok^ which brought to
this city from Batoum 536,000 gallons of oil in sixty-seven thousand cans. It is the fir8t
time that Russian oil has appeared in Japan. It was ordered by JardinCj Mathesou <&.
Co., one of the largest English firms doing business in East Asia, through the Commer-
cial and Industrial Company of Baku. The Monarch was chartered specially for thit
purpose. At the very news of the arrival of the Russian oil at Japan, the price of
American oil fell 5 cent« per can. It is believed here that Russian oil will ultimately
drive American oil out of Japan, owing to its superiority and to the great influence
here of the firm which has undertaken the busiueHs. Both English and Japanese
papers welcome Russian oil,' that it may put an end to Americans monopoly in this
uranch of trade ia Japan. Jardine, Mafhesou <& Co. are very confident of a very
Erolitable sale of this oil, and, as it is reported, even before the Movarch^s arrival
ere, they have sent to Batoum another order for still a larger amount of oil.'' This
news, we are informed, has been received in* Russia " with great joy." The oil men
of Russia *'hope to ultimately drive American oil from the Old World, leaving only
America for the oil men of America.''
ri
160 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
OOUMA3X TBADB.
A feature of the import trade at this port, which doeii not fi gnce in the retnmt, is
the trade in certain staples for Corea, ai^oh aa ehirtingSj Victoria lawne, drills, etc.
The large demand for snirtings in Corea is mostly supplied with Mancheeter goods,
which are simply transhipped hert^ to the steamers plymp^ hetween this port and the
Corean ports or stored in uond until sold. The demand is for JIO and 11 pound shirt-
ings of full width, 38 and 40 inches. This trade with Corea is uow'almost entirely ia
the hands of Japanese merchants, who, howerer, get their supplies from foreign
importers. Victoria lawns in considerahle quantities also pass tnrough this port in
the same manner during the spring and summer. In my last year's report I called at-
tention, at some length, to the fact that, with the exception of drills, the hulk of the
import trade to Japan and Corea, in textile fahrics, was not with the United States.
The Corean and Japanese trade take our drills hecause they are of superior purity
and more excellent <^uality than the drills of other nations trading in these markets,
and these are the chief considerations with this class of goods, but they do not like
our gray shirtings, lawns, or muslins, although acknowledging their excellent quality,
durability, and purity, because they have not the weight, wiath, and finish the trade
demands, and a demand which the American manufacturer must recognize if he
wishes to compete successfully in the esistern markets with the manufacturers of
Great Britain, Qermany, and France. I am sure it would be worth the while of the
home manufacturers to turn these requirements into account. The trade in sugar
has considerably increased. The importers are principally Chinese.
The other articles of import from the United States, as in 1886, have consisted of
California canned goods, American sewing-machines, clocks, patent medicines, light
hardware, etc.
PRINCIPAL SZPORT8.
The staple articles of export aggregating the greatest yalne in 1886 have again this
vear consisted of tea, Corean nides, camphor, tobacco, rice, and coal. Although there
nas been during the past year a slight increase in quantity and value of the export
ef tea from Nagasaki due to a demand for it in North China where it is sent in original
bales without any preparation, such as firing, etc., the trade with America and
Europe has greatly fallen off. At the end of the year one of the direct exporters
here closed his tea firing establishment, as the Nagasaki teas are but little wanted in
the United States, and the demand from Canada has greatlv decreased. This is partly
due to over export of tea in 1886, which left a \M^e surplos on hand, and partly to
the tea-grower in this district being careless in picking and manipulatinK the leaf,
thereby furnishing the trade with an article very much inferior to that of Northern
Japan. The direct export of tea from this port is also less, owing to some demand
for the inteior tea of this part of Japan in the Kobe and Yokohama markets for the
purpose of mixing it with the better teas of those districts.
The export of Corcau hides from this port to the United States, which two years
ago promised well, shows during tbo )>ast year a considerable decrease due to various
causes, chief of which are the smaller number of hides shipped from Corea, low prices
in the home markets, aiid the increasing demand in Japan for home consumption.
Leather is becoming more in demand in Japan^ and the Japanese are rapidly leamiue
to prepare it. The city of Osaka has taken, it is said, about half the hides shipped
from Corea during the past year, and if the demand continues, of which there is
every reason to believe, the i-xport trade in this article will cease. There was a
slight increase in the export of camphor. Most of the supply was taken by one firm
for shipment to the United 8tatcs via Kobe. The rest was exported to Hong-Kong for
transhipment to India and Europe.
It is feared that the surrounding country (notwithstanding the regulations of the
Government to keep up the supply, viz, planting a tree for every one felled) is being
denuded of camphor trees, and that there will be a scarcity of the drns in the
market should there be au increased demand at home, as the newly planted tree is
slow of growth. I may say that camphor wood as a timber, formerly so common here
and an article of export, has almost disappeared from the market. Tobacco, why^h
formerly was a leading article of export from Nagasaki, is not now in much demand,
owinff probably to the European markets being fully supplied with other cheap kinds.
The shipments of rice aod wheat from this port to foreign markets show a considera-
ble fulling off as compared with 1886. Sea-weed, cuttle-fish, medicines, pine planks,
and timber have been exported to about the same extent as the previous year and
almost entirely by the Chinese.
The past year has seen an increase in |he export of coal, and, as in former years, it
is the chief article of export. The output of the mines near here has amounted dur-
ing 1887 to nearly 4.^>0,000 tons. P^very step is being taken by the parties interested
to foster the coal trade of this port, and the opening of the new mines, which I men-.
CONTINENT OP ASIA — ^JAPAN.
161
tioned in last year's report, is still beiBjt earried on, and will, it is expected, be oom-
pleted by the time the present working mines are exhausted. The export trade in
coal from this port is the most promising for the fntnre of Nagasaki.
DOCKS AND ENGmS WOBSB.
The dock, patent dip, and engine works located here are still in snccessfal opera-
tion. A cotton-yarn manafactory was established here in 1887, and is turning out
aboat 300 catties of yam daily.
SANITART IMPBOVSUXNTS.
The various works for the sanitary improvement of Nagasaki are still being carried
on, and we were not Tisited by either cholera or small-pox as an epidemic in 1887.
RAILROADS.
The proposed Kinshin Bailroad of which I have spoken in former Teports, will cer-
tainly be commenced in the year 1888. According to the present arraugement, work
will be done first on the following Hoes, beginning at Simonosehi Strait, Moji toOnaj^,
Onaga to Hakata, and Hakata to Kurume. The respective distances are 20, 27, and 2^
miles, and the respective cost is estimated at $829,950, $1,105,940, and $924,954. The
first section is to be completed in December, 1889, the second iu November, 1890, and
the third in June, 1891. According to the same arrangement Nagasalu will be eon.'
nected by rail with tBe principal places in Kinshin in June, 1896.
POST-OFFICB AND TELEGRAPH.
t
The postal and telegraph returns of Nagasaki for 1887, were as follows:
PoBUoffloe*
(MiMry letters M8.eoa
Bectoteredlettera 62,544
Postal cards 459, ]75
Kewapapers ^ 429,500
Ba0lu,eto '. 23,502
VNei....i 95,709
MoQey-«rdexsdniini.— - • yen.. 367,796
limey «oiden paid.. do... 844;224
Telegraph office.
Hesaages.
Japanese
Local, foreign.
Intematioiial .
60,707
2,423
8,136
44.569
2,861
2,829
from other pointa, bat passing throngh Kagaeaki office :
aspaaeee 180,711
Foreign to foreign countries 22,123
Poreign from foreign countries 21,490
POPULATION.
There are 816 foreign adnlts and 215 children resident in Negasaki, distributed as
follows :
Anierioan .........
Anntro-Hangarian
Belgian
firitisb ............
Chinese
Diiiiali
Adults.
66
18
2
64
607
12
Chil-
dren.
12
13
20
134
8
▲dnltB.
Dnech
French
Oerman . . .
lUlian....
Portngnese
Rnsaiui...,
2
81
7
4
8
10
10611 0 B ^11
O
ChU.
dr^n.
6
6
4
4
162
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
PROSPERITY.
From a natiye stand-point the year 1887 was a proeperons year. The eropa were
good and the Japanese pushed trade. Every year the increase in the nnmber of na-
tive banks, cotton and iron manufactories, breweries, ship-building yard^ etc., tells
the story of native energy, and that every year the Japanese are depending lees upon
the import of foreign manufactured articles, and that they are adopting forego
methods in manufacturing for themselves the goods formerly purchased iirom the for*
eign importer. John M. Birch,
CommilL
United States Coksulats.
Naga9akif Novmhtr 13, 1888.
ImporU at Ifagasaki^ far the year at^img Deomber 31, 1887.
DeBoription.
Foreign j^oduu and numit*
/acturti:
Arms, mftohiiiery, Initm-
mento^eto
BeT6Tmges and provisions,
catties..
Beans, peas, and pnlse.do. . . .
All other cexWs. .do
1.202
216,058
108^986
Books and statloneiy
Clothipg and appaxel
Coals tons..
Cvtton and cotton mixtares
yards..
I>niffs,m«dioines,and ohemi-
oa&
Dves and pidnts catties. .
Gfass and glassware
Hides, boiZalo and cow
oatlies..
All other skins, teeth, etc:
...* catties..
Linen mixtures .... pieces. .
All other textile fabrics. .
Hetals and mannfactnrss of
oatties..|8,eii,066
Quantity.
870,640
1,744,602
4,268
1.234,078
84,060
24,822
Yalae
entered.
077,861
60,100
23,063
4,668
4,627
4,386
2,636
13, 818
88,888
87,088
1.818
180.450
10,407
6^318
11.060
80^880
Description.
Fortion prodtiM and menu*
.AMturM— Continued.
AD other metals . cat6es . .
Oil, castwr, for lubricating
catties.,
Kerosene gals. .
All others
Baw cotton .catties. .
Su^arand sugar candy. do —
Shirtings, white yards . .
Satins pieces..
All other silk manufaot-
77,048
80,803
1,172,546
ures
Tobacco and manufacture of
catties ..
Wine and liquor
Woolen and woolen mix.-
yards ..
Sundries
Total.
Qoaattty
1.024,017
0.600.778
01, 118
884
6^773
83,400
Value
entered.
07.784
8.004
114,084
2,847
151. 673
496,118
6^857
16^777
18,686
8,217
46^105
20,262
70.811
1,447,014
Statmeni ekowing the taeporU fro/m Nagasaki, Japan, for the year ending Deeember 31, 1887.
%
Description.
Japaneu produe* and manvr
faeturet.
Camphor catties..
Coal ton..
Coal, ship*s use..... ton..
Coke catties..
Copper coin do....
Cattleflsh do....
Drugs, medicines, and piUnts. .
Bar shells piculs..
Flour of all kinds cat ties. .
Iriko or beche de mer . .do —
Metals do....
Husbrooms, all qualities
catties..
Oil and wax do....
Porcelain and lacquer
Prorlsions
Kioe piculs..
Shark fins catties..
IS.**
Quantity.
1,606,021
182,642
453,026
404,020
8,041,086
668,187
121. 168
06,076
233.840
163,266
243,418
04,681
Value,
indading
costs and
charges.
$241,263
463.707
1.356,167
1,287
467,818
12,708
18,710
12,720
14.166
81,264
10,617
64,757
21, 720
8, 856
03,600
525,686
85,428
Description.
Japanue product and manu'
/acmres— Continued.
Shellfish :
Awabi catties..
Kainohasluin do...
Shrimps do...
Silk piece goods pieces .
All other textile fisbrics
Skins» hair, shells, horns, etc
Tea piculs.
Tea, inferior do...
Tea dast do. . . .
Tobacco and mmufiMtures
of catties..
Timber, wood, and planks. ,
Wheat ....piculs...
Sundries
Quantity.
900,808
803,874
28l768
8,100
5,248
10,880
1.424
402,831
6»406k'680'
Total.
Value
Including
costs and
charges.
180, 418
88,601
20,675
10.652
13.220
13.734
66,311
86,472
8.625
34.400
167,603
83.630
172,360
^078.467
CONTINENT OP ASU-*-JAPA». 163
y
JTav^aHon at ih» pari of Kagaeaki, Japan, far the year ending Dtoember 31, 1887.
FUkg.
BelfffMi ,
Britiab ,
CorcMi
DsDiah
Dutch
FrvDch
Gennaii. ......
Japanene .....
lforwegi«xi....
Raui»n
United StatM
Total
JBntored.
SteamATi.
4
220
3
'\
6
223
284
38
24
1
7eo
Tont.
2,233
814.402
711
11.520
87
16,973
168.167
242,018
48,313
84.265
71
838,660
Sailing Teuels.
57
No.
Tont,
10
7.478
6
87
2.646
16.010
1
8
35
4.697
29.860
Cleared.
Steamera.
JTo.
4
220
8
15
1
6
220
226
38
25
758
Tom.
2,232
814.265
711
11.520
87
15,973
164,736
238.582
48,313
84,978
831.307
Sailing veaaels.
60
No.
Tom.
11
8,006
6
40
2,645
13,654
8
4.697
28,902
' TRADR OF NAOA6AKI WIll^TBS UNITED STATES.
Imp&rU fran^ the United States at Nagaeald during the year ending December 31, 1887.
Deaeription.
Btaenita cattiea.
do...
Booka r.. Tolamea.
Bootaandahoea pairs.
Beana. pea8e,and polae catties.
Beer and ale bottles.
Billiard and flUtnga
B^vabea.
Cbavpagne *. botties.
Cbeeae catties.
Colfee do...
Candy
Condensed milk
Clooka namber.
Cntlery
Qnantlty.
622.75
6,600.60
762.00
18.00
2,251.00
7,392.00
120.00
8, 174. 75
1, 069. 00
Cotton dnek yards.
Caipeta
Ail oilier textile fabiioa
CIgara cattiea.
Cfiarettea
AU other prepared tobacco cattiea.
daret bottles..
Dh» ^ gallons..
All other liqnora .oottlea.
Dmga -^
Fkmrandmeal cattiea.
Fniite.fteah
Torka. spoons, and knivea
All other metals and manafactarea of
Fowling piece andflttinga
Tnmitnzea.....
Grates, stoves, and fittinga
AB other ironware
Ham and bacon cattiea.
Iron wire-rope do —
India mbber in aheet do...
Kerosene oil gallons.
liOoking-glaaa
Lard and tallow gallons.
Lamps and parte of
Hoaioal inatramenta •
AD other scientific instramenta
Hining machinery, and parts of.
If edicme and chemicals
Molaaaea and airnp • catties.
Muikela namber.
Oata cattiea.
Olireoil bottles.,
All other oils
Oaknm catties..
Prorisiiona '
Pencila gross..
Paper, nnennmerated
^mtisji machinery, and parte of.
tmmmmm ••■•«•■«•••• ••••■••••■•• ••■••••••■•• ••••••••••
828.00
'4.'205.'00'
2.44
057.25
12.00
3,170.00
884.00
Yalne.
315,006.26
2.852.00
16,768.75
164.50
1.172,545.00
1.027.50
850.00
1.00
1,284.50
36.00
3,750.00
ioo
1S.M
$60.40
1,288.00
181.04
52.40
68.96
697.20
12.00
6.40
72.60
1,613.80
271.40
525.36
2,016.60
1,35&60
3.60
751.77
81.60
147.40
9.80
702.60
841.97
3.00
1,678.60
57.80
128.28
10, 551. 19
417. 18
49.80
91.80
125.00
704. 16
356.20
804.20
572.66
8, 139. 46
149. 40
114,924.20
66.60
127.74
110.40
200.00
320.00
624.40
845.40
12. 62
19.60
69.60
10.60
202. 80
245.00
8, 529. 76
12.80
46.60
94^894.06
C4a
164
C0MMBBG14Ii SELATI0N9.
ImporrUfom ike United Slate$ at Kagoiahif ete. — Gontinved.
DetcripttoiL
QoaoUty.
Yalne.
Ferftimery bottlM.
Fictarea
Beflnedsngar OAtties.
Salted fl«h do...
Salted meat in cask t « do
Salted meat, other
Stationery ^ ,
SciUee 4
8.614.00
12175
9ft. SO
fi^ooaoo
Sewioff machinery, -and parte of
AUothere
re
« pair».
Toole, c«rp«ntere' and emithe'
Turpentine oil gallona.
Tar and pitch
All uthere
Toilet eoap
All otnere ^
Vegetables 1
Yamieh
1,803.00
200.00
0,800.00
number.
Waterpro^f'^'o^^B ,,^^
Wearing-apparels J.
White sngar catties.
Whisky , hottles.
Do gallons.
Washing soap catties
Wine -., bottles.
All other liquors do...
113.00
100.50
84.00
160.60
172.50
8,170.00
88i.0O
Total
1850. 6C
12.00
U.i8
73.06
SM.00
43.80
llOitO
728.18
21.60
050.00
612.00
61.80
8100
0150
21. ao
52.80
810.42
82.36
27.60
28L26
133.33
&80
67.00
474.00
14 80
1,678.60
57.80
182,23&38
Value of declared exporUfrom the eoneular district of Nagaaahif Japauj to the Vnited
States, during the four quarters of the year ended Deoember 31, 1887.
Articles.
Gailos
Hides
Paper
Porcelain
Bloe
Boot (aconite).
Tea
Whalebone...,
Sundries
Total
Total for preceding year
Decrease
Quarter ending-
Mar 31, 1887.
$33, 238. 21
406.00
136.50
4»888.15
570.65
39, 24L 50
140. 426. 00
June 30, 1887.
062,363.50
81,978.02
84, 336. 62
74.709.56
Sept 80, 1887.
$7,798.35
97.16
86.00
4,161,86
888.00
t 479. 96
930.63
Deo. 81. 1887.
$379.44
1,818.80
46&78
100.96
24,882.58
11,710.00
20.16
88,888.66
79. 408. 31
Total.
$370.44
9i 719.86
672. M
186l04
25,28^.58
136.80
62,733.52
838.00
6ea8i
174.046w68
853,600.38
178,618.76
Total value of trade between Nagasaki and foreign oountriee for the year ending Deoem»
ber 31, 18tf7.
IMPORTS.
Hong.
Kong.
Shanghai
London.
United
States.
Otlier porta.
Foreign produce and manufacturis —
Japanese produce Mid manufactures . .
$533,955
1.687
$425,000
246
$37,007
$182^238
$26S.M1
Total
535,642
425,246
87,907
182,238
265,081
EXPOHTS.
Japanese produce and manufactures . .
Kuroign produce and manulactures —
$1,097,291
3». 185
$768,587
185, 010
$326 700
•
$174,046.68
$1,487,747.87
Total
1,136,476
053,607
826,700
174.046.68
1,487,947.8?
CONTINENT OF ASIA — JAPAN. 165
Tre€uure escorted from Nagasaki during the year ended December 31, 1887.
8peei6 sod bullion :
Gold coin. BnglUh (£354) .'. $1,737.91
Silrereoin:
(Old yen) Japanese , .\ 28,700.00
(Old yen) lofilbu 057.67
I'sha 128.40
Mexican dollar , 139,672.00
Silver balUon ' 1,796.50
Papermoney, Japanese , 35,100.00
206,800.54
!Brea»ure imported into Nagasaki during the year ended December 31, 1887.
Speele and bnlUon:
Gold bullion ^ $310,337.47
Sllrerooln (old yen), Japanese .».. 35,727.00
Mexican doJlar ; 180,950.60
Silver bolHon : 812.60
Paper money, Japanese r. ^. 15,157.00
492,084.07
B.
Dutiee eolleetedat Nagasaki during the year ended December 31, 1887.
Colleeted on—
Imports. .1 $53,908
Bzports 83,749
P«ea oolleeted on shipping ^ ,.... 17,090
Szftra duties 6,070
Bonded warehoase receipts ;. 1,669
168,286
OSAKA JLNJy HIOGO.
SBPOBT BY aONSVL JSRNI0AN,
r
The increase In the oommeroe and population of this port dnring the past three year
has surpassed the most sanfdine expectations, and more than fulfilled the most fa-
vorable predictions. Situated nearer the central part of Japan than any other open
port, with a harbor fayored with every natural advantas:e, and a climate wherie the
summer heat does not last long, and the effect of the frost of winter is soon effaced by
the bright sunshine, the future of the port promises to be even more prosperous than
its past.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS.
The statisties showing the value of the import and export trade of this port are taken
from the reports of the Hiogo and Osaka Chamber of Commerce, and tlie values are
estimated in Japanese currency, 1 yen being equal to 76.3 cents in gold.
166
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
The valne and nature of this trade for the three years, 1886->'d7-^6{), are shonn by
the following table :
Imparti aiuK nporU of (kaku amd Hiogo.
ArtlolM.
Cotton-yam:
EiiKliah btles..
Incnaii do
Gray shirtiD)^ pieces....
While Bhirtings do....
Colored ehirtluga do
x*oiut>iie .•■•••■•■■•••.■>•• .cio. • . •
DrilU do....
Brocades do
Chinti, aaaorted do
Turkey-red cambrict do....
Yelveta do....
CottoD, Italiana do....
Yiotoria Uwna do....
SnksKteena do....
LaatlDgs, black do....
Orlean«aDdla8tres........do
Italian cloth do
Hooaaeline de Lalne. ...... do. .. .
Cloth yarda..
Blanketa pairs..
Flannel .yards..
Iron:
Assorted picols..
Pig do
Kails do....
Steel do —
Lead do....
Spelter do....
window glass boxes..
Sugar .....piculs..
Kerosene oil cases..
Misoellaneoos valne..
Steamers No..
18M.
Quantity.
Total
Treasure (Inolading Gktrerament).
8,ltl
23,268
197,043
18,110
7.478
23, 6M
2,730
8,970
80.958
00,537
13,542
16,026
47,506
2,085
1,400
7,100
80,401
180. 870
62.288
87,288
111,048
37,168
39,643
3S,6i>2
2,207
860
1,104
24, 418
121.584
032,441
TaliM.
704,000
1,808,400
402,000
15,100
18.500
34,800
6,400
10,700
62.700
ill.40<^
90,000
40,600
28,500
44,000
14,500
85,900
219,300
638,000
42,900
67,100
88,900
04,000
49.100
166; 500
8^800
4,700
7,400
76,200
7M,300
1, 603, 800
100,000
7, 852, 600
8,686^063
1887.
Qoantitgr.
14.876
40.145
362.850
44,438
27,088
89,244
a, 997
2,078
63.606
80,400
15,341
15.100
105,880
0,418
8.889
16.228
65.470
220.360
64.182
47,267
862,118
68,885
48,258
81,244
1.040
8.830
1,076
29,673
210, 510
1, 186. 673
Yalao.
1,870,400
8» 131, 300-
762.000
142,200
48,800
62,800
0,400
6,000
93,800
104,600
06,600
49,800
74.200
112,200
86.100
73,000
401,000
952,000
AMO
85,100
120,500
186,000
77,200
166,200
4.200
21,600
7,000
88,700
1,364.000
2,302,000
500,000
106,600
12, 679, 500
8,145^000
1888.
Quantity.
22,245
61,510
423,123
27,930
80,780
84,058
8,745
8,090
42,828
78,824
13,449
25,743
114,993
7,068
2,589
18,490
78,671
189,660
54.103
66.514
860,000
f
90,720
78.960
65^500
6.802
4.536
30.000
230,105
1,265,943
YaliM^
2, (•92,000
6^ 105. 8i8
913,900
94.100
56.400
66,200
8,700
12,200
72.800
92,800
75,300
77,200
80,500
148.300
22,700
62.700
552,000
1,068,590
42,100
90.400
135,000
272,160
118,440
277,600
%,300
84,000
95,000
1,334.600
2,569,000
500,000
173,500
16. 271. 318
8,830,000
•SUyer yen=|0,76.8.
BXPORTa
Aniseed pionls.
Antimony do...
Awttbi, dried do...
Awabi, sbells..... do...
Beans aud peas do...^
Beche de &ier ..■■...•••••. do....
Camphor do...
Camphor oil do...
Copper do...
Copper wire do...
Cotton Koods, snndries value.
Cuttlefish, dried picnls..
Dried fish • do..,
Feathers do..,
Fi.^h oil do...
Gall-nuts do ...
Ginseng do....
aX1U"B >■ •«•««*••••«*«••»■* •Ul#**«*
Isinglass do —
2fl arches castas..
Medicine value..
Miscellaneous articleR, including
Jiorcelaio, laoquvr, screens,
fina, etc ca.*4es..
MuHhrooius piculs..
Bags do....
983
81,009
1,826
1,376
1,500
1,202
86,632
5,808
48,049
1,534
18,921
2,032
1,290
702
1,847
266
10,067
7,237
61,026
8.623
100,983
1.600
148. 8U0
43,800
1,100
2.500
82,400
661.200
25,000
665,400
27.600
10,000
227,000
6,400
16,700
2.000
81,300
11,900
276,600
200,800
80,300
610,200
126, KOO
158,600
746
82,125
662
572
8.')0
1,460
44,364
8,212
92,787
587
21,065
8,384
639
6,076
1,694
498
17, 151
10.300
65^011
88,035
6,812
117,978
1,200
160, 200
16.900
1.900
1,500
89,400
828,100
26,200
826,500
83,100
5,000
252,800
10,800
8,300
27,900
27,900
22.400
205. 3(H1
288,400
650.100
8,800
1,261,026
238.400
224,200
17,125
897
6»117
1,128
85,312
8.974
62,740
1,612
18,422
2.729
266
2,106
2,132
856
7.997
11,033
48,030
86,080
6,421
154,405
126,700
11.900
12,200
24,800
881,000
30,500
1,680,900
87,880
8,500
221,400
8,200
3,2ti0
8,4U0
87,000
16,000
86.200
292,400
489,300
17,500
1 276.000
221.800.
352, OOr
1l
CONTINENT OP ASIA — ^iTAPAN.
167
Imp&rti and eiq^ti of Osaka and flio^o^Gontinued.
2XP0BT3— Continued.
▲rtielM.
nape-seed pioole.
Bice do...
Sea-weed .....do...
Sburks* fins, dried Ho...
Shell fteh do...
Shells. do...
ShrUnps do...
Sinews do...
Soap? cases.
Solpharicadd do...
Teas pounds.
Timber yalue.
Tobacco picnls.
Waste silk and cocoons do. . .
Wax, bees .do...
Wax, fish ...do...
Wax.regetable do...
Sundries (not including abore) .
Tbtal
Tzessnre...
1886.
Quantity.
1,800
684, 829
20,266
616
16,427
3,794
112
85,734
6,270
18, 197, 870
2,605
256
85
120
.12,899
Value.
Ten.
3.900
1, 787, 800
36,600
86,W)0
180,600
85,600
1,600
68,tK)0
37, 000
8, 625. 200
207,30;^
U,900
25,600
1,200
500
203, 100
150,000
9, 598, 900
2,921,000
1887.
Quantity.
1,803
663,269
21,162
612
19,941
17,
7.176
*2I0
103, 674
4 680
408,396
592
574
77
190
16,127
Tslue.
1
^Ten,
3,800
1,634,900
88,100
86,700
819, 400
67,500
2,300
82,900
28,200
8,425,200
35,000
8,300
57,400
2,700
800
245, 700
200,000
11, 321, 600
4,481,500
1888.
Quantity.
8,045
2,855,604
14.148
611
-14,825
8,608
8.418
83.810
6,375
17.649,132
1,156
662
299
14,724
Value.
Ten.
24,200
6,182,300
24.000
12,300
100.600
28.800
117. 800
26,000
41.500
2,822,900
251.200
10,400
59,600
9,000
226,100
800.000
14, 942, 100
1, 272, 000
It will be observed that the above tables show a decided increase in the trade of
this port for each of the years named, the import and export trade for 1886 aggregat-
ing, m yen, 21,000,000 ; in 1867, 35,000,000, and in 1888, 41,000,000. The increase in
lw8 was not maintained over 1887 to the same extent as 1887 was over 1886, because
the expprt in treasure in 1888^ was less hj several millions than daring the two pre-
ceding vears.
The foreign trade of Japan is in equally as prosperous condition. In 1887 it
amounted to $104,108,992, and in 1888 to |131, 160,744, an increase of $^7,051,752.
During 1888 the trade of Great Britain Increased 35 per cent., China's 11 per cent*.
United States' 10^ per cent., Germany's 12^ per cent., and France's 40 per cent. Large
pnrohases of silk at the close of the year added materially to France's trade, as well
as increased the trade of the United States.
TONNAGE. '
The shipping interest of this port is also in a prosperous condition as compared
with last year, which appears from the following tables: t
1887.
Britieh
British
Jaiianeae...
G«rman ....
German....
French
Ameriisen . .
Italian
Norwegian
Bel^um....
Dunlth
Butch ,
Total.
FUg.
Description.
Steamers
Sailing vesaels.
Mail steamers .
Steamers
Sailini; vessels.
Steamers
SailiDff vessels.
.. do*..
Steamers
....do
...do
— do
Entered.
No.
Ton*.
227
847,680
14
16, 082
70
80,848
67
60,223
2
961
52
80.209
10
15,882
1
002
I
1,150
1
660
1
379
1
437
81
604,836
Cleared.
No.
226
14
Ui
67
2
61
10
1
1
429
Tont.
847, 847
15,604
77,871
60.223
668
79,947
15,882
1.150
650
609,832
ri
168
COMMBBCIAL RELATIONS.
U88.
FUg.
British...
British...
JftpaoMe.
German
German «.
French..... •
American .....'
Norwegian
Daniah
Swediab
Total.
Deaoription.
Steameln
Sailing Teasela
Steamers — Sbaaghai
line and foreign porta.
Steamers
Sailing vessela
Steamers
Sailing ▼essels
Steamers
,...do
BailiBg 708801
Entered.
Kc,
14
IM
68
2
M
IS
1
1
1
006
Tout.
619,aS4
16,955
178,877
71,613
500
186,994
26,520
1,167
897
498
932,495
Cleared.
No.
81^
12
186
'i
68
18
1
1
1
601
497,321
14,207
i73fe sn
71,642
560
196,994
16.520
1,107
897
923,188
It will be noticed that the InereMe in the entrance and clearance of American
ships for ItiOQ was, in utiniber, eight more than for 1887, and an increase tonnage of
10,638.
T. B. Jkrkigan.
Unitrd Statbs Consulate,
Osaka and Hiogo, February 27, 1883.
PALESTrtnB.
JBRUSAIiEM.
RBPOBT BY aONSVL QILLKAJf,
ACAUCULTURB.
It wonld seem as if the long continned commercial d^ression which has afflicted
Palestine had reached this year its climax. The prevailing drought has been disas-
trous in its consequences. In many parts of the country all agricultural products,
cereals as well as vegetables and fruits, have been more or less injured, or com-
pletely destroyed for want of rain; while siolcness and death have been alarmingly
frequent.
The '* former rain,'' which generally begins about the close of October, was not
only unusnallv late in making its appearance, but' came in too small an amount to
be of much effect. As a result, plowing was delayed for six weeks later than usual.
The '* middle rain" was markedly deficient in quantity ; and there was little or no
appearance of the ** latter rain " till the month of April, when all hope of it had been
abandoned, and when, in most cases, it was too late to produce the desired effect.
As early as the month of March cattle had been driven into many of the fields to de-
vour the perishing crops, which it was evident, through insufficient moisture, would
not come to perfection.
The volume of the export trade, though usually much smaller .than that of the im-
ports, has receded extraordinarily this year, giving only the amount of $818,160,
against $1,142,710 of imports ; a result that must be ascribed mainly to the bad crops
in consequence of the failure of rain.
In fact, it is claimed that since the year 1876 Palestine has not seen a thorooghly
fruitful year with crops of the maximum abundance; and that the fertility and
strength of the soil have been suft'ering, more or less, during the greater part of this
time, from insufficient rain; and the ensuing commercial impoverishment to the
population of this country, in the course of the last twelve years, at a fair estima-
tion will not fall far short of $4,000,000. This means much for a people already so
poor.
Besides this, other causes have been brought to bear. The increasing competition
of wheat from India has, year after year, excluded Palestine wheat more and more
from the European market: so much so, that at the present time, even with good
orops, the export of this prodact would hardly prove remunerative to our merohiuita.
%
CONTINENT OF ASIA — ^PALESTINE. 169
HowBTer, the oheok to exportation would seem to hftve preveated vaj extraordinary
adyance in prices.
The following statement giyes the prlcea current in our market for wheat, com,
aod other produce :
Per meMure.
WbMt....«. |0.fl«
Barley Wto.60
Flour .• 1.12 to 1.75
tkmts (maise) 80 to. 00
Pom ^ 1.44
Beana l.»
PoUtoet . .06
▼egetablea generally aboat .-.. .M
The measure of wheat contains 8 rot ties, amounting to about 48 pounds.
THB ORANGE AND LBMON CROP.
The produce of the orange and lemon groves of Jaffa and its neighborhood, where
those mills are chiefly cultivated, has been comparatively good, or at least fair.
Owing to the abundant means of irrigation at Jafia, where the water is supplied from
DnmeroQS springs and wells, by means of the ancient wooden water-wheel propelled
by horse-power, the severe drought which so seriously injured fruits in other parts of
Palestine was there of little effect. Asa rule, about two-thirds of this important
orop are exported. Of this, the greater part goos to Turkey itself and to Egypt.
The price realized was $12 per 1,500. The usage is that 1,500 oranges are reckoned to
^he thousand, so as to allow for all losses in transportation, such as decay, etc. Both
oranges and lemons were of good quality; the Jaffa fruit being celebrated for its ex-
cellence the world over. The proportion of the Icmou crop to that of the orange is
about one per cent. A small proportion of limes is also produced, the soil being
equally well adapted for the culture of this valuable fruit.
Theamount oiland at Jaffa and its vicinity devoted tq^the production of these,
fruits had been largely added to during the la^t few years,' and in consequence land
suites to this purpose has greatly advanced in price.
OUYB-OIL AND OLIVES.
This has not been as good a year for olives as was last year. It has been estimated
that the olive groves orJernsalem and the sunf^unding villages have produced about
10,000 gallons of oil, which have sold at |3.15 per gallon. ' Neither the olives nor the
oil produced here are of as fine a quality as those from the Lebanon. It is probabfe
that with better care of the trees, which generally receive but little culture or
attention, the quantity and quality of the crop would be largely improved. The
methods of extracting the oil are also of the crudest and most negligent character.
WINS AND GRAPES.
The {(rape crop also was this year inferior to that of the previous year; but still
was fairly abundant. The grapes of Palestiue are of superior quality and of im-
memorial renown. Tney are ripe ftom July to November; and never suffer from
mildew, and are free from the diseases which have afflicted the vineyards of France
and other countries.
Au excellent aftiole of wine is made here, and at reasonable prices. The German
and Jewish colonies have largely planted vineyards, and have entered on the manu-
facture of wines to a considerable extent. These havd already attracted some atten-
tion, and the export, though at present small, will doubtless improve when the vari-
ous brands of wine are better known. At the German colony at Jerusalem, both
claret and sweet wines are made of excellent quality, and of the pure unadulterated
juice of the grape. Of the latter, one has been pronouuced by competent judges
equal to the celebrated LaohrymcB Christu These wines retail at about 20 cents per
quart bottle. Lower grades of wine are much cheaper.
Vines of the Isabella grape of the United States have been introduced into some of the
vineyards at Jaffa and elsewhere. This grape,^ though among the earliest cultivated
in the Upited States, is there regarded as rather inferior in flavor ; but the climate and
soil of Palestine have greatly improved the fruit, from which a highly esteemed "^iue
has been produced.
' In the German Cofmy a regular press is used to crush the grapes ; but throughout
the country at large the old, primitive methods for accomplishing this are still em-
ployed, as they are in many parts of Europe. Young men, throwing aside their
170 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
onter garments, with feet and legs bared to the thigh, literally tread out the Juice,
which is ran off into woodeu troughs, from which it is fiually drawn or dipped into
barrels or vats, to pass throogh the process of fermentation.
It may Dot be considered out of place to mention, in this connection, that the
*' King's wine-preflses," referred to in Scripture, have been recently identified here.
They are reservoirs cut in the horizontal face of the solid rook, to the northward of
the city, and outside of the site of the third wall. It is to be feared that, in the in-
creased demand for stone for building purposes in the immediate vicinity of Jemsalem,
they will soon fall a pfey to the quarry-men : and so disappear a most interesting
relic, dating back to the times of the kings of Israel and Judah.
PaVROLBlTM AND OTHER IMPORTS.
An encouraging feature as rc^rards imports is that petroleum fh>m the United States
has positively regained some of^its lost ground ; the tables showing this year a sale
of 10,000 cases. As compared with the amount imported in 1887, which was only
1,200 cases, this must be regarded as a most favorable indication of the preference for
the American article, and a return to its use, which I have done everything in my
power to foster. The result must be attributed largely to the oil from Russia not
satisfying in qnality the requirements, notwithstanding the many professions which
have been circulated as to greater care in its refinement and preparation.
It is unnecessary I should repeat the remarks on this subject which I have made in
my previous reports. The only possibility we have of competing here with Russia i^
this article, is in keeping up the standard, and forwardin|^ here only the best quidity
of the oil, while keeping the price as low as possible.
As to the other imports, I beg to refer to the accompanying tables. This is indeed
a restricted field. Articles of every-day use by all classes in the United States^ in a
country so poor as this is, must be regarded by the masses as absolute luxuries.
OLIVE-WOOD WORK.
Among the principal industries of Jerusalem is the well-known olive-wood work.
An average business has been done the past year, though the number of persons en*
gaged in It and the eagerness to sell at low prices, would seem to imply that it is
somewhatoverdone. A great variety of articles are manufactured. Among the larger
are pieces of household furniture, such as tables, writing-desks, chests of drawers, and
wardrobes ; while the smaller articles are of an innumerable description, including
picture-frames, boxes and caskets, co^v^ers for books, paper-knives, ink-stands, and ar-
ticles of devotion, such as crosses, crucifixes, communion services, rosaries, etc.
MOTHER-OF-PEARL WORK.
The town of Bethlehem is the seat of the mother-of-pearl work manufacture, which
it almost completely monopolizes. The shell used is brought for the large pieces,
from the Red Sea. For the smaller pieces, such as beads for rosaries and obapletsthe
Austrian and German article is used. All the work is done by hand. No machinery
is employed. Occasionally work commendable in an artistic sense is produced. The
larger pieces are plaques, often representing ^ronps from celebrated pictures, such as
Leonardo da Vinci's ''Last Supper, '' Nativities, Crucifixions, Resurrections, Madon-
nas, etc. The smaller pieces are in the shape of brooches, various articles of personal
utility or ornament, crosses, rosaries, etc. A large amount of capital is invested in
this and the olive-wood work business, both of which have a world-wid^ reputation.
IMPROVEHEirrS IN JERUSALEM.
During the year about 3^ miles of streets have been paved. The number of houses
finished was seven, while only nine new houses were bnilt. The restriction as to
building, to which I shall presently refer, accounts for the small amount.
The Russian belfry on the summit of the Mount of Olives has been completed, being
capped with a pyramidal roof surmounted with a large gilt cross. This conspicuous
structure, which exceeds 147 feet in height, dominatt's the landscape in all directions
and is distinctly visible from the uorth shore of the Dead Sea. A chime of bells has
be«n placed in it, among them the great bell from Russia weighing 24,000 pounds and
measuring nearly 6 feet in diameter, and which, when every other means of trans-
portation failed, was hauled up from Jaffa to Jerusalem and the Motmt of Olives over
the rongb and difficult roads, at that time unimproved, by Russian pilgrims, largely
women, chauting their hymns as they dragged it up. Another bell, also from Russia,
weighing 47,000 pounds and measuring 6j feet in diameter, has been placed in the
CONTINENT OF ASIA — ^PALESTINE, 171
gained tower of the basilica of Constantine, ia front of the Ctiarch of ttie Holy Sepal-
eher. Those liells, whenTong, fill the air with a wonderfiil tamult of soand.
The charoh erected to the memory of Her Majesty the late Empress of Ransia, also
has been completed. It is dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen, and stands on the slone
of the Monnt of Olives, just above the Garden of Qethsemane. Their imperial high-
nesses, the Grand Dakcg Sergios and Paul, and the Grand Daohess Elizabeth, of Ras-
«ia, -wece piesent at the dadiaatJon.
ROADS CONSTRUCTED.
' The road to Hebron has been completed : so that now carriages can pass over a
handsome maoadamiEed road to that point from Jemsalem. With the exception of
that part of the way crossing the plains of Sharon, the new road to Jaffa has been
finished. A new road to Bethleheni also has been made, with the exception of about
half a mile, still uncompleted, but which can be traversed in a carriage. These are
all finely-bnilt macadamized roads, which would be considered creditable in any
oonntry. ' They have been constrncted, as usual, by the enforced labor of the peasants.
Boads have also l)een commenced from Jerusalem to Jericho, Ain Elarim (the birth-
place of John the Baptist), and Beit DJalla; also from Jaffa to Nablous (aucient She-
obem). The last mentioned, it is expected, will be finished by the close of the year,
and like the others is a fine carriage-way.
THB RAILROAD TO JAFFA.
The long-looked-for railroad from Jerusalem to Jaffa, after so man;f years of disap
polntment, seems at last about to become a realized fact. His Imperial Majesty, the
Sultan has granted a firman for the purpose. This prescribes that the road must be
commenced within six months and finished within throe years, or else the money de-
poaiced as a guaranty shall be forfeited. One of onr wealthiest bankers has left for Con-
stantinople and Paris in order to form a company and complete arran^ments. It is
proposed that the railroad shall approach Jerusalem through the Plain of Bephaim.
COUOmEA OF PALBSTINS.
(Abnization in Palestine, different from that in other countries, has chiefly for its
incentiye a religions motive. Americans have been the pioneers in this modern cru-
sade, opening the way to the succeeding German settlers, who, in tnm, were soon
followed by tne Hebrews.
American colonjf. — On August 10, 1866, thirty families of Americans, numbering one
hundred and fifty-seven individuals, with about a dozen ready-made wood houses,
furniture, etc., sailed from Maine, in the United States, foe the Holy Land, and dis-
embarked at Jaffa on the 22d of the following month. These ** Restorationists," as
ihe^ called theraselyes, looked for a speedy restoration of the earthly kingdom of
Chnst in Palestine.
They must have been considered by the local Ottoman authorities as a species of
foreign invaders ; for only on such supposition can we account for the really barba-
xous treatment to which these immigrants were subjected. Consigned to a plot of
flTonnd on the Sandy Beach outside of Jaffa, fenced in and crowded together like a
flock of sheep in the open air, under the burning Syrian sun, watched by the police,
and all communication with the people of the t-own forbidden, no language can de-
scribe the sufferings of those strangers in a strange land. Suffice it to say, that in
six weeks of this inhuman quarantine they had lost twenty of their number, who
died from climatic feveis, though all had been in good health on leaving the ship.
Although the colony subsequently carried out its object, so far as iff buy the ground
■ necessary for the settlement and erect fifteen block houses, the majority of the colo-
nists were utterly discouraged. The wealthier members returned to thoir homes in
the United States, and the larger portion of the immigrants, conveyed in a ship sent
for the purpose by the United States Government, followed their example within six
months after having first set foot In Palestine. In November, 1868, but lour families
of the original colonists remained, determined to stay at any risk in the country of
their adoption.
GernMfi colonies,— In I86S-'69, the Germans began their immigration into Pales-
tine; but, taking a lesson from the experience of the Americans, came in gradually,
preparing for the main body. They have founded colonies at Jerusalem, Haifa, Sa-
rona, and Jaffa ; at the last mentioned place purchasing as many of the houses and
premises of the nearly deserted American colony as conUl be recovered.
The Germans belong to a Christian sect known as the Templars, originating in
Wtirtemberg, soutbero Germany, in 1854, and believing in the erection of the spirit-
ual temple at Jerusalem for the worship of God by all the nations of the earth. Their
172 OOMMEBCIAIi RELATIONS.
setUementB, in a modttt BenBO, may bo called thrivins. They are at least self-enp-
porting.
Hebrew ooImi<m.— Tkeae Chrutian elforta towards the colonisation of Palestine were
followed, in 1HG9, by a Jewish essay, resalting ip the fonndation of an agrienltarsl
school near Jaffa by the Universal Israelite Alliance at Paris, the protector of which
is the Baron BothsobiJLd. Mikwa-JiTMl (the Hope of Israel), as'tbe institatioa is
named, is calculated to become the seminary for tbe establisbment of Hebrew settle-
raents all over Palestine. By a flrman of the late Sultan, 400 acres of the best land
bave beeu assigned to it, as a kind of fief; I. a., the land has been granted forerer,
aud free of all taxes, on the payment of au annual fee of about $340.
Tbe persecution of Jews m Russia, and their expulsion thence in 1880, ^^ave a
remarkable stimulas to Hebrew immigration to Palestine. ' Hebrew immigrants
flocked into its towns by thousauds. For those who cboso to 1)e farmers, tbe Baron
Rotbschtld has prepared some ten agricultural settlements. Tbese are at differoot
points throughout the Holy Land, aud are named as follows : Rischon, Ekron, Imle-
besee, Qb6d6rah (Gadara), Castinia, Zicron-Jacob, O^ouu^, Isbed, Yehondicn, and
Wadi-Aobnan.
Several of these settlements have entered extensively on the culture of tbe vine,
orange, lemon, and other fruits and products of the soil ; but so far can not be saidto
be self-supporting, as they depend more or less on liberal endowments and advances
of the Alliance at Paris.
About twenty-five thousand souls, or half the population of Jerusalem, are He-
brews, the greater number of which are, to some exteut^ dependent on thecharitable
aid of their co-religionists throughout the world. During the last six years the He-
brew immigration to Palestine has been computed as reaching fifteen thousand indi-
vldaals.
nOKNEflS AND THB WATBB FAMDnS,
As already mentioned, largely owing to the scarcity of water the pastseason, there
has l)een an annsnal amount of sickness and mortality in Jemsalem and Palestine.
Measles became, at one time, epidemic, and of a most virulent typO} proving most
fatal in the case of children, many hundreds of whom died from this disease in the
city alone. In tbe outside towns and villages it was equally severe. The want of
ordinary care and cleanliness has, no doubt, greatly contributed to produce the re-
sult. The number of deaths in Jerusalem during the year amounts to twel'i^hun-
dred.
There never is a sufficient supply of water in the city. In ordinary seasoDS water
sells generally at about 4 cents per goat-skin ; but this year it cost from 8 cents to IS
cents per skin and was of inferior quality, and often conld not easily be obtained
at that. In such a state of things poor people must snfier. Each evening, during
the rainless months, the poor went around with jars, begging the precious lianid ;
while, in many cases, offensive and impure water was used even for drinking. Horses
and mules were gi veo water once only instead of twice a day ; and cattle and sheep were
with difficulty provided with even dirty water, which had to be purchased for them.
The dogs of the city were so devoured with thirst that, on finding a cistern open,
they would plunge down into it, where not seldom they were drown^. Tbe erection
of new buildings was prohibited by the governor, in order to spare the use of water
as much as possible ; and, finally, a system was organiaed to bring in a supply ^m
distant springy, which, though sold 'at a high price, partially helped to mitigate the
distress. •
The scenes which I myself have witnessed in some of the neighboring villages, at
the almost exhausted springs and fountains, were painful in the extreme. One day
in October, in passiua^ through Lifta, the first village outside of Jerusalem, on the
Jaffa road, I beheld the most pitiful sight of crowds of famishing men, women, and
children struggling for water around the dribbling aud nearly spent fountain. And
I was assured that similar scenes to this, of which I was theu a spectator, had gone
on from morning till night for more than two months.
The setting in of the rainy season at the close of October, of course brought the
longed- (or relief from the worst phases of this distressing state of things.
8UPPLYIKO THB CITY WITH WATBB.
It was impossible to pass through such an experience as I here have described without
making some attempt not only to alleviate tlie present misery, but also to take such
action as would, if possible, prevent, or rather counteract, so far as human measures
can do so, the recurrence of its cause. The number of disused fountains throughout the
city, which are now only receptacles for rubbish and filth, distinctly show that Jerusa-
lem wafi at one time, and that within a comparatively recent period, abundantly pro-
vided VI ith water. This was doubtless conducted by the aqueduct from Solomon's
CONTIKENT OF ASIA — PALESTINE.
173
Pools, where sd abtrndanoe of water is still Ibund. Tradition says this aqaeduct was
origioally made by Solomon and rooonatruott^d by Pontius Pilate. About two years ago
this eondnit, which had been suffered to get out of order so that it brought in little,
and at length no water, was put into emh a condition as once more to convey a small
supply into the Mosque of Omar, the site of the Holy Temple. With proper repairs
to this work, and the restoration of the yarions cisterns, reservoirs, and fountains of
Jerusalem, so as to have means for storing up the supply for the dry season and
against a time of drought, tiie desired end would be accomplished. ' Even more
abundant means for gathering and preserving the rain-fall would contribute to a sim-
ilar result.
With this object, of the greatest importance to the people of Jerusalem, I have
nsed such influt-noe as I possess to bring the matter to the knowledge of friends in a
position to aid the work, and with most encouraging results. - The press in America
and Europe have warmly advocated the measure, and subscriptions nave been taken
on both sides of the Atlantic to carry out the object. Twenty-six years ago the pres-
ent Lady Burdett-Contts offered £30,000 for the purpose of supplying Jerusalem with
water ; but waa frustrated in her benevolent design by various obstructions and ob-
jections. There would now be no such difficulty. All alike, whether Moslem, Jew,
or Christian, favoring the project, and testifying that the work would be an incalcu-
lable blessing to the people, there can be no doubt the necessary firman would be
granted*
DSCLARBD BZP0RT8.
During the year ending September 30, 1888, the value of the declared exports from
this consular district, consisting chiefly of mother-of-pearl work/ olive-wood work,
olive oi^ wine, brandy, etc, is as follows : Quarter ending December 31, 1887, ^6.99 ;
March 31, 188r), |916.b*2; June 30, 1888, (536.69; September 30, 1888, $425.80 ; making
a total of ^,156.10.
JAFTA.
The town of Jaffa, the port of this consular district, has been, within the year,
greatly improved by the erection of a good custom-house, with solid and spacious
warehonses; in connection with which a substantial stone wharf has been con-
structed for the better accommodation of visitors to Palestine. The cost of the build*
ing amounted to (30,000.
' HXNBY GlIXMAN,
Consul,
Uhitkd States CoNStTLATB,
JsriMaiem, December 13, 1888.
Value of declared exports from the Consular Distriei of Jerusalem to ike United States
during the four quarters of the year ended June 30, 1888.
Artleles.
Qouters ending—
TotaL
Sept 80, 1887.
Dea 81, 1887.
Mar. 81, 1888.
Jane 30, 1888.
$10.00
naoo
7.60
760.00
6.00
12.00
143.60
58.23
$80.00
OliTeof]
7.60
Olive-wood and motherof-posrl ...
fl,a08.75
21L99
$140.81
2,630.05
5.60
Sftsftme oil ..>■..•.....••.....
0^.38
108.38
Spirita
143.50
Wine .....^
25.00
83.22
Tofal in TTnitod 8t«tM sold. .
Total for DFAoedniff t^v . . .
l,20a78
270.90
1, 010. 02
586.00
8,080.06
2,809.36
•BltrMMI
729.19
.
^
174
COMMERCIAL BELATI0N8.
ImporU «l lafafar ik« ydor ending September 50, 1888.
DflMription.
▲l^SUCAH 000D6b
I^eather, oloth, tinware, ete
Candles Mid panfflne
Coal toaa..
Coffee Backs..
Copper and metsls..
Drugs and medicines
Flour sacks..
Fish, dry and salt
Furniture
Olassware, earthenware
Grocery
Hardware
Hides pieees..
Indigo and dyestuflb
Iron tons..
Leather •
Machines:
Sewing .pieces..
Engines do
Manufactures of cotton, wool, dlk
Mother-of*pear3 • .....
Beads of Mecca
Nuts and pistsccias
Petroleum :
Russian cases at $1.15..
American cases at $L 85..
Potatoes sacks..
Paper :
Stationery
T^r cigarettes
Rice sacks..
Salt tons at $19..
Soda > forsoai»-making..
Sugar oases..
Tea
TUes and bricks...
Tobacco
Wines snd liquors.
Wood and timber .
Tarn.....
Sundries
Qoantity.
Total.
660
1,609
6.290
8,000
UO
8
2,400
10,000
1,500
21,000
550
9.700
Taloe en-
tered.
1700
8,000
6.900
46.000
6^000
98,0u0
81,200
19,000
9,000
15,000
8,000
15,000
16,500
27,600
65.000
20,000
1,210
6.500
265^000
8.800
5,000
8,400
27 600
13,600
4.900
15.000
14.000
109, 240
10.450
23,000
90.300
3,400
10.000
11,200
45.000
89,000
9.000
60,000
1,142,710
Cowitries whenee kapoiied.
United I
France, Belgium.
Yemen,
England. France, Germany.
Frmn all ooontriea.
Russia, Austria.
BgyptL Hollaod. England.
Austria, Itmnce, Russiab
Austria, Belgium. France.
France, Snglaod. AnsUia.
England, Anstri^ Oermaay.
India, Austria. France.
Belgium, England, Friuuse.
France, Turkey.
Oermanr.
England.
England, Garmany, Aastri%
aU countries.
Arabia, Austriik
Yemen. «
Turkey.
Russia.
United States TiaBeimti Al
dria.
Turkeyr Austria. France.
Austria. France, Germany.
Do.
Egypt, India, England, Italy.
Africa.
Egypt, England.
Fnince, Austria, Egypt.
England. Gennany, aussia.
France, Italy.
Persia.
Cyprus. Russia, Franee.
Austiia, Turkey, Bnssia,
mania.
EDgland.
From all oonntriea.
and
Ndvigatian at the port of Jaffaf Paleatinef for the year ending September 30, 1888.
Flag.
•
From or to—
Entered.
Cleared.
Steamers.
Sailing Tessels.
Steamers.
■
Sailing Teasela.
Austrian ..
English....
French . . . -
Trieste, Constantino-
ple.
Liverpool
Marseilles, Constanti-
nople.
Hambnrg
Greece. Turkey ......
No.
90
88
77
1
Tont.
100,703
20.251
110,727
814
No.
8
Tom.
1,107
No.
90
88
77
1
Tom.
100,793
20,261
110,727
814
No.
8
Tpnt.
1,107
Oermsn ...
Greek
8
6
502
1,287
1.130
19,835
8
5
591
1,287
Italian
Grenoa
Ottoman .
Russian . . .
BjiypN Turkey
Odessa, Alexandria. ..
139
52
136,570
83,542
189
52
186.670
83,542
"
COiaiTIN)SNT OF ASIA — SIAIL
175
SIAM.»
fmporU at BangJcoJc for the year 1887.
AiOOm.
WMte ihirtijics . . .pieoes .
Gray ahiitiiigs do.
Fifnrtid shirtiBga do..
CoTo/ed piece goodfl do. .
Turkey-red dotha do . .
Long olotha do..
Linen do..
Printe and ohintset — do. .
HadapollMns do..
Cunbrios do..
HieoellAaeoiu piece goode,
W^ieeee
ooUen goods pieoea..
CanTM .bolte..
CbowU eorges..
White tyrlst bales..
Sod twist do..
Colored twist...... ....do..
Hsrdware padksges..
Earthenware do
Crookeryware do —
Brass and eopper ware
packages..
Copper sheathing.. pionls..
Glassware eases..
SiWerware packages..
Itcb piouls..
Steels kegs..
Mschinrry paokages..
Jewf'lry parcel..
Ship chandlery .paokagea..
Fancy goods do
fiandnes .....■.•••...do....
Gokltiiread *....do....
Silk thread ..........do....
Cotton thread....... do....
Bilk piece goods .... pieces . .
Bilk crape do
Bilkehowls do —
Bilktrowsers do....
Opinm chests..
Coals tons..
Charcoal.. paokages..
Goanyhags hales..
Mat hags pieces..
Mattings do....
Tirs oraokers. . .packages. .
Tea — do....
Joss paper do —
Joss sticks..... do....
Gold paper do
Paper do —
fowling piecea, nmnkets,
sndgnns pieces..
Medicue ....... paokages . .
TTmhrellss, do....
Bait garlic .jars..
Gold leaf boxes..
Vermicelli packages..
Tobacco do —
Cigars cases..
Floor .barrels..
Fmits paokagea..
Tegetablsa do....
Cloth bozM numbers. .
Tiles pieces..
Bisonits eases..
Matches do....
From
Singapore.
343|709
207,964
6,138
820,677
16,414
1,476
1,029
41,736
12,120
21.062
866,103
21.888
4.310
MO, 380
86,026
60,310
05.486
67, 076
11.322
836
11,240
12,160
42,120
0,297
20.626
14.169
87.660
832,350
64,200
28,268
811,046
4,700
103
18,800
8»610
184
470,537
6,066
11.061
856.226
126
48.697
924
13,826
648
17,080
29,640
8,710
76
6.076
280
6,867
1,267
1.680
18.260
16,920
From
Hong-
Kong.
From
China.
$27,366
17,850
40.468
66,240
1,600
0,136
80,600
950
1,185
4,214
68,928
1.850
1.440
197,053
12,681
42,147
6.004
6,158
1.126
963
12,337
26.180
34.318
3,288
16,890
19,440
40,245
18,400
18.500
47.532
168.130
14.805
15.020
1,876
23,156
26,455
50,481
6,608
3,870
60
84,960
From
Europe
and
Amextoa.
From
coast.
Total
quantity.
$130
9,025
1,025
1,400
160
240
159
7.908
460
8,064
50
10,185
706
7,825
6,160
8.864
670
2,718
"726
$312
2,675
9,672
82.290
""876
78
1.600
100
8,'i76
8,485
126
880
160
$601
2,280
775
2.647
17.038
96
5,688
^836
400
171,864
128.540
3,720
229,065
12.845
305
147
84,813
9,330
23,372
895,902
2,775
617
68.361
1,147
550
1 460
8.896
10
8,164
646
8,874
149
6,896
4,750
1.800
862
1.764
140
. 63
660
18,885
1,480
14.049
2.694
968
1.836
87.018
14.254
189,830
663,850
8,689
5,061
548
8,677
1,250
4^524
16
1.838
1.613
171.320
67
1.984
1.659
106
16.640
IN 847
20.022
4,0^i5
1.838.000
917
5.088
Total
▼alae in
Mexican
money.
$343,709
207,264
6,138
820,677
10,414
1,475
1,028
41,736
12,129
22,563
295,968
22,200
4,319
649,380
86,026
60,310
05,485
07,400
72,487
835
90,160
12,000
51,870
39.996
20,685
14.247
90,000
832,250
65,486
80,129
807.188
7,000
1.543
18,000
111,464
12,681
42,147
6,188
470, 537
14.603
11,166
856,850
6,678
66.323
26,230
85.427
3,288
15,462
20,146
67.020
548
86.760
48,800
51,306
171,840
14,880
16,590
7.950
23,156
26,735
60,066
6,065
6.270
18,480
101,880
* This sod the following tables were reoelTed at tha Consulate General la printed fona from tha
176
COMMERCIAL llELATIOIirS.
%
Imp4frU tit Bangkok far the year 1687— ContinnedL
Aitlclct.
From
Singapore.
From
Hong-
Kong.
From
China.
From
"ST
Amerioa.*
From
ooaat.
Total
qoantl^.
Total
ralne in
Kexicaa
money.
Candles •••••••••••.. OMM..
110,868
10.830
10,746
-
8,640
601
1,822
810.468
Cntlery paol»gee..
Lead picQla..
Tln» do....
8,670
866
8,030
17,430
646
12.158
LfouoTS ............ casks .
62; 230
200,924
30,478
82.672
28,412
1,867
879
"ilm
"6,680'
204,638
18^916
134.880
18,6*8
23,788
782
82
2L260
806
1,134
28
4
18.8S0
2,804,507
5,188
369,800
860
80
190
850
9.800
16
2Ki,380
Mnlaftaes aiix......tnbs..
82,158
Kerosene oil omos..
Lamp oil plcols..
Betel nut do. . . .
389,416
90,668
66,417
26,635
4,000
6,484
8.640
29,875
2,858
766
78,062
63,381
88,332
2.862
9,482,993
1,060
8,520
""iiH'
48,726
215.813
120,-838
65||417
Bee's-ivax do. ...
1,086
8,081
27.729
Raw silk do....
7,881
Patoa paokairea..
Shoes ..•.•..... do....
&4a4
7.000
650
70
•
10,710
8flL836
Hats do.--.
Paris goods do
Billes and ammunition
packages.'.
Bogar piouls..
(kMoa-nnts pieces...
Corragated iron pionls. .
Fire*Tro6d pieoes..
Treasare ...... .....Dozes..
•
• • • • « *%• » m
2,80
765
88,872
86,984
224
80,568
74,178
33,832
1,656
4,418
1,842,543
8,836,536
' 1,^00
Onopowder pounds . .
2.528
Cartridffes iileoee. .
Shot kegs..
1,864
1,664
Totals
6,096^106
2,723,936
70,618
87,921
67,769
0,816,249
ExporUfor Bangkok from the year 1887.
Artiolea.
iftiee picols.
Broken rice do...
Paddy do...
Sapan wood do...
Ivory do...
Bastard cardamom do. . .
Beat cardamom do...
Gamboge do...
Salt meat do...
Plabaang do...
Plaaallt do...
Dried maaaels do...
Pelican qaUls do...
Betel nnt do...
Kraobi wood do.-.
Sharks' fins X
White
Black do...
Krabowaeed do...
Bnffalo bones do...
Buffalo horns do...
Btiffalo hides do. . .
Buffalo hoofs do...
Khinooeroa horns ..... .do...
BbinoceroB hides do...
Hide cuttings do...
Turtle ahells do...
Peacock tails pieces .
Beohe de mer piruls .
Fiah maws ,., do..,
Cntcb do...
Pnngtalai seed do...
Oambenjamin do...
▲gill* wood do ..
fiay akina »—«■■■»■»»■ ■■do.. I
For Hong-
Kong.
$7,267,871
72,420
6,710
42,868
8,147
01,169
83,787
3,126
17,559
26,939
90
116,617
177
20
214
655
1,628
1,577
9.151
14,427
6,436
718
15,606
60
6,170
767
„6
468
"'iii'
*6,"766'
For Singa-
pore.
12,611,166
7,106
3.489
2,563
15,566
21
17, 812
24,837
157, 210
118. 164
7,609
80
50
S91
48,171
225.032
863
6
15
61
16
127
81
66,886
1,876
For
China.
$8,880
61,667,867
648
4,757
16
120
4,870
195
6,918
200
8,508
75
820
For En-
rope.
Total quan-
tity.
6,442
6,662,620.60
79. 714. 16
12,048.66
29,768.47
87.87
8,714.79
226.08
: 830. 48
11,148.47
82,03L36
21,759.22
81,85L11
12.81
12.79
187.81
9.
17.68
64.74
177.65
677.86
195.70
460.15
108.82
335^
8.17
713.66
82.46
35
6.16
43.01
20.03
62.84
622.90
88.86
Talae in
Hexiosa
money.
811,419,618
79,985
18. M8
66.620
24,718
91,206
83L907
20.438
46,166
186.279
118,252
181,144
177
100
4U
705
2,619
1,577
17,604
62,678
281, plO
718
15,606
65
6,033
778
21
61
484
142
178
65,886
7,850
CONTINENT OF ASIA — SIAU.
177
Exports far Bangkok from the year 1887— Con tinaed
Articles.
For Hong-
Kong.
Old deer honii ploula . .
Soft deer horns pairs. .
Deeridnews piooLi..
Dner hides pieces..
D^r hides, common ... .do ...
Elephant hides picals..
Elephant bones do....
Tiger boues do —
Tiger skins. pieces..
TigL-rgliie picals..
Otter Rkins do —
Armadillo skins do
Stick lao do
Hemp ...........do....
Feathers do
Bird's nests ....do —
Sagar do —
Pi'pper do ..
Peas ....do ...
Lotos seed do....
Niger seed do
Basel seed do
Bat ley do....
lionx peppor do....
Onions do....
Tamarind do....
Cleaned cotton do..,
TJncIeaned cotton do..,
Bean cakes do...
Teak plank do...
Teak timber do...
Log ends. ............. .do. . .
Bosewood ............ ..do...
Iron wood........... . ..do...
Padoo wood do...
Tellowwood do...
Ebon^ do...
Scantling do...
Mangrove bark do...
Salt ....oovans
Salt fish picals..
PIa(4M>flsh do...
Dried prawns do....
Sharkskins do...
Snake skins « do...
Licatber do
Tobacco paokaj;es..
Tallow piculs..
Wood oil do ...
G-om damiff do....
Chnnam number..
Empty pota do
Raw silk picals..
Gold wars ooxes..
Meal picals..
Tin do
Iron pans pieces..
Ashes picals..
Bnitaloes. heads..
Bollooks do
?«» packages..
Lead picals..
B6es*-wax do
Kranjee wood do....
Sundries do
Trsaanre ,...do
Total
2.466
10,829
8,879
1,702
40
87
051
410
42
82
4
7,942
2,837
4,461
297,533
8.030
91,227
1,450
28,784
17,279
884
48
882
92
21,056
13,929
120,453
162,935
2,243
99.617
12,004
21,120
For Singa>
pore.
156
27,d62
150
482,200
16,030
124,763
8,267
796
1,302
90
For
China.
840
70
ISO
'266
900
For En-
rope.
7,230
2,450
2,458
199
8,118
80,193
3,161
8,006
14
000
17,020
160
240
8,813
08.493
1,100
1,430
79, 152
1,734
8,904,886
15,224
15,850
51
627
02,030
100, 250
240
1,617
"'*06*
22,080
87,200
17,082
2,870
80
1,242
192,238
1,680
8,348
23,958
159,904
4,626,695
11,637
14,902
6,540
28,146
92,921
12,000
3.701
4,400
100
093
131
1,000
8,003
2,440
219,812
41.049
6.500
130, 631
1,760,380
Total qoan*
Uty.
264.25
2,0921
013
8.754
05
13.97
118. 14
65.80
66
.46
.86
282.12
3,127.37
290.40
180.35
118.94
2.765.50
20, 000.*25
0,670.00
66, 170. 70
4,088.82
282L00
564.50
64.00
45.70
6,457.00
067.00
8,074.42
5,787.56
348.00
120,402.04
234, 101. 72
8,150.50
51,800.00
15,112.20
22, 035. 00
06.00
1,551.00
l,726w01
8,085.00
37^
. 03. 074. 10
57, 040. 84
250.60
1.30
100.05
058.72
08. op
202.28
0.00
143.031.00
42,050.00
210 00
2.00
83, 138. 60
2, 260. 30
602.00
1,672.00
88.00
15^263.00
22.00
124.00
03.00
1,000.00
Value in
Mexican
money.
02,400
10,820
0,710
1,855
40
87
061
410
108
82
4
8,002
27.062
2,818
4.401
207,583
0,708
074,387
16,480
104,010
26,540
705
1,030
144
832
7,887
2,548
82,602
28.831
6,540
173.660
430,287
2.243
112. 217
10, 008
25,520
151
2,458
1.334
8,811
2.803
04,770
110, 551
8,215
14
000
17,050
330
1,257
05
8,755
.710
22,080
87,200
21,205
05,803
504
1,160
1,242
102,238
1,680
1,436
8,348
1,000
160,434
171. 218
*15. 503, 410
•Inoladfaig$48,060forthePhfflppiaes; $35,000forDatoh India; #88,300 for theooast ports; and$20,113
for Saigon.^
10611 o
178
COBfMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
Naiiffdtionat Bangkok durimg tkepear 1887.
ENTBRBD.
FUg.
Sail:
Siamese
British
Germfin
FruDoh
Dutch
American
Swedish and Norwegian
Italian
Austrian
Junk '
Steamers:
BriUsh
Siamese
German
French
Swedish and Korwegian.
Total.
With cargoes.
»
8
1
1
8
2
219
9
84
8
362
2Vms:
8,360
2,379
867
580
1«478
802
157,581
3,788
78,011
6,929
255,229
Inballart.
4
5
5
1
2
8
4
1
28
8
70
Tbm.
1,277
5,010
4,148
470
1,577
1,414
8,137
865
84,503
i7,'i24
8,475
72,995
TotaU.
96
18
6
1
2
1
6
6
1
247
9
98
13
8
482
Tong.
9,648
7,389
4,510
470
1,677
530
2,886
3,939
865
192,084
3,789
90.135
6^929
8,475
828,224
Grand
total.
$85,042
19,636
19,1
7,134
62.562
8,9b5
67,769
7,5181122
95,766
^004.638
72,002
9,946,2tt
CLBABED.
Flag.
British
Siamese
German
French
American
Dutch
Swe<len and Norway.
Italian
Austrian
Jnoka
Total.
Steamers with
ballast.
No.
8
Tonnage.
1,599
1,599
Sailing vessda.
No.
14
28
8
1
2
4
8
2
62
Tonnage.
ID, 0.12
12,380
5,381
530
2,705
1,840
1,851
1,635
86»847
Valaeof
cargoes.
$406,053
425.888
217,^7
laTSO
84,858
66.981
68, 789
69,654
162,540
1,51^770
Flag.
British
Siamese
Geiman
Fiench
American
Dutch
Swedeu and Norway.
Italian
A iiHt rian ,
Junks
Total
Steamers.
No.
293
9
96
11
8
858
Tonnage.
182,889
8,664
89,092
5,800
8,494
284,930
Value of
cargoes.
$9,293,935
81. 811
4, 519, 895
48,856
180, 113
14, 074, 640
Grand total.
No.
268
87
104
14
1
8
7
3
2
423
Tonnage.
192,941
16.044
94.473
7,899
580
2,705
4,834
1,851
1,685
Value of
cargoes.
$66,988
80,713.988
5^747.242
48,856
18.750
84^358
197.094
697654
162.540
822,412
15,593,410
United States Consulate,
Bangkok, 8iam, 1888.
Jacob T. Ghiu>,
ContuUGonmU.
aOSTUXEST OF ASIA*— PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 179
THE PHELIPPIKE ISLANDS. .
RBPORT BY OOSaUL WBBB, OF MANILA,
Before presenting what is intended for my first annnal report of the trade and com-
merce of the Philippine Islands it may be proper for me to poach upon the preserves
of the historian and geographer sufficiently to show American merchant« and manu-
&oturers what kind of a field ,for business is to be found here. In order to do this
effectively it may be necessary to carry this report out to what may be at first con-
aidered an nnnecessary length, but to understand the commercial possibilities of a
country one must have, at least, an idea of its distinctive features, the habits and
needs of its people, the customs prevalent, and its natural products. These wi th other
important features I shall endeavor to cover as briefly and concisely as possible.
Before leaving the United States, in November last, I searched araoug my own books,
as well as among the remarkably extensive collection of the Public Library of St. Louis,
Ho., for a description of Manila and the Philippine Islands that would give nie a rea«
sonably accurate idea of the country to which I was about to go. The most volumi-
nous and graphic work I could find Was written nearly one hundred and fifty years
a^o, and of course could not be taken as a guide to the islands to-day, to say nothing
ol the exasperating character of the typography, and the matteiv of mod^'ru date, iu-
cinding the various encyclopedias, I have 8ince discovered was not strictly accurate
in many important statements. I am forced to the conclusion, therefore, that Amer-
ican bosiness men, as a rule, know comparatively little of the vast and populous ter-
ritory embraced in the Philippine archipelago or of its commercial possibilities, and
that they will gladly receive something more than a merely statistical statement of
last yeaPs trade and commerce
I aeeire, also, to explain that the delay in making this report is due to the fact that
the annual commercial report of the local goverameot, upon which 1 have been com-
pelled t-o rely for the major portion of my statistical matter, was not issued until the
14th instant, and the labor of preparing tables and reducing the quantities from kilo-
grams to tons, and the prices from Manila silver to American gold, has occupied the
major portion of my leisure time since then. However, the intorced delay has given
me an opportunity to become better acquainted with the country and its people, and
I can write more confidently and accurately than I could have done six t^ouths ago.
Spanish is the official language, and is practically the only language spoken.
Those American business men who desire to extend their trade to this particular
Sart of the world should understand at the outset that a'^kuowledge of Spanish is in-
ispensable, and that they will greatly >dvance their interests here if they conduct
their correspondence in that language, unless it is addressed to the one American or
five or six English houses, and even in those all the employes speak Spanish. A bet-
ter idea of the situation will he obtained from a knowledge of the general character
of the population. From the most reliable statistics obtainable there are in Manila
II Americans and 250 Europeans, exclusive of Spaniards, perhaps 100 of which
number are English, the other 156 oeing Germans, Italians, French, etc. It is pos-
aible that there are 125 persons who speak English, and against them are 6,189
Spaniards, 20,157 Chinese, 46,066 Chinese Mestizos, 13,849 Spanish Mestizos, and
613,489 natives, all speaking Spanish except a small percentage of natives, who speak
only Tagaloc, Papgasinan, visayas, or other native dialects. As soon as a Chinaman
arrives he immediately sets to work to learn Spanish and Tagaloc, and with the help
of his fellow-countrymen, who have already learned these languages, he soon knows
enough to begin tradlag or usurping the functions of a dray-horse. It \& quite un-
nsual to hear English spokeui except in the homes of the Engli^ and Americans or in
the buBtness houses of that nationality.
OEOQRAPHICAL A2ID HISTORICAL.
•
The Philippine Islands are situated between latitude 5^ 32' and IQ^' 38' north, and
longitude 117 and 126 east. The islands are bounded on the north by the Pacific
Ocean; on tUb south by the South China Sea; on the east by the Celebes Sea and
Borneo, and on the west by the Channel and Island of Formosa. They .form a
Spanish colony and comprise over five hundred islands, some of which have
never been explored, having an area of about 52,647 English square miles.
The total population, as given by the census of 1883, including the Spanish army
and navy, was 7,636,632, but these figures, it is believed, do not truthfully repre-
sent the whole number of persons who exist on the various islands. As stated
above, some of them have never been fully explored and on others it is extremely
dangerooa for a white man to set foot. There are also parts of the island of Luzon,
>
180 COMMERCTAL RELATIONS.
which island has probably the larjg^ost civilized popalation of any one of the archi-
pelago, where white men never go. In some of the moantainoos parts the sava^^ are
still unsubdued, and, I am told, hate tlie Spaniards with all the intensity of their fiery
uiv^amed natore, and being unable tatlistiugnish between a Spaniard and any other
nationality of pale-faced men foreigners seldom enter those districts. It is generally
believed that if a white man should penetrate into the wild parts of some of the isl-
ands he would never return. It is quite certain that white men seldom or never go
Tery far from the outskirts of civilization unattended by a native. I know an Ameri-
can who has lived in the Philippines for about thirty -five years, who is married (to ^
all iuteuts and purposes) to a native woman, and speaks fluently Tagoloc and Yx- *
sayas as well as Spanish. He has probably gone as lar into the interior as any white
man, but he frankly admits that there are places where he would not dare to go, know-
ing that a whit'C man would be promptly killed on sight. Under these oiroumstanoea
it is impossible at present to secure a true census of the population.
The principal islands are divided into twenty-seven provinces, thirteen of which
are on the Isle of Luzon; four on the Isle of Negros; three on Panay, and four on
Mindanao. Each of these islands has itsgoremor and each province and distriot haa
its ** gobemadorcillo" or sub-governor. The principal cities and shipping ports, and
the only onen that do any foreign trade, are Manila, on the Isle of Luzon ; Iloilo, on
Panay, and Cebu, on the island of that name.
It would be supererogat ion for me to attempt to more than briefly allude to the
early history of the islands. It is given in various forms in different works and those
who are anxious to ascertain bow widely some historians may differ in their slS^te-
ments of what are chronicled as historical facts should consult the encyclopaedias and
and other published records. It is a reasonably well-established fact that the islands
were formally annexed to the crown of Spain, in 1565, and that for many years that
nation bad its hands full in its efforts to hold on to them. Not only was there con-
tinual trouble and conflict between the civil and ecclesiastical authorities on the
inside, but, on tbe outside, Portugal and the Netherlands, feeling that they never
would be really prosperous until they had acquired possession of the rich and val-
uable property, were making the most annoying and harassing efforts to accomplish
this end. Attacks were also made by powerful Chinese piratical fleets, and in 1762,
while Spain was very busy attending to all these troublesome elements, the Euglish
stepped in and captured Manila, which they held for two years and then returned it
to Spain in consideration of a ransom of £1,000,000. This ransom, however, was
never paid.
An English writer says that " England never exacted the payment," but he does
not say why Spanish historians give the impression that Spain, having disposed of
some of ice most urgent business turned toward Manila, and that England, concluding
that that city was not such a wonderfully desirable piece of property aftor aU, aban-
doned it. Between the two records the truth may perhaps be found.
THE CIVILIZBD NATHTES.
Soon after the discovery of the islands, Roman Catholic missionaries flocked to
them in large numbers, and the work of converting the natives was carried on with
great vigor. It was a most excellent field for these self-sacrificing and earnest men,
lor they found the natives religious by nature and ready to adopt the first attractive
form of worship that came to them.
To-day all the civilized natives are Catholics and no other religion has any de-
clared re])re8eutation nor place of worship on any of the islands. Tfa^y are most de-
voted adherents to their church, and one has but to go about aay of the cities or
towns during Lent, Holy Week, or any other religious festival to become impressed
forcibly with their earneHtness and loyalty to tbe priesthood. The pure native has a
strong eloiueiit of sonlfitlness in his nature that manifests itself in love of music and
an inclination toward the forms and ceremonies of religious worship, and while, as a
rule, he has no capacity for money-getting or the ordinary duties of life, he never
neglects his prayers nor fails to lift his hat and bow reverently when he passes a
church or wayside altar. Unquestionably the church has done much good for the na-
tives, as it has raised them from a condition of savagery and vagabondage to a fair
degree of citizenship, and the clergy, who now number nearly 2,000, 1 am told, have a
hold upon their affection and loyalty that no civil power can disturb.
Butdcspiteall the civilizing influences brought to bear upon them, the majority of the
natives cling to many of their half-savage customs and practices. For instance, they
have no idea of the nseof knife, fork, or spoon, but squat upon the floor of their nipa huts ^
and eat with their fingers, just as their ancestors did centuries ago. They sleep on
the floor or earth on tliin mats of woven strips of bamboo or a fiorous j>lant of the
lily family, and only remove their clothing in the morning to wash themselves, which
they do by taking a pail of water and pouring it over their heads. The^ ordinary
dress for ft man is a thin muslin or gauze shirt and a pair of short, baggy trousers of
CONTINENT OP ASIA — ^PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 181
*
tbe same material. He doesn't mind having his clothing wet^ for the air is generally
warm and he can dry himself in the snn at almost any time. His food is rice ^nd
Ashy generally, bat of late years many of the natives have followed the example of
Europeans and eat meat when they can get it. Of conrse, this description applies
only to the middle and lo^er classes 'of natives ; there are many who have attached
themselves 1o European households and business hoases who, although they still eat
with their fingers, dress quite tastefully, and are very neat in their outward api>ea]>
ance.
DRUNKEXXESS.
Drunkenness is the rare exception among the natives, and although there are more
than half a million of them in Manila and its suburbs, I have not seen one under the
influence of liqnor in any degree since I have been here. Although the majority of
the Europeans drink wine, liquor, and beer freely, the natives do not yet seem to
have acquired the habit to any extent. Strong drink is sold openly on almost every
street. ^
UNCIVILIZED NATIYBS.
As I have said before, there are a number of unsubdued tribes in various parts
of the archipelago who still refuse to recognize the Spanish Government or pay tribute
to it, but the latter, instead of resorting to force, which would be followed by a great
deal of bloodshed and no really beneficial resnlt>s, is pursuing the wise policy of
gradually bringing the recalcitrant or rebellious leaders into the church and impres-
sing them with the wisdom of graceful submission to the dominant authority. Less
than four months ago two petty chiefs were baptised and taken into the church with
unusually impressive ceremonies, and it is reasonable to suppose that at least the ma-
jority of the members of their tribes will soon follow. It is apparently only a ques-
tion of time when every native in the entire archipelago will pay tribute to Spain and
worship devoutly before a Catholic altar.
The last census returns show the number of natives not subject to the civil govern-
ment, and paying no tribute, to be 602,853, but how the census-takers obtained these
seemingly exact ngures I can not imagine, when, as 1 have shown, white men are
not permitted to invade the mountainous districts where these people live. From
reports that have reached me I am inclined to believe that the figures are too small
and that the censns- takers have enumerated only those who were approachable by
the civilized natives. It is said among the incorngibles that the natives who have
submitted to civilization are in quite as bad odor as the white mau ; that their wild
brothers are ashamed of them and will have nothing to do with them. But there
are tribes who are, apparently, *'on the feuce'' as it were; who are ready, under
slight provocation, to toppio over into civilization or back into extreme savagery,
and who receive their civilized brethren with some show of cordiality and hospitality.
These are probably the Ones connted by the census- taker.
But these unfriendly tribes have one redeeming quality — they are not aggressive
and never attempt to raid their civilized neighbors. They are quiet and peaceable
until their haunts are invaded, when they promptly and vigorously resent the in-
trusion. I am told, also, that at stated times they will trade with Chinese peddlers,
but will not allow the latter to approach near them. The peddler deposits his pack
at a designated spot and walks away to a considerable distance while the Indians
come forward, take such goods as they want and leave in payment various rare
gums, fine woods, leaves, roots, plants, etc., which the peddler can dispose of in the
cities at an enormous profit. There is an exhibition of mutual confidence in these
transactions that is exceedingly beautiful in these degenerate times. The Indians
seem to.be very honest and liberal, and the peddler is generally well satisfied with
what he finds on his return to his pack. •
THE NATIVES AND THE CHINESE.
The number of natives paying tribute is 5,501,356. The number of Mestizos,
Chinese, and Spanish, as shown above, is very large. Tbe Chinese and natives
.affiliate quite readily, although there is a manifest disposition on the part of the lat-
ter to treat their almond-eyed neighors rather contt^mptnously. This feeling is due,
to some extent, to the fact that the Chinaman makes money readily and rapidly,
and knows how to keep it, while the native has not the remotest idea how to do
either. The Chinaman always has money and the native is in a chronic condi-
tion of impecuniosity. Then the Spaniards look upon John very much as the Cali-
fomiaBS look upon him, but he is very numerous and pays heavy taxes, and no at-
tempt, of late years, has been made to drive him from the islands. Of course the
natives share this feeling with the Spaniards and are inclined to sneer at and snub
182 COMMERCIAL BELATI0K8.
him. Bat possibly the most potent reason for a feeling of flnperiority on the part of
the native U that he is a Catholic and John is a heathen.
But John, apparently, does not notice the attitude of the nativeii toward him, for
he conrts their Triendship and treats them aa if he felt that they were every bit as
good as himsell He has been marrying the native women for the past eerenty-five
or one hundred years and the mixture of the races has produced some very handsome
women and excellent quality of men, the latter being finely formed^ robnst, enter-
prising, and honest, as a rule, having the industrious, frugal' traits of the Chinaman
and the simple honesty and affectionate disposition of the native.
It is generally supposed that the native women seldom marry Chinamen volunta-
rily, although such marriages are frequent, and that the latter use strategv in order
to obtain the coveted wives. The operation is something lilce this : John &ll8 in love
with a dusky maiden and xeacDes the conclusion that she is the proper person to do
his cooking and make his clothes for the rest of his life. He has very little trouble
in securing permission to call at her father's nrpa hut, and if she receives him in a
friendly manner and encourages him to call a second time her fate ie sealed. He
gives her at first an inexpensive present, merely as a matter of courtesy, and snbse-
quently follows it with something a little more valuable. Just a little inclined to
covetousness she accepts his gifts until she has accumulated $50 or $100 worth, or more.
Then John proposes, but is indignantly refused. But that doesn't disturb him in the
least — he expected it. He goes away smiling contentedly, and the next day catis
around with a larger smile and a bill for till the presents he has given his victim.
Of course, she can not pay it, for the whole family probably never had more than
$10 at a time in their lives, but she generously offers to return his presents. These
he does not want as the^ are now second-hand and have depreoiated in value ; he
wants the money, but will compromise the matter if she will marry liim. This, she
declares, is impossible as he is not.a Catholic, and no priest would oonsent to solemn-
ize such a marriage. This obstacle is easily surmounted by his promptly offering to
join the church and be as good a Catholic as anybody. There is no escape for her ;
she knows that a lawsuit will follow if she refuses to marry him, so she makes the
best of the situation and consents He applies in proper form for admission to the
church, is baptized, and after the expiration of the proper time is regularly married
to his choice. As a rule he makes a good husband, and the girl has little cause to
regret having been confidenced into matrimony. Or course, no celestial who contem-
plates a return to his native land in the near future ever takes a step of this sort, but
when he does he usually settles down to pass the remainder of his days here. It is
rumored that cases'have occurred in which Chinamen have deserted their native wives
after a few years and have returned to China and the religion of Buddha or Con-
fucius, but I have never heard of a well authenticated instance of tliis kind.
THE PUBLIC REYENCJS.
The total public revenue of the Philippines for 1886 was $11,528,178 in Philippine
muuey. Of this amount $6,262,738 was from direct taxes; $2,176,500 for customs
duties ; $1 ,'<2r)-l .400 from monopolies, and $525,000 from the government lotteries. The
total amount of revtMino stated does not include the special tax for the new harbor
works now in course of construction in Manila Bay. This very important work I
will describe in detail further on.
THK CURRKNCT.*
The amounts given above are in the Philippine dollar, or peso, which is usually
worth from 80 to 85 cents, American gold. The condition of the local currency is, and
has been been for a number of years, most unsatisfactory to businessmen throughout
the islands, and particularly so to strangers temporarily soioumiug here. The coins
in circulation are the Spanish peso, the Mexican dollar, the Spanish half-peso, two
reals (25 cents), peseta (20 cents), real 12^ cents), half-peseta (10 cents), half-real
(6i cents), and '^dos cnatros,'' the latter a copper coin worth 2| cents. All the other
coins are silver, there being no gold in general circulation. There are a few bank
bills in circulation issued by the Spanish bank, but they are not plentiful. There is
also a smaller copper coin called a '' ouatro," and worth 1^ cents but it is seldom seen.
Not only is the currency much depreciated, but its value fluctuates frequently and
is most exasperatingly uncertain. The importation of Mexican dollars is prohibited
by law, and any brought to the islands are liable to seizure by the Government, while
the person who brings them in is subject to fine or imprisonment, or both. Yet there
are many more Mexican than Spanish pesos in circulation. In 1877 the Gk>vemment
declared all Mexicans contraband, except those in circulation in the Philippines at
* Thron^hout tbift report the consul has estimated the Plxilippine or peso doUar at 88 cents In redae*
\ng values to ▲merican dollars.
CONTINENT OP ASIA — PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 183
that time. The avowed ohject was to ultimately withdraw this coin from circulation
entirely, leaving nothing but the Spanish peso and smaller coins, and giving the whole
volume of the currency a certain and unchanging value. There were a large number
of Mexicans then in circulation, and as it would have been hard to their possessors
to have depreciated their value at once, they were allowed to circulate at par with
the peso. The decree failed, however, to effect the desired result, and Mexicans con-
tinued to pour into Manila and tbe other ports quite copiously, notwithstanding the
rigid preventive measures adopted by the customs officials. Shrewd travelers and
Bpeculators found It quite protitable to bring Mexicans into Manila from Hong-Kong,
for they were worth from 10 to 15 percent, more here than at the latter port, and all
Isinds of strategems were resorted to in order to deceive the watchful customs officials.
Whenever a Smu|;rgior was caught in possession of a small amount of the contraband
coin be pleaded ignorance and innocence, and escaped with only the loss of his Mex-
icans; but if the amount was large enough to warrant the conclnsiou that it was a
clear case of sjiingglitig, he not only lost his Mexicans, but was compelled to pay a
heavy fine besides. Not long since a steamer ydyiug regularly between this port and
Hong-Kong was fined |500 for having Mexicans on ooard.
On the 19th of July, 1886, auother decree was issued from Madrid, InstmctiDg the
government of the Philippines to rigidly enforce the order of 1877 and rapidly with-
draw all Mexicans from circulation. It was again declared, however, that Mexi-
cans dated 1877 and prior to that year would be allowed to circulate only until they
could bo withdrawn together with those of subsequent dates for the purpose of re-
coining them into the Spanish half peso. It has been asserted, by the way, that this
coin contains 10 per cent, less silver than the Mexican, owing to shrinkage and the
presence of alloy ; but two of them will buy a dollar's worth of goods quite as readily
as a Mexican. Of course, upon the receipt of tbe second decree the goverumt^ut
officials here became more vigilant than ever, and it was hoped and expected that
the unwelcome Mexican would soon be frozen— or melted — out of circulation ; but
notwithstanding all the precautions taken it continued, and still continues, to pour
in. None of a later date than 1877 are accepted in trade, but that and earlier dates
Btill circulate at par with i^ie peso, which is comparatively scarce. The same
conditions favorable to making money by smuggling Mexicans still exist, and I have
been told that a man who left nere several months ago made over $20,000 in about
four years by getting this coin at 70 and 75 cents in Hong Kong and realizing 80 and
85 cents for it in Manila. My information in this case, however, is not reliable, and
I present the incident only as a possibility.
The quite natural result of all this is that the currency is iu a very unstable and
unsatisfactory condition. Merchants here who buy goods in America must of neces-
sity pay a high rate of exchange, as all tranRactions must be upon the basis of Amer-
ican gold. Mexicans, which are quoted by the United States Treasury Department at
75.09 cents, are accepted at par with the &)anish peso valued by the same authority
at 95.15 cents, while both are worth from 15 to 20 cents less than tbe United States
gold dollar. There seems to be no immediate prospect of a change for the better, as
the Government appears to be unable to keep the Mexican out or to get the currency
npon a sabstantial basis. *
CUMATB.
The climate of the Philippines varies comparatively little from that of other trop-
ical countries, and the high death-rate in the cities is due undoubtedly more to the
very unfavorable sanitary cooditious prevalent than to climatic influences. To the
foreigner who walks about Manila it is at once apparent why the cholera and other
contagious diseases are so fearfully destructive wnen they obtain a fair start here.
Tbe thermometer ranges from GO to 90 decrees the year round, and remains steadily
about the latter figure during March, April, and May. During those months the heat
is very oppressive, and during the middle hoursof the day everybody and everything
seems to sink into a lethargy fully awake only after sunset. Owing probably to the
humidity of the atmosphere the heat is much more oppressive and enervating than a
corresponding degree would be in the United States.
In June the rainy season begins, and it drizzles and pours almost continually until
about the first of December. The' rivers and creeks overflow their banks and the
fields and streets «nd roadways are inundated sometimes to the depth of from 2 to 4
feet. For six months traveling in the interipr is almost impossible, and in the cities
everything is wet and moldy, the houses are damp and dismal, and tbe people are
depressed and gloomy. Trade becomes comparatively lifeless, amusement and recre-
ation languish, and a disagreeable fnuereality settles upon everybody and everything.
The floods in the fields and gardens drive the snakes, centipedes, and other venomous
creatures into high places, and they even find their way to the second stories of dwell-
ings, mnch to the terror and disgust of the inmates. Most of the reptiles and vermine
of the country are forced out iu the rainy season, and of course are ruthlessly slaugh-
184 COHHEBCIAL BELATIQNa
tered whenever fonnd. Only a day or two since, while the streets were flooded, I eaw
a native wading along the side, walk with a water snake in each hand, whose yoang
lives he had sacrificed by seizing them suddenly by the neck and pressing histhnmb
strongly behind their Jaws. To the stndent of entomology and natural history the
rainy season otters wonderful opportnuities, but it is not pleasant for the ordinary every
day oitizen. The mazimuna annnal rain-fall is 144 inches and the miniumm M.
About the first of December the cool season sets in, and lasts until about the first of
Marobi during which period very little or no rain falls ; the nights and early morninf^s
are refreshingly cool and pleasant and the whole face of the country, densely clad in
tropical veidurei is very beautiful* During the day, or from about 9 a. m. to 4 p.
m., the thermometer sometimes strikes the nineties, and white people remain as
much as possible in the shade, but between 4 and 5 o'clock p. m^ a strong breeze
almost invariable springs up from the China Sea and blows for three or four hours
quite .briskly, when it gradually subsides, and for the rest of the night all those
charming conditions prevail which poets so grapl^ically ascribe to thel^ropics.
Not infrequently dunng the cool season long droughts prevail which parch the
ground and destroy the crops ; and locusts occasionally make a descent upon a proT-
mce. denuding it entirely of herbage, but this, I infer, does not occur very often. As
a rule the crops are good.
TYPHOONS.
The Philippines are within the typhoon belt, and most terrific wind-storms some-
times accompany the rain in September, October, and November. In July and August
the careful native anchors the roof of iiis nipa hut by lashing together with ratt-sn
thongs the small ends of several heavy bamboo poles, and placing them astride of the
ridge, while he pins the larger ends firmly to the earth. . Similar precautionary meas-
ures are taken also by the occupants of some of the larger houses where the ri)ofsare
not securely bolted to the rafters, and a threatening cloud in the typhoon season is
generally looked upon with grave apprehensions. But after November no damage
from wind is feared. ^
EARTHQUAKES.
Most of the islands of the archipelago have been badlv shaken up by subterranean
disturbances at various times, and the natives and older residents seem to live in a
continual Btat« of fear whenever the active volcanoes are less aetive than usual.
These are popularly supposed to be the outlets or escape valves for the gases gener-
ated by fierce subterranean fires, and so long as they are belching forth smoke and
lava at the usual rate it is felt that there is comparatively little danger of a violent
disturbance; but when they become partially or completely inactiv»4he people at
once conclude that the craters have become clogged and that an outlet for the gas
will be forced open at some other point, which action will be preceded by a violent
earthquake.
There are traditions of terrible '* terremotos,'' as the Spaniards call them, that have
overturned mountains, filled valleys, desolated extensive plains, opened passages
from the sea far into the interior, and from the lake to the sea. One is recorded as'
having taken place in 179H whish was fearfully destructive of life and property. In
1824 one of the most violent earthquakes that ever afilicted the islands is said to have
occurred. It completely wrecko<l several church<^s, the principal bridge across the
Pasi^ River and tne barracks at Manila ; destroyed many private houses all over the
archipelago, and opened a narrow chasm in the earth nearly four miles long. The
inhabitants fled in terror to the open fields, but hundreds were crushed to death
under falling buildings. Six vessels were wrecked in the harbor and an incalculable
amount of general damage was done. The number of the dead was never ascertained.
In 1645 the old city of Manila was almost entirely destroyed and over 300 lives were
lost. During an earthquake in 1828, it is said, the vibration of certain hanging-
lamps described an arc of 4^ feet, the huge corner-stone of the principal gate or the
city was displaced, and the great bells of the churches were set ringing. The shock
lasted between two and three minutes, and rent the walls of several churches and
other buildings, but was not accompanied by subterranean noises as is usually the
case.
In 1863 and 1880, memorable earthquakes occurred, the former destroying the
greater port of Manila, and the latter making almost a complete wreck of it. Those
who have figured upon the record feel that a violent shuck mav be expeoted qnite
regularly about every seventeen years, and that the next may be looked for in the
summer of 1897.
It is quite generally believed that this archipelego was formed by volcanic up-
heavals, and there is no lack of evidence in various parts of it to support this theory.
I have been assured that there are portions of the mountainous districts of this island
(Luzon) where a perceptible tfemor of the earth is going on at all timea. Slight
CONTINENT OF ASIA — ^PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 185
shocks are felt very frequently, and since the let of Janaary I have felt three very
strong vibrations. I have heard an American complain of bein^ made ** aea-sick " by
the motion of the earth.
MANILA.
Manila is the chief city of the Philippines and is eitnated on the north shore of
Manila Bay. spreading over a comparatively level tract of land for abont 2 miles north
and 4 east and west. I refer, of course, to what is now known as Manila, and not to
the walled city alone, which is located on the east bank of the Pasig near its month
and overlooking the shore of the bajjr. X)ld Manila, which was fonnded in 1671, is com-
pactly built, covering about three-fDurths of a mile square, and is inclosed by a massive
stone wall 10 or 12 feet high and about 6 feet thick. It has five or six great gates, each
named after a Spanish king or queen and each having an old-fashioned drawrbridge
over the broad moat which surrounds the wall. The latter has a very ancient ap-
pearance, being covered in many places with thick moss and heavy shrubbery, and its
general aspect suggests tales of the Middle Ages. It looks like a medieval castle,
somewhat musty and decrepit but still on duty. At the southwest corner of the wall
is an ancient fort which, with several lines of earthwork along the shore of the bay,
forms the protection to the harbor and mouth of the river. But while the old city is
still callea Manila the districts of Binondo, Santa Cruz, Quiapo, San Sebastian, San
Miguel, Tandnay,^ Sampoloc, Santa Mesa,- Santa Anna, Malate, Ermita, and a number
of others are considered as forming the whole city of Manila. Each of these districts
is about the size of one of New York's lower wards and they merge so completely into
each other that there are no distinguishable dividing lines.* It seems as if a number
of villages had gradually grown until they melted into each. other and formed a city,
still retaining tneir old names, however, and becoming districts instead of villages.
Each district has its chief executive officer or " gobernadorcillo,'' and the whole city
is presided over by a civil governor and what may quite propeily be called a board
of aldermen. The head of the general government of the archipelago is a governor-
general, who has his palace in the Malacafian district, Manila, is appointed by the
Queen Regent of Spain, and holds his office for three years.
Manila lays no claim to architectnml beauty, but It has a number of very pretty
streets and drives, notably Malecon, a well paved boulevard extending about a mile
along the shore of the bay in front of old Manila *, the Lnuetta, au oval-shaped drive
about a mile in circumference into which the MaWon boulevard merges and in the
center of which is a handsome stand, where a fine military band gives free concerts every
{pleasant evening all the year; and the Calle Iris, a level gravel road 75 feet wide and
ined on either side with bamboo trees, running from Sampalac to Tondo, a distance of
about a mile and a half. The dwellings, although strikingly large and roomy, are
built with special reference to safety during earthquakes and typ boons. As many
poets or beams, from 6 to 12 inches in diameter, as are required are planted with one
end deeply imbedded in cement and stone underground and extending to the roof of
the hoHse, the latter, as well as the floor supports, being firmly bolted to them. The
hoases are only two stories high, the first, the floor of which is level with the street,
Being usually devoted to a stable, carriage-house, and eervants-quarters, although
occasionally a first floor room is used as a dining-room. The second floor is essentially
the residence. The outer walls of the first story are usually built of stone, while the
second is always of wood, with sliding panels for windows, rendering it possible to
throw open the entire upper part of the house in warm weather or close it tightly
during the cool and rainy seasons. These panels, instead of glass, have square pieces
of transparent shell set into the light frame- work, letting in plenty of light when the
house is closed.
The walls and ceilings have neither lath nor plaster to drop on one's head when the
house is being racked by an earthquake, but are covered with sheets of woven bam-
boo, grass, or muslin, upon which very pretty designs are often painted in water
colors. The house is so constructed that if an earthquake shakes the first floor wall
from under it, the upper story, where the family sleep and eat, will be supported
firmly by the upright beams described. This idea may, perhaps, be profitably an- '
plied by the builders of Charleston, S. CI, and other eartnquake-sbaken cities. It
would require the best efiforts of an unusually able-bodied typhoon to more than
unroof one of these structures. '
Since the last earthquake a number of handsome churches have been built. The
Santa Yglesia Calj^edral in old Manila, first built in 157b, has been destroyed by
earthquakes several times, and did not escape in 1663. In 1880 it was badly shat-
teredy and its tower had to be pulled down. To-day its interior, with its vast flooring
of tesisellated marble, its grand and massive arches and pillars, its pure white marbxe
alt-ars, rich in gold and silver ornamentation, and its immense organ presents an
appearance of substantial elegance and solidity not at all suggestive of fear of earth-
quakes. • The Cathedral of San Francisco, also in old Manila, is a very handsome
186 COMUERCIAL BELATIONS.
Btrnctnre, gorgeonsly farniBhed; aud each district of the city has its church, the
ipreater uumlMr being sabstantially built and richly decorated. An iron church is
now in course of erection in the district of San Sebastian, the entire frame-work
having been importetl from Germany, and it is expected that it will be a magnificent
edifice.
MANILA BAT.
Manila Bay is 27 miles wide and the anchorage is about 3 miles from the month
of the Pasig River which will not adroit vessels that draw more than 13 feet. Tbo
principal shipping houses are fully half a mile fro:u the mouth of the river, and nestrly
all the goods shipped are taken down the river and out to the ships in lighters, pro-
pelled by natives with long bamboo poles, or, in some cases, towed out by ateam-rngs.
When the monsoons blow strongly the bay is very rough and lishters can not be taken
alongside the ships. Thus shipping is sotoietimes at a standstill for a wetsk or ten
days at a time, and even the tugs of the ship-chandlers do not go beyond the mouth
of the river. All this trouble, it is expect-ed, will be overcome when the Oovenunent
finishes the extensive harbor imnrovement now under way. This is simply a massive
stone pier or breakwater, exteuuing about a mile sontheast from a long pier ronning
ont fVom the mouth of the river, and forming a large harbor where shipa- of heavy
draught can tie up to stone docks or ride quietly at anchor in rongh weather. The .
undertaking is a gigantic one and it will require many years to fi^nish it. To pay for
the work a tax of 2 per cent, is levied on imports, I per cent, on exportR, tonns^
dues, and a tax on fishing boats. Over $4,000,000 have already been oolleotedfor tne
work and it is cxpecteik that it will be rapidly pushed to completion. The harbor is
certainly needed very badly and will undoubtedly cause a marked increase in the
conmierce of Manila.
The river Pasig, which divides the city of Manila in two almost equal halves, is less
than a quarter of a mile wide and presents a scene of great animation at all times-
with the numerous native craft gliaing hither and thither, among which may be seen
^n occasional small ship or steamer of foreign build.
The passport system is rigidly enforced, and no one can leave the port nor enter it
without having supplied himself with one.
THE POLICE OF MANILA.
The police force of Manila is composed of natives with Spaniards as chief, captainfl,
and lieutenants, aud is exceedingly well organized. The low average of crime in
Manila is most surprising. Here is a city with a declared population of over half a
millioD, the majority of whom can neither read nor write, and yet during the year
there is hardly any more crime than in an American or European town of 6,000 in-
habitants. The vast majority of the arrests made are for very slight misdemeanors,
and a murder, burglary, highway robbery, or serious assault is of very rare occoi^
rence. •
There seems to be a generally prevalent feeling of security, and it is not considered
necessary to take extensive precautions against '* midnicht mechanics.'' I have been
here aearly eight months and have seen but five men who were at all under the in-
fluence of liqqor. One was a Spaniard, three were English sailors on shore on leave,
and the fifth was a French sailor. The natives are just learning to drink, bnt have
not acquired confidence enough yet to become intoxicated, and the Chinamen never
get drunk.
No one ever hears of citizens being knocked down and robbed, and I have heard of
bnt one burglary since I have been here. Immorality may prevail to a certain de-
gree, and ^ have been assured that it does, but it certainly does not appear upon the
surface of daily life. Apparently the city is a model of morality and good order.
MANILA NEWSPAPERS.
There are five daily newspapers published in Manila, all printed in Spanish:
** Rl Diario," " La Oceania Espa&ola,'' aud '' La Opinion,^' issued in the morning, and
" £1 Comercio " and *' La Voz de EspaQa ** in the afternoon.
AMUSEMENTS IN MANILA. '
One of the leading amusement features of the year are the spring races, which are
attended by everybody who claims to be anybody. Admission is charged only to the
grand stand, and as the surrounding fields are free the natives gather there by thoa-
sands. The course and fields present a very animating sight.
There are several theaters where plays are sometimes given by amatears,. bnt none
of them are open regularly. Occasionally an opera company comes from Spain or
CONTINENT OF ASIA — PHILIPPLVE ISLANDS. 187
Italy, remains here two or three months, and goes away -well laden with silver. A
circas came here once, I am told, and remained here a monthy the canvas heing
hardly large enough to hold the crowds.
£TBEBT CARS IK MANILA.
In September Jast the first street car line in Manila was opened for business. The
project has proved exceedingly profitable, although predictions were made Areely that
it would be a complete failure. One of the reasons why it was generally felt that the
line woald not pay was that every one who has any social status whatever owns one
or more conveyances of their own. It is not considered the proper thing for a white man
to walk unless he does it for exercise and has his carriage within call, and I aui told
that there are families who live very plainly, even shabbily, at home, and whose
eredit with the retail dealers is not good, and yet who appear on the streets in quite
decent carriages with coachman and all the necessary appurtenances for a creditable
show. There are rumors, too, of instances where men oS small Incomes, after having
made their appearance on the drives early in the evening, send their carriages out to
pick up passengers for two or three hours to pay feed bills and coachmen's wages.
With all the white people owning their carriages and the natives and Chinamen able
to ride anywhere in the numerous two-wheeled one-horse **caromatas'' for 5 cents,
the outlook for a street railway project was not considered encouraging.
The line begins at the fountain in the little plaza at the head of the Calle Alixe, in
Sampaloc, runs south through the Plaza Santa Anna in front of the United States
consulate, into and through Sau Sebastian; Qaiapo, Snota Crnz, and the Escolta, west
through the Rosario, and terminates at the church in Binondo, covering a distance of
about 2 mites over a single track, with short side-tracks at intervals to allow the cars
to pass each other.
The fai e was fixed at 6 cnatros (3^ cents) for first-class passengers and 4 cuatros
(2^ cents) for second class. This was cheap enough for anybo(^yi and the natives and
Chinese at once be^an to desert the *'carmatas" and patronize the street cars most
liberally. The difierence between the first and second class accommodations was that
the former had cushioned seats in the middle of the car while the latter were stand-
ing-room in the front and rear.
The oars are very cheap and rather shabby lookiqg affairs when compared Ivith the
handsome American street cars, but answer the purpose quite well. They were built
in Germany, largely of sheet-iron and rough boards, and are painted a dingy red and
yellow. At either end is a small, square inclosure just large enough for the driver to
stAnd in, and at each side of this are two very awkward steps. Each car will seat
twelve or fourteen first-class passengers and will furnish standing room for fifteen or
twenty second-class standing closely together.
At first the patrJbage was confine<l almost exclusively to natives and Chinese, but
gradually it began to dawn upon the clerks and business men along the line that it
was a great deal. handier sometimes to jump into a car and ride smoothly dqwn town
than to wait for their horses to be harnessed and then to be jolted over the rough
pavement. Then it was soon understood that a man did not jeopardize his social po-
sition by riding in a street-car, and one by one they dropped into the habit as readily
as Americans ^ and now in the morning and evening hours there may be seen in the
street-cars English, Spanish, and German merchants, clerks, and occasionally ladies^
who seem to e^joy the novelty of such a ride.
Patronage increased rapidly until the fifteen cars with which the line began opera-
tions were found insufficient and two more were added ; not, however, the dlugy, un-
sightly German ones, but two handsome specimens of the work of J. G. Brill &, Co.,
of Philadelphia. But it proves rather expensive to bring street-cars from America.
I am told that the price paid for each was |400, and that tbe freigh;t and other ex-
penses amounted to nearly $600 each. Still, the new cars are so much more attractive
and acceptable to the public that I have no donbt more will bo imported and that
the old ones will be gradnally retired.
THB CITT OF ILOILO.
Hollo is 250 miles southeast of Manila and is the next city of importance in the
archipelago. It is the chief city of the province of Iloilo in the Isle of Panay, lati-
tude 10 degrees 48 minutes west, near the southeast extremity of the island, close to
the sea on the border of a narrow channel formed by the opposite island of Gulmaras.
The city is built on low, marshy ground, partly frooting on the sea and partly along
the left bank of a creek or inlet which runs towards laro and after describing a semi-
' circle again meets the sea near Iloilo. The harbor is well protected and the anchor-
age gocrd, the island of Guimaras forming a sheltering passage where heavy draught
8hi|ifl may anohfft: comparatively well protected from heavy seas. The depth of water
188
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
on the bar at the entrance to the river is about 5 fathoms at low water and a short
distance inside decreases to 15 feet,^eepening again a short distanoe farther in. Dur-
ing the spring tides the town is flooded ; bnt, notwithstanding the apparently un-
favorable sanitary conditions, it is said to be a ranch healthier place than Maniia. A
striking peculiarity of the location is that the hi^h ground of Guiniarae forms a sort
of funnel with the Pauay shore and a calm at Iloilo is of rare occurrence. There is
almost always a strong breexe^ there, and when it comea from the northeast it is very
heavy. It )6, of course, much cooler at all times of the year than in Manila. It is
here that the famous "pina" fabric, woven very finely from the fiber of the pine-
apple leaf, is made. Another very rich fabric called " Jusi,'' woven from silk in white
and colors, is also made here. The surrounding country is very fertile and is com-
paratively well cultivated, bnt under the direction of experienced, energetic farmers
the yield could undoubtedly be increased incalculably. Sugar is the principal prod-
uct of this portion of the archipelago, and the annual crop, it is estimated, averages
about a million piculs, or nearly 70,000 tons. Tobacco and rice are quite largely
cultivated ; but none of the latter is shipped and very little of the former, as com-
pared with the shipment of this article from other ports. Earthquakes seldom occar
on the Isle of Panay, bnt it seems to be a special mark for the typhoons, which qaite
frequently do great damage there. The principal traders are Chinese Mestizos, al-
though there are three Americans and a number of German and English traders
there.
The Isle of Negros, which is extremely fertile, now contributes abont three-fourths
of the sugar shipped from Iloilo. The quality is said to improve every year.
tHE CITY OF CEBU.
This is the third city of importance in the Philippines, is noticeably well built, and
has fine roads, but is lacking iu commercial enterprise. This is the leading center for
hemp, the neighboring islands of Leyte, Mindanao, and Camiguin having very ex-
tensive plantations and sending the greater part of their products to Cebu for
shipment. There is said to be coal on tBe island, but no one seems to care to take
the trouble to mine it. Cebu was at one time the seat of the administration of rev-
enue for the whole of the visayas, but this was removed to Manila in 1849.
FOREIGN TRADE.
The foreign trade is confined to Manila, (which is, of course, the leading port)
Iloilo, and Cebu, and the principal articles of export are hemp and sugar. Lar^
quantities of tobacco, coffee, indigo, hides, and ylang-ylang are also shipped, as well
as some fruits and gums. But the really prominent features of the export trade are
hemp and sugar. The total amount of these products shipped last year was 81,999.1
tons of the former, and 188,929.67 tons of the latter ; 45,462 tons, or more than half the
hemp, went to the United States, and 123,685 tons, or nearly two-thirds, of the sugar.
The following table will show the total amount of hemp and sugar exported from
the Philippines during the past seven years:
Year.
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
Total
Tont.
36,381
24.776
24,800
23,400
26.982
24.828
46.462
206,638
Sugar.
89.725
83. W7
157,501
96,603
153,094
143,881
123,685
846,679
HBBfP.
The receipte of hemp at Manila in 1887 were 468,911 bales, against 342,015 bales in
1886 and 362,024 in 1885. At Cebu, the next important hemp port, the receipts were
65,764 bales against 60,693 in 1886 and 61,105 iu 1685.
The stock afloat and in store on the Ist of Januarv, 1888, was: At Manila, 63,083
bales, against 51,782 in 1887 and 28,914 in 188f : at Cebu, 13,993 bales, against 9,532 in
1887 and 6,374 in 1886. *
CONTINENT OT ASIA — ^PHILIPPINE ISLANDS,
189
Loading January 1, 1868 : For the United States, 15,940 bales, against 24,500 in 1887
and 6,000 in 1886; for Great Britain, 5,30g bales, against 10,500 in 1887 and 8,500 in
1886. Local consamption has been estimated at 4,000 bales in 1887, against 5,000 in
1686 and 6,000 in 1885.
The following table will show the total amount of merohandise of all kinds exported
to the United States in 1887 : ^
ArUolfis.
Hemp tons..
SuKftr do..
Coflbe i do..
Indigo do..
Hides do..
Sftpsn wood do...
ToWeoo do. .
Rioe pounds..
Preserves do...
Frait .^ do..
Hats nnmber.
Qoantity.
45,462
128,685
. *7
33
503
>103
•
785
830
75
30,662
Talaein
TTnited States
gold.
$5. 148, 706. 63
4, 409. 810. 27
6. 185. 00
14. 607. 17
50. 07a 11
1, 005. 00
18, 810. 20
0.06
12.46
11.62
4,887.38
Duties in
United
Btatcb
gold.
101,027.22
116,362.04
105.00
246.02
2&46
817.38
15
AMERICAN VS. SUBSIDIZED SHIPS.
Of the total amonnt of hemp and sugar exported to the United States only 15,454
tons, or about oue-tbird of the former and 60,249 tons, or less than one-third of the
latt«r, were carried by American ships. Notwithstaudine the faot that America re-
ceives more than half the hemp and sugar exported from uie Philippines, onrshowiug
of ships here is remarkably small. Onr captains explain it by sayiug that our gov-
ernment does not offer them the same encouragement that is given to the ships of
other nations, and that if an American ship does not lose money now-adays, it is do-
ing remarkably well. Almost every captain I have seen since I have been here has
expressed the most intense disgust over the situation, and has declared that he would
abandon a seafaring life at once if he felt competent to do any other business. They
assert that the ships of other nations are run at much less expense than ours, and
that they are subsidized by their own government, so that they can carry freight at
much lower rates than American ships can and still make money. How true this is
I can not say, but it is a fact that but 29 American ships entered this port last year
against 383 of other nations, exclusive of steam vessels.
In support of their assertions the captains, among other things, point to the record
of freight rates, which have steadily declined during the past nfteen years, and this,
they say, is almost wholly due to the fact that Uie ships of other nations, receiving
government support, are able to carry freight profitably at rates against which Amer-
ican shi ps can not compete. The folio .'^iug table will show the freight rates from the
Philippines to the United States for the past twenty years :
Comparative tahU of freight rates U the United Statee,
Year.
Hemp.
Sagar.
Year.
Hemp.
Sagur.
Highest
Lowest
Highest
Lowest
Highest
Lowest
Highest.
Lowest
1868...
1860
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1675
1876
18n
$14.50
12.00
11.25
12.00
18.00
18.00
14.00
11.00
a 50
10.00
$12.50
10.00
a 00
10.00
10.50
12.00
12.00
6.00
6.00
7.00
$17.00
15.00
11.00
18.50
15.00
22.60
20.00
laoo
• 16.00
14.00
$8.50
11.00
• 7.00
0.00
0.50
11.00
11.50
11.00
10.00
7.00
1878....
1870...
1880....
1881...
1882....
1883....
1884....
1885....
1886....
1887....
laoo
12.00
10.00
13.00
10.00
7.50
6.00
6.00
4.50
6.00
•
$4.00
4.00
6.00
aoo«
7.00
6.00
4.00
4.00
8.00
8.60
$0.00
12.00
12.00
14.00
13.00
10.60
aoo
0.25
6.50
6.00
$3.00
3.50
aoo
aoo
auo
aoo
6.00
5.00
aoo
a50
190
COMMERCIAIi RELATIONS.
OOFFBE AND TOBACCO.
The total exl ort of coffee from the islands was 5,442.74 tons ; of oiRara, 800.49 tons,
and of leaf tobaoco, 4,717.94 tons. Only a comparatively small qnantity of these
prodncts went to the United States.
The following table will show in detail the cargoes taken away from the three prin-
cipal po^ last year in American ships :
American vesBeU and their eargoee cleared from the Philippine lalands during the oalenf
dar year 1887.
uaxtla:
Date.
Feb. 18..
19..
Hftr. 4..
10..
Apr. 9..
Key 14..
)«..
28..
Jane 2..
2..
16..
16..
17..
17..
Jnly 1..
10..
Aug. 8. .
8..
9..
24..
28..
Oct 4..
Nov. 4..
13..
15..
17 .
Deo. 5..
12..
Name of veeaeL
Henry Failing
Jpbn T. Berry
Alice Reed
Martha Daria
Carrie Wlnalow ...
Mindoro
Lnoile
Daniel L Tenney ..
Jaa. A. Wright
Sachem' •
ImperiAl
SeaWitoh ,
Mary L. Stone .....
Lason
Tbos. A. Ooddard . ,
Continental ....... .
Santa Clara
Rinfcleadeir
L.8chepp
H.J. Liuby
Heronlea
Timour
Nomad .,
Hiram Emery
Henry 8. Sanford*.
Bex^. F,Hnnt,j^...
FumeBa Abbe
JabesHowea
Total
Maater.
J. Merriman
JameaWatU
A. F.Stahl.. ......
T. M.B4^n80n
Chas. Lorinfc
D. F. Hutchinson
Wni. E. Sherman..
G.T. Wilaon
L.R. Baker
J.C.Bartlett
Jas. E. Orosby ....
John H. Drew ....
Q. L. Joeaelyn
J.G.Park
AmasaC.Seara ...
1. F.Gilkey ,
K.K.Dunn ,
J. C. Eutwiatle
B.D.Gates
C.W. Richardson.
Chaa. S. Kendall . .
Jos. Johnson
E.R. Sterling
F. Gorham
B. F.Coloord
T.H.Winn
WnuRQuln
F.T.Henry
Deatinatton.
New York
...do
Boston
lloilo,P.l..
New York .
Boston
New York.
....do
....do
....do
....do
Boston
New York.
....do
....do
....do......
...do
Hollo, P. I..
New York.
— do .. .
Liverpool..
New York.
...do
...do
Cebu,P.I.
Boston
Cebn
New York.
C#rgo in tona.
Hemp.
1,140
242
488
Ballast
268
740
600
186
450
280
729
707
618
726
Ballast .
856
473
770
748
313
496
20
653
Ballast .
1,016
11,927
Sugar.
1,886
1,066
583
'i,'066
426
1,386
2,846
746
i,eoo
1,620
853
1,066
1,833
960
2,480
1.277
■ « • « • » «
2,838
69
1.016
213
426
853
853
26,207
Touaga.
1,898.85
1,848.99
829.41
833.06
899.76
970.57
1,329.17
1,633.28
886.71
1,S1L67
l,198.0t
1,282.98
1,4^20
1,339l24
685.62
1.668.(10
1, 473. 63
1,145.28
1, 776. 11
500.04
1,215.43
914.78
452.34
759.15
1,101.21
1, 13L 17
1, 044. 16
X 580. 92
82,769.64
* The Henry 8. Sanford was subsequently wrecked in the harbor of Cebu and waa towed back to
Manila and aold at auction.
Twenty- nine American vessels entered the port of Manila daring the year with a
total tonnage of 34,766.85.
From Iloilo 70,8^.85 tons of sngar were shipped in vessels of all nations, 41t074.23
tons from Manila, and 11.73 tons from Cebn. Iloilo is essentially a sugar port, and
Ceba's spccinlty is hemp. No hemp was exported from Iloilo last ^ear, while Ceba
exported 6,735.06 tons. All the rice exported from the islands was shipped from Cebn.
Iloilo shipped no tobacco, while 781 ponnds were exported from Cebn. Besides the
articles named above there were exported last year over 4 tons of pearl shells, abont
43 tons of gum almaoiga, and small qnantities of other gams and fine woods.
IMPORTS.
The total value of imports from all parts of the world, as given by the oflQcial re-
port of the Government, was $16,530,000 (peso | = 84 cents American), of which
$523,421 worth, in Manila currency, or $434,439.43 United States gold, came from
America. Bat these figures do not represent half the quantity of Ameilcan goods im-
Sorted, for the same difiicnlty is experienced here as is complained of by other United
tates consuls in the east. American goods are shipped to Hong>Kong, reshipped
thereto Manila, and credited to Hong-Kong in the official reports. Other American
goods are purchased in Loudon and are entered as imports from England. In the
ovemment report of imports the United States are credited with abont 1^ tons of
CONTINENT OF ASIA — PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
191
floor, a ridicnloasly low fif^re when one asoertains that nearly, if Dot all, the flour
nsed here comes from San Francisco. Tbe amonut stated is simply one shipment that
eame directly from California in an American ship. Over 100,000 sacks (50 pounds
each) come here every year, of the same kind of flour that has been shippea from San
Francisco to Hong-Kong, aad is reported among the imports from the latter city.
Thousands of barrels of American pork, I am told by a prominent merchant, come
here every year from Hong-Kong, and yet tbe United States is not credited with a bar-
rel of it The eame is true of canned goods and almost every kind of merchandise
shipped from San Francisco, unless it is billed to Manila direct. Perhaps the merchant
will think this fact of comparatively small importance so long as the goods get
on the market here and are promptly paid for, but I am sure tbe local government's
annual renost of imports would be much more attractive and readable if the United
States had a more conspicuous representation on it.
The following is a transcript from the Government report showing the merchan-
dise imported from the United States last year.
I^ilippine Ulanda impwUfi-om ike United Staiee'in 1887.
AniolM.
Petroleum toDs..
Steel poimda..
OifttoB for wioka do —
Pire-arma number..
Fire pumpa do...
Coal tons..
jSeer ^..quarts..
Sboea pairs..
C(*pper tona..
Canned gooda do...
Floor do —
Vegetmbles poanda..
Sheet tin do....
Iron tons..
Thread ponnda..
Oil-^lotb : do....
Lard tona..
Fnmitnre
Vachinery
Pap*'r ponnda..
Perfumery do —
Leather '. do —
DruiCBand chemioala
Gunpowder ponnda..
Cotton cloth do....
Glaaaand glaaa'ware
Quantitiea.
4.421.74
1,467.40
242.00
23
1
8,063.48
1,976
8
3.56
50.76
2.53
257.40
411. 40
3.77
517.00
1,482.80
2.72
6.60
1, 653. 20
1, 767. 80
242.00
1, 590. 60
Value in
Unfted Siatea
gold.
1367,006.25
72.21
54.78
109.56
49.80
34, 178. 57
827.85
3.32
553.61
11, 520. 40
20&84
9.96
22.41
367.69
195. 05
223.27
1, 025. 88
10, 118. 63
286.55
.83
585.08
2,10a20
8, 808. 04
45.65
1,030.86
127.82
Dntiea in
United States
gold.
136,700.50
7.20
5.48
10.92
82.79
.82
18.92
1, 152. 15
20.62
.98
2.24
84.03
19.50
22.38
102.71
1, Oil. 85
.10
58.60
210.89
304.64
4.57
103.09
12.77
Total imports to and exports ftrom ike PUUppiites for the calendar year 1887.
■
Importa.
Exporta.
Countriea. '
Value in Fnitod
Statea gold.
Dutiea in
United Statea
gold.
Value in United
SUteagold.
Bntlea in
United Statea
gold.
United Statea «
$434,439.43
8. 384. 737. 19
4,900,969.06
$39,888.89
661,087.60
321.668.00
$9,744,622.47
5.038.424.51
6.177,899.16
$188,991.64
166, 508. 03
117,492.71
£nrope and Africa
Aaiaand O^^^ania.. ...... ............
Total
18,720,145.68
1,022,593.89
20,960,946.20
472.992.88
192 COMMERCIAL BELATJOKS.
iMERICAN TRADB IN THB PBILIPPUOBS.
Here is another point that may be of interest to American merchants. One of the
£ropi'ietoni of the largest light hardware and house famiehing establishment in
[onila told me recently that he bonght American tools and some other classes of
American goods in Loodon because he could get better discounts there than he oonld
from the manufacturers. Assuming that the London firm, because it buys larg&quan-
tities of goods, receives better discounts from the manufeMsturer than are offered to a
firm that buys smaller bills, how can it offer the best discounts to a Manila house
after paying' freight from New York to London? The merchant referred to admitted
that American goods as a rule were far superior to those of other countries, bat hesaid ,
that his efforts to deal directly with our manufacturers ]iad always been unsatisfac-
tory, as they had manifested no special interest in selling their goods here. His trouble
seems to have been his inability to get definite replies to his inquiries concerning dta-
oonnts.
** I have a splendid hajpdsomely printed catalogue," he said " of Just the goods that
I want, but it contains only the list prices with no discounts. I kiuow there are dis-
counts, for I get them when I buy the same goods in Loodon, so what is the use of my
bothering with the manufacturers when I can buy to better advantage and with less
trouble somewhere else." v ,
Although one frequently encounters American goods in the basars and shops, by
far the greater proportion — nearly all of them, in fact — have been purchased in ilong-
Kong or London. Except American petroleum, which is used exclusively here, and
in immense quantities, as it is the only illuminating material to be had beside cocoa-
nut oil and caudles, and a few American buggies and carriap^es, there are no direet
shipments of goods from the United States to the Philippines, and apparently, no
effort of any importance has been made by onr manufacturers to put their goods into
this market. I have heard that a year or two ago an agent for an American silver-
plated ware manufactory visited Manila, but found that ne could not compete with
the prices offered by German and English manufacturers. This is undoubtedly tme
of some classes of goods, but not of all. I am satisfied that there are American mann-
facturers of silver-plated ware who can make a better article of table ware than any
of the English or German goods sold here, and that it can be imported hero and sold
at the same price, with fnliy as good a profit. Ihere are large quantities'of Belgian
enameled ware sold at prices that seem to me fully 50 per cent, higher than American
enameled and granite ware is sold at retail in the United States. If thero is any
difierence in the quality, I think it is in favor of the American ware. Tin-ware and
all sorts of cooking utensils, I feel quit« confident, could be supplied by American
manufacturers as cheaply as by those of Germany, England, or any other conntry.
The same is true of wooden-ware, tools, cotton cloth, calico, muslin, linen, canned
goods, preserves, stationery, drugs and chemicals, agricultural implements, sewing-
machines, and numerous other articles that would find a ready sale. The Singer
sewing-machines may be found in many homes in these islands^ and as the company
has established a sales-room in Manila and another in Iloilo I infer that-the market
is found reasonably good, at least.
The only objection [ have heard to American goods is the price, and the idea that
they cost, as a class, more than the manufactures of other countries is acquired
by comparing lines of goods that America never did, and, I think, never can make
and sell as cheaply as Germany, England, Switzerland, and France. I refer to toys,
fancy articles, and what are known as " notions." There are also laces, silks, embroid-
eries', etc., in the sale of which in the east, of course, the United States can not yet
compete with Europe. Some of the stores are filled with articles that look very at-
tractive, but are cheap in every sense of the word. They are made in Europe, sell
readily at what appears, to be a reasonable price, and afford a large profit. It is ad-
mitted that American goods of a similar class are much superior in every respect but
they cost more and afford less profit. The same objection is raised to Spanialx goods,
and as a result Grermany and England have the largest share of the trade, not only in
<* notions " and fancy goods, but in many lines which, it seems quite possiljle, could be
furnished by the United States. But European manufacturers bid for the trade and
Americans do not.
PAPER BAGS WANTED.
I want to call attention to the item of paper, 2,338.6 tons were imported last year,
of which three kilogpims or 6.6 pounds are credited to the United States and 2,33:1 ~
tons to China. Considerable of this paper was probably made in China, the mi^or
portion of which was the coarse stuff used in the Chinese ** tiendas " or shops liere for
wrapping pnrposeSi but most of it was undoubtedly made in some other country and
CONTINENT OP ASIA — ^PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 193
shipped to Hong-Koog, from whence it was sent here. The United States may have
had a share of this trade amounting to more than 6 pounds.
Paper bags and good wrappinc: paper and twine, such as one sees in the stores in
the United States, are unknown here Yon make a purchase at a grocery store, and if
the article is in a tin can or box, yon are expected to take it as it is without a wrapper ;
if it is something that requires a wrapper, you will get it rolled up in an old Spanish
newspaper or a scanty piece of Chinese paper, something like the inside wrapper of a
bnncn of fire*orackers, which will tear upon the slightest proyocation. li
but yon set no string tied around it, and must take the chance of spilling your pur-
chase berore yon reach your destination. If yon ask for a string, as I did once, the
salesman will smile in a surprised way, elevate his shoulders, holding the palms of
Ills hands out toward you, and reply:
"^Of aenoTj no lo tengo " (No,*sir, I haven't it).
He knows at once that yon are a stranger in Manil^ and his face and manner show,
that he pities your ignorance.
In the small Chinese ** tiendas " and native shops pieces of the banana leaf are used
for wrapping goods, and the package is tied with a blade of strong swamp grass,
banana-tree fiber, or thin strip of rattan. There is a mission here for the American
paper bag.
A PENCHANT FOR PERFUMER7.
Florida water sells in large qnanties, and the familiar bottles and labels may be
seen on the shelves of every drug, dry goods, and fancy store in Manila. Allow a
Chinese peddler to open his pack at vonr door and it is highly prohable that the first
thing he will pr9dnce will be a bottle of Florida water. Colognes, toilet waters, and
numerous varieties of perfumes have large sales among the natives as well as
among the foreigners, and there are two qnite large stores here devoted almost ex-
clnsively to the sale of that class of goods, while s^eral of the drug stores carry
quite large stocks. The majority of the people seem to have a passion for fragrant
odors, and not only perfume their clothing liberally, but burn sweet smelling gums,
woods, and leaves in their homes, filling the air about them with delightful fragrance.
As many of the natives keep their pigs and dogs nnder their houses and empty their
slops there too, there are generally several loud-breathing cess-pools below, and the
contest for supremacy between the odors is often vigorous and interesting.
AMERICAN PATENT MEDICINES.
A few American patent medicines, notablv Jayne's, HoUoway's, and Mother
Sigel's Sirnp, have been sold here quite largely, but can come here no more unless
the manufacturers consent to comply with the provisions of ai decree issued about
four weeks ago which requires that the formula by which patent medicines are made
shall be printed on the outside wrapper of each package so that it can easily be read
by all purchasers. This is considered by local drnggists as an effectual bar to the
entry of all patent medicines, as it is not probable that the manufacturers will con-
sent to make public their formulas, exctspt in very rare cases. When the supplies on
hand are exhausted the medicine- takers will have to find new remedies *for their ail-
mentfl or give up being sick.
AMERICAN X3ARRIAOES AND PHILIPPINE HORSES.
American bngnes and carriages are qnite nnmerons on the streets of Manila and, I
believe, are all Slipped here by a Philadelphia firm. Light broughams, dog-carts,
and victorias find a ready sale, but they must be very light, as all the horses are very
■mall. They are very much like Australian ponies both in size and powers of endur-
ance. Large horses of the breeds common in the United States are not often brought
here, it being popularly believed that they can not stand the climate. I have been
told that .quite a number of persons have tried to keep and breed the larger horses,
but that the experiment has always proved a failure ; that they soon became unable
to work and in a short time die. I do not understand how the little horses, or ponies,
used by the native ''caromata" drivers manage to keep alive nnder the treatment
they receive, to say nothing of the climate. Thev are thrashed up and down the
streets from early morning until far into the nignt hauling passengers hither and
thither ; probably onlv half fed, and yet apparently healthy and vigorous at all
times. Some of them look a little discouraged, but the minority are in good condi-
tion. They are never used, however, for hiiuling freight or other heavy Toads ; that
sort of work is left to the Chinese coolies and ** carabaos " or water bnffalos. The
latter animal is about the size and shape of a half-grown ox, with a hide like an ele-
10611 0 E 13
194 COMMERCIAL BELATJONS.
phant's and a pair of great onrred horns aboat 6 inches in diameter at the base and
from 2^ to 3 feet Iodk* These beasts are hitched singlv to small, low, two-wheeled
drays and haal enormous loads at a most aggravatiogly slow pace.
AN OPENING FOR A DAIRY FARUSR.
Dairy prodncts are exceedingly scarce and very high, and there Is apparently no
reason why an enterprising dairy fanner conldnut malce a great deal of money here
with a few good cows. Batter in tin bozcM and glas4 bottles imported from Eu-
rope sells 8t the rate of a dollar a pound : small Holland cheeses at $1.50 each ; a very
inferior article of English and German cheeso at from 50 to 75 cents a pound, and the
Swiss cheese at 62^ to 75 cents. One house occasionally gets an American chtese and
sells it off at a good pro6t almost as fast as it can be cut, but the intervals between
cheeses is very long, as it is less trouble to get and keep the other kinds. It is not
eonsidered nice to be too active and enterprising in this climate.
There are a few cows owned by private families, who consume the milk and havo
little or none to spare ; but occasionally cow's milk can be had at the rate 50 cents a
quart. Native milkmen sell the milk of the carabao at 25 cents a quart, bnt it has a
strong, disagreeable taste, which renders it unpopular, except with the natives, who
have never been accustomed to any other kind. . It is used sometimes for cooking by
some of the foreign families. As a rule everybody, except the very few who own
cows, uses the American condensed milk, Eagle brand, and it sells at retail for 37(
cents a can. There are one or two brands of milk powder on the market, bnt they
are not extensively used.
Cows apparentlv thrive here, and I have heard of no good reason why there are not
more here, nor why a dairy farm on the American plan could not be made a most
profitable investment. There is good grazing; nipa sheds to protect the animals
during the rainv season could be constructed at a comparatively slight cost. Com
is very plentiful, and palloi, or unhuUed rice, the food given to horses and cattle,
is comparatively inexpensive. In fact a man with an eye to economy would raise
his own com and palloi. He could sell all the milk, butter, and cheese he <x>uld
produce at the prices I have qnoted.
UNDBVIBLOPBD RESOURCES.
I have not yet been here a vear, and of course I have a great deal to learn of the
islands and the resources of the interior of the country, l)ut my observations thus
far, which have been as extensive as my official duties would permit, lead me to be-
lieve that the possibilities here for men of temperate, industrious habits who are not
afraid of the climate are very promising. I may have underestimated the climatic
conditions and orGrestimated a white man's ability to endure them, but at present I
believe tb^t cne statements I have made are strictly accurate.
Little attention is paid to agriculture, and yet the land is rich and fertile and the
climate is favorable to vegetable growths of all kinds. Delicious fmite and veget-
ables grow wild, and natnre seems to be only waiting to respond to intelligent effort
and pour forth her treasures most lavishly. Every white man who comes here drops
at once into trade in the cities, unless he comes as an officer in the Spanish service or
has a special mission that will not admit of his doing anything else. No one thinks
of trying to get a fortune from the interior of the country, and the exportation of
hemp, sugar, coffee, indigo, etc., is considered, apparently, the only occupation that
an American or Englishman ought to engage in. Coffee is a comparatively new arti-
elo of export; a few years ago none was shipped, but last year 5,447.74 tons were
exported, noue of it, however, going directly to the United States. About 40,000
manila hats were shipped to the united States last year.
PROFESSOR STBERE'S EXPLORATIONS.
There are many things which, although abundant in various parts of the artshipel-
ago, are seldom or never exported. Natives come into Manila with great bamboo
trays on their heads loaded with the finest kind of ginger root, which they dig in the
woods, where it grows plentifnllv, bnt, as far as I have learned none of it is ever ex-
ported. They sell it to the small Chinese dealers, who retail it to the city natives,
and the latter make a weak tea with it to drink with their rice and fi8h. Prof. J. B.
Steere, professor of zoology at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., wbo
has been exploring these islands for the past year, tells me that arrowroot grows in
great abundance on some of the sonthern islands, but none of it is exported. Pro-
fessor Steere, who has been accompanied by Messrs. Dean C. Worcester, Frank 8.
Bourns, and E. L. Mosley, has made a number of most interesting diacoyeiiea in the
CONTINENT OP ASIA-^PHIUPPINE ISLANDS. 195"
way of new species of birds and beasts, and incidentally has studied qnite closely the
trees, frnits, and plants of the archipelago. He is now on his way home, and I have
no donbt that the report which he contemplates making soon after his arrival will be
looked for with great interest not only by scientific men but by merchants and
traders, who wUl find it a mine of most yalaabVs information. This is Professor
Steere's second visit to the Philippines, and I am quite satisfied that there is no man
living to-day who has explored the islands so thoroughly or who has any thing like
the vast knowledge of their resources that he has acquired. He is stronglv impressed
hj their immense wealth in rare woods, gums, plants, etc., and the undevelopea possi-
bilities for men of intelligence, industry, and capital. ^
The Jangles are filled with rattan of all varieties, and quantities of it are nsed by
the natives instead of nails in building their houses, while the Chinese make pretty
furniture of it; but I have never heara of tafy of^'t being exported. Cocoa-nuts are
very plentiful, and millions of them, formed into immense rafts, are floated down the
rivers and creeks to the cities and towns, where they are sold. Quite a large number
are eaten in the raw state, while many are made into preserves of various kinds, but by
far the greater portion are converted into oil, wbicn is burned in the native lamps
or nsed to grease the raven tresses of the native belles. Very few are exported. Oc-
casionally an enterprising Chinaman will fill a ship with them, top the cargo off with
a few hides and betel nuts, and ship them to Hong-Kong or some other port in China,
but I think they go no farther.
Fragrant wo^ds, herbs, and gums and medicinal plants and trees grow profusely,
but no one pays any attention to them except the natives, who gather small quantities
and sell them as their necessities prompt.
I inadvertently omitted to say, when referring to the habits of the natives, that the
average countryman d^es not take kindly to labor, and indulges in it oply when he
finds it necessary to supply some of his pressing needs. If he should happen to need
something for his family that could not be procured without money, or desired
to contribute something to his church, he would go out and gather fruit, or ginger
orpine-apples enough For the i>urpose. But his wants are very few, and he doesn't
feel the necessity of work. This statement does not apply to the city native^ nor to
those living in the adjacent suburbs, who as a rule are quite industrious.
^ OCPORTBD RICB.
As an Ulastration of the prevailing indifference to agriculture, the fact that it is found
necessary to import rice is very striking. Rice is the staff of life for the natives and
takes the place of bread ; there is plenty of fertile land in these islands upon which
it might be cultivated, and yet last year $1,304,000 worth was imported m>m China
and Japan to supply the market here. I have neither seen nor heard of a farm nor a
farmer since I have been here^ and yet I have seen tracts of rich land that I believe
an American farmer would go into ecstacies over.
Many of the natives have little patches of com, and for roasting or boiling when
yonng it is fully as ^ood as the average American sweet-corn. When ripe and dry it
18 bard and flinty, like our best red corn, but I have never seen any of it shelled for
sale on the market, nor is corn-meal made as far as I know. It is apparently raised
ftnly for roasting, and when green it is peddled about the streets by the natives,
cooked and raw, for one cuatro (lucent) per ear and three reals (37^ oents) per one
hundred ears at wholesale. I am told that it reaches maturity five weeks after plant-
ing, and I am sure there have been two crops here since the first of last January.
Large quantities of indigo and ylang ylang are exported, but it is an exceedingly
small percentage of what might he ship)>ed. Ylang ylang, it is asserted, is peculiar
to these islands and \b found nowhere else. The fragrant blossoms are hawked about
the streets of Manila in large bamboo trays by native women who sell them by the
handful to ladies and gentlemen who desire to perfume their trunks and wardrobes.
A handful worn in the inside pocket of the coat will soon make a man smell like a
wedding. There are quite a number of other aromatic blossoms, leaves, and roots
need for similar purposes, which grow in profusion in the interior and are sold about
the streets in small quantities.
THB ICANILA. ICANOO.
Among the many Inscions fruits of the islands the mango is the most famous. It
is asserted that nowhere in the East does this iVuit reach such perfection as in the
Philippines, and the ''Manila mani:o" has a great reputation throughout this side of
the world. It is about the size and shape of a slightly flattened goose egg— probably
a little larger — with a yellowish skin and meat a light shade of lavender. It is very
Juicy and nas a rich, peachy flavor, with faint suggestions of half a dosen other kinds
196 COMMEBCIAL BELATIONS.
•
of fraits. Of coarse it cannot be sbipped in its natural state, but it and many other
fraits might be preserved or canned and exported to the United States and other
countries qnite profitably. When the mango first makes its appearance in Manila,
in January, it sells for most extravagant prices. This year the early ones sold for
50 cents each, and 1 heard it said that some of the wealthy Spaniards paid as high as
$10 a dozen for them. But after the first week or two the price drops to 25 cents each,
then to a dollar a dosen, and continues to decline untU the market is fall of them at
12 and 15 cents a dozen at retail.
AUEX. B. Wkbb,
ComuL
UiaTED States Consulatb,
Mwila, Augu$t 1, 1888.
AUSTRALASIA.
SOUTH AUSTRALIA.
SEPOBT BT OOirSVLAB AeXlTT MUBPBT, OF ADKIA.IDE.
" • • •
The colony of Soath Anstvalia havinjg^ jast completed the fiftieth anniyersary of
ib foQodatioD, the ntatistics embodied in this report will give some idea of the rapid
strides it has made in material progress and civilization since it was erected into a
colony five decades ago. Then, like most early settlements, the land presented all
the possibilities for tb^ formation of a great colony, and only reaniied labor and
popalation to convert the wilderness into the prosperous towns and flourishing farms
that are spread over the land to-day. . This has not been done without a great strug-
gle, a straggle that has been more severe than in most new colonies, owing to the
irregularity of the rain-fall and the consequent scarcity of water. The numerous
checks that the colony has received in its onward march may all be traced primarily
to dry seasons and their Inevitable result, bad crops, and depression amoug the
sheep-raisers. Until very lately, wheat, wool, and copper have been almost the only
products of the colony. When from any cause the supply of the two former has
failed, or the price of copper has fallen, the result has been disastrous to the colony.
But now that the resources of the land have been better developed, and gold, silver,
copper, and tin mining are flourishing industries, and the manufacture of jams,
agrionltural implements, wine, and oil are carried out upon a large scale, the pros-
perity of the land depends lees than formerly on the one hazard of a good wheat
crop. Thns the result of seasons of drought will not be so widely felt or so gener-
ally disastrons, and the colony in all probability will make far greater progress
during the next fifty years of its existence than it has done in the half century that
has Just passed away.
in the details of the progress of the colony and its present status the first item is:
POPUIATIOK.
The popnlation at the end of last year was estimated at 317,446, which is only
4,000 more than in 1885, but, as the estimate for 1886 was only 312,758, it shows an
increase of nearly 5,000 for last year. The subjoined table shows the estimated pop-
niation of the colony for the past ten years :
1878 : 848, 7W
187S 259,460
1880 * ^... aC7,673
1881 288,824
1882 2W,609
1RP8 804,515
1884 ^ 812,781
1885 813,423
1886 812,768
1887 817,446
It will be seen that the increase in population from 1878 to 1879 was over 10,000 ;
from 1879 to 1880, over 8,000; from 1880 to 1881, over 18,000; from 1881 to 1882,
over 7.000; from 188i to 1883, over 11,000; and from 1883 to 1884, over 8,000. Since
1884 the increase has not been 5,000. The average sccess to population from 1878
to 1884 was over 9,000; but from 1884 to 1887 it had falleD to 1,500. This is niainlv
due to the depressed times, resulting from over speonlation in land, combined witn
continued baa harvests. The phenomena of decreasing population in bad times is
common to all the colonies, and seems to be the outcome of the oscillation of what
may be called a *' floating population" who wander from colony to colony in search
of prosperous times^ and have no home or ties sufficiently strong to induce tbem to
settle permanently m any one province In addition to that the newly-formed min-
ing towns of Silverton and Broken Hill have been chiefly populated by Sonth Aus-
tralians, to which colonv those towns geographically belong, though they are under
the Mew Soutii Wales aoministration ; but, considering that all the business in those
198
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
places Ib transacted tbroogh South Australia, this colony reaps the sabstantial beoe^t
of the population. About 15,000 of the population were lost in this way during 1885,
1886, and 1887. However, population is steadily increasing now, especially In Ade-
laide and suburbs, where tne former decrease was most acutely felt. Adelaide and
Bularbs now contain 113,000 souls.
ULND.
The whole province contains an area equal to 578,961,600 acres, which givea the
proportion of 3 square miles of country to every soul in the colony. The tot^ acreage
alienated up to January 1, 188H. was 9.860,927, or in the proportion of 31 acres per
head of the population. Included in tne total are 7,308f acres, which were taken up
last year as workingmen's blocks containing from 5 to 20 acres each and leased for
twenty-one years at an average rental of 32 cents per acre.
The greater portion of the laud alienated, outsiae of city and township property,
has been sold under the ** Credit selections act,'' which permits farmers to select land
on payment of a deposit of 10 per cent, of the purchase money, and spreads the pay-
ment of the balance over a number of years. The act has worked fairly well, but it
has been found that the price of $5 per acre has been in a sreat many instances too
high, and has tended to make the lot of numbers of the smiuL farmers a simple strug-
gle for existence. Of the 9,860,927 acres alienated, 6,310*,497 acres have been take^
up on credit at a price of $41,90^,640.
WHEAT CROP. ^
About 2,800,000 acres of the land alienated from the Crown were cultiTated last
year, and most of it (2,008,100 acres) were utilised for growing wheat, &nd produced
about 20,023,000 bushels of grain, or an average of 10 bushels per acre. . It will be
seen from the following table that this is the best yield the colony has had since
1875-'76:
Bnshela.
Pounds.
BoAhelft.
Pounds.
1876-'76.
11
S7
24
46
9
47
68
84
1882-'83
4
7
7
t
5
10
18
187ft-77
1883-*84
66
1877-78
1884-'86
32
187ft-'79
1885>'86
45
187Q-'80
1886-*87
16
188a-*81
1887-88
0
1881-'8S
The figures give an average yield of 6 bushels 55 pounds per acre for the last thir-
teen years, which is 3 bushels and 55 pounds less than last year's yield. The low
average for the last thirteen years is due in a great measure to the improvident man-
ner in which the farmers sterilize the land by sowing wheat in the same land year
after year without any attempt to irrigate, rest, manure, or in any way vary the
crop. A second factor may be traced to the large area of land upon which wheat is
grown which is situated beyond what is known as ** Goyder's line of rain-falL'' This
line hss been marked down by the surveyor-eeneral of this province, north of which
he declares the rain-fall to be too uncertain for wheat growing purposes, and though
in one or two years fair crops have been grown beyond this firoit, the average yield
for that portion of the country has tended to verify Mr. Goyder's statement.
Out of the 20,023,000 bushels of wheat produced at least 2,000,000 bushels will be ro-
qnired for seed purposes^ and, say, 1,732,500 bushels for home consumption. There
would then remain available for export 16,290,500 bushels, and this with some
l,440,0i;0 bushels still on hand at the end of 1887 make a total of 17,r30,500 bushels
available for export this year. This at the low average price of 75 cents per bushel
means a sum of $13,297,875 to the colony. Though the yield has been prolific the
sample is not quite up to the average for the past ten yeai's. The sample this year
weighed 66 pounds 11^ ounces.
Decennial return of weight of wheat per imperial huekeh
I
Ponnds. Onncea.
1878 66 5
1879 66 1
1880 68 0|
1881 66 6
1882 67 11
Pounds. Ooneos.
IB^ 68 9
1884 67 14
1886 66 6
1886 66 1©
1887 66 U*
AUSTBALASIA — BOUTB AUSTBALIA.
199
A referonce to the table of the average yield will show that the weight of the sariy-
ple does not depeud upon the abun dance of the yield, for though the sample has been
generally of good weight in good seasons, still the best wheat has been produced in
the bad seasons, notably in lHd3. wbeu the yield only averaged 4^ bashels, but the
sample weighed the heaviest recorded in the ten years, viz., 68 pounds 9 ounces. Tbe
reason of this appears partly from the fact that bad harvests have been the resnlt of
other causes than dry seasons. Heavy storms when the grain is ready for leaping,
red mst, and grasshoppers have all added their quota at diSferent times towards rain-
ing the harvest.
THK FLOUB, INBUSTBT.
The manofaotnre of flour in South Australia, always a great industry here, has im-
proved in a wonderful manner during the past few years, and the introduotion of the
roller system has given it a great impetus. The quality of our wheat enables the
miller to turn out an article which commands attention in e>ery part of the world,
and it is not so surprising therefore that a ready sale is obtainable in places where
competition is not so keen arto oanse too great a difference in price between the home
and South Australian produced article, ft is only lately that China has been drawing
supplies from South Australian flonr, but during the present season a large quantity
has fonnd its way to Hong-Kong. New South Wales has for many years purchased most
of her flour in this colony, and during the last twelve months close on to 20,000 tons
have been sent to Sydney and some 10,000 tons to Queensland, another old customer.
About 3,000 tons have gone to South Africa, and Ceylon, New Caledonia, and Cochin
China, have also drawn small lots. For the twelve months ending September 30,
75,349 ton's had been exported, representing a value^of $:), :37,315. Of this 60,000 tons
are credited to Port Adelaide, Port Pirie coming next with 8,628 tons. For the man-
ufacture of flour there are 85 mills in the colony, with a total horse-power of 1,951 and
employing 644 hands
RAIN-FALT.
In no country in the world is the rain-fall a matter of so much consequence as in
this province. A succession of dry seasons not only causes wide-spread depression,
bat absolutely paralyses all the business of the couytry. Tbe one great cry of the
land is for water, of which it is almost impossible to get too much. The Qovemment
has awakened to this fact, and to minimize the efiects of lon^ droushts is carrying
out large schemes for water conservation, such as the coostruction of large dams and
reservoirs where the rain-fall is good and the conformation of the country affords
facilities for such operations. In drier districts where rain is more scarce recourse
is had to boring, and artesian wells are now fairly numerous in the arid back country,
and promise to be a great source of benefit to the farmers.
Only twice in the last twenty-five years has the rain-fall exceeded the amount re-
corded last year, 25.701 inches. In 18^ the fall was 26.761 inches, and in 1875, 28.964
inches were registered. By comparing the following table of the rain-fall since 1875
with tbe table of the wheat yield during the same period it will be seen how nni-
fbnnly the heavy rain-fall is succeeded by a good crop.
TabU of rain^f all for past thirteen yean.
InohM.
1875 .«-. ». 28.064
1876 13.434
1877 24.949
1878 22.083
1879 20.709
18«0 22.226
1081 18.192
InobM.
1882 16.742
1883 26.761
1884 18.738
1885 15.887
1886 14.420
1887 ^ 26.701
EXPORTS.
The annual value of the exports of the colony is in a great measure dependent upon
the crops, but the highest figure the exports ever reached was $26,461, 110 in 1884, wnen
there was only a medium harvest. The exports for 1887, owing to the failure of the
harvest of 18B6 and the dullness of the times, only reached $16,742,805. Of this
amount $8,754,260 worth, consistingof everything the colony produced, fonnd its way
to the Uniteu Kingdom, whilst only $140,530 worth of exports, consisting chiefly of
kangaroo skins, reached the United States from here. The total vahie of kan-
garoo and opossum skins exported was $249,225, and they were chiefly for the
American market ; but as the total exports fur the States direct was only $140,530,
it shows that more than 50 per cent, of the exports from here to the States found ltd
200
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
way tfaere from some other coantry. This Is accoanted for by the fact that owing to
the waut of direct commnnioatiou between this colony and America, parcels for
America are consigned to England, and thence re-exported to their destination. Of
the total exports, abont 116,750,000, nearly $14,000,000 were made np of the six fol-
lowing items.
Wool, Urgett smonnt ev«r exported. . . $8, 7M, 58S
Copper sbd copper ore 1,201,066
WLeal * 1,801.870
Hoar :. .c*4 $a;488»SI0
Bark 284.935
BalUon 88S.S00
The only remaining articles besides live-stock and perishable articles that exceeded
$10,000 in value were:
AfrriciiUaral implements $128,005
Apparel and slope.. « 10,220
Beer •. 12.H10
Bone dost 13,200
Bootsand shoes 16,650
Bntter 16.080
ZggB 148,1:0
Bran 120,775
Pollaid 83,316
Hay and chaff 184,430
Iron Klrdersand oolnmna 81,740
Jams and JeUies 110,485
Leather 186,845
Manure 17,836
Meat, preserved and salt «. $22^010
Manganeae ore j 25^720
Potatoes 18,075
Saddles and harness 13,860
KanffHroo skins 197,. 840
Babbit skins 37,670
Opossum skins .-. 13,610
Sheep skins 402,210
Soap 48,720
Tallow 43,066
Tannase 18,020
Vehicles 63,830
Unennmerated articles 25,100
Wine 118,!
The item of wine has been steadily increasing in the amonnt exported, and since
the Indian and Colonial and Adelaide Jubilee Exhibitions the trade has assamod
moch larger proportions. The wines made herS are finding great favor in the £n«
glish market, where they are considered to compete favorably with the l>est French
wines. The amonnt of wine annually produced now is 600,000 gallons from 4,£^
acres of vineyards. In 1H66 the acreage nnder cultivation for this industry was 6,^9
acres, and the wine produced was 895,000 gallons, but of much inferior quality to
that now manufactured. The large wine makers now buy the Aruit of the small grape
growers, and by this means the produce is kept more nniform in character and can
be reproduced year after year
•
BABK.
The supply of wattle bark, which this colony produces, is practically nnlimit47d in
extent, and is one of the finest tanning agents in the world. The following is the re-
port of the royal imperial commissioners for the Colonial and Indian Exhibition :
** They have an admirable tanuitig agent in the bark of the Accacia mimosa^ or wattle, as
it is spoken of in the country. The leather produced by this bark is some of it of
bright color and high excellence, and large quautities are sent to England, where it
sells as readily as the production of their tan-yards. The black wattle bark is the rich-
est in tanning properties, and the best is that shipped from Adelaide, where the chop-
ping, grinding, packing, etc., is as well done as they are capable of being. The wat-
tle grows wild now, but would prove an immense source of revenue to cultivate, as
the trees would yield easily a ton to the acre, and that at $37 or $40 per ton woold
pay the small expenses incident to cultivation and an almost princely profit.
yMPOBTB.
The import trade of the colony for the past year reached the value of $25,481,465,
and though this amount is less by $5,750,000 than the imports in 18b2. it shows a large
increase over the past year for which the figures are 1886, $24,113,750, and a slight
decrease on the $26,445,070 imported in 1885. The imports from the United Slates
declined from $914,865 in 1885 to $852,520 in 1886, and last year there was a further
drop to $571,220, a clear indication that from some cause the trade between this col-
ony and the United States, which might Ue developed to an unlimited extent, has
gradually fallen away. The English imports have also fallen off, especially between
1885 and 1886, when the decrease amounted to $3,940,000, and lust year was $125,000
less than in 1886. The increasing trade between this colony and New South Wales
has been mainly responsible for this. In 1886 the trade between here and Sydney
showed an increase of nearly $5,000,000 over 1885, and last year about $1,250,000 over
1886. The imports from Queensland have also grown a hundred per cent, since 1885,
AUSTRALASIA — SOUTH AUSTRALIA.
201
vrhen tbey were^valned at $370,000. Trade between this and the remaining colonies
during th^. last three years has shown a decided downward tendency. At, all events
the figures show that the merchants in this colony are not so wedded to English man-
nfactures as to decline to go elsewhere, and a little energy on the part of American
houses could increase a hundred fold tueir present exports to this colony which, in
the nndcTeloped state of its manufactures. a£fordA sucn a splendid field for the more
matured manufactures of older nations. That there is a wide field here for American
enterprise and trade may be easily gathered from the following table of articles im-
ported last year, and whose import value exceeded |25,000 :
Wool $3,866,000
Sogar. molAMM, «nd glnoose. 1, 300. 000
Ihwery 1,300,000
Bamon 1,18&,000
Cotton, linen, snd woolens 1,180,000
To» 005,900
Appwel 630.000
Beer *. 630,000
BagBftndBacks 680,000
Boots Mid shoes 415,000
Coal * 305,000
Spirits 390,000
Wire 140,000
StaUonery. .^ 140,000
Wood (nnennmerated) 135,000
Grain, barley and maize 135,000
Oats 130,000
Ihnedflsh 115,000
Deal and battens 115,000
Coffee, raw and roasted 8|(,000
Malt .• 85,000
Boards 80,000
Capet sod dmxg^ting. 70.000
Candles 70,000
Win© 70,000
Haobinery $370,000
Drugs 276,000
Olllnbnlk 276, OOo
Gal¥anUed iron..- 226,000
Tobaooo, cigars, and snuff 200,000
Fancy goods 19^000
Buoks 185.000
Hardware .*... 180,000
Agricnltural implements 180,000
Tweeds and cloths 106,000
Furniture • 140,000
Bar and rod iron 140,000
Wood, spars and quartering 66,000
Leather 60.000
Potatoes „ 60,000
Rice 60,000
Hops 60,000
linsical instruments 60,000
Plate and plated ware 65,000
Glass and glassware 65,000
Earthenware andohina .-. 65,000
Jewelry 60,000
Chocolate 46.000
Clocks and watches 45,000
Nails 80,000
The articles in the above list supplied by Great Britain were chiefly machinery,
ironmongery, printed books, stationery, drapery of all sorts, spirits, drngs, jewelry,
tweeds, cloths, and every variety of manufactured articles. The imports from the
United States consisted chifly of kerosene, and other mineral oils, tobacco and musi-
cal instruments, thus leaving the bulk of American manufactures comparatively un-
represented. England monopolized 44.1 per cent, of the entire trade, and the other-
colonies 45.1 p^r cent., whilst the imports from all foreign countries inolnding Amer-
ica only reacned 6.5 per cent, upon the total amount.
• TARIFF.
The protective tariff which was adopted last November will probably have a de-
terrent effect upon the import trade during the current year,' and this will probably
be more marked as time goes on and man noctures which have risen under the shel-
tering wing of protection commence to put forth their supply. However, the tariff
though distinctly protective is by no means prohibitive, and the free list is the most
extensive of all, consisting chieny of articles which the colony affords no facilities to
produce. The large import of wool into the colony is due to the South Australian ports
being easier of access to many of the back country stations in Victoria, Queensland,
and New South Wales.
VITAL STATISTICS.
It is a feature in South Australian, as well as in the statistics of all the colonies,
that there has been for some years a steady decrease in the birth and marriage rates.
