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I
.hrK.<,^7r "^ Bound
. JUN 1 1 1903
j^arbarli College liliracs
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
SCIENCE CENTER LIBRARY
f
^
)
TREASURY DEPARTMENT
U. S. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY
"" O. H. TITTMANN
UNITED STATES
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES AND ISOGONIC CHARTS
1 902
Principal Facts Relating to the Earth's Magnetism
L. A. BAUER
Chief of Division o/'Terreslrial Ulagnctisi
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTIKG OFFICE
I 90 2
AVTr t'j
•/
C-
I'.
'1^^ {
CONTENTS.
Page.
Preface 7
Definitions 9
Principal Facts Relating to the Earth's Magnetism.
Early History of the Compass.
Discovery of the Lodestone ii
Discovery of Polarity of Lodestone 12
Introduction of the Compass 15
Improvement of the Compass by Petrius Peregrinus 16
Improvement of the Compass by Flavio Gioja 20
Derivation of the word Compass 21
Voyages of Discovery 21
Compass Charts 21
Birth of the Science of Terrestrial Magnetism.
Discovery of the Magnetic Declination at Sea 22
Discovery of the Magnetic Declination on Land 2;
Early Methods for Determining the Magnetic Declination and the Earliest Values on
Land 2i
Discovery of the Magnetic Inclination 3c
The Earth, a Great Magnet.
Gilbert's ** De Magnete" 34
The Variations of the Earth's Magnetism.
Discovery of Secular Change of Magnetic Declination 38
Characteristics of the Secular Change 40
Diurnal Variation 47
Annual Variation 52
Minor Periodic Fluctuations 53
Magnetic Storms 53
Magnetic Observatories 56
Magnetic Charts.
Isogonic Lines 62
Magnetic Meridians 63
Magnetic Surveys.
General Remarks 65
Historical Summary 67
Magnetic Survey of the United States 70
The Earth's Magnetic Poles and Magnetic Moment.
Magnetic Poles 73
Magnetic Moment 76
Determination of the True Meridian and the Magnetic Declination.
Determination of the True Meridian.
By Observations on Polaris 79
By Observations on the Sun 90
Determination of the Magnetic Declination.
With an Ordinary Compass or Transit 94
With a Magnetometer 94
3
4 CONTENTS.
Pagrc.
The Secular Change of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Territories.
General Characteristics of the Secular Change in the United States 99
Secular Change Tables.
Explanatory Remarks 100
Tables .' 102
The Magnetic Declination in the United States and Outlying Territories for
January i, 1902.
Introduction 117
Explanatory^ Remarks to Declination Tables 117
Chart of the Lines of Equal Magnetic Declination in the United States for 1902.
Previous Isogonic Charts by the Coast and Geodetic Surv'^ey 118
Isogonic Chart of the United States for 1902 119
Secular Motion of the Agonic Line in the United States 122
Isogonic Chart of Alaska for 1902 122
Local Disturbances of Compass in Alaska 1 23
Isogonic Charts of the Other Outlying Territories 1 23
Table op the Most Recent Magnetic Declinations Observed in the United States
AND Outlying Territories, Reduced to January i, 1902 124
Descriptions of Magnetic Stations Occupied by the Coast and Geodetic Survey
Between 1881 and June 30, 1902 267
ILLUSTRATIONS.
I.
2.
3-
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
10.
II.
12.
13-
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19-
20.
21.
22.
23-
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
FIGURES.
*
A Japanese South-pointing Cart (seventh century A. D. )
Floating Compass used by Peregrinus ( 1269) ; ^.
Double Pivoted Compass invented by Peregrinus ( 1269)
Lines of Equal Magnetic Declination for 1500 (van Bemmelen)
Compass Sun-dial showing Earliest Magnetic Declination at Paris ( 1541 )
First Dip Circle (Norman's, 1576)
Norman's Experiment showing Action of the Earth on a Magnetic Needle
Comparison of the Secular Change Curves of the Magnetic Declination at various Stations
in the Northern Hemisphere
Curves showing Secular Change in Magnetic Declination and Dip at London, Boston, and
Baltimore
Comparison of Curve showing Change in Magnetic Declination and Dip along Parallel of
Latitude 40° North in 1885, with Curve showing Secular Change at Rome
Diagram showing Diurnal Variation of the Magnetic Declination at Baldwin, Kansas., 1901 . .
Coast and Geodetic Survey Magnetic Observatory at Cheltenham, Maryland
Eschenhagen Magnetograph at Coast and Geodetic Survey Magnetic Observatory, Baldwin,
Kansas
Magnetograms showing Guatemala Earthquake Disturbance at Cheltenham Magnetic
Observatory, April 18, 1902
Magnetic Disturbance at Cheltenham Magnetic Observatory, April lo-ii, 1902
Magnetic Disturbance at Cheltenham Magnetic Observatory at time of Martinique Vol-
canic Eruption, May 8, 1902
Lines of Equal Magnetic Declination for 1600 (Hansteen)
♦* i70o(Halley)
'* 1800 (Hansteen)
" 1858 (British Admiralty)
" " " ** 1905 ( '• '• )
Dip " 1905 ( ** •• )
Magnetic Meridians for 1836 ( Duperrey )
Lines of Equal Magnetic Declination in the Polar Regions for 1885 (Neumayer)
Mean Secular Change of the Magnetic Declination, 1890-1900 (Neumayer)
Map of Region around North Magnetic Pole (Schott, 1890)
Diagram of principal Stars in the Constellations Cassiopeia and Great Bear
Coast and Geodetic Survey Magnetometer
Map showing Positions of the Agonic Line between 1700 and 1900 (Schott)
((
(i
i(
<(
((
ti
((
<(
ti
(I
Page.
13
19
19
23
25
32
33
44
45
46
48
57
59
60
61
61
62
62
62
62
64
64
64
64
66
75
84
95
123
PLATES.
Frontispiece. — United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Office.
I. Lines of Equal Magnetic Declination and of Equal Annual Change in the United States for 1902.
II. Lines of Equal Magnetic Declination in Alaska for 1902.
5
PREFACE.
The "United States Magnetic Declination Tables for 1902" is a continuation of
the series of papers, begun in 1855, treating of the magnetic declination in the United
States; and published, with the authority of law, by the Coast and Geodetic Survey.
The previous papers contained the magnetic declination tables and accompanying
charts of lines of equal magnetic declination (isogonic charts) for the following epochs,
successively: 1850 (first edition), 1850 (second edition), i860, 1870, 1875, 1885, 1890,
and 1900, the last published in 1897. The accumulation of much additional material
since the date of the last publication and the constantly increasing demand for magnetic
data have made it imperative to bring the tables up to date.
Owing to the large number of stations that it has been possible to occupy annually
since July i, 1899, w^hen the facilities and means for magnetic work were enlarged, the
present paper can, if necessary, be followed by another in a few years bringing the
results up to 1905. Thereafter it is proposed to issue the publication at suitable inter-
vals. In addition it is the intention to publish the results obtained by the magnetic
parties of the Coast and Geodetic Survey during each year in the ** Annual Report of
the Superintendent.*'
In order to meet the demand for general information regarding the Earth's mag-
netic phenomena, the present tables have been prefaced by a historical and descriptive
summary, accompanied by numerous' and pertinent illustrations, of the principal facts
of the Earth's magnetism. It is believed that this will be a welcome addition, espe-
cially at this time, when such marked attention is being paid, at home and abroad, to the
study of the remarkable facts concerning the physical history of our planet, as revealed
by the magnetic needle. One of the greatest students of magnetism of all times, Clerk
Maxwell, says:
** The field of investigation into which we are introduced by the study of terrestial
magnetism is as profound as it is extensive. We know that the Sun and the Moon act
on the Earth's magnetism. It has been proven that this action can not be explained
by supposing these bodies to be magnets. The action is therefore indirect. In the
case of the Sun, part of it may be thermal action, but in the case of the Moon, we can
not attribute it to this cause. * * * What cause, whether exterior to the Earth or
in its inner depths, produces such enormous changes in the Earth's magnetism that its
magnetic poles move slowly from one part of the globe to another? When we consider
that the intensity of the magnetization of the great globe of the Earth is quite compar-
able with that which we produce with much difficulty in our. steel magnets, these
immense changes in so large a body force us to conclude that we are not yet acquainted
with one of the most powerful agents in nature, the scene of whose activity lies in those
inner depths of the Earth, to the knowledge of which we have so few means of access."
7
8 PREFACE.
A chapter has been added giving briefly methods for determining meridian lines
and the magnetic declination, and in another are set forth the facts concerning the
secular change of the magnetic declination in the United States and outlying terri-
tories, accompanied by the necessary tables of the amount of change for various periods.
The accompanying Chart of the * ' Lines of Equal Magnetic Declination in the
United States ' ' contains, in addition, the ' * Lines of Equal Annual Change," thus adding
greatl)' to the convenience in the practical utilization of the Chart. With their aid the
corrections to the ' * Lines of Equal Magnetic Declination ' ' for any subsequent year prior
to the next edition can readily be made. The Chart, as stated in its legend, is based on
all known obser\^ations up to date, and refers to January i, 1902. The base map con-
tains sufficient physical features and names of towns to render it possible to locate
readily on the map any desired place.
The "Magnetic Declination Tables," forming the main body of the publication,
contain about 8000 entries, and are the most complete tabular presentation of declina-
tion values in the United States.
* ' Descriptions of the Coast and Geodetic Survey Magnetic Stations occupied
betw^een 1881 and June 30, 1902," conclude the publication. The descriptions of the
stations previous to 1881 are contained in Appendix 9, Report for 1881.
An attempt has thus been made to give in one publication all the data and tables
required by those who will have occasion to make use of it.
In conclusion, I take pleasure in acknowledging the able assistance rendered by
Mr. D. L. Hazard, Computer of the Division of Terrestrial Magnetism, to whom was
intrusted the preparation of the ** Tables" (Secular Change and Magnetic Declina-
tion) and the "Descriptions of Stations," various persons assigned temporarily to the
Division rendering him more or less aid. He has thoroughly re\ased and systematized
the secular change tables, a piece of work requiring great care, nice discrimination, and
good judgment.
DEFINITIONS.
To avoid the confusion arising from the use or misuse of the term * * variation of
the cx)mpass/* the following terms are used instead throughout this publication:
Magnetic declination: The angle by which the compass needle points to the east
or west of true north.
Secular change of the magnetic declination: The change in the magnetic declination
with the lapse of years.
9
PRINCIPAL FACTS RELATING TO THE EARTH^S MAGNETISM.
EARLY HISTORY OF THE COMPASS.
Discovery of the Lodestone.
Many centuries before the Christian era writers referred to a mysterious * * stone * *
possessing remarkable properties, chief of which was its power to ' ' draw to it the all-
conquering iron." Its earliest names appear to be Hercules stone (heraclein stone),
magnet-stone, Lydian stone, siderit (iron stone), and also briefly ** stone." Later the
term ** stone" and ** Hercules stone*' gave way to the name ** magnet."
The precise derivation of the term ** magnet," which has now become the most
common one, is difficult to ascertain. Lucretius (99-55 B. C.) says it was called
"magnet" from the place from which it was obtained — ''in the native hills of the
Magnesians." However, Pliny (23-79 A. D.) relates a prettier legend, as copied from
the poet Nicander (second century B. C), that the shepherd, **Magnes" by name,
while guarding his flock on the slopes of Mount Ida, suddenly found the iron ferrule
of his staff and the nails of his shoes clinging to a ** stone," which became known
after him as the *' Magnes stone" or magnet.
The fundamental property of the lodestone of attracHfig iron was certainly known to
the Greeks toward the close of the seventh century B, C^ 2& it is mentioned by Thales,
who lived between 640-546 B. C.
Magnetic mountains which caused ships to fall to pieces by drawing from their
sides the iron nails, or, by disturbing the compass, caused to be dashed to pieces on the
rocks the vessel that was unlucky enough to come within too close proximity to their
influence, remained in the category of sea terrors until but a comparatively short
time ago.
In writings of the middle ages we find used for the term magnet **adames," which
also meant diamond; e. g., in the oriental history of the Cardinal Jaques de Vitry, of
about the year 1218. The Italian term was "calamita;" the Dutch, **mag^etsteen;"
and *'zehl-steen" (sailing stone) ; the Icelandic, '*leider-steen" (lead stone), from which
the English term of lodestone^ is derived; the Hungarian, **magnet-ko" (magnet
stone); the Polish, "magnes" and ** magnet;" the Croatian, "zelezoolek" (which
attracts iron); theDalmatian, '*zoosdotegh" (which draws nails); the French, "aimant"
(loving stone); the Spanish, **piedramant;" and the German, *'magness," "siegel-
stein," and **magnetstein." The lodestone was also called by early English writers
** adamant stone."
« Also spelled loadstone^ the spelling used in this publication being the preferable one, however,
as more clearly showing the derivation.
II
12 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Klaproth remarks that nearly all of the European terms, as far as their significa-
tion is concerned, recur in the Asiatic tongues. Thus the most common expression
of the Chinese was **thsee schy" (or loving stone), hence similar to that of the
French. For example, the author Tschlin-thsangkhi says: "The magnet draws to it
the iron as the tender mother calls her children to her, and for this reason it has
received its name of the loving stone." Other Chinese terms for magnet were **tchu
chi " (stone which deflects), "hie thy schy" (stone which unites with iron), etc.
The lodestone or natural magnet is known to the geologist as the mineral * ' mag-
netite" and is the magnetic or black oxide of iron, FejO^, this oxide being formed
when iron is oxidized at a high temperature in the air, in oxygen or in aqueous vapor.
It is quite wddely distributed over the earth, some of the most notable specimens
coming from Magnet Cove, Arkansas. Its general color is blackish or brown and
occasionally grayish, and its specific gravity is 5.0 to 5.1.
Discovery of Polarity of Lodestone.
Not only does the lodestone or magnetite possess the property to "draw" to it
iron objects, but it also has that of "polarity," i. e., it exhibits contrary effects at
opposite ends, e. g., at one end it attracts the north end of a magnetic needle and
at the other end repels it.
By virtue of this polarity and the fact that the * * earth itself acts like a great
magnet," a lodestone pointed at the ends and suspended so as to turn freely will set
itself in an approximately north- and-south direction. This "directive" tendency of
the lodestone or needle was termed by Gilbert in 1600 its " vertidty."
It is this property of polarity which distinguishes a piece of nonmagnetized iron
from a magnetized one, the former attracting either end of a compass needle, while the
latter will either attract or repel, according as the unlike "poles" or the like "poles"
of magnet and needle are brought together.
This property became known to European nations about the twelfth century. The
Chinese are, however, generally credited w-ith the earliest knowledge of the directive
property of the lodestone and of its power to communicate polarity to iron. Tradition
would even ascribe this knowledge to them as far back as the year 2634 before the
Christian era. A quaint legend relates that in the sixty-fourth year of the reign of
Ho-ang-ti (2634 B. C), the Emperor, Hiuan-yuan, or Ho-ang-ti, attacked the rebel,
Tchi-yeou, or Khiang, on the plains of Tchou-lou. Khiang getting the worst of the
conflict, raised a great fog in order to throw the ranks of his adversary into confusion.
Hiuan-yuan, however, was equal to the occasion and constructed a chariot (Tchi-nan),
which indicated the south, so as to distinguish the four cardinal points, and thus was
enabled to pursue Khiang and take him prisoner.^
Benjamin* considers this legend as " clearly mjrthical " and remarks that "while
the beginning of Chinese history is placed by De Lacouperie at the twenty-third cen-
tury B. C. . other Chinese annalists regard it as impossible to rely upon any records
« Klaproth, Lettre^ M. le Baron Humboldt sur Tinvention de la Boussole, Paris, 1834. Also
Mailla, Histoire g^nerdle de la Chine, tome I, p. 316, Paris, 1777.
& Intellectual Rise in Electricity, London, 1895; republished by Wiley & Sons, New York, in 1898,
under the title of '* History of Electricity." The writer has made considerable use of this work.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 13
dating back more than 800 years before our era. Legge fixes the beginning of trust-
worthy chronology at 826 B.C., and Plath at 841 B. C. It is apparent, therefore, that
in dealing with the legends and traditions which form the basis for the assertion of
knowledge of the magnet by the Chinese at very ancient epochs, the doubt whether
they properly belong to mythology or to history is im3\oidable. "
In Japan these south -pointing carts were known in the second half of the seventh
century A. D. Figure i is a reproduction of a picture contained in Vol. XXIII of the
large Japanese encyclopedia and taken from Urbanitzky's book Electricitiit im
Alterthunie, to which the writer is indebted for various reference.s.
Several other references to the compass have been cited as appearing in earh- Chi-
nese records. The first direct statement as to their knowledge of the propertj- of
polarity is said to have occurred in a Chinese dictionary completed about 121 A. D., a
period when at least the attractive properties of the
lodestone had been known to European nations for six
centuries and more. According to Benjamin, ' ' this
statement consists of but six Chinese characters iu the
dictionary Choue-Wen, where the character 'Tseu' is
defined as ' the name of a stone with which the needle
is directed,' Even this is known only by citations in
later works."
Whatever doubt may be raised regarding these
early Chinese references, the fact is that the lodestone,
or magnetite, is known to have existed Ju the iron
deposits extensively worked in Shensi in 220 B. C, so
that the Chinese had ample opportunities for becoming
familiar with the properties of the lodestone.
The first reference to the use of the compass for
navigational purposes is found in the Chinese ency-
clopedia, Poei-wen-yun-fou. It is said that under the
Tsin dynasty, or between 265 and 419 A. D., "there
were ships indicating the south."
The most remarkable passage, however, occurring * 17'h "emury a, o
in the early Chinese literature is one toward the end of
the eleventh century of the Christian era in a work entitled " Mung-Khi-pi-than," vizi"
"The soothsayers rub a needle with a magnet stone, so that it may mark the
south; however it declines constantly a little to the east. It does not indicate the south
exactly. When this needle floats on the water it is much agitated. If the finger-nails
touch the upper edge of the basin in which it floats they agitate it strongly; only it
continues to slide, and falls easily. It is better in order to show its virtues in the best
way to suspend it as follows: Take a single filament from a piece of new cotton and
attach it exactly to the middle of the needle by a bit of wax as large as a mustard seed.
Hang it up in a place where there is no wind. Then the needle constantly shows the
south; but among such needles there are some which, being rubbed, indicate the north.
Our soothsayers have some which show south and some which show north. Of this
" Ed. Biot; Coinpies reiiiius. t. XIX, p. S35. The passage is quoted from Beiijamiii's VkwU.
14 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
property of the magnet to indicate the south, like that of the cypress to show the
west, no one can tell the origin."
According to Klaproth, the same fact is related in a natural history compiled by
Kew-tsung-schy, in the years 1111-1117, under the title of Pen-thsao-yan-i, and it is
stated that the **south end of the needle always shows, a deviation toward the point
'ping,' /. e,, E. f S.," hence \ of 90° or 15® east of south, so that the north end
pointed 15** west of north.
Benjamin says "that the tendency of the magnetic needle to depart from the true
north appears to have been observed by the Chinese geomancers in the compasses used
by them long before any marine use of the instrument was made. A so-called lite of
Yi-hing, a Buddhist priest and imperial astronomer, undertakes to show that the
'variation' in the eighth century was nearly 3® west of south. Later we find the
geomancers adding special circles of symbols to the compass card, such as a circle of nine
fictitious stars, a circle of sixty dragons, and so on, and, among these, circles of points
especially constructed to allow for ' variation'. This was done in the year 900 by Yang
Yi when the variation was 5° 15' east of south, and again three centuries later when it
had increased to 7° 30'" in the same direction."
The Chinese apparently would have to be credited by these passages with a far
superior knowledge of the properties of the magnet than possessed at that period by the
European nations. They not only seemed to know of the magnetic declination of the
needle, by reason of which the needle did not point true north and south, but also antici-
pated Europeans by several centuries in the most delicate method of suspension of a
needle by means of a fiber. The Jesuit Lana, according to Hansteen, is said to have
introduced the fiber suspension in Europe about 1686. According to Prof. Sylvanus
P. Thompson, however, the suspending of a magnetic needle by a thread occurs in the
Speculum Lapidum of Camillus Leonardus, published at Venice in 1502.
Klaproth, who made a special study of the early history of the compass, found ** no
indubitable use ' * of the compass by the Chinese in navigation until toward the end of
the thirteenth century, at which time it had been on European ships for a century or
more. All efforts to satisfactorily account for the spread of the knowledge of the
properties of the lodestone from Eastern to Western nations, or vice versa, have thus
far failed. *
Summing up all the evidence, it would seem that the prime properties of the lode-
stone — attraction, polarity, directivity — were doubtless discovered independently by the
Chinese and by the occidental peoples and that the preponderance of evidence of priority
at present would seem to be on the Chinese side.
The Chinese undoubtedly were the first to use the compass in land jotuneys and in
the orientation of buildings and sites. It is related that, in the early part of the four-
o According to Klaproth, as cited above, this was 15°.
ft The number of points of the compass, according to the Chinese, is twenty-four, which are
reckoned from the south pole; the form also of the instrument they employ is different from that
familiar to Europeans. The needle is peculiarly poised, with its point of suspension a little below
its center of gravity, and is exceedingly sensitive; it is seldom more than an inch in length and is
less than a line in thickness. It appears thus sufficiently evident that the Chinese are not indebted
to Western nations for their knowledge of the use of the compass. (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th
ed.,art. Compass.)
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 15
teenth century (1314-1320A. D.), the temple of Yao-mu-ngan was oriented in this
way. It is an interesting fact that they were guided by the south end of the needle,
their name for compass being * * ting-nan-ching, ' * or needle pointing to the south. This
was probably because in China the south is considered the honorable quarter,
the Emperor taking his position facing south, and prominent buildings being placed
facing south. To distinguish the south end of the needle from the north end it was
painted red.
Introduction of the Compass.
The earliest definite mention as yet known of the use of the compass in the Middle
Ages occurs in a treatise entitled **De Utensilibus," written toward the end of the
twelfth century by an English monk, Alexander Neckam. He says :
** The sailors, moreover, as they sail over the sea, when in cloudy weather they can
not longer profit by the light of the sun, or when the world is wrapped in the darkness
of the shades of night, and they are ignorant to what part of the horizon the prow is
directed, place the needle over the magnet, which is whirled round in a circle, until,
when the motion ceases, the point of it (the needle) looks to the north."
Soon after the introduction of the compass, laws were framed against the f alsif3dng
of the compass. One of the most common beliefs which prevailed for many centuries
was known as the **garlic myth" and mariners were charged not to eat onions or garlic
lest the odor "deprive the stone of its virtue by weakening it and prevent them from
perceiving their correct course." **
In the following extract from a poem entitled * 'Love's Complaint," found by
M. Paulin Paris, a distinguished antiquarian, in a MS. of 1329 which he attributed to
William the Clerk, a vassal of Sire Rauf or Raul, who fought in the wars of Frederick I
in Italy (11 59 to 1177) appears the following description of the compass used at that
time: *
Who would of his course be sure.
When the clouds the sky obscure,
He an iron needle must
In the cork wood firmly thrust.
L/et the iron virtue lack
Rub it with the lodestone black,
In a cup with flowing brim,
Let the cork on water swim,
When at length the tremor ends.
Note the way the needle tends :
Though its place no eye can see —
There the polar star will be.
Furthermore, in the preceding verse he appears to assign the cause for the north
and south pointing of the needle to the attractive influence of the polar star, a belief
current until Gilbert's time (1600).
<t One of these laws was as follows: *' Whoever, being moved by sedition, shall menace the master
or pilot of a ship with the sword, or shall presume to interfere with the nautical gnomon or compass,
and especially, shall falsify the part of the lodestone upon which the guidance of all may depend, or
shall commit like abominable crimes in the ship or elsewhere, shall, if his life be spared, be punished
by having the hand which he most uses fastened, by a dagger or knife thrust through it, to the mast
or principal timber of the ship, to be withdrawn only by tearing it free." (Benjamin's Intellectual
Rise in Electricity. )
1 6 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Allusions to the compass among the early writers now began to multiply, e. g.,
Guyot de Provins, in a poem written 1203- 1208, Cardinal de Vitry (12 18), and others.
In a poem by Guido Guinicelli, an Italian priest who died in 1276, the following
suggestive lines occur:
In what strange regions 'neath the polar star
May the great hills of massy lodestone rise,
Virtue imparting to the ambient air
To draw the stubborn iron; while afar
From that same stone the hidden virtue flies
To turn the quivering needle to the Bear,
In splendor blazing in the Northern skies.
Matthew Paris, in relating the sending of the first papal legate to Scotland in 1247,
says he ' * drew the money out of the Scots to himself as strongly as the adamant does
iron."
In the middle of the thirteenth century the compass was in regular use among the
Norwegians.
Bacon appears to have had his attention directed to the lodestone, which he calls
"the miracle of nature," by Glanvil's encyclopedic work, written about 1250. He
says * * that the iron which is touched by the lodestone follows the part of the latter
which excites it, and flies up from the other part, and that it turns to the part of the
heavens to which the part of the magnet wherewith it was rubbed conforms. ' ' Further-
more, "that it is not the polar star which influences the magnet, for if such were the
case the iron would always be attracted toward the star; on the contrary, the rubbed
portion of the iron will follow the rubbed part of the magnet in any direction, back-
ward or forward, or to the right or left," etc."
Improvement of the Compass by Petrius Peregrinus.
We now turn to one of the most famous of the writings of the Middle Ages. Bacon
in his * * Opus tertium ' ' says * * there are but two perfect mathematicians, Master John
of London and Master Petrius de Maharn, curia, a Picard." Peter stands especially
high in his estimation. He was the author of the famous letter known as ' * Epistola
Petri Peregrini de Maricourt ad Sygerum de Foucaucourt militem de Magnete."
This letter **on the magnet," written by the nobleman Pierre de Maricourt on
August 12, 1269, to his friend and neighbor Syger de Foucaucourt, is probably the old-
est European treatise on the magnet. The author's surname **de Maricourt" is
derived from a little village in Picardy, France, from whence he came. He is, however,
more generally referred to as "Petrius Peregrinus," the appellation of Peregrinus or
Pilgrim indicating that he had taken part in the Crusades. He was a partisan of
Charles of Anjou, who had been crowned King of the two Sicilies by Pope Urban IV,
and who was laying siege for a second time to the town o£ Lucera, situated in the prov-
ince of Apulia in southern Italy. Under the walls of this town Peregrinus wrote his
memorable * ' epistola, ' * which became known to many of the learned men of his time
and succeeding centuries and had considerable influence on early writers on magnetism.
It was reproduced in 1558 with an introduction and comments by Achilles Gasser, a
«If this quotation be correct as taken from Benjamin, then the latter part of Bacon's statement,
"that the iron turns to the part of the heavens to which the part of the magnet wherewith it was
rubbed conforms," is incorrect. The contrary, as we shall see later, is the case.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 1 7
physician of Lindau, Germany, and again by subsequent authors, and more recently
by Hellmann in his excellent series of Berlin reprints, " Neudrucke" — Rara Magnetica
No. 10. «
Peregrinus was a man of learning, had the academic title of " magister,'* and, as
stated, was regarded very highly by his contemporary, Roger Bacon. The deductions
in his letter reveal in general a clear insight and sound reasoning powers. They are
based usually on actual experiment, which doubtless accounts for the influence his lit-
tle treatise exerted.
Some of the facts which Peregrinus cites in his letter had been previously known.
However, he appears to have had the faculty of putting them in precise language. A
summary of the contents of the letter will be found in Benjamin's book, from which
the quotations below have been taken.
Peregrinus, in direct contradiction to the earlier >^Titers, who invariably preferred
the lodestone from India, gives preference to the one from northern Europe, which was
used principally by sailors in the northern seas.
He explains how the poles of a magnet may be found, thus:
* * The stone is to be made in globular form and polished in the same way as are
crystals and other stones. Thus it is caused to conform in shape to the celestial sphere.
Now place upon it a needle or elongated piece of iron, and draw a line in the direction
of the length of the needle, dividing the stone in two. Then put the needle in another
place on the stone, and draw another line in the same way. This may be repeated w^ith
the needle in other positions. All of the lines thus drawn will run together in two
points, just as all the meridian circles of the world run together in two opposite poles
of the world. ' *
Peregrinus probably first found the poles in the way that is above described.
Then, afterwards, he remarked that at the points so determined the needle was more
strongly attracted than elsewhere. Consequently, he sees that the poles can be detected
without marking the meridians by simply noting the places on the stones where the
needle is most frequently and powerfully drawn. ''If, however," he continues, "you
wish to be precise, break the needle so as to get a short piece about two nails in length.
Place this on the supposed polar point. If the needle stands perpendicularly to the
surface of the stone such point is the true pole; if not, then move the needle about
until the place is found where it does thus stand erect. If these points are accurately
ascertained and the stone -is homogeneous and well chosen," he adds, "they will be
drawn diametrically opposite one another, like the poles of the sphere. * '
If the Earth's magnetism were uniformly distributed, Peregrinus's method of
"converging magnetic meridians " could be applied to determine with greater accuracy,
and certainly with more comfort, the position of the Earth's magnetic poles than by
specially equipped expeditions to the arctic and antarctic regions. It would suffice
to select a few well-chosen stations in easily accessible and climatically comfortable
regions, to determine accurately the magnetic declination of the needle at these points,
and to determine by an easy computation the points of intersection of the great circles
passing through the compass directions at the selected stations. It will be seen,
<i Sparing as Gilbert is in conceding the excellence of any work on magnetism prior to his own,
the **De Magnete" of 1600, he characterizes Peregrinus's work "as a gretty erudite book, considering
the time."
27478 — 02 2
1 8 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
however, that owing to the great irregularity in the distribution of the Earth's
magnetism this method is not admissible, and would give positions for the magnetic
poles diflFering considerably from the actual positions.
Peregrinus next explains how to designate the two poles and to distinguish them
from each other.
"Take," says Peregrinus, **a wooden vessel, round, like a dish or platter, and
put the stone in it so that the two points of the stone may be equidistant from the
edge; then put this in a larger vessel containing water, so that the stone may float like
a sailor in a boat. The stone so placed will turn in its little vessel until the north pole
of the stone will stand in the direction of the north pole of the heavens, and the south
pole in that of the south pole of the heavens; and if it be removed from this position,
it will return thereto by the will of God. Since the north and south parts of the
heavens are known, so will they be known in the stone, because each part of the stone
will turn itself to its corresponding part of the heavens.*'
Then, '*If the north part of the stone, which you hold, be brought to the south
part of the stone floating in the vessel, the floating stone will follow the stone you hold,
as if wishing to adhere to it; and, if the south part of the held stone be brought to the
north part of the floating stone, the same thing wnll happen. Know it, therefore, as a
law," he says, "that the north part of one stone attracts the south part of another stone ^
and the south the yiorthy
We thus have a recognition of the well-known fact that unlike magnetic poles
attract each other and while Peregrinus does not explicitly state the additional fact
that like poles repel each other, it stands to reason that in the course of his experi-
ments the fact of repulsion of like poles must likewise have manifested itself to him,
especially, as it was known to his master, Bacon. However, it was customary for the
early writers to speak simply of the * "^attractive virtue of the magnet. ' '
It will be noticed that Peregrinus designated that part of the lodestone which
points to the north a^ the north end or pole, and that part which is directed to the south,
the south pole. He says, * ' You will infer what part of the iron is attracted to each part
of the heavens from knowing that the part of the iron which has touched the southern
part of the magnet is turned to the northern part of the sky. The contrary will happen
with respect to that end of the iron which has touched the north part of the stone,
namely, it will direct itself towards the south."
This is the first clear and accurate statement regarding the character of the poles
induced in the * * iron " by its " touch ' ' with the * * magnet ' ' or lodestone, and the quarter
of the heavens to which each pole will point, if the iron be freely suspended.® It will
be noted that Bacon's statement (p. 16) is just the reverse of that of Peregrinus.
According to the laws of magnetism, the part of the iron touched by the magnet
or lodestone will have induced in it a magnetic pole of an opposite kind to that in the
end of the magnet used. Furthermore, since like poles repel and unlike ones attract
each other, it is manifest that if the north end of a compass is called the north pole, the
magnetism in the northern regions of the earth must be of the south pole kind, other-
wise we should have repulsion instead of attraction. Or, if in the north end of the
compass there resides magnetism of the south pole kind, then the earth's north magnetic
A Benjamin, thinking that Peregrinus had committed an error in his statement, offers various
cpologies for him.
?.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM.
19
pole has magnetism of the north pole kind. To avoid this confusion the north end of
the compass is frequently referred to as "the north-seeking or north-pointing end,"
and the south end as the "south-seeking or south-pointing end." The part of the
*' iron," then, which touches the north-seeking end of the magnet will have magnetism
of the south-seeking kind induced in it, and will point or be attracted to the south
when the iron is delicately supported, and the part which is rubbed by the south-seeking
end of the magnet has induced in it a pole of the north-seeking kind and hence will
point to the north.
The chief achievement of Peregrinus was his improvement of the mariner's compass ^
which at that time was a very crude contrivance indeed, the magnet being supported by
a reed floating in a vessel of water, and provided neither with an index to reckon from
nor with a compass card. He combined the compass with the nautical astrolabe for
measuring the sun's altitude, provided a fiducial line, or the so-called "lubber's point,"
and a graduated scale, thus enabling the mariner not only to steer his ship more truly,
but likewise to determine the azimuth of a heavenly body. At first he floated his
compass, but later introduced for the first time the pivoted or, rather, socketed
compass, the description of which, as given by Benjamin, is as
follows:
"The floating bowl and the large vessel of water are abol-
ished, and in place of them there is the ordinary circular com-
Pio. 2. — Floating compass used
by Peregrinus (1269).
Fio. 3.— Double-pivoted compass invented by Peregrinus (1269).
pass box of to-day. Its edges are marked as those of the bowl were — with the degree
of the circle. It is covered with a plate of glass. In the center of the instrument, and
stepped in the glass cover and in the bottom of the box, is a pivot, throtigh which passes
the compass needle, now no longer an ovoid lodestone, but a true needle of steel or iron.
Then at right angles to this needle is another needle, which, curiously enough, he says is
to be made of silver or copper. Pivoted above the glass cover is an azimuth bar, as before,
with sight pins at the ends. Now, he says, you are to magnetize the needle by means of
the lodestone in the usual way, so that it will point north and south, and then the azi-
muth bar is to be turned on its center so as to be directed toward the sun or heavenly
bodies, and in this way, of course, the azimuth is easily measured. In fact, the device
is the azimuth compass of the present time. *By means of this instrument,' says
Peregrinus, ' you may direct your course toward cities and islands and all other parts
of the world, either on land or at sea, provided you are acquainted with the longitudes
and latitudes of those places.' "
Figure 2 represents the floating compass used by Peregrinus, and figure 3 his
double-pivoted compass. Both figures have been directly reproduced from the memoirs
on Peregrinus by Bertelli, who made the subject a special study.
cH
20 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
It will be noticed that Peregrinus had in this compass all the devices necessary for
ascertaining whether the magnetic needle pointed precisely to the north, or declined
away from the north; however, he does not seem to have noticed any such departure.
He would be especially interested in this, as he supposed that "from the poles of the
world the poles of the magnet received their virtue." That he did not remark any
declination indicates pretty strongly that the needle did not, at that time, point very
far from north, so that if he did observe any departure, the smallness of the amount
doubtless led him to ascribe it to imperfection of construction of his compass. A
similar conclusion has been reached by the writer from other researches. At present
the needle points about 9° west in southern Italy.
Peregrinus was credited by Thevenot in 1 68 1 with having found a magnetic decli-
nation of 5*^ east in 1269, but Wenckebach's researches showed that this was an inser-
tion in the Leyden manuscript of his "epistola" made in the early part of the sixteenth
century, about which time the needle did actually point that amount at Rome. (See
Table I. ) Thdvenot had likewise erroneously ascribed the authorship of this famous
letter to * * Peterus Adsigerus. ' '
Recapitulating, Peregrinus may be accredited with very notable discoveries and
achievements, chief of which are:
1 . The mode of locating and distinguishing the magnetic poles of a magnet.
2. The method of touch and rubbing for reversing the polarity of a magnet and
the fact that a magnet can be broken into any number of fragmentary pieces, each of
which will be a magnet.
3. The first attempt at an azimuth compass, and the introduction of a mode of
pivot suspension of the needle.
Improvement of the Compass by Flavio Gioja.
The contents of Peregrinus' s letter did not become widely known, the few manu-
script copies which had been made by the early monks lying buried in the monasteries
until the sixteenth century, and so it happened that many of his discoveries were
rediscovered.
In PeregrinUs's pivoted compass the needle passed through a vertical shaft pivoted
in the top and bottom of the compass, so that the shaft and needle turned together.
In the modern compass, as is known, the compass needle turns on a fixed point.
Furthermore, his compass lacked the modern subdi\dsion of the circle into thirty- two
points or the so-called * ' Rose of the Winds. ' *
Flavio Gioja, who came from Posit ano in the hills back of Amalfi, Italy, is credited
with the invention of the mariner's compass some time prior to 13 18 (about 1302).
Thus, Anthony of Bologna, in the latter part of the fourteenth century, writes that
'* Amalfi first gave to seamen the use of the magnet." It is considered probable that
Gioja introduced the compass card of thirty-two points, or * ' Rose of the Winds, ' ' the
mode of pivot suspension whereby the needle turns on a fixed point, and the attaching
of the card to the compass needle, thus adding greatly to the usefulness of the compass
at sea. The earliest maps having the " Rose of the Winds" are Genoese, of about the
year 13 18. During the summer of 1901 the invention of the mariner's compass by
Gioja was celebrated at Amalfi by the Italians.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 2 I
The character of the compass used in Mediterranean waters in the fourteenth
century is seen from a statement of Da Buti's in 1380: '*The navigators have a
compass, in the middle of which is pivoted a wheel of light paper which turns on its
I»vot, and that on this wheel the needle is fixed and the star (Rose of the Winds)
painted.** The adoption of this compass by the English did not apparently take place
for some time, as Chaucer does not mention until 1391 the division of the compass circle
into 32 points instead of 24 points.
< < r^^-m^m A «« >>
DERIVATION OF THE WORD COMPASS.
The following quotation is from Prof. J. A. Fleming's lecture on ' ' The Earth a
Great Magnet,'* delivered at Bristol, England, in 1898:
**The word compass is an old English word, signifying a circle. * My green bed
embroidered with a compass * is mentioned in the will of Edward, Duke of York, who
died in 1415.
' * The well-known instrument for describing a circle is called a compass or pair of
compasses. To encompass means to surround as by a circle, and most of you at some
time or another have seen a public house with the sign of the ' Goat and the compasses,*
which antiquarians tell us is only a corruption of the old pious house motto, *God
encompasses us.* Hence the magnetic instrument takes its familiar name from the
circle of degrees or points which Peregrinus or Gioja added to enable it to indicate the
angular distance of an object from the meridian. ' '
VOYAGES OF DISCOVERY.
Under the initiative of Prince Henry of Portugal — Henry the Navigator — who
founded a naval college, corrected charts, improved compasses, and made other advances
in navigation, the compass played an important part in the great voyages of discovery
of the fifteenth century. No important discovery relating to the compass resulted,
however, until the memorable voyage of Columbus in 1492. Before passing to this
mention should be made of the former compass charts toward the close of the fourteenth
century and the first half of the fifteenth.
. Compass Charts.
The earl}' charts of the Mediterranean coasts of the fourteenth and fifteenth
centuries were oriented by the compass and all bearings from one port to another were
compass directions; hence these charts are known as * * compass charts. * * It will be
recalled that at their date the magnetic declination of the compass had not become
known; it was believed that the compass pointed **true to the north pole,'* and that,
hence, compass directions were also true directions. If a compass showed any marked
departure from the true north this was accredited to mechanical imperfection in its
construction.
The earliest of these charts were by Marino Sanuto, between 1306 and 1324.
The best, however, are those in the atlas of Andrea Bianco of the year 1436 and this atlas
has been subjected to a critical examination by Oscar Peschel.^ He found that in spite
^Der Atlas des Andrea Bianco' vom Jahre 1436, in zehn Tafeln. Photographische Facsimile in
der Grosse des Originals, vollstandig heraiisgegeben von Max Miinster und mit einem Vorworte
versehen von Oscar Peschel. Venedig, H. F. M. Miinster, 1869.
22 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
of the crude appliances in use at that date the distances from place to place harmonized
with later, more accurate determinations in a most remarkable manner, but the places
were not always in their proper parallels of latitude, their departure therefrom varying
in a perfectly systematic manner. Thus two places on the west Mediterranean coast
were in the same parallel of latitude as places on the east Mediterranean coast, which
as a matter of fact are situated in lower latitudes. In other words, the places had been
plotted according to magnetic meridians and parallels. By measuring the angle for
Rome, through which the chart ^ had to be turned in an ENW. direction, in order
that the various places would fall in their proper geographic parallels, the writer found
that the magnetic declination at Rome was about 5° East in 14.^6 {or mx>re likely
before y since the charts were undoubtedly constructed from data obtained during m^ny years
prior to date of publication, //j<5). This is the earliest information at preseyit obtainable
regarding the amount of the magnetic declinatio?i in Europe.
BIRTH OF THE SCIENCE OF TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM.
Discovery of the Magnetic Declination at Sea.
That the needle pointed * * true to the pole ' * of the heavens or to the pole star had
been, as we have seen, the general belief up to the close of the fifteenth century. It
remained for the terrorized sailors on Columbus's first voyage to the New World to
be made aware of the next great fact of the Earth's magnetism, viz, that the needle
changes its direction from place to place and points exactly north and south over but
a ver>^ limited region of the Earth.
It will be recalled that after leaving Palos Columbus set sail for Gomera, one of
the Canary Islands, from whence he laid his course due west. Not many days out
from Gomera, on September 13, 1492, to the great consternation of the sailors, it was
noticed that ' * at the first of the evening of this day the needles varied to the N W. , and
the next morning about as much in the same direction. * * * September 17 the
pilot took the sun's amplitude and found that the needle varied to the NW. a whole
point of the compass. The seamen were terrified and dismayed, w^ithout saying w^hy.
The admiral discovered the cause and directed them to take the amplitude again next
morning, when they found that the needles were true. The cause was that the star
moved from its place, while the needles remained stationary." *
Before this time, as will be seen from Fig. 4, which gives the lines of equal magnetic
declination for 1500, as recently drawn by van Bemmelen, the compass had pointed a
few degrees east of north, but the amount, about 3° at Palos and at Gomera, was too
small to attract special attention, and if it had it would have been attributed to an
imperfection in the construction of the compass. The compasses used were doubtless
divided into points (ti3^°) and half points, allowing quarter points (about 3°) to be
estimated. (In Fig. 4 the minus sign means east declination.)
After leaving Gomera the easterly declination of the compass, it will be seen,
steadily diminished, until about September 13, when it was observed in the evening to
«Bianco's chart in E. Mayer's *' Die Entwickelung der Seekarten, Wien, 1877" was used.
& Personal Narrative of the First Voyage of Columbus to America, translated by Sanmel Kettell.
Published by Thomas B. Wail & Son, Boston; G. C. Carvill, New York, and Carey & I^ea, Philadel-
phia, 1827.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM.
23
pass from east to west. According to Schott*s computation,^ the flagship of Columbus
was at noon on September 13, 1492, in north latitude 28° 21', and in longitude 29° 16'
west of Greenwich. This position is probably not far from the place through which
the Hne of no magnetic declination — the so-called agonic line — along which the needle
did stand * * true to the pole, ' ' passed at that date. This line, as is seen from Fig. 4, laj'
a little to the west of Fayal Island of the Azores.
It will be noticed from the above extracts that on September 17 Columbus had
gone far enough west of this line to have had the compass bear a whole point ( 1 1 J4^ ° )
to the west. That the next morning "the needles were true again" is inexplicable,
except that in order to allay the fears of his sailors he practiced some pardonable decep-
tion on them, and may possibly have changed the points of the compass, as he had done,
according to his own confession, once before on another voyage, in order to force the
inclination of a possibly mutinous crew to his will.
-^*
Pig. 4. — I,ines of equal magnetic declination tor 1500 (van Bexnmelen).
The explanation which Columbus gave for the departure of the needles observed
between September 13 and 17, that the North Star moved in its place, while the needles
remained stationary, was, of course, a mere fiction to quiet the apprehensions of his
crew. Columbus, according to the history written by his son, believed, as did Pere-
grinus and Bacon, that the needle was attracted or directed not by the Pole Star, but
by all points of the heavens.
According to Schott's investigations, it would seem that toward the end of Sep-
tember, when about in midocean, the needle had reached its maximum westerly pointing;
thereafter.it continued to diminish, until at the first landing place of Columbus, which,
according to the researches of Lieut. J. B. Murdock,^ of the United States Navy, appears
unquestionably to have occurred at Watlings Island, the needle bore but a trifle west.
«See Appendix No. 19, United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1880, p. 5, and
Appendix No. 7, report for 1888, p. 305.
ft "The Cruise of Columbus in the Bahamas, 1492." Proceedings of the U. S. Naval Institute
No. 30, Annapolis, April, 1884.
24 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Columbus himself does not mention the declination of the compass after Sep-
tember 17, nor does he say anything about the behavior of the compass on his
return voyage, nor does he record anything regarding the compass on his second voj^age
(1493-1496), nor on the fourth (1502-1504). However, on the third voyage (from
1498 to 1500), he writes as follows:
"I remarked that from north to south in traversing these hundred leagues (300
geographical miles) from the said islands (Azores) the needle of the compass, which
hitherto had turned toward the NE., turned a full quarter of the wind to the NW.,
and this took place from the time we reached that line.""
Continuing, he says, '*For in sailing thence (fr6m the Azores) westward the ship
went on rising smoothly toward the sky and then the weather was felt to be milder. On
account of which mildness the needle shifted one point of the compass; the further we
went the more the needle went to the NW., this elevation producing the variation of
the circle which the North Star describes with its satellites.***
A second point in the line of no magnetic declination, situated farther north than
the one of Columbus, was found by Sebastian Cabot and dates from 1497 or 1498. He
found, when on the meridian no miles west of the island of Flores, one of the Azores,
and in latitude approximately 46° or 47°, that he was in a position where the needle
had ' ' no variation. ' * ^
This line along which the needle pointed exactly to the north, one point of which
had been discovered by Columbus and another by Sebastian Cabot, was believed to be
a convenient line, '* given by nature herself,'* from which to reckon longitude, especially
as it almost passed through the place from which longitude was then reckoned, and it
figured prominently for many years in political geography as the line of demarcation
between the rival kingdoms of Portugal and Castile. It can be seen, however, by
referring to Fig. 4, that this line does not coincide with a true meridian and that it is
« Select letters of Columbus, 2d edition, translated and edited by H. Major, London, 1870; printed
for the Hakluyt Society, pp. 131, 135.
'^ Regarding this passage Schott (App. 19, U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1880, p. 414)
says: " It is evident that the extract from the third voyage is but an amplification of his first account,
and expresses his conviction that west of the Azores, where the declination was a little easterly, it
changed to the westward, being nearly zero at Corvo, and gradually increasing to one point or 11° W.
at a distance of 300 nautical miles west of the longitude of Corvo. The position of Rosario, on the
southeast part of the island of Corvo, is, according to the Carta Esf erica de las Islas Azores, Madrid, 1855,
in latitude 39° 41^ and longitude 24° 53^ west of San Fernando, or in 31° 07^ west of Green^nch
(according to the Conn, des Temps); 100 leagues or 300 nautical miles west of this long^itude would
correspond (in latitude 28°) to 5° 40^ and would bring the Columbus line in longitude 36° 47' W.'*
<^In App. 7, U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1888, p. 305, second footnote, Schott
says: "Soon after the discovery by Columbus of a point of no variation in the Atlantic, Sebastian
Cabot discovered a second one farther north and evidently belonging to the same agonic curve. Livio
Sanuto states in his Geographica Distincta (Venice, 1588) that he procured the information from
Sebastian Cabot and made use of his map (probably that composed in 1544), on which the position of
the meridian intersecting the point of no variation was seen to be no miles to the west of the island
of Flores, one of the Azores; see Narrative and Critical History of America, by Justin Winsor, Vol. Ill,
Boston and New York, 1884, p. 41. This discovery was probably made on the second voyage of the
Cabots, in 1498, although it may have been noted in the first, 1497, by the elder Cabot. The latitude
of the point is uncertain, but may be approximated from the fact that in the first voyage land was
apparently sighted at Cape Breton, and in the second the coast of New Foundland (Baccalaos), which
is said to have been made from the north."
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 25
moreover a very devious and variable line, ever changing its course and form with the
lapse of time.
Thus by Ike end of the fifteenth century the two new facts that the compass needle does
not, in general, point true north or south, but a certain amount east or west, and that the
amount varies with locality, had become known among western natiofis; Columbus must be
credited with their discovery." The necessity for measuring the angle of pointing of the
needle thus became apparent in 1492, and hence this must be regarded as Ike year of birth
of the science of terrestrial magnetism, which has for its special object the measurement of
ike earth's magnetic elements.
Discovery of the Magnetic Decunation on Land.
According to Hellmann,* "It was the construction of sundials that first brought
those on land to a true perception of the declination of the magnetic needle from the
astronomical meridian ' ' and ' ' not the discovery of Columbus, of which nothing appeared
in print." In the early part of the sixteenth century the quaint old German town of
Nuremburg was quite a center for the manufacture of sundial^ provided with magnetic
needles, which found a ready market not only in Germany but in many other countries
and were widely used.
One of the most famous of these "compass makers," as the makers of these com-
pass sundials were called, was Georg Hartmann, who lived in Nuremburg from the
<• Columbus is generally credited merely with the discovery of the second fact, viz, the change of
the magnetic declination from place to place. However, no satisfactory evidence has thus far come
to light, as has been shown, that the first fact was known before his time, except apparently among
the Chinese.
'■"The Beginnings of Magnetic Observations," by G. Hellmann, Journal Terrestrial Magnetism,
Vol. IV, pp. 73-86.
26 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
year 1518 until his death, serving as vicar of the famous church of St. Sebaldus.
Hartmann lived in Rome about 15 10 and appears to have made there the first observa-
tion of the magnetic declination on land, finding that the magnetic needle pointed at
Rome 6° east of north. Apparently he did not make known this discovery until in a
letter written March 4, 1544, to Count Albert of Prussia. In his letter he also says
that at Nuremburg the needle points 10° and "at other places more or less."
Big. 5 is a reproduction of an ivory sundial found by Le Monnier ° in the collec-
tion of Prince de Conti and constructed by Hieronymus Bellarmartus. It shows that
the needle at Paris pointed in 1541 about 7° east — this being the oldest known value at
Paris.
Early Methods for Determining the Magnetic Declination and the
Earliest Values on Land.
The earliest method was that used by Columbus of noting the magnetic bearing of
the Pole Star. A Sevillian apothecary, Felipe Guillen, devised an instrument which
he presented to the King of Portugal, Joao III, in 1525, and which he tenned '' bnijula
de variacidn,'' By means of this instrument the declination was determined by noting
with the aid of the shadow thrown by a stylus, the magnetic bearing of the Sun at
equal altitudes before and after noon; the half difference of the bearings was the decli-
nation.
The first one who published useful methods for determining the magnetic declina-
tion appears to have been Francisco Falero * in 1535. In Hellmann's * * Rara Magnetica ' *
is reproduced the special chapter on this subject entitled ' ' Del Nordestear de la
Agujas.*' According to Hellmann, in Falero* s book is found the first reference i?t print
to the magnetic declination.
He gives the following three methods for its determination: (i) Magnetic bearing
of Sun at apparent noon when the shadow of the stylus falls to the north: (2) Guillen's
method, and (3) magnetic bearing of Sun at sunrise and sunset.
In 1537 Pedro Nunes improved Guillen's instrument, adding the means for meas-
uring the Sun's altitude and inventing a new method for the determination of latitude
at any time' of day.
The first fairly extensive series of carefully made declinations at sea is due to Joao
de Castro, who in 1538 commanded one of eleven ships sent to the East Indies by the
Infanta Dom Luiz and who later became the fourth vice king of India. He diligently
made magnetic, meteorological, and hydrographic observations on the entire voyage.**
The first treatise published on the subject in England was that of W. Borough:
*'A Discours of the Variation," London, 1581, annexed to Norman's '*Newe Attract-
ive," and republished with it three times (1585, 1596, and 1614). The methods
in principle are Falero's. Borough gives in this book his obsen^ations for deter-
mining the magnetic declination at London (Limehouse), on October 16, 1580, being
a Le Monnier: '*Histoire de T Academic Royale de Sciences," Ann^e, 1771, p. 29. The cut is
reproduced from Hellman's article cited above.
'^Tratado del Esphera y del arte del marear, Sevilla, 1535.
<*The most recent collection and utilization of the values will be found in van Bemnielen's '* Die
Abweichung der Magnetnadel," Batavia, 1899.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 27
doubtless the first observations printed in detail. He deduced from these a value of
11° 15' E.«
The first collection of values (42) of the magnetic declination of the sixteenth
century, which, however, was far from being complete, was contained in Simon Stevin's
'*De Havenvinding,*' published in Dutch, at Leyden, in 1599.* This was translated
into Latin by Hugo de Groot (Grotius) under the title of ''/iijA€VTp€TtK?j sive portuum
investigandorum ratio,'* and likewise published in 1599. It was translated by
Edward Wright into English and published separately, and also appended to the third
edition of his Errors in Navigation; the table of declinations had appeared already
in the second edition of his work. The following definition of the magnetic declination
taken from Grotius' s translation is of interest: *'Declinatio magneticae ^ Septentrione
ad Orientem, avarXKr^os vocatur, Occidentem versus dvffiajjLo^^ et nomine universali
XaXi/36KXi(Tig:x^Xvfio'^^i(^t5^ ante et opdo/SopsodetStg generaU ^aA.t>y5ode/^£a?^
nomine appellantur. ' '
It will be seen that he used the tenn ** magnetic declination" to denote what
Norman, Borough, and, later, Gilbert termed as "variation of the compass.^ The
same writers used the word ** declination " to denote what is now known as dip or
* ' inclination. ' ' Because of this confusion of terms, careful scrutiny of the early refer-
ences regarding ' * declination ' ' is necessary. Instead of Grotius' s terms, ' * anatolismos' '
for east declination and "dusismos" for west declination, the Dutch original has
**Ostering" and "Westering," respectively, whereas Wright uses "variation west"
and * ' variation east. ' ' The terminology of Grotius was extensivelv used by the seven-
teenth century authors of works on magnetism in the Latin language. Ste\an's inter-
esting little work owed its origin to the patronage of Count Moritz of Nassau, admiral
of the Dutch fleet, who saw the great importance in navigation of accurate knowledge
of the magnetic declination.
Table I represents an attempt to collect the values of the magnetic declination up
to the year 1600, inclusive, for places on land or in its \'icinity, for which the year of
observation is known or for which it is possible to assign an approximate date. ' As
the fact of the secular change of th€ magnetic declination did not become known until
the next century, it was not customary to affix a date to an observation.' The sign
it in the table means that the date is approximate. The values obtained with sea
compasses require careful scrutiny, as these compasses were frequently shifted to allow
for the supposed variation or "error" of the needle. Thus, Robert Norman, instru-
« Actual mean was 11° ly or nearly 11 3^°, the quantity given by Gilbert in the " De Magnete."
Both Norman and Borough persistently give 11** 15''. Gellibrand later recalculated Borough's obser-
vations, making allowance for atmospheric refraction, and deduced a mean value of 11° 16''. (See
** Walker's Terrestrial and Cosmical Magnetism,'* 1866. )
ft The table of values was obtained by Stevin from the cartographer P. Plancius, who is said to
have entered them on a globe or a chart completed in 1592. Hence they refer to dates prior to 1592.
<^From x^^Xviff (genitive, x^^Xvfioi)^ steel, and tcXtyetVy to decline, hence, declination of the
magnet.
<^The term "variation*' may have been derived from Guillen, who termed his instrument for
determining it "briijula de variaci6n." (See p. 26.)
« "And although this variation of the needle be found in Trauell to be divers and changeable, yet at
any land or fixed place assigned it remaineth always one, still permanent and abyding." R. Norman,
"The Newe Attractive," 1581.
28
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
ment maker, in 1581, says: ''Of the common Sayling Compasses, I find heere (in
Europa) five simdry sortes or sets" — according to the amount of correction allowed
for by different makers. Thus, "b}' the Isle of Saint Michaell in the Acorres,*' he
found ' ' that the North poynt of the common compass, showeth the Pole very neere
in that Meridian y but the bare Needle sheweth about 4 Degrees 50 Minutes to the
Eastwards of the Pole."
It was not until the close of the sixteenth century that the ' * variation from the
true north * ' came to be generally accepted as an actual fact of nature and not one to
be accredited to the imperfection of the construction of the compass.
Table I. — Earliest values of the magnetic declination up to 1600 for places on land or in
its vicinity, ^
No.
Date.
Place.
Country.
Latitude.
Longitude.
Magnetic
Declina-
tion.
Authority or observer.
I
1436 (prior)
Rome
Italy
t
41 54N
/
12 27E
/
b5 K
L> A. Bauer from Com-
pass Charts
2
i5io±
do.
do.
41 54N
la 27 E
6 E
Georg Hartmann
3
i5i8±
Bay of Guinea
Africa
• «
ft ft ft ft
("K E)
Picro di Giovanni
d'Antonio di Dino
4
1520±
Vienna
Austria
48 15 N
16 21 E
4 E
Johann Georg Tann-
stetter (Rheticus)
5
1523 (?)
Landshut (?)
Germany
• • •
ft ft ft ft
9 E
Petrus Apianus
6
i532±
Ingolstadt
do.
• • • •
ft ft ft ft
10 30 E
Do.
7
1534
Dieppe
France
4956N
I 05 E
10 E
Francois or Crignon
8
1537
Florence
Italy
• • •
ft ft ft ft
9 E
Mauro (Sphera vol-
gare novamente tra-
dotta. Venetia, 1537.
4°, fol. 53»)
9
1538
Nuremburg
Germany
• ft ft •
• ft • ft
10 15 E
Georg Hartmann
10
1538, April
Lisbon
Portugal
38 42N
9 OS w
7 30E
Joao de Castro
II
1538, Aug. 10
Mozambique
Africa
1502 S
40 46 E
645E
Do.
12
1539 =t
Dantzig
Germany
• ft •
ft ft ft ft
13 E
Georg Joachim Rhe-
ticus
13
»54i
Paris
France
4852N
2 20 E
7 E
Hieronymus Bellar-
matus
14
1544^
Nuremburg
Germany
ft ft ft
ft ft ft ft
10 E
Georg Hartmann
15
i546±
Island Walchereu
Holland
• ft ft ft
ft • ft
9 E
Gerhard Mercator
16
1550
Paris
France
48 52 N
2 20 E
8 E
Orontius Pineeus
17
1556 July 17
Petchora R. (mouth)
Russia
69 10 N
5500E
3 30W
Stephen Borough
18
1556, July 27
Nova Zembla(S.coast)
do.
70 42 N
57 30 E
730W
Do.
19
1556, Aug. 6
Vaigatch I. (coast)
do.
70 25 N
59 ooE
8 ooW
Do.
20
1557
Kholmogery
do.
64 25N
41 50E
5 loE
Do.
21
1557, June 2
Dogsnose (2 miles on
shore to northward )
do.
6547N
40 00 E
4 ooE
Do.
22
1557, June 16
Kola Peninsula
do.
66 59N
39 30E
3 30E
Do.
23
1569
Bdckstein
Austria
47 05 N
13 07 H
15 ooE
[Doppler's collection]
24
^575±5
St. Michael Island
Azores
37 DO N
25 00 w
450E
R. Norman
25
1576, June
Gravesend
England
51 23 N
20 E
II 30 E
Frobisher
26
1576, June
Fair Island (SW. of)
Scotland
59 20N
2 10 W
II 09E
Do.
"Compiled from the following sources: No. i derived from Bianco's compass charts (see p. 21); 3-15, inclusive, from
Hellmann and Wagner's collections (Journal " Terrestrial Magnetism," Vol. IV, p. 80, and Vol. VII, No. 2); No. 24 from
Norman's "The Newe Attractive," (see citation, p. 43; the date was approximately assigned), Nos. 31 and 33, from
W. Borough's " Variation of the Compass," 1581. (Norman in his book also states that he found at London 11° 15' by
his own observation. Doubtless Borough and Norman made the London observation together.) The rest of the
observations except No. 28 (see footnote c) are taken from Hansteen's " Magnetismus der Erde," and principally from
van Bemmelen's valuable collections, " Ab weichung der Magnetnadel," Batavia, 1899.
bit is a curious coincidence that this value agrees precisely with the one (5° E.) which had been for so long
erroneously ascribed to Peregrinus, as having been observed by him in 1269. See p. 20.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM.
29
Table I. — Earliest values of the magnetic declination up to 1600 for places on land or in
its vicinity — Continued.
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53 j
54
55
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
«4
65
66
67
68
69
579
579 (?)
580, Apr. 17
580, June 1 1-16
580. Oct. 4
580, Oct. 16
580
581 (before)
587, Apr.
587, May 25.
587, Aug.
587
587
587. June 30
587. July 23
589, Aug. 14
589, Sept. 13
589, Sept. 22
589, Sept. 23
589, Nov. 12 •
594
595, Jan.
595. Jan.
595, Aug. 4
595, Sept. 3
596, June 22
596. June 9
596, June 23
596, July 21
596. July 31
596
596
596
596
596
596-99
597. Feb.
597. Apr. 24
597, May 4
597, Aug. 11
598. June 28
598, Sept. 38
598, Dec. 31
Bermejo Port
Cape Mendocino
(near)
Astrakhan
Bildih
Derbent
. I^ndon
I Paris
I Vaigatch Island
' Maipo
Puna
Mauranilla
I Cape Corientes
Cape San Lucas (near)
G reenland, K. coast
Cumberland Bay,
NW. end
Santa Cruz (Flores)
Fayal, in the town
do.
do.
NE.of CapeFinisterre
Off Cape St. Vincent
Off Cape Barbas
Off Cape Roxo
Bay Aguada de Sam-
bras (Mossel Bay?)
Off Cape San Roman
Entrance Sunda Sts.
Bear Island (Cherry)
Hinlopen Strait
No\'a Zembla, Cross I.
do.
Nova Zembla, I«an-
geneus
Vaigatch Island
Williams Island
Yshoek
Nova Zembla
Graz
Bali Strait,eastendof
Africa (SB. coast)
Off Cape of Good
Hope
Off Egmont
Off Martin Vaz I.
Off Mauritius Island
Off Bantam
Country.
I^atitude.
/
Longitude.
Magnetic
Declina-
tion.
Authority or observer
G /
/
South America
50 25S
75 ooE
00
P. Sarmiento de Gam-
boa
California
39 00 N
124 00 W
09 00 E
Sir Francis Drake
Russia
46 21 N
48 02 E
1340W
Chr. Borough
do.
40 25 N
49 30E
ID 40 W
Do.
do.
42 05 N
48 15 E
11 ooW
Do.
England
51 31 N
o3E
II 15 E
W. Boroughs and R
Norman
France
48 52 N
2 30 E
II 30 E
Severtius
Russia
70 ± N
58 ± E
7 CO W
W. Boroughs
South America
34 ooS
71 39 W
2 30 W
Cavendish
do.
245S
80 ooW
3 ooE
Do.
Mexico
18 15 N
104 00 W
3 ooE
Do.
do.
3045N
106 00 W
3 00 E
Do.
do.
22 55N
III 56 W
3 ooE
Do.
72 10 N
56 ooW
38 00 W
Davis
67 ooN
67 30W
30 00 W
Do.
Azores
3950N
3040W
64 00 W
Edward Wright
do.
3850N
27 40 W
«»i 30E
Do.
do.
3850N
27 40W
64 40 E
Do.
do.
3850N
27 40 W
^3 »o E
Do.
Spain.
44 25N
10 00 w
«7 00 E
Do.
do.
37 05 N
9 10 W
5 15E
Robert Dudley
Africa
22 00 N
17 00 w
3 ooE
Do.
Porto Rico
17 54N
67 5W
300W
Do.
Africa
34 loS
32 00 E
00
Corn. Houtman
Madagascar
25 30S
46 50 E
13 00 W
Do.
6 ooS
104 20 E
4 00 W
Do.
74 10 N
16 00 E
13 ooE
Willem Barentsz
Spitzbei-gen
16 ooN
7940W
17 00 E
Do.
Russia
7645N
59 ooE
26 00 W
Do.
do.
7645N
59 ooE
17 00 W
Do.
do.
7340N
53 30E
25 ooW
Do.
do.
69 loN
61 10 E
24 30 w
Do.
do.
75 50 N
5830E
33 ooW
Do.
do.
7655N
67 30E
27 00 W
Do.
do.
76 07N
6834E
26 00 w
Do.
Austria
47 07N
15 25 E
6 00 W
J. Kepler
Java
8 30S
114 50 E
d2 00 W
Com. Houtman
32 30S
38 50E
5 00 W
Do.
3450S
18 20E
30 E
Do.
Holland, coast
52 30 N
4 30 E
15 ooE
Do.
20 38S
31 13 w
II 10 E
Van Neck
20 27 S
67 30 E
22 15 W
Do.
Java
6 ooS
106 10 E
5 loW
Do.
a This value is given on a map by R. Dudley in the "Arcano del Mare,'* and preserved by Petrus Koerius. dated 16461
showing the coast of New Albion, discovered by Sir P. Drake in 1579. Narrative and critical hisfory of America, Justin
Winaor, vol. 2, Boston and New York, 1886.
^These observation.s according to Hansteen, were made by Wright with W. Boroughs' compass described in B.'s book
oThis value is given by Hansteen in one place as 7^^ 40'. in another as 7^ 04'; Van Bemmelen apparently rounds off
the value to 7°.
d Not quite 2^.
30
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table I. — Earliest values of the magnetic declination up to r 600 for places on land or in
its vicinity — Concluded.
No.
Date.
Place.
Country.
Latitude.
Longitude.
Magnetic
Declina-
tion.
Authority or observer.
/
/
/
70
1599, Feb. 9
OfiF Aroabaya
Madura Island
7 ooS
xia 50 E
2 30W
Van Neck.
71
I599> Apr. 3^
Amboina, west end
3 a6S
138 30 E
3 loB
Do.
72
1599, Apr. 19
Off Temate and Ti-
dore
I 02 N
127 20 E
3 loE
Do.
73
1600, May 7
Off St. Helena Island
1555S
543W
738E
Do.
74
1600, May 22
In bay, I. Ste. Marie
Madagascar
1540S
47 30E
16 30 W
Wilkens
75
1600, July 13
Off Maldive Islands
Indian Ocean
2 ooN
7300E
15 00 W
Do.
76
1600
Between Bum and
Amboina
Dutch E. I.
345S
127 30 E
3 ooE
Do.
77
1600, Sept.
Off BanUm
Java
6 ooS
io6 loE
5 ooW
Do.
78
1600
Constantinople
Turkey
41 01 N
28 50E
00
79
1600 (before)
Antwerp
Belgium
51 13 N(
424E
9 ooE
80
1600
Konigsberg
Prussia
5442N
ao a6E
00
81
1600 (before)
Plymouth
England
50 a6N
4 19W
13 24R
82
1600, Sept. 26
Cape San Sebastian
Madagascar
12 42S
47 40 E
1600W
J. Lankester
Glancing over these values, it will be seen that in the sixteenth century the
needle pointed east of north over the greater part of Europe, whereas now it as per-
sistently points west, except in the eastern part. Cf, the charts of lines of equal
magnetic declination for 1500 (Fig. 4) and 1600 (Fig. 17).
Discovery of the Magnetic Inclination.
The year 1 581 is memorable as having produced the first two works treating dis-
tinctively of the earth's magnetism. The first, that of Robert Norman, entitled **The
Newe Attractive,"^ heralded to the world an entirely new fact about the magnetic
needle — '*a newe discovered secret and subtill propertie concemyng the Declinyng of
the Needle, touched therewith under the plaine of the Horizon.'* This discovery of the
dip of the needle below the horizon was made in 1576 by Norman^ a practical seamun, or
* * hydrographer^^^ as he styles himself, and an instrumefit maker. Thus the second element
of the earth's magnetismr came to light and gave another incentive for magnetic measure-
ments. In Chapter III of his quaint and exceedingly rare book he relates '*by what
meanes the rare and strange declining of the Needle, from the plaine of the horizon
was first found. ' '
**Hauing made many and diuers compaffes, and ufing alwaies to finifh and end
them before I touched the needle, I found continually, that after I had touched the
yrons with the Stone, that prefently the north point thereof would bend or Decline
downwards under the Horizon in fome quantitie: infomuch that to the Flie of the
compaffe, which before was madeequall, I was ftill conf trained to put fome fmall peece
of waxe in the South part thereof, to couuterpoife this Declining, and to make it equall
againe. x
' ' Which efiFect having many times paffed my hands without any great regard there-
unto, as ignorant of any fuch propertie in the Stone, and not before hauing heard nor
« Principal parts reproduced in facsimile in Hellmann's reprints, **Rara Magnetica," Berlin, 1898.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 3 1
read of any fuch matter: It chaunced at length that there came to my hands an
Inftrument to bee made, with a Needle of fixe inches long, which needle after I had
pollifhed, cut ofiF at Juft length, and made it to ftand levell upon the pinne, fo that
nothing refted but onely the touching of it with the stone: when I had touched the
fame, prefently the north part thereof Declined downe in fuch fort, that beeing conftrayned
to cut away fome of that part, to make it equall againe, in the end I cut it too fhort,
and fo fpoyled the needle wherein I had taken fo much paynes.
* ' Hereby beeing f troken in fome choUer, I applyed my self to feeke further into this
eflFect, and making certayne learned and expert men (my friends) acquainted in this
matter, they advifed me to frame fome Inftrument, to make fome exact tryal, how
much the needle touched with the Stone would Dedifie, or what greatef t Angle it would
make with thee plaine of the Horizon. Whereupon I made diligent proofes: the
manner whereof is fhewed in the Chapter following.''
Chapter IV next tells ' * how to finde the greatest Declining of the Needle, under
the Horizon ' ' :
' * Take a f mall Needle of Steele wier, of five or fixe inches long, the f mailer and
the finer mettall the betfer, and in the middle thereof (croffe the fame) by the beft
means you can, fixe as it were a fmall Axeltree of yron or braffe, of an inch long, or
thereabout, and make the ends thereof very fharpe, whereupon the Needle may hang
levell, and play at his pleafure.
* * Then provide a round plaine Inftrument like an Af trolobe, to be divided exactly
into 360 partes, whofe diameter muft be the length of the Needle, or thereabout, and
the fame inftrument to bee placed uppon a foot of convenient height, with a plumme
line to fette it perpendicular.
' * Then in the Center of the fame Instrument place a peece of Glaffe hollowed, and
againft the fame Center uppon fome place of Braffe that may be fixed upon the foot of
the Inftrument, fit another peece of Glaffe, in fuch forte that the fharpe eudes of the
Axeltree beeing borne in thefe two Glaffes, the Needle may play freely at his pleafure,
according to the ftanding of the Inftrument.
*' And the Needle muft be fo perfected, that it may hang upon his Axeltree both
ends levell with the Horizon, or being turned, may ftand and remaine at any place that
it fhall be fette: which being done, touch the faide Needle with the Magnes ftone, and
fet the Inftrument perpendicular by the plumme line, and turne the edge of the Inftru-
ment South and North, fo as the Needle may ftand duley according to the Variation of
the place: which Variation the Needle of his owne propertie would fhew, were it not
that he is conftrained to the contrarie by the Axletree.
''Then fhall you fee thit Declination of the North point of the touched Needle,
which for this Citie of London, I finde by exact obfervation to be about 71 degrees 50
minutes. This forme of the inftrument heere .defcribed with the manner of the decli-
nation, I have heere placed that it may be the eafier conceived."
He next proves by experiment and weighings that it is not want of balance of
needle nor the rubbing of it with the loadstone that makes this ''declining of the
needle.''
One can not but admire the painstaking and conscientious labors of Norman and
the precision with which he set out to determine the amount of "declining." It will
32
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
be noted that he explicitly states that the angle must be determined with the instru-
ment standing "duley according to the Variation of the place '* — that is, in the magnetic
meridian. It is curious, however, that he should call this the *' greatest declining,"
whereas in the plane of the magnetic meridian the declining is really the least ^ the angle
increasing as the instrument is turned away from the magnetic meridian and reaching
its maximum amount of 90° in a magnetic east and west plane. How exact his obser-
vation of 71° 50' is can not be judged in the absence of further details.
From the letter, cited on page 26, which the famous \dcar of Nuremburg, Georg
Hartmann, WTOte March 4, 1544, to
Count Albert of Prussia, it is apparent
that he had already become aware of the
dipping of the north end of the needle.
He says: ' * Besides, I find this also in the
magnet, that it not only turns from the
north and deflects to the east about 9°
more or less, as I have reported, but it
points downw'ard. This may be proved
as follows: I make a needle a finger long,
which stands horizontally on a pointed
pivot, so that it nowhere inclines toward
the earth but stands horizontal on both
sides. But as soon as I stroke one of
the ends (with the lodestone), it matters
not which end it be, then the needle
no longer stands horizontal, but points
downward some 9° more or less. The
reason why this happens I was not able
to indicate to His Royal Majesty.**
Hartmann 's letter was not published
until it was rescued from oblivion in the
third decade of the nineteenth century,
and its contents do not appear to have
been ksowni to Norman or to any of the
writers of that period. It was recently
republished in facsimile by Hellmann in
his "Rara Magnetica." Hartmann did not mount his needle in such a manner as to
show the precise amount of dip, as did Norman, but simply obser\'ed the dip of the
north end of a compass needle, mounted as ordinarily, on a pivot, so that instead of
getting about 65®, as he ought to have done, he only found 9°. As is well known the
dip of the north end of a compass is nowadays usually overcome in the northern magnetic
hemisphere by a sliding brass weight or ring on the south end. Accordingly, the principal
credit for the discovery of the magnetic dip must undoubtedly be assigned to Norman J^
It is a keen pleasure to peruse Norman's book, which was so popular that it was
Fig. 6,— First Dip Circle (Noniiaii's 1576).
alt has also been claimed that reference to the dip of the needle is made in Fortunius Affaytatus's
book, **Physicae et astronomicae," published in 1549, but this does not appear to be the case.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM.
33
republished four times (1585, 1596, 1614, and again in 1720, bound with Whiston's
treatise), and note the admirable and modest manner in which he relates his experi-
ments and discoveries, differing greatly in this respect from Gilbert, who, in his great
work (1600), vehemently abuses almost every writer on magnetism and rarely credits
anyone with the facts previously discovered.
Norman must clearly be given credit for being the first to divine that the point or
source of power which the needle respects is in the earth and not in the heavens, as had
been generally supposed before his time. He says:
"And by the Declining of the Needle, is alfo proved, that the point Refpectivey is
rather in the earth than in the Heavens, as fome have imagined; and the greateft
reafon why they fo thought (as I judge) was becaufe they never were acquaynted with
this Declining in the Needle, which doubtleffe if Martin Curtes had known, he weuld
not have judged the Attractive point to have been in th^ Heavens, or without them, but
rather in the earth. ' '
Note also this remarkable sentence: "And surely I am of opinion, that if this
Vertue could by any means be made vifible to the E^'^e of man,
it would be found in in a sphericall forme, extending rounde
about the Stone in great Compaffe, and the dead bodie of the
Stone in the middle thereof. Whose center is the center of
his aforefaid Vertue. And this I have partly prooved and
made Vifible to be scene in some manner, and God sparing
mee life, I will herein make further Experience and that not
curioufly, but in the Feare of God, as neare as he shall give
mee grace, and meane to annex the same unto a Booke of
Navigation, which I have had long in hand."
This is undoubtedly the source from which Gilbert got
his idea of the "orbs virtutis " — the circular orb of virtue
surrounding the globular lodestone. In fact, Gilbert in no way
improves on Norman' s idea but adopts it bodily. Some writers
have extravagantly asserted that Gilbert anticipated Faraday's
conception of the field of force surrounding a magnet.
Norman also proves experimentally that the attraction exerted on the magnet does
not produce motion of translation but simply that of rotation (of the compass needle
and of the dip needle).^ His figure illustrating the experiment is herewith (Fig. 7)
reproduced (half size).
« In experiments with the terrella the needle is attracted obliquely or directly toward the globe
with a very perceptible force. This is because the length of the needle is so considerable in propor-
tion to the diameter of the globe that the magnetic forces on the two ends are not equal and parallel.
But the length of the longest of mariner's compass needles is not more than about -i-^-^-i^-^jus and the
length of the largest bar magnet that has ever been suspended so as to show by its movements any
motive tendency it may experience from the force of terrestrial magnetism is not more than ^^-^-^^ -^j^js
of the Earth's diameter, and therefore magnetic needles or bar magnets experimented on in any part
of the world experience no sensible attraction toward or repulsion from the Earth and show only a
directional tendency according to which a certain line of the magnet, called its magnetic axis, takes
the direction of the curved lines of force. ('* Terrestrial magnetism and the mariner's compass," by
SirW. Thomson (Lord Kelvin) in Popular Lectures and Addresses, Vol. Ill, Navigation, pp. 228-337).
Fig. 7.
27478 — 02-
34 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
THE EARTH, A GREAT MAGNET.
Gilbert's " De Magnete.'*
The year 1600 is generally regarded as a memorable one in the histor>' of the
sciences of magnetism and electricity, for in this year appeared Dr. William Gilbert's
famous work " De Magnete,'* published at London, dedicated in his prefatory remarks
to the ' * True philosophers, ingenuous minds who not only in books but in things them-
selves look for knowledge,'* and treating in five books or sections of the properties of
magnetic bodies and of the ** great magnet, the Earth.*' It was republished in Latin
at Stettin (Sedini) in 1628 and 1633 by Wolfgang Lochmann, reprinted in 1892 in
facsimile ( photozincograph reproduction of 1600 edition) by Mayer and Miiller, of
Berlin, and translated into English for the first time by P. Fleury Mottelay," and
more recently under the auspices of the Gilbert Club.*
William Gilberd, or as more usually written Gilbert, was born in the year 1540 in
Holy Trinity Parish at Colchester, England, being the eldest of five sons of Jerome
Gilbert, at one time recorder. Matriculating at the age of 18 at St. John's College,
Cambridge, he in due course took the degree of B. A. ; he also became a Symson Fellow
in 1561, an M. A. in 1564, and during the two years following was mathematical exam-
iner of his college. He next studied medicine, reaching his doctorate and a senior
fellowship in 1569, when he terminated his eleven years' connection with the university,
after which he spent four years on the Continent.
Upon his return to London he practiced as a physician for thirty years with * * great
success and renown," and was made a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, later
censor, then treasurer, next consilarius, and finally, in 1600, president of the college.
In the same year Queen Elizabeth appointed him one of her body physicians and settled
upon him a pension to enable him to prosecute his scientific researches. After her
death Grlbert was continued in his office by James I. He died in November, 1603,
and was buried in Trinity Church, Colchester. His books, papers, and collections,
bequeathed to the Royal College of Physicians, were unfortunately destroyed in the
"great fire."
It is not known how Gilbert, a successful physician, was led to devote himself so
zealously and so unremittingly to the study of magnetism. He says ** There is naught
in these books (De Magnete) that has not been investigated and again and again done
and repeated under our eyes." Herein consists the chief value of the work — that
nearly every conclusion drawn rests on experiment made over and over again under
slightly varying conditions, for, as he says, ** stronger reasons are obtained from sure
experiments and demonstrated arguments than probable conjectures, and the opinions
« Published in 1893 by Quaritch, of London, and Wiley & Sons, of New York.
ft President of the Club, Lord Kelvin. The translation was prepared from the original edition of
1600 by a Committee of the Club formed for this purpose in 1889, which finished its labors in 1900. The
printing was undertaken in 1901 at the Chiswick Press by Messrs. C. Whittingham & Co., the edition
being unfortunately limited to 250 copies. Prof. Sylvanus P. Thompson, one of the secretaries of the
Club who took a most active part in the translation, has issued at his own expense his most valuable
and useful commentaries, entitled: " Notes on the De Magnete of Dr. William Gilbert," privately
printed, London, J901. As the Gilbert Club's translation is not yet at hand, the quotations given
above are according to Mottelay.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 35
of philosophical speculators of the common sort." It is said that he spent ^5,000 on
his experiments, ** examining very many matters taken out of the lofty mountains, of,
the depths of the seas, or deepest caverns, or hidden mines," in order to discover the
true substance of the Earth and of magnetic forces.
The De Magnete was the most complete summary of the properties of magnetic
bodies up to 1600. One reading this work alone, however, must by no means infer
that all the properties and laws set forth were discovered by Gilbert, for he very rarely
gives credit to any previous discoverer. He frequently exhibits intolerance and lack
of appreciation of the work of his predecessors, and like his experiments,, repeats his
vituperations and assertions over and over again, so that one is unconsciously led to
believe that all previous work had resulted in very little of real value.
Doubtless the fact that he thoroughly tested anew everything he had heard regard-
ing magnetic substances, and accepted nothing on faith led him to regard all as his own
and thus prevented him from giving credit where credit was rightfully due. The weak
points of others, however, he never fails to expose and ridicule.
Gilbert terms the end of the lodestone or needle which points to the north, the
south pole, and the opposite end, the north pole, for similar reasons to those already
set forth. And by reiterating over and over Gilbert would apparently desire to
convey the impression that he was the first to recognize the fact that the magnetism
residing in the north-pointing end of a magnetic needle is of an opposite kind to that
at the Earth's north magnetic pole, although this fact was clearly recognized by many
writers previously, beginning with Peregrinus in 1269. Gilbert must be simply credited
with proposing to designate, because of the fact stated, the north-seeking end of the
needle, the south pole — a proposal which, by the way, has not been accepted by modem
writers.
One can not fail, however, to recognize that Gilbert did a most useful piece of
work in so carefully scrutinizing, weighing, and summarizing in suggestive and
descriptive language all knowledge of magnetic properties. As a work on magnetism
and electricity, GilberVs De Magnete is still a standard one; as a work mi terrestrial mag-
netism, however, it was iveak even for its time^ its conchisions ayid deductions having all
been discredited with the exception of one, the truth of which he got right more by chance
than by philosophical reasoning, viz, that the ''Earth itself is a great magnet J*'
As said, Gilbert's work as a treatise on terrestrial magnetism was by no means
equal to his work on the general properties of magnetic bodies. When he came to
theorize on the ** Earth as a magnet" he forgot his own injunction to philosophers
who but dream and speculate from books, saying that they ''must be aroused and
taught the uses of things, the dealing with things; they must be made to quit the sort
of learning that comes only from books,^* and that rests only on vain arguments from
probability and upon conjectures. ' '
A.lthough he is credited as having determined a dip of 72° at London, and by
Kircher as having found the declination to be 6*^ * at London, his work contains nothing
to lead one to suppose that he obtained the declination and dip himself. He repeatedly
points out the errors of observations by others, but makes no attempt whatsoever to
"Gilbert might have added: "and mere laboratory experiments."
^In 1580 the declination at Limehouse, Loudon, was \\%^ E., and in 1600 about 10° p:.
36 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
test by actual observation at various places the deductions drawn from his terrella, or
spherical lodestone, and directly applied to the Earth. It is claimed that the chapter
on methods for finding the "variation of the compass" was written by his friend
Edward Wright, a practical navigator. His book does not even contain a systematic
collection of all observations up to his time, such as that made, for example, by
Plancius and published in Stevin's work the year before. Had Gilbert been equally as
zealous in observing the terrestrial magnetic elements as he was in his laboratory
experiments, he might have stumbled on a fact — the secular change of the magnetic
declination— which would doubtless have shaken him, to some extent at least, in his
belief that the "Earth was a great lodestone;'* for one of the fixed and necessary
postulates of his theory was the constancy of the magnetic declination at any place.
Gilbert reached his conclusion that the "Earth is a great magnet," i, e., that its
"magnetic virtue" comes from within the Earth and not from the heavens above,
solely by analogy between the Earth and a globular lodestone which he termed a
"terrella," and which he had had expressly made for his experiments to represent the
Earth on a miniature scale. The reasoning whereby he was led to the conclusion
(Book I, Chapter XVII) that the "terrestrial globe is magnetic and is a lodestone,"
upon which his frame largely rests, would not be accepted to-day, and, in fact, was not
accepted by writers after the discovery of electro-magnetism. The problem was not
definitely settled until Gauss, in 1838, attacked it analytically, with the aid of the
observations accumulated up to his time, and showed that the Earth derives its perma-
nent magnetism almost entirely from sources residing within its own crust, and not,
for example, from any system of electric currents circulating around the Earth in the
upper regions.
The recent researches of Dr. Schmidt, of Gotha, have confirmed Gauss's conclu-
sion. He finds that about 95 per cent of the Earth's magnetic force is to be referred
to causes within its crust and the remainder to electric currents either circulating
around the Earth in the upper regions or passing from the air into the earth, and ince
versa. Some of the periodic and spasmodic variations of the Earth's magnetism, such
as the diurnal variation, annual variation (not secular change), magnetic perturba-
tions, according to recent researches by Schuster, von Bezold, Schmidt, Schwalbe,
and others, would apparently have to be ascribed to electric currents in the upper
regions.
If the way the compass points at various places on the Earth constituted the
entire knowledge on the subject, it would be impossible to say whether the compass
approximately points northward because of magnetism (or electric currents) within
the Earth or external to it. There are, undoubtedly, in the Earth's crust large masses
of magnetized and magnetizable substances, as Gilbert inferred from the specimens
collected from many parts of the Earth, but modern researches would indicate that the
chief source of the Earth's magnetism is not to be referred to permanently magnetized
substances, hut doubtless to a system of electric currents embedded deep within the
interior of the Earth and connected in some manner vdth the Earth's rotation. In
order to make the compass point northward, the electric currents would have to cifcu-
late in the interior from east to west, in accordance to the well-known rule of Ampere
governing the deflection of a magnetic needle by an electric current. The compass
can be made to point north equally as well, however, by electric currents circulating
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM.
37
around the Earth in the upper regions in the contrary direction, viz, from west to
east. Therefore with the aid of the compass needle alone it could not be determined
whether the currents are inside or outside the Earth.
The dip needle will determine this. The fact that the same end of the compass
which points north likewise dips downward in the northern magnetic hemisphere
requires, as can be easily shown by appljdng Ampere's rule, that the electric currents
circulate from east to west, and hence, in accordance with the evidence furnished by
the compass and the dip needle, the currents must be in the interior of the Earth.
Now, while Gilbert had at his command a general knowledge of the pointing of
the compass needle over the regions then traversed, he only had one dip observation to
work with — that made by Norman at I/)ndon in 1576, and doubtless verified by himself.
He does not appear to appreciate that it is the salient feature of the dip needle which
reveals the fact that the *' Earth itself is a great magnet.'* The citation from
Norman's book, page — , shows that by the discovery of the dip Norman had already
inferred that the ** point respective" which the needle heeds "is rather in the Earth
than in the Heavens," and Gilbert in no wise improves upon or adds anything to
Norman's reasoning.
To Gilbert the Earth was but a great round lodestone. It had poles and an equa-
tor, just as the terrella had its magnetic poles and a natural line or magnetic equator half-
way between; it took a definite position in space, just as the terrella did with reference
to the Earth; it had its diurnal motion^ and revolution, just as the terrella had when
floated in a bowl of water and brought under the action of the Earth's force; it con-
tained in abundance the very lodestone substance which possessed this remarkable
"magnetical virtue;" it magnetized substances just as did the lodestone; it, like the
lodestone, attracted bodies to itself (Gilbert regarded gravity and magnetism as identi-
cal) ; therefore, like the lodestone, it was a magnet. All of this reasoning would equally
apply for the magnetic effects due to an outside electric field, but in Gilbert's time,
though he could distinguish between them, the mutual relationship between electric
and magnetic phenomena had not been discovered. He only knew of permanent
magnets such as are exhibited in lodestones and artificially made magnets.
According to Gilbert's theory, the Earth's magnetic poles were coincident with the
rotation poles; in fact, he regarded the cause of the Earth's rotation as due to magnetic
action. The compass, therefore, if it had not been * ' perverted ' ' in its direction by the
attracting influence of the continents, as he thought, would accordingly point true
north and south. He persistently regarded the magnetic declination, or, as he termed
it, the '* variation, " as a *'sort of perturbation and depravation of the true direction."
The Germans, in their term of '' missweisung,'' misdirection, convey a similar idea. It
never entered Gilbert's mind to consider the ** variation " as due, in whole or in part, to
noncoincidence of magnetic poles and rotation poles, for, were that true, his theory of
the Earth as a great lodestone would have fallen to the ground.
He accordingly seeks another explanation, viz, that the ''variation" is due to the
fact that the elevated and massive parts of the Earth (continents) are more strongly
magnetic, and the waters of the globe less so ; hence the needle is drawn toward
a Gilbert has the credit of being one of the earliest and most ardent advocates in England of
Copernicus's theory of the diurnal rotation of the Earth. His magnetic theory of the Earth was in
fact largely, if not entirely, advanced in order to furnish a cause for this diurnal rotation.
38 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
the continents. He ignorainiously fails, however, in this explanation, and apparently
ignores facts, undoubtedly known to him, which would have contradicted his theory.
He lays himself open hdre to the same kind of criticism which he so unsparingly
heaped upon others.
Apparently aware of the fact that the dip of the needle at London did not corre-
spond to what it ought to have been on the theory that the magnetic poles are at the
geographical poles, he speaks of a ''variation of the dip," and ascribes this to the same
cause as the "variation of the compass." Aware that in the dip the same kind of vari-
ations, though not of the same degree as in the magnetic declination , might be expected,
he nevertheless proposes a method for determining latitude by means of the dip needle.
And yet he ridicules those who had proposed to determine the longitude by means of
the magnetic declination.'*
To conclude, "while it inust be conceded that Gilbert made the first serious attempt
to correlate the magnetic phenomena of the Earth and to construct a theory, his actual
and real contributions to the subject of the Earth* s magnetism are by no means of that
brilliancy and luster which is generally supposed, and which mark his other works,
his failures being due in a large degree to his not following his own advice to philos-
ophers, "to leave their books and go out and deal with things." In the writer's esti-
mation, Norman's little work should be given a higher rank as a real and valuable
contribution to our advancement of the knowledge of the Earth's magnetism than that
part of Gilbert's book dealing with terrestrial magnetism.
THE VARIATIONS OF THE EARTH'S MAGNETISM.
«
Discovery of the Secular Change of the Magnetic Declination.
The 07ily cofitribution of great value to the science of terrestrial magnetism in the sev-
enteenth century was the discovery of the seailar change of the magnetic decAjiation by
Gellibrafid in 1634.} Hitherto it had been supposed that the magnetic declination,
though varying from place to place, was fixed and invariable at any one place, except
that "by the break up of a continent," as Gilbert put it, it might suffer a change. But
now an entirely new and most important fact came to light, showing indisputably that
«The suggestion of determining the longitude at sea by means of the magnetic declination
started with Columbus and served to stimulate the making of magnetic observations until the close of
the eighteenth century. In 1720 William Whiston, the translator of Josephus, revived Gilbert's idea
of using the dip and accordingly supplied certain mariners with dip circles. Thus some notable con-
tributions to terrestrial magnetism were obtained. The earliest dip obser\»ation in the United States is
that made at Boston in 1722 with a dip circle supplied to Capt. Othniel Beal by Whiston.
ft Some of the principal writers on magnetism and terrestrial magnetism of the seventeenth century
besides Gellibrand were: Barlowe, in whose book, Magnetical Advertisements, 1616, the word '* mag-
netism" as a noun, according to Prof. Silvanus P. Thompson, appears for the first time; Mark Ridley,
Bacon, Galileo, Nicolaus Cabaeus, whose Philosophia Magnetica, Ferrara, 1629, the first Italian treatise
on the magnet, contains an improvement of Gilbert's picture of the lines of force around a magnet;
Kepler, Athanasius Kircher (Jesuit and an opponent of the Copsrnican tlieory), who in his works col-
lected all values of the magnetic declination known to him; Descartes, Porta, von Guericke, Hooke,
and Bond, who made a special study of the subject of the secular change in the dip, using the word
''inclination" to denote the dip in place of the word " declination", which, as will be recalled, Nor-
man had employed.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 39
the earth*s magnetism suffers mighty changes in the course of time. Hence it now
became necessary to note not only the place but also the time when an obser\'ation of
the magnetic declination was made. The compass had by this time come into general
use, not only as an instrument, as Gilbert said, "beneficial, salutar\', and fortunate for
seamen, showing the way to safety and to port," but also for the purpose of running
out lines on the earth's surface (land surveys) and in mines, and for the orientation of
buildings. To retrace these lines anew at some subsequent period required a consid-
eration of the newly discovered fact. No wonder this truth was fought, disputed, and
doubted for some time.
Henry Gellibrand was a professor of mathematics at Gresham College. He made a
careful determination of the pointing of the compass on June 12, 1634, at Diepford,
or Deptford, about 3 miles southeast of London Bridge, and found 4° 6' east. Now,
Edmund Gunter, another mathematician of Gresham College, had found on June 13,
1622, 5° s6}i' east, and, as will be recalled, Borough and Norman had found in 1580,
11° 15' east. Clearly, therefore, the magnetic declination had suffered considerable
change since 1580. Gellibrand repeated his observations, next examined carefully the
obser\'ations which Borough had published, and although he found that Borough had
neglected to take into account atmospheric refraction i"!! his calculations, nevertheless
he got practically the same amount as Borough had given.
He announced his discovery in a book," now exceedingly scarce, entitled "A Dis-
course Mathematical on the Variation of the Magneticall Needle, together with its
admirable Diminution lately discovered.** Jx)ndon, 1635. He says: "Thus (hitherto
according to the Tenents of all our Magneticall Philosophers) we have supposed the vari-
ation of all particular places to continue one and the same; so that when a seaman shall
happily return to a place where formerly he found the same variation, he may hence
conclude ' he is in the same former longitude. ' For it is the Assertion of Mr. Dr. Gilbert:
Variatio uniuscujusq ; Loci constans est, that is to say the same place doth alwayes retaine
the same variation. Neither hath this Assertion (for aught I ever heard) been ques-
tioned b}'' any man. But most diligent magneticall obsrvations have plainely offered
violence to the same, and proved the contrary, namely that the variation is accompanied
with a variation. * *
He republishes the observations of 1580 and 1622, along with his own, in order to
furnish all necessary evidence, and says:
' * If any affected wnth magneticall Philosophy shall yet desire to see an experiment
made for their owne particular satisfaction, where I may prevaile, I would advise them
to pitch a faire stone parallel to the Horizon there to rest immoveably, and having a
Needle of a convenient length strongly touch* t by a vigorous Magnet to draw a Mag-
neticall Meridian thereby, and yearly to examine by the application of the same (well
preserved from the ayre and rust, its greatest enemies) whether time will produce the
like alterations.**
Most commendably and remarkably for his times, Gellibrand refrains from *' enter-
ing into a dispute [speculation] concerning the source of this sensible diminution,
whether it may be imputed to the magnet or the Earth, or both," but " must be all
« Reprinted in facsimile by Hellmann; Asher & Co. , Berlin. Hellmann used a copy loaned him by
the late Latimer Clar!^, whose excesdingly valuable libran* has come into the possession of the Amer-
ican Institute of Electrical Engineers, headquarters. New York. '
40 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
left to future times to discover, this Invention being but newly presented to the world
in its infancy.'*
The following sentence, taken from the article on the compass in such an authori-
tative work as the Encyclopaedia Britannica, ninth edition, illustrates the great confu-
sion caused by the misuse of the word "variation:**
* * The discovery of the variation of declination was made by Stephen Burrows when
voyaging between the north cape of Finmark and Vaigatch (Vay gates), and was after-
ward determined by Gellibrand, professor of geometry at Gresham College.**
In the first case the author means simply the change in the magnetic declination
with geographical position, i. e. , the geographical variation of the magnetic declination,
whereas when referring to the discover^' of Gellibrand, the slow variation taking place
with the lapse of time, viz, the secular change, is meant. The author has thus used
the word * ' variation ' ' in the same sentence with two totally different meanings, pre-
venting one thereby from getting a proper idea as to the precise facts involved.
Besides, the geographical variation of the declination had been discovered in the
century previous to that of Burrows' s time, as already stated, by Columbus.
Nearly three centuries have passed since Gellibrand's discovery was made known,
and although observations have been multiplied and some of the best minds have given
their undivided attention to this most striking fact of the Earth's magnetism, the riddle
is still unsolved. Innumerable theories have been advanced, the difficulty not being in
finding a cause, but to tell which one among the many assignable ones is the one.
While observations of declination for three centuries are at hand, those of dip are npt
so numerous and those of the intensity of the magnetic force are still more scarce,
beginning only since the third decade of the last century. Boik tJie dip and intensity
undergo secular change in the same manner as the declination. The definite solution of
this great and important problem of the Earth's physics requires a full and accurate
knowledge of the changes in the three magnetic elements named. The prospects at
present are fair that the secular change of the Earth's magnetism is to be referred,
primarily, to the effect of secondary electric currents generated within the Earth by its
rotation around an axis not coincident with its magnetic axis.
The Characteristics of the Secular Change.
The secular change has received the closest attention in the United States, largely
for practical reasons, as in all of the older States the original land surveys were referred
to compass lines. The retracing of the * * metes and bounds ' * at subsequent periods
called for a knowledge of the amount of change in the compass bearing during the
elapsed interval. To meet the demand for knowledge of this kind, C. A. Schott, who
directed the magnetic work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey for nearly a half century,
undertook a thorough and systematic collection of all known values of the magnetic
declination in the United States and vicinity, resulting in a collection as yet unequaled
in any other country.
It is a lamentable fact that such collections have not been undertaken for European
countries, where in many instances the records go back to the sixteenth century.
Knowledge of the manner and rate of progression of a particular phase of the secular
change from place to place would be materially increased thereby.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM.
41
The following table ^ exhibits how the declination has changed at various places:
Table II. — Showiiig the secular change in the magnetic declination at various places.
,^ortheni Hemisphere
1
1
1
(
\
Southern Hemisphere
1
Year
I,ond4
on
Paris
Rome
Manila
San Fran-
cisco
Baltimore
Riode
Janeiro
Ascension
Island
St. Helena
Island
Cape
Town
.
t
1540
7.2(?)E
8.2 E
10.47 E
1560
9.6(?)E
9.3 E
II. 61 E
1580
10.93
E
9.6 E
II. 41 E
1600
10.13
E
8.8 E
9.88 E
1
1620
7.26
E
6.9 E
7.29 E
1640
3.27
E
4.42E
3.86 E
5.3 w
1660 0. 59
W
0.86E
0.01 W
6.0 w
1680
3.89
W
3. 47 W
4.01 W
6.1 W
1700
7.08
W
7.99\V
7.77 w
5.5 w
1720
10.97
W
12. 27 W
11.02 W
4.5 w
1740
15.30
W
15. 83 w
13. 63 w
3.2 w
1760
19-57
W
18. 76 W
15.51 w
I.95W
8.6
E
8.4W
11.70 w
20. 5 W
1780
22.65
w
20. 87 w
16. 64 w
12.6 E
I.03W
7.2
E
II.6 W
14. 59 W
23. 2 w
1800
24.07
w
22. 12 W
17.06 w
0. 08E
13.6 E
.0.66W
5.5
E
14. W
17.51 w
25. 4 W
1820 I24. 09
w
22. 40 W
16. 77 W
0. 14 E
14.6 E
;o. 93 W
3.6
E
16. 4 w
20. 01 W
27. 2 w
1840 ;23. 22
w
21. 38 W
15.84 w
0. 27E
15. 43 E
I. 77 W
1.2
E
18.8 W
22. 00 w
28. 8 W
i860 i2I. 55
w
19- 54 W
14. 23 w
0.45H
16. II E
I2.99W
1.4
W
21. 4 W
23. 41 w
29. 7 W
1880 I18.73
w
16. 76 W
11.77 w
0.69E
16. 57 E
4. 30 W
4.3
W
22. 9 w
24. II w
29. 6 W
1890 17.57
w
15. 16 W
10.57 W
0. 83E
16. 64 E
i4.89W
6.1
w
23. oW
24, 21 W
29. 2 w
1900
16.5
w
14.6 W
0.97E
16.7 E
5.40 W
8.0
1
w
This table shows that at London, for example, the pointing of the needle was east
of north in the middle of the sixteenth century, reaching a maximum of ii°or.iiJ^°
about 1580. After that it began to diminish until about 1658, the year of Cromwell's
death, when the needle stood truly north and south. The needle next began to point
westward by an ever-increasing amount until about 18 12* when it appeared to almost
stand still for several years at a value of somewhat over 24°. Thereafter the westerly
declination began to diminish until it is now about 16°. Consequently between 1580
and 18 12, in an interval of 232 years, the compass direction at London changed from
11° east to 24° west, in all 35°. The direction of a street a mile long, laid out in London
in 1580 in the direction pointed out by the compass would be seven-tenths of a mile too far
to the east at the north terminus according to the compass direction of 181 2!
For Paris and Rome similar changes to those at London are found. At Paris the
maximum easterly declination of 9° 36' was reached near the year 1580, and the max-
imum westerly declination of 22° 36' in about 1809, the needle pointing due north in
1664. At Rome the declination of the needle reached its maximum amount east, 11*^
36', in 1570, approximately, and its maximum amount west, 17® 06', in about 18 10,
coinciding with the true meridian in 1660. At Manila, Philippine Islands, the needle
changed from 05' east in 1800 to 53' east in 1901, and at San Francisco, Cal., from
12° 36' east in 1780 to 16*^ 48' east at the present time. At Baltimore, between 1640
and the present time the needle bore west all the time and did not at any time point due
«This table and the accompanying subsequent remarks are extracted from the writer's "First
report on magnetic work in Maryland," Maryland Geological Survey Report, Vol. I, 1897.
42 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
north or east of north as surveyors frequently assumed to be the case for this part of
Maryland. The figures show that at Baltimore the compass needle pointed about 6° 06'
west in 1670 and that in about 1802 it pointed the least amount west, namely, 39';
hence, in an interval of 132 j-ears, the needle changed its direction by 5° 27'. A street
a mile long laid out in Baltimore in i6jo so as to ru7i iji the eompass direction would have
m
its north terminus §04. feet, or about one-tenth of a mile, too far to the west i?i 1802, This
is a fact especially interesting, because in some of the old towns of the thirteen original
States, as for example in Maryland, the streets were laid out bj- the compass, or prom-
inent public buildings, such as court-houses, were erected so that the front face would
run parallel to a cardinal direction as given by the compass. Thus, w^hile establishing
a meridian line for the use of surveyors at Chestertown, the county seat of Kent
County, Md., it was found that High street, the main street, ran ver}' nearly mag-
netically northwest and southeast. Assuming that the street was originally laid
out with the compass so as to run northwest and southeast, and knowing from the data
at Baltimore and some other stations that the needle bore the same amount west in the
early part of the eighteenth century that it does at present, the conclusion to be drawn
was that the town of Chestertown was laid out in the early part of the eighteenth
century. Upon looking up the records, the assumptions made and the conclusions
drawn were verified. The town was laid out in 1702 and the streets were run with
the compass northwest and southeast, and at right angles thereto. So, also, by deter-
mining the astronomical directions of the streets in the old town of Oxford, Md., which
had been laid out by the compass in the first decade of the eighteenth century, an
approximate knowledge of the magnetic declination at that time was ascertained.
The table likewise gives the change in the compass direction at some stations in the
Southern Hemisphere. One fact at once noticeable from this table is, that during a
given ijiter-oal of time the compass direction changes not only by different amounts in
differait parts of the Earth, buty likewise ^ the changes ocair in some parts in opposite
directions. For example, compare the changes which have occurred between 1800 and
1890 at the various stations.
Place.
London
North end of compass needle
veered between iSlo and 1890.
6° 30'' to the east.
Paris
6
58
tt
Rome
6
29
<i
Manila
45
< <
San Francisco
3
02
ii
Baltimore
4
14
west.
Rio (ie Janeiro
II
36
i(
Ascension Island
9
00
Ii
St. Helena Island
6
42
(t
Cape Town
3
4S
i(
The compass needle, accordingly, while swinging to the eastward ^X. London between
1800 and the present time was swinging in the opposite direction, westward, at Baltimore
during the same inter\'al of time, the amount of swing not being the same at the two
stations.
Another striking fact disclosed by looking over the figures for any one station, for
example, Baltimore, is that at the same station the change per year is not a constant quan-
tity, as frequejitly assumed by the stirveyor. The annual '^li-Tge for this particular station
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 43
may vary all the way from zero to four minutes. At the times of maximum or minimum
values of the declination the annual change is practically zero for about five years on
either side of these epochs. The annual change then begins to increase until about
midway between the epochs of maximum and minimum values, for example, about 1730
or about 1870, when it reaches its maximum value of about four minutes; it then dimin-
ishes again.
The secular motion of the compass needle may be likened to the swinging of, a
pendulum. At the extreme positions of the pendulum, on either side of the position it
would occupy if at rest, the velocity with which the bob moves in its orbital path van-
ishes. As the pendulum moves toward its mean position from the right, it does so at a
constantly accelerating pace until it reaches the mean position midway between the two
extreme positions. Here the velocity' is a maximum, and as the pendulum swings past
the mean position it begins to slacken its pace until reaching the extreme position on
the left, when the velocity of motion again vanishes.
At no station has as yet a complete swing — for example, from right to left and back
again from left to right — l^een observed. At some stations, however, a little over half a
swing has been obtained. A comparison of the time interval between the two extreme
positions, i. e., half a swing, at various stations shows another remarkable fact, that the
time intervals between the extreme positions of the needle are of differerit lengths in differ-
ent parts of the Earth, To illustrate: At London, Paris, and Rome the time interval
between dates of extreme positions of the needle is about two hundred and thirty to
two hundred and fort)* years, while for stations in the Eastern States of this country is
on the average about one hundred and fifty years.
Taking into consideration all the facts at present known with regard to the secular
change, it is found that it is not possible to explain all those facts on the assumption
that there is a secular change period common to all parts of the Earth of about three
hundred to five hundred years in length. The indications are that for a common secular
change period a much longer period is required. But if this is so, it means that the
secular change is a far more complicated matter than generally supposed. Besides
the main swing as described above, there are a number of minor swings whose periods
are not as yet definitely known. These minor swings have the effect of slightly altering
the annual change due to the main secular change.
Fig. 8 illustrates graphically the change in the magnetic declination for various
points in the Northern Hemisphere, such stations having been selected as would
be typical of the regions represented by them. It will be seen that the stations encircle
the globe. This one diagram exhibits at a glance all the characteristic features
of the secular change of the magnetic declination in the Northern Hemisphere as
at present known. With the aid of Table 11 the meaning of the curves will be readily
understood. Thus, for example, selecting the date 1800 and running the eye along
the horizontal line marked 1800 until it intersects the London curve, and casting the
eye upward from this point of intersection along the vertical line, it is found that
the declination of the needle was a trifle over 24° west. For Paris the observations
known up to the present time have been indicated by dots. It will be seen that the
cur\'e, which is due to Schott, represents the existing data satisfactorily. In the case
of Fayal Island it will be noticed that prior to 1600 two curves, one in full and the
other broken, are given; the broken curve represents a repetition of the same law which
governed the secular change at this station between 1600 and present date, while the
44
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1802.
full curve has been drawn to harmonize with the observations back to the time of
Columbus. It will be seen that there is a marked difference between the two curves
for the date 1500. A similar state of things is revealed at Rome, the broken curve
again representing the law from 15 10 to present date, while the full curve represents
the observations which can be obtained with the aid of the early ' * compass charts * ' of
the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. The departure between the broken curve and
the full one amounts to about 17° for the year 1400! Similar indications exist at other
stations of a change in the law of the secular change prior to 1600.
The special purpose of the diagram has been to show the mutual relationship
Fig. 8. — Comx>arison of the secular change curves of the magnetic declination at various stations in the Northern
Hemisphere.
between the secular change curves over the Earth. Each station bears a somewhat
different testimony of the phenomenon under consideration, and it is only by consider-
ing the collective evidence that one can hope to make headway and be enabled to say
what probably transpired at anj^ one station prior to the records or what is likely to
occur at this station in the future. By following the cur\^es systematically around the
globe it is quite possible to construct a composite curve, with the aid of which a clearer
conception of this most perplexing phenomenon can be obtained.
However, as already stated, M^ /aws actually governing the secular change can not
be discovered by simply considering the changes in the magnetic decliyiation alone. One can
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM.
45
hope to make progress only by studying the phenomenon in its entirety; that is to say, if
a magnetized needle is taken and suspended at its center of gravity in such a way that
it is free to turn in any direction whatsoever, to the left or to the right, up or down,
then under the influence of the Earth's magnetism the north end of the needle, while
still pointing approximately toward the north, also points downward and the south end
upward. The actual direction assumed by the needle lies somewhere between a true
vertical line and a true horizontal line, nearer to the former than to the latter in the
latitudes under consideration. This is the direction in which the Earth's magnetic force
acts. On the compass needle only the horizontal component of the force has an effect, as
the vertical component is counteracted by adding an additional weight to the south arm
of the needle, generally a bit of brass wire. The changes that are taking place in the
Fig. 9. — Curves showing secular change in magnetic declination and dip at London Boston, and Baltimore.
true direction of the Earth's magnetic force and in its magnitude constitute the real facts
to be studied.
It is an interesting problem to inquire: How does the north end of the freely
suspended magnetic needle move with the lapse of time, if the motion is observed from
the point of suspension of the needle? Does it move clockwise or anticlockwise?
Would needles similarly suspended in all parts of the Earth move in the same direction?
What is the nature of the curve described in space by the north end ? These are some
of the fascinating questions which can be asked from this point of view.
It has been found by the writer that over the greater portion of the Earth the north
end of a freely suspended magnetic needle during the past two or three centuries has been
moving in a clockwise direction. In the Pacific Ocean and along the western coast of the
United States evidence exists of small irregularities in the general law of motion as
46 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 190a.
explained above. Some of the stations in this region exhibit small anticlockwise motions.
A'o station has thus far been found where the rez'erse motion has prevailed for any such length
of time, as has been the case tvith the direct motion.
Fig. 9 exhibits the curves resulting in the manner described above for London,
Boston, and Baltimore.
Fig. 10 has been constructed in a similar manner. The outside curve exhibits the
changes in magnetic declination and dip encountered were one to make a complete
DECU NATION
Fin. la — Comparison of curve showing change in magillUc declinalLon and dip along pirallcl of latlludf 41^ N. in iSBs
circuit of the Earth in an eastwardly direction along the parallel of latitude 40" north.
The data have been scaled from Neumayer's isogonic and isoclinic charts for 1S85, con-
tained in his excellent atlas. Thus in zero longitude, counting from Greenwich, a
freely suspended magnetic needle pointed in 1885 15^° west and its dip was 58°; in
20° east longitude, these quantities were respectively 8° west and 54°. 7, etc. It will'
be noticed that the curve goes throughout — even for the loop described when crossing
Asia — in the same direction as that of the hands of a watch, just as in the case of the
secular motion cnr\'es shown in fig. 9 and the one of Rome given in the present figure.
Rome is situated not far from latitude 40° north, its latitude being 41°. 9 north. The
general character of the two curves is seen to be very similar. It has been shown in
other ways besides this one that many of the laws underlying the momentary distribu-
tion of the Earth's magnetism and the secular change are alike.
The circuit of the Earth in the above case was made to the eastward because the
secular variation curves appear to develop themselves more and more as we go around the
Earth east ward ly."
' n See Physical Review. Vol. II, pp. 4S5-465. and Vol. Ill, pp. 34-48.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH^S MAGNETISM.
47
Diurnal Variation.
In the year 1682, in the city of Louveau, Siam, it is related that Pater Guy Tachart,
in the presence of the King, found that the magnetic declination on one day was 0° 16'
west; on the following day, 0° 31'; on the third day, 0° 35'; on the fourth, 0° 38', and
repeating the observations after the lapse of a few days the values found on three suc-
cessive days were 0° 28', 0° 33', and 0° 21'. The observations were doubtless made on
these various days at diflFerent times of the day, so that part of the differences in the
results obtained are possibly to be ascribed to the next remarkable fact regarding the
'* constant inconstancies" of the Earth's magnetism, the so-called diurnal variation, by
which the needle is made to change its direction, from hour to hour, throughout the day.
The credit of the discover>' of the diurnal variation must properly be given to
Graham, a London mechanician and clock maker, who from many hundred observations
of the declination of the magnetic needle at various times of the day made in 1722 a
definite announcement of the existence of this variation." Graham's discovery was
later verified and amplified by Prof. Andr. Celsius in Upsala, who had a compass made
expressly for this purpose by the instrument maker, Sisson, of London, under Graham's
supervision, and by a host of other investigators.
Table III. — The diurnal variatioji of the magnetic declination at Baldwin, Ka7is.,for
each month of the year igoi.
Hour
Jan.
-0.4
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
-rO. I
July
40.3
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
I a. m.
—0. 2
-r-o.3
-^0.5 ,
40.3
-t-o. I
0.0
-0. I
-0. I
- -0. I
2
o.%
—0. 2
-0.2
40.6
-0.5
-hO. 2
40.3
—0. 2
0.0
—0. I
—0. 2
—0. 2
3
—0.2
0.0
^0. 2
-1-0.5
^0. 6
^0.4
-»-o. 4
40. I
-0.3
40. 2
—0. I
—0. 2
4
-0.1
-1-0. 2
-0.4
+0.8
-ro. 8
-0.8
40.8
-0.3
40.8
-ro. 2
0.0
0.0
5
-0.5
fo.4
^ 0.4
-ro. 9
-1.4
-1.4
-ri.4
-M. 2
-hi. I
40.4
4o. 2
—0. 2
6
0.3
-f-0.3
-f-0.8
-hi.6
—2. 2
42.4
42.4
42.7
42.3
40.8
40.3
—0. 2
7
0.0
+0.9
-1.9
+2.7
--3. I
- 3. 5
-^3-6
-^4.2
-^4.0
42.0
^1.2
--O.3
8
-rO.6
4-1.5
-t-2. 5
+8.6
-8.8
48.7
-4.0
-4.4
+3.6
^2.6
-r2.
-0.4
9
-1.5
+2.2
-2.7
-■H2.8
-r2.8
-r3-2
^3.4
-r3.3
42.4
-f2.4
^2.0
-hi. 2
10
-2.0
-^1.3
-^1.8
— I. I
— 1.0
-^ 1.0
40.9
"^0.3
0.0
41.0
41.0
41.4
II
^r. I
-ho. I
- 0. 2
—0.8
— I. I
— I. 2
-1.7
—2. 2
— 2. 2
-0.8
—0. 6
-^0.6
Noon
—0. 4
— I. 2
—2.0
—2. I
-2.4
-2.6
3.2
-3.7
-3.6
— 2. 2
1.7
0.7
I p.m.
1-3
1.8
-3.0
-3.1
-3.4
-3.5
—4.0
-4.8
—8.8
-2.6
-2.1
1.5
2
-1.6
-2.0
-8.0
-8.6
-8.7
-8.7
4.1
4. T
-3.0
— 2. I
1.8
- 1.6
3
-1.4
1.6
2.5
3-0
2.8
~^-2
3.1
3.0
1.5
-1.4
-I. I
- 1-3
4
— I. I
0.9
1.5
—2.0
-1.8
-1.8
1.9
1.3
—0.4
0.7
0.5
-0.7
5
-0-3
03
0.5
— I.O
0.8
—0.6
-0.7
0.0
40.1
—0.4
—0. I
40. I
6
-^0. 2
0.0
—0. I
-0.3
—0. I
—0. 1
-^0. 2
-ro.5
—0. 2
-0. 2
ro. I
-fo.4
7
-fo.5
-j-o. 2
—0. 1
0.
-0. 2
0.
40. 2
-ho. 2
—0. I
-f-o. 2
40.4
-*-o.5
8
4-0.6
+0.4
-0. I
0.0
—0. I
0.0
-I- 0. 2
4o. I
-t-o. 2
40. 2
-fo.4
40.6
9
-TO. 6
-fo.5
-fo.4
0.0
—0. I
0.0
4o. 2
40. 2
40.4
40.3
40.4
40.6
10
-^0.5
-f-o. 2
-fo.5
-f 0. 2
0.0
—0. 1
H-O, 2
40.3
0.0
—0. 2
40. I
40.4
II
-TO. 4
-+-0. 2
40.4
-hO. 2
-f 0. I
0.0
40. 2
-^0.3
0.0
^0. 2
-f-o. I
40. 2
Mid't
-5-O.I
0.0
-fo.3
-fo.6
-f-o. 2
7.0
—0. 1
-ro. I
^0.3
-0.3
7.8
0.0
0.0
-0. I
Range
3-6
4-2
5.7
7.0
1
7.4
8.1
8.7
5.1
4.1
3-0
«See ** Philosophical Transactions," London, 1724.
48
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR igoa.
^
^>5>l
"»H O^'r-i
-N
»
1
M
CO
JL
c«
7
CI
f
M
f
c<
o
d
Ci
iH
fifi
*
i
c>
t^
V
•k
\
IT*
V,
A
CO
^
^
^■r
y
'A
m
1
^
o<
L
■4
V
1
^.
1
\
1
2
1
I
/
f
1
/
>
g
/
/
7^
/
rt
/
y
2
X
/
X'
^'
(
>
y
1
O
;?^
\
00
J
\
L
T
1
\
I
t^
V
)
'
\
L,
CO
S
^-
10
^i
<f
1
^
\
CO
N
•
^
«
1-4
CM
1
a
'5
C3
c
.0
c
c
bo
s
o
mm
o
•n
>
C0
E
s
•o
u
c
*5
o
«
g
e
be
*5
Table III shows how the compass needle
changed its direction from hour to hour (local
mean time) for each month of the year 1901 at
Baldwin, Kans. , where the Coast and Geodetic
Survey has a magnetic obsen'atory in which are
mounted delicate instruments registering con-
tinuously, day and night, automatically, by
photographic means, the minutest variations in
the Earth's magnetism.
At that place the magnetic needle points
about 8°. 4 east of north. A plus sign in the
table means a deflection of the needle toward
the east of the average direction for the entire
day (twenty-four hours), and a minus sign a
deflection toward the west. Thus in August,
for example, at 8 a. m. the average easterly
pointing of the needle was increased by 4'. 4; it
then began to diminish until the average value
was reached a little after 10 a. m., indicated by
the change of sign of the tabular quantities;
after passing this point it still continued to
diminish until reaching its lowest value at about
'i p. m., when the easterly declination had its
least value, being 4'. 3 less than its average value,
or about 9' less than its maximum value in the
morning. Next it increased until again reach-
ing its average value about 5 p. m. , after which
it remained nearly stationary, except for minute
fluctuations throughout the night, until about
sunrise, when it rapidly began to ris^ to its
maximum value.
Examining the figiu"es for a winter month,
e. g. , December, it will be seen that the fluctua-
tions are not so large as during the summer;
where before the difference between maximum
and minimum was about 9', it is now one-third
of this amount, viz, 3'. On the diagram, Fig. 1 1 ,
the diurnal variation of the magnetic declina-
tion for the two months, August and December,
has been graphically- represented.
Two lines, each a mile long, one run in the
direction indicated by the compass early in the
morning and the other early in the afternoon,
both starting at the same point, diverge at their
extremities in midsummer bj' 10-15 ^^^^' ^^^
morning line being to the east of the afternoon
one; in midwinter the divergence w^ould be about
one-third of this amount. It will thus be seen
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM.
49
that the diurnal variation is of sufEicient importance to be taken into account in
accurate land surveys.
In Germany mine survejnng has become such an art that some of the principal mines
maintain small magnetic observatories, where the declination is recorded continuously
throughout the day by photographic means. The mine surveyor then uses the value
of the declination to the nearest minute prevailing at the time of day when he is running
his line.
Where the needle points west of north, the times of maximum and minimum value
of the magnetic declination will be reversed from what they are at Baldwin, the minimum
occurring in the morning and the maximum in the afternoon. Of the two lines a mile
long, considered above, the morning line will, however, again be east of the afternoon
line.
The times when the declination reaches its extreme values, or when it reaches its
average value, as is evident from Table III, are subject to fluctuations in the course of
the year, being retarded during the months when the sun is south of the equator.
These changes, which undergo a complete cycle in the course of one year, likewise
manifest themselves in the magnitude of the diurnal range, approximately shown by the
figures given in the bottom line of the table.
The approximate local mean time when the average declination is reached, in the
United States is, on the average for the year, at about 10:30 a. m., and again about
about 6 p. m. (See next table.)
The following comparative table, No. IV, of the diurnal variation was prepared by
Schott" in order "to exhibit the changes which the total solar-diurnal variation under-
goes with a change of geographical position within the region of North America. * '
The series of observations which he admitted * ' extend over one or more years, and in
no instance have any so-called disturbances been excluded. " " The year or years of
each series is added to admit of a correction for position in the sun-spot period. * *
The particulars for each station are as follows:
Name
Key West, Fla.
Los Angt:les, Cal.
Washington, D. C.
Philadelphia, Pa.
Madison, Wis.
Toronto, Canada
Sitka, Alaska
Uglaamie, Point Barrow
Plover Point, Point Barrow
Fort Rae, Great Slave Lake
Kingua Fjord, Cumberland
Sound
Fort Conger, Grinnell Land
Uititude
/
24 33. I
34 03.0
38 53. 6
39 53. 4
43 04.5
43 39- 4
57
02.9
71
17.7
71
62
66
21.4
38.9
35.7
81
44.0
I^ongitude
W. of Gr.
8r 48.5
118 15.4
77 00.6
75 10.2
89 24. 2
79 23.5
135 19- 7
156 39- 8
156 16. 1
115 13.8
67 19.2
64 43.8
Diurnal
Magnetic
Dip
Range of
Declina-
tion
'
/
54 32
4.7
59 30
5.8
71 19
7-5
71 58
7.8
73 56
6.7
75 15
8.8
75 55
10.6
81 24
40.1
81 36
38.6
82 54
41.4
83 51
43.7
85 01
98.8
Bztcnt of series
Mar., i860, to Mar., 1866, exclusive
Oct., 1882, to Oct., 1889, exclusive
July, 1840, to June, 1842, inclusive
Jan., 1840, to June, 1845, inclusive
Mar., 1877, to Mar., 1878, exclusive
July, 1842, to June, 1848, inclusive
Irregular series, 1848 to 1862
Sept. , 1882, to Aug. , 1883, inclusive
17 months, 1852-1854
Oct., 1882, to Sept., 1883, inclusive
Do.
Sept., 1881, to Aug., 1882, inclusive
o See Appendix No. 9, Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1890, pp. 261-264.
27478 — 02 4
50
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table IV. — Total solar-diurnal variation of the magnetic dedination, on the yearly
average, at prominent places in North America.
[A + sign indicates a deflection of the north-seeking end of the magnet toward the east^ a — sign the contrary direction.]
West,
i
X,
ft B
a
a
0'-
1
Rae,
Slave
ingua
Cum-
Sound
11
Average values,
stations I to 6,
inclusive
Local mean
time.
ce
.5u
•
1*5
•••
1
•0
ee
•
en
•
<
U 1 b&
II
us 1
.4
/
/
1 /
f t t
/ • /
t
'
/
I a. m.
-fo.
-ho.o
-fo.7' -fo.6
+0. 1 +0. 6
+0.2
— 12.8— 8.0— II.
+11. 7 +43. 2
+0.35
2 a. m.
—0.0
-t-O. I
■fo.7, +0.5
0.0; -fo.5
+ 1.0
— 4.9— 1.9— 6.6
+15.8
+45.1
+0. 05
3 a. m.
-fo. I
-fo. 2
-f-0.9
-fo.6
+0.2
-ho. 8
+ 1.4
+ 3.3
+ 3.64- 0.81+18.0
+41.2
+0.07
4 a. m.
-i-0.2
+0.3
-fl.2
+ 1.0
+0.5
-fl.2 -r2.o
+ 6.2
-hio.94- 7.4
+ 19. 1
-^25.7
+0.75
5 a. m.
-fo.4
-fo.6
+ 1.7 +1.5
-f I.O
-fi.8 -f2.9
+ 14.3
+ 16.64-13.6
+19-3
+31.6
+ I.I9
6 a. m.
-fi.o
-I-I.3
-f 2. I -f2. I
+ 1.4
+2.7 -r4.2
+21.6
+ 19.3
+21.0
+20.1
+ 19.7
+ 1.79
7 a. m.
+2.1
-r2.4
+ 2.8
-^3-3
+2.6
-r3-5 +5.3
+26.1
+27.1
+26.2
+19.9+26.6
+ 2.80
8 a. m.
-I-2.6
+8.1
-r3.2
-^8.5
+8.2
-f8.8 4-6.0
4-26.7
4-27.0
+29.4
+ 17.4+18.7!
+8.24
9 a. m.
-}-2.2
-f2.6
+2.3 +2.8
+3.0
+3-0
+5.3
4-26.1
-^19.9
+25.5
+ 10.8
+ 1.2
+2.67
10 a. m.
+ I.I
-fi.i
-ro.9 -ro. 8
+ 1.7
-0.8
-^3.0
+ 9.9
-^ 9.3
+ 16.8
+ 3.7
— 12.7
+ 1.09
II a. m.
—0.2
0.8
— 1. 31 —1.6
0.7
—2.0
+0.6
+ 1.4
0.4
+ 8.0
+ 1.3
-21.4,
— 1.08
Noon
— 1.4
—2.2
3.2 3.4
2.5
-4.2
— 2.1
5.9
— 8. 2 — 0. 9
9.0
40.7
—2.80
I p. m.
— 2. I
-2.7
-4.8
-4.8
3.5
—5.0
-3.2
- 7.3
—10.7 — 4.0
—15. 1
—45-6
-8.68
2 p. m.
-2.2
-2.6
-4.8
-4.1
-8.5
-4.8
-4.2
- 7.7
— 9.8,- 8.1
—21.2
-49. 2,
3.56
3 p. m.
1.9
-2.0
-3.5
3.1
-2.6
-3.8
-4.6
7.3
- 9.9'
10.6
—20.4
-45.8'
—2.80
4 p. ni.
1.3
— I. I
2.5 2.2
1.6
-2.5
~4.6
- 9.1
- 9.8
n.3
—20.6
-68.7;
-1.85
5P- m.
-0.8
0.5
--1.5 — l.o
-0.7
-1.3 -3.8
9.9
— 10. 2i — 12. I
-28.6
--23. 7,
-0-95
6 p. m.
-0.4
—0.2
—0.8
-0.4
—0.2
0. 3 3. 2
- 9.9
9.7 12.9
-19.4-17-3
—0.36
7 p. m.
—0.2
—0.0
0.0
-fo.o
+0.2
4-0.2' —2.4
- 8.4
— 8.4—12.5
— 16. 1—27. 2
+0.05
8 p. in.
-f 0. 1
-fo. I
+0.6
-ro.8
' -^-0.2
4-0.7 — 1.4I— 6.0
— 9.0,-11.0
-15.5- 3-5i;+o.44
9 p. ni.
4-0. 2
-fo.i
4-1.0; +0.6
-ro.6
+ 1.2
—0.8— 8.1
— 7.5— I2.cJ
- 8.84- 3.5 -ro.64
10 p. m.
4-0.2
+0.1
-f I. II -f 1.2
+0.7
+ 1.3
-0.4
— 10.9
7.9 ".9
— 0.64-22.4 -ro. 79
II p. m.
-ro. 2
+0. 1
+ 1.1 +0.7
—0.2
4-1.2 -0.6
9.1
—11.5 —II. 9
-h 3-9+300 +o-^
Midnight
+0.1
-f-0.0
+ 1.0
+0.6
-j-o. I
4-0.8
-0.6
-18.4
-10.8—12.0
+ 9.2
+32.6
-0.45
Range
4.7
5.8
7.5
7.8
6.7
8.8
10.6
40. 1
38.6
41.4
43.7
98.8
6.9
Schott's deductions from this table are:
** A perusal of the tabular values for the localities marked i to 6, and which repre-
sent all that part of the United States and Canada which lies south of the forty-ninth
parallel, shows a very close accord of the diurnal variation, having an average maximum
easterly deflection of 3'. 2 at about 7*^.9 in the morning and an average maximum west-
erly deflection of 3' .6 at about i*'.4 in the afternoon, although the dip varies 20^®
between these geographical limits. At Sitka the range reaches already 10'. 6 and
beyond, with a dip of 80° and more, the diurnal range rapidly rises, attaining i*' 40'
nearly at Fort Conger. At the higher (magnetic) latitude stations there is a tendency
to shift the morning extreme to an earlier hour and the afternoon opposite extreme to
a later hour than the corresponding times just cited. A remarkable feature in the
diurnal variation (yearly average) is' the close correspondence in the local times when
the needle passes the average magnetic meridian (tabular values passing from + to —
sign); these times are:
For Key West
Los Angeles
Washington
Philadelphia
Madison
Toronto
h
m
10
51
10
35
10
25
10
20
10
43
10
17
Average
10 32
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM.
51
**This time is subject to an annual inequality which at Los Angeles in the summer
months displaces it to about 10^ 00™, and in the winter months to about ii"* 30""."
The diurnal range of the magnetic declination as is seen in Table IV, increases
with an approach to the magnetic pole and decreases toward the magnetic equator.
If </ represents the diurnal range, /, the dip and ^, the ** magnetic*' latitude as found
from the formula tan ffi=% tan /, then the following formula:
</=2'.58 sec' ^
will give a fair representation of the law according to which the diurnal range varies
with magnetic latitude or dip.
The diurnal range increases with an approach toward the magnetic pole because
the horizontal component of the magnetic force, which holds the compass needle in place,
diminishes with a movement in this direction, whereas the deflecting forces which cause
the diurnal variation increase, and thus their effect increases with increase of magnitude
latitude. The only force acting on the compass needle at the magnetic pole is that due
to the diurnal variation, and to magnetic perturbations, so that, if the needle were sus-
pended with sufficient delicacy it might pass back and forth through all points of the
compass in the course of the day.
The average value, for the year, of the diurnal range is subject to a mysterious
fluctuation, being greater in years of maximum frequency of sun spots, and less in
times of minimum frequency or minimum solar activity as exhibited by sun spots. The
next table, V, shows this. The numbers in column -^, due to Wolf, represent the vari-
ation for the years given in the sun-spot frequency. Thus in the year 1843, a minimum
sun-.spot year, it is found that the range of declination at Philadelphia reached its
smallest value. The period 1883-1884 was a maximum sun-spot year, and it is seen
that the range at Los Angeles reached its maximum value during this time.
Table V. — Showing how the diurnal range of the magnetic declination varies during the
su7i'Spoi period — {about 11 yeafs).
Philadelphia
Year
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
R
Diurnal range ! R^JV*''*' *"°"
of declination ^uSS^^
91
8.1
7.8
7.5
7.5
8.5
61.8
38.5
23.0
18.1
19-3
38.3
Los Angeles
Year
(Oct. to Oct.)
1882-83
1883-84
1884-85
1885-86
1886-87
1887-88
1888-89
-rki...-«ai ..a«»-^ Relative sun-
6.5
7.1
6.9
5.8
5.4
5-4
5.1
60. 7
68.2
53.7
32.4
14.3
7-3
7.4
52 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
According to the researches of two Russians, Leyst and Passalskij, the diurnal
variation is different over locally disturbed areas, e. g. , in regions of iron mines, from
what it would be if the disturbances did not exist. Hence in such regions, the con-
tinuous records of distant magnetic observatories can not be utilized for referring the
magnetic elements to the mean value for the day, or to some other period of time, but,
special observations for this purpose must be made in the disturbed locality. Whether
the secular change is likewise diflFerent over locally disturbed regions from what it
would be if the local disturbance were not present, is not yet known.
Just as the declination suffers change from hour to hour throughout the day, so
likewise are the other elements of the Earth's magnetism, the dip and the intensity,
affected.
The diurnal variation, as has been shown, progresses according to the hours of
local mean time, or, in other words, is connected in some manner with the Earth's rota-
tion whereby different parts of its surface are exposed to the action of the Sun's rays,
and it may be presumed, therefore, that the Sun plays a prominent part in causing the
daily variation in the Earth's magnetic state. The precise manner in which the Sun
brings about this variation has not yet been satisfactorily explained in spite ' of the
researches of the most eminent investigators. The most commonly accepted opinion is
that the diurnal variation is due to a peculiar system of electric currents in the upper
regions of the atmosphere, the precise way in which their existence is brought about
not being, however, as yet clear. ^
The diurnal variation furnishes the first evidence that the Earth's magnetism is in
close touch with outside influences and responds in a most mysterious and sympathetic
manner with changes ever going on in the upper regions. The facts related in the
following pages give further evidence on this subject.
Annual Variation.
If the monthly values of the magnetic declination be corrected for the secular
change in the course of the year, they exhibit a slight variation, having the year as
the period, known as the annual variation of the magnetic dedijiation. This is not to
be confounded wnth the annual change of the declination, which means the change in
one year due to the secular variation. The latter is a progressive change, so that the
needle at the end of the year does not point the same way that it did at the beginning,
while the annual variation is a cyclical change, that is, as far as the annual variation is
concerned, the needle returns to the same position virtually at the end of the year that
it had at the beginning. The next table shows how minute a quantity this annual
variation is, and that it can be neglected for all practical purposes.
"The reader who is interested in the latest theoretical developments might be referred to Schuster's
paper in Phil. Trans. R. S., Part A, 1889; von Bezold's papers, Berlin Academy of Sciences, 1897, and
Nippoldt's papers, Terrestrial Magnetism, Vol. VII. A summary of Schuster's and von Bezold's
researches will be found in Gray's Magnetism and Electricity, Vol. I, 1898.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM.
53
Table VI. — Annual variation of the magnetic declination at several places in the northern
magnetic hemisphere,^
[A + sig^ denotes a deflection of the north end of the magnet to the eastward^ a — sign, the contrary direction.]
Month
a™?— ; Key West,
Angeles, | ^^^
Washing-
ton, D. C.
i84(>-i&42.
1867-1868
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Philadel-
phia, Pa.
1840- 1845
Toronto,
Canada
1845-1S51,
1856-1864.
1865-1871
-0.5
-0.4
i-o. I
-ro. I
—0.2
-fo.6
-l-i.o
-i-o. 9
0.0
-[-0.2
—0.9
-0.7
0.0
-fO. 2
4-0. I
0.0
-1-0.3
-r-0.5
-^0.4
0.0
—0.4
—0.6
—0.4
— O. I
Dublin,
Ireland
1841-1850
Kew,
England
1855-1862
+0.4
0.0
-f-1.6
— 0.6
-fi.7
0-5
-fi.9
0.0
+1.3
-TO. 7
0.0
-1-0.8
—1.2
-ri.2
—2.2
+0.3
—2. 1
—0.2
-1.4
—0.8
0.3
—0.6
-ro.2
—0.7
It is seen that the total range of the annual variation is a very small quantity,
about i' for the North American stations. The character of the variation appears to
be different for each station. This may possibly be because the tabular results do not
refer in each case to the same interval of time, and because they were not deduced by
one common method.
According to the recent investigations of Dr. Schwalbe, the forces which bring
about this variation are situated outside the earth.
Minor Periodic Fluctuations.
Chief among these may be mentioned the variation depending upon the position of
the Moon with reference to the Sun and the Earth. The range, or difference between
the extreme values, of this variation is so minute that it has required many years
of continuous and carefully made observations to detect it.
Magnetic Storms.
Generally speaking these may occur at any time and are frequently accompanied
by auroral displays. Such storms may at times have a very w4de circle of action and
occur practically simultaneously over the whole area. Thus on December 3, 1896,
while the writer was on his way to Salisbury, Md., to make magnetic observations, he
saw a most brilliant aurora, and the next day while making magnetic obser\'ations the
behavior of the needle indicated that a magnetic storm was prevailing. This storm it
was afterwards ascertained occurred at foreign observatories practically simultaneously
with its occurrence in Maryland.
The fluctuations caused by these spasmodic variations in the Earth's magnetism
may in the United States occasionally amount to as much as 10-20' and even more.
«From Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1890, p. 249. The matter contained in Tables IV
and V was taken from the same source.
54 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Thus, on October 12, 1896, the writer made observations at Oakland, Md., at various
times during the day. The diurnal variation on that day was completely reversed, the
maximum value of west declination occurring in the morning instead of in the after-
noon, and the minimum value in the afternoon instead of the morning. The observa-
tion in the morning required a correction of —16'.
Small, spasmodic fluctuations occur frequently; in fact, scarcely a day passes with-
out them.
It is due largely to these irregular disturbances, the coming of which can not be
predicted, that it is not possible to give by a general system of rules accurate reductions
of an observed declination to the mean value for the day.
The duration of the irregular fluctuations may be but an instant, a few hours, or
several days. They generally reveal their presence by a sudden and marked departure
of the needle from, its true normal position. While these fluctuations make their
appearance apparently at random, nevertheless when they are treated statistically it is
found that they exhibit well-marked periodicities in tteir occurrences. They are more
frequent and more violent in the years of maximum solar activity, as indicated by sun
spots, and less frequent and less violent in years of minimum activity. In November,
1882, near the period of maximum sun spots, a magnetic storm occurred which caused
the magnetic needle at Los Angeles, Cal., to move over iyi° out of its normal
position. There was at the time a brilliant auroral display. This storm occurred over
the entire Earth, at Los Angeles, Toronto, London, St. Petersburg, Bombay, Hong-
kong, and Melbourne, and began at practically the same instant of absolute time. Then
again they appear subject to short, spasmodic variations, such as the daily and the
annual. They apparently occur more frequently toward evening and less frequently
toward noon; also more frequently in equinoctial months and less frequently in solstitial
months. Perhaps a good idea of the frequency and magnitude of the irregular dis-
turbances is obtained from Schott's table,^ based on the observations made ev^ery two
hours at Philadelphia, under Bache, between the six years 1840 to 1845.
Deviatious from normal Number of dis-
direction. turbances.
3. 6 to 10. 8 2189
10. 8 to 18. I 147
18. I to 25.3 18
25. 3 to 32. 6 3
Beyond, o
It should be recalled that the period of minimum sun-spot activity occurred in the
midst of this series; otherwise the disturbances would have been more frequent and
greater. Schott cites the following maximum deflections:
At Key West, between i860 and 1866 o 21. 4
At Madison, Wis., on May 28, 1877 o 24
At Madison, Wis., on October 12, 1877 o 48
At Lady Franklin Bay, during great storm in November, 1882, Greeiy
noted a deflection of 20 28
a Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1888, App. 7.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 55
G. R, Putnam, of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, cites a change of over 3° in
twenty minutes at Niantilik on September 18, 1896. *'At y*" 35™ a. m. local mean
time, the needle pointed 60® 35' west of north, while at 7** 55", it pointed 63® 50' west
of north, and the total range for the day was over 4^^°. On this date there was an
unusual magnetic disturbance, the extreme range in declination at Washington being
38' for the entire day, and 19' for the portion of the day corresponding to the interval
during which observations were made at Niantilik. It will be noted that the range in
declination was nearly fifteen times as great as at Washington during the same inten^al. ' '
The geographical position of Niantilik is 64** 53/5 north and 66° 19. '5 west of Green-
wich, and the dip on September 18, 1896, was 83® 54- '8.
Some other interesting cases of magnetic storms will be given in the section on
*' Magnetic Observatories."
The cause of these remarkable phenomena of the Earth's magnetism whereby the
whole magnetic system of the Earth is deranged at a moment's notice is shrouded in
mystery. There are clearly three kinds of magnetic storms: (i) Cosmic ones, due to
changes occurring in the regions above; (2) telluric ones, resulting from changes
within the interior of the Earth, and (3) regional or local ones, resulting from changes
within or external to the Earth's crust, whose field of action is limited to a restricted
region of the Earth and the center or focus of which, while sometimes stationary,
generally travels from place to place.
The principal phases of a storm of the first kind occur simultaneously over the
Earth, within one or two minutes of time. Doubtless if arrangements could be made
to time these principal phases at places over the entire Earth with greater accuracy than
the ordinary photo-magnetic records will admit of, the correspondence in time would be
only a matter of seconds. During the prevalence of these magnetic storms strongly
marked variations in the electric currents within the Earth's crust manifest themselves
along with the variations of the magnetic needle. Lord Kelvin has calculated the
amount of energy required to produce the magnetic storm of June 25, 1885, if it were
to be referred to direct action of the sun. Quoting from Gray's Magnetism and
Electricity:
**The horizontal force at the following eleven places: St. Petersburg, Stonyhurst,
Wilhelmshaven, Utrecht, Kew, Vienna, Lisbon, San Fernando, Colaba, Batavia, and
Melbourne, increased considerably from 2 to 2.10 p. m., and fell from 2:10 to 3 p. m.,
with irregular changes in the interval.
'*The mean value at all these places was .0005 above par at 2:10 and .005 below
par at 3 p. m. The changes as shown by the photographic records were simultaneous
at the different places. Assuming these electrical oscillations of the Sun, Lord Kelvin
estimates that the electrical activity of the Sun during the storm, which lasted about
eight hours, must have been about i6oXio*^ horsepower, or about i2Xio^Vergs
per second; that is, about 364 times the activity of the total solar radiation, which is
estimated at about 3X 10^ ergs per second. The electrical energy thus given out bj'
the Sun in such a storm would supply, if transformed to the electrical vibrations of
shorter period concerned in its ordinary radiation, the whole light and heat radiated
during a period of four months. This, as Lord Kehnn remarks, is conclusive against
the hypothesis that these violent magnetic disturbances are due to direct action of the
Sun/'
56 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
The probability is that a solar ray endowed with greater or less energy than ordi-
narily and of the necessary kind acted as the ** trigger to the gun'* to set oE mighty
electric forces whose presence in the upper regions is becoming more and more manifest
every day.
A magnetic storm of the second category is associated with changes within the
Earth, cataclysms, earthquakes, volcanic outbreaks, etc. The phases may occur
simultaneously over very large portions of the Earth, or progress from place to place
according to a certain rate. Remarkable coincident effects observed during the Ma}^
eruption in Martinique will be found further on. Hansteen declared * * that the
variations of the magnetic needle are a mute language revealing to us the changes
perpetually going on in the interior of the Earth." Another great student of nature,
Clerk Maxwell sarys: ''The never-resting heart of the Earth traces in telegraphic
symbols the record of its pulsations, and also the slow but mighty working of the
changes which warn us not to suppose that the inner history of our planet is ended."
Magnetic disturbances of the third kind, as stated, take place over a limited area,
and are associated with phenomena occurring within the Earth, as enumerated in the
previous paragraph, or with phenomena in the upper regions. In the case of these
storms the passing of the principal phases from place to place may take a measurable
amount of time. Storms of the first and second kind may bring about storms of the
third kind as secondary phenomena.
Dr. Schmidt made a mathematical analysis of various magnetic storms, and in
particular of the one which occurred on February 28, 1896, and whose course was
;» followed one hour, from 6 to 7 p. m. , Greenwich time, at the suggestion of Professor
Eschenhagen, simultaneously by 15 observatories distributed over the Earth. His
investigations clearly showed that the disturbance vectors at times converged to a
point, at other times radiated from a point, and in times of magnetic calms (compara-
tively speaking) the vectors at the various stations were almost parallel to each other,
as though pointing to a distant force center; furthermore, that the points of con-
vergence in general moved progressively forward with a velocity of about i kilometer
in a second, and also that they were at times nearly stationary. In view of the fact
that the cause of the diurnal variation of the Earth's magnetism must apparently be
referred to elettric currents in the upper regions of the atmosphere. Dr. Schmidt
believes that the immediate cause of the magnetic storms is to be referred to electric
whirls or vortices which separate themselves from the general electric field in the
atmosphere just as do the cyclones and anticyclones known to meteorologists. Taking
also into consideration the vertical disturbing components and applying Ampere's rule
to the current systems revealed by the disturbing forces, it follows that for the greater
part of our obserx^ed magnetic storms the causes come from the outside of the
Earth's crust.
MAGNETIC OBSERVATORIES.
These institutions are designed especially to secure a record of the changes ever going
on in the magnetic condition of the Earth. It was recognized at an early date that the
problems of terrestrial magnetism, like those of meteorology, have a world-wide interest
and bearing, and so require for their successful and complete solution the united and
harmonious efforts of all nations.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 57
Under the powerful initiative of von Humboldt, Gauss, Herschell, KupflFer, and
Sabine, a number of institutions were accordingly established in the fourth decade of
the last century in different parts of the Earth, whose special pUf*pose it was to record
the ever-occurring magnetic variations. To cooperate with these foreign observatories
a magnetic observatory — due to the enthusiasm of Professor Bache — was founded in this
country at Girard College, Philadelphia. The results from these observatories amply
showed the wisdom of international cooperation.. At the present time a special effort
at a systematic study of the magnetic variations, according to a uniform plan, has again
been originated, this time in cooperation with the various Arctic and Antarctic expeditions.
The Coast and Geodetic Survey has at present four magnetic observatories taking
part in this international work, viz, at Cheltenham, Maryland, 17 miles southeast of
Washington; at Baldwin, Kansas, 17 miles south of Lawrence; at Sitka, Alaska, and
in the Hawaiian Islands, at a site about 14 miles west of Honolulu. The first named,
the Cheltenham Observatory, is one of the most complete and elaborately constructed
magnetic observatories in existence, and its scope of work will include, besides the
observation of magnetic phenomena, also seismic ones, and such as are related to
atmospheric and to telluric electricity.
The next illustration, Fig. 12, gives a view of the Cheltenham Magnetic Observa-
tory, the larger building being the so-called "Variation Observatory,*' in which
are mounted the self -registering photo-magnetic instalments, and the smaller building
containing the oflSce in the middle, flanked by two wings in which the absolute magnetic
observations are made. The Variation Observatory consists of two rooms, each 16 by
19 feet; in the north room is mounted a magnetograph of the Eschenhagen pattern, and
in the south room has been installed the Adie magnetograph, adapted for photographic
registration and for eye readings, formerly at Los Angeles (1882-1889) and at San
Antonio (1890- 1895).
As the variations in the intensity of the magnetic force recorded on magnetic
instruments are partly due to the changes in the magnetic moment of the suspended
magnets due to temperature changes, it is necessary to either provide some means for
determining these artificial changes and make corrections, or to institute the necessary
arrangements for preserving a constant temperature in the observing room.
In the case of the Cheltenham Observatory, the attempt has been made to secure in
an above-ground structure freedom from moisture and a uniformity of temperature
within certain practical limits without employing any other means than that derived
from the insulation of the specially constructed walls of the variation observatory
building. In addition, thermographs register continuously any remaining temperature
fluctuations inside the magnetograph rooms, with the aid of which any necessary
reductions of the magnetic intensity variations to a selected standard temperature can
be made. The drawing of the plans and the erection of the observatory were intrusted
to J. A. Fleming, of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and the results obtained thus far
show that his method of construction was a successful one.
The wall insulation of the variation observatory is as follows: Beginning at
outside of building, pine weatherboarding, 8-ply building paper, i-inch pine sheathing,
8-inch air shaft, i-inch pine sheathing, 8-ply paper, 3 feet pine sawdust, 8-ply paper,
^-inch pine ceiling, 3 feet 2 inches air space of passageway, ^-inch pine ceiling, 8-ply
paper, i foot pine sawdust, 8-ply paper, ^-inch pine ceiling; slat ventilators or louvre
58 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
windows, so arranged and provided with closely fitting shutters that during the winter
the 8-inch air shaft referred to can be made practically air-tight, while during sum-
mer when opened these tend to admit of the passage and circulation of a cooling draft
around building. The insulation beginning at the roof and going down is: Gravel and
asphalt pitch roof, i-inch pine sheathing, 3 feet 8 inches air spaci communicating with
8-inch air shaft around building and provided with six lou\Te windows with close-fitting
shutters as on those at bottom of air shaft, i inch rough pine floor, 3-foot filling of pine
sawdust, 8- ply paper, J^-inch pine ceiling, 3-foot air space above rooms, i-inch rough
pine floor, i foot 6 inches pine sawdust, 8-ply paper, ^-inch ceiling. Insulation from
bottom of foundation is 2 feet 8 inches of earth, 6-inch to 8-inch layer of screened gravel,
about 3 feet pine sawdust, i-inch pine under floor, 8-ply paper, ?^-inch pine tongue-
and-groove floor.
The greatest danger to fulfillment of the above results lay in the necessity of pro-
viding openings through walls for ventilation of rooms and for means of ingress and
egress. Four shafts, each 5 by 10 inches and about 16 feet long, furnish air supply to
passageway through wooden floor grates. These are provided with heavy rabbeted
shutters made to fit very closely and fitted with refrigerator fasteners, so that they may be
made air-tight. They are also provided at inlet with copper-w4re screens of double thick-
ness to break force of a wind blowing toward opening and to keep out such vermin as field
mice. Ventilation of passageway is effected by four shafts opening into air space below
roof, each 6 by 10 inches and about 16 feet long, provided with close-fitting shdes.
Ventilation of air space below roof is effected by three 14-inch copper '*Star" ventila-
tors. By the judicious use of these air-supplies and ventilators the danger of direct
conduction of temperature changes through shafts can be entirely eliminated. Ventila-
tion of magnetograph rooms from and into passageway is effected in each room by four
3-inch square vertical shafts in sawdust packing having inlet or outlet just below ceiling
or above baseboard, according to arrangement of four closing slides provided for each.
To carry off gases of combustion from lamps of magnetographs, 3-inch copper
ventilators are provided.
Entrance into building is had through a vestibule on the south side, as shown in
Fig. 12, of 10 feet by 13 feet 8 inches outside dimension. Walls of entrance are built
similarly to those of main building without the air shaft and but 2 feet of sawdust
packing. The outside door can be closed before opening a second door leading into a
small entrance hall, which is 6 feet wide and 1 1 feet long; from this room a third door
leads into an opening in the sawdust packing, whence a fourth door opens into the
passageway around the rooms. In placing these doors particular care was taken to make
them close fitting^ Entrance into either of the magnetograph rooms is to be had only
from the hall between the two rooms through 8-inch refrigerator patterned doors packed
with sawdust.
The diurnal change of the temperature has thus been reduced to a matter of a few
tenths of a degree, and in fact it is believed that even this small variation will be elimi-
nated as soon as some other source of light than the present lamps has been introduced.
It has been repeatedly found that any sudden change of temperature which may amount
to 50°-6o° F. outside only makes itself felt gradually inside, and then does not amount
to much over 0^.5, and may be even less than this amount. The annual range has
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 59
been converted into a gradual progressive change, for which allowance can easily be
made, and amounting to between one-half and one-third of what it would be outside.
Fig- i3» which shows the magnetograph of the Eschenhagen pattern in place at
the Baldwin Observatory, will exhibit the precise arrangement of the instruments.
The two instruments on the left are the declination variometer, by means of which
the variations in magnetic declination dre obtained, and the horizontal intensfty
variometer (one in the middle of view) giving the changes in horizontal component of
the Earth* s magnetic force. The magnets in both instruments are laminar pieces of
well-hardened watch-spring steel, about an inch long (25"") and about one-fourth of an
inch wide and about one-sixty-fourth of an inch thick — quite a difference from the
meter-long magnets used in Gauss's time. The magnets are suspended by fine quartz
fibers passing through the glass suspension tubes, and swing in copper damping boxes.
The magnet in the declination instrument hangs in the magnetic meridian, whereas in
the horizontal intensity instrument the magnet is turned at right angles to the magnetic
meridian by means of torsion of the quartz fiber. A third instrument for registering
the variation in vertical intensity completes the set.
On the right of the view are shown the lamp and the recording apparatus. A spot
of light supplied by the lamp falls on the mirrors attached to the magnets, and is
reflected onto the drum or cylinder inside the recording apparatus, a sensitized sheet of
paper (platinum bromide) 15 by 52"" being wrapped around the drum and the drum
revolving either once in twenty-four hours or once in two hours, according to circum-
stances. As the magnet swings to and fro, the spot of light passes back and forth on
the sensitized sheet, producing a curved or devious line full of peaks and hollows dur-
ing time of magnetic disturbance. To provide a base line from which to count the
changes, a second spot of light coming from a fixed mirror attached to each instrument
traces its record on the revolving cylinder as a straight line.
A shutter operating automatically cuts off the light from the fixed mirror at
intervals of one hour and thus the base line is interrupted, the distance between hourly
breaks being about 20""", so that i*""" of the base line represents 3 minutes of time, or
o.i"° (the limit of reading), 18 seconds. If the drum revolves once in 2 hours, as it
does during special work, then i'"" of abscissa represents 15 seconds. One millimeter
of ordinate, or j^^ ^^ ^^ inch, corresponds to a change of i minute in the magnetic decli-
nation, and about .000025 c. g. s. units in the horizontal intensity, or about go^oo part
of the absolute value of the horizontal intensity. As it is possible to estimate ^^0 of a
millimeter, the magnetograms will ordinarially be read to o.i of a minute and to
.0000025 c. g. s. units (sdJoo H).
Figs. 14, 15, and 16 exhibit some of the interesting records already obtained.
They are reproductions on half scale of the magnetograms obtained at the Cheltenham
Magnetic Observatory with the Adie magnetograph. In this instrument each magnetic
element (declination, horizontal and vertical intensity) is recorded on a separate
photographic sheet, two days' record being obtained on each sheet. Each figure is
composed of three sheets.
Fig. 14 is designed to show the character of the magnetic curves during a com-
paratively undisturbed period, and especially to exhibit the slight effect due to the
Guatemalan earthquake. Beginning on top there are two curves — the declination
6o MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
curves — marked respectively April 18 to 19 and April 17 to 18, next two straight lines
similarly dated, which serve as the base lines for the curves. From the explanation
given in the preceding paragraphs it will be evident that the curves result from the
spot of light coming from the mirror attached to the magnet, whereas the straight lines
are due to the spot of light from the fixed mirror. Considering simply the curve and
base line, each dated April 18-19, and measuring the perpendicular distances or
ordinates between the base line and the curve at the hourly intervals marked, beginning
with 5 p. m., April 18, passing through midnight and continuing until 4 p. m. of the
following day, then the difference of these ordinates wnll give the changes in the
magnetic declination from hour to hour for the period of time, i"" (one twenty-fifth of
an inch) of ordinate on the original sheet being i'.i3, and in the figures twice this
amount, viz, 2'. 26. If the entire ordinate be converted into minutes of arc and added
to the base-line value, the actual magnetic declination for each hour from April 18,
5 p. m., to April 19, 4 p. m., can be obtained. As the arrows on the side indicate, a
rise in the curve means an increase of the declination (average value is about 5°.i west),
whereas a fall in the curve means a decrease. The hours as marked are for local mean
time; to get seventy -fifth Meridian or Eastern standard time addf,j.
Thus at about 8 a. m. , local mean time, the lowest value is reached, and between
noon and i p. m. the highest one results, the total change amounting to 4"'", or 9'. 5.
The same explanation will suffice for the next two curves (in the middle), the
changes in the ordinates measured from the corresponding base lines giving the changes
in the intensity of the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic force or the force
acting on the compass needle. The bottom curve and base line records the changes in
the vertical intensity, the vertical intensity curve for April 17 to 18 having been omitted
purposely to avoid confusion.
One millimeter of ordinate for either the horizontal or vertical intensity curve
corresponds practically to 0.00005 c. g. s. unit, and on the original sheets to half of
this amount. It will be noticed that the principal minimum of the horizontal intensity
occurs at about 9 a. m. local mean time and the principal minimum of the vertical
intensity curve occurs a little after 10 a. m.
Comparing the three separate sets of curves, it will be seen that the middle one —
horizontal intensity — shows a number of small fluctuations not occurring in the other
curves, and in fact this curve is rarely without disturbances of some kind.
Special attention is directed to the peculiar appearance of the curves (declination,
horizontal intensity, and vertical intensity) between 9 and 10 p. m. on April 18, the
curves being almost entirely obliterated for part of the way. This peculiar occurrence
can be traced to the Guatemalan earthquake, the maximum effect of which was recorded
at 9** 40™ (seventy-fifth Meridian or Eastern time) on the Milne seismograph which
Dr. H. F. Reid has had mounted at the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.
The late Professor Eschenhagen, who examined a number of such cases of earth-
quake effects registered on magnetic instruments, came to the conclusion that the effect
was probably entirely a mechanical one, due to the vibration of the piers on which the
instruments were mounted, and not a magnetic effect.
Other breaks in the curves, e. g., about 5 p. m., 8 a. m., and 4 p. m., are the ** time
breaks ' * and are purposely made in order to obtain the data for dividing up the base
line into hourly intervals. (On the Eschenhagen magnetograph, as explained, this is
done automatically.)
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PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH»S MAGNETISM. 6 1
Fig. 15 shows the curves on a disturbed day. Looking at the second curve from
the top, it is seen that the declination cur\'e runs along smoothly until somewhat after
4 a. m., local mean time, April 10 (see second base line marked April 9-10), when it is
suddenly interrupted. Thereafter it exhibits a number of fluctuations until the end of
the cur\'e. Continuing now on the upper curve marked April 10, still more marked
fluctuations are exhibited until a little before 6 p. m., April ii (first base line) the
highest point is reached, the curve dropping thereafter. The change in declination
between this point and the lowest one which occurred about four hours before is
nearly 33'.
Passing on to the two middle curves — ^the horizontal intensity — it is found that the
fluctuations are even more marked than for the declination curves, the beginning taking
place very abruptly. The vertical intensity' curve likewise exhibits large fluctuations.
This magnetic storm lasted about two days, and began practically simultaneously
at the four magnetic observatories of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, \4z, Cheltenham,
Md. ; Baldwin, Kans. ; Sitka, Alaska, and Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands. At Sitka the
disturbance in declination was 2^ and over, part of the record being lost, having gone
beyond the edge of the paper.
Fig. 16 reproduces a magnetic disturbance, which, as in the previous case, began
very abruptly (see especially fourth curve). Now, the remarkable thing is this, that
the time of beginning of this storm was coincident, as far as can at present be ascer-
tained, with the' time of the eruption of Mont Pel^e (Martinique) on May 8. The
magnetic disturbance began simultaneously at the Cheltenham and at the Baldwin
observatories at 7^ 55™ St. Pierre local mean time. According to the newspaper reports,
the catastrophe befell St. Pierre about 8 a. m. of May 8, and it was stated that the town
clock was found stopped at 7'' 50*"; how accurately this clock kept local mean time is, of
course, not known. This disturbance was purely a magnetic one and not a seismic one,
as that shown in Fig. 14, and was not recorded on seismographs. The Cheltenham
magnetograms exhibit fluctuations amounting at times from .0005 to .0006 c. g. s. unit
(about ^^^ of the value of the horizontal intensity), and from 10' to 15' in declination.
On the morning of May 20, from 4^ 07"" to 4" 16'" Eastern time, or 5** 03™ to 5^ 12""
St. Pierre local mean time, there again occurred a slight disturbance of the magnetic
needles at the Cheltenham Magnetic Observatory, beginning abruptly and reaching its
maximum effect at 5*" 07™. From 11'' 57™ p. m.. May 20, to o^ 09", May 21, Eastern
time, or from o*' 53"* to i** 05" a. m.. May 21, St. Pierre local mean time, a similar but
somewhat larger disturbance occurred.
According to the cable dispatch from Governor L'Huerre, of the Island of Mar-
tinique (mentioned in the Associated Press dispatches), sent from Fort de France and
dated Tuesday, May 20, the second eruption of Mont Pel^e apparently began about
5^ 15" a. m. — closely coincident with the time of the first magnetic disturbance given
above.
Respecting the second magnetic disturbance, about midnight of the 20th, it is of
interest to note that almost continuous earthquake shocks were felt at St. Augustine,
Fla., from 9 to midnight, May 20.
The Coast and Geodetic Survey has undertaken a special study of the interesting
occurrences above described, and has sent a request for information to every magnetic
observatory in foreign countries.
62 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
MAGNETIC CHARTS.
IsoGONic Lines.
The most convenient form in which to represent magnetic data for practical use,
namely, by drawing lines through the places having the same magnetic declination,
the same magnetic dip, or the same magnetic intensity, is generally supposed to have
been employed for the first time by Dr. Edmund Halley, the noted astronomer, who,
at the beginning of the eighteenth century, published two charts of the * * lines of equal
magnetic variation (declination)," which are here called, respectively, the "Atlantic
Chart*' and the "World Chart." According to Hellmann, however, Christoforo Borri,
of Milan, appears to have made the first attempt to construct lines of equal magnetic
declination, but did not publish them.
The "Atlantic Chart," doubtless published in 1701, gave the lines of "equal
magnetic variation" chiefly over the Atlantic Ocean, based upon Halley' s observa-
tions, made between 1698 and 1700 on the shi^ Paramour Pink, the expenses of the
expedition having been borne by the English Government, this fruitful expedition
representing the first systematic effort made at a magnetic survey of the globe. In no
case were the lines on this chart drawn over land areas.*
The "World Chart," frequently referred to under the title of "Tabula Nautica,"
published later than the preceding one (probably in 1702), besides containing the
"lines of equal variation " for the Atlantic Ocean, also gave them for the Indian Ocean
and the extreme western part of the Pacific Ocean. (See Fig. 19. ) In a few instances
the lines were drawn across the continents. This was reproduced by Airy in the
Greenwich Observations for 1869, and again by Hellmann* in 1895.
Revisions of Halley's chart, made necessary by the progressive change in these lines
of equal magnetic declination with the lapse of time, were made after Halley's death
by Messrs. Mountaine and Dodson in 1744 and 1756. The most complete collection of
early charts of the lines of equal magnetic declination (isogonic charts) and of equal
magnetic dip (isoclinic lines) will be found in Hansteen's Atlas, belonging to his
famous work " Magnetismus der Erde," Christiania, 1819, and in Hellmann's facsimile
reprints,* to which latter "work the reader is referred for a detailed historical account.
The following series of isogonic charts from 1600 to 1858 (Figs. 17-20) have been
reproduced on a reduced scale from Neumayer's excellent Atlas des Erdmagnetismus,
published by Justus Perthes, Gotha, 1891, those of 1600 and 1800 being due to Hansteen,
and published in 1819, that of 1700 to Halley, and theone of 1858 to the British Admiralty.
Van Bemmelen has recently constructed isogonic charts for 1500 (see Fig. 4), 1550, 1600,
1650, and 1700, based on an exhaustive collection of early declination values.^ A care-
ful scrutiny of them is earnestly recommended to the reader. Let him pick out, for
« A copy of this chart, whose existence had escaped attention, was found by the writer in 1895
in the British Museum, and reproduced by him with commentary notes in the journal "Terrestrial
Magnetism," Vol. I, No. i, 1896.
&** Die altesten Karten der Isogonen, Isoklinen, Isodynamen," Berlin, A. Asher & Co., 1895. (At
the time of this publication Hellmann was not aware of the "Atlantic Chart," and so erroneously
believed that the "World Chart" was the original Halley Chart of 1701. )
<?"Die Abweichung der Magnet Nadel," Batavia, 1899.
X
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH^S MAGNETISM. 63
example, an agonic line (line of no magnetic declination) and follow its various trans-
formations from period to period. Or let him compare the chart of 1600 with that of
1905, given later, and notice what a complete reversal there has been in the distribution
of the Earth's magnetism, as represented by the lines of equal magnetic declination.
Thus in 1600 the declination over the western and southern parts of the Atlantic Ocean
and over western Europe and western Africa was east^ whereas to-day, over the same
portions of the Earth, the declination is west.
The chart (Fig. 21) of 1905 was reproduced from the British Admiralty Manual of
Deviations of the Compass, 1901. The isoclinic chart, giving the lines of equal mag-
netic dip for 1905 (Fig. 22), has been taken from the same source.
• In looking over the series of isogonic charts, two main lines of zero or no magnetic
declination (agonic lines) intersecting the equator, a western one and an eastern one,
can be recognized. If the longitudes of the intersections were determined from time to
time and represented graphically, the ordinate being the longitude and the abscissa the
corresponding year, it would be seen that for nearly three hundred years there has been
a progressive and almost uniform motion of these two agonic lines to the westward, the
western agonic at an average annual rate of nearly 14 minutes in longitude and the
eastern agonic at an average annual rate of about 8 minutes in longitude. Were
the western agonic to make a complete revolution of the Earth at the rate given, it
would take it nearly one thousand six hundred years, whereas the eastern agonic would
require about two thousand six hundred years. These results show how fruitless it is
to endeavor to determine the secular change period from the supposed motion of the
agonic lines around the Earth. The result reached will depend not only upon the
agonic selected, but also upon the parallel of latitude along which the sliding around
the Earth is supposed to take place. ^
Magnetic Meridians.
The lines of equal magnetic declination, while representing magnetic declination
data in a convenient and practical form, do not actually exist in nature; they are
merely an artificial set of lines devised to serve a useful purpose, which they admirably
fulfill. The so-called ** magnetic meridians,'* with which the isogonic lines are of ten
confounded, give a better representation of the actual magnetic condition of the Earth.
They are the lines along which one would travel were he to set out at any place on
the Earth and always follow the direction of the compass needle, and hence they
exhibit at every point the actual direction of the compass needle, not by numbers, but
by angles. The magnetic declination at any point will be the angle between the
magnetic and the true meridian passing through the point.
Fig. 23 gives the magnetic meridians for 1836 as drawn by Captain Duperrey. It
will be noticed that they all pass through two points — one in the Northern Hemisphere,
the North Magnetic Pole, and the other in the Southern Hemisphere, the South Mag-
netic Pole. The lines cutting across the magnetic meridians at right angles, which in
the present instance are the lines of equal "potential,*' Duperrey termed the "magnetic
«In this way Lord Kelvin deduced his much-quoted period of nine hundred and sixty years.
64 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1901.
Fio, 93.— Magneltc mcTidiani for 1836 (Duperrey),
Fio. 14.— Linn of equal magnetic
II
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 65
parallels.'* It is more usual, however, to call the lines of equal dip the ** magnetic
parallels. * '
The isogonic lines, on the other hand, pass through four points — two in each hemi-
sphere, the magnetic pole and the geographical pole. (See Fig. 24, which gives these
lines for 1885, as reproduced from Neumayer's * 'Atlas.") In other words, at both
points in each hemisphere it is possible to have all values of the magnetic declination;
at the magnetic pole because there all magnetic meridians converge, and at the geo-
gpraphical pole because there all true meridians meet, and since the magnetic declination
is the angle between the magnetic meridian and the true meridian, it is therefore possi-
ble to have every value of the magnetic declination at each of the two points. There
is this distinction between them, however: At the magnetic pole the compass has no
definite direction, all the force acting at this point being vertically downward, so that
there is no force in the horizontal plane pulling the compass into any fixed direction;
the true north and south direction is, however, a fixed one. At the geographical pole,
however, the true direction is anything you please, while the compass direction is a
perfectly definite one.
MAGNETIC SURVEYS.
General Remarks.
The present time is witnessing a remarkable revival of interest in magnetic work.
Magnetic surveys are either already under way or contemplated for the near future in
nearly every civilized country. From the Antarctic expeditions valuable results may
be expected in a region almost destitute of data, a,nd where in fact nothing has been
obtained since the observations of Ross and Crozier in the ships Erebus and Terror and
of Moore and Clerk in the Pagoda, sixty years ago.
Unfortunately, however, in the regions of the Earth where information regarding
the magnetic needle is of the highest practical importance to the seaman in these days,
when every effort is bent to increase the speed of a vessel by a knot over the great ocean
basins continually traversed — the Atlantic, the Pacific, etc. — there almost no magnetic
data are at present being obtained. But very little data regarding the magnetic declina-
tion of the needle, say nothing of the dip and intensity, have been obtained in the ocean
areas since the advent of iron ships, except from occasional eipeditions. The present
lines of equal magnetic declination, or, as the mariner terms them, ** lines of equal mag-
netic variation,** over these waters depend almost entirely upon results acquired in
wooden ships 50 to 100 years and more ago. It is therefore impossible to state just how
accurate they may be. When it is remembered that in times of fog and darkness, with
no celestial object visible, sole reliance must be placed on the log, compass, and the
variation charts, the importance of a systematic magnetic survey of ocean areas needs
no further argument. Fortunately all evidence goes to show that over the deep waters
of the ocean most frequently traversed, the Atlantic, the present lines of equal magnetic
declination are doubtless correct within 1°. In shallow waters, however, and near
coast lines, where danger of shipwreck is most imminent, greater errors in the lines can
be confidently expected. Respecting the Pacific Ocean, it is impossible to form an
accurate opinion as to the correctness of the mariner's ** variation charts.*' Unfortu-
27478—02 5
66 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
nately, almost the universal practice employed by seamen in these waters is to deduce
the compass deviation, or compass correction, due to the ship's own magnetism, entirely
with the .aid of the *' variation charts;" and rarely do they control their table of devia-
tion corrections by ** swinging ship.'* The difference between the observed ** variation
of the compass" on board ship and that scaled from the variation charts, is ascribed
wholly to the local magnetism of the ship, and called the *' deviation of the compass" on
the course on which the ** variation" was observed. This difference, however, is due
to three causes: (i) Ship's own magnetism; (2) error in variation charts; (3) error in
mariner's observation. If mariners in the Pacific Ocean would likewise swing ship,
when opportunity offered, and thus determine the deviations of the compass on various
courses independently of the charts, valuable data would be furnished those whose duty
it is to construct "variation charts."
The Coast and Geodetic Survey is making arrangements to fit out its vessels with
the necessary instruments for determining the magnetic elements at sea.
Besides the need of a systematic magnetic survey of ocean areas, there are vast areas
of the Earth, some under the control of civilized nations, which have not yet been
magnetically explored.
The complete solution of some of the vexed problems of the Earth's magnetism of
international interest, can not be accompHshed until some of the gaps in knowledge as
above pointed out have been filled.
The necessity of obtaining facts for keeping '* variation charts" up to date, i. e.,
correcting them for secular change, has already been made apparent in the previous
section on * ' Magnetic charts. ' ' It has been shown that it does not take many years to
make appreciable changes. Fig. 25, due to Neumayer, gives the amount of annual
change of the magnetic declination for various parts of the Earth. It will be seen that
along the tracks usually followed by steamers plying between New York and England,
the change may be as much as 6 minutes a year — that is, i® in 10 years — while over
other ocean areas, e. g.. South Atlantic, a change of 1° may be expected in about 6J^
years.^ Over the greater part of the Pacific Ocean, the change, at present (it may not
always be so) , is on the average about 2 minutes per year, or i ° in 30 years. For the
United States, as will be seen by turning to the Chart, the change is from o' to 5', the
average being about 3', or 1° in 20 years.
. ■*
« An error of i® in a course a mile long amounts to an error in distance of 92.2 feet. Supposing
a speed of 20 knots an hour, a vessel persisting on a course erroneous by i® would be out at the end
of the day's run about 9.6 miles, or 8.4 knots — nearly one half hour in time. Thus, when every
nerve is being strained to cut down the time of crossing the ocean by an hour or so, the need of being
able to hold a vessel true to her course is apparent.
When the mariner is obliged to rely entirely upon the compass and the log, the uncertainty in
fixing the ship's position at the end of a day's run is due to the error in distance traversed and
to the error resulting from imperfect knowledge of the true bearing of the course followed. If,
therefore, it were possible to add another factor for fixing the ship's position, e. g., if sufficiently
accurate dip observations were possible on board ship, they might help materially, with the aid of
the isoclinic charts, to fix the position.
In times of clear weather, when celestial objects are visible, there would of course be no need of
a *' magnetic" method for determining the ship's position, but when no astronomical method can be
employed then any additional information to that supplied by the compass and the log is greatly to
be desired.
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PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 67
Historical Summary. «
The first complete magnetic survey in which the three magnetic elements — decli-
nation, dip, and intensity — were determined, and which was executed as a national
piece of work and was coextensive with the limits of the countrj^ surveyed, was that of
the British Islands, corresponding to January i, 1837. This survey was imdertaken in
1836 at the request of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, and was
completed in 1838, The example set by Great Britain was speedily followed by the
execution of similar surveys in various portions of the globe — in Austria, Bavaria,
Germany, Holland, Belgium, France, Canada, etc. At the present time nearly every
civilized country has been surv^eyed magnetically to a greater or less extent.
But such surveys must be repeated after the lapse of a number of years on account
of the slow, yet appreciable, change forever going on in the Earth's magnetic state,
which change, as one of the most noted physicists has truly said, is a warning
''that we must not suppose that the inner histor>^ of our planet is ended." Thus
after the lapse of twenty years Great Britain — again at the instance of the British
Association for the Advancement of Science* — repeated its original magnetic survey.^
The obser\'^ations were taken between 185 7- 1862. In the Philosophical Transactions
of the Royal Society for 1870 will be found a full account of this survey and likewise
of the earlier one. In this paper Sir Edward Sabine combined the observations of the
two sur\''eys and drew the isomagnetic lines for the mean period of 1842- 1845.
Recently Great Britain has completed a ihird magnetic survey, far more elaborate than
any of the preceding surveys. This survey, one of the most carefully executed up to
date, was conducted by two most eminent physicists. Professors Riicker and Thorpe.^
It is a most fruitful piece of work. Observations of the three elements were made at
first by the two distinguished professors themselves between the years 1 884-1888 at
205 places.* The government grant committee of the Royal Society then made a
liberal grant so that the survey might be carried out on a larger scale than hitherto
attempted. Two assistant observers were then employed, and with their aid, in the
four years 1889-1892, the grand total of the number of stations was brought up to 882,
making on the average i station to every 1 39 square miles of land area.-^ The isomag-
netic lines corresponding to the epoch 1 886-1 890, and based on the 205 observations
made between the years 1884-1888, were drawn, and likewise those as based on the 677
stations observed in 1889- 1892, were constructed for the epoch 1891, and finally the
« Quoted largely from the writer's First Report on Magnetic Work in Maryland.
& Doubtless no national organization has done so much for the advancement of the subject of
terrestrial magnetism as this most distinguished body of scientific men. Money grants have been
freely made; committees on terrestrial magnetism composed of the most eminent physicists have been
formed from time to time, and cooperation has been extended and encouragement given to magnetic
enterprises in many ways.
<^ Report on the Repetition of the Magnetic Survey of England, by Maj. Gen. Edward Sabine.
Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science for 1861.
<'Dr. Thorpe has made a number of determinations of the magnetic elements in the .United
States.
<'The results were published in the Phil. Trans, of the R. S., 1890, A, p. 53, the memoir consti-
tuting the Bakerian lecture of that year.
/The results of this last work have just been published, Phil. Trans. R. S., vol. 188, A, 1896.
68 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902,
lines as resulting from all the stations were obtained. A splendid opportunity was thus
afforded for testing the accuracy with which the positions of the isomagnetic lines, e. g. ,
the lines of equal magnetic declination or variation, can be inferred from observations
in greater or less number. For further details the reader is referred to Professor
Riicker's Interesting account® pubhshed in Terrestrial Magnetism for July, 1896.
Professor Riicker's* results regarding the relation of magnetic disturbances and
geological formations are of such universal interest that they are quoted in toto:
" It has long been known that just as the secular variation of the magnet is accompanied by minor
diurnal changes, so the large alterations in the direction of the compass and dipping needle, which
are observed when we move from place to place on the surface of the earth, are affected by irregular-
ities which are due to purely local causes. Thus the declination is greater in Ireland than in England;
but the increase is not uniform as we pass from one country to the other. In fact in some districts
an abnormaUy large increase is followed by a decrease.
"These curious inequalities must be due to local disturbing forces, and the large number of obser-
vations which have been made in this country [Great Britain] have enabled us to determine with
more than ustial accturacy the magnitude and direction which the magnetic forces would assume if
they were undisturbed by any local cause, and from the difference between things as they then would
be and things as they actually are, we can calculate the magnitude and direction of the disturbing
forces themselves. When these are represented on a map, it is found that there are large districts of
the country in which the disturbing horizontal forces act in the same direction; in one region the
north pole of the needle will be deflected to the east, in another to the west, and, as we pass from
. one of these districts to the other, we always find that at the boundary the downward vertical force
on the north pole of the needle reaches a maximum value. We are thus able to draw upon the map
lines toward which the north pole of the needle is attracted. It is found that the exact position of
these can be determined with considerable accuracy, and that the lines can be traced without any
possible doubt through distances amounting, in some instances, to a couple of hundred miles. The
key to this curious fact is probably furnished by observations in the neighborhood of great masses of
basalt or other magnetic rocks. If these were magnetized by the induction of the earth's magnetic
field, the upper portions of them would, in this hemisphere, attract the north pole of the needle;
and it is found that where large masses of basalt exist, as in Antrim, in the Scotch coal fields, in
North Wales, and elsewhere, the north pole of the needle is, as a matter of fact, attracted toward them
from distances which may amount to 50 miles. The thickness of the sheets of basalt is in most cases
too small to furnish a complete explanation of the observed facts, but it is quite possible that these
surface layers of magnetic matter are merely indications of underground protuberances of similar
rocks from which the surface sheets have been extruded. At all events, there is no possible doubt of
the fact that where large masses of basalt occur, the north pole of the needle tends to move toward
them.
"There are other regions where the attractions are manifest, but where, nevertheless, no magnetic
rocks occur upon the surface; but it is most probable that the cause is the same, and that it is due to
the mere accident of denudation that in one case we can, and in the other we can not, point to the
magnetic rocks to which the anomalous behavior of the compass is due. Iftkts be so, it is certainly
interesting thai magnetic observations should enable us to penetrate to depths which the geologist can
not otherwise reach, and that the lines which we draw upon the surface of the map, as those to which
the north pole is attracted, may, infant, roughly represent the ridge lines of concealed masses of mag-
netic rocks, which are the foundations upon which the deposits stttdied by the geologist have been laid.
A. W. Riicker: A Summary of the Results of the Recent Magnetic Survey of Great Britain and
Ireland conducted by Professors Riicker and Thorpe:
I. On the Accuracy of the Delineation of the Terrestrial Isomagnetic Lines.
II. On the Accuracy of the Determination of the lyocal Disturbing Magnetic Forces.
III. On the Relation between the Magnetic and the Geological Constitution of Great Britain and
Ireland.
* Extracted from Terrestrial Mdgnetism, Vol. Ill, pp. 42-43.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 69
"There is some ground for thinking that if these great underground wrinkles exist, thtey have
affected the rocks which are superposed upon them, especially those which are of a comparatively
early date. As a general rule, if older rocks appear in the midst of newer ones, the pole of the
magnet will be attracted toward the protruding mass; but this rule holds good only of the rocks of
Carboniferous or Pre-Carboniferous age, and does not apply to later deposits. As a striking example, I
may state that the Pennine Range — which is sometimes called the "backbone of England"— is a
mass of millstone grit rising amid younger rocks. Down this a well-marked magnetic ridge line
runs. Similarly, in the neighborhood of Birmingham, the Dudley and Nuneaton coal fields are sur-
rounded by more modem deposits. A curious horseshoe-shaped ridge line connects these two, and
then runs south to Reading, which is, magnetically speaking, one of the most important towns in the
Kingdom. East and west from Dover to Milford Haven, and then across the English Channel to
Wexford, runs a ridge of the older rocks, called by geologists the Paleozoic ridge, concealed in many
places by newer deposits. Hollowed out in this are the South Wales and Forest of Dean coal fields,
and in another hollow within it lies the coal which has recently been discovered at Dover. Closely
following this protruding mass of the older r<x:ks is a magnetic ridge line which passes through
Reading, and thus we have a magnetic connection between the anticlinals of Warwickshire and the
Paleozoic ridge. From the neighborhood of Reading also another magnetic ridge line runs south-
ward, entering the channel near Chichester. M. Moureaux, who, with most untiring energy, has for
many years been investigating, single handed, the magnetic constitution of France, has discovered
the continuation of this line on the French coast near Dieppe, and has traced it through the north of
France to some 50 miles south of Paris. The energy which is now being displayed by magnetic sur-
veyors in many countries will, no doubt before long, prove that the network of these magnetic ridge
lines is universal, and the relations between them and the geological conformation of the countries
in which they lie will be so studied that our inductions will be based upon an adequate knowledge
of facts."
To give an intelligent and fair account of all work done in recent years in this
special field of human activity would require far more space and time than is available.
On the European continent, in nearly every country, elaborate magnetic surveys are either
at present in progress or have ju3t been finished or are in contemplation. One of the
most detailed in recent years is that of Holland, by Dr. Van Rijckevorsel, for the epoch
1891.0, embracing 278 stations over an area about equal to that of Maryland, or averag-
ing about one station to every 40 square miles. This survey of Holland is especially
interesting from the fact that though it was made over an area superficially destitute of
striking geological features, it nevertheless revealed marked disturbances. The author
sums up his conclusions thus: "Little even as we know about the geology of the
Netherlands, the magnetic maps must bring every one to the conviction that in some
cases, in many perhaps, there must be a direct relation between geologj' and terrestrial
magnetism, and that many of the magnetic features must be in some way determined by
the geological structure of the underground. What these geological features might be
we are at present unable to tell. What kinds of rock may be hidden at a depth of 300
meters or more under the peat bogs and heaths of the Netherlands, and the clay, sand,
and pebbles immediately underlying these, we do not know — rocks which, although
under ground, are yet perhaps in some places so near the surface as to be an effective
barrier against the inroads of the sea, which has fair play in other districts. * '
• So, likewise, important and interesting results were obtained by Professor Liznar,
who conducted the magnetic survey of Austria. The magnetic survey of most of the
German States (for a second time, and on a more elaborate scale than during Lamont's
time) is now in progress. The Russian Government has been planning a magnetic
survey of its extensive domains, and it is hoped that the funds will soon be forthcoming.
70 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Magnetic surveys of India and of Egypt are being undertaken under the auspices of
the English Government. Instances could be multiplied in which good and important
work has been accomplished by magnetic surveys, as, for example, in France, Italy,
Belgium, Denmark, Norway and Sweden, etc.
Extremely interesting investigations in the greatly disturbed areas in Russia
between Kursk and Odessa have been made by Leyst, Moureaux, and Passalskij.^
Enough has been given, however, to show that by undertaking similar work the
United States is simply keeping in touch with a general movement that is manifesting
itself most actively in the civilized world to-day. It is recognized that in the eager and
impatient endeavor to unravel the mysteries of the celestial regions the terrestrial
mysteries, manifesting themselves every moment, have been woefully neglected. The
science of our Earth is still in its infancy, and the astronomer has been made painfully
aware of the fact that more attention must be given to the study of the physical history
of the planet. There is every evidence that a reaction in scientific thought in this
regard has set in that is bqund to grow, and it is most desirable that the United States
should keep in line with this onward movement.
Magnetic Survey of the United States.
In concluding, brief reference to the history of terrestrial magnetism in the United
States is made, so that one may form some opinion as to the place to be ascribed to this
country in the development of magnetic surveys.
The earliest attempt at a detailed State magnetic survey appears to have been made
by Prof. Alexander Dallas Bache in 1840-1843, just before he was called to the Superin-
tendency of the Coast Survey. He called his survey a ' ' Magnetic survey of Pennsyl-
vania and parts of adjacent States." Obser\'ations were made at 22 points within
Pennsylvania; they did not in every case embrace the three elements. Professor Bache
made these obsen^ations during his summer vacations from 1840-1843 and at private
expense.
When Bache became Superintendent of the Coast Survey magnetic work was incor-
porated in the work of the Survey. Since then magnetic observations have been made
in every State of the Union by the Coast Survey, and the drawing of isomagnetic maps
and the furnishing of the data for allowance for the secular change have become regular
authorized functions of the Survey. The extension of the observations in such manner
as would fulfill the modern requirements of a magnetic survey could not be undertaken
until 1899, when the United States Congress, acting upon the recommendation of Dr.
Henry S. Pritchett, then Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, largely
increased the appropriation which had been made for magnetic observations before that
date.
An oflBcer of the Survey was placed in immediate charge of the details of the work
in the field as Inspector of Magnetic Work, a division of Terrestrial Magnetism was
created in the OflSce of the Survey, and operations were extended to the limit fixed by
the amount of money available.
Magnetic observations, more or less complete, and magnetic tours, more or less
extensive, had' been made previous to Bache's work, referred to above, e. g., by Long
a See Terrestrial Magnetism, Vol. IV, p. 235, and Vol. VII, No. 2.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 7 1
(1819), Nicollet (1832-36), Locke (1838-43) and Loomis (1838-41). The last made
the first general collection of magnetic observations for this country and has the honor
of having drawn the first magnetic maps. To be sure, these maps, covering the eastern
part of the United States, owing to the scantiness of the material, were only rough
approximations; nevertheless, when, sixteen years later, a more complete map was
made by the Coast Survey, Professor Bache declared that between his own map and
that of Loomis, when proper allowance was made for the secular change, the ** agree-
ment was remarkable.'* This epoch of about 1840 is remarkable for the number of
zealous and devoted students of terrestrial magnetism among the famous scientists in
the United States. It is hoped that before long some of the physicists of this country
can again be counted in the list of eminent magneticians.
From 1 878-1 883 Prof. Francis E. Nipher, professor of physics at Washington
University, St. Louis, undertook a detailed magnetic survey of Missouri. Professor
Nipher must be duly credited with the spirit and enterprise he exhibited in the inaug-
uration of this survey. He was dependent entirely upon private aid for the defraying
of the expenses of the work. The instruments were loaned by the Coast and Geodetic
Survey. Professor Nipher has published thus far five reports of this work^. He has,
however, not been able to complete the survey, and so no final report and no maps have
been published. He had observed, with the aid of assistants, at 149 stations, or on the
average at one station to 438 square miles.
At the same time some preliminary observations appear to have been made by
Prof. Gustav Hinrichs, in Iowa, but the survey does not seem to have progressed far
beyond a beginning.
Next comes the declination survey carried out — this time under State auspices —
under the direction of Prof. George H. Cook, then State geologist of New Jersey, now
deceased. The period of the survey was 1887-1890, all the observations to the extent of
158 stations having been made within a few years of this date. There was thus on the
average one declination station to about 52 square miles. The observations \^ere not
made with special magnetic instruments, but good surveying transits were used. The
observers appear to have executed the work as carefully as the methods and instru-
ments would permit.
It was a commendable piece of work, as far as it went, but it was not complete.
In order to derive the full benefit from magnetic surveys, it is absolutely essential to
determine not declination alone, but also dip and intensity. Experience has repeatedly
shown that with proper instruments a skilled observer can determine the three mag-
netic elements at practically the same cost in money and time as when declination results
alone are determined. The principal expense and labor occurs in getting to a station
and determining the true meridian. After this, the magnetic work, with proper
instruments and modem methods, can be expeditiously and economically performed.
In 1896 the State Geologist of Maryland, Prof. W. B. Clark, inaugurated a mag-
netic survey of Maryland, and intrusted it to the writer. The work was done princi-
pally in the summer months of 1896 and 1897 ^^'^ i^ ^^ spring of 1899, the expense
being borne by the State of Maryland, except in 1899, when the expenses were divided
between the State and the Coast and Geodetic Survey. In 1900 all of the expenses
a Transactions of the St. Louis Academy of Sciences, 1878-1886.
72 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
were borne by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and the instruments used throughout
the work (1896- 1900) were loaned by this Survey. This work has resulted in giving
Maryland the most detailed magnetic survey of any State, there being on the average
one station to about 100 square miles. Holland is the only country which excels
Maryland in this respect, having, on the average, one station to every 45 square miles.
The results have been published in two Reports by the Maryland Geological Survey.
A number of interesting facts have been revealed, especially in the locally disturbed
areas; it has been amply demonstrated that if the geologist desires to invoke the aid
of magnetism in the solution of some of the vexed problems with reference to subter-
ranean formations at depths impenetrable by ordinary means, he must use approved
magnetic methods, and not be content with instruments which admit of simply
"ordinary'* accuracy.
A magnetic survey of North Carolina was made between 1898 and 1899, by J. B.
Baylor, of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, under the joint auspices of the Coast and
Geodetic Survey and the North Carolina Geological Survey (Prof. J. A. Holmes,
State Geologist). The *' General Report" of this work, prepared by Messrs. Baylor
and Hazard, will be found in Appendix 9, Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for
1898-99. (See also Bulletin No. j.i.)
As stated above, since 1899 the Coast and Geodetic Survey has been enabled to
undertake systematically a magnetic survey of the territory under the jurisdiction of
the United States.^ The general plan on which the magnetic survey is being conducted
has been published in Appendix 10, Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1898-99.
It is the intention to make first a general survey with stations about. 25-30 miles
distant and to occupy between 400-500 stations a year. After the general survey has
been completed additional stations will be placed where most needed, as, for example,
in the locally disturbed areas revealed by the general survey. Also, besides the con-
tinuous observations at the magnetic observatory stations, the magnetic elements will
be redetermined at a number of well-chosen and uniformly distributed places from
time to time, in order to determine the amount of secular change, and thus make it
possible to keep the magnetic charts up to date. For fuller information refer to the
Appendix cited.
«The areas of the countries at present belonging to or under the jurisdiction of the United States
are, approximately, as follows:
Square miles.
United States 3 025 600
Alaska 577 390
Philippine Islands 118 600
Hawaiian Islands 6 500
Porto Rico 3 435
Guam Island, Tutuila Island, and Midway Islands 220
Total 3 731 745
The area controlled by the United States is equal to that of Europe, or about one-fifteenth of the
entire land area of the globe.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH»S MAGNETISM. 73
THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC POLES AND MAGNETIC MOMENT.
Magnetic Poles.
The definition for the magnetic poles of the Earth commonl)^ accepted, is that they
are the points on the Earth's surface where the dipping needle stands precisely vertical,
i. e., where the dip is 90®, at the north magnetic pole, the north end of the dipping
needle pointing vertically downwards, and at the south magnetic pole, the south end
of the same needle pointing vertically downwards. Excluding ' * local magnetic poles, ' '"
caused by extraordinary local deposits of attracting masses, there are but two such
points, one in the Northern Hemisphere and the other in the Southern Hemisphere;
their approximate positions will be presently given, and it will be seen that they are
not diametrically opposite each other. At these points, as all of the Earth's magnetic
force acts vertically downwards, there is no horizontal component to act on the com-
pass needle and hold it in any fixed direction, hence the compass needle at the mag-
netic poles, except for extraneous disturbing influences, remains in any position it may
be placed.
The points of greatest intensity of the total magnetic force, because of the irregu-
lar way in which the Earth is magnetized, are not coincident with the magnetic poles
as above defined; barring out local manifestations there will be found to be four such
points, two in each hemisphere, termed the **foci of greatest magnetic intensity."
The stronger of the two intensity foci in the Northern Hemisphere, was, according to
Lefroy's observations in 1843-44, in latitude 52° 10' north and in longitude 99*^ 59'
west of Greenwich, hence somewhat south of Hudsons Bay and considerably south of
the north magnetic pole.
It can not too clearly be pointed out that the points on the Earth's surface termed
''magnetic poles," are by no means to be compared to the poles of a bar magnet. If
they were similar in their action, then, manifestly, the weight of iron particles ought to
increase enormously with approach to the magnetic poles. This, however, is known
not to be the ca§e. The increase in the weight of iron as the pole is approached, on
account of the increase of the vertical force of the Earth's magnetism, would only be
about one-eighth of that due to the well-known increase of gravitational force d^o)
because of the flattening of the Earth at its rotation poles. The Earth is a spherical
magnet, and not at all to be likened to a bar magnet. A bar magnet at the center of
the Earth which would produce the magnetic facts observed on our globe would have its
magnetic poles practically coincident with each other. Two well-known investigators,
Kraft and Biot, found that the nearer to each other they assumed the poles of a fictitious
bar magnet placed at the center of the Earth to be, the closer the correspondence
between their computed results on this hypothesis and the observed facts; so that the
''equivalent magnetic poles of a spherical magnet " are practically the same distance
from all points on the Earth's surface, and this accounts for the very slight increase in
the weight of iron which might be expected if it were carried from the ' ' magnetic
equator ' ' to the ' ' magnetic pole. ' '
a A "local magnetic pole *' was found by Messrs. Leyst and Moureaux in Russia, between Kursk
and Odessa; the writer in the fall of 1900 found one near Juneau, Alaska, viz, on Douglass Island,
opposite Sheep Creek. There are a number of such ** local '' poles.
74 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Hence there are no paints on or near the EartKs surface equivalent in their action to
the poles of a bar magnet; the points which are termed the " magnetic poles of the Earth "
are simply the points of intersection of the direction of vertical dip with the Earth^s surface.
If the Earth were uniformly magnetized throughout instead of being heterogene-
ously magnetized, the Une joining the ** equivalent magnetic poles,'* if prolonged, would
pass through the points on the Earth's surface where the dip is equal to 90°, and this
line would be the * * magnetic axis ' ' of the Earth. Only about seven-tenths of the total
force of the Earth's magnetism can be referred to a homogeneous magnetization, the
remainder being due to irregular magnetizations. Hence we must expect neither that
the points of vertical dip lie diametrically opposite to each other nor that the magnetic
axis of the uniform magnetization should coincide with the straight line connecting
them. The said magnetic axis passes through the Earth's center and connects the points
on the surface, lying respectively in latitude 78^.3 north, longitude 67^.3 west, and in
latitude 78°. 3 south, longitude 112°. 7 east, while the straight line connecting the
magnetic poles does not pass through the center of the Earth but off to one side.
In consequence of the heterogeneous magnetization of the Earth a magnetic
meridian line is not a straight line leading to the magnetic poles, but a very devious line
indeed. And thus a great circle passed through the direction pointed out by a compass
needle at any given place will not pass through the magnetic poles, and the opposite
intersections of two of such circles will not coincide with the magnetic poles.
It is desirable to advert to one more matter before proceeding to give the posi-
tion of the ''magnetic poles." Gauss defined these points as the places of minimum
and of maximum potential, the former being the north magnetic pole. The points so
defined would coincide with those of vertical dip, if no part of the Earth's magnetism
be due to electric currents which pass from the air into the earth and vice versa. It
would seem as though we have some indication that a small part (about 2 or 3 per cent)
of the Earth's magnetic force is to be ascribed to such currents.
Capt. James Clark Ross, in June, 1831, found that the dip of the peedle at a place
whose latitude was 70° 05' 17" north and whose longitude was 96? 45' 48" west of
Greenwich was 89° 59'. 5. The compass needle had lost its directive force at this
point entirely; when suspended by a fiber it would remain in any position in which it
had been placed. This point, reached for the first time by Ross and designated the
" North Magnetic Pole," is situated on Boothia Felix — named in honor of Felix Booth,
who had fitted out the expedition. Owing to the method of determination which Ross
had to employ and the inaccuracy of his instruments, the position found for the
magnetic pole must be regarded as only approximate. To fix the point precisely would
require the magnetic survey of a considerable area, and hence the expenditure of more
time than Ross could afford.
A Norwegian, Mr. Roald Amundsen, is at present planning a north magnetic pole
expedition, which is to set out in the spring of 1903, and is to be equipped for a stay of
four years in the region of the magnetic pole. His magnetic instruments are being
constructed especially for this expedition under the able superintendence of Professor
Neumayer, director of the German Naval Observatory at Hamburg, and Dr. Chree,
superintendent of Kew Observatory, England.
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM.
75
The change in the magnetic inclination — the element principally involved in the
location of the magnetic pole — along a magnetic meridian is in this region about o'.S
to 2' per kilometer, or i' to 3' per mile. It is furthermore probable that the magnetic
pole is at present moving, because of the secular change in the Karth's magnetism in a
northwesterly direction at the rate of about 5-8 kilometers, or 8-13 miles, per year.
It would accordingly seem that with modem instrumental means and methods the
t Jb 1. « )• ^
Fio. J6,-M8po( region around North Magnelfc Pole <Schott, 1890).
location of the magnetic pole, defined as the focus of vertical dip, and its secular motion,
ought to be determinable with sufficient accuracy within the period of the expedition.
Observations of the diurnal variation of the magnetic elements, if possible, of mag-
netic perturbations, polar lights, and atmospheric electricity will be extremely interest-
ing and valuable in this region.
The south magnetic pole has not as yet been reached. From Ross's observations,
made in the antarctic regions while in command of the ship Erebus, Dupertey has deduced
the position of 75" south and 138° east of Greenwich. The nearest approach to the
76 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
south magnetic pole was made by Ross, February 16, 1841, in latitude 76** 20' south
and longitude 165° 32' east, the dip at this place being 88° 35'. Unsurmountable phys-
ical difficulties prevented his getting any nearer.
Duperrey determined the position of the magnetic poles with the aid of his charts
of the magnetic meridians for 1836. (See Fig. 23. ) These meridians do not quite meet
in the same point because of the irregularity in the Earth's magnetization, as already
pointed out; however, the "successive intersection of each pair of contiguous meridians
form a closed curve, the central points of which may be denominated magnetic poles.**
The poles so defined were found to be in 70** north, 98** west, and 75° south and 138®
east. Gauss, in 1838, calculated that the north magnetic pole would be in 73° 35'
north and 93° 39' west, and the south magnetic pole in 72° 35' south and 152° 30'
east. Commander Borchgrevink, who has penetrated the farthest south thus far, claims
that the position of the south magnetic pole, computed (he did not reach the pole) from
his magnetic observations, gives a position agreeing more closely with that of Gauss than
that of Ross. Enough has been given to show, however, that the positions of the mag-
netic poles are not as yet accurately known, and that, furthermore, any position deter-
mined applies only to a particular time.
Magnetic Moment.
The following figures are given to furnish some slight conception of the magnetic
moment of the Earth. Suppose as the unit, a bar magnet of the hardest steel, magnetized
as strongly as possible, which shall be 14 inches long, i inch wide, i % inches thick. Such
a bar magnet would weigh i pound. According to Gauss, it would take the following
number of these bar magnets placed at the Earth's center to produce the same external
effect as the Earth:
8 464 000 000 000 000 000 000.
Or, if we assume that the Earth's magnetism is uniformly distributed throughout the
Earth, then will the magnetic intensity of each cubic yard be equal to six of the
I -pound steel magnets.
To put the same fact in still another form. The radius of a soft iron sphere mag-
netized to saturation and concentric with the Earth, which shall have the same magnetic
effect as that of the Earth, is, according to Overbeck, 243.2 kilometers, or 132.4
geographical mites, or 151 statute miles, or one-twenty-sixth of the Earth's radius.
According to Gray ("Treatise on Magnetism and Electricity," 1898): ** Certain
long bars of steel of comparatively high magnetizability have been found by the author
to take a magnetic moment of about 780 per cubic centimeter (that is, an induction in
the steel of over 10 000, about four and one-half times that taken by Gauss's bar).
Consequently, the magnetic moment of a cubic centimeter of such steel is about ten
times as great as that of a cubic decimeter of the Earth — that is, the mean magnetization
intensity of the Earth's substance is about f trluv of that of very highly magnetized hard
steel. ' '
Fleming says ('* Terrestrial Magnetism," VoL II, p. 58):
** Taken as a whole, the Earth is a feeble magnet. If our globe were wholly made
of steel and magnetized as highly as an ordinary steel-bar magnet, the magnetic forces
at its surface would be at least a hundred times as great as they are now. That might
be an advantage or a very great disadvantage."
PRINCIPAL FACTS OF EARTH'S MAGNETISM. 77
In conclusion, it may be well to point out that the actual distribution and location
of the magnetic masses or systems of electric currents within the Earth's crust which
cause the observed magnetic facts on the globe can not be definitely determined until
observations in sufficient number and of the required accuracy have been made not only
on the surface, but also at various altitudes and depths — in the upper regions and in the
ocean depths. The facts measured and observed simply on the surface can be explained
in an infinite number of ways.
All modem investigations would seem to lead to the conclusion that there exists
both a very deep-seated magnetic field and one confined to a comparatively thin layer,
and that the Earth's total magnetism results from systems of electric currents as well as
from permanent and induced magnetizations.
DETERMINATION OF THE TRUE MERIDIAN AND THE MAGNETIC
DECLINATION.
DETERMINATION OF THE TRUE ' MERIDIAN.
Such methods as can be employed with the means usually at a surveyor's disposal
are described first, and then the method generally used by the magnetic observers of the
Coast and Geodetic Survey is given.
SiMPi^E Methods for Determining the True Meridian by Observations on
Polaris.^
i. — to determine the true meridian by observation on polaris at elonga-
TION WITH A surveyor's TRANSIT.
1. Set a stone, or drive a wooden plug, firmly in the ground and upon the top thereof
make a small distinct mark.
2. About thirty minutes before the time of the eastern or western elongation of
Polaris, as given by the tables of elongation, No. VII, set up the transit firmly, with its
vertical axis exactly over the mark, and carefully level the instrument.
3. Illuminate the cross hairs by the light from a bull's-eye lantern or other source,
the rays being directed into the object end of the telescope by an assistant. Great care
should be taken to see that the line of collimation describes a truly vertical plane.
4. Place the vertical hair upon the star, which, if it has not reached its elongation,
will move to the right for eastern and to the left for western elongation.
5. As the star moves toward elongation, keep it continually covered by the vertical
hair by means of the tangent screw of the vernier plate, until a point is reached where
it will appear to remain on the hair for some time and then leave it in a direction contrary
to its former motion, thus indicating the point of elongation.
6. At the instant the star appears to thread the vertical hair, depress the telescope
to a horizontal position; about 100 yards north of the place of observation drive a wooden
plug, upon which by a strongly illuminated pencil or other slender object, exactly coin-
cident with the vertical hair, mark a point in the line of sight thus determined; then
quickly revolve the vernier plate 180°, again place the vertical hair upon the star, and,
as before, mark a point in the new direction; then the middle point between the two
marks, with the point under the instrument, will define on the ground the trace of the
vertical plane through Polaris at its eastern or western elongation, as the case may be.
7. By daylight lay off to the east or west, as the case may require, the proper azi-
muth taken from the Table No. VIII; the instrument will then define the true meridian^
which may be permanently marked by monuments for future reference.
a In the preparation of this article use has been made of the United States Land Office Manual of
Instructions, Washington, 1896.
79
8o
Tabi^ VII.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
-Local mean {astronomiccd) time of the culminations and elongations of
Polaris in the year igo2,
[Computed for latitude 40° north and longitude 90° or 6^ west of Greenwich.]
rkat'^
Bast elonga-
Upper culmi-
West elonga-
Lower culmi-
l^lilC
tion
nation
tion
nation
1902
h a
h B
b m
h a
January i
January 15
045.8
6 40.6
5 45.3
12 35.3
II 40.0
18 38. 7
17 43.4
23 46.6
February i
22 39.5
438.2
10 32.9
16 36.3
February 15
21 44.2
3 42.9
937.7
15 41.0
March i
20 49.0
2 47.7
8 42.4
14 45.8
March 15
19 54.0
I 52.7
7 47.3
13 50. 7
April I
April 15
18 47.0
17 52.0
45.6
6 40.3
5 45.3
12 43.7
II 48.6
23 46. 7
May I
16 49. I
22 43.8
4 42.5
10 45. 7
May 15
15 54. 2
21 48.9
3 47.6
50.8
June I
14 47.5
20 42.3
2 40.9
8 44.2
June 15
13 52.6
19 47. 4
I 46.0
7 49.3
July I
July 15
12 50.0
II 55.1
18 44.8
17 49-9
043.4
6 46.7
5 51-8
23 44.6
August I
10 48.6
16 43- 4
22 38.0
4 45.3
August 15
9 53.7
15 48.5
21 43. I
3 50.4
September i
8 47.1
14 41.9
20 36. 5
2 43.8
September 15
7 52 2
13 47.0
19 41.6
I 48.9
October i
October 15
6 49-3
5 54.3
12 44.1
II 49.1
18 38. 7
17 43. 7
46.0
23 47. 2
November i
4 47.5
10 42. 3
16 36.9
22 40.4
November 15
3 52.3
9 47.1
15 41.8
21 45.2
December i
2 49.3
8 44.1
14 38.8
20 42. 2
December 15
I 54.0
7 48.8
13 43.6
19 46. 9
A. To refer the above tabular quantities to years subsequent to igo2.
up to March i
on and after March i
For
year 1903 add
I.
4
(add
2.
8
^ subtract i.
I
1905 add
0.
2
1906 "
I.
5
1907 *'
2.
9
1908 "
.4.
0.
2
3
1909 »*
I.
7
1910 **
3.
up to March i
on and after March i
TRUE MERIDIAN AND MAGNETIC DECLINATION. 8l
B. To refer to any calendar day other than the first and fifteenth of each months
SUBTRACT the qtutntities below from the tabular quantity for the PRECEDING DATE.
Day of month
Minutes
No. of days elapsed
2 or i6
3.9
I
3
17
7.9
2
4
i8
II.8
3
5
19
15.8
4
6
20
19.7
5
7
21
23.6
6
8
22
27.6
7
9
23
31- 5
8
lO
24
35.5
9
II
25
39.4
10
12
26
43-3
II
13
27
47.3
12
14
28
51-2
13
29
55.2
14
30
59.1
15
31
63.0
16
C. To refer the table to Standard time and to the civil or common method of reckoning:
(") Add to the tabular quantities four minutes for every degree of longitude the
place is west of the Standard meridian and subtract when the place is east of
the Standard meridian.
(*) The astronomical day begins twelve hours after the civil day, i. e. , begins at
noon on the civil day of the same date, and is reckoned from o to 24 hours. Conse-
quently an astronomical time less than twelve hours refers to the same civil day,
whereas an astronomical time greater than twelve hours refers to the morning of the
next civil day.
It will be noticed that for the tabular year two eastern elongations occur on
January 12 and two western elongations on July 12. There are also two upper culmi-
nations on April 12 and two lower culminations on October 12. The lower culmination
either follows or precedes the upper culmination by 11** 58".!.
D. To refer to any other than the tabular latitude between the limits of ^5° and 50°
North: Add to the time of west elongation o'^.is for every degree south of 40° and
subtract from the time of west elongation o™.i8 for every degree north of 40°.
Reverse these operations for correcting times of east elongation.
E. To refer to any other than the tabular longitude: Add o". 16 for each 15° east of
the ninetieth meridian and subtract o™. 16 for each 15*^ west of the ninetieth meridian.
27478 — 02 6
82
34AGXEnC DECLINATIOK TABLES FOR 1902.
Table VIII. — Azimuth cf Polaris when at ehngation for any year between 1^2 andipio.
Latitude.
i9r>2.o
/
25^
26
I 2rj.5
21. I
28
21.9
22.6
29
23.4
y
24.2
3'
32
25.1
26.0
33
34
27.0
28.
35
36
29.0
37
3^
31.3
32.6
39
33.9
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
5^*
35.2
3<^.7
3«.2
39.8
41.4
43.2
45. f^
46.9
49- o
51.2
1903.0 1904.0 19P5.0 1906.0 X907.0 190S.0 19^ <^ 1910.0
20. 1
2rj.8
21.5
22.2
23.0
23 9
24.7
25.6
26.6
27.6
28.7
29,8
32-2
33-5
34.8
36.2
37.7
39.3
41.0
42.7
44.6
46.5
48.6
^>'7
f
19. S
21.2
21.9
22.7
23-5
24.4
25.3
26.2
27.2
28.3
29.4
3^-5
31-8
33.1
34.4
35.8
37.3
38.9
40.5
42.3
44.2
46.0
48.1
5t>.2
19.4
20. 1
20.8
21.6
22.4
23.1
24.0
24.9
25.9
26.9
27.9
29.0
30.1
31.4
32.7
34.0
35.4
36.9
38.5
40. 1
41.8
43.7
45.6
47.7
49.8
19. 1
19.8
20.5
21.3
22. 1
22.8
23.6
24.5
25-5
26.5
27.5
28.6
29.7
31.0
32.3
33.6
35- o
36.5
38.1
39.7
41.4
43-2
45-1
47.2
49.3
18.7
19.4
20. I
20.9
21.7
22.4
23.2
24.1
25.1
26.1
27.1
28.2
29.3
30.6
31.8
33.2
34.6
36.0
37.6
39-2
40.9
42.7
44^6
46.7
48.8
18.4
19. 1
19.8
20.5
21.3
22. 1
22.9
23.8
24.7
25-7
26.8
27.9
29.0
30.2
31.4
32.8
34.2
35.6
37-2
38.8
40.5
42.3
44.2
46.3
48.4
iS.
18.
19-
20.
20.
4
I
I 53-5 I 53." I 52.5 I 52.0 I 51.5 I I 51.0 I 50.6
I
21.7
22.5
23.4
24.3
25- 3
26.4
27.5
28.6
29.8
31.0
32.4
33-8 .
35.2 I
36-8 ,
38.4 j
40. 1 I
41.9
43.7 ;
45.8
47.9
1 50- 1
1 17.7
18.4
19. 1
19.8
20.5
21.3
22.2
23- 1
24.0
25.0
26.0
27. 1
28.2
29.4
30.6
32.0
33-4
34.8
36.3
37.9
39-6
41.4
43-3
45-3
47.4
I 49.6
The above table was computed with mean declination of Polaris for each year. A
more accurate result will be had by applying to the tabular values the following cor-
rection, which depends on the difference of the mean and the apparent place of the
star. The deduced azimuth will in general be correct within o'.3.
For Middle of
Correction
/
For Middle of
Correction
/
January,
—0.4
Jiiiy.
4-0.3
February,
-0.3
August,
-ro. I
March,
—0. 2
September,
—0. I
April,
0.
October,
0.3
May,
-t-O. 2
November,
-0.6
June,
0.3
December,
—0.8
II. — TO DETERMINE THE TRUE MERIDIAN BY OBSERVATION ON POLARIS AT ELON-
GATION WITH A PLUMB LINE AND PEEP SIGHT.
I . Attach the plumb line to a support situated as far above the ground as practi-
cable, such as the limb of a tree, a piece of board nailed or otherwise fastened to a
telegraph pole, a house, bam, or other building affording a clear view in a north and
south direction.
TRI/E MERIDIAN AND MAGNETIC DECLINATION. 83
The plumb bob may consist of any weighty material, such as a brick, a piece of
iron or stone, weighing 4 to 5 pounds, which will hold the plumb line straight and
vertical fully as well as one of turned and finished metal.
Strongly illuminate the plumb line jiist below its support by a lamp or candle, care
being taken to obscure the source of light from the \'iew of the obser\'er by an opaque
screen.
For a peep sight, cut a slot about one-sixteenth of an inch wide in a thin piece of
board, or nail two strips of tin, with straight edges, to a square block of wood, so
arranged that they will stand vertical when the block is placed flat on its base upon a
smooth horizontal rest, which will be placed at a convenient height south of the plumb
line and firmly secured in an east and west direction, in such a position that when
viewed through the peep sight Polaris will appear about a foot below the support of
the plumb line.
The position may be determined by trial the night preceding that set for the
observation.
About thirty minutes before the time of elongation, as given in the tables of elon-
gation, bring the peep sight into the same line of sight with the plumb line and Polaris.
To reach elongation the star will move off the plumb line to the east for eastern
elongation, or to the west for western elongation; therefore by moving the peep sight
in the proper direction, east or west, as the case may be, keep the star on the plumb
line until it appears to remain stationary, thus indicating that it has reached its point
of elongation.
The peep sight will now be soured in place by a clamp or weight, and all further
operations will be deferred until the next morning.
4. By daylight place a slender rod at a distance of 200 or 300 feet from the peep
sight and exactly in range with it and the plumb line; carefully measure this distance.
Take from the Table VIII the azimuth of Polaris corresponding to the latitude of
the station and year of observation; find the natural tangent of said azimuth and
multiply it by the distance from the peep sight to the rod; the product will express the
distance to be laid off from the rod exactly at right angles to the direction already
determined (to the west for eastern elongation or to the east for western elongation) to
a point which with the peep sight will define the direction of the true meridian with a
fair degree of accuracy.
III. — TO DETERMINE THE TRUE MERIDIAN BY OBSERVING THE TRANSITS OF POI.ARIS
AND ANOTHER STAR ACROSS THE SAME VERTICAL PLANE.
This simple method for tracing out on the ground a true north and south line, one
demanding only a very slender instrumental outfit, was given in Lalande's Astronomy,
published more than a century ago. It was used by Andrew Ellicott in 1785 in his
boundar>^ survey work of Pennsylvania, and was again brought to notice in the present
century by Dr. Charles Davies. It consists in watching for the time when Polaris and
a given bright star come to the same vertical, and then after a short lapse of time, given
in a table, Polaris will be found exactly on the meridian, and hence can be referred to
the horizon and to any meridian mark placed there.
84
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Great
,^^i-
^ii
Bear
H
\a.
J*olaris
MPoU
€\
«'-
^
CouB^t }petCL
FlO. 27.— The diagram held pcrpendic.
ular to the line of sight directed to the
pole, with the right-hand side of the page
uppermost, will represent the configura-
tion of the constellations with Polaris
near eastern elongation at midnight about
July II. Inverted, it will show Zeta H) of
the Great Bear and Polaris on the meridian
(the former below and the latter above the
pole) at midnight about October 10; and
held with left-hand side uppermost, the
diagram will indicate the relative sit-
uations for midnight about January 8,
with Polaris near tuestern elongation. The
arrows indicate the direction of apparent
motion.
The verticality may be ascertained by a plumb line
or by the vertical thread of a transit instrument; the
method demands neither a graduated circle, nor a
chronometer, nor any exact knowledge of the local
time, an ordinary watch being sufficient to measure
the short tabular interval.
Early in the present centur>' the star Alioth {e Ursae
Majoris) was favorably situated for the use of the
method; however, in 1850 the interval between times
of verticality and of culmination already amounted to
17 minutes, and at the present time has become so large
that this star is no longer suitable. Zeta (C) Ursae
Majoris or Delta (tf ) Cassiopeiae should now be substi-
tuted for it, both these stars being now in very
favorable positions. Zeta (C) Ursae Majoris, or Mizar,
as it was called by the ancient Arabians, is the middle
one of the three stars in the tail of the Great Bear; the
small star near it is Alcor. Delta {d) Cassiopeiae is at
the bottom of the less perfectly formed V of the letter
W, as frequently imagined to unite roughly the five
brightest stars of this constellation.
The diagram (Fig. 27), drawn to scale, exhibits
the principal stars of the constellations Cassiopeia and
Great Bear, with Delta {6) Cassiopeia, Zeta (C) of
the Great Bear, and Polaris on the meridian, represented
by the straight line, Polaris being at Imver culmina-
tion.
In employing this method the following instructions
may be followed:
1. Select that one of the two stars which at the
time of the year when the observation is made passes
the meridian below Polaris. When the star passes the
meridian above the pole it is too near the zenith to be
of service. Delta {S) Cassiopeiae is on the meridian
below Polaris and the pole at midnight about April 10,
and is, therefore, the proper star to use at that date and
for some two or three months before and after. Six
months later the star Zeta (C) Ursae Majoris will supply
its place.
2. Using the apparatus just described under II, place
the * ' peep sight ' ' in the line with the plumb line and
Polaris, and move it to the west as Polaris moves east,
until Polaris and S Cassiopeia, for example, appear upon
the plumb line togethef , and carefully note the time by
a clock or watch; then by moving the peep sight,
preserve the alignment with Polaris and Xh^ plumb line
TRUE MERIDIAN AND MAGNETIC DECLINATION. 85
I
(paying no further attention to the other star) ; at the expiration of the small interval
of time given below the peep sight and plumb line will define the true meridian, which
may be permanently marked for future use.
Annual
increase.
For Zeta (C) Ursae Majoris in 1900 -f-2.6 minutes 0.35 minute.
For Delta (5) Cassiopeise in 1900 -^3.4 ** 0.33 "
The method given in this article for finding the true meridian can not be used with
advantage at places below about 38° north latitude, on account of the haziness of the
atmosphere near the horizon.
The foregoing methods for the determination of the true meridian are excellent
and when available they answer the requirements of the surveyor and give results
with all desirable precision. They do not require an accurate knowledge of the time,
which is their principal advantage. The relative motion of the stars employed in the
third method and the change in direction of motion of Polaris at elongation indicate
with sufficient exactness the moment when the observation should be made. Stormy
weather, a hazy atmosphere, or the presence of clouds may interfere or entirely prevent
observation when the star is either at elongation or on the meridian, and both events
sometimes occur in broad daylight or at an inconvenient hour of the night. Under
such circumstances a simple method applicable at any time (Polaris being visible) is
desirable and can often be used by the surveyor when other methods fail.
IV. — ^TO DETERMINE THE TRUE MERIDIAN BY MEANS OF AN OBSERVATION OF POLARIS
AT ANY HOUR WHEN THE STAR IS VISIBLE, THE CORRECT LOCAL MEAN TIME
BEING KNOWN. «
This method requires a knowledge of the local mean time within one or tw^o
minutes, as in the extreme case when Polaris is at culmination, its azimuth changes
i' (arc) in 2>^ minutes (time). The Standard time can usually be obtained at a
telegraph office from the signals which are sent out from observatories. From this
the local mean time may be derived by subtracting four minutes of time for every
degree of longitude west of the Standard meridian or adding four minutes for every
degree east of the Standard meridian. The local mean time may be obtained also by
observations of the sun, one method being explained later.
The following table, IX, is intended to be used in connection with the American
Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac. The surveyor should read carefully the chapter in
that publication in which the formation and use of the Ephemeris are explained,
especially the portion defining the different kinds of time.
«(/. Appendix No. 10, Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1895.
86 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
The following example explains the use of the table and the derivation of the hour
angle of Polaris:
Position, latitude 36° 20^ N., longitude 80° orj^ 5 or 5** 20" 30* W. of Greenwich.
Time of observation, July 10, 1902, standard (75th mer.) mean time
Reduction to local time
Local mean time
Reduction to sidereal time (Table III, Amer. Ephem. )
Sidereal time mean noon, Greenwich, July 10, 1902
Correction for longitude 5** 20™ 30" (Table III, Amer. Ephem.)
Local sidereal time
Apparent right ascension of Polaris, July 10, 1902
Hour angle before upper culmination
Declination for which Table IX applies
Apparent declination, July 10, 1902
Increase in declination
Azimuth from Table IX (interpolated).
Correction for ot, 9 increase in declination
Computed azimuth o 51 28 East of north.
It is to be remembered that Polaris is east of the meridian for twelve hours before,
and west of the meridian for twelve hours after, upper culmination.
h.
m.
9.
8
52
40 p. m.
—
20
30
8
32
10
+
01
24
7
09
54
+
00
53
15
44
21
I
24
02
/
9
39
41
88 46
88 46.9
+ 0.9
/ //
52 06
-38
TRUE MERIDIAN AND MAGNETIC DECLINATION. 87
Without the American Ephemeris the table may be conveniently used for obtaining
the true meridian, in connection with Table VII giving the approximate mean times of
culminations of Polaris, and the additional knowledge of the fact that the mean decli-
nation of Polaris was 88° 46'. 5 in 1900 and is increasing at the rate of about o'. 3 per
year. Without the use of the Ephemeris the computation would be as follows:
Time of observation, July 10, 1902 standard (75th mer.) mean time
Reduction to local mean time
Ivocal mean time v
Local mean time of upper culmination of Polaris (Table VII)
Mean time of observation before upper culmination
Reduction to sidereal time
Hour angle before upper culmination
Declination for which Table IX applies
Mean declination 1902
Increase in declination
Azimuth from Table IX
Correction for i\ 1 increase in declination
Computed -azimuth o 51 33 East of north.
Tables are generally given in books on surveying for reducing mean solar to sidereal
time, but for this computation it is near enough to consider the correction lo* an hour,
as the stars gain very nearly four minutes on the Sun each day.
h.
m.
s.
8
52
40 p. m.
—
20
30
8
32
10
18
09
42
9
37
32
+
01
35
/
9
39
07
88 46
88 47.1
1. 1
/ tf
t
52 19
-46
88
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table IX. — AzUmdh of Polaris at ajiy hour ayigle.
Correc-
tion for i'
Hour angle
before or
after upper
culmina-
Azimuth of Polaris computed for declination 88° 46'
increase
in decli-
nation of
Polaris
tion
Lati-
tude 30°
I^ti-
tud*3iO
Lati-
tude 32°
Lati-
tude 33°
Lati-
tude 340
Lati-
tude 35°
Lati- Lati- Lati-
tude36o tude37<^ tude38o
Lati-
tude 39°
Lati-
tude 400
Lati-
tude
30°
Lati-
tude
40°
h m
t ft
> tr
' "
t ft
c t 'f
t "
' /' ' ' "
1 ft
/ /'
t "
,,
ft
15
30
45
1 00
I 15
05 40
1 1 18 *
16 53
22 23
27 48
05 43
II 25
17 04
22 38
28 06
05 47
II 33
17 15
22 53
28 25
05 51
II 41
17 27
23 09
28 45
05 55
11 49
17 40
23 26
29 06
06 00
II 58
17 53
23 44
29 28
06 05 06 10
12 08 12 18
18 07 18 22
24 02 1 24 22
29 51 30 15
1
06 15
12 28
iS 38
24 43
30 41
06 20
12 39
18 54
25 04
31 08
06 26 — 5
12 50 — 9
IQ 11 —14
25 27 -i8
31 36 -23
- 5
— 10
-16
—21
-26
I 30
1 45
2 00
2 15
2 30
33 05
3^ 13
043 12
47 5«
52 32
33 26
38 38
43 40
48 29
53 06
33 49
39 04
44 09
49 02
05342
34 13
39 32
44 40
49 36
54 19
34 38
40 00
45 12
50 12
54 59
35 04
40 30
45 46
50 50
55 40
35 31 36 00
41 02 41 35
46 22 47 00
51 29 , 52 11
56 23 57 09
36 31
42 II
47 39
52 55
57 57
37 02
42 47
48 21
53 41
58 47
37 36 -27
43 26 -31
49 04 -35
54 29 -39
59 40 |-43
-31
-36
-40
-45
-49
2 45
3 00
3 15
3 30
3 45
56 52
1 00 58
I 04 47
I 08 19
I II 33
57 29
1 01 37
I 05 28
I 09 02
I 12 iS
58 07
1 02 iS
I 06 12
I 09 48
I 13 06
5S 48
1 03 Ol
I 0658
I 10 3b
I 13 ^
59 30
1 03 46
I 07 46
I II 27
I 14 49
1 00 15
I 04 34
I 08 36
I 12 20
I 15 45
I 01 02
I 05 24
I 09 29
I 13*16
I iS «
I 01 51
I 06 17
I 10 25
I 14 14
I 17 44
I 02 43
I 07 12
I II 2^
I 15 16
I 18 49
I 01 37
I 08 10
I 12 25
I 16 21
I 19 57
I 04 34
I 09 12
I 13 30
I 17 2Q
I 21 oS
-46
-50
-53
-56
-58
-53
-57
-60
-%
4 00
4 15
4 30
4 45
5 00
I 14 28
I 17 04
I 19 19
I 21 14
I 22 48
I 15 15
I 17 52
I 20 09
I 22 05
1 23 40
I 16 05
I 18 44
I 21 02
I 22 59
I 24 35
I 16 57
I 19 37
I 21 57
I 23 55
I 25 32
I 17 52
I 20 34
I 22 55
I H 55
I 26 32
I 18 50
I 21 34
I 23 57
I 25 57
I 27 36
I 19 50
I 22 36
I 25 01
I 27 03
I 28 42
I 2054
I 23 42
I 26 08
I 28 12
I 29 52
I 22 01
I 24 51
I 27 19
I 29 24
I 31 06
I 23 11
I 26 03
I 38 33
I 30 40
I 32 23
I 24 25
I 27 20
I 29 52
I 32 00
I 33 44
-61
-63
z%
-68
-69
-72
-74
5 J5
5 30
5 45
6 00
6 15
I 24 00
I 24 51
I 25 20
1 25 27
I 25 12
I 24 53
I 25 44
I 26 13
I 26 19
I 26 04
I 25 48
I 26 40
I 27 09
I 27 15
I 26 59
I 26 46
I 2738
I 28 07
I 28 14
I 27 57
I 27 47
I 28 39
I 29 09
I 29 15
I 28 59
I 28 51
I 29 44
I 30 14
I 30 20
I 30 03
I 29 59
I 30 52
I 31 21
I 31 27
I 31 10
I 31 09
I 32 03
I 32 33
I 32 39
I 32 21
I 32 24
I 33 18
I 3348
I 33 36
I 33 42
I 34 37
I 35 07
I 35 13
I 34 54
I 35 04 '-69
I 35 59 i-69
I 36 30 , -70
I 36 35 1-70
I 36 16 -69
1
-77
-78
-78
-78
-78
6 30
6 45
7 00
7 15
7 30
I 24 34
I 23 36
I 22 16
1 20 35
1 18 34
I 25 27
I 24 27
I 23 06
I 21 25
I 19 22
I 26 21
I 25 21
I 23 59
I 22 16
I 20 12
I 27 19
I 26 18
I 24 55
I 23 10
I 21 05
I 28 19
I 27 17
I 25 53
I 24 08
I 22 00
I 29 23
I 28 20
I 26 55
I 25 S
I 22 59
I 30 30
I 29 26
I 27 59
I 26 II
I 24 00
I 31 40
I 30 35
I 29 07
I 27 17
1 25 04
I 32 54
I 31 48
I 30 18
I 28 26
I 26 12
I 34 II
I 33 04
I 31 33
I 29 39
I 27 23
I 35 32
1 34 24
I 32 52
I 30 56
I 28 38
-68
-67
-66
-65
-64
-75
-73
-72
Z^5
8 00
8 30
845
I 16 13
I 13 33
I 10 34
1 07 17
I 03 43
I 16 59
1 14 17
I II 16
I 07 57
I 04 22
I 17 48
I 15 Q4
I 12 01
I 08 40
I 05 02
I 18 39
I 15 53
I 12 48
I 09 25
I 05 44
I 19 33
I 1645
I 13 37
I 10 12
I 06 29
I 30 29
I 17 39
I 14 29
I II 01
I 07 15
I 21 28
I 18 36
I 15 24
I II 53
I 08 04
I 22 30
I 19 36
I 16 21
I 12 48
I 08 56
I 23 36
I 20 39
I 17 22
I 13 45
I 09 50
I 24 45
I 21 45
I 18 25
I 14 45
1. 10 47
I 25 57
I 22 54
I 19 31
I 1548
I II 47
-62
-60
-57
-54
-51
-64
-61
-58
9 00
9 15
9 30
9 45
10 00
59 54
55 49
51 31
46 59
42 16
I 00 30
56 23
52 01
47 27
42 42
I 01 07
56 58
52 34
47 57
43 08
I 01 47
057 34
53 08
48 28
43 36
I 02 29
058 13
53 43
49 00
44 05
I 03 12
058 54
54 21
49 34
44 35
I 0358
59 37
55 00
50 10
45 08
I 04 47
I 00 22
55 42
50 48
45 42
I 05 38
I 01 09
56 25
51 27
46 17
I 06 31
I 01 59
057 II
52 09
46 54
I 07 27
I 02 51
057 59
052 53
047 34
-48 ' -54
-45 i -50
—42 ' —46
-38 -42
-34 -38
10 15
10 30
10 45
11 00
" 15
37 23
32 20
2709
21 51
16 28
37 45
32 39
27 25
22 04
16 38
38 08
0^2 59
27 42
22 18
16 48
38 33
33 20
28 00
22 32
16 59
38 59
° 33 43
28 18
22 47
17 10
39 26
34 06
28 38
23 03
17 22
39 54.
34 30
28 59
23 19
17 35
40 24
34 57
29 ao
23 37
17 48
4055
35 24
29 43
23 55
18 02
41 28
35 52
30 07
24 lA
18 16
42 03
36 22
30 32
24 35
18 31
-30
-26
—22
-18
-13
-34
-29
-24
—20
-15
II 30
11 45
II 01
005 31
II oS
05 34
II 14
^ 05 38
II 22
05 42
II 29
05 45
II 37
05 49
II 46
OS 53
II 54
005 58
12 04
06 02
12 13
06 07
12 23 - 9
06 12 — 4
— 10
- 5
Blon^tion:
Azimuth
I 25 27
I 2t 20
1
1
I 27 16
I 2S 14
I 29 16
•
I 30 20
I 31 28
I 32 40
I 33 55
I 35 14
1
I 36 36 -69
-78
Hour angle
h ri s
5 57 09
1
h m s
' 5 57 02
h m s
5 56 55
h m s
55648
h m s
5 56 40
h m s
5 56 33
h m s
5 56 25
h m s
5 56 17
h m s
5 56 09
h m s
5 56 00
h m s s
5 55 52 +2
s
+ 3
TRUE MERIDIAN AND MAGNETIC DECLINATION
89
Table IX. — Azimuth 0/ Polaris at auy hour a;2^/^- —Concluded.
1
Correc-
tion for i'
Hour angle
before or
after upper
culmina-
Azimuth of Polaris computed for declination 88°
46'
increase
in decli-
nation of
Polaris
tion
Lati-
ttide ifp
Lati-
tudc 41°
lati-
tude 42°
Lati-
tuce 43°
1
Lati-
tude 443
Lati-
tude 45°
Lati-
tude 460
Lati-
tude 470
Lati-
tude 48<='
Lati-
tude 49"
lati-
tude 500
r.ati-
tude
40°
n
lati-
tude
50°
h m
» //
1 n
' /.•
t n \
1 n
' t'
f ff
/ //
' ff
/ w
Off
fr
15
30
45
1 00
I 15
06 36
12 50
19 II
25 27
31 36
06 32
13 03
19 30
25 51
32 05
06 59
13 15 .
19 4S
26 16
32 36
06 45
13 29
20 08
26 43
33 09
06 52
13 43
20 29
27 10
33 44
07 00
13 58
20 52
27 40
34 21
07 oS
14 13
21 15
28 II
34 59
07 16
14 30
21 40
28 44
35 40
07 25
14 48
22 06
29 18
36 23
07 34
15 06
22 33
29 5=)
37 o>>
07 44 - 5
15 25 ,-io
23 02 I-16
30 33 '-21
37 5^ I--26
-- 6
-13
-19
-25
- 32
I 30
1 45
a 00
2 15
2 30
37 36
43 26
49 04
54 29
059 40
3S 11
44 07
49 50
55 20
1 00 35
38 48
44 50
50 39
56 14
1 01 34
39 27
45 35
51 29 '
57 10 ,
1 02 36 1
40 09 ,
46 32
52 23
58 10
I 03 41
40 52
47 12
53 19
59 12
1 04 49
41 38
48 05
54 19
1 00 18
I 06 01
42 26
49 01
55 22
1 01 28
I 07 17
43 17
49 59
56 28
1 02 41
I oS 38
44 II
SI 02
57 38
1 03 59
I 10 03
4S 08 -31 -38
52 07 -36 -43
5^* 52 -40 -49
1 05 21 -45 -54
I II 32 1-49 -59
1
2 45
3 oo
3 »5
3 30
3 45
I 04 34
I 09 12
I 13 3'J
I 17 29
I 21 oS
1
I 05 34
I 10 16
I 14 3^
I 18 41
I 22 23
I 06 38
I 11 24
I 15 50
I 19 57
I 23 42
I 07 4.1
I 12 35
I 17 06
I 31 16
I 25 04
I 08 54
I 13 50
I 18 25
I 22 39
I 26 32 j
I 10 08
1 15 09
I 19 49
I 24 08
I 28 04
I II 26
I 16 32
I 21 17
I 25 40
I 2941
I 12 48
I 18 00
I 22 50
1 27 18
2 31 23
I 14 15
I 19 33
I 24 39
I 29 02
I 33 II
I 15 47
I 21 II
I 26 13
I 30 51
I 35 05
I 17 24 -53
I 22 54 -57
I 28 02 —60
I 32 46 -63
I 37 06 -66
-64
-68
--72
--t
4 00
4 15
4 30
4 45
5 00
' 1 24 2S
I 27 20
I 29 52
' I 32 00
1 I 33 44
I 25 43
I 28 40
I 31 14
I 33 24
I 35 10
I 27 05
I 30 04
I 32 41
I 34 53
I 36 40
I 28 31
I 31 33
I 34 12
I 36 25
I 38 14
I 30 01
I 33 07
I 35 4"^
1 2^ 04
I 39 54
I 31 37
I 34 45
I 37 29
I 39 47
I 41 3»
I 33 17
I 36 29
I 39 15
I 41 35
1 I 43 29
I 35 03
I 38 18
I 41 08
I 43 30
1 45 25
I 36 55
I 40 U
I 43 06
I 45 31
I 47 28
I 38 54
I 42 16
I 45 II
I 47 39
I 49 38
I 40 59 -69
I 44 25 -72
1 47 24 -74
I 49 54 -75 '
I 51 55 -7^
- 88
-90
-91
5 15
5 30
5 45
6 00
615
I 35 04
I 35 59
I 36 30
I 36 3S
I 36 li
I 36 30
I 37 26
» 37 57
I 38 02
I 37 43
I 38 02
I 3858
I 39 29
I 39 34
I 39 14
I 39 37
I 40 34
I 41 05
I 41 10
I 40 49
I 41 iH
I 42 16
I 42 47
I 42 51
I 42 30
I 43 04
I 44 02
I 44 34
1 44 38
I 44 16
I 44 55
I 46 26
I 46 31
I 46 08
I 46 53
I 47 53
I 48 35
I 48 29
I 48 05
I 48 57
1 49 58
I 50 30
1 50 34
I 50 10
I 51 08
I 53 10
I 52 43
I 52 46
I 52 21
I 53 27
I 54 30
I 55 03
I 55 06
1 54 40
-78
-78
-78
-92
-93
-94
—93
-93
6 30
6 45
7 00
7 15
7 30
' I 35 32
I 34 24
I 32 52
I 30 5^
I 28 38
I 36 5«
I 35 4-^^
1 34 >5
I 32 17
I 29 56
I 38 28
I 37 17
I 35 42
I 33 42
I 31 19
I 40 03
I 3>^ 50
I 37 13
I 35 M
I 32 46
I 41 42
I 40 2h
I 3X 49
I 36 45
I 34 17
I 43 27
I 42 12
I 40 31
I 38 24
I 35 53
I 45 18
I 44 01
I 42 18
I 40 09
I 37 35
I 47 14
I 45 56
I 44 10
I 41 59
I 39 21
I 49 17
I 47 56
I 46 09
I 43 5^
I 41 14
I 51 27
I 50 04
I 48 14
I 45 57
I 43 13
I 53 44
I 52 20
I 50 37
I 48 06
I 45 19
-75
73
-72
-92
-91
=^
-8c
7 45
8 00
"^ 15
<; 30
S45
I 25 57
I 22 54
I 19 31
1 15 4^
I 11 47
I 27 13
I 24 07
I 20 41
1 16 5S
I 12 49
1 2833
I 25 24
I 21 55
I iS 05
I 13 55
I 29 56
1 26 45
I 23 12
I 19 18
I 15 05
I 31 2«;
I 28 10
1 24 33
I 20 3S
I 16 18
I 32 58
1 29 40
1 25 59
1 21 57
I 17 35
I 34 36
I 31 14
I 27 29
1 23 23
I i^ 56
I 36 19
I 32 53
I 39 04
1 24 53
I 30 21
I ^8 oS
I 34 38
1 30 44
I 26 28
I 21 51
I 40 03
I 3629
I 32 30
I 28 09
I 23 26
1 42 05
I 38 26
1 34 23
I 29 55
1 35 07
-69
-66
-64
-61
-58
-82
-79
-76
-72
-68
9 00
9 15
9 50
9 45
10 00
. I 07 27
I 02 51
57 59
52 53
047 34
I 08 26
I o^ 45
58 49
53 39
48 15
I 09 28
I 04 43
59 42
54 27
04S58
I 10 33
I 05 43
I 00 3h
55 1^
49 44
I II 41
I 06 47
I 01 37
56 II
50 32
I 12 54
I 07 54
I 02 3S
57 07
51 22
1
I 14 10
1 09 05
, I oi 44
58 07
52 16
I 15 30
I 10 19
, I 04 52
059 09
1 53 12
I 16 54
1 11 3"^
1 06 04
I 00 15
54 II
I 18 23
I 13 01
I 07 21
I 01 24
055 13
I 19 57
I 14 28
I 08 41
I 03 38
56 19
-54
-50
-46
-42
-38
-64
-59
-55
-50
-45
10 15
10 30
10 45
11 00
II 15
42 03
36 22
30 32
24 35
18 31
42 39
36 53
30 5*^
24 56
18 47
43 18 43 58
37 26 38 01
31 26 31 55
25 18 25 42
19 04 19 22
44 40
3S 3«
32 26
26 06
19 40
45 25
39 16
32 5**
26 32
20 00
46 12
39 57
33 32
27 00
ao ao
47 01
40 40
34 08
1 27 28
30 42
47 53
41 25
34 46
27 59
21 05
48 49
42 12
35 25
28 31
21 29
49 47 -34
43 03 -39
36 08 —24
29 05 —20
21 55 -15
-40
-34
-29
-i^
II 30
" 45
12 23
06 12
12 34
06 18
12 45 12 57
06 23 06 29
13 09
06 36
13 23
06 42
13 36
06 49
13 51
06 56
14 06
07 04
14 32
, 07 13
14 39 —10
07 21 - 5
— 12
- 6
Blon^ation:
Azimuth
I 36 36
1 S'"' 03
1 :o 35 ; I 41 n
I 42 :.3
I 44 40
I 46 32
1 I 48 31
I 50 35
I 52 48
I 5508
1
-78
-93
h m s
h 1:1 s
h 111 s h m r
h m s
h m s
h m s
h fii s
h m 8
h ni H
h ra s
1
s s
Hour angle
5 55 5-
5 55 43
5 55 34 5 55 24
5 53 1 4
5 55 04
5 54 53
1
5 54 42
5 54 31
5 54 20
5 54 07 -H 3 +5
90
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Determination of the True Meridian and L,ocal Mean Time by Means of
Observations on the Sun.
The following method is the one usually employed to determine the true meridian
in connection with the magnetic obser\^ations of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. It
involves more computing than those already described, but is more convenient in that
it is available for use during daylight when the magnetic observations are in progress.
In connection with the time signals sent out by telegraph from observatories it
furnishes the means also of determining approximately the longitude of the place of
observation. It requires a theodolite with graduated vertical circle and a prismatic
eyepiece for observing the Sun, and a well-regulated timepiece. The observations at
a place usually coi^ist of four independent sets of observations, two in the morning
and two in the afternoon, each set consisting of four pointings on the Sun and two
pointings on a reference mark symmetrically arranged as in the following example.
For each pointing on the Sun the time is noted, and both horizontal and vertical circles
are read. Observations are made from two to four hours from noon, and at nearly the
same altitudes morning and afternoon. The reference mark should be a well-defined
object nearly in the horizon and at least 100 yards distant.
The instrument (see Figure 28) used in the following observations has a glass
diaphragm on which is ruled one horizontal and one vertical line. The symbols in the
first column indicate the limbs of the Sun which were brought tangent to the lines of
the diaphragm at the recorded time. The vertical circle is so graduated that it gives
altitudes in one position and zenith distances in the other. The readings in the latter
case have been subtracted from 90° when filling in the last column. The verniers allow
readings on the horizontal and on the vertical circle to be made to minutes, half minutes
being estimated.
A. M, observations of Sun for azimuth and time.
Station, Paducah, Ky.
Theodolite of Mag'r No. 19.
Chronometer, Bond No. L75.
Date, Tuesday, July 2, 1901.
Observer, W. W.
Temperature, 32°. 2.
Sun's
V. c.
Chronometer
time
Horizontal circle
Vertical circle
limb
A
B
Mean
A ] B
Mean
/
t
'
1
r
Mark
h m s
352 39- 5
172 37.0
37.5
36.0
352 38. 5
36.5
t
/
/
£1
h
L
R
R
9 35 15
36 10
37 40
3847
291 41.0
291 49.5
112 47.0
112 57.0
39.5
48.5
44.0
56.0
III 40. 2
111 49.0
112 45.5
112 56.5
44 17-
44 29.0
44 48.0
44 35.0
18.0
29.0
49.5
36.5
44 17.50
44 29.00
45 11.25
45 24. 25
Means
9 36 58.0
112 17.8
1
Refr. and Par.
44 50. 50
—0.78
•J
d
R
R
L
L
ms
9 39 46
40 49
42 20
43 24
113 07.0
113 16.0
292 50.0
292 60.0
05.5
18.0
48.0
58.5
113 06. 2
113 17.0
112 49.0
112 59.2
44 23.0
44 10.5
45 41. 5
45 54.0
25.0
12.0
42.0
55.0
45 36.00
45 48. 75
45 41.75
45 54.50
Mes
9 41 34. 8
113 02.8
Refr. and Par.
45 45. 25
- .76
R
•
Mark
172 38.0
352 40.0
37.5
38.0
352 37. 8
39.0
352 37. 9
TRUE MERIDIAN AND MAGNETIC DECLINATION.
91
/*. M, observations of Sun for azimuth and time.
Station, Paducah, Ky.
Theodolite of Mag'r No. 19.
Chronometer, Bond No. 175.
Date, Tuesday, July 2, 1901.
Observer, W. W.
Temperature, 36. °8.
San'8
1
v.c.
Chronometer
time
Horizontal circle
Vertical circle
limb
A
B
Mean
A
B
t
14.0
03.0
47.0
04.5
Par.
56.0
10.0
08.0
53.5
I Par.
Mean
1
R
L
Iv
I.
R
R
ins
R
R
L
L
ins
L
R
Mark
h m s
4 21 28
22 26
23 45
25 04
t
112 20.5
2C2 20. 5
226 01.
226 10.0
45 32.0
45 45.0
47 17.0
47 25.0
228 28.0
228 38.0
292 21.0
112 21.0
19.0
19.0
01.
II.
35.0
48.0
14.5
27.0
26.0
37.5
19.5
19.5
'
112 19. 8
19.8
•
46 01.
46 10.5
45 33- 5
45 46.5
/
44 13.5
44 02.0
45 49-
46 03.
Refr. an^
47 53-
48 07. 5
41 07.0
40 53-
Refr. anc
1
'
44 13- 75
44 02. 50
44 12.00
43 56. 25
Mes
Q
4 23 10.8
4 34 24
35 36
37 12
38 19
45 52. 9
47 15.8
47 26.0
48 27.0
48 37. 8
44 06. 12
■79
42 05. 50
41 51.25
41 07. 50
40 53- 25
Met
4 36 22. 8
Mark
47 56. 6
112 20. 2
20. 2
41 29.38
-.89
112 20.0
For cx)mputing these observ^ations one requires a five-place table of logarithms of
trigonometric functions and .the American Ephemeris, or U. S. Hydrographic Office
Publication No. 118, which gives the Sun's apparent declination and the equation of
time. For correcting the observed altitude of the Sun for parallax and refraction, the
following convenient table has been prepared, giving the combined correction for differ-
ent altitudes and temperatures, to be subtracted from the observed altitude:
Tabi,e X. — Correction to observed altitude of the Sun for refraction and parallax.
Temperature
App't
Alt
App't
AU.
10° C.
-5**C.
o°C.
/
+5°C.
+io« C.
+15° c.
-h20°C.
-25° C.
+30° c.
+35° C.
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
10
5.52
5.42
5.30
5.20
5. 10
5.00
4.92
4.83
4.75
4.67
10
II
5.02
4.92
4.82
4.73
4.63
4.55
4.47
4.38
4.32
4.23
11
12
4.60
4.50
4.42
4.33
4.25
4.17
4. 10
4.03
3.97
3.88
12
13
4.23
4.15
4.07
4.00
3.92
3.85
3.78
3.72
3.65
3.58
13
14
3- 92
3.83
3.77
3- 70
3.62
3.55
3-50
3.45
3.37
3.32
14
15
3-65
3.58
3.50
3.43
3.37
3.32
3- 25
3.20
3-13
3.08
15
16
3.43
3.35
3.30
3.23
3.17
3.12
3-07
3.00
2.95
2.90
16
^l
3.22
3.15
3- 10
3.03
2.98
2.92
2.88
2.82
2.77
2.72
17
18
3.02
2.95
2.90
2.85
2.80
2.73
2. 70
2.65
2. 60
2.55
18
19
2.83
2.78
2.73
2.68
2.63
2.58
2.53
2.48
2.43
2.40
19
92
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table X. — Correction to observed altitude of the Sun for refraction and parallax — Concl'd.
Temperature.
App't
Alt.
_ — .
App»t
Alt.
-io°C.
-5°C.
o°C.
+5°C.
-Lio°C.
^15° c.
-f20°C.
-h25*>C.
^30° c.
+35^ C.
/
f
f
/
f
/
/
/
/
20
2.68
2.63
2.58
2.53
2.48
2.43
2.38
2.33
2.30
2. 27
20
21
2.53
2.48
2.43
2.38
2.35
2.30
2. 27
2. 22
.2.17
2.13
21
22
2.38
2.35
2.30
2.25
2. 22
2. 18
2.13
2.08
2.05
2.02
22
23
2.28
2.25
2. 20
2.15
2. 12
2.08
2.03
1.98
1-95
1.93
23
24
2. 17
2.13
2.08
2.05
2.02
1.98
1.93
1.88
1.87
1.83
24
25
2.07
2.03
1.98
1-95
1.92
1.88
1.83
1.80
1.77
1-75
25
26
1.99
1-95
1.90
1.87
1.83
1.80
1-75
I. 72
I. 70
1.67
26
27
1.88
1.85
1.82
1.78
1.75
1.72
1.68
1.63
1.62
1.60
27
28
1.80
1.77
1.72
I. 70
1.67
1.63
1.60
1.57
1-53
1.52
28
29
1.72
1.68
1.65
1.63
1.60
1.57
1.53
1.50
1-47
1.46
29
30
1.65
1.62
1.58
•
1.57
1.53
1.50
1.47
1-45
1.42
1.40
30
32
1.53
1.50
1.47
1-45
1.42
1.38
1.35
1.33
I- 30
1.28
32
34
1. 41
1.37
1-35
1.32
1.30
1.27
1.23
1-23
1.20
1. 18
34
36
1.30
1.27
1.25
1.22
1.20
1. 18
1. 15
1. 13
1. 10
1.08
36
38
1.20
1. 18
1. 15
I. 13
1. 12
1. 10
1.07
1.05
1.02
1.02
38
40
I. II
1. 10
1.07
1.05
1.03
1.02
0.98
0.97
0.95
0.93
40
42
1.03
1. 00
0.9S.
0.97
0.95
0.93
0.90
0.88
0.87
0.87
42
44
0.96
0.93
0.92
0.90
0.88
0.87
0.85
0.83
0.82
0.80
44
46
0.89
0.88
0.87
0.85
0.83
0.82
0.80
0.78
0.77
0-75
46
48
0.83
0.82
0.80
0.78
0.77
0.75
0.73
0.72
0. 70
0.68
48
50
0.77
0.75
0.73
0.72
0. 70
0.68
0.67
0.67
0.65
0.63
50
55
0.63
0.62
0.60
0.60
0.58
0.57
0.57
0.55
0.53
0.52
55
60
0.52
0.52
0.50
0.50
0.48
0.47
0.47
0.45
0.45
0.43
60
65
0.42
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.38
0.38
0.37
0-37
0.35
0.33
65
70
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.27
70
75
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.22
0. 22
0. 22
0. 20
0. 20
0. 20
0.18
75
80
0.15
0.15
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0. 12
0. 12
0. 12
80
85
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.05
0.05
0.05
85
90
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0. 00
0.00
0.00
9?
The formulae used in computing the azimuth and local mean time from observations
of the Sun made in the manner just described are the following:
ctn« J^ ^ = -
sin (^s—(p) sin (^s—K)
tan V-i t=
cos s cos {s—p)
=sec s sec (s—p) sin (s—h) sin (s—<p)
sin (s—k) sec (s—p)
ctn yi A
^= azimuth of Sun, east of south in the morning, west of south in the afternoon.
<p= latitude of the place.
A = altitude of the Sun corrected for refraction and parallax in altitude.
/= Polar distance of the Sun, at the time of observation, taken from the American
Ephemeris, or H. O. Publication No. 118.
s^y2 {h+<p+p),
/=The hour angle of the Sun or apparent time of observation expressed in arc.
By combining the azimuth of the Sun with the angle between the Sun and mark,
the azimuth of the mark may be obtained. This is counted from 0° to 360° from south
TRUE MERIDIAN AND MAGNETIC DECLINATION.
93
around by west. When the azimuth of the mark is known the true meridian may be
laid off at any time by turning off the proper angle.
The apparent time of observation must be corrected for equation of time (taken
from the Ephemeris), in order to obtain the local mean time. The following is a
convenient form of computation:
Specimen computation of azimuth and longitude.
Date
Tuesday, July 2, 1901
o /
/
/
1
/
h
44 49-7
45 44.5
44 05.3
41 28.5 '
37 036
37 03-6
37 036
37 03.6
P
2 S
S
66 55.5
66 55-5
66 56.7
66 56.8
145 28. 9
14S 48. 8
149 43-6
148 05. 6
•
74 02 . 8
74 24.4
74 51.8
72 44.4
s-p
7 28.9
7 56.3
7 06. I
5 47.6
s—h
29 34.7
29 07.3
29 57.5
31 15.9
log sec s
37 20. 8
37 48.2
36 59.2
35 40.8
0. 57056
0. 58316
0.56090
0. 52767
'• sec (5—/)
0.00371
0. 00418
0. 00334
0. 00222
" sin(j h)
9- 69339
9. 68723
9.69842
9. 71516
'* sin(j— (p)
** ctn» }i A
*' ctn yi A
9. 78293
9.78743
9 77933
9. 76586
0. 05059
0.06200
0. 04199
0. 01091
0. 02530
0. 03100
0. 02100
0. 00546
/
/
/
/
A from South
86 39.8
85 54.8
87 13.8
89 16.8
Circle read.;
112 17.8
1 13 02. 8
45 52.9
47 56.6
S. Mer. "
198 57.6
19S 57.6
318 39-1
318 39.8
Mark "
352 37.9
352 37.9
112 20.0
112 20.
Az. of Mark
1 153 40.3
153 40.3
1 153 40.9
153 40.2
Mean
: 153 40.4
9. 69141
log sec (5-/) sin (5-^ )
9. 69710
9.70176
9.71738
" tan K ^
9.67180
9. 66041
9. 68076
9. 71 192
/ in arc
50° 19' 00'''
49° 10^ \if^
51° 13' 57'^
540 30^ 32^/
h m s
h m s
h m s
h m s
t
—3 21 16.0
—3 16 40.8
3 24 55- 8
3 38 02. 1
E
3 40.2
3 40. 2
3 43.4
3 43.5
Local M. T.
8 42 24. 2
8 46 59- 4
3 28 39. 2
3 41 45. 6
Chron. time
9 36 58.
9 41 34. 8
4 23 10.8
4 36 22. 8
At on L. M. T.
54 33. 8
- 54 35. 4
54 31-6
- 54 37. 2
At on 75 M. T.
AX
6.8
6.8
6.9
6.9
54 30. 3
54 27.0
54 28. 6
54 24. 7
Mean
54 27. 6
= 13^36^9
A=
88° 36^9
94 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
DETERMINATION OF THE MAGNETIC DECLINATION.
A. — With an Ordinary Compass or Surveyor's Transit.
When the surveyor determines the value of the magnetic declination himself it
would be well for him to make the observations on several days, if possible, and prob-
ably the best time of the day would be toward evening, about 5 or 6 o'clock. At this
time the declination reaches, approximately, its mean value for the day and is almost
stationary. (See Tables III and IV.) Between 10 and n a. m. the declination also
reaches its mean value, but it changes more rapidly than at 5 or 6 o'clock in the evening.
The observations on any one day should extend at least over one-half of an hour,
preferably an hour, and the readings should be taken every ten minutes. Before each
reading of the needle it would be well to tap** the glass lightly with the finger or a
pencil, so as to slightly disturb the needle from the position of rest it may have
assumed. The accurate time should be noted opposite each reading and a note entered
in the record book as to date, the weather, and the kind of time the observer's watch
was keeping. A brief description of station and of method employed in determining the
meridian line and declination should be added to the record.
Of course the instrument should be put in good adjustment and in first-class con-
dition in every respect beforehand, and the readings should be made in such a manner
as to eliminate any outstanding error of eccentricity, whether due to pivot of needle not
being exactly over center of graduated circle, or to the needle being bent or the line of
sight not passing through the zero points of the circle. In addition, it is very desirable
that the surveyor should have some knowledge as to any constant error his instrument
may be subject to, due to whatever cause, e. g., imperfect elimination of errors of
adjustment or to the fact that the metal of the various parts may not be entirely free of
traces of iron, or that the magnetic axis of the needle may not coincide with its geo-
metric axis, etc. He can determine his constant error by making observations at one of
the magnetic survey stations, or, better still, compare his instrument with a standard
magnetometer or transit when opportunity affords. It wotdd not be amiss to determine
the compass correction before and after the determination of the magnetic declination.*
If these precautions are taken it is possible to determine the magnetic declination
with a good transit with all needful accuracy. With special care results that will com-
pare very favorably with those obtained by more elaborate instruments can be reached.
B. — With a Magnetometer.^
Special instruments, termed magnetometers, have been devised for determining
accurately and expeditiously the magnetic declination and the intensity of the mag-
netic force. The essential feature of all is a cylindrical (or octagonal) bar magnet,
« Great care must be taken not to produce static electric charges by rubbing the glass plate in any
manner. Remarkable deflections of the needle can thus be produced.
& Surveyor's compasses have been found to differ at times as much as |^° to 1° from the readings
with the Coast and Geodetic Survey magnetometers.
^ For a further description of methods and instruments, the reader is referred to the special paper
giving directions for measurements in terrestrial magnetism, Appendix 8, Coast and Geodetic Survey
Rep>ort for 1881 ; a new edition is now in preparation. The present purpose is simply to give a specimen
of the general method employed without going into great detail.
SURVEY MAGNETOMETER.
TRUE MERIDIAN AND MAGNETIC DECLINATION. 95
suspended by two or three silk fibers and capable of being inverted in its stirrup,
the magnet taking the place of the magnetic needle in the ordinary surveyor's compass.
The fiber suspension avoids the friction incident to the use of a pivot, and by
making part of the observations with magnet erect and part with magnet inverted it is
possible to eliminate the error arising from lack of coincidence of the magnetic and
geometric axes.
The form of magnetometer which has been in general use by the Coast and Geodetic
Survey is shown in Fig. 28. It is really a combination of magnetometer and theodolite.
The latter, shown at the right of the figure, can be quickly mounted in place of the
magnetometer and is used for determining the true meridian, as explained in the pre-
ceding pages, and the longitude and latitude. The magnetometer is shown in position
for observing declination, except that one side of the magnet box has been removed to
show the manner of suspending the magpniet. The magnet used in this instrument is an
octagonal hollow steel bar about 3 inches long and half an inch in diameter. The
south end is closed by a plane glass on which has been etched a graduated scale divided
into two minute spaces (o. i of a division being estimated), while in the north end is a
collimating lens so arranged that when the small reading telescope is focused on a dis-
tant object the graduated scale will be in focus also. The magnet is supported in a
brass stirrup consisting of three rings joined to a shank about an inch long. In the
upper end of this shank is an eye to which one end of the silk fibers is fastened.
The other end of the fibers is fastened to a suitable arrangement at the top of the glass
suspension tube, by means of which the magnet may be raised to the level of the
obsendng telescope. Light to illuminate the scale of the magnet is admitted through
a hole in the south end of the magnet house, with the aid of an adjustable mirror, if
necessar}'. The north end of the magnet box is connected with the object end of the
reading telescope by means of a hood of dark cloth, so that no glass comes between the
objective and the magnet and air currents are excluded by the hood. The wooden
sides of the magnet box may be removed to permit the necessary manipulation of the
magnet. The long shank of the stirrup obviates the necessity of having a weight on
the south end of the magnet to counterbalance the dip of the north end. When not in
use the magnet is kept in a wooden case with its north end down, so that the effect of
the Earth's magnetism may be rather to increase than decrease the strength of the
magnet and thus assist in overcoming the gradual loss of the magnetic strength with
time; the stirrup is fastened to a hook in the top of the magnet box to prevent the
fibers from becoming twisted or broken.
The determination of the magnetic declination consists of two parts; first, the
determination of the true meridian as described in the preceding pages, and second, the
determination of the magnetic meridian. The method of performing the second opera-
tion with the above-described instrument is as follows: Mount the magnetometer,
which is supposed to have been put in good adjustment, and level carefully by means of
the striding level. Place the magnetometer so that sides of box will be parallel approxi-
mately to the magnetic meridian. Suspend the torsion weight (a sohd brass cyHnder of
the same weight as the magnet) and replace, if need be, the wooden sides of the magnet
box with others of glass. Watch the vdbration of this weight and turn the torsion head
at the top of the suspension tube until the torsion weight hangs parallel to the sides of
the magnet box. The suspension fibers are then free from twist. Remove the torsion
g6 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
weight, open the glass window at the south end of the magnet box, and point upon the
object selected as a reference mark in the observations to determine the true meridian.
Read the two verniers of the horizontal circle and enter readings in the record. Then
close the window again, turn the instrument until the telescope points approximately
south (magnetic), suspend the magnet with its scale erect, raise it to the level of the
reading telescope, and put back the wooden sides of the magnet box. Next turn the
instrument until the division of the scale nearest to the reading of the magnetic axis
coincides approximately with the vertical line in the diaphragm of the reading tele-
scope, clamp the horizontal circle, and read both verniers. Check the \4brations of the
magnet by means of a bit of steel or iron until the magnet swings over 1-2 divisions of
the scale, and take the extreme readings of the scale of the swinging magnet several
times at minute intervals, recording also the time. The magnet is now turned upside
down in the stirrup so that the scale appears inverted. It is here that the great con-
venience of an octagonal magnet becomes apparent, as it is possible at once to place the
magnet in the stirrup in either the erect or inverted position, whereas with a round
magnet in the older forms of instruments several trials are usually necessary." With-
out changing the reading of the horizontal circle take several more readings of the scale
of the magnet at minute intervals. Then return the magnet to the erect position and
make several more scale readings. Read the horizontal circle to see that no change has
taken place, remove the magnet, and conclude the set of observations by pointing on the
reference mark. In general it will be found that the erect and inverted scale readings
differ by several scale divisions owing to the noncoincidence of the magnetic and geo-
metric axes of the magnet. The mean of the two gives the division of the scale corre-
sponding to the magnetic axis, and we can then reduce the reading of the horizontal
circle when pointing on the recorded scale division to what it would have been had we
pointed parallel to the magnetic axis. Increasing scale readings, '* magnet erect,'*
correspond to decreasing circle readings.
The value in arc of one division of the scale is easily found b}' pointing on successive
5 or 10 division marks and noting the corresponding readings of the horizontal circle.
In this particular instrument one division equals 2'.
The following example shows the form of record and computation. The azimuth
of the mark and the reduction to local mean were obtained from the azimuth observa-
tions reproduced on pages 90 to 93. The diurnal variation or correction to reduce to
mean of day was obtained from results of continuous observ^ations at the magnetic
observatory at Baldwin, Kans. In the absence of such results, an approximate correc-
tion would be obtained from a table similar to that given on page 47 (Table III), but
in either case allowing for the fact that the diurnal variation increases as we go toward
the magnetic pole.
« In some instruments of foreign make, recently imported by the Survey, arrangements are made
whereby the round magnet can be inverted readily 180° from the outside without being obliged to
open the magnetometer box and to take hold of the magnet.
TRUE MERIDIAN AND MAGNETIC DECLINATION.
97
Magnetic observatunis.
Station, Paducah, Ky.
Instmment, Mag'r No. 19.
Mark, Church spire.
Magnet, 19 La.
Declination,
Date, Tuesday, July 2, 1901.
Observer, W. W.
Line of detorsion, 310®.
Chron. time
Scale readings
Horizontal circle readings
I
I^t
Right
Mean
1
Mark
Magnet
h m
7 54
55
E
E
d
38.1
37.9
d
38.8
39.1
d
38.45
38.50
Before
A
B
328
147
/
00.0
56.5
'
178 45.5
358 44.5
57
I
37.7
37.0
37.35
! A
328
oao
178 45.5
58
59
8 00
I
I
I
37.7
37.7
37.7
37.0
37.0
37.0
37.35
37.35
37.35
After
^
147
56.5
358 44.5
Mean
327
58.2
178 45.0
02
E
38.1
38.6
38.35
^
03
E
38.0
38.6
38.30
Scale erect, mean
Scale inverted, mean
Axis
38.40
37.35
37.88
Mean scale reading erect
38.40
Remarks:
Axis
37.88
Bright, clear day
Scale — axis
-ho. 52
Temp. 53® .5 Cent.
Reduction to axis
-fi^o
Torsion weight suspended 20 minutes
Circle reading
178
^ 45.0
Mag'c S. M. reading
178
1 46.0
Mark reading
327
' 58.2
Azimuth of mark a
153
, 40.4
True S. M. reading
174
\ 17.8
Mean chron. time
h m
7 58.5
Magnetic declination E.
4
\ 28.2
Diurnal variation
-2.9
Chron. fast on L. M. T.
54.5
Mean declination E.
4
\ 25.3
Local mean
1
time
7 04
a Counted from South around by Weat from <fi to 360^.
27478 — 02 7
THE SECULAR CHANGE OF THE MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN THE
UNITED STATES AND OUTLYING TERRITORIES.
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SECULAR CHANGE OF THE
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN THE UNITED STATES.
The greatest change in the magnetic declination, and therefore the one of most
importance to the surveyor, is the so-called secular change, which requires several hun-
dred years for its complete development and amounts in the compact part of the United
States to 5-8°. This change appears to be of a periodic character, like the motion of a
pendulum; that is, the compass needle, after moving continuously in one direction for
a long term of years, gradually comes to a standstill and then begins a motion in the
opposite direction. For example, at Portland, Me., the declination appears to have
been about 12° west in 1700. From that time it decreased steadily until about 1780,
when the needle reached its extreme easterly position, the declination being a little more
than 8° west. Since 1780 the declination has been increasing steadily, and now amounts
to about 14 J^ ° west. At San Francisco, on the other hand, the needle has moved contin-
uously to the eastward since 1790, the declination changing from about 13** east in 1790
to nearly 17® east at the present time, when the extreme easterly position has been just
about reached, apparently. Thus it is found that while the needle was swinging toward
the west in Maine it was moving in the opposite direction in California. A study of
observations at intervening stations shows that the extreme easterly position of the
needle, which wa^ reached in eastern Maine about 1765, occurred later and later going
westward, about 1805 in the District of Columbia, for example, and about 1840 in Iowa,
and in general passing across the coimtry at the rate of one degree of longitude in two
years, approximately. There is every reason to suppose that the extreme westerly posi-
tion of the needle, which has been very nearly reached in Maine at the present time, will
progress across the country in a similar manner, though possibly at a different rate.
Like the motion of the pendulum, the secular change of the direction of the compass
needle is most rapid at the middle point of the swing and becomes slower and slower as
the extremes are approached. Thus in the District of Columbia the annual change
increased from zero in 1800 to about 4' in 1870, and has since been decreasing, being
about 3' in 1900. Consequently a large error is introduced by assuming a constant rate
of change for a long period of years.
For further information on the subject, the reader is referred to Appendix No. i,
Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1895, ^^ ^^^ ** Secular Variation of the Earth's
Magnetic Force in the United States, etc.*' In that publication will be found collected
the secular change data at more than 100 stations, an explanation of the methods used
to derive suitable formulae to represent the observed quantities, and the discussion of the
observations according to those methods.
For information regarding the general laws and characteristics of the secular
change for the entire globe, the reader should consult pages 38 to 46 of this publication.
99
lOO
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
SECULAR CHANGE TABLES.
Explanatory Remarks.
On the following pages are given for each State and Territory one or more tables,
arranged alphabetically, showing the change in declination from the date of the earliest
observations to the present time. The figures on any line refer to the ist of January
of the year given in the first column. Each table is based on an average value of
declination for the area to which it refers. On the bottom line is given the annual
change for 1902. For practically all of the United States the present effect of secular
change of declination is to increase west declination and decrease east declination. For
Sitka, Honolulu, and Manila, where the effect is the opposite of this, namely, east
declination increasing, the fact is indicated by a minus sign before the value of annual
change in the table.
In using these tables, the surveyor must bear in mind the uncertainties incident to
the use of the compass and not be surprised if, for example, the change in declination
for the last hundred years as given by the tables differs by half a degree or more from
the value indicated by his own determinations. Even at the present time many
compasses are in error by as much as a quarter of a degree, owing to imperfect con-
struction or lack of proper care, and one hundred years ago the state of affairs was still
worse, so that an error of half a degree was not unusual. These tables give approx-
imately the actual change in the magnetic declination and do not take into account the
error of any particular compass.
Whenever the surveyor is called upon to redetermine the boundary line of a tract
of land run out at some previous period with a compass, and can find in the vicinity a
well-defined line known to have been established with the same compass and at about
the same time as the survey of the tract under consideration, he can not do better than
determine the amount of change in the compass bearing of this well-defined line and
use it to obtain the present bearings of the boundary lines to be reestablished. In this
way he will take into account and eliminate the errors of the compasses used in the
original and in the present survey. Only in the absence of such definite information is
the use of the following tables recommended.
Table XI. — Months and days expressed as a fraction 0/ a year.
Jan. o 0.00
Jan. 18 0.05
Feb. 6 o. 10
Feb. 24 o. 15
Mar. 14 o. 20
Apr. I o. 25
Apr. 20 o. 30
May 8 0.35
May 26 0.40
June 13 0.45
July 2 a 50
July 20 a 55
Aug. 7 o. 60
Aug. 25 0.65
Sept. 13 0.70
Oct. 1 o. 75
Oct. 19 0.80
Nov. 7 o. 85
Nov. 25 o. 90
Dec. 13 0.95
SECULAR CHANGE IN UNITED STATES. loi
The use of these tables may best be explained by a few examples:
(i) What was the change ip declination at Montgomery, Ala., between July i,
i8t2, and September 30, 1892?
In the table for Alabama the values 6° 49' east for 18 10 and 6° 57' east for 1820
are given, showing an average annual change of o'.8 for the interval. Hence the value
for 1812, July I, would be 6° 49' +(o'.8X2.5) = 6° 51' east. Similarly for September
30, 1892, the value 4*^ 35' —(3'. 5X2.75) =4° 25' east is obtained. Hence the needle
pointed 2° 26' farther west in 1892 than in 1812.
(2) The magnetic declination at Allegheny, Pa., was 2° 56' west in August, 1885.
What was it in January, 1800?
From the table for western Pennsylvania the values 0° 29' west for January i, 1800,
and 4® 04' west for August, 1885, are derived. Hence the needle changed its direction
3° 35' in the interval. The declination at Allegheny for the earlier date was therefore
2° 56' west minus 3° 35', or 0° 39' east.
(3) A rectangular piece of land at Houston, Tex., was surveyed by compass in
April, 1834, and the bearings recorded as follows: north 41® 45' west, north 48** 30'
east, south 41 ^^ 30' east, and south 48^ 15' west. What bearings should be used in
order to retrace the lines in December, 1902?
From the table for eastern Texas the values 9° 39' east for 1834, April, and 7° 50'
east for 1892, December, are derived, showing a change of 1° 49' to the westward in
the interval. The desired bearings are therefore north 39® 56' west, north 50° 19' east,
south 39° 41' east, and south 50*^ 04' west.
(4) Prepare a table showing the secular change of declination at Sacramento, Cal. ,
where the declination in October, 1897, was 16° 06' east.
The value for that date derived from the table for middle California is 16° 27' east;
consequently all the tabular values must be diminished by 21' in order to adapt the
table to Sacramento.
I02
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table giving Seadar Change of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Territories,
Year (Jan. 1)
Alabama
Alaska.
Sitka
Alaska,
Kodiak
Alaska.
Unalaska
Alaska.
St. Michael
Arisona,
east
Arizona,
west
/
'
/
/
/
/
/
1650
1660
1670
1680
•
1690
1700
1710
1720
^730
1740
1750
4 02 E
1760
4 38
1770
5 13
1780
5 44
25 05 E
23 59 B
1790
6 12
25 45
24 50
18 53 H
1800
6 34
26 25
25 34
19 16
1810
6 49
27 02
26 II
19 35
1820
657
27 38
26 38
19 48
1830
6 56
28 13
26 55
19 54
30 14 E
1840
6 48
2854
27 01
19 53
29 05
1850
6 32
29 08
26 54
19 46
27 55
13 47 E
14 00 E
i860
6 10
2Q 02
26 37
19 31
26 46
13 58
14 14
1870
5 42
28 59
26 08
19 II
25 36
14 01
14 21
1880
5 10
29 II
25 31
18 47
24 26
1358
14 21
1890
4 35
29 30
24 46
18 19
23 17
13 47
14 14
1900
4 CX)
29 45
23 55
17 49
22 07
13 30
14 00
J910
3 26 E
29 50 E
23 00 E
17 13 E
20 58 E
13 08 E
13 40E
Annual change
in 1902
3^4
-i^o
5'. 4
3'. 3
7^o
2^1
I'. 8
SECULAR CHANGE IN UNITED STATES.
103
Table giving Secular Change of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Territories — Continued.
Year (Jan. i)
Arkansas
California,
south
California,
middle
California,
north
Colorado,
east
r
Colorado,
west
Connecticut
/
/
'
/
t
/
/
1650
1660
1670
1680
1690
1700
8 44 W
1710
8 04
1720
7 22
1730
•
6 40
1740
6 00
1750
5 25
1760
4 56
1770
4 35
1780
10 28 E
12 17 E
14 09E
4 23
1790
II 02
12 43
14 37
4 21
1800
8 II E
II 36
13 12
15 06
4 29
1810
8 34
12 II
13 41
15 36
4 46
1820
849
12 43
14 10
1606
\
5 12
1850
858
13 13
14 37
16 35
5 45
1840
857
13 40
15 02
17 03
6 23
1850
849
14 01
15 25
17 28
14 28E
15 07B
7 05
i860
l^^
14 17
15 43
17 49
14 31
15 15
7 47
'2Z°
8 09
14 27
15 58
18 07
14 27
15 16
8 28
1880
7 40
14 30
16 09
18 20
14 15
15 07
9 05
1890
706
14 30
16 15
18 28
13 56
14 52
9 36
1900
6 30
14 30
16 30
18 30
13 30
14 30
10 00
I9I0
5 54B
. 14 27 E
16 30 E
18 30 E
12 59 E
14 02 E
10 15 W
Annual change
in 1902 •
3^7
0.0
0.0
0.0
2^.9
2^6
1^8
I04
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table giving Secular Change of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Territories — Continued.
Year (Jan. 1)
Delaware
District of
Columbia
Florida,
east
Florida
west
Florida,
south
Geoi^gia
Hawaii
Territonr,
Honolulu
#
/
'
'
/
/
/
1650
1660
1670
1680
1690
IJOO
6 ooW
5 II W
2 ooE
I7I0
5 31
4 45
2 29
1720
4 55
4 12
3 02
1730
4 15
3 33
338
1740
3 34
2 53
4 13
1750
2 54
2 13
3 13E
4 03E
4 46
3 13B
1760
2 17
I 34
3 50
4 40
5 16
3 50
1770
I 47
I 00
4 26
5 i6
5 41
4 26
1780
' ^l
33
4 58
5 47
6 01
4 58
1790
I 08
13
5 23
6 14
6 12
5 23
1800
I 04
04
5 41
635
6 16
5 41
10 52 E
jSio
I 08
04
5 50
6 48
6 12
5 50
10 25
1820
I 23
13
5 50
653
6 01
5 50
10 02
1830
I 47
33
5 41
6 49
5 41
5 41
9 44
1840
2 17
I 00
5 23
6 37
5 16
5 23
931
1850
254 •
I 34
4 58
6 16
4 46 .
4 58
9 25
i860
3 34
2 13
4 26
5 50
4 13
4 26
9 25
1870
4 15
2 53
3 50
5 18
338
3 50
932
1880
4 55
3 33
3 13
4 43
3 02
3 13
9 45
1890
5 31
4 12
2 35
4 06
2 29
2 35
10 04
1900
6 00
4 45
2 00
3 30
2 00
2 00
10 28
1910
6 23 W
5 iiW
I 29 E
2 56E
I 35 E
I 29 E
10 55 E
Annual change
.
in 1902
2^5
2^8
3^2
3^5
2^6
3^-2
-2'. 6
SECULAR CHANGE IN UNITED STATES.
105
Table giving Secular Ckaitge of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Territories — Continued.
Year (Jan. 1)
Idaho, eaat
Idaho, west
Illinois
Indiana
Indian
Territory
/
Iowa
Kansas, east
/
/
/
/
,
/
1650
1660
»
1670
1680
1690
1700
1710
1720
1730
.
1740
1750
1760
1770
1780
1790
1800
6 28E
5 31 E
1810
'
652
5 46
1820
7 07
5 51
10 50 E
1830
7 II
5 46
II 05
1840
7 07
5 31
II II
1850
17 41 E
18 23 E
652
508
II 49E
II 05
II 17 E
t86o
18 00
1845
6 28
4 37
II 40
10 50
II II
1870
18 II
19 00
558
4 01
II 25
10 25
10 55
1880
18 16
19 08
5 21
3 20
II 02
9 52
10 33
1890
18 II
1908
4 41
2 40
10 33
9 13
10 04
1900
18 00
19 00
4 00
2 00
10 00
8 30
9 30
1910
17 41 E
18 45E
3 20E
I 24E
9 24 R
7 46E
8 53E
Annual change
in 1902
I'. 7
1^3
4'.o
3'. 7
3^5
4^4
3^6
io6
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table giving Secular Change of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Territories — Continued.
Year (Jan. i)
«
Kansas, west
Kentucky, east
Kentucky, west
I/>uisiana
Maine, north-
east
Maine, south-
west
/
t
'
1
f
'
1650
18 30 W
1660
17 59
1670
17 21
1680
16 37
1690
15 47
1700
14 57
1710
14 08
1720
13 23
1730
12 43
1740
12 II
1750
II 50
10 34 W
1760
II 38
10 15
1770
II 38
10 10
1780
II 50
10 10
1790
12 II
10 15
1800
4 41 B
6 18E
7 37E
12 43
10 34
1810
4 50
6 36
7 58
13 23
II 02
1820
4 50
6 45
8 14
14 08
II 38
1830
4 41
645
8 22
14 57
12 18
1840
4 23
6 36
8 21
15 47
13 02
1850
12 26 £
358
6 18
8 13
16 37
13 47
i860
12 25
3 26
5 53
7 57
17 21
14 31
1870
12 14
2 50
5 21
7 35
17 59
15 10
1880
II 56
2 13
4 45
707
18 30
15 44
1890
II 31
I 35
4 08
6 34
18 50
16 II
1900
II 00
I 00
3 30
6 00
19 00
16 30
1910
10 25 E
29E
2 55E
5 25E
18 58 W
16 38 W
Annual change
in 1902
3^4
3^.2
3^.6
3'. 5
(/. I
1^2
SECULAR CHANGE IN UNITED STATES.
107
Table giving Secular Change of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Terfitories — Continued.
Year (Jan. i)
Maryland
Massachusetts,
east
Massachusetts,
west
Michigan,
southeast
Michigan,
southwest
Michigan,
north
/
r
/
/
/
1650
5 20W
1660
5 40
1670
5 52
1680
5 53
1690
5 44
1700
5 26
10 31 W
944W
1 710
5 00
9 50
9 04
1720
4 27
9 08
8 22
1730
3 48
8 26
7 40
1740
3 08
7 47
7 00
1750
2 28
7 13
625
1760
I 49
6 46
556
1770
•I 15
6 27
5 35
1780
48
6 17
5 23
1790
28
6 17
5 21
1800
19
6 28
5 29
332E
6 02E
1810
19
6 47
5 46
3 44
6 29
1820
28
7 14
6 12
3 44
5 oiE
6 43
1830
48
l^t
6 45
3 32
5 01
6 43
.1840
I 15
8 28
7 23
3 10
4 49
6 29
1850
I 49
9 10
8 05
2 39
4 27
6 03
i860
2 28
9 52
8 47
2 00
356
5 26
1870
^°5
10 32
9 28
I 16
3 17
4 40
1880
3 48
II 08
10 05
30E
2 33
3 48
1890
4 27
II 38
10 36
17 W
I 47
2 53
1900
5 00
12 00
II 00
I 00
I 00
2 00
1910
5 26W
12 13 W
II 15 w
I 38 w
17E
I II E
Annual change
in 1902
2^8
1^6
1^8
4^o
4^4
5M
io8
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
W
Table giving Secular Change "of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Territories — Continued.
Year (Jan. i)
Minnesota,
nor h
Minnesota,
south
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana,
east
Montana,
west
f
/
f
/
f
/
1650
1660
1670
1680
1690
•
1700
17IO
1720
1730
1740
1750
1760
1770
1780
1790
1800
7 34E
1810
7 53
1820
II 34 E
II 25 E
8 04
9 30E
1830
II 51
II 41
8 08
9 40
1840
II 57
II 47
8 04
9 40
18 25 E
19 34 E
1850
II 51
II 41
7 53
9 31
i8 43
19 59
i860
II 34
II 25
7 34
9 13
18 52
20 17
1870
II 06
10 59
708
8-47
18 52
20 26
1880
10 29
10 25
638
8 16
1843
20 26
1890
9 47
9 44
6 05
7 39
18 25
20 17
1900
9 00
9 00
5 30
7 00
18 00
20 00
1910
8 II E
8 15E
4 55E
6 21 E
17 28 E
19 35 E
Annual change
in 1902
4^9
4^6
3'. 5
4'.o
3^o
2'. 3
SECULAR CHANGE IN UNITED STATES.
109
Table giving Secular Change of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Territories — Continued.
Year (Jan. i)
Nebraska, eMt
Nebraska, west
•
/
Nevada, east
Nevada, west
New
Hampshire
/
New Jersey
/
/
'
r
1650
1660
1670
1680
1690
•
8 18 W
835
8 42
838
8 24
. 1700
1710
1720
1730
1740
12 58 W
12 18
II 34
10 49
10 05
8 00
7 28
6 49
6 07
5 23
1750
1760
1770
1780
1790
9 25
8 51
8 26
8 10
8 05
4 40
4 01
328
3 03
2 47
liOQ
I8IO
1820
1830
1840
12 32 E
12 50
13 00
8 12
8 29
855
9 30
10 II
2 42
2 47
3 03
3 28
4 01
1850
i860
1870
1880
1890
13 a>
12 52
12 34
12 08
II 37
14 26 E
14 26
14 17
13 59
13 32
15 44E
16 00
16 10
16 13
16 10
16 14 E
16 35
16 50
17 00
17 03
10 55
11 40
12 24
13 04
13 36
4 40
5 23
6 07
6 49
7 28
1900
I9IO
II 00
10 20 E
13 00
12 23 E
16 00
15 44B
17 00
16 50 E
14 cx>
14 14 W
8 00
. 8 24 W
Annual change
in 1902
3^.9
3^6
1^4
o^8
1^8
2^6
no
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table giving Secular Change of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Territories — Continued.
Year (Jan. i)
New Mexico,
New Mexico,
New York,
New York,
North Caro-
North Caro-
east
west
east
west
lina, east
/
lina, west
' •
/
/
/
/
1650
1660
1670
1680
1690
•
10 26 W
1700
10 00
1710
9 26
1720
8 45
1730
7 59
1740
7 13
.1750
6 28
405W
09 W
I 20E
1760
5 46
3 22
27E
I 57
1770
5 10
2 43
59
2 31
1780
4 43
2 II
I 26
3 01
1790
4 27
I 49
I 44
3 23
1800 •
4 21
^^l
I 53
3 37
1810
4 27
138
I 53
3 41
1820
4 43
I 49
I 44
3 37
1830
5 10
2 II
I 25
3 22
1840
5 46
2 43
59
2 59
1850
12 53 E
13 35 E
6 28
3 22
26E
2 29
i860
12 57
13 42
7 13
4 05
10 W
I 55
1870
12 53
13 43
7 59
4 52
49
I 17
1880
12 42
13 35
845
538
I 26
38
1890
12 24
13 21
9 26
6 22
2 01
02 E
1900
12 00
13 00
10 CXD
7 00
2 30
30 W
1910
II 32 E
12 34 E
10 26 w
7 29W
2 53W
56W
Annual change
in 1902
2\ 7
2^4
2^8
3^3
2'.i
2^8
SECULAR CHANGE IN UNITED STATES.
Ill
Table giving Secular Change of the Magnetic Declifiatiofi in the United States and
Outlying Territories — Continued.
Year (Jan. i)
North Dakota,
east
North Dakota,
west
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon, east
Oregon, west
t
/
/
/
/
/
1650
1660
^670
1680
1690
1700
1710
1720
1730
1740
•
1750
1760
1770
1780
1790
1800
1810
1820
1830
1840 •
15 10 E
3 38
3 29
3 09
15 56 E
16 34
17 13
17 52
18 29
1850
i860
1870
1880
1890
15 10
15 00
14 41
14 13
13 39
17 31 E
17 31
17 21
17 02
16 34
2 42
2 08
I 29
49
08E
10 04 E
9 59
9 47
9 28
9 01
18 06E
18 31
18 49
19 00
19 04
19 03
19 32
19 57
20 15
20 26
1900
I910
13 00
12 17 E
16 00
15 21 E
30W
1 03W
8 30
7 55E
19 00
18 49 E
20 30
20 30 E
Annual change
in 1902
4^2
3^7
1
1
3'. 5
3^4
C/.9
o^o
112
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table giving Secular Change of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Territories ^Qontinntidi,
Year (Jan. i)
Pennsylvania,
east
Pennsylvania,
west
Philippines,
Manila
Porto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
/
f
/
'
f
f
1650
1
1660
1670
1680
7 36W
1690
7 35
1700
7 23
II 01 W
1710
658
10 20
1720
6 23
938
1730
5 41
856
1740
4 54
8 17
1750
4 05
13E
7 43
I 48 E
1760
3 19
09
7 16
2 25
1770
2 37
. 07
657
2 59
1780
2 02
I 08 W
05
6 47
3 28
1790
I 39
44
04
6 47
3 50
1800
I 26
29
05
3 33E
6 58
4 03
1810
I 27
23
06
3 10
7 17
4 08
1820
I 40
i 29
08
2 42
7 44
4 03
1830
2 05
44
12
2 12
8 19
3 50
1840
2 39
I 08
16
I 40
8 58
• 3 28
1850
3 22
I 40
21
I 08
9 40
2 59
i860
4 08
2 18
27
36
10 22
2 25
1870
4 57
2 59
34
07 E
II 02
I 48
1880
5 44
3 41
41
20 W
II 38
I 10
1890
6 26
4 23
49
43
12 08
033E
1900
7 00
5 00
55
I 00
12 30
00
I910
7 23 W
531 w
I ooE
I 13 w
12 43 W
28 W
Annual change
in 1902
2^.7
3^.3
-0^.5
1^5
i\6
2^9
SECULAR CHANGE IN UNITED STATES.
113
Table giving Secular Change of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Territories — Continued.
Y€ar(Jan. I)
South Dakota,
South Dakota,
Tennessee,
Tennessee,
Texas,
Texas,
east
west
east
west
east
middle
'
'
/
t
f
/
1650
1660
1670
1680
1690
1700
1710
1720
1730
1740
1750
1760
1770
^
1780
1790
1800
4 41 B
1810
4 50
1820
4 50
7 06E
9 20 E
1830
4 41
706
9 35
10 41 E
1840
13 35B
4 23
6 58
9 44
10 52
1850
13 35
14 28 E
358
6 41
9 44
10 57
. i860
13 26
14 28
3 26
6 17
9 37
10 52
1870
13 08
14 18
2 50
5 47
9 21
10 41
1880
12 41
14 00
2 13
5 13
8 59
10 23
1890
12 08
13 33
I 35
4 37
8 32
9 59
1900
II 30
13 00
I 00
4 00
8 00
9 30
I910
10 49 E
12 22 E
29 E
3 25E
7 25E
857E
Atinnal change
m 1902
4^1
3^.7
3^.2
3^6
3'- 4
3^2
27478 — 02 8
114
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table giving Secular Change of the Magnetic Declination in the United States and
Outlying Territories — Continued.
Year (Jan. i)
Texas, west
Texas, northwest
Utah
Vermont
Virginia, east
Virginia, west
/
/
/
/
/
/
1650
1660
1670
1680
1690
1700
1710
.11 58 w
II 18
4 25W
4 00
1720
1730
1740
10 34
9 49
9 05
3 29
2 54
2 16
1750
1760
1770
1780
1790
825
7 51
7 26
7 10
7 05
I 39
I 03
31
006W
12 E
25 E
59
1 28
I 50
t8oo
1810
1820
1830
1840
11 47 E
12 01
7 12
7 29
7 55
8 30
9 II
21
21
12 E
06W
031
2 03
2 08
2 03
I 50
I 28
1850
i860
1870
1880
1890
12 09
12 08
12 01
II 47
II 26
12 07 E
12 09
12 02
II 49
II 28
16 17 E
16 28
16 32
16 28
16 17
9 55
10 40
11 24
12 04
12 36
I 03
1 39
2 16
2 54
3 29
59
25 E
12W
50
1 27
1900
1910
II 00
10 29 E
II 00
10 28 E
16 00
15 36 E
13 00
13 14 w
4 00
4 25 W
2 00
2 28W
Annual change
in 1902
2^9
3'. I
2'. 2
I'. 7
2^.7
3'.o
SECULAR CHANGE IN UNITED STATES.
115
Table giving Secular Change of the Magnetic Decluiation in the United States and
Outlying Territories — Concluded.
Year (Jan. 1)
Washington,
east
Washington,
west
West Virginia
Wisconsin
•
Wyoming,
east
Wyoming,
West
/
r
/
/
/
/
1650
1660
1670
1680
1690
1700
1710
1720
1730
1740
1750
1760
1770
•
1780
17 15 E
1790
17 48
2 07 E
1800
18 23
2 22
1810
19 00
2 27
1820
19 37
2 22
8 40E
1830
20 12
2 07
8 46
1840
20 45
I 44
8 40
1850
21 44 E
21 15
I 13
8 22
15 40 E
17 20E
i860
22 05
21 41
37E
7 55
15 48
17 33
1870
22 20
22 02
03W
7 18
15 48
17 37
1880
22 30
22 17
44
635
15 40
17 33
1890
22 33
22 27
I 24
5 49
15 23
17 20
19CX)
22 30
22 30
2 00
5 00
15 00
17 00
1910
22 20 E
22 30 E
2 29 W
4 13E
14 30 E
16 33 E
Annual change
in 1902
o^8
0.0
3^2
4^7
2^8
2'. 5
THE MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN THE UNITED STATES AND OUTLYING
TERRITORIES FOR JANUARY i, 1902.
INTRODUCTION.
Since the last publication by the Survey of a paper by Schott showing for the date
January i, 1900, the distribution of the magnetic declination within the area of the
United States, nearly six years have elapsed, during which time, especially since July i,
1899, a large amount of additional material has been obtained. A new discussion of
the material on hand exhibiting the results for an epoch nearer to the present time was
therefore undertaken.
The improvements in the present paper treating of the geographical distribution of
the declination for January, 1902, consist of:
( 1 ) The introduction of observations made by the Coast and Geodetic Survey since
the publication of 1896 and additions to the collection of data from other sources.
(2) The extension and increase of the knowledge of the secular change and
especially the systematizing of the secular change tables, thus giving increased precision
to the ** reduction to epoch;" that is, to the sign and amount of correction to be applied
to the observed value to reduce it to January i, 1902.
EXPLANATORY REMARKS TO DECLINATION TABLES. .
The primary arrangement of the tables is alphabetically by States. For each
State, Territory, or other geographical subdivision the collected declinations are next
divided into two groups, the first containing results obtained by the Coast and Geodetic
Survey observers, the second the results from other sources. Where the same station
has been occupied several times only the latest result is given, except when that result
is in the second group; in this case the latest result by the Coast and Geodetic Survey
is given also. The results in each group are arranged in order of latitude, beginning
at the south, this arrangement having been found the most ser\aceable for the various
purposes of the tables. The collection of all values at any one place is reserved for the
publication dealing exclusively with the determination of the secular change of the
magnetic elements.
The seven columns contain in order the name of the station or place where observa-
tions were made, the latitude, the longitude, the date of observation, expressed in year
and decimal fraction, the observed declination, the same reduced to January i, 1902, and
the name of the observer or authority. The latitudes and longitudes are taken from
the best available authorities. Those in Group I are usually the result of observation
and are in general correct within one minute of latitude and two minutes of longitude.
117
Il8 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Those in Group II are given as furnished by the obser\'^ers or are scaled from the
topographic sheets of the United States Geological Survey, the Post Route maps,
or the Rand and McNally State maps.
The results which have been added to Group II since the publication of Appendix i ,
Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1896, are principally from two sources, the
publication of the United States Geological Survey *' Magnetic Declination in the
United States,** by Henry Gannett, 1896, and the replies of county surveyors to a
circular letter sent out by the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey in
February, 1901. Gannett collected the values of declination recorded in connection
with the surveys of the General Land Office and grouped them by counties. Where a
result for a county is g^ven as the mean of a certain number of stations, it is taken from
his collection. Gannett also collected considerable data from county surveyors.
For additional information regarding any of the results in the tables, application
may be made to the Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, who will be
glad to have his attention called to any errors.
CHART OF THE LINES OF EQUAL MAGNETIC DECLINATION AND OF
EQUAL ANNUAL CHANGE IN THE UNITED STATES FOR 1902.
Before explaining the present chart a brief summary of the work of the Survey in
the past regarding the publication of isogonic charts is given so as to facilitate future
reference.
Previous Isogonic Charts by the Coast and Geodetic Survey.
The first table of declination results accompanied by an isogonic chart a was published by A. D.
Bache, Superintendent United States Coast Survey, and J. E. Hilgard, Assistant, in the Annual Report
for 1855, Appendix No. 47, and plate No. 56. The declinations were reduced to a common epoch—
1850 — ^by means of assumed values of the annual change, and for convenience of discussion th«
declinations were arranged in geographical groups which could be separately treated by application
of Lloyd's interpolation formula. The table comprises 153 stations, and the isogonic curves, com-
puted for each degree of declination, cover but a narrow strip along the coast line. In the following
year the same authors produced a new chart, as the result of a more extended discussion, inclusive
of aU recent observations, but retained the epoch 1850. (See Annual Report of 1856, Appendix No. 28. )
On plate No. 61 of the Report, the isogonic curves fairly cover the area of the eastern part of the United
States, as well as the area bordering on the Pacific coast, and a connection is shown over the Gulf of
Mexico and along the Mexican boundary.
The Annual Report for 1861, Appendices No. 23 and No. 24, contains two small isogonic charts
(plate No. >3o) designed for a special purpose and in aid of navigation along the southern coast;
epoch i860.
The Annual Report for 1862, Appendix No. 19, gives an account of a magnetic survey of the
State of Pennsylvania, and on plate No. 47 isomagnetic lines are laid down for the two epochs 1842
and 1862.
The next isogonic chart, constructed by Assistant C. A. Schott, accompanies Appendix No. 19 of
the Annual Report for 1865, plate No. 27. It is on a larger scale, but covers about the same area as
the chart of 1856. It embodies, however, the results accumulated, and uses the latest information
respecting the secular change. The epoch is 1870.
The next chart issued (Annual Report for 1876, Appendix No. 21, plate No. 24) is due to Assistant
J. E. Hilgard. It is referred to the epoch 1875, and includes the results of the Survey up to 1877, and
« The first detailed chart extending some distance into the interior of the country was constructed
by Prof. E. Loomis for the epoch 1840, and published in Silliman*s Journal Science and Arts, Vol. XL.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES. II9
in part to 1879, as well as about 200 observations made from 1871 to 1876^ under the auspices of the
National Academy of Sciences and at the expense of the Bache fund. In this chart the isogonic
curves cover the whole of the United States, excepting Alaska, and distinct notice is taken of certain
large irregularities in the distribution of magnetism which made themselves manifest in certain
regions in the eastern and central parts of the country. The curves over the western part remain
smooth and regular, the observations there not yet being sufficiently numerous for the safe delinea-
tion of irregularities.
* * Distribution of the Magnetic Declination for 1885. * ' This publication brought out in the Annual
Report for 1885, Appendix No. 13, by Assistant C. A. Schott, is designated by him as the " first edi-
tion,'* on account of its completeness, a special chart for Alaska and adjacent regions being included.
The arrangement of the table of results is alphabetic by States, with two subdivisions in each, one for
Coast and Geodetic Survey results, the other containing the results from all remaining available
sources, as compiled by the author; the table contains in all 2 359 stations. The results were reduced
to the epoch 1885, ^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ Schott's extensive sectdar variation discussions. The curves for the
United States were determined by the graphical process, and were published on a chart of scale
i"7 oi ooo » while those for Alaska and adjacent waters, on account of the scarcity of data, were made
to depend upon an interpolation formula established by the application of the method of least squares;
these last curves were published on a chart, to the scale of Trrv^Trvv- ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^ accumulated
material would permit, special notice was taken of all locally disturbed regions, and the extent and
the amount of the local deflections were shown on the chart.
" Distribution of the Magnetic Declination for 1890." This is Schott's *' second edition,** and is
contained in the Annual Report for 1889, Appendix 11. The table of declination comprises 3 237
stations; in all cases where a station has been repeatedly occupied, only that observation nearest to the
epoch 1890 is given. The curves for the United States are again obtained by the graphical method,
and those for Alaska by a newly established interpolation formula.
'* Distribution of the Magnetic Declination for 1900.** (Third edition; Appendix i, Annual
Report for 1896. ) The charts for the epoch 1900 are based on 3 591 tabulated declinations. They
are a great improvement upon the former charts, the reductions to the epoch 1900 being based on a
new and very exhaustive discussion of the secular variation of the magnetic declination at 118 stations,
embracing i 435 annual observations.
The steady improvement in the isogonic charts is made readily apparent by a comparison of the
earlier ones with those of recent date. In the latter the curves are no longer beautifully curved lines,
but exhibit many sinuosities, showing that the magnetic distribution, as it actually occurs in nature,
is being more and more truly represented. For Alaska, on account of the paucity of the data, the
distribution, as shown by the charts, must still be more or less conventional.
Isogonic Chart of the United States for 1902.
(Plate I.)
The secular change tables employed for reducing the tabulated declination results to
January i, 1902, with the necessary explanations, will be found in the previous chapter.
The following tabular summary exhibits the number of declination entries given in
the ** Magnetic Declination Tables*' appended, upon which the present isogonic chart
was based. The first column gives the State or Territory in alphabetical order, the next
headed I, tabulates the number of declination values recently observed by the Coast and
Geodetic Survey as contained in Group I of the tables; the third column, Ila, gives the
number of declination entries collected from outside sources by the Coast and Geodetic
Survey and contained in Group II; the fourth column, lib, gives the number of decli-
nation entries in Group II, extracted from Gannett's publication, being based almost
entirely upon the United States Land Office data, and the final column, lie, shows the
number of individual stations upon which Gannett's entries or mean values of lib were
based. Nearly one-half of the number of values given in column I have been observed
by the Coast and Geodetic Survey since July i, 1899.
I20
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Number 0/ entries 0/ magnetic declination results for each Stale and Territory.
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Colum-
bia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaiian Terri-
tory
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Indian Territory
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
C.&G.S.
19
137
2
16
103
31
23
II
2
43
32
20
3
13
18
3
42
34
30
26
42
140
36
10
30
18
14
15
43
47
Ila
Other
9
41
49
35
48
53
13
I
29
15
45
72
49
15
5
47
26
13
27
38
10
26
264
40
22
158
68
86
77
lib
G. val-
ues
47
34
78
61
70
I
o
o
38
20
44
63
98
7
63
162
20
48
4
o
3
86
100
74
27
42
102
42
lie
G. sta-
tions
332
742
693
303
392
I
o
o
170
20
363
523
793
165
609
I 274
25
668
4
o
3
I 248
I 021
I 007
27
197
I 122
711
^ New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Philippine Islands
Porto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
I Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washin^on
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
West Indies, etc.
Mexico, West
British America,
East of 75°
British America,
75*^-90°
British America,
West of 90°
C.&G.S.
8
20
32
48
116
6
19
5
39
53
15
17
8
20
9
18
no
26
4
114
45
57
II
15
22
33
13
18
17
I 921
Ila
Other
lib
G. val-
ues
13
I
150
67
58
217
8
3
3
22
48
90
45
4
, 33
«
29
12
33
2
13
2
15
80
lie
G. sta-
tions
I
o
794
8
3
193
266
507
87
12
38
22
30
50
57
39
15
2
32
14
89
32
30
5
68
52
76
46
55
1
71
129
162
93
3 082
I 915
o
2
357
24
50
326
2
14
297
5
431
816
19 608
The chart for 1902 was based principally on the data enumerated in columns I and
Ila. principal weight being given, in general, to Group I, except when the data in
Group II were obtained with instruments and methods comparable with those of the
Coast and Geodetic Survey. In the regions where the data from I and Ila were
sparsely distributed, recourse was had to the data, lib. It was found, however, that
although the 19 15 mean values of lib were based on nearly 20000 observations, their
inaccuracy was of such a nature and the uncertainty of precise geographical position to
which they applied was of such an extent at times that practically little use could be
made of them for the determination of the actual distribution. A local disturbance
amounting to a half degree, and even a degree, could not with certainty be made out
Tvith their aid. These data some decades ago would have had value, but now with so
many observations the accuracy of which can be precisely gauged, their value is of a
subordinate character.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES. 121
It should also be pointed out that the 1921 values in Group I in many instances
have been repeatedly verified by previous observations at the same station by the Coast
and Geodetic Survey, only the most recent values, as above stated, being given, how-
ever. In this way actual local disturbances have been repeatedly determined.
The following statement might be made: the present isogonic chart for the United
States is based on results plotted at about 5000 points, embodying all the declination
data of known value up to date. To give the actual number of single observations util-
ized, without further information, conveys to the reader an entirely erroneous impres-
sion, as he instinctively concludes that that number of values was actually plotted, thus
confusing number of observations with number of points or stations plotted. The vaUie
of an average declination result based on many single observations, depends entirely
upon the character of the observations combined and the purpose of the combination,
so that it may easily happen that an average result, no matter on how many observa-
tions of indiflFerent or uncertain value it may depend, is no better — often not as good —
as a single result, the accuracy of which is precisely known. When a result departs
from the normal or uniform distribution, one should have the facts to enable him to tell
whether the departure is an actual fact of nature, or error of observation, or due to the
particular combinatory process.
By thus carefully distinguishing between the relative value of the results in Groups
I and II, the attempt was made to draw the lines of equal magnetic declination to
conform as nearly as possible with Xh^/acis of nature. No curvature in the lines nor
isolated oval, such as occurs, for example, in Iowa, Texas, etc., has been shown unless
borne out by a critical examination of the material. Quite likely the next edition of
the Chart with the aid of new material will exhibit still more irregularities in the lines,
and in certain localities it will be found that no system of lines can give a representa-
tion of the actual distribution of the Earth's magnetism in these regions. It has been
the general experience thus far that the greater the number of points at which observa-
tions have been obtained the more irregularities do the isogonic lines present. To
eliminate the facts of nature by numerical combinatory processes or by a system of
smooth mathematical curves based on empirical formulae serves no practical purpose.
As stated, the present purpose is to draw isogonic lines representing the observed
facts as well as possible. An attempt to draw the system of 'lines which would exist if
the United States were uniformly or regularly magnetized and no local or regional dis-
turbances of the needle existed may be made at some future time. By comparing these
mathematical lines, representing the normal or undisturbed distribution of magnetism,
with the actually observed facts, it may be possible to localize the centers of magnetic
disturbances and to ascertain their origin. This is the only method by which deductions
of permanent value can be made.
No additional explanations of the Chart, to be found at the end of the book, other
than that given in the legend will be required. It was published separately in Febru-
ary, 1902, in order to satisfy immediate demands, and is now given along with the
publication which furnishes the accompanying text.
The chief new features are:
(i) The return to the base map used for the isogonic charts of 1875, 1885, and
1890, revised up to date and having sufficient physical features and towns to render it
122 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
possible to readily identify any desired locality, to interpret irregularities in the isogonic
lines, and to estimate their value in the region crossed by them.
(2) The lines of equal annual change of the magnetic declination for the present
period, with the aid of which the isogonic Hues can readily be referred to any year
within five years prior or subsequent to 1902.
By examining the isogonic chart it will be seen that the magnetic declination
in the United States varies at present from 21® east, in the extreme northern part of
Maine, to 23° west, in the extreme northern part of the State of Washington, hence
44° from one end of the country to the other. Over the greater portion of the United
States the needle points east of north.
The only former attempt to draw the lines of equal annual change was made by
Schott in Appendix 19, Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1865. By systematiz-
ing the secular change tables it was possible to renew the attempt. The present lines
were constructed in a manner similar to that used for the lines of equal magnetic
declination. While the lines are to some extent conventional, it has been found that
they represent the observed annual changes generally within i', hence they will suffice
for all practical purposes. With their aid it is possible to tell at once the way and rate
according to which the magnetic declination is at present changing in the United States.
Secular Motion of the Agonic Line in the United States.
Fig. 29 gives the positions of the agonic line, or line of no magnetic declination,
along which the needle points to the north, from 1700 to 1900. It will be seen that in
1800 the agonic line had reached its most northerly position, passing through western
Pennsylvania, central Maryland, and skirting the coast of Virginia. The agonic line of
1902 passes through Ohio, a little west of Columbus, and nearly through Columbia, S. C.
ISOGONIC CHART OF ALASKA FOR 1902.
(Plate II.)
In the case of Alaska, owing to the paucity of the observations and the great extent
of territory involved, the'graphical method followed in drawing the isogonic lines for
the United States could not be safely employed. Schott accordingly made use of a
mathematical interpolation formula for the purpose of drawing the isogonic lines for
this region, for details regarding which see Appendix 4, Coast and Geodetic Survey
Report for 1894, ^^^ Appendix i, Report for 1896, pages 148 and 149.
Upon examining Schott's chart with the aid of the material obtained since the date
of its construction, it was found that the isogonic lines required a slight shifting to the
left to apply for 1900. To refer the lines to January i, 1902, requires a shifting of
about the same amount to the right on account of secular change. Accordingly the
chart of 1900, uncorrected, applies as closely to 1902 as the material now at hand
would enable one to safely judge. The present chart should therefore be regarded as
merely a preliminary one. By the time of the next issue sufficient new data will have
been obtained to render it worth while to attempt the construction of an entirely new
chart, which is not the case at present.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
123
Local Disturbances of the Compass in Alaska.
Attention must be called to the large and frequent disturbances of the compass which
mariners in Alaskan waters encounter. The Survey is making a special study of these,
and will pubHsh a separate monograph on the subject. In the meanwhile reference
90'
^ «ff* JM*» 75" ^^
i__
- -JP
V Ilk
1
-t — r
\ 1 .^
HB !b^ ^i.
/r\ li ^jvk '
H-4 liV
n 1 \uL--^
■j--\.. — < T v*'
T " ' r^ "■ \ ""T' f ^ 1
X. • ^^1 rn * 1 • 1 —
— 1 1 ff' ~
1 A Js \ J
1 ^B ^^^ ^%
-^r tSt n"
1 \ ^
-J ->, — 1
^ "^^3 1^^^ ^^^K ^a—L. J^M
% J
1 /
■4 — - /
»^;:"'4
\ ^ 1
'^\ \
^k^ r
1 i-l
X 4--
t A
\ - —
^^^L-
-±^2
r . S 1 _
10-
■^
-n^'
m
m
Fig. 29.— Map showing: the position of the agonic line between 1700 and 1900 (Schott).
is made to United States Coast Pilot, Pacific Coast, Alaska, Part I, published by the
Survey in 1901.
ISOGONIC CHARTS OF THE OTHER OUTLYING TERRITORIES.
Isogonic charts for the other outlying territories of the United States have been
at present deferred, awaiting the accumulation of material. The declination values
at hand will be found in the tables, in their proper places.
124
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinatunis observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, ipd2,
[Group I, results from United States Coast and Geodetic Survey; Group II, results from all other sources.]
ALABAMA
Station
Group I
Fort Morgan
Mobile
Citronelle
Evergreen
Greenville
Lower Peachtree
Eufaula
Mount Cannel
Ethridge
Union Springs
Montgomery
Selma
Opelika
Birmingham
Indian Mountain
Cullman
Decatur
Huntsville
Florence
Group II
Baldwin County
Mobile County
Mount Vernon
Escambia County
Elba
Conecuh County
St. Stephens
Monroe County
Trov
Barbour County
Wilcox County
Bullock County
Shiloh
Lowndes County
Montgomery County
Russell County
Marengo County
Cahaba
Dallas County
Selma
Macon County
Tuskegee
Coatopa
Autauga County
Sumter County
Elmore County
Lee County
Marion
Perry County
Greensboro
Hale County
•
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
1
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
East
/
/
/
f
30 14
88 01
1847. 40
7 04.1
4 20
Fauntleroy&Ruth
30 42
8803
1896. 26
4 31.2
4 10
J. B. Baylor
31 05
88 14
1896. 18
4 41.5
4 21
Do.
31 26
8657
1900.40
3 46.7
3 41
D. L. Hazard
31 50
8636
1896. 20
3 46.6
3 26
J. B. Baylor
31 50
8737
1857- 33
6 02.4
338
G. W. Dean
31 54
8508
1896.24
2 55.5
2 35
J. B. Baylor
32 01
86 21
1892. 41
3 39
3 05
F. W. Perkins
32 05
87 04
1892. 40
3 34
3 00
Do.
32 09
85 42
1900.41
2 55.9
2 50
D. L. Haasard
32 22
86 18
1900.41
2 46. 1
2 40
Do.
32 24
8705
1896. 22
3 09.5
2 49
J. B. Baylor
32 37
85 25
1896.25
3 02.0
2 42
Do.
33 31
86 49
1900.42
2 44.9
2 39
D. L. Hazard
34 02
85 26
"875.65
4 10.6
2 40
F. P. Webber
34 10
86 50
1900.43
3 16.7
3 II
D. L. Hazard
34 37
5^59
1900-43
4 11.5
4 06
Do.
34 42
8635
1900.44
4 00.7
3 55
Do.
34 48
87 43
1S90. 41
4 15.6
3' 34
J. B. Baylor
. • * .
• a • a
1841
635
3 42
Mean, 8 stations
• . . . ^
a a •
1846
7. 00
4 15
Mean, 6 stations
31 06
88 01
1870. 8
6 27
4 41
W. W. Carson
• •
a « •
1839
5 40
2 44
Mean, 8 stations
31 26
86 05
1900.0
3 45
338
D. McKinnon
> • • •
a • a a
1839
5 45
2 50
Mean, 10 stations
31 32
88 04
1901
4 30
4 27
B. D. Turner
• • > •
• a a a
1839
536
2 40
Mean, 7 stations
31 49
8558
1895
4 06
3 43
I. M. Adams
• • • •
a • a •
1832
6 30
3 28
Mean, 8 stations
a
a a * *
1846
636
3 50
Mean, 9 stations
• • •
. .
1832
6 30
3 28
Mean, 6 stations
32 08
87 42
1895
4 15
3 52
County surveyor
• « • •
a • a
1846
6 30
3 44
Mean, 4 stations
• a •
a a • a
1843
6 30
3 40
Mean, 20 stations
. . . .
» 9 a •
1832
6 30
3 28
Mean, 24 stations
• • • •
a • a a
1842
6 30
3 39
Mean, 2 stations
32 18
87 10
1860.3
6 10
3 53
W. Scott
• • •
mm a a
1844
6 47
4 00
Mean, 18 stations
32 24
87 05
1895
4 00
3 37
County surveyor
• • •
• a
1832
6 30
3 28
Mean, 8 stations
32 26
85 45
1888.5
3 55
3 07
W. C. Torrance
32 30
88 06
1873
5 50
4 12
J. F. Williamson
• » • •
a a
1842
6 30
3 39
Mean, 8 stations
• • • •
> • • a
1832
7 50
4 48
Do.
a a •
a a a •
1S38
6 30
3 34
Do. .
• a a
a • • •
1832
6 30
3 28
Mean, 16 stations
32 36
87 18
1895
4 15
3 52
D. E. Bates
• a a a
m w • •
1845
6 50
4 03
Mean, 2 stations
32 42
8736
1895
4 40
4 17
County surveyor
« •
• • a «
1842
6 30
3 39
Mean, 8 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
125
TabU of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, r^02 — Continued.
ALABAMA— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued.
Greene County
Tallapoosa County
Chilton County
Coosa County
Chambers County
Goodwater
Blocton
Talladega
Tuscaloosa
Pickens County
Clay County
Randolph County
West
Talladega County
Birmingham
Jacksonville
Blount County
Etowah County
Cullman County
Marshall County
Dekalb County
Morgan County
Moulton
Madison
Tuscumbia
Lati-
tude
33 04
33 06
33 09
33 12
lyongi-
tude
86 04
87 07
86 30
87 33
• • • •
• * •
• • •
33 15
.. . .
85 25
• « •
33 32
33 49
• • • •
86 48
85 46
34 29
34 41
34 44
87 17
86 48
87 43
Date of
obser\'a-
tion
1838
1832
1842
1832
1833
1895
1895
X900
1895
1832.
1832
1834
1895
1832
1901
1901
1839
1839
1839
1839
1839
1853
1895
1875. 4
1896
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
7 06
6 30
6 30
6 30
6 22
2 30
3 30
3 45
5 00
8 00
5
5
2
5
3
2
5
5
5
5
5
5
2
25
28
30
26
II
25
40
40
40
40
40
17
30
5-11.6
4 43
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
4
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
4
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
4
10
28
39
28
21
07
07
40
37
58
23
28
2 07
2 24
3 08
2 22
44
44
44
44
44
45
07
40
23
Observer or
authority
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 20 stations
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 17 stations
Mean, 18 stations
D. B. Brown
County surveyor
B. E. Ogletree
County surveyor
I station
Mean, 18 stations
Mean, 23 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 6 stations
P. S. Milner
W. T. Morton
Mean, 3 stations
I station
Do.
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 3 stations
Do.
County surveyor
F. E. Hilgard
County surveyor
ALASKA
Group I
Amchitka Island, Constan-
tine Harbor
Adak I., Bay of Islands
Kiska Island, Kiska Harbor
Atka Island, Nazan Bay
Attn Island, Chichagof Hbr.
Unalaska I., Cove Point
Round
Strait
Biorka
Egg
Food
Shelf
Unalaska I., Dutch Harbor
Eider
Aektok (Rootok) Pass
Basalt
Tigalda
Tigalda Bay
Ugamak
Peterson
Acherk
o /
51 24
51 49
176
51 59
E177
52 II
174
52 56
E173
53 24
167
53 46
166
53 48
166
53 50
166
53 52
166
53 52
166
53 53
166
53 54
166
53 58
166
54 03
165
54 07
165
54 08
165
54 08
165
54 13
164
54 24
162
54 29
162
o /
E179 12
32
30
15
12
30
23
18
13
03
19
14
32
35
31
23
08
00
47
38
49
1873. 58
1873.61
1873. 55
1873. 65
1873. 48
1880. 75
1901.52
1901.52
1901. 53
1901. 53
1901.51 i
1901.51 '
1900. 80 •
1901. 50 I
1901.65
1901. 60
1901.59
1901.59
1901. 62
1901.68
1901. 62
East
o /
7 17. 1
52.1
06.4
57.3
43.0
15-3
20 51
7 32
8 48
8 22
6 09
17 38
18 14.0
16 23
16 28
17 32
22 56
17 03
1845
18 19
18 18
East
/
• ft • •
W. H. Dall
• • • •
Do.
• • •
Do.
ft « • ft
Do.
ft • ft
Do.
15 13
Dall & Baker
20 50
F. H. Brundage
17 31
Do.
18 47
Do.
18 21
Do.
16 08
Do.
17 37
Do.
18 10
J. F. Pratt
16 22
F. H. Brundage
16 27
C. C. Yates
17 31
F. H. Brundage
22 55
Do.
17 02
Do.
18 44
C. C. Yates
18 18
R. L. Paris
18 17
C. Lyman
126
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
ALASKA— Continued
Station
Group /—Continued
Otter Cove
Portland Canal, south end
Pearse Island
Howkan
Amagat Island
Little Koniuji Island
Dolgoi Island, south end
Tamgas Harbor
Belkofski
Mary Island
Portland Canal, Astr'l Pt.
Humboldt Hbr., Popof I.
Peninsula Point
Kasaan Bay, Long Island
Union Bay
Chirikof Island
Kupreanof Harbor
Chiachi Islands
Port Moller
Portland Canal, head of
Dewey Anchorage
Burroughs Bay
Port McArthur
Semidi Islands
Shakan
Shakan Island
Shakan Entrance
Chignik Bay
Red Bay, Sumner Strait
Wrangell, North Base
Wrangell
Duncan Canal
St. George Island
Frederick Sound
Portage Bay, Frederick Sd.
Sitka
St. Paul Island
Woewodski Harbor
Cape Fanshaw
Cleveland Passage
Poke, Gambier Island
Killisnoo
Clot, Sanford Cove
Kodiak Island, St. Paul
Icy Strait, First
Icy Strait, Peach
Port Althorp
Auke Point
Hat, Taku River
Cross Sound, Spence
Cross Sound, Jog
Cross Sound, Lack
Funter Bay
Juneau
Dundas Bay
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
1
1
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
East
/
/
/
/
54 46
163 20
1901. 58
19 30
19 29
C. Lyman
54 46
130 24
1888.59
1
29 37-3
30 12
A. N. Wood
54 50
132 50
1881. 67
27 03. 4
27 54
H. E. Nichols
54 54
162 53
1901. 49
18 25
18 23
0. M. Leland
55 03
159 23
1880.54
21 25.2
20 10
Dall & Baker
55 03
161 43
1880.56
17 59
16 44
Do.
55 04
131 28
^^> 59
28 34.7
29 21
H. E. Nichols
55 05
162 00
1880.56
21 25.7
20 II
Dall & Baker
55 06
131 14
1895.54
28 21. 7
28 38
0. B. French
55 13
130 04
1888.66
27 44.3
28 18
A. N. Wood
55 19
160 31
1880.55
20 17.0
19 02
Dall & Baker
55 23
131 44
1885. 61
28 07. 1
28 48
R. A. Marr
55 30
132 19
1880.35
2748
28 31
Dall & Baker
55 45
132 12
1885.60
30 29. 8
31 03
R. A. Marr
55 48
1 155 43
1874. 45
23 00.9
• • •
W. H. Dall
55 48
159 25
1901. 42
20 39
20 37
0. M. Leland
55 52
: 159 05
1874. 48
21 55.9
• * • •
W. H. Dall
55 55
160 35
1874. 61
21 22. 2
• •
Do.
55 56
130 00
1888.52
30 08.6
30 36
A. N. Wood
55 56
132 22
1886.69
28 30
29 01
C. C. Marsh
56 02
131 06
1 1893. 39
30 23. 9
30 41
H. M.W.Edmonds
56 04
' 134 06
! 1886.57
27 50
28 21
C. C. Marsh
56 05
^56 39
1874. 45
22 56.9
• • • •
W. H. Dall
56 09
, 133 28
1886. 54
33 00
33 31
C. C. Marsh
56 09
1 13336
, 1886. 58
29 25
29 56
Do.
56 09
133 32
1881. 62
30 03. 2
30 44
H. E. Nichols
56 19
; 158 24
1874.46
22 01. 7
• • • •
W. H. Dall
56 20
133*15
1886.43
29 40
30 II
C. C. Marsh
56 27
132 23
1886.5
29 20
29 51
Do.
56 28
132 23
1893. 48
29 38. 3
29 55
G. R. Putnam
5636
133 06
1887. 57
30 05. 7
30 34
C. C. Marsh
5636
169 32
' 1897. 67
19 02. 7
18 48
G. R. Putnam
56 55
1 132 51
1887.44
29 38.
30 07
C. C. Marsh
57 00
' 133 20
1887.49
30 29.3
3058
Do.
57 03
135 20
1902. 00
29
« •
H. M.W.Edmonds
57 07
170 17
1897. 52
16 42.0
16 26
G. R. Putnam
57 10
134 15
1889.49
29 35
30 00
A. N. Wood
57 II
133 34
1887. 54
30 05. 1
30 34
C. C. Marsh
57 12
133 30
1 1889.33
30 13
3038
A. N. Wood
57 27
i 133 50
' 1889.53
' 30 16
30 35
Do.