It is somewhat difficult to account for the falling off in births, and the explanation
if any, would probably be more readily ascertained by an inquiry into the morals ot
the community, than by an analysis of its commercial status. The marriage rate is
always low in depressed times, and the present falling off in the number of marriages
may possibly be due to the wave of dull times which nas swept over the whole world
during the last few years. In 187^ there was an average of 38.22 births per thousand of
population in this colony, and though the average has fluctuated a little since it now
stands at 35.07 per thousand. Marriages in 1878 averaged 9.47 per thousand but in
18H7 they only reached 6.40 per thousand, a fall of nearly :^ per cent. •
The death rate has declined from 15.44 per thousand in 1878 to 12.77 in 1887, which
is the lowest death rate in the colonies. This low rate may be traced pretty clearly
to the adoption of the deep-drainage system in Adelaide and some of the suburbs,
and It is mainly there that the great decrease in the number of deaths has been ap-
202
COBfMERCtAL RELATIONS.
parent. The following is a decennial retarn of the proportion of the births, deaths,
and marriages to the living population of the colony :
Year.
Proportion to every
1. 000 of the popnla-
don of—
Year.
Proparfcion to every
1« MM of the popula-
tion of—
Births.
Mar.
riages.
Deaths.
Births.
Mar-
riagee.
Desths.
1878
38.22
8l81
86.81
37.11
36.64
9.47
8.77
8.66
8 00
8.55
16.44
14.04
14.79
18.90
14.84
1888
86.64
87.60
87.70
35.32
85.07
8.88
a 18
7.65
6ut4
6l40
14 5i
1879
1884
15:24
1880
1881
1885
12L28
1886
18.98
1882
1887
1177
Possibly, all the birth, death, and marriage rates wonld be somewhat lower if the
actnal population of the colony could be definitely ascertained, but there has been
no census taken since 1881. A censns should have been made in 1886, but owing to
the bad financial position of the colony then, it was decided for economy's sake to
make no census and to abandon the annual collection of the live-stock and agricnlt-
urai returns. Iii those matters, therefore, all the figures mnst be taken as approxi-
mate. They are chiefly compiled from the returns of the daily papers who spare no
Eains to insure their accuracy, bift being unsupported by act of parliament they
ave no means to compel those who are unwilling to famish returns to send them
information.
MIKING.
The mining industry in this colony has receiyed a great impetus by the discoTery
of the Broken Hill and other mines in the Barrier district of New South Wales, about
9 miles from the South Australian border. As mentioned before these places belong
l^ographically to this colony. Though situated in New South Wales, the population
)8 mostly derived from here and the greater part of the trade and the substaotial
benefits of the discovery flow into this province. A branch from this colony's main
trunk line of railway brings Broken Hill within sixteen hours' journey of Adelaide.
The Broken Hill proprietary mine is one of the richest silver mines ever discovered,
and it is said to rival even the great Comstock mine. The lode is several miles in
length and varies from 60 to lOU feet in width. Tbe'weekly output of ore from the
mines varies from 1,200 to 1,500 tons which yield from 40 to 45 ounces of silver per
ton. The capital of the company is 11,600,000 in shares of |100 each, issued as being
paid up to 995. Dividends are paid at the rate of |L0 per share per month and already
$2,520,000 have been paid in this wav. The shareholders have also received for block
14 shares in that company whose value was $2,160,000. For blocks 15 and 16, $2,880,-
000 in cash and 80,000 $25 shares fully paid up. For block 10, they received 96^000
$50 shares paid up to $48. All the skilled labor for the mine has been imported nom
America, notably Mr. Patt-on, the manager, who filled a similar position at the great
Comstock mine. Mr. Schlapp, the underground manager occupied a like situation at
that renowned mine. The assayer is -also an American. There are numerous other
mines in the district which are not doing as well as they might owing to the difficulty
in obtaining machinery to concentrate ores which are easily obtainable ^m exten-
sive lodes that are not of a rich description. There is a wide field open here for the
ingenuity of machinists in America, who might make an immense trade with this
colony by manufacturing machinery of the nature indicated.
Some silver mines of great promise are also being developed in Sonth Australia
proper, about 250 miles from Adelaide, and bid fair to be equally as productive as the
Barrier mines. The deposit is said to be 20 or 30 square miles in extent, with lodes
that exceed 100 feet in width. Assays of ore from the field have given from 60 to 100
ounces of silver per ton and from 40 to 60 per cent, of lead.
In spite of all these finds the share market is dull, owing partly to the reaction after
the excited state of the market when the discoveries were first made, and partly to
the natural delay that mnst occur between the floating of the companies and the
proper development of the mines.
Tne revival of the price of copper, through the operations of a French syndicate,
has given a fresh impetus to the working of the copper mines here. Most of the mines
were closed and the towns around them robbed of half their inhabitants, and
the houses fallen to decay, but the rise in the price of copper has stimulated the
mining conumnies to fresh exertions, and has induced the opening up of new mines
1l
AUSTRALASIA — SOUTH AUSTRALIA.
203
iliat wonld not pay to work duringthe time that oopper was quoted at the low figure
of $156 per ton. The Moonta and Wallaroo mines are in full work again and are pay-
ing good dividends. Daring 1887 tbere^was a larger amoant of oopper exported than
in any year previonsly, except in 1884. when the amount exported was 91,441 cwt«.
of copper and 23,968 tons of ore, as compared with 77|490 cwts. of copper and
12,695 tons of ore exported last year. Though the amount of copper and ore sent
away last year was, except one, the largest amount exported in one year, the money-
retnm for it was the lowest hat once, viz, $1,599,770. The lowest value was in 1886,
$1,376,400 for 72,711 cwts of copper and 14,782 tons of ore.
Gold mining is progressing steadily, aud in a«ldition to the Teetnlpa and Woodside
finds a fresh cUsoovery is reported hpyond Terowie, about 180 miles from the capital.
The reefs appear to be of an exceedingly rich description, and quartz that has been
tested has given from 6 to 140 ounces per ton. Grold has also been found in the Hc-
Bonnell ranges near the reported find of rubies. The reefs there are extensive and
rich and offered a great opportunity for thorough miners to make a fortune.
There has been a great deal of excitement over the reported find of rabies in the
McDonnell ranges in the far North, but from the report of experts in 'England it ap-
pears that the gems are only garnets of a very superior kind. It is probable that
mining in all its branches will receive a very great stimulus when the act legalizing
mining on private property which is now before the legislature becomes law. Now
that the finds of gold are so extensive it might be pointed out that America might
command the whole trade and supply the demand for gold-crushing and concentrat-
ing machinery which now for the irant of a little pushing finds its way to England
And the other colonies.
SHIPPING.
The shipping trade in the colony shows a large increase in the last few years both
in cargo and passenger steamers, but the sailing-vessel trade is steadily grower weaker
as the greater facilities for transferring cargo and the shorter times in which steamers
deliver it increase. There are two lines of mail steamers, the P. and O. Company and
the Orient Company, both of which receive aid from the English and Colonial Oov-
emments. Their fieets are composed mostly of steamers whose tonnage exceeds 5,000
tons. In addition to these the Messa^eries Maritime Company's boats and those of
the Nord Deutscher Lloyds Steamship Company call every mouth. Both of these
lines are subsidized by the Qovernments of the countries to which they belong. There
are several lines of British cargo steamers that call, and the British India Steam Nav-
igation Company V boats put in an appearance occasionally.
It is most noticeable that there are no steamers from the United States calling here,
although there is a splendid opening for them. Most of the prominent mercantile
marine countries in the world, except the United States, are represented by steamers
calling for our trade. The San Francisco mail steamers only come as far as Sydney,
and as a result this colony has to pay 38 cents per pound for the carriage of letters
that come by that route, from Syduey to Adelaide, and for which the United States
makes no allowance to this Government This could easily be obviated by the steam-
era calling here via Melbourne, and would be the means of opening np direct com-
munication between here and America.
In course of time the vessels that are trading here no^ will have obtained such
deep root in commercial circles that any opposition then will be a tedious and expen-
sive undertaking. Only 17 vessels arrived here from American ports last year, and
ont of this number only two ships, whose combined tonnage only reached 1,400 tons,
were flying the American flag. The remainder were all foreign vessels that were
doing the trade that America itself neglected.
Latest advices state that a large company has been formed in Hamburg for the
purpose of rnnning a line of boats from there to Australia. It will be seen from the
following decennial statement of the number and tonnage of vessels arriving at Port
Adelaide that 1884 was the best year in the last ten both as regards the number of
vessels and tonnage outward and inward. Since then the large steamers calling here
have naturally decreased the number of smaller vessels calling here.
Years.
1878
1R70
188)
1881
188J
Arrivals.
Departures.
No.
TWM.
No.
Tom.
1,026
462,738
1,035
453, 535
1,092
467, 729
1,039
465. 182
1,94.5
590.085
1,111
610,819
1, 07-2
640,885
1.081
628,606
1,113
676,441
1,099
661,777
Years.
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
Arrivals.
No.
1.062
1, 120
1.072
859
907
Ton*.
748, 926
009.334
893. 092
770, 922
841,422
Departurea.
No,
1,074
l.lll
1,091
878
905
Tons.
755, 839
925. 197
913.950
787.554
836,461
204 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
It 18 interesting to note that dnrtng the last ten years the annual nnmber of ships
arriving at onr port decreased 1L.6 per cent., bat the tonnage increased 85.8 per
cent., m that though the nnmber of vessels thaV arrived last year was 119 less than
in 1^8, their tonnage was greater by 36H,684 tons.
The following is a list of vessels owned and registered fn the colony : Steamers 88j
tonnage 11,481 ; sailing vessels 134, tonnage 15,583; barges, hnlks, and lighters 82,
tonnage 7,804 ; total 307 vessels, tonnage 34,808, or an average of a little more than
112 tons each. The Government vessels are not inolnded in thisr They ooDBistof
H steamers, 2,220 tons ; 7 dredges, 1,800 tons ; 3 lannches, (>0 tons ; 6 light-ships and
hulks, 420 tons; 9 barges, 2,000 tons; 53 pontons 2,000 tons; 6 life-boats, and H. M.
C. S. Protector, 1,000, tons, 10 guns, and equippea in the most complete manner with
the latest improvements.
F0RK8T DEPARTBfENT.
This department is developing into one of the most useful departments in the colony
and is yielding a revenue that promises to be of substantial value to the colony. The
forest department was first established In 1870, and since then natural forests have
been protected and reserves granted which have been planted with trees of a nseful
description. These have all been wonderfully successful, and^ tree nurseries, bring
in a good income. In the northern district of the colonv tbereare 8 reserves contain-
ing 23,r.M acres. In the western district one reserve of 4,174 acres. In the son them
district 9 reserves, containing altogether 45,440 acres. In aU, 24 reserves cont-aining
an aggregate of 165,324 acres. Additional to this are 6,685 acres of Ian t inclosed and
devoted to the purpose of planting and the encouragement of a natural growth of
trees in the indigenous forests. • There are six nurMorics under the department of an
aggregate area ofZ3 acres, fi^om which about 1,000,000 trees have been raised annually,
but it is hoped with recent improvements to double this nnmber in fntnre.
Last year the expenditure for this department was $27,315, and the revenue $40,615w
Since the establishment of the department Uie expenditure has been $290,000, and the
revenue $295,000. Thas the whole work of the department has been carried on with-
out any actual expense to the country, and at th^ same time the reserves are valued
at $750,000, and are a permanent source of revenue. A contract has been entered into
by the forest department with the Broken Hill proprietary mine for the supply ox
200,000 feet of sawed timber per month for the next three years. Besides smaller con-
tracts large quantities of railway sleepers are supplied to the Government as required.
To encourage the planting and culture of trees an act has been passed authorizing
the payments of $10 per acre for every acre planted by a land-owner, under certain
specitied conditions.
lULU^WAYS.
The railway system of South Australia now extends over l,499f miles and there are
273^ miles in course of construction. The lines extend nearly 690 miles to the north
of Adelaide, and nearly 200 miles to the south.
The most important line yet opened is the line to the Victorian border, which con-
nects this city with Melbourne and Sydney. The distance by rail from here to Mel-
bourne is 510 miles and the express train occupies 18 hours in performing the Journey.
There Is railway communication with Broken Hill, a distance of 310 miles, which tape
all the trade from the Barrier district.
The transcontinental line from Adelaide to Port Darwin is completed nearly as far
as Angle Pole, 690 miles north of Adelaide. There is a line being constructed from
Palmerston in the Northern territory to Pine Creek, 146miles, which Une itis proposed
to push inland and eventually connect with the transcontinental line, of which there
are still 1,000 miles to construct. There is considerable difference of opinion abont
the construction of the intervening^ 1,000 miles to complete the line. Many are averse
to the colony increasing its public debt to the extent that would be neceasary for
finishing the work. There seems to be a {^rowing disposition to have It finished on
the land-ffrant system. American capitalists who have had any experience in this
kind of work would find here a splendid opening for them. The line will traverse
some of the richest pastoral and mineral country in the whole continent, besides
opening up a rente that would, with efiicient steam service, bring the ooloniea in the
matter of mail communication several days closer to England.
The railway returns show that the total cost of construction of the railways in the
colony has been $48,531, 185, and the revenue was $4,298,140, or 4.45 per cent, on the total
cost of construction. The average interest on the money borrowed for oonstruotion
is 4 per cent., so that the money invested in railways has, after paying interest on
money borrowed, contributed 0.45 per cent, profit to the general revenue. The total
working expenses were $2,170,000 and the earnings $4,330,000, leaving a profit of
$^, 180,000. This is the best return the railways of the colony have made, for in no pre-
vious year has the excess of receipts over expenses been sufficient to cover the interest
^
AUSTRALASIA — SOUTH AUSTRALIA.
205
OD the ori^nal coat. The railways have now b^en placed under a board of three com-
niisaioners. who are not subject to parliamentary control. The chairman of the board
is Mr. J. W. Smith) who was mana<;er of the Great Western line in England. His
two colleagues are Mr. Hill, who has been manager of a large coaching company for
many years, and Mr. A. S. Neill, a gentleman of wide commercial experience. It is
hoped that, under this management, the railways will be considerably more profitable
than hitherto.
SKINS.
Perhaps the largest item of trade between this colony and the United States con-
sists of kangaroo and wallaby (a smaller marsupial) skins. Owing to the growing
demand for these skins large parties are engaged oatching these animals, male and
female, old and yonng, in season and out of season, and as they are classed as vermin
by the Government there is no close season, and these marsupials will very soon be
exterminated. Considering the prospects of this trade and the extent to which it
might be developed, the Government should take some steps to prevent the total
destruction of tneae animals and encourage their production within inclosed areas.
The tails and hind quarters are considered a delicacy, and a large trade might be
done bv preserving them. At present the slaughter is conducted on a wholesale
principle. The animals are driven in great numbers into an improvised stock-yard,
and are then knocked on the head with waddles. This is found preferable to shooting,
because skins that have been perforated by shot lose considerably in market value.
Rabbits have simply overrnu the colony, and many thousands of dollars are paid
annually for their scalps. They are exceedingly destructive, and in thoue districts
where they are most numerous make almost palpable dedrease in the wheat yield.
The sapply of these skins Is practically unlimited.
FINANCE.
The financial position of the colony, which has during the past few years been the
cause of so much anxiety to all, has at length assumed a brighter aspect Retrench-
ment nasbeen the order of the day in all Guvernmeut departments, and thiSk combined
ifith the increased trade, due to the plentiful harvest and the development of the
mineral wealth of the colony, have tended to assist the treasurer in putting before the
country a statement which shows ah estimated surplus of $865,000 of revenue over
expenditure for the present financial year. It will be seen by reference to the fol-
lowing table of revenue and expenditure that since 1882 the expenditure has been
in excess of the revenue, until now there is a deficit of $5,hj92,ti95.
Year.
1883
1884
1885
1886 '.
1887 ,
Bevenue. Expenditure.
$10, 800, 895
10, 124, 640
11,547.095
0, 876, 845
10. 070, 510
$11,650,305
11,900.905
12,274,040
11, 171, 976
10,725,675
The Government proposes to provide for this deficiency by issuing treasury bills
for the amount, bearing interest at the rate of 4^ P^r cent, per annum ; $135,000
worth of these bills have already been issued at a satisfactory rate. The public debt
of the colony, including the amount of the deficit, now totals $101,685,395, which
averages $305 per head of the population. The interest on this, which varies in rate
from 4 to 6 per cent., is $4,'236,790 per annum. Thus nearly one -fifth of the yearly
revenue of the colony goes to pay the interest on the public debt, but as most of the
principal has been expended on reproductive works, such as railways, jetties, reser-
voirs, wharves, etc., it can only be looked upon in the light of a good investment,
'which will in course of time be the backbone of the colony.
TBLEQRAPH, TBLEPUONB, AND POSTAL.
The total length of telegraph lines in the colony is 5,485^ miles, which is an in-
crease of only 81 miles over the previous year; length of wires in use, 11,008^ ; num-
ber of intercolonial telegrams sent. 703,575 ; receipts from same, $211,925 ; telegrams
international, 53,788; gross value of same, $1,380,400; proportion due to South Aus-
tralia, $162,250; total revenue of department, $974,975; total expenditure of depart-
ment, $893,080 ; excess of revenue over expe/iditure, $440,180.
Since the opening of the telephone exchange in 1882 the business has increased at
a great rate. Now there are 1|100 instruments in use and 1,620 miles of wire. There
206 ' COMMERCIAL BELATI0N8.
are 6 telephone ctzchaageB, and 439 snbsoribers. In Adelaide alone there are 3G8 snb-
soriberB. The revenues from this scarce for 1887, |55,530.
The postal arrangements of the colony are very extensive and are a fair sonroe of
reveone. Last year the snm of $120, 000 was expended on the carriage of inland mails,
and 985,000 was paid for the carriage of English mails. There are 586 post-offices in
the colony, through which no less than 15,181,309 letters and post cards, 706,542
packets, and 7,376,953 newspapers were transmitted. The revenue-from this depart-
ment was |5i^,375. There are 174 money-order offices in the colony, through which
64,753 money-orders for ^55,780 were issued ; 64,207 orders were paid for $971,415.
The revenue amounted to $11,420.
In connection with this the anomalous state of things in existence aa regarde the
postal rates between here and the United States might be mentioned. Letters for
the United States via San Francisco cost 12 cents per half ounce, and via England 16
cents per half ounce. Letters f^om the States here, however, only cost 5 oeuts per
half ounce, though as a matter of practice it continually happens that doable and
treble the required amount is put on letters for this colony.
CHINBSB.
The question of the admission of Chinese into the colonies is the burning cjnestion
of the hour through all Australia. As far as this colony is concerned the influx of
Chinamen has been very small, and the whole Chinese populatipn does not exceed
350 in South Australia proper, exclusive of the Northern Territory. In none of the
colonies is the Chinese population sufficiently numerous to cause any alarm, but the
people have heard so much of their evil influences in California and other portions of
America, that they are determined by preventive measures bow to obviate the
necessity for curative legislation in the, future. Of course the greatest outcry is fix>m
the laboring classes, who fear the competition of the Chinamen in the labor market;
and as members of parliament are so largely dependent upon the-working classes for
their seats in the legislature, they find it absolutely necessary to cry down the China-
man, right or wrong, and endeavor to hide the real cause of the agitation (the com-
petition with European labor) behind the moral reason that the Chinese are not
desirable colonists. To illustrate this view the most degraded representatives of
that nation are held up as a sample of them all. The consequence is that almost the
whole land cries out, ''Exclude them."
There are really two classes of Chinamen who emigrate to these colonies, the
loafing criminal and the trader. The former class is guilty of those crimes and offenses
for which both classes are blamed. The latter are a steady, thrifty law abiding peo-
ple, whose presence in oar midst is a direct gain to the country, and whose commercial
integrity is beyond cavil. The proper course of legislation therefore shoald be not
to exclude all but a class, and in this they would have the co-operation not only of
all right-thinking colonists, but also of the Chinese Government itself. Some ex-
tracts from the report of Inspector Foelsche on the Chinese in the Northern Territory
will be found interesting, and tend to bear out this view of the subject. He estimates
the number of Chinese m the Northern Territory at 6,000. In Palmerston (the capi-
tal) the number varies from 800 to 1,300. They have in that town 39 stores, 3 car-
penter shops, 2 shoemaker shops, 3 laundries, 5 tailoring establishments, 4 eating-
nouses, 3 fishing establishments, 32 fruit and vegetable gardens. 6 gambling-honses,
7 Chinese brothels (occupied by 24 prostitutes), and there are ai)out 5,000 employed
on railway works.
The gambling-honses are attended by all classes of Chinatnen. The brothels are
o<^nd acted quietly and drunkenness among the prostitutes is unknown.
'' The Chinese engaged in the various businesses and occupations before enainerated
with few exceptions are thrifty and law-abiding, and so are a portion of the laboring
class, who came here under the auspices of the leading store-keepers, who as a rale
obtain work for them on commission ; but by far the greater number of the Chinese
population, who came here of their own accord to get a living as best they can, are of
the lowest and most nndesirable class, and give the police a great deal of troable.
They monopolize our gold fields without paying for miner's rights, and if they do not
get sufficient gold to supply their wants they steal and rob each other. A great
mauy of them are old gaol birds from China and Hong-Kong, and would Just as soon
be fed in gaol as having to work for a living themselves.''
lie further points out that the punishment by imprisonment has no terrors for the
Chinaman, and, as they are accustomed to, live on a much more meager diet than that
provided at the gaol, they have no efficient control over the majority of the lower
classes.
THB LABOR MARKET.
With the gradual decay of the depression in the colony the glut in the labor mar-
kets became daily less pronounced. At present there is a fair demand for all kinds
of labor, especially tradesmen and artisans, who can always find employment at
AUSTEALASIA 80UTU AUSTRALIA.
207
manerative rates. Domestic servants find plenty of openings for tbeir services, and
farm and station hands have no difficulty in obtaining engagements. The following
is the ruling rate of wages:
For farm servants, plowmen, (^ per week; newly-amved immigrants, $4 to|5per
week ; married couples, $5 to |6 per week; indifferent farm hands, $4 per week; boys
and youths, f2 to |2.50 per week; bullock drivefs, $4 per week ; all with board and
lodging included.
lYadesmen : Blacksmiths and bricklayers, $2 to $2.25 per day ; brick-makers, $3
to f3.25 per thousand ; cabinet-makers, $2 to $2.50 per day ; engineers and iron-
founders, |2 to |2.75 per day ; plasterers and plumbers, $2.25 to $2.50 per day ; min-
ers, $1.50 to $1.75 per day; masons, $2.50 per day; quarrymen, saddlers, and saw-
yens, $1.50, $1.75, and $*Zperday, respectively : shoeingsmiths, $1.75 per day to $2.25 ;
tanners, $2 to $2.50 per day; tinmen, $1.50 to $2.25 per day ; watch-makers, $2.50 to
$3.50 per day ; wheelwrights, $2.25 to $2.50 per day.
DomeeCic servants: Housekeepers, $2..50 to $3; cooks, $2.50 to $3.75: house-maids,
$2 to $2.50 ; laundress, $2.25 to $2.50, and general servants the same ; hotel servants,
bar-men, $4.25 to $5 : bar-maids, $2.50 to $3.75 ; cooks (men), $5 to 7.50 ; women, $3.50
to $3.75 ; boots and hostlers, $3.75 to $5: all at per week with board and lodging.
Station bands with lodging^ rations, and expenses paid to station at per year : Shep-
herds, $175 to $200; hut-keepers, $130 ; married couples, $300 ; knockabout hands, $ld5
to $225 ; bush carpenters, $325 to $350 ; men cooks, $1^ to $225, and in shearing time
$3^ to $500 ; horse-drivers, $210 ; horse-drivers, on roads, $260 ; wool pressers, $260
to $325 ; stock-riders, $260 to $325 ; sheep-drovers, $260 ; youths, $130 to $155.
BANKING STATISTICS.
The banking statistics for the December quarter, 1887, reads as follows :
Average UabiHtiu.
Kotes in clrcalation $1,943,750
Bins in dronlation 65,620
fiAlances dae to other banks 247, 075
J>ex>08it« bearinfs interest 18,691,675
DeiMMits not bearing interest 7, 563^355
Total average Uabilities 28, 561, 475
Aisett,
Coined metals $6,835,185
Balllons and ingots 37,365
Pablic securities 102,200
Land and buildings 1,981,215
Notes aud bills of other banks 143, 745
Balances due from other banks 948, 805
Other debts due to banks 42, 511, 905
Total average assets $32, 060, 210
The savings bank returns for January last show an increase of 4d8 in the number
of depositors, which brings the total number up to 58,507. The receipts from the
depositors during the month amounted to $487,920, and the repayments totaled
$546,365, which shows a balance of $58,445 in favor of repayments. Taking the
agencies apart from the Adelaide ofBce an increase is shown of deposits over with-
drawals of $43,465. "The actual decrease in Adelaide was $101,910. The large amount
withdrawn from the Adelaide branch can be accounted for by the excitement in the
mining market at that time. Since January the number of depositors has grown,
and so, also, have the amounts deposited.
\
THE JUBILEE EXHIBITION.
The lubilee of the colony was celebrated by the holding of the jubilee exhibition
at Adelaide. The idea of holding an exhibition was first mooted during the acute
stage of the depression, which we have just passed through, and the scheme had
many opponents. However, through the determi nation of Sir £. T. Smith it was
carried out by private individuals for the public benefit. The Government only paid
for the permanent buildings. It was a great success and paid for itself.
The btiilding is a fine structure, situated on Korth Terrace, from whence the
grounds slope gradually down to the Torrens Lake. The site commands a fine view
of the hills at the back of Adelaide, and was in every way eminently fitted for the
object for which it was selected. The grounds extend over an area of 18 acres, and
was moie than half covered by the main buildings and temporary annexes. The
total expenditure was $396,000, of which some $^5,000 were spent on buildings,
$50,000 on general working expenses, and $20,000 on electric lighting. For receipts
$165,000 were leceived from the Government on account of the permanent building
The money received for space was $30,000; admissions totaled $112,500^ and sundries
$9,500 ; so that it is estimated that by the time the temporary buildings were dis-
posed of all expenses would be paid.
208 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Id the matter of exhibits Great Britain was more nnmeronsly represented than any
other country, and was well represented in almost every branch of trade. AuBtria,
Belgnim, and Germany were also well represented and were fairly snccessfnl in the
matter of awan Is.
New South Wales was by far the*best represented amone the colonies. The ex-
hibits were varied and excellent and included mineral products and gems of great
value snd beauty. All the countries of Europe contributed to the excollence of the
show and Algiers, Fiji, India, Jobore, Manila, The Seychelles, and North Borneo were
represented by interesting exhibits. To a citizen of the United States it was not a
flattering thing to see his country so poorly represented at an exhibition which would
have afforded so many opportunities for opening up a trade^ which it could easily ob-
tain, but is left without an effort to restrain it, to flow into other channels from
which iu years to come it will be difficult to divert it The only exhibit from the
United States that attracted any ^at amount of attention was a centrifugal amalga-
mator for saving gold from pulverized quartz. It was generally considered a first-class
machine, and was fat superior to anything else of the kind exhibited. This is the
class of thing which considering the growing importance of gold mining in the colony
a great trade might be made between here and the States, but unless the business is
pushed the trade will go to the other colonies or to England. The following is the
number of awards issued to the various count lies represented : Austria and Hungary,
94; Belgium, 109; British North Borneo, 2 ; Denmark, 2; France, 19 ; Germany, 115;
Holland, 2; Italy, 3; New South Wales, 427 ; Victorin, 516 : South Australia. 1.015;
Seychelles, 4 ; Sweeden 4 ; Switzerland 1 ; United States 90 ; Ureat Britain and Ireland,
995 ; Algiers 1 ; Canada, 10 ; Fiji, 5 ; India, 3 ; Johore, 3 ; Manila, 1 ; New Zealand, 10;
Queensland) 4 ; Tasmania, 13 ; Singapore, 1.
The attendance at the exhibition numbered 789,672, an average of aboot 3,700 per
day. In proportion to oar population the show was more numerously attended than
either of those in Melbourne or Sydney. The proportions were Sydney (1879) 158.934
per cent., Melbourne (1U80) 154.262 per cent.^ Adelaide (1887) 254.816 per oent. Tak-
ing it altogether the exhibition was a most gratifying success and in no small measure
tended to give that impetus to the trade of the colony which it so much needed after
the troublesome times it had gone through. It was the first step around the oomer
and it was speedily followed by the discovery of the alluvial gold diggings at Tee-
tulpa; then followed the discovery of the Barrier silver mines, then a bountiful har-
vest and finally the revival in the price of copl^er, so that now the colony stands in
a position of greater prosperity than it has at auy time since its foundation fifty years
ago.
If the colony is able to stand five such disastrous years as those from 1683 to 1887
it must have great resources, and surely in the prosperous times that are now upon
us, we may exnect to make rapid strides in overtaking the other colonies in the on-
ward march of progress, population, wealth, and civilization.
Chas. a. Murpht,
Contular AgtnU
United States Consular Aobnct,
Adelaide OoUAm 29, 1888.
EUROPE.
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.
PRA.GtJB.
REPORT BY CONSUL JONAB.
In the ^tbering and publication uf statistics of trade, oommerce, and general eoon-
omy, a stranee backwardness and paucity prevails in this country. It is a matter of
mach difficulty to collect fresh and recent material so as to present even a very super-
ficial and tolerably correct view of the movements of trade and the general condition
of bosinese.
EXPORT AND IMPORT TRADE.
As to the export and impart trade of Bohemia, it may safely be said that no sta-
tistics are known or published, beyond the statements made by this consulate and the
United States commercial agency at Kichenber^. All reports concerning foreign
trade are merged in the general commercial statistics of the Austrian empire, and
whatever may be of any generafl interest in that regard is fully and ably laid before
the Department of State in the commercial reports of the United States consulate-
general in Vienna.
The declared exports from the consular district of Prague to the United States in
the year itiSU were $3,091,044.81 in value, as against $2,450,418.47 during the preced-
ing year, showing an increase of |640,626.34.
The leading articles of export were the same as those enumer&t-ed in my report on
the commercial relations in 1887, with one addition, namely, raw sugar. Of this
article only an amount worth |35,816.66 was shipped from this district to the United
States in 1887, whereas last year it rose to $403,292.94, thus accounting for more than
one-half of the total increase of exports. Besides raw sugar, there was a large in-
crease in the shipment of leather gloves, which rose from ^121,660.97 in 1887 to
9206,644.21 last year ; then a moderate increase in the export of buttons, glassware,
cfainaware, linen, and cotton goods^ wood pulp, beer, and a few other articles.
Silks and velvets show a marked decline; «the same is true of hops, whereas malt ap-
jiears for the first time in the list of Bohemian exports to America. Carlsbad sprudel
salt, a Bohemian specialty, is shipped to the United States in increasing quantities.
In relation to the importation of American goods into Bohemia, there has been no
change of any note since my last report on the commercial relations, with the excep-
tion of an unmistakable decline in the quantity of genuine American petroleum
brought to this market. The correspondence wliich has recently taken place be-
tween this consulate and diflferent American hardware firms or their agents tends to
show that the eflforts made to introduce American hardware into Austria have so far
not met with the desired success. However, one of the leading American agencies in
Hamburg says: ''We have had more encouragement from our connections m Prague
than almost anywhere else in Austria. We have sold agricultural implements in
Prague in good quantities.''
Attempts to introduce some new American Inventions in the hardware line in this
market are now in progress. A New York company is also endeavoring to introduce
the self-acting shade roller. One of the ^reat railroad lines and the leading tramway
company in this country are Just giving it a trial," and large orders are expected from
them.
CONDITION OV TRADE.
The signs of oontinued peace in Europe multiplied during 1888, and Bohemia seems
to have reaped the full benefit of the good effects thereof on trade in general. A few
comparative quotations of ordinary railroad and bank shares will tend to show that
the past year was a prosperous period in the business affairs of this country.
10611 0 B 14 209
210
COMMEBCbLL BELATIONS.
Stock quotation;
Btooks.
•
Cloainc qnotaftioo
1887.
188&
BohomlftD 17^ortb6Tii .......
SAILBOAD ROCK.
105.00
SU.00
153.00
18.00
54.00
144.00
149L25
9175
800.00
48.00
94.00
284.50
191.00
BaAhtiOnrfed . ■, T-...T^'r--.,r*l..-...'rT'r-r.-r.^*-.....r-
81100
Blbe Virflev -
19&00
Pra|tfi*-Pttx
.....-.-..-....-..-..«....--..-... ...
37.25
PmiEae-lJux (orefdrred) ...-
111 SO
Pardnbltz
18100
ITorth western ....r -
ie7.50
Bohemifta TTnion
BAMK 8T00K.
lOtSO
Bohemian Rflcompte »
85B.O0
Si;ivpo<^tf>ni^A Bftiikft
€0.00
Anglo Bank (branch;
116. »
Cr«3flt'An»taU (branch)
80R.W
The receipts of the railroads of Bohemia in 1888 exceeded those of the preceding
year by Dearly two million florins.
The Bohemian Savings Bank of Prague, the leading savings institution of the
conn try, had a surplus of 2,200,000 florins, and its reserve fund has reached the
euornmus sum of 17,000,000 florins.
Among the^ndustrial stock companies, the shares of the Prague Iron Industry
Company, show a phenomenal rise during the past year from 202.50 to 302.50 — almost
50 per cent. This company paid a dividend of 6i per cent, for the fiscal year ending
June 30, 1888. During the remaining six months of 1888, the company produced and
sold 600,000 meter centners of manufactured goods, or about 100,000 more than in the
corresponding pefiod of 1887 (the meter centner being equal to 221| pounds). The
production of hard Coal from the mines of Kladno and Nyrshan, owned by the com-
pany, reached in the same period 3,500,000^meter centners, 150,000 more than in the
previous year. The outlook is good for a continuance of this prosperity, and the
company will most likely be able to declare a dividend of 9 or 10 per cent, for the onr-
tent fiscal year.
AORICULTUBB.
The results of Bohemian agricultnre in the post year verein spite of the cool and
somewhat rainy seaKon highly satisfactory. The crop of wheat, rye, barley, oats, and
sugar-beet wa« considerably larger than the average of the previous ten years; the
wheat crop was 19 per cent., the crop of barley 34.5 per cent, higher. The quantity
of sugar-beet raised last year was 27,400,460 meter centners, worth at least 27,000,000
florins delivered at the sugar mills.
The export of beet-root sugar frdtn the Austrian empire in 1888 reached 1,406,000
metrical centners, of which about three«fifths came from Bohemia. There has been
a considerable decline of the shipments of Bohemian sugar to the East via Trieste
since 1886. This decline the exporters charge to French competition, which is said
to enjov the advantage of much lower ocean freights. The new contract recently
concluoed between the government of this empire and the Austrian Lloyd Steam-ship
Company in Trieste, according to the views of Bohemian business men, has not se-
cured to the Austrian export business any relief from the disadvantages nnder which
it is said to labor.
Charles Jonas,
CommiL
United States Consulate,
Frague, February 12, 1880.
^
EUBOPE — ^JlOSTRL&l-HimOABT.
2X1
Declared exporie heiHiee» the connHar distrioi of Prague a%d ike United 8tate» far the
year ending Deeemher 31, 1888.
Axtloka.
Baekets amd basket ware.
Bed-feathen
Beet-root SQgar
Black lead
Bookn ,
Bottone
Carlsbad spnide: aalt
Carriages
doth and woolen goods —
CuUezy
Drugs and ehemioals. .:....
Stti broideries
Fancy goods
S^nito, dried
Tnmiture
Glaasware
Otoves
Gold and garnet jeweliy . . .
Hair, human
Hare's hair.
Herbs and roots, medicinal.
Hops
Leaf-metal
Lentils :.....".
Linen and cotton goods
Halt
Metal floods
liinerM .water
Ifirror-glaas
SCnsicarinstnunents
Paper goods
Porceuduand pottery
Skins and leather
Smoker's articles
SparteiTe
Toys
YeWets
Wine and liqnors
Wooden goods
Wood pnlp i,
Wool
Sandries
Total..
Total in 1887
Increase.
Decrease
Qnartor ending—
Har.81,1888.
«7,638.58
401. «4
7,250,85
1,688.77
2,122.08
49,U8.96
88,405.80
4,410.81
1,015.45
0.750.97
2,028.51
147,038.47
20,048 89
5, 881. 88
0,007.00
488.08
18.400.21
7,831.83
879.31
8, 62& 10
11, 040. 14
3,40&82
8,567.12
83, 108. 12
6,149.94
298.90
29,653.43
922.88
472, 339. 96
623,00174
61,324.79
Jane 80, 188&
$807.73
1. 945. 57
9.085.82
284.88
40,805.00
10,683.18
2,231.06
0.040.82
1,098.08
2,202.52
150.37
250, 987. 98
40, 789. 99
19,402.07
0. 119. 78
622 12
2,961.16
1,837.32
16,140.12
12,711.02
4, 401. 28
29,444.13
8,708.88
7,00&74
136,160.08
8,464.07
8,977.97
62,718.78
11,654 13
""966*90
089,423.67
000.715.45
88,70a 22
Sept 80, 1888.
$1,888.80
874.90
9,414.77
6,^7.40
1,204.20
42,190.90
4,728.21
1.848.08
12, 976, 53
6,683.06
4.152.26
6,601.40
2,327.14
4.818.83
1. 187. 81
390,803.88
79.520.30
22,040.20
9, 099. 01
536*81
2,255.38
1,064.90
11,911.39
12,052.00
2.587.76
10,618,85
7,880.48
4,877 57
6,085.23
191,980.42
2,307.43
8,827.79
27, 015i 24
1.900.87
2,403.39
6,287.13
4, 802. 17
1,002.19
910,979.07
813,159.66
97,819.41
Dec. 81, 1888.
12,681.21
8.462.83
10, 07& 13
403,292.94
4,178.37
1,840.00
61,833.61
16.70ai6
10,986.81
2,880.67
8,749.39
472.94
10,254.18
62,044.41
846.60
184, 116. 32
60, 736. 47
6.336.97
8,420.50
37,667.77
1,035.78
11,449 46
3,471.06
6.980 74
1,416.46
903.80
4,406.00
10^366.68
6,165.20
795. 16
1, 199. 14
20.648.91
197 92
1, 194. 56
8,478.82
18, 034. 10
2,138.97
1, 018, 302. 12
612,878.62
505,423.50
Total for the
year.
$4,274.57
8,344.31
6.745.80
80,483 67
403, 202. 94
12,419.00
6. 462. 34
199,886.62
21,436.87
1.848.08
71.061.38
14,612.40
14,067.91
18,988.99
17,472.85
56,362.84
2,134.77
928,446 68
206. 644. 21
62,167.72
25,007.79
1,057.93
66.284.51
2,902.22
1.035.78
45, 832. 80
25, 433 42
13,096.25
67. 97a 86
8. 804. 93
12.950.02
25^717.09
616,606.28
16,136.64
705.10
1, 100. 14
12,004.66
129. 836. 36
2. 104 79
3, 657 95
26.320.08
22, 33a 27
5.025.00
8,091,044.81
2,460,4ia47
640,026.34
TBIliSTli.
SSPOBT BY CONSUL QILBBST.
I bare the honor to traoBmit herewith the report on oommeroe and navigation fox
the port of Trieste, for the year 18e8.
The total imports into this port during the year 1888 were as follows: By sea
176,273,142.16, by land |58.276,724.17; total, $134,549,666.33.
The total exports for toe port were as follows: 9y sea |61,378,344.84, by land
$59,684,096.84; total, $121,062,441.68.
As compared with the trade of 1887 that for 1688 shows an increase of $2,591,788.91
in imports and a decrease of $3,561,850.94 in exports.
No American vesoels arrived in this consular district during the year 1888, although
seventeen vessels arrived in this port during the year direct from the United States,
vi2, fifteen sailing vessels and two steamers. The sailing vessels represented a ton-
nage of 8,065 tons, the two steamers that of 3,181 tons. Twenty- two steamers of the
aggregate tonnage of 31,649 tons cleared for the United States. The sailing vessel
was of li{36 toils.
212
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Only 165 emiffrantB embarked during the year at this port for the United States.
The routes via Genoa and North Sea ports oner greater induoements both in regard
. to quicker passages and lower rates.
Mwommmit of all vstta/t at ikt port of jTWstte, for tike yoat 1888, aeooHUng to fag am4
Umnago,
Fl*g.
Aastrin-Hangary .
DeniDArk
France
Germany
Great Britain
Greeoe
Italy
Montenegro
Portugal
RoMia
Bamiotte
Sweden, Norway. .
Torkey
Total
Xntered.
Bteamen.
SalUng Tefseb.
2,062
2
87
218
28
266
1
8
12
18
8,600
Totu.
705^787
1,888
17.000
260,878
28,876
164^065
24
8,866
16^453
6,114
1,178,846
No,
2,678
1
2
8
122
1,800
23
2
64
4.164
Tona,
78,427
100
2.184
886
18,708
80,067
046
410
8,122
180,760
Cleared.
Steamen.
No.
2,001
2
80
220
20
2S2
2
12
10
8,478
Tons,
701,078
1,803
17.405
262,128
24,786
153,472
2,100
15.458
0,400
1,176,051
RalHiig
No.
2,000
2
8
2
127
1,870
10
8
1
2
4,203
Tons.
73,007
267
2,872
048
16,042
91,218
881
517
55
087
2,010
100,194
Navigation at the port of lYie$tef Austria, for ike gear
ending Deeember 31, 1888.
Entered.
Cleared.
Vruin or to
Steamers
Sailing vessels.
Steamers.
Sailing ▼eeaels*
▲natro-Hungarlan flag.
Anatro Hnnganan porta. . .
Alfferia.... ................
No,
2,250
220,060
No.
2,445
7
Tons.
51, 152
2,503
No.
2,242
Tons.
223,304
No.
2,471
5
Tons.
50,139
2,27D
BrasU
■ 0
10
54
8
28
47
0,150
22,273
74,445
2,724
16,700
28,668
SS 1
s
52
11,418
22,700
75,711
7,610
4,588
20,701
China
BCYDt ••..•..
8
1
80
2
2,180
860
8,843
8,775
880
5
18
..........
2.840
~aji"' ••••••• •■•••••••••««•
France ..•....•.•.•..•.....
0.581
Great Britain •
Greece. ....................
40
4.880
Jamaica ....r
India .*....
16
202
28,400
U5,107
18
200
1
2
20.200
08,702
1,240
8,085
Italy
86
1
4,000
100
44
4,757
Malta
Massaoa ....... ■■..«■....•
1
1
1
* 808
10
1,204
MoDteneffTOT..f T^T .t>-t--
ItuMia. ............. ••.....
2
1
1
88
4
799
470
03
4,085
2,880
2
2
1
280
1,881
1,080
444
100,478
Spain
Tanis..........
i'
27
68
Turkey
226
100,080
4.005
United Statea
Total Austrian
2,082
705,787
2,578
78,427
2.001
701,078
2,000
75.087
Danish flag!
Italy 7r.
2
287
nnit«)d States
1
100
Total Pinith -T,.... ...
1
100
2
067
French flag :
A nfftro-Hnnffarian iwrts ^ . r
1
1
1,114
079
Franoe.T.. .....*.........
Gr«at Britain
2
1,803
Total French
2
1,803
2
1,898
British flag:
Anstro-Hongarian pcrts. . .
Aleeria.. ...... ...........
7
2
1
1
12,772
1,378
1,106
1,030
8
8,081
i"
490
•**■■{»'" "^ ...... ...... ...« •••
Beliriam .....a.............
Brazil -
1
239
■m
BlTTDt .....................
8
80
8,003
29,478
~ajF" ••••••....»■•..•....•
France
a ■••••••••
I
EUROPE — AUSTBIA-HUNOABT.
213
2^avigaU(m at ikepwrt of TiiuU, etc — Continned.
'WtomorUh^
- T
Bntered.
Clewed.
Steamers.
Sailing Tcssels.
Steamers.
Sailing Teasels.
Britiflli iUe— GoBtinned.
Omat Britain
121
154,874
1
148
01
2
\r
17
5
1
15
17
0
21
118.882
1,228
1,615
20,055
1,240
1,218
18,040
4.671
8,805
30,833
«
fimuM..... ...... ..........
India
15
86
20
^104
3^276
4.726
Italy
KaKa
1
140
ltiimiA............--rT*--F
13
11,087
' TiiDoli
Tnrkav...... ..............
tTnitea States
2
8,181
1
400
Total Britiah
218
250,678
8
' 887
220
252.128
2
048
GtonnaaflafF:
Anatro-Himgarian porti ..
4
1
^186
714
1
1,280
1
848
Brasil -
1
238
^Cff VDu ....*..«............«
2
2,041
5
1
4,871
868
^Hjyw .....................
rnnoo ............ .....r.'
Onece .......... ..........
1
808
Hamhnnr ,,,,,.,,.. ,-,
11
10
7,510
4,680
10
18
1
8,866
2,888
1,816
S5 It?:.;..;......:::.:..
United States
1
888
1
1,286
Toital Oennan. ..........
87
17,080
2
2.134
86
17,465
8
2,372
Qredanflaff:
7
1
1
66
18
860
280
400
5,480
4,035
2
848
Alfferia.....1 .'.
Q-teeee. •.........••••••■.• •
1
826
72
7
8,180
2,466
Italy
""i
1
787
104
Malta
2
64
Itonmania
1
2
81
488
1,701
1
27
787
28,753
25
1
22,014
881
Turkey
44
3,075
Total Grecian
28
23,876
122
18,708
7»
27,766
127
15.042
ItaUaaflag;
Anatro-Hnngarian porta. . .
Algeria.... rTT......
2
566
160
5
6,600
0,886
8
1,218
184
2
1
2.008
570
Argentine .................
473
Fmvil
4
6,463
Sim>t .....................
1
3
267
757
1
1
1
188
408
4,1«7
1,288
288
100.480
1
11
417
«Kj frw .....................
Fninef^
63
48,835
8,867
Great BxltiUn
Greece.....................
2
140
1
566
52,770
283
18
1
8
2,783
72,643
217
223
833
7
1,216
4
1,178
80,610
Italy
Kalta
615
RoMia
8
621
42.662
2.324
Turkey
'■■52'
1
45,037
245
Tania
8
472
United States
8
4,168
Total Italian
255
154,665
1,368
3
2
1
17
80.067
252
158,472
1.370
81,218
Montenegrin flag :
824
78
85
500
2
1
1
15
70
Italy ^...
•
270
MontMiegro
84
Turkey ,
1
24
457
Total Montenegro
1
24
28
046
10
831
Portngneae flag:
Brasil.. .T:T
» 2
2,313
France
2
2,106
Great Britain
1
1«058
Total Portuguese
8
3,366
2
2,106
Bossian flag:
Greece
2
410
1
210
Roasia
12
15,453
12
16,458
Turkey
2
807
Total Rnsflian , .
12
15,458
2
410
12
15.458
3
517
214
COMBffERCIAL RELATIONS.
Navigation at the part of THeste, 0<o.— Continnad.
ftouk or to^
^ —
Entered.
•
Cleared.
Steamera.
SaOlncTeaMla.
Steamers.
SaHlBgTeaaela.
SMolotto iUff :
Turkey ••
1
66
Swedish and Korwegiui flftg:
BtmU
4.
1
828
KrMir<e,
1
2
8
U
1
1
840
578
1,151
8,655
886
286
814
Gibraltar
Greece
2
12
720
8,861
Italy
Spufn
•.*■•.
Turkey
Sweden. ITorwav....... i...
4
1.883
Total Swedish
18
6,114
18
8^400
1
887
Tarkieh flas:
Aastro-Hancarian i>orta ...
4
8
8
48
.158
645
406
1.813
2
10
8
44
83
Greece «..
•••««« •
881
Italy
208
Turkey.....................
L867
Total Turkish
64
8.122
60
^810
SECAPITULATION.
Xlag.
AnstriA-Hungary . . . .
Denmark
Ftanoe
Germany
Great Britain
Greece
Italy
Montenegro
"PoTtngaX
Russia
Saniiotte
Sweden and Norway.
Turkey
Total
Sntered.
Steamers.
No,
^082
2
87
218
28
255
1
3
12
18
8.606
Tot%9,
705,787
1.883
17,090
250,678
23.876
154,665
24
8,886
15,458
6,114
1,178,946
Sailing resaels.
No,
2,578
1
2
8
122
1,369
23
64
4,164
IV>fU.
2,134
886
18,708
88,867
946
410
8,122
188,760
T«taL
No.
5,510
1
2
89
221
150
1,624
24
8
34
18
64
7,870
2\Mt.
784,214
160
1,883
18.224
851,564
87,584
244,632
O70
8.336
lSy863
8,U4
8.122
1,808^706
Flag.
Austria-Hungary. ...
Denmark
France ,
Genrsny
Great Britain
Greece
Italy
Montenegro
Portugal
Russia
Ssmiotte
Sweden and Korway.
Turkey
Total
Cleared.
Steamers.
No.
2,001
2
36
220
29
262
2
12
19
3,473
Tont.
701,978
1.893
17,465
252,123
24,766
153. 472
2,106
15.453
6,400
1,175,651
Sailing
No.
2,606
2
8
2
127
1,379
19
8
1
2
68
2Vmff.
75,697
267
2,872
648
15,042
91,216
881
517
55
637
2,910
Too, 194
TotaL
No.
6,607
2
2
89
222
166
1,681
19
2
15
1
31
69
7,078
Tona.
777,870
267
1.898,
18,887
288.771
89.808
944,600
831
2.106
15,870
56
7,837
2,910
1,886,846
EUBOPE — ^AUSTEIA-HUNaABT.
215
AHMtro- fftingarlan mercanWe marine for the decode eniting 1888.
Sidllns TeflMlB
1879
18t0
Ittl
1882
1883
1894
18ffi
1888
1887
Stemn-TeMiriB:
1879
1880
1881
1883
1883
1884
ins
ISM
1887
1888
Gr.'uil total:
J879
1880
1881 r
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
Oeean Teaaela.
No
477
4ei
438
412
389
370
332
282
210
72
75
70
74
61
66
68
649
536
508
486
455
482
383
364
830
285
Tout.
223,967
221.863
214. 127
202,951
197,166
195,212
180.066
164. 014
142,023
118.916
58.604
62,101
62,387
72,365
67,562
67,412
69,452
77,463
80.203
80.286
282,571
283,464
276, 514
275.316
264, ri8
262,624
250.418
241.477
222, 226
199,202
Crew.
4,741
4,614
4.368
4.098
3,911
3,638
3,882
8.038
2,643
2,193
2.237
2,341
2,208
2,350
2,204
2.056
2,016
2,202
2.268
2,270
6,978
6.955
6,571
6^448
6,116
5,694
5,398
^240
4.910
4,463
Hone
poweir.
16^000
10^655
16.145
17,385
16.966
16,585
16.785
18,875
18,949
19,049
16,000
16,665
16.145
17.385
16,965
16,536
16,785
18, 375
18,949
19,049
HeditorraDean— Black Sea.
No.
58
65
62
66
63
62
58
67
68
63
4
6
11
19
28
34
84
84
84
29
62
70
73
85
90
96
92
91
92
82
Tons.
Grew.
6^783
6.865
6,674
6.627
6,288
6^738
6.626
7.483
8,081
7,690
360
642
3,368
6,068
9,218
11.984
12, 719
12,628
12,872
11,249
^,143
7,507
10.042
12.605
15,456
18.722
19.345
20.111
20,953
18,839
319
313
296
809
292
296
287
296
310
284
87
56
187
318
505
618
624
612
598
528
356
869
483
627
797
914
911
918
908
812
Hone
power.
250
330
1,440
2.420
4.090
5,140
5,265
5,205
5.405
4,355
250
380
1,140
2,420
4,090
M40
6^265
5,205
5,405
4,855
Adriatic Sea.
No.
1,806
1,759
1,755
1,769
1,786
1,746
1,662
1,695
1,678
1,641
28
33
81
88
40
43
48
64
67
66
1.834
1.792
1,786
1,786
1,T76
1,788
1,710
1,749
1,730
1,706
Tons.
' 26,749
24,660
24,396
23,769
23,594
23,786
23.449
24,078
24,049
23,732
1,817
1,227
1,104
1,182
1,499
1,522
1,772
2,206
2.4:>6
3,836
27.066
25.886
25.500
26,951
25,098
26,267
26^221
26.278
26.484
26,668
Cmw.
4^266
4,926
4,662
4,682
4,584
4.686
4,409
4^474
4 406
4,808
180
189
168
173
209
220
251
287
310
848
6,446
5,115
4,830
4,805
4,793
4,806
4.660
4,761
4,716
4,661
Hone
power.
740
880
789
752
1,917
996
1,185
1.886
1.660
1,932
740
880
739
752
1,017
996
1,135
1,886
1,660
1,932
SallfDs yeeaelfl :
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
Strnra-TeMela:
1879
1880....:....
18H1
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
Grand totals
1879
1880
l«l
1882
18K3
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
Fishiog boata.
No.
2.000
2, 052
2,111
2,218
2,203
2,494
2,249
2.526
2,539
2,520
2,000
2,052
2,111
2, 218
2,293
2.494
2,249
2,526
2,639
2,520
ToiiB.
5,686
5,765
5,855
6,137
6.442
6,838
6.789
6,347
6,366
6,262
7.309
7.448
7,575
8,173
8,530
9.207
8.799
9,716
9,778
9,612
6,686
6.765
6,856
6,137
6.442
6.838
5,789
6^347
6=366
6,262
Crew.
3,781
3,742
3,928
4,182
4,560
4.396
4,924
5,006
5.037
5,299
7,309
7,448
7.675
8,173
8.530
9.207
8,790
9.716
9,778
9,612
Lightort, etc.
No.
3,781
3,742
3,928
4,182
4,560
4,306
4,924
5.006
5,037
5,299
Tone.
Crew.
9,206
8,826
8,018
9,126
9,683
11.017
11,214
11.193
11.238
13, 770
7,337
7.441
7.T28
8,107
8.736
8,632
9,061
9,304
9,275
9,691
9,206
B,826
8.918
9,126
9,683
11, 017
11,214
11,193
11.238
13, 770
Total.
No.
7,337
7,441
7.728
8,107
8,736
8, 632
9.061
9,304
9,275
9,691
8,122
8,079
8.294
8.630
9,040
0.068
9,225
9,583
9.569
9.721^
104
113
112
126
134
138
143
153
159
163
8,226
8,192
8,406
8,756
9.174
9,206
9,386
9.736
9,728
9,892
Tona.
Crew.
270, 891
2o7.468
259. 970
248. 610
243,123
243,540
228,044
213, 110
191, 757
170, 270
60,281
68,971
66.859
79,615
78,279
80,918
83,943
92.296
96,510
94,871
330,672
331. 438
326,829
328.225
321, 402
324,558
311,987
305,406
287,267
264,641
24,972
24,742
24.629
25.319
26,053
26,859
25.938
26.828
26.410
26,083
2.454
2.586
2.558
2,841
2.918
2,894
2,891
8,111
8.176
8.146
HOTM
power.
16,990
17,866
; 18.324
! 20,567
; 22,072
I 22.670
; 23, 175
I 24,965
! 26,004
25,336
27,426
27, 328
27,187
28.160
28,971
■29. 253
!28 829
29.939
29.586
29.229
16,990
1 17,866
i 18,324
i 20,557
22,072
^ 22,b70
, 23,176
: 24,966
. 26,004
! 26,386
Umitxd States Consulate,
Trieite, Jul^ 5, 1889.
HsNBT N. Gilbert,
Contuh
216 COMMERCIAL RKLATI0K8.
BELGIUM.
SXPOBT BT CONSUL hTEWART, OF ANTWERP.
COBOfBBCB OF BSLOIUM.
The general commereial moyementof Belginm with foreign coontriee, importstions
and ezportations oombined, daring the year 1887,. amounted to 5,621,900,000 franca,
beinff an increase oTer the preceding year of 447,100,000 francs, or 9 per omic.
TiMcen oeparately, the importations for consnmption and direct transit aggregated
2,906,600,000 francs, an increase of 243,900,000 JHincs, or 9 per cent, over the preced-
ing year, and the exportations, Belgian and foreign goods combined, amoanted to
2,715,300,000 fhincs, an increase over 1886 of 203,200,000 francs, or 8 per cent.
Ae special commerce of Belgium, that is, the importations of merchandise, for
consumption in Belgium, and the exportations of merchandise, the product of Belgian
soil or Belgian industry, aggregated in value 2,67*2,500,000 francs in 1887, being an
increase over the preceding year of 155,500,000 francs, or 6 per cent.
Of above amount, 1,431,900,000 francs were importations and 1,240.600,000 francs
exportations, being an increase over 1886 of respectively 96,900,000 uanos, or 7 per
cent., and 58,600,000 francs, or 5 per cent.
For the special commerce the exchanges with the countries of Europe represent
81.4 per cent., and those with America, Africa, and Asia the remainder 18.6 percent.,
as against 80.9 and 19.1 per cent., respectively, in 1886.
MODX OF TRANSPORT.
The total transportations of merchandise by sea, in 1887, were 294,500,000 francs or
14 per cent, in excess of those of the preceding year.
The imports and exports considered separately, there was an increase of 82,400,000
francs, or 7 per cent., in the former, and one of 212,100,000 francs, or 22 per cent., in
the latter.
In the total transportations by land and rivers there also was an iucreaae over 1886
of 152,600,000 francs, or 5 per cent.
The importations and exportations being taken separately, there wan an increase in
the former of 161,500,000 francs, or 11 per cent., while in the latter tLere was a de-
crease of 8,900,000 francs^ or 1 per cent.
The proportional part m the transportation by sea of the general commercial move-
ment was 43.3 per cent., and that of the transportation by land and rivers 56.7 per
cent. In 1886 the respective parts were 41.4 and 58.6 per cent., showing that the
proportion in the transportation by sea has increased by 1.9 per cent., and that in
the transportation by land and rivers has consequently so much diminished.
There has been a steady increase from year to year in favor of the transportation
by sea. In 1877 the proportion was 35.9 per cent, by sea and 64.1 per cent, by land
and rivers.
Table A gives the special commerce of Belgium with all countries in alphabetical
order, showing the amount and proportion with each.
TRADE WITH THE UmXKD STATES^
The accompanying Table B shows the commercial movement between Bel^nm and
the United States, ^ving the quantities and values of the different articles imported
and exported during the years 1886 and 1887.
It is seen that the total importations from the United States have increased from
160,400,000 francs in 1886 to 164,900,000 francs in 1887--4, 500,000 francs or 3 per cent.
This increase was principally in the following articles :
Drugs were imported to the value of 4,687,000 francs in 1887, while the year pre-
ceding only to the amount of 54,000 francs were received.
Grain of all kinds,— The increase for 1887 was 39,549 tons o)r 3,625,000 francs in
value, or 5^ per cent.
Flour f hran, and meal had an increase of 7,126 tons, or of 2,850,000 francs in valne,
50 percent.
Bo$in and bitumen, — The importations have increased by 6,852 tons, and in value by
1,850,000 francs, or 72 per cent.
Vegetable oile, not alimentary, had an increase of 2,351 tons, and in value of 1,^93^000
francs, nearly 100 per cent.
JRice, — Of this article, nothing came from the United States in 1886, while 2^891
tons, or to the value of 1,163,000 francs, were imported in 1887.
^
EUROPE — BELGIUM. 217
Grease. — ^Tho increase for 1887 was 1,517 tons, or 1,077,000 francs in value, nearly
II per cent.
TexiileSf raw, not apeoifled, had an Increase of 460,000 francs in valne, or oyer 250 per
cent.
* Sirup and moIoMitf had an increase of 3,034 tons, or of 353,000 francs in value, or 40
per cent.
A decrease is marked in the foUowinff articles : .
Petroleum, refined, to the extent of 49,490 tons, in valne 8,413,000 francs, or 29 per
cent.
Oil seed had a decrease of 8,950 tons, or of 2,506,000 firancs in valne, nearly 80 per
cent. *
Capper and nidkel. — The decrease in this article was ahout as. large as in the pre-
oeding one, proportionally, 575 tons, in value 1,267,000 francs.
HeMp, tow, and flax show a decrease of 939 tons, amounting in value to 823,000
francd) 97 per cent.
Minerals, ore, had a decrease of 758,000 francs, in value 86 per cent.
Coffee, one or 942 tons, or of 566,000 francs, in value 55 per cent, and vegetable sub-
stances, not specified, one of 398,000 francs, in value 28 per cent.
The table shows that the exports to the United States have increased in larger pro-
portion than the imports, having: been 49,343,000 francs in ^^87, as against 40,647,000
francs, the year preceding showing an increase for 1887 of 8,700,000 francs, or 21 per
cent.
The increase was principally in the following articles :
Glass, other ihan window, 2,798,000 francs, or II per cent.
Eags and shoddy, 7,264 tons, or 2,543,000 francs in value, the exports of the pre-
ceding year having been insignificant.
Window glass, 7,117 tons, or 1,92*^,000 francs in value, 26 per cent.
Iron, in bars and sheets, 15,744 tons, or 1,797,000 francs, tne amount exported being
nearly four times that or 1686.
Steetin bars and crude, 9,905 tons, or 838,000 francs in valne, nearly 35 per cent.
Clotkimg^ 759,000 francs in value, about 32 per cent.
Steel, worhed, 549 tons, or in value 631,000 francs, but little having been exported
in 1886.
Arms, 586,000 francs in value, or 40 per cent.
Minerals, ore, 534,000 francs in value, about 40 per cent.
Thread, 34 tons, or 345,000 francs in value, 230 per cent.
Hemp, tow, and flax, 205 tons, or 282,000 francs m value, the exports of this article
having been four times as much as in 1886.
Grease, 322 tons, or 228,000 francs in value, 18 per cent.
Sides, tanned and prepared, 55 tons, or 228,000 francs in value, over 60 i>er cent.
The a^ioles of export, where a decrease has been experienced, are principally the
following:
Sugar, raw, — ^To the amount of 5,177 tons, or in value 1,501,000 francs, over 60 per
cent.
I>rugs, — 1,281,000 francs in valne, nearly 60 per cent. also.
. Maehines and tools, — 1,076,000 francs in valne, nearly 70 per cent.
Hides, row.— 555 tons or 1,000,000 francs in value over 50 per cent.
Tissues of flax, hemp, and jute, — 802,000 francs in valne, nearly 60 per cent*
CAsmkoM.-— 415,000 francs in value, 22^ per cent.
Tieeues of wool, ^45 tons, or 409,000 francs in value, 23 per cent.
CUSTOMS DUTIES COLLEOTBP.
The duties collected npon the merchandise entered for consumption in Belgium
amounted to 28,775,262 fraUcs in 1887, as against 27,850,446 francs auringthe preced-
ing year, showing an increase for 1887 of 924,816 francs, or about 3 per cent.
COMMBRCB OF AMTWBBP.
In value the statistics place the total imports into Antwerp, for the consumption
and general transit, in 1887, at 1,221,700,000 francs against 1,121,700,000 francs the
year preceding, showing an Increase, for 1887, of 100,000,000 francs, or 9 per cent.
The exports (special commerce) are given at 465,900,000 francs, in 1887, against
433,2U0,000 francs, the year preceding, showing also an increase for 1887, of 32,700,000
francs, or at 8 per cent.
Included in the general imports is the direct transit, amounting to 278,500,000
francs, against 252,900,000 francs in 1846, showing an increase of 25,600,000 francs, or
10 {>er cent.
The transit through the custom-house, also included in the general imports, ha sin-
creaeed from 28,700,000 francs in 1886, to 38,100,000 francs in 1887, 9,400,000 francs, or
33 per cent.
218
COlOaSKCUL RELATIONS.
Considered by quantities, the imports to general oommeroe in 1887 amonnted to
3,210,820 tons, against 2,867,&&0 tons the year preceding, showing an increase, for
1«(S7, of 343,270 tons, or 12 per cent.
The differences in the principal articles of import are shown by quantity, in the
following table, alphabetically : *
lnorea»0 in imporU far 1887.
Cotton tons.. 18,082
Drags .^ do... 2,859
Dyesand colo^ do... S,996
Fish and berrinft do... 2,510
Flour, bran, meal, eto do... 18,657
Fralt do... 3,504
Qrainof all kinds do... 208,10?
Grease do... 1,802
Hemp, tow, Jnte, and flax do... 2,720
Maobines do... 5^551
Mitals:
Iron —
In bars and sheets tons.. 25,886
Pig * do... 24,881
Iron--<!?ontinlaed.
Lead, an worked tons.. 5,961
Steel do... a7S6
Oilseed do... 3.886
Kags and shoddj do... 3,626
Rloe do... 13,148
Rosin and bitumen do... 20,885
Saltt
B^-flned do... 3,888
Salpbar do... 1S,M9
Strap and molasses do... 2,084
Wine do... 1,690
Wood, bnilding do... 67,489
*
Deereaw in imparU for 1887.
Beer.
.tons..
Brandy and llqaors do...
Coal do...
Copper and nickel do...
Manure do...
Metals :
Iron —
Old
297 I Iron— Continued.
1.079
10,394
497
82,707
.do... 3,781
Worked tons.. 8,302
Petrolenro do.. 58,127
Potatoes and vegetables do . . . 672
Sugar, refined :....do... 5,8S4
Thread, cotton do... 1,544
Wood, cabinet. ..k do... 485
The total qnantities of merchandise exported in 1887 (to special commerce) aggre-
gated 1,365,413 tons, as against 1,273,755 tons the year preceding, showing an increase
for 18d7 of 91,658 tons.
The differences, in the principal articles of export, are shown by quantity, in the fol-
lowing table, alphabetically :
lnorea»0 in expwrUfor 1887.
Candles tons.
Cars,borse and railway do..
Coal and coke do..
Brags do..
Dyes and colors do .
Floor, bran, and meal do..
Forage do..
Glasu):
Glassware, ordinary and superior. do. .
Window..., do..
Grease do..
Homp, tow, and flax do..
Macbines and tools do..
Manure do..
Meat do..
Metals:
Copper and nickel-
Bars and sbeets do..
Crude do..
Iron, bars, and sheets do..
600
4.056
48.886
2. '878
4,648
11,560
249
1,479
13,552
1,806
925
361
1,122
1,075
210
408
38,180
Metala— Continued. ^
Lead, unworked .' tons.. 3,810.
Steel, crude ...................... do... 6, 100
Zinc, unworked do... 539
Oils, vegetables, not alimentary do . . . 1, 061
Oil,oake do... 339
Ore do... 10,782
Pottery, common do... 380
Rags and sboddy do... 7,256
Rosin and bitumen do... 297
Seed:
Oil do... 8,982
Other do... 8,069
Starch do... 402
Sugar:
Raw do... 1,278
Refined do... 6,070
Tissues, cotton w .....:. do... 1,190
Vegetables ....do... 473
Wood, building « do... 1,242
Decrease in txporte far 1887.
Baric, tsnners' tons.. 737
Brandy and liifuors do... 1,958
Fruit, of all kmd do
Grain do...
Hides, raw. A .do...
Lime do...
Machines .....do.^.
Metals :
Iron-
Old do...
Pig do...
Worked do...
880
4.466
2,385
4,418
1,704
20,384
11.776
2,763
Metals— Continued.
Steel-
Bars, sheet, and wire do... 772
Worked —.do... 904
Petroleum do... 10,264
Potatoes do... 784
Rice do... 2.662
Stones, crude and sawn do... 27,146
Sulphur do... 748
Thread, of flax and other vegetables . do . . . 291
EUBOPE — BELQIXnC.
219
The totftl general transit, in 1887, a^grefrated 388, B46 tons, of which quantities
349,108 tons were by direot transit, and §9,738 tons through the onstom-boiise.
. As compared with the preceding year, there was an increase for 1887, in the general
tninsit of 59,986 tons, or 18 per cent, one of 61.585 tons or 21 per cent, in the direct
transit, hat a decrease in the transit through the onstom house of 1,599 tons, or 4 per
cent.
Table C has been oomjpiled irom the records of the consnlate and shows the yalue,
in United States gold of the exports, from the consular district of Antwerp; to the
United States, daring the years 1886 and 1887.
The increase, for 1887, was $370,604.52 or over 20 per cent.
A.—Spwial oammei'oe of Belgium with all c&untriet.
From or to—
Imports.
yalae»188G.
Al^ri«» Morooo, Tnniais And Zanti*
Mff
ArgeDtiae Republic
AoatraliA snd New Ooiana
AoftUi* %
Bnzii
British FoosMwioiis in America
Balgaria
C«pe of Otiod Hope and ManritioB
iBlands .-.
Chili
China
Colomtda
Congo *....
CoetaRica
Cuba and Porto Rico
Denmark :
S'^P*-.-
SnjsUnd
Fnmce
Ckrmaoy:
Bremen...
German Commercial Associa-
tion
Hambarfc
OibxBltar and Malta
Greece
Guatemala
Havtl and Yenesnela...
Holland
India:
British
Dutch
Frencli ..........................
Italy
Japan :
liartiniqne Islands
Mexico
Panama
Persia
Pern
Philippine Islands
PortQjEal f
Ronmania
Bassia
Serbia
Singapore......
Spain
Sweden and Norway
SwitKcrland
Turkey and Arehipel
TToitedSUtee
Umenay
Var&na
Total
Franei.
3, 129. 000
50,061.000
878,000
91^000
21,346,000
3,060.000
1,565,000
2, 818. 000
4.864,000
1,634,000
031,000
3, 452. QUO
1.182,000
172, .'r24, 0( 0
251,031,000
411. 000
146,101,000
5, 424, OUO
1,«)00
3, 100, OUO
1.000
83:i, UOU
190,8(1,000
68,836.000
700,000
15, 433, 000
2,000
622, 000
4.000
29, 840. 000
14,000
1, 6^.000
31,.'{(>8,0<JO
74, 22:>, 000
70, 000
7. 427, 000
37. on. 000
2.653,000
1, 832, 000
160, 395, 000
17, 574, 000
4,000
1,^35,049,000
Yalne, 1887.
Franei.
8,184,000
68.805.000
7,312,060
1, 877. COO
34,544,000
2,264,000
1. 407, OCO
1.298,000
4, 700; 000
410,000
20,000
1,502.000
227,000
2,016,00.
2, 703, 000
187, 791, 000
282, 800, UOO
912, 000
148,832,000
7,604,000
148, 000
4, 857. 000
940,000
198,736.000
47,496,000
2, 005, 000
19, 187, 000
166,000
639,000
20, 340. 000
13. 000
2, 62H. 000
48, 354, UOO
95, 868, 000
7,000
103,000
9, 2»9, 000
45, 273, 000
2, 708, 000
1, 957, 000
164. 878, 000
16,235,000
2,000
1,431,933,000
Exports.
Value, 1886.
Franet.
887,000
14, 910. 000
5, 535. 000
3,015,000
11,756,000
2. 619. 000
366.000
43.000
2, 133, OUO
7, 212. OtO
5, 643. 000
841. 000
2,000
2.989,000
6,268,009
2,813,000
236, 416, 000
329, 580, 000
646,000
185,176,000
10, 068, 000
205,000
2,032.000
1,000
8.000
175, 417, 000
4. 177. 000
73,000
64.000.
34,064,000
1. 132. 000
2,000
206.000
7.000
853.
73.5,
7, 0«9,
6, 406,
8,666,
91,
248.
20,718,
6. fill.
29,458,
11,351,
40.647,
1/671,
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
1, 181 974, 000
Yalne, 1887.
Franci,
1,300,000
18,007.000
1.468.000
5,003.000
15, 029. 000
3,78IS000
1,808^000
862.000
4. 107. 000
6.436,000
7,344.000
1, 915, 000
5,000
8,550,000
9,430,000
6^788,000
240,425^000
836,258^000
528,000
f
197. 807. 000
U, 800, 000
188.000
4.165,000
29,000
4,000
167,754.000
8,817.000
41.000
184.000
41,686,000
1,662,000
2,000
172,000
8,000
068,000
318,000
9,081,000
5,854,000
6, 173, 000
701,000
353,000
20, 172, 000
7, 140, 000
33,638.000
13.633,000
49,843,000
1,415,000
1,240,626,000'
220
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
B. — Special commerce of Belgium with the United States during the years 1886 (aid 1887.
ArUoleB.
Animals, living :
Cattle
Hones and foals.
Arms
Batter
Cacao
Chemicals
Clothing
Coal
Coffee J
Cotton, raw
Crockery and porcelain
Drugs
Dyes and colors
Bggs
Flour, bran, and meal
Pmit
Glass:
Window
Other
Grain of all kinds
Hemp, tow, and flax
Hides:
Baw
.Tanned and prepared
Worked
Liquors, alcoholic
Machines and tools
Matter, animal, raw :
Grease
Wax
Other
Meat
Mercery and hardware
Metals:
Copper and nickel
Iron:
Bar and sheet
, Old
Pig
Worked
Steel:
In bars and crude
Worked
Tin, un worked
Zino, unworked
MinerAls, ore
Otdeots of art
Oils, vegetable, not aliment
Paper
Petroleum :
Crude
Refined
Preserves :
Honey
Others
Products for industrial purposes
Bass and shoddy
Rice
Rosin and bitumen
Seed :
Oil
Other
Starch
Sugar, raw
Sirups and molasses
Textiles, raw, not specially mentioned
Thread
Tissues :
Cotton
Flax, hemp, and Jute
Silk :.
Wool
Tobacco:
Leaf
Manufactured
Typographical products
vegetable substances not specified ...
Wine ,
Imports.
Yalne, 1880.
$43,000
60,000
10,000
124,000
86,000
Yalne, 1887.
1,850,000
7,385,000
54,000
266,000
5, 070, 000
122.000
05, 515, 000
844,000
535,000
153,000
112,000
9,005,000
23,000
375, 000
15, 551. 000
45,000
1,684^000
1,000
$17,000
60; 000
96,000
186^000
784.000
9,672,000
4,687,000
408,000
£xports.
Yalne, 1880.
7,927,000
71,000
878.000
9,000
1,707,000
15,000
29,644,000
201,000
2,000
2.360,000
8, 041. 000
424,000
79,000
662. 000
291,000
0,979,000
363,000
1,894,000
09,140,000
21,000
401,000
116,000
97,000
11,072,000
12,000
357.000
16, 641. 000
33,000
867,000
1,000
115,000
15,000
8,400,000
21, 131. 000
164,000
3,000
1,163,000
4,200,000
535.000
383,000
75,000
1,216,000
751,000
7, 140, 000
471,000
996,000
$1,452,000
Yalne, 1887.
1,847,000
2,277,000
008,000
80,000
708,000
295,000
7,480,000
2,408,000
87,000
1,911,000
663,000
17,000
16,000
1,663,000
1,280,000
897,000
872,000
132,000
642,000
-807,000
59.000
91.000
2,417.000
45.000
25,000
190.000
1,859,000
171,000
239,000
88,000
973,000
2,440,000
14,000
152,000
114,000
1.868,000
78,000
1,764,000
44,000
"'8,660
$2,088,006
1,432,000
8,090^000
783,000
14,000
2,207.000
657.000
820.000
0^402,000
6, 206; 000
8001,000
911,000
601,000
' 19,000
13.000
487,000
1,458,000
840.000
820,000
104,000
2, 439; 000
482,000
10,000
148,000
3,555,000
676.000
10,000
321,000
1,893,000
58,000
842,000
2.000
127,000
2; 816, 000
045,000
14,000
497,000
254.000
^000
230.000
1,365^000
68,000
'ii'666
Ik
EUROPE — BELGIUM.
221
B.-^Spedal commerce of Belgium with ike United States, etc. — Continaed.
ArtiolQS.
"Wood*:
Building
Cabinet
Manufactured
Varions
Wool, raw ..,
ICisoellaneoaa ...
Total
Lnpoita.
Yalne, 1886.
$1,332,000
1,000
1, 270, 000
213,000
160.395^000
Yalne, 1887.
$1,267,000
15,000
891,000
237.000
164,878,000
Szports.
Yalne, 1886.
II, 819, 000
16,000
1,887,000
40.647,000
Yalne, 1887.
$1,628,000
16,000
2,699,000
40,348,000
C. — Exports from the consular district of Antwerp to the United States during the years
1886 and 1887.
Article^
Bark
Beana ...
Book*
Cement
Chieory
Coffee.
Diamonds
Drnga
I£pK»
Flax
GlaM:
Plate
Window
Glycerine
Hair:
Animal
Human
Hides and akina
Horses
Iron
Mannfactnres of. .
LiUkostones
Meat, extract of
Paintings, oil
Paper and parchment
1886.
$7,275.16
1. 648. 52
5, 055. 38
17,754.49
1. 235. 03
6, 949. 29
52, 222. 12
18, 469. 20
46, 333. 15
12, 307. 05
9,443.99
2. 679. 07
65, 292. 69
34, 603. 36
345.09
214, 573. 46
7, 303. 12
23,968.50
83,950.72
8,683.07
246,672.82
11.554.02
88, 680. 95
1887.
$11,353.43
53,047.67
3, 631. 77
58, 099. 55
1, 252. 57
179.213.11
278, 625, 83
14, 194. 90
39, 869. 90
36, 911. 16
10, 600. o5
1,381.49
104, 680. 22
24, 257. 51
1,604.40
69. 503. 54
16, 723. 46
81,847.45
143.21&82
28, 580. 32
242. 785. 21
11, 299. 12
48, 844. 41
Ariiolea.
Potato starch
Rags
Rice
Spongea
Steel
Bars
Rails and fish-plates.
Wire rods
Sugar
Sugar of milk
Sulphur
Textile fabrica
Tobacco
Willows
Wine and gin
Wood paste
Wool
Woolen goods
Zinc. ^
Sundries
Total
Increase for 1887:
1886L
$S^66&07
2,871.65
6,012.98
637.87
5b 703. 15
62,746.27
531, 343. 57
12, 160. 06
8,025.79
10,834.83
6.271.44
7, 260. 81
2.895.00
165. 335. 60
.12.270 10
6.440.02
77, 333. 04
1, 843, 80O.;»
1887.
$24,772.81
4,661.18
8, 151. 22
8,769.15
676.88
286,886.04
222,786l84
8,480 73
.. 2,163.61
31, 804. 77
21,461.74
4,650.37
5,500.76
6. 040. 57
85,081.07
852.27
10,845.03
60,276.87
2,214,404.00
870,604.52
United States Consulate,
Antwerpj December 28, 1888.
John H. Stbwabt,
ComuL
Tablb a, —-Navigation at the port of Antwerp of American vessels for the year 1888;
Arrived.
Cleared.
Tota] movement.
From orto-
Steamers.
Sailing ves-
sels.
Steamers.
Sailing ves-
sels.
Steamers.
Sailing vea-
sels.
TotaL
America. Korth:
Atlantic coast .
Pacific coHst...
No.
3
• • • •
• • ■ •
1
4
Tong.
5,814
1, o:i8
No.
3
6
1
Tom.
5,756
7.056
50 -1
No.
4
Tom.
7,752
No.
6
1
Tom.
8,231
1.423
No.
7
Tom.
13,666
No.
0
7
1
3
Tom.
18,987
8,470
505
8,663
No.
16
7
1
4
28
Tom.
27,-658
8,470
505
AniM'ica, South ...
Europe :
3
3.663
1
8
1,038
5,601
10
13,31/
4
ToM
7,762
7,752
10
13, 317
15, 504
20
26»634
42,138
222
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Table B.-^yavigation al the part of Antwerp far the yefw endmg December 31, 188S.
From or
AfHoft:
Al^terU
BMt and East Coaat
BK.vpt
MOTOOOO
Seoeicanibia
TuoUia
Amerioa, North :
Atlantio ooaat
'' Canada
Mexican Quit
Hexioo
KovaSooti*
Vacifloooaat
Amerioai South :
Argentine Bepnblio .
BtLh
ChOi
Colon
Qiilaiui.Britiah
Peru
Tones
China
Hindoatan
Indo-Chlna
Japan
Java
Peraia and Red Sea . .
Red Boa and Zanzibar.
Siam
Snniatra
Turkey
Australia
Borope:
Anstria
BulKftrift
Denmark
England
France....^
Germany
Greece
Holland
Italy
Norway
Portugal
Rouraania
Rnasia
Spain
Sweeden
Turkey
West India Islands :
Caba
Guadeloupe
Hayti
Jamaica
Philippine Islands . . . .
Porto Rico
San Domingo
Upper River Sclieldt
New Teasels launched.
Vessels destination unknown
Total
Bntored.
BtMunera*
JTo.
2
6
106
2
16
61
75
15
96
2
1
1
10
11
1
1,222
174
343
24
610
82
108
23
249
436
189
188
5
8
1
6
2
4^047
ibnt.
18,285
2,888
6,081
286,434
2,517
83,447
105, 472
188,536
87,062
182,682
8,428
1,631
8,742
1,278
88.309
12,468
618
894,144
110.787
382,360
30,659
157, 261
77,341
45,445
12,528
821,527
472,944
132.411
88,300
4,617
2,830
026
Sailing reaaeli.
Vo.
1«8
1
12
8
10
67
14
6
1
61
84
1
11
2
2,887
2,636
3, 614, 881
8
180
81
16
76
8
85
8
40
0
4
2
86
776
Tont.
1,012
124,946
749
10,806
782
16,723
28,432
2,2-21
4,221
TotaL
JTo.
6
6
208
3
480
61.658
10.130
107
12,022
1,104
8,450
228
26,284
6,125
5,020
641
'24,054
720
11,670
050
0.212
721
4,081
1,600
600
4,471
850.080
10
128
89
6
1
61
84
1
15
107
2
8
1
28
11
4
1,402
206
860
24
614
82
178
81
240
471
107
178
6
6
1
•
4
8
42
2
i.828
18.285
3,401
6^081
411,880
8,206
44,253
782
15,723
128.004
140,757
4.221
480
61,658
10,139
107
87,063
105,604
8.428
2,785
3,743
1.276
41,7a0
12,468
8M
020,428
11^,881
887.880
80,659
157, M2
77,841
S490
248
82i;5S7
484.514
183,861
07,612
4, an
8;<|51
4,081
1.
7,
2;
8^074,880
^
EUBOPB — ^BELGIUM.
223
Tabub B,—NavigatUm at the port of Antwerp, eto, — Contmned.
V^pomoirto—
Africa:
Algeria
EMt and Bast ooMt
Eevpt •—
Ifoioooo
Senegambia
Tanuia
America, North :
Atlantio coast
Canada
Mexican Gnlf
Mexico
NovaSootia
Pacific coast
America, Sonth :
Ancentine Bepnblio
Bnuril ,
CbiU
Orion... ■•« ........*......
Ooiaoiii Britidi '. .7.
Pern
Umgnay
Yeoesuela
Asia:
China
Hindoetan
Indo-China
Japan
Java
Persia and Red Sea
Red Sea and Zanzibar....
Siam
Romatra
Tnrkey
Australia
Borope:
Austria ,
Bul^rla
I>enmftrk ....<•
England
Pmnce
Germany
Oret'oe
Holland
Italy
Korway
Portngal
Boumania
Rnssla
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
West India Islands:
Caba
Guadelonpe ^
ITayti
Jamnica
Philippine Islands
Porto Rico .'
San Dominso
Upper River Scneldt
Now vessels iannched
Vessels destination unknown
Total
Cleaied.
With cargoes.
Ko.
U
10
3
3
13
187
23
11
3
5
11
87
01
53
U
100
16
6S
1
1
1
1
8
28
3
66
1,436
202
280
54
502
62
63
35
4
53
120
117
18
16
Tont,
17, 178
10,736
500
1,617
15»004
i01,672
20,850
28^102
1,011
7,083
15,669
10,201
128.224
68,218
15,001
In ballast.
No.
168,938
80,968
96,676
1,634
972
1,009
607
3.858
46,742
1
2
57
1,948
31,767
899.257
100,943
204,589
65,703
93.533
68,332
24.809
20,777
4,570
28.810
80.321
50,800
22,070
24,435
747
1,839
9^851
8,730 2,846,276
11
864
4
18
Ibns.
7,886
'486
64
1
50
22
38
14
"i
1,103
9.049
960,549
3.395
15.601
5,307
23, lU'
141
39,907
91,335
18,043
2.415
"'Si'
1,127.861
TotaL
No.
14
10
8
8
18
103
28
12
3
5
11
37
91
63
11
Tont,
100
16
56
1
1
1
1
3
2
76
2,300
206
248
54
500
62
127
^
4
103
151
155
18
16
17,178
10,735
500
1,617
15^004
409,068
29,350
28,538
1.011
7.083
15,660
19,201
128.224
68.218
15,601
168,933
89,988
9S,676
1,634
972
1,009
607^
3.868f*
46,742
1
2
71
"i
4,833
1,048
40.816
J, 879. 806
104,338
220.190
65,703
08.840
58,332
48.010
20,018
4,570
68,717
101,656
68,843
22,070
24,486
747
1,839
11.766
"*686
3,973,638
224
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Table C— Navigation at the port of Antwerp of Bekfian veotela for tka year ending Do-
oember 31, 18B8.
From or t»—
AlHm:
Algeria
SMtCOMt
SenegambiA
TuntsUk *. ,
America, North :
Atlantic Coast
Mexican Gulf
America, South :
ArgentiDe RepobUo..
Brasil, Uruguay, etc
Colon
Urugaay and Argen-
tine Kepablio
Alia:
Tnrkey
Anatratia
Bnrope:
Austria
Denmark — ...
England.. «
Franoe
Germany
Greece
Holland
Italy
Portugal
Roninaoia
Buseia
Spain
Turkey
Upper River Scheldt —
* New veoseU launched . . .
Bntered*
Bteamera.
7
1
24
67
27
7
7
103
28
2
2
12
68
8
3
Total 427
Tont
6,195
1,052
264,977
2,468
89, 960
fcSaSUngTea'
No.
6
1
Tons.
6,648
657
726
683
43,641
12,260
6.237
5,680
26,457
19,439
1.362
2,206
15,495
46,362
1,753
2,686
400,577
8
TotaL
No.
7
1
94
8
2,600
9,805
24
68
27
7
7
108
23
2
2
12
68
3
2
435
Tont.
8,165
1,052
261,625
8,125
89,969
796
46,141
12,269
6,237
5,680
25.457
19,439
1.362
2,206
15.495
46,362
1,753
2,636
Cleued.
Withcai>
. Koea.
I
JITo.l Tont,
....(
500,882
1
11
1
20
6
8
1
89
41
7
5
86
28
45
1
12
401
1,052
681
1,402
254,961
1,052
16,315
1,178
86,440
8,496
8.982
891
26,578
20,597
6,353
4,852
20.013
24,442
InballaaL
No.
2
8
Total.
Totu.
3,078
13
83,632
1.402
3,619
467,938
2
14
86
5,154
No
2
1
1
I
92
8,687
891
i,*S52
2.174
13,861
34,797 437
1
11
1
20
6
3
1
52
41
8
6
89
28
2
59
1
12
Tons.
2.678
1,C53
6S1
1.403
260,115
1,063
16,315
1.178
35,440
8,406
3.963
891
34.265
20.597
7.244
4.853
21,365
24.442
2,174
47,493
1,402
3,619
600,733
Tabls D. — Number and carrying capacity of interior vessels arrived atiind cleared from
the port of Antwerp, with the countries of their respective departures and destinations.
From or to-
Interior of Belgium
Steamer or tug
France
Steamer or tug.
GerniAuy
Steamer or tug.
HoUaiid
Steamer or tug
Total
Arrived.
No.
19,658
4,511
2
122
150
703
1,080
883
27,115
Tons.
1,324,450
654,557
178
32,949
20,213
300, 36.)
78, 012
155,538
2,566,260
Departed.
No.
18,440
6,447
3
478
352
829
1,222
1,053
27,824
Tons.
1, 236, 523
674, 476
204
131,091
46,096
826,663
96,963
182,020
2,694^086
TotsL
No.
38,098
9.958
5
600
508
1,532
2,302
1,936
64.988
Tons.
2,660,973
1,329.033
382
164.040
66.300
627.026
174,975
337,558
5,260,296
BBUSSEIiS.
RBPOBT BY CONSUL 8LADB.
QBNBRAL COBCMERCE OF BSLOIUM.
The general resnlts of the commercial movement of Belgium with foreign countries
during 1887 were superior to those of the preceding year.
The general importations and exportations together amounted to $1,065,026,700, an
increase of $86,290,300, or 9 per cent, as compared with 1886. The total importations
amounted to $560,973,800, an increase of $47,072,700, or 9 per cent over 1886. The
total exportations amounted to $524,052,900, an increase of $39,217,600, or 8 per cent,
as compared with 1886.
EUBOFE — BELGIUM.
225
The foreign prodnots receiyed in Belginm for home consnmption added to the pro-
ducts of Belgian soil and Indnstries sent to foreign countries amounted in 1667 to
$515,792,500, an increase of $30,011,500, or 6 per cent, over 1686* The total value of
foreign merchandise consumed in Belgium in 1867 amounted to (!S76, 356,700, whilst
in I6d6 it only amounted to |257,6o5,000, an increase of $16,701,700, or 7 per cent. The
total value of Belgian products exported amounted to $239,435,800, an inerease of
$11,309,800, or 5 per cent, as compared with 1866.
The total value of the Belgian commerce for the first elevep months of 1888, exports
and imports, was $416,626,212, viz : Imports, $229,973,762, or an increase of 9 per cent.
aa compared with the first eleven months of 1667 ; and exports, $188,652,430, an
amount about equal to tbat of the first eleven months of 1687. The following articles
of importation increased during the first eleven months of 1888 as compared with
1867:
Cattle $1,184,441
Sh«ep 220,899
Horses - 291.816
Oak lumber 673,377
Otber lumber 1,033,708
Coffee 2,662,013
Batter... 764,284
Rice 564,718
Guaoo 200,598
Iron ore 620.750
Flax ^ 086.072
Caat-iroD 766,506
Oleagiuoos grain 2,315,228
Wbeatandbackwheat $2,683,601
Bye 926,207
Barley 1,652,685
Peas, beans, eto 85^401
Oatsandoorn 1,11^608
Flour 493,764
Potatoes 1,426,656
Lead 886,198
Baw hides 822,180
Soda 2,309.824
Petroleum 743,278
Rosin 721,627
Wine 261,822
The following articles of importation decreased during the same period;
HogR
Meat
Vegetable oils . . . .
Copper and nickel .
$252, 4)4
1, 0D5, 082
380, 210
322,338
Lard ..
Hemp.
Silk..-.
$205,150
788,406
602,870
The following articles of exportation iocreased :
Arms $205,515
Coke 373,841
Wheat and bnok wheat 1, 202. (;06
Flour 1,010.85.')
Brtaad, biscuits, etc 258, 407
Rags 422.091
Haw hides ." 3,203,0:'8
Chemical products 454, 708
Woolen goods 270,072
Window-glass 478,640
Woolen thread
Hardware
Sli:el rails
Other steel.....
Lead
I'aner
Soila ..
Kefined sugar.,
Silk goods
Glass ware.....
$614, 705
312. 081
345. &'>6
279,078
261, 322
378.859
610, 905
281,201
218.090
302,660
The following articles ol exportation decreased :
Cattle
Sheep
llomes
Candles
Coal
Meat ".
Kailiray carriages
Stone (building)
$804,801
25:{,21C
228,838
216,8*7
721,241
685,922
532,101
730,383
Baw sugar........ : 1,511,962
Machinery $2,820,063
Hemp 418,617
Flax 1,069,606
~ " 627,898
429,426
, 871,718
63^,128
890.063
893,627
Wool.
Copper and Niokle...
Kails (iron)
Zinc
Linon goods •
Glassware (ordinary)
COMMEKCK BETWKBN •BELGIUM AND THE UNITED STATES.
The importariona from the Uuited States into Belgium, which in 1886 amonnted to
$30,956,200, increased in 1H87 to $31,821,500, an increase of $865,300, or 3 per cent.
The principal articles of which the importation increased were the following:
Drags
Flonr, bread, eto...
Vegetahle oils
Lard
Sirop and molasses
$894, 169
550, 243
326. 749
207, 861
68,129
The following articles decreased.
Petrolenm $1,623,709
Copper and nickel 244,531
Mineral ore 146,294
Tegeuhle substances 84,727
10611 O E
15
Grain of all kind.
Rosin
Rice
Textile fibers....
$699,626
857.060
224,469
88,780
Oleaginons grain $483,658
Flax and hemp 168,839
CoJTee .*. 109,238
226
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
The exportatioQB from Bely^ium to the United States amounted in 1886 to |7,844,900|
whilst in 1887 they amounted to 99,523,200, an increase of $1,678,300, or 21 per cent
The following are the principal articles of exportation which iucreaeed :
rute- glass....
WiDdow-glass.
Steel.;..:
Arras
Wooden ware .
Qrease
$540,014
870, 94«
283,617
113.098
SO, 037
44,004
Ragt
Iron
Clothes
Mineral ore
Flax and hemp ...
Leather and mdes
Tlie following articles decreased.
Kaw sugar....
Machinery
Liuen goods...
Woolen goods
$289,083
207.808
58.855
78,037
Drags
Raw skins
Chemical prodaota.
$190,799
340,821
140.487
103.082
64,428
44^004
$247,233
198, OOO
eo,«98
The following table will show the commerce between Belgium and the United
States for the years 1886 and 1887 compared :
Statement showing the commerce bettceen Belgium and the United States for the years 1886
and 1887, compared —
Merchandise.
Exports to the United
States.
Alimentary conserves .%.
Animals :
Cattle
Horses
Animal matter
Arms
Art objects
Books and printed matter
Butter
Cacao, raw
Chemical prodacts
Clothes
Coal and coke
Colfeo
Colors and dyes.
Cotton goods ...
Cotton, raw ....
l>rues
Earthenware ...
El
5K8.
,cg£
Flonr
Friiitoofallkind
Glass:
Window
Other
Grain of all kind
Grease and lard
Hardware and notions..
Hemp and flax fibers . . .
Hides and skins :
Raw
Tanned
Mannfacturea
Honey
Iron:
Old scrap
Bars and rolled
Manufactures of —
Linen goods
Machinery and tools....
Mt^at
Mineral ore, raw
Nickel and copper
Oil, vegetable ,
Oleaginous grain
Paper of all kind
Petroleum :
Crude
R'ttned
Products for industries.
Rags
Rice
Rosin and bitumen . .. . .
8Uk goo4s
.d*i\.
1880.
$70,021
280,238
33,003
8,492
850, 471
439, 401
128.924
130,044
22,002
425, 051
10,808
60,935
1, 443, 640
464,744
237,390
25. 470
10,701
308,823
70, 059
3,281
82, 218
123, 006
17, 503
28i, 094
301,059
71, Tm
262, 287
40,127
16,984
52,689
15,054
1887.
$886
05,620
883.334
U, 104
11,194
270.370
686,048
160,028
190,801
49,022
178,718
2.702
01,700
1,814,586
1, 004, 758
281,394
81, 652
71, 217
175,823
114,063
8,667
03,026
470, 727
31,632
203,229
93,901
63,497
366,349
80,006
24,511
648,488
44,390
Imports from the
United States.
1888.
$388
8,299
01,076
10.808
1,737
1,930
23,988
16,888
280,650
61,838
1,426,306
10,422
979,868
83,548
12, 644, 395
1,929; 035
8,085
182,892
21,016
3, 001, 348
168,489
815.563
329.451
686,918
8,896
5*701,
'46i,'666
1887.
$678
8.281
68,901
10,808
2; 885
18^538
88*705
151,812
79,744
1, 888, 006
004,581
1,829,8U
18,708
13,344,020
2,1301,806
0.360
4,053
108,255
99.529
88^973
22.388
88.703
81.653
198
199
18,721
8,018,713
82,195
70.831
868,200
103,856
4^878^883
224.450
810,000
EUROPE — ^BELGIUM.
227
Statement showing the etiMmerce between Belgium and thi United JStateif dd.— C<}ntiDned,
ICerolfflodise.
Splrito and Uqaors.
Stairch
Steel in ban, etc
BiiKar, raw
Sirap Mid molauea ...
Textile fibers
IMnfoil
Tobiusoo:
Leaf
Mannfkctared ...
Vegetable sabttanoea
Wax, raw
Wines
Wood:
Balldlnc
Fnniitnre
MaDufactnrea of. .
Wool
Woolen goods
2inc
JlisoelLmeons goods.
Total
Exports to the United
States.
1886w
13.088
475, 140
472,078
a, 703
4,826
679
8,088
26t,6e7
840,452
88,670
883,537
7,844,871
1887.
12, 600
768,683
18^886
3,702
1,880
2,816
8,088
Imports fhim the
United States.
814^204
261.615
61,053
520.907
9,5^,199
1880.
115^247
166,866
66,168
1,846,947
68,129
860,874
4,439
257,076
198
246^110
41.109
80,956^286
1887.
11^476
234.496
144,948
1,878,020
90,908
266,147
3,816
242.601
2,895
75^463
45,741
81,821,454
Declared exports from the BrueseU ooneulatefor ihe years 1887 and 1888 compared.
Merehandise.
A nilfne colors. . . ^. . .
BattoQS, braids, etc.
Cement
Corsets
Fnmltare
Glass
Gloves
Glycerine......
Harness
Hats
Hatters' fdrs
Horses
Iron and steel :.
Lace goods
Linen goods
1887.
$11,243.26
11,250.68
7.720.00
236,308.80
4,237.06
102. 184. 12
276,068.34
11,983.85
6.521.80
29,262 98
178. 490. 39
20,428.26
64,678.01
165,668.23
234,433.98
1888.
$17,639.06
12.850.81
2,788.78
837,935.40
4,922.21
197,503.87
290,129.53
8,493.81
94,106.82
64,047.99
20, 248.59
143,197.08
185,597.41
346,80&29
Herohandlse.
Marble
Mediolnal plants —
Oil-paintings and
works of art
Paper
Babbit and sheep
skins
Bags
Tin-foil
Vegetable fibers
Miscellaneoas goods.
Total....
Increase.
1887.
92,446.48
9.146.95
18,746.57
145,120.83
10,018.84
0, 697. 23
31l,24&95
20. 148. 17
1,700,015.07
188&
$40,706.83
11.884.91
7.814.96
86,480.82
87,154.11
.25.533.32
4,697.87
48,240.71
18,U8.29
1,787,945.96
87,939.89
From the foregoing table it will be seen that the following articles of declared ex-
ports increased during 1888 :
Aniline eolors $6,395.79
GloYes ^ 14,06tl9
Iron and steel 77,519.07
Linengoods 11.464.31
ICedic&al plants 9,438.48
Bags 15,485.48
Glass $5,818175
Hats 64,858.89
Laos goods 19,984.18
Marble 40,706.83
Paper..... 21.684.25
Vegetable fibers 8,994.76
The following artiolea decreased daring the same period :
Glyoerine $11,933.81
Hatters' fnrs 114^441
Babbltaad sheep skins ^...,. 67,966L
81 I
40
ni
Harness e $8,087.99
Oil-paintings 1,88L99
Tin-fU^. » «,099.f6
228
COMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
CHABIMOL
Declared eaq^^rUfi^amikewmtwiar agency of CharUnfi to the VmUd Staioe for Ae ytm
1887 and 1888 compared.
MercbMidiMw
CJaiDMit
Coagh drops .
Diamonds
Dry platec ...
£»rtb«nware .
GUatwftre....
Iron
GlMstabM..
H.vpooolphito
Marble
U87.
$4A,U«u7S
74 86
•56.86
66,2ia87
1,404.80
120.13
4,0S&21
188,112.07
154.«1
284.34
886.07
120.50
80,814.04
1,096.40
6^037.04
llewJiMidtoo.
Kails
Plats glass
Sulphate ..
Steel
Tin-foU ...
Window>gl
Total.
V
1887.
$14.45
801,276.81
11&S8
868,600.67
874.81
1,555^402.20
2,83fl^282.96
$378^801114
8B;42L86
976.23
1. €82, 280^86
2,268,445.95
71^887.95
▲ORICULTURB.
The agrtcnltural depreasion which hao/exioted for several yean in Belnam eon-
tiDaes with unabated foroe. Tracts of land capable of cnltivation remain ftoeolntely
uucaltivated, the expenses involved in their cultivation leaving no margin of profits.
The crops of 1888 were far below the average owing to the wet summer. The po-
tato crop was an almost total failare. In not a single one of the nine provinces was
the crop of wheat or rye or barley good.
Tberesnlt of this continued agricaltiiral depression is an increasing tendency to
emigration. At present this emigration is mainly to the Argentine Republic, which
in certain cases aids emigrants to reach there.
j MINES AND MINING.
' The coal mines of Belgi am produced, in 1887, 18,378,624 tons (of 2,209 pounds) of ooal,
the total value of which was 1*^,501,082. This production, the heaviest ever pro-
duced in the kingdom, was divided as follows :
Begioo.
Hainant
Xamur
Liege
Total
4
. Qnaatity.
Tont.
18,470,060
359,255
4,540,800
18,878,624
Talae.
$20,888^068
441, »1
7,173.038
28,601,€6S
The quantity of coal extracted in 1887 exceeded that of the precedinff year by
1,093,081 tons, and the value of the product bv $990,476. The average seUing price
per ton of coal in 1887 was $1.55, a reduction of 4 cents as compared with 1886. The
production was furnished by 268 mlces, 12 less than the preceding year. There were
100,739 laborers employed in the mines in 1887, an increase of 457 laboreis as compared
with 1886. They were subdivided as follows :
In the mines :
Men 63,202
"Women 8,201
Boys, under sixteen years old 7, 020
Oirls,nnder sixteen yean old... 1,032
Total 75^445
On the sorflMset
Men 16^771
Women 8^768
Boys, onder sixteen yean old ........ 2,881
Girls, under sixteen yean otd 2^
Total 103.730
The total amount of wages paid the laborers in 1887 was $15,845,300, or an averace
annual salary per laborer of $157.30, an increase of $6.18 as compared with 18!)6. This
average annual salary in the different regions was as fbllows:
Region.
1886
1887.
Inonase.
Halnant— Mens
$137.42
157.80
147.07
182.40
167.88
$140.82
164.44
163.05
140.80
176.68
$2.80
7 14
Haiji ant— -Center
Hainnnt — Oharleroi ,,^ *. , .^ ^^^
5l88
Kamur
8.40
Lieice..........
8.11
EUBOPE — BELGIUM.
229
Tlio averaj^e daily salary (men, women, boys, and girls both in and ont of the
luiuoH^ WHS &4 cents.
$157. 30
0.54"
:200 working daya.
This salary is divid<)d as follows: Laborers on surface 43 cents, and laborers in
mines 58 cents. By calcalating the daily average wages of women, boys, and girls,
respectively, at 35, 28, and 24 cents, the daily average wages of the laborers above six-
teen years of age in the mines would be 63 cents. #
The working expenses of the mines were :
Making the cost price per ton $1.46, or 8 cents less than in 1886. The total value of
the coal extracted in lb87 was |28,501,U82, which leaves a net profit of $1,687,013; an
increase of |692,b70, as compared with 1886. The mines were divided as follows:
90 proOrable mines (profit) $2,080,997
50 losing mioee (loss) 402,064
Ifet profit 1,687,013
The following table shows the results of the ooal mines of Belgium for the years
1861 to 1887 :
Product.
Profit-
able
mines.
Profit.
Losing
mines.
Loss.
Net profit
Laborers.
SeUing
price
of coal
per
ton.
Year.
Num1>er.
Aver-
age an-
nual
wages.
Extraor-
dinary ex-
penses.
1881.
1882..
1868..
1864..
IfKlS.
1866..
1867..
1888..
1809..
1870 .
1871..
1872..
1873..
1874..
1875..
1878..
1877..
Ton*.
10. 057. 163
9.035,645
10.345.860
11,158,236
11, 840, 708
12, 774, 602
12,765,822
12. 298, 589
12,042.894
18. 697. 118
13, 733, 176
15,6:'>8,918
15,778,401
14.669,029
15,011,331
14. 329, 578
13, 038, 523
14, 800, 175
15,417,292
16. 886, 008
16,873,051
17,600.989
18, 177, 754
18.051,499
17,437,603
17,285,543
18,878,624
109
101
108
112
114
124
110
102
102
107
106
128
142
111
lOi
84
09
66
70
85
77
85
80
78
81
77
00
$2,520,001
2.122,421
2,100.008
2.496.456
3, 188. 167
4, 920, 728
4. 419, 700
2, 622. 677
2,416,930
3, 129, 109
3. 303, 195
7,263,180
18, 720, 614
6, 085, 097
4, 563. 202
2,740,285
1,835,044
1,632,201
1, 553, 457
2, 000, 366
1,663.539
2.116,245
2, 176, 461
1,985,777
2, 025, T2S
1,688,557
2,089,907
81
77
73
73
66
47
52
60
68
62
62
89
35
68
71
96
109
. 102
96
79
83
73
73
71
69
67
SO
$633,233
63:1, 233
658,002
433.285
519. 042
452, 302
457.410
693. 612
866.377
722,206^
545,225
406,072
676. 070
1. 653, 431
2, 074, 364
2,023,991
$1,886,768
1,489,188
1, 442, 096
2,063,170
2,668,225
4,468,336
3,062,290
1, 029, 035
1, 550, 562
2, 406, 003
2,767,070
6.857,007
18, 044, 535
4, 431. 666
2, 488, 028
725,204
*21.3, 651
207, 799
*33. 582
742. 278
*283, 517
921,768
879,694
1, 207, 987
1, 338, 841
904,143
1,687,013
81,675
80,802
70,187
70,770
82.368
86, 721
93, 330
89,382
89, 928
91.993
94,286
98,863
107, 002
100, 631
110, 720
108,548
101, 348
99,032
07,714
102,030
101, 851
103, 701
106,252
!05.582
103,095
100,282
100,739
$189.82
133.56
135.10
138.00
161. 10
167.33
171.38
156.17
160.19
169.46
166.75
202.07
26L18
227.51
224.46
108.96
160.15
162.51
156.14
177.66
179.68
178.72
194.16
17&40
156.71
151. 12
157.80
$2.11
2.03
1.96
1.91
2.02
2.28
2.89
2.10
2.03
2.00
2.16
2.57
4.18
8.17
2.05
2.62
2.12
1.01
1.81
1.94
L87
1.93
1.06
1.84
L71
L60
1.55
$2,773,796
2, 58!%, 726
2,419.834
2,230,694
2,874,672
2,493,367
3,008,008
2,901,693
3, 179. 432
2.849,931
2,796.950
8.^69, 822
6,403.807
6,006,677
5, 817, 792
5,211,579
3,917,707
8,309,824
2,741,144
8,293,852
8, 102, 413
8,265,046
3.800,493
2,691,578
2,259.837
1,924,990
1,844,594
1878..
1879.
1880..
1881..
1662..
1883..
1884..
1885..
1886..
1887..
'i,'354,6R8*
1, 697. 056
1. 104. 477
1,206,767
777, 700
686,887
^ 694,414
402,984
Loos.
230
COMMEBCUL RELATIONS.
The following table shows the product and valae of the asine^ lead, and iron mines
of Belgium from 1878 to 1687 :
Zinoore.
Lead on.
Pyxlteof iten.
Imore.
Total Talae.
Labor.
Tear.
en em-
Qatat-
tity.
Tslae.
tltj.
Value.
Qoan-
tity.
Yalaa.
Qoan-
tity.
Talae^
ployed.
2bfu.
Ttn».
Torn,
Tmu.
1878...
46,293
$478,447
13.477
$398,764
21,721
$100,939
207,167
$889,294
$1,217,444
4,160
1879...
42,689
418,986
9,384
209,791
15,577
62,582
195,212
802,431
988,789
8.838
1888...
88.806
482.708
6,434
178.166
7.913
81,662
268,480
861,875
988. 889
8,810
1881 ...
28,663
280,636
8,741
126,801
2.965
9.457
224,882
850,681
717,874
2,750
1882...
H-JS
138^451
8,018
83,786
2,665
4,053
209.212
807,449
641.751
2.312
1883...
20.738
144.750
1,749
60.023
1.623
8.474
216,400
288,921
497.168
2,100
1884...
87,806
195. 7U9
1,796
49,601
2,243
6,765
176,755
247.040
499,096
1,926
1885...
18,186
131. 240
1.299
36,091
4,533
12.645
187. 118
263,023
432,899
1.788
1888 ..
10.042
147.066
1,292
87.442
8.209
5.083
163,378
184. 815
374^806
1.486
1687...
20,879
178,181
648
17,766«
- $,480
6.176
186,186
228,819
425,872
lr587
Smelting furnaces, 1887.
Kamb«r of eatabllahments In the kingdom :
Working 17
Shutdown 9
Komber of f^rnaoea in the kingdom :
Working ; 29
Shutdown K
Kumher of laboren employed 2,510
Average daily wagea per laborer $0.58
Ore consumed :
Belgian ore '. ., ...tone.. 197. 8S8
Foreign ore do... 1.449,213
Scrap iron do... 279,315
Production,
Deecriptlon.
Fine cast- Iron
Caei-iron for molders
ICanganeeic oaat-iron
Beesemer eaat-iron . .
Thomaa oaet-lron ....
Other oast-iron
Total
Talue.
$4,160,668
642,487
22,067
1.714,908
Sii.283
21,087
6,Sn.440
The following table shows the average prices per ton of the different cast-irons
from 1881 to 1^7 :
Tear.
Cast-iron.
Holders'
cast.
Manganesio
cast.
Besaemer.
Thomaa.
Other east
1881
$10.06
10.47
10.10
8.83
8.21
7.72
&04
$13.20
13.51
12.67
12.78
9.82
9.12
^ 9.56
$17. 19
17.33
16.06
14.83
12.83
$16.86
16u68
18.58
11.84
10.85
10.99
10.29
$10.86
11.68
10.72
10.25
10.69
9.64
9.66
1882
$15.44
15w39
1883
1884
1885.
1886
19.35
1887
1&47
17. SS
a
EUSOPE — BELGIUM.
2f31
The following table shows the average price per ton for iron and steel rails for the
years 18dl to lfc87 :
Ye»r.
Iron rails.
Steel r»Ua.
Year.
Iron rails.
Steel rails.
l?8l
^.46
26.33
26.86
24.69
$28.29
26.05
24.81
22.49
1885
$24.38
21.17
. 2L32
$21.30
18iJ2
1886
20.26
18g3
1887
19.09
1884
1
Ukitkd States CoNSULxtK,
BrMsthy February 5, 188d.
William Sladk,
Coruul,
GHENT.
REPORT OF OOmUL BXTTTERFIELD FOR TBS YEAR 1887.
Although, wi far as this consular district goes, it can not be said of the year 1887
that its ooinniercial prosperity has been very remarkable, althoagh final resalts have
proved moderately satisfactory, considering the repeated threats of impending war
andtbeirconseqaeut disturbance of business. The competition in all branches of
agrionltore has been a heavy strain, to ease which it will be necessary for Flanders
to pat forth her best effort. The improved machinery of America and the immense
moorces of unlimited areas are surely driving to the wall, all (and in these provinces
I am told they are many) who yet din^ to the methods of the past. Again, commerce
is more and more affected by the ever increasing duties imposed on foreign goods by-
Huch countries as France. Germany, and Italy. Belgian manufacturers depend to
such an extent on foreign markets that if these close disaster must stare them in the
£Ace.
SABfPLB MUSEUMS.
I have to mention the fact that the district of Qhent is indebted to the Government
for the establishment of a branch of the Brussels Museum of Samples. Thanks to
tills organization, whereby manufacturers are enabled to practically judge of the
requirements of the countries with which they desire to trade, profitable enterprise
baa been in many cases successfully fostered. This idea is one which might perhaps
be advantageously considered at home.
I will now proceed to give a separate account of the various trades and manufact-
rures.
LINEN TRADE.
This branch continues to feel the effects of the commercial crisis. It seems as
though linen, were steadily losing ground with the consumer, whose favor is now
more generally given either to wholly cotton fabrics or to those of mixed fiax and
cotton. Overproduction of linen yarns has caused such a depreciation in value that
many manufactories have had to close. This, nlthough the natural remedy for a
situation unstable and ruinous, has been accompanied by keen coniplaints and loud
demands for more protection. This expedient, however, would probably be a harm
rather than a benetit to Belgian linen, since the production in excess of the countr^^'s
wants is so ereat that if confined to the home markets seven-eighths of the flax ma-
chinery would stand idle.
As to linen- weaving, there has been practically no change; for if, on the one hand,
home sales have diminished, foreign ones have increased. Raw materials being cheap,
linen has never been produced under more favorable conditions; but it is a fact to be
regretted that the better class of such goods — the staples of Flanders — has been less
sought than the inferior qualities. The manufacture of linen mixed with cotton is
now excessive. Its produutiOii in the last year amounted to 12,000,000 meters, con-
siderably more than the demand, Thence a gradual sinking, the end of which is not
yeL
232 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
JUTE TRADK.
Jnte-spmning, whMrh, like lioeii, has also suffered, ia now improYing, and the de-
niaud contiunes well sustained. Jute weaving, in contrast to 1866, has kept ali the
looms going. Priceis, too, have kept up, although raw materials have heen more thau
nsnally expensive. The present de velopraeut in this direction is not sufficient to meet
its opportunities, as is shown by the well-known fact that, owing to a reefcrioted plant,
large and lucrative orders have been passed to Scotch competitors.
COTTON TBADB.
During 1887, the cotton-spinning mills worked regularly, and large operations were
satisfactorily trausacted. In January and Fehrnary the political outlook affected
trade so far that even -double-folded yams, usually very firm, were slightly affected.
But in March came a rapid change, inaugurated by a rise of the raw stuff. American
cotton joined in the movement, and by the end of the month its yam had risen 2
cents a kilo. During the summer, things became quieter; consumers were working
under contracts, and moreover the rise liad stopped short of the manufactured arti-
cle. In August Walloon mills offered their products at a loss of 1 cent, and then of
2 cents, per kilo, when of course Fleuish spinners had to follow suit. In October
greater firmness characterized the market, which remained thus settled.
It is said on good authority that during the year no less than 40,000 new spindles
were put into operation. However, future prospects are not deemed very encour-
aging. A constant threat hangs over the spiuners in the shape of a proposal for the
reduction of the duty on cotton yarns, while all branches feel the effects of the com-
mercial crisis. Goods are often sold at absurdly low prices; and, as in the case of
thread, it is not that too much of it is produced, but that the buying capacity of con-
sumers is sadly impaired. The agricultural element is approaching rain, and thus
mannfacturers are deprived of their trustiest customers.
lu hosiery, work is not wanting, but prices are insufficient. The wages of women-
knitters barely suffice to provide the necessities of life (at times less than 15 cente per
diem).
Cotton-weaving is steadily decreasing,nnd unless energetic measures of a protective
character are taken by the Government, it is considered that this industry will soon
disappear.
Dyeing in its relation to cotton tissues ia also in a precarious state, owing to the
extremely active home and foreign competition.
THE SUGAR TRADK.
Owing to the persistent drought in Jane, 1887, the ontlodk grew unfavorable, and
the beet crops failed to a largo extent (20 to 40 per cent, in the several countries of
Europe). Sugar-beet then rose from 30 to 41 francs per bag. In spite of these fluctu-
ations, no general improvement can be reported in this district, and yet other sugnr
manutacturers and refiners have gone to the wall. In Belgium ten years or so ago
there were 173 sugar factories in activts operation; now (December, 1887) there are.
but 102, which fact is of itself a sufficient commentary. To the scarcity bi the beet
and to its poor quality —three-fourths to 1 per cent, poorer in saccharine matter than
the crop or 1886-— must be largely attributed the unfavorable results of the year.
TBB GHENT DISTILLERY.
The production of whisky, gin, etc., for the year 1887, was 66,246.46 hectoliters,
on which a tax of 7P4, 199.59 francs was paid to the Government. The figures for the
year previous were 68,888.04 hectoliters, on which 848,811.44 franco were paid to the
Government. Decrease in 1887, 2,641.58 hectoliters, which would pay 64,611.85
francs Government tax.
In this connection it may be mentioned that distillers haye now commenced to
import barley direct from Kussia.
THE BRRWIKO INTEREST.
Owing to the cheapness of hops this branch is one of the few really prosperous in-
dustries, and it is officially stated that in the province of Eiistem Flanders alone
there are 534 breweries. If satisfactory to the brewers, this state of affairs is not so
t.o the hop-growers who oftentimes have had to sell their products as low as 20 francs
for 50 kilograms. This depreciation is due to over production in other countries, and--
EUROPE BELGIUM.
233
to its nnrefitricted entrance into Belginm. This is particularly true of German hops
of low grade — admitted free— while Belginm hops are charged 10 marks for 5u kilo-
grams when imported into Germany. Accordingly hops are being abandoned, as in
the District of Alost, where the yield for 1^^157 was bat 22,000 bags of 100 kilogranis,
or abont 18,000 compressed bales of the mean weight of 125 kilograms, as against
44.000 bales in 1886 representing nearly 36,000 compressed bales.
CONBTBUCTIOX OF MACHINBRT.
There is a better tone pervading all branches of this basiness except locomotiye
building. This is dne to lack of uoyernment orderSj on Which machine-ms^ers have
anlnckily to depend.
WOODEN-SUOK TRADE.
This basiness has its greatest importance in what is known as the *'Waes coun-
try,'' lying between Ghent and Antwerp, and bounded north and south by the carve
of the Scheldt. There are said to be no less than a thonsand master wooden-shoe
makers, w^hcse aggregate sales amount to over 7,000,000 francs per annum. These
makers have organized themselves into a company for the purpose of extending their
operations. So snccessfnl have they been in disposing of their stock that Canadian
poplar, the principal material used, has considerably lulvanced in price, now fetching
15 to 20 francs a cubic meter.
THE LUMBER TRADE.
The total number of vessels loaded with lumber reported at this port for the year
1887 is as follows :
Years.
1887
1886
Difference
Tonnaffe.
47, 193
34,408
12,785
The above warrants the conclusion that the year has certainly been favorable to
the lumber dealers.
AGRICULTURE.
Agricaltnral results will be best understood b^ a comparative table of crops for the
three years 1885, m80, and I8^s7. The hectare is taken as the basis of area; hecto-
liters or kiloKTums as the measurement of production: i. e., so many hectoliters or
kilograms to the hectare.
Kind of crops.
Wheat
Bye
Barley
Oals
Buckwheat
Peas
Horse beans
Coka
PoUtoes
Carrots
Taraips
Sii{{;ir-beet
Cattle- beet
Red clover
Carnation clover
Lucem grass . . .
Hay
Flax
Hemp
Hops
Tobacco
Succorv
188S»
1886.
Heetol
BeetoL
27.54
24.4
29
23.5
40
87.2
43
47.56
18
23
20
25
10
28.88
24
21.8
KUogr.
KUogr.
21,410
18,100
5,680
18,600
5.000
19,770
23,338
81,000
.28,888
41,950
30,366
41.200
20,OUO
28,166
30, 000
37.500
4.818
4.580
607
6.32i
1,250
1,050
950
1,200
3(000
8,250
20.000
19,600
1887.
HectoL
29.60
30.22
4Z59
87.86
13.25
26.5
2187
2i.«
EUogr.
19,045
7.533
6,825
26,000
83,545
24,3.13
17.166
27,500
4,075
6734
860
1,550
2,200
12,400
234
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
An iD8x>ection of the above will sbow that certain antomn cereals were more than
uBually successfn], while suoh spmmer cropa as clover and hay-grass were tried by
the oontinoed drought. Flax proved of a snperior quality, likewise hemp and colca^
while carrots, beets and chicory gave less than nsnaL Turnips were a failare.
TH« IMPORTATION OF FSRTILIZSAa.
Bat a few years ago gnano held a monopoly: but at present English sulphates of
ammonia are fast driving Peruvian gnano ont of the marKet. The direct importation
of Chilian nitrates of soda has also commenced, and in 1887 the arrival of a ship-load of
1,100 tons of Chilian nitrates was considered worthy of special note. The year 1888
(now closing) has seen a decided extension in this branch of commeroe,
MAMTIMB COMMERCE.
The following tables give the main points of the sitnation for the year 1887 :
VeiseU entered at Ghent
Nationality.
Duoiflh .
Dutch..
En;!lUh
<><nnaQ
Italian .
Number.
Tonnage.
11
8.100
6
2,013
M8
280.000
68
2,009
1
452
Nationality.
Six hundred and sixteen of the above 817 vessels were loaded with divers mex-
chandise ; 114 with lumber ; 29 with flax and flaxseed ; 8 with raw cotton, and 10 in
ballattt.
During the same vear 822 vessels cleared from this port. Their total tonnage came
to 346,376 tons, while their cargoes were as follows :
General cargo 634
Itallaat 186
Bran 14
Phoephates 13
Succory 4
Paving atonee •» 4
Tilea 5
ZIno
Fraita
Bricks of coal.
Window-glaaa .
Pig4ron
Total.
CONCLUSION.
In bringing this report to aclose, injustice to myself I must mention the fact that the
niuiu source of information, the one on which my predecessors have invariably de-
ponded for the necessary figures (especially those of the imports and exports), has ut-
terly failed me in my work. The '* Cerole Commercial et Industriel de Gand " has for
years past, at this season, prepared and published for the benefit of subscribers a
report dealing very fully with questions commercial or industrial, statistical and
otherwise. This year, however, its report has not appeared, and inqniriesof the club's
secretary elicited the statement that it probably would not be published at aU, owing
to the listless indiff'erence of those having the matter in charge.
Under these circumstances, I thought it useless to wait further, but rather to
^are a report with such material as was at my command.
F. W. L. BUTTBIUriELD,
ConeuL
United States Consulate,
Ghent, November 30, 1888.
EUROPE^DENMARK. 285
DENMARK.
RJSPORT ST CONSUL RYDER, OF OOPBKRAQSIT.
I baye herewith the honor to present a report on the trade moveinents of Den»
mark with foreign countries in the year 1887, and in transmitting the same can not
refrain from repeating my regrets that the statititical department of Denmark should
allow so long an iivterval to elapse before the publication of these tables, as they are
thus deprived in great degree of the value to which they would otherwise be entitled.
Upon review of these statistical returns it is satisfactory to observe that a great
improvement is to be noticed iq the foreign trade of Denmark in 1887 as compared
with the preceding year, as also when placed in comparison with the movements of
the previous five years' average of 16d3-'87, with the sole exception of a slight decline
in the value of the imports and which may easily be accounted for by the diminished
market value of many of the principal articles of import in 1887 Upon the prices of
the preceding vears; the collective values of Denmark's imports and exports with
foreign lands naving amounted, as will be seen on reference to annexed Table I, to
4.38«500,000 kroners in 1886 ; and against 433,880,000 kroners for the five years' average
of 1883-^87 \ and it is at the same time very satisfactory to observe that the exports
of the home products in 1887, both as regards volume as well as value, are in excess
of those of the foregoing year ; as also of the five years' average of 18d3-'87 of these
products, there having been exported, in 1887, 759,0l()0,000 pounds, of the value of 158,-
. 500,000 kroners, against 754,000,000 pounds, of the value of 142,800,000 kroners, in 1886 ;
and against 726,000,000 pounds, of the value of 150,760,000 kroners, on the average of
the five years, l883-'87.
Turning next to the value of the kingdom's trade in 1887 with foreign countries
when taken individually, in comparison with the year 1886 and with the average of
the five years of 1883~'87, it will be seen, from annexed Table II, that Qermany and
Great Britain, the same as in previons years, continue to maintain their prominent
positions, inasmuch as two-thirds of the foreign trade of Denmark is monopolized
by the two countries. When taking these two countries Feparately, there is, how-
ever, this i^ecnliarity to be noticed: That whilst the volume of the trade with
England in 1887 has been more than double the amount of that with Germany,
namely, of 1,008,741 registened tons against 483,361 registered ton6, that on the other
hand tne value of these trade exchanges is quite the reverse, the value of the col-
lective trade with Germany in 1887 having amounted to 150,729,773 kroners, whilst
that of England was only of 138,770,838 kroners, which is easily explained by the
- nature of tne goods imported from the two countries, the imports from England, con-
sisting largely of articles of heavy weight and low value, such as coals, raw metals,
etc., whilst those from Germany are of less weight bnt much more valuable nature,
such as manufactures, colonial, wares, etc.
A8,regards the trade with the neighboring Scandinavian lands, it will be seen that
in 18*^7 the collective interchange of goods with Sweden has been of the valne of
58,000,000 kroners, and with Norway of 12,300,000 kroners, that is to say respectively
of 3,600,000 and 3,200,000 kroners less than on the average of the five years, 1883-'87,
sod in both cases the decline is found to have fallen principally on the exports from
this country, and it is much to be feared that the protectionist tariff whion last year
received the sanction of the Swedish chambers, may be expected to affect still more
in|iiriou8ly the trade movements with that country.
in the commercial relations of Denmark with the United States, the imports ifito
this kingdom play by far the most prominent part ; the average value of the imports
in the five years 1883--'87, amounting to 15^300,000 kroners; the exports of the average
for the same period amounting to only 2,80 ,000 kroners, whilst these imports in 1887
were of the value of 14,900,000 kroners, or a slight decline of 400,000 kroners on the
five years' average. The value of the exports to the United States is seen to have re-
mained without change. The principal articles of import and export to and from
the United States wilTbe found in annexed Tables III and IV.
From Russia there was imported in 1887 for the valne of 15,900,000 kroners against
13,500,000 kroners on the average of the five years, 1883-'87, thus showing increased
imports of 2,400,000 kroners, falling specially upon the articles of rj'e, oil-cakes, ard
seeds; whereas the imports of wheat met with a decline of 1,250,000 kroners. The
exports from this country to Russia are but trifling, amounting to 2,500,000 kroners.
In the trade interchange with the remaining foreign lands it may be sufficient to
- observe that the no inconsiderable imports of barley into Denmark from Africa (Al-
giers) in the year 1885 to the valne of 700,000 kroners have still been eon tinned in the
succeeding years of 1886 and 1887, and that in 1887 a larger importation than usual
of coffee was received direct ttom the Brazils to the valne of about 500,000 kroneis.
236
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Turniuff next to the groups of most important wares imported into the kingdom,
such as colonials, drinkables, mannfaotnres, nietals,eto.| it win be seen from annexed
Table V that the colleotive imports of colonial goods in 1887 were of 103, 400, OOU
pouuds of the estimated value of 23, 800, 000 kroners ; thas showing a small advance
as compared with the five years' average of 1883-'87 respectively, of :iSo, 000 pounds and
700, 000 kroners. Whilst a great increase will be fonnd to have fallen upon the im-
ports of rice in 1887, namely of 38, 000, 000 pounds, against 28, 600, 000 pounds for the
five years of 1883-'87, a decline on the other hand is to be noticed in the imports of
coffee and su^ar. The decline in the sugar imports of late years may, however, at
once be explained by the very considerable increase which has been taking plaoe in
the home production of beet sugar since 1883, as will be more plainly shown by the
lollowing tables:
Import$ of foreign tugar and moloMss.
1883
1885
1887
Qusatity.
ei,44»,000
40, 400^000
41,200^000
12,200,000
6^200,000
^200,000
Home production of beet sugar.
Pound*.
1883 1^522,211*
IBM ^ ;.... 83»807,708
1887 42,242.343
The home production having thus much more than folly replaced the gradual fall-
ing ofi^ on the imports of the foreign article.
Fruceeding next to a review of the exports of 1887, the agricultural products of the
kingdom, it will be seen, take an absolute proraineut position, as these figures with a,
val ne of 158,500,000 kroners or 85 per cent, of the total exports, the remaining 29,300,000
kroners being made up with the re-exports of colonials and foreign manufactures.
Looking at the diiferent groaps of the export lists it is plainly brought to view that
Denmark vear by year is fast losing her old position as one of the grain exporting
lands ; and that with the exception of barley and wheat flour all the other grain sons
show an excess of imports over exports, and of foddeiing stuffs (maize, bran, and oil-
cakes) there were imported into the kingdom to the value of no less than 16,000^000
kroners.
On the other hand, however, the argicnltural interests in 1887 have met with full
requital for the loss of their cerea'. exports in the increased exports of their live stock
and products, with the respective values of 41,000,000 kroners for live stock, and
53,800,000 kroners for their several products ; these showing a considerable advance
as compared with the years 1885 and 1886. And comparing more especially the exports
of provisions in 1887 with the average of the five years 188;W87,wnen the surplus ex-
Eorts were only of 40,600,000 kroners, the progressive movement is found to have
een very great; and when going still further back to the years 1682-'86, the in-
creased value of the surplus exports in 1887 is found to be no less that 50 per cent.
The increase on the different articles is so considerable that it will surely be of
interest to give the following specifications thereon :
The turplui exports.
Articles.
Pork and hams ponnds.
Beef and saoaages do
Bntter do
Bggs acore.,
1883.
QoanUty.
14,200,000
700,000
27, 100, 000
2,000,000
Value.
Krorurt,
0,700,000
800,000
26,800,000
2,600,000
1887.
Quantity.
46^100,000
5,000,000
88.100,000
6.400,000
Taliie.
17.600,000
1,000.000
32,700.000
4,600,000
And to this might perhaps in all fainie&s be added a further increase in the valn^^
of these exports, when taking into consideration the great decline tn iharket places
which has taken place In most of these articles since 1883.
/.-^-..-^
EUBOPE — ^DENMARK.
237
The great oustoinej for all these prodncts now as in former tixnes, is England, which
conn try takes aboat 50 per cent, of the Danish exports, Germany coining next for
about 35 per cent., the remainder being divided amongst other European lands.
Although the interests of the agricultural classes will unauestionably have been
unfavorably affected by the constantly drooping prices of their most important prod-
ucts, nevertheless the results of the general foreign trade of the kingdom in 1887
must be regarded in the light of an improvement upon the trade of the two preced-
ing years ; and there is great reason to hope that when the statistical returns for
18o8 are brought to the knowledge of the public that this improvement will be found
to have met with further favorable progress, so that the agricultural, mercantile, and
shipping classes may be in a position to say that they have at last seen the worst of
ibis long period of depression.
Hekrt B. Byder,
dmwul.
Umitbd States Consulate,
Copenhagen, April 25, 1889.
Value of DenmarVe eommeroe voiih each foreign country during ike yeart 1886-^87.
Countries.
6«rmMiy
Great Britain
Sweden ■
United Stfttes
Sootti America...
BoMia
JioTway
Holland
France
Belgium
DanUh PonsetislonB....
Bast Indies and China
8pain
Italy
Pottniral
Other lands
Value of imports.
1888.
Kronen,
76,241,519
48, 900, 106
29,969,634
13, 281, 847
1, 102, 744
9, 717, 799
6, 675, 48ff
5, 891, 044
4,009,098
4, 143, 288
3, 516, 962
1. 354, 075
889.091
58 «, 069
502, 107
5, 843, 928
1887.
Kronert.
90,581,910
56.691,617
85,801,434
14,667,100
654,291
15, 873, 447
6, 265, 897
7, 262, 020
5, 005, 079
6, 567. 847
2, 850, 946
2, 112. 162
~ 859, 936
659, 319
404.102
6,241,070
ATengeof
five years
from
1883-'87.
jBTron^rff.
92,256,890
57,688,893
86^ 510, 845
15, 817, 105
1, 341, 946
18,520,970
6,391,728
6, 593, 918
4,973,734
4,665,025
4. 344, 800
2, 248, 819
1, 201, 799
617. 357
519, 845
6, 751, 293
Value of exports.
1886.
Kronere.
50, 432, 249
72,822,156
22,823,050
1,770,627
16, 675
1,127,715
7. 907, 553
1, 369. 818
1, 629, 959
2,065,996
8, 815, 219
792
316, 147
66, 184
45
1,682,558
1887.
Kronert,
60, 147. 863
82, 079, 221
22, 188, 186
2, 823, 076
29,712
2,615,203
7, 063, 974
1,139,553
2, 324, SOS
1,556.590
3, 610, 175
F06
512. 276
261, 755
53
1. 489, 052
Principal importe into Denmark from United States of America in 1887.
Articles.
Wheat..,
Maixe....
BnUer..
Cotton...
I^rd — .
HnnnrM,
UoIaMses
Oilcakes
Quantities.
Poftnd*.
33, 160, 990
71, 736, 000
386. 405
2,479.772
14, 774, 886
6.078,291
774.264
2, 630. 9^
Articles.
Pork and bams
Beef
Petroleum
Rosin
Seeds, clover. . .
Seeds, grass....
Tobacco
Quantities.
Pound*.
767, 498
426,166
29, 003. 369
901,022
856,724
636. 419
797,060
r
238
COMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
Principal exports from DenwMrh to United States of America in 1887.
ArticlM.
Qaantitles.
Articles.
QoaatHiea.
Barley
Pounds.
870.000
198,549
6.291.686
10. 000, 672
. 1,175,389
Ragt
PowKif.
202,108
8,206.216
1,228,637
489. {^20
Kniito, dried
Rice, sronnd
(lanleo Drodooe
Skin 8. raw
Metata. itkw
Wfwxl mannfAnlnriMi _. _
MetAla, mannfaotared
Woel, raw
158,014
Folame and value of imports of ooJoniale, drinkables, manufactured goods, timber, and coal
in 18^, compared with five years average of 1883-^37.
Articlee.
Colonials ;
Coffee
j^oear
Tobaooo
Rice
Tea
Total
Drinkablee : «
Wine ,
Splrita
iueer ,
Total
Manufactarcn :
Cotton and linen
Silk
AVoolen
Total
Metals :
Raw
Metal wares
Total
Timber:
Unprepared
Worked
Total
Coals
1887.
Averaise of
1883-8?.
- 1887.
ATerase of
8yeua.
1888-*87.
Poundt.
14,700.492
41.218.909
8.601,803
37, 985, 100
804,921
Pounds.
28. 071, 758
48.462,936
7. 324, 141
28^600.209
750,882
ATonsrs.
10,466^718
6.232,679
6,010,508
2,895,238
868,084
JEiroflMfv.
8,808,715
7,448,883
4.418,832
2,013,908
604,881
103,380,234
103,209.426
23,773,1817
23.084,961
Quarts.
3, 259, 113
2. 479. 280
218, 100
Quarts.
3,316.002
2, 622, 036
317, 475
1,888,901
1,742,501
88,028
8,103.821
8,098,575
48.496
5,956.493
6. 255, 513
8,669,428
4,804,891
Pounds.
15,931,656
276,186
6, 048, 865
Pounds.
14, 683. 501
272, 168
5, 512. 168
l^ 406, 287
8.885.088
20,127,444
14,8181909
4,119,632
18^755,961
22.251,607
20.467,927
89,509,619
87,684,561
29, 789, 858
114,804.434
34.441,114
121, 466, 153
1,653,536
20,880,386
1,849.496
21.726,075
144, 544, 292
155, 007, 267
22,043,921
28^578^573
566. 025, 665
19, 853, 418
607.330,121
23,429,409
10.162.635
2,887,182
12,044,680
8,033^960
675, 870, 083
2,347,487,700
030,759.530
2,318,658,720
13,049,767
10,064,986
16. on. 689
14,872,657
Ik
EUHOPE — FBANCE.
239
FBANCE.
fiOBBEAUX.
Commerce of Bordeaux for the year 1887.
IMPORT&
▲rtlclM.
Gonenl.
QoABtlty
(in metiieal
qaintaLs).
▲nnotto» prepared
Bnutdy
Cerealft, grain and ftonr
Cheeu
Chemical prodnota
Clockaana watcbea
Coala
Coooa
Caflee
Copper
Corka
Fata, of allkinda ,
Kiah (aea), dried and in oil
Flax
Fraita, table
Gama, pore exotic ,
Hair, prepared and raw ,
Indigo
Iran, eaat^and ateel
Jewelry, gold, silver and plated ,
I«ad ,
LolMtera, freab and preaerved . . .
Haclilnery ,
Ifanorea
Ifeato, ulted
Heata. in bozee ,
Ifolaeaea
Knia
CHla,pare
Paper, paateboard booka and en
graTinga
Popper ..,
Pottery <g1asa and cxyatal)
Powder ignn)
Baca
RlST.
Beeda, for planting ,
Bkina, prepared and raw ,.
Sngara, raw and refined
Sugars, apeeial kinds
Saiphar
Tar, coal
Thread of all kinds
Tiaaaea, eotton, ribbona and trim
mings «
Tiaaaea, flax
Tiaanea, wool, ribbons and trim
miuga
Tobaooo, leaf. '„..
Tobaooo, mannftotared
Toola and metallte worka
Vanilla
Tegetablea, dried and their floor.
Veaaela (aea) of iron
Winea
vToodf common .•••.«•..........,
Wood for coloring ,
"Wood, worka
Wooltiabalea ,
Zinc
Articles n«t classified ,
Total
Gold and ailTOr
General total ,
7,881
212,954
1,489.386
17.153
88,028
281
8,978,630
83,417
66,964
83, 9M
3,486
80,626
861,837
30.499
162,650
29.066
2,769
1.455
143,831
114
29,314 I
2,642 I
14,537
86,900
10,886
20,803
181.358
186,506
28,426
8.419
1,938
19.622
3.546
62.120
130, 804
7,226
195,073
871.856
3,282
65,754
156,586
1,309
22,972
8,862
1,741
46.866
8,146
9,721
812
28,974
88,780
2,896,377
1,540,882
26,483
67,966
7,028
101, 819
890,483
12; 818. 021
207
Valac
12,818,228
1216,529.62
1,847.256.60
4,811,683.58
446,927.59
1,858,886.69
762,896.47
990,85&80
1.178,814.61
2,235,436.59
754,531.88
836,417.83
1,265,941.04
4,309.247.06
150,M2.96
1,273,608,74
1,862.441.89
142.136.39
893.276.10
231, 864. 18
5, 882, 812. 78
186,762.63
101,976.80
370, 845. 64
248,687.64
359. 313. 15
602. 238. 16
263. 520. 56
1,224,860.71
601,161.08
71.
106,
102.
228,
768,
111.
6,814,
1,«81,
212,
116.
820,
82,
106.21
083.64
234.15
658.24
459.70
022.85
557.47
430.49
072.46
172.81
636.86
881.22
24L93
2,853.108.00
61,906.81
808.867.18
885^206.47
886,908.76
147,632.09
241,111.04
189,801.90
246, 671. 87
14,368,998.40
6^ 286, 63& 11
102,227.85
162,843.76
267,717.53
174,498.44
2,372,122.89
73.020,802.71
1,286,277.13
74,257.079.84
Special.
Qnantity
(in metrical
quintals).
7,828
197,165
1,743,842
15.758
88,321
4
8,116,139
10,995
63,201
29,639
HI
77,400
881,118
20.409
148,489
28,622
2,763
1,455
88,866
29,314
1,711
14,888
85,900
7,601
19,284
181, 847
182,867
8,455
6,002
2,896
11,931
8,646
61.819
103,983
7.121
195. 614
249,733
1.651
65,754
161, 897
187
726
8,184
1.620
80,771
10
9,556
no
28.964
88.730
2,882,066
1, 540. 796
21,184
67,873
6,948
101. 303
175,634
11. 687, 818
207
11.688.020
▼alae.
$214,840.65
1, 688, 551. 40
4, 965, 184. 60
410, 686. Sa
1,842,055.61
765.68
783, 183. 00
888. 205. 74
2, 125,^6. 75
657. 844. 94
10, 755 89
1,222,646 70
8,642,796.89
150,342.95
1,223,740.62
1.838,967.83
141,859.17
893,276.10
132. 289 53
1, 184. 63
186,762.63
66,048.46
865. 00& 85
2481687.64
175,953.08
658.276.48
253. 499. 90
1,199,647.08
177. 61L 53
106,
66,
102,
226,
686.
109,
6,792,
1,642,
163.
116,
290,
82,
848.89
214.66
916.19
658.24
616.61
851.24
944.57
670.82
411 80
966.82
636.85
586.41
636. U
77,846.58
49; 163. 82
240,
893,
8,
107,
84,
139,
246,
14.226.
6,264.
81,
161,
254.
174,
1,600,
225.17
888.60
158.50
899.54
626.64
752.84
671.37
485.69
497.48
576.85
892.26
766c 60
344.04
809.16
68,061,486.42
1,286,277.18
59,287,762.66
Amonnts of
duties.
6297, 514 18
1, 045, 886. 88
12. 176l 02
43,804.95
27.21
72.289.31
221,412.49
1,605,739.78
5.02
308.41
7,146.02
24,586.85
164,083.77
174.66
80.48
83Ql48
82,873.05
5.02
1&14
8.418.99
17,273.50
6,769.67
29, 816. 7ff
202.65
121. 40
5, 879. 65
9, 86a 25
116,281.53
7,008.58
2,234.65
14.09
2,579.44
1,828,049.79
235.07
878,614.85
1,838.07
12,419.16
6,842.81
28,871.01
373.26
6,462.80
14,796.34
8,807.94
1.74
1,494.98
741,850.12
126.41
6,891.45
81.27
139.73
76,694.21
6,887,467.69
47.67
6,837,616.26
240
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Commerce of Bordeaux for the year 1887 — Coniiiined.
BXPOBT&
Articles.
Annot to, prepared
Aimo, flro
Ikkiiketa, willow
Brandy, tpiritn and liqnora
Cereala, grain and flour
Cheese
Chemical prodacta
Clocks and walches
Clothing (gsrme&ts)
Coal
Cocoa ,
Coffee ,
Corks
FAis,of all kinds
Feathers, for beddine, eto ,
Fish, sea, dried and In oil
Fruit, table
Fruit, preserved in sugar
Gums, pure exotic. t
Hats, felt
Bats, straw
Iron, cast, and steel
Jewelry, gold, silver, and plated ,
Mftuures
Meats, in boxes
Meats, salted
Oil-cake
Oil, pare
Oysters, fresh
Papor (cunl-board, books, and engravings).
Potatoes (dried and their flour)
Pottery (glass and crystal)
Hags ,
Ooi^al exports.
Quantity
(in metrical
quintals).
Kice
Robins (native)
Seeils (grain, for planting) ,
Skins (raw)
Skins (prepared)
Soaps ,
Sugars (raw and refined) ,
Sugars (special kinds>
Tissues (cotton, ribbons, and trimmings) .
Tissues (flax, rlbbonis and trimmings) . ..
Tissues (silk, ribbons, and trimmings) . ..
TlHfines (wool, ribbons, and trimmings) . .
Tobacco (leaf)
Tobacco (roanufnctured)
Tools (ana metallic works)
Toys.
Vegetables, green, aalted, and preserved.
Wiiies
Wool (common).
Wood works and furniture
Articles, not classified
Total
Gold and silver
Grand total
4,524
422
15,694
197, 110
40,719
4,659
47,905
307
7,490
1,048,058
11.804
0,941
5,230
15,942
2,430
172,342
174, 252
2,195
12,109
642
413
172, 471
130
84.410
8,458
7,028
70,478
72,804
11, 712
25.211
80,843
218, 875
15.020
88,t97
74,183
14
81,814
7.545
12, 701
40.233
3,380
31,921
4,314
103
9,200
7,800
3,217
38, 120
2,901
141,410
1,513.874
2, 540, 015
30.577
152, 758
7, 179, 570
325
Talne.
♦132,
112.
732,
4.440,
184,
123,
1.800,
779,
1,462,
283,
410,
. 277.
539.
248,
164.
8.000,
a. 719,
88.
775,
78.
151.
833,
6,099,
131,
153,
163,
101,
1,237,
220,
492,
13H,
890,
S52,
260,
807,
82,
1,278,
2,543.
88,
280.
80,
4,238,
131,
251,
2,820,
210,
302,
742,
411,
1.214,
26.671,
1,065.
300,
8.001,
704.29
419 99
173.10
016.76
216.57
209.66
937.44
590.50
037.21
108.31
764.78
318.01
859.21
810.97
319.90
815.86
574.19
950.80
870.04
408.20
305.70
284.17
388.01
002.42
621.08
831. 65
867.86
416.41
001.80
524.42
100.04
053.10
889.25
040. 85
907.95
267.76
318.25
232.41
870.52
129.85
701.00
440.38
350.85
986.69
103.84
758.89
853.12
400. 76
527.34
510.40^
285.04
714. 16
048.83
731.12
Special exports.
Quantity
(in metrloil
quintals).
7, 179, 805
75,739,982.90
1,230,27.'5.80
70. 970, a6& 70
4,487
79
12,501
182,253
9,147
8,124
47,408
87
7,437
549
1
2
1.791
14.128
2.430
156,108
172,264
2.157
11,619
837
840
121,126
16
84,410
2,508
2,734
70,478
64,174
12,712
22,771
80,828
218,863
16,245
10,505
74, 127
4.910
81,074
7,283
12,718
82.019
1,755
18,810
2,013
134
9,050
111
21,041
2,930
140, 967
1,490,412
2,545,017
30,170
131, 025
5.820,895
825
5. 821, 220
Talue.
$131,626.19
14, I8a 56
554.6;:9.89
4,287,067.12
.10,065l54
B4,4U73
1. 830, lOBw 73
21,184.07
1,437,^^591 20
137.80
21.80
61.95
307.343.37
221.644.31
154.319.90
2,453,772.86
2,681,156.77
87.421.28
7U. 512. 55
48,775.73
124,684.95
252. 716. 9(1
502,260.30
131,002.42
113,086.88
65,177.64
161.867.36
792.074.89
226, 061. 86
386.165.50
138. 030. 70
772, 8l>2. 74
251,416.06
70,960.12
307,006.28
80.651.06
1, 235. 316. 76
2,480,322.71
88,328.77
227, 737. 88
45. 497. 05
2, 081. 132. 51
65,111.25
198. C20. 93
2,767,256.90
13. 100. 84
681.598.55
407, 137. 55
1,205, 768. 66
26, 384, 949. 63
1,064,558.08
300. .^28. 60
2, 413, 559. 57
60,038,497.20
1, 230, 275. 80
62,168,773.08
United States Consulate,
Bordeaux^ Decemhtr 6, 188b.
Gbo. W. Roosbvklt,
Consul,
m.
EUROPE — FRANCE.
241
BOUIiOGNE-SUR-MER.
Importi at Boulogne for the year ending June 30, 1888.
DoscriptiosL
W(K>1en tiBsaes Mid ribbons
Wool and wool wante
Silk and wool waste ribbons, trinimiDf^s
Cotton tissaes, trimmings, and ribbons .
Yxruti of all kinds
Silk and silk waste
('l>K:k work
Corks
liidos and leather goods
Flax and hemp tissues, ribbons, etc
Fisb
Gutia-percha goods
Shells
Tools and goods (metallic)
Wood (common)
Bark
Horses
Coals
Machinery.... •«
Elephants' teeth
Clothes and sewn linen
Ind igo
Hough gntta'percha-
Buttons, fans, tojB
Paper, cartoons, books, and pictures . . .
Iron, cast-iron, and steel
Iron ore
Fresh and salt meat
Quantity.
Pounds.
6, 962, 200
24. 955. 400
3, 225, 'JOO
198.600
4. 587, 000
322,000
6.000
600
601,800
500,800
7, 069, 400
518.600
1, 195, 400
8, 036. 200
55, 80a, 600
603,200
1, 067, 400
227, 61t), 600
1, 770, 000
118, 200
158, 000
112,200
314.400
94.800
905,800
4,273,000
79,405,800
780, 400
Countries whence imported.
England, eto.
^ Do.
Do.
Da
Do.
Do.
Do.
Da
Do.
Do.
Da
Do.
Do.
Sweden and Norway and England and
the United States of America.
England, etc.
Do.
Da
Do.
Do.
Do.
Da
Da
Do.
Da
Da
Do.
Da
EaoporU from Boulogne for the year ending June 20, 1888.
Description.
Woolen tissues, trimmings, ribbons. .
Silk and silk waste, twines, trimmings,
tibbons
Skins and skin and leather goods —
Wines
Clock work
Yarns of all kinds
Toys, fans, ami buttons
Cotton twiue, ribbons, trimmings.... .
Silk and waste silk
Corks
Fruits
Rgs
H iisical instruments
Wools and wool waste
Furnituro
Pottery, glassware, crystal wares. . » .
£zss
Dyes (extrscts of wooil)
>lntjillio tools and ^oods
Building material
Chemicals
Paper, card-boar J, and engravings . .
Optical and mathematical instruments
Quantity.
Pounds.
15, 15<>, 600
350,
2.227.
10, 638.
763,
2, 005,
2. 298,
192,
251,
8, 529.
3,976,
1,556,
1,763,
2,187,
12. 237,
1.929,
1, 705,
533,
41, 955,
449,
700,
162,
000
000
200
400
200
600
600
600
600
600
800
600
000
000
000
400
200
800
800
600
200
800
Description.
Perfumery
Brushes
Basket-work
Horses
IlHir of all kinds
Ch»'ese ••
Green vegetables and preserved . . . .
Straw mats
Machinery
Hides (rough)
Glue
Ber
Fish
TruflBcs. fresh
liougb India rubber and gntta-perch
Jewelry
Potatoes and dried vegetAblet
Seeds
Game, poultry, and tortoise
Varuishos
Coals
Hams
Sundry
Quantity.
Pottiuft.
451,000
834.200
409,000
151.800
488,400
19,200
3,254,400
2,600
190,000
211,000
1,046,200
1,441,400
1,773,600
42,200
97,400
200
4, 669,(0 J
33fi,40J
68,400
141. 000
664,600
187, 400
14, 761, 800
10611 0 B 16
r
242 COMMEUCIA.. RELATIONS.
Imporlt and exports between BoulogHe-tur-Mer and the UMied States for ike year 18B7.
•
Artiolaa.
Coffee
Oils (sundry)
Wood for Duilding pur-
poaea
Pencils ( wooden)
Writing-paper
Books
Cutlery
Hou'«ekold floods (tin and
Iron)
Household ^ooda (nickel,
copper, Eino)
Toys
Imports.
Amount.
PoundM.
61,620
46,lu6
746.900
212
16
18
142
44
280
12
Duty paid.
Frane*.
48,064.00
1,384.00
148.00
0.88
266.25
2.55
140.00
8.60
ArtidM.
Cement •.
GloTee.
OU (poppy)
Pens (metallio)
Horace for breeding purpoaes
Om xetorta
Talne of
expMla.
91.941.00
0,162.00
719.00
130.00
5,634.00
18L0O
Navigation at the port of Boutogne-sur-Mer for the gear ending June 30, 1888.
Flag.
Entered.
Cleared.
Steamera.
SaUing veaaela.
Bteamen. -
Sailing Tenela.
Rnfflish
No.
1,240
1
ToriM.
876, 581
299
No.
* 18
53
9
8
1
3
3
108
Tont.
968
15, lU
8,732
1,349
71
1,178
211
7.695
No.
1,246
Tont.
881,761
299
No.
20
7
8
26
2
8
8
104
Ibtu.
5.247
Norweirian ......................
14,564
2,706
1,488
891
Swediith
Danish
German .........................
4
2,535
8
59
Russian
1,178
203
Butch
French
44
1
1
1
87,666
802
403
729
8,802
Belginn
Puriiieiieae
1
1
1
1
408
729
816
544
Spanish
Austrian
Italian
EiaLE Flageollbt,
Consular AgenU
United States Consular Agency,
Boulogne'Sur-MeTf Ootoberj 1888.
CAIiAIS.
Imports at Calais for the year ending June 30, 1888.
England : Tons.
Salt meat 151
Wool 16,743
Floss silk 130
Salt fish 36
Wheat 780
Oata 620
Sugar 2
Coffee 1
Tea 8
Cotton 74
Iron and steel 807
Beer 217
England— Continued. Tmia.
Threads 475
Tissues 354
Machinery 618
Coals 80^6*4
Pieiron 14,134
Silk 85
Jute 6,861
Yeast 451
Sweden, Norway Russia :
Lumber .' 64,411
loo 2,371
EUROPE — ^FKANCE.
. 243
^pwUfrom CaXaUfor the year emding June 30, 1888.
England:
KowU.^
If eat... .
Wool...
ftilk
Bsg»
Tons.
122
177
219
82
639
V^eUblesaDd fruit ]»477
Straw... , 11,127
Teut 2,842
VDglaiid>-Gontinaed : Tobb.
Oxen 281
Ban 152
Wfie -. 2,999
TissaM ],99'2
Baskets 2i3
Flowers 38
Sugar 862
Glass ^ 8,100
Jmporte and exporU between Calais and (he United States fitr (he year 1887-'88.
Articles.
Petroleum . .
I^ace
Itinc'n goods
Cbemicals . . .
Imports.
Tons.
10,000
Exports.
1018,071.25
4, €17. 73
1, 219. 87
Navigation at the part of Calais, France, far the year ending June 20, 1888.
Flaic.
French ....
British....
German....
Danish ....
Belgian....
Rassiao....
NorireKian
Siredisb ...
JEBntoTod.
Steamers.
No.
449
1,393
1
1
1
1
8
Ibns.
178,208
299,011
877
803
488
268
1,229
Sailing
No,
18
10
2
5
81
57
10
Tom.
2,887
1,888
556
1,072
9,770
17.888
2,947
Total.
No,
485
1,408
2
8
1
32
58
la
Tons.
178,509
800,870
568
1,449
903
10,208
17,900
<178
United States Coxsular Agency,
Calais, October I, 1888.
J. Ybndroux,
Consular Agent,
I>IBPPE.
RBPOBTBT CONSULAR AOBNT LEB0UBGB0I8, FOB THE TBAB 1887*88.
NAVIGATION.
The nayigation of the port of Dieppe for the year 1887-'88 is as follows:
The toDDage amounted to SX)5,812 tons against 938,106 of the preceding year. Most
of the vessels bore the English flag. Thetr tonnage amonnted to B65|056 tons ; Nor-
wegian and SweAish, 74,943 tons,
flteamers still oontlnoe to bring the greater part of wood.
IMPORTS.
The followiDg is a table of imports for the last five years:
Articles.
Wood Kilograms.
A rticles made from wuod . . do .
Wood pnlp do.
Iron and steel do.
Oau do.
lee do.
Htcbandtar do.
Whaleoil do.
Cod-llTeroll do.
1888.
107,855,000
2,905,758
22,335^772
974,150
10,385,110
4,720,477
3,417
1884.
122,404,232
2,312,000
18,818.523
18. 780, 000
4. 259, 000
15,977
1885.
95,115^280
493.811
10, 028, 385
11. 177, 078
290,200
4,068,008
9,132
17,853
1888.
91,179,000
820,357
18,505,271
213,500
1,428
264,000
2, 890, 150
108,587
80,890
1887.
106,308,881
29.:a2
14, 513, 216
18, 426, 970
223.812
400,000
3,961.008
157,119
7,286
244 • COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
There U a paaaenger eervioe between Dieppe and London by way of Newhaven.
There were 68,7d0 travelers this year against 78,846 of last year, a decrease of 10,066.
The YQssels belonging to the line ft'om Christiania, Norway, to Havre do not stop at
Dieppe any more.
SKA FISHBRIEd. _
The prodnct of the fishery in 1667 amounted to 2,086,994 francs, against 1,942,428.30
in 1886, viz :
FrMhflsb l.aCO, 340.85
Salt naokerel 128,«1&15
FrMb and Matherrlng ; 40,»2{LW
Kewfoaodland 121.108.00
T«tal a,088»W4.M
INDI^eTRIKS AND COMMBRCE.
The District of Dieppe contains factories for the roannfactnre of paper and wood
pulp, oil mills, factories for spinning and weaving of cotton, saw-milis, and manu-
factories of clocks and chronometers.
There has been very little change in the state of trade from the preceding year.
Only fishing boats are built at Dieppe.
The challc fh>m the cliffs is used to manufacture Spanish white, aud the pebbles on
the beach for making porcelain.
The work of improving the port still continues.
B. Lb Bourorois,
Contular AgenL
Umitbd Statbb Consular Aqbnot,
Diej^e, Ooioher, 1888.
DUNKIRK.
EXPORT OF CONSULAR AGENT MOREL FOR TBS TSAR 188t
The statistical reports for the year 1887-*88 show a small decrease in the inward and
outward traffic of the port of Dunkirk. Specially in its connection with the United
States the inward traffic has been almost exclusively limited to the import of about
25,000 tons wheat, 18,000 tons petroleum oil, which are far inferior quantities to those
shown in previous reports. I, however, understand the experience made by some oil
manufacturers in getting their oil carried by tank steamers via Calais is such that
this latter decrease can only be temporary. There has-been no import whatever of
American maize and molasses for the whole year, which is due to a serious difference
in the value of same articles from Black Sea, Germany.
The export principally consists in empty petroleum barrels^ some hundred oases of
pipes, wool-waste, coarse wool, etc, these latter ^oods, being sent via England for
want of regular steamers running between Dunkirk and the United State^. A very
small quantity of old rails has been exported this year, being the remainder of a con-
tract.
The general trade of imports is also lees important than in 1886-87, which, however,
is the consequence of an universal depression due to many different causes, which it
would be superfluous to enumerate ; out it is well to note that the |K)rt of Dunkirk
has comparatively been standing as well as possible such a bad state of things.
The import of wheat from India, Black Sea, Australia, aud United States has not
been so much affected by the rather high duty raised in order to proteot French agri-
culture as by the satisfactory crop in France. The prospects lor current year are
quite different, as the crop in France is expected to be most unsatisfactory. On tibe
other hand, the trade with the Black Sea has much increased, owing to large imports
in barley, oats, etc.
Over 65,000 tons of wool have been imported by many regular lines of steamers run-
ning between this port and the River Plate, which figure speaks by itself when we
consider tbat the whole wool imported into France six years ago was imported via
Havre and Antwerp. This trade had to be directed from those two ports in favor of
Dunkirk.
The large northern mannfactures of 'Soci^t^ Anonyms des Aci^ries de France,'
Socidt^ Anonyme des Hauts Fourneaux et Forges de Deoain et d'Anziu receive larj^
qimntiHes of pyrites and iron, the latter having exceeded 250,000 tons per annum.