57 28
134 34
1900. 76
28 14. 2
28 16
L. A. Bauer
57 41
133 28
1889.72
28 12
28 30
A. N. Wood
57 47
152 24
1896.45
; 24 33- 8
24 17
H. P. Ritter
5805
135 07
1901. 49
' 30 35
30 35
Burger& Westdahl
58 10
135 03
1901-45
30 28
30 28
L. H. Westdahl
58 12
136 24
1 1880. 46
1 32 15-5
32 37
Dall & Baker
58 12
, 134 33
' 1890.51
30 44
30 55
H. C. Poundstone
58 12
134 09
i 1893. 47
31 02
31 TO
J. E. McGrath
58 12
13638
, 1901.57
30 09
30 09
L. H. Westdahl
58 13
136 02
1 1901- 53
29 04
29 04
L. H: Westdahl
58 13
' 136 08
; 1901.53
31 19
31 19
Do.
58 14
134 55
1 1890. 68
30 15
30 26
H. C. Poundstone
58 18
134 24
1900.77
33 23.4
33 25
Bauer & Weinrich
58 22
. 136 22
1900. 76
1 31 14. 1
31 15
L. A. Bauer
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
127
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, jgo2 — Continued.
ALASKA— Continued
Station
Group /—Continued
Icy Strait, Gus
Point Lena, Lynn Canal
Taku River, Astronom. Sta.
Taku River, Island
Taku River, Duck
Taku River, Terrace
Taku River, Islet
Taku River, Fishery
Taku River, Wood
Taku River, Lean
Taku River, Nob
Taku River, Shoal
Taku River, Fast
Lituya Bay
La Perouse, Lituya Bay
Hagemeister Island
Camp Mnir, Glacier Bay
Anchorage Pt. , Chilkat Inlet
Chilkat
Chilkoot
Dalton, Chilkat River
Open, Chilkat River
Sight, Chilkat River
Koh-klux, Chilkat River
Dangerous Cape
Upper, Chilkat River
Porcupine Creek
Limber, Taiya River
Octon Cape, Yakutat Bay
Yakutat Bay, Port Mulgrave
Coal Point, Ogolnoi
Malaspina, Southwest Base
Malaspina, Northeast Base
Mount Hoorts, Yakutat Bay
Yahtse, East Base
Kokinhenic Island
Port Etches
Nunivak Island, Cape Etolin
Mag
Reef
Orca
Kun
Bright
Black (Kripniyuk)
Kwiklokchun
Head of Apoon
Okweah
Quit, near Kotlik
Pastoliak
St. Michael
Do,
Camp Davidson, Yukon R.
Current
Port Clarence
Shamansville
Lati-
tude
/
58 23
58 24
58 26
5830
5831
5831
5832
58 32
58 34
58 34
58 35
5835
5836
58 37
5838
58 48
58 50
59 10
59 12
59 12
59 20
59 21
59 23
59 24
59 24
59 24 1
59 25
59 32
59 33
59 34
59 36
59 44
59 45
59 45
59 49
60 ]8
60 21 ,
60 25
60 28
60 34
60 35
61 51
62 II
62 20
62 34
62 54
63 02
63 02
63 03
63 29
63 29
64 41
65 07
65 17
66 00
Longi-
tude
35 55
34 46
33 59
33 54
33 52
33 46
33 44
33 41
33 40
33 40
33 40
3338
33 35
37 40
37 41
60 40
36 05
35 28
35 27
35 21
35 48
35 48
35 53
35 53
51 53
35 54
36 16
35 20
39 52
39 47
51 24
40 12
40 06
39 32
41 08
45 03
46 38
66 08
46 26
45 59
45 41
65 34
63 58
65 19
64 51
64 01
64 37
63 33
63 13
62 oi
62 01
40 55
65 19
66 46
49 06
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
901.50
890.42
893.56
893- 42
893.43
893.44
893. 44
893.47
893.47
893.47
893.48
893. 52
893-51
874. 37
894.62
874.60
890.69
894.53
890.55
890.59
894.52
894.52
894.50
894.49
880.51
900.47
900.50
894.60
892.66
892.67
880.50
894.5
892.58
892.63
894.6
898.47
874. 41
874. 58
900.58
900.56
900.55
899.55
899.69
898.68
898.62
899.59
899. 62
899. 70
898.64
898.55
900.50
891.4
900. 71
900.74
891.51
East
o /
30 19
30 24
30 16.3
30 49
30 52
30 57
30 12
32 06
32 25
3t 28
31 58
32 34
31 38
30 02. 8
30 10. 1
22 52.8
30 26
30 29. o
30 39
19 39
31 56.9
31 54.5
29 54.9
24 08.3
24 32.5
32 23.7
31 25.3
32 09.0
30 24
29 55.8
25 48.5
30 43
30 42
30 51
30 29.6
29 25. 9
29 09.8
21 33.8
28 40.0
28 57- 7
29 27. 2
19 44. 8
20 37.9
19 42. 5
19 48. 8
20 35.8
20 38
21 15
21 01
22 17.3
22 54.0
35 43.0
20 53-3
19 55. 4
33 u
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
/
30 19
L. H. Westdahl
30 36
H. C. Poundstone
30 25
0. B. French
3058
S. B.Tinsley
31 01
Do.
31 06
Do.
30 21
Do.
32 15
Do.
32 34
Do.
31 37
Do.
32 07
Do.
32 42
Do.
31 46
Do.
• » • •
W. H. Dall
30 10
J. E. McGrath
• •
W. H. Dall
30 26
H. F. Reid
30 29
J. F. Hayford
30 39
H. C. Poundstone
1939
Do.
31 57
A. L. Baldwin
31 54
Do.
29 55
Do.
24 08
Do.
23 50
Dall & Baker
32 24
0. B. French
31 25
Do.
32 09
J. F. Pratt
30 15
J. E. McGrath
29 47
J. H. Turner
25 05
Dall & Baker
30 35
J. E. McGrath
30 33
Do.
30 42
Do.
30 22
Do.
29 19
H. P. Ritter
• •
W. H. Dall
• •
Do.
28 37
H.M.W.Edmonds
28 55
Do.
29 24
Do.
19 27
G. R. Putnam
20 21.
Do.
19 19
Do.
19 24
Do.
20 19
Do.
20 21
R. L. Faris
20 59
Do.
20 38
G. R. Putnam
21 53
Do.
22 44
E. R. Frisby
35 II
J. E. McGrath
20 44
J. F. Pratt
19 47
Do.
32 18
J. E. McGrath
128
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, ipo2 — Continued.
ALASKA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Group I — Continued
ChamissoHbr. , KotzebueSd.
Fort Yukon, Yukon River
Camp Colonna, Porcupine R.
Valley of Three Rivers
Near Cape Lisburne
Near Icy Cape
Uglaamie, near Pt. Barrow
Group II
Peak of Iron Island
Chichagof Harbor, Attu I.
Straits between Unalaska
and Sedaghur
Croyalgu Island
Belkofski Bay, Bailey Hbr.
Amak Island
Portage Bay
Red Fish Bay
North Cape
Red Fish Bay
Sitka Sound
Wrangell Harbor
Kodiak, near Cape Chiniak
(Greville)
Salisbury Sound
Cape Suworof
Cape Black
Clark Point
Kachemak Bay, Cook Inlet
Do.
Disenchantment Bay ( Puer-
to del Desengaiio-)
Do. .
Kulitnak River
Norton Sound
St. Laivrence Island
Yukon River
Cape Good Hope
Cape Deceit
Cape Krusenstern
Point Hope, near end of Spit
Point Demarcation
Point Anxiety
Foggy Island
Icy Cape, near Indian V.
Cross Island
On Ice, N W. of Anxiety Pt.
Wainwright Inlet
Do.
Point Comfort'
Boat Extreme
Cape Smyth, signal station
near Point Barrow
Plover Point, Point Barrow
66 13
66 34
67 25
6837
6853
70 13
71 18
51 58
52 56
53 46
54 17
55 09
55 27
55 35
56 23
56 40
56 42
5656
56 59
57 20
57 20
5842
58 43
58 49
59 30
59 46
59 51
60 00
61 41
63 28
63 43
64 56
66 03
66 06
67 II
68 19
69 41
70 10
^ -P^' I obser\'a-
^"•^^ I tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
161 49
145 18
140 59
141 00
166 06
162 15
156 40
E
E
70
16
70
20
70
28
70 31
70 35
70 37
70 43 1
71
02
71
18
71
21
78 23
73 13
66 12
64 47
62 07
63 08
60 38
34 55
35 10
35 00
35 35
56 33
52 51
35 45
57 00
62 05
5832
51 45
51 09
39 50
39 50
57 01
61 42
71 23
58 19
64 30
62 36
63 37
66 46
41 00
47 30
47 38
61 52
47 52
48 34
60 36
60 03
52 14
54 23
56 39
156 16
1880.66
1891. 48
1890.46
1890.3
1880.64
1880. 65
1883. 16
1849.5
1894.5
1789. 5
1826. 5
1879. 5
1827. 5
1893. 7
1847
1847
1847
1809
1827. 5
1839- 5
1833
1827. 5
1827. 5
1890.6
1892. 3
1895.8
1791.5
1791. 5
1844.4
1827. 5
1879. 6
1843. 5
1826. 5
1826. 5
1826. 5
1889.7
1837. 5
1837. 6
1825. 5
1889. 7
1889.6
1850. 5
1880. 6
1849- 5
1837. 6
1837. 6
1889.6
1853. 7
East
o /
26 49
35 05- o
38 06.8
40 33
25 42.8
30 05. 7
35 37- 2
14 00
10
19 30
20 50
21 08
21 15
20 20
28 15
28 50
27 45
27 30
24 00
26 44
30 00
26 15
25 10
23 40
25
24 35
32 24
32 49
26
30 30
19 05
31 46
29 28
30 18
30 12
23 10
48 23
45 00
43 ^5
28 51
38 40
44 37
38 27
36 41
43 08
42 36
33 40
40 21
Declina-
tion in
1902
Obsen'er or
authority
East
o /
25 00
34 17
3658
39 00
22 41
26 43
31 51
19 51
9 38
23 00
24 27
24 13
I 32
26 54
36 II
31 II
Dall & Baker
J. E. McGrath
H.M.W.Edmonds
J. H. Turner
Dall & Baker
Do.
P..H. Ray
M. D. Tebenkof
A. F. Fechteler
J. H. Cox
F. W. Beechey
G. W. Bailey
F. P. Liitke
Z. L. Tanner
Russian chart
Do.
Do.
Do.
F. P. Liitke
E. Belcher
Russian chart
F. P. Liitke
Do.
U. S. S. Albatross
Z. L. Tanner
F. N. Curtiss
D. A. Malaspina
Do.
Lieut. Zagoskiue
F. P. Lutke
A. Wykander
Lieut. Zagoskine
F. W. Beechey
Do.
Do.
C. H. Stockton
Th. Simpson
Do.
J. Franklin
C. H. Stockton
Do.
R. J . Le M. Maclure
C. L. Hooper
H. Kellett
Th. Simpson
Do.
C. H. Stockton
R. Maguire
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
129
Table of ike most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, ipoz — Continued.
ARIZONA
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
^^ m W
East
East
Group /
/
/
/
/
Nogaies
31 20
no 56
1892. 30
12 24.8
12 08
0. B. French
Yuma
32 44
114 37
1892. 22
13 29.6
13 16
Do.
Group II
*
1
1
Boundary Station 8
31 20
109 15
1892.6
n 56.9
II 40
J. F. Hayford
Boundary Station 9
31 20
109 43
1892.7
12 23. 1
12 07
Do.
Boundary Station 10
31 20
no 10
1892.8
12 18.8
12 03
Do.
Boundary Station 11
31 20
no 34
1892.9
12 04.5
n 48
Do.
Cochise County, SE.
• • • •
1884
12 38
12 12
Mean, 15 stations
Cochise County, SW.
1885
12 20
n 54
Mean, 27 stations
Pima County, SE.
a • •
1880
13 39
1308
Mean, 38 stations
Pima County, central
• •
1886
12 49
12 29
Mean, 26 stations
Cochise County, NE.
• « •
1884
12 51
12 25
Mean, 17 stations
Cochise County, NW.
« •
1880
1258
12 27
Do.
Fort Bowie
32 10
109 20
1873. 5
13 47.9
13 14
G. M. Wheeler
Tucson
32 14
no 58
1901. 2
13 05
13 03
G. E. P. Smith
Pima County, NE.
• •
• • • •
1870
13 17
12 42
Mean, 16 stations
Camp Grant
32 38
109 56
1895
12 25
12 13
Samuel Logan
San Pedro River
32 43
no 34
1873- 5
12 49-3
12 15
S. E. Tillman
Gila Junction
32 43
n4 33
1851.5
12 50
12 44
W. H. Emory
Duncan
32 44
109 06
1895
12 10
II 58
Samuel Logan
Graham County, SE.
• • • •
• • •
1883
12 30
12 02
Mean, 5 stations
Graham County, SW.
• • • •
• • • •
1880
13 24
12 53
Mean, 18 stations
Ynma County, Lower Gila
Valley
Solomonville
• • •
• • •
1881
14 36
14 12
Mean, 27 stations
32 49
109 39
1895
12 25
12 13
Samuel Logan
Safford
32 50
109 44
1895
12 30
12 18
Do.
Pinal County, eastern
• •
• • • • «
1880
14 12
13 41
Mean, 19 stations
Pinal County, western
• •
• • •
1877
13 32
13 07
Mean, 42 stations
Yuma Co., Colorado Valley
• •
• • • • •
1875
13 36
13 II
Mean, n stations
Maricopa County, SW.
• • • •
* • • • •
1882
13 29
1306
Mean, 31 stations
San Pedro
32 59
no 40
1851.5
12 25
12 03
W. H. Emory
Clifton
33 03
109 18
1895
12 17
12 05
Samuel Logan
Camp Thomas
33 03
no 00
1895
12 32
12 20
Do.
Pimos Villages
33 07
ni 44
1851.5
12 52
12 30
W. H. Emory
Graham County, NW.
* • •
• • • •
1875
14 10
13 37
Mean, 2 stations
Graham CoUnty, NE.
• • • «
• « • •
1887
12 30
12 06
Do.
Globe
33 23
no 47
1895
13 30
13 18
County surveyor
S. E. Tillman
Bi^ Hills
33 23
109 55
1873. 5
13 06. I
12 32
Pneto Crossing
33 34
109 55
1873. 5
12 36.3
12 02
Do.
Maricopa County, east
• • • •
•
1876
13 40
13 15
Mean, 40 stations
Gila County, west
• • •
• • a •
1881
14 15
13 45
Mean, 9 stations
Camp Apache
33 47
109 57
1871.5
14 10.7
13 36
D. W. Lock wood
Escudilla Peak
33 59
109 06
1873- 5
12 33.0
n 59
R. L. Hoxie
Bill Williams River
34 13
n3 33
1854. I
13 41
13 32
J. C. Ives
Do.
34 17
n3 26
1854. I
13 24
13 15
Do.
Apache County, south
• • • •
• • • •
1882
13 45 '
13 16
Mean, 58 stations
Navajo County, south
• • «
« • •
1883
13 58
13 30
Mean, 13 stations
Colorado River
34 23
114 06
1854. I
14 08
13 59
J. C. Ives
Yavapai County, SW.
B • •
• « • •
1874
14 05
13 40
Mean, 17 stations
Yavapai County, east
• • •
« • • •
1876
14 16
13 51
Mean, 21 stations
Tule Springs
34 32
109 06
1873.5
13 36. 4
13 02
R. L. Hoxie
Big Sandy River
34 32
n3 28
1854. 1
1358
13 49
J. C. Ives
Bouches Ford
34 33
no 04
1871.5
14 51-5
14.17
D. W. Lockwood
27478 — 02 —
9
I30
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January i, 1^02 — Continued.
ARIZONA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Big Sandy River
34 36
113 28
1854. I
14 02
13 53
J. C. Ives
Camp 130
34 36
114 16
1854.2
13 51
13 4^
Do.
Camp 132
34 46
114 23
1854. 2
13 36
13 27
Do.
Deer Spring
34 50
109 04
1873. 5
13 53-5
13 20
R. L. Hoxie
Camp 135
34 52
114 32
1854. 2
1356
13 47
J. C. Ives
Little Colorado River
34 53
no 04
1853. 9
13 42
13 17
Do.
Rattlesnake Canyon
34 56
112 17
1871.5
14 42.
14 17
D. W. Lockwood
Pueblo Creek
34 56
112 46
1854. I
13 59
13 50
J. C. Ives
Near Puerco River
34 58
109 52
1853.9
14 00
13 35
Do.
Williams River
34 59
112 57
1854. 1
14 48
14 39
Do.
Coconino County, south
Little Colorado River
• • •
• • •
1883
14 40
14 18
Mean, 58 stations
35 00
no 25
1853. 9
13 40
13 15
J. C. Ives
Do.
35 01
no 30
1853. 9
13 21
1256
Do.
Big Horse Spring
35 01
113 36
1854. I
14 18
14 09
Do.
Near Lithodendron Creek
35 02
109 41
1853. 9
13 33
1308
Do.
Camp Mohave
Jacobs Well
35 02
1 14 37
1875.7
14 45
14 20
E. Bergland
35 04
109 14
1853- 9
13 44
13 19
J. C. Ives
Navajo Spring
35 06
109 20
1853. 9
13 23
12 58
Do.
Carrito Creek
35 06
109 32
1853. 9
13 54
13 29
Do.
Williams River
35 07
113 13
r854. I
13 40
13 31
Do.
White Cliff Creek
3508
113 31
1854. I
14 42
14 33
Do.
Lockwood Springs
35 09
112 16
1871.5
14 22.0
13 57
D. W. Lockwood
Navajo County, middle
• • • •
• • • • •
1882
13 53
13 24
Mean, 78 stations
Yavapai County, NW.
• • •
• • • *
1880
14 09
13 44
Mean, 28 stations
Little Colorado River
35 12
no 37
1854.
13 39
13 14
J. C. Ives
Apache County, middle
• • • •
• • • •
1882
14 12
13 43
Mean, 94 stations
Saroux Spring
Little Colorado River
35 17
"I 39
1854.
13 52
13 27
J. C. Ives
35 18
no 53
1854.0
13 42
13 17
Do.
Mohave County, middle
• • •
• • > •
1876
15 00
14 35
Mean, 6 stations
Cedar Creek
35 21
112 20
1854.0
13 49
13 40
J. C. Ives
Canyon Spring
35 45
113 50
1871.5
14 06
13 41
D. W. Lockwood
Moencopie Canyon
36 08
ni 08
1873.5
14 23.7
13 50
R. L. Hoxie
Green Springs
36 IT
in 17
1873. 5
15 28.4
14 55
Do.
Limestone Tanks
36 32
III 32
1873. 5
15 15.7
14 42
Dc.
ARKANSAS
Group I
/
/
Camden
33 35
92 50
Monticello
33 37
91 46
Murfreesboro
34 04
93 42
Pine Bluff
34 15
92 01
Malvern
34 22
92 49
Helena
34 32
90 35
Little Rock
34 44
92 16
Little Rock, fort
34 47
92 18
Searcy
35 15
91 45
Newport
35 36
91 16
Batesville
35 47
91 39
Jonesboro
35 49
90 43
East
East
/
/
1901. 33
6 49.4
6 47
W. Weinrich
1901.31
6 14.5
6 12
Do.
1901. 35
7 08. I
7 06
Do.
1901. 33
6 27. 2
625
Do.
1901. 36
6 03.6
6 01
Do.
1890.37
6 06. 5
5 25
J. B. Baylor
1896.26
6 48.8
6 28
G. R. Putnam
1901. 37
6 35.9
6 34
Wallis& Weinrich
1901. 38
5 57.8
5 56
W. Weinrich
1901. 48
5 22.6
5 21
Do.
1901. 47
6 28.2
6 26
Do.
1901.44
5 17.8
5 16
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
131
Table of the most recent magnetic dedinatums observed in the United States and outlying
territories rediued to Jantiary I y I goz — Continued.*
ARKANSAS— Continued
Station
Lati- ; Longi-
tude ' tude
Group /—Continued
Evening Shade
Walnut Ridge
Para^ould
Corning
Group II
Union County
Ashley County
Columbia County
Lafayette County
Miller County
Chicot County
Texarkana
Bradley County
Ouachtta County
Drew County
Little River County
Hempstead County
Desha County
Prescott
Cleveland County
Lincoln County
Washita or Saline River
Dallas County
Sevier County
Do.
Clark County
Howard County
Pike County
Arkadelphia
Grant County
Jefferson County
Arkansas County
Hot Spring County
Malvern
Phillips County
Polk County
Do.
Montgomery County
Hot Springs
Garland County
Benton
Saline County
Mena
Monroe County
Do.
Clarendon
Lee County
Marianna
Lonoke County
Lonoke
Pulaski County
Williams Landing
/
/
36 04
36 04
36 05
36 25
91 38
90 59
90 32
90 35
33
33
34
24
48
34 06
34 21
34 30
34 33
34 35
34 37
• • »
34 43
• •
34 47 ;
• • •
34 49
• • • •
34 50
94 00
93
92
19
92 59
92 45
93 03
92 35
94 14
91 15
• • • •
91 20
• • • •
90 45
• « • •
91 54
• • •
92 30
Date of !
observa- '
tion
1901- 45
1901. 39
1901. 41
1901. 40
1854
1842
1857
1842
1842
1898
1898.8
1842
1853
1844
1837
1838
1843
1898.8
1844
1840
1804.5
1853
1856
1877
1850
1843
1842
1898.8
1848
1850
1849
1850
1898.8
1844
1844
1877
1845
1895
1845
1898.8
1845
1898.9
1898.7
1845
1888.9
1855
1888.9
1854
1888.9
1853
1870. 3
Declina-
tion ob-
served
6
5
5
5
East
18.7
34.0
51-6
52.4
7 45
8 13
7
7
7
5
6
37
10
47
12.6
54
8 30
7 00
7 50
8 10
8 00
7 05
6 II
8 12
8 40
8 20
7 20
9 05
825
7 40
8 15
7 56
6 55
7 40
8 40
7 24
7 30
5 23
8 05
8 17
835
8 00
7 26
8 20
7
7
7
5
7
6
7
6
01
55
39
00
18
58
30
18
7 10
6 58
7 45
7 16
Declina-
tion in
1902
6
5
5
5
East
17
32
49
50
6
6
6
5
6
5
6
7
5
6
6
6
5
6
6
7
6
5
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
7
5
5
5
6
6
7
6
7
6
6
6
7
4
5
6
6
5
5
6
6
5
15
45
09
42
19
00
43
02
30
20
45
35
36
00
42
12
26
50
36
01
08
46
28
44
08
08
52
58
12
35
47
II
30
03
50
50
25
28
48
48
II
00
31
40
II
15
31
Observer or
authority
W. W'einrich
Do.
Do.
Do.
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 21 stations
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 18 stations
J. B. Daniels
G. T. Hawkins
I station
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 4 stations
G. T. Hawkins
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 7 stations
W. Dunbar
I station
Mean, 4 stations
Boundary survey
Mean, 8 stations
I station
Mean, 11 stations
G. T. Hawkins
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 9 stations
G. T. Hawkins
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 25 stations
Boundary survey
Mean, 20 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 10 stations
G. T. Hawkins
Mean, 6 stations
G. T. Hawkins
R. S. Watkins
Mean, 9 stations
C. E. Taft
Mean, 2 stations
C. E. Taft
Mean, 16 stations
C. E. Taft
Mean, 12 stations
S. T. Abert
132
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed ifi the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, Igo^ — Continued.
ARKANSAS— Continued
Station
T,aH-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Scott County
• • p •
ft ft ft ft
1844
7 57
6 27
Mean, 25 stations
Do.
• • • •
• • ft ft
1877
8 42
7 18
Boundary survey
Prairie County
• •
ft ft • •
1847
7 35
6 05
Mean, 20 stations
Blues Point
34 50
90 26
1879. 2
6 14
4 55
J. A. Ockerson
Opposite Buck Island
Nefms Triangulation Sta.
34 52
90 20
1879. 1
6 34
5 14
J. Eisenmann
3458
90 15
1879. 2
6 22
5 03
J. H. Darling
Perry County
• *
ft ft ft
1843
8 00
631
Mean, 8 stations
Scanlan Landing
35 02
90 16
1878. 1
657
5 35
C. F. Powell
Forrest City
35 02
90 49
1888.9
6 13
5 26
C. E. Taf t
St. Francis County
> • •
ft ft ft ft
1849
7 22
5 50
Mean, 5 stations
Yell County
ft • • •
• ft ft ft
1839
806
6 39
Mean, 20 stations
Danville
35 03
93 24
1895
6 10
5 47
County surveyor
Isaac Cret* k
35 04
92 39
1870. 3
7 30
5 45
S. T. Abert
Stouts Landing
35 07
92 50
1870. 3
7 44
5 59
Do.
Crittenden County
• • •
« ft ft
1845
7 40
6 10
Mean, 2 stations
Woodruff County
• • • •
• • ft ft
1843
7 40
6 II
Mean, 11 stations
Faulkner County
• « •
ft ft ft ft
1847
7 48
6 18
Mean, 6 stations
Sebastian County
• • ft •
ft ft ft
1877
852
7 28
Boundary survey
Greenwood
35 12
94 16
1889.0
748
7 02
C. E. Taft
Wynne
35 14
90 47
1901
5 35
5 32
Newsom & Co.
Logan County
• « • ft
ft ft ft «
1841
825
657
Mean, 8 stations
White County
« • ft ft
ft ft ft ft
1851
7 10
5 39
Mean, 16 stations
Hog Thief Bend
35 17
93 03
1870. 3
8 19
6 34
S. T. Abert
Delaware Creek
35 17
93 15
1870. 3
825
6 40
Do.
Charleston
35 18
94 04
1889.0
758
7 12
C. E. Taft
Cross County
• • • ft
ft ft ft ft
1846
7 30
6 00
Mean, 8 stations
Shoal Creek
35 20
93 25
1870. 3
8 30
6 45
S. T. Abert
Roseville
35 22
93 47
187a 3
8 50
7 05
Do.
Profile Rock
35 23
93 31
1870. 3
8 34
6 49
Do.
Fort Smith
35 23
94 26
1889.0
823
7 37
C. E. Taft
Pope County
• ft ft ft
ft ft • ft
1843
7 40
6 II
Mean, 8 stations
Earns Landing
35 27
94 04
1870. 3
9 00
7 15
S. T. Abert
Clarksville
35 28
93 3«
1889.0
7 18
632
C. E. Taft
Franklin County
1845
8 00
6 30
Mean, 6 stations
Cleburne County
1843
7 35
6 06
Mean, 12 stations
Crawford County
1877
9 15
7 51
Boundary' survey
Johnson County
1844
7 40
6 10
Mean, 9 stations
Van Buren County
1843
7 35
6 06
Mean, 14 stations
Poinsett County
1848
7 35
6 04
Mean, 18 stations
Snapp
35 36
91 13
1895
5 54
5 31
County surveyor
Jackson County
1840
7 25
558
Mean, 12 stations
Mississippi County
Independence County
1844
1853
7 48
7 20
6 18
5 50
Mean, 32 stations
Mean, 13 stations
Craighead County
1849
7 00
5 28
Do.
Stone County
1844
7 30
6 00
Mean, 2 stations
Searcy County
1844
7 35
6 05
Mean, 12 stations
Washington County
1877
9 10
7 46
Boundary survey
Newton County
1844
7 36
6 06
Mean, 27 stations
Madison County
1841
7 50
6 22
Do.
Fayetteville
36 02
94 09
1889.0
758
7 12
A. Winslow
Lawrence County
1848
7 15
5 44
Mean, 12 stations
Izard County
1852
7 10
5 39
Mean, 4 stations
Sharp County
1853
7 30
6 00
Mean, 6 stations
Buffalo
36 12
92 30
1878. 5
8 00
6 39
Sutler &Wellman
Greene County
• • • •
• t • .
1855
7 25
5 55
Mean, 11 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
133
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, ipo2 — Continued.
ARKANSAS— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Marion County
• *
1840
7 43
6 16
Mean, 23 stations
Baxter County
• •
1845
853
6 23
Boundary survey
Do.
• • • •
1847
8 10
6 40
One stabon
Benton County
• • m %
1877
9 33
8 09
Boundary survey
Boone County
• • • •
1846
7 56
6 26
Mean, 12 stations
Randolph County
'. . . .
1852
7 20
5 49
Mean, 5 stations.
Carroll County
> •
1845
8 00
6 30
Mean, 15 stations
Berry ville
36 24
93 38
1901. 2
706
7 03
J. B. Potter
Clay County
• •
1846
7 25
5 55
Mean, 13 stations
Fulton County
. . . .
1852
738
607
Mean, 6 stations
Do.
i845
8 17
5 47
Boundary survey
CA]
[.IFORNIA
Group I
/
/
East
/
East
/
San Diego, La Pla3ra
32 42
117 14
1897. 12
13 30. 9
33 31
0. B. French
San Diego
32 43
117 10
1892.09
13 56. 4
1356
G. R. Putnam
Foster
32 54
116 55
1897. 13
14 21.8
14 22
0. B. French
Oceanside
33 12
117 24
1897. II
14 56. 6
14 57
Do.
Capistrano
33 30
117 40
1897. II
14 31- 1
14 31
Do.
Newport Beach
33 36
117 55
1897. 10
14 30. 6
14 31
Do.
Elsinore
33 40
117 20
1897. 16
13 53. 4
13 53
Do.
Indio
33 43
116 12
1897. 17
14 15.7
14 16
Do.
San Pedro
33 44
118 17
1897.09
.14 32. 2
14 32
Do.
San Jacinto
33 47
116 57
1897. 15
14. II. 3
14 II
Do.
Los Angeles, SB. Base
33 48
117 57
1890.33
13 25. 6
1326
L J. Gilbert
Throckmorton
Dominguez Hill
33 52
118 14
1870. 18
15 20. 8
15 24
Los Angeles, NW. Base
33 55
118 04
1890.43
14 27. 2
14 27
I. Winston
Santa Monica
34 01
118 30
1897.08
14 34.7
14 35
0. B. French
Los Angeles, magnetic obsy .
34 03
118 15
1889.38
14 23.
14 23
R. E. Halter
Los Angeles
34 04
118 15
1892. 14
14 27. 4
14 27
G. R. Putnam
North Pomona
34 06
117 45
1897.08
14 41. 7
14 42
0. B. French
San Bernardino
34 06
117 18
1897.07
14 35. 3
14 35
Do.
Ventura
34 17
119 18
1897. 02
14 48.3
1448
H. P. Ritter
Saugus
34 24
118 33
1897. 03
14 48. 3
1448
Do.
Santa Barbara
34 25
119 42
1897. 02
14 58. 4
1458
Do.
Point Conception
34 27
120 27
1872. 93
14 51.8
14 53
Throckmorton
Bagdad
34 35
115 53
1897. 03
14 29. 6
14 30
0. B. French
Oro Grande
34 35
117 20
1897.06
15 18. 7
15 19
Do.
Palmdale
34 35
118 07
1897. 05
14 50. 8
14 51
H. P. Ritter
Los Olivos
34 40
120 07
1897. 01
15 12. 1
15 12
Do.
Needles
34 50
114 36
1895. 18
14 13- 7
14 14
E. Smith
Barstow
34 54
117 01
1897. 02
14 52. 8
14 53
0. B. French
Blake
34 55
115 04
1897.06
14 41. 1
14 41
Do.
Santa Maria
34 58
120 26
1897.00
15 28, 1
15 28
H. P. Ritter
Kramer
34 59
117 36
1897. 02
14 57- 3
14 57
0. B. French
Cal . & Nev. Bound. 35* Post
35 00
114 39
1893. 48
14 37. 3
14 37
C. H. Sinclair
Mojave
35 03
118 10
1897. 05
15 00.6
15 01
H. P. Ritter
Port Harford
35 10
120 45
1896.98
15 06.0
1506
Do.
San Luis Obispo
35 II
120 44
' 1881. 29
15 36. 7
15 37
H. E. Nichols
Manvel
35 17
115 14
. X897,04
16 02. 8
16 03
0, B. French
134
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories redticed to January 7, 1^02 — Continued.
CALIFORNIA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Group I — Continued
Caliente
Asphalto
Santa Margarita
Delano
Bradley
San Lucas
Huron
Visalia
Soledad
Mount Toro
Monterey
Point Pinos
Salinas
Fresno
Mendota
Hollister
Santa Cruz
Madera
Volta
Loma Prieta
San Jose
Merced
Mt. Hamilton, Lick Obsy
Sierra Morena
Mocho
Modesto
Altamont
Presidio, San Francisco
Mount Diablo
Mount Taraalpais
Mount Conness
Stockton
San Rafael
Punta de los Reyes
Milton
Mare Island Navy -Yard
Tomales Bay
Fairfield
Napa
Boaega
Vaca
Santa Rosa
Ross Mountain
Sacramento
Woodland
Monticello
Placerville
Auburn
Point Arena
Lake Tahoe
Lake Tahoe, southeast
Cold Spring
Ukiah
Marvsville
Colusa
35
18
35
19
35
23
35 47
35
51
36
08
36
13
36
21
36
26
36
32
3636
3638
36 40
36
44
36 46
36
51
36
57
36
59
37 07
37 07
37
16
37
18
37
20
37
24
37 29
37
38
37 45
37
48
37 53
37 55
37
58
37
58
37 59
3«
00
38
03
38
06
38
II
38
15
38
17
38
18
38
22
38 27
38
30
38
33
38 40
38
40
38 45
38
55
38
55
38
55
38
57
39
01
39
08
39 09
39
12
18 38
19 36
20 37
19 16
20 48
21 01
20 06
19 17
21 20
21 36
21 54
21 56
21 40
19 48
20 22
21 28
22 02
20 03
20 56
21 51
21 53
20 28
21 38
22 18
21 33
20 59
21 40
22 27
21 55
22 36
19 19
21 17
22 33
22 59
20 51
22 16
22 57
22 02
22 15
23 00
22 05
22 43
23 07
21 29
21 47
22 II
20 48
21 04
23 42
20 05
19 57
23 31
23 13
21 36
22 02
897.06
897.08
896.97
897.09
896.96
896.95
897.11
897. 10
896.94
885.08
896.04
873- 66
896.93
897. 13
897. 14
896.89
896.92
897. 16
897. 15
884.18
896.89
897. 17
900.93
884.03
887.66
897.19
897.20
898.17
884.91
879. 84
890.66
897.22
897.68
853.1
897. 21
887.28
857. 10
897. 73
898.05
860.56
880.89
897.46
860. 04
897.79
89H. 03
880.77
897.77
897-75
889.12
879. 72
895. 83
891.80
897. 71
897.80
898.00
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
15 09-0
15 35. 7
15 54. 1
15 34.9
15 59.0
16 02. 1
16 05.8
15 59- 1
16 14.8
15 56.8
16 14.6
15 55.3
16 17.7
15 53-3
16 13.9
16 09. I
16 31.3
15 32.2
17 05. I
16 06. I
17 48.5
15 33.4
16 27
16 38. 6
16 35.4
16 26.0
17
16
16
16
15
16
17
15
15
17
16
17
17
16
17
17
16
16
18
17
18
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
Observer or
authority
II. 4
55.0
42.5
00
15.4
57.8
II. 3
35
37.6
07.6
00.4
33.0
38.4
i8.8
II. 6
28.5
23.2
05.6
10. o
12.8
20.4
40.5
12. 7
48
16 57. 2
17 23.6
45- o
53.7
17
17
16
17
16
18 07. 2
09
36
54
41
05
08
12
05
21
14
22
23
24
59
20
15
37
38
II
24
55
39
27
56
51
32
17
00
00
20
28
04
17
35
44
24
53
39
44
05
31
34
10
II
15
33
26
46
15
54
00
25
45
54
8 07
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
6
6
6
5
7
6
7
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
6
5
7
7
6
5
7
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
8
7
8
7
7
6
7
7
7
6
H. P. Ritter
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
F. Morse
Do.
Throckmorton
H. P. Ritter
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do,
R. A. Marr
H. P. Ritter
Do.
L. A. Bauer
R. A. Marr
F. Morse
H. P. Ritter
Do.
Do.
R. A. Marr
E. Hergesheimer
I. Winston
H. P. Ritter
Do.
Davidson, Lawson
H. P. Ritter
C. C. Marsh
G. Davidson
H. P. Ritter
Do.
G. Davidson
E. F. Dickins
H. P. Ritter
G. Davidson
H. P. Ritter
Do.
J. J. Gilbert
H. P. Ritter
Do.
R. A. Marr
E. Hergesheimer
C H. Sinclair
E. F. Dickins
H. P. Ritter
Do.
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
135
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, ipo2 — Continued.
CALIFORNIA— Continued
Station
Group /—Continued
Blue Canyon
Nevada City
Snow Mountain, vsrest
Oroville
Willows
Red Bluff
Mount Lassie
Cape Mendocino
Reddin?
Humboldt, Red Bluff
Bucksport
Eureka
Group II
Camp Riley
San Diego County, east
San Diego County, west
San Isabel
Orange County
Riverside County
Riverside
Los Angeles County
Santa Barbara
Ventura County
San Bernardino Co., SB.
San Bernardino Co., SW.
Santa Barbara County
Old Fort Tejon
Soda Lake
Pai-ute Creek
Tchachipai Valley
Los Angeles and Calientes
Road
Near Marl Springs
Kern County, east
Kern County, west
Desert Sprin^^s
San Bernardino Co. , NE.
San Bernardino Co. , NW.
San Luis Obispo County
Indian Well
Saratoga Springs
Penammt Valley
Tulare County, east
Inyo County, south
Wild Rose Spring
Passniore Post-Omce
Hanford
Monterey County
Furnace Creek
Cerro Gordo Landing
Fresno County, west
Lone Pine Camp
Camp Indepenc&nce
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
39 15
39 17
39 22
39 30
39 31
40 12
40 20
40 26
40 36
40 45
40 47
40 48
32 36
33 09
• • •
33 47
33 58
• • •
34 25
/
120
47
121
02
122
46
121
34
122
12
122
15
34 52
35 03
35 06
35 07
35 08
35 II
35 18
35 40
35 41
36 05
36 16
36 17
36 20
« • •
36 26
36 28
• • •
36 36
36 50
123 33
124 24
122 24
124 13
124 12
124 10
"7 05
•
116 38
• • •
116 56
117 22
119 42
"8 55
115 59
114 54
118 28
118 09
115 33
117 57
117 53
116 26
117 14
• • • • •
• • • • •
117 11
118 00
119 39
• • «
116 51
"7 51
• • • • •
118 04
118 13
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
1881. 27
1897. 74
1892.41
1897. 82
1897.98
1897.84
1892. 73
1886.27
1897. 96
1854. 33
1853. 55
1871. 58
849.5
876
868
852.5
880
900.5
S96
883
901.3
876
882
865
884
875.5
854.2
854.2
875- 5
875.5
854.2
880
882
871.5
865
859
879
875.5
871.5
875.5
873
877
875.5
875.5
887
882
875.5
875.5
868
875.5
871.5
Observer or
authority
East
/
East
/
15 38. 4
15 42
Eimbeck & Marr
17 57. 1
17 57
H. P. Ritter
18 00.3
18 02
E. F. Dickins
17 24.8
17 25
H. P. Ritter
18 14. 1
18 14
Do.
18 29. 6
18 30
Do.
19 38. 9
19 40
E. F. Dickins
18 00.5
18 06
F. Morse
18 31.5
18 32
H. P. Ritter
17 04.5
17 58
Davidson & Tod
17 06.5
18 01
G. Davidson
18 42.4
19 03
Do.
12 57
13 26
W. H. Emory
13 46
13 34
I station
13 23
13 28
Mean, 5 stations
12 34
12 59
W. H. Emory
14 00
14 00
Mean, 2 stations
14 30
14 30
G . M. Pearson
14 30
14 30
County surveyor
14 40
14 40
Mean, 4 stations
15 12
15 12
F. F. Flournoy
15 04
1505
Mean, 2 stations
14 46
14 34
Mean, 6 stations
14 00
14 08
I station
14 45
14 45
Mean, 6 stations
14 54. 5
14 56
G. M. Wheeler
13 51
14 13
J. C. Ives
14 17
14 39
Do.
14 12.0
14 13
A. W. Whipple
14 47. 7
14 49
R. Birnie
13 59
14 21
J. C. Ives
15 02
15 02
Mean, 9 stations
15 40
15 40
Mean, 5 stations
15 31
15 33
D. W. Lockwood
14 17
14 25
Mean, 4 stations
15 50
16 04
I station
1506
15 27
Mean, 6 stations
15 12.5
15 14
Engineer officer
15 05
1506
D. W. Lockwood
15 10.6
15 12
R. Birnie
14 35
15 03
I station
15 15
15 16
Mean, 14 stations
15 19.2
15 21
R. Birnie
14 54
14 55
Engineer officer
15 30
15 46
County surveyor
15 49
16 07
Mean, 5 stations
15 41
15 42
R. Birnie
15 18.7
15 20
Do.
16 12
16 46
Mean, 2 stations
15 20
15 45
Engineer officer
15 33. 7
16 04 1
Do.
136
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igoz — Continued.
C ALIFORN I A— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Inyo County, north
Off Santa Cruz
Fresno County, east
Santa Clara County
San Mateo County
Stanislaus County
Mariposa County
Alameda County
Mono Lake
Mono County
Contra Costa County
New York
Marin County
Tuolumne Countj'
Opposite Mare I. Navy- Yd.
Suisun City
Solano County
Do.
Calaveras County
Solano County
Barbers
Railroad Flat
Solano County
Amador County
Napa County
St. Helena
Sonoma County
Sacramento County
Alpine County
Eldorado County
Yolo County
Armstrong Ranch
Yanks Landg. , Lake Tahoe
Rowland
Rubicon Point
Lusks
Placer County
Sutter County
Lake County
Yuba
Colusa County
Mendocino County, south
Boundary monument, north
shore, Lake Tahoe
Hot Springs
Cisco
Yuba County
Nevada County
Willows
Glenn County
Do.
Sierra County
Butte County
Mendocino Co., north
Orland
Lati-
tude
3656
38 50
3856
3857
39 00
39 02
• • •
39 09
39 n
39 14
39 19
• • • •
• •
39 31
39 31
39 31
• • • •
39 45
Longi-
tude
37 51
38 03
3806
38 II
38 II
38 18
38 19
38 21
38 24
38 29
121 57
118 58
121 49
122 16
122 02
122 15
• • • •
• • • •
121 56
121 30
120 30
122 01
• • • •
• • •
122 28
119 47
120 03
119 59
120 06
120 07
Date of
ol)serva-
tion
121 39
• • •
• • • •
120 00
120 01 ;
120 33
122
12
122
00
122
30
• • •
• •
• •
• •
122
» •
12
880
891.8
878
880
865
866
875
864
900
885
869
850.0
863
874
888.8
850.0
894. 2
875
872
889.9
850.0
884
883.7
873
879
901.3
860
880
877
870
872
877.0
876.5
876.5
876.5
876.5
871
874
880
894
884
874
876.5
876. 5
877.5
879
868
901
901
901
867
868
892
892
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
6 09
6 15
5 34
6 20
45
20
40
07
00
02
40
41.8
52
00
7 14
5 40.5
7 30
7 00
6 20
7
6
6
7
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
5
5
5
6
5
7
5
6
7
5
30
20.0
36
30
15
54
55
22
00
45
18
00
45
51
51
37
37
06
25
15
15
43
06
51
8 01
7 II
7 06
7 07
8 05
8 05
7 30
7 05
7 00
8 03
7 40
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
6
6
5
6
6
5
6
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
7
6
7
7
6
7
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
6
6
5
5
5
5
6
5
7
5
6
7
5
29
27
56
40
24
57
06
47
02
19
13
48
34
27
29
46
39
26
49
44
26
53
48
43
15
56
08
20
08
50
29
52
59
59
46
46
20
42
25
16
49
23
59
8 10
7 20
7 17
7 25
8 05
8 05
7 30
7 25
7 26
8 04
7 41
Observer or
authority
Mean, 5 stations
Z.L. Tanner
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 20 stations
I station
Do.
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 3 stations
J. G. Thompson
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 7 stations
Chart, C. Ringold
Mean, 3 stations -
Mean, 7 stations
G. F. F. Wilde
Chart, C. Ringold
E. N. Eager
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 5 stations
E. N. Eager
Chart, C. Ringold
County surveyor
E. N. Eager
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 5 stations
J. M. Graham
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 4 stations
I station
Mean, 8 stations
I station
Engineer officer
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Mean, 16 stations
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 2 stations
C. W. Guptill
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Engineer officer
Do.
J. N. Macomb
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 5 stations
J. F. Weston
Do.
Do.
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 2 stations
County surveyor
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
137
TcMe of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January z, igoz — Continued.
CALIFORNIA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Plumas County
• • • •
• fl •
1868
17 06
17 24
Mean, 9 stations
Shelter Cove
40 03
124 09
1792. 3
15 00
• • •
G. Vancouver
Tehama County
• • • •
• • • •
.1869
17 41
18 05
Mean, 5 stations
Red Bluff
40 12
122 15
1901
18 30
18 30
W. F. Luning
Susanville
40 25 1
120 40
1877. 5
18 21
18 34
Engineer officer
Lassen County
« • •
• •
1869
17 24
17 40
Mean, 16 stations
Trinity County
• • • •
• • •
1873
18 15
1833
Mean, 3 stations
Shasta County
1
• • • •
1
• • • • •
1869
17 34
17 58
Mean, 7 stations
Humboldt County
• • • 1
• • • •
1861
17 23
18 02
Mean, 5 stations
Humboldt Bay, entrance
40 45
124 14
1895.8
18 18
18 18
Engineer officer
Duflot de Mofras
Off Trinidad
41 07
124 16
1841. 5
16 00
17 28
Modoc County
• •
• • > •
1872
17 22
17 35
Mean, 11 stations
Siskiyou County, east
1
• • • •
1887
18 50
18 54
Mean, 2 stations
Siskiyou County, west
• « • •
• • • •
1875
19 36
19 52
I station
Yreka
41 44 ;
122 40
1894
19 34
19 35
County svu^eyor
Fort Bidwell
41 52
120 09
1877.5
17 53
18 06
T. W. Symons
CO
LORADO
^~^ a y
East
East
Group I
/
/
/
/
Conejos
37 06
106 01
1899.89
13 01.8
12 57
J. A. Fleming
Trinidad
37 10
104 30
1888.86
13 46.6
13 14
J. B. Baylor
Springfield
37 24
102 36
1900.88
12 36.4
12 34
W. C. Dibrell
West Las Animas
38 04
103 13
1888.81
12 59.8
12 27
J. B. Baylor
Uncompahgre
38 04
107 28
1895. 64
14 53. 7
14 39
R. L. Faris
Lamar
3805
102 37
1900.87
12 04.7
12 02
W. C. Dibrell
Pueblo
38 14
104 38
1899.88
12 50.9
12 46
J. A. Fleming
Plateau
38 23
104 33
1894.60 •
13 02.5
12 44
F. D. Granger
Mount Ouray
38 25
106 14
1894.57
14 17.8
14 02
R. L. Faris
Sheridan T^ke
38 28
102 17
1900.86
12 16. I
12 13 •
W. C. Dibrell
Gunnison
38 33
106 56
1886.46
14 43. 2
14 08
E. Smith
Arapahoe
3846
102 05
1892. 65
13 18.0
12 54
F. W. Perkins
First View
3848
102 32
1892. 85
12 15.4
II 52
Do.
Cheyenne Wells
38 49
102 20
1900.85
12 08.4
12 06
W. C. Dibrell
Colorado Springs
3850
104 49
1886.52
14 23.6
13 46
E. Smith
Pikes Peak
38 50
105 03
1895. 57
13 55.0
1338
J. Nelson
Chiquita
3854
108 39
1895. 41
14 49-4
14 34
W. Eimbeck
Cheyenne Wells
3857
102 24
1892.82
12 39.2
12 18
F. W. Perkins
Landsman
38 57
102 35
1892. 77
12 38. I
12 17
Do.
Mount Treasury
39 00
107 06
1893.66
14 22.2
14 03
R. L. Faris
Monotony
39 02
102 14
1892.66
12 33.5
12 09
F. W. Perkins
Grand Junction
39 04
108 34
1895. 38
14 39. 9
14 25
R. L. Faris
Mount Elbert
39 07
106 27
1894.55
15 oi- 1
14 44
P. A. Welker
Burlington
39 18
102 16
1900.85
12 15.8
12 13
W. C. Dibrell
Tavaputs
39 32
109 00
1891.80
14 58. 2
14 35
P. A. Welker
Gerdts
39 42
102 40
1900.84
13 39.2
1336
W. C. Dibrell
Denver
39 46
104 54
1899.87
14 01.8
1356
J. A. Fleming
W. C. Dibrell
Yuma
40 08
102 41
1900.83
12 58.4
1256
Akron
40 10
103 13
1900.83
13 06.4
13 04
Do.
Greeley
40 26
104 40
1878. 69
14 33. 7
13 42
J. B. Baylor
Sterling
40 37
103 13
1900.83
13 03- 9
13 01
W. C. Dibrell
138
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the rnost recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January I ^ IQ02 — Continued.
COLORADO— Continued
Station
1
1
Lati-
tude
1
Longi-
tude
/
Date of
observa-
tion '
Group II
/ ,
1
La Costilla
37 00
105 30
1872. 1
Colonas Ferry
37 05
105 45
1877. 5
San Luis
37 13
105 26
1895
Conejos Count
• • • •
• • « •
1876
Purgatoire River, head of
37 18
104 19
1873. 5
north fork
Las Animas County, east
1871
Las Animas County, west
1869
Baca County
1873
La Plata County
1879
Montezuma County
• •
1880
Mancos
37 21
108 18
1895
Jan Juan River
37 23
106 46
1874.5
Costilla County
• •
* • • •
187 1
Fort Garland
37 26
105 26
1873. 5
San Juan River
37 26
106 47
1874. 5
East Boundary
37 30
102 03
1872.9
Cucharas River
37 30
105 OI
1833-5
Dolores River
37 31
108 04
1874. 5
La Veta Creek
37 32
105 03
1873- 5
Rio Grande County
• • • •
• > •
1874,
Huerfano County
• •
• • mm
1866
La Loma
37 41
106 14
1873- 5
Del Norte
37 41
106 21
1895
Simpson Peak
37 41
107 22
1874. 5
Diana Creek
37 42
107 48
1874. 5
Rio Grande
37 45
107 27
1874. 5
San Juan County
• « •
• • #
1875
Dolores County
• • •
« • •
1885
East Boundary
37 47
102 03
1872.9
Dolores River
37 47
107 57
1874. 5
San Juan mines
37 50
107 35
1873.5
Hinsdale County
• • •
• • • •
1881
Prowers County
• • •
• • • • «
• » • •
Bent County
• • •
• • • •
1871
San Miguel County
• • *
• • • •
1881
La Junta
38 00
103 32
1900.5
Wet Mountain Valley
38 02
105 25
1873. 5
Saguache, Craigs Ranch
38 02
106 37
1873. 5
Ouray
3803
107 41
1895
Custer County
38 03
105 17
1901. 2
Do.
• • • •
• * •
1871
T^as Animas
38 04
103 n
1889. 7
Otero County
• • • •
• • • • •
1871
Saguache County
• • • •
• • • « •
1876
East Boundary
38 08
102 03
1872. 9
Fort Lyon
38 08
102 50
1866.5
Pueblo County
• •
• • • •
1869
Ouray County
• • • •
• • • •
1881
Los Pinos Indian Agency
38 12
106 49
1874. 5
East Boundary
38 15
102 03
1872. 9
Hayden Creek
38 20
105 47
1874- 5
Montrose County, west
• • •
• • • •
1888
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
autliority
East
o /
4
I
3
4
4
3
3
3
4
4
3
4
4
4
5
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
26
04.2
14
22.8
25
34
45
32
20
22
58.4
II
07. 1
01
30
00.6
00
07.3
16
27
53
59
30
32
50
05
20
00
09.6
38.6
26
3 40
4 20
2 45
4 20
4 34.7
3 55
30
21
58
56
10
05
30
37
46
50
10
05.5
24
East
o /
3 32
o 16
2 58
3 18
3 24
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
3
3
4
I
3
3
3
3
3
4
3
3
3
4
3
3
I
3
3
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
3
I
3
3
4
4
2
25
32
47
50
39
07
12
16
15
15
22
03
14
09
30
30
00
43
44
46
04
19
46
52
24
52
46
15
40
40
41
28
42
40
28
26
27
56
25
57
26
35
06
04
02
3 14
3 55
C. J. Moore
Engineer officer
County surveyor
Mean, 5 stations
W. L. Marshall
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 3 stations
County surveyor
W. L. Marshall
Mean, 7 stations
W. L. Marshall
Do.
J. J. Major
W. L. Marshall
A. W. Whipple
W. L. Marshall
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 6 stations
W. L. Marshall
Countv surveyor
W. L. Marshall
Do.
Do.
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 4 stations
J. J. Major
A. W. Whipple
W. L. Marshall
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 4 stations
F. F. Lewis
W. L.MarshaU
Do.
County surv^eyor
Carl Wulsten
Mean, 4 stations
F. F. Lewis
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 14 stations
J. J. Major
J. Prince
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 3 stations
W. L. Marshall
J. J. Major
W. L. Marshall
Mean, 8 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN INITED STATES.
139
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to Jannary /, igo2 — Continued.
COLORADO— Continued
Station
Lati- I Longi-
tude I tude
Group II — Continued
Kiowa County
Fremont County
East Boundary
Arkansas River
Montrose County, east
Gunnison County
Currant Creek
High Creek
Delta
Lincoln County, south
Chaffee County
Buffalo Slough
Cheyenne County
El Paso County
Paonia
Delta County, average
20 miles north of Delta
East Boundary
Grand Junction
Mesa County, east
Lake County
Pitkin County
Aspen
Park County
Fairplay
Alma
Lincoln County, north
Kit Carson County
Douglas County
Elbert County
East Boundary
Breckinridge
Jefferson County
Garfield County, west
Garfield County, east
Eagle County
Summit County
Golden
Clear Creek Count v
Arapahoe County, east
Arapahoe County, middle
Ara]>ahoe County, west
Gilpin County
East Boundary
Do.
Do.
Do.
Rio Blanco County, east
Boulder
Boulder County
Toponas
Grand County
Yuma, Meridian Line
38 52
' • • • •
, 39 00
39 01
39 04
39 "
• • •
39 14
39 15
• « • •
39 26
39 28
• t •
* •
39 52
39 54
o /
38 48 ! 105 42
107 36
• • • •
108 00
102 03
108 34
106 50
• • • •
106 00
106 02
« • •
102 03
106 02
39 45 105 13
38 25 ;
38 28 1
• «
102 03
105 51
• •
38 40
38 41 '
3845
• • • •
105 30 :
105 18 1
108 03
• • •
• • • •
I
102 03
102 03 1
39 57
39 59
102 03
102 03
• • •
40 01
• • •
105 16
• • • «
40 04
• • •
iq6 48
• • •
40 08
• • • •
102 41 '
Date of
observa-
tion
871
877
872.8
873-5
884
882
873.5
873.5
900
870
876
873. 5
870
869
900
901
900
872.8
895
892
875
891
895
872
879.5
895
870
870 ,
866
866
872.8
900
865
894
890
890
891
900. 7
867
871
862
860
867
872.8
872.8
872.8
872.8
883
901. 2
866
895
879
901. o
Declina-
Declina-
y^l
tion ob-
served
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
/
F.ast
/
13 25
12 25
Mean, 2 stations
14 27
1338
Mean, 7 stations
13 30
12 22
J. J. Major
14 41
13 48
W. L. Marshall
14 25
13 50
Mean, 5 stations
14 44
14 06
Mean, 13 stations
14 24. I
13 32
W. L. Marshall
15 0O-7
14 08
Do.
M 32
14 28
J. A. Curtiss
14 12
13 TO
Mean, 7 stations
15 T2
14 27
Mean, 4 stations
14 24. 7
13 32
W. L. Marshall
13 50
12 38
Mean, 4 stations
14 57
14 01
Mean, 9 stations
15 15
15 "
J. A. Curtiss
14 35
U 34
Do.
14 25
14 21
Do.
13 30
12 22
J. J. Major
14 48
14 31
County surveyor
15 05
14 43
Mean, 4 stations
15 40
14 49
I station
15 02
14 38
Mean, 3 stations
15 00
14 44
County surveyor
15 36
14 43
Mean, 8 stations
14 26
13 40
Engineer officer
13 50
13 34
W. H. Powless
14 10
13 08
Mean, 2 stations
14 00
12 48
Do.
15 10
14 13
Mean, 6 stations
14 22
13 25
Mean, 7 stations
13 35
12 27
J. J. Major
14 GO
1356
G. B. Walker
14 56
13 59
Mean, 5 stations
15 20
15 03
Mean, 2 stations
15 25
14 59
Mean, 4 stations
14 51
14 25
Do.
14 30
14 06
Mean, 2 stations
14 14
14 II
R. S. Stockton
15 02
14 05
Mean, 2 stations
14 10
13 10
Mean, 14 stations
14 30
13 24
Do.
15 05
1358
Mean, 11 stations
15 02
14 05
Mean, 2 stations
; 14 05
12 57
J. J. Major
14 00
12 52
Do.
14 00
12 52
Do.
14 10
13 02
Do.
15 10
14 33
Mean, 2 stations
14 30
14 28
G. W. Teal
15 06
14 09
Mean, 10 stations
14 30
14 14
County surveyor
15 03
14 21
Mean, 11 stations
12 58
12 56
Ira Edwards
140
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
TabU of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, 1^2 — Continued.
Station
Group //—Continued
Yuma, Weld Avenue
Yuma County
Washington County
Weld County, southwest
Morgan County
Fort Morgan
Loveland
Greeley
Phillips County
Routt County, east
Routt County, west
Larimer County, east
Larimer County, west
Logan County
Weld County, northeast
Weld County, northwest
Sedgwick County
Northern Boundary
COLORADO— Continued
Lati-
tude
o /
40 08
• • «
40 15
40 23
40 26
41 00
Longi-
tude
o /
102 41
• • •
• • * • •
• • • • •
• • •
103 47
105 04
104 41
105 00
Date of
Declina-
Declina-
Observer or
authority
observa-
tion
tion ob-
served
tion in
1902
East
East
/
/
1901. 2
12 00
II 58
Ira Edwards
1866
14 30
13 26
Mean, 6 stations
1868
14 40
13 37
Mean, 11 stations
1861
15 05
13 59
Mean, 13 stations
1871
15 05
14 05
Mean, 12 stations
1900
14 08
14 04
R. F. Walter
1900
14 15
14 II
Do.
1900
14 12
14 08
Do.
1872
14 40
13 41
I station
1887
15 26
14 55
Mean, 17 stations
1891
15 18
14 54
I station
1865
15 14
14 17
Mean, 9 stations
1877
15 00
14 16
Mean, 2 stations
1870
14 46
13 44
Mean, 5 stations
1870
15 30
14 28
I station
1864
15 10
14 05
Mean, 11 stations
1880
14 20
13 31
Mean, 2 stations
1866.5
15 15
14 II
John Prince
CONNECTICUT
Group I
Stamford
Round Hill
Norwalk
Black Rock
Bridgeport
Millford
Saybrook
Tashua
Sachem's Head
Fort Wooster
Oyster Point
New Haven
Groton Point
Stonington
Wooster
Sandford
Westfield
Schoolhouse Hill
Taylor
Hartford a
Box Hill
Ivy
Bald Hill
Group II
Toilsome Hill
Double Beach
41 04
41 06
41 07
41 09
41 10
41 14
41 16
41 16
41 17
41 17
41 17
41 18
41 18
41 20
41 21
41 28
41 34
41 40
41 40
41 46
41 48
41 52
41 58
41 12
41 14
73 32
73 40
73 25
73 13
73 II
73 04
72 21
73 15
72 44
72 54
72 56
72 55
72 05
71 54
73 29
72 57
72 43
72 41
72 35
72 40
72 27
73 14
72 12
73 13
72 51
1844. 70
1833. 52
1844. 70
1845. 72
1845.71
1845.72
1845.63
1863.69
1845.64
1848. 64
1855.63
1895.65
1845.62
1845. 60
1864. 59
1862.77
1891.73
1891.73
1891.79
1890.78
1861.79
1863. 58
1861.71
1880.5
1884.55
West
o /
6
5
6
6
6
6
6
36.0
43
49.4
53.5
19.3
38.3
49.9
8 02.5
6 15.2
25.5
02.7
36.3
29.5
38.1
37.6
01.7
46
49
28
01.5
8 30.4
8 25.7
8 50.4
8 54
9 25.8
7
7
9
7
7
7
7
9
9
9
9
West
o /
9 57
9 48
10 10
10 10
9 36
9 55
10 06
10 04
9 32
10 30
938
9 51
10 46
10 55
9 36
9 07
10 10
10 13
9 52
9 28
10 40
10 28
11 00
9 51
10 II
J. Renwick
F. R. Hassler
J. Renwick
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Dean & Lyman
J. Renwick-
J. S. Ruth
C. A. Schott
J. B. Baylor
J. Renwick
Do.
R. E. Halter
E. Goodfellow
W. C. Hodgkins
Do.
Do.
J. B. Baylor
Dean & Halter
Dean & Lyman
Dean & Halter
J. P. Bogart
O. T. Sherman
a Local disturbance.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
141
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January i, 1^02 — Continued.
CONNECTICUT— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
/
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
. Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
West
/
West
/
South End
41 14
72 53
1884. 55
8 46.2
9 31
0. T. Sherman
Lyme
41 18
72 17
1810.5
4 30
9 45
A. Miller
New Haven
41 18
72 56
1900.7
10 02
10 05
C. A. Wheeler
Danbury
41 22
73 23
1810.5
5 41
10 56
A. Miller
Centerville
41 23
72 54
1884.6
9 06. 2
9 51
0. T. Sherman
Middletown
41 34
72 39
1895
10 00
10 15
County surveyor
Hebron
41 38
72 18
1835.5
6 00
9 58
G. Gillet
Vicinity of Hartford
« « •
• • «
1891
10 10
10 34
A. W. Rice
Storrs
41 48
72 15
1901. 3
10 30
10 31
C. A. Wheeler
Pomfret
41 52
71 57.
1810.5
5 05
10 20
A. Miller
Putnam
41 55
71 55
1866
9 30
II 20
Edgar Clark
Above Hartford
41 58
72 38
1875.
9 13
10 30
T. C. Ellis
DELAWARE
Group I
Dagsboro
Cape Henlopen
Pilot Town
Lewes Landing
Harrington
Dover
Bombay Hook
Fort Delaware
Newark
Sawyer
Wilmington
Group II
Delaware City
/
38 33*
38 47
3847
38 49
3855
39 09
39 22
39 35
39 41
39 42
39 47
39 35
75 16
75 05
75 10
75 12
75 35
75 31
75 31
75 34
75 44
75 34
75 32
West
o /
1899.49
1885. 58
1846. 50
1846. 50
1899.48
1897.35
1899.48
1846. 45
1899.48
1846. 42
1875. 55
5
4
2
2
6
6
6
3
5
2
3
29.8
59.6
42.7
45.0
05.6
18.8
31.8
16.8
19.6
48.3
44.4
75 36 1842. 50 3 30
West
o /
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
6
5
36
50
07
09
12
32
38
41
26
13
13
7 09
J. A. Fleming
J. B. Baylor
J. Locke
Do.
J. A. Fleming
O. B. French
J. A. Fleming
J. Locke
J. A. Fleming
J. Locke
J. M. Poole
Barnett
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Group I
Washington C. & G. S.
Office station
Causten, Georgetown Hts.
Group II
Washington Naval Obser-
vatory, old site
Washington Naval Obser-
vatory, new site
/
/
38 53
77 00
3856
77 04
38 54
77 03
3855
77 04
I90I.5
1855- 77
1892. 50
1894.50
E. or W,
/
West
/
5 07. 5 W
5 09
Various
I 04. W
358
C. A. Schott
4 14. 2 w
4 45
3 40. W
4 04
142
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, ig^o2 — Continued.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
'SE. side m. s.
SW. "
cC
s
u
u
•4-1
Q
((
SE.
SE.
SE.
SE.
SE.
SW.
SE.
East comer
NE. side m. s.
NE.
NE.
9
I
8
(t
<(
i(
i(
((
t(
((
< t
4i<NW.
•^ NW.
o
S)
c
o
S
o
PQ
i(
IC
((
NW.
NE.
NE.
NE.
NW.
NW.
NE.
NE.
NE.
NW.
NW.
.North corner
((
4C
II
<l
(C
t(
(t
<t
i<
t c
/
6
5
3
7
2
9
8
7
2
o
4
6
5
4
5
7
3
2
I
8
9
Lati- . Longi-
tude tude
38 48
38 48
38 49
38 49
38. 50
38 50
38 52
38 52
3852
3853
38 54
38 55
3855
38 55
3855
3856
3856
38 57
38 57
38 57
3858
3858
38 59
3859
3859
38 59
39 00
77 02
77 03
77 01
77 00
76 59
76 59
76 57
77 08
7656
76 55
76 55
76 56
76 57
77 09
77 08
77 07
7658
76 59
76 59
77 06
77 05
77 00
77 01
77 02
77 04
77 03
77 02
Date of
observa-
tion
1792.0
4<
((
( t
t (
4i
(t
<<
t (
ii
It
• (
i i
(»
t t
( 1
t i
(I
4(
44
4 4
4 4
44
4 4
44
44
Declina-
tion ob-
served
£. or W.
o /
o 37
o 30
o 34
o 25
o 18
o 21
o 08
o 05
04
10
o
o
o
o
I
o
o
o
o
19
24
08
35
10
03
51
O 22
o 25
o 45
o 59
o 18
12
06
29
00
25
I
I
o
2
I
E
W
E
E
E
E
W
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
W
E
E
W
W
E
W
E
E
E
E
E
Declina-
tion in
1902
West
o /
4
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
■^
4
5
5
3
4
3
3
4
2
3
03
10
06
15
22
19
48
35
36
30
21
16
32
05
30
43
49
18
05
25
41
58
28
34
II
40
15
Observer or
authority
A. Ellicott
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
FLORIDA
^^ > T
East
East
Group I
/
/
/
/
Sand Key
24 27
81 53
1849. 64
5 28.8
2 35
J. E. Hilgard
Kev West
24 33
81 48
1896. 12
2 49-2
2 32
G. R. Putnam
Bird Kev, Dry Tortugas
24 37
82 54
1880.04
3 42.6
2 35
S. M. Ackley
Cape Sable Base
25 08
81 02
1855. 4
5 23
2 49
A. D. Bache
Cape Florida, Key Biscayne
Hills
25 40
80 10
1850. 15
4 25.2
I 34
J. E. Hilgard
26 16
80 05
1884.06
2 43. I
I 48
B. A. Colonna
Punta Rasa
26 29
82 01
1866.49
4 01.5
2 06
A. T. Mosman
Spencer
26 44
80 02
1884. 21
2 51.6
I 58
B. A. Colonna
Fort Jupiter
26 54
80 05
1880.18
2 50.7
I 43
J. B. Baylor
House of Refuge, No. 2
27 12
4S0 10
1883.04
2 35.9
I 38
B. A. Colonna
Bell
27 28
80 20
1883.34
2 12. I
I 15
Do.
St. Lucie, Fort Capron
27 29
80 15
1880.17
2 24.9
I 18
J. B. Baylor
Tampa
27 57
82 27
1887.08
3 OI-6
2 12
Do.
Turkey Creek
28 04
8035
1878. 38
3 09.1
I 44
R. M. Bache
Eau Gallie
28 09
80 37
1880. 15
I 59.8
41
J. B. Baylor
Enterprise
2853
81 14
1880.13
2 46. I
I 27
Do.
Cedar Keys
29 08
83 02 '
1900.35
2 34.2
2 28
D. L. Hazard
Cape »St. George
Palatka
29 37
85 06
1853. 26
6 02. 1
3 17
J. G. Oltmanns
29 38
81 38
1900.33
I 11.5
I 06
D. L. Hazard
Gainesville
29 39
82 19 .
1900.34
2 14-4
2 09
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
143
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States ajid outlying
territories reduced to January /, igoz — Continued.
FLORIDA— Continued
Station
Group /—Continued
Cape San Bias
Apalachicola
Dog Island Light
St Augustine
St. Marks Light
Hurricane Island
Perry
Lake City
Baldwin
Jacksonville
Pensacola, Navy-Yard
Pensacola
Tallahassee
Sand String
Pond
Mill Point
Madison
Devil Point
Lindsay
Shield Point
Femandina
De Funiak Springs
Marianna
Group II
Florida, reef off west end
Florida, reef off Bahia Honda
Monroe County
Dade County
Gasparilla Island Light
De Soto County
Manatee County
Braidentown
Eiarmont Key, Tampa Bay
Hillsboro County
Do.
Bartow
Polk County
Brevard County
Osceola County
Kissinmiee
Pasco County
Hernando County
Brooksville
Orlando
Orange County
Titusville
Sumter County
Lake County
Citrus County
Inverness
Volusia County
Daytona
Ocala
Longi-
tude
29 40
29 43
^9 47
29 54
30 04
30 04
30 06
30 II
30 18
30 20
30 21
30 25
30 26
30 27
30 27
30 28
30 29
30 30
30 30
30 35
30 40
30 43
30 47
24 15
24 30
26 43
27 30
27 36
27 54
28 18
28 32
28 32
• • • •
2836
28 50
• • • •
29 08
29 II
85 22
84 59
84 40
81 19
84 II
85 39
83 35
82 38
81 58
81 39
87 16
87 12
84 18
87 06
86 56
86 56
83 25
87 09
87 03
87 01
81 27
86 07
85 13
82 40
81 15
82 16
82 35
82 46
81 50
81 24
82 22
81 22
80 48
• • •
• • •
• • • •
82 19
• * •
80 58
82 08
Date of
observa-
tion
854.08
860.09
853. 25
900.32
852. 25
854-10
900.36
900.30
900.30
900.31
900.39
861.02
900.37
894.29
894.24
894.23
900.29
894.31
894.27
893- 14
900.32
900.38
900.37
1818.5
1833
1885
1870
1891. o
1850
1843
1901.4
1843. 5
1845
1901. 2
1901.0
1850
1870
1858
1891
1846
1843
1901.0
1893
1865
1879. 7
1845
1843
1855
1894
1850
1876. 2
1890
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902 «
East
6 06. 5
6 12. o
5 51.2
I 22. 2
5 29.2
6 12. 2
2
I
2
I
4
6
2
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
I
3
3
6
6
3
3
3
4
4
I
5
4
2
I
4
3
3
2
4
4
I
2
3
2
4
4
4
2
4
3
2
19-7
31.5
04. 1
15.6
25.7
42. 2
19.8
50.7
22.0
26.5
27.4
56.0
43-6
37-2
19.6
36.4
41.3
33
07
20
20
07
18
45
57
25
35
20
38
40
00
45
30
22
50
57
27
43
05
30
"20
06
35
10
14.5
26
East
3
3
3
I
2
3
2
I
I
I
4
4
2
4
3
3
2
4
4
4
I
3
3
2
2
2
I
2
24
45
02
17
37
30
14
26
58
10
20
18
14
24
54
59
22
28
16
06
14
31
36
25
29
30
39
35
28
33
55
13
30
17
35
37
05
07
53
04
29
54
57
30
44
14
59
19
09
07
40
46
Observer or
authority
J. G. Oltmanns
G. W. Dean
J. G. Oltmanns
D. L. Hazard
J. E. Hilgard
J. G. Oltmanns
D. L. Hazard
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
G. W. Dean
D. L. Hazard
H. L. Stidham
Do.
Do.
D. L. Hazard
H. L. Stidham
Do.
P. A. Welker
D. L. Hazard
Do.
Do.
Livingston
British Admiralty
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 5 stations
J. L. Brownlee
Mean, 3 stations
I station
E. B. Camp
L. M. Powell
Mean, 10 stations
T. J. Beaty, jr.
H. T. Battaile
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 4 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 9 stations
John F. Hall
J. O. Fries
Mean, 9 stations
J. F. Le Baron
Mean, 17 stations
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 4 stations
G. T. Hampton
Mean, 8 stations
D. D. Rogers
County surveyor
144
MAGNETIC DECVNATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igoz — Continued
FLORIDA— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued ,
Marion County
Levy County
Orange Springs
Putman County
Alachua County
Lafayette County
St. Joseph Bay Light
Starke
Bradford County
St. Marks
Wakulla County
Calhoun County
Columbia County
Suwanee County
Liveoak
Liberty County
Baker County
Duval County
Jefferson County
Washington County
Madison County
Hamilton County
Jasper
Amelia Island Light
Lati-
tude
o /
29 30
29 52
29 56
• • •
30 08
30 17
30 30
30 40
Longi-
tude
81 57
« »
85 23
82 06
• • •
84 II
82 59
82 57
81 26
Date of
observa-
tion
1842
1863
1835. 5
1834
1835
1831
1843.5
1901.2
1850
1875.4
1881
1881
1881
1863
1895
1895
1837
1881
1825
1881
1866
1891
1895
1889.5
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
438
4 08
5 25
5
5
6
6
2
5
4
4
4
3
4
2
3
5
2
6
4
4
3
2
I
28
18
10
24
18
30
30.3
05
55
00
15
30
30
52
20
10
50
05
10
38
57
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
I 14
I 48
I 45
I 46
1 38
2 22
3
2
2
2
2
3
I
I
2
3
2
I
2
3
I
2
2
I
17
15
27
54
50
40
45
55
07
07
17
05
30
35
55
33
15
13
Observer or
authority
Mean, 14 stations
Mean, 4 stations
P. J. Latham
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 8 stations
I station
L. M. Powell
H. E. Lager^en
Mean, 5 stations
J. M. Poole
Mean, 2 stations
Do.
I station
Mean, 2 stations
County surveyor
I station
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 3 stations
I station
Do.
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 2 stations
County surveyor
W. P. Paret
GEORGIA
Group I
/
/
East
/
East
/
Thomasville
30 50
83 59
1900. 28
2 20.
2 14
D. L. Hazard
Dupont or Lawton
Pelham
3058
82 55
1880.08
2 26.0
I 06
J. B. Baylor
31 07
84 09
1900. 27
2 26.6
2 21
D. L. Hazard
Brunswick
31 09
81 30
1887. 15
I 48.5
56
J. B. Baylor
Waycross
31 II
82 22
1887. 14
2 01.5
1 09
Do.
Butler, St. Simons Island
31 18
81 21
1872. 20
2 42.9
54
A. T. Mosman
Cedar Point
31 30
81 21
1902.05
54.0
54
0. B. French
Albany
31 34
84 08
1900. 27
2 03.6
I 58
D. L. Hazard
Jesup
Skiddaway N. Base
31 36
81 55
1887. 17
I 44.8
52
J. B. Baylor
31 56
81 02
1856. 30
3 25.0
40
A. W. Longfellow
Tybee Light
32 02
80 51
1870. 38
2 20.5
25
C. 0. Boutelle
Savannah, Hutchinsons I.
32 05
81 05
1895. 41
57.2
34
J. B. Baylor
Oglethorpe
32 17
84 04
1900. 26
2 10. 2
2 04
D. L. Hazard
Macon
32 49
83 37
1900.25
I 56.5
I 50
Do.
Milledgeville
33 04
83 16
1900. 24
2 40.4
236
Do.
Warrenton
33 23
82 40
1900. 24
I 14. 1
I 08
Do.
Augusta
53 28
81 57
1900. 23
42.9
37
Do.
Atlanta
33 44
84 22
1896. 29
I 51. 1
I 32
G. R. Putnam
Atlanta Base (P. T. Ridge)
33 54
84 17
1873. 12
3 34.9
I 49
F. P. Webber
Lawrenceville
33 58
84 00
1874. 94
3 24.8
I 46
C. 0. Boutelle
Kenesaw
33 59
84 35
1873. 58
4 43.4
3 00
F. P. Webber
Carnes
34 00
85 01
1873.97
4 05. 5
2 24
Do.
Sweat
34 04
84 27
1873. 77
5 36.9
3 54
Do.
Cumming
34 12
84 08
1873. 86
3 13.5
I 31
H. W. Blair
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
145
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
GEORGIA— Continued
Station
Group /—Continued
Sawnee
Rome
Pine Log
Lavender
Grassy
Skitt
Currahee
Johns
Group II
Folkston
Bainbridge
Owens Ferry
Dupont
Colquitt County
Mimsville*
Darien
Fort Gaines
Hinesville
Cuthbert
Lumber City
Clyde
Lnmpkin
Sumter County
Dooly County
Beards Creek
Cottage Green
Ashville
Oak Level
Springfield
Perry
Columbus
Black Creek
Swainsboro
Talbot County
Johnson County
Knozville
Birdsville
Jacksonboro
Millen
Mill Haven
Sandersville
Jones County
Monroe County
Lagrange
Waynesboro
Butts County
Griffin
Eatonton
Fayetteville
Claj-ton County
Appling
Madison
Campbell County
Washington
Walton County
34 M
34 15
34 19
34 19
34 29
34 30
34 32
34 37
30 48
30 55
30 56
31 00
• • • •
31 15
31 26
31 38
31 48
31 49
31 57
32 02
32 02
32 18
32 27
32 27
32 39
32 39
32 43
32 48
32 49
32 46
32 56
32 57
• • •
• • •
33 oi
33 03
• • • •
33 15
33 21
33 26
• • « •
33 32
33 34
33 44
tq •_ Date of
^..P^' I observa-
tude
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
84 10
85 08
8438
85 X7
84 20
8343
83 23
85 06
82 01
8436
81 51
82 53
• • • •
84 34
81 26
85 09
81 37
84 48
82 45
81 24
84 48
81 19
83 44
84 59
8j 28
82 30
84
82
81
81
81
00
13
43
57
47
82 50
85 01
82 00
• m % %
84 16
83 23
84 27
A' »
82 19 I
83 40 ;
• • • 1
82 42 !
1873. 83
1896.27
1874. 61
1874. 95
1874. 56
1874. 63
1874,80
1875. 47
900
839.5
895
901
895
895
838.5
839.5
838.5
839.5
875.5
838.5
839.5
901
895
838
837
837
837
837.5
901
895
837.5
838.5
895
895
895
837.5
837.5
875.5
837.5
838.5
901
895
895
837.5
900
895
838.5
901
893
837.5
838.5
895
900.4
901
East
East
/
/
2 55-
I 12
2 17.5
f 57
4 00.
2 21
358.9
2 20
3 36.0
I 57
2 35.5
56
2 47.9
I 09
3 57.1
2 20
I 15
I 10
5 30
I 59
I 15
52
I 00
58
I 45
I 22
I 30
I 07
5 05
I 32
5 31
2 00
5 05
I 32
5 30
I 59
3 10.8
I 34
5 05
I 32
5 27
I 56
I 15
I 13
I 45
I 22
5 23
I 50
5 05
I 30
5 05
I 30
5 05
I 30
5 05
I 30
I 45
I 43
2 30
2 07
5 04
I 29 .
5 04
1 31
2 00
I 37
3 00
2 37
2 15
. I 52
5 01
I 26
4 55
I 20
2 37.3
I 00
5*04
I 29
5 27
I 54
I 45
I 43
I 15
52
2 30
2 07
5 04
I 29
I 25
I 20
I 36
I 13
4 32
59
T 30
I 28
2 00
I 30
5 00
I 25
4 29
56
I 30
I 07
I 08
I 02
I 30
I 28
C. O. Boutelle
J. B. Baylor
F. P. Webber
Do.
C. O. Boutelle
Do.
Do.
F. P. Webber
J. R. Cooper
State Geol. Surv.
J. H. King, jr.
J. B. Coon
County surveyor
Do.
State Geol. Surv.
Do.
Do.
Do.
J. M. Poole
State Geol. Surv.
Do.
D. P. Holt
County surveyor
State Geol. Surv.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
G. W. Killen
County surveyor
State Geol. Surv.
Do.
County surveyor
Do.
Do.
State Geol. Surv.
Do.
J. M. Poole
State Geol. Surv.
Do.
S. L. Chiles
County surveyor
Roy Dallas
State Geol. Surv.
J. C. Maddux
M. F. Tutuilla
State Geol. Surv.
R. H. Bennett
W. J. Lee
State Geol. Surv.
Do.
County surveyor
Professor Bartlett
C. M. Boot
27478 — 02 10
146
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, 1^2 — Continued.
GEORGIA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina*
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Lincolnton
33 46
82 29
1837. 5
5 09
I 34
State Geol. Surv.
Buchanan
3348
85 12
1900
2 00
I 55
J. S. Dean
Monroe
33 51
83 43
1838. 5
5 10
I 37
Stete Geol. Surv.
Goshen
33 52
82 33
1837. 5
5 09
I 34
Do.
Athens
33 56
83 26
1S96
I 42
I 23
County surveyor
Cobb County
• • •
• • •
1901
I 06
I 04
F. B. Barber
Milton County
« • •
« •
1901
2 15
2 13
R. C. Nesbit
Elberton
34 06
82 52
1837. 5
4 33
58
State Geol. Surv.
Stilesboro
34 07
84 56
1895
2 30
2 07
H. T. McCormick
J. T. Moore
Rome
34 15
85 08
1900.7
I 18
I 14
Homer
34 19
83 31
1895
I 30
I 07
Couhty surveyor
Carnesx-ille
34 22
83 14
1837. 5
5 01
I 26
State Geol. Surv.
Dahlonega
34 35
8358
1898
I 45
I 33
C. J. Norwood
Toccoa Falls
34 36
83 20
1837-5
5 00
I 25
State Geol. Surv.
Cleveland
34 37
83 47"
1895
I 15
52
County surveyor
Gilmer County
• •
• •
1896
2 00
I 41
M. S. Clayton
Chickamauga
34 52
85 18
1893
2 02
I 32
County surveyor
Morganton
34 53
84 14
1895
2 30
2 07
C. G. Baugh
Towns County
• • •
• • • »
1901
I 45
I 43
R. G. Sutton
HAWAIIAN ISLANDS
Group I
Kilauea, Hawaii
Napoopoo, Hawaii
Kalaieha, Hawaii
Hilo, Hawaii
Waiau, Hawaii
Waimea, Hawaii
Kawaihae, Hawaii
Lahaina, Maui
Kahului, Maui
Waikiki, Oahu
Honolulu, Oahu
Sisal A, Oahu
Sisal B, Oahu
Honolulu Mag. Obs'y,Oahu
Puuloa Point, Oahu
Puuloa R. R. station, Oahu
HonouliuH Ranch, Oahu
Kahuku, Oahu
Nonopapa, Niihau
Waimea Bay, Kauai
19 25
19 29
19 43
19 44
19 49
20 02
20 02
20 52
20 54
' 21 16
1 21 18
•1
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
19
19
19
19
20
20
43
55
57
155 16
155 59
155 26
155 04
155 27 I
155 38 I
155 48 !
156 41 '
156 28
157 50 I
157 52
158 04
158 04
158 04
157 58
157 56
158 02
157 59
160 13
159 42
1900.87
1892. 63
1892. 53
1900.04
1892.56
1892.52
1892.50
1900. 10
1899.96
1891.61
1900.88
1900.87
1900.88
1902.00
1900.89
1900.89
I9<x). 86
1900.83
1892.69
1892.68
East
o /
9 00. 7
9 08. 1
9 52.6
8 43.8
10 22.7
9 05.7
9 20.6
9 24.8
857.3
10 05. 2
10 23.9
18.5
16.6
17.5
10 04. 2
10 09.7
10 25.9
10 25.0
10 01.4
9 46.3
9
9
9
East
o /
9 02
9 23
10 07
8 47
10 37
9 20
9 35
9 28
9 00
10 21
10 26
9 20
9 18
9 18
10 06
10 II
10 28
10 27
10 16
10 00
L. A. Bauer
E. D. Preston
Do.
E. R. Frisby
E. D. Preston
Do.
Do.
E. R. Frisby
Do.
E. D. Preston
L. A. Bauer
Do.
Do.
J. A. Fleming
L. A. Bauer
Do.
Do.
Do.
E. D. Preston
Do.
IDAHO
Group I
Lewiston
Lake Pend d' Oreille
Siniaquoteen
46 28
47 58
48 10
117 05
116 30
116 45
1881. 71
1881. 70
1881. 67
East
o /
21 26. 2
22 05. 4
22 28.5
East
o /
21 16
21 55
22 18
J. S. Lawson
Do.
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
147
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
IDAHO— Continued
Station
Uti- '
tude 1
Longi-
tude
1
Date of \
observa-
tion
r
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
•
Observer or
authority
_^m^ ^ ^
East '
East
Group II
/
/
/
/
Utah Boundary
42 00
III 07
1871. 7
17 30 i
1706
D. G. Major
Do.
42 00
III 16
1871. 7
17 30
1706
Do.
Do.
42 00
I" 35
1871.7
17 55
17 31
Do.
Do.
42 00
III 49
1871. 7
17 41
17 17
Do.
Do.
42 00
112 02
1871. 7
1750
17 26
Do.
St. Charles Canyon
42 05
III 32
1877. 5
18 08 j
17 50
S. E. Tillman
Oregon Boundary
42 06
117 03
1867.9
18 31 1
18 38
D. G. Major
Robbins Ford
42 lo
III 49
1877. 5
17 48
17 30
S. E. Tillman
Oneida County, east
• • •
• « *
1872
18 00
17 45
Mean, 3 stations
Malade City
42 II
112 16
1877. 5 •
17 44
17 26
R. Bimie
Bear River
42 13
III 08
1877. 5
17 59- 5
17 42
S. E. Tillman
Mink Creek
42 13
III 44
1877. 5
17 51
17 33
Do.
Camp 80, S. of Oxford set.
42 14
112 01
1877. 5
18 21
18 03
W. Young
Cassia County, east
• •
• • •
1881
17 48
17 34
Mean, 14 stations
Cassia Countv, west
• • • •
• • • «
1889
17 48
17 36
Mean, 18 stations
Oneida County, southwest
• • • •
« • • •
1873
17 55
17 39
Mean, 3 stations
Camp 77, N W. of Oxford Pk.
42 16
112 05
1877. 5
17 50
17 32
W. Young
Bear Lake County
• • •
• • • •
1879
1758
17 39
Mean, 6 stations
Oregon Boundary
42 21
117 03
1867.9
1830
1837
D. G. Major
Camp 78, NE. of ElkhornPk.
42 23
112 13
1877- 5
17 51
17 33
W. Young
Camp 53, southeast of
42 28
III 47
1877. 5
18 18
18 00
S. E. Tillman
Mount Sedgewick
Owyhee County, east
* • • •
• • «
1877
1827
18 19
Mean, 10 stations
Boise Meridian, mean, 6 sta.
42 30
116 22
1867.5
18 45
18 47
L. F. Cartee
Owyhee County, southwest
• « •
• • •
1879
18 48
18 38
Mean, 7 stations
Hawkins Creek
42 32
112 20
1877- 5
22 47
22 29
W. Youn^
Oregon Boundary
42 35
117 03
1867.9
1832
18 39
D. G. Major
Raft Creek
42 36
113 14
1859. 6
16 45
1643
J. Dixon
Camp 7 1
42 38
112 23
1877- 5
1837
18 19
W. Young
Soda Springs Village
42 40
III 35
1877. 5
21 10
20 52
S. E. Tillman
Oneida County, northwest
• • •
• • • •
1878
17 52
17 33
Mean, 3 stations
Salmon River Falls
42 42
114 39
1859.6
17 II
17 09
J. Dixon
Shadow Lake
42 43
113 05
1877- 5
16 04
15 46
R. Bimie
Bannock County, east
• •
• • •
1880
17 45
17 26
Mean, 14 stations
Bannock County, west
• • •
• • •
1890
17 40
17 26
Mean, 10 stations
Oregon Boundary
42 45
117 03
1867. 9
18 18
1825
D. G. Major
Game Creek
42 46
III 15
1877. 5
18 19
18 01
S. E. Tillman
Smoky Creek
42 47
III 04
1877. 5
1825
18 07
Do.
Magnetic Station
42 47
iti 57
1889:4
18 03
17 48
N. P. Anderson
Port Neuf River
42 47
112 16
1877- 5
1844
18 26
S. E. Tillman
Shoshone
42 54
114 21
1900
18 30
18 28
J. W. Waldron
Lanes Fork
42 55
III 18
1877.5
18 26
18 08
S. E. Tillman
Rattlesnake Meadows
42 56
115 06
1859. 6
17 00
1706
J. Dixon
Little Blackfoot River
42 57
III 30
1877. 5
1852
18 34
S. E. Tillman
Silver City
42 57
116 43
1900.8
19 12
19 II
F. W. Hulett
Tincup Run
Lincoln County, east
42 59
III 16
1877. 5
18 32
18 14
S. E. Tillman
• •
•
1888
17 55
17 43
Mean, 15 stations
Lincoln County, west
• • «
• • • •
1880
18 42
18 28
Mean, 10 stations
Owyhee County, NW.
• • • «
■• • • • •
1882
1847
1837
Mean, 12 stations
Oregon Boundary
43 00
117 03
1867.9
18 23
18 30
D. G. Major
Jack Knife Creek
43 02
III 07
1877. 5
18 27
18 09
S. E. Tillman
Camp 41, NE. of Mt. Pisgah
43 07
III 15
1877. 5
18 20
18 02
Do.
Fort Hall
43 09
112 12
1877. 5
18 13
17 55
R. Birnie
148
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January i, IQ02 — Continued.
IDAHO— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
. Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Camp 43
43 10
III
48
1877. 5
18 43
18 25
S. E. Tillman
Highane Ranch
43 14
112
26
1872. 8
17 50
17 34
F. V.Hayden
Elmore County, south
• • • •
• • •
a •
1887
18 58
18 48
Mean, 9 stations
Oregon Boundary
43 15
117
03
1867.8
18 22
18 29
D. G. Major
Bingham County, east
• • • «
•
a a
1890
18 13
18 00
Mean, 4 stations
Bingham County, west
• « • •
• • •
• •
1892
17 46
17 35
Mean, 6 stations
Base Line, mean of 6 stations
43 22
114
17
1867.5
1845
18 40
L. F. Cartee
Base Line, mean of 5 stations
43 22
116
30
1867.5
1827
18 29
Do.
Hot Springs
43 23
1 16
18
1959- 6
17 50
18 04
J. Dixon
Boise Meridian, mean, 5 sta.
43 25
116
22
1867.5
18 15
18 17
L. F. Cartee
Ada County
• «
• • •
• a
1885
18 47
1837
Mean, 20 stations
Oregon Boundary
Willow Creek
43 33
117 03
1867.8
1849
18 56
D. G. Major
43 34
III
42
1872. 8
17 55
17 40
F. V. Hayden
Camp 52
43 35?
III
30?
1872.8
18 00
17 45
Do.
Blaine County, east
• • •
•
• a
1891
19 10
1859
Mean, 12 stations
Blaine County, west
• • •
• • •
a •
1885
18 35
18 22
Mean, 3 stations
Boise
43 37
116
12
1895
1845
18 38
County surveyor
Snake River, 8 miles below
43 40
III
20
1872. 8
17 59
17 44
F. V. Hayden
Canyon
Caldwell
43 40
116
41
1893
19 00
1852
Countv surveyor
Oregon Boundary
43 44
117 03
1867.8
19 03
19 II
D. G. Major
Elmore County, north
1874
18 45
18 39
One station
Canyon County
1880
18 30
18 20
Mean, 4 stations
Fremont County, east
1891
18 15
18 02
Mean, 18 station.s
Fremont County, west
• • « «
1877
18 30
18 12
One station
Boise County, south
1885
19 03
1853
Mean, 18 stations
Camp i6,.mouth of Fall R.
44 01
III
30
1872.6
18 12
17 57
F. V. Hayden
Boise Meridian, mean, 4 sta.
44 10
116
22
1867.5
19 07. 5
19 10
L. F. Cartee
Weiser
44 14
116
53
1901.2
21.00
20 59
C. W. Lucks
Custer County, east
• •
• • •
• •
1891
19 03
1852
Mean, 29 stations
Custer County, west
• • • •
• • •
a a
1893
19 00
18 51
One station
Henrys Fork
44 19
III
20?
1872.6
1825
18 10
F. V. Hayden
Washington County, south
Camp 20
• • •
• •
a •
1876
1853
18 46
Mean, 10 stations
44 30?
III
20?
1872. 6
19 13
18 58
F. V. Hayden
Boise County, north
• •
• • •
a a
1890
19 30
19 20
Mean, 5 stations
Lemhi County, southeast
• « •
• • a
• a
1892
19 10
1859
Mean, 3 stations
Camp 27 , Henry Lake Valley
44 38
III
17
1872. 6
18 44
18 29
F. V. Hayden
Boise Meridian, mean, 3 sta.
44 45
116
22
1867.5
19 10
19 12
L. F. Cartee
Washington County, north
• • •
• • •
•
1891
19 07
1858
Mean, 4 stations
Boise Meridian, mean, 3 sta.
45 14
116
22
1867.5
21 10
21 12
L. F. Cartee
Lemhi County, northwest
• « •
• • •
• •
1889
19 30
19 18
Mean, 7 stations
Idaho County, west
• • •
• • •
a a
1884
20 42
20 32
Mean, 9 stations
Boise Meridian, mean, 4 sta.
45 44
ii6
22
1867.5
20 56. 2
2058
L. F. Cartee
Idaho County, northeast
• • • •
• •
a
1890
20 50
20 40
Mean, 4 stations
Nez Perces County
• • •
• •
• •
1885
20 52
20 42
Mean, 23 stations
Boise Meridian, mean, 4 sta.
46 17
116
22
1867.5
20 18.8
20 21
L. F. Cartee
Fort I/apway
46 18
116
54
1876. 4
19 45
1938
W. M. Miller
Moscow
46 44
117
00
1893
21 30
21 23
County surveyor
Shoshone County, south
« • a •
a a •
« •
1892
21 12
21 04
Mean, 5 stations
Latah County
•
• •
a
1887
21 07
20 57
Mean, 8 stations
Wallace
47 25
115
56
1894
21 50
21 43
County surveyor
Sahon Pass
47 27
115 43
1860.5
20 37
20 49
J. Mullan
Shoshone County, north
• • •
• • •
• •
1891
21 3«
21 21
Mean, 3 stations
Kootenai County, south
• a •
• a a
• •
1889
21 30
21 20
Mean, 22 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
149
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igp2 — Continued.
IDAHO— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
"S.^
Date of
observa- i
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Murray
47 32
115 56
1894
21 20
21 13
County smrveyor
Coeur d'Alene Mission
47 33
116 21
1860.5
20 54
21 06
J. Mullan
Washington Boundary
47 54
117 03
1875. 7
22 15
22 13
Reeves & Denison
Do.
48 12
117 03
1875. 7
24 00
23 58
Do.
Pack River
48 22
116 28
1861.5
22 51
23 02
R. W. Haig
Washington Boundary
48 23
"7 03
1875. 7
22 45
22 43
Reeves & Denison
Kootenai County, north
> « •
• • • • •
1893
22 15
22 08
Mean, 4 stations
Washington Boundary
48 39
117 03
. 1875. 8
22 40
22 38
Reeves & Denison
Chelemta River
48 41
116 19
1 1861.5
22 II
22 22
R. W. Haig
Washington Boundary
48 47
117 03
1875.8
23 00
22 58
Reeves & Denison
Boundary Station
49 00
116 33
1860.0
22 37
22 50
J. S. Harris
ILLINOIS
Group I o /
Cairo j 37 01
Mound City 37 05
McLeansboro 38 06
Nashville 38 20
Sandoval 38 37
Springfield 39 50
Danville 40 07
Bloomington 40 31
Ottawa 41 20
Chicago, old university site 41 50
Chicago, near water tower 41 54
Chicago, Lincoln Park 41 56
Rockford ' 42 17
Group II
America 37 10
Golconda 37 23
Vienna 37 25
Hardin County . . . .
Gallatin County 37 44
Murphy sboro 37 47
Chester 37 55
Kaskaskia 37 57
New Athens 38 19
Waterloo 38 20
Jefferson County . . . .
Wayne County . . . .
Edwards County . . . .
Belleville 38 31
Cahokia 38 36
Marion County . . . .
Collinsville 38 39
Olney 38 45
Richland County . . . .
Lawrence County
89 10
89 04
88 32
89 22
89 09
89 39
87 35
8859
88 50
87 37
87 37
87 37
89 06
89 08
88 25
88 54
• •
88 19
89 21
8951
8955
8955
90 II
90 00
90 09
•
90 04
88 07
877. 91
865.01
900.93
900. 92
896.34
89X. 75
900.83
891.74
891.73
888.63
891.55
900.86
891.71
6
7
4
4
4
4
2
4
5
4
3
3
3
East
/
00.4
32
06.8
24. 2
48.8
46.7
38.8
00. 4
02.5
07.4
57.8
59-9
896
4 45
872.5
6 05.8
885
4 40
895
4 10
901. 2
3 37
901.3
5 20
895
4 48
809.5
7 20
880.8
5 49.1
895
5 05
895
4 00
818
7 51
819
7 50
895
5 20
810.5
825
900
4 15
880.4
6 30.4
895
4 00
821
7 40
805
6 10
East
o /
4
5
4
4
4
4
2
3
4
3
2
3
3
4
4
3
3
o
5
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
5
4
5
3
4
3
24
10
03
20
26
05
34
19
21
07
45
53
14
22
09
33
44
34
17
22
21
23
39
34
38
36
54
24
09
03
34
24
20
A. Braid
A. T. Mosman
W. F. Wallis
Do.
R. L. Paris
J. B. Baylor
O. B. French
J. B. Baylor
Do.
Do.
G. R. Putnam
W. G. Cady
J. B. Baylor
J. P. Mathis
T. C. Hilgard
County surveyor
W. H. Scroggins
Victor Pearce
W. F. Hughes
County surveyor
Public surveys
F. E. Nipher
County .surveyor
W^ F. W^illiams
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 2 stations
County surveyor
J. Mansfield
A. Hamilton
F. E. Nipher
G. W. Arnisey
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 5 stations
150
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 190a.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, igo2 — Continued.
ILLINOIS— Continued
▼ A*
X r
Date of
Declina-
Declina-
Station 1
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
/
observa-
tion
tion ob-
served
tion in
1902
Obser^'er or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
East
/
1
East
/
Clay County
• • • •
• • • •
1817
7 50
4 39
Mean, 6 stations
Highland
38 45
8941
1872. 7
6 34.2
438
T. C. Hilgard
East Base |
38 52
88 02
1879. 8
5 00
3 30
J. H. Darling
Alton !
38 52
90 12
1840. 5
7 45
4 30
H. Loomis
Greenville
38 54
89 26
1895
5 20
4 54
R. K. Dewev
Vandalia
3858
89 08
1895
4 45
4 19
A. H. Wing
Fayette County
• • • •
m • • •
1823
8 00
4 43
Mean, 2 stations
Crawford County
• « • •
mm mm
1828
7 30
4 II
Mean, 5 stations
Jasper County
• • • •
• .• • •
1820
8 03
4 48
Mean, 21 stations
Effingham
3908
8834
1901
4 00
3 57
J. B. Jones
Effingham County
• • • •
• • • «
1820
7 50
4 35
Mean, 3 stations
Bellair
39 II
87 52
1879. 8
5 08
338
J. H. Darling
^lontgomerv County
Cumberland County
. . . .
• • • •
1823
8 00
4 43
I station *
• •
* •
1820
8 26
5 II
Mean, 1 1 stations
Greene County
• • • •
• •
1901
4 45
4 42
T. G. Capps
Coles County
. •
• • • •
1821
8 30
5 14
Mean, 1 1 stations
Sangamon County
39 36
8945
1890.2
5 33
4 45
Allen Enos
Winchester
39 37
90 29
1892
6 12
5 33
County sur\»eyor
Barry
39 41
91 03
1895
5 00
4 34
A.G. Chamberlain
Edgar County
• • >
• • •
1821
8 20
5 04
Mean, 15 stations
Macon
39 42
89 01
1872.7
5 21.5
3 26
T.C. Hilgard
Jacksonville
39 45
90 18
1833. 5
845
5 27
Sturtevant
Douglas County
• • •
• •
1825
8 03
4 45
Mean, 16 stations
Springfield
39 48
89 40
1896. I
4 10
3 46
Allen Enos
Palermo
39 53
87 52
1879. 7
5 12
3 42
J. H. Darling
Piatt County
• •
• • •
1901
4 28
4 25
W. J. Day
Virginia
3958
90 13
1894
5 09
438
County surveyor
Beardstown
40 00
90 29
1880.6
6 43.4
5 17
F. E. Nipher
Menard County
• • • •
• • •
1895
4 50
4 24
County surveyor
Rushville
40 07
, 90 35
1895
5 15
4 49
J. Stumm
Clinton
40 10
' 88 58
1892
4 45
4 06
J. S. Brown
Lincoln University
40 10
89 24
1901.3
4 00
3 57
W. P. Russell
Champaign County
« • •
• • •
1822
7 48
4 32
Mean, 32 stations
Vermilion County
• • •
• • «
1821
8 15
4 59
Mean, 38 stations
Pilot Grove
40 12
87 50
1879. 7
4 29
2 59
J. H. Darling
JvOgan County
40 12
89 26
1901
4 45
4 42
D. L. Brancher
Havana
40 18
90 04
1892
4 47
4 08
County surveyor
Mason County
40 19
90 05
1896.7
4 44
4 22
J. R. Faulkner
Hancock County
• • •
• • • •
1901
5 15
5 12
J. R. Crabill
Mason County
40 27
8958
1901.2
4 23
4 20
J. R. Faulkner
Tazewell County
• > •
• • •
1824
8 00
4 43
Mean, 5 stations
McLean County
• • • •
• « •
1824
1 8 00
4 43
Mean, 4 stations
Bloomington
40 31
88 59
1896
3 15
2 53
County sur\'e^'or
Ford County
• • • •
1 « • •
1831
7 52
4 33
Mean, 12 stations
Peoria
40 41
1 8934
1
19W.5
: 506
5 00
Hammond, Com-
stock
Iroquois County
• • • a
« • • •
1824
j 7 53
4 36
Mean, 34 stations
Woodford County
• •
• • • •
1826
7 57
4 39
Mean, 9 stations
Peoria County
• • •
• • • •
1830
i 8 12
4 52
Mean, 20 stations
Livingston County
• a •
• •
1833
' 7 31
4 13
Mean, 8 stations
Minonk
40 55
89 02
1901.2
4 05
4 02
D. H. Davison
Galesburg
40 55
90 23
1895
5 25
4 56
C.S.Richey
Knox County
« • • •
• •
1901
4 40
4 37
Do.
Little York
41 00
90 45
1895
556
5 27
County surveyor
Stark County
• • •
1820
8 05
4 39
Mean, 7 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
151
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States ajid outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
ILLINOIS— Continued
▼ ^*
•m •
Date of
Declina-
Declina-
^'Xl-
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
observa-
tion
tion ob-
served
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Marshall County
• •
• • •
1828
8 05
4 34
Mean, 17 stations
Wenona
41 05
•89 01
1872. 7
6 06. 1
3 59
T. C. Hilgard
Kankakee County
• • •
• « •
1833
7 18
3 48
Mean, 17 stations
Putnam County
• « •
• • • •
1826
8 II
4 41
Mean, 10 stations
Stark County
• • •
•
1901
4 45
4 42
H. H. Oliver
Aledo
41 II
90 48
1901.4
5 10
5 07
W. B. Frew
Grundy County
• * • •
• • • •
182 1
8 06
4 39
Mean, 15 stations
Hennepin
41 15
89 21
1895
4 57
4 28
County surveyor
Tiskilwa
41 17
89 29
1893
4 48
4 10
Do.
Bureau County
• • • •
« • • •
1827
8 II
4 41
Mean, 24 stations
Lasalle County
• • • •
• • •
1822
8 06
4 39
Mean, 26 stations
Morris
41 21
88 27
1892
5 32
4 49
County surveyor
Rock Island County
«
• • •
1901
5 40
5 37
M. A. Gould
Will County
• •
• • • •
1825
7 47
4 18
Mean, 16 stations
Geneseo
41 26
90 10
1901
5 00
4 57
C. C. Martin
Rock Island
4*31
90 34
1878. 7
6 57.8
5 25
C. F. Powell
Kendall County
• • •
• •
1833
8 06
4 36
Mean, 6 stations
Willow Springs
41 44
87 51
1879. 6
5 10
3 31
J. H. Darling
Mount Forest
41 45
87 52
1876. 7
4 35.6
2 50
D. W. Lockwood
Lee County
• • •
• • • •
1843
7 38
4 16
Mean, 6 stations
Whiteside County
• •
« • • •
1843
7 26
4 04
Mean, 3 stations
Dupage County
* • •
• • •
1834
7 17
3 47
Mean, 6 stations
Cook County
« •
• • •
1829
7 19
3 47.
Mean, 34 stations
Fulton
41 52
90 12
1844. 1
8 15
5 00
Public survey
Dekalb County
• • • •
• • • •
1841
7 12
3 45
Mean, 3 stations
Kane County
• • • •
• • « •
1840
6 02
2 36
Mean, 10 stations
Winetka
42 06
87 44
1873. 5
458
2 54
H. Custer
Stephenson County
• • • •
• • • •
1895
6 00
5 31
County sur\^eyor
Woodstock
42 18
88 26
1901. 2
3 13*
3 10
C. H. Tryon
McHenry County
• « •
• • •
1839
6 14
2 46
Mean, 12 stations
Lake County
• • • •
• • •
1840
556
2 30
Mean, 13 stations
WaukejB^n
42 21
87 50
1873. 5
5 II
3 07
H. Custer
Jo Daviess County
42 25
90 27
1900.3
558
5 51
J. C. Scott
Do.
42 26
90 25
1901. 2
6 30
6 27
Do.
Galena
42 26
90 26
1876. 7
9 08.7
7 28
C. F. Powell
Sherwood
42 27
90 37
1839- 8
9 00
5 45
Surveyor of P. L.
Jo Daviess County
42 28
90 03
1899.7
4 29
4 19
J. C. Scott
Dunleith
42 28
90 40
1856. 8
8 35
5 51
K. Friesach
INDIANA
Group I
/
/
East
/
East
/
Evansville
37 59
87 28
1900.94
3 49-6
3 46
W. F. Wallis
New Harmony
3808
87 56
1880. 84
5 05.1
3 42
J. B. Baylor
Paoli
38 32
86 27
1900.72
2 35.2
2 30
W. C. Dibrell
Vincennes
38 41
87 32
1896.33
3 17.9
2 57
R. L. Paris
Madison
3842
85 27
1900. 71
I 36. I
I 31
W. C. Dibrell
Bloomfield
39 02
86 56
1900.73
2 45-8
2 41
Do.
Greensburg
Martinsville
39 25
85 29
1900.70
2 II. 4
2 06
Do.
39 25
86 24
1900. 70
2 19. 2
2 14
Do.
Terre Haute
39 30
87 23
1900.74
2 44.0
2 39
Do.
152
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recejit magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to Janiuiry /, igo2 — Continued.
INDIANA— Continued
Station
Group /—Continued
Indianapolis
Richmond
Crawfordsville
Hartford City
Kokomo
Fort Wayne
Warsaw
South Bend
Michigan Pity
Group II
Rockport
Perry County
Mount Vernon
Mouth of Wabash Ri^er
Spencer County
Posey County
Perry County
Warrick County
Canal
Ohio River
New Albany
Floyd County
Gibson County
Falls of the Ohio River
Dubois County
Pike County
Charleston
Clark County
Orange County
Washington County
Knox County
Scott County
Martin County
Daviess County
Jefferson County
South Hanover
Madison
Switzerland County
Lawrence County
Jackson County
Ohio County
Jennings County
Vernon
Bloonifield
Greene County
Sullivan County
Ripley County
Dearborn County
Monroe County
Brown County
Bartholomew County
Owen County
Decatur County
Lati-
tude
39
47
39 50
40 03
40 29
40
31
41
06
41
12
41
40
41
42
37 54
37 57
37 57
38 00
38 06
38 10
38 16
38 20
38 26
3845
38 46
39 00
39 03
Longi-
tude
87 24
86 30
85 54
85 40
85 39
85 23
85 24
85 37
86 54
Date of
observa-
tion
86 12
8453
8652
85 23
86 05
85 08
85 52
86 14
86 58
87 04
86 46
87 55
88 00
1900.69
1900.68
1900. 75
1900.76
1900. 76
1900. 77
1900. 78
1900. 79
1900.88
895
900
895
810.5
805
806
805
806
895
810.5
898.7
806
806
810. 5
805
805
899.8
807
805
807
808
810
806
806
807
837.5
898.7
800
812
814
800
809
S95
899.1
814
814
S17
800
820
820
820
814
820
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
I
I
2
I
I
O
I
I
I
7
6
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
21. 1
39-2
22. 1
56.6
48.8
12.8
00.4
25-4
45-6
3 50
2 55
3 38
7 10
6 30
657
6 30
6 37
3 38
6 30
I 54
5 27
6 44
5 50
6 37
6 37
I 48
5 00
6 00
6 16
6 36
6 10
6 33
6 50
6 10
4
I
5
7
6
5
5
I
2
35
30
10
03
35
10
34
46
40
03
33
55
10
34
45
08
40
40
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
16
34
17
5r
44
o 07
o 55
20
41
I
I
2
I
I
I
I
3
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
2
I
I
2
I
2
2
I
I
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
o
I
I
3
2
I
I
I
2
3
2
I
I
2
2
2
2
2
24
49
12
16
43
08
43
48
12
36
41
38
55
56
50
50
39
10
13
26
44
16
44
01
20
52
17
31
08
39
31
41
20
28
07
37
57
31
35
46
09
44
41
Observer or
authority
W. C. Dibrell
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
W. G. Cady
County surveyor
George Minto
County surveyor
J. Mansfield
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 13 stations
Mean, 4 stations .
Mean, 9 stations
County surveyor
J. Mansfield
WMllis L. Barnes
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 13 stations
J. Mansfield
Mean, 13 stations
Mean, 7 stations
Willis L. Barnes
I station
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 9 stations
I station
Dunn
Willis L. Barnes
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 7 stations
County surveyor
Willis L. Barnes
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 11 stations
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 11 stations
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 7 stations
Do.
Mean, 9 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
153
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, jgo2 — Continued.
INDIANA— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Clay County
Franklin County
Vigo County
Morgan County
Johnson County
Franklin
Terre Haute
Shelby County
Rush County
Rushville
Liberty
Union County
Fayette County
Putnam County
Greencastle
Parke County
Hendricks County
Marion County
Hancock County
Wayne County
Vermilion County
Henry County
Montgomery County
Boone County
Hamilton County
Madison County *
Randolph County
Fountain County
Delaware County
Clinton County
Tipton County
Warren County
Tippecanoe County
Jay County
Blackford County
Howard County
Grant County
Carroll County
Benton County
Wells County
Adams County
Miami County
Cass County
Logansport
Reynolds
Wiiite County
Monti cello
Wabash
Wabash County
Huntington County
Newton County
Jasper County
Pulaski County
Fulton County
Allen County
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
1
East
East
/ [ /
/
/
• •
1814
6 36
2 40
Mean, 4 stations
• «
1808
5 52
2 00
Mean, 10 stations
• •
1815
6 44
2 47
Mean, 8 stations
1
• •
1821
6 10
2 II
Mean, 13 stations
•
1821
6 00
2 01
Mean, 9 stations
39 30 1 86 03 1894
2 36
2 06
County surveyor
39 30 : 87 23
1901
2 36
2 33
McCormick
.... .... 1820
7 00
3 01
Mean, 10 stations
. . , . . . . , Io20
7 06
3 07
Mean, 9 stations
39 38 85 27 1899.5
I 12
I 02
Willis L. Barnes
39 39 84 56 1895
I 30
I 04
County surveyor
1800
5 07
I 28
Mean; 7 stations
1817
6 16
2 18
Mean, 6 stations
1820
6 25
2 26
Mean, 7 stations
3
9 4
8
65
I 1895
2 39
2 13
County surveyor
t •
. 1 1820
6 36
2 37
Mean, 9 stations
1
; 1821
5 50
I 51
Mean, 11 stations
1 *
. 1 1821
5 57
I 58
Mean, 6 stations
1
. 1 1821
6 39
2 40
Mean, 11 stations
1809
5 10
I 17
Mean, 8 stations
i
•
1818
6 54
256
Mean, 4 stations
1
1821
6 II
2 12
Do.
1821
6 41
2 42
Mean, 7 stations
.
1824
5 55
I 58
Mean, 6 stations
t
1
1822
5 42
I 44
Mean, 5 stations
. I 1822
6 03
2 05
MeaUf 14 stations
1817
5 50
I 52
Mean, 12 stations
. ! 1822
6 50
2 52
Mean, 4 stations
1823
6 23
2 26
Mean, 18 stations
1832
5 10
I 19
Mean, 7 stations
1
1843
4 47
I 16
Mean, 6 stations
1826
6 35 .
2 39
Mean, 4 stations
1
1
182-;
6 05
2 08
Mean, 9 stations
1
• 9 •
1823
5 57
2 QO
Mean, 11 stations
1
1823
6 20
2 23
Mean, 5 stations
' 1 •
1844
4 36
I 07
Mean, 8 stations
1834
5 45
I 58
Mean, 12 stations
1829
5 33
I 39
Mean, 8 stations
•1832
6 23
2 33
Mean, 13 stations
1826
5 57
2 01
Mean, 9 stations
1822
5 42
1 44
Mean, 3 stations
1840
5 i9
I 41
Mean, 12 stations
• 1
1830
5 42
I 49
Mean, 10 stations
40 45
86 24
1836. 5
5 35
I 51
Town map
40 45 1 86 48
1874. 7
3 30-3
I 42
F. E. Hilgard
*• •■! •• •■
1831
5 55
2 03
Mean, 13 stations
40 46 86 46
1895
3 15
2 49
County surveyor
40 48
85 50
1898.7
37
24
Willis L. Barnes
• •
•
1838
5 40
I 59
Mean, 16 stations
• •
.
183 1
5 54
2 02
Mean, 7 stations
1
1
'
• •
• 1
1835
1834
6 28
5 45
2 42
I 58
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 16 stations
.
* •
•
1834
5 32
I 45
Mean, 11 stations
•
1834
5 51
2 04
Mean, 7 stations
• •
«
•
1832
5 26
1 36
Mean, 15 stations
154
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States a7id outlying
territories reduced to January I, I po2 — Continued.
INDIANA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group II — Continued
/ /
East
/
East
/
Whitley County
• • • •
1833
5 50
2 01
Mean, 8 stations
Kosciusko County
« • • •
1835
5 53
2 07
Mean, 16 stations
Marshall County
• •
1833
6 14
2 25
Mean, 12 stations
Starke County
• • *
1834
5 32
I 45
Mean, 8 stations.
Noble County
• • • •
1834
5 17
I 30
Mean, 12 stations
Dekalb County
• *
1832
5 00
I 10
Do.
Lake County
• • •
1834
6 27
2 40
Mean, 23 stations
Crown Point
41 25
87 21
1S95
4 15
3 47
County surveyor
Porter County
• • • «
1834
638
2 51
Mean, 6 stations
Laporte County
• • • •
1833
6 00
2 II
Mean, 17 stations
St. Joseph County
• «
1834
5 50
2 03
Mean, 12 stations
Elkhart County
• • •
1830
5 27
I 34
Mean, 13 stations
Grand Calumet River
41 37
87 15
187 1. 7
4 30
2 23
L. Foote
Lagrange County
• • • •
1831
5 20
I 28
Mean, 12 stations
Steuben County
• • •
1831
4 58
I 06
Do.
INDIAN TERRITORY
Group I
Atoka
Eufaula
Vinita
Group II
Chickasaw Nation, SE.
Chickasaw Nation, SW.
Choctaw Nation, W.
Chickasaw Nation, NE.
Chickasaw Nation, NW.
Wilson Rock
Jack Browns
Canadian
Webber Falls
Creek Nation
Fort Gibson
Northeastern reservations
34 24
35 16
3638
35 19
35 20
35 25
35 30
• • • •
35 48
96 05
95 33
95 08
94 37
94 45
95 00
95 07
« • •
95 20
East
East
/
/
; 1878. 54
9 II. 4
7 59
1878. 54
9 10.3
758
1888.78
848.3
8 05
187 1
10 07
8 38
1871
10 30
9 01
1895
8 16
7 54
1871
9 58
8 29
1871
10 46
9 17
1870. 3
9 20
7 49
1870. 3
9 26
7 55
1870.3
9 09
738
1870. 3
9 30
7 59
1896
838
8 19
1870. 3
948
8 17
1875
9 12
7 53
J. B. Baylor
Do.
Do.
Mean, 33 stations
Do.
Mean, 28 stations
Mean, 25 stations
Mean, 29 stations
S. T. Albert
Do.
Do.
Do.
Mean, 5 stations
S. T. Albert
Mean, 12 stations
IOWA
Group I
Keokuk
Corydon
Burlington
Fairfield
Red Oak
Osceola
Ottumwa
Creston
/
40 23
40 44
40
48
41
00
41
01
41
01
41
02
41 03 1
91 23
93 19
91 08
91 59
95 II
93 45
92 25
94 19
East
f
East .
/
/
1900.79
5 52.6
5 47
W. F. Wallis
1900.78
8 13.6
8 08
Do.
1900.51
6 05.2
558
Do.
1900.51
6 51.3
6 46
Do.
1900.76
8 43.4
8 38
Do.
1900.77
7 08. 2
7 03
Do.
1888.70
7 49.2
652
J. B, Baylor
1900.77
9 00.0
8 54
W. F. Wallis
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
155
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlyiyig
territories reduced to January 7, 1^2 — Continued.
IOWA— Continued
Station
lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
sers'ed
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group /—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Council Bluffs
41 14
95 52
1900.69
9 32.2
9 26
' W. F. Wallis
Washington
41 15
91 42
1900.52
6 42.5
6 36
Do.
Oskaloosa
41 18
92 39
1900.53
7 58.2
7 52
Do.
Atlantic
41 22
94 58
1900.74
10 01.2
9 56
Do.
Davenport
41 30
9038
1888.68
6 09.1
5 12
J. B. Baylor
Menlo
41 31
94 23
1900.75
7 40.5
7 35
W. F. Wallis
Des Moines
41 36
93 36
1888.72
8 27.5
7 30
J. B. Baylor
Logan
41 39
95 47
1900.71
833.2
8 27
W. F. Walhs
Newton
41 42
93 04
1900.54
7 52.8
7 46
Do.
Marengo
41 46
92 04
1900.55
6 49-5
6 43
Do.
Onawa
42 01
96 04
1900.72
ij 46.0
II 40
Do.
Carroll
42 02
94 50
1900.73
9 09.2
9 04
Do.
Boone
42 02
93 54
1900.63
6 56.7
6 50
Do.
Anamosa
42 07
91 15
1900.55
6 34.4
6 28
Do.
Ida Grove
42 21
95 27
1900.72
9 23.0
9 17
Do.
Eldora
42 21
93 05
1900.62
7 51.0
7 45
Do.
Sioux City
42 27
96 23
1891.67
10 34. 2
9 49
J. B. Baylor
Dubuque
42 29
90 40
1900.56
5 30.2
5 24
W. F. Wallis
Manchester
42 29
91 27
1900.57
5 21.4
5 15
Do.
Waterloo
42 29
92 22
1900.58
7 14.0
708
Do.
Fort Dodge
42 30
94 12
1900.64
7 27.6
7 22
Do.
Fonda
42 35
94 50
1900.68
9 04.2
8 58
Do.
Hampton
42 44
93 II
1900.62
6 06.7
6 00
Do.
Cherokee
42 45
95 34
1900.67
10 28.3
10 22
Do.
Lemars
42 48
96 10
1900.67
10 01.7
9 56
Do.
West Union
42 54
91 50
1900.58
4 21.4
4 15
Do.
Charles City
43 03
92 41
1900.60
7 12.4
7 06
Do.
Enunetsbuig
43 04
94 42
1900.65
10 02. 6
9 56
Do.
Gamer
43 05
93 36
1900.61
9 II.
9 05
Do.
Hartley
43 10
95 29
1900.66
9 15.2
909
Do.
Perkins
43 II
96 II
1900.66
9 45.0
9 39
Do.
Decorah
43 18
91 49
1900.59
5 22.9
5 17
Do.
Sibley
43 24
95 43
1891.68
9 41.9
857
J. B. Baylor
Northwood
43 27
93 16
1900.60
6 57.1
6 51
W.F. Wallis
Group II
Lee County
• • •
• • • •
• • •
5 51
Mean, 3 stations
Bedford
40 41
94 42
1895"
9 10
8 42
County surveyor
Ringgold County
40 43
94 14
1875. 9
8 47
7 03
E. B. Heaton
Centerville
40.43
92 50
1896
8 40
8 16
County siu^eyor
Clarinda
40 43
95 00
1875. 9
10 42
8 58
J. W. McKinley
Page County
• • •
• • • •
1893
9 12
835
A. S. von Sandt
Keosaugua
40 44
91 56
1901.2
7 30
726
W.A.Duckworth
Fremont County
40 44
95 37
1875.9
10 04
8 20
G. C. Houghton
Davis County
• • •
• • • •
1895
8 10
7 42
Thomas Duffield
Decatur County
• • • •
. . . .
1895
7 57
7 29
County surveyor
Van Buren County
• • • •
• • • «
• • • •
7 01
I station
Near Winchester
40 50
91 56
1879. 7
8 10
6 39
J.B. Kaufman
Des Moines County
• • • •
• • •
1839
9 09
6 07
Mean, 16 stations
Henry County
a • • •
• • •
1837
9 29
6 27
Mean, 6 stations
Jefferson County
• • •
• • • •
1841
9 50
7 01
Do.
Wapello County
• «
• • • «
T844
9 49
7 01
Do.
Ottumwa
41 00
92 24
1895
7 25
657
County survevor
Coming
41 00
94 43
1895
9 10
8 42
Do.
156
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and otitlying
territories reduced to J actuary 7, 1^2 — Continued.
IOWA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Group //—Continued
Albia
Lucas
Afton
Glenwood
Wapello
Louisa County
Marion County
Adair County
Washington County
Keokuk County
Sigoumey
Pottawattamie County
Missouri River Bottom, near
Long's Engr. Canton-
ment, 1819
Muscatine County
Do.
Near Atalissa
Lost Grove
Shelby County
Iowa City
Near Iowa City
Johnson County
Iowa County
Guthrie County
Aikins, Cedar County
Wapsipinicon River
Cedar County
Tipton
Dewitt
Clinton County
Do.
Iron Ore
Elwood
Toledo
Denison
Crawford County
Monona County
Carroll County
Greene County
Do.
Story County
Ames
Story County
Marshalltown
Small Mill
Benton County
Linn County
Jones County
Bridge
Mill
Vinton
Jackson County '
Cheney's
41 01
41 03
41 03
41 04
Lonm-
tude
• •
41
41
• •
19
19
• •
41
•
21
>
41
•
24
41 3^
41 38
41 39
41 39
41 40
41 40
41 43
41 44 1
91 14
90 23
• •
41 45
41 49
41 52 '
• •
91 08
90 40
90 23
41 55 90 40
42 00
42 00
42 00
• • •
42 01
42 02
42 02
42 03
42 04
• • «
93 35
93 26
92 53
91 02
• • • «
• •
• • » •
42 06
42 10
42 10
• • • •
> >
91 02
90 37
92 01
92 47
93 28
94 10
95 42
91 II
•
93 05
94 26
92 II I
(
• • I
95 44 ,
90 54
91 15 I
95 16 ;
91 32
91 36
90 52
92 34
95 18
• • •
• • • •
94 20
Date of
observa-
tion
42 12 90 21
875.9
900.5
901.0
839
898.8
875.9
839
843
895
885.8
838
900
882.6
839.7
875.9
897.6
880.5
840
843
895
882.7
839.7
838
895
878
899.3
838
839.7
839.7
901.0
875.9
854
855
853
900.3
900.3
895
839.8
843
842
838
839.8
839. 8
875.9
839
S39.8
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
O f
9 05
7 40
8 40
9 32 .
5 40
8 20
8 03
10 28
9 28
9 32
7 20
• • • •
10 15
7 57
4 55
7 20.5
8 10
II 44
6 54
8 49.8
9 00
9 08
7 45
7 48.4
8 25
9 03
6 45
6 30
4 22
8 28
7 42.5
9 15
738
10 46
10 36
11 08
II 30
875.9 1037
6 27
7 44
8 00
9
9
9
9
9
9
8
04
35
32
22
20
15
38
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
7 21
7 37
8 12
9 25
536
5 18
7 49
844
8 19
9 t)5
6
6
6
9
9
38
44
52
21
05
4 54
4 48
6 00
5 08
10 00
635
7
6
6
7
6
5
6
6
4
4
5
4
21
10
20
17
28
23
01
17
54
10
26
40
6 13
7 34
9 02
8 00
8 32
851
8 16
853
631
6 20
7 37
7 32
6 02
6 47
6 44
633
6 18
6 13
6 54
5 29
6 03
Observer or
authority
C. Paine
S. B. Roddy
M. V. Aahby
S. Dean
W. S. Kremer
Mean, 14 stations
Jasper Nye
A. R. Dew
Mean, 19 stations
Mean, 12 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 2 stations
S. Dean
Mean, 15 stations
R.H.McCampbell
F. E. Nipher
J. Locke
W. Wyland
L. A. Parsons
F. E. Nipher
Mean, 18 stations
Mean, 11 stations
County surveyor
F. E. Nipher
J. Locke
Mean, 17 stations
John Zuck
R. G. Brown
A. Schnell
Mean, 24 stations
J. Locke and other
observers
J. I/>cke
W. Holstead
M. McHenry
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 30 stations
Mean, 4 stations
N. P. & L. Stillson
Mean, 2 stations
College students
Hodson & Deering
County surveyor
J. Locke
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 7 stations
J. Locke
Do.
J. A. Brown
Mean, 28 stations
J. Locke
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
157
Table of the most recent magnetic dedinatimis observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
lOWA—Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Obser\'er or
authoritv
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Fanners Creek
42 13
90 23
1839. 8
9 "
6 09
J. Locke
Maquoketa River
42 14
90 57
1839. 8
845
5 43
Do.
White Water
42 18
90 38
1839. 8
9 10
6 00
J. Locke
Woodbury County
• * •
• • • •
1855
12 00
9 40
Mean, 9 stations
Ida County
• • • •
• • • •
1854
II 24
9 03
Do.
Sac County
• • • «
• • • •
1853
10 02
7 33
Mean, 23 stations
Delaware County
42 20
91 08
1890
6 40
5 47
A. G. Wilson
Hopkinton
42 20
91 14
1890.3
5 35
4 42
Do.
North Branch Maquoketa R.
42 23
90 52
1839. 8
9 35
6 25
J. Locke
Webster County
•
•
1852
10 II
7 31
Mean, 17 stations
Manson
42 29
94 30
1894
9 25
852
County surveyor
Dubuque County
• • • •
• • •
1839
8 40
5 30
Mean, 20 stations
Little Maquoketa River
42 31
90 31
1839. 8
8 30
5 20
J. Locke
Sherald Mound
42 35
90 33
1839. 8
8 10
5 00
Do.
Log House
42 38
90 43
1839. 8
9 00
5 50
Do.
Turkey River
42 42
91 02
1839. 8
9 00
5 50
Do.
Hnmbioldt County
• • •
• > •
1853
10 02
7 23
Mean, 13 stations
Buena Vista County
• • • •
•
1855
10 36
8 06
Mean, 23 stations
Plymouth County
• • «
« • • •
1855
II 53
9 33
Mean, 8 stations
Cherokee County
• • • •
• •
1855
12 42
10 22
Mean, 17 stations
Cherokee Eclipse Station
42 46
95 38
1869.6
II 32
9 35
J. Blickensderfer
Pocahontas County
.. ..
• •
1855
II 40
9 04
Mean, 36 stations
Rolfe
42 48
94 29
1894
9 33
9 00
County surveyor
Fayette County
• • • •
• • •
1849
7 40
4 50
Mean, 2 stations
Clayton County
• • •
• • • •
1843
8 48
5 40
Mean, 9 stations
Do.
42 50
91 24
1875. 9
6 24
4 34
S. L. Peck
Gillett Grove
43 01
95 00
1893
8 45
8 07
P. M. Moore
Clay County
• • •
• • •
1857
10 56
8 23
Mean, 15 stations
Ferry, opp. Prairie du Chien
43 03
91 II
1839. 8
9.05
5 55
J. Locke
Sioux County
• • •
1856
II 17
9 00
Mean, 8 stations
O'Brien County
• • •
1857
II 24
9 00
Mean. 16 stations
Palo Alto County
• • • •
1854
II 45
9 07
Do.
Kossuth County
« • •
1854
10 28
7 50
Mean, 4 stations
Allamakee County
• • •
185 1
9 00
6 00
Mean, iS stations
Winneshiek County
• • •
1850
8 00
5 00
Mean, 16 stations
Emmet County
• • • •
1858
II 06
835
Mean, 12 stations
Lyon County
• • • •
1858
II 55
9 35
Mean, 6 stations
Cresco
43 21
92 06
1875. 9
852
7 08
L. Hassett
Dickinson County
• •
1857
12 32
10 05
Mean, 12 stations
Osceola County
•
1858
II 24
9 00
Mean, 11 stations
Do.
43 30
95 44
1900-3
7 45
7 37
M. J. Campbell
KANSAS
Group I
Liberal
Richfield
Wichita
Dodge City
Humboldt
Sargent
/
/
37 02
100 54
37 16
10 1 46
37 40
97 20
37 44
99 59
37 49
95 26
3805
loi 58
East
East
/
/
1900.89
II 15.0
II II
W. C. Dibrell
1900.88
II 42.8
II 39
Do.
18S8. 79
10 09.7
9 27
J. B. Baylor
1888.80
II 46.0
II 05
Do.
1878.55
10 04. 9
852
Do.
1878.61
12 44.3
II 39
Do.
158
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most rectnt viagnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, 1^02 — Continued.
KANSAS— Continued
Station
Group I — Continued
Burlington
Gamett
Great Bend» Fort Zarah
Emporia
Lacrosse
Lyndon
Ottawa
Skaggs
Fairmount
Schmidt
Smoky Hill
Baldwin
Olathe
Allen
Curlew
Southeast Base
Northwest Base
Trego
Hays
Big Creek
Lawrence
Blue Hill
McLane
Junction City
Waldo
Holton
Marysville
Hiawatha
Group II
Sedan
Chautauqua County
Anthony
Harper County
Comanche County
Seward County
Stevens County
Morton County
Cherokee County
Winfield
Independence
Meaae County
Clark County
Barber County
Sumner County
Cherryvale
Meade
Weir
Parsons
Moline
Elk County
Crawford County
Neosho County
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
38 12
38 16
38 24
38 26
3836
38 37
3838
38 40
3841
38 42
38 44
38 47
38 49
3850
3850
3851
3854
3854
3855
3856
3858
3859
39 02
39 02
39 10
39 28
39 50
39 51
37 07
• • • •
37 10
37 14
37 14
95 48
95 17
9843
96 12
99 16
95 41
95 16
99 45
99 00
100 03
99 33
95 10
95 01
9852
loi 46
98 47
9850
9938
99 16
99 54
95 15
99 06
101 57
96 53
98 50
95 44
96 39
95 32
96 10
98 01
Date of
observa-
tion
9658
95 42 !
37 17
95 33
37 18
100 21
37 19
94 45
37 20
95 17
37 21
96 17
1900.47
1900.47
1878. 58
1888.77
1892. 65
1900.46
1900.46
1893.54
1892.60
1893. 50
1893.59
1901.62
1892. 55
1892. 57
1893.68
1892.84
1893. 63
1892. 70
1893. 42
1877.87
1892. 77
1892.58
1888. 76
1892.51
1900.59
1900.60
1900.65
1900.0
1871
T896
1876
187 1
1874
1874
1874
1868
1895
1901
1873
187 1
1873
1871
1895
1896
1896
1879.6
1895
1867
1867
1867
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
9 08.9
9 34.0
II 05.0
10 08.7
11 03.9
9 57.5
8 23.4
10 59. 4
11 06.3
II 30.8
11 12. I
• • • • • •
9 02.9
10 20.7
12 37.4
10 33. 5
10 35. 7
11 19. 1
II 26.0
10 59.6
9 51.6
11 10. o
12 03. I
10 05. 5
11 17.6
9 22.2
9 03-8
9 3^.8
849
10 25
9 50
10 50
12 00
11 54
12 18
12 20
10 25
9 15
7
II
55
55
II 50
II 45
II 20
8 28
II 10
8 03
9 32.
9 10
11 27
12 03
12 03
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
o /
9 04
9 29
9 56
9 24
10 34
9 52
8 18
10 33
10 36
11 04
10 45
8 23
9 02
9 48
12 07
10 07
10 06
10 52
10 56
10 32
839
10 41
11 35
9 21
10 47
9 17
859
9 27
8 42
8 56
9 32
9 37
10 40
10 41
11 05
II 07
851
853
7 53
10 40
10 31
10 30
9 56
8 06
10 52
7 44
8 22
8 48
9 51
10 27
10 27
C. K. Edmunds
Do.
J. B. Baylor
Do.
F. D. Granger
C . K. Edmunds
Do.
F. D. Granger
Do.
Do.
Do.
W. C. Bauer
J. M. Kuehne
F. D. Granger
F. W. Perkins
F. D. Granger
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
A. Braid
F. B. Granger
F. W. Perkins
J. B. Baylor
F. D. Granger
W. C. Bauer
Do.
J. W. Miller
A. J. Denick
Mean, 16 stations
J. B. Lee
Mean, 21 stations
Mean, 33 stations
Mean, 13 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 20 stations
County surveyor
S. L. Hibbard
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 27 stations
Mean, 36 stations
Mean, 29 stations
County surveyor
Do.
W. H. Dugger
F. E. Nipher
J. T. Chapman
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 3 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
159
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
KANSAS— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Wilson County
Kingman County
Kiowa County
Haskell County
Grant County
Stanton County
Pratt
Sedgwick County
Wichita
Ford County
Dodge City
Gray County
Butler County
Eldorado
Eureka
Greenwood County
Cimarron
Yates Center
Woodson County
Allen County
Bourbon County
Reno County
Edwards County
Kinsley
Finney County
Kearney County
Hamilton County
St. John
Stafford County
Hutchinson
Newton
Harvey County
Hodgeman County
Jetmore
Mound City
Linn County
Garfield County
Pawnee County
Larned
Anderson County
Coffey County
McPherson County
Lyons
Rice County
Chase County
Marion County
Marion
McPherson
McPherson County
Ness City
Ness County
Alexander
Barton County
Greeley County
Longi-
tude
• •
• •
• • • •
37 39
• « •
37 41
•
37 45
•
• • • •
37 49
37 49
• • • •
37 50
37 53
37 55
38 00
• • •
3S 03
3803
3805
38 09
38 II
38 16
38 20
38 21
38 22
• • •
38 27
> > • •
38 28
• • • t
98 44
• • • •
97 20
• • •
100 01
96 50
96 17
• • • •
100 21
95 44
99 24
9845
• * m
97 55
97 19
99 53
94 49
99 06
97 38
98 12
97 00
97 40
• • •
99 54
• • • •
99 33
Date of
observa-
tion
867
869
869
873
873
873
895
859
898.0
872
895
872
862
895
895
867
895
895
867
867
867
859
871
895
870
871
872
896
866
895
895
857
870
895
895
856
870
867
893
856
856
901
895
866
856
857
893
901.0
858
895
869
879.7
866
872
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
14
30
05
22
27
36
24
50
30
48
30
25
23
35
32
1 30
o 43
9 20
48
30
10
25
2 05
o 46
2 35
48
45
9
9
30
31
50
05
47
06
10
8 26
1 20
I
9
2 40
2 30
56
1 37
2 26
9 53
o 03
I
I
I
9
9
2
I
2
2
I
2
55
40
53
57
47
26
22
40
10
50
53
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
9 38
10 02
10 42
11 07
II 12
II 21
10 02
10 10
10 16
lo 31
10 09
11 08
9 46
9 14
9 II
9 54
10 21
859
10 12
9 54
9 34
10 45
10 46
10 25
11 14
II 29
II 28
10 12
10 00
9 28
9 43
10 06
10 45
10 49
8 04
9 30
11 19
II 05
10 29
9 47
10 36
9 50
9 41
10 24
9 50
10 12
9^8
9 44
10 45
11 01
II 18
II 07
10 19
11 36
Observer or
authority
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 24 stations
Mean, 30 stations
Mean/ 13 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 15 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 12 stations
R. H. Brown
Mean, 7 stations
J. G. Fonda
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 23 stations
T. H. Austin
H. E. Robb
Mean, 21 stations
County surveyor
Do.
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 6 stations
Do.
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 12 stations
C3nais Roberts
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean,** 14 stations
W. F. Noble.
Mean, 4 stations
County surveyor
James Dawson
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 19 stations
A. L. Hull
County surveyor
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 12 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 5 stations
H. A. Rowland
County surveyor
Mean, 9 stations
Do.
Mean, 12 stations
County surveyor
H. A. Rowland
Mean, 12 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 19 stations
J. B. Kaufman
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 13 stations
i6o
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the inost recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
KANSAS— Continued
Station
Group //—'Continued
Wichita County
Scott County
Lane County
Lyon County
McPherson County
Lacrosse
Miami County
Franklin County
Osage County
Morris County
Ellsworth County
Ellsworth
Saline County
Salina
Johnson County
Hays
Ellis County
Wallace
Wallace County
Logan County
Gove County
Trego County
Russell County
Dickinson County
Abilene
Ellis
New Fort Hays
Four miles north of Detroit
Geary County
Wabaunsee County
Alma
Shawnee County
Lincoln County
Ottawa County
Wyandotte County
Manhattan
Riley County
Jefferson County
Leavenworth County
Leavenworth
Goodland
Sherman County
Riley County
Osborne County
Do.
Thomas County
Sheridan County
Rooks County
Fort Leavenworth
Graham County
Do.
Osborne County
Clay County
Clay Center
Longi-
tude
Date of
obsreva-
tion
o /
• •
3831
3832
38 44
• • • •
3851
• • •
38 52
• • •
3855
3856
3856
38 59
39 00
39 01
39 10
• • • •
39 18
39 19
• • • •
39 20
39 20
39 21
39 21
• • • •
39 22
a • • •
39 22
o /
97 22
99 20
• • • •
98 14
• • • •
97 36
• • •
99 19
• • «
loi 35
97 II
99 34
99 20
97 08
96 16
96 34
94 56
loi 42
• • • •
96 52
98 54
• • • •
• * • •
94 54 I
100 05 i
• « •
98 47
• •
97 06
870
870
870
856
900.7
895
856
856
856
856
859
895
858
• • •
856
895
868
872.8
872
870
869
868
866
856
895
872.8
867.5
879.7
857
856
892
856
859
858
855
897.5
856
855
855
900.0
888.5
871
899.5
899.5
864
870
869
865
858.5
898.5
867
9C0. 6
857
895
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
17
05
50
25
12
22
48
28
48
45
38
17
15
•
30
20
10
17.9
00
10
25
55
00
50
00
24.9
48
45
10
44
04
45
30
00
13
9 40
1 50
53
1 20
8 40
2 24
3 15
9 28
o 58
2 09
3 17
3 22
2 50
o 59
55
50
56
30
9 59
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
II 56
II 44
11 29
10 35
10 07
10 00
958
938
10 58
9 55
10 57
9 55
10 34
10 28
8 40
10 59
10 46
12 01
11 44
11 49
12 03
II 31
10 29
10 09
938
11 08
II 23
9 35
10 20
9 54
9 31
10 55
10 50
10 19
9 22
9 24
10 00
9 03
9 30
833
11 42
II 56
9 19
10 49
10 35
11 56
12 00
II 23
9 10
II 43
II 25
10 51
10 49
9 37
Observer or
authority
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 8 stations
H. A. Rowland
County surveyor
Mean, 4 stations
Do.
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 7 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 9 stations
O. P. Hamilton
Mean, 9 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 18 stations
T. C. Hilgard
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 15 stations
Do.
Mean, 10 stations
County surveyor
T. C. Hilgard
M.R.Brown
J. B. Kaufman
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 9 stations
County surveyor
I station
Mean, 9 stations
Do.
Mean, 7 stations
Noble & Paul
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 13 stations
E. Diefendorf
D. A. Long
Mean, 13 stations
O. E. Noble
A. P. Duryea
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 23 stations
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 15 stations
J. H. Simpson
J. W. Rawson
Mean, 15 stations
A. P. Duryea
Mean, 16 stations
County surveyor
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
l6l
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
KANSAS— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
•
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
o /
/
East
/
East
/
Westmoreland
39 24
96 23
1895
9 08
8 46
County surve^'or
Pottawatomie County
• •
• « • •
1855
12 00
10 09
Mean, 11 stations
Mitchell County
• « •
• « • •
1862
12 50
II 13
Mean, 9 stations
Jackson County
*
• • •
1855
II 46
9 55
Mean, 5 stations
Stockton
39 26
99 17
1895
II 13
10 52
County surveyor
Osborne
39 27
98 41
1895
10 58
10 37
A. A. Nolan
Cloud County
• •
• • • •
1858
13 12
II 31
Mean, 12 stations
Concordia
39 34
97 40
1900.0
9 15
9 08
County surveyors
Atchison
39 34
95 09
1892
8 43
8 10
City engineer
Atchison County
• •
• •
1855
II 08
9 17
Mean, 16 stations
Jewell
39 40
9809
1894
10 40
10 15
County surveyor
Jewell County
• • •
• • •
1862
12 28
10 51
Mean, 14 stations
Cheyenne County
•
• • • •
1870
13 37
12 16
Mean, 19 stations
Rawlins County
• • • •
« • «
1870
13 20
II 59
Mean, 17 stations
Decatur County
• • • •
• • •
1864
13 30
12 03
Mean, 7 stations
Norton County
• •
• • •
1865
13 00
II 33
Mean, 14 stations
Phillips County
• •
• • •
1859
13 23
II 51
Mean, 18 stations
Phillipsburg
39 46
99 20
1895
10 58
10 37
F. R. Weeks
Smith County
• • •
• • *
1862
13 15
II 38
Mean, 1 1 stations
Smith Center
39 46
98 48
1895
II 39
II 17
W. H. Withington
Doniphan County
• • • •
• • •
1855
II 20
9 29
Mean, 12 stations
Do.
39 47
95 06
1900.0
8 54
8 47
F. P. Marsh
Marshall County
• •
• • • •
1855
II 50
9 59
Mean, 18 stations
Nemaha County
• •
• • •
1855
II 20
9 29
Mean, 22 stations
Washington County
39 49
97 02
1899.0
10 29
10 19
T. C. Edington
Do.
• •
• » •
1856
II 57
10 06
Mean, 19 stations
Seneca
39 50
96 04
1900.0
852
8 45
M. Mathews
Republic County
• • •
• • •
1658
12 03
10 22
Mean, 9 stations
Brown County
•
• • • •
1855
II 40
9 49
Mean, 23 stations
Vermilion Creek
39 57
96 16
1858. 6
II 35
9 46
J. H. Simpson
Big Blue River
40 00
96 35
1858. 6
14 10
12 21
Do.
KENTUCKY
Group I
Hickman
Williamsburg
Mayiield
Russellville
Twenty-seven Mile Island
Oakland
Patterson Landing
Upper Point of Rocks
Paaucah
Princeton
Greenville
Madisonville
Livingston
Leitchfield
Stanford
27478 — 02-
/
36 34
36 45
36 45
36 50
36 57
37 02
37 03
37 04
37 04
37 07
.37 13
37 19
37 20
37 30
37 31
89 12
84 09
88 41
8653
88 14
86 15
88 25
88 17
8837
87 53
87 II
87 33
84 14
86 22
84 44
1881. 73
1900.47
1881.74
1901.56
1865. 15
1871.85
1865. 18
1865. 13
1901-50
1901.51
1901.55
1881. 76
1900.47
1881.77
1881.79
EorW
5
o
5
3
7
6
6
7
4
3
47-3
50.4
12.9
19.2
22
14.2
44
25
25.6
46. 6 E
3 47. o E
5 06. 2 E
o 29. 9 E
3 19-3 E
4 15.8 E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
EorW
o /
4 30E
o 45 H
3 55E
3 17E
5 07E
4 23E
4 29 E
5 loE
4 24E
3 45E
345E
3 49E
o 25 E
2 04E
3 01 E
J. B. Baylor '
D. L. Hazard
J. B. Baylor
W. Weinrich
A. T. Mosman
Mosman & Smith
A. T. Mosman
Do.
W. Weinrich
Do.
Do.
J. B. Baylor
D. L. Hazard
J. B. Baylor
Do.
II
1 64
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January i, igo2 — Continued.
LOUISIANA— Continued
Station
Group II — Continued
Ascension Parish
Lake Charles
Calcasieu Parish
West Baton Rouge Parish
Covington
St. Tammany Parish
East Baton Rouge Parish
Opelousas
Cnappeau
Tangipahoa Parish
St. Landry Parish
Pointe Coupee Parish
St. Francisville
West Feliciana Parish
East Feliciana Parish
Washington Parish
Avoyelles Parish
Vernon Parish
Leesville
Alexandria
Rapides Parish
Gaines Ferry
Concordia Parish
Many
Sabine Parish
Catahoula Parish
Public Survey Station
Natchitoches
Public Survey Station
Grand Ecore
Public Survey Station
Tensas Parish
Kelly
Caldwell Parish
Winnsboro
Franklin Parish
Bossier Parish
Madison Parish
Public Survey Station
Richland Parish
Monroe
Ouachita Parish
Ruston
Lincoln Parish
Minden
Aycock
Lake Providence
East Carroll Parish
West Carroll Parish
Morehouse Parish
Public Survey Station
Lati-
tude
30 13
30 28
30 32
30 33
• • •
30 48
Longi-
tude
• • • \
31 40
31 44
31 45
31 48
31 50
• • •
31 58
• •
32 09
• • » •
32 16
• • • •
32 25
• • • •
32 29
32 30
•
32 35
32 42
32 47
• •
•
t • • •
32 50
o /
• • • •
93 12
• • • •
« • •
90 06
92 04
90 20
91 23
31 08
31 17
93 15
92 27
• «
31 28
93 45
• • •
31 33
• • • *
93 29
92 32
93 05
92 22
93 07
92 32
• • •
92 10
• •
91 42
• • • •
93 28
a • • •
92 32
• • •
92 08
• • •
92 37
• • •
93 17
92 54-
91 09
Date of
observa-
tion
92 22
896
901
867
896
901.0
848
896
897
895
840
854
852
901
852
853
845
850
877
901
872.3
873
840.4
837
901. 2
895
844
835.5
895
834.5
872.3
834.5
839
899.0
842
900.5
838
901
838
836.5
841
872.3
848
900
895
895
901
894
846
855
854
835-5
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
6 00
6 20
8 20
6 40
5 19
7 52
6 00
6 27
6 00
7 57
8 34
835
6 05
8 04
8 00
7 55
833
7 40
6 30
7 43-9
8 19
8 40.5
8 32
6 56
6 30
838
8 40
7 05
8 30
7 52.4
8.30
8 20
6 32
8 40
6 00
8 28
7 12
825
8 30
8 23
7 35-5
8 30
6 30.
7 00
8 30
6 30
6 30
8 10
8 22
8 25
8 40
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
5
6
6
6
5
5
5
6
5
5
6
6
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
6
6
5
6
41
18
32
21
16
31
41
12
38
29
21
19
6 03
48
45
31
14
19
28
08
47
13
6 04
6 53
08
15
12
43
02
17
02
52
22
14
55
00
7
5
6
5
6
6
6
6
10
57
02
56
00
09
25
38
8 08
6 28
04
47
10
12
12
6
5
6
6
6
Observer or
authoritv
Parish surveyor
G. O. Elms
Mean, 35 stations
Parish surveyor
G. D. Harris
Mean, 32 stations
R. Swart
G. O. Elms
Thomas Garahy
Mean, 13 stations
Mean, 52 stations
Mean, 16 stations
W. B. Smith
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 20 stations
Mean, 18 stations
Mean, 4 stations •
Elzie Stokes
T. C. Hilgard
Mean, 6 stations
J. D. Graham
Mean, 8 stations
D. Vandegaer
I station
Mean, 20 stations
Public surveyor
Parish surveyor
Public surveyor
T. C. Hilgard
Public surveyor
Mean, 16 stations
A.J. McDaniel
Mean, 3 stations
B. W. Leigh
Mean, 1 2 stations
G. D. Alexander
Mean, 15 stations
Public surveyor
Mean, 17 stations
T. C. Hilgard
Mean, 5 stations
H. T. Riser
I station
Parish surveyor
B. R. Coleman
Parish surveyor
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, ii stations
Mean, 23 stations
Public surveyor
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
165
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January i , 1^02 — Continued.
MAINE
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group I
/
1
/
West
/
West
/
Appledore Island
42 59
70 37
1847. 62
10 03. 5
13 13
T. J. Lee
Kittery Point
43 05
70 43
1898.86
13 12.3
13 18
E. Smith
Cape Neddick
43 12
70 36
1851.66
II 09.0
13 59
J. E. Hilgard
Agamenticus
43 13
70 42
1847. 74
10 09.8
13 18
Lee & Fauntleroy
Kennebunk Port
43 21
70 28
1851.65
II 23.6
14 14
J.,E. Hilgard
Fletcher Neck
43 27
70 20
1850. 69
II 17.5
14 12
Do.
Richmond Island
43 33
70 14
1850. 71
12 18. I
15 12
Do.
Portland
43 39
70 17
1895.57
14 16.2
14 29
J. B. Baylor
Harpswell
43 44
70 01
1863.55
14 25.5
16 24
C. A. Schott
Mount Independence
43 46
70 19
1849. 77
II 46.4
14 44
G. Davidson
Cape Small
43 47
69 51
1851.80
12 05.5
14 44
G. W. Dean
Freeport
43 51
70 06
1863. 53
14 II. 7
16 00
C. A. Schott
Brunswick
43 54
6958
1873- 70
14 18.0
15 28
T. C. Hilgard
Bath
43 55
69 49
1863.52
12 51.8
14 40
C. A. Schott
Daniariscotta
44 02
69 32
1887.60
15 12.8
15 40
J. B. Baylor
Mount Pleasant
44 02
70 49
1851.64
14 32. 1
17 22
G. W. Dean
Rockland
44 06
69 06
1863. 52
15 02. 1
16 50
C. A. Schott
Mount Sabattus
44 09
70 05
1853. 57
12 53.5
15 24
J. E. Hilgard
Camden Village
44 12
69 05
1854. 83
13 57.1
16 22
Dean ^ Breckin-
ridge
Mount Ragged
44 13
69 09
1854. 74
14 16.8
16 42
Dean & Harris
South West Harbor
44 15
68 18
1856. 74
15 25.2
17 30
S. Harris
Mount Desert
44 21
68 14
1856. 77
15 14.2
17 20
G. W. Dean
Belfast
44 26
69 01
1863. 52
15 30.3
17 18
C. A. Schott
Mill Bridge
44 32
67 54
1887.62
17 04.9
17 26
J. B. Baylor
Howard
44 38
67 24
1859. 61
18 31.6
20 13
G. W. Dean
Mount Saunders
44 39
68 36
1856. 82
14 59.4
17 04
Dean & Toomer
Epping Base, east end
44 40
67 50
1857.5
16 20
18 II
C. 0. Boutelle
Mount Harris
44 40
69 09
1855. 67
14 34. 6
16 45
Dean & Mclver
Farmington
44 40
70 09
1887. 76
14 56. 2
15 17
J. B. Baylor
Machiasport
Pittsfield
44 41
67 24
1887.64
17 42.9
17 58
Do.
44 46
69 22
1887. 74
15 59.3
16 20
Do.
Bangor
44 48
6847
1895. 58
16 57.4
17 05
Do.
Humpback
44 52
68 07
1858. 65
15 47. 8
17 34
Dean & Mosman
Eastport
44 54
6659
1895.61
18 53.2
18 58
J. B. Baylor
Cooper
44 59
67 28
1859. 69
16 31.9
18 13
G. W. Dean
Calais
45 II
67 17
1895.64
17 25.3
17 30
G. R. Putnam
Greenville
45 28
6936
1887. 73
16 48. 1
17 09
J. B. Bavlor
Mattawamkeag
45 31
68 24
1887. 72
17 56.6
18 12
Dol
Vanceboro
45 34
67 27
1887. 70
18 21.6
18 37
Do.
Danforth
45 40
6758
1887. 71
18 22. 7
18 38
Do.
Hottlton
46 07
67 53
1887.68
19 00.3
19 15
Do.
Presque Isle
46 39
68 00
1S87.66
20 03.8
20 19
Do.
Group II
Hiram
43 50
70 45
1845.2
II 58
15 18
Wadsworth
Ra)rmond
43 57
70 24
1838.5
9 45
13 33
3d Geol. Report
West Thomaston
44 05
69 05
1840. 5
12 II
15 40
Do.
Greenwood ,
44 20
70 45
1845.5
12 08
15 25
Do.
Bethel ,
44 27
70 51
1845.5
II 50
15 07
Do.
Searsport
44 28
68 56
1901
16 20
16 21
J. W. Brock
North Vassalboro
44 30
69 40
1880.5
15 35
16 22
I. E. Getchell
Rumford
44 30
70 40
1840.5
II 10
14 50
3d Geol. Report
Steuben
44 31
67 58
1895
17 05
17 16
County surveyor
i68
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
MARYLAND— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
•
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group /—Continued
/
/
West
/
West
/
Middlebrook
39 II
77 14
1899-53
449.7
4 57
Vehrenkamp
Cross Roads I
39 II
77 12
1899.54
6 03.0
6 10
Do.
North Point
39 12
76 27
1847. 32
I 39.6
506
T.J.Lee
Fairfax Stone
39 12
79 29
1897. 59
3 07.2
3 21
L. A. Bauer
Camp Fairfax
39 13
79 29
1897.60
3 05.8
3 20
Do.
Chestertown
39 13
76 05
1897. 41
5 47.0
6 02
Do.
Tolchester
39 13
76 14
1897. 41
5 37.1
5 52
Do.
Dickerson
39 14
77 25
1900.25
2 33.0
2 38
J. A. Fleming
Unity
39 14
77 04
1896.87
5 36.0
5 52
L. A. Bauer
Backbone Mountain
39 14
79 29
1897- 64
3 06.9
3 21
Do.
Baltimore, Fort McHenry
39 16
76 35
1895. 74
5 20.3
5 40
J. B. Baylor
Ellicott City, S. M.
39 16
7648
1900.45
5 12.9
5 18
Do.
Ellicott City, N. M.
39 16
7648
1900.45
4 59.6
5 04 .
Do.
Ellicott City
39 16
76 48
1896.81
4 44.3
5 01
L. A. Bauer
Pooles Island
39 17
76 16
1847. 48
2 29.3
5 55
T.J.Lee
Corunna, N. M.
39 17
79 23
IQ00.41
3 22.9
328
W. M. Brown
Damascus
39 17
77 12
1896. 87
4 02.8
4 19
L. A. Bauer
Massey
39 18
75 48
1896.72
6 25.0
6 42
Do.
Rosanne
39 18
76 43
1845.44
2 10.9
5 43
T.J.Lee
Lisbon
39 20
77 04
1899.37
4 41.8
4 50
L. A. Bauer
Maryland Heights
39 20
77 43
1897- 57
4 19.2
4 33
Do.
Betterton
39 22
76 04
1899.47
4 03.9
4 12
Do.
Lower Hill
39 22
79 29
1897. 73
3 16.7
3 30
Do.
Sykesville
39 22
7658
1899. 37
6 24.0
6 32
Do.
Finlay
39 ^A
76 32
1846. 29
2 18.5
5 48
Lee & Locke
Towson, M. L.
39 24
76 36
1897. 32
5 46.6
6 01
L. A. Bauer
Oakland
39 25
79 25
1899.43
3 25.7
3 34
Do.
Frederick, Asylum
39 25
77 25
1896.76
4 42.2
4 59
Do.
Bradshaw
39 25
76 23
1897. 37
5 18.8
5 34
Do.
Swanton
39 27
79 12
1899.44
3 36.6
3 44
Do.
Osbornes Ruin
39 28
76 17
1845. 47
2 32.4
6 04
T. J. Lee
Belcamp
39 28
76 14
1896.85
6 05.7
6 22
L. A. Bauer
Reistertown
39 28
76 50
1899.38
7 02.6
7 II
Do.
Hydes
39 '29
76 29
1897.35
5 44.7
5 59
Do.
Cockeysville
39 29
76 39
1896. 74
6 02. 1 ,
6 19
Do.
Libertytown
39 29
77 14
1899.38
4 47.2
4.55
Do.
Western port
39 29
79 02
1897. 59
3 46.2
4.00
Do.
Snaggy Mountain
Taylors Hill
39 29
79 29
1897. 74
3 37.2
3.51
Do.
39 30-
79 30
1897. 75
3 31.7
3-45
Do.
Havre de Grace
39 32
76 05
1899.47
5 24.4
5.32
Do.
Belair, Hotel
39 32
76 21
1897.08
5 41.5 .
5.57
Do.
Belair, Dallam
39 32
76 21
1897.- 36
4 37-2
4.52
Do.
McHenry
39 33
79 21
1899.43
3 36.3
3.44
Do.
Church ville
39 34
76 15
1897. 35
5 43.2
5.58
Do.
Lonaconing
39 34
78 59-
1898.66
3 510
4,01
Do.
Fikes Hill, west
39 34
79 30
1897. 78
3 40.4
3.54
Do.
Fikes Hill, east
39 35
79 29
1897. 77
3 40.3
3.54
. Do.
Thomas Run
39 35
76 17
1897. 35
5 37.8
5.52
Do.
Forest Hill
39 35
76 23
1896.85
5 24.5
5.41
Do.
Westminster
39 35
77 00
1896.77
5 06.9
5.24
Do.
Westminster, S. M.
39 35
77 00
1900.45
4 45.0
4.50
J. B. Baylor
Westminster, N. M.
39 35
77 00
1900.46
4 48.1
4.53
Do.
Elkton, S. M.
39 36
75 50
1900.44
5 21.3
526
Do.
Elkton, N. M.
39 36
75 50
1900.44
5 51.5
556
Do.
Elkton
39 36
75 50
1896. 79
5 12.0
5 29
L. A. Bauer
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
169
Table of ike most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, 1^02 — Continued.
MARYLAND— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group /—Continued
/
/
1
West
/
West
/
Hagerstown
39 36
77 43
1896.77
4 34.2
4 51
L. A. Bauer
Hagerstown, N. M.
39 38
77 45
1900.44
4 36.7
4 41
J. A. Fleming
New Germany
3938
79 07
1899.44
3 59.0
4 07
L. A. Bauer
Accident
39 38
79 19
1899.43
3 44.8 .
3 52
Do.
Dublin, fgabbrorock)
Minefiela
39 39
76 16
1897. 37
10 00.9
10 16
L. A. Bauer
39 39
76 22
1897.37
6 53.7
708
Do.
Parkton
39 39
76 40
1899.45
5 59.1
6 07
Do.
Cumberland M. L.
39 40
78 46
1897. 62
4 06.4
4 20
Do.
Highland
39 40
76 22
1897. 37
5 33.2
5 48
Do.
Manchester
39 40
76 53
1899.38
5 34.7
5 43
Do.
Taneytown
39 40
77 II
1899.38
457.8
506
Do.
Calvert
39 42
75 58
1899.47
5 26.0
5 34
Do.
Rising Sun
39 42
76 03
1899.47
5 08.8
5 16
Do.
Hancock
39 42
78 10
1897. 57
4 24.9
4 39
Do.
Grantsville
39 42
79 09
1899.43
3 58.4
4 06
Do.
Cardiff, Peerless Quarry
39 43
76 19
1897. 37
6 51. 1
706
Do.
Cardiff, Schoolhouse
39 43
76 20
1897.37
7 27.7
7 42
Do.
Cardiff, Boundary Station
39 43
76 20
1897.37
8 35.5
8 50
Do.
Cardiff, Railroad
39 43
76 20
1896.85
4 25.9
4 42
Do.
Group II
Monie Bay
38 13
75 54
1860.6
2 35
5 "
D. S. Hessey
Vienna
38 29
75 49
1886.6
4 50
5 42
J. W. Thompson
A.shton
3908
77 01
1893. 1
5 28
5 57
H. B. Looker
On boundary line between
39 28
79 03
1898.5
3 09.1
3 20
W. M. Brown
Allegany and Garrett
counties
Do.
39 30
79 03
1898.5
3 46.8
358
• Do.
Do.
39 33
79 01
1898.5
3 54.4
4 05
Do.
Do.
39 35
79 00
1898.5
3 54.1
4 05
Do.
Do.
3938
7858
1898.5
4 00. 2
4 II
Do.
Do.
39 40
78 57
1898.5
4 02.9
4 14
Do.
Do.
39 43
78 55
1898.5
4 04.2
4 15
Do.
MASSACHUSETTS
Group I
Nantucket Cliff
Sampson Hill
Indian
Vineyard Haven
Tarpaulin Cove
Fairhaven
Hyannis
Chatham
Shootflying
Copecut
Cromeset
Wellfleet
Manomet
Provincetown
/
41
17
41
23
41
26
41
28
41
28
41
37
41
38
41
40
41
41
41
43
41
44
41
56
41
56
42 03 1
'
West
t
West
'
70 06
1895. 49
12 11. 1
12 24
J. B. Baylor
T. J. Lee
70 29
1846. 56
8 48.7
II 56
70 41
1846. 61
8 49.4
II 57
Do.
70 36
1875. 72
10 34.2
II 45
J. M. Poole
70 45
1846. 60
9 12. 1
12 19
T. J. Lee
70 54
1845. 80
8 54.2
12 05
Do.
70 18
1846. 65
9 21.6
12 29
Lee & Fauntleroy
69 57
1860.69
II II. 6
13 19
C. A. Schott
70 21
1846. 66
9 40.3
12 48
Lee & Fauntleroy
71 04
1844.77
9 08.8
12 24
T. J. Lee
70 43
1887. 47
II 46
12 18
G. Bradford
70 02
i860. 70
10 43.5
12 52
C. A. Schott
70 36
1867.58
10 24.6
12 05
C. 0. Boutelle
70 II
1895. 53
12 59.2
13 12
J. B. Baylor
172
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, igo2 — Continued.
MICHIGAN— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Group //—Continued
Pontiac
Algonac
Barry County
Hastings
Oakland County
Macomb County
Sau^atuck
Agricultiu-al College
Black Leg Harbor
Public Survey Station
Stag Island
Grand River
Ottawa County
Ionia County
Clinton County
Shiawassee County
St. Clair County
Fort Gratiot
Public Survey Station
Genesee County
Kent County
2 m. south of Lakeport
Elsie
Lapeer County
4 m. south of Lexington
Muskegon
I m. south of Lexington
I m. north of Lexington
Muskegon County
Montcalm County
Gratiot County
Public Survey Station
3 m. S. of New London Pt.
Public Survey Station
Saginaw County
Wahley
Whitehall
New London Point
St. Louis
Sanilac County
Port Sanilac
Saginaw
Tuscola County
Fremont
Miller Creek
Cherry Creek
Little Point aux Sables
Newaygo County
Benona
Mount Pleasant
Elk Creek
3 m. W. of Quamakissee R.
Oceana County
Mecosta County
Isabella County
42 37
42 37
• • • •
42 38
42 40
42 45
42 46
42 50
42 53
42 55
T ^«^ Date of I Declina-
^T* observa- ! tion ob-
I tion served
Declina-
tion in
1902
43 00
43 00
43 19
43 20
43 20
• • • a
43 22
43 22
43 23
43 24
• •
43 25
43 25
43 34
43 36
43 37
43 37
83 19
82 32
• •
85 18
• • •
• • •
86 12
84 31
86 12
84 22
82 27
86 10
82 25
84 22
85 59
82 31
84 22
• * •
82 32
86 25
82 31
84 36
• • •
82 32
8358
43 28
8558
43 28
8233
43 30 !
82 34
43 31
85 54
86 30
84 47
82 35
83 43
43 05
43 06
82 28
8425
• « •
43 12
43 13
43 15
43 16
• • • >
• •
82 30
86 19
82 31
82 31
• • •
895
867.0
829
901
819
817
871.6
901.3
871.6
826.5
866.5
837.5
835
895
831
824
821
873.5
831.5
823
837
859.8
901.2
826
859.8
871.5
859.6
859.7
838
839
831
837.5
858.8
832.5
827
860.4
871.5
858.8
876.8
833
858.7
876.7
835
872
858.7
858.6
837.5
830
870.6
895
858. 6
857.7
839
841
839
Eor W
o /
o 28
o 04
5 03
00
4 37
4 50
2 22
o
2
4
o
4
5
o
3
3
4
o
3
3
4
o
o
4
o
4
I
1 21
4
3
3
6
I
3
3
I
4
o
o
3
o
o
3
I
o 43
o 42
6 00
29
23.
55
22
30
32
30
50
21
41
37
27
41
23
15
35
39
36
02
00
19
33
08
15
14
00
12
05.
02.
43
58.
07
30
23.
50
45
3
4
o
o
I
4
4
3
35
56
30
35
32
48
08
21
W
E
E
E
E
E
W
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
W
E
E
E
W
W
E
W
E
W
W
E
E
E
E
W
E
E
W
E
W
E
E
W
E
E
E
W
W
E
E
E
W
W
E
E
E
E
E or
W
/
57
w
2 35
w
37
E
02
W
05
E
02
W
03
E
32
W
05
E
27 E
2 19
E
31
E
I 30
E
01
E
34
\V
I 08 W
10
W
2 47
w
57
w
49
w
03
E
3 24
W
38W
06 W
3 45
W
I 43
E
4 09
W
4 30
W
20
E
38
W
I 16 W
2 15
E
4 26 w
I 22
W
I 16 W
4 II
W
I 43
E
3 55
W
57
W
I 26 W
3 43
w
I 33
w
27
w
30
w
356W
3 55
w
2 00
E
57
W
2 33
E
59
W
3 48W
I 44
W
50
E
02
E
50 W
Observer or
authority
County surveyor
O. N. Chaffee
Mean, 16 stations
L. S. Cobb
Mean, 21 stations
Mean, 15 stations
H. Custer
H. K. Vedder
Farauhar & Foote
Public surveyor
F. M. Towar
Mean, 18 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 14 stations
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 18 stations
A. N. Lee
Public surveyor
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 24 stations
W. H. Hearding
Charles ISAAy
Mean, 17 stations
W. H. Hearding
L. Foote
W. H. Hearding
Do.
Mean, 20 stations
Mean, 19 stations
Mean, 13 stations
Public surveyor
W. H. Hearding
Public surveyor
Mean, 17 stations
W. P. Smith
Farquhar & Foote
W. H. Hearding
D. W. Lockwood
Mean, 31 stations
W. H. Hearding
D. W. Lockwood
Mean, 22 stations
W. S. Merrill
W. H. Hearding
Do.
Mean, 24 stations
J. W. Cuyler
Countv surveyor
W.H. Hearding
Do.
Mean, 18 stations
Mean, 15 stations
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
173
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlyijig
territories reduced to January 7, igo2 — Continued.
MICHIGAN— Continued
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
Declina-
Declina-
Station
observa-
tion ob-
1
tion in
tion
served
1902
Group //—Continued
' /
1
/
Eor W
/
E or W
f
Midland County
•
• • •
1832
3 II E
I II W
Saginaw River, mouth
43 39
83 50
1856. 5
I 28 K
I 52 w
Forest ville
43 40
82 34
1873. 5
I 30. 7 W
34IW
4 m. NW. of Saginaw River
43 41
8355
1856. 5
I 28 E
I 52 w
Big Rapids
43 42
85 28
1900.7
27 E
21 E
White Rock Point
43 43
82 36
1858.6
21 W
334W
Bay County
• •
• •
1839
2 29 E
I 42 W
Pdre Marquette River
43 44
85 43
1837- 5
4 34 E
14E
Public Survey Station
43 45
84 22
1832. 5
2 55 E
I 27 w
Nyahquing Point
43 46
8356
1856.5
I 14 E
2 06 W
Sharpe Bay
43 47
82 36
1858. 5
iS W
3 31 W
Pentwater
43 47
86 25
1895
I 45 E
I 16 E
Cranes Point
43 50
82 38
1858. 5
16 W
3 30 W
Harbor Beach, south end
43 50
82 38
1901.5
; 2 34. 8 W
2 37 W
Harbor Beach, middle
43 51
82 38
1901-5
2 41. 5 W
244W
SouUi of Point aux Barques
43 51
82 42
1835.5
I 38 E
2 51 w
20 m. \V. of Pt. aux Barques
43 51
83 06
1835. 5
2 06 E
2 23 W
Huron County
• •
• • • •
1835
: 239 E
I 50 w
Stony Island
43 52
83 26
1857.5
24 E
2 54 W
Forest Bay
43 53
82 40
1858. 5
03 E
3 II W
Sand Point
43 55
83 23
1858. 7
32 E
2 41 W
Stafford
43 57
82 42
, 1858. 5
12 W
3 26 W
P^re Marquette
43 57
86 27
1871.6
, 4 18 E
2 ooE
Standish
43 58
83 59
1895
2 00 W
2 29 W
Arenac County
1844
2 18 E
I 47 W
Gladwin County
1850
2 41 E
I 00 W
Clare County
1847
3 39 E
II W
Osceola County
1842
3 37 E
26 W
Lake County
1839
3 37 E
21 W
Mason County
1938
' 5 18 E
I 19 E
Oak Point, near
43 59
83 11
1857.7
I 05 E
2 12 E
Pointe aux Gres
43 59
83 40
1857.7
I 30 E
I 47 E
Little Lake Sable
43 59
86 28
1866.7
, 4 12 E
I 34 E
2 m. north of Stafford
44 00
82 45
1858. 5
08 E
3 06 W
Pt. aux Barques L. H., near
44 00
82 46
1858. 5
1 05 E
3 09W
Partridge River
44 00
83 03
1857. 6
; 08 E
3 09 W
Hat Point
44 00
8306
ti857.7
40 E
237W
Pointe aux Barques
44 01
8247
1857.5
00. 4 W
3 18 W
Willow River
44 02
82 50
1857.4
12 W
3 30 W
Gravelly Point
44 03
83 34
1857. 7
I 25 E
I 52 w
Point aux Barques
44 04
82 57
1857.5
00
3 18 W
6 m. N. of White Stone Pt.
44 12
83 33
1857. 5
34 E
2 44 w
Cadillac
44 14 1
85 25
1881
22 E
I 12 w
Manistee
44 15 1
86 20
1900.6
I 30 E
I 24 E
Manistee County
• • •
• • «
1842
3 54 E
02 E
4 m. north of Tawas Point
44 18
83 24
1856. 5
2 05 E
I 17 W
Wexford County
• • •
1844
3 10 E
38 W
Missaukee County
• • « •
185 1
348 E
10 E
Roscommon County
• •
1847
3 00 E
50 W
Ogemaw County
1845
2 31 E
I 24 w
Iosco County
• « • •
1844
I 50 E
2 15 w
Au Sable
44 24
83 19
1901.5
I 24. oW
I 26 W
Sable River
44 25
83 19 '
1856. 5
2 12 E
I 10 W
North Bar Lake
44 29
86 15
1866.7
3 16 E
38E
Geological Station
44 31
83 50
1838. 5
2 00 E .
2 27 w
Observer or
authority
Mean, 11 stations
W. H. Hearding
A. N. Lee
W. H. Hearding
L. W. June
W. H. Hearding
Mean, 16 stations
Public sun'eyor
W. H. Hearding
Do.
H. A. Grant
\V. H. Hearding
T. Russell
Do.
Mean, 31 stations
W. H. Hearding
Do.
W. P. Smith
W. H. Hearding
F. U. Farquhar
County surveyor
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 16 stations
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 17 stations
W. H. Hearding
G. W. Lamson
A. F. Chaffee
W\ H. Hearding
Do.
G. W. Lamson
Do.
W. H. Hearding
G. W. Lamson
W. H. Hearding
G. W. Lamson
Countv surveyor
S. H. Baker
Mean, 18 stations
G. W. Lamson
Mean, 17 stations
Mean, 16 stations
Do.
Do.
Mean, 21 stations
T. Russell
W. H. Hearding
O. N. Chaffee
176
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, 1^2 — Continued.
MICHIGAN- -Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Drummond I. near Harbor I.
Seul Choix Point
Goose Island
Drummond I. , S. side
Drummond I., SW. point
Drummond I., E. side
Scott Point
Manistique River
Point au Barque
Manistique
Point Brulee
Do.
Isle St. Martin
Grosse Point
Point Patterson
Search Bay, Pt. St. Martin
Point St. Martin
Point Brulee
Drummond Island
Search Bay
Detour
Point Brulee
Mackinac County
East of Boiling Spring Pt.
Sault Island
Boiling Spring Point
Pointe Epoufette
Robinson
Linie Island
Naubinway
Maple Hill
Schoolcraft County
Twin Island, Mud Lake
W. Neebish Rapids
Neebish Island, N. end
Chippewa County
Alger County
Round Island
Salt Point
Grand Island, S. end
Laughing Fish River
Sugar Island Rapids
Soo A
Point Iroquois
Sault Ste. Marie
Sugar Island, NE. side
Chocolate River
Shot Point
Small River
Grand Island, near L. H.
Sec. 14, T. 48 N., R. 38 W.
Little Girl Point
Granite Point
Black River
Grand Marais
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
t'on
Declina-
tion ob-
served
/
/
45 55
83 34
45 55
85 55
45 56
84 26
45 56
8338
45 56
83 42
45 57
83 29
45 57
85 41
45 57
86 10
45 57
86 20
45 58
86 13
45 58
84 32
45 58
84 33
45 58
8435
45 58
84 41
45 58
85 39
45 59
84 31
45 59
84 32
45 59
84 34
45 59
83 53
46 00
84 30
46 00
83 55
46 00
8432
B • • •
46 02
• • •
8435
46 02
83 45
46.02
64 38
46 04
8507
46 04
84 25
46 06
84 00
46 07
85 33
46 09
84 47
• • • •
46 12
« • • •
84 06
46 18
84 12
46 20
«
84 II
• •
46 27
« •
84 31
46 28
8452
46 28
86 40
46 28
8655
46 29
84 18
46 29
84 21
46 29
8438
46 30
84 20
46 30
84 08
46 30
87 20
46 31
87 10
46 32
87 10
46 34
86 40
46 35
89 01
46 37
90 17
46 39
87 27
46 40
90 02
46 41
85 57
859.5
855.7
896.7
859.6
859.6
859.5
855.5
864.5
864.5
897.8
849.7
849.7
849. 6
849.6
854.5
849.7
849.6
849.7
897.7
849.7
897.7
849.7
845
849.6
854.5
849.6
854.7
896.6
897.7
897.8
896.6
845
854.5
854.5
897.6
845
845
896.6
896.5
859.7
867.5
854.5
895.4
896.5
895.3
853.5
867.6
867.6
824.5
867.7
883.1
868.6
866.5
868.5
867.7
EorW
o /
50
W
3 56.0
E
I 07.9
W
Q 26
W
13
E
26
E
306
E
306
E
3 28
E
15.2
E
I 24
E
I 10
E
32
E
2 00
E
2 51
E
47.5
E
59
E
I 14.5
E
348.3
W
40
E
3 50. 8 W
I 15
E
258
E
I 32
E
I 23
\V
I 59
E
2 30.0
E
I 31.0
W
3 50.9
W
03.4
W
54.3
W
4 12
E
2 37
W
2 03
W
3 29.1
w
I 33
E
4 18
E
2 04.9
W
2 08. 6 W
4 13
E
5 00
E
17
E
I 51.3
W
I 34.1
W
2 16.5
W
40
E
5 25
E
5 19
E
7 21
E
3 06
E
3 20
E
8 00
E
3 04
E
7 50
E
2 02
E
Declina-
tion in
1902
EorW
O f
4 28 W
04 E
1 36 W
4 04 W
3 25W
3 12 \V
o 47 W
o 09 W
o 13E
05 W
2 50 \V
3 04 W
3 42 W
2 14 W
1 05 w
3 26W
3 15W
2 59 W
4 09 W
3 34,W
4 II W
2 59 W
1 27 W
2 42 W
5 19 W
2 15 W
I 26 W
I 59 W
4 II W
24 W
1 22 W
o 13 W
6 30 W
5 59 W
350W
2 52 \V
07 W
2 33 W
2 38W
035E
1 58 E
3 39 W
2 24 W
2 02 W
2 50 W
3 20 w
2 24E
2 18E
2 28E
05 E
1 39 E
5 04E
o 02 W
453E
o 59 W
Observer or
authority
W. H. Hearding
Do.
T. Russell
W. H. Hearding
Do.
Do.
Do.
W. T. Casgrain
Do.
T. Russell
E. P. Scammon
Do.
Do.
Do.
G. W. Lamson
E. P. Scammon
Do.
Do.
T. Russell
E. P. Scammon
T. Russell
E. P. Scammon
Mean, 23 stations
E. P. Scammon
Do.
Do.
Chart
T. Russell
Do.
Do.
Do.
Mean, 2 stations
E. P. Scammon
Do.
T. Russell
Mean, 17 stations
Mean, 8 stations
G. E. Balch
Do.
G. W. Lamson
H. Gillman
E. P. Scammon
C. S. Rich^
G. E. Balch
C. S. Rich^
E. P. Scammon
H. Gillman
Do.
H. W. Bayfield
O. B. Wheeler
C. S. Woodard
H. Gillman
A. Molitor
H. Gillman
Chart
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
177
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, ipo2 — Continued.
MICHIGAN— Continued
Station
Group II — Continued
Pine Cliff
Crisp ^^ near
Whitefish Point
Lone Rock, n'rPorcupineMt
Point on shore
Little Iron River
Iron River
Ontonagon
Keweenaw Bay-
Huron River
Portage Entry
Misery River
Torch Bay
Point above Elm River
Dollar Bay
Salmon Trout River
2 m. N. of Traverse Point
Torch Lake
Portage Lake, N. end
Isabella Point
Gratiot River
West of Eagle River
Eagle River
Copper Harbor
Agate Harbor
Eagle Harbor
Isle Royale, S. shore
Isle Royale, Washin^on H.
Isle Royale, Siskawit Point
Isle Royale, Wright Island
Isle Royale, Todd Harbor
Isle Royale, Fish Island
Isle Rovale, Scoville Point
Lati- Longi-
tude tude
46 42
46 44
46 46
46 48
46 48
46 49
46 50
46 51
46 52
46 55
46 59
47 00
47 05
47 05
47 07
47 09
47 II
47 12
47 13
47 21
47 21
47 23
47 25
47 28
47 28
47 28
47 50
47 53
47 54
47 58
48 05
48 09
48 10
85 53
85 15
8457
89 49
90 01
87 35
89 34
89 20
88 28
88 07
88 25
8859
88 26
8855
88 29
8845
88 15
88 24
88 36
87 56
88 27
88 21
88 17
87 51
88 03
88 08
89 06
89 13
88 54
88 49
88 45
8837
88 26
Date of
observa-
tion
1867.7
1895.5
1895. 8
1868. 5
1824. 5
1866.6
1868.4
1895
1864.7
1824,5
1863.5
1865.6
1863.5
1865.6
1863.5
1865.6
1865.6
1864.6
1863.5
1865.4
1865.5
1855.5
1855. 5
1873. 6
1855. 5
1855. 5
1868.5
1868.5
1868.5
1868.5
1868.5
1867.5
1867.5
Declina-
tion- ob-
served
E or IV
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
2 01
E
22. 7
W
1 I 49.5
W
II 30
E
10 15
E
4 21
E
6 48
E
3 00
E
4 55
E
756
E
4 37
E
7 43
E
3 41
E
; 6 41
E
1 4 03
E
7 41
E
3 55
E
5 II
E
4 33
E
4 53
E
, 7 37
E
6 12
E
6 46
E
4 03.3
.E
5 20
E
2 40
E
4 56
E
6 36
E
4 3«
E
4 16
E
6 30
E
5 08
E
6 28
E
E or jr
o /
1 00 w
56W
2 20 w
8 41 E
6 00 E
1 15 E
4 00 E
2 25E
I 51 E
3 41 E
1 29 E
4 43 E
o 33E
3 41 E
o 55E
4 41 E
55E
2 07 E
1 25 E
1 52 E
4 37E
2 36E
3 10 E
I 37 E
1 44 E
56 W
2 07 E
3 47E
1 41 E
1 27 E
3 41 E
2 16 E
336E
O. B. Wheeler
T. Russell
Do.
J. E. Griffith
H. W. Bayfield
A. Molitor
J. E. Griffith
County surveyor
H. Gillnian
H. W. Bayfield
J. U. Mueller
H. Gillnian
J. U. Mueller
H. Gillman
J. U. Mueller
H. Gillman
A. Molitor
H. Gillman
J. U. Mueller
A. Molitor
H. Gillman
W. F. Raynolds
Do.
A. N. Lee
W. F. Raynolds
J. U. Mueller
B. D. Greene
A. C. Lamson
B. D. Greene
Do.
J. C. Mallery
A. C. Lamson
B. D. Greene
MINNESOTA
Group I
/
/
Heron Lake
43 49
95 18
Mantorville
44 05
92 46
Mankato
44 II
93 59
Watopa
44 14
92 02
Lake Benton
44 17
96 18
Lake Citv
44 23
92 08
Buck Hill
44 43
93 17
Marcotta
44 49
93 03
Granite Falls
44 50
95 33
Fort Snelling
44 54
93 II
Wallace
44 54
93 05
Woodbury
44 55
92 57
Hopkins
44 55
93 27
St. Paul
44 58
93 05
1900.79
1900.81
1900.80
1893.6
1900.79
1893. 66
1893. 47
1893.47
1900.78
1880. 74
1893.48
1893. 47
1893. 45
1891.63
East
o /
8 58.2
6 23.1
8 59.5
7 14. 1
9 15.9
7 02.2
8 17.2
8 33.7
8 56.2
10 13.7
10 II. o
8 30.4
8 12.3
9 21.4
East
o /
853
6 18
8 54
6 36
10
25
39
56
9
6
7
7
851
8 37
9 33
7 52
7 34
835
J. W. Miller
Do.
Do.
W. R. Hoag
J. W. Miller
W. R. Hoag
Do.
Do.
J. W. Miller
J. B. Baylor
W. R. Hoag
Do.
Do.
J. B. Baylor
27478 — 02 1 2
178
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Tfible of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January i, igo2 — Continued.
MINNESOTA— Continued
Station
Group /—Continued
Prospect Park
Ramsey
Minneapolis, Univ. grounds
St. Paul, Snellingave. N. B.
Mound View
Benson
St. Cloud
Alexandria
Breckenridge
Brainerd
Wadena
Duluth
Detroit City
Glyndon
Walker
Crookston
Group II
Rock County
Nobles County
Jackson County
Martin County
Welcome
Faribault County
Freeborn County
Mower County
Houston County
Fillmore County
Fountain
Windom
Cottonwood County
St. James
Watonwan County
Pipestone County
Murray County
Blue Earth County
Waseca County
Steele County
Dodge County
Olmsted County
Winona County
Watonwan County
Do.
Wabasha County
Wabasha
Brown County
New Ulni
Nicollet County
Lesueur County
Rice County
Goodhue County
Redwood County
Lyon County
Lincoln County
Lati-
tude
Long
tude
1-
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
East
/
/
/
/
44 58
93 13
1893. 43
8 58.9
8 21
W. R. Hoag
44 59
93 00
1893. 46
10 00. 1
9 22
Do.
44 59
93 14
1891.59
9 04.9
8 18
G. R. Putnam
45 00
93 10
1900.82
8 41.4
8 36
J. W. Miller
45 06
93 10
1893. 46
9 07.5
8 30
W. R. Hoag
45 20
95 36
1900.70
9 2J.3
9 08.4
9 18
J. W. Miller
45 35
94 II
1900.75
9 03
Do.
45 55
95 24
1900.77
10 37. 7
10 32
Do.
46 17
96 35
1900.70
12 01.7
II 56
Do.
46 21
94 13
1900.74
7 44.4
738
Do.
46 28
95 09
1900.73
9 25.7
9 20
Do.
46 46
92 04
1891.65
12 46.9
II 58
J. B. Baylor
46 50
95 52
1900.72
10 20. 2
10 14
J. W. Miller
46 52
96 35
1900.71
10 04.5
958
Do.
47 07
94 36
1900.74
9 50.7
9 44
Do.
47 49
96 37
1900.71
10 52. 2
10 46
Do.
• •
• • «
1866
II 21
9 03
Mean, 6 stations
• • •
• • •
1868
II II
8 59
Mean, 9 stations
• • •
• •
1858
II 41
9 05
Do.
1 ....
• •
1855
10 30
7 49
Mean, S stations
43 41
94 35
1894
8 50
8 16
County surveyor
. . • .
• • •
1854
12 27
9 44
Mean, 9 stations
1 ....
. .
1854
9 55
7 12
Mean, 11 stations
1
1 ....
• • • •
1853
8 30
5 46
Mean, 10 stations
1 • * • •
• • •
1854
7 54
5 II
Mean, 8 stations
• • t •
• • • •
1853
9 43
6 59
Mean, 12 stations
43 44
92 08
1895
7 10
6 41
County surveyor
43 52
, 95 04
1896
9 22
857
Do.
• • «
• • • •
1859
II 32
857
Mean, 7 stations
43 59
94 37
1894
9 25
851
Otto Klose
. . . .
• • •
1856
10 26
7 46
Mean, 5 stations
1869
II 56
9 47
Mean, 4 stations
1864
II 40
9 18
Mean, 6 stations
1854
II 12
8 29
Do.
•
1854
II 32
8 49
Do.
1854
9 18
635
Mean, 4 stations
1
• • •
1854
835
5 52
Do.
1854
9 21
6 38
Mean, 7 stations
. . .
1854
8 25
5 42
Mean, 6 stations
; 44 02
94 40
1901. 2
9 12
9 08
Otto Klose
44 03
94 26
1900.8
8 25
8 20
I>o.
1 ....
• •
1855
9 41
7 00
Mean, 6 stations
44 18
92 02
1876.6
8 04.3
6 19
T. N. Bailey
• • •
« • •
1858
10 22
7 46
Mean, 3 stations
44 19
94 26
1895
8 27
758
County surveyor
• • •
• • • •
1S54
II 03
8 20
Mean, 6 stations
• •
• •
1854
II 47
9 04
Mean, 3 stations
•
• • • •
1854
9 25
6 42
Mean, 5 stations
* • •
• • • •
1855
9 04
6 23
Mean, 10 stations
. . . .
• • •
1861
10 31
8 01
Mean, S .stations
• • • •
• « •
1863
12 00
9 35
Mean, 6 stations
•
• •
*
1871
12 08
I 10 05
Do. .
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
179
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, igo2 — Continued.
MINNESOTA— ConUnued
Station
Group //—Continued
Henderson
Sibley County
Red Wing
Scott County
Renville County
Yellow Medicine County
Dakota County
Mcl/eod County
Carver County, average
Kandiyohi County
Washington County
Ramsey County
Hennepin County
Chippewa County
Kandiyohi County
Lac qui Parle County
Bellingham
Meeker County
Kandiyohi County
Do.
Do.
Wright County
Anoka County
Swift County
Ortonville
Bigstone County
Bherburne County
Chisago County
Isanti County
Stearns County
Princeton
Pope County
Stevens County
Morris
Collegeville
Foley
Benton County
Glenwood
Traverse County
Millelacs County
Barrett
Grant County
Douglas County
Kanabec County
Morrison County
Todd County
Pine County
Wilkin County
Cass County, south
Henning
Ottertail County
Wadena County
Carlton County
Aitkin County
Crow W^ing County
Lati- ' Longi-
tude ' tude
o /
44 32
• • «
44 34
o /
93 56
44 53 94 49
45 04
* • »
45 08
45 10
45 15
45 18 96 24
45 33
45 36
45 36
45 39
• • >
45 40
45 55
46 19
• •
92 32
95 06
96 15
94 59
95 10
93 33
• •
95 54
94 19
93 53
• • •
95 21
95 52
95 23
Date of
observa-
tion
855.5
853
895
854
858
866
853
856
899
894.8
847
847
854
862
900. I
868
901. 1
856
857
900. 6
894.8
856
852
865
895
869
854
851
856
857
858.6
860
867
885
901. 2
895
853
890
870
857
900.9
866
861
855
855
859
859
867
868
896
868
867
868
869
861
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
II 30
10 37
6 15
11 08
II 19
II 32
9 29
II 33
9 33
8 38
9 03
I 00
I 04
1 33
8 44
2 08
9 45
I 21
16
8 06
9 08
1 29
I 37
I 34
o 50
3 00
o 08
2 03
I 40
o 57
o 13
05
26
46
58
10
46
58
14
31
10
36
50
27
53
14
06
3 09
o 30
05
1 58
1 12
9 54
o 05
2 16
I
I
o
7
9
o
I
2
o
o
2
2
I
O
I
2
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
849
7 53
5 46
825
843
9 15
6 45
853
9 19
8 06
6 II
8 08
8 21
9 05
835
9 56
9 41
8 41
7 38
8 00
8 36
849
851
9 14
10 21
10 51
7 25
9
9
15
00
8 19
7 37
8 32
9 II
9 34
7 54
8 41
8 02
II 06
10 08
7 53
10 05
10 19
10 20
8 46
8 12
8 39
9 31
10 54
8 18
9 40
938
8 49
7 34
7 48
9 36
Observer or
authority
J. S. Allanson
Mean, 11 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 6 stations
Do.
County surveyors
B. F. Jenness
I station
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 5 stations
B. F. Jenness
Mean, 6 stations
George Michel
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 6 stations
B. F. Jenness
Do.
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 1 1 stations
Mean, 7 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 6 stations
Do.
Mean, 14 stations
Do.
O. E. Garrison
Mean, 4 stations
Do.
County surveyor
A. prtman
County surveyor
Mean, 12 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 17 stations
C. G. Gustafzan
iVfean, 5 stations
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 24 stations
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 21 stations
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 15 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 16 stations
Mean, 42 stations
Mean, 18 stations
i8o
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most rece7it mag7ietic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
terfitories reduced to January /, IQ02 — Continued.
MINNESOTA— Continued
Station
Group II — Continued
Fond du Lac
Spirit Lake
Minnesota Point, nearS.Base
St. Louis Bay
Minnesota Point, S. Base
Sabin
Clay County
Lester River
Becker County
Knife River
Hubbard County
St. Louis County, southeast
St. Louis County, southwest
Ada
Norman County
Itasca County, southeast
Cass County, north
Point on shore
Itasca County, southwest
Lake County
Beltrami County, south
Terrace Point
Brul€ River
Cook County
Polk County
Grand Portage Island
North shore Lake Superior
Pigeon Point
St. Louis County, northeast
St. Louis County, northwest
Warren
Marshall County
Itasca County, northeast
Itasca County, northwest
Marshall County, east
Marshall County, west
Island in Rainy Lake
Hallock
Kittson County
Roseau County
Beltrami County, north
Lake of the Woods
Northwest Boundarj'
Do.
Do.
Lake of the Woods,Buf 'lo Pt.
Northwest Boundary'
Do.
Do.
Lati-
tude
46 39
46 41
46 43
46 43
46 44
46 48
46 50
46 57
47 19
47 33
47 43
47 48
47 57
47 58
48 00
• • •
Longi-
tude
92
91 46
• • • •
96 30
90 50
90 26
90 03
89 39
90 00
89 30
48 12 I 96 47
48 35
92 30
48 45
• •
96 46
• •
• • • •
49 00
• • «
« • •
94 00
49 00
94 45
49 00
94 55
49 00
95 00
49 00
95 15
49 00
96 10
49 00
96 25
49 00
9630
92 15
92 II
92 02
92 10
92 03
9638
00 I
I
Date of
obser\'a-
tion.
861.7
861.6
861.5
861.6
870.8
901. 1
869
861.5
872
861.6
875
871
876
898.7
874
875
872
824.5
875
882
889
868.6
868.6
881
877
868.6
823.5
868.5
884
886
898.7
900
887
887
881
872
823.5
898.7
874
886
892
823.5
874.
874.
874.
874
874
874
874
Declina-
tion ob-
1
1
served
East
/
9 42
9 46
10
12
II
9
44
46
lu
30
12
50
7
39
12
«3
12
45
II
31
9 «5
9
II
14
08
12
49
9 40
10
40
10
30
10
8
45
34
10
8
45
12
9
7
12
5
6
9
8
8
II
II
8
9
30
50
II
50
21
30
09
26
26
30
47
41
12 09
13 50
8 15
II
13
II
9
37
16
43
47
II oi
10 55
11 05
11 12
n 30
12 00
12 25
i; 10
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
o /
7 03
7 07
7 32
9 OS
7 33
10 26
i« 33
5 00
9 56
10 05
9 35
6 54
7 21
10 52
10 49
7 44
8 33
6 58
8 49
7
9
5
7
6
10 22
3 24
03
46
46
04
15
3
7
6
7
II
00
04
48
14
10
II 23
7 39
833
10 35
11 43
5 10
II 21
II 20
10 31
9 02
8 II
8 54
9 04
9 II
9 29
9 59
10 24
11 09
W. H. Hearding
Do.
Do.
Do.
K. S. Wheeler
C. P. Jones, jr.
Mean, 8 stations
H. C. Pennv
Mean, 11 stations
H. C. Penny
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 24 stations
Mean, 30 stations
G. T. Hawkins,
Mean, 14 stations
Mean, 43 stations
Mean, 11 stations
H. W. Bayfield
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 27 stations
Mean, 48 stations
H. Giliman
W. E. Rogers
Mean, 24 stations
Mean, 31 stations
W. E. Rogers
S. H. Long
W. E. Rogers
Mean, 18 stations
Mean, 29 stations
G. T. Hawkins
J. K. Wood
Mean, 18 stations
Mean, 14 stations
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 7 stations
S. H. Long
G. T. Hawkins
Mean, 11 stations
Mean, 19 stations
Mean, 23 stations
S. H. Long
W.J. Twining
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
l8l
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed i7i the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January z, igo2 — Continued
MISSISSIPPI
Station
Group I
Shieldsboro
East Pascagoula
Mississippi City
Poplar ville
Natchez
Brookhaven
EUisville .
Jackson
Vicksburg
Forest
Meridian
Yazoo City
Greenville
Winona
West Point
Tupelo
Oxford
Holly Springs
Group II
Ship Island
Cat Island
Pascagoula
Long Beach
Hancock County
Harrison County
Jackson County
Pearl River County
Liberty
Amite County
Wilkinson County
Greene County
Perr^" County
Manon County
Pike County
Do.
McComb
Franklin County
Roxie
Lincoln County
Adams County
Natchez
Lawrence County
Covington County
Jones County
Wayne County
Jefferson County
Simpson County
ClaiDorne County
Do.
Smith County
Jasper County
Clarke County
Kings Point
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tuoe
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
East
o /
/
/
/
30 18
89 19
1896.14
5 12. 1
4 52
J. B. Baylor
30 21
88 33
1855. 07
7 08.9
4 49
J. E. Hilgard
30 23
89 02
1896.12
4 570
4 36
J. B. Baylor
30 50
89 30
1896.12
5 20.9
5 00
Do.
31 34
91 24
1890.33
6 29.8
5 49
Do.
31 35
90 27
1901.24
5 32.5
5 30
W. Weinrich
31 37
89 12
1901.27
4 54.4
4 52
Do.
32 20
90 II
1901. 23
5 57.0
5 54
Do.
32 21
90 53
1890.34
6 21.0
5 40
J. B. Baylor
32 22
89 28
1901.25
5 25.6
5 23
W. Weinrich
32 23
88 44
1901.26
4 44.6
4 42
Do.
32 51
90 21
1901.22
5 27.6
5 25
Do.
33 25
91 04
1890.36
6 18.0
5 37
J. B. Baylor
33 30
8943
1901.21
5 08.7
506
W. Weinrich
33 36
8839
1901.20
4 42.3
4 40
Do.
34 16
8843
1901. 18
4 27.4
4 24
Do.
34 22
8932
1901. 18
531.8
5 29
Do.
34 47
89 26
1901. 16
5 30.6
5 28
Do.
30 13
88 58
1841.5
7 35
4 56
L. M. Powell
30 15
89 06
1847.5
7 12
4 39
Bamett
30 21
8833
1875. 4
6 19.5
4 50
J. M. Poole
30 22
89 04
1895
4 52
4 29
County surveyor
• •
• •
1841
7 20
4 41
Mean, 8 stations
• • • •
• • •
1842
7 24
4 46
Mean, 5 stations
* m »
• • • •
1845
7 25
4 50
Mean, 8 stations
• « • •
• • a
1893
5 20
4 50
County surveyor
31 09
90 44
1895
6 30
6 07
Do.
• • •
• • •
1843
8 07
5 30
Mean, 19 stations
> •
> • •
1848
8 07
5 35
Mean, 16 stations
• • • •
• «
1817
8 00
5 22
Mean, 15 stations
• •
• • • «
, 1813
8 00
5 26
Mean, 34 stations
• .
• • a •
1827
8 07
6 22
Mean, 39 stations
. . - -
• • a •
1810
844
6 14
Mean, 20 stations
31 13
90 19
1900.2
5 55
5 49
J. T. Burke
31 ^5
90 22
1901
6 00
558
I. A. Quin
• • •
•
1848
8 56
6 24
Mean, 16 stations
31 30
91 00
1900.7
6 00
5 55
R. A.Rhodes
1810
8 45
6 15
Mean, 14 stations
1846
8 10
5 36
Mean, 6 stations
31 34
91 24
1901
6 15
613
S. M. Dalgom
1810
8 29
5 59
Mean, 19 stations
1 841
8 20
5 41
Do.
1895
5 00
4 37
County surveyor
. . . .
1817
8 05
5 27
Mean, 6 stations -
1848
8 10
5 38
Mean, 9 stations
1896
5 18
4 59
County surveyor
1846
823
5 49
Mean, 6 stations
32 02
90 45
1899.8
5 40
5 32
F. A. Polsley
. . . .
• . • .
1832
758
5 13
Mean, 19 stations
1832
7 50
5 05
Mean, 20 stations
1833
7 48
5 04
Do.
32 20
90 56
1877?
7 20
5 56 '
Chart
l82
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinatiojis observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued
MISSISSIPPI— Continued
otation
Group //—Continued.
Vicksburg
Warren County
Lauderdale County
Scott County
Near boundary of Rankin
and Scott counties
Newton County
Decatur
Madison County
Leake County
Neshoba County
Kemper County
Scooba
Yazoo County
Couparle
Madison-Leake counties
Sharkey County
Coopwood
Kosciusko
Attala County
Holmes Counly
Louisville
Winston County
Noxubee County
Macon
Choctaw County
Oktibbeha County
Carroll County
Montgomery County
Lowndes County
Leflore County
Clay County
Webster County
Sunflower County
Grenada County
Grenada
Bolivar County
Chickasaw County
Monroe County
Wren
Calhoun County
Tallahatchie County
Yalobusha County
Coahoma County
Pontotoc County
Itawamba County
Lee County
Quitman County
Panola County
Lafayette County
Union County
Tate County
Tunica County
Prentiss County
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
/
32 21
• *
a « • •
/
90 53
• •
• • • •
• • •
32 24
32 26
32 50
• • •
32 53
•
• • • •
32 59
33 04
33 08
33 08
33 47
33 58
89 48
• • •
89 01
• « •
• • •
• • •
88 30
* • •
89 45
8855
89 30
8857
88 38
89 50
88 36
Date of
observa-
tion
900.5
847
833
832
892.2
831
895
832
834
833
834
833.5
837
901
901
837
901.6
900
833
833
901
833
833
833.5
832
832
832
833
834
833
835
836
836
833
872.2
833
834
836
883.7
835
835
834
836
834
835
834
842
836
834
834
835
836
835
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
/
556
823
7 35
8 00
6 16.6
7 43
5 12
8 14
8 13
7 57
7 06
655
8 00
6 01
5 31
8 00
4 59
5 15
8 00
756
5 12
7 42
7 27
7 30
756
7 25
7 57
8 06
738
8 02
7 46
7 52
8 II
7 49
6 25. 1
8 15
7 18
7 29
4 45
7 45
8 00
8 07
8 12
7 13
7 12
7 20
8 06
7 52
7 43
7 20
8 17
8 07
7 28
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
5
5
4
5
5
4
4
5
5
5
4
4
5
5
5
5
4
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
5
4
5
5
4
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
4
4
3
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
5
5
51
50
51
15
42
58
49
29
29
13
22
II
18
59
29
18
58
08
16
12
10
58
43
46
II
40
12
22
52
18
03
09
28
05
46
31
34
46
42
02
17
23
29
29
29
36
28
09
4 59
4 36
5 34
5 24
4 45
Observer or
authority
W. L. Polk
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 21 stations
Mean, 19 stations
R. E. Buckley
Mean, 17 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 16 stations
Mean, 14 stations
Mean, 24 stations
I station
B. F. Cotten
Do.
Mean, 2 stations
F. M. Shields
C. C. Comfort
Mean, 22 stations
Mean, 11 stations
F . M. Shields
Mean, 17 stations
Mean, 20 stations
G. W. Campbell
Mean, 11 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 12 Nations
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 19 stations
Do.
Mean, 13 stations
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 14 stations
T. C. Hilgard
Mean, 17 stations
Mean, 14 stations
Mean, 12 stations
G. G. Tindall
Mean, 18 stations
Mean, 17 stations
Mean, 14 stations
Mean, 28 stations
Mean, 14 stations
Do.
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 11 stations
Mean, 22 stations
Do.
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 20 stations
Mean, 9 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
183
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlyhig
territories reduced to January /, igoz — Continued.
MISSISSIPPI— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Group //—Continued
/
Burtons
34 40
Tishomingo County
• • 99
Marshall County
• •
Tippah County
« • • •
Benton County
• • • •
Ashland
34 50
De Soto County
• • • •
Alcorn County
Corinth
34 56
Longi-
tude
o /
88 14
89 05
• • • •
• •
8835
Date of
obser\'a-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
serv'ed
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
East
. /
/
1900
5 30
5 25
J. E. Lacy
1835
6 46
4 03
Mean, 20 stations
1834
758
5 14
Mean, 24 stations
1834
7 28
4 44
Mean, 11 stations
1834
7 30
4 46
Mean, 14 stations
1896
4 40
4 21
County surveyor
1835
8 00
5 17
Mean, 14 stations
1835
7 18
4 35
Mean, 11 stations
1875- 4
6 21.6
4 52
F. E. Hilgard
MISSOURI
Group I
Cape Girardeau
Ironton
Wittenberg
Potosi
Versailles, North Base
St. Louis
Harrisonville
Sedalia
Hermann
Kansas City
Macon
Chillicothe
Palmyra
Lancaster
Group II
Pemiscot County
Gatewood
Cedar Creek
Doniphan
McDonald County
Public Survey Station
Barry County
Poplar Bluffs
Cape Pair
Stone County
Mississippi County
Public Survey Station
Stoddard County
Newton County
Charleston .
Howell County
Public Survey Station
Do.
Piedmont
Shannon County
37 18
37 37
37 39
37 56
38 30
3838
38 39
3843
3843
39 06
39 45
39 47
39 48
40 31
36 32
36 37
3638
• • •
36 40
36 44
36 45
36 49
36 50
36 50
3656
3656
37 00
37 00
37 08
1
East
East
/
/
/
8933
1865. 21
635
4 23
A. T. Mosman
1890.87
2 12.5
I 29
C. H. Sinclair
89 33
1865. 26
647
4 35
A. T. Mosman
90 47
1890.89
6 06
5 22
C. H. Sinclair
92 48
1897.41
635
6 17
A. L. Baldwin
90 16
1900.92
5 04.4
5 00
W. F. Wallis
94 18
1900.89
7 42.6
738
Do.
93 14
1900.89
7 35-3
7 31
Do.
91 25
1900.91
6 26. I
6 22
Do.
94 33
1900.83
8 58.2
854
Do.
92 27
1900.81
6 59.0
6 54
Do.
93 33
1900.82
7 01.9
657
Do.
91 32
1900.80
6 21.9
6 17
Do.
92 31
1900.79
7 28.0
7 23
Do.
• • •
1895
5 17
4 51
W. W. Tensley
91 03
1880.5
7 II. 8
5 51
F. E. Nipher
92 59
1895
6 10
5 44
H. W. Strahan
90 47
• • •
1894
1823
5 30
10 36
5 01
8 30
Countv surveyor
Boundary survey
90 02
1825. 5
8 00
5 17
Public surveyor
• • • •
1823
9 40
7 34
Boundary survey
90 22
1880.5
6 44.7
5 24
F. E. Nipher
93 30
1895
5 30
5 04
County surveyor
93 29
1901
5 47
5 44
D. S. McCuUough
89 10
1900.5
4 22
4 16
F. H. Wright
90 02
1823. 5
7 30
4 40
Public sur\'eyor
* • •
1895
5 00
4 34
Countv surveyor
Boundary survey
• • • •
1823
10 30
8 24
89 19
1880.5
5 43.2
4 22
F. E. Nipher
91 55
1880.6
7 31.3
6 II
Do.
90 02
1823.5
8 00
5 10
Public surveyor
90 12
1823. 5
8 00
5 10
Do.
90 41
1880.5
7 22.8
6 02
F. E. Nipher
• * • •
1895
5 15
4 49
T. J. Rowlett
1 84
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January i, 1^02 — Continued.
MISSOURI—Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/•
East
/
East
/
Jas^r County
• • •
• •
1823
10 30
8 24
Boundary survey
Spnngfield
37 16
93 15
1879. 7
835.8
7 16
F. E. Nipher
Hart^lle
37 16
92 27
1895
7 30
7 04
County surveyor
Wright County
• • • •
• «
1901.0
5 10
506
W. C. Mings
Houston
37 19
91 55
1880.6
7 34.9
6 14
F. E. Nipher
Lutesville
37 20
89 59
1880.5
6 13-9
4 53
Do.
Madison County
• • • •
•
1901
4 30
4 27
C. Graham
Greenfield
37 25
93 51
1901.2
5 44
5 41
B. F. Thomas
Reynolds County
Public Survey Station
• • • •
• • •
1901
4 30
4 27
H. L. Sutterfield
37 30
90 02
1827.5
7 30
4 45
Public surveyor
Barton County
•
• • • •
1823
10 15
8 09
Boundary survey
West Fork
37 31
91 07
1895
5 30
5 04
County surveyor
Farm of F. Voris
37 36
93 II
1881.6
8 08.8
6 54
F. E. Nipher
Arcadia
37 36
90 41
1880.5
6 48.7
5 27
Do.
Pilot Knob, base
37 37
90 37
1880.6
II 08.4
948
Do.
Pilot Knob, top
37 37
90 37
1880.6
3 45.4
2 24
Do.
Bolivar
37 37
93 24
1881.6
8 14.6
7 00
Do.
Buffalo
37 38
93 06
1881.6
8 07.0
6 52
Do.
Salem
37 39
91 31
1880.6
6 56.3
5 35
Do.
Lebanon
37 40
92 42
1880.6
7 46.0
625
Do.
Vernon County
37 40
94 15
1901. 1
6 48
6 44
J. M. Clack
Perry County
B •
• • •
1895
4 45
4 19
County surveyor
Perry ville
37 45
8951
1901
4 30
4 27
T. J. Killian
Vernon County
37 53
94 22
1901. 2
6 55
6 52
J. M. Clack
Decaturville
37 54
92 43
1881.6
8 56.6
7 42
F. E. Nipher
Potosi
37 56
90 47
1900.7
5 00
4 55
H. Hawkins
W^heatland
3756
93- 19
1881.6
839.5
7 25
F. E. Nipher
Rolla
37 58
91 45
1880.5
653
5 32
Emerson
Hickory County
• • •
• • • •
1901. 1
528
5 24
Eric Eklof
Schell City
38 03
94 05
1879. 6
9 02. 7
7 43
F. E. Nipher
Cuba
3804
91 21
1880.6
7 24.8
6 04
Do.
Rich Hill
38 06
94 22
1893
8 30
758
County sur\'eyor
DeSoto
38 07
90 35
1880.6
7 46.9
6 26
F. E. Nipher
Lawson Farm
.38 II
92 II
1881.6
6 53.9
536
Do.
Vienna
38 12
91 54
1881.5
7 14.9
5 57
Do.
Tuscumbia
38 12
92 27
1881.6
8 30.4
7 13
Do.
Warsaw
38 14
93 23
1881.6
8 51.2
7 36
Do.
Soap Creek
38 17
92 50
1881.6
8 20.7
7 06
Do.
Dry Fork
38 17
91 35
1881.5
7 04.7
5 47
Do.
Canaan
38 20
91 25
1895
6 15
5 49
County surveyor
Kimmswick
38 20
90 26
1880.6
6 45-5
5 24
F. E. Nipher
Lincoln
38 23
93 21
1881.6
9 18.6
8 04
Do.
Roedersville
38 24
91 10
1881.5
6 55.7
5 38
Do.
Wulfert Farm
38 24
91 16
1881.5
7 04.1
5 46
Do.
Union
38 25
90 59
1881. 5
6 35.7
5 18
Do.
Morgan County
• • •
• • •
• • • •
7 21
D. W. Eaton, meai
of 69 results
Pacific
38 28
90 44
1881.5
6 54.1
5 36
F. E. Nipher
F. Kaldeweiher's
38 28
91 41
1882.5
7 44.3
6 30
Do.
Linn
38 28
91 50
1882.5
7 36.9
6 23
Do.
Gravs Summit
38 29
90 49
1882. 5
6 54.5
5 40
Do.
Washington
3831
90 59
1881.5
6 19. 1
5 01
Do.
Windsor
38 32
93 33
1881.6
8 43.5
7 28
Do.
GoebePs Station
3834
91 06
1882.5
7 37.9
6 24
F. E. Nipher
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
185
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories redttced to January 7, ipo2 — Continued.
MISSOURI -Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Jefferson City
22 M . west 01 Jefferson City
Newport
Ktrkwood
Fred Bruhn's
Ten-Mile House
Centertown
California
Cass County
Near Cla3rton
St. Charles rock road
E. Ruck's
G. Zimmerman's
Marion
Pattonsville
Holden
Dardenne
Healds
Little Auxvasse Creek
Opposite St. Charles
Warrenton, west of town
Florissant
O' Fallon
Wright City
St. Charles
Prairie Home
Providence
Johnson's Farm
Swope's
Danville
Sweet Springs
Columbia
Loomis Farm
Franklin
McCredie
Stephen's Store
Troy
Montgomery
Hemdon
Clark's Farm
Arrow Rock
Independence
Marshal]
Lafayette County
Mexico
Lexington
Parkville
Centralia
Glasgow
Carroll County
Carroll ton
Long Branch of Salt River
Do.
Cow Island
Lati- Longi-
tude i tude
Date of
observa-
tion
12
12
38 35
38 35
3836
3836
38 37
3838
3838
38 39
•
3841
3841
38 41
3841
3842
3842
3843
3843
3843
3843
38 44
38 46
3847
3847
38 47
38 48
38 48
38 49
38 51
38 52
38 55
38 55
3856
38 57
38 57
3858
3858
3858
39 00
39 00
39 02
39 06
39 06
39 08
39 09
39 II
39
39
39 13
39 13
39 21
39 22
39 24
39 25 1
92 09
92 30
91 06
90 24
91 29
90 23
92 25
92 34
• •
90 19
90 21
91 20
93 34
92 22
90 29
94 03
90 42
90 40
92 01
90 31
91 09
90 17
90 43
91 00
90 30
92 39
92 25
92 40
93 35
91 32
93 29
92 19
91 47
92 45
91 55
92 05
91 00
91 30
93 16
92 55
93 00
94 25
93 II
93 54
91 52
93 53
94 41
92 08
92 50
• • • •
93 30
91 59
92 10
94 00
881.6
868. 6
882.5
882.5
882.5
881.5
881.6
881.6
823
881.5
882.6
882.5
881.6
881.6
881.7
879.6
881.7
882.6
882.5
881.7
882.6
881.7
880.8
878.5
895
881.6
881.7
881.6
881.6
881.7
881.6
880.1
881.7
819.5
881.7
882.5
895
882.6
881.6
881.6
881.6
894.6
881.6
900.7
878.5
896
901.3
882.5
879.6
898
879.6
882.6
882.5
819.6
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Efist
o /
8 27.2
847
6 59.0
24.5
52.4
47.5
37.9
44.0
10 00
6 03.7
08.3
51. 1
15.2
39.3
53-9
56.0
32.6
46.4
55.4
19.4
33.8
35.0
45.4
8 13.6
4 57
37.7
38.8
28.9
8 37.2
7 47.7
24.0
33.8
46.4
11 42
7 50.6
36.7
00
07. 1
855.2
7 54.1
7 54.0
7 52
8 32.4
5 28
7 38.6
7 35
8 43
7 57.1
8 21.3
8 20
8 30.0
7 59.8
8 06.5
II 32.6
6
6
6
7
7
6
7
9
7
5
8
6
6
7
7
6
6
6
7
7
7
9
7
7
7
5
7
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
5 /
7
6
5
5
5
5
6
6
7
4
4
6
7
6
4
7
5
5
6
6
10
47
45
10
38
30
20
27
54
46
54
37
58
22
37
36
16
33
41
02
5
5
5
6
4
6
6
6
7
6
20
18
25
46
31
20
22
12
22
31
8 09
6 II
6 29
9 05
34
6
6
4
5
7
6
6
7
7
5
6
23
34
53
40
39
39
25
17
23
II
7 14
8 40
6 43
657
8 06
7 06
6 46
6 52
8 50
Observer or
authority
F. E. Nipher
G. B. Nicholson
F. E. Nipher
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Boundary survey
F. E. Nipher
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
County surveyor
F. E. Nipher
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
S.H.Long
F. E. Nipher
Do.
County surveyor
F. E. Nipher
Do.
Do.
Do.
F. A. Jones
F. E. Nipher
B. D. Weedin
F. E. Nipher
County surv'eyor
A. M. Matloon
F. E. Nipher
Do.
S. A. Ballard
F. E. Nipher
Do.
Do.
S. H. Long
i86
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January i, ipo2 — Continued.
M ISSOURI— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declinai
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Moberly
39 26
92 26
1882.5
7 39-6
6 26
F. E. Nipher
Louisiana
39 28
91 03
1878. 6
7 07.2
5 39
Do.
Winkler's
39 35
92 00
1882.6
7 44.5
631
Do.
Wolford's
39 38
93 45
1882.6
8 40.0
7 30
Do.
Smith's
39 39
94 II
1882.6
9 36.5
8 i6
Do.
Kingston
Shelb^lle» 3 miles south
39 41
94 04
1882.6
9 13.3
8 03
Do.
39 44
92 04
1882.6
7 47.0
633
Do.
Hannibal
39 44
91 24
1878.6
7 08.3
5 40
Do.
St. Joseph
39 45
94 50
1895
839
8 14
County surveyor
Stewartsville
39 46
94 29
1896
7 47
7 26
Do.
Buchanan County
39 47
94 51
7 48
7 32
T. Steinacker
I mile west of I^clede
39 47
93 17
1882.5
8 10.7
7 00
F. E. Nipher
Maysville
39 48
94 24
1882.6
9 18.3
8 08
Do.
Shelbyville
39 48
92 01
1894
6 20
5 51
County surveyor
Palmyra
39 48
91 29
1901.0
6 21
6 17
C. S. Wright
Isaac Lewis's
39 48
92 37
1882.5
7 58.7
6 45
F. E. Nipher
Linneus
39 51
93 13
1882.5
7 55.9
6 46
Do.
Harris
39 53
92 22
1882.6
7 36.9
6 23
Do.
Yellow Creek, west branch-
39 54
93 07
1882.5
8 16. 1
7 05
Do.
Savannah
39 56
94 49
1895
8 42
8 17
County surveyor
Mercyville
39 57
92 42
1882.5
8 17.0
7 05
F. E. Nipher
La Plata
40 00
92 29
1882.6
8 09.2
6 56
Do.
Johnson's
40 01
94 23
1882.6
9 33.2
823
Do.
Trenton
40 03
93 39
1882.6
8 03.9
653
Do.
Michael's
40 04
93 53
1882.6
846.3
7 35
Do.
Grundy County
40 05
93 30
1901.2
7 31
7 28
L. H. Spencer
Honan's
40 08
93 56
1882.6
8 48.0
7 37
F. E. Nipher
Canton
40 09
91 31
1878.6
7 19-5
5 52
Do.
Shicklerville
40 09
92 53
1882.6
8 52.0
7 40
Do.
Kirks ville
40 12
92 37
1882.6
8 16.5
7 04
Do.
Milan
40 13
93 06
1895
7 35
7 10
Charles Reeves
Amick's
40 13
93 38
1882.6
8 14.0
7 03
F. E. Nipher
Albany
40 15
94 21
1882.6
8 26.0
7 16
Do.
Bethany
40 16
94 03
1882.6
843.5
7 34
Do.
Sec. 15, T. 63 N., R. 30 W.
40 16
94 17
1882.6
833.2
7 23
Do.
Banke's
40 19
93 07
1882. 6
837.8
7 27
Do.
Maryville
40 21
94 51
1879. 6
II 13.9
9 54
Do.
Princeton
40 24
93 39
1882.6
847.4
7 36
Do.
Rockport
40 25
95 28
1896
10 35
10 14
County surveyor
Clark County
• • • •
• • • •
1895
6 05
5 39
0. F. Ensign
Memphis
40 27
92 13
1878. 6
7 47.7
5 20
F. E. Nipher
Williams's
40 27
93 21
1882.6
8 38.8
7 28
Do.
Ward's
40 27
93 10
1882.6
8 29.1
7 18
Do.
Unionville
40 29
93 03
1882.6
8 00.7
6 50
Do.
Schuyler County
40 32
92 30
1901.0
7 40
7 36
J. H. Davis
MONTANA
Group I
Fort Ellis
Bozeman
Billings
/
/
45 40
45 40
45 47
no 58
III 02
108 30
1882.66
1896.46
1896.45
East
o /
19 35.0
18 39.6
17 29.0
East
o /
18 58
18 28
17 12
B. A. Colonna
R. L. Fans
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
187
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlyiiig
territories reduced to January i, 1^02 — Continued.
MONTANA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group /—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Forsyth
46 15
106 39
1896.44
17 46.4
17 31
R. L. Paris
Townsend
46 19
III 31
1896.48
19 32.0
19 23
Do.
Miles City
46 24
105 53
1896.44
16 53. 3
1638
Do.
Helena
46 37
112 02
1896.48
19 13.8
19 05
Do.
Glendive
47 06
104 43
1896.43
16 43.9
16 29
Do.
Cascade
47 16
III 42
1896. 49
19 29.8
19 21
Do.
Fort Benton
47 49
no 40
1896.50
20 35. 3
20 23
Do.
Glasgow
48 12
io6 37
1896.51
18. 58. 6
18 44
Do.
Havre
48 34
K^ 37
1896.51
20 19.2
20 07
Do.
Wigwam Creek
49 00
114 45
1901.68
23 19.9
23 20
0. B. French
Tobacco Plains
49 00
115 03
1901-63
23 40. 2
23 40
C. H. Sinclair
Kootenay River, east
49 «>
115 10
1901.76
23 38.9
23 39
0. B. French
Group II
Beaverhead County, south
• • •
• •
1882
19 36
1907
I station
Gallatin County, south
• •
• • •
.1872
19 10
1839
Do.
Park County, south
• a •
• • • •
1882
19 00
18 23
Do.
Head of Gallatin
45 15
III 00
1872. 7
19 09
18 38
F. V. Hayden
Madison River
45 16
III 41
1860.5
19 00
18 38
W, F. Raynolds
Virginia
Madison County, north
45 19
III 56
1895
19 15
19 03
County surveyor
• a •
• • •
187 1
iq 25
18 54
Hayden
Crow Indian Reservation
• > •
• •
1882
18 48
18 04
Mean, 6 stations
Beaverhead County, north
• • • •
•
1868
20 30
20 00
I station
Bozeman, near
45 40
III 02
1898
19 00
1853
C. M. Thorpe
Powder River
45 47
105 03
1859. 5
16 54
15 56
W. F. Raynolds
Mean, '^ stations
45 50
114 40
1867
19 45
19 16
L. F. Carter
Gallatin County, north
« • « •
•
1872
19 20
18 49
Mean, 8 stations
Near Three Forks
45 52
III 22
i860 5
20 29
20 07
W. F. Raynolds
Silver Bow County
• • «
•
• •
1868
20 10
19 40
I station
Yellowstone River
45 56
108 22
1860.5
17 56
17 16
W. F. Raynolds
Rosebud River
46 03
106 23
1859. 5
17 50
16 52
Do.
Ravalli County!
• •
• > • •
1893
20 20
20 04
Mean, 10 stations
Yellowstone County, NW.
• • •
• • • •
1883
19 13
1838
Mean, 6 stations
Fort Sarpy
46 18
107 04
1859. 5
18 00
17 02
W. F. Raynolds
Phillipsburg
46 18
113 17
1895
20 30
20 18
County surveyor
Yellowstone County, NE.
* • •
1881
19 23
18 45
Mean, 3 stations
Custer County
•
105-106
1884
18 00
17 19
Mean, 5 stations
Custer County, west
• «
1881
18 40
17 54
I station
Fort Owen
46 31
113 58
1853.5
19 25
19 15
1. 1. Stevens
Meagher County, west
• • • •
1875
20 00
19 18
Mean, 8 stations
Fergus County, southeast
• • •
1882
19 42
19 05
Mean, 6 stations
Fergus County, southwest
• • a •
1882
18 30
17 53
I station
Hell Gate
46 52
"3 59
1860.5
21 00
20 38
J. Mullan
Lewis and Clarke County
• • •
1873
20 43
20 12
Mean, 5 stations
Deerlodge County
a • •
1881
20 24
19 54
Mean, 6 stations
Missoula County, east
• • • •
1882
22 00
21 31
Mean, 13 stations
Dawson County, southeast
• « • •
1882
17 45
17 01
Mean, 5 stations
Cascade County, east
• • •
1882
20 13
19 36
Mean, 2 stations
Cascade County, west
• • • •
1880
20 30
19 51
Mean, 3 stations
Bitter Root
47 19
115 04
1860.5
20 45
20 23
J. Mullan
Missoula County, west
• a a •
i860
20 45
20 23
I station
Fergus County, northeast
a a • a
1882
19 35
18 58
Mean, 3 stations
Fergus County, northwest
• a a a
1883
19 43
19 06
Mean, 2 stations
Belt
47 23
no 56
1894
19 56
19 39
County surveyor
1 88
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of. the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, 1^2 — Continued.
MONTANA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Obser\'er or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Greatfalls
47 29
III 16
1892
20 00
19 39
County surveyor
Dawson County, northeast
• • • •
. . . .
1882
17 45
17 00
Do.
Teton County, southeast
Idaho Boundary
• • •
• • •
1892
21 10
20 52
Mean, 2 stations
48 01
116 03
1898.5
22 18
22 12
D. L. Reabum
Do.
48 06
116 03
1898.6
22 25
22 19
Do.
Do.
48 II
116 03
1S98.6
22 39
22 33
Do.
Choteau County
• • • •
IIO-III
1867
21 35
20 51
Mean, 2 stations
Idaho Boundary
48 15
116 03
1898.6
22 43
22 37
D. L. Reabum
Do.
48 19
ij6 03
1898.6
22 12
22 06
Do.
Flathead County, east
« • • •
1892
22 06
21 48
Mean, 32 stations
Valley County
107-108
1884
20 00
19 21
Mean, 8 stations
Choteau County
iii-W.
1878
22 00
21 29
Mean, 7 stations
Do.
108-109
1894
19 10
18 53
Mean, 4 stations
Do.
. . . .
109-110
1874
20 40
19 58
Mean, 2 stations
South crossing Kootenay
48 22
115 21
1861.5
22 16
21 53
R. W. Haig
Idaho Boundary
48 24
116 03
1898.7
22 23
22 17
D. L. Reaburn
Do.
48 29
116 03
1898.7
22 21
22 15
Do.
Valley County
• « a
106-107
1874
20 17
19 23
Mean, 6 stations
Flathead County, west
• • •
• • •
1893
22 20
22 04
Mean, 8 stations
Valley County
• « •
105-106
1873
19 50
18 55
Mean, 6 stations
Do.
• • •
104-105
1866
18 27
17 29
Do.
Idaho Boundary
48 34
116 03
1898.7
22 38
22 32
D. L. Reaburn
Do.
48 39
116 03
1898.7
22 45
22 39
Do.
Kootenay River
48 40
115 17
1861.5
23 24
23 01
R. W. Haig
Teton County, northeast
• • •
• • • •
1881
21 43
21 13
Mean, 5 stations
Teton County, northwest
Idaho Boundary
• • •
« • •
1874
23 25
22 54
Do.
48 43
116 03
1898.7
22 57
22 51
D. L. Reabum
Do.
48 46
116 03
1898.8
22 59
22 53
Do.
Do.
48 50
116 03
1898.8
23 02
22 56
Do.
Do.
48 54
116 03
1898.8
23 03
22 57
Do.
Do.
48 58
116 03
1898.8
23 08
23 02
Do.
Camp Kootenay, east
Northwest Boundary
48 59
115 10
1860.0
22 58
22 36
J. S. Harris
49 00
104 05
1873. 7
18 25
17 20
\V. J. Twining
Do.
49 00
104 20
1873- 7
18 50
17 47
Do.
Do.
49 00
104 30
1874.5
1830
17 28
Do.
Do.
49 00
104 45
1873- 7
18 15
17 14
Do.
Do.
49 ^
105 10
1873. 7
19 32
18 30
Do.
Do.
49 00
105 25
1873.8
19 56
18 57
Do.
Do.
49 00
105 30
1874. 5
19 50
18 51
Do.
Do.
49 00
105 33
1873. 8
19 45
18 46
Do.
Do.
49 00
105 45
1874. 5
20 15
19 17
Do.
Do.
49 00
105 55
1874. 5
19 50
18 53
Do.
Do.
49 00
106 05
1874. 5
20 20
19 23
Do.
Do.
49 00
106 28
1874.5
20 30
19 34
Do.
Do.
49 00
106 30
1874. 5
20 20
19 25
Do.
Do.
49 00
106 45
1874. 6
20 10
19 16
Do.
Do.
49 00
106 50
1874. 6
20 20
19 26
Do.
Do.
49 00
106 55
1874.6
20 00
19 06
Do.
Do.
49 00
107 10
1874. 6
20 40
19 47
Do.
Do.
49 00
107 15
1874.6
20 TO
19 17
Do.
Do.
49 00
107 30
1874. 5
20 45
19 53
Do.
Do.
49 00
107 40
1874. 6
20 50
19 58
Do.
Do.
49 00
107 50
1874. 6
2038
19 47
Do.
Do.
49 00
109 00
1874. 5
21 00
20 II
Do.
Do.
49 (^
109 40
1874. 6
20 23
19 36
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
189
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and otdlyijig
territories reduced to January I ^ /po^— Continued.
MONTANA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
/
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
ser\'ed
1
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
East
/
East
/
Northwest Boundary
49 ^
no 30
1874.5
22 00 ,
21 16
W. J. Twining
Do.
49 00
no 45
1874. 6
22 45
22 02
Do.
Do.
49 00
III 05
1874. 6
22 10
21 28
Do.
Do.
49 00
ni 28
1874. 6
22 40
21 59
Do.
Do.
49 00
III 30 ,
1874. 6
22 25
21 45
Do.
Do.
49 00
III 35
1874. 6
22 10
21 25
Do.
Do.
49 00
112 CX)
1874. 6
22 30
21 51
Do.
Do.
49 00
"2 35
1874. 6
22 30
21 53
Do.
Do.
49 00
112 55
1874. 6
22 32
21 56
Do.
Do.
49 00
113 00
1874. 6
22 50
22 14
Do.
Do.
49 00
113 05
1874. 6
23 16
22 40
Do.
Do.
49 ^
n3 20
1874. 6
23 45
23 10
Do.
NW. B. near R. M. Divide
49 0^
113 40
1874. 6
23 50
23 16
Do.
NW. B. near R. M. Divide
49 00
114 00
1874. 6
23 20
22 47
Do.
Camp Kishenehen
•
49 00
114 21
1860.0
22 58
22 36
J. S. Harris
1
NE
BRASKA.
Group /.
/
/
East
/
Easl
/
Superior
40 02
98 02
1900.62
10 17.6
10 12
\V. C. Bauer
Lincoln
40 49
96 42
1900.66
10 07. 6
10 02
J.W.Miller
York
40 52
97 34
1900. 61
10 22. 6
10 17
W. C. Bauer
Chappell
Ogalalla
41 06
102 28
1900. 81
13 44.7
13 40
\V. M. Brown
41 08
loi 43
1900. 81
13 36. 4
13 32
Do.
Sidney
41 09
103 00
1900.81
13 38. 3
13 34
Do.
St. Paul
41 12
98 27
1900. 62
II 24.6
II 19
W. C. Bauer
Kimball
41 14
103 38
1900.82
13 44- 8
13 41
W. M. Brown
Omaha
41 16
95 58
1900.65
9 27.8
9 22
Brown and Wallis
Broken Bow
41 23
99 36
1900. 70
II 54.8
II 50
W. M. Brown
Schuyler
Gandy
41 26
97 04
1900. 61
10 42. 2
10 37
Do.
41 28
100 27
1900. 72
12 12.8
12 08
Do.
Hartman
41 29
102 21
1900. 80
13 28. 6
13 24
Do.
Tryon
41 34
100 58
1900. 72
13 14.8
13 10
Do.
Harrisburg
41 34
103 45
1900.79
14 22. I
14 18
Do.
Sections 10-11, T. 19, R. 37
41 38
loi 32
1900.73
12 44. 6
12 40
Do.
Bridgeport
41 40
103 05
1900. 79
13 22.3
13 18
Do.
Albion
41 41
97 59
1900.61
n 01. 7
10 56
Do.
Burwell
41 46
99 12
1900.66
II 52.5
II 48
Do.
Gering
41 49
103 40
1900. 78
14 20. 5
14 16
Do.
Bartlett
41 52
9833
1900.65
II 17.5
n 12
Do.
Brewster •
41 56
99 50
1900.71
II 18.6
II 14
Do.
Hyannis
41 59
10 1 46
1900.73
13 23.0
13 18
Do.
Thedford
41 59
100 31
1900. 70
12 10. 2
12 06
Do.
School Section 36
42 00
99 21
1900.66
II 51-0
II 46
Do.
Norfolk
42 02
97 22
1896.36
10 33. 3
10 12
! R. L. Paris
Mullen
42 02
loi 00
1900.70
12 50.2
12 46
1 W. M. Brown
Alliance
42 06
102 51
1900. 70
14 IO-3
14 06
Do.
Neligh
42 08
98 02
1900.62
n 15.8
n 10
1 Do.
Hewitt
42 15
103 59
1900.78
15 06.7
15 02
Do.
Marsland
42 26
103 16
1900.77
14 13-4
14 09
Do.
Spring Lake Ranch
42 26
102 04
1 1900. 76
13 5^.5
13 46
Do.
190
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the fnost recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
NEBRASKA- Continued
Station ^
,ati-
ade
Longi
tude
Date of
1 observa-
1 tion
1
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group /—Continued
/
/ '
East
/
East
/|
O'Neill 4
2 2
7 98 39 1900.63
11 29.2
II 24
W. M. Brown
Keystone Ranch 4
2 2
8 102 48 1900.77
13 07. 4
13 03
Do.
Kennedy 4
2 3
I 100 50 1900.68
12 36.9
12 32
Do.
Ainsworth 4
2 3
3 99 52
I 1900. 67
II 52.5
II 48
Do.
Newport 4
2 3
6 99 2c
) 1900. 63
12 06. I
12 01
Do.
Hamson 4
2 4
I 103 5:
J 1900. 77
14 47. 5
14 43
Do.
Rushville 4
2 4
3 102 2(
} 1900. 75
14 10.9
14 06
Do.
Spring View 4
Cnadron 4
2 4
9 99 4i
) 1 1900.67
12 10.4
12 05
Do.
2 5
103 oc
J ' 1896. 37
13 58. 2
13 39
R, L. Faris
Valentine 4
2 5
2 100 3.
\ < 1900.68
12 33.7
12 29
W. M. Brown
Mcrriman 4
2 5
5 loi 4^
\ ' 1900.75
14 15-8
14 II
Do.
Croup II
'
Colorado Boundary 4
4 102 0;
S 1869.8
13 53
12 29
0. N. Chaffee
Richardson County
a • «
1855
12 00
9 40
Mean, 31 sta^ons
Pawnee County
• •
: 1856
10 19
8 00
Mean, 6 stations
Fairbury 4
8 9
7 oJ
^ , 1895
948
9 24
County surveyor
Jefferson County
•
1856
12 13
10 II
Mean, 8 stations
Thayer County
•
, 1858
12 45
10 45
Do.
Nuckolls County
• •
1858
12 45
10 45
Do.
Webster County
« •
1867
12 33
10 47
Mean, 12 stations
Franklin County
•
1858
13 15
II 15
Mean, 8 stations
Harlan County
•
1865
13 18
II 39
Do.
Furnas County
• •
1870
14 25
12 53
Mean, 9 stations
Red Willow County
•
1870
13 12
11 40
Mean, 5 stations
Hitchcock County
• •
1870
13 22
II 59
Mean, 9 stations
Dundy County
•
1870
13 53
12 30
Do.
Rock Creek 4
I
I 97 0:
I 1858.6
12 06
10 06
J. H. Simpson
Big Sandy River 4
I
2 97 i:
I 1858.6
13 39
II 39
Do.
Culbertson 4
I
3 100 4c
} 1895
12 10
11 48
L. J. Carrington
Colorado Boundary 4
I
3 102 0:
J 1869. 8
13 28
12 04
0. N. Chaffee
Little Blue River 4
I
5 i 98 ic
) 1858.6
13 43
II 43
J. H. Simpson
Gage County
• •
• t • •
1856
9 47
7 45
Mean, 6 stations
Beatrice 4
I
6 ! 96 4^
^ 1901.2
10 53
10 50
Willis Ball
Frontier County 4
Colorado Boundary 4
2
I ! lOO 0*
\ \ 1901.0
11 58
II 54
W. F. Beery
0. N. Chaffee
2
I 1 102 0^
J • 1869.8
13 43
12 19
Johnson County
• •
•
. i 1856
10 00
7 50
Mean, 7 stations
Nemaha County
•
• • • •
1 1855
II 10
8 48
Do.
Auburn 4
2
4 95 4«
} 1 1896
10 10
9 50
County surveyor
Holdre^e 4
2
7 99 21
[ 1 1896
12 23
12 03
Do.
Brownville 4
2
8 95 4c
> 1877.5
II 15
9 53
A. H. Blaisdell
Peru 4
3
95 4!
; 1888.4
10 09
9 20
H. W. Bouton
Elm Creek 4
3
I 98 3c
) 1858. 6
12 18
10 18
J. H. Simpson
Colorado Boundary 4
3
; 102 0^
J 1869.8
13 49
12 25
O.N.Chaffee
Chase County
. '
1 1870
13 46
12 22
Mean, 14 stations
Hayes County
1
1
1870
13 24
12 00
Do.
Frontier Coun .y
1 1870
14 13
12 49
Mean, 16 stations
Gosper Coun.y
1 1865
14 33
12 53
Mean, 8 stations
Phelps County
, 1865
13 53
12 13
Do.
Kearney County
1858
13 51
12.04
Do.
Saline County
1S57
II 36
9 35
Do.
Fillmore County
1858
12 26
10 26
Mean, 12 stations
Clay County
1 1858
12 19
10 19
Do.
Adams County
1875
12 35
II 08
Mean, 16 stations
MAGNETIC DECUNATION IN UNITED STATES.
IQI
Table of the most recent magnetic decliiiations observed in the United States afid otitlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
NEBRASKA— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Hastings
Fort Kearney
Colorado Boundary
Camp No. 20
Frontier County
Do.
Otoe County
Nebraska City
Lancaster County
Colorado Boundary
Perkins County
Dawson County
Buffalo County
Seward County
York County
Hamilton County
Hall County
Grand Island
Colorado Boundary
Platte River
Cass County
Plattsmoutn
Colorado Boundary
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Lincoln County
Camp No. 25
Camp No. 22
Wyoming Boundary
Polk County
Do.
Sarpy County
Papillion
Merrick County
North Platte
Polk County
Polk County, 6th P. M
Butler County
Howard County
Sherman County
Keith County
Kimball County
Saunders County
Wyoming Boundary
Polk County, 6th P. M
Do.
Douglas County
40 34
40 38
40 39
40 40
40 41
40 41
• • •
40 42
• • •
40 47
•
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
40 55
40 56
40 58
« • •
41 00
41 00
41 00
41 00
41 00
41 00
41 00
41 00
41 00
41 00
41 00
41 00
• • •
41 03
41 05
41 05
41 05
41 07
• • • «
41 10
• • • •
41 II
• • •
41 II
41 14
41 14
41 17
98 24
99 03
102 03
99 54
100 04
100 36
• • • •
95 52
• • •
102 03
• • • •
• • •
98 20
102 03
100 35
• • • •
95 53
102 09
102 20 i
102 32
102 43
102 55
103 06
103 18
103 29
103 41
103 51
104 00
• • •
loi 50
100 50
104 03
97 40
97 33
• •
96 01
io« 45
• • • •
97 20
• • «
104 03
97 20
97 20
895
858.7
869.8
858.7
898.9
900.7
856
880.5
857
869.8
870
869
860
857
858
858
862
900. 2
869.8
858.9
856
895
869.7
869.6
869.6
869.6
869.6
869.6
869.6
869.6
869.6
869.6
869.6
869
858.7
858. 7
869.6
901.2
901.2
856
895
858
872.8
858
881.6
857
862
868
869
870
857
869.6
899.5
889.8
856
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
o 15
3 38
4 00
3 17
2 10
2 10
o 17
o 13
o 08
4
3
3
4
I
2
2
3
I
4
3
o
9
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
I
5
o
o
o
9
3
3
2
I
2
3
3
4
5
I
5
9
I
07
13
39
04
39
33
42
20
30
12
32
45
30
16
34
48
30
15
55
50
31
34
22
34
41
21
05
09
52
15
53
48
15
07.5
30
00
02
56
44
20
29
36
05
30
00
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
o 53
East
/
9 51
II 51
12 36
II 30
II 59
12 05
8 07
9 00
8 07
12 43
II 49
12 06
12 18
938
10 33
10 42
II 25
II 23
12.48
II 45
835
9 06
12 52
13 10
13 24
13 07
12 53
13 34
13 30
13 12
13 16
13 05
13 18
12 17
II 47
9 31
13 54
10 49
10 12
8 45
9 24
II 15
II 48
10 30
9 49
10 01
12 13
12 09
12 56
14 12
9 35
13 50
9 20
10 15
8 43
County surveyor
J. H. Simpson
O. N. Chaffee
J. H. Simpson
W. F. Beery
Do.
Mean, 9 stations
C. R. Suter
Mean, 14 stations
O. N. Chaffee
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, iS stations
Mean, 16 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Do.
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 12 stations
A. C. Koenig
O. N. Chaffee
J. H. Simpson
Mean, 3 stations
County surveyor
O. N. Chaffee
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Mean, 35 stations
J. H. Simpson
Do.
O. N. Chaffee
O. W. Barnes
Do.
Mean, 5 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 5 stations
T. C. Hilgard
Mean, 8 stations
O. W. Barnes
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 13 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 13 stations
O. N. Chaffee
O. W. Barnes
Do.
Mean, 5 stations
192
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and otitlying
territories reduced to January /, Tgo2 — Continued.
NEBRASKA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
I
Group //—Continued
/
/
Wyoming Boundary 4
I 22 104 G
3 1869.6
North Platte River . 4
I 23 102 I
5 1858. 7
Polk County, 6th P. M 41 23 97 2
1900.7
Custer County
• * « • • •
. , 1872
Nance County ^
• • •
. 1858
Engineers Cantonmen 4
I 25 96 C
1819.7
Columbus ^
I 26 97 I
9 1895
Wyoming Boundary 4
1 31 104
3 1869.6
Deuel County 1
. 1869
Cheyenne County '
. . '
1870
Washington County
. 1 1856
McPherson County
1869
Arthur County
. . . i
. ; 1869
Logan County
• • • 1
1869
Valley County
. . . 1
. , 1867
Greeley County
1
' 1863
Platte County
1857
Colfax County
' 1857
Dodge County
. ' 1856
Banner County
1870
Ashford 4
I 38 103 3
8 1895
Camp Clark 4
I 40 103 I
1896
Wyoming Boundary 4
I 40 104
3 J869. 6
Boone County
• • • 1 B •
. . 1858 ,
Wyoming Boundary 4
I 48 ' 104
3 1869.6
Burt County
Scotts Bluff County
1
. j 1856
. . . 1
. 1 1879
Grant County
; 1876
Hooker County
: 1875
Thomas County
1
, 1874
Blaine County
1872
Loup County
Garfield County
« 1 •
1872
1870
Wheeler County
1865
Madison County
1858
Stanton County
. . .
. 1857
Cuming County
. 1857
Wyoming Boundary 4
I 57 104
3 1869.7
North Platte River 4
I 58 104
. 1858. 7
Wyoming Boundary 4
2 06 104
3 . 1869.7
Wayne County 4
2 07 97
7 1900- 7
Do.
« • • •
1857
Antelope County
« • • • a •
1858
Thurston County
• • • • •
1856
Boxbutte County
• « • « •
1880
Wyoming Boundary 4
2 15 104
3 1869.7
Pierce County
• • • •
. . 1858
Plainview 4
2 20 97 4
4 1895
Wyoming Boundary 4
2 23 104
3 1869.7
Dakota County
• 1857
Rock County
. 1865
Brown County
1874
Holt County
1865
Dixon County
. 1857 ,
Sioux County
. . 1S82 1
Declina-
tion ob-
sen-ed
East
o /
28
26
05
22
12
58. 8
o 32
58
35
00
34
47
21
36
18
38
55
20
48
47
30
30
44
42
55
05
25
55
45
42
24
25
20
40
47
16
2 21
6 06
536
6 08
o 10
2 17
3 05
2 06
4 35
6 02
2 36
8 43
56
19
45
35
39
36
20
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
4 13
3 52
o 00
I
I
55
12
o 59
o 08
4
3
43
II
3 36
8 24
23
57
II
o 42
o 45
o 54
19
43
33
08
II
34
42
45
55
16
43
31
20
o
9
4
4
3
4
o
4
9
4
I 57
I 58
I 50
I 00
o 47
o 15
o 20
4 56
4 22
4 58
o 05
o 16
I 05
o 00
3 30
4 52
o 36
8 19
46
14
06
2 12
2 00
o 26
4 26
Observer or
authority
O. N. Chaffee
J. H.Simpson
O. W. Barnes
Mean, 41 stations
Mean, 7 stations
S. H. Long
County surveyor
O.N.Chaffee
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 16 stations
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 13 stations
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 4 stations
County surveyor
Do.
O. N. Chaffee
Mean, 5 stations
O. N. Chaffee
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 18 stations
Mean, 16 stations
Do.
Mean, 20 stations
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Do.
Do.
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 7 stations
O. N. Chaffee
J. H. Simpson
O. N. Chaffee
R. H. Jones
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 14 stations
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 16 stations
O. N. Chaffee
Mean, 12 stations
County surveyor
O. N. Chaffee
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 28 stations
Mean, 3: stations
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 34 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
193
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, 1^02 — Continued.
NEBRASKA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
sen'ed
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Sheridan County-
• •
• • •
1881
1448
13 46
Mean, 29 stations
Cherry County, E.
• • •
• • « •
1875
13 35
12 21
Mean, 24 stations
Cherry County, W.
• • • •
• • •
1880
14 35
13 21
Mean, 30 stations
Wyoming Boundary
42 32
104 03
1869.7
15 44
14 34
0. N. Chaffee
Niobrara River
42 34
103 57
1877. 7
15 27. 2
14 27
W. S. Stanton
Cedar County
. . . .
. . . .
1858
12 12
10 12
Mean, 12 stations
Knox County
. . . •
• • •
1858
13 16
II 16
Mean, 13 stations
Wvoming Boundary
42 39
104 03
1869.7
15 37
14 27
0. N. Chaffee
Soldiers Creek
42 40
103 28
1877. 8
15 30.0
14 25
W. S. Stanton
Dawes County
• •
•
, 1882
15 13
14 13
Mean, 41 stations
Wyoming Boundary
42 48
J04 03
1869.7
15 53
14 43
0. N. Chaffee
Keyapaha County
Wyoming Boundary
• • •
> • •
1872
14 07
12 40
Mean, 2 stations
42 56
104 03
1869.7
15 53
14 43
0. N. Chaffee
Indian Creek
42 59
104 03
1877. 8
16 39.
15 40
W. 8. Stanton
South Dakota Boundary
43 00
103 59
1874. 7
16 00
14 58
C. Wiltse
, Do.
43 00
103 47
1874. 7
15 52
14 49
Do.
Do.
43 00
103 35
1874. 7
15 42
14 38
Do.
Do.
43 00
103 24
1874. 7
15 32
14 28
Do.
Do.
43 00
103 12
1874.7
15 22
14 17
Do.
Do.
43 00
103 00
1874. 7
15 13
14 07
Do.
Do.
43 00
102 48
1874. 7
15 00
13 53
Do.
Do.
43 00
102 36
1874.7
14 50
13 42
Do.
Do.
43 00
102 25
1874. 7
14 38
13 30
Do.
Do.
43 CO
102 13
1874. 7
14 36
13 27
Do.
Do.
43 00
102 01
1874.7
14 33
13 23
Do.
Do.
43 00
loi 49
1874.7
14 30
13 19
Do.
Do.
43 00
loi 37
1874.7
14 33
13 21
Do.
Do.
43 00
lot 26
1874. 7
H 33
13 21
Do.
Do.
43 00
loi 14
1874. 7
14 30
13 17
Do.
Do.
43 00
loi 02
1874. 7
14 26
13 12
Do.
Do.
43 00
100 50
1874-7
14 25
13 10
Do.
Do.
43 00
100 38
1874. 7
14 23
13 07
Do.
Do.
43 00
100 27
1874. 7
14 24
13 07
Do.
Do.
43 00
100 15
1874. 7
14 15
12 58
Do.
Do.
43 00
100 03
1874. 7
13 50
12 32
Do.
Do.
43 00
99 51
1874. 7
13 50
12 31
Do.
Do,
43 00
99 39
1874.7
13 50
12 30
Do.
NEVADA
T149,
E.
Tl|9»
Ti33»
T1X5,
Tio6»
i' IOI>
Group I
T,4i, Von Schmidt 35®
Lat Pier i
Ti38, T,3s, T135 ^*34
A 1321 I xjo
■L is4i A Z9S* *■ lat
'1' 1191 *■ ti7» 1 116
' ti^t '■wii -^iiat liii
■*■ 109* 1 io8t •! 107
* n>4» * i03» A 103
27478 02
/
35
01
35
08
35
21
35 41
35
51
36
00
36
09
36
20
36
30
o /
114 40
114
115
"5
115
115
116
116
116
49
05
30
42
54
05
19
33
1899.13
1899. 14
1899- 15
1899.18
1899.18
1899.19
1899. 19
1899.20
1899.21
East
o /
14 12
14 42
14 37
14 56
15 03
15 t)6
15 13
15 10
15 23
East
o /
14 10
14 40
14 35
14 54
15 01
15 04
15 II
15 08
15 21
F. W. Edmonds
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
13
194
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January i, ipo2 — Continued.
NEVADA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Group /—Continued
^^ ^^ ^T^ ^^ ^^
^98* *97» ^96> "»^95» *-9^
T99J I911 T90
T89, TsB, T85, T84
T^f^ ^^ ^f^ T^
83» l8«i J-8o» ■I-79J I78
T^T^ ^w% 'T^ ^^
77» "^-T** -^75' •*'74» ■••73
T^#^ ^rt ^I^ ^1^
7a> *7i» -l^TOj -LdO) -^68
T67i, Tey, Tee, Tej, T64
T^rt ^T^ ^^ ^^
63) -Lte* i6i? -Ltet -l-sg
T58, Nev.-Cal. Boundary
Pioche
T^rt T^ ^T^ ^^
46, i-48, J- 49, I50, I53
TM^ ^T^ '^^ ^^
39» ■••4ot I43, I44, I45
White Pine
T^l^ ^1^ " ^T^ ^^ '^^
33» ^34» ^35» -^^a*' ■^37» ••^38
T^^\ ^r^ T^^ ^T^
a8» -189, J- 30, A 31, Ija
Trtrt ^T^ T^ '^^
asi -^33, ■Ls4i last la^
T'w^ 'J^ ^¥^ ^^ ^T^
15* A 16, *X7» I18) li9» lao
T^i^ ^[^ '1* ^T^ 'W^ 'l^
8, A9, A 10, All, * 19, A 13, A 14
Initial 1894. T„ T„ T4, T5,
Te, and %
Wheeler Peak
Tres Pinos
Genoa
Lehman's ranch
Carson City
Austin
Reno
Verdi
Eureka, town
Diamond Peak
Mount Callahan
Hot Springs
Mineral Hill
Rye Patch
Battle Mountain
Elko
Winnemucca
Wells vStation
Tecoma
Group IT
Lincoln County, S. point
Vegas Wash
Stone Ferry
Rio Virgin, mouth
Las Vegas Range
Eastern Boundary
Lincoln County, southeast
Lincoln County, southwest
St. Thomas
Indian Spring
36 40
36 55
37 06
37 19
37 29
37 35
37 42
37 49
37 56
37 59
3805
38 15
38 19
38 25
3834
3842
38 48
3851
3856
38 59
39 00
39 00
39 01
39 10
39 29
39 30
39 31
39 31
39 35
39 43
39 47
40 10
40 26
40 40
40 47
40 59
41 07
41 20
Longi-
tude
36 07
36 08
36 09
36 II
36 20
116
117
117
117
117
118
118
118
118
114
118
118
115
119
119
119
119
119
119
114
114
119
114
119
117
119
119
115
115
116
118
116
118
116
115
117
114
45
06
20
38
51
00
09
19
29
03
41
56
30
09
22
33
42
47
55
19
14
50
08
46
04
49
59
58.
49
57
56
12
18
50
46
44
56
Date of
observa-
tion
114 06
36 27
36 34
114 40
H4 25
114 22
115 03
114 03
114 19
115 35
895.77
895.70
895.73
895.63
895.60
895.59
895.54
895.50
894.86
883.74
894.86
894.84
881.88
894.82
894.78
894.76
894.71
894.68
894.65
8S2.89
8S2. 92
8S9. 59
882. 94
895.85
881.41
881.28
889.53
881.38
881.70
881.53
881.29
881.39
881.30
881.31
881.32
881.30
881.32
881.33
1878
1869.5
1875.6
1869.5
1869.5
187 1. 1
1877
1878
1869.5
1869.5
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
5 40
6 10
6 08
6 20
[6 19
[6 29
6 13
6 43
3 42
7 10.9
6 24
5 57
:6 04.1
6 30
6 33
7 15
6 20
653
6 28
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
30.4
22.7
44.3
16.5
36.9
57.0
48.7
26.7
36.6
49-7
04.0
26.6
03.2
49.7
34.8
30.8
38.8
21.8
28.2
15 22
16 01. 1
14 58. I
15 47. 2
15 08. 2
14 05
15 34
15 46
15 47.5
15 41.5
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
3
6
6
5
5
6
6
7
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
6
6
7
7
6
6
6
7
6
7
7
7
7
7
36
06
04
16
15
25
09
39
38
49
20
53
48
26
29
II
16
49
24
08
01
42
54
36
48
49
25
21
34
55
24
54
47
26
15
30
06
7 12
15 10
15 50
14 46
15 36
14 57
13 54
15 22
15 34
15 36
15 28
Obser\'er or
authority
A. W. Cuddeback
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Sinclair & Mather
Eimbeck & Bird
Sinclair & Mather
Do.
Eimbeck & Man-
Sinclair & Mather
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Eimbeck & Marr
Do.
R. A. Marr
Eimbeck & Marr
C. H . Sinclair
Eimbeck & Man-
Do.
R. A. Marr
Eimbeck & Mair
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Mean, 4 stations
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
E. Bergland
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
Do.
J. E. James
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 17 stations
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
G. W. Wheeler
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
195
Table of the most recent magnetic declmatiom^ observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, 1^2 — Continued.
NEVADA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //^—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
West Point
36 41
114 34
1869.5
15 19.0
15 00
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
Ra.stem Boundary-
36 41
114 03
1871. 1
15 02
14 43
J. E. James
Do.
37 03
114 03
1871. 1
14 59
14 40
Do.
Mud Spring
37 II
115 35
1869.5
16 02.8
15 50
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
Mormon Canyon
37 16
114 28
1869.5
16 34. 5
16 16
Do.
Eastern Boundary
37 25
114 03
1871. I
15 16
1457
J. E. James
Lincoln County, middle east
• • » •
* • •
1881
16 20
16 00
Mean, 13 stations
Lincoln County, middle west
• • • •
• • • »
1870
16 08
15 55
Mean, 6 stations
Clover Valley
37 30
114 14
1869.5
14 25.3
14 06
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
Schafer Spring
Spring below Panacea
37 34
115 27
1869.5
16 10.8
1558
D. W. Lockwood
37 46
114 27
1869.5
16 58. 8
16 40
G. W. Wheeler
Silver Peak
37 46
117 36
1890
16 08
t6 02
County surveyor
Esmeralda County, south
• • • •
• • • •
1877
1625
16 25
Mean, 9 stations
Eastern Boundary
37 47
114 03
1871.0
15 48
15 29
J. E. James
Rose Valley
37 55
114 16.
1869.5
17 50.1
17 31
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
Pioche
37 55
114 27
1892
16 00
15 48
Countv surveyor
Wheeler, Lock-
w^ood
G. W. Wheeler
Quinn Canyon
37 58
"5 45
1869.5
j6 20.2
16 07
Homer
3803
114. 10
1869.5
17 40.4
17 21
Eastern Boundary
3809
114 03
1871.0
15 39
15 20
J. E. James
Esmeralda County, middle
• • • •
• • • •
1883
17 00
16 57
Mean, 7 stations
Sheep Range
38 14
114 22
1869.5
16 46. 4
16 27
G. W. Wheeler
Wild Hop Creek
3823
114 30
1869.5
15 59.5
15 40
Do.
Lincoln County, north
Eastern Boundary
• • •
• • • •
1874
16 10
15 46
Mean, 20 stations
3831
114 03
1871.0
16 00
15 40
J. E. James
Hawthorne
3832
118 35
1887
16 28
16 24
County surveyor
Nye County, northeast
• • • •
• •
1875
16 25
16 20
Mean, 8 stations
Nye County, middle north
• • • •
• • > •
1874
16 05
16 00
Mean, 17 stations
Nye County, northwest
* • •
• • » •
1875
1635
16 30
Mean, 15 stations
Esmeralda County, north
• •
• • • •
1880
16 46
16 44
Mean, 19 stations
Cave Valley
38 39
114 49
1869.5
16 16.2
15 56
UTieeler, Lock-
wood
Benson Creek
38 41
114 38
1869.5
16 24.0
16 04
G. W. Wheeler
Clear Creek
3850
114 25
1869.5
16 26. 7
16 07
Do.
Eastern Boundary
38 52
114 03
1871.0
16 00
15 40
J. E. James
Dead Horse Well
38 54
118 23
1876.5
16 30. 1
16 30
Engineer officer
Douglas County
• • « •
• •
1869
16 14
16 24
Mean, 13 stations
Rattlesnake Spring
38 57
114 26
1869.5
16 17.9
i6 00
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
McMahon Ranch
38 59
117 28
1876.5
15 41.3
15 34
Engineer officer
Genoa
3859
119 40
1877.5
16 47
1652
J. N. Macomb
Ice Creek
39 02
114 49
1869. 5
16 35. I
16 15
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
Glenbrook Wharf
39 05
119 56
1876. 5
15 59
16 04
Engineer officer
White Pine County, SE.
• • •
• •
1871
16 30
16 10
Mean, 17 stations
Ormsby County
• • •
• • • •
1865
16 13
16 33
Mean, 4 stations
Big Bend, Walker River
39 09
118 56
1859. 6
16 56
17 20
J. H. Simpson
Sacramento District
39 10
114 23
1869.5
16 27.4
16 07
G. W. Wheeler
Lj'on County
• • •
> •
1868
16 42
16 57
Mean, 18 stations
Monte Christo Mill
39 13
115 35
1869. 5
17 05.1
16 52
Wheeler ^ Robert
Eastern Boundary
39 14
114 03
1870. 9
i 16 00
15 40
J. E. James
196
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most receyit magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to Jantiary i, ipo2 — Continued.
NEVADA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Group //^Continued
Murray Creek
Near Hamilton
Center Station
West*n Bndry; mean, 14 sta.
Carson Lake
WTiite Pine County, SW.
Storey County
Antelope Springs
Piermont
Patterson Ranch
West'n Bndry; mean, 13 sta.
Churchill County, east
Churchill County, west
Lander County, south
Eureka County, south
Eastern Boundary
Washoe County, south
West'n Bndry; mean, 15 sta.
Kobah Valley
White Pine County, NE.
Antelope Valley
Slough, Long Valley
Eagan Canyon
White Pine County, NW.
Cho-keep Pass
West'n Bndry; mean, 15 sta.
Eastern Boundary
Huntingdon Springs
Camp Ruby
Cold Spring
West'n Bndry; mean, 15 sta.
Pearl Creek
Eastern Boundarj'
W^est'n Bndry; mean, 15 sta.
Willow Creek
Lander County, north
Eureka County, north
Humboldt County, SE.
Humboldt County, SW.
Washoe County, middle
Elko County, southeast
Elko County, southwest
West'n Bndry ; mean, 15 sta.
Eastern Boundary
Crescent Station
Camp Halleck '
Elko County, mid. S.
West'n Bndry; mean, 15 sta.
Eastern Boundary'
West' n Bndry ; mean , 1 5 sta.
Elko County, mid. N,
Longi-
tude
/ !
/
39 15
114 51
39 16 '
39 16 '
39 19 .
39 24 ,
115 26
119 40 >
120 00
118 38
39 26
39 29
39 31
39 31
• « «
39 43
39 44
• • • •
39 47
39 50
39 52
• • •
39 54
39 57
3958
40 01
40 04
40 04
40 12
40 17
40 20
40 25
40 31
40 38
40 42
40 45
40 49
• « •
40 51
41 03
41 04
• « • •
39 36 ! 114 03
• • •
20 00
16 10
14 12
15 24
14 58
• « •
15 45
20 00
14 03
15 19
15 31
15 42
20 00
15 44
14 03
20 00
15 44
Date of
observa-
tion
115 27
114 31
117 45
120 00
120 00
114 03
115 40
115 20 ;
120 00
114 03 '
120 00
1869.5
869.5
876.5
872.8
859.6
872
86 1
869.5
872.5
876.5
872.8
872
875
874
879
870.9
868
872.8
858.9
868
859.5
869.5
859-5
868
858.9
872.8
870.9
859.5
869.5
869.5
872.8
869.5
870.9
872.8
869.5
870
873
874
880
882
881
880
872.8
870.8
869.5
869.5
880
872.8
870.8
872.8
887
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
East
/
/
16 35. 3
1
16 22
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
1643.5
16 30
Wheeler & Robert
16 30
16 36
Engineer officer
16 50
17 00
A.W.VonSchmidt
17 II
17 35
J. H. Simpson
16 34
16 20
Mean, 29 stations
16 35
17 00
Mean, 3 stations
17 00.4
16 47
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
16 47
16 27
R. L. Hoxie
16 27.4
16 20
Engineer officer
16 29
16 39
A.W.VonSchmidt
17 30
17 35
Mean, 6 stations
17 20
17 23
Do.
16 42
16 36
Mean, 97 stations
1637
16 28
Mean, 15 stations
16 22
16 02
J. E. James
1655
17 10
Mean^ 40 stations
16 42
1652
A.W.VonSchmidt
16 44
16 50
J. H. Simpson
16 42
16 25
Mean, 8 stations
16 47
1635
J. H. Simpson
16 59-9
16 47
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
16 47
16 45
J. H. Simpson
16 46
16 34
Mean, 18 stations
17 02
17 00
J. H. Simpson
A.W.VonSchmidt
1657
17 07
1635
16 15
J. E. James
18 06
18 04
J. H. Simpson
Wheeler & Robert
17 09.1
16 56
17 12.4
16 59
G. W. W^heeler
16 28
16 38
A.W.VonSchmidt
16 18.8
16 06
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
1652
16 32
J. E. James
17 20
17 30
A.W.VonSchmidt
17 27. I
17 14
Wheeler, Lock-
wood
17 35
17 32
Mean, 95 stations
1653
16 48
Mean, 9 stations
17 44
17 48
Mean, 22 stations
17 25
17 23
Mean, 13 stations
17 36
17 36
Mean, 4 stations
17 00
16 44
Mean, 12 stations
17 30
17 14
Mean, 2 stations
1845
1855
A.W.VonSchmidt
17 05
16 45
J. E. James
17 52
17 39
G. W. Wheeler
16 21.4
16 08
WTieeler & Robert
16 50
16 34
Mean, 12 stations
1849
18 59
AW. Von Schmidt
16 59
16 39
J. E. James
17 57
18 07
A.W.VonSchmidt
17 30
17 16
Mean, 16 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
197
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igoz — Continued.
NEVADA— Continued
Station
Grotip //—Continued
West'nBndry; mean,i5sta.
Eastern Boundary
Washoe County, N.
Elko County, NE.
Elko County, N\V.
Humboldt County, NE.
Humboldt County, NW.
West*n Bndry ; mean, 15 sta.
Do.
Eastern Boundary
West'nBndry; mean, 15 sta.
41 17
41 25
41 30
41 43
41 48
41 55
120 00
114 03
120 00
120 00
114 03
120 00
Date of
observa-
tion
1872. 8
1870.8
1878
1881
1883
1878
1874.
1872.8
1872. 8
1870. 8
1872.8
Declina-
tion ob-
served
past
o /
17 37
17 12
18 26
17 53
17 44
17 45
17 40
18 19
18 46
17 28
18 44
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
7 47
[6 52
[8 30
37
30
45
44
8 29
8 56
7 08
fS 54
Observer or
authority
A. W. Von Schmidt
J. E. James
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 60 stations
Mean, 22 stations
A. W. Von Schmidt
Do.
J. E. James
A.W.Von Schmidt
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Group I
/
/
West
/
West
/
Troy
42 50
72 II
1861.61
9 03.3
II 19
Dean & Halter
Chesterfield
42 54
72 26
1890.71
II 12.7
II 39
J. B. Baylor
Unkonoonuc
42 59
71 35
1848. 77
9 04.1
12 18
J. S. Ruth
Patuccawa
43 <^7
71 12
1849. 63
10 42.8
13 52
C. 0. Boutelle
Gunstock
43 31
71 22
1860.54
10 54. 1
13 15
G. W. Dean
Hanover
43 42
72 17
1898.83
12 24.4
12 31
E. Smith
Littleton
44 19
71 48
1873. 74
12 35. I
14 00
T. C. Hilgard
Gorham
44 22
71 15
1873. 73
13 47.0
15 12
Do.
Group II
•
Hinsdale
42 46
72 29
1772.5
6 00
II 43
Wright
Chesterfield
42 53
72 29
1891
II 30
II 54
,Sam'l Wadsworth
Keene
42 56
72 17
1900
12 02
12 05
Do.
Concord
43 12
71 29
1879- 5
II 27
12 29
J. N. McClintotk
Farmington
43 23
71 04
1889.5
13 12
13 42
G. \\\ Fernald
Claremont
43 23
72 22
1896
12 29
12 41
County surveyor
Lebanon
43 40
72 12
1874?
II 30
12 52
C. A. Downs
Plvmouth
43 45
71 42
1830. 7
8 32
13 03
J. D. Graham
West Rumney
43 49
71 53
1830. 7
9 38
14 09
Do.
Warren
43 56
71 55
1830. 7
9 08
13 39
Do.
Haverhill
44 02
72 05
1830. 7
7 32
12 03
Do.
Lyman
44 13
71 54
1879. 5
II 33
12 35
J. N. McClintock
Fabyan Hotel
44 16
71 25
1845. 5
II 32
15 00
J. Locke
Lancaster
44 30
71 34
1900
13 24
13 27
J. I. Williams
NEW JERSEY
Group I
/
/
West
/
West
/
Cape May-
3856
74 56
1891.41
5 40.7
6 15
G. R. Putnam
Townbank
3859
7458
1846.50
2 59-
6 38
J. Locke
Sea Isle City
39 09
74 42
1884.45
5 53-8
653
J. B. Baylor
Egg Island Light-House
39 10
75 08
1846.48
3 03-
6 42
J. Locke
Port Norris
39 15
75 01
1846.48
3 04.4
6 43
Do.
Atlantic City
39 22
74 25
i860. 64
4 54.0
7 34
C. A. Schott
198
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the tnost recent magnetic declinatioiis observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, ipo2 — Continued.
NEW JERSEY— Continued
T,ati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
Declina-
Declina-
Station
observa-
tion
tion ob-
served
tion in
1902
i
Group /^Coutinued
/
/
West
/
West
/ '
Pine Mount
39 25
75 20
1846. 46
3 14.2
653
Hawkins
39 26
75 17
1846. 47
2 58.8
6 38
Old Inlet, Tuckers Island
39 31
74 17
1846. 86
4 27.8
8 05
Long Beach
39 32
74 16
1860.65
5 18.5
7 59
Church Landing
39 41
75 31
1846. 43
5 49.1
9 28
Bamegat Light-House
39 46
74 06
1860.65
5 24.0
8 04
Chew
39 48
75 10
1846. 53
3 45.2
7 24
White Hill
40 08
74 44
1846. 38
4 25.9
805 1
Mount Rose
40 22
74 43
1852. 62
5 31.8
8 46
Mount Mitchell
40 24
74 00
1844. 04
5 39.4
9 27
Sandy Hook
40 28
74 00
1895.47
8 24.8
8 45
New Brunswick
40 30
74 27
1895.67
7 47.0
8 c6 ;
Newark
40 45
74 10
1846. 37
5 35.1
9 14
Bergen Neck
40 46
74 03
1840. 66
5 53
9 54
Croup IT
Ocean View
39 II
74 44
18S7.8
5 40
6 26
Maurice River Light-House
39 12
75 02
1883.5
5 05
6 08
Port Norris
39 15
75 02
1887.8
5 24
6 10
Atlantic City
39 22
74 25
1887.8
6 22
7 08
Bridgeton
39 26
75 14
1887.8
5 19
6 05
Mays Landing
39 27
74 44
1892.6
6 29
6 58 ,
Newfield
39 32
75 01
1887.8
5 45
631
Bass River
39 35
74 27
1885.6
6 30
7 25 ;
Salem
39 35
75 28
1894. 6
6 19
6 42 1
Tuckerton
39 36
74 20
1887.9
652
738 ,
West Creek
39 38
74 19
1887. 5
7 10
758 !
Hammonton
39 39
74 49
1885.9
5 53
6 47 1
Clayton
39 39
75 06
1885. 9
5 46
6 40
Winslow
39 40
74 51
1887.8
5 57
6 43
Manahawkin
39 42
74 15
1886.7
7 00
7 50
Waterford
39 43
74 51
1885.9
5 49
6 43
Barnegat Village
39 45
74 14
1887.9
652
738
Barnegat Light-House
39 46
74 06
1880.5
657
8 II
Clarksboro
39 48
75 14
1870. 1
5 48
7 46
Shamong Station
39 49
74 32
1887.9
636
7 22
Berlin
39 49
74 55
1885.9
5 35
6 29
Forked River
39 50
74 18
1876. 5
6 03.2
7 34
Woodbury
39 51
75 10
1896. I
6 28
6 46
Haddonfield
39 53
75 02
1887.8
6 10
6 56
Seaside Park
39 55
74 05
1887. 9
6 56
7 42
Camden
39 56
75 06
1887. 8
6 10
6 56
WTiiting
39 57
74 23
1887.9
7 09
7 55
Brown Mills
3958
74 35
1885. 8
6 53
7 47
Smith ville
39 59
74 45
1885. 8
6 32
7 26
Mount Holly
40 00
74 47
1897. 6
7 35
7 48
New Egypt
40 04
74 32
1887. 9
6 56
7 42
Columbus
40 04
74 42
1885.8
7 15
8 09
EUisdale
40 07
74 35
1885. 8
6 45
7 39
Sea Girt
40 08
74 03
1887. 9
7 09
7 55
Bordentown
40 09
74 43
1885. 8
7 03
7 57
Imlaystown
40 10
74 31
1765.8
4 45
9 08
Trenton
40 13
74 44
1893. 6
8 04
8 30
Hamilton
40 14
74 40
1885. 8
6 58
7 52
Obser\'er or
authority
J. Locke
Do.
T. J. Lee
C. A. Schott
J. Locke
C. A. Schott
J. Locke
Do.
J. E. Hilgard
Bache & Hall
J. B. Baylor
Do.
J. Locke
S. C. Rowan
N. J. Geol. Survey
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Mean, 6 compasses
N.J. Geol. Survey
Do.
Mean, 4 compasses
N.J. Geol. Sur\'ey
H.S.Haines
N.J. Geol. Survey
Do.
Do.
G. H. Blakeley
N.J. Geol. Survey
Do.
A. P. Irons
W. Haines
N.J. Geol. Survey
Do.
C. J. Moore
Mean, 5 compasses
N.J. Geol. Survey
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
H. S. Haines
N. J. Geol. Survey
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
J. Lawrence
H. S. Haines
N. J. Geol. Survey
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
199
Table of the most recetit magnetic declinations observed in the United States ajid outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
NEW JERSEY— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Group II — Continued
Freehold
Hightstown
Redbank
Lambertville, SE. of town
Jamesburg
Goat Hill
Princeton
Princeton, NNW. of town
Seabright
Lambertville
Morganville
Blawenburg
Perth Amboy
Middlebush
Flemington
Frenchtown
Plainfield
Cushetunk
Somerville, N. of town
Somerville, foot of ist mt.
Somerville, crest of ist nit.
Martinsville, i m. W.
Second Mt., crest
North of Mt. Horeb Church
Plainfield, crest of ist mt.
Pattenburg
Plainfield, crest of 2d mt.
Lebanon
Musconetcong Mt., foot
Musconetcong Mt., crest
Valley Station
Gillette
Highbridge
Glen Gardner
Phillipsburg
Jersey City
Morris and Somerset coun-
ties, boundary line
Newark
Harrison
Orange
W. Hoboken, top of ridge
W. Hoboken, base of Pali-
sades
Secaucus
Chester
Morristown, on mt., west
Morristown, S. of Horse hill
Morristown, on drift, east
Cooks Bridge and Hanover
Livingston
Hartley, Schooley Mt . slope
Hartley, west side of valley
Hartley, east side of valley
Hartley, top of ridge
40 16 j
40 16
40 20
40 21 I
40 21
40 21 '
40 2T
40 22
40 22
40 23
40 23
40 25
40 30
40 30
40 31
40 32
40 36
40 36
40 36
40 36
40 36
40 36
40 37 ,
40 37
40 37
40 38
40 39
40 39
40 40
40 40
40 41
40 41
40 41
40 42
40 42
40 43
40 43
40 45
40 45
40 46
40 46
40 47
40 47
40 47
40 47
40 47
40 48
40 48
40 48
40 49
40 49
40 49
40 49
74 16
74 32
74 04
74 56
74 27
74 56
74 40
74 40
73 59
74-57
74 14
74 43
74 16
74 32
74 51.
75 04
74 26
74 49
74 37
74 37
74 36
74 35
74 34
74 34
74 27
75 01
74 27
74 49
75 02
75 01
75 02
74 28
74 55
74 56
75 10
74 04
74 44
74 10
74 09
74 15
74 02
74 01
74 03
74 42
74 30
74 29
74 28
^4 22
74 19
74 44
74 43
74 42
74 41
887.9
887. S
887.9
8S7.9
8S7.5
S83?
887.9
887. 9
884. 7
887.9
887.9
887.9
885. 5
88 1. 9
887. 9
887. 9
887.9
883. 8
887.8
887.9
887.9
887. 9
887.9
887.9
887.9
887.8
887.9
887. 8
887. 8
887.8
887.8
887.9
887.8
887. 8
887.8
871.4
894.0
878
887.8
887.9
887.8
887.8
887.8
887.8
887.9
887. 9
887.9
887.9
8S7. 9
887.8
887.8
887.8
887. 8
Declina-
tion ob-
served
West
o /
15
18
23
«7 II
7 25
7
7 09
«7 21
12
55
/
6
7 35
7 36
43
13
14
10
40
29
19
15
«6 42
«8 32
«7 05
«7 35
a8 18
6
7
7
53
42
48.5
«6 28
a 6 42
7 04
7 53. 5
8 iS
«6 59
6 10
7 55
8 00
/
7
8
^9
«8
40
42
03.3
22
55
8
7
8
9
45
56
12
33
00
8 02
8 10
«4 08
9
9
48
03
8 29
Declina-
tion in
1902
West
o /
8 01
8 04
8 09
57
12
03
55
07
10
41
7
8
8
/
8
8
7
8 21
8 22
8 38
8 10
8 00
56
26
31
05
01
28
18
51
21
7
8
8
8
8
7
9
8
9
7
8
8
7
7
7
8
9
7
6
9
8
04
39
28
35
14
28
50
39
04
45
56
47
25
9
02
8
28
8
49
10
08
9
41
9
31
8
42
8
58
9
IQ
Q
46
8
48
8
56
4 54
10
34
9 49
9
15
Observer or
authority
j N. J. Geol. Sur\'ev
Do.
Do.
Do.
H. M. Thomas
Phila. Water Dept.
N.J. Geol. Survey
Do.
G. H. Hlakeley
N. J. Geol. Survev
Do.
Do.
G. H. Hlakelev
Do.
N. J. Geol. Survey
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
D. E. Culver
E. A. Howser
P. Witzel
N. J. Geol. Survey
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
ai«ocally disturbed area.
200
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declijiations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to Jafiuary 7, ipo2 — Continued.
NEW JERSEY— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
West
^
West
/
Schooley Mountain
40 50
74 48
1887.8
«6 25
7 II
N. J. Geol. Survey
Belvidere
40 50
75 05
1887.8
«5 32
6 18
Do.
Hackettstown, south
40 51
74 50
1887.8
a 6 50
7 36
Do.
Hackettstown, west
40 51
74 52
1887. 8
7 02
7 48
Do.
Budd Lake
40 52
74 43
1880.0
6 42
758
Do.
Hackensack
40 53
74 02
1887.8
7 49
835
Do.
Teaneck
40 53
74 01
1887.8
8 09
855
Do.
Linwood, top of Palisades
40 53
73 58
1887.8
9 03
9 49
Do.
Linwood, base of Palisades
40 53
73 57
1887.8
7 57
8 43
Do.
Paterson
40 53
74.10
1868.9
6 37
8 40
Fonda, Ryerson
Dover
40 53
74 34
1887.8
858
9 44
N. J. Geol. Survey
Dover, i mile east
40 53
74 33
1887.8
8 20
9 06
Do.
Nordhoff
40 54
73 58
1887.8
8 29
9 15
Do.
Boonton
40 54
74 24
1887.9
8 16
9 02
Do.
Warrenville
40 54
74 50
1881.7
6 00
7 10
Do.
Lake Hopatcong
40 55
74 40
1884.8
8 20.5
9 18
G. H. Blakeley
Allamuchy, slope of mt.
40 55
74 48
1887.8
9 00
9 46
N. J. Geol. Sur\'ey
AUamuchy
40 55
74 49.
1887.8
8 18
9 04
Do.
Allamuchy, 2 miles NW.
40 56
74 50
1887.8
7 45
8 31
Do.
Fairlawn
40 57
74 07
1887.8
8 06
852
Do.
Hawthorne
40 57
74 09
1887.8
7 51
837
Do.
Hieh Mountain
40 58
74 12
1883.6
«9 03
10 05
A. A. Tittsworth
Lake Hopatcong
40 58
74 37
1887. 8
7 49
835
N.J.GeoL Survey
Do.
40 58
74 38
1887.8
8 34
9 20
Do.
Pompton
40 59
74 19
1887.8
9 16
10 02
Do.
Andover
40 59
74 44
1881.7
6 25
7 35
Do.
Blairstown
40 59
74 58
1887.8
7 25
8 II
Do.
New York Boundary
41 00
73 54
1882.5
9 02
10 08
G. H. Blakeley
Do.
41 00
73 55
1882.5
9 32
10 38
Do.
Do.
41 01
73 56
1882.5
8 22
9 28
Do.
Bearfort Mountain
41 01
74 24
1882.6
8 00
9 06
Topog. Survey
A.H.Konkle
Hardwick Township
41 01
74 56
1886.3
7 II
8 03
New York Boundarv
4^
41 02
73 58
1882. 5
8 05
9 II
G. H. Blakeley
Do.
41 02
73 59
1882.5
8 32
9 38
Do.
Do.
41 02
74 00
1882.5
8 42
9 48
Do.
Green Pond Mt., crest
41 02
7428
1887.8
7 57
8 43
N. J. Geol. Survey
Green Pond Mt., W. base
41 03
74 28
1887.8
7 31
8 17
Do.
Oak Ridge
41 03
74 29
1887.8
758
8 44
Do.
Newton
41 03
74 45
1887.9
7 17
8 03
A. H. Konkle
Darlington
41 05
74 13
1879.6
9 40
10 58
N. J. Geol. Survey
Little Swartswood Lake
41 05
74 49
1886. I
8 16
9 09
G.H. Blakeley
Franklin Furnace
41 06
74 33
1887.8
«7 38
8 24
N. J. Geol. Survey
Mahwah
41 07
74 09
1887.8
8 23
9 09
Do.
West of Ramapo River
41 07
74 10
1887. 8
8 40
9 26
Do.
Monroe
41 07
74 38
1887.8
7 03
7 49
Do.
Hamburg
41 08
74 35
1882.8
7 04
8 09
Topog. Survey
Greenwood Lake
41 09
74 22
1887.8
«8 06
852
N.J. Geol. Survey
Culvers Gap
41 II
74 47
1887.8
7 25
8 II
Do.
State Line, Bearfort Mt.
41 II
74 21
1874. 6
6 02
7 41
E. A. Bowser
State Line, Longhouse Creek
41 12
74 21
1874. 6
7 14
853
Do.
Vernon
41 12
74 30
1887.8
06 41
7 27
N.J. Geol. Survey
Wawayanda Mines
41 13
74 24
1874. 6
5 09
6 48
E. A. Bowser
Deckertown
41 13
74 36
1887.8
7 29
8 15
N. J. Geol. Survey
a Locally d
sturbed area.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
20I
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to Jajitiary /, jgo2 — Continued.
NEW JERSEY— Continued
Station
Group II — Continued
Layton
Mount Salem
High Point
Montague
New York Boundary
Tri-State Rock
Lati- Longi-
tude ; tude
Date of
observa-
tion
41 13
41 19
41 19
41 19
41 20
41 21
74 50
74 37
74 40
74 48
74 38
74 42
1887.8
1887.8
1887.8
1887.8
1882.5
1887.8
Declina-
tion ob-
served
West
o /
7 18
7 39
7 50
7 13.5
852
7 50
Declina-
tion in
1902
West
o /
8 04
825
8 36
8 00
958
836
Observer or
authority
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
G.H.Blakeley
N. J. Geol. Surv'ey
NEW MEXICO
Group I
/
/
1
1
East
/
East
/
Deming
32 17
107 50
1888.90
12 46.3
12 20
J. B. Baylor
Carlsbad
32 26
104 15
1902.09
II 38.9
II 39
E. D. Preston
McMillan
32 40
104 22
1902. 10
;i 18.0
II 18
Do.
Hope
32 48
104 45
1902. 26
II 39. 2
II 40
Do.
Stegman
32 51
104 25
1902. 27
II 35.9
II 37
Do.
Alamogordo
Upper Penasco
32 54
105 59
1902. 21
II 59.3
J2 00
Do.
32 55
105 29
1902. 24
II 23.6 •
II 24
Do.
Lower Penasco
32 55
105 15
1902. 25
II 35. I
II 36
Do.
Tularosa
33 05
106 02
1902. 23
12 15.8
12 16
Do.
Hagerman
33 08
104 18
1902. 29
II 19.6
II 20
Do.
Mescalero
33 II
105 48
1902. 22
12 23.4
12 24
Do.
Picacho
33 21
105 09
1902. 15
II 46.8
II 47
Do.
Roswell
33 24
104 32
1902. 12
12 06.5
12 07
Do.
Lincoln
33 31
105 24
1902. 16
12 09.4
12 10
Do.
Capitan
33 35
105 35
1902. 18
12 22. 7
12 23
Do.
Campbell
33 37
104 15
1902. 14
II 41.0
II 41
Do.
Fort Craig
33 38
107 00
1899,96
12 28.0
12 24
J. A. Fleming
Carrizozo Ranch
33 42
105 53
1902. 20
12 31.4
12 32
E. D. Preston
White Oaks
33 46
105 44
1902. 19
12 40.0
12 40
Do.
Kenna
33 53
103 47
1902. 13
II 48.4
II 49
Do.
Socorro
34 05
106 53
1899.95
12 46.0
12 42
J. A. Fleming
Portales
34 12
103 20
1901. 93
II 25.8
II 26
E. D. Preston
Albuquerque
35 06
106 39
1899. 93
12 58. 5
12 54
T. A. Fleming
Grant
35 10
107 51
1899.94
14 17.5
14 13
Do.
Fort Wingate
35 29
108 32
1899.94
13 19.5
13 15
Do.
East Las Vegas
35 35
105 14
1899.97
12 47.4
12 43
Do.
Santa Fe
35 41
105 57
1899.92
12 33- 3
12 29
Do.
Fort Union
35 54
105 01
1888.87
13 25.0
12 54
J. B. Baylor
Springer
Clayton
36 22
104 36
1899.98
14 03. 3
1358
J. A. Fleming
36 27
103 10
1899.99
10 24. 1
10 19
Do.
Tres Piedras
36 42
105 57
1899.92
13 18.5
13 14
Do.
Lumberton
36 57
106 55
1899.91
13 41. 2
13 37
Do.
Group II
San Luis Springs
Mexican Boundary
31 20
108 48
1855.3
II 45
II 02
W. H. Emory
31 20
108 12
1892.5
12 03.0
II 43
J. F. Hayford
Do.
31 20
108 38
1892.5
II 53-6
II 34
Do.
Do.
31 20
108 52
1892. 6
12 14.0
II 54
Do.
Agua del Perro
31 21
108 20
1855. 3
II 58
II 15
W. H. Emory
Intersection Point
31 46
106 50
1855. 7
II 40
10 57
Do.
202
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
NEW MEXICO -Continued
Station
Group II — Continued
Initial Point
Mexican Boundary
Do.
Do.
Grant Count}', southwest
Carrizalillo
Grant County, southeast
Eddy County
Do.
Eddy County, southeast
Eddy County, southwest
Donna Ana County, SE.
Donna Ana County, \V.
Donna Ana
Fort Cumniings
Fort Selden
Hudson Hot Springs
Lliicohi County, southeast
Lincoln County, southwest
Apache Tejo
Eddy County
Do.
Eddy County, northwest
Grant County, northwest
Grant County, northeast
Copper Mines
Fort Bayard
Sierra County, south
Donna Ana County, NE.
Sierra County, north
San Francisco River
Water Hole
San Francisco River
Chaves County, southeast
Chaves County, southwest
Lincoln County, mid. east
Lincoln County, mid. west
Socorro County, southeast
San Francisco River
Fort Stanton
Socorro County, southwest
Socorro County, mid. south
Fort Tulerosa
Chaves County, northeast
Chaves Count v, northwest
Lincoln County, northeast
Lincoln County, northwest
Oak Spring
Socorro
Socorro County, northeast
Socorro County, northwest
Socorro County, mid. north
Initial Point, N. Mex. mer.
Fort Sumner
Guadaloupe County, SE.
Longi-
tude
32 05
32 10
32 22
32 27
32 29
32 33
• • • •
32 38
32 40
32 41
32 48
32 48
• • •
• • • •
• • • •
33 12
33 13
33 15
33 26
33 30
33 53
34 03
34 05
Date of
observa-
tion
106 28
107 22
107 44
108 12
31 51 ' 107 56
104 30
103 20
106 45
107 40
106 55
loS 00
108 08
103 30
104 44 !
108 04
108 09
108 52
108 46
108 52
108 55
105 32
a • •
108 30
34 17
34 25
108 55
106 53
106 50
T04 OvS
855-1
892.3
892.3
892.4
883
855.2
886
901.0
899.6
884
883
880
883
851.5
873.5
870. 4
878. 5
8S4
884
878.5
895.6
895.4
882
883
883
851.5
878. 5
885
882
882
873.5
873.5
873.5
882
880
880
873
881
873.5
878. 5
884
882
873.5
882
88r
882
881
873. 5
901. 2
869
882
881
855-3
\'-C^. I
1S.S2
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
O /
55
16.7
56.3
00. 7
21
02
21
33
45
1 32
2 00
2 27
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
I 08
25
07
29.8
39
30
43
06
42
I
I
2
2
I
2
2
2
2
3
3
2
I
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
2
35
54
33
37
22
56
48
28
50
31.4
30
51.7
28
16
22
40
18
49.3
24
58
43
17.7
13
30
34
42
34.7
28
53
18
13
45
3 45
2 18
Declina- '
tion in ,
1902 <
Observer or
authority
East
o /
II 12
9 57
36
I 41
I 47
I 20
I 51
I 31
t> 39
53
1 19
I 49
I 51
I 27
I 46
I 52
50
04
27
02
52
1 19
I 21
1 59
2 03
o 42
16
16
52
14
47
46
08
u 45
30
36
50
41
05
40
25
07
34
30
I 46
1 5J
2 00
I 51
26
06
42
36
02
45
35
W. H. Emory
J. F. Havford
Do.'
Do.
Mean, 34 stations
W. H. Emory
Mean, 22 stations
B. A. Nymever
Do'
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 36 stations
Mean, 40 stations
Mean, 57 stations
W. H. Emory
S. E.Tillman
Map of reservation
Engineer officer
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 1 1 stations
Engineer officer
B. A. Nymeyer
Do.
Mean, 32 stations
Mean, 43 stations
I Mean, 16 stations
W. H. Emory
Engineer officer
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 36 stations
Mean, 49 stations
R. L. Hoxie
Do.
Do.
Mean, 24 stations
Mean, 42 stations
Mean, 30 stations
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 50 stations
R. L. Hoxie
Engineer officer
Mean, 56 stations
Mean, 48 stations
R. L. Hoxie
Mean, 65 stations
Mean, 49 stations
Mean, 40 stations
Mean, 21 stations
R. L. Hoxie
F. A. Jones
Mean, 21 stations
Mean, 71 stations
Mean, 85 stations
Shinn
Mean, 45 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
203
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlyijig
territories redtcced to January 7, igo2 — Continued.
NEW MEXICO— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Dale of 1
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in 1
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Guadaloupe County, S\V.
• • •
• • • • •
1880
1236
II 50
Mean, 21 stations
\'alencia County
« • •
105 06
1881 ,
12 35
II 55
Mean, 44 stations
Do.
• • • •
106 07
1879 1
12 33
II 54
Mean, 22 stations
Estancia Ranch and Spring
34 45
106 04
1876. 5
12 43
II 57
Engineer officer
Antelope Spring
34 50
106 04
1875. 5
13 26
II 40
Do.
Isleta
34 54
106 40
1853. 8
13 13
12 23
J. C. Ives
Valencia County
• • •
T07 08
1881
13 20 !
12 43
Mean, 48 stations
Do.
• • • •
108 09
1882
13 28
12 52
Mean, 62 stations
Near Ojo Caliente
34 57
109 00
1873. 5
13 58. 2
13 14
R. L. Hoxie
Guadaloupe County, NE.
• • • •
• •
1879
12 24
II 36
Mean, 31 stations
Guadaloupe County, NW.
• • • •
• • • • •
1871
12 52
II 55
Mean, 35 stations
Rio San Jose
35 01
107 14
1853. 9
13 46
13 04
J. C. Ives
Cedar Forest
35 01
108 55
1853- 9
13 01
12 19
Do.
Agua Fria
35 02
107 58
1853. 9
13 25
12 43
Do.
Inscription Rock
35 03
108 14
1853- 9
12 57
12 15
Do.
Covero
35 05
107 26
1853- 9
13 49
13 07
Do.
Hay Camp
35 05
107 39
1853- 9
1356?
13 14
Do.
Zuni River
35 06
loS 39
1853. 9
13 24
12 42
Do.
Santa Fe County, south
• • • «
• • • «
1876
13 18
12 32
Mean, 13 stations
Nutria Springs
35 18
10833
1873- 5
14 16. 2
13 32
R. L. Hoxie
Fort Bascom
35 24
103 50
1856. 5
12 50
II 49
Bernalillo County, east
• • • •
1881
1306
12 26
Mean, 45 stations
San Miguel County, west
• • •
1875
13 15
12 23
Mean, 38 stations
»San Miguel County, middle
• « • •
1878
13 02
12 13
Mean, 24 stations
»San Miguel County, east
Bernalillo County, middle
• • • •
1877
12 52
12 02
Mean, 5 stations
• • •
1882
13 30
12 54
Mean, 37 stations
Bernalillo County, west
• • • •
1881
13 42
13 05
Mean, 23 stations
Magnetic Station
35 40
106 50
1855. 5
13 40
12 52
Santa Fe County, north
• » • •
1883
13 30
12 51
Mean, 8 stations
Union County, south
• • • •
1880
12 30
II 44
Mean, 57 stations
Mora River
35 59
105 19
1874. 5
14 40
13 47
C. E. Blunt
Mora County, east
• • • •
1881
13 23
12 39
Mean, 28 stations
Mora County, west
« • •
1882
13 42
12 59
Mean, 5 stations
Coyote Creek
36 08
105 14
1874.5
14 15
13 22
C. E. Blunt
Ocate River
36 10
105 00
. 1874. 5
14 15. 1
13 22
Do.
Embuda
36 II
105 58
1874. 5
13 15. 1
12 27
R. Birnie
Rio Arriba Countv, SB.
• • At
• • •
1882
13 34
12 54
Mean, 26 stations
Rio Arriba County, SW*
• • •
• • • •
1882
13 00
12 24
Mean, 9 stations
San Juan County, southeast
• • • •
• • • « •
1882
13 02
12 26
Mean, 21 stations
Abiquin
36 12
106 19
1874.5
13 54.0
1306
R. Birnie
Ojo Caliente Creek
36 17
106 02
1874. 5
13 15
12 27
Do.
Taos County
• • •
• • • «
1881
13 27
12 47
Mean, 20 stations
Colfax County, east
• « •
« • •
1882
13 33
12 50
Mean, 16 stations
Colfax County, west
• •
• • • • •
1 88 1
13 27
12 43
Mean, 3 stations
Union County, north
• • •
• « •
1880
12 34
II 48
Mean, 21 stations
\erme jo Creek
36 42
104 47
1874.5
14 30
13 37
C. E. Blunt
Tierra Amarilla
36 42
106 33
1873.5
13 42.4
12 53
W. L. Marshall
Rio Arriba County, NW.
• « • •
• • • «
1882
13 13
12 37
Mean, 21 stations
Rio Arriba County, XE.
> • • •
• * « • •
1882
13 47
13 07
Mean, 18 stations
San Juan County, NW.
• • •
• •
1881
1336
12 59
I station
San Juan County. NE.
• • • •
1881
13 12
12 35
Mean, 32 stations
Colorado Boundary
37 00
103 13
1868.6
12 55
II 51
E. N. Darling
Do.
37 00
103 42
1868. 6
13 20 .
12 18
Do.
Do.
37 00
104 08
1868. 6
13 27
12 27
Do.
Do.
37 00
104 38
1868.7
13 46
12 48
Do.
204
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
NEW MEXICO— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
/
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
1
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
East
/
East
/
Colorado Boundary
37 00
105 03
1868.''
13 52
12 56
F. N. Darling
Do.
37 00
105 07
1873. 5
14 01.3
13 07
W. L. Marshall
Do.
37 00
105 30
1868.7
13 47
12 53
E. N. Darling
Do.
37 00
105 58
1868.7
13 29
12 37
• Do.
Do.
37 00
106 23
1868.8
13 49
12 59
Do.
Do.
37 00
106 47
1868.8
14 00
13 12
Do.
Do.
37 00
107 35
1868.8
14 03
13 17
Do.
Do.
37 00
108 03
1868.9
14 04
13 20
Do.
• Do.
37 00
108 52
1868.9
14 06
•
13 25
Do.
NEW YORK
Group I
Cole
Far Rockaway
Fire Island, West Base
Howard
Mount Prospect
Babylon
Patchogue
W>st Hills
Legget
Riverside Park
Manhattanville, B. Asylum
West Hampton
Ruland
Oyster Bay
Sands Point
New Rochelle
Drowned Meadow
Lloyd Harbor
East Hampton
Sag Harbor
Port Chester
Duer
Montauk Point
Greenport
Buttermilk
Bald Hill
Carpenters R., Port Jervis
Cold Spring
Binghamton
Bath
Oxford
Ithaca
Albany
Sherburne
Otsego
Buffalo
Fenner
Hewlett
40 32
74 14
40 36
73 46
40 38
73 13
40 38
74 05
40 40
73 58
40 42
73 20
40 45
73 02
40 49
73 26
40 49
73 54
40 49
73 58
40 50
73 56
40 51
72 34
40 51
73 02
40 52
73 32
40 52
73 44
40 52
73 47
40 56
73 04
40 56
73 25
40 58
72 12
41 00
72 17
41 00
73 40
41 00
73 54
41 04
71 51
41 06
72 21
41 07
73 49
41 13
73 29
41 21
74 42
41 25
73 58
42 05
75 56
42 21
77 21
42 26
75 40
42 27
76 29
42 40
73 45
42 41
75 33
42 47
74 42
42 55
78 54
42 57
75 45
43 00
' 76 17
846. 35
875.59
860.66
840. 49
860.73
875.62
875. 58
865. 62
847.80
885.79
846.33
875.64
865.40
844.71
847. 77
844.69
845.70
844.71
875.64
860.68
844. 70
873.62
875.66
845.63
833. 47
833. 56
873. 47
855.66
888.50
862.61
885. 73
890.82
896.69
875. 67
882. 63
885.71
882. 76
883.66
EorW
o /
5
7
7
5
6
7
37.
12
45.
01
44.
35
6
5
6
6
8 00.
7 01.
5 41.
8 59.
5 09.
8 40
7 30.
6 50.
09.
29.
03.
II.
05.
27.
58.
37
45
14.
56
34
04.
34.
49.
47.
43.
3X.
W
W
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
8W
5
7
9
7
3
5
7
5
7
4
7
6
10 40.
7 49.
8 46.
5 04.
7 15.
7 47.
5
9
5
6
6
6
7
o
W
W
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
4W
w
w
8W^
oW
W
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
2
9
3
5
8
5
2
3
4
I
West,
o /
9 04
837
10 00
851
9 II
8 50
16
00
02
48
37
55
27
9
9
9
9
9
10 17
9 31
9
9
9
02
21
38
10 21
10 42
9 31
9 10
11 00
10
31
8
II
9 49
8
56
8
19
8
35
7 37
8
41
7
10
10
58
9
9
6
30
56
07
8 28
8 56
J.Locke
J. M. Poole
C. A. Schott
S. C. Rowan
C. A. Schott
J. M. Poole
Do.
E. Goodfellow
R. H. Fauntleroy
J. B. Baylor
J.Locke
J. M. Poole
E. Goodfellow
J. Renwick
R. H. Fauntleroy
J. Renw^ick
Do.
Do.
J. M. Poole
C. A. Schott
J. Renwick
J. H. Cook
J. M. Poole
J. Renwick
F. R. Hassler
Do.
E. Smith
C. A. Schott
J. B. Baylor
C. A. Schott
J.B.Baylor
Do.
R. L. Faris
J. M. Poole
J. B. Baylor
Do.
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
205
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories redticed to January /, igo2 — Continued.
NEW YORK— Continued
Station
Group I — Continued
Clinton
Clyde
Loomis
Pen Mount
Prospect
Mannsville
Pierrepont Manor
Potsdam
Rouse Point.
Date of
observa-
tion
Group II
Jamaica
Cold Spring, L. I.
East Hampton
Palisades, top of ridge
Tappan
Ramapo, top of High Tom
SloatsDurg
Liberty Corner
Unionville
North Salem
Monroe
Goshen
West Point
Kingston
Travis, near Initial Point
Finn, near milestone 20
Waverly, near milestone 60
New Pr. Line, milestone 82
Pa. Line. 109 >i m. w. of Del.
Pa. Line, i36>^m.W. of Del.
Pa. Line, 195^ m.W. of Del.
Madalin
Downsville
Binghamton
New Pr. Line, 6 m.
Ancram
Owego
New Pr. Line, Chemung R.
Elmira
Livingston
Holland Land Co.
Do.
New Pr. Line, 14 m.
Holland Land Co.
Belmont
Hudson
Holland Land Co.
Delhi
Mayville
Ellicottville
Holland Land Co.
Lampman
New Pr. Line, 23 5< m.
43 03
43 03
43 21
43 23
43 26
43 43
43 44
44 37
45 00
40 41
40 52
41 00
41 Q\
41 02
41 08
41 09
41 17
41 18
41 20
41 21
41 23
4T 25
41 54
42 00
42 00
42 00
42 00
42 00
42 00
42 00
42 03
42 03
42 05
42 05
42 06
42 06
42 07
42 08
42 10
42 10
42 10
42 12
42 13
42 13
42 15
42 15
42 15
42 16
42 18
42 19
42 20
42 20
75 24
76 52
76 17
75 16
73 45
76 03
76 03
75 00
73 21
73 48
73 28
72 12
73 55
73 57
74 09
74 II
74 31
74 34
73 34
74 II
74 19
73 56
74 00
75 21
75 46
76 32
76 58
77 28
78 05
79 09
73 54
74 59
75 56
76 58
73 37
76 16
76 58
76 49
73 47
78 15
78 23
7658
78 09
7805
73 48
78 22
74 57
79 31
78 44
79 08
73 48
7658
874.82
883.72
882.86
882.64
882.60
884.44
874.80
874. 79
879.75
835.5
897.2
834.8
887.8
887.8
883.6
874.6
874.6
874.6
843-5
859.5
900.4
835.7
893
882.6
877.8
877.6
795.5
787. 5
787.5
787.5
878.0
890.5
895
795.5
853.5
895
795.5
899
888.5
798.5
798.5
795-5
799.0
900.0
888.5
798.5
884.0
874.6
841.6
798.5
880.7
)95.5
Declina-
tion ob-
ser\'ed
EorW
o /
8 05. 5 W
7 04. 4 W
8 10. oW
8 32. 2 W
10 50. 8 W
50. 9 W
II. 9 W
25. 1 W
I W
6
6
9
13 39
4 00 W
9 26. 4 W
6 08 W
9
7
9
7
6
6
6
6
9
7
7
5
2
I
o
o
02
57
20
42
45
03
00
38
8 20
6 32
40
30
22
31
07
52
45
55
8 46
7 42
7
I
7
7
2
7
9
I
I
2
50
35
39
15
05
45
31
09
01
40
W
W
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
51.5 W
6 00 W
o 31 W
1 12 W
7 30. 5 W
2 15. o W
2 35. 7 W
o 45 E
9 22 W
I 55.5 w
Declina-
tion in
1902
West
/
9 50
8 13
9 23
9 42
12 01
7 57
8 00
II 10
15 01
8 08
9 38
10 08
9 50
8 45
10 22
9 24
8 27
7 45
9 46
9 33
825
II 00
10 05
8 40
853
7 06
7 30
7 04
556
6 06
10 10
8 20
8 12
6 58
10 50
7 37
7 28
7 53
10 13
6 35
6 27
8 03
6 19
6 06
10 13
6 38
835
4 08
653
4 41
10 35
7 18
Observer or
authority
T. C. Hilgard
J. B. Bavlor
Do?
Do.
Do.
J. B, Boutelle
T. C. Hilgard
Do.
J. B. Baylor
Regents* Report
E. Jones
Regents' Report
N. J. Geol. Sur\'ey
Do.
A. A. Titsworth
E. A. Bowser
Do.
Do.
T. B. Brooks
V. K. Mills
C. DaWs
E. B. Codwise
H. W. Clarke
Do.
Do.
B. Ellicott
De Witt & others
Do.
Do.
G. Cooke
E. W. Lindsley
County survevor
B. Ellicott
J.T. Hogeboom
Asa Stanton
B. Ellicott
A. McConnel
R.Hood
A. Parter
J. Smedley
B. Ellicott
Atwater & Benton
L. Gorton
R.Hood
J. Smedley
E. W. Lindsley
F. E. Hilgard
A. D. Bacne
A. Atwater
J. T. Gardner
B. Ellicott
2o6
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the niost recent magfietic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, i^z — Continued.
NEW YORK— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude '
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
EorW '
/ 1
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group II — Continued
1
1
/
/
West
/
Holland Land Co.
42 20
78 40
1799-5
I 27
W
6 55
A. Atwater
Westfield
42 20 i
79 36
1875. 7
3 11
W
4 58
F. M. Towar
Bath
42 21 \
77 21
1879. 5
5 16
w
6 46
H. F. De Puy
Guilford
42 23 1
75 29
■1838.5
4 30
w^
855
Fredonia
42 26
79 22
1895
4 50
w
5 13
County surveyor
Ithaca
42 27
76 29
1895
658
w
7 20
City engineer
Old Kana-andoa
42 27
78 00
1798.5
I 00
w
6 26
A. Parter
New Pr. Line, 3i>^ m.
42 28
76 58
1795.5
2 10
w
7 33
B. Ellicott
Dunkirk
42 29
79 21
1850.6
I 20
w
5 01
R. R. engineer
Norwich
42 30
75 30
1897.0
9 05
w
9 21
E. F. Musson
Holland Land Co.
42 30
78 06
1798.5
I 08
w
6 34
A. Atwater
Do.
42 31
79 03
1798.5
51
E
4 35
Do.
New Pr. Line, 37 m.
42 32
7658
1795.5
I 45
W
7 08
B. Ellicott
Cass
42 34
73 59
1877. 9
. 8 45
w
10 15
J. T. Gardner
Clarksville
' 42 34
73 58
1877.9
8 45
w
10 15
Do.
Milo
42 35
77 02
1878.5
7 15
w
8 50
Do.
New Pr. Line, 41 >^ m.
42 36
7658
1795.5
2 20
w
7 43
B. Ellicott
Gorham Purchase
42 36
78 03
1798.5
52
w
6 18
G. Burgess
Summit
42 36
74 35
' 1877.9
i 845
w
10 16
J. T. Gardner
Holmes
42 38
74 31
1877.9
9 00
w
10 31
Do.
Slingerlands
Helderberg
42 38
73 52
1877.9
8 45
w
10 16
Do.
> 4238
74 01
1877.7
8 45
w
10 17
Do.
Homer
42 38
76 II
1840. 8
5 05
w
9 23
Regents' Report
Gardeau Reservation
42 38
77 51
1798.7
; I 35
w
7 02
A. Parter
Holland Land Co.
42 39
78 13
1799-5
; 27
w
5 55
J. Dewey
Do.
42 39
78 23
1798.5
I 54
w
7 20
J. Smedley
Penn Yan
42 40
77 05
1887.4
7 17.5 W
8 08
Billinger, Sterling
New Pr. Line, 47X m.
42 41
76 58
1795.5
2 00
w
7 23
B. Ellicott
Mann
42 41
74 19
1877.9
9 00
w
10 31
J. T. Gardner
Knowersville
42 42
74 02
1877. 9
8 45
w
10 16
Do.
Holland Land C
42 43
78 13
1798.5
37
w
6 03
A. Atwater
Hamburg
42 43
78 49
1892.5
3 30
\v
4 04
E. S. Nott
Troy
42 43
73 40
1901. 1
II 02
w
II 08
E. R. Cary
J.T.Gardner
Sears
42 44
74 15
1877. 9
9 15
w
10 46
Winn
42 44
74 02
1877. 9
9 00
w
10 31
Do.
Warsaw
42 44
78 10
1895
5 15
w
538
County surveyor
Niskayuna
42 46
73 50
1877. 9
: 9 45
w
11 15
J. T. Gardner
Freleigh
42 47
73 47
1877. 9
! 9 30
w
II 00
Do.
Conover
42 47
74 17
1877. 9
9 30
w
II 00
Do.
Chapman
42 47
74 13
1877. 9
8 30
w
10 00
Do.
Oak Ridge
42 47
74 19
18S0.8
9 16
w
10 34
Do.
Cherry Valley
42 48
74 '47
1839.6
5 13
w
9 31
Regents' Report
Schenectady
42 49
73 55
1859. 2
7 57. <
6W
10 48
1 T. B. Brooks
Hamilton
42 49
75 34
1S37. 8
4 30
w
8 58
Regents' Report
Holland Land Co.
42 50
78 19
1799.5
20
w
5 48
J. Dewev
Do.
42 51
78 n
1799-5
I 05
w
633
Do.'
New Pr. Line, 60 m.
42 52
7658
1795.5
I 45
w
7 08
B. Ellicott
Geneva
42 52
76 59
1833.8
3 49
w
832
Regents' Report
Cooks Pt., Canandaigua L.
42 52
77 17
1888.4
657.
7 W
7 54
Dowling, Hayford
Canajoharie
42 53
74 35
1839- 8
6 05
w
TO 26
Regents' Report
Vanetten
42 54
74 00
1877. 9
10 15
w
10 46
J. T. Gardner
Fort Erie
42 54
78 59
1839- 5
1 15
w
6 40
Chart
Reman
42 54
74 36
1880.8
9 10
w
TO 28
J. T. Gardner
Cazenovia
42 55
75 51
1843. 5
3 52
w
7 57
Regents' Report
Auburn
42 55
76 33
1833. 8
1 3 43
w
825
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
207
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, 1^2 — Continued.
NEW YORK— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Tassel
New Pr. Line, 65 m.
Hoxsie
Ostrander
Strawberry Island
Yule
Clapp
Wiflett
Nellis
Seeley
Green
Getman
Shoemaker
Johnstown
Cossitt
Grand Island
Vedder
Eagle
Tanner
Cranston
Herkimer
Prospect
Eaton
Little Falls
Merrv
Kirkville
Bulger
Utica
Tonawanda Reservation
Tonawanda
Niagara Palls
Conastota
Allis
Jackson
Collamer
Davison
Suspension Bridge
Barto
Rochester
Gorham Purchase
Orleans County
Schuyler
Williams
New Pr. Line, L. Ontario
Lockport
Lockport to Olcott
Rome
High Dune
Vienna
Jerseyfield Lake
Charlotte
Great Sodus Bay
Pultneyville
Lyon Point
Holland Land Company
Lati-
tude
42 56
42 56
42 56
42 57
42 57
42 57
42 58
42 58
42 59
42 59
42 59
42 59
43 00
43 00
43 00
43 00
43 01
43 01
43 01
43 01
43 02
43 02
43 02
43 03
43 03
43 04
43 04
43 04
43 04
43 04
43 04
43 04
43 05
43 t^
43 t)6
43 06
43 07
43 08
43 08
43 08
43 09
43 io
10
10
10
14
14
^5
15
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43 16
43 '6
43 16
43 16
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
43
43
16
16
75 19
7658
76 23
74 48
7855
74 54
76 02
74 42
74 37
76 22
76 02
75 02
74 54
74 23
76 12
79 01
74 39
75 55
76 34
75 46
74 57
75 27
75 33
74 52
75 10
75 56
75 40
75 12
78 22
7856
79 04
75 44
75 48
75 02
76 04
76 17
79 03
74 53
77 39
78 01
78 16
75 07
75 13
7658
78 44
78 45
75 28
75 04
75 41
74 44
77 36
7658
77 II
77 26
78 43
879.6
795-5
878.6
880.7
875.5
879.6
878.6
880.7
880.8
878.6
878.6
879.6
879.6
818.9
878.6
875.6
880.7
878.6
878.5
879.5
879.6
879.5
879.5
880.7
879.6
879.5
879.5
900.6
799- I
875.6
874.6
879.5
879.5
879.6
879- 5
878.6
875.5
879.6
893
798.5
888.9
879.6
879.6
795.5
895
900. o
879.5
883.6
879.5
883.5
894.5
894.4
875.4
875-4
799.5
Declina-
tion ob-
served
EorW
o /
8 09
2 05
6 50
9 06
3 59
857
7 12
8 43
9 26
5 50
6 59
825
8 08
6 02
46
58
08
17
49
16
8 28
835
7 56
7 21
8 38
7 03
7 16
10 07
6
2
9
7
3
7
I
3
3
7
7
6
2
9
6
I
6
30
50
37.
24
39
8 25
7 20
34
24
31
42
02
04
8 56
8 58
2 10
4 05
5 30
7 52
9 27
8 24
8 50.
6 48
II 30
5 23
6 04
o 30
W
W
W
W
W
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
1 w
w
w
w
\v
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
5W
w
w
w
w
w
Declina-
tion in
1902
West
o /
9 32
7 28
8 21
10 24
5 48
10 20
843
10 01
10 44
7 21
8
9
9
II
8
4
30
48
31
27
17
46
10 26
8 48
5 20
8 42
9 51
10 00
9 21
839
10 01
8 29
8 42
10 II
6
57
5
38
5
30
8
50
9 05
9
48
8
46
8
05
4
13
10
54
7
13
6 28
6
53
10
19
10
21
7
33
4
28
5
36
9
18
10
33
9 50
9 57
7
16
II
57
7
12
7
53
5
57
Observer or
authority
J. T. Gardner
B. Ellicott
J. T. Gardner
Do.
F. Terry
J. T. Gardner
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Regents' Report
J. T. Gardner
A. C. Lamson
J. T. Gardner
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
E. D. Rich
J. Thompson
A. C. Lamson
F. E. Hilgard
J. T. Gardner
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
F. M. Towar
J. T. Gardner
J. Y. McClintock
G. Burgess
D. D. Waldo
J.T.Gardner
Do.
B. Ellicott
County surveyor
R. R. engineers
J. T. Gardner
V. Colvm
J.T.Gardner
V. Colvin
Wm. P. Judson
Do.
Do.
F. TeiTy
S. Benton, jr.
208
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States a^id outlying
territories reduced to January 7, jgo2 — Continued.
NEW YORK— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
EorW
/
West
/
Niagara River, mouth
43 16
79 04
1875. 5
3 41 W
5 30
F. M. Towar
Luzerne
43 17
73 50
1883. 6
10 55 W
12 01
V. Colvin
6 m, W. of Little Sodus
43 18
76 49
1874.8
6 50 W
8 41
J. Eisenmann
East Porter
43 18
7855
1875- 4
3 16 W
5 05
Do.
Wilson
43 19
78 50
1873- 4
338 w
538
Wm. P. Judson
Little Sodus
43 19
76 43
1875. 5
635 w
8 24
Do.
Services Patent, NE. cor.
43 20
75 05
1899.6
10 II. I w
10 18
State surveyor
Morehouseville
43 20
74 45
1883.6
8 23 W
9 29
V. Colvin
Braddock Point
43 20
78 43
1875. 4
4 48? W
6 37
A. C. Lamson
Olcott Harbor
43 20
78 43
1875.5
3 40 W
5 29
Do.
Lake Ontario
43 21
78 01
1799.5
I 00 W
6 27
Oak Orchard
43 22
78 12
1875. 5
3 46 W
5 35
F. Terry
Stony Creek
South of Thurman
43 23
73 51
1883.6
II 10 W
12 16
V. Coh-in
43 24
73 50
1883.6
II 30 W
12 36
Do.
Piseco Lake
43 24
74 33
1883.6
II 01 w
12 07
Do.
Meyer Hill
43 26
75 04
1883.5
7 00 W
807
Dc.
Thurman
43 27
73 48
1883.6
II 20 W
12 26
Do.
Oswego
43 28
76 31
1875. 5
6 32 W
8 21
Wm. P. Jndson
Beekman Corner
43 29
74 46
1900.5
9 53. 4 W
• • • •
Do.
Warrensburg, near
43 30
73 44
1883.6
II 00 W
12 06
V. Colvin
Herkimer-Hamilton coun-
43 32
74 47
1900.5
10 12 w
10 17
C. H. Flanigan,
ties
mean, 24 stations
The Glen
43 33
73 51
1883.6
1307 w
14 13
V. Colvin
Port Ontario
43 34
76 12
1874. 7
8 09 W
9 57
F. M. Towar
Johnsburg
43 36
73 57
1883. 6
10 42 W
II 48
V. Colvin
West Canada Lakes
43 36
74 36
1772. 5
6 54. 2 W
II 57
Horicon
43 36
73 45
1883.6
10 32 W
II 38
Do.
Gommer Hill
43 37
75 26
1883.5
8 52 W
10 02
Do.
Starbuckville
4338
73 45
1883.6
10 32 W
II 38
Do.
Riverside
43 38
73 52
1883.6
9 55 W
II 01
Do.
Herkimer-Hamilton coun-
43 38
74 48
1900.5
10 41 W
10 46
C. H. Flanigan,
ties
mean, 36 sta.
Schroon Lake, near outlet
43 41
7348
1883.6
9 46 w
10 52
V. Colvin
Sandv Creek
43 42
76 12
1874- 7
7 50 W
9 39
F. Terry
Herkimer-Hamilton coun-
43 47
74 48
1900.6
10 43 W
10 47
C. H. Flanigan,
ties
mean, 34 sta.
Lowville
43 48
75 30
1821.5
4 30 W
9 49
J. Clark
Stony Creek
43 49
76 16
1874. 7
8 23 W
10 12
}. Eisenmann
North Creek
43 50
73 58
1883.6
II 34 W
12 40
V. Colvin
Big Moose Lake
43 51
74 49
1900.6
10 41 W
10 45
Wm. P. Judson
Stony Island
43 52
76 20
1874. 5
6 18 W
8 08
J. Eisenmann
Snowshoe Bay
43 53
76 14
1874. 7
7 20 W
9 09
Do.
Herkimer-Hamilton coun-
43 54
74 49
1900.7
10 20 W^
10 24
C. H. Flanigan,
ties
mean. 33 sta.
Gallop Island
43 54
76 25
1874. 6
7 28 w
9 17
J. Eisenmann
Crown Point
43 55
73 27
1838. 5
8 47 W
13 07
Regents' Report
Sackett's Harbor
43 57
76 08
1895.5
9 59 W
10 21
Wm. P. Judson
Peninsula Point
43 58
76 16
1874. 7
8 17 W
10 06
J. R. Mayer
Herkimer-Hamilton coun-
44 01
74 49
1900.7
II 05 W
II 09
C. H. Flanigan,
ties
mean, 32 sta.
Near the mountain
44 01
73 50
1838,5
8 16 W
12 36
Geological Report
West Moriah
44 01
73 41
1838. 5
7 01 W
II 21
Do.
Le Royville
44 01
75 44
1826. 4
5 45.0 W
10 48
Crown Point
44 02
73 25
1879. 5
9 37. 3 W
10 51
V. Colvin
Small Pond
44 03
73 37
1838. 5
7 18 W
II 39
Geological Report
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
209
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the Uyiited States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, IQ02 — Continued.