Hut the most serious progress to note is the import of nitrate of soda : about 150,000
tons were brought this year, one-fourth of which is used for industry ana three-fourths
EUROPE — FRANCEL
245
for manure. Dnnkirk and Hambnrgcau now be considered the two principal markets
of tbe world. The figures as follows show the proportional part taken by this port in
the general import trwde for the year 1887 : Pyrites, 94 per cent. ; nitrate of soda. 90
per cent. ; wool, 86^ per cenl. ; oil-cakes, 77 per cent. ; tin ore, 09 per cent. ; barley,
(>1 per cent. ; molasses, 52 per cent. ; Jnte, flax, maize, and mineral oil, from 50 to 26
per cent; grain, iron ore, petroleum oil, less than 25 per cent.
This exjuains that, by taking as a basis the tonnage of goods imported, Dunkirk
keeps the fourth rank in France, coming after Marseilles, Havre, and Bordeaux, the
whole quantity of goods imported in 1887 amounting to 1,360,000 tons.
The export amounted only to 390,000 tons, couBisting principally of sugar, phos-
Ehate, slates, forage, iron, rails, etc. The rails are exported by the above-named firms
y quantities increasing every year, as the contracts passed between those manufact-
urers and foreign governments. Italy, Spain, Brazil are more important. The ex-
ports, although regularly increasing, are yet comparatively very small, and will not
get the desired extension until our Northern Railway Company feel disposed to re-
duce the high rates charged for carriage of goods, and thus enable this port to com-
pete with neighboring ports in Belgium, where the railway expenses are as low as
ours are high.
FAVORABLB BHIPPINO COl^DITIONB OF DUNKIRK.
The favorable situation of the port is not only due to the geographical position but
also to the continual efforts made by all interested parties, cnamber of commerce,
corporation of brokers, etc., which do not benitate in daily imposing large sacrifices
upon themselves to facilitate its improvement..
Tbe fact is that they are not only trying to induce merchants to get their goods
sent throngh this port by offering tbem all possible facilities, lightering free of ex-
penses all ships arriving here with a draught of water which does not allow them to
enter the port immediately on arrival, whenever sncn lightering should be borne by
the receivers of the cargo, by exempting from taxes tbe goods landed, remaining at
quay as long as practicable, etc., bat they also induce foreign ship-owners to give a
preference to this port, where the expenses are comparatively lower tl\an in any other
continental port, where there are no light or dock dues whatever, no expenses for
weighkig oarao, which is weighed bv official sworn weighers belonging to the town,
at merchantr expense, besides which all ships coming nere with the custom of tbe
port to discharge get thd most satisfactory dispatch, which never exceeds fifteen run-
ning days for largest ships.
The consequence is that, while some years since, Dunkirk was often excluded in
ebarter-parties, I am now aware of many owner -> of large vessels having agreed to
reduction upon the low freights to have their ships sent to this port.
The material improvement of the harbor has been snch that there is no fear even
for big ships coming in to run any risk. In the years 1886-'87, 75 ships drawing
from 21.4 to 23 feet (some over 23 feet) have docked without lightering, and when tbe
improvements are completed, that is in the course of the next two years, vessels of
any draught will be able to dock at once on immediate arrival without lightering.
Bbmj. Morbl,
dnuular Agent
Unitbd STATH6 CONSULAR Agbnct, DunkirJCf Ootohei^f 1888.
ImparU at Dunkirk for the year endingi June 30, 1888.
Deseription.
Animals
Cbe^M
Tallow
Hid<^s and akina.
Wool
Gvano
Codfish
Wheat
Mafse
(teta
Barley
Rioe
Drr vefretahlea
Dry fruiis
Gronnd nuts...
Oilseeda
Talne en*
tered.
$75,179
123,355
22,850.085
23,203
828,875
8,431,285
2,550,2«»
1,22^945
2, 8dl, 768
L9,34«
442, 528
4H9, 912
760, 530
5. 865, ti46
Amount of
datiea.
4 per
Free.
...do
....do
....do
, ...do
5 per
Free
3 per
Free.
....do
....do
6 per
Free .
— do
cent
cent.
cent.
cent.
Whence imported.
Netherlanda.
Holland.
England ; RiTer Plate.
River Plate ; Ruasia.
RlTer Plate; Aaatralla.
Chili.
Iceland.
East Indies; weat coast America)
AnntrMlia; Black Sea.
Danabe River PUte; United States.
Rasaia ; United SUtes.
Russia; Algeria.
East Indies.
Egypt; Algeria.
Ilalv ; Spain.
Ea4 Indies ; west cnaHt Africa.
East Indies; Russia.
246
COMMERCIAL B£LATIONS.
ImpmrU ol BamMrhfar ihs fear ending Jwne 30, 1886— Continued.
DtworipttoD.
IColMMt..
Tobaroo
Fish oil
Palm oil
Petroleum oil
Wood
Jate
Flax
Hemp
Oilcake f.
Minei-al ore
Coals
Nitrate of soda
Cement bricks ,
Gottoo in wool....
Pyritee
Yaloe en-
tered.
II, IIB, 843
100. ^J8
103,120
048,484
406,457
4,642,077
187,581
006,707
4,800,600
8,4()S,57»
6,006,006
1,271,007
Amonnt of
dtttiea.
do
Prohibited
OpercenI
Free
0 per cent....
Free
...do
do
Free
— do
>...do
. ...do ....••...
...do
...do
....do .........
...do
Whence laaported.
QermanT; Blaok Sml
East Indies I AfHoe.
United States; Newfoandlaad.
West coast AfHca ; 8eaegaL
United States.
United States; Baltic;
Bnssia; England.
Bo.
Rassia.
Russia; 0ennany.
Spain; PortngaL
Kn gland.
ChmT
England.
United States.
Spain; PortagaL
' Exports firom Dunkirk for the year ending June 30, 1886.
Description.
Ooano
Wheat floor
Brown sugar
Refined sugar
Oils
Straw forage
Oilcake
Old rags, wrappers
Slates
Coal
Steel rails
Potash
Glassware, crystal.
Jate yarns
liscbinery
Empty casks
Dry vegetablos . . . .
Wines
Tissues
Hardware
Metallic works ....
Toys
Yalne,
indading
costs and
charges.
♦W.801
210,808
158,681
1,000,784
445,026
200,536
14,082
1,687.360
404.886
804,005
06,078
141,108
36,407
213,058
1,708,336
60,000
48,843
Countries whither exported.
England; Netherlands.
England.
England ; Italy.
England.
England ; Netherlands. ^
Eoglsnd.
England; Germany; Sweden.
England ; United Statea.
England ; Germany.
England; Algeria.
Spain; Italy; Brssil; Algeria.
England.
Do.
England; Spain.
England.
England; United States.
England.
England; Russia.
England.
I)o.
Do.
Do.
Navigation at the port of Dunkirk for the year ending June 31, 1888.
German....
Aranrloan..
English....
Austrian ..
Belgium ...
Danish ....
S|MiniRh
French ....
r.rtvk
Dutch
1 Lilian
NorwegUu
Riiiwijin....
^SwclU!<h ..
Flag.
Entered.
Steamers.
No.
03
884
24
41
3
448
2
60
4
15
2
5
Tons.
44,700
*62i,'727
6,660
20,660
3,077
331. 024
2.051
12,609
7,030
0,031
l,nu2
2,791
Sailing Teasels.
No.
61
1
366
4
1
56
■ • • • >
561
10
19
72
11
22.
Tons.
17,519
1,476
111,684
2,076
42
8,050
■ • « « • ( * •
116,727
4,260
15,120
27,657
4,240
5,894
Cleared.
Steamera.
No.
87
841
20
40
4
455
2
55
3
10
2
5
Tons.
41,477
iii'ooi'
8,282
29,497
4,845
313,680
2. 061
10, 052
6.167
8,005
1,402
2,206
Sailing
No.
58
1
383
8
3
58
648
8
14
71
10
18
TOQS.
16.192
476
125^184
1,487
319
8,643
79,184
2.138
9.057
23. »>
4.275
5,031
EUEOPE — FRANCE. 247
HAVRK.
nSPOST BT 00N8VL DVFAIS FOB THE TBAB IsA
My last year]; report, No. 144, of March Id, 1888, gave sach a full description of the
port of fiavre tliat I have very little to add this year, excepting that tlie vast im-
provements then and already previoasly contemplated for this port and the estuary
of the Seine np to Ronen are still in $1atu quo.
The project was then, as it is now, to spend about 14,640,000 francs upon jmprove-
ment of the port and access thereto, and 3,260,000 francs for the improvement of the
river channel to Ronen, total of 19,900,000 francs.
Of tiiis amount the State was called upon to fnrpish 10,980,000 francs for the port of
Havre and 3,446,000 franca, for improvement of the River Seine. The remainder is to
be contributed by the department of the Seine inferieure, by the cities of Havre
(400,000 franca), Ronen (200,000 francs), and by the chambers of commerce (Havre,
2,49^000 francs ; Rouen, 709,500 francs). In other words, the government is to con-
tribute three-fourths and Havre and Ronen together one-fourth.
After many conferences of the authorities oi both rival cities and all.sorts of com-
mittees the present government adopted this plan and brought it before the Chamber
of Deputies which passed it, but being rejected by the Senate on the ground that the
cities of Havre and Rouen did not contribute enough, and that a corresponding tax
should be levied upon vessels and goods the project is again in abeyance until Cham-
ber and Senate can be brought to the same way of thinking.
Increasing harbor and other dues over and above what they are now would drive
away trade already trammeled by the monopoly of the Western Railroad of France,
the only means besides the river of couimunication with the interior and foreign coun-
tries.
The plan of improving the port of Havre is as follows :
(1) The construction of a vast tidal receiving basin for refuge accessible at any
stage of the tide for vessels drawing 8.80 meters, or 29 (eet.
(z) Dredging a deep channel, guarded against encroachment of sand or mud in the
estnary of the Seine.
(3) Preservation of the present deep entrance or forming a new one elongated in
the same direction.
(4) Dredging a new channel as well inside as outside, approaching the port so that
the largest vessels may freely pass, in the beginning at least during six hours of each
tide and afterwards at any hour.
(5) Modification of the tidal basin and of the entrance to the Basin del 'Enre so that
the steamers of the Transatlantic Company may leave or enter without loss of time or
danger, nor interfere with vessels frequenting other docks.
(6) The construction of a half-tide basin accessible during at least six hours each
tide for vessels drawing 8 meters (26 feet 3 inches), and* at any time for such drawing
5 meters (16^ feet), which form the majority of trading-vesels frequenting this
port.
(7) Construction of jetties, permitting the largest vessels taking refuge or calling
for orders,
(8) Reservation of necessary room to construct future docks accessible to vessels of
the greatest draught at any time of the tide.
The improvement of the navigation of the lower Seine is planned as follows :
(1) Forming a channel in the estuary of the Seine, lighting and buoying it to make
it safe by day or night.
(2) Deepening the channel by means of dredging and diking, so as to permit vessels
drawing 7 meters (23^ feet) and 5 knots speed to reach Rouen on the same tide, with
the prospect of a further dredging to 8 meters (26 feet, 3 inches). *
A great improvement has been adopted in the discharging of vessels, particularly
such as arrive cotton-laden. For half a century cotton has been weighed out of the
ship on one scale only; consignee and ship having each a clerk present taking
weight, whilst now two scales are being employed, so that from 1,000 to 1,200 bales
may be weighed out in one day.
VITAL STATISTICS.
The population of Havre has not been counted since 1886, when it was found to
have been 112,074 exclusive of garrison sailors; it is now probably in the neighbor-
hood of 114,000.
Births in 18d8: males, 1,901 ; females, 1,786; total, 3,687; total in 1887, 3,616.
Deaths, in 1688: males, 2,197; females, 1,760; total, 3,957; total in 1887, 3,703.
Marriages: in 1888, 993; in 1887, 944.
Divorces : in 1888, 45 ; in 18d7, 33.
248
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
The death-rate in 1888 was 35.3; at Honfleur, 28.7; at CaeD, 31; at TrouviUo-
Deauville, 24.3; at Fecamp, 22.5, per 1,000.
Havre being mostly bnilt on a flat plain at the foot of the Heights of logon ville,
(la c6te) the slope being covered with dwelling-houses, with very defective or uo
drainage at all, the soil of the town Is more or less saturated with anhea]th3' matter;
hence at times an nnnsual amount of typhoid fever. Continual improvements, how-
ever, particularly in the water supply, are tending to ameliorate the sanitary condi-
tion of the city.
DUTIES.
The customs duties collected at Havre (including 307,870 francs for navigation
dues, 148,300 francs for statistical dues, and 32,700 francs for duty on salt) were
10,2^5,000 francs, against 9,498 700 francs in 1887, and 9,169,300 francs in 1886.
The octroi duties, or tax on articles entering the town for consumption, levied by
the city, amounted to 715,336 francs, against 747,000 francs in 1887, boowing an aver-
age of 6iV)r franoB per head.
INDUSTRnCS.
The Soci^t^ des Forges et Chantiers de la M€diterran6e, which, in their ship-
building and war-material yards combined, employ about 3,000 men, launched during
1888 a cargo-boat of 2,500 tons, 3 torpedo-boats, for the Roumanian Government ; acd
8 iron barges, of considerable tonnage. Tliey had under way 2 iron-dads, of 4,000
tons each, for the Greek Government, and 3 cargo-boats of 3,000 tons each. They
delivered 12 cannon to the war and 38 to the French navy departments, 94 for
Greece. 3 for Spain, and 5 for Japan ; and in the second half of the year had under
way 90 cannon and 3 mi trail lenses.
The yard of Aug. Normand & Co. constructed 5 torpedo-boats of 60 tons each. It
is to be remarked, that whilst three torpedo-boats constructed for the French Gov-
ernment in other yards were lost at sea, those coming from Normandfs yard have
proved themselves good sea-going boats, properly balanced.
A large steam flouring mill has been completed here, which, for want of proper
capital, had to change hands, and is now in successful operation.
The sugar refinery of Acher &, Co., which had been shut down for a .very long
time, has recommenced working.
BMIGKATION.
The annexed table will show an increased erai^ation, not so much t'O the United
States as in that to the Argentine Republic ; the increase being almost entirely in the
French nationality, owing to the assistance given to emigrants by the Argentine Gov-
ernment.
Emigraiifin from Havrs,
MATIOKAUTT.
Frenoh
OeriDftDS
Alsace and Lorraine
SwiM
Americans ,
ItAliaus
Aastrians
BnzUsb
Belgians
Spanish
Bnssians
Tnrks
Qreeks
Yarious
Total
Men
Women...
Children..
Narslings.
Total
SBX.
1885.
2,018
1,507
1.283
5,071
672
5,848
118
115
90
421
17, U3
11, 018
3,898
1,655
572
17,143
1888.
18,047
11,814
4,669
1,952
512
18.9i7
1887.
2.892
4; 554
8,802
4,922
4,127
7,040
743
567
6.619
11,015
217
528
453
197
208
356
49
76
109
160
74
456
72
200
82
140
30,220
19,324
7,086
2,^12
898
30.220
1888.
10.628
2,730
2,6-20
619
10. 444
499
3-.»fi
1,112
386
234
304
338
38.525
22.576
9.A)tf
4.4x0
1,657
38^525
EUKOPE-^FRAKCE.
249
Emigration from ITatTe— Cod tinned.
1886.
1M6. •
1887.
1888.
DKBTUtATION.
Brasll ,
838
128
2,734
187
15,397
83
81
89
676
219
4,278
107
24.548
4
482
7
692
Canada
* 320
^rseiitineReviiblio
12,274
Uuitcxl States of Colombia :
16
United Stateaof America
24, 877
United States ofVeneaofla
Uragnay - ^.-
310
Other oonntriea...... ^
/
18,947
80.820
38,525
Cotton imports.
Whenoe.
TJnit^ Stetee..
BraEil..:
East India
Oth«r coantries
Total....
188&
Imports.
Bdtet.
413, 549
3,097
53,725
19, 118
489, 489
Deliverlea
BaUt.
408, 603
5.60.3
110, 868
22,468
556,632
Stock,
Deo. 31.
BaU:
84,618
2,000
26,463
2,093
116,104
1887.
Imports.
Balet.
486,854
0,050
142, 213
23,758
661,875
Deliveries.
BaUt.
509.642
10, 016
111,775
24,278
665,736
Stock,
Deo. 31.
Balet.
79. 702
4,506
92,606
6.343
183. 247
The salient feature of the above table is the falling off in the importation of East
India cotton in 1888 from that of the previous year, which is to be ascribed to the
relative cheapness of American cotton.
Coffee imports.
Descriplion.
Brasil Imri-.
Hajti do...
Porto Rico do...
Puerto Cabollo and La Guajra. do. .
East India do...
Gnatemala. Mona, eto do. . .
Total
Casks
188a
Imports.
476, 117
524, 256
49, 170
80,516
46,430
129, 585
1, 315, 133
2,809
Deliveries.
558,621
463,880
59.086
122, 310
78, 439
174.943
1, 458, 179
8»101
Stock,
Deo. 31.
173, 258
140. 311
3,284
12,186
29.381
5,896
864,816
1,423
1887.
Imports.
495,369
273,511
22,784
166,848
64,420
164,721
1. 187, 658
2,321
Deliveries.
751,904
209,101
25.072
140,700
67.816
124,106
1,408,699
4,585
Stock,
Deo. 3L
255,702
70,036
14. ino
44,&80
61.300
51, 254
507,102
906
Coffee, for which Havre is the leading; market in Europe, presented, during the
year 18a8, remarkable fluctuations. The stock, which at one time in 1885 rose to
1,^14,000 bags, gradually fell in 1886 to 728,000, and in 1888 to 300,000 bags; in March
the price had declined to 62 francs for stundard Santos, rose in April to 80 francs;
was 73 francs at the end of June, and with variations rose at tie beginuiug of
December to 111 francs, closing with the year at 98 francs.
r-
250
COHMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
Sid$impifrU,
BeaeriptloB.
Hirer Plate aod Rio Qrande, dry
KiverrlAte, iMlt«d
Kio (>rando
Bnixil
South 6eA
United StAiM
Various
Total
Horse hides
1888.
Imports.
28,168
203,070
70.087
211.040
Ti, 120
800
60,868
729.660
17,2a0
DellTeric
87,778
801,100
177.080
271,460
81,111
1.075
07,815.
877,880
16^301
Stook,
DecSL
20,114
61,010
27,600
13,322
1,400
10.040
130, 078
8,688
1887.
ImportB.
68,884
186,408
185. 2N
278, OM
105,881
8,240
04,706
860,861
8,500
Detiveriea.
88,601
100,604
02,188
264,885
100,442
8.071
80.780
701. 061
18^074
Stock,
Dee. 81.
40,720
07.cn
^448
08^023
11,290
275
18,008
280.503
Description.
Wool import9.
Baenos Aj'res bales
]^lantovideo and Entre Rios . ..do.
Pern and Obilt do.
Kasaia do.
Other oountiies do.
ToUl
Shoep and lamb skins do .
188a
Imports.
24,960
2,472
3.364
1.373
8, 564
85,733
53
Deliveries.
23,320
3,682
3,747
3,525
6.943
41, 21(1
86
Stock,
Deo. 31.
18,166
Imports.
12,501
<110
4,711
5,247
0.854
83,420
170
1887.
XMlrsHes.
11,058
8^486
6^008
3,076
0,303
83,215
107
6t4»ck.
DecSL
18,748
Wool manafaotarero being mostly ia the north of France, they draw iheir direct
supply principallv by the port of Dunkirk. Importations this year from Baenoo Ayres
have donhled, while those from Montevideo have greatly fallen off; oaoh wool as
well as Russian being supplanted by Baenos Ayres wool.
Price of wool for forwanl delivery has been qaoted, January 1, 1888, 150 franco per
100 kilograms ; July 1, 160 franco, and December 31, 167 franco.
Other imports.
Articles.
188L
18R2,
1888.
1884.
1885.
1800.
1887.
1888.
Lard tons..
I*rov1slonB* do
Wheat... .......do....
13,985
12,642
8,002
2,660
0,457
808
8,703
2,075
152, 145
10; 040
0,823
765
47,467
25,860
18,030
1,871
80,820
24,086
22,048
1^072
1.218
150,872
27,140
11,553
0,878
84,700
2,728
8,003
303
10,586
201,248
6,2O7,50(K
1,140,040
10; 133
1,257
105.490
17.055
31 951
Indian com do....
Suifnrt. ..........do...
Cocoa do....
10,041
01 598
I) ve- woods do....
Rice do....
6.301
4.204
630
Pig-iron do....
•••••■•*■•
Steel do....
Palm-oil do ...
13,722
Petroleum . . . .barrels. .
844,103
351,085
207,417
6,154,000
205^.'^
8.881,500
Wine gallons..
K Icohol .......... do ... .
774.000
* No provision's from tfie ITnited States.
t Increase in imports of sugars mostly from the French oolonii
EUROPE — PRANCE.
251
Sntranoet and elearancet by flag, at Havre, of Bteamers and Bailing vesseU, laden,
SNTXBED.
FUg.
188S.
French ...^....^
Qenoan
Fnlted States
EngliBh
Aiutrian
Belgian
Danish ^
Spanish
Dutch
ItaHan
Norwegian
Portagaeso)
Kiiasian
Swedish
Mexican
Varlons
Total
Ko.
658
223
IS
1,138
20
5
80
54
73
67
173
22
18
72
11
1
2,564
Ton*.
671,206
249. 292
17,531
716, lU
12,288
4,99T
16,561
35,440
81,390
84,514
82,357
7,945
6,171
25,399
288
1,946,500
1880.
No,
680
245
24
1,092
8
4
83
69
70
27
181
10
21
60
1
1
2,426
Tont.
656,300
277,024
85,846
734,422
5,553
2,441
16,955
70,183
30,845
16,466
61,287
4,486
7,675
83.242
2,278
140
1,955,093
1887.
1888.
No.
655
257
24
1,093
9
6
41
76
80
20
165
15
22
62
8
2,427
Ion«.
651,190
313,934
33,775
761,664
8,401
6,188
18,007
77,285
36,361
14, 811
78,169
7,821
7,995
37,596
2,648
2,039,845
No,
686
270*
17
1,162
4
8
44
96
77
22
102
10
26
65
2,489
Tom.
656,064
841,407
21,826
800.516
1,626
4,280
16,501
107.890
33,951
12,639
69,125
4. MX)
9,192
29,339
8,983
2,113.129
CLEARED.
FMneh
German
iTnited States.
Great Britain.
Austrian
Belgian
Danlah
Spanish
Dutch
Italian
Nmrwegian ...
Portnguese . . .
Russian
Swedish
Mexican
Yarions
Total
524
190
5
504
10
2
24
44
68
1
55
.23
7
49
12
1,518
568.759
540
227.001
206
4.875
5
298.849
480
7,370
6
3.064
1
14, 175
27
28,296
51
30,834
66
109
3
28,859
58
8.434
10
1,992
9
24,174
48
27,336
1
1
1, 274, 127
1,512
697,910
540
261. 923
210
5,711
9
292.103
472
5,034
7
201
5
15,144
46
50,743
68
81,344
72
1,280
8
80,8 9
58
4,536
16
4,059
8
24,547
49
2,278
140
8
1, 327, 262
1,672
682,428
506
286,581
244
16,237
4
814. 152
459
6,200
2
6,165
2
17,980
57
68.788
78
32,886
71
4,770
4
28,686
52
7,811
9
2,346
9
26,784
48
2,565
1,501,876
1,642
682,068
826,650
4,796
209.054
979
3,589
18.739
83,510
80.045
1,446
26,136
4,401
8,712
20,716
454
1,506,296
Sieamera €md Bailing veeeeU entered and cleared ai Havre in 1888.
STEAM £ RS*
Year.
1879
1880
1881
1882
1888
1884
1886
1886
1887
1888
French flag.
Earopean coun-
tries and distant
navigation.
Coastwise.
Foreign flagsi
No,
522
527
624
804
999
1,081
1,031
1,02]
934
900
Tont.
530, 941
564,113
656.958
911.860
1. 188, 372
1,264,210
1. 193. 188
1. 217. 189
1,288,795
1,204,545
No,
3,030
3,094
8,152
8.454
3.358
.3, 368
3.293
3,466
3.660
8,696
Tont.
354,520
366,826
888.224
396.386
447. 626
457.604
517. 862.
540.832
600,438
743,568
No.
2,557
8.092
8.003
2,056
3.096
2,877
2,806
2,759
2,035
8,128
Tone.
1,066,597
2,062,454
2, 105. 831
2, 045, 105
2, 159, 769
1, 944, 554
1,994,845
2, 058, 843
2,245,968
2,487,397
TotaL
No.
6,509
6,718
6 779
7.214
7.453
7,326
7.129
7.246
7,417
7,724
Tom.
2.841,058
2, 993, 393
8,151,013
8, 353, 361
3, 795. 767
3.648,368
3. 705. 895
8.816,864
4. 135, 201
4.475,504
SAILING YESSELS.
1P79
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1883
1886
1887
1888
185,385
165,050
152, 135
129. 213
118,137
116,665
117,000
109,952
100,382
94,796
211,235
2,133
248,327
2,118
258. 089
1,948
199, 775
1,642
188, 134
1,231
202,880
1.203
250,657
1.071
267, 788
922
271,330
977
313, 873
867
1, 115, 185
6,876
1, 109, 932
6,104
974, 843
5.702
865,666
4, 02-»
567.826
4,417
664,475
4,314
582,900
4,200
540,035
8,053
505,493
4,500
460,307
4,202
1.511,805
1, 524, 815
1. 385, 067
1, 104. 654
874,097
083,010
050, 577
017, 775
067,205
868,976
I
252
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Tranapartation hif river and railroad.
1879.
1880.
1F8L
1882
1H«J.
188».
)68'>
18S6.
18n7.
1888.
Rirer Seine.
Tons.
177,884
171, 816
164,611
167. 610
162,009
164.632
168,152
171. 166
174,963
SAilnMd.
▲rriyala.
232,964
M3,795
289,478
378.328
279.538
280.042
265,829
269.276
301,762
299,826
Skhipmeata.
986.491
1,182,679
926.806
936,226
847,860
820,387
772,690
644,159
685,320
681.054
Totot.
1.229,455
1« 386, 474
1,215.784
1.214.554
1,127,393
1, too, 4:^9
1,038), 519
913,435
087,082
980.880
VesBeh <noned at Havre on December 31 of the following yoare.
Year.
1R79
1880
18HI
18^2
1883 y
1884
1«85
18iJ6
1887
1888
Steamers.
No.
90
103
130
153
179
185
171
170
168
169
Tont.
55.412
62,009
78,361
123,123
153,348
161,718
143, 176
146.839
146.261
158,477
SiOIen.
^0.
192
183
183
178
165
166
174
177
177
167
Tom.
57.784
48.548
44,481
40,580
36.087
30.771
37, 143
40.256
88.004
81,808
ToUl.
No.
282
286
313
331
344
851
845
847
845
336
Tons.
113. 196
110.557
122,^832
163,703
188,435
198,484
180,310
187.095
184,265
185,285
Veaeele registered at Havre,
Year.
1879.
18W).
1881.
1882.
1883.
1884.
1885.
1886.
1887.
1888.
Freoch oonstmction.
Steamer.
No.
4
3
14
15
11
7
3
4
6
Tons.
3,268
652
5,090
23,502
11,967
2,871
58
12,248
6,977
SaU.
No.
6
1
4
5
4
5
8
3
4
2
Tons.
230
6
66
359
80
644
784
561
25
26
Foreign constnioUon.
Steamer.
•
No.
Tons.
No.
2
2.081
8
10
5,820
7
16
12,783
4
18
24.460
6
16
15,959.
2
11
4,801
6
8
536
6
2
110
6
3
2,255
6
6
6,867
8
Sail.
Tons.
1,823
1,054
648
403
26
4,828
1.565
5,520
785
850
TotaL
No.
30
21
38
44
83
29
20
IS
12
Tons.
6.902
7,531
18,586
48,814
28,032
12,144
2,963
18,434
8,065
14,720
Ukitbd States Consulate,
Havre, September 4, 1889.
F. F. DUFAIS,
Con$uh
ROUEN.
REPORT BY CONSUL WILLIAMS FOR THE YEAR 1888.
Commercial rivalry between Rouen and Havre. — The chambers of commeroe in France
exorcise much influence over legislation, although the interests of one seotton often
conflict with those of another. Such a strife has existed for a long time between the
ports of Havre and Rouen, the former a coast port, the latter an interior port acces-
sible by the Seine. The appropriations for the improvement of these harbors and their
approaches have been jealously watched by the business men of both cities, Tlie re-
EUROPE — ^FRANCE. . 253
»
8nU baa been, wbat migbt have been expected from snob a policy, great delay, mncb
loss on acooant of iiDfinishod work, washed away and destroyed by the elements, and
navigation more or less Jeopardise^.
Havre has bnt one outlet by railway, and that leads to Roaen. Rouen has diverg-
ing lines in every direction connecting with its qnays, and equal facilities of water
communication, and is 56 miles nearer Paris thau Havre, and vessels can come up the
river as quickly and reach their docks as they can enter the interior basin at Havre.
After a long and bitter controversy the wise conclusion has been arrived at that
port. Much of the credit of this arrangement
directed efforts of the pr^fet of the Seine-Inf^rienre, who acted the part of an in-
telligent and unprejudiced arbitrator, and had the confidence of both parties.
Harbor improvements. — The general bill provides for the improvements of the ports
of Havre and Rouen. The whole sum to be expended is 96,150,000 francs, of which
the State is to pay 72,112,500 francs, to be advanced by the chambers of commerce
the two cities proportionally and repaid in fifteen years. The city of Rouen, in
addition, subscribes 100,000 francs, the chamber of commerce 3,547, 180 francs, and the
general assembly of the department 500,000 francs, to the whole project.
The improvements of the Seine will consist of alterations of the bed and repairs
and extensions of the dikes, and dredging, to be completed in nine years, and provide
22| feet of water at neap, and 27§ feet at spring- tide to vessels ascending the Seine.
The slip of 90 meters (295 feet) in length will be able to accommodate a vessel of
394 feet in length and will probably be completed this year.
The petroleum basin is nearly completed and a portion is already available. The
layine of rails on the quay follows steadily the completion of each section ; 2,470 feet
have been laid on the right, and 2,618 feet on the left, bank of the river since my last
report.
The new stone and steel bridge replacing the suspension foot bridge between the
maritime and river basins wasnnished and thrown open to the public this year, and
is a strong and well-finished structure, and greatly relieves the pressure of traffic
hitherto confined to one bridge.
Harbor dues and ouatoms receipts. — The chamber of commerce, in view of these
proposed reforifis, has modified its tariff as follows: The mole dues are fixed at 40
centimes (8 cents) per registered ton for all vessels passing Fatonviile, and the port
has fixed it at 35 centimes (7 cents) for all vessels passing the kilometriqne post.
The increase last year in custom receipts amounted to 4,556,084 francs, exclusive of
navigation dues, the whole amount received being 23,722,415 francs. The octroi
dues were 3,934,275 francs, an increase over the previous year of 10,465 francs.
Peti-oleum, — There has been an apparent falling off in the receipts of petroleum,
but in reality as much as usual has arrived, as several vessels have discharged their
cargoes of this article in whole or in part at Havre.
The freight on petrolenro has ruled low, varying from 1». 6(i. to 2«. 6d. ster-
ling per barrel. It suddenly advanced to 5 shillings per barrel, which accounts for
the fact that for the first time in several years quite a number of American vessels
have arrived and are en route for Rouen.
Export of horses to the United Slates. — There have been large shipments of horses for
breeding purposes to the United States, and these horses have been uniformly selected
with thn great-oet care and must tend to materially improve the breed in America.
A herd-Dookof the pure Norman breed has been recently published, and off'ers facil-
ities TO stock purchasers for obtaining this most vuluable breed of cattle, better
adapted to many parts of our country tlian many others which receive more notice.
A census of horses was taken during the year in the department of the Seine In-
f^rieure; the total number was 85,969. There were in the arrondissemeut 20,144 and
in the town of Ronen 2,623.
Births and deaths* — The births last year were 2,997 ; deaths, 3,767 ; marriages, 772 ;
divorces, 26. The excess of deaths over births was less than in the former year, when
the difference was 1,082.
Emigration. — Emigration is very small, as extreme poverty does not exist to any
extent, and the French of Normandy do not care to leave it.
Cattle food. — Some efforts were made to introduce American preparations of cattle
food, but were not followed np, as they should be to insure success. It is certain
that if they would bear investigation they would meet with success.
Cotton industry, — The. cotton and other industries have been affected by the fluctu-
ations in raw materials more than anything else, and have in some instances been
obliged to curtail working hours, bnt rarely to suspend operations entirely. The ef-
fect of the partial destruction of crops in Algeria by grasshoppers is sensibly felt in
this market, where a large supply of cotton prints are manufactured solely for that
market.
Crops. — The grain crop of this cousnlate is very important, and has been affeoled
by the cold and wet weather which prevailed during the summer months.
254
COMMfiBCIAL RELATIONS.
The winter wheat when threshed will show a grain ahriveled, and q^nch inferior
in quality and quantity to the nsnal erop. The estimate of shrinkage is difficult to
determine, and studious efforts are made to underestimate it.
The root crop and second hay crop, as well as a larf^e portion of the first crop pre-
served hy ensilage, will supply in a great measure the deficiency caused by continuous
rain-falls during ti^e season for gathering the hay crop.
The yield of apples is fair. The area devoted to orchards is very large, and the
crop is considered second in importance to no other. Very few apples ai-e coltivated
for the table, as the French remain in blissful ignorance of the adaptability of the
apple to any other use than that of making cider.
Some shipments of table apples were made from Canada and the United States,
which met with ready sale among the English and American residents.
ExclHBian of American pork. — ^JSfforts are continued to exclude American pork, and
the English pork is so closely scrutinized to detect any American traits as to interfere
with its sale. Pork raising is on the increase, but the quality does not improve, nor
can it until the French can find a cheap substitute for our Indian oom.
BXrORTS.
• The exportation of hogs' bristles and brushes fh>m this consular district increases,
and I can not accouut for this unless it is true that inferior flesh produces superior
bristles.
The several exports from this consular district show a slight increase, probably owing
to greater efforts and concssions to make sales, as this district supplies only a smaU
quantity of similar goods which are furnished by Germany, England, and Belgium tn
our country, and none of which could not as well be manufactured in the United
States.
Indian oom. — ^The additional tax upon Indian oom is not perceptibly felt at this
port, where the arrivals are principally for distillation, which is exempt from addi-
tional duty.
Wine. — This port is materially affected by the rupture of the commercial treaty of
France with Italy, as many cargoes of Italian wines were landed, and others reshipped
to Paris for mixing with French wines; but already a substitute has been found in
dried currants anaraisins, of which many cargoes have arrived from Greece and the
islands pf the Archipelago.
Chas. p. Wuxiamb,
Coneul,
United Statbs Consulate,
Bouen, October 16, 1688
Declared exports from the oonaular dietriet of Rouenf Franeot to the United Staie$f durin§
the year ending June 30, 1888.
Articles.
Brnshea and bristlM ,
Cheaiioals
Flax
Furniture
Gloves
Horses for breeding purposes
Laces and tulles 1..
Ladies' dress goods
Rags.
Upholstery goods
Woolen cloth .
Woolen waste,
fiuudhes
Total in U. S. gold
Total the preceding year.
Decrease
Increase
1887.
Third quar-
ter.
$9,524.12
11.590.46
83,66L0O
6,009.00
85, 434. 00
284, :)04. 58
25. 688. 67
21, 705. 00
13, 873. 76
72. 33i. 00
314. 040. 00
82, 166. 00
115, 007. 12
1, 074. 334. 74
687, 700. 79
386,633.92
Fourth quar-
ter.
$12, 903. 20
9, 232. 80
17, 448. 00
17, 116. 00
198, 632. 84
26, 735. 66
24, 989. 36
25, 015. 91
96, 643. 00
82, 018. 00
112,520.00
38, 837. 60
662, 690. 87
714.263.18
51, 672. 26
1888.
First quar-
ter.
$11, SSL 08
6.64&15
68,110.00
14,234.00
8,763.00
497, 991. 16
80,062.08
13, 701. 57
84, 819. 87
54.796.00
187. 220. 00
179.745.00
46,619.49
1, 1 >8, 448. 85
1, 142, 822. 06
8,873.21
Second quar-
ter.
$4,884.65
7,634.50
86,818.00
20,4T7.00
80,000.00
885, 111. 16
45,067.77
6,617.61
38,767.89
41. 879. 00
83.464.00
118,599.00
54,894.65
921,105.23
908, 777. 14
12,328.09
Value (in
IT. S. gold).
ft.
169,
1,3«3,
265^
667,
493.
»5,
64S.05
105.91
676.09
477.00
009.00
197.00
439^24
544.18
918.54
476^93
140.00
360.00
090.00
858L86
8, 796. 579. 66
8,463,068.12
848,516.54
Ik
EUROPE — GERMANY.
255
ST. BTIENNB,
Dtelared value of exp6rt$ from the consular district of 8t. Etienne to the United States
during the four quarters of the year ending June 30, 1888.
Attiolei.
Braids
BvUoiw
Cotton icood«...
Elastic ribbons.
QIOTM
Llqaors
Nnts
Silk and Telret ptooe goods.
Silk and mix<sd ribbons
Velvet ribbons
BoBdrios
Total for preceding year.
Inerease
Qnarter ending-
Sept 80, 1887.
$27,435.86
3,858.83
8,750.71
267, 867. 23
4, 670. 25
4.202.08
107, 756. 68
6,604.74
033.04
616,666.02
460, 805. 43
46, 771. 40
Deo. 81, 1887.
125.008.03
555.74
18,807.81
02&55
181, 771. 65
8. 260. 45
0.666.63
24. 310. 71
2,80a02
107.625.06
10,142.24
634. 17
890,665.76
874,012.31
16»653.46
Mar. 81, 1888.
$33,320.78
1,816.65
783.60
838, 608. 70
2,332.77
6,143.60
6,065.83
807. 035. 10
6,401.78
225.10
605. 624. 03
5ia 061. 26
87,862.77
Jane 80, 1888.
833, 76.'). 76
8,645.00
468.53
108k 673. 66
418. 61
7,657.03
7,764.81
11.870.07
256,742.03
5,078.06
800.44
435, 371. 03
286,281.60
140,000.24
Total for the
year.
$110,
13,
5.
807,
10.
27,
32,
21,
860.
28.
2,
553.83
875.22
807.81
040.30
421.24
601.08
560.48
075.55
644.81
050.86
406.77
1^.65
1.048,328.64
1,648,250.60
800, 077. 05
UNITKD STATK8 COMMERCIAL AOENCT,
St. Etienne, July, 1888.
Daniel Coleman,
Commercial Agent,
GERMANY.
Values of merchandise imported for consumption into the German customs territory during
calendar year 1888.
▲rticlea.
Aainals
Seeds and plants for seed, food, and gardening.
Manure and waste materials
Fatl
Food and other articles of oonsomption
▲nlmal food :
Baw and simply prepared articles of
consomptlon
Mannikotnres
Cereals and other farinaceons articles of
food:
Baw materials
Manufactores
Frait, Tegetables, f^resh and dried
Spices, table aalt, ice-cream ,
CoiTee sod colfee substitutes, ooooa, tea:
Baw material*
Manufactures
Sugar, sirup, and molasses
Fermented beverages
Comfits, preswTss, and other fine articles
of consumption
Tobacco and tobacco manufkctures ;
Baw materials
Manufactores
Industry of fats, fixed oils and mineral oils .
Baw materials
Manufactures
Baw materials and products of chemical and
pharmaceutical industry
Baw materials:
Baw materials of chemical industry
X>rn£;s for medicinal purposes and
for perfumes
•Tons
Qusntlti^.
1888.
Ton*.*
151, 472
140 808
035.030
8, 012. 282
2,846^377
257,001
43,570
1,851,007
171,624
814,438
85,018
127,001
1,816
7.783
88,257
8,130
42,477
1.208
1, 040, 800
351,001
608,700
1, 054, 218
408,015
10,776
of 22 cwts.
1887.
Tom.*
166,656
112,770
740, 722
7, 620, 036
8, 184. 425
260,718
60,575
2,140,877
187. 887
244.822
80,688
114,127
1.664
7,165
82,250
2.488
41,015
1,240
033,803
207,000
635.034
015,834
407,708
0,263
Total ralne.
1888.
$87,048,000
10, 188, 000
10,283,000
16,808,000
178,806,000
22,721,000
11,154,000
46.088,000
8,886,000
12, 458, 000
4. 400, 000
43, 680, 000
800.000
501,000
10,824,000
044,000
14,118.000
2, 644, 000
51. 183, 000
18.801,000
82,845.000
57,707,000
15, 527, 00«
8.711,00(1
1887.
$88,708,000
6,600,000
14,871,000
12,488,000
101, 281. 000
28,400,000
U. 847, 000
64,504,000
0,132,000
15,105,000
4,276»000
42,677,000
371,000
512, 000
10, 711, COO
1, 033, 000
15.805,000
2, 716, 000
4],8l5,0i0
15, 613, 000
26,202,000
52,244,000
10,000,000
4,456,000
256
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Values ofmerchandiae imported for consumpUon to German (Msioms territories, etc-^^onVd.
▲rtlolfla.
lUw mateiiAls and proclaoU of chemical
and phflrniBcen tioal indaatrv^Continaed :
Beaios, waate for makuig glue
Ferments and finings
Kaw dje-stufb
Tanning stoiDs, raw
liannractores:
Simple substances, Vaaea, acids, and
satta ■
Ether and rolatile oila, medicinea
andperfomes
Kesin oils, varnishes, lakes, glutens .
Explosive and priming goods
Pitch, tar, and distillates of tar
StatJonerT, colors
Baw materia] and manufactures of asbostus,
stone, clay, and glaas industry
Earths and stones, glaas waste
Asbestos articlee
8tone>vare
Clay and china ware
Glass-ware
Baw materials and mannfactores of metal
Industry, except macbinea, instrumeuts,
and apparatus
Orea
Kaw metals, not procions, also coined. . .
Iron warea :
Bimply worked articlea
Finished manufactures
Articles of other metals, not precious :
Simply worked articles
Finished manufactures
Precious metals, also coined
Raw materials and manufactures of the wood-
cutting and plaiting industry
Building* wood and timber, raw
Carving and plaiting materials; bristles.
Wooden and carved ware :
Simply worked articles
Finished manofaoturt'S
Plaited, brush-maker's and sieve-maker's
ware
Raw materials and manufactures of the paper
industry^
Raw materials and half stuiT
Paper and pasteboard
Manufactures of paper and pasteboard . .
Kaw materiaU and manufactures of the
leather, oil-doth, and fur goodf> industry. .
Kaw hidcuand sltiDs...^ —
Dressed skins ; leather* oil-cloth
Leather, harness-maker's and purse-roak-
cr's works
Furs.
Raw materials and roanufaclurog of the tex-
tile and felt industry ; doilies
iiiiiris featheia, and other quilt materials
Spiunin;; materials
YaiuA und wads
Kopemakor's ware
Ku)£H, felts, hair weavings
Sluffii
lIoHiery
Trimmings and button-maker's ware . . . .
Laces, embroideries, blond -Ia res
Clothes, linen uaderwear: millinery
Bonnets, ornamental feaibera, flowers,
ornninental bair
Caoutchouc industry
Kaw materials
Manufactures
Kailroad \ eliicles, upholstered cars and fur-
niture
Kngiues, machiucs, and apparatus
Fancy goods and jewelry
lancy goods aud jewelrv, except toys ..
Toys...
Articles of literature and line nrts
Total
Quantities.
1888.
Ton$.
91,456
18.862
lUO, 373
139. C06
88,060
0,248
18,924
856
58,163
83,001
1, 371, 393
1, 127, 636
16
7,224
227.360
9,148
1,870,167
1,550.374
267, 574
28.841
10,851
1,014
1,734
419
2,677,735
1,628,922
42,887
985.655
17,915
2,866
69,115
63,244
4,682
1,180
03,027
80,093
11.726
1,060
148
634.388
11.015
650.007
58,267
181
807
3,886
131
169
201
277
324
4,268
3,202
1,060
336
43,713
711
541
170
3,707
1887.
Tons.
94,998
23.507
90,511
109, 052
76,247
%954
14,661
1.221
62,340
80, 182
1,168,972
1,001.796
87
7,949
149,458
9,742
1,583.611
1,271,822
204.799
26,749
27,488
732
1,709
812
2, 295. 513
1, 307, 517
37,205
932,838
15^411
2,642
63.964
58,059
4,763
1,142
79, 578
67,909
10,533
1,006
130
608.810
10.499
636,078
56,460
249
811
4,544
133
141
281
800
302
8,469
2,515
954
485
35,971
578
442
136
3,718
21, b6 7, 627 19,386.565
Total value.
18B6.
$5,043,000
1, 181, 000
3,166,000
5,488,000
6,603,000
2.850,000
2,820,000
172,000
8,978,000
8,250,000
12,184,000
8,667,000
7,000
888,000
1. 856, 000
1,876,000
76,482.000
17, 637. 000
12,392,000
1,586,000
S, 917, 000
365,000
1,328,000
38^806,000
40,626,000
10,661.UUO
8,646^000
15. 520. 000
8,414,000
2. 884, 000
8,386,000
8. 210. 000
63^000
537,000
80,822,000
10,010.000
16,251,000
4,875,000
185,000
244,051,000
6, 492. 000
145, 280, 000
74,264.000
60,000
362,000
8,082,000
425.000
511,000
8,219,000
1, 141, 000
3,826.000
6^760,000
5.335.000
1,425,000
121,000
11,769,000
6,074,000
5,993.000
80,000
6,257,000
18S7.
4,843,000
i,4.^,eoo
2.SC6.tMN)
5, 8/7, 000
6,iaO.OG0
2.510,000
2,279.000
4:^7.000
2,721,OC0
8,129,000
11,017.000
5,698,060
11.000
400.000
950,000
2,319,000
40,040.000
15.011,000
10,038.000
1.391,000
2,849,000
172,000
1, 155, 000
18,423,000
84,634 000
^ 7.779,000
7. 005, COO
14.671.000
3,847,000
1,741,000
8,002.000
1,022.000
648,000
522,000
80.268.000
20. 315. i4»
14. 361. COO
4,532.000
WT.lKiO
236,723,000
5.810,000
137,133,0^0
73, 794. «»
57,OUO
331. COO
10,236.000
304. («0
437.000
4, 214, (KM
1.258, COO
3.018,000
6.004.000
4, 480. 000
1,604.000
140,000
10.018,000
6, 619, 000
6,573,000
46,0U0
5,606.000
817, 739, 000
758,934,000
)k
EUROPE — GERMANY.
267
FaZvea of merckandiie exported from the German customs territory during eal&ndar year
1888 {exelutivo of goods in direci transit and goods refined and finished. — Special com-
m^oe).
ArtiolM.
Animala
Seeds and plants for seed, food and garden-
iDg
Ifaanre and waste matenala.A
Fuel "
Food and other articles of consumption
J- Animal food:'
Bmm and simply prepared articles of
oonsnmption
liamilactures
Cereals and other farloaceons articles of
foodt
Raw materials
Manufactures
Fmit^ yegetables, fresh and dried^.
Bptces, tsb]€*salt| ice-cream
CfOffee and coffee aubslitutes, cocoa, tea..
Saw materials •
Mannfactiires
Sogar, simp and molasses
Fermented oeverages
Comflts, preserves and other fine articles
of oonsamption
Tohacoo and tobacco maiiafactures :
Kawnmterials
Mannfactnres
Industry of fats, fixed oils, and mineral oils. .
Baw materials
Mannfactnres
Baw materials and products of chemical and
phjurmacentioal industry
Baw materials :
Baw materialii of cbemicnl iodnstrv*..
Drugs for medicinal purpoaes and for
perfumes..
Besins; waste for making glue
Ferments and finings
Bawdye-stufia
Tanning stufb, raw
Manufactures :
Simple substances. bases, acida.aalta .
Bther and volatile oils, medicines
and perfumes.
Besin oils, vamiabes. lakes, glntena..
Explosives and priming gooda
Pitch, tar, and aiatillates of tar
Stationery, colors
Baw materials and manufacture of asbostua,
stone, olAy, and glass industry:
Bartba and stones; glass waste
Asbestos artielea
Stone- ware
Clay and china ware
Glass-ware
Baw materials and manufacture of metal in-
dustry, except machines, inatmmcnta, and
apparatus
Ores
Baw metals, not precious, also coined . . .
Iron wares:
Simply worked articles
Finished manufactures
Articles of other metnla not precious :
Simply worked articles
Finished manufactures
Predoas metals, also coined
Baw materials and manufactures of the
wood-entting and plaiting induatry :
Building- wood and timber, raw '.
Carving and plaiting materials; bristles .
Quantities.
Total valnesL
Tons.*
153, 807
103, 760
235,580
10, 7W), 374
1,594,822
40,134
17,340
252,277
206,385
120, 5i)5
153, 834
6,762
3,562
601, 681
184. 131
5,409
1,315
i,3»:
68,558
£8 803
39, 7r)5
71* 916
208,430
2,838
27.960
4,070
54.712
5.951
263, 560
32,209
14,417
7,689
27. 423
63,657
2. 536. 047
1, 588, 762
239
44, 069
805, 402
97,675
8, 474, 855
2, 279, 336
297, 720
600,108
361,446
22,597
13,217
431
461,168
216, 956
le.TJo
Tons.*
154,532
95.186
193.656
9, 942, 795
1,623,019
41,^5
18,032
187,258
192,091
97.872
166,967
16,206
5,450
675, TM
213,618
6,596
920
1,398
66,821
20, 036
86, 785
627, 267
159, 218
2,549
24.270
4,619
52, 623
6,397
232,446
32,790
10.904
8,029
25, 321
62,117
2. 476. 328
1,467,096
202
45. 002
879. 473
94.466
8,221.406
1, 808, 326
425,448
652, 819
896,277
24,930
14,265
841
523.372
255.342
10,929
$22,493,000
8,230,000
5, 034, OCO
27. 393, 000
93, 160, 000
0,278,000
6,995,000
4,309,000
9,751,000
2,669,000
9, 039, 000
282,000
229. COO
39. 997, 000
12, 015, 000
1,607,000
146,000
877,000
6,381,000
1, 527. 000
4. 803. 000
66,194,000
1,834,000
1,371,000
1, 29?, 000
615.000
1,216,000
291,000
14, 358, 000
0, 483, 000
2,262,000
3, 058. 000
2, 120, 000
21,292,000
27,943,000
8,149,000
111,000
1,502,000
8, 403, 000
9,778,000
116,834,000
2,888,000
12,043,000
16.244,000
84,636,000
4,604,000
9,449,000
85,476,000
26,896,000
1, 9:)U, 000
5,250,000
$21,880,000
4,042,000
8,929.000
22, 911. 000
07,627,000
0,680,000
0,281,000
2,823,000
8,085,000
2,489,000
8, 478. 000
576,000
846.000
44, 750, 000
14,034.000
1,414,000
187,000
923,000
6,020,000
1, 106, 000
4,431,000
68,871,000
1,407,000
1,868,000
1,081.000
650.000
1, 149, 000
243,000
13,032,000
0,326,000
2,409.000
3, 230, 000
1,993.000
21,434,000
20,683.000
8, 014, 000
90,000
1, 469. 000
8. 085. 000
8, 145, 000
80,704,000
2.150.000
12. 701, 000
16. 990, 000
80. 817, 000
3,809.000
10,252.000
18,860.000
25, 502. 000
2.127,000
6^210,000
10611 0 B-
* Tons of 2,200 poiiuds.
17
258
COMMERCIAL BELATIONS.
FaZfMf of wureh^ndiie txj^Udfram the German cu9iom$ terrUary, eto. — Continued.
▲rtiolat.
Baw matorUla, •to-^oontijiiied.
Wooden and oar^ed ware :
Simply worked articles
Fiofahed inanufikctureii
Plaited, brttih-nmkers' and BieTe*inaker8'
ware
Baw tnafeerlala and manufftcturea of the
j>aper industry
Haw materials and half staff
Paper and paste-board
If annfaotares of paper and pasteboard . .
Kaw materials and manufactures of the
leatber.oll-cloth, and Air goods iudustry.
Haw hides aad skins
Dressed skins, leather, oil-oloth
Leather, harness-makers' and purse*
makers' works
Puts*.
Eaw materials and manufiictures of the tez>
tdle and felt industry , clothes
Hidrs, feathers, and other quilt materials.
Spinning materials
Yams and wads
Bopemakers' ware
Rugs, felts, hair weaTings
StufBi
Hosiery
Trimmings and button-maker's ware. .. .
Laces, embroideries, blond lacos
Clothes, linen underwear, millinery
Bonnets, omnniental f**atUers, flowers,
ornamental hair
Caontohono industry
Baw materials
Hannfaoiures
Baiiroad yehicles. upholstered cars andjfumi-
ture
Engines, machine!*, and apparatuses
Fancy goods and Jewelry
Fancy goods and Jewelry, except toys . . .
Toys
Art ides of literature and fine arts
Sundries (no description)
Total
Quantitiea.
188a
TofM.
182,871
86,936
8,086
170,694
96.690
72, 614
10,380
86,121
10,036
0.867
7,272
457
250, 137
5,504
140, 127
19,190
4^573
2,796
60,473
12,434
6. 150
1,061
6.860
867
3,308
844
8,025
6.215
aOl, 373
18, 7P0
2,228
16,552
12,485
823
20, 740, 884
1887.
Tont.
213,710
87,949
5,442
172, 8«
88,336
73,r>60
10.930
35,ld5
17, 818
9,612
7,395
440
237.920
5,699
127.992
17.739
4.490
2,005
51,299
12,856
6,227
1,2W)
^900
883
3,014
211
2,803
7,338
94,609
17, 679
2,481
15, 198
12,553
78
19,495,680
Total Talues.
188&
$3,766,000
12,458.000
8. 470, 000
22,522,000
6,011,000
13,658,000
3,852,000
56,387,000
5,741,000
16,059.000
83.729,000
857,000
255, 907, 000
5, 491, OOO
84,141,000
25.604,000
1, 150, 000
2,327,000
103, 507, 000
25, 176, 000
15, 100. 000
11,750,000
24,046.000
6,786,000"
5^485,000
614, 000
4,870,000
677
31,735
20,818
14,533
6,786
17,230
157
797.019
1887.
13,065,000
12.854,000
1,016,000
22,500,000
8,960,000
14,512.000
4,028,000^
68,509,000
6.396.000
16,404,000
34.725,000
994.000
255, lis, 000
5,253.000
80,114,000
24,351,000
1, 023, 000
2,028.000
104,633,000
26, 851, COO
14,872.000
14,868,000
24,690,000
7,182.000
6,331,000
401,000
4,929,000
785
28,732
18,649
13,652
4,953
17,577
03
780, 255*
ExporU to the United Statee from the dietrict of the United Statee consulate-general ai
Herlin and the ooneulatee subordinate thereto during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1889.
(Values giyen in United States gold ourrency.]
Articles.
Albums
Alum earth
Amber goods
Animals, birds, etc
Art. works of
Artificial flowers
Baskets, cane and rattan
ware
Books and printed matter. .
Bricks
Bristles, feathers, horse
hair, bnnuui hair, etc
Brushes
Burlaps
Buttons
Candles
Carpets and rugs
Cellulose uid wood pnip . .
Chemicals, drcigs, dyes,
paints, ete
Annaberg.
$66, 072. 73
Berlin.
0087, 043. 23
60i.*32
Bremen.
11, 775. 94
12,000.34
5, 67& 46'
16. 465. 55
$39,567.61
47,465 55
8,869.51
M91.26
44, 764. 10
198. 19;
2, 249. 28
2,588.01
*•* 283, 240. 20l 23, 084. 67
Breslau.
$12,602.91
2, 756. 95
12,803.87
Brunswick.
$83,395.01
9,819.83
18,807.22
M06.58
13,233.75
918,604.98
Chemnits
$1,948.27
5^469.77
8,884.18
670.75
i' 293-73
ll
EUROPE — OERMANT.
259
EiporU to ihs United States from the district of the United States cousulate-general at
Berlin and the consulates subordinate theretOj etc. — Continued.
Articles.
Annaberg.
Berlin.
Bremen.
Breslan.
Bronswiok.
Chenmits.
Chieorr ftnd coffee. ........
$46,61&39
56,^a96
$56^336.90
4,269.30
ChlnA ware, porcelain and
a^HiliMn ^r A rtt
$35,570.90
33,137.71
2,018.88
$96,962.07
10, 348. 16
$29,259.53
Cfaromoa. reliefs, oards ....
Clocks
CoAt Uninet ,,,.^T-T.t-T
8,136.99
Colors
$4,886.20
41, 538. 80
112,884.33
9,651.56
8,962.88
Colors, sniline . ..^«i...... -
Cork
3,808.00
.A
»«•••«•••••«■
Cmde DOSS. ••>>-•>•>-••>•
4,580.55
Detonators -.--.
• "•••
12,418.30
Dress and piece goods
A stracsns
•
1, 527. 979. 04
15,747.40
9,985.38
15, 986. 03
14, 664. 36
82,356.66
270, 832. 4#
113, 088. 87
25, 288. 73
71, 6b0. 77
258, 009. 17
Cotton and cotton
niiz«)d goods
Linen and linen mixed
goods ......T-
6, 395. 38
906,926.40
335,383.60
6^239.10
fiifk and silk mixed
coods
173.92
Yeiretand pi ash gooilH
Woolen and woolen
mixed ffooi^s ^......t-
11,168 30
54, 070. 18
5,896.46
Smbrolderies, etc
68,675.93
30, 540. 88
SnirrBTinffs...... ■
47.00
FancT fsMhers
. ...........
Pelt
6,975.31
9, 817. 09
Flannels snd flannel sroods
-
124. 607. 74
Frinses ..........'...
•1, 087. 00
*"2,'663."94
1,912.94
4,476.01
Famitare ................
•
Fare, articles made of
Galvanos
....... ,j^. . . .
Glass, manufoctares of
35,638.92
82,936.82
2i,'564.44
21,876.79
327.69
Gloves :
Cotton
357. 084. 80
Bilk
608, 155. 78
Woolen
395. 096. 15
Kid and leather
151,973.06
384, 492. 58
158, h25. 32
1. 766. 68
34, 035. 16
5, 119. 91
y 268, 684.' 05
\ 111, 275. 65
2,480.29
1 226,603.89
1,639.27
Glnoose. dextrine, etc
GiMLcelatiiueietc
9, 534. 65
Glyierine
Grains, plants, seeds, and
fhiits.-
8,519.70
8,229.20
6,648.99
Grease.....
1,200.57
Hair nets.............
Herrings
Hemp and hemp goods ....
Hides and skins
1, 947. 64
48, 819. 58
18, 958. 36
80,i37,''49
13.140.20
Hollow- ware. ........a. ....
p
Hosiery :
Cotton.. .^
723. C6
4.652,185.02
Silk
;:;;;:".:»-::
163, 580. 06
Woolen
139,829.11
Hoosehold effects
India-rabber goods
17, 807. 78
69,841.71
10, 886. 37
69, 477. 07
8, 130. 66
1,047.35
20, 099. 70
18,002.80
13,235.42
120, 197. 04
48, 02& 00
Instruments r
MasicaL accordions ...
602.65
Pianos and pianinos. . . .
'
Sc&entiflc
7,282.96
lyory, manuf actnres of . . .
J^ewelrr. diamonds, etc
Jnte hiign
liabels, printed on paper..
14, 037. 73
I^ees, etc..
20. 492. is
24,939.72
I«aoe oortaitts
•
Lamps, parts of lamps.
84, 24.*;. 42
6, 218. 42
41, 206. 27
»
LanolincmanniiMtnres of. .
Leather, mannfactores of. .
229.68
Linen cbrers j
13, 752. 94
•
Liquors, malt and distiled
32, 298. 70
35, 942. 01
02. 975. 80 02 75R. RQ
183.14
Machinery
1, 911. 93
~—t • "• "
15, 281. 98
JCannre salt and kalnite. ..
159,471.97
1, 109, 330. 18
Marly, etandne. etc
Metal:
Hetal goods and hard-
vara •
12^187.76
89L217.78
192.52
260
COMMERCIAI. RELATIONS.
Exports to the United States from the distriei of the United States oonsulate-gtneral at
Bprlin and the consulates subordinate thereto, ete, — Coutinaed.
▲rtiolM.
AnnabeiiE.
Berlin.
BmnoBL
BreslML
Bmiiawlek.
GhemaHa.
M«ta]><:ioiitiiiiied.
Mavufjictarea of iron
and floraD iron ....
$3^543.48
40.256.50
17, 048. 81
448.02
Manufactures of
braaa. bronxo
.
Hanufaoinrea of sine,
eie ..............
$89,233.07
.
If Inemla ............
MlACoIlaneona
931.187.00
87,150l55
$50,282.42
fl.l78.29
\loi her-of-nearl trooda. . ....
2,177.85
Hnaic, printed, see also
books
If c^edloa and nina. .. .....
1,829.80
Oil DaiDtillffB
40.082.18
113, 17L 32
111, 803. 3ft
Paper and paper wai e
Paoer. fanov ...........
$21,012.42
8,00L6l
12,049.18
Paste- Doarcl......
34,020.87
,
Percnssioti caps
Photographs and photo-
sraDhio naner
12.009.09
-
Fhotocravliio lenses
10,408.81
2,390.78
119,702.87
Pipes
Portland cement.
19,844.92
Potato flour and atarob
1, 804. 33
243.78
187, 781. 19
ProTisionB, canned meat,
flsh, etc :
103,400.05
7,004.55
22,107.76
831,783.85
Basa, waste paper, cut-,
tinffs. etc
.
Kane-sccd oil
6,834.09
Ready-made clothing,
dresnea. etc
95, 909. 10
1, 179, 167. 38
112,400.31
267,223.11
73 148 93
1,804.89
Beady-made doaks, woolen,
silk, etc
.. ........ ^. .
21,880.82
21,786.07
Beady-made collars, onffs,
cravats, f^illinc^s
Beady-made jemeys, etc ...
Boadymade shawls, muff-
lers, etc
6. 128. 41
80,780.77
Bennets and rennet powder .
Kennet imtsand bladders.
21, 496. 25
7, 097. 66
Bice ami rice flour
1,152,269.61
*
Sanerkroat
1,275.25
8,504.32
Sanorbmnnen
Spun silk
*""i,369.'i8
13,957.35
Stationery
"*"
Susar
20.298.40
2,741.04
7,821,828.15
Tinfoil
Tinsel goods
Tobacco, cigars, oigarettc(«,
And nnnffjt
7,310.34
1,089.94
849,881.42
Toys
60. 098. 04
1,117,434.90
14,842.98
20,064.19
TrinimincTs
130, 045. 06
11,718.00
Travolinc-mes
8,7001 10
TJmbrt^lla stuffs
^
S8,91C.20
Umbrellas, parts of, whips,
ntioks, etc
2,114.84
ITpbolstery eoods
783.86
800,11187
TTndorwear
184,87&80
Violin strings
137.30
Waah blue
"7,'228.8i
Willow, straw, and wooden
ware
100,578.80
118,374.01
Winea and beer (see also
Liq uorri)
2,200.11
^ 11, 7^8. 38
917.97
Wood, manufactures of....
2,9oaoi
7Sw96
Wool and woolen goods. . . .
11, 342. 00
71,384.64
7.10a79
11,650.18
Yams, woolen and worsted.
90, 170. 69
78,297.28
•
Fiscal year ending
June 80, 1889
Fiscal year euding
June 80, 1888
1,600,834.60
2.471,229.00
5,818,015.41
0, 203, 704. 34
2,502,091.52
2,091,542.24
2,084,10&04
U057,048.88
10,116^084.99
8,974,22L96
8^848^978.26
9,210.806.08
Increase........
411.152.28
127,080.01
0,141,488.01
Decrease
904,395.01
885^118.93
*
807,885^81
EXJEOPE — GERMANY.
261
Exports to the United States from the district of the United States consulate genet al at
Berlin and the consulates sulfordinate thereto, etc, — Coutitincd.
Artides.
Albnnen and yelka of eggs
Albams ^....
Alnm earth
Amber goods
Amberoil
AuimalB, birds, etc
Art. worKsof
Arttfloial flowers
BasketSi oane and rattan
Dresden.
$16, 310. 42
Bladdng, sboe
Books and printed matter
Brieks....:.
Bristles, feathers, horse
hair, hpman hair, etc. . .
Bmshee
Burlaps
Battons
Candles
Camte and rags
Cdl olose and wood pulp . .
Chemicals, drugs, dyes,
paints, etc
Chiecory and coffee
Chinaware, porcelain, and
earthenware
Chromos, reliefs, cards
Clocks
Coat linings
Colors
Colors, aniline
Cork
Crude moss
Detonators
Dress and piece goods .
Astracnans
Cotton and ootton
mixed goods
Linen and lineu mixed
goods
Silk and silk mixed
goods •••.*...••..••.•
Telyet and plush goods
Woolen and woolen
mixed good*
Ebony
Bmbroiderles, eto
Smbroidered goods ,
Kngmvings
TCssential oils
Fancy feathers
Fancy goods, notions, toys.
Felt
Flannels and flannel goods.
Flocks
Fringes
Fruits, dried, preserres ..
Fruit juice
Furniture ,
Furs, articles made of ... . .
GalT.inoe
Oeese breasts
Glass, manuDsctures of
Glores:
Cotton
Bilk
Woolen
Kid and leather
Glucose, dextrine, etc ....
Glue, gdatine, eto.^
Glyeenne
Grains, plants, seeds, and
ftuits. ^
Hairnets
HtsTinffus ..............
Hemp and hemp goods
Hides and skins
H«Uow*wara...
27,114.44
64,814.87
28,378.88
61, 294. 06
123, 130. 07
643,975.20
180,140.60
Hamburg.
$18, 0G2. 00
8,^53.50
200, 172. 08
11, 438. 12
162,830.68
Leipsio.
Plauen. .
$1»8.14
378,218.20
627, 400. 74
0.688.34
431, OCO. 28
363, 783. 48
61, 243. 84
102,034.27
1L228.76
40,457.80
1.777.80
85,166.34
877,801.15
.2,442.65
103,650.60
113, 323. 20
83,745.43
8,065.28
163,056.44
86,807.68
64. 693. 13
800, 660. 22
87,481.60
40,472.61
57,280.87
25, 047. 70
^,00a45
898, 035. 32
173,616.60
1,163.00
63. 241. 81
869.140.44
4, 681. 16
$1, 400. 04
133. 04
260.871
1, 127. 08
Htuttin.
12,644.82
1,356,157.06
83, 442. 72
812, 288. 54
84, 631. 70
8,804.66
450.10
807.50
$27, 645. 35
585.90
571.80
13, 666. 01
1,662.44
23,421.04
86,830.62
400.62
36, 632. 33
21,606.70
10,410.05
Total.
24^.16
120.42
180.81
647.77
28, 67& 87
686.00
25,883.35
1, 267. 13
76, 726. 04
16, 383. 07
143, 16a 20
$35. 470. 56
687. (i43. 2.1
12, 6y2. 91
* 28.146.67
585.00
126. f>87. 92
11,775.91
41,063.05
221,140.44
18.666.01
480, 666. 00
28. 706. 22
836,015.33
2, 161. ttO
2,588.01
162. 988. 67
850.68
8, 377.'26
480, 9iQ. 36
1, 056, 288. OO
174, 616. 18
610,0.^2.43
100, 760. 74
2, 018. 88
8,136.99
85, 086. 64
112,884.33
2, 80& 01
16, 052. 47
12,418.30
1,527,979.04
15,747.40
86,867.40
672,826.82
351,000.67
82, 356. 50
2,777,
2,
212,
83,
25,
174.
7i.
405,
9.
124
1,
1.
113,
83.
1.
873,
4.
620,
300.36
442.65
305. 67
442.72
517. 13
064.46
680.77
1-10.41
817. 00
507.74
163.99
087.00
323.20
884.62
912.94
625.^5
681. 4G
605.00
646. 81
367,084.80
60f<, 155. 78
395. 006. 15
1, 541, 152. 66
196, 154. 24
12,568.46
34,035.16
201. 182. 80
16.154.11
307.50
103, 191. 65
197. 861. 33
489,022.29
13, 140. 20
262
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
h'xports io the United Stales from ih$ district of the United Slaleti eonsulaio-general at
J<erlin and the con8nfate$ subordinate thereto^ eic.— Continaed.
Artiotot.
HosleTT;
Cotton
811k
Woolen
HonsofaoWl etketu
lo'3i*-mbb«r goods
Instrnments:
Masical, aooortlions...
PiaDOM and pianino*^. . .
Scientiflo
Ivory, manafactnrM of
Jewelry, diamonds, etc ... .
Jatebags
Labels, printed on papers. .
Laces, ete
Lace curtains
LampH, parts of lamps, eban-
dellcrs, etc
Lanoliup, inaDnf»ctnros of .
L.«Ather, niannfactores of . .
Linen covers
Linen torcbon laces
Liqnors, malt and distilled.
Machinerr
Manure salt and kaioite . . .
Harly, etamine, etc
Het^l:
Metal floods and bard-
ware
Mannfactnres of iron
sorap-iron
Mauufactares of brass
bronze
Mannfaotares of zinc,
eto
Minerals
Miacollaneons
Mother-of-prarl goods
MuhIc, printed (see also
Books)
Xeedles and pins
Oil paintings
Puper and paper*ware
Paper, fancy
Paste-board..
PercnSHion caps
Pbotogniphs and photo-
grapliio paper
Photograpuic lenses
Pipes:....
Portland cement
Potato flonr snd starch
Potato preserves
Provisions, canned meat,
fifth, eto
Ra{(8. waste paper, cut-
tings, eto
Kape-seed oil
Keadymade clothing,
dresses, etc
Keady-made clonks, woolen,
silk, etc
Keadymade collars, oufffl,
cravats, frillings
Ready-made jerHoys, etc , . .
Keady-made shawls, muf-
flers, etc
Ken net sand rennet powder.
Kennet guts and bladders..
Kice and rice flour
Kucbings, frillings, etc
Sauerkraut
Salt
Knuorbmnnen
8hcl1 goods
Shoeflndings
Bilk laces
Spun silk
Stationery
Straw plaits and straw
goods •
Dresden.
Hamburg.
$411,826.00
$14. 368. 55 24, 056. 08
OT.115.37
16. 135. 62
0. 028. 02
40,023.07
36, 455. 34
278, 357. 68
014,677.' 61
186,002.04
26, 502. 85
21, ^9. 20
4, 821. 32
65,812.06 200,022.11
853,077.27
22, 816. 11
8»86&.78
6, G05. 18
680, 004. 76
03.430.58
265,741.14
43,14L44
814.44
Leipslo.
$148,336.83
14,604.36
70,851.53
63, 404. 24
20,015.81
80, 304. 50
6, 167. 76
Planen.
$&eo,2iai3
Stettia.
T&taL
$347.76
241,067.40
57,606.31
17. 104. 66
40, 167. 20
601.01
05, 003. 14
11, 002. 32
11,614.72
7* 856.' 63
311.02
47&0D
436.87
$4,652,00^68
les. 580. 06
130, 829. n
347.76
667,834.52
l,290,688w27
11,19&29
76,760.03
104, 94a 30
17.600.97
20,099.70
14,037.73
S43,230.]0
82.446.03
34,245142
6.218.42
77, SOL 29
13.7S2.94
17.194.66
457,011.06
106, 630. 16
2, 183, 379. 64
40,167.20
81, 432. 60
64.097.80
"4,'406.'85
1,066.34
148.118.22
3,615.30
600.02
397. 651. 87
1,6U.10
187,788. 93
95,479.02
46.255.69
160,970.71
448.02
206,155.16
2,177.85
89,304.59
1,338.80
45, 603. 50
427,014.94
311,803.38
84,020.67
6,60&18
866,886196
10,468.31
2,390.78
967,760.27
6,319.63
609.03
210,183.13
1,21J,26&71
8, 445. to
97,273.75
1,200,988.20
134, 102. 88
272,85L62
248,932.84
21.496.35
50,2;«.10
1,152,269.61
1L902.82
1,276.26
814.44
8,604.32
11,614.72
6,167.76
7. 856. S3
1,809.18
18.967.36
8;85&78
Ti
EUROPE — OERMANt.
263
Exports to the Vnit(d States from the district of the United Slates coniulate-general at
Berlin and the consulates subordinate thereto^ etc, — Coutinued.
Articles.
Dresden.
Hamburg.
Loipsio.
Planen.
Stettin.
TotaL
Somr
$38,664.05
128,580.35
$484, 749. 11
$7. 899. 616b 04
Tin-foil
2,741.64
58,366.92
861,090.11
Tinsel eoods
$49,799.64
Tobaooo, ojgars, cigarettes,
sad sQun . ..J
|5. 384. 03
5,730.19
94.47
Toys
101. 020. 8L
THininiDga
1. 265. 198. 02
Trsveling-m^s ............
8.706.10
XJmbteUa stufls
38, 910. 26
XTmbretlaa, parts of, whips,
sticks. 6t0
2,114.84
Upholatei y eoods
306,896.72
Uoderwear ..^
134.978.86
"Violin strines...... ........
187.80
Wash blue
7, 228. 81
Watch moTements
705. b
....
70S. 48
W^ax .•
3,672.27
3,67127
ware
100,678.80
Liquors) ,.
%••«. .......
121,662.09
Woo<l, maoafactares of ... .
26,233.26
210,873.34
41, 008. 60
Wool and woolen eoods. . . .
1,199.40
230, 624. 18
Woolen table and piano
coTers (embroidered,
■ IriDzed. etc. )
93, 814. 78
493, 145. 95
21. 995. 57
1,181.94
116. 810. 85
Tarns, woolen and worsted.
761,736.68
Fiscal year ending
June 30, 1889
Fiscal year ending
June 30, 1888
2,063,538.45
2,011.869.99
5. 955, 895. 04
5, 936, 535. 22
4,481,006.44
4,184,766.77
2,993,024.50
2,634,300.39
1, 649, 090. 1748,080. 102. St
1, 150. 085. 96 41, 732, 218. 88
Xu UTvttBO ■«•«•■•• ^^k« • •
51,668.46
19, 359. 82
296, 250. 67
458,724.20
499,604.21
6,847,883.61
United States Consulate General.
£erlinj June 30, 1889.
P. Raine,
ContuUOmeral.
COIiOGNE.
lUport by Connd Wfimfr.
IMPROVED CONDITION OF TRADE.
As an indication of the better condition of trade, His Majesty, in his recent speech
opening the Prussian Diet, points to tlie increase during the year 1888 of 200,000,000
marks in the savings-banks deposits. Referring to the nnancial situation, the Empe-
ror says that its favorable condition will enable the Government to effect a further
reduction of taxation, and to grant other supplies, the consideration of which had
heretofore to be postponed. These symptoms of a more pronperoas condition of the
tTAde of the country began to manifest themselves in the beginning of the second
half of the year 1888. Railways, for instance, were unable to meet the increased de-
mands for transportation. Cars belonging to foreign companies had to be borrowed
to provide for the pressing need besides large orders were given for the build-
ing of additional ones. . The river and canal traffic has been pushed to its utmost
capacity, and transatlantic steamers have been so actively engaged that it became
ijc-'cr8s.iry to build new and improved steamers.
This additional demand for accommodation has been due to a certain extent to the
opening of trade with the colonies acquired by Germany. New companies and indus-
trial undertakings of all kinds and descriptions have been organized, old established
tirms have been converted into joint-stock companies or have been remodeled and
furnished with additional capital for the purpose of extending business, and the
readiness and e^en eagerness with which the public has invested in these and simi-
lar concerns has been quite extraordinary. New life has also been infused into the
building trade, which has derived cousidei able benefit from the general improvement
264
COMMERCIAL tlELATIONS.
in affairs. In nearly every city and town of any imporfai\ce in Germany a j^eneral
tearing down and erecting new and more HpaciouB buildings of modern styles have
been in operation with a very large outlay of capital. The improvements that have
taken place in (his city in this respect are so great that one who saw the city five
years ago would scarcely be able to recognize it again.
With exception of a few articles the incrt^ase of prices in the Gkrman market was
greater than in other important markets of the world. In raw materials chiefly the
price increased considerably. For instance, coal and ooke in the Dortmund distriol
btood as follows:
MoDths.
Price of coal
per ton.
Price of ooks
per ton.
1^
1887.
18d8.
1887.
July.
_*»_ - ^ m. . ^ ^
$1.19
1.23
l.ii6
$1.20
1.21
1.21
$2.00
2.1i
2.ais
•
$1.71
Auenst
1.78
September
1.81
Iron and cotton also rose considerably. It has always been taken as a sign of com-
mercial prosperity, or as a beginning thereof, whenever these two raw materials show
an important advance in valne.
IRON AND ORBS.
The total production of cnide iron amounted in 1888 to 4,229,484 tons, against
3,907,364 tons in 1887. In the Siegen district the iron-ore business is still very
active; sales for all that can be mined during and over the first quarter of the year
have already been ma<le. In spite, however, of this increased demand there has been
no appreciable increase in prices, which are noted at present for raw sparry iron-ore
12.30 to |2.38; wasted sparry ore $3.04 to |3.30 ; brown hematite $2.38 to $2.75 ; speca-
lar iron ore |2.50 to |2.75.
In Nassau ores the business has likewise been flourishing. Appearances indicate a
considerable increase in the requirements during the year and a large nnmberof
mines that have been idle have been put to work again. There is also a great de-
mand for Lothring ores and the prices for high-grade qualities have risen. Raw
iron of all kinds is in active demand. From abroad as well as in the home market
the demand for spiegeleisen is increasing and prices have consequently risen, so that
spiegeleisen containing from to 10 to 12 per cent, manganese, is at present noted at
about |14 per ton. Manufacturers are loth to make contracts for a long period on
account of the present outlook of a future rise in prices.
Of the leading articles of iron the exports and imports for the first eleven months
of 1888 were as follows :
Articlas.
Pijc-iron ,
Inm bars
Irou rails
Iron platen
Iron wire
Iron-ore
LoooiDOtivee
Machinery
Sewinn; machines
Exports.
1888.
Tom.
127, 151
150.628
104, 936
69, 170
178, 482
, 014, 678
5. 618
61. 422
6,680
1887.
Tom.
194, 387
160. 666
161. 101
48, 695
224. 064
1,598,497
6, 509
57,809
6,464
Imports.
1888.
1887.
200,701
144,181
1,080.662
974,080
In spite of the material improvement in trade the exports declined to some extent,
and the inference has been drawn that tho German markets were nnablu any longer
to sustain the keen competition from other countries. This, however, does not seem
to have been the case, as the German manufactories were fully engaged, and if in
some instances the exports were less it was because the heme demand was greater,
which circnmstance enabled the manufacturers to sell at comparatively better
li
EUROPE — QEEMANT.
265
pricee. For iastance, the export of eotton eoods for tbe eleven months of 1888
ainounted to 400/262 owt. aeaiost 544,344 cwt. for the same period of 1887, showing a
decline of 144,082 owt., ana of woolen goods the export amounted to 511,538 cwt.
against 536,92i5 owt, showing a decline of 25,388 cwt.
BEBR.
«
The trade in beer daring the past year was very large. A great number of new
companies were formed, partly ont of old established ana prosperoas firms, partly an
organization of new companies entirely. These projects haye foand great favor with
the public and the new companies have started business under very favorable aus-
pices. The total production of beer in Gerfaiany (including Luxemburg) amounted
last year to 47,094,377 hectoliters against 45,068,030 hectoliters in 1887. The con-
sumption of beer in 1888 reached 46,172,563 hectoliters, or 98 hectoliters per head,
against 94.6 hectoliters per head, iu 1887. The excise amounted to 32,298,0-% marks,
or 5.89 marks per head, m Bavaria, to 8,759,534 marks, or 4.31 marks per head, in Wiir-
t«mberg, to 4,891,045 marks, or 3.05 marks per head, in Baden, and to 1,9<^, 165 marks,
or 1.24 marks per head ; in all other states in Germany, against an excise in 1887 of
30,674,930 marks in Bavaria, 8,134,590 marks in Wttrtemberg, 4^323,631 marks in Baden,
and 1,705,260 marks in all othw states in Germany.
MONEY AND FINANCE.
The great turn which commercial affairs have taken of late and the introduction
of so many new companies and important financial schemes have of course absorbed
a very large sum of money, nevertheless there has been no lack of ready and cheap
money, and new projects bearing a good title have been carried out without any unu-
sual difficulty. Great activity has been displayed on the German Exchanges and
those German banks which have been charged with the bringing ont of new financial
undertakings have done so with so much success that they were enabled to pay their
shareholders snbstantially increased dividends. How very successfal some of^the lead-
ing banks have been iu their operations will be seen from the present enhanced value
oitheir shares. For instance :
» Kftme of hank.
■»
December, 1887.
Deoember, 1888.
Bor1{nerI>i8ooxito>Ge8ellaobAft........
Ifartf.
18t.60
U5.50
133.60
156.76
123.40
93.50
226.60
Berliner HaDdelseeeellsohaft........
175.00
l>Arm*t#dter Bniik^... x.
162.00
DontMsbe Bank
171. 76
Dreadner Bank
118.80
National Bank
132.76
The total number of new companies brought ont since the second half of 1887
amoanted tx>251, with a total capital of 257,518,000 marks, 64 of which were estab-
lished in the second half of 1887, with a capital of 71,781,800 marks; 88 in the first
half of 1888, with a capital of 57,888,600 marks, find 99 in the second half of 1888,
with a capital of 127,847,000 marks. Of these 251 were new companies.
Nature of oompaniee.
Ballways
Banks
Ijijinranoe
Mines
Bnitdinff
Brewerfes
liaohineiy
Steamera and oonveyances
Spinning and weaving....,
Sondries
Total
Capital.
Markt.
10
13,400,000
11
46, 017. 700
1
1.600,000
13
36,362,000
815-21,800
10
57
46,452.500
15
14,850,000
10
17,205,000
7
7, 617, 000
117
67,002,300
261
207,518,800
266
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
MvKst <»f the oUl corapanicft of good staDding bare ItkewiRO pai(ioipatod in tbe gen-
eral improYenient, as the subjoined quotations of tho shares of some of tbem show :
Name of company.
December, 1887.
December, 1888.
Sochnmer G n sst fthl- Fabrik ...........................................
Marki'
133.75
65.50
111.00
88.00
88.75
06.90
IILOO
2:25.00
Marks.
lBt.56
Dortmumlfir Union
•7.10
(iolsonkirchner Hercwerko ...........................................
136. UO
Hiliomift Itor* \rerke... ...............................................
13L75
Laurnhutte Bemwerko
131.60
Kheinisoh-N aahuu Bcrcwerlto
136 40
Elberfeldor Fnrbcn-Fabiik
183.00
Gmson Werko .» .....................
289.79
%■
During the last two or three mouths especially the business transacted on the
Berlin bourse has been of cousidenible magnitude and prices of some favorite and
current securities have risen ver^ rapidly. In fact they have reached a point now
which in tbe estiaiatidn of some is higher than circumstances would warrant. Tbe
introduction of some new foreigu loans direct on the Berlin boqrse was a featore of
some importance, but the class of securities offered was not altogether of the highest.
The rate of discount of the Reichsbank stood at the opening of the year 18^ at 3
per cent, and at the close of the year at 4^ per cent., to which point it was somewhat
suddenly raised. The average rate of discount for the year —
Per cent.
1888 was 3.32
1887 waa 3.4
188Gwaa .'.. 3.27
1885 was 4.12
18tU wa« 4 "
1883 wua .4.06
188J Wiia 4.44
1881 was 4.42
Percent.
1880 was 4.24
1870 was 4
1869wa8 4.24
1808was 4
1887 was 4
1886 was 6.21
1865 was 4.98
The amount of bullion held by the Reichsbank on the Slst of December, 1888,
858,500,000 marks, against 766,800,000 marks on the 3l8t of December, 1887. This sat-
isfactory position is due to the prudent management of the bank in ^ntinnally draw-
ing gold from abroad, especially from England, France, Holland, Russia, and latterly
also in rather large quantities from tho United States. The dividend of the Reichs-
bank for 1888 is estimated at 5.60 to 5.87 percent., against —
1887
1886
18«4
1883
1882
Percent
6.2
5.29
6.25
6.25
7.05
1881.
1880.
1^79.
1878.
Per oeat
6.67
6
6
6.03
From ihf above it will be seen that the estimated dividend for 1888 was lower than
tbut of 1H87, and tbe explanation of this is that the average value of money during
that year was low. In conuectiou with this subject it may be of interest to state
bow the Koichsbank disposes of its available protits every year. In the first place
4^ per cent, is paid to the holders of share certifioates, and the remainder is distrib-
uted in the following manner: 20 per cent, is placed to the reserve fund ; 40 per cent,
is paid to the state, and 40 per cent, to tbe shareholders.
The total capital of all the Berlin banks amounted to 475,000,000 marks in 1883,
against 126,810,000 marks in 1865 ; and the reserve fund was in 1888, 81,205,804 marks,
against 15,171,153 marks in 1865. The income of the Prussian Budget for 1889-'90 is
estimated at 1,513,804,879 marks, against 1,410,728,721 marks in 1888-1889, and thp
expenditures at 1,436,402,483 marks in 1889-'90, against 1,362, 12:i,667 marks in
18f?8-'89. The extraordinary expenditure for 1889-'90 is pnt down at 77,492,396 marks
against 48,605,254 marks in 18H^»89. The total debt of Prussia in 1889-'90 ia given
at 4,457,182,070 marks, against 4,425,104,506 marks in 1888-'89.
GERMAN AGRICULTURB.
While it is not«d that in nearly every branch of industry in Germany there hu
been a general improvement, the agriculture of the country seems not to have shared
in this prosperity, for the general complaint heard on all sides indicates that the con-
dition of tbe farming clement is by no means satisfactory. The law-makers of the
country were not slow in listening to the appeals of the agriculturista, and a year ago
the import duty on grain was raised with a view to prot^ting this interest against
li
EUROPE — GEBMANY. 267
the competition of low-priced foreign graia. There is still a great deal of opposition
iu Germany to this taxation laid upon breadstnffs, and there is much hot diHciissiou
on the subject whenever the question of the welfare of the farmers is debated in the
Pnissian Diet; the opponents claiming that it is the result of making bie^d dearer
for the work people, while the supporters of the system maintain that the duty has
not had sach an effect, which they endeavor to prove by a comparison of the prices
before and after the duty went into operatiou.
In a recent speech, made by the minister of agriculture in the Prussian Diet, he said
that " up to the year 1887 the prices had been declining, conseonetitly there is no
question of breadstoffs having been made dearer, nor has such been the case since
Itlie increase of the duties in 1887. The prices during the yeara up to 1879, that is,
"When there were no duties, were much higher than in 1888 under the protective
duties and a failure in crops. The average price for wheat up to 1870 was 221 marks,
for rye 169 marks, while the prices at present are 184 marks and 156 marks respect-
ively." From the above argument it would therefore ai)pear that the farmers have
not been benefited by the increase of the duty.
The debates at present in the Reichstag on the proposal of the Social-Democratic
party to abolish the duties on grain are very interesting, and it may be of sufficient
importance to give herewith translations of some extractH from a few speeches of the
opponents and supporters of the measure.
Bebel (Social-Democrat): During the last years I have made inquiries at 100 dif-
ferent places and received replies from 92. In these 02 places there were 11 in which
the price of bread had risen I pfonnige*,21 in which the price Iiad risen ik pfennige,
5^0 in which the price had risen 2 pfennige, 17 in which the price had risen 2^ pfen-
nige, 11 iu which the price had risen 3 2)fennige, and 3 in which the price had risen
4 pfennige. The annual average additional cost, taking a rise in brearl o^ 1 pfennige.
amounted to 15.20 marks for 4 bread consumers, to 22.78 marks for 6 consumers, and
to 31.32 marks for 7 consumers. Taking a rise in bread of 2 pfennige, the additional
cost amounts to 33.10 marks for 4 bread consumers, to 4().60 marks for B consumers,
and to f>1.32 murks for 7 consnmers; taking a rise in bread of 3 pfennige, the addi-
tional ^ost amounts to 36.76 marks, 55.35 marks, and ()4.35 marks, respectively.
If the duty on grain had not existed prices could not have reached their present
height in spite of a failure in the crop. It can be reckoned that in the case of many
families the additioufil cost per annum owing to the duty amounts to 12 to 15 per
cent, on a total iucome of 600 marks. This additional cost may be considered as a
very heavy one. It has always been maintained that the wages had increased in
consequence of the duties, but I have no knowledge thereof. The statistics of the
** UnfallbenifHgeuofisen8chafteu,"on the contrary, show that last year the income of
the laboring classes was 3 per cent, lower. It is a fault of the indirect duties that they
are always borne by the consinner. Bread is the principal article of food of the
family of the work people. We live in an a^e ofsocial reform, and yet the most
necessary article of food for the workingman is made dearer.
Ihe laborers in the country are said to receive higher wages since the introduction
of the duties on grain, but 1 require proof first of this, and should it be so, then it must
be also shown that the rise in wages had been due to higher duties aud not to any
other causes. The wages paid to the country laborer, especially in the East Prussia
provinces, are really starvation wages. That is the reason why annually swarms of
workingnien go from East Prussia, which alone furnishes 60 per cent, of thepniigranta
iu search of work to the western provinces, especially to Saxony (the so-called Saxon
wanderers). Even iu the proximity of Berlin the wages of the country population
are astonishingly low. The duty on grain therefore has certainly not contributed to
the improvement of the condition of the country laborers. Even among the land-
owners there is only a small minority fhat are better off by the grain duty than for-
merly.
Not less than the workmen have this class of land-owners also suffered by the grain
duties. At least four-fifths of the entire German population are interested in these
high-grain duties or has been in part Severely injured by them, and this injury can
not be made good by an increased consumption on the part of those who derive a
benefit from the high-grain duties. It is therefore a duty of justice and humanity
that the Reichstag should remove these duties. If you really intend seriously to
{)ractice social reform in the German Empire, you must devote yourselves to a reform of
egislation on taxes and duties. You show yourselves here as warm defenders of the
country, but you impose burdens on the same, especially on the poorer people. It
would be the most crying contradiction if such a system is to be upheld any longer.
Von Kardorff (conservative party) : *' The prices of grain, in spite of the duties, are
lower to-day than they were when there were no duties. Above all, it is necessary
that the people find cnii)loyment. 1 am convinced that what was said by the pre-
ceding speaker will have a contrary effect on the country population to what he ex-
* 100 pfennige eqaal to 1 mark.
268 COliMERCIAL BELATIONS.
pects. I bare not risen to contradict the preceding speaker, bnt etmpTy to argne the
condition of our affricaltiire,of which even the ^t people have formed erroneous
opinions. I i;?i11 take, for instance, a large farm in order to illustrate the condition
01 things in general. Said farm yielded formerly a gross income of 60,000 marks,
with expenses of management amounting to 40,000 marks. These expenses, as every
farmer will admit, hare not become less, but the reoeiots have fallen off 25 to 30 per
cent. The gross income, therefore, amounts to now only from 42,000 to 45,000 marks.
Here it must be remarkeid that the latter periods of calamity have rather increased a*
little the expenses of management.
'* Besides, I am not making any allowance for farms encumbered with debt or for
occasional accidents. From a Silesian farmer, I received the information that only
the owners of woods and forests had been able to realiEe the same rents as formerly,
but that other owners and land renters of his district have had heavier losses, and
he could say the same of ceighbonng districts, than any one could have expected a
few years ago. There are occurrences in which owners of farming laud have been
compelled to convert them into forests which bad been under cultivation for the last
one hundred and fifty years. With such a condition of things existing in any othw
branch of industry there would certainly be appeals made to the State. With no
class of the population is the distress greater than it is with the a^icnltural.
*' I sincerely regret that this class shoald be visited with a fate which they troly never
deserved. The peasant, free of debt, has got over the distress best of all, inasmuch
as there is scarcely a class in existence that is better able to endure privations than
the peasants are. The educated class of land-owners has also accustomed it«elf to
privations, but there is a limit to everything. Parents whose families for genera-
tions have been in the habit of giving their children a higher school education have
now to hesitate before seuding them to the common eqhools. The small holder fares
also worse than formerly, and with respect to the agricultural laborers, their position
is best illnstrated by statistics which point to a continual movement of the popula-
tion from the country to the towns and cities. The country becomes more and more
depopulated, while all the towns and cities are being overcrowded. •
** Mr. Bebel believes that the removal of the dnties on grain would make the prices
for bread cheaper. I, on the contrary, believe that it would lead to a further driving
of the population to the towns and cities. The desertion from the country has a very
serious meaning. In the discussion upon Sunday's rest it was shown that from year
to year the percentage of those workmen in the manufacturing districts nnfit for
military service was increasing. This point of view comes also under consideration
here. Only such people are strong who have lived from early youth in the country.
In this respect Russia has the advantage that its country population is constantly in-
creasing. In removing the duties on grain you would be aecidedly aiding and abetting
the antisetuitic movement, and one must be really oonvinced that such a movement
is at strict variance with the principles of tolerance, which, according to my concep-
tion, is the foundation of our modern life of society. The consequence thereof has
been that many clever and conservative Jewish citizens have been forcibly drive n into
the camp of the profpressi ve and social democratic party.
"This movement is gaining in importance from day to day. It is quite wron^^ly
asserted that capital will derive benetit from the removal of the duties. Opposing
interests between capital and production exist Jusl as little as between employers and "
employes. The gram duties have had but a small effect and I fully concur with
those who maintain that these duties have by no means yet improved the condition
of agriculture. I do not mean to say that the duties on grain ought to be raised still
higher. I wish only to remark that in time we shall arrive at other means to aid
agriculture, but as long as we do not possess«uch other means, we must stick fast to
the grain duties. According to my idea only those can vote for the removal of the
fprtkin duties who seek an interest to create distress and discontent among the labor-
ing population and to give strength to the antisemitic movement."
Such, then, are the views of an opponent and a supporter of the new grain dnties.
The officially published figures show that the average prices of grain were higher in
1888 than in 1887, as will be seen from the following:
Kinds.
iMa
WhfMit.
Bye ...
Barley.
Oata...
MaiM.
Tont.
Tont.
'140.78
$42.81
80.48
82.81
82.52
84.83
-26.41
81.07
81.28
27. 8S
* Calculation made from the mark at the rate of .238 oenta to the doUar.
BUBOPE— QERUAKT.
269
Siafemeni ihowifig the prieea of grain in the principal markeU of Qermany during each
monih of the year 188d per 1,000 kiloe (2,205 j>ouiid«).
Wlieat:
B€a>llD, good, aonnd
Breslaa, middling quality
Duitsic
Fnnkfort-on-tbe-Main . ...
H»Ue
. Colcwne
KoDiJesberg, gond
Lei psic, Qermaa, good ....
Llndaa
ICagdelmrg....
ICMiBbeiin
linniob
Pooen, good, Bound
Stettin
Stattgwt
Bye:
BerIfaB« goodt aonnd
Bremen, good,eoand
Bieslan
Dantzic
Frankfort-on-the-Main . . . ,
Halle
Cologne
KSnigaberg
«o
Leipxi
Lindan *
Lfibeck
Madgebnrg
Mannbeim
Hoaicb
Poeen
Stettin
Barley:
Brealan
Dan tide
Frankfort-on-tbe-Main
HaUe
Kdnigsberg
Leipzie ..,
Lindan
Jffagdebnrg
JiCannbeim
linnicb
Poeen
Stettin
Stuttgart
Oatn:
Berlin
Brealau
Cologne
Dantde
Frankfort-on-tbe-Main
HaUe
K5nigaberg
Leipaic
Lindan
HagdebuTg ,
Mannbeim '.
linnicb ,
Poeen
Stettin
Stnttgari
Jan.
Markt.
182.82
162.00
124.85
179.60
15a 00
172.37
152. 00
167. 18
186. »0
165.00
196. 20
186.00
153.80
167.23
200.00
118.00
oaoo
113. 00
1(2. 10
137.00
122.30
isr. 62
09.50
123. 72
163.50
129. («
122. 88
144. 70
135.50
102.20
115.33
110.00
102. 12
165.40
155.00
95.00
140. GO
169.00
142.50
159.30
164.00
103. 00
116. 00
165.00
110. 45
105.00
13L87
9a H
133.75
120. 00
oaoo
115.30
14.^00
]ia87
187.70
130.00
97.70
107.00
140.00
Feb.
Kar.
Marks.
161.00
152.50
124.85
naio
15a 00
172.90
152.00
16a 19
192.50
163.39
195.60
19a 00
153.60
163.72
202.50
151.96
109.00
09.64
136. 26
120. 15
131.50
9a50
122.00
163.50
120.00
120.44
143. 10
136.50
09.30
113. 14
110.00
102.52
167.50
152.50
OSlOO
137.50
171.00
140. :^8
163.50
166.50
102.00
116.00
170.00
109.00
lOi.OO
134.40
oaoo
132. 60
120. 15
ICO. 00
115.80
140.00
119.89
141. 00
140. 00
96.00
loaoo
147.50
Marks,
161.22
156.00
124. 22
179.45
ma 00
171.50
151.00
171.22
200.00
164.75
105.50
193.00
156.70
163.22
S03.00
116.80
109.00
100.92
136.25
na66
12a 00
oaoo
121.33
164.00
120.00
110.44
140.70
137 00
«9.30
112.06
110.00
103.68
167.50
151.00
95.00
137.50
172.00
140. 38
168.20
168.50
100.00
116.00
167.00
111. 46
104.00
137.26
07.74
132. 50
124.00
90.00
121.61
154.33
121. 75
142.00
141. 00
05.00
107.00
154.00
Apr.
Marks.
160.87
168.10
130. 78
184. 00
169. 5.)
174.50
163.00
181.25
207.50
174. C4
195.90
19a 50
36a 40
173.23
205.00
110. 48
93.75
iiaoo
106.43
13a 35
123.65
131.00
102.00
125.65
16.^00
120.00
121.36
143.10
137.00
102.80
117. 11
110.00
109.85
170.60
153.00
100.00
137.60
168.50
144.03
160. 20
16a 50
105. 00
120.00
165i00
116.85
111.00
180.83
105. 14
187.50
12a 00
102.00
125.66
16L00
124.50
141.80
142.60
101.40
115.00
152.00
ICay.
I
Marks.
174.50
172.00
130. 20
197.36
175. 80
187.00
168.00
18a 22
200.00
182.94
200.30
105.00
176.90
17a 91
210.00
126.02
94.00
12G.00
113. 72
142.00
128.05
144. 10
108.75
184.22
166.00
125.00
126. 61
14a 50
140. 00
110. 10
123.06
lia 10
109.25
170.00
153.00
102.00
141.67
169.50
148r88
170. 70
168.50
114.80
123.00
165.00
121.08
121.00
143.80
112.80
140.60
134.65
111.00
133.61
16a 50
127.44
142.50
148.00
110.00
123.00
148.00
Jnneu
Marks.
166.53
161.60
120.16
189.10
175. 40
18«.12
157.80
180.00
210. 00
17a88
198.60
103.00
16a 70
16a 73
20a 00
128.26
90.25
iiaoo
11a 24
143.76
134.26
147.00
100.25
187.39
105.00
125.00
131.60
145.70
144.30
113.70
125.58
uaoo
102.80
170.00
15a 00
100.00
167.00
145.00
170. 70
168.00
115.40
123.00
166.00
lia33
112.00
147.50
114.48
13a 10
141. 10
108.00
138.06
161.50
129.63
142.00
147.50
116.50
160.00
Jnly.
Marks.
165.88
161.40
128.54
183.76
170. 30
17a 62
160.00
175. 88
209.00
17a 06
197.43
104.50
162.60
167.16
208.00
127.85
86.75
121.00
lia27
145.00
132.60
130.37
100.50
13a 68
165.00
12a 00
129.18
144.60
140.50
lia30
124.01
Iiaoo
106.00
107.00
'i64.'66
16a70
170. 00
115.00
128.00
nasi
112.50
140 00
112.50
137. 50
139.40
112.00
137.00
163.00
127.25
142.60
147.50
iiaoo
126.00
161.00
270
COMMERCIAL BELATIONS.
Statement ihawing the j^ce$ of grain in ike principal markete of Germany during eodk
monih of the year 1888 — Continued.
Wbe*t:
BerUn, f^ood, wmnd
BreslAa, middling quality . .
Dantzio
Frankfort^n-the-Main
HaJIe
Cologne
KoQi^aberg, good
Lctpsic, German, good
Liodau
Magdebarg
Hanoheim
Manicb
PoHou, good, sound
St«ttin
Stuttgart
Eye:
Berlin, good nonnd
Bremen, good eound
Brefllan
Dantaio :...
Frankfort'Ott-tbe-Matn. . . . .
Halle
Cologne
Koiiigsberg
LeipHic
Llndau
Lubeck 4.
Magdeburg
Mannheim
Munich •
Posen
Stettin
Barley :
Brefllan
Dantzio
Frankfort-on-the-Main ....
Halle
Kduigsberg
Leipsic
Llndau • .'.....
Magdeburg
Mannheim
Munich
Poeen
Stettin
Stuttgart
Oats:
Berlin
Brenlau «
Cologne
Dantzio
Frankfort-on-the-Main
Halle f
KoDignberg
Leipsic
Linrlau....*.,
Magdeburg
Mannheim .
Munich ....
PoAPn
Stuttin
Stuttgart...
Aug.
Marha,
172.17
166.00
141.52
185.90
172.10
1&1.90
172. 00
170. 62
200.50
176.04
210.00
202. ijO
172.20
177.13
215.00
13a 83
94.50
142. 00
124.
146.
141. 95
140. 70
125.00
147. :u
16F. 50
142.00
138.88
153.30
100. 00
122. 50
136.94
118.30
120. 00
185.00
110.00
165.00
172. ro
160.30
177.50
120. 80
138.00
121. 02
124.00
142. 60
122.44
142. 20
141.20
120.00
142. 25
164.00
132. 12
146.50
153. 50
122. 00
130.00
150.00
Sept
Marki,
183.54
169. 90
151. 68
190.40
178.25
183.25
180.00
189.19
210. 00
183. .SO
217.80
189. 00
178.50
184.45
210.70
157.10
110.50
150.00
145.68
155.30
164. 25
144.37
141.75
169.50
171.50
158. 00
161. 15
162.00
159.00
141. 00
154.05
135.00
134. 05
170.60
188.00
117.60
164.17
178.33
183.60
162.50
175.00
133.60
150.00
160.00
134. 24
127. 00
128. 90
130. 20
143.75
150.90
120.00
151. 24
159. 66
143. 55
146. 80
153. 00
130. 20
142. 50
162.00
Oot
Marks.
1)-7.42
173.50
153.41
193.90
179.55
187.20
180.00
190.81
21a 60
187. 94
223.30
197.50
174. 10
189l76
217.40
159.38
109.50
15Sw 00
iWrn
170.30
145.00
143. 50
172.78
177. 00
162 00
166.61
165. 40
169.50
146.80
156.65
135.60
133.97
170.00
185. 00
117.00
166.83
202. 00
182.50
161. ^
172.50
136.70
150.00
170.00
144.23
135.00
137. 10
127.88
142.10
151.35
120. 00
ir>0. 89
150 00
14G.00
144.00
153.50
133. 10
141. 00
131.80
KOT.
Martt.
185.27
173.60
140.12
200.60
179.55
191.50
180.00
191. 12
218.50
188.81
223.90
197.50
172. §0
189.89
154.70
106.50
153.00
145.4M
156.65
167.75
137.00
17L44
175.00
102.00
164.18
166.30
171.00
143.80
152.17
136.00
181.25
167.50
184.00
117.00
172.50
194.00
181.94
160.00
172.50
134.20
146.00
185.88
132.00
139.62
124.87
134. 10
151. 15
116.00
149.63
146.00
147.63
140.00
163.50
131.20
138.00
134.00
Dm.
MarhM.
176.83
173.20
188.96
196.20
179.30
190.83
177.50
180.50
213.00
180lOO
220.10
195.00
173.60
190.11
22100
152.04
104.00
155.00
145.75
154.05
165.00
135.00
167.55
180.50
156.00
160.12
164.10
170.00
141.20
151. 31
184.80
124.40
164.40
186.50
114.00
171.25
189.00
180.93
156.90
172.00
127.40
148.00
188.08
134.00
132.60
116.60
140.00
149.20
111 00
148.25
147.00
14&06
141.00
155.00
128.10
137.00
134.00
Avvt-
1888.
Marks.
17124
165.06
135.17
188.23
171.21
181.47
166.08
180.92
206.83
177. 67
206.22
193.88
167.48
176.01
2b9.60
184.46
98.86
130. 7$
121.87
14&08
140. 75
137.07
117.31
144.13
168.63
136.50
138.53
1.51.63
150.70
119.74
131.86
I2L11
114.96
168.36
167.82
105.75
152.10
175.79
160.04
164.11
170.29
117.40
130.33
165.88
123.04
118.20
137.86
113.42
13&63
137.69
109.83
135.73
165.17
132.26
14138
146.92
114.58
124.95
146.44
Arer*
1887.
Mark*.
154.38
153.37
14L48
180.18
16170
171.44
150.17
170.13
201.74
106w36
190.13
190.08
150.11
1C6.36
194.36
120.88
94.63
120.92
107.37
137.34
126.84
13188
104.10
120.91
168.50
12L38
124.44
14157
141.56
111.96
11136
11123
10S.83
163.35
14141
07. iO
138.10
I8L21
158.29
155.97
157.38
105.74
123. 9S
161.89
9143
07.06
11194
09.63
12153
118.03
0125
11163
136.35
113.90
121.91
118.41
98.44
106.42
12148
The rise in the prices of rye and barley in 1888 began in April, with wheat and oati
it was earlier. The maxiniam was reached in November, and in December a decline
took place. This upward movement of the prices in the npring and a downward one
in December did not only take place in the year 18^18, but when the average prices of
the whole period of the past ten years is taken, it is observed that the prices of wheat,
rye, and oats began their npward movements in May and Jnne, which, however, did
not continue till November, but sunk considerably between this period. With barley
tbe movement was different ; its lowest stand of the average ten yean was in Jol/i
and its highest in October.
EUROPE — QEBMANY.
271
* PRICES OF GRAIN IN NBW YORK AND BOSTON.
It will be interestiDg to give here, as a comparison, the moyement in the prices of
wheat in New York and Berlin daring the years 1887 and 1888 :
Time.
Arenige in 1887
Jfnivary, 1888 . .
February
March
April
M»y
June
July
New York
red-winter
No. 2, per
bushel.
10.88.87
.90.05
.80.16
.00.18
.02.72
.00.32
.80.83
.88.01
Berlin
per ton.
Marks.
164.38
162.12
161.05
161. 22
160. 87
174.60
166.^8
166.88
Time.
Anf^st i
Sept4^mber
October..*.
November
December
ATem^^e id 1888
New York
red'Winter
No. 2, per
bnehel.
$0.06.36
.00.22
1. 11. 37
1. 08. 15
1.04.36
.06.62
Berlin
per ton.
Ifarikc.
172. 17
183.64
187.42
185.27
176.83
172.24
The figures show that while the increase in New York from 1887 to 1888 was about
9 per cent., in Berlin it was only about 4 per cent, during the same periods.
CROf YIELD.
The estimated yield of the e^p in the Kingdom of Prussia for the year 1888, tak-
ing 100 as an average, is as follows :
Winter wheat.
Winter rye.-..,
Summer barley
Oau
Peas
Brans ,
Vetch
Per cent
01
7?
04
06
04
03
01
Bnokwheat ..
Lupine
Potatoes
Winter rape.
Hops
Clover
Hay
Percent.
87
03
06
77
83
70
82
According to the above estimates there is not a single instance in which an average
crop is reached. Of the important agricultural products, oats is the only one that
bhowed better results than in the preceding year. The yields of the crops in Prussia
for the years 1887 and 1888 were as follows:
Crop.
Wheat
Kje...
Barley
Oau...
Peas ..
Beans.
Vetch.
1888.
Tont,
1, 200, 187
8.377,148
085.340
2,566,027
212,413
120.480
68,730
1887.
Tom.
1,485,427
4,360.007
1,074,105
2,664,376
267, 257
138.866
01,065
Crop.
Buckwheat
LnpinOi
Potatoes
Bape and rape seed
Hops
Clover
Hay
1888.
TonM,
04.223
86.001
12,008,702
82.300
1,794
2, 316, 470
6, 700, 332
1887.
lbn«.
81,047
100, 336
16, 164, 801
88,003
1.892
2,364,826
6,233,560
By a glance at the above figures it will be readily seen that the estimated yield of
the crops in the year 1688, in comparison with that of 1887, turned out very badly.
The crop season of 1888 was a very cold and wet one, and hence these poor resulta.
Taking the yields of wheat and rye in 1887 in Ions at 1,485,427 and 4,309,007, respect-
ively, the yields for the year 1888 show a falling off in tons of 276,290 and 991,859,
respectively.
ABBAS UNDER CULTIVATION.
The areas of the cereals and other products under cultivation in Prussia in 1887
•were as follows:
Hectares.*
Winter wheat 1,018,051
Winterrye 4,836,301
Summer barley « 011,216
Oats 2,48r>,066
Peas 844,208
Beans 102,124
Hectares.*
Bnokwheat 101,602
Potatoes 1,005,118
Winterrape 82.840
Hops 4,454
Clover 1,111,708
Hay 8,204,736
Hectare as 2^ acres.
272
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Taking the yields of 1887, the ayeran^e prodaot in tons, per heotaie, was as follows:
By«...
Bailoy
Tons.
L40
LOO
1.17
TOBI.
PoUtoM 8.U
Oata LOT
H»y ^ LIO
OKRMAIYT'8 GBAIK IMPORTS.
Rassia and Anstria-HaneaiT oontinne to monopolise Gennany's import trade in
breadstnffs. Out of a totid of 330,830 tons of wheat imported into the Zollverein of
Germany, Rnssia fomished 149,719 tons, Anatria-Hangary 120,272 tons, and the United
States only 2,181 tons. Of rye, out of a total of 648,562 tons, Russia furnished 467,061
tons, and Austria-Hungary U,854 tons ; of barley, out of a total of 440,030 tons, Rus-
sia furnished 118,185 tons, and Austria-Hungary 221,775 tons. The annexed table
giTes au exact statement of the imports and exports into and from the GermairZoll-
▼erein, according to countries, duriug the past five years:
ImporU and exporlB of grain into and from the German ZoUverein during the year 1887,
by countries and the total for the four preceding years.
Countries.
Bromsn and Hsmborg
Belicinm
France
Oreat Britain
Holland
Anatria-Hangary ,
Roaaia
United 8t«tea
All other
Totalafor—
1««8 ,
1887
1886
1885
1864
Wheat.
porta.
8,875
9,658
242
127
24,107
120,272
149,719
2,181
15; 649
330.830
547,265
227.796
572,423
754, 511
Ex-
porta.
Tons
572
80
15
29
262
18
21
160
Bye.
porta.
Tons.
9?, 940
16,708
1,286
253
60,588
11,854
467,061
863
7,568
1,107 648,562
2, 8S9I638, 543
8,293
14, OM)
86,913
562,569
769, 700
061,569
Sx-
porta.
Tont.
2,131
27
41
21
4
28
Barley.
Im-
porta.
Ex.
porta.
Tons,
79,783
7.691
822
292
12,145
261221,775
118,185
188
8,668
2,241444,030
8.104 511,625
3, 1981353, 841
4,020 438.086
6,286,440,080
Tons,
16,928
15
40
S»624
785
99
662
464
Oata.
Im*
porta.
Tens
6.116
^879
44
465
21,776
11,095
186,767
86
1,804
28,437181,116
20,747167,677
58,0801 81,028
24,716218,083
37,265,360,412
Ex.
porta.
Tons.
1*2601
201
S6
M
66
68
17
178
1,810
8,285
16,488
12,820196,
18,627
IlD>
porta.
Tons
80,782
7.119
30
157
2,857
16,807
15^828
16,
64.092
160.685
160^841
821
198,001
porta
Tom.
1
4
6
1
12
10
34
1,835
140
281
416
H
obrmany'b sugar industry.
In the hope that the sugar crisis of the campaign of 1885-'86 would soon come to
an end the area of beets planted in 1887 was not yery much larger than that culti-
vated in the preceding year, which had been reduced as much as possible in order to
ayoid an overproduction. The condition of the industry in the campaign of 1886>'87
did not tnm out as it had been boped it would and so it was again thought necessary
to reduce the prodnction in the foliowiog campaign. In 1887 the manufacturers not
only reduced their area, but also made smaller contracts with the farmers. The
farmers, therefore, who raise beets for sale, that is those who are not mannfactnrers
themselves, planted less because they were unable any longer to realise the profits
which* thev had hoped for. The production of beets in the campaign 1884-'85
amounted in tons to 10,402,688; campaign 1885-'86 to 7.070,316 ; campaign 1886-'87 to
8,306,671, and campaign 1887-'88 to 6,963,960. The prices paid for beets in the last
campaign ranged from 1.50 to 2.40 marks per 100 kilos.
The technical improvements in the campaign of l;:i87- '88 in beet sugar mannfiicture
consisted in evaporation contrivances and filtering processes. The improvemeut in
in the first instance consisted in a greater saving in the use of waste steam, by making
the evaporation space larger and the heatinja; of the apparatus more than" formerly
with indirect steamy whereby a material saving in heating fuel is accomplished. In
the purifying of the beet Juice sulphurous acid has been brought more into nse;
also, the repeating treatment of the Juice with lime and carbonic acid, with the
nse of the filtering presses, has proved satisfactory. A new separation process,
with the addition or carbonate of magnesia, is reported to have worked with good
results in the Rhineland.
In the campaign of 1887-'88, there ware 167 factories that prepared sngar firom mo-
lasses against 137 in the preceding campaign, of which 84 worked by the "Osmose"
process. As long as the prices of sugar were low and the price of molasses propor-
tionately so, this process went largely out of use on account of too small profits, but
it has been reoommenoed in the Uwt year by a large number of Haotories, becanae the
^UBOPE— QERMART.
273
eorrespondlDg prices of sngar and molasses have beeo more favorable. In the cam-
paign of 1886~'tf7, 55 factories worked with thn <*OMmoee" piecess, 3 in 18h5-'86, 79 in
1884-'«5, 115 in ld8:J-'84, 1:^4 in l«t«-'83. and 135 in ISSl-'&a. In lrtb6-'87, 48 factories
worked with the " Elntion" process, 9 with the **8ub»titution," 3 with the "Precipi-
tation," 20 with the "Separation,":^ with the " Strontiam,"and 1 with the •* Manoury.*'
The following qnaniities of molaSHes were nsed for being converted into sngar by
the above factories in the campaign of 1866-^87:
TODB.
OsmoM process ....• • 88. 0.'H
BhiUon and precipitation process 88,260
SabstitutioD process 11,754
Separation pi-ocess 30.889
Strontium process 6,341
All other processes 761
Totia 1 - 215, a56
The prices of sngar in the last campaign were more favorable in consequence of the
prospect of a reduction in the production of beets, and of a smaller supply of sngar,
on hand. In September and October there was a considerable sinking in the prices,
bat from that time they began to rise, when in Jan"ary their highest points were
reached. During the remaining period of the campaign, although the movement in
the prices from February to May was downward, it took an upward coarse in June
and July. The average prices of sugar in the principal markets of Germany per 100
kilograms daring the last and preceding campaigns were as follows :
Campaign.
•
.Beflned sngar.
Baw sugar.
Bruns-
wick.
Cologne.
Mftgde-
borg.
Bruns-
wick.
Cologne.
Maicdo.
burg.
]887-'88
Marks.
58.76
53.36
Marks.
69.43
64.43
Marks.
67.70
52.114
Marks.
46.83
41.27
Marks.
48.67
48.53
Marks.
46.39
1886^*87
41.29
»
The annexed table of the production of beet sugar in Qermany during the past sev-
enteen years shows what wonderful proprress there has been made in this one industry
in Germany. The number of factories in operation rose from 311 in 1871-^72 to 39 L in
lH87-^88, and the quantity of beets worked during the same period rose from 2,250,000
to near 7,000,000 tons. The largest quantity of beets worked during said period was
in 1884-'85, which amounted to 10,500,000 tons. (See Table A.)
The exports of raw beet sugar from the German ZoUverein rose from 5,666 tons in
1871-^72 to 553,793 tons in 1H84-'85, which fell oflf to 344,710 tons in 1887-^88. The ex-
port bounties amounted in 1871-^2 to aboat $922,468, and in 1887-'88 to a little over
$2,700,000. The tot>aI gross receipts of the taxes on sngar in 1871-72, including the
import duties, were $11,54(5,044, and in 1887-'88, $26,040,844. The net income, there-
fore, to the Government, that is, after deducting the bounty, was only a little above
$1,000,000 in 1887-'88, against $10,625,000 in 1871^72. The highest net income re-
ceived by the Government dnring the seventeen years was in 1882-^83, when it
amoanted to about $16,000,000.
Bevenueifrom taxes on sugar heet colUoted in ike ZoUtferein of Oermany.
»
188(>-*81
188l-'82
lB82-'83
18Ka.'84
issiv-'es
1884-'87
Gross re-
ceipts from
sngar tax.
IOC 11 c a-
$24,077,024
28,833,676
83,309,] £8
33,^60,239
89, 613. 436
28,923,706
33.008,791
28,176,253
18
Gross ro>
ceipta from
import dnty
on suj^ar.
$352,470
361, 297
411,765
833, 314
328. 107
841,45^
293,161
442, 135
Total gross
receipts
ftt>m sU
taxes and
dnty.
$24,429,404
24, 244. 873
83. 720. 923
84.2i^3,553
39.941,5i3
27.265,221
33, 901, 952
28,618.388
Bounties on
exports.
$13,468,421
10. 3.32, 189
17, 70*;. 644
22, 919, 9:)5
30, 571, 744
21. 430, 075
27. 175, 207
27.010,844
Net receipts from
taxes ana duties.
Total.
Per
capita.
$10,971,073
13, 912. 684
16,014.279
11, 373. 618
9. 369. 799
5. 8.9,146
6, 726, 745
1,577,544
274 COmiERCIAL r^slations.
Table A.— /Vodwofion 0/ beet-gugar in Qtnuany fn^m 1871-'72 to 1887-'88.
1
0
1
Faotorlea ob*
taining Jnioe
by-
Total
amonnt
of beetfl
worked.
Amonnt
produced
by the
faotorieB.
•
Amonnt
pur-
chased
by the
factories.
Qnantitlea obtained.
Yean.
•
1
i
1.
a Z
0k
48
41
43
39
88
83
24
16
0
4
8
8
2
2
1
1
1
18
Fffling
mane.
Raw su-
gar prod-
uct of all
kinda.
Mo.
laaaefl.
1871-72
187^'73
187a-74
1874-'76
1876-'76
187B-'77
18n-*78
187S-'79
187»-'80
1880-'81
1881-'8a
188^*88
1888-'84
1884-'86
1885-*86
]886-'87
1887-'88
811
324
337
833
332
828
329
3-^4
328
333
343
358
376
408
809
401
891
68
63
80
113
J57
197
224
258
291
809
324
343
308
402
395
387
887
216
230
214
181
137
98
81
50
28
20
16
12
6
4
8
3
3
Tons,
2,250,918
8, 181, 550
3, 52H, 763
2,7.-6.745
4,161,284
3. 560, 036
4, 090, 963
4, 628, 747
4, 805, 261
6, 322, 203
6, 271, 947
8, 747, 183
8, 918, 130
10, 402, 688
7,070.316
8. 306. 671
6,963,960
Torn.
1, 604, 361
2, 101, 801
2, 420, 008
1, 808, 094
2, 837, a06
2, 490, 163
2, 872, 775
3,114,029
2.850,686
S. 871, 678
3,431,753
4,448,631
4, 205, 063
4, 936, 245
4,199,047
4, 436, 083
a, 797, 651
Tom.
746,667
1, 080, 249
1, 107. 855
848,650
1, 324, 977
1, 059. 882
1, 218. 192
1, 514, 717
1 1,954,876
2,455,062
2, 840, 194
4. 298, 521
4,713,066
6. 466, 442
2, 871, 269
3,870,587
8. 16C, 308
Tom.
262,908
871,617
412, 114
368,044
602,818
405,. 'MS
615,695
576,180
656,409
739,336
774.004
1,093,556
1, 216. 870
1,448,618
1.025,777
1,246,983
1,123,929
Tom.
186.441
262.551
291. 010
256,412
358,048
289.428
378,009
426, 155
409,415
556,915
699,722
831.905
040,100
1,128,030
808,104
9^5,627
910,liO8
Tom.
63.391
01.588
105,818
07.602
133,963
lit 101
122,813
133,661
131,370
164.984
150.813
1U6,304
207,978
290,099
180,177
215,887
183,086
Average.
361
256
76
6,644.549
3, 260, 274
2,884,226
743,374
56^45a
160,039
At the preoent date the beet-sugar prodactiou amounts in meter tons, at 1,000 kilo-
grams, tCh—
Countriea.
In Germany
In AmttnA'Hnn-
gary
In France
In RnsaU and Po-
land
InBelginm
In Xetnerlands . . .
In other oonntriea
Total
187<^-'77.
Tom.
• 289,422
841,653
243,182
250, 000
45, 628
16, 078
10,000
1881-'82.
Tom.
509, 722
411.015
39:\269
308,779
73, 136
20,000
10,000
]88'3-*83.
Tom.
818,124
472, 002
423, 194
284,481
82,723
25,000
10, 000
1883-'84.
1884-'85.
Ton9.
025,000
435, 000
450,000
300.000
90,000
80,000
10, 000
; Ton».
!l, 123, 030
j 450,000
475,000
320, 000
9J,000
35, 000
10,000
1,106,668
1, 816, 021 ;2, 146, 634 i2, 240, 000
2, 605, 030
1885-'86.
Tom.
808,100
475.000
460.000
316.000
00,000
32,000
10.000
a, 100, 100
1886-'87.
1887-'8&
Tom.
085,600 ,
460,000
465,000 .'
820.000
93.000 {
35,000
10,000
2.800^200
torn
010.
400,000
400.000
430,000
93,000
60,000
2,206,001
k
EUBOPE — GEKM AKY. 275
Table Xl.^ImporU and exporU of $ugar in Me Oerman CueiotM Union,
Imports.
Exports.
fifloal jears.
1^.
ill
•§11
§ • CJ
®29
B d «
tMrt
i
1
a
s
6
a
Is
■OS
i
1
CO
«
1
m
1
s
3
o
a
•a
II
a
h
"J
1
H
Si
1
I 0
0
30
1
1
"3
1.
2.
3.
4.
6.
0.
7.
8.
9.
10.
1871-'72
100 kUoi.
127, 305
124, 886
161,483
141, OLO
145, 273
77,097
49, 153
39. 012
29, 831
22, 6.H
22, 016
21, 038
15,577
12,645
12,800
14,018
100 kilos.
815.832
97, 562
84.148
89,133
24, 626
10. 172
11,674
15, 304
16,764
12,652
15,049
23,705
18,763
20,668
26, 203
15, 075
100*ito*.
73,298
69, 323
61,021
66,587
48^397
63, 188
41,028
38.329
2^,996
83, 220
33. 139
35, 360
32, 216
83, 372
28,942
37, 166
100 kilos.
M,34I
23,716
60,422
50,335
4,748
28,600
7,054
81,827
72, 369
48, 510
4,588
3,611
1,696
2,816
100 Hhi.
56,665
81,777
118,092
28,838
458,942
462,189
712. 010
1,034,718
915,616
2,214,420
2,639,810
3.907,027
4,911,761
6, 537, 931
4,040,715
4, 896, 801
100 kOot.
41,763
51, 331
41,120
89,452
47,125
73, 935
140, 013
193, 561
252, 364
353, 787
399,160
493,811
642,469
760,154
660,196
1,303,789
100 kilos.
16,828
28,472
26,310
15, 359
25,329
43,423
83,416
113,966
97,052
206,814
144,130
242,181
208,679
318.862
205,689
238,828
lOOKIo*.
19,894
8,043
21,182
16,581
19,588
9,857
6,764
2,248
2,073
1,056
615
646
607
403
365
414
lOQ kilos.
8,563
35, 650
79,363
79.829
1872-73
1873-'74
1874-75
1875-76
84.688
122,624
148L744
187«-*77
1877-78
1878-'79
174, 507
171, 576
160, 782
211 183
1879-80
1860-*81
1881 '83
1882-'83
141, 478
255, 381
650,618
611,206
1883-'84
1884-*85
188&-'86
188<^'87
1
245, 094
Ayerago. . .
83,491
49,864
43, 350
25,727
1, 997, 051
343,377
131, 652
6,861
195, 004
WOOL.
The last year's market in wool experienced no flaotnations of importance, bnt has
been steady and fairly maintained. Althongh there has been an increase in the pro-
dnction of wool, the stocks have at no time accumalated to such an extent as to in-
terfere in any way with the sale of the raw material, so that even at the close of
the year the supplies on hand are small. The epinneries are furnished with orders for
many months to come, and if no adverse influences show themselves no change in the
present steady and satisfactory state of business is anticipated.
The total imports of wool into Germany were as follows :
Blinds.
Imports:
Bmw wools
Shoddy
Exports:
Raw wool
Shoddy
Home prodaction ..
Home consumption
1888.
(hot
2,632,000
189,000
267,000
290,000
490, OOU
2,774,000
1887.
OwL
2,217,000
120,000
199,000
288,000
400, 000
2, 840, 000
1880.
OwL
2, 174, 000
156,000
261,000
264,000
400,000
2,«»5,000
1885.
(hot,
1,976,000
160,000
202,000
273,000
490, nOO
2, 157, 000
The prices per kilogram of the chief descriptions of wool were as follows
Kinds.
Csps:
Extra super snow white
Good coontry Hooored
Average eaetem fleeoe
Averaging 40 per cent, grease
Bnenos Ayree. prune
FOTfisrantsa, flseos wool ,
1888.
1887.
1880.
Marks.
Marks.
Marks.
3.30
3.80
3.70
2.60
2.50
2.80
L80
L70
2.00
1.26
1.20
1.35
3.60
3.60
3.70
2.80
2.85
8.20
1886.
Marks.
3.20
2. 1'O
1.60
1.10
3.00
2.70
276
COMMERCIAL BELATIONB.
WOOLBN YABVa
Imports.
Bxport*.
IBM.
8M,000
197,000
1887.
88i,000
121«000
1888.
408,000
128,000
188Bl
OteL
880.000
113,500
EMIGRATION FROM OXRMANT IN 1664.
DuriQ£ the year 1888 transatlantio emigration amoanted to 08,515 persona. In
oomparraon with former years the figures were as follows :
1887 W.7ia
1886 79,875
1885 107.238
1884 .". 142,580
1883 100,118
ISftS 198,808
1881 210,547
1880 1001180
1878 88,887
1878 14»J17
The following table Hhows the dtfferont proTiaces from whence the emigrants went
and the number of the same in the year 1888 :
lEMtPniMla 2,118
WestPrnMla 12,014
Bnuidenbiirif 4,6>1
Ponierania 7,246
Posen 12,4ii4
Silesia 2,3ff7
Saxony 1,518
Sobleawlg.HoUtoiii 4,433
Hanorer 8,157
Wcntphallft 2,001
Hf'aiie-NiiMaa 8,204
KMneland 4,207
HobenBoUem 70
BftTaria 12,248
Saxony (klnfir<i<nn) 2,297
Wartemberg 0,444
Baden 3,860
Hesse 2,220
Mecklenburg Sohwerin 1, 145
Saxe-Weimar 808
Mecklenbttrg-Strelita 241
OldeoboTg 1,838
BrunswioK 822
Saxe*Meinlngen 212
Saxo-Altenbnrg • 00
Saxe<;obarg-Goths 284
Anbalt 101
Schwanbarg-Sondorshansen 51
Schwarabnrg-Rodolstadt 88
Waldeck 81
Reuss, elder branch 41
Beuss, younger branch 114
Sobaamburg-Lippe 06
Lippe 122
Lnbeok 80
Bremen ».. 1,008
Hamburg 1,822
Elsass-Lothrlngen 9S7
Unoertaln 108
88.51S
It will be seen from the above fi);;nre8 that the largest contingent of emigrants is
furnished by West Prussia, Posen, Bavaria, and Wdrtemberg, aiM which are chiefly
agricultural districts.
AID TO THE POOR IN OBRMANT.
With regard to the care of the poor in Germany, some statistics have recently been
collected and published by the Qovernment which give some interesting information
on this subject. The statistics refer to the year 1885, and it appears that the Qerman
Empire had in that year 1,592,386 persons obtaining relief, equal to 3.4 per cent, of the
population. The total cost of the relief of the poor in Germany amounted in that year
to 92,452,517 marks, equal to 1.97 marks per head of the population, or 58.09 marks for
each person assisted.
It is generally supposed that the poorer districts in Germany fhmish the lar^^est
number of poor seeking relief, but such is not the case, as Just in those distnctS)
which are better off, comparatively more persons are relieved than in poorer districts.
For instance, at the North Sea the fertile marshy districts of the Weser and the Elbe
show a higher poor relief than the adjoining heath-lands in West and East Prussia;
then again iu th^ fertile lowlands of the Vistula and Memel the poor relief is greater
than in the so-called rugged localities (rauhe Gegenden) of Pomerania. In Wiir-
teinberg, in the wild regions of the Bodensee, a larger number of poor are relieved
than on the nnfertile plains of the AIn region. The aid given to the poor is much
larger in the cities and towns than in tne country, and which is explained by the fact
that the organizations for such purpose iu the former places are mors petfeot and the
opportunities and means for assistance greater.
ni
EUBOPE — G EBUANT.
277
WAGES.
The statiRticaof the wages of workmen, compiled by the ** Bera&genossenschaften ''
(trade aflaociations), show that the wages in ISS6 of 3,473,435 workmen amounted to
:e,148,000,000 marks, or an average of 618 marks per head, and in 1887 of 3,861,560
workmen to 2,389,000,000 marks, or an average of 620 marks per head. It is, how-
ever, asserted that throagh miscalculation the number of workmen In 1887 is put
down at abont 200,000 persons too high, in which case the average wages per head
for the year would be 640 marks.
Wm. D. Wamer,
dmsuh
United States Consulate,
Cologne, February 23, 1889.
Valme of declared exports from the consular district of Cologne to (he United States during
the four quarters of the year ending December 31, 18da
Aztloles.
Beaded pasaenieiiteiie
Books and stationery
Chemical apparatas*
Choo(^te
Clay pipea •
ColoKDe water
Dyea, chemicaLs and colon ....
Earthenware ■
Glasi, stained
(ireaae
Hardware
Homstrips
Indigo an xillary
Iron (tplejEel)
Leather, hides, and skins
Linen
Machinery
Mineral wat«r
Orange mineral .»
Paperhangings
Piotoree
Rags ^
SilkvelTete and plash, cotton
mixed
Soap
SteM (wire and rods) ,
Sondries
Wine and beer
Zino white
Total
Total for same quarter in
preceding year
Inoreaae.
I>eoreaae
Quarter ending —
Kar. 81. 1888.
114,211.73
3. 763. 49
8, 106. 83
43,044 70
2. 302. 28
2.303.84
88. 978. 66
12. 102. 72
10. 350. 57
892.64
182.62
1, 557. 69
7, 688. 02
116. 253. 04
16.882.53
12,211.10
74,801.50
38.810.22
21,278.27
2.002.28
84,067.88
5,107.53
51,058 38
2, 006. 02
28, 829. 56
4, 189. 38
540.282.46
793, 184. 03
Jane 80, 1888.
243, 901. 57
$8, 175. 16
8.832.95
6, 189. 64
20, 181. 77
1. 104. 20
1, 672. 86
44.004.81
13.141.35
6,223.72
787.54
635.18
8. 169. 00
12,896.60
78, 872. 72
50,183.99
8,905^73
8,293.29
^78.781.57
12, 986. 26
701. 02
333.56
75,174.16
5, 812. 16
23. 506. 15
2, 615. 26
57,764.93
2,628.98
Sept 30, 1888.
618,977.65
775, 279. 06
266, SOL 50
$7, 260. 87
2,275.46
6,557.07
21,074.89
2, 691. 15
2,872.65
46, 869. 29
2L 137. 49
3,357.66
684.86
216.82
8, 05a 60
11, 305. 70
176t 690. 62
65. 016. 28
18,508,55
17, 102. 36
83, 570. 36
15^595.68
857.00
80,663.97
4.711.29
20,455.69
3,677.09
84,639.56
8,830.32
654, 990. 87
925,040.65
Deo. 81, 1888.
270,030.28
$4,044.02
1, 737. 15
3, 018. 04
38,503.83
1,233.18
2,807.68
70,024.77
16,162.87
2,618.62
1,258.27
1,554.84
4,004.23
13, 018. 08
188,581.03
65,143.00
11,847.82
4,02L02
48. 816. U
26,444.88
33,437.47
4. 276. 78
41,066.26
2, 000. 20
40,010.56
7,617.85
68&622.03
631,692.80
4,030.04
Total
$34, SOL 78
11,100.04
18. 871. 58
123, 797. 69
7, 330. 81
0.746.88
200,777.54
62,643.08
22,654.77
8,623.31
2,580.46
11, 870. 70
45,808.30
559,407.81
198, 125. 80
46,473.20
100, 200. 07
248,978.26
76,304.60
70L03
690.66
2,002.28
224,243.46
19,907.76
136,986.49
10, 29a 57
162; 153. 61
18,^66.53
2,359,873.31
8,126,196.62
765,323.31
DANTZIC.
BBPOST BY CONSULAR AQENT OOLLAS FOR TBJS TEAR 1887.
The year 1887 must be reckoned as one of the most unpFofitabJe for the trade of
Dantzie, for not only the majority of bat also the most extensive branches of com-
meroial and indastrial activity were worse than the unfavorable year 1886.
Although a marked change for the better took place in October, in conseqaence
of the abundant harvest, it could not makeup for the disadvantages of the first three
quarters of the year.
The arrivals of vessels numbered 1,813 and the departures 1,831. Of the former,
there were 551 and of the latter 152 in ballast.
During the nine first months wheat shipments were very inconsiderable, and it
only after the new crop, which was large and of good quality, that acti vity took
278 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
place, owing to the liberal Riip]>lios which wcro directed to export placea on acconnt
of tho increiised rate of duty for thu interior of the country. Stjpuieuts amonnted
to 97,776 tons, chiefly to Groat Britain hut also to Denmark and Germany.
Rjo exports were 1H,72:$ tons, or 11,455 less than 1886, the demand from Scandinayia
bein<; limited in compaiison with former years.
The crop of barlov turned out very satisfactory in onantity and qnality. Shipments
exceeded those of the previous year by 8,000 tons. Feeding and distilling barley ar-
rived in large quantities from Russia. Malting sorts were in demand for Great Britain
and the Rhine.
The traffic in pease was not large, but a very extensive bosiness took place In horse
beans, of which, owing to the efibrt« of some merchants in this market, large quanti-
ties were directed here from Galioia. The qnality was excellent, the demand from
England active, and 7,000 tons left the place, against 378 in 1886.
The bulk of wheat flour shinmeuts was to Scandinavia, but tlie demand was not
brisk, except for a short perioil, when tlie dei)ate8 regarding higher duties were going
on in the Swedish Parliament, but the demand oeast^d when the motiou was thrown
out. On the other hand, exports of bran were very considerable. Large arrivals of
Russian aud Polish produce took place, and the demand from Denmark and Norway
being extensive, large quantities were directed thither.
The yield of rape and rubson seed was good, the bulk of arrivals was nsed on the
spot, sav about 16,000 tons, and 8,870 were shipped. Oil shipments amount to
40,000 hundred weight to Great Britain, 44,000 to Dutch, and 43,000 to Belgian ports.
Of these the greater part was destined for the Rhine. Oil-cakes to the extent of
190,000, hnndi'ed weight were consumed in the country and 65,000 directed to Den-
mark and Sweden.
The competition of Russian spirits and spr^th as again severely affected the distiller-
ies here, which also suffered great ly through the uncertainty of the duties the Gov-
ernment intended to levy. This state of affairs was taken advantage of by the
Russians and Swedes, who found a market in Spain where hitherto they had a Tory
small footing. Of the inland production only 1^^9,000 hundred weight, against 400,000
last year, were shipped to Spain, whilst Russian amounted to 288^000.
Exports of beet sugar show a great decrease, the yield of the beet-root having been
mnch less productive this season, so that arrivals from the interior were far smaller
than in 1886. The shipments amounted to 1,498,500 hundred weight, of which 8,000
went to the United States. About 350,000 hundred weight of molasses were ^ent to
France.
An improvement in the timber trade can scarcely be quoted, although certain sorts
were in fair demand, viz, staves, sleepers, and the better qualities of beams. Ot^her
countries, through more facile modes of communication, compete sucoessfnlly witJi
Dantzio in consequence of the cheapness of their material. Inferior qualities ore very
ditricult of sale.
Some shipments of old iron have taken place to the United States and a fair quan-
tity of chemical wood pulp, as well as am her goods were forwarded thither.
The exports of spruce-beer are about thA same as last year.
Shipping has remained in the same nnsatisf^Kitory condition. There was little or
no employment for sailing vessels till the autumn, and freights were even then not
tempting. Steamers were obliged to accept low rates, far from being remunerative.
Imports of petroleum from the United States amounted to 1845,608 hnudi*ed weight,
from other ports to 3,87*2, but no doubt the imports of the former will increase, as it ap-
pears that the use of Rus.siau oil has reached its limit; indeed, it becomes apparent
that the American product is nnich preferred, for not only here, but in the interior,
the consumption of the hitter is increasing so that it may reasonably be supposed"
imports "Will augment. The Polish demand will on account of the high duties scarcely
revive. Prices evince a rining tondenoy and are now quoted 13 marks against 11.40
marks at this period last year.
Rosin, to the extent of 40,000 hundred weight, was received from the United States.
Lard was not imported direct, but reached this via Stettin, Antwerp, and Bremen.
About 12,000 hundred weight of tallow, chiefly Anstr.illan, were received via Lon-
don from whence, Antwerp, and Bremen. A good deal of cotton, mostly for transit to
Poland, reached this port.
Fourteen vessels, one of which, under the American flag, arrived direct from the
United States. •
Horse-rakes and self-binders were received from th ?. United States ; field engines,
threshing machines, formed iron, and cast-steel goods from England. Of pig-iron,
about 18,000 tons arrived from Great Britain, being about one-half less than last yeiu'.
The forwarding business has again decreased, as being dependent on the demand
from Poland. Increased duties in Russia prevent the ingress of many articles.
The trade in herrings was very bad, aud prices declined gradually, owing to the
heavy stocks on hand, aud an early arrival of fresh fish ; besides a large catch of
sprats on this coast served as a compensation for the consuming population.
EUROPE — GERMANY.
279
BnsiTiem !n colonial prorlace waa again slow.
Only about 10,300 tons of Bait were imported.
The'arrivalB ot British coal and coke were 45,000 ions less that last year.
Pktbr Collas,
Consular Agent,
United Statu Consular Agency^
DanUio, December 31. 1888.
Importi at Dan tr|o far the year ending December ^ 1887.
DeMriiitloii.
OoffiM
Coco% obocolato
Chicory and other suiro-
gat«»
Te*
BiM
Sugar, raw and refined. . . .
Simp and mohMseB
Pepper and pimento
Cinnamon and other spicea
SoQthem fruita and pre-
aervet
Tobacco and tobacco man-
nfactnrea
Wine and mnat
Arrac, ram, brandy
Beer
Honey
lieat and bacon
Lard
Herrings
Salt
Sundry articles of consomp-
tion
Grain and sgricoltaralprod-
noe.
Chicory roots
Drags and chemicals
OliTe-oil
liinseed-oil
Palm and ooooa-nat oil. . . .
Other oils
TaUow
Train-oil
Spermaceti and stearine. . .
Other greases, soap, per-
fames
Oil-cakea
Petrolenm
Qaantity.
(hot.
44,056
3,440
29,186
558
45,136
14, 008
9,338
10, 036
2,040
23,988
6,680
38,742
10, 174
5.}«50
3, 002
12,992
44,88H
414, 320
206,534
50,140
26,784
10,180
276,900
1,972
25,650
8,490
13, 592
12, 144
11,020
1,038
5,494
d6,342
190,480
Value.
$908,750
39,376
87,600
15,000
118,500
175,500
27,500
151, 500
37,376
182,600
131,250
443, 850
121, 750
18,225
18,750
130,000
395,375
532,000
40,876
167,650
58,875
15,900
612, 750
21, 325
125, 750
44.575
60,275
75,500
65.100
12,975
64,525
46.626
286,250
Description.
Rosin
Asphalt, tar, pitoh
Pig and old iron
Iron, forged and ruled
KaiU
Steel, iron, and steel plates.
Cast iron and steel goods. .
M achinery. ancbors. chains.
Lead and lead goods
Pewter and pewter goods. .
Copper, copper wire, and
brass
Earths, ores, chalk, Urae . . .
Cement
Stones and stone- wares —
Bricks, oLay pipes, and
wares
Porcelain
Glass and glassware
Coals and coke
Kon-Buropean timber
EuropeMi timber
Coopers', cabinet makers'
goods, furnitnre, etc
Cotton
Woel
Yarns, cotton and woolen
gooas
Roi>e-makers' gnods
Flax, hemp, oakum. Jute. . .
Hides and skins
Kags
Paper and paper wares
Guano
Other articles not men*
tloned
Spelter and spelter goods. .
Qaantity.
41,732
116,910
893,828
79,484
27,100
43,106
70.392
21,042
9,650
8,388
16.846
521. 780
80,626
168,820
181,156
852
2,744
4,392,160
3,222
2,056
28,600
838,110
11,200
89.9S6
%002
83,764
23,400
4,120
17, 610
8,922
11,664
234
Total
Value.
$48,760
112,500
206,760
161, 27S
29,175
108,750
880,500
143,060
82,776
96,875
192,506
138^426
40,226
82,626
48,726
4,260
83,700
603,960
9,426
2,000
168,760
8,474,000
292,500
912,500
28,750
96,100
886,000
7,775
0^226
6,875
99,650
1,876
13,184,126
Experts from Dantziofor the year ending December, 1887.
DescrlptloiL
; Qaantity.
Wheat
Rye
Barley
OaU
Pease, beans, ete
Oil seeds
Other agricaltaral produce.
Flour, atarch, bran
Spruce-beer
Sugar
liMssses
Spirits, sprite brandies
Sandry articles of consump-
tion
Timber and starea
Pig and old iron
Iron and iron manafaoturas.
Lead and lead warsa
Chot
1, 9S6, 320
874,460
422,260
41.880
238.540
177,380
20,590
1,039,110
8.250
1, 600, 578
846.256
591, 030
9.870
8,677,000
67,976
12,068
1,576
Value,*
$3,675,000
468,000
580,625
61,260
882,750
896.125
180, 625
1,612,000
41,250
4,687.500
312, 500
2,624,625
84,225
2, 112, 500
32,375
33,325
6»675
Description.
Zinc and sine wares
Copper and brass wares . .
Coopers' and tarners* goods
Petroleum barrels
Drugs and chemicals
Rap<M)il
Oilcakes
Rags
Flax, hemp, oakum
Tur, pitch, asphalt
Glass and glass wares
Papermattor
Paper and pasteboard
Other articles not enumer-
ated
Total
Qaantity.
(hot
1.884
1,668
46.430
63.980
128, 080
72,904
10,402
7.246
2,364
230
26.888
10,780
24,760
Value."
5,025
18,560
168,760
272,600
704,800
109,375
20,750
49,750
1,875
428
100,750
22,600
* IncIudiBg eoflt and ehargea.
280 COMMiSRCIAL BELATIONS.
BABMSK.
RJSPORT BT OOirsVL FALKSNBAOB FOE 1888.
GENERAL ASPECTS.
The phases of the bnsiness yetar 1H88 haye been rery similar in ^neral to those of
the neveral preceding years. Well-grounded hopes of the reviyal of trade and com-
merce have been repeatedly raised, to be dispelled again by the ever varying eom-
plt^zion of the political situation, almost as soon as they come into existence. The
market, therefore, lor nearly every kind of manufacture, both for home consumption
and for export, has been langiii.sliing. It may be said, as a rule, that factories have
been kept in operation mainly at a sacriHce, and chiefly for the purpose of giring
employment to skilled workmen and retaining business connections of long yearr
standing, which are formed by patient endeavor and which are difficult to renew
when once severed.
In many iostaoces during the year mannfactnrers were compelled to rid themselves
of surplus stock by selling at prices below the 'cost of production, thus depressing
the markets at home and abroad to a point where reasonable profits were no longer
obtainable, and forcing buyers to limit the cost of each order. 6till, in spite of tne
general depression, the past year has witnessed, without doubt, a nearer approxima-
tion of the rational relations between supply and demand than has existed for years
East. Production at the factories has been restricted, and stocks at the trade oenters
ave been rednced ; so there is really good reason at preneut to believe that the cul-
mination point of the general lack* of prosperity has been passed, and that better
times are approaching. Some manufacturers, to whom the improvement in business
in the United btatea has brought orders, feel hopeful and are picking ap oonrage for
the fnture,
BRAIDS, BINDINGS, AND TRIMMINGS.
The depression which preTailed in this branch of trade during the preceding year
still continues, and slight as were the hopes of an improvement m the course ot busi-
ness, they were doomed to disappoi n tn.ent. A review of last gear's b osiness discovers
ample cause for fearing that one of the chief industries of this district, in staple arti-
eles at least, is entering on a slow but sure decay, unless by means of commercial
treaties more ^vorable than those now existing, Germanv soon succeeds in reopening
a portion of these foreign markets which a syst«m of prohibitive duties has closed to
her for the last decade. The efforts of many of the neighboring countries, as well as
the United States, to protect and further their own industries by high protective
duties have been generally successful, and foreign competition Is already so strong
that if present conditions continue much longer, Glerman wares will be wholly ex-
cluded from those markets.
The manufacturers of the Wupperthal have made the unpleasant discovery that the
competition springing up in Austria, Russia, France, Italy, Spain, England, and
America is robbing them of one market after the other ; therefore their ingenuity is
continually taxed for something new in the line of trimmings, especially for ladies'
clothing, in which article a period of business has commenced, giving the greatest
contideuce on all sides, the most popular style in which both material and color have
a '* dead" appearance. Even beads are not employed except for cheap articles. As
regards favbion Barmen is now going hand-in-hand with Annaberg. As in the latter
place soutaches and cords are once more being utilized, so in Barmen a great number
of par terns, more particularly in cords, have c>een designed and perfectly charming
trimmings produced from them. Colox^d trimmings play an exceptionally important
rdle.
As opposed to soutaches, cords can be manufactured in all kinds of plaitings, and
when combined with attractive stuffs, such as mohair, silk, etc., can be employed for
producing the most various effects. So far as variety in design is concerned, tne new
patterns are surprisingly good.
In the manufacture of these trimmings, a so-called ''crochet machine" has been
competing seriously for some time with the hand and power looms. How vecy
little banner manufacturers are now dependent upon the Parisian fanhion has been
S roved in the season Just passed. After the Wupperthal manufacturers had pro-
uoed almost exclusively '' dead" patterns, Paris brought out and demanded once
more articles with metal effects. TMh, however, conld not induce the banner manu-
facturers to renounce the path they had already struck out for themselves. Tfaev
coiitinned calmly to design and manufacture '*dead" patterns, and the orders which
have oome in, particulany &om abroad, show how accurately tUey had oalcalated.
EUROPE — GERMANY. 281
Cords and sontaches are at present the articles most in demand, the inland and above
all the Saxon manafuctarers consaming very large qnantities of tbem. The con-
sumption of smooth woolen lace maintains its nsaal standard, the bnsineas done in
this article being quiet altbongh extensive.
Periods of great pressure as occurred in former years are no longer known. Torchon
laces, an article of the greatest importance for the Vv upperthal, are now more depressed
than any other, both as n^gards prices and the wages paid to the work-people, so that
neither manufacturer nor operative derives much profit from this branch. Tailor's
tresses are probably the finest and comparatively speaking the most remunerative
article of the entire stuff industry of i he Wupperthal. Its marks dominate, as before,
the markets of the world, and in this respect all the productive activity of other coun-
tries has not succeeded in altering much. The so-called ** silk galloon '* plays a very
iniporrant part as a trimming for men's attire. The town of Rousdorf taKes'the lead
in this article. A slight reaction, however, is beginning to display itself in this branch,'
prclerence being shown for sui)erior, more especially half silk tresses, called ** cash-
mere laces." Ail silk tresses in which St. Chumond dominated the markets until
within a short time ago are beginning to be produced here of a quality quite equal
to that of the French goods.
For white and colored trimmings on a white ground the demand is becoming some-
vrhat Stronger, while on the other hand, woolen lace is only being sold in small lots
and of superior qualities. Towards autumn there was much inquiry for the so-called
*' president's braid," increasing aH the time wore on, so that a great deal of new
machinery had to be set up. A fair trade was doue during the first part of the year
in'linen and cotton ribbons, but it has since steadily decreased, probably owing to
the bad crops, as this article has its chief buyers among the peasantry. During the
early part of the year manufacturers were well occupied with woolen lace and gal-
loons, and later on looms were busy and at good wages for galloons worked with
gold thread destined for finishing ladies' wear. A fair amount of business was done
in cigar tapes all the year around. On the other baud, there was little doing and at
unsatisfactory prices in silk and silk-mixed piece goods. The trade in ribbons for
gentlemen's hats was such as to give rise to many complaints, arising chiefly from an
excessive offer and from the steadily declining i^rices of raw silk, which exercised a
bad influence upon silk industry in general. To make matters worse, surrogates
were largely employed for straw hats in the shape of cuttings from piece goods, both
dyed in the pieces and calendered. It was only towards the close of the year that a
rise in the price of the raw silk brought about a favorable change.
As regards the wire thread iudiiHtry the unsatisfactory state of business referred
to in my last year's report continued throughout the whole period uuder review.
During the beginning of the year the Hales of this article were still on a large scale,
though at unsatisfactory prices, but as time wore on the demand slackened more and
more, causing stoppage ot work in some places, short lime in others.
Wire thread shoe-strings were an exception to the rule, being much in demand,
without, however, making up for the deficiency in other articles. It is most difiSonlt
to assign reasons for the diminished sale.
Fringes for tapestry, furniture, and decoration were in good demand, as in the year
previous. On tue other hand the situation of woven India-rubber articles is becom-
ing more and more difiicult. Owiug to the increased consumption, the low prices ac-
cepted by manufacturers, it was possible to keep the factories in full swing. Unfor-
tunately the home market has to bear the full brunt of ibreign competition, while
the greater part of the foreign market is closed to the manufacturers here, who, to
make matters worse, are obliged to pay high import duties on the raw material.
France and Austria in particular are levying high duties on the German produce, and
it is incumbent upon the Government to t^ and mend matters by negotiating new
treaties.
A fair bnsiness has been doing in lace fringes for girths and upholstering carriages;
prices, however, are still far from being satisfactory. A slight steady improvement
has taken place in the manufacture of button cloth. Dyers and finishers of piece
goods were not fully occupied, and speak disparagingly of the year's results. Dyers
of cotton were fairly well employed.
Compared with last year, business in cloth buttons for gentlemen's wear can not
be said to have been favorable. Whilst manufacturers were fairly well employed np
to August, they had to reduce work by one fourth, aud later on even by one-halL
This state of affairs is chiefly due to a great many of these so-called *' staple articles "
being manufactured in prisons. Cloth buttons for ladies' apparel were neglected on
account of not being favored by fashion. As regards brass buttons, the very unfavora-
ble state of affairs that has prevailed for years past has continued even to a greatei
extent than formerly, yielding the most unsatislaetory resulta.
Altogether the trade in buttons offers no pleasing picture. Different causes have
contributed to bring about this result. In the first place the industry of the Wupper-
thal ia at the mercy of the Bohemian competition with regard to patterns. Let alone
282 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
the great advantajje enjoyed by Bohemia owini^ to lower wages^ the iDannfactnrers
ill thiM place bavo lo put up witli a very nneveu treament at the bands of the AuBtriau
custom -house o0icera. Since tbe middle of October matters have somewhat improved
and everything; points to a brighter future.
Dyers of Turkish red yam complain of slack trade aud depressed prices. Particu-
larly the demand for India has decreased. Tbe factories prodttciug FaneUa and
half- woolen cloth for cuats were fully occupied during the iirst part of the year,
whilst during the latter part the demand slackened and full time could only be main-
tained through oonoessions on the price and working on stock.
CARPETS, A17ILINB COLORS, KTO.
The carpet factories have been fully occupied at satisfaotory prices, and the ex-
port trade hiis still further developed itself. During the early part of the year busi-
ness improved, though slightly, in aniline colors. The demand increasing steadily,
the manufacturers were able to make a profit, although the margin remained very
small. I^ater on the demand fell away and prices dropped, so that it is only as re-
gards the volume of the business satisfaction can bo felt.
Soap manufacturers have cause for serious complaints. Owing to a reckless com-
petition this branch of industry finds itself in a very bad state indeed.
Glycerine manufacturers work on a reduced scale since dynamite works do their
own refining.
As regards the manufacture of eyelets the past year has heen a disastrous one, t>w-
ing particularly to the excessive rise in the price of copper, wiiich has been caused by
the syndicate in Paris. The manufacture of gold and silver plated copper and figrnrcd
tombac and brass-sheets was influenced by the unfavorable state of the brass-button
industry, but generally speaking business was on a normal scale.
Business in colored paper has been unsatisfactory and the complaint about declining
prices and slackened demand was general. On the other hand a new branch in the
same line, viz, ohromo-paper and chromo-cardboard has given satisfactory results.
«
IRON AND 8TEBL WARES.
Business in iron and steel wares has much improved, thanks to the conventions
entered into. Prices which had at the end of last year sunk to a very low level have
risen conHiderably, maintaining the advance. All branches were fully occupied aud
manufacturers of small iron ware were especially busy.
MACniNB FACTORIES
Wore more employed than last year, particularly towards the close of the year.
Unrni*tunately exports are diminishing aud are not likely to increase until the duties
are abolished both on raw material and manufactures.
Boiler-makers were well employed during the first i>art of the year, whilst work
was partially wanting during the latter half.
Braiding machine-makers complained of a decreasing trade. This specialty, which,
dnring the years 1885 to 1887, thanks to its connection with the lock trade, gave work
to nearly one-half of the engiueor8 of this district, had already in 1887. sufiTered a
reaction in consequence of the sudden enlargement of workshops and on account of
overproduction. A great number of hands were consequently tnrown out of employ-
ment, and to-day there are not more than one-hair of the men working, compared
with 1887.
EKTBLOPES, ORaANS, ETC.
Trade in envelopes was satisfactory dnring last year. All hands engaged in this
industry well occupied.
Organ-builders complain of a dull season. It was only towards the close of the
year that a slight improvement took place, and that more hands could be put to work.
Pianoforte-makers were only fairly well occupied. Complaints are made of in-
creased import duties in many countries.
In general it is worthy of remark that during last year the relations between em-
ployers and employes were nndisturbed. Wages have remained on a normal scale
and no strikes of any consequence took place, lievertlng to commercial transactions
I have to report as follows:
Indigo was dull and prices declining. The sale of cotton was slack at the begin-
ning of the year, improving as the time went on and the volnme of business was on
the whole satisfactory, although dealers were often in no enviable situatioiii taking
EtTROPE — GERMAN?.
283
Into account the very sharp competition. The sale of English woolen yam in the
Wnpperthal was slack all the year round, and prices were continually on the decline.
Business in raw siikowas very unsatisfactory in 1888. Notwithstancling an increased
demand and conHuniption prices were nnable to hold their own. Even the bad crops
in China and Japan had no effect and prices kept falling nntil, in December, they
reached the lowest point during tbis century. In December a syndicate of a specula-
tive character caused a rapid rise to the detriment of deiUers and manufacturers
alikei, who aa a rule had yery little stock on hand«
COAL, BAXKIKO, EXPORTS.
The coal trade has at last to report a yeij satisfactory result. Not only has con-
sumption increased, but prices of all kinds of coal have materially increased.
As regards banking, I nave to report a very easy money market, aiid in the begin-
ning of the year the rate of discount in the open market sank as low as H per cent.,
whilst the Imperial Bank remained at 2 per cent. It was only in the autumn that
^tes stiffisned, owing to the greater demand on the part of the trade usual at this
season of the year and to an increased activity at the stock exchange, as well as to
the demand for loans. At the oIoho of the year the official rate had risen to 4^ per
cenf.
The declared value of exports from this consular district to the United States dur-
ing the year ending ]X>ceniber 31, 188^ was $4,302,716.69, against $5,772,623.71 Id
18cf7, a decrease of $1,469,907.02, compared with the previous year.
The following table shows the total exports from this consular district to the
United States during the year ending December 31, 1888.
Joseph Falkenbach,
dmiul.
United States Consulate,
Barmen, March 31, 1889.
Value of declared exporU from the consular district of Barmen to the United Statee
during the four quarters of the year ending December 31, 1888.
Articles.
Yam «
Braids, bindinga, and trinuninga
Battona and bntton atafia
Dreaa and piece gooda:
Bilk and ailk, mixed
Woolen and woolen^ mixed.
Byea and ehemicala (aniline, all-
siiHne,etc.)
Hat- banda and ribbons
Pluflhea
lietal gooda:
Braaa, bronae, and fancy
Hardware and oatlery
Iron and ateel ...••• ...... ..