NEW YORK— Continued
Station
Group //^—Continued
East Moriah
Cedar Point
Mount Dix
Bald Peak
Litchfield Park
Mount Marcy
Jefferson County
Keene Valley
Clear Pond
Mount Hurricane
Moosehead Mountain
Elizabethtown
Plessis
Upper Saranac Lake
Alexandria Bay
Dial Mountain
Wellesley Island
Whiteface Mountain
Rossie
Picnic Island
Bog Mountain
St. Regis Lake
St. Regis Mountain
Raquette River
Keeseville
Mount Azure
Chippewa Point
Colton Village
Oak Point, 2 miles NE.
Norway Mountain
Ogdensburg, 4 miles SW.
Lyon Mountain
Ragged Lake
Plattsburg
Rand Hill
La Motte
Malone
West Chazy
Goose Neck Island
St. Regis, Indian Village
Champlain
Massena Point
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
1
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
E or W
Declina-
tion in
1902
West
Observer or
authoritv
1
/
/ 1
1
/
/
44 03
73 31
1838.5 !
10 10 W
14 30
Geological Report
44 03
73 29
1838.5
9 28 W^
13 48
Do.
44 05
73 47
1879. 5
9 57.6 W
II 12
V. Colvin
44 06
73 29
1879- 5
" 59-3 W
13 13
Do.
44 07
74 28
1898.5 )
10 58 W
II 09
W. G. Raymond
44 07
73 55
1879.5
10 42.5 W
12 00
V. Colvin
44 09
75 37
1794.6
2 40 W
8 12
P. Pharoux
44 10
73 46
1883. 5
8 02.6 W
9 09
V. Colvin
44 10
73 57
1883.7
9 50 W
10 56
Do.
1 44 14
73 42
1879.5
9 09. 2 W
10 24
Do.
44 14
7438
1883.6
9 24 w
10 30
Do.
' 44 15
73 36
1900.0
12 58 W
13 04
J. W. Steele
! 44 16
75 55
1858.4
7 35 W
10 40
J. Clark
44 19
74 15
1883.6
10 47 W
II 53
V. Colvin
44 20
75 56
1872. 7
7 00 W
8 58
A. C. Lamson
44 21
73 49
1838. 5
8 20. 5 W
12 45
Geological Report
44 21
76 01
1873.6
8 35 W
10 29
F. M. Towar
44 22
73 54
1879. 5
10 59. 6 W
12 23
V. Colvin
44 22
75 43
1839.5
6 43 W
10 07
A. Hopkins
F. M. Towar
44 22.
75 52
1872.8
7 56 W
9 46
44 23
74 44
1883.6
5 57 W
7 03
V. Colvin
44 24
74 14
1883.6
10 II W
1 II 17
Do.
44 24
74 20
1879. 5
TO 31 W
II 54
Do.
44 25
1 74 45
1883.6
10 07 W
II 13
Do.
44 28
73 32
1838. 5
8 40 W
13 ^
Geological Report
44 28
74 28
1883.7
9 39 W
10 45
V. Colvin
44 29
75 46
1872.6
7 42 w
9 34
F. M. Towar
44 32
74 54
1883.6
9 34 W
10 40
V. Colvin
44 32
75 43
1872.6
II 00 W
12 52
A. C. Lamson
44 34
73 41
1879. 5
12 16. oW
13 39
V. Colvin
1 44 40
75 33
1871.8
9 36 W
1 II 35
A. C. Lamson
44 42
73 52
1879. 5
12 26.5 W
13 50
V. Colvin
44 42
, 74 00
1883.7
I 14 58 w
16 04
Do.
44 45
73 24
1870. 8
' 10 52 W
12 50
J. L. Gillespie
44 46
73 36
1879. 5
II 20.3 w
12 40
V. Colvin
44 50
73 25
1879.5
13 21. 6 W
1 14 40
Do.
44 50
74 15
1883.6
12 28 W
13 34
Do.
44 52
73 25
1838.5
9 21 W
13 41
Geological Report
44 55
75 07
1871.4
9 39 W
II 40
A. C. Lamson
44 59
74 39
1883.7
10 30 W
II 36
V. Colvin
45 00
73 26
1838.5
9 30 w
13 50
Geological Report
45 00
74 46
1871.5
10 37 W
12 37
A. C. Lamson
1
NORTH CAROLINA
Group I
Southport
Wilmington
Lake Waccamaw
Whiteville
Fair Bluff
/
/
33 55
78 01
34 14
77 57
34 18
7833
34 19
78 42
34 19
79 01
27478 — 02 14
1898. 59
1898. 58
1891.36
1899. 90
1891.36
E or
o /
W
I
I
o
I
o
50. 4 W
50. 2 W
41.2 w
43. 8 W
36. 5 W
Eor W
59 W
59 W
12 W
50 W
07 W
J. B. Baylor
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
2IO
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and ouUyhig
territories reduced to January 7, jgo2 — Continued.
NORTH CAROLINA— Continued
1
Lati- 1
tude
Longi-
tude '
Date of
1
Declina-
Declina-
Station
observa-
tion ob-
tion in
tion
ser\'ed
1902
Group /—Continued
/
/
EorW
/
Eor W
/
Burgaw
34 32
77 55
1899.52
I 28.8 W
I 36 W
Elizabethtown
34 36
78 32
1899. 89
I 37. 8 W
I 44W
Lumberton
34 36
7858
1899.88
I 12.0W
I 18 W
Beaufort
34 43
76 40
1898.31
2 36. 3 W
2 46W
Jacksonville
34 44
77 22
1898.56
2 28. 8 W
2 38W
Laurinburg
34 47
79 28
1899.86
I 20. 6 W
I 27 w
Rockingham
34 54
79 46
1899-57
I 24. W
I 31 w
Kenansville
34 58
77 58
1899.51
I 37.0 w
I 44 W
Wadesboro
3458
80 04
1900.40
00.9 E
04 W
Monroe
3458
80 34
1899.58
15.8 W
23 w
Warsaw
34 59
7805
1891.39
I 34-9W
2 06W
Clinton
35 00
78 19
1899.50
I 33.3 w
I 40 w
Hayesville
35 02
83 49
1900.71
I 04.5.E
I 01 E
Fayetteville
35 03
78 52
1899.41
I 41. 7 W
I 49 W
Portsmouth Island
35 04
76 03
1871.25
2 22.0 W
4 04 W
Trenton
35 04
77 21
1900.85
2 54.6 w
2 58W
Murphy
Newbern
35 05
84 03
1898.73
2 18.2 E
2 08E
35 07
77 03
1898.52
2 46.6 w
2 56W
Bayboro
3508
76 45
1898. 53
2 43. 2 W
2 53 W
Franklin
35 II
83 23
1898. 74
I 36.3 E
I 26 E
Charlotte
35 13
80 51
1899.61
23. 5 W
31 W
Brevard
35 14
82 44
1898.78
27. 8 E
18E
Columbus
35 15
82 10
1900.77
005.5 W
loW
Kinston
35 16
77 35
1899. 38
I 50. 9 W
I 58 W
Cape Hatteras L. H.
35 16
75 32
1898.45
3 53.0 W
4 03 W
Shelby
35 17
81 33
1899.65
05. 4 W
13W
Dallas
35 19
81 13
1900. 78
06. 2 w
loW
Hendersonville
35 19
82 28
1900. 76
08.4 w
12 W
Carthage
35 20
79 25
1899-55
I 16. 2 W
I 23 W
Robbinsville
35 20
83 47
1900. 70
I 41.8 E
I 38 E
Webster
35 21
83 14
1898. 76
X 43- oH
I 33 E
Lillington
35 22
7847
1899.92
I 59- 4 W
2 05 W
Troy
35 22
79 52
1899-77
I 26. 3 W
I 32 w
Albemarle
35 22
80 12
1900.82
I 10. 1 W
I 14 W
Rutherfordton
35 22
81 57
1899.64
15.6 W
23 W
Goldsboro
35 23
77 59
1899.40
I 50. 3 W
I 57 W
Swanquarter
35 24
76 19
1898.46
1899-65
3 18. 9 W
3 28 W
Concord
35 24
80 35
2 48. 8 W
2 56 W
Bryson City
35 25
83 27
1898. 71
55. 5 E
45 H
Snowhill
35 28
77 37
1899.48
3 26. W
3 33W
Lincolnton
35 28
81 16
1899.61
35. 8 W
43 W
Waynesville
35 30
8259
1900.69
38. 8 E
35E
Smithfield
35 32
78 21
1899- 43
56. 8 W
ro4W
Washin^on
35 33
77 03
1898.48
2 44. W
2 54W
Chicamicomico
35 35
75 28
1898.44
3 52. 3 W
4 02 W
Asheville
35 35
82 32
1898.67
13. 4 E
03 E
Greenville
35 36
77 22
1898.50
2 33. 5 W
2 43W
Salisbury
35 39
80 32
1898. 63
038.5W
48 W
Newton
35 40
81 13
1900.79
15. 6 W
20 W
Marion
35 40
82 01
1898.64
53. 6 W
I 04 W
Ashboro
35 42
79 49
1899.75
I 58. 8 W
2 05 W
Pittsboro
35 43
79 II
1899.54
2 35. W
2 41 W
Wilson
35 44
77 55
1899-37
I 59. 6 W
2 07 W
Morganton
35 44
81 41
1900.67
27. 7 W
32 w
Statesville
35 47
8053
1899.67
50. 5 W
58W
Obser\''er or
authority
J. B. Baylor
Do.
Do.
C. C. Yates
J. B. Baylor
Do.
Do.
Do.
G. R. Putnam
J. B. Baylor
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
A. T. Mosman
J.B.Baylor
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
211
Tabu of the most recent tnagtietic declinaiions observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igoz — Continued.
NORTH CAROLINA— Continued
Station
Group /—Continued
Marshall
Bodies Island
Jamesville
Raleigh
Sand Island
Williamston
Lexington
Plymouth
Mocksville
Tarboro
Chapelhill
Lenoir
Bumsville
Manteo
Columbia
Ta^lorsville
Windsor
Rockyinount
Nashville
Bakers ville
Louisburg
Durham
Poore
Shellbank
Edenton
Hillsboro
Graham
Greensboro
Stevenson Point
Winston-Salem
Roan Hi^h Bluff
Yadkinville
Wilkesboro
Hertford
Boone
Elizabeth City
Oxford
Camden
Halifax
Henderson
Gatesville
Jackson
Roxboro
Winton
Warrenton
Yanceyville
Wentworth
Jefferson
Danburv
Currituck
W^eldon
Mountairy
Sparta
Nottaway R., Riddicksville
N. C. and Va. B. , Knott Id.
N. C. and Va. bound»y , NW.
Lati-
tude
/
35 47
35
48
35
48
35
48
35 50
35 50
35 50
35 52
35 53
35 54
35
54
35 54
35 54
35 55
35
55
35
55
35
56
35
56
35
58
36
01
36
03
36
03
36
03
36
04
36
04
36
04
36 04
36 04
36
06
36
06
36
06
36
08
36
09
36
II
36
13
36
18
36
18
36
19
36
19
36
22
36
23
36
23
36
23
36
24
36
24
36
24
36
24
36
24
36
26
36 27
36
27
36
30
36
31
36
32
36
33
36
33
Longi-
tude
82 40
75 32
76 52
7836
75 40
77 02
80 16
76 44
80 34
77 37
79 03
81 32
82 17
75 40
76 15
81 10
76 59
77 48
77 58
82 09
78 19
78 55
81 09
75 44
76 36
Ifi 05
79 24
79 49
76 II
80 15
82 09
80 39
81 09
76 28
81 41
76 13
7838
76 12
77 38
78 22
76 48
77 29
7859
76 59
78 09
79 22
79 47
81 28
80 12
76 01
7738
80 37
81 09
76 56
75 56
76 12
Date of I
observa- 1
tion I
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
EorW EorW
898
846
891
899
876
899
900
898
900
899
898
900
900-
898
899
900
898
900
899
900
899
898
895
847
898
898
899
899
847
899
894
900
899
899
900
898
898
900
899
899
899
899
898
899
898
900
899
900
900
898
887
899
900
887
887
886
69
99
44
44
08
93
83
36
81
34
23
66
73
44
26
80
37
41
36
74
95
27
68
24
38
28
97
73
10
69
81
61
71
25
65
40
32
88
33
94
28
31
30
29
34
58
74
64
60 I
41 '
24
70 ;
62 I
17
06
99
o •/
14.6 E
1 13.
2 09
2 27
3
o
3
I
3
I
o
o
4
4
o
4
2
I
05
04
26
18
33
28
36
01
22
01
36
29
30
42
o 40
2 24
18
25
44
29
03
02
I
o
I
3
2
2
o 50
I
I
o
I
o
3
o
4
2
4
2
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
I
o
2
4
2
I
o
2
3
2
39
42
33
02
29
15
39
14
00
21
00
32
45
II
II
15
25
00
57
43
23
46
30
13
39
30
33
54
.2W
. I W 1
.'3W '
.9W
.9W
.3W
.2W
.6W
•5W
.3B
.2W
.1 W
.. 6 W
1.6 W
..2 W
.2 W
.. 8 W^
.1 W
.9 W
.7 w
.8 W
.2 W^
.9W
.9W
►.3W
1.6 W
.9W
».4E
.6 W
1.7 w
.1 W
I.7W
.4W
••5 W
.9W
.0 W
.oW
.2 W
.1 W
.4W
.8 W
.2 W
.oW
.7 W
. I W
. I W
. I W^
.8 W
.oW
.9W
.1 W
.2 W
.oW^
o 04 E
4 25W
2 40W
2 34W
4 23 W
3 II W
08 W
3 37 W
1 22 W
3 40 W
1 39 W
o 41 W
o 03 W
4 32W
4 08 W
41 W
4 40 W
2 35 W
1 49 W
45 W
2 30 W
1 30 W
o 46 W
456W
3 39 W
2 15 W
2 08 W
56 W
451W
1 50 W
II E
1 07 W
o 37 W
3 22 W
o 44 W
4 24 W
2 II W
4 25 W
2 07 W
2 37 W
3 52 W
3 18 W
2 22 W
3 23 W
2 35 W
2 04 W
2 04 W
47 W
2 27 W
456W
3 15W
1 19 W
o 44 W
3 15W
4 18 W
3 40 W
Observer or
authority
J. B. Baylor
C. O. Boutelle
J. B. Baylor
Do.
E. Smith
J. B. Baylor
Do. .
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do. •
Do.
Do.
Do.
J. A. Fleming
J. B. Baylor
Do.
Do.
Do.
A. H. Buchanan
Boutelle, Davidson
J. B. Baylor
Do.
Do.
Do.
C. O. Boutelle
J. B. Baylor
A. H. Buchanan
J. B. Baylor
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
C. H. Sinclair
Do.
Do.
212
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic decimations observed in the United States and outlving
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
NORTH CAROLIXA—Continued
Station
i I roup II
Red Springs
Sladesville
Wimble Shoals
Rolesville
Ellendale
Coinjock
Lati-
tude
34 51
35 26
35 34
35 54
35 54
36 18
Longi-
tude
79 12
76 28
75 24
78 29
81 16
76 00
Date of
obseri'a-
tion
1901
1901.5
173S.5
1895
1896
1874
Declina-
tion ob-
served
E or W
o /
I 20
3 28
4 00
1 30
o 45
2 45
W
\V
\v
w
E
w
Declina-
tion in
1902
E or W
/
1 22 \V
3 29 W
I 49 w
o 30 E
4 15 W
Observer or
authority
J. E. Purcell
J. H. Wahab
Countv sur\-evor
Do.
Do.
NORTH DAKOTA
Group I
Bismarck, C. H. Grounds
.Jamestown
Dickinson
Williston
Rugby
Pembina
Group II
Sargent County
Dickey County
Mcintosh County
Emmons County
Richland County
Hettinger County
Lisbon
Ransom County
Lamoure County
Logan County
Morton County
Billings County
Stark County
Fargo
Cass County
Barnes County
Stutsman County
Kidder County
Burleigh County
Oliver County
Williams County
Dunn County
Mercer County
Carrington
Foster County
Near Fort Berthold
McLean County
Griggs County
Steele County
Traill County
Sheridan County
Wells County .
New Rockford
46 48
46 54
46 54
48 09
48 22
48 58
46 26 97 40
46 53 96 47
47 27
47 28
100 47
98 43
102 44
103 38
99 56
97 14
lOI
47 41
99 07
50
1890
1896
1896
1896
1896
1896
58
43
44
52
53
54
99 08
882
883
884
884
873
891
892
878
881
883
884
885
883
898.7
874
875
875
878
88r
882
887
884
885
898.6
883
860.5
883
881
878
874
886
885
898.6
East
o /
15 14.9
12 27.5
16 II. 7
16 57-7
13 43. 8
II 20.0
East
o /
2
3
4
5
3
6
47
27
ID
16
21
08
30
19
41
32
6 01
655
53
03
30
37
38
57
II
56
04
45
50
00
16
58
15
30
25
34
32
32
22
4
2
5
6
3
o
33
03
53
39
22
55
1 34
2 17
3 03
4 14
36
32
53
53
24
22
05
6 01
5 52
50
1 46
I 59
3 00
38
00
50
3
4
4
5
5
4
2
3
7
5
2
I
I
4
3
3
16
49
56
47
06
20
II
13
59
52
37
32
09
R. A. Marr
R. L. Faris
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Mean, 24 stations
Mean, 32 stations
Mean, 28 stations
Mean, 45 stations
Mean, 37 stations
Mean, 13 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 28 stations
Mean, 32 stations
Mean, 28 stations
Mean, 52 stations
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 26 stations
G. T. Hawkins
Mean, 45 stations
Mean, 42 stations
Mean, 63 stations
Mean, 40 stations
Mean, 47 stations
Mean, 21 stations
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 13 stations
G. T. Hawkins
Mean, 18 stations
W. F. Raynolds
Mean, 21 stations
Mean, 20 stations
Do.
Do.
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 31 stations
G. T. Hawkins
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
213
labU of the most recent magnetic declinatiofis observed in the United States arid outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
NORTH DAKOTA~-Continued
Station ^
ati-
ade
Longi
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
1
/ 1
East
/
East
/
Eddy County
Garneld County
• •
1882
14 17
13 04
Mean, 18 stations
. , 1888
15 35
14 50
I station
Stevens County
1886
15 49
14 54
Mean, 5 stations
Church County
1885
15 28 .
14 28
Mean. 4 stations
Nelson County
1882
13 33
12 20
Mean, 28 stations
Grand Porks County
. 1877
13 54
12 20
Mean, 38 stations
Grand Porks 4
7 5
6 97
4 1898.6
10 45.5
10.32
G. T. Hawkins
Port Totten 4
7 5
8 985
7 1880
14 30
13 10
County surveyor
Lakota 4
8
2 98 2
1898. 6
12 38.5
12 25
G. T. Hawkins
Minnewaukan 4
8
4 99 I
5 1898.6
14 31
14 18
Do.
Benson County |
• •
• • • •
1886
14 19
13 20
Mean, 36 stations
Devils Lake ' ' 4
8
7 98 5
3 1S98.6
14 06
13 53
G. T. Hawkins
Pierce County
. 1895
14 03
13 39
Mean, 28 stations
Ward County
1S87
16 06
15 15
Mean, 22 stations
McHenry County
1886
15 10
14 15
Mean, 29 stations
Ramsey County
1885
13 37
12 34
Mean, 33 stations
Walsh County
1881
13 35
12 15
Mean, 32 stations
Towner County
. 1885
14 15
13 12
Mean, 31 stations
Cavalier County
«
. 1885
13 40
12 37
Mean, 48 stations
Pembina County
1871
14 00
12 10
Mean, 30 stations
Rolette County ' .
1884
14 35
13 29
Mean, 22 stations
Renville County
1893
16 16
15 45
Bottineau County
1887
16 05
15 13
Mean, 13 stations
Canada Boundary 4
9
97 4
1872.5
15 00
13 12
W. J. Twining
Canada B., n'r Pembina Mts. 4
9
98
1872.5
15 10
13 24
Do.
Canada Boundary 4
9
98 I
1872.5
15 30
13 45
Do.
Do. 4
9
983
1872.5
15 32.5
13 50
Do.
Do. 1 4
9
98 4
5 1872.5
15 15
13 33
Do.
Do. 4
9 «
98 5
5 1872.5
15 40
14 00
Do.
Do. 4
9
99
2 1872.5
15 50
14 10
Do.
Do. 4
9
100 2
8 1873.6
16 57.5
15 28
Do.
Do. 1 4
9
100 4
1 1873.6
17 10
1542
Do.
Do. 4
9
lOI I
, 1873.6
17 45
16 20
Do.
Do. 4
9
102
1873.6
18 00
16 38
Do.
Do. 4
9
102 I
5 1873.6
18 II
1651
Do.
Do. \
9
103
1873. 6
18 00
16 44
Do.
Do. 4
9
103 3
1 1873. 7
18 08
1655
Do.
OHIO
Group I
/
/ '
E or W
/
'■ E or W
/
South Point 3
8 2
5 82 3
5 1864. 14
I 52. 9 E
36 W
A. T. Mosman
Portsmouth 3
84
5 82 5
9 ; 1900.51
2 17. I W
2 22 W
J. W. Miller
Cincinnati 3
9 ^
8 84 2
5 1S99.64
I 06. 2 E
58E
' Vehrenkamp
Athens 3
9 2
82 <j
6 1898. 44
22. 2 W
35 W
E. Smith
Chillicothe 3
9 2
82 5
9 1900. 52
33. 6 W
39 W
J.W.Miller
Marietta 3
9 2
5 81 2
8 1S98. 45
2 01. 4 W
2 14 w
E. Smith
Washington 3
9 3
4 83 2
5 19^^. 53
31.2 W^
36 w
J. W. Miller
Davton, National Mil. Home 3
9 4
6 84 I
5 1900.49
07. 6 E
02 E
Fleming & Wallis
Columbus 3
9 5
9 83 c
•I 1900. 48
43. 6 W
049W
J. A. Fleming
Newark \
4 ; 8
2 2
6 1900. 48
33. I E
' 28E
Do.
214
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902,
Table of the most recejit magnetic declinations obsen^ed i7i the United States and outlying
territories reduced to Jarmary /, ipo2 — Continued.
OHIO— Continued
Station
Group /—Continued
Bellefontaine
Tuscarawas
Marion
Ashland
Akron
Warren, S. M.
Warren, N. M.
Cleveland
Jefferson
Group II
Ironton
Portsmouth
Ljrra
Gallipolis
ShyviUe
Jackson
Waverly
Miami River, mouth
8 m. N. of Cincinnati
Athens
Hamilton
Lebanon
Wilmington
Oxford
Sprin^boro
Washin&^on
Circleville
Ridge
Carrollton Station
Montgomery County
Lancaster
Preble County
Springfield
New Madison
Columbus
Batesville
Zanesville
Miami County
Greenville
Darke County
St. Clairsville
Marysville
Coshocton
Shelby County
Logan County
Mount Vernon
Steubenville
Dover
Morrow County
Mercer County
Auglaize County
Wapakoneta
Honnes County
Marion County
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
40 22
40 24
40 34
40 54
41 05
41
41
41
15
15
30
41 44
38 35
3845
38 46
38 53
39 01
39 04
39 08
39 08
39 15
39 20
39 23
39 26
39 28
39 30
39 31
39 34
39 36
39 38
39 38
• • •
39 43
« • •
39 54
39 56
39 56
39 58
3958
• •
40 07
• • • •
40 10
40 15
40 17
40 24
40 24
40 31
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served.
40 34
/ I
83 46
81 24
83 07
82 20
81 33
80 50
80 50
81 42
80 48
82 37
82 59
82 42
82 07
82 57
82 36
82 58
84 45
84 25
82 06
8433
84 II
83 49
84 45
84 16
83 21
82 53
81 35
84 09
• • • •
82 36
• • • •
83 47
84 43
82 56
81 18
82 04
p •
84 38
• • • •
80 52
83 23
81 52
• • •
• • •
82 30
80 39
T
81 29
• • • •
J^
• • • «
• • • •
84 13
—
1
• • • •
•
1900-53
1900.48
1900.54
1900.55
1900.57
1900.59
1900.59
1900.57
1900.58
896
901.2
895
838.5
1.2
5
895
810.5
873.8
900.0
895
891
838.5
845.6
838.5
838.5
901.0
895
845.7
800
901.2
801
835.5
838.5
900.4
838.5
838.5
799
895
801
838.5
895
838.5
807
832
896
900.4
838.5
811
810
828
883
807
830
EorW
o /
o 07. 8 E
2 15. I W
34. 2 W
1 01. o W
2 25. 2 W
3 12.7 W
2 13.6 W
3 10. o W
3 05.4 W
o
2
o
I
2
I
O
5
2
o
o
I
4
4
4
3
o
I
40
40
44
35
00
16
E
W
w
E
W
W
00
10 E
40.7 E
27 W
E
E
E
E
E
E
W
W
44
37
05
50
04
06
36
15
4 45.4 E
5 10 E
I 50
5 04
4 30
4 51
27
22
30
10
o
I
2
5
2
5
2
I
I
4
3
o
I
I
3
5
4
I
2
4
09
13
31
00
30
57
50
15
33
50
17
32
17
14
52
17
W
E
E
E
W
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
W
W
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
Declina-
tion in
1902
E or \V
o /
O
2
O
1
2
3
2
3
3
03 E
20W
39W
06 W
30 w
18 w
19 w
15 w
10 w
20 E
2 43W
1 08 W
1 14 W
2 03 W
I 40 w
o 24 W
o 54E
o 49 E
o 34 W
o 20 E
058E
16 E
1 19 E
o 15 E
o 43 W
39 W
1 39 W
I 15 E
I 03 E
I 53 W
o 57E
35 E
1 02 E
33 W
2 27 W
1 19 W
I 05 E
I 45 E
I 06 E
1 18 W
o 36E
2 19W
o 43E
o II W
35 W
1 39 W
I 59 w
59 W
1 16 E
o 09 E
02 E
1 22 W
o 12 E
Observer or
authority
J.W.Miller
J. A. Fleming
j: W. Miller
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
County surveyor
W.H W.Jenkins
County surveyor
J. Fletcher
G. O. Stewart
County surveyor
H. W. Overman
J. Mansfield
G. B. Nicholson
A. A. Atkinson
J. C. Weaver
P. O. Monfort
D. Wickersham
J. Locke
E. Bally
J. Bell
E. H. Fischer
County surveyor
J. Locke
Mean, 10 stations
A. E. Bretz
Mean, 8 stations
Dutton
J. Jaqua
Henry Maetzel
M. Atkinson
J. Boyle
Mean, 5 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 16 stations
J. C. Moore
County surveyor
J. W. Sweeney
Mean, 7 stations
I station
County surveyor
Sam Huston
H. V. Beeson
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 8 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 11 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
215
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and oiitlying
territories reduced to January /, /po^ — Continued.
OHIO—Continued
Station
Group II — Continued
Carrollton
Sandyville
Kenton
Hardin County
Allen County
Mansfield
Lisbon
Wooster
New Lisbon
Forest
Ashland County
Crawford County
Wyandot County
Van West County
Pa, line, 75 m. S. of L. Erie
Chippewa
Kalida
Poland
Canfield
Berlin
Atwater
Portaee
Suffield
Coventry
Norton
Putnam County
Ottawa
Hancock County
Akron
Tallmadge
Youngstown
Tiffin
Paulding County
•Seneca
4 miles north of Akron
Medina
Brookfield
Braceville
Hudson
Defiance
Streetsboro
Flat Rock
Lorain County
Henry County
Defiance County
Erie County
Low^r Sandusky
Sandusky County
Aurora
Huron
Vermilion
Sandusky
Kinsman
Black River
Pa. Line, 34 miles north
Lati- i Longi-
tude tude
Date of
observa-
tion
40 36
40 37
40 39
40 47
40 47
40 49
40 50
40 50
• • •
•
40 53
40 55
40 59
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
•
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
02
• «
05
06
07
08
• •
09
10
12
14
14
15
15
17
18
41 21
83 09
41 23
81 18
41 25 j
82 35
41 26
82 21
41 27
82 45
41 28
8037
41 28
82 10
41 29
80 31
81 06
81 22 I
83 37 ^
82 31
80 48
81 58
80 49
83 28
•
• •
• •
• •
80
• • 1
• •
31
81
48
84
14
80
31
80
50
81
03
81
II
81
31
81
22
81
48
81
53
• •
84
• •
03
• •
81
33
81
28
86
40
83
II
83 II
81 33 .
81 53 I
80 37 ;
80 58 '
81 26 I
84 23 .
81 22 I
84 12
895
810.5
838. 5
820
832
894
895
840. 5
880.5
874.6
807
822
824
820
880.4
810. 5
838.5
810.5
810.5
810.5
810.5
838. 5
810. 5
810. 5
810. 5
825
895
821
901
806.5
796.6
895
822
810.5
797.5
900.1
837.5
838.5
840.5
810.5
821.4
838.5
876
822
822
838.5
821
796.7
877.4
876.8
872.4
796.6
876.8
796.6
Declina-
tion ob-
served
EorW
o /
2 15
v\
2 10
E
5 17
E
5 03
E
3 55
E
I 27
W
2 30
W
I 47
E
I 29.
I W
2 18.
3E
3 34
E
3 29
E
4 21
E
4 55
E
I 55
W^
2 36
E
3 00
E
I 21
E
I 37
E
I 48
E
2 64
E
I 15
E
2 22
E
2 19
E
2 30
E
4 20
E
00
4 30
E
2 15
W
I 00
E
I 27
E
05
E
448
E
3 57
E
2 02
E
I 45
W
40
E
50
E
52
E
4 30
E
2 05
E
3 14
E
36
W
4 17
E
4 30
E
2 48
E
3 00
E
I 22
E
29
E
28
E
55
E
I 30
E
17
E
I 37
E
Declina-
tion in
1902
E or W
o /
2 39 W
2 06 W
I 28 E
o 47 E
06 W
1 55 W
2 54 W
1 58 W
2 53 ^V
o 30E
o 40 W
o 45 W
o 09 E
39E
3 19W
1 40 W
49 W
2 55 W
2 39 W
2 28 W
2 12 W
2 34 W
1 54 W
I 57 W
1 46 W
o 09 E
o 24 W
o 15E
2 18 W
3 13 W
2 32 W
o 19 W
o 34E
19 W
1 59 W^
1 52 W
3 II W
2 59W
2 53 W
o 14 E
2 loW
o 35 W
2 16 W
o 03 E
o 16 E
41 W
1 01 W
1 15 w
2 37 W
I 08 W
I II W
I 02 w
2 29 W^
1 22 W
2 22 W
Observer or
authority
County surveyor
E. Buckingham
J. H. Ross
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 5 stations
County surveyor
Do.
C. W. Christmas
J. B. Strawn
F. E. Hilgard
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 1 1 stations
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 5 stations
J. B. Strawn
J. Mansfield
E. B. Fitch
J. Mansfield
Do.
Do.
Do.
Mallison
J. Mansfield
Do.
Do.
Mean, 7 stations
J. D. Huddle
Mean, 17 stations
J. A. Gehres
S. S. Ensign
A. SpofFord
County surveyor
Mean, 10 stations
J. Mansfield
M. Warren
L. B. Ganyard
G. Boyse
F. E. Stowe
E. Loomis
J. Mansfield
R. Cowles
W. C. Brownell
I station
Mean, 9 stations
Do.
Mean, 8 stations
De Reeves
Mean, 19 stations
S. Pease
F. Terry
F.M.Towar
A. C. Lamson
S. Pease
F.Terry
M. Hallery
2l6
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, ipo2 — Continued.
OHIO— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Group //—Continued
Mesopotamia
South Newbury
Rocky River
Sandusky, Sand Point
Rapids of Maumee
Avon Point
Port Clinton
Majrfield
Euclid
Williams County
Ottawa County
Catawba Island
Chardon
Kelleys Island
Locust Point
Fulton County
Bass Islands
Green Island
Willoughby
Toledo
Kirtland
Toledo
North Bass Island
Maumee R. , E. side of mouth
Bloomfield
Mentor
Maumee Bay, Cedar Point
West Sister Island .
Fairport
Pa, Line, 14 m. S. of L. Erie
Denmark
Madison
Pa. Line, 60 miles north
Red Creek
Ashtabula
North Kingsville
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
29
29
29 :
30 i
30 I
31
31
32
34
35
35
36
36
39
39
40
40
41
42
42
42
43
43
43
44
45
47
47
47
52
53
55
56
/
81 00
81 18
81 52
82 43
8330
82 01
82 58
81 26
81 34
• • •
• • •
82 50
81 15
82 44
83 06
82 44
82 52
81 26
83 34
81 21
83 28
82 48
83 26
81 00
81 22
83 20
83 06 ;
81 16
80 31
80 45
81 02
80 31
80 51
80 48
80 41
796.6
796.6
876.8
877.4
810.5
876.8
877.5
796.7
876.7
822
821
877.5
901
877-5
877.6
823
846.3
845.6
876.7
895
796.7
901.7
877.4
862.6
796.6
796.7
877.6
847.5
876.7
796.5
796.7
876.5
796.6
876.6
876.5
876.5
Eor W
o /
2
I
O
22
20
II
2
O
o 37
48
36
o 47
03
10
36
50
o 40
3 15
o 39
o 40
I
I
4
3
4
2
2
I
I
I
I
I
I
2
I
o
2
2
o
I
I
I
2
I
I
20
23
34
51
08
00
08.
13
35
00
50
10
20
00
53
30
59
53
00
46
16
E
E
W
E
E
W
E
E
W
E
E
E
W
E
E
E
E
E
W
W
E
I W
E
E
E
E
W
E
W
E
E
W
E
W
W
W
Declina-
tion in
1902
I
EorW
o /
37 W
39 W
50 W
ooW
28 W
15 w
50 W
56 W
49 W
22 E
25 W
56 W
18 W
57 W
56 W
07 E
06W
57 W
31 w
32 W
ooW
09W
24W
ooW
ooW
10 W
46 W
06 W
40 W
306W
2 30 w
339W
2 07 W
3 40W
3 26W
2 56 W
I
2
I
I
I
2
O
2
2
O
O
o
3
o
o
o
I
o
3
I
3
I
o
I
2
2
I
I
3
Observer or
authority
S. Pease
Do.
F. M. Towar
A. C. Lamson
J. Mansfield
F.M. Towar
F.Terry
S. Pease
F.Terry
Mean, 11 stations
Mean, 19 stations
A. C Lamson
E. L. F. Phelps
A. C. Lamson
F. M. Towar
Mean, 13 stations
Chart
J.C.Woodruff
F.M. Towar
County surveyor
S. Pease
T. Russell
F. M. Towar
W.H.Hearding
S. Pease
M. Halley
A. C. Lamson
Chart
A. C. Lamson
A. Porter
M. Halley
F. M. Towar
M. Halley
A. C. Lamson
Do.
F. M. Towar
OKLAHOMA
Group I
Mangum
Cheyenne
Perrv
Woodward
Beaver
Group II
K., C, and A. Res'n, SE.
K., C, and A. Res'n, SW.
K., C, and A. Res'n, NE.
K., C, and A. Res'n,. NW.
/
/
34 52
35 37
36 16
36 27
36 49
99 31
99 40
97 20
99 23
100 30
• • •
• • •
. . . . {
• a «
• • •
1900.93
1900.92
1901.63
1900.91
1900.90
1874
1875
1874
1874
East
o /
10 14.6
10 34.9
9 12.9
10 52.5
lo 58.6
II 00
II 14
10 45
10 58
East
o /
10 II
10 31
9 12
10 49
10 55
9 45
10 01
9 30
9 43
W. C. Dibrell
Do.
J. M. Kuehne
W. C. Dibrell
Do.
Mean, 24 stations
Mean, 23 stations
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 12 stations
k
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
217
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
OKLAHOMA— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Greer County
Pottawatomie County
Cleveland County
Washita County
I County
Oklahoma
Oklahoma County
Canadian County
Roger Mills County
G County
Lincoln County
Ind. Mer.,T's 16 and 17 N.
Lo^n County
Blaine County
Day County
Grand
Kingfisher County
D County
Payne County
Stillwater
Payne Co. , 5th Par. and P. M.
Pa^^^lee County
Noble County
Do.
Garfield County
Woods County
Woodward County
Osage Nation
Beaver County, west
Beaver County, middle
Beaver County, east
Grant County
Kay County
Lati- Longi-
tude tude
35 28
35 54
36 06
36 15
• • • •
36 18
97 30
35 58 ' 99 48
97 14
97 03
97 14
• • •
97 18
Date of
observa-
tion
1874
1873
1872
1874
1873
1895
1872
1872
1S74
1874
1877
1901.5
1871
1874
1874
1901.2
1872
1874
1872
1896
1900.7
1872
1900.0
1872
1872
1873
1873
1872
1891
1891
1890
1872
1872
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
II 18
10 00
11 10
II 06
10 32
9 25
10 35
10 45
11 40
10 52
11 06
9 12
10 38
10 50
11 27
9 48
10 47
11 16
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
10 03
8 43
9 51
9
9
9
9
9
51
15
04
16
26
10 25
9 37
9
9
9
9
57
10
17
35
10 12
9 45
9 28
10 01
10 30
9 II
9 45
9 27
9 15
9 II
10 10
851
9 20
9 13
II 10
9 51
10 56
9 37
II 20
10 03
II 40
10 23
10 20
9 01
II 52
II 20
II 50
1 II 18
II 20
10 48
II 23
10 04
1 10 49
9 30
Observer or
authority
Mean, 33 stations
Mean, 9 stations
Do.
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 13 stations
County sur\'eyor
Mean, 14 stations
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 11 stations
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 13 stations
B. S. Reeves
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 13 stations
F. M. Sandford
Mean, 10 stations
Do.
Mean, 7 stations
County surveyor
T. P. German
Mean, 6 stations
A. I. Thompson
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 25 stations
Mean, 30 stations
Mean, 23 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 54 stations
Mean, 60 stations
Mean, 13 stations
Mean, 9 stations
OREGON
>^^ m V
East
East
Group I
/
/
/
/
Jacksonville
42 18
122 58
1881. 54
17 24.4
17 37
J. S. Lawson
Ewing Harbor
42 44
124 30
1851.89
18 29.7
19 51
G. Davidson
Canyonville
42 54
123 18
1881.55
17 48.5
18 02
J. S. Lawson
Loggie
43 21
124 10
1889.70
20 35
20 39
E. F. Dickins
Ross
43 21
124 11
18S9. 70
20 31
20 35
Do.
Fossil 2
43 21
124 19
1889.88
20 16
20 20
Do.
North Spit
43 22
124 20
1889. 87
20 II
20 15
Do.
Pigeon 2
43 22
124 19
1889. 85
20 06
20 10
Do.
Coos River Hill
43 22
124 10
1889.69
20 06
20 10
Do.
White Point 2
43 22
124 12
1889.79
19 07
19 II
Do.
Marshfield Hill
43 22
124 14
1889.78
18 06
18 10
Do.
Crawford 2
43 23
124 12
1889.68
19 21
19 25
Do.
Pierce
43 24
124 12
1889.68
17 28
17 32
Do.
Cemetery
43 24
, 124 17
1889. 85
. 20 03
20 07
Do.
2l8
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic decimations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, 1^02 — Continued.
OREGON— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
1
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in 1
1902
Observer or
authority
Group I — Continued
1
/
/
East
/
East
/
Empire 2
43 24
124 17 i
1889.85
20 01
20 05
E. F. Dickins
Pest
43 24
124 18
1889.87
20 06
20 10
Do.
Simpson
43 25 ;
124 14
1889.76
19 II
19 15
Do.
North Bend 2
43 25
124 14
1889.68
18 44
18 48
Do.
Pony
43 25
124 16
1889.85
19 45
19 49
Do.
Hutchinson 2
43 25
124 17
1889.86
19 59
20 03
Do.
North Slough
43 26
124 15
1889.85
19 37
19 41
Do.
Mabry
43 26
124 13
1889.65
1833
1837
Do,
Oakland
43 26
123 18
1881.56
19 41.2
19 54
J. S. Lawson
Ten Mile Knoll
43 53
124 09
1887. 45
20 52
20 59
E. F. Dickins
Cannery Hill
44 00
124 07
1887.47
21 24
21 31
Do.
Eugene
44 03
123 05
1881.56
20 48.1
21 01
J. S. Lawson
Mary Peak
44 31
123 29
1877. 79
20 51.7
21 II
G. Davidson
Yaquina
44 36
124 01
1888. 36
20 18.2
20 24
R. A. Marr
Albany
44 39
123 02
1881.57
21 42.0
21 55
J. S. Lawson
Yaquina Point Light-House
44 40
124 04
1885.33
20 50.6
21 00
F. Morse
Salem
44 56
122 58
1881.58
19 58.0
20 11
J. S. Lawson
Portland, Custom-House
45 31
122 41
1895. 14
•22 24.5
22 26
J. J. Gilbert
Portland
45 31
122 42
1900.89
22 24.0
22 24
W. Weinrich, jr.
Three Mile Creek, nr. Dalles
45 39
120 58
1881.78
21 02.8
21 02
J. S. Lawson
Blalock
45 44
120 22
1881.77
20 21.2
20 19
Do.
St. Helen
45 52
122 48
1881.62
19 08.0
19 21
Do.
Umatilla
45 57
119 20
1881.76
21 32,2
21 30
Do.
Rainier
46 05
122 56
1886.50
23 45.0
23 53
G. Davidson
Astoria
46 12
123 50
1881.61
22 26.4
22 39
J. S. Lawson
Group II
California Boundary
42 00
120 06
1868.7
18 41
18 53
D. G. Major
Do.
42 00
120 38
1868.8
18 29
18 44
Do.
Do.
42 00
121 II
1868.8
18 II
18 29
Do.
Do.
42 00
122 15
1868.9
18 30
1855
Do.
Do.
42 00
122 55
1868.9
19 07
19 36
Do.
Do.
42 00
123 37
1869.5
18 29
19 02
Do.
Klamath County, south
• •
• • •
1893
19 15
19 15
Mean, 10 stations
Josephine County
• • •
« • • «
1893
19 30
19 30
Mean, 2 stations
Jackson County
• • •
• •
1893
19 20
19 20
Mean, 6 stations
CanyonvUle
42 54
123 18
1885.5
19 27
19 36
W. Thiel
Camp Harney
43 00
119 00
1876. 1
18 23
18 26
Wainwright
Cape Blanco, near
43 06
124 18
1792.3
16 00
• • •
G. Vancouver
Coos County
• «
• • •
1884
19 40
19 50
Mean, 4 stations
Klamath County, north
• • • •
• • • •
1892
19 18
19 18
Mean, 7 stations
Roseburg
43 13
123 22
1896
20 07
20 08
W. P. Heydon
Douglas County
• • • •
• • • • •
! 1890
19 17
19 21
Mean, 6 stations
Lake Watmnpi
43 16
119 15
1 1859. 5
18 10
18 39
J. Dixon
Stillwater Slough
43 25
118 48
; 1859.5
18 10
18 39
Do.
Harney County, northeast
• • •
• • • •
' 1863
18 17
18 39
Mean, 4 stations
Oakland
43 26
123 18
1888.5
19 40
19 45
W. Thiel
Surprise Creek
43 37
118 38
1859.5
18 25
18 54
J. Dixon
Owyhee River Ford
Malheur River, left bank
43 47
117 03
1859. 7
18 04
18 27
Do.
43 49
117 20
1859. 5
18 15
18 38
Do.
Rock Creek Canyon
43 56
118 07
1859. 5
18 30
18 58
Do.
Lane Countv, east
• • • •
• * « •
1901
18 30
18 30
C. M. Collier
Lane County, average
»
* • • • •
1901
20 40
20 40
Do.
Siuslaw River, mouth
43 57
124 10
1900
20 05
20 05
G. E. Bingham
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
219
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, igo2 — Continued.
OREGON—Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Group //—Continued
Eugene
Lane County, west
Crooked River Canyon
Birch Creek
Prineville
Waldport
Linn County
WiHow Creek
Grant County
Benton County
Corvallis
Albany
Lincoln County !
Cape Foulweather, near I
Des Chutes River Crossing 1
Polk County
Marion County
Oak Grove Creek
Clackamas County
Gilliam County
McMinnville |
Wasco County |
Grande Roqde Valley
Grande Ronde River >
Near Cape Lookout |
Tillamook County
Tillamook
Hillsboro
Multnomah County
Wallowa County
Lees Camp, Blue M't*ns
Three Mile Creek
The Dalles, i mile east
Umatilla County
Umatilla River
Vernonia
Columbia County
Washington Boundary
Rainier
Clatskanie
Longi-
tude
Date of
obserN'a-
tion
o /
44 02
•
44 03
44 16
44 17
44 23
• •
44 27
44 33
44 37
• « « «
44 42
44 47
45 06
• • • •
45 13
• • j
45 16 ,
45 20
45 20
45 25
45 30
45 33
45 34
o /
123 06
«
120 00
117 26
120 52
124 05
• « • « •
120 53
• B •
• S B •
123 17
123 06
• • • •
124 07
121 06
121 15
123 10
• • •
117 43
117 57
124 00
• as
123 52
122 59
118 21
121 06
45 35
121 09
• • • •
45 41
45 50
« •
118 40
123 10
• B • •
46 01
46 04
46 05
• • • •
118 25
122 56
123 12
901
901
859.5
859.7
895
893
891
859.5
895
901
895
895
893
792.3
859.4
892
890
859.4
892
888
901
895
859.8
859.8
789.5
892
895
895
887
893
859.8
859.4
900.6
866
859.8
895
893
864.4
895
895
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
21
21
18
18
20
21
20
18
20
20
20
20
19
18
19
20
20
19
21
21
21
20
18
19
16
20
21
21
22
20
19
19
21
20
20
22
21
20
21
21
20
00
40
09
00
00
30
55
00
20
00
42
53
00
15
30
22
20
17
07
00
00
20
00
05
20
54
30
22
00
20
45
29
20
02.5
30
20
20
40
45
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
21 20
21 00
19 20
18 32
20 00
21 02
20 33
19 39
20 00
20 20
20 02
20 44
19 56
• • % m
20 00
20 33
20 26
20 05
21 20
21 07
21 00
20 02
18 48
19 28
• • •
20 23
21 56
21 32
22 29
19 56
19 50
20 30
21 29
20 36
20 32
22 32
21 22
20 40
21 42
21 47
Observer or
authority
C. M. Collier
Do.
J. Dixon
Do.
County surveyor
Do.
Mean, 5 stations
J. Dixon
County sur\'eyor
G. H. Waggoner
George Mercer
E. T. T. Fisher
Mean, 6 stations
G. Vancouver
J. Dixon
I station
Mean, 3 stations
J. Dixon
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 3 stations
C . E. Branson
County surveyor
J. Dixon
Do.
J. Meares
Mean, 5 stations
A. M. Austin
L. E. Wilkes
Mean, 2 stations
I station
J. Dixon
Do.
W. Cuthbert
Mean, 3 stations
J. Dixon
County surveyor
Mean, 3 stations
D. G. Major
County surveyor
Do.
PENNSYLVANIA
Group I
Mason and Dixon Line
Gettysburg, S. M.
Gettysburg, N. M.
Wajnesburg
Uniontown, S. M.
Union town, N. M.
Westchester
/
/
39 43
39 52
79 29
77 14
• • • •
39 54
39 54
• •
80 12
79 43
39 55
75 35
1897. 79
1901.80
1901. 80
1901.88
1901.89
1901 . 89
1901.76
EorW EorW
3 47. 5 W
4 02 W
L. A. Bauer
4 53. 4 W
454W
J. W. Miller
4 49. 4 W
4 50W
Do.
3 07. 7 W
3 08W
Do.
3 39. 1 W
3 39W
Do.
3 41.3 W
3 42W
Do.
7 23. 2 W
7 24W
Do.
220
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations obset'ved in the United States and outlying^
terf'itories reduced to January i, ipo2 — Continued.
PENNSYLVANI .—Continued
Station
! Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Group I — Continued
Chambersburg
Philadelphia, Hospital
Philadelphia, Girard Col.
Yard
York, S. M.
York,N.M.
Johnson Tavern
Somerset
Bedford
Lancaster, S. M.
Lancaster, N. M.
Fannettsburg
Bristol, Vanuxem
Hatboro
Washington, S. M.
Washington, N. M.
Carlisle, S. M.
Carlisle, N.M.
Harrisburg, N. M.
Harrisburg, S. M.
Greensburg, S. M.
Greensburg, N. M.
Reading
Andersonburg
Lebanon, S. M.
Lebanon, N. M.
Newport
Allegheny
Huntingdon
Ebensburg
Altoona
Lewistown
South Bethlehem
Indiana, S. M.
Indiana, N. M.
Pottsville
Middleburg
Ingleby
Bellefonte
Lewisburg
Clearfield, S. M.
Clearfield, N. M.
Lockhaven
Willianisport, S. M.
Williamsport, N. M.
Erie
Group II
Warren Point
West B. , Yz m. N. of S. W.cor.
Irwin Mill nr. Mercersburg
W^est Bounda^}^ 5 m. north
Two ni. s. of Rock Lick
West Boundary, 12 m. north
McConnelsburg *
Declina-
tion ob-
served
39 56
39 57
3958
3958
39 59
• • • •
40 00
40 01
40 01
40 03
• •
40 03
40 07
40 II
40 II
40 13
• • • •
40 16
• «
40 17
• •
40 18
40 21
40 21
• • >
40 27
40 28
40 29
40 29
40 31
40 36
40 37
40 39
« • • •
40 41
40 48
40 49
40 55
40 56
41 03
• • •
41 09
41 14
• » •
42 09
39 43
39 44
39 47
39 48
39 52
39 54
39 55
77 39
75 12
75 10
IS 23
76 45
• • • •
79 48
79 07
7831
76 18 ,
.. .. I
77 48
74 53 I
75 05 I
80 16
77 12
• • • •
76 53
•
79 35
• • •
75 56
77 27
76 25
• • •
77 07
80 01
78 01
78 44
78 23
77 34
75 23
79 12
• •
76 12
77 00
77 26
77 47
76 52
78 26
77 26
77 02
« • mm
80 05
78 02
80 31
77 56
80 31
80 31
80 31
77 59
900.44
895.70
890.84
854.82
901.79
901.80
862.58
901.89
902.56
901.76
901.77
900.45
846. 52
900.50
901.87
901.87
901.81
901.81
901.78
901.78
901.86
901.86
900.49
900.45
901.77
901. 78
900.45
885.65
900.46
901.85
900.47
900.46
874. 47
901.85
901.86
900.49
901.81
900. 48
901.83
900.48
901.84
901.84
901.83
901.82
901.82
885. 70
899.1
883.5
840.6
785.4
883. 5
883.4
898.4
EorW
o /
4 42. 9 W
7 10. 5 W
6 31.4 W
6 42. 3 W
6 17. 9 W
6 00. 2 W
1 13. 6 W
4 39- 2 W
4 31.5 W
6 16. 2 W
6 07.8 W
4 59. 7 W
4 27. 8 W
7 26. 2 W
3 22. 8 W
3 44. 4 W
5 19. 7 W
5 20. 7 W
6 25.0 W
6 19. 8 W
4 06. 4 W
4 09. 9 W
5 26. o W
4 36. oW
6 34. 7 W
6 30. 2 W
6 02.8 W
2 55.7 w
5 29. oW
4 27. 3 W
5 06.4 W
5 19. 7 W
5 19. 5 W
4 02. o W
3 59. 6 W
6 48. o W
6 05.8 W
6 10. o W
5 53- 8 W
6 15. I W^
4 54. 7 W
5 40. 4 W
6 24. o W
6 48.4 W
6 50. 9 W
3 08.2 W
4 30 W
o 40 W
o 54. 4 W
2 03 E
o 36 W
o 36 W
5 01 W
Declina-
tion in
1902
EorW
o /
4 48W
7 30 W
7 08 W
10 04 W
6 18 W
01 W
52 W
40 W
30 W
17 W
08W
04W
27 W
30 w
23 w
45W
20 W
21 W
26 w
20W
07 w
10 w
30 w
40 w
35 W
31 w
07 W
58 W
33 W
28 W
11 W
24 W
07 w
02 w
00 w
52 w
06W
14 w
54 W
19 W
55 W
41 W
24 W
49 W
51 w
10 W
6
3
4
4
6
6
5
8
7
.3
3
5
5
6
6
4
4
5
4
6
6
6
3
5
4
5
5
7
4
4
6
6
6
5
6
4
5
6
6
6
4
Observer or
authority
4
I
5
2
I
I
5
39 W
51 w
04 W
08 W
47 W
47 W
13 w
Fleming &Dibrell
J. B. Baylor
Do.
J. E. Hilgard
J. W. MiUer
Do.
C. A. Schott
J. W. Miller
Do.
Do.
Do.
Fleming &Dibrell
J. Locke
W. C. Dibrell
J. W. Miller
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
W. C. Dibrell
Fleming & Dibrell
J. W. Miller
Do.
Fleming & Dibrell
J. B. Baylor
Fleming & Dibrell
J. W. Miller
W. C. Dibrell
Fleming & Dibrell
T. C. Hilgard
J. W. Miller
Do.
W. C. Dibrell
J. W. Miller
W. C. Dibrell
J. W. Miller
W. C. Dibrell
J. W. Miller
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
J. B. Baylor
A. S. Winger
F. L. Hoge
A. D. Bache
A. Ellicott
F. L. Hoge
Do.
A. S. Winger
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
221
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States afid outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
PENNSYLVANIA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Gfoup //—Continued
/
/
EorW
f
EorW
/
Chambersburg
39 56
77 39
1901.3
4 55 W
457W
Seven instruments
W. Boundary, abt. i6% m. N.
39 57
80 31
1785. 5
I 30 E
2 42 w
A. EUicott
Milford station
3958
79 07
1895
4 05 W
4 29 W
County survevors
W. Boundary, 19 & 20 m. N .
39 59
80 31
1785- 5
I 18. 8 E
2 53 W
A. Ellicott
Upper Strasburg
40 03
77 41
1892. 2
4 23 W
4 57 W
J.B.Kaufman
Greenfield
40 06
79 52
1874. 6
2 02 W
3 50 W
F. E. Hilgard
West Boundary, 26 m. north
40 06
80 31
1785. 5
I 17.5 E
2 54 W
A. Ellicott
Norristown
40 06
75 20
1892
6 42 W
7 13 W
County surveyor
Hopewell
40 07
78 17
1876. 6
3 II W
4 50 W
Countv surveyors
Norritonville
40 10
75 26
1770. 5
3 08 W
7 34 W
W. Sniith
Rices Hill nr. W. Alexander.
40 10
80 31
1883.4
I II W
2 23 W .
F. L. Hoge
West Boundary, 37 m. north
40 15
80 31
1785. 5
I 07. 5 E
304W
A. Ellicott
Frederick
40 16
75 27
1883. ?
6 00 W
7 07 W
Phil. Water Dept.
Doylestown
40 18
75 10
1901.3
8 00 W
8 02 W
S. F. Long
Green Lane
40 20
75 27
1883. ?
6 03 W
7 10 W
Phil. Water Dept.
Pleasant Run
40 20
75 82
1883. ?
5 51 W
6 58 W
Do.
Johnstown
40 20
78 53
1875. 7
2 20 W
4 03 W
County surveyors
West Boundary, 44 >^ m. N.
40 22
80 31
1883. 4
I 49 w
3 00 W
F. L. Hoge
Plumstedville
40 23
75 08
1883?
6 39 W
746W
Phila. Water Dept.
West Boundary, 47^^ m. N.
40 24
80 31
1785.6
40 E
3 32W
A. Ellicott
Point Pleasant
40 25
75 «5
1883?
6 54 W
8 01 W
Phila. Water Dept.
Cresson
40 28
7838
1895
3 08 W
3 30 W
County surveyor
Holidaysburg
40 28
78 23
1885.8
4 00 W
5 00 W
County surveyors
Pittsburg
40 28
80 01
1887.7
3 01 W
354W
D. Carhart
West Boundary, 51 m. N.
40 28
80 31
1785.6
57.5 E
3 14 W
A. Ellicott
West Boundary, 53 ni. N.
40 29
80 31
1785.6
50 E
3 22 W
Do.
Station
40 29
75 19
1883?
6 34 W
741W
Phila. Water Dept.
West Boundary, 57 m. N.
40 33
80 31
1785.6
I 02. 5 E
3 10 w
A. Ellicott
South Bethlehem
40 36
75 23
1894.7
6 55.4 W
7 19 W
M. Merriman
AUentown
40 36
75 28
1878. 2
505 w
6 35 W
County sur\'eyors
Leechburg
40 39
79 38
1896
3 15 W
335W
County surveyor
Tyrone
40 40
78 i6
1879. 2
348 w
5 15 W
W. G. Waring
West Boundary, Beaver Co.
40 40
8031
1878. 6
I 22 w
2 53 W
County surveyors
Easton
40 42
75 15
1841.6
3 38. W
757W
A. D. Bache "
West Boundary
40 43
80 31
1879. 8
I 31 w
2 57 W
Bndy. Com., 1878
Beaver
40 44
80 19
1883. 7
I /|? w
2 52 W
County surveyors
West Boundary
40 45
80 31
1879. 8
I 39 W
305W
Bndy. Com., 1878
Do.
40 49
80 31
1879. 4
I 54 W
3 20 W
Do.
Sunbury
40 52
76 50
1884. 5
5 10 W
6 13 W
County survevors
West Boundary, 79 m. N.
40 52
80 31
1785. 7
17.5 E
354W
A. Ellicott
Millheim
40 53
77 32
1893
5 40 W
6 10 W
County surveyor
B. F. Hilliard
Butler
40 54
79 50
1885.8
2 03 W
304W
Portland
40 55
75 06
1887.8
7 05 W
7 54 W
G. H. Cook
Lewisburg
40 56
76 52
1901
6 20 W
6 22 W
W. G. Owens
Catawissa
40 57
76 32
1901.0
6 59 W
7 02 W
W. G. Yetter
Curwensville
40 58
7836
1841.6
I 45- I W
5 52 W
A. D. Bache
Mahoningtown
40 59
80 26
1894. 5
2 34 W
3 01 W
G. B. Zahniser
Water Gap House
40 59
75 08
1887.8
6 36 W
7 25 W
G. H. Cook
Mountain Home
41 00
75 30
1883.8
7 00 W
8 06W
County surveyors
Newcastle
41 01
80 23
1894. 3
I 24 w
I 52 w
G. B. Zahniser
West Boundary, 90 m. N.
41 01
8031
1785.8
19. 5 E
353W
A. Ellicott
Morrisdale
41 02
78 08
1870. 8
2 42 w
447W
County surveyors
West Boundary
41 07
80 31
1879.5
I 47 W
3 14 W
Bndy. Com., 1878
Brookville
41 10
79 07
1895.
3 54 W
4 19 w
J. B. Caldwell
Dingman
41 13
74 52
1884. 8
6 13 W
7 15 W
G. H. Cook
222
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed ifi the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, 1902 — Continued.
PENNSYLVANIA— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
West Boundary
Clarion
Mercer
Sharpsville
West Boundary
Milford
H^ner Run
Ridgway
Cameron County
Johnsonburg
Tionesta
Honesdale
Meadville
Towanda
Montrose
Warren
Bloomfield
Niles Valley
Silver Lake
West B., N. terminal mon.
Little Meadows, N. Y. line
N. Y. line, Bradford Co.
Burt, N. Y. line
N. Y. line, W. of 90 m. st.
N. Y. line, Tioga County
N.Y. line, n'r m. st. 167 & 168
Monument, N. Y. line
N. Y. M. B. m. St. 18 & Clark
North Springfield
N. Y. M.B., m.st. 16 & 17
Avonia
N. Y. M. B. m. St. 13, 14, & 15
Fairview
N. Y. M. B. m. St. 10, 11, & 12
N. Y. M. B. m. St. 7, 8, & 9
N. Y. M. B. ni. St. 4, 5, & 6
N. Y. M. B. m. St. 3
North East
N. Y. M. B. St. at Lake Erie '
Lati- , Longi-
tude I tude
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
13
14
14
17
17
21
21
26
27
29
30
35
39
45
49
50
50
50
57
58
42 00
42 00
42 (X>
42 00
42 00
42 00
42 00
42 00
42 00
42 02
42 03
42 04
42 05
42 06
42 08
42 II
42 13
42 15
42 16
80 31
79 24
80 16
80 27
80 31
74 48
77 48
7843
78 12
78 41
79 31
75 17
80 09
76 31
75 56
79 12
79 50
77 21
76 02
80 31
76 08
76 30
76 44
77 08
77 12
7838
78 42
79 46
80 29
79 46
80 18
79 46
80 16
79 46
79 46
79 46
79 46
79 50
79 46
Date of
observa-
tion
879.5
876.5
854.0
874.6
878.5
896
856.5
901.0
883.9
899.0
895
900. 2
884.8
895
895
896
883.8
893
841.6
878.5
883.7
877.5
882.7
877.7
876.5
879.5
799.5
885.1
875.8
885.6
875.8
885.6
838.5
885.6
885.6
885.6
885.6
875.7
869.7
Declina-
tion ob-
served
EorW
o /
1 47
2 20
55
1 00
I
7
3
5
4
5
3
8
3
7
7
4
3
6
4
2
7
5
6
5
5
4
I
42
55
19
22
30
19
45
14
08
35
58
57
15
05
30.
44
28
32
04
15
26
01.
00
3 24.
3 <>3
3 23.
2 02
3 32.
o. 00
3 28.
35.
42.
46.
54
35
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
w
w
w
. w
w
w
w
w
w
2 W
w
w
w
w
w
w
5W
w
5W
w
3W
w
8W
w
w
w
w
w
w
' Declina-
I tion in
I
1902
Observer or
authority
Ear IV
o /
3 14W
4 ooW
4 06W
2 48 W
3 13W
8 12 W
6 26W
5 25 W
5 38W
5 28 W
4 09 W
8 19W
4 13W
7 56 W
8 19W
5 17 W
4 24 W
6 36 W
8 49W
4 15 W
8 34 W
7 05 W
7 14 W
6 48 W
7 08 W
5 27 W
5 38W
4 29 W
4 46 w
4 25W
345W
4 35 W
4 02 W
4 31 W
4 38 W
4 44 W
4 48 W
4 37W
4 43 W
Bndy. Com., 1878
County surveyors
Do.
F. E. Hilgard
Bndy. Com., 1878
County surveyor
S. Tyndale
A. B. Little
County surveyors
A. B. LitUe
County surveyor
L. S. Collins
Coimty surveyors
County surveyor
Do.
Do.
County surveyors
County surveyor
A. D. Bache
Bndy. Com., 1878
H. W. Clarke
County surveyors
H. W.Clarke
Do.
County surveyor
H. W. Clarke
B. Kllicott
H. W. Clarke
J. Eisenmann
H. W.Clarke
F. M. Towar
H. W. Clarke
H . H. Sherwood
H. W. Clarke
Do.
Do.
Do.
J. Eisenmann
C. H. F. Peters
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
Group I
Dumaguete, Negros
Maasin, Leyte
Ormoc, Leyte
Tacloban, Leyte
Batangas, Luzon
Balayan, Luzon
Subig, Luzon
Iba, Luzon
Santa Cruz, Luzon
/
9 19
10
09 ;
II
00 '
II
14
13 45
13
56
14 53
15
20
15
46
East
o /
123 16
124 49
124 33
124 59
121 03
120 44
120 14
119 57
119 54
I
I90I
.85
I90I.
74
I90I
.53
I90I
.64
I90I
35
I90I
•39
I90I
■23
I90I
.25
I90I
29
East
o /
I
I
I
o
o
o
o
o
o
26.4
20.4
18.7
58.4
50.5
53.7
59.2
47.4
45.5
East
o /
26
21
19
59
51
54
00
48
46
I
I
I
o
o
o
I
o
o
H.C.Mitchell
Do.
Do.
Do.
H. W. Rhodes
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
223
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, ipo2 — Continued.
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Group /—Continued
Sua], Luzon
San Fernando del Union, L'n
Candon, Luzon
Vigan, Luzon
Currimao, Luzon
Aparri, Luzon
Group II
Jolo
Santa Cruz, Mindanao
Zamboanga, Mindanao
Mati, Mindanao
San Jose, Samal
Davao, Mindanao
Caraga, Mindanao
Tagc^oan, Mindanao
Dapitan, Mindanao
Tandag, Mindanao
M'imbajao
Duniaguete, Nepros
Cantilan, Mindanao
Pto. Princesa, Palawan
Surigao, Mindanao
Cebu (Zebu)
Iloilo, Panay
Tacloban, Leyte
Catbalogan, Samar
Romblon
Tabaco, Luzon
Na. Caceres, Luzon
Atimonan, Luzon
Tayabas, Luzon
Daet, Luzon
Manila, Luzon
San Isidro, Luzon
Co. Bolinao, Luzon
Bayombong, Luzon
Vigan, Luzon
Tuguegaras. Luzon
Laoag, Luzon
Aparri, Luzon
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
04
50
54
56
57
01
15
833
8 40
9 02
16
19
20
44
48
18
42
14
47
35
22
37
01
02
04
35
23
21
30
34
35
T ^««: I JMa of
^X" obser^^a-
*"^^ tion
16 04
16 37
17 12
17 34
18 01
18 22
East
o /
120 06
120 18
120 26
120 23
120 29
121 37
I
8 13
8 22
120 59
125 26
I
I
122 03 I
126 14 I
125 42 I
125 35 I
126 30 I
124 40 I
123 23 I
126 10 I
124 44 I
123 16 ! I
125 59 I
118 43 I
125 29 I
123 54 I
122 35 I
124 59 I
124 52 I
122 16 I
123 43 I
123 17 I
121 54 I
121 35 I
122 56 1 I
120 59
I
120 53
I
119 45 I
121 09 , I
120 22 , I
121 37 I
120 35 I
121 35
I
1901.08
1901.27
I90I.3I
I90I. II
1901.24
I90I. 18
1888.31
1888.38
1888.30
1888.41
1888.39
1888.34
1888.44
1892. 40
1892. 43
1888.48
1892. 39
1892. 50
1888. 49
1888. 27
1888.50
1892. 37
1892. 50
1892. 38
1892.38
1892. 37
1890. "47
1890.54
1890.56
1890.57
1890.50
1896.5
1890. 62
1890.76
1890.64
1890.73
1890.69
1890.71
1890.70
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
o 54.2
o 37.4
o 23.6
o 20.8
o II. 6
o 10.3
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
o
I
I
I
2
I
I
10.9
28.7
57-7
08.3
25.9
34.8
22. 7
32.3
17.8
02.8
50-0
24.5
10.5
30-9
00.4
19.0
16.3
ao 04.8
I 06.6
o 57.6
o 38.9
o 52.2
o 49.0
o 36.6
o 34.4
Si.o
53.6
52.7
34.0
30- 2
09.6
17.5
05.6
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
O
O
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
55
38
24
21
12
II
18
35
05
15
34
41
28
38
21
08
54
27
16
39
09
24
22
52
12
02
44
58
55
40
39
54
59
59
40
37
16
23
12
Observer or
authority
F. W. Edmonds
H. C. Mitchell
Do.
H. W. Rhodes
H.C.Mitchell
Do.
Martin Juan
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Ricardo Cirera
Do.
Martin Juan
Ricardo Cirera
Do.
^[artin Juan
Do.
Do.
Ricardo Cirera
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
T. Joveilanos
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do,
Observatory
T. Joveilanos
. Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
PORTO RICO
Group I
Point Viento (2)
Corazon
Ponce
Santa Helena
17 58
18 CXD
18 01
18 02
65 59
66 05
66 36
65 52
1901.24
1901.23
1901.44
1901. 32
Eor JV
o /
I 06 W
o 48 W
o 50. 8 W
o 12 E
EorW
o /
I 08 W
o 50 W
o 52 W
o II E'
J. E. McGrath
Do.
W. C. Dibrell
J. E. McGrath
n This is probably a misprint in "El Mas^netismo Terrcstre en Filipinos.
224
MAGNETIC DECUNATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed iii the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
PORTO RICO— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa- 1
tion
1
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
E or W
/
Observer or
authority
Group /—Continued
,
/
1
1
1
EorW
/
Aibonita
18 08
66 16
1901.46 1
I 33. 1 w
I 34 W
W. C. Dibrell
Vieques Island
18 08
65 27
1901.38
I II. oW
I 12 W
Do.
Lima
18 II
65 42
1901.34
53 W
54 W
J. E. McGrath
Mesa
18 IT
67 06
1901. 12
10 33 w
10 35 W
Do.
Culebra
18 19
65 17
1901.43
I 05. 8 W
I 07 \V
W. C. Dibrell
Atalaya
18 19
67 12
1901.08
45 w
47 w
J. E. McGrath
La Punta
18 22
67 15
1901.13
I 02 W
I 04 \V
Do.
Cruz
18 23
65 43
1902. 25
I 37 w
I 36 w
E. E. Torrev
Aguadilla
18 26
67 09
1901.45
I 00 w
I 01 W
0. W. Ferguson
Loiza
18 26
65 53
1902. 14
I 32 w
I 32 W
W. C. Dibrell
Baja
18 26
66 24
1901. 17
45 W
47 W
J. Nelson
Club
18 28
66 04
1902.08
1 25 w
I 25 w
\V. C. Dibrell
San Juan
18 28
66 08
1901-25
I 02. 6 W
I 04 w
Do.
Fraile
18 29
66 16
1901. 14
I 22 W
I 24 w
J. Nelson
Amador
18 30
66 51 ;
1901-35
I 13 w
I 14 w
B. E. Tilton
Point Caracoles
18 30
66 40
1901-31
I 25 W
I 26 W
0. \V. Ferguson
RHODE ISLAND
Group I
Watch Hill
Point Judith
Boston Neck
McSparran
Newport
Spencer
Providence
Beaconpole
Group II
Sakonnet River
Newport
41 19
41 22
41 27
41 30
41 30
41 41
41 50
42 00
41 27
41 28
71 51
71 29
71 26
71 27
71 20
71 30
71 24
71 27
71 12
71 20
1847. 72
1847. 68
1899.60
1899.65
1896.47
1844. 62
1895. 63
1844.86
1775- 5
1832. 5
7
8
II
II
II
9
II
9
West
33-4
59-7
38.4
51-6
27.9
05.9
35.2
27.0
6 00
8 12
West
o /
10 36
12 02
II 42
11 55
11 39
12 22
11 48
12 41
II
12
42
16
R. H. Fauntlerov
Do.
D. L. Hazard
Do.
G. R. Putnam
T.J.Lee
J. B. Bavlor
T.J.Lee
A. S. Wadsworth
SOUTH CAROLINA
Group I
Graham, Hilton Head I.
Port Royal
Woods
Beaufort
Bay Point
Edisto Island, East Base
Sullivan I., Breach Inlet
Live Oak
Allston
Aiken
Columbia
32 13
80 46
32 r8
80 38
32 23
80 41
32 26
80 40
32 30
80 21
32 33
80 14
32 46
• 79 49
33 03
79 31
33 22
79 17
33 32
81 43
34 00
81 02
1870. 20
1859.09
1902. 27
1875. 37
1902. 25
1850. 26
1902. 35
1902.34
1853-98
1885.97
1900.22
Eor W
I
3
o
I
I
2
o
o
2
I
o
55.
04.
26.
58.
38.
53-
32-
30.
06.
27-
12.
E
E
E
E
W
E
W
W
E
E
E
E or W
o /
02 E
C. 0. Boutelle
30E
Do.
27 E
0. B. French
25 E
C. 0. Boutelle
I 38 w
0. B. French
II W
G. Davidson
32 W
0. B. French
30 w
Do.
45 W
C. 0. Boutelle
33E
J. B. Bavlor
07 E
D. L. Hazard
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES,
225
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
SOUTH CAROLINA-Continued
Station
Group /—Continued
Florence
Marion
Green
Baker
Pelbam
Greers
Spartanburg
Flint Rock
Gold Mine
Gowensville
Talent
Block House
Group II
Beaufort
Robertsville
Yemassee
Mc Pherson ville
Charleston, 5 miles NW,
Blackville
North Augusta
Edgefield
Florence
Lang Place, Kershaw Co.
Marlboro County
Clemson College
Chester
Union
Pacolet
Lati-
tude
34 09
34 09
34 49
34 51
34 52
34 57
3458
34 59
35 02
35 07
35 09
35 12
32 26
32 36
32 40
32 45
32 50
33 2
33 3
33 50
34 09
34 20
Longi-
tude
• • «
34 40
34 41
34 43
34 51
Date of
observa-
tion
79 43
79 24
82 14
82 13
82 13
82 13
81 56
82 13
82 13
82 13
82 13
82 13
80 40 '
81 12
80 48 ;
80 50 '
80 CO
81 15
81 58
81 55
79 43 ;
80 40 I
• • • I
82 50 !
81 14
81 36
81 45
1891.34
1891.35
1896.94
1896.94
1896.90
1896.90
1896.90 i
1896.91 I
1896.92 >
1896.89
1896.93
1896.88
1901.3
1843. 5
1901.3
1901-3
1901.3
1901.3
1901.3
1901-3
1894.6
1901.4
1895
1901
1894
1901.5
1886.4
Declina-
tion ob-
served
EorW
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
00.
22.
15-
09.
17.
06.
04.
03.
25.
o 33.
o 05.
o 16.
o
3
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
2
o
o
I
W
W
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
30
25
o.
01
39
14
42
18
14
19
30
00
30
20
15
E
E
E
E
W
E
E
E
W
W
W
W
E
E
Declina-
tion in
1902
EorW
o /
o 36 W
057W
o 00
o 06 W
o 02 E
10 W
12 W
13 W
10 E
17 E
11 W
01 E
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o 28E
o 01 E
o 01 W
o 01 W
o 41 W
o 12 E
40 E
16 E
38 W
21 VV
51 w
02 W
54 W
18 E
23 E
o
o
o
o
2
o
o
o
o
Observer or
authority
J. B. Baylor
Do.
W. C. Hodgkins
Do.
Do.
. Do.
' Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
George Gage
W. T. Feay
E. W. Screven
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
J. W. Brunson
E. W. Screven
County surveyor
Students
County surveyor
E. W. Screven
G. E. Ladshaw
SOUTH DAKOTA
Group I
/
Yankton
42 53
Sioux Palls
43 33
Mitchell
43 42
Huron
44 21
Pierre
44 22
Redfield
44 53
Watertown
44 55
Gettysburg
45 02
Aberdeen
45 28
Group II
Union County
• •
Clay County
• • •
Yankton
45 53
Yankton County
• • •
Bonhonime County
« • • •
Shannon County
•
97 25
96 44
98 01
98 14
100 22
9831
97 06
99 58
98 29
97 25
1896.38
IQ00.66
i»9b.39
1900.67
1896.40
1900.67
X900. 68
1900.68
1896.41
1864
1862
1896
1864
1868
1889
East
East
/
/
II
10.7
10
49
II
24.8
II
19
II
40.3
II
19
II
08.2
II
03
12
44.4
12
24
12
58.0
12
53
10
02.3
9 57
12
59.8
12
55
12
17.8
II
56
12
04
10
00
12
44
10
36
II
26
11
05
12
16
10
22
13
23
II
30
15
13
14 32 1
R. L. Paris
J. W. Miller
R. L. Paris
J. W. Miller
R. L. Paris
J. W. Miller
Do.
Do.
R. L. Paris
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 11 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 5 stations
27478—02 15
226
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, igo2 — Continued.
SOUTH DAKOTA— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Lugenbeel County
Gregory County
Tripp County
Lincoln County
Turner County
Fall River County
South Cheyenne River
Charles Mix County
Meyer County
Hutchinson County
Douglas County
Washabaugh County
Washington County
Sioux Falls
Minnehaha County
McCook County
Hanson County
Davison County
Custer County
Custer
White River
French Creek
Lyman County
Aurora County
Brule County
Chamberlain
Presho County
Jackson County
Pratt County
Hill
Spring Creek
Pennington County
Moody County
Lake County
Miner County
Sanborn County
Ziebach County
Buffalo County
Jerauld County
Wessington
Cold Springs
Nowlin County
Meade County
Brookings
Brookings County
Kingsbury County
Beadle County
Hughes County
Stanley County
Fort Pierre
Lawrence County
Oak Grove
Spe'arfish
Hyde County
Hand County
Lati-
tude
o /
43 18
43 33
43 45
43 45
43 46
43 48
43 56
43 57
44 06
44 09
• •
• •
44 18
•
44 25
• • • •
44 27
44 30
Longi-
tude
o /
103 50
96 40
103 34
99 45
103 34
99 20
103 33
103 12
98 32
104 02
96 45
100 24
• • • •
103 36
103 50
• • • «
Date of
observa-
tion
893
892
893
863
867
887
877.8
872
892
866
869
892
890
900.8
865
870
870
872
883
896
860.5
877.8
889
873
881
896
1886
890
890
895
877.8
883
867
872
877
873
890
872
875
895
877.6
890
884
901.2
871
874
877
882
890
860.0
881
877.8
885
881
882
Declina-
tion ob-
served
3
2
3
2
2
5
5
3
3
2
4
4
4
o
2
2
2
3
5
5
4
5
3
4
4
2
3
4
3
5
6
5
2
2
2
3
4
3
3
2
5
4
5
o
2
2
3
4
3
4
6
6
6
3
3
East
55
55
00
50
34
19
30.3
47
06
30
33
14
44
10
06
25
56
31
21
30
50
21.5
18
14
05
43
25
00
47
15
21.5
19
37
18
37
43
51
41
24
45
41.3
10
38
55
34
44
14
44
12
45
10
03.7
oo
28
28
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
I
4
5
3
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
4
5
4
o
o
I
2
I
2
4
3
27
19
30
44
40
35
25
08
32
38
46
42
06
05
o 05
35
1 10
52
27
12
00
4 15
33
37
52
23
32
20
06
55
12
23
40
35
10
05
13
03
53
20
40
32
3 48
o 52
45
1 06
35
38
31
55
12
00
13
19
20
Observer or
authority
Mean, 7 stations
Mean, 10 stations
Do.
Mean, 14 stations
Mean, 18 stations
Mean, 35 stations
W. S. Stanton
Mean, 17 stations
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 9 stations
Mean, 3 stations
I station
Mean, to stations
S. B. Howe
Mean, 23 stations
Mean, 16 stations
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 16 stations
County surveyor
W. F. Raynolds
W. S. Stanton
Mean, 24 stations
Mean, 5 stations
Mean, 12 stations
County surveyor
Mean, 30 stations
Mean, 14 stations
Mean, 30 stations
County surveyor
W. S. Stanton
Mean, 25 stations
Mean, 20 stations
Mean, 11 stations
Do.
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 18 stations
Mean, 10 stations
Do.
County silrveyor
W. S. Stanton
Mean, 32 stations
Do.
A.B.Crane
Mean, 20 stations
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 19 stations
Mean, 27 stations
Mean, 40 stations
W. F. Raynolds
Mean, 5 stations
W. S. Stanton
County surveyor
Mean, 22 stations
Mean, 40 stations
MAGNETIC DECUNATION IN UNITED STATES.
227
Table of the most recent magnetic declinatums observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, ipo2 — Continued.
SOUTH DAKOTA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Lonei-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //^—Continued
/
/
•
East
/
East
/
Sterling County
• ••• •••■
1
1890
14 39
14 00
Mean, 26 stations
Scobey County
« •■! •• ••
1890
15 II
14 33
Mean, 28 stations
Cheyenne River
44 35
loi 25
1859. 5
14 30
12 55
W. F. Raynolds
Red Earth Creek
44 35
103 54
1859.5
17 00
15 40
Do.
Belle Fourche
44 40 103 50
1901.0
15 15
15 12
H. E. Thompson
Hamlin County
■■• ••••
1874
12 31
10 55
Mean, 8 stations
Camp on St. Peters River
44 41 ! 97 00
1823. 5
12 21
• • • •
S. H. Long
Deuel County
• • •
1877
12 34
II 03
Mean, 23 stations
Sully County
1
1882
14 37
13 31
Mean, 33 stations
Pratt County
, ••■• ■••
1890
14 23
13 43
Mean, 6 stations
Delano County
. . . . , ...
1891
1508
14 30
Mean, 10 stations
Clark County
> 1
«. .. ... .
1S76
13 26
II 58
Mean, 11 stations
Butte County
k • • •
I89I
15 44
15 12
Mean, 73 stations
Spink County
• «
1878
13 41
12 18
Mean, 17 stations
Codington County
« • •
• i 1874
13 10
II 32
Mean, 11 stations
Faulk County
• •
. 1883
13 45
12 40
Mean, 28 stations
Potter County
• • •
. ! 1883
13 55
12 50
Mean, 27 stations
Grant County
• •
1875
12 25
10 48
Mean, 22 stations
Choteau County
• •
1892
15 24
14 52
Mean, 20 stations
Rinehart County
« •
1892
15 25
14 53
Mean, 16 stations
Little Moreau Rivei
45 18
]
roi
2
1860.5
16 30
14 55
W. F. Raynolds
Day County
• •
1879
13 29
12 08
Mean, 21 stations
Walworth County
• • •
1883
14 05
13 00
Mean, 27 stations
Edmunds County
• •
. 1883
1356
12 50
Mean, 32 stations
Harding County
• • •
1891
15 54
15 24
Mean, 21 stations
Brown County
• •
1881
14 08
12 54
Mean, 35 stations
Roberts County
« • •
1876
12 53
II 20
Mean, 24 stations
Columbia Fm* Co., fort
45 39
96 3
4 1823. 5
12 29
•
S. H. Long
Marshall County
• •
1881
1238
II 24
Mean, 30 stations
McPherson County
• • •
1884
14 22
13 20
Mean, 32 stations
Campbell County
•
1884
14 35
-13 35
Mean, 25 stations
Wagner County '
• «
1892
15 45
15 13
Mean, 9 stations
Martin County
a
1893
15 44
15 16
Mean, 19 stations
Ewing County
« • • •
1893
15 47
15 22
Mean, 4 stations
TENNESSEE
Group I
Chattanooga
Grand Junction
Memphis
Pulaski
Tullahoma
Clifton
Athens
Columbia
Jackson
Murfreesboro
Knoxville
Johnsonville
Big Butt
/
35
01
35 05
35 08
35
13
35
22
35
23
35
27
35 37
35 39
35 53
35 57
36 04
36 04
85 18
89 13
90 04
87 03
86 13
88 01
8437
87 04
88 51
86 25
8356
88 00
82 38
1900.44
1881.69
1901.15
1881.65
1881.59
1865. 18
1881.55
1881.63
1881.71
1881.61
1900.45
1865. 19
1893.8
EorW
o /
I 26. 3 E
5 58.9 E
5 26. 7 E
5 01.5 E
3 30.9 E
5 48 E
I 44-2 E
4 35.5 E
5 49.8 E
4 53.5 E
o 00. 2 W
5 50 E
o 39. o E
EorlV
o /
I
4
5
3
2
3
o
3
4
3
o
3
o
21 E
45 E
24 E
47 E
17 E
40E
30 E
21 E
36 E
40 E
06 W
42 E
12 E
D. L. Hazard
J. B. Baylor
W. Weinrich
J. B. Baylor
Do.
A. T. Mosman
J. B. Baylor
Do.
Do.
Do.
D. L. Hazard
A. T. Mosman
A. H. Buchanan
228
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, 1^02 — Continued.
TENNESSEE— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Group I — Continued
Rutherford
Nashville
Lebanon, North Base
Careyville
Fort Henry
Group II
Polk County, Ga., Line
Lincoln County
Bradley County
Cleveland
Sewanee
Mouth of Okoee River
Lone Savannah
Candy Creek, mouth
Montezuma
Coffee County
Lewis County
Madisonville
Haywood County
Brownsville
Ninemile Creek, Lit.Tenn.R.
Perrysville
Coytee Landing
Loudon
Cope
Sevierville
Clinch R., White Oak Crk.
Clinch River, Knox-Roane
county line
Pigeon River, mouth
Newport
Caswell Station
Knox County
Holston River, mouth
Catletts Ferry
Clinch River, Knox-Ander-
son county line
Dandridge Ferry
Sehorn Creek, mouth
French Br'd R.,So.R7.brdg.
Clinch R. , So. Ry . bridge
New^market
Hinds Creek, mouth
Gleason
Edgefield
Cane Creek, mouth
Lake County
Reelfoot
Powell River, mouth
Hitches Ferry, Clinch R.
Dodson Creek, mouth
Clinch River, r >^ miles be-
low Black Fox Creek
36 09
36 09
36 13
36 18
36 30
35 00
35 10
35 12
35 13
35 14
35 20
35 22
35 31
• • • •
35 34
35 36
35 38
35 43
35 45
35 48
35 52
35 54
35 56
35 57
35 57
• • • «
35 58
35 58
35 59
36 01
36 02
36 05
3608
36 09
36 12
36 12
36 15
36 15
• • •
36 17
36 18
• «
36 20
36 22
Longi-
tude
89 CI
86 48
86 18
84 13
88 04
84 52
85 54
84 39
84 59
84 50
88 42
84 21
• • * •
89 16
84 12
8803
84 15
84 20
85 45
83 32
• • • •
84 16
83 35
83 13
8350
• • • •
83 51
83 31
84 10
83 25
83 20
83 15
84 08
8336
84 09
88 38
86 46
84 06
89 28
84 01
•
83 45
83 41
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
1881.72
1888.60
1898.23
1900.46
1865. 19
901.2
895
895
875.5
900.7
899.8
895
899.9
895
901
895
895
895
901. 2
899.8
895
899.8
900
900?
899.6
899.5
899.5
899.6
901.2
901.2
895
899.6
899.6
899.5
899.6
899.6
899.5
899.5
900. 1
899.5
895
871.9
899.5
901.2
895
899.5
899.5
899.4
899.4
EorW
o /
5 59.6 E
4 31.0 E
3 56.5 E
o II. 2 E
6 24 E
2
3
2
3
2
I
2
00
56
35
30
55
41
00
I 10
3
2
3
o
4
4
o
4
o
o
45
32
48
15
55
15
45
24
15
00
1 50
30
2 04
1 30
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
25
00
15
45
16
23
00
o 14
o 26
o 20
o 24
o 45
o
4
5
o
3
3
I
I
o
o
35
20
02
40
45
30
56
04
30
00
E
E
E
6E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
EorW
o /
4
3
3
o
4
46 E
43 E
43 E
06E
16 E
Observer or
authority
1 57 E
3 33E
2 12 E
1 54 E
2 50 E
I 33 E
I 37 E
1 03 E
3 22 E
2 29 E
3 25E
o 08 W
4 32E
4 12 E
o 37E
4 01 E
o 07 E
05 W
1 45 E
22 E
1 55 E
I 21 E
o 17 E
o 03 W
o 12 E
o 22 E
o 08E
o 15E
o 09 W
o 06 E
o 18 E
o II E
o 15 E
o 38E
o 26 E
3 57E
3 14E
31 E
3 42E
3 07 E
1 47 E
o 55 E
o 21 E
o 09 W
J. B. Baylor
Do.
A. H. Buchanan
D. L. Hazard
A. T. Mosman
J. L. Williams
County surveyor
Do.
F. E. Hilgard
S. M. Barton
G. W. Metcalfe
County surveyor
G. W. Metcalfe
County surveyor
Logan Darnell
County survevor
Do.
Do.
J.D. Anthonv
G. W. Metcalfe
County surveyor
G. W. Metcalfe
J. CM. Bogle
C. C. Benefield
H. S. Bosler
Do.
Do.
Do.
C. B. McNabb
R. A. J. Ai mstrong
Countv surveyor
H.S. Bosler
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
G. W. Metcalfe
H.S. Bosler
County surveyor
T. C. Hilgard
H. S. Bosler
Walter Smith
County surveyor
H.S. Bosler
Do.
Do.
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
229
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United Stales and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
TENNESSEE -Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group II — Continued
/
/
Eor W
/
Eor W
/
Clinch R. , So. Ry. bridge
36 22
8333
1899.4
034 w
043 w
H. S. Bosler
Galbreath Spring
36 22
83 10
1900.0
27 E
20 E
G. W. Metcalfe
Jackson County
• • •
• • • •
1859
5 37 E
307E
Boundary survey
Overton County
• « • •
• « • •
•
• » •
2 48E
Mean, 3 stations
Livingston
36 23
85 20
1892
3 30 E
2 57E
County surveyor
Pleasant Shade
36 23
8558
1896
5 08 E
4 49E
Do.
Rogersville
36 25
83 03
1873. 6
I 49- E
0-05 E
F. E. Hilgard
Cressy Creek, mouth
36 28
82 46
1899.9
19 W
26 W
G. W. Metcalfe
Bluff City
36 28
82 16
1895
15 E
08 W
County surveyor
Sumner County
• • • •
• • •
1895
4 00 E
3 37E
Do.
Obion County
•
• • •
1859
6 17 E
3 52E
Boundary survey
Near Cumberland Gap
36 30
8355
1890.6
05. 7 W
46 W
0. A. Landreth
Henry County
• • • •
* « •
• • •
• a *
5 08E
Boundary survey
Claiborne County
* • •
« • •
1859
4 10 E
I 35E
Do.
Macon County
• • • •
• « •
1859
6 24 E
3 54. E
Do. ^
Robertson County
• • • •
• • • *
1859
7 20 E
4 50E
Do.
Stewart County
• • •
• •
1859
6 48 E
4 18E
Do.
^
PEXAS
Group I
/
/
East
/
East
/
Mouth of Rio Grande
25 57
97 09
1853. 85
9 00.9
7 12
W. H. Emory
Pena
27 19
9839
1890.08
8 30.7
7 52
J. B. Baylor
Laredo, Fort Mcintosh
27 30
99 31
1895. 33
8 34.6
8 14
E. Smith
Laredo
27 32
99 31
1890. 10
847.7
8 12
J. B. Baylor
San Diego
27 46
98 II
1890.08
8 24.1
7 45
Do.
Corpus Christi
27 48
97 23
1890.05
8 25.2
7 46
Do.
Beeville
28 23
97 41
1890.06
857.0
8 18
Do.
CotuUa
28 27
99 14
1901.98
8 42.4
8 42
E. D. Preston
Carrizo Springs
28 30
99 5'
1902.00
9 44.6
9 45
Do.
Port Lavaca
2837
96 37
1890. 16
8 04.5
7 25
J. B. Baylor
Eagle Pass
2844
100 30
1901.99
9 19.5
9 19
E. D. Preston
Victoria
28 48
97 00
1901.72
8 49.2
8 49
J. M. Kuehne
Karnes City
28 53
97 54
1901.74
8 28.0
8 27
Do.
Pearsall
28 55
99 09
1901.97
8 17.2
8 17
E. D. Preston
Jupiter
Eana
2855
95 21
1853.36
9 08.7
7 20
G. W. Dean
28 58
96 40
1901.72
8 12.6
8 12
J. M. Kuehne
Cuero
29 06
97 17
1901.69
8 14.8
8 14
Do.
Lindenau
29 08
97 22
1901.72
8 13.0
8 12
Do.
Columbia
29 10
95 35
1890. 27
7 37.3
659
J. B. Baylor
Spoiford
29 II
100 25
1890. 14
9 13.9
838
Do.
Uvalde
29 13
99 48
1901.85
•9 38. 6
9 39
E. D. Preston
Galveston I., East Base
29 13
94 56
1853. 21
9 05.0
7 16
G. W. Dean
Galveston
29 18
94 47
1895. 44
7 19.3
6 58
E. Smith
Wharton
29 18
96 04
1890. 19
8 19.6
7 41
J. B. Baylor
Hondo
29 19
99 05
1901.83
8 33.4
833
E. D. Preston
Brackettville
29 19
100 25
1901.87
9 09.5
9 09
Do.
Del Rio, S. M.
29 22
100 52
1901.89
9 48.3
9 48
Do.
Del Rio, N. M.
• •
• • • •
1901.89
9 24.3
9 24
Do.
Dollar Point
29 26
94 53
1878. 41
8 17.3
7 07
J. B. Baylor
Hallettsville
29 27
96 57
1901.71 .
8 26.9
8 26
J. M. Kuehne
230
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the mo^t recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
TEXAS— Continued
Station
Group /—Continued
San Antonio, mag. obsy.
Hillside Ranch, mag. obsy.
Gonzales
Houston
Bandera
Langtry
La Grange
Kerrville
Rock Springs
Orange
Liberty
Beaumont
Hempstead
Sanderson
Marathon
Fredericksburg
Austin
Marfa
Alpine
Junction City
Sonora
Valentine
Ozona
Llano
Mason
Eldorado
Menardville
Lampasas
Kent
Belton
Brady
Sierra Blanca
San Saba
Sherwood
Pecos, S. M.
Pecos, N. M.
San Angelo
San Angelo, N. M.
Paint Rock
Groesbeck
Ballinger
El Paso
Boundary
Guadalupe
Coleman
Sterling City
Garden City
Robert Lee
Stephenville
Big Springs
Colorado, station of 1900
Colorado, S. M.
Cisco
Kaufman
Mineola
Lati-
tude
/
29 27
29 29
29 30
29 42
29 44
29 48
29 53
30 01
30 01
30 03
30 04
30 P5
30 08
30 09
30 14
30 15
30 15
30 19
30 22
30 29
30 35
30 35
30 43
30 44
30 45
30 52
30 54
31 01
31 04
31 04
31 08
31 10
31 II
31 17
31 26
• • •
31 28
• • • •
31 30
31 32
31 45
31 46
31 47
31 49
31 50
31 51
31 52
31 54
32 13
32 15
32 23
• • •
32 23
32 35
32 40
Lonri-
tude
98 28
98 32
97 26
95 20
99 05
loi 35
96 53
99 08
100 12
93 43
94 50
94 05
96 10
102 26
103 16
9853
97 45
104 01
103 40
99 53
100 40
104 30
loi 13
9841
99 14
100 39
99 51
98 II
104 14
97 28
99 21
105 18
9843
100 48
103 33
• • •
100 26
a
99 55
96 31
9958
106 29
106 31
103 55
99 25
loi 00
loi 29
100 29
98 12
loi 28
100 52
• • •
9856
96 19
95.26
Date of !
observa- '
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
892
895
901
890
901
890
890
901
901
890
890
890.
878
890
902
901
901
902
902
901
901
902
901
901
901
901
901
901
902
901
901
888
901
901
901
901
901
901
901
901
892
902
901
901
901
901
901
901
901
901
888
901
888,
33
07
70
25
47
14
23
47
49
29
28
29
48
12
02
47
36
04
00
51
54
06
54
45
46
53
52
35
06
34
44
93
45
55
90
90
56
60
41
33
40
29
33
07
43
61
62
61
31
62
64
64
95
32
97
9
9
East
o /
8 48.5
8 43.9
8 II. 4
7 56.5
8 34.9
9 33.3
8 04.7
8 28.8
9 30.4
7 09.8
7 48.9
7 30.7
8 36.7
10 08.4
9 21.6
859.2
8 06.8
10 44.0
10 09.5
9 06.8
9 22.4
11 06.0
9 35.6
15.0
48.7
9 10.9
8 31.0
8 24.1
10. o
8 25.2
9 33.0
17.7
857.6
9 36.5
10 20.2
10 29. 3
9 25.9
9 30.3
9 49-2
8 27.1
9 53.2
11 46.0
II 53.3
10 57. 2
9 20.8
10 24.8
10 34. 7
9 58.2
8 47.6
10 14.8
10 49. 2
10 47.6
938.1
7 59.5
8 07.3
II
II
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
/
8 17
8 21
8 II
7 18
833
857
7 26
8 27
9 29
6
7
6
7
9
9
32
II
53
27
36
22
858
8 05
10 44
10 10
9
9
05
21
II 06
9 34
9
9
9
13
47
09
8 30
8 22
II 10
8 23
9 31
10 44
856
9 35
10 20
10 29
9 25
9 29
9 47
825
9 51
11 28
II 28
10 57
9 19
10 24
10 34
9 57
8 46
10 14
10 48
10 46
9 00
7 57
7 25
Observer or
authority
Halter & Schultz
Do.
J. M. Kuehne
J. B. Baylor
F. M. Little
J. B. Baylor
J. B. Baylor
F. M. Little
Do.
J. B. Baylor
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
E. D. Preston
F. M. Little
WaUis & Little
E. D. Preston
Do.
F. M. Little
Do.
E. D. Preston
F. M. LitUe
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Wallis & LitUe
E. D. Preston
Wallis & Little
F. M. Little
J. B. Baylor
F. M. LitUe
Do.
E. D. Preston
Do.
F. M. Little
Do.
Do.
WaUis & LitUe
F. M. Little
E. Smith
O. B. French
E. D. Preston
Wallis & LitUe
F. M. Little
Do.
Do.
Wallis & LitUe
F. M. LitUe
Do.
Do.
J. B. Baylor
Wallis & LitUe
J. B. Baylor
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
231
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories redtued to January i, ipo2 — Continued.
TEXAS— Continued
Station
I^ti-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group /^Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Snyder
32 43
100 56
1901- 65
10 25. 7
10 25
F. M. Little
Albany
32 43
99 18
1901.66
9 26.0
9 25
Do.
Roby
32 45
100 22
1901- 65
lo 15. 7
10 15
Do.
Anson
32 45
99 54
1901.66
10 15.0
10 14
Do.
Anson, S. M.
• • • •
• • •
1901.66
9 50.8
9 50
Do.
Fort Worth
32 45
97 20
1888.96
9 07.2
8 25
J. B. Baylor
Breckenridge
32 46
9853
1901.67
9 33-1
9 32
F. M. Little
Palo Pinto
32 46
98 17
1901. 68
8 59.8
8 59
Do.
Mineral Wells
32 48
98 06
1901.69
9 or. I
9 00
Do.
Graham
33 04
9835
1901. 70
9 10.
9 09
Do.
Aspermont
33 07
100 13
1901. 72
10 50.0
10 49
Do.
Haskell
33 10
99 43
1901. 71
9 46.8
9 46
Do.
Clairemont
33 10
100 45
1901. 72
10 II. 2
10 10
Do.
Throckmorton
33 II
99 10
1901.71
9 35.1
9 34
Do.
Jacksboro
33 13
9809
1901.69
908.3
9 07
Do.
Texarkana
33 26
94 03
1901. 34
7 18.8
7 17
W. Weinrich
Benjamin
33 34
99 48
1901. 74
9 54.0
9 53
F. M. Little
Sherman
33 36
9636
1878. 52
9 19.9
8 10
J. B. Baylor
Seymour
33 36
99 16
1901. 75
9 46.4
9 46
F. M. LitUe
Dickens
33 37
100 50
1901- 73
10 04.6
10 04
Do.
Guthrie
33 37
100 19
1901. 74
10 45.6
10 45
Do.
Gainesville
33 37
97 09
1900.04
9 063
859
J. A. Fleming
Henrietta
33 49
98 12
1900.03
9 07.5
9 01
Do.
Vernon
34 09
99 18
1900.94
9 40.9
9 37
W. C. DibreU
Memphis
34 45
100 32
1900.01
9 49.4
9 42
T. A. Fleming
Amanllo
35 14
loi 51
1900.00
II 31.6
II 25
Do.
Group II
1
Binggold Barracks
26 23
9843
1853. 5
9 15
726
W. H. Emory
San Patricio
27 57
97 46
1873
9 05
7 44
County surveyor
Rockport
28 01
97 04
1895
7 47
7 26
Do.
Refugio
Pass Carallo
28 18
97 15
1887
8 45
7 59
Do.
28 21
96 24
1879. 6
8 20 .
7 12
U. S. engineers
Matagorda
Goliad
28 41
95 58
1877. 5
825
7 13
A. H. Bishop
28 41
97 24
1895
8 15
7 54
County surveyor
Wilson County, S. comer
28 53
98 14
IQOI. 2
8 47
8 44
W. T. Sutherland
Batesville
28 56
99 34
1893
8 50
8 24
County surveyor
Pleasanton
28 59
9830
1893
855
8 28
Do.
Floresville
2908
98 13
1886.6
8 56
8 08
W. T. Sutherland
Wied
29 25
97 07
IQ00.6
8 10. 1
8 05
J. M. Kuehne
San Antonio
29 27
98 28
1895
9 45
9 24
County surveyor
Colorado County
« • •
•
1894
9 23
858
Do.
Bandera County
• • • •
« • •
1894
855
8 30
Do.
Houston
29 42
95 20
1895
7 08 .
6 47
Do.
Sabine River, mouth
29 44
93 52
1840. I
8 40.2
6 49
J. D. Graham
Sealy
29 47
96 09
1895
850
8 29
County surveyor
Comal County
• •
• • • •
1895
7 47
7 26
Do.
Boeme
29 49
98 39
1892.4
856
8 26
R. K. Croskey
Wallisville
29 49
94 45
1895
7 08
6 47
County surveyor
Eminence
29 49
94 42
I90I. 2
7 35
7 32
G. H. Giddings
Bellville
29 57
96 16
1898.3
8 15
803
J. H. Machemehl
Dryden
29 57
102 07
1896
10 30
10 15
County surveyor
Brenham
30 10
96 24
1893
8 28
8 00
Do.
Johnson
30 16
98 22
1896
9 15
8 58
Do.
Willis
30 27
95 30
1838. 5
9 31
7 41
L. Burnes
232
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories redtued to Jayiuary /, igoz — Continued.
TEXAS— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued.
/
/
East
/
East
/
Georgetown
30 38
97 40
1893
8 26
758
County surveyor
Brazos
30 42
96 20
1823. 5
10 37
«
Burnet
30 44
98 13
1873. 9
9 46
.8 26
J. W. Glenn
Polk County
• • • •
• • • •
1895
8 15
7 54
County surveyor
Cameron
30 50
96 59
1893
8 30
8 02
Do.
Ne^lon
30 51
93 43
1895
7 45
7 24
Do.
Menard County
• •
• • « »
1901.2
8 30
827
D. W. Maddox
Jasp)er
30 56
93 56
1895
7 29
708
County surveyor
Franklin
31 01
96 30
1895
8 50
8 29
Do.
Mouth of Canyon
31 02
105 37
1852.5
12 01
10 46
W. H. Emory
Goldthwaite
31 28
9834
1895
9 30
9 10
County surveyor
Nacogdoches
31 36
94 37
1895
8 00
7 39
Do.
Coleman County
• •
• • • •
1895
8 50
8 30
Do.
Cherokee
31 45
95 00
1835.5
9 20
7 33
Center
31 46
94 08
1895
7 20
6 59
Do.
Rusk
31 48
95 08
1892
8 00
7 29
Do.
Frontera
31 49
106 33
1859. 1
12 25.0
II II
J.H.Clark
Odes.sa
31 49
102 18
1891
10 50
10 22
County surveyor
Midland
31 57
102 02
1887
II 20
10 43
Do.
25 miles south of Abilene
32 02
99 40
1901.2
9 37
9 34
W. A. Riney
Panola County
• • •
a • • •
1895
8 00
7 39
County surveyor
Henderson
32 09
94 45
1901. 1
7 45
7 42
R. H. Thompson
20 miles S. of W. of Abilene
32 12
99 49
1901.2
9 37
9 35
W. A. Riney
Erath County
« •
• « • •
1888
9 30
8 50
County surveyor
Somervell County
• • •
•
1895
9 15
855
Do.
hastland
32 21
98 45
1889
9 40
9 03
Do.
5 miles east of Abilene
32 22
99 34
1901.2
9 45
9 42
W. A. Riney
Granbury
32 26
97 48
1892
8 45
8 18
County surveyor
Gregg County
• • •
* •
1901. 2
7 40
7 37
J. H. Simmons
Longview
32 29
94 41
1872. 3
8 37.8
7 15
T. C. Hilgard
Canton
32 30
95 50
1894
7 22
657
County surveyor
Gail
32 42
loi 27
1894
9 00
837
Do.
Fort Worth
32 45
97 20
1891
8 56
8 22
Do.
Rockwall
32 54
96 29
1895
7 45
7 24
Do.
Brazos River, Fork
33 00
99 17
1854. 5
11 12
9 40
Young County
• • « •
* • «
1894
9 50
9 27
Do.
Rayner
33 06
99 59
1895
9 45
9 25
Do.
Douglassville
33 08
94 20
1896
7 00
6 40
Do.
Sulphur Springs
3308
95 32
1888.4
8 48
8 05
E. A. Wells
Franklin County
* •
• • •
1901. 2
7 30
7 27
G. E. Cowan
McKinney
33 II
96 35
1894
9 24
9 00
County survevor
Trinity River, West Fork
33 29
98 52
1854. 5
10 17
8 45
J. Pope
Trinity Waters •
33 34
98 15
1854. 5
10 27
855
Do.
Archer
33 35
98 35
1894
825
8 02
County surveyor
Red River County
• • •
• • • •
1874
9 30
8 II
Do.
Trinity River, Elm Fork
33 42
97 23
1854. 5
10 36
847
J.Pope
Denison
33 43
96 33
1894
9 46
9 21
County survevor
Paducah
34 03
100 12
1895
10 09
9 49
Do.
Plainview
34 09
loi 34
1896
II 30
II 13
Do.
Quanah
34 16
99 42
1892
10 02
9 33
Do.
Panhandle
35 19
loi 21
1888
II 13
10 36
Do.
Canadian
35 54
100 24
1889
II 04
10 29
Do.
Sherman Co., Okla. Line
• • « *
• • • •
1901.1
II 15
II 12
A. F. Loomis
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
233
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United Statec and outlying
territories reduced to January /, 1^2 — Continued.
UTAH
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group I
/
/
East
/
East
/
Mount Ellen
3807
no 49
1891.63
15 07.6
14 47
P. A. Welker
Beaver
38 16
112 38
1885. 74
15 29.9
1506
G. F. Bird
Tamarac
38 24
112 24
1885. 62
15 37.0
15 12
Do.
Tushar
38 25
112 24
1885.66
15 22.0
14 57
Do.
Milford
38 25
113 00
1885. 74
15 13.3
14 40
Do.
Mount Waas
38 32
109 14
1893.58
14 35. 4
14 18
R. L. Paris
Warner Ranch
38 34
109 32
1893.61
15 10.9
14 53
Do.
Wa.satch
39 07
III 27
1890.65
16 37.7
16 17
P. A. Welker
Deseret
39 18
112 38
1884.73
16 10.3
15 45
Eimbeck & Bird
Scipio
39 24
112 12
1884. 67
16 10. 1
15 44
Do.
Patmos Head
39 30
no 19
1890.81
15 54.0
15 32
P. A. Welker
Nephi
39 42
III 51
1883. 85
16 27.2
16 00
Eimbeck & Bird
Mount Neb y
39 48
III 46
1887.57
16 17.2
15 53
Eimbeck &Turner
Provo
40 15
III 40
1883.86
16 31.6
16 03
Eimbeck & Bird
Mount Guyot (Deseret)
40 27
112 37
1892. 67
16 42.9
16 28
P. A. Welker
I^ke shore
40 40
112 26
1887. 79
16 38. 2
16 16
Eimbeck &Turner
Salt Lake
40 46
III ^4
1893- 43
16 22.0
16 06
R. L. Paris
City Creek
40 48
III 53
1893.42
16 35. 7
16 20
W. Eimbeck
Waddoup
40 54
III 53
1892.41
16 34- 7
16 17
R.L. Paris
Antelope
Castle Rock
40 58
112 13
1892. 75
16 18.3
16 01
Do.
41 08
III 10
1878. 80
16 57. 1
16 24
J. B. Baylor
Ogden Peak
41 12
III 53
1888.71
17 25.8
17 02
J. H. Turner
Ogden
41 13
112 00
1886.71
17 24.6
17 00
R. A. Marr
Promontory
41 18
112 25
1892.55
17 07.4
16 50
P. A. Welker
Corinne
41 33
112 06
1881.35
17 30.9
17 00
Eimbeck & Man-
Kelton
41 45
113 08
1881.34
17 45.5
17 15
Do.
Group II
Kanab
37 02
112 32
1872. 5
14 23.0
13 53
Marshall & Austin
St. George
37 07
113 35
1871.5
16 27
16 00
Engineer officer
R. L. Hoxie
Camp on Virgin River
3708
113 20
1872.5
15 29.0
15 02
Pahreah
37 II
III 53
1872.5
14 30
13 55
W. L. Marshall
Paria River
37 14
III 56
1872.5
14 13
1338
R. L. Hoxie
Toquerv'ille
37 15
113 16
1872.5
16 II, I
15 44
Engineer officer
Kane County, west
• • • •
• • • B
1878
15 10
14 40
Mean, 9 stations
Washington County
Pine Valley, near
• • • «
« • •
1873
1556
15 29
Mean, 6 stations
37 24
113 31
1872.5
16 00
15 33
W. L. Marshall
Water pocket, near Esca-
37 28
III 02
1873. 5
15 38. 5
15 04
R. L. Hoxie
lante River
Iron City
37 33
113 27
1872.5
18 30
18 03
W. L. Marshall
W^elcome Creek
37 34
III 27
1873. 5
15 07
14 32
R. L. Hoxie
Asay Ranch
37 34
112 32
1872.5
16 51.0
16 20
Do.
Antelope Springs
37 46
113 26
1872.5
16 20.0
15 53
W. L. Marshall
Desert Spring
37 49
113 57
1872.5
16 20
15 53
Do.
Iron County, east
• «
« • • a •
1872
16 20
15 50
Mean, 5 stations
Iron County, "west
• •
• • • a •
1879
15 46
15 20
Mean, 3 stations
Paragonah
37 55
112 48
1872.5
19 30
19 00
W. L. Marshall
Mammoth Mill
3805
113 46
1873.5
1552
15 25
R. L. Hoxie
Circleville
38 10
112 24
1872. 5
21 30
21 00
Marie
Minersville
38 13
112 56
1872.5
16 30
16 00
W. L. Marshall
Fremont River
38 16
III II
1873. 5
16 20
15 45
R. L. Hoxie
Dirty Devil Canyon
38 17
III CO
1873.5
16 iS
15 43
Do.
Fort Cameron
38 17
III 44 ,
1873. 5
16 24
15 49
G. M. Wheeler
234
MAGNETIC DECI/INATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories redticed to January 7, 1^2 — Continued.
UTAH— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Mill Spring Station
Rabbit Valley
Hay Spring
Grass Spring
Wayne County
Piute County
Beaver County, east
Beaver County, west
San Francisco Spring
Hawahwah Spring
Grass Valley
Black RocV Spring
Emery County, southwest
Sevier County
Gunnison Trail
Camp, near Sevier Lake
Millard County, southwest
Millard County, southeast
Meadow Creek
Fillmore
Muddy Creek
Ferron Creek
Cedar Springs j
Cottonwood Creek 1
Sanpete County, south
Emery County, northwest
Millard County, northeast 1
Joe Valley
Mount Pleasant
Sevier Pass
Sanpete County, north
Carbon County
Sulphur
Juab County, east
Juab County, west
Fish Springs
Eureka City
Santaquin
Simpson Spring
Utah County, east
Utah County, west
Faust Station
Tooele County, southeast
Tooele County, southwest
Fairfield
Wasatch County, west
Uinta County, north
Salt Lake Base
Salt Lake County
Tooele County, northeast
Fort Douglas
vSalt Lake
Summit County, west
38 17
38 19
38 19
38 20
• •
• • •
38 27
38 30
3834
38 43
38 48
38 50
3851
3857
3859
39 05
39 08
39 14
T ^«^ 1 I^ate of
tion
39 25
39 32
39 33
39 41
39 52
39 58
39 59
40 02
40 12
• « •
• • •
III 12
111 29
112 17
113 46
113 21
112 07
111 48
112 47
112 27
113 30
III 25 .
113 00 '
III 54
• • • I
113 17
113 30
111 50
112 57
III 30
113 15
112 26
112 17
III 09
III 07
113 00
III 03
40 16 ; 112 05
40 35 1 III 10
40 46
40 46
III 50
III 54
872.5
873.5
872.5
872.5
882
871
882
871
872.5
869.5
872.5
872.5
874
885
873.5
872.5
875
870
872.5
872.5
873.5
873.5
872.5
873.5
891
891
881
873.5
873.5
872.5
872
894
859.5
875
883
872.5
872.5
872.5
859.4
884
889
872.5
873
877
872.5
880
893
891.8
880
889
872.5
895
881
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
7
6
6
7
6
6
5
6
6
6
20
20
15.6
45.2
00
05
50
34
58
39.9
7 45
6
6
6
6
7
6
6
6
6
02
16
30
00
28
30
25
II
22.5
6 00
6 16
7 09
'50
6 25
6 12
6 20
7 00
7 10
00
6 30
6 15
556
6 45
7 00
7 04.8
7 09
7 26
6 42
6 50
:6 30
[6 51.7
t6 50
:6 58
6 59- 5
6 42
6 22
6 49. 7
:6 30
6 25
7 01
6 30
657
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
O f
6
5
5
7
5
5
5
6
6
6
7
5
5
6
5
7
6
5
5
5
53
45
46
10
30
30
25
05
30
10
10
32
42
03
25
00
04
57
40
52
5 25
5 41
6 40
6 15
6 06
53
50
25
35
25
55
00
5 35
6 II
^635
638
6 35
651
6 15
6 22
6 07
6 20
6 20
6 32
6 25
6 10
6 04
631
558
6 05
6 26
6 18
6 26
Observer or
authority
R. L. Hoxie
Do.
Do.
W. L. Marshall
Mean, 8 stations
Mean, 2 stations
Mean, 10 stations
Mean, 4 stations
R. L. Hoxie
Wheeler & Lock-
wood
W. L. Marshall
R. L. Hoxie
Mean, 4 stations
Mean, 19 stations
R. L. Hoxie
Do.
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 5 stations
R. L. Hoxie
Hoxie, Wheeler,
Austin
R. L. Hoxie
Do.
Marie
R. L. Hoxie
Mean, 3 stations
Mean, 12 stations
Mean, 9 stations
R. L. Hoxie
Do.
W. L. Marshall
Mean, 7 stations
County sm^eyor
J. H. Simpson
Mean, 14 stations
Mean, 2 stations
R. L. Hoxie
W. L. Marshall
Do.
J. H. Simpson
Mean, 6 stations
Mean, 24 stations
R. L. Hoxie
Mean, 15 stations
Mean, 2 stations
R. L. Hoxie
Mean, 7 stations
Do.
N. P. Anderson
Mean, 17 stations
Mean, 2 stations
G.M.\^Tieeler
County surveyor
Mean, 17 stations
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
235
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlyirig
territories reduced to January 7, 1^2 — Continued.
UTAH—Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
•
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Summit County, east
ft • • •
• • •
1893
16 25
16 08
Mean, 2 stations
Schneider Creek
40 56
III 42
1858.9
19 55
19 24
J. H. Simpson
Parmington
40 59
III 55
1891
16 29
16 10
County surveyor
Davis County
• • • •
• • • •
1888
17 02
16 38
Mean, 5 stations
Near Pilot Peak
41 01
113 59
1892.6
17 08.3
16 54
N. P. Anderson
Near Morgan
41 02
III 42
1889.7
16 19
15 57
Do.
Morgan County
•
• • • •
1879
16 44
16 12
Mean, 9 stations
Ogden
41 13
m 58
1895
16 30
16 18
County surveyor
Weber County
• ft
• • • •
1888
17 10
16 46
Mean, 8 stations
Boxelder County, west
• •
« • « • •
18^3
17 41
17 21
Mean, 25 stations
Boxelder
41 30
112 02
1884.2
17 23.5
1656
N. P. Anderson
Bear River
41 37
112 08
1881.7
17 30
17 00
Do.
NE. cor. T. 10 N., R. 3 E.
41 38
III 34
1891.6
17 44.4
17 29
Do.
Rich County
• • •
• • • •
1875
17 22
16 48
Mean, 4 stations
10 m. SE. of Laketown
41 45
III 10
1877.5
17 48
17 15
S.E.Tillman
Boxelder Coimty, east
• « • •
• • • • •
1881
17 51
17 20
Mean, 35 stations
Cache County
• • •
• • • • •
1892
17 30
17 12
Mean, 9 stations
MeELdowville, near
41 51
III 22
1877. 5
18 01
17 28
S. E. Tillman
Logan River, East Fork
41 56
III 33
1877. 5
17 33
17 00
Do.
VERMONT
Group I
/
/
West
/
West
/
Brattleboro
42 49
72 34
1898.84
II 38.3
II 45
E. Smith
Rutland
43 37
72 59
1898.80
12 01.8
12 09
Do.
Montpelier
44 15
72 32
1898.82
13 49.5
13 56
Do.
Burlington
44 29
73 12
1898.81
12 30.6
12 38
Dp.
Group II
*
Pownal
42 46
73 13
1786.5
5 52
II 50
Williams
Newfane
43 00
72 39
1901.2
12 25
12 27
C. E. Skinner
Bellows Falls
43 09
72 28
1876. 6
II 06.7
12 20
F. E. Hilgard
Winhall
43 10
72 48
1895
12 15
12 30
County surveyor
Woodstock
43 36
72 35
1897.0
12 30
12 41
H. F. Dunham
White River Junction
43 40
72 18
1876. 6
II 05.3
12 19
F. E. Hilgard
West Hartford
43 42
72 22
1860.2
II 09
13 31
J. M. Clark
South Newbury
44 03
72 06
1901.2
II 58
12 00
Irving Abbott
Wells River
44 09
72 05
1876. 6
II 54.5
13 08
F. E. Hilgard
Ryegate
44 10
72 10
1801.5
7 00
12 50
J. Whitelaw
St. Johnsbury
44 26
71 55
1837. 5
9 16
13 19
A. C. Turning
Essex Junction
44 31
73 06
1849. 6
9 24
12 34
J. M. Clark
Johnson
44 37
72.41
1900.3
15 20
15 23
C. H. Cristy
Barton
44 44
72 II
1837. 5
10 51
14 54
A. C. Tummg
North Hero
44 50
73 17
1895
13 00
13 15
County surveyor
Swanton Falls
44 56
73 09
1850. 3
II 28
14 35
J.M.Clark
Derby
•
45 00
72 12
1876. 6
13 18.2
14 32
F. E. Hilgard
236
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinatioyis observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, ipo2 — Continued.
VIRGINIA
Station
Group I
Dismal Swamp, B. stone
Hines, N. C. boundary
Knott Island, north end
Bristol
Stuart
Stuart, S. M.
Emporia
White Rock
Big Knob
Rogers
OldTown
Abingdon
Martinsville, school grounds
Martinsville, 300 feet south
Martinsville, N. M.
Martinsville, S. M.
Houston
Hillsville
Buffalo
Chatham
Chatham, S. M.
Chatham, N. M.
Marion
Norfolk
Cape Henry
Wytheville
Rocky Mount
Old Point Comfort
Smithville, N, M.
Smithville, S. M.
Pulaski City
Dinwiddie, N. M.
Dinwiddie, S. M.
Cape Charles
Tazewell
Christiansburg
Nottoway, S. M.
Nottoway, N. M.
Petersburg, S. M.
Petersburg, N. M.
York River
Williamsburg
Cape Charles City
Rustburg
Farmville, S. M.
Farmville, N. M.
Scott
Salem
Bedford City
Pearisburg
Charles City, S. M.
Charles City, N. M.
Amelia, N. M.
Amelia, S. M.
West Appomattox
West Appomattox, S. M.
Lati-
tude
36 33
36 33
36 34
3636
36 39
• • •
36 40
36 40
36 40
36 40
36 40
36 42
36 42
• • •
36 42
Longi-
tude
76 23
76 34
75 55
82 10
80 16
• *
77 32
83 27
82 30
81 33
8057
81 58
79 52
• • •
79 53
36 46
7856
36 47
80 44
36 48
8a 29
36 50
79 23
• • • •
• • •
36 50
81 31
36 52
76 16
3656
76 00
36 57
81 04
37 00
79 53
37 00
76 18
37 04
78 40
« •
37 04
• • • •
8047
37 05
77 35
• • • •
37 07
• • •
75 58
37 07
81 31
3708
80 24
37 08
78 06
37 14
a • •
77 23
37 15
• « • a
76 24
37 16
76 43
37 16
76 02
37 17
79 06
37 18
78 25
Date of
observa-
tion
• « • »
37 20
37 20
« • • •
75 54
80 06
37 20
37 21
37 21
79 31
80 44
77 03
37 21
• • • •
77 59
• • •
37 22
78 50
1886. 95
1887. 1 1
1873. 30
i89».35
1901.78
1901. 79
1897. 40
1893. 54
1893-7
1894.6
1902. 48
1897. 58
1901.77
1901.77
1901.80
1901. 80
1897.57
1902. 47
1895. 73
1901.81
1901.81
1901.81
1898.36
1897. 39
1895.45
1898.37
1901.76
1902. 02
1901.87
1901.87
1902. 46
1901.90
1901.90
1856. 68
1898.38
1897. 59
1901.88
1901.88
1901.89
1901.89
1902.02
1887. 28
1900. 41
1901. 74
1901. 83
1901. 83
1856. 68
1900.41
1902. 43
1902. 46
1901.66
1901.66
1901.86
1901.86
1901. 81
1901. 82
Declina-
tion ob-
served
1
EorW
3
3
2
o
I
I
3
o
o
o
o
o
I
2
2
2
2
O
o
2
2
2
I
4
3
15.
04.
54.
21.
53.
47.
29.
18.
19.
13.
36.
12.
59.
32.
28.
II.
23.
54.
08.
15
31.
13-
02.
17.
56.
49.
1 52.
20
42.
42.
12.
12.
17.
35.
40.
58.
12.
17.
36.
44-
26
02.
17.
29.
09.
10.
37.
24.
35.
02.
41.
38.
54.
53.
17.
25.
9W
7 W
8 W
W
W
W
W
E
W
E
W
W
W
W
8 W
o W
9 W
3W
9W
W
2 W
4W
o W
8 W
4
2
2
I
3
3
I
I
o
3
3
3
3
4
3
4
3
3
3
I
I
3
2
4
4
3
3
2
I
W
W
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
o W
8W
5
4
4
6
4
6
5
3
2
6
7
W
W
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
8 W
4 W
6 W
W
1 W
4
3
9
I
3
4
I
5
7
7
5
7
Declina-
tion in
1902
OKserver or
authority
West
/
4 02
C.H.Sinclair
3 51
Do.
4 31
A. T. Mosman
33
E. Smith
I 54
W. F. Wallis
I 48
Do.
3 42
J. B. Baylor
■0 09
A. H. Buchanan
46
Do.
10
Do.
35
E. D. Preston
27
0. B. French
2 01
W. F. Wallis
2 33
Do.
2 29
Do.
2 12
Do.
2 37
0. B. French
53
E. D. Preston
29
A. H. Buchanan
2 16
W. F. Wallis
2 32
Do.
2 14
Do.
I 13
E. Smith
4 31
J. B. Baylor
4 16
Do.
I 01
E. Smith
I 53
W. F. Wallis
4 20
E. Smith
2 43
W. F. Wallis
2 43
Do.
I II
E. D. Preston
3 13
W. F. Wallis
3 18
Do.
4 13
C. A. Sohott
I 52
E. Smith
I 13
0. B. French
3 12
W. F. Wallis
3 18
Do.
3 37
W. F. Wallis
3 45
Do.
4 26
E. Smith
3 48
J. B. Baylor
4 21
Do.
3 30
W. F. Wallis
3 10
Do.
3 "
Do.
4 16
C. A. Schott
I 29
J.D.Thompson
3 35
E. D. Preston
2 01
Do.
4*43
W. F. Wallis
4 40
Do.
3 55
Do.
3 54
Do.
2 18
Do.
I 26
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
237
Table of the most recent magnetic declinaiio7is observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
VIRGINIA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group /—Continued
/
/
EorlV
/
West
/
Appomattox
37 23
7848
1901.82
3 31- I W
3 32
W. F. Wallis
Wolftrap
37 24
76 15
1871. 36
2 49- 3 W
4 33
A. T. Mosman
Lynchburg
37 25
79 09
1901.73
2 24. 8 W
2 26
W.F. Wallis
Fincastle
37 30
79 53
1902.44
I 25.4 w
I 24
E. D. Preston
Cumberland, N. M.
37 31
78 15
1901.84
3 46. 7 W
3 47
W. F. Wallis
Cumberland, S. M.
a • •
•
1901. 84
3 46 W
3 46
Do.
New Kent
37 31
76 59
1901.64
4 10. 3 W
4 II
Do.
New Castle
37 31
8006
1902. 45
I 42. w
I 41
E. D. Preston
Richmond
37 33
77 28
1901. 63
3 45.0 W
3 46
W.F: Wallis
Powhatan, N. M.
37 33
77 55
1901-85
3 44. W
3 44
Do.
Powhatan, S. M.
• • •
• • • •
1901-85
3 43. W
3 43
Do.
Buckingham
37 34
7832
1901.67
4 19- 5 W
4 20
Do.
Amherst
37 36
79 03
1901. 73
2. 43- 7 W
2 44
Do.
Rappahannock River
37 37
76 18
1902.02
4 42 w
4 42
E. Smith
Natural Bridge
37 38
79 32
1900.32
I 52. 8 W
I 58
Brown&Thompson
Goochland
37 41
77 54
IQ01.66
3 50.8 W
3 52
W. F. Wallis
Accomac
37 41
75 42
1897. 38
4 44.9 W
458
J.B.Baylor
Joynes
37 42
75 37
1856. 68
2 03. 3 W
4 41
C.A.Schott
Lo\dngston
37 46
7853
1901.71
2 36. 7 W
2 38
W. F. Wallis
North Mountain
37 46
79 44
1884.14
I 05. 1 W
2 06
J.B.Baylor
Lexington
37 47
79 27
1897.60
2 06 W
2 20
0. B. French
Tangier Island
37 48
75 59
1871.47
3 03. 2 W
4 46
A. T. Mosman
Covington
37 48
79 59
1900.33
2 01 W
2 06
J. D. Thompson
Palmyra
37 51
78 16
1901.68
5 22. 3 W
5 23
W. F. Wallis
Palmyra, S. M
• • • •
* • • •
1901.69
4 28.4 w
4 29
Do.
Palmyra, N. M
Snead
• •
• • • •
1901.69
4 28 W
4 29
Do.
37 58
75 26
1856. 67
2 18.4 W
4 56
C. A. Schott
Goshen
37 59
79 30
1900.48
2 26.7 W
2 31
W. M. Brown
Louisa
38 02
78 00
1901.70
5 02. 1 W
5 <^3
W. F. Wallis
Charlottesville
3803
78 30
1901.70
3 37- 2 W
3 3^
Do.
Greenwood
3803
78 47
1900.33
3 32. 1 W
3 37
W.M.Brown
Warm Springs
3803
79 45
1900.48
2 25,4 W
2 30
Do.
Staunton
3809
79 04
1900.41
2 33.8 W
2 39
Brown&Thompson
Orange
38 14
78 06
1900.34
2 55- 1 W
3 00
W. M. Brown
Burketown
38 18
7856
1900.49
2 52.4 w
2 57
^ Do.
Stanardsville
38 18
78 27
1900.51
3 25. 6 W
3 30
^ Do.
Fredericksburg
38 18
77 27
1900.35
4 12.0 W
4 17
Do.
Clark Mountain
38 19
78 00
• 1871.64
I 46. 8 W
3 32
CO. Boutelle
Madison
38 23
78 15
1900.51
4 53.7 W
458
W. M. Brown
Elkton
38 24
78 37
1900.51
3 09.8 W
3 14
Do.
Monterey
38 25
79 35
1900.44
2 55. oW
3 00
Do.
Stafford
38 25
77 24
1900.62
4 20..4 W
4 25
J. W. Miller
Harrisonburg
38 27
78 52
1900. 49
2 58. 2 W
3 03
W. M. Browr
Culpeper
38 29
77 59
1000.31
2 00. 8 W
;2 06
Brown&Thomp.son
Calverton
3838
77 41
1900.34
3 42. 7 W
3 48
J. A. Fleming
Luray
38 40
78 27
1900.53
3 20. 7 W
3 25
W. M. Brown
Alwington
3842
77 47
1900.34
8 25. 7 W
831
L. A. Bauer
Washington
3843
78 10
1900. 52
3 40. W
3 44
W. M. Brown
Manassas
3845
77 30
1900.30
4 17. I w
4 22
Brown&Thompson
Fairfax Court-House
38 51
77 18
1900.62
4 35.3 W
4 39
J. W. Miller
Woodstock
3852
78*32
1897.62
3 45.5 W
3 59
0. B. F:ench
Bull Run
3853
77 42
1871.79
4 21.3 W
6 04
C. 0. Boutelle
Cherrydale
38 54
77 07
1900.48
5 19- 1 W
5 24
E. D. Preston
Rectortown
38 54
77 53
1900.39
3 12.9 W
3 18
W. M. Brown
Peach Grove
3855
77 14
1869,84
2 54. 7 W
4 44
C. O.Boutelle
Front Royal
3855
78 12
1900.52
. 3 52.8 W
3 57
W.M. Brown
238
MAGNETIC DECl^INATION TABLES FOR 1902.
TabU of the most recent magjuHc declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, 1^02 — Continued.
VIRGINIA— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group /—Continued
/
/
E or
/
W
West
/
Strasburg
3859
78 21
1900.39
3 50.
6W
3 55
W. M. Brown
Leesburg
3907
77 34
1900.61
4 46.
2W
4 50
J. W. Miller
Round Hill
3908
77 46
1900.61
4 24.4 W
4 29
Do.
Wincbester
39 10
78 10
1900.40
4 24.'
oW
4 29
W. M. Brown
Group II
South boundary, at shore
36 33
75 52
1728. 2
300
W
• •
W. Byrd
Whaleyville
36 35
76 41
1900.5
4 06
W
4 10
B. P. Baker
N. C. line, Brunswick and
3636
77 48
1824.
55
E
3 15
Boye
Greenesville counties
N. C. line, Peach Bottom
3636
81 00
1824.0
3 50
E
14
Do.
Danville
36 37
79 25
1873.6
I 16..
3W
2 54
F. E. Hilgard
F. D. Leffingwell
Washington County
3638
81 47
1892.7
08
E
22
Emory and Henry College
36 40
81 46
1881.2
I 00
E
T2
J. A. Davis
Franklin
36 41
7658
1901.2
2 10
W
2 12
I. C. Wills
Jones ville
36 41
83 08
1890
30
E
07
County surveyor
Hill Station
36 41
82 43
1901.2
30
E
28
Milo Taylor
Nansemond County
• • • •
. . . •
1895
2 57
W
3 16
County surveyor
Houston
36 46
7855
1901.5
2 39
W
2 41
C. R. French
Mead ville
36 47
79 02
1886. I
I 30
W
2 22
M. French
Gosport Navy- Yard
36 49
76 17
1865.8
2 37.'
8W
4 42
W. Harkness
Mount Airy
36 52
79 II
1873. 6
55-
2E
42
F. E. Hilgard
Isle of Wight
36 54
76 45
1901.2
3 30
W
3 32
J. 0. Branch
Floyd County
• « • •
• » •
1895
4 30
W
4 51
County surveyor
Gratton
37 08
81 25
1896.5
I 00
W
I 18
A. G. Cox
Christiansburg
3708
80 29
1900
I 20
W
I 24
W. F. Wall
Prices Fork
37 13
80 35
1900
I 17
W
I 21
Do.
Burkeville
37 13
78 12
1873.6
I 59.7 w
338
F. E. Hilgard
Montgomery Co., N W. cor.
37 16
80 40
1900
I 08
W
I 12
W. F. Wall
Pembroke
37 18
80 44
1882
2 00
W
3 07
County surveyor
Mobjack Bay
37 18
76 20
1824.
37
W
4 47
Boye
Craigs Creek
37 19
80 26
1900
I 31
W
I 35
W. F. Wall
Simmonsville
37 23
80 29
1894
54
W
I 18
County surveyor
Mathews
37 25
76 20
1901.2
448
W
4 50
Lemuel Foster
Scottsville
37 30
77 54
1879- 5
2 30
W
3 43
County surveyor
Cumberland
37 31
78 18
1895
3 00
W
3 20
Do.
Amherst
37 35
79 04
1878
2 00
W
3 22
Do.
Glasgow
37 37
79 30
1889.9
I 37
w
2 16
I. C. Walker
Accomac
37 41
75 42
1900.8
4 46
w
4 49
F. E. Ruediger
Buffalo Forge
37 41
79 26
1901.2
2 20
w
2 22
C. A. Brady
King William
37 42
77 05
1896
3 15
w
3 31
County surveyor
Lancaster
37 45
76 30
1890
4 00
w
4 34
Do.
Frssex County
• • « *
•
1895
4 00
w
4 19
Do.
Sparta
37 58
77 15
1893
3 35
w
4 00
Do.
Louisa County
• • •
• • •
1901.2
3 25
w
3 27
J. W. Nunn
New London
38 08
77 19
1901.2
4 50
w
4 52
F. M. Travis
Spottsylvania
38 12
77 38
1895
3 30
w
3 49
County surveyor
Comom
38 16
77 13
1901.2
4 00
w
4 02
T. T. Arnold
Indiantown
38 21
77 49
1901.2
5 00
w
5 02
E. J. Wood\'ille
Harrisonburg
38 27
7852
1901.2
3 12
w
3 14
J. Hanze
Bealeton
38 34
77 48
1895
4 10
w
4 30
County surveyor
Flint Hill
3846
7807
1901.2
4 10
w
4 12
J. E. Sutphin
Farmwell
39 t)2
77 27-
1895
1
3 00
w
3 20
County surveyor
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
239
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, 1^2 — Continued.
WASHINGTON
Station
Lati-
tude
Group I
Vancouver, near Fort Van-
couver
Lower Cascades
Walla Walla
Wallula
Ainsworth
Cape Disappointment
Pomeroy
Sixty Mile Well
Olympia
Howard, near Olympia
Tacoma
Sprague
Seattle, old Univ. grounds
Seattle, new Univ. grounds
Spokane Falls
Everett
Port Towqsend
Striped Peak
Dungeness
Slip
Cape Flattery & Neah Bay
Waadah
Mount Vernon
Classet
Tatoosh
San Juan Island
Bellevue
Mat
Slope
Bamboo
Windlass
Shaw Island
Goose
Clover
Root
Fairview j
Morse Island
Spieden
Limestone ;
Middleton
Doughty
Dry
New Whatcom
Patos ,
Russell
Group II
Skamania Co. , T. i N. , R. 5 E.
SkamaniaCo.,T.3N.,R. 8 E.
SkamaniaCo..T.3N.,R. ioE.|
Klickitat County
Small I., Columbia River
Chequees
45 38
45 39
46 04
46 07
46 14
46 17
46 31
46 49
47 02
47 03
47 16
47 19
47 36
47 40
47 40
47 58
48 07
48 10
48 II
48 16
48 22
48 23
48 24
48 24
48 24
48 28
48 32
48 33
48 33
48 34
48 35
48 36
4836
48 36
48 37
48 38
48 38
48 38
48 39
48 42
48 43
48 43
48 44
48 47
49 00
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
/ I
45
45
45
•
45
45
35
43
44
• •
56
o /
122 40
22 00
18 21
18 55
19 03
24 03
17 40
18 50
22 54
22 53
22 27
18 00
22 20
22 18
17 26
22 13
22 45
23 41
23 07
24 14
2438
24 36
22 21
24 40
24 44
22 58
23 10
22 57
23 00
23 01
23 10
22 58
23 02
23 10
22 57
23 02
23 II
23 06
23 00
23 04
22 57
23 02
22 29
22 58
18 13
122 12
121 50
121 33
• • • • •
"9 39
121 23
1895. 17
881.80
887.71
881.75
881.64
895.15
881.72
881.65
881.84
894.96
894.42
881.65
900.86
900. 90
881.67
90a 88
894.88
893.51
892.68
893.56
881.78
893.64
900.88
893- 71
893.72
897.61
894.42
894.57
894.57
894.56
894.46
895.64
894.53
894.47
894.54
894-52
894.43
894.52
894.51
894.47
894.51
894.49
900. 87
894.50
901.59
1901.3
1901.4
1901.4
1874
1860.5
1854,0
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
o /
21 32.4
19 29. 3
21 10.3
19 55. 7
21 24.5
21 55.8
21 33.5
22 46.9
21 34.6
22 43. 5
22 30.8
22 55. 4
22 56. 7
22 47. 5
21 39.4
23 15.3
22 50.9
23 12.3
23 26. 1
23 30.6
22 44.2
23 26.3
23 08
23 06.4
23 45. 1
23 31- 4
26 48
23 18
23 22
23 42
23 20
23 43- 6
23 33
22 50
23 II
23 55
23 30
23 29
23 36
22 36
23 27
25 II
23 20.6
23 04
23 II. 7
20 22
21 50
21 26
20 54
18 00
16 05
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
21 34
19 40
21 06
19 53
21 22
22 03
21 28
22 44
21 46
22 44
22 32
22 52
22 57
22 48
21 34
23 15
22 52
23 14
23 28
23 39
22 55
23 35
23 08
23 15
23 53
23 33
26 50
23 20
23 24
23 44
23 22
23 45
23 35
22 52
23 13
23 57
23 32
23 31
23 38
22 38
23 29
25 13
23 21
23 06
23 12
20 22
21 50
21 26
21 06
18 28
17 10
Observer or
authority
^
J. J. Gilbert
J. S. Lawson
E. Smith
J. S. Lawson
Do.
J. J. Gilbert
J. S. Lawson
Do.
Do.
J. J. Gilbert
G. Davidson
. S. Lawson
. Weinrich
Do.
J. S. Lawson
W. Weinrich
J. J. Gilbert
Do.
Do.
Do.
H. E. Nichols
J. J. Gilbert
W. Weinrich
J. J. Gilbert
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
F. A. Young
J. J. Gilbert
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
W. Weinrich
J. J. Gilbert
C. H. Sinclair
H. Bueche
Do.
Do.
Mean, 8 stations
S. Garfielde
J.Pope
240
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January z, ipo2 — Continued.
WASHINGTON— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Skamania County
Columbia River, Township 6
Near Wallula
Cowlitz County
Monticello
Dry Creek
Near Mount Adams
Wallawalla County
Asotin County
Wahkiakum Qo., average
Snake R., Col. Guide Mer.
Strong River, mouth
Magnetic station
Grays Bay, Columbia River
Columbia County
Garfield County
Pataha Creek crossing
Evans Landing
Franklin County
Yakima County
Fort Simcoe
Tukannon River
W^illapa Bay, east side
Snake River crossing
Columbia River crossing
Lewis County
Pacific County
Leadbetter Point
Willapa Bay Light-House
Cow Creek
Thurston County
Whitman County
Grays Harbor, 4th St. Par.
Chehalis Point
Chikeeles Point
Aberdeen
Adams County
Grays Harbor, North Head
Pierce County
Nisqually
Lu^enbeel Creek
Steilacoom
Chehalis County
Fifth St. Par. at Hoods Canal
Fifth St. Par. at ocean
Magnetic station
Puget Sd., Narrows at entr.
Case Inlet
Carr Inlet
Mason County
Kittitas County
Douglas County
King County
Hoods Canal, head
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
%
East
. East
' /
1
/
/
/
t
i • •
• • •
1893
23 15
23 17
Mean, 3 stations
46 00
118 58
1860.5
18 50
19 12
S. Garfielde
46 02
119 00
1860.0
19 46
20 09
J. S. Harris
• • •
• • •
1877
21 35
21 52
Mean, 8 stations
46 07
122 55
1857. 5
19 50
20 45
S. Garfielde
46 09
118 18
1860.0
20 13
20 36
J. S. Harris
46 12
121 03
1860.5
20 30
21 18
S. Garfielde
• • •
• • * •
1878
20 50
20 50
Mean, 4 stations
1 • • >
• •
1876
21 35
21 35
Mean, 3 stations
1
• • • •
• • « •
1901.3
21 46
21 46
T. H. Allman
46 15
118 58
1860.5
20 00
20 22
S. Garfielde
46 15
123 23
1855. 5
20 00
21 00
Do.
, 46 18
117 51
1860.5
1845
19 07
Do.
46 18
123 42
1858. 5
21 37.5
22 30
Do.
• • • •
a • • • •
1861
21 00
21 20
Mean, 4 stations
« • •
• • • •
1870
21 26
21 31
Mean, 3 stations
S. Garfielde
46 23
117 34
1863.5
21 15
21 20
46 26
117 17
1900.6
21 25
21 23
F. Gilham
• •
• •
1866
21 10
21 23
Mean, 6 stations
• • «
« • • •
1874
21 04
21 16
Mean, 47 stations
46 30
120 40
1865.5
21 30
21 56
S. Garfielde
46 32
118 00
1860.0
20 55
21 18
J. S. Harris
46 33
123 54
1856. 5
20 30
21 28
S. Garfielde
46 34
118 04
1860.5
19 00
19 22
Do.
46 34
119 18
1863.5
21 30
21 48
Do.
• • • •
• « • • •
1876
21 21
21 39
Mean, 12 stations
•
• • •
1880
21 42
22 00
Mean, 9 stations
S. Garfielde
46 36
124 03
1859. 5
21 05
22 00
46 43
124 04
1858. 5
21 05
22 03
Do.
46 53
118 10
1860.0
21 01
21 24
J. S. Harris
• • • •
• • •
1868
21 37
22 08
Mean, 8 stations
• • •
• • •
187 1
20 49
20 50
Mean, 11 stations
46 54
124 01
1855. 5
22 00
23 06
S. Garfielde
46 55
124 07
1858. 5
21 30
22 28
Do.
46 56
124 12
1841
21 23
23 10
C. Wilkes
46 57
123 50
1894
22 30
22 35
County survejr-or
• • • •
• • » • •
1872
21 18
21 24
Mean, 10 stations
47 03
124 05
1858. 5
21 30
22 28
S. Garfielde
1 .. ..
• • • •
1873
21 15
21 38
Mean, 11 stations
47 07
122 38
1859. 5
21 23
22 13
R. W. Haig
1 47 09
118 06
1860.0
20 55
21 15
J. S. Harris
1 ' "^
47 10
122 35
1856. 5
21 30
22 28
S. Garfielde
• •
* • •
1884
22 08
22 20
Mean, 14 stations
47 15
123 08
1856. 5
21 35
22 33
S. Garfielde
47 15
124 12
1859. 5
21 45
22 40
Do.
47 16
122 05
1855. 5
21 00
22 01
Do.
47 18
122 31
1841
22 28.7
24 09
C. Wilkes
1 47 20
122 48
1841
22 28.7
24 09
Do.
i 47 20
122 40
1 841
22 28.7
24 09
Do.
\
• 9 •
• • • •
1874
21 38
22 00
Mean, 5 stations
• • •
• •
1880
21 40
21 45
Mean, 12 stations
> • •
• • • • •
1887
22 16
22 16
Mean, 19 stations
• • •
• • • •
1871
21 57
22 23
Mean, 18 stations
1 47 28
122 50
1856. 5
21 30
22 28
S. Garfielde
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
241
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, IQ02 — Continued.
WASHINGTON— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
•
Declina-
tion ob-
served
a
East
./
1
Declina-
tion in
1902
1
1
Observer or
authority
1
Group //—Continued
1
f
/
1
East
/
Wenatshapaw
47 29
120 38
1854.
18 50
19 40
J. Pope
Restoration Point
47 30
122 14
1892.4
19 36
• a a
G. Vancouver
Point Moore
47 36
122 22
1841
21 53.0
23 33
C.Wilkes
Magnetic station
47 36
121 42
1865.5
22 20
22 57
S. Garfielde
Lincoln County
• • •
« • • •
1874
21 41
21 45 .
Mean, 9 stations
Spokane County
R • • •
• » •
1896
22 03
22 00
Mean, 7 stations
Seabeck, Hoods Canal
47 39
122 49
1859. 5
22 00
22 50
S. Garfielde
Pasisi Point
47 40
122 51
1841
21 00.0
22 40
C. Wilkes
Port Madison Mill
47 43
122 33
1856. 5
20 00
20 58
S. Garfielde
Kitsap County
• • •
• • • « •
1894
22 30
22 32
I station
Peon Prairie
47 44
117 14
1860.0
21 53
22 10
J.S.Harris
Skookum Chuck, mouth
47 45
122 40
1856. 5
21 00
21 58
S. Garfielde
Jefferson County, average
• • • •
• • • •
1900
22 30
22 30
Surveyors
Bremerton
47 34
122 38
1897.3
23 06
23 07
C. Thomas
Rose Point
47 47
122 50
1841
21 00.0
22 40
C. Wilkes
Appletree Cove
47 47
122 28
1841
21 II.
22 51
Do.
Spokane Ferry
47 49
117 49
1860.0
22 07
22 25
J.S.Harris
Port Gamble Mill
47 51
122 34
1859- 5
20 50
21 40
S. Garfielde
Pilot Cove Anchorage
47 52
122 29
1841
21 00.0
22 40
C. Wilkes
Suquamish Harbor
47 52
122 39
1841
21 00.0
22 40
Do.
Port Ludlow
47 55
122 40
1841
21 00.
22 40
Do.
Columbia Guide Mer.
47 55
118 58
1860.5
22 00
22 22
S. Garfielde
Foulweather Bluff
47 56
122 36
1859-5
20 30
21 20
Do.
Point Elliott
47 57
122 18
1855. 5
21 30
22 30
Do.
Chemikane River
48 00
117 45
1861.5
21 28
21 45
R. W. Haig
Port Gardner
48 00
122 17
184 1
20 47.
22 27
C. Wilkes
Port Discovery Mill
48 01
122 51
1862.5
22 00
22 44
S. Garfielde
Holmes Hbr.. Whidlby I.
48 05
122 31
1841
20 40.0
22 20
C.Wilkes
Snohomish County
• • •
• a • «
1880
22 29
22 42
Mean, 13 stations
Clallam County
• • •
« k • • •
1884
22 26
22 40
Mean, 27 stations
Port Angeles
48 07
123 26
1897.4
23 22
23 25
C.Thomas
Island County
• • >
• •
1856
21 30
22 28
I station
Admiralty Head, Whidlby I.
48 09
122 41
1857. 5
21 54
22 50
S, Garfielde
Port Wilson
48 09
122 45
1841
20 27. 2
22 07
C. Wilkes
Port Susan
48 II
122 20
1841
20 35.
22 r5
Do.
Dungeness Light
48 II
123 06
1858. 5
21 30
22 23
S. Garfielde
Couperville
48 13
122 41
1901. 2
22 45
22 45
A.J.Morrill
Penns Cove
48 14
122 40
1841
20 40.
22 20
C. Wilkes
Clallam Bay
48 15
124 16
1864.5
22 30
23 15
S. Garfielde
Juan de Fuca Strait
48 17
123 II
1841
20 40
22 20
C. Wilkes
Deception Passage
48 24
122 39
1858. 5
21 45
22 38
S. Garfielde
Juan de Fuca Strait
48 25
124 27
1841
22 30
24 10
C. Wilkes
Perry Island
48 28
122 40
1 841
20 40.0
22 20
Do.
Skagit County
* •
• a
18S2
22 19
22 30
Mean, 7 stations
Stevens County
• • • •
• • • • •
1876
23 00
23 00
Mean, 5 stations
Okanogan County
• a • •
• • •
1883
22 32
22 35
Mean, 2 stations
Conconully
48 32
119 56
1890
22 55
22 54
County survevor
Hornet Harbor
48 32
122 32
184 1
20 40.0
22 20
C. Wilkes '
Bellingham Bay, Guide Mer.
4833
122 27
1859- 5
22 09
23 00
S. Garfielde
Colville Depot
48 34
"7 52
1860.0
22 31
22 50
J. S. Harris
Strawberry Bay
48 34
122 42
1 841
20 40.
22 20
C. Wilkes
Colville Barracks
48 40
118 05
1861.5
21 40
21 56
R. W. Haig
Fort Bellingham
48 47
122 32
1859- 5
22 30
23 20
S. Garfielde
Whatcom County
« « • •
• • • •
1879
22 35
22 49
Mean, 8 stations
27478 — 02
-16
242
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories redticed to January j, i^z — Continued.
WASHINGTON— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
•
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Birch Bay
4855
122 45
1841
20 40.0
22 20
C. Wilkes
Point Roberts
48 59
122 58
1860.0
22 39
23 28
J. S. Harris
Magnetic Station
48 59
121 42
1860.0
22 47
23 36
Do.
Do.
48 59
121 57
1860.0
22 39
23 28
Do.
Do.
49 00
118 44
1860.0
22 07
22 30
Do.
Do.
49 00
"9 35
1860.0
23 34
24 00
Do.
Drayton Cove
49 00
122 45
X841
20 40.0
22 20
C. Wilkes
WEST VIRGINIA
Group I
/
/
Eor W
/
West
/
Princeton
37 22
81 07
1900.41
I 23. I W
I 28
Welch
37 26
81 35
1900.42
2 20. 4 W
2 25
Baileysville
37 36
81 40
1900.43
I 42. 4 w
I 47
Hinton
37 40
8053
1900.34
I 24. 7 W
I 30
Williamson
37 40
82 16
1900.44
I 45.8 W
I 50
Oceana
37 42
81 38
1900.43
1 26. 1 W
I 31
Alderson
37 43
80 39
1898.42
I 58.6 W
2 10'
Beckley
37 47
81 12
1900.35
I 48. 2 W
I 53
Lewisburg
37 48
80 27
1900.34
I 56. 2 w
2 01
Logan
37 51
81 59
1900.45
55. I w
I 00
Dunlow
38 02
82 26
1898.39
I II. 4W
I 23
Fayette ville
3803
81 06
1900.36
2 01. 6 W
2 07
Madison
38 04
81 48
1900.45
I 24.6 W
I 29
Marlinton
38 13
80 06
1900.45
I 47. 2 W
I 32
Wayne
38 13
82 26
1898.40
44.6 W
56
Hamlin
38 17
82 06
1900.46
I 50. 6 W
I 55
Summersville
38 17
80 51
1900.36
I 13. oW
^18
2 12
Charleston
38 21
81 38
1900.37
2 06.7 W
St. Albans, East Base
38 23
81 48
1893.08
I 06.7 W
I 38
St. Albans, West Base
38 23
81 50
1893. 10
I 34- 5 W
2 05
Rvan
38 24
81 48
1892.94
I 10. 8 W
I 42
Huntington
38 26
82 27
1898.41
51.2 W
I 03
Clay
Adaison
38 28
81 05
1900.37
I 15. 9 W
1 ^i
38 28
80 24
1900.47
2 26. 2 W
2 31
Mingo
Winfield
38 29
8003
1900.46
2 30. W
2 35
38 32
81 55
1900.38
I 46. 6 W
I 51
Travellers Repose
38 32
79 47
1900.45
2 34.6W
2 39
Cave
3833
79 27
1900.44
2 54*9 W
3 00
Franklin
3839
79 20
1900.44
2 56. 2 W
3 01
Pickens
38 39
80 13
1898.51
2 45.8 w
2 57
Sutton
3839
8043
1898.49
2 16. 3 W
2 28
Brushyrun
38 50
.79 15
1900.43
3 05.3 W
3 10
Beverly
3850
79 53
1898.58
2 45. 3 W
2 57
Ripley
3850
81 43
1900.40
I 39. 2 W
I 44
Point Pleasant
38 50
82 09
1864.08
I 34. 9 E
52
Glebe
3859
79 13
1900.43
3 19. 3 W
3 24
Buckhannon
3859
80 14
1898.50
3 00. W
3 II
Weston
39 02
80 28
1898.51
2 31.3 w
2 43
Moorefield
39 04
7858
1900.42
3 18.6 W
3 23
J. D. Thompson
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
E. Smith
J. D. Thompson
Do.
Do.
E. Smith
J. D. Thompson
Do.
W. M. Brown
E. Smith
J. D. Thompson
Do.
Do.
W. B. Fairfield
Do.
Do.
E. Smith
J. D. Thompson
W. M. Brown
Do.
J. D. Thompson
W. M. Brown
Do.
Do.
E. Smith
Do.
W. M. Brown
E. Smith
J. D. Thompson
A. T. Mosman
W. M. Brown
E. Smith
Do.
W. M. Brown
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
243
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, ipo2 — Continued.
WEST VIRGINIA— Continued
Station
lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina -
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group /—Continued
/
/
EorW
/
West
/
Hendricks
39 04
79 38
1898.58
2 55.3 w
306
E. Smith
Philippi
39 08
80 03
1898.57
3 27. oW
338
Do.
Falls
39 10
79 07
1900.42
3 28.9 W
3 34
W. M. Brown
Harrisville
39 II
81 03
1898.47
I 25.8 W
I 37
E. Smith
Parkersbiu-g
39 16
81 34
1898.46
I 13.7 w
I 25
Do.
Charlestown
39 17
77 51
1900.24
4 01.3 W
4 06
Fleming&Thomp-
Qnn
Clarksburg
39 17
80 20
1898. 48
2 49-5 W
3 01
E. Smith
West Union
39 18
80 48
1900.39
43. W
48
J. D. Thompson
Fleming 8r Thomp-
Romney
39 21
78 43
1900.24
4 03.6 W
4 09
Foley Mountain fl
39 21
79 30
1897. 72
3 16.0 W
3 30
anJVx
L. A. Bauer
Grafton
39 22
80 01
1898.56
3 29. W
3 40
E. Smith
Martinsburg
39 27
77 58
1900.24
4 36.8 W
4 42
Fleming&Thomp-
son
Keyser
39 27
7859
1898.59
3 29. 4 W
3 40
E. Smith
Kingwood
39 28
79 41
1900.23
3 41.8 W
3 47
Fleming&Thomp-
crtn
Paw Paw
39 32
78 26
1899.41
4 10. 8 W
4 19
SNJll
L. A. Bauer
Morgantown
3938
79 57
1900.47
3 31. 8W
3 36
J. A. Fleming
Cameron
39 50
8034
1864.04
24.0 E
2 30
A. T. Mosman
Wheeling
40 04
•
8044
1898.55
I 01.3 W
I 13
E. Smith
Group II
Union
37 36
80 32
1898.8
I 43 W
I 53
E. L. Faison
Dego
38 14
81 23
1895.2
034 w
57
0. A. Veazey
Edray
Winfield
38 16
80 06
1872
20 E
I 32
County surveyor
38 32
81 55
1901.2
I 45- 2 W
I 47
J. H. Shank
Near Elk River, Webster Co.
3835
80 20
1787.5
I 45 E
2 22
Haddon & Jackson
Franklin
38 39
79 20
1901.2
2 42 W
2 44
I. T. Kilo
Near Elk R., Randolph Co.
38 40
80 15
1784.5
I 30 E
2 30
Friend & Hanway
Bull Town
38 48
80 31
1824.
2 10 E
2 12
Boye
* Upper Front
3848
79 18
1883
I 10 W
2 18
County surveyor
Spencer
3848
81 23
1898.6
I 43 W
I 54
E. L. Faison
Point Pleasant
38 50
82 09
1898.9
I 21 W
I 31
Do.
Calhoun County
• • •
• •
1892
045 w
I 18
County surveyor
Grantsville
3856
81 06
1898.6
I 15 w
I 26
E. L. Faison
Glenville
3856
80 50
1898.5
2 08 W
2 19
Do.
Edmiston
3859
80 35
1885
2 00 W
3 00
County siu^eyoi
Petersburg
39 00
79 07
1898.5
3 37 W
3 48
G.T.Hawkins
Wirt County
• • • •
• • • *
1895
2 45 W
3 07
Count)' surveyor
Elizabeth
39 07
81 26
1898.9
2 28 W
238
E. L. Faison
Parsons
39 07
79 41
1898.5
3 22 W
3 33
Do.
Potomac River, N. Branch
39 18
79 19
1824.0
I 35 E
2 47
Boye
Pruntylown
39 20
80 05
1883.3
2 33 W
3 42
R. McPheeters
Grafton
39 22
80 OI
1898.5
338 w
3 49
G. T. Hawkins
St. Marys
39 24
81 14
1898.9
I ai W
I 14
E. L. Faison
Keyser
39 27
78 59
1898.5
3 57 W
4 08
G.T.Hawkins
Daniels
39 28
79 03
1898.5
3 11. 1 W
3 22
W. M. Brown
Fairmont
39 28
80 09
1898.5
3 21 W
3 32
E. L. Faison
Middlebourne
39 30
80 56
1898. 9
I 36 w
I 46
Do.
Berkeley Springs
39 36
78 13
1 1897. 9
4 36 W
4 50
W.J.Peters
'T For other values in the disputed territory along the boundary line see Maryland, Group I
244
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
WEST VIRGINIA—Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Cumberland Gap
New Martinsville
2 miles W. of SW. cor. of Pa.
Moundsville
Wheeling, Echo Point Park
Wellsburg
New Cumberland
Lati- I Longi-
tude tude
39 38
39 40
39 43
39 55
40 03
40 16
40 31
78 44
8053
8033
80 46
80 42
80 38
80 37
Date of
observa-
tion
1824
189S
1785
1898
1886
1898
1898
9
4
9
7
9
9
Declina-
tion ob-
served
E. or W.
o /
4 35(?)E
59 W
2 15 E
1 07 W
12 W
1 34 W
I 38 W
Declina-
tion in
1902
West
o /
I
I
I
I
I
I
09
45
17
07
44
48
Observer or
authority
Boye
E. L. Faison
A. Ellicott
E. L. Faison
F. L. Hoge
E. L. Faison
Do.
WISCONSIN
Group I
/
/
East
/
East
/
Milwaukee
43 04
87 53
1888.65
4 22.3
3 18
J. B. Baylor
Madison
43 04
89 25
1900.85
4 53.
4 47
W. G. Cady
Prairie du Chien
43 04
91 09
1900.84
5 56.6
5 5»
Do.
La Crosse
43 50
91 14
1900.83
5 31.8
5 26
Do.
Alma
44 21
91 48
1893. 5
6 50.0
6 09
W. R. Hoag
Green Bay
44 30
8759
1891. 60
4 00.9
3 "
J. B. Baylor
Maxvilla
44 32
91 58
1893.6
6 47.7
6 07
W. R. Hoag
Maiden Rock
44 33
92 12
1893- 50
6 59.1
6 18
Do.
Ellsworth
44 43
92 29
1893. 50
6 51.9 •
6 II
Do.
Prentice
45 32
90 17
1891. 62
4 07.3
3 17
J. B. Baylor
Superior City
46 40
92 04
1880.64
9 45-4
8 03
Do.
Group II
Kenosha
42 35
87 49
1872. 5
5 00
2 43
H. Custer
Kenosha County
• • • •
* • a
1836
6 02
2 10
Mean, 5 stations
Green County
42 36
8938
1901. 2
4 00
356
D. H. Morgan
Do.
• •
a • • a
1834
827
4 35
Mean, 9 stations
Walworth County
• • • •
• • •
1835
6 34
2 42
Mean, 16 stations
Rock County
• •
» a a a
1834
8 02
4 10
Mean, 21 stations
Janes ville
42 41
89 02
1892
4 57
4 M
County surveyor
Lafayette County, average
• • •
• a a •
1901.5
5 00
4 58
G. A. Marshall
Lafayette County
42 42
89 52
1901.4
4 55
4 52
Do.
Racine County
42 43
88 07
1896.4
2 00
I 33
T. F. Bavley
Racine
42 44
87 48
1872. 5
4 29
2 12
H. Custer
Racine County
• •
. . . .
1836
6 10
2 18
Mean, 5 stations
Milton, college
42 47
88 55
1900.7
4 20
4 14
Albert Whitford
Mount Pleasant
• • a
.. ..
1894 .
4 45
4 09
County sur\eyor
Mineral Point
42 51
90 10
1839. 8
8 40
4 51
J. Locke
Grant County
> • • •
a a a a
1837
8 53
5 03
Mean, 24 stations
Parish
42 58
90 10
T839. 8
855
5 06
J. Locke
Oakland
42 58
8856
1885
5 20
4 or
County surveyor
Jefferson County
• «
•
1836
6 50
2 59
Mean, 16 stations
Trout Brook
42 59
90 45
1839. 8
9 00
5 11
J. Locks
Iowa County
• •
• • a a
1836
8 25
4 34
Mean, 27 stations
Waukesha County, average
• I •
a a a
1889.5
3 52
2 52
County surveyors
Campbell
43 01
89 26
1839- 8
838.7
4 50
J. Locke
Bluemounds
43 01
89 46
1839. 8
8 38
4 49
Do.
Fort Crawford
43 03
90 52
1823. 5
8 49
4 58
S. H. Long
Dane County, average
• • • a
• • a a
1896.9
5 00
4 35
W. L. Marcy
New IJsbon
43 08
88 12
1884.7
4 55.5
3 33
W. Powrie
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
245
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January i, igo2 — Continued.
WISCONSIN— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
C-awford County
« • • •
« • •
1842
8 03
4 25
Mean, 10 stations
Ozaukee County
• « • •
• « •
1835
7 00
3 00
I station
kichland County
• • a »
a • • •
1840
8 36
4 50
Mean. 11 stations
Washington County
• • • •
« • •
1836
7 28
3 30
Mean, 3 stations
Dodge County
• * •
« « • •
1835
7 10
3 15
Mean, 21 stations
Logansville
43 26
90 04
1901. 2
4 50
4 46
D. B. Hulburt
Sauk County
ft • •
• • •
1839
8 00
4 II
Mean, 7 stations
Baraboo
43 28
89 45
1893
4 30
3 49
County surveyor
Columbia County
• • *
•
1836
7 40
3 50
Mean, 9 stations
Portage
43 32
89 26
1895
4 45
4 13
County surveyor
Vernon County
• • •
1894
6 09
5 33
Do.
7 miles south of Sheboygan
43 39
87 44
1870.80
823
5 58
J. W. Cuyler
Sheboygan County
• « • •
• • •
1900.4
3 15
3 07
L. Bode
Do.
• •
• • •
1835
7 02
3 10
Mean, 16 stations
Sheboygan
43 45
87 42
1894
3 20
2 44
County surveyor
Mauston
43 46
90 04
1900.5
4 53
4 45
Gov't survey
Fond du Lac County
m % • •
« •
1835
6 53
3 01
Mean, 20 stations
Green Lake County
• * •
• • • •
1834
7 50
358
Mean, 10 stations
Monroe County
• • • •
• • • •
T895
632
6 00
County surveyor
New Holstein
43 57
• 88 05
1895
4 40
4 08
Do.
Calumet County
1 miles south of Manitowoc
• • • •
• • •
1837
635
2 44
Mean, it stations
44 04
87 39
1870.6
5 03
238
J. P. Mayer
Winnebago County
• • •
• •
1836
6 40
2 49
Mean, 17 stations
Winneconne
44 07
8843
1874
7 28
5 19
County surveyor
Waushara County
• • - •
t •
1835
6 50
258
I station
Manitowoc County
• •
• I « •
1835
6 30
238
Mean, 10 stations
Roley Point
44 II
87 31
1866.8
6 56
4 16
H. Gillman
Trempealeau County
• • •
• • • «
1896
6 30
6 03
County surveyor
Jackson County, average
• •
• * a •
1900.5
4 49
4 42
C. M. Keach
Appleton
44 16
88 23
1895
3 35
3 03
County surve^'or
Outagamie County
• •
• • • •
1839
6 13
2 24
Mean, 21 stations
Portage County
44 25
8935
1885.5
5 43
4 24
F. E. Halladay
Wood County
• • • •
1840
8 13
4 25
Mean, 4 stations
Waupaca County
• • •
« • • •
1844
6 15
2 34
Mean, 3 stations
Do.
• • •
• •
1901. 2
3 45
3 41
S. P. Guthu
Brown County
• • • •
• •
1839
6 27
238
Mean, 26 stations
Portage County
• • • •
• • •
1840
8 06
4 18
Mean, 7 stations
Kewaunee
44 28
8730
1901. 2
236
2 28
\V. T. Rooney
Kewaunee County
• • • •
• • • •
1840
6 10
2 22
Mean, 3 stations
Green Bay, near Ft. Howard
44 31
87 54
1884.5
4 26
3 02
C. S. Woodard
Neillsville
44 32
90 35
1891
5 28
4 37
County surveyor
2^2 miles south of Sable Pt.
44 32
87 56
1843- 5
6 26
2 43
J. H. Simpson
Head of Green Bay
44 33
87 59
1865. 6
5 25
2 41
0. N. Chaffee
Ahnepee
44 36
87 26
1866.6
5 33
2 53
H. Gillman
Long Tail Point Light
44 36
87 54
1845.5
6 25
2 45
Chart
Arkansaw
44 38
92 01
1895
6 00
5 28
County surveyor
I mile north of Clay Banks
44 42
87 21
1866.6
6 18
3 38
H. Gillman
Near Red River
44 43
8743
1865. 8
6 08
3 25
A. C. Lamson
I m. north of Sugar Creek
44 48
8739
1843. 5
6 09
2 26
J. H. Simpson
Eau Claire
44 48
91 2S
1S94
625
5 49
County surveyor
Shawano County
• • •
. •
1S41
5 55
2 08
Mean, 3 stations
Door County
• • - •
• • •
1836
6 20
2 29
Mean, 48 stations
Do.
• • • •
1901. 2
2 30
2 26
C. M. W^hiteside
Little Sturgeon Bay
44 51
8733
1865. 7
6 16
3 33
A. C . Lamson
Whitefish Point
44 52
87 12
1866.5
5 49
3 08
0. N. Chaffee
246
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
WISCONSIN— Continued
1
Station
T,ati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
1
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Marathon County
• • •
• • •
1840
7 44
356
Mean, 8 stations
Oconto
44 53
87 50
1865.6
5 21
2 37
A. F. Chaffee
Whitefish Bay
44 54
87 12
1866.5
5 49
308
H. GUlman
Sturgeon Bay, north side
44 54
87 24
1865.5
4 36
I 52
A. C. Lamson
4 m. north of Sturgeon Bay
44 58
87 22
1843. 5
4 59
I 16
J. H. Simpson
Peshtigo
44 59
8738
1865.6
4 20
I 36
A. F. Chaffee
Oconto County, average
• •
• • •
1900.5
2 30
2 22
E. Fitzgerald
Egg Harbor
45 03
87 16
1865.6
4 49
2 05
H. C. Penny
Green Island
45 03
87 30
1863.8
4 32
I 42
D. F. Henry
Bayleys Harbor L. H.
45 04
8705
1863.8
4 26
I 36
J. R. Mayer
New Richmond
45 06
92 30
1900.4
4 50
4 42
John McClure
Ephraim
Chambers Island
45 09
87 10
1863. 6
4 42
I 51
H. Gillman
45 10
87 20
1864.6
3 48
I 01
A. Molitor
Rawley Bay
45 12
87 03
1863.7
4 22
I 31
J. R. Mayer
Chippewa County
Hedgehog Harbor
• • •
• • •
1895
5 47
5 15
County surveyor
45 17
87 02
1863.6
438
I 47
H. Gillman
Detroit Island
45 19
8655
1862.8
4 14
I 20
J. R. Mayer
Washington Harbor
45 24
86 56
1863.7
338
47
S. W. Robin.son
Washington Island
45 25
8656
1865.5
3 30
46
Marinette County
• • •
• > • •
1837
6 46
2 55
Mean, 18 stations
Price County
« •
• • •
1886
5 26
4 12
I stA. by Co. surv'r
Oneida County
• • •
• • • •
1895
3 45
3 13
County surveyor
Tomahawk Lake
45 47
8936
1900.4
3 27
3 19
D. H. Vaughn
Sawyer County
• • • •
• • • «
1895
6 00
528
County surveyor
Florence
45 55
88 14
1896
4 21
3 54
Do.
Vilas County
46 06
8938
1900. 5
3 33
3 25
D. H. Vaughn
Oronto River
46 34
90 26
1868.6
658
4 25
H. Gillman
Bay City
46 35
90 52
1869.5
8 10
5 40
A. C. Lamson
Bad River
46 38
90 39
1869.5
7 30
5 00
Do.
Chequameeon Point
Point on Shore
46 41
90 45
1869.5
7 36
506
Do.
46 42
91 50
1824. 5
12 20
8 28
H. W. Bayfield
5>^ m. E. of Aminicon River
46 43
91 45
1861. 6
10 17
7 19
H. C. Penny
H. W. Bayfield
Madeline Island, S. point
46 45
90 47
1824. 5
948
5 56
Point on Shore
46 48
91 30
1824. 5
12 27
835
Do.
Madeline Island, N. point
46 50
90 35
1869.5
7 08
4 38
A. C. Lamson
Madeline Island, N. side
46 50
90 40
1869.5
7 38
508
Do.
Little I., NE. Michigan L
46 54
90 26
1869.5
6 21
3 51
A. F. Chaffee
Presque Isle
46 55
90 37
1901.7
4 34
4 32
1
F. G. Ray
WYOMING
Group I
Cheyenne
Sherman
Laramie
Carter
Green River
Point of Rocks
Fort F. Steele
Creston
/
/
41
08
104 49
41
08
105 24
41
19
105 36
41
26
no 26
1
41
32
109 29 '
41
43
10858
41
47
106 57
41
48
107 45 .
1878.70
1872. 58
1878. 73
1878. 78
1878. 77
1878. 76
1878. 74
1878. 75
East
East
/
/
15 II. 4
14 24
J. B. Baylor
15 52.6
15 01
W. Suess
15 07.4
14 20
J. B. Baylor
17 06.3
16 27
Do.
16 46.2
16 07
Do.
16 17.8
15 40
Do.
16 10. 1
15 30
Do.
16 03. 8
15 20
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
247
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
WYOMING—Continued
Station ^
^ti.
ude
Longi-
tude
1
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
1
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group /—Continued
f
/
East
/
East
/
Kpck Creek 4
^i 50
105 51
1878. 73
15 45.8
15 «>
J. B. Baylor.
Yellowstone Lake ^
4 33
no 24
1892. 47
18 50. 3
18 30
G. R. Putnam
NE. corner of Wyoming ij
^5 00
104 03
1882. 45
15 39.0
14 48
B. A. Colonna
Little Missouri River ^
^5 00
104 25
1882. 48
16 II. 2
15 20
Do.
Mile post 42 i
\S 00
no 12
1882. 63
19 31.2
18 56
Do.
Mile posts 283, 284 i
^5 00
105 20
1882.51
16 54. 9
16 10
Do.
Mile post 185 A
^5 00
107 21
1882. 54
17 57.4
17 20
Do.
Group II
Southern Boundary ^
^i 00
104 15
1873. 4
13 44
12 40
A. V. Richards
Do. A
^i 00
104 38
1873. 4
14 14
13 12
Do.
Do. 4
.1 00
105 01
1873. 5
15 06
14 06
Do.
Do. 4
^i 00
105 24
1873. 5
15 28
14 30
Do.
Do. A
I 00
105 47
1873. 5
15 53
14 57
Do.
Do. 4
.1 00
106 10
1873. 5
15 46
14 52
Do.
Do. 4
\\ CO
106 33
1873. 6
15 42
14 50
Do.
Do. I
.1 00
106 56
1873. 6
15 43
14 53
Do.
Do. i
.1 00
107 19
1873. 6
16 05
15 17
Do.
Do. i
I 00
107 42
1873. 6
16 05
15 19
Do.
Do. I.
^i 00
108 05
1873. 6
1556
15 12
Do.
Do. ^
I 00
io8 28
1873. 6
15 47
15 05
Do.
Do. i
^i 00
108 50
1873. 6
15 46
15 06
Do.
Do. ^
^I 00
109 13
1873.6
16 08
15 32
Do.
Do. L
^i 00
109 36
1873. 7
16 15
15 39
Do.
Do. ^
^i 00
109 59
1873. 7
16 16
15 42
Do.
Do. /J
^I 00
no 22
1873. 7
16 23
15 51
Do.
Do. I
^i 00
no 50
1873. 7
16 40
16 10
Do.
Cheyenne t
\\ 07
104 49
1901- 3
14 23
14 21
W. D. Pease
Western Boundary i
\\ II
III 03
1874. 4
17 24
16 54
A. V. Richards
Evanston t
ti 15
no 58
1892
1635
16 19
County surveyor
Fort Sanders i
n 17
105 35
1873. 5
15 30
14 33-
G.M.Wheeler
Laramie i
\\ 19
105 36
1895
14 24
1408
County surveyor
Fort Bridger - l
\\ 20
no 24
1858. 9
19 37
19 07
J. H. Simpson
Sweetwater County, SE.
• • •
1881
15 48
15 12
Mean, 9 stations
Sweetwater County, SW.
• • *
1880
15 45
1508
Mean, 14 stations
Albany County, south
• •
1880
15 35
14 50
Mean, 6 stations
Carbon County, southeast
• • a
1884
16 02
15 25
Mean, 14 stations
Carbon County, southwest
• •
1881
15 48
1508
Mean, 16 stations
Laramie County, southeast
• •
1882
15 06
14 20
Mean, 3 stations
Laramie County, southwest
» • • •
1878
15 20
14 30
Mean, 2 stations
Uinta County, south
• • •
1880
17 00
16 30
Mean, 14 stations
Western Boundary i
U 33
III 03
1874. 4
17 34
17 04
A. V. Richards
Chugwater Creek i
U 45
104 50
1877. 5
12 18.4
II 25
W. S. Stanton
Bear River i
M 54
III 00
1877.5
18 13
17 40
S.E.Tillman
Western Boundary i
^i 54
III 03
1874. 4
17 57
17 27
A. V. Richards
Sweetwater County, NE.
• • •
« • • •
1882
16 28
15 53
Mean, 30 stations
Sweetwater County, NW.
• « • K
• • « « •
1885
16 45
16 14
Mean, 14 stations
Albany County, north
• •
• • « •
1878
15 50
15 03
Mean, 12 stations
Carbon County, northeast
• •
• • • • •
1881
16 27
15 47
Mean, n stations
Carbon County, northwest
• • • •
« • •
1881
16 30
15 50
Mean, 16 stations
Chugsprings i
ti 59
104 51
1877. 5
15 26.3
14 30
W. S. Stanton
Laramie County, northeast
• • • •
•
1878
15 30
14 35
Mean, 18 stations
Laramie County, northwest
• • >
• •
« • •
1878
15 28
14 35
Mean, 13 stations
248
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igoz — Continued.
WYOMING— Continued
Station
1
lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1903
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
^
Fort Laramie
42 12
104 34
1877. 7
15 24.8
14 28
W. S. Stanton
Laramie Peak, SE. Base
42 15
105 23
1877. 7
16 42.5
15 50
Do.
Little Sandy Creek
42 15
109 40
1858.8
20 44
20 08
J. H. Simpson
A, V. Richards
Western Boundary
42 16
III 03
1874. 5
18 14
17 44
Sweetwater River
42 30
10835
1858. 8
19 56
19 20
J. H. Simpson
Camp Aspen Hut
42 30
108 58
1858. 5
16 42
16 06
W. H. Wagner
Piney Canyon, mouth
42 32
109 58
1858. 6
17 53
17 17
Do.
La Bonte Creek
42 35
T05 22
1858. 8
1823
17 30
J. H. Simpson
Uinta County, middle*
• • •
1887
17 36
17 12
Mean, 41 stations
Western Boundary
42 3S
Ill 03
X874. 5
18 20
17 50
A. V. Richards
Sweetwater River
42 38
107 25
1858. 8
19 41
1852
J. H. Simpson
Greasewood Creek
42 40
107 07
1858. 8
20 24
19 34
Do.
Fremont County, southeast
1882
16 43
16 05
Mean, 17 stations
Fremont County, southwest
• • • •
1891
17 07
16 45
Mean, 18 stations
Natrona County, southeast
• • • • •
1882
16 30
15 48
Mean, 13 stations
Natrona County, southwest
• * • •
1883
16 46
16 06
Mean, 18 stations
Converse County, southwest
• • • • «
1882
15 43
15 00
Mean, 19 stations
Converse County, -southeast
•
« • • •
1879
15 40
14 50
Mean, 17 stations
West of Deer Creek
42 53
105 57
1858.8
18 28
17 35
J. H. Simpson
A. V. Richards
Western Boundary
42 59
III 03
1874. 5
18 28
1758
Popo Agie River
Bad Water River
43 00
108 28
1860.5
15 12
14 32
43 08
T07 53
1860.5
16 00
15 15
Converse County, northeast
1881
15 04
14 15
Mean, 24 stations
Converse County, northwest
• • •
1881
15 55
15 10
Mean, 28 stations
Natrona County, northeast
• > •
1881
16 38
15 54
Mean, 23 stations
Natrona County, northwest
• • * •
1883
18 12
17 28
Mean, 17 stations
Fremont County, northeast
• • • • •
1890
16 50
16 24
Mean, 35 stations
Fremont County, northwest
• • • • •
1892
17 52
17 32
Mean, 22 stations
Lance Creek
43 19
104 20
1877.6
15 14. I
14 18
W. S. Stanton
Deer Creek
43 19
105 52
1859. 5
16 23
15 29
Western Boundary
43 21
III 03
1874. 5
18 31
18 01
A. V. Richards
Wind River
43 32
no 00
1860.5
19 30
18 54
Snake River
43 32
no 49
1S72. 8
17 40
17 05
F. V. Havden
South Cheyenne River
43 33
104 09
1877.6
15 40.4
14 44
W. S. Stanton
Pass no Pass
43 33
no 23
1860.5
20 45
20 10
Powder River
43 38
106 33
1859.5
1632
15 38
A small brook
43 39
105 52
1S77.6
16 43- 3
15 55
W.S.Stanton
Camp 44
43 40
no 43
1872. 7
1738
17 05
F. V. Hayden
Uinta County, north
• > • •
• • • •
1882
17 40
17 10
Mean, 17 stations
W^estern Boundary
43 43
III 03
1874. 6
18 30
i8 00
A. V. Richards
Teton Can JO n
43 46
in 00
1872.6
17 55
17 24
F. V. Hayden
Fort McKmney
43 47
106 15
1877.7
17 00.8
16 13
W. S. Stanton
Tetons, east foot
43 47
no 43
1872. 7
17 42
17 10
F. V. Hayden
Johnson County, SE.
• • •
1881
16 34
15 50 •
Mean, 19 stations
Johnson County, SW.
• • « •
> • • •
1881
17 18
16 34
Mean, 16 stations
A swale
43 51
105 37
1877. 6
16 19.8
15 30
W. S. Stanton
W^eston County
43 52
104 12
1899
16 16
16 09
F. W. Coates
Weston County, east
• '
• • •
1S81
15 05
14 15
Mean, 23 stations
Weston County west
• • •
• • • •
1881
15 55
15 08
Mean, 34 stations
Camp 42, foot of Jackson L.
43 52
no 41
1872.7
17 56
17 24
F. V. Hayden
Beaver Creek Valley
43 53
104 06
1877.6
15 52.0
14 56
W. S. Stanton
Bighorn Countv, SE.
• • •
1884
18 50
18 15
Mean, 44 stations
Western Boundary
44 04
Ill 03
1874.6
18 36
18 06
A. V. Richards
Lewis Fork, mouth
44 08
no 40
1872. 7
18 oS
17 36
F. V. Hayden
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
249
Table of the most recent magnetic declinatiofis observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
WYOMING— Continued
Station
lati-
tude
1
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
f
Beula Lake
44 09
no 44
1872. 7
1855
18 23
F. V. Hayden
Belle Fourche River
44 II
105 05
1877.6
16 08.8
15 16
W. S. Stanton
Fall River, Bechler Fork
44 II
no 58
1872. 6
18 15
17 45
F. V. Hayden
Bighorn County, SW.
a « •
• • • •
1883
1956
19 23
Mean, 8 stations
Lewis Fork, near Lewis L.
44 14
110 33
1872. 7
18 13
17 40
F. V. Hayden
Shoshone Lake
44 21
no 40
1872.7
18 15
17 43
Do.
Johnson County, NE.
• • •
« • • • •
1882
16 10
15 28
Mean, 19 stations
Johnson County, NW.
• • • •
• • • •
1880
15 50
15 08
Mean, 13 stations
Sundance
44 25
104 24
1889
15 45
15 10
County surveyor
Western Boundary
44 26
III 03
1874. 6
18 58
18 28
A. V. Richards
Gillijjs Creek
44 27
104 36
1877.6
16 n.5
15 16
W. S. Stanton
Upper Geyser Basin
Rea water Creek
44 28
no 30
1872. 6
18 29
17 56
F. V. Hayden
44 32
104 06
1877.6
15 40.0
14 44
W. S. Stanton
Lower Geyser Basin
44 34
no 30
1872. 6
18 29
17 56
F. V. Hayden
Crook County, east
• • • »
• • • •
1882
16 10
15 22
Mean, 26 stations
Crook County, west
• • • •
• • • •
1882
16 55
16 10
Mean, 44 stations
Bighorn County, NE.
• *
• • • «
1883
19 13
1837
Mean, 28 stations
Bighorn County, NW.
• • •
• • • • •
1882
20 07
19 32
Mean, n stations
Yellowstone Falls
44 44
no 34
1872.6
19 00
18 27
F. V. Hayden
Western Boundary
44 48
III 03
1874.6
19 20
18 50
A. V. Richards
Sheridan County, east
• • •
• • «
1882
16 50
16 08
Mean, 25 stations
Sheridan County, west
•
• •
1870
17 00
16 12
Mean, 2 stations
Tongue River
44 53
107 14
1859.5
16 30
15 44
J. Mullan
Hot Springs
44 58
no 43
1872.6
19 17
' 1845
F. V. Hayden
BERMUDAS, WEST INDIA ISLANDS, CENTRAL AMERICA, AND MEXICO TO LONGI-
TUDE 100* WEST OF GREENWICH
Group I
{Eor W)
(Eorir)
1
/ '
/
/
/
1
Port Escondido
16 04
96 57
1880.88
7 41.7 E
6 36E
H. E. Nichols
Salina Cruz
16 10
95 27
1880.87
7 17. 2 E
6 n E
Do.
Acapulco
16 49
99 56
1880.90
7 56.6 E
653E
Do.
Belize
17 29
88 12
1879. 29
5 47. 2 E
4 40E
S.M.Ackley
Coatzacoalcos
18 08
94 26
1880.14
7 10. 5 E
6 02 E
Do.
Laguna de Terminos
18 38
93 00
1880.17
6 39. 9 E
5 31 E
Do..
Vera Cruz
19 12
96 08
1880. n
7 26. 3 E
6 17E
Do.
City of Mexico
19 26
99 07
1884. 29
8 13. 9 E
7 33E
G. Davidson
Canipeche
19 50
90 33
1880. 19
6 36.7 E
5 30E
S. M. Ackley
Cozumel Island
20 33
8657
1879- 32
5 12.3 E
4 03E
Do.
Mugeres Island
21 15
86 46
1879. 32
4 49. 3 E
3 40E
Do.
Progress©
21 17
89 40
1880. 20
6 25. 7 E
5 17E
Do.
Cape San Antonio
21 56
84 55
1879. 27
4 44.0E
3 35E
Do.
Arenas Cay
22 07
91 25
1880.08
6 32.9 E
5 24 E
Do.
Perez Island
22 24
89 42
1880.06
' 6 19.2 E
5 loE
Do.
Bahia Honda
22 58
83 12
1879. 24
4 03. 4 E
2 54E
Do.
Matanzas
23 03
81 37
1879. 18
3 26. 4 E
2 17 E
Do.
Habana
23 08
82 22
1879. 20
1 3 53.8 E
2 45 E
Do.
Water Cay
23 59
80 21
1 1879. 16
2 50- 7 E
I 42 E
Do.
Nassau
25 06
77 20
' 1^579.14
I 25. 6 E
35E
Do.
South Bernini
25 42
79 18
1^79- 15
2 27. 9 E
I 28 E
Do.
Nonsuch Island
32 21
64 39
1890. 40
i 8 04 E
8 16 W
E. D. Preston
250
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, 1^2 — Continued.
BERMUDAS, WEST INDIA ISLANDS, CENTRAL AMERICA, AND MEXICO TO LONGI-
TUDE 100* WEST OF GREENWICH— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group II
/
/
{EorW)
/
{EorW)
/
He Flamenco, Panama Bay
855
79 31
1891. 4
5 01. E
429E
M. L. Courmes
Panama
857
79 26
1883. 1
5 02 E
408E
Lieut Bernardiere
Cfaagres
9 19
7958
1832. 5
6 28 E
3 35E
Foster
Colon
9 22
79 54
1891. 7
7 22. E
653E
M. L. Courmes
Cartagena
10 25
75 35
1837. 5
5 41 E
3 ooE
Milne
Puerto Cabello
10 30
68 00
1887.0
2 39 E
2 12 E
M. Aubry
La Guayra
10 36
6657
1891.7
3 02. E
I 51 E
M. L. Courmes
Trinidad
10 39
61 30
1891. 7.
10. E
02 E
Do.
Carupano
10 42
63 14
1891.7
56. E
48E
Do.
Nicaragua
10 56
83 42
1839.5
7 00 E
4 18E
E. Barnett
Barranquilla
Sabanilla
10 59
75 06
1857. 5
5 24 E
3 34E
— = — Friesach
II 00
74 57
^?3'-7
4 13. oE
3 49E
M. L. Courmes
Santa Marta
II 16
74 14
1887. 1
3 47. 1 E
3 20E
M. Aubry
Cura9ao
12 06
6856
1890. 1
2 28 E
2 07E
L. M. Garrett
Corinto
12 28
87 12
1898. 1
3 50 E
538E
H. M. S. Amphion
Barbados
13 05
59 36
1900.3
2 00 W
2 02 W
H. M. S. Indefat-
igable
Guatemala
14 35
90 30
1857. 6
7 17 E
5 ooE
Jesuit fathers
Fprt de France
14 36
6056
1887.3
17. 3 W
25 W
M. Aubry
Dominica
15 18
64 33
1826.5
I 15 E
• • •
Zahrtmann
Beacon Key
15 48
7951
1844.5
6 00 E
3 30E
Lawrence
Des Saintes
15 52
61 34
1888.5
I 05. 5 W
I 16 W
Leconte de Rou-
•
Ba.sse Terre
16 00
61 44
1888.2
27. 5 W
39 W
jon
M. Aubry
South Key, Honduras Bay
16 03
8659
1844.5
7 45 E
5 02E
Lawrence
The Hobbies
16 04
83 II
1833. 5
6 00 E
3 ooE
E. Barnett
Salina Cruz
16 lO
95 12
1889.2
6 59 E
6 20E
Laird, Norris, Hol-
combe
Pointe 4 Pitre-
16 «
61 32
1888.5
50 W
I 01 W
Leconte deRoujon
Acapulco
16 51
99 56
1898.0
7 32. 9 E
7 21 E
H. M. S. Egeria
Antigua
17 08
61 52
1848.5
46 E
054W
E. Barnett
St Croix
17 45
64 44
1853. 5
I 32 E
02 W
■L»"g
Point Moran, Jamaica
17 55
76 16
1831. 5
5 13 E
2 16E
Austin
Port Royal
1756
76 51
1896.6
2 49 E
2 38 E
H. M. S. Magi-
cienne
Coatzacoalcos
18 09
94 25
1889. 1
653 E
6 14E
Laird, Norris, Hol-
combe
Anguilla Island
St. Thomas
18 14
63 09
1846. 5
56 E
58W
E. Barnett
18 20
64 55
1888.4
23 W
40 W
Aubry and Roujon
Port au Prince
1833
72 25
1887.3
I 44 E
I 20E
M. Aubry
Cocolopam
18 53
97 04
1856. 6
8 28 E
6 28E
A. -Sonntag
Potrero
18 56
9648
1856. 6
8 39 E
6 39E
Do.
San Andres
1859
97 15
1856. 7
8 13 E
6 13E
Do.
Flamacas
19 03
98 39
1857. 1
8 28 E
6 28E
Do.
Vera Cruz
19 12
96 07
1889.0
7 12. 7 E
6 31 E
Laird, Norris, Hol-
combe
Mirador
19 13
96 37
1856. 8
8 02 E
6 02 E
A. Sonntag
Chalco
19 18
9851
1857.
9 03 E
7 07E
Do.
Tacubaya
19 26
99 07
1895. 5
7 45. 8 E
7 31E
M. Moreno yAnda
Port Plata
19 49
70 41
1890.0
37 E
20 E
Laird & Garrett
Cumberland Harbor
19 55
75 «5
1837. 5
3 31 E
48 E
Milne
Zacatlan
19 56
97 59
1901. 1
7 45. 1 E
7 42E
M. Moreno yAnda
Santiago
20 00
75 51
1887. 1
2 33. 1 E
2 00 E
M. Aubry
Cape Maysi
20 14
74 12
1831. 5
2 27 E
30 W
Austin
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
251
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
erritories reduced to January i, igo2 — Continued.
BERMUDAS, WEST INDIA ISLANDS, CENTRAL AMERICA, AND MEXICO TO LONGI-
TUDE ioo«» WEST OF GREENWICH— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Baracoa
San Domingo Key
Crooked (?) Island
Crooked Island
Habana
Watlin^ Island
Bermuda, Challenger Sta-
tion
Lati- Longi-
tude tude
20 22
74 34
21 33
75 45
22 07
74 24
22 47
74 21
23 08
82 22
23 57
74 25
32 19
64 52
Date of
observa-
tion
1831. 5
1837. 5
1835. 5
1837. 5
1901. 1
1831. 5
1898.0
Declina-
tion ob-
served
{Ear W)
o /
3
4
5
2
3
2
17
02
13
34
E
E
E
E
07. 8 E
31 B
8 10. o W
Declina-
tion in
1902
{EorW)
o /
20 E
20 E
25 E
10 W
05 E
26 W
8 14W
o
I
2
o
3
o
Observer or
authority
Austin & Foster
Milne
Foster
Milne
L. Gangoiti
Smith
H. M. S. Rambler
MEXICO, WEST OF LONGITUDE loo** WEST OF GREENWICH
Group I
Isla Grande
Clarion Island
Socorro Island
Manzanilla
^n Bias
Cape San Lucas
San Jos^ del Cabo
Mazatlan
La Paz
Pichilingue Bay
Magdalena Bay
Isle San Josef
Point San Ignacio
Loreto
Pequena Bay
Santa Barbara Bay
Point Abreojos
Muleje
Ascension Island
Santa Maria Cove
Guaymas
Cerros Island
Lagoon Head
Santa Teresa Bay
Guadaloupe Island
Tiburon Island
San Geronimo
San Luis Gonzales
San Martin Island
Point San Felipe
Rocky Point
Philippe Pt., mouth of river
Todos Santos
Group II
Near Roca Partida
Near Benedicte Island
Tabo Bay
Penas Anchorage
, o
17 40
18 20
18 43
19 03
21 32
22 54
23 04
23 12
24 10
24 16
2438
24 55
25 36
26 01
26 16
26 42
26 47
26 54
27 06
27 25
27 55
28 03
28 14
28 25
2855
29 12
29 47
29 51
30 29
31 02
31 17
31 46
31 51
19 06
19 15
20 24
20 36
loi 41
114 42
no 54
104 20
105 18
109 55
109 41
106 27
no 21
no 20
112 09
MO 37
109 17
111 20
112 28
109 38
113 31
111 58
114 18
112 20
no 53
115 Ti
114 06
112 52
118 15
112 27
115 48
"4 25
116 07
114 50
"3 33
114 43
116 38
112 00
no 49
105 40
105 16
880.9
880.8
880.8
880.9
880.9
881. 1
881. 1
881. 1
881. 1
881. 1
881.2
881. 1
881.0
881. 1
881.2
881.0
881.2
881. 1
88r.2
881. 1
881.0
881.2
873.1
881.0
881.2
881.0
881.2
881.0
881.2
881.0
881.0
881.0
881.3
874.2
874.2
874.2
874.2
East
o /
7 26.4
8 23
8 49.6
8 05.0
9 18. 1
9 26.2
9 43-8
9 39.4
10 09.2
9 45.1
10 29. 1
9 47.6
10 15.3
10 16.3
10 31. 1
10 48.4
11 15.5
II 13.4
II 23.0
II 06.3
II 48.0
II 58.6
II 50.8
11 42.0
12 54.8
11 59.3
12 42.2
12 27.3
12 55.7
12 57.2
13 27.0
13 05- 7
12 00.8
8 20.9
9 05.8
8 54.2
8 49.7
I
East
o /
6 20
7 55
8 20
7 05
8 18
8 50
9 07
8 40
9 30
06
55
14
40
43
55
9
9
9
9
9
9
10 12
10 46
10 40
10 58
10 33
11 14
II 12
II 24
11 12
12 30
11 34
12 17
12 02
12 31
12 32
13 00
12 40
n 40
7 40
8 25
7 36
7 30
H. E. Nichols
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
W. Eimbeck
H. E. Nichols
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Se3anour & Young
Do.
Do.
Do.
252
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, 1^2 — Continued.
MEXICO, WEST OF LONGITUDE ioo*> WEST OF GREENWICH— Continued
*
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
c /
East
/
East
/
Punta Mita
20 46
105 32
1875. 3
903.8
7 55
Craig & Seymour
Aguascalientes
21 55
102 17
1897.6
8 14.5
8 00
M. Moreno y Anda
Isabel Island
21 56
105 41
1874. 1
9 24
8 06
Seymour & Young
San Luis Potosi
22 09
100 55
1900.4
8 40.7
8 36
M. Moreno y Anda
Todos Santos
23 24
no 14
1875.
9 14.0
8 30
G. C. Reiter
Observation Point
23 33
109 29
1875.0
9 57.5
9 18
Do.
Punta Arena
24 04
109 50
1875. I
10 06.3
9 24
Do.
El Conejo Point
24 21
III 30
1875.
10 16.2
9 42
Reiter & Craig
Lupono Pt. , EspirituSantoI.
24 24
no 21
1875. 1
9 25.7
8 50
Do.
San Juan Nepomuceno
24 43
lOI ..
1900.4
9 05-9
9 01
M. Moreno y Anda
Santa Maria Bay
24 45
112 16
1875.0
10 45. 3
10 12
J. E. Craig
Seymour & Young
San Everisto, San Josef's C.
24 52
no 42
1873. 8
8 53.0
8 18
San Josef Island
25 02
no 43
1875. I
10 04.6
9 30
Craig & Reiter
Tuttle & Young
Playa Colorado
25 12
108 24
1874. 1
10 40. 5
10 op
Boca Soledad
25 16
n2 08
1875.
II 07.5
10 30
G. C. Reiter
Navachista
25 23
108 49
1874.1
10 20.2
. 9 37
Tuttle & Young
Saltillo
25 25
lOI 06
1900.4
8 39.3
8 34
M. Moreno y Anda
San Marcial Point
25 29
III 02
1875. 1
10 II.
9 37
G. C. Reiter
Topolobampo
25 34
109 10
1874. I
10 40. 5
10 00
Tuttle & Young
Carmen Island, Salinas Bay
26 00
III 07
1873. 9
n 27.7
10 52
Do.
San Juanico Point
26 03
112 40
1875.0
10 49- 5
10 15
G. C. Reiter
Agiabampo
26 17
109 18
1874. 1
12 01
II 25
Tuttle & Young
San Domingo Point
26 19
112 42
1875.0
10 21.4
948
Craig & Seymour
Pulpito Point
26 31
in 27
1875. 1
II 33.6
II 00
G. C. Reiter
Abreojos Pointy?)
26 42
113 14
1873. 5
II 57.4
II 24
Tanner & Young
San I^nacio Pomt
26 46
113 16
1875.0
12 07.8
11 30
Craig & Seymour
Abreojos Point
26 47
113 32
1890.0
10 58
10 38
C. F. Pond
Ciaris Island
26 59
109 57
1874. 1
II 16. 2
10 40
Tuttle & Young
Ascension Island
27 06
114 18
1889.9
10 59. 2
10 40
C. F. Pond
San Marcos Island
27 10
112 06
1875. I
10 37. 8
10 00
Craig & Reiter
Tuttle & Young
Off Lobos Island
27 20
no 38
1874. 1
II 30.6
10 55
Santa Rosalia
27 20
112 18
1892. 8
10 51
10 32
L. Motlez
San Bartolome Bay
27 39
114 52
1888.4
II 30
n 08
C. F. Pond
San Carlos Point
28 00
112 48
1875. 1
II 45.7
II 15
Craig & Reiter
San Pedro Anchorage
Cerros I. , Morro Rodondo B.
28 03
in 16
1874.
12 24.6
II 50
Tuttle & Young
28 04
115 12
1888.3
II 39.4
II 15
C. P. Pond
Lagoon Head, Sebastian
28 15
114 06
1888.0
II 31-0
II 08
Do.
Vizcaino Bay
San Beneto Island
28 18
"5 35
1889. 1
II 26.6
n 05
Do.
Rosalia Bay, Sebastian
28 40
114 14
1888.2
9 26.3
9 06
Do.
Vizcaino Bay
Kino Bay
28 46
III 59
1874.
12 32. 9
12 00
Tuttle & Young '
Tiburon Island
28 46
112 22
1874.0
12 28. 2
12 00
Do.
Las Animas
28 48
113 13
1873. 9
12 35.6
12 00
Do.
Raza Island
28 49
113 00
1875. 2
12 30.0
II 55
Reiter & Craig
La Playa, Maria Bay
28 56
114 32
1889.4
10 21.4
10 00
C. F. Pond
Angeles Bay
28 57
113 35
1873. 9
12 41.4
12 05
Tuttle & Young
Angel de la Gardia Island
29 00
113 12
1875. I
12 28.8
II 55
Craig & Reiter
Tuttle & Young
Remedies Bay
29 14
113 40
1873. 9
12 33.4
12 00
Patos Island
29 16
112 29
1874.0
13 00.2
12 25
Do.
An^el de la Gardia Island
29 32
113 30
1875. 2
12 31.9
12 00
G. C. Reiter
Mejia Island
29 33
113 35
1875. 2
12 04.5
II 36
Reiter & Seymour
Presidio del Norte
29 34
104 25
1852.5
10 16
9 25
W. H. Emory
San Geronimo Island
29 47
115 48
1S88.4
12 23.6
12 00
C. F. Pond
Libertad Bay
29 54
112 45
1874.
12 56
12 20
Tuttle & Young
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
253
Table of the most, recent magnetic declinations obsen^ed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to Jayiuary /, igo2 — Continued.
MEXICO, WEST OF LONGITUDE 100° WEST OF GREENWICH—Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
San Lnis Island
Sepoca Bay
San Quentin
San Firmin
San Martin Island
Cape Colnet
George's Island
Espia
Adair Bay
Santo Tomas Anchorage
El Paso del Norte, Initial Ft.
Mouth of Rio Colorado
Bnsinado Anchorage, Bay
of Todos Santos
Los Coronados Islands
Lati-
tude
2958
30 16
30 22
30 25
30 29
3058
31 01
31 21
31 30
31 33
31 47
31 51
31 51
32 25
longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
114 26
1874.
112 53
1875. 2
115 59
1873. 7
114 40
1874.
116 06
1888.4
116 17
1889.4
113 16
1875. 2
107 56
1855. 2
114 08
1874.0
116 4t
1889.4
106 28
1855.0
114 45
1842.5
116 38
1873.6
117 15
1889.4
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
12
30.1
12
16.7
12
59.7
II
14
12
23.2
13
14.9
12
43.5
12
05
13
19.7
13
46.2
II
55
II
15
12
41.2
13 09.4
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
/
12 00
Tuttle & Young
II 45
G. C. Reiter
12 35
Tanner & Young
10 45
Tuttle & Young
12 05
C. F. Pond
12 57
Do.
12 10
Reiter & Sevmour
II 20
W. H. Emory
12 55
Tuttle & Young
13 26
C. F. Pond
II 26
W. H. Emory
II 25
Duflot de Mofras
12 20
Tanner & Young
13 00
C. F. Pond
BRITISH POSSESSIONS TO LONGITUDE 75° WEST OF GREENWICH
Group I
/
/
West
/
West
/
Yarmouth, Nova Scotia
43 50
66 07
1881. 85
17 49. 4
18 00
S,W. Very
We3rmouth, Nova Scotia
44 24
66 00
1881.86
18 43. 4
18 54
Do.
Halifax, Nova Scotia
44 40
63 35
1896. 52
20 38.5
20 36
G. R. Putnam
Annapolis, Nova Scotia
44 44
65 31
1881. 87
19 26.8
19 36
S. W. Very
Windsor, Nova Scotia
45 00
64 08 >
1881.89
20 42. 3
20 54
Do.
ChaiAcook, New Brunswick
45 08
67 05
1859. 79
17 35.7
18 48
G. W. Dean
Arichat, Isl^ Madame
45 30
61 01
1881. 82
23 25.9
22 50
S. W. Very
Montreal
45 30
73 35
1896. 79
14 19.0
14 39
R. L. Faris
Sydney, Cape Breton
46 09
60 12
1896.53
24 53- 6
24 40
G. R. Putnam
St. Pierre de Miquelon
46 47
56 II
1881. 78
28 20.8
27 05
S. W. Very
Quebec
46 48
71 14
1879. 72
17 13.7
17 30
J. B. Baylor
St. Johns, Newfoundland
47 34
62 42
1881. 74
30 37. 3
29 10
S. W. Very
Twillingate, Newfoundland
49 39
54 46
1881. 53
33 59. 2
32 40
Do.
Group II
Cape Sable
43 20
65 30
1828. 5
12 00
• • • •
Chart
Negro Harbor
43 33
65 25
1859- 5
17 20
18 18
P. F. Shortland
§helbume Light
43 37
65 16
1859. 5
17 47
18 45
Do.
Chester Harbfor
44 36
64 10
1775. 5
13 30
» •
J. F.W. Des Barres
Halifax
44 40
63 35
1895.7
21 14.0
21 12
H. M. S. Rambler
Lawrencetown
44 42
63 22
1881.5
21 15
21 20
W. B. J Dawson
Waverly
44 47
6336
1881. 8
21 01
21 06
Do.
Bamhart Island
45 00
74 48
1871.5
10 22
13 05
A. C. I/amson
Cornwall Canal
45 00
74 55
1869.5
9 30
12 25
Stanstead
45 02
72 10
1845- 5
II 33
14 50
Boundary survey
Black Rock, near Light
45 10
64 46
1856. 5
18 44
19 55
P. F. Shortland
Mispeck Point
45 12
66 00
1859.5
18 16
19 28
Do.
St. John, New Brunswick
45 14
66 03
1866.3
19 22. 9
20 II
J. H. Orlebar
Prospect Hill and Conn. R.
45 15
71 14
^845.5
12 08.5
15 10
Boundary survej'
Highland Boundary
45 18
71 05
1845.5
13 20
16 22
Do. "
St. Johns, near Montreal
45 19
73 00
1842. 5
II 22
14 52
J. H. Lefroy
Arnold River
45 20
70 55
1845. 5
13 30
16 32
Boundary survey
254
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinatmis observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to Ja?iuary /, igo2 — Continued.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS TO LONGITUDE 75** WEST OF GREENWICH— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Dead River
Highland Boundai^*
Isle Madame
Rividre k la Graisse
Carillon
Highland Boundary
Pointe aux Chines
Merigomish Harbor
Richmond
Picton Harbor
Highland Boundary
Wallace Harbor
Pugwash Harboi
Drummondville
Sorel
Stone Island
Isle de GrAce
Sydney
Cape Tormentine
Georgetown
Chariottetown
Ice, Lake St. Peter
Carleton Head *
Shediac Island
Cape Breton
Three Rivers
River St. Maurice
Becancour
Bedeque Harbor
River St. Croix
Isle Bigot, River Champlain
Cape Turner
Richmond Bay
Grondines
Platon Point
Richibucto River
Trepassy
St. Pierre
Cascumpeque
Quebec
St. Thomas
Pointe Miquelon
Anse de Miauelon
Crane Island
Miramichi, Vin Island
Stone Pillar
Amherst Harbor
Isle aux Coudres
Bull Island
St. Johns, Newfoundland
Duck Island, near Cape Ray
Bay Roberts
Cape Bay
Temiscouata Lake
Lati-
tude
45 26
45 31
45 35
45 36
45 36
45 37
45 37
45 38
45 41
45 42
45 42
45 49
45 53
45 53
46 03
46 06
46 06
46 09
46 10
46 II
46 14
46 14
46 15
46 15
46 17
46 19
46 21
46 22
46 24
46 25
46 26
46 30
46 34
46 34
46 40
46 43
46 44
46 47
46 48
46 48
46 59
47 02
47 05
47 05
47 06
47 12
47 15
47 25
47 26
47 34
47 34
47 35
47 37
47 38
Longi-
tude
70 48
70 43
6056
74 22
74 32
70 37
74 55
62 27
72 03
62 40
70 28
63 26
63 41
72 34
73 00
73 02
73 07
60 12
63 50
62 33
63 08
72 44
63 43
64 23
60 23
72 36
72 43
71 33
6348
70 03
72 24
63 20
63 43
72 24
71 54
64 49
53 23
56 10
64 03
71 12
70 33
56 18
56 25
70 32
65 04
70 22
61 50
70 26
53 47
52 41
59
53
II
15
Date of
observa-
tion
59 19
69 00
845.5
845.5
848.5
843.5
843.5
845.5
843.5
842.5
876.6
841.5
844.5
840.5
840.5
842.5
842.5
830.5
830.5
900.6
840.5
843.5
898.4
828.5
840.5
839.5
857.5
842.5
835.5
876.6
841.5
844.5
835.5
845.5
845.5
835.5
837.5
839.5
898.5
899.7
845.5
887.7
876.6
899-7
890.7
831.5
857.4
83^.5
833.5
831.5
858.6
896.4
856.5
866.7
856.5
818.5
Declina.
tion ob-
served
West
o /
Declina-
tion in
1902
West
o /
13 10
16 12
13 25
16 27
22 30
22 50
8 26
14 04
8 41
14 19
13 37
16 40
7 28
13 06
20 15
21 34
16 59. 6
17 50
20 19
21 38
13 50
17 05
19 50
21 15
19 40
21 05
12 28
17 30
II 22
16 22
10 30
1636
10 27
16 33
24 33-3
24 30
20 00
21 20
21 58
23 05
23 40.0
23 31
II 15
• •
20 18
21 43
19 59
21 30
24 40
24 20
II 58
16 30
II 32
16 52
15 43.5
16 34
20 12
21 30
15 02
18 05
12 41.5
18 02
21 41
22 36
21 00
21 55
12 27
17 30
12 52
17 36
19 50
22 00
28 50.0
28 36
27 16
27 09
21 10
22 30
17 09.8
17 24
17 50. 1
18 05
27 16
27 10
28 14
27 40
14 28
1854
21 24
21 32
14 49
19 16
22 36
24 30
15 17
19 43
30 27
28 50
29 45. 4
29 17
27 22
26 45
30 56.
29 12
27 37
27 00
16 31
• • •
Observer or
authority
Boundary survey
Do.
G. W. Keely
J. H. Lefroy
Do.
Boundary sur\-ey
J. H. Lefroy
H. W. Bayfield
F. E. Hilgard
H. W. Bayfield
Boundary survey
H. W. Bayfield
Do.
J. H. Lefroy
Do.
H. W. Bayfield
Do.
H. M. S. Indefat-
igable
H. W. Bayfield
H. W. Bayfield
Newf *dland surv.
J. H. Lefroy
H. W. Bayfield
Do.
J. H. Orlebar
J. H. Lefroy
H.W.Bayfiel^
F. E. Hilgard
H. W.-Bayfield
Boundary survey
H. W. Bayfield
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Newf'dland surv.
M. Colson
H. W. Bayfield
M. Aubry
F. E. Hilgard
M. Colson
A.Schwerer
H. W. Bayfield
J. H. Orlebar
H. W. Bayfield
Do.
Do.
Otter
H. M.S. Cordelia
J. H. Orlebar
Do.
Do.
J. Johnson
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
255
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January z, igo2 — Continued.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS TO LONGITUDE 75° WEST OF GREENWICH— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Carbonear
Shippigan Harbor
Bryon Island
Caraquette Island
Riviere du Loup, en bas
Rividre du Loup
Hearts Content
Codroy Island
Brandy Pot Island
Cape Anguille
Northeast boundary claimed
before 1842
Hants Harbor
Miscou Harbor
Paspebiac
Dalhousie Island
Old Perlican
Carleton Point
Tadousac
Point Maquereau
Rasade Inlet
Bic Island
St. Georges Bay, Sand Pt.
King's Cove
Portneuf
Bona vista
Port au Port
Baie de Gasp^
Bersimis Point
Birchy Cove
Petitpas Cove
Anticosti, Heath Pt.
Cape Chat
Mont Louis River
Pointe des Monts
Port St. Nicholas
Neddy Harbor
Egg Inlet
White Bay, Sops Arm
Cape Henry, Anticosti
White Bay, Jacksons Arm
Cliffy Point
Baie des Sept lies
Port Saunders
Port au Choix .
Baie du Gouffre
Point Rich
Bonnie Baie de St. Jean
Baie du Cap Rouge
Baie de Sainte Marguerite
Havre du Croc
Baie aux Outardes
Bradore
Baie du Sacre
Lati-
tude
Lonfifi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
West
West
/
/
/
/
47 41
53 14
6443
1866.5
31 02.0
29 18
J. H. Orlebar
47 45
1838. 5
21 43
23 18
H. W. Bayfield
47 48
61 26
64 53
1835.5
23 30
2448
Do.
47 50
1838.5
^^ 30 ^
23 05
Do.
47 51
69 25
1876. 7
20 38. 8
20 37
F. E. Hilgard
47 51
69 35
loOO.
17 36
21 06
H. W. Bayfield
47 52
53 22
31 21.0
29 37
J. H. Orlebar
47 53
59 25
1835* s
25 00
26 18
H. W. Bayfield
47 53
6942
1836. 5
17 25
20 07
Do.
47 55
59 24
1894.5
26 55.0
26 40
NewTdland surv;
48 00
67 47
1859.5
X9 30
20 12
State survey
48 01
53 14
1866.5
32 13.0
30 30
J. H. Orlebar
48 01
64 30
1838.5
20 35
22 15
H. W. Bayfield
48 01
65 35
1838. 5
21 21
23 13
Do.
48 04
66 23
1839. 5
20 15
22 10
Do.
48 05
53 00
1866.4
31 42.0
30 00
J. H. Orlebar
48 05
66 08
1838. 5
1887.6
20 23
22 17
H. W. Bayfield
4808
69 43
19 27.5
19 40
M. Aubry
48 12
64 47
1837. 5
22 00
23 40
H. W. Bayfield
48 13
69 09
1829. 5
17 34 •
21 10
Do.
48 25
68 49
1830. 5
17 29
21 05
Do.
48 28
58 29
1893. 6
29 23.0
29 00
Newf'dland surv.
48 34
53 18
1866.6
32 37-
30 54
J. H. Orlebar
4837
69 07
1831.5 1
17 36
21 12
H. W. Bayfield
48 39
53 08
1866.4
34 05. 5
32 22
J. H. Orlebar
48 39
58 50
1894.7
28 52.0
28 30
Newf*dland surv.
48 49
64 28
1887.6
25 08
25 00
M. Aubry
48 56
68 38
1831- 5
18 48
22 24
H. W. Bayfield
48 59
58 00
1899.6
30 00
29 53
M. Colson
48 59
57 59
1900.6
29 56.6
29 52
H. M. S. Indefat-
igable
49 05
•61 42
1892. 6
28 41.0
28 16
Newf*dland surv.
49 06
66 46
1830. 5
21 27
24 27
H. W. Bayfield
49 15
65 45
1828. 5
22 00
24 54
Do.
49 19
67 23
1830. 5
20 13
23 13
H. W. Bayfield
49 19
67 48
1830. 5
19 57
22 57
Do.
49 32
57 52
1895.7
29 28.0
29 09
Newf'dland surv.
49 38
67 n
1832. 5
21 35
24 35
H. W. Baytield
49 46
5652
1897.7
32 07.0
31 50
Newf'dland surv.
49 48
64 24
1830.0
24 22
27 05
H. W. Bayfield
49 52
56 46
1897.6
32 51.0
32 38
Newf'dland surv.
50 13
57 36
1896.8
32 13.0
31 57
Do.
50 13
66 25
1887.6
20 13
20 08
M. Aubry
50 39
57 17
; 1890.5
31 49.5
31 15
A. Schwerer
50 42
57 21
1890.4
31 35.3
31 00
Do.
50 42
56 09
1890.6
33 10.
32 36
Do.
50 43
57 23
1897.5
33 03.0
32 50
Newf'dland surv.
50 48
57 12
1899.6
31 45.5
31 38
M. Colson
50 54
55 10
1890.6
34 09.8
33 36
A. Schwerer
51 00
57 10
1890.6
33 09.7
32 36
Do.
51 04
55 48
1890.6
34 13.2
33 40
Do.
51 21
55 58
1890.6
35 48.5
35 14
Do.
51 28
57 15
, 1891.7
33 53.0
33 22
Newf'dland surv.
51 36
55 40
: 1890. 6
36 07.4
35 33
A. Schwerer
256
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to Jayiuary /, igo2 — Continued.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS TO LONGITUDE 75° WEST OF GREENWICH— Continuerl
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
1
Group //—Continued
/
/
U'est
/
West
/
Straits of Belle Isle
51 36
55 59
1898.6
37 01.
36 50
Newf'dland surv.
Chateau Bay
52 00
55 50
1891.7
35 51.0
35 20
Do.
Hamilton Inlet, Northwest
53 32
60 09
1860.7
39 03
. .
J. H. Orlebar
River, Labrador
Hamilton Inlet, near Rigo-
54 n
58 25
1860.7
41 09
• * • «
Do.
let. Labrador
Hamilton Inlet, Cats Islet
1
54 22
57 54
1860.7
GITUDES
40 39
• • •
Do.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS
BETWE
EN LON(
75® AND 9c
)° WEST (
£or H'
/
DF GREENWICH
Group I
f
/ i
E or ir
/
•
Foot of Lon^ Portage
47 55
84 45
1880.62
3 14.0 W
4 48 W
S. W. \ery
Fort Michipicoten
47 56
84 51
18S0.60
I 20. 5 w
2 54 W
Do.
Big Stony Portiage
48 14
84 15
1880.57
4 12. 1 W
5 46 W
Do.
Sandy Beach
48 18
84 01
1880.57
I 19. 3 W
2 53 W
Do.
Fairy Point
48 21
83 44
1880.58
3 22. 2 W
4 58 W
Do.
Missinaibi
48 29
83 28
1880.58
2 21. 2 w
3 58 W
Do.
Foot of Swampy ground
48 42
83 24
1880.68
12.7 w
I 53 W
Do.
Portage
Saint Paul Rapids
48 50
83 24
1880.68
4 10. 2 W
5 52 W
Do.
Moose River
49 08
83 22
1880. 67
4 20. 4 W
6 04 W
Do.
Twin Portage
49 12
83 24
1880.59
4 58. 1 W
6 44 W
Do.
Albany Rapids
49 22
83 30
1880.67
4 II. oW
559W
Do.
Kettle Portage
49 47
83 16
1880.60
4 15. I W
6 05 W
Do.
Storehouse Portage
Near Cedar Islana
50 04
83 16
1880.66
4 54. 6 W
6 47 W
Do.
50 21
82 42
1880.63
5 14. 5 W
7 08 W
Do.
Moose R., nr. Falling Brook
50 36
82 07
1880.61
7 56. 9 W
9 50 W
Do.
Long Gravel Bed
50 44
81 48
1880. 65
8 01.9 W
9 56W
Do.
Gypsum Beds
50 50
8t 15
1880.65
9 «2. 9 W
II 50 W
Do.
Moose Factorv, Hudson Bay
51 15
80 40
1880.63
15 27. 5 W
17 28 W
Do
Group II
Middle Island
41 41
82 41
1845. 5
I 54 E
I 14 W
J.H.Simpson
Pointe Pel^e Island
41 49
82 41
1877. 4
15 E
I 00 W
F. Terry
East Sister Island
41 49
82 51
1845. 5
2 18 E
50 w
J. H. Simpson
Middle Sister Island
41 51
83 00
1845-5
2 00 E
I 08 w^
Do.
Pointe Pel^e
41 55
82 31
1877.7
25 E
50 w
F. M. Towar
Pigeon Bay
Colchester
41 59
82 33
1877. 7
10 W
I 25 w
A. C. Lamson
42 00
8258.
1877.7
31 E
44 W
F. M. Towar
Kingsville
42 02
82 45
1877. 7 •
30 E
045W
F. Terry
Bois Blanc Island
42 05
83 07
1874.4
32 E
54W
A. C. Lamson
Amherstburg
42 07
83 07
1840. 5
I 30 E
I 50 w
J. N. Macomb
Pointe aux Pins
42 15
81 52
1845. 5
I 04 E
2 10 W
J.H.Simpson
Rondeau Harbor
42 16
81 52
1896.8
2 07. 1 W
2 28 W^
. W.J.Stewart
Rividre aux Puces
42 18
82 47
1869.0
I 13 E
37 W
J.F.Gregory
Mouth of Thames River
42 19
82 27
1871.3
29 E
I 15 w
A. C. Lamson
Belleisle
42 20
83 00
1873. 8
35 E
1 51 w
Do.
Long Point
42 34
80 08
1896. 8
3 55.0W
. 4 16 w
W.J.Stewart
Turkey Point
42 39
80 20
1896.4
3 48 W
! 4 10 W
J, F. Fraser
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
257
Table of the most recent inagjietic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS BETWEEN LONGITUDES 75° AND 90° WEST OF GREENWICH—
Continued
•
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
' tion iu
1902
Eor W
/
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
: EorW
/
1
Normandale
42 42
80 20
1896.0
2 35 W
2 59 w
1
Anderson & Stew-
art
Do.
Port Dover
42 47
80 12
1896.3
4 12 W
4 35 W
Mohawk Island
42 50
79 37
1870. 5
2 40 W
454W
Light-House list
Port Maitland
42 51
79 35
1896.0
4 59 W
5 23 W
j Stewart & Fraser
Ridgeway
42 52
79 04
1875. 6
3 33 W
5 29 W
' J. Eisenniann
Port Colborne
42 53
79 16
1896.8
5 23. 6 W
5 44W
W.J.Stewart
Lake Wawanash
43 01
82 19
1859- 7
40 W
3 ooW
H. C. Penny
Port Dalhousie
43 12
79 16
1875. 5
4 ;22 w
6 16 W
J. Eisenmann
Cape Ipperwash
43 13
82 00
i860. 1
1 09. 4 w
2 29 W
. Smith & Penny
Toronto, Mag. Observatory
43 39
79 23
1895. 2
4 46. 8 W
5 08W
0. J. Klotz
Ooderich
43 44
81 43
1860.5
I 42. oW
4 07 W
: W.P.Smith
Peter Pointe
43 51
77 10
1869.5
6 W
8 30 W
Light-House list
Bowmanville
43 52
7838
1869.5
3 30 W
5 48 W
Do.
Oshaw'ay
43 52
7848
1869.5
3 30 W
5 48 W
Do.
Duck Islands
43 56
76 37
1874. 6
5 00 W
7 06 W
C. Donovan
Timber Island
43 57
76 50
1874. 6
7 19 w
9 19 W
F.M.Towar
Point Yeo
44 03
76 30
1818. 5
2 30 W
8 54W
W. F. W. Owen
Cookstown
44 08
79 37
1880.0
4 03. 7 W
5 22 W
H. Creswick
Wolf I. n°ar Garden I.
44 II
76 29
1874. 6
6 45 W
8 51 W
F. TeiT\'
F. M. Towar
Amherst Island, east end
44 II
76 37
1874. 6
7 12 W
9 18 W
Kincardine
44 II
81 37
1900.7
4 45.3 ^V
4 50W
F. Anderson
Kingston
44 13
76 35
1840. 5
4 00 W
9 06 W
Halhdays Point
44 14
76 18
1873. 5
7 30 W
9 42 W
1 H.Custer
AVolfe Island, Browns Point
44 14
76 24
1874. 7
6 25 W
8 31 W
; F.M.Towar
-Gananoque
44 18
76 12
1874.4
8 33 W
10 39 W
Do.
Allandale
44 20
79 41
1879. 9
4 48. W
6 08 W
H. Creswick
Barrie, Lake Simcoe
44 21
79 37
1878. 5
4 43. 3 W
6 09 W
Do.
Chantry Island
44 3«
81 24
1900.8
5 53. 3 W
5 58 W
F. Anderson
•Collingfwood Harbor
44 3«
80 14
1894.6
4 31 W
5 01 W
Stewart and Camp-
bell
F. Anderson
Nattawasaga River
44 32
80 01
1893-7
5 42 W
6 15W
Owen Sound
44 34
80 56
1897.8
5 26. 5 W
5 43 W
J. F. Fraser
3 miles west of Ogdensburg
44 42
75 34
1871.8
9 36 W
12 06W
U. S. Lake Survey
Cape Rich
44 43
8038
1894.3
436 w
5 07 W
Anderson and
Stewart
2 miles above Ogdensburg
44 44
75 32
1818.5
3 30 W
• • • •
W. F. W. Owen
Vails Point
44 44
8045
1888.6
4 16 W
5 10 W
Captain Boulton
Victoria Harbor
44 45
79 48
1892.7
5 19 W
5 56 W
F. Anderson
Burke Island
44 46
81 19
1900.9
5 41. 8 W
5 47 W
Do.
Penetanguishene
44 49
80 01
1848. 5
I 28 W
4 48 w
— Typer
Anderson and
vChristian I., Indian Village
44 49
80 10
1894,6
6 08 W
6 38 W
Stewart
Beckwith Island
44 50
80 06
1893.6
5 55 W
6 29 W
Stewart and An-
derson
McGregor Harbor
44 56
81 02
1888.5
4 55 W
5 50W
W. J. Stewart
South Watcher Island
44 57
80 04
1892.5
6 05 W
6 43W
D. C. Campbell
Garden Island
45 00,
81 23
1899.8
5 54.4 W
6 03 W
F. Anderson
Western Islands
45 05
80 25
1820. 5
I 25 E
• • • •
H. W. Bayfield
Milligan Island
45 06
80 07
1891.1
4 52 W
536W
Boulton and Camp-
bell
H. W. Bayfield
Chin Cape
45 07
81 25
1819.5
39 E
• •
27478 — 02 —
-17
258
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, i^z — Continued.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS BETWEEN LONGITUDES 75^ AND 90° WEST OF GREENWICH—
Continued <
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
1
1
Date of i
observa- ,
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority'
Group //—Continued
1
I
I
/ 1
/
Eor IV
/
Eor ]V
/
Warner "Bsy
Cape Hurd
Cabot Head
45 II
81 38
1899.6
6 25. 2 W
635W
F. Anderson
45 14
81 51
1821. 5
21 E
• • •
H. W. Bayfield
45 15
81 26
1819.5
24 E
• • • •
Do.
Tobermory Harbor
45 16
81 41
1899.5
6 44.1 W
654W
W. J. Stewart
Doctor Island
45 16
81 41
1884.6 :
5 53 W
7 05 W
Captain Boulton
Reid Island
45 19
80 16
1898.3 :
6 38. W
6 53W
F. Anderson
Cove Island
45 20
81 44
1898.5 1
6 53.0 W
7 07 W
Do.
Ottawa
45 21
75 42
1875.8
10 00. 5 W
12 07 w
R. Sparks
Silbow Rock
45 21
. 8003
1890.4
556 w
6 42 W
W. J. Stewart
Mink Islands
45 22
80 25
1890.5
5 06 W
552W
Boulton and Stew-
art
W. J. Stewart
Fitzwilliam I., SW. Point
45 26
81 49
1899.8
4 30.5 W
4 39 W
Halfmoon Island
45 27
81 35
1821.5
22 E
• • • •
H. W. Bayfield
Manitoulin Island
45 28
81 54
1821.5
I 13 E
• • • •
H. W. Bayfield
Point Aylmer
45 29
75 48
1843.5
6 58 W
12 17 W
J. H. Lefroy
Rattlesnake Harbor
45 32
81 43
1899.8
6 22. 7 W
6 32W
F. Anderson
Isles off Franklin Inlet
45 33
8038
1821.5
40 E
• ' • •
H. W. Bayfield
Point au Baril Harbor
45 33
80 30
1889.5
509 w
6 00 W
Captain Boulton
Club Island
45 34
81 36
1900.8
6 32.0 W
6 37W
W. J. Stewart
South Bay Mouth
45 34
82 00
1899.4
3 47.0 W
358W
F. Anderson
Erie Shingle
45 34
81 38
1884.8
4 45 W
6 ooW
Captain Boulton
Portage du Fort
Alfred Township
45 36
76 53
1843.5
5 II W
10 30 W
J. H. Lefroy
45 37
75 12
1843.5
6 58 W
12 17 w
Do.
White-shingle Bank
45 37
81 31
1821.5
21 E
• •
H.W.Bayfield
Outer Duck Island
45 39
82 56
1897.7
2 07.5 W
2 27 W
J. F. Fraser
Great Duck Island
45 39
82 56
1897.8
2 00.2 W
2 I9W
Do.
Fanny Island
45 44
81 48
1885.7
341 w
454W
Captain Boulton
Macnab Rocks
45 45
80 39
1888.0
4 19 W
j 5 22W
Boultonand Camp-
bell
J. F. Fraser
Western Duck Island
45 45
82 57
1897.7
3 00 W
3 19W
Misery Bay
45 47
82 45
1898.6
3 18.0 w
333W
F. Anderson
Burnt Island
45 49
82 57
1897.7
3 07. 2 W
3 26 w
J. F. Fraser
West Bay Indian Village
45 50
82 10
1886.4
5 12 W
6 22 W
Captain Boulton
Squaw Island, West Rock
45 50
1 81 29
1884.9
I 07 W
2 24 W
Do.
West Mound
45 50
1 81 39
1885.4
3 42 W
456W
Do.
Island off Henvey Inlet
45 51
1 80 53
1821.5
I 33 E
1 . • •
H.W.Bayfield
Gull Island
45 51
' 81 16
1885.4
5 02 W
6 17 W
D. C. Campbell
Murray Rocks
45 52
80 48
1886.7
5 38 W
647W
BoultonandCamp-
bell
J. F. Fraser
Small island west side Mis-
45 52
83 18
1897.6
4 39- 8 W
' 5 00 W
sisauga Straits
Manitoulin Island
1
45 53
83 13
1897. 6
3 27 W
: 347W
Do.
Ridaiit Island
45 54
80 56
1886.6
7 20 W
8 29 W
Captain Boulton
Little Cockburn Island
45 54
83 30
1897.8
3 28.6 W
3 48 W
J. F. Fraser
Islet off Grondines Point
45 54
81 15
1821.5
32 w
. . . .
H.W.Bayfield
Henry Island
45 55
82 46
1887.7
358 w
5 loW
Captain Boulton
Gore Bay Harbor
45 55
82 28
1887.4
3 32 W
445W
Do.
Graburn Island
45 55
8055
1886.7
6 50 W
8 00 W
D. C. Campbell
Kokanongwi Shingle
45 56
81 34
1885.5
2 51 w
4 loW
Do.
Drummond Island
45 56
83 42
1859.5
13 E
2 33 W
Lake Huron
45 57
81 32
1843. 5
38 W
405W
J. H. Lefroy
H. W. Bayfield
Point on shore
; 45 57
81 38
1821.5
31 w
• »
Gore Bay Light-House
45 57
82 29
1885.5
6 02 W
7 20W
Captain Boulton
Strawberry Island L. H.
45 58
81 51
1885.6
3 46 W
5 ooW
D. C. Campbell
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
259
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, i^oz — Continued.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS BETWEEN LONGITUDES 75° AND 90° WEST OF GREENWICH—
Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
R or
/
W
Eor W
/
Little Current
45 59
81 55
1900.8
4 23.4 W
4 29 W
F. Anderson
Beverly Island
46 00
82 15
1886.8
5 02
W
6 15W
Campbell and
Stewart
Bedford Island
46 02
82 01
1885.7
3 43
w
5 ooW
Boulton& Stewart
St. Joseph Island
46 04
84 09
1822.5
3 «>
E
• • •
H. W. Bayfield
Fort la Cloche
46 07
82 25
1843. 5
1 58
w
5 14W
J. H. Lefroy
Missisauga
Grant Island
46 08
83 10
1843. 5
55
w
4 II w
Do.
46 09
83 18
1886.5
2 43
w^
4 00 w
Captain Boulton
Aird Island
46 09
82 22
1887.8
3 44
w
455W
Do.
Cranberry Bay
46 II
83 03
1845. 5
25
w
34IW
J. H. Lefroy
Rocher Capitaine
Thessalon Point
46 15
78 20
1843.5
448
w
8 57 W
Do.
46 16
83 31
1843.5
31
w
347W
Do.
St. Joseph Island, Hilton
46 16
83 54
1889.4
2 38
w
3 41 W
W.J.Stewart
St. Joseph Island, Gravel Pt.
46 16
8350
1889.4
236
w
339W
Do.
Portage de la Grande Vase
46 19
79 07
1843. 5
3 52
w
8 ooW
J. H. Lefroy
Campement d'Ours
Portlock Harbor
46 20
8356
1845. 5
03
E
3 13 W
Do.
46 20
84 07
1822. 5
2 51
E
•
H. W. Bayfield
Forshaw Island
46 20
84 05
1889.5
2 51
W
3 53 W
W.J.Stewart
Mission Point
46 27
84 36
1855.6
2 09
E
50W
E. P. Scammon
Pointe aux Pins
46 28
84 28
1855. 5
I 21
E
I 37 W
Do.
Point Iroquois
46 29
84 47
1824.5
3 22
E
• • •
H. W. Bayfield
Head of Lake George
46 32
84 20
1825. 5
3 19
E
• •
Do.
Parisian Island
46 40
84 43
1895.6
2 22.,
5W
2 55 W
E. E. Haskell
Goulais Point
46 41
8433
1867.6
23
E
I 53 W
0. N. Chaffee
South Sandy Island
46 48
84 39
1867.5
15
E
2 01 W
Do.
North Sandy Island
46 50
84 39
1895.7
2 34.^
4 W
3 06 W
E. E. Haskell
Pointe aux Crapes
4658
84 58
1843.5
2 15
E
I 01 W
J, H. Lefroy
H. W. Bayfield
Little Trout River
47 09
8854
1824. 5
9 12
E
• • •
Montreal Island
47 19
84 52
1824. 5
328
E
• •
Do.
Cape Gargantua ( i )
47 34
84 58
1895.4
2 52. <
oW
3 25 W
E. E. Haskell
Cape Gargantua ( 2 )
47 34
84 58
1895.4
I 33.
2 W
2 06 W
Do.
Near Dog River
47 52
85 24
1843. 5
2 22
E
54 W
J. H. Lefroy
Le Petit Mort
47 58
85 49
1843.5
4 59
E
I 43 B
Do.
Grand Portage
47 58
89 49
1824. 5
II 00
E
• • «
H. W. Bayfield
Otter Head
48 05
86 10
1824. 5
5 07
E
• •
Do.
Tip Top
48 15
88 06
1871.6
03
E
2 07 W
C. B. Comstock
Fort William
48 24
89 23
1844-5
6 21
E
3 16E
J. H. Lefroy
Bad Portage
48 29
89 40
1843. 5
5 33
E
2 22 E
Do.
Trembling Portage
48 31
90 00
1857.5
6 21
E
3 28E
J. Palliser
White River
48 33
8627
1844.5
2 10
E
55 W
J. H. Lefroy
Fort Pic
48 38
8639
1844.5
5 31
E
2 26 E
Do.
Peninsula Harbor
48 44
86 28
1824. 5
6 20
E
• a
H. W. Bayfield
Point on shore
48 44
87 00
1824. 5
7 42
E
• •
Do.
Height of land
48 45
85 c5
1874.5
I 00
E
I 00 w
W. A. Austin
Isle St. Ignace
48 45
88 02
1824. 5
8 15
E
• •
H.W.Bayfield
Halting Place
48 45
8953
1857. 5
8 54-
E
6 00 E
J. Palliser
St. Ignace Harbor, obs. post
48 47
87 49
1871.7
6 26
E
4 15H
G. A. Marr
Dog Lake
48 47
89 40
1843. 5
6 26
E
3 15E
J. H. Lefroy
Terre Plate
48 49
87 45
1843.5
5 40
E
2 28E
Do.
Halting Place
48 55
8954
1857. 5
9 05
E
6 10 E
J. Palliser
1
26o
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent tnagnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to Jartuary /, 1^02 — Continued.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS SOUTH OF LATITUDE 51'' AND WEST OF LONGITl^DE 90°
WEST OF GREENWICH
Station
Group I
Beechey Head
Sherringham
Esquimau
Discovery Island
Arch Rock
Vancouver Island
Columbia River, east side
Carson
Midway
Silicia Creek
Departure Bay
Friendly Cove
Union Spit
Coniox
North Harbor
Anchorage Cove
Waddington Harbor
Group II
Second Portage
Whiffen Spit
Off Cape Beale
lie ^ la Crosse Lake
Esquimau
Halting Place
Port San Juan
Rainy Lake
Pickerel Lake
Deux Rividres Portage
Fort Frances
En., Juan de Fuca Strait
Rainy River
Halting Lake
Savanne Portage
Osoyoos Station
Ashtnolou Station
Onchucklin Harbor
Akamina Station
Magnetic Station
Sumass Prairie
Semi-ah-moo
Schweltza Lake
Magnetic Station
Do.
Northwest Territory Station
Garry Point, Fraser River
On Ashtnolou River
Nanaimo
Ahomet(?)
New Westminster
Barclay Sound
Port Cox or Clayoquot
Hecate Bay
T Date of
^X i oWrva-
tion
48 20
48 23
48 25
48 26
48 28
48 34
49 ^
49 00
49 00
49 01
49 13
49 36
49 40
49 40
50 29
50 53
50 54
15
22
22
48
48
48
48 24
48 26
48 27
48 31
48 32
48 35
48 35
48 37
48 37
48 48
48 50
48 53
49 00
49 00
49 00
49 01
49 01
49 01
49 01
49 02
49 03
49 05
49 06
49 07
49 08
49 10
49
49
49
12
13
14
49 14
49 15
123 39
123 55
123
123
124
26
14
12
124 38
117 37
118 29
118 44
121 36
123 57
126 38
124 55
124 55
128 04
126 12
124 50
92 27
123 44
125 30
92 10
123 28
92 30
124 30
92 56
91 12
91 27
93 29
124 54
94 31
93 58
90 08
119 24
120 00
125 00
114 04
121 45
122 12
122 47
122 00
120 55
121 07
113 50
123 II
120 00
124 00
126 12?
122 53
124 50
125 50
125 56
1892.80
1893-55
1881.75
1892.71
1893. 60
1893. 63
1901.80
1901.56
1901-54
1901.43
1881.77
1881.74
1900.7
1900.8
1881.73
1881.59
1881.58
843.5
864.5
788.5
843-5
898.3
857.5
841.5
843.5
857-5
843.5
857-5
788.6
843.5
857-5
857-5
860.5
860.5
861.5
861.5
860.0
858.5
857.8
859.5
860. o
860.0
879,2
864.5
860.5
862.5
788.5
862.5
861.5
787.5
861.5
Declina-
tion ob-
served
I
East
o /
24 37.0
22 43.0
22 55.6
23 II. o
25 37.8
23 51.3
23 18.2
23 47.5
23 01.4
26 45.8
23 55.6
23 36. 2
25 57.5
25 53-6
24 53. 7
25 42.7
25 22.0
10 15
20 20
18 30
7 53
23 42. 9
9 53
22 30
11 28
8 14
II 00
9 31
19 14
13 07
II 20
653
22 14
22 44
24 13
23 12
22 55
21 30
22 54. 5
21 37
24 19
22 23
23 22
22 58
22 00
22 57
19 40
22 40
24 37
19 30
22 39
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
o /
24 55
23 00
23 36
23 30
25 55
24 08
23 18
23 47
23 01
26 46
24 36
24 17
26 00
25 56
25 34
26 24
26 03
23 50
22 36
23 06
25 18
23 06
23 42
22 18
23 48
22 30
25 00
23 06
23 03
23 40
22 30
24 00
•
23 36
25 42
• • • •
23 48
J.J.Gilbert
Do.
H. E. Nichols
J.J.Gilbert
Do.
Do.
O. B. French
C. H. Sinclair
Do.
H. F. Flvnn
H. E. Nichols
Do.
W. Weinrich
Do.
H. E. Nichols
Do.
Do.
J. H. Lefroy
— Pender '
Meares
J. H. Lefrov
H. M. S. Egeria
J. Palliser
C. Wilkes
J. H. Lefroy
J. Palliser
J. H. Lefroy
J. Palliser
C. Duncan
J. H. Lefroy
J. Palliser
Do.
R. W. Haig
Do.
— Richards
R. W. Haig
J. S. Harris
R. W. Haig
J . S. Harris
R. W. Haig
J. S. Harris
Do.
J. C. Nelson
— Pender
R. W. Haig
— Richards
C, Duncan
— Richards
Do.
— Buckley
— Richards
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
261
Table of the most recent magnetic eteclinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, igo2 — Continued.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS SOUTH OF LATITUDE si"* AND WEST OF LONGITUDE QO°
WEST OF GREENWICH— Continued
Station
Group II — Continued
Jericho
Port Moody
Seymour Creek
Vancouver
Northwest Territory Station
Do.
Halting Place
Lake of the Woods
Maple Spit
Northwest Territory Station
Magnetic Station
Town of Yale
Beak Point
Station S, the Gap
Station U
Station T
Comox, Goose Spit
Head of Howe Sound
Northwest Territory Station
Station V, at Willow Creek
Upper Fort Garry
Northwest Territory Station
Do.
Station R, at Maple Creek
Duncan Bay "
Menzies Bay
Squirrel Cove
Winnipeg River
Pinawa Portage
Northwest Territory Station
Mouth of Thompson River
Port Brooks
Station W
Station Q, Reed Lake
Thompson River, mouth of
Nicola
Lake Winnipeg
Station P
Northwest Territory Station
Fort Alexander
Thompson River
Station A
Thompson River, near Kam-
loops
Beaver Harbor
Station M
Station B
Station K, near Fort Qu'Ap-
ptUe
Thompson River
Station N
Mouth of Hat Creek
Northwest Territory Station
Station L
Lati-
tude
49 16
49 17
Longi-
tude
49
49
18
18
49 20
49 25
49 26
49 28
49 28
49 30
49 32
49 34
49 37
49 38
49 39
49 40
49 40
49 42
49 43
49 45
49 53
49 53
49 55
50 03
50 04
50 08
50 08
50 10
50 12
50 12
50 13
50.18
50 22
50 27
50 27
50 28
50 29
50 30
50 37
50 41
50 42
50 42
50 43
50 44
50 45
50 46
50 46
50 47
50 47
50 48
50 49
123 12
122 51
123 01
123 07
113 40
113 40
94 48
94 42
124 45
113 22
115
121
124 51
109 51
112
III
Date of
observa-
tion
35
25
18
38
124 56
123 09
112 50
113 24
97 02
112 30
III 40
108 51
125
125
19
24
124 57
95 09
96 03
no 30
121 36
128 13
"3 49
107 22
121 22
96 35
106 47
no 20
96 21
120 12
102 00
120 30
127 25
105 14
101 31
103 48
121 05
105 51
121 33
113 18
104 16
891.6
891.5
891.6
898.4
879.2
879.2
857.5
843.5
898.4
879.2
860.0
871.5
898.6
880.6
880.6
880.6
898.3
873.5
879.1
880.6
843.5
879.1
879.1
880.6
896.8
895.6
864.5
844.0
843.5
878.7
871.5
787.5
880.6
880.6
871.5
857.5
880.6
878.7
844.0
871.5
880.4
877.5
866.5
880.5
880.4
880.5
871.5
880.5
873.5
879.9
880.53
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
East
o /
23 42
23 00
24 04
24 30
22 59
22 58
10 17
12 53
24 25.7
22 36
23 34
24,00
24 14. 1
21 43-7
22 22.7
21 51.8
26 14.7
23 54
22 28
22 38. I
16 00
22 46
22 24
22 00.0
24 57.0
24 02.0
23 56
11 55
12 48
21 55
25 00
22 30
22 03.0
21 35.0
25 30
14 25
21 18.7
23 14 (?)
14 14
24 00
18 50. 7
24 15
24 30
20 21.3
17 10.8
19 35. 1
23 30
20 36. 3
27 00
23 00
19 10.7
East
o /
24 03
23 21
24 25
24 37
22 12
• •
22 24
21 54
21 20
25 07
24 15
24 42
21 24
25 36
21 40
20 50
26 06
20 30
22 42
• • • •
24 30
17 45
24 35
25 24
19 30
16 05
18 40
24 00
19 45
27 30
22 40
18 16
22
• •
40
• •
• •
24 33
22
17 .
23
40
24 30
24
21
21
14
22
04
21
30
26
22
24
20
22
06
W. J. Stewart
Do.
Do.
H. M. S. Egeria
J. C. Nelson
Do.
J. Palliser
J. H. Lefroy
H. M. S. Egeria
J. C. Nelson
J. S. Harris
J. Trutch
H. M. S. Egeria
W. F. King
Do.
Do.
H. M.S. Egeria
C. H. Gamsby
J.C.Nelson
W. F. King
J. H. Lefroy
J.C.Nelson
Do.
W. F. King
H.M.S.Imperieuse
H. M. S. Nymphe
— Pender
J.H. Lefroy
Do.
J.C.Nelson
J. Trutch
J. Johnstone
W.F.King
Do.
J. Trutch
J. Palliser
W. F. King
J. C. Nelson
J. H. Lefroy
J. Trutch
W. F. King
C. E. Perry
— Pender
W. F. King
Do.
Do.
J. Trutch
W. F. Kin^
E. W.Jarvis
J. C. Nelson
W. F. King
262
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States 2nd outlying
territories reduced to January /, igo2 — Continued.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS, SOUTH OF LATITUDE 51° AND WEST OF LONGITUDE 90°
WEST OF GREENWICH— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
obserN-a-
tion
Declina- ,
tion ob-
1 served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
1
' East
1 /
East
/
On Little Shuswap
50 50
119 46
1871.5
' 24 30
25 00
J.Trutch
Tracey Harbor
50 51
126 53
1863. 5
26 40
27 30
— Pender
Northwest Territory Station
50 52
114 00
1879. 8
1 24 19
24 04
J.C.Nelson
Magnetic Station
50 55
107 29
1860.0
24 31
23 36
J. Palliser
Northwest Territory Station
50 55
no 00
1878. 7
' 23 50 (?)
23 18
J. C. Nelson
Do.
50 56
114 10
1879. 9
24 30
24 06
Do.
North Thompson River
50 57
120 28
1871.5
23 52.5
24 18
J.Trutch
Land Survey Station
•
5058
no 40
1882. 59
! 22 37. I
1
•
22 06
W. Ogilvie
BRITISH POSSESSIONS, NORTH OF LATITUDE 51° AND WEST OF LONGITUDE 90^
WEST OF GREENWICH
Group I
Port McLaughlin
Rose Harbor
Port Simpson
Lion Point
Group II
Stetion X
Land Survey Station
Lake Winnipeg
Station O
Northwest Territory Station
Treadmill Harbor
Station J
North Thompson River
Station I
North Thompson River
Station H, on Pelly Trail
Safety Cove
North Thompson River
Lake Winnipeg
Station G
Safety Port
Station F
Station E
Lake Winnipeg
Station D, Assiniboine R.
Fort Pelly
Station Z
Station C, Swan River Bar
Rose Harbor
Clearwater River
Kynumpt Harbor
Milbank Sound, Cove
Lake Winnipeg
Saskatchewan River
North Bentinck Arm
Etches Sound
Carter Bav
East
East
/
/
/
/
52 08
128 10
1881.60
26 42.9
27 30 H. E. Nichols
52 09
131 15
1881. 72
26 00.6
26 48 Do.
54 34
130 26
1895. 40
28 37. 2
28 54 0. B. French
55 53
130 OI
1895. 41
30 13.4
30 30 P. A. Welker
51 02
114 00
1880.7
24 13.4
• •
W. F. King
51 03
112 14
1882.6
23 19. 1
JV. Ogilvie
7. H. Lefroy
51 04
96 45
1843. 5
14 14
51 05
106 37
1880.5
21 18.6
W. F. King
51 05
115 00
1879. 6
23 58
J. C. Nelson
51 06
127 34
1864.5
24 08
— Pender
51 12
103 54
1880.5
19 50.0
W. F. King
51 12
120 22
1871.5
24 07. 5
J. Trutch
51 22
104 00
1880.5
18 33. 6
W. F. King
51 28
120 25
1873. 5
25 20
E. W. Janns
51 32
103 43
1880.5
19 52.
W. F. King
51 32
127 57
1864.5
23 38
— Pender
51 33
120 17
1871.5
25 30
J. Trutch
51 36
96 42
1844.0
15 42
J. H. Lefroy
51 39
103 08
1880.5
19 33. 3
W. F. King
51 41
128 31
1788.5
21 30
C. Duncan
51 42
103 04
1880.5
19 38. 2
W. F. King
51 44
102 29
1880.5
18 56. ; .
Do.
51 45
96 53
1843. 5
15 57
J. H. Lefroy
51 45
102 01
1880.5
20 12.6
W. F. King
51 45
102 05
1836. 9
17 00 1 .
Th. Simpson
51 52
114 00
1880.7
24 15.8 , .
W. F. King
51 54
loi 57
1880.4
19 37. 3
Do.
52 09
131 20
1787
23 00
J. Johnstone
52 12
120 12
1873. 5
24 30 , .
E. W. Jarvis
52 12
128 12
1866.5
26 10 1 .
— Pender
52 14
129 00
1788.5
23 OC)
C. Duncan
52 15
97 07
1843. 5
15 37
J. H. Lefroy
52 23
107 04
1844.5
1 25 21
Do.
52 23
126 48
1864,5
24 46
— Pender
. 52 25.>
131 48?
1788.5
23 3^
C. Duncan
' 52 50
. 128 25
1866.5
25 59
.
— Pender
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
263
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January i, 1^02 — Continued.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS, NORTH OF LATITUDE 51* AND WEST OF LONGITUDE 90°
WEST OF GREENWICH— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Carlton House
Head of Dean Inlet
Tete Janne Cache
Station a, Pipestone Creek
Grand Rapids, Saskatche-
wan River
Saskatchewan River, a
Grand Rapids, e
Grand Rapids, j
Calamity Harbor
Anchor Cove
Hudson Bay Co., Post
Near Fort ^ la Corn?
Forks of Saskatchewan R.
Head of Gardner Inlet
Saskatchewan River, b
Jasper House
Saskatchewan, Chemaha-
win.
Saskatchewan, Y
North Saskatchewan River
Port Stepteen
Saskatchewan River, L
Station b, in valley near Ed-
monton
Station d, on 14th base line
Saskatchewan River, a
Saskatchewan River, h
Nelson R., Warren Landing
Saskatchewan River, N.
Mouth of Chilacco River
Saskatchewan River, \
Alpha Bay
Cumberland House
Norway House
Saskatchewan River, j
Land Survey Station
Nelson River, i
Port Essington
Nelson River, x
Nelson River, j
Head of Work Inlet
20 miles up Skeena River
Fort Assiniboine
Nelson River, p
Nelson River, %
31 miles up Skeena River
Nelson River, p
50 miles up Skeena River
Nelson River, k
Nelson River, d
Nelson River, o
Nelson River, 8
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
1
Declina- Declina-
tion ob- tion in
served 1902
Observer or
authority
1
East East \
/
/
/ ; ° ^ 1
52 51
106 32
1844.5
22 55
J. H. Lefroy.
52 52
127 13
1876. 5
27 00
W. S. Jennings
52 58
119 50
1876. 5
26 20 1 .
\ ' G. A. Reefer
53 04
113 35
1880.7
25 14.4
W. F. King
5308
99 27
1884.6
15 38
0. J. Klotz
53 10
104 50
1884.4
21 54
Do.
53 12
99 30
1884.5
15 18
Do.
53 12
99 33
1884.5
16 58. 2
\ \ Do.
53 12
130 24
1787.5
23 20 i .
J. Johnstone
53 12
132 14
1866.5
24 59
— Pender
53 13
99 29
1884.5
15 42
0. J. Klotz
53 13
104 52
1884.4
21 50
Do.
53 14
105 05
1884.4
21 24
Do.
53 15
127 37
1875. 5
26 30
Horetzky & Gams-
by
0. J. Klotz
53 16
100 01
1884.5
18 00 ' .
53 16
118 10
1871. 5
26 00
W. Moberly
53 20
100 32
1884.5
17 42 1 .
0. J. Klotz
53 21
104 02
1884.4
1836
Do.
53 23
114 19
1876. 5
26 30 ; .
N. Ruttan
53 30
130 12
1788.5
24 10
•
C. Duncan
53 31
103 49
1884.4
18 42
O.J. Klotz
53 32
113 30?
1880.8
26 43. 2
«
W. F. King
53 36
Ill 24
1880.8
25 46.4 '
Do.
53 38
103 42
1884.4
20 18
O.J. Klotz
53 40
103 28
1884.4
20 18
Do.
53 43
9805
1884.6
15 54
•
Do.
53 47
loi 07
1884. 5
18 42
•
Do.
53 50
123 00
1875.5
28 15
H. P. Bell
53 52
103 01
1884.4
20 54
O.J. Klotz
53 52
130 18
1866.5
26 34
— Pender
53 57
102 19
1884.5
20 12
O.J. Klotz
54 00
98 03
1884.6
15 02
Do.
; 54 02
loi 35
1884.5
19 24
Do.
I 54 02
114 00
1882.9
26 36. 8
W. Ogilvie
54 06
97 56
1884.6
16 36
O.J. Klotz
54 14
129 47
1879- 5
27 20
G. A. Keefer
54 15
97 49
1884.6
17 36 :, .
O.J. Klotz
54 17
97 46
1884.6
16 18
•
Do.
54 18
129 43
1879. 5
27 30
•
G. A. Keefer
' 54 19
129 19
1879- 5
27 20
•
Do.
54 20
114 28
18^.5
24 39
•
J. H. Lefroy
54 21
97 49
1884.6
16 42
O.J. Klotz
1 54 22
97 51
1884.6
18 12
•
Do.
54 22
129 00
1879. 5
26 45 i
G. A. Keefer
; 54 25
97 53
1884.6
15 36
O.J. Klotz
54 30
128 35
1879.5
26 30 1 .
G. A. Keefer
54 31
97 52
1884.6
14 54
O.J. Klotz
54 43
97 59
1884.6
12 54
Do.
54 45
98 06
1884.6
15 24
Do.
. 54 49
98 14
1884. 6
20 30
Do.
264
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, igoz — Continued.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS, NORTH OF LATITUDE 51** AND WEST OF LONGITUDE 90°
WF^T OF GREENWICH— Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group //—Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
•
Nelson River, f & <jp
54 55
9809
1884.6
20 06
• • • •
0. J. Klotz
Nelson River, 6
55 00
98 00
1884.6
15 48
Do.
Fort McLeod, North
55 00
123 II
1875. 5
25 20
A. Webster
Nelson River, N.
55 06
97 43
1884.6
21 18
O.J. Klotz
Land Survey Station
55 10
114 04
1883.4
27 45.4
W. Ogilvie
Nelson River, T
55 13
97 18
1884.6
17 24
0. J. Klotz
Nelson River, h
55 19
97 08
1884.6
15 12
Do.
Nelson River, w
55 27
97 00
1884.6
12 30
Do.
Nelson River, i
55 41
96 55
1884.6
14 18
Do.
Forks of Pine River
55 44
121 18
1875. 5
28 50
A. Webster
Nelson River, f
55 54
96 47
1884.6
18 00
O.J. Klotz
Camp on Pearl River .
55 58
123 13
1875.5
30 10
A. Webster
Hudson*s Hope
56 02
121 58
1875.5
26 02
Do.
Head of Rocky Mt. Portage
56 03
122 15
1875. 5
28 08
Do.
Nelson River, R
56 04
96 47
1884.6
16 54
O.J.KloU
Land Survey Station
56 10
117 47
1883.7
30 I0.4
W. Ogilvie
Nelson River, E
56 II
96 26
1884.6
14 06
O.J. Klotz
Fort St. John
56 12
121 14
1875. 5
26 00
A. Webster
Nelson River, K
56 14
96 08
1884.6
13 12
O.J. Klotz
Nelson River, f
56 16
95 50
1884.6
16 36
Do.
Nelson River, a
56 16
96 00
1884.6
14 24
Do.
Nelson River, z
56 19
95 29
1884.6
10 06
Do.
Nelson River, Z
1 5621
94 46
1884.6
13 48
Do.
Nelson River, V
56 21
94 53
1884.6
9 24
Do.
Nelson River, M
56 21
95 02
1884.6
12 30
Do.
Nelson River, <p
56 21
95 13
1884.6
9 54
Do.
Nelson River, P
56 27
94 26
1884.7
10 18
Do.
Nelson River, zz
56 34
94 12
1884.7
II 24
Do.
Nelson River, n
56 49
93 59
1884.7
8 24
Do.
Nelson River, f
56 54
93 05
1884.7
7 12
Do.
Nelson River, i>
56 54
93 16
1884.7
2 54 (?)
Do.
Nelson River, N
56 59
92 54
1884.7
7 42
Do.
York Factory
57 00
92 26
1884.7
6 39.6
Do.
Magnetic Station
58 28
130 02
1887
30 26
G. M. Dawson
Fort Chipewyan
58 43
III 19
1888.9
27 14.2
W. Ogilvie
Lake Lindeman
59 47
135 05
1887.5
32 16.8
Do.
Lake Marsh
60 21
134 17
1887.5
32 46. I
Do.
Miles Canyon
60 42
135 04
1887.6
30 55. 2
Do.
Fort Resolution
61 10
113 46
1888.7
38 19.9
Do.
Magnetic Station
61 29
129 39
1887
33 45
G. M. Dawson
Do.
61 49
131 01
1887
34 30
Do.
Fort Simpson
61 52
121 25
1888. 6
37 42. 3
W. Ogilvie
Lewes River
62 04
136 04
1887.6
33 54.8
Do.
Fort Rae
62 39
115 44
1883.2
40 II.
•
H. P. Dawson
Fort Selkirk
62 48
137 25
1887.6
34 17.0
•
W. Ogilvie
White River
63 12
139 38
1887.6
34 27.9
Do.
Stewart River
63 22
139 28
1887.6
33 52.8
•
Do.
Fortyniile River
64 26
140 32
1887. 7
35 oil
Do.
Mackenzie River
64 27
125 03
1888.6
41 34-6
•
Do.
International Boundary
64 41
140 54
1888.2
35 47.5
Do.
Fort Norman
64 54
125 43
1888. 6
33 39.0
Do.
Porcupine River
Fort Good Hope
65 43
139 40
1888.4
37 34.0
Do.
66 16
128 31
1888.5
41 30- 9
Do.
Fort McPherson
67 26
134 57
1888.5
46 00.8
•
Do.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION IN UNITED STATES.
265
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January /, /po^— Continued.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS. NORTH OF LATITUDE 51° AND WEST OF LONGITUDE 90°
WEST OF GREENWICH—Continued
Station
Lati-
tude
Longi-
tude
1
Date of
observa-
tion
Declina-
tion ob-
served
Declina-
tion in
1902
Observer or
authority
Group II — Continued
/
/
East
/
East
/
Red River
67 27
133 36
1826.5
45 37
J. Franklir
Shoalwater Bay -
6854
136 21
1837. 5
49 22
Th. Simpson
T. Franklin
Th. Simpson
Richardson Chain
69 01
137 25
1826.5
46 41
Point Kay
69 18
138 08
1837. 5
49 00
Herschel I., southeast side
69 33
138 57
1889.6
43 40
C.H.Stockton
Herschel Island
6936
139 42
1826. 5
46 13
J. Franklin
Clarence Bay
6938
140 51
1826.5
45 43
Do.
9
WATERS
ADJACENT TO A
/ Of
LASKA A]
^D EAS
JTEF
.N SIBERIA
Group II
E or
/
EorW
/
At Sea
45 '4
159 41
1850.
18 45
E
• •
H. Kellet
Do.
45 19
160 00
1850.
17 46
E
• • • •
Do.
Do.
45 33 E161 05
1849. 5
4 30
E
a • •
Do.
Do.
47 28 E159 45
1849- 5
4 00
E
Do.
Do.
48 08 146 39
1827. 5
22 35
E
• • •
F. P. Liitke
Do.
48 34
E164 38
1851.5
7 10
E .. ..
R. Collinson
Do.
48 44
143 23
1827. 5
23 01
E ! .. ..
F. P. Liitke
Do.
48 49 . E158 13
1849.5
4 23
El....
H. Kellet
Do.
50 05 1 E158 39
1848. 5
2 19
E i .. ..
Do.
Do.
50 50 E166 37
1850. 5
5 54
E .. ..
R. Collinson
Do.
51 46 1 152 36
1830. 5
24 05
E .. ..
A. Erman
Do.
51 54
E168 38
1854. 5
8 36
E ..... .
R. Collinson
Do.
51 55
143 33
1827.
24 30
E
• •
F. P. Liitke
Do.
53 00
149 56
1830. 5
25 33
E
• • • «
A Erman
Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka
Natscnika, Kamchatka
53 01 ' E158 43
1896.6
I 05
W
I 15 w
J. F. Moser
53 07 ,Ei57 25
1829. 5
4 00
E .. .:
A. Erman
At Sea
53 36
14338
1850. 5
24 46
E .. ..
R. Collinson
Bering I., Nicholski Bay
55 10
E166 01
1892. 5
3 37
E 3 12 E
Z. L. Tanner
Bering I^and
55 14
E165 52
1879. 6
356.
E .. ..
A. Wykander
At Sea
57 21
E167 24
'854. 5
12 40
El....
R. Collinson
Do.
58 19 E169 08
1849.5
' 9 41
E . .. ..
H. Kellet
Do.
59 05 E169 49
1 1849. 5
10 17
E , .. ..
Do.
Do.
59 32 E173 12
1849- 5
10 28
E j .. ..
R. Collinson
Do.
59 38 E171 10
I 1849. 5
10 54
E .. ..
H. Kellet
Do.
61 20 E177 23
1850.5
14 07
E .. .,
R. Collinson
Plover Bay, Siberia
64 22 173 22
1880. 7
18 25. 5 E
• •
Dall & Baker
At Sea
1 64 47 171 35
1881.4
23 10
E
• • • •
C. L. Hooper
Konyam Bay
, 64 50 172 57
1879.6
17 52
E
A. Wykander
Holy Cross Bay, Siberia
65 28 178 32
1S28. 5
21 04
E ... ..
F. P. Liitke "
St. Laurence Bay
65 35 170 44
1879. 5
20 23
E .. ..
A. wykander
At Sea
' 65 35 : 170 45
1881. 4
23 25
E .. ..
C. L. Hooper
Bay of St. Laurence
65 38 , 170 46
1828. 5
24 04
E
F. P. Liitke
Big Diomede Island
65 45 1 169 04
1880.7
21 49.:
2E 1 .. ..
Dall & Baker
At Sea
65 47 168 55
1881.4
22 50
E .. ..
C. L. Hooper
Do.
66 07 169 17
1881.4
23 40
E .. ..
Do.
Do.
66 16 161 46
1881.7
27 03
E .. ..
Do.
At Sea, Arctic Ocean
66 42 170 46
1881.4
24 00
E .. ..
Do.
Pitlekai
67 05 173 30
1878. 7
19 43
E .. ..
A. Wykander
At Sea, Arctic Ocean
67 17
171 45
1881.4
22 30
E
• • • •
C. L. Hooper
266
MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
Table of the most recent magnetic declinations observed in the United States and outlying
territories reduced to January 7, igo2 — Concluded.
WATERS ADJACENT TO ALASKA AND EASTERN SIBERIA— Continued
Station
Group //—Continued
Koliuchin Island, Siberia
Wankarem River, Siberia
At Sea, off Koliuchin Bay
Do.
At Sea, off Cape Lisbume
Irkaipi
North Cape, Siberia
East of Cape Jakan
Werkon River, Siberia
At Sea, Arctic Ocean
Kosmin Rock
Cape Schelagskoi
At Sea, off Icy Cape
Do.
Magnetic Station, Siberia
At Sea, off Herald Island
Do.
Wrangell I., south coast
Wrangell Island, east coast
Off Point Barrow
On Ice, Arctic Ocean
Do.
Lati- . Longi-
tude tude
67 27
67 43
67 52
67 58
68 50
68 50
6855
69 36
69 53
6958
70 01
70 03
70 05
70 15
70 20
70 49
70 51
70 57
71 04
71 20
71 34
72 50
175 35
176 27
175 18
175 14
165 10
t8o go
E179 56
El 76 58
E173 32
162 38
E171 55
E171 03
162 06
161 55
E174 13
174 32
175 40
178 10
177 40
156 15
162 00
164 40
Date of ,
observa- j
tion I
1823. 5
1823. 5
1881.6
1881.4
1881. 6
1878. 7
1823. 5
1823. 5
1823. 5
1881.6
1823. 5
1823. 5
1881.6
1881.6
1823. 5
1881. 6
1881.6
1881.6
1881.6
1881.6
1849.6
1849.6
Declina-
tion ob-
served
East
23 26
23 00
19 49
23 30
32 04
17 54
21 40
21 30
18 57
31 55
18 00
18 03
32 14
32 12
21 30
24 47
23 26
19 55
23 26
37 18
37 00
42 09
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
Declina-
tion in
1902
East
o /
32 30 E
Observer or
authority
F. V. Wrangell
Do.
C. L. Hooper
Do.
Do.
A. Wykander
F. V. Wrangell
Do.
Do.
C. L. Hooper
F. V. Wrangell
Do.
C. L. Hooper
Do.
F. V. Wrangell
! C. L. Hooper
Do.
Berry & Putnam
C. L. Hooper
Do.
H. Kellet
Do.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS OCCUPIED BY THE UNITED STATES
COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY BETWEEN !88i AND JULY i, 1902.
The order in which the descriptions are given is, first, alphabetically by States,
and, secondly, under each State alphabetically by counties. In the case of the outlying
Territories, Alaska, etc., the most convenient order appeared to be that given in the
declination tables, viz. , according to increasing latitude of station.
Because of the large number of the stations and the need of keeping the publication
within convenient size, the descriptions had to be made as brief as possible without omit-
ting any essential detail. Additional information can be obtained by application to the
Superintendent of the Coast and Geodetic Sun'ey, whp will also be glad to receive infor-
mation from those visiting stations regarding corrections necessary in the descriptions
owing to changes that may have occurred since the station was established.
For collection of results and for descriptions of stations prior to 1881, see Appendix
9, Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 188 1. .
ALABAMA.
Barbour County ^ Eufaula^ i8g2. — Station is on the first street west of railroad ( Livingston street).
Station marked by a stub of yellow pine sunk 2 feet in the ground flush with surface, in the middle of
the street in front of a building owned by Mr. Vaughn.
Bullock County y Union Springs ^ igoo. — Station is in the inclosure of the Allegheny Observatory
^lipse Expedition. It is in the large pasture to the east of the town and south of Conecuh street,
203 feet southerly from Conecuh street, and 171 feet easterly from a large sweet-gum tree, the only
tree near; marked by pine peg. It is about 100 feet nearly east of the pier on which zenith telescope
was mounted. Mark, southeast comer of brick building (old mill) near railroad, bears 39® 13^.0 west
of true south.
Butler County, Greenville, i8g6. — Station is in northwestern suburb of city, in the edge of the
pine grove south of the cemetery. Station was marked by a yellow-pine post sunk 2 feet in ground
flush with surface. It is 33 feet from north fence around cemetery and 215 feet from the northeastern
corner of the cemetery. Center of brick chimney of cedar factory bears 25° 2$\^ east of true south.
Center of city water-works tank bears 71® 36^.1 east of true north.
Conecuh County, Evergreen, igoo, — Observations were made over a point in the open field north
of the cemetery and about 1,000 feet east of the railroad track. This station is distant 265, 57, and 66
feet, respectively, from the cemetery fence, from the fence line prolonged along the street north of
station, and from the row of trees in the street. The northwest corner of the foundation of the mon-
imient to Aubrey Williamson is due south of this station, which is 345 feet from the street running
east of the cemetery. The mark or range used was the cupola of the tower of the agricultural school.
This mark or range bears 76° 48'. 6 east of true south.
Crenshaw County, Mount Cartnel, i8g2, — Station is in NE. V of N\V. % sec. 15, R. 13 E.,
T. 17 N., on property of W. E. Davis, about 3 miles from Mount Camiel post-office. It is marked by
a hole in large irregular-shaped lime rock measuring about i foot 6 inches by 2 feet 6 inches by 3
feet, buried \% inches below surface. Point is probably the most prominent in this part of the State.
267
268 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
ALABAMA— Continued.
Cullman County, Cullman, igoo, — Observations were made over an oak peg driven in the ground on
a slight elevation in a vacant lot in the northeastern section of the town. This lot is at the intersec-
tion of the fourth street east and the fourth street north of the L. & N. R. R. station. The peg is
about 25 feet east and 50 feet south of the street lines. The mark or range used was the spire of a
chiu-ch. This mark or range bears 12° 10^.4 east of true*south.
Dallas County, Ethridge, /<9p^.— Station is on the highest point of land of a ridge of thickly
wooded hills, about 2 miles southwest of Carlowville. Mr. J. C. Yates and his son both know locality.
A three-fourths inch hole is in a large irregular-shaped limestone rock, measuring approximately i
foot 2 inches by i foot 8 inches by 2 feet, marks the exact point. Rock buried 9^ inches.
Dallas County, Selma, i8g6. — Station was established on the bluff next to the river, at the front
of the street which runs in front of the court-house, and just one square from the court-house. This
large square is just in front of Judge Craig's house. Station is in the lot adjoining the **old arsenal
lot.'* It was marked by a pine post 24 feet from tlie edge of the bluff of the Alabama River and 250
feet from the outer edge of the street. Rod of cupola on Judge Craig's house bears 73° 15^.6 east of
north. Rod on chimney on court-house bears 58° 26^.7 east of south. Rod on cupola of the house of
Sarah Woodruff bears 48° 20^.9 east of south.
Jefferson County, Birmingham, — Observations were made over an oak peg driven in the grounds
of the State fair association about a mile southwest of the court-house. This peg is east of the race
track and of an open water course, from which it is distant about 70 feet. If Ninth street were
prolonged through the fair grounds its east line would run very close to this peg. It is distant 194
and 297 feet, respectively, from the east fence and from the west comer of the westerly ticket ofEce at
the Fifth avenue gate, northwest of this peg. The mark or range used was the east corner of a cotton
mill about 500 feet distant. This mark or range bears 0° 21 ''.2 west of true south.
Lauderdale County, Florence, /8go, — Observations were made over a locust post, sunk Hush with
siu^ace of ground, in the south corner of thc^ grounds of the Synodical Female College. It is 9 feet
8 inches from the west fence and 22 feet 1 1 inches from the south fence. Fences have since been
rebuilt and moved into the street 1% feet (about). The mark — rod on court-house — bears r6® 57^.1
west of south. Rod on first Presbyterian Church bears 84® 28''.9 east of south.
Lee County, Opelika, i8go, — The station is on Tallapoosa street, on a lot adjoining the Presbyterian
Church. The station is 30 paces from the church, on a line with the front, parallel to the street. The
mark or range used was the spire of Mr. Dyer's house. This mark or range bears o® 41^ east of true
south. The central rod on the new spire of the Presbyterian Church bears 24° 03^ east of true south.
Madison County, Huntsville, igoo. — Observations were made over a wooden peg located in the
pasture field of the Ewing estate, i mile south of the city. It is near the intersection of two roads
which cross at the half-section corner, marked by a stone in the road. This peg is 39)^ feet west of
the road running north and south and 168^ feet south of the road running east and west. In the
fence line north of this peg an iron rod was driven, and this with another iron rod about 200 feet south
of the peg marks the true meridian. Mr. T. M. Hooper knows the exact location of this peg. The
old station in Spring Park is no longer available for magnetic observations. The mark or range used
was the trunk of a large, dead sycamore tree. This mark or range bears 10® 27^.8 west of true south.
Mobile County, Citronelle, i8g6.—\n the orchard of the Hygeia Hotel, just south of the garden, 84
feet from the east fence and 54 feet from the north fence. Station was marked by a yellow-pine stub
2 feet long sunk flush with the surface of the ground. First rod on Judge Scott's house bears 32® 5i'.o
west of south. Second rod on Judge Scott's house bears 32° 47^.5 west of south. Central chimney,
Mr. Curvin's house, bears 50° 42^.5 east of north.
Mobile County, Mobile, i8g6. — The station is in the large open space in the southeast corner of
the grounds of tlie Catholic Male Orphan Asylum, in the lot joining St. Mary's Church. The
exact spot is marked by a yellow-pine post sunk 2 feet in the ground, flush with the surface. It is
J 80 feet from the southern plank inclosure and 165 feet from the western plank inclosure. Rod on
Catholic Orphan Asylum bears 67° 56^.5 east of north. Cross on St. Mary's New Catholic Church
bears 44° 40^.7 east of north.
Montgomery County, Montgomery, igoo. — Observations were made over an oak peg driven in the
ground at Cloverdale, about 500 feet east of the street running south from the State capitol. It is
distant 252 feet nearly due south of the center of the more southerly of two pine trees standing close
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 269
ALABAMA— Continued.
together in a large open field. It is also distant 104^ and 69 ^ feet, respectively, from two other
pines, one northeast and the other east of the peg. The terminus of the electric railway is about 750
feet north of this peg. Obser\'ations were made once before in this immediate vicinity. The mark or
range used was the pole on the piazza of Mr. Barnes's house. This mark or range bears 28° 50^.4 west
of true south.
Morgan County, Decatur ^ igoo. — Observations were made over a yellow pine peg driven in the
ground in the vacant lot across the street from the Hobart Hotel, and south of it. This peg is distant
60 and 80 feet, respectively, from the street and curbstone west of the peg. It is distant 50 and 71
feet, respectively, from the street and curbstone north of the peg. It is distant about 106 and 70 feet,
respectively, from the fences east and south of this peg. Observations were made once before in this
lot, about 50 fee^ southeast of this point. The mark or range used was the pinnacle on the building
adjoining the opera house. This mark or range bears 2° 51^.6 east of true south.
ALASKA.
Unalaska I standi Dutch Harbor^ /goo. — ^The station is 30 meters south of the azimuth mark on
Amaknak Island. The azimuth mark is on the west slope of the hill immediately southeast of the
town of Dutch Harbor, about 100 feet from the summit. It is marked by a pole 14 feet long, firmly
braced.
Roundy igoj. — The magnetic station is 25 feet south from the triangulation station. The latter is
on the highest point of a small round island in the entrance of Fourth of July Bay, and is marked by
a drill hole in a rock sunk fiush with the surface of the ground.
Strait y jgoi. — The magnetic station is about 50 feet north of the triangulation station. The latter
is on the outer summit of the first point to the eastward of the Beaver Bay entrance to Idagak Strait,
Biorka Island, and is tnarked by a pile of stones over a drill hole in a rock sunk fiush with the surface
of the ground.
Biorka, igor. — ^The magnetic station is 15 feet northwest from the triangulation station. The
latter is near to and to the westward of tlie small bay where the old Biorka Indian village is situated.
It is about 40 feet above sea level, but not on the highest summit of the point. From t.he station the
two crosses of the Greek church in the Indian village show nearly on range. The station is marked
by a cairn of rocks covering a drill hole in a stone set fiush with the surface of the ground.
Eggy igoi, — ^The magnetic station is 60 feet south of the triangulation station. The latter is on
the highest point of the western and highest summit of Egg Island, and is marked by a drill hole in
a stone set fiush with the surface of the ground.
Foody igoi. — The magnetic station is 75 feet east of the triangulation station. The latter is on
the northeastern side of Agamgik (Food) Bay, Unalaska Island, on a point near to a large pinnacle
rock at water's edge, and is marked b}' a cairn of stones surmounting a drill hole in a stone buried
flush with the surface of the ground.
Shelf y /go/.— The magnetic station is 50 feet south of the triangulation station. The latter is on
a bluff point between Deep Bay and Agamgik ( Food ) Bay, Unalaska Island, and is marked by a
drill hole in a large stone surmounted by a pile of rocks.
Eider Pointy /go/,— The station is near the end of Eider Point, Unalaska Island, just outside of
the graveyard. It is marked by a pile of rocks surmounting a drill hole in a stone partly buried in
the ground.
Aektok {Roolok) PasSy /goi. — On Aektok (Rootok) Island.
Basalty /goi. — The station is on the summit of Basalt Island, a small rock island in Pathfinder
Channel. It is marked by a drill hole in the bed rock and a cairn.
Tigalday /go/, — ^The magnetic station is 100 feet northeast from the triangulation station, near
the edge of a cliff. The triangulation station is on the summit of the ridge of the point forming the
northeast side of what has been called Kelp Bay, Tigalda Island. It is marked by a cairn of rocks
surrounding a 2 by 4 stub.
Tigalda Bayy /go/.— On Tigalda Island.
Ugamaky /go/. — ^The station is on the summit of the second peak from tlie northeastern end of
Ugamak Island. This peak is about 900 feet high and rounded at the top. The station is marked by
a cairn of rocks covering a drill hole in a stone sunk fiush with the ground.
270 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
ALASKA— Continued.
Pelersati^ igoi. — ^The magnetic station is on the north side of Peterson Bay, Sannak Islands, on
the top of the first bluff on the shore line west of Peterson village, about 200 yards from the middle
of the village and 75 yards from the graveyard. It is about 6 feet from the edge of the bluff, and is
marked by a sandstone bowlder 1 2 by 12 by 5 inches, set flush with the surface of the tundra. A hole
was drilled in the stone and filled with lead.
Acherk, /go/.— The station is on the northwest end of Sannak Island, on the north slope of a hill-
side, in line with cross on the cupola of the Greek church and the triangulation station Granite, about
38 paces from the east end of the church. The station is marked by a pine stub projecting about
3 inches above ground. The mark or range used was the triangulation station Granite, which bears
64° 35^.8 east of true south.
Oiler Cove^ /go/. —The magnetic station is about 8 meters from Otter Cove astronomical station
in line to East Base and is marked by a 2 by 4 pine stub projecting about 3 inches above ground.
The mark or range used was East Base, which bears 71° 18^.7 west of true south.
A tnagal Island y /po/.— The station is on the line from Amagat triangulation station to Umga
Island, about 130 meters from the former. The triangulation station is on the top of the north summit
of Amagat Lsland.
fbfiland Canals south end of Pearse Island, / 888. —The triangulation station South Base is on the
second rocky point from Wales Passage and is marked by a cross cut in the rock. The magnetic
station is 19 feet distant in line to North Base.
Tatngas Harbor, /88j. — The magnetic station is at the extreme end of Observatory Point, on the
south side of the entrance to Tamgas Harbor, about 10 feet from high-water mark. It is marked by
a pine post 10 inches square projecting about 3 feet above ground.
'Alary Island, /8g^.—The station on Mar>' Island is at Custom-House Cove, just west of the custom-
house, and 34.7 meters due south of the astronomical station ( 1S95).
Portland Canal, Astronomical Point, /888. — No description.
Peninsula Point, /88j. — ^The astronomical point was occupied as a magnetic station. It is near
the eastern end of a high-water island, at the east entrance of Ward Cove, It is marked by a bottle
18 inches beneath the surface of the ground, with rocks piled around and above. It is 92.5 meters
from Pen signal, 10.5 meters from a blazed tree, and 30 meters from a prominent rock.
Union Bay, /88j. — The astronomical station is on a small high-water island at the north entrance
of the slough at the head of Union Bay, and is marked by a pile of stones. The magnetic station is
on the mainland 107 meters from the astronomical station. The mark or range used was Plum signal,
and bears 2° 37^.0 west of true north.
Kupreanof Harbor, /go/. — The station is on the west side of Kupreanof Harbor, where the south
end of the bluff meets the flat land of the shore line and immediately opposite the south end of Cross
Island. It is on the sand beach about 15 feet above the high-water line and about 30 feet north of
the mouth of a small stream. A thatched house is on the shore line about half a mile south of the
station. It is marked by a wooden stub 2j^ inches in diameter. The mark or range used was the
right-hand one of two sharp points on a mountain on the southeast side of the entrance to the harbor,
and bears 21° 13^.6 east of true south.
Portland Canal, head, /888. — No description.
Dewey Anchorage, /886. — The station is just at extreme high- water mark on a point between a
fresh-water creek and a gravel sand beach. It is marked by a framework 16 by 22 inches in cross
section, filled with stones.
Burroughs Bay, Unuk River, /Sgj. — The station is on the hillside 31 feet above and 193.6 feet
south of east of the west gable of the astronomical observatory. It is marked by a cross cut in the
solid rock and a small pile of stones above it.
Port Mc Arthur, / 886.— The station is on a small island to the right of the entrance to Port
McArthur. It is on the north edge of the knoll at the center of the island, and is marked by a frame-
work of scantling filled with stones, which was used as an observing pier.
Shakan Village, /886. — The station is on a small island about halfway between the sawmill and
Klawak Passage. A true' north and south line through the station passes very near the center of the
front face of the sawmill. A framework of scantling filled with stones was used as an observing pier,
and was left to mark the station.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 27 1
ALASKA— Continued.
Shakan Island^ 1886. — The station is on the east side of the small outside island, at the south
side of the entrance to Shakan Harbor. It is at the head of a sand and broken shell beach and is
marked by a framework of scantling filled with stones, which was used as an observing pier.
Red Bayy Sumner Strait, 1886. — The station is on the west end of East Island, on a small rocky
knoll. It is marked by a framework made of scantling and filled with stones, which was used as an
observing pier.
Wrangett North Base^ 1886. — The station is on an outlying slate ledge about 200 meters north-
west of Graveyard Point and is marked by a pier built of flat stones cemented together with plaster
of paris.
Wrangelly 1893. — ^The station is the center of the post in the southwest portion of the Catholic
church inclosure. It is 53.82 meters north and 187.48 meters east of the center of the brick astro-
nomical pier (1893).
Duncan Canal , i88j, — The station is on the western shore of Duncan Canal, opposite the mouth
of Beecher Pass, on the western end of a small high-water island.
St. George Island ^ 71^97.— The station is in the meridian of the astronomical station (1897) 102.7
feet south of it. It is 56.9 feet from the southwest comer of the company's barn and 64 feet from the
southwest comer of the Sailors' Home (a small cottage). It is marked by a drill hole in an irregular
lava bowlder about 12 by 6 inches, set in the sod on a slight ridge.
Point Agassiz, Frederick. Sound, 1887, — The station is near high- water mark on a sand spit about
100 yards south of the mouth of the first stream south of Point Agassiz. It is the south end of the
base line and is marked by a pile of stones. It is 14 feet 5 inches southeast of the pier marking the
astronomical station.
Portage Bay, Frederick Sound, 1887.^^0 description.
Sitka Magnetic Observatory, igoi. — The station is the magnetometer pier in the absolute observ-
atory.
St. Paul Island^ ^897. — ^The station is at the edge of the flat east of St. Paul village 46 and 55.4
feet respectively from the northwest and northeast corners of the billiard house. It is marked by a
three-fourths-inch drill hole in a rough rock about i foot in diameter, whose surface rises slightly
above the surrounding sod. Village Hill geodetic station bears 44° 53^.8 west of true north.
fVoewodski Harbor, i88g. — No description.
Cape Fanshaw, 1887. — ^The astronomical station is marked by a stone pier. The magnetic station
is farther from the shore, near the woods.
Cleveland Passage, i88g. — The station is at high- water mark on the low gravel beach in Fanshaw
Bay and is marked by a cross chipped in a granite bowlder. It is the south end of the base line. A
tree was blazed as a witness mark.
Poke, Point Gambier, 1889. — The station is on the rocky point of a small high-water island and
is marked by a cross chipped in the rock. A tree was blazed as a witness mark.
Killisnoo, igoo. — The station is in the path about 12 paces north of a partly demolished observ-
ing pier over which stood a dilapidated signal. To reach the place, follow the trail through the grave-
yard to the south side of the island.
Clot, Sandford Cove, i88g. — The station is at high-water mark at the end of a long, narrow point
extending northward and separating Sandford Cove from Endicott Arm, Holkham Bay.
Kodiak Island, i8g6. — The station is the astronomical station of 1867 ^^ Shahafka (Chagafka
Cove. )
Icy Strait, First, igoi. —The magnetic station is about 5 meters from the triangulation station, on
the line to Peach, which bears 21° 22^.2 east of north. It is on the first point to the westward of
Spasskaia Bay, at the edge of the tree line just above the driftwood. The triangulation station is
marked by a drill hole in a small pyramid-shaped granite bowlder about 2^ by i>^ feet, projecting 8
inches above ground. A small cairn was built over this bowlder.
Icy Strait, Peach, /go/.— The station is on the highest part of the rocky islet to the southward of
Point Couverden. It is marked by a shaft of rock about 2)^ feet long and projecting about 8 inches
above the surface. The upper face is about 12 by 6 inches and has a drill hole in it to mark the exact
point.
272 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
ALASKA— Continued.
Auke Pointy /8go.— The station is on the beach about 75 meters from the end of the point and
52.8 meters southwest of the astronomical station.
//a/, Taku River^ ^^93- — The station is on Bishop Point, 10.3 meters from a large spruce tree,
blazed in several places, and is marked by a drill hole in an irregular stone about 14 by 18 by 8 inches.
Cross Sound ySpence^ Igor. — The magnetic station is about 25 meters from the triangulation station
in line to Eve, which bears 62® 34^.6 east of true north. The triangulation station is on the highest
part of the high grass-covered rock of Cape Spencer. The grass and earth were dug away for a space
about 4 feet square, and a hole drilled in the solid rock to mark the station. Some loose stones
•were carried up to stay the tripod legs, and will serve as witness marks.
Cross Sounds Jog ^ igoi. — The station is near the edge of a low, rocky ledge, on the south shore of
Cross Sound. The lower part of the ledge is of white g^nite at about high-water mark and dark
gray to a height of about 10 feet above high-water mark. The station is on the edge of the timber
line, and is marked by a drill hole in the top of a pyramidal-shaped gray granite bowlder, which crops
through the surface about 1 foot high and 3 by 5 feet across the top.
Cross Sound, Lack, igor. — The magnetic station is on a stony beach 10 meters from the
triangulation station in the line to Yak, which bears 5° 36^.5 east of north. The triangulation station
is on a low, shelving point on the south shore of Cross Sound, about 5 yards above high- water
mark. It is marked by a drill hole in a flat rock 2.3 by 1.8 feet, which was set flush with the surface
of the ground. Another fiat rock was set 14.9 feet to the southwest as a witness mark.
Funter Bay, iSgo. — The station is on a flat shelf on Station Island and is marked by the
observing pier.
Juneau, igoo. — The station is on the side of the hill east of the town, in the center of a large
spruce stump about 6 feet in diameter. The mark or range used was the « flagstaff on Captain
Campbell's house and bears 8® 44''. o west of true south.
Dundas Bay, igoo. — Obser\'ations were made on the beach about 50 paces south of the Indian
huts in the first sheltered cove south of the cannery. To reach the place pass through the cannery
and follow the trail leading up the hill and through the woods on the left.
Icy Strait, Gus, /gar. — The magnetic station is about 10 meters from the triangulation station in
the line to Boss, which bears 67° 38^.7 east of south. The triangulation station is on the high land of
Point Gustavus about 300 meters from the beach. It is marked by a lo-inch stump projecting
about 14 inches above ground with a spike in its center.
Point Lena, Lynn Canal, iSgo. — ^The magnetic station is about 40 meters south of 4ie astronomical
station, which is on a rock shelf on the west side of Point Lena.
Taku River, Astronomical Station, iSgj, — ^The station is on a small island in Taku Inlet about
200 feet north ot the astronomical station, slightly east of the meridian of the astronomical station.
Taku River, Island, /8gj. — The station is on a small island near the south bank of the river. It
is between two rocks 22.7 feet apart. The distance from the upper rock, which was marked by a
drill hole, to the station is 11.8 feet. The lower rock has a cross cut on it.
Taku River, Duck, /8gj. — ^The station is on the first small projection below an old abandoned
Indian village. It bears north 22® 30^ east from island.
Taku River, Terrace, /8gj.— The station is on the south bank of the river, just where the river
makes a bend toward the north. It is on a small projection. Just below the river breaks into
numerous channels which wind their way through the many islands.
Taku River, Islet, /8gj. — ^The station is in the center of a small rocky island w^hich bears due
west from the first large glacier on the east bank of the river.
Taku River, Fishery, /8gj. — The station is on the west side of a large island in midstream. An
old Indian village is on this island. The station bears south 50° west from the southwest comer of
the first house, and is 26 >^ meters from it.
Taku River, Wood, /8gj. — ^The station is on the west side of the first large island north of Fishery
Island. ,
Taku River, Lean, /8gj. — ^The station is located on a little knoll on the west bank of the river.
A small bayou empties into the river below this point. The south bank of the bayou at its mouth is
Tery rocky.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 273
ALASKA— Continued.
Taku River, Nohy /8gj.—The station is on the north side of the river on a prominent projection.
Taku River, Shoal, /8gj. — The station was located on a sand bar and can not be recovered.
Taku River, Fast, /8gj.—The station is on a small sand knoll on an island which is partially
wooded. The south end of the island is very sandy.
La Perouse, Lituya Bay, i8g4. — The station is about 350 meters west of the astronomical station
of 1874, on a little hillock at the west end of the spit separating the waters of Lituya Bay from the
Pacific.
Camp Muir, Glacier Bay, iSgo. — No description.
Anchorage Point, Chilkat Inlet, 18^4. — The station is in the edge of the woods on Anchorage
Point, a few meters west of "Camp" geodetic station, and in the prolongation of the line from
"Cur" geodetic station.
Chilkat^ i8go. — The magnetic station is on the southwest extremity of Pyramid Island, near
high-water mark.
Chilkoot, i8go. — ^The astronomical station is on a flat ledge 5 feet above high water and 3 meters
from the edge. It is on a point about a quarter of a mile above a deep bay on the west side of the
inlet. The magnetic station is about 40 meters west of the astronomical station.
DcUton, 18^4. — The station is the triangulation station on the sand bar just clear of the timber at
the north end of the narrows in the Chilkat River.
Open, Chilkat River, 18^4. — ^The station is on a small sand dune on the west side of the Indian
Channel (used in going up) and just after leaving the narrows. It is marked by a Cottonwood post.
Sight, i8g4. — The station is in a gravel desert south of Koh-Klux geodetic station.
Koh'Klux, i8g4. — The station is 30 meters from Koh-Klu-K geodetic station in the line to "Sight"
geodetic station. It is about 25 yards northwest of a row of Indian graves.
Upper, Chilkat River, igoo, — ^The station is near the mouth of the Salmon River and on the west
bank of Chilkat River, about 100 feet from the high bank of the latter and 400 feet north of the high
bank (brush line) of the former and 4 feet north of the largest cotton wood tree in the vicinity. It is
marked by a small cairn of stones.
Porcupine, Boundary Camp, igoo. — The station is on the south bank of Klehini River, 2 miles
west of the town, and about i 200 meters west of the point where the provisional boundary line leaves
the river just west of Porcupine Creek. It is about 3 meters from the river bank brush line and 50
meters east of a small eroded bluff, which is the first on the south side of the river above Porcupine
Creek, and 5 and 8 feet, respectively, from two cottonwood trees, 14 inches in diameter, to the south.
It is marked by a small cairn of stones.
Limber, Taiya River, i8g4. — No description.
Ocean Cape, Vakutat Bay, /8g2.- -The station is reached by way of the Aukon River, turning to
the right after passing the first island above its mouth and landing at a point where some small rapids
will be noticed at low tide, and where the lagoon seems to turn back toward Cape Carrew. From
this point a blazed trail leads to the station hill.
Vakutat Bay, i8g2. — The station is on Khantaak Island in Yakutat Bay, 56.96 meters from the
center of the astronomical pier (1892). The magnetic station bears 11° 55^.7 west of true north from
the astronomical pier.
Malaspina, Siouthwest Base, i8g4. — The station is on a sand levee which intervenes between the
waters of Yakutat Bay and the thick spruce forest extending along the edge of the glacier toward the
Osar River. It is marked by a granite block about 6 inches square on top, and lettered U. S. S. B.
Malaspina, Northeast Base, i8g2. — The station is on a small sand knoll, about 15 feet in diameter
at the top, which rises about 3 feet above the surrounding plain. It is almost at the mouth of the
Forney River, and is marked by a granite post about 6 inches square on top, and lettered U. S. N. B.
Mount Hoorts, Yakutat Bay, i8g2, — The station is on top of a mountain whose front slope ends
in a small rocky bluff which forms the upper edge of a small bay abreast of the upper edge of Knight
Island. A tripod signal was left standing.
Yahtse, East Base, i8g4. — The station is on the highest part of the sandy plateau abreast of the
western end of a narrow clump of trees, the first encountered on the right bank of the Yana (Yahna)
River. A large tripod signal was left standing to mark the spot.
27478 — 02 18
274 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR' 1902.
ALASKA— Continued.
Kokinhenic Island {Copper River Delia)^ i8g8, — The station is 23 feet north of the Kokinhenic
astronomical station, which is about 300 meters south of the bunk house belonging to the abandoned
cannery of the Pacific Steam Whaling Company. The astronomical station is on the summit of the
sand ridge near the center of the island. It is marked by a pier of sand and stone with a copper bolt.
Mag^ igoo. —The station is on an outlying rock of an islet at the entrance of the lagoon in the
north shore of Hinchinbrook Island, about 4 miles from its northeast tip. The rock is fiat and moss
covered and has a few small spruce on it. The station is near the northern tip of the rock, about 9 feet
from the north and west edges.
Reefy I goo. — The station is located on the largest rock off the north shore of Hawkins Island,
about a quarter of a mile west of the mouth of Windy Bay. It is marked by a copper bolt leaded into
the rock.
Orca^ igoo. — The astronomical station is on the beach near the Pacific Steam Whaling Company's
cannery at Orca Station, Cordova Bay. It is behind a natural dike of shingle and is awash at extreme
high water. It is marked by a concrete pier, 18 by 24 inches on top, and extending about 2% feet
above the surface of the ground. The magnetic station is nearly due west 89.5 feet.
KuHy i8gg. — The station is on marshy land on the south bank of the Kun River, about i mile
above its mouth. It is 35.5 meters from Kun astronomical station, in prolongation of the line from
Cairn Peak. Kun astronomical station is 3.55 meters north of the center of a wooden transit tripod.
Bright^ i8gg, —The station is on the west bank of the Yukon River in the Great Bend.
Black {Kripniyuk), i8g8. — The station is in the Eskimo village called Kipniak ( Kripnijoikamut),
at the junction of Kripniyagok and Black (Kripniyuk) rivers. It is 72 meters due south of Black
( Kripniyuk) astronomical station and 75 meters due south of '*Tent *' geodetic station. It is marked
by a wooden stub. "Tent" geodetic station is 16 meters from the bank of Black (Kripniyuk) River
and 23 meters from an octagonal Eskimo log house.
Kjviklokchun, i8g8. — The station is on the east bank of Kwiklokchun channel of the Yukon
River, a little below where it leaves the Kusiloak channel, near the mouth of the latter. It is 295.5
meters due south of Kwiklokchun astronomical station and 265.5 meters due south of "Camp"
geodetic station. It is marked by a wooden stub.
Head of Apooriy i8gg, — The station is on the east bank of the Apoon Pass of the Yukon River,
where it leaves the Kwikpak Pass, in the line of the geodetic stations "Camp" and "Both," 14.26
meters from the former. It is marked by a wooden stub.
Okweahy i8gg, — The station is at the mouth of the Kawanak River in the Yukon Delta, on the
south bank, in the line between the geodetic stations " Okweah " and " Skull," about 8 meters from
the former and 2 meters from the edge of the bank, which is 2 feet above the water line. It is
marked by a wooden peg.
Quily i8gg. — The station is on the east bank of the Apoon Pass of the Yukon River, near Kotlik,
about 6 feet above the water line and 5 feet from the edge.
Pasioliak, i8gS. — The station is on the north point of land at the mouth of the Pastoliak River.
It is marked by a stone i foot square and 2% inches thick, with hole drilled in center.
Si. Michael y /8g8. — The station is 232.3 and 214.7 meters, respectively, north and west of the
astronomical station (1891) and 72.3 and 123.2 meters, respectively, from the northwest comer of the
sheet-iron powder house and the southwest comer of the A. C. Company's eating house. It is marked
by a wooden stub, on each side of which is placed a stone. The mark or range used was the pipe on
the A. C. Company's general store, and bears 28° 11'. i east of true south.
SI. Michael, /goo. — The station is on the level ground at the bottom of the gentle slope due
south of the astronomical station, and was marked by a wooden stake.
Camp Davidson, Yukon River, /8g/.— The station is on the Yukon River, near the international
boundary. Observations were made in a small log house.
Current, /goo. — The station is the Hydrographic Signal on the east end of the Imuruk, Port
Clarence.
Porl Clarence, /goo. — The station is near the extreme end of the long sand spit on the south side
of the entrance to Port Clarence from Bering Sea, close to the astronomical and geodetic stations. It
was marked by a wooden stub about 5 inches in diameter, sunk flush with the surface of the ground,
and a post 4 inches square and 6 feet long erected over it.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 275
AI^ASKA— Continued.
Shamansville^ i8gi, — No description.
Fort Yukon y /8go. — ^The station is on the river bank near old Fort Yukon.
Camp ColonnOy Porcupine River^ i8go. — The station is at the base of Mag Hill, Camp Colonna,
near the international boundary, about 600 feet from the Porcupine River. A log house 7 feet
square was built and used as an observatory.
Valley of Three Rivers, i8go.—^o description.
Uglaamie, near Point Barrow, /88j. — The station is the magnetic and meteorological station of
the United States Polar Expedition at Uglaamie. It is about lo^ miles to the southward and westward
of Point Barrow and 150 meters from shore.
ARIZONA.
Pima County, Novates, i8g2, — The station is in the southern part of the public-school grounds
on the bench on the west side of the valley in which the town is situated. It is nearly south of the
center of the schoolhouse, being about 72 feet from the southwest comer and 71 feet from the
southeast comer, and is in the line from the southeast comer of the schoolhouse to the extreme west
point of the ridge of the church just northeast of the schoolhouse.
Yuma County t Yuma, 18^2. — The station is in the middle of a large adobe corral south of the
longitude station, which is on the north side of the corral. The station is set in the meridian of the
transit, 32.84 meters south of it. It is marked by a 3 by 4 by 24 inch pine stub, set so as to leave
about 2 inches projecting above the surface of the ground.
ARKANSAS.
Clay County, Coming, i^i. — The station is northeast of the town in the cemetery, 101.5 feet
north of the south fence. A meridian line was established, the station being the north end of the
line. This line is marked by stone posts, and is 723.6 feet long. The south stone is in a field belong-
ing to Mr. Polk, and is at the fence along the road. The mark or range used was the eastern edge of
Mr. Johnson's ho\ise, and bears 41® 04^.4 west of true south.
Craighead County, Jonesboro, igoi, — ^The station is just south of the town, at the end of Main
street, on land of Mr. Warner. A meridian line was established; the north end is just at the fence,
the south end is on the hill. The line is marked by stone posts 8 inches square, projecting 4 inches
above the surface of the ground. The south £tone was used as the magnetic station. The mark or
range used was the eastern edge of a large iron stand pipe, and bears o^ 11^.2 east of true north.
Drew County, Monticello, i^r, — The station is on the south side of Bowling avenue, on the
grounds of Mrs. Bowling, about i mile from the court-house and one-quarter mile from Main
street. It is 220 feet from the fence to the east, and about 250 feet from the road to the north. It is
marked by an oak post 4 inches in diameter. The mark or range used was the edge of a small house,
distant about i mile, and bears 49** 54^.7 east of true north.
Green County, Paragould, igoi. — The station is about 2 miles from town on the county road. A
meridian line was established, the north end being the magnetic station. This line is marked by
stone posts 8 inches square. The north stone is 83.0 feet ast of a fence, and is 755.7 feet north of the
south stone, which is near the fence along the public road. The mark or range used was the gable
end of Mr. J. M. Agee's house, and bears o® 13'. 8 west of true north.
Hot Spring County, Malvern, ipo/.— The station is about i mile south of the town in the
grounds of Mr. MacHenry, on Main street. It is marked by a stone post 8 inches square, set so as to
leave 2 inches projecting above the surface of the ground. The mark or range was the peak of the
roof of a house, and bears 16° 12^.4 east of true north.
Independence County, Batesville, igoi. — The station is on the grounds of the Arkansas Presby-
terian College. A meridian line was established, the south end being used as the magnetic station.
This line is marked by stone posts 8 inches square, projecting 4 inches above the surface of the ground.
The south stone is west of College Hall, 60 feet north of Boswell street, and 53.8 feet east of the west
fence. The distance between the stones is 286.8 feet. The mark or range used was the square support
for the vane on a house, and bears 1° 28^.7 east of true north.
Jackson County, Newport, igoi. — The station is about i}^ miles from town, on the United States
276 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
ARKANSAS— Continued.
Experimental Station grounds. A meridian line was established, the south end being used as the
magnetic station. The line is marked with stone posts 8 inches square, and is 859.65 feet long. The
south stone is northeast of Mr. Irby's house, 109.4 feet from the corner. The north stone is in the
race track, about 18 inches from the fence on the north side. The mark or range used was the north-
eastern edge of the molding, just under the roof of the house of Mrs. G. K. Stevens, and bears
23° 5 2''. 4 west of true north.
Jefferson County^ Pine Bluffs igoi. — The station is on a large piece of open land on the north side
of the road running out to the western part of the town, about 2 miles from the town, on land owned
by Mrs. Smart. It is marked by a stone post 7 inches square, set so as to leave 3 inches projecting
above the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the edge of a telegraph pole, and
bears 20° 25''. 8 west of true south.
Laivrence County^ Walnutridgey igoi. — The station is in the court-house grounds. A meridian
line was established, the south stone being used as a magnetic station. This line is marked by a stone
post 3^ feet by 7 by V inches, set so as to leave 3 inches projecting above the surface of the ground.
The south stone is west of the court-house, 83.4 feet from the comer. The distance between tlie stones
is 443.75 feet. The mark or range used was the peak of the roof of the Presbyterian church, and bears
70° 32''. 2 east of true nortli.
Ouachita County^ Camden y igoi, — ^The station is about i mile west of the town on land owned by
Mr. H. G. Smith. It is about 200 feet south of the road to town, the main street, and 71.5 feet west of
the east fence of tlie field. It is marked by a stone sunk so as to leave 3 inches projecting above the
surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the peak of the roof of a house, and bears 3° 45^.1
east of true south.
Phillips County y Helena y iSgo. — Observations were made over the north stone of the county meri-
dian, in the northeast corner of the court-house square. This stone is 32 feet from the east fence,
43.4 feet from the north fence, and 166 feet from the center of the Transit Pier. The mark or range
used was the central rod on cupola of high school, and bears 15® 56^.2 east of true south. The Presby-
terian church spire bears 81° 53^.2 east of true south.
Pike County, Murfreesboro, i^i. — The station is about one-half mile due north of the court-
house, in the center of a large, open field belonging to Mr. C. A. Kelly. It is marked by a stone post
8 inches square, set so as to leave 3 inches' projecting above the surface of the ground. The mark or
range used was the western edge of the middle window of the second floor of the court-house, and
bears 3° 10''. 9 east of true south.
Pulaski Connty, Little Rock, i8g6. — ^The station is in the southeast corner of city park, marked
by an oak stub 67.7 meters from east fence (McAlniont street) and 65.3 meters from south fence
(Thirteenth street). Mark, a church steeple, bears 70° 26^.6 west of true north.
Pulaski County, Little Rock, /go/.— The station is on the parade grounds of Fort Logan H. Roots,
about 3 miles northwest of Little Rock. It is about 700 feet southwest of the west end of the barracks
and about 125 feet due east of the drive. It is marked by a gray limestone post 3 feet by 7 by 7
inches, lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S., sunk 3 feet in the ground. A meridian line was established
at the time of these observations. The above-described stone marks the north end. The south end
is marked by a similar stone set 444.5 feet distant. .The mark or range used was the tip of the tower
on the Maddox Female Adademy, and bears 4° 29-^.5 east of true south.
Sharp County, Evening Shade, igoi. — The station is on the hill just north of the post-office in the
gprounds of the Baptist church. A meridian line was established. It is marked by stone posts 8 inches
square projecting 4 inches above the surface of the ground. The south stone of this line is the mag-
netic station. The distance between the stones is 6^9.25 feet. The mark or range used was the gable
end of Mr. C. A. Evans's house, and bears 21° 45^2 east of true south.
Whitf County, Searcy, igoi, — The station is on the east campus of the Spear Langford Military
Academy. It is the north stone of the meridian line established at the time of the magnetic observa-
tions. The line is marked by stone posts ^iYx feet by 7 by 7 inches set 3 feet 3 inches in the groimd.
The north stone is about 70 feet from the fence on the north and 77 feet from the fence on the east.
The distance betw^een the stones is 460 feet. The mark or range used was the tip of the court-house
spire, and bears 83° 34'.o east of true south.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 277
CALIFORNIA.
Alameda County^ AHamont^ ^^97- — Observations were made within a few feet of a gray sandstone
rock, 6 feet broad and 9 feet long, projecting 5 feet out of the ground. This rock is lettered on its
vertical face U. S. C. & G. S., 1897, with a cross marking the center. It is located about one-fourth
of a mile east of the Southern Pacific Railroad station on a place occupied by N. A. Nickerson.
It is approximately in the northeast comer of the SW. % of sec. 21, T. 2 S., R. 3 E. (M. D. M.).
The azimuth station is on the line joining the center of this rock with the base of the flag pole on the
school-house cupola, and is distant 4.5 feet from the center of this rock. The magnetometer station is
on the same line, distant 16.8 feet from the center of the rock. The dip station is 50 feet from the
magnetometer station, and about east of it. The mark or range used was the base of the flag pole on
the school-house cupola. This mark or range from the azimuth station bears 40° 20^. i west of true
north.
Butte County y Oroznlley iSgj. — Azimuth observations were made over a blue sandstone post, 4 feet
long, set 2 feet in the ground, 8 by 8 inches on top with a small hole marking the center. This south
meridian stone is lettered on its south vertical face Mag. Sta. , on its west face U. S. C. & G. S. , and
on its east face 1897. It is located on the south bank of the Feather River, near the north end of
Second avenue and the west end of Safford street, and is distant 40.5 a^d 58.3 feet, respectively,
from the northeast corner of the lot southwest of it and from the northwest corner of the lot southeast
of it. A post similar to the south meridian stone was located 2,000 feet true north of it, on the oppo-
site side of the river near the edge of the bluff. This north meridian stone is lettered on its south
vertical face 1897, on its north face U. S. C. & G. S., and on its west face Merd. Mark. The magnet-
ometer station is on the line joining the center of the south meridian stone with the flag pole on the
tower of the Odd Fellows' Home when this line is extended 29.5 feet from the center of this stone.
The dip station is on the line joining the center of the two meridian stones when this line is extended
70 feet south of the south stone. The mark or range used was the flag pole on the tower of the Odd
Fellows' Home. This mark or range from the south meridian stone bears 83° 46^.5 west of true south.
The spire of the Congregational church bears 76° 00''. 5 east of true south. The weather-vane rod on
the public schoolhouse bears 45° 28^. 7 east of true south.
Calaveras County ^ Milton^ 1^97- — Observations were made near a stone rock 10 by 8 by 24 inches,
projecting 6 inches out of the ground. The top of this stone is lettered U. S., with a cross marking
the center. It was located on the eastern fence line of the Masonic cemetery, 24.7 feet distant from
the nortlieast corner of this cemetery. It is about i 500 feet east of the Masonic Hall at Milton, in
sec. 14, T. 2 N., R. 10 E. (M. D. M.). The azimuth station is on a line joining the center of this
stone with the base of the flag pole on the west gable of the Masonic Hall when this line is extended
4.8 feet outside of the cemetery. Magnetometer station is on the same line when it is extended 12.6
feet outside of the cemetery. The dip station is distant 50 feet from the azimuth station and about
south of it. The mark or range used was the base of the flag pole on the west gable of the Masonic
Hall. This mark or range from the azinmth station bears 67° 35^.7 west of true north. The base of
the flag pole on the schoolhouse building bears 70° 32''. 2 west of true north.
Colusa County ^ Colusa , i8gS.— Azimuth, observations were made over a blue sandstone post 4^
feet long, projecting 2 feet out of the ground, 10 by 10 inches on top, with a cross marking the center.
This south meridian stone is lettered on its north vertical face Mag. Sta. , on its south face U. S. C. &
G. S., and on its east face 1898. It was located on the county road which leads to Williams, and is
about I % miles southwest of the county court-house at Colusa. It is also about 6 miles west of the
Mount Diablo meridian and about three-fourths of a mile north of the third standard parallel north.
It is distant 19 feet north and 4 feet west of the southeast right-angle corner in the county road. A
post similar to this south meridian stone was located about 1 440 feet true north of it, 33 feet from a
northwest corner in the county road. This north meridian post is lettered on its north vertical face
Mer. Mark, on its south face U. S. C. & G. S., and on its east face 1898. The magnetometer .station
was in the line joining the cross on the Catholic church spire with the center of tlie south meridian
.stone when this line is extended 40 feet from the center of the post. The dip station was on the
same line extended 90 feet from the post and south of it. The mark or range used was the cross on
the spire of the Catholic church. This mark or range from the south meridian stone bears 43° 4o''.3
east of true north. The base of the flag pole on the grammar school bears 46° 12''. 6 east of true
278 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
north. The weather-vane rod en the Methodist church spire bears 38° 48^.3 east of true north. The
cross on St. Aloysius Convent bears 33° 01 '.8 east of true north. The base of the flag pole on Colonel
Hager's house bears 20® 30^.3 east of true north.
Colusa County y Snow Mountain, west, i8g2. — ^The station is on the southwest summit of Snow
Mountain on the ridge at the highest point. It is marked by a copper bolt in a concrete pier 3 feet
8 inches high.
Contra Costa County y Mount Diablo y 1884. — ^The station is distant 88.0 feet from the geodetic
station in the line of Ross Mountain. The geodetic station is near the summit, which is small and
rocky. The highest point is not that chosen by the Coast Survey, but a spot so close beside the
highest rock that the signal pole bears against it at its foot. It is marked by a pine post. Ross
Mountain bears 57° 22^.5 west of true north.
El Dorado County ^ Lake Tahoe, /8gj. — The station is in the meridian line at the southeast end
of Lake Tahoe, near the Lakeside Tavern. It is 25 meters south of *' Transit '* geodetic station ( 1893) ,
and is marked by a drill hole in an uncut granite block set for the purpose and roughly squared at
the top. The mark or range used was the south meridian stone.
Eldorado County , Placervilley iSgj. — Azimuth observations were made over a hewn granite post,
4 feet long, projecting 2 feet out of the ground. The top of this stone is dressed 8 inches square, with
a cross marking the center. Its south perpendicular face is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. , and its north
face Mag. Sta., and its west face 1897. This stone was located a little over one-fourth of a mile
south of the county court-house, on the top of the hill southeast of the Chinese quarter. It is south-
west of the reservoir, near a mine shaft, and about three-fourths of a mile southeast of the fair grounds.
A similar stone to this south meridian stone was located about i 000 feet true north of it and on the
top of a hill across the road. Its south vertical face is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. , its east face 1897,
and its west face Mer. Mark. The magnetometer station was on the line joining the center of the
south meridian post with the flag pole on the judges' stand at the fair grounds when this line is
extended 30 feet from this post. The dip station is 70 feet from the magnetometer station and
northeast of it. The mark or range was the flag pole on the judges' stand at the fair grounds. This
mark or range from the south meridian stone bears 52° 20^.4 west of true north. The flag pole on the
Episcopal church bears 38® 35^.4 west of true north. The weather vane on the cupola of the public
schoolhouse bears 23® 13^.9 west of true north.
Fresno County ^ Fresno y 18^7. — Observations were made within a few feet of a large cemented brick
pier surmounted by a sandstone capstone lettered on its top '* Long & Lat. Mark. U. S. Geographical
Survey. West of the 100 Meridian.' War Dept. ' ' This pier is four blocks south of the Southern Pacific
Railroad tracks, in the square bounded by D and C, Kern and Ingo streets. The azimuth station is
in the line joining the center of this pier with the center of the ball on the county court-house dome
and distant 6.5 feet from the center of the pier. The magnetometer station is on this same line when
it is extended 8.4 feet south of the center of the pier. The dip station is on a line at right angles to
this line and 50 feet southeast from the center of the pier. The mark or range used was the center of
the ball on the top of the county court-house dome. This mark or range bears from azimuth station
30® 47^.5 east of true north. The vane of the clock tower of the building at the corner of the street
opposite the Grand Central Hotel bears 24° iS''.© east of true north.
Fresno County , Huron ^ 1897, — Azimuth observations were made over the center of a pine post, 4 by 4
inches, projecting 2 feet above the ground and lettered U. S. '97 on one of its perpendicular faces.
This post was located about i 300 feet southwest of the Southern Pacific Railroad passenger station,
and it marks the southwest corner of the town-site survey of Huron. The line joining the center of
this post with the east end of the gable of the belfry on the east end of the schoolhouse, when this,
line is extended 54 feet from the post, intersects a fence. From this point of intersection to the south-
west fence comer of the field in which this post is located is 144 feet. The magnetometer station and
the dip station are on the line between the center of the post and the point on the belfry of the school-
house, distant 7 and 60 feet, respectively, from the center of the post. The mark or range used was
the point on the schoolhouse belfry, as already described. This mark or range from the azimuth
station bears 46° 56^.9 west of true north. The top of the ventilator on the passenger station of the
Southern Pacific Railroad bears 31° 28^.9 east of true north.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 279
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
Fresno County^ Madera^ ^^97- — Observations were made near a slab of slaty sandstone, 40 by 8 by
3 inches, projecting 20 inches above the surface of the ground, with a cross in its center marking the
point. It is lettered on one of its vertical faces U. S. 1897 Mag. Sta. This stone is located in the
northeastern part of the cemetery in the northwestern part of the town and about i 200 feet west of
the Southern Pacific Railroad. It is on the edge of the cemetery fence, 250.6 feet from the northeast
comer of the cemetery. The azimuth station is in the line joining the center of this stone with the
Christian church spire when it is extended 10.7 feet in the cemetery. The magnetometer station is on
the same line when extended 30.3 feet in the cemetery. The dip station is 50 feet about south of the
azimuth station. The mark or range used was the spire of the Christian church. This mark or range
from the azimuth station bears 80^ 48^.4 east of south. The base of the flag pole on the high-school
cupola bears 13® 38^.4 east of true south. The northeast comer of the cemetery bears 2® 17^.6 east of
tme north.
Fresno County, Mendoia, iSgy. — Observations were made within a few feet of a reddish bowlder, i
by 6 by 6 inches, buried 4 inches below the surface of the ground, with its top lettered U. S. , with a cross
marking the center. This bowlder is located about i 000 feet southeast of the Southern Pacific Rail-
road station. It is also about 500 feet northeast of the center of the SW. }( of sec.31, T. 13 S., R. 15 E.
(M. D. M. ). It is outside and near the eastern comer of the fence around the schoolhouse grounds,
and is also near P street. The azimuth station is on the line joining the center of this bowlder with
the southeast gable of the passenger railroad station when this line is extended 12.0 feet from the
bowlder. The magnetometer station is on this same line extended 33.2 feet from this bowlder. The
dip station is about 40 feet west of the magnetometer station and near the schoolhouse building. The
mark or range used was the northeast gable of the passenger station. This mark or range from the
azimuth station bears 37® 23^.0 east of north. The ball on the top of the water tank near the railroad
roundhouse bears 67° 40^.5 east of true south.
Glenn County^ Willows^ 7^97.— Azimuth observations were made over a granite post 3 feet long,
projecting i foot out of the ground, 8 by 7 inches on top, with a cross marking the center. This south
meridian stone is lettered on its west vertical face 1897, on its south face U. S. C. & G. S., and on its
north face Mag. Sta. It was located in the town of Willows 10 feet west of the intersection of the
south line of Ash street and the east line of I,assen street. A post similar to this south meridian post
was located about 903 feet true north of it, 10 feet north and 4 feet west of the intersection of the
.south line of Oak street and the east line of Lassen street. This north meridian stone is lettered on
its south vertical face U. S. C. & G. S., and on its north face Mer. Mark, and on its west face 1897.
T'he magnetometer station was on the line joining the center of the south meridian stone with the
^Ided ball on the county court-house dome when this line is extended 15 feet from the center of the
stone. The dip station is on the same line 50 feet north of the stone. The mark or range used was
the gilded ball on the county court-house dome. This mark or range bears 10° 02^.3 west of true
north. The flag pole on the belfry of the public school bears 6® 27''. 5 west of true north. The flag
pole on the Masonic Hall bears 39^ 20^.7 east of tme north.
Humboldt County y Cape Mendocino^ 1886, — The station is south 30° so''. 6 east of the Cape Mendo-
-cino light-house, about 50 feet outside the fence inclosing it and the keeper's dwelling, and is close
to and above the road leading from Singley's flat to the light-house. It is marked by a brick sunk
in the ground, surrounded by a pile of stones. The mark or range used was the triangulation station
*' South of Cape,'* and bears 32° 14^.8 east of true south.
Humboldt County, Mount Lassie ^ i8g2. — The station is on the line Mount Lassie geodetic station —
Taylor's Peak geodetic station, distant 23 feet 10 inches from the former. The geodetic station is on
the most western and least prominent of the three buttes which rise in sharp conical outlines about
200 feet above the general surface of the mountain. It is marked by a copper bolt in the top of a
•concrete pier.
ICem County, Asphalto, 1897. — The azimuth observations were made over the center of a stone
monument projecting 8 inches out of the ground. On its north perpendicular face a faint cross was
cut. This sandstone monument is located about one-half mile north of the Standard Asphalt
Works and is at the comer of the NE. i of sec. 27, T. 30 S., R. 22 E., Mount Diablo meridian. It is
jiear a creek. The magnetometer observations were made between the monument and this creek, on
28o MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
the line joining the center of the monument with the flag pole on the end of the east gable of the
superintendent's house and office. It is distant 7 feet from the center of the monument. The dip
station is on a line at right angles to this line, 60 feet from the center of the monument and
westward of it. The mark or range used was the base of the flag pole on the house and office of the
superintendent of the asphalt works, on the end of the east gable. This mark or range from the
monument bears 52® 49^.8 west of true south. The center of the door and the east edge of the ventilator
on the cook-house cellar bear 28® 08'. 6 west of true south.
Kern County ^ Caliente^ /i^p/.— The azimuth observations were made over a granite bowlder 8 by
12 by 18 inches, projecting about 6 inches above the surface of the ground. The top of the stone is
lettered U. S., with a cross marking the center. This bowlder was located about i 000 feet east of
the Southern Pacific Railroad station, east of the county road and 189.2 feet south and east of the
southwest corner of a field north and west of this bowlder. A line joining the center of this bowlder
and the bottom of the flag pole on the schoolhouse, when this line is extended 90 feet, passes through
the northern end of a bridge crossing a creek near the station. The magnetometer station was in this
same line 83 feet from tlie northern end of this bridge, or 81 feet from the stone. The dip station is in
the line to the northeast gable of the Southern Pacific Railroad station when it is extended 50 feet
eastward from this bowlder. The mark or , range used was the base of the flag pole on the
schoolhouse. This mark or range from the azimuth station bears 36® 41^.4 east of true north. The
northeast gable of the Soutliem Pacific Railroad station bears 68** 00^.6 west of true north. The top
of the roof of the railway water tank bears 52° 18^.4 west of true north.
Kern County^ Delano^ i8gy. —The azimuth observations were made over a redwood post 4 by 4
inches square, ^)i feet long, set 2 feet in the ground. On one of its perpendicular faces is cut U. S. C.
& G. S.. on another 1897, and on a third Mag. Sta. This post was located in the northwestern part of
the town, about i 000 feet west of the Southern Pacific Railroad, in the western comer of the inclosure
around the brick schoolhouse. It is 35.4 feet southeast of the western corner, measured along the
fence line of the schoolhouse grounds, and 3.2 feet from the southwestern fence line in the line joining
the center of this post with the Methodist church spire. The magnetometer station was in this same
line 9 feet from the post in the direction of the Methodist church spire. The dip station was also in
this line distant 50 feet from the post in the same direction. The mark or range used was the cross on
the Methodist church belfry. This mark or range from the center of the post bears 74° 09^.5 east of
true north. The base of the flag pole on the Central Hotel bears 52® 34^.5 east of true south.