Ifaehlnea
Proriaiona, hama, aanaagea, etc.
Tariooa...
Total
Total in preceding year. ..
Decreaae
Quarter ending —
Mar. 31, 188a
•70, 697. 74
343, 522. 70
60, 747. 04
33, 422. 78
02, 749. 62
52. 339. 03
138,744.45
22, 108. 83
34,370.59
08. 100. 33
120.0e3.62
4,H13.02
7, 4W. 21
45,641.95
1, 132, 845. 81
1,181,405.78
48, 559. 97
Jane 30, 1888,
$14.4*50.50
188, 393. 25
86,668.41
87, 189. 79
142,011.05
24. 139. 21
218.924.98
12,901.77
79. 808. 22
08, 850. 29
126, 884. 77
684.71
9, 778. 00
5, 60a 11
1,045,709.06
1,564,569.46
618,860.39
Sept. 80, 1888.
$16,601.31
154, 360. 82
37,821.40
62,338.44
121, 646. 55
17, 552. 65
812,112.04
9,954.84
65, 090. 48
127, 201. 86
166, 486. 84
2, 512. 23
1, 124. 04
85, 930. 26
1,009.633.82
1,768.050.04
056,416.22
Deo. 81, 1888.
$20,441.33
212.501.07
88, U94. 43
88, 302. 63
42,457.89
18,319.51
286, 434. 5H
8, 926. 79
70, 604. 33
107, 939. 72
106, 379. 13
1, 634. 89
6,927.63
16,175.67
TotaL
1.024.^28.00
1,268,598.44
$122,106.88
898.777.84
272; 631. 34
161,343.64
399,465.01
112,350.40
956, 216. 05
53, 891. 23
239, 882. 62
432.182.20
616, 774. 36
9,544.35
24.294.88
103,266.89
4,802,716.69
6, 772, 623. 71
244,070.44 1,469,907.02
r
284 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
MAJSTNHISIM.
RBPOET BT CONSUL MONAQBAF,
IN*rRODUCTION.
The yoar 1888, fh>m a bnainess stand-point, in thit consular district, in tbe whole
German Empire, presents a much more pleasing retrospect than any of its immediate
predeoessore~1885, 1686, and 1887.
Commerce and manafactnres have, on the whole, been very satisfactory. It was
deeply regretted, however, by Qefmans more than once that not only in 'Germany,
but in countries from whion the Germans purchase breadstuff's, bad harvests in graiofl
preyailed, bad both as to quality and quantity. Mannheim's grain trade for 1888
ran Just a little behind that of 1887 by 2,447,000 double centners against the pren-
ons year's 2,528,000. This dropping off fiends a rational explanation in the fact that
increased quantities had been bought and stored when it became appareni that Uis
import duties on cereals were to be increased. The year, for the grain trade, all
things considered, may be ranked as a very favorable one. The grain trade is ths
most important branch of Mannheim's commerce.
FLOUR AND MEALS.
The millers ground out large profits from the upward tending prices which pre-
vailed during the second half of the year. The quality of donr offered by Mannheim
and ueighboring millers was good enough to succeed iu driving north German prod-
ucts from Baden exchanges. Traders in flours and meids did a little of the nsoal
growling about overproduction.
HOPS.
The hop crop for 1888 was smaller, compared with extent of territory under culti-
vation, than for any one of the last five years. The quality was bv no means what
was desired or expected. The upward movement in prices, especially for stock held
over from 1887, gave satisfactory returns. A conjunction of anavoidable oanaes re-
sulted in the se^-crop of 1888 being almost worthless.
BRANDIKS AND DISTILLED LIQUORS.
Business in brandies and distilled liquors suffered much from the new laws affect-
ing their production and sale, and from the enormous supplies on hand 'Maid in*
to anticipate new legislation.
YEASTS, MALTS, ETC.
Business in the production of yeasts, malts, etc., in spite of a cool summer and con-
sequent small consumption of beer, was favorable. The Itusinessin beer was t>qnslly,
if not more, satisfactory. Trade in wiue was lively throughout the year; the 1887
crop finding favor.
Irade in sugar was affected by those uncertain movemente and trade currents which
always affect staple articles when subjected to new legal enactments ; besides, prices
began to drop ^nd remained uncertain until the new consumption t-ax went into oper-
ation and more certain conditions began to prevail. Business in coffee was livelier
than in 1887, but the profits hardly made up for the increased labor and anxiety.
Trade in native tobaccoes was slow, heavy, and di^^gging. Local cigar-makers real-
ized profits; although foreign tobaccoes, used in cigar-making, were very dear. Tbs
Portland cement companies realized large profits, consequent upon the increased de-
mand for new buildings and the active movement in erecting now edifices of all kinds,
especially dwelling-huuses and fortifications.
COAL, GROCERIES, CHiEHICALS, XTa
Coal, thanks to the favorable condition of the rivers, for a large part of the year,
enjoyed good profits ; and looks out upon the new year with hopes of realizing larger
ones. The iron and metal trade was also very lively and very profitable. All ms-
chine-shops ran on full time, with a full or added to complement of men. Business in
groceries was very active, especially during the first few months, and returned fair
profits. Technical and pharmaceutical instruments and productions enjoyed increased
prices and no diminution in sales. Spices gave profits. The wholesale chemical
trade bad a good year and has bright prospects for 1889. Trade in analiue colors
equaled expectations. Petroleum held its own, the American still leading all com-
petitors. It is hoped that some method of water transportation for American oil
cheaper than the present may be deviHcd to enable our oils to maintain their suprem-
acy over Russian oils. The latter, with tank ships and tank trains, are doing every-
• » <»
EUBOPis — GEBMAN7. 285
thinf^ to get ahead. Shoald they onoe do so, Amerioan petroleum is doomed in these
markets. The prodnction of plaot oils for oooking purposes, a very important branch
of this districts trade, was yery satisfactory. Paints, oils, and varnishes sold at satis-
£fM)tory prices.
TSXTILV8, KAKUFAGTURKS, ETC.
Trade in textiles, of all kinds, answered the expectations of all those engaged in
their production. Carpets sold well but at small profits. Manufacturers ot leather
look back upon a prosperous year. Commissioo houses and those engaged in the im-
mediate marketing of leather goods came out with small profits. The shoe trade was
somewhat better than in lKb7. Trade in wood, for building purposes, was not good, the
export to Holland falling off slowly but surely. Saw and planing mills had a good year,
with slightly advanced prices, due, of course, to the active movement in building.
Wood-pulp manufactures are still extending and give promise of profits. Cork
manufaoturers were affected by the cold weather and its influence on buttled beer
and mineral- water consumption. There was an increased demand for wood types
and for combs made from tortoise shells. The manufacture of rubber goods, of
which, by the way, the largest concern is in the hands of Americaos, was not unfav-
orably affected. Companies engaged in the express and transportation business re-
port largely increased profits and business over 1887. Commissiou houses report large
profits in everything except grain. Insurance business remained almost stationary.
MONEY MARKET.
The money market during the entire year showed a constant and abundant supply.
Business in stocks and securities developed in an extraordinary manuer, so much so
that it bordered always on the safety line, and one time got a slight shock that sent
it back into safer and quieter currents.
BRIDGES, RAILROADS, BTO.
The year saw a new bridge projected over the Neckar, new railroads opened, a new
and magoificent branch post office building put up and opened near the depot ; new
water- works put into successful operation, a new bourse opened, a hundred or more
large dwelling-houses erected, projected, or enlarged ; a new school-house, covering
an entire square, built for primary and intermediate purposes. The spirit that turned
this city, once a court city, into a mart of trade and center of commerce still prevails.
That spirit has made Mannheim in many ways the third city of the Empire, coming
after Berlin and Hamburg. The business men's clubs hold, as usual, courses ot lectures
and evening schools for instruction in languages, business methods^ etc.
GRAIN.
Wheat. — ^Ab usual, grain gets the first place in a report from this city, for here the
grain trade is by far the most important. During the first half of 1H88 business in
wheat went along quietly. In view of the increased duties projected in 1887 the
mills and merchants had laid in extra supplies. Besides, large quantities of 1887'8
favorable harvest were already on hand. These supplies affected the market unfavor-
ably for a time. The reports of a bad harvest caused prices to run up during the
fall to prices and impulses hitherto unknown on Mannheim's com exchanges. The
amount of trade Mannheim once had with Switzerland was cut down this year almost
to zero, Hungary, with its rich harvests, getting a lion's share, and not only of the
Swiss, but of the Bavarian, Wurtemberg, and South Baden trade, leaving Mannheim
to fill demands in her immediate neighborhood. In 1887 Mannheim docked 2,012,260
meter centners of wheat sent to her oy water, while in 1888 she docked only 1,508,623
meter centners : a loss of 25 per cent. Her trade with Switzerland is indicated for
5 years by the following figures:
Donble centners.
18H ...^ - 676,868
1885 403,660
188« 869,654
1887 418.866
1888 146,768
The influence of the new grain-tax, says Dr. Landgraf, "can easily be seen ; the
interior must pay it. The tax came in a bad time, a year in which countries com-
pelled generally to buy abroad to piece out their year's supply were compelled to buy
more than usual. How Germany was affected may be seen from the fact that Holland
got its wheat last year (1888) for 15 to 50 marks per donble centner, while Mannheim
ad topav 21 to 50 marks and Lorrach, further inland, 22 to 75, and for rye 17 marks,
while in Switzerland, at Basel, a hundred miles beyond where the Rhine is navigable,
and most of whose wheat and grains oame from Hungary, wheat sold at 22.50^ RaneSt
or 18 marks, and rye at 15 irancsi or 12 marka.
286
COUMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
Sea frfightt (per 1,000 kilograms, in marki) to Botterdam and Antwerp.
1
Months.
*
From North Sea.
From Black Sea.
From Petersburg.
1686.
1887.
1888.
1886.
1887. .
188a
1888:
1887.
188a
JanoArv. ..................
Marks.
7.00
7.00
7.00
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.60
6.00
6.00
7.00
7.00
Marks.
7.00
7.00
7.00
7.06
6.50
6.50
6.50
6.76
6.75
6.75
6.75
7.00
Marks.
10.00
8.00
7.00
7.00
7.00
800
8.00
9.00
10.00
10.00
11.00
12.00
Marks.
R.00
6.00
aoo
8.00
&00
. &00
&00
7.00
7.50
a50
10.00
10.00
Marks.
aoo
aoo
10.50
10.50
aso
10.50
10.00
aoo
10.00
14.00
10.60
16.00
Marks.
11.00
13.00
14.00
16.00
16.00
15.00
11.00
12.00
16.00
14.00
ao.oo
laoo
Marks,
aoo
aoo
aoo
6.50
6.75
5.00
6.00
aoo
6.00
a 75
a75
a 75
Marks.
aoo
aoo
aoo
6.00
aoo
aoo
aoo
6.00
6.00
aoo
6.00
aoo
Marki.
10.00
February
10.00
Haroh....
10.00
April
ILOO
May.::;...:;:;:;::::.:::::
ILOO
Juna
ILOO
July
Augast ...................
aoo
aoo
September ................
10.06
October
10.00
XoTember
12.00
December
14.(10
Average
6.03
6.08
&»2
8.25
10.30
14.58
aiM
6.83
iao6
^ Months.
From Ntw York.
From La Plata. ^
From Didia.
188a
1887.
188a
1886.
1887.
im
1886.
1887.
188a
Jannary .....■•>...
Marks.
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
12.50
10.00
10.00
10. (tf
14 00
14.00
20.00
Marks.
10.00
10 00
19. uO
10. 00
10.00
10.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15. 00
16.00
15.00
Marks.
aoo
10.00
9.00
11.00
11.00
12.00
13.00
15.00
14.00
17.00
laoo
laoo
Marks.
17.00
17.00
17.00
laoo
laoo
laso
laso
laso
laso
ia50
17.00
17.00
Marks.
laoo
laoo
laoo
laoo
laoo
laoo
laoo
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.00
12. GO
Marks.
W.(JO
17.00
15.00
laoo
laoo
laoo
laoo
17.00
17.00
laoo
laoo
15.00
Marks.
25.00
2&00
25.00
2a 00
25.00
27.00
2a 00
25.00
2a 00
2a 00
2a 00
27.00
Marks.
2a 00
25.00
2a 00
25.00
25.00
26.00
26.00
2a 00
24.00
22.00
22.00
2a 00
Marks.
2100
Febmary
27.00
March
24.00
Anril
2a 00
May
June
2a 00
saoo
July
saoo
V WA J ....«■..••••.••....•...
Auinist ...................
25.00
Sentember
2a 00
October
2a 00
November
27.00
December.
37.00
Average
11.70
14.83
12.67
ia62
ia67
ia6o
2a 60
24.66
25^66
In tho spring of 1888 tho prices on freight from Rotterdam to Mannheim for wheat
flnctuated between 9 and 12 marks; in samnier and fsill, between 8^ and 10 marks
per load of 2,000 kilograms. B< low is a table showing the movement in wheafe
prices on Mannheim's market during the last twelve years:
Wheat:
Jannary
May. ..
October.
Rye:
Jannary
May....
October.
Barley :
January
May —
October.
Oats:
Jannary
May....
October.
1877.
Marks.
25.00
28.60
24.50
19.50
21.00
17.60
laoo
20.00
19.60
17.60
ia50
15.26
1883.
Marks.
21.76
21.48
20.47
ia25
15. 97
iao4
ia98
16.24
17.00
13.81
13.75
14.66
1884.
Marks.
19.36
19.24
17.37
ia97
ia23
ia96
ia28
16.33
17.90
13.96
15. Ti
14.56
1885.
Marks.
\B.3S
19.46
ia78
ia31
ia89
ia7o
iai3
ia5o
ia79
14.82
ia38
14.09
188a
Marks.
ia67
iao3
ia89
14.02
14.73
14.83
iai8
14. 42
iao6
14.12
14.32
13.06
1887.
Marks.
19.67
19.70
ia30
14.76
14.46
ia56
iao7
ia23
15.84
11.91
11.61
12.38
188a
Marks.
ia62
20.03
22.33
14.47
ia65
ia60
ia93
17.07
iai3
13.75
14.28
14.49
ArerafB
for
1877-*8a
Marks.
20.98
21.50
20.24
ias«
lao
ia73
iaB2
17.06
lasB
ia95
iao4
ia87
ii
EUROPE — QEBMANY.
287
America prodnced in 1887 456,000,000 bashels against 485,000,000 in 1886, the qual-
ity middling, and she exported only 120,000,000 bushels against 154,000,000 the year
before. Hungary's surplus last year was only 3,500,000 hectoliters against 9,500,000
the year before. Austria's barvest of 1888 runs behind the harvest of 1887 by the
figures 1,000,000 hectoliters against 1,250,000 surplus in 1887. South Russia has a
large suiplus of 35,000,000 hectoliters. The ships and railroads not only of Russia but
of Germany are constantly employed bringing this surplus 4nto German markets.
The quality of this Russian grain is far from good. Roumania had a middling crop,
and can sell only 6,000,000 to 8,000,000 hectoliters. Servians crop reaches 120 per cent,
of an average one, so that she can give strangers 700,000 meter centners. British
India can send away 14 to 16 millions of bushels. Prussia had' in 1888, 80 to 90 per
cent, of an average crop against 105 per cent, of an average in 1887. Baden and the
Palatinate, two oouth German provinces, suffered terribly from bad weather, and
came ont withJ75 per cent, of an average crop. Wuj'tem berg's and Switzerland's crop
ran far behind an average one.
Consequent upon the increased import duties prices of grains advanced. In the
early part of 18H8 North German grain held control of Mannheim's market, and kept
it until South Russiau grain competed. As soon as harvest returns began to show
small quantities of inferior grains, prices moved upward and remained so till the
year closed. Mannheim drew most of its grain from North Germany and Russia,
small quantities from La Plata, North America, and India.
Prices in marks per 1,000 kilograms:
•January 106.20
February IOa.OO
Maroh 195.50
Apnl , 105.90
May 200.30
June 198.00
July 197.4.«J
Aucu8t 210.00
September 217.80
OcUiUer 223.30
Novi'Tuber 223.90
Doceiubcr 220. 10
Average for the following years :
1888 200.22
1887 190.18
1886 189.80
1685 187.38
1884 185.07
1883 216.82
1882 ^ 237.48
IbSl 249.83
18ii0 247.36
1879 226.62
Bye, — Russia's rye harvest for 1888 was good ; Roumania's an average ; Fr.ince's
hardly reached an average, while South Germany harvested scarcely hair an average
crop. Rye passed thronsh the same chaiii^es in regard to {prices as \¥ he at. Mann-
heim bought rye in North Germany, Mecklenburg, and Snath Rassia. There came
to this port up to the 15th of December by water 499,010 double centners of rye
against 310,605 double centners for 1887.
Pdces in marks per 1,000 kilograms:
Jnnnary 144.70
February 143.10
March 140.70
Anril 143.10
May , 146.60
Jane 145.70
July 144.60
August 1M.30
SeptAfuber 162.00
October ., le'j.OO
November 103.30
December 104.10
1883 164.80
1882 166.90
1881 146.40
18«0 202.73
1879 166.15
Average for the following years :
1888 .' 161.34
1887 142.57
1888 148.04
1885 160.76
1884 160.44
Barley, — The year's harvest in barley was bad and Hungary's crop was not good.
It is better suited for brewing purposes thau anything else. Bavaria and the Baden
Palatinate had an average crop of good, bad, and indifferent. Bohemia and Mahren-
land had good crops. Hungarian barley sold \tell and at good prices. A great deal
of Hungarian barley went to Holland and England ; the year's trade was good. The
end of the year saw large supplies on hand. The amount brought by water in 1887
surpassed that of 18^6, while the amount brought weekly in 18^ was to that of 1687
as 165,000 double centners to 72,000 double centners.
Prices in lAarks per 1,000 kilograms :
Janoary 169.30
Febmary 163.60
March 166.20
April ..^ 169.20
May 170.70
Jane 170. 70
Average for the following years :
1888 164.13
1887 155.97
1886 151.89
L886 173.82
1884 106.68
Jnly 188.70
Auenst 160.30
September 162 50
October 161.30
November 160.80
December 168.90
1883 162.68
1882 184.62
1881 194.28
1880 ".. 191.97
1879 177.88
:. "»<
288
COMHERCIAL RELATIONS.
Oatt, — Baden and its near Qoiehbor, Wurtemberfi^, had a rich crop of oaU, Rawia and
BMsarabia a weak harvost, PiMlolia a good one, and middle Sasaia an average.
The fir8t half year*tf businees in oate was very lively. The bad harvest of 1887 com-
pelled Baden, Wurtemberg, in fact all South Germany and Switzerland^ to boy oata
m Ramia. The good crop of 1888 shnt ont RuHsian oats from Germany, though in
•pite of every effort they still sold in the Swiss market at decent prices. There came
273,000 double centners by boat dnring 1888 against 134,000 double centnera for 1887
to Mannheim's docks.
Prices in marks per 1,000 kilograms:
Janoary 137.50
Fcbraary 141.00
March 142.00
April 141.80
Hay 142. 30
June 142.00
July 142.50
Anfniat 146.50
S(?ptember 14S.89
Octob«*r li4wM
November 140.00
Deoouiber 14L00
Average for the following years:
1888 142.86
1887 121.91
1886 1:J5. 12
1885 150. 14
1884 :.. 148.96
1883 134w25
11-82 153.78
18/^1 157.87
1880 151.00
1879 143.94
Maize, — The trade in maize from January to July was weak^^xtremely so. After
July a slight change took place. The supply came from North America, Lok Plata,
South Russia, and lands lying along the Danube River. The second half of the
year's supply came almost exclusively from Ndrth America.
Prices in marks per 1,000 kilograms :
January 140.00
February 142.50
March 137.60
AprU 137.60
May 146.00
June 137.50
Average for the following years :
1888 130.58
1887 121.30
1816 119.37
18W 122.60
1884 136.60
July ISSlOO
August 1S7.S0
September 142.50
Ootuber 140.00
Kovfmber 142.50
Deoember 1S7.50
1883 , IO0l75
1882 181.30
1881 212.68
1880 202.73
1870 16&16
LBQUMINOUS FRUITS.
Business of all kinds in these goods was lively ; so was the trade in dried fruits of
all kinds. It is a mystery to me that American dried fruits, beoanse of their superior
quality, do not find larger sales in this country. There are families in this city who
acknowledgt^ the superiority of American fruits by importing directly large quanti-
ties of both kinds, fresh and dried.
HOPB.
The first half of 1888 ran along auietly, and wonld donbtless have been followed
in the same way by the second half bad not bad weather precluded the possibility of
a very good crop on the continent. As soon as it became known that the outlook for
188b was bad the supply of 1887 wns ranch in demand at rapidly rising prices, until
the '87 stock sold in October, of lb88, at from 90 marks to 110 per 50 kilograms. The
fe:irs of a bad crop in quality and quantity were fully realized. Germany's and Aus-
tria's products, in fact all the hops produced on the European continent, were sickly,
black, and spotted stuff, almost useless, a great part of it. £nglnnd got poor qual-
ity and only an average crop. In America the crop was good enough to cover home
demand and leave some for export. Even while hops were being picked large prices
were being paid. Even beibr<^ they were thoroughly dried buyers were paying 190to
200 marks per .00 kilograms. England's passive purchasing and America's good crop
hnd their effects; prices grew steady, and then declined, so that October and Novem-
ber saw No. I's going at T50/to 160 and 1^0 marks per oO kilogram^ middlings at 1^
to 140, and poorer grades at (Jn to 70. Prepared hops sold at : No. I's, S20 to 240 marks
per 50 kilograms; middlings, 180 to 200. At these prices all the good hops were
bought up before the middle of November.
EUROPE— aERMANT,
289
The following table gives ia centners the hop-orop estimates for the 1888 harvest:
IWiYaria
Wnrtemberg
Baden
Alsace and Lorraine.
Pnistia
All Germany
Atiatria-B angary
France
Belgium aod Holland
Kasaia
Switcerland and all Scandinavia
The whole continent
Sngland
America
Australia
215. 000
65,000
44.000
58,000
39, 500
421, 500
ISO. 000
49,000
BO, 000
24.000
3,000
707, 500
820. 000
276, 000
12,000 I
Total world crop of 1888; 1,316,500 ;
Total world crop of—
1887 1.692,000
1886 1,674,000
1885 1,820.500
1884 1.657.000
1883 1.672.000
1882 817,000
1881 1,365,000
1880 1,352,000
1879 770,000
1878 1,466,000
1877 1,920,000
1876 958,000
1875 1,866,000
1874 902,000
An average of 1,403,133
INDIAN WHKAT.
The East India wheat trade last year saw 28,000.000 acres of land given np to
wheat-fields in India. They yielded 7,000,000 tons of grain.
India exported as follows: In 1887-'88, 676,908; IQ^m-'S^, 1,113,167; 1885-'86,
1,053,025; 1884-^85,792,714; 1883-'84, 1,047,824; I882-'83, 707,202 tone.
These exports were made to the following countries :
Goontries.
England
Belglam
France
Holland
Italy
Bgypt (in transit)
Other lands
Total ^.
1887-'88.
Ton».
301.085
20.804
127. 952
3. 030
153. 6G8
32,990
27, 459
676,908
1886-'87.
Tora.
438.381
120,189
140,184
10,347
260,015
65,882
32,669
1, 113, 167
1886.'80.
Tont.
603,651
133, 079
107,262
4.296
60,918
114, 807
29,107
1,053.025
1884-'86.
Tong.
327,249
86,934
165, 748
4,627
8\045
110, 576
17,536
792,714
Statistics come to Europe showing that there was lack of food in parts of India last
fall, not felt so much as in tlio previous years, but still there. The amonnt thus taken
made up 25,000 tons more than during the previous year. This caused an upward
movement in prices. In two large provinces every effort is being made to extend the
Gn1tivatioiL,of wj^eatj^ The effort is twofold, working first to make reclaimed lands
wheat £el£, and to turn laud long tilled for other purposes into grain lands. In the
central provinces the hope is cherished to produce large quantities as cheaply as lin-
seed and cotton. In the cultivation of wheat India sees a guaranty against periodic
famines. Her surplus in happy years will bring gold and goods from western buyers,
while in years of need her own fields and well- filled bams will feed her children.
RUSSIAN GRAIN.
Russia, recognizing the fact that grain must sell, is holding back, or has been, under
advice of economic writers, tons of her grain for higher prices. Those wise enough
to heed the advice given have realized large profits. Grain rose from 58 to 70 copecks
per pood under an artificially produced scarcity. The following table is Intended to
show prices as they prevailed in three of Germany's leading markets, viz, Konigsberg,
in the far north ; Berlin and Mannheim, in the south.
10611 O B 19
1
290
COMMERCIAL BELATIONS.
Prices in marks per 1,000 kiiognuns:
Kind md montlL
Wheat:
JanaATj
Febnury
March
April w
May
June .
July
An^ast
September
October j
November
Byo:
Jannary
Fobrnarj*
March ^
April
May
Jane
.Jnly
' Aujsnat
September
October
November
Kdnigt-
berg.
1S2.00
152.00
151.00
163.00
108.00
157.60
100.00
172.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
9t.0O'
98.60
06.00
102.00
10&76
109.25
109.50
125.00
14L7S
148.50
187.00
Berlin.
Mannheim.
10102
161.05
161.22
109.87
174.50
1G6.53
165.88
172. 17 «
183.54 I
187.42 '
185.27
U&05
1]6l96
U&S9
119. 48
126.02
12&26
127.35
138.88
157.10
160.88
154.70
199.30
lOSiOO
195.50
195.90
200.30
198.00
197.43
210.00
217. M
223w30
144.70
143.19
110. 7B
i43:ie
146.50
HSlTO
144.09
153.30
162.00
165.40
166.30
The Konigaber^ was a i;ood graiu, with 75 kilomuns to theheoMiter. The Berlin
was also good, with 71.5 kilograms to the hectoliter. The Mannheim was madt np
of grains from the Palatinate, Rnssia, Bulgaria.
The following table reviews the import and exports of grains^ wheat, rye, barley,
and oats to and from Mannheim for 1887 and 1888, expressed in tona^ by land and
water, from January 1 to October 31 :
Months.
Jannary ...
February . .
March
Apiil
M»v
June
July
AnsuHt ....
September .
October....
Total
1888.
Imports by
water.
9, 140. 3
6,218.7
18,685.6
6,506.8
17,256.6
27, 140. 8
36, 851. 0
28.018.8
33,24a5
S3, 996. 6
202,149.7
1887.
Exports by
railroad.
Imports by
water.
Ton*,
Ibiw.
16,252.4
16,075.3
11,838.1
3.831.7
16,572.0
14. 618. 4
17,855iO
18,260.2
24.270.2
21.245.2
24.217.1
84,195.8
27,223.6
87.709.1
10.376.2
22,015.7
16,002.1
13, 01& 0
18; 664.4
15,566.1
187,268.0
197,049.0
Exports by
rauroad.
Tom».
20, S2Sl4
16.402.1
14,454.0
16.097.0
28.475.1
26,821.3
81.817.4
22,5S6l8
14,883.5
15,65a9
107,599.5
TOBACCO.
The year 1888 was, on the whole, a favorable one both for growers and mannfact-
urers of tobacco. Compiaiut is made against the duties on imported leaves ; the more
so Biiice the home product seems to get worse and worse. Some manafabtnrers have
found that it pays better to import Java leaves for wrappers at 80 marks tax per 10(V
kilograms than to use Palatinate leaves at 45 marks per 100 kilograms tax; for expe-
rience has fully shown that 1,000 cigars can be covered with 4 pounds Java leaves,
while it takes 8 pounds of the inferior Palatinate.
The number of hectares growing tobacco last year was 18,130 against 21,465 for
1887. This decrease is due to the poor quality of Alsatian and Baden tobacco com-
pared with foreign products. German tobacco is heavy and burns hard. Every
effort is being made to keep up and get back lost ground, but it seems hatdly possible
in view of the changed tastes. Men who have once known the pleasures of smoking
the good take slowly and uukindlv to poor quality ; only taxes of an. exclnding ohar-^
acter can succeed iu bringing back the lost trade.
EUROPE — OEBIIANT.
291
GIGAR MAKING.
This branch of trade bad no canae to gmmble except oyer inferior quality of home
tobacco and some defects in Saniatra leaves sold on this market. The sales were con-
stant and at paying; prices. In behalf of employes in cigar factories the Bundesrath
passed a law relating to the size and conditions in which rooms where cigars are
made must be kept. The law or regulation ^ill work some hardships on men not
ready to comply with its requirements ; but good must come of it. I was one day,
a few weeks ago, in a cigar factory where, in a single room, perhaps 30 by :^ feet, tiO
girls and women were employed making cigars. It struck me at the time that some-
thing might be done to better their condition. Upon inquiry I learned that these
girls made from 250 to 400 cigars a day and' got from 23 to 60 cents a day, as wages.
The production of tobacco in Germany is growing less and less ; there were cultl-
vafed in l&il-'82, 27,248 hectares; ia82-»83, 22,243; 1883-^84, 22,068; 1884-'86, 21,091 ;
1885-'86, 19,529: 1886-'87, 19,843; 1887-'88, 21,465; 1888-'89, 18,130.
In 1885 Austna-Hnngary produced 80.752,900 kilograms ; 1885, Russia, 51,024,000 ;
1887-'88, German Empire, 40,868, 113 ; 1884, France, 16,262,800 ; 1883, Greece, 7,680,000 ;
1884, Italy, 6,017,900; 1884, Belgium, 4,713,800; 1884, Netherlands, 2,976,000 ; 1884,
Boumani, 3,000,000; 1884, Bulgaria, 2,320,000; 1885, Switzerland, 2,000,000; 1885,
Servia, 1,500,000.
The impending danger to the tobacco growers of Germany has resulted in uuited
efforts on the part of neighboring provinces to secure better results than those hitherto
achievcMl. To this end experiments on large and small scale have been carried on on
the wide plains or fields surrouuding this city. These experiments have been watched
with jealous care ; members or* the government, nobility, representative, farmers, and
members of agricultural clubs giving them much time and attention. Connecticut
seed has produced the best results, thus far, of all those experimented with.
Price (per 100 kilograms) for cigar wrapperSy etc.
Hon til.
Jannsry...
February .
March
April
May
June
July
August —
8epttMiiber
October...
Iforember.
Dooember
Cigar
wrappers.
Marks.
145
145
145
145
145
145
129
129
129
129
129
129
"Wrapper
and filling.
Markt,
195
125
125
125
125
125
112
112
118
li:i
112
112
Brown
cuttings.
Mark§.
110
110
110
110
110
110
100
100
100
100
100
100
WINS AND BBSR.
The growth of wine and beer drinking in Mannheim has more than kept pace with
the growth in population. It is pleasant, when writing of the consumption of these
beverages, to be able to add, truthfully, that drunkeiiness is by no means a besetting
sin of Germans, South Germans, at least. They consume, it is true, hu^e quantities
of beer, but seldom get drunk. The abominable system, carried so far m the States,
is here unknown. The following table will show the increase of hotels and saloons
since 1872 :
Year.
Hotels.
Saloons.
Total.
Year.
•
Hotels.
Saloons.
TotaL
1872
No.
40
38
40
87
1?
47
47
43
1
No.
91
107
165
176
163
170
175
180
187
No.
13t
145
205
213
208
217
222
227
230
J881
No.
42
84
32
33
34
38
45
* 4r
No.
191
204
216
244
236
260
315
845-
No.
233
1873
1882
238
1871
1883
248
1875
1884
277
1876
1885
270
1877
1886
298
1878
1887
360
1879.
1888
893
1880
r.
r
292
COMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
The wine crop of 1888 took ita place far down among the bad ones of the last ten
years. Provailiog rains and cold weather kept back the blooming period and retarded
the sugar-making period so long and so much that the fewsnnny days of Jane, Jaly,
and August were powerless to do more than prevent total destraotion ; any thing like
a rich crop had been put out of the question. The result was much acid and little
sugar in the entire crop. Artificial measures for bettering the product had to be
reported to before purchasers could be found. Never in the history of grape-growing
had wine producers done so much to better their wine by scientific methods. Pre-
vailing prices were for wine grown on the high mountains; 180 to 260 marks per 1,000
liters. On the middle slopes, 290 to 520 marks per 1,000 liters, the yeast included.
The year^H business, on the whole, was much less satisfactory than in 1887, which was
not a satisfactory year. The causes operating to keep down trade in 1^8 were the
bad weather, unfavorable to excursions amoug the hills, mountains, and summer re-
sorts, and the periods of mourning consequent upon deaths in the royal houses. The
business is said to have suflfered also from speculation in wine in neighboring prov-
inces. Business in foreign wines, especially those used in mixing, was good ; especially
in wines from Italy. The tariff war^going on between that country and France, by
which Italy's wines were practically shut out of France, forced them into German
houses, where they sold at fabulously low prices.
Mannheim alone brewed 115,847 hectoliters of beer in 1888, asagainst 114,776 hecto-
liters in lb87. The beer taxes brought in in 1888, from 12 brewerie&^as 586,073.56
marks ; from beer imported from Bavaria and other provinoeSi 104,217.09 marks. There
were 90,803.02 marks paid back in drawbacks.
BUGAK.
The year's sugar trade was reported satisfactory ; 1888 started out with the price of
sugar at '*high- water mark," the selling price, wholesale, being 62^ to 63 marks per 100
kilograms, while the Magdeburg quotations for first product corn sugar, with basis
92^ reudement was 25.30 to 25.50 marks and with basis 88<^, 24.10 to 24.40 marks.
But the start was not maintained ; prices fell away until business stagnated. The
campaign of 1887-'88 yielded 18,500,000 centner of raw sugar from 136,500,000 centners
of roots, where a yield of 17f was expected ; 7.67 centners of roots had yielded 1 cent-
ner of raw sugar of course this had its effect. Business was still further affected by
a resolution to cover more territory in the production of beets; at first Germany was
to increase her amount by at least 10 per cent, and Austria, Holland, and Belgium the
same 10 iier cent. Later Germany's increase was set at 7 per cent.
In May, 1888, Magdeburg's prices ran: for 92^ rendement,^.50to 22.85 marks per
100 kilograms; 88^ rendement, .1.30 to 21.60 marks.
The price for refiued still remained away up at 62^. In October, 1888, the lowest
price for corn sugar was reached: 92<^ rendement, 17 to 17.15 marks; 88" rendement,
16.35 to 16.55. Refined sugar was not so much affected, though it did get down to
60. The new tax on sugar, which went into effect October 1, 1^8, had rather a bad
than good effect upou refined sugar, for in November, 1888, it went down to 58^ per
100 kilograms.
The following is the year's price-list for refined loaf-sugar:
♦.<
Months.
January...
February..
March.....
April
May
June
Jnly
' Angiist....
September
October...
November,
December
First
Second
Third
week.
week.
week.
Jfarif.
Marki.
Mark9.
64.00
63.50
03.00
61.60
61.60
61.25
60.60
60.25
60.00
50.60
56.25
68.50
68.00
67.60
67.25
67.76
67.76
68.00
68.60
68.76
59.00
60.00
60.26
60.50
61. to
60.76
60.50
60.25
60.00
60.00
68.00
67.75
56.25
69.60
60.00
60.00
Fourth
week.
Marks.
6j.oe
61.(10
5d.S0
68 00
57 50
58 25
.•« 75
01. l«
00. re
59.00
60.00
EUROPE— GERMANY.
293
Prkufwr raw and refin§d sugar for 1886-'e7, and 1887-'8a
1886-'87.
1887
'8a
Montht.
Baw
sugar.
Beflned.
Raw
•ugar.
Refined.
September......... ,
Marks.
41.60
89.50
39.50
40.30
40.30
39.60
39.80
42.60
42.90
43.35
44.25
44.65
Marks.
64.40
54.10
52.60
62.50
63.00
62. 76
52.35
64.50
55.60
56.15
57.26
67.00
Marks,
46.60
Marks.
68 00
October
54 SO
November.
54.70
December
68 66
Janiiarj' .....x .... ..» ^^
42.30
48.50
48.50
47. 45
45.70
46.00
47.60
47.60
Febm Ary .,
Maroh...
60 00
April
60. (jO
lOy : ::::::::;:::::::::::::::;::::::
58 00
June
58 40
Jnlv
58 50
Ausast
68.50
PETROLEUM.
Petroleam trade was coDstant nntil tbe beginning of winter, when prices advanced.
Roflsian petroleam, in spite of every effoi*t, nas been unable to force its great and suc-
cessful rival, American petroleum, from German markets. Tho former's cheapness
was more than made up for by the tatter's superior qaality, increased sales, and lighter
specific gravity. The import of the Russian article in tank-ships is still increasing.
Borne cheaper method to transport American oil should be devised; unless it be known
that successful competition is a scientific impossibility; by that I mean unless it is
known that science can not refine Russia's article down to our grade or bring it up,
if up is the better term. An hour after I had gotten the above opinions another
man told rae Russian oil is a dangerous rival of American oil already } that Wiirtem-
berg has been getting Russian oil by way of Trest and Ltibeck by rail, and some from
Antwerp by water ; that a great deal of it comes in tank-ships and tank-cars. The
Russian oil is reported as about a mark cheaper than the American ; and Germans
like cheap goods. The quality of the American is acknowledged to be better than
Russia's best.
Petroleum barrels. — A scarcity of these barrels, consequent upon oil coming, now, in
tanks, is repoited and prices for barrels have gone up. Besides, the drawback order
costs now almost as much as the barrel's tax ; hence importers are careless about ex-
porting the barrels, it hardly pays time and trouble. A house engaged in re-export-
ing barrels reports that iron vessels can never successfully fill the wooden ones'
places; for they, the iron ones, are easily injured and entail large losses, 20 to 30
marks.
PLANT OILS.
Mannheim is the center of a great district, a good part of which interests itself in
the production of various fruit and plant oils ; besides doing a profitable business in
putting up " preserves." The year 1888, in these branches, was a very satisfactory one.
There has been a marked movement upwards, owing, in part, to a general increase in
valaes of plant-increased activity, resulting in larger undertakings and abetter con-
dition between prices of production and sales. The principal causes of this favorable
turn in affairs will be found in cheaper raw material and a backward movement in
the prices obtained for plant and fruit oil- competitors, namely, lard, tallow, palm-
oil, etc. There has developed in this industry a feeling of security, and a belief that
the plant and fruit oils have won a safe place in public favor.
Cotton-seed oil from America is looked upon as the only really dangerous competi-
tor these other oils have. The tanff regulations of 1879 knew cotton-seed oil as
an oil for general trade purposes, and never thought of it as a food oil, and hence
put it under the class of oils taxed at 4 marks instead of in the 10-mark class. Amer-
ican skill has succeeded since, however, by means of a most excellent system of
cleansing, in producing from this oil a ^ood food oil and one now being acknowledged
superior even to olive-oil. The result is that the import of this enemy to home prod-
uct and indusljy grows daily more and more a general favorite, until clamor demands
that it be put *' where it belongs," in the 10-mark tariff list, among food oils. But
aU this clamoring and petitioning, for the thing has gone up to Government, has
294
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
been useless : the only satisfaetion given is that it mast await a general reTisfon of
tbe tariff. The curioas thing observable in the matter is to hear men demanding
tariffs against the American prodnct, who are all well-known opponents of all forms
of tariff taxes ; but they say, '* either none or just ones."
RAPB SBBD OIL.
This oil ei^oys and has enjoyed good business at good profits, bat its future grows
day by day more uncertain, at least in branches where it is used for smearing pur-
poses ; foreign mineral oils are bound to take its place.
Prices in marks for rape-seed oil for 1888) per 100 kilograms :
JanuAry :«.. S6
FebniAry 53
March 52
April 62
May 62
June 52
Average for the following years :
1888 66.26
1887.; 51.83
1886 49.33
18S6 5&13
1884 63.17
■ July 62
August 66
Supieniber ........^ 60
October 62
Novembor 64
December 96
1888 *^ 76.78
1882 68l67
1881 88.58
1880 62.50
1879 63.25
Palm, cocoanut, and other nut oils used for foods, soaps, and in other branches did
a thriving trade. Butter made from cocoanut oil is gaining rapidly in public favor.
It is regarded a good, cheap, and healthy article of food; and prejudice once
removed will 6nd largo favor among classes formerly opposed to any form of butter
except that made from milk cream.
TEXTILV8.
The textile industries had a good year, although the bad weather of the summer
and spring months interfered with sal^s of prints. In the matter of cotton the Prus-
sian railroads, running from the north sea-ports inland have announced certain re-
ductions in cost of cotton transportation to aid inland manufacturers, and to compete
with tbe cheap water rates. Reports come to me that the conventions, kartells, etc.,
a kind of organization of manufacturers to regulate, supplv, and keep up prices, is
finding a corresponding movement on the part of employ^, wno are combining to keep
up wages and regulate hours of labor. Kubber cloths, water-proofii, had an unusually
good year; the fact is the rubber-goods houses here seem to get along nicely ; much
of the capital in these factories here and much of the skilled labor came.from the United
States. Mr. Hutchinson, an American, head of a large rubber house here, told me
that the admiBsion of alcohols and spirits used in his trade to his works free of duty
renders it possible for him to do business cheaper here than at home; he can, in fact,
manufacture here and export to the United States, and then make money,
WOOD PULP.
The largest establishment for making wood pulp, to be used in the manufacture of
paper, is here in Mannheim. The agents of the firm report satisfactory returns for the
year 1888, and look forward to increiised business in ld89. Cellulose sold at higher
prices, England and America buying large quantities. The increased production,
consequent upon the favorable condition of the rivers, resulted in a slight drop in
prices, 12 cents to 24 on 100 kilograma.
tltntOPfe GERMAKt.
296
TRAFFIC OK THB RHIKB.
The folio wiDg tables are intended to illnstrate Germany 's rapid growth in basin ess
daring the last thirty-five or forty years :
Total traffic an the Rhine.
Year.
1880
1868
1868 *.
1870 : •
1872
1874 ....,
1878 ,
1877
1878 ,
1870
1880
1881
1882 , :.
1883 ^ ,
188« ...
1885 ,
1888
1887
To.
Ttint.
001,268.0
2,604,417.0
3.657,172.7
2,214,162.5
2, 712, 031. 0
.2,327,070.0
2, 860, 503. 4
2, 846, 530. 6
4,310.573.1
4,485,787.5
4, 080, 281. 8
5, 325, 02t 6
5, 386. 136. 4
6,400,201.1
6,363.738.0
8,358,173.0
7,411,188.8
7,604,018.3
From.
Tons.
436,880.0
2, 033. 408. 7
2. 051. 312. 7
2. 200. 532. 8
3,072,808.4
2,280,060.8
4,203,305.7
4,230,688.2
3.032,814.8
8,087.708.8
4. 333. 212. 7
4,886,182.4
4,771,032.3
5,628,314.3
8,238.084.4
5,030,020.4
7,050,303.6
7,340,675.4
ToteL
Tons.
1,427.155.0
6,53^875.7
6,158,485.4
4,504.605.3
4, 784. 838. 3
4,617,031.5
7, 112. S80. 1
7, 077, 168. 8
8,243,382.4
8,473,491.1
0, 31-J, 404. 5
10.101,204.0
10,167,168.7
12,028,52.3.4
12,601,803.3
12.280,102.4
14,470,492.3
14,044,691.7
NavigaUon on the Bhine.
■|
Year.
Up.
Down.
1
Year.
Up.
Down.
Yesselfl.
Tons.
YomoIb.
Tons.
Yessele.
TtflM.
YesaeU.
Tons.
1837
8,321
102.01
3,446
206.03
1888....
8,181
218.00
7,847
830.05
1838
3,188
118.57
3,431
304.83
1864....
2,480
180.11
7.806
68a 28
1830
8,388
117.08
3.284
275.70 i
1885....
2,756
261.37
8,264
885.61
1840
2,027
128.02
8,074
253.84
1868....
2,727
253.47
0,485
1, 204. 56
1841
2,873
152.78
8,478
263.12
1867....
3,125
271,10
10,766
1. 313. 03
1842
2,034
180.08
2, 088
231. 55 ;
1868....
3,080
333.84
11,261
1,313.14
1843
2,828
257.08
2,870
176.60
1880....
8,400
300.18
10, 732
1, 359. 48
1844
2,420
183.61
2,538
178. 13 !
1870....
3,550
483.62
0.230
1. 470. 20
1845
2,087
162.03
3,110
26L26
1871....
4,261
857.04
8,561
1. 432. 76
1848
3,120
287.27
8,188
24&23
1872
8,474
840.10
11,582
1. 514. 21
1847
8.800
307.54
8,048
258.56
1873....
7,244
007.40
11,001
1,581.85
1848
3,408
147.57
3,701
251.60
1874....
5,570
711.71
10,411
1,370.82
IIMO....
8,040
155.73
4,108
818.44
1876....
6,683
744.00
11,804
1,727.65
1850
4,174
173.68
4,347
300.48
1878....
6,120
000.72
12,430
1,708.87
1851
4,007
234.07
4,003
342.14
1877....
6,480
000.84
13,037
1,875.87
1852
.4,887
318.78
4.870
386.81
1878....
7,882
1,136.08
14,612
1,080.16
1853
4,776
245.21
4,802
417. 13
1870....
8,801
1,288.28
15,435
2,067.64
1854
6.176
203.37
8.680
562. 30
1880....
8,658
1. 315. 14
18.370
2,358.06
1856
5,688
27a 33
8,307
582.42
1881....
0,460
1, 479. 44
17,843
2.484.82
1858
6^082
301.72
6,824
580.52
lt>82....
10,810
1,600.68
16, 202
2.373.30
1857
5.676
314.85
5,042
458.34
1883....
10,753
1,783.45
18,003
2. 710. 85
1858
5,833
875.58
6,097
531.60
J oOft • • • •
11,773
1, 058. 35
18,330
2, 702. 36
1850
6,686
(!)
8,274
<*>^
1865....
11,005
1,700.60
18, 401
2,605.81
1860
8,510
200.28
7,085
508.88
1888....
11,727
1,003.71
17,833
2,614.07
1881*....
3,273
231.01
8,524
633.87
1887....
12,866
2,226.78
18^715
2, 730. 38
1882
3,837
242.22
6,087
686.28
* From 1881 ships in ballast are not inoloded in the aomberSi
296 COMMERCIAL BELATIONS.
CITY TAXES.
The city's land tax is raised on land valaed for tax gathering at 5,207,677 marks ;
taxing value of hoases, 84,075,780 ; of man nfact urea, etc., 125,U05,700; of incomes,
30,85^400. Snch is the yalnation for 1869; for 1888 they were 5,109,953, 78,152910,
121,586,800, and 28,863,225, in the order of land, boase, manufactare, and income yalna-
tion, an increase for 1889 of some 12,000,000.
•
BOARDS OF TRADE AT H<«ME AUD ABROAD.
The rapid increase of her popnlation, the i>OYerty of her soil, the circnmscribed
limiU of her empire force GhBrmany to seek elsewhere soEtenance for the teeming
millions of her active i>eop1e. They are a race not content with mere living. There
is a movement setting in stronger and stronger curreftts towards getting hold of as
mnoh of the world's commerce as possible ; to this end steam-ship unes are being es-
tablished and subsidized.
The newly-projected line of steamers to the East Indies oan not fail to benefit Ger-
man manufacturers hero in Baden as well as all other parts of the empire. The text-
i^ and chemical branches look upon the movement with especial favor. Mannheim
sees in a direct line of steamers to Bombay and Calcutta her emancipation from the
thralldom of British commission houses. Others see in the movement no prospect of
assisting German trade. Men wiio hare spent many yean in the import and export
trade with India^ and have lived many years in Calcutta, say cooipetition with
English ships is simply impoRsible ; that ships go now only half loaded ; that English
- vessels make special arrangements to pick up German goods ; that tar, cement, and
bulky wares go now by sailing vessels as steam rates are t-oo high for such commodi-
ties, and that direct linos for Germany will only be possible, when cargoes can be
found which will pay for the long passage. Such opinions prevailed wbeu Grermany
was about to subsidize the post steamers, but did not prove true. Anyway, for good
or evil, the die has been cast, Germany is committed to the policy, and has gone in so
deep that withdrawal with furtberexperimentandknowledge will not be thought of.
Germany in all her busy centers is interested in training lirst yonng men aud con-
Bills especially aud sending them abroad to drum up trade. Perhaps the most im-
portant feature of all this movement is that which aims at establishing all over the
world, wherever Germans are engaged in business, chambers of commerce to work in
coDJunction with German consuls. Their object is to furnish the consul and through
him, the mother country, with valuable commercial information, to assist in develop-
ing trade with people at home.
. C. MONAaHAN,
CknuuL
Unitkd States Conbplate,
Alannheimt Februarn 10, 1889.
^
EUROPE — GREECE.
297
GBEECE.
PATBAS.
REPORT BY OONSTTL BANOitOK.
Statements and official data showing the commerce of OreecSf for the years 1888 and 1887.
IMPORXa
ArtioleA.
Valnes.
1888.
1887.
Cereals
Tisanes
Wood for biifldinK.
Baw niineraiii ....
Wroa/(bi metals. . .
Preserved fish
SnfEar
Hides
Collee
Rico
Animals
Cottons
Raw metal
Prepared skins and wionght bones
Glass and eartJienware
Cotton, linen, hemp, eto
Paper
Chemical produce
Fsncy apparel
Rope
Cooperage material
Hats
Machinery
I'imber
Pharroaceatical articles
CaTiare, red and black
Spirits
Colonials
Bntter
Cheese ,
Wrought minerals
oa
Lamps and ohandeUers.
Umbrelliis and parasols.
Glue, starch, eto
Other articles
Total (official) t...
Total (oonsnlar) f .
*Draehma».
30. 803. 026
22. 847. 412
6, 858, 002
6, 536. 121
8,624,032
3. 755, 630
3, 473, 064
3,311.773
:t, OtU, 902
2, 083. 150
1. 010, 617
1.818,545
1, 716. 523
1. 504, 350
1, 433, 231
1, 304, 374
1,137.417
1, 001. 280
1, OW, 067
872,650
708,678
7.32. 830
726, 815
662,068
616, 802
550, 861
861, 716
327.561
316, 214
288,410
284,414
235, 824
. 185, 575
177. 3.50
171. 452
5, 304, 164
109, 140, 188
100,440.182
DrtUhmaji.
50. 1^, 204
28, 004, 184
6,165,047
6, 150. 538
2,060.007
3, 880, 444
3, 405. 201
3, 401, 271
3, 080, 518
2. 487, 690
2, 482, 831
1,876,231
1,085.278
i.2ac^Ci«
1,442.882
969, 295
1.444,187
857. 410
783. 893
822. 751
809, 128
888.314
362. 910
758,668
930, 264
885,227
848, 189
434, 385
431.396
627,784
615. 158
201,923
160, 360
225.9*26
186,624
9. 169. 864
Dnty.
188a
Draehrruu,
8, 105, 016
6,354,524
1,217,076
816,212
1,007,516
4,465,926
264.747
1,015,314
673, 219
692,639
526.763
259.5.'S5
831. 328
400,308
1887.
Vraehmoi.
4, 210. 8^9
5, 911. 257
1, 073, 715
361. 675
194,599
321,931
191,891
69.748
238.556
904,535
845,041
3, 990, 719
859,977
942, 723
684,104
1, 220, 040
314,213
148, 010
244, 041
824,204
72,708
03.378
156,836
180, 314
02.424
87, 708
92,029
66,417
61.785
47,477
50,087
1,950,776
613. .'>46
2i1,06((
830,084
12Ji, 906
00,090
492.037
204,847
31. 570
170,478
lOD, Oil
123, 130
116. 302
238, 145
135, 819. 625
131, 150, 325
26.470,811
40,a32
73.041
47, 779
63. 752
2, 747, 651
26, 675, 302
28,672,624
* Drachma = 10. 8 cents.
f The " official " totals are, donbtless correct althonph the " consular " totnls make up the tme snro
of the "details " as ^ven in the table. The tablfs are printed as ihey were officially received as it is
thought the errors were tyiM>graphical in some of the details.— Ko ri by tub Consul.
298
COMlCERCtAL RELATIOKS.
StaiemenU and ojfleial data $hawing the einnmeree of Oreeoe, etc. — Continued.
EXPORTS.
Articles.
Yalnea.
CnmntJi and other raisins
Ijfmik and ore
Wine
Pigs
Tobacco
Olive oil
SponjEes
PaloDca
Hides
Olives
Bmerj
Tanned hides
Cordons
SQk
Cheese ,
PreAcrvcd fkd fresh fruits,
Soap
Other articles
Total (official)
Total (consular)
1M8.
*l>r€iehmait.
53.250,637
20, 601. 206
4,414.871
2.650.231
2, 510, 748
2,206,08?
1,030,737
1,416.157
785,761
711,621
565.720
528,080
516, 463
828,^0
278,802
271. 038
243, 062
2,270,876
1887.
05, 658, 741
05,653,841
Draehmiu.
58.059^40
21,034.706
6,062,500
2,076.872
2,317,837
8. 535. 821
2,073,324
1,310.067
723,601
1, 055, 014
870,740
602,757
842,823
573, 010
216. 463
380.974
352,642
1, 636, 270
102,662,487
Duty.
1888.
Drtiehnuu.
5,807,000
322.068
402, K73
224,107
251.334
840,042
78.641
7, 827, 145
1887.
5,410,443
J.ld,lS6
352,790
254,290
604.^
176.815
176,787
7,404,902
* Drachma = 10. 8 cents.
».V
Imports under ih^vemment monopolies during 1888.
Articles.
Petroleani.
Hatches...
Total
From whence.
United State*.
Qermany
Packages.
165,507
13,640,400 boxes
Yalue.
I>rekehm4u.
003,588
116^305
1,110,087
Navigation of the principal ports of Greece during 1888 (arrivals).
Flag.
Britinh
Austrian...
French ....
Italian
TnrkiAh ...
Egyptian . .
Russian....
Danish ....
Dutch
Belgian....
German....
Norwegian .
Swedish ...
Samlan ....
Oreek ...
Total
Piraeus.
No.
135
136
143
161
08
100
5
23
0
5
1
816
853
1,160
Tons.
150, 135
124,446
170.550
192,450
11,088
96,405
590
24,018
8,511
5,421
868
703,581
01,000
885^400
Syra.
No.
153
2
140
3
430
68
...
8
1
808
806
1,114
Tont.
156,831
408
204,438
728
61,713
53.751
"""866
2,341
307
41
481.604
48.313
620,017
Patras.
No.
100
26
1
20
8
8
5
8
4
186
123
800
Tons.
86.305
7,167
704
4,075
1,850
210
8,001
5,010
4,820
1,148
141
114.620
32,217
146,887
Corfu.
No.
15
200
141
837
.1
8
787
204
1,081
Tons.
11^034
225. 520
100, 710
16,106
062
1,626
366,766
60,111
416,877
Cephalonia.
No.
5
I
18
8
4
6
2
30
48
87
Tant.
4.041
79
1,338
270
3.385
4,182
1,558
15.841
7,786
23.627
EUEOPE — OBE£CE.
299
Jfavigation of the principal ports of Greece during 1888 (orrivala )—CoQtiniied.
British
Anstrian ..
French ....
Italian
Turkish ...
EgyptiaD . .
Ruiwian....
Banish
Dntoh
Belifian . . . .
German —
Korwefrian .
Swedish ...
Samian
Greek
Total.
FUg.
Zante.
No.
21
10
1
13
7
1
4
58
100
168
TotM.
14, 447
2,009
158
1,003
772
744
2,006
105
29,134
20,025
43,150
Volo.
No,
4
29
05
129
58
187
Totu.
2,816
80,369
8.649
725
42,659
7,876
40,985
Othef ports.
No.
148
76
10
54
287
3
8
1
3
3
6
10
603
1,284
1,837
Tons.
138,898
43,788
6,022
17,881
722
2,370
1,204
2,378
1,313
2,635
218
2'i2,677
76,038
296,615
Total.
No.
681
670
304
410
1,274
100
63
27
18
17
21
11
6
16
8,426
2,516
6,942
Tom,'
565,807
433, 876
380.788
308,135
118,3^8
9'(. 495
65,370
27,350
16.967
16,091
14.871
4.3^
2,835
695
2, 050, 782
843,675
2,804,469
l^KiTKP States Comsulatk,
Patras, December 31, 1888.
£. Hancock,
Coneul,
CORFIJ.
Shipping at the port of Corfu during the year 1886.
Nationality of
▼eascJs.
British
Greek
Austiiaa
Italian
Ottoman
Other countries.
Total
Entered.
Sailing
ressels.
No.
3
316
59
69
29
476
Tom.
406
16,040
12,757
9,000
1,025
38,827
Steamers.
No.
60
260
585
135
6
1,046
Tom.
66,092
143,400
529,860
103,000
2,977
844,329
Total.
No.
63
576
644
204
29
6
1,622
TofiM.
65,498
158,440
542.617
112, 090
1,025
2,077
882,657
Cleared.
Sailing
Teasels.
No.
3
316
59
69
29
476
Ton*.
406
16.040
12,757
9,099
1,025
38,327
Steamers.
No.
60
260
686
135
1,046
Tons.
65.092
143.400
529,860
103,000
2,977
844,829
Total.
No.
63
676
644
204
29
6
1,622
Tom.
65,486
158,440
542,617
112,099
1.025
2,977
882,666
Principal cohorts from Corfu during the year 1886.
Articlan.
OUtooII gallons
Wine do...
Soap pounds.
Total
1886.
Quantity.
108,062
642,956
623,435
Value.
$92, 717. 56
306, 244. 38
94,126.20
498,088.17
1885.
Quantity-
616,432
965.953
685,963
Value.
$801,058.70
281,115.06
101,328.78
688,502.64
300
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Principal imports at Corfu during the year 1886 (for local ccnaumpHon).
Ariiclea.
Cereftls bashels..
ColoninU okea..
Toxtile goods do...
Hides do. ..
Sulphur do...
Hardware do...
Iron do. ..
Coaln tODB..
Other goods « .....okea..
ToUl
1886.
Qnuitity.
1,
873,142
691,259
83,696
86,152
699,830
28,423
221,690
15,082
306,729
Vslae.
$335,824.28
117, 513. 92
181.407.60
18,792.90
14,013.18
12,062.40
14,416.00
86,877.12
814,675.04
1885.
1,095,482.44
Quantity.
348,999
612. 134
105.442
28,767
767. 150
21, 312
156.579
. 16,663
1, 012, 901
Yalne.
1313,
107.
226,
1^
14,
7.
6.
85,
183,
170.46
276.20
524.64
829L44
741.78
455.70
7&M.40
078.88
751.08
968,48Si60
Exports and imports of Corfu, by countries^ duHng ike years 1885 and 1886.
Conntriflfl.
England.......
lUly
Austria
Franco
Turkey
Kjeypt
Kuasia
South America
Tunis
Rouniania
Total
Exports.
1886.
$688.94
179,181.16
128, 392. 66
89. 717. 84
80,672.90
4,710.18
6,688.20
121.22
1,964.92
492,12&02
188&
$1,885.48
801, 604. 76
240,420.08
41, .'99. 30
90,728.46
8,356.20
4,419.26
683,602.64
Importa^
1$86.
$341,876.04
96,769.80
210.030.12
17,480.32
10,81L98
861,565.70
10,606.00
1,047,388.98
76
06,872.44
179,926l56
14,779.00
7,617.00
822,882.40
27,000.48
878.87&68
l^nsii movements.
Imported in bond.
JSxported from'.bond.
Total
transit
move*
ments.
Oonntriea.
Re.
mained
In bond
on Be-
oember
81,18a'i.
Daring the present
year.
During the present year.
Remain-
ing in
bond
Direct
total.
Local
consump-
tion.
To foreign
ports.
To other
porta of
Uie king-
dom.
Deoemer
81,188«L
Englsnd
Austria
Turkey
DoUart.
102, 839. 56
66,785.02
174, 877. 60
10,180.74
12.539.40
94,540.48
82, 190. 98
220.80
70.82
93,810.34
Dottart.
478,255.04
131,477.04
143, 257. 72
110. 204. 58
24.562.90
224,452.80
86. 788. 60
112.02
828.70
244,545.90
DoUara.
581,094.60
198,262.06
317,635.22
120.385.82
37,092.30
818,993.28
68, 979. 58
332.82
899.52
837,856.24
Dottart.
88, 124. 78
24,681,88
67,082.34
15, 630. 8<(
493.80
144,942.18
7,181.40
283.84
895.96
205,195.86
Dottart.
365.844.84
117,004 92
88, 328. 96
76,518.22
18,836.08
18,219.68
44,176.64
Dottart.
86,554.62
14,618.90
DaUars.
510.024.24
156,305.20
100,411.30
113,861.40
18,865.70
162,04&44
57,668L52
263.84
89&96
f296,867.66
Dottart.
71,070186
4l,856.S6
217,228.02
7,033.02
18,226w€0
156,044.84
11.821.06
68.08
ItaJv
"ii'ioiso
35.82
4.786.68
6,800.48
■ ii»ij .........
France
Russia
South America
Germany .....
Efrypt
3.96
Roumania
1,672.00
4Q,068L58
Total...
587,065.64
1,893,975.80
1,981,030.94
648,992.22
639,001.24
183,488.80.1,417,002.26
563,938.68
EUROPE — GBEECE.
301
General imports of Corfu during the years 1886 and 1885.
Coantriea.
England....
lUly
AuBtria
France
Taikey ,
jRypt
Knania
South America *. .f.
Boamaala v
Gennany
Total ^..
$820, X31. 98
205, 974. 68
341, 507. 04
> 41,983.22
158,469.70
32&70
586,018.50
36,788.60
255,064.70
^ 112.02
2, 441, 869. 14
188S.
$694,
162,
285,
114.
408,
60.
43,
95&00
504.06
026.70
810.94
933.80
419.32
913.56
888.78
714.56
1,817,108.62
Coal to the amoant of 15,171 tens was imported. All bat 1,190 toDS was imported
in foarteen English steamers, the one exception being a Greek steamer.
Thomas Woodlet,
Consular Agent,
United States Consulab Agency,
Corfu, March 31, 1889.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS BT COUNTRIES.
lotal value of all artiolee exported from atid imported to Corfu from and to foreign
oountrtee during the years 1886 and 1887.
(SPECIAL COMMERCE.*)
Countries.
England
ItaJy
Anatria
France
Turkey
;«ypt
Bnsaia
South America
Tuoia
Boumania
Germany
Serria
Hentenegro ...
Total
Exports.
1887.
$4,751.04
225,913.60
173, 822. 20
60,312.00
61,972.60
3. 853. 44
227.92
30170
8, 877. 98
2, 508. 80
18.845.80
570.449.58
1886.
$683.94
179, 181. 16
128. 892. 66
89.717.84
80, 072. 90
4,710.18
6,683.20
121.22
1,964.02
492. 128. 02
Imports.
1887.
$215, 050. 26
101.437.44
. 201, 207. 54
33. 305. 10
112,630.46
182.00
504,008.10
62,989.24
16,053.12
20, 482. 94
4,182.53
1,275,618.73
1886.
$341,876.94
96, 76$. 30
210. 030. 12
17, 430. 82
10, 211. 98
361,666.70
10,608.60
1,047,302.96
* Special commerce does not include transit trade.
EXPORTS BY ARTICLES.
Principal articles of export from Corfu during the year 1887.
Articles.
■
1887.
1886.
Quantity.
Value.
Quantity.
Value.
OttTo-oil :..
Wine
Soap
Wool
Rails..
okea..
do...
do...
429, 200
1,097.488
4*22, 053
14.189
101,048
$243,843.42
239, 925. 12
74,986.78
2,870.40
5,807.62
198,062
642,956
623,435
$92,717.56
30^244.38
04, 126. 20
Taloiiia .;.T,.--.r-..r..-
Total V
667,432.84
492.088.14
302
COlfMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
IMPORTS BY ARTZCLB8.
Primoipal artielw of imports of Corfu during the year V&S7 for loeal ocmnmpiiom.
Artioles.
Ceroals '. bv^rls..
Coloniab '.OJkM..
Textile .;^ 5...?.. do...
Hldf-e do .
Salphar .....do.*.
HnnHirare do..
Iron do..
Coale do..
Other goods do. .
Totftl
18M.
Qoaatlty.
878,142
001,259
83,.686
8e,162
6M,830
28,428
221, 000
15,082
1,806,729
Vaiae.
9885,824.28
117,513.92
181, 407.00
18,792L90
14, 013. 18
12,062.40
14,416.00
86.877.12
814,575.04
1,095,482.44
1887«-
Quantity.
403,980
567,718
132,833
89,541
167,825
141, 172
197, 27«
11,035
1,932,548
Valne.
1539.887.68
lll,46L88
177,723.84
14,587.20
5,818.40
83.444.48
13,?9«.07
48.90!t.40
285, 109. 39
1,179,783.75
Transit trade ^f Corfu, 1887.
ConntriM.
EfiKliind
Aniitri»
Turkey
lUly
France
BnMia
South America
Germany .....
Bg>T)t
Roomania ....
Total ...
Imported in bond.
Bemained
in bond
December
81,1886.
$71.
41.
217.
7,
18,
156,
11,
40,
070.86
056.86
223.92
038.02
226.60
054.84
321.06
68.98
8.56
96&56
Daring tiie present
year.
Direct.
563.948.68
9309, 571. 56
92,682.04
23, 186. 30
40, 434. 24
4, 066. 08
207, 120. 00
151,165.83
3, 231. 54
44,056.90
965.515.39
Total.
$470, 641.
134,638.
240.410.
47,468.
22,293.
363, 174
162,486.
3,300.
3.
85,045.
92
90
22
16
58
84
88
52
56
48
1,529,464.07
Exported from bOnd.
During the present year.
For local
oottBump'
tion.
$W,
20,
6,
12,
3.
162,
44,
082.81
303.42
691.94
574.84
237.80
397.24
806.94
06.00
53, 866. 86
306, 016. 85
To foreign
ports.
$273,488.72^66,422.40
48,464.64 18,081.34
15,378.62 811.80
20,800.14 5.317.24
2,819.52 441.98
26,162.10 2,876.96
44,580.04 85,026.74
1,130.50 192.00
8,603.80
441, 340. 58
To other
ports of
the King-
dom.
123,170.46
Tbtal
titosit
move-
ments.
in bond
December
31, 1687.
$431.991.93 938,
81,849.401 5S,
2^282.36218,
38,701.22 8,
6,498.80 15,
190,936.30172,
124,479.73 38,
1,418.50 1,
62,369.66
22,
649.99
789.50
127.86
766.94
794.78
231^54
007.17
882.02
3.56
675.82
960,527.8V568,9S&18
Oeneral imports of Corfu during the years 1886 and 1887.*
Conntries.
England
Italy
Austria
France
Turkey
ISgypfc
Busflia
South America
Roomania
Germany
Montenegro ,
Total
$615,52L82
144,871.68
293,889.58
87,372.08
135, 816. 76
182.00
711, 21& 10
214,155.07
00, no. 02
23,714.48
4,182.53
2,241,034.13
1886.
$820.
20^
841,
41,
153,
586,
36,
255,
131.96
974.68
507.04
983.22
460.70
32&79
018w50
788169
05170
112.02
2; 441, 309. 14
* General commerce ombrSiOes the transit trade.
EUEOPE — GREECE.
303
Beium of all shipping at the port t/ Corfu in the year 1887.
KationAUty of
BritUb
Greek
Aastrian
Italian
Ottoman
Other countries
Total....
Entered.
Sailing
▼eeaeli.
No.
3
2t6
7
49
100
13
388
Tom.
273
11,927
663
7,577
2,130
i,876
27,346
Steamers.
No.
45
100
415
112
2
764
lont.
43.987
170,027
878.204
93,^(08
1,409
82,666
TotaL
No.
48
406
422
161
100
16
1,162
Tona.
44,260
181.054
373,827
101,385
2,130
6,345
709,901
Cleared.
Sailing
vessels.
NTo.
2
216
7
49
100
13
387
Tont.
197
11.927
663
7.677
2.130
4,876
27,270
Steamers.
No.
46
190
416
112
764
48.087
170, 027,
873,264
93,808
1,469
682.556
TotaL
No.
47
406
422
161
100
16
1,161
Tont.
44,184
181,954
373,827
101, 886
2.130
6.345
709,825
COAL IMPORTS.
The followiDg table demonstrates the quantity of coals imported in Corfu daring
the year 1«87 :
English
....Do -
....Do .
... Do .
Do .
....Do .
....Do.
Grack..
Do .
German
Total
Flag.
United States Consular Agency,
Corfu, December 31, 1888.
Desorlption.
Steamer
...do...
...do...
....do...
...do...
...do...
...do...
...do...
....do...
...do...
Tons.
405
1,166
1,442
679
1.044
882
1.449
1,200
1.818
300
10.335
ITamber
of
Vessela.
9
1
10
Thos. Woodley,
Consular Agent.
PATBAS.
REPORT BY CONSUL HANOOOK,
IMPORTS.
There is very little to report on this head. The sole articles received at this port,
direct from the United States, consist of 58,000 cases refined petroleum and 215,000
staves ; both these articles show considerable increase over quantities received in
1887, which were 37,748 and 60,000, respectively. Whether the increase in petroleum
arises from a less quantity having been smuggled, or it just happens that three
arrivals came within the year against two the previous year, I can not ascertain ; the
monopoly of the Oovemment in this article continues, and the price is maintained
the same, 20 francs, gold, per case. The staves continue to give satisfaction, and I
expect the quantity will go on increasing.
Plenty of other articles of American manufacture are to be found in the place,
chiefly sewing machines, clocks, tinned meats, and fruits, etc., but whether they are
ordered direct or bought in other markets, I can flot say.
304
COBIMEBCIEL BEIATI0N8.
EXPORTS.
Exports to the United States^ for whicli this consulate has certified inToices, amount
dnring the year to the yalne of 11,043,077.16, and consist of 13,951 tons of coirants. and
trifling quantities of wine and salted olives of the valae of only 9731.27. As I nave
poihUKl oat in other reports, to make a comparison with previous years it is necessary
to take into consideration the invoices certified at the consular agenoy of Zante, and
these have heen kindly given to me by our agent there, and show the value of exports
to bave been $172,644.88, consisting of 2,2(3 tons of currants, and a little wine and
green olive-oil soap of the value of ^1.74 ; it will thus be seen that the total quantity
of currants sent to the United States from Greece sum np to 16,210 tons, by far the
largest quantity ever shipped in one year. The shipments in 1887 amounted to 12,330
cons ; the next largest quantity was in the yetfr 188:^ 13,917 tons. The great increase
in the quantity has been during the last half of the year, from the crop gathered in
July and August, which was exceptionally abundant, indeed the largest ever pro-
duced, and pnces consequently moderate. Price opened in July, for what is currently
known as American staple at equal to 21«. per hundred- weight, cost and freight to
New York, but soon receded to 17«. 6d, per hundred-weight, cost and freight, at about
which it was maintained until the end of August, when it declined about, one shilling
per hundred- weight, and varied little until about the middle of October, when a far-
ther decline to about 15*. 6d. per hundred-weight, cost and freight, wasestAblished,
and again toward the end of October jthere was afresh decline of a shilling until about
the middle of November, when it was 13«. 6d, per hundred-weight, cost and freight,
after which some few invoices were presented ife low as lis. 6d. per hundred- weight,
cost and freight^ and even since the beginning of the year as low as 10s. 6d. and ICs.
per hundred-weight, cost and freight, but these are known to have been speculative
sales in anticipation of decline on this side, which never occurred, the price here not
having been lower than the equivalent of 12a. 6d. per hundred -weight, coat and freight.
At the present time the price is equal to about 13s. 6d. per hundrad- weight, cost and
freight. For the better description of currants considerably higher prices have ruled,
say 3«. to 6s. per hundred-weight, according ta quality. Of this better class of fruit,
much more has gone to America trom last season's crop than in previous years, and it
is evident some purchasers are giving more care to the quality of the fruit, and they
are quite right to do so, for some of the fruit shipped to America has had such a
quantity of rubbish mixed with it and must lose such a deal of weight before it can be
prepared for consumption, that in the end the price must prove higher than a much
better description of fruit would cost. Even the newspapers on this side did not re-
frain from crying out against some of the wretched stuff that was shipped to Amerios;
even charcoal powder, sand, and sea-water were freely added to the fruit to give it.
color and weight, purchasers being intent only on cheapness and quite regardless of
quality. It seems pretty certain, however, that with low prices Americacan consume
even a still greater quautity of cun ants than she took last year, and people here were
immensely pleased when they lately learned that the bill admitting currants on the
free list had passed t he Senate.
Tom.
ToCanads..... 1,615
To Trieste..... 2,286
ToKuMia S6S
GENBRAL TRADB.
Referring now to the trade in general of this place, of which currants are always
the principal article, the crop will prove even larger than then estimated.
The shipments so far, from the new crop, have been :
Tone.
To CTnited States 12.680
To United Kingdom 54,648
To north of Europe 22,128
To France 22,239
To Australia 1,111 Total 117,270
and it is estimated that about 45,000 tons still remain for shipment, some 4,000 to
5,000 tons of which, however, is said to be of such inferior quality that it is not fit
for shipment, and is being distilled in this country. A very disappointing feature
in the trade of currants has been the comparatively small quantity taken by France
from last season's crop. Vine-growers there have become alarmed at the large quan-
tity of wiue produced from currants, and have been agitating for protective duties,
and have so far succeeded, that, although no increase of duty has so far been imposed,
very restrictive laws have been instituted prohibiting the sale of wine made from
currants, excepting under tliat denomination; and it is still feared that at any
moment a heavy increase of duty may be imposed. This has naturally t'Cnded to
frighten merchants, and is no doubt #he reason for the falling off in the quantity.
To some extent this has been equalized by the extra quantity taken by Germany and
Holland, where it is well known a large portion of the currants taken by Uipse ^on-
KUBOPE — OSEEOE.
305
tries 18 consTiined in the mannfactnre of wine, not only by speoial mannfaotarers, but
by families for their private use. The process of making wine from currants is so
simple that I am sarprised it has not been tried in America. I oonclnde that it has
not been, as cnrrants nsed for this purpose are generally shipped in bags, the cost
being less than when packed in barrels or cases, it being of no consequence if the
fruit gets somewhat crushed in transport.
Valonea, — This crop shows considerable increase over last year, being estimated as
follows: Etolico, 2,600 tons; achaia, 500 tons; laconia, 4,200 tons; total, 7,500 tons,
against 4,700 tons last year. Shipments have only jnst commenced^ quality is fairly
foody and price about £10 per ton, free on board. Several small sailing vessels have
een chartered to load for England at 30* and 10 per cent per ton.
Olive oil, — ^This crop has also been fairly abundant, and will allow of about 8,000
tons for exportation; price about £28 per ton, free on board.
Win9. — This crop was short on account of the dry and hot feather in the autumn.
The exports from this were of the value of ^,200 against $40,700 in 1887 ; and went
chiefly to Hamburg, Amsterdam, and Rotterdam. A small quantity of very line fla-
vored cognao is now made here superior to many of the French brands. It is sold
here in retail at 4 francs per bottle.
A trial has been made of champagne, which seems likely to prove successful.
Tobacco, — This crop continues to Increase rapidly and large quantities are now
shipped to Turkey and Egypt, but as it is grown principally on the eastern side of
the country, I am not in a position to get many particulars. I have however come
across some statistics. In four months in 1886 (from September 1, to December 31)
the exports to all countries were 1,868,563 pounds of the value of $130,225. In eight
months in 1887 and 1888 they were 3,766,814 pounds of the value of $238,940, and
4,239,225 pounds of the value ef $272,270, respectively.
IMPORTS.
4
The trade of this port during the past year will show a slight falling off, but noth-
ing of serious consequence.
Manufactured goods have fairly kept their ground, and iron and machinery, inde-
pendent of what has come for the railways, will show an increase.
CoaU, — ^The imports have been 19,023 tons, against 20,723 tons, in 1887; price has
ranged from 229. 6d» to 25«. per ton.
Dried oodJi$h»— Nine cargoes of Labrador arrived at this port duringthe year, bring-
ing 27,530 quintals, besides about 1,000 quintals arrived from Italy. The first arrivfSs
in the autumn realized very good prides, say 21«. 6d, per quintal, to pay cost, insur-
ance, and freight, and 19«. 6d. and 18«. 6d. ; but these high prices induced too heavy
consignments, besides there were also heavy arrivals at the neighboring port of Zante,
so that the markets became glutted, and a great deal of -fish had to be stored, where
it still remains, and it will now scarcely realize 12«. per quintal c. i. and f.
CereaU received at this port during the past year have been: Wheat, 155,000 quar-
tersj maize, 14,000 quarters; barley, 2,500 quartet; oats, 650 quarters; total, 172,150,
against 177,100 quarters in 18^7.
Prices have ranged in bond about for :
P&rqwurter.
Wheat $12.04
Halze 8.23
Barley.
Oato...
Per quarter.
$5.72
8.93
Minerals. — A thousand tons of sulphur wore received from Milos (the small island in
the Greek Archipelago). It is used when ground into very fine powder for dusting the
vines as a prevention against the Oidium. We have fortunately so far escaped phyl-
loxera.
SHIPPINO.
The bulk of the import and export trade of this port has as hitherto been under the
British flag. The foreign shipping here during the year has been :
Countries.
Britinli
Gfrniim »....
Btrlulaa
Italian ^
NorwiDC^ian ^
Dntch..
Frenoh.'
Teasels.
Quantity.
Ko.
Tone.
131
110,047
12
7,786
6
6,266
5
8, 827
6
2,011
8
2,981
1
794
10611 0 E ^20
306
COMMEBCIAL RELATIONa
Freights have ruled about as follows ;
t. dL
New Tork • 27-4 In fdll per ton.
I^ndoD • — SJM) in ftill per ton.
Liverpool • 35-0 in fall per ton.
Hontrt)Al Sft-O and 10 per cent, per ton.
North of Europe 2S-OandlO percent, per ton.
Maraeilles 1« In fall per ten.
Rouen 28 in AiUperton.
Four pawenger steamers ran to and from Briodisi weekly, vis : Tuesday, Italian :
Wednesday, (ireek; Thursday, Austrian; Saturday, Italian, and an Austrian and
a Greek steamer run fortnightly from Trieste to Constantinople, calling at this port.
CURRXMCT.
Of late there has been some improyement in the value, and efforts are being made
to do away with the forced paper, but this is not likely to be effected for the next
four or five years.
The following have been about the rates of exchange for commercial bills during
the last year :
January : draclunaa..
Maroh .....do....
April do....
May ^ do....
June...... .......... .....I. ........ do....
Per £.
82.40
82.40
82.30
32.60
82.40
31.20
July draebmaa..
Angnat do....
September do....
October do....
Noveinoer...... do....
December do....
Per£.
81.30
31.70
81. fid
31. 6S
8L«
80.90
PUBLIC WORKS.
Railways, — ^The line between here and Athens has now been working for rather
more than a year, and I understand the receipts are satisfactory and eo on increas-
ing ; two trains leave and arrive from Athens daily and there is a third train to and
from Aorata.
The line between here and Pyr^ijos is progressing rapidly, and has already been
opened as far as the villasre of Aonaia.
Another line between Myli and Calamata has been commenced, and aline between
Calaroata and Pyrgos is contemplated, which would complete the circuit of the
Morea.
The Athens newspapers announce that the Qovemment have Just concluded ao
arrangement with an English co^ppany for a line between Piraeus and Larissa. It
is valued at 70,000,000 francs, on which the Government guaranty 6 per cent, per
annum for ninety-nine years, after which the line, plant, and roUiug-etock will be-
come public property. The company have undertaken to arrange with the port for
the union of the line with that of Saloiiica ; otherwise no interest will be guarantied
for six years. The union of these linett would bring Greece in ooi^unction with the
Continental system of railways, and thus make an opening for a new route to Alex-
andria of considerably shorter sea voyage than from Briodisi.
Canal at the Isthmus of (Jarintk, — ^This work is progressing, but difficulties oontinne
to crop up, not only financially but otherwise. The governing committee have lately
decided to defer payment of interest to the shareholders, and it has been found that the
cutting is too perpendicular and considerable slope will have to be given to prevent
land-slips, and in some places it will be necessary to build up to protect the sides.
Originally it was estimated that the 8,000,000 cubic meters required to be excavated
at a cost of 30,000,000 francs, including 5 per cent, interest to the shareholders, and
that the cntting would have been completed last November; in coaseqnence of the
increase of slope it is now reckoned that 10,000,000 cubic meters require to be ex-
tracted, and that the cost will be increased to 60,000,000 francs, and that the canal
can not be iioished before November, 1891.
Fatras breakwater, — The dispute between the committee and the contractors has
been arranged by giving the contractors 50 per cent, more for the work than pre-
viously stipulated and making fresh contracts for lengthening the breakwater and
making quays, etc., which when completed will make a good port.
£. Hancock,
ConsuL
United States Consulatb, *
Putras^ February 15, 1889.
BUBOPE — rCALY.
807
ITALY.
SMPOMT BY OONSUL'GJSyJEBAL ALDJBN FOB THE TBAB IffiX.
POPULATION.
The population of Italy on December 31, 1887, was 30,260,065, an increase of
317,923 during the year. There was a creditable deorease of the death rate per 1,000,
from 28.31 in 1886 to 27.56 in 1887, which was unquestionably due to increased atten-
tion giyen to sanitary matters since the appearance of the cholera in Italy.
Population of Italy for the years 1886 and 1887.
Details.
Total population on December 81. «
Marriages 2
Birtha (uot indading still bhlhs)
Deaths (not iuclading still births)
Marriaircs per 1,000
Birthfi per 1,000
Deaths per 1,000
1888.
1887.
29.942,U2
. 30,200.066
233.810
233; 338
1.086,960
1, 152. 020
. 844. 6U3
834, 0U7
7.70
7.71
86.30
38.07
28.21
27.66
AORICULTUKE.
■
An increase in the wheat and Indian corn crops, a marked deorease in the olive oil
crop, and a less important decrease in the wine crop are the chief features of the
Italian crops in 1887 as compared with 1886.
Italian crops in 1886 and 1887.
Articlea.
Wheat bnstaela.
lodluieoni do...
Barley -. do...
Bye do...
Rioe do...
Wine gallons.
Olive oil do...
Oranges, lemons, and citrous * — number .
Cheataata : pounds.
Silkooooons do...
Oata bnsbels.
Peaa, beans, and lentils do...
Fare, lupiaa, and obiok peaa do . . .
Potatoea pounds.
Flax ^ do...
Hemp do...
Tobaceo do ..
Clover, etc do...
Griisses do...
Hay do...
1886.
Total quantity.
Per^
centegeof
^)rdinary
orop.
112,
77,
8,
4.
20,
938,
68.
3,002,
710,
W.
14,
950,089
506,683
951, 840
250,347
500,732
617,963
860, 269
223,737
348,354
281, 097
761, 822
705,835
1,552,906,180
_ 34,466,71c
170,677,817
11,658,144
15,262,633.377
18,615,222.866
15,480,301.559
8S.79
91.80
79.73
81.64
98.73
101. 13
77.64
80.15
82.80
78.56
82.97
70.88
79.49
78.72
90.81
1887.
Total quantity.
119,
74,
7.
4,
18*
872,
41,
8, 176,
667,
26,
16.
8,
8.
1,520,
83.
172.
2,
19. 607,
]8.820,
13. 574,
Per-
centage of
ordinary
crop.
333, 418
771.335
967.633
339,460
867,253
170, 912
824.561
748,346
603, G40
S91, 1 14
674, 058
915.463
630.988
388.921
900, 52J
3rn,242
540.611
251. 859
465, f 81
465,859
90.29
88.45
7M1
83.35
90.86
92.94
47.29
84.75
79.02
88.53
68.97
73.21
78.29
78.19
92.01
The foregoing figures were published in the various numbers of the Bollettino de
Notizie Agrarii^ issued by the Direzione General dell' Agricultnra, and are thus official,
although they were not coUeoted by the Direzione General della Statistica, which is
the chief authority in Italy in matters of statidtics.
308
COMMERCIAL REIiATIONa
FUHBRnW.
In 1886 there were employed in the Italian fisheriee 17,498 YesselB of the aggregate
toDDage of 50,510, manned by 50,734 men and boys.* In 1887 the nnmber or yesaels
BO employed rand their aggregate tonnage,-were reepectively 18,279 and 51,387; and
the number of men and boys employed were 52,422.
This increase was prineipally in the fish fisheries— if they may be so called— in
which there was an increase in 1887 of 1,644 tons. There was in 1887^a slight decreaAe
in the tonnage of vessels and number of men employed In the coral and sponge fish-
eries.
MINES.
The latest attainable statistics as to Italian mines are those of 1886. The follow-
ing statement shows the product of these mines in that year, 'and the number of
miners employed.
Italian mines and their products.
Chftraoter of mines.
Iron
Manganese
Ziiio
Lead and sine.
Silver
Gold
Antimony ...••..
Qalckellver
Iron pyrites
Coal, lignite, eto
Sulphur
Rock-salt
SalM of sprinffs
Atphalt, mastlo and bitumen
Petroleum
Alum
Boracio aoid.
Graphite....
^ Total in 1886.
Total in 1885
Difference
Mines.
41
6
8
76
8
7
12
11
2
6
24
403
24
2
15
7
1
12
8
687
613
61
Miners.
1,683
148
1.037
8,616
109
1,288
619
420
893
821
2,629
29,875
685
215
488
145
93
664
110
49.237
•61, 791
2,554
Ore ex*
traoted.
[
Ton§.
209,082
5.551
25.162
39.841
107.548
932
1.639
10.759
1,788
250
17,149
243,325
874,643
18,394
10,881
17.948
219
6,000
3.063
4,000
1,097.830
1, 078, 462
19,878
Value.
#442,443
ao.9<2
11X612
1,875^774
1,884,6^8
2,484
878,190
102, mi
179.463
29,38D
348,123
5^896.730
58^153
60.129
74,832
17.588
34,746
296,560
80,880
10,243,208
11.879.B30
1,186^617
There was in 1886, as compared with 1885, an increase in the production of coal and
lignite and a decrease in the production of sulphur. The aggregate product of Ital-
ian mines showed little variation in 1885 and 1886.
EDUCATION.
The percentage of Italians who can neither read nor write can not be actually
known until the next general census, but a fair estimate would make the percentage
to-day not larger than .56. It decreases steadily every year.
In the scholastic year 1884-85 (than which no later statistics are attainable) there
were in the Italian elementary school — including infant asylums — 2,937,015, of whom
1,630,126 were males and 1,306,889 were females. The increase in the total namberof
pupils as compared with the preceding scholastic year was 359,453.
The statistics given in the following statement are for the scholastic year 1885-^86.
They show an increase of 1,438 in the number of pupils attending the secondary
schools in that year.
ISUROPE — ITALY.
309
Italian secondary eehooU in 1886-^86.
Sohools.
CLASSICAL SCHOOLS.
GymxuMia:
GoYemment
All other..... t
ToUl
Lyceiimii :
^. GoTemment
All other....
Total :
TBCHXICAL SCHOOLS.
Teohnical sehools :
GoTemmeiit
Allo^er ^
Totid
TeehBieal instifntes:
Government
All other ,
Total -
]f eresntUe-mariiie institutee :
Gowiumeat '.
All other
Total
Grand total.....
Schools.
1,675
Paplls.
130
597
16, 703
81, 528
727
47.230
97
229
7,219
6,477
826
I3,C96
107
818
10,915
]6, l)^6
426
27.131
46
27
6, 523
1.858
78
7,881
20
4
708
66
24
774
96^212
There was a decrease in the number of secondary schools in the scholastic year
1885-'86, compared with the preceding year, of 25. This decrease, however, was not
attended by any decrease in the nnmber of pnpils.
The number of pupils in the Italian Universities and the superior institutes and
special schools increased in 1885-'d6y from 16,591 to 17,240. As to the schools for
special instructions, the statistics are complete with one exception, for the scholastic
year 1886-^87, but they show no substantial change in the number of pupils.
Italian univerHtieif superior institutes, and special sohools in 1885-'86.
Deacription.
UniTersitlea:
Goveiument
Free
Total
UniTeTsity bchoola annexed to lyoenm
Snperitir uistitatea. . ^ .- ,
Saperior apecial BohooU
Grand total.
Instltn.
tiona.
17
4
21
11
10
42
PupUa.
14,500
817
14,817
50
1.8?)8
515
17,240
r:
310
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Special teaching during the eokolaeUe years t885-'86 and 1886-'87.
Ooyemment sohoola of fine arto
Government musical Bohoolt
MlUtaiy aohoola
Naval academy b
Engineers' niiral academy
A Kricaltnral schools
liinins schools
Indas&ial and oonunerolal sohoola
Total
188&-'86.
Sohoola.
14
• 6
12
1
1
27
4
161
PnpUa.
8,230
794
2.928
204
163
81
29,928
29,204
188S.*87.
Sohoola.
14
6
12
1
1
27
4
Pupils.
8,294
842
8,«00
239
146
891
OOVERNMSNT LIBRARIES.
There are in Italy thirty-two Goyemmentpahlto libraries which had, in 1886,
758,133 readers ; the number of boolu called for was 1,019,354. There is also a very
large number of libraries belonging to commnnes and to private persons, which are
practically open to the public. •
CRIMX.
The following statement sbows the extent of crime in Italy in 1885 and 1886:
Crimes com.
Crimes of which criminals were convicted.
•
Character of crimes.
mitted.
By pretors.
By tribunals.
By oourts of
assises.
Total.
1886.
1886.
1886.
1886.
1885.
•
1686.
1886.
1886.
1886.
1886.
Homicides:
Committed ....
1,716
2,141
206
81
43,187
134
1,976
34.229
31, 189
1.669
2,142
249
26
47,666
181
2,093
84,962
83,186
108
90
2
2
9.282
11
171
6,239
4,726
136
172
1
1
9,167
14
128
6.606
4,606
•
1,663
620
76
669
74
420
1,246
26
1,476
496
76
1
410
68
870
1,296
82
1,671
610
77
2
61,417
86
601
7.484
44,441
1,612
667
Attempted —
Infanticides :
Committed ....
77
Attempted
Assaults and bat-
teries......••«.•.
. 2
61,606
65,766
66,332
72
Bobberies :
With homicides
Without hom-
icides
507
Thefts :
Qualified
Simple
7,901
46,908
89, 690
42,266
As is seen from the fbregoinc statement, the number of crimes committed In 188C
was very nearly the same as the number committed in 1885. The slight increase in
1886 was chiefly in assaults and batteries, and there was a slight decrease in iiomi-
cides and infanticides.
EUBOPE — ITALY.
311
SMIGRATIOir.
The following statement abowe tbe destination of Italian emiflrante in 1886 and
1887.
DosttiiAtioiL
United States
Mexico and Central America (excluding the AntiUea)
Total
Argentine BepnbUc •
Uruguay
Paraguay • •
Bfaksfl *.
Other American States (indnding the Antlllea)
Total
Total emigration to Korth and South America.
Algiers •
5«yp*
Tunts
Other African countries
Total
OcNWiIca .... ll'.l'""llll"ll""llliy/."..l]lllll\ll
Total emigration to non-European countries ...
Smigration to European countries
Grand total
1886k
1,720
28,920
404
20,184
86,634
1,202
047
11,834
8,816
58,032
82,166
2,243
740
1,557
424
4,004
02
231
87,428
80,406
107.829
1887. Difference.
1,632
87,221
746
80,599
52,383
1.205
821
81,445
8,920
88,864
129,463
1,376
867
633
576
3,45t
61
216
183,191
82,474
215,665
— 68
+ 10,301
+ 252
+ 10. 466
+ 15, 840
+ 93
+ 174
+ 20,111
+ G05
+ 86, 832
+ 47,297
— 868
— 127
—924
+ 152
+ 1, 513
— 1
— 15
+ 45,768
+ 2,0(i8
+ 47,636
Of the total increase in emigration in 1887 (47,636) almost the whole was in the di-
rection of North and South America (47,2^). The increase of emigration to South
America (36,8:{2) was very much greater than the increase to the United States (10,301)
Of the South American States Brazil and the Argentine Republic, both of which
render assistance to emigrants coming from Italy, almost monopolized Italian emigra-
tion in 1887. The Italian Government, while necessarily ^cognizing the right or ite
citizens to emigrate, naturally dislilces to lose their services, and nothing could be
further from the truth than the theory that the Italian Qoverment is anxious to rid
itself of a supposed surplus population.
The climate in South America is so much better suited to Italians than is that of
the United States that they would oaturally seek the former continent. Mauy of
the poorer classes do not, however, know any difference between the United States
and the Argentine Republic, and there is no doubt that many go to the United States
under the mistaken impression that they are going to South America.
RAILWATB.
The total length of tbe railway lines in Italy on June 30, 1888, was as follows :
Miles.
Hedit«nsan«an Company 2,8834
Adriatic Company 8,8831
Sioilian Company 42U
Sardinian Compaoy 250}
All other oompaniet 90k{
Total ^... 8,3511
r^
312
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
The following statoment shows the new lines of railway opened between July 1,
1887, and June 30, 1888:
Company to which new line belongs.
Mediiemaean.
Adriatic
Sicilian
Bologna and Porto Majicglore. . ,
Settimo and Caatellamonte . . . .
2Iovar»and Seregno
Ventoso-Regj^lo and Suaslatta
Sardinia, Secondary Bailway .
Total
Sztentofltne.
From Cuneo to Robilante
From Cuueo to Koecadi>bal(U
From Kocca«iebalt1i to Mondoa
From Rome ioTivoli
Fiom FojTicist to Ltit*4?ra
From NKpIes to Porto di Masea
Fi-om MuMtia LombarUo to Lngo
From S. Gewaoni to Crevaloaore....
Bide tracli8,eto
"From Budrio to Medicina
From Badrio to Molinella
From Medicina to Massa Lombardo.
From Molinelta to Porto Maggiori...
From Rivarello to Caiit«llarooDte ...
From liaftto-ArstKio to Saronno
From Saronno to Snregoo
Ft-om Correegio to Carpi
From Cagliaii to laiii
FromMouteto Tempeo
Date of
opening
from
July. 1887,
to Jnne,
1888.
Jnly
16
Oct.
8
Feb.
18
Aag.
Ang.
Apr.
Apr.
la
June
Sept 20 1
July
16
Aug.
16
Deo.
4
Dec
21
July
25
Oct.
5
Dec
31
Oct
15
Feb.
15
Feb.
15
Length.
m
m
n
25
11
H
4
10
3
5
5«l
2271
The present railway from Rome to Naples has many steep grades and makes many
detours U* reach small towns. The Government has decided to shorten the present
line by straightening it and by reducing the grades. It has also decided t^ build a
new line along the coast. By either of the lines, when completed, the lenzth of the
trip between Kome and Naples will be shortened from six to foar and one-half hours.
The new road from Florence to Bologna by way of Faensa, and the new road from
Spezia to Lucia will| it is expected, be opened within a year.
No accidents of any consequence have occurred on the Italian railways for many
years, which is a sufficient proof of the care with which they are managed.
The following statement shows the receipts of the three chief railway oompanies
during the year ending Jnne 20, 1888 :
HeceipU of the three okief railway oompanies during the year ending June 30, 1888.
Receipta.
Passengers
Lu;igaK0 ,
ExprvHS frcielit
Oruinary fi-(>ight
All other receipts
Total
Mediterra-
nean.
19, 257, 835
447.442
2, 24:.. 571
11, 097, 021
146, 778
13, lOi, 647
Adriatic.
^, 787. 100
852,193
2,341,307
8, 032, 391
260, 520
10, 029, 614
Sicilian.
1604, 145
11,860
62.620
680,241
14. 247
1,878,118
Total.
$17,500,185
811,GS4
4, 640. 5o5
20, 710, 6r>4
428.555
44,190,593
The total receipts of all the Italian railways from July 1, 1887, to June 30, 1888,
were $46,324,067.
The receipts per kilometer during the same period were for the four ohief companies :
Mediterranean Cooipany $5,043
Adriatic Company 4.085
Sicilian Company, 11,046
Sardinian Company .- 81f
The average receipts per kilometer for all Italian railwayS| ftom Jnly 1| 1887| to
June 30, IQtiS, were $3,9:25.
ETTBOPE — ITALY.
313
POSTS AKD TELBORAPH8.
Pofffo.— N6 afcatfstios in regard to the Italian post-office have been published since
the period covered in my last annual report, ana no statistics later than those can be
obtained.
Telegraphs.— The following statement shows the extent and condition of the Italian
telegraphs on June 30, 1886 :
LonKth of GoTerBment and mUway wlrea miles.. 70,590
I«eDKtbof Govenunent and railway lines do 20.2S0
Length of OoTernment submarine cables a. do — 115
Increase in length of wires from Jane 30, 1866, to JnneSO, 1S87 do.... 2,523
Increasein length of tines fh>m June 30, 1886, to June 30, 1887 do.,.. 1,372
If umber of Oovemment offloers on Jane 30, 1888 2. 160
Nnmberof Government employes on June 80. 1888 > 6,81-
Kumber of Oovemment semaphorio offices, Jane 80, 1888 3ft
Komber of Gorornment telosrauhic apparatus (liorse and Hughes) in GoTemmentoffloes June
80.1B88 rr. 8,435
•
Telegraphic Imeineee in Oavemment offloee.
Description.
TelmRamssent:
Prlrate:
Foreign
Domestic
Goremment
Telegrams receired from abroad
Telegrams in transit (international)
Total
1885-'80.
0.091,589
602,806
605, 744
700,060
179,283
8, on, 991
188e-'87.
6,848,034
652,410
516, 610
792,054
280,882
8,589,800
BeoeipU and expenees of Oovernment telegraph.
Beceipts :
From telegrams
From other sources
Total ,
Expenses;
Working expenses
Working of semaphores
▲11 other expenses
ToUl
18S5-'86.
12,474,600
110. 205
2,584,805
2,015,931
86,133
155, 619
2,207,683
;886-'87.
$2,617,237
107,980
2,725,217
2,161,896
84,566
141, 752
2,838,214
As will be seen by the preceding statement, the statistics as to telegraphs are not
as complete as conld be desired.
The increase in the number of telegrams sent and received in the year 18d6-'87, as
compared with the year 1885-^86, was 511,699. The excess of receipts oyer expenses
in 1885-'86 was |3?7,122, and in 188&-'87 waa 1387^003.
r
314
COBfMEECIAL RELATIONS.
AEirr.
On the doth of Jane, 1887, the otrength of the Italian army iraa as follows :
SerrlM.
Permanent wmjt
With the colon
On unlimited ftarloni^li
Sapemanierary officers awaiting orders.
Total
Mobile militi*
Territorial militia
Offioezs in auxiliary service and on reserre.
Total
Total on June 30, 1880.
Increase.
Officers.
13.660
4.230
17,708
2,014
5,890
0,136
32.237
31,103
1,044
Men.
230.882
040,082
871,404
205.074
1,403,000
2,670.228
2,404.080
105^648
TotaL
244,801
040.032
4.230
880,202
208. 5M
1,408,4^
0;i35
2.002.405
2,409^873
100^582
The permanent army is now armed with repeating riflesy and the mobile militia
will soon receive the same arm. Every year the influx of trained men into the terri-
torial army improves its eflSoienoy. The spirit and discipline of the whole army are
beyond praise, and the fact that Italy can place on the field nearly 1,000,000 of trained
men in the flrst line, and 300,000 in the second, besides 1,500,000 of more or less trained
men of the territorial army, makes good her claim to be classed as a sixth great power.
KAVY.
VweU in active $ervioe on January 1, 1888.
Class.
Fighting ships :
First cla4s
Seoond class :
Armored
Unarmored ...
Third class
Transport and supply
ships:
First class
. Second class
Third class
School Mhips
Tessels for local serrioe
Side-wheel lagoon bat-
teries
Torpedo dispatch ship.
Torpedo boats :
Bea-going
Coast defense :
First class ,
Second class...
Torpedo launches
Total
i
1
1
Material of huU.
H
i
1
%
1
»5
(
Quns.
Crow.
1
2
•a
i
1
2
Wood.
•
tn
a
•
i
&
28
'*68'
68
12
"i'
10
4
■
ti,
"S
13
N
73
20
14
4
10
8
10
20
10
H
101
20
72
00
81
8
12
30
20
i
8
1
0
1
• • • •
1
8
•
a
12
8
10
10
6
0
10
3
23
0
1
16
30
21
8
6
8
• • • *
0
1
6
6
«8,771
7,784
25,878
13.210
22.203
7.611
4.225
12.424
2,785
628
317
1,273
1,284
320
81
74,627
8,131
41,477
20,704
16,177
3,001
2,400
*3,74«
2,410
800
2,800
16,400
15,040
4,300
1,100
325
60
158
117
01
45
10
72
15
0
a
80
80
21
8
5,480
788
0
7
2
1
1
• • • •
4
8
2
■ « • *
4
2
11
• • • •
• • • *
• • ■ •
« • a *
• ■ * •
1
• • • •
2,4»
1.546
013
456
417
o:8
12
0
• « « •
• a • •
• • a •
• • • •
650
60
1
15
80
21
7
7
49
225
360
180
8
84
• « • •
T
72
02
'T
m"
100
176
48
188,001
207,220
367
000
14,470
* Kot Inclading the engine of the TsiMfia, which is not yet on board the vesseL
EUROPE — ITALY.
815
Offioen and mmi in the liaUan ncny on December 31, 1887.
I>eaeriptioii.
Officers;
On daty ...
Awaiting orders or on suxiliary aervioe
Naval reserve
Total
iien;
On duty..
On leave
Total ...
VftTsl reserve
Grand total
Total Deeember 81, 1886.
Increase
Officers.
1,105
09
351
1,525
1,526
1,066
400
Men.
11,682
23,775
35, 457
10, 324
45, 781
40,884
4,887
TotaL
1,105
60
351
1, 525
11,682
23, 775
35,457
10.324
47,306
41,949
6^387
VeueU of ike Italian navy launched and fitted out in 1887.
Kame.
Bngglero di Laaria.
Btna
Dosali
Goito
Sallta
Galileo
▲rchemedi
Volturm
America
Garigliano
CittikdiKilano
Mlseno
Palinnro
Tanaro
Sebeto
Tng:
Ko.5
No. 6
No. 7
No. 8
Sea-Koing torpedo boat:
No. 76
No. 77
Coast torpedo boat first
class;
No.81
Class.
First class armored bat<
tie ebip.
Torpedo Kam.
)rped(
Torpedo cruiser
Torpedo dispatch boat
Ditpatchboat
Battery.. '"m..' J
Transport
...do
do
Steam galley
...do
Steam* water boat
...do
No. 82 <
ng torpedo boat:
0.99.
Se«-
No.100
No. 101
No. 102
No. 103
No. 104
No.106
No. 106
No. 107
No. 108
White torpedo boat: III
White toipedo hoat:IV
Tng
...do...
do ...
ScMoisi
g torpedo boat
Coast torpedo boat,
first class
...do
going
torpedo boat
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
..do.
..do.
..do.
..do.
..do.
Where built
Naples
...do
England
CasteUamare
....do ........
Yenfce
...do
do
England
....So
.. do
Castellamare
.. do
Genoa
....do
.do
.do
do
.do
Germany
...do....
Genoa
...do.
Germany.
...do....
...do....
...do....
....do....
....do....
...do....
...do....
...do....
....do....
Scotland
do ....
When launched or
bought.
AprU
July
May
..do
March
December
January . .
October ..
September.
May
do
September.
October ...
November.
December .
May.
April
September.
March ....
June
....do
July
....do
August....
... do
— do
September.
July
....do
When ready
for service.
October.
May.
May.
October.
316
COBIMERCIAL RELATIONS.
ARMOBBD SHIPS.
Of i\t gresi ItaUan armored hatiUBhipif the following are now readjffor Mrvlot.
Name.
ToanAce.
HoffMpowsr.
BpOOtt*
Lepunto
lUiia ft
Dulllo
DanUolo
12,660
18,380
11.007
11,808
18,000
18,000
7,711
7,710
Knot9.
17.8
17.8
15.4
15.0
The Ruggiero di Lauriaf of the sameolaas as the Duilio, will be ready for sea within
188d. The Moroeini and the Dona^ of the same olass, will be ready for sea within
twelve months. The Ee Umberto (launched in October, 1888) will be ready in two
years. Two other ships, the Sidlia and the Sardegne^ all of the elass of the X^MMito,
are on the stocks.
TQRPSDO RAMS.
The class of yesoels called torpedo rams, which are partially armored, promii
prove very effective as cruisers. Of these the following are now in comnuasion :
to
^une.
Tonnage.
HMae power.
StDft
Bauaar . . .
Strorabole
VeflUTlc.
Dugali....
8,680
8,880
8,530
8,280
8,680
7,600
4,ff78
7,600
7,700
7,600
JEnolf.
17.0
17.4
17.0
17.0
10.}
The Fieramosca, another vessel of the same class of the Dogalif w^ launched (in Eng-
land) iu September, 1888, and is guarantied a speed of 21 knots by Messrs. Armatroog
& Co.,' her builders. She will be added to the active list of the Italian navy within a
year.
Another very efficient class of cruising ships are those of the OoUo class. The
following are now in commission :
Kame.
Golto..
Tripoli.
Tonnage.
741
800
Horae-power.
4,200
2; 650
Speed.
Knott.
18
10.2
The Folgore and the Salta have the respective velocities of 20 knots each.
ETTBOFE — TTALT.
817
THX WHOLB NAVT.
The Italian navy, formidable as it now is for the speed, armament, and armor of its
fleet will not be completed, aocordio^ to the present schome, for nearly foar years.
At the expiration of that time it will mclade the following vessels :
Total Usi of Italian naval vessoU.
diss.
Figbtixig ships :
Piratolaisa
Seoond cIsm:
Armored
Unarmored
Third class
Transport and snpply ships:
Firstclass
Seoond elasa
Third class
School ships
Veosels for laodsorrlca
Bide-whoel laffooo batteries..
Torpedo dispatch-boats
Torpedo-boats:
Sea-Roing
Ckiaat:
Fii^t class
Seoond class
Torpedo launohea
Total
I
18
3
13
23
5
8
11
8
24
A
• 2
47
38
21
8
228
Material of hull.
6
3
1
5
5
13
8
44
I
8
0
14
2
1
2
2
A7
38
21
144
I
1
I
Of wood.
a
H
4
8
2
4
2
11
8
84
3
Tonnage.
182,227
7,734
38,883
19,083
22,292
7,511
4,773
12,424
2,847
628
834
4,043
1,802
320
81
282,491
Horse-
power
indi-
cated.
160,127
3, ini
64,577
39.864
15,177
8,601
2,839
♦3, 743
2. 520
390
6,100
47.8.0
16, 8' 0
4. ; 0.)
J, 160
361. 629
*irot indnding the engine of the Ygnexia,
BOOKS AND PERIODICALS.
The nnmber and class of books and periodicals published in Italy in 1887 were as
follows :
Class.
Bibliography
PSnoyelopedias
Philoeophy, theology, and religion
Ednoation
History and geography
Contemporary biography
Philology and history of literature
Poetry i
Romances and noTels
Dramatic works
Jorispradenoe
PolituM and social science ..^
Kamber.
97
124
1.036
606
639
862
392
336
218
896
449
Class.
Physical science
Medicine
Knffineering
Mintary and naval
Fine arte
Agiicaltare, industry, and commerce
Laws. Htatutes, etc
Miscellaneous ,
Statistics
New periodicals
Total
Nnmber.
379
670
236
185
200
1,168
704
1,430
1,443
197
11, 161
This shows a slight increase as compared with the publications of 1886. It is note*
worthy that 197 new periodicals were published in 1887, and*ouly 2i in 1886.
318
COMMEBCIAL RELATION&
COINAGB.
Moneif coined hy theltalitm Oiwenmentin 1887 o(mpared with 1886.
TCM-
1886.
1887.
Gold.
$227,776
BlWer.
02,006,776
6,041,797
BroDse.
fit, 800
Total
«2. 263. 846
6^041,797
No gold or bronse money was coined in 1887.
KAYIGATION.
The entrances and clearances at, Italian ports in 1886 and 1887 were as follows :
ClMBifloation.
Entared.
Cleared.
1886.
1887.
1880.
1887.
UTKBICATIONAL
COMMBBCB.
Sailing TMaelfl :
Italian
JTo.
8,841
2,150
983
1,504
TofM.
607,337
346,618
709,666
4,263,146
yo.
8^816
2,168
1.201
5,883
~ IVmm.
623,668
318, 610
087,864
6,053,222
No.
m
8,036
2.180
064
4,642
Tont.
717.681
841,851
761.508
4,238,305
Xo,
8,966
2,100
1,171
6.186
Ana.
707.031)
Foreign
Steamers :
Italian
325.483
860^ 5S4
Foreign
4. f 43. 136
Total:
Italian
0.824
6,7U
1,497,003
4,609,764
10. 016
7.536
1,680,027
6,871,732
0,000
6,822
1,482,180
4,650.156
10,137
7,204
L 573. 509
Foreign
&.]68.»9
Total
16,068
6, 106, 767
17,552
7,062,650
15,822
6,132,345
17,431
6,742.191
COABTtXO TBADK.
Sailing veaaela:
Italian
Foreign
Steamers:
Italian
70,981
852
17, 917
8,254
2,361,282
80,457
7,135,867
2,074.050
70,607
890
19,603
2,009
2; 415, 027
71,651
7, 080, 636
2.782.429
71,168
218
17,817
8,101
2,314,180
47,466
7, 070, 768
2,852,802
70.286
845
10,445
8.060
2,302,B1
63,627
8.063,7(1
Foreign..
.2^064.799
Total:
Italian
88,898
3, 606
0,407,090
3, 057, 407
90.190
3,299
10.404,563
2, 854, 080
86,075
3,404
0.808,957
2,900,267
89,731
3,405
10.456,099
Foreign
3,028.420
Total
02,504
12,554,506
93,399
13, 258, 643
92,370
12,294,224
93,136
13,486,113
Year.
Total entries and clearances in 1880
Tofal entries and clearanoea in 1887
Difference
Kombor.
216,778
221,518
-K746
Tonnage.
87,087,842
40,588.601
+S,460;76S
Although there was thus a substantial increasei in 1887, there was a deorease in the
number and tonnage of foreign steamers engaged in the Italian coasting trade aod
entered at Italian ports iu that year. This was due to the fact that the termination
of the commercial treaty between France and Italy debarred French Teasels from the
Italian coasting trade.
I
ETTBOPE — ITALY.
319
EnirieB and oZdaranoM at all Italian porta of ve$$d$ engaged neiuHveljf in deep'iea
fUheriei in 1886 and 1887.
1886
1887
Difforenoe
Tonnage.
20,607
22,183
+1,526
Entriesy dearanceSf and tonnage of vessels vnder foreign flags during the years 1886
and 1887.
FUg.
Bngliafa
French
German
Anstraliiui
Greek
American
All otbet foreign flags.
Total
DifTerenoe in 1887.
1888.
^0.
0,870
3,768
1,160
1,800
2,035
23
2,411
20,^6
Tons.
9.415,608
2,770,230
071.926
878,212
865,878
10. 712
1, 801, 526
15,217,594
1887,
No.
11, 115
2,310
1,060
8,186
1,208
55
2,610
21,534
+058
Tons.
11,202,360
1, 300, 875
1,028,100
1,013.767
341,070
16,443
1, 420, 690
16,422,831
+1,205,237
The increase shown in the foregoing table is nol very large, still it is an increase,
whereas in 1886 as compared with the preceding year there had been a decrease of
2y067 in the number of vessels and 397,177 in the nam her of tons.
Nuniber and tonnage of American vessels entering and dediinng at ike six prinoipal Italian
ports in 1S86 and 1887.
PortB.
1886.
1887.
Arrivals.
Departures.
Arriyals.
Departures.
Calama .................. ..«....^'..........
.^0.,
Tons.
No.
Tons.
^0.
Tons.
No.
Tont.
Genoa .....................................
1
1
1
1
1,040
350
562
465
1
1
I
1
1,040
350
562
465
Mefl4ina r...«......r.««..i-T *...«r-r-r-
Piilermo ................................
Bavona ....................................
1
320
Haolee
1
443
1
Total
4
8,317
4
8,817
1
448
1
820
.*
Tho Italian official statistics show, as in the foregoing statement, the departure
in 1887 of one American vessel from Savona. It does not appear (from the same
statistics) when the vessel arrived at Savona. Certainly it was not either in 1887 or
1886.
820
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Flag$ under which trade with the United Statee and Canada were carried en in 1887.
ArriTala.
Departiurea.
Hugs.
No.
Tonnage.
Tona of
oargo.
Ko.
90
4
5
Tonnage.
Tona of
cargo.
Italian
188
116,721
114.661
67.761
3,926
3,931
47.562
6,951
4,159
Amerioan
AuRtriaa
Greek
7
1
4,270
492
4,755
600
French
6
11
219
6
e^8M.
8.536
267,584
4,509
2,872
4,049
201. 275
1.550
German
EiiKlisb
6
113
20
5,190
112. 119
16,346
1,827
06^779
11,605
All other flaca
Total ^
885
266,188
199.617
840
352.060
268,418
In ballast:
Italinn
1
473
26
2
2
8
2
21
5
14,304
926
906
4,556
1.859
24,121
8,355
Aniitrian
Greek
French !...!.
German
6
7
8,784
8,407
Knjglish
14
12,664
60
49.926
299
267.852
199.617
400
451,986
268,416
The number of tons of freight entered and cleared at Italian ports in 1886 by vessels
trading with the United States and Canada were : Tons of fireight entered, 216,249;
docrcjwe in 1887, 16,^32 ; tons of freight cleared, 378,634 ; decrease in 1887, 110,216.
In 1886 as compared with 1886 there had been a decrease of 1,916 tons in the qnan-
tity oi freight entered, and an increase of 73,043 tons in the quantity of freight
cleared.
MERCANTILE MARINE.
Numbery tonnage, and value of merchant veesels launched In Italy in 1886 afi<I 1887.
Year.
Ship,
yard.
Yeaaala.
Tonnage.
Valneofhnll
inoIodinK
machinery of
ateamer.
Averajse
Yaloe.
1886
43
88
198
167
13,020
6,663
$337,192.00
853,89L67
$1,747.22
2,116.06
1887
Difference
-*
—26
—6,357
16,199.67
—.368.83
•
Of the vessels launched in 1887, 11 were steamers (of which 10 were tugs) of a total
tonnage of 393 tons. No vessel larger than 500 t-ons was launched in 1887. The boun-
ties offered to Italian ship-builders have not so far built up the merchant marine.
dumber and tonnage o/ sailing vesseU belonging to Ihe Italian mercantile marine in 1887.
Size.
I to 10 tons....
II to 30 tons...
81 to 50 tona...
51 to 100 t«ns . .
101 to 200 tons.
201 to 800 tons.
801 to 400 tons.
401 to 500 tODS.
501 to 600 tons.
601 to 700 tons.
Yessels.
Tonnage.
2,217
14,165
1,001
29,212
809
32,636
648
48,239
49, 421
348
191
47,611
185
65,336
259
116. 659
175
05,883
98
63,106
Sixe.
701 to 800 tons..
801 to 900 tons..
901 to 1000 tons.
1001 to 1600 tona
Total
Total in 1886...,
Difference
YesselsL
84
64
81
27
6,727
6,992
—266
Tonnage.
63,141
46,270
29,443
31.373
782,494
801,349
-68»855
The decrease in the number and tonnage of sailing vessels, as compared with 1885,
was 119, and 27,470 tons. The decrease in the last year has therefore been very much
larger.
EUBOPE — ITALY.
321
Number and tonnage of $teamer8 belonging to the Italian mercantile marine in 1887.
Size.
1 to 50 tons
51 to 100 ton)}...
lUl to200 tone..
201 to 400 tob«..
401 to 600 tons. .
601 to 800 tons..
eOl to 1,000 tons
VfMsels.
Tonnage.
64
1,270
14
1.082
17
2,232
38
10,890
22
11,124
20
14, 101
13
11,401
Size.
1,001 to 1.500 tons.
AboTO 1,500 tons <
Total
Total in 1886
Diflferenoe...
Vessels.
33
33
254
237
+17
Tonnago.
40, 789
70, 092
153, 1 HI
144,323
+li?,803
Wbile there lias thus been a respectable increase in the tonnage of the Italian
Btenni mercantile lleet in 1887, it has not beeu sufficient to compensate for the de-
crease in tonnage of the sailing fleet.
dumber and tonnage of Italian sailing vesselsin 1887 compared ufith the four preceding bi-
ennial periods.
Tons.
I to lOfona
II to 30 tons
31 to 50 Ions
51 tolOOtonn
101 to 200 tons ....
201 to 300 tons
301 to 400 tons
401 to 600 tons
501 to 600 tons
601 to 700 tuns
701 to 800 tons
801 to 000 tons
901 to 1.000 tons . .
1,001 and upward .
Total
1887.
1886.
188a.
188L
No.
Tmm.
No,
Tom,
No.
Tom,
No,
Ton*,
2,217
14,165
2.328
14,465
2,302
13.748
2,434
14,068
1,601
20,212
1.648
28,274
1,785
29. 979
1,913
32,159
809
32,636
816
32, 616
792
81,512
789
31,415
648
48,239
670
50.305
«-H
49.194
605
60,764
348
49.421
?59
51,679
344
49,794
361
62, .523
191
47,611
210
53,495
216
54, 870
236
60,054
185
66,336
210
76,626
2:i8
84,268
263
02,078
250
116,659
317
146, 037
348
159,919
366
167,047
175
95,883
205
114,121
224
124, 400
' 233
120,330
98
63,105
119
7r,034
125
78,956
135
85,293
84
63, 141
100
73.243
98
71, 778
101
74,170
54
46,270
60
51. 629
66
56,749
61
62, 830
31
29,443
34
33.036
35
83,980
85
34,111
27
81,373
25
28,259
24
26, 725
17
18,190
6.727
732,494
7,111
82a 819
7,270
865,881
7,630
886,350
1870.
No.
2,488
1,080
, 815
738
368
240
273
372
251
152
108
65
33
20
7,010
Tons.
12, 015
32,163
30,027
50,480
51,324
61, 085
09, 751
169, 1(10
ill37.229
07.810
81,238
55,327
31, 253
21.796
933,306
Number and tonnage of Italian steamers in 1687 compared with the four preceding biennial
periods.
Tons.
1887.
1885.
1883.
1881.
1870.
1 to 50 tons
51 to 100 tons
101 to 2(K) tons
201 to 400 tons
401 to 606 tons ....
601 to 800 tons
fiOl to 1,000 tons...
l.(K)l to 1,500 tons..
1,500 and upward ..
No.
64
14
17
38
22
20
13
83
33
Tom,
1,270
1,082
2, 232
10, 890
11,121
14, 191
11.461
40, 789
70, 002
No.
61
16
18
34
15
10
13
28
21
Tom.
1,170
1.208
2,345
9,716
7,594
13,348
11,420
34,237
43,508
No.
63
18
15
30
12
10
14
23
17
Tom,
1,071
1,292
1,998
8,870
6.127
13,348
12,411
27.217
85,118
No.
42
16
13
21
18
16
15
29
8
Tom.
004
1,052
1,754
6.400
8.524
10,557
13, 4U
34.568
16,306
No.
34
16
13
22
16
0
13
25
8
Tom.
693
1,126
1,698
6,791
7,582
6,217
11, 699
29.820
7,071
Total
264 1 163, 131
1
226
124, 600
201
107, 452
176
03,698 151
T2, 666
It 19 noticeable that in the last biennial period, daring which the policy of paying
bounties to ship-bnilders has beeu followed, the increase in the number of Italian
0 (earners has been less than iu the preceding biennial period*
iwn 0 » — u
322
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Number of men employed in ike Italian mercanHU marine in 1887.
Oooupation.
Hftstcn
Mates •
ruraenuidolorlH ...
Dt*ep-8eii flshernien...
Able seamen and boys
Eugineeni
Firemen
Ordinary seamen
KMval en}n»<>«rs
Nayal oontractors
Number.
8,8S8
8,874
601
6,957
90,488
562
4,460
7.600
80
841
Ooenpation.
Carpenters, eto
Workmen on Uon-ahip-bnildtng
Coast fishermen
Boatmen
PUoto
Total ,
Total in 1886
Diiferenoe ,
Number.
18,681
8.9S0
48,786
12,604
277
196,117
189.021
4A1W
The men of the mercantile mariue are alfio enrolled on the naval reserve, and form
splendid body of seamen.
Wreoki in Italian watere i« 1887.
Kind.
Italian vessels wrecked
Foreign vessels wreoked a
Total...?
Total wrecks of Italian vessels in Italian and foreign waters
Total wrecks of Italian vessels in 1686
I^erenoe^
Nnmber.
107
IS
119
210
132
-f-78
Tons.
11.
4,42!
15^616
68,465
86,537
81,928
There were 557 desertions from Italian vessels iu 1887, being 24 less than in 1886.
One hundred and eighty-one of these took place iu the United States.
SHIPPING B0UNTIK6.
The law of Deoember, 1885, the provisions of which were set forth in the two last
auuual reports from this office, has uow been in operation for nearly two yean. The
following statement shows the bounties paid for ship building in 1687 :
Vessels bnilt.
Sailing vessels :
Wood
Iron
Steamers of iron or steel.
Tugs
ISngines and boilers
Total
No.
166
1
8
6
28
Amoant
paid.
!
$16, 191
' 1,968
8,975
81,184
Bonntiee paid for repairs to veeeele, machinery ^ and boilers in 1887.
For what paid.
Uepairs to—
Tessels..
Engines.
Boilers..
Total..
Amount
paid.
•81,680
3,842
9.061
84,783
EUBOPE — ITALY.
323
BotmHespaid to veiHia bringing coal into Italy in 1887.
Class.
Sailiog vessels
Steamers
Total....
Beoeived
bounty.
107
11
118
Tons
brbugbt.
06, 145, 720
78. 143, 080
173. 268^800
Amomit
paid.
] 133.
414
33,444
Number and okaraoter of voyages made by Italian steamers in 1887, far which bounties were
paid.
Voyages.
From—
Bai
"2?.::::::::::::::::;:
Do...-.;
Do
United Stotf'S
South America, Atlantic
South America, Pacific.
Asia
To—
M>....do
Total.
Palermo
Naples..
Catania.
Messina
London.
Total.
New York...
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
New Orleans.
Total
Grand Total.
United States
South America, Atlantic.
South America, Pacific . .
Asia
Europe
...do
...do
New York.
...do
...do
...do
...do
Naples
PRlenno ..
Genoa....
Leghorn . .
MarsefUos
London —
Gre^oa ....
No.
24
51
4
4
25
47
4
3
162
9
8
1
1
6
24
7
2
8
2
1
4
1
25
211
Freight
38,796
60,565
5,949
2,869
64.489
50,530
7,129
12, 195
242, 532
1,340
13,634
982
1.600
9,150
38,796
15,600
3,206
16.181
4,540
2,700
20,09e
1,200
64,499
Passen
gers.
8,255
45,228
2.292
981
1,381
13.603
394
117
67,341
389
2,735
36
65
80
8^^255
331
277
660
67
12
1.881
845, 827 71, 977
Miles
nin.
01,657
312, 057
37,820
28,403
100,504
289.450
28,063
13,395
901,358
34,253
32,390
4,303
4,221
16,490
91,657
39.204
8,228
82,804
8,110
4.038
13,102
5,428
100.501
1,003,^19
Bounty
paid.
$22,140
75,096
8,414
6.964
23,780
69, 528
6,498
4,480
216,909
6,569
7,161
608
746
6,065
22,139
€,920
1.892
6,859
1,426
742
6,572
876
23,787
262,835
There were also paid as bounties for voyages in 1887 to sailing vessels $464,595.
The aggregate numuer of vessels receiving this bounty was 442 ; the number of miles
ran by them was 5,466,108, iu 945 vo^'ages; and the tons of freight transported hy
them was 730,944,
324
COIIMERCUL RELATIONS.
IJfPOBTS AND KXF0RT8.
Commerce of Italy with other natione in 1887 and 1886.
▲rticlM.
Spirite, winos, anil oils
(frooerieii, spices, and tobaoco
Chemicals, arags. resins, and perfumery
Dyes, dve'StooH, and articles for tanniuK....
Hemp, Aas, Juto, etc
Cotton ;
Wuoland hair
Silk
Wood and stcaw
Books and paper
Skins, hides, and furs
Minerals and metals
Stone, earths, pottery, and glsas
Coreals, flour, and Te^etable products..
Animals, and animal products
Miscellaneous
ToUl
Imports.
1880.
19.864,931
14,753,749
7,254,859
4,417,236
8,498,391
29, 178, 427
20,6*28,559
23,991,389
16, 348, 219
3, 186, 794
10,653.432
42,677,393
19. 869, 6S7
51, 182, 392
21, 800, 800
9,858,736
291, 614, 294
1887.
$8,571,770
20,947,853
8,92:r,307
4,025.020
8; 34], 772
34.050,627
21,426,667
.23,181, 396
19, 549, 483
4,777,803
8. 521, 733
67,867,956
23,557.666
51, 428, 527
20,865,774
10, 665. 139
827,102.383
Exports.
1886.
133,875,268
1,236.709
7,268.335
2. 126, 179
7.616.075
4,384,490
2.483,779
65,621,133
10,486,584
1,366,099
8, 384, 183
14.204,246
11, 128. 315
18, 867. 490
22,090,672
2, 162, 076
207,687,033
1887.
188,409.660
1, 168^ 546
8,162.405
2,022.S!5
7.678,625
3, S17, 677
1,750,811
.'0,926,318
8,745,060
1,652,866
3,785.439
24, 719, 458
9.72H,649
SI, 396. 500
19,285,927
l«9f»,656
214, 111, 192
As 18 seen from the foregoing table, the imports in 18S7 wefi^ |:^, 488,089 more thao
the impi rts iu 18.^6, and u^e exports in ltiS7 \rere $6,423,^9 more than in 1885.
The following statement shows the categories in which these differences occarred:
Articles.
Whie, spirits, and oils
Groceries, spices, and tobacco
Chemicals, arnt^s, resins, and perfamery . .
Dyes, dve-stnffs, and articles for tanning . ,
Hemp, naz, jute, etc
Cotton
Wool and hair <
Silk
Wood and straw
Books and paper
Skins, hides, and fnrs
Minentls and metals ,
Stone, earths, pottery, and glass ,
Cereals, flour, and vegetable products
Ani muls, and animal produoto
Miscellaneous
Total
Imports.
Increase in
1887.
$6, 194, 104
1,668.518
107, 784
1, 843. 381
4, 872, 100
798,098
8,201.264
1,591,009
16. 190, 563
8, 687, 979
246,135
706,403
40, 107, 468
Decrease in
1887.
$1,283,101
760,993
2,131,609
434,636
4, 619. 379
Exports.
Increase in
1887.
06.034,391
""909,076
""'163,' 556'
184,707
401.266
10, 515. 212
2.629.010
19.737,257
Decrease in
1887.
068.163
103,' 584
566, «13
732. M8
5,004,815
1.741.524
1.390,666
2,804.745
201,420
13.313,098
The large decrease in the export of silk, as shown in the foregoing statement, was
due to the tariff war with France. To a large extent the decrease in other articles of
export was dne to tbe same cause.
Withont doubt very large importations were made in 1887, before the final expira-
tion of the treaty with France, with a view to that event. This, however, does not
alone explain the increase of imports in 1887, since there was an increase in mauy
i^rticles which are not imported from Franoet
H
EUROPE — ITALY.
325
Commerce of Italy with other nations in 1886 and 1887.
Conn tries.
AiiittTla
ISeljriom
France
Germany
Great Britain
Greece and Malta
Holland
Roaafa. ,
Spain, Gibraltar, and Portugal . .
Sweden, Norway, and Denmark .
Switzerland
Bnropean Turkey ,
Asiatic Turkey
BritUb India ,
Cbina and Japan
Tania and TripoU '.'.'.IV.'.V/.y.'..
Algiers ,
Other African conntrI<»8
United States and €anada
States of La Plata
Pent and Cbili
Other American countries . •
Australia ,
Total
Imports.
1886.
#43.
5.
66,
24,
63.
1.
1,
18.
1,
1.
18,
8,
1.
1»,
2,
2,
10,
4,
346,642
534,854
805,023
960.111
086. 194
416,620
baa, 947
J»7, 751
6J0,8i9
368.766
306.436
940, 146
731. 789
209,483
36.091
084, 207
713.966
769, 401
152. 084
662,478
048 368
41,495
861,634
1887.
$48,409,032
7.311.226
78,097,064
31,994.768
59 162.027
1,842.859
^,302,683
23. 614, 846
2.861.418
1, 415, 462
13, 434, 923
9,970.766
1, 565, 001
21. 630. 282
1, 360, 843
2. 452. 258
1.588,390
422, 670
95.921
12, 400. 250
2,727,283
[ 2. 071, 276
Exports.
291,614,315
*326, 120,748
1886.
{
$19. 368, 708
2.983,780
91, 955. 236
20,868,282
13.741,086
2,627,309
1, 810, 516
8, 405. 809
2, 679. 638
564, 525
17, 310, 556
2, 576. 743
605,274
8,671,439
23.546
4,084.845
1,497,873
314, Oil
240.092
10,084,448
6, 613. 791
615,284
1, 128, 867
29,143
207,687,686
1887,
}
618, 399. 076
3, 626. 850
95,604,945
22, 240,365
15.230,402
^,190,726
1, 579, 126
2. 661, 470
2.213,432
554,488
10, 399, 781
2,087,295
339.873
2,720,406
34, 705
1, 766i 143
1.143.911
408,195
474, 562
6,910,9U
6. 835, 095
7, 259, 116
69,058
^214, 074. 451
*The discrepancy between these figures and those in a fore^oinz table, under imports and exports
exists in the original figures, both of which are taken from official sources.
■
Imports from the United States and Canada for five years ending December 31, 1887.
Articles.
Spirits, wines, and oil
Groceriea, spices, and tobacco
Chemicals, drags, reftiun. and perfumpry .
DyoM, dye-stufls, and articles for tanning
Hemp, flax, J uto, etc
Cotton
Wool and hair
Silk
Wood and Straw
Books and paper.
Skins, hides, ami furs
Minerals and metals
Stone, earth, pottery, and glsss
Cereals, flour, and vegetable products. . .
A nimals, and animal products
Ifisoelianeous
Total.
1883.
1884.
1885.
1886.
$4, 044, 701
#3, 826, 611
^, 907, 478
$2. 538, 560
1. 771. 354
2, 229, 729 ■
3. 66H, 930
1, 332. 472
1,113,417
I, 573, 722
1,022,128
1,150,544
115,221
93, 026
83.376
84.148
1,544
4,246
9,843
0,670
2,250,766
1, 980. 373
3, 118. 880
2,661.400
637, 812
363,803
352.032
502,186
886
94. 570
128, 731
270,070
406,844
1.544
6,619
11,066
4,825
652, 340
540,693
446,023
622.288
237, 668
94,184
132, 012
00.507
35, 126
199, 178
54,426
33,106
83,762
303.203
520.714
003, 371
882.486
230.899
334,276
302,421
8,402
20,262
83,776
20,051
11.800,303
11.604 109
13,086,838
10,662.478
1887.
$2,404,687
3. 672. 983
1.648,606
60,216
6.246
2,862,646
186. 814
2.509
152. 470
6,790
121.976
9->,347
27. 985
973. 685
128, 721
56,509
12.404,130
326
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
EtpwU to the UiUted 8tate» and Canada for ike floe yoaro ending Deeemher 31, 1887.
Artidat.
WinM, splrita, And oil
OrooerieB, apices, and tobacco
Chemicals, drues, and perfuinery
Dyes, dve-stuffs and articles for' tanning
] Temp, flax, Jate, etc
Cotton
Wool and hair
Silk
Wood and straw
Booksand psper •.
Skins, hides, and fors
Minerals, andinitnls
Stone, earths, pott<'ry, and ; lass
Cereals, floor, and vef^etahle pnMlucts. .
Animals, and animal products
lliscellaneous
Total
im
1884.
»».
1888.
0028.488
$684,764
$640,082
81. 055^ 803
870,046
805,133
88,587 i
420,425
1,064.588
030.331
1,880,703
1, 314. 830
506,625
410, 003
887.030
454,708
HI, on
74. 305
85,885
4 ,443
81. 073
4',723
158,452
132.601
26,441
61.953
45.355
82,810
18,528
20,261
76.235
71.410
246.654
08, OU
841,067
26,827
222,336
136,851
77.586
20,851
66. 584
07,070
1,644
80.6 4
226. 008
12,545
283, 181
870.848
8,318.636
2, 004, 843
2,824,402
2,207,858
4, 03ci, 686
4.682,300
2,850,417
8,555,832
17i», 297
105, 316
160.082
114,062
33. 307
58,007
88,780
77.072
11,880,240
10, 630, 147
8,007,168
10.064,443
1887.
$1,680,021
478, 121
1,076,330
258,234
01,061
111, 510
88,073
34,254
268.077
24,740
83.68S
11,718
742. BS7
838.678
220,599
68,110
6^ 00?, 014
The speoiflo articles Imported from and exported to the United States and CaQada
in 18^^ were as follows:
Imports into Italy from the United States and Candida in 1887.
Articles.
Spirits, pare, in wood .galls
Spirits, sweetened, in wood,
fl^allons
Cotton •seed oil lbs . .
Hravy oils do...
Fixed oils do...
Mineral oils, refined . do. . .
Coffee do...
Suf^r. second class . . do . . .
Sift'eetmeats and preserves,
poonds
Cocoa:
Unprepared lbs. .
Preparod do...
Cinnamon do...
Cloves do...
Pepper and pimento. . do . . .
Tobacco, in leaf do...
Cigars und cigarettes . do . . .
Amroonia, potash. etcdo...
Caostic soda, crude. . do. . .
Cartridges, empty do . . .
Medicines :
Crude do...
Mannfaotnred . . . . do . . .
Gums and resins:.... lbs..
Dyes uid dye-stuffs, not
prepared lbs...
Gambia do...
Coloring extracts . . . .do . . .
Vegetable fibers, emdo,
pounds
Cordage and cables. ..lbs.
Threads of flax :
Untwisted, bleached,
pounds
Twisted and dyed lbs..
Cotton:
Raw do...
textures :
Unbleached . .lbs . .
Bleached ... do...
Printed do ..
Waxed (oil cloths),
pounds
Hade-np articles of cotton,
W wands
ool,rav lbs..
Quantity.
4,865
01.544
024
1, 303. 086
l,5k:9,770
675,045
135, 770, 070
1,776 245
4,580,633
065
70,823
20,072
44,300
2, 258, 203
311,116
146,452
12,785
1,030
33,500
1,323
2,204
3.306
234, 786
30, 301, 512
800
5,511
6,803
1,548
5,700
103
886
772
38,086
3, 165, 072
386
103
103
386
6.612
7.036
0, 385, 403
1,158
3,474
1, 643, 202
1, 620, 380
13,444
827, 162
31,266
386
28,564
55.006
13, 006
1.544
1,351
8,086
661
065
886
28,300,614
2, 858, 880
2,865
8.306
441
662
772
765
103
103
662
800,235
140
150,503
Articles.
Hair (not human) raw and
dyed lbs..
Mattresses do ..
Woolen textures . . . . do . . .
Made-op arUolea of wool,
pounds
Silk textures libs..
Made-up articles of aOk,
T>oundB
Wood for eabinet-makers,
WjMunds
ood, common ca. meters.
Staves and hoops.... lbs..
Casks (gallons of capacity)
Furniture of wood; not up-
hdstered lbs..
Furniture of wood, fine
quality Il^s..
Manufactures of wood:
Common lbs..
Fine do...
Carriages No..
Ree<1s, twigs, etc lbs . .
Small cordage do. . .
White paper do...
Prints and lithographs,
pounds
Books:
Stitched lbs..
liound in board. .do...
Bound in leather, etc.,
pounds
Hides, raw, not good for
furriers lbs..
Calf-skins do...
Goat and sheep skins. do. . .
Other skins do. . .
Morocco leather do. . .
Patent leather do . . .
Leather scraps do...
Iron, cast :
Manufactured in pigs,
pounds
manufactur'd in smooth
blocks lbs..
Iron:
Second manufkcture
pounds
QoanUty.
Value.
186.234
882
441
033.389
103
386
1,823
02
2.316
772
125
1.737
513, 010
14,426
21,163
108; 080
14,781
125,257
772
4,682
1,084
103
7,278
8,474
7,038
22r,80O
18.865
7.278
2646
386
1,080
386
103
886
103
1.543
1,830
2,886
1,084
1,851
065
2,425
1,351
'886.103
22,028
15^872
6^732
2,204
5.6U
28,456
103.834
8,360
1.080
772
1,030
8^786
386
12,885
188
47,104
2,816
88,184
2,885
EUROPE — ITALY.
327
ImpcrU info Italy firom the United Statee and Canada in 1B87— Continaed.
AHtolM.
Iron:
Second msniifaotare,
omamented . ..lbs..
Tin;
Kotmaanfaotured.
ponndfl
Haoofac tared .... lb«. .
Tools and utenails for arts
and trades Iba . .
Copper (in manulacturcs),
pounds...
Pistols and revoIyersNo..
Sieam-enjiines, stationary,
pounds r..
Su-am locomotiTes — Iba. .
^lachinery do...
<'locks No..
Clock cases lbs..
Clock works do...
Htonea, eartbs, etc. . .tons. .
Coal ....do...
Grain do...
Indian com do...
Other cereals do. . .
Qnantliy.
Yalua
11,684
1772
7,162
193
10,802
772
10, 141
772
2.646
570
500
065
12,566
1,168
65.606
5^083
548.724
54,108
112
- 570
1,763
3,860
4,620
15, 212
50
772
6,126
27,213
21,014
844.010
4,634
111,647
473
14^668
Articles.
Rice, hnlled do .,
Seeds lbs..
Vegetable prodnots (all
others) | lbs.,
Meat, cooked do. .
Gat,sslted do...
Flsb, dried or smoked . do . . .
Fish in brine do...
Cbeese do...
Grease do...
Bees'- wax, crude .... do. . .
Sponges, common do . . .
Horns, bones, etc., crude,
tons
Mnnure do...
Haberdashery :
Common lbs..
Fine do...
Instrnraents, optical, sorgi-
cal, etc iM..
Elasitio gum, in maoufac^
nre lbs..
Bats, if felt or thin mnte-
rial No..
Quantity.
13
6.898
>570
103
82.800
5,511
24, 030
801.061
4.860
8,086
982, bOO
22,046
1.984
579
772
8,088
46,800
386
386
60.216
5,211
772
880
105
8,878
2,123
23,589
1,102
14,475
1.541
26,234
38,086
1,763
1,158
400
886
Value.
Exportafrom Italy to the United Statee and Canada in 1887.
Articles.
Dye-stuiband materials:
For tanning (not
ground) lbs..
Gronnd do...
Hemp,raw do...
Hemp, (lax, etc., corded,
pounds
Cordage and cables. . . lbs. .
Nets do ..
Threads t^f flax, untwisted,
unbleached lbs..
Threads of hemp, untwist-
ed, unbleachea lbs . .
Textnnfs of lute:
Unbleacned do. .
Bleached do...
Dyed..... do..
Cotton, raw do..
Cotton textures :
Unbleached do...
Dyed do...
Printed do...
Buttons and trim-
mings lbs..
Lacea do ..
Made-up articles of lace.
iMundB
Wool:
Raw lbs..
Manufactured do . . .
Hair (not human) raw,
pounds
Mattresses. lbs..
Textures of wool :
Carded ...........do...
Combed do...
Knitted work do...
Blankets and carpets of
wool lbs..
Textures of wool, made up,
Eonds
raw lbs..
Textures ot silk do . . .
Silk textures, maae
up ..lbs..
Wine:
In wood galls..
InbotUes No..
Spirits, pure, in wood .galla.
Quantity.
Valno.
•
1,216.030
10, 730, 666
120, 591
023. 353
238, »<1
7,013
56,657
208. 51)2
14.326
6,176
32.607
3.088
2,204
570
119. 930
23,516
133,208
12,565
6bl
758, 705
13.114
4,632
386
76, 158
1,323
63.272
3,086
386
20.458
1,&U
3,086
450
1,351
772
29,540
11,J80
22,262
10,802
4.825
8,860
22.046
1,102
5,404
193
6,832
2,204
16,088
Wl.632
2,123
21, 037
441
193
26,676
2.865
683
■
46,706
14,282
5.983
1,151
14,080
3,160,820 1
355, OUO
10,302
602, 870
110, 853
8.281
Artidea.
Spirits ...do..
Spirits in, bottles No.
Ollre-oil lbs.
Essence of orange do. .
Other essences do..
Sweetmeats and preservos,
pounds
Mustard-seed lbs.
Drugs « do..
Boracicacid do..
Salts of quinine do. .
Common salt tonn.
Tartar lbs.
Matches, wax, etc do . .
Chemical products do. .
Kxplosivo materials ..do..
Cartridges, empty ... do..
Licorice root do. .
HerlM, flowers, leaves, etc.,
medicinal lbs.
Manna do..
Lemon and oranse
peel Ids.
Lemon juice do..
Juice of aloes, etc do. .
Medicinal :
Not otherwise
named lbs.
Manufactured do. . .
Gums and resins do..
Common soap do...
Perfumed soap do..
Wood, common cu.me.
Casks (gallons of capacity)
Furniture :
Common wood (not up*
bolstered) ....*. .lbs. .
Fine do..
Roots for brushes do . . .
Cork :
Crude do . .
Manufactured . . . .do. . .
Manufaicturoa of rough
wood lbs..
Boats, vessels, etc. tonnage.
Reeds, twigs, etc lbs..
ISasket- work, fine do . . .
SiiaW'braids do..,
Straw hata •■>■■■ •■•■■•No..
Quantity.
5.494
$5,597
33,300
14,761
5, 678. 828
621.460
127,615
167,514
8,222
14,475
2,699,078
414.564
647,036
25, 476
165,124
36, 091
424, 826
10,686
12, 048
72, 019
36,106
83. SCO
10, 378, 501
1, 499, 214
203, 70d
34, 705
560.620
39, 179
12, 124
5,211
8,376
2,123
287,250
5,018
367,944
32,221
14,304
8,667
8,876
193
604,060
47,671
26.234
2, 702
233.466
8,299
10.584
4,632
20,281
8,474
2, 085. 100
109, 614
1, 5«3
103
210
1,737
88,891
1,737
11,242
1.544
70,088
84,061
1,323
193
3,747
196
5,292
1,544
68,272
8,281
748
3,281
12,344
193
1,323
193
21,608
18,914
5U,100
197,243
Value.
828
COMMERCIAL REIiATIONS.
ErporUfrom Italy to the United Stattn and Canada m 1837— Continiied.
ArtioiM.
White p«pcr lbs
Triuu aud litho£^phB«
pouodt
liookn:
Unbound or stitched,
pounds
Bound on board. . .lbs.
Le.i titer orparchmont,
jiouuds .
Munic. lbs..
GoatHud sheepskins, .do. . .
Kkiu^. tanneu (all others),
pouiid-i .,
(> loves, leather pali-s..
ShoeH do. ..
ManutActm-es of tanned
htdefl (not otherwise men-
tioiii'd) lbs..
Iron, of second roannfsct*
ore lbs..
Tin, Tnanafs' tared ...do..
TtHdd HUtl utensils for the
arts, *;lc lbs..
Cop])er, in msnnfactores,
pounds
Txittd, in mannfactures,
piuinds
MiTcrry lbs..
Miichluery do...
Silverware do..
Marble:
niock tons ..
loHlabsof 10 centime-
ters or less lbs..
In slabs of more than
* 10 centimeters ..lbs..
Marlilo :
Statuary do...
Tiles do...
Other manufactured mar-
ble lbs..
Stone for building ...tons..
C<tlore<t eaiths lbs..
Otiicr Mtoues, earths, and
minerals tons..
Brick do...
Sulphur, crude and refined,
tons
Graphite lbs..
Mi\io\\ca ware:
Conimun do...
Fine. ......do. ..
Decorat-ed do...
Porceialu ware, decoTat«d,
puumls
Giusswork, docorate<l nnd
ground lbs. .
Quantity. Yaloe.
108,820
8.626
11,242
11«488
0,038
3,086
82,848
2.865
218,200
tMO
001
4,409
4.188
8,157
17,8:30
37, 918
0,034
16,971
13
8,882
23, 136. 174
374, 780
67, 240
663, SOS
3,467,834
HI
1. 001, 496
1,278
181
14,671
154,322
17, 101
25,703
15,428
2,046
7,036
114.668
4.430
8.800
5,607
4.24G
1,030
8,474
1.030
50,935
1,158
886
103
103
579
4.246
1,851
3,088
1.737
386
111,519
222, 742
2,805
17.756
4,438
151. 891
96-J
0,650
0,843
1,351
214,230
772
886
1,737
1,644
570
772
▲rticlea.
Olassware lbs.
Grain tons.
Vegetables, dried . . . .do. .
Smsll grain do..
Chestnuts do..
Rice, balled do..
Macaroni Iba.
Sea- biscuit do .
Oranges and lemons .do. .
Frei«h fhiit (others) . .do. .
Dates do..
Carots do..
Almonds:
Shelled .do..
TTusbelled do..
Filberts.. k do..
Figs, dried do..
Grapes, dried do..
Other drieiifVuits ...do..
Fruits and vegetables, pre*
pared lbs...
Mashrooms do..
All other seeds do..
Vegetables, fresh . . .do..
Other TOgetable prod-
ucts do..
Salted and smoked
meat Iba.
Fish:
Dried or smoked .do..
In brine.....*. ...do..
In boxes do..
Bntter do..
Cheese do..
White wax, mihufact-
nred lbs.
Glue ...do..
Hair:
Raw do..
MAnufactnred do. .
Coral, man ufactured . do . .
Haberdashery :
Common ........ .do..
Fihe do..
Portable organs No .
Other musical instru:
ments No.
Instruments, optical,
mathematical, etc.. lbs.
Hats, of felt and other ma-
terisl No.
A rtificial flowers lbs .
Silk umbrellas No.
Other umbrellas do..
Quantity.
i.860
$386
11
380
1,045
80.872
281
8.685
220
7.720
1,100
72.182
106.768
8^106
43.040
1.5U
04,878.085
648,471
6,303
103
13,006
1,351
17,036
1
101
128.000
16, 147
6,202
193
1.684.618
67.161
166,068
3.809
120. 410
5,018
64,012
1.030
230,640
21.087
83.790
11.773
682.190
15.406
105, 875
2.702
601.764
3.080
84.214
16,964
10.361
579
12,565
065
74,206
10.443
44,542
0,264
804,203
128.538
2,865
068
8,086
103
1.347
7,141
8.037
39.7S8
364
6.790
23,580
U.SSS
5,202
8.281
6
183
810
1886
882
1.351
31,400
24.818
420
6.579
1,400
1.737
800
386
Value.
CHOLERA.
Tho cholera epldemie in Italy has totally oeaoed. With the poooible exceptloD of
oponulic cased, there has been no case of cholera in Italy since December 20, 18d7.
In Iticj? there were 12,537 cases and 6,842 deaths, distribated as follows:
i
EUROPE — ITALY.
329
Cholera in Italy in 1887,
FroTioceB.
Aquila
Ari>2ito
AvelHno....
Bari
BeDercnito..
Ciieliari
CaltaniAetta
(yRropobasao
Caserta..,..
Catania
Cbieti
Cosensa
Foggia
Genoa
Ge risen ti....
Lecce
Mea«ina ....
XapUa
No. of
ooin-
Ko.of
Ko.of
munes
af-
oases.
deaths.'
fected.
9
34
18
1
8
4
18
245
116
4
25
23
11
119
04
2
7
6
8
147
88
5
32
IC
62
999
486
34
8,317
1,984
2
11
5
1
1
0
324
i43
2
7
1
5
203
126
1
41
5
2,330
J
60
1,043
1,109
Provlxioes.
Pslermo
Perugia
Potensa
Kavenua
Reggio-Calabria
Rome
Salerno
Ss'racnse
Teramo
Trapani
Total ..
Total in 1884
Total in 1885.
ToUlinl886.
Qrand total.
Ko.of
com-
munes
af-
fected.
17
1
1
1
22
18
17
21
1
0
871
Ko.of
cases.
855
5
8
1
837
638
209
710
2
819
12,637
20,557
6,307
66,128
101, 019
No. of
deaths.
400
5
1
206
323
127
394
237
0.842
14,203
3,459
26, 373
60,877
TBEAXIES.
No treaty between France and Italy has yet been signed, and the tariff war
still contiunes between the two conii trios. Great distress has been caused among
wine-i;rowers in Italy, especially in the sontheastorn provinces. Hitherto there has
been an immense exportation of Italian wines to France, where they were made into
bo-called French winos. The tariff war has completely stopped the exportation, and
the consequent linancial distress among Italian wine-growers has been yery great.
The following treaties of trade and commerce between Italy and other powers have
been signed since June 30, 1887: A treaty with Austria signed December 7, 1887; n
treaty with Spain signed February 1^6, 1888, and a treaty with Switzerland signed
Febraary 29, 1888,
REVENUE AND EXPENDITURES.
Revenue and expenditurei of the Italian Oovernment far the fiscal year ending June 30.
1888.
RECEIPTS.
•Sources.
Amonnt
1
Souroea.
Amonnt.
Ordinary Revenue,
DlftECT TAXES.
$15. 754, C18
33.S10,.'!56
41. 462, 861
80, 013, 800
3.281,000
129, 310
8,009,500
47, 285, 000
15,744,808
37, 828, OOU
11, 483, 500
880
MiBCBLLAXEOUB TAXHS— Continued.
State lottery .......................
$14, 725, 000
Ihi^nts for state nroiiertv
PUBLIC SEUVICX.
Posts
]#and tax Dnd bnildinir tax
Ijicomo tax
8, 402, 000
Telperanh (9tate)
•2,771,4r0
8, 243, 082
5, 424. 877
BUBIXK8S TAXES. "^
Other services .....................
Ke-ioibursements
Adrotnlittration tax of the ministry
of flnsnce .........................
MiscellHneous receipts
1. 442. 076
Drawbacks
17. 774. 308
H'lix oil railwAv tfAlllo
Total
Loff at ion and consular fees .........
804. 413. 422
RXCI8B AND CUSTOMS.
T.ixes on the mannfaotore oi spirits,
beer. snfFar. etc
Extraordinary Reetnue.
Re-imbnrsements
2, 418. 005
Various receints
60,380
Ciiiitonis and maritime dnes
Octroi duties
Sales of property and franchises. .,
Recover V of debts
8,028.272
600,454
Tobacco (moDonolT)
Arrears of dcbt-s ...................
10, 411. 058
Salt f moQODoIv) .....................
Railwav const-mot ion ............r.^
60. 451. 764
Total
MISCBLLAMBOUS TAXB8.
82.508,038
Total ordinary and extraordinary. .
Fines and DenalUes
380. 082. 356
* The discrepancy between the receipts of the State telegraphs, as given here and in a foregoing
table, is due to the'fsct tliat the figures are obtained from two diffdrent sources, both oflSoiaL
330
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Revenue and expenHhires of the Italian Owemmeni, eio. — Continued.
BXPENDirURBS.
DepAttmflBta.
Treuaiy
Finance
Grace and f ustioe .
Foreign affairs...
Public instruction
interior
Public works ....
War
Navy
Amonni.
$150,123,905
35, 803. Ml
«, 467, 81«
1,5M.025
7, 909, 181
18, 001, 488
77. 991, 5M
81, 158, 355
20. 818, 115
Departmenta.
AKricultnre, Indnatry, and oom
merce
Total
Total reoelpta
Total expenaea
Bifferenoe
13.177,282
385.993.313
386,983,356
385,098.373
+986,088
There was thns, by the offioial showiug, a small snrplas of receipts over ezpeodi-
tares in the fiscal year 1887-^88. The estimate for the present fisoal year redacaa both
expenses and receipts^ but sho\T8 a small deficit of about $2,000,000.
PUBLIC DEBT.
On the 30th of Jnne, 1888, the interest on the public debt of Italy, inoludinK the
floating debt, was $106,582,457. The figures showing the amount of the public debt
will not be published until late in November, at the earliest.
The debt was composed as follows :
Debt.
Gonaolidated debt:
At 5 per cent
At 3 per cent
Permanent renta in the
name of the Holy See . . .
Debta separately inscribed
ill the groat boolc
CapltaL
(t)
iU
(t)
(0
Intereat
$85,871,068
1,236,750
622,425
4,280,340
Bebt.
Tarions debts
Float inj; debt
Total.
Capital.
(t)
Intareat
14,262,405
2.808.851
108, 582. 457
, t Fi^area not yet attainable.
ITAUAN BONDS.
The prices of Italian bonds (5 per cent.) on the Roman Bourse since January 1,
ldc$7, have been as follows:
Maximum price 100.79
Minimum price 02.83
Average price i. 96L51
W. L. AUDXN,
Conaul-e^mieraL
CON8UI«ATB OF THK UNITED STATES,
Borne, October 18, 1887.
EUROPE — ITALY.
331
CATANIA.
REPORT BT CONSUL LAMANTIA,
6BNRRAL RBMARKS.
Dniin;i^ the year 1888 a very serioas crisis, both commeroial and fiDftncial, traversed
the whole oi this islaud, and left its Impression on the several products of the soil as
well as on labor, andredncing the import and export trade of this entire consular dis-
trict. The wine, fmit, sweet-oil, snmac, and snlphnr trade have undergone a couaid-
erable fall in prices, and even at low rates rnlinjp^ the market, consignments abroad
have been difficult to place. The ovei^roduction of brimstone, together with the
local speculations tending to a fall in prices and the abuse of credit m the marketiug
of this mineral, have caused much harm to this industry, at one time the most im-
portant and lucrative in the whole island.
The fruit trade, owing to American and Spanish competition, is also in a state of
depression, as is the wine, oil, and sumac trade, in view of the war tariff between
this conntrv and France. A general declioe in fact in ^11 the chief articles of product
bas been felt in this district, leaving behind in many cases consequences of no little
importance. Such an nnsalutary state of things has now lasted for a period of about
four years, during which it has steadily and ^adually become more aud more acute
till it has reacliiecr the present crisis. In addition to the aforesaid economical draw-
backs are also to be deplored the unsatisfactory state of agriculture and depression of
European markets in general, which have caused in this district a good many larjge
failures, giving rise to great alarm in some cases, and to a great lack of commercial
confidence. Banking credit is now limited to a few of the mercantile houses of the
district, towards which in all branches of trade a great distrust is observed. All these
causes, added to the bad sanitary condition of the whole district, which was auite ab-
normal in the prevalence of cholera and small-poz, have no doubt contributed greatly
to the prevalence of dull trade.
IMPORTS.
The most important import trade at Catania in the year 1888 was carried on with
Russia in wheat, from which country some 20,000 tons were received. India comes
next for about 7,000 tons. The general import returns herein annexed give the sum
of |.%51 1,930 in last year aeainst $4,636,870 in 1887, showing a decrease of $1,024,940,
which may be due to local causes as already stated. From the United States they
amounted to ftl26,415 against $224,620 the previous year, showing a decrease of
$98,205, which is not much as compared with that of other countries, as shown by the
following table of imports :
B^m—
Great Britain...
France
Gerrnany
▲natfia
United Statc«..
Other ooimtriea
Total
1887.
188&
$1,741,825
7B8, eio
447,600
ff79.246
224,820
746,110
$1,180,830
479,795
152,850
800.820
128,415
1,291,820
4,538,870
8,511,830
Diflbrence.
—$580,995
-318,815
-295, 010
-278,425
-98, 205
+548,510
-1,024,940
BXPOKTS.
This trade as regards quantity shows a small increase when compared to the ex-
pprts of the previous year, but as regards value there is a decline of $1,255,970, which
18 the result of the low prices that have ruled the articles of export duriug the past
year. With all that decline, however, the export trade with tne United States has
gradually increased for the last three years as follows: 1886, $615,746 ; 1887, $700,815;
18^, $776,815. To the above amounts is to be added about $100,000 of orange ex-
ports, which are bought in this province, by Messina merchant^ annually^ shipped in
tiiat port, and not declared in this consulate.
ri
332
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Tbe following table will show the decrease and increase of exports to the sereral
countries :
To—
FmncA
Anstria
GrentBriUin
Other coantrios
Uq I tod States
Geruiiiny
Total
. A
1887.
8SS7,085
849.280
676. 230
2.181,425
700, 816
80:i, 395
6,241,230
Aooo*
1420,425
767,830
630.420
1, 012. 010
770,815
377.760
3,985,260
DUferenee.
-$106,660
-81, 450
-4\K10
-1,171415
+76, (lOO
4-74.36$
Tlio chief products of osports from this city port to the United States are fruits,
sumac, sundry seeds, and
m
BRIM8TONB.
Thjs trade in Sicily has never reached such a point of depression ami of dullness
as at present ; the disastrous condition of the money market, in this district especially,
has materially contributed to ruin this very importaut branch of Sicilian industry,
and unless some provision or some unforeseen revival in the trade takes place, its in-
dustry will no louger form the great resource of the country; for in addition to the
mines already closed more will be pnt in the same eategory.
Curious enough, however, the demand fur this article from foreign markets con*
tinues much the same as in former ycar.<4, and in fact the port of Catania exported
last year 3,G44 tons more than the preceding year; therefore it is to be inferreid that
if there is reason ot complaint for low prices, tlie cause is to be found ou this side, and
it may be attributed to great deHclency of capital in Sicily, both in working the
mines and in regulating the market, which is entirely at the option of the very few
speculators who can impose their terras on the hard-pressed-fur money producers.
It is the opinion of many that the trade in question is now open in Sicily to the en-
terprise of any capitalist desirous of large and profitable investments, which whilst
reviving the brimstone industry, might at the same time derive therefrom essential
advantages in the working of their capitals.
Tlie following table will show the amonnt of brimstone exported from Catania
since the establishment of the consulate in this port:
Year.
188J
1KP5
l8t*C
J8H7
1888 ,
TotHl
Italy.
Oantan.
481, 217
354,250
416, 980
411,429
404,039
2, 067, 916
England.
Cantan.
186. 081
127, 808
i:i6, 810
228, 520
29:J, 273
973, 152
France.
Cantan.
113.724
56.588
80.402
120, 673
157, 002
527, 479
nnlted
SUtea.
Cantart.
358, 9:M)
48.971
123, 002
183. 972
286. 8n<»
992,715
Otlirr
oouDtrieei.
Cantart.
360,229
700.180
622, 745
6«i8, 372
465,961
2,766,487
Total.
Cantan.
1. 5Ul). 781
1,286.P57
1.381.019
J, 552, »5
1,607,125
7,337,748
GRREN FRUITS.
The fruit trade is for Sicily the second one in importance after the brimstone.
This island, which once supplied nearly both continents with this product, is not
what it used to be some twenty yonrs ago. Owing to the Anierici^, Spanish, Greek,
and Archipelago competition, the trade is now reduced to the lowest state of depros*
■ion, causing losses and failures.
The Province of Catania is estimated to contain both in the lower and higher laud
some 1,741,120 lemon and orange trees, yielding an annual production of 4t>7 ,000,000
of fruits, the former of which bear all the year aronnd ; the crops are called the fall,
winter, spring, and summered cuts. The lemons of the former cut are considered to be
the best both for quality and keeping.
The shipping trade of naid fruits begins in the month of September for Anstria, Rus-
sia, and Germany, and the oranges about November, and when these markets are over-
stocked, then shipments are made for the Unit'Cd States.
EUBOPE — ITALY.
333
Since Austria has abolished the daty on fruits it seems that shipments haye grad-
nally increased towards that conntry.
The lemon shippiog trade with the United States generally commences about the
month of Kovember and oontinnes until August, and the orange in the beginning of
January, np to the middle of April.
Having a good deal of knowledge of this trade I may, in the interest of American
importers, state some facts which I have seen since my oconpancy of this office. It
can not be denied that the oranges produced iu the groves of Adern(S, Paternd, Agira,
Bronte, Scordia,Lieonfort«,Mineo,Raddu8a, and Biancavilla, all at the foot of Mount
Etna, in this province, and a few miles from this city, are far superior to any other
grown in any part of this whole country of Sicily for taste and for keeping. In fact
all the oranges shipped at Messina from the mouth of January of every year up to the
end of the season are, with a few exceptions, from those places. The trouble is, how-
ever, that the majority of the producers pay very little attention In gathering, select-
ing, and packing the fruits in shipping order. When a steamer is expected in port
and good returns are cabled from America you see them gather the fruits with haste,
even with damp and wet weather, which is absolutely fatal to the fruit. It is not
so, however, at Messiua and Palermo, ^here shippers have very large packing-houses
and where the fruits are properly selected and packed. After being so gathered and
so badly packetl, they are then brought to this city for sale, when shippers buy or
commission ageut-s advance money for parties in the States. No wonder that owing
to the miserable couditlon they reach their destination in a rotting state, causing
losses to both. To mgke matters worse the tramp steamers go all around the island
in search of additional bar^o, dolayinc twenty and thirty dajs before they sail for the
port of destination, lu this city thera are but a few good fruit packing-houses, all
others being unreliable.
Upon sucu facts I consider it a poor policy for American Importers to advance
money on fruits, and I would advise no one to do so, unless they could tind an honest
agent who would look after their interests, and to advance money only to fruit-
growers, to competent packers, and to honest dealers. Thereiore, considering the
above-stated fitcts, and the large growing production in Florida and California with
the facilities of the railroads iu the States, I am inclined to believe that the orange
trade will in the course of tun years fall considerably unless producers will change
their minds and ship from this district the choicest fruits properly packed. The fol-
lowing table will show the difference of the fruit exporting trade to the United States
from lo84 :
Year.
1884
1885
1^80 ,
1887
I8S8
Total
Oranges.
Boxet.
44,833
85,544
50,396
114, 086
02,606
397,065
Lemons.
Boxes.
128, 040
100, 240
ion. 032
159, 451
97, 377
585,140
TotaL
Boxes.
172, 873
185, 7M
150,428
274.137
189,083
982,205
Increase.
Boxet.
12,011
101, 264
17, 110
131,285
Decrease.
Boxes.
13,445
13. 445
WINK.
This prodnct is also another of the most important one in the whole island, and es-
I)ecially in this district, where it is grown in very great abundance, although none is
exported to the United States. This trade and culture which once gave work to
mnny thousand laborers is now reduced to a deplorable condition, and unless some-
thing is done to revive it it will nndoubt-edly cauHC general calamity. This province,
containing a very large area of many hectares of cultivated vine lands, yielding an
annual production of 2.000,000 hectoliters wine, it is easy to imagine how serious the
loss has been felt by the public in general, caused by the war tariff with the French.
The producers, who had iu France a good outlet for their wines, finding now that
market entirely shut up, sell their large stock which has accumulated for two years
at extraordinary low prices, which can not cover the expenses of their culture and
industry.
FRBIGHTS.
Freights kept pretty steady during the latter portion of the year, and since then
improved as regards Eugland, both for homeward and ontward tonnage.
From Sicily to the United States an average of 9«.6(i. per ton has been quoted, and
of 1«. 6d. for 3 box of frnit. Freights for the States generally improve during the
Bpriug and summer moutha »
3S4 COMHBBOUL RELATIONS.
■HIPPIKO
at this port oontinnes in a healthy general oonditton, and 3,977 yeisels, representing
a tonnage of 745,256 tons, entered this porfe, against 4,352 of the year 1887. Of these
3,544 were Italian and 1238 British, an increase of 17 English vessels, with a tonnage of
17,300 more than last year.
The so-called Inmp or time charters have for the past year entailed serions losses
to ship-owners in England, and have gone, it seems, ont of nse. A single owner in-
oarred a loss of about $18,000 in the earlier part of last year throngh one of the char-
ters COD nee ted with this port. It seems that the lesson has proved effective to ship-
oWtaers at large.
Vessels entered at this port during the year were of all nationalities, except one of
American colors. Only one entered on the 17th of last Febmary, when on fehe fore-
mast of the steam-ship ProgruOf of New York, I sainted for the first time in this port
the prond flag of the united States.
BAJTKINO.
Owing to the failure of several large houses and to the unsatis&ctory condition of
every brauch of industry and trade, the credit throughout the island is mnch shaken.
The *' Banco Nazionale" and the " Banco di Sicilia,*' which are the largest bank-
m^ institutions in this island, have greatly reduced the discount, and money oirea-
lation has become very difficult, exercising the most influent on general oommer
cial life.
The smaller local popular savings banks, which although keeping the exchange at
the high rate of 7 and 8 per cent. ^ nave been np to the present of great help to trade,
are now in the most critical conditioTi ; for on one hand their credit has been consid-
erably restricted, whilst on the other they are compelled to protest daily lots of drafts,
which owing to the present crisis can not be paid. The consequences are felt by
every class of people, merchants and working people, and every day old and honest
firms suspend payment.
PUBUC WORKS.
There is noiUng worth mentioning in this branch, which continues mnoh the same
as stated in my report for 1887.
The Circum Etnea railroad line will, within the next new year be pat onder con-
struction and will be completed in two years' time.
THB KEW PORT.
This port is not yet completed and work is going on slowly, on account of the un-
favorabie financial condition of the city. The works to be erected in force of the plan
were : A molo or breakwater of 1,250 meters ; two piers thrown out at right-angles
on either sides each 60 meters long and 15 wide ; lastly, a quay or wharf, indnding a
supplementary railway station of 525 meters and at a height of 5 meters above the
level of the sea. Such works were to be accomplished in eight years.
The stone works at sea commenced in the month of Febmary, 1874, but through
some dispute with the contractor, they were for several months interrupted and re-
sumed in the month of May, 1876. During the construction, however, it was thought
proper that the original plan required some modifications at one increase estimated
of 660,000 lires, which was duly sanctioned by the Italian Government ; consequently
the total outlay came np to 8,157,448 lires, or about $1,575,000, of which amount 70
per cent, is borne by the municipality of Catania, 20 per cent, by the government and
10 per cent, by the province.
The works completed np to December, 1883, were : Natural stone blocks at the sea
for the base of the breakwater, 556,463 meters ; artificial blocks for the outside part
of breakwater, 8,423 blocks, each of 10,050 meters ; larjKc artificial blocks, placed on
the surface of the breakwater, 1,.536 blocks, each one of 18,000 meters. The meters,
together with others of minor importance, comprised an outlay of 5,467,300 lires.
The present area and accommodation comparod with that of twenty years ago, is
an increase of area of 67.33 hectares, consisting in this port.
In an average, some 5,516 vessels (including fishing trade) enter the port of Catania
yearly, under an aggre^te tonnage of 1,565,156 tons. These vessels are chiefly em-
ployed in the wine, fruit, and sulphnr trade, to all parts of the world.
The old harbor, on the completion of the new one, will chiefly be nsedfor purposes
of the coasting trade. The accommodatiod it affords had become q|iite insufficient
for the growing importance of the trade.
EUBOPE— ITAIiT.
335
AlfKRTCAN MACHINXRT.
AgriouUwral maehinvy, — In the prodaotion of cereals and in order to compete with
producerc of other oountries, some fiirmera, it seems, are begiuntng to onderstand that
mecbimical reaping machines are essential to agricaltare. f u fact, Mr. Charles Beck,
mentioned in my last report, representing the McCormick Harvesting Machine Com-
pany of Chicago, 111., has already introduced seven more of said machines in this
province, and no donbt others will be introduced in this island in the course of time.
At the request of the Agrarian Committee of this city, Mr. Beck some time ago gave
ft trial with one of his machines, in presence of many farmers and agriculturists, who
were surprised to see it working to perfection, for whilst reaping the harvest, it fast-
ened the bundles, leaving them on one side.
Sewing-maohinea. — There are in this district and cit^ several sewing-machines of
di£ferent patents and stvles, but the American machine is the leading one. The
8inger Company have of late remodeled and embellished their well-located establish-
ments on via Stesiooro Etnea, and which have fitted out in a really American style.
On the richt side entrance of the store, the large square show window is amply filled
with all &e latest improved machines and the kind of all embroidery made on them
attract the admiration of the passers-by.
The said machines are also sold in weekly and monthly payments as in the United
States. ,
VITAL STATISnCB.
The official estimated population of Catania, up to the 31st of last December
amounted to 107,165, with 53,833 males and 53,312 females. There were during the
year 4,750 births of 2»376 boys and 2,374 girls, with 279 illegitimate. The number of
deaths was 4,185, besides 216 still births, with 40 illegitimate.
The chief causes of death were as follows:
SifiaU-poXf 869; typhus, 105; diphtheria, 178; marasmus, 128; apoplexy, 124;
eclampsy, 215 ; croup, non-diphtheretic, 101; bronchitis, 187 ; pneumonia, 276: lung
disease, 127 ; heart aisease, 139 ; enteritis^ 320 ; diseases of the mouth, 358; deatn rate
per 1,000, 4.10; birth, 4.43 per 1,000 summary; deaths by contagious diseases, 1,430:
coustltutional diseases, 220; nervous diseases, 408; bronchial diseases. 747; blood
diseases, 163; stomachic diseases, 892; all other diseases, 125; total, 4,185.
There were 865 contracts of marriage, of which 757 were between young people ; 37
between bachelors and widows ; 70 between widowers and young women : 31 between
widowed persons. Said contracts were signed— 265 by both parties, 184 uy the bride-
groom, 25 oy the bride, and 381 by none. Duriug the small-poz 12,579 people were
vaccinated. There were also 41 twin births, and one triple ; a poor woman gave
birth to three living girls.
Temperature.
Months.
1888.
January
Febrnary
March -.
April
Miiy
June
July
Auffnst
September
October
IS'oTember
Deoember.....*
Thermometer.
i
•
Days.
«
•3
S
s
6
•
08
i
'a
a
S
s
B
0
5-
1
43
•
&
ti
•
^
i
Si
5
18
10
9
762
72
«
16
10
17
4
10
756
70
4
15
10
27
4
13
767
66
2
27
2
27
8
16
757
66
4
23
8
2e
13
)0
760
71
4
28
4
33«
16
24
759
67
10
19
1
iO
21
27
758
59
28
3
34
20
25
750
64
21
8
2
81
11
24
761
69
11
16
4
31
10
10
760
66
11
16
4
25
8
15
761
72
10
16
4
20
5
12
763
68
4
20
4
bC
a
B.N.E.
B.a w.
E. a, (fi.
£• S. E.
E.S.B.
£ S.E.
E. S. £.
E. n. E«
B.8.B.
a E.W.
S.B.
E
I
336 COBfMEBOIAL RELATIONS.
CULTIVATION.
It may be of some interest to farmers la the States raising cereals to read tife fol-
lowing brief accoaDt of an experiment made by Mr. Charles Beck, an intelligent agri-
oaltarist iu this district, in the line of onltivating ifvbeat by artiticial uianare. U
seems that cultivating with that compost yields a good deal of profit whenever the
rnles assigned to are properly performed.
The rales wonld be the following: (1) Good plowing; (2) sowiag ia straight line;
(3) manuring in base of phosphate.
The experiment was practiced on Mr. Beck's farm on three equal hectares of land
repared with the ordinary old-^tyle plow used in this island; the sowing was done
y his machine about the eod of December, 1887.
To the first hectare no manure was given; to the second, 1,200 pounds of phoephate
of calcium and 600 pounds of nitrate of soda was mixed; to the third only 1,200
poaods of phosphate was administered. The vegetation turned out good on hectare
first; it was better on hectare third, and it was a saocess on the second, whereto
l^itrate had been mixed with phosphate. The plants sprouted out splendidly, and on
the second hectare every bashel of wheat contained 15 i^nd 20 stalks; but the wheat
to which nitrate had been mixed iir proved veiy much.
The crop was retarded by a bad season, notwithstanding the following results were
obtained, viz : Hectare first, with no manure, eave 37 bushels wheat; hectare second,
with nitrate and phosphate, 77. bushels; and hectare third, with phosphate alone,
yielded 90 bushels. It is, however, to be observed that the first hectare gave very
little hay ; the third an ordinary quantity, and the second produced too much of it.
Tlie quantity of wheat produced by hectare third is an evidence that cultivating
cereaU with that process is the most profitable one. from the fact that mixing nitrak
to phosphate, although it produced much hay, it decreased the production of grnin.
Several farmers are now practising this method with the hope of increasing their
wheat crops.
AORIGULTURR.
The Province of Catania, extending over 60 miles of the eastern coaet of the
island, and including the shipping towns of Acireale and Peiposto, is^essentially agri-
cultural, whilst its chief city, Catania, with a pojiulation of 107,000 inhabitants, is
the residence of a large numljer of landlords, deriving their revenues from the slojies
of Etna to the north and from the fertile lowlands, stretching to the south and wpst
wat43red by the river Simeto. At one time it was said, to produce one- sixth of the
whole quantity of wheat grown in the island, in addition to rice, cotton, silk,, and
numerous other products.
In the year 1865 at the time of high prices ruling in cotton, caused by the civil war.
in the United States, no less than 68,000 hundred weight or cotton, of the value of
little short of $2,500,000, were shipped from Catania to Marseilles and Genoa, asshowu
by the statistics relating to its exports and iinporte.
Catania is the neat of considerable commercial activity, but the great fall in
prices of all Sicilian products have within late years checked tlie natural growtb
of agricultural enterprise, which industry may be said to lay iu a dormant state,
and this province, once famous in other times for its corn-growing production, at the
present time, owing to the completion of the eastern states of Europe, the cultivation
of wheat has gradually diminished every year and the corn fields have been turned
into vineyards. What advantages landlords uiay have derived from such change
it is difficult to ascertain, whereas it has beeu such that wheat forms now an article
of importation into the country, when in the good old times it used to be exported
instead to continental Italy and to the north of Europe, at very remunerative re-
turns to the producers. On the other hand we see that vine, which has replaced
corn-growing, is yielding very badly, and the result of such a transfer of affricultoml
products has brought about a general depression in the industry of both of these
branches of trade. Such being the general features of the State of agriculture in
this district, it offers very litte material to investigate, and as it was stated in my
last report for 1887 concerning this district it may well be said that agricalture here
is what it was some fifty years ago, and those improvements introduted by modem
science for the cultivation of the soil are ver^* little known in this section of the
couatry. •
Last year's general harvest was a very bad one ; a long snccession of droaght pre-
vented the due development of vegetation, and in consequence the crops were oi in-
ferior quality and the yield very poor.
The province of Catania has an area of 31,739 hectares in olive cnltivated land,
yielding an annual prodnction of 233,415 hectoliters of oil, with 1,741,120 orange and
lemon trees, prodncmg 467,000,000 fruits, and about 3,000,000 hectoliters of wine, he-
sides beans, rice, com, seeds, filberts, almonds, cotton, sumac, waln^ta, and other
products of less importance. These articles are almost all exported for foreign con*
sumption with the exception of a small portion of them sold lor home wanta.
EUBOPE — ITALY.
337
To exhibit the depression of agricultaral industry in this district, the* following
comparative table of prices for the years 1887 and 1888, will show its real and lament-
able decline :
Artiolos.
OliyeoiU ^.
Whofit
Lpmous. i.
Wine
Average prioei
1887.
JAru,
87 to 90
25 to 26
8 to 12
30 to 37
1888.
Liret.
58 to 66
23 to 24
8 to 6
15 to 20
Free on buard—
Per 100 kilograms.
Do.
Per 1,000 fruits.
Per hectoliter (26| gallonB).
And SO likewise all other prodiiots of minor importance have lost ground in the
market price. As regards the quantity output by the cultivation of the soil in all
kind of products in the district, it is not possible to return them, as no records of the
sort are obtainable.
ViNCKNT LaMANTIA,
C0H9ul,
UHiTxf> States Consulate,
Catania, March 25, 1889.
Value of exports from Catania during 1888.
Article*.
Aloejuioe
Almonds, shelled . . .
Brimstone....;
Cheese
Cork, worked
Fniits
Hides, tanned
Linseed
Oil of olives
Bags
Siiiphnr
Stones, ballding . . . .
Seeils, sundries
Salt Ash
Sundry goods
Salt, tartaric
Walnuts
Woolen-goods
Wiue
Wheat
Total
Last year..
Great
Britain
and
colonies.
$-26, 190
105, 3i5
382, 530
3,510
12,260
830
49, 055
065
1,715
8,310
6,180
10,805
20,330
2,355
France.
Oer-
many.
$20, 8i0 $10, 180
127,725108,400
100
8.7«0
3.865
1, 180
23,200
CTiiited
States.
199,385 201,220
I 10.515
3,665
6,060
7,410
16,175
17,035
^305
$3,330
4,350
330.015
2,375
710
369,085
20,040
"iio
3,475
12, 400
" -m
20,920
840
7,560
10,780
5.400
270
630,420
670,230
420, 425,377, 760,776, 815767, 830
Ans>
tria.
Hol-
land.
$3, 710 $76. 100
106.430
127. 140
1,160
469,080
825
11,200
820
'*4,'925
'38,'600
2,940
1,000
527, 085,803^ 395 700, 815:849, 280
245
Tur-
key.
$820
Other
couu-
tries.
$18, 910
2,550
6.235
'46,"6i6
"1,366
Total.
Quan-
tity.
Value.
300
1,760
53,826
25
IH
22,906
32
1,071
8
2
728,300 73.010
20,500 4,889
374
35
946
170
885
1
756
5.155
16, 180
21,000
13, 510
1,400
31,8001
6, 800 1. 914
$84. 140
531,700
939. 6>-5
8,610
5. 38U
916, 285
9,610
75.985
13, 345
240
1, 138, 955
47,730
33,715
5,095
43,380
CO. 965
106,415
1,400
55,5.30
16, 105
1,012,010 216,068
76,345
820)2, 178, 425 232, 626
3, 985. 2fiO
5^ 241. 2110
10611 0
338
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Value of imparii at Catania during 1888.
ArtiolM.
Goals
Colonlala
Cotton iroodii
Hide and leather gooda
Iron and metal gooilt
Linen and Jute jcoods % . .
Lire atock
pRlqt and colon
]%pergood6
PuiDO and d ried fhilts
Pelrolenn (210,820 gallonn)..
HHudry ^ooda
Silk Kood8 :...
Woolen gooda
Total
Laat year..
Oreat
Britain
and
ooloniea.
$145,250
6^260
301,600
17,080
101, 820
0-i,l»5
32,900
8,140
7,620
277,815
'"6i,'i«o
1,100,030
1,741,025
France.
$11,860
18,060
80,780
71.255
54,885
21.805
37,100
2,870
S.115
4.680
01,630
28,000
10^,775
470, 795
708,610
(Ger-
many.
$2,870
28,525
32.200
19, 510
1,045
1,040
2,760
21, 110
81, 7?5
152,650 126,415
United
SUtes.
$1,770
68,* too'
22, 082
43,863
447,660
314, 210
Ana-
tria.
$10,730
85,900
10, 160
23,200
5,120
81,100
2.955
8,100
8L000
36,195
51,000
30,960
800.820
576,245
Other
countriea.
2,500
5.560
2,875
19, 340
8,000
23,060
10.520
3. 010
1,134.825
60,910
1,201.620 71,670
Total.
Quan-
tity.
34,158
123
670
410
4,616
397
688
802
105
28.275
♦22,082
l«334
5
97
735,240
65^745
Value.
$67. no
36.630
492,853
192.276
278; 745
94,155
143.260
50,2f5
20,155
1,170,245
22,082
r6],668
79. UM
218.970
3.511,030
4,6&0k370
Caaea.
TRADE WITH TUB CNITKI) STATBS.
Imports and export§ between Catania, Italy, and the United Siatee for ike year 1888.
ArUolea.
Goloniala tons.
Hide and leather goods do...
Petrolenm cases.
Sundry goods tons.
Aloejnice do...
Almonds, shelled do...
Kriraslone do ..
Che«^ae do...
Cork, worked do...
Fruits do...
Linseed do...
Rn^s do...
Seeds, various do...
Saltflsh do...
Salt, tartaric do...
Walnuts do...
Wine do...
Sundry goods do...
ToUl...
Previous year.
Iniporta from the United
States.
Quantity.
5
147
22,082
215
867
368
Value.
$1,770
58,700
22,082
43,863
Exports to the United
Sutea.
Quantity.
126,415
849,210
12
14
23,155
7
2
9,227
S
283
6
88
46
1
213
31, IBS
21,146
Vatttft
$8,830
4,350
380,015
2,375
710
869.065
2$, 910
240
2$, 920
840
10,780
5.400
270
7,560
776,815
700,816
EDBOPE — ITALY.
339
IfwHgation at the port of Catania, Italg, for the year ending December 31, 1888.
FUif.
Italian
British....
Greek
German ...
Others
Total
I^astyear..
Entered.
Steamers.
537
8
87
88
848
947
Tont.
345^118
224,205
8,840
87.»50
24.186
885,200
720,113
SailiDK
yessels.
No.
3.007
5
70
88
3,120
3,405
TofUf.
81.776
762
18.657
8,872
100, 057
102,234
TotaL
N9.
3,544
288
82
17
76
8,077
4,852
Tont.
426,894
224, 457
22,307
87,960
83,068
745,256
828^847
Cleared.
Steamen.
J9o,
530
233
3
35
37
838
941
356,707
225,205
2,338
84,08«)
22.652
Sallinc
Tesaeli.
No.
2.087
5
78
82
640.879 3,102
725, 704 i3, 387
Tom.
74, 781
752
21. 015
7,413
103,061
103. 275
Total.
No.
8.517
238
81
35
60
3,040
4.338
Tont.
431, 577
224,057
23,353
34,038
29,063
744.840
828,070
M.
IHDUSTEIES OF CATAHIA.
REPORT BT CONSUL LAMANTIA.
CBBAM OF TARTAR.
at Catania has made some progress during the last few ^ears in seyeral
branohes of tnuto— cream of tartar, for instance, which at times was imported, is now
made in several commanee of this oonsnlar distriot, showing a good progress.
UCORICS.
Lioorice.is manufactured in the towns of Cataaia, Caltagirone^ and Termini in the
Province of Palermo. The root, which is of a yellowish color, has a strong sweet
taste, is found j^rowiug on the hanks and dry heds of rivers. It grows best in sandy,
stony soil, and it is dug by sp^de, principally in the mouth of November, when it con-
tains more juice, and the earth is soflened by the first rains. The method for pre-
pariniiC licorice ifor trade is the simplest possible. The root is first cleaned of every
impurity, by continual washing in pure water, and after it has been crushed, the J nice
is pressed out and boiled until reduced to a paste, when it is worked out in small
oylinders of not more than two inches and shipped for Triest, Leghorn, Genoa, Mar-
seillee, England, etc., where it is preferred to that coming from the eastern countries.
HAT8.
Another prosperous industry in this district is hat manufacturing. There are in
Catania six hat makers who employ about fifty persons and produce rolt and side huts
of the beet quality.
WINK.
But the best progress is shown by the wine industry, whieh in this consular district
is of the greatest importance. Oue large manufactory in Adernd is furnished with
engines, instruments, and utensils, of the beat pattern. The yearly produce is about
15,000 gallons of Nero or Black Etna table wine, beside cognac aud champagne. An-
other manufactory, in Riposte, is well known on the market for the qualities of cham-
pagne, mnsoatO| and other fine sparkling wines.
BTBAM-MILLS.
The province of Catania has not less than 21 steam-mills and S93 mills worked
by hydranlic power. Of the 21 steam-mills, four are in this city. I must, however,
call particular Mtention to the one lust opened in Lioata by Messrs. Matteo Ver-
derame St Sons, being provided with the most powerful engine on this island. The
aame occupies an area of abont 15,000 square yards, and is provided with two 200 high-
pressure boiler^ of the Babcock system, a Wheelock engine (all of the latest improve-
ments,) for cleaning, washing, and grinding the corn and sifting flour, are to be found
there. Two separate branches of these works are reserved for the maooaroni industry
and sulphur grinding.
340 COMMEBCflAL RELATIONS.
BRIlfSTOHS.
By the oontianal going dowa of the brixnetone prioesi the most important bnnoh
of Industry is now going thron^h a crisis. The sulphur millers and refiners are now
oompelled to be very cautions m their purchases. They reduce their work to those
months when their produce is used and they buy only as much of raw materials as
they can simultaneously work out and sell. The activity of the *' Society Italiana degli
Zolfi, " which has the most important worke of the district for this kind of sulphur
industry, does not show a great decline. The said society disposes of sufficient means
to produce, in a relatively short time, a good quantity of work, and the following items
will show the production of last year :
T<nt9.
Refined brimstone lO.uiO
SablimAte of salpbar %(y»i
Beflned eulpbnr in loaves « 700
Qround brimstone 13,000
Total 23,700
Second to this' company come the works belonging to Pietro Marano and Messrs.
Aloozo &, Consoli, which are provided with four furnaces for refiniDg, four appara-
tuses for sublimating, and three mills for grinding, worked by a 20 horse-power steam-
engine. The^ame employ about one hundred persons, ana give a daily prodaction
of 31 tons of refined brimstone and 100 tons of ground brimston^. Another mill be-
longing to the same firms is worked by arlO horse-power engine, and can give only GO
tons of ground brimstone. Up to this day this branch of industry has been tbe
monopoly of a few Catanese houses, and the rubbish shipped as ground brimstone
has been anything but sulphur. This fact aiready known on every mariLot, I would
advise the merchants of the United States either to imprt brimstone in bulk and
grind it at home, or before giving an order to submit the samplea coming from
'atania to an exact chemical analysis or test.
ASPHALT.
The house of H. A. B. Aveline has introduced since a new branch of industry,
namely, it has opened a manufactory for grinding and manipulating asphalt, which is
exported to Italy and other countries.
CEMBNT.
The cement and Portland industry is new.
In the works of Mr. Roaersi are made bricks of several colors, size, and shape for
floor covering, water-pipes, bass-relieves, wall-pillars, moaaiCi and other such works
required for embellishments.
BRASS WORKS.
In the workshop of Mr. O. B. Borgetti, brass and cast-iron are executed, and me-
chanical instruments, agricultural machinery are repaired.
The SocietiS Italiana dei Lavori Publici, which is building this harbor, has also
workshops for repairing tug-boats and engines, and machinery required for the work
they are executing.
VURNITURS.
This branch of industry, I must say, has reached the highest degree ; cabinet works
and furniture, as regards artistical taste, fine finish, aud solidity, can compete favor-
ably with those of any country. The numerous class of cabinet makers have just
associated themselves into a co-operative company with the view of supplying furni-
ture of any kind at moderate prices and exclude* from the market foreign produce.
They have also opened, in the central portion of this city, a show-magazine, where is
to be found a good stock of the finest and richest pieces of furniture.
8ILX.
The Province of Catania, once rich in mulberry trees, had a prosperous silk Indns-
try, whose produce was in ^reat demand in Sicily and all over the late ktugdom of
Naples. The present decline is due to the decline in silk-worm breeding, which
caused the mulberry trees to be totally supplanted by the more profitable cultivation
of urauire and lemon trees. But this industry would prove more profitable, at least
EimOPE — ITALY. 341
foi the country people and farmers, sbonld it be again developed. Tbis city once
fiosseBsed not less than 15,000 looms, vrbicb required the handwork of 20,000 persons.
Beside that there was also a tribunal called* the '' Silk Consular Body," to whose
judgment were subject men and matters connected with the silk industry, and which
«-xamined the quality of the silk stuffs made, and decided on all the matters and dif-
ferences between workmen and principals. Now there are only three factories in
which silk is twisted.
The splendid establishments, supplied with tho best inventions of science, are now
idle. The industry is restricted to a few who work privately at home on small
looms and give very scanty productions.
COTTON TEXTURB.
The cotton texture, which wlks at one time as prosperous as the silk indastry and
employed 700 looms and 10,000 persons, has now disappeared and is reduced to the
proNdoctions of a few farm women who work on hand looms as mnoh as will supply
the requirements of their families in cotton, woolen, and linen clothes.
ALCOHOL.
Owing to the new duty imposed by the Italian Govemment on alcohol, and the
vexing system of collecting the same, and the competition of foreign rubbish coming
under the name of alcohol, the distilleries of this district find worxing to be no more
profitable. A committee sent ont by the Oovernmeut to inquire and report on the
causes of the present sad state of agriculture pointed ont that this new law on alco-
hol has caused the decay and nearly the total disappearance of this industry, which
has been so beneficial, especially for the wine-growers and industrials who could
utilize for distilling purposes the spoiled wines, dregs of pressed grapes, and other
snch rests, whilst now the same are of no use to them and represent a total loss.
▲OROCOTTO.
There was need of finding an outlet for those lemons, which not being in sonnd
state for lon^ voyages and not fit for trade, has lead to tne device of squeezing ont
the juice, which is exported either cmde or concentrated. Messrs. Cnoinotta Brothers
have a factory working on this peculiar line of industry, and up to the last day of
April give work to seventy men. There are several firms in Catania working on thiB
same industry, and give work to about two hundred persons.
0A8 WORKS.
The gas-works of Catania employ not less than sixty workingmen, and are provided
with a steam-engine and supply the illumination of many lights in the entire cit^,
which is the richest in the island. The electric light and telephone, introduced m
workshops, offices, clubs, etc., have met with great favor and are steadily increasing
in number.
MATCHES.
The house of Ella A Co. has a manufactory of wax and wooden matches. The
work is made by seventy men, and the production of about 10,000 boxes daily is of
good quality and stands well the competition of any other fabric in Italy.
TANNERIES.
The dressing of skins and tanning of hides in this province has be%n exercised for a
number of years, and especially in Catania, where it has been a very old indu$itry.
There are now six tan-houses in this city, worked by the use of water, employing in
all three hundred men. But the one owned by Mr. Mario Buscemi is worked by a six
liorse-power steam-motor, and it is considered the most im important one in the prov-
ince. It has fifty-six reservoirs, or tubs, employs thirty-six workmen, and the material
used for tanning is nnt-gaU,bark of oak, holm-oak, and sumac. They work only eight
months in the year, and the leather is sold in the island.
SUNDRIES.
Beside those mentioned there are in the city various soap, ice, confectionery, cordage,
g1uve,Hhooting powder, seltzer water, and beer manufactories, with several furnaces
making IIiih^ building and paving bricks, chalk, tiles, and common earthen ware.
342 COMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
There are also eeyeral mills for the grinding of nnt-gall tree, sumao, and holm-oak
bark. Cataoia has other indoetries oondnot^ with skill and in a praiseworthy man-
ner.
The objects of ambe^ artificial flowers, gold embroideries, etc, are admirably ex-
ecuted, and proTe the fine taste of this population.
CONCLUSION.
In a word, in the line of industry the city of " Bella Catania'' has, under ifae regime
of United Italy, made some good progress.
YlNCBMT LaMANTIA,
COMUk
Unitbd Statss Consulate,
Catania, Italy, October 10» 1888.
FXiORENCE.
REPORT BY OOKSVL DILLBR.
By executlTe order, which went into effect July 1. 1868, this eonsnlar district
made to embrace the provinces of Florence, Arezzo, Bologna; Ferrara, Forti, Modeoa»
Ravenna, and Reggio, containing a population of 2.758,907 souls, or about one-tenth
of the entire population of the Kingdom of Italy, tnus forming a compact and homo-
ceueous distnct in the center Of the Kingdom and embracing the most industrious and
fertile portion. (See Table No. 1.)
AORICULTURB.
The labors of the farming community have generally proved satisfactory. The
product of the wine harvest in quantity was greater than that of last year, but in
quality it was ninch inferior, owing, doubtlesa, to the exceptionally cool summer.
The crop of olives Just gathered appear abundant, the nut, however, being abnor-
mally large. The product of oil is less than that of the previous year.
Wheat, Indian corn, hay, hemp, flax, chestnuts, and other growing crops, were
about on an average. Apples, pears, peaches, apricots, plume, figs, pomegranates,
cherries, strawberries, and other small fruits, were plentiful and cheap, conducing
greatly to the health and comfort of the people. I can not, however, leave this por-
tion of the subject without having a word to say in opposition of the wholesale des-
truction of the small iusectiverons birds. The little innocents are snared by thoo-
sands and almost daily hawked about the streets for sale. No bird, however small,
escapes the meshes of the fatal net, and the few 9oldx secured for them but ill repays
the peasant-farmer for the loss be sustains in blemished and imperfect fruit, ravaged
by insects overrunning vines and fruit-trees in the absence of these insect destroyers.
Of the fruits shipped from this district, less than one-half the entire crop is rspre-
sented as merchantable ; the remainder, being imperfect, is sold at a reduced price and
utilized at home.
MAKUFACTURSD TISSUBS.
Another new industry has been inaugurated by a German company, at Prato, near
this city, for the manufacture of Thibet tissues and embroidered shawls. Tbey have
purchased 30,000 square meters of ground, and will employ about 1,000 workers of both
sexes.
At the same place (Prato) a standard school for instruction in weaving and dyeing
has recently been opened under the auspices of the Italian Government^ which prom-
ises excellent results.
NEW RAILWAY, FLORENCE TO FAENZA.
This line, at present under construction and contracted to be finished in 1891, will
be 35^ miles in length, the estimated cost of which will be more than $5,000,000. When
finished, it opens up rapid communication between Florence and the Adriatic, and
will prove of immense commercial importance to this city. The contract for con-
struction divides the line into four parts. The i)ortion from Fagnarie to Marradi,
lOi miles, and that from Yaglia to Florence, 12| miles, are both wSW advanced. The
EUROPE — ITALY. 343
latter will probably be in operation by Septembor next. On the entire line there will
be 9 tunnels — the whole measaringT^lOO yards— the longest, near Pratolino, will be3,800
yards, and the shortest, at Cargola, 55 yards in length. The estimated cosfof the
Jong tunnel at Pratolino is ^126,473. In addition to the tunnels there will be 9 iron
bridges and 9 built of stone with brick arches. The immense cost of this short line
of road is owing to the mountainous character of the country traversedi and the fre-
quent crossing of mountain streams and rivers.
The Adriatic Railway Company are about introducing Pullman cars on their line,
and have contracted with that company for the fumishin|^ of materials for building
two oars to be finished in the worsshop of the railway m Florence. With the ex-
ception of French mirrors (which are to be etched in the United States), everything
connected with their manufacture will be of American production.
TRAMWAYS.
I
The principal lines of tramway, both by steam and horse power in this city .are con-
trolled by a Belgian Company, and are as follows: Steam Florence to Prato, 18
miles; steam, Florence to Poggio, via Caiaguo, IQ^ miles; steam, Florence to Signo,
8 miles; making 3(H miles in length, and employing 18 engines and 49 cars. Horse-
power, Florence to Yarlumgo, 1| miles; horse power, Florece to Bagna, viaRipoti,
3i miles; horse-power, Florence t<o Sesto, 5} miles; horse^power, Florence to Belt-road,
3| miles ; making 13| miles in length and employing 190 horses and 73 cars. There
is also a line to the Caicina or City Park, two miles in length, propelled by both
steam and horse-power. I have not been able to procure the number of employ^ or
the amount of their per diem allowance. The same company will soon open another
steam line, 3i miles in length from this city to Settignano, a thriving and important
manufacturing town of about 5,000 inhabitants.
An Italian company control the steam tramway to Fiesole, about 3 miles, and in-
tend during the present year to establish a line of similar cars from Florence to the
beautiful valley of Chianti, about 15 miles in length, with numerous stations at
various interesting pointe. The necessary authority having been already secured, .
work will be commenced almost immediately.
TDB BOLOGNA EXPOSITION. *
I regret that I have not been furnished with a detailed report of the exposition
at Bologna, which commenced on May 1 and clo6ed in October, 1888. The consular
agent reports *'that economically speaking it was a failure, concerning industries
and agriculture nothing very important, but musically speaking it was very interest-
ing, especially for the autographs of the greatest artists and composers, living and
dead, which wore sent from every' part of the world." The names and address of
citizens of the United State:'} who received awards or honorable mention, are :
W. Kimball & Co., of Chicago, bronze medal, for modern musical instruments.
Professor Julius Leibling, of Chicago, honorable mention for practical musia
MI8CBLLANSOU8.
I respectfully submit the accompanying tables referring to the following subjects;
Population of Florence. — At the close of the fiscal year ended June 30, 1888, the
population of this city amounted to 176,804, as against 175,326 for the preceding
year, showing an increase of 1,578. This increase is due mainly to a decrease of the
number of deaths, as compared with the previous year, in which there appeared 5,038
deaths and but 4,766 births. The year ended June 30, 1888, shows a very slight differ-
ence between the death and birth rate. The number of marriages for the same period
show an increase.
Muuicipal oMiomedutiee of the city of Florence show an increase of $21,832. 49 over
those of the preceding year on the necessaries of life. There are at present eight
gates where these dues are collected, and a ninth will be added this year in the neigh-
borhood of Bellesguando, where many English and Americans reside.
Visiton to galleries and muaeufM show an increase of nearly 30,000 over the num*
ber of the previous year. American artists are admitted free upon presentation of
a consular certificate, and are entitled to all the privileges of sketching^, studying,
or copying granted to native or other foreign artists. The number of certificates fur-
nished gratis by this consulate during the year was fifty-nine.
Loan fnstitutione, — It is gratifying to slate that the business of the pawnbiokera
establishments has decreased during the last year, showing an improvement in the
condition of the poorer classes, and more constant employment.
344
COMMERCtAL RELATIONS.
Sanitarjf inBtitutiont^ ko$pitah, etc — ^The reports from all the public LospitaU io Flor-
Aiico for the year ending June liO, 1888, show a decrease of seven ty-fonr patMiits aad
tbirty-foar deaths as reported for the previoos year. The avera|Te cost per diem for
patioDts at the large hospital of Santa Maria Niioto, which embraces S. Bonifazio, S.
Lacia, the lying-in asylnni and the syphilitic department, is 42 cents each, vhiie at
S. Gioanni di Div, exclusively for males, it is 45 cents. By royal decree, issned March
28, 18;S8, the nyphilitio departments have been abblisbed in connection with the
public hospitals, and a dispensary for snch diseases established in this city,on Octo-
ber 1, 18=8.
It is no doubt true that the death-rate in proportion to {topnlation is high, but
mach of this occurs with very young children, and the reason for it is easily ac-
counted for. lu my last report I callra attention to these causes, and were the facts
pnbltshed the effect would be to allay instead of magnifying the fears of the traveling
public, when comparing the apparent death-rate of this with other Italian cities.
Too much publicity can not be given to the fact that Florence is not a desirable
winter resvlence for persons snnerinjj^ from bronchial or lung diseases dnring the
months of December, January, and February, especially. This is the result of my
personal observations and inquiry, the offlci&l figures not being available. Upon the
various other subjects connected with the institutions, trade, and commerce, and
other matters of interest of the cir^ and the provinces embraced in this consular dis-
trict, the annexed tables will contain fhll ana detailed information.
Isaac R. Diujbr,
CoiumL
United Statrs Consulatk,
Florence, January 11, 1889.
1. — Provinces emhraced in the consular district of Florence, popvlalion, duties eoUeoted,
etc., during the fiscal year 1887-^88.
Fopalft.
tiOD.
Tax on
•plrltA,
beer, etc.
Proceed! of—
rrovlDOea.
Cnstoms
duties.
^farltltne
datlee.
Octroi
duties.
Tobacco.
Lottery.
Klorenoo .......
800, 872
242, 785
461.172
230,144
264 734
2H9, 247
220, «e7
2:^3,486
$22,280.15
5. 808. 03
8,014.04
488.52
2, 974. 28
2,257.68
890.94
224. 80
$388,802.27
$551,085.23
46, 480. 53
835,069.22
114,309.12
79.570.82
108,015.42
70. 319. 63
67.121.48
$1,633,510.05
218,435.85
800, 33a 90
612,208.56
812.089.79
44.5.681.36
854.484.93
200,025.27
$605, 531. 64
49.921.84
197. 674. TO
A rAZKO . ........
Hologns
Furrara
Korll
Mod Ana ..--^,- .
212,831.45
11.261.79
45, 130. 74
40,230.48
70,110.11
$881.50
560.14
09,14&89
64»88I.9S
80. 104. 17
KAveuna
Reg^lo
1, 813. 40
56,367.24
67,141.21
Total (donnular
district)
2, 758, 907
42, 437. 85
787, 884. 85
2, 251. 04
1, 374, 755. 37
4, 600, 773. 20
1,100,768.62
TotAl (Klog^dom
ofltaly)
28.Q31.374
7.002,834.72
43,308,015.84
994.315.15
16.138.640 51
37.523,457.11
15.254,423.07
Averai;e(perlu-
habtt&Dt)
.24
1.49
.03
.55
1.29
.53
2. — Population, births, deaths, and marriages in Florence during the year 1887-'88.
FopnlatioD, eto.
PopiihitioD, July 1, 1887
liiimigratlon up to Jnn«H 30, 1888.
Births, up to June 80, 1888
Total.
Enil^atlou up to Jape 30, 1888
IHjAths up to June 80, 1888 . . ..
Population on June 80, 1888
Number of marriages
Males.
2.285
2,493
4,788
1,451
2,5S8
3,070
Females.
2.880
2,861
4,601
1.613
2,400
4,022
ToUl.
175,326
4,625
4,854
184,805
3,064
4,987
8,001
176^804
1,463
EUROPE — ^ITALY.
845
3. — BuriaUin ihs ProUttant cemetery at Florence during 1887-'88.
Adalts;
Males 27^
Females 24'
Children:
Under 10 years of age:
MaleA 2
Females 6
Stillborn:
MalAS 5
Females '. 1
PcBtos 1
Total 66
Nationality :
United States 5
Great Britain 15
SwitKerland » 6
Gdrmany 2
Netherlan^i 1
Greeoe 1
Italy 36
Total 66
i^—Municipal oustoms dutiee at Florence^ 1887-'88.
Cate-
gory.
I
II ....
in ...
IV....
V
VI....
VII ..
VIII..
X.^L * • • •
X
XI....
Description of articles.
Meats on the hoof and bntchorod
Cereals, flonr, paste
Provisions
Wine, beer, vinegar
Liqnors
Groceries
Forace
Wood, coal, oil, eto
Materials for bnilUing
Timber, metals, eto
SundriM
Total
Duty.
$272.
141,
196.
538,
20,
87,
82,
»7,
16.
11,
238.26
529.72
3S0.03
155. 67
247.21
097.27
938.95
784.72
524.09
447.25
657.81
1,361.001.88
5. — Cu9tom9 dutiee levied at Florence during thefiecal year ISBT-'SS.
Cato-
Kory.
I
II ....
in ...
IV....
V
VI ...
VII...
VIII..
IX ...
X ....
XI ...
XII ..
XIII .
XIV..
XV ..
XVI..
Description of articles.
Spirits, wine, oil, eto
Giocenes and tobaccos
Chemical prodacts, medicines, resin, and perfumeries....
Colors ana articles for dyeing and tanning
Hemp, flax, Jnte, and other vegetable fiber except cotton
Cotton i.
Wool, horse-hair
Bilk
Wood and straw
Paper and boolcs
Hides and skins
Minerals, metals, and other prodnctions
Stones, cia.vBt plates, cImhoh, and crystals
CerealA, flour, paste, and v^getAlile products
Animalrt, products and spoils of animals
SuodriM
Total
Doty.
|9, 005. 46
22,236.62
2,001.50
788.53
8,244.66
118, 814. 80
115,478.97
14,862.49
8,004.30
2,952.81
9, 957. 07
35,530.81
18,6.14.01
166.22
1,264.96
29, 072. GO
388,004.40
346
COMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
tt.— FMtor« to gaUmHei and niUMiimt during 1887-^88.
GilleriM and Bnteumi.
GftUeiUdeglinffiil
Galleria Ptfatisa
OallertA Antica » Moderaa
GallertB degli Araul
Masto NaxTonale
KiisAo di San Ifarlo
llutto dei Larori in pietra dure
Cappelle Hedlote
C«niioolo di FuUkqo
Ceaaoolo Andrea del Sarto
Cenaoolo dd Obirlandalo
Ofltoaoo del Peruglno. ..........
Total
Paying fM.
Adnlto.
87.603
16.318
0.016
2,250
12,648
8,684
25
81,746
1.087
887
185
1,810
111,548
Chfldreo.
640
106
120
47
212
85
1
263
1«481
Inter*
pret«n.
816
215
Frea.
88,426
18.881
8^687
6,126
15,840
6^145
144
8^818
866
163
55
606
108,688
PevmiU
granted
to art-
late.
1,814
1,814
Total
nnmber.
70,1
85,389
17.779
7.432
28,600
14.804
170
80,337
1,303
1,050
210
1,006
218,251
7. — EgparU of works of art from Florenoe during the fiscal year 1887-'88.
Tean and monthai
1887.
Joly.....
August
September
October
XoTerober
December
1888. .
January ...•
February
Ifarcb
April
May
June
Total
MiaoeUaneona artlatio worka—
PreTioaa to the
nineteenth
oentory.
Ko.
80
10
11
151
11
06
5
11
03
42
877
082
0200.00
2.804.00
2,742.60
2.670.20
2,660.00
2,000.00
8,044.00
460.00
2,005.20
1,854.80
1,540.00
1,282.80
28,770.20
Of the nine*
teenth century.
No,
104
7
6
10
6
90
0
27
80
88
4
826
$180
278
140
200
l,86e
1,844
SO
214
884
888
80
6^053
Sculpture— -
Previoaatotbe
nineteenth
century.—
Orlgixuila.
No.
6
8
7
14
10
23
6
4
8
40
18
164
•1,W6
000
006
1,073
820
8.048
2,706
2,020
2.588
1.024
8,406
21,887
Of the nine>
teenth
century.—
Originala.
No.
01
9
78
87
29
97
14
46
36
01
128
79
647
♦i.0»
490
6^857
8,288
1,990
5,889
1,738
4.290
2,873
7,773
11,936
9,506
60), 043
Tean aod months.
1887.
July
Auguat
September...
October
Kovember...
December ...
1888.
January
February....
March .......
April
May
June
ToUl ..
Pioturea—
PieTlona to the nineteenth
oentnry—
Originals.
No.
18
10
14
98
• 84
14
86
40
44
25
24
34
825
0750
24,100
6,fc60
8,460
2,134
876
8,160
2,004
3,340
2,630
2,816
10, 612
66,780
Copies.
No.
4
1
4
050
624
200
874
Of the nineteenth century-
Originals.
No.
261
43
69
44
71
186
96
81
280
153
243
235
1,708
16.600
10,047
4,888
7,582
8,760
0,058
7,010
6.087
80, 236
19.627
18, 155
17,730
156.870
Copies.
No.
190
60
79
100
75
70
137
148
88
228
824
1,187
03.994
4,000
9,821
8,076
5.586
7,708
4.476
8,507
4,644
11,577
0,788
10.430
2,697
77,046
Total.
No.
674
187
240
233
821
402
837
400
632
009
1.031
6,608
016.700.60
43.199.00
23.500.60
26,281.20
24,858.00
29.982.00
21,476.00
27,964.00
64,33&20
46, 882. SO
47.182.00
58^90a80
410^682.20
EUROPE — ITALY.
847
6. — Loan instituiion9 at Flortmoe dnting IddT-'SS.
-
Oljeota
pawned.
Yslne of oMecta
pawned.
ATeraice
Tnlae of
each loan.
Dally arerago.
-
1
1
i
1
1
1
1
i
1
9
1
Ik
a
1
No.
491
466
•
-a
•d
s
1
No,
893
388
1
1
s
1
l8«6-'87
No.
176,787
167, r70
No.
141,811
139, 926
$278, 850. 20 $1,965. 378. 40
236,160.80 249,896.60
$1.C8
1.41
$7.51
6.78
.73
6.91
$n4.6i
656.02
$3,959.38
2, 367. 21
1887-'88
Deereaae
Objects redeemed . . .
9,017
101,062
1.885
130.580
42.008.4p
214, 401. aD
115,979.80
902, 587. 00
.17
1.83
25
447
5
362
118.50
595.56
822.17
2,507.19
9. — Saiiitmry in^titutiom (hospitals) at Florence during the year 1887-^88.
Santa Maria
Knora.
S. Bonlfazio
and S. Lacia.
. AailodI
HatemitA.
Slfili.
oomia
San
Oio-
Tanni
dl
Dio.
Total.
PaUente Jane 80. 1887
MaU.
264
4,180
Fern.
279
2,630
MdU.
138
453
Ftm.
805
466
MaU.
62
249
Fern.
122
1.299
Ftm.
84
290
MaU.
18
818
1,202
9.803
RecelTed up to Jane 80. 1888
Total
4.444
2,909
600
771
801
1,421
833
836
11,095
Discharged, cured or benefited
Died
8.623
558
2,215
419
881
50
884
99
218
87
1,231
72
299
284
86
8.635
1,280
Total
4,181
263
2.634
275
. 440
150
483
288
255
46
1.303
118
299
24
830
16
9,015
9,180
Bemaininfc Jone 80. 1888
•
10. — Staimnent shomng the contagious diseases occurred in the months of July and August,
1888, within the consular district of Florence.
[The population is giren in the first oolnmn after each district.]
Difltricts.
FLOBKKCB.
Florence (545.064) :
July
Aagnst
Plstorlo (100,690):
Jaly
Angost....
Boooa San Gaaolaao (50,231) :
Jaly
Angnst
Sao Miniato (131,268):
Joly
August
Areiio (280,960) :
Jnly
▲ngnat
Commones.
Physicians—
•
•
Diseases.
«i
^
N
a S
i
ti
1
•
9
i
"o
6
^
•
1
i
•
1
-.
i
1
1
•
a
M
1
s
In the
repoi
eases
•c
1
I
1
1
1
e
1
1
88
37
281
103
88
41
116
6
8
7
84
112
825
88
28
281
108
90
66
68
6
16
11
88
801
407
10
6
86
28
16
15
S
8
• • • •
80
1
4
58
10
9
36
86
28
18
8
6
1
36
i
29
93
12,
7
24
14
14
7
8
4
8
6
10
81
13
6
24
14
14
4
• • •«
1
1
1
15
15
87
14
12
61
55
88
13
94
4
8
8
27
63
218
14
11
61
525
87
19
61
1
5
7
62
81
236
40
85
lie
88
60
• • • «
28
78
8
6
61
176
30
377
40
29
110
93
H
• •• •
81
64
8
4
29
156
94
381
34K
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
10. — Statement shoieing contagious disea§e$f etc. — Continoed.
Difttrieta.
* BOLOOlf A.
lioIoKna (354,854) t
July
AiifTust
Iraola (75,963) :
July
AllgUBt
Vencato (62,703) :
July
August
raBBARA.
Fomrft (105,154) :
July
Aufcuat
Ceoto (39,880):
J"|y
August
Comacchio (36,142) :
July
August
FOBU.
Forll (77.789) :
July
August
C«sena (94,660) :
July
August
IUmlnM92,094):
July
August
MODEKA.
Modena (158.107):
July ..•■•■.. >
August
Hlrantlola (71.702):
July
August
Pamllo (69,051) :
July .-..
August...^
HAVEinrA.
Ravenna (86.533) :
July
August
Facnsa (70,057) :
July
August
Lu^o (70,089) :
July
Auguat
BOaiO D'EMJUA.
Ueggio (190.666) :
July
August
Guastalla (06.356):
July
August
Communes.
t
S
39
39
10
10
12
12
6
6
4
4
6
6
9
1^
II
m
17
17
20
20
10
10
15
15
4
4
7
7
7
7
83
83
12
12
29
28
6
4
7
10
5
5
2
8
4
4
8
6
11
4
7
5
Physioiaaa—
15
13
5
6
6
5
3
3
6
7
6
6
II
9
4
3
S
«
J3
Si
« O
216
215
62
62
26
26
87
87
20
20
14
14
34
34
58
56
44
44
98
08
82
32
84
44
42
42
40
40
36
36
95
t«5
30
30
190
194
44
89
21
22
81
81
7
17
11
II
33
29
50
11
26
12
H
93
88
n
26
15
14
12
12
38
40
33
86
62
68
11
6
60
80
13
14
16
13
28
21
2
9
10
11
23
21
23
9
14
11
81
25
6
12
12
7
8
8
40
19
23
19
18
11
5
nioftaiioa
o
Q
28
64
6
0
34
88
2
6
18
15
6
4
11
8
12
16
1
1
4
4
2
7
1
9
24
8
6
6
B
U
O
197
81
26
86
16
34
240
24
4
4
136
316
55
13
23
11
12
10
46
21
6
6
1
9
8
2
1
6
138
80
11
8
5
4
i
16
0
a
1
1
2
2
13
9
1
8
2
2
I
1
I
o
A4
11
18
1
8
8
4
7
4
7
7
7
2
2
8
3
S
2
2
1
1
1
I
6
7
1
12
6
2
2
S
I
I
M
a
so
27
82
81
27
25
84
8
2
8
6
67
47
6
2
173
149
16
2
1
1
12
2
65
87
2
6
12
3
4
5
15
0
68
71
6
11
16
16
>
o
o
55
150
15
82
8
18
82
23
6
2
4
3
8
14
1
1
358
885
67
156
30
2
1
63
85
21
80
12
8
12
5
8
9
7
9
10
81
22
86
33
87
25
32
7
7
412
158
8
818
407
161
143
60
61
47
158
134
15
23
18
82
23
41
47
118
65
65
87
86
EUROPE — ITALY.
849
11.— Pmal in9titut%an$ in Florence duHng 1887-'88.
•
•
Penitentiaries.
Prisons.
•
Murate.
Sta. Ver-
diaua.
Murate.
Sta.
Teresa.
8ta»yer.
diana.
Total.
In Driaon on Ji.lv 1. 1887
MaUt.
275
274
FemaUt.
32
14
46
MaUt.
285
2.163
Malet.
68
1,6»J8
Femalea.
22
207
6K0
Iiiiinuoned up to June 30. 1888..... .......
4,436
ToUl
547
2,448
1,756
310
5.116
Eeleased :
ExDiintioQ of term ....... ...... .......
115
11
21
3
10
13
1,032
*5
1,140
1
8
1,682
270
1
19
3 118
Pai'dooeil
17
Transported to another prinon
Tmnsferred to a lunatlo aevlam
Died
2
1.182
1
5
1
2
16
«
Total
16(1
387
16
30
2,181
267
1.683
73
298
21
4,338
778
Priaoucra on June 30. 1888
Total expenses
$19,328
.16
$1,736
.13
$3,388
.18
$3,053
.13
• $1,113
.13
$38,618
.13|
Average cost for eoob day of imprison -
ment^...r..r..... r......... ..............
12. — Teleffraphio movements in Florence daring thefiecal year 1887'-88.
"
OfiBoes.
Central.
Borgog-
niss-
anti.
Piazza
Cavonr.
.Bourse.
Prefect-
ure.
Ma.
seam.
TotoL
Telegnimssent:
In the kingdom
150,899
20,443
5.245
2,200
5,674
755
2 124
771
793
866
165 101
To foreisn countries.
24. 169
■
Total
171,342
7,445
6,429
, 2.895
793
366
180,270
Teleemms received :
From the kingdom
from foreian oouiitriea...............
135, 100
85.532
488
492
471
236.661
35.532
Total
270, 631
488
492
471
272.083
Proceeds of telegrams :
Within the linicdom
$39,372
19,265
$1,292
2,214
$1,298
787
$891
768
$255
$43,108
22,984
To foteim countries. ..^r..... ........
Total •
58^037
3,506
2,035
1,659
255
66,092
i3»—8ehooU at Florence during the year 1687-^88.
Schools.
Secondary :
Royal lyoeam ''Dante"
Soyal lycenm "Galileo"
Royal gymnasium " Galileo "
Commnnal gymnasium "Dante"....
Technical oommunal :
"Dante" ;.
" Paolo Toscanelll del Pozzo "
"Leon BattiBtaAlberti"
*• San Carlo"
Kormal roy^ :
For males
For females
.,
Classes.
Professors.
Pnpils,
Malet.
Fern,
ifaiM.
Fern.
3
3
6
6
8
8
7
7
82
66
183
126
8
15
8
3
3
3
9
8
9
8
........
186
196
167
202
5
5
10
a
8*
74
'"'200'
1
$5,846
5.007
1,650
4,019
6.531
3,6<'8
4.711
3,600
5.175
4,000
S50
COliMEBCIAL HELATION&
Tl
13. — 8€kooi$ of Flarenoe dtaring the jf«ar 1687-'86 — Continued.
DOiBiOQsS*
ITain-
ber.
XlemestBry:
PabUo-
Gomimiiial daily Mhoolt ...
Communftl SanoAj* aoboola .
ComiDimal erening school*
InAmt Myliuui
PriTAto—
BuiW BohooU
Simaay aobooLi
Broiling sohooU
196
8
8
3
4
3
8
ToAohoxs.
MdU$,
67
8
61
66
jPWm.
184
8
46
PnpUa.
Maiu,
4,798
26
108
716
1,826
1,724
690
1,866
1,711
Annnal
ex-
#80^361
Deeiared value of declared exports from the ootualar district of Florence^ Holy, to
United States during the four quarters of the jfear ending December 31, 18t^.
the
ArOdeib
AlftbMtor •tetoAr J . .
Books
firoDMO •
Cbinawaro
Hoanohold goods ....
Marble statuary
Mosaic goods
Musical Instmments
Oil.oliTO
Pictures
Soap
Skins
Straw goods
Wine
Sundries
Total.
Quarters ending—
Maivb81,
%1888.
6663.96
126.71
207.90
1, 560. 00
8.839.62
660.00
16»073.63
918.70
446, 379. 01
2,265.48
25.20
477, 715. 28
June 80,
1888.
$4,488.71
978.00
1,686.60
107.62
0,884.20
28.112.83
769.00
460.30
605.09
20,889.48
93,976.67
2, 055. 32
328.64
163,022.27
September
80.1888.
$5,942.24
258.14
&V).00
971.92
1,510.86
13,38&24
999.50
58.60
10,296.56
- 441.60
153, 415. 85
2,093.58
458.85
190.679.47
December
81,1688.
$2,923.90
1,886.18
moo
134.58
686.88
13,380.55
1,466.58
10&02
499.60
14, 437. 65
466.60
4,151.81
248,964.16
3,447.61
555.22
292,730.68
Totftlfor
the year.
$14, 66a 83
2,742.98
2,668.08
1,511.92
18,161.38
68. 718. 74
3,885.17
62a 33
1,105.20
61,68&22
1,827.96
4,151.n
942,725.58
9,86106
1.863.91
1,125^648.65
GENOA.
REPORT BY CONSUL FLBTOBER.
«
CUSTOMS RECX1PT8.
The following otatement appears in the official report of the Genoese ohamber of
commerce for i§87 :
The duties collected at the custom-hoaae in Qenoa during the year 1867 amounted
to 99,027,110 lire (|19, 112,232) ; daring the same period the different custom-houses of
the Kingdom collected a total of 170,1^,898 lire (|32,H36,421). In other words, Genoa
coUeoteid a little more than one-half as much revenue as all other custom-houses in
Italy combined. There is a discrepancy between the aboye fignree and those appear-
ing in the table of imports into Genoa, which follows, yet all are copied correctly from
the official report of the Chamber of Commerce.
Any incongruities which may be noticed in the other tables accompanying this re-
port are due to a similar cause.
James Fi«btchkr,
Coueuk
Umiticd States Consulate,
Qonoat Italf, December 27, 1888.
EUROPK — ITALt.
351
ImporU at GeMOf Italy, for the year ending December 31, 1887.
Description.
Qnantity.
Value en>
tcred.
Amount of
duties.
Countries whence imported.
AloohoL llfluora. oil. ......••.
31,209,514
109,854,487
34,302,370
10,158,581
7,442,571
52,625.267
4,007,484
24,228
17,380,778
428,026
0,454,187
136,708,815
1,258,195,017
874. 804, 457
&0,23(»,489
329,021
DoUart.
2,052,201
11,724,470
4,017,827
1,197,547
886,346
13,234,380
8,262,023
374,247
1,515,792
117,412
2.832,096
6,856,586
6,067,862
16,837.887
4,246,850
660.093
DoUan.
1,842,419
14,258,397
89^985
29,128
88,2:5
8, 777, 797
158,285
, 17,275
. 9.906
6,467
28,509
609,445
30,739
1,427,528
192,431
25.485
America, England. France,
Germany, Belgium, and
Russia.
America, England, Franoe,
Germany, Austria, and
Russia.
America, England, France.
Germany, Belgium, and
Russia.
America, England, Franle.
Germany, Turkey, and
Asia.
England, Franoe, Germany.
Belgium, and Asia.
America. Rnoland. Prani're.
Coffee, drags, tobaooo
Chemicals, medloinala
Colors and tanning material . .
Flax, hemp, and Jute
Cotton
Wool and hair....—...
Germany, Spain, Asia, and
Africa.
AmericlK England, France,
Germany, Austria, and
Belgium.
England, France, Germany,
Austria, and Switserland.
America, England, France,
Germany, Auatria, and
Belgium.
Englimd, France, Geimany,
Austria, and Belgium.
America. Bo eland. France.
Silk
Wood and straw. ■■■.»■......
Paoer and iKwks ^..^......^t
Hides and skina
Minerals, metals, and works
oL
Stonea, fflaMea, etc..........
Germany, Austria, Belgi-
um, and Asia.
America, England, France,
Germany. Austria, Bel-
gium, and Spain.
America, England, France.
Germany, Austria, and
Belgium.
America, England. France.
Germany, Auatria, and
Russia.
America, England, Franoe,
Germany, Belgiam, and
Spain.
America, England, France.
Germany, Austria, and
Switserland.
Grain and Tegetablea
Animals and spoils of
Sondriea...
^
Total, 1887
2,074.600.692
1,850.682,091
75, 283, 136
08, 141, 305
22,627,006
11,283,896
TnAreaiiA, 1887 r***^.-
22^918^601
7,141,831
11,843,110
■
352
COMMERCIAL BKLATI0N8.
MxparU from Genoaf Italy, for the yeav ending December 31, 1887.
DaMription.
Alcohol, liquors, <rtl
Coflbe, drugs, tobacco ,
CbemicaU and modioLoAls
Colors and tanning materials . . . .
Fl4z, liemp,aud Jule
Cotton
Wool, hair
Silk
Wood, straw
Paper, books
H1do4 nod skins
Minerals, oietalp, etc
Stone, glass, etc
Grain and vegetablos
Ammalaand Bik»ilsof
Sundries
Total, 1M7 ,
Total. 16ii6
Decrease, 1887
Qaaiitit3%
KUogramt.
30,454,1<}7
1,014,109
2,812,767
1, 205, 680
1,660,092
8, 008, OSO
235,043
69.015
6, 482, 658
3, 006, 274
027,823
0,106,710
14, 048, 725
37,746,211
3, 756, 768
828.950
] 15, 060.5^0
141,179,878
2Q, 119, 348
Value, in-
olndiiig costs
and cbargea.
«3, 641, 248
323,348
568.056
98,666
778,593
1,212.282
538,171
1,083,947
378, 195
636,436
639,212
715,296
368,074
2, 422, 154
1, 379, 775
1, 033, 375
IS, 713, 828
19, 639, 637
3,925,8V9
Countrios irhither exported.
Ger-
Ger-
Ger.
Ger-
Anierica^ Engl.ind, Fi-auce,
many, Spain, and Turkey.
America, England, France,
many, Holland, and Turkey.
America, J^ugland. Fiaucis,
many, Greece, and Turkey.
America, Knglsnd. .France,
many. Switkerl»nil,«nd Greece.
America, £ii;ilai>d, France, Ger-
many, Austria, and Africa.
Amerioa, England. France, Ger-
many, Anstrla, and Belgium.
America, France, and Belgium.
America, Franco, and Afnca.
America, EiigUind. Frauce,
many, Belgium, nud Greece.
America^ £uglanil, France,
many, Spain, and Ilulland.
America, England, Franco,
many, Tnrkey. and Asia.
America, England, Franco,
many, Austratis, and Bclj;iam.
America, England, Fmuoe, Gor-
mauy, Belgium, and Asia.
America, England, I>^uco,
manv, Holland, and Turkey.
America, England. Franoe,
many, Spain, and AfVica.
America, England, Fiance,'
many, Turkey, and Gieece.
Ger-
Ger-
Ger-
Ger-
Gcr-
Gcr-
Got-
Navigation at the port of Genoa, Italy , for the year ending December 31, 1887.
Flag.
Italian
English
Austrian
French
German
Greek
Other nationalities
Total
Coasting :
Italian
Other nationalities
Grand total
Entered.
Steamers.
No.
516
1,031
1
274
78
10
130
2,040
603
29
2,072
Tofit.
672, 250
1, 161, 365
443
225,440
105, 149
7, 128
92, 961
2, 104, 742
264, 764
20, 853
2, 440. 359
Sailing vessels.
No.
304
37
18
3
1
22
35
420
2,044
5
2,460
Tons.
123, 155
9, *J82
9,727
296
984
7,176
9,166
100,480
143,320
1,354
Cleared.
Steamers.
No.
424
62
1
294
29
2
23
835
624
278
805,166 1,737
Tom.
467,851
53,709
256
256, 421
59,464
1, 247
14, 078
853,086
301.075
247, 518
1, 401, 679
Sailing Tossela.
No.
106
9
«
1
1
14
187
744
12
Tont.
88,758
926
8,652
473
212
2,961
46,981
14,406
8.467
94,886
EUBOPE — ^ITALY.
353
DECLARID BXPORTS,
The declared value of exporU from the disirid of Genoa to the United States during the
four quarteri of the year ended September 30, 188&.
ArtielM.
AnohoTlM
Barrels, empty
Books, printed.
BraDdy
Cattle-bair
Gbeene
Cherries
Chestnut, extntet of
Citron, candied
Cloths, ornamental
Cotton waste and bagginic.
lanhenwarea
Fernet
Filigree
Fiah, salted
Furniture and Unen used..
Glyoerine, crude
Gum, arabic
Hazlenuts
Hemp
Hides and skins
Liqnors
Licorice
Marble
Medioinals
Mushrooms
OliTeoil ^
Olives
Paste
Pianos and organs
Planta
BiM..
Safiroi
Saiiron
Sauaages
SeedfCanazy ....
Silk, taw
Soap
Talc
Towels
Umbrellas, silk
Velret
Vermouth
Wine
Wooden ware...
Works of art...
Miscellaneous..
Total export, 1888
Total export, 1887
Increase
Quarter ending—
DeoemLor
81, 1887.
$904.58
March 81,
1888.
June 80,
1888.
$500.00
124.03
7,068.82
1,765.74
969.63
25,845.04
359.75
2,380.t>0
577. 37
2,252.88
34.268.49
3, 583. 28
285.12
"mio
11,047.03
"*9,'974."8i'
2,721.66
'■'503.'62
28, 015. 40
216.06
1,454.60
063.60
282.00
738.80
8.669.29
17,870.66
157,788.23
145.760.26
12,016.97
1,704.88
60.00
1,833.01
30.024.88
1,632.13
1,331.90
1,892.58
199.00
32, 017. 31
1,643.82
55.16
179.51
40.80
14, 300. 25
216.36
9,842.68
19.60
3,989.75
59.40
822.60
28. 81b. 60
1, 386. 47
684.60
845.80
206.20
2,265.20
4.242.09
68.34
670.61
86,133.68
176,683.05
132 467. 76
44,226.30
$409.02
441.37
4, 517. 04
256.52
11,664.17
414.20
34,782.63
203.66
1, 279. 15
d0&40
13, 082. 70
7.590.78
3,194.74
395.00
12,280.66
4,739.90
265.90
887.19
'632.'48'
40,439.40
1,238.06
826.00
704.45
8,053.05
274.27
18, 890. 68
157,906.06
116.935.19
41,069.87
September
80,1888.
$93.15
179. 82
966.86
1,436.33
13,932.96
524.00
28^067.41
176.20
13, 937. 16
7.324.66
5,292.88
222.60
70.00
132.60
1, 676. 85
20,648.06
6, 159. 62
142.00
1,080.95
"ml 08
47,094.80
882.78
419.60
828.20
1,367.16
917.61
225.00
43,881.37
198,202.88
140.719.34
67,482.99
Total for
the year.
$904.58
600.00
626.20
170.82
441.37
14, 857. 60
315. 62
5,025.08
26, 566. 76
938.20
119, 390. 96
203.56
1,991.88
5, 168. 05
2,778.35
2.451.88
93,305.66
20,042.43
55.16
285.12
5. 292. 88
3,873.26
70.00
132.50
40.80
2,171.85
68^ 282,78
216.36
30,717.02
^ 407.90
19.60
8,679.55
59.40
1,687 18
322.60
143,865.20
3. 724. 22
8,304.70
1,509.40
282.00
1,738.85
4, 861. 16
11,882.04
53.34
1,160.88
110,784.19
690,68&67
634.891.64
156,695.13
United States Consulate,
Oenoaj December 31, 1887.
James Fletoheb,
Consul.
liBGHOBN.
JUIPORT BY CONSUL SARTOBI.
I have the honor to nnbrnit to the Department my annual report on the trade and
commerce of the port of Leghorn for the year ending December 31, 1887. The cham-
ber of commerce of Leghorn doea not pablish the annual returiis until late in the fol-
lowiug year, bo the moat recent retoriis available of the general trade of the port are
those of the year 1887.
10611 O E 23
354 COMMEBOIAL BELATIONS.
Petroleam shows a decrease in anantity of 21,100 gallons, and an increase in valne
of ^,148.08 as compared with the year 188t. The daties on this article are un-
changed, viz, abont 35 cents per gallon, besides which thera is an octroi tax of 4
cents per eallon. The market price here, dnty paid, is about $4.55 per case of say 10
gallons. At the close of the year 1888 there were only 1,500 cases in store here.
The municipality of Leghorn has recently granted to Messrs. Nobel Brothers, of
Batonm and St. Petersburg, the privilege of mailing a tank on a quay in this port for
the deposit of Russian i>etroleum. The space granted comprises abont 2,255 meters,
and the annual rent is 4,500 francs. They have already commenced the construction
of their works, which will probably be completed by the summer, and they propose
to bring their petroleum here in bulk and t^ make on their premises the cases and
cans, having already ordered the machinery necessary for the purpose in the United
States. I understand that similar works have already been constructed at other
Italian sea-ports. The municipality in granting the above privil^e reserved the
right to grant similar requests to other companies, and it might be well for our ex-
porters to adopt the same conrse. At all events it would be wise fbr them to give
this their attention. At present the superiori ty of pur refined petroleum is universally
conceded, but the difference iu price may enable the Russians to obtain a footing here
from which it may prove difficult to dislodge them. Besides this there is a great deal
of mixing the oils being done here^ which should be looked into.
The annual exports from this port to the United States are forwarded at the end of
each fiscal year, in compliance with the new consular regulations. Form No. 20.
NAVIGATION.
During the year 26 steamers and 13 sailing vessels cleared from this port for the
United States, as follows : Steamers, with general cargo, 23 for New York, 1 for New
York and Boston, and 1 for Boston. One in ballast for New York.
Sailing vessels (general cargo) : 12 for New York and 1 for Philadelphia.
Durinj; the same year, 29 steamers cleared from Rio Marina, Elba, with iron ore,
viz, 14 for Philadelphia, 13 for Perth Amboy and 2 for Baltimore.
DECaSABB IN MARBLE EXPORTS.
•
Mr. Boccaoci, the consular agent at Carrara, reports that the expiration of the
commercial treaty between France and Italy, which took place on March 1, 1888. and
the scarcity of vessels to load for the United Statos and consequent high rates of
freight, have caused a decrease in the exportations frt>m that district of 40,162 tons
of marble as compared with the year 1887. During the year 1888, 156,929 tons of
marble were produced in the districts of Carrara and Massa, an increase of 2^737 tons
over the previous year.
WEATHER.
The weather throughout Italy during the past year was very favorable for all kind*
of crops, particularly grapes and olives, of which the yield has been much above the
average, and lower pnces should be looked for.
TRADE.
The conditions of trade here remain the same. Most of the purchases made by our
merchants are made through commission houses (of which there are a large number
here) by means of open letters of credit, the consular invoice and bills of lading serv-
ing as a basis for th6 draft. During the past year there were several heavy £ilures
amoug the bankers here, and credit was a good deal shaken. With the exception of
petroleum, grain, and tobacco such of our manufactures or merchandise as find their
wav into this market, filter in through France, England, and Germany. As I have
called attention in my previous reports, I believe there is a market here for American
goods, but to effect bnsine8S agents with samples must be sent out.
ELBA IRON MINES.
The contract for the iron ore of the mines at Elba expired on June 30, 1888, and was
renewed by the Government for two years fix>m July 1, 1888. The output is limited
to 180,000 tons per annum, of which only one-half can be exported, the other being
reserved for consumption in the Kingdom of Italy.
POPULATION OF LEGHORN.
On December 31, 1888, the population of the city of Leghorn was estimated at
102,893 inhabitants. There were 2,237 deaths during the year (1,112 males and 1,125
females) iind 2,784 births (1,439 males and 1,345 females). There were 835 marriages.
EUBOPE — ITALY.
355
EMIOBATION.
The emigration, prinoipally temporary, amooDted to 2,171 (1|114 males and 1,057
females), and the immigration 2;799 (of whioh 1,414 were males and 1,385 females).
Victor A. Suitori,
Consul.
Unttbd States Consulate,
Ughom, Italy, March 2b, 1889.
Imparts at Leghamy Italy , far the year ending December 31, 1887.
BeMTiptioD.
Alcohol and other spirits . . gallons . .
Acids
Beer gallons..
Books
Bran bushels..
Coffee poauds..
Chicory do....
Confectionery iJid preserves .do ... .
Cotton, raw do....
Copper • do....
Cements
Coal tons..
Com bushels..
Citrons pounds..
Cheese do....
Coral
Drugs and medicines
Byes, paints, etc
Inonr pounds..
Froit, dried, etc
Fish tons..
Grease and wax
Hair ...iMunds..
Hides
Haberdashery
Jute, raw iwonds.
Jewelry ^....
Iron ,^ M.
Lead
Mineral waters gallons. ,
Manafsctores of Jute and nemp —
Manufactures of cotton
Manufactures of wool
Manufactures of silk....
Machinery
OllTe^il..* gallons..
Oil, cottonseed do —
Oil, mineral and others do. . . .
Oats bushels..
Oil, palm, and cocoa gallons..
Paper
Bios pounds..
Suffar
Spioes
Soap pounds..
Starch pounds..
Seed do....
Tea do...
Tobacco do...
Quantity.
40,039
27,000
47,092
2,425,253
564^433
62,187
00.443
1. 020, 531
1,530,408
280,314
370,308
171, 303
290.117
1,002,400
'*"'i2,"i20
"*i07.'080
6, 526, 160
11,345
140,490
188,827
2,000,047
357. 081
140,542
2,001.500
Wine gallons..
Wool, raw pounds..
Wood and ntensils thereof
Wheat bushels.
Total. ....^
203.060
380.307
8,768,048
8.872
0, 528, 830
72.242
1,440,732
3,501,112
Yslue entered.
140,
8.
3.
8,
25,
424,
7,
10,
103,
101,
M.
1,239.
104,
12,
40.
23,
837,
174.
27,
140.
1,400,
101.
24,
540,
257,
268.08
839.20
676.68
197.10
789.85
636.76
843.00
146b 05
743.53
114.91
820.73
327.21
939. tM)
425.06
793.19
761.02
484.24
092.25
382.83
730.40
204.70
104.99
373.25
332.47
67a 18
758.58
169. 262. 73
1,381,113.42
1,199,249.64
05,806.00
5,673.43
835,848.40
074,200.60
537,042.53
119. 155. 88
337,681.29
119,960.88
94.734.24
522, 594. 78
182,524.83
87,614.28
20, 375. 13
82,528.02
566,727.90
70. 502. 82
22,962.71
20,785.90
196,926.77
3,883.16
092,686.81
41,224.63
26^120.42
269. 077. 51
52.437.32
2,856,488.50
16,365,467.42
Countries whence imported.
France and England.
England.
Germanv and Engluid.
Englana, France, and Tunis.
Russia and Egvpt.
England and America.
Switzerland, Belgium, and England.
England and France.
France and England.
Do
England and France.
Do
England.
America and Tnrkey.
France, Qreece, and Malta.
Holland.
France.
Euffland, France, and Germany.
France, England, and Algiers.
France.
France and Tunis.
England and France.
France, Engkmd, and Germany.
France.
India, England, France, and Egypt-
England, Belgium, Germany, and
France.
England and India.
France and Switzerland.
England, Holland, France, Egypt,
and Germany.
France.
Do.
France and England.
England.
England and Fcanoe.
France.
Engliind.
Tunis, Tripoli, and France.
America, France, and England.
Do.
Russia, Tunis, Tripoli, and Turkey.
France, England, and Germany. *
England.
Germany and England.
England, Germany, and Egypt.
England.
Frfuice, England, and Tunis.
England and Belgium.
Inula.
England.
America, England, Belgium, and
Germany.
England.
France and Austria.
France, RusHia, aud Turkey.
France and England.
Russia, Turkey, and India.
356
COMBCERCUL BELATIONS.
ExporUfrom Leghorn, Italy , for the year ending Deeemher 31, 1887.
Description.
▲labMicr tons.
▲cids
Antimony pounds.
Books
Cheese pounds.
Confectionery and preserves . do . . .
Coral do . . .
Drugs and medicines
Dyes, paints, etc
Eees pounds
Furniture
Fruit, dried, etc.
Hemp, raw pounds..
Hair do
Hides
Haberdashery
Iron
Jewelry ,
Mineral waters
Hannfacturi'S of Jutn and hemp
If anufactures of cotton
Manufactures of wool
Manufactures of silk
Mercury pounds.
Marble tons...
Marble in slabs do...
Marble works do...
Meatsand poultry
Olive-oD gallons.
Paper
Bags
Rice
Soap pounds..
SillL, raw do
Straw do
Stiawhats number..
Statues
Tobacco i.
, Wine gallons..
Wool, raw pounds..
Wood and utensils thereof
Total
Quantity.
49
11,025
210, 970
3,639,382
847, 718
2,538,400
0, 071. 235
32,830
803, 698
7,646
6,573
11,548
053, 970
2, 144. 033
19, 988
89, 090
778, 332
295.146
147,970
Value, inolnd'
ing coats and
charges.
$1,186.37
294,385.21
2,412.50
6,202.88
30,075.38
681, 744. 62
635,49L29
505, 93a 57
72,60&14
282.570.02
73,136.42
398,91.'>.56
106. 01& 52
634,494.44
8,046.36
397, 947. 27
92.226.69
66, 348. 75
87, 8<H. 66
1,592.82
142,780.88
20, 2H4. 68
73,354.23
27, 374. 15
284, 902. 74
98,800.66
156,729.38
663,026.12
264,467.67
923, 973. 02
66.538.57
185, 031. 18
22,373.71
122, 762. 30
80, 747. 14
29,666 25
800, 436. 15
82, 069. 39
12,762.66
71,361.15
46,222.34
72,478.18
Coantclea whither exported.
Belgium, Germany, and Holland.
Germany, England, America, and
Belj£ium.
England and France.
America, France, and England.
America, Egypt, France, England,
and HoUana.
America, Holland, and Germany.
India and Egrpt.
America, France, Turkey, and
Switzerland.
Belgium, France, and Tnrkey.
France.
France, England. Holland, and Bg;^t.
Bgypt, France, Tunis, and Tripoli.
England, America* Belgium, and
Holland.
France and England.
England.
England and Belgium.
America and England.
Spain and Tunis.
England.
England and Egypt.
England and France.
Algeria, Turkey, and Tunis.
France.
France and Tnrkey.
England.
America, Germany, England, Hol-
land, and Russia.
England. Busaia, Turkey, and
America.
England, Egypt^ America^ RnaaiA,
and Hollano.
France.
England, America, and France.
Greece and Tnrkey.
America, France^ Gexmany, Eng-
land, and Egypt.
England and RuasiiL
America.
Egypt and Tunis.
America uid ITranoe.
America and England.
Do.
France.
France, Egypt, Bnglaad, and
America.
France and England.
France.
8.026,680.73
Imports at Leghorn from the United States for the year ending Deoember 31, 1888.
Articles.
Tobacco pounds.
Petroleum gallons.
Oldooppor 1p«uSS:
Timber pieces.
OKI
Machinery packages.
Hog hair bales.
Staves number.
Total
Total for preceding year.
Increase,
Quantity.
10,980,400
2, 874, 440
29,662
87
6,206
199
50
83,200
Valne.
11.065,066.06
268»G97.8a
164.280.00
12.09L68
6.633.58
7,935.00
1,500.00
1,200.00
1,527.404.08
1,201,230.44
286,178.64
EUROPE — ITALY.
357
Declared exparU from the consular diatriot of Carrara to the United States of America
for the year ending December 31, lb88.
Articles.
Blocks marble « —.
Sawed marble .«
Worked marble
Statues
Marble tiles
Paiuioe-atODe
Miacellaxieoas
Total ,
Decrease
Total of exportation in 1887 (gold)
Yalae.
$155,491.08
6^083.77
5,555.56
89.0-^1.85
673.61
4, 222. 65
1,711.62
2u2, 710. 14
16, 516. 58
279.220.67
Navigation at the port of Leghorn , Italy f for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Austrian ..
Britisb....
Belgium...
Danisb....
Datcb
Frencb....
German...
Greek
Italian ....
Korwegiui
Rosdian ...
Swedish...
Spanish ...
Tarkieh...
Tonisian ..
nag.
i Marseilles . . .
Philadelphia.
Girgenti
Total
Entered.
Steamers.
No.
7
829
11
8
80
243
31
7
1,281
6
5
4
1,912
Tong.
2,940
322,839
8,826
4,506
22.080
87, 176
33, 365
4,0110
678, 881
8,602
d, not)
6,535
1, 178, 647
Sailing vessels.
No,
3
20
1
2
1
7
1,081
5
1
6
1
1
1.130
Tons.
2,254
4,175
142
167
505
1,016
83,750
1,998
518
850
216
46
331
96,868
Cleared.
Steamers.
No.
7
832
11
8
30
243
31
7
1.228
6
5
4
1,912
Tons.
2,949
328, 118
8,826
4,596
22,980
87,176
33.365
4.040
667,381
3,602
3,858
5,635
1, 172, 426
Sailing yessels.
No.
2
25
1
2
1
7
1.092
5
6
1
1
1
1,145
Tons.
1,200
4,996
142
167
505
1,700
84,750
1,996
850
216
46
86
331
96,936
lilCATA.
Imports at Licata for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Description.
Com tons.
Coal do..
Coffee do..
Iron do..
Petroleum gallons.
Rice tons.
Sugar do .
Timber do..
Sundries do..
- Do do..
Quantity.
Value
entered.
Amount
of duties.
750
13,500
24
45
$22,600
67,500
9,600
135
138,830
1,487
2,700
63,715
12,300
2,620
$7,350
6,920
52,944
35
20
800
536
89
60,700
700
3.600
6,2G0
7,350
1.760
Whence imported.
Russia.
Eneland.
Do.
Iluly.
United States.
England.
Do.
Austria.
Enf^land.
France.
358
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
ExportafKym Lioatafor the year ending December Zl, 1888.
DMoriptton.
Brimstone ^ tons..
Do J do...
Do do...
Bo do...
Do do...
Do do...
Do do...
Do do...
Do ^.......do. ..
Beans ; do...
Do : do...
Do. ....... .....a..... ..................... do...
SaH sMrdiaea do...
Sundries do...
Quantity.
28»881
14,022
12,068
6.724
4,158
1,803
610
630
9,125
1.750
650
375
8
800
Talae, in-
cladjng costs
andchsrgee.
$600,739.29
245,385.00
826.863.80
117.670.00
72,765.00
81,685.00
11,025.00
9, 275. 00
186,875.00
68,700.00
20,790.00
9,02&00
1,489.00
27,850.00
Cooatxies wbitiier
ported.
United Statae.
Russia.
Fnmoe.
PortngaL
Germany.
Spain.
Austria.
England.
Italian Continent.
PortoicaL
Spain.
Great Britain.
Do.
Imports and exports between the United States and the port of Lioatafor the year 1888.
Articles.
Tatue^
Imports t
Petroleum '. gallone..
Exports:
Brimstoiie « .....tons..
1158^830.00
800. 731. ^9
Navigation at the port of Licata for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Fromortfr—
Entered.
Cleared.
nag.
Steamers.
Sailing
vetsels.
Steamers.
Saaing
yeaeela.
British
Great Britain
No.
44
Torn.
8dt,432
No.
8
Tom.
631
No.
1
11
8
7
17
1
2
3
8
Horn.
666
13,615
6,220
•6,520
12,411
726
1,892
8,050
1,900
No.
1
Tons*
163
•
United States
France
,
RiiHsia
• • • •
3
Other countries
468
Belgiso .••....*•...
Dsnish..... ........
Belsinm
1
2
6
726
1,302
4,050
Italy to Russia ....^...
• • •
1
¥*rench ......•••...
France and Ituly
1
260
350
Other countries
German.. ..■>.... ..
Italy
6
4,021
Purtu|;al
1
1
2.
07
1,042
646
8,233
88.017
Russia
—
Other countriea ..............
Italian ports
101
39,472
414
81,398
347
22
6
5
85
11,757
United States
14,647
1.335
France
2
676
Russia
1.679
Other countries ..............
3
780
1,980
Norweirlaii. .•••... .
Italy
4
1.917
Portniral
2
2
1,038
670
* ■ •
France
finssian ........... .
Enicland
1
444
•
Germany..........
1
25
**"*444
Other flam. ...... ..
■'^
2
980
25
6,300
2
980
5,300
U. 8. Consular Aohncy,
lAcatat July, 1889.
Arthur Ybrdbramb, .
Consular AgenU
EUROPE — ITALT,
359
TRAPANI,
Imp&rU and exports between Trapani and the United States during the year ended De-
cember 31, 1886.
Articles.
Imports.
Exports.
Quantity.
Value.
Qaantity.
Value.
Marine nalt .................................. tons....
89,787
2,098
$91. 047. 56
Marsala wine eallons ....
1, 831*33
,
Production of the province of Trapani for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Articles.
Quantity.
Average
price.
Articles.
Quantity.
Average
price.
Almonds. ............ tona . .
250
2,800
6,000
60
400
$249.00
33.50
34.50
67 00
69.00
Oats tons..
Olive oU do ..
Marine salt do...
Wheat do...
Natural wine frallons. .
4,600
3,000
220, 000
45,000
165, 000. 000
$36.00
Beans do...
Canary seed do...
Linseed .............. .do. . .
140.00
2.00
45.00
.25
United States Consular Aoenct,
Trapani, July^ 1889.
Leonardo Manone,
Consular Agent.
MESSrN'A,
Imports at Messina for the year ending December 31, 1888.
Description.
Alcohol ...bsctoliters..
Artiflcial flowers kilos..
Barley do....
Baric (dyeing purposes) do —
Barrels, new and old hectolitera . .
Bottles nunil»er..
Butter kilos..
Bran ...: do —
Bricks do —
Beer hectoliters. .
Books kilos..
Brasa. copper, eto do
Cattle number..
Cacao kilos..
Candies and preserves do
Carbonate of soda do —
Cabinet-wood do....
Com do....
Coal .' tons..
Coffee kilos..
Clocks number..
Citron In brine kilos. .
Cotton goods do
Cement do....
Cheese do —
Candles do....
Chemicals do
Chlorate of lime do
Coloring extracts do....
Cocoons do
Cordage do
Quantity.
96
368
246, 137
1, 991, 717
11, 012
30,371
637
4,847
87,1]2
207
589
168,612
109
1,036
1,884
17.960
6,280
8,000
61,124
153.682
67
22,600
270.896
886,648
65, 650
13, 774
4.754
7,071
15, 309
2,879
4,707
Value
eutered.
$3,080
911
7,127
84,500
12,756
1,167
291
80
289
1,860
4,093
34,672
6,776
400
4G8
505
681
115,830
271, 400
59,336
401
1,745
204,155
9,414
21,545
3,380
558
287
4,506
4,822
1,136
Countries whence imported.
Austria, France, and Belgium.
'Austria, Prance, and Grormauy.
Russia and Turkey.
Austria, France, and Turkey.
Austria, France, and Egypt.
Austria, Germany, and England,
l^'rance and England.
Turkey. *
England.
France, Austria, and Oorraany.
Do.
Belgium, England, and France.
Turkey.
England.
France and Germany.
France and England.
France and Germany.
France.
England and Malta.
England, France, and Holland.
Austria, France, and Germany.
Greece.
England, France, and Germany.
England. France, aud Austria.
France, England, and Switeerland.
France, Austria, and Germany.
Austria, France, and Germany.
France.
Austria, France, and Germany.
Greece.
France, England, and Befginm.
36a
GOBIMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
ImpwrU at Meainafor ike year ending Deoember 31, 1888— Continued
DMcrlptloii.
Canstio soda kilM.
Dates do...
Earthenware. do...
EsMucea do...
Fi«h do...
Flour do ..
Fmite, in TioeKar and brine do . . .
Koathers do...
Fumitnre .do...
Grain, com. oata do...
Onna, piHtoIa number.
6un(K>w(ler. klloa.
Olasaware do...
Greaao do...
Gam elaatic do...
Gnras do...
HAir, of allklnda do...
llidea, raw do...
IlifIeK, tnnnpfl and varnUhml — do. . .
Hemp and other vej^ei able fibers. do. . .
Hempand Jute, tiaauea of do...
Hata..... do...
Ice do...
Iron, load, stno (oxide) do...
Indigo do...
Jute, flax (raw) do ..
Lacen do...
Leathrrboltioj( do...
Leather do...
Lookin j^-gUtwes do...
Manures do...
Matlioiuatical inatmraenta do...
Muaical instramenta do.^.
Mineral water do...
Medicinala do...
Mercury do...
Oila (fixed) do...
Oilcloth do ..
Pdper (white) do...
Paper (wall) do...
Petroleum do...
Priataand lithograpba do...
Pepper and apicea do. . .
Palm oil do...
Pianos number.
Porcelain kiloa.
Quinine .t do...
K«.>flned nitrate of aoda and potaah do. . .
Rice — do...
Sa?ar do...
Soap do..*.
Silverware do...
Steamenginea do ..
Stone for bmlding do...
Starch do...
t^etU do...
Stearic acid do...
Rnongea do...
Silka do ..
Straw Kooda do...
Straw hata do ..
Steel and iron do...
Tar do...
Velvets do...
Wax do...
Wine :
In caaka hectolitera.
In bottles
Wineleea
Wood
Wool (raw)
AVoolen gooda
Window glaaa
Wheat
Other artidea
Total
QnaoUty.
854, SM
12, 502
43.932
416
1,724,838
1,231,827
1,856
7
20,017
3, 875, 206
491
1.330
07.434
18d,051
1,156
1,165
6.898
493,856
29,491
863, 972
17. 928
3,827
800,000
14,884
194
03,123
1,738
946
1,225
8,291
21,700
4,488
307
2,362
1,099
10,960
58.004
577
14, 420
12,529
1, 147, 028
750
28,991
80.544
49
84.652
77
91,493
11. 725
10,690
1,369
43
240, 378
2.004.864
28. 101
16. 101
8,514
1,238
1.737
1,207
8,036
1, 814, 726
4.157
3,304
449
1,502
1,241
5,080
8,266,650
506
4.859
165, 575
25,749,475
Talae
entered.
$30,800
2,877
1,357
803
200,000
68,000
180
405
7,790
71,620
5,687
1,283
13.138
18.387
*2,227
12,401
8,404
16.276
47, 621
21.079
13,373
4.432
618
1,005
600
89.500
8,478
1,187
947
1,334
4.190
14,730
20.743
296
666
20.000
8,900
390
2,899
4,213
43. 858
2,100
10.625
4.717
6,000
11,268
966
6,829
688
1,000
1,278
2,520
75, 150
23.222
3,307
933
1,808
114
20.664
530
610
190,000
2,568
5,824
252
10.148
719
1,612
706,692
195
83,000
7,481
994.188
168,979
8,922,665
Coontrlee whence imported.
▲natria and England.
Tnnia and Malta.
▲nstria, Fraooe, and England.
Anatria and England.
France, Korway, and England.
RU'Via, Tnrkej, and America.
Anatria, France^ and England.
Germany.
Anttaia, France, and England.
Roaaia, Tunis, Turkey.
Anstria and fWice.
England.
Belgiam, Anstria^ and Fraaoe.
Austria. Germany, and England.
France, Germany, and Austria.
France and Ejcypt
Austria, I'unls, and France.
Anatria. Germany, and France.
France and Algeria.
Anstria, Belgium, and Switaerland.
Austria, France, and Germany.
Norway.
Fr.mce. Belgium, and England.
England.
BelKiiim, Austria, and England.
Fmnoe, England, and Germany.
Ensland and Belgium.
Ruaaia, Greece, and Turkey.
France and Austria.
Auatria and Unifed Statea.
Anatria and Prance.
Germany and France.
Anstxia and France.
France. England, and United States.
France, (Germany, and England.
England and France.
England.
Holland and France.
Austria, Fri^nce, and Germany.
United Statea and France.
Auatria, France, and Germany.
France. Turkey, and England.
France, Holland, and England.
Germany and Anatria.
Anatria, France, and Germany.
England and France.
Germany, England, and Belgium.
India.
England and Anatria.
France, Germany, and England.
Anatria, Ctormany, and England.
Do.
France and Belgium.
Germany, Belgium, and England.
Holland, Esypt, and Rn.«wia.
England, Belgium, and Holland.
Hollnnd, Malta, and Gi'eece.
France, Germany, and Greece.
France, Germany, and England.
Do.
Belgium, Holland, and England.
A natria and England.
England, Germany, and Austria.
Do.
Turkey.
France and Germany.
France.
Norway, England, and Auatri*.
Malta and Egypt.
England and Germany.
England, Germany, and Belgium.
Russia and India.
Different countriee.
EUROPE — ITALY.
B61
Esq^orU from MeiHna far the year ending Deoeniber 31, 1688.
Description.
QiiAntity.
Aloes and other Tegelable medioinala,
kilos.
Almoods kilos..
Barrels, new and old heotoliters..
Brimstone • kilos..
Cordage do....
Cheese do....
Chestnats do
Bmpty sacks do
Bssenoes do....
Figs, dried do....
Stnit:
In vinegar and brine do....
Dried* do....
Fresh froit. do....
Fish, in piokle do
Grain : ...do....
Hair of all kinds do. . . .
Herbs do....
Hides, raw do
Lioorioe • do
Lemon jnioet
Baw do
Concentrated...... ........do....
Manna do
Macsroni.«..»»»«..»»»..«.»>»»..dOy ...
Mannres do
OUveoil -do....
Oranges and leuMms, fresh and in
brine .^.kllos..
Do « do....
Do do....
Do ...a. .................... do....
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
.do. . . .
.do....
.do....
■do
.do
.do
,do
.do....
.do....
Pistachio nnts do
Preserves and candies
Raisins
Spnis
Soap
Silk (waste) kilos.
Silk (raw) do....
Shingles : do
Seeds of different kinds do
Stone do...
Strawhats do —
Tartaric acid do ..
Wine hectoliters..
Wioelecs kilos..
Wood and roots for dyeing do . . .
Wooden fumitnre., do
Wood (sawed lumber) do....
Wlllow-work do ..
Wabints and haselnuts do....
Other articles
ToUl
2,800
387,608
1,162
424,211
14,418
17,768
66,847
27,666
230,404
U,640
69,755
107,470
118, 574
61,834
47,440
40,356
5,468
73,786
2,683
0,300
1,884,543
23,388
032
20,250
5,706,862
5,605,611
332,540
2,371,230
12, 027, 137
22,521,430
3, 573, 110
572,000
1,831,470
575, 100
802,560
1,738,450
67,208
1,203
15,395
30,980
5,430
70,460
4,657
11,808
25,781
45,677
730, 440
286,611
886.246
7,300
102,555
30,066
5,222,051
226.834
1,484
04.790
1,750
2,759,303
Value,
indnding
costs and
charges.
$514
240,208
1,338
6,140
8,540
5,850
2,323
3,677
667,450
685
18,466
8,300
5^036
10,880
1,500
87,826
1,055
70,833
100
215
240,547
17,020
84
3,000
1,807,715
a, 788, 551
40,014
1,834
6,003
a. 245
1,800
08,836
502,681
64,044
14,668
4,488
000
150.000
180,000
1,662,575
0,314
302
8,052
150
200,524
200.815
7, 547, 506
Countries whither exiK>rted.
France, Germany, and Austria.
Different countries.
Austria, Turkey, and Malta.
England and Russia.
Turkey.
luiy and United States.
Malta.
France, Bngland, and Austria.
United States, Austria, and Rossia.
Malta and Belgium.
England, America, and Austria.
America, Gtermany, and Russia.
Do.
Austria, Malta, and Greece.
* Different oonntrlea.
Germanv.
England uid Malta.
Russia, Austria, and Turkey.
r Austria.
France.
Germany.
England.
United Statea.
Russia.
Egypt.
Holland.
Sweden and Norway.
Belgium.
Denmark.
Turkey.
Malta.
. Roumanla.
Austria, France, and America.
Fngland and France.
England, France, and Austria.
America and Austria.
England, Malta, and America.
France.
England, Russia, and Frabce.
France and Russia.
America^ England, and Germany.
Do. do do
France and Malta.
Austria and England.
France, Germany, and England.
America and Holland.
France and Austria.
France and England.
Russia and Malta.
Denmark.
America, Russia, and Turkey.
Different countries.
362
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
NavigatUm at the port of Messina for the year endifig Deember 31, 1888.
FlAg.
Anstiian ...
Belician.....
British
Frt'Dch
OvriQttn....,
Greek
Italian
RuMsian ....
Spanbh
Other flag§.,
TqUI
From or to —
▲vntria
Ueljslam
Bntfland, United Statea
i-^nce
Germany
Greece
DiffBrent conntriea. . .
RaMia
Spain
Different coon tries. ..
Entered.
Steamers.
34
52
46
23
6
41
50
4
24
1,254
Tofkt.
17, 374
35,894
16.173
18,134
4,877
40,343
490,553
88,687
1,702
19.098
683,735
Sailing TeaaeU.
yo.
32
27
23
4
4
60
1,420
49
1
7
1,627
Tom.
2,299
8,510
2,816
662
880
14,047
77.940
5,080
270
2,104
Cleared.
Steamoa,
JVb.
7
76
40
12
8
30
1,036
46
1
36
UO. 510
1,301
Tong.
5,066
55,712
10,108
0,111
5.817
43.675
400,067
81,610
425
23,358
503,840
Sailing
Ko.
11
22
20
17
10
21
1,456
12
12
5
1,686
Ikm*.
2,311
4.008
1,888
1.028
2. 142
00,448
1,?83
1.840
1,
W.
Unitkd States Consulate,
Meatinaf April 13, 1889.
Walixb S. Jones,
CotunU,
PAIiERMOi
Principal articles imported into Palermo duping th^ year 1688.
Artiolea.
Acid.anlphnrio ..
Artinoijkl flowers.
>•••■•■•■ m i
Cattle
Cement.
Cereals ...........
Charcoal and coal
Cheese
Coffee....
Col ton goods
Farina and bran
Gloss and earthen ware.
Hats of all kinds and
qnalities, etc
Hemp, flax, and Jute tis-
sue
Hides and skins
Lnrd
Machines and mechani-
cal instruments
Metals
Mineral oils, petroleum,
rectified
Oils, fixed, not specified.
Paper
Pianos
Pepper, etc
Pol ns^a and soda
Poultry.
Sftltfiah
Silk and velvet goods...
Spirits, pure
S( earic acid and candles .
Timber. ..........a.....
Tobacco, leaf.
Woolen goods
MiacellaneouM articles. .
Austria.
$2,250.00
2.40
10.666.00
1. 376.80
12,003.60
16,673.-20
434.00
011.80
12,171.60
60,067.00
10, 183. 60
Trance.
13,223.60
8,850.00
Total
Total value of all arti-
cli*.s imported during
the year 1887
Decrease during 1888. . .
Increase during 1 888 . . . .
4. 077. 00
7, 000. 00
874.40
428.20
2, 849. 00
1.490.00
15, 287. 00
129. 093. 2U
20,805.20
42, 364. 00
89.337.40
10.683.00
21, 093. 00
68.00
5, 244. 20
16, 725. 60
y^2. 20
20,206.60
1,017.80
4.766.40
46, 041. 00
374.80
6, 780. 80
26,380.80
768.20
4, 911. 80
4. 200. 00
1, 331. 40
Germany.
13,060.00
1,557.40
1.140.40
7, 50:». 00
10.105.40
i4.'697.'26
108. 20
977.00
90, 1S5. 80
IS 09?. 60
25,748.60
831.00
1.034.00
13.446.00
510. 00
0. 862. 20
3,456.20
87,310.80
79, 189. 60
366. 356. 00
i49, 812. 00
83. 456. 00
21.40
4,233.20
6, 000. 00
1,230.60
193. 8U
9, 982. 00
140. 00
3,872.60
3. 337. 20
72 012. LO
143, 092. 20
425, 568. 40 415, 586. 80
1,497,720.00
573, 701. 40
1,072,151.60 158,114.60
Great
Britain.
180.00
06.00
162,084.80
539,414.80
361.20
50.083.00
448,847.80
2.20
10,888.40
22,708.00
42,056.40
20,813.40
844. 6U
15,135.40
228, 655. 80
20,028.20
1,12a 40
8. 150. 40
8,924.80
41. 107. 80
2, 296. 00
7. 325. 80
2, 331. 40
115.084.20
109, 223. 20
1, 878, 321. 00
1, 947, 331. 20
Holland.
$140.60
i7,'634.'80
'i,'m86
5,076.20
055.20
1,080.00
8,067.80
58,107.00
082.40
United
Statea.
$1,082.40
482.00
8, 676. 40
34,022.80
119,967.00
t • * ■ • * ■
434.20
150.00
1,316.40
11.80
948.00
2,556.60
09, 749. 80
330,656.20
60,010.20 230,806.40
Total valoa.
82,281.40
16.00
1.634 20
237. 065.00!
1,064.00
19, 162 00
$8,2*3.00
15.000.00
110,808.00
30,339.80
670,54SkC0
500, 507. 80
60,971.20
74,466.40
407,531.20
26,532.40
88,838.40
26.213.20
70,300.60
178. 847. 80
35^ 241 10
113,873.60
362,040.60
121.061.40
21.717.80
16.377.60
17, 200. 00
1],086.F0
0.552.80
12.906.80
81,765.80
29,049.00
2,290.00
46,226.20
153,707.80
237,065.00
308, 164. 60
449.623.20
450,452.204^461,080.20
028,148.80 7,197,576.20
477,606.602,736,405.00
I
EUSOPQ — THE NETHERLANDS.
363
Principal arHolee estporUd fntm Palermo during ike year 1888.
Articles.
Brimstone
Grapes and preaenred
fnut8,et«
Hides and skim
Macaroni
Manua
OUve-oll
OranKe» and lemona. .
Pease and beans, dried
Pistachios and al>
Diouds
Sanlines
Snmao
Tartar emetic and
dre^ of wine
Volatile oils and ea-
$10,441.20
235.00
16, 801. 00
16, 27L 80
18,509.00
eenoes
Walhuta uid hazel
nuts
Wine
Wool and woollen
goods
MlaceliaBeoua arti-
cles
Total
Total Talneof the ex-
ports during the
year 1887
Decrease during 1888
Increase during 1888.
Austria.
19,064.40
34,525.20
49, 677. 20
]^ranoe.
$52,484.40
U4.80
1,134.00
312.00
7,201.40
173,877.60
189,610.00
15,732.40
23, 375. 00
95,870.00
1,794.80
165,484.00
23,690.80
'694,'47L00
5,029.60
6,549.40
1,077,629.00
1,107,146.60
119,517.60
Germany.
$840.00
9L00
82,600.00
9,824.00
11,730.00
i07,'68i.'66
12,477.60
6.40
4,200.001 1,610.00
3,880.00 952.00
16,421.00
193,238.60
379,460.40
186,226.80
Great Brit-
ain.
Holland.
$4^927.20
13,021.80
1.150.80
19,185.00
29, 147. 20
888,138.40
85,144.40
'784,'9i4.'40
879,735.40
74,229.20
2,23&00
2,344.00
25,926.80
32,659.00
1,742.758.60
1,554,757.60
188,001.00
$14100
680.00
31,281.00
I27.635i20
United
SUtes.
$63,840.00
6,690.40
2,732.40
29.373.00
20,845.00
8,746.60
23,182.00
125,'088.'40
94,016.00
6,118.00
6,704.00
1,327.60
416,127.20
397,146.20
18,98L00
2, 259. 514. 00*2, 772. 355. 00
* 208,783.80
43.252.40
7,260.80
829,641.60
8^764.00
605.60
27,00&00
82,118.00
Total.
$86,718.60
23.038.40
65,658.00
32. 922. 40
112,9K6.00
181, 582. 00
155,985.60
49,728.80
2, 139; 096. 00
486,229.00
05^162.00
9,784.60
56,644.00
25,926.80
136, 398. 40
2, 840, 296. 80 6, 633, 840. 40
4t 455, 024. 40 8, 539. 788. 00
1, 614, 727. 60 1, 005, 938. 60
United StatIbs Consulatb.
Palermo, July, 1889.
Philip Carboll,
COMUh
THE NETHERLANDS.
AMSTERDAM.
BEPOST BY aOKSVL EOKSTEIIT, FOB THE TEAB 1888.
PETBOLEUH.
Tbe trade of this conntry in this important article of commerce is mentioned as
havine resulted rather favorably to those therein engaged, darlDg the year 1888,
though the imports show a slight decrease. .
The reasons therefore assigned are, in the first place, the ill experiences of certain
importers and speculators in former years, which, by the somewhat high prices oil
commanded, dampened their spirit of enterprise, and further, the new method of im-
porting the oil in tank-steamers created a certain uncertainty and made old importers
of barrel-oil (Fassoel) somewhat apprehensive to continue the barrel business with
sailing vessels.
It is now held that the experiences of the past year have removed this doubt, and
show that both systems can very well exist and prosper side by side.
The above observations apply more particularly to the year's operations at Rot-
terdam, as the imports at Amsterdam in 1888 have not fallen off as compared to what
they were in IS'ii?, but amounted to over 50,000 barrels less than in 1886.
The whole imports at Rotterdam, Amsterdam, and Fliishing came up to about
731,000 barrels in 1888, against about 790,000 barrels in 1887,
864
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
The foregoing figures do not inolnde the imports of Rnssian petrolenm at Amster-
dam ; they amounted to about 30,000 barrels in 1887, and to about 60,000 barrels in
1888.
The business here in the Amerioan product does not seem to have been sensibly
iqjnred by the increasing competition and larger imports from Russia.
From a statement before me I copy that the imports of Americau petroleum at Am-
sterdam were in 1888, 2<)3,000 barrels and the deliveries '^49,350 barrels, as against
260,000 barrels imported and 238,000 barrels delivered iu 1887.
The Russian article brought here has been, almost exclusively, re-exported to Ger-
mauy, the American being altogether preferred for domestic consumption.
At the same time it is held that producers and exporters in the United States
require to be closely guarding their interests, if they desire and intend to retain the
supplying of the Amsterdam market to the same <-xtcnt as hitherto, which it is
thought can best be done by taking care that the difference in the price for which
their product and that of the Russian generally sells be constantly kept down to the
lowest possible figures.
The Russian competition is not only to be maintained, but will prove even more
keen this year than it has so far.
In addition to the Messrs. Nobel Brothers, there is now, and has been since the
commencement of 1889, still another corporation bringing Rnssian oil into this market.
This refers to the Society Beige et Hollandaise, vriui which the Rothschilds are con-
nected.
This organization or company has started, and intends to continue, business here
by importing petroleum in tank-steamers, and transferring it at once into barrels;
for which purpose it effected temporary arrangements, which are calculated to be
extended as time nermits and business prospects shall Justify.
The inland or aomestic consumption is estimated to have amounted to about
600,000 barrels for each of the last two years, 1887 and 1888. •
EMIORATION.
It seems a peonliar coincidence that there was so little difference in the emigration,
via the port of Amsterdam to the United States, during the last two years, consist-
ing, as it did, of 8,057 persons in 1887, and of 8,117 persons in 1888, or 60 more in the
latter than in the former year.
These figures stand for the total emigration, and include persons of both sexes, all
nges, and nationalities.
' The principal countries which^ in 1888, contributed to this emigration, or of which
the emigrants proved to be natives, and how many of each country, the following
statement will show :
NethorUndfl 2,136
Gerraaiiv : 1,905
Knisland 678
Koiwav , 717
Italy..' 683
Anstria 602
Russia 526
Poland 2W
Swedon 116
Hnngary 151
Belj^mm 85
France... * 45
Switeerland. 46
Denmark 31
Other countries 103
Of the emigrants from the Netherlands by far the greater contiuffent went, as is
usually the case, from the Provinces of Groningen, North Holland, Friesland, and
Zealand. So long as any foreign immigration to our conntry remains desirable emi-
grants from Holland, taken in the aggregate, may well be welcome, luid still more
so, if possible, the mass of those who come to us from those parts of the country
above named.
Considerablv over one-half of the entire emigration from this port iu 1888 took
place during the four months of March, April, May, and June.
EUSOPIi — ^TH£ NETHEBLANDd.
865
Alpkaheiioml U$i of the tradea or ocoupaiioM of the emigrania who emharJced at Amaierdam
for the United States duHng the yeare 1884, 1885, 1886, 1^7, and 1888.
Occnpatloiii.
1884.
1885.
1886.
1887.
1888.
Ooonpations.
1884.
1885.
1886.
1887.
1888.
Actors...... ■»...
1
8
1
1
8
Ivorv-cutters ....
1
688
2
9
17
Agents
ApotbecsrlM .....
Laborers— all
classes in city
and conntry . . .
Locksmiths......
1,506
1,025
"12*
19
2
16
324
21
14
25
1
14
1
2,373
2
8
14
'"ifJ
333
2
1
13
3
12
1
11
1
1
. 8
6
Arcbiteots
2,033
9
Artists
1
51
2
12
'""46
7
1
70
6
3
1
43
6
7
Bakers ...........
82
8
8
2
26
25
4
28
6
8
• 1
49
Machinists
Maid-serrants-..
Maonfactorers ..
7
11
22
fisrbers. ..........
29
Bar-ke^ers
Bask et-mskers ....
Blacksmiths
Boatmen
Masons — ^
Merchants
Millers
8
02
18
5
11
160
12
4
12
2
8
49
409
5
Book-binders and
printers
7
2
12
3
1
11
Milliners
Miners
io
Book-keepers
MasicisAs
Painters .........
2
13
11
Box-makexs
22
Brewers
8
1
11
12
22
1
1
6
1
2
6
8
8
8
8
14
2
13
16
101
5
PaT>er-hanirers. . .
2
Bmsh-mskers ....
Planters .........
Batcbers .........
12
10
U
2
......
19
31
51
16
8
5
27
18
80
2
Plasterers
Plambers.. ......
2
1
'"'i'
2
3
Cabinet-makers. . .
5
Carpenters
Porters
2
7
8
9
CaiTiage*makers. .
Cbimney'Swo^w . .
Cigar-makers
Clerks ^
Porters, hotel —
Saddlers
Sailors *
Scalntors
"'ii'
4
2
82
1
8
8
41
6
4
37
""ii"
458
Clog-makers
Coachmen
Cooks
......
6
2
1
4
1
4
1
2
1
2
1
4
1
8
4
5
14
......
Seamstreases ....
1
Servants
Shenberds .......
18
35
85
1
25
8
7
2
82
1
8
1
6
12
2
11
4
33
1
Coopers
Shoe-makers
Soan-boilers .....
9
13
•
53
Copyists
Cntiers
Stone-cntters....
Students. ........
1
5
2
17
8
45
3
6
«
2
6
85
9
Diamond-cnttera . .
I
Doctors
1
Tailors
12
85
Kngineers .......
8
Tanners
1
Xosravers...
1
440
2
7
"SM
2
867
Teachers
Tin and copper
smiths
1
4
1
7
2
4
8
6
1
I^srmers..........
313
"490
6
10
Fisbermen
4
Gardeni'rs
Gas-fitters
12
4
1
1
4
21
""i
Travelers (com-
mercial) ..... . .
4
Glass-blowers ....
. ....
Turners
1
1
1
1
3
Goldsmiths
Watch-makerB. - .
Weavers
4
Govemcases
8
8
15
Grocers
1
All others not
specified
Total
Hair-dressers.....
Hatters
2
4
......
3
1
2
2
1
82
Hunters
2,204
1,674
2,428
4,183
4,546
Instrnment • mak-
2
ers
The following is a classified statement showing the nnmber of persons without any
trade or occupation, and who emi^ated from Amsterdam to the United States during
each year from 18B4 to 1888| both inolufiiye :
Classification.
*
1884.
1885.
1886.
1887.
1888.
Men -
818
1,114
735
246
28
585
443
112
178
920
907
214
296
1,616
1,518
449
8,874
4,183
251
Women .....................................................
1,744
Children*
1,236
840
Tnfantst.
Total without occunation.
2,408
2.204
1,168
1,674
2,219
2,428
8,571
4.546
Total with occnnation... ..................... .........
Total emiirration...
4,612
2,842
4.647
8,057
8,117
* From one to ten years.
tUnder one year.
It appears to deserve mention that the Argentine Bepnblio invites and substantially
assists emigration to that country.
A gentleman here, a competent authority on the subject, has kindly favored me
with the data, from which I prepare the following statementiS, relating to the details
of which the assistance consistSi and the terms upon which it is extended.
366
COMlfEBCUL BELATIONfl.
The Goyernment, throngh the National Bahk of Buenos. Ayres, advanoee the paa-
sage money.
It 18 paid hy the bank to the different steam-ship companies oanying the emigrants,
who get no part of it, or any money in hand paid.
The amount paid for passage irom here or Kotterdam to Bnenos Ayres is about 84
florins for adults, 42 florins for children from three to ten years old ; children under
the age of three years are taken free of charge.
The couditioDs upon which the passage money is advanced are stated to be : a, re-
payment of the same by the emigrauts to the GoYerument within two and a half years;
with d, interest on the amounts at the rate of 8 per cent, per annnm.
I^ the debt is liquidated within the time above specified, then the emigrant attains
the right to ask and receive from the bank an advance or loan of a certain amount as
working capital, for the purpose of settling down in some little business (zaakje) of bis
own.
The privilege of participation in the above-stated offers and arrangements do not
extend to or include unmarried persons.
The largest families are prefeired ; but the age of the head of any family must be
under sixty years.
Farmers are principally wanted ; but masons, carpenters, and navies are also ac-
cepted.
On arrival at Bnenos Ayres the emigrants are lodged and boarded for the first five
days at the expense of the Government ; in the meantime a bureau of labor supply
will endeavor to find work for them.
The Hollanders availing themselves of the proffered chance of going to the Argen-
tine Republic embark almost exclusively from Amsterdam and Rotterdam in the
steam-ships of the Netberland American Steam Navigation Company.
The steamer Zaandam opened the traffic, by this Just-established new line, in sail-
ing from this port, for Bnenos Ayres,. on the 5th of last month, to be followed by a
departure each month.
The 2kiandam carried away about four hundred and eleven emigrants, of which
number over thred hundred were Hollanders.
The opportunity to emigrate on the terms above described is so eagerly seized by
natives of this country and others, and by the classes of people wanted, that the
steamers up to August next have already as many emigrants on their lists as they
can carry.
Under these circumstances it would appear that it may sa/ely be assumed the emi-
gration of Hollanders to the United States will, in the eoorao of the present year,
be very much less than in 1887 and 1888.
COFFEE TRADE.
Respecting the rather important transactions in the article of coffee in the markets
of the Netherlands, 1 submit several statistical tabular statements, containing inter-
esting and comparative information as to the imports, sales, and deliveries, stock on
hand and ruling prices, covering each of the years from 1878 to 1888, both inclusive,
as follows :
OCPOBTS.
Ea»t IndU^n coffee.
In all ports.
Years.
In all porta.
Yean.
By the
Netberland
Trading
Society.
By private firms.
By tlie
Nfitberland
Trailing
Society.
By private llnB&
1878
Bagt,
732.720
859,980
985, 195
961,492
876.046
1.068,199
Baqt.
286,351
178, 615
827.275
248 428
817. 895
615,608
BwrrOt,
79
19
1884
Bagt,
95^ 121
896.711
458,901
624,565
814,107
Bagt,
887.093
840.808
320, 141
856,988
878,015
Bmrrdt.
1879
18tj5
H<80
1886
1881
1887
1882
124
1888
1883
EUBOPE — THE NETHERLANDS.
367
West Indian and African coffee*
Id all porta.
Tears. ,
In an ports.
Yean.
ByttaeNeth-
erland Trad-
ing Society
and private
firms (West
Indian).
By private
flmiB (Afiri-
caa).
By the Neth-
erland Trad-
ins Society
and private
firms (West
Indian).
By private
firms (Afri-
can).
1878
Bagt.
107,783
73,778
42,128
41,417
44,678
91,766
Bag$.
6.974
16,429
9.896
8,081
16,500
81,185
1884
Bag$,
^ 22.166
45.248
26,635
88,067
61,579
Bag$.
26, 491
1879.::::™:::::::
1885 :
28, 893
1880
1886
18,045
1881
1887
28,644
1882
1888
18,596
1888
Sales and deUveriee,
Years. ^
Total imports.
Sold throagh
the Nether-
land. Trad-
ing Society.
Delivered by
the Nether-
land Trad-
ing Society.
Years.
Total imports.
Sold through
the Nether-
land Trad-
ing Society.
Delivered by
the Nether-
land Trad-
ing Society.
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
Bag$.
1,132,828
1,128,802
1,364.494
1,260,418
1, 255, 119
1,707,848
Barrelt.
79
19
""Hi'
•
Bagg.
878,696
801, 363
921. 89&
870.242
865,647
975,801
Bag$.
853,250
866.450
S84.946 ;
913,881 '
864,654
879,205
AnOft a • • •
1885....
18h6....
1887....
1888....
Bagt.
1, 387, 871
1,306,660
818.722
1. 098. 264
773,297
Barrelt.
Bagt.
943.879
877,474
770, 347
621,268
339,074
Bagt.
835,489
925. 197
787,214
517, 696
623,485
Stock on lian.d and tailing^ Deoemher 31.
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
In all ports.
till
n
Bagt.
176.860
169,967
224,066
815, 316
826, 316
419, 718
427,965
447. 192
161,406
163,003
138,036
By private firms
(East Indian).
Btigt.
88. .'^
69.979
99,228
110,684
94,130
135,996
152, C60
112.447
79,767
82. ?87
88,410
fiarrtflf.
181
^S
Bagt.
26,642
6,991
800
2,269
8,413
7,067
1,387
6,267
670
1,630
61,932
■II
Bagt.
340
3,076
433
2,400
107
6,990
108
800
Bagt.
112, 812
187,726
173,876
130,236
131,229
227,825
886,215
288,492
271,625
876, 197
90,786
TotaL
Bagt.
404.162
876, 738
497,969
568,938
662,487
790.708
918. 217
860,388
503,468
622,425
369,464
9t^ *
•^ • g
&
Bagt.
178,600
211.100
295.000
225,600
229.600
237,700
85% 200
43,700
167,000
40,000
368
COIIMEBCIAL SELATIONS.
w
Lowe$if kigheiif and doHng priee§.
1878
1879
1880
1881
1883
1683
LowMt and
highest
prices for
good ordinAry
JSTAi
Chntt.
40410 64
84 60^
87
84
25|
27
48
88
34
351
Price good
ordinary
Java, De-
cember 81.
0mta.
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
Lowest and
highest
prices for
good ordinary
Java.
Oenta,
26|to38
24 28
25 41i
39| 69
86 S2i
Price good
oxdinary
Java, !>»•
comber 31.
Omtf.
Imporli and deliveries ai ike eight prin/oipal marheie ef Burope during the yeare 1884 to
1888, indueive.
Imports and dellTeries.
1888*.
1887.
1886.
188S.
1884.
Imports...
.Deliveries.
TonB.
814,220
863,070
Tont.
863,860
868,210
Tont.
873,860
440,200
Tont.
431,110
424,810
Tont.
400.610
402.280
More imported.
More delivered .
48.850
4,660
68,860
6^800
1,«0
*In eleven months.
Stock of coffee on hand in the principal marlcete of Europe on the 1st day of December, 1888
and on the '6\st of Deoember^mfft and Vm,
Conntries and
places.
1888.
1887.
1886.
Countries and
places.
•
188&
1887.
1886L
Netherlands .......
Tont.
17.660
8,660
9,800
6,700
21,660
Tont.
39,760
17,900
22,100
6,000
81,860
Tont.
26 960
14,360
13,600
6.900
48,600
Bordeaux.........
Tont.
1,200
1.800
8,900
Tont.
2,600
2,100
6,060
Tont.
2.400
England. ..........
Marseilles
Trieste
2,660
Hambars ..........
7.000
JLnfcwnra
Total
Havre .............
70,850
127.860
122,260
In my annaal report on same snbjeot for 1887 I spoke of initiatory steps bavinfi^ been
taken, botb at Amsterdam and Rotterdam, for the purpose of creatine in both places
time markets witb clearing boiises (Termin-Mfirkte mit Liquidationskassen).
I have now to state that snch institntions have been established, and that they
began operations on the Ist of May last.
The volnme of their transactions in respect of Java and Santos coffee aggregated
at Amsterdam 742,250 bags, and at Rotterdam 1,177,500 bags from May 1 to December
31, 1H88.
Largest basiness on any one day — at Amsterdam on December 5, 23,000 bags; at
Rotterdam on same day, 30,500 bags were dealt in.
I made special inquiries into what is the probability or prospect for the ftirther
extension and progress of the purely speculative dealings, or term-business, in this
country, and from the very best information obtainable npon this point I am only
enabled to state that the feeling upon the subject among the merchant classes is
divided. While some favor the transactions in question, others look npon them with
distrust and disfavor them.
It may, however, be said that a very general opinion prevails that, under existing
circumstances, a large business, as is desired to be done here in the article, can not
nowadays, be transacted without a term market.
It seems, therefore, held to be likely that the **term busitiesa" here will remain or
become a permanent institntion, and that its operations will increase and prosper.
Exports to the United iSto/es.— During the past two and a half years, or since about
July 1^ 1886| purchases of coffee for or on American acooant, feU off considerably. The
^
EUBOPE — ^THE NBTHERJ-.ANDS. 369
rise in the prioee of the article dates hack to the same period of time, and it would
seem to have caused certain conditions rendering the markets of this country less
favorable or advantageous for drawing supplies from for trade purposes or consump-
tion in the United States.
The shipments to our ports, nearly all to New York, from the consular district of
Amsterdam, amounted, in value— to |682,570, in 18S5; 9835,350, in ldS6; |302,832, in
18(57; and $516,421, in 1888.
Crops, — The crop of Java coffee of 1887-'88 it stated to have amounted to 256,200
piculs for the Government and 172,500 picnls for private parties, or together 428,700
piculs, against 1,143,000 in 1886-'87; 719,000 picols in 1885-'86, and 1,316,000 piculs in
1884-'85.
The present crop's estimate is placed at 564,500 piculs for the Government and
300,000 piculs for private parties, or together at 864,500 piculs.
The prospects for a good or better Java crop seemed favorable in the beginning,
but later qh complaints were heard about the season being too dry.
MANUFACTUBR AKD KXPORT OF CANDLES.
The production of Stearine candles forms one of the chief manufacturing interests
of Holland ; there being throe large factories in the country, which are situated at
Amsterdam, Gonda, and Schiedam.
The raw material worked up by them annually amounts, roughly estimated, to about
14,000,000 to 16,000,000 of kilograms, and consists of about 60 per cent, palm oil, im-
ported from the west coast of Africa, and about 40 per cent, of tallow, which comes
here from Australia, Buenos Ayres, and to some, but not a large, extent from the
United States.
The output of the factories is described to me to consist of about 61 per cent, stear-
ine and stearine candles, 25 per cent, oleine, 6 per cent, g^lycerine, and of 4 per cent,
pitch.
The exports of stearine and stearine candles take place to nearly all parts of the
world, and, in the aggregate to a very considerable extent ; but, up to the present,
shipments to the United States have been unimportant.
Oleine finds a market in Europe, where it is turned to account in woolen mills and
by certain silk manufacturers.
The glycerine produced finds its way into the hands of refiners of the article in
Germany, Holland, Belgium, France and, to some extent, in the United States.
The trade in candles* local consumption and export, though figures representing it
for 1888, are, so far, entirely wanting or unavailable is nevertheless ascertained to
have been greatly in excess of that of the preceding year, 1887.
Thisis said to be a noteworthy circumstance, in the face of the fact of the ever-in-
creasing competition through gas and electric light, on one side, and, on the other,
by the German and English parafine candles.
In 1887 according to the official trade statistics, the exports of wax, spermaceti, and
composite candles are set down as having amounted to 8,104,920 kilograms in quantity
and to the same number of florins in value.
Over three-fourths of this foreign trade was, and usually is, with Belgium, Eng-
land, and Hamburg, Germany, but small shipments are recorded to a gre^t many
countrieis in nearly every part of the world.
In gathering data for preparing this paragraph I met again with most striking
proor of how very imperfect, I may say, of liow confusing and misleading are afi
official commercial statistics as published in this country.
Stearine candles are the only kind of candles produced and exported, as I am most
credibly informed, whereas the official returns of the exports from Holland, speak of
wax stearine spermaceti and composite candles.
Again, the value of the article figures in the statistics of exports at an estimate
quite out of proportion, about double what it ought to be. The 100 kilograms are
valued at 100 florins, whereas the actual value of such quantity is, at present, hardly
over one-half that amount.
This latter-mentioned and great defect and difference arises from the fact that there
exists here a system of arriving at the value of the imports and exports according to
a standard or maatstaf which was adopted many years ago and which is allowed
always to remain the same, is neTer changed, no matter how much any article has
since, or is from year to year, advancing or declining in value, or price.
BACON AND LARD.
In a "review of the trade," issued at Rotterdam, it is stated that in 1888, like sev-
eral preceding years, the imports of American b.acon and l.ird came here directly sup-
plying the retail trade, and this to a very limited extent only, so that these articles
remain lost to transactions in the wholesale business.
10611 0 E ^24
370
COMMEBGIAL RELATIONS.
The pHnoipal importer of and dealer in hog-prodaots at AmsteMam handed me a
short statement, which, translated, contains in substance the following :
The imports of American baoon have been very trifling in 1888, amoontlng in all to
only about 30,000 kilograms.
The princip:4l reason for this is that ho^-raising, pork- production, in the Nether-
lands is so largely increasing that it is having the effect of bringing down the prioes
for inland bacon to about the same an those usually asked for the American article.
In the month of September the stock of domestic bacon was nearly exhausted, caus-
ing a more lively demand for the American product. To meet the same small orders
were given or purchases made at Antwerp and Liverpool so that the imports, direct
and indirect, of American bacon in 1888 can be estimated to have consisted of about
500 cases.
It may also be mentioned that in the month of April abont two hundred cases
bacon were brought here from Denmark.
The article gave but poor satisfaction, and compared very unfavorably with the
Amevicau, which is greatly preferred.
The total direct imports of American lard into Holland, during same period of time,
have been about 400,000 kilograms.
This figure is also far below what in former years represented them ; nor have there
been any orders given or contracts made in the fall of the year for future delivery of
the goods ; at least none deserving notice.
Present indications are that no improvement in the imports and trade in both
articles can be looked for or expected during the early months of the current year, if
after i^ards. . «
Fei*8eU and their ionna(ie entered at and cleared from the porte of Yumiden and Amsterdam
during the year 1888, diatinguiehing Mailing veseela from eteamere and epec^fying their
several nationalitiee.
Nationalities.
Ketherlanda..
British
Norwe^an ...
Swedish
Danish
(rerinan
Ilussian
Itiiiian
SpaDish
United States
Austrian .....
French
Greek
Belgian
Entered.
Sailing Teasels.
No.
02
32
83
11
10
16
19
3
1
'i"
Tons.
51.048
26.226
29,213
4,300
2, ft) 6
15.772
7,150
2,680
1,013
120
Steamers.
No.
472
670
58
20
10
110
4
22
12
....
Tons.
346, 149
443,001
22,253
13,7:)0
0.860
65.889
2,636
9,662
13, 904
"""677
Cleared.
Sailing Teasels.
No.
01
43
88
11
13
21
10
2
2
"l
Ton»,
47,005
30,367
31,061
4.330
3,062
17, 142
7,080
1,822
2,176
""126
Steamera.
No
475
670
68
20
10
100
4
22
13
Tmu.
34»,309
440,075
22.278
13.739
0,000
66,909
2,535
26,662
13,896
"'677
Total
Total, 1887.
270
843
140.037
160,604
1.388
1,816
044.880
874,060
289
346
146.966
168,174
1,801
1,822
046.370
872,734
OSNKRAL CONDITIONS.
The facilities afforded me or at hand for arriving at anything like a trne knowledge
of the actual state or condition of this coosnlar district or this country during or at
the close of any year or other period of time are not of such a character as to justify
expectations of a full, accurate, and comprehensive description of it.
The siilijtict is so large, the elements which contribute to the country's progress and
pros])erity or otherwise so diversified, as to make it next to iiupossible to secure, in
odicial or other quarters, the requisite data, material, and iufonna^on to bat>e upon
tbeiii nil approximately correct statement of the country's real situation respectiug
any or all of its principal or material interests.
The accomplisnment of the task might, naturally, be greatly aided if there existed
in this country a better system of statistics, which, as to its commerce, indnstries, and
still other interests, would compensate a stndy of them, by affording looked-for and
desired information.
Instead thereof, and as it is, nearly all statistics published in Holland are, on ac-
count of the peculiar manner and form in which it is usually done, or in consequence
of their appearing so late, rendered unavailable for such practical purposes as I
would require them to serve m).
EUBOPE — TEE NllTHERLANDS. 371
I would, however, here remark that a movement has been set on foot on the part of
the Government, or rather by the min.4ter of iudustry, &o., to seoare statistics of the
industries and nianiifactnres of the country. A step in the right direction was be-
gun about two years a^o, and Is being followed up by calling into requisition the
services of the provincial governors (royal commissaries ), and of the respective mu-
nicipal authorities in causing them to take a kind of census or secure complete sta-
tistics of the industries and manufactures within their several jurisdictions.
Blank forms, to be filled out by all parties engaged in any manufacturing industry,
have been prepared by the Government, and are now being supplied them for that
purpose.
The officials charged with the task will undoubtedly do their best in making them-
selves as useful as possible in the matter, but how well they will succeed can only be
conjectured, and wnatever the result of their efforts, it is not apt to be attained or
available for publication in a Ions time to oome.
The Qovemment's intention and action certainly comports with the generally pre-
* vailing spirit of the times, and deserves to be realized and to succeed; nevertheless,
it seems to me to be just i tied to be observed that it will not meet with much encourage-
ment or be co-operated with with much alacrity by the manufacturers.
Dutch merchants, manufacturers, and other men of business affairs are inordinately
reluctant and* averse to supply any one, or even their own Government, with informa-
tion containing minute particulars relating to their commercial, mauufacturing, or
other operations, especially when at any time calculated or designed for publication.
Anything which, m respect of such matters, seems to them to smack of undue curi-
osity or inqiiisitiveness, and which may be construed or suspected to cause any new
and increased competition, from any quarter, is looked upou as an attempt of prying
into other people's private affairs, and, therefore, distasteful, detested, and generally
tabooed.
I write thus at length, and forcibly, upon this point in order to illustrate my dis-
pleasing experiences in connection therewith, and as in extenuation of the fact of not
furnishing information, upon commercial, industrial, and other subjects, more in
accordance with the requirements or desire and expectations of the Department, and
more important and useful to our public therein interested.
COMMERCE.
Holland's commercial condition during the 4^ear 1888 resembled, in many respects,
that of the previous ^ear.
Summarily reviewing and contrasting the sitnatiou, from the business point of
view, extent, and character oi the trade, for the lust five years, induces me to say,
that the ynars 1684 and 1885 were characterized by stagnation aud general depression
as to transactions in nearly all articles of commerce ; Uiat the year 1886, particularly
the latter hulf of it, was a period of transition from '* very hard times" to ^'niucn
better," and that t lio years 1887 and 1888 were '^ fairly progressive and prosperous."
I would further qualify tUis statement by remarking that whatever the difference
between the last two years, li can be said to have been decidedly in favor of 1888.
Unable, at this time, to bring under or show by any figures the total.volume of the
jtrade, import and export, of the past year, the above statement, relating to the
same, is grounded upon information from prominent commercial corporations, firms,
and persons, such as are most extensively engaged in and best conversant with the
nature and extent of what have been th^ years transactions and operations ; and it
also comports with my personal observations in the course of the year.
TOBACCO TRADE.
Having already furnished some information relating to the crop of Sumatra tobacco
of 1887 and to transactions in the article in this market during the first nine months
of the past year (my report of the 2d of October last), there remains less information
of an interesting character .to be communicated at this time than would otherwise be
the case.
Now, as the entire product has passed under review, and out of the " first hand,"
or out of the possession of the planters, original importers, or consignees, it is shown
that the hitherto from year to year increasing remnnerativeness which characterized
tobacco raising in Sumatra has experienced a more or less considerable check.
This has not been caused by the crop of 1887 having fallen off in quantity, as on
the contrary it was larger by several thousand bales than that of any grown in any
one preceding year.
It is repiesemted to be principally, if not solely, owing to the fact that the '' average
standard " of the quality of the tobacco proved to be far from being as good, or equal
to that of last or former years' yields.
372 COMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
Ab there appeared no signs of any dimination in the general demand for the goods
it oan only be ascribed to deterioration in its anality that the average price realized
for the crop of 1887 is set down at only abont 1 norin and 21 cents per half kilogram,
as against about florin 1.55 for the crop of 1886, and aboat florin 1.40 for that of
1885,
It seems altogether to become more and more manifest that even the onltlvation of
tobacco in Sumatra is subject to vicissitudes, and that the adage of " not all is gold
that glitters" applies to It as well as to so many other oases.
For illustration and to show the above remarks to be in plaoe, I wonld mention as
follows :
The Oost Snmatra Tabak Maatschappy (East Sumatra Tobacco Company), or-
ganized and established at Amsterdam, within the last three years or less, with a
paid-up capital of over 300,000 florins, having concession or holding leases of large
tracts of land in Sumatra, which were supposed to be suitable or could be made to
answer, at least a large portion of them — for the cultivation of tobacco— has ex-
perienced, as it now appears, au utter failure of its enterprise. '
At a meeting of its shareholders, called by the director of the company, and held ^
in this city in November last, it was announced in substance:
That but very little of the company's land is really flt for the cultivation of tobacco^
and that there seems to be no prospect of success in converting or bringing into
proper condition «ny considerable portion of its lands for the desired purpose that a
first effort of raising tobacco on some of it, in 1887, proved extremely unfavorable,
both as to quantity and quality of the product, and that up to the present about
one-third of the company's capital, necessarily expended in furtherance of its inter-
ests, is totally lost.
To avoid further and greater losses it was proposed to. liquidate the company's
affairs. This was not agreed to, but a committee appointed for the farther inresti-
gation of the matter.
I am also informed that outside of the residencies or districts of Deli and Lankat
tobacco-growing resulted generally quite unprofitably in 1887, and that a good manv
of the planters sustained actual losses. The great decline in the value of the stock
on shares of the principal Amsterdam companies engaged in the tobacco culture in
Sumatra will best evidence my above statements.
Deli Maat«chappy's shares, which sold on the 1st of January, 1688, at 810 per cent,
were quoted in December last at 701 per cent.
Deli fiatavia Maatschappy's shares, worth January 1, 1888, 395 per cent., went in
December of same year for 3(55 per cent.
AmHterdam Deli Company's shares", selling in January, 1880, for 560 per cent-.,
brought only 370 per cent, in December following.
According to the publlshod statement of a sworn broker in tobacco the Sumatra
crop of 1887 amounted to 144,404 bales, from the sale of which were realized abont
26,500,000 florins, «as against 138,255 bales, valued at about 32,500,000 florins, for
the crop of 1886.
Excepting 13,090 bales brought to and placed upon the market at Rotterdam and
4,886 bales to Bremen, the entire remaining product, or 126,428 bales, was consigned
to and disposed of in this market in the course of the year 1888.
There were seven sales here by inscription (sealed bids), and they occurred on May
15, June 6, July 4, August 1, September 26 and 27, October 24, and on November 14.
A few lots were sold at ordinary auctions and some small lots at private sales.
In my report of October 2, 1888, I remarked that rumors were then current accord-
ing to which the product of certain plantations in Sumatra will in future be con-
signed to Bremen, and be put upon the market there. I can now state that there
seems to be no doubt that an increased quantity will find its way there in the course
of the current year, say about 15,000 to 20,000 bales.
Sumatra crop, 1888. — Nothing positive can be stated abont it as yet, only this, that
reports concerning it are favorable and that it is expected to turn out to be larger
than the crop of 1887.
Exports to the Lnited States. — The exports of Sumatra tobacco from Amsterdam or
this consular district to the United States have greatly fallen off* in 1888, when likened
to what they ran up to in 1887.
The shipments of the article last year, 1888, amounted in quantity to 25,321 bales,
valued, as per invoices declared to at this consulate, at |3,827,980.20.
This shows a decrease in the exports, when compared to those of 1887, amounting
to 9,951 bales and in value to 1 1.997,846.57.
Another noteworthy feature therewith connected consists hereof that a correot com-
putation exhibits the fact that the price realized in this market, per half kilogram,
as it is invariably sold — inclusive of all charges — was on an average abont 248^ cents
Dutch currency, or abont 99 cents, for the. exports to our country in 1888 as against
2 florins and 71 cents, or $1.08^, in 1887.
1
EUROPE — THE NETHERLANDS. 373
This Is not an nnimportant difference when viewed in connection with the fact
that the pnrohases for and the shipments to the United States consist, almost exclu-
sively, of the most desirable and best tobacco.
Java tobacco, — ^The tobacco product of Java is always and entirely consigned to the
markets of this country and sold here, principally by inscription, same as is the case
with Sumatra tobacco.
The crop of 1887 footed up about 138,000 bales which, sold in 1888, bronffht on an
average about 38^ cents Dutch currency per half kilogram, from the sale of which was
realized, according to a broker's estimate the sum of 9,276,000 florins..
Compared to the preceding year's (1886) crop that of 1887 exceeded it by about
31,500 bales, and also brought up li cents more per half kilogram.
It may not be uninteresting wnen I stat^ that in 1874 the yield of Java tobacco
amounted to over 177,000 bales, fetched 78^ cents Dutch currency, per oue-half kilo-
gram, with an estimated total value of 22,.500,000 florins.
In 1881 the crop was even larger still, as it came up to nearly 196,000 bales, bat it
turned out to be so poor in quality as to bring, on an average, only 27 cents, Dutch
currency the whole product netting but little over a million florins.
Again it may also deserve soention that in 1879 but little over 50,000 bales of to-
bacco were raised, but the quality having been extra good the crop was disposed of
at 66 cents, Dutch currency, per half kilogram whereas in 1882 the yield was about
74,000 bales, but the goods so unsatisfactory in quality as to bring only 28^ cents, same
weight and currency.
I furnish the above information as it would seem to show that the cultivation of
tobacco in Dutch East India, in Java at least, is subject to radical changes or great
nps and downs as regards the production of both quantity and quality from year to
year and as indicating (possibly) that Sumatra may yet share tue same fate.
JmporU of American tobacco, — Ainst«rdam has not been a market of any note for
transactions in American leaf tobacco for many years. Rotterdam's iinports and opera-
tions in the article are of somewhat greater importance.
The annual imports here do not vary very materially in these days.
Last year they consisted of 2,849 hogsheads of Maryland and Ohio, 196 hogsheads
of Kentucky and Virginia, sqid 922 cases seed-leaf.
Inclosed with this goes a tabulated statement, prepared and published by an en-
terprising broker of this city, which contains wnat may possibly be found to be in-
teresting and useful information relating to the crop of Sumatra tobacco of 1887 and
to the sales of same at Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Bremen in 1888.
The statement shows in the first column, date of sales ; in the second column,
number of bales; jn the third column, the diflerent marks; in the fourth column,
names of firms purchasing ; in the fifth column, the price.
GRAIN TRADE.
At Amst-erdam and on the river Zaan the imports of all sorts of grain were very
light at the beginning of the year, being restricted to the supply of pressing wants,
though prices ruled then quite low.
Afterwards, in consequence of the chan^ in the state of the weather, excessive
rains continuing up to harvest-time, and this having been the case in other European
countries as well as io Holland, a rise in the prices amounting to from 30 to 40 per
cent, took place and much livelier trade resulted therefrom.
Later on buyers became again much more reserved, whilst at the same time uvgent
offers to sell came in from various quarters, causing the former advance in prices to
give way to almost the same low figures at which purchases could be made in the
early months of the year. The crops, to a certain extent, came in more or less injured
by the wet, and particularly rye, which increased the demand for the foreign article,
dry sorts, for baker's use.
Wheat, — The imports of wheat up to the 15th of December are reported to me to
have amounted to about 16,000 lasts as against 21,276 lasts in 1887.
The greater part of it was imported from South Knssia, but little from the Baltic
ports of Dantzic and Konigsberg, still less from the United States, and thi^, as stated
to me, because the higher prices ruling there prevented it.
Bye, — ^The imports of rye were larger in 1888 than during a nnmber of years last
past, amounting to about 67,000 lasts as against only 40,588 lasts in 1887.
By far the greater part came from South Russian ports. Dealings here in the article
in supplying the home demand as well as re-export transactions to places on the
Bhine proved very satisfactory.
Barley, — ^The imports of barley ran up to 7,700 lasts as against 5,617 lasts in the
previous year.
In proportion to the prices of other cereals, those of barley were regarded aa high
throughout the year.
Maize, — The high prices demanded for this cereal by exporters in the United States
374 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
and elsewhere, oonsidered so when oompared to the prices of other sorts of ffrain oi
food-prod note, kept off the imports of it; only 5,300 lasts heing brought nere, aa
against 34,352 lasts in 1887.
FUmr, — ^The trade here in American wheat flonr was, as I learn, very Tariable dnr-
ing the past year. In the early months of the year rather regular supplies coold be
brought here at satisfactory prices; and at about the banning of July fine grades
of flonr (baker's flour) were even offered and could be imported ftom the United
States at lower prices than from anywhere else. The consequence was that for a
while the imports and trade in the article gained in importance. Subsequent on-
favorable reports regarding the probable wheat crop in the United States, the asking
of higher pnces there for tne flour, resulted, in Auenst and September, in a reduction
of operations. Added thereto there set in, about the same time, a renewed and con-
siderable oompetition from Hungary, whence rather large quantities of flonr were
received.
In the later course of the year and up to its close, on account of further advances
in the prices in the American market, opportunities for transactions were totally cut
off; whilst the millers of this countiy procnred Russian wheat of quality and price
such as to enable them to produce the flonr notably cheaper than the American.
Such was the condition of the flonr trade at the end of the year, when the local or
inland millers almost entirely monopolized the trade here.
An improvement of the trade is confidently expected, as it is supposed the demand
will increase at more firm prices, because all countries of production, except Russia,
harvested more or less short crops last year.
In " low grades" American much less business was done here than in former years,
certain grades of rye flonr, at lower prices, being largely substituted therefor ; the
more ordinary qualities of American wheat flour commanded at home, for domestic
consumption, better prices than could be obtained for same in this market or country.
The total imports of wheat flour at Amsterdam, in 1688, amounted, according to a
statement kindly fnrnished me by the chief revenue officer at this port, to 13,795,034
kilograms, of which quantity 5,857,566 kilograms came here fW>m the United States.
The imports of rye flour came-up to 14,650,^1 kilograms, none of which was brought
here from the United States.
Bioe, — The rice trade, as is stated, ^re occasion to dissatisfaction to those interested
for several years in succession, until the past ^ear, especially the latter half of it>,
brought on a favorable change. The advance in the prices of the article was eon-
siderable ; amounting to about 20 per cent, for all sorts. During the first six months
the market was calm with tf regular demand and sales, as reganis both home trade
and export. The prices ruling were more or less firm, regulated by conditions of
demand and supply. In the month of August a noticeable improvement came about.
The bad weather in the summer and the therewith connected unfavorable reports
rejj^arding the then growing crops attracted attention to the low standard of the rice
prices. But to this the mai^et had become so accustomed, that little or no belief was
created that a rise in the prices would take place.
In September the real situation was more fully realized. The continued rains and
til e succeed in pr innndations in many parts of Europe during harvest time, caused
fears that great I lain.) <;e and loss would result to the cereal and other food crops;
this, together with tho constantly advancing grain prices, resulted in a very lively
trade, and in a rise in the prices of all sorts of rice.
Afterwards and to the close of the year the demand for " Java Tafel " remained
well sustained and very firm for more ordinary sorts, with now and then important
sales..
The imports of all kinds of rice into this conntry In 188B amounted to 1,376,000
bags, against 1,160,000 bags in 1887, and 1,212,000 bags in 1886.
The imports in all Europe (England, Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark,
France, Italy, and Austria) footed up, dnring each of the last past five years, as fol-
lows : In 1884 to 868,000 tons ; 1885 to 766,000 ; 1886 to 773,000 ; 1887 to 777,000 ; 1838
to 990,000.
The exports of rice irom this consular district to the United States increased very
largely dnring the past year, when compared with what they were in the previous
years ; being represented in value by |276,826.52 for 1888, whereas they amounted to
but 152,338.44 in 1887.
OBOP RMtTLTS.
The secretary of the Holland Agricultural Association has kindly placed me in
possession of a statement relating to the result of the crops of the Netherlands, firom
which I am enabled to quote as lollows :
The state of the weather during the past year was far fh>m desirable. Though it
caused no complaints in the spring, it did tne more so during the summer. Warm
%
EUEOPK — THE NETHEELAND8. 375
weather, so necesBary for the gipwth of the crops, there was bat yery little of,
whereas the rains fell in snperabandance, and as a result thereof, haryesting of
nearly all crops came on mach later than nsnal. In September the weather was very
fine, ai^d most favorable for the bringing in of the crops, bat the damage already
done oould hardly be made np for.
The wheat prodnct is spoken of as having turned ont rather satisfactorily, aver-
aging aboat32' hectoliters per hectare; bat as to quality, especially color, it was not
near so desirable.
From a statement before me, emanating from another source, I <yiote: that but
very little over about 10 per cent, of all arable land in this country is onliuarily
under wheat.
Hye, which is also not very extensively cultivated in Holland, produced about 30
hectoliters per hectare, and in consequence of the excessive rains, was found in most
places of very inferior quality.
Barley yields 40 hectoliters, more or less, per hectare, but was in great part only
of indifferent Quality.
OaU.-^Oi all cereal crops, oats stood best to field, and yielded from 45 to 60 hecto-
liters per hectare, but as to weight aud color, far Inss favorable results are given.
Horse and pigeon beans suffered very much from the uuseasonable, cold summer
weather ; they got ripe very late, so that iU the month of October they stood, in groac
part, still in the field. The raw wet weather had its injurious influence also upou
the cultivation of these products. The beans are generally smaller, poor iu color, and
the vield, as to quantity, quite indifferent, in many instances less than 26 hectoliters
per hectare were obtained.
Pease were brought in late ; their color is here and there not as might be desired,
their (quality, otherwise, fairly satisfactory. The yield was very good; in many
places it reached over 30 hectoliters to the hectar. Flax it is reported, did not grow of
the usual and desirable length, and, as a consequence, the crop proves unsatisfactory.
Potatoes suffei^ very much from the well-known '* disease,'' so that in certain sec-
tions of the coumry, on many fields, over one>half of the product was lost, and the
yield can, on that account not be estimated higher tlian about 100 hectoliters, per hec-
tare, on the average. Meadow aud tloverlands promised well early in the spring
and cattle could be turned out early iu the season, but the unfavorable cold weather
soon injured and decimated the grass supply, compelling many farmers to bring their
'* stock'' onto lands intended for the hay crop.
Later in the summer grass became more abundant again, but the early frosts in-
jured the grass, and cattle had to be housed earlier than ordinarily is the case.
The hay lands would have yielded sufficiently, had it not been for the constant
rains which prevented hay-making; a great deal of mowed grass had to be left many
days npon the ground to get it anyways dry — thereby the quality of the hay became
generally very poor, and the quantity also much reduced.
The more favorable conditions respecting the weather in the fall of the year afforded
anopppitunity for an additional hay crop (second cut), of which many farmers availed
themselves ; however, and as stated to me, the quality of the hay, being the product
of a second mowing, is quite inferior.
Another good authority on the subject writes:
'' The result of the cereal crops in this country is, stated in few words, for all
sorts of grain, about equally defective (mangelhaft). Everything suffered from the
excessive rains, and turned out poorly, both quantitatively aud qualitatively. Wheat
is in general much lighter in weight than usually; and rye was much damaged on
the ground from the wet (viel Answuchs)."
The potato crop also came out quite unsatisfactorily. England's crops are esti-
mated to be about 25 per cent, short of what they were the year before. Those of
France fell off about 20 per cent. Both countries will have large deficiencies to pro-
vide for. Germany estimates its cereal crops (taking 100 as a Norm) : wheat at 85 -
rye, 60: barley, 99. Hungarian reports speak of 110, 85, and 84, respect! vely, for the
sorts ofgrain Just mentioned ; Russia's crops have also been less prolific than in. the
year 1887. Taking the crop-results of all Eorope together they may lie represented by
the figoie 90, aga&ist 110 in 1887.
376
COMMEROIAL RELATIONS.
POPULATION OF AMSTERDAM.
The popniation of Amsterdam, which on the let of January, 1888, consifited of
183,515 maiea, and 206,501 females, together of 390,016 persons—
HaleB.
Females.
XnoreiMed daring the veer tliroasli—
Blrthe
Immigratloii or eettlemeut
Total
Deereated in 1888 thxongli—
Deaths ,
Emigration
Total
7,869
10,314
17, 978
4.852
8,771
18,123
8,944
11,»77
IS^ttl
4.283
10,174
14|438
It is thns shown that the popniation of this city increased to the extent of 4,550
males, and 4,485 females, in all, by 9,035 persons, and on the Slat of December, 1888,
consisted of: 188,0d5 males and 210,986 femalea ; together, 399,051 sonls.
LABOR.
An officer of the mnncipal government, than whom no one is better acquainted with
the state of labor or condition of the laboriDg-classes of this city, favored me with
a statement upon the subject, which, translated, contains, in snbstanqf, the following:
During the period of the year when ordinarily work is scarcest — late in the fall and
early in the winter — the situation, in this respect, was much improved in 1888, as com-
pared with several years last past. Work in some of the industrial establishments or
trades was nearer sufficient, and in a few of them more workmen could find employ-
ment than is the case under ordinary circumstances.
Able workmen, as a mle, fonnd employment at good wages. Such, however, as
upon their own volition, without previous engagements, came here fipom the prov-
inces, fonnd it far more diffionlt to obtain ^ork.
It was, and always is — owing to them that last winter, and generally each year,
the number of persons out of work (werkeloozen) was increased and filled ap.
In the building trades and kindred branches there was, and is, more animation
than has been for some years.
Licenses to build have been issued in greater number, so that stone-cuttera, brick-
layers, carpenters, painters, and plasterers, etc., had little or no difficulty in getting
work.
On account of the city government a number of works, of a more or less extensive
character, then and still in course of construction, greatly added to the general labor
supply.
As good proof that the sitnation is much improved in comparison to what it was in
1887 and before, attention is directed to the records of the Labor Exchange here, the
demand and supply of labor, as it shows comparatively that the demand was in-
considerable, and that upon calls being made or advertisemenis published for certain
classes of workmen, they were ordinarily responded to by but few workmen.
As another proof of improvement in the workmen^s situation the fact is mentioned
that the figures representing the values of goods pawned and redeemed in the pawn-
brokers' shops of this city during the year 1888, contrast most favorably, when com-
pared witii those of the preceding year, when already they could not be regarded as
unfavorable.
Again, it is remarked that the deposits in the Government postal-savings banks, and
as well in the city savings banks, are steadily increasing. (That the laboring classes
contribute largely to this result is more than doubtful.) It is also stated that in
consequence of a strike orcnrring last summer at Hamburg quite a number of work-
men, principally carpenters, went there from here, but nothing is said as to how they
succeeded there or what became of them. Recently a strong inclination became
manifest on the part of many to emigrate to the Argentine Republic, where, as it
seems, workmen and laborers of different classes are offered employment at favorable
terms. Several families have gone there, and more are to follow.
United Statbs Consulatb,
Amtterdamt Januany 14, 1889.
D. ECKSTXIK,
C<nutU,
EUROPE — ^THE KETHERLANDa
377
Arrivals and departures of sail and steam ships in Netherlands ports in 1887.
AKBJYAIA
Conntries of departure.
Under NetherUuida flog.
With cargo.
In ballast.
Under foreign flags.
With oargo.
In ballast.
Total.
AfHoa (east coast)
Africa (west coast)
Algiers
Caribbean Islands
Australia ;.
Belgium
Brssil
Brt^men...
CflDt ml America
Chili
Colombia, Eonador, andVene*
zuela
Cuba
Cora^oa
Denmark
Dannbian Prinoipalittes
Bgypt
British America
British Indies.
France
Greece. ,
Great Britain
Guiautt (Dutch)
Guiana (British)
Hayti
Hamburg.... ,
Italy
Japan
Java and other East India
colonies (Dutch) ,
Lnbeck
Mecklenburg
Mexico
Norway
Austria
Peru and Boliyia
Portugal.
Prussia
Bio de la Plata (Buenos
Ajres),etc
Bussia ( Baltic norts, etc.)
Bniaia ( Black dea ports)
Spain
Turkey
United States
Sweden
Total 2,3953,929,535
No.
Ou.
metsri.
No.
9
1
81
1
7
1831
3
952
17
1
241
25
86
113
15
199
203
1
96
14
56
181
12,802
878
8
18,818
857
628
4,881
136.816
9,535
1, 890. 617
84,36tf
201
936
176,251
51,537
i
Ou.
meters.
6,413
164,822
No.
5
20
8
4
8
8
13
24
1
16
9
5
2
16
82
1
7
69
61
6
2,652
1,786
869,710
65,777
6.791
101,403
251,640
2,328
235,209
40. 053
326. 497
197,199
215
1,630
2
81
27
6
10
22
6
1
12
254
17
10
T7
511
e\
564
221
440
87
239
240
174, 651,5, 604
0^.
metere.
< 4,867
26,907
25,610
2.676
8,296
10,251
12.466
10,643
1,350
42,888
8,668
8,690
1,080
7.068
92,994
2,033
12, 978
271,836
75,275
18,516
3,609,575
No.
Ou.
8 6,561
1,528
87,266
87,859
7,692
46,420
27,024
8,864
780
11,699
191,279
42.212
27,030
77, 017
498,770
7,440
937.375
793.677
1,091,036
99,915
710. 205
313.682
9,092,041
11
2f77
IS
84
338
10
5
8
28
82
1
7
69
284
9
287,62114,082
17
2
83
277
81
10
14,190
7,068
1,467
.8,156
327
270,390
No.