Kern County^ Mojave, iSgj. — The azimuth obser\'ations were made over the center of a post 4 feet
long, set I yi feet in the ground. The letters U. S. are cut in this post. It was located on the desert
one-half mile northeast of the Southern Pacific Railroad station, outside of the cemetery, in line
with the west fence of the cemetery, and is distant 15 feet from its southwest corner. The dip
station is also in line with the west fence of the cemetery, and is distant 70 feet from its southwest
comer. The magnetometer station is in the line joining the center of this post with the cupola of
the railroad station when this line is extended 12 feet. The mark or range used was the tip of the
cupola on the Southern Pacific Railroad passenger station. This mark or range from the center of the
post bears 52° 40^.4 west of true south. The northwest gable of the Southern Pacific Railroad passen-
ger station bears 54° 11^.4 west of true south. The north gable of the schoolhouse bears 62° 48^.4
west of true south. The direction of the west fence of the cemetery bears 9° 45^.4 west of true north.
Los Angeles County^ Los Angeles^ Magnetic Observatory^ i88g. — The station is in the grounds of
the Branch Normal School, at the foot of the slope, almost due west, about 200 feet from the nearest
wall of the school building. It is identical wuth that used for absolute measures in connection with
the magnetic observatory.
Los Angeles County y Los Angeles, 1892. —The station is in the Elysian Park, north of the city.
It is marked by the drill hole in the center of ihe southern corner stone of the park, a stone 7 inches
square and broken off a few inches above the ground. It is on the top of the ridge north of
Reservoir road and nearly in line with the west side of Douglas street (extended). The Normal
School flagstaff bears 6° 54''. 3 west of true south.
Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, Northwest Base, i8go, — The station is on the line Northwest
Base-Southeast Base. The Northwest Base is on the rising ground, about i % miles from the little
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 28l
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
village of Norwalk, on the Southern Pacific Railroad. It is in the midst of a grove of eucalyptus
trees about 200 yards east of the Southern California Railroad on land belonging to Mr. J. B. Nichols.
The mark or range used was Southeast Base and bears 37° 26^.8 east of true south.
Los Angeles County^ Los Angeles^ Southeast Base, /8go.— The station is nearly in line Southeast
Base-Northwest Base, distant 101.95 feet from Southeast Base. Southeast Base is about 100 yards west
of the main road from Anaheim to Gardengrove, about 3 miles from the former and 1 mile from the
latter place. It is on land belonging to Mr. R. K. Sherman, about halfway between his house and
barn. Southeast Base bears 33° $&. i east of true south.
Los Angeles County, North Pofnona, iSgy, — Observations were made over a bowlder set 20 inches
below the surface of the ground, with a small hole in its top marking the center. Immediately over
this bowlder was set another bowlder about 18 inches long and 6 or 7 inches in diameter, projecting
about 3 inches above the ground, and lettered on its top U. S., with a small hole marking the center.
These bowlders were located about one-fourth of a mile northeast from the railway station, and 100
meters north of the east gable of the most eastern large packing house north of the railway. A large
tree, nearly a mile east of this bowlder, is in line with the left summit of the high ridge on the right
of the highest summit of the mountains to the east, known as San Bernardino Mountains. The
high peak on the left is known as Gray Back, and the right summit on the ridge as San Bernardino
Peak. There are two rows of apricot trees just north of this magnetic station in the orange orchard.
The magnetic station is in line witli the eastern row of trees. The mark or range used was the flag
pole on the cupola of the Claremont schoolhouse. This mark or range bears 75° 03^.2 east of true
north. The central rod of a windmill at the foot of a mountain, near a white house, bears 36° 05^.4 east
of true north. Gray Back Peak bears 87° 31 ''.4 east of true north.
Los Angeles County, Palmdale, iSgj. — Observations were made over a stone post 10 by 10 by 5
inches, buried i>^ feet below the surface of the ground, with its top lettered U. S., and with a cross
marking the center. This stone was located about 850 feet northeast of the Southern Pacific Railroad
passenger station. It is distant 18 feet south and 25 feet east of the northwest corner of Center street
and Almond avenue. The dip station is 50 feet north of this street corner, on the western edge of
Almond avenue. The mark or range used was the northwest gable of the passenger station of the
Southern Pacific Railroad. This mark or range bears from the stone 68° 03''.© west of true south. The
perpendicular face of the southeast corner of Sherer's brick store bears 59° 58''.o west of true north.
The windmill rod bears 46° 50^.0 west of true north.
Los Angeles County, San Pedro, 1897. — Observations were made over a stone about 2 feet long,
with its upper surface projecting 2 inches out of the ground. It has a rounded top 14 by 8 inches,
roughly lettered U. S., with a small hole marking the center. This stone was located on the west side
of the park, which is on the bluff fronting the harbor. It was placed in the line of trees bordering the
west side of the park, and midway between two trees opposite the center of Ninth street, which is
perpendicular to Beacon street, the street bordering the park on the west. This stone is about 50
meters on a line 14° 3c/ east of south of the small pavilion in the center of this park. The mark or
range used was the hydrographic signal on Deadmans Island. This mark or range bears 39° 33^.6
east of true south. The Catholic Church spire bears 88° 06^.9 west of true south. The flag pole on
the schoolhouse bears 42° 58^.6 west of true north. The bell tower on the Methodist Church spire
bears 29° 46'. 6 west of true north. The smokestack on the sawmill bears 39° 27''.4 east of true north.
Los Angeles County, Santa Monica, /c^p/. ^Observations were made over a concrete post 2 feet
long, set even with the surface of the ground, 10 by 10 inches on top, and lettered U. S. with a small
hole marking the center. This post was located in the park along the ocean front, called Ocean Park
or Linda Vista. It is in the northeast side of the park, about 5 feet inside of the southwest curb line
along Ocean avenue, and about 5 feet northwest of the line of the northwest curb on Washington
avenue when it is extended. Ocean avenue extends northwest and southeast, and Washington avenue
is at right angles to it. This concrete post is 2 feet inside of the line of palmettoes which border
Ocean avenue. About 100 feet southwest of this magnetic station is a bluff nearly 100 feet high. At
the foot of this bluff is the ocean beach and the Southern Pacific Railroad to Los Angeles. The mark
or range used was the left-hand flag pole on the bath house on the beach to the .southeast. This mark
or range bears 38° 38''. 7 east of true south. The extreme point of the mainland to the south bears
282 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
14° 33^.2 east of true south. The extreme point of the mainland to the west bears 85° 43^.5 west of
true south. The highest peak to the northwest, on the ridge to the right of apparently the highest
peak, bears 61° 00^.7 west of true north. The highest peak to the north, over the center of a house
one-half block away, bears 23® 46^.2 west of true north. The peak in the northeast, the first to the
left of highest one visible, bears 55® 32^.5 east of true north. The flag pole on a house halfway
between California and Washington avenues, on Third street, bears 68° 09''. 8 east of true north.
Los Angeles County ^ Saugus^ ^^97- — Observations were made over an irregular bowlder 5 by 9 by
17 inches, projecting 5 inches above the ground, lettered on top with a U. S., and with a cross mark-
ing the center. This stone was located in an open field at the foot of a steep hill, about 800 feet in a
northeasterly direction from the passenger station of the Southern Pacific Railroad. The azimuth
station was in the center of this bowlder. The magnetometer station was in the line joining the
center of the bowlder with the point of the cupola on the passenger station, when this line is extended
8 feet. The dip station was on a line at right angles to this line through the azimuth station and 50
feet toward the west. The mark or range used was the tip of the cupola of the passenger station of
the Southern Pacific Railroad Company. This mark or ringe from the bowlder bears 50° 33'. 8 west
of true south. The center of the trunk of a double oak tree, distant 211 feet from the azimuth station,
"bears 57° 26^.2 east of true south. The center of the trunk of an oak tree, distant 98 feet from this
double oak, bears 66° 47^.2 east of true south.
Marin County ^ San Rafael ^ /^p/.— Observations were made over a marble post 4 feet long, set 2
feet in the ground, 8 by 8 inches on top, with the center of a cross marking the point. This post is
lettered U. S. C. & G. S. on its west vertical face, MAG. STA. on its south face, and 1897 on its east face.
This post was located 1. 1 miles northwestward from the county court-house. It is near the top of a hill
(on the eastern slope) on which is located one of the water company's reservoirs, and it is distant about
375 feet eastward from this reservoir. The azimuth station was over the center of this post. The
magnetometer station was in the line joining the center of this post with the flag pole on the county
court-house, when this line is extended about 10 feet from the post. The dip station is about 50 feet from
the post and east of it. A similar marble post was set about 700 meters true south of the north stone.
The north vertical face of the south stone is lettered MER. MARK., the east face U. S. C. & G. S., and
the west face 1897. The mark or range used was the flag pole on the court-house building. This
mark or range from the center of the north stone bears 70° 13^.8 east of true south. The tripod signal
on the Point San Quentin bears 54° 55^.8 east of true south. The flag pole on the east peak of Mount
Tamalpais bears 61° 21^.6 east of true south. The tripod signal on Red Rock Island bears 26° 54^.9
yifest of true south.
Mendocino County ^ Cold Springs i8gi, — ^The station is situated on a large rock or bowlder, about
20 feet in diameter at the base and about 15 feet higher than the siirrounding ridge. It is locally
Icnown as *' Signal Ridge." It is marked by a concrete pier 26 inches square, in the top of which is
inserted a copper bolt. This pier is about 4 feet high.
Mendocino County ^ Point Arena ^ /88g.— The station is almost due east 98.6 feet from the transit
pier. This pier is about 200 meters east of the main street of the town, upon the hill where the two
large water tanks stand. It is 26 feet east of the single tank and 49 feet south of a bam. The cross on
the Catholic church steeple bears 50** 01 '.8 west of true north.
Mendocino County ^ Ukiahy 1897. — Azimuth observations were made over the center of a smooth
white marble post 4 feet long, set 2 feet in the ground, 8 by 8 inches on top, with a cross marking the
center. The south perpendicular face of this post is lettered U. S. C. & G. S., the east face MAG. STA.,
■and the north face 1897. This marble post is located on the western side of the level Russian River
Valley, one-half mile east of the base of the mountains and three-fourths of a mile west of the San
Francisco and Pacific Coast Railroad. It is 116 meters true west and 1786 meters true south of the
county court-house, as scaled from a road-sun-ey map. It is one square west from the county road,
in the southeast corner of a square, 49 and 50 feet, respectively, from the southern and eastern street
lines of this square, and near a creek which is dry in the summer. A similar marble post was located
on the eastern edge of the street, 250 paces true north of this south meridian stone. This north stone
is lettered on its west perpendicular face MER., on its south face 1897, and its north face U. S. C. & G. S.
The magnetometer station is in the line joining the center of the south meridian stone and the flag
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 283
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
pole on the county court-house, when this line is extended 31 feet from the stone. The dip station is
about 50 feet west of the south meridian stone. The mark or range used was the flag pole on the
court-house. This mark or range from the center of the south stone bears 3^ 48^.8 east of true north.
Merced County^ Merced^ J^97- — Observations were made near a cross on the northeast comer of
the brick wall surrounditlg the Catholic Cemetery, where it is lettered U. S., 1897. This cemetery is
about \% miles south of the county court-house. The azimuth station is 15.3 feet east of the north-
east comer of this cemeterj", in line with the northern edge of the wall extended. The magnetometer
station was on the line joining the center of the azimuth station with the top of the head of the statue
on the court-house when this line is extended 14 feet from the azimuth station. The dip station was
50 feet east of the azimuth station in the line of the northern wall of the cemetery. The mark or
range used was the top of the head of the statue on the coiirt-house. This mark or range from the
azimuth station bears 4® 25^.2 east of true north. The Methodist church spire bears 6° 52^.2 east of
true north. The direction of the northern wall of the cemetery bears 89° 24^.8 west of true north.
Merced County yVolta^ ^Sgy. — Observations were made within a few feet of the center of a red-
wood post 5 feet long, 4 by 6 inches on top, projecting 3 feet above the ground. One of the perpen-
dicular faces of the post is lettered U. S. , another 1897, and another MAG. STA. This post was located
about one-fourth of a mile northeast of the Southern Pacific Railroad station, about 31 feet south and
57 K feet east of the northwest comer of T. lo S., R. 10 E. (M. D. M. ) It is on the fence line, 27. 5
feet from the northwest comer of the field in which it is located. The azimuth station is on the line
joining the center of this post with the cross on the Catholic church, and distant 24.5 feet from the
center of the post. The magnetometer station is on the same line and distant 17.7 from the center of
the post. The dip station is 50 feet southeast of the magnetometer station. The mark or range used
was the cross on t}ie Catholic church spire. This mark or range from the azimuth station bears
31® 19^.0 west of true south. The flag pole on the cupola of the Volta Hotel bears 34° 03^.5 west of true
south. The northwest fence comer of the field bears 34° 49^.0 west of true north.
Monterey County, Bradley, /^p^.— Observations were made over the center of a 7 by 7 inch pine
p09t 5 feet long, set 2>^ feet in the ground. This post is lettered on its face U. S. and 1896. It was
located on the west line of the main street of the town, near the edge of the bluff overlooking the
valley of Salinas River. It is distant about one-fourth of a mile from the passenger station of the
Southern Pacific Railroad, in a southwesterly direction. This post is distant 187.5 ^^^t from the
northwest corner of the streets north and east of it. The street north of it is 60 feet wide, and the
street immediately east of it (the main street of the town) is 82 feet wide. The azimuth observations
were made over this post; the dip and magnetic observations in the line joining the center of this
post with the belfry on the schoolhouse, distant 50 and 26 feet, respectively, from it. The mark or
range used was the belfry on the schoolhouse tower. This mark or range bears from the azimuth
station 66° 00^.0 west of true north. The south gable of the high part of the passenger station bears
44° 28^.5 east of true north. The west line of the main street bears 18° i5''.o east of true north.
Monterey County, Monterey, i8g6, — The station is on the hill on which is situated the old fort, of
which but little remains, southwest of the ruins. It is marked underground only by a bottle. The
mark or range used was the flagstaff on the west gable end of the Del Monte bath house, and bears
64® 25^.5 east of true south.
Monterey County, Mount Toro, /8Sj. — ^The station is in the line Mount Toro geodetic station-
Santa Lucia geodetic station, distant from the former 34 meters. The geodetic station is located upon
the smooth grassy hill about 500 yards south of Mr. A. B. Parson's house, not far from Salinas City.
It is marked by a copper bolt in a concrete pier.
Monterey County, Salinas, 18^. —Azimuth observations were made over a hewn granite stone 16
inches long, set 14 inches in the ground, 8 by 8 inches on top, with a small hole marking the center,
and this stone is lettered U. S. This stone was located in the northern part of the town, at what is
now the head of Natividad street. It is distant about 3,450 feet from the flag pole on the cupola of
the county court-house, almost in front of Mr. McCormick's house, and in about the center of this
street. The magnetometer station was on the line joining the center of this stone with the flag pole
on the county courthouse, about 10 feet south of the center of the stone. The dip station is in the
same line, about 60 feet south of the center of the stone. The mark or range used was the flag pol6 on
284 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
the cupola of the county court-house. This mark or range bears from the center of the stone 20® 22^.0
west of tru-? south. A tall slender spire bears 23° 15''. o west of true south.
Monterey County ^ San Lucas, /Sg6. — Observations were made over the center of a 4 by 4 inch red-
wood post 5 feet long, set 2}^ feet in the ground. This post is lettered on one face U. S. MAG. ST A.
and on the other 1896. It was located on the bluff back of the town, about one-fourth of a mile distant
from the Southern Pacific Railroad passenger station, and in a northwesterly direction. This bluff is
about 35 feet above the railway tracks. This post is distant 37 feet from the fence line just across the
street north of this post. It is also distant from the same fence line 48.5 and 50 feet, respectively,
when measured in the direction of the lines joining the center of this post with the Baptist and
Methodist church spires when these lines are extended. This post is distant 253.3 ^^^^ from the north-
east corner of Griswold's barn, at the far corner of the streets north and west of it. The azimuth and
dip observations were made over this post. The magnetometer observations 4.2 feet from it, in the
direction of the line joining the center of this post with the flag pole on the cupola of the schoolhouse
when this line is extended. The flag pole on the cup>ola of the schoolhouse was used as the mark or
range. This mark or range from the post bears 65° 46''.o east of true south. The spire of the Baptist
church bears 56° lo' west of true south. The vane on the Methodist church spire bears 26° 30^.0 east
of true south. The northeast comer ot Griswold's barn and the line of the street bears 105® 46^.5 west
of true south.
Monterey County, Soledad, jSg6. — Observations were made over a small irregular limestone
bowlder, 8 inches square on top, buried flush with the ground, and wnth a small hole marking the
center. This bowlder is located about 400 feet in a southeastern direction from the passenger station
of the Southern Pacific Railway, i foot in front of the fence which forms the southern boundary of the
railway station yard. It is distant 136.7 feet from the line of the cattle pens measured along this
boundary fence. The magnetometer, azimuth, and dip circle stations were in the line joining the
center of this bowlder with the steeple of the Catholic church, which is about one-fourth of a mile
distant. The magnetometer, azimuth, and dip circle stations are distant 6, 29.7, and 56 feet, respec-
tively, from the center of this bowlder. The mark or range used was the steeple of the Catholic church.
This mark or range from the azimuth station bears 15° 10''. 3 east of true north. The east gable of the
railroad grain warehouse bears 37° 24^.0 west of true north. The town flag pole bears 4° 03^.5 east of
true north.
Napa County, Napa, fSg^. — Observations were made over a stone monument 10 inches square,
with a cross in its center marking the point. This stone monument is 5 feet long, projecting 2% ^^^t
above the ground It is lettered on its east vertical face MAG. STA. , and on its west face U. S. C. & G. S.
1897. This monument was located in the eastern part of the Napa Insane Asylum grounds and on
the dam just west of the reservoir called " Lake Camille." The azimuth was over the center of this
stone. The magnetometer station was in the line joining the center of this monument and the vane
on the central tower of the Napa Insane Asylum, when this line is extended 8 feet beyond the center
of the monument. The dip station is about 50 feet from the center of this monument, about north of
it. The mark or range used was the weather vane on the central tower of the Napa Insane Asylum.
This mark or range from the center of the monument bears 88° 08''. 5 west of true north. The weather
vane on the Napa County court-house bears 50° 21 ''.7 west of true north.
Napa County, Napa, i8gS. — v observations were made over the same points occupied for magnetic
observations, in the grounds of the Napa Insane Asylum, in 1897, and already described. The azimuth
observations were made over the center of the stone monument located on the reservoir dam of Lake
Camille. A north meridian monument was also located 750 feet true north of this .south meridian
stone, on the north side of the road and 2 feet north of the fence marking the present northern
boundar>' of the asylum grounds.
Nevada County, Nevada City, iSgj, — Azimuth observations were made over a hewn granite post
4 feet long and projecting lYz feet above the surface of the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, with a cross
marking the point. It is lettered on its west perpendicular face MAG. STA. , on its south face 1897, and
on its north face U. S. C. & G. S. This post is located about 2 500 feet westward of the county court-
house, just south of a large excavation made in hydraulic placer mining. It is also about south of
where West Broad street crosses the north line of the city limits. It is on a knoll north of a road. A
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 285
CALIFORNIA-Continued.
post similar to this south meridian post was located about i 000 feet true north of it, on the southern
edge of West Broad street. The south perpendicular face of this north stone is lettered 1897, its west
face MER. MARK., and its north face U. S. C. & G. S. The magnetometer station is in tlie line joining
the center of the south meridian stone with the flag pole on the county court-house when this line is
extended 12 feet from the center of the stone. The dip station is in the line joining the center of
the south stone with the' vane on the cupola of the Methodist church, and distant 60 feet from the
center of the stone. The mark or range used was the flagstaff on the cpunty court-house. This mark
or range from the south meridian stone bears 81° 45^.0 east of true south. The vane on the cupola of
the Methodist church bears 71° 24-^. 3 east of true south. The south gable of a red-roof gray house
just north of West Broad street bears 1° 33''. 5 east of true north.
Orange County^ Capistravo, iSgy. — Observations were made over a rough fossiliferous rock about
3 feet long, projecting 6 inches above the ground, 18 by 6 inches on top, with a small hole marking
the center. On the south face of the rock the letters ^^. S. were roughly cut. This rock was located
on the first bench of the ridge north of the town and ju.st east of the railwav. This bench is only
about 40 or 50 feel above the surrounding lowlands, and it is the end of the ridge of which it forms
a part. This stone was placed about 100 feet north from the first decided change in the slope after
starting up the ridge. It is about halfway from the foot of the ridge to the first summit. The mark
or range used was the pole on the center of the top of the water tank. This mark or range bears
12° 06^.5 east of true south. The northeast corner railing on the top of Judge Egan's house bears
4° 2o''.8 east of true south. The old meridian post on the hill to the southwest bears 2° 1 9'. 5 east of
true south. The flag pole in front of a store, the lowest visible point, bears 3° 35^.0 east of true south.
The iron pin on top of the cupola of the S. C. Railway station bears 9° 02''. o west of true south. The
center of the cupola of a white house bears 77° 58^.2 east of true north. The highest point of the
ridge in the far east, just above where the bare rock shows, bears 76° 48''. 8 east of true north.
Orange County^ Newport Beach ^ ^^97- — Obser\-ations were made over the center of a redwood
railway tie 5 feet long, projecting 3 feet above the ground. This post was used as a tripod. Its north
face is lettered U. S. C. S. , MAG. 1897, and its south face U. S. It is located in the sand flat north of
all the buildings of the town, about midway between the railroad and the ocean beach, and on a line
with the south face of the large railway warehouse, the largest building in this region. This ware-
house is east of the railway, and is only a short distance from the railway station, at the beginning
of the wharf. It is the first building as you enter the town. The mark or range used was the north-
east comer post of the railing on the roof of Sharp's Hotel. This mark or range bears 32° 25^^.9 east
of true south. The base of the flag pole on the front of the large hotel bears 25° 50^.4 east of true
south. The base of the flag pole in the center of the roof of the pavilion bears 37° 37''. 9 east of true
south.
Placer County^ Auburn^ ^^97- — Azimuth observations were made over a hewn granite post 4 feet
long, set 2 feet in the ground, 8 by 8 inches on top, with a cross marking the center. It is lettered on
its perpendicular south face MAG. STA., on its west face U. S. C. & G. S., and on its east face 1897.
This stone was located tw^o-fifths of a mile east of the county court-house, near the northwest corner
of Olive street and Finley lane. The magnetometer station is in the line joining the center of this
post with the vane rod on the dome of the county court-house when this line is extended 53 feet from
the center of the post. The dip station is on the same line when it is extended 113 feet from the
center of the p)ost. A similar post to this north meridian stone was located 130 paces true south of it.
This south meridian stone is lettered on its west perpendicular face MER. MARK, on its north
face, U. S. C. & G. S., and on its east face, 1897. The mark or range used was the perpendicular rod of
the vane on top of the county court-house. This mark or range from the north meridian stone bears
89° 19^ west of true north. The flag pole on the schoolhouse bears 78° 38-^ west of true north. The
slender golden cross on the Catholic church bears 62^ 18^.3 west of true north. The short p>ole on the
west gable of Eurer's Hotel bears 32° 1 9*^.8 east of true north.
Riverside County ^ Elsinore^ ^^97* — Observations were made over an irregular granite bowlder 3
feet long, 15 to 20 inches in diameter, with a small hole in the center marking the point, and lettered
U. S. This bowlder is located on the ridge just south of the small knoll which is east of the Hot
Springs Hotel. It is near the northeast corner of the block bounded by Washington street on the
286 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
east and Heald street on the south. It is about 29 meters west of the center of Washington street, and
is about 20 meters southwest of the top of a small knoll. It is about i meter north of the line of the
south face of the small house on the opposite side of Washington street, and on the corner of the
street next north of Heald street. The Hot Springs Hotel is northwest of this station. The mark or
range used was the highest projecting rock of the left-hand rocky peak on the farthest ridge visible
in the north. This peak is distinctly rock3% while all to the left of it are not so. This mark or range
bears 18® 2i''.i west of true north. The center of the large cupola on the bank building bears 42° 31^.2
west of true south. The flag pole on the spire of the Lake View Hotel bears 52® 05''. 7 west of true
south. The Presbyterian church spire bears 89® 33'. i west of true north. The cupola of the school
house bears 67® 00^.8 west of true north.
Riverside County^ India ^ iSgy. — Observations were made over the center of a redwood railway tie
4 feet long, projecting i foot above the ground, 8 inches square on top, with a cross marking the center.
Its south vertical face is lettered U. S. C. S., and its west vertical face 1897. This post was located
nearly 200 meters north of the railway and northwest of the hotel. It is about 20 meters east of the
road which extends northwest from near the west side of the hotel. The distance from the railway
along this road to a point opposite this redwood post is about 190 meters. The mark or range used
was a rectangular object (appearing like a target) on the first small summit to the right of a deep gap
in the most distant mountain range in the north. It is a little to the left of a perpendicular to the
railway at this hotel or station. This mark or range bears 26° 24^.9 east of true north.
Riverside County ^ San Jacinto^ '^97* — Observations were made over a redwood post 5 feet long^
projecting 15 inches above the ground. The north vertical face of this post is lettered U. S. C. & G. S.,
and its south vertical face 1897. It is 4 by 6 inches on top, with a cross marking the center. This
post was located near the middle of the block bounded on the north by Main street and on the west
by Santa Fe avenue. It is about 46 meters south of the line of trees on the south side of Main street
and about 62 meters east of the center of Santa Fe avenue. Santa Fe avenue is the main thoroughfare
to Hemet. This post is located on the property of a man named Freeman. The mark or range used
was a rock cairn on the top of, apparently, the highest of the first mountains to the northeast. This
mark or range bears 26° 55^-2 east of true north. San Jacinto Peak, the highest on San Jacinto
Mountains, bears 82° 20^.3 east of true north. A tall sharp peak on the right of San Jacinto Mountains
bears 86° 45^.2 east of true north. The flag pole on the red cupola of I. O. O. F. Building bears
84° 29^.8 east of true north. The flag pole on the schoolhouse at Hemet bears 6° 24^.2 west of true
south. The flag pole on the top of the Indian agency bears 65® 39^.8 west of true south.
Sacramento County^ Sacramento^ ^^97- — Azimuth observations were made over a blue sandstone
post 4 feet long and set 2 feet in the ground, 8 by 8 inches on top, with a cross marking the center.
This south meridian stone is lettered on its east perpendicular face U. S. C. & G. S., on its west face
1897, and on its north face MAG. STA. This stone was located in the southeastern corner of the
Catholic cemetery, 17 feet from its east fence, and 91 feet from the southeast comer of this cemetery,
A sandstone post similar to this south meridian stone was located i 000 feet true north of it, near the
northern fence of the cemetery. This north meridian stone is lettered on its south perpendicular face
MERID. MARK, on its east face 1897, and on its west face U. S. C . & G. S. The magnetometer station
is on the line joining the center of this south meridian stone with the ball on the dome of the statehouse
when this line is extended 8 feet from the center of this stone. The dip station is on the line joining
the center of the two meridian stones' 50 feet north of the south stone. The mark or range used was
the ball on the dome of the statehouse. This mark or range from the south meridian stone bears
20° 41^.8 west of true north. The cross on the cathedral bears 17° 12^.3 west of true north. The
flag pole on the square tower of the Buffalo Brewing Company bears 6° 46^.0 east of true north.
San Benito County ^ Hollister^ /Sg6. — Observations were made over a small granite bowlder buried
a few inches below the surface of the ground, with a small hole in the center of it marking the point.
This bowlder was located on the hill just north of the county court-house and west of the west fence
inclosing the reser\^oir occupying the top of this hill. It is distant 61.5 and 96.5 feet, respectively,
from the northwest and the southwest corners of the fence around this reservoir. It is also distant
24.5 feet from the third tree of a row of trees northeast of this bowlder. The mark or range was the
cross on the spire of the Catholic church. This mark or range bears 3° 22^.1 west of true south. The
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 287
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
cross on the cupola of the Catholic convent bears 40° 08'. i west of true south. The northwest comer
of the reservoir fence bears 65° 24^.9 east of true south. The southwest corner of the reservoir fence
bears 5° 33^.9 east of trufe south.
San Bernardino County^ Bagdad ^ iSgj. — Observations were made over the center of a redwood
railroad tie 3 feet long, set i>^ feet in the ground, 7 by 7 inches, with U. S. C. & G. S. MAG. STA. cut*
on its east vertical face. This redwood post was located about 130 meters south of the railway, and a
little east of the meridian line of the railw^ay station, which is the most eastern substantially built
house in the town. The mark or range used was a small projecting rock just below the summit of >
apparently, the highest ridge in the west, and just north of the railway. This is a very short ridge,
with a conical-shaped peak a little south of it which appears slightly higher than this ridge. This
small projecting rock was on the slope opposite to this conical peak. Back of these mountains an
iron-colored ridge projects farther to the south. This mark or range bears 59° 12^.8 west of true
north.
San Bernardino County^ BarstoWy /(Jp/.— Observations were made over the center of a painted
post 3 feet long, set 2 feet in the ground, i by 4 inches in cross section, with M. G. cut on its western
vertical face. This post was located in the sand flat north of the town and distant about 150 meters
from the railway, directly in front of the north gable of the hotel. The point of this gable is in line
with the top of the hill, which is just south of the hotel, when standing 20 feet west of this post. The
railway disappears around the points of the ridges to the west and to the east of this post. A line
drawn through these two points, where the railway disappears, passes within a few feet of the post.
The position of the magnetic station can be fixed by these directions. The mark or range used was
the prominent rock near the eastern end of the highest short ridge nearly north of the station. This
mark or range bears o® 20^.6 west of true north.
San Bernardino County ^ Blake ^ ^^97* — Observations were made over the center of a redwood
railroad tie, 5 feet long, projecting 2 feet above the ground, with U. S. C. & G. S. MAG. 1897 cut in
its west vertical face. This railway tie was located about 100 meters north of the railway station.
The mark or range used was a small projecting rock just south of the highest peak of the mountain
almost southwest of the station, and the first mountains north of the railway when looking west.
This mark or range bears 57® 27^.8 west of true south.
San Bernardino County ^ Calif omia and Nevada Boundary ^^^ fbst^ iSpj. — The station is in the
permanently marked meridian about 30 meters south of the east post set in 1873 by Van Schmidt on
the west bank of the Colorado River, 12 miles north of the town of Needles Station. It is marked by
a pile of stones.
San Bernardino County^ Kramer^ 1897. — Observations were made over the center of a rough '
quartz rock, 18 inches long, set even with the surface of the ground. This rock was located north of
the railway and distant 192.2 meters from the north rail of the main track. It is north of the only
saloon in the place, and in line with the west face of this building. A line joining the center of this
rock with the highest point of the hills to the southwest of it just clears the northwest comer of a
corral built of old logs, which is distant 300 or 400 feet from the center of the rock. A small 3rucca
tree, the only tree in this vicinity, is directly in line to the south gap of the mountains west of the
station. The mark or range used was the highest point of the hills to the southwest. This mark or
range bears 57® 06^.0 west of true south.
San Bernardino County y Manvel, iSgj. — Observations were made over the center of a stone sunk
below the surface of the ground with a small rock cairn built over the top of this stone. This cairn
was located about 50 feet west of the summit of the first small knoll northeast of the railway station
and northwest of the railway grade beyond the railway station. It is about i 000 or i 200 feet from
the railway station, on a small level plateau. The mark or range used was a telegraph pole north of
the railway station and very nearly in line to the lowest gap in the mountains, which is a little south
of ivest of this magnetic station. This mark or range bears 76° 17^.2 east of true south.
San Bernardino County^ Needles^ i8g^. — The station is about 100 feet south of the longitude
station which is in the northwest comer of the yard around the Catholic church, 38 feet from the
northwest comer of the church. It is about 300 meters from the main track of the Santa Fe Pacific
Railroad, and bears southwest from the depot hotel and office of the railroad. It is marked by a pier.
288 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
CALIFORNIA -Continued.
San Bernardino County, Oro Grande , iSgj. — Observations were made over the center of a quartz
rock, set about 2 feet in the ground, and projecting i inch above the surface. The letters U. S. were
cut in the southeast corner of the top of this stone witli a cross in its center marking the point. The
top of this stone is 8 by 15 inches. It was located 200 meters from the railway station, in a line 20°
east of north of it. The mark or range used was the highest summit of the hills nearly east of this
rock. The point observed upon was the small notch in the smoothest part of the summit. There are
also two summits in these hills, and to the right of the one on which the mark was selected. A narrow
ridge extends to the left a short distance to a gap which connects these hills with higher hills north
of them. This mark or range bears 70° 48''. 9 east of true south. The flag pole on the cupola of a new
schoolhouse bears 22° 36^.4 east of true south.
San Bernardino County^ San Bernardino^ ^Sgy. — Observations were made over the center of a
granite post, 3 feet long, set with its end just above the surface of the ground. This stone is lettered
U. S. with a small hole marking the center, and its top is about 4 inches in diameter. This stone
was located near the middle of the wxst half of the city park, between E and F streets and south of
Sixth street. It is about 16 meters from the fence line on F street, and about 50 meters from the
fence line on Sixth .street, in line with the north face of the pavilion, which is located in the center
of this park. It is 4 feet from the border of the nearest walkway through the park. The mark or
range used was a long, dead tree near the low gap in the mountains north of this granite post. This
mark or range bears 13° 59^.2 west of true north. The foot of a flag pole on a red-roof house, distant
2 blocks, bears 6° 59^.4 west of true north. The northwest point of the tower of the high-school
building, distant 2 blocks, bears 16° 49'. 2 east of true north. The highest mountain peak in the east,
and 5° or 10° w^est of the pavilion, bears 87° 31^.2 east of true north. The cross on the Catholic church
spire, distant i block, bears 15° 44^.2 east of true south. The top of the flag pole on the schoolhouse
across F street, bears 64° 15^.8 west of true south.
San Diego County, Foster, ^^97' — Observations were made over a granite stone 30 inches long,
14 by 5 inches on top, with a small hole marking the center. This stone is set firmly in the ground,
and U. S. is lettered on its south vertical face. This granite stone was located across the valley
nearly southwest from the railway station, 500 feet from the railway in a westerly direction. It is
about 20 feet from the beginning of the steep slope of the mountain. It is just south of and around
the spur of the mountain or small hill which projects into the valley directly across from the railway
station, and west of it. It is also about the middle of the slight wash from the angular ridge between
the above-mentioned spur and the mountain side, and south of it. The mark or range used was a
bush. This mark or range bears 9° 45''. 3 west of true south. The largest bowlder, the only one
near the highest summit in the southwest, bears 33° 08^.3 west of true south.
San Diego County, Occanside, iSgj. — Observations were made over a granite post 2 feet long,
projecting 2 inches above the ground, 4 by 4 inches on top, with a small hole marking the center.
The letters U. S. were cut on the southeast side of the top of this stone. It was placed on the top of
the bluff northwest of the center of the town, and bordering the ocean beach. It is distant 50 feet
from the edge of the bluff, and is 30 feet west of the line of Washington street, the main street of
town, and the first street parallel to the ocean. This stone is approximately on the south line of the
first street north of the flour mill, extending at right angles to the ocean front. There is one house
distant from this stone about 300 feet just across this street and near the railway track, which is
distant 400 feet from the magnetic station. There are two houses on the edge of the bluff south of
this granite post, the nearest of which is distant 250 feet. The mark or range used was the foot of
the flag pole on the cupola of the schoolhouse, the most prominent building on the top of the ridge
to the southeast. This mark or range bears 81 ^^ 16^.2 east of true south. The flag pole on the cupola
of a large business block bears 68° oi''.2 east of true south. The flag pole on the opera house bears
41° 45^.0 east of true south. The highest point of the most distant mountains in the north bears
13° 32^.4 west of true north. The base of a flag pole on a square yellow house bears 57® 37^.8 east of
true north.
San Diego County, San Diego, i8g2. — ^The station is located in the southwest portion of the city
park, 34.33 meters south and 15.44 meters west of the center of the brick longitude transit pier ( 1892).
It is about 150 feet southwest of the point where Seventh and Fir streets w^ould intersect if extended
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIOI^S. 289
CALIFORN lA— Continued.
into the park. It is 508.7 meters north and 32.9 meters west of Davidson's astronomical station of
1 87 1. It is marked by an Oregon pine stub.
San Diego County^ San Diego ^ La Playa, /8g/. — Observations were made over the center of a
redwood post 3 feet long, projecting about i foot out of the ground. The top of this post is 4 by 4
inches, and it is lettered U. S. MAG. on its north face and 1897 on its west vertical face. This post
was located about 4 feet west of a small stub over which Assistant Putnam made observations in 1892
and described elsewhere. Assistant Davidson's station is 18.5 feet north and 11 feet west of this red-
wood post. An excellent range for finding this magnetic station is to get the small, slender smoke-
stack on the small building at the end of the wharf at the quarantine station exactly in line with the
north or smaller tower of the Coronado Hotel. Another range is to get the red bouy on the west side
of the entrance to San Diego Bay in line with the extreme point of the neck of land upon which the
highest house at the entrance is located. This bouy is about midway between the quarantine station
and the light-house. The mark or range used was the flag pole on the center of the cupola of the
Rose well schoolhouse. This mark or range bears 19^ 13^ east of true north. The standpipe above
old town bears 41® 20^.8 east of true north. The center of cupola of San Diego court-house bears
79° 40^.5 east of true north. The large brick stack of the power house, San Diego, bears 80° i6''.o east
of true north. The south and largest cupola of the Coronado Hotel bears 65® 08^.5 east of true south.
Loma light-house bears i® 15''. 5 west of true south.
San Francisco County^ Presidio y iSgS, — Observations were made over the same post and point
over which magnetic observations were made by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1896,
1894, 1893, 1892, 1891, and previous years. The dip station was 31 paces northeast of this station post.
The mark or range used was Table Mountain Peak (Mount Tamalpais, eastern peak). This mark or
range from the center of the station post bears 35® 48^.7 west of true north, from observations by
Assistant Fremont Morse. The mark or range tised by Mr. Morse in 1889 from the center of the
station bears 40° 24^.6 west of true north. For information as to precise location of this station apply
to U. S. C. & G. S. Sub-Office at San Francisco.
[A hundred-meter comparator was laid out in Golden Gate Park in May, 1889, by the party of
Assistant G. Davidson. The ends and subdivisions are marked by granite blocks 10 inches square on
top and projecting about an inch above the ground. The line is on a level lawn, away from the
carriage drives, and is crossed by a foot path near the south end. The north end is protected by a
small grove of trees. From the north stone the south stone bears o® 33'' 04'' west of true south.]
San Joaquin County ^ Stockton ^ ^Sgj. — Observations were made near a smooth, white marble post
4 by 4 inches on top, 4 feet long, and projecting 18 inches above the ground, with a small hole in the
center marking the point. The north vertical face of this marble post is lettered 1897, the east face
MAG. STA., and the west face U. S. C. & G. S. This stone was located in the northwestern corner of
the Rural Cemetery, about 2% miles north of the county court-house. It was placed on a dike 16 feet
from the north fence of the cemetery and 30.5 feet east of its northwest comer, as measured along the
fence line. The azinmth station was over the center of this marble post. The magnetometer station
was in line joining the center of the marble post with the top of the statue on the court-house dome,
and distant 10 feet from the center of this post. The dip station is 50 feet about east of the magnet-
ometer station. The mark or range used was the top of the statue on the (bounty court-house dome.
This mark or range from the stone bears 5® 34''. 6 east of true south. The spire of the central Metho-
dist Episcopal church bears 6° 22^. i east of true south. The cross on the Episcopal church bears
6° 04^.6 east of true south. The top of the roof of a square tank house bears 64° 05^.9 east of true
north.
San Luis Obispo County ^ Port Harford ^ /8p6. —Observations were made over the center of a block
of stone 8 by 10 by 17 inches with its top projecting 2 inches above the ground. This stone was
located on the hillside about 420 meters north of the Marr^ Hotel. It is distant 112 feet from the
water tank, which is in the line from this stone to the hotel. The azimuth observations were made
over this stone, the magnetometer observations in the line joining the center of this stone with the
flag pole on the northwest gable of the railway warehouse on the end of the pier when this line is
extended 22.3 feet. The dip observations were made on a line at right angles to this line and 50 feet
nearer the bay than the magnetometer station through which the line passes. The mark or range
27478 — 02 19
290 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
CALIFORNIA-Continued.
used was the flag pole on the railway warehouse, as already described. This mark or range bears, from
the azimuth station, 7® 04^.5 east of true south. The flag pole on the Hotel Marr6 bears 21® 26^.7 west
of true south.
San Luis Obispo County ^ Santa Margarita^ /8^. — Observations were made over the center of a 6
by 6 inch redwood post 4 feet long set 2)^ feet in the ground. This post is lettered on one of its faces,
U. S. , on a second face, MAG. ST A. , and on a third face, 1896. It was located on a knoll about 500 feet
south of the passenger station of the Southern Pacific Railroad Company. It is on the east edge of
the street line distant 112.6 feet from the near street corner north of it, as measured along this eastern
street line. It is also distant 57 feet from a white-oak tree almost north of it. The azimuth observa-
tions were made over this post, the dip observations in a line joining the center of this post with the
flag pole on the cupola of the schoolhouse and distant 32 feet from it. The magnetometer observa-
tions were made on the same line 18 feet from the post, extended in the opposite direction. The
mark or range used was the base of the flag pole on the cupola of the schoolhouse. This mark or
range bears from the azimuth station 50° 21^.3 east of true north. The north line of the street line
bears 33® 35^.7 west of true north. The flag pole on the circular dance house bears 3® 49^.3 east of true
north.
San Mateo County, Sierra Morena, 1884. — The station is distant 28.5 meters from the geodetic sta-
tion in line with Mount Diablo. The^ geodetic station is reached from Redwood City via county road
through Woodside to the " Mountain Brow House,'* kept by Prank King, who knows the location of
the station. It is about 2% miles south, on the highest knoll in that vicinity. It is marked by a solid
concrete pier extending about 4 feet above the surface of the ground.
Santa Barbara , Los Otivos, 1897. — Observations were made over a white limstone bowlder lyi feet
long, 8 inches thick, projecting 6 inches above the surface of the ground. The top of this stone is lettered
U. S., with a small hole in its center marking the point. This bowlder was located about 800 feet
northeast of the Pacific Coast Railway station, the present terminus of this railway at Los Olivos. It is
near the center of a circular cultivated field, about 850 feet above the sea level, in line between two white
oak trees east and west of it, and distant, respectively, 8 and 28 feet from them. There is a meadow below
the circular hill west and south of this cultivated field. The azimuth observations were made over
this bowlder, and the magnetometer observations on the line joining the center of the bowlder with
the vane on the schoolhouse tower, when this line is extended 39 feet. The dip observations were
made over a point about 50 feet southwest of this bowlder. The mark or rang^ used was the vane
of the schoolhouse tower. This mark or range from the bowlder bears 32° i7^-4 east of true south.
The belfry on the Christian church, distant about one-half mile, bears 50® 13^.4 west of true south.
Santa Barbara County, Santa Barbara, i8gj. — Observations were made over a point near the
magnetic station of 1881, near the beach a little west of the end of the long wharf on Burton Mound,
and near the north end of the Burton House. It is distant 28. 7 feet from the signal pole at Burton, which
is south and west of it. This signal pole is distant 22.5 feet from the northeast corner of the Burton
House. The azimuth observations were made over this point. The magnetometer observations were
made on a line joining this point with the East End Methodist Church spire when this line is
extended 9 feet. The dip observations were made on a line at right angles to this line,- passing
through the azimuth station and 34 feet about west of it. The mark or range used was the steeple
of the East End Methodist Church. This mark or range bears from the azimuth station 37*^ 36^.5
east of true north. The Burton signal pole bears 60° 36^.5 west of true south. The south one of the
two mission towers bears 32® 44^-5 west of true north. The middle one of the electric power-house
smokestacks bears 35® 43'-o east of true north.
Santa Barbara County, Santa Maria, i8g6, — Observations were made over a stone 2% feet long,
set about one-half foot below the surface of the ground. This stone is 5 by 7 inches on top, with a
small hole marking the center. It was located at the NE. corner of the SE. % of sec. 10, T. 10 N.,
R. 34 W. (S. B. M. ) It is in the center of a much-traveled road almost opposite a lane entering this
road at right angles, and in line with the southern fence of this lane. It is distant 30 feet from the
western fence line of the road. It is also distant 54 feet from this fence line when measured on the
line passing through the center of the stone and the flag pole on the grammar-school building when
this line is extended. The observations with the magnetometer were made at a point on this
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 29 1
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
extended line distant 103 feet from the stone. The dip observations were made over a point about
60 feet west and 10 feet north of the stone. The azimuth observations were made over the stone.
The mark or range was the base of the flag pole on the grammar-school building. This mark or range
from the azimuth station bears 52° 04^.0 east of true south. The flag pole on Masonic Hall bears i^ 58^.5
west of true south. The Methodist church spire bears 10® 42^. 2 west of true south. The one-half
section division line in the fence direction bears 89® oy.o east of true south.
Santa Clara County^ Lotna PrUta or Mount Bache^ 1884. — The station is distant 14.63 meters
from the geodetic station, nearly in the direction of Mocho geodetic station. The geodetic station is
situated on the highest peak of the range of mountains forming the boundary line between the
counties of Santa Clara and Santa Cruz. It is locally known as Loma Prieta. It is marked by a
concrete pier 3^ feet high.
Santa Cfura County ^ Mount Hamilton^ Lick Observaiory^ igoi. — ^The station is 78 feet, 29^® west
of magnetic south of the south comer of the Coast and Geodetic Survey astronomical house. It is
marked by a stake, but Professor Campbell, the director, has promised to mark it in a more permanent
manner.
Santa Clara County, Mount Mocho, 1887. — The station is 159 feet 7 inches north of the geodetic
station *' Mocho." It is marked by a wooden post. The mark or range used was the center of the
large dome of the Lick Ob8ervator^' on Mount Hamilton, and bears 26° 57^.6 west of true south.
Santa Clara County, San Jose, /8p6. — Observations for declination and intensity were made over
a small angular bowlder buried a few inches below the surface of the ground. There is a small hole
in the center of a cross in the top of this stone marking the point. The observations for dip and
azimuth were made over a point 50.4 feet distant from this bowlder, in the line joining the center of
the bowlder with the flag pole on the court-house where this line is extended. This bowlder is situated
in Oak Hill Cemetery, about 3 miles south and i mile east of the county court-house. The point over
which the dip and azimuth observations were made is 52 feet westward from the small reservoir (in
the extreme western part of the cemetery), measiured on the central line of this reservoir when this
line is extended. It is also distant 68.6 feet a littie east of north from the comer of the cemetery
boundary fence. The mark or range used was the flag pole on the court-house. This mark or range
bears from the azimuth and dip station 27° 37^.5 west of true north. The flag pole on the Normal
School Building bears 20® 40^.3 west of true north. The center of the reservoir bears 91** 15^.0 east of
true north. The center of the large dome of the Lick Observatory bears 75® 44^.3 east of true north.
Santa Cruz County, Santa Cruz, 7^96.— Observations were made over a honeycombed limestone
bowlder buried a few inches below the surface of the ground. The top of this bowlder is cut away,
leaving a small bench about i yi inches square. A small hole in the center of this bench marks the
point. This bowlder was located on the United States Light-House Reservation, in the line with the
center of the light-house and the flag pole of the reservation when this line is extended. It is distant
108.2 feet from the flagpole, and 42.2 feet from a brick wall near the circular roadway southeast of
this bowlder. Observations for dip were made over a point 50 feet distant from this bowlder in the
line to the Baptist church spire. The mark or range used was the spire of the Twin Lakes Baptist
church. This mark or range bears 60° 35^.1 east of true north. The center of the light-house and
flag pole bears 12® 06^.7 west of true north. The center of the brick wall bears 36^ 26^.4 east of true
south.
Shasta County, Redding, 18^7, — Azimuth observations were made over a hewn granite post 4 feet
long, projecting i>^ feet above the surface of the ground, 11 by 7 inches on top, with a cross marking
the center. This north meridian stone is lettered on its west perpendicular face, U. S. C. & G. S. , on
its east face, MAG. STA., and on its south face, 1897. It was located about three-fourths of a mile
northwestward from the county court-house, and about 800 feet east of the western end of the long curve
which begins at the railway station of the Oregon Division of the Central Pacific Railroad. It is
about 250 feet south of the railway track, and is near the northern edge of the plateau-like bench
between the south bank of the Sacramento River and the hill south of it. Another granite post was
located 700 feet true south of this north meridian stone, with a cross marking its center. This south
meridian stone is lettered on its west vertical face, U. S. C. & G. S., on its north face, 1897, and on its
east face, MER. MARX. The magnetometer station is on the line joining the center of the north stone
292 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
with the center of the head of the statue of Justice on the cupola of the court-house when this line is
extended 15 feet from the center of the stone. The dip station is on the line joining the centers of
the north and south meridian stones, 60 feet south of the center of the north stone. The mark or
range used was the center of the head of the statue of Justice on the cupola of the court-house. This
mark or range from the north meridian stone bears 38° 10^.5 east of true south.
Solano County^ Fairfield ^ iSgy. — Observations were made near a smooth white marble post 4
feet long set 2 feet in the ground, 8 by 8 inches on top, with a cross marking the center. The east
perpendicular face of this post is lettered MAG. STA., and its north face 1897, and its south face
U. S. C. & G. S. This marble post was located i 120 feet west and 2 100 feet south of the county court-
house. It is near the comer of a block, as the town is laid out, 310 feet west of the comer fence of
a field, and 10.7 feet north of the south fence of this field. A similar post to this south meridian
stone was located about i 170 feet true north of it, 12 feet west of the northwest comer of a block
of this town, as laid out. This nortli meridian stone is lettered on its perpendicular south face MER.
MARK, on its west face U. S. C. & G. S., and on its east face 1897. The azimuth station is on the
line joining the center of these two meridian stones, when this line is extended 15 feet south of the
south meridian stone. The magnetometer station is on the line joining the center of the azimuth
station with the flag pole on the court-house, when this line is extended 22.5 feet from the azimuth
station. The dip station is about 50 feet true east of the magnetometer station. The mark or range
used was the flag pole on the county court-house building. This mark or range from azimuth station
bears 27° 53^.4 east of true north. The flag pole on the high school building bears 34° 28^.2 east of
true north. The flag pole on the Masonic House at Suisun bears 30° 36^.6 east of true south. The
tall flag pole at Suisun bears 27^ 55^.6 east of true south. The mark or range from the center of the
south meridian stone bears 28° 03''. 8 east of true north. The flag pole on the high school building
bears 34° 42^.3 east of true north. The flag pole on the Masonic House at Suisun bears 30** 24^.0
east of true south. The tall flag pole at Suisun bears 27® 45^.9 east of true south.
• Solano County y Mare Island Navy-Yard^ iSSj. — Surface stones gone.
^ Sonoma County^ Santa Rosa^ ^^97- — Observations were made over a granite post 5 feet long set
3>f^ feet in the ground, 8 by 8 inches on top, with a small hole in the center marking the point. The
east vertical face of this stone is lettered U. S. C. & G. S., 1897, and the west face MAG. STA. The
post was located in the grounds of the Pacific Methodist College, and 3 feet from the south fence of
the.se grounds. A similar granite post was set 5S6 feet true north of this post near the north fence
of the grounds. This north stone is lettered on its perpendicular west face MERID. MARK, and
on the east face U. S. C. & G. S., 1897. The azimuth station is over the center of the south monu-
ment. The magnetometer station is on the line joining these two monuments 36 feet from the south
monument. The dip station is 60 feet true east of the magnetometer station. The mark or range
used was the tip of the spear in the hand of the statue on the court-house dome. This mark or
range from the south stone bears i® 21^.0 west of true south. The base of the flag pole on the round
tower of the college residence building bears 38® 23^.0 west of true north. The top of the short pole
on the square tower of the main college building bears 32° 57^.0 east of true north.
Stanislaus County^ Modesto^ ^^97- — Observations were made within a few feet of a granite block
12 by 17 by 28 inches, lettered on its top U. S. 1897, Mag. Sta., with a small hole in its center marking
the point. This granite block is firmly set and projects about 10 inches out of the ground. It was
located in the rear part of the Odd Fellows* Cemetery, about three-fourths of a mile northeast of the
county court-house. It is on the line of the northern boundary fence, 52 feet west of the nearest edge
of the brick receiving vault. The azimuth station is on the line joining the center of this stone with
the bottom of the flag pole next to the statue on the court-house, distant 43.4 feet from the center of
the granite block. The magnetometer station is in the same line, distant 9.4 feet from the center
of the granite block. The dip station is 55 feet south of the magnetometer station. The mark or
range used was the bottom of the flag pole next to the statue on the court-house building. This mark
or range from the azimuth station bears 51*' ii''.3 west of true south. The rod on the vane of the
North Methodist Church spire bears 49° 53^.3 west of true south.
Tehama County, Red Bluffy /<?97. —Azimuth observations were made over a hewn granite post
4 feet long, projecting 1% feet above the ground, 6>^ by 7 inches on top, with a cross marking the
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 293
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
center. This north meridian stone is lettered on its north vertical face 1897, on its east face MAG.
STA., and on its west face U. S. C. & G. S. It was located about i}4 miles northwestward from the
county court-house, and is on the line forming the northeastern boundary of Johnson street, and is
about 648 feet from the northwestern boundary line of Breckenridge street. A similar post to this
north meridian stone was located 970 feet true south of it, on the southern edge of the county road.
This south meridian stone is lettered on its west vertical face MER. MARK, and on its south face
1897, and on its north face U. S. C. & G. S. The magnetometer station is on the line joining the
center of the north meridian stone with the flag pole on the belfry of the Red Bluff public school,
when this line is extended 15 feet from the center of the stone. The dip station is on the same line
50 feet from the center of the stone in the direction of the schoolhouse. The mark or range used
was the flag pole on the belfry of the Red Bluff schoolhouse. This mark or range from the north
meridian stone bears 40° 27^.0 east of true south. The spire of the Presb3^erian church bears 67°
19^.7 east of true south. The rod on the town hall belfry bears 66° 08^.3 east of true south. Mount
Lassen Peak bears 61® 32^.0 east of true north. Mount Shasta Peak bears 1° 54^.7 east of true north.
Tulare County^ Visaliay iSgj. — ^There was planted here a hard bluish-looking stone, 10 by 5 by 18
inches, projecting 2 inches above the ground. The top of the stone is lettered U. S. , with a cross
marking the center. This stone was located on the southeast comer of the Visalia cemetery, on the
eastern fence line, 29.6 feet north of the southeast comer of the cemqtery. The azimuth station is in
the line joining the center of this stone with the flag pole on the Visalia public school when this line
is extended 5.5 feet in the cemetery. The magnetometer station is on the same line, 21.7 feet from
the center of the stone, when this line is extended in the cemetery. The dip station is 55 feet north
of the magnetometer station. The mark or range used was the base of the flag pole on the Visalia
public school tower. This mark or range from the azimuth station bears 61° 5c/. 7 east of true south.
The base of the flag pole on the high school building bears 85° 52^.8 east of true north.
Tuolumne County, Mount Conness, /8go. — The station is 20.7 feet west and 57.7 feet north .of the
transit pier (which is 5.07 feet west of the lat. pier) and 28.6 feet east and 81.4 feet north of the vertical
circle pier. The mark or range used was azimuth mark on Mount Hoffman, about 13 >^ miles distant,
and bears 50® 50^.5 west of true south.
Ventura County , Ventura , iSgy. — Observations were made over a point located about one-half a
mile from the seashore on the slope of the hill just back of the mission. The azimuth station is in
the street outside of the ** Hill " or '* Brick ** schoolhouse grounds, 14 feet in front of the retaining
wall forming the division between the grounds and the street, and distant 13. i feet from the southeast
comer of these grounds, measured along this wall. There is a U.-r S. cut into the perpendicular face
of this wall 13. 1 feet from this southeast comer, i^ feet below the top of the wall. A vertical plane
joins the azimuth station with the Methodist church steeple, and passes through this cross on the wall
when this plane is extended 14 feet from the station. The magnetometer station was in this same
plane between the azimuth station and this wall, distant 5 feet from the wall. The dip station is also
in this plane in the school grounds, distant about 30 feet from the wall. The mark or range used was
the Methodist church spire. This mark or range from the azimuth station bears 37® 01^.2 east of true
south. The cross on the mission tower bears 19® 23^.0 east of true south. The high .school tower
bears 70** 19^.2 east of true south.
Yolo County y Woodland , i8g8. — Azimuth observations were made over a hewn granite post 4^
feet long, projecting i %, feet above the ground, 13 by 6 inches on top, with a cross marking the center.
This south meridian stone is lettered on its east vertical face U. S. C. & G. S., on its west face MAG.
STA., and on its south face 1898. It was located in the southwestern part of Woodland, 6yi feet east
of the west line of Lola street and about 277 feet south of the south line of Pendegast street. A
similar post to this south meridian stone was located i 659 feet true north of it, 6>^ feet south of the
north line of Oak street and 2^% feet west of the east line of Lola street. This north meridian post is
lettered on its north vertical face MER. MARK, on its south face U. S. C. & G. S., and on its west
face 1898. The magnetometer station is on the line joining the center of the south meridian post
with the rod on the weather vane of the high school tower when this line is extended 26.5 feet from
the center of the post. The dip station is on the same line 50 feet from the post and south of it. The
mark or range used was the rod on the weather vane of the high school tower. This mark or range.
294 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
CALIFORNIA— Continued.
from the south meridian stone, bears 53® 29^.5 east of true south. The flag pole on the cupola of the
public school bears 7° ^o\^ east of true north.
Yuba County, MarysvilU, ^^97 ^ — Azimuth observations were made over a smooth blue sandstone post
4 feet long, set 1% feet in the ground, 8 by 8 inches on top, with a cross marking the center. This south
meridian stone is lettered on its west perpendicular face MAG. ST A., on its south face 1897, and on its
north face U. S. C. & G. S. It was located three-fourths of a mile northwest of the county court-house at
Marysville; it is also about three-fourths of a mile northeast of the county court-house at Yuba City,
Sutter County, near the western edge of the town of Marysville, about 300 yards north of the railway
to Yuba City and 130 yards west of the levee. A similar post to this south meridian stone was located
350 paces true north of it. This north meridian stone is lettered on its north vertical face U. S. C. & G. S. ,
on its west vertical face MERD. MARK, and on its south face 1897. The magnetometer station was
on the line joining the center of the south meridian stone with the rod on the Presbyterian church
spire when this line is extended about 10 feet from the center of the stone. The dip station is about
10 feet southwest of the magnetometer station. The mark or range used was the rod on the Presby-
terian church spire. This mark or range, from the south meridian stone, bears 59® 25^.0 east of true
south. The cross on the Catholic church spire bears 72® 48^.5 east of true south. The flag pole on
the county court-house bears 63° 37^.0 east of true south. The Methodist church spire bears 51° 35^.0
east of true south.
COLORADO.
Arapahoe County , Denver^ iSgg. —Observations were made over the center of a stake i foot long
and I by I inch on top, driven flush with the ground. This stake was located in the city park, about
2^ miles east of the capitol grounds, in the open space west of the road to the northern entrance of
the park and north of the new lake. It is in the line between the water tower towards Fair Mount,
and Mr. Dwight's bam and is southwest of the bicycle track. This stake is distant about 420, 175,
and 240 feet, respectively, from the southwest comer of an outhouse near the bicycle track, from
the center of the road to the north entrance of the park in an east and west line and from the center
of this road in line to the water tower. This stake is also distant about 550, 350, and 485 feet,
respectively, from the eastern, from the central, and from the western points of the improved plot in
the driveway next to the lake. Three other stakes were driven around this central stake, projecting
I foot above the ground and distant from it 2.60 feet. The northern stake is in line with the Hannon
Church tower, which was used as a mark or range. This Hannon Church tower bears 4^ 23"". 4 east
of true south.
Arapahoe County ^ Gerdts^ igoo. — Observations were made over a cedar post 3 by 4 inches on top,
about 33 inches long, set 28 inches in the ground. This post is located on Gerdt*s ranch on the
Arickaree River, Arapahoe County, 20 miles .south of Yuma and about 50 miles northwest of
Burlington. It is placed on the SE. % sec. 14, T. 4 S., R. 48 W., on the brow of a hill about 100
yards southwest of the ranch house of Gerdt's ranch. The mark or range used was the shaft of the
windmill up the valley to the west. This mark or range bears 84® 00^.9 west of true south. The
shaft of the north windmill of this ranch bears 34® 46^.9 east of true north. The shaft of the south
windmill of this ranch bears 66® 55''. 3 east of true north.
Baca County y Springfield ^ igoo. — Observations were made over a red sandstone post 30 inches
long, set about 29 inches in the ground. The top of this post is lettered U. S. C. S., with a cross in
the center of it. The center of this cross marks the point. This post is in an open space on the west
side of Main street, near the town windmill and water tank. It is distant 118.5 feet and 194.9 feet,
respectively, from the southwest corner of the windmill and from the southeast corner of a house
north of this stone post. The mark or range used was a distant object which bears 12® 03^.6 east of
true south. The flagstaff on the cupola of the schoolhouse bears 70° 53^.1 west of true north. The
gable of the house just north of this post bears 2° 46''. 3 east of true north.
Bent County, West Las Animas, 18S8,— The station is in the lot at the southwest corner of Tenth
street and Carson avenue, 48 feet from the inner edge of the plank sidewalk on Tenth street and 131
feet from the inner edge of the plank sidewalk on Carson avenue. It is marked by a cedar post.
Cheyenne County, Arapahoe, 1892.— TtMt station is in the SE. % NE. % NW. )i NE. % sec. 10.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 295
COLORADO— Continued,
T. 15, R. 42 W. It is about 7 miles southeast of Arapahoe station, on the Union Pacific Railroad, on
the highest hill in the neighborhood. It is marked by a tack in the end of a white oak post.
Cheyenne County^ Cheyenne Wells ^ i8g2. — The station is in the northern part of T. 13 S., R. 45 W.,
about 9 miles northwest of the town on the Union Pacific Railroad. It is marked by a block of lime-
stone II inches square on top, with two intersecting grooves.
Cheyenne County^ Cheyenne Wells, /900. -Observations were made over a copper tack in a cedar
post 5 by 5 inches on top and 3^ feet long, set about 38 inches in the ground. This post is located
about 350 yards northwest of the court-house, just north of the church and the city water tank. It is
distant 142.2, 184,7, ^.nd 197.8 feet, respectively, from the water tank, from the northwest corner
of the church and from the northwest comer of a bam southeast of the station. The mark or range
used was the lightning rod on a house. This mark or range bears 16° 46^.3 west of true south. The
base of the flagstaff on the schoolhouse bears 47° 37^.6 east of true south. The cupola of church near
railway station bears 14® 51^.2 east of true south.
Cheyenne County, First View, 1892,— The station is in the NE. % NE. X NW. % NE. X NW. V
sec. 34, T. 14 S., R. 46 W. It is 221.2 meters south 82° 42^.8 west from the half -section corner at
the center of section line 27 and 34. It is on a hill i ^ miles south by west of First View, a station
on the Union Pacific Railroad. It is marked by a block of soft cream-colored limestone 9 inches thick,
and 9 inches by 12 inches across, with cross marks to mark the exact point.
Cheyenne County, Landsman, 1892. — ^The station is in the NW. corner T. 13 S., R. 46 W. It is
about 9 miles north-northwest from the station First View, on the Union Pacific Railroad. It is
marked by an irregular block of yellowish white sandstone about 5 inches by 10 inches in cross section,
with cross marks.
Cheyenne County, Monotony, 1892.— The station is in the SE. comer NW. X SW. X NW. }^ NE. }4
sec. 8, T. 12 S. , R. 43 W. It is on the highest point of the divide between the north fork of Smoky
Hill River on the north and Sand Creek on tiie south. Mr. A. Eichels knows the location. It is
marked by a piece of white oak fence post.
Conejos County, Coftefos, i8gp. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stub driven flush
witii the ground. This stub was located in the court-house grounds, in the line between the court-
house tower and the bell tower of the schbol building. It is distant 153.5 and 299.2 feet, respectively,
from the southwest and the northwest comers of the court-house building. It is also distant 109.8
feet from the northwest comer of the fence inclosing the court-house grounds. The railway and
express station for Conejos is Antonito, and about i }i miles south of it. The mark or range used was
the intersection of the eastern dormer window roof and the roof of the residence of Mr. Sampson
about five-eighths of a mile distant. This mark or range bears 6° 10^.8 east of true south.
£1 Paso County, Colorado Springs, 1886, — The station is about 100 feet east and 161 feet north of
the astronomical station, which is located in the Experimental Garden about 200 feet west of the east
gate and north of the main walk. The Experimental Garden is just east of the passenger depot of the
Denver and Rio Grande Railroad.
El Paso County, Pikes Peah, i8gs- — ^The station is 69.7 feet from the geodetic station 41® 06^.6
east of true south. The geodetic station is on the summit of the peak and is marked by a hollow
stone and cement pier 12.8 feet high.
Garfield County, Tavaputs, i8gi, — ^The station is in the line Tavaputs geodetic station Treasury
Peak, 35 feet 9 inches from the former. The geodetic station is on the southern edge of Book Moun-
tains about 3 miles from the boundary line between Utah and Colorado. It is about three-fourths
mile east of Bitter Creek which has its .source in a spring \% miles north of the station.
Gunnison Couuty, Gunnison, 1886. — The station is in the court-house yard in the rear of the
court-house 100 feet south and 2 feet west of the astronomical station which is marked by a stone pier.
Gunnison County, Mount Treasury, i8gj. — The station is located on the summit of Treasury
Mountain, a prominent peak in the Elk Mountain range. It is about 500 feet east and 150 feet above
the entrance of the Eureka silver mine. It is 30.73 meters from West Base station to southwest and
626.85 meters from Mount Treasury triangulation station to northwest. The mark or range used was
Snow Mass Peak and bears 11° 08^.1 east of true north.
296 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
COLORADO— Continued.
Hinsdale County, Uncotnpahgre, /8g^.— The station is 26.63 meters almost due south of the
geodetic station. The geodetic station is on the north side of the summit of Uncompahgre Peak
within lo feet of the edge of the perpendicular cliff.
Kiowa County^ Sheridan Lake^ /900.— Observations were made over a cedar stake 5 inches in
diameter and 32 inches long, set about 31 inches in the ground. This station is located between Main
street and the church, approximately in line with the south or front wall of this church. It is distant
1 18. 1 and 100 feet, respectively, from the corner of the church and from the approximate center of
Main street. The mark or range used was the east lightning rod on the first stone building to the
south of the stake. This mark or range bears 2® 52^.5 west of true south. The west lightning rod on
Citizen's Bank bears 20° 12^.3 west of true south. The spire on the cupola of the schoolhouse bears
61° 29^.5 west of true north.
Kit Carson County^ Burlington^ igoo. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a white
cedar post 5 inches in diameter and 42 inches long, set 38 inches in the ground. This post is located
on the vacant lot in the second block north of the court-house. It is distant 279.8, 255.5, &nd 237 8
feet, respectively, from the southwest and northwest corners of the inclosure east of this post and from
the northeast comer of the inclosure west of the post. The mark or range used was the flagstaff on the
court-house. This mark or range bears 1° 25^.6 west of true south. The line, center *' C '* post to the
railway, bears 5 1 ° 04^.0 west of true north. The bottom of the flag pole on schoolhouse bears 90** 48^. i
east of true north.
Lake County^ Mount Elbert^ i8g4, — The station is 10 feet almost due west of the geodetic station.
The geodetic station is on the summit of Mount Elbert, about 7 miles by trail from the Post-Office
Twinlakes (Dayton).
Las Animas County, Trinidad y 1888. — ^The station is almost opposite the Methodist church on
Maple street. It is in the yard of the public high school, 59 feet i inch from the northeast comer of
the school building, 65 feet 2 inches from the inner edge of the sidewalk on Maple street, and 16 feet 9
inches from the inner edge of the plank fence marking the northern boundary of the school grounds.
It is marked by a cedar post.
Logan County y Sterling , igoo, — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 inches on top,
3 feet long, set 33 inches in the ground. The top of this stone is lettered U.'S. C. & G. S., with a
small hole in the center of it. This hole marks the point. This post is located in Mr. G. C. Brown's
pasture, about i>^ to 2 miles west of Sterling. It is placed on the brow of the hill about 500 feet south
of the Sterling and Greeley road. This pasture land is school land, and is leased by Mr. Brown.
The mark or range used was a telegraph pole showing through the draw. This mark or range bears
II® 04^.8 east of true south. The spire of the Presbyterian church bears 86° 25^.4 east of true north.
The spire of the Baptist church bears 85° 15^.6 east of true north.
Mesa County, Chiquita, f8g^. — The station is on the northern rim or brow of Pinon Mesa, about
12 miles southwest of Grand Junction.
Mesa County, Grand Junction, i8gs. — ^The .station is the longitude station of 1886, located in
Cottonwood Park, near the northeast corner. It is marked by three stones, two 6 feet long, 8 inches
square, sunk 3 feet in the ground, and the third placed between them. The third stone is smaller
and is marked on top with two intersecting grooves.
Prowers County, Lamar, /goo. — Observations were made over a copper t^ck in a cedar post 5
inches in diameter and 3 feet long, set 3 feet in the ground. This post is located in the vacant block
adjoining the school building, It is distant 325 feet from the southwest corner of the school building.
It is also distant 163.5, 200, and 233.3 ^^^t, respectively, from the centers of the streets south, west, and
north of this vacant lot. The mark or range used was the center post in the city water tank. This
mark or range bears 28° 23^.9 east of true south. The church spire just below the hill bears 24° 22^.1
east of true north. The tip of the belfry of the schoolhouse bears 85° 25^.7 east of true north.
Pueblo County, Plateau, i8g4. — The station is 70.7 meters from the geodetic station on the line to
Little Pisgah Peak. The geodetic station is on a high plateau about 9 miles north-northeast of
Pueblo, Colo., and 3^^ miles northeast of Overton. (It is on land owned by Mr. Steel. ) It is on the
highest ground at the north end of the plateau. It is 252.2 feet from the north gatepost of the fence
along the east boundary from Mr. Steel's property and 168 feet from the second solid fence post from
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 297
COLORADO— Continued.
the north post of the gate. It is marked with a granite post 6 inches square, on top lettered U. S. C. S. ,
with two intersecting grooves.
Pueblo County, Pueblo, fS^. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stub i foot long
and i}^ by I ^ inches on top, driven about flush with the ground. This stub was located in the
southwest comer of the Mountain View Cemetery, 61.2 feet from the western fence line, 126.3 feet
from the southern fence line of this cemetery, and near Lawrence and Willow avenues. This point is
about 2>^ to 3 miles south of the station where magnetic observations were made in 1888, which is no
longer available. The mark or range u-sed was the southern ridge of Mr. Mahoney's house. This
mark or range bears 31° 19^.9 east of true south.
Saguache County, Mount Ouray, 1894, — ^The station is 50.4 feet almost due north of the geodetic
station. The geodetic station is located on the summit of Mount Ouray on tlie ** Great Continental
Divide.*' It is about 4,000 meters in a northeasterly direction from Marshall Pass railroad station.
Washington County, Akron, 1^00. — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 inches oi
top and 3 feet long, set 34 inches in the ground. The top of this post is lettered U. S. C. & G. S.
with a cross in the center of it. The center of this cross marks the point. This post is located on
the vacant lot west of the brick school building, and in line with the north side of this school
building. It is distant 390 feet from the northwest comer of the school building and 204 feet from
the center of the principal street of the town, which is west of this vacant lot. The mark or range
used was the tip of the cupola on the Methodist chiuxh. This mark or range bears 15^ 35''.8 west of
true south. The tip of the center post on the water tank bears 20° 04^.5 west of true south. The tip
of the belfry on the schoolhouse bears 83° 04^.2 east of true south.
Yunui County, Yuma, igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 inches on top and
3 feet long, set 34 inches in the ground. The top of this post is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. , with a cross
in the center of it. The center of this cross marks the point. This post is located on a vacant lot
about one-half mile south of the Burlington Railway, southeast of the Presb3rterian church, and
northwest of the city water tank. It is distant 270 and 155.9 feet, respectively, from two fire hydrants
near the western edge of Main street. It is distant 287.1 feet from the southeast corner of the
Catholic chmch, which is across the street west of this post. The mark or range used was the tip of
the post on the center of the railway water tank. This mark or range bears 31® 13^.2 east of true
north. The lower part of the spire of the Presbjrterian chiu-ch bears 22® o8'.8 west of true north.
CONNECTICUT.
Hartford County, Hartford, 18^, — The station is located in the large open space in the capitol
grounds northeast of the State capitol, at the foot of the hill and in what was " the new park." The
point is about halfway between the stone bridge and the bridge leading directly to the railroad depot
and about 100 yards from the river. It is marked by a dressed stone post sunk 2 feet in the ground,
with its top flush with the surface. The top of this post measures 4 inches by 4 inches, and is lettered
U. S. C. S. This stone is distant 41 yards from the inner edge of asphalt connecting the two bridges,
and also distant 54 yards from the road leading to the railroad station. The spire of the South Baptist
church bears 49® 57^ east of true south.
Hartford County, Schoolhouse Hill, i8gi. — In the western part of Rocky Hill Township, about 8
miles south of Hartford on the property of Mr. G. W. Codair. It is 222 feet from the northeast corner
of the brick schoolhouse and about 85 feet east of a fence.
Hartford County, Taylor, i8gi. — On Chestnut Hill in South Glastonbury, on the property of
Noel H. Moses. The station is just west of a single row of apple trees running north and south across
the top of the hill and about 89 feet from the west fence, 472.5 feet from north fence, and 294.3 feet
from the south fence of the field.
Middlesex County, Westfield, i8gi. — About a mile and a half south of Westfield in the north-
western part of Middletown Township, on land. of Ebenezer Bacon. The station is in a field with
numerous apple trees, 13^ feet from the east fence and 191 feet from the south fence.
New Haven County, New Haven, i8gs- — The station is located in the grounds of the Yale Astro-
nomical Observatory, 205 feet 9*^ inches due north of the center of the transit of the observatory.
The exact point is marked by a copper tack in the end of a solid red cedar post 2% feet long, sunk
flush with the surface of the ground.
298 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
DELAWARE.
Kent County, Bombay Hook, 7^99. —The station is in a field on the beach in the line joining Duck
Creek Light and Woodland Beach Hotel. It is about 500 feet south of a stunted tree near the tide
line and about five-eighths mile from the hotel.
Kent County, Dover, 1S97. — Station is in the east half of the public park near the center of the
town. The exact point is marked by a pine stake driven flush witli the surface of ground. The stake
is about I meter north of the line of the south fence of the capitol building and about 30 meters west of
its west fence. It is also about 5 meters southwest of the large elm tree which stands at the eastern
edge of the park, a little south of the front entrance to the capitol.
Kent County, Harrington, i8gg. — ^The station is located in the northwest comer of the white pub-
lic school, the exact point being marked by a tent peg. This peg is 19.6 feet south of the north fence,
28.6 feet from the comer, and 14.2 feet from the west fence.
Newcastle County, Newark, iS^, — ^The station is on the farm of the Lewis heirs, three-fourths
mile from depot, south of Delaware avenue about 350 feet, and about 400 feet east of South Col-
lege avenue. A stake 9 paces south of the north fence, and 8 paces east of the comer back from Dela-
ware avenue, marks the exact point.
Sussex County, Cape Henlopen, 188^. — ^The station is located among the sand hills west of United
States Signal Service tower and Cape Henlopen Light-House; 336 feet from the former and 709 feet
from the latter.
Sussex County^ Dagsboro, i8gg. — ^The station is 500 yards north of Pepper Creek Ditch bridge,
no yards back from the road on a line at right angles to the road, between the second and third
houses from Lingo and Lingo's.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
Washington, igoi. — ^The small magnetic observatory in the yard adjoiniug the Coast and Geodetic
Survey Office. ,
FLORIDA.
Ataehua County, Gainesville, igoo. —Observations were made over a point on the campus of the
seminary, across University street. This point is directly in front of the center of the dormitory,
near the south side of the campus, 32 feet from East Church street, loi }i feet from University street,
and 97^ feet from the street on the east side of the campus. It is also about 1200 feet north and 500
feet east of the court-house building. The mark or range used was the spire of the Baptist church.
This mark or range bears 5® ii^6 west of true south.
Brevard County, Bell, 1883. — ^The station is on the west shore of Indian River, 4 meters west of
Jie shore line, 70 meters south of the mouth of Taylor Creek, and 570 feet east of Mr. Alexander
Bell's house. It is marked by a block of coquina.
Columbia County, Lake City, igoo, — Observations were made over a point in the open lot two
squares west of the court-house. This point is distant 141, 80, and no feet, respectively, from the
north side of the street north, from the west side of the street west, and from the Catholic church
southeast of this point. A stub was driven close against the fence on the south side of the second
street south of station to mark the true meridian. The mark or range used was the belfry of the
Episcopal church. This mark or range bears i^ 57^.6 west of true south.
Dade County, House of Refuge No, 2, 1883. — The station is upon the ocean side of Hutchinson
Island, about 9 meters from the sea wall and 18 meters north of the northeast corner of the house of
refuge. It is marked by a coquina stone 6 inches square, projecting about 6 inches above the ground.
Dade County^ Hills, 1884. — The station is on the north side of Hillsboro Inlet, on the bluff that
runs down to the inlet, about 25 meters from the end and some 25 meters from the high water line
on the outside beach. Mr. Steve Andrews, keeper of the House of Refuge No. 3, knows the locality.
It is marked by a coquina stone 6 inches square, projecting about 4 inches above the ground.
Dade County, Spencer, 1884, — The station is on the northern one of the three shell mounds, known
as "Spencer Hill,'* on the east shore of Lake Worth. It is about 75 meters back from the ocean bluff
and 25 meters north of the 20-mile post from House of Refuge No. 3. It is on land owned by Mr.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 299
FLORIDA— Continued.
Spencer, and the location of the station is well known to him. It is marked by a coquina stone 6
inches square^ projecting about 4 inches above the surface of the ground.
Duval County, Baldwin, igoo. — Observations were made pver an oak peg located nearly in line
with the west side of Center street. It is distant 48 feet from the fence at the east side of Center
street and 134 feet north of the north side of Moody street. Baldwin Triangulation Station is on the
edge of the railroad track, just west of the railway eating house at Baldwin. The latitude and longitude
of this peg, as reduced from this triangulation point of the transpeninsula triangulation, are: Latitude,
30° iy.2 north; longitude, 81° 58^.4 west of Greenwich. The mark or range used was the lightning
rod on the chimney of the two-story house on the west side of Center street. This mark or range
bears 5° 29^.4 west of true south.
Duval County, Jacksonville, igoo. — Observations were made over an oak peg located inside the
race track of the Jacksonville Driving Club, which is at the northwest comer of the intersection of
Hogan street and Eighth street, known as the shell road. This peg is a little east of the center of the
inclosure, in line with the west end of the grand stand, and 202 feet north of the fence inside the race
track. It is about 320 feet north of Eighth street and 425 feet west of Hogan street. The mark or
range used was the pinnacle of the water tower showing just east of the grand stand. This mark
or range bears 10° 52'' east of true south.
Escamhia County, Devils Point, 1894. — ^The station is about 100 yards from the end of Devils
Point, on land owned by Dr. Brosenham. It is near the comer of a picket fence. It is marked by a
drain tile filled with cement.
Escambia County ^ Pensacola Navy-Yard, /poo.— Observations were made over a pine stub, 200
feet east of the east face of the chapel at the Pensacola Navy-Yard, 116 feet from the fence west of this
peg, and I76>^ feet from the fence north of it. Two thumb tacks were driven to mark the true meridian
line, one on the top rail of the fence to the north, and the other in the sill of the east window of the
dynamo room, to the south of this peg. The stub is distant 19 feet from a live oak tree, a little west
of south of it. The mark or range used was the northwest corner of a small two-story building,
No. 14, at the comer of South and Center avenues. This mark or range bears 27** 31^.2 west of true
south. The center of the navy-yajrd chimney bears 8** 15^.2 west of true south. The navy-yard
flag pole bears 34® 25^.7 west of tme south.
HiUshoro County, Tampa, /88/.— The station is in the southeast comer of the court-house
square. It is marked by a wooden stub 11 feet from the Lafayette street fence and 15.5 feet from the
Monroe street fence.
Jackson County, Matianna, igoo, — Observations were made over an oak peg located in the large
lot in the rear of the house of Mr. Pinlayson and northwest of the railroad station. The peg is about
the middle of this Ic^,' at the foot of the steepest slope of the hill. It is distant 186 feet from the
fence of the pear orchard to the east, 230 feet from the property of Mr. Merritt to the west, 166 feet
from the comer of Mr. Finlayson's shed, and about 5o>:> feet from the railroad. The mark or range
used was the east gable of the house on the hill beyx>nd the rail^'ay. This mark or range bears
4® 23^.6 west of true south.
Leon County, Tallahassee, /poo.— Observations were made over an oak peg located in the grounds
of the West Florida Seminary. It is on the north side of the seminary grounds, 50 feet from McCarty
street and 277 feet west of the street west of this peg. The mark or range used was the northeast
corner of the seminary building, the stone top of the foundation, about 225 feet distant. This mark
or range bears 46® 39^ east of true south. The center of the tower of the court-house bears 79® 49^
east of true south.
Levy County, Cedar Keys, /poo.— Observations were made over the same point used for
observations in 1887, east of the Suwanee House and 34 meters due south of the Transit of Venus pier.
The point is marked by a hard-pine peg. The mark or range used was the southeast comer of the
fish house on the wharf. This mark or range bears 7^ 24^.9 east of true south.
Madison County, Madison, 1900. — Observations were made over an oak peg driven flush with
the ground, located in the park north of the court-house, just east of the band stand. It is distan
62.5 feet from the east fence 98.2 feet from the south fence, and 29.5 feet from the band stand.
Another peg was set about 5 feet true south from the south line of the court-house grounds and
300 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
FLORIDA— Continued.
about 15 feet from the standpipe. The mark or range used was the northwest comer of the court-
house. This mark or range bears 14° 22^.5 west of true south. The tangent to the east side of the
standpipe bears 5° 08^.5 east of true south.
Monroe County^ Key West^ i8g6. — The station is in the grounds of the Key West barracks, at the
extreme northeast of the town, on the shore. It is in line with the 'east side of the hospital building.
It is distant 24.12 and 30 meters, respectively, from brick posts at the northeast and northwest comers
of the porch of the hospital, also 20.9 meters from the north fence of barracks.
Nassau County y Femandina, igoo. — Observations were made over a hard-pine stub, on a hill
about I 200 feet north of Main street and three-fourths of a mile west of Amelia Island light-house.
This peg is 55 feet south of the remains of a hedge, 300 feet north of the second street north of the
main street, and about the same distance east of the street running north, by the water works. The
mark or range used was the west edge of the standpipe. This mark or range bears 20® 41^.6 east of
true south. The court-house bears 63® 22^ west of true south.
Putnam Countyy Palatkay igoo, — Observations were made over an oak peg situated on a vacant
lot overlooking the river, at the comer of Hotel and River streets. This peg is 180 feet northwest of
the fence line of River street and i33>^ feet southwest of Hotel street. The mark or range used was
the outer edge of outer pile on the end of a lumber wharf. This mark or range bears 11® 59^.3 east
of true south.
St, Johns County y St. Augustine y igoo, — Observations were made over a hard>pine peg located in
the grounds of Fort Marion, about 350 feet nearly north of the city gates. The peg is distant 169 feet
and 130 feet, respectively, from a fence west and from a fence north of il. The mark or range used
was the southwest corner of the fort. This mark or range bears 41® 01^.9 west of true south. The
ball on the western gate bears 10° v/. i west of true south.
Santa Rosa Countyy Lindsay y 18^4, — The station is on the west shore of Blackwater Bay and 20
feet outside of the fence line of Mr. Lindsay's land. It is marked by a 4-inch screw pile 6 feet long,
projecting 4 inches above the surface of the ground.
Santa Rosa Countyy Mill Pointy 18^4. — The station is on the northern one of the two points at
the entrance of East River into East Bay, called Millers Mill Point. It is 150 feet from the two cedar
trees at the end of the point and 50 feet inside of high-water line.
Santa Rosa County y Pondy i8gs. — The station is on the south one of the two points at the entrance
of East River into the bay. It is on the beach, 10 feet from high-water mark and 20 feet from the
bayou running back of the point. It is marked by a 4-inch drain tile filled with cement and set so as
to leave about 4 inches projecting above the surface of the ground.
Santa Rosa Countyy Sand Stringy 18^4, — The station is located on the east side of Escambia Bay
on a string of hard sand which separates the bay from a laige salt marsh. Marked by a drain tile
filled with cement.
Santa Rosa Countyy Shield Pointy i8gs. — The station is on the west shore of upper Blackwater
Bay, on the point of the same name. It is about 15 feet inside of the high water line and about the
same distance from a bluif which rises just back of the shore. It is marked by a 4-inch drain pipe
filled with cement and set in the ground so as to leave about 6 inches project.
Taylor Countyy Perry y igoo. — Observations were made over a hard-pine peg located in an open lot
a short distance northeast of the court-house. This peg is approximately 7 feet north and 52 feet east
of the street lines. This lot is i square east of the court-house square, and the street south of it runs
along the northern edge of the comt-house square. The mark or range used was the east gable of a
small shed. This mark or range bears 1° 24^.2 east of true south. The pole on the court-house bears
69° 14^.2 west of true south.
Walton Countyy De Funiak Springs y igoo. — Observations were made over a pine stub located in
the grounds of the Chautauqua Association. It is placed nearly in line with the east end of the Chau-
tauqua Hotel, about 50 feet from the lake and 227 feet from the street. It is distant 23 feet south of
the nearest oak tree and about 350 feet from the railroad station. A stake was set on the opposite side
of the lake to mark the true meridian line. Mr. Stevens, a local surveyor, knows the exact location of
these stakes. The mark or range used was the cross on the church belfry. This mark or range bears
30° 25^ west of true south.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 30I
GEORGIA.
Baldwin County ^ Milledgeville^ igoo, — Observations were made over a peg driven flash with the
ground f located in the old capitol grounds, which are now the grounds of the Middle Georgia Military
and Agricultural College. This peg is distant 81 feet 4 inches and 124 feet, respectively, from the
fence east and from the street south of the point It is also distant 26 feet 5 inches and about 275
feet, respectively, from a tree northwest of the peg and from a comer of the old capitol building.
The mark or range used was the center of the dome of the State asylum. This mark or range bears
5° 02^.8 east of true south. The spire of Trinity church bears 68° 13^.7 west of true south. The
northwest corner of the capitol building bears 5® 25^.8 west of true north.
Bibb County y Macon ^ igoo, — Observations were made over a point in Central City Park. This
point is inside of the race track, about 175 feet from the track and directly in line between the middle
door of the main exhibition hall and the east flag pole on the stand west of the track. The point is
nearly in line with the prolongation of Walnut street. The mark or range used was the east flag pole
on the stand west of the race track. This mark or range bears 0° 59^.6 east of true south.
Chatham County ^ Sdzfannah, 7^95.— The station is on Hutchinson*s Island, opposite Savannah,
in range of the steeples of the Exchange and the Presbyterian church. It is in a cluster of large
pine trees just south of the second embankment parallel to the river.
Dougherty County y Albany ^ jgoo. — Observations were made over an oak tent peg, driven flush
with the ground, located in the court-house grounds, near its north end. It is distant 15.6, 41.6, 58,
and 152 feet, respectively, from the footpath east, from the fence north, from the fence west, and
from the northwest corner of the foundation of the court-house building, south of this peg. The
mark or range used was the base of the flagstaff on the Mayer & Grine building. This mark or
range bears 28° 40^.7 east of true south. The northwest comer of the court-house building bears
I® 55^.3 west of true south. The base of the flagstaff on the New Albany Hotel bears 34® 38^.8 west
of true south.
Floyd County y Romey i8g6. — ^The station is in the southwestern suburbs of the city, in the center
of a knoll near the intersection of Pennington avenue and Cemetery street. It is marked by a yellow
pine post sunk two feet in the ground, flush with the surface of the ground. The post is distant 75
feet from a line of breastworks built around the knoll. It is also distant 60 feet from a blazed pine
tree and about 250 yards from the intersecting streets.
Fulton County y Atlantay i8g6. — The station is located in the southeast part of the city, in the
southwest comer of the L. P. Grant park. It is marked by a hard pine stub driven flush with the
surface of the ground. It is in a level oval lawn, graded ground, with hills east and west. It is
distant 15 meters from the center of a double gum tree and almost due north 23.4 meters from a
poplar tree at the south side of the park.
Glynn County y Brunsivicky 1887. — ^The station is in the large open square at the comer of
Gloucester and Newcastle streets, west of the corner. It is distant 50 meters and 30 meters, respec-
tively, from the outer edge of the curbstones along Gloucester and Newcastle streets.
Mcintosh County y Cedar Pointy igo2. — ^The station is on the property of Capt. W. H. Atwood,
known as Cedar Point Plantation. It is about 20 meters north of a small gully just north of the
residence of Captain Atwood, about 10 meters back from the creek bank, on the edge of a clump of
small cedars.
Macon County y OglethofpCy igoo. — Observations were made over a tent pin, driven flush with the
ground, located on the square bounded by Sumter, Cuyler, Anderson, and Macon streets, in the open
space in the rear of the Baptist church. The point is about i 000 feet northwest of the court-house
building. It is distant 55, 87, 103, and 160 feet, respectively, from the line of the south side of the
church, from the line of Anderson street, from the line of Macon street, and from the east comer of
the church. The mark or range used was the center of the cupola of the schoolhouse building.
This mark or range bears 25® 34^.4 west of true south. The center of the court-house cupola bears
28® 43^.6. east of true south. The east comer of the foundation of the church bears 70° 06^.4 west of
true south.
Mitchell County y Pelhanty igoo. — Observations were made over an oak tent peg, located in an
open field belonging to G. P. Hand, three squares west of the railroad. It is distant 88 feet south of
the street line and 165 feet west of the street line and 400 feet north of the Baptist Church. The mark
302 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
GEORGIA— Continued.
or range used was the northeast comer of the foundation of the Baptist church. This mark or range
bears 10° 02^.2 east of true south.
Richmond County^ Augusta^ igoo, — Observations were made over an oak stub driven flush with
the ground, located in May Park, at the eastern end of the city, between Third and Kourth streets and
Watkins and Calhoun streets. This peg is near the middle of the west side of the park, 3 134 feet east
of the post-office and is 2 903 feet south of the post-office. It is distant 25 feet and 9 inches, 49 feet,
17 feet and 11 inches, 79 feet, and 49 feet, respectively, from a walk west, from a fence west, from a
walk east, from a magnolia tree northeast, and from a magnolia tree south of this peg. The mark or
range used was the edge of a house chimney. This mark or range bears 34° 27^.2 west of true south.
The vane on the church spire of the Thankful Baptist church bears 61° 03^.7 east of true north.
Thomas County, Thomasville, igoo. — Observations were made over an oak peg driven flush with
the surface of the ground, located in the grounds of the Piney Woods Hotel. This peg is located in
the north side of the grounds, directly across the street from the Randall House, almost in line between
the southwest corner of the Randall House and the northwest comer of the Piney Woods Hotel. It
is distant 59.6, 55.5, and 172.8 feet, respectively, from the north fence of these grounds, from the
nearest point on the board walk east of the peg, and from the northwest comer of the Piney Woods
Hotel. The mark or range used was the northwest comer of the base of the central projection of the
Piney Woods Hotel. This mark or range bears 39° 04"^. 6 east of true south.
Warren County , Warrenton, igoo. — Observations were made over a point located in the park in
which are situated the Baptist church and the public school. It is northwest of the church and is south-
west of the schoolhouse. This point is distant 42 feet 6 inches from a stone post northwest of it. It is
also distant 1 10 feet 6 inches and 147 feet, respectively, from the northwest corner of the Baptist church
and from the southwest comer of the schoolhouse. The mark or range used was the northwest comer
of the first house from the west on the south side of the park. This mark or range bears 6^ 48^.8 west
of true south.
Ware County f WaycrosSy 1887. — ^The station is on the edge of the woods north and west of the
Grand Central Hotel, west of the Atlantic Coast Line station. It is about 34 meters west of the north
and south street passing along the west side of the Grand Central Hotel and on the prolongation of
the center line of the first street north of the hotel.
Wayne County, Jesup, i88j. — ^The station is in the northwest comer of the large garden in the
rear of the Altamaha Hotel, a railroad hotel. It is distant 10 and 20 meters, respectively, from the
northwest and southwest fences around the garden.
HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.
Hatuaii Island, Kilauea, igoo. — Near the triangulation stone opposite the ** Volcano House,'*
Kilauea, 94.2 feet, 53*^ 06^ east of true south of northeast edge of triangulation monument. Bottom
of flagstaff on the hotel bears 17® 14^ west of true north from magnetic station.
Hawaii Island, Napoopoo, i8g2. — With the aid of a map and verbal instructions at the Govern-
ment Survey Office in Honolulu, Mr. Preston was able to find the spot where the g^at navigator.
Cook, had his observatory in 1779, and the magnetic instruments were placed practically in the same
locality.
Hawaii Island, Kalaieha, i8g2. — Kalaieha is situated on the Humuula ranch, which contains
237 000 acres, including a part of Hamakua. The tract runs down to the sea on the windward side,
and extends from the summit of Mauna Loa on the south to Mauna Kea on the north. The pendulum
receiver was mounted on a large rock about 100 feet west of the house farthest to the west, and the
latitude pier was within 2 or 3 feet of the pendulum in a southeast direction. The magnetic station
was 200 feet due north of the pendulum. A general view of Kalaieha is shown in illustration No. 32,
Appendix 12, Report for 1893.
Hawaii Island, Hilo, igoo. — ^The magnetic station at this port is the triangulation station " Mo-
kuola '* near the northern end of Cocoanut Island, which is used by the health authorities as a quar-
antine station. The station is marked by a granite block set in a triangular foundation of concrete
about 4 feet on a side and 18 inches above the ground. The foundation is inscribed "Bureau of Public
Lands. A. B. Lobenstein 1896," and has one apex pointing toward true north. This station was
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 303
HAWAIIAN ISLANDS— Continued.
occupied by Assistant E. D. Preston in July and August, 1892. and by several previous observers. The
entire island and coast in this vicinity is magnetic lava rock, making the exact location of an old
station essential.
Hawaii Island ^ Waiau^ i8g2. — On the banks of Lake Waiau (on the summit plateau of Mauna
Kea), 125 feet west of Mr. Preston's latitude station and about 20 feet from the water's edge; elevation
about 13 000 feet. See Appendix 12, Report for 1893.
Hawaii Island ^ Waintea, iSgs, — One station was at the west end of the base line of the Govern-
ment survey at this place, and the other was identical with the station occupied in 1872 by Mr. C. J.
Lyons, near his homestead.
Hazvaii Island, Kawaihae^ /^Jp^.— Situated on the property of the Hon. Samuel Parker, between
the boat landing and the Heiau of Kamehameha Island, and about one-third the distance from Heiau.
The magnetic station was about 20 yards southeast of the latitude station. For precise situation, see
Appendix 12, Report for 1893.
Maui Island^ Lahaina^ igoo, — The station of 1900 is the same as that of 1892, occupied by
Mr. Preston, viz, on the lawn in the rear of the court-house, 92 feet from the north comer of the court-
house and no feet from the east corner of the bam with stucco walls. The dip circle was shifted a
few feet from its old position in 1892 in order to secure the shade of a large banyan tree and some
mangoes, so that it was distant from the magnetometer station 58.5 feet, and bears 130^ 19^ east of true
north.
Maui Island, Kahului, i8gg. The magnetometer was on the first prominent sand dune (at)out 6
or 7 feet high) east of Kahului, and about 200 feet back from the beach, in range with the north end
of the ridge of a dwelling used by company employees, and lowest angle visible in lao Valley. The
dip circle was in a small hollow on southeast side of same mound and on range with south end of ridge
of same dwelling and lowest angle in sky line of lao Valley. The magnetometer station was marked
by a subsurface mark of a bottle in cement and a similar surface mark. The soil is a coral sand,
covered with sparse grass and vines, sufficient to prevent drifting. The station is well above the
highest seas, and apparently free from all disturbing influences. The position of the dip circle was
marked by a wooden stub. It is 3 feet east of line from magnetometer to two chimneys of pumping
station across the lake.
Oahu Island, JVaikiki, i8gi. — ^The station was situated near the astronomical observatory for
latitude observations and on the property of Mr. J. F. Bi^own, the precise point being 90 feet south of
center of observatory and 18 feet west of it.
Oahu Island, Honolulu, igoo. — In the public yard near the Government survey building. The
precise point is marked by a wooden stake with a nail in the top of it and can be pointed out by
members of the Hawaiian survey office. The azimuth mark is the triangulation mark on Pimch
Bowl, the geodetic azimuth of which, according to Prof. Curtis J. Lyons, is 55® I9''.5 east of true north.
Oahu Island, Sisal, igoo. — Sisal is the first railroad station on the Oahu Railroad west of Eva
Mill station. The immense coral plain, on the south side of Oahu Island, between Pearl Harbor and
Barbers Point (Kalaeloa Point), extends at this point to the railroad and somewhat beyond.
The first station (A) was situated near the highest point, about a half mile south of the railroad
track, the place being known as "Jim's Hill." The station was marked by a stake with stones piled
around it. Nothing but coral rocks on all sides, with practically no stratum of soil.
The second station was in the back yard of Mr. Turner, manager of the Sisal plantation, and is
marked by a hole drilled in a large coral rock projecting a few inches above the ground.
Oahu Island, Sisal, Coast and Geodetic Survey Magnetic Observatory, igoi. — ^The observatory is
situated about three-fourths of a mile south of the house at Sisal Railroad station, occupied by Mr.
Turner, manager of the Sisal plantation. Mr. J. A. Fleming made magnetic observations at a number
of points in this vicinity, in addition to those of Dr. L. A. Bauer, in order to determine the most suitable
site of the magnetic observatory. The principal station at Sisal is of com-se the magnetic observatory,
Oahu Island, Puuloa Point, entrance of Pearl Harbor, igoo. — ^The station is in the yard back of
the abandoned salt works at the entrance oi Pearl Harbor. The precise point is marked by a stake
1 14.7 feet, 47° west of true north, from center of triangulation pier, 37.5 feet from northeast comer of
lot as marked by wooden fence, 23 feet from east fence, and 29.4 feet from north fence.
304 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
HAWAIIAN ISLANDS— Continued.
The brick pier is the same as used by Mr. Preston for his latitude obser\'ations in 1887. The
geological formation consists of sand covering coral rocks.
Oahu Island, Puuloa Railroad Station, igoo, — In the field south of waiting station and about 150
yards from the track. The observations were made at this point on the way to Puuloa Point (entrance
of Pearl Harbor). Soil not adapted for plantation purposes and overgrown at present with prickly
bushes and stunted algoroba trees.
Oahu Island, HonouHuli Ranch, igoo. — The location of this station can best be seen by reference
to the map of the Eva Mill plantation. The ranch can be reached either from railroad station Hon-
ouliuli, and directions given at the ranch house, or from Eva Mill station, and the necessary directions
obtained from the office of the Eva Mill plantation. On the map the field in which the observations
were made is bounded on the west by section C, on the north by sections A and B, and on the south
by sections A and C. An avenue leads from the pump house south across the railroad track, thence
between the cane plantations, and passes the ranch field on the west side of the field at somewhat less
than one-half mile from the railroad track. This field is very stony and has but a thin stratum of red
soil on it, is covered at present by algoroba trees and bushes, and used only for grazing. Station B
was placed in line with Station A and a distant peak, the two stations being about 200 yards distant
from each other, and were occupied by Dr. L. A. Bauer mainly for the purpose of determining the
most suitable magnetic observatory site.
Oahu Island, Kahuku Ranch, /900. —Situated in the yard on the north side (i. e., toward the rail-
road track ) of the dwelling house occupied by the manager of the Kahuku Ranch, about half way
between novtheast edge of house and northwest comer of stone wall of yard, 4 paces west of algoroba
tree and 23 paces east of west stone wall.
The precise spot has been marked by a stone set fiush with the ground with a hole drilled in the
middle, the center of the hole being 73.82 feet from northeast edge of the spring house, 112.48 feet
from northwest edge of small extension to dwelling house, and 145.32 feet from northeast edge of
house.
Kahuku Ranch is about 4 miles this side of present terminus of Oahu Railroad, which is called
Kahuku station. The geological fonnation appears to consist almost entirely of coral layers. This
station is doubtless within a few feet of that of Mr. E. D. Preston as occupied by him in November,
1891.
Niihau Island, Nonapapa^ 1892. — ^The station was 350 feet distant from the large crane at the
steamer landing, the direction from the crane to the magnetic station being 18^ east of south.
Kauai Island, IVaimea Bay, /^pp.— The first station, A, was made near the old Transit of Venus
station, occupied by the English party in 1874, and reoccupied by Mr. Preston, in 1887, while deter-
mining astronomical latitudes for the Hawaiian Government. As it was feared that local attraction
might have influenced the work at the preceding station, a second station was made at Thomycroft.
This station was designated as Waimea '* B,'' and is situated nearer the sea, on a level piece of land,
with no rocks in the immediate neighborhood. It is on what is known as the Rowell property, and
is about one-eighth of a mile west of the house. The station is i 015 feet north and 2 828 feet west
of the Transit of Venus pier. This is taken from a large scale map made by Mr. William Rowell, and
is correct within a few feet.
ILLINOIS.
Cook County ^ Chicago, Old University, 1888. —The station is in the grounds of the old Chicago
University, 45.5 yards from the fence along the College Place street, and 31.8 yards east of the fence
along Rhodes avenue. It is marked by a stub sunk flush with the surface of the ground.
Cook County, Chicago, near water tower, /8g/.—The station is in the vacant grounds north of the
waterworks grounds at the foot of Chicago avenue. It is about 625 feet north and 230 feet east of the
stone water tower.
Cook County, Chicago, Lincoln Park, /goo.— The station is near the south end of Lincoln Park,
between the athletic field and the lake. It is 123 feet from the southeast end of the lagoon (measured
from the topmost stone of the embankment) and i23>^ feet southwest from the lake-shore driveway.
It is marked by a post of Bedford stone, 6 inches square, lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S., and sunk
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 305
ILLINOIS— Continued.
6 inches below the surface of the ground. The mark or range was a church spire, and bears 87° 35^.3
west of true south.
Hamilton County, McLeansboro, 1900. — ^The station is in the town cemetery, about 300 feet
southeast of the northwest comer. It is in the middle of a drive running north and south. It is 12.7
feet south and 27 feet east of the southeast comer of the Morris lot. It is marked by a white limestone
post of cross-section, 4 inches by 8 inches, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. This stone is sunk 2 inches
below the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the spire on the Catholic church, and
bears 39° 54-^ west of true north. The tip of the town water tank bears 59° 45^.4 west of true north.
Lasalle County, Ottawa, /Sg/.—The station is in the southwestern quarter of the city in the
Ottawa cemetery. It is on the bluff just over the river in what would be the center of the road which
runs through the Catholic section of the cemetery if the road were extended to the edge of the bluff.
It is between the "Matthews section" on the east and the "Simon section" on the west. It is
marked by a drill hole in a dressed limestone post sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The
cupola of the Ottawa flour mill bears 63° 22''. i east of trae north.
McLean County, Blootnington, i8gi. — ^The station is in the northwest comer of the grounds of
the Illinois State Normal University, 60 feet south of the north fence and 14 1.2 feet east of the west
fence. It is marked by a drill hole in the top of a limestone post projecting 4 inches above the
ground, and lettered on top U. S. The spire on the main btiilding of the university bears 44° 30^.5
east of true south.
Manon County, Sandoval^ i8g6. — ^The station is located in St. Lawrence Catholic churchyard,
35.8 feet northeast of the northeast corner of St. Lawrence Catholic church, and 17 feet west of the
plank fence on the east side of the churchyard. It is marked by a pine stub.
Sangamon County, Springfield, iSgi. — Observations were made over the intersection of the
grooves in the top of a limestone post T% inches square, lettered on top U. S. C. S., and sunk
flush with the surface of the ground. This stone is in the southeast corner of the grounds of the
Lincoln monument, quite near to the eastern one of the line of evergreen trees planted at right angles
to the road leading to the monument. The tree nearest the station is a Norway spruce. It is next to
the road leading to the cemetery proper. The tip of the ear of horse on the cavalry group on monu-
ment (only one ear shows) bears 27° 34^^.5 west of true north.
Vermilion County, Danville, igoo. — ^The station is near the southwest corner of the grounds of the
National Soldiers* Home, about two miles east of the center of the town, over the south stone of
the meridian line. This is a limestone post ^}i feet long by 8 inches square, lettered on top
U. S. C. & G. S. It is 30 meters north of the center of the public road, which runs by the south
side of the grounds, and is also 29 meters east of the west line of this property. The north meridian
stone is similar and similarly lettered, 429.7 meters distant. The mark or range used was the flag-
staff on the center of the roof of the headquarters building, and bears 3° i8''.9 west of true north.
Washington County, Nashville, igoo. — ^The station is located in the Masonic cemetery, in the
drive north of block 6. It is on the south side of the drive, 55 feet west of the northeast comer of the
block. It is marked by a white limestone post, 6 by 8 inches, and lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S.
The mark or range used was the flagstaff on the schoolhouse, and bears 21° 36^ west of true north.
The German Presbjlerian church spire bears 13® 30''.8 east of true north.
Winnebago County, Rockford, /8g/.— The station is in the large open space in Cedar Bluff Ceme-
tery, 23.6 feet from the northern fence, and would be 4 feet east of the eastern edge of the central
road which runs through the cemetery if it was extended to the northern boundary of the cemetery.
It is marked by a dressed limestone rock, lettered U. S. on top, and sunk flush with the surface of
the ground. The center of the Hughston tombstone bears 17° 03''. 5 east of true south.
INDIANA.
Allen County, Fort Wayne, igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 inches on top
and 3 feet long, set 31 inches in the groiind. The top of this post is lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a
cross in the center of it. The center of this cross marks the point. This stone post is located in a
pasture field owned by Mr. Christian F. Pfeiffer, about i}^ miles north of the court-house. It is
reached by going out the Goshen road past the Catholic Orphans* Home. It is distant 405 feet from
27478 — 02 20
3o6 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
INDIANA— Continued.
the ,north fence of this pasture field, in line with two trees west of the post, and in line with the
Catholic Orphans* Home east of the station. It is distant 205 feet from the first of the two trees west
of the station, and 33.6 feet from a large stump southwest of this stone. Archer avenue is south of
this pasture field. The mark or range used was the cross on a tall church spire, St. John's Lutheran
Church. This mark or range bears o® 05^.4 east of true south. The spire of the Indiana State
Institute for the Feeble Minded bears 81'' 37^.8 east of true north.
Blackford County^ Hartford City^ igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 8 by 8 inches
on top and 3 feet long, set 26 inches in the ground. The top of this stone is lettered U. S. C. & G. S.,
with a cross in its center. The center of this cross marks the point. It is located on the farm of Mr.
Charles A. Clouser, about i % miles northwest of the court-house. This post is in a small pasture west
of Mr. Clouser* s house. It is distant 30^, 180, and 234 feet, respectively, from the east, the west, and
the north fences around this pasture field. It is 16.7 feet south of a small tree. The mark or range
used was the tip of the court-house tower. This mark or range bears 34** 3</'3 east of true south. The
tip of the cupola on a small bam near the stone post bears o^ 30^.4 west of true south.
Decatur County^ Greensburgy igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 7 by 7 inches on
top and 3 feet long, set about 2 feet in the ground. The top of this stone is lettered U. S. C. & G. S.,
with a small cross in its center. The center of this cross marks the point. This post is located on the
county poor farm, about 6 miles north of Greensburg and one-half mile southwest of Sandusky, a
small railway station. It was placed on a small knoll in a small field east of south of the main
building. It is north of a tree and fence. The mark or range used was a small ventilator on the
north (right hand) end of Mr. Mieler's bam, near the post. This mark or range bears 66^ S7'-S west
of true south. The church spire at Sandusky railway station bears 33** 37'.o east of true north.
Greene County ^ Bloonifieldy igoo. — Observations were made over the center of a stone post 6 by 8
inches on top and 3 feet long, set about 28 inches in the ground. This post is located on the county
poor farm, about three-quarters of a mile east of the court-house at Bloomfield. It was set in the
northwest comer of the farm, near the top of a small hill. It was placed on the highest ground
available. It is near a rail fence, and is north of the orchard and the Bloomfield road. The mark or
range used was the back gallery post of the house on the hill nearly south of this post. This mark or
range bears 35® 06^.9 west of true south. A prominent red granite monument on the highest part of
Cemetery hill bears 83® 22^. i west of true north.
Howard County^ Kokomo^ igoo, — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 7 inches on top
and 3 feet long, set 2 feet in the ground. The top of this stone is lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a
small cross in the center. The center of the cross marks the point. This post is located on the county
farm, which is about i >^ to 2 miles west of the court-house at Kokomo. It is located in what is known
as the ''blue-grass pasture," a little east of north of the poor-house building and about three-eighths of
a mile from it. This post is 18 feet north of a large black stump about 3 feet in diameter, and
approximately in line with the center of this sttmip and the main building of the poor farm. The
court-house can be seen through a narrow gap in the timber to the eastward. Th6 mark or range
was the lightning rod on the east end of the poorhouse bam. This mark or range bears 14® 15^.6 west
of true south. The flagstaff on the court-house bears 62^ 42^.7 east of true south.
fefferson County, Madison, igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 inches on top
and 3 feet long, set about 2 feet in the ground. The top of this post is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. , with
a small cross in the center of it. The center of this cross marks the point. This post is located on
the campus of Hanover College, about 6 miles from Madison in a westerly direction. This post is set
about 100 feet from the College Observatory, between it and the main building, west of the athletic
field and tennis court. The mark or range used was a small post on the right-hand side of the dome
of the main college building. This mark or range bears 76® 09^.6 east of true south. The center of
a small cross on the nearest college building bears 78^^ 56^.5 east of true south.
Knox County, Vincennes, /8g6.— The station is in the large open space on the west side of the
Catholic cemetery west of the city. It is 126 feet from the plank fence on the southeast side and 72
feet from the fence on the southwest side of the cemetery. It is marked by an oak stub.
Kosciusko County, Warsaw, /goo. — Observations were made over a stone post 7 by 7 inches on top
and 3 feet long, set 3 feet in the ground. The top of this post is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. , with a
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 307
INDIANA— Continued.
cross in the center of it. The center of this cross marks the point. This post is located on the county
poor farm, about 2 miles south of Warsaw. It is on the lawn in front and west of the main building,
and a little south of the main entrance. It is distant 166.2, 184.5, and 246 feet, respectively, from the
south side of the entrance arch of the main building, from the south fence, and from the west fence of
the inclosure in front of the main building. The mark or range used was the lightning rod on the
central cupola of Jim Russ's bam. This mark or range bears 11® 34^.3 east of true south. The tip of
the cupola on the East Ward School building bears 4® 09^.5 west of true north.
Laporte County^ Michigan City^ /goo. — ^The station is in the park to the south of the Maish
schoolhouse, to the south of the town. It is marked by a limestone post 7 inches square, lettered
U. S. C. & G. S., and set with its top a few inches below the surface of the ground It is 102.5 ^^^t
to the nearest edge of the sidewalk on the south side of Baker avenue (to the south) and 74 feet to
the line of east wall of the schoolhouse (to the west). The northeast edge of the schoolhouse
bears 9® oi^8 west of true north.
Marion County y Indianapolis ^ igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 inches on
top and 3- feet long, set 2 feet in the ground. The top of this post is lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with
a cross in the center of it. The center of this cross marks the point. This post is located in Riverside
Park, about 5 miles northwest of the court-house. It is near the break of the hill in the western part
of the park, about 200 yards north of Thirtieth street. It is distant, respectively, 45, 42, and 18 feet
from three trees, and is northwest of the bear cage. The mark or range used was the center of the
head of the figure on the soldiers' monument. This mark or range bears 37® 06^.5 east of true south.
The steeple of a small church bears 73® 51^.6 west of true south.
Montgomery County. Crawfordsville^ igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6
inches on top and 3 feet long, set in the ground about 26 inches. The top of this post is lettered U. S.
C. & G. S., with a cross in the center of it. The center of this cross marks the point. This post is
located on the county farm about i mile north of town. It is placed in a small field in front and
southwest of the poorhouse on the west side of the road from Crawfordsville. It is distant 144 and 60
feet, respectively, from the east and north fences inclosing this small field, and is just south of the
orchard. The mark or range used was the weather vane on a small white bam just south of tliis stone
post. This mark or range bears o** 30^.2 west of true south. The tip of the cupola on the Piskville
schoolhouse bears 5° 58^.2 east of true south.
Morgan County ^ Martinsville ^ igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 8 by 8 inches
on top and 3 feet long, set about 26 inches in the ground. The top of this stone is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. ,
with a cross in the center of it. The center of this cross marks the point. This post is located on the
county poor farm, about i }^ miles east of the court-house at Martinsville. It is placed in a field
across the road from the main building, about 200 3*ards northwest of it. It is located on a small
knoll near the south bank of a small stream, 10 feet distant from the edge of this bank. It is also
distant 35, 45. and 75 feet, respectively, from three trees ne€u- an old bam. The mark or range used
was the underside of the north gable of a red house just south of the stone post. This mark or range
bears 8° 41^.8 west of true south. The northeast comer of the poor farm building bears 23® 35^.9 east
of true south.
Orange County^ Baoli^ igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 inches and 3 feet
long, set 2 feet in the ground. The top of this stone is lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a cross in the
center of it. The center of this cross marks the point. This post is located on a bald hill northeast
of the public-school building, and about 300 or 400 yards distant from it. This hill is about three-
fourths of a mile east of the court-house at Paoli, and is the property of the Thomas Hunt estate.
The mark or range used was the tip of the post on the cupola of the brick schoolhouse. This mark
or range bears 45° 01^. i west of true south. The spire of the court-house bears 82° 40^.9 west of true
north.
St. Josephs County y South Bendy igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 inches on
the top and 3 feet long, set about 34 inches in the ground. The top of this stone is lettered U. S. C. &
G. S., with a cross in the center of it. The center of this cross marks the point. This post is located
on the county farm, about 2 miles east of the court-house at South Bend. It is placed in a field
northeast of the main building, and it was so located that the standpipe at South Bend could just be
3o8 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
INDIANA-Continued.
seen on the soath side of the large tree west of this post. It is distant 121 feet from the nearest edge
of this tree, and almost in line to a second tree on the opposite side of the field. The mark or range
used was the flag pole on the building almost south of this stone. This mark or range bears 10° 47^.3
east of true south. The tall church spire at South Bend, with fancy work on spire, bears 85° 4i''.3
west of true south.
Vanderburg County^ Evansville, igoo. — The station is on the grounds of the Southern Indiana
Hospital for the Insane, about 3 miles east of the town. It is about 600 feet south of west of the
main building, on the roadside. It is marked by a white limestone post 6 inches square, lettered on
top U. S. o C. & G. S. , and projecting about 4 inches above the surface of the ground. The mark or
range used was the middle of the foot of the flagstaff on the main building, and bears 23° 52^.5 east of
true north.
Vigo County^ Terre Haute ^ igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 inches on top
and 3 feet long, set about 26 inches in the ground. This post is located on the property of Mr. McKeen,
a dairyman. It is about 3 miles northeast of the court-house, in a small pasture just east of Mr. ^Ic-
Keen's residence. This pasture is at the corner of Maple avenue and Twenty -fifth street. The stone
is about 393 feet south of the edge of Maple avenue, and it is distant about 156 and 204 feet, respec-
tively, from the south and the west fences inclosing this pasture field. The mark or range used was
the spire of the orphans' home. This mark or range bears 9° 07^.8 east of true south. The steeple on
the Eighteenth District School building bears 14° 06^.9 west of true south.
Wayne County, Richtnond, igoo. — Obser\^ations were l^de over a stone post 6 by 6 inches on top,
and 3 feet long, set about 2 feet in the ground. The top of this stone is lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with
a cross in its center. The center of this cross marks the point. This post is located on the campus
of Earlham College, about i ^ miles west of the city. It is placed in the open space in the rear and
south of the college buildings, and southwest of the dormitory, in line with the last row of shade
trees between the campus proper and the adjoining field. It is distant about 63, 45, and 51 feet,
respectively, from three adjacent trees. The mark or range used was the right-hand edge of the
chimney of Mr. Martin's house across the field south of this post. This mark or range bears 13° 12^.8
east of true south. The tip of a large monument on the southern section of cemetery bears 62° 3i''.2
west of true south. The spire of the Irish church in Richmond bears 87® 38^.2 east of true north.
INDIAN TERRITORY.
Cherokee Reservation^ Vinita, /888. — The station is in a lot owned by Mr. Henry Eiffert, just
south of the Congregational church, in the southwestern part of the town. It is marked by a locust
post 32 feet 2 inches from the northeast comer of Mr. Eiffert's house. It is also 13 feet 1 inch and 15
feet 4 inches distant, respectively, from the north and east fences around Mr. Eiffert's property.
IOWA.
Black Hawk County^ Waterloo^ igoo. — Observations were made over a marble post sunk almost
level with the ground and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of hole marks point. This post is located
in a triangular field in front of Elmwood Cemetery, on the west side of Cedar River. It is 59.8 feet
from the edge of Elmwood Cemetery road and 67.4 feet from the edge of Locust street. The mark or
range used was the middle of a small round chimney on a Mr. Sign's house. * Mark or range bears
east of true south 28° 32^.9.
Boone County ^ Boone ^ igoo. — Observations were made over a white limestone post 3 feet long and
6 by 6 inches at the top, and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of the hole marks the point. This post
is located in the new city cemetery, in the middle of the 6-foot walk, just west of lot No. 70. The top
of this post is I inch below the surface of the ground. The center of the post is 10.2 feet and 3.2 feet,
respectively, from the northwest and southwest corners of lot No. 70. The mark or range used was
the Swedish church spire. The mark or range bears east of true north 4° 26^.3.
Carroll County , Carroll, igoo, — Observations were made over a white marble post 3 feet long and
6 by 6 inches square, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. The center of the central hole marks the point.
The top of this post is i inch below the surface of the ground. It is located in the town cemetery, in
the ornamental circle in the center of which stands the G. A. R. monument, and 43.6 feet and 43.3
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 309
IOWA— Continued.
feet, respectively, from the southwest and southeast comers of the base of this monument. The mark
or range v/as the center of the foot of the cross on St. Joseph's Catholic church. The mark or range
bears west of true north 52° 59^.0.
Cass County y AtlantiCy igoo, — Observations were made over a white limestone post 3 feet long,
6 by 6 inches square, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. The center of the central hole marks the point.
The top of this post is i inch below the surface of the ground. This post is located in the city ceme-
tery, in the middle of the walk between lots No. 65 and No. 66, and on the border of the drive east of
these lots, midway between the southeast corner of lot No. 65 and the northeast comer of lot No. 66.
The mark or range used was the tip of the court-house tower. Mark or range bears west of true
south 93° 45^.4.
Cherokee County ^ Cherokee^ igoo. — Observations were made over a white limestone post 3 feet
long and 6 by 6 inches square, and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of the central hole marks the
point. This post is sunk with its top even with the surface of the ground. It is located in Oak Hill
Cemetery, east of lot No. 54, block 5, and 7.8 feet and 13.0 feet, respectively, from the northeast and
southeast corners of this lot. The mark or range used was the tip of the main tower on the State
insane asylum. The mark or range bears 21° 06^.4 east of true north. The tip of the tower on court-
house bears 87° 17^.0 east of true north.
Clarke County y Osceola ^ igoo, — Observations were made over a white limestone post 3 feet long
and 6 by 6 inches square, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. The center of the central hole mcu-ks the point.
This post is sunk with its top i inch below the surface of the ground. It is located in the town
cemetery, at the eastern end of the cemetery, i foot north of intersection of the middle of the two
walks. This intersection is bounded by lots numbered 49, 50, 55, and 56. The mark or range used
was the tip of the court-house tower. The mark or range bears 38° 39^.5 east of true north. The tip
of schoolhouse tower be€Lrs 62° 41^.0 east of true north.
Delaware County ^ Manchester ^ igoo. — Observations were made over a white marble post 3 feet
long and 6 by 6 inches square on top and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of the cross marks the point.
This post is sunk level with the ground. It is located in the grounds of the Manchester High School,
150 feet back of the schoolhouse. The mark or range used is the spire of the Presbyterian church.
The mark or range bears 24° 4i''.9 west of true south. The northeast comer of the base brickwork of
the school building bears 83° 18''. 7 west of true north.
Des Moines County ^ Burlington ^ igoo. — Observations were made over a station in a vacant lot
near the corner of Jefferson street and Garfield avenue. It is distant 137.7 feet from the center of
Garfield avenue, 14.7 feet from a. fence, and 100.6 feet and 82.5 feet, respectively, from the comers
of the house in proximity of the station. The mark or range used was the tip of the steeple of
the Swedish Lutheran church. The mark or range bears 26® 59^.4 west of true south.
Dubuque County, Dubuque ^ igoo. — Obser\'ations were made over a marble post lettered U. S. The
center of the central hole marks the point. This post is sunk with its top even with the surface of
the ground. It is in the grounds of Mr. J. V. Rider on Seminary Hill, in the southwest corner
of the yard, near the limestone bluff. The mark or range was the spire of the Presbyterian church.
This mark or range has been used before for magnetic observations; it bears 6° 04''. 8 east of true
south. The south spire of Catholic Sisters* school bears 87° 01^.3 west of true north.
Fayette County, IVest Union, igoo. — Observations were made over a gray marble post 2 feet long,
2 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. The center of the central hole marks the point. This post is
sunk with its top even with the surface of the .ground. It is located in the city cemetery, on the
north side of the main road from the entrance, at a point where a road branches to the north, in the
northwest corner of the junction of the two roads. It is 51.0 feet from the McClintock monument.
The mark or range is the tip of Sarah Beichtol's monument, located near the south fence of the
cemetery. The mark or range bears 4° 14^.6 west of true south. The Methodist church spire bears
87** I9''.8 east of true south.
Floyd County, Charles City, igoo. — Observations were made over a white limestone post 3 feet
long and 7 by 7 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of the central hole marks the
point. The post is sunk with its top even with the surface of the ground. It is located in the grounds
of Charles City College, 200 feet east by north of the college building, and 93 feet' from the center of
3IO MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
IOWA— Continued.
the road which runs near the college building. The mark or range was the northeast comer of the
chimney on the house of Mrs. N. Makepeace. The mark or range bears 64® 39^>6 west of true south.
Tip of college tower bears 85° 04^.0 west of true north.
Franklin County, Hampton, 1^00. — Observations were made over a white limestone post 1}^ feet
long, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. S. This post is stmk even with the surface of the
ground. It is located in the grounds of the Hampton High School, east of the school building, and
186.4 And 200.6 feet, respectively, from the southeast and northeast comers of this building. The
mark or range used was the center on the cross of the Methodist church. The mark or range bears
71® 17^.0 west of true south. Tip of schoolhouse tower bears 81® 56^.8 west of true south.
Guthrie County, Menlo, 1^00. — Observations were made over a brown sandstone post 2% feet
long, 5 by 12 inches on top and lettered U. S. The center of the central hole marks the point. This
post is sunk with its top i inch below the surface of the ground. It is located in the town cemetery,
on the south side of the road leading from the gate, and about 300 feet from the gate. The point is
due north of the northeast comer of the Heater lot, and measures 3.6 feet and 17.3 feet, respectively,
from the northeast and northwest comers of this lot. The mark or range used was the tip of the roof
at the south end of C. Ebel's house. The mark or range bears 31 ^ 01^.8 east of true north. The upper
comer of the south end of the roof of W. Galbreath's house bears 21** 39^.0 west of true north.
Hancock County, Gamer, 1^00. — Observations were made over a white marble slab 21 inches long,
2 by 8 inches on top, and lettered U. S. This slab is sunk with its top even vrith the surface of the
ground. It is located in the town cemetery, on the west side of the road leading from the entrance, and
about 200 feet from the entrance. The slab is near the northeast comer of lot No. 73, section 2, and is
distant 7.6 feet and 24.9 feet, respectively, from the northeast and southeast corners of this lot. The
center of the central hole in this slab marks the point. The mark or range used was the tip of the
tower on the water tank. The mark or range bears 29° 09^.2 west of true north. The spire of
the German Lutheran church bears 34° 16^.7 west of true north.
Hardin County, Eldora, 1^00. — Observations were made over a gray marble slab 2 feet long, 2 by 8
inches on top, and lettered U. S. The center of the central hole marks the point. This slab is sunk
with its top even with the surface of the ground. It is located in the town cemetery, 2 feet and 20
feet, respectively, from the northeast and southeast comers of lot No. 23, belonging to JVir. H. Bird.
The mark or range used was the center of the ball at the foot of the flag pole on the high school. The
mark or range bears 80® 55^.0 west of true north. The Congregational church spire bears 85® 38^.7
west of true north.
Harrison County, Logan, i^oo. — Observations were made over a white limestone post 2 feet long,
4 by 5 inches on top, and lettered U. S. The center of the central hole marks the point. This post is
sunk with its top i inch below the surface of the ground. It is located in the town cemetery, in the
middle of the drive between Hughes' lot. No. 11, block G, and Rich's lot, No. 10, block G. This post
is distant 14.8 feet east and 10.9 feet south from the northeast comer of T. L. Rich's monument. It is
distant 6.6 feet west and 47.9 feet south from the southwest comer of the Bolter lot, No. 11. The
mark or range used was the tip of the tower on C. A. Botler's house. The mark or range bears 52^
53^.4 west of true south. The southwest comer of brick house on Wm. Brayton's old property bears
2® 30^.7 east of true north.
Ida County, Ida Grove, igoo, — Observations were made over a white limestone post 3 feet long,
6 by 8 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. The center of the central hole marks the point.
This post is sunk with its top i inch below the stuiace of the ground. It is located in Ida Grove
Cemetery at the middle of the intersection of the two walks bounded by lots numbered 11. 12, 29, and
30. The mark or range used was the tip of the court-house tower. The mark or range bears 39^
46^. I west of true south. The Presbyterian church spire bears 47° 14^.7 west of true south.
Iowa County, Marengo, igoo.^ Observations were made over a limestone post 3 feet long, 6 inches
square, and lettered U.S. C. S. The center of the cross marks the point. This post is sunk with its
top flush with the surface of the ground. It is located in the northeast comer of the grounds of the
Marengo High School, about 150 feet from the northwest comer of the school building, and about 60
feet from the northern fence of the yard. The marks or ranges used were the eastern lightning rod
on Mr. S. Wilson's house and the tip of the iron post at the northeast comer of the school yard.
Lightning rod bears 8° 48''. 5 west of true north. The northeast post bears 71° 36^.0 east of true north.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 3 II
IOWA— Continued.
Jasper County^ Newton ^ igoo, — Observations were made over a marble post 2>^ feet long, 7
inches square, and lettered U. S.C. S. The center of the cross marks the point. This post is sunk
with its top flush with the ground. It is located in the grounds of the State Normal College, 216
feet northeast of the building and 151 feet from the corner of the president's house. The marks or
ranges used were the crystal sphere on the middle lightning rod of the house belonging to Mr.
Charles Kapple (almost due south from the station), and the middle of the base of the flag pole on the
colle^ie building. Mark or range bears 10° 22^.2 west of true south. Flag pole on college building
bears 16° 37^.3 west of true south.
Jefferson County y Fairfield^ igoo. —Observations were made over the top of a stake driven in the
ground and projecting i inch out of the ground. The center of a copper tack in this stake marks the
exact point. It is located in a field at the comer of Burlington and Ninth streets, 91.6 feet in the rear
of a stable, 121.4 feet from the fence which runs parallel to Ninth street, and 130.7 feet from the
corner of the fences around the lot at the corner of the two streets. The mark or range was the center
of the spire of the Presbyterian church east of south of the station. The mark or range bears
78° I9''.8 east of true south.
Jones County, Anamosa, igoo. — Observations were made over a limestone post 2^ feet long, 5 by 6
inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of the cross marks the point. This post is sunk
2 feet in the ground. It is located in the Anamosa Cemetery at the bend of the road on the top of
the hill in the northwest comer of the cemetery. The mark or range used was the spire of the Baptist
church. Mark or range bears 58° 37^.8 east of true north. Tip of penitentiary water tank bears
35® 32^.9 east of true north.
Lee County, Keokuk, igoo, — Observations were made over a copper tack in a wooden stub driven
flush with the ground. Observations were made over this point in July and October, 1900, and also
in 1877 and 1888. This stub is located in the grounds of Mr. H. H. Clark, distant 72.8 feet from the
north corner of Mr. Clark's house, and 69 feet from the west comer of this house. It is also distant
67.5 feet and 33.8 feet, respectively, from the north and west comers of Mr. Clark's yard. Mr. Clark's
residence is at the comer of Second and Bloundeau streets. The mark or range used was the comer
of a projecting cornice about 75 yards away, the only mark visible. This mark or range bears
14® 46''. 2 west of true south.
Mahaska County, Oskaloosa, igoo. — Observations were made in two localities in this town
Observations were first made over a copper tack in a stub which projects 2 inches from the ground.
This stub is located in a field on the west side of South Second avenue immediately to the south of
the house owned and occupied by Mr. Kuntz. It is distant 136 feet from the center of South Second
avenue and 115.8 feet from the southwest corner of Mr. Kuntz's house. The mark or range used was
the corner of gable roof belonging to Mr. Cowan, about three-fourths mile distant. The mark or
range bears 34° 24^.4 east of true south. The comer of the gable of another house bears 70° 41^.7 east
of true south.
Observations were made at a second locality in Oskaloosa. This second point is marked with a
limestone post 2 feet long, and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of the cross marks the point. The
top of this post is flush with the ground. It is located in the campus of Penn College, 75 yards south
by west from the comer of the college building. The mark or range used was the tip of the weather
vane on the water tank of the Iowa Central Railroad. Mark or range bears 58** 24^.6 west of true
south. The foot of flag pole on college building bears 28** 02-^.7 east of true north.
Monona County, Onawa, igoo, — Observations were made over a limestone post 3 feet long, 6 by 6
inches square, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. The center of the central hole marks the point. This
post is sunk with its top i inch below the surface of the ground. It is located in the town cemetery,
on the south side of the road running east and west near the north fence of the cemetery, and about
200 feet from the entrance to the cemetery. The point is on a line with the middle of the walk
between the Belknap and Oliver lots, and is 22. i feet north of L. H. Belknap's monument. The mark
or range used was the tip of the court-house tower. The mark or range -bears 15° 14^.9 west of true
north. The tip of railroad water tank northwest of station bears 65® 55^.3 west of true north.
Montgomery County, Red Oak, igoo. — Observations were made over a white limestone post 3 feet
long, 6 by 8 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. The center of the central hole marks the
point. This post is sunk with its top even with the surface of the ground. It is located in the new
312 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
IOWA— Continued.
City Cemetery, in the eastern part of the ornamental circle in the center of the cemetery, 59.6 feet
and 64. 1 feet, respectively, from the northeast and northwest corners of the Moates lot. The mark or
range used was the tip of the court-house tower. The mark or range bears 30® 13^.8 west of true
south. The tip of a tower on the North Ward school building bears 39® 38^.2 west of true south.
O'Brien County^ Hartley^ 1^00, — Observations were made over a white limestone post 3 feet long,
6 by 6 inches square, and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of the central hole marks the point. This
post is sunk with its top even with the surface of the ground. It is located in the town cemetery,
in the walk immediately north of the Bouton lot. No. 7, section D, 3.9 feet and 20.3 feet, respectively,
from the northeast and northwest comers of this lot. The mark or range used was the tip of the town
water tank. The mark or range bears 16** 01^.3 west of true north. The Methodist church spire
bears 6° 58^. i east of true north.
Osceola County^ Sibley^ i8gi. — The station is just southeast of the Sibley Hotel, 12 1.4 feet south
of the fence along the main street of the town and 14.2 feet west of the fence along the road leading
to the prairie. It is marked by a drill hole in the top of a dressed marble post 4 inches square sunk
flush with the surface of the ground. The point of the cupola on the rear of the Sibley Hotel bears
64° 47^.5 west of true north.
Palo Alto County, Emmetsburg, igoo. — Observations were made over a white limestone post 3 feet
long, 6 by 8 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of the central hole marks the point.
This post is sunk with its top level with the ground. It is located in the town cemetery, immediately
north of the Hoffman lot and 7.6 feet and 15.4 feet, respectively, from the northwest and northeast
comers of this lot, and 30.5 feet from Peter Brown's monument. The mark or range ased was the
Catholic church spire. The mark or range bears o® 30^.8 west of true north. The tip of the Adaline
C. Harrison monument, near cemetery gate, bears 64** 44^.8 east of true south.
Plymouth County y Lemars, /900.— Observations were made over a blue marble post 3 feet long,
6 by 6 inches square, and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of the central hole marks the point. This
post is sunk with its top i inch below the surface of the ground. It is located on the campus of the
Western Union College, east by north of the college building, and 175.6 feet and 201.0 feet, respec-
tively, from the northeast and soutlieast corners of the foundations of this building. The mark or
range was the spire of the Presbyterian church. Mark or range bears 10® 32^.3 west of true north.
The German Methodist church spire bears 15° 54^.7 west of true north.
Pocahontas County ^ Fonda, igoo. — Observations were made over a blue marble post 2 feet 8 inches
long, 6 by 6 inches square, and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of the central hole marks the point.
This post is sunk with its top even with the surface of the ground. It is located in the tow^n cemetery,
in the walk, near the Reentsma lot No. 26, range 2, block 4, 3.2 feet and 17.8 feet, respectively, from
the southwest and southeast comers of this lot. The mark or range used was the Methodist church
spire. The mark or range bears 75° 52^.5 west of true north. The Presb3rterian church spire bears
68° 39^.4 west of true north.
Polk County, Des Moines, 1888. — The station is just across Ninth street, in the northeast comer
of the capitol grounds, 70 feet 8>^ inches from the outer edge of the curbstone on Grand avenue and
89 feet 8 inches from the outer edge of the curbstone on east Ninth street. It is marked by a tack in
the center of a wooden stub sunk flush with the surface of the ground.
Pottawattamie County, Council Bluffs, igoo. — Observations were made over a white limestone post
3 feet long, 6 by 6 inches square, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. The center of the central hole marks
the point. This post is sunk with its top even with the surface of the ground. It is located in th**
grounds of the Iowa State Institute for the Deaf. It is north of the main building, on the athletic
grounds, between the apple orchard and the maple grove. This post is 107.0 feet south of the center
of the adjacent road and 135.0 feet, 1 13.8 feet, and i ii.o fe^t, respectively, from the first, third, and fifth
of the first row of trees in the adjacent maple grove. The mark or range used was the northwest corner
of the boys' workshop. The mark or range bears 54° 23^.5 east of true south. The base of flagstaff on
main building bears 23° 25^. i east of true south.
Scott County, Davenport, /888.— The station is in a lot on the north side of Seventh street, just
west of where Scott street runs into it. It is due north of Mr. Herman Block's house, and is 14.0 yards
from the fence along Seventh street and 29.5 yards from the fence along the east side of this lot. It
is marked by a tack in the end of a post sunk flush with the surface of the ground.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 313
IOWA— Continued.
Sioux County^ Perkins^ igoo. — Observations were made over a block of red sandstone 2 feet long,
7 by 12 inches on top, and lettered U. S. The center of the central hole marks the point. This
sandstone block is sunk 2 inches below the surface of the ground. It is located in the grounds of the
public school, 96.7 feet and 109.3 feet, respectively, from southeast and southwest comers of this
school building, and 11 8. 6 feet from the center of the road which runs near this school building. The
mark or range used was the tip of the tower of the Congregational church. The mark or range bears
45** 20^.8 east of true north. The flag pole on Dykstra's store bears 55° 23^.8 east of true north.
Union County ^ Creslon^ 1^00. — Observations were made over a white limestone post 3^ feet lohg,
6 by 8 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. This post is sunk with its top i inch below the
surface of the ground. It is located in the park in the center of Graceland Cemetery, south of lot No.
572, section A, and 32 feet and 30.5 feet, respectively, from the southwest and southeast corners of this
lot The mark or range used was the Catholic church spire. This mark or range bears 23® 30^.8 west
of true north. The German Lutheran church bears 21® 30^.0 west of true north.
Wapello County^ Ottumwa^ /888.— The station is in the grounds of the Adams High School, 119
feet 2 inches from the southeast corner of the foundation of the school building and 63.0 feet from the
eastern fence. It is marked by a tack in a cedar post.
Washington County^ Washington y igoo. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stub
which projects i inch above the ground. It is located in a field a little to the north of the eastern end
of East Madison street. This field borders on the eastern corporation limit, and lies in front of a
house belonging to D. P. Johnson and occupied by S. S. Paul. Winfield Somouse owns this
property. The stub is distant 151 feet from the corporation town limit, 80 from the center of the road
which runs between the house and this field. It is also distant 128.6 feet and 56 feet, respectively,
from the boundaries of this property. The mark or range used was the spire of the First Baptist
church. This mark or range bears 86® 59^ west of true south.
Wayne County^ Corydon^ igoo. — Observations were made over a limestone post 3 feet long, 6 by 6
inches square, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. The center of the central hole marks the point. This
post is sunk with its top 6 inches above the ground. It is located in the northwest corner of the
town cemetery west of W. H. AbeVs lot, and 10 feet northwest of this monument. The mark or
range used was the Baptist church spire. This mark or range bears 25° 20^.2 east of true north. The
tip of the court-house spire bears 40® 28^.2 east of true north.
Webster County ^ Fort Dodger igoo. — Observations were made over a white limestone post 3 feet
long, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of the central hole marks the point.
This post is sunk with its top projecting i inch above the ground. It is located in the open space
in the rear of the Corpus Christi Catholic Church, near the comer of Seventh street and Fourth avenue,
formerly called Sixth and Jeannette streets. This post is 35 feet from Seventh street, 156 feet from
Fourth avenue, and 1 16 feet from the northwest corner of this church. This point is supposed to be
identical with the point over which observations were made in 1891 . The mark or range used was the
flag pole on Tobin College tower. The mark or range bears 3° 33''. 9 east of true south. The center of
the cross on Corpus Christi Church bears 65° 58^.3 east of true south.
Winneshiek County^ Decorah^ igoo. — Observations were made over a gray limestone post 3 feet
long, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. S. The center of the central cross marks the point.
This post is sunk with its top projecting 6 inches above the ground. It is located in the campus of
the Luther College, 123 feet south of the road running east from the college building and 81 feet east
of the road leading to the gate on the south side of the campus. The mark or range used was the
north comer of the brickyard chimney. The mark or range bears 20® 08^.5 east of true south. The
tip of the college tower bears 75° 49''.4 west of true north.
Woodbury County, Sioux City, iSgi. — The station is in the grounds of the Morning Side Uni-
versity, in the eastern suburbs of the city. It is in the center of the large open space just in front of
the center of the new school of art. It is 162 feet from the small projection in the front of this build-
ing and 1 1 1.5 feet from the fence along the front of the grounds. It is marked by a small drill hole in
a dressed marble post, 4 inches square on top, sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The range
or mark used was the spire on the Methodist chvu*ch and bears 27® 32^^.4 west of true south.
314 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 190a.
lOWA-Continued.
Worth County y Northwood^ igoo, — Observations were mpde over a gray marble post 2 feet long,
2 by 5 inches on top, and lettered U. S. The center of the central hole marks the point. This post
is sunk with its top even with the ground. It is located in the City Cemetery, on the north side of the
road leading from the entrance. It is immediately south of the Christensen lot, No. 231, section 4,
and is distant 6 feet and 22.8 feet, respectively, from the southwest and southeast comers of this lot, and
19.8 feet distant from the center of the road. The mark or range used was the tip of the tower of the
water tank. The mark or range bears 65^ 32^.7 east of true south. The spire of the Norwegian church
(2' miles distant) bears 69° 13^.9 west of true north.
KANSAS.
Anderson County ^ Gametty igoo, — ^The station is located on a slight rise in a large open field,
known as Chapman Addition, to the south of town, being on the opposite side of the Western Pacific
track and north of the Sante Fe track. The station was marked by a wooden peg.
Barton County^ Fairmounty 18^2, — ^The station is in the NE. % sec. 8, T. 16, R. 5 W. of the sixth
principal meridian, near the northeast comer of Fairmount schoolhouse lot It is 29 feet from the
north boundary and 29 feet from the east boundary of this lot and is 127 feet 8 inches from the
northeast corner of the schoolhouse. It is marked by a marble post 6 inches square, lettered on top
U. S. C. S., with two iutersecting grooves.
Brown County ^ Hiawatha^ igoo, — The station is on the campus of the academy, southeast of
Hoover Hall about 80 feet. It is marked by a block of native stone 6 inches square, and lettered on
top U. S. C. & G. S. The mark or range used was the northeast comer of the post-office building
and bears 71® 37^.2 west of true north.
Coffey County y Buriingtofi, igoo. — The station is in the southwest portion of a lot at the north
end of Third street, owned by Mr. J. B. Young. It is 150 feet from the center of the street to the
south and 250 feet from the center of Fourth street to the west. It is marked by a hedgewood peg.
Douglas County y Baldwin y igoi. — ^The station is the post on which magnetometer is mounted, at
the temporary magnetic observatory. It is on the farm of J. C. Brockway, about tliree-fourths of a
mile east of the town. The mark or range used is the ball on the flag pole of Science Hall, Baker
University, and bears 48® 20^.6 west of true north.
Ellis County y Blue Hilly i8g2. — ^The station is situated on a prominent ridge forming a part of
the Blue Hills. It is in the S. >^ sec. 21, T. 12, R. 16 W. of the sixth principal meridian. It is
marked by a marble post lettered on top U. S. C. S., with two intersecting grooves.
Ellis County y Hays, i8g2, — ^The station is near the N. center sec. 24, T. 13, R. 18 W. of the sixth
principal meridian, 29 feet south of the center of the road separating sections 24 and 13. It is about
4 miles northeast of Hays City. It is marked by a marble post 6 inches square, lettered on top
U. S. C. S., with two intersecting grooves..
Ellis County y Smoky Hilly i8gj, — ^The station is in the south central portion of sec. 21, T. 15,
R. 20 W. of the sixth principal meridian, on a prominent hill overlooking the Smoky Hill River. It
is in the southern part of a large cattle range operated by Frank Meserve, esq., and is i 000 feet north
of the southern fence of the range. It is marked by a marble post 6 inches square, lettered on top
U. S. C. S., with two intersecting grooves.
Ford County y Dodge Cityy 1888. — ^The station is between Military avenue and Chestnut street, in
the rear of Mr. B. Foreman's house, near the south end of avenue A. It is 91 feet from the northeast
corner and 91.6 feet from the northwest comer of the fence around Mr. Foreman's yard. It is
marked by a solid oak post.
Franklin County y Ottaway /^oo.^— The station is in the center of the tract inclosed by the race
track in Forest Park, just west of the Santa Fe Railroad depot. It is 370 feet from the northwest
corner of the tabernacle and 410 feet from the northeast comer of the grand stand. It is also 47 feet
from an elm tree, 3 feet in diameter, to the northwest. It is marked by a wooden peg. The location
of the station is known to Tom Ashby, the keeper of the park. The mark used was the lightning-
rod on the cupola of a stone house in North Ottawa, owned by Mr. Durmont, and bears 33° 47^>8
east of true north.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 315
KANSAS— Continued.
Geary County^ Junction Cityy r888. — ^The station is north of Ninth street and west of Washington
street, 38 feet i inch south of Mr. J. J. Tallman*s bam and 38 feet 5 inches east of the fence around
Mr. Tallman*s yard. It is also 80 feet north of the inner edge of the plank walk along Ninth street.
It is marked by a copper tack in a post sunk flush with the surface of the ground.
Jackson County, Holton, igoo, — ^The station is on the south side of the court-house grounds, near
Fourth street. It is 169 feet 11 inches from the southwest comer of the court-house and 150 feet 7
inches from the southeast comer. It is marked by a limestone post lettered on top U. S. -\- C. S.
The mark or range used was the most eastern edge of a brick chimney on Frank Knopff's house, on
the comer of Fourth and Wisconsin streets, and bears 77^ 16^.2 west of true south.
Johnson County y Olathe, igoi. — ^The station is near the northeast comer of the grounds of the
State Deaf and Dumb Institute, 50 feet from the east fence and 79 feet from the north fence. It is
marked by a stone about 7 inches square on top, projecting about 4 inches above ground and lettered
U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. A similar stone, but lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M., was set 390 feet due
south to mark the true meridian, the line being defined by a small drill hole in the top of each.
From the north stone the central flag pole of the Institute building bears 51° 54^.6 west of true south.
Lyon County y Emporia , /888,— The station is in the open lot west of the Bethel Welsh Congrega-
tional Church on Merchant street. It is 51 feet 4 inches from the southwest comer and 49 feet 3>^
inches from the northwest comer of the foundation of this church. It is marked by a cedar post sunk
flush with the surface of the ground.
Marshail County , MarysvUle^ igoo. — ^The station is in the northwest comer of the court-house
3rard, 6 feet 2% inches from the comer and 121 feet from the northwest comer of the court-house build-
ing. It is marked by a hard limestone post 7 inches square on top, lettered U. S. + C. S., and sunk
even with the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the center of the base of the flag-
stajBf of the cupola on the Arand & Son building at the northeast comer of Broadway and Ninth streets
and bears 84® 39^.3 west of true north.
Morton County , RichJUldy igoo, — Observations were made over a stone post 3^ by 8 inches on
top, and about 31 inches long, set 31 inches in the ground, with a cross on its top. The center of this
cross marks the point. This post is located in the vacant space south of the ''brick church" and
southwest of Mr. Stoner's residence. It is approximately in line with the eastern wall of this church and
is distant 309.9 feet from the southeast comer of the church. It is also distant 146.2 and 133. i feet,
respectively, from the southwest comer of the inclosure around Mr. Stoner*s residence, and from the
estimated center of the street just south of this vacant space. The mark or range was the comer post
of a fence around a lot south of this stone post. This mark or range bears i^ 15^.8 west of true south.
The spire of the church bears 6® 16^.8 west of true north. The lower part of the flagstaff on hotel
bears 79^ 19''. 8 east of true south.
Ness County, Schmtdt, /8gj, —The station is on land of Mr. Schmidt, a prominent blacksmith of
Wa Keeney, and is just north of his deserted stone house. It is in the NB. corner NW. }( sec. 2,
T. 16, R. 25 W. of the sixth principal meridian. It is 125.2 feet from the one-half-mile stone, and
154.3 feet from the northeast comer of Schmidt's house. It is marked by a marble post 5 inches
square, lettered on top U. S. C. S., with two intersecting grooves.
Ness County, Skaggs, /8gj. — The station is in the SE. comer sec. 16, T. 16, R. 22 W. of the sixth
principal meridian, on the farm of Mr. G« W. Skaggs, about i^ miles north and one-fourth mile west
of the town of Brownell. It is in an offset of Mr. Skaggs's pasture, being 83.1 feet, 106.6 feet,.and 105
feet, respectively, from the southeast, southwest, and northwest comer fence posts of said offset. It is
marked by a marble post 6 inches square, lettered on top U. S. C. S., with two intersecting g^rooves.
Oscige County, Lyndon, igoo, — ^The station is in the schoolhouse yard, west of the school building,
on Ottawa avenue, just east of Fox street. It is 120 feet from the northwest corner and 100 feet from
the southwest comer of the school building. It is marked by a hedge-wood peg.
Osborne County, Waldo, i8g2, — ^The station is gn the highest ground in the SE. % sec. 24, T. 10,
R. 14 W. of the sixth principal meridian. It is about 4)^ miles northwest of Waldo, some 20 yards
west of the road. It is marked by a dark-grained marble post 6 inches square, lettered on top U. S. C. S. ,
with two intersecting grooves.
3l6 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
KANSAS— Continued.
Rush County^ La Crosse, /8g2.—The station is in the NW. X sec. 12, T. 17, R. 18 W. of the
sixth principal meridian on the highest point of a prominent hill, in a pasture belonging to Mr. George
Schwab. It is about 5^ miles northeast of La Crosse. It is marked by a marble post 6 inches square,
lettered on top U. S. C. S. , with two intersecting grooves,
Russell County, Allen, i8g2. — The station is in the NW. X sec. 22, T. 14, R. 14 W. of the sixth
principal meridian and about i mile west and 4 miles south of Russell. It is 446.8 feet southeast of
the stone at the northwest comer of section 22 and 237 feet from the north line of this section and also
90 feet from the southeast comer of an old frame house. It is marked by a marble post 6 inches
square, lettered on top U. S. C. S., with two intersecting grooves.
Russell County, Northwest Base, 1892. — The station is in the NE. X s^c* 25, T. 13, R. 14 W. of
the sixth principal meridian, in a pasture belonging to Mr. Laing, of Russell. It is about 2 miles due
east from the center of the town. It is 950 feet from the post at the railroad crossing to the west and
302 feet from the wire fence to the south in the line to Southeast Base. It is marked by a block of
stone 6 inches square, with two intersecting grooves.
Russell County, Southeast Base, f8gj. — The station is about midway between the towns of Russell
and Bunker Hill, on the Union Pacific Railroad, and 350 yards south of the track at a point one-fourth
mile east of a siding called Homer. It is in the northeastern part of sec. 8, T. 14, R. 13 W. of the
sixth principal meridian. It is 140 feet south of the section line and 480 yards west of the northeast
comer of the section. It is marked by a rough block of magnesia stone dressed to 6 inches square
at top, with two deep intersecting grooves.
SedgTvicfc County, Wichita, 1888. —The station is on the campus in front of the central building
of the Garfield University. It is 136 feet north of the center of the stone steps at the northeast corner
of the main building and 165.5 f^^t east of the center of the plank walk leading from the main building
to the students' quarters. It is marked by a dressed stone post 4 inches square at the top, with two
intersecting grooves. The north rod on the cupola of the Garfield University bears 57° 45^.2 west of
true south.
Seward County, Liberal, /^oo.— Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 inches on top
and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. , with a hole in the center of it. The center of this hole marks the point.
It is located in the vacant block northeast of the court-house square. This lot is the property of
the town company.
The stone post is distant 150.2, 178.5, and 195 feet, respectively, from the northwest corner of the
fence around the yard of the house south of the station, and from the northeast corner of the court-
house building, and from the northeast comer of the inclosure around the court-house square. The
mark or range used was the tip of the center post on the railroad water tank. This mark or range
bears 8° 39^.8 west of true south. The steeple of the Christian Church bears 86° 28^.1 west of true
north. The steeple of the Presbyterian Church bears 73° 10^.2 west of true north.
Trego County, Big Creek, /8gj.— The station is in the extreme SW. comer NE. X NE. X NW.
X NW. X of sec. 17, T. 13, R. 23 W. of the sixth principal meridian. It is 104.8 feet from the north-
west corner stone of the section and 296 feet south of the center of the well-used trail which runs
along the section line. It is marked by a stone post 5 inches square, lettered on top U. S. C. S., with
two intersecting grooves.
Trego County, Trego, /8g8.— The station is in the northeast part of sec. 27, T. 13, R. 21 W. of the
sixth pjrincipal meridian. It is about 500 yards from the northeast comer of the section and about 120
yards south of the wire fence along the northern boundary of the section. It is about 60 feet west of
the well-traveled road to Ellis. It is marked by a dark-grained marble post, 6 inches square, lettered
on top U. S. C. S. , with two intersecting grooves.
Wallace County, Curlew, 1892.— The station is in the NE. comer SW.X SW. X NE. X NE. X
sec. 17, T. 14 S., R. 40 W., 4 miles south and lyi miles west of the Sharon Springs. It is near the
northern edge of the plateau. It is marked by a ^yhite oak stub painted red.
Wallace County, McLane, 1892.— The station is located in the SE. X SE. X SW. X SE. X SE. X
sec. 3, T. 12 S., R. 42 W. It is about 14 miles northwest of Sharon Springs. It is some 200 meters
north of the road leading from McLane' s ranch to Sharon Springs. It is marked by a tack in the end
of a white oak stub.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 317
KENTUCKY.
Breathitt County^ Jackson, igoo. — Observations were made over the north meridian stone located
in the college institute grounds, A south meridian stone was also located in these grounds 206 feet
true south of the north stone, 26 feet from the east corner of the school building, and 14 feet from the
comer by the entrance to the building. These meridian stones are 2 feet long and 6 inches square on
top, with a cross in the center of each stone marking the true meridian. The mark or range used was
the east corner of the school building. This mark or range bears 0° 2c/.2 east of true south.
Caldwell County ^ Princeton, i^i.—TtA station is on the campus of the Princeton College, at the
comer of Fredonia road and Plumb street. A meridian line was established, the south end being the
magnetic station. This line is 359.75 feet long and is marked by stone posts. The south stone is 103.9
feet from south fence and 76.35 feet from east fence. The mark or range used was the peak of the
roof of Mr. Lamb*s house and bears 0° 11^.5 west of true south.
Carter County y Grayson, igoo. — Observations were made over a poplar tent pin located in the
court-house yard, just inside the gate in the east fence. It is distant 31.1 feet from this fence and
103.8 feet from the south fence of the court-house yard. The mark or range used was the east edge of
a tree on edge of the opposite hill. This mark or range bears 19° 44^.3 east of true south.
Daviess County, Owenshoro, igoi, — ^The station is about 2 miles from the court-house and on the
south side of the Leitchfield road in a field of Mr. J. H. Nave's farm. It is in front of the house, 163.7
feet from the fence along the Leitchfield road and 99 4 feet from the fence on the south. The mark
or range used was the most northern edge of the roof of the bam in the Jewish Cemetery and bears
44** 12^.8 west of true north.
Fayette County, Lexington, i8g6. — ^The station is located in an orchard belonging to James Lay-
ton, 41 paces west of Limestone street turnpike road, and 144 paces south of the first tollgate on the
turnpike road. It is a little west of south from the tollgate and about i}( miles north of Lexington
court-honse. It is marked by a pine stub.
Hancock County, Hawesville, igoo. — Observations were made over a limestone post 3 feet long, 6
by 8 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. A small hole in the center of this post marks
the point. It is located in the town cemetery, in a portion that has recently been added. This post is
sunk with its top i inch below the surface of the ground, at the center of the crossing of two walks
bounded by lots numbered 70, 71, 85, and 86. The mark or range was the northwest comer of the
schoolhouse in the valley south of the station. This mark or range bears 35° 45^.5 east of true south.
Jefferson County, Louisville, i8g6. — ^The station is in the northeast corner of Cherokee Park in the
rear of Alexander house and 135 feet from the center of the east porch of the house. It is north of
the house and is marked by an oak stub.
Logan County, Russellville, igoi. — ^The station is on the campus of Bethel College, about
one-fourth mile west of the court-house grounds. A meridian line was established, the north stone of
which is the magnetic station. This line is marked by stone posts, and is 381 feet long. The north
stone is 64.0 feet west of the east fence. The south stone is about 10 feet north of the walk leading to
college hall. The mark or range used was the dome of Colonel Caldwell's house, and bears 48® 14^.6
east of true north.
McCracker County, Paducah, igoi. — The station is about 2 miles from the town out the Mayfield
road and in a large, open field belonging to Jake Biederman. It is not marked in any manner,
but is about 150 feet from the fence on the south and 250 feet from the fence on the west.
Madison County, Richmond, igoo. — Obser\'ations were made over a Bedford limestone post 30
inches long, set 27 inches in. the ground, 6 inches square on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S.,
with a groove running north and south. It is located in the grounds of the Central University, not
far from the chancellor's house on Fourth avenue, distant 133 feet from Fourth avenue and 251 feet
from the gate leading to the chancellor's house. A south meridian stone similar to the north meridian
stone, except for the lettering, was located 374 feet from it, near the trees in front of the main
building. The mark or range used was the east corner of the wooden building showing by the east
comer of the main building. This mark or range bears 7^ 46^.7 east of true south.
Montgomery County, Mount Sterling, /poo.— Observations were made over a poplar stub located
on the property of Mr. Oliver, the county surveyor, about three-fourths of a mile west of the town on
the Blue Lick turnpike. The station is near the northwest comer of the front lot, not far from an old
3 1 8 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
KENTUCKY— Continued.
well, and 17^^ feet from the west fence. Another stub was driven 41 feet true north of this stub, 7.3
feet west of the outside of the well, and io>^ feet from the fence. Still another stub was driven 258^
feet due south of the magnetic station, 23 >^ feet from the street fence, and 60 feet from the west fence.
Mr. Oliver intends replacing the pegs with stones to make the meridian line permanent. The mark
or range used was the southwest comer of Mr. Oliver's house. This mark or range bears 25^ 33^.o east
of true south.
Muhlenberg County ^ Greenville y igoi, — The station is about one-fourth mile northeast of the
court-house, in the grounds of the Greenville Seminary. A meridian line was established, the south
end being the magnetic station. This line is marked by stone posts, and is 285.5 ^^^t long. The
south stone is 72.5 feet east of the fence along Trowbridge street and 78.8 feet north of the fence along
the main cross street. The mark or range used was the peak of the house of Mr. Rotherock, and
bears 70® 09^.6 west of true south.
Rockcastle County ^ Livingston^ igoo. — Observations were made over a point in the lot west of the
Sand Brook Hotel, \%% feet from a ditch, 48 feet northwest of a fence, and 24.7 and 24.4 feet,
respectively, from two trees between it and the fence. Observations were also made in this lot in.
1881. The mark or range used was .the right-hand edge of the trunk of a dead tree on the top of the
hill, to the southwest. This mark or range bears 44° 21^.4 west of true south.