5
29
9
4
8
19
13
105
1
16
108
5
1
12
369
17
10
92
681
6
767
232
536
51
295
422
8,642
Ott.
meters.
4,367
88,799
25,988
2,575
8,298
23,226
12,466
2i461
1,850
42,888
9,025
8,690
1,708
11, M4
92.994
2,033
12,978
271,856
226.281
23,051
5,802,635
84,866
1,528
88,202
S12.964
59,229
46^420
896.734
8,364
780
11,699
258,523
42,212
27,030
84,408
599,957
7,440
1, 189, 021
706.005
1, 326. 245
139,068
1,036,702
511,208
18,466,617
D^ARTURES.
Africa (east coast)
Africa (weet coast)
Algiers
Caribbean Islands
Australia
Belgium
Brazil
Bremen
Central America
Cura^oa
Denmsx'k
Dannbian Principalities
British America
British Indies
France
Gibraltar
Greece-
Great Britain..
Guiana (Dutch)
Sajtl
12
1
58
166
8
4
1,274
261
760
11,417
378
1,019
1,850
438
62,820
134.325
4,202
12,550
2,124,597
89,159
3
16
2
'47
6,232
'2,849
2,005
985
'99,'944
4
24
1
4
6
46
3
28
6
35
1
8
1
19
2
702
8
3,
48.
1,
4,
25,
75,
7,
29,
9,
377
948
353
846
776
831
017
960
332
14,
2.
8.
2,
23,
474
576
282
135
950
711
3,498,
2,
871
281
25
9
8
1,824
.
85,284
"6,*i07
12,422
"6,658
3,616.008
1,9591
6
81
2
6
6
74
8
60
6
1
104
1
7
1
196
10
4
5,847
29
1
4,146
60,366
1,733
5,865
25, 776 ,
117, 347
7.017
40.766
9,833c
438
91,721
2,576
14.936
2,135
174, 426
4,913
12,550
9, 338^ 510
41,690
1,959
378
GOMMEBCIAL RELATIONS,
JrrivaU and depariurm of tail and Mteam 8hip$ in NMerJandt port$ in 1887— Coatinned.
DSPABTURBS— ContinQad.
ConntriM of deputers.
Hamburg
Italy
Japan
Java and other (Dutoh) Baat
India ooloniea
Labeok
Norway •
Anatrla
Portagal
Prnsaia
Bassia ( BalUo and White Sea
poru).....
Spain
Turkey
United SUtea
Bweden
Without fixed deatinatlon
(Op. avontaur)
Total
Under Ketherianda fUag,
With eargo. In hallaat.
JTo
246
17
77
80
20
113
29
8
7
2,188
Ou.
173,706
40,074
84e,207
41,025
87,832
60,840
38.497
15, 812
8.040
844^857
8,956
8,400,868
No,
21
60
8
111
72
4
129
457
Ou,
1,445
606
8,897
24,793
7,691
139,465
186,788
9,756
161,263
2,588
tTnder foxei|pi flagab
With
Jfe.
791
19
191
1
71
8
4
198
89
10
1
110
77
650, 138|8, 62514,586,812
Ok
117,678
86^607
88,837
281
64,532
18,987
7,188
70,004
23,678
20.026
751
849,969
83,489
804
In ballast
ife.
83
1
1
168
1
1
26
98
134
9
97
8
2,453
Ok
meten.
40,
8^207
8,143
186^480
390
1,233
46,179
143,713
355,640
1^598
94,905
7,156
TMaL
JTo.
8601
87
1
97
2
889
9
25
845
277
4,548,6718,623
2
183
810
18
Ou.
84aV148
78^788
388,941
8,874
266^810
19,827
46.253
184,728
945,858
678.225
8,791
720.182
842,763
10,048
18, 281^490
RUSSIA.
ODHSSA.
Importi into and exportt from Odessa during fears I888-'87.
IMPORTS.*
Articles.
Agricnltarai implements
Colonials
Dried fhilts
Fresh fVaits
Iron and steel
Jate sacks
Itfachiues
Ollve-oll
Cotton
Tea
Tobacco and cigars
Other articles
Total
1888.
Quantity.
Ibnt.
1,146
195, 867
2.713
1,656
8.300
9,482
2,058
1,618
4,550
15,671
615
205
39.477
Yalne.
1210,856
842,612
788,610
189.980
282,680
347,200
242,065
331,865
983,960
6, 110, 145
381. 440
229,865
6,179,940
283,467
1887.
Qoantlty.
Ton».
907
47,800
1,822
2,460
8,457
9,594
1,329
1,239
8.128
19,002
673
H26
66.988
15,079,217 ' 153,924
▼alne.
$111,600
215^846
535,036
906^245
271^710
498,165
170,210
180,885
711,270
6,452,615
860.760
549.850
4,742,566
16,010,
EXPORTS.
Wheat....
Barlev.....
Rye
Com
Oats
Bii^r ,
nbiir ,
Wool ,
All others .
Total
1,081,758
356. 660
216, 251
179. 280
60.539
42, 405
18.733
3,208
161,628
84,894,800
7, 715, 100
8. 707, 185
4, 914 450
1, 465, 200
6.784.040
987,225
1, 143. 650
7. 459, 600
2,070,462
67,571,250
605,887
263,451
ITS, 113
825.969
23.855
43.703
80,876
6,185
271,803
1.746,842
24,643,162
4,466,605
8,540.435
6,501,915
417,825
5^ 419, 200
1,984,809
8.308,290
13, 105, 726
68,877,047
H
Exclnsiye of coasting trade. -
EUROPE — RUSSIA.
379
Shipping return for the port of Odeeea in the year 1688.
SNT^BED.
AnstriMi...
Belgian....
British
Danish
Freooh ....
German....
Greek
Italian
Norweician.
BoMian....
Spanish....
Torkish ...
Others
Total
Katimiality.
Sailing.
No,
6
84
13
i
2
60
8,998
280
7.840
6,231
744
628
17,721
Steam.
154
10
877
14
22
9
17
00
19
189
6
8
1
1,881
Tont.
128,802
14.144
1, 115, 858
15.438
82,329
9,023
13,132
78.380
20.944
191,954
9,582
4,121
1,589
1, .634, 790
Total.
No.
160
10
877
14
23
9
51
78
19
193
6
5
1
1,441
Tom.
131,300
14,144
1,115,852
15, 438
32,609
9,028
20,072
83,617
20.944
192,608
9,582
4,749
1,589
1,662,517
CLEARED.
Austrian...
BelinMn ....
British....
Danish ....
Dutch
French
German....
Greek
Italian
Norwegian.
Russian....
Spanish
Torkish ...
Total
14
1
6
1
49
2,961
6,574
5,100
135
202*
14,962
155
9
857
14
1
23
10
16
65
18
106
5
3
1,372
128,886
13,091
1,097,662
15,486
1.589
32.617
10. 112
12,005
84,267
19,413
206, 857
7,907
4,121
1,634,103
160
9
857
14
1
23
10
44
79
18
197
5
4
1,421
131,837
13, 091
1,097,662
16.480
1,589
82,617
10,112
18,669
89,307
19, 413
206,002
7,907
4,323
1,649,066
United States Consulate,
Odesea, July 25, 1888.
Thos. Hsbnan,
COH8Ul,
RIGA.
Tho valae of declared exports from this consular district to the United States for
the year ending the 30th September, 1888, amount to $57,024.44, whiob, compared with
|6C,443.63 for 1887, shows a decrease of $9,419.19.
The articles exported have consisted chiefly of flax, gloTes,hemp, leather, and skins,
linseed, liquors, and printed books.
With regard to the import from the United States to this port there is no new feat-
ure to note. The articles, such as agricultural implements, machines, and tools are
coming in small quantities only, but the increased value of the .Russian paper cur-
rency of late will doubtless tend to augment the import. The rise in the rate of
exchange on London ftt)m the middle of February, when at its lowest point, up to the
present date, amounts to about 25 per cent.
The railroad ftom Riga through the Province of Livonia, which puts this port in
connection with large erain and flax-producing districts in the interior, is now nearly
finished, and will shorUy be opened to the traffic.
NAVIOATION.
The navigation to this port was interrupted from the beginning of January until
the end of April through ice in the Riga Bay, and from the re-opening up till this date
there have arrived in this port 1,147 steamers and 69*2 sailers, mostly under English,
German, and Scandinavian flags. No American vessel has visited this port during the
year.
r
380
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
TALUB OF BXP0KT8 AND HIPOBTB.
The Talae in 18d7 of imports was $12,638,751 ; exports, $26,138,205, which, com-
pared with 1886, importu $11,378,270, exports $17,005,427, shows an increase of
$1,160,481 iu imports and $9,132,778 exports, from which it will appear that the trade
from this port during the year under review has heen considerably increased, mostly
dae to the exceptionally |^ood crop in these districts. A large crop of grain is
expected this year, and owing to the failing crops in seyeral ports in Europe, this
country will be able to cover some of these.deficiencies, and in consequence a large
export business this autumn and next spring may be anticipated from this port. For
flax and hemp, which are also principal export staples mm this district, the pros-
pects of a' good crop are reported.
P. BORNHOLDT,
Qmsular Agent
United States Consxtlar Aobnot,
Miga^ Ootoher 6, 1888.
Navigation ol Biga during the year 1888.
Hag.
From or to—
Entered.
Clesred.
•
Steamers.
Bailers.
Steamers.
Sailers.
Danish
Belelnm
No,
21
60
9
2
29
7
1
3
8
1
1
a
1
Tont.
16,342
88,678
6,142
1,750
16.108
6,038
174
4,210
1,512
900
660
1,644
810
No.
Tons,
No.
86
42
19
10
13
IS
1
1
2
1
Torn.
81,764
16,834
16,796
9.064
4,586
12.984
174
1,666
856
600
No.
2
86
61
3
18
Ton*.
278
Denmark
77
28
■ V • ■
11
1
11,445
2,764
"""i'Si*
186
3.282
EnglAnd
France
Qermany
12,392
69S
2:608
Holland....*
Norway ...............
1
70
Rusais
8
8
84
382
Sweden
6
640
Datoh
Belf^ium.. .............
Denmark.
Enf^land.
France
29
1
11
42
1
8,108
464
8,860
15,968
240
1
1
1
8
828
660
828
6.216
6
1
7
67
1
2,140
GArmany
1.802
Holland
Rnsnia
8
6,884
22,610
374
Eiurliah
Belgium....
8
104
211
2
192
5
1
54
25
4,902
66.086
185.416
1.456
182, 596
4,170
896
45,474
15.488
26
1
529
85
6
26
17,698
742
402,296
83,604
8.918
17,796
Denmark.........
1
15
110
Ensland
10
2
1
2,098
562
110
4,798
"""»■•"*'■ ..............
France
Germany....
2
664
Holland
Norway
RnAsia
8
2
2,634
2,234
Sweden C...
United States
1
1
2
4
1
6
9
89
8
62
12
332
518
868
756
284
2,304
1,288
22.094
2,322
11,004
2,876
Enat Indies
West Indies
^^BDOD «*.■•■.•
France
7
L762
Russia
Qermsn
Belgian .•
28
21
9
19
178
81
1
4
9
16.282
8.906
4, tSb
11,020
96,370
17,930
754
1,070
4,572
58
8
11
86
104
68
83,808
2,646
7,200
20,404
63,054
41,040
10
4
94
1
77
20
3.704
416
Denmark..............
England
27,452
858
France
Germany ....... .......
11,964
4,926
Holland.
Italy
RuRsia
8
2
8
5
6
18
60
17
8
9
12
732
492
1,472
2,204
1,702
8.214
12,348
4,886
2,250
2,188
8,554
8
4
8.486
1,186
Sweden
1
180
United States
West Indies....
KorwegiSB
Beliriam
6
6
81
23
14
11
U
8
1
6
1,856
696
22,802
7,146
IL426
^n/.^iia.u. ..a... ........
England...
16
4,184
17
8
8
4
1
12
4,180
1.890
1,732
1,240
890
8,016
France
Germany,.....,
14
3,554
Holland
8,390
1,908
682
Norway.
13
3,970
Portugal
Rasaia ................
2
5
604
1,800
1
6
7
9
60
1,062
8,278
2,960
4
8
1,060
646
634
Sweden
888
United States
West Indies
EUBOPE — SPAIN.
381
NavigaHon at Biga during (he year 1888 — Continaed.
nag.
From or to-'
Entered.
Cleared.
*
Steamers.
Sailers. '
Steamers.
SaUers.
Hiufliiin .■■.■■■ 1
•
AfHca
Xo.
Tons.
No.
12
11
13
114
28
68
*
Tim*.
6.172
4,366
8,066
14,696
9,172
9.268
8,068
No,
Tom.
No,
Tont.
Bel|(luiii.... >.•■■■•..•.
2
12
16
1
11
2
1,152
6.604
8,820
8
5
16
1,684
1,794
9,164
17
6,772
Denniurk... .......... .
EnglaDd....A
FriLnoe ................
148
44
89
9
1
8
87
1
4
88,128
13,932
7,378
2,672
872
Germ anT.. ...... ......
9
8
8,794
1,830
Holland
Italf
^S~ '' -•".. ............
Portagal ..............
17
7
6
6,478
1,856
1,276
860
RuMlaa ...•••■........
267
6
69,608
2,314
5
4
2.008
988
6,984
680
Sweden ...............
Spftin
1,174
West Indiee
7
6
9
8
8
1
8,042
1,350
2,262
804
416
180
Swediflh
DffnmArk ..............
53
8
18,536
716
51
1
18,482
860
8
8
4
6
1
882
Eneland. ..............
2,062
1,186
966
Franoe ................
G-ermany.....
32
1
1
8
5
94
8,064
270
748
844
1,250
24,266
25
8
6,906
1,838
Holland
180
Italy
«M.*J ..................
Norway
6
8
104
1,978
896
28,866
SuBsia
• « • • •
7
4
972*
1,^
Sweden................
2
810
West Indies
1,611
877.76*
896
202,546
1,356
818,722
919
229,266
SPATN^.
BABCEXiOXA.
REPORT BY CONSUL SCHEUCK
I have the honor to transmit a statistical report on the international oommeroe of Bar-
celona both by sea and by land daring the year 1888.
IMPOBTATIOKS.
That the importations of 1888 have been about eqnal to those of the preyioas year,
presenting a net total of 812,042 tons, against 819,892 tons in 1887.
SESULTB.
Coffee shows an increase of 458 tons. The importation from Porto Rico increases in
proportion to the annual lowering of duties. It is also worthy of notice the increase in
the imports from the Philippine Islands, which enjoy the same advantages as t^e West
Indies.
Hard coal shows an increase of 35,189 tons. The consumption of coal is increasing
with the progressive use of gas for domestic purposes; the public and private illuminar
tions during the festivals of the exposition considerably increased the consumption also.
Two exclusive qualities were imported from England: Cardiff coal, twice silled, to pro-
duce steam; Newcastle coal, for gas and heating.
TimbfT and lumber increased 2,688,000. The increase casual. The importation from
the United States did not exceed 1, 172,000 pitch pine and fir, for boxes, against 8,700,000
in 1887. The timber from Canada, Austria, and Roumania were also less, those of Fin-
land having had a greats demand, the importation of which has been this year 56,224
against 41,800 in 1887, owing to the cheapness of freight resulting from the large num-
ber of Swedish and Danish ships which ^remained disposable on account of the non-
transportation of alcohol, which formerly gave them freight.
Unrefined petroleum^ black roeiny and dry pitch increased 5,773 tons, coming from the
United Stat^ since the only importations which took place in 1887 came from Russia,
382 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
and were saspenclecl owing to the danger of ita transportation bj the Mediterranean, on
accoant of its excessive inflammability. Dry rosin is imported from England (2,500
tons) and is used in mixing up with coal dust from San Juan de las Abadeaaa, thereby
forming the mixture into a kind of brick to bnm in lodomotlvee.
There has been a diminution in oils, on account of a recent reform in custom-house
duties (May 14), so that oils of less density (900° below) which are the cheapest and
most generally used, pay mpre duties than those of more density (above 900^). This
is quite an obstacle to its importation. The same thing hiC(>pens to the valvoline of the
United States, which must be paid for at the same rate as the oils, which being an ar-
ticle that is substituted for tallow, it would be more logical to have it paid M the same
rate. The result is that there has been no importation of valvoline.
As to resinous materials tbere are considerable quantities introduced from France and
England of bituminous residues.
Hemp shows an increase. The introduction of hemp, belonging to the daas for feather-
grass, for rope making and ''alpargatas'' (a kind of sandal) did not suffer any altera-
tion excepting jute, which was imported from British India in large quantities for the
manufacture of carpets and mixing with other goods.
Potato starch shows a casual increase of 806 tons.
Those which were diminished in quantity were—
Wheat decreased 14,475 tons. The United States did not export to this country in
1888 more than 18,707 tons, against 64,774 in 1687. The cause of this decrease was —
Arrivals from Gandial de Castella, the effects of the abundance of the last crop and
of the lowering of the price of transportation; arrivals from the Black Sea and Lower
Danube, 93,0(^ tons, against 63, 000 in 1887; the Argentine Republic also contributed
7,267 tons to the supply of this place (2,616 tons in 1887), due more to the lack of freights
than to the excess of production, for vessels whic^ had to return in ballast from La Plata
seeking cargoes for the ports of Europe. The progress of that republic in the culture
of wheat and wine can not already be denied.
'Flour. — The introduction of wheat flour from France and Austria did not exceed 3,500
tons, including those that come by land. However, it was triple the amount of the pre-
vious year, thanks in part to diminished duties of entry and partly that our neighbors
grant to exporters a prime of 5 per cent cash, in vieV of which the flour industry of
Spain is asking for an increase on the duty of Importation and which is already believed
will be from 10 to 12 per cent, per 100 kilosp
In recapitulating the importation of flour in all Spain during the flrst quarter of the
last three years, the result is: In 1886, 9,000,000 kilograms; in 1887, 20,000,000; in
1888, 35,049,190.
At this rate it is very evident that it will soon eclipse the importation of wheat not
only from the Black Sea but from the United States, if some reform does not take place
in favor of the Spanish millers.
Com shows a decrease, which is explained by the complete paralyzation of alcoholic
industry since the promulgation of the law against alcohols.
Sugary 7,008 tons less, in consequence of which there is a scarcity in the deposits, and
prices are firm. The consumption of sugar is also prejudiced by the introduction of
''sacharina" (mineral sugar), which is daily on the increase, applied to the manufacture
of cordials, sirups, sweetmeats, etc.
Alcohol decreases. The arrivals from (Germany and Sweden ceased completely, even
before the prohibition; the exhorbitant duties proposed upon alcohol, and the fear of
the importers that the duties would be made retrogressive, on the day of its promulga-
tion, upon the existing deposits, and which actually occurred, even with national pro-
duction, was the cause. This proceeding caused so much disgust to the alcoholic industry
and to commerce that many establishments were closed in consequence, in various parts,
causing much discussion and opposition to this unfortunate law, and which may be
repealMl, since the income to the treasury is almost nil. Whilst no modification is
made it will be impossible to give this article a start, as the actual duties will prevent
it, and consequently what is on sale of alcohol or strong spirits or mm from Sautiago
have no offer or purchaser. In 1888 the importation of the latter was not more than 873
tons against 1,3^ in 1887.
Since last June there were no importations either from Germany or Sweden.
The cultivators of wine are also opposed to the law, on account of the preparation of
their wines for exportation. •
Codfish, — The normal consumption of this article is 6,000 tons, and the difference of
one year to the other is merely casual.
Meats show a decrease. This year there were no importations of meat from Algiers,
those of Mancha and Andalusia, and which have suffered a great reduction in price from
the effect of the low price of wool and skins and other economical cixcumstances, being
greatly preferred.
li
EUBOFE — SPAIK.
383
Cotton decreased. The introdaction from the United States was in 1888, 28,997 toils,
against 30,342 in 1887. Then followed the manofactarinK crisis, which much dimih-
ished the exportation of cotton jEOods to the West Indies and Sonth America. However,
in coDseqaence of the small* quantity in first hands, the price of cotton has improved,
and thoagh few the reqaLsitioas that may he made to manafactare, so far as can be
judged, prices have improved, and the rise will be firm.
Charcoal decreased. This article continues to diminish on account of the greater
employment of gas for heating purposes.
Lime and cement decreased. This article has again returned to its normal importa-
tion demanded by building industry, which is about 10,000 tons annually, not having
been so much in demand in 1888 as during 1887 on account of the extra work of the
future exposition.
Wrought and cast iron decreased. The annual consumption is from 12,000 to 15,000
tons and the difference of one year or the other is purely casual, for there is no metal-
lurgical establishment in the country; consequently, it must provide itself from foreign
countries, although from Bilbao they are beginning to obtain bars and sheets which are
preferred to those of Belgium by the rustic classes.
Ouano less. The introduction of this manure is diminishing in consequence of the
increasing consumption of the chemical manure coming mostly irom the Bisque prov-
ince.
Mahogany. — ^The stores are well supplied with the smaller cuts, there being, however,
a good assortment in deposits in the hands of speculators. At the present time cedar is
somewhat scarce, and is much sought after. The introduction of mahogany and walnut
veneers from France has also somewhat diminished on account of the quantity in de-
posit and also for lack of work in this branch of industry.
Wax. — ^The imjtortation of wax does not exceed 157 tons, since that imported from
Germany is throwing the native product out of the market.
The total imports of manufactured articles in 1888 was more or less equal to that of
the previous year, being 51,862 tons against 50,774 in 1887.
It appears to me superfluous to ent^r into the description of the infinite variety of
small articles which are manufactured, so I shall limit myself to those articles of greater
consumption with which commerce supplies itself. The principal articles imported were
as follows: Lithographic stones and fine slate glassware for table service, tubes, rulers,
globes, prisms, siphons, mattresses, retorts, syringes, funnels, sheet-glass, and looking-
glasses, etc, window-glass for buildings, stone slabs for pavements, porcelain and flint-
ware for table use and ornaments, kitchen-ware, irons for ironing of cast-iron, sledge-
hammers, rivets, screws and nails, cooking-pans and forged kitchen-ware, locksmiths'
work, etc. ; coffee-pots, tinware and sheet tin, cutlery, knives, razors, needles, pins, etc. ;
fire-arms (revolvers, rifles, cartridges), metallic table ware, trays, lamps, gas apparatus,
etc. ; types for printing, capsules and sheet-tin, varnishes and colors, printing and writ-
ing inks; every kind of chemical produce for the arts, industry, and pharmacy; dextrine
and glucose, sulphate of copper, bromide of potassium, chlorhydrate of aniline, oxalic
acid, etc ; glue and albumen, linen-thread goods and stamped wool; every kind of su-
perior goods, carpets and pelts; every kind of paper, Bristol, Cartoline, fine pasteboard,
wood paste, cut paper; wooden furnitaro, curved and straight; tanned and varnished
leather, motive and industrial machinery, oil-cloths for tables, fiooring, lining, and pack-
ing, starched goods.
To oonclnde, I will now give an account of the different artidee imported from the
United States:
QuantUiea and artidea imported.
ArtioleB.
Bmli beef. % kilogramH...
Lard ..do
Wheat do
Wheat flour do
Corn flour do
Sugar do
Wine and beer do
Preserved flab ^..do
Onyx do
Refractory bricks, crisoles do
Black roflfn .do
Unrefined petrolel.m do
Wax do
Oitton do
Staves number...
Pitch pine and flr ..cubic meters...
Quantities.
1,100
99.fi81
18,707,480
6.745
19,800
131
9, SOI
815
453
SO,(X)0
1,921,689
5,789,408
946
28,997,028
998,460
1,172
Articles.
Oedar boards and tie6..oubic meters...
Cedar insheetfl do....
Broken coal ....kilograms.
Hides do....
Intestines «... do....
Ck)mmon hollow glass do.....
Porcelain do....,
Jewelry of American gold ,^...do....,
Cast-iron goods ..do....
Cabt-iron goods, extra do....
Worked wire do....,
Nails for boxes of petroleum ...do.... <
Worked-iron goods > do.....
Sheet-tin work w^..... do....,
Knives do....,
Bevolvera ........iM«MM..MM....M....do..i.<
Quantities.
12,700
1,890
176,000
3,890
60.766
80,739
43
28
9,003
624
50
1,787
817
9
102
43
384
COMMEBCUL BELATIONS.
(iwrntUies and etrtkies tinporM— ContinaedL
Arftldlas.
Quantiilea.
*
Artiolat.
Qnantillea.
Braas hardware kOo^nMna...
JYickled hardware *. ^do
82
11
143
885
280,000
1,282
4,662
2,260
786
88,961
2,400
25
1,856
68
867
7,835
2,804
2,472
10
4
8
Paper, half starohed kilograma...
Cut naoer for letters ...do......
2,898
67
Manufactured sine do
Hardware of other metala do .....
Gatupeche wood do......
Print«a advertisements .....xlo......
Engravings and chromoa...^^Mdo......
8aDd*papor do
Albumeniced papor ....m«**~ do......
Pasteboard boxes ..^.m... .^.do ......
Common woodwork ........ ......do...^
Common woodwork, fine do
Common woodwork, fine, gUt.do ......
Fancy skins .....m*. ....M.M.do......
Feathers and feather mat-
tresses ..........kilograms...
Harmoniums number..
Harvesters ...kilograma...
Sunning machinery...... do
Carriages number..
Toilet-cases do.....
Qum-elastio syringes....... do......
fi,186
880
2,501
18
1,198
737
249
87
42
1
605
Cotton-oil do
Anise-aeed do
Prussian blue ....do
Eztraoiof Campeche wood do
Varnish ..do
Dtyer in powder............* do
Cement do
Olue ^ - do
Medioliial pllla m«. do
Tannin do
Florida water .> do
176
81,600
1
Twine do
46
Wliite cotton goods do
White cotton goods, stamped ..do
160
KXPOBTATION&
The exportatioDB by sea in 188B were 145,659 tons against 136,861 in 1887, an increase
of 8,808 tons. Raw materials, 1888, 10,515 tons; in 1887, 5,363 tons; 5,152 tons more.
Alimentary substances, 1888, 110,417 tons; in 1887, 116,434 tons; 6,017 tons less.
Mannfactared goods, in 1888, 24,727 tons; in 1887, 15,054 tons; 9,673 tons more.
The increase of raw material is accounted for by larger exports to the colonies. Italy
also got a supply of old iron from the Northern Railroad.
In the alimentary substances may be noticed a considerable increase in the exporta-
tion of oranges, lUmonds, olive-oil, and brandy.
H'tnes. — Notwithstanding the obstacles which the French custom-house opposes to the
introduction of Spanish wines since its non-intercourse with Italy, the importation has
not diminished in France.
To these difficulties is to be added the circumstance that the new Tineyards in France
are beginning to prosper. We can foresee how far France can compete with Spanish
wines. On the other hand, the cultivation of the vine has been greatly developed in
Spain in consequence of the handsome profits obtained from tbe neighboring nations,
in consequence of which the deposits of wines in the hands of the cultivators is very
considerable, and they continue to keep up the price in proportion to the demand.
Almonds, — This product is very animated in the localities where it is cultivated, and
well in demand, as it is scarce in second bands. People are confident that the next crop
will be a very superior one, because the stormy weather having subsided somewhat
earlier than in previous years, a most favorable season is anticipated for the flower and
fruit
O^fi^-otX^-The progress in the care of the making is the cause of the increase of the
exportation, and fUso of the cultivation of the olive, being enabled already to calculate
the actual production of all Spain in 3,360,000 hectoliters.
In manufactured goods there was an increase of 9,674 tons, principally of earthenware
goods, soap, and candles for the West Indies and the Philippine Islands, and other places of
less note. The exportation of cotton goods suffered a considerable diminution.
As to other articles manufactured locally, such as cigarette-paper, corks, leather shoe),
and alpargatas (a kind of sandal much worn here), fans, playing-cards, and guitars, there
has been no variation in the figures of last year, and they are exported with invariable
regularity to the Spanish Possessions, including the West Indies, Martinique, and Trini-
dad, which are of French and English dominion.
To resume, the exportation from Barcelona to foreign countries is limited to wine, olive-
oil, almonds, oranges, rags, red pepper, and saffron.
NAVIGATION.
The result in 1888 is an increase upon 1887 of 122 vessels, and 322,730 tons; 180
steamers more, and 58 sailing-vessels less.
The entries with Spanish flag have been 967 steamers, 1,684 sailing vessels of 962,893
tons against 892 steamers; 1,667 sailing-vessels of 780,882 tons in 1£§7.
EUROPE — SPAIN.
385
I have to attribute this incrwpo to tbo nationi^ and colonial mo?ement cansed by
tbe Universal Exposition, on account of which occasion the Peninsula and Weat Indies
regulu tmnsport sendees were greatly, but by no means adequately, increased.
The entries under the Italian flag have been 109 steamers and 173 sailing vessels of
229,227 tons in pl/ice of 50 steamers and 163 sailing-vessels of 137,142 tons in 1887, an in-
crease of 50 steamers, 10 sailing-vessels of 92,085 tons. The result may bo attributed to
the development of intercourse of the port ol Genoa with the republics of La Plata more
than direct communication with this port on account of the exposition.
Whilst 44 steamers of 1,200 to 2,800 tons each le/t Genoa with 46,813 passengers en
route for La Plata, only 874 passengers landed at this port The number of passengers
that followed on to America can be estimated at 45,949 persons besides a few who left
Spain, the number of whom I could not well ascertain.
The French flag had an increase of 26 vessels and 64,033 tons. The exposition con-
tributed very litUe to angment the movement of Cette and Marseilles.
The Swedish flag suffered a considerable diminution on account of stopping the ship-
ments of alcohols from Stettin and Carlshamn in conseqaeuce of the law to which I have
referred elsewhere.
The movement of other flags was more or less the same as in the previous year.
In this statement is not included the ships-of-war, which were 94 with 26,500 men,
nor the pleasure yachts, whidi were 36 with 4,096 tons.
Fbbd'k H. Sohbuch,
UKirxD Statks Consulatjc
Barcelona, March 1, 1889.
Importations at Barcdofuu
Alimentary tubatanMa,
Live-Btock, oattle, hogs, sheep
PouUry ,
Meat and lard, salt meats.
CodOBh and Malt tlsh
Rice
Wheat
Wheat flour
Other cereals and dried vegetables.
Fruits and plants
Sugar
Cocoa.. .....'.
Ck>free
Spices, cinnamons, cloves, pepper, tea.
Alcohol, brandy, and liquors
Beer
Wine
Various preserves and eatables
Oat&, seeds. carrotSb.
Mineral waters ,
Shrubs and living plants, grape shoots.
Ice
Total alimentary substances.
B€uv prodttetM.
Unworked marble, Jasper, etc
Mineral ooal
Building material, lime, brickn, etc
Oils, mineral, and resinous matters
Minerals
Iron, steel, smelting iron
Ck>pper, tin, bronze.. «
Staniol sine and alloyings ^
Wax (animal and artificial)..
Textiles :
Cotton
Undressed hemp, linen. Jute
Wool, horse-hair, hair
Bsparto nnd other vegetable flben.
lOtUlaE 26
From the
United
StatM.
KUogranu.
100,787
18,707,480
6,740
10,800
From all oountries.
1888.
131
2
239.601
310
19,074,761
453
80,000
7,711,097
046
28,997,028
KUogranu.
267,200
219,797
6r>5,547
6,328,536
547,918
184,272,686
2,819,233
21,302,137
472,008
20,013,090
1, ISO. 119
2,304,600
279, 413
9,409,167
204,092
668,005
1,687.106
699,900
74.987
9,760
202,000
204,883,009
8,876,760
876,227,010
10,838,283
14,980,888
855,612
13,408,170
262,081
180.235
666,089
87,649,282
9,761,911
600,659
973.000
1887.
}
7bn«.
2,078.8
516.8
563.8
6.509.6
152,094.9
82.818.8
870.7
27,922.2
1, 108. 1
1.836.6
321. 4
17,847.2
137.6
20a8
962.9
1,953.7
106.2
246.889.5
3,904.1
841,038
14.982.6
9,207.5
578.1
14,299.2
898.1
180.2
674.4
41,180.9
6.180.4
479.2
M6.7
886
COlflfEBCIAL REIJLTION&
JtyorfcOtow a< BarDei0iia--<>mtinii«d.
Lumber :
9W90 ••«••• ••••••
Wood and planko^..,
Welfcht
Fio« wooda— -mahoKany, cedar, and oork......
Vegetable ooal, firewood .
Raw hidee
Tallow and animal oflUa
Guano and like.....
Shell, Irory, Jet, amber, born, etc
Bubber, caoutohouo.
«•••••••••••*•••••■■•••
Total raw materiala..
Jfom^ofltured artieUt.
Olaia and oryetal ware ^ »
Oeimmio delt, flini, poreelain
Jewelry, sold, ■tlTer« ■UTerware~....«M.<
Fancy goods
Drnn:
Palm and ooooa oils. ^..
Oampeacby wood and others ^
Others, simple products
Coloring matters, Tarnish, tint.
Chemical and pharmaceutical products.
Staroh, com flour
Soap, wsK candles, perfumery
Cotton.
Threads
•••«e** ■••••**•••«•• »••••»
F^tnn the
United
KUograma.
•968,409
ti,m
6,64S,645
14,818
170,000
8,800
60,766
42,640,048
80,780
48
B71
880,000
8.813
44,018
U,06»
Hemp, linen, Jute
>I,nair..
Woo
Silk and floss silk
Cotton ^................. ...
Textures:
Hemp, linen, Jnte ,
Wool, nair, and compound
Silk and compound
Papers:
Writing and printing.........
Prints, books, engrayings .
Colored, deeorated.
••••••eeseeee^e* ••••••«•••••••«••••• ••••••••e ••«•••■
• eeee#e«»*a«*»»a »*•••« •»•••••*■
Wrapping paper, carton
ttui
Ordinary furniture..
Fine furniture
Baskets, hoop of wood, Inolosures, trellis.
Leather and leather goods... ^
Feather and feather goods
Pianos organs, harmoniums
Watches (gold, silver, nickel)
cable and wall docks ..^......
Bfachinery :
^VkiICuI vUav* 0CwlWMe •••••• •«•••• •«*«9«e«««ees»«e««e«e9e«a*«*a*«»**«*e9eee««ee
Ifotors
Of industries, loose pi
Coaches «...
Carts and small carts.
Dressing and adorning and turned articles
Sticks and canes for sunshades
Buttons
•••*•• ••
• •«•••••«•••*• •••••••« s«* •••••• •••••■••«••••■•
Morocco articles (etuis, portfolios, bags, etc). .
Rubber articles and gumming textures ,
Oil-eloth..
Umbrellas and sunshades ......^
Fancy trimmings, fflass beads
Hats and caps
Cartouches.
Wicks
•es *••••• .
•»*s« ••••••••
Total manufactures..
Grand total, 1888 tons...
Gnuid total, 1887 do
8.471
10
• • • •••«»e»«eaee*««
■■•••• •*«e*e«4
••■••• •a«s«* ••••••
8,400
6.066
8,619
1,198
986
87
42
n
176
81,610
•1
i«*»«e«es %•«•■•••
46
160
474
484,949
Fkom an eovntidesL
*a. 778, 788
t6S,475
48^875,688
1,089.681
80,540,060
8,706,216
6,998,676
2,231,075
88,800
17.
621,108
110, 131
090,796,868
U7,188
8,842,991
184.196
t988
4,618,751
819,146
6,68iL886
681,178
4,880,810
18,870,978
8,066,798
88, 9U
185,068
1,807,087
08,948
18,6eO
877, 8U
88,901
198|706
18,818
l,89^4a8
110,706
88,748
1,191,686
479.218
109,894
46,998
88.022
1,968
*148
8,066
18,149
10,812
848,088
8» 001, 480
•9
61,780
1,090
•81.547
n,(tfo
19,864
47,991
•8,087
1,851
•84, nr
27,476
12,808
8,878
61,802,488
812,041,
•8,743,436 «
159,787
4S.6ia8
1,828.9
80,279
8,85L7
5.789.7
8,009.8
8.4
84.2
022,228.8
1».0
1,887.6
854.4
n. 802. 88
1,017.9
1BQL7
}
8,778.8
4,186c8
16,640.5
7,759.7
145.1
289.8
1,004.6
54.9
10.6
879.9
78L7
868.8
16
1,971.8
62.2
40.4
1,161.8
889.9
167.6
47.8
24.4
•167
619
liW
87.9
408.8
17,516
512.6
0.9
6.1
».7
0.7
7.9
40
. L5
4.6
4.8
19.4
27
2.8
00,774.2
819,092.5
'Zfonibtc.
tM.a
IBs.
BUBOPB — SPAINi
387
Sq^ortB (hpma)fiom Barcdoiia, 1888L
Total.
TolaL
•
1888.
1887.
1888.
1887.
Balldioff m*terlAU,.»
Minenl waters. .......«•
Old liron .—.
2,160,618
168,582
8,867,480
206,123
404,831
8.300
660,816
3,378,087
1,377,210
SbfM.
641.4
108.7
14.9
184.9
U048.8
41
846.0
1,888
942.1
Mommfadwnd arlietM
^Continned.
Hardware, machin«
ery m........
PancT iroods
Jraotframs.
176,680
li0,480
608,881
66,470-
196,026
1,068,628
6^628,872
1,066,938
378,484
1,886,840
47,080
8,399
942,012
1,711,686
174,496
46,836
286,859
799,768
13,488
72,156
4,206
^48, 282, 000
tW,«6
•110
•3.099
•77
89,894
3btM.
161
A7
Old oopper. ^ne, mer-
cary, ie«a
Wool, lior8«-hAlr„
Vesetable fibers.*
Drugs:
Cream tartar..
Lioorioe....»..M
096.8
208
*
lUwhldee, tallow,
bones, borns..
Cloths, wool and oot-
ton remAins....M
Ohemioal and
pharmaoeutloal
867
Boap
4,919.8
066.4
966.6
Wax and tallow can-
dles
Cordage and peek-
thraads. IZZ...
ToUI rmw ma-
terials...........
10.616.418
6.8814
Textnres :
Cotton and hemp.
Wool and com-
pound
Alimtntar^ tub-
ftaaeMi
286,881
1,860,861
896,967
810,887
491,438
8,468
481,397
182,600
106.804
748.400
8.006.448
016.445
109,176.468
2
1,460
872.7
1,177.1
10
864.8
173
8.7
1,046.8
990.8
627.6
110,806
8,808.9
88.2
Meats and lUh.....*..^.
Oralnsand dried
▼egetables ....... .....
Al>nonds»
Silk and oom-
ponnd M..
(Smoking) paper,
cigarette
Other papers, prints,
engraving and cur-
8.2
718.6
Other Imlts.......^......
1,411
280.4
79.4
284.8
688.6
20.2
Red pepper »....*m.m«>
IffoleMM
Colonial artioles........
Preserves and T a r 1-
OQS eatBMes..«.MM»...
Olive oU.
Wood manufisoturea
Baskets ...................
Calceated and other
manufactures .......
Alcobd, brandy, and
Playing cards.........*
Guitar cords ..........
Sftndftls ••«•••«•*•••• •••••e
\M VLl aBa 9e •••««•••••••••••*•«
Various .................
Other manu-
fiMtures .......
Total, 1888 ..
Total, 1887
81.6
8.1
ifyinei. .«».»......< >.»>—»—»»
«87.148.000
t61.R16
•96
1.439
•180
79.4
Total alimeni-
ar 7 sub-
110,418,924
U8,484
Glass and orystal
Pottery, mosaics,
194,824
8,888,266
188
742.2
94,736,808
146,688,283
»««.■........« ......
16,063.7
186,861,1
ZfombeK.
fDOMB.
r
388
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Navigatim aiihe p»i of BarceUma, 188a
ENTBRBD.
Flac*
SpMiUh:
From PhlllpplBS
Ifllandflw «..
mnom Aiii6rlcib>««M
From foralgxi „»m*—
OoasUiiff ...... ^....
Ty>Ul SpMilth.
BDC1I4II...M.. • M«M.
French...... «.,.«»•
Qerinftii ...... M...
Italian ......
l'vorwefftan.«..*M.......M.
D^vQQlSn. ...... ..........•••..
I.........
........ .....
Austrian . ...^ m..
]>atoh...^....,
DaniwiM.M. M
Biuaian
BelgiAn......M..
Poriugui
North AmarloMi
TotaL..
TotiJ, 1887 .........
In*
in 1888.
JTp.
14
87
4B3
418
987
288
316
66
109
66
80
80
13
3
22
1
1
Saninc
Jb.
•* «•• ••• ••• «
1.853
1.673
■■••• ••••••
66
68
1,566
1,684
18
4
173
8
6
14
6
1
4
83
1,874
1.083
I «•••••••»•« AS^
TotaL
No.
14
158
606
1.970
2,661
886
230
65
382
78
'85
84
17
8
88
33
1
1
1
8,7«7
8,806
128
Tonnacn.
87,173
158,916
408.002
858,712
963,893
800,352
374.453
64.880
239,227
80,444
83,818
31,878
11.786
1,118
17,947
11,864
866
304
618
l,011,74fi
1,589,015
823,780
Or»w.
No.
1,863
4,376
13.710
31,366
40,706
6,796
6,640
1,888
10,198
1.096
602
489
868
88
478
801
38
7
14
66,018
61,368
6.760
No.
1.708
916
6,436
15,488
28,480
3
6,643
66
3
3
•«••••«•• ••« 9mi
12
84,508
49,010
Totalainia87.
No.
18
138
487
1,981
1^650
840
104
67
318
70
87
40
17
8
80
38
i
1
1
8,605
Tbna.
83,134
88,883
818,037
847,880
780,881
874,866
310,883
61,808
184.454
83,980
M,870
23,090
11,644
19,788
11.007
816
180
••••*«••■ ■* *«•
1,680,018
CLEARED.
Flac.
Spanish :
To Philippine Isl-
anda!
To America..........
Toforeiq^..
Ooaetinir
• •■ •«•••« ••«
••••«••••«••
Total Spanish
English..
French
German
Italian
Norwegian
Swedish
vireeK .■«...•.. .............
Anstrlan...MM.<
DUtOh ...... M.M.
Danish..
Russian
Belgian
Portngnese..
North American
Total
Total, 1887
• •••«••«•««•••»•
•»•••••••
In
lnI888u
Steam-
ers.
No.
14
85
406
412
967
2)^
210
64
107
64
80
2
31
1
1
1,840
1,710
Sailing
vessels.
iVb.
63
49
1,560
1,672
5
4
187
9
5
18
6
1
4
22
1
1,878
1.876
Total.
»•*•■••••••«•••
No.
14
148
506
1,973
3.639
287
214
64
294
78
81
42
17
8
25
22
1
1
1
3,718
8,586
183
Tonnage.
86,847
160,118
406,816
867,912
959,683
259,606
272,222
64,212
333,784
80,447
34,749
21,399
12,206
1.210
17, 101
U,907
866
204
658
1,900,103
1,723,899
185,604
Grew.
No.
1.701
4,277
18,661
20,914
40,657
5,868
6,508
1,852
10,887
1,087
496
468
881
82
464
808
88
7
14
67,926
61,258
6,668
geiB.
No.
1,208
3,288
4.203
16.110
24.287
6^413
47
6,160
8
1
•••— — *•— >i
»•••••*»•••■<
••••••••• ••*••
8
87,801
89,019
Tntalalnl887.
No.
18
179
870
1,883
8,544
837
201
66
808
88
88
40
17
8
80
33
1
1
1
8,886
SbiM.
86,096
148.048
838,775
884,885
892.574
896,748
313,020
63.863
180,293
38,607
36,964
98,808
0,937
3,381
81, 180
U,486
816
304
1,738,898
IT. 8. CONSULATI,
Baredma^ March 1, 1889.
FBSDSBIOE H. SCHXUOHy
ConmL
n
EUROPE — SPAIN.
889
CADIZ.
ImporU ai OadiM, 8paif^ for the year ending December SI, 1888L
Deaorlptioii.
Barley ^ kilo^ramH...
Beer » .- liters...
Butter M.. M. kiloKrams...
Co»l ^ do
Ooooa.....M,M....... „ do
Oodflah do
Coffee..... do
Cheese do
Drags do
Flour... «... do......
Hides.. .....MM.....M M*. do......
Iron:
Bundles « do
HuUs, 2 (tons of 1,000)...
Tubes kilograms...
Wrought do.
NeatcAttle head...
Petroleum kilograms...
Pitch and tar ..do
Potatoes do......
Preserves do
Pork (haoon, hams, lard) ...^ do
Bioe, nulled...... do
Sleepers..... oublo meters...
Spirits . — liters...
Stares piece*...
Steel bars kilograms...
Sugar „ do
Textiles, all kinds do
Wheat do
Wines, sparkling liters...
Wrought timber.. kilograms...
Wood, pine oubio meters...
Quantity, net.
806,045.00
78,296.00
27,153.00
49,697,598.00
11,653.00
252.751.00
867,297.00
52,808.00
283,028.00
212,381.00
122,592.00
1,096,669.00
147.86
146,171.00
760,247.00
1,294.00
315,293.00
2,842,680.00
488,938.00
2,8H0.00
339,143.00
426,482.00
7,983.00
4,102,979.21
2,890,661.00
217,322.00
2,496,931.00
121,514.00
5,441.00
6.902.00
110,596.00
16,091.34
Value.
tl5,882.00
11,744.00
10,861.00
807,580.00
6,99L00
87,912.00
433,648.00
16,812.00
69.908.00
10,610.00
65,166.00
76,026.00
22,177.00
11,693.00
114,037.00
77,640.00
63,068.00
112,507.00
8,778.00
864.00
101,742.00
'29,853.00
135.711.00
820,595.84
289,066.00
19,559.00
874,839.00
Unknown.
826.00
6,521.00
83,178.00
257.461.00
Whsnoa lmport«d.
Canary Islands.
England, Germany.
Germany, Denmark.
England.
Venezuela.
England, Germany.
Cuba, Manilla.
England, Germany, Holland.
England, France, Germany.
France, Germany.
Biver Plate.
England.
Do.
Do.
England and France.
Morocco, Canary Islands.
United States.
Germany, Russia, Sweden,
Belgium. ^
France.
England, Pimnoe, Germany.
England.
England, Germany.
France^
Germany, Russia, Sweden.
United States.
England.
Germany, Cuba, ManOla.
England, Franoe, Germany.
France.
Do.
Austria, Germany.
Exparte from OadU, Spain, for the year ending December 31, 1888L
Description.
Quantity, net.
Value.*
Whither exported.
Canary seed do ,
Chestnuts, green » ..do
Corks thousand ...
Cbrkwood ^ kilograms...
Flgs.M.
t ... ... ... ... ...... I
>...do.
i'^ining'eartn...M...... ... M. ...... m..m...cio......
^jirapes.. ... ... ............ ... ..« ...... ... ... ...uo.....<
Lead ...mwm .do
Liquors........ ......liters...
Lioofioe paste .....kilograms...
Old copper and iron .do
OHts <M do
Olires and capers ~ do
Oranges and lemons do......
Playing cards do
Prei
Raisins
Salt. ....
..... ............ ... ......... ........I
Sardines. ... M.
Vermioelli....
■••••••••••e* •••■•«••••■
..do.
...do.
....do.
.do.
do.
Wheat and flour...
.liters...
Wool.
» »M».«» ... ...
M»M..kilogram8 ...
160,006.00
888,025.00
107.060.00
49,598.50
301,531.00
640,839.00
420,683.00
87,799.00
091.154.00
154.939.00
152.961.00
48,082.00
4,644,758.00
2,128,673.00
403,919.00
66,878.00
21,807.00
12,949.00
179,407.544.00
869.878.00
800,418.00
71.494.00
23,962.029.00
80,82L00
13,201.00
86,802.00
5.853.00
138,861.00
0,045.00
01,227.00
. 8,698.00
1,880.00
79,292.00
46,481.00
7,649.00
672.00
928,941.00
255,440.00
72,705.00
80,247.00
0,642.00
1,942.00
8,588,150.00
36,987.00
120,062.00
7,149.00
4,816,766.00
8,686.00
England.
England and United States.
Cuba.
America.
America and Manilla, Bng-
^ land, France.
'Cuba, Philippine Islands,
Mexico, Germany, BiTor
Plate, etc.
England, France.
England and Cubo.
Belgium.
Cuba, Mexico, and Amerioa.
England, United Stotes.
France.
America.
Do.
England.
Cu^ Philippine Islands,
Mexico, River Plate.
Cuba and River Plate.
Cuba, Manilla, River Plate.
France and America.
Canary Islands and Cuba.
Cuba, Philippine Islands,
River Plate, etc
Cuba.
England, France, Germany,
etc., America.
England.
^ Including costs and charges.
390
COkMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
Nioiffaiwn ai HUpcH of OmUii ei^ak^f$r HU ftor Mitaf Deeember 31, 188&
>»»«»««#♦•••—>—•»••—•»■••———»•<•••
Caba....
SmIb. ....^
UniUdSUtas.
•••• *»»«»»»■»«»•»»«—»•
^r9«nMn«>la0.
OUmt eoQntrl«8.. ~«...-
BlT«r PUto.
»•»■» ••••••
••*••♦•••
•««••••••
B^tgianflag,
Belstam........^ ^.
BroMlHan flag.
Bnsland
Other oountries.
Uniidd auUM..
•■—■■ «••••••*■
•••• • •«••««•« •■•••••»•••••••
DaniiA >lcv*
Denmark
Other countries.
' DuUhJIag.
H^llj^d ...i.......
other oouoiriee*..... •.•.•*■••• .•■.••*••••.••.
^mt^hjlag.
VrAnee.
Other oountrtee.
United 8t«t«s — ..
I eee •«•*••
t««#ee •••••••■•■•• •••••••
^■^^V W^MV^V J^^^^ww^
OeFinMi]r».w.MM.MMM
Ottier oountrlee .m.«
••• ••• •«e«aeeMB*«a*a«e ••••»
QrukJUtg,
ItaUan/Utg, ^
Italy ~
Other oountriee ,
umceo cNAsee.......... M.. ....*.•*'
....•*••..•.
Fortttg^UMt flag.
Other eonntriee....
A VC vUKMI ■«■•*••••««• •■«««««ee«*e« ••••••« e«*«eeeee
UB«eAQ OUkvOflMees ■••••• •«ee**««ee*eeeee«*a*»*«
Mmuianflag,
Other ooimtrlee...
BoeeiA
»#•••• ee* ■•« ee« •• •
BwtdUk and Norvtgitmflag.
otner oouDUies ••••.••..••.«.•«. ••.•••.m...
Sweden nnd Norway «....^..
United Btatee
••••« »•••■—■■<— e*eee*eeeee—ee>
SpomUhftag,
Belgtnni
Onbe
I.......... ..... ..... .... .♦..■■■.. ... ......
BaOIbc
JKk
ee««e*ee
••»ee»«e
2
••••••••«
411
14
6
4
18
14
27
7
1
4
20
•••■e#*«a
•••••••••
•eee«e*«9
#«•«•••••
•«•••«•■
11
29
8i
Tant.
•••#••%•••••
•••■oeeeee
••#•*« eeeeaeeee
2,808
>■••••••# •#••»•
80,880
10.680
6,681
2,904
18,341
8,971
14,811
6,Bil
2,812
8,882
.....a .«•.....•
7,024
17,728
8,889
••#■ »• •ee «•••« •
• m e#»eeet ••••••
14,017
700
4,978
108.709
U8,828
«^
8
• •• •••••»
91
74
4
1
U
180
18
•••«•••«•
17
T9
49
11
2
8
1
6
11
1
2
8
8
Iflenit
• •*••# • • *•••••«
4.141
1,188
•••••« •■#•••••■
1,011
••*»•• •••••«■••
841
8,8tt
117
l.»2
19^248
2,082
••• •• • •••••«•••
8,889
89,849
tf,28S
6,128
1,087
1,W7
1.481
4,278
14,906
114
778
894
70
Jib.
••••••«•«
••ee*e*ee
U
10
14
11
..»■«....
10
••«ee*«e«
•■ •••••«•
1
17
21
19
91
»...■■....
778
1,638
7^111
17,488
10. «7
1»001
8,9n
18.179
10,487
..«....■»
710
10.080
•••••• ■##■•—••
1,010
11,703
»•• #»««^w» •• • •
1|889
....•••.a
..••aaaaa*
6,1M
9.071
4,971
108,709
U8,828
1
1
1
8
8
in
81
1
8
1
10
100
8
maa»a».
18
8
118
U
4
1
100
1
708
1.
t.i«i
18^ IM
7,8»
918
871
1,178
»,119
»••••• — ee« ■••
8,772
l.«
19,967
•.lis
1,8S5
108
4,088
11,048
1,886
I 8N
II 118
ET7B0PE — SPAHr. 391
NavigaHoH ai the port of OadiB, l^n, fur UU fMW miiM§ December 81, i88&— Odntliined.
>jpi iiiwipy «»«««»«»»»«»»«»«»»»>»». •••*•• ••••<• ••»•••
Jtmly ^.^ »...»
'Q^AfllllR ••••••••••■•••••••••••«••••••«•«•••••••••«•
River PiAte.....«....M....^
United StetM-.....^^..^^
ToUa - ^ ^
jr*.
101
26
5
12
190
6
2
844
142.780
106.769
26.876
48,500
58,216
24,489
4,209
837,478
jr«.
•••••••#■
1
665
Tam§»
•»••»<••>—•••
»••«••••«••■•••
•• • »•••<> ••■■•■
UO
40B
180
No,
191
25
0
12
190
6
164,127 846
BAlliBg
Ton§,
142,789
105,769
26^876
48,600
52,210
24,488
885,169
Noi
2
10
629
IbiM.
■••••••••••••••
••••••••••••«■•
145
8.114
160,868
Ukitxd Statbs Ooksulats,
CadU, Apra 30, 1889.
Dabius H. IngbahaMi OmeiiL
ImperU in 188a
[TnuismltUd by Um ooaiul al Omdla.]
Axtiolea.
«....««. liters .«
Books and ruled paper....... kilograms...
BnUs ....tona.^
Gement..* •••>• > do..^.*
Oheeee kilograms...
Coals tons^..
Corks » , ..kilograms...
j>iour •»••«•••••••••••••••••■*•■•■■• ••«•••••• •««B««Qo ••■•••
Fresh fish • ......do
Ouano, artlfloial tons...
Hemp rope » kilograms...
Hides do *
Inks do
India rubber, sheet and tubes do
Iron:
vjasv Dars...^. ........................... wons...
Sheet M do......
Utensils. kilograms...
8aan-
tlea.
79,064
9,749
8,127
2,483
8,007
98,797
187,716
276.007
82,860
67,218
2,437
S«887
1,696
14,085
18,461
4,415
107.200
Aztldes.
JL/if^uoFs......... .................. ............uiie^v...
Bsanganese ore .....MaMB •.••........ ....tons.M
Mineral waters* ....kilograms
* reserres ............................... ......no. ..<
vrtarcn...... ... a a.... ..................... .......vio.
Steel rails............ tons...
Sugar... ..M........M ^..kilograms...
SuTphnr. »-.«.. tons...
Textiles kilograms...
Wines:
Sparkling ........M...M.*....M.«liteni...
Common.. ........«.M........Ma. do......
v« ire*. ........ ...................... ....Kilograms...
Wood:
BOftrdS Mseeeaa^ee.ssaAsCUbiO IBOton.sa
160,007
2,000
8,889
8.800
5,286
1,046
0.962
2,142
64,088
2,642
2»200
6,960
19,121
24,206
96,180
JSxporU in ISBS.
ArUolea.
Quan-
tities.
ArUelea.
auao.
tiUea.
Ohestniits...... ................kilograms...
voai. ........................ MM*. •...••...••....no......
Copper:
In toraies. ......•.•.■.».*■.......*. .....oo......
Cupreous orOa. ..........m.m. ....... ..uOm....
Figs ......a.. kilograms...
lion ore.......«...M...............«i.....«..tons...
86,700
85,000
24,180
28,958
798,800
18,200
42,550
40,278
Manganese ore .«.»».«« ■ t.^ .». .»»... tons...
Marble ......... >..—...»M......«....kilograms...
Oranges ...••.•»..*.MMM...M«M.do
Jr AlulOi UalOu* ■•••••«• •••••••e* •••«••••• ••••■•OO ••••••
2,885
2,000
21.250
24,000
779
82,800
80,782
277,718
^W U|A lAttfl _.. .......A*a>** ...... ■■■■■■•aaUO ■■•>*>
Wines, white, oommon ......heotollten...
r
392
COMMERCIAL RELATlOira.
MAIiAQA.
^rmeijHU imports entemt, bp monMi^ at Fmi Malaga in 1888.
Month.
U88.
FebruMy.
jm»y»« ••■»»<» •■•»»>
June....M«« ......
July
▲UffUSt..
September.....
Oetober
November.....
December
ToUL.......
Ooela.
Goals.
Coke.
64,9601
76,480
965,999
92,460
84,981
86,475
126.482
19, 781
89,457
69,875
136,446
108,655
1,165,771
tola
17,420
82,991
2,006
10,401
1,602
65,020
Ohar^
ooaL
StaTet,
tiaU.
1,200
5,440
4,361
2,369
10,406
102
1,608
8,260
84,64d
32,467
1,106
505
80,857
94.841
32.688
16,490
12,366
47,942
72,684
16,498
410,620
Boarde.
PUtf.
2,694
10,481
17,694
22,962
40,961
9,488
6,640
13,475
DeeU.
Pi%C9».
8,006
•*«■•••»••••
9.486
2,410
186,281 [850,536
2,947
10, 432
40,694
66,671
102,947
118,939
Got-
tOBL-
Aoie*.
6,408
7,940
••••••#»•••
186
8.794
1,946
2,560
22,804
Ood-
fliih.
Qttln-
Uda.
9,462
11,481
17,694
>•«••• ••••«•
11,491
18,647
22,948
18,489
1,000
106,212
OtUM.
262
1,849
867
154
26
1,946
1,632
9M4
858
762
961
644
9,825
15,481
8,706
14,688
6a 877
10.870
• •4*«e*««e**
••«•*• ••••••
110,
to.
telt.
1,106
127
1.912
1,164
806
6,061
Principal exports shipped^ bjf tnonihs^ from Malaga*
Month.
1888.
Jenoery .«>... ...............................w.....
Febnuury ...•■.m. • m...mm.m...
XQAfQQ ................................. ...... .........
Jm^OwXM .a........... ...*.......«.. ........ .............
4AAy ....... ........... •....«■ ....... .................
June...
•»•■•••••«##•••*#••«
July.
August
October..
November......
Deoember .......
Total..
•eeeeees ••••»••••••• I •••••••*•••«
Baleim.
K
1
1^
81,264
14,462
10,490
6.796
9.418
12,484
4.601
6,490
147,948
276,947
121,491
12,432
668,812
3|
61
193
20
680
25
1,650
4,621
904
1,006
0,112
200
•••■■•••••«
271
600
4,505
1,840
802
7,618
Almonds.
} ?1
a
I
• ••••••o«««
70
1,570
846
260
2,746
£5
1,486
901
1,987
1,480
1,250
640
1,000
9,600
18,600
15,460
1,206
49,091
I
1
1,240
2,290
1,428
8.241
28.264
28,964
1.816
1,142
62,885
i
M
i
8
8,641
8,947
3,608
2,025
4.640
150
5,794
7.296
5.946
36,042
•»»••«»«■••'
27
10
1,005
2.946
19,006
16,880
6,984
47.407
Month.
1888.
January ...m«.mm. m.
February
March
April
May
June »..
July
August...
September
October
November............
December.. . ...MM .M
Total.....
»......iH....
86
421
294
122
316
157
56
91
2
63
1,561
890
764
1,342
26,094
9,460
1,769
130
89,849
1.096
840
2,200
1,694
8, 116
2,240
1,742
5.240
4,4G1
2,*N>4
2,792
1,437
29,861
i
c
I
146
20
109
77
54
102
808
169
76
46
101
1,206
22,640
18,461
86,492
82.946
29,999
24,690
19,432
27.490
81,475
27,411
88,992
19,466
829,498
I
ii
a
o
66,542
85,927
62,954
56,498
94,968
26,490
12,222
17,644
84.866
13.411
9,728
6,496
466,885
Wines.
i
(8
165
180
004
806
141
49
78
120
580
104
170
8,970
i
I
i
87.689
81,690
51,890
74,990
46,930
20.460
89,690
47.320
64,990
65,6a
58,691
43,960
668,291
EUBOPE — SPAIN.
393
Dedared e^ortsflvm Malaga to the United SkOei in 1888.
ArUdefl.
Raiainf ....
Do-...
Do
Do.....
Lemons.......
Oranges.
Almonds
Do MM...... I
Qrapes. ........
Do.M......
Win* M....
D€» M..
Olive-oil •„...
Do-.. ,
Anise-seed...,
Hats
Lloorioe root
Poncegranates. m..
Red pepper
Orange and lemon
peel.
Lead- ^..
***anoy ••....... m. .«••*....
Works of art
Sundries.... M4.M .....m.
warUe .•.•.••.•• ....m ......
Faokages.
Whole boxes-...
Half bozea
Quarter boxes..
Froils
Boxes
do
do
Frails
Barrels
Half barrels
Quarter casks...
Barrels
Boxes
Barrels
Cases.
Bags
Bales.
....,do.
Packages
Bales..
Pigs
Gases.........
Packages.
.....do ........
•■••«••••••
First quar-
ter, Jan. I
to Mar. 81.
676
9^
25
83
22
899
2,441
10
20
1
6
8.7«7
Second
Xnarter,
pr. 1 to
Jane 80.
6,807
"**288
1,673
164
60
291
939
26
119
25
6
62
8,878
Third
quarter,
July 1 to
Septw8Q.
84,806
600
6,900
12,625
""i'm
10,216
l,2«-2
98
20
83
336
973
166
35
4,196
8
47
100
74,807
Fourth
8uarter,
Gt. Ito
DeaSL
62,751
1,821
21,466
600
27,294
6,833
10,726
80
4,935
167
73
29
84
82
296
2,321
25
26
430
9,545
8
7
149.045
Totai
packages.
102,871
1,921
27,604
600
30,919
6,838
16,458
80
16, 161
1,449
423
124
100
22
82
1,820
8.880
8,297
205
166
465
18,741
45
11
111
100
286,409
VALUE aN A&IBRIOAN GOLD DOLLARS).
First ouarter ., $47,846.29
Beoond quarter. ....^ ^ 50,048.84
Third quarter 221,717. 88
Fourth quarter.......^ « 889,925.12
Total for 1888 « 709.038.14
United States Consulate,
Malaga, Spain, December 31, 188a
H. C. Mabston,
ConauL
T^
394
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Comparative statement of arrivaU and depairtwre$ of twMeti of mU naHem» at MaXaga^ iS^ii,
/or 1887 amd 1888.
Viae.
1817.
I
8p«nbh ,
Briti»h ^
French
German ,
Norwegian and
Swedish ...,
Italian > ,
Dutch
PortugueM
Daoiiih ~.........
Austrian
United States .........
Greek
1,733
204
186
50
81
26
12
18
8
14
8
8
2,231
i
24,
8,451
5,083
1,040
451
260
241
99
108
275
86
27
36,026
568»281
160,876
108,496
88,508
16,552
8,104
8,107
1,074
4,668
11.602
1.130
1,670
Clearad.
I
l,740l24,613
3,448,
204
138
50
80
27
12
13
8
14
2
2
087,0682,240'a6,679
i
a
6,095
i;o4o
486
271
841
00
108
276
26
27
565,639
169,876
106,810
89,503
15.648
8,910
8,107
1,974
4,668
11,602
1.180
1,670
087,687
I
1,51024,060
188 8,400
157 6^573
471 1.004
16
6
8
12
2
1
11
1.1
i
950
887
840
68
84
58
96
9
748,801
122,667
120,480
87,470
18,617
9,208
18,118
770
1,292
0,000
8»004
1,006
1,089,700
I
d
J
1,61084,009
169'
169
47
81
16
6
1
18
8
U 088 86,
8,400
6,600
1,004
848
68
10
fl
a
748,801
128,857
128,914
87,430
14,821
8.972
18,112
770
816
8,000
8,004
1,006
1,088,871
Ukited Statbs Conbulatie,
Malaga^ December 31, 188&
H. Gv Mabbtoh,
OmmmL
SBVIIilii:.
[T^anmiitted by the oonaul at Oadla.]
Imports in 188a
Artioles.
Quantities.
Artfolea.
Quantitiea.
Barlej^ ...............kiloptbtns...
rWintiAni.....,,,,. ......»,, ,.T-t...tTTTt.....'.rfo......
4,297,156
2,718,069
53,660,824
1,666,304
13,028,926
4,292,763
6, 179. 344
1,688,423
Iron, sbeel ..•..MM.........«kiloirnuii0...
Petroleum u do
1 OU^^^ ••••••••••••••••■••••«seese»«««e*««a«»CIO»«*««»
9,814,434
12,064,881
4,351,356
4,007,181
4,683.146
4,887,818
18,688,188
4,1««.«8
CodAsh do
Pining; earth ......m. .......*••• do
Iron:
Oast .M...do
Maohinery.. ....do
-• laUDOa •••••••et •••«#»«ee»««»e«eeee»e*«»e*UO«B«. ««
JSuportainlSeS.
Artiolea.
QoantiUea.
Axil<fl«a.
Quaatltles.
Corks.... •MMM.............kiloipiin)s...
Corkwood do
OuDreoua ore do......
2,271,565
8,059,891
14,405,048
2,085,785
10,008,280
18,678.072
8,987.686
14,825,9U
Oranges and lemons kilograms...
Quioksilver do......
Soap .........do
7,896.487
1,450,555
.8,837,792
6,901,6«>
14,060,066
18,070,000
Flour .M........... *. ........ *.M..do
Seeds, other than whea4.........do
vv nea* ....................................uo ......
Lead, pigs.. do
^jiiTes »»»«»..«.. ..Ml. ................. ....»«oo««»..»
vii ▼e*oii..«.MM*...M. ......... a...... .....QO......
I
EUBOPE — SWEDEN AMD NORWAT.
895
SWEDEN AND NORWAY.
BWBBSN.
BEPORT BY CONSUL MAN^OF 0OTHSNBEBB,
8WSDISH HKBCHANT MABIKX.
dumber , tannage, ete,f cf (he merekatU navy of Sweden in ike years 1885^'88.
D«aor1pUoii.
•••••«••••••••••••••••••••••••••■■•«»•••••••• ■•••■•
Msrehuit TeaaeUi :
Number
TonnSiffe, aarr^gate.,
Registered Ta—
GotheDberg
Stockholm ,
Ileliiiigborg....^.
Oefle ^...
Steam vesaela:
Number. ^
Arrlvale of ▼emebi from foreign {>orta with oargoes :
AODIUISva •••••e •••••« •••••• •«•••••••«•••■••«••••••••••••**«••••■•••••••••• ••••••••••• •••••• •••••• ••■•••»••
Peroentage of Swediah ▼esaels...^...^ ^....^^ per cent...
Departurea of ▼eoaels to foreign porta with oargoea :
Percentage of Swecllan TesMia.. •*.•■..■••........••••.> M«......Mper oentM.
luuea eo"
••••»•••«••••»•••■•••« ■••••« •«•••• »«««e« ■••••• «••••»•••
Ooatoma^di
I eoUeoted...
••••• •••
S,068
617,061
90,9C3
80,992
29,038
19.i01
917
82,788
11,782
18,885
8,898,596
89.2
88,647.781
1880.
8.936
600,397
89,849
81,135
25.943
20,850
916
88,996
10,783
2,184,814
61.2
15,769
8,804,751
39.0
88,468,089
Ihunber and Umnage of vesaeU entered and cleared ai 9weduh parte from and to foreign parte
during the year 1886 — with eargoea and in hitilaeL
Flag.
JLQSvT lMI««»«*««»«e«eeMi«*eeeee*
ASvl^lftu ••••••••• •••»•••••••••••
Oaaadlan ^»
^^uiiaf I a..... .••••••^ ........•.••
Bngtlflh..... .........•..■•• M...<
™reDon ....•m*. •.•.■•»••*.•••■
Qarman .m ...... ...mmm
Italian
lfetherlanda.....M... ......M
Norw^rian. »..» ......
KUHian«.....w.....«..a .........
Dpanun.. .•>.........•».. .......
o^^euioo ■........,...«..«......«
United States......^.........
Total
With
No,
12
1
1
1,800
668
7
717
6
88
745
914
8
6,222
10,788
4.680
Entered.
Tont.
No.
6,868
4
1,007
» •••••« ••
662
1
199,948
6^819
883,264
616
2,180
41
166,266
679
. 2,485
2
21,200
120
160,660
1,008
104,205
828
8,798
2
1,118,877
6,599
• ■••eeeee— — •
2,184,814
1,661,788
In ballaak
1
1
14,766
8.399
Tom.
2,274
• ••••••••••
820
710,583
478,588
8,679
129^818
1,690
89,993
814,896
86,175
2,129
454,142
1,208
825
2,226,167
1,848,421
Oleared.
With
No,
15
1
1
8,008
1,104
49
1,114
7
199
1,847
560
7
8,851
1
15,789
4,644
TonB.
7.884
1,007
602
814,828
817,177
11,142
232,516
4,025
58,635
417,238
140,788
7,650
1,»9.886
1,203
825
8,804,701
1,964,899
Inballaat.
No.
••»••• ••••«•
4,743
83
262
14
676
827
2
2,801
8,706
8.590
ItofM.
259
■••«••••• •••e*«*f
587,265
68.249
61,676
!•••••••• •••••«
6,150
82,359
58,289
1,944
809,607
1.144,698
1,089,419
396
COMMEBCIAL RELA^TTOKa
PrineipaleagforUJromSidedefi,
AiMUAm,
OatUe ....M
• •»»»•»•—••*• »•—••!
«•••••••••• • •«••«•••••••■•••••••• ••■«•• •«•«•• ••••••••■•••••••••••• »••«•
nomber^
...»do.»»««.
Hogs ■ do......
Sheep.. ...do
Wheat ...hectoliten...
Kye do
Ikirley and mall - do
Wheai floor.... ..M .••m«« ....•mm .......m. kiloRrama...
Rye flour... ..M*. .M.do...>..
Butter. ........MMMM...M m ~^ ....do
Cheese do
Copper .».
Fish:
Dry and salted
Freeh
Hides and skins....... m •••..
Iron and steel :
.do.
••••e ••«••••»•••••• •••••• •••■•«
•■•*• •••••«••••»•••«••• •••«•••••«■• •••••
do
...do*
Bar, hoop, sheet, eto do.
Rolled and malleable ..do.
Nails and spikes ,.. ......do....
Plates «. do....
Machinery and implements. « dollars.
Lumber ........cubio meters.
Matches ...^ .kiloffram«!i.
Meats ........do....
Ore:
Iron M...... do....
Other kinds m. ....do....
Paper... ^ ...do....
Pork do....
Tar do....
Whltky Jlters....
Tw C#\K1 pm P* •••••••••••••••• »•«••••««••••••««• •■ ••••••••• •••••• •••••• KHv|^XwXllS»«*a
Woven fabrics :
Cotton • •«••••••.«••»......••. ....MM... .*••■••....». .•••••do
Linen and hemp.....MM.M m* •..•M.«*.*..M.MM..do
Woolen,... .M..M... •«...••■* ....do.....*
88,670
8.660
190
40,000
aa,ooo
710,000
25,120,000
2.087.000
611,000
14,809,000
284,000
425,000
6,626,000
88,261,000
1,760.000
187,778,000
14,686,000
2,381,000
49,096,000
5,780,000
647,766
4,897,000
13,284,000
185.000
117,860,000
25,817,000
11,440,000
4,744,000
4,066,000
24,621,000
88,184,000
29,000
674,000
48,000
166,000
In<
OTorl887.
6,800
1,100
7,680
• ••«••••••■• •••••4
V •«•••••• ••• •••»■ •
104,000
2,928,000
4,168,000
{864,000
2.187,000
48,770
686,000
643,000
14,000
76,866,000
•••••••••
1.631,000
1,620,000
9,606.000
4,000
906,000
6,000
67,000
f!roml887.
■ »—>••»—
88,960
1,725,000
990,000
12,108,000
8^823,000
1,106.000
1,110,000
101,000
427,000
8.486.000
41,000
191,000
>«•••• •••••• ••••••
• • • »•••*» • •««#«•••
1,106,000
2.8910QO
18,751,000
Principal trnporto into Sweden,
▲rtloles.
Catlle number...
Horses..... do
Hogs .••MM. ...........M .....do
Sheep M do
Barley and malt .« hectoliters...
Rye M.....M...M M do
Wheat .M.M do
Rye flour kilograms...
Wheat flour do......
Butter do
Cheese .m do
Coal and coke m m hectoliters...
Cofl'ee M. kilograms...
Cotton , do
Fertilisers do
Hidenand skins «„. do
Machinery and implements.. dollars...
Meats ..kilograms...
Oils, mineral m do......
Paper m ...m do
Pork do
SaU hectoliters...
Spirits, distilled :
Anak m..m.m. lites...
Brandy m ; do
Rum .' .M M do
Whisky «... « M do
Sugar :
Refined.. » m kilograms...
1888.
2,640
1,230
6,600
810
1,027.000
134,991,000
49,694,000
17,696.000
21.774,000
2,842,000
280,000
16,823,000
18,663,000
12,066,000
68,061,000
8,148,000
2.196,496
1,648,000
27,U33,000
1,673.000
6,458.000
869,000
852,000
786.000
60,000
81,180,000
9.719.000
29.690,000
Increase
over 1887.
540
lao
s •»•*•• ••• se****
HI ■■ — e
7,000
8.107,000
8,901,000
1,198,000
13,874,000
1,024,000
273,896
292,000
8,271,000
a^o.ooo
110,000
63,000
7,000
1,638,000
from 1887.
6.560
90
4,017,000
19,184,000
11,948.000
19.645,000
19^998.000
602,000
■ ••••• •■•■■• •••■•#
• ••••«• • • • •• •«••
2,672,000
>«••»• ••«•• m *•« •••
8,472.000
68S.O00
k
BTTSOPE — SWEDEN AND NORWIT.
397
Prineipai importa itdc Sweden — Oontinned.
Artlol4
Sirup M........M...»M—«..i.... M.MM.i«,,....kilo87M9CiB.»
Tar .^ do......
Tobacco, leaf » do
Wines « ^ Htee...
Wocri » kilofframa...
Woven fabrics :
Cotton ,.:do
Linen and hemp do
Silk....... ., do
Wool -. do
1888.
8,802,000
1,8»4,000
4,060,000
2.419.000
2,140,000
1,110,000
809,000
86,000
2,244,000
Increase
over 1867.
1,796,000
624,000
206,000
102,000
177,000
82.000
41.600
881,000
from 1887.
•••••••■•••e
••••••«•«••■
""iTdcio
VaiueB of merehandiae imparted into and exported from Sweden during the years 1886~'86,
iLrUolea.
Animals ^
Breadstuffs, etc
Colonial wares.
Dye-stuft, chemicals, etc..
Fmlts, plants, etc
Hides, hair, bone, eto « »
Bfanufa^^ores of. «
Lumber
Meats
Metals
Manufactnresof.....
Minerals
Manufactnresof
Paper and manufactures of.
Spirits, wines, malt liquors, eto
Tallow, oils, tar, eto
Manufactures of
Vefi^etable products
Manufactnresof.
Vessels, cars, machinery, implements, etc
Wood, manufactures of
Weaving materials, libers, etc
Woven fabrics and manufactures of..
Yarn, thread, twine, etc
Articles not elsewhere mentioned
Total in United Stales gold
188B.
Imports.
$484,696
12,546,076
11,181,526
792, 622
1,244.652
4,279,785
« 661,028
446,257
5,092,806
2,606.682
8.871,746
6« 889, 670
806,810
1,019,196
8,595,115
4,009,240
580,385
2,161,652
103.519
8,815,175
51.3.958
6.473,915
14,453,017
2,481,954
1.424,(133
91,128,022
Exports.
82,174.284
7,649,908
67,829
107,472
76,686
625,903
81,871
24,867.826
6,876,703
9,318,364
716,367
754,465
1.064,320
8,088,786
1.249,566
429,430
135,620
214.012
16,936
6'i5,573
3,856,506
87,700
960.740
130.648
911,258
1886.
Imports.
1283,586
8,252,990
11,250,886
736,269
1,066,747
8,806,554
767,023
475,885
i, 676, 814
2,619,414
3,562,091
6,479,125
862,094
1,013,851
2,112,778
8,701,129
601,660
1,999,558
111,072
8, 176, 111
409. 914
4,840,160
12,386,889
2,852,949
1,170,504
60,000,602
80,766,161
Bzporta.
91,777,000
6,001,286
180,840
91,156
81,200
516,044
68,976
20.076,498
7,885,026
8,607,460
697,165
706,089
878,154
8.807,604
562,827
843,866
146, 109
162,530
19,588
1,001,450
4,616,416
82,175
083.561
111,019
723,551
61,210,710
POPULATIOXr.
Nfumber, eex, and jfearly increaee of the population in Sweden during the yearn 186&-1887.
Tear.
—
Females.
Total.
Percent-
age of
yearly
increase.
Year.
BCaleik
Females.
Total.
Percent-
age of
yearly
increase.
X809m*»«
1870....
1871
187^...
1678u....
1874.....
1875.....
1870.....
1877-...
ifiMn&er.
2,025,842
2,014,530
2,016,668
2,034,396
8,097,494
2,082.018
2.104,838
2.127,138
2.151.826
2.180,060
iftimfter.
2,147,738
2.144,721
2.161,872
2,169,781
2,192,918
2,215.954
2.236,721
2.256,153
2,278,887
2,804,482
4,178,080
4,158,767
4,168,625
4,204,177
4,250.412
4,297,972
4,841,509
4,383,291
4,429,718
4,484,642
-4). 04
-0.84
0.28
0.86
1.10
1.12
1.01
0.96
1.06
1.24
1876 ...
1879...
1880...
1881 ...
1862...
1688...
Aoo« ...
1885...
1886 ...
1687...
JVumbsr.
2,206,292
2,228,855
2,215,243
2,.215,990
2,216.343
2.280,782
2,252,938
2,273,861
2,290,340
2,296,811
Svmber,
2,326,571
2,&50.046
2.350.425
2,350,255
2,860.773
2,872,818
2,891,610
2,408,906
2,426,649
2,438»690
4,531,808
4,578,901
4,565,668
4,572,245
4,579,115
4.606,695
4,644,448
4.682,760
4.717,169
4,784,901
1.00
1.04
-0.29
0.14
0.16
0.58
0.89
0.68
0.74
0.87
398
COMMEBCIAL BELATION&
SMIG&ATIOir.
Ilkmber amd dmtinzihn of emigranU dtpartedfrom Sweden dming the yean 1851-1887.
Bmi-
snttita.
Dectinallon.
Tmt.
Bml-
fimnto.
DMtinAtlon.
'Vear.
Nor-
way.
Den-
mark.
o«i>
OBMiy.
Am€r>
Nor-
way.
Don-
mark.
Goi^
many.
tea.
1861-*60...
184l-*60 ..
1866-70...
1871
1872
1878
Jfo.
16,900
19,816
102,681
17,450
15,915
18,580
7,791
9,727
9,418
7.610
839
8,402
7,148
1,850
1,856
1,501
1,560
1,018
1,880
1,807
1,268
2,604
6,649
1,883
\%
1,610
2,885
2,421
1,701
22
294
4,565
1,068
776
707
589
687
758
678
14,868
9.420
79,811
12,960
11,838
9,486
8,380
8,501
8.702
2.981
1878..^..
1879...^.
1880....^
lOBX ••••.«
Id82.m.m
1888
1884
lonOMsa.a
1886
1887
ITo.
9.082
17,687
42,100
46.992
50,178
81.600
28,560
28,488
82,889
00,786
1,606
1.507
1.714
1,460
1,001
1,677
1,604
1.861
1,194
1,166
1.026
2.020
8.607
2,601
2,748
,2,831
'2,980
2,079
2,117
2,000
600
627
648
' 649
608
670
040
660
403
4,242
u;76i
86,268
40.60
44,380
20,670
1874
17,664
1875 ^.
1876 ..••••••
1877...^^.
18,222
27. 9U
46^208
United Statbb Oonbttlats,
QMenhwrg^ Mag 21, ]889.
A. Man,
NOBWAY.
BEBOEX.
RJSPORT BY CONaVL GADA
The total amount of proceeds fh>m the cod fishericB for the year 1888, aocordiiig to
the lately published official leports, is stated at 69,000,000 to 60,000,0000/ fish, atayalne
of 13,000,000 kroner, equals $3,800,000; of which a quantity, about 44,000,000, were
saltf^ and cored for klipfish alone. ^
For the two proceeding years theflgures were: For 1887, 64,000,000, valued at 8,000,000
kroner; for 1836, 65,000,000, Talued at 12,750,000 kroner.
The fish on all the banks, and principally at Lofoden,wasof a good quality, and much
fatter than the two foregoing years, and consequently the quantity of liyer oil was large.
The sanguine expectations of an abundant winter herring fishery were not realised,
at the close of the season only about 60,000 barrels being the result, of whieh t^e one-
half was salted, and the other half exported to England and Holland as smoked and also in
the fresh state in ioe. The prices may be quoted not aboye 4 kroner per barrel, and the
whole catch rained at 280,000 kroner, equals |7,400, sgainst 325,000 kroner in 1887.
The outfits and preparations for the last season's summer herring fishery were made
on a laiKer scale than usual. It commenced in August and lasted, with bnt few inter-
ruptions along the whole widespread coast, to the end of the year, with a Anal result of
about 700,000 barrels, whioh for the greatest part were exported hi the salted states but
thereof also 20,000 Jiarrels smoked. The quality of the herring was yery good this sea-
son, but the size smaller than ordinaiy.
Also, during the last year the demand for this article for the United States has incieased,
and exports amounting to |108,200; but also the sale of the smoked and prepared artide
has improved and promise to get a steady, good market.
Also, the Norwegian mackerel has lately been sucoessfnlly'introduoed into the Amer-
ican market, and our exporters getting better acquainted with tiie demand of their new
customers, this article, too, no donbt, will be of importance. The mackerel eatch for
the past season was estimated at 7,000,000 of fish, at a value of 800,000 kroner ($215,-
000), the average price being 11} kroner ($3.10) for 100 fish.
The producers, as well as dealus and exporters, of nearly all onr fish produeta may
look back upon their profits for the paat year with oatiofaQUoOf whidi, A>r aomo of Um
EUROPB — SWEDEN ASD NOBWAT.
899
prindpal articles, m Uipfish and herring, were even better than for eeveral yean past
Of fiflh-oil the quantity produced, owing to the fatness of the fish, was nnoommonly large,
and the prices, afler many flaotoations during the season, went gradually down from 65
kroner pep barrel to 37 kroner for good quality of refined medium, which is reported to
be theJowest figure paid at the dose of the year.
Also, the article of spawn, of which is produced about 45,000 barrels, was much neg-
lected, and a quantity of more than S^,000 barrels are still on the hands of the exporters,
waiting for the coming new season of the sardine fishery in France, where it is used for
bait.
fiHIPFIKO.
This consular district, and principally Bergen and the neighbor town, Stanmger, both
posseasing a large tonnage, as well of steam as sailing vessels, have got a good share of the
past yearns improTed state of the shipping trade, and during the year our several steam-
ship-building wharfs have had good work, and besides, about twenty steam-ships of to-
gether 15,000 tons burden have, by purcliase in England, been added to the Bergen
fleet, this now making about 60 per cent, of that of the whole country.
On the whole, the trade in its different branches for this district has been satisfactory
and improving, and but very few failures have been reported.
During the past year no American vessel has entered or cleared from this pork
IMPOSTS FBOH UNITED STAT2S.
The proportionate small direct import from the United States, as shown by the en-
closed list No. 2, oonsisting of 18;119 barrels of petroleum, was made. exclusively by
Norwegian vessels, and the exports went, as usual, partly by the direct liners to America
via Christiansand, but chiefly by way of England, these lines having now reduced their
rates.
EMIOBATIOH.
During the year 1888 the number of emigrants from this consular district to the United
States amounted in all to 9,848 persons, whereof from Beigen 1.M3, from Stavanger
1,908, and 5,997 from Trondl^em, of which, however, the greatest number were Swedes,
(or whom Trofidl^em 1b the nearest port. This year the emigration probably will not
be so lively, the economical state of the population having improved, and regular em-
ployment to be had here at higher prices.
F. a. Gadb,
ChnmL
United States Ck)KsnLATE,
Bergen, February 8, 1889.
Declared value of eosparte from the coneular dialrict of Bergen to the United States during the
four quartere of the year ending December 31, 1888.
Artloles.
Berries ^ » «
Books, printed, Norwegian^
Obeese »
Cod-Osb oil ^
Fifth:
Cured and salted. ^ m......
Dried (stok^fisb) —»»••.—,» m. ...•••••.••
Furnitors ^
Fars.....M«.
Herrings:
Salted
Smoked ...m.... •
Iron ore
Meak preserred..
Nautloal la8(niiiieDts....M....MM*».»MMM>M.*.
8ardi&es ( Bnssian ).....».....„«.«.»..».»—.«»—<. »,
Vj(U|Bk cineQ».«»f»M.«»»ii»w.«...f»«».«»M«..f»f...»^ •
.»•■«..«■•
* . »...«>.. . ....»♦• .........
Quarter ending —
fifar. St.
fl,84S.20
826.75
891.65
18,485.52
662.63
2,707.62
257.16
15,970.48
1,235.96
213.60
198.60
2,667.45
1,701.00
June 80.
t614.20
100.03
21,208.12
401.20
9,302.06
60.00
408.20
268.45
••f»««.,t*t.,«ntt
Sept 80.
13,998.81
1,728.45
665.15
21,117.59
688.07
27,655.44
824.90
84,860.76
9,871.55
4,531.15
2,687.66
607.40
DeaSl.
14,526.16
820.80
2,261.10
1,662.78
U, 965.30
550.14
12,873.85
221.00
48,664.09
2,914.79
1,992.48
882.84
492.42
2,264.92
Total
for the
18,965.87
2,019.25
8,087.85
8,222.61
74,796.51
2,477.04
42,786.41
824.90
478. 16
108,287.34
4.150.74
9,871.55
6.5:3.63
596.34
1,094.12
7,788.40
400
COMHEBCIAL RELATIONS.
Declared value o/exportafirum the consular dUirict of Berget^ to ths United States, etc, — Oont*d.
▲rllolM.
Quartar endins^
Total
fortba
year.
Bfar.81.
June 90.
Sept. 30.
Dea&L
Spmt:
Salted .\ ....
In oil -
•2ia68
•••••«••««»••••*«•
$1,203.00
$3,268.52
1,118.40
4a 00
24,880.80
$4,682.05
1,112.10
Bitndries (empty wood kegt, paintinss.
9351.88
11,865.80
129.60
15,245.00
521.85
Wood duId
15,818.00
67,257.60
TotiU for 1888
Total for 1887
58.673.88
49,978.60
44,574.91
85,527.74
125,009.48
104,916.10
124,225.29
126,534.98
352,443.51
816,957.83
DMitMum.. ^i .i .^^ I ...*.,..
2.800.60
Inereaae
8,506.88
9,047.17
20,168.88
85,486.19
CHRI8TIANIA.
REPORT BY CONSUL QADE,
AOBICULTUSS.
The past year of 1888 was, fbr the most part, cold and damp in this ooantry^ and the
lesnlts of farming were in conseqaenoe anything but satisfeuBtory and were below those of
an average year. The long and onnsually severe winter lasted in some districts into the
month of May, when the whole stock of fodder was exhausted, and the price of hay had
run up considerably all over the country. In some mountain districts the cattle had to
be fed with moss, and in the coast district sea- weed and refuse of the fisheries largely re-
placed the common fodder. When summer finally came, it was for some time very warm
and dry, and in Cbristiania the thermometer stood higher towards the end of June l^an
it has done for fifty years. The Norwegian summer is always short, but in 1888 the firet
frost occurred already on September 9 in one of the best agricultural districts, injuring
the crops of oats and potatoes. The grain crops were on the whole poor, as the cold
weather prevented the ripening of the grain in many places.
Potatoes are the chief article of food in Norway, and Uiey fortunately seem to thrive
better here than in many other countries even, under so unfavorable climatic conditions
as those of the year of 1888, when the crop here was quite good and the quality satis-
factory. Progress in the improvement of dairy products was noticed in many districts.
The Government has established dairy schools for men and women, and has secured the
services of experts in cheese and butter making from other countries to travel about in
the rural districts and give instructions to the /aimers. The mountains of Norway pro-
duce a great variety of wild berries which have hitherto been little regarded. They are
juicy and of firesh flavor, and are becoming a great article of export Cranberries have
lately been exported to the United States in considerable quantities
8HSSP AND HOBSXS.
Norwegian sheep, numbering about 12,000, and representing 180,000 kroner, were
during the past year sold to the English market. The western coast districta, which
have 800,000 sheep, are by reason of their mild climate particularly adapted to sheep
raising, and the Storthing has made an appropriation for improving the native races by
importation of Cheviot sheep, which were sold to the farmers. The exportation ot
horses has lately been on the increase. Denmark, which is a new customer in the Nor-
wegian horse market, bought about 1,000 ponies in 1888.
The condition of the peasantry here is not an enviable one. Many of them are heavily
in debt, and as a role they live beyond their incomes.
SHIPPING.
A very surprising and welcome improvement in the freight rates succeeded in 18R8 a
long period of depression, and (faring the second half of the year the rates were much
higher than those quoted during many previous years. The rates from American ports
and from the Black Sea showed the largest rise, and in some instances they were evei^
100 per cent higher than those of Uie preceding year,
EUROPE — SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 401
The change was attributed to the general improTement in bnsinen everywhere abroad,
and above M to the increasing importation of grain in the British market, France, and
other oonntries, where the crops had proved insafEidentb The carrying trade to the La
Plata states from the so-called pitch-pine ports of the Soathem Stated was said to be
especially remunerative to the numerous Norwegian vessels engaged in that trade. The
petroleum rates from America and the. coal freights from British ports were alao very
satisfactory to ship-owners here during the last half of the year, and at the close of 1888
the prospects were very bright in almost all ports where the Norwegian ^ag was dis-
played.
As a natural consequence of the revival of shipping, domestic ship-building, which had
lately declined much, has received a fresh impulse. Sailing vessels of wo<^ still form
the larger part of the mercantile marine, and to them a great addition was made in 1888
by purchases from foreign conntries. One hundred and forty sailing vessels, giving a
total of 85,000 tons, were boaght abroad in 1888, more than half of them in England and
the remainder in Belgium, Holland, and in Finland, from which countries the vessels
are still sailing with a temporary certificate of nationality. Only 30 new sailing vessels,
of an aggregate tonnage of 8,200 tons, were built on Norwegian ship-yards in 1888, so
the gross increase of sailing vessels belonging to this country should amount to 93,000
tons. At the same time 70,000 tons ol sailing vessels were supposed to be lost, which
leaves a balance of 1,400,000 tons of sailing vessels in the mercantile marine at the be-
gioning of the present year. Thirteen steamers, of a total tonnage of 2,400 tons, built
in this country, and 25, of 14,500 tons, bought abroad, were in 1888 added to the steam
tonnage. The port of Bergen alone contributed 70 per cent, of this addition to the steam-
ers.
FISHERIES.
The great Lofoden cod fisheries, which were carried on in 1888 in calm cold weather,
occupied 32,000 men in 7850 boats, the largest number ever assembled on these fishing
gronnds. They yielded over 27,000,000 fish, 22,000,000 of which were salted and cured
for ezx>ortatio]}, besides 38,000 hectoliters of liver and 39,000 hectoliters of roe. Sixty-
one thousand one hundred hectoliters of cod-liver oil were manufactured for medicinal
purposes, and over 13,000,000 of fish-beads were prepared as guana The fish were much
larger and fatter, yielding more liver and roe than in 1887, and they brought higher
prices than in the preceding years. The average price was 18 kroner per 100 fish, the
fishermen always selling their catch by number, so much per hundred.
The average profit of each'fisherman in 1888 was 190 kroner. The total value of all
the products of these fisheries in 1888 was estimated at 6,100,000 kroner, which is that
of an average year. Outside the Lofoden Islands some 8,000,000 of fish were caught at
about the same time, and a little later 9,000,000 cod were again fished on the Finmarken
coasts, the prices paid there being from 16 to 18 kroner per 100 fish. The total re-
sults of all the Norwegian cod fisheries may be estimated at about 60,000,000 fish, or
10.000,000 fish above the result of an average year. They represented a capital of at
least 12,000,000 kroner, which is considered a fair result. Spite of the higher prices
paid in 1888, the merchants, too, had a profitable business. During the summer the prices
of fish rose in foreign markets partly on account ot the poor results of the Newfound-
land fisheries and partly through the non-renewal of the commercial treaty between
France and Italy. In the latter country the duties on French fish was suddenly raised
and tiie Norwegians had no difficulty in regaining a market seriously threatened by the
subsidized French fish.
The roe of cod-fish, large quantities of which are used in France as bait for the sar-
dine fisheries, brought poor prices in 1888, and the exporters of cod-liver oil did a poor
business, owing to the constant fall in prices. The Japanese oil has lately become a
rival of the Norwegian in the German market The United States imported daring the
past year 2,000 barrels of Norwegian oil for medicinal purposes.
Herring were, as usual, caught on all points of the extensive coast line, but it is very
difficult to give reliable data as to the result of these fisheries. The winter or spring
herring fisheries in Southern Norway were a disappointment in 1888, and yielded scarcely
half of the catch of 1887. As an offset the prices obtained were much better, namely,
3.64 kroner per measure (a new barrel for fish), to 1.87 kroner in the preceding year.
This is, however, much lower than some years ago, when herring brought up to 20.06
kroner per measure.
The low prices of the few past years, occasioned by high duties imposed on herring in
Bussia and Germany, as well as by abundant fisheries in Sweden, are hardly sufficient
to cover the losses of nets and wear and tear of the fishing tackle suffered by the fisher-
men. Ten or twelve large smoking establishments are now preparing herring for ex-
portation to England. Of far greater importance was the herring canght in the north
daring the last half of the year. It was large and fat, and yielded at least 400,000 bar-
rels for exportation, besides large quantities for home consumption.
402
COHME&CIAL RELATIONS.
Maekerel are only cangbt in aoathem Norway, and tbey yielded 7,000, CXN) of flah,
yalaed at 800,000 kroner for exportation. The aTorage price paid to the fiabermen waa
11.50 kroner per 100 mackerel. England, Denmark, and Germany import thia article
packed in ice. Also, the United Btatos, which began to import Norwegian mackerel in
1867, continued in 1888, and the bneinesB is said to have given a aatia&ctory result
Sealing was, in 1888, carried on in the Polar Sea, off lanMayn, and in the White Sea,
with 23 steamers, and brought 81,424 skins (of which 45,000 of young aeals), 13,655
barrels of blnbber, 61 polar bears, 457 bottle-nose whales, and 4,391 barrels of whale
blubber. The skins and the oil brought about the same prices as in 1887, and the net
profits of all the expeditions was estimated at 158,000 kroner, which la a little better
than the result of 1887. Twenty-six vessels were employed in the bottle-nose catch, and
kiUed 1,033 whales to 1,142 in 1887. On the other hand, the oil was paid 30 per cent,
better than in the latter year. We have, in conclusion, the whaling on the Finmarken
coast, where 34 steamers killed 696 whales, yielding 22,000 barrels of oil. The gross
result of these expeditions was estimated at 1,200,000 kroner, and was conaidered
quite satisfactory. The prices of whale oil and whale guano were higher than in 1687.
LUMBER.
The improvemert in this branch of industry, apparent at the end of 1887 after years
of dep|-e6sion, continued in 1888 to an extent surpassing all expectations. Prioea oon-
tinued rising until they reached those of 1882. Tho aggregate export of forest products
of different kinds, with the exception of wood pulp, was estimated at 657,000 registered
tons, valued at 30,000,000 kroner, compared with 340,000 tons in 1887, valued at 28,-
000,000. Australia has continued a good customer of planed wood, and sent prices up
by large purchases in the first half of the year. This distant country consumed more
Norw^an planed lumber (in 1888 over 41,000 registered tons) than any other conntiy,
England alone excepted. The prospects of a profitable business in the current year are
very promising, tbongh the market of London, which consumes the bulk of Norwegian
pUuiki and de^ is well stocked with these articles.
WOOD PULP
Becomes every year a more important article of export from this country, and occupies
now 53 mills, with 1,552 workmen. The exports, including some Swedish pulp, shipped
over Norway, were in 1888 estimated at about 200,000 tons (pulps of different kinds re-
duced to moist pulp of 50 per cent, water) valued at 7,000, (HM) kroner. During the &Je
previous years the ex^xirtation amounted to, in —
Tons.
1888 80.748
1884 88, 220
1885 106,916
1886
1887..
• ••••••••«•• • •••••••••<
•*••«•«•%••
>•••••«« •••
Tons.
116,786
...... 158. iOS
Owing to the higher sea frei^^hts and the scarcity of water last winter in all Norwe-
gian rivers, which finally stopped the mills, the prices of wood-pulp has gradually gone
up a little, but it is on the whole at present only one-third of what this article brought
in 1870.
The subjoined figures show to what extent the United States have imported pulp fiom
Norway during the past few years:
1884.
1885.
1886.
1887.
1888.
TMaL
Wood-pulp :
Dry ;
Tora.
837
6,609
440
5,010
Tons.
811
6,222
TonM,
2,165
12,812
Ibns.
2,842
lS,2f70
6.685
Moist
4a. 428
Total
7,446
5,450
7.083
14,467
15,612
50,006
Talue M
184,086
167,299
8186,079
$346,881
S448,681
11.077,876
KMIGBATION.
In 1888 the emigration from Norway was a little larger than in 1887, viz, 27,552, com-
pared with 25,722 in the precedinf^ year. Thirteen thousand five hundred and eight
emigrants left via Cbristiania, 6.()8.'S of whom were women and children, l,60i) were from
^he city itself, 7^838 came from the rural districts, and 4^080 are reported as tbreignet^
k
EUBOPE — SWEDEN AMD NOSWAT.
403
most of lh«m probably Swedes. The paasage money of the emigianta from Ghristiania
was estimi^ed at 1,086,000 kroner ; 6,499 had their passage prepaid in America. After
Chriatiania the shipping ports for emigrants 1888 rank as follows:
Porta.
granto.
Fdita.
Bmi-
sxanta.
5,W7
2,815
1,MS
1,908
It is not possible to give exactly the trade and profession of the emigrants from this
country to the United States in 18^8, bat it appears from several reports already pub-
lished that a laige namber of seamen left from the western districts, and that the bulk
of emigrants from eastern Norway consisted of fiumers from the mral district and arti-
sans from the cities.
WLSAJXOEB,
The aooonnts of the treasnry for the last fiscal year ended June 30, 1888, were bal-
anced with a deficit of 619,000 kroner, against 600,000 kroner, as oJcnlated in the
budget. The Government receipts were 43,976,000 and the expenditures 44,696,000.
The national debt amounted on June 30, 1888, 'to 106,283,000 kroner, and in the course
of the last half of the year a new government loan, bearing interest at 3 J per cent., was
contracted for the oonyersion of the 4} and 4 per cent, loans of 1878 and 1884. It is
supposed that the Goyemment now proposes to obtain ajgiropriations of 20,000,000 kroner
for the construction of new railroads. No addition to the present net of railroads was
made in 1888, but the receipts of the past year show an increase of 8 per cent, over those
of 1887.
nrDUBTBIBB.
In 1888 horseshoe nails were exported to the amount of 2, 600, 000 kroner, and were intro-
duced into several new foreign markets. Forty-six breweries supplied the oountxy with
beer, the consumption of which beverage was, in 1887, estimated at 13. S liters per indi-
vidual, compared with 17.7 liters during the period 1878 to 1882, and 20.1 liters in 1873
to 1877. During the past year 13,300 hectoliters were exported, probably at small profit
for the Ibreweries.
The consumption of domestic whisky, which is now constantly tailing of^ and on the
Sroduction of which the tax was raised 12.6 ore per liter, amounted in 1888 to 4, 600, 000
iters of 60 per cent of alcoholic strength; 300,000 liters were exported to foreign mar-
kets, but at low prices. France and Spain had just begun to import Norwegian spirits,
but owing to the increased import duties they must now be regarded as dosed markets.
Fifty tobacco manufactories, which daring the first eleven months of the year imported
1,260,000 kilograms of raw tobttcco leaves, are now working in this country, but large
quantities of smoking-tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes are also imported from Germany,
Holland^ and the United States. The duty on raw tobacco leaves was increased from
1.25 to 1.75 kroner. The statistics show that the consumption of tobacco, which during
1871 to 1876 was 1.15 kroner, and in 1876 to 1880 was 1.20 kroner per individual, fell
off considerably after the rise in the duty in 1880. In 1880-'81 the consumption of to-
bacco was only 0.85 kroner per individual, and will now probably further decline after
the new increase of duty.
The match factories are every year exporting larger quantities of these products to
foreign markets, and their shippings were in 1888 estimated at 4,800,000 kilograms,
against 3,177,000 in 1884 and 2,336.000 kiloii^rams in 1881. The bulk of matches goes
to India (Oalcatta and Madras), and a small quantity of the so-called safety matches is
■old to China and Japan, which countries, however, have lately commenced to compete
with European match-produceis. English capitalists aro now negotiating to buy almost
all the match fMtories in Sweden and Norway in order to gain the monoply of this article
in the English market. Similar plans for buying all the Norwegian breweries and wood-
pulp mills with English capital are also reported.
EXPOBTS.
No American vessels arrived in 1838 to this port, with the exception of the U. S
steam-ship JSMtfrprwe, which in the month of July spent a week here. From the port
of Fredericksstad, within this district, where there is a lively export trade with Australia,
an American sailing vessel took a cargo of planed lumber for Melbourne.
t1
404
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
I beg to snbjoin a liat of the exports from this consular district daring the
year of 1888 to the United States, together with the declared Talnes of same:
AitiolM.
■
▲ntiquliies ^
Whisk J «....«,M ~
Boolu» ^
Wild berriaa
Fiflb:
Herring and anchovies «.
Flint fltones^...^^
Old Iron imils
Old rope
Planer oaaUi^
GlAasware
Mica
Preserved food ,
Porpoise hides and skins
Knives, scissors, etc /.
Hhoes of reindeer skin
Pictures^ ^
Fish oil
Value.
I19B.8S
194.24
8. 659. 73
6,192.66
2,435.08
6.874.94
222.67
8,858.90
4, 296. 9:}
408.11
147. 18
8,233.51
1.S8.95
10,947.83
1.711.15
•101.0.1
4,860.53
13,980.22
88.76
Artlol<
Personal effects ~ m..^.
Cheese.. »«
Porcelain .««.
Pianos ,
Reindeer
Skins and hides
Skin jackets -
Sleiglis
Soap :
Kuipty petroleum hnrrela..
Wood pulp
Beer i
Sundries........^.
Total
iQCFMbM in 1888. •••«•••• ••••••••«»••••«
Valua.
|ia0.88
a, 57a 72
601.77
sa.16
413.32
183.51
9,627.45
640.37
' 164.10
163.04
15,421.12
443, 530. S6
897.36
86H.55
560,285.01
470,860.75
79,416.26
UifiTicD States €k)N8ULATB, *
February 4, 1880.
Gk&h. Oaos,
OmuuL
GOTHENBURG.
REPORT BY OONaVL MAN,
BUSINESS BEVIVAU
The bnsineaB actiTity which was felt in the markets of other oonntries in 1887 seems
to have finally reached Sweden, as the year 1888 evidenced a noticeable increaaeand ani-
mation in trade and navigation.
Full treasuries and low rates of interest were inducements to new commercial enter-
prises, and the^e undertakings, combined with the usual contagion of general activity
and competition, seem to have toned business up cousidefably during 1888.
An increased demand for transportation raised the price of treightsandcauBedadditional
liveliness in navigation. Custom-house receipts, as well as (be tonnage of the vessels
arriving here from foreign ports, was much greater than the loregoing year, iu fact the
tonnage was the largest ever eutere(i. Ex^^orls of metal, lumber, pit-props, matched,
tish, and pork, oil-cake, cotton and woolen goods, cattle, batter, paper, aod woud-pulp
increased in comparison with the year before, while cereals, machinery, implements, and
tar were less than in 1887.
Imports of wheat, cotton, coffee, rice, raw sugar, salt, tobacco, leaven, coal and coke,
hides and skins, oil and pig-irou, filiow an increase, while rye, barley, Indian corn, wheat
and rye flour, unrefined sugar, and American pork decreased.
FOBETUN EXCHAKQE.
Transactions in foreign exchange at Gothenburg amounted in 1888 to $6,456,031,
an increase of $289,21t> as compared with the year 1887. As compared with the pre-
ceding year the values of the ditl'ereiit kinds were as follows:
Description.
Pounds
Ilikamarks
Francs
llullaad florins
966,817 10 %
4,501 102.72
3,789 604.72
81 461.89
1887.
879,619 12 S
6,178,400.86
3,814,479.39
78,577.11
^
EUROPE — SWEDEN AND NORWAY.
405
TrADsactions in foreign exchange at Gothenburg during the eleven years, 1878 to 1888,
inclusiye, were as follows:
1879 10,679.7l»
1880 „ ^ „ 10,»7!^,574
1881 », 75S, 2<>1
1882 9, 2U7, 828
iii53 « 8.066.951
IS84 « « ^ ^ $5,501,320
1885 ^ 6,063,636
1886 „ 6,697,799
1887 ^ 6,166.819
1868. ^„ 6,456,031
CUSTOMS RK< K1PT8.
The receipts of the custom-house at 6othenbur<; amounted in 1888 to $2,380|465, an
increase of $240,386 as compared with the previou.i jear.
NAVIGATION.
At the close of the year the following vessels were registered at this port:
GlaM.
No.
Tonnage.
Horse-
power.
Steam* veaoebi •*.
110
101
44,715.06
45.701.61
7.673
Sttiiinir vessels
Total
214
90,476.67
7,673
During the year 7 vessels of 1,311 tons were built, ani 12 of 8,338 tons were pur-
chased; 3 vessels of 1,200 tons were lost and 17 of 4,223 tons were sold.
The number of vessels and amount of tonnage owned at the end of the year 1888, as
compared with 1887, shows an increase of 8 steam- vessels and a decrease of 9 sailing ves-
sels, bat a gain of 4,216.13 tons in the tonnage.
FBBIOHTS.
In direct contrast to the free navigation e^cperienced in the early months of 1887, the
beginning of 1888 found the water approaches to Gothenburg in every direction ob-
structed by an almost impregnable ice barrier created by an unusually severe winter,
and which, but for the powerful and unremitting efforts of the ice-breaking steamer,
constructed especially for the purpose of cutting a way through heavy ice, and towing
in the steamers plying to and from this port, Gothenburg's navigation would have been
closed until late in the sprint;. Freights showed no perceptible change tintil summer,
when they began to rise, ste^^ily increasing, until in the autumn they stood at higher
figuree than Imd been known here for a de(»Mle.
Arrivala. — Daring the year there arrived at Gothenburg from foreign ports:
OlaM.
Steam-TeoMli
SAilinir VMwels...
>••••• ••«••• •»•••• ••■«•• ••• ■•• ••••••••• ••• ••• •••••• •••••« ••« •••••• ••• •
Total....
2.029
733
2,762
Tonnagre.
848,168.16
92,923.90
941.092.06
This was 14 less steam-vessels and 86 more sailing vessels than during the foregoing
year, with an increase in the tonnage of 10,914 tons, and the largest amount ever arriv-
ing here in any one year.
CKearonces.— During the year there cleared from Gothenburg for foreign ports:
Class.
No.
Tonnage.
SiMUn-TMMll.... '■■
1,932
843
820,987.00
Sailing Toiooli
99,897.68
Total .~
2.415
920,884.68
4oe
COMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
Thn was a decrease of 24 steam-Teflsels and 75 sailing Teasels, bnt an Increase In tlia
tonnage ol 16,040.59 as compared with the preceding year.
Of ail the Teasels arrlTed and departed not one carried the American flag.
Number ofvnMia mUered and eieared at Chthenburg durmg the past ten peony 187&-1888L
A8WI •••••••••••••«•«•«•«•••«•••«•« •••d
A0Si ••••••••»««•••«»•••■•••«•••••■•••
Bntoced.
2,095
2,281
2,114
2,411
2,486
deftied.
1,850
3,125
2,005
2,202
2^847
1885
2,481
2^600
2,473
2,000
2,70
2,180
2^810
2^870
2,514
2,415
FSIKCIPAL 1EXPOBT8.
Iron and steel, the chief exports of the conntrj, showed an incnaae of 4,130,107
kilograms: though, on the whole, the lessened demand, with the consequent lower piioea,
madeanotnerdnll year for the iron indastries. The caose of this diminishing require-
ment of the finer grades of Swedish iron is still attributed mainly to new methods of
working iron, which make the former no longer so necessary for the porposes for which
it was formerly indispensable.
The declared export of iron and steel to the United States during the year amounted
to 22,666 tons, Talned at |943,93L50, as against 40,931 tons, valued at $1,141401.15, in
1887, showing a decrease of, 18,265 tons and of $197,169.65 in Talnei
Matches, which may also be reckoned among the principal exports of Sweden, after
haying fallen off somewhat in 1887, now show an increase of 753,914 kilograms.
Wood pulp seems to be fulfilling its promise of becoming one of the leading industries
of the land, 29,680,624 kilograms having been exported in 1888, being an increase of
6,892,191 kilograms over the preceding year, which increase alone exceeds the .entire
amount exported a few years ago.
Butter is also one of the st^ily increasing exports, haying found an appredatiTe
market in England. There has been a general movement to prevent the manufacture
and importation of oleomargarine, as likely to damage the reputation and interfere with
the sale of Swedish butter in the foreign markets. In 1882 3,542,232 kilograms were
exported. In 1888 the amount was 6,903,452 kilograms, or double the figures first
quoted, and 998,981 kilograms in excess of 1887. The exports of butter from Gothen-
burg during the yean 1880-1888 were, as follows:
Eillogrmms.
1880 ^ 2, l»,979
1881 ., 1,795,811
1882
» ••«■• •■ • • • ••• • • • • •••«•• •
2,420,777
1888 8, 542, 232
awOB ■•■—>»■■»»#•——» tat »w »•> — — •—•—•»♦ — — » »<• ••»— 4f U*0| OOf
1885 „ ^. 6^ 178,700
1887 ^ ............ 8,004,471
PHINOIPAL IMP0HT&
As I have before stated, the greater part of the merchandise of United States produa-
tion arrives here by the way of English, G^man, and other ports, and, in the official
statistics, being accredited to the ports of re-exportation, it is impossible to fl^ow the
amount coming f^m the United States. But, of importations possibly of Ameriban pro-
duction, there was an increase of sirup, rice, cotton, and petroleum, though the increase
in the latter could probably be attributed to a Russian source, while refined sugar, pork,
wheat fiour, and Indian com decreased; Indian corn particularly showing a great fall-
off, only 28,874 kilograms being imported, as against 2,999,948 the preceding year,
and 4,929,167 in 1886; which was caused by the recent heavy import duty.
ImpoTtaUonB at OMenburg of hreadetuffk during the yeain 1686 to 1888L
Artlole.
••••••••««
Wheat.
Rytt
Barley
Indian oom .
Wheat floor.
Rye floor .....
Paddy ..«^«..<
•••«•••••••••••••••••••••••••«•»•••••••••••••«••«•«•«•••••■•••••«•
• •«•• ••••««••••••••«••• • • « •••••• »•••••••• • • • ••«••• M • • • • •••« • •• •••• • • » •••••• ••«
1808.
1,179,833
10,575.579
887,882 4
28,874
5,309,011
8,188,162
UB,603
1887.
JBVoirartiM.
443,823
15,772,100
1.7ni,445
2,91)9,948
11,147,250
7,017,872
205,820
11,2BB»6I2
1,370,008
4,028,107.
13,008,800
7.207,510
124,100
EtmOPE — SWED&N ANt> iTORWAt.
A01
THX HEBBINa FISHKSm
These, as in ilie foregoing year, were very snocessinl. The fish began to appear in the
waters along this coast as early as September, yielding large catches, and brought good
piiceSi
The total catch amounted to about 54,000,000 kilograms, some 38,000,000 kilograms
of which were exported, 50,000 barrelBt being shipped to German and Bossian ports im
the Baltic.
When these figures are compared with those of 1877, when only 22,607 kilograms of
fresh fish of all kinds were exported, it will be seen to what importance the herring
fisheries have attained. And could these immense quantities of fish be smoked i^na
salted here, instead of being sent toother countries, to undergo these processes, or in un-
favorable weather spoiling, and thereby becoming a total loss, as is ii^uently the case,
a great industry might be developed, which would give remuneratiye employment to
large numbers of people who now eke out a scanty eS^t^ioeL
^ Ebkxbi a. Han,
OoMuL
UimsD States Cohbulatb,
QMmihwrg, May 21, 1889.
Fordffn exchange told at Ooihenhurg during the year 1888.
Month.
••■••••«*•••••••••••«•••«••••«
••«••■ •••••••«■■•«•••
Jannaiy....
Pdbnutfy .......
Juno ■.«••.•.••
Jnly^..........
Augusi „
September .
October
November .
Deoember...
Total.
Pounds.
69, M2
64,848
65,184
78.794
75,260
76,684
106,906
96,008
81,787
90.997
86,625
68,213
12 8
7 5
10 0
4 7
12-3
12 8
1 1
6
18
11
8
6
7
1
6
6
4
966,817 10 2
Blktm»rka.
: 233, 921. 60
219,013.44
463,890.78
221,806.83
829.702.94
270,016.68
280,478.25
436.229.00
652,018.32
409,143.52
293, 152. 49
801,725.97
4,601,102.72
Fronos.
830,05180
169.623.75
149,491.58
225,817.28
288,276.05
380,001.40
858.414.92
452,936.90
337,533.17
601,932.84
890,008.14
265,615.80
8,789,604.72
Dntoh
florlno^
■ • ••••■•# ****** ***
4,714.50
6,420.10
6,200.63
16,020.29
8,916.15
8,645.81
7,716.95
18,U6.86
7,713.13
84,461.89
Totalindol*
Ian.
1453,600.49
898,789.22
457,440.88
457,906.07
619,769.47
496,698.88
666,734.43
665.892.90
076,856.55
609,841.46
668.063.75
454.960.65
6,456,061.34
Naivigaiion ai (he part of Oothenburg during ike year 1888L
BNTBRSD.
Flac-
«•»»»«»»»«»».
»««»—«.»»»«..«»»»»—«
Danish...
Snslieh.«...M.
Finnish..
French . . . ..m« •
German
Dutch
BW9dlflll.«..«.eM •«e,..»«Meo
*■■■■ ■■•••••••••«•••••••••••
'••••• »••••« •••»«• •••«■ • ■••»• •
Total....
•«« •••■•• »«•••••••••«
Jfo.
423
238
14
2
83
1
1,268
8,<B9
Ton*.
128,998.09
198,436.76
!•• ••• ••• « mm •••••■
4,340.36
1,126.90
37,919.57
73&84
496.624.00
848,168.16
Sailing TeBwls.
No.
54
84
9
8
39
10
141
4
439
Ton9,
4,596.09
7,461.06
8,285.04
740,07
0,441.04
1,193.04
31,879.06
740.06
48,064.04
93,038.90
TotaL
19a.
4n
273
9
8
08
13
324
5
1,707
1,763
IVmm
138,589.18
300,807 81
8,285.04
740.07
9,781.40
3,818.94
49,298.68
1,468.54
044,70&04
941,003.00
408
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
NavigMm at the part af Qdhenbvrg dwing ihe year 1688— Contiaiiod.
CLBABBD.
Vlii«.
DeatinatioB.
flleamers.
Sailing
TSHiall.
Total
Ctamutfi^... ........
Dutch .....^.............
NorwciBlMi .-
Denmark, 800: England. 60r Norway. 88;
Spain, 1; Anatralla^L
England, 286; BoMla, 0; France, 4; Gai^
many, 6; Bclgrium, 4; Norway, 2; Den-
mark,!; Netherlaada,l; Spain, 1| Italy,
1; United States,!; Aa8tmria,l.
Bnsrland, 8; Finland, 1 ; France, 1; Roe-
iiia,!.
i?Tfinoe,2L. •.•..«••....«...«•.•..•.•«•••••••.••••■•. •.•.•••..«.
Germany, 25: England, 13; Morocco, 5;
KuMia,2; Netlierlanda, 2 ; Australia, 2;
Denmark,!; Norway,!; Belifium, 1;
Prance,!; Senegal, !•
Netberlande, 6 ; Germany, 2 ; France, 1 ; —
Norway, 81 ; England, 29; Netlierlanda, 28;
Germany, 24: France, 8; Australia, 6;
Russia, 6; Cape Town, 5 ; United States,
3; Spain, 2; Denmark, 1; Belgium, 1;
Morocco, !; Tunis, 1; Brazil, 1
Ensrland. 8: Russia. 1: Liubeck. 1 ........••
No.
421
230
1
1
78
1
1,189
No,
4S
88
5
S
40
8
VZ
4
287
12&.455w96
104,807.61
1,808.76
048,84
10,642.68
1,840.62
00,070.08
1,411.68
080,804.08
DWWilBn •••••• •••««••••••
England, 415; Denmark, 406; Norway, 215;
Germany, 122; France, 89; Belgium, 68;
Russia. 34; Netherlands, 8!; Spain, 12;
Cape Town, 6; Argentine Republio, 6;
Portugal, 8; Italy, 8; Port Natal, 8; Can-
ada, 8: Gibraltar, 2; United States, 2;
Arctic Ocean, 2 ; miscellaneous, 8.
Total
1,932
488
020,884.68
EXPORTS TO THE UNITSD STATES.
Declared value of exports from the eonsular district of Gothenburg to the United States dur^
ing the four guartere of the year ended December 31, 18S^
ArUdes.
Bagging (oId).«.....^
Barrels, empty petroleum
Hides and skins
Iron:
Scrap ^ ,
Swedish..
Matches. ,
Paper..
SteeL
Wood pulp
Sundries
e*ea ••••••
Total in United States gold
Total preceding year
Increase...
Quarters ending-
March 81.
8882.18
1,548.05
404.81
131. 456. 48
12,845.!5
1,419.94
8,796,40
41,710.24
2,297.40
201.360.10
317,794.47
116,434,87
June 80.
82,243.C2
1,978.26
210,195.84
9,209.31
320.04
18,404.78
00.019.22
2,493.50
294,864.57
437,912.89
143,047.82
8epl.80.
81,270.02
2,189.21
^684.60
210,666.05
10,869.57
1,777.8!
12,065.82
40,500.40
2,561.70
287.689.09
870,271.62
87,788.08
DeaSL
$1,970.00
0,648.01
381,280.10
11.794.80
898.20
11,103.70
91,524.88
7,275.92
461,460.80
841, 417. OC
120.088.80
Total for the
86,876.27
4,U7.48
12,880.56
404.81
888,548.66
44,718.88
4,416.04
60,870,25
223,754.69
14,62&52
1,240,215.06
1,467,895.48
22^,180.42
nk
EtBOPE — 8WITZEBLAND.
409
Declared eacpork Jrom the eonndar district of Gothenburg to (he United States^ etc — Cont'd.
OKNSBAI. XZFOBTS.
ArtidM.
•••QO* ••••••■
Butter...... .MM M
Cheese ^ ^
Fish:
Preab ^ do
Dry and salted do
Breadstufffl „do „..
HIdeeand •kinB....M ........do
Iron andstevl do
Lumber ^ oubio meters...
Maehinery aod implements ', .«.•»......
Matches m...... kilofframs...
OUoake .^.^ do
Paper...M ...Mdo....M..*
PiM>Topfl. M M. cubic meters...
Pork kilograms...
Tar....M do
Wood pulp.....M do.........
Woven fabrios:
Cotton de
Wool o do
Linen and hemp....^..... do m..
Breadstuff^ ..do
Cheese do
Coal and cokes..,. hectoliters
Coffee.. .'. kilosrrams...
Cotton do
Hides and skins ^ do
Lron:
Pig .MM do
Railroad rails do
Liquor, alcoholic i liters...
Oil, petroleum kiloarrams...
Paper.... ...M. ...do —*.
Pork, American do...M
Rice M M k...... ....do.. .MM
Sugar:
Raw .M.... .M«M. ....«.•«.••••...».. .M... • do.....M
Refined. m m..... do....
Tea. M M < do.....M
Tobacco, leaf.. M a^ m do......«
Wool MM ...M M. do........
WoTen fikbrios.MM...M » m m..m...... do
1888.
18, 908,462
182,087
18,881,142
2,127,141
85,366,025
876,768
U6, 699, 612
240,891
200,812
7.766.698
174,088
10,140,566
231,283
1.542,077
88.570
29,680.624
833,714
42,772
20.806
21,845,534
25,402
4.643,006
5,330,080
7,694,894
1,261,847
18,545,967
8,863,066
541,686
4,600,654
10,140,566
2,942,541
5,592,251
6,715,062
1,584,596
66,456
980,658
849,147
688,688
OTarl887.
ikomlSff?.
1896,981
886,502
1,027,228
4,180,407
87,837
758,914
1,021,818
12,674
262,663
6,892,191
289,882
16^264
302,076
2,874,013
881, OU
6.984,532
160,175
1,021,818
8,167,800
872,166
8,962
357,677
821,861
42,980
•U8,198
4,497,808
184,117
41,165
60,680
69,408
•»«•••«■••«•••••••
512
18,841,789
14,228
••«»«■«»«••« ••■•• ■
506,525
2,495,803
8,716
164,592
■••»*« ••••■••••■••
•••••«••••■«■••«••
604,469
SWITZERLAND.
ItEPORT BY COJUaUL-QSNERAL WINCHESTER, OF BERIOL
The oflSdal statement has been published of the imports and exports of Switzerland
for the calendar year 1888, showing the former to have been 675,729,477 francs ($130,-
415.788*), and the latter 636,636,327 francs ($122,870,811*). This is an increase over
1887, in imports, of 32,697,747 francs ($6,310,665*), and exports, 34,175,276 francs
($6,553,828^.
In this connection the Swiss official financial journal presents some interesting statis-
tics relatire to the trade of the different countries in Europe. From this account it ap-
pears Holland does the largest amount of trade per head of population. The extent of
the aTerage Hollander's commercial operations during the year amounts to 1,012 francs
C$195*)
After Holland, though at some distance, oomes Switzerland with 510 ftancs ($98*) per
head of population. England is third in the list with 421 francs ($81*), while Fiance
and Germany average only about 100 francs ($19*). The textile industry in itsyarious
branches, long retarded in Switzerland by cantonal customs duties restrictions, and
the high protective tariffii of the surrounding states, has struggled under the most ad-
verse conditions to a position of assured and steadily increasing importance and pros-
perity. This industry is mostly of a wholesale and export ohaiacter.
* BmdumA to United States equivalent in the Departmenti
r
410
COMlfERCIAL BELATIOK8.
Switserland, with limited domestic and inland market, with a central contineotal
poeition, with no sea-ooaat and withont nayijifable streams to ocean ports, entirelj de-
pendent on land transportation, adding considerably to the cost of the imported raw
material and the export of the finished prodaet, was driTen by the sharp indastrial com-
petition to seek a place in the world's markets with those prodncts the ymlae of whidi
is high as compared with balk and weight According to ^a last censna there were en-
gaged in—
SilkindtintHM,
Cotton Industry
Embroidery industry ,
Linen and part linen Industry.
Wool and part wool industry ..
•••••••*••••••••«••%••••
. eeeeeeseseeeeee »— ee
« •••»••»•■•* ••• «
«•••• .»#»■•—# -•••••••••••»»••••••••••••«•«••••
61, 1»
4S.1M
as, 794
10. 7»
a»in
To which might be added as auxiliary to the textile indnstiy those Migaged in chem-
ical works nnmbering 10,046, making a total of 166,336 persons, comprising fix>m one-
fourth to one-third of the aggregate employed in all branches of indnstry. Aa repre-
sented in commercial statistics the textile indost^ for the last three yean for wUch tiw
figures haye been giren, in imports has been:
1885.
1886.
1887.
1885.
1886.
1887.
1686.
1886.
1887.
1885.
Arilol<
Ck^tton.....
i««««»\av •••••• •••••<
Silk....
> do ......
do.
Linen
do.
do
Wool,
••••••••
Yalna.
60,000,000
60,000,000
72,000,000
114,000.000
134,000,000
181,000,000
10,000,000
9,000.000
10,000,000
26,000,000
1886..M...
1885..........
Total, 1885
Total, 1886i
Total, 1887.
Axtlolea.
Cl0'ttUI..*.,Me e*««
•««a*CIO •••••• eeaeieaee
•••••«00 ••••••■ee******
■ •••••*•••• veeeeee •««•••
44,000,000
44,000.000
i4,O0Q,«00
28,000,000
86,000.000
948,000,000
970,000.000
288,000,000
The export during the same period:
Tear.
18«
1886
1885
1886
1887
1885
1886 „..
1887..........^...
Articles.
Cotton.
. ...do ...
Silk ,
do..,
do...
Linen..
do...
• OO ••■••*•••■
Wool
Value.
157,000.000
161,000,000
169,000,000
188,000.000
194,000,000
2,000,000
1,0(X),000
2,000,000
6,000,000
1886....
1887...
1885....
1886...
1887..,.
Total, 1885.
Total, 1886
Total, 1887.
Articles.
Wool...
I do ...
Cloths..
do...
,.....do ....
••••*•••••
....«•....
... ..« »•*.•• ••« .v.**!
.. »»«■«.• •• » •«««••
Value.
11,000,000
18,000,000
4,000,000
9,000,000
6,000,000
840,000,000
806,000,000
878,000,000
The raw material for this textile industry is almost entirely imported, a yeiy insig-
nificant per cent being produced in the country, and its growth may be i^own in the
importaUons for the following dates:
ArUelc
V/OVVOil««««*»««««e**see«e«a«*«**«»«»*«aaas««**a*»*«««*ea««**»«*««««««*
Raw silk
Flax, hemp. Jute, ete. ^
VV OOl ■•aaaaaaaaaaaaee— aaaaesee»»—»aa»»ea»aa»aaaa aaaava •••••• aeva^a
1865.
110.481
7,948
6,811
5,009
1868.
118,259
8,254
8.076
8,806
1878.
QwMlois.*
221,688
12,202
18,700
20,648
188B.
Qii4iitalt.*
840,501
12,004
12,801
80,688
1877.
Qnimtah'
283.858
15,285
12, 7M
87,789
At first glance the silk industxy, with its' nearly 200,000,000 flranos of «zportB in the
year 1887, would seem to be entitled to the precedence in three industries, but a closer
examination reyeals the fact that the cotton textures have made a greater ratio of in*
crease, the export of the same in 1887, of yam and thread, amounting to about 20,000,-
000 francs, texture about 140,000,000 fhuics, and embroidery about eighty-five to nine^
* Quintal metrioal equals 220 poonda^
EDEOPE — SWITZEBI^AND.
411
million fVancs. There bail been daring tbe last tbree yean a marl^ed decrease in tbe export
of yam as well as textnre, and the Swiss cotton-spinning interest does not present a iavor-
able ontlook, attributed in part to provisions of commercial treaties and the competition,
especially in threads, of English goods. The embroidery trade has tripled itself in twenty
years, and in 1887 reached an export of nearly 90,000.000 francs.
One fiiet appearing in the general summing up of SwitxerUmd statns 4t the dose of
the past year, the statistics as to her newspaper and periodical pablications is mostly of
notice. Of these there are 766; to which might be added 36 offidiBd publications, bringing
the total to 812. Zurich takes first rank, with 183 j oumals ; but accord ing to population
she only occupies third place, leaving to Geneva and Basle the two first places. The
population of Switzerland being in 1880 little less than 3,000,000; this gives an average
of one journal for each 3,505 innabitanta. But above this average there are eight Can-
tons.
In the German language there are 491 papers, 329 in French, 17 Italian, 3 Romish,
and 10 in different foreign languages (English, Polish, Russian, etc.), and, lastly, 26
papers on which are printed two, three, or four languages.
The oldest paper is the *'Freitage Zeitung," which was founded in 1666. Ten news-
papen appear twice a day and 66 are dailies.
BOTD WlKGHSSTBR,
United Statsb Gonsulatb-Gbnbbal,
Beme^ March 13, 1889.
Imports and exports of SwUzedand during the ffear 1888.
ArtioU
Imports.
Agricultural prodaota...
Aniomls and ikios.
Caoiilohouo.
Chemical prodaota
Cloths
Cotton
Flax, hemp, eto.
Food and beverage
LeaUier
Machinery •
A& I Q Va «• 10 •••••«•••••«•••«•••••••
Otajeota of art m........^...
8,896,728
85,824.498
223,600
0,825,240-
19,223,702
60,545,208
8,878,770
206,889,683
1,410,788
13,806,600
11,426,181
80.764,608
82,414,481
8,060,170
Exports.
840,263
22.701.018
2,286,550
8,597.905
5,032,113
158.654,621
795,079
66,597,107
70,898
6,874,156
18.070,708
82,256.527
1,511,807
4,186,067
Artides.
on and
Paper..
Pottery
Silk
Straw
Watch materials
Wood
Wool
Daring 1887
xnorease .••..*........*
Imports.
Franea.
7,801,000
1,682,108
8,489.604
120,082,370
850,431
2,450,648
U, 000, 706
80,188.400
676,702,477
648,081,780
82,607,747
Bxports.
IHmea,
254,458
8,400,200
526,406
207,887,088
8,022,825
78,802,082
6,187,800
10,881,035
686,636,827
608,461,051
84,176^276
t^
THE UNITBD KDSTGDOM.
MMFORT BY COSaUL-QMNEBAL WALLER FOR TBB TBARB U87 AND 1B88L
OENBRAL TRADE BSTIVAL.
The iodioatioDB of a general revlTal of the trade and oommeroe of the kingdom, to
which attention was called in the last annual oonsular report from this office^ have been
more than verified* Official and other returns clearly show a decided improvement in
both the volume and character of the business done in 1888 over the year previous, and
this increased prosperity, which promises to continue for some time to come, is not con-
fined to any particular department of the trade or industry of the kingdonu This fact
is shown by the statistical returns hereinafter given of exports and imports, of railway
traffic, of agriculture, of finance and shipping, especially when such statistics are for the
calendar as well as t^e fiscal year of 1868; and it is encouraging to observe that the
prosperity of the year just ended is apparently due to legitimate trade and not to specula-
tion; this improvement, although general, is more marked in some branches of trade
than in others. This is notably so in ship-building, the total tonnage of ships built in
1888 never having been exceeded, except in two instances, in the whole history of the
industry. The increase in the value of imports was Z\ per cent, and of ezi>ort8 4^ per
cent, over the year previous. The agricultural returns for 1688, although not as satis-
factory as was anticipated in the earlier part of the year, considering the total produce
and price obtained, are better than those of 1887.
LOOAL GOYBRNMENT.
The local government act for England and Wales was the most important legislation
of the year. This act is regarded as the first installment of local administrative reform.
It is intended to bring under one central county authority all local matters. Hitherto
county affiurs have been managed by justices of the peace, appointed for life by the crown,
the government of large towns being mostly in the hands of elected councilors of a munic-
ipal corporation. The act creates an entirely new elective body, to be called the county
council, and vests in it the administrative (not the judicial) duties of the justices of the
peace — such as the levying of a county rate, the maintenance of shire halls, lunatic
asylums, industrial schools, roads and bridges, and revision of the Parliamentary Beg-
ister. The council will also take additional duties, such as the appointment of coronets,
while the management of the oonnty police will be vested in a joint committee of the
council and the j usUces of the peace. Provision is made permitting various imperial au-
thorities to transfer to the county councils any administrative duties of a local diaracter.
The members of the council are elected for a term of three years by the occupiers of any
building, or of land of the annual value £10. The councilors elect the aldermen for the
term of six years, either from their own body or without, the number of aldermen not
to exceed one-third of the number of coundlors, one-half of their number retiring trien-
nially.
In addition to the council for each of the fiify-two counties, sixty-one boroughs, which
have a population of 60,000, are made county boroughs, and are constituted in the
same manner as the county councils.
Hitherto the imperial treasury has contributed to certain local expenses, such as dis-
bursing half the pay and clothing of the police, but the county council will in future
take this burden, and to meet this and other expenses the imperial treasury assigns to
the counties 40 per cent, of the tax paid on the grants of probate of wills and letters of
administration, also the revenue derived from liquor and other licenses. It is calculated
that this arrangement will lighten the county rate at least S^d on each £1 of the ss-
■eesed value of a holding.
The act makes London a county of itself, with one hundred and eighteen oonndlon
and nineteen aldermen. The metropolitan board of works will cease to exist on the
ii3
EDBOPE — UNITED KINQDOM.
413
operation of the act (April 1, 1889), and their dnties will lie performed by the new
council. The act deprives the corporation of the city of London of the appointment of
several officials, such as the judges of the city civil courts.
The councils will have power to borrow money for consolidating the county debt,
purchasing land for administrative buildings, etc., and permanent works.
No person will be subject to a fine for non-«oceptance of office, as he is under the munic-
ipal coporations of large towns. It is proposed by a subsequent act to make all local
sanitary authorities subcommittees of uie county counciL
IMPOBTS AND XXF0BT8.
>
The total value of goods imported into the United Kingdom in 1887 was $1,811,137,820,
an increase of $61,8^,460, or 3} per cent. There was an increase in wool amounting to
$10,000,000, but a decrease in the weight of 16,600,000 pounds; an increase in corn of
15,000,000 hundredweights in weight and $25,000,000 in value; in raw cotton, 700,000
hundredweights in weight and $10,000,000 in value, and in coffiM of 40,000 hundred-
weights in weight and ^,000,000 in value; but there was a decrease in tea of 9,000,000
pounds in weight and $7,500,000 in value.
The total value of exports was $1,403,815,805, an increase of $60,480,7^, or 4} per
cent. The increase in the value of British and Irish produce exported was $44,907,160,
or Ai per cent., and of foreign and colonial produce $ 15, 573, 560 or 5} per cent., compared
vnth 1886. The principal increases in British and Irish produce occurred in cotton man-
ufactures, increase of $10,000,000 in value; iron and steel manufactures, $15,000,000 in
value; woolen manufactnres, $5,000,000 in value; and machinery, $5,000,000. In for-
eign and colonial merchandise exported the principal increases occnrred in raw cotton,
$10,000,000; and wool, $10,000,000. There was a decrease of $3,000,000 in the value
of tea and fE2,500,000 in the value of raw hides exported.
Aggregate imports into the Uuited Kingdom in 1887.
Desorlptlon.
Animals:
Oxen, balls, oows, and calves *, nnmber...
Sheep and lambs do
Bacon and hAms ....owts...
Beef «do
Bones (except Trhalebone) »....tons...
Brimstone ewto...
Brietle*! ^ .......poondii...
Batter and marsrarine cwte..
Mitrearine ~ do
Okndles.....^ do
Gaoatohouo ..do
Cheese ^ do
Cliemical manufactures And products.
China, porcelain, and earthenware owts...
Clocks
Cocoa pounds...
CofiTee.. cwts...
Confectionery and suocades /. do
Cereals and flour :
Wheat do.
Barley do.
Oats « do.
BfAiae MM... MM* ~do.
Other kinds ~do.
Flour of wheat ^ do.
Flour of other kinds do.
Total of oerals and flour » ....do.
.do.
.do.
•»•••••••««»••
do...
.pounds.
Cotton:
Raw M ».
ManufiMtures » ,
DruRs:
Bark (PeniTlaa).. m..
Opium M.M....
Unenomerated
DyeinflT or tanning stuff's :
Coohineal, granella, and dust owin.
Cutch and gambler tons.
Extracts
Dyes from coal tar
Indigo. cwts.
Quantltisa.
205, Ml
971,404
8.927,602
874,248
69,281
661,158
2,892,078
1,518,184
1,276,140
78,156
287, 5U
1,886,789
187,270
27,862,568
1,045,698
874,696
56,802,518
14,239,666
14,462,948
81,167,825
6,884.880
18,063,234
896,961
140,966,907
15,994,976
143,177
654,122
10,089
27,361
76,700
10 AiTT
Yalusa.
122.198,925
8,229,196
48,668,880
9.066,186
1,568,826
785,940
2.025,875
40,061.870
19,401,635
797.6.55
18,522,825
22.971,910
6,666,466
2,688,180
1,991,296
4,548,945
21,241,920
4,319,340
106,689,690
18,807,486
17,441,645
87,741.860
9,274,340
50,189,420
1,360,125
241,453,966
200,782,280
11,404,880
8,808.410
2, 114, 600
8,230,825
813,750
3,807,985
1,973.870
2,714,030
8.865.3:i5
1«) ItfiK
414
COMMEBCIAL REULTIONS.
AggreffoU impmia into tke Vmied KingdMUk in 1887— ContiniMd.
DMoripUoB.
Dylnic or tMininff stofl^— Oontinaad.
BuouM) ^ .'....~ .tont...
V»lonUk ^ «do
Unwiumeral«(L. ~ «^ ewto^.
I>3r»>wood« .....M tons...
Ebss ». ~ ^thonaand.
FaaUiMni (onUkmenUU) ^ ^ ^ ..pounds.
Fish .^.......M .owts.
FIax Mid hemp :
Flax (dressed and undressed) ^ cwts.
Tow or oodiUa of flax and hemp do....
Hemp and other like suhstanoes (except Jute), dressed and undressed
iiuie..*... •...<••••■•••••>>••••••••••••••••••••• •••••• •.•••••••.•.•■••••••••••«•••.•.••.•.•••••. aons...
Flowers (aiiifloal).. ~.....^ ^..
Fruits:
Onrraats ~~ ^...owts...
lUisina....^ ..M do
Oranges and lemons m................» bushels...
juk^M^i exoiusiTv oi nuis.. .•«•>••«■•••«•••••••••••••«••••••••■•••••••••••••.••••. •••••Oo......
Glass of all k^inds .....^
••••••••• •••e««es
.owts...
,.tonB...
.owts.^
...do....
cwts...
..pounds...
pairs...
Guano
Gum of all sorts
Gutta-peroha
Hair:
GkMhts* hair, or wool ......pounds.
Manufactures of hair and of goats' wool
Hides, raw, drj, and wet cwts.
Hops do.
Lace and articles thereof..,
I^rd ..M
I«ather ^
Leather gloves........ .\
Heat:
Unenumerated, salted, or fresh » cwts..
Preserved, other than salted .do
MetaJs :
Copper ore and regulus ..tons...
Unwrougbt, part wrought, and old copper do
Iron ore .,»»•— m— do......
Iron in bars ....dc....
Iron and steel, wrought or manufactured cwts...
Lead, pig and sheet tons...
Bilverore
Tin, in blocks, ingots, bars, or slabs .cwts..
Zinc, crude, in cakes, tons..
Zinc manuftMtnrea. •••.im....m.....«.mm cwts...
Musical instrumenta.
Nuts and kemela used for expressing oil therefrom tons...
Oils:
Fish do
Palm cwts...
Coooa>nnt ....do
Olive tuns...
Seed do
Turpentine cwts...
Oil-seed cake tons...
Onions, raw bushels...
Painters' colors and pigments.
Paper :
For printing or writing ^ cwts...
Other (except hanging) do
Petroleum (reflned and unreflned) gallons...
Pork «.. cwts...
Potatoes do
Poultry, frame, and rabbits m
Pyrites of iron and copper tons...
Bags and other paper-making materials:
Rags do
Esparto and other material ....do
Rice.. ...■•« ...M*. cwts...
Resin ......do
Saltpeter t do
Saltpeter cubic niter .do.....
Seeds :
Clover and graM......M«.....MM.. ..,.m........ .••....., ........do .....
V/Ovi^u............ *..«#....•....•.....■ ............. ......M ..............*•.••............ ...vons...
Flax or linseed quarters*.
Rape do.....
Bilk:
Knubfl, or husks and waste ...cwts...
Itew „ '. pounds..
Qoaalltles.
U,038
29,878
1,2»,225
73,627
1,000,089
690,921
l,eO«,607
l,841,Iia
81S,6U
I,4S0,44B
827,221
1,100,787
ess, 188
4,807,860
4,482,561
1,667,854
81,175
814,162
84,188
18,146.788
X'ilioriSf
145,.18S
907,684
84,876,HB
18,161,478
626, 7M
620,280
109,511
> 81,018
8,769,768
112,968
2,791,668
U4,496
518.860
97, 068
896,879
56,774
17.
968,227
180.792
20,789
15,506
859,208
264.849
8,645,922
275,425
1,409.327
77,890,435
424,968
8,763,357
596,774
88,278
889,769
5,019,512
1,086,121
801,048
1,788,768
884,966
976,627
8,299,128
888,487
66,808
8,491,988
458,872
Yali
•788,600
8,122,870
8,509,306
2,On,07S
15.428,406
4,826,915
10,168,116
12,182,965
1,856,210
10,607.610
18,410,700
1,014.485
7,191,600
6, 112,010
7,718,835
8.651,156
8,871,840
870,480
6,229,089
782,000
4,156.210
446.690
15.682,725
8,188.765
6,068.680
8,021,816
88.001,825
8» 144, 089
8.406,680
6,788.615
18,806,990
6,687,706
18.780,750
4,949,200
10,116,715
7,288,065
6.800.780
14,841,806
4,206,196
1,776.440
8,842,956
8,111,740
1,866,875
4,715.630
1,241,090
8,T91.7«
1,870,600
2,320.080
7,7T9,4fl6
3,083,7&0
4,280,085
2,0BS.T65
6.7»),12S
10,517,996
8,831.965
4,874,S»
8,011,179
5,327,840
2.330,835
9,080,425
9,367,705
1.240,679
1,297,889
4.168.605
8,448,915
7,689,080
81,112,466
4,248,090
1.079,440
8,808,565
8,074,800
%
EUROPE — UNITED KINODOU.
415
AggregaU imports into the United ESngdom in 1887 — Continued.
Description.
Silk manafiactfires :
Broad stuffii....... ^,
Ribbonv. „
Other manofacturefl
•»••■■>•■ ••«•««»«»•••••••••••••«•
QuantitieAi
Total of Bilk tnanufaotures..
•»•••■• •■•••«•••••••»« •••«•« •••••••«* I
»•••»••••»•»«•••
Skins and furs:
Goat, undressed ^
Seal
Sheep and Iamb, undressed
Furs of all sorts
Spices :
Cinnamon « *, m. ^ «. ...pounds...
Pepper » do
\j\ all sores...... ...... ..•*•.••«*.•*••...•.•..•••>••.•...»•<•• •.*•••••.«•■•..•.•.•«»•. ......uo......
.number.
do....
do....
do....
Spirits :
Rum i proof ^llona...
Brandy.... ..m...m* > do
Othbr foreis^ and colonial spirits ; do
Total of spirits «.. do.
Sugar:
Kefl ned, and sugar oandy * *. ^ cwta...
Unrefined....... ^. .do
Molasses ~ ..do
Tallow and stearine do
Tea pounds...
Teeth, elephants', sea-cow, and sea-horse owts...
Tobaooo:
]CanuAkctured,olgar8,andsnuir. pounds...
Unmannfaotured ................... M.... r.. .1. do
Aoys*....................*..... .................................... ............................................
Watches ^ ^
"Wine sallons...
Wood and timber :
Hewn M.....M. M.............M. ....loads...
Sawn or split do
Stavesw. M. do
Mahogany..... * tons...
Wool (sheep, lamb, alpaca, and the llama tribe) pounds...
Woolen rt:^ tons...
Woolen manufactures „
Woolen and worsted yam :
Berlin wool and yarn used for fancy purposes pounds...
Tarn for weaving ^ ~ do
Yeast (dried) cwts...
All other articles
Total .......
4,889,119
e04, 186
8,968,897
25,184,846
1,099,978
29,796,236
22,683,987
6,362.070
2,826,108
2,739,908
11,928,086
6,996,812
18,010,360
905,475
896SI21
221,841,490
10,666
8,696,071
72,178,994
16,883,641
1,718,466
8,797.747
137,578
87,660
577.924,661
81,670
1,188,556
16,068,197
284,962
Values,
125,740.840
18,606,610
12,664,830
61,911,780
8,785,860
2,681,616
4,798,860
4,818,980
220,906
5,107,916
2,762,710
2,529,910
6,586,120
2,053,520
U, 169, 660
27,845,805
54,772,560
608,890
6,368,066
4'), 914, 990
8.880,900
6,106,765
10,888,850
8,848,480
8,753,750
87,33U880
16,250,420
89.468,850'
2,824,825
1,638,080
122,260,105
8,820,610
88,666,185
1,069,210
9,527,880
8,870.140
145,616,880
1.811,187.880
ExpotUfrom (Ke United Kingdom in 1887.
Articles.
BrUUh and Iriih prodttee.
Alkali « cwts...
Apparel and slops 4
Arms and ammunition :
Fire-arms (small) number...
Gunpowder < pounds...
All other kinds
Begs, empty ; .....dozens...
Beer and ale barrels...
Biscuits and bread .....cwts...
Bleaohlng materials » do
Books, pnnted....^.«,...M....M.M...... do
Batter .-. do
dandles of all sorts pounds...
Oaoutohouc, maauCsctures of.
Ganrlages. railway
Cement „ cwts...
Cheese
Chemical products and dye-stufRi
Clocks and watches.....^...........
.do.
Quantities.
6,161,900
128,576
9,788,500
8.221,672
440,867
199,963
1.578,800
133,408
27,794
9,313,100
10,121,800
14,321
Values.
18,713,856
19.796.580
1,116,910
1,816,970
5,496,(195
8,280.655
8,891,800
2,751,485
2,964,806
6,877,065
783,870
904,360
6,351,565
4,137,805
4,913,880
283,765
10,959,675
772,296
416
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
HxporUfmm the United Kingdom in 1887 — Continued.
ArtloU
Briiiih and Iriah prodne* Ctontinqed.
OoaIs, eta :
Coal, oinden, and ftiel tons...
Produoto of ooal (except dyes) »,
Oordaire and twine ^ » cwts...
Corn:
Wheat „ «. ^...do
Wheat flour ^ do
Other kinds ^ ^
Cotton yarn pounds...
Cotton manufaotures :
Piece Koods—
White or plain yards...
Printed, ohecx ad, or dyed do......
Mixed materials ^ do......
Stockings and socks dozen pairs...
Thread for sewing:.. .....^ pounds...
Other kinds
Total.
.barrels.
Earthen and china ware
Fish:
Herrings m. ... ...... .
Other sorts
Furniture, cabinet, and upholstery wares
OlMs:
A late... ............ ... ....«.•....•....•.•...•••• ...... ... ..a....... a... MM. ....•.••. s(|uare lees...
Flint owtfl...
Common bo tiles..... do......
Other sorts do....^
Haberdashery and millinery »
Hardware •nd cutlery
HaU.
Horses «> number...
Implements and tools of industry dozens...
Leather:
Unwroaght owts...
Wrought, boots and shoes dozen pairs...
Wrought, other sorts
Saddlery and harness
Linen and Jute yarn :
Linen yam. pounds...
Jute yam. ....MM ...do
Linen and JutemAnufactures:
Linen manufactures-
White or plain yards..
Printed, cheoked, or dyeil do.....
Sail-cloth and sails ...do
Thread for sewing ........^pounds..
Other sorts m
Total.
Jute manufactures m yards.
'Machinery :
Steam-engines
Other sorts..
Manure
Medicines
Metals:
Iron —
Old, for ro'manufitoture , mm tons.
Pig and puddled m do....
Bar, angle, bolt, and rod ......do..,.
Railroad do....
Wire do....
Hoops, sheets, and boiler plates «^ do;...
Tinnea plates ..do....
Cast or wrought and all other manufactures do....
Steel, unwrought ..do ...
MMiuCactures of steel, or steel and iron combined do....
Total of iron and steel ....do.
Copper—
Unwrought m owts.
Mixed or yellow metal do....
Other sorts m do....
Quantities.
94.460,907
182,258
63,790
154,996
251,026^000
3,471,808,900
1,430,609,600
94,200
1,727,680
90,892,000
1,014,762
4,697,143
97.328
826,400
169,067
9.453
1,194.638
152,626
602,716
16,880,900
23,568,600
162,606,600
8,376,300
2,948,400
2,817,500
244,177,700
289,312
2,158,174
263,646
1,011,779
46,463
861,041
858,606
369,807
286,820
13,680
4,143,028
427,476
838,91
885.551
Values.
960.849,956
3,687.850
1,852.375
183.206
402,860
1,099,270
66,896,626
164,068,490
94,620.906
22,415
2.217.270
14,896,920
22,077,206
297,^12,906
9,917.606
6,202,010
2,286.660
2,867,720
1,813.400
1,188.446
1,962,926
666.875
11,734.179
14.606.796
6,697.246
2,786,9a
4,460,765
6,707,260
6,729,610
1.609.535
2,018,085
4,698,816
1,187,060
19,300.350
1,067,696
676,060
1,745.615
4.473,855
27,283,579
10,291.325
13,974,435
4^654,856
8,204,595
4,345,415
4.138,775
18,684.830
7.244.295
23.089.595
3.154,990
16.673,785
23,964.270
90,612,57$
10.466.376
2,032.580
124,961,570
4.887,330
8.611,0%)
4,974,8iO
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
417
Experts fiom Ihe United Kingdom in 1887— Continaed.
Artio^M,
. British and Jriah produce — Continued,
lietals— Oontinaed.
BraaB : cwtfl...
Lead tons...
*Tin, unwroosrlit o\Tt8 ..
Zino ..do
Mosioal instruments «
Oil and floor cloth .square yards...
Oilseed gallons...
Painters' colors .,
Paper, other than hangings cwta...
Pickles, Tinegar, and sauces
Pictures number...
Plate and plated ware ,
Provisions (not otherwise described) ^
Rags and materials for paper tons....
Salt do....
Silk (thrown, twist, *nd yarn) ,
QoantiUes.
ValiNS,
80,788
44,801
98,204
210,040
18,810,e00
18,774,600
765,990
Silk manufactures:
Broad piece goods ..yards.
Other kinds
Total.
Bkins and furs :
British
Foreign (British dressed) number..,
Soap M.>..^....cwts...
Spirits .^.gallons...
Stationenr, other than paper
Sugar, refined cwta...
Telegraphic wire
Umbrellas and uarasols
Wool, sheep and lambs* pounds...
"Woolen and worsted yarn do
Woolen and worsted manufactures
Other articles
Total.
.owls.
..do....
JFk>reign and eolonial produce.
Bacon and hams
Gaoutehonc ..«
Chemical manufactures and products
ttoooa M... pounds...
OoflTee : owls...
Corn : ^
Wheat « «.....« .T, .do
Wheat meal or flour do
Ootton,raw do
Cotton manufactures :
Piece-goods pieces...
Other articles ^..
Drnsa:
Peruvian bark cwts...
Opium M ......M.* pounds...
Unenumeratea
Dyeing and tanning stuA:
Cochineal, granllla, and dust cwts...
Cutch and gambler ..tons...
Indigo ■ ....cwts...
Madder, madder-root, garancine, and mu^Jeet do
Feathers, ornamental- pounds...
Fish, cured and salted cwts...
Flax and hemp :
Flax, dressed and undressed do......
Tow or codilla of flax and hmnp do......
Hemp and other like substanoes (except jute), dressed and un-
dressed cwls...
Jute » d..tona...
Fruit:
Currants ,...,. cwts...
Baisins .........i..do
Oranges and lemons .....m bushels...
Ooano ....tons...
Gkim of all sorts ^ ...^ .............cwts...
Hair, manufactures of, and of goats* wool
Hides, raw, dry, and wet .........cwts...
Leather pounds...
lietAla:
Copper, unwrought, part wrought, and old c«pper tons^.
Iron in bars ~ do...^.
10611 0
11,518
09.199
818,718
8,892,831
4,778.904
452,751
8,106,279
704,891
19,557,700
10,158,100
188.717
116,iy78
8,171,898
692,525
619,048
171,465
2,612,684
88^088,451
11,684,480
3,M5.aOO
2,680,820
788,516
879,865
8,806,780
7,888,280
6,788,420
6,664,860
6,968,635
1,801,865
1,648,990
4,964,815
2,291,835
2,624,800
2, 194, KG
6,882,0r6
4,806,21.0
11,638,815
18,212,815
2,486,255
2,261,220
6,206,145
4,158,080
2,825,065
4,086,925
8.003,040
4,683,910
19,848,080
108,974,810
58,608,220
1,107,070,980
181,879
858»137
8,114
9.631
56,065
8,468
292,600
808,256
44.187
88,664
406,574
106,865
72.453
83.580
482,122
12,829
184,297
488,481
18,892,814
15,437
85.044
1,784,280
6.707,920
1,420.960
1,896,935
18,358,120
1,192,505
409,140
28,681,445
8,062,885
464,615
2,408,180
1,204,040
1,923,700
258.5r>5
1.25r,2S5
5,ft>4.395
23.405
1,743,UU0
2,684.840
848,505
154,375
4,141.970
6,802,755
404,725
869.660
746,665
484,275
8,006,480
29,000
7,528,745
7,789,496
8,614,675
8.681,010
418
COMMERCIAL BELATIONfiL
Expofi$flnm the United Kmgd&m in 1887-<;(nitlnaed.
ArUolea.-
Qiuuitities.
Vail
J^arwtffH and «tUmial produee—OoiaUnn^d.
Metalk—Goiitlnuad.
Iron and stael mMiiiteoturM, unenumerated ^..owt9...
Tin In blocks, insota, ban, or slab* ^ do...
Zlno, orude In cakeii .: tons
Nutaaod kamelfl uied for obtaining oil « do...
Oil:
Palm. ....■■•■• •••••^•••••••••••. •«•••• >••••.. ...M •••••••.>•.•».••••..•....• ......cwts
Ooooanut „ do...,
Olive - ^ tons...
Qufoksilvor ^ pounds..
Rice ..«• ~ ^ cwls..
Saltpeter m. ^ do
Cubic niter - do.....
Seeds:
Flax or Unseed quarters..
Rape do
Unenumerated, used for obtaining oil ........ - ....do.....
Silk:
Raw.. pounds..
Thrown do.... .
Manufactures
Skins and furs:
Ooai, undressed number..
Seal « do.....
8pi
Furs of all sorts do.
Cinnamon ~ pounds...
Pepper ....do
Other sorts cwts...
Spirits:
Rum proof gallons...
Brandy do
Geneva and other foreign and colonial spirits do
Sugar:
Reflned and candy cwts...
Unrefined .....m.mm. do......
Molasses do
Tallow and stearine do
Tea ....pounds...
Teeth, elephant, seaHM>w, and sea-horse.. owts...
Tobacco:
Unmanufactured pounds...
Manufactured (cigars) do.
Other sorts, including snniT do
Wine M..9......M .* .....*• M........^a. gallons...
Wool:
Sheep, lamb, alpaca, and llama pounds...
Woolen manufaotures ^
All other articles .•
Total
Total British and Irish produce.
Grand total.
sss>s»»s#— e
I, (MB, 801
289,110
1,847
83^680
U7,129
81,718
8,782
4,888.078
2,742,M6
82,8S8
298,726
78,076
20,932
88,696
120,000
68,680
4,964,016
42,528
16.219,456
1,221,888
20,816,789
- 184,267
1,662,728
129,894
773,894
891,480
481,986
56,838
310,047
85,237.648
6.298
8.168,189
248,478
1,151.444
1,240,756
819,202,968
SS,008.*29Q
6,473,340
181,096
11,812,170
8,683,496
686,486
678,286
8,196,990
6,408,845
144,620
781,980
718,556
186,235
787,280
418, 7S0
207. r86
2,966^880
2,289,080
170^340
4,188.99
281.640
8,814,685
1,176,730
1^846,610
858.526
1,147,489
1, 689,185
105.860
1,756,865
8,421,779
1,617,810
954,940
740. 606
48^.650
2, 781, 0^0
69,117.446
2,848,705
48.825,040
296,744, gn»
1,107, 070, MO
1,408,815,800
lUPOBTS AND SZPOBTB BY 00UNTBIX8.
Value of total importe and exports of merehandiee from and to each foreign eounXiry and BritUh
pobseseion during the gear 1887.
Abyssinia
Arabia:
Muscat
Other states
Argentine Republic.
Austrian territories
Belgium
Bolivia
Borneo
Countries.
Foreign.
\
10,888.790
7,990.N6O
78,663,816
729,735
8Q0
BiasU I 26,896,365
Bxports.
109,860
10,090
81,870,6311
6,143,88s
6^ 702.910
455,645
6, Wo
80,439,30^
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
419
I
ImpwrU and exports bff eounMes, etc. — Continned.
GouDtriM,
Fortignr—Continu^A.
Bulffarla
CentnJ Amerio*.
Chili.
••*•«« ••■ ••••»• ••• •»« •■• ••••••••• «
China (exoluslTe of Hoog-Kong and Maoao).
Cochin China, C^mboja, and Tonquin
DMimark ^...
Danish West India Islands
Bsstern Aftiaa— native states.
Bcuador... ...... .m •
Algeria......
Fren<^ possessions ia Western Africa-
Bourbon (Reunion)
French possessions in India
French possessions in Nortibt America..
Frenoh West India Islands *
French Ouiana w...
Oennany ......
••• ••• ••••••••• ••• ••« ••««•• •••••« *•• ••• ■•• ••• I
>• ••■ ••• ••••«
• •••••• ••••«• •#•
Bayti andStb Domingo
Holland...............
Java
Other possessions in the Indian seas.
Datoh West India Islands.
Daloh Ouiana ,
Islands in the Paoiflo (except Fiji)
Italy.. ....... ............<i«......»
Japan.
&•••••«•••••••«•••• »••••«*«•
Mezioo ,
Montenegro
MoroecoT<BzolusiTe of ports in the possession of Spain).
Norway ~ ».... .......m.
Other native territories in the Indian seas
Persia....M.«...........~
Portngal
Azores ••...•...•MM.....*....*........... ••..•.......••.
Msideira
Portuguese possesslon^in Western Africa..
Portuguese possessions in Eastern Africa...
Portuguese possessions in India
Macao
Boumania......»..
Northemports
Soathem ports
Bervia
Slam
Spain
Canary Islands
Spanish ports in northern AfHca
Fernando Po
Phillppineand Ladrone Islands
Spanisn West India Islands
Sweden »
Tripoli......... ....«i.......
Tunis
Turkish dominions :
European Turkey
Asiatic Turkey......
Egypt -
United States of America :
Atlantic coast
Pacific coast
United Stotes of Colombia
Uruguay
Venesuela....^
Western coast of Africa (not particularly designated).
Whale flsheries
Imports.
9138, sn
6,706,880
11,001,765
88,835,216
43,820
26,968.790
123,300
277,850
1,095,310
185,610,940
2,879,775
106,080
11,185
2,040
122,817,680
9,442,000
283,220
126,636,385
11,820,266
1,500
196.885
178,135
521,885
15,368,520
2,449,500
234,180
2.870,116
1,968,650
18,923,660
111,720
517,100
8,200,880
14,183,865
326,500
273,940
787,935
205,660
193,245
17,002.520
48,416,940
31,454,606
169. 170
60,511.125
428,400
Total
BritUh Pos»e*8lon$.
Aden
Ascension. A „
Australasia :
West Australia .
South Australia.
29,800
4,398,290
1.044,570
86,611.680
1,185,200
464,580
4,339,235
14,»t5,700
38,445,885
389.812,940
25, 432, 430
1,390,010
1,441,635
587.905
4,755,625
181,965
1,392,140,496
1,689,630
880
1,475.265
14,046,680
Exports.
t516,180
6,077,020
10,701,380
83,419,660
78,780
U, 161, 910
613, 105
553,(70
1,963,390
102,478,650
1,496,960
455,480
79,350
7,870
94,180
1,064/85
96jb80
185,481.350
5.426,700
2,221,750
75,187.625
7,075,720
879.950
1,027,160
142,660
485,586
42,969.505
18,526,966
211,235
6,909.266
2,285,845
7,668,900
17,720
814,840
4,201,370
12,423,250
299,945
443,690
1,817,495
851,645
180,850
"6,*644;n0
29.291,216
6,090,475
889,885
20,245,935
1,126,635
28,950
60,460
8,468,560
10,905,710
15.640,925
48,990
891,996
16,723,015
14,180,870
15.463,145
196,060,905
6, 139, 645
6,105,790
9,010,706
8,956,585
8,861,035
80
993,637.520
778,860
11,590
1,875,230
8,871,536
n
420
COMHERCIAL BELATION&
ImporU tmd eapwU hjf cotmlntt, ete. — CODtiiiiiedL
OoontriM.
BrUi§h P»M«MiQii*— ConUniMd.
AoMralMf •—Continued.
Viotoria. ^
New South Wales ,
Queensland
"Aumania
New Zealand
FUi Islands
TotaL.
•••••>•«••••
Bennndas ,
British Guiana
British Honduras
British North Amerlea:
Dominion of Canada
Newfoundland and coast of .Labrador..
British West India Islands ^. ...
••»»••••••
Total..
Ceylon •
Channel Islands...
Fkklkland Islands
Gibraltar
Heligoland.....
Hong-Kong
••••e*«»*e««ee ••«•••••• •••••••••••••••••••«»*ae***«*« »«••*« '•■••••••
India:
Bombay and Soinde .^ ^m
Madras.. ....-
Bengal » «.
jDurzuan... .. a. ..M. ..•••.•.... ... .••«••.•..••••••«••••••••.•••••.*••••>.•>«•••••••• . .«•••.....>••«.
Total.
*wm •••••••• ••••••••••»••»«« «••
Labuan ^
Malta and Goso
Mauritius ■ ..^
St. Helena ^m.
South Africa:
Cape of Good Hope «.
NaUl
Straits Settlements
The Gold Coast
West Af^ioa Settlements— Gambia and Sierra Leone.
Total to British Possessions
Total foreign countries
Grand total.
Imports.
27,S6B,M6
85.888,500
7,447,a0O
1,488,975
28,686.8ao
119,085
115, 724, 280
87,295
5,476,2e»
1,168,475
51,884,900
1,488,685
8,671,900
•1,496,685
U, 280, 115
4,870,600
606,616
283,880
7,046,205
40,175,805
18,815^415
85^918,115
7.743,715
158,646,600
610
098, 8«5
825.410
8.640
90,918.765
4,610,760
28.908,520
8,791,850
1,QS7,680
418.998,825
1,898,144,490
1,811,137.
984.478,060
35,737,960
11,518,850
2,284.980
16,94Q.8»
111,505
111^X18,480
897.475
8.875.540
467,015
48.965.780
8,074,816
11,906^800
07,087,450
8,809,880
8*991,275
141,300
4,780,645
1,030
14,017,r
64.044.280
15,824,700
68,116,815
U. 612, 725
16a 008, 680
4.161,585
l,'««7.2a0
80^840
18,688,126
8,571.780
18,271.100
2,214.851
l,447.2n)
410.178^285
998.637,690
1,408,815,806
TBADS WITH THK UNinED STATBB.
The total value of goods imported .from the United States in 1887 was $416,245,370,
and exported thereto $201,200,760, the balance in&vorof the United States being $214,-
044,620. In 1885 this balance was $322,424,960; in 1886, $273,876,605. The jwtio ol
exchange was, in 1885, 4 to 1; in 1886, 3 to 1; and in 1887, a little moie than 2 to 1.
The imports from the United States into the United Kingdom for the year 1887 show an
increase of $7,244,385, or 1} per cent, and the exports thereto of $13,161,725, or 7 per
cent The principal articles imported from the United States are com, which shows an
increase in weight of about 3,000,000 cwts., in value $15,000,000; raw cotton, which
shows a decrease of 300,000 cwts., and $700,000 in value; baoon and hams, which show a
decrease in weight of 400,000 cwts., but an increase in value of $125,000; and tobacco,
which shows a decrease of 8,500,000 pounds in weight, and $1,250,000 in value.
The principal articles exported to the United States are cottons, which show an in-
crease in value of $1,000,000; linens, $1,000,000; metals, $10,000,000, «nd woolens,
$500,000.
Tk
EUROPE — UKITBD KINGBOU.
421
In^porU from ike UnUed Staiet,
ArtidM.
Aninuds, living:
Oxen and biills^ m MM.....«M*..........»M....niiniber...
Sheep and lambs. mm.....mm »» ^.......do
Swine « « ..do......
Horaea ^...«. do.
Bacon and bams ..„ ^ owta...
Beef:
Pxean ........m ...••mm*. •«.•»•...... do......
Salted « do
Batter : ..do
Butterine do
Caoutobouo «do ,
Cbeeae do
Clocks ^. do
Coffee. « .......do
Copper:
Ore .',...M tons...
Reflrulus » ....do
Unwrouffbt and part wrought do
Com:
Wheat cwts...
Barley do ...
Oats do....
Quantities.
Peai. do.
^ Maise ..do.
Wheat meal and flour ., do.
Oatmeal do.
Cotton :
Raw do.
Manufactures do.
Plab do.
Fruit:
fiaw, apples « bushels^..
Baw» uueuumerated do
Hides, rikW m owts...
Hops do...
Iron and steel manufactures ...............do...
Lard do...
Leather pounds
Manures:
Phosphate of lime and rock tons...
Unenumerated ., ^ ..do.....
Meat, unenumerated :
Salted or iresh ........owts..
Preserved otherwise than by salting do
Mutton, fresh /. do
Naphtha, wood, not potable gallons..
Oils:
.Sperm tons...
Train or blubber do
Animal , owts...
Turpentine do
Chemical, essential, or perfumed .pounds...
Oil-seedcake ..Jk tons.....
Peiroleum gallons...
Pork, salted cwts
Itesin .....do....
Seedl. clover and grass do
Silver ore
Skins and furs
Sugar:
BcAned ^ ........owts...
Unrefined „...do
Molasses do
Tallow and stearine ......do
Tar barrels...
Tobaooo:
Unmanufactured pounds...
Manuraotiured do
Wax
.owts.
Wood and timber :
Hewn loads...
Sawn or split « do
Staves » «. .........do
Furniture and bard woods „...........»tons...
House-ft'ames, fittings, and Joiners* work
Wool, sheep or lambs* pounds...
All other ariioles ..^
Totol
M,M2
1,027
141
8,028,801
648,820
202,789
62,8ia
126
7,448
760,920
49,727
212
24,247
2,048
80,680,263
869,169
17,195
714,729
11,201,831
14,860,416
106,806
11,222,272
296,891
997,418
8,264
20.148
86,848
77,988
888,266
84,297,8U
106,276
2,451
228,828
2,289
28,786
001
2,401
115,844
848,086
84,766
202,355
68,20U,028
191, 700
1,076,748
00,049
775,853
18,507
280^028
829,609
9,068
02,180,054
1,992,969
4,818
88,487
206,184
19.681
82,538
624,629
ValiMSL
89,246,686
10,200
88,980
81,696,190
7,267,280
1,542,850
1,069,935
1.585
166,685
9,255,020
466.536
1,085,280
16,180
8,166,810
427.835
69,957,890
767,775
24.620
1,089,165
18.982,380
40,243.080
273,230
142.072.966
2,262,185
2.082,490
1« 435, 540
8,645
263,080
556.480
1,002,680
7,806,665
8,194,010
1.070,645
2,180
26,610
2,668,296
18,000
27,120
186,810
270,170
1.040.845
2,803,180
165,465
6,049,575
9,474.780
1,878,490
1,225,466
664,710
476,200
8,017,410
8,112,045
60,900
884,640
1, 885,985
28,685
8,970.080
8,026.220
164,260
1,207,866
2,772,290
572,166
1,170,696
548,265
90.540
18,868,985
415,246,870
422
COMMEBCIAIi BELATI0N8.
Companion of imporUflrom the United Siatea in 1887.
AiilelMi
AniiDAls, livlnff :
Oxen and bulls.
.number.
Bu0op anci iaiiiiis»»»»«««»— »—»».»«»»»«»«« «i» »«««««..»«. »cio«»«««
Swine.... M.... do
HorsM do
Baoon and hama. owts..
Beef:
F]nesli.M..«..M......>....*....« ...*.••.. ..M....... .......do
Baited do
Butter ». do
Bntterine. do.....
Oaoutohouc do
vneeee .•.•....<
Clocks
•■«■•••••••••«•••••••■••••••• •••»«•••••••■•• «•••••••
.do
Coffee. owts.
Copper:
Ora. •. :..tons.
Regulus do....
Wrought or part wrousbt... .do....
Com:
Wheat cwts.
Barley. do....
Oatfl « do....
Peas do...
Maize „ do....
Wheat-meal and flour .do....
Oatmeal do....
Cotton:
Raw
Manu&otures
Fish...v cwts.
Fruit:
Raw, apples bushels.
Raw, unenumerated do....
Hides, raw owts.
Hops do....
Iron and steel manufactures do....
Lard do....
T^ather ^ pounds...
Manures:
Phosphate of lime and rock tons...
Unenumerated. , do....
Meat, unenumerated :
Salted or fresh .oi^s...
Preserved, otherwise than by salting do
Mutton, ftresh. do
Naphtha, wood, not potable gallons .
Oils:
Sperm. tons-
Train or blubber do
Animal cwts..
Turpentine do
Chemical, essential or perfumed. pounds...
Oil-seedcake tons...
Petroleum gallons-
Pork, salted cwts
Resin ., do ..
Seeds, clover and grass do....
Silver ore „..,.,
Skins and ftirs
Sugar:
Refined cwts.
Unrefined do ...
Molasses „ do....
Tallow and stearine « do......
Tar barrels...
Tobacco:
Unmanufactured pounds...
Manufactured do
Wax cwts...
Wood and timber :
Hewn loads...
Sawn or split do.. ..
Staves do
Furniture and hard woods tons...
House frames and joiners' work
Wool, sheep or lambs' ., pounds...
All other articles
Inorease or decrease as eompared with 1888.
Quantities.
17,794
10,002
221
17,674
8,142
9,881,882
8111^806
122,885
■■•ft«v*»«*»*ee*«**
17,741
2,415
24,848
28.541
7,065.788
26,652
1,576
28,786
866
1,838
21,496
61,604
48,991
165,406
28,966
10.114
4,924
90
406,786
118,906
495
I • • ••«••• «••#«•«••
1,828
TO*
899,429
5V4^,641
*"*i07V759
818,286
*47,T88
649,680
5,899
Vaiuea,
bK
» •«•••••#•••••••«•
1124,586
13,110
206,770
27, ISO
67, &«
96,445
544,070
1,168.865
12.863,239
649,490
154,415
9*aB6^'269
1,194,066
213
64,822
4,000
83,748
21.207
78,992
Total.
8
8,083
8,299
'78,613
647.470
2,606
145.727
12,006
8,328,618
94,026
1,756
30,142
513
214,986
14,865
816,980
666,820
1,006,626
'48,896
760
18,876
27,120
77.630
163,270
246,815
384,599
44,060
269,435
»■••« «•••••••••••
2,860
•
28,725
272,140
U7,660
7,244,885
11,107,630
48,310
......... ....M...
26,945
»••« ••«■««••
1,671,785
••••••••••••••••««
6,SS5
>m»0»9 •••»»• •■■»•■
»•••«••«••«••
116,100
609.210
6,596,735
307,590
704,025
661,220
918.785
18,479
»••«•«••••««••••••
» •••»•• • • e^«— ^
668,060
69,490
1,523,290
494.585
104,020
212,670
iM«,'8i'6
150,470
3,197,000
11,810
204.285
282, 7€5
1,127,920
286,125
214,715
384,580
42,985
iis.'TTO
22,500
£UUOP£ — UNITED KINGDOM.
423
Maeporta to the United States, 1887.
'Articles.
.owts.
■»•■■♦»— 1
.BHMtft prodtiete.
Alkali -, «
AnimaJfl:
HorsM „ .^.....~ M ^... number...
Unenumerated
Apparel and haberdashery
Arms, ammunition, and military stores
BsflpB and sacks (empty) .« doasen...
Beer and ale barrels...
Bleaohing^ materials cwts...
Books, printed do...
CaouUmouo, manufactures of
Gement
Quantities.
..tons.
Chemical products and preparations (including dye-stuflb)
day and manufactures of ....„
Olocks, watches, and parts thereof
Ckial, cinders, and fuel tons...
Coal, products of, eta (including naptha, parafDne, parafflne oil, and petro-
leum)
Cordage and twine...... ....M.............................cwts...
Cotton yam ...pounds...
Cottons entered:
By the yard yards...
At value
Earthen and china ware
FIaz and hemp, dressed and undressed ...»....cwts...
Furniture, cabinet and upholstery wares >
Glass manufactures
Hard ware and cutlery
Hats of all sorts dozen...
Hides, raw cwts...
Implements and tools
Instruments and apparatus, surgical, anatomical, and scientific
Jute:
Yam pounds...
Manufactures, piece goods.. , yards...
Leather, wrought and unwrought
Linen yam... ^ pounds...
Linens entered :
By the yard , yards...
At value
Machinery and mill work »
Manure
Medicines, drugs, and medicinal preparations..
Metals:
Iron, wrought and unwrought tons...
Copper, wrought and unwrought .cwts...
Tin, unwrought. do...
Unenumerated and manufactures thereof.
Oil and floorcloth square yards...
Painters* colors and materiida
Paper of all sorts owts...
Pickles, vinegar, sauces, etc
Prints, engravings, drawings, etc
Provisions (including meat)
Bags and other materials for paper making tons...
Salt do...
Seeds of all sorts
Silk:
Thrown, twist, or jram
Manufactures
Skins and furs of all sorts...,
.cwts...
soap cwts...
Stationery, other than paper ..
Stones and slates
Sugar, refined and candy «. cwts...
TelMnraph wires and apparatus
Wool, sheep and lambs' pounds...
Woolen and worsted yam do
Woolens entered :
By the yard yards...
At value
Yam, alpaoa. mohair, and other sorts „ pounds...
All other articles
Total British products
JFbre^ and colonial prodtieiM,
Animals, horses «». number-
Bacon and ham8.......M...... cwts..
Bristles „ « pounds..
Cboutohono «. «. cwts..
8,280,700
1,745
297,478
42,591
992,000
40,771
201,215
206.156
4,262
807,000
44,028,600
SiVsTS
26,222
67,062
12,567,309
127,198,200l
1,686,200
81,910,900
1,286,110
7,524
6,288
1,026,900
iil37
64,969
172,951
16,049
9,696
809
10.854,800
1,196,800
46,866,800
248,900
842
271
166,775
44,824
Values.
$4,648,885
388,770
104,025
1,677,845
400,125
201,785
900,175
1,841,960
1,674,285
286.610
1,964,565
1,996,060
816,865
214,216
644,965
81,826
56,436
841,810
5,276,006
6,779,820
4,826,970
797,066
268,105
1,292,120
1,891,606
180,966
644,490
103,750
168,860
509,406
4,755,510
1,048,096
236,096
10,292,766
8,182,326
1^878,900
266.186
208,866
88,161,046
92,980
151,645
566,176
894,550
578,625
299,585
1,052,190
283,845
499.880
2,181,060
804,860
122,765
449, 176
4,622,660
8,684,985
218,940
877,756
208,590
2,786
16.170
2,225,040
668,780
19,541.580
1,597,920
157,216
6,964,780
147,780,000
66,580
8,790
140,835
2.335,816
424
CCMMERCIAL EELATI0N8.
ErportB to Me United Staiet, 1887--CJontiiia«dL
Aitlolfla.
r^orHgn and colonial j>rodtMto--Ck>ntlnned.
Chemical mAnufactare and produoU, nnenumerated
China and earthen ware »...
Cocoa........
owto.
^oantttiea. Yali
V ••• •«•«• ■ ••«
.pounds...
cwta.
Coffee
Cordage, twine, and oable-yarn
Cotton, raw ^-. ewta...
Cotton manu^koturee
Drun:
Bark, Peruvian ^ ...owta
Opium ;..« .......M ponndfl...
UneaumenUed
Dyeing or tanning stuffi
Ooohineal
Cutoh and gambler.. ..............tona...
Tndigo ^ ....owta
Unenuraerated do....
Fiariuaceoussubitanoee ^ ^ m«.mm
Feathers :
Ornamental... pounds...
Pish, cured or salted owts
Flax, dressed, undressed, and tow or oodUla of flax do...
Fruit:
Almonds ^ do...,
Currants do...
Figs and flgeake .do>.
Nuts used as fruit ».^
Oranges and lemons ~ bushels
Raisins cwts...
Raw. unenumerated bushels
Dried, unenumerated.. cwts...
Glass M^ do
Ouano „ tons...
Gum:
tAo, seed, shell, stick, and dye owts...
Other sorts do
Hair:
Goats* hair or wool pounds...
Other sorts .-.
Hemp, dressed and undressed, and tow or codilla of hemp .....owts...
Hides, raw do
Hops do
Ivory do
Jute .». tons...
Leather pounds...
Linen manufactures '. ;
Metals:
Iron bars, etc tons ..
Steel, unwrought ....^ do
Iron and steel manufitotures, unenumerated cwts...
Ijcad do
Tin do
Precious stones, unset w
guicksilver pounds...
ags and other material for paper-making ions...
Rags, woolen, to be used as wool do
Rice « ^ cwts...
Seeds:
Flax and linseed quarters...
tXnenumerated, for expressing oil therefrom. do
tXnenumerated, not for oil cwts...
Silk manufactures
Skins :
Goat, undressed number...
Sheep do
Furs of all sorts, other .'. do
Spices
Spirits, unsweetened proof gallons...
Sponge pounds...
Sugar, unrefined ., cwts...
Tea ....pounds...
Toys
Wine gallons...
Wood, Aimiture, veneer and hard woods tons...
Wool, sheep and lambs* pounds...
Woolen manufactures
All other articles
Total foreign and colonial products.
Total British products
Grand total.
764.789
16,371
82,608
88,494
U6,6I6
8,018
8,116
16,466
86,806
• •«•« ••••■V«BS •••»■•
1,746
101,168
97,888
60,067
7,684
8,326
11,284
178,798
U,471
163,245
99,906
14,763
1,786
24.169
25,764
1,582,878
179,627
135,409
8,938
1.487
1,253
4,126,099
84,065
7,083
208.819
1.068
164,420
786,590
85,557
855
184,481
18^960
5.091
44,406
4,124,166
688,668
6,824,906
91,610
59,113
27,606
8.116,883
26.916
1,746
66,056,127
178.805
188,980
96,180
58^540
877,490
888,940
707,620
61,1
806.740
1,747.196
811,870
148,535
67,«6
798,706
661,870
867,310
147. (
45.770
82.575
172,580
278,725
77.635
402.660
176.385
77,870
849,756
615,770
256,870
965,030
1,498.855
1.980.090
110,540
414,425
78,510
1,909,805
124,820
1,660.515
2M.535
587.250
66,265
4.548,785
1,136.985
357,185
1.694. 890
16,970
298.190
178,575
45.806
158,675
118,710
1,780.725
189,855
554.120
1,806,255
107,885
115,320
87. SCO
717,090
884,885
102,985
103.000
10,828,705
^ 615,930
4,791.765
58,461.750
147,789.000
201.200,750
nk
EUROPE — tJRlTED KINGDOM.
425
Cbmparaiive statement of exports to the Vmled Stales^ 1886-'87.
ATti0l<
• m • •^^••••••••••UUUlDvA •«•
BrUUh produeU.
AlkaU ^ ^
Animals:
Horaefl
Unenumemted
Apparel and haberdasheiy ;...
Arms, ammanitiofi, and military stores
Bags and saoks, empty m.... dosen...
Beer and ale * barrels...
Bleaofaing: materials ewte...
Boolts, printed do .....
Oaoutohouc, manufoctares of
Cement. tons..,
Chemical prodaots and preparations (incladingdye-
stafft
Clay and mannfactures ol
Clocks, watches, and parts Uiereof.
Coal, cinder, and fuel. tons..
Coal, products of, etc., including naphtiba, parafflne,
parafflneoil, and petroleum
Cordage and twine ..owls..
Cotton yam ^ ........pounds..
Cottonsentered :
By the yard yards..
At value. „
Barthenand ehlna ware
Flax and hemp, dressed and undressed owts...
Furniture, cabinet and upholstery wares.
Glass manufactures
Hardware and cutlery .*.
Hats of all sorts dozen...
Hides, raw cwts.
Implements and tools
Instruments and apparatus, surgical, anatomical,
and scientific
Jute:
Yam pounds...
Manufftotures, piece goods yards...
Leather, wrought and unwrought
Linen yam- .'...pounds...
Linen entered:
By the yard yards...
At value
Machinery and mill work
Manure ,
Increase or decrease as compared with 188S.
Quantities.
Increase.
572
17,026
4,226
47,400
4,654
103,800
4,816
Medicines, drugs, and medicinal preparations
Metals:
Iron, wrought and unwrought tons..
Oepper, wrought and unwrought cwts..
Tin, unwrought .: do
Unennmerated and manuflictures thereof
Oil and floorcloths square yards..
Fiainters' culors and materials
Paper of all sorts cwts..
Pickles, vinegar, sauces, etc
Prints, engravings, drawings, etc
Provisions (including meat)
Bags and other materials for paper-making...tons..
Salt do
Seeds of all sorts cwts..
flilk:
Thrown, twister yarn
Manufactures
aklns and furs of all aorte
Soap cwts..
Stationery other than paper
Stones and slates
Sugar, refined, and candy.... cwts..
Telegraph wires and apparatus..
Wool, sheep and lambs' pounds..
Woolep and worsted yam do
Woolens entered :
By the yard '..yards..
At Vftlue.*.^.. ...it »•.... M VM
10,749
5,041
7,783,500
166,000
68,460
5,933
22,700
1,223,150
4,191,600
856,600
1,205,600
477,258
164,400
8,264
675
14
4,826
868
2,587
41,883
2,110
1,572,000
1,802,800
6,628,600
Valuea.
9166,406
88,465
64.090
816,810
204,875
010,985
"78,510
2,010
''46,'66o
1,006,605
435,360
110,360
10,315
207,475
273,820
71.480
130,025
22,200
24,725
226,823
184,166
11,120
464.915
879.240
803,596
69,455
9.248,145
is'tso
40,606
22,670
165,475
16,320
864,085
t885,280
21,290
9,890
117,500
51,640
7,880
65,100
106,645
68,510
468,680
72.090
••«■•••••• «••••
134,280
42,025
"(jS.'odo
83,115
4/7,066
580,470
577,585
52,290
56,925
86,700
88,696
268,060
23,630
80,896
82,090
265
22,650
40,670
694,895
426
COMMERCIAL RlSLATtOKd.
Oompaniite itaiement of fxporU to the United 8$aie», 188S-'8r7— Oontiiined.
BritUh product*— Coniinutd.
Tarn
Al
All other articles
paoa. mohair, and other aorta pounds.
lothf
Ty>UL.
tbrttgn and colonial produeU,
▲nimals, horses number...
Baoonand hams ^ owls...
Bristles ^....pounds...
Oaoutchouo owts...
Ohemicals, manufactures, and prod note, unenu*
uerated ...
Ohinaand earthen ware ^ owts...
Coooa ^ pounds...
Coffee ^ cwto...
Oordage, twine, and cable yarn
Cotton, raw cwta..
Cotton manufsctures
Druss:
Bark, Peruvian «... cwta...
Opium pounds...
XJnenumerated
Dyeins: or tanning: stuffs :
Cochineal cwts...
Cutch tfnd gambler tons...
Indigo owts...
tJnenumerated do
Farinaceous substances ^
Feathers :
Bed ^ ...^ cwts...
Ornamental pounds...
Fish, cured or salted ..cwta...
Flax, dressed, undressed, and tow or codilla of flax,
cwto
Fruit:
Almonds.....^. .....^........„ cwto...
Curranta ^« » do
Pigand flgcake ^ do
Muta,uBea as ftruit
Oranges and lemons ^ bushels...
Basins « cwto...
Raw, unenumerated bushels...
Dried, unenumerated ^ cwto...
Glass « do
Guano ^„ » tons...
Gum:
Lac, seed, shell, slick, and dye. cwto...
Other sorto „ do
Hair:
Ooato* hair and wool ^ ....pounds...
Other sorto ^
Hemp, dressed and undressed, and tow or codilla of
hemp M. cwto...
Hides, raw do
Hops.
do
Ivory do
Juto tons...
Leather. pounds...
Linen manufactures ...., „
Metals:
Iron bars, etc tons...
Steel, unwrought do
Iron and steel manufiictures unenumerated,
cwts
Lead ....« do
Tin do
Precious stones, unset «
Quicksilver ., pounds...
Rags and other material for paper making tons...
Rags, woolen, used as wool do ,
Rice ^ cwto..
Seeds:
Flax or linseed .1 quarters..,
In
or decreaae as compared with IBM.
Quantities.
In
210
••••••••«••••••••»
1,«M
680,680
2,119
5,391
18,826
1,787
4.465
10,518
24,808
60.729
1«,980
2,282
28,248
6,434
1^120
761
62,044
116
'465,669
4,666
64
26,638
1,566
92
9,096
18,929
817,000
• « • •••••• t
1,628
7,048
6,042
««•••« •••••• •••■••
2,888
1.
1^246
18,826
161,
12.469
63,884
4,697
691,682
82,145
86,168
604
2.124
26,804
136,887
YalnesL
In
820.880
18,614,620
$46,765
"'4.745
880,606
5,150
99,080
96,510
1,966
83,710
83,865
83,106
184,190
214.085
783,806
109,745
24,680
•••••sees*
66.610
67.980
72,846
»••••••••■•••••••
76,976
59,066
65,070
610.420
46,666
447,610
62,110
260,420
2,245
6,625
172.676
148.680
■ ■•»•••*••• m
•S,990
701,086
54, 7»
■••••••«•••••«•
56,830
50.790
42,140
•*••••»•••
■ •••«•«•••••••••
86,896
14,990
200,090
90,390
225,485
23.^80
46,006
411,885
86,160
1,144,970
602,300
26,000
•••••••■■••a
• •••••••••**■••
29.880
18.490
138,876
96,470
87L.880
34,805
88,570
k
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
427
Om^paraiive ttatemetU of exports to the United States^ 1886-'87— Continaed.
AitUlw.
Fktrwiffn and toUmial produeU— Continued.
8eed8-<k>iitinued.
Unenumerated, for expteeaing oil therefrom,
quarters :......
Unenumerated, not for oil owia...
Silk manufactures
Skins :
Ooat, ondresoed ^ number...
Sheep M do
Furs of all other sorts ....^ do
Spioes.: » pounds...
Spirits, unsweetened proof gallons ..
Sponge pounds...
Sugar, unrefined owts...
Tea. «.... pounds...
Toys ^ ,.»„
Wine gallons...
Wood, furniture, veneer, and hard woods.. tons...
Wool, sheep or lambs' pounds...
Woolen manufactures .....m
Ail other articles ^
Incrcisse or deorease as compared with 188ft.
QoantiUeB.
Total
Total increase of British and foreign produce.
14,881
28,280
••••• • • • ••»•••
•••••••• ■••••••«•
886
14,085
75,670
288,427
81,688
80,158
21,918
214,716
869,468
6,605
7.080,871
Values.
Increase.
180,880
182,835
210,555
■••••••• •■«•«•••«•
218,630
10,835
854,545
1,047,805
8145,840
'*'8i,''686
9,585
103,865
74,000
15,278
700,885
320,770
14,48S
T085,iw
••••••••••■••••••a
13,161,725
462,895
Trade between the United States and Great Britain and Ireland for ten years ending 1887.
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885 V
1886.
1887 ^ ^
Exports to the United States.
Produce and
manufactures
of Great
Britain and
Ireland
$72,760,880
101,609,960
154,279,356
148,981.490
154,850,735
186,864,840
122,133,180
109,969,105
184,124,380
147,789,000
Foreign
and colonial
, produce.
814,899,140
25,988,995
85,491,605
84,983,045
38,6tf2,480
46.797,090
41,659,485
46,508,840
53.914.645
53,461,760
TotaL
887,650,520
127,598,945
189,770,960
183,915,285
198,543,215
183,662,530
163,692,665
155,472,945
188,089,025
201,200,750
Imports from
the United
States.
8445,780,850
459.091,475
535,406,300
516,039,145
441,763,065
496,194,800
431,892,705
432,394,065
408,000,985
415,245,370
Value of declared exports from the United Kingdom to the Uniied States for the gear ending
September 30, 1888, together with value for preceding gear.
District
Belfast
Birmingham
Bradford „
Bristol
Cork
Dublin
Dundee
Dunfermline
FVil mouth M«..
Hull-
Staple (if any).
Linens and cottons
Hardware
Stuff goods M....
Woolens ....,
Tin-plates ,
Feathers
Beer
Burlaps and linens.,
Linens
China day
I ron and cotton
goods •
Colors ...«
1887.
88,789,
8,470,
16.554,
533,
8,758.
139,
1,130,
7,220.
1,790,
46,
274.12
593.85
821.28
273.00
435.38
396.30
616. 11
197.56
990.94
108.18
7,863,682.55
281,673.44
1888.
19,829.
8,512,
19,123.
803.
5,400.
127,
1,262,
8, 170,
2.096.
77,
165.47
690.00
858.29
661.00
611.49
334.44
009.09
227.22
263.11
471.67
9,320,713.01
410,568.37
Deorease.
812,061.86
••••••«•■■ •••• ••••
Increase.
81,037,891.35
41.996.20
2,568.537.01
270,388.00
1,642,176.11
131,892.98
960,029.66
806,272.17
81,868.54
1,457,030.46
138,894.98
428
COMMEBCIAL RELATIONS.
Value ttf declared exports from (he United Kingdom to (he United iSVo^es— Continaed.
District.
Leeds..
Lelth
Liverpool..
London..
Mancheeter..
NewoaslleHin-
Tyne
Nottingham. «
Plymouth
Sheffield
Southampton ......
Tunstall
M OUUas******
«••«•«••
Staple (if any).
Woolen and worst-
eds
Books
Tin-plates and ohem-
ioals.
Cottons
Steel and chemicals..
Hosiery and laoe.
China clay
Cutlery -....,...
Cement
'Earthenware
•••••*••• ■•••••••••• eaeaaa * ••• «••••
18S7.
$5,854,848.67
806,151.75
82,801,068.76
55,900.188.80
10,781.706.59
8,451,490.86
6,862,050.70
ia3, 182. 40
4,120,579.95
7,371.55
8,445,178.61
174,741,320.80
1888.
$\92i,449.:rr
1,144,151.66
8^,186.418.55
50,889,914.82
11,973,448.91
8,006,498.87
5,660,807.50
221.143.11
8,321,486.44
14,731.96
8,821,073.25
180,344,192.85
$5,010,268.98
445,996.90
201,243.20
798.999.51
Inor
•87,100.90
838.909.91
2.335,849.70
'"a3,"743Lai
88,010.71
7.860.41
875,894.64
6,468.564.54 12,071,487.09
SUMMARY.
Total for year endinfc September 80, 1888 $180,344,198.85
Total for year ending September 30, 1887 174,741,820.30
Net total increase „ 5,602,872.55
Decrease In 18 consulates .' 12,071,437.09
Decrease in B consulates 6,466.664.54
Net total increase 6,408,872.55
Value of declared exports at the various c nmhir districfa of the United States in the Untied
Kingdom for the four quarters of (he year ending September 30, 1888, and compared wih
the corresponding quarter of the previous year.
[See foregoing tabular statement.]
District
Quarter ending-
Total for Che
Dec. 81, 1887.
March 31,1888.
June 30, 18R8.
Sept 30, 1888.
year.
Belfast
$2,417,630.98
932,290.31
4,092,141.54
898,740.00
789,797.64
40,574.92
896,162.91
1.865,789.98
517,202.72
15.509.83
2,623,086.63
91,658.97
1,529,060.03
310,772.51
9, 18, 934. 86
11,490,657.61
2,729,500.01
914,026.59
1,831,129.94
63.545.77
1,067,441.10
592.83
010,611.04
$2,849,372.29
831,980.57
4,592,006.10
154,421.00
703,154.41
21,517.59
244,032.65
2,190,563.01
613,750.41
9,226.48
2,511,203.57
189, 142. 12
1,522,947.28
294,353.47
8,227,898.93
14,508,428.59
2,921,538.66
767, 433. 19
1,602,455.85
45,619.49
762.579.56
8,154.51
988.658.87
$1,869,056.78
805.706.0)
4,945,986.88
97,731.00
789.169.73
38,126.60
321,444.91
1,990,314.40
866,580.78
4,788.21
1,957.906.92
66,186.46
1,887,027.93
238,319.87
8,279,894.25
18.846,191.77
2,534,188.85
772,785.11
1,138,943.95
41,390.59
752,819.10
4.099.14
,,987,543.15
$2,691,106.47
942,613.12
5,493,213.77
152,769.00
3,118,489.71
32,115.33
800,368.62
2.123,5R9.88
508,729.25
47,997.18
2,228,455.89
63,680.82
1,482,415.38
280.706.81
9.519,690.51
11,044,636.85
2,890,221.37
551.248.96
1,489,277.76
70,587.26
748,746.50
1,885.48
1,084.260.60
$9,827,168.47
3,512,590.05
19.123,358.20
803.661.00
5,400,611.49
127,334.44
1,262,009.09
8,170,227.22
2.006,263.11
77,471.67
0,820,713.01
410,568.37
6,021,410.97
1,144,151.66
85,186.418.55
80,889,014.82
11,075,448.91
8,006.493.87
8,600,807.60
821. 143. 11
Birmingham........
Bradford
Bristol .MM.....
Cardiff.
Cork
Dublin
Dunfermline
Falmouth
Glasgow
Hull
Leith
Liiveroool
London
Alanchester ...............
Newcastle
Nottinfirham.. •■■... .......
Plymouth....
Sheffield
^821,58&44
14,731.96
3,821,073.26
Southampton
Tanstall
Total
43,626,858.67
40.577,908.28
46,600,497.12
48,988,816.76
43,201,161.47
41,023,160.67
46,015,675.80
40,151,434.60
180,844,193.85
Total for preceding
year
lucres se
8,048,060.39
2,611,680.86
2,178.000.80
7,838,631.55
2.235,750.00
Decrease
2,235,798.00
Net increase for year
ending September
30. 1888
5,002,872.55
«
1l
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
429
Value of dedared exports firotn the various consular dUftricts of the United Kingdom of Oreai
Britain and Ireland to the United States from October 1, 1878, to September 30, 1888.
Year end-
ing Sep-
tember 90—
1880
1882..
URM «••••• •••••■»•
1885
18H6
1887
1888
Beliiut.
Total 83,800,092.84
Birmtng^
ham.
f7, 828, 166. 19^12, 43S, 271. 89
9,415,832.81 4,920,483.58
.7,856,100.^ 4,876.611.92
9,412,627.07 5,178,118.16
8,136,805.43 4,719,827.19
6.842,100.78 3,977,812.16
7,800,096.65 2,875.S8S.26
8,391,933.19 3,218,881.93
8,789,274.12 3,470.593.85
9. 827, 165. 47 ?, 512, 590. 05
38,685,528.99
Bradford.
•5,955,
10,731,
7,091,
8,385,
9,463,
13,601,
11.565,
18,81^,
16,554,
19, 123,
287,85
646.49
394.18
638.20
444.93
042.51
989.95
924.26
821.28
358.29
120,792,547.94
Bristol.
9164,052.24
167,177.01
137.978.33
166,304.00
174,567.88
202,126l51
399,655.00
463,995.00
533,273.00
803,661.00
3,203,289.42
Oardiir.
1607,
1,824,
2,148,
2,868,
1,672,
4,873,
8.785,
2,378,
3.758,
5,400,
831.57
812.07
560.56
766.84
881! 14
767.29
602.66
539.83
435.38
6U.49
Oork.
988,016^01
808,024.98
179,255.02
124,517.28
86,395.62
71,631.23
66,254.28
256,836.22
U9,396.30
127,834.44
28,819,258.8211,441,661.23
-^l
Dablin.
9700,218.46
1,029,416.77
1,172,754.17
976,981.35
908,478.07
937,414.91
781,782.04
1,032,404.67
1,180.616.11
1,262,009.09
9,929,074.84
Year ending Sep-
tember 80—
1879-
1880
l&JI
1882
188:5
1884
1886- «
1887-
1888
Total..
Dundee.
95,112,
8,224,
7,381,
7,892,
7,917,
7,666,
6,335,
6,858,
7,220,
8, 170,
470.82
285.20
189.83
926.82
3a8.37
359.66
495.71
674.86
197.56
227.22
72.779,085.55
Dunferm-
line.
91,443.
2,160,
1,889,
2.404.
2,139,
1,846,
1,598,
1,659,
1,790.
2.096.
045.32
227.76
286.45
535.63
489.62
596.28
759.89
097.14
990.94
263.11
19,028,292.14
Falmouth.
967,253.47
132,469.40
76,517.79
108,013.53
53,684.43
104,732.18
96,655.54
59,043.13
46,108.13
77,471.67
823,944.24
Glasgow.
95,298,
9,219,
9,723,
10,219,
9,662.
7,381,
5,285,
6.549,
7,863,
9,820,
845.00
927.88
231.70
715.60
722.89
874.93
819.35
465.96
682.55
713.01
80,524,988.87
Olouoesler.
9196,880.88
266,572.62
148,991.74
198,171.62
212,376.86
154,930.79
140,753.74
1,802,070.16
HulL
9131,683.00
547,247.23
272,853.48
884,164.81
871,824.57
469,468.67
433,112.51
249,066.87
281,673.44
410,568.87
8,540,663.04
Year ending Sep-
tember 30 —
1879.. «
1881-
1882
1884
1885
1886
18W
1888
•
Total
Leeds.
91,556,
3, 615,
2,839.
4,776.
4,508,
6,377,
3. oo4,
5, 179,
5,854.
5.921,
965.96
338.09
801.07
336.87
734.53
193.16
045.99
506.35
848.67
449.57
Leith.
9368.939.12
548.321.12
587,578.90
735,938.67
906.710.92
993,368.76
895.903.50
843,961.62
806,151.75
:i, 144, 151. 66
43,518,720.26
7,830,026.02
Liverpool.
923,062,
42,689,
29.119,
34.781.
82.594.
28.728,
26,677,
33,532,
82,801.
85.136,
247.11
666.16
805.65
520.69
517.92
569.10
507.59
938.68
068.76
418.55
319,024,160.11
London.
924.420,872.06
62,681,120.18
50,549,978.44
54.240.162.97
48,015.188.59
46.008,604.86
37,323.647.79
51,632,923.19
66,900,183.80
60,889,914.82
481,667.881.69 186,686.78
London-
derry.
92.188.92
2,610.08
1,562.96
169.918.81
2,816.81
2,016.97
1.401.85
4,235.91
IB
Manchester.
98,814.
16,236.
12, 148,
14,383,
14.664.
18.479.
10,583.
11.281.
10,781,
11.076.
443.92
881.28
327.29
407.28
425.85
474.91
060.34
678.09
706.69
448.91
122,848,248.46
Year ending Sep-
tember 80—
A04V •••••«•«•«•• •••>••••«
18«
1882
1883
1885
1887
1888
Total
Newcastle-
on-Tyne.
91,018.
2,3«,
2,63.'5,
2.994.
2,459,
2,202,
1,786,
1.940,
3,451,
3,005,
806.44
551.69
311.35
665.69
253. 2{
483.25
211.85
896.69
490.86
493.87
23.822,664.92
Notting-
ham.
9<.421.
7,137,
8,467,
9,774,
8.381,
6.530,
6.288,
6.731.
6.862.
5,660.
233.42
796.16
304.18
548.65
669.89
813.48
572.34
355.84
050.70
807.50
67,262,062.16
Plymouth.
910,611.84
38,154.94
59.130.95
89.U7.46
152,014.43
245,087.16
90,727.70
97,866.35
133,132.40
221,143.11
1,186.986.83
Sheffield.
92,728,
6,189.
6.955.
6,217,
8,947.
8.0e)9,
2,186.
2.546,
4,120,
8,321,
943.18
602.84
769.89
748.54
766.91
771.88
746.21
092.71
5T9.95
686.44
39,279.697.65
South-
ampton.
964.189.22
34.532.49
43,938.87
90,866.87
99.396.63
148,668.88
5.974.05
0,437.48
7,371.65
14,731.96
516,497.00
Tunslall.
92,687,
3,703,
8,815,
8,419.
4,075.
2,850.
2.809,
8,136.
8,821,
476.78
844.73
760.65
8ai.88
490.89
661.88
865.56
018.96
178.61
078.26
83,766.096:08
* Hitherto an agency of the Bristol consulate. f Now an agency of the Bristol oonsulate.
I Included in returns from Belfast consulate.
SUMMARY.
1879 « 998, 479. 994. 82
1880 ., 191, 973, 290. 22
1881 158,786,061.80
1882 179,439,846.41
1883 165. 207, 987. 61
1S84 167,314,696.65
J985-. ^ 182.713,696.89
1886 9165.512.818.36
1887 « 174,741,820.30
1888 180.344.192.65
Qross total for the ten years
ending September 30, 1888 1, 604, 513, 304. 41
180
COMMESCUL KELATIOKS.
8HIPPIHO.
The officUil retarns show that exactly the same number of Teasels were bnflt in 1887
M in 1886, vis, 736, but the toona^ bnilt shows an incieaBe of 46,670 tons.
The total namber of vessels entering at ports in the United Kingdom in 1887 was
357,406 of 77,664,486 tons, of which 331,897 yessels of 68,076,174 tons were British;
and the total number of Teasels clearing was 319,024 of 71,978,474 tons, of which 293.-
885 vessels of 62,504,196 tons were British.
The number of Teesels lost at sea in 1886 was 641 of 214,369 tons, as oomp«red with
557 Tessels of 217,191 tons in 1885. The number of persons lost by vmck and caeoal-
ties was 1,336, a decrease of 95 compared with 1886.
Total number and tannage of registered veseds of the United Xingdom, Jde of Man^ and
Channel Islands, which were employed in the home and foreign trade^'and Ui/b nwtier qf
persons {exclusive of masters) employed therein.
*
Desoription.
•
Number.
Tons.
Persons employed.
Britiah.
Foreiirn.
Total.*
1887:
Sailinar..
12,894
5,029
8,114.480
4,000,824
68,278
92,684
18,068
10.998
81,448
121,101
Steam -..
Total.............
17,728
7,128,754
160,912
84,046
902,548
1886 r
Salllns .,
12,997
4,920
8,282,282
8,911,866
71,288
91,881
18,997
11.186
85,415
St«am
119.006
Total
17,917
7,144,097
182,614
85.188
' 204.470
1885:
Sailinir
18,775
5,016
8,819,668
8,889,600
75.844
95,741
15,124
18,072
90.968
Steaai .'
107,818
Total « ^..
18,791
7,209,168
171,586
27,196
196,781
*Inoladinff Lasoara and AalatiiM.
Total number and net. tonnage of vessds buiU in the United Kingdom^ exclusive of
built for foreigners,
TThe flfftirea are those of the ships finished building in the yean mentioned.]
Description.
Iron.
SteeL
Wood.
TbtaL*
1887:
SallinfT
Steam
Ko.
44
76
Tona,
46,857
18,910
5b.
84
227
Tima.
25.285
206.907
No,
179
18
Tons,
9,887
610
JTo.
258
822
fbiu.
81.279
225,440
120
65.467
261
281,142
197
9,967
580
806,719
1886:
Sailing
Steam
93
122
92,837
44,928
89
155
81,767
109.258
227
29
18,908
455
868
808
188.862
164,638
ToUl
215
187,260
165,450
87,815
194
141,020
266
14,863
9n
. J
293,000
1885:
Sailing
SUsam
i64
182
82
169
84,468
108,287
265
51
17,280
860
450
898
908,411
106, 9!5
Total....M..
886
248,275
191
142,755
816
18.146
8B8
406,886
'Including composite vessels.
i
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
431
Number ai%d nei tonnage of tailing and steam veeeele hUU at porta in the United Kingdom
for foreigners in the gear 1887.
Deaorlptlon. '
1887.
1886.
Inorease.
Deerease.
Wt:
No.
17
Tona.
8.966
No, .
17
840
No.
Ton;
8,126
No.
Tons.
•
Meroantile :
SfceAin ............t*r. ....»,
14
•126
6,848
•60,666
8
40
6,887
80,801
6
86
1,039
29,864
....••«•«
TotAl «...
189
66,618
48
87,688
91
28,825
Summaty:
Sailing
Steam
H
•142
6,848
•64.63I
8
V7
6,887
81.641
6
86
1,089
^.ftW
•
Total ^.
166
70.479
65
88,528
91
81,961
* Inolading a oomposite vessel of 25 tons net.
Number and tonnage of oesaets hdonging to the United Kingdom totaUy loot (exelueive of vet
aela of the Royal nav^ and number ofpaeeengere and crew losL
No.
Tons.
Persons lostb
Description.
Crew.
PMsen-
gers.
Total.
SAiUng:
1885 ;
422
508
111,045
128.891
875
865
94
81
899
1886.
886
Increane
86
2.846
7
Decrease
20
18
...*......•.
Steam:
18rt6
186
188
106,146
90,478
494
418
88
87
682
460
A^OCrOABO * ••• •■•••••«••••»••■••••••••••••••■••••■••• •••••■ «•••«»••«•«#•«• »•••••
2
15,668
81
1
89
Sammary:
1686
557
641
217,191
214,369
1,809
1,968
62
68
1,148
1,886
Increase i
84
6
2,822
101
95
Number and tonnage of sailing and steam vessels of each nationality entered and deared with
cargo and in ballast at ports in the United Kingdom from and to foreign countries and Bri^
ish possessions,
ENTERED.
Flag.
SaUtng.
Austrian
Belgian
Brittah
Danish..
Dutoh „
French
German
Italian
Norwegian
Ru'>sian.
Spanish
Swedish
United States......
Other ooun tries .
«••«•• •••«• ••••••••••••
XOHu ••••••••«• I
1886.
No.
68
6
7,240
1,907
489
1,636
2,047
899
4,831
587
81
1,202
118
18
20,469
Totu.
oB, v99
816
2,949,580
261.801
101.221
193,669
629,866
235,093
1,683.330
179,561
24,814
807,968
164.645
4,456
6^624,809
1887.
No.
63
6
6,862
1.861
462
1,432
1,960
849
4,938
603
88
1,244
75
21
19,964
Decrease from
^ 188&
3bn«.
80,358
1,9«7
2,828,252
263,216
99.594
181.194
536,538
211,181
1.643.424
196,011
24,121
831,440
114,219
8,860
6,47«,»a
««^
432
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
yumbm' and tannage of sailing and ffeom vesaelM of each naUonaUtif, e<c.— Continaed.
ENTBBBD— CoDllsued.
Flac.
• ••**•••••«••••••••••••«•••
Anstrlmn
Belsfan.
BritUh...
Danish ..
Dutch.
French .
GtormaD
lUltan
Norwegian
RaMtan.......M....
SpanSah....
Swedish „....
United States....
Other oounlries
■••••••••
••••••*••«••
Total...
••• ••••
AMiMMory.
AiMtrian
Belgian..
British
Danish ......mm....
Dutch
French
German
Italian
Norwegian
Russian
S|>aniNh
Swedish
United States
Other countries
Total
««■••« •••••«
UW.
JIfo.
19
0M
28,187
802
884
1,807
2,112
96
764
64
477
644
15
87
36,372
87
900
8S,377
2,799
1,378
2.893
4,169
425
5.595
601
558
1,846
128
100
Ton§.
15,466
304,157
19,791,481
458,606
632,190
699,612
1,216,709
29.365
288,706
87,206
444,008
809,152
28,403
96,662
24,410,809
54,466
804,473
22,741.061
719,909
733,411
803.281
1,746.575
264.458
1,922.033
216,769
468,9/7
677, UO
193.048
100, 118
56,841
31,035,618
1867.
No.
30
1,017
20,689
904
1,077
1,304
2,140
89
742
88
484
678
17
100
38,880
96
1.023
86,551
2,765
1,539
2,826
4,100
888
5,680
686
672
1,917
92
121
58,358
Ton»,
35,000
331,248
20,818,192
444.911
800,766
700.548
1,226,881
61,517
282.968
65.097
488,620
883,202
34,440
94.678
25,698,028
64.418
333.235
23,646,444
708,126
900,360
881.742
1,763,419
272.648
1,926,392
251.108
462, Ml
714.642
148,659
103,547
82,177,381
Increase cirer
1886.
Ko.
11
123
1,662
12
198
87
38
18
19
7
20
2
18
2.017
6
123
1,174
166
85
85
14
71
21
1,613
Tont.
V, 994
27.091
1.026.711
168,876
986
10.172
82,152
17,889
14.060
6,0B7
1.287,219
0,968
38,762
005,388
166,049
16.844
8,190
4,859
34,889
87,632
'"M29
Decrease from
1886.
No,
•• ••»■»•# •••
!•••••«•• »••
*«••• «•
1,141,768
84
67
60
87
86
Ibns.
••«••« •••««*
13,697
5,785
5,578
•««••• ••• •••
064
■• • •••••• •••
11,783
11,689
fib
44.;
OLBARKD.
SaUing,
Austrian
Belgian
British
Danish
Dutch
French
Gkrman
Italian
Norwegian
Russian
Spanish
Swedish
United States
Other countries
Total
Stearn.
Austrian
Belgian «
British
Danish
Dutch .M • M*MM..
French ^ , ....
German
Italian
Norwegian
Russian
Swedish ,
United States
Other countries..
Total
66
2
7,375
2,027
482
1,510
2,066
406
4,828
531
81
1,228
122
31
20,778
28
895
28,535
913
893
1,844
2,139
85
777
68
494
677
14
101
36,910
88,151
1,386
8,066,582
278, 442
102,265
192,966
542,275
288.675
1,628,077
173,682
22,938
821,438
172,762
12,996
6,812,575
19.876
314.867
20,250,706
465,324
661.204
696,515
1,247.076
84,712
298,760
39,166
460,221
387,528
26,4.'V8
100,392
24,992,884
66
6
6,775
2,030
469
1,407
2,084
861
6,004
589
82
1,270
78
28
20,191
88
1,009
80,037
922
1,081
1,390
2,146
68
782
86
600
684
17
148
38,838
89,818
4,112
2,964,361
289,12fl
106,411
182,058
559,578
217,746
1,683.316
188,188
22,867
337,912
108,151
13,588
6,716,229
27,442
826.500
21,339,132
461,111
789,891
602,208
1,227,162
79,322
283,523
52,855
455.105
389,510
35, 245
109,163
26,268,164
4
8
176
58
1
47
10
114
1,502
9
186
46
7
18
18
6
7
8
47
1,928
1,667
2,736
10.688
8,149
17,808
66.239
14.506
16,474
»•• ••••■•••<
687
7,666
11.633
1,088,426
188,597
44,610
18,090
1,982
8,787
8,771
1,175,280
eoo
18
112
53
44
40
8
584
45
122.171
10.898
• • •••••*■•
39,9S9
71
64,6U
06,846
4,218
4,312
19.914
15,227
'6,U6
1^
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
433
Nwnlber and tonnage of aailing and steam veueU of each naiiondlitiff e<<v-*Continned.
OLBABBD-OonUniMd. ^ . •' •
V\mg,
AMiwnary.
Belgian^ ...«m...
British ^
Danish
Dutch
French ^
German
Italian
Norwegrian -
Russians
Spanish
Swedish '.
United States
Other countries.
Total .......^....
188S.
No.
89
897
85,910
2,910
1,377
2,763
4,223
440
6,605
699
575
1,900
136
132
57,688
IVms.
68,087
816,253
28,887,238
748,766
753, 6M
889,471
1,789,851
278,887
1,926,827
212,847
483,159
708,966
199,220
113,888
81,805,459
1887.
No,
99
1,015
86.812
2,950
1,560
2,797
4,180
4J4
6,786
675
583
1,954
90
176
59,082
67,260
880,612
34,803,498
760,236
895,805
874,261
1,789,740
297,066
1,966,889
241,048
477.972
727,422
148,896
122,746
32,984,398
Increase oT«r
1886.
JTo.
10
118
903
12
178
181
76
7
54
44
1,844
Ton*.
9,288
14,359
066,255
6,470
141,746
88,681
40,012
24,196
18,456
Decrease firom
1886.
JTo.
•«•••••*«•••
1,178,984
66
45
26
46
Ibns.
••••••«•••••
16,210
2,611
6,187
'55,"834
Number and tonnage of British and foreign fteneU {sailing and tAeam) entered and deared
' with cargoes and in ballast at the prtneiptU ports in the United Kingdom from and to foreign
countries and British possessions,
BNTEBBD.
Port.
Cardiff.
Dublin
GiftsKOW
Hull
I^ilh
Liverpool
London
Newport
Southampton^
Sunderland^...
Swansea ,
Tyne ports......
Total......
1886.
No,
8,511
360
891
2,844
1,429
4,367
10.305
1,447
1,781
1,5M
1,470
5,414
85,383
Tons.
2,893,786
207,100
013,087
1,673,783
6S5.147
6,017,815
6,810.647
885,831
841,082
707, 9n
541,295
2,753,425
23,410,875
1887.
No,
8,620
880
989
8,106
1,808
4,477
10,457
1.575
1,738
1,538
1,462
4,653
85,248
.jL
Ton§.
2,636,129
240,459
072,032
1,816,296
636,521
5,186,303
6,880,187
950,743
809,162
748,182
682,899
2,868,282
28,677,285
Inorease over 1886.
No,
100
20
48
262
110
152
128
Tont,
142,348
23,859
58,995
142,518
168,578
09,540
65,412
40,205
266,910
Decrease from
1886.
No,
126
48
26
8
761
140
Totu.
18,626
81,870
8,896
38\143
CLEARED.
Cardiff...
Dublin
QIaHpfOW ~.
Hull
l-eith
Liverpool
London
Newport
Southampton
Sunderland ..
Swansea
Tyne ports...
Total.....
6,890
180
1,237
2,374
936
4,01<>
7,755
1,963
1.665
1,717
1,916
7,688
4,174,950
68,907
1,369,622
1,824,585
472,476
4,714,654
5,215.984
1,279,131
752,060
891,899
736,611
4,242,076
36,780 26,283,846
6,925
145
1,386
2,760
988
4.005
8,094
2,185
1,648
1,879
1,921
6,606
87,6U3
4,714,247
88,702
1,464.326
6,53^238
502.068
4,758,525
6,284,149
1, 182,436
740,730
1,000.278
746.459
8,665,990
86,993,157
586
15
148
895
8
839
162
5
723
689,297
19,795
94,704
210,653
29,502
48,871
68,165
308,805
106,879
10,048
750,813
14
17
2,311
576,086
X0611 0 B ^28
434
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
AOBIOULTUBK
The retnnifl for the United Kingdom show mn increase in the total area nnder cnltiTa-
tlon of 2,445 acres. • Cpm and green crops have each increased. Rotation Harasses and
permanent pasture both show a decrease. Cattle and sheep haye each decreased, while
pigs are greater in nnmber.
The cold and wet spring and snmmer were diaastrona to the oom-growen. The extent
to which Unssia last year displaced the United States as a snpplier of wheat to this
oonntry is shown by the following figures:
Ooantry.
QnanUty.
Yalne.
1888.
1887.
1888.
1887.
RouhIa
0M».
21,300,000
14,M7,000
8,528,000
80,504,000
$40,490,000
28,430,000
|B,ff»,000
59,980.000
United StatM
The changes which these figures show are due to the fiKst that, while the Russian crop
was exceptionally large, the American crop was below the average. In addition to the
decline in wheat, the imports of flour from the United States were also upon a de-
cidedly smaller scale. Owing partly to an improved demand for meat and partly to Uie
abundance of feed the value of cattle and sheep rose considerably during the summer.
It has been estimated that cattle sold on an average during the year at $10 each and
sheep at $2 to $2.50 each more than in 1887.
The following tables give the total amount of land under cultivation and the total
number of live-stock in Uie United Kingdom lor 1888 compared with 1887 :
Aoresse.
v/Oi^n opop0 •«•••«■••• ••••••••*■••«■••«■ •■••«• •■••••••• ••«••»•«•■•••••«••••«
Green crops
Clover, etc., under rotation :
For hay
Not for bajr ^ „..„ ..^..
Flax
Hope
fSiiiteii iruit..
Bare fallow.
Total of arable land
Total of permanent pasture:
For bay ..~
Not for bay
Total oultivated area
TMal area of the United KipRdom.
1888.
AereM.
0,786,097
4,729,101
2,984,788
8,044,608
115,796
58.494
86,941
47S, 116
21,178,686
6,880,018
20.818,216
47,876,814
77,799,793
1887.
9,780.400
4,716,679
2,975,094
8,061,852
183,904
68,709
496,992
21,176,680
6,077.660
20,621,079
47.874.869
77,790,798
Aere9.
60,207
12,512
86.941
2,965
802,858
2,445
Acnt,
40,811
7,281
18, im
5,315
26^878
»••«■•••«'••••
802. 86S
* Not separately dlsttngolahed.
Gattle
Sbeep
Pigs ..
1888b
Ntmher,
1,986,702
10,268,600
28,988,716
8,815,648
1887.
1,986,925
10,689,960
29,401,750
8,720,957
94,688
NumJber.
871.900
468,081
EUBOPE — ^UNITED KINGDOM.
435
The following table gives the namber, total yalae, and average valneper head of home-
bred horees exported from the United Kini(dom to each foreign country and British pos-
session in each of the years 1886 and 1887:
Oonntry.
••«•••••••• v***
Argentine Confederation ^ ^,
Austria
Belflrium „
Brazil
Cyprus M ~
l>enmark »
Egypt ......
France »
Germany
Greece
Holland
Italy
Japan
Java
Norway....
Portugal and Portuguese possessions.....
Bussla
Spain
Sweden
United States
Uruguay
Vanezuela
18M.
Num-
ber.
IIH
1,760
4
S
496
451
1,600
8
26
8d
2
10
1,178
7
2
Total, foreign countries..
Australasia :
New South Wales..
Queensland
South Australia
Victoria
Western Australia
New Zealand
Bermudas.
Canada
Cape of Good B[ope
Ceylon
Channel Islands^
Gibraltar
Guiana (British)
Honduras (British)
India:
Bengal „
BoQibay.
Madras
Katal
West Indies (British) ..
Total British possessions.....
Graad toUd
6,615
Total
value.
130,066
877,085
22.026
1,276
800
164,420
91,020
288,490
""eVooo
16,910
28,880
900
4,600
800,020
6,100
1,600
4
4
8
81
1
1»
1
67
8
7
1
1
8
1,711
7,826
1,418,640
6,850
8,000
1,100
88,800
800
106
664,416
8,000
926
6,940
1,726
1,260
6^995
600
600
1,800
626,686
2,016,226
Talae
per head.
1809
214
918
818
400
810
202
188
i'obo
660
616
450
450
807
728
800
1887.
Nam'
ber.
818
%
9^166
68
1
6
4
896
645
8
1,466
6
252
1,712
760
660
1,251
800
62
849
2,000
462
104
676
417
996
600
600
600
866
279
8
1
81
5
18
11
1,745
88
6,940
7
2
1
4
2,888
19
2
49
7
1
14
2,523
9,468
Total
value.
8224,486
600
464,125
40,266
860
760
1,800
168,675
148,980
1,200
816^145
8,400
1,060
126
27,900
1,225
4,675
4,960
888,770
25,125
1,792,796
16,600
8,000
650
4,126
8,760
862,796
18,800
1,800
6,080
4,000
626
200
23,175
6,785
944,186
2,786,980
Average
value
per head.
•718
250
216
860
160
825
400
881
400
216
666
360
125
715
246
889
450
194
661
258
2.214
1,250
650
1,081
8,760
861
700
650
124
571
625
200
891
418
874
289
The following table givoR the nnmber, total yalne, and aTerage yalne per head of
foreign-bred horses exported from the United Kingdom to each foreign country and
British possession in the yean 1886 and 1887:
BnuBil.
Denmark........
France
United States.
TotaL.
1886.
Num-
ber.
88
6
1
102
142
Total yalne.
815,000
206
200
19,825
85,280
Average
value
per head.
1454
34
200
194
2Aa
1887.
Num-
ber.
Total value.
1
13
842
83,100
V
30
2,800
66,580
TL^^^a
Average
value
per head.
81,033
30
177
l«J4
*)H^
4S6
CfOHMERCIAL RELATIONS.
The following tables show the acreage, entimated total prodnoe, and estimated arer-
age yield per acre of wheat, barley, oats, and maize in the United Kingdom and in
certain foreign conntriee and British poooeesiona in the yean 1685, 1886, and 1887:
Acreage of KHgliah etahOe acres.
Ooontry.
Wheat.
Barley.
1886.
im
1887.
1886.
1887.
Australasia a >•>.?..••••«.•....
Auslria-Hutigary:
1,581.916
2,949,325
6,769,807
2,042,078
017,188,210
4,737,138
209,864
27,892,742
d 1,073,230
2.549,385
84,189,246
1,718,470
2,899,555
6,827,154
1,848,308
017,181,733
4,784,083
26,735.484
d 1,079,381
2,355,451
86,806,J84
2,060,844
127,480
2,881,048
2,583,296
660.063
2,860.781
4,296.625
122,612
78,847
2,761,460
2,579,222
805,348
2,338,349
4,276,756
•••••• •••••• •««•••
84,168
\^RlattOA O ••••««•• • ••••• ••• • • ••• • •*•••« •••
V rnuOO*«*««« •••••••■••■••••••••^•••«»»«
Germany.....^.,
Holland
India.
" <C'»8Vl56*
1,814,608
■'4"741,615'
26,854,882
2,884,506
87,641,788
2,480,124
823,456
4,275,869
Hweden.M
0 2,604,196
<r 2, 486, 828
8,729,889
0 2,647,485
y 2, 423, 060
2,662.967
United Kingdom/
92,247.563
United States
Oountry.
Oats.
HalM.
188B.
1888.
1887.
1886L
1886.
1887.
Austria-Hungary :
Austria ^
690,650
4,517,746
2,564.876
1,700,771
9,113.881
9,828,789
282,951
4,269,359
22,783,780
620.451
4.614,816
2.601,975
1,782,961
9,228,152
9,402,141
S78,811
h200,U6
908,118
4,631,998
4167,831
i 1,506,962
A227.596
895,526
4,727,978
4156,494
i 1,481,318
ilr25Q.996
2,682,615
1,887,639
' "5^515,447
i 163,868
0)
Canada o.
Franoe « ^..
Germany .•..^^...
9,411,806
Holland ^
■•
United Kingdom /.
United States..
4,408.579
83,658,474
4,408,044
25,920,906
78,130,150
75,694,208
TZ, 892, 720
a Kzclnsive of South Australia.
b Provinces of Ontario and Manitoba only.
e Including spelt.
d Including rye.
0 Including oats and mixed com.
/ Bzdtasi ve of Channel Islands and Isle of Mao.
9 Including bere.
h New South Wa]es,yictoria,Weatem Australia,
and Queensland only.
4 Province of Ontario only.
j Inoluding millet.
Eetimaied total prodvee in English in^peridl buskets.
Country.
Wheat.
Barley.
U8B.
1886.
1887.
1885.
1886.
1887.
Australasia a »
Austria-Hungary :
Austria
17,096,480
46,-93,120
119,296,040
16,640,770
87,597.342
5.325,924
o302.l20.120
95,479.888
6,138,544
2W, 938, 496
106.861.122
172,378.173
8,796,992
79,635,769
846,201,157
25,208,828
43,267,400
99,674,944
1^,572,476
33,309,628
5.006.644
0295.039,475
97,646,604
28,576,661
2.561,149
50,448,398
52,638,328
5,547,124
17,866.948
22,846,102
47,892.457
99,649,231
5,805,748
'"2; 420, 217*
97,269,085
13.159,312
/85, 721, 632
66,576,927
1,681,801
61,611,840
86,695,676
8,567,509
20,476,870
23,293,099
49,206,169
106.024,042
8,674.264
129.789,604
15.578.848
/78, 809, 607
57,6i2,296
1.965,W
Hungary ...m.. .......
Belsrlum
141,407,195
82,425,452
5,796,823
loSi'Sivsy*
'2Mi*«B,"U2'
53,998,S2S
Canada 6
19.060,061
22, 114.047
Oermanv~,.^„TT. .,.,,„„.
97,218.616
Holland
India M..*........~...
238.585.947
109,448.638
156,546,447
8,685,176
68,847,885
448,248,618
•• • •«••• • ••■ ••••M
Russia d
269,085.104
4, 192, 488
76,224,940
442,886,780
162,49»,2(I8
14,69(^,656
/60, 948,286
Sweden
United*Kingdom 0....
United States ....
o Exclusive of South Australia.
d Provinces of Ontario and Manitoba only.
« Inoluding spelt,
d Russia in Europe, including Poland.
0 Exclunive of Channel Islands and Isle of Ita-
f iBaoLudloi: bere.
i
EUBOPE — DIHTED EIKODOK.
437
EsUinaled total produce in ETigUth imperial 6iMAe2»— Continaed.
Ooontry.
Oata.
Kaise.
im
1880.
1887.
1886.
V
1886.
1887.
Australasia o^
Aufltria-Hungary :
AuBiria^
14,888,686
91,821,537
52,763,780
24,952,416
60,763,523
81,777,409
236,208,119
245,398,841
12,635,697
15,256,850
876,486,153
60,297.832
160,440,907
610,178,667
17,420,888
109,257,929
53,293,479
28,390,260
62,138,485
32,761,639
245,544,010
274,420,263
lA, 808, 878
66,992,647
19,272,166
106,728,980
66,770,190
18,607,820
81,860,699
y«, 906, 828
liunisary ......••*■■
71,441,266
Belifiuiij..
67,118,888
29,444,099
2*8,004,642
DAnniarlc
'd26,fiB7^7ib'
dSVSiVm'
Prance
Qerniany
XlOlllLUu _ ................
Italy
14,862,451
651,500,062
63,852,000
169,376,088
606,064,884
609,419,912
64,784,872
160,789,416
689,464,681
78.010,601
16,704,727
75.190.686
20,454,660
Russias..
12,679,177
Sweden
United Kinffdoni/..^
United States
l,8n,020,016
1,614,666,781
1,411,670,918
a Exclusive of South Australia. d Inoluding: millet.
b New South Wales, Victoria, Western Austria e Russia in Europe, inoludinir Poland.
lia. and Queensland only. / Bzoliisive of Onannel Islands and Isleof Man.
« Province of Ontario and Manitoba only.
Estifnated average yield per acre in English iny^eridl huehele.
Ooontry.
Australia a
Austria-Hungary :
Austria
'Hunfrary... .......
Canada 6
France
Oermany
Holland
India
United Kingdom d.
United States
*••••■■«••■•■••••
Wheat.
1886.
11.16
16.87
16.29
18.41
017.58
20.20
29.32
10.55
31.24
10.18
1886.
14.67
14.92
14.60
18.02
cl7. 17
20.09
8.92
26.89
12.04
1887.
18.87
20.62
17.87
21.98
9.»l
e81.97
1L761
Barley.
1886.
20.10
17.61
20.88
27.48
20.29
28.19
43.81
«36.
20.78
1886.
22.94
18.69
14.28
25.48
21.04
24.09
18«82.
32
21.72
1887.
23.23
21.77
28.15
22.74
31.12
Oats.
1886.
24.85
20.82
20.58
85.78
25.81
26.81
44.661
87.63
26.78
1886w
28.06
23.68
20.48
34.85
26.61
29.191
88.46
26.67
1887.
27. 48 /'28. 66 /26. 86/27. 61
28.08
81.08
25.88
84.25
24.67
Maiae.
1886.
21.82
22.83
0rl7.8O
25.67
1886.
1887.
20.78
17.81
yl7.77
21.83
15.82
•• ••••*•«
19.50
a Excluslre of South Australia. e Inoluding beie.
b Provinces of Ontario and Manitoba only. / New South Wales, Ylotorla, Western Ao*-
c Including spelt. tralia, and Queensland on^.
d Rxolusi ve of Oiiaonel Islands and Islo of Man. g Including miuel.
FISHERIES*
The general resalt for the United Kingdom, and allowing for Sooteh and Irish salmon,
is as follows:
Diyiskm.
England and Wales..
Sootland, excluding salmon.
Scotland, salmon ,
Ireland, excluding salmon...
Ireland, salmon.. „.. ,
Total
Fish landed.
Weight.
3bn«.
801,000
252,000
45,000
696,000
Value.
$20,615,000
6,985,000
1,405,000
1,580,000
1,466.000
\
ai^9Ra^<Q»^
1
438
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
ComiHiriDg tho «DDiial Talne of the sea fisheries of the oonnferiee where total values are
given, viz: Norway (1886), $6,190,000; Holland, about the same as Norway; France
(1885), 118,545,000; Canada (1886), $19,460,000; United Kingdom (1887), $31,950,000.
Mr. GifTen, of the English Board ot Trsde, says: "The sea fisheries of the United King-
dom appear to be of greater valne than the sea fisheries of any other country which pub-
lishes tolerably complete records, and probably of greater value than those of any other
country in the world,''
Comparison can not be made with the United States, as there does not appear to be
any annual statistics of the fisheries of the United States as a whole, and no detatla of
such fisheries in any forn\ that could be compared with those given. The only general
statement is one contained in the census of 1880, which does not include particulars as
to the kinds of fish captured, nor state the value as landed, distinctly and separately.
The following tables show the quantity, value, and average price of fish landed on the
English and Welsh and Scotch coasts in 1886 and 1887:
Oomparaiive sialemeni showing the total quantity^ value^ and average price ofJUh landed on the
English and Welsh eoaets in 1886 and 1887.
Description.
Tiirbot ,
Soles
Prime fish, not aepBmtely dl*-
tin^uished
Total prime Ash.^
Salmon
Uod
t,\nff -
Haddock
Macicere)
HerriiiflTS -
Pilchards
BpratH
All other, except shell-flsh
Total
Shell-fish:
Lobsters
Crabs.
OysterSb..
Other....
Total.
Total value
188ft.
Quantity.
59,880
96,078
•370,014
527. M2
15,066
248.197
67,870
•1,343,825
265,290
1,978,687
858.384
148,818
1,519,454
0,412,438
No.
452,097
2,863,859
45,554,000
289,009
Value.
•613,825
2,137,260
•1,846,445
4,896,080
477.465
968,550
192,245
•2,210,740
888,720
2,346,830
212,436
69,250
6.183,180
18, 440, 390
96,060
196,810
675,280
877,880
1,844.980
19.785,875
1887.
Quantity.
63,166
85,316
•115,850
264.333
17, no
256,155
75,015
•1,545,604
390,630
1,005,140
66,625
118,040
1,236,626
8,688,079
No.
517,706
4,080,687
68,577,000
ChvU,
843,730
>•••#■•••«
Value.
•923,810
1,947,070
•1,848,870
4,713,750
479,410
864,700
240,610
•3.739,280
833,046
2,206,960
106,896
63,490
0,664,740
18,894.790
118,380
849,816
816.375
488,685
1,023,505
30,517,896
Avera^ prioe^
1886.
Ferowl,
•15.36
2L79
4.99
9.27
8L68
8.88
8.83
1.771
B. o4f
1.18
.60
.46
8.91
3.87
iVr 100.
31.08
6.87
1.47
MrWw CWPk
i.aoi
1887.
PwcwL
•14.614
15.901
17.88
38.03
8.87
8.30
1.761
8.86
1.S7
1.80
.63*
8.70*
8.18
loa
22.844
&10*
1.681
iVr ewl.
1.274
• There was an error in the classification in 1886, by wtiioh a certain quantity of haddooka w«rs
included with "other prime fish.**
Comparative statement showing the total quantity.'valuej and average price offish landed tm
the Scotch eoaefe in 1886 and 1887.
Description.
Turbot
Soles
i'od .„
l'»n»
Haddock
Mackerel
Herrings
Sprats
Sparling .„«
Torek (tusk)
Quantity.
Oote.
8,765
7,584
ftiA AAA
131,701
070,973
3,898
8.108,384
31.968
176
•,70l
Value
OMs.
•48.665
6,286
46,886
11,786
637,880
888,089
388,660
100,508
1,684,415
761,471
9,440
8,697
8,613,370
8,817,361
18,596
96,260
2,120
190
8,885
10,884
•72,185
66,966
689,880
176,180
1,670,166
8.156
8.807.860
87,866
8.040
8^380
ATence pries.
1886.
1R87.
PeremL
PerewL
•13.89
•12.64
&m
5. TO
1.884
1.66
1.82
1.76
4.48
8.21i
8.86
8.02
1.10
LOO
.84
.88
18.04
10.74
.904
.754
K
EUKOPE— UNITED KINGDOM.
439
SttUement showing ike Mai quantity, value^ and average price offish, elc» — Continaed.
DMoription.
Saith (coal (Iflb) ^
Whitinfir
Halibut
Flounder (plaice and brill)..
Eel
Skate
All other (except shelUfish).
Total.
8hell-fish:
Lobsters..
Crabfl
Oysters ....
Massels
CTams
Other shell-flsh.
ToCal
Total value
18M.
Quantity.
105,683
75,021
29.778
81,134
7.230
51,648
71,768
4,718,145
777,700
2.885.600
206,700
257,022
12,286
60,999
Value.
177,910
144,760
118,006
251, 115
21,185
62.280
106,066
7,016,965
Ua,665
66,985
6,480
72,196
8,875
67,290
864,340
7,381.295
1887.
Quantity.
OwU.
109.796
78,719
18,998
96,297
8,606
45,298
104,412
5,043,629
No.
065,000
2,245,100
218,200
Cwtt.
276,086
17,476
66,485
Value.
177,250
188,666
81,626
299,220
24,060
47,636
110,226
6,661,970
129,286
61,620
4,861)
76,905
11,666
48,620
832,845
6,984,815
ATerage price.
1886.
Percwt,
fO.74
1.92
8.79
8.09
2.9U
1.01
1.60i
1.48
P«r 100.
19.61
2.824
2.184
Parewi.
.28
.71*
.98
1887.
PercwL
•0.69*
1.09
4.294
8.10
2.82
1.05
1.054
1.314
Per 100.
19.71
2.78
2.27
Perewt.
.274
.66
.87
I^umber of boaia and men and boya employed in seafteheriea in the United Kingdom,
Diyiflion.
England
Scotland
Ireland
Isle of Man ,
Channel laiands.
Totol
Total 1886.
Increase .
Decrease.
Boafa.
8,800
12,168
6,766
887
260
27.970
28,754
784
Men and
boys.
40,748
49, U7
26,404
1,821
125,498
124,604
804
MIlfES.
Ab evidence of the improved condition of trade in this country it will be observed
tbat the mineral production of 1887 eicoeeded that of 1886 by $14,674,245 in ralne. The
increase in the output of coal was 4,601,330 tons, valued at $4,734,500, and of pig-iron
550,000 tons, in value $7,500,000. Although the production of tin was 30 tons lees than
in 1866, the value was $626,000 greater.
Quaniiiy and value- of coal and metals produced in the OnUed Kingdom,
Description.
Coal
Piff-iron
Fine copper
Metallic lead
White tin
Zinc
Silver from lead
Other metals
fotal.
1887.
Quantity.
Tons.
162.119.812
8,559,330
889
87,890
9,282
18.042
•820.84)
••••«• •••^••••••••»«s •«•!«• •«•■••••••••• ••■••«
Value.
1195, 46i, 160
88,824,880
214,250
2,434,430
5,243,166
1,047,980
297,820
1,060
1886.
Quantity.
Tons,
167,618,482
7,000,754
1,472
89,482
9,312
8,989
*826,427
298,527,176
Value.
$190,729,660
79,448,875
827,315
2,618,250
4,717,910
706,675
815,266
278,862,990
440
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
BANKBUPTCT.
The total nomber of receiviDg orders made daring tiieyear 1887^ not iuclading those
resoinded before beinar prooeeded with, was 4,839, as compared with 4,816 in 1886, the
increase being 23, or aooat one-half per cent. The estimated liabilities have inoreased
from |39,569,:i55 to $44,679,125, or nearly 13 per cent., bat the estimated assets have
decreased from $14,275,800 to>$l3,335,8l0, or nearly 7 per cent. The percentage of as-
sets to liabilities has fallen from 36.1 per cent, to 29.8 per cent. The total amount of
annnal loss to creditors in England ana Wales through bankruptcy proceedings for the
year 1887 is Cbtimated at $35,574,525, against $29,599,010 in the previous year, showing
uii increase of $5,975,515.
Tlie following table gives the number of bankruptcies, liquidations or schemes, and
compositions, with the amount of liabilities and assets for the yean 1885 to 1867 :
Number of hankrupMee^ liquidaUonB, amd eompoiiiUm$, witk ike amount of UabiUHa
and aneUfor ike yeara 1884, 1885, amd 1886.
Namber of oases :
Bankruptcies .
Llquidatioxis ..
Compositions..
Total.
Liabilities:
Baokmptoles
Liquidations .
Com positions.
Total.
Assets:
Bankruptoies
Liquidations .
Compositions .
Total.
1885.
8,9«5
78
4,883
187,484.060
8,737.855
8,967.080
4S.188,8tf
12.078^090
1,918,020
1,469,645
15,465,765
1886.
4,666
61
189
4,816
$38,864,335
8,961,766
8,243,255
89.569,856
10.506,490
2,400,675
1,859,435
14.276,800
1887.
4.681
31
127
4.839
$40,643,070
2,280,195
1,754,900
44,679.125
11,838,240
855^385
642,185
18,835^810
KoTB.— Percentage of total asseto to total liabilities in 1885, 84.2 per cent, j ia 1886^
1887, 29.8 per cent.
.1 per oent ; in
BeHmaied animal lo$$ arieing to ereditors in England and Walee tkrougk hankrupiee
proeeedinge in 1885, 1886, and 1887.
Annual loss.
Liquidation ,
Bankruptcies ,
Total
Amount after deduction of one-third for expenses of
realisation
Compositions ^ ,
Total assets for dividends ,
Liabilities
Ket estimated loss to creditors ,
188&
$1,918,620
12.078,090
18,996,110
0,330,740
1,469.645
10,800,385
45^188,945
84^888^560
1886.
02,409.875
10. 506, 490
12,916,365
8.610,010
1,350,435
0.070,346
80^569,855
28^000^010
1887.
0855,385
11.838.240
12,683,625
8,462,415
642,185
9,104.600
44. 679.121
35,574,521
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
441
Number of receiving orders gazetted in ihe undermentioBed trades and occupations during
the years 1886-'87.
Tradoa aod occupations.
Total gazetted
Kniuoer insetted in principal trades
and oocapations:
Pablioans and hotel-keepers
Orocer8,eto
Farmers
Builders ;
Boot and shoe manufacturers and
dealers
Bakers. ^.
Drapei-s, haberdashers, etc
Butchers
Tailors, etc
Jewelers, watch-makers, etc
Decorators, painters, plumbers,
etc
Agents, commission and eeneral .
Coal and coke merchants and
dealers
Auctioneers
Carpenteis and Joiners
Gabine^makers and upholsterers.
CoHL flour, seed, etc., merehanta,
ana dealers
Iron-mongers
Clerkfi, commercial and general..
Provision merchants, eto
Tobacconists, etc
Merchants
Fish-mongers, poulterers, eto^
General dealers
Oreen-grocers, frniterers, etc
Dairymen, eto
Printers uid pnhlishers
Solicitors
Fishing-net and smack owners
and masters
Stone-masons
Clothiers, outfltters, eto
Bngineers and founders, eto
Gardeners, florists, and nursery-
men
1887.
1888.
No.
No.
4,688
4,859
342
381
337
386
?96
832
289
255
152
187
128
104
119
125
101
81
91
132
90
69
87
100
83
80
68
55
67
51
54
70
53
40
52
52
52
40
44
55
44
44
42
23
41
3J
89
60
88
29
87
51
35
20
34
33
84
46
82
22
31
24
81
84
80
61
80
• 16
Trades and ocoupationa.
Number gaoetted in principal trades
and oocnpatlona— Contiuued.
Millers
Confectioners
Furniture dealers and makers. .
Saddlers and harness-makers. . .
Chemists, druggists, and ohemi-
cal manufacturers
Travelers, commercial
Blacksmiths
Accountants
Lodging-house keepers
Carriers, carmen, lightermen,
and haulers
Wheelwrights
Timber merchants
Stationers
Bestauraot, coffee and eating-
house keepers
China, glass, earthen ware, etc.,
dealers
Contractors
Carriage, etc., builders
Milliners, dress-makers, eto
Iron-founders
Curriers, tanners uid leather
merchants
Hosiers, glovers, eto
Wine and spirit merchants, eto. ,
Book-binders and sellers
Hatters
Cattle and pig dealers
Fancy goods manufasturers and
importers
Hair-dressers
Architects and snrv^ors
School-masters and sohool-nils-
tresses
Warehousemen
Oil merchants
Clerks in holy orders
Brokers, ship and insuranoe....
No.
30
80
30
29
29
25
24
24
23
23
23
22
21
21
21
21
20
19
19
19
19
19
17
17
17
17
17
16
16
16
16
16
15
1880.
No.
21
38
30
29
36
36
19
10
20
30
15
29
18
15
24
22
25
29
2
19
12
21
16
21
18
21
11
20
26
13
12
RBYSNUX.
The gross public revenae for the yeal* ending March 31, 1888, amoanted to $449,011,270,
and the expenditure to $437,118,225, leaving a snrplns of $11,893,045. The expendi-
ture was less than in the year esding March 31, 1887, by $12,865,535, and the income
by $4,852,520. The smaller expenditure was bronght about by the reduction of the
charge for the national debt of $8,700,000 ; army, $2.000,000 ; and navy, $5,000,000 ;
the lesser receipts by a reduction on the duty of tooacco producing ^,500,000 less
than in the previous year, and in the income tax producing $10,000,000 less in the
year. There was a decrease in the amount of revenue received from customs of
$2,776,<^5, but an increase in the revenue from excise of $2,063,185, and from stamps
of $6,383,085.
The following table gives the gross amount of revenue oolleoted from the customs,
excise, and stamps in 1887-'88 :
Articles.
Tea
Coffee
Spirits, foreign and colonial
Tobacco and snuff
Customs.
123,066.560
937.810
21, 121. 735
5,424,820
43,569,720
Articles.
Currants, raisins, and dried firuits
Other imported articles
Miscellaneous reoeipts
Total
Customs.
12,693,660
880,350
202,725
97,897,880
442
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
ArtiolM.
SplriU
Beer
LlcensM
Railways
AjticlM.
Deeds and other tnstmiiMnts
Probate dntj
Lflffaoies and snooeasioiis. ...
Life insnraoce
Marine insuranoes
Bxoiee.
|65. U1, 015
43,557,665
17.811,270
1.574,065
Articles.
ColTee miztuieiabeU and chioory.
Other receipts
T«>tal
lExcise.
$tt.005
19,
ia8;i27.600
Stamp.
$11, 928. 010
22.083,100
18,225,310
217.775
623.645
Artiolea.
Bills of exchange, bankers* notes, etc
Receipts and dntfts
Other receipts ^
Total
Stamp.
$3. 017. 180
4,061.625
2,428^105
65,284,750
PubHc revenue$ and expmditures of ike United Kingdom for the year ending Marok SI, 1888.
I>ebit.
Credit.
For funded and nnftinded debt - - . . -
•131,060.555 1
50,000
08,450,750
00,83^080
61, 6i6, 785
580,670
750,000
Cnatoms
106, 150, 000
128L100 000
lasnes on accoant of friendly socle-
Excise licenses
ties' deflotencies
Stamps (inland revenue)...........
65.000,000
6,150.000
9*700,000
72.200,000
48,250,000
0,750,000
1,060, 000
Civil list of civil oharses
I.<and t«x
Arrnv
Hoase doty
Zr ^
x« av V ...............................
Prnnerty and ineome tax
Local i nation of military forces
Post^tfice
A'nnoity under ** Indian army pen*
sion deficiency act. 1885"
Telficmuh service
Crown lands *...^x..x
Literest on advances for local
works, and on purchase money of
Sues Canal shares
Total
388, 872, 740
53, 743, 485
11,803,045 ,
ChHrges for collection of revenne. . .
Balance in hand Match 31. 1886
1.212.805
3,702,605
10.846,270
Stamps in lieu of fees
Receipts by dvil departments, etc .
Gross total
GroAA total ...................
440,011,270
410,012,270
AmounU eJearedat the London ha/nkert? oleoHng-Kanee,
1883
188i
1885
1880
1887
Amount cleared—
On fortnightly
stock exchange
settling days.
$5,295,000,000
4.805,000.000
4, 675. 000, 000
6.905,000.000
6,780,000,000
On consols set-
tling days.
$1,275,000,000
1, 840, GOO, 000
1, L'4\ 000, 000
1,816,000.000
1,480,000,000
Qnithof eadh
month.
$1,195^000.000
1, 215^ 000. 000
1,110,000,000
1,080,000.000
1,280,000,000
Total amoonk
820,645,000,000
28.905,000.000
27.666.000,000
29,510,000,000
80,885,600^000
Average minimum rate per oonl. of dieoonni eharaed hy the Bank of England in each monA
for the last jive yeare.
Month.
January .
February
March . . .
April —
May
June.....
July ....
AngUBt . .
1888.
%
3
8
»H
4
4
1884.
1886.
6
6
SI*
i«
2
2
1886.
21
2
2
If
i)
1867.
6
4
I*
2
<\
Month.
September
OoU»bcr
Noyember
December
Average for the
year
1888.
8
8
3ft
188^
^
2U
188&
2
2
111
3
1686.
H
4
4i
1887.
4
4
4
4
H
BVBOPE — UNITED KINQDOM.
443
NATIONAL DEBT.
Tbe total amount of uational debt at the end ot the financial years 1881 to 1888 was
FlnanoiAl years ended M»rch 81 —
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1^86
1887
1888
Fanded debt.
$3,546.
3.647,
3,563.
3.208,
3.200,
3,194.
3,188,
8.048,
392,830
402.735
491070
155, 475
909.460
248, 470
188.200
703, 715
Gapitid
Ytkint of ter-
minable
annnitieii.
$174,
165,
137,
468,
430,
429,
405.
892,
942, 175
909,375
851.380
411,345
578,290
149. 585
615, 740
246,150
Unfanded
debt
$110,887,500
90.038,500
70,027,000
70,553,000
70, 165, SCO
88,014,000
87,589,500
86,925,500
of
Total
imtional
debt.
13.830,
8,808,
8.772,
8.782,
8.701.
3,711.
8,681,
8,627,
722,305
440.610
276.850
119,820
653,270
412,055
889,440
875^365
The remarkable financial transaction of the year was the act of Mr. Goschen, chan-
cellor of the exchequer, oonYbrtiug the national debt from a series of 3 per cent, stocks
into a consolidated stock, bearing for foarteen years from April l, 1889, 2| per cent.,
aud afterwards 2^ per cent.
Tbe act provides for the creation of new stock, yielding dividends np to April 1,
1889, of 3 per cent., and thereafter 2f per cent., until April 1, 1903, and thereafter 2^
per cent, stock not to be redeemable at par value.
The whole of the old 3 per cent, stock, which amounted to 1*2,963,091,420 on March
31, 1888, has been converted into the new stock, with the exception of $211,625,865,
which balance will probably be paid off by an issue of terminable annuities or by a
fresh creation of new consols, so that the national debt will presently consist of one
stock. The immediate relief to the exchequer will begin to be felt in the year 1889,
by a reduction of interest on the debt amounting to $6,425,000 yearly.
POST-OFFICE.
The following table shows the estimated number of letters, etc., delivered in tbe
United Kingdom during the twelve months ended Maich 31, 1888 :
DeMription.
Letters
PoBt cards
Books, packets, and oirciilars
Kewepapers
Total
Paraela
Onuid total
Kamber.
1,512,200,000
188, 800, 000
389, 500, 000
152,300,000
2, 242, 800. 000
36,732,000
2,279,532,000
Increase
per cent
3.6
4.8
5.6
.8
3.8
11.8
Average
number to
each per-
son.
3.9
41
5
10
4
60
1
61
Of the total number of letters, etc., delivered, about 65 x>er cent, were delivered in
England and Wales (28 per cent, being delivered in the London postal district), 9 per
cent, in Scotland, and 6 per cent, in Ireland.
Three hundred and ninety-six new post-offices were opened during the year.
The parcel poet business has increased largely. The total number of parcels posted
during the year was 36,731,786.
The following table gives a comparison between the business condacted in 1834-^86
(when it was established) and 1885-^81^ 188&^87, and 1887-^88:
444
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
]884-'85
1885-'g6
lR86-'87
1867-'88
Kamber
of parcels
railway-
bome and
road-borne.
«22,010,OiO
26.417,397
82, MO. 154
86,731.786
Poetaee.
GroM
amount.
55 per cent.
ou lailway*
borne parceU
paul to
railway oom-
paoiea.
$2,541,286
2, 959, 725
8, 595. 560
4,058,820
$1,282,860
1. 494, 740
1,791,270
2,000,475
Poflt'Offioe
share.
1,358,375
1,464,985
1,804.290
2,052,345
AverajEe post-
age per parceL
Gross.
Genu.
10.64
10.72
10.50
10.60
Post-
offiee
share.
Oentt.
5l26
6.32
5.38
5.36
2f 0TB.— The cbarsos for transmitting parcels vren redaoed in 1886.
It will be observed that the amoants earned by the railway companies were larger
Id the years 1884-'85 and l88&-'86, and smaller in 18ei6-'87 and 1887-^d8, than those
earned by the post-offlce. This change is due to the extension of the road-borne sys-
tem of collecting and delivering parcels by wagons. A parcel service by coach be-
tween London and Brighton (a distance of 52 miles) was established in 18ti7, and this
has been so satisfactory that it is intended to extend the system in other directions.
The number of letters, post cards, parcels, etc., rec«ive<l in the returned letter oflSce
was 13,4:$6,()00 of which number 412,122 were nnretumable. There were 25.726
wholly unaddressedy 1,533 of which contained money, checks, etc., amonntiog to
935,555.
The number of accounts remaining open at the end of the year 1887 in the Post-offloe
Savings £!knk was 3, %1, 761, distributed as follows :
Division.
Bn {Eland and Wales
Scotland
Ireland
Ho.
8,668,232
180,681
158,848
Propor-
tion to
Ito 8
lto29
Ito 81
ATerags
balance
dae to
each do*
positor.
$66.46
89. «>
80.81
A peculiarity of the above is that while in Ireland the number of accounts open is
only in the proportion of 1 to 31 of the population, the balance due to each depositor
is much larger than in the other two sections of the Kingdom.
The gross revenue for the year was as follows :
Receipts.
Expendittires.
Postaji^e .■.....•..■•■..
$42,046,060
667, 230
799, 395
14, 000
1, 836, 115
9,960,925
For postal service, inoladlng money
and po.>4tAl-order business
For nacket service..........
ConiiuiARion:
On nioue V orders ..................
$26^810.975
2.868.I2S
On Dostal orden*
For aavinifs bank ..................
L4ia,09o
Valno of unclaimed money orders. . .
SaviuGTH banic . 1
For teleffrsDhs...... ..••*. .........
9.966,8:^
Total ».
TelciiraDbs .........................
41,067,025
Xet revenue ............
14,256,700
Total
55,823,725
RAILWAYS.
The general report of the board of trade on the traffic and working of railways for
1887 shows an improvement as compared with 1886, the net earnings, amounting to
9169,400,550, being larger than they have ever been before. The increase in the re~
oeipts from passenger traffic was $1,500,000 and from goods traffic $5^00,000. The
increase in the number of passengers carried was upwards of 8,000,000, and the in-
creased weight of goods was over 14,000,000 tons. The working expenses show an in-
crease of about $2,500,000, but the total working expenses, amounting to $185,316,330
EDBOPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
445
in 1887, compare favorably with those of 188C, there being as light decrease in the
exi)(Miditiir4)s per train mile. The decrease in the working expenses per train mile
hits been continuous for several years, amounting in the last tea years to 11 cents per
train mile, or about 15^ per cent.
Tlie increase of capital amounted to upwards of 188,000,000, the total nominal capi-
tal being $4,229,85^,270. The average dividend on the total paid-up capital in "^iUfT
was at tlie rate of 4.13 per cent., an increase of .05 per cent, compared with 1886.
The nnmber of persons killed in the working of the railways was 919 and thenum-
'bcr of injured was 3,590. Of these nnmbers, 121 killed and 1,297 injured were passen-
gers, but of these only 25 were killed and 538 iujured in consequence of accidents or
collisions between trains. Of the remainder, 422 killed and 2,^5 injured were officers '
or servants of the companies. Of suicides there were 70; of trespassers, 203 were
killed and 114 injured ; accidents at level crossings, 63 killed and 35 injured ; other
causes, 40 killed and 35 injured.
The amount of compensation paid by railway companies of the United Kingdom
for personal injuries to passengers and for loss or damage of goods was as follows :
DiTision.
Bnglftnd and Wales
Scotland
Ireland
Total
1886.
PacaeniTOTs
$760,040
70,485
134,020
055,446
GkHKU.
$733,540
68,365
27,870
829, 775
1887.
Paasengen.
$742,425
55,565
84,040
882,030
Goods.
$700,965
65,000
22,200
848,166
Total length f paid-up capital, traffic, receipts, and working expense» of railways in the
United Kingdom,
Division.
England and Wales . .
Scotland
Ireland
Total
Total 1886
Increase in 1887
Leneth
oF
line
open
at end
of
year.
13,826
8,079
2,674
10, 578
19,382
246
Paid-ap capital.
Ordinary.
$1,819,832,860
170, 870, 205
88,273,520
1,673,076,585
1,626,010,410
47, 966, 175
Onarantied
preferential
loans and do-
ben tare stocks.
$2,193,030,165
863, 929, 605
99, 012, 926
2,655,881,685
2, 616, 710, 860
60,170,825
TotaL
$3, 512, 772, 016
534,799,810
182,286,446
4, 229, 858, 270
4. 141,721, 270
88,187,000
Niiinber
of
passengers
conveyed.
647, 774, 956
66, 432. 617
19,470,968
733. 678, 531
725,584,890
8, 094, 141
DiTision.
England and Wales. . .
Scotland
Ireland
Total
T..t4ai886
Increase in 1687.
Weight ot
goods
and miner*
als carried.
Tont.
229, 052. 478
36, 102, 520
8,771,886
208,926,884
2.51,626,643
14, 300, 241
Gross receipts.
From
passenger
traffic.
$130,883,820
14,951,320
7,531,295
152,80n,435
151, 224, 690
1.641,745
From goods
rom go(
traffic.
$158,463,645
21,842,500
6.400,850
186, 706, 495
!81, 852. 105
4,864,300
Average re-
ceipts from
passenger
and goods
crafflc
per milo.
$20,895
11,950
6,210
17,345
17, 2:J0
115
Misoellar
neons.
$13, 667, 160
1,259,615
217,275
16, 143, 960
14,682,880
261,070
TotaL
$302,514,626
38, 053. 335
14,148,020
354, 7iri, 880
347. 959, 765
6, 757, 016
446
COMHEBOIAL RELATIONS.
Tifidi ItnffH, paid-up capital, trafic, rteeipt9, amd warbing wpentes, ete, — Contmned.
Dtriaioii.
Enjrland »nd AValea .
Sootliind
iTolaod
Total ,
ToUl 1880
Inoremaein 1887
Working
•xpenditarM.
$158^831,020
18.888,085
7,027,325
18^818.8a0
182,601,885
2,725,005
K«treo«lpte.
0148,003,005
10.185,150
0,621.
100.400,550
105,868.030
4,082,630
Plvportion
of W(«rkiii|;
ezpeodiUiTM
to gross rft-
eelpts.
p4renU.
a
50
54
52
S8
TRAM-WATS.
The total length of line open in the United Kingdom in 1887 was 886 miles, an in-
crease of 21 miles oyer 1886. The paid-np capital amounted to 164,536,003 and the
gross receipts for the year to $14,011,690. The ayerage return npon the capital ex-
pended was about 5^ per cent, as against 5 per cent, in 1886. The following table
gives the length, paid-up capital, traffic, receipts, and expenditures on tram-ways in
the United Kingdom for 1887 compared with 1886 :
Total lengihf paid-up capital, traffic, reoeipt$, and working expen»6B of (rain-t0»y« in ike
United Kingdom,
DiTision.
Leneth
of line
open on
June 30
of each
year.
England and Wales
Scotland
Ireland
Total for 1887
Total for 1880
Inorease
UilM.
722
77
87
886
805
21
Paid-np capital on June 30.
Sharo.
$8(1,877,050
a. 250, 410
4,751.800
16, 870, 750
45,633,400
1,856,850
Loan and
debenture.
014,489^815
3,506,830
068,005
17,657,150
16^434,120
1,383,090
TotaL
$68,900,265
5,817.240
5^410.885
64,586^300
61,947.880
^568; 880
Dirision.
England and Wales.
Scotland
Ireland
Total for 1887..
Total for 1886 .
Increase
Number of
passengera
conveyed.
880.850,845
02,282,844
28.875.734
416,518.428
884,167,524
82.800,800
Oroaa re-
ceipts.
011,808,735
1.753.030
058.855
14,011.620
18, 151, 000
850,980
Working «x-
poises.
08,697,815
1.302,586
713,110
10. 712, 010
10,107.780
604,330
Net
receipts.
03.606.411
451.845
241,845
3,280.610
3.043.010
365,700
POPULATION.
The return of the registrar-general of hirths, marriages^ and deaths for 1887, com-
Sletes fifty years of registration. The act estahlishing civil registration of births,
eaths, and marriag<» came into operation Jnly 1, 1837. The history of this act is of
interest. It was not passed withont considerable opposition, emanating chiefly from
the cler^, among them being the then archbishop of Canterbury, who contended that
the nnedncated olaeass would be led by it to neglect baptism, but who were, probably,
EUROPE — UNltED KINGDOM.
447
more partionlarly inflaonced by tlie fact that the fees payable for oertifioates of
baptiHtiis, bnrtal8,OT marriages wonld heDoeforth be diverted from the gaardians of
the paritih registers to the gen«^ra1 register office, or the local registrars.
Ou the other hand, the medical and legal professions were both in favor of the
measure. The anticipated benefits likely to resalt fcom the registration of the caasea
of death to tie medical profession, in the lansnage of a circular issued by the presi-
dents of the Royal Colleges of Physicians and *A surgeons and the master of the society
of apothecaries, was ** a more accurate knowledge, not only of the comparative pre-
valence of various mortal diseases, as regards the whole of England and Wales, out
also of tbe localities in which they respectively prevail, and the age, sex, and condition
of life which each principally a£fect8," and it was through knowledge thus obtained by
the accumulation and classification of registered facts that the excess of mortality from
certain forms of diseases was almost invariably associated with certain ascertainable
external conditions, and that sanitary' reformers were able to devise remedial meas-
ures and to bring them to bear on unhealthy localities with such precision as to give
a fair chance of success. " But,'' the registrar-seneral savs, ** it may be pointed out
that a far greater benefit than any foreseen by the medical authorities, as fairly to be
anticipated from a system of registration, has in reality already been obtained from
it, namely, an addition of more than two years to the average span of life of the in-
habitants of England and Wales.''
The act commended itself to the legal profession because of the facilities afforded
in cases of uncertain or disputed inheritance, where it was necessary to trace back
pedigrees and prove the occurrence of either births or deaths. In confirmation of
this, it is pointed out that in 1887 there were no less than 37,168 searches in the reg-
isters kept in the general resistor ofiice and 27,110 certificates issued, mostly for legal
purposes and that each of these searches cost the searcher, on tho average, only ten
minutes in time and U. (25 cents) in money, instead of ** the immense delay and ex-
pense of going all over the Kingdom to find, in the m%|ority of cases, the search to
be after all unsnccessfnl," as an eminent lawyer said in the debate on the act.
Tbe births registered in 1887 numbered 886,331, and were in the proportion of 31. 4
to 1,000 persons living, the lowest rate recorded since registration was instituted.
The deaths numbered 530,758, a proportion of 18.8 to 1,000 persons living, the lowest
death-rate yet recorded, the next lowest having been 18.9 in 1881.
The following table gives the registered causes of death :
Maridlity from the several olaatee of di
in 1887.
Total
deattaa Id
1887.
Bate permUlion livliii;.
CantM of death.
1887.
1886.
1885.
1884.
1883.
1882.
1881.
Mean
1871-80.
Zymotio diseases
Paraaitio diaeaaea
Dietetic diaeaaea. ....
ConstitntioDal diaeaaea. .
Devcloproental diaeaaea. .
liOeal diaeaaea
75,205
824
1.765
89,404
43.933
274,637
18,125
26,965
2,660
29
63
8,166
1,555
9,720
642
955
2.648
85
59
3,330
1.618
9,915
626
1,047
2,607
30
59
3,276
1.508
9,908
625
1,007
3,094
88
58
8,404
1,574
9,548
651
1,149
2,639
89
66
8.407
1,632
9,890
675
1,188
8,088
87
68
8,395
1.558
9.591
669
1,164
%660
^ 39
66
3, .128
1, .-82
9,348
097
1,160
3,724
57
68
3.694
1.674
9,9j0
786
Violriice
lUdeflued andnotapeoi-
fled oansea ...........
1,616
All oaoaes. ....... .
580,758
18,790
19,278
19, 010
19.511
19,536
19,660
18,880
21,878
Estimated population of ike United Kingdom, exclusive of the portions of the Army, Navy,
and merchant serviee abroad.
Diviaioiis.
1886.
1887.
Hales.
Femalea.
TotsL
Halea.
Femalea.
Total.
IPnftland And Walea. ........
18, 562, 621
1,911.997
2,896,630
14,307,965
2,087.396
2,482,868
27,870,586
3, 949. 393
4,889,498
18,745,868
1,934,215
2.371,040
14, 501. 283
2,057,284
2,466,273
28, 247, 151
3,991,499
4,837,313
Scotland..
Ireland .....................
Total
17,871,248
18,838,220
36,709,477
18, 051, 123
19, 024, 840
37, 075) 963
448
COMMERCniL RELATIONS.
Tlio marriagefl rogistered in 1887 nambered 200,518, {i^iving a rate of 14.2 persons
niarriod to l,(jSo living, the lowest rate recorded sinoe oitU registration began, with
the exc<«ptiou of 1886, when it was U.l. The following table gives the ages of 188,1^
coaples at time of marriage:
Age% of 188,164 of tJke men and tooflMa wko inUrmarried in (^ year 1887.
[The table read y«rtioaIly shows th« nnmber of wives at each ase, with the ages of tfaoir hnsbeods at
marriaiee. Read horiaontally it showa the number of husbands at each age, with the ages of their
wives at marrlafre.]
•
Ages of husbands.
Ages of wives.
16.
16.
17.
18.
10.
20.
81.
25.
80.
3&
15
16
1
18
118
225
247
694
209
43
11
5
4
2
18
24
800
056
1,148
3,667
818
153
42
10
3
1
8
6
146
L072
2.156
7.460
2,012
284
86
20
1
4
87
666
2,181
10,773
3,362
603
130
55
17
5
8
2
1
5
104
627
2,466
42,038
28,602
6^173
1,336
397
166
63
20
18
8
4
17
2
2
2
4
13
3
3
1
3
11
20
20
75
32
13
3
18
18
73
286
7,0M
2.628
IS
166
68
46
11
4
1
8
8
26
800
3.681
4,fi2l
2,311
1.287
570
284
131
60
28
11
1
19
20
5
21
136
26
691
30
1,39S
2,028
1,200
801
36
40
45
50
388
65
214
60
1
......
• • •*
3
93
65
35
70
11
76
5
80
1
1
85 and upwards.......
2
Total wives
31
187
1,677
7,029
13,248
17,780
76,008
40,987
13,773
«•»«
Ages of wives.
Total
hus-
bands.
Ages of husbands.
40.
46.
60.
65.
60.
66.
70.
76.
80.
86
and up-
wards.
16
7
.... 62
18
TB7
•
3.549
8,589
74,908
5iv684
10 752
20
3
37
184
375
754
1.174
824
529
308
101
63
18
9
1
10
28
74
234
443
743
693
398
196
101
82
11
2
2o
3
17
33
95
225
433
314
291
123
41
6
4
1
2
6
20
62
131
314
234
112
36
7
2
2
35
3
6
18
30
64
206
03
47
10
4
9.505
5.500
3,817
2,637
1.854
1,388
655
1
1
11
18
42
73
35
13
8
« •
1
45
2
1
4
6
20
3
2
1
55
3
1
8
4
65
1
1
265
76
69
18
85 Rnd uD wards .......
I
1
8
Total wives —
4,420
2,868
1,585
929
492
197
88
12
1
2
188^164
T^
EUEOPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
449
Population, marriages, hirthB, and deaths in ike United Kingdom,
DiTliion.
1880.
Ennluid tokd Wales
Scotland
Ireland ,
Total
1887.
Xngland
Scotland ,
Ireland
Total
Knmben.
Estimated
population.*
27,870,586
8, 940. 393
4.889,498
30,709.477
28, 247, 151
8,991,499
4,837,813
37, 075, 963
Mar-
.rta^es.
198,071
24,469
29.694
241,134
200.518
24^851
20,945
246^ 814
Persons
married.
392,142
48^938
41,188
482,268
401.030
49,702
41.890
492,628
Births-t
903,760
127,927
118,927
1, 145, 614
886.331
124.375
112,400
1,123,106
DeathB.t
537, 276
rd,022
87,292
098,190
530.758
74.500
88,585
093,843
Propoition per
1,000 of the
population.
14.1
12.4
8.4
13.1
14.2
12.5
8,1
18.8
82.4
32.4
23.8
31.3
31.4
31.2
23.2
30.3
&
10.3
l&O
17.9
19.0
18.8
ia7
18.3
1&7
* In Uie middle of each year. t Exolusive of still- bom.
Strength and mortality in the Army, Navy^ and merchant servioe.
Class.
1888.
Army
Nary
Ml rcbant service
Strength.
203. 805
46, 770
204, 47u
Deaths.
2,813
322
3,546
Proportion
of deaths
per 1,000.
13.8
6.0
17.3
1887.
Strength.
209, 574
48.410
202, 543
Deaths.
2,006
403
Proportion
of deaths
per 1,000.
9.6
8.3
EMIGRATION.
The total namber of persons emiffrating from the United Kingdom in 1887 to all
parte oat of Europe was 396,494, ol whom 281,467 were of British and Irish origin.
Deducting the nnmber of immigrants, 119,013 (85,475 of whom were of British and
Irish origin), it will be foand that the net emigration was 277,481.
Of the total British and Irish emigration 60 per cent, were English, 12 per cent.
Scotch, apd 28 per cent. Irish. Of the whole namber of British ana Irish 72 per cent,
went to the United States, 12 per cent, to the Australasian colonies, and 11 per cent,
to British North America. Of the English emigration, 63.6 per cent., and of Irish,
87.6 per cent, was to the United States.
The following interesting table, compiled from the census returns of the United
States, Canada, aii^ the Australian colonies by the board of trade, shows the namber
of persons born in the United Kingdom, forming part of the population of the coun-
tries mentioned :
Table showing the namber of persons bom in the United Kingdom, forming part of the
population of the under-mentioned countries.
Country.
United SUtee
Canada
Australia:
New South Wales .
Victoria
South Australia...
Queensland
Western Australia
Tasmania
New Zealand
Population.
50, 155, 783
4, 324, 810
751,468
862,346
286. 211
213, 525
32,054
ll.\705
534, 030
Persons bom in-*
England.
747,462
169,504
110,674
147, 453
59.151
37. 390
6,760
17, 307
121, 1«7
Scotland.
170,186
116,063
25,079
48.153
10.637
9,020
732
3,744
52.753
Ireland.
1,854,571
185,626
69,192
86.733
18,246
28.295
2.975
7,192
49.363
Total
horn in the
United
Kingdom.
2,772,169
470,092
20i945
282,339
88,034
75,614
10,467
28,243
223,303
Percentage
of popula-
tion bom in
the United
Kingdom.
5.5
10.9
27.3
82.7
80.8
85.4
82.6
24.4
41.8
10611 O Br
-29
450
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Number, naUonalUify ^^^ desHnation o/pa89eng€ri leaving ike United Kimgdom for placn
o^i of Europe in 1867.
KationaUty.
Kngliak
Sootch
Iriah
Total British and Irish
Foreiffoers
"Not oistiniiuished
Grand total
To-
United
SUtea.
107. 0«9
25, 373
09,084
201,626
92.904
2.381
296.901
BriiUh
North
America.
34,611
3,612
3,802
32,025
12,381
44,406
Aaslxal-
25,085
8,847
5,251
84.183
1,015
35,108
Cape of
Good
Hope
and-
Natal.
4,378
463
68
4,909
748
6^658
All
other
placeH.
7,078
1,070
696
8,844
1.433
4.054
14,331
TotaL
1887.
168,221
34.365
78,901
281.487
108.572
6.435
896,494
1881
140,301
25,323
61,276
232.900
94,379
3,531
330.801
Number of persons arriving in the United Kingdom from places out of Europe.
Nationality.
British and Irish.
Fureiffners
Not di8tinguij)be<1
Total
Countriee whenoe arrived.
United
SUtes.
58,343
20, 76'
855
88,948
British
North
America.
6,848
186
7,034
Anstral-
10.258
884
10,502
Cape of
Good
Hope
and
Natal.
8^086
638
8,624
AU
other
plaeea.
6,940
1,200
675
8,816
TotaL
1887.
85,475
82,008
1,530
119,018
1881
80.018
28; 474
387
108^879
CRIMINAL STATISTICS.
Tbere has been a conttnnons decrease in alJ parts of the Kingdom in the number of
persons com mi tied for trial during the last decade. In 1878 the total namberwas
23,477, or 1 in every 1,446 of the popniation ; in 1887 the nnmber was 18,^05, or 1 in
every 2,025 of the popniation. This satisfactory diminution in crime ia nndonbtedly
the result of the spread of education 'among the masses. This is particularly shown
in the statistics giving the number of persons summarily proceeded against. The
total number for England and Wales was 663,887, of which 134,501 were acquitted,
382,553 fined, and the remainder sentenced to short terms of imprisonment or sent to
reformatories. Of all the prisoners, 43,366 of them could neither read nor write. 116,-
060 could read or read and write imperfectly, 3,575 could read and write well, and
115 were of '* superior education.'' The cases of drunkenness show a continuance of
the falling; off observed in recent years, the number having decreased from 165,139 in
1886 to 162,772 in 1887.
In Ireland 47 per cent, of the women prisoners and 30 per cent, of the men were
unable to read or write.
The total number of police in the United Kingdom in 1887 was 54^81, costing |28,-
285,140, an increase of 553 men and 1^21,525 compared with 1886. The proportion of
police to the population was in England and Wales 1 in 735, in Scotland 1 in 1,026,
and in Ireland 1 in 346.
Tk
EUBOPE — UNITBD KINODOH.
451
Criminal returns.
DiTipion.
England and Wales
tk'otlNnd
Ireland
Total
Total in 1886 .
Decrease
Committed for triaL
Malea.
11,162
1.962
2,309
16,433
r.oio
Femalee.
2,180
367
385
2,882
3,013
131
Total.
18.
2.319
2,694
18,805
19,446
1,141
CoATioted.
10,889
1,809
1,411
13,558
14,143
565
Acquitted.
9; 896
549
1,114
4,559
5,045
486
Number of pappera (exclusive of vagrants) in receipt of relief in the United Kingdom on
a certain day in 1887.
A
Adult, able-bodied.
All other paupers.
Total.
Cenaua taken.
Indoor.
Out-
door.
ToUl.
Indoor.
Out-
door.
Total.
Indoor.
Out-
door.
TotaL
England and Walee, Jan-
uary 1, 1^88
28,637
83,896
112,633
58,668
7,866
172,029
540,947
712,976
83,888
41.247
200,066
624,843
8»,509
92,071
113,947
Scotland. May 14. 1887. . .
Ireland, end of first week
in Jannary, 1888
7,866
41,247
49,118
64,834
689,677
678,144
Total
Total in 1886
36,503
38,436
83,896
83,911
179, 082
176,245
213,276
209,569
640,947
529,282
787,611
772,766
249,779
243.005
6,774
1,031,627
1,008,962
]ncr(>ase ................
8,067
is'
2,837
3,707
11,666
14,815
16.638
22,565
Ut-iireaee
Kora.— The proportion of paupers to the total population was, in 1880, 1 to 86.7 ; in 1867, 1 to 39.
Amount expended in relief of the poor,
England and Wales....! 140,888,840
Scotland 4,495^675
Ireland 6,841.650
ToUl 62,221,165
Primary schools in the United Kingdom.
Diyisions.
England and Wales
Scotland
Ireland
Totol
Total in 1886.
Increase
Knmber
of schools In-
8i>eoted.
19,154
8,111
8,112
80,877
30, 188
239
Number of
children who
can be accom-
modated.
6,278,999
677,984
1,071,768
7,028,744
6,906,488
120,266
Average
number of
children in at<
tendance.
8,827,881
491,735
616.388
4,634.604
4,406,799
126,706
Number
of children
present at in-
spection.
4» 191^614
659,491
560,839
6.a01,8«4
6,147,091
158,863
Parliamentary grants.
Snglan? and Wales and Scotland $20,057,320
Ireland] 4.560,646
Total 24,617,965
Increase over 1886 *,.*•..« ,.,, .,.,•.., , 1,431,009
452
COMMERCIAL BELATIONS.
Polic9. 1887.
Division.
CoaL
Engluid and Wales
Sootla&d
Ireland
Total
M,913
a, 802
13.977
54,781
$18,568,665
1,876.055
7,M«,420
28.285^140
PATBin:8.
The uiimber of applications for patents in 1887 amounted to 18,051, an increaae of 5
per cent, over 1886, and exceeded the number applied for in any previous year. The
proportion of applications made by persons resident in the United Kingdom amounted
to 76 per cent., from persons resident in the United States to 9 per cent., and from
other countries to 15 per cent. Of the applications of the year 1886, 53 per cent, were
l>rocceded with, as compared with 54 per cent, in 1885.
The following table shows the number of applications for patents from persons re-
siding in the United Kingdom and in yarious countries and colonies in the years 1884
to 1887, inclnsive:
ApplUsathni fw paUmtSy 18d4-'87.
From persons re«i>
dent in—
England and Wales. .
Scotlund
iTOland
United Kinjcdom
United States
Germany
France
AiMtria
I:(«li<iain
SwritxtTland
Caniida
Sweden
India
Itoly
Bussia
Holland'
Denmark
Victoria
Spain
New Zealand
New South Wales ..
Norway!
Cape of Good Hope.
Brazil
West Indies
Turkey
Sooth Anstralia
Algiers
Egypt
Natal
Nowfunndland
1884.
12,356
901
254
13.611
1,181
890
788
151
114
67
68
42
40
88
88
81
25
19
17
16
14
8
7
7
6
4
i
8
8
8
2
1885.
11.254
005
208
12,867
1.882
869
701
166
121
56
80
41
26
86
41
29
24
22
23
25
15
7
10
4
6
2
6
4
4
1886.
12.040
972
232
13.253
1.447
871
728
146
144
68
128
40
88
88
80
22
20
25
25
31
18
11
3
5
9
5
2
1887.
12,618
916
257
8
1
2
18,791
1,632
961
762
165
137
76
97
47
28
81
35
83
85
89
21
88
24
7
1
14
4
7
10
1
3
From persons resi'
dent in —
Japan
Portugal
A rgentine Bepnbllo
Gibraltai
South Ameiioa
Barmah
Mexico
Guatemala
Sicily
Asia Minor
British Guiana
Oneenaland
0 hannel Islands —
Isle of Man
China
Straits Settlements
Fiji
Maaritius
Tasmania
Ceylon •
Koamania
Java
Sandwich Islands . .
South Africa
Seychelle Islands . .
West AlHoa
Formosa
West Australia....
Madeira
Total
1884.
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
17, 110
1885.
8
2
6
12
6
8
2
1
1
1
1
16,101
1886.
1
6
4
10
2
2
1
1887.
5
2
1
2
6
6
2
2
6
1
a
2
8
17.176
1
1
1
2
6
9
5
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
1
18,051
Total number of appUcafiont for patenU^ designSf and tradt-marks in ldd4-'87.
Years.
1981
1895
18fl6
1867
Patents.
Designs. •
Single.
Sets.
17, 110
16,101
17,176
18,051
19. 515
20,388
23,717
25,734
238
-837
324
309
Ttade-
marks.
7,104
8,026
10,677
10,564
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM. 453
HUMIDITY.
«
Afcan relative humidUy of the atmosphere for each month of the year ending September , 1888.
[Royal ObBonratory, Greenvloh, W. A. M. Christie, esq., M. A., F. R. 8.]
Month.
Mean rel-
ative
humidity. *
1887.
October
November
December
1888.
Janiiary
Febraary
82
89
86
88
79
Month.
. 1888.
March
April
May
Jnne .J..
Jnly
A'ui^st
September
Mean rel*
ative
humidity.*
81
80
69
78
84
80
84
^Complete aataration s= 100.
Thomas M. Waxleb,
Consul' GeneraL
United States Consulate-General,
London J January 31, 1889.
FALMOUTH.
BBPORT BY 00N8UL FOX FOR THE YEAH ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 188&
THE PILCHARD FI8HKRT.
The past seaaoD. 1887- 88, was marked by one of the smallest catches of pilchards
for luaoy years, the total quantity secared being only about 8,000 hogsheads. This
is a striking contrast to the previons season, when Just three times this qaantity was
lauded, viz : 23,500 hogsheads. It is noteworthy that not a single hogshead was
secured by the seine-boats, all the fish having been obtained by the driit-nel boats.
The seining industry has been declining for many years, but this is the first time
within reeollection that such a record as this is shown.
The ezportations of pilchards to Italy consisted of 10,447 hogsheads. This included
a large quantity remaining over from the previous season. About 700 to 900 hogs^
heads of this past season's catch also remain over in England and Italy to await the
approaching season.
Messrs. G. C. Fox &. Co.'s annual circular (dated Falmouth, May 3, 1888) contains
the following pilchard statistics :
''Last year we had to record the largest catch for fourteen years; now we must
report one of the smallest catches for many years. On a previons occasion we called
attention to the decadence of the seine fishery, but for the first time within our
knowledge a season passed without any pilchards being caught by seines. This in-
dustry belongs chiefly to West Cornwall.
"The season began with an estimated stock in Italy and on this side of 4,000 to
4,500 hogsheads. The low prices at the close of the previons season tended to lessen
the quantity of summer fish caught and cured in lixi7, which was only about 1,300
hogsheads, and sold at|10.20 to $10.95 per hogshead tocurers. As October and No-
vember passed without the usual good catches, a rush was made by dealers in Novem-
ber to obtain fish, and $19.46 to $20.67 to curers was freely paid, and even $21.90 and
more was given. Prices soon after fell in Italy, and during December and January
declined on this side to $14.60 per hogshead to curers.
" The total catch this season was about 8,000 hogsheads, of which 200 to 300 hogs-
.Ireads remain in pickle in Italy and 500 to 600 hogsheads on this side. Nearly all this
season's fish were pickled and packed in half-hogsheads.''
454
COMMERCIAL RELATlOKa.
MINKS AND MIKKRAL8.
Afiiiei.— Cornish miniog, m compared with late years, has beea fairly brisk, owing
to the high price of tin and copper.
I transmit particulars of the prodnoe of the mines, etc., of Cornwall for the year
ending December 31, 1887. No later returns are published :
Jr$enie and arsenical ppritet. — ^The total quantity obtained was 1,763 tons, and the
Talne of same at the mines was $49,730.75.
China clajf and China atone.— The total quantity obtained was 314,790 tons, and Ihe
Talue of same at the open works was $1,148,936.85.
Copfmr ors dreued. — The total quantity obtained was 3,415 tons, and the yalne at
the mine $49,000.78. The amount of metal obtainable by smelting was 358 tons.
Copper mn^piiate, — ^The total quantity was 6^ tons only, and the yalue at the mine
$389.32. The amount of metal obtainable bv smelting was 2^ tons.
Manganese ore.— The total quantity obtained was 387 tons, and the value at the
mine was $5,124.42.
SUUee and «{a6«.— The total quantity obtained was 12,641 tons, and the ralue of
same at the mines and quarries was $121,818.22.
Iin» — ^Tin ore, dressed, obtained from tne mines, amounted 12,740.14 tons, valned at
the mines at $3,939, 145.95. Tin ore obtained from open works amounted to 63.6 tons,
yalued at the works at $17,908.72. Tin ore obtained from foreshores and from the
refuse of dressing floors amounted to 1,278.11 tons, valued at the works at $287,580.93.
The quantity of tin obtained from the three above-mentioned quantities by smelting
was 8,406 tons 4 owt., 41 tons 10 cwt., and 767 tons 2 cwt., respectiyely, making a
total of 9,214 tons 16 cwt.
Tnngetate o/eoda, — Only 1 ton was obtained, and its value at the mine was $116.79.
Wolfram. — The total quantity obtained was 54 tons, and the value of same at the
mines was $6,175.58.
Zino ors.— The total quantity obtained was 649 tons, and the value of same at the
mines was $3,873.72.
The amount of sine obtained by smelting was 228 tons.
FALMOUTQ AS A PORT OF GALL.
Following is a return of vessels of all nations arriving at Falmouth during the year
ending December 31, 1887, exclusive of ships of war and coascers:
Kationality.
British
Norwegian
Gemiiftii
Italian
DanlBh
Swedish
French
Dutch
AastrlBJi
▲mericAD
Number
of sbipe.
Tonnage.
e34
495,227
195
78,948
170
84.410
109
63,218 !
78
17,4<)5
48
18. 220
35
27,790
35
15,290
17
10.324
U
13,998
Nationality.
Russian . . . .
Spanish ....
Drarilliin...
Greek
Hclgiiin
Arireutine..
Tnrlcish ...
Portuguese
Mexican ...
Total.
Narober
ofahips.
9
8
8
2
1
1
1
1
1
1.850
Tonoage.
6^193
5,268
1.S94
63
1,903
440
43S
420
201
840, 6W
The number of such arrivals during 1886 was 1,530, with an aggregate tonnage of
979,721. The present return therefore Indicates a falling off of 171 in the number of
ships and of 139,091 in the tonnage.
In 1886, 17 American vessels, with an aggregate tonnage of 23,454, arrived here.
It will thus bo seen that by the present roturn there has been a decrease of 6 ships,
with a tonnage of 9,456.
IMPORTS.
The Imports from the United States in three British vessels amounts to 1,846 tons,
and consisted of phosphate rock, flour, and timber.
For a similar period last year, viz, October I to September 30, the number of such
vessels was the same, but their tonnage amounted te 4,364 tons.
Complete details of the imports from countries other than the Uitited States can
on.y be obtained from the cudtoms, who will not supply them without paymeut. I
have, however, collected the following particulars, which will afford a general idos
of this subject.
1 am unable to obtain information of a similar character iu respect to such im-
ports in other parts of my consular district.
i
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
455
Caigoet.
Oxen, eg{(ft, onlong, and copper pyrites...
Wheat, tin ore, phoaphate, and oniona ..,
Oata, barley, and maixe
Wheat, oate, barley, and potatoes
Timber ,
Oats, timber
Saitar
Maize, bonea, and timber
Phosphate roolc
Bones
Salt :....
I'hosphate
Mi^aeand barley
Whence imported,
Spain
France
Bitasia
Germany
Norway
Sweden
Holland
Argentine Bepnblic
Hiiyti
Brazil
Portugal
Belffinm
Rooinanta
Komber
of
Tessolfl.
59
9
8
6
8
8
3
8
2
1
1
1
8
111
Tlie namber of vessels for the correspondiug period last year (October 1 to Septem-
ber 30) was 96.
Value of declared exports from the consular dietriei of Falmouth to the United States during
the four quarters of the year ending September 30, 1888.
•
Qaarter ending —
Total for
Articles.
Dec. 31,
1887.
Mar. 31,
1888.
Jnne 30,
188a
Sept 30,
1888.
the year
Araenio .................................
$958.56
li, 551. 27
$1,149.37
5.298.35
2,778.76
$3,048.16
35, 473. 56
$5,156.00
60, 001. 30
2.778.76
291.99
nil in A rlAv
$i.788.21
Otl'Baintinflra ......................
Bock-drills
291.90
0, 183. 44
Tin
9. 1^. 44
Total in U. H. sold
$15,509.83
16. 921. 35
$9,226.48
5 670. 81
$4,738.21
17,768.08
$47,007.15
7,742.80
$77,471.67
46,113.13
Total for vreoedinir vear- - ^ . , r , r - -
Increase
5.555.67
40,254.26
31, 368. 54
Deoreaae -
$i,4ii.'52
13,029.87
THB HARVB8T.
The harvest is nearly completed in. this district. We have experienced a very wet
summer, consequently the grain crop is below the average, whilst, on the other hand,
straw is above the average.
The root crop promises to be a heavy one.
The nnbroken period of fine weather which has extended over the past three
weeks has been most welcome to farmers and agriculturalists generally, and has en-
abled most of them to complete their respective harvests.
Howard Fox,
Consul,
United States Consulate.
Falmouth, October 1, 1888.
LEEDS.
BEPORT BT CONSUL WIOFALL, OF LEEDS, FOR TEE TEAR 1883.
In transmitting form D (exports declared for the United States) with tabulated
st<atement of exports for the Leeds consular district for the year ending September
30, 1888, 1 beg leave to submit the foUowiug summary view of the trade conditions
now obtaining here.
Examination of the figures afforded by Form D for a series of five years last past
shows some results set forth below :
456
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Number ofinvoicet certified each year, stated in the order of the annual numhere.
YeM ending September 30.
1888
1887
1886
H'8*
1885
Fire yean
Leeds.
1,710
1,636
1,403
1,472
1,
7,409
Haddera-
field.
2,348
2.231
2,229
2.101
1,684
10,488
District.
3,989
a,70:{
3, SOT
2.7W
17,802
Declared value ofinvoioea in order of annual am&unte.
Year ending September 30.
1888
1887
irao
1884
1885
Fire years
Leeds.
$2,054,068
1,030,260
1.848,313
1,642,367
1,207,645
8,778,588
Hodders-
fleld.
$3,024,089
8.866,497
3, 761, 341
8,831,108
2,586,401
17, 408; 621
Dtotrict
$5.921.4JiO
«.854.340
5t 403, 708
5, 170, 506
8.884.046
16^243,059
Average value per invoice in order of annual averages.
Year ending September 80.
Leeds.
Hndders-
fleld.
District.
1886.
•
$1,280
1,202
1,181
1.180
1,116
$1,74«
1,735
1,686
1,586
1,636
$1,607
1888.
LS03
jsa^ --_
1,459
1,443
1K87.
1884.
A.yenge 5 yearn.
1,306
1,184
1,665
1,466
In the series of five years hero represented the present year^ 1888, shows largest in
namber of invoioes certified for the whole consular district, and largest also in amonnt
of declared value, but second only in average value per in voice, ooth of the latter
items being also for the wh?le district.
For the Leeds office alone the present year is first in number of invoices and first iu
amonnt of declared value, but second in average value.
The Hnddersfield agency gives the present year third place in point of number of
invoices, and second place each for total declared amount and for average value per
invoice.
In the annual report made from this consulate In 1885 a check in the decline of
exports hence to the United States was alluded to as having come abont duringtho
then current year, and a slight tendency toward upward movement was noted. TIiIh
proved the precursor of a turn in the tide which was marked in my report of Auisnst
17, 1886,. as possibly then about to take place, if not having already occurred. The
subsequent course of events has been consistent with these indications, and report
has been made upon their progress accordingly. In the annual statement for last
year the fact was adverted to that the revival in trade continued to gain strengtii,
and that extensive changes of condition, when such should come about, might reasou-
:il)1y be expected to occur in the direction of improvement.
Such has unmistakably been the case, and the current of commercial pixMperlty
seems now to have set forward broadly and boldly throughout Euglaod.
Kvery trade has begun to feel the stimulating effect, and while the labor strikes
liiking place and threatened in difierent quarters are to be interpreted as evidence of
the growing belief in the advent of better times amohg the wai^e enniingclasHes, thia
witness is strengthened by the wide-spread success which the demands of the work-
ingmen have met with; by the vokintarv advances made in some instances by em-
ployers ; and also by the difficulty of imincing united action In the way of short time
when such is attempted, which has, for example, been experienced in the neighbor-
ing district of Lancashire with the effort to curtail cotton consumption.
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
457
A notable featnre in tbe p:enoral bnsiness of the kingdom baa boon tbe organization
of stock companieSi of wbich tbe creations for the year were reported last month to
baye reached £130,000,000 since the first of the year ; an increase over tbe same period
of the year before anionntiug to aboat £53,000,000. Further activity was then ex-
pected ; nor has the expectation been disappointed.
The comparative failure of the harvest is commented on as tending to increase dis-
tress among the laboring classes ; but its effect will probably be local only^ and be
more than compensated, as regards the mass of the population, by the improved con-
dition of the converting trades, whose influence in England so much outweighs that
of the agricnltural indnstries. The increase in the price of grain itself wul, in all
likelihood, more than make np for any deficiency in yield ; and in some of tbe minor
crops, indeed, there is no room for complaint evea as to quantity. Good planting
prospects for the coming wheat crop are announced, with tne possibility of increased
acreage.
Taking the prospect as a whole there is every sign that England has fully entered
on a period of commercial prosperity which is well founded and likely to contintie.
Values have touched bottom in land, money, and products; and barring the raalefi-
f ent influence of undue speculation, there should be a series of good years for all
) ranches of industry.
F. H. WlQFALL, ^
United Statbs Consulate,
Leeds, October 29, 188a
Falue of declared exports fl'om the Consular district of Leeds to the United States, during
the four quarters of the year ending September 30, 1888.
Artioloa.
Qaartera ending-
Dec 31, 1887.
Cards
Cbemicalfl and dye*stuffii
Confectionery
Cottons
Cotton and mohair
Cottons, sewing
Cotton velTets
Earthenware, bricks, etc
Fustians
6reHse,eto
Hair, wool, etc
Leather and glue
Linens, twines, oto
Linens and cottons
Medals, machinery, etc
Mohair ,
Miscellaneons
Paper and twine
Psper-ban^lings
Shawls, etc
Silk and cotton
Silk, cotton, andjnohair
Silk and mohair seals
Silk and worstead..
Skins, furs, etc
Stationery
Woolens, etc
'Woolens, worsteds, cottons, etc
Worsteds, eto
Total in United States
gold
Total for preceding year
Increase. .
Decrease .
$26, 550. 98
5. 630. 24
7, 152. 58
Mar. 31, 188a
14, 066 95
3, 407. 06
20.019 93
10, 407. 14
1. 678. 50
70,531.27
5.561.95
10,059.41
6, 667. 31
76,066.80
8,695 99
783.89
1, 500. 11
2,943.16
180,693.45
1,988.02
22,031.01
3. 41K). 10
nSt, 160. 60
208, 572. 30
448,600.08
1, 529, 060. 03
1. 383, 185. 32
145, 874. 77
$360.12
33, 618. 35
3, 104. 11
14,725.75
10, 320. 12
6, r20. 88
26, 546. 94
1. 170. 76
4.861.18
107, 581. 67
4. 293. 88
7, 302. 85
4, 052. 25
90,79L48
625. 25
2,49L02
!.'». 40
6,106.07
7, 265. 30
1,105.39
174, 705. 27
1, li'6. 31
18, 233. 07
824.14
460, 790. 25
120. U14. 52
415,374.46
1, 522, 046. 28
1,531,149.19
8,202.91
Jane 30, 1888.
f27. 231. 35
5, 647. 90
6.642.78
7, 075. 15
24, 107. 25
1, 675. 43
27,248.26
1, 184. 46
76, 698. 66
8, 27U. 93
2,814.42
29.472.10
310, 560. 29
64, 569. 18
464,257.66
1, P87, 027. 93
1, 304, 682. 29
22,845.64
Sept. 30, 1888.
$27, 199. 66
2,448.50
6,205.12
'"28,'946*66"
7,635.28
24,945.26
1, 642. 87
108, 851. 24
8,920.92
2,492.11
2, 690. 22
33, 420. 36
35,473.18
2,262.65
1,874.17
985.20
4.352.85
281. 810. 80
7,195.20
7, 775. 55
371,696.16
12,920.80
461. 67
134,885.66
81,433.07
618,518.50
1,482,415.33
1, 575, 331. 87
92,916.54
Total for the
year.
$360.12
114,600.24
16, 020. 75
34,726.23
7,075.15
73.399.98
18. 330. 25
104, 760. 44
11, 577. 89
8. 867. 01
863, 662. 84
27,017.68
28.668.29
13. 409. 78
286, 651. 32
625.25
10, 32.3. 83
1,924.49
7. 606. 18
21, 756. 51
462,504.25
8, 970. 94
546,401.43
3,114.33
82,656.98
4, 776. 90
1, 289, 386. 79
474, 589. 13
1, 046, 746. &0
5,921,449.57
5, 854. 348. 67
67,100.90
458
OOMMERCIAL RELATION&
ZiIVBRPOOL.
ESFOBT BY OOKSXTL RU88ELL FOB TRS TSAB 1887^
I have the honor to transmit herewith the annual oommercial report for the jear
1887, accompanied by twelve tablee of statistics relating to the navigation, com-
merce, etc., of this port.
mPORTB.
The value of foreign and colonial imports amounted to |449^1,d44, which exhib-
ited the marked increase of $17,292,779 compared with 1886.
AMJBRXCAN PRODUCTS.
From merchants and others of high standing who handle largely American prod-
ucts, 1 am enabled to give the movement of the chief products which mled at this
market during the year.
WhraU — At the opening of the year |averaj|[e Californian was selling at 91.88 per
100 pounds, very little variation occurring until the middle of May, ^hen it was $1.94,
which was the highest price reached during the year. A sharp decline then occurred,
and continued until the 30th of August, the price then being $1.46. Several advances
occurred during October and November, which carried the price to $1.70, which was
the price at the close of the year. The price of No. 2 spring wheat at the opening of
the year was $1.82 per 100 pounds, from which time until the beginning of June there
was little variation. A decline in price then occurred and continued until the end
of August, carrying it down to $1.4tj. From this time until the end of the year there
were several increases which carried it to $1.70.
Mixed oom. — ^At the opening of the year mixed com was qnoted $1.09 to $1.15 per
100 pounds. Very little variation occurred until the end of March, when the price
fell to UU cents, which was about the average until the end of July, when a series of
increases commenced and continued uutil tue 6th of December, when it was $1.27 to
$1.33, which was the highest point reached during the year, the prioe at the close
or the year being $1.21 to $1.27.
Linseed oake. — The year opened with Unseed cake selling at $34.06 per ton, and con-
tinued until the 22d of February. A series of decreases then commenced, which car-
ried it down to $'^6.76-$:)7.98 on the 28th of June. An advance of $1.21 per ton oc-
curred during July, from which time until the end of October there was very little
variation. One or two advances in November carried it to $31.62^ which was the price
at the close of the year.
Bacon, — The imports of bacon and hams amounted to 2,409,447 cwt.,and compared
with 1886 exhibits a decrease of 242,254 owt. The following table ahows tbe open-
ing and closing prices of the year :
Desorlption.
Short rib baoon . .
Short clear bacon
I^ng clear bacoD
Opening
of the
year.
$9.11
8.88
8.14
Highest
$11.48
10.46
10.48
Lowest.
$8. TO
8.28
8.U
Cloaeof
the year.
$8.07
10.07
0.86
Lard, — The total import of lard amounted to 636,665 cwt., which compared .with
1686 exhibits an incre ise of 45,698 owt. The year opened with the price at $8.€3,
which fell on the 14th of January to $8.51. Several advances then occurred and con-
tinued until the 11th March, when it reached $9.60. From Uiis time until the begin-
ning of June Keveral decreases occurred which carried it down to $8.26. Very little
variation then occnrred until the mitUlle of October, when a series of increases com-
menced and continued until the close of the year, the price then being $9.73.
Cotton. — The total import of raw cotton amounted to 14,301,496 cwt., and com-
pared with 1886 exhibits an increase of 278,801 cwt. The year opened with good de-
mand at hardening rates, middling bo weds selling at 10.77 oentSj good fair Dhollerah,
8.11 cents, and good fair Egyptian, 13.18 cents. The higltest point of the market for
American cotton during the year was on the 9th and I6th of June, when middling
bo weds was quoted at 12.17 cents, aud the lowest on the 3d of Febmairy, when it was
EtmOPE — UNITED KINQDOU.
459
qaoted At 10.39 cents. The average value of middling bo weds for the year was 11.15
cents. The following table shows the average valne or American and other cottons
daring the years 1886 and 1887 :
Tear.
1R86
1887
MiddliDK
Orleans.
Middling
Texas.
Middling
Bo weds.
Fair
Pernams
Good
fair
Bgypt
Good
fair
Dbolleran
OenU.
10.52
11.28
OenU.
10.52
11.15
OenU.
10.88
11.15
OenU.
10.77
1L28
OenU.
18.06
1419
OenU.
7.98
&11
Good
fkir
Oomra.
OenU.
7:78
8.11
Pelroleum, — With'an exceptionally low stock of refined oil, the market opened in
January at 14.70 cents for favorite brands, advancing before the middleof the month
to 15.20 cents, and then declining, owing to arrival»# to 14.93 cents, and, with further
arrivals, at the end of the month to 14.19 cents. The snppl^, however, continued
small until the end of March and this price was firmly maintaine<l until earl}' April,
when the market gave way and declined to 11.91 cents, remaining thereat, with slight
variation, until early in May, when a further fall to 11.66 cents followed, and at uiis
the market remained almost stationary for four months.
The improvement in the American market, which set in in August, soon reacted up-
on this market, and in September prices advanced to 12.04 cents, declining again be-
fore the end of the month to 1 1 91 cents. From the middle of October, however, when
an upward movement, starting at 12.01 cents was commenced, prices continued steadily
to aovance to the end of they ear, 12.68 cents being reached at the end of October, 12.93
centa during the latter half of November, 13.18 cent.8 early in December, and 14.19 cents
at the close of month. Russian oil during the year has ruled at from 1.01 cents to 2.03
cents per gallon below these prices. The whole of the Russian oil imported last year
was carried in bulk, in tank steamers, the barrels being filled alongside, and this mode
of importation is now by those in the trade pronounced a complete success.
American timlfer, — The imports of pitch-pine exceeded that of the previons year by
40 per cent., but has been less than the average of the three preceding years by 15
per cent. The consumption kept pace with the import, leaving the market moder-
ately stocked. The year commenced with light stocks and a low range of prices. As
the autumn advanced shippers made a determined effort tor higher prices, which was
not responded to until great activity was developed in the northern ship-building
centers ; this resnlted in nnmerous sales at advanced rates. Deals and planks, I am
informed, are at all times dull of sale here and very few suffice for the limited re-
qnirements of the market. Oak in the log was imported to a larger extent tlian in
the previous year and consisted chiefly of large parcels from New Orleans and Mobile,
which went mostly into consumption at fair rates, though considerably under the
price of Canadian wood. Some small lots imported from Baltimore being of good
quality, realized fall prices.
In wagon scantling a very extensive business was done, the import being the
largest on record. In the early part of the season the demand was active and
prices steady, but later supplies became excessive, and prices declined. Of wain-
scot billets there was no import, the demand havmg almost died out. Walnut was
imported to a moderate extent and the demand was fairly steady, and most of the
imports were disposed of without much fluctuation in price. Satin walnut (gumwood)
was imported freely and at first went into consumption at good prices, but later on
the supply overtook the demand and prices fell, the valne at the close of the year
being about 48 to .S4 cents per cubic foot. Whitewood was imported to a larger
extent than in any previons year. This wood I am informed has considerably in-
creased in favor and prices have been fairiy steady, ruling at from 44 to 54 cents for
prime large-sized logs and 40 to 48 cents for planks. Ash was imported to a limited
extent and realized about 42 cents per cubic foot. The import of cherry wood was
small and very little in demand.
Tobacco, — At the opening of the year the tobacco market was very depressed, indeed
almost ]ifeles<«, and continued in this condition until the end of April, when a ray of
hope sprang from the announcement that a reduction of 8 cents per pound duty would
be made. The restriction of moisture in the manufactured article to a maximum of
35 per cent, was also encouraging, as it foreshadowed an increased demand for the raw
material, and besides appears to have met with the general approval of the trade;
latterly, however, I am informed, there appeared signs of change of feeling, owing to
the difficulty of manufacturing, so as to keep within the strict letter of the law, as,
well as to the constant inspections, testings, warnings, and prosecutions on the part'
of the excise. The following table showM the price of American tobaccos in bond for
the past five years during the month of December in each year :
460
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Deacription.
December,
1887.
VJrdnlalenf
y irgi nia striiM
Keutui*ky and \V<>ateni leaf . .
Kentuokv and Western strips
Maryland and Ohio's
OewU.
6 to 36
11 86
9 20
10 28
12 18
December,
1888.
Cents,
6to28
8 28
6 20
8 24
10 18
December,
188&.
OnUa.
6to30
11 38
8 20
11 30
12 18
December, iDecember,
1884. 1883.
(knta.
6 to 30
13 36
10 94
13 30
14 18
Oentg.
BtoSI
12 38
8 24
12 32
U 18
The exports of American tobacco for Liverpool daring 1887 were as follows :
Hogsheads.
Africa 2,284
Halia ,
New York
Isleof Mnn
Rotterdam
Motbonme
Newport News
Bordeaux
(Jlbrailar
Sydney —
Christiana
107
101
66
66
65
67
5
4
65
44
Jersey
Adelaide ....
Gaemsey ...
Antwerp...,
Tobago
Montevideo.
Natal
Bremen
Hogsheads.
14
13
10
10
s
4
2
1
Total
2,923
BANK RATES.
The Bank or England rate of disconnt, which at the opening of the year was 5 per
cent., decreased on the 3d of Febrnary to 4 per cent., on March 10 to 3Jr per cent., on
March 24 to 3 per cent., on April 4 to 2^, and again on April 28 to 2 per cent., at
which rate it remained until August 4, when it increased to 3 per cent., and again on
September 1 to 4 per cent. ; which was the rate up to the close of the year.
EXPORTS.
The exports of the produce of the United Kingdom amounted to $444,358,970, and
exhibited the marked increase of |26,v56,524 compared with 1886.
Table No. 3 shows the quantities so exported and the flnotuations therein compared
with 1886, from which it will be observed that the principal increases are cotton
yam, 6,465,600 pounds; all sorts of cotton manufactures (other than piece goods),
$2,116,015; linen manufactures (piece goods), 2,8.12,500 yards; machinery and mill
work of all sorts, $2,765,315; woolen and worsted coatings and stnffs, 3,755,700 yards;
Hi Ik manufactures of all sorts, $1,096,054; haberdashery and millinery, $539,19:1;
hardware and cutlery (unenumerated), $546,478 ; flannels and carpets, 9(^,400 yanU.
The principal decreases occurred in cotton manufactures (piece goods) ,K),195,100
yards; Jute (piece goods), 4,290,400 yards; Jute yarn, 2,124,300 pounds, and wool
and worsted yarn, 1,538,100 pounds.
Table No. 4 shows the quantities of foreign and colonial produce exported dnring
tlie years 1886 and 1887, and the fluctuations in the export of each product.
Table No. 5 shows the description and value of the declared exports f^om this con-
sular district to the United States during the year ending June 30, 1888, to be
$33,987,908.90, an increase of |2,.')0l,684.87 on the previoua.yea]f.
NAVIGATION AND SHIPPING.
The annual statement of the navigation and shipping of the United Kingdom (a
Qovernment publication) shows that during 1887 (see Table 6) there entered this port
from foreign countries and British Possessions 4,477 vessels of 5,186, 3S0 tons, of which
1,350 of 935,315 tons were sailing, and 3,127 of 4,251,078 tons, steamers; and there
cleared 4,005 vessels of 4,758,825 tons, of which 1,298 vessels of 946,3394;ons were sail-
ing, and 2,707 vessels of 3,812,186 tons were steamers.
There also entered in the coastwise trade 13,342 vessels of 2,754,405 tons, of which
3,408 vessels of 410,792 tons were sailing, and 9,934 vessels of 2,343,615 tons, steamers.
These figures compared with 1686 show an increase in arrivals from foreign ctiuu-
tries and British PosseKsions of 110 vossels or 168,578 tons, and in the clearances a d&
crease of 14 vessels, with an increase of 44,171 tons.
The nationalities which showed an increase in arrivals were: British. 168 vessels,
of 212,744 tons; Belgian, 3 vessels, of 6,087 tons; Rusbian, 1 vessel, of 1,044 tons;
EUEOPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
461
whilst the foIlowiDff nationalities showed decreases in arrivals: Norwegian, 19 ves-
sels of 15,811 tons; Uerman, 13 vessels, of 535 tons; French, 11 vessels, or 15,141 tons;
Italian, 13 vessels, or 7,758 tons; American, 6 vessels, or 5,312 tons; other countries,
1 vessel, or 10,483 tons. (See Table No. 7.)
The conntries whence tonnage entered (see Table No. 8^ which show marked in-
creases, are, United States (on the Atlantic), 83,()79 tons; Brazil, 46,849 tons ; Argen-
tine Republic. 30,716 tons ; Chili, 25,890 tons; Germany, 16,081 tons; Java, 16,487
tons; Pern, 15.685 tons; Asiatic Turkey, 14,868 tons; Spain, 14,715 tons; Egypt,
11,174 tons, ana Italy, 10,559 tons. The countries which show a decrease of euteicd
tonnage are, Algeria, 13^405 tons; European Turkey, 13,858 tons; France, 11,231 tons,
and United States (Pacific coast), 3,740 tons.
SHIP-BUILDINO. '
This branch of the shipping industry of this port showed a decrease, compared with
1886, of one vessel or 4,960 tons. The total number built was 15 vessels of 10, 417
tons, five of which were sailing, of 8, 050 tons, and 10 steam, of 2,367 tons. This re-
uirn is exclusive of vessels built for foreigners, of which noofficial record is published.
Table No. 11 shows the classes etc., of the number of vessels built.
LIVERPOOL DOCKS.
The report of the Mersey docks and harbor board for the year ending June 30,
1888, shows that 22,241 vessels, of 9,017,935 tons paid tounage and harbor rates, ex-
hibiting an increase compared with the urevious year of 359 vessels or 220,152 tons.
The total amount collecied on account ot these vessels was $4,922,199, and is made
up as follows: Dock tonnage and harbor rates, $1,995,632.78; dock rates on goods,
$1,545,063.64; town dues on goods, $1,171,210.74; graving-dock rates, $155,989,461;
gridiron rates, $1,538.48 ; dock rent, $52,763.90.
POPULATION.
The return of the medical officer of health shows the estimated population of this
city to be 592,991, equal to 113.8 per acre, being the most densely populated city in
Great Britain. The death rate, S^.6, was the lowest ever recorded, and was 2.6 per
1,000 less than the average for the last ten years (1877 to 1886), and 5.7 less than i iiu
average for the previous ten years (1867 to 1876). Of the 14,0(>6 deaths, 7,140 were of
males and 6,866 of females. Of the 18,414 births 9,462 weie males and 8,1)52 were
females, making the total birth rate of the city equal to 31.1 per 1,000, the average
for the previous ten years being 36.5
BMIGRATIOK.
The number of emi^ants that left the port dnrinn: the year 1887 was 237,999, which
number, compared with the previous year, exhibits the marlced increase of 46,508.
The number that left for the United States was 199,076, being an increase compared
with the previous year of 35,769.
The following statement shows the number and nationality of the emigrants, dis-
tinguishing their destination :
Number of tm\grant% of each nationaUty that Itft the port of Liverpool during the year
1887.
Destination.
United SUtM
British Nortk America —
Australia and New Zealand.
EaAt Indies
British West Indies
Central and South America.
Oilier places
Total
English.
Scotch.
Irish.
Foreign.
Not
known.
105,102
22,976
103
1,842
205
7
13, 422
135
83
76,239
10,398
1
2,381
**i,'96y
123
658
1,311
3
507
37
3
79
8
59
86
169
l:'8, 878
2.144
13.649
86,893
G, 43.'i
Total.
199. 076
33.714
204
J, 06i
12.1
1,389
1.52.5
237, 099
462
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
HUMIBITT.
Bumitlity, etc, oftkit tli$trioLfwr ih^ yMr
/tfiie30, 1888.
Barometer rednoed to
tbe level of tbe aea and
sap Fabr.
Temperatnie.
naln.
Ja•'-^
• o 1
Montli
Hipboat
reading.
Lowoat
read-
ing.
Mean
ftom
hourly
read-
ing.
Eigheat.
Lowoat.
MoftD.
Amoiuitw
Kombor
ofdaya
it fell.
1887.
July
80.38
80.40
30.55
30.63
30.36
30.41
30.69
3a52
30. 42
80.33
30.51
30.30
29.87
29.27
2&64
29.22
2&61
29.05
29.10
29.89
2&62
28.29
29.10
29.48
90.606
29.961
29.892
30.092
29.678
29.798
30.194
30.044
20.618
29.887
30.003
29.935
>
82.9
80.1
65.0
inr.8
63.1
53.5
53.3
46.7
5 ». 2
60.4
70.0
82.8
49.9
46.4
42.6
31.9
29.2
27.8
28.4
25.5
28.8
31.4
39.5
44.1
63.2
60.6
54.1
46.8
41.2
88.8
89.3
86.2
3&4
44.2
62.3
56.6
1.104
1.947
4.034
2.272
L195
1.880
L264
L061
2.057
L104
0.647
2.031
14
14
19
16
16
90
19
16
18
17
7
20
67
Anj^iAt
September
October
Noveinbor
Docember
lR8a
Jflniury
67
76
77
82
82
88
Fcbroary
liarcb
Apra
83
79
75
M^y
68
June
71
Liverpool observatory, Bidaton; Latitude, S3° 24" 4' north; longitado, 8o 4" 17' woat; highest aboro
tbe mean of tbo soa, 107 feet.
WOOL TRADB.
Tbe even course of the wool trade diiriDg this year iu contrast with 1886 appears
nneventful. The last month of the year witnessed a return of confidence, partly in
consequence of a rise of other articles of consumption; prior to this the market was
weak. The trade in its final issne on the year showed no change of importanoe. On
the whole it has been satisfactory throughout. The following table shows the nnm-
ber and classes of wool that were offered at auction during the series of sales, also
those of 1886 :
Deacriptlon.
Eantlndlea
Tnrkiah Syrian, etc
Egyptian
Morooco
Portngncae and Spaoiab
River Plate
Pern, Lima, and Chili. . .
Sundries
Total
First
aeriea.
Balei.
15, 837
4,160
1.439
2.174
8. 4.'i.'>
158
3, 731
1, G93
33,658
Second
aerioa.
Bnle*.
20,129
8,919
1,137
2,243
1, 595
114
4,316
1,517
84,970
Third
aeriea.
Bale*.
20, 109
3,615
1, 257
1,974
2,927
105
1,470
1.816
38,273
Fourth
aeriea.
Balet.
19,763
4, 751
1.397
2,i:C0
2,3(8
29
828
1,986
83,922
Fifth
aeries.
BaU».
20, 265
6,414
1,268
8,236
8,442
2,676
8,327
89,628
Sixth
aeriea*
BalM
17,074
8,125
1,678
8,436
2,506
7,468
2,604
42,886
Total,
1887.
BaUt.
118,177
30,990
8,171
15,923
16,238
406
20,388
11,943
217,238
Total,
1886.
Btlt»9.
r2.66S
9.207
6,111
3,877
7,569
2,136
25,145
5,357
152,075
The first series took place from the 18th to the 28th of January, when 32,653 bales
were catalogued, of which 19,800 were sold. The sales opened with a good attejidance
of English buyera, but there was little demand for export; prices at first snfiTered a
decline of .51 cent to 1.01 cents per lb., bnt this was fully recovered later on iu the
case of best Joria and Vicaneer; Egyptian and Portuguese ruled firmly, particularly
the latter sorts. The Spanisli were all withdrawn.
The second series, from the t5th to the 24th of March, 34,970 bales were oatalogned,
of which 21,700 were sold. There was a good English and American demand, and
prices for the bulk of East India wools ruled on a par with January rat-es.
The third series was held from the 17th to the 26th of May, 33,273 bales being cata-
logued, of which 22,000 were sold. The East Indian sales passed otf withf^ood spirit,
and about 8,000 bales were taken for the United States.
The fourth series was held from the 19th to the 28th of July ; 33,922 bales wers
catalogued, of which 20,800 were sold. Tbe competition was good of tons and
American buyers at the East India sales, and prices were on the average about the
same as in the May serit'^.
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
463
The fifth series, held from the 20th to 29th of September, 39,528 bales being cata-
logued, of which 21,300 were sold.
There was a large attendance of English buyers at the East India sales but Ameri-
can orders were smaller than usual. At the sixth series, from November 22 to De-
cember 2, 42,866 were catalogued, but only 21,000 were sold and only a few American
orders were taken.
The following table shows the importation of wools into this port during 1886 and 1887 :
Description.
SMt Indiui and Persian
Spanish
Purtiigneae'
Biinaiiin
Danish
Italian
Aostrtan
Tuikiah
African (north.
Enf.vplian
Peruvian and Ch Ilia o
A rgentine and Uruguayan
Suudry
Total aheep*a wool .....;..
Goat's wool
1887.
fiaiflir.
98,766
841
9.718
1,461
1,314
30
34
61,707
7,100
13,056
09,942
2,807
159
266,023
86.263
1886.
Balet,
101, 188
2,855
8,588
1.686
1,635
812
396
40,206
4,066
7.201
40, 015
3,635
8,074
220.757
60,«39
United States Consulate, Liverpool, Ootoher 13, 1888.
Chas. T. Russell, Consul,
I. ^Total value of imports of foreign and colonial produeSf and total exports the produce
of the United Kingdom at the port of Liverpool during the years 1881 to 1887.
Year.
1881
1K82
1803
1884
Ini porta.
r>2S.85&,885
548. 673, 737
567, 826, 7»1
611, 160, 034
Exports.
$427, 360. 678
444, 056, 167
446,492.613
422,963,422
Tear.
Imports.
1885
1886
1887
1461, 272, 655
432, 209, 165
449, 501, 944
Exports.
$387,658,386
418, 108, 446
444,368,970
II. — Quantities of foreign and colonial produce imported into the port of Liverpool during
the years 1886 and 1887.
Principal articles.
Animals, living :
Oxen, bulla, Sec number..
Sheep and lambs « do
Horses do
Bones (except whale fins) tons. .
Caoutchouc hnodred-weight. .
Chemical manufactures and products
Coooa ponnda..
Coffee hundred-weight..
Com :
Wheat do ....
Barley do
Oats do
Pease do
Beans do
Indian com or maise do
Wheat meal and flour do
Cotton:
. Raw hundred* weight..
Manufactures
Drugs : Barks, PeruTian hundred- weight . .
Dyes and 4f^tiSStQ^'* Indigo do ....
Flax do ....
Frnit:
iJurranta do
Oraogeaand lemtna .'buahela..
Baiains hundred- weight..
1886.
1887.
•f Increase.
—Decrease.
70,283
•
72,147
+1,914
46,533
27,063
—19. 470
95
111
+16
21, 322
32,824
+1,002
145, 662
172,654
+26.992
$1,773,783
$1,7211,059
-$53,727
1,663,856
2,834,830
+63,727
87,140
48,721
+11,581
14,038,229
17, 879, 658
+3, 841. 429
305,104
416. 104
+100,000
201. 579
163, 198
-48,881
642.466
966,273
+312, 807
866,258
881,671
+26,413
8,367,276
7,704,965
->662,81l
2,869,179
8,492,490
+623.311
14, 022, 696
14, 301. 406
+27&801
$880,214
$1,842,828
+$962, 114
8.418
8,648
+ 130
3,604
6,908
+2.804
123,938
136,006
+12,068
818,900
887.470
+68,501
1,882,858
2,019.147
+lM.2Sd
137, 2C0
187,135
mSk
464
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
II.— 'Quautiiic* if foreign and colonial produce, etc.— Continnedi.
Prinoipftl articles.
Fruit ;— Contlnned.
Apples, niw bashels..
UDennmprated, raw..... do ...
Qlaaii of all Itioda hundred- treight..
Guano tona..
Ht^mp hundred- weight..
JMdea, raw do ....
Hops do ...
Jnte ...4. do —
Leathf^r pounds..
leather glorea doaen paira..
MeUls:
Copperoreand regnlas tons..
Unwrought and part wrought do ....
Iron ore. ........................................ do ....
Iron, pig do ....
IJar do —
Steel and nianafaotnree unenumerated hundred- weight
lAf>Bn}. pig and sheet ,. tons..
Tin, in ingots, bars, slabs. .- hundred- weight. .
Zinc, crude, and manufactares of do
Oils:
Train, blabber, and sperm tuna..
Olive do ....
Palm hundred- weight..
Seed tons
Oil-seed cake do —
Paper of all kind8,(exoept hangings) hundred- weight. .
IVtroleum ! gallons..
Pit>Ti8ions:
Bacon and hsma hundred-weight..
Beef, salted andfk«ah do —
Pork, ..do do do ....
Mutton, freah do —
Meat unennmerated, preserved do —
Butter and bntterine d^ —
Cheese d^....
Eggs Rreat hundred..
ProTisfons :
Fish cwta..
.Lard do..
Potatoes do..
Pyrites of iron or copper ions
Bags and other matenals for paper making do . .
Kice cwts..
Saltpeter and cubic niter do...
Seeds:
Clover and graaa do ..
Cotton tons.
Flax and linseed quarters.
Rape do...
Silk:
Raw pounds.
Manufactures ...
Skins, sheep and lambs undressed number.
Spirits :
Rum proof gallona.
Brandy do...
Geneva do...
Other unsweetened spirits do...
Sugar ;
Refined cwts.
Unrefined do...
TaUow and stearine do...
Tea pounds.
Tobacco :
Manufactured do...
Unmanufactured do...
Wine gallons.
Woo I and timber :
Hewn loads.
Sawed or split do...
Staves do ..
Mahogany tons.
Wool:
Sheep and lambs X*onnds.
Goata, wool or hair do...
Woolens:
Yarn do...
Rags do...
Manufactures
1,839,547
608,509
54,788
6.459
361,679
175, 719
31,021
140,058
191,158,502
42
37.722
22.815
123,128
780
6,678
285,225
8.434
9,642
169,516
1,597
8,974
951,941
5,198
82,770
42,546
17,793,974
2,651,701
700, 712
142, 207
50.463
137, 590
42, 818
844,610
. 14. lU
429, 124
590,967
25,099
233,592
52.058
3,520,286
448.981
!2.48l
18,897
273,198
1,332
12,470
$13,005
1,245,381
1, 316, 148
466,616
51, 181
177, 740
488.290
4. 605, 260
340,941
66,532
1,284,448
42,277,887
;i, 482, 807
129.835
304,208
2\ 953
13.168
81,281,074
11.987,444
8,089
1, 724, 800
$370, G86
815,779
670.889
67,805
1,838
434,867
206,352
83,080
57.680
92,860.676
42.506
19.123
114, 971
1.134
5,694
123,606
7,692
12,167
196,014
2,549
4.247
904,662
1,942
80.524
44,579
21.470,768
2,409,447
617.907
142,298
147. 254
119,821
60 804
786,008
17, 161
870.555
636,665
69.367
250,547
60,550
S, 270. 321
. 619,476
21.842
23,404
246.448
1,055
14,613
$28,989
3,415^718
1,551.911
404,775
40,008
203,476
889.189
5,602.451
307.728
154.970
1,658,103
33, 293, 077
1,573,962
154,130
887,597
21, 319
11.085
63.455.203
7, 801, 578
11,614
2, 842, 500
$445,438
+ IneTeaae.
-523,768
+1.810
+ 12,517
-3,621
+78,197
+30,6:a
+2,0.-19
— *2,:i3i!
+3,702,114
+180
+4, 784
-3,692
-8yl57
+354
-879
—161, .^27
—812
+2,525
+86.498
+952
+273
—47,279
—3.256
—2,252
+2,033
+3, 676. 794
-24?,2M
—88.805
+91
+96,791
—17,709
+7,088
-78,«0«
+3,040
— 68.569
+ 45.608
+ 33.668
+ 16. 9:*
+ 8. 492
— 1,249,965
+ 170. 495
— 1,139
+ 4.507
— 26.765
— 277
+ 2.143
+ $15,9S4
+ 179.333
+ 23!&,763
—61,841
— 11.173
+ 25.736
—99,101
+ 997, 191
—89,213
+ 88.438
+ 273,060
-8.981,810
+ 91, 155
+ 24.295
— 6.611
—4.634
— 2.133
+ 2,17.m:s
— 4,085.806
+ a..'i2.«i
+ I,117,7r0
+ $74. 752
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
465
III. — Exports, the produce of the United Kingdom^ at ihepori of lAverpool during the tieare
1886 and 1887.
Artidea.
Alkali .' owts..
App«rel
A nil » and smmiuiitloQ :
Guoimwder ponnda..
Firc-arma (aroall) nuinbor..
All other aorta
Baga and aacka (empty) dozena..
Beer and ale barrela..
Booka. printed owts..
Bntter do —
Cauillea of all aorta ponnda..
Caootchoac, manufactnrea of
Ceibent for building and engineering pnrpoaea o wta . .
Chemical prodnota Including dyo-atutfs.: —
CoalR, coke, and patent fuel tone..
Cotton yarn pounda..
Cotton mannfkoturea :
Piece gooda yarda..
All other aorta
Barf ben and china ware of all aorta
Fiahherrlnga barrela..
OlaMofall aorta
Haberdaahery and millinery
Hardware and cntlery anenamerated
Hataof all aorta dozena..
Jnte:
Yam ponnda..
Piece gooda yarda..
Leather, tub:
UnwToaght cwta..
Wronght: Boota and ahoea
Saddlery and haruesa
Linen :
Yam ....'. ponnda..
Manufactnrea: Piece gooda ft,..yaids..
Thread and nnennmerated
Machinery and mill work of all aorta 1
Manure, chemical
Metala :
l^oQf pf St pnddled, bar, angle, and wire tona . .
Bailroad of all iM>rta do —
Steel onwrought do....
Of all other aurta do
Copper un wrought — c wt . .
Copper wrought or manufactured yellow metal. . .do. . .
Lead of all aorta tona..
Tin unwrought cwta..
Oilaeed gallona..
Patntera' colore and materiila
Paper of ail aorta cwta..
Providona (including meat)
Salt, rock and white tona..
SUk:
thrown, twiat and vam
Man uf ncturea of alii aorta
Skinaand furaof aU aorta
Sptrita Britiah and Iriah gallona.
Sugar, refined and candy cwta..
Tel tgraph wi rea and apparatua
Wool, aheep and iamba •• pounda..
Wool and worated :
Yam do....
Maunfaotnrerii, woolen ^..aii^i.
Co^tilnga and atuffa jyaraa..
AV orated ooatlngaand atufib do. . .
Flannela andoarpeta do....
Woolen worateda :
Bbinketa paira..
Of all other aorta
Yam : Alpaca, moha{r,and all other aorta unenn«
merated ponnda
4,327.809
•2,383,849
3,303.100
109,278
$671. 788
1,042,098
103,960
89.206
25.047
1, 371, 500
$1,047,937
113,800
$3,054,815
523, 104
83,593,009
3,706,521,800
$15, 691, 404
$8,304,683
Ru, 080
$2, 220, 456
$3, 948, 866
$6,268,777
29«i,457
7,020,200
38, 572, 300
22,540
$1,448,037
$364,188
5,990.900
87. 446, 700
$2. 840, 340
$15, 184, 229
$1,022,714
280,164
138,012
35,203
897.656
68,661
855,963
2,815
22,963
2,254,500
$935, 370
90,786
1, 516. 791
726, 928
$588,051
$5, 370, 844
$2,361,323
330, 277
394,024
$123, 060
7,329,400
8,254,400
84,878,800
93.662,000
7, 751, 100
445,098
$3, 155^ 875
265.400
4,520,719
$2,596,802
8, 611. 000
87,359
$755,720
1,123,714
100,205
41,650
24.244
1, 465, 500
$918^608
8,833
$3,559,021
614, 785
90,058,600
3, 696, 326. 500
$17.P07,419
$6, 735. 046
103,705
$2, 497, 558
$4. 488. 049
$6,815,255
280,864
4,895,900
34, 281, dOO
26,486
$1, 807, 210
$386,063
6,877,200
90,279,200
$3,400,240
$17, 919, 544
$821, 918
838,546
209,928
56,586
499,855
51,896
376,820
3,337
23,745
(Tona 11. 046
$1,015,910
76, 178
1.851,100
730,811
$506. 494
$6,467,498
$2, 804, 147
856.848
819,349
$102, 905
6,809,000
1,716.300
88, 634, 500
92, 919, 600
8,654,500
489,199
$3,325,610
828,100
+Inorea8e.
— Deoreaae.
+ 192,850
+ $214,953
+ 217,900
—21,919
+ $183, 932
+ 81,616
— 3,745
+ 2,384
— 803
+ 94,000
— 129,334
— 106,467
+ 504,706
+ 91, 591
+ 6,465,600
— 10, 195, 100
+ 2,116,015
+ $430,868
+ 28,619
+ $268,102
+ $539,193
+ $546,478
—18,093
— 2.124,300
—4,290,400
+ 2,946
+ $359, 173
+ $21, 875
— 113,700
+ 2.832.600
4 $659, 891
+ $2,765,315
—$200,790
+ 68,882
+ 7i;886
+ 21,383
+ 102, 199
—17,265
+20.857
+522
+782
+$110,640
—14.613
-165,182
+9,883
—$81,567
+$1,096,654
+$U2, 824
+26, 671
-74.676
—$20,166
—620,400
^1,538,100
+8,755,709
—742, 400
+003,400
+44, 101
+$109, 7»5
+62,70C
X06X1 O B 30
466
COMMERCIAL BELATI0N8.
IV,^Quantltie9 of foreign and edomial prodiMe exported at the port of lAvtrpod dmr%n§
ike yeare 1886 and 1887.
Artiolflt.
Bacon and hama ^ cwta..
Batter and bntlorina do....
Caoutchono do....
CheeM - do....
Cocoa poanda..
Coffeo owta..
Com:
Wheat do-...
Wheat meal and floor do —
Cotton :
Raw ...do
Maniifactorea
Brozn:
Bark, Peruvian ^ owta..
Dyea and d3'eing-8tnflb :
Cochineal do...
Iildi|CO do...
Flax, dreaaed, ondreaaed, and tow do —
PruH:
Ctirranta do —
Raialns do ...
Guano tona..
Jleoip, dressed, androaaed, and tow cwta . .
llidea raw do....
Jute do....
Lard do....
Leather pounda..
KeUls:
Copper, nnwroDght, part wrought^ and old cop-
per tona..
Iron bara do —
Tin in ingota, blocks, or alabs cwta..
Oils:
Coooannt do....
Palm Ao....
Suiiksilvur pounds.,
ice « ....owta..
Seed:
Flax or linseed quartera..
Rape do —
Silk:
Raw ponnde..
Thrown do....
Mannfacturea
Spices :
Cinnamon ponnda..
Pepper do —
SpiriU :
Brandy proof gallone . .
Geneva do....
Knru do....
Other unsweotoned spirits do
liixedin bond do....
Sugar;
Rt^floed and candy owta..
Unrefined do....
Molassea do....
Tallow and stearlne do —
Tea pounds..
Tobacco
Unmanufactured do —
Manufactured and snuff do....
Wine gallons..
Wool, aheep andlamba ponnda. .
1886.
W8D4
4,fin
ee.848
17.«18
271,891
i6»856
800.256
68,038
610,207
$1,881,810
2,214
2.166
2,781
11. 856
11.269
16,182
508
09,083
49.770
87.227
15.906
844,646
4,278
6,880
6,521
8,848
468,004
1,246,874
2,041,056
1,954
99
11,207
2,282
$296,508
274.910
865^954
9,942
2,051
76,008
67.527
243,103
14.050
124.204
170
86,779
103,096
8,761,440
541,620
72,503
34, 696, 180
1887.
4,4il8
74,047
16,792
147,583
88^188
851.990
49,810
969.881
$2,280,618
488
1,084
4,536
8,882
6,478
18.184
2.165
130,863
45,520
26,740
12,012
1,686,170
7.000
6,088
6,663
7,497
464,896
927,900
1, 547. 048
740
175
19,401
200
$224,327
327,586
901,882
7,425
732
104,132
41,837
235,496
37,300
150,506
97
47,884
130, 716
8,833,534
539,031
85.386
83,436^765
—18,838
+7.199
—821
-184,306
—8^720
-47.266
-13,728
+349,584
^$891^799
—1,725
—1,062
+1.754
-1,984
—5,790
—2,096
+1.657
+40.770
-10,487
-3,986
+780, sa
+2.722
4102
+82
-1,351
+26,391
—318,473
,010
-1.205
+70
+8.194
-1062
-#72,181
4-63; 656
+85.406
—2,517
—1,310
+29,034
-^,600
—7,807
-f 22,260
+28,212
+11. 105
+27.080
+81.085
—2,589
+2.7B8
-1,260,425
k
EUROPE — ^UNITED KINGDOM.
467
y.-^Valne of declared exports from the consular distrioi of Liverpool to the United States
during the four quarters of ihe year ending June 30, 1868.
Arlides.
and
Beer and ale
Booka and stationery —
Bnji^A and canvas
Btaokinic
Condensed milk
Card clothing
Cotton ties
Cattle and animals
Cement
Cotton
Coal and coke
Chemicals
Dye and other woodA....
Diamonds
Dyes and dyeing staffs ..
Earthen and fslass ware .
Frait (green and dry)
▼egetables
Fnmitare
Flax hose
Fifch, herrings, etc
Felt...-s
Grease and oils
Hides, leather, and skins
Hair and hair noils
hardware ^
Heoip and flax
Haberdashery
Ivory
Iron and iron manofaotnres .
Iron ore
Lead .•
Lime and lemon jaice
Manure
Machinery
Mineral waters
M ill and other atones
Oil-cloth
Paper-making materials
Piz-iron.
Paints and varnish
?atent compositions
lanu
Private effeciS
Provisions
Pictures
Knbber, India, Para, etc
Bice, rice flour, etc
SllTcr
Salt
Steel and steel manufactures.
Slates, bricks, and tiles
Seeds
Silks and plushes
Spices
Saasage casings
Saffar
Saddlery and harness
Tin and teme plates
Tin, taggers*, and tin
Teaandcoffee
Wool and wool noils. ..
Water-proof garmenta .
Woolens and worsteds
Wines and spirita
T. M. sheathing
All other goods
2ry goods
Wire rope
Total..
Total for preceding year
IhoreaM
Quarter ending-
Sept 30, 3887.
$32,243.81
2.900.42
28,588.07
Dec 81, 1887.
181,806.23
1, 202. 02
110, 872. 00
70. 892. 82
1, 324, 129. 71
17,431.74
321.66
209,307.49
45,98L75
5. 187. 07
4,071.82
1.94L72
I5.901.&3
321. 142. 85
B7^457. 35
29, 3U. 63
84, 316. 16
539.490.62
98.224.42
1.581.61
11,304.36
6, 837. 42
287. 778. 97
235,407.36
4, 092. 71
8, 095. 00
87,339.74
283.788.63
43.057.23
36, 263. 35
257, 654. 63
142,976.96
8,642.89
7, 985. 12
15, 338. 04
2,611,031.97
40,666.41
6, 197. 40
972,013.47
6,363.13
1,153.34
987.89
85,866.96
66.027.91
16,920.90
8,371,180.86
7,256,336.18
1,114,844.78
$32,
5.
85,
1.
20,
00,
103,
133,
1U6,
1,773.
16.
8ia41
888.45
863.77
678.93
253.72
816.31
846.56
728.16
272.52
242.45
6*^4.43
155.17
136.60
205,812.85
852, 260. 29
6,715.61
992.76
11, 343. 79
4.258.17
11, 874. 35
880.086.89
06.481.17
25, 148. 50
8,058.76
007.63
829,519.04
41,875.07
1,099.82
66,430.88
4,438.24
696.90
1,863.85
296.85
285, 647. 68
200, 146. 31
243.32
3, 547. 66
841.89
133,648.23
1, 781. 13
457.44
328, 282. 89
62,607.62
270.
204,
7,
6.
50.
2.
3,
40,
1.
2,728,
48,
3,
700,
1.
8,
4,
78,
07&65
066 23
828.96
583.66
907.40
885.83
60L47
056.06
854.12
262.45
542.36
820.02
670.07
859.00
296.84
816.32
867.27
549.16
9,108,934.86
8,073,286.62
1,036,648.84
Mar. 81, 1888.
$24,
4.
25,
88.
1.
2,
80.
8,
119.
78,
1,620.
21.
171.
088.07
044.05
617.04
764.03
210.34
425.88
063.39
303.69
012.36
266.67
51&07
050.72
816.00
223.85
635.27
971. ir
427,616.49
2,477.04
3,52&S0
12, 632. 47
8,557.40
20,641.49
820, 647. 10
67.670.20
16, 831. 76
65, 370. 61
8,623.84
215,622.92
19,723.67
1,776.27
8, 973. 18
9.14&86
637.51
1,40L65
242,077.76
94, 345. 02
800.56
1,102.29
7,641.60
68L30
326.04
217,618.24
01,707.63
228.72
172,978.63
160,88L10
7,280.27
8,484.40
16,776.89
7,596.44
1, 864. 12
8,007,20L9I
61.934.04
4, 511. 28
720,016.42
652.11
8,24L07
81,060.78
8, 227. 89a 93
7,686.254.11
941,644.82
Jane 80, 1888.
$46,
10.
0.
1.
02,
216,
105,
1.
93.
76,
1.896,
;o.
4.
177,
347.08
105. 15
168.47
03L06
284.78
360.38
200.66
82L93
396.68
637.84
122.70
15&89
013.43
136.26
068.39
002.06
252,049.87
3,036.68
1.226.36
2,015.02
2,141.11
16,6ia88
278, 313. 62
102,536.29
29,304.96
63,199.37
963.66
4,764.30
170,576.60
4,399.30
8,674.76
13, 294. 87
861.37
622.91
802.97
176,443.03
92, 305. 00
21&0»
6.180.44
1,941.72
764.30
661.83
817, 54& 95
81,990.23
14% 375. 36
149, 772. 19
7.623.60
7,908.05
38,88L71
1,95L46
1.060.89
2; 834. 934. 26
43,92417
31,062.66
643, 943. 36
326.05
2,186.88
10,916.99
8^279,89425
8,770,847.27
490,463.02
Total.
$185.
23,
140,
3,
120,
2,
308.
443,
6.
466,
340.
8,113,
75,
7.
70<
1.(178,
17.
10,
20.
11.
74,
1.801,
824,
100,
201.
fi,
4,
1,204.
164.
2.
8.
76,
88,
2.
3.
7.
991,
631.
6,
10,
2,
. 145.
39.
1.
1,647.
269,
86.
693.
80,
25.
105,
18.
13.
40,
4.
11. 181,
105.
44.
8,046,
8,
't:
214,
66.
16.
497.37
028. 07
238.26
464.01
748.84
098.67
119.61
762. 01
803.58
010. 76
128.02
492.49
907.77
481.77
703.66
688.01
838.40
417.00
410. 13
801.28
808.40
125.65
090.46
044.10
629.84
852.90
484.53
764.30
218.08
223.26
876.09
574. 76
085.66
186.32
194.78
888.31
937.24
947.44
284.58
445.68
920.89
783.61
130. 31
802.17
445.31
236.71
262.71
492.07
087.17
606.48
775.71
061.13
576.09
223.87
130.87
066.06
760.13
6^.59
066.97
601.21
553.22
100.20
206.84
846.11
855.16
892.84
927.91
929.09
83. 987, 908. 90
SLOTS. 224. 03
2,801.68487
468
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
y I, ^Number and Umnoffe of 9aiU»g and tteam vatMit, including their repeated wyagee,
that entered and cleared ufith cargoee and in hallasty respectively, from and to foreign
conntriee and BritxBh Poeeeeeione and ooaatwiee at the port of Liverpool during die year
1887.
Bntered..
Cleared.
Safling.
Steam.
Sailing.
Steam.
Foreicn :
With oareoM
No.
1,037
48
2,340
1,068
Ton$,
915,886
19,429
229.658
181. 134
8,076
61
7,665
2,269
Tmu.
4.215,848
85,290
1,853,329
490,284
No,
1,166
132
2,740
747
Tona.
865.088
81,261
265.096
IK 889
Xo.
2,641
66
7,867
2,667
Tont.
8.756^936
With ballMt
65^260
1, 7501. 610
CoMtwite:
With oanroet
With ballast
9S3,623
Total
4,758
1.346,107
13.061
6,994,691
4,785
1^366,324
12.671
6,555,419
VII. — Number and (ohnage of etUling and ateam veeaela of each nation, including tkeUr re-
peated vogageSf that entered and cleared with oargoee and in ballaet from and to foreign
countriea at the port of Liverpool during the gear 1887.
Hationality.
BritiKh
Kos»laii
Swedish
Norwegian
Danish
Gorman
Datok
Belgian
French
Spanish
Italian
Austrian
United States of America
All other countries
Total
^ - ■
Bntered.
No.
8,423
15
68
806
83
97
13
14
20
245
24
8
66
6
4.477
Tona.
4,414.351
9,841
87.30»
190,943
10,997
66.0^9
7.161
19.6S0
28,259
271.723
15,705
6^109
107.003
2,106
5.186.383 .
Cleared.
No.
Tbna.
2.9B8
8,988.068
17
10,205
66
84, €64
891
192.646
88
12,022
91
57,506
13
7,557
. 7
9.374
• 33
29.374
276
2B2.457
23
18,764
7
3.874
68
100.977
12
6.629
. 4.005
4,758,885
VIII. — Number and tonnage of Britiah and foreign Bailing and ateam veeeels that entered
and clearedt with oargoea and in baliaat, to and from foreign countries and British Possea*
aiona at the port of Liverpool during the year in&7.
Conntries.
Russia :
Korthem ports
Southern ports
Sweden «
Norway ,
Denmark
Danish West India Islands
Germany
Holland
Dutch Vossessions in Indla^ tTava
Dntch West India Inlands
Dutch Guiana
Belgium
France
AJgeria
Fr^ch Possessions in Western Africa
French islands in the Pacific
Portugal
Maderia
Portognese Possessions in Western Africa
Portuguese Possessions in Eastern Africa .
Spain
Canary Islands
Philippine and Ladrone Islands
Spanish West India lalanda . ...^^^
Entered.
No.
56
28
65
157
55
1
154
66
56
6
156
234
16
1
6
96
496
25
6
Tona.
30.496
24.211
86.167
54.155
6,370
212
92,807
88,710
57,890
1,807
96,739
U7.569
18,165
128
2,564
84,925
(18,545
42,075
Cleared.
No.
82
4
51
103
127
1
188
187
9
4
86
248
72
1
8
1
179
4
14
H
Tona,
19.206
4,218
28,615
40,962
21^502
2,135
88.608
76.474
8.671
1,190
6T,400
104,687
429
18^979
1,115
^895
289
08; 604
1,281
Hl,tt8
Ik
EtIROrE — ^tJNlTED IttNGDOM. 469
V
VIII.— ^tfin^er and tonnage of Briti9h andforeign sailing aaid steam ve8$eU, e(c.— Cont'd.
ConntriM.
Bntervd.
lUly
AafttrUm Territories
Oreeoe
UoaraaalA •
Turkish Domiaions:
EaropeMi Tarkey — <
Aststio Turkey (inolading Cyprus) .
Tunis..
Morbooo
Western AfHoAnot particalarly designated.
HsdaiFSsear
Cbioa (ezclusire of Hong-Kong and Msoso).
Japan.
NatiTe islands in the Paoiiio.
United States of America :
On the Atlaotio
OnthePaoifio
Hayti and S(. Domingo
Mexico .,
Central Amerlea
United States of Colombia . .
Venezuela
Ecuador.....
Peru
Bolivia
Cbili <inclading Pacific of Patagonia)
Brasi]
Umgnav
Argentine Republic (including the Atlantic coast of Pata-
gonia)
Total foreign countries ....
Total Britisb Possessions.,
Total foreign countries and British Possessions:
1«87
isas
Increase.
Decrease.
Ifo.
95
1
37
14
28
44
100
17
4
14
89
1
9
1.217
W
8
84
i
5
49
2
38
226
8
88
3.887
610
4^477
4,867
110
Tons.
101. 051
1,087
12,495
15^843
86.822
50.208
149,380
17.894
8,797
3,348
88,967
1.878
4,887
2.354.963
144,990
8,835
31,520
2,975
1,233
51.009
2,615
63,757
154,708
6,026
119. Ill
4.397.186
789,258
5,186,J08
5,017,815
168,578
Cleared.
No.
152
6
6
57
40
79
4
117
1
43
8
8
758
47
14
32
1
19
4
7
40
78
240
14
171
8,236
769
4,005
4,019
14
Tons.
161.188
8,266
6,091
73.716
50,157
109,370
548
104,788
507
62,028
4.074
1,639
1,753,805
78.378
12.607
61. 174
271
22.214
1.346
8,419
84,031
108.090
177,821
15,786
181,860
3,781.225
977,300
4.758.525
4,714.654
43,871
IX. — Number and tonnage of sailing and steam-vesselsj including iheir'repeated voyages^
that entered and olearA with cargoes, and in ballast from and to foreign oountHes and
British possessions at the port of Liverpool during the years 1881 to 1887.
Tear
1881
1682
1883
4884
1885
1886
1887
Entered.
No,
5,003
5,214
6,219
4,852
4,668
4.367
4.477
Tons.
4,940,548
5,165,211
5. 467. 274
5,209.857
5,178,330
5. 017. 815
5,186,393
Cleared.
No.
4,727
4,806
4,837
4,499
4,246
4.019
4,005
Ibnt.
4,796,671
4. 882, 878
5, 167, 568
4,960.936
1822,021
4, 714, 654
4, 758, 525
X. — Number and tonnage of British and foreign sailing and steam vessels, including their
repeated voyages, that entered and cleared with cargoes and in ballast, coastwise at the
port of Liverpool during the years 1881 to 1887.
Year.
ls<tl..
1882..
1888..
1)«4..
1>^83..
18H6..
1887..
Entered.
No.
11,821
12,269
12,079
11,269
12,189
12,377
13,342
Tons.
2,474.212
2,686,192
2,726,856
2,458,826
2,503,761
2. 548, 419
2, 754, 405
Cleared.
No.
11,519
11,819
11,885
11,071
12,027
22, 420
13, 451
Tons,
2,660.860
2,668,070
2.78K.001
2, 618. 254
2, 760. 1G3
2. 815. 942
3. 163, 218
470
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
XI. — Number and tonnage of iron, 9teelf and wooden Bailing and steam-veeeeU buUt ai
Liverpool (exolueive ofveaeeU huili for foreigners, of which no official record is puhliehed)
during the year 1887.
DMoription.
SaOing.
Steam.
Total.
7 ran...........
No.
4
Tom.
8,038
No.
3
6
1
Tona.
174
2,000
103
No.
7
6
2
Tom.
8,21S
2,080
115
Steel ^
Wood
1
12
Total
5
8.050
10
2,367
15
10,417
XII. — Gro$8 amount of customs revenue collected at the port of Liverpool during the pears
1881 to 1887.
Year.
1881
1882
1H83
1884
Amoant.
914. 138, 437
13, 881, 828
14, 230, 937
13,58^916
Tear.
1885
1886
1887
Amoant.
13,513,235
12.956,021
12,845^796
LONDON.
Value of the declared exports from the consular district of London to the United States,
during the year ending September 30, 1888.
Artiolea.
Beer, wine and spitita
Books and stationery
Cement
Chemicals, BodaH, etc
China, glass, etc
Clothing
CoflRde
Diamonds ....••
Drysoods
Feathers
Fruits, dried
Hempandjnto
Hops
Iron, steel, metals^ etc
Leather, hides, skins, fars, etc.
Machinery and hard ware
Pickles, preserves. Jams, eto . . .
Rags and paper waste
Spices •
Steeds
Tea
Wool
Hiscellaneoas
Total in U.S. gold.
Total for preceding year. .
Increase.
Decrease
Quarter ending.
Deo. 81, 1887.
$206,
267.
412,
386,
48,
17,
60,
272,
502,
100,
267,
808,
9.
2,833,
884,
10,
190,
101.
195,
81.
72,
885,
8.873,
764.74
464.86
341.99
830.42
615.92
803.78
436.08
769.56
804.84
665.86
920.06
166.03
740.85
341.28
081.62
252.58
483.87
071. 18
946.03
157.87
769. 19
798.86
422.49
11,490,657.61
12,093,703.88
603,046.27
Mar. 31, 1888.
$244.
273,
461,
420,
28.
123,
70,
677,
1, 117,
120,
21.
567,
1,
4,174,
1,264,
13.
163,
125,
95,
177.
219,
776,
3,178.
434.49
930.02
963.07
193.32
977.94
292.72
102.17
906.62
853.52
971.62
760.14
122.84
688. ;9
368.75
070.28
250.83
785.43
626.44
400.82
647.74
847.83
225.33
0L9.46
14.508;42&59
14,391,842.99
116. 585. 60
June 80, 1888.
9182.
847,
407.
49,
119,
375,
549,
460.
131,
67.
483,
1,
4,056.
1, 751,
26.
186.
118.
811,
22.
204,
555,
8,090,
257.88
18&55
260.74
027.70
311.78
947.90
044.95
887.36
080.64
735.86
963.81
352.53
182.72
401.20
'^97.44
115.25
294.90
029.90
484.84
525.45
004.32
476. C8
285.33
Sept. 30, 1888.
Total for the
year.
9166,
467,
286.
500.
27,
431,
14.
870,
1,068,
861.
1.
1.481.
1,711.
19,
175.
115,
337,
40.
216,
410,
2,316,
657.07
610.68
541.14
239.46
945.82
866. 86
356.17
65a 84
528.92
671.94
650.68
163.87
663.74
612 00
434.93
721.77
88&a3
900.22
527.48
361.29
780.83
100.72
806.08
13, 846, 19L 77
12, 960. 274. 05
11,044,636.85
16,454,302.88
885,917.72
6,409,726.03
$800.
1,356,
1.660,
1. 714.
154,
692.
619.
2.371.
8.089.
402,
402,
1.709,
14,
12,545,
6,810,
»,
666.
460.
940,
821,
713,
2,127.
1^467,
113.08
140.56
006.94
299.96
851.46
411.36
980L37
221.88
276.56
044.28
293.19
804.26
2TC.60
723.32
884.37
843L44
462.55
624.74
36&67
682.35
442.19
60a90
038.31
60.889,914.82
55,900,183.80
8^010,268198
Thomas M. Wallkr,
Consul' General,
k
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
471
NEWCASTLE-UPON-TTNB.
Value of declared exports from the Newoastle-upon-Tyne consular diatriot to the United
States during the four quarters of the year en4ing September 30, 188S,
Articles.
Antimony
BriokB(flre)
Cement
Chemicals
Carpeting
Cotton mannfactures....
Coals and coke
FeiTo manganese
Glass
Gjpitnm
Urinilstones, etc
Hats (felt)
Iron (pig)
Iron (machinery)
Leather
Lead
Linen and woolen goods.
Ore
Paints and yenetian red.
Kags
Rope mAnnfaotnres
Skms, hare Mid rabbit. . .
Spiegeleisen
Snlphate palp
Steel rods, blooms, etc. . .
Trees
Thread
Wire goods
Miscelianeons
Total
Corresponding qnarters
ceding year
pre-
Increase
Decrease
Quarters ending—
Deo. 81, 1887.
$30,217.00
2,815.00
20,228.74
211,704.27
357. 85
28,276.86
14.006.63
70,758.80
11,020.76
0.478.26
58,269.05
2,481.78
9,663.40
212.80
9,918.49
13, 457. 82
16. 478 08
1, 032. 76
21,274.30
51, 858. 65
24, 399. 52
282, 859. 75
8,726.06
8. 528. 83
2, 416. J 5
914,026.59
738, 689. 01
175, 336. 68
Mar. 31, 1888.
$2,671.31
6,494 46
42, 084. 65
133, 542. 37
4, 354. 10
21,655.02
13.804.07
142.409.36
8,69L56
5p502.68
32,671.88
7. 795. 60
1. 532. 34
10,450.52
19, 712. 44
1,192.29
1,861.35
40.468.83
75, 430. 75
2,457.58
153,075.24
8, 324. 52
2,106.46
83, 633. 70
4, 610. 11
767,433.19
810,438.35
43,000.16
June 30, 1888.
$36, 64a 63
0,560.60
24,373.44
120, 448. 24
6,562.64
27, 542. 54
•19,718.75
56.826.62
4, 939. 63
1, 520. 81
13,871.85
1, 380. 56
19,203.29
3,873.73
6,613.30
8,829.44
12,621.20
2,814.09
89,987.44
790.80
856,980.34
mii
4.058.13
772, 785. 11
728,581.51
44,203.60
fept.30,1888.
926, 074. 70
2,189.92
10. 504. 77
58, 30& 00
12, 581. 80
20.469.58
5,933.01
111,727.74
2,338.94
1, 021. 96
14,520.00
6,637.04
411.36
4,50L51
9.224.33
3,120.16
1,795.74
50,018.56
700.77
17,116.79
170, 547. 04
44.00
2, 807. 00
8,006.57
8,248.19
551.248.98
1,178,786.09
622, 537. 11
Totals for the
year.
$95,611.64
17,568.70
07,101.68
524,182.88
22,855.80
103,044.00
63.562.46
890.717.42
21,985.89
2,542.77
42,878.70
1.389.56
116,871.26
6, 766. 86
28.543.81
212.80
24, 504. 60
23,908.34
81,940.86
6,834.88
1, 861. 35
152, 640. 13
128,780.07
43, 073. 89
904,362.37
7,094.58
7. 424. GO
51,000.10
14,832L58
8,005,493.87
8,451,490.86
445,996.99
PLTMOUTH.
REPORT BT CONSUL FOX.
TRADE AND COMMERCE.
Jasper Shith,
Consul,
Trade and commerce in this locality during the past nine months has not heen very
active generally. ^ Wheat has been imported to a fair extent, principally from Ameri-
can ports. The timber trade continnes to be large and prosperous. The export trade
to United States ports is increasing. Clay and arsenic have been shipped to a con-
siderable value, and tooth brushes manufactured in this country continue to find a
good market in the Statea
A new feature in the declared ekports at this consulate has been two shipments
durin|^ the past quarter of sheep-skins (salted roans), to the value of |5,978.^. The
shipping trade here has been rather dull, especially in sailing vessels.
SHIPPING.
Several iron foreign-going steam-ships are now owned at this port, bnt the result of
their working has not been hitherto so satisfactory as anticipated. At present, how-
ever, with advanced freights, the outlook is brighter. From returns published in a local
paper it appears that the tonnage of British and foreign vessels (sailing and steam)
472 COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
that eatered with cargoes and ballast in Plyraonth last year (1^87) was 20^/293 tons
against 129,508 tons in 1873, 330,301 tons in 1877, 230,000 tons in 1883, 240,467 tons
in 1885, and 186,843 tons in 1886.
HOUSS-BUILDINO.
Honse-bnilding con tinned to a large extent, from which it wonid appear that a yery
general opinion exists that the population of the place will, as hitherto, steadily pn»-
);ress. There are generally from three hundred to foor hundred houses in courhc nf
construction. Builders, however, have been rather hasty in building, and aa a result
several have lately failed.
THE HARVBST.
The weather during the past summer was remarkable for rain and want of snp-
sliine, so that some farmers began to doubt whether we should have a harvest at all ;
but a great change for the better in September has gone far to repair the damage.
Wheat is an average crop, as to quantity, but the condition is somewhat inferior.
Barley is a fair crop but condition not very good. Oats belo^ an average, fair as to
quality. Potatoes were plentifully grown, but they are very small generally, and far
from being of good quality, disease being very prevalent. They were plentiful in
quantity, but owing to the heavy rains the quality is very inferior. Carrota and
turnips are a failure this year, owing to the incessant rain. Mangold is an average
crop. Grass being still very plentiful, farmers will be able to keep their cattle out
of doors late in the season, and there being pleuty of straw, fodder is not likely to be
soaroe the ensuing winter. Apples are a snort crop, small in size and very deficient
in quantity.
8TBAM-SHIPS.
Reverting to the shipping trade of this port, I may mention that the largest En-
glish steam-ship company's vessels call here to land or embark passengers, mails, and
specie. During the past month no fewer than thirty-three of these steam-ships were
tuned to arrive here on their homeward voyage, without mentioning those (less numer-
ous) which call here on their outward voyage.
DARTMOUTH.
Mr. George Hingston, United States consular agent at Dartmouth, reports as follows :
** The trade in iron has been small with the exception of the engineering business
carried on by Messrs. Simpson, Strickland A, Co., who have been very busy during the
greater part of the year, although not quite as much so at the present moment. They
have been buiUliug a number of steam launches, and one steamer fur Turkey, which
has been sent to Coustautiuople. The trade of the other shipbuilders has been small,
priucipally repairing and fitting out yachts. The Cape mail steamers call for mails
and passengers fortnightly, the Demerara and West India boats every two or three
weeks, and mail steamers for the Falkland Islands and South America every two
months. The latter are Hamburg steamers of the Kosmos line.
The harvest this year has been poor, owin^ to the wretched summer, with the ex-
ception of hay, which is abundant, and turnips, which are fair. The imports have
been small, consisting of about 1,000 tons of valonia from Smyrna and a little timber
from Sweden and Russia.''
JKRSBT.
Mr. Thomas Renouf, United States consnlar agent at Jersey, states:
** I have very little to report of any commercial interest during the past niiio
mouths. The imports of American products and manufactures are always abooi the
same, the exports of cuttle about as formerly. The early potato crop, which fontiH
the priuoipal feature of agriculture, has been very large this season, although toward
the close disease manifested itself to a great extent, nevertheless the exports, chiefly
to the United Kingdom, yielded a large amount, say about $1,500,000."
The farmers seem to give all their attention to the growth of the early potato, very,
little wheat and hay being now cultivated on the island.
QUERN8ET.
Mr. William Carey, United States consular agent at Guernsey, reports:
" I have nothing to report with respect to trade, except that the exportation of
breeding animals ironi this island to the United States seems entirely to have died
out."
Thos. W. Fox,
ConsuL
United Statks Coxsulate,
Plymouth^ October 6, 1888.
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
473
aUPPLEMEKTABT REPORT BT OON8VL FOX.
Though not vet;j active generally trade and commerce in this locality shows a dis-
tinct itaprovemeut on the preyious year. It is not merelj^ maintaining its position^
hut there^re indications of an advance in the right direction.
The mail-boats during the year have numbered 409) of which 335 were home and
74 outward, as compared with 403 (319 homeward and 84 outward) in the preceding
year.
The passengers landed and embarked have been, roughly estimated, between 9,000
and 10,000.
The total tonnage of cargoes coming into the Great Western Docks, Plymouth,
was 318,513, an increase of about 6,000 on the preceding year. The cargoes have
included the following : Grain, 112,748 tons ; coala, 42,908 ; clay, 19,525 ; manures,
21,790.
The Cattewater Harbor and Sutton Harbor give the following statistics :
flarbon.
Cattewater Harl)or :
Veaaela enter log ...
Registered tonnage
Satton Harbor:
Vesaebi entering . . .
Begistered lou&age
1,863
iae,0O3
998
102,000
1.492
174,907
1,064
105, 775
From various parts of this country there are encouraging reports of general trade
progress (with occasional exceptions), notwithstanding tnat agricnltnre continues
depressed, though there are signs of improvement.
FACTOKIES.
Factories and other works not dependent on local support have been in fairly good
w;ork, and the reports concerning proposed new ventures would appear to indicate
that the field is not yet fully occupied.
TELEPHONE EXCHANGE.
Plymouth Telephone Exchange has developed new energy and enterprise in the
past twelve months, and as a natural result, good progress has been made. During
1888, messages to the number of 296,600 have passed through the exchange, and with
the reply messages of the subscribers, the number would oe 593,200, an average of
2,510 for each subscriber, or less than 1 penny per message. The total number of
messages in the previous year was 213,000, an average of 1,060 per subscriber. Since
the Ist of January, 1888, fifty-four new subscribers have joined the system, bringing
the total number up to 253.
INVOICES AND DECLARED EXPORTS.
Great as was the increase in the number of invoices presented at this consulate dur-
ing the year 1887, the year 1888 shows a still greater increase, the invoices for that
^ear numbering 124.
The value of declared exports from this district to the United States last quarter
amounts to $74,974.32.
FISHERIES.
The fisjiery trade of this port continues large. The following particularn, taken
from official returns, will show the steady* increase in the quantities carried inland
from the port of Plymouth by the respective lailway companies:
Railways.
GrfMt Western
London and Soutli western.
Total
1882.
1883.
1884.
1885.
]88«.
Tons.
083
1,807
Tons.
870
1.845
Tons
726
1,086
Tons.
781
2,817
Tons.
1,160
3,600
2,700
2,716
2,711
8,508
4,868
1887.
Tons.
1,854
3,262
474
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
It is hoped that the labors of the eentlemen connected with the marine biological
station, recently opened, may some day help to solve important questions connected
with thi^indnstry, and thas prove the practical benefit which eventually most come
from the stndy of fishes and their foods, etc.
Mr. Qeorge Kingston, United States consular agent at Dartmouth, reposts:
" The trade of the town has been small with the exception of the engineerin/;
works of Messrs. Simpsim, Strickland &, Co., who do a large business in the building
of steam launches and small steamers. Other shipbtiildinff business has been small,
mostly in connection with repairing^ and fitting out yachA
Tbere has been somewhat of an improvement of late in the coaling business for
supplying steamers with bunker coals.
About 1,600 tons of valonia have arrived here from Smyrna to be conveyed by rail
to different places in the nei^hborhooil.
A few cargoes of timber, principally from Russia; also a few small cargoes of apples
from French ports and the Channel Islands.
The Cape mail boats call here fortnightly for mails and passengers, as well as the
West Indm, Demerara, and Falkland Islands and South America boats, the latter
every eight weeks.
* The harvest has been poor with the exception of hay and turnips."
Mr. Thomas Kenonf, United States consular agent at Jersey, reports:
"I beg to oouBrm my report of 30th September last, having nothing new to add
thereto. There are always about the usual quantities of United States products and
manufactures imported in this island indirectly via England.''
Mr. William Carey, United States consular agent at Guernsey, states:
** 1 have nothing to report of interest to commerce or trade."
THOS.W. Fox,
ContuL
United Statrs Consulate,
riymoulhf January 12, 1889.
SCOTIiAND.
Value of declared exports from the consular agency at OalaehieU to the United Statee dur-
ing the year ending September 30, 1888.
Articles.
Woolen goods:
Scotch tweeds
Hosiery
Brithh wooloos ....
Engliflh worsteds ..
Wool scouring machine
Whisky and sherry . . . .
Wool
Total.
Qaarter ending—
Deo. 31, 1887.
Mar. 31, 1888.
171, 884. 67
3, 525. 11
03.72
1, 436. 04
76, 039. 54
$54,870.07
4,125.08
24a 68
174.62
50, 42d. 25
Jane 80, 1888.
$37,584.80
104.20
27,770.00
Sept. 30, 1888.
$88,883.40
4,887.38
88,730.82
Total for
year.
$238,212103
8,586.73
4,125.98
03.72
24.-<.68
174.63
1,436.04
252,878.70
United Statks Consular Agency,
GalaehieU, September 29th, 1888.
Richard IiKbs,
Coniular Agent,
EUROPE — UN\TED KINGDOM,
475
OLAsaow.
REPORT BY CONSUL UNDRRWOOD.
GENERAL TRADB.
Altboagh present tndicationB point to an increase of business for the coming year,
the statistics of navigation show that the year Jast closed has been only moderately
prosperous. In the number of arrivals of coastwise sailing vesseU there is a falling
off of nearly 10 per cent. ; of foreii^n sailing vessels^ nearly 17 per cent.^ and of the
tonnage of all sailiog vessels, nearly 5 per cent. In the nnmber of arrivals of steam
vessels, foreign and coastwise, the increase is abont 1 per e«|t., and of tonnage 8 per
cent.
The nnmber of arrivals of steam-vessels firom the United States is 199; six more
than in the year preceding, with an increase of toiinage of 21,099 tons.
8HIP-BUILDIKO.
The great improvement at present to be noticed is in ship-building. While it can
not be called, in popular phrase, a '* boom,'' it is a very strong .movement, reaching
nearly every yard, and bringing with it higher prices for ships, for labor, and for ma-
terials. The number of vessels launched for the year ending September 30, 1887, was
167 ; tonuage 173,31b ; for the year ending September 30, 1688, 214 ; tonnage 222,897^
The iucrease during the last nine months is shown by the figures representing the
tonnage of vessels launched.
Tons.
Jane ; 21,370
July 23.950
Augnst 29,339
September 86,730
Tods.
Janniiry 13,381
Febmary 3,674
March 26,285
April 17,888
MAj 13,670
Of the vessels launched in September all were steam-ships, except one sailing ship
of 2,400 tons. A year ago (September 30, 1887) there were building 41 steam-vessels
with a tonnage of 96,S30 tons and 5 sailing-vessels with a tonnage of 9,423 tons.
At present there are building 79 steam-vessels with a tonnage of 176,502 tons, and 19
sailing vessels with a tonnage of 29,39.'> tons.
The large number of new orders comes from the increased demand for freights at
better prices, and it is probable that even more vessels would be built except for
their increased cost. Tha^t operates as a wholesome check, otherwise there might be
again an overproduction, and freights would fall to an unremunerative figure. In
August last a steamer to carry 4,000 tons freight, wirh triple expansion engines, could
be got for about £27,000 ; to-day the price would be £33,000. Sailing ships have ad-
vanced from £5.15 per ton to £6.10. The rise is due to the increased cost of iron and
steel and of wages. Steel angles are now £16 I2a. 6d. per ton, steel plates are £7 12«.
6d. and boiler plates £8, an increase of about 30 shillings in two months. Iron plates
are now £6, an increase of 10 shillings.
Some firms have already granted an increase of 5r per cent, in wages, and such an
advance, or a larger one. is likely to become general.
There is no branch or industry, trade, or commerce so important for Glasgow as
that of ship-building, and if the present demand is maintained, the city will enjoy a
season of prosperity.
THE IRON TRADB.
The prices of pig-iron warrants during the past year have fluctuated between 449.
9d. and 37«. Id, The highnr figure was reached nearly a year ago. At the begin-
ning of the present year prices began to fall and continued, with slight reactions, to
drop until May, when the lowest point was touched. Then came a gradual stiffening
of prices until warrants were quoted in September, at i2$. 10i({. ; since which there
hns been a decline and to-day (October 1) they were quoted at 40«i 7d.
The volume of business is large, and the exports of iron to all countries, except
the United States, aie much above the average. The revival of shin-building is hav-
ing a strong influence upon the prices of all descriptions of iron and steel.
The markets of cotton, linen, and woolen fabrics present no special feal
features of in-
terest.
476
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
EXPORTS TO THE UNITED STATES.
The total exports from this.consalar district to the United States amonnt to
$9,320,713.01, an increase over the preceding year of $1,457,030.46, about m.5 per
cent.
locreane —
Cotton goods
ChemioaU
Coals
FIhx
LaoM curtains snd nets
Linpn goiNls ^
PnlatoM, seeds and fruit
Steel
Thread Wk-,..?
$228,401 81
63.fiOS.W
17. 853. 62
77. SIS. 48
77.346.27
15. 29L 21
856,463.14
91.14
124, 458. 86
Incrrase-^Contlnned.
Union goods (cotton and wool)
Wool
Woolen goods ..4
Decrease--
Pig inm
Old iron rails
Muslins
Silk goods
9SOS.486.76
88.4SlfiS
1S4.022.»
557. 10.1. »
300.310.^9
60, 801 23
15,751.31
The decrease in pig-iron is dne to increased prodnction in the United States, and
the great shipment of potatoes from Scotland was on account of the partial failare of
the crop in the United States..
IMPORTS FROM THE UNITED STATES.
In regard to imports from the United States, there have been some marked changes
not easily explained. There have been brought over of fresh beef 17,219,0:24 pounds,
which is au increase of 5,333,956 pounds over the year preceding, bat less than the
figures for 1886 by 10,313,556 pounds. The increaRC in live cattle is 5,839 head. At
700 pounds each, this amounts to an increase of 4,0b7,300 pounds. There was also an
increase in the following:
Indisn com bnshels..
Flimr cwts..
Clii'OHe do —
Lard do...,
Lo.ither do...
130.
111,086
3.728
2,753
2,887
Shoe pegs owta.
Canned meats cases.
Staves pieces.
Lnmber .» do...
There was the following decrease :
Wheat bushels.. 181.608
Oitmenl cwts.. 24.967
IJiitter do.... 7.576
Salt pork do.... 1,316
Hams do 19,860
Tallow
Tobacco do ...
Oil>oake ^ bags..
Rosin ......cwts..
Apples barrela..
446
565
779. 8M
67,421
18,006
29,249
41,800
10, .'41
6^229
THE SUGAR TRADE.
The movomont of sugar has taken a turn. The landing certificates issued here for
the year ending September 30, 1887, showed that about 110,000 barrels of refined
sugar had been imported from the United States.
The following figures (from landing certificates) show the subsequent importations :
Barrels.
Dereniber quarter, 1887 8,533
Marcli quart4)r, 1>^88 11,689
Jane quarter, 1888 1,150
BmvpIs.
September quarter, 1888 1,
Total 23,362
As the price of refined sugar has been put np in the United States the redneries of
Greenock are again busy and large shipments are made each week. Sugar to the
value oH about $76,000 was included in the item of '* provisions " in the accompany-
ing table. Next year it will form au item by itself, if the present movement con-
tinues. I give the qnantities and value of both raw and refined sugars shipped from
here to the United States in the first thirteen days of October, 1^8:
Raw sugar 9,69-2 cwt., valued at £5,296 6«. 3d; refined sugar, 1,698 cwts., valued at
£1,213 198. 3d.
Of treacle or molasses there have been imported for the year ending September 30,
18^, 18,86*2 hogsheads or casks. The certificates do not always mention the number
of gallons.
I give the opinions of a large importer of American produce as to the decrease in
certain staples.
WHEAT.
Tliin market is now receiving a supply from India, which from various reasons was
not so acceptable bofore as it is now.
The demand is also smaller on account of the increased importation of flonr.
I
EUBOPE — UNITED KINGDOM. 477
OATMBAL.
The oat crop in Scotland was good last year, and the low price of flour tended to
lessen the oonsumption of oatmeaL
BUTTEB.
The decrease is mainlv dne to the introdaction of margarine, which lessens the
demand for butter of all grades.
HOO PBODUCT8.
America is consuming more on account of the great increase of population. There
has also been a good crop from Ireland and an unprecedeutedly large supply from
Denmark. Less salt pork is used now at sea thau formerly, because steamers are
supplanting sailing-vessels, and as they make quick passages they require less salt pro-
visions.
TALLOW.
The decrease is due to the growing manufacture of candles from mineral products.
APPLES.
Apples fluctuate with the seasons, and last year was not so good as usual.
OIL-GAKS.
The decrease is due to the plenty of other cheap food for cattle, especially of root
crops, which were excellent.
GHEEoB.
The high price in the United States dnring the winter and part Qt the spring put
an effective check upon importation ; the same was true in a measure with regard to
Inrd. But a re<!liction in the large stocks in this city of the latter article necessitated
a larger supply, hence the increase. The price of cheese later on rose in this market
to a point'which attracted a supply from America ; and accordingly there was on the
whole an increase, which is very slight. This was caused by a reduction of the
stocks here, not by an increased consumption.
Danish produce in general is coming in largely and is well liked, on account of its
freshness, from the short transit.
From a recent circular there is reason to expect another competitor in this market
iu the shape of New Zealand cheese.
P. H Underwood,
Unittj) States Consulatk,
GUugoWf Ootcher 15, 188&
478
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
Beiwm ofwrrivdii of iailing-veinU at ikekarhor o/GUugowfin- ike ifear emdimg Jmtn
30, leea
1888.
1887.
GoMtlllff
So.
001
128
Tona.
81,852
63.326
Ko.
813
154
Tont.
83,068
ii*""?'"* "
60,478
ToUl
1,029
136,178
906
143.566
Countriei to which the above foreign-goivg veeeeU heUmged,
ConntriBs.
BriUiD and Its dependencies
Sweden
Norway
Germany
Denmark
Holland
Nam>
ber.
Tons.
60
26,827
2
722
44
18,]0»
0
2,709
8
603
1
856
Coon tries.
France
Portngal
Itoly
Uniied States of America
Mexico
Num-
ber.
Tons.
103
174
8,437
Betum of arrivaU of eteam-vesseU at Glasgow,
Coantries.
Scotland •
England
Irclaud
United States of America
Foreign
Total
188&
No.
10,568
1.687
2,235
109
7>7
15,406
Torn.
720. 678
760,177
686,711
407,055
612,609
3, 116, 230
1887.
1^0.
Tona.
10,666
681. 139
1.473
688.046
2,112
654,604
103
888,966
703
572»916
16^047
2,883.661
t
Principal imports at Glasgow from the United States for the year ending September JO,
Articles.
Quantities.
Beef pounds.
Mutton
Live cattle bead.
Livesheep
WliP^ bnsbels.
Indian corn do ..
Flour cwts.
Oatmeal do ..
Butter do...
Cheese do...
Lard • do...
Bacon do...
17,210,024
14,' 624
1, 854. 617
3.864,536
6,253,083
12, 010
44216
61, 078
72,781
68,416
Articles.
Salt pork cwt.
Hams do...
i^AvOor ...........•.•••.....• .Qo. • .
Tallow do...
Bosin do...
Sboe-p?g8 do...
Tobacco do...
Oilcake bags.
Canned meats cases.
Apples burels.
-Slaves pieces.
Lumber do...
Quantities.
15.024
90,3ri
15.327
33.139
180,344
1.956
48,169
41.800
45,023
96.064
1,007,543
163. 4tt
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
479
Fdlue of declared exports from ike consular district of Glasgow to (ke United States during
'Ike four quarters of the year ending September 30, 1888.
Axticles.
B«0f
Books
Cuttongoods
Carpets, oorpetiog, wad rags
Cattle
Chemicals
Coals
Uojsa
Eartbenware
FircMslay goods
Fishing got
Flax
Fare
Gum and paints
Glass and glassware
Granite monuments
HatAantlcaps
Hemp and J uto goods
Hemngs
Hides and skins
Horses
Iron (pig)
Iron (acrap)
Iron railii (old)
Lace curt ains and nets
Lace and trimmings
Linen soodn
Machinery and iron ware
Muslins
Paper and ]>aper stock
Paper hangings
Printed paper
Ponies
Potatoes, seeds, and fruits
ProTtstons
Kags (old and new)
Shawls
Silk soodfl
Steel.
Steel rails (old)..
Stone and stone ware
Tapestry and chenille goods . . . .
Toracco pip«s (clay)
Thread
Union goods (cotton and woolen)
Whisky
Wines and liquors
Wire goods
Wool ,
Woolen gooda '.
Mlsoellaneotts
Total in n. 8. gold
Total for preceding year
Increase .
Decrease
Quarter ending—
Deo. 81, 1887.
Mar. 81, 1888. June 80, 1888.
16,622.73
2,917.23
260, 425. 56
48, 230. 28
113,080.38
&8,639.40
313. 88
2,502.93
7,597.69
12,374.55
84,097.36
3,800.86
8, 048. 02
13, 210. 61
7,26410
108.84
256 36
07,952.43
32,414.94
876, 580. 44
4, IFO. 63
49, 66'>. 84
23,489.94
32,477.94
26,542.95
42, 87& 40
16. 661. 13
6.0iH).88
3,720.47
3,124.29
183,933.45
11.276.U5
8, 590. CO
8,202.81
22, 776. 88
228, 282. 54
125,121.97
5, 352. 57
4, 197. 57
6,058.76
262,259.80
192,566.07
32,091.65
1,799.80
1.057.78
103.659.88
76, 105. 30
18,568.51
$8,856.78
1.898.75
841,290.31
84, 253. 82
2,623,086.63
1,679,46L55
943,625.08
94;28&12
23. 740. 66
927.06
2, 849. 30
5, 726. 32
10,663.42
84,627.92
1, 226. 03
5, 610. 60
14, 100. 88
1,621.66
2,559.26
315.66
212.91
20,156.96
60, 713. 79
212,322.50
4,345.60
8, 712. 08
83, 232. 15
24, 732. 78
•42,146.36
20, 739. 77
58, 038. 27
8, 822. 02
06,85
8,237.51
111.91
511.138 33
4, 193. 24
8, 536. 50
12,079.65
29, 809. 13
120, 663. 57
1, 468. 16
4, 466. 11
8,546.64
4, tf62. 28
248. 388. 19
238. 937. 54
4,036w73
1, 684. 00
871.88
89, 319. 00
96, 366. 87
6,456.45
2,611,203.67
1, 838, 762. 44
672,441.18
$14,032.30
8,221.45
179, 189. 73
28,983.85
81,073.26
17, 387. 73
1,384.24
8,011.46
12, 844. 50
6,020.09
69,779.25
l,993.h4
9, 6*0. 08
17,300.05
1, 132. 58
2, 541. 42
509. 17
104. 50
8.747.06
126, 063. 72
258,028.40
89,742.12
8, 810. 93
25,867.87
10,407.12
25,78&59
12, 085. 80
8,504.97
7.405.21
210.2»0.62
7,034.73
10,001.20
22, 743. 58
63,193.28
168, 15& 26
6,221.16
5. 552. 10
6,287.45
231. 510. 19
122,637.57
4, 16a 72
1.283.26
188.16
51,162.47
67,121.88
6,017.31
1,057,066.02
2,087,200.14
129,832.22
Sept. 80, 1888.
$10,083.08
7, 016. 04
253,971.92
02,877.48
1,216.62
66. 239. 94
40, 502. 33
1. 346. 57
4,278.75
14, 061. 84
7,168.48
93,681.78
10,230.68
15, 267. 87
16,211:38
11.629.83
851.63
45,507.05
176,640.07
200,377.83
61, 672. 32
24,114.81.
41, 705. 16
14. 084. 53
35, 706. 66
10,006.48
197.96
2, 864. 72
5,601.34
30».27
83, 302. 31
8, 470. 16
46,414.08
63,562.28
130,851.46
7,072.68
21. 62& 37
5,004.01
216, 701. 74
114, 253. 11
17, 111. 38
1, 880. 18
1,244.33
164,801.62
88.140.00
8,462.69
2,228,465.88
2,258,159.42
29,703.58
Total for
the year.
130,
16,
1,034.
205,
1,
854,
185,
3,
12.
40.
35,
832,
17.
80,
60.
2.
23,
1.
172,
886.
1,047.
4.
7.
224,
81,
142,
72,
162.
48,
6.
13,
16,
005^
103,
86,
84,
160.
647,
12G,
22,
39,
22,
958,
669,
57.
6,
• 8.
854.
329,
84,
003.89
953.47
877.52
354 43
216.62
600.70
170. 21
980.75
642.53
230.44
22&54
136.31
321. 02
346.57
831.02
754.24
004.61
033.67
4'J4. 43
364. 30
681.52
317.67
345.60
901.71
312.43
148.46
287.83
364.87
498.02
474.93
894.21
317.67
302.75
666.67
808.83
607.55
440. 12
341.57
955.83
DOO. 12
112.52
024.68
002.50
058.02
305. 10
406.48
047.28
362.15
942.47
743.88
504.06
0,320,713.01
7, 863, 682. 55
1, 457, 030. 46
* Thia indcides raw vid refined sngars of the yalae pf $76^461.19.
480 COMMEHCIAL RELATIONS.
BBPOET BT OONSVL WALLJNO.
SALTRD MEATS.
The direot importations of hog prodncts have been vei^ small, dealers anpplying
/heir wants from Glasgow and Liverpool. The cousumpti'^ e demand has been under
au average. The importance of the trade is not whatit wau a few years a^, and for
this there are several canses. Notably the low values which have prevailed of late
for home-fed beef and mutton accompanied by an econooiical retail uiatribntion ; and
the irregularity in quality of al] but one or two brands for which prices asked are so
high that it is unremnuerative to handle. The imports of dead hogs from Sweden
.'lud Denmark, slightly salted, gutted, but head and feet on, have been on a considera-
ble scale, and this new source of supply will probably develop. Importations from
the United States might be increased were packers there to pay attention to out and
cure of their meats and consult the taste of the market.
BUTTER.
The butter trade this year, so far as it has yet gone, has been quite exceptional as
regards prices, which advanced and declined at times quite unknown before. The
production everywhere was large, and prices during the summer were rarely if ever
lower; this had the effect of iucrcafeing the consumption considerably, to the preju-
dice of substitutes, such as the fiuer grades of margarine. Now that the antumu is
approaching the impression begins to prevail that the supplies are going to be short,
and there is at present a general inclination to lay in stoclu for the winter, in the
expectation of a rapid advance in price.
The'qnality of Danish butter ha^ on the whole been satisfactory, although there is
a pretty generally expressed opinion that the new process (centrifugal separator)
may produce a uniform, but at the same time not a keeping quality. A good deal of
Danish butter this summer became blue or moldy in a few weeks. Ireland produced
largely this season, and as prices were moderate there was a considerable business
done.
American and Canadian creamery and ladle packs have come forward very spar-
ingly, and as the dealers here seem lately to be prejudiced against them, importers
have not been tempted to risk large lots after the heavy losses of last year. ^
CHEESE.
The preference for Canadian cheese as against American has beeu still more marked
(Ills season than in any former year; in fact almost the only American cheese that
have come to this market have been western goods, and thoy are waute<l to supply ^
the demand for a cheaper article than is to be found in the arrivals from Canada.
LARD.
In Inrd the unRatisfaotory quality of ** prime steam " has so favored the consumption
of '* refined " that the imports of the former, except for refiners' use, are now on a
comparatively small scale.
FLOUR.
The imports of flour to the present time have not been so large as those of the pre-
ceding year. The local millers and foreign, chiefly Hungarian, houses have regained
much of the ground they seemed to havelost. The late abnormal advance and Hpecu-
latioti have put American flours, relatively, 4s. to 0$, per 280 pounds above every
other.
THE ARROW STEAM-SHIP COMPANY.
This well-equipped line of steam-vessels continues to develop a good trade betwren
the ports of New York and Leith. During past year there have been upwards of
twenty-four arrivals from New York, importing to Leith, in the aggregate, 21,500 tous
wheat, 5,400 tons maize, :i52,000 sacks flour, 6,000 pails lard, 6,800 tierces lard, 6,:^
boxes cheese, 4,000 oases meat, 15,000 bales cotton, 11,800 barrels paraffine scale, 8,000
bags oil-oake, 7,500 barrels oil, 5,800 bags hoofs and horns, 1^850 barrels roeiu, alsn
large quantities of sugar, hams, bacon, cork, confections, treacle, raw apples, drie<l
apples, com meal, oysters, clover-seed, grass seed, tobacco, tallow, soap, witch-hazel,
bark, drugs, medicine, meat-Juice, hay, wheels, spokes, hubs, handles, brooms,
leather, shoe-pegs, blacking, sewing-machines, lawn-mowers, rakes, scy toe- snaths,
agricultural implements, foiks, harvest binders, pumps, chairs, washboards, clothes-
pins, ohuTiiBt salted hides, loga, boxAumVic^t^ clay oastingSi mnsioal merchandise,
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
481
Stones, staves, oak raoldiut^s, hardware, woocTonwaro, etc. Passenger traffic has
satisfactorily advanoed, as presaged iu my report last year. Freight rates have ad-
vanced to a high fig (lie and remain firm.
THE TWEED TRADE.
The woolen industry of the south of Scotland has undergone a gradual improve-
ment during the year. At no time can it be said that manutactnrers, as a rule, were
busy, there naving always been idle looms, but ihe volume of trade has substantially
increased. One factor in this result has undoubtedly been the largely reduced de-
mand for worsteds, a class of goods not made to any great extent iu the district, but
one which, when fashionable, materially affects* the woolen industry of the Scottish
border. There has been an increasing demand for what are known as cheviots, that
is, goods made from the wool of the breed known as Cheviot sheep. These goods are
rough in their texture, are generally loosely woven, and are the most popular for sum-
mer and autumn wear. Of late years they have been in demand for ladies* dresses
ami cloaks, and from their variety of pattern and coloring and the comfort of their
wear are certain to retain their hold.
During the year the price of wool rose and has been well maintained, and this firm-
ness had the tendency to strengthen the market generally in sympathy also with the
general trade of the country. In au industry so largely dependent upon two such
elements as fashion and climate, merchauts tne slow to order stock suitable only for
one season while the weather prospects are uncertain. During the year this consider-
ation has militated greatly against the prosperity of the great border industry, the
manufacture of the world-wide known *^ Scotcli tweeds.''
The subjoined schedules 1 and 2 show the prices of the leading descriptions of colo-
nial wool at 31st December, 1887, and 22d September, 1888, while No. 3 contains the
price&of home wool at the same dates.
Prices current of the leading descriptions of colonial wool, December 31, 1887.
Description.
Port Phillip—
Fleece
Scoured
Greasy ;
Sydney-
Fleece
Scoured
Greasy
Qaeensland—
Fleece
Scoared
Greasy
Adelaide—
Sooared
Greasy
New Zealand —
Scoured
Greasy .T.
Tasroaoia—
Fleece.. —
Grease
Bwan River—
Fleeee
Grease
Cross-bred —
Australian fleece
Australian secured
Australian f^reasy
Lambs —
Australian washed
Austral laiv^reasy
Pieces and locks —
Australian washed
Australian scoured
Australian greasy
Cape-
Snow white
Snow white, exceptional lots
Country scoured
Weetem fleece
Eastern
Eastern (Erease
Katal grease
Extra.
M. d.
2 3
1 10
1 3
t. d.
to 2 0|
0 IU
1 3
I 1*
1 0
I Oi
I
1
2
1
8
2
£
2*
1
1
2
1
9
3
I 7
1 8i
l.U
1 6i
I
1
6
74
1 1| 12*
0
0
8*-
8*.
Superior.
s. d.
1 7 to
1 M
0 111
1 5
1 6
0 10^
1 5
I 5
0 10
1 5
0 04
1 6
0 10*
1 6
0 11
1
0
1
1
3
34
3»
0 U
1 8
0 11
34
34
0 8*
1 3i
1 14
0 11*
0 10
0 6*
0 7
0
9
14
10
9
0
9
8
0
7
11
8
114
10
1
4
10
6
«4
1
1
2
!*
,«4
10
2
04
0 11
0 8
0 8
Average to
»rage
rood.
». d. 9. d.
1 3* to 1 6
13 16
0 9 0 104
1 2
0 8
1 4
1 5
0 10
1
1
0
1
0
2
3
74
2
7
1
1
0
1
0
4
4
94
4
84
1 3
0 8
1 2
0 84
1 1
0 8
1 0*
1 0|
0 9*
1 3
0 8
1 0
1 0
0 64
1 5
0 94
1 4
0 10
1 2*
0 9
1 2i
1 2*
0 lOi
1 6
0 10
1 2
1 2*
0 8
I 2\ 13
\
1 0
0 10*
0 84
0 5*
0 «
1 1
0 11
0 94
0 0
Inferior to
average.
9. d. 9. d.
1 0 to 1 3
1 0
0 6*
0 11
0 11*
0 6
0 10*
0 11*
0 6*
0 11
0 5
0 11*
0 6
0 11
0 6
0 10
0 6
0 10
0 9
0 7
0 4
14
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
I'
1 0*
0 7
0
0
0
4
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
»4
2
7
0 6 0 11*
0 6 0 11*
0 3 0 6
0 11* 12
\
0 10
0 9
0 6*
0 4
0 11*
0 loi
0 8
Q Q\
10611 o n 31
482
COltMESCI^ RELATIONS.
Prioei <mrrent of the leading desoriptione of oolonial wool, September 22, 1888.
Deaoription.
Port Phillip:
Fleeoe
Scoured
Greasy
Sydney :
Fleeoo
Scoured
Greasy
Queensland :
Fleeoe
Scoured
Greasy
Adelaide:
Scoured
Greasy .•..^. —
Kew Zealand:
Scoured
Greasy
Tasinania:
Fleeoe
Greasy
Swan Riyer :
Fleeoe
Greasy
Crossbred:
Australian fleece
Australian soourod
Australian greasy
Lambs:
Australian washed
Australian greasy
Pieces and locks :
Australian washed
Australian scoured
Australian greasy
Cape:
Snow-white
Sdow- white (exceptional lots)
Country scoured .
Western fleeoe
Eastern fleece
EsAtern grease
Natal
Extra.
§. d. ». 4.
Tii'to'i'iii
1 10
1 10 1 10|
1 s
1 7
1 6
1 7*
0
0
n
0 9
0 9
Saperior.
a. d, $. d,
1 R to 2 1
1 7i 1 10
10 12
1 6
1 7
0 11
in
0 11
0 Oi
1 7
0 11
1 «*
1 0
1
0
1
1
8
3
3
0 11
1 8
0 10
1 4*
1 H
0 0
1 10
}?
1 10
1 8
1 1
1 8
0 10^
1 9
1 Ok
1 10
1 2
1 4
0 10
1 9k
1 6i
1 0
2 1
1 1
1 7
1 7
0 10
1 8i 1 4
0 111
0 10
0 7
0 7|
1 2*
1 0{
0 11
0 8
0 8
Arerage to
gc^.
«. tf. $. d.
1 4 to 1 6^
0 11
0 01
1 2|
1 8
0 Sk
1 5
1 0
0 10^
18^ 1 6|
18 15
0 8 0 10
18 1 U
0 7i 0 0
14 16
0 9 0 10^
13 1 5i
0 9| on
11 18
0 8 0 9
1 0| 1
1 ol 1
0 9 0
1
0
1
1
0
9
1
1 2| 1 8
Inferior to
average.
a. d. B. <C
I 1 to 1 3|
II 13
0 7 0 9
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
6i
0
0
0
H
0
7
1 2
1 3
0 8
1
1
0
1
0
2i
2
?
1 0
0 6^
0 10
0 H
0 10
0 10
0 7
0 9
0 4
0 7
0 7
0 3
in
1 0*
0 7
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
2
I 0|
1
n
10 12
0 10|
0 »
0 7
0 4i
0 5
1 0
0 10|
0 8
0 6
0 6
Description.
Half-bred ». per pound..
Clieyiots do....
Blaok-l'aoed*. do
1887.
$. d, B, d.
0 lU to 0 0
0 10 12
0 5| 0 7
1888.
B. d. B. d,
0 li^ to 0 0
0 9 10
0 6t 0 6|
*Acoording to quality.
It may not be uninteresting to have appended wha^kn^y be regarded aa tha price
of the different varieties of Scotch woolen goods for the ensning Spring seaaon.
They may be stated thus : Cheviots, 38. 6(2. to 6«. per yard ; width, &6 inches. Sax-
onies (including fine shirtlng8)| lie, 6d. to 78. 6d. pet yard; width, 56 inobeey
Worsteds, &8. to 8«. 6d. per yard ; width, 56 inches.
HOSIERY AND UNDERWEAR.
This branch of the woolen industry has been good, and dnring the year has con-
siderably extended in the district, the principal seat of manufacture being Hawick.
The demand for real Scotch-made under-clothing has not been affected by the intro-
duction of JiJBger or German hosiery into Eui^land, as has been the caae in the
Leicester district. These German goods have had what may be termed a fictitious
reputation, in consequence of the representation that they possess special health-pro-
tiioling and sanitary properties, owing to their being mauufactured exclusively from
und^'t'd wooia and to tlieir beVuj^ fr\ie i'tom au^ aduiixture of cottoik
k
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM. 483
It 18 desirable to note in this connectioD ^hnt the white Iamb's- wool underwear
made in this district for upwards of a century is exclusively composed of pure nn-
dyed wool, while iu the case of these German goods the presumption is to the con-
trary as It is authoritatively stated that the whole natural bro\^n wool grown annu-
ally throughout the world would be insufficient to oroduce evenfive percent, of tliem.
Assuming that nndyed wool underwear possesses all the properties claimed for it by
the Germans it must be admitted the whole of the white hosiery goods produced in
Scotland have the same merits, as they are certainly nndyed. The information
would be valuable if the sources of supply of these so-called natural brown wools
and the quantities actually manufactured in Germany were ascertained and thftse sta-
tistics contrasted with the amount of Jaegers hosiery imported into thi^ country alone.
(hie element which during this present season has contributed towards improving
the hosiery trade in Scotland is the operation of the Merchandise Marks Act of last
session which came into operation on August 23, 1B87. Hitherto goods have been
made in the Nottingham and Leicester districts in imitation of Scotch hosiery and
exported to the continent of Europe and to the United States and Canada labelled
** Scotch Hosiery." By this act it is constituted an offense punishable on conviction
on indictment by imprisonment with or without hard labor for a term not exceeding
two years or to a fine or to both imprisonment and fine, and on summary conviction
to imprisonment ^ith or without hard labor for a term not exceeding four months or
to a nne not exceeding £20 j and in the case of a second or subsequent conviction to
imprisonment with or without hard labor for a term noc exceedin>; six months or to
a fine not exceeding £50: to sell or expose for sale or have in possession for sale
or for any purpose of trade or mauufuotnre any goods to which any false ''trade
description'' is applied. In a '' trade description "of any goods is included a defini-
tion directly or indirectly of the place or country in which said goods were made or
produced. The result is that Leicester- made goods must now bear in any description
of them as Scotch hosiery and Scotch lamb's- wool hosiery the words, '* made in Lei-
cester.'' This qualification of the character of the hosiery sold as ''Scotch" has
already had the effect of drawing the attention of buyers to the fact that Leicester is
not in Scotland and has already created an increased demand for Scotch hosiery in
the place of its origin.
AGRICULTURB.
The spring of 1888 was a most untoward season. Flock- masters incurred heavy ex-
pen'ses in proyiding food for their sheep, and the death rate amongst lambs was much
above the average. The seeding for grain crops was delayed beyond the usual period.
A cold, sunless summer followed, and an almost nnpreccdentedly late harvest is the
consequence. Hay was a heavy crop, but considerably spoilt in many districts by
rain. Grain crops show bulk above the average, but in outlying high districts are
badly matured and ripened, and it is not expected that the yield will be satisfactory.
Wheat will be the worst of the cereal crops iu Scotland. There will be little really
fine quality, as it never got sufficient sunshine and warmth, and the result as regards
out-turn is expected to be very poor, being at present estimated to be from 30 per
cent, to 40 per cent, short of last year.
Of course if the present advance in prices lasts for any time farmers will get more
money for any fair conditioned lots, but this will nothing like compensate them for
their short quantity. Barley generally is inferior, but there will be a large quantity
of good, useful malting quality, provided it gets safely housed now, and the yield
will likely be a full average one. The crop of oats, where it is properly ripened, is a
very good one — by far the largest crop of the season. Some very fine lots have already
come to market, while a considerable quantity in not very good condition has been
thrashed and put on sale. The condition of turnips varies. On dry, warm soils they
look well, but they are a verv indifferent crop on wet, cold clay. Potatoes are under
the average in quantity ; and in some places are affected by disease.
Beef and mutton during the last six months have brought higher prices than during
the corresponding montlu of 1887.
%
484
COMMERCIAL BELATI0N8.
A. — ImporU atZeith, Sootland^ far the year ending June^, 1888.
DMczlption.
From the rrnited States
Wheat. . . .buahela. .
Maize do.
Floor....
Wood....
.baft,
.loaas.
ToUl.
From Canada:
Wheal bnabels.
Pease do...
Maise do ..
Flour.... bass.
Wood loads.
Total.
From South America:
Wheat ...bushels.
BMrley do ..
Maize do...
Woo<l loads.
Guano.. tons.
Total.
Quantity.
2,077.476
268,029
240,052
1.880
From Holland:
Wheat. . . . bushels .
Pease do...
Malt.... .....do...
Wood loads.
Flax.^ tons-
Total.
From Hambars:
Barley .... bushels .
Beans do...
Tkcvb do ..
Kye du...
Flour hags.
Flkx tons.
Total.
From Germany
Whoiit — bushels.
Barley do ..
Oats do...
Pt-ase do...
Beans... do. . .
Tnres do...
Kve . . . • ... . . do • . .
Flour hags.
Woo«l lojids.
Flav tons.
Hemp do...
Tow do...
Total.
From Denmark:
Barley — bushels .
Kve do...
Flour bags.
Wood loads.
Total
From Norway:
Wood loads.
Ouano tons.
Total.
From Sweden :
Barley .... bnshels .
Yaloe.
192.426
48.110
17, 152
104
4,607
49.2S0
80,920
72.063
2
986
178
688
800
7
162
23.920
31,716
860
1,060
13,120
12
58,960
5.201
6,806
78
20,668
356
18,400
$1,973,602.20
260,460.46
1,839,792.40
42,849.00
4,126,606.05
117, 120
363,680
153, 016
220, 460
61.904
4.264
96, 740
406
1,140
8U5
8,281
668
182. 804. 70
48.415.50
18,009.60
774.80
114,928.60
861,933.10
46,816.00
22.671.60
76.656.66
61.00
87,262.48
182,846.78
169.10
616.80
880.00
17&60
26.898.48
28, 741. 88
17,461.60
33,801.80
486.00
1.113.00
97, 744. 00
1,992.48
162, 09& 88
111.264.00
258.186.40
00. 400. 40
231, 472. 50
64.999.20
f>, 766. 40
100. 627. 00
3, 695. 20
20, 070. 00
133, 662. ?0
428, 104. 88
77, 400. 54
1,6«3,698.72
43, 010. 80
5. 6.')6. 55
43. 025. 20
1, 989. 00
94. 610. 65
624, 484. 00
13, 376. 40
637.860.40
13,432.00
DeacriptSon.
From Swedw— Cont*d:
Oats bnshels.
Wood loads..
Total.
From Russia:
Wheat . . . bnshels . .
Barley do....
Oata do
Poaae do....
Beans do....
Tares do ...
Mkiso tio....
Flour bags...
Wood ..... .loads. .
Flax tons...
Hemp ..... do . . . .
.LO^v ........ UO. . . .
Total.
From France :
Barley. . .bnshels. .
Pease do....
Flour. .... .baga. . .
Wood loads..
Flax tons..
Tow do....
ToUl
From Belicinm:
Flax tons.
Tow do...
Total.
From Spate t
Wood loads..
From G«rmanla :
Barley. . . bnshels . .
Maise do ...
Total.
From Austria:
Wheat ..bushels.
Barley do...
Flour bags.
Wood loads.
Total.
From Turkey:
B*rley . . . bushels.
Rye do...
Maize do...
Total.
From Africa:
Barley ..bushels.
Beans do...
Guano tODS.
Total.
From East Indies:
Wood loads.
From Australia:
Wheat ..bushels.
Grand total
Quantity.
16,840
6^607
766,864
882,360
1,103,976
246,228
26.240
16,948
480,811
67,120
416
87.576
6,183
1.381
384
116,800
845
12,396
2
638
122
649
6
675,400
197,720
10. 416
465,280
62,720
260
836,760
70,136
167,560
172,640
88,756
1,848
834
63,146
Valna.
$10.2MLOO
168,47&60
193; 206. SO
728;
644.
TTt,
257,
27,
21.
451.
50.
3.
958v
1.0:M,
180,
46,
056l80
122.80
084.40
489.40
662.00
6S0.80
826l56
076.60
099.20
18&00
635.32
192.88
346.22
5.181.080.87
84.634.00
862.25
91.003.20
6L00
80.829.63
14,350.86
S8O.S30.83
107.760.96
70ai78
108,465.74
M>2.00
493,048.00
a07.00&00
700.648.00
0.895.20
839,6 4.40
392.764.00
6,604.50
748,918.10
172,104.80
73,642.80
136,938.00
421.686.60
126.027.20
49.693.80
60,792.64
317.513.64
8,517.00
50,988.70
12,949.450.29
k
EUROPE — ^UNITED KINGDOM.
485
BBCAPITULATION OF IHPOBTS.
▲rtioles.
Grain:
WhMt bushels.
Barley do...
Oats .' do...
Pease do...
Beans do...
Tares do...
Rye do...
Maise do...
Halt do...
Total.
Floor bags.
Oatmeal do...
Wood loads.
Guano tons.
Flax do...
Tow do...
Hemp.. ................................................ ....do...
Imported in—
188a
8,376,006
8, 033, 120
1, 862, 832
512,719
168,616
20,572
602,638
768,234
800
9,73^837
832,040
79,764
3,680
8,349
J. 183
4,663
1887.
2,346,452
2,678,064
876.641
253,773
122,524
22,866
342,006
874, 405
7,516,911
359,656
504
88,428
4,713
7,894
1,634
4^884
Increa8e+
aad
decrease—.
+929,964
+355,056
+486,191
+258,940
+36,092
— 2,294
+260,442
—106,261
+800
+2,218,926
-27,616
— 504
—15^664
—2,024
+956
-454
\
486
COMMERCIAL RELATTOVS.
B. — ExporU from Leiih, Scotland, for the year ending June^O, 1868.
Deacriptionu
To thft United StfttM :
Coal tons.
rig'iroo do..
Total.
ToCs|iiad»:
Coal tons .
Pijeirou .. ..do .
Total.
ToSoatk Aroorica:
Conl tons.
IMjs-irou do. .
l£aUfabIe iron. do. .
Total
To Holland :
ComI tona.
Pig-iron do .
Malleable iron. do. .
Total.
To Hamburg ;
C<)»1 tons.
PifC-lrou do..
Malleable iron. do. .
Total.
To Gorniauy :
Coal tons.
PifT.iroD do..
Malleable iron.do. .
Total.
To Denmark :
Coal tons.
Pijtiron do .
MiJleabloiron.do. .
Total.
To Norway:
Coal tons.
Pif(iron do. .
Malleable iron.do. .
Total.
To Sweden :
Coal....
.tons.
To Rassia:
CoaJ tons.
Pig-lron do..
Malleable iron.do. .
Total.
Qnantity.
8,218
3,000
1,834
14
13.637
50
12, 115
0,777
1
OOG
16,029
09
17. 625
9, 308
87
13.416
4,088
143
12,765
4
8
6,173
44,226
8.300
32
Valao.
$38,551.60
31, 020. 04)
69,571.60
11,370.80
144. 70
11.515.56
84,649.40
617.00
47.10
85,113.50
75,113.00
101,094. Iti
23.55
Description.
170, 230. 73
5, 9B9. 20
161.G03.88
2,331.45
16!), 924. 51
100.275.00
90, 244. 72
2, 048. 85
207, 668. 57
83, 179. 20
42, 2C0. 02
3, 307. 65
128, 8ia 77
79. 081. 00
41.36
188.40
79,310.76
32, 072. 60
274,201.20
34,184.04
763.60
309, 1)8. 84
To Frsn^yi:
Coal tons.
Pic-iron do..
Total.
ToBelKium:
Coal tons.
l'i;i-iron do..
Malleable iron.do.
Qoantity.
ToUl.
To Spain :
Coal...
.tons.
ToPortiiRal:
Coal tona
To Italy:
Coal tons.
Pig-iron do..
Total.
To Anstria:
Coal tons.
Pig Iron do..
Malleable iron.do.
Total.
To Egypt:
Coal tona.
To AfVira:
Coal tons.
To Wostlndiea:
Coal tona.
To Enst Indies:
Coal tons.
To Australia:
Pig-iron tona.
To China :
Pig-iron ... tona.
Malleable iron.do.
Total
To Japan :
Pig-iron tona.
Malleable iron.do.
Total
Grand total
12.543
8,9IG
3,652
14
1.889
1,261
23.650
1,550
2,W4
400
3
3,804
635
233
4639
308
.'S25
891
700
030
Valoe.
177,776.60
24. 496. 46
102, 262. («
24,279.*0
82,591.68
329.70
57,200.58
11,711.80
7,818.29
146.430.00
16,027.00
156, 457. OU
16,330.80
4.136.00
70.65
20.537.46
23,584.20
8,937.00
1,444.60
50,761.80
3,184.13
5.428.50
20,983.00
26^411.60
7.238.00
22,042.80
29,280.80
l,7T2,855^75
RECAPITULATION.
Total exports.
Qnantity for year ending June 30, 1888
Quantity for year ending June 30, 1887
Increase
Coal.
Pig-Sron.
Tom,
187,160
148,567
Tom.
54,180
50.377
38.602
6,197
Mslleabltt
iron.
Tmu.
2,213
1,366
847
\
EUROPE — ^UNITED KINGDOM.
487
C^KavigatUm ai ike port of IfUh, ScoUand, for the year ending August 31, 1888.
Tromorto—
Entered. «
Cleared.
Steamenk
Sailing veaaels.
Steamers.
Sailing Tesaels.
Britithflag.
United Statea....;
No.
82
68
20
Tont.
62. 619
41,932
21,422
No.
1
4
'2bn#.
897
818
No.
14
47
Torn.
25, 612
41. 631
No.
1
Ton$.
1,586
Knaaia (northern ports)
Knaaia (aoathem porta).!
Sweden
1
62
Norway .'
1
62
234
86
94
58
29
11
*" *398
44,096
136,772
82,604
43. 129
26.865
18,664
3,133
8
60
173
68
89
44
8
1,603
49,309
112,211
22,565
40, 991
22. 138.
1,351
Dentnarlc «-....
1
8
215
Germany
8
1
1
8
1
8
906
164
47
281
1,313
591
331
Holland
Belffinm
Franw ........x
23
......
2,088
Spain
Portnffal.
429
Italy ?
17
12, 728
Anatria
6
2
14
2
• 1
6,481
1,719
13,016
1,736
961
Turkey
Ronmania
Effvpt
2
2,187
,
Mexico .......:.;...;.;:.:;:..::..;
Brazil
•••■••
2
2,062
Pern
6
2
5,306
1,594
Clim
China>
8
4,192
All other oonntriea
19
2
16,266
2,829
4
2
1
1
3
1
1
15
1
6
2,242
1.190
547
1,274
685
45
705
8,597
272
891
2
925
British Poaaeaaiona:
North American Colonies ......
Bast Indies ^ .,, .....^^,.
4
2
1
6,515
2,203
148
1
1,161
West Indies
Channel Islsnda ...............
United States
Bnssia (northern porta)......
9
1
2.093
Sweden
......
• m Sm ••••»•
211
Norway ....»•.•..... .^...>.
7
1
L964
Germany
252
3
1
1
2
793
456
344
014
Spain
••••!•••'•
BraiU
All other oonntriea
\
Swedithflag.
United States
1
295
Russia (northern ports)...
1
455
2
13
350
2,896
Sweden...
13
1
3
3,298
Norway
809
Denmark
638
France
4
«#• • ■ •
1,274
Spain
1
1
1
1
1
3
17
15
67
13
1
363
295
403
335
309
1,055
4.622
3,657
12,091
1,000
82
Portugal
•*
Eeypt
SESoa. ..:;..:::.;::;;::. :.::;.:::
All other conn trlea
Norwegian flag.
Knssia (northern porta)
3
660
12
1
43
13
2
4,002
Sweden......
•
102
Norway
12
8,789
4
],324
9,156
Denmark
2. 209
Germany
2
1
462
167
181
Holland
Franca
2
2
669
845
Spain
Portujral
1
3
5
456
Braail
1
8
7
168
1,030
' 4,045
1,219
All other oonntriea
8,083
Britlah Poaaeaaions :
North American Colonies
aU other porto
2
1.027
]
488
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
C. — lfavig»Uo» eU (he port o/Leith, Seotiani, etc. — Continaed.
.^ramorto->
Sntared.
Clearad.
Staamera.
Sailiac Toaaela,
Steamera.
Sailing Taaaala.
Danith/lag,
UBitodStotM
Jfe.
Tont.
No.
1
7
9
11
• 10
6
8
2
2
Tons.
656
1,183
1,240
848
766
922
429
195
170
No.
TonB.
ifo.
roMf.
&u88im (northern porta)
6
2,772
Sweden.....................
••••••!•*•
Norway
Denmark .•...••...
2
I
242
298
8
1.198
17
8
1.418
600
Oennany ..........................
Holland
Belsinm
Franoe ............................
1
245
Italy
1
267
.&...•
»^^rtj .•■.••.•.■.....■■.•.•■■.......
Oormanjlai/.
United Statea
^
1
7
1
1
1
66
896
Hoaaia (northern Dorta)
0
8,864
8
3
1,755
252
1.223
884
Sweden
Norway
848
Deninarlc
1
67
9
1
6
107
7,588
1,518
102
896
106
Oennany .....•••..
0
3,438
4
8.658
6,306
Holland
BelifittDii
Zm^ ^ "••■" ..................... ....a.
xranoe
1
77
Aniitria
1
926
Chill
9
2
1,065
1,046
f
1
1
69t
British PoaMaaions :
3
2,862
436
All other porta ...........x...
1
429
Dutch Jlag,
Ruaaia (northern norta)
8
8
4
681
668
Oerinany
3
13
356
3,863
564
78
23
14
45,452
18, 578
7,864
72
21
15
42,457
11,664
7,632
SeTgitim
1
1
66
1,088
All othar conntriea
FrsnehJIag,
Franoe .............x^........'^.. .
1
11
8panith/Uig»
Snain
1
846
•
TtdUanJlag.
United Statea
1
684
1
889
nnaitlA /■AiithAm nAcfiB)
1
2,208
Italv
1
608
1
549
4
2,772
Baat Indiea ...... xa^.^^.. x .^
1
823
4
2,955
3
1,474
Turknv . .
2
1
1,280
640
•
1
463
Qrtcianjlag,
2
2,020
1
686
CJhili
1
587
1
875
Total for year endinj; Angoat
31, 1888
899
825
a
74
557,894
529, 047
390
448
89,889
91.006
638
620
407,526
404,838
275
861
63,806
Total Tor year ending Angoat
81.1887
68,278
Tneraixfle . .......................
28,847
18
8,688
14
11,631
TI«i*rAxiA
58
1,106
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
489
D. — Valut of declared exparU from the consular district ofLexih^ Scotland, to the United
States of America, during the four quarters of the year ending September 30, 1888.
Articles.
Ale
Alnm v'....
Antiqne plated fijoods . .
Bisouita
Books
Brass wire oloth
Barnt Tarkey umber...
Butter
Carpets
Coal
Corkwood
Dogs
.Dry colors
lllectr^^ty po plates
Enyolope paper
Fancy leather goods. . . .
Flax Killing twine
Fishing neb seines
Freestone
Gelatine
Glass ware
Grindstones
Herrings
Horses
India rubber clothing . .
India rubber mats
Iron castings
Limelaice
Hacmnery
Manilla rope «-.
Maps
Medicinal preparations
Morphia
Oatmeal
Oil paintings
Old iwpei's ...^....
Oleostearine
Orchestrone
Paper stock
Photographic trays
Ponies
Potatoes
Preserved provisions . . .
Printing ink
Printing material
Kaspberry cordial
Salmon seine net twine
Salt herrings
Sealing wax
Seeds
Silver plate
Soap-stock grease
Stained glass
Stationery
Steel pons
Stereoscopic negatives .
Stereotj]>e plates
Tartan plaids
Tea
Tynecsstle canvas
Vanilla pods
Velvet
Vulcanite goods
Water color paintings. .
Wearing apparel
Whisky
Wine
Wire oloth
Wool
Woolen cloth
Quarter ending —
Dec 31, 1887.
|7, 241. 17
118.80
2, 281. 52
88, 794. 14
504.19
275.44
2, 127. 11
3,334.69
3, 036. 33
2L00
676.53
203. 36
24, 720. 72
136.51
622.17
1,701.81
9, 412. 04
6, 645. 04
1,491.42
147.82
600.99
6,981.46
170. 33
366.98
750. 18
631.08
2,829.73
2,696.04
109 80
1, 273. 44
316. 32
303. 65
843.63
398.47
1, 654. 61
299.06
Total.
282.07
73.12
190. 28
172. 78
3. 24.S. 45
886.19
801.96
63, 523. 49
5. 170. 59
Mar. 31, 1888. June 30, 1888.
$5,80d.90
i04.16
1. 907. 18
96,058.46
1,202.45
11,116.81
21, 481. 22
1,070.91
403.95
4, 129. 47
63, 819. 53
""338.'77
296.61
27.86
350. 86
2,339.04
9,399.91
4, 426. 14
4, 996. 07
46.58
567.90
959. 59
360.12
850.38
'779.17
910.01
428.74
234. 73
673.15
1. 497. 46
314.82
7,646.27
233, 832. 97
234,924 22
Sept 30, 1888.
$10,713.58
895.09
121, 961. 67
73.00
103.66
1,088.47
2,192.62
61, 630. 33
441.86
165. 72
377. 07
340.65
4, 757. 96
3, 070. 76
88>).44
2, 303. 58
423.87
73.00
7, 810. 55
275. 02
156.28
633.67
651.46
92.14
1,413.01
52.74
843.82
462.32
2, 377. 28
133.10
435.55
1,217.03
178. 36
686.46
2, 518. 76
230, 540. 78
$2, 535. 02
1,372.84
46.48
1, 345. 46
72,134.97
101. 28
17, 814. 80
3,151.24
34.07
146.00
2,444.34
145.57
35. 199. 63
256.65
235.64
4,900.77
865.60
2,667.20
2, 714. 61
96.09
4,407.20
1, 687. 24
2,321.92
' '681.' si
613. 19
14&88
56.57
1, 108. 84
174.25
63.76
214.85
240. 25
8, 338. 14
852. 69
1, .'^35. 56
21, 032. 07
5, 891. 61
Total for
year.
126, 386. 67
1. 956. 80
46.48
6,429.25
378,849.24
1. 706. 64
376.72
13, 243. 92
834.69
42, 332. 35
4. 222. 15
622.92
675. 53
103.66
1,088.47
146.00
203.36
8, 766. 43
145. 57
175,400.21
834.02
• 1,262.30
6, 277. 84
340.65
296.61
27.86
1. 701. 81
4, 923. 56
8, 070. 76
359.86
15, 307. 32
21, 063. 04
6,341.43
243.91
633.09
23, 195. 28
1, 687. 24
46.58
2,321.92
275.02
1,009.92
1, 467. 46
759 18
2, 556. 32
2, 978. 61
92.14
1, 413. 01
3. 066. 16
162.60
66.57
1,273.44
.043.89
778.64
303. 65
6,180.13
133. 10
1, 787. 44
63.76
1, 654. 61
1, 424. 32
428.74
282. 07
1, 524. 88
368. 64
986.18
8, 767. 51
2. 06:). 70
2. 337. 52
74, 555. 56
21,227.23
191, 974. 99 891, 272. 96
490
COMMERCIAL. RELATIONB.
D.-^ValHe of declared exports from the consular district of Leith, Seotiamd^ to the Vmiti
of America, ^*o. — Continued.
AriicleA.
Quarter ending—
Total for
Dec. 81, 1887.
Mar.31,188&
Jane 80, 1888.
Sept.S0.188&
year.
IT. S. oooRolar af^pticy, Kftla-
BbtelA (a df prndoucy of Leitb) ;
Hritish woolens
Hl^SM
8L73
RoKlinh worntcda
$93.72
8,S2&11
71,884.67
Hoiilery
0104.20
27,584.80
$4,867.33
83,863.40
8.586.73
SS8,2I2.93
174.62
Scotch tweoda
64.870.07
174.62
Whiaky
Wool
1.438.04
1 436.04
Wool-acouring machine
24^68
218. Oe
Total.....
70, 980. 54
50.420.25
27,779.00
88,780.82
252,87^70
BKCAPITUI.ATIOlf.
Leith oonaolate, total exporta an
abore
233, 831 07
76,030.54
234,024.22
60.420.25
230,540.78
27.770.00
101,974.00
88^730.82
ft
Ml 9n.fl6
Oalaabtela oooaalar aiEcncy, to-
tal exporta aa above
25^878.70
From thia ooDiinlar dis-
trict during lKR7-'88. ..
From this cousnlar dis-
f^ict doriiiK proce<)iug
year
810, 772. 51
208. 063. 60
204,353.47
105,448.03
258,310.87
200, 108. 13
280.705.81
200.546.07
1,144,151.66
806,16L7S
Increase
101, 808. 01
08,000.62
58,121.74
80, 150. 74
838,800101
I am constrained to reiterate what I Raid in my annual report last year relative to
the items and quantities of imports and exports, as the same conditions exist which
tend to make that portion of this report not as satisfactory as I woald wish, bnt I
have used every means to have it attain to that degree of perfection which is de-
sirable.
For the pnrpose of comparison with the annual returns of previons years I haye
compiled tne foregoing returns in precisely similar form, and for same periods as they
have been hitherto. Nevertheless the imports and exports shown in Tables A and B
do not represent the entire imports and exports of the port of Leith ; the variety iu
each case is much greater, and the aggregate quantities are correspondingly so. The
articles and quantities set forth on those forms art» copied from an extract thereof,
supplied from the office of the Leith harbor and docks commission, and are correct so
far as they go ; but a complete list or abstract of the kind can not be obtained from
that source.
In illnstration of the great variety and the large quantities of artiolea imported into
Leith and exported from it, I subjoin copy of a statement issued by the commissioner
for the harbor and docks of Leith, for the year ending May 16, 1887 (the latest pub-
lished), showing the articles on which dnes had been paid during the year.
The very unsatisfactory unit of tons in reckoning all the artiolea in said statement
is made necessary from the fact that the only recora of imports and exporta kept by
the Leith harbor and docks commission is estimated in tonnage. I aeem it neces-
sary to say, further, that while little idea of the quantity and value of certain arti-
cles can be arrived at throngh their weight, yet the unit of value of many of the arti-
cles named is correctly given in tonnage only, and the statement as a whole is adopted
as the only available means of conveying the information desired.
The harbor and docks commission should not be confounded with theonstoms, as
the onstoms duty, or tariff, would not reach any of the items referred to in the statfiv
ment except tea, coffee, prepared fruit, beer, spirits, and wines.
WnxouGHBT Wallixo,
CkmwuL
Unitkd States Consulate,
Leith, October 27, 1888.
EUROPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
491
General imparte and exporte at Leiih in year ending May 16, 1SB7. (From {ibstraci of the
aeoounte of the port of Leith,)
[KoTB. — The TfttM oh»rged on goods inward or ontward at Leith Tary from 1 penny 3 farthings to 1
shilling and 6 pence per ton.]
Goods.
J,—Qoodt paying at leoit
£25orratM.
Ale,heer,and porter
Alam
Alum waste
Alnmina, sulphate of
Ammonia
Baoon and pork
Bark :.
Barytas
Biehrooie
Blsonits, oommon and fancy.
Bleaching powder
Bones
Bones, dissolved
Bone meal, dost, etc
Books :....
Bottles.... 4
Bricks, flre-clay, etc
Batter and bntterine
Batcher meat, canned
Cake (whole or ground),
rape, linseed, etc
Casks»empty
Cattle, etc :
Bulls, cows, and oxen
Calvea
Sheep
Lambs
Deer
Dogs
Horses and ponies . . .
piK» .v:
Stags
Total
Cement
Cheese
Clay, china and pipe, etc
Coal snd coal dust
Confections
Copper
Qrain:
Barley
Barley, pot or hulled .
Beans
Bereor bigg
Indian corn
Lentils
Peas
Rye
Tares
Malt
Oats
Peas, split". '.'.'.V.V.V.V.
Wheat
Cork
Cork shavings
Cotton, raw
Cottons, etc
Dextrine
Drapery
Drugs
Barthenware
Eggs
ISsparto fiber
farina
Fish:
Fresh
Salted, dry
Ilax ^
Imported.
4,670
1,652
1,071
»7
602
1, 552
1,385
1,767
203
3,050
l,fifl7
340
3,600
100
1,600
5
11,647
755
14,502
2,88i
54,627
Tona.
16,633
2,344
8,307
20, 403
197
303
68,483
3,551
11
23,311
73
7,830
8,063
602
65
28,056
2
72,781
793
831
2,128
116
369
303
661
324
8,553
27,800
2,460
655
8,272
7,881
Exported.
Tont.
84,640
129
16, 752
473
27
1,093
1,276
8oO
17
241
1,600
1.446
2,870
1,065
4.305
836
85
1,463
066
Number.
Ntunber.
2,334
24
27
6
47,390
48
4,307
2,271
1
24
40
618
197
16
3
4
2.598
TonM.
2,367
281
60
262,611
689
6:29
6,463
1,697
621
548
4
238
794
65
3,430
332
1,512
6,879
458
278
2.093
070
42C
927
201
010
85
1,200
2,102
236
896
296
Goods.
J.—Oooda paying at leatt
£25 o/ rates.
Flour:
Corn
Dusi.nbarps, and bran
pMrinpraeal, etc
Wlieaten
Floor cloth and linoleum . . .
Fruit:
Apples
Cheiries and currants..
Oranges <...'..
Pears
Plums
Other kinds
Furniture
GlasA:
Window
Hollow
Other kinds
GlnrnRo
Granit«i nUmes:
INtlishrd
Ground
Gusno
Gunpowder, etc
Hani ware
Uay
Honip
Herring:
In baiTcIs
lu canes
Hidea .".
Hoops, wooden
Hops
Ice
India-nibhor manufactures.
Iron and steel :
Bar. bolt, rod, etc
Castings
Castings. in pipes, etc..
Iron-work
Machinery
Pig iron
•Tute manufactures
Lard
Lead :
Pipes and sheet
Black, red, etc
Pi«
Shot
Locust beans
Manures, chemical, etc
Matches
Meal :
Oat and barley
Feeding, etc
Moldings .'
Nitrate of soda
Oil:
Mineral
Olive, in flasks
Vegetable and animal..
Ore, burnt
Paints and colors
Paper, including paste-
board, etc
ParalHno scale and wax. . ..
Peat bedding
Petroleum and residuum . . .
Phoepbato rock
Potash
Potash, prnsfliate of, etc —
Provisions, preserved
Pulp, wood, etc
PyritAft or a\]\\ji\\ux ox^.....
Imported.
Tone.
6
281
41
45,417
2,372
4.036
808
745
465
2,408
1,698
800
574
1,365
116
1,620
725
247
6,609
4
• ^
2,634
6,211
6^543
203
168
742
1.267
2,898
84
8,728
217
1,678
4,637
356
10,836
286
2,849
776
2,506
1.185
107
1,539
2,418
898
821
1,084
343
7,921
1,036
10
0,907
5
1,413
2.691
361
3,169
259
3, 726
1, 128
207
529
Exported.
Totu.
94
6,356
1,327
17,078
2,237
105
3
163
6
63
112
197
50
180
23
936
306
763
1,572
647
80
68
690
7,460
30
018
172
11
13
913
12,165
424
2,932
1,103
1,878
66,754
2,827
1,157
628
1,849
406
60
27
507
26
1,765
2,169
18
2, 078
24,067
b, V(0
3,820
1,064
17,231
2,601
11
1,910
437
214
18ft
492
COMBfERCIAL RELATIONS.
GenBral imports and exports at Leith in the year ending May 16, 1887, etc — Oontinned.
ODods.
I.—Oood§ paying at least
£2S 0/ rafa«--CoiitiDaod.
Raifs
KiM
Kope«
Koftin ,
Salt:
Refined
Wftttto Mid rock
Saoil...
Seeds:
Cloyer and grau
Cotton
Linaeed
Other kindf
Sewing machines ,
Sewing-machine atands . .
Skins:
Rabbit, bare, etc
Sheep and lamb, etc. .
Slates
Slate slabs ■
Soap:
Hani and soft
Perfumed
Soda ,
Soda ash
Soda,caastio
Spelter
Spirits and wines:
In casks
Tn oases.... r
Starch
Stones:
Causeway, etc
Grind, hearth, eto
Litho
Straw
Sugar
Superphosphate of lime. . .
Sinip
Tallow
Imported.
Exported.
JVmm.
Tons.
6,865
1,548
3,471
317
261
1,204
506
829
648
265
6,176
2,923
4.637
225
2.601
4,297
3,304
628
6,718
851
1,380
330
53
1.796
]
1,383
137
886
29
2.214
20
218
3
186
418
161
2,862
801
683
157
506
1.584
843
4,736
4.800
1.400
1,329
710
262
5,351
257
667
485
65
6
7,236
116
67.959
15, 328
2,936
1,427
1.017
1. 425
746
2,471
Goods.
L—Ooods poyimg at Uasi
£25 </f»tf»-^C4>ntina6d.
Tar:
Vesetable...
Cofl
Tea
Thread
Tow
Treacle
Vegetables:
Carrots
Onions
Potatoes
Other kinds
Whelks and mnasela
Whiting ^
Woods:
Iiogs, deals, eto
Latn wood and firewood.
Other kinds
Staves ..A.
Woodware
Wool
Woolen goods or cloth
Yam:
Hemp and tow
Other kinds
Zinc and sine goods
Miscellaneoos
Imported.
2biit.
Hisoellaneons paokages
Total
ll.^QoodM psn^ifng Isss tikcn
£25 ofraUs,
Misorilaneoas (embracing
oTer400 classes or articles
of goods)
Grand total
778,101
24,471
658
2U
8
7»
4,178
189
4
«,187
900
304
2.228
1S2
1,901
86
7,088
222
1,121
xm
976
51
559
617
2,822
Mi
64.440
1,8a
6,283
98
424
246
8,819
838
111
IS
%876
212
2M
169
2; 675
279
5,721
%m
1,282
733
628
26S
Number.
SfwnUr.
29,603
08,480
621,191
15. U5
803.772
636^806
BRITISH POSSESSIOlSrS IN IC [TROPE.
GIBRAIiTAIL
REPOBT BY CONSUL SPBAQVB FOR THE TSAR 1888.
NAVIGATION AND COMMKRCS.
In addition to my last report npon the navigation and oommerce of Gibraltar, I can
ou this occasion offer but little information that could possibly prove of any material
utility to further American commercial interests in this quarter.
American shipping,— No merchant vessels flying our flag have entered this port dur-
ing the past quarter, and the table exhibiting theextent of the general navigation of
Giuraltar, which accompanies the present report, shows that they have been few in
number during the year ended the 30th ultimo, and consisting ohiefly of pleasure
yachts owned by some of our wealthiest citizens.
American produce. — The importations in American produce have been regular and
quite snfiieient to meet local demands.
Tobacco. — I can not, however, report any Improvement in the tobacco trade, which
traffic continues to be neriously curtailed, on account of the existing stringent local
regulations which the British authorities have imposed upon the weed on its sortie
from this fortress, with the sole object of favoring the interests of the Spanish Gov-
enmient.
EUEOPE — UNITED KINGDOM. 493
Flour, — Gibraltar was for maoy years past in the habit of drawing its supplies of
floor chiefly from Marseilles, and partly m>m the United States. In 1864 and 1885,
Mariteilles was visited by cholera, and for some time Gibraltar was prevented from
importing supplies from that French market. It therefore became absolntely neces-
sary for importers of this important article of food to recar to other quarters for flour,
and London was thought of as possibly the nearest and most convenient market.
Since then, London has given Gibraltar the greatest portion of its supplies of flour,
CO
and equal in quality to the best French flour a i ftnd at less cost ; at least this has
been the case ap to the present. •
It is difficult to account for it. Every effort has been made by the Marseilles people
to compete with London, but so far without success. Why London should be, able
to undersell Marseilles I can not well understand, unless the English millers conduct
their business on a more extensive scale, and witn greater economy than the French,
to enable them to furnish supplies on better terms. Labor must certainly be cheaper
in France, and the freight on flour is about the same from Marseilles to Gibraltar as
from London to Gibraltar. Neither can the duty lately imposed on foreign wheat
landed in France atfect the cost of French flour, since a drawback is obtained when
the flour produced from it is exported to foreign markets. Can it be that machinery
is more perfect and more economically worked in England f
The fact remains that London lAts now nearly monopolized the Gibraltar flour trade
CO
for qualities equivalent to the Marseilles g , and to-day flour from Marseilles is
almost excluded from the market. Algeria has also suspended its usual shipments to
it. What arrives hejre from England is styled English flour, supposed to be the pro-
duce of English mills, but I doubt whether it is produced altogether from English
wheat — probably American and Indian wheat come in for a large share.
The finest qualities of flour at present here consists chiefly of American, but even
* in this case there is the remarkable fact that the supplies come from liondon and not
from New York direct to this port. I am informed that London can land flour at Gib-
raltar at cheaper rates than if imported direct from New York. Low rates of freight -
from New York to London have probably enabled London shippers to afford paying
another freight from London to Gibraltar. It would seem that this double freight
has amounted to less money than the single freight froiti New York to Gibraltar.
Last year was an ordinary year for the sale of flour in this market ; there was demand
only for the requirements of Gibraltar and the neighborhood of Spain, to a moderate
extent. Portugal no longer obtains supplies of flour from Gibraltar. The general
opinion at present tends toward a revival in the demands for American flour and
foreign cereals in general, as we enter the winter season, as the wants of th^ nei^h-
boriog Spanish district are likely then to increase considerably, since recent rains
and thunder storms have caused serious damage to the crops in the south of 8i»ain,
especially in the provinces of Almeria and Granada, several of their districts having
been innndated tnrough the overflowing of rivers, thereby destroying a large portion
of the crops of grain and fruits, besides causing much distress throughout the land.
Refined petroleum, — The difficulty which has been experienced for sometime past, at
New York, to ship small parcels of refined pcKrolenm, under 5,000 cases, by anj* one
vessel bound to tnis port, has so far enabled two of the principal dealers here to
almost control this market for the sale of American petroleum, which has induced one
of the largest retail grocers here to look elsewhere for his supplies. He has given
his attention to Russian petroleum, and hasrecently imported 1,000 cases direct from
Odessa by steam-ship. Anotj^ier party has also just received on consignment a lot of
500 cases from the same quarter, intended for sale here. It is reported that this par-
cel comes from the wells of Batoum, said to be chiefly under the control of the Messrs.
Kothschild, who are establishing depots wherever the article is salable to any extent.
It is pretended that this Russian petroleum so far meets the wants of consumers in
a satismctory manner, and at a fraction under wbat American descriptions are sell-
ing at present ; admitting, however, that the article is not so neatly packed as that
which comes from the United States.
Economy in freight and shipping charges, together with the facilities offering to
ship even small quantities at any one time direct to this port from the Black Sea,
render it probable that these supplies, if repeated, may in the future somewhat inter-
fere with American importations by creating increased competition in the sale of tbe
article here, to the prejudice of our own production. In fact, this Russian petroleum
has lately been offex^ at four pence, British currency, per imperial gallon, deliverable
' from ships' tanks in this port ; but the heavy expenses and rigorous police restrictions
attending the handling of the article here have, so far, prevented any operations of
this nature being carried out.
Propoted dry-dock, — Viscount Sidmonth, some months ago, made a motion in the
librds relative to the necessity of the nation possessing a dry-dock at Gibralto.^^ ^scsx^
he pointed out the disastrous results which might atvaft to \Si«i^'b^\&\l^x^^x» ^^vWv^
494
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
were saddenly involred in war. It is now stated, on almost reliable iofonnation,
that though permissioii has been solicited from Government by private oDterprise to
constrnct a dry-dock, it \h the present intention of the British Government to nndor-
t4ike the construct iou of one and exercise sole control over it. Shoald the dock not
be required for Government purposes, then it may be used by the mercantile navies,
should occasion require it, on payment.
Fortifltiationa, etc, — The construction of citadels on the summit of the Rock is being
procee«ted with. The present operations consist in leveling the Rock by blaeting
with gunpowder. The working party is composed chiefly of men from the royal en-
gineer 0orDB, who are at preseut quartered or encamped in the vicinity of the works.
From wliat I can gather, it would seem as if tne 8-inch rifled caunon was at
the present moment the favorite arm used for strengthening the defenses of thisTor-
tress, which ^un throws a shot of about 2SM pounds weight, and is easily worked for
quick and effective firing. The mounting of guns of heavier caliber, e8i>eeially the
lUO-ton gun, seems to be now somewhat in disfavor on account of the many requisites
which the loadiug and handling of snch a heavy piece of ordnance demand.
All guns of the old smooth-bore pattern are being returned to England, and their
removal for that purpose from the different districts on the Rock has already com-
menced.
Horatio J. Spkaouk,
ConnU.
United States Consulate,
Gibraltar, October^ 1888.
Retnrn of wine, spirits, tobacco, and liquids imported into Gibraltar in the year
1887 was as follows :
Wine: 840 butassos; 622 pipes; 291 hogsheads; 84 tierces; 1,010 quarter casks;
1,481, kegs. Total estimated at 2, 198 pipes. Spiriie: Rum, 19,991 imperial {callous ;
gin. '35,590 imperial gallons; brandy, 70,534 imperial gallons; cordial, 592 imperial
gallons; totil, 126,707 imperial i^allons; portery als, eio.\ 6,379 hogsheads; 2,704
1 ierces ; 4,677 quarter casks ; 307 kegs ; 2,318 dozens ; Tobacco : American, 823 hogs-
heads, 2Uid about 49,8*23 hundred weight in various packages, much of which con-
sisted of German, Hungarian, Indian, and South American tobacco.
Return of wine, spirits, and tobacco exported from Gibraltar dnring the year 1887
was as follows :
IVine: 28 botassos, 35 pipes, 42 hogsheads, 30 tierces, 698 quarter casks, 723iceff8,
and about 5,784 gallons in packages. Spirits : 242 botassos, 138 pipes, 143 hogsheads,
490 tierces, 42 quarter casks, 45 Kegs; total, including cordials, 99,182 gallons. 7o-
baooo : 35 hogsheads, and about 21,022 hundred weight in various packages, and con-
sisting of various descriptions, imported from the United States, Germany, Hangaiy,
India, and South America.
Declared value of exporte from the ooneular dietrici of Oibraliar to ike United States duT'
ing the four quarters of the year ended September 30, 1888.
Articles.
Quarters ending—
Total for
Deo. 31, 1887.
Mar. 31, 188a
Jane 80. 1888.
Sept. 80, 188a
the year.
Mnnriah dArtlienwftro Articlefl . . .
$0a5O
tftaso
Wine
$186.00
18a to
Total
884.60
EUEOPE — UNITED KINGDOM.
495
Navigation at the port of Gibraltar for the year ending September 30, 1888.
Flag.
Fromorto^
*
lEoterod.
Cleared.
Steamers.
Sailing
Teasels.
Steamers.
SaHing
vessels.
AiiJifrO'TInTKmrain . . _ .
No.
60
10
4.682
40
40
240
85
64
39
177
4
12
276
35
8
*4
5,778
Ton».
No.
8
Tofu.
No.
59
10
4,671
40
39
237
83
64
87
172
4
12
271
84
8
•4
5,745
Tons.
No.
8
Tom,
Beljdan ....7.
Britiali
145
11
7
• ••*•• 9^
139
10
6
18
6
DanfJh
Dutch
French
li ::::::::
OGrmun ConfederatiOD.
7
Groek
Itnlian
1,8M.10
39
23
14
13
• •-
1.836.10
34
18
12
13
IftirwAiriaii ... -.-...
Pon umieAe ... .
R'iMian ............
8'panffih ..«.,.x..r
32::::::..
20 -
29
Swedish
17
1
t5
316
Tarklah
1
t5
344
2, 859. 38
Unitod States oi Amer-
ica.
( 8 from tTnlted SUtes. ]
1 from EngUnd
1 rrom Portugal
< 1 from France >
I from Spaiii
2,859.38
I (roui Sicily
ll fpom Aigeria
TotAl
* Yachts.
1 1 a yacht.
Return of the population^ marriageSf births, deathSf etc, at Gibraltar during the year 1887.
Description.
Area in quare miles
Males
Females
Aliens and resident strangcrn, not includodjn* foregoing
Population to the sqaare mile
Births .-
Marriages
Deaths
Population distributed—
Town districts, males, 2, 1 88 ; fomalcs, 374
Sonth districts, mnles, 2,574 ; femalrs, 330
NorUi front and Catalan Bay, males, 452 ; females, 21.
Popalation.
CivU.
7,762
7,887
487
147
634
Militaiy.
4.753
857
123
21
51
2,562
2,004
473
Total.
H
12.515
8,744
2, 732
11, 338. 1
610
168
585
Civii establishmeDt for the year 1867, paid by the colony.
Pesetas.
Ciril establishment 606,591.96
Contingent expenditure 238,480.96
Judicial establiabment 70,529.60
Contingent expenditure 4,688.48
EcdesiAstical 25,219.1tt
Contingent expenditure
Misctdlaiieous expenditure 236,142.60
Pensions 57.342.59
Grand total 1,828,900.83
496
COMlfESCIAL RELATIOH&
RKPORl BT riCK-COHSUL MTWAJm.
KAVIOATIOX.
The abiif*nce of all qnarantine reiitrictioiM in or aniiist this lalAnd, SDd the gen-
eral improvement in sbippang tbrougboot 168^ prodaced a reyiyal in oar trade, the
arrivals m oor harbor and the importation of the articles en omerated in thiareiaew
showing, with few exceptions, a marked increase orer former yean.
OOAU
The total importation in 1HS>^ amounted to 589,071 tons, Tic : 518,623 tons fix>m South
Wales, 47,139 toim from the North Country, 23,159 tons from the Mersey, and 150 tons
from Antwerp. Tlie imports of coal for a series of years past were as follows :
1882 557.139
P'81 450,955
18^0 S74.09S
1»7» MS, 808
1878
Tonn,
1P87 379,968
IHXfl 606,322
1^5 618,796
1881 529,204
18W 682,975
The arrivnifl in onr harbom in IH-^H were as follows : 153 men of war, 4.341 merchant
steamers, \,U\\'i nier(fhunt sailing veKsels, and 37 steam and sailing yachls, making a
totalof<J,(X):{, aj;tiinKtat4)talof4.044)in 18^7, 5,079 in 16^, 5,99*^ in 1885, 5,525 in
li-cl4, 5,074 in IHKi, 6,075 in lw8-2, 5,HiO in 1881, 4,962 in 1880, and 5,043 in 1879.
The mercantile steauiers arrivoci iu 18-8 were as follows:
Flsg.
BHtlnh
Italian
French
Norwegian
(tertiiaii
A ufti ro-IIuiigariau
(frci'k
Ottoman
Uitlgiou
DauiKh
Num-
ber.
Tons.
3,702
4. 600. 090
173
89,398
172
175. 166
80
75, 395
72
60.419
42
37.217
38
32, 017
27
31,771
19
22,331
4
3,707
Flag.
Ronmanisa
Dutch
Chinese
Riifwlan
Spatiiftb t
Kgyplian
Japanese
Total
Ttoas.
270
1,712
1,418
1,385
1,544
leo
105
5,134,0M
Againnt a total of 2,a')7 in 1U87, measnring 3,301,987 tons register, of which 2,368
were BritiHb ; 3,604 iu IbHt), measuring 4,3^,'^0 tons register, of which 3,023 were
BritiHh ; 4,424 in 1H85, measuring 5,150,323 tons register, of which 3,846 were British;
3,h53 in 1884, nienHuring 4,301,548 touH register, of which 3,346 were British; 4,22Hin
1883, measuring 4,075,231 tons register, of which 3,675 were British; 4,625 in 1882,
nieiMuring 4,821,487 tens register, of which 3,847 were British; and 3,885 in 1881,
measuring 3,(J81,725 tons register, of which 3,175 were British.
Of the 1,5:^2 merchant sai 11 ug- vessels arrived in 1888, measuring 125,749 tons register,
930 were Italian, measuring 41,:V45 tons, and 280 Greek, measuring 53, 728 tons. In
1887, 1,045 niercliant sailing-vessels arrivecl, measuring 92,887 tons. In 1886, 1,257
merchant sailing- vessels arrived, measuring 106,193 tons; in 1885, 1,380, measuring
125,645 tons ; in 1884, 1,528, measuring 132,944 tons ; in 1883, l,o79, measuring 152,673
tons; in 1882, 1,789, meafeuriug 116,083 tons; and in 1851, 1,728, measnring 179,072
tons.
Included in the above arrivals in 1888, the following were connected with Ameri-
can trade, vix: Three sailing vessels brought full cargoes, and one a part cargo, uf
petroleum for this port. One sailing vessel loaded at a port east of Malta, pnt into
Malta on its way to Bnltiinore. Five steamers from China, Japan, and Java, bound
for Now York, called here. Four steamers loaded in the United States, called here
and proceeded farther east with the same cargoes. Five steamers left Malta in
ballast to load in other Mediterranean porte for the United States. The only Teasels
under the American flag which arrived in 1888 were two steam yachts.
EUROPE — UNITED KINODOU.
497
AMERICAN LEAF TOBACCO.
A ooofliderable quantity of cheap cigars is made here, and as they are required to
be strong, tobacco of Kentucky and Virginia growth is the most adapted for their
use. It should be dark and dark chestnut in color, and not less than two or three
years old. We can not take the tine grades of those states either, as the cigars have
to be sold very cheap, hence every economy has to be used in manufacturiuj^ them ;
three-fourths fillers and one-fourth binders and wrappers are the proportion, but
when leaf is moderate in price, medium to good leafy lugsi^re the most remunerative
to import, and when low class fillers are more abuudant and cheap we require a
larger proportion of common leaf to medium wrapper.
We had a comparatively large stock at the commencement of 1888, the aocumnla-
tious of previous receipts which would account for the decrease in the quantity im-
ported last year, as compared to that received in the preceding year. Business in leaf
tobacco can not be described as altogether satisfactory, the demand having been
slack and prices low throughout 1888. Our supplies in lt$H8 were principally drawn
from England or via England and France. Our stock at present consists largely of
fillersandcommon to ^codings. The following are the particulars of the importa-
tions of leaf in lo88« viz :
WhQDM imported.
From or via England...
From or via France
From or via Italy
Fiom the United States
Ho^B-
Caaea or
heada.
bales.
215
218
180
277
79
15
32
3
Whence imported.
From Gibraltar
Fiom Antwerp.
Total.
Hoffs-
heads.
8
609
Cases or
bales.
16
101
630
All American leaf, against 810 hogsheads, 385 cases and bales in 1887 ; 1,127 hogs-
heads, 570 cases and bales in 1886; 60*2 hogsheads, 579 oases and bales in 1885; 120
hogsheads, 415 oases and bales in 1884 ; 1,632 hogsheads, 515 oases and bales in 1883 ;
892 hogsheads, 471 cases and bales in 1882 ; 788 hognheads, 338 cases and bales in
1881 : 1,076 hogsheads, 195 oases in 1880 ; 1,433 hogsheads, 111 cases in 1879, and 874
hogsneads, 362 oases in 1878.
AMERICAN MANUFACTURED TOBACCO.
Cavendish, etc., for chewing and smoking, opened in 1888 with a small but fair de-
mand for plug tobacco, but business became very slack at the close, although prices
were all in favor 6f buyers. The importations in 1888 exceeded those of 1887 by 761
cases, but were somewhat below the average. They consisted of 1,572 cases from or
via £ngland, 482 cases from the United States, 17 cases from or via Gibraltar ; 17
cases from or via Antwerp — making a total of 2,088 cases, against 1,327 in 1867, 2,211
in 1886, 2,740 in 1885, 2,124 in 1884, 1,632 in 18:53, 3,175 in 1882, 2,098 in 1881, 2,754 in
1880, 2,477 in 1879, and 2,163 in 1878.
CIGARS.
There wer«^ imported 318 cases in 1888 ; against 331 cases in 1887, 362 oases in 1886,
325 oases in 1885. 449 oases in 1884, 598 in 1883, 842 in 1882,252 in 1881, 228 in 1880,
and 197 in 1879. Only a few oases were received from the East Indies and Havana,
the bulk being of German manufacture.
REFINED PETROLEUM.
This market only takes refined in cases. Every description of oil, however, could
hitherto be imported here, but the local government now proposes to forbid the im-
portation of such petroleum or other oil as will gi ve off an inflammable vapor at a tem-
perature of less than 76<^ Fahr. The stock in depot on January 2, 1888, was 19,333
cases; imported in 1888, 118,972 ; delivered in 1888, 67,922; stook on January 3, 1889,
70,383.
In 1888 the imports consisted of 52,742 oases <' Atlantic" and 12,088 cases <'Ba-
diant " brands (American) and 54,142 cases from Batoum (Bussiau).
Although the Bussiau oil imported here competes successfully with the American
in respect to price, it is much inferior to the latter in point of light, cleanliness, and
packing. The importations for 1887 to 1882, both years included, were, res^ieQtl^^V^^
>n oases : 36,858, 56,685, 64,682, 42,063, 60,923, and 34,4<^.
10611 0 B 32
498
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS.
ALCOHOL.
The importations in 1888amonnted to 2,660 barrels, butts, and hogsbaads (Gmman,
Swetlidh, Austrian, or other Continental distilling), estimated to contain 169,790 j;al-
louf), against a total in 1H87 of 164,310 gallons, in 1886 of 91,320 gaUoDS, in ld85 of
8.i,915 gallons, aod in 1884 of 82,080 gallons. In 1888 211,940 gallons (old measure),
spirits, including liquors, were entered for local consumption and paid daty, while in
1887 the entries were 226,415 gallons.
WHXATCN TUOXJJL
Notwithstanding that the duty on wheat and flour continues to afford some pro-
tection to millers m the island, the importation of flonr in 1888 was somewhat greater
than that in the former year. The bnlk, as before, was received from the Danube,
The importations were :
DesoriptioD.
Danube • bags
America bags and barrela
France do..
Trieste do..
Algeria do..
Kgypt do..
Total
188S.
81,627
2,430
zeo
l.OSO
249
781
28.386
1887.
23,788
8,084
873
U3
27,883
&.880
3,854
488
503
35
0.860
1885.
3,218
48»
177
ISO
4.038
In 1688 99,106 quarters hard wheat and 4,467,050 pounds of wheaten flonr and maca-
roni wore cutered for local consumption and paid duty. In the preceding year the
entries were 101,642 quarters hard wheat and 4,374,450 pounds of wheaten flonr and
macaroni.
LABD.
1,900 in 1880.
HAM AND BACON,
To the amonnt of 571 packages, principally American, were Imported in 1888, againi
600 in 1887, 1,029 in 1866, 1,043 in 1885, 1,927 in 1884, 983 in 1883, 1,623 in ItJaSLSieO i
1881, and 730 in 1880. , , ^.^
tnsi
in
CHBB8B.
We received 4,346 boxes in 1888, all, with trifling exceptions, American, via Eng-
„,i n^u^ ™.:^.„ i^ .a^ ««o^ , , j^gg^ 4 374 j^^^. jj^ 1885,5,020
in 1881, 2,951 ; and in 1880, 2,332.
land. The receipts in 1887 were 3,786 boxes: in 1-86, 4,374 boxes; in 1885, 5,0"^
boxes; in 1884, 2,852 ; in 1883, 2,625 ; in 1882, 4,005 ; in "
BUTTBB AND BUTTEBINB.
1880— all from £nglaud, but mostly of American manufacture.
Ik
FLORIDA WATBR.
In 1888, 6,050 dosen bottles were imported against 5,530 dozen in
1886; 4,434 in 1885', 4,317 iu l8Q4v 7,925 m 188;i, and 6,580 in 1882^
1B87 1 9,518 ia
EUROPE — ^UNITED KINGDOM.
499
CLBANKD RIGB.
The priqps of wheat having remained comparatively low throughont 188S, the im>
Eortation of rice was in consequence small — ^9,686 bags, of two hundred weight each^
avingbeen received in 1888, against 16,05:) bags in 1887; 15,251 in 1886; 12,446 in
1885; 8,041 in 1834 ; 12,266 in 18S3; 31,500 in 1882 ; 22,622 in 1881, and 27,914 in 1880.
Of the imports last year 4,000 bags of rice were received direct from Burmah, the
remainder coming via England.
COFFEE.
There was a considerable increase in the receipts in 1888 over those of the former
year, though yet below those of previous years, viz: 4,343 bags, principally Brazilian
in 1888 against 1,128 bags in 1887 ; 5,193 in 1886 ; 12,619 in 1885 ; 4,686 in 1884 ; 9,868
in 1883, and 11,737 in 1882.
CODFISH.
There were 9,844 quintals imported in 1888,- of which 1,453 quintals arrived in the
latter part of last season, the remainder being this season's tish, nearly all shore dry.
The first cargo this season arrived on October 16, and sold well, but the last two car*
goes, one of them sea dami^ed, came on together. The demand this season has been
isappointing. Prices are feebly sustained, while the season for consumption of this
fish IS far advanced. The receipts in 1887 were 6^402 quintals ; in 1886, 8,715 : in 1885,
4,601; in 1884, 10,702; in 1883, 8,594; in 1882, 4,393; in 1881, 1,200, and in 1880,
1,087.
PICKLED SALMON.
The trade was fairly satisfactory at the finish of last season, 522^ tierces were im-
ported in 18&S, principally at the beginning of the year. Business in this article has
been restricted this season, dealers being unwilling to pay tbe prices asked for it.
There were 286 tietces imported in 1887; 702 in 1886 ; 447 in 1885, and 579i in 1884.
OLIVE-OIL.
Our stock consists of 126,856 gallons. The quantity entered for local consumption
in 1888 was 358,953 gallons. I quote clear oil £34 3«. id, per ton of .300 American
gallons, f. o. b.
LOCAL CONSUMPTION.
The following quantities of articles subject to duty were withdrawn from bond
^nd dues paid for local consn caption in 1888 :
Artlolea.
Qaantity.
Articles.
Quantity.
Wheat - bnahels..
702,848
124,120
1,208
26.736
22,106
4,467.050
6,468,750
0,015,825
Potatoes poands..
Saperior wines gallons..
Inferior wines do
Alcohol and spiritnons liqnors. do
Beer '.....do ...
Bollocks head..
14, 365, 575
Boana .......................... do. ...
14, 265
Indian corn .!...do —
Barley do....
Other pnliie do ....
Wheaton dour, etc pounds . .
2, 010, 165
211.010
69». 562
13, 082
LoooBtbeaus do....
Cottonseed do —
Horses and mules do
OiiveK>il gallons..
728
358,053
Unitec States Consulate,
M»\lta, March 12, 1889.
C. Breed Eynaud,
Vioe-Conaul,
INIDEX^
AFRICA.
7RBKGH FOSSBSSIONS.
Algeria (Consul Giellet). :
Domestic animals, 1— Aerioultural i)ro-
dactions, 1 — Fairs ana local exhibi-
tions, 3 — Vine cnltare, tobacco, olive*
oil flax, and alfa, 2— Phylloxera, 4—
Subsidies to horse-breeding societies,
sanitary inspection of Miimals, ana
forest supervision, 4.
BRITIRH POSSESSIONS.
Cape Colony (Consul Hollis)
Imports and exports, 6 — Navigation, &—
Iinporta and exports of Cape Town, 6.
Page.
St Helena (Consul Coffin)
Imports, 6 — Exports, 0— Navigation, 9.
Sierra Leone (Consul Lewis)
Agriculture, education, population, and
sanitary condition. 10— (rarrison and
fortification, 11— Telegraph, 11 — Gen-
eral trade, 11— Imports, 11— ]BxiM>rta,
12->Tra<le with United States. 12—
Tonnage, 13— Navigation, 13— Cus-
toms revenue, 13 — Total imports and
exports, 14 — Returns of births and
deaths, 14.
Page.
6
10
NORTH AMERICA.
CANADA.
PBOYINCB OF ONTARIO.
Fort Erie (Consul Whelan) 15
Area and crop, 15— Livc-stoclc and wool
clip, le— AVelland Canal, K^— Freight
transported, 16 — Navigation, 17 — Com-
parative statement of property passed
through Welland Canal, 17- -Imports
and exports, 18 — Additions to free
list, 18— Value of imports, 18— Emi-
gration, 10— Quantity transported
through Welland Canal, 10— Number
and tonnage of vessels, 21.
Ouelph (Consul Childs) 21
Declared exports, 21.
Morrisbore (Commeroiid Agent Leishman).
Agriculture, 22— Industries, 22— Rail-
roads, 22— Canals, 22— Emigration, 22—
Declared eicports, 23.
Ottawa (Consul Hotchkiss) 23
Declared exports, 23.
Orenville (Consular Agent Pridbam) 24
Declared exports, 24.
Port Stanley and St. Thomas (Consul Qnig.
gle) 24
Bnsineas depression, 24 — Exports, 24 —
Shipping, 25— ImiMrta, 25— Emigra-
tion, 20.
PROVmCB 07 MANITOBA.
Iff anitoba (Consul Taylor)
Imports, 20— Customs revenue, 27— Free
20
Province of Manitoba— Continued.
importations, 27— Exports, 27— Cana-
dian domestic trade, 28— Manitoba
fisheries, 28— Railway situation, 29.
PBOVINCS OF QUBBBC.
Gaspd Basin (Consul Dickson)
Commerce, 20— Cod fishing, 29— Mack-
erel, salmon, and whale fishing, 30 —
Petroleum, 30 — Railixiads, 30 — ^Marine
police, 30— Navigation, 30 — Consu-
lates, 80— Dccliu^ exports, 31 — Im-
ports, 31— Paspebiao, 81.
PBOYINCX OF NOVA BCOTIA.
Windsor (Consul Young) .
Declared exports. 32.
MEXICO.
Guaymas (Consul Willard)
Imports, exports, and navigation, 33 —
Internal improvements, 35— Mines and
mining interests, 35 — Agriculture, 30^—
Public lands and colonization, 30— For-
eign residents, 30— Declared exports,
37— Navigation, 38.
VeraCruB (Cousnl Hoflf)
Trade, St^Shippintf. 39— Harbor im-
provements, 39— Kailroads, 39 — De-
clared exports, 30— Navigation, 40.
20
82
83
88
SOUTH AMERICA.
ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.
Argentine Republic (Consul Baker)
Ar^^entine ** boom," 41 — Peace and prog-
ress, 41 — ^liitemationul iflatifons, 42 —
Territories 42— Immigration, 42— Rail-
ways, 43— M«rtin Garcia Bsr, 43 — Port
works and the Riacbui-lo, 43 — River
and interior commerce, 44— Inter-pro-
41
Argentine Republic — Continued.
vincial comnieroe, 45 — Progress of Ag-
riculture, 45— Mining industrv, 40 —
National forests, 47— Cattle indnstry,
47— Shipments of cattle nnd Aresh meat,
48— Wool protluct, 48— Shipments for
1887,40— Transit nnd carrying trade,
50— Increase of foreign navigation, 50 —
International river navigation, 52— No.
501
502
INDEl.
Page.
Argentine Repoblle— Continoed.
Amorioaa steamers. 6&— United States
sailing vesiiels, S3 — Foreign oommeroe,
54 — Imports and exports, 64 — Trade
movements, 66— Imports, 66— Exports,
66— ToU! trade. 60— Details of tlie for-
eign eoromerce, 66— Imports, 60 — Ex*
^ porta. 82— Imports and exporta of gold,
64— Excess of imports, 64— Analysis of
the export trade, 66— Commerce with
each coontrv, 66— German and ikiigian
trade, 6^-^^nch trade, 67— British
trade, 68— United States trade, 6»~
Importsfh>m Unite<l States, 60— Analy-
sis of our import trade, 72— American
sample honses, 78— Exporta to United
~ States, 78— Increase or our traile, 78—
Steam-ship commnnioation, 74 — Ap-
pearances and prospoota of trade, 74 —
Balance of trade and trade retnms
for 1888, 7I^Tariff for 1889,76-^as-
toms tariff, 76-^onsa1ar oorrespond-
encer77 — American colony, 77 — ^Death
of S. B. Hale, 77— Rerenues and ex-
penditures, 78— Import dntles, 78— Ex-
port dnea, 79— National appropria-
Argentine BepnbUo— Contlnned.
tions, 79— Debt, 80— Votnme of paper
currency, 81— Progress of the oonn^,
BRAZIL.
Bahia (Consnl Bnrke)
Importa, 82— Exports, 84.
DUTCH GUIANA.
Dutch Gniana (Consul Brown)
•Importa, 86— Exports, 65— Nftvii^oa,
86
•imno]
FALKLAND ISLANDS.
Falkland Islands (Consnl Lasar)
Importa. 86— Navigation, 87.
PEEU.
Paita (Consular Agent Golumbns)
Natlye cotton, 88 — Goat-skins and
hides, 80— Imports, 89— Exports^ 91.
WEST rNT>IBS.
BRITISH.
The Bahamas (Consul MioLain) 92
Imports, 9*4^— Exports, 93— Imports and
exports, 04 — Navigation, 96.
Barbadoes ((Jonsnl Dimmiok) 96
Commerce, 90— Trade with United
Sta tea, 96— Importa and exporta by
countries, 97— Importa bv articles,
98— Exports by articles. 99— Trade with
. United States. 99— Navigation, 99— De-
clnred exports, 100.
Bermuda (Consul Allen) 101
IroportA, 101— Exports, 103— Naviga-
tion, 104.
AnguiUa (Consular Agent Rey) 105
Declared exports, 105.
Antigua ((JonRUl Jackson) 106
Sugar export, 105 — Proflta in raising
sugar, 105— Navigation, 105— Importa,
106-Exports, 108— Navigation. 110.
Dominica (Consular Agont Ste<lman) 110
Declared exports, 110.
Portamouth (Cousiilsr Agent Riviere) 110
Declared exporta, 110.
Nevis (Consular Agent Simmonds) Ill
Declared exporta, HI.
Montserrat (Consular Agent Hannam) Ill
Deelared exportSi IIL
Trinidad (Consul Sawyer).....
Sanitary conditions, 112— The Judica-
ture, il2— Talue of importa and ex-
ports, 118.
DANISH.
St. Thomas (Consul Turner)
Navigation, 116— St.- Thomas a coaling
station, 116 — Revenue deUoit, 116— Im-
port doty and exports, 116 — PubUo
nealth, 116— Tonnage and revenuea
and expenses, 116— Importa, llA— Ex-
rorta, 117— Importa, 117— Exports,
lg_Kavigation, 1)9.
Santa Crnz (Consul Tmner)
Exporta, 120— Tonnage, 120— Total ex-
ports, 120l
SAN DOMINGO.
Puerta Plata (Consul Simpson)
Exports, 121— Importa, 121— Navigation,
12&— Loan, 122— Railroad at Sanohec,
122— Politioal, 122— Imports, I2»— Ex-
ports, 123— Navigation, 123— Importa
at Sanchea, 128— Exporta Arom Saa*
ohes, 124— Navigation at Sanchea, 12i.
lis
lis
119
m
ASIA.
CEYLON.
Ceylon (Consnl Moroy)
Importa and exports, 125— Declared ex-
porta, 127— Navigation, 1'^.
CHINA.
Amoy (Consul Crowell)
Shipping and import and export trade,
129 — Opium, kerosene oil, and tea,
129— Passencer tratllc, ISO— Trade
with United States. 130— Imports, 131
—Exporta, 132— Navigation, 132— im-
porta, 132— Exiiorta, 183.
Foo Cdow (Consul Campbell)
Review of trade, 133— Imports, 133—
Trade in native imports, 184- Tea ex-
porta, 134 — Shipping, 136— Importa,
137— Export*, 141— Navi^ffttion, 141,
New Cbwang (Vice-Consul B^indinel)
Imports, 142 — Exporta, 14.3 — Navigation,
143— Importa. ua— Exports, 145.
Tamsui and lueelung (Consular Agent Gow-
land)
Imports, 146— Exporta, 147 — Navigation,
147.
125
129
138
142
146
JAPAN.
Japan (Minlstor Hubbard)
Budget for the year ending March 31,
1800, 148— National debt, 167.
Nagasaki (Consul Birch)
Importa and exports, 159— Petroleum.
169 — Corean trade, 160 — Principal
exporta, 160 — ^Dooka, engine works,
and railroads, 101 — Sanitary im-
provements, 161- Post-office and
telegraph, 161 — Population, 161 —
Importa, 162 — Exporta, 162 — Trade
with United States, 163— Imports,
163 — ^Declared exports, 164— Importa,
164— Exports, 164— Exporta ana im-
ports of treasure, 165.
Osaka and Hiogo (Consnl Jemigan)
Importaana exports, 106— Importa and
exporta, 166— Tonnage, 167.
PALESTINE.
Jerusalem (Consul GillmaD)
Agriculture, 168— Orange and lemon
crop, 169--01iye oil ana oliyea, Mr^
148
159
166
INDEX.
503
p«g«^
Jenuale m— Contlnned .
Wloe and grapea, 189— Petrolemn.
170— Olive-wood and mother-of-pearl
work, 170— Iniprovementu, 170 — Koads
oonstmcted, 171— Ilailroad to Jaffa,
171— Colonies, 171 — Sicknena and water
famine, 172— Water supply, 172— De-
clared exports, 173— .Jaffa, 173— De-
clared exports, 178— Imports, 174 —
Kayigatios, 174.
SIAM.
Bangkok (Consiil-Qeneral Child)
Imports, 175— Exports, 176— Nayisation,
178.
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
Philippine Islands (Consal Webb)
ueographlcal and historical, 179— Ciyil-
175
179
Fftgflt
Philippine Islands— Continued.
ized natives, 180— Drankeness, 18t—
Uncivilized natives. 181 — Native
and Chinese, 181 — Public revenue,
182— Currency, 162— Climate, 183—
Typhoons, 184 — Earthquakes, 184—
HanUa, 185-Manila Bay, 186— Police,
newspapers, and amusements, 18&—
Street cars, 187 — Iloilo, 187 — Cebu,
188— Foreign trade, 188— Hemp, 188—
American vt. Subsidized ships, 189—
Freights, 189— Coffee and tobacco^
190— Shipping, 190— Imports, 190— Im-
ports ana exports, 191— American
trade, 192— Paper bags wanted, 192—
Penchant for perfumery, 198— Ameri-
can patent medicines, 193— American
carriages snd Philippine horses, 193—
Opening for a dairy farmer, 194 — ^Un-
developed resources, 194— Professor
Steere's explorations, 194— Imported
rice, 195 — Manila mango, 195.
AUSTRAIiASIA.
SOUTH AUSTRALIA.
South Australia (Consular Agent Murphy).
Popnlation, 197 — Land and wheat crop,
198— Flour indnstry, 199— Rain-fall,
199— Exports, 199— Bark. 200— Im-
ports, 200— Tariff, 201— ViUl statls-
197
South Australia— Continued.
tics, 201— Mining, 202— Shipping, 203^
Forest departmen t, 204— K a i 1 w a y a,
204— Skins, 203— Financi% 206— Tele-
aph, telephone, and postal, 205—
hinese, 206— Labor, 20(^Banking
Statistics, 207— Jubilee exhibition, 207.
fh
EUBOPB.
AUSTRIAHUNGAEY.
Prague (ConsulJonas 209
Export and import trade, 209— Condition
of trade, 209— Agriculture, 210— De-
clared exports, 21 L
Trieste (Consul Gilbert) 211
Imports and exports, 2U— Emigration,
212— Navigation, 212— Austro-Hungar-
ian mercantile marine. 215.
BELGIUM.
Belgium (Consul Stewart) 216
(}ouimerce, 216— Mmleoftransport-t 216—
T>ade with United States. 216— Cus-
toms duties colkctcd, 217— Commerce
of Antwerp, 217— Special commerce
of Belgium, 'Jl 9— Navigation at Ant-
werp, 221.
Brussels (Consul Slade) 224
General oonimorct) of Belgium, 224 —
Commerce with United btates, 225—
DeolartMl exports, 227 — Agriculture,
228— Mines and mining, 228.
Ghent (Consul Bntterfleld 231
SampleniUHeiiros, 231— Liocn trade, 231 —
Jute, cotton, and Hiigsr trade, 232 —
Ghent distillt-ry, 232— Browing inter-
est, 232— Construction of machinery,
238— Wooden-shuc trade, 233 — Lumber
trade and agriculture, 233— Imports of
fertilisers maritime commerce, 234.
DENMARK.
Denmark (Consul Snyder) 235
Imports of foreign suear and molasses,
2^6— Home production of beet sugar,
236— Sorplus exnorts, 236— Value of
commerce, 237— Principal imports,
237— £x]>orts, 238— Volume ana value
of imports, 238.
FRANCE.
Bordeaux (Consul Roosevelt)
Imports, 239— Exports, 240.
239
-Boulogne, sax-Mer, (Consular agent Flageol-
let) 241
Imports and exports, 241— Navigation,
242.
Calais (Consolar Agent Vendroux) 242
Imports, 242— Exports, 243— Navigation,
243.
Dieppe (Consular Agent LeBonrgeois) 243
Navigation, 243— Imports, 243— Sea fish-
eries, 244— Indnstriee and commerce,
244.
Dunkirk (Consular Agent Morel) 244
Favorable mhippiug conditions, 245— Im-
ports, 245— Exports, 246.
Havre (Consul Dafats) ... 247
Vital statistics, 247— Duties, industries,
and emigration, 248— Cotton and coffee
imports, 249— Hide, wool, and other im-
ports, 250— Shipping, 251.
Rouen (Consul Williams) 252
Coromcrciiil rivalry between Havre and
Rnnon, 252— Hnrbor dues, 253— Ex-
ports of horses, 233 — Petroleum, 2S3—
Births and deaths, emigi-ation, cattle
food, cotton industry, and crops, 263 —
Exclusion uf American pork, 264— Ex-
ports, 254 — Indian corn and wine,
254— Declared ex])orts, 254.
St. Etienne (Commercial Agent Coleman) . . 255
Declarea exports, 255.
GERMANY.
Germany (ConsulG eneral Raine) 255
Value of imports, 255— Value of exports,
257— Exports to the United States,
258.
Colfxne (Consul Wsnfor) 263
Improved condition of trade, 263 — Iron
and ores, 26i — Beer, 265 — Money and
finance, 265 — Agriculture, 266 — Prices
of grain, 269— (Jrop yield. 271— Acres
under cultivation, 271— Grain imports
and sugar imports, 272. — Production
of beet sugar. 274 — Imports and ex-
ports of beet sugar, 275— Wool, 275—
Emigration, 276 — Aid to the poor,
276,— Wages, 277— Declared exports,
277.
504
IKDBX.
Dftnteio (Conralmr A^ent CoUas) S77
Imports ftDd «xporto, 379.
Barmen (Conanl Falkenbach) 280
General aapects, 280— Braids, bindings,
and trimmiuffs, 280 — Carpets, aniline
oolom, etc., 282 — Iron and Bt«el wares,
282— Maohine factories, 382— Envel-
opes, organs, etc., 282— CoaL banking,
and exports, 283— I>eclarbd exporto,
283.
Mannheim (Consul Monaghan) 284
Introduction, 284— Fioar, meal, hope,
brandies and distillt4 liquors, yeaata,
malts, coaL groceries and chemicala,
284— Textiles, manufactures, money
market, bridges, railroads, and grain,
285— Sea freighta, 286 -Leguminous
fruita and hops, 288— Indian wheat,
288 — Russian ^in, 280— Tobacco,
2M — ('igar making, wine and beer,
201— 8ugar, 202— Petroleum and plant
oil, 203— Rape-seed oil, textiles, aod
wood pulp, 204— Rhine traffic and nav-
igation, 205— City taxes, 296— Boarda
or trade at home and abroad, 20^
GREECB.
Patraa (Consul Hanoock) 307
Imports, 207— Exports, 208— Navigation,
208— Imports, 303— Exports, 304— Gen-
eral trade, 804— Importe, 305— Sliip-
305— Currency, 306— Public
''brks, 306.
Corfu (Consular Agent Woodley)
'^"o'^l
Shipping, 200— Exporta, 200— Imports,
300— Imuisit movements, 300— Gen-
eral imports, 301— Imports and ex-
ports by countries, 301— Exports by
artioleA. 301 — Imports bvarti<Mes,302—
(^nerai im porta, 302--Shipping, SOS-
Coal imports, 303.
ITALY.
807
Italy (ConsulGoneral Alden)
Population, 307— Agriculture, 307— Fish-
eries, mines, and education, 3<M— Gov-
ernment librarioM. 310 — Crime, 310—^
Emigration,311 -Railways, 311— Posta
and telegraphs, 3 13— Army and navy,
314 —Armored ships and torpedorams,
316 — Whole navy ,317— Books and peri-
odicals, 317— Coinage, 318 — Nairiga-
tioD, 818— Mercantile marine, 320—
Shipping bounties, 322— Imports and
ex portii,824 — Commerce, 325 — Imports,
325— Exports and impotts, 326 — £x-
porU, 327 — Cholera, 328— Treaties,
f)20— Revenue and expenditures, 320—
Public debt, 330- Bonds, 330.
CaUuia (Consul Lamantia) 831
Imports and exports, 331 — Brimstone,
332— Green fiiilts, 332— Wine, 833—
Froigh ts. 333— Shippi ng, banking, pub-
lic works, and the new port. &4 —
American machinery, 335— Vital sta^
tistics, 335— Tempeiature, S35— Culti-
vation, 336— Agriculture, 336— Ex-
ports, 337— Imports, 338— Trade with
United States. 338— Navigation. 330—
Cream of tartar, hats, wine, and
steam-mills, 330 — Anphalt, oement,
brass works, furniture, and silk,
840 — Cotton texture, alcohol, apricots,
gas works, matches, and tanneries,
341— Sundries, 341.
l<lorence (CouHul Dillor) 842
Agrioult urt3,342— Manufaoturod tissues,
842— New railway, Florence to Fa-
eiiza, 342— Tramways, 343— Bologna
exposition, 343 — Miaoellfuieons, 343—
Sanitary iiistitutions, hospitals, etc.,
844 — Provinces in district, 844— Pop-
ulation, births, deaths, and mar-
riages, 344 — Burials, 345--Custonis du-
ties, 345 — Telegraph and schools,
840— Deolared exports 360.
Genoa (Conanl Fletoher).
Customa reoaipts, S5fr— Importa, 351—
Bxporta, 852 — Navigatloii, 353 — De-
clared exporta, 853.
Legbotn fConsul Bartori) 853
Navigation, 854— Decroaae in marble
exporta. 354— WeatJier, 854— Trade,
354— Elba iron milla, 854— Population.
884— Emigration. 855— Importa, 355—
Bxporta, 356— Importa, 856— Declared
exports, 857— Navi^tion, 857.
Licata (Consn lar Agent verdenune) 357
Ii>iports,857— Exports, 858— Navigation,
858.
Trapani (Consular Agent Kanone) 358
Importa and exporta, 358— Prodnotlon,
350.
Keaaina (ConsulJonea) 350
Importa, 850— Bxporta,86tl— Navigation,
862.
Palermo (Consul Carroll)
Imports, 862— Exports, 363.
NETHERLANDS.
Amsterdam (Consul Eckstein)
Petroleum, 363— Emigration, 364— Trade
and ocpupation of emigrants, 365 —
Coffee trade, 866— Importa, 366— Cof-
fee, 866— Manufacture and exporta of
candlea, 360— Bacon and lard, 368 —
Navigation, 370— General conditiona,
870— (yommeroe snd tobaooo, 371 —
Grain trade, 378— Crop reaulta, 874r—
Population, 376— Labor, 376— Naviga-
tion, 377.
RUSSIA.
Odessa (Consul Heenan) 878
Imports and exports, 378— Shipping, 87Bl
Riga (Consular Agent Bomboldt) 379
Navigation, 370— Value of exporta and
importo, 380— Navigation, 380.
SPAIN.
Baroelona (Consul Schench) 381
Importe and results, 381— Importa, 888—
Exports, 384— Navigation, 384— Im-
porta, 385— Exporta. 387— Navigation.
Cadiz (Consul Ingraham) '. 388
Imports and exports, 380— Navigation,
30O— Imports and exporta of Hnelva,
301- Imports and exports of Seville,
304.
Malaga (Consul Marston) 383
Imports aud exports, 392 — Declared ax-
ports, 303— Shipping, 304.
SWEDEN AND NORWAY.
Sweden (Consul Man) 409
Merchant marine, 306— Bxporta and im-
ports, 306— Population, 807— Emigra-
tion, 308.
Bergen (Consul Gade) 398
Fisheries. 308— Shipping, importa and
emigration, 800— Declared exporta,
300.
Christianla (Consul Gade) 400
Agiicultnre, 400— Sheep and horaea,
400— Shipping. 400— Fishoiies. 401—
Lumber, wood pulp, and emigration,
402— Finances, 403— Industriua, 403—
Exports, 403.
Gothenburg (Consul Man) 404
BiLsiness revival, 404 — Exoliange, 404—
Customs receipta, 405— Navigation and
freifrhts, 405— Imports, 406— Herring
fisheries, 407— Exchange and naviga-
tion, 407— Exports, 408— Exporta, 4<»l
SWITZERLAND.
Switzerland (Consul General Winoheater) ..
Imports and exporta, 41L
INDEX.
505
Pice.
17NITSD KINGDOM.
UrOLAHO.
PlTmobOi (Consal General WaHer) 412
General trade revlTal, 412— Looal goy-
emment, 412— ImporU and exporta,
41ft— Imports, 413— Bxportfl, 41^— Im*
ports and exports. 41S— Trade with
iTnited States, 420— Imports from
United States, 421— Exports to United
States, 42a— Trade with United SUtes,
427— Declared exports, 428— Shipping,
490— Tonnage, 430— Agricultare, 434—
Live-atook, 434— Acreage, 489— Fish-
eries, 437— Minea, 432— Bsnkrnntoy,
440— Sevenne, 441— National debt,
443-Post4>fflce, 44^Bailways, 444—
Tramways, 440-^Popnlatlon. 446— Em-
igration, 449* Criminal statistics,
450— Primary schools, 451- Patents,
452— HnmidUy. 453.
Falmouth (Consnl Fox) 453
Pilchard flsborles, 4S3— Kines and min.
erals, 454— Falmoath as a port of call,
454— imports. 454— Harrest, 465.
Leeds (Consal Wid^l) 455
Invoices, 466--Declared exports, 457.
Liverpool (Consnl Pussell) 468
Imports, 458— American products, 458—
Bank rates, 4({0— Exports, nayigation
andshipping, 460-KhTp-bailding. 461—
Docks, 461— Popalation and emigra-
tion, 461— Humidity. 462— Wool trade,
462— Imports, 463 -Exports, 465— De*
dared exports, 487— Nayigation, 468.
London (Consal-(}eneral Waller) 470
Declared exports, 470.
Newcastle-upon-Tyne (Consul Smith) 471
Declareu exports, 47L
Plymonth (Consul Fox) 471
Trade and «v>mmeroe, 471 — Shipping,
471— House • bniiding, 472— Harvest,
472— Steam ' shitM, 472— Dartmouth,
472— Jersey. 472— Guernsey, 472— Fac-
tory, 473— Telephone exohaiigei 473—
10611 0 R 33
Fagob
Plynoath— Continned.
Invoices and declared exports, 473—
Fisheries, 478.
800TLAMD.
Galashiels (Consnlar Agent Lees) 474
Dedared exports, 474.
Glasgow (Consul Underwood) 475
Shtp-building and general trade, 475—
Iron trade, 475— Exports, 476 — Im-
ports, 476— Sugar trade. 476 -Wheat,
476— Oatmeal, butter, hog products,
tallow, apples, oil-cake, ana cheese,
477— Navigation, 478— Declared ex-
port, 470.
Leith (Consal Walling) 480
Salted meats, 430— Butter, cheese, lard,
and flour, 480— Arrow Steam-ship Com-
pany, 480 — Tweed trade. 481 — Ho-
siery and underwear, 482— Agriculture
488 — Imports, 484— Exports, 486 —
Navigation, 487— Declared exports,
489— General Imports and exports,
401.
BBITISH P068B88I0NB IH lUBOPB.
Gibraltar (Consnl Sprague) 482
Navigation and commerce, 402— Flour
and reflnedpetroleum, 493 — Proposed
dry-dock, 403— Imports and exports of
liquors, 494 — Declared exports, 494—
Navigation, 495 — Population, mar-
riages, births, and deatns, 496
Malta (Vice-ConsulEynaud) 496
NavigMtion, 496— Coal, 496— American
leaf aqd mannfactnred tobacco, 497—
Cigars, 497— Reflnedpetroleum, 497—
Alcohol, wheaten flour, lard, hams
and bacon, oheese, batter, and batter-
ine, 498— Florida water, 498— Cleaned
rice, coflbe, codfish, pickled salmon,
and olive oil, 499— Local oonsumptiiHi,
499.
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