Rowan County y Morehead^ /900.— Observations were made over a poplar tent peg located in the
court-house yard 19 feet from the northeast fence of the yard, 745^ feet from the east comer and 81 >^
feet from the north comer of the court-house building. A north meridian stone was located about 5.3
feet east of this peg, 14.2 feet from the fence, 75 feet from the north comer and 69.2 feet from the
east comer of the court-house building. A south meridian stone was located 188 feet from the north
meridian stone, 8. i feet from the southeast fence of the court-house square. The mark or range used
was the gable end of a house just east of south. This mark or range bears 8® 06^.7 east of true soutli.
Union County ^ Morganfield^ igoi, — ^The station is about 2 miles from the court-house on the farm
of Mr. H. MacElroy, on the Henderson road. A meridian line was established, the south end of which
is the magnetic station. This line is marked by stone posts and is about 1,463 feet long. The south
stone is in a large open field about one-fourth mile from Mr. MacElroy 's house. It is 110.5 feet from
the fence on the east side of the road, near the old MacElroy house. The north stone is set about 6
feet from the fence on the west, about 10 feet from the south comer of the fence around the Pajme
schoolhouse. The mark or range used was the peak of the roof of Mr. M. Thomas's house, and bears
17° 46^.0 west of true south.
Whitley County ^ Williamsburg ^ /goo. — Observations were made over a pine stub on the south-
west side of the court-house. Observations were made over the same stub in 1896. Two marks were
placed on the fence to indicate the true meridian, one, a piece of wire wrapped around a short
upright in the fifth panel east of the northwest gate, due north of this peg, the other one south of it»
a cut in the bottom stringer, covered with a piece of wire, in the ninth panel from the south corner.
-The mark or range used is a chimney of a house on the hill some distance away. This mark or range
bears 31° 43''.4 east of true south.
LOUISIANA.
Acadia Parish y MermentaUy iSgo. — Station is in open space in front of the Mermentau Hotel, and
north of the railroad station. Point is marked by a cypress post 2 feet long sunk flush with surface of
ground. Post is distant 81.6 feet, 80.5 feet, and 45.2 feet, respectively, from the northwest corner of the
railway stock pen, the west fence inclosing the hotel, and the southeast comer of the garden north of
railroad station. Center of chimney of railroad station bears 44° 40^.7 west of true south. South rod
on hotel bears 57° 19^.3 east of true south.
Ascension Parish, Donaldsonville, iSg6. — Station is located in large open space near entrance of
Catholic cemetery. It is marked by a pine post sunk flush with ground. This post is 65 feet from the
eastern edge of Vincent street and 60 feet from the plank inclosure to the Catholic cemetery. The
tall cross on tomb of Joseph Landry bears 26° 34^-7 west of true south. Spire on new Catholic church
bears 17*^ 38^.2 east of true north. Spire on old convent bears 9® 30^.3 west of true north.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 319
LOUISIANA— Continued.
Caddo Parish^ Shreveport^ 1888. — Station is in the east corner of court-house yard, near the comer
of Marshall and Milan streets. Station is marked by copper tack in post 2 feet long. This post is
distant 86 feet 8>^ inches, 65 feet 4>^ inches, and 94 feet 8 inches, respectively, from east comer of
parish court-house, edge of outside of the curbstone on Marshall street, and edge of the outside of the
curbstone on Milan street. The mark or range is the spire on cupola of distant house belonging to Mr.
Johnson, and bears 16^ 49^-6 west of true south. Spire on Y. M. C. A. bears 69° 04^.6 east of true north.
Central rod on post-office building bears 18® 48^.4 west of true north.
Calcasieu Parish^ Lake Charles^ /^po.— Station is in open square adjoining the court-house, in
rear of jail and between jail and lake. It is marked by a pine post 2 feet long sunk flush with surface
of the ground. This post is distant 54.2 feet from the inner edge of North street, 38.9 feet from the
inner edge of South street, and 120 feet from the inner edge of the shore line of Lake Charles. Spire
on Baptist church bears 52® 22^.4 east of true south. South pinnacle of the roof of jail bears 73® 19^.4
east of true south. North pinnacle of the roof of jail bears 88® 28^.6 east of true north.
Caldwell Parishy Columbia^ i^i. — ^The station is southwest of town on a range of hills that runs
north and south. It is in the cemetery on the hill opposite the one on which the graves are located.
It is marked by a stone post 6 inches square, set so^as to leave 3 inches projecting above the surface
of the ground. The exact location can be had from the authorities at the court-house. The mark or
range used was the jflagstaff on the public schoolhouse on Boatner street and bears 45® 11^.2 east of
true north.
Easl Balan Rou^e Parish^ Baton Rouge ^ /8g6. — Station is located in the grounds of the new
Louisiana State University, in the open space just in the rear of the treasurer's office, near the horti-
cultural garden. Station is marked by a pine post 2 feet long sunk flush with surface of ground.
This post is 75 feet from the northeast comer of the treasurer's office and 30 feet from the hedge around
the horticultural garden. The mark or range, spire of Catholic church, bears o® 05^ west of true
south. Center of student's society hall bears 11® 34^.0 west of true south, and the foot of a rod on
treasurer's office bears 65° 08^.3 west of true south.
Lafayetle Parish, Lafayette ^ i8go, — Station is in large open square at the intersection of Main
street and Lincoln avenue, owned by Judge James Parkerson. Station is marked by a cypress post
sunk 2 feet in the ground and flush with the surface. This post is distant 106 feet, 57 feet, and
64 feet, respectively, from edge of Main street, edge of Lincoln avenue, and corner of plank inclosure
between Judge Parkerson's grounds and garden. Rod on Judge Parkerson's house bears 35° 29^.7
west of true south. Center of cupola on the Judge's stable 53° 28^.7 west of true south. The flag
pole on depot hotel 71° 54^.7 east of true north.
Iberia Parish, Marsh Island light-house , 1886. — Observations were made at the triangulation
station on the west end of Marsh Island at the entrance to Vermilion Bay, near where the light-honse
formerly stood. Station was marked with a drain tile filled with cement.
Orleans Parish, New Orleans, 18%, — Station is very near center of mile race track and 81 feet
east of fence running north and south and dividing inclosed space into two fields. Station is due east
of gateway in this fence and bridge across draining ditch on slightly elevated roadway. The mark-
west door of large brick building south of track, line joining double doors — ^bears 3° 45^.2 west of true
south. In 190 1 observations were made at Audubon place.
Orleans Parish, East Base, Lake Pontchartrain, /8^6.—'BeLSt Base magnetic station is located on
the prolongation of the line from West Base to East Base triangulation stations about 15 meters east
of East Base. The mark or range used was West Base. Azimuth from East Base to West Base is
86° 37^.2 west of true south. East Base at ** West End," New Orleans, is the center of cross marked
on head of copp>er nail in cypress stump about 3 feet high. This stump is on the east bank of the
upper drainage canal due east from the schoolhouse upon the road on the opposite bank. Stump is
54.8 feet east from tree on east bank of canal and 52.6 feet from southwest comer of picnic house of
William Smith. Station is also about 230 meters above mouth of canal.
Rapides Parish, Alexandria, igoi. — The station is in the national cemetery at Pineville, on the
west side of the Red River. It is marked by a marble post 6 inches square, set so as to leave 3 inches
projecting above the ground. This post is 135 feet from the brick fence on the southeast side of the
320 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
LOUISIANA— Continued.
cemetery and 223.8 feet from the brick fence on the northeast side. The mark or range used was the
top of a well house on the southern part of the grounds, and bears 46° 27^.0 west of true south.
Rapides Parish, Cheneyinlle, /8g6. — Station is located in large open lot adjoining the Catholic
church and about 500 yards northeast of railroad station. It is marked by a pine post sunk 2 feet in
ground and flush with surface. This post is distant 160 feet from the northwest corner of the Catholic
church. The cross on the Catholic church bears 36° 43''.! east of true south. Spire on Colored
Methodist Church bears 16° 02^.4 west of true north.
St. John the Baptist Parish, Northivest Point, 18^6. — Magnetic station No. i is located on the shore
of the lake about 150 meters south-southwest of Northwest Point triangulation station. Mark or
range used was Northwest Point, and bears 67° 37^ east of true north. Station No. 2 is located on
shore of lake about 400 meters northeast of Northwest Point triangulation station. Triangulation
station bears from magnetic station 42® 52^.8 west of true south. Northwest Point station is the
center of a square hole, cut for the signal pole, in the cap block upon the side of the top of a C5rpress
tree, .sawed off about 40 feet above the ground on the northwest shore of Lake Pontchartrain. Three
trees were blazed and serve as reference marks, with 3 copper nails in each blaze. From base of
cypress to north-northwest tree (dead cypress), 14.95 meters; to west tree (live oak), 15.08 meters;
to north-northeast tree (cypress), 21.22 meters.
St, John the Baptist Parish, Kirsch, i8g6. — Magnetic station is located about 30 meters south of
triangulation station, which is about 20 meters from the lake shore on the property of Mr. Kirsch, near
the Illinois Central Railroad. Triangulation station is marked by a drain tile 2^ feet long filled with
cement and projecting 10 inches above the ground. It is distant 39.31 meters and 50.01 meters,
respectively, from the north and south comers of dwelling house.
St. John the Baptist Parish, Frenier, /8^. — Station is located on the prolongation of the line from
" magnetic C3rpress " to Frenier triangulation station, at a distance of about 10 meters to the south of
this last station. Frenier triangulation station is on shore of lake opposite the post-office and railroad
station. Station is marked by head of copper nail sunk in the cement filling of a drain pipe which
projects above the ground about i foot.
St. Mary Parish, Morgan City, i8g6. — Station is in the center of a grass plot in front of a
wooden house occupied by a Mr. Frank Williams, on the north bank of the Bayou Tigre, just east
of Morgan City. It is 35 feet north of edge of Bayou Tigre. The mark — ^the rod in the center of Mr.
Bateman*s house on south side of Bayou Tigre — ^bears 45° 11^. i west of true south. Spire of Catholic
Church bears 46** 49^-9 west of true north. Station is 98)^ feet east of one red haw tree and 21 feet
southwest of another.
Tangipahoa Parish, Amite, i8g6, — Station is located in eastern part of court-house grounds, just
in the rear of the Episcopal church. It is marked by a pine post sunk 2 feet in the ground and Hush
with surface. This post is 70 feet from the plank fence around the Episcopal church and 185 feet from
the northeast corner of the court-house. The flag pole on the court-house bears 62^ 05^.9 west of true
south. The rod on the court-house 67° 52^.1 west of true south. Cross on Episcopal church 2° 28^.9
west of true south.
MAINE.
Aroostook County, Houltoft, 1887. —The station is located in the parade grounds of old Hancock
Barracks, about i mile east of town. The exact point is over the center of the central granite pier of
the three piers which mark the county meridian. The point of the southern pier was used as the mark
or range and found to bear 0° 03^ east of true south.
Aroostook County, F^esque Isle, i88j. — ^The station is in the large open park in front of the Phair
Hotel, on Main street. It is 74 feet from the body of the third elm tree from Main street on north side
of park and 83.5 feet from the third elm tree on south side of park.
Cumberland County, Portland, /8gj. — Station is located in the grounds of Mrs. J. B.Brown, on
Bramhall hill. It is 164 feet from the brick wall along the north side of Mrs. Brown's property and
45.5 feet from the picket fence along the west side of her property. The center of the sur\'eyor's
central stone is distant 362.5 feet and bears 28° 05''. 7 west of true north. The center of the cupola of
the Maine General Hospital bears 23° 44^.3 east of true north.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 32 1
MAINE— Continued.
Franklin County ^ Farmington, 1S87, — The station is located in the flats of Sand River south of the
town and in the rear of Prescott's factory. It is on land owned by B3rron Farrar. It is distant 56.5
yards from the south comer of Prescott's factory and 55 yards from the fence at the end of Cross
street. The mark or range used was the court-house spire, which bears 9° 26' west of true north. The
center of the State normal school cupola bears 26^ 05^ east of true north.
Lincoln County, Datnariscotta, 1887. — Station is in the open triangular lot in front of the Methodist
church, at the intersection of Main and Church streets. The station is equidistant from the comers of
the brick foundation of this church, being 27 meters from each. The mark or range used was the spire
of the Baptist church, and bears 52° 11^.8 west of tme south.
Penobscot County , Bangor, /^P5. — Station is on Thomas hill and is marked by a marble post 6 by
2 by 18 inches, sunk flush with surface of ground. This post is 93 feet from the fence around Governor
Davis's yard, which marks the southern boundary of Highland street. It is also distant 95 feet from
the fence of the Prentis property, which is in line with the northern boundary of Thomas street (now
known as Highland avenue), when extended across Highland street. The central rod on Carrier's
tannery bears 51' 42' east of true south. The East Bangor Meetinghouse spire bears 20° 15'' east of
true south.
Penobscot County, Mattawamkeag, 1887. — ^The station is due south of the residence of G. W.
Smith, in the large open lot between Mr. Smith's house and Mr. Joseph Laing's house. Exact point
is marked by a solid locust post driven flush with surface of ground. This post is 42 feet from the
fence next to Mr. Smith's bam, and 167.5 ^^^ from the fence along the road.
Piscataquis County, Greenville, 1887, — The station is in the large open lot north of the Lake
House and due east of the South Cove of Moosehead Lake. It is distant 178.5 feet from the north
side of the Lake House bam and 94 feet west of the fence along the road to the east of Lake House.
Somerset County, Pittsfield^ 1887.— The station is located on the grounds of the Central Maine
Institute, opposite the entrance to Pleasant street. It is 62 yards from the northwest comer of the
main building and 35.5 yards distant from the comer of Mr. John Millet's picket fence.
Washington County, Calais, i8gs. — Station is 421 meters due south of the transit pier, in a
pasture belonging to Mr. Murchie. It is 61 ^ meters to the fence to the northwest and 85 meters
to the fence to the southwest. The transit pier is on the top of the ledge back of the high school.
Washington County, Dan/orth, /AJ/.— Danforth Is tiie nearest railroad station to the town
of Bancroft, and is about 3 miles distant. The magnetic station is in the north edge of the village
on the summit of the hill just in front of the district school, No. 5, distant 35 yards from the south
fence and 57 yards from the east fence. Exchange Hotel is east of south of magnetic station.
Washington County, Eastport, i8gj. — Magnetic hut on parade grounds of Fort Sullivan.
Washington County, Machiasport, 1887. — Station is on United States property just in rear of Fort
O'Brien. It is 135 feet a little north of west from the center of the old earthen magazine.
Washington County, Mill Bridge, 1887. — Station is on the summit of the hill due north of the
Christian Church on Bridge street. It is 158 feet from the north comer of the brick foundation
of this church and 190.5 feet from the east corner.
Washington County y Vanceboro, 1887.— The station is in the open lot adjoining the Catholic
church. It is distant 79 feet and 98 feet, respectively, from the northwest and northeast comers of this
church. Catholic church is about due south of Maine Central Railroad station and hotel.
Vorh County, Kittery Point, i8g8. — Station is located on the lawn in front of the old "Sparhawk
House." It is 75 feet almost due south from the door of this house, and distant 42 feet, 48 feet, and
30 feet, respectively, from three trees, the first to the east of north, second west of north, and third
south of west.
MARYLAND.
Allegany County, Cumberland, i8g7. — In the large open area on Camp Hill, north of Rose Hill
Cemetery and south of Willis Creek. To find station, go 75 paces along the north iron fence of
cemetery, starting from northeast corner, then 75 paces at right angles toward Willis Creek. Accord-
ing to town map this area is subdivided into lots and streets, but no sig^ of the latter on the ground
at present. Station may have been between Sedgewick and Niagara streets. According to the map
it is about 4 667 feet due west of middle point of Decatur street, on which Mosman's astronomical and
2 7478 — 02 2 1
322 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
MARYLANEK— Continued.
magnetic stations of 1864 were located. Station is also about 2 744 feet west of court-house and about
I 280 feet north, and may possibly be over a cement mine. Site was selected in the absence of the
county surveyor by Thomas L. Patterson.
Allegany County ^ Lonaconing, i8g8, — In the south part of baseball field south of Maryland Coal
Company's office. The precise point is marked by a locust stake, and can be indicated by Mr. F. E.
Brackett, superintendent of the coal company.
Allegany County ^ Westemport^ ^^97' — The station is on north side of hill along road leading
down the river from West Virginia Railroad station and about 100 yards east of last house.
Anne Arundel County ^ Annapolis^ iSgj. — On the Naval Academy grounds, in the open area near
the observatory, 45 paces west-northwest of observatory and 62 paces northeast of Hemdon monument.
Site was chosen by Professor Terry, in charge of the physical department of the academy.
Anne Arundel County, Annapolis, igoo. — Observations were made over both ends of the meridian
line located on the Naval Academy grounds, in the large open space south of the naval cemetery.
The north stone is 93 feet from cemetery road, 190 feet from Severn county road, and about 300 feet
from the south stone.
Anne Arundel County, Fairhaven, i8gy, — On the hill not far from the steamboat landing.
Anne Arundel County, Webb, 1899. — Near the 1897 scaffold of the triangulation station, about
94 >^ feet southeast from granite post marking the station. This is near the site of fioutelle*s magnetic
station of 1868.
Baltimore County, Bradshaw, i8g/. — On the grounds of Colonel Taylor, east of the Baltimore and
Ohio station, 25 paces south-southeast of locust tree.
Baltimore County, Cockeysville, 1896. — On Mr. Cockeyes property, a large open lot on right of
road, near stone bridge. The station is about 500 feet west of road and 25 feet east of a clump of three
willow trees.
Baltimore County, Hydes, 1897. — On Mr. Hyde's tract, l»ck of garden behind the store €md railroad
office, about 125 paces west of railroad track.
Baltimore County, Birkton, i8g^. — On top of the hill west of the railroad station and over the
first boundary stone marking the property of the railroad company. This boundary stone is on the
hill, about 20 yards north of wooden fence leading up the hill.
Baltimore County, Reistertoivn, i8gg. — In the large open field west of the Franklin School.
Baltimore County, Towson, 1897. — In the ample grounds on the west side of the court-house. A
meridian line was established at the time and marked by substantial granite posts. The observations
were made over these posts.
Baltimore City County, Baltimore, J8p^. — ^The station is in the extreme eastern part of Fort
McHenry, between a locust tree and the sea wall. It is marked by a locust post 13 yards from the tree
and 16.5 yards from the sea wall. Lazaretto Point light-house bears 80° 30^ east of true north. Fort
Carroll light-house bears 44® 20^ east of true south.
Calvert County, Prince Fredericktown, i8g6. — In the grounds of the court-house, between its
southwest com^ and small frame building occupied at the time by a shoemaker; 15 paces north of
latter building and 25 paces due east of wooden structure used as a jail. The roadbed of proposed
Drum Point Railroad is about 200 feet to the west.
Calvert County, Prince Fredericktoxvn, igoo, — Observations were made over both ends of the mer-
idian line located in the court-house square. The south stone is 13.8 feet from the south fence, 33.3
feet from the east fence, and about 200 feet from the north stone.
Caroline County, Denton, /pcx?.— Observations were made over both ends of the meridian line,
which is located in the court-house yard. The north stone is 55 feet east of the fence of the jail yard.
The south stone is 260 feet from the north stone and 2 feet north of the edge of the walk along the
south side of the square.
Caroline County, Ridgely, i8g6. — On the grounds in the rear of frame schoolhouse, comer of
First street and First avenue west; 53 feet west of southwest comer of rear extension of schoolhouse
and 31^ feet east of young maple tree.
Carroll County, Manchester, i8gg, — In the lot back of the schoolhouse and Methodist church, 37
feet east of large cherry tree and 104.3 feet from northwest comer of schoolhotise. Marked by a tent
peg.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 323
MARYLAND— Continued.
Carroll County, Sykesmlle, iSgg. — The station is in the large open field, about 300 feet back of
the new brick school.
Carroll County, Taneytozvn, i8gg. — In the yard back of Prof. Henry Meier's Academy, 307 feet
from west fence, 19.2 feet from east fence, and 62.8 feet from north comer of small frame house.
Professor Meier proposes to mark the station permanently.
Carroll County, Westminster, i8g6, — In the grounds back of court-house, about 22 paces west of
back entrance, near edge of pavement. Site not a good one.
Carroll County, Westminster, j^oo, — Observations were made over both ends of the meridian line
located in the grounds of the Western Maryland College, about i mile north of the court-house. The
south stone is in the athletic grounds, 60 feet from a garden fence and 65 feet from a small w^ooden
stable. The north stone is near the northern boimdary of the college property. From the south stone
the spire of the German Reformed church bears 12® 35' west of true north.
Cecil County, Calvert, i8gg, — Station is near southeast comer of school lot, about in line with
east edge of school and 16 paces north of large oak.
Cecil County, Elkton, i8g6, — ^The station was within a few feet of the south stone of the meridian
line in the high-school grounds, established in 1900.
Cecil County, Elkton, igoo, — ^The station is the south stone of the meridian line in the high-school
grounds. It is 36 feet from the west fence, 34.5 feet from the south fence, and about 270 feet from the
north stone.
Cecil County, Rising Sun, i8gg. — Station is in Mr. H. J. Briscoe's field, near the north comer of
fence and east of railroad station. Precise point is marked by a tent peg.
Charles County, La Plata, i8gT. — ^When establishing the meridian line in the west grounds of the
court-house yard, observations were made at various points and no appreciable local attraction found.
The adopted station is the south monument. The 1896 station is now covered by a wooden fence
surrounding the grounds.
Dorchester County, Cambridge, 18^7, — In the grounds on the south side of the court-house, over
the southeast monument of the true northwest-southeast line established in 1897. This monument,*
owing to the nature of the soil and of the surroundings, had to be placed on the grounds adjacent to
the court-house lot, owned by Mr. James Wallace. Water was struck about 3 feet below the surface.
This monument is a granite post, seven inches square and ^%, feet long, projecting about 8 inches
above the ground and having in its center a brass bolt with a cross cut in to mark the northwest-
southeast line. The northwest monument is a similar pillar and is fully 350 feet away. There may
be a slight local disturbance near the latter, owing to vicinity of court-house.. The southeast monu-
ment is doubtless free of local attraction; near the jail, however, a decided disturbing influence makes
itself felt.
Dorchester County, Hurlock, i8g6. — Directly in front of frame schoolhouse, on the right-hand side
of road to East Newmarket, near the road.
Dorchester County, Hooper Island, igo2. — Observations were made at Rip triangulation station,
at the southern end of Hooper Island.
Frederick County, Frederick, i8g6. — First station: In the southeast part of the grounds back of the
State Deaf and Dtmib Asylum. Marked by two stakes, one i^ by iX l>y 8 inches, and another 4 feet
west ^ by 2 by 8 inches; the former marks the station and was driven flush with the ground; the
station is 26 paces north of the south hedge fence and 34 paces from southeast comer of hedge.
Second station: North meridian stone in the grounds on the east side of the court-house. (The first
station is the preferable one. )
Frederick County, Libertytown, i8gg, — In the large lot back of schoolhouse, opposite Liberty
Hotel. The precise point is marked by a solid stub 167.9 ^^^^ from north front of schoolhouse, 46.35
feet from northwest comer of small house, 33.35 feet from east fence, and 25.5 feet from hue of locust
trees on west side.
Garrett County, Accident, i8gp, — In south comer of school lot, opposite Bellevue Hotel. Marked
by a stake, which is 62.9 feet from east comer of frame schoolhouse and 93.7 feet from west corner.
Garrett County, Backbone Mountain, 18^7. — On the summit of Backbone or Big Savage Mountain,
near the Michler monument, a monument built of dressed stones and about 4 feet high. The precise
324 MAGNETIC DECUNATION TABLES FOR 1902.
MARYLAND— Continued.
point was about 11 feet south of the monument, which is about 15 000 feet north of the Fairfax stone
and about 3 323 feet above sea level.
Garrett County, Camp Fairfax , /^p/.— Near the bam on Pat Fljrnn's farm, situated east of the
Michler line and between the Fairfax and Backbone monuments.
Garrett County , Corunna^ 1900. — On W. McCulloh Brown's estate, south of Oakland. Precise
point was over the north monument of the meridian line established by L. A. Bauer in 1897.
Garrett County, Fairfax stone, /8g/. — ^This stone was the initial point of the Michler survey of
the western boundary line, and is situated at one of the head springs of the North Branch of the
Potomac River. The original Fairfax stone, planted in 1745, has disappeared since the Michler survey
( 1859), ^^^ instead is a monument about 3 to 4 feet high, which Lieutenant Michler stated he placed
directly behind the Fairfax stone, and used as a pier for his instrument. The magnetic observations
are made some few feet north of the stone, but mainly, however, at a point 463 feet nortli.
Garrett County, Fike Hill East, 1897. — The magnetic station was 30 feet a little west of north
from the Michler monument.
Garrett County, Fike Hill West, 1897. — North of a large flat rock at north end of clearing for the
mendian line.
Garrett County, Grantsville, i8gg. — Near the west comer of schoolhouse lot, opposite Farmer's
Hotel, marked by a cherry stake 2 by 2 inches square, with brass screw in top, and having a pine stake
driven alongside as a wedge. This stake is 69.25 feet from east comer of schoolhouse, and 32. S feet
from second locust tree east of gate of entrance to school.
Garrett County, Lower Hill, 1897. — A few feet north of stone projecting about a foot above the
ground, with a copper bolt in it, which L. A. Bauer planted in 1897 to mark his meridian line. A few
feet east is a pile of stones placed by Lieutenant Michler in 1859.
Garrett County, McHenry, 18^. — Over red sandstone rock in lot south of frame schoolhouse,
directly north of Brison Welsh's house. The point is marked by a one-half inch hol^ drilled in the
rock 57.7 feet from the southwest comer of schoolhouse and 66.8 feet from southeast comer.
Garrett County, New Germany, i8gg. — On Mr. J. C. Otto's farm. In the meadow about 300 feet
east of house and about 25 yards east of garden. Precise point is marked by a one-half inch hole
drilled in a large flat sandstone sticking out of the ground. There is another stone about 10 feet west.
Garrett County, Oakland, i8gg. — In the court-house yard over the south monument of the meridian
line established by L. A. Bauer in 1897.
Garrett County, Snaggy Mountain, 1897, — ^The magnetic station is marked by a hole drilled in a
rock 75.85 feet nearly north of Michler monument.
Garrett County, Swanton, i8gg. —In the southeast comer of garden in front of W. H. Lohr's frame
dwelling, used as a boarding house. Precise point is marked by a nail in a stake driven in an old
stump about one-fourth foot above the ground.
Garrett County, Taylors Hill, 1897.— The magnetic station is 51.3 feet north-northwest of meridian
station.
Harford County, Belair, 1897. — When establishing a meridian line observations were made at
various points in vicinity of the court-house. The 1896 station back of the hotel was reoccupied and
a new station was established in the Dallam lot, back of the jail. Belair is in the midst of great
regional disturbances, and a small change in the position of the station will produce large changes in
the magnetic elements.
Harford County, Belair, 1897.— In the garden back of Rouse House, a hotel, no paces back of
the house, 41 paces north of south barbed wire fence, and 34 paces west of east fence at a point where
stands a small willow tree. The above hotel is now known as Eagle Hotel.
Harford County, Bclcamp, i8g6. — On the farm belonging to Mr. James Walsh and occupied at
present by Mr. E. J. Cottle, about 400 feet back of railroad station, 34 paces west of first locust tree, 25
paces south of wild cherrj' tree, and 29 paces west of hay crib blown down by storm.
Harford County, Cardiff, 1897, — Region of serpentine quarries. In 1897 eleven additional
stations in vicinity were occupied for the purpose of mapping out the disturbed area. At most of the
additional stations simply the dip was observed.
Harford County, Cardiff Railroad, /8p6. — In open lot about 100 yards southeast of railroad
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 325
MARYLAND— Continued.
station, 32 paces from the white wooden fence, and 8 paces from fence near road. (In 1897 additional
stations were obtained in Cardiff and vicinity. Marked local disturbances were encountered. )
Harford County, Peerless quarry, 18^7. — On the property of the Peerless slate quarry, about i
mile east of Cardiff.
Harford County, Schoolhouse, 1897. — Cardiff schoolhouse lot. The station is in the back lot and
is marked by a hole cut in the largest gray stone sticking out of the ground.
Harford County, Boundary, 18^7. — On mine hill (serpentine rocks) about 27 feet west of State
boundary stone (date, 1774).
Harford County, Churchville, 18^7, — In the orchard back of Church ville hotel, owned by Lawrence
Forwood, and between the first two apple trees.
Harford County, Dublin, 1897, — ^The station was in the field back of the hotel and was purposely
placed on the largest gabbro rock jutting out of the ground. The desire was to ascertain the effect
from these rocks. It will be seen that the elements are disturbed, the declination, for example, being
about 4^ too high. The surveyor should make no use of the values given for this place.
Harford County, Forest Hill, i8g6. — In the large open lot of E. Tucker & Co., west of railroad
depot, 200 paces from fence comer nearest the depot and 46 paces east-northeast of cherry tree.
Harford County, Havre de Grace, 18^. — Station is on the grounds between Havre de Grace
light and the light-keeper's house, about in line with light and porch of house and 26 paces ea.st of
house. Precise point is a one-half inch hole drilled in a solid stone, flush with the ground, which at
one time formed the northwest pier of a small dwelling. There is a similar stone 7 paces south,
another 8 paces east, and still another 13 paces east.
Hatford County, Highland, 18^7.— In the field south of the Presbyterian church.
Harford County, Minefield, 1897.— 'Sear Rigdon*s abandoned iron-ore mines. The purpose of
making observations at this disturbed place was to ascertain the amount of disturbance.
Harford County, Thomas Run, 18^7.— On the farm of Major Caldwell, of Baltimore City, leased at
present by John Lochary, 30 paces from the fence along main road and opposite the blacksmith shop.
Howard County, Ellicott City, i8g6.—ln the grounds back of public school upon the hill near
the court-house and west of old Patapsco Institute, 40 paces back of frame school building near oak
tree and 7 paces north of south wooden fence.
Ellicott City, igoo. — Observations were made on both ends of the meridian line on the grounds
of the Patapsco Institute on the hill, a short distance from the court-house. The north stone is 22 feet
from the north fence and 89 feet from the west fence.
Hoivard County, Lisbon, i8gg. — Near the southwest corner of schoolhouse lot. A graveyard
adjoins the lot. The precise point is 19.3 feet from the west fence (wood), 23.6 feet from the south
fence (wood), and 79.3 feet from the southwest corner of schoolhouse, a frame one-story building.
Kent County, Betterton, i8gg. — Station is on the hill west of Betterton Hotel, owned by Mr. John
Henry Crew. Precise spot is in line with chestnut tree, northeast side hill, and northeast corner of
Mr. Crew's house, about one-third of the way from said tree. Point is marked by a wooden peg.
Kent County, Chestertown, i8g7. —A true northeast and southwest line was marked permanently
in 1897 in the grounds of the court-house. As there exists at this place a small artificial local attrac-
tion another station in the grounds of Washington College was occupied in order to obtain the correc-
tions for the court-house station.
Kent County, Massey, i8g6. — On the north side of road to Clayton, near small schoolhouse, about
I mile from railroad station, 121 feet northwest of northwest comer of schoolhouse.
Kent County, Tolchester, i8g7. — In the race-track field back of the picnic grounds.
Montgomery County, Cross Roads I, i8gg. — ^The station is iji a field belonging to Mr. Trundle and
occupied by Mr. E. L. Heim. It is 84 paces from nearest comer of tobacco house and 48 paces from
road. It is northwest of the tobacco house.
Montgomery County, Cross Roads II, i8gg, — The station is situated on a large open field belonging
to Mr. B. R. Cod wise. It is 39 paces from the road and 195 paces from a tree near the center of the
fields The station is northwest of the cross roads.
Montgomery County, Damascus, i8g6. — On Dr. Lansdale's lot, 18 paces from west comer and 42
paces from small house at east corner.
326 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
MARYLAND— Continued.
Montgomery County, Derwood, iS^g. — ^The station is located on the property of Mr. W. W,
Stewart and occupied by Mr. H. E. Clark. It is marked by a stake which is 62.5 paces northeast of a
cherry tree on the edge of the road and 65.5 paces from the northeast corner of the barn in the field.
Montgomery County, Dickerson, igoo. — ^The station is on the farm of Mr. Dickerson, about 500
feet directly north of the railroad depot, in the direction of Sugarloaf Mountain. It is 28 paces west
of a clump of locust trees and 18 paces south of a fence.
Montgomery County, Forest Glen, i8g6.—On the njdLss plat under maple tree east of road directly
in front of Catholic cemetery.
Montgomery County, Gaithersburg, 1899*— The station is immediately in front of I. T. Falk*s
farmhouse. The point is marked w^ith a stone below the surface of the ground with a cross on it. It
is 38.6 feet from the front of the house and 23 feet from a cedar tree to the south and 19. 2 feet from a
cedar tree to east of north.
Montgomery County, Gaithersburg ^ I, Ily III, iSgg. — These stations are in the lot surrounding
the International Geodetic Association latitude station.
Montgomery County, Gaithersburg, IV, igoo. — This is the magnetic observatory in same lot.
Montgomery County, Hunting Hill^ i8gg, — The station is in the field of Mr. I. B. Ward. It is
marked by a stake which is 280.2 feet from the northeast corner of Mr. Ward's store and 381 feet from
the southwest corner of his barn and stable.
Montgomery County, Linden, igoo, — In the middle of Prof. M. H. Doolittle*s rear garden, 94.1 feet
northwest of northeast comer of frame dwelling house and 84. i feet northeast of northwest corner of
same house. The station is marked by a sandstone post six inches square projecting 6 inches above
the ground. A small hole drilled in the center of the upper surface of the stone marks the point.
The primary azimuth mark was the extreme tip of the Chevy Chase standpipe, 3 miles distant;
azimuth 39° 15^.7 west of true south. The secondary azimuth mark was the extreme tip of tower of
Major Lawrence's house, about 200 yards distant; azimuth 66** 46^.8 west of true south.
Montgomery County, Middtebrook, i8gg. — The station is located on land belonging to Mr. J. T.
Cuxton, at the intersection of the road to Waring and the road to Middlebrook. It is 37 paces from
the large chimney and 63 paces from the kitchen chimney of the present house. The station is north-
east of the crossroads and to the south of both chimneys.
Montgomery County^ Quince Orchard, i8gg. — The station is located in a field belonging to Mr.
John T. Higden. It is 116 paces from a small apple tree at the road fence and 67 paces from the
corner of a fence almost due west.
Montgomery County, Redtand, i8gg. — ^The station is near the road in a field belonging to Mr.
Thomas P. Cashell. It is 136 paces from a large oak tree in the middle of the field and 46 paces to
the fence, measuring directly toward a large cherry tree on the other side of the road.
Montgomery County, Rockville^ 1897, — In middle of a field back of court-house, owned by Mr.
Rabbitt and leased by Mr. Poss, who keeps a livery stable.
Rockvilley I goo, — Observations were made over the south meridian stone in the academy grounds,
distant 41 feet from the south fence and 93 feet from the west fence. The north meridian stone is 21.5
feet from the north fence and 96 feet from the west fence.
Montgomery County, Seneca, 1897. — In the large field belonging to Mr. John West, and northeast
of crossing of canal over Seneca Creek. The station is 150 paces from the road and northeast of
George Good's house, and near the south one of the two oak trees.
Montgomery County, Seneca, /8gg. — The station is located in a field belonging to Mr. H. West.
It is near the point where the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal crosses Seneca Creek, being several
hundred feet from each of the above-mentioned bodies of water. It is 84 paces east of a large walnut
tree and 97 paces southwest of a post near the comer of the field. It is north of the canal and east of
the creek.
Montgomery County, Unity, i8g6. — In the lot back of stable adjacent to Mr. Waters's store, rented
at present by Mr. Schwartz; 26 paces east of Mr. Schwartz's milk house and 50 paces southwest of
Mr. Clay Brown's brick house.
Montgofnery County, Waring, i8gg. — ^The station is located in a field of the Waring heirs, about
500 feet from the fence along the railroad cut and 330 feet from the fence along the road to south. It
is also about 1 10 feet from the northwest comer of the garden.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 327
MARYLAND— Continued.
Prince George County^ Cheltenham. — ^At the Coast and Geodetic Survey Magnetic Observatory, on
the grounds of the State Reform School.
Prince George County , Upper Marlboro ^ i8g6. — In the southeast comer of the court-house grounds,
down in the hollow; 13.9 feet west of maple tree and 88 feet from southeast corner of court-house,
marked by a round i^-inch pine stub with a brass tack.
Prince George County^ Upper Marlboro^ igoo, — The south meridian stone is in the academy
grounds, 75 feet from the front door of the academy building and 58 feet from the fence on the street.
The north meridian stone is also in the grounds of the academy, on the edge of the bluff. Prom the
south stone the cupola of the Southern Maryland Bank bears 42° 58'' east of true south.
Queen Anne County ^ CentervUle^ ^^97' — iJi the grounds of the Centerville. Academy for Boys, about
one-eighth of a mile east of court-house, 62 feet south of south corner of academy, and 44 feet west of
young sycamore tree.
Queen Anne County, Kent Island South Base, ^^97- — Near the so-called South Base station of 1895.
The 1897 station is in the field west of old dwelling house on the old Price farm. The farm is now
owned by the National Bank of Centerville, and the present tenant is Mr. Palmer. The precise point
is 100 paces southwest of present entrance to dwelling house, 39 paces from southwest corner of garden
fence, and 45 paces north of row of three pear trees. The site of the monument marking the South
Base station in 1845 is now about one half or three-fourths mile in the Chesapeake Bay.
St. Mary County, Leonardtown, 18^. — In the southwest comer of the cotirt-house lot, 92 feet
from southwest comer of court-house and 23 X feet from southwest corner post of wooden fence.
Leonardtown, igoo. — ^The station is the south end of the meridian line in the court-house square.
It is 9 feet from the wooden fence on south side and 9 feet from the west wooden fence. The north
stone is about 300 feet distant.
St. Mary County, Mechanicsville, 1896. — In the garden of Hotel Mattingly, 18 feet northeast of
mulberry tree and 9>^ feet west of wooden fence. Dip station ^}i feet north of mulberry tree.
Somerset County, Crisfield, 1896. — In the large open lot west of the academy on Twelfth and
street; 60 paces from southwest comer of academy (a frame building) in a line with rear side of
academy.
Somerset County, Princess Anne, i8g6, — In the southeast part of the spacious grounds around the
new school building; 62 paces southeast of entrance to school, 40 paces north of large oak tree in
southeast comer of lot, 10 paces west of east fence. These grounds have been the site of a school-
house for about one hundred years.
Princess Anne, 1900. — Observations were made over both ends of the meridian line, which is
located in the high-school grounds. The south stone is 55 feet from the south fence, 95 feet from the
east fence, and about 350 feet from the north stone.
Talbot County, Easton, 1897. — ^When establishing the meridian line in 1897 magnetic observations
were made at various points. The station which is located in the fair grounds outside of the city is
the one adopted in the magnetic survey.
Talbot County, Oxford, 1897, — Is near Mr. Schott's station of 1856. The station was on the beach
in front of Sinclair's hotel.
Talbot County, Tilghmans Island, 18^7. — In B. B. Sinclair's field back of Mi:s. Lee's hotel, about
I mile nearly north of the landing of the Baltimore, Chesapeake and Atlantic Railway steamers; about
20 paces east of Mrs. Lee's back fence and same distance south of road on the north side of Mrs. Lee's
grounds. The island is about one-half mile wide at this point and the station is just about midway.
The steamboat landing is on the east side of the island.
Washington County, Hagerstown, i8g6. — In the grounds on the east side of the Hagerstown
Academy, down on the slope near the second maple tree on the right-hand side of path to railroad
station. The tracks of the Western Maryland Railroad are about 300 feet to the west and those of
the Cumberland Railroad about 500 feet to the east. Site was chosen by the county surveyor, Mr.
Piper. Marked by an ash stave which broke off when driven. Limestone rocks crop out of the
ground.
Washington County, Hagerstozvn, igoo. — ^The station is the north stone of the United States Geo-
logical Survey meridian line on the almshouse farm, about 1^ miles north of the city. The stone
328 MAGNETIC DECUNATION TABLES FOR 1902.
MARYLAND— Continued.
is 296.5 feet east of the schoolhouse and 4 feet south of the fence line. The mark or range used was
the lightning rod on the square tower of the almshouse, and bears 20® 26^.2 east of true south.
Washington County, Hancock, i8gj. — In the large open field belonging to Mr. Brosius, north of
railroad depot.
Washington County, Maryland Heights, 1897, — At extreme southern end of fort, in a small open
space at end of path leading south from highest point of fort. ( It was not easy to find the old Coast
and Geodetic Siu-vey station of 1870. ) According to present indications it would seem to fall in a
thicket of trees. I therefore chose the best site at present available. (L. A. B., July 27, 1897. )
Wicomico County, Parsonsburg, i8g6, — In open lot, 170 paces south of Baltimore, Chesapeake
and Atlantic Railroad station. Lot owned by proprietor of sawmill opposite station.
Wicomico County, Salisbury, /8p6. — First station: On the grounds in front of the court-house,
on the right-hand side of walk to entrance of court-house, about 14 feet south of south edge of this
walk and 20 feet east of east edge of pavement. Brick buildings rather close. The second station
should be given preference.
Second station: On the grounds of Mr. Thomas Humphreys, attorney at law, about 175 yards
southeast of the court-house on the opposite side of Lake Humphreys. This is the site of the
county meridian line established in 1896. Observations were made over the south monument and
likewise 16 feet east of north monument, and is the preferable station. Site was chosen by Mr. Peter
Shockley, county surveyor.
Worcester County, Berlin, i8g6. — In the northwest corner of Buckingham High School grounds;
61.2 feet from the northwest corner of the frame building and 21.8 feet (at right angles) from the
fence in the rear of grounds.
Worcester County, Ocean City, i8g6. — Near life-saving station, 200 paces north and 200 paces west,
in large, open, sandy area north of Bruce Cottage, northwest of schoolhouse, between Baltimore and
Philadelphia avenues.
Worcester County, Pocamoke City, i8p6. — In the northeast part of the grounds about the academy;
36 paces east of academy, 1 1 paces west of east hedge fence, and 25 paces south of north hedge fence.
Worcester County, Snow Hill, i8g6.— In the southwest corner of the court-house lot: 61.8 feet
from southwest comer of court-house, (>% feet west of large sycamore tree. No fence around the lot,
simply a stone ciu-b. Station is 21.2 feet north of south curb and 15.2 feet east of west curb. Station
too near to buildings.
Snow Hill, I goo. — Observations were made over both the meridian stones of the meridian line
which is located in the circular race track just east of the town and the railway station. The south
stone is 155 feet north of the south fence and 295 feet east of the west fence of the race-track property.
The north stone is about 200 feet from the south stone.
MASSACHUSETTS.
Barnstable County, Provincetown, 18^^- — Station is in the town park, on the hill in the rear of the
Pilgrim House. Station is marked by a granite post 4 by 4 inches and 2 feet long, sunk flush with
surface of ground. This stone is 60 feet a little east of north from the signal flag pole, and is also 60
feet from inner edge of fence along east side of park. The central rod on Wood End light-house bears
7° 10' west of true south. The central rod on Highland light-house bears 82° 2y east of true south,
and the new town-hall spire bears 18® 43^ east of true south.
Berkshire County, Williamstown, i8g8. — Station is in the grounds of what is known as the
'* Williams College Field Observatory," and is 150 feet west and 450 feet south of the transit circle.
Station is marked by a copper bolt in a limestone post firmly set in ground and projecting about
6 inches above ground.
Essex County, Newburyport, i8p8. — Station is 450 feet northwest of the Plum Island Hotel bam.
It is just west of the road, among some sand hills.
Essex County, Salem {Fort Lee), i8g7. — Station is on the covered way in center of old Fort Lee.
The remains of the fort are to the right of the road to Hospital Point.
Middlesex County, Cambridge, /8gj. — The station is located in the large open space in the east
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 329
MASSACHUSETTS-Continued.
side of the observatory yard, just north of the road that enters the yard on the east — the main entrance.
Point is marked by a solid cedar post, with a copper screw.
Nantucket County^ Nantucket Cliffy ^^95- — Station is marked by a white-oak post distant 160 feet
from the northwest comer of the porch of Charles H. Dauchy's house and 13.6 feet from the western
boundary of the Dauchy property. Allen property on the west
Plymouth County^ Cromeset^ 1887. — Geodetic and magnetic station is located on the first point to
the northward of the extreme end of Cromeset Neck.
Suffolk County y Boston y 1890. — Station is the north meridian stone of the meridian line on Boston
Common
Suffolk County y South Boston y Castle Island y i8g6, — Station is marked by a short gi:anite block,
sunk flush with surface. This block is about 13 centimeters square and has a ridge running north
and south. This stone is 31.5 meters from the sea wall on the southeast side of island, and is also
133 meters from the extreme southeast point of Port Independence and 107.7 meters from the north-
east comer of brick hospital building. The mark or range used was Head House flag pole, Marine
Park, City Point, and bears 68° 43^ west of true south.
Worcester County y Worcester yi8g8. — Station is located on the larger of the two small islands in the
lake of the institute park, just north of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Point marked with a
granite post 4^ feet long, projecting 8 inches. South of this stone, in the grounds of the institute, a
similar granite post was set, thus marking the true meridian. The mark or range used was the rod on
the band stand, which bears 18° 02^.0 east of true south.
MICHIGAN.
Chippetva County y Sault Ste, Marie y i8gi. — ^The station is northwest of the military post cemetery,
46.5 feet from the west fence of same and lOi feet from the fence forming the south boundary of the
cemetery when prolonged. It is marked by a terra-cotta pipe sunk flush with the surface of the
ground.
Kalamazoo County y Kalamazoo y /poo.— The station is located on the grounds of the Michigan
Seminary building, to the northeast of the town. It is on the slope of the hill to the west of the main
building, 29 feet north of the north edge of the road which is an extension of Bridge street. It is
about 200 yards west of Seminary street, and is marked by a stone post 6 inches square, lettered on
top U. S. C. & G. S. , sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The southeast edge of the seminary
building bears 41° 20^ east of true north.
Observations were also made at the old station in the park near the jail.
Marquette County y Marquettey i8pi. — ^The station is on the United States reservation and near its
western boundary and about 800 feet northwest of the light-house. It is on the summit of a knoll
just north of the life-saving station. It is marked by a small terra-cotta pipe sunk so that its top is
even with the surface of the ground. This pipe is 248.5 feet from the northwest corner of the life-
saving station and 104.5 ^^^^ from the western boundary of the reservation.
Ottawa County y Grand Haven, i8gr. — The station is on the south side of the court-house grounds,
21.10 meters from Franklin street and 44. 10 meters from Fourth street. It is marked by a small terra-
cotta drainpipe sunk flush with the surface of the ground.
St. Joseph County y Sturg^iSy igoo, — The station is located on the county farm, about 4 miles east
of town. It is on a small knoll north of the poorhouse, 112.1 feet east of the west fence and 19 1.4 feet
south of the north fence of the field. It is marked by a marble post 6 inches square, lettered on top
U. S. C. & G. S., and sunk so as to leave 3 inches projecting above the surface of the ground. The
mark or range used was the vertex of the cone on the top of the ventilator on the center of the poor-
house (the one between two chimneys) and bears o** 56^ west of true south.
Wayne County y Detroit y igoo. — ^The station is on the southeastern shore of Belle Isle, in the
Detroit River, about 200 yards west of the light-house. It is marked by a blue limestone post, 8 inches
square, lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S. and sunk flush with the surface of the ground. This stone
is 83.5 feet east of a flower bed, 75 feet from the river shore, and 64.5 feet from the edge of a drive-
way. The center of the pole on the light-house tower bears 77° 25''.9 east of true north.
330 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
MINNESOTA.
Becker County^ Detroit City^ igoo, — The station is located on the county grounds to the south of
the town. It is 30.5 feet south of the inner edge of the old race track, 408.5 feet from the first tree
west of the road at the southeast corner, and 424 feet from the southeast comer of the infirmary
building. It is marked by a rough granite stone about 4 by 6 inches at the top, with intersecting
grooves. The mark or range used was the southeast edge of the infirmary building and bears 85® 33^
west of true south.
Blue Earth County ^ Mankato^ igoo.— The station is on the Normal School grounds, 25. 15 feet from
the inner edge of the board walk along West Fifth street and 38.75 feet from the nearest comer of the
top step of the stone steps at the west side of the grounds. It is marked by a limestone post 8 inches
square and lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S., sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The south
edge of the Normal School building bears 73° 16^.5 west of true south, and the south edge of the court-
house bears 25® 14^.5 west of true south.
Cass County, Walker, igoo. — ^The station is east of the Pameda Hotel, on the south side of the road,
about 1 27 feet from the northeast comer of the wooden walk in front of it, and i foot south of the
line of the outer edge of the walk. It is marked by a bowlder protruding through the sand, with
intersecting grooves at the top. The mark or range used was the southeast edge of the chimney on
the southwest comer of a flat-roofed house across the railroad track and bears 53^ 58^.2 east of true
north.
Oay County, Glyndon, igoo, — The station is the old one in the city park, 40 feet and 106.5 ^eet
from the north and east fences, respectively. It is marked by a terra-cotta pipe sunk flush with the
surface of the ground. The spire of Union church bears 38** 00^.4 east of true south.
Crow Wing County, Brainerd, /goo.— The station is at the intersection of Jumber street and
Bluff avenue, three squares north of the railroad station and five squares west of Sixth street, on the
edge of the town, overlooking the Mississippi River. It is 40 feet from the northeast comer, 27.6 feet
from the line of trees on the north side of the street, and 44.4 feet from the center of the largest pine
tree, about 30** east of south.
Dakota County, Buck Hill, iSgj.—'SeBX the triangulation station, on line to a windmill tower
about I }^ miles distant.
Dakota County^ Marcotta, i8gs- — ^^^ triangulation station, on line to a white church spire about
2 miles distant.
Dakota County, Wallace, i8gj. — Near triangulation station, on line to a church spire in west St.
Paul.
Dodge County, Mantorville, igoo, — The station is in the northeast comer of the court-house yard,
23 feet and 116.9 feet, respectively, from the inner edge of the board walk along the streets to the
north and west of it. It is marked by a limestone post 7.7 inches square at the top, lettered U. S. C. &
G. S., resting on solid rock. The mark or range used was the southwest edge of the wooden school
building and bears 55® 53^.7 west of trae north.
Douglas County, Alexandria, igoo. — ^The station is in the schoolhouse yard just east of the
court-house, 86.65 ^^et east of the schoolhouse and 120.5 ^eet from the inner edge of the pavement
along the street to the north. It is marked by a marble post 6 inches square, lettered on top U. S.
C. & G. S. , sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was an ornament on
the east end of Mr. Brundage's house and bears 26° 32^.2 west of true south. The center of the flag-
staff on the Letson House bears 20® 27^.4 east of true north.
Hennepin County, Hopkins, iSgj, — About 40 feet from the triangulation station, on line to the
Minneapolis Machine Company's works at West Hopkins.
Hennepin County, Minneapolis, iSgi, — ^The station is on the grounds of the University of
Minnesota, about 200 feet from the south comer of the main university building and about 50 feet
north and 115 feet west of the longitude pier ( 1890, 1891) back of the library building. It is no longer
suitable for magnetic work.
Jackson County, Heron Lake, igoo. — The station is in the race track grounds, 84.2 feet from the
southeast comer of the judge's stand, 96.3 feet and 139.25 feet from the nth post south and north of
it, respectively, and 4>^ feet from the south side of the grand stand. It is marked by a tent peg.
Lincoln County^ Lake Benton, igoo, — The station is in the schoolhouse yard, 42.30 feet from the
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 33 1
MINNESOTA— Continued.
inner edge of the board walk on the street to the west of the building and 22.05 ^^^^ from the south
edge of the board walk leading from the front of the building. It is marked by a hickory peg sunk
even with the surface of the ground.
Polk County^ Oookstotiy igoo. — The station is on the south side of West Fifth street, just west of
Front street, 36.8 feet from the board walk on West Fifth street and 55.7 feet from the southeast corner
of the yard surrounding the Riverside Hospital. It is marked by a granite post 6.2 inches square at
the top, lettered U. S. C. & G. S., projecting i inch above the ground. The mark or range used was
the lightning rod on top of the schoolhouse and bears 41° o^\6 east of true south.
Ramsey County y Mound View, /8gj. — Near the triangulation station, online to a tall water tower
at the stock yards.
Ramsey County y Prospect Parky 1893. — About 60 feet from the triangulation station, on line to the
dome in the fair grounds.
Ramsey County y Ramsey y i8gs, — About 25 feet from the triangulation station, on line to the center
of 3 tall chimneys.
Ramsey County y St. Pauly i8gi, — ^The station is in Oakland Cemetery, in the large open space just
west of the center of the " Lake," 186.5 *°<i 44^ ^^^t, respectively, from the inner edge of the wall of
the cemetery along Sycamore and Sylvan streets. It is marked by a dressed marble post 4 inches
square, with intersecting grooves at the top, lettered U. S. 1891 C. S. and sunk flush with the surface
of the ground. The center of the cross on the Lutheran church bears 77® 24^.7 east of true south.
The spire of the chapel on the cemetery grounds bears 8° 20^.3 east of true north.
Ramsey County y St. Ptiuly 1900. — ^The station is ** north base " of the base line on Snelling avenue,
about halfway between Minneapolis and St. Paul. The mark or range used was the flagstaff on the
cupola of the main building in the fair grounds, distant about i mile, and it bears 7° 15^.3 west of
true south.
Steams County y St. Cloudy igoo. — The station is on the edge of the Mississippi River, four squares
north of St. Germain street, near Fifth avenue. It is 87 feet from the southeast corner of the tool
house on the north comer of Fourth street and Fifth avenue, 28 feet from the middle of the latter
and 15 feet from the edge of the river bank. It is marked by a red granite post 8.4 inches square,
lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S. The mark or range used was the east edge of the iron smokestack
in Sauk Rapids, about 2 miles distant, and bears 11® 54"" west of true north.
St. Louis County y Duluthy 189/.— The station is on United States land just in the rear of the light
keeper's house, 133.6 feet from its foundation and 34 feet from the shore of the lake. It is marked
by a granite post 4 inches square, with a lead bolt and intersecting grooves at the top, projecting 2
inches above the ground. The spire of the Masonic Temple bears 15® 27^.7 west of true north. The
center of the chimney of the light keeper's house bears 67° 04''. 8 west of true south.
Szvi/l County, Benson y igoo. — ^The station is located in the northwestern comer of the schoolhouse
lot, 30.2 feet from the north fence, 41.8 feet from the line of trees to the west, and 106.2 feet from the
northwest corner of the schoolhouse. It is marked by a wooden post sunk even with the surface of
the ground.
Wabasha County y Lake Cityy 1893. — Near the triangulation station of that name, which is on the
farm of Mr. Welp, between the crib and the pigpen.
Wabasha County y Watopay 1893.— The station is 23.23 feet south and 75.8 feet west of the center
of section 17.
Wadefia County y Wadena, /poo.— The station is in the schoolhouse yard, 14.3 and 89.2 feet from
the south and east fences and 24.5 and 108.8 feet from the lines of the east and south sides of the
schoolhouse, respectively. It is marked by a brown sandstone post 6.6 inches square, lettered on top
U. S. C. & G. S. and sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the tip
of the ironwork on top of the cupola of the Methodist church and bears 57® 42''.! east of true south.
Washington County, Woodbury, y^pj.— About 7.3 meters east of the triangulation station.
Wilkin County, Breckenridge , igoo. — The station is located in the court-house yard near the
south fence between the fifth and sixth trees from the west and 6.4 and 9.15 feet from the center of
the trees to the east and west, respectively, and 4. i feet from the fence. It is marked by a wooden post
sunk even with the surface of the ground.
332 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
MINNESOTA— Continued.
Yellow Medicine County, Granite FallSy igoo, — ^The station is located among the franite rocks
one square west of the principal street, on the north side of the side street on which the truck and
ladder house and the Merchant's Hotel are located. Just north of the highest point of the rocks is a
small level place and the station is near the center of it. It is 6.8 feet from a well-worn path to the
north and 37.6 feet west of the fence around the last house on the north side of the street, nearly
opposite the truck and ladder house. It is marked by a wooden peg.
MISSISSIPPI.
Adams County^ Natchez, i8go. — Station is located on the bluff north of the city and just opposite
the Jewish burying grounds, on land owned by Mr. Charles Schlect. Station is marked by a locust
post 2 feet long sunk flush with surface. This post is 20.8 feet south of the north fence of Mr.
Schlect' s property and 68 feet from the northwest comer. The mark or range used was the center of
the cross on the Cathedral and bears 11® 51^.3 west of true south. Center of stand pipe of city water-
works bears 5° 23^.8 west of true south.
Clay County y West Point , i^i. — The station is in the western psurt of the town, on the grounds of
the Mary Holmes Seminary. It is marked by a stone post 6 inches square projecting 4 inches above
the surface of the ground. This stone is 156.4 feet from the southeast comer and 203.1 feet from the
southwest corner of the main building. The mark or range used was the apparent west edge of the
chimney on a cotton mill, distant about 3 miles, and bears 2® 13^.4 east of true south.
Hancock County , ShieldsborOy i8g6. — Station is in the southwest comer of the court-house square
and is marked by a yellow-pine post 2 feet long, sunk flush with surface of ground. This post is 120
feet from the southern fence and 14 feet from the western fence around the court-house square. The
mark or range used was the spire of the Catholic church and bears 13° 08^.9 east of true south. Spire
of Methodist church bears 39° 00^.4 west of true north. Spire of court-house bears 55® 17^.3 east of
true north.
Harrison County , Mississippi City, i8g6. — Station is in the park in front of the Gulf View Hotel,
on the hill overlooking Mississippi Sound, and about 2 squares from the court-house. It is marked by
a yellow-pine post 2 feet long, sunk flush with surface of the ground. This post is 80 feet from the
southern fence and 75 feet from the western fence of the park. The mark or range used was the flag
pole on head of Gulf View Hotel pier and bears 6** 31^.2 east of true south. End of White's pier head
bears 48® 17^.6 west of true south. End of Faye's pier head bears 89® 32^.8 east of true north.
Hinds County t Jackson^ i^i, — ^The station is about 2 miles from the town, on the grounds of the
Millsaps College, on the south side of Otatervatory Hill, about 300 feet from the proposed site for the
observatory and 224.5 ^^^^ from the fence on the west. It is marked by a stone post 6 inches square,
projecting 3 inches above the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the spire on the
main college building and bears 8° 10^.4 east of true south.
Jones County y Ellisville, /go/.—Th^ station is about one-half mile from the center of the town, on
the grounds of Mr. Bynum. It is about in the center of a large field back of his house, 222 feet from the
east fence and 290 feet from the north fence. It is marked by a stone post 6 inches square, projecting
several inches above the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the spire of the Metho-
dist church and bears 68° 49'. 9 west of true north.
Lafayette County , Oxford^ igoi, — Station is located on the summit of the flat hill used by students
of the University of Mississippi as their baseball grounds. The spot is marked by a stone post 6 inches
square, sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The post is distant 186.7 feet from the fence along
the road to the east and 206.6 feet from the fence at the north. The mark or range used was the top
of the water tower and bears 31° 21^ west of true north.
Lauderdale County y Meridian^ igoi, — The station is about 2 miles from the town, on the grounds
of the State Asylum for the Insane. It is about 150 feet south of the walk leading to the front of the
main building and 260 feet from the southeast comer of this building. It is marked by a stone post 6
inches square, projecting 3 inches above the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the
staff on the Central school building and bears 76° 03^.3 east of true south.
Lee County y Tupelo y igoi. — ^The station is in the northwestern part of the town, on Jefferson street,
in the grounds of the public school. It is 86 feet from the east feace, and 218.4 feet and 241 feet, respec-
tively, from the southeast and southwest corners of the schoolhouse. It is marked by a stone post 6
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 333
MISSISSIPPI— Continued.
inches square, sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the spire of
the First Baptist church, on the comer of Jefferson and Church streets, and bears 87® 04-'. 2 east of
true south.
Lincoln County, Brookkaveny i^i. — ^The station is on the campus of the Whitworth Female Col-
lege. It is east of the main building and about in the center of the campus. It is 95.7 feet east of the
main building and 89. i feet north of the south fence. It is marked by a stone post 6 inches square,
projecting 4 inches above the surface of the ground. - The mark or range used was the spire on the
Presbyterian church, at the junction of the iron vane and the main spire, and bears 2° 21' east of true
south.
Marshall County, Holly Springs, /90/.— The station is about 2 miles from town, on the grounds
of Rust University. It is 236.5 ffcet and 212.7 feet, respectively, from the southeast and southwest
comers of the University building. It is marked by a stone post 6 inches square, projecting 3 inches
above the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the top of the water tower and bears
3® 09^.4 east of true south.
Montgomery County, Winona, i^i. — The station is in the public school grounds on College
avenue. It is 188.4 ^^^t and 201 feet, respectively, from the northwest and northeast corners of the
schoolhouse and 152.3 feet from the fence on the east. It is marked by a stone post 6 inches square,
sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the spire on the Methodist
church, and bears 43° 10^.7 east of true south.
Pearl River County, Poplarville, i8g6. — Station is in the southwest corner of the court-house
square, and marked by a yellow-pine post 2 feet long, sunk flush with surface of ground. This post
is 36 feet from the west fence and 50 feet from the south fence around court-house square. The mark
or range used was the spire of the Methodist church, and bears 15^ 34^.6 east of true south. Spire of
Baptist church bears 80® 34^.6 east of true north. Cupola of court-house bears 22® 06^.9 east of
true north.
Scott County, Forest, i^i. — Th^ station is about one-fourth mile from the court-house, on the
grounds of Mr. A. B. Carroll. It is in a large open field, 276.3 feet from the fence on the west. It is
marked by a stone post 6 inches square, projecting 3 inches above the surface of the ground. The
mark or range used was the cupola of the court-house, and bears 37® 54"^. 7 west of true south.
Warren County, Vicksdurg, /Sgo. — Station is about the center of the last level plateau, at the
extreme southeastern extremity of Castle Hill ( near waterworks tower). It is marked by a locust
post sunk 2 feet in the ground and flush with surface. This post is 107.5 feet from the south comer of
the wooden inclosure of the house, which belongs to the Bowmar estate. From the east corner of
same it is distant 123 feet. Spire of Trinity Episcopal church bears 10® 55^.9 east of true north. Spire
on Baptist church bears 0° 52^.1 west of true north. Spire on the Catholic cathedral bears 4° 34^.1
west of true north.
Washington County, Greenville, i8go. — Station is in large open square, at the intersection of
Main and Poplar streets, and near the center of the town. It was marked by a red-cedar post sunk
2 feet in the ground and flush with the surface. Station is distant 57 feet, 78.4 feet, and 100 feet,
respectively, from the southeast fence of lot, southwest fence of lot, and eastern edge of Poplar street.
It is also atx>ut 300 feet from Main street. Flag pole on Wilczinski building bears 41^ 30^.9 east of
true north. Center of cupola on ice factory bears 56° 11^. i west of true north. Center of central
chimney of Mr. J. Wall's house bears 52® 53''. 9 west of true south.
Yazoo County f Yazoo City, igoi. — ^The station is about i mile from the town, inLintonia Park. It
is 149.8 feet from the north fence and 102. i feet from the west fence, along Jackson avenue. It is
marked by a stone post projecting 2 inches above the surface of the ground. The mark or range used
was the cupola of Mr. Stubfield's house, and bears 36° 05^.4 east of true south.
MISSOURI.
Cass County, Harrisonville, /goo.— The station is in the southwest comer of the high -school
groimds, 7 feet from the south side and 43 feet from the west side of the grounds. It is marked by a
white limestone post 6 inches square on top and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., extending 2 inches above
the ground. The mark or range used was the southeast comer of Mr. William Crosswhite's house,
and bears 47° 30^.3 west of true south.
334 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
MISSOURI— Continued.
City of St. Louis County, St. Louis, /goo.— The station is on the baseball grounds in Forest Park,
about 500 feet southeast of the police substation. It is marked by a limestone post 6 inches square on
top and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., sunk even with the surface of the ground. The mark or range
used was the middle of the foot of the flagstaff on the police station, and bears 22® 02/1 west of true
north.
Gasconade County, Hermann, igoo. — The station is on Plusts hill, southeast of the depot. It is
on land owned by the city. It is 48.2 feet south of the fence running east and west across the hill.
It is marked by a gray limestone post 6 inches square on top and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., extending
4 inches above the ground. The mark or range used was the flagstaff on the Stone Hill Wine
Company's building, and bears 58® 15^.7 west of true south.
Iron County, fronton, i8go. — A pier, built of brick laid in cement, was erected about 100 meters
northeast of St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railroad depot, in a field belonging to the Pilot
Knob Car and Steel Company. Two meridian stones were set, one 92.58 meters north of the pier, 4
feet from the fence, and near the tenth post from the corner by the footbridge; the other 118.24
meters south of the pier, 3 feet from the fence. A drill hole in each stone marks the exact points.
Declination observed at the north meridian stone was i^ 55^; at the south stone 2^ 30^ east.
Jackson County, Kansas City, jgoo. — The station is located in Elmwood Cemetery, in block 3,
midway between the northeast comer of lot No. 90 and the southeast comer of lot No. 108. It is
marked by a white marble post 6 inches square on top and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., sunk i inch
below the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the tip of the east end of the roof of a
frame house, and bears 64° 08^.3 west of true south.
Livingston County, Chillicothe, igoo. — The station is on the grounds of the State Industrial Home
for Girls. It is east of the main building 450 feet and south of the fence along Third street 91.5 feet.
It is marked by a gray limestone post 6 inches square on top and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., extending
2 inches above the ground. The mark or range used was the tip of the tower on the Industrial Home
Schoolhouse, and bears 90° 07^.3 west of true south.
Macon County, Macon, /goo. — The station is in Oakwood Cemetery, in the northeast quarter of the
ornamental circle near the gate, 4>^ feet east of the path running north and south through the circle
and 39.5 feet from the north edge of the circle. It is marked by a white limestone post 6 inches
square on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., sunk even with the surface of the ground. The mark or
range used was the southwest comer of the frame house belonging to Mr. Edward Thompson, and
bears 45° 09^ east of true north.
Marion County, Palmyra, /goo. — The station is in the new city cemetery in the driveway called
Eighth avenue, near the west fence line. It is 24.4 feet from the northeast comer of the Smith lot and
26.5 feet from the southeast comer of the Thiirwachter lot. It is marked by a white limestone post 6
inches square on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., sunk i inch below the surface of the ground.
The mark or range used was the spire of the Catholic church, and bears 9^ 06^.5 east of true south.
Morgan County, Versailles, North Base, /Sgy. — The station is about 5 miles north-northeast of
Versailles, in the southem part of the W. »4 S. W. X sec. 9, T. 43 N., R. 17 W., of the fifth principal
meridian, on land owned by Moses H. Tipton. It is marked by a block of stone 25 >^ inches thick,
with the inscription U. S. C. & G. S., 1897, cut on its top surface, and has a copper bolt and cross
lines in the center.
Pettis County, Sedalia, /goo.— The station is on the campus of the George R. Smith College, 223.5
feet south and 37.2 feet east of the southeast comer of the building. It is marked by a gray limestone
post 8 inches square on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. , sunk even with the surface of the ground.
The mark or range used was the tip of the courtrhouse tower, and bears 47® 51^.8 west of true south.
Schuyler County, Lancaster, /goo.— The station is in the Odd Fellows cemetery, near the north-
west corner. It is midway between the northwest corner of lot No. 2, sec. 5, and the northeast
comer of lot No. 3, sec. 5. It is marked by a white limestone post 8 inches square on top, and lettered
U. S. C. & G. S. sunk i inch below the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the
spire of the Christian church, and bears 56° 20^.9 west of true south.
Washington County, Potosi, /8go. — A pier was built in the court-house grounds on the north side
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 335
MISSOURI— Continued.
of the building and southwest of the jail. This pier rises 3 feet above the ground and is capped by a
stone, a drill hole in which serves to mark the south end of a meridian line. A north meridian stone,
with center similarly marked, was set in the curb line near the northwest comer of Church and Mine
streets at the southeast comer of the yard of Mr. James Long. A drill hole was also placed in the
coping of the court-house 19 feet 2 inches from the northwest corner, in the meridian.
MONTANA.
Cascade County y Cascade^ 18^. — Observations were made over a pine stub. This pine stub was
located in the open space on the west side of the town, 1,086 feet west of the Great Northern, or the
Montana Central Railway track, and 303 feet north of the Cascade public school building.
Choteau County ^ Fort Benton ^ /<yp6.— Observations were made over the center of a pine stub.
This pine stub was located in the open space northeast of the town and down the river. It is between
Main street and the Missouri River, 577 feet from the river, 80 feet southeast of Main street, 641.6 feet
north of the site of the old fort. ,
Choteau County ^ Havre ^ i8g6. — Observations were made over the center of an oak post. This
oak post was located in the open space in the southeast corner of the block bounded on the east side
by First avenue and on the south side by Third street. It is 38.5 feet west of First avenue, 28.5 feet
north of Third street, about 220 feet northeast of the Havre public school brick building, and 240 feet
east of the Methodist wooden church building.
Custer County t Forsyth^ i8g6. — Observations were made over a point in a large open space on the
south side of the railway track southeast of the passenger station and about 300 feet from the foot of
the bluffs. It is distant 1,131 feet almost south from the comer of sees. 22 and 23, T. 6 N., R. 40 E.
It is also distant 1,516 feet from the nearest point of the railway roundhouse.
Custer County y Miles City^ i8g6. — Observations were made over the center of an ash stub. This
ash stub was located in the City Park. It is distant 173 and 232 feet, respectively, from the inner edge
of Park street and from] the nearest bank of Tongue River. It is also distant about 425 feet from
the center of the main building of the Macqueen Hotel, which is near Park street, and the railway
station.
Dawson County y GUndive^ 18^. — Observations were made over the center of a pine stub. This
pine stub was located on the south side of the town, on a large vacant lot belonging to the Northern
Pacific Railway Company, bounded on the northeast by Power street and on the southeast by Nowlan
avenue. It is 232.5 feet west of center of front projection of dwelling of superintendent of Northern
Pacific Railroad and 104.5 feet southwest of the inner edge of Power street.
Flathead County ^ Kootenai River at Canadian boundary, igoi. — Observations were made on the
second bench east of the river about 100 feet south of the line joining Boundary monuments Nos. 9 and
10. The precise point is 324 meters west and about 30.5 meters south of Monument No. 9. The instru-
ment was mounted on a stump.
Flathead County , Tobacco /fci«5,/^/.— This station is about a quarter mile south of Phillipps,
British Columbia, and is 180 feet east and 26.4 feet south of Boundary Monument No. 8 American, No.
154 British. The station is 37 feet due south of an iron post having on top a brass cap lettered U. S.
Survey. 1901, Az: Sta. This post is the south end of a meridian line.
Flathead County , Wigwam , igoi. — ^The station was located near the center of the little valley
through which Wigwam Creek flows. At this season, September, 1901, no water is in the bed of the
stream. Observations were made in the vista which was cut for the forty-ninth parallel. The precise
point was 251 meters west of Boundary Monument No. 6 and 416 meters east of Monument No. 7.
Gallatin County, Bozeman, i8g6. — Observations were made over the center of a pine stub. This
pine stub was located about one-half mile south of the city, 70 feet east of Central avenue, 190 feet
south of Jesse Stiff's house, about 200 feet northeast of F. T. Osborne's house, about 500 feet north of
H. W. Rice's house, and about 400 feet northwest of Bozeman Creek at its nearest point. The center
of the cupola of the high school bears 13® 36'. 3 west of true north. The cupola of the Episcopal church
bears 5® 58^.7 east of true north. The cupola of the Bozeman Hotel bears 23° 25^.7 east of true north.
Gallatin County, Fort Ellis^ 1882, — ^The station is about in the center of the parade grounds.
336 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
MONTANA— Continued.
Lewis and Clarke County^ Helena^ i8g6. — Observations were made over the center of a pine stub.
This pine stub was located near St. Joseph Catholic Orphan Asylum, about i mile north of the city
limits. It is 453 feet east of the inner edge of Montana avenue extended, 78 feet north of the plank
fence around the, asylum grounds, about 250 feet northeast of the northeast comer of the asylum
building. The mark or range used was the north side of the public school dome, and bears 32® 04'
west of true north.
Meagher County ^ Townsetid, iSg6. — Observations were made over a pine stub. This pine stub was
located in the large open space on the north side of the town, on land claimed by the Northern Pacific
Railway. It is 106 feet east of the inner edge of Pine street extended, 165 feet northeast of J. E.
Kanouse's residence, about 250 feet southwest of J. R. Marks's house, and about 650 feet northeast of
the main irrigation ditch where it crosses Pine street. * The spire of the Methodist church bears
21° 19^.7 east of true south. The spire of the public schoolhouse bears 11® 24^.3 west of true south.
Valley County, Glasgow, i8g6. — Observations were made over the center of a pine post. This
pine post was located in the large open field on the south side of the town. It is 412 feet due south
of the county court-house and 580 feet east of the east side of the race track. The mark or range
used was the Glasgow public school flagstaff. This mark or range bears 23° 12^.8 east of true north.
Yellowstone County, Billings, i8p6. — Observations were made over a point located on the west
side of the town of Billings, 112 feet northwest of the northwest side of Third avenue north and
84.5 feet southwest of the southwest side of Thirty-second street. It is i 000 feet south and i 200 feet
west of section comer 32 and 33, T. i N., R. 26 E. This comer is on the base line of the original
land survey.
NEBRASKA.
Antelope County, Neligh, igoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone post 26 inches long,
set 26 inches in the ground, 5 by 7 inches on top, and lettered U. S., with a small hole in the center
marking the point. This stone is located in the court-house square and distant no and 120.6 feet,
respectively, from the northeast and the northwest comers of the court-house building. The mark
or range used was the cupola of the tower of the water standpipe on a hill about one-half mile distant.
This mark or range bears 7^ 1 1^.6 west of true north. The spire of the Methodist church bears 56^
48^.4 east of true south. The cross on the Episcopal church bears 34® 46^.8 east of true south.
Banner County, Harrisburg, igoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone post about 3 feet
long, set 27 inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole
marking the center. This btone was placed on a small hill immediately west of the town, and a little
north of the spot where a well has been dug for the water supply of the town. This town is located
in sec. 2, T. 18, R. 56. The mark or range used was the cupola of the frame court-house about
one-fourth of a mile distant. This mark or range bears 81° 15^.8 east of true north. The bold
perpendicular face of the bluff 2 miles distant and known as "Lover's Leap" bears i^ 24^.2 west oif
true south. The cupola of the frame schoolhouse bears 84° 17^.2 east of true north.
Blaine County, Brewster, igoo, — Observations were made over a gray sandstone post 3 feet long,
set 32 inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole in
the center marking the point. This sandstone post was placed in the northwest comer of the court-
house grounds, and one-fourth of a mile south of the town of Brewster. An iron rod i inch in
diameter was driven in the ground 137.4 feet from the stone post. The mark or range used was the
rod of a windmill pump about one-fourth of a mile distant. This mark or range bears 3° 06^.8 east of
true north. The iron rod bears 3° 08^ east of true south. The center of a chimney of a white frame
house bears 73® 54^.8 east of true north. The south gable of the frame schoolhouse bears 68^ 18^ west
of true north.
Boone County, Albion, igoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone rock 36 inches long, set
36 inches in the ground, 8 by 8 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. , with a small hole in
the center of it marking the point. It was placed in the northeast corner of the court-house square,
about 88.3 feet from the west side of Fourth street and about 34 feet from the south side of Church
street. This stone is distant 65.5 feet from the top of the stone foundation of the court-house at its
northeast corner. It is nearly due north of the center of the first step leading into the court-house
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 337
NEBRASKA— Continued.
building, and 102. 2 feet from it. The mark or range used was the base of the cross on the tower of
the Baptist church. This mark or range bears 28° 04-^.5 east of true south. The spire of the Presby-
terian church bears 51° 58^.4 west of true south.
Boxbutte County^ Alliance^ /goo. — Observations were made over a sandstone post 3 feet long, set
33 inches in the ground, lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole marking the center. This stone
post was placed in the circle of the new race track west of the town, on the south side of Montana
avenue when extended to the west, and about 100 feet north of the judges' box. The mark or range
used was the rod of a windmill pump. This mark or range bears 4° 37'. 4 west of true south. The
top of the water standpipe bears 56° 38^.5 east of true north. The cupola of a large brick schoolhouse
bears 61** 41^.7 east of true north. The cross upon the tower of the Catholic church bears 81° 17''.!
east of true north. The center of the brick chimney of the railroad shops bears 52° 17^ east of true
south.
Brown County^ Ainsworthy igoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone rock 2>% feet long,
set 39 inches in the ground, 5 by 5 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole
which marks the center. This stone post was placed in the court-house grounds 79.3 feet directly
east of the northeast comer of the brick court-house building. The mark or range used was the base
of the iron rod supporting the gilt ball upon the tower of the MethoSist church about 300 yards
distant. This mark or range bears i® 56^.8 west of true south. An iron pipe was driven in the
ground in line to the iron rod on the Methodist church tower and distant 209.75 feet. The tip of the
cupola upon the northwest corner of the brick bank building bears 6° 17' east of true south. The tip
of the spire of the German Lutheran church bears 39® 34'. 2 west of true north.
Cherry County^ Kennedy ^ igoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone post 3 feet long, set
32 inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole which
marks the center. This stone was placed near the store of David Steadman in Kennedy. It is south-
west of the store and 100 feet southeast of a new set of wagon scales. The mark or range used was an
•iron rod 4 feet long and 2 inches in diameter, driven about 3>^ feet in the ground. It was located
about 500 feet from the station, on a hill north of a barn in a direct line with the scale box of the
wagon scales. This mark or range bears 17® 01^.9 west of true north. The rod of a windmill pump
at the bam bears 32® 12^.5 west of true north. The white cross on the church 2 miles away bears 76**
28^.7 west of true south. The south comer of the brick chimney on the store bears 28° 57^.1 east of
true north.
Cherry County, Merriman, igoo, — Observations were made over a copper nail driven in a red-
cedar post 3 feet long, set 32 inches in the ground. This cedar post was placed on Government land
in the SW. comer sec. 17, T. 34, R. 37. It is located on a sand knoll about 200 yards south of the
railroad, and not more than 200 feet from the supposed section corner. The mark or range used was
the cupola of the schoolhouse. This mark or range bears 13® 27^.9 west of true north. The center of
the brick chimney of the Fremont, Elkhom and Missouri Valley Railroad station bears 12° 32^-3 west
of true north. The rod of the railroad windmill pump bears i® 56^.7 east of true north.
Cherry and Sheridan counties. Spring Lake Ranch, igoo. — Observations were made over a copper
nail in cedar post %% feet long, set 3 feet in the ground. This cedar post was placed upon an earth
mound on the seventh standard parallel, and near the fifth guide meridian at a jog in the line between
Cherry and Sheridan counties, and north of the line of township No. 28. It is about 4 feet west of the
triangular cedar stake set some thirty years ago when the original townships were laid off. This
stake is one of the corners of Spring Lake Ranch. It is on the face of a ridge sloping west, near the
top and in a small hollow west of one of the higher knobs of the hill. It is directly east of the Spring
Lake meadow known as Billy's Lake. Another cedar stake was driven on a sand hill 222.1 feet north-
west of station. This cedar post bears 42° 37''.$ west of true north. The south gable of a small house
on the north side of the valley bears 83° 24''. 6 west of true north.
Cherry County, Valentine, igoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone post 3 feet long, set
33 inches in the ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G.S., with a small hole which marks the center. This
sandstone post was placed in the block on which stands the new brick schoolhouse, district No. i.
It is located on the eastern edge of the town within about 100 yards of the western boundary of the
United States military reservation, north of the northwest corner of the school building. The mark
27478 — 02 22
338 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
NEBRASKA— Continued.
or range used was the spire of the Methodist Episcopal church. This mark or range bears 59*^ 39^.3
west of true south. The cross on the Episcopal church bears 82® 43^.7 west of true north. The spire
of the Presbyterian church bears 79° 06^.7 west of true north. The northwest comer of the stone
foundation of the school building bears i** 25^.5 east of true south.
Cheyenne County^ Bridgeport y igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post in the SE. %
SE. % sec. 31, T. 20, R. 50. It was located on the level land west of the town and north of the
Bm-lington and Missouri River Railroad tracks, and 100 feet north of the stock yards. The mark or
range used was the center of a house. This mark or range bears 76® 35^.5 west of true north. The
tip of the Burlington and Missouri River Railroad water tank bears 33® 08^.3 east of true south. The
tip of Chimney Rock, 6 miles distant and known as such since 1849, bears 78® 41^.1 west of true north.
The eastern face of "Jail Rock," 4 miles distant and east of a larger one known as "TheCourt-
House," bears 5° 26^.7 west of true south.
Cheyenne County^ Sidney, igoo. — Observations were made over a gray sandstone post 3 feet long»
set on a solid rock, about 28 inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S.,
with a small hole which marks the center. This stone post was placed on the top of the blufiF about
one-fourth of a mile north of the Union Pacific Railroad station and the town of Sidney. This bluff
is elevated about 100 feet above the town, and the land is the property of Robert S. Oberf elder. The
post is about 20 feet from the point where the hill begins to slope toward the bluff, and the point of
the cupola of the Union Pacific Railroad station is directly in line with the center of the arc formed by
the gilt letters '* Chowins" upon a new stone building one block south of the railroad station. The
mark or range used was the point of the cupola of the railroad station. This mark or range bears
2® 06^.9 east of true south. The spire of the Lutheran church bears 6® 04^.4 east of true south. The
Presbyterian church spire bears 4® 32^.8 west of true south. The spire of the Catholic church bears
18° 52^. I west of true south.
Colfax County y Schuyler^ igoo. — Observations were made over a marble post 3 feet long, set
31 inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S., with a small hole which marks the
center. It was placed in the court-house grounds about 35 feet south of the street running east and
west in front of the building. It is distant 99 feet from the bottom brick of the northwest comer
of the court-house building. A reference marble post, 18 inches long, set flush with the ground, and
4 by 6 inches on top, with a small hole which marks the center, was placed 168.4 feet from the first
stone in a southerly direction from it, and 16.05 ^^^^ west of the southwest corner of the stone
foundation of the court-house building, directly in line with the back walls of this building. The
mark or range used was the gable of a shed roof about 200 feet from the station. This mark or range
bears i** 14^.2 west of true south. The reference stone bears 3° 33^.3 west of true south.
Custer County y Broken Bow, igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 3 feet long, set
31 inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, with a small hole in the center marking the point.
This stone post was placed in the northwest comer of the grounds of the South Side High School
building, about 35 feet from the street south and the same distance from the street west of these
grounds. It is 102 feet southwest of the southwest comer of the brick school building. The mark
or range used was the cupola on the largest tower of the new brick court-house, about one-fourth
of a mile distant. This mark or range bears 8° 03''. 5 east of true north. The spire of the United
Brethren Church bears 79° 51^.5 east of true north. The spire of the Baptist church bears 20® 2i''.9
east of true north. The cupola of the North Side schoolhouse bears 13° 08''. i east of true north.
Dawes County, Chadron, i8g6, — Observations were made over the center of a pine stub. This pine
stub was located in the court-house yard. It is distant 158.6 feet north of the north entrance to the
county court-house, 31.8 feet south of the south side of Fourth street, and 145 feet west of the west
side of Main street. The point used as a mark or range bears 89^ 09^.8 east of true south.
Dawes County, Keystone ^afiM.ypoo.— Observations were made over a point on a knoll about
100 yards north of the ranch house, and between it and the irrigation ditch. The Keystone Ranch
is owned by David Taylor, of Hay Springs, Nebr. It is in the northeast comer of sec. 23, T. 29, R. 48.
The mark or range used was the rod of the windmill pump. This mark or range bears 14^ 46^.3 west
of true south.
Dawes County, Marsland, igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post placed on the high
ground west of the town, about 300 feet south of the Presbyterian church, and nearly in line with the
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 339
NEBRASKA— Continued.
Baptist church, which is 800 feet south of this stone post. This town is said to be located upon the
northwest comer of sec. 34, T. 39, R. 51. The mark or range used was the Baptist church spire.
This mark or range bears 0° 42^.4 east of true south. The tip of the water tank of the Burlington and
Missouri River Railroad bears 87® 07^.6 east of true north. The center of the west chimney of the
Burlington and Missouri River Railroad station bears 84^ 56^.8 east of true south. The cupola of the
schoolhouse bears 2** 25^.4 west of true north. The spire of the Presbyterian church bears 4® 13^.6
east of true north.
Deuel County y Chappelly igoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone post 3 feet long, set 33
inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches'on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole marking
the center. This stone post was placed on the land of Fred Sudman, county treasurer, upon the NW.
X NW. X ^^' 22, T. 13, R. 45. It is about 100 yards a little west of south of the Union Pacific
Railroad station, and about the same distance east of south of the stock yards. The mark or range
used was the rod of a windmill pump. This mark or range bears 7^ 38^.6 west of true south. The
rod on the spire of the Methodist chm-ch bears 39® 19''. 3 east of true north. The cupola of a frame
schoolhouse one-half a mile distant bears 24° 20^.4 east of true north. The rod of the Union Pacific
Railroad windmill pump bears 21° 12^.3 east of true north.
Deuel County y Hartman^ 1^00. — Observations were made over a copper nail in hexagonal red cedar
post 3 feet long, set 32 inches in the grotmd, and 6 inches in diameter. This cedar post was placed in
the NW. comer sec. 35, T. 18, R. 44, and 149.8 feet from the stone marking this corner. It is about
one-half a mile northeast of Sebastian R. Hartman's dwelling, and east of Lost Creek. This cedar
post is about 130 feet east and 50 feet south, respectively, of the section roads. The mark or range
used was the rod of Frederick Teppert*s windmill pump, about one-half mile distant. This mark or
range bears 9° 01^.3 east of true north. The comer stone of section 35 bears 51® 48^.2 west of true
north.
Douglas County y Omaha ^ /poo.— Observations were made over a sandstone post 28 inches long, set
just below the surface of the ground. This stone is pointed at the top and its center marks the point.
It is located in Prospect Hill Cemetery, in the northwestern part of Omaha. This stone was placed
in the open space adjoining the brick stone-capped wall, which runs along Parker street, and is distant
42.65 feet from this stone wall. It is also distant 122.4 and 122 feet, respectively, from the nearest
corners of the Drexel and Enos Lowe monuments. The mark or range used was the spire of the
United Presbyterian church. This mark or range bears 29® 11^.4 east of true south. The spire of the
United States post-office bears 45** 08^. i east of true south. The spire of the high school bears 36** 45^.2
east of true south.
Garfield County ^ Burwell, igoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone post 3.2 feet long, set
about 3 feet in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole which
marks the center. The stone post was placed upon the lot occupied by the public school building, in
the western section of the town. It is distant 54.8, 42.6, and 24.0 feet, respectively, north of the frame
school building, west of the street which runs north and south in front of this building, and south
of the north side of the school lot. The mark or range used was a telegraph pole on the Burlington
and Missouri River Railroad, one-half a mile distant. This mark or range bears 22^ 27^.3 east of true
south. The spire of the Congregational church bears 77° 55'. i east of true north. The cross on the
Catholic church bears 83** 58^.3 east of true south.
Grant County , Hyannis^ igoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone post 3 feet long, set 33
inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole marking
til D center. This stone post was placed on land belonging to the Lincoln Land Company, about one-half
a mile east of the comer stone marking townships 23 and 24 and ranges 38 and 39, and about 100 feet
north of the south line of township No. 24. It is located upon the top of a sand hill, 75 feet above
the town. It is north of the Burlington and Missouri River Railroad, and is 500 feet northwest of the
railroad station. The mark or range used was the cross on the Catholic church spire. This mark or
range bears 28° 04''. 8 west of true south. The stone marking the southwest comer of township No. 24
and the northwest corner of No. 23 and the line between ranges Nos. 38 and 39, bears 92** 06^.5 west
of true south. The Presbyterian diurch spire bears 27° 48^.2 west of true south. The tip of the bell
tower on the schoolhouse bears 71° 52^.5 west of true south.
Holt County^ O'Neilly /goo, — Observations were made over a white limestone post 32 inches long,
340 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
NEBRASKA— Continued.
set 29 inches in the ground, 4 by 4 inches on top, lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole marking
the center. This stone was placed in the court-house square in line with the west face of the court-
house building, and 69. i feet south of the southwest corner of the brick foundation of this building.
The mark or range used was the flag pole of a grocery store one-fourth of a mile distant. This mark
or range bears 3® 15''. o west of true south. The ball on the Methodist church spire bears 71® 42^.8 east
of true south. The cross on the Catholic church spire bears 35° 10^.8 west of true north.
Hooker County ^ Mullen ^ igoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone post 3 feet long, set 30
inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole marking
the center. This stone post was placed on a hill north of the town and railroad station, in the center
of a lot owned by C. L. Inmann. It is about 300 yards north of the railroad station and about 250
yards east of the frame schoolhouse. An iron rod 1%. f^ct long was driven in the ground 30 feet north
of the northwest corner of the frame court-house building and about one-fourth of a mile distant from
this stone post. The mark or range used was this iron rod. This mark or range bears 32° 31 '.9 west
of true south. The flag pole on the cupola of the schoohouse bears 62® 06^.5 west of true south. The
center of the chimney of the court-house bears 30° 58^.7 west of true south. The center of the chimney
on the new hotel bears 11° 58' west of true south.
Howard County ^ St. Pauly /goo. — The station is in the southeast comer of the court-house yard,
32.6 feet from the south fence and 66 feet 11 inches from the east fence. It is marked by a limestone
post sunk 4 inches below the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the flag pole on the
schoolhouse, and bears 48° 07^.5 west of south.
/iTeiih County ^ Og^allala, /goo. — Observations were made over a stone post 3 feet long, set about
33 inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole marking
the center. This stone post was placed about one-fourth of a mile from the court-house, near a road
on the south slope of a hill, and in line with the center of the street which runs north on the east side
of the court-house grounds. The mark or range used was the iron rod upon the cupola of the brick
court-house building. This mark or range bears 2® 07''.4 east of true south. The spire of the Catholic
church bears 25® 13^.7 east of true south. The spire of the Presbyterian church bears 18° 34^.7 west
of true south. The northwest comer of the brick schoolhouse bears 28® 29^.5 west of true south.
Keyapaha County^ Springview^ /goo. — Observations were made over a brass spike driven in a
cedar post 3 feet long, set 34 inches in the ground, and 6 inches in diameter on top. It was located in the
court-house square on the east side of the town 65.1, 90.6, and 161 feet, respectively, from the east
fence, from the north fence of this square, and from the northeast comer of the stone vault near the
court-house building. The mark or range used was the rod of the windmill pump one-fourth of a
mile distant. This mark or range bears 15** 23^.7 east of true south. The center of the north chimney
of the schoolhouse bears 71° 07.2 west of true north. The Methodist church spire at the base of vane
bears 44° 4i''.2 west of true north. The northwest comer of the stone vault 161 feet distant bears
55° 06^.6 west of true south.
Kimball County, Kimball , /goo. — Observations were made over a stone post 3 feet long, set 33
inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole marking the
center. This stone post was placed in the southeast corner of the schoolhouse grounds, about 35 feet
from the south fence, 20 feet from the east fence of these grounds, and 200 feet from the new frame
school building. The mark or range used was the tip of the water tank of the Union Pacific Rail-
road. This mark or range bears 9** oi''.6 east of true north. The southeast edge of John Biggs's
stone store building on line with the window sills bears 27® 56^.6 east of true north. The point of the
wooden bracket upon the north gable of the frame court-house bears 63° 36^. i east of true south.
The northeast edge of the schoolhouse building, corner just above the water table, bears 43° 53'. i
west of true north.
Lancaster County, Lincoln, /goo. — The station is on the south end of the athletic field of the State
University of Nebraska, 100.9 feet west of the stone walk at west end of the main building and 69.8
feet north of the fence at south end of athletic field. It is about 6 inches south of the line of sight
along the north side of the hallway of the main building and 4 inches west of the west face of the
library building. It is marked by a sandstone post 6 inches square, lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S.,
and sunk even with thfe surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the east edge of a tall
iron smokestack and bears 16° 32^.8 west of true north.
I
\
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 34 1
NEBRASKA—Continued.
Logan County^ Gandy^ igoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone post 3 feet long, set 32
inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole marking
the center. This stone was placed on the hill about i 200 feet south of the court-house, in line between
the Presbyterian church and the schoolhouse, 172 feet from the former and about 191 feet from the
latter. The mark or range used was the cupola on the court-house. This mark or range bears
6** 59^.3 west of true north. The cupola on the schoolhouse bears 77° 35^.9 east of true north. The
rod of the windmill pump of B. Smith bears 89° 28'. i west of true north.
McPherson County^ Township 79, Range 37. — Observations were made over a brass tack in a red
cedar post 4 inches in diameter and 3)^ feet long, set in the ground. This cedar post is located
on a ranch owned by B. Aufdenburger, in a meadow south of his house. The mark or range used was
the rod of a windmill pump about 350 feet distant from the cedar post. This mark or range bears
14° 25^.6 west of true north. The southeast comer of the northeast quarter of section No. 10, distant
250 feet, bears 48® 49^.2 ea.st of true south.
McPherson County ^ Tryon^ igoo. — Observations were made over a copper nail in a cedar post ^%,
inches in diameter and 4 feet long, set 3>^ feet in the ground. This cedar post was located in a small
valley at the foot of a hill, about one-fourth of a mile north of the frame court-house building. This
small one-story court-house building, with one sod house, at the present time constitutes the town of
Tryon. The county clerk, L. C. Renean, knows the exact location of this cedar post. The mark or
range used was the rod on a windmill pump. This mark or range bears 16° 34^.3 east of true south.
The center of the south or the main chimney of the court-house building bears 14® 53^*2 east of true
south.
Madison County y Norfolk ^ i8g6. — Observations were made over the center of a pine stub. This
stub was located in the Lincoln public school grounds, 192.3 feet .west of the west side of the school
building, 45.3 feet from the plank fence on the west side of the school grounds, and 88.3 feet from the
south side of the school grounds. The point used as a mark or range bears 75^ 57^.5 east of true south.
Nuckolls County y Superior ^ igoo, — The station is in the southwestern comer of the city park, in
the northeastern part of the town, 50 feet from the west fence and 118.5 feet from the south fence.
It is marked by a hedge-wood stake.
Rock County y Newport, 7900.— Observations were made over a sandstone post 27 inches long, set
about 2 feet in the ground, 4 by 4 inches on top, with a small hole in the center, which marks the
point. This post is located in the schoolhouse grounds. It is distant 106. i feet due south of the
combined porch and bell tower of the schoolhouse, in line with the center of the building, and 40.2
feet from the north side of the road in front of the schoolhouse. This schoolhouse and lot is in the
northwestern edge of the town. The mark or range used was the base of the iron rod on the
Methodist church spire. This mark or range bears 80® 35^.0 east of true south. Observations were
made in this same lot in 1896, about 190 feet north of this stone post.
Rock County y School Section No. j<5, igoo. — Observations were made over a point about the center
of school section No. 36, in Rock County, on land now under lease to William Martin. It was located
in the meadow west of the Martin house, and is one-half mile north of the parallel marking the
northern boundary of Ivoup County, and it- is also 6% miles west of the meridian line marking the
eastern limit of Rock County. This valley is known as the Gracia Creek Valley, and is southeast of
Butka post-office.
Scoits Bluff County y Gering, 790?.— Observations were made over a stone post located upon the
open plain west of the town and between it and Scotts Bl^ff. It was placed 235.9 ^eet southwest of
the southwest comer of the court-house and in the line of a street which, if opened, would pass south
of the court-house building. This town is one-half mile south of the North Platte River and i}i
miles south of the Burlington and Missouri River Railroad station at Scotts Bluff. The mark or range
used was the spire of the Methodist church. This mark or range bears 72° 39''. 7 east of true north.
The southwest comer of the brick court-house, distant 235.9 ^®®^i hears 44® 12^.1 east of true north.
The cross upon the spire of the Baptist church bears 57° 54^. i east of true north. The smallest circular
rock on *' Dome Rock," the south part of Scotts Bluff, bears 74° 39^.6 west of true south.
Sheridan County, Rushville, igoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone post 3 feet long, set
33 inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole which
marks the center. This stone post was located west of the town, upon the level ground 100 yards west
342 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
NEBRASKA— Continued.
of the most westerly buildings at this time, and west of a low piece of ground used as a ball ground.
It is on the north side of Second street, if it were extended, and about 200 yards south of the Fremont,
Elkhom and Missouri Valley Railroad tracks. The ball on the top of the United Presbyterian church
bears 36® 37^.2 east of true south. The flagstaff on the public school building bears 63® 26^,6 east of
true south. The spire of the German Methodist church bears 64® 50^.8 east of true south. The
Methodist church spire bears 71° 44^.7 east of true north. The flagstaff on the town waterworks
bears 65® 39^.7 east of true north.
Sioux County^ Harrison ^ igoo, — Observations were made over a sandstone post 3 feet long, set
about 32 inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole marking
the center. This stone post was placed upon the level plateau about one-fourth of a mile southeast of
the court-house, upon the lands of Andrew McGinley. It is 186.8 feet north of Mr. McGinley's new
bam and 85.7 feet south of the fence upon the north side of his land. It is 200 yards south of the
Fremont, Elkhom and Missouri Valley Railroad tracks and south of a cattle pen. The mark or range
used was the cupola of the court-house. This mark or range bears 15® 11 ''.6 west of true north. The
spire of church bears 4® 05^.5 west of true north. The cupola of the schoolhouse bears 4^ 44^.1 east of
true north. The rod of Andrew McGinley's new windmill pump bears 82° 52^.9 east of true south.
Sioux County , Heztntty jgoo. — Observations were made over a copper nail in a cedar post ^yi feet
long and 6 inches in diameter set firmly in the ground. This post was placed near the south town-
ship line and the line between blocks 14 and 15, sec. 34, T. 27, R. 57, on the lands of Christopher H.
Grewell, the postmaster. It is on a slight rise about 100 feet from the comer of blocks 14 and 15, on
the township line, about 100 yards south of Grewell' s sod house and 300 yards southwest of the head
of East Springs Creek, a tributary of Sheep Creek. Both of these streams sink in the summer season.
The mark or range used was the rod of the windmill pump of Charles Newman, one-half mile distant.
This mark or range bears 7° 58^.7 east of true north. A cedar reference post 225 steps distant bears
88*^ 20^.3 west of true north. The rocky point of Sugar Loaf Hill, about i mile distant, bears 3° 11^.9
east of true south.
Tliofnas County, Thedford, igoo, — Observations were made over a stone post 3 feet long, set 33
inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole marking
the center. This stone was placed in the court-house square 87.4 feet from the southeast comer of the
brick building and about 40 feet from the wire fences south and east of this stone post. The mark or
range used was a distant telegraph pole. This mark or range bears 4® 52^.8 west of true south. An
iron pipe 4 feet long, driven in the ground near the northern line fence of the court-house grounds,
bears o^ 22^.0 west of true north. The flag pole on the cupola of the frame school building bears
88** 48''. 2 west of true north. The top of the railroad water tank bears 52° 28^.9 west of true south.
Wheeler County , Bartlett, /poo.— Observations were made over a sandstone post 3 feet long, set
33 inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small hole marking
the center. This stone was placed in the southeast comer of the court-house square. It is distant
125.6 feet from the southeast comer of the frame court-house building and is southeast of it. An iron
pipe 3 feet long and 2 inches in diameter was driven in the ground 221.15 ^^^t from this post, in a
westerly direction, near a wire fence. The mark or range used was the rod of A. L. Bishop's windmill
pump. This mark or range bears 15° 55'.6 west of true south. The iron pipe bears 89® 36^.1 west of
true south. The central chimney of the schoolhouse on the hill bears 53° 07''. 2 west of true south.
York County , York, igoo, — ^The station is on the grounds of the Ursuline Convent, about one-half
mile east of the court-house. It is 103 feet 9 inches north of the northeast comer of the convent and
hospital building and 109 feet 3 inches southwest of the northwest comer of the schoolhouse. It is
marked by a sandstone lettered on top U. S. C. S. The mark or range used was the north edge of
the dome on the court-house, just below the base of the statue, and bears 94^ 08^.8 west of true south.
NEVADA.
Douglas County, Genoa, i88g, — The station is 43 feet south of the astronomic station, in the
meridian. The astronomical station is in the vacant lot back of the store of Mr. Morris Harris, 75
feet 7 inches from the southwest comer and 83 feet i inch from the northwest corner. It is marked
by a pier 15 inches by 25 inches, built 3 feet above the ground.
DESCRIPTIONS OP MAGNETIC STATIONS. 343
NEVADA— Continued.
Douglas County, Initial^ 1894, — Initial, T, T3, etc., are transit points in the preliminary line run
in defining the California-Nevada boundary.
Esmetalda County , 7^, i8g4, — T33, T34, etc., are transit points in the preliminary line run in
defining the California-Nevada boundary.
Lincoln County y T",,,, iSgg, — ^T,xx, Tx», etc., are transit points in the preliminary line run in
defining the California-Nevada boundary.
Lincoln County ^ PiochCy /88j. — ^The station is 18.5 meters from the geodetic station in the line to
Wheeler Peak, which bears 11** 33-'. 5 west of true north.
Nye County, T^, ^8pj;. — Tgoi Tj,, etc., are transit points in the preliminary line run in defining
the California-Nevada boundary.
Onnsby County, Carson City, i8g^, — ^The station is the north stone of a meridian line in the
Pavilion yard, the property of Ormsby County, 6.45 meters south of the north fence and 1.8 meters
west of the east fence. The south stone is very near the southeast comer, 44.88 meters from the north
stone. Both stones are granite, 8 inches square, with intersecting grooves on top. The south stone
is too far east by o® 01^.2.
Washoe County, Verdi, i88g. — ^The station is 36 meters north of the longitude pier, approximately
in the meridian. The pier is about ne-third of a mile east of the town, on the slight elevation back
of Mr. O. Lonkey's residence, about 40 meters north of the stone fence directly opposite the water
faucet in the garden. The part of the pier above ground has now been taken down.
White Pine County, Wheeler Peak, 1882. — ^This is the most prominent peak of the Snake Range
and is locally most generally known as Jeff Davis Peak. The easiest ascent is made from Snake
Valley, starting from Lehman's ranch, about 3^ miles east of the mouth of the canyon. The station
is on the highest and western prong of the double peak.
White Pine County^ Lehman's ranch, 1882, — The station is on the open flat, near the house and
stable of B. S. Lehman, in Snake Valley. It is 33.4 meters from the southwest comer of the house,
40.5 meters from the northwest corner of the corral, and 50 meters from the northeast comer of the
stable. It is marked by a rough stone about 10 inches in diameter, projecting a few inches above
the ground. The southwest comer of Lehman's house bears 3® I7''.6 west of true north, and the
<:himney on Baker's house bears 2® 55^.4 west of true south.
White Pine County^ Tres Pinos, 1882. — No description.
NEW HAMPSHIRE.
Cheshire County, Chesterfield, i8go, — Station is located on the summit of a small knoll on the Wilde
place, of almanac fame. It is i mile east of Factoryville and a little north of the public road to
Keene, N. H. Exact point is marked by the center of a lead bolt set in a solid bowlder which stands
a few inches above the ground. Station is distant 4 feet 8 inches from a maple tree with a triangular
cut in it and 30 feet 6 inches a little south of east of another maple tree with a similar cut in it. The
center of the white spire. Park Hill, Westmoreland, bears 35° 34''. 8 west of true north.
Grafton County, Hanover, i8p8. — Station can be found by setting the theodolite over the north
base mark of the college base on Main street, near Elm street, and laying off an angle of 129° 04^ west
from the base and measuring 512.4 feet (in a northwesterly direction). The mark or range used was
a stone tower in college park near the observatory, and bears 80° 09"^. 9 east of true south.
NEW JERSEY.
Cape May County, Cape May, i8gr, — ^The station is located in a vacant lot northwest of the inter-
section of Broadway and Beach avenue. It is 100 feet north of Beach avenue and 75 feet west of
Broadway.
Cape May County, Sea Isle City, 1884. — ^The station is on a little sand hill in the rear of the village,
near the edge of the marsh.
Middlesex County, New Brunszuicfc, i8g^, — ^The station is located in the athletic field of Rutgers
College. It is 32.4 feet from the western fence and 26 feet from the southern fence of this field, and
is marked by a solid red cedar post sunk 2^ feet in the ground, its top being flush with the surface.
The center of the southern chimney of William Metlar's house bears 14^ 15^ east of true north.
344 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
NEW JERSEY— Continued.
Monmouth County ^ Sandy Hook^ iSgs- — The station is southwest of Sandy Hook light-house and
about 100 feet from mean low-water mark on the inner shore of Sandy Hook. It is marked by a red
cedar post projecting 4 inches above the sand. The flagstaff on the life-saving station bears 13^ 50^
west of true north. The central rod on Sandy Hook light-house bears 51^ 40^ east of true north.
NEW MEXICO.
Bernalillo County ^ Fort Wingate^ i8g^. — Observations were made over a tack in a stake projecting
about 4 inches above the ground, surrounded by a pile of stones.
This stake is located on the top of a knoll almqst south of the hospital building of the fort, in line
with the school building to the west of south, an oak tree, and the second mountain table from the
east to the east of north. It is distant in the direction of the schoolhouse 123.8 feet from the above-
described oak tree and about 200 feet from the northeast corner of this school building. This stake
is also in the prolonged line of the formation known as ** Navaho's church " to the west of north and
the northeast comer of the central and the higher part of the hospital building. The mark or range
used was the northeast comer edge of the * ' Santa Pe Route ' ' depot. This mark or range bears 3® 25^. i
west of true north.
Bernalillo County^ Albuquerque, i8gg, — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stub
driven flush with the ground. This stub was located in the southern playgrounds of school No. 3,
ward 3, distant 69.4 feet from the southeast corner and 74. i feet from the southwest corner of the
school building. This stub is about one-half mile northwest of the point where observations were
made in 1888, which is no longer suitable for magnetic observations. The mark or range used was
the intersection of the eastern side of the chimney and the roof of the house about three-fourths of a
mile distant. This mark or range bears 12^ 27^.4 west of true south.
Chaves County, Campbell , igo2. — Station is located southwest of the railroad section house. It is
96.4 and 82.2 feet, respectively, from the northwest and southwest corners of the section house, and is
marked by a wooden stub. A windmill about i 000 feet distant bears 80° 08^ east of true north. The
mark or range used was the first milepost south of the station, and bears 71^ 56^.4 west of true south.
Chaves County, Hagerman, igo2, — Station is located in the yard of Dr. F. B. Crutcher, one block
east of the railroad station. It is 59.5, 55.3, and 83.5 feet, respectively, from the street to the west, the
northwest corner of his house and the southwest comer of the yard. Exact point is marked by a
wooden stub sunk in the ground. The chimney on the station house of the Pecos Valley Railroad
bears 71° 06^ west of true south, and pole on public school bears 45^ 57^ east of true north.
Chaves County, Kenna, 1^2. — Station is located in the yard of ranch T7, of the Littlefield Cattle
Company, about i mile northeast of the railroad station at Kenna. It is 68.6, 58.5, and 46.5 feet,
respectively, from the southwest comer of the yard and southwest and southeast comers of the house
and is marked by a wooden stub. The north chimney on railroad station bears 20® 17' west of true
south. The mark or range used was the railroad water-tower spire, and bears 10® 55^.9 west of true south.
Chaves County, Lower Penasco, /go2. — Station is located in the yard of the C. A. Bar ranch, about
I mile east of the post-office. It is 88.5, 68.5, and 21.5 feet, respectively, from the northwest and south-
west comers of the house and northwest corner of the storeroom, and is marked by a wooden stub.
The southeast corner of the boys* sleeping house, about one-fourth of a mile distant, bears 57*^ 36^ west
of true south.
Chaves County, Portales, jgoi. — Observations were made over a cedar stub located in the open
ground in front of Wise's Hotel and near Charles Woodcock's store. It is 136 and 115 feet, fespec-
tively, from the southeast and southwest comers of Woodcock's store. A tack driven in the top of the
stub denotes the exact spot. The mark or range used was the spire on Seymour's house. This mark
or range bears 22® 19^.8 west of true south. The spire on the schoolhouse bears o^ 42^.8 west of true
south.
Chaves County, Roswell, igoi, — Observations were made at the south stone of the meridian line
established in the court-house square. This stone is 119.5, 82.4, and 123.1 feet, respectively, from the
southeast, southwest, and northwest comers of the court-house. The north stone is 14 feet from the
north fence. These stones project about 18 inches above ground.
Colfax County, Springer, i8gg. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stake projecting
cbout I inch above the ground. This stake was located in the grounds of the old court-house, the
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 345
NEW MEXICO— Continued.
county seat having been changed. It is distant 96.3 feet from the northeast comer of the stone wall
surrounding the jail yard, and is 161. 4 feet from the northwest comer of the court-house. It is distant
33.7 feet from the northern fence line of these old court-house grounds/ It is also distant 30 feet
south and 7 feet west from a tree which is in the prolonged line of the eastern wall of the jail yard.
The mark or range used was the northern ridge of the adobe house. This mark or range bears
8° 59^.7 east of true south.
Eddy County y Carlsbad y i^i, — Observations were made at the south stone of a meridian line
276.8 feet long established in the court-house square. This stone is 79.1, 104. i and 56 feet, respec-
tively, from the southwest and southeast comers of the court house and the south fence of the grounds.
The north stone is 12 feet from the north fence. Prom the south stone the Baptist Church spire bears
65® 02'' west of true south.
Eddy County y Hope^ 1902. — Station is located in the yard of J. A. Beckett, southwest of the post-
office. It is 90.6, 61.4 and 79 feet, respectively, from the southwest, northwest, and northeast comers
of his house, and is marked by a wooden stub. The mark or range used was the northeast corner of
the schoolhouse, and bears 33^ 16^.4 west of true north. The south gable of Cox's farm house bears
35® 35' east of true north.
Eddy County y McMillan^ /90.?.— Station is located west of the railroad track between the McMil-
lan Mercantile Company's storeand railrocul station house. It is 31.5, 21.5, and 1 13.8 feet, respectively,
from a comer of the fence, the nearest point of the fence, and southwest comer of the station house,
and is marked by a wooden stub. The mark or range used was a telegraph pole about 500 feet distant,
and bears 13^ 22^.6 east of true south. The Hogg & Wilcox windmill, about i mile distant, bears
66® 03^ east of true north.
Eddy County y Stegtnan, IQ02. — Station is located northwest of the post-office, near the house of
Mrs. Stegman. It is 77.8, 60.3, and 50.3 feet, respectively, from the southwest comer of the house, the
southwest corner of the yard, and a Cottonwood tree to the south, and is marked by a wooden stub.
The mark or range used was the chimney on post-office, and bears 42*^ 37^.5 east of true south. The
north chimney on railroad station bears 32® 35' east of true south.
Grant County ^ Deming, /888,- -The station is in the open field, south of Wells, Fargo & Co.'s
express office and the Southern Pacific Railroad. It is 40.5 yards from the southwest corner of station
agent's yard, and 55 yards from the center of the Southern Pacific Railroad track. It is marked by a
redwood post sunk flush with the ground.
Lincoin County y Capitan^ 1^2. — The station is about a quarter of a mile southwest of the railroad
station. It is 1.2 feet north of the building line on the north side of Fourth street, 29.6 feet from Hotel
Meers, and 20.5 feet from Red Men's Hall. The mark or range used was the spire on the public
school, and bears 52° 15^^.3 east of tme south. Tucson Mountain peak, about 5 miles distant, bears
17** 05' west of true north.
Lincoln County y Carrizozo Ranch y igo2. — Station is located at the Carrizozo Ranch, about 2 miles
north of the railroad station. It is 24.6, 56.8, and 55.1 feet, respectively, from the northeast comer of
the storehouse and northwest and southwest comers of the mansion house of W. C. McDonald, and is
marked by a wooden stub. The wall of an old house bears 72° 04^ east of true south.
Lincoln County y Lincoln y igo2. — Station is located in the court-hpuse yard. It is 21. i and 30.5
feet, respectively, from the east and south corners of the court-house, and is marked by a wooden post.
A south meridian post was placed about 300 feet distant. A nail in a tree 22 paces from the magnetic
station is directly in line between the two posts. The Catholic church spire, about one-third mile
distant, bears 69® 47^ east of true south.
Lincoln County y PicachOy 1^2. — Station is located near the post-office and store of R. P. Hopkins.
It is 77.1 and 53.2 feet, respectively, from the southeast corner of the store and southwest corner of the
stock building, and is marked by a wooden stub. The mark or range used was the chimney on August
Cline's house, and bears 23° 09^.5 east of true south.
Lincoln County y White OakSy igo2. — Station is located in the yard adjoining the Hotel Baxter. It
is 13.5, 19.3, and 9.6 feet, respectively, from the southwest comer of the yard, the southwest comer of
the hotel, and the street to the south, and is marked by a wooden stub. The mark or range used was
the middle sash line of the gable window of L. W. Stewart's house, about one-half mile distant and
bears 55" 05^.7 east of true south.
346 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
NEW MEXICO— Continued.
Mora County^ Fort Union ^ /888.— The station is in the grounds at Fort Union, 87 feet and 4 inches
from the center of Captain Wheeler's astronomical pier of 1874, and 96 ieet from the center of the
gratftte pier with the sundial upon it. It is marked by a stone post 2 inches by 3 inches on top, sunk
flush with the surface of the ground. The center of Captain Wheeler's astronomical pier bears 66® 31^. 7
west of true north.
Otero County, AlamogordOy igo2. — Station is located in the northeast comer of the court-house
square. It is 133.3, 95- ii and 150.4 feet, respectively, from the southeast, northeast, and northwest cor-
ners of the court-house. Exact point is marked on a stone set in the ground for a north meridian
mark. A south meridian stone was established on the south side of the court-house square. The
mark or range used was the west spire of livery stable, and bears 22° 13^.5 east of true south. The spire
of the Baptist Church bears 55° 23^^.5 east of true north.
Otero County y Mescalero, igo2, — Station is located at the Indian agency, between the assembly
building and superintendent's office. It is 71.2, 111.3, and 93 feet, respectively, from the southeast
comer of the former and northeast and northwest comers of the latter. Exact point is marked on a
stone set in the ground for a north meridian mark. A south meridian stone was established beyond
the superintendent's office.
Otero County y Tularosa, /902.— Station is located on the lot adjoining Sanders Hotel, near the cor-
ner of Main and D streets. It is 3.1, 33.5, and 89.3 feet, respectively, from the southeast comer of the
hotel, Main street, and D street, and is marked by a wooden stub. The mark or range used was the
northwest comer of the house of Jose Gomez, and bears 69® 40^.7 east of true south. The comer of
Knight's store bears 60® 48^ east of true north.
Otero County, Upper Penasco, igo2, — Station is located in the open lot adjoining the store of J. E. C.
Bell. It is 61.4, 1 18.9, and 132.6 feet, respectively, from northwest comer of Al Cole's house and
southwest and southeast comers of the store, and is marked by a wooden stub. The mark or range
used was the schoolhouse chimney, and bears 45® 03^^ west of true south. The southwest comer of May-
hill's house bears 56® 04^ east of true north.
Rio Arriba County, Lumberton, /8pp. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a small
stake projecting 3 inches out of the grotmd. This stake was placed in the open space east of the
inclosed field of Antonio Lovato. It is in line with the house of Petro Flores west of south of this
station, and the house of Gulio Deharra east of north of this station. This stake is distant 96.1 feet
from the east and the near fence line of the Lovato property. It is 170.9 feet to the northeast comer
of this property, measured along this fence from the point nearest the station, and it is 196. i feet from
this northeast comer to the station in a direct line. The station is distant 300 and 344.2 feet, respec-
tively, from the nearest comers of Mr. Gulio Deharra's and from Mrs. Frassisco^s houses. The mark or
range used was the northern ridge of the residence of Gavino Pacheco. This mark or range bears
47° 50^*4 ^^st of true south.
Santa Fe County, Santa Fe, i8gg, — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stub driven
flush with the ground. This stub was located in the parade grounds of old Fort Marcy, distant 74.2
feet from the center of the astronomical pier, at the flag pole of the fort, and is also distant 177.5 ^^^t
from the astronomical longitude pier, whicli is located in these parade grounds. This stub was placed
in line with the flagstafif on the land-office building and the lamp-post on these grounds. This point
is about 150 or 160 feet east of the point where magnetic observations were made in 1895. The mark
or range used was the tip of the dome of the new capitol building. This mark or range bears 22^
16^.2 west of true south.
San Miguel County, East Las Vegas, i8gp. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stake
driven flush with the ground. This stake was located in Lincoln Park, in East Las Vegas, and east
of the river. It is distant 46 feet southeast of the center of one of the diagonal pathways through this
park, and is 48.1 feet southwest of the center of the other diagonal pathway. Lincoln Park is bounded
by Lincoln street, Jackson street. Seventh street, and Eighth street. This stake is in the line of the
eastern wall of Mr. Buck's stone house to the south (the third house from Eighth street) and the flag
pole on Lincoln avenue to the north, and also in line with the chimney of an old mill on Seventh
street to the east and Mr. McMurphy's residence to the west (the second house from Jackson street).
There is a tree between this stake and the eastern wall of Mr. Buck's house, which is in line with the
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 347
NEW MEXICO— Continued,
flag pole on Lincoln avenue. The mark or range used was the gable of a house. This mark or range
hears 25° 06''. 2 east of true south.
Socorro County^ Fort Craig ^ /^pp.— Observations were made over a copper tack in a stake driven
flush with the ground. This stake was located in the old drill ground at Port Craig. It is distant
25.7 feet east and 17.8 feet south of the center of the stone pier over which magnetic observations were
made in 1888. It is also distant 29.6 feet in a straight line from the center of this stone pier. The
mark or range used was a distant mountain peak. This mark or range bears 20° 04'^. 2 west of true
south.
Socorro County ^ Socorro ^ i8gg. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stake driven flush
with the ground. This stake was located in the court-house grounds, distant 15. i feet from the inner
side of the stone-wall fence to the south and 71.3 feet from the inner side of the stone-wall fence to
the west of it. It is also distant 108.7 ^^^t from the southwest corner of the court-house building.
The mark or range was the western intersection of the roof and chimney of a mill. This mark or
range bears 34° 26^.9 east of true south.
Taos County f Tres Piedras^ i8gg. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a small stake
projecting 2 inches out of the ground. This stake was placed in the open space east of the railway
station of the Denver and Rio Grande Railway, in line with the northern side of this railway station,
and is distant 302.3 feet from its northeast comer. It is approximately in the line of a small, stunted
evergreen 300 feet north of the station and the western edge of the summit of range between moun-
tains in the distance and ' * Las Tres Orejas. ' ' The mark or range used was the middle one of these three
peaks, known collectively as "Las Tres Orejas,*' or "the three ears." This mark or range bears
28° I4''.4 east of true south.
Union County y Clayton ^ 18^. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stake driven flush
with the ground. This stake was located in the boys' playgrotmd of the public school, distant
67.2 feet from the southeast comer of the school building, 96.6 feet from the southwest comer of the
school building, and 47.7 feet from the northeast corner of a brick outhouse on the boys' side. It
is also distant about 40 feet north of the prolongation of the fence line, and is about 85 feet east of the
fence line dividing the school grounds. This stake is about in line with the tower on the school
building and the adobe house on the claim of Thomas Solomon to the east of south, and is also about
in line with the easternmost part to the north and the beginning of the curve of the Colorado Southern
Railway to the south. The mark or range used was the southwest comer of the adobe building on the
claim of Thomas Solomon. This mark or range bears 45° 11^.5 east of true south.
Valencia County ^ Grants ^8gg. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stake projecting
about 3 inches above the ground. This stake was located on ground north of the railroad track,
between the railway section house and the Santa Fe Pacific Railway station. It is distant 126.6 feet
from the northwest comer of the section house, 290 feet from the northwest comer of the freight
house, and about 235 feet north of the center of the track. The mark or range used was the edge of a
mountain. This mark or range bears 19® o8''.9 east of true south.
NEW YORK.
Albany County ^ Albany ^ i8g6. — Station is marked by a cross cut in the top of a marble post, 24
inches by 4 inches by 4 inches. This post is sunk flush with the surface of the ground, and is located
on the hill north of the city, near the old Dudley Observatory, about 200 feet southwest of the
main observatory building.
Broom County ^ Binghatnton^ 1888, — A meridian line was established on the hill south of the
city, and marked by two stone posts about 350 feet apart, one at the comer of McKinney aiid Gertrude
streets, the other at the comer of McKinney and Hotchkiss streets. Magnetic observations were
made over the south stone. The mark or range used was the spire of the Congregational church,
which bears 4° 30^ east of true north.
Chenango County, Oxford, 188^. — Observations were made over the lead bolt in a stone sunk
flush with the level of the ground, on the crest of the small hill back of Oscar Dodge's house and bam,
on Scott street, at the end of Taylor street. The mark or range used was the pinnacle of the Academy
building, and bears 25° 50^.3 east of true south. The Universalist church bears 83® 27-^.3 east of true
south.
348 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
NEW YORK— Continued.
Erie Couniyy Buffalo^ 1883. — The station Is located in the rear of the quartermaster's department
of Fort Porter. It is 179 feet from the Lake Survey Geodetic station (marked by pier), and distant
68 feet 6 inches and 70 feet 2 inches, respectively, from the west and north comers of the stone house
used for stores.
Jeffersoft County^ Mannsville^ /8S^.— The magnetic station was located on the line of geodetic
station, Mannsville-Loomis, about 50 meters distant from the former. The geodetic station is about
one-half mile northeast of the village, on land owned by Mr. W. G. Marsh, lot 117, Ellisburg Town-
ship, on the highest land in the immediate vicinity. It is marked by a marble post set 18 inches
below the surface of the ground. Two reference stones are set close to a stone wall east of the station,
distant, respectively, 91.79 meters, and 107.84 meters.
Madison County y Fenner, 1882. — ^The station is located in the line from Fenner geodetic station
to Tassel geodetic station, distant 160 feet from the former. Fenner geodetic station was established
by the New York State survey, and is marked by a granite post lettered on top U. S. C. S. Four
other posts (marble) are set distant 1.5 meters from this post, at the four cardinal points. It is in
Fenner Township, on land of Orville E. Wormuth.
New York County ^ Riverside Park^ 188^. — ^The station is located just north of the Claremount
Hotel, at One hundred and twenty-sixth street and Riverside drive, New York City. It is distant
74 feet 3 inches almost due north from the center of the stone marking the extension of One hundred
and twenty-sixth street.
Oneida County ^ Pen Mounts 1882, — Magnetic station is 18.8 meters from geodetic station in line
to •* Star Hill." Pen Mount is the highest of the *' Steuben Hills,'* in the northwestern part of the
county. The geodetic station is on the top of this hill in a cleared field belonging to Mr. O. D. Jones,
and marked by 5 limestone posts each 3 feet long. The center post, lettered U. S. »-;. S., is the station.
Onondaga County ^ Howletiy 1883. — ^The station is located in the large open lot north of the
geodetic station and due west of the astronomical station. The geodetic station is in the township of
Marcellus, close to the road running north and south, which forms the boundary between the
townships of Marcellus and Onondaga. • It is at the southern edge of Mr. O. W. Fyler's barnyard,
just opposite Mr. J. H. Secor's property. It is marked by a stone post with 4 other posts i^ meters
north, south, east and west, respectively, from it. It is lettered on top U. S. C. S., and on its side
N. Y. S. S. 109.
Oswego County y LoomiSy 1882. — The station is located approximately in line joining Loomis
geodetic station to Florence geodetic station, and is distant 25 feet from the former. The geodetic
station is near the village of Palermo, about 1.3 kilometers south-southwest from Palermo Center.
It is on land owned by Mr. Loomis, who lives at the corner of the road leading to Fulton from
Palermo Center. It is marked by a marble post 30 inches long, sunk flush with the surface of the
ground and lettered on top U. S. C. S., with two grooves cut in the diagonals. Four other posts ^re
set distant 1.5 meters from the central one, one in each cardinal direction.
Otsego County y OtsegOy 1882. — Magnetic station is 29 feet from Otsego geodetic station and in line
to " Summit." The geodetic station is located upon " East Hill," about 3 miles east of Cherry Valley
and about 4 miles from Sharon Springs railroad station. The station is on land owned by Mr. Albert
Stiles, and is marked by a central post with four others true north, south, east, and west of it.
Tompkins County y Ithaca y /8go,—TYie station is located on the knoll just in the rear of Professor
Fuerte's and Professor Thurston's houses. The point is marked by a marble post 2^ feet by 4 inches
by 4 inches, buried so as to be flush with the surface of the ground. This post is lettered on top
U. S. C. S. The spire on the University Chapel bears 78° 27' west of true north.
Warrefi County y Prospect {near Caldwell) y 1882. — The station is 849 feet below the geodetic
station on a hill in the rear of a red bam. The geodetic station is about 3 miles west of Lake George
post-ofiice and about i Yz miles west of the Mountain House, on the summit of the mountain, and is
marked by a copper bolt placed in the solid rock 2.3 feet below the surface of the ground.
Wayne Countyy ClydCy 188$. — The station is located in the open field south and west of the
geodetic station, distant 176.5 feet. The geodetic station is situated in lot 73, Galen Township, about
2 miles south of the village of Clyde, on a high narrow ridge running approximately north and south.
It is marked by a stone post set 2>^ feet below the surface of the ground, and is 5.43 meters south of a
large basswood tree, the only tree on the hill.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 349
NORTH CAROLINA.
Alamance County^ Graham ^ ^^99- — Observations were made over the monument in the south-
west corner of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this monument, near
the northwestern boundary of the court-house propert}'.
Alexander County^ Taylorsville^ igoo. — Observations were made over the monument marking the
south end of tlie meridian line established in the court-house square. It is southeast of the court-
house. The other monument is in the northeast corner of the court-house square.
Alleghany County^ Sparta, — A meridian line was established on the court-house property. Obser-
vations were made over the north monument in the northeast corner of the court-house square, in the
rear of the court-house. The south monument is near the southern boundary of the court-house
property.
Anson County^ WadesborOy igoo. — In the field occupied by the Smithsonian eclipse expedition in
May, 1900, a meridian line was established and permanently marked by two marble blocks, 9 by 9
inches square and 2 feet long. The magnetic observations were made by G. R. Putnam at a point 91
yards east of the line, the meridian line having been established later.
Ashe County ^ Jefferson y igoo. — Observations were made over the north monument of the meridian
line, in front of the court-house. The south monument is in front of the jail.
Beaufort County, Washington, i8g8. — Observations were made over the monument in the city
cemetery, near its southern inclosure. The other monument is true north of this monument, near
the western entrance of the cemetery.
Bertie County, Windsor, i8g8. — Observations were made over the north monument at the " County
Home,'* 2 miles southeast of Windsor, near the superintendent's house. The other monument is true
south of this monument and near the fence.
Bladen County, Elizahethtown, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the south-
east corner of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this monument, near the
court-house building.
BrunsTvick County, Southport, i8g8. — Observations were made over the monument in the north-
east corner of the ground of Fort Johnson. The other monument is true south of this monument,
near the river bank.
Buncombe County, Asheville, i8g8, — Observations were made over the monument in the " Ashe-
ville Cemetery" in front of the WiHiam J. Johnson section. The other monument is true north of
this monument, near the entrance of the cemetery.
Burke County, Morganton^ igoo. — Observations were made over the south monument of the
meridian line, in the southwest comer of the court-house square. The north monument is near the
northern edge of the square.
Cabarrus County, Concord, i8gg, — Observations were made over the monument in the open square
in the rear of the court-house. The other monument is true south of this monument, in the court-
house square.
Caldwell County, Lenoir, igoo. — Observations were made over the north monument of the merid-
ian line on the grounds of "the Davenport College," in the open space near the entrance gate. The
south monument is also in the college grounds, in the grove on the side of the hill.
Camden County, Camden, igoo. — Ob^rvations were made over the south monument of meridian
line, near the southern limit of the court-house square. The north monument is near the northern
limit of the square.
Carteret County, Beaufort, i8g8. — A true north and south line, marked with two monuments, was
established in the court-house square. A surveyor should mount his compass over the south
monument.
Caswell County, Yanceyville, igoo, — Observations were made over the south monimient of the
meridian line, on the court-house property, just in front of the Corbett Hotel. The north monument
is also on the court-house property, on the hill.
Catawba County, Newton, /900.— Observations were made over the south monument of the
meridian line, east of the court-house. The north monument is also on the covut-house property,
northeast of the court-house.
Chatham County, Pittsboro, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the southeast
350 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
NORTH CAROLINA— Continued.
comer of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this monument, on the court-
house property.
Cherokee County^ Murphy^ iS^8, — Observations were made over the monument on the open lot
east of the high school. The other monument is true south of this monument, on the edge of the
hill, and also on county property.
Chowan County ^ Edenton, i8g8, — Observations were made over the monument in the southeast
comer of the court-house square. The other monument is also in the court-house square, true north of
this monument.
Clay County t Hayesville^ igoo, — Observations were made over the south monument of the merid-
ian line, in front of the court-house. The north monument is near the northern boundary of the
court-house square.
Cleveland County y Shelby^ ^^99- — Observations were made over the monument in the court-house
square, southeast of the building. The other monument is true north of this monument, in the court-
house square.
Columbus County i Fair Bluffs i8gi, — The station is in the open space just one block south of the
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, between the properties of CoL T. F. Toms and Mr. J. A. Mearsand, near
the center of the street. It is marked by a copper tack in a yellow-pine post.
Columbus County, Lake Waccamaw^ i8gi. — The station is in the yard of Mr. G. S. Gillespie, in
the northern suburb of village. It is 62.5 feet from the southwest comer of Mr. Gillespie's house,
and is 12 feet from the west fence and 74.3 feet from the north fence of the yard. The station is
marked by a copper tack in a yellow-pine post.
Columbus County J IVhitemlle, ^^99' — Observations were made over the monument in the north-
west corner of the court-house lot. The other monument is true south of this monument, near the
southern boundary of the court-house property.
Craven County y Newbemy /^^.—Observations were made over the monument in the extreme
northern part of Cedar Grove Cemetery. The other monument is true north of this monument, in a
grove of pines.
Cumberland County, Fayetteville, 1899. — Observations were made over the monument in the
lot owned by the city, near the old court-house square, in front of Mr. Underwood's house. The
other monument is true north of this monument, in the old court-^iouse square.
Currituck County, Currituck, 1898. — Observations were made over the monimient in the southeast
comer of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this montunent, and also in
the court-house square.
Currituck County, Knott Island, 1887, —Th.^ station is on the Virginia and North Carolina boundary
on Knott Island, about 1,700 feet from Back Bay, a little north of Mr. Williams's stable, and 52 feet
east of the latitude station of the Virginia and North Carolina boundary line.
Currituck County, Northwest, 188/.— The station is on the Virginia and North Carolina boundary,
10 miles east of where the State line crosses the Dismal Swamp Canal.
Dare County, Cape Hatteras Light-House, 1898, — No monuments marking the true north and
south line were established here. The station was marked by a stub and tack 50 yards from the inner
beach, on a point of land southeast of the house owned by Dr. J. J. Davis.
Dare County, Chicamicomico, i8g8. — No monuments marking the true north and south line were
established here. The station was marked by a stub and tack 30 yards from the inner beach, and east
of the house owned by Aaron O'Neal.
Dare County, Manteo, i8g8. — Observations were made over the monument in the southwest comer
of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this monument, near the fence.
Davidson County, Lexington, igoo, — Observations were made over the north monument of the
meridian line, in the court-house square, in the small plot in front of the post-office. The south
monument is near the southern limit of the court-house square.
Davie County, Mocksville, igoO. — Observations were made over the south monument of the
meridian line, in the southwest comer of the court-house property. The north monument is in the
northwest comer of the property.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 35 1
NORTH CAROLINA— Continued.
Duplin County ^ Kenansville^ ^^99- — Observations were made over the monument in the large open
square (the property of Duplin County) west of the court-house. The other monument is true north
of this monument, and also in this square.
Duplin County y Warsaw y i8gi. — The station is in the open lot adjoining the Methodist church in
the southeastern suburbs of the village. It is marked by a copper tack in a yellow-pine post. The
point is distant 30.3 meters from the southwest comer of the Methodist church and 15.13 meters from
the southwest comer of the. ditch, in the rear of the church.
Durham County ^ Durham ^ i8g8. — ^At the County Home, 3 miles from the city of Durham, obser-
vations were made over the montmient just in front of the superintendent's house. The other monu-
ment is true south of this monument, near the public road.
Edgecxmtbe County ^ Rocky Mounts igoo, — ^The station is about one-half or three-fourths of a mile
west of the town, on " Tem" Short's farm. It is 14.55 ^^^ from the northwest comer and 17.80 feet
from the southwest comer of his new tobacco bam.
Edgecombe County ^ Tarboro^ ^^99- — Observations were made over the monument in "the city
common" in front of the high school. The other monument is true north of this monument in
"the common."
Forsyth County ^ IVinstonSaletn^ 18^. — Observations were made over the monument near the
southern boundary fence of the Moravian cemetery. The other monument is also in the cemetery,
true north of this monument. The monuments at this place are rough granite posts, with a small hole
marking the center.
Franklin County y Louisburg^ i8pp. — Observations were made over the monimient in the county
lot in the rear of the jail. The other monument is true south of this monument, in the same county
lot, near the river.
Gaston County ^ Dallas^ /goo. — Observations were made over the south monument of the meridian
line in the southeast comer of the court-house square. The north monument is in the northeast comer
of the square.
Gates County^ GatesvillCy i8gg, — Observations were made over the monument in the southwest
comer of the court-house lot. The other monument is true north of this monument, in the court-
house lot.
Graham County ^ Robbinsville^ igoo. — Observations were made over the north monument of the
meridian line on the court-house property, in front of the court-house.
Granville County ^ Oxford ^ i8g8. — Observations were made over the monument in the grounds of
the Orphan Asylum. The other meridian stone is also in the Orphan Asylum grounds, and true north
of this monument.
Green County ^ Snow Hilly i8gg. — Observations were made over the bluff on the side of the road
which runs in front of the court-house. The other monument is true south of this monument, near
the court-house building.
Guilford County y GreensborOy i8gg, — Observations were made over the monument in the park in
front of the Greensboro Female College. The other monument is true north of this monument, near
the street.
Halifax County y Halifax y i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the court-house
lot, northeast of the building. The other monument is true south of this monument, near the eastern
fence of the court-house square.
Halifax County y IVeldony /88^.— The station is in the lot west of the Methodist church. It is 15
paces from Mrs. Allen's fence, and northwest of it.
Harnett County y Lillingiony i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the southeast
comer of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this monument, in the court-
house square.
Haywood County y WaynesvillCy igoo. — Observations were made over the north monument of
the meridian line in the rear of the court-house.
Henderson County y HendersonvilUy igoo. — Observations were made over the north monument of
the meridian line, in the open space in the yard in the rear of the court-house. The south monument
is in the same yard.
352 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
NORTH CAROLINA— Continued.
Hertford County, Riddicksville, 1887. — The station is i mile south of the Nottaway River, on the
lawn in front of the house of Mr. James D. Riddick.
Hertford County, Winton, 7599.— Observations were made over the monument near the southern
edge of the court-house lot. The other monument is true north of this monument, in the court-house
lot, near the fence.
Hyde County, Swanquarter, i8g8. — Observations were made over the monument in southwest
corner of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this monument, near the court-
house building.
Iredell County, Statesinlle, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the grounds of
the Statesville graded :»chool. The other monument is true north of this monument, near the street.
The monuments at this place are of marble instead of granite.
fackson County, Webster, iSgS. — Observations were made over the monument on the edge of the
public road which runs in front of the court-house. The other monument is true north of this monu-
ment, near the court-house building.
fohnston County, Smithfield, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the southeast
comer of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this monument, near the edge
of the street.
fones County, Trenton, igoo. — Observations were made over the south monument of the meridian
line in the court-house square.
Lenoir County, Kinston, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the northeast
comer of the court-house lot. The other monument is true south of this monument, near the street.
Lincoln County, Lincolnton, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the open
court-house square. The other monument is true south of this monument, near the court-house
building.
McDowell County, Marion, /5p*J.— Observations were made over the monument in the northeast
comer of the court-house square. The other monument is true south of this monument, near the edge
of the court-house square.
Macon County, Franklin, /8g8. — Observations were made over the monument in the northeast
comer of the court-house square. The other monument is true south of this monument, in the open
space near the jail.
Madison County, Marshall, i8g8. — Observations were made over the monument on the south side
of the hill above the court-house. The other monument is true south of this monument, near the jail
fence.
Martin County, Jamesville, i8gi. — ^The station is in the open lot adjoining the ** White Methodist
church," in the southeastern suburbs of the town. The station is marked with a yellow-pine post and
copper tack. The station is distant 38.3 meters from the northeast corner of the Methodist church and
32.5 meters from the southeast comer of this church.
Martin County, Willianiston, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the rear of
the court-house. The other monument is true north of this monument, near the boundary fence of the
court-house yard.
Mecklenburg County, Charlotte ^ ^^99- — Observations were made over the monument in the large
open lot in the rear of the "Charlotte graded school." This lot is the property of the school. The
other monument is on this same lot true north of this monument.
Mitchell County, Baker smile, igoo. — Observations were made over the north monument of the
meridian line in the open space on the court-house property northwest of the court-house. The south
monument is across the street, near the sidewalk.
Mitchell County, Roan High Bluff, /8gs. — ^The station is at Roan High Bluff triangulation station.
It is on a very high bluff three-fourths mile from "Cloudland Hotel," near the State line in Mitchell
County. It is on a very large rock on the edge of High Bluff. Roan High Knob is the highest point
in the vicinity.
Montgomery County, Troy, i8gg, — Observations were made over the monument in the northeast
comer of the court-house lot. The other monument is true south of this monument near the southern
boundary of the court-house lot.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 353
NORTH CAROLINA— Continued.
Moore County^ Carthage^ iSgg, — Observations were made over the monument southwest of the
court-house building. The other monument is true north of this monument, on the court-house property.
Nash County y Nashville^ i8gg, — Observations were made over the monument in the court-house
lot near its northern boundary. The other monument is true south of this monument, in the court-
house lot.
New Hanover County^ Wilmington^ /8p8. — Observations were made over the monument in the
grounds of * ' the city hospital. ' ' The other monument is true north of this monument, near the northern
inclosure of the grounds.
Northampton County y Jackson ^ iSgg, — Observations were made over the monument in the court-
house lot, northwest of the building. The other monument is true south of this monument, in the court-
house lot, near the fence.
Onslow County y Jacksonville y i8g8. — Observations were made over the monument in the southeast
corner of the court-house square. The other monument is near the jail and is true north of this
monument.
Orange County y Chapel Hilly i8g8. — On ♦he campus of the University of North Carolina; observa-
tions were made over the monument just east of the building used by the State geological survey.
The other monument is also on the campus, near the Episcopal church, and is true north of this
monument.
Orange County y HillsborOy i8g8. — Observations were made over monument on edge of the public
road east of the town. The other monument is also on the edge of the public road and is true north
of this monument.
Pamlico County y BayborOy i8g8. — Observations were made over the monument in the northeast
corner of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this monument, near the
northern edge of the court-house square.
Pasquotank County y Elizabeth Cityy /8p8. — Observations were made over the monument at the
"county home," west of the building. The other monument is near the fence and is true south of
this monument.
Pender County y BurgaWy i8gg, — Observations were made over the monument southeast of the
court-house building. The other monument is also, in the court-house lot, true north of thb
monument.
Perquimans County y Hertfordy i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the broad
avenue of "the city cemetery." The other monument is true north of this monument, near the
gate of the cemetery.
Person County y RoxborOy i8g8. — Observations were made over the monument in the city cemetery
lyi miles from the town. The other monument is also in the city cemetery and true north of this
monument.
Pitt Countyy GreenvilUy i8g8, — Observations were made over the monument in the open space
just north of the Methodist cemetery. The other monument is true north of this monument, in edge
of the city cemetery.
Polk Countyy Columbus y igoo. — Observations were made over the north monument of the meridian
line east of the court-house. The south monument is also on court-house property south of the
court-house.
Randolph Countyy AshborOy J8gg, — Observations were made over the monument in the southwest
corner of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this monument, near the
northern boundary of the court-house square.
Richmond Countyy Rocktnghamy i8gg, — Observations were made over the monument in the
grounds of " the graded school. " The other monument is true north of this monument, in the grounds
of the school near the street.
Robeson Countyy Lumbertony i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the northeast
comer of the court-house square. The other monument is true south of this monument, near the
southern boundary of the court-house square.
Rockingham Countyy IVentworthy i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the
27478 — 02 23
354 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
NORTH CAROLINA— Continued.
southeast comer of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this monument,
near the jail fence.
Rowan County^ Saiisbutyy /8gS. — Observations were made over the monument near the center of
the city cemetery. The other monument is true south of this monument, near the southern gate.
Rutherford County ^ Ruther/ordton, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the
open lot in the rear of the court-house, near the southern boundary of the court-house property. The
other monument is true south of this monument, on the court-house property.
Sampson County, Clinton y i8g^. — Observations were made over the monument in the open space
in front of the city cemetery. The other monument is true north of this monument, on the edge of
the road.
Scotland County , Laurinburgy i8gg, — Observations were made over the monument in the northern
edge of the ground of the Presbyterian church. The other monument is true south of this monu-
ment, near the public road.
Stanly County, Albemarle , igoo. — Observations were made over the south monument of the
meridian line, near the southern boundary of the grounds of the graded school in the northeast sec-
tion of the city. The north monument is east of the schoolhouse.
Stokes County, Danbury, igoo. — Observations were made over the north monument of the merid-
ian line, in the court-house square and east of the court-house. The south monument is also on
court-house property, just across the public road.
Surry County, Mount Airy, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the front yard
of the residence of Thomas Woodroffe, of the Mount Airy granite quarry. The other monument is
true south of this monument, in the same yard.
Swain County, Bryson City, i8g8, — Observations were made over the monument on top of the hill
in the city cemetery, near the Collins section. The other monument is true north of this monument,
near crest of the hill.
Transylvania County, Brevard, i8g8. — Observations were made over the monument in the south
east corner of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this monument, in the
court-house square.
Tyrrell County, Colufnbia, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in '* the academy '*
grounds east of the town. The other monument is true south of this monument, near the southeast
comer of the academy grounds.
Union County, Monroe, /8gg. — Obser\'ations were made over the monument in the northeast
corner of the court-house square. The other monument is true south of this monument, also in the
court-house lot.
Vance County, Henderson, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the northern
corner of the court-house square. The other monument is true south of this monument, near the
boundary fence of the court-house property.
Wake County, Raleigh, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the open park in
front of the *' A. M. College.*' The other monument is also in this park true north of this monument,
near a small summer house.
Warren County, Warrenton, 78g8. — Observations were made over the monument in the new city
cemetery. The other monument is also in the city cemetery true north of this monument.
Washington County, Plymouth, i8g8. — Observations were made over the monument in the pad-
dock adjoining the house of W. H. Stubbs, on the edge of the road. The other monument is also on
the edge of the road true south of this monument.
Watauga County, Boone, igoo. — Observations were made over the north monument of the meridian
line, east of the court-house. The south monument is also on county property across the road near
the sidewalk.
Wayne County, Goldsboro, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the southeast
comer of the court-house square. The other monument is true north of this monument, near the reg-
ister's office.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 355
NORTH CAROLINA— Continued.
Wilkes County^ Poore, i8g^. — The station is at Poore triangulation station, which is on the summit
of Poors Knob, Brushy Mountain, near the county line of Alexander County, N. C.
Wilkes County, WilkesborOy i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the northwest
corner of the court-house property. The other monument is true south of this monument at the corner
of the street.
Wilson County^ Wilson, i8gg. — Observations were made over the monument in the grounds of
the graded school, in the eastern section of the city. TJie other monument is true south of this
moument in the school lot, near the edge of the street.
Yadkin County, Yadkinville, igoo. — Observations were made over the north monument of the
meridian line in the northeast comer of the court-house square. The south monument is in the south-
east comer of the square.
Yancey County, Bumsville^ igoo. — Observations were made over the south monument of the
meridian line, in the southwest comer of the court-house square. The north monument is in the
northwest comer of the square.
NORTH DAKOTA.
Burleigh County, Bismarck, i8go. — ^The station is in the court-house grounds and is identical
with the latitude station, 120.5 ^^et south of the longitude pier.
Pierce County, Rugby, i8g6. — Observations were made over the center of an oak post. This oak
post was located about i 000 feet south of the railway station, in a large open field, and about 30 feet
west of the main street extended. It is also distant 501 feet southeast of the Rugby 2-story wooden
school building. The point used as a mark or range bears 25° 06^.2 east of true south.
Pembina County, Pembina, /8g6, — Observations were made over the center of a cotton wod post.
This post was located 700 feet south of the junction of the Pembina River and the Red River of the
North. It is distant 510 feet from the bank of the Red River of the North, 575 feet east of the county
road, and about 800 feet southeast of the wooden bridge across the Pembina River. Fort Pembina is
about three-fourths of a mile south of this magnetic station. The mark or range used was the flag
pole at Fort Pembina. This mark or range bears 8® I2'.i east of true south. The bridge across the
Pembina River bears 37° 07^.9 west of true south. The central point on the Winchester Hotel bears
50° 22''. 9 west of true south. The central point of the St. Vincent water tank of the Great Northern
Railway bears 64° 47^.9 east of true north.
Stark County, Dickinson, i8g6. — Observations were made over the center of a pine stub. This
pine stub was located in the large open space south of the Dickinson High School building of 1891,
128.5 ^^^t distant from the south face of this building. It is also distant 153.2 feet west of the north
and south street running in front of this school building. The mark or range used was the Catholic
church spire. This mark or range bears 87** 04''.6 east of true north. The central point on the court-
house bears 85" 15^.4 east of true south. The central point on the high school bears 2° 31^.4 west of
true north.
Stutsman County, Jamestown, i8g6. — Observations were made over a point located in the large
open space on the west side of the North Side public school, 117.8 feet northwest of the northwest
comer of the plank fence which surrounds this school building, 233.3 ^^^^ from the school building,
349.3 feet north of Fifth street, and 82 feet east of Third avenue extended. The North Side public
school building is in the north side of the town, between Second and Third avenues, and on the north
side of Fifth street. It is a 2-story brick building. The point used as a mark or range bears
Ti° 03^.8 east of true south. The flag pole on the court-house bears i® 40^.2 west of true south. The
flag pole on the South Side schoolhouse bears 6° 13^.2 west of true south.
Williams County, Williston,i8g6. — Observations were made over the center of an ash post. This
post was located in the northwest comer of the Williston public school grounds, in the north side of
the town and east side of the main street. It is distant 57 feet east of the plank fence on the west
side of the school grounds, 56.9 feet south of the plank fence on the north side of the school grounds,
and 148.2 feet northwest of the public school building. The point used as a mark or range bears
82° 43^. I east of true south.
356 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
OHIO.
•
Ashland County, Ashland, igoo. — Observations were made over a small marble block 3 feet 2 inches
long, 6 inches square on top, and lettered U. S. C. &. G. S. A cross in the center of this stone marks the
point. This marble block is located in the grounds of the county infirmary, about 5 miles south of
Ashland. It is placed in the pasture immediately west of the infirmary building and in the southwest
corner of it. It is distant 126 feet from the west fence and 71.5 feet from the south fence of this pasture
field. The mark or range used was the western edge of the west chimney on the house nearly south
of the station. This mark or range bears 7° 59^.1 east of true south. The south edge of the south
chimney on the infirmary bears 79® 04^.8 east of true north.
Ashtabula County ^ Jefferson, igoo. — Observations were made over a block of sandstone 3 feet
2 inches long, 6.2 by 6.6 inches on top, lettered U. S. C. & G. S. A cross in the center of this stone
marks the point. It is located in the southwest comer of the high-school grounds, 96 feet north of
the board walk at the south edge of the grounds and 46.5 feet from the edge of the road west of the
grounds. A similar block of sandstone was placed 403.8 feet true north of this stone, 45.5 feet from
the edge of the road west of the grounds, and 167.8 feet from the edge of the board walk at the north
side of the grounds. The mark or range used was the west edge of a chimney. This mark or range
bears 29° 48^.4 east of true south.
Athens County, Athens, /8gS,—A new meridian line 316 feet long was established in the grounds
of the Ohio University. It was marked by two sandstone posts with copper station marks. The south
stone is near the southwest corner of the grounds. A magnetic station was marked by a similar post
233.1 feet from the south stone, 183.3 feet from the south stone of a former meridian line, and 93.6 feet
from Mulberry street. The mark or range used was the flag pole on the insane asylum, and bears
54* 53^.3 west of true south.
Cuyahoga County ^ Cleveland, igoo. — Obser\'ations were made over the north meridian stone of the
meridian line in the marine-hospital grounds at a point 180.98 feet north of the astronomical station.
This meridian stone is composed of a block of sandstone 14 by 14 inches square, with a copper bolt
marking the center. It is 56.96 feet south and 237.94 feet west of the center of the dome of the marine
hospital. Observations were made over this same point in 1880, 1888, and in 1893. The mark or range
used was the south meridian stone in the marine-hospital grounds.
Fayette County, Washington, igoo. — Observations were made over the south meridian stone of the
county official meridian established by Mr. Wm. M. Davis in 1869. It is located in the grounds of
the county infirmary, about 2^ miles east of the court-house. This stone is 8 by 8 inches on top and
extends 14 inches above the surface of the ground. The north meridian mark is a large stone, also
located in the grounds of the county infirmary. The mark or range used was the north meridian stone
of the county meridian. This mark or range bears o® 01^.9 west of true north.
Franklin County, Columbus, igoo. — Observations were made over the station established in the
campus of the Ohio State University and marked with a stone post in 1 891. Its exact location is well
known to the university authorities. The mark or range used was the tip of a house east of south of
this stone post. This mark or range bears 25° 25^.2 east of true south.
Hamilton County, Cincinnati, i8gg. —Th^ station is at Mount Lookout, somewhat northeast of the
observatory, on land owned by Mr. J. Kilgore. It is in the field 247 feet from the east fence and
47 feet from the south fence.
Licking County, Newark, igoo. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a wooden stub
flush with the ground, located on the property of Mr. E. Everetts, owner of the glass works. This
property has been subdivided into lots. This stub is distant 62, 117.6, and 151. 6 feet, respectively,
from the northwest comer of Henry Rolf's property, from the northwest comer of his house, and from
the northeast comer of his property at the edge of Beech street. It is also distant 138. 7 and
164 feet from the western edge of Beech street and from the center of it, and is about 900 feet east
of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Erie division. The mark or range used was the spire of the
Second Presbyterian church. This mark or range bears ii° 16''. 9 west of true south.
Logan County, Belief ontaine , igoo. — Observations were made over a block of Georgia marble
3 feet long, 8^ by 8^ inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a cross which marks the
point. This block rests on another block of Georgia marble and extends 8 inches above the surface
of the ground. It is located on the crest of the small knob, said to be the highest point in the State
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 357
OHIO— Continued.
of Ohio, about i Ij miles east of the court-house. It is distant I22>^ feet from the larger of two trees
on this hill and 124 feet from the fence east of it. The county surveyor, Mr. \V. A. Grim, set another
stone marking the true meridian line on the crest of the opposite hill to the north and nearer the
road. The mark or range used was the flagstaff on the court-house. This mark or range bears
72° 25^.9 west of true south.
Marion County, Marion, y 900.— Observations were made over a block of sandstone 3 feet long,
6 inches square on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a cross in the center of it which marks
the point. This block is placed in the grounds of the county infirmary, about 2 miles east of the
court-house, in a small pasture immediately south of the infirmary. It is distant 53.8 feet from the
south fence and 59.8 feet from the east fence of this field. The mark or range used was the northwest
edge of a house about a mile to the southeast. This mark or range bears 50° 29^.6 east of true south.
The southwest edge of a bam to the southwest bears 21® 03^.2 west of true south. The southeast edge
of the southeast chimney on the infirmary bears i" 56^.9 east of true north.
Montgoinery County , Dayton, igoo. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stub
I by i>^ inches square, driven flush with the ground. It is located in the grounds of the Soldiers*
Home, about 3 miles northeast of the union depot. It is distant 322. i and 150 feet, respectively, from
the corners of an inclosure east of this peg. It is 62 feet from the center of West Virginia avenue
and south of it in line vdth the center of the road leading from West Virginia avenue to the " Dairy.'*
It is also 1 13.8 feet southwest of the southwest corner of the band practice shed. The mark or range
used was the tip of the Memorial Hall tower. This mark or range bears 91° 32''. 5 east of true
south.
Ross County, Chillicothe, /poo.— Observations were made over the north stone of the meridian line
established in the city park by a number of local surveyors. The south stone of this meridian line is
located in a clump of trees and can be easily found. The north stone extends i)i feet out of the
ground and is about i foot in diameter. It is about 100 feet west of the front of the waterworks and
is 38.6 feet from the post at the junction of the walk and the road to the west of it. The mark or
range used was the south meridian stone of this meridian line.
Scioto County, Portsmouth, /poo.— Observations were made over the south stone of the meridian
line established in 1885 by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. It is located in the south-
west corner of the grounds of the Children's Home. It can be easily found on account of its size.
The mark or range used was the north meridian stone, also located in the grounds of the Children's
Home.
Summit County, Akron, igoo, — Observations were made over a block of marble 3 feet i inch long,
set 31 inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a cross in the
center of it which marks the point. It was placed in the grounds of the county infirmary, about \%,
miles west of the town, on West Exchange street. It is located in the front lawn, 18 feet from the
private drive leading to the infirmary and 123 feet from the line of trees along the road leading by the
infirmary. The mark or range used was the east edge of the tree, at its base, just visible to the right
of a wooden lamp-post. This mark or range bears 24° 45-'. 2 west of true south. The north corner of
the main building bears 59° 20^.4 west of true north.
Trumbult County, Warren, /900.— Observations were made over the north stone of the meridian
line, located in the court-house grounds. The south stone of this meridian line is near the street-car
track and should not be used for magnetic observations. The mark or range used was the south
meridian stone of this meridian line.
Tuscarawas County, Tuscarawas, igoo. — Observations were made over a point in an open field
about I mile northeast of town, on the property of E. S. Russell, of Alliance, Ohio. This field
formerly belonged to Mr. J. Beickensderfer. It is on the bank of the Tuscarawas River near the
bridge and just south of the road leading to Tuscarawas. Mr. J. J. Affolter, who lives in the farmhouse
across the road, knows the exact location of this peg. It is distant 86.2 and 110.8 feet, respectively,
from the center of the road to Tuscarawas and from a fir tree in front of the farmhouse. It is also
distant 54.2 and 85.3 feet, respectively, from two chestnut trees on each side of the gate leading from
the road into this field. The mark or range used was the tip of the schoolhouse tower. This mark
or range bears 70° 42^.0 west of true south.
358 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
OHIO— Continued.
Washington County, Marietta, i8gS, — ^The station is located in the grounds of the Marietta College
observatory, about 75 feet northwest of the small equatorial. It is marked with a sandstone post with
copper station mark. Some 500 or 600 feet south of this stone a similar stone was set, marking the
true meridian. The mark or range used was the apex or gable of grain elevator, and bears 50° 50^ west
of true south.
OKLAHOMA.
Beaver County, Beaver, 1^00. — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 incnes on top and
3 feet long, set alwut 30 inches in the ground. The top of this stone is lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a
small hole in the center which marks the point. It is located on the top of a knoll about one-fourth of
a mile west of the court-house, a short distance south of the wagon road leading into Beaver from the
western section of the county. This stone post is southwest of the schoolhouse and about 150 yards
southwest of Mr. Tannyhill's house. It is distant 176 and 300 feet, respectively, from the north fence
and the northwest corner of the fence around Mr. Tannyhill's house and grounds. The mark or range
used was the cupola of the schoolhouse. This mark* or range bears 34° 38^.3 east of true south. The
bracket on the east edge of the cupola of the church Ijears 53° 48'. 6 east of true south.
Greer County, Mangum, igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 inches on top and
3 feet long, set 30 inches in the ground. The top of this post is lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with a small
hole in the center which marks the point. It is located about 300 or 400 yards southwest of the court-
house square. It is set on a bluff overlooking the river, on a small semicircular promontory at the
head of a large gulch. The mark or range used was the central tower of a distant windmill. This
mark or range bears 37° 11 '.2 west of true south. The spire of the Methodist church bears 18° 12^.7
east of true north. The belfry on stone schoolhouse bears 20° 50^.4 east of true north.
Noble County, Perry, igoi,—Tli^ station is near the southeast corner of the high-school grounds,
about 30 feet from the east side, 20 feet from the south side, and 140 feet from the high-school building.
It is marked by a stone, 5 by 10 inches on top, projecting about 5 inches above ground and lettered
U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. Another stone was set about 300 feet due north of the first, near the northeast
corner of the grounds to mark the true meridian. The steeple of the Colored Methodist church bears
6° 05'' west of true north.
Roger Mills County, Cheyenne, 1900. — Observations were made over a stone post, 6 by 6 inches
on top and 3 feet long, set about 33 inches in the ground. The top is lettered U. S. C. & G. S., with
a small hole in the center which marks the point. It is located in the court-house yard, approximately
in line with the eastern wall of the court-house building and south of it. This post is distant 92.5,
loi, and 93 feet, respectively, from the southeast and the southwest corners of the court-house building
and from the northwest comer of the county jail. The mark or rang^ used was a small flue on the
front of a distant house on hill. This mark or range bears 5° 33^.2 east of true south. The east gable
of the church bears 53° 09^.7 west of true south. The southwest comer of the court-house, about 4
feet above the ground, bears 23** 24^.3 west of true north.
Woodward County, Woodward, igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post, 6 by 6 inches on
top and 3 feet long, set 33 J^ inches in the ground. The top of this post is lettered U. S. C. & G. S.,
with a small hole in its center which marks the point. It is placed on the vacant space about iSo
feet north of the railway and northeast of the buildings used as a court-house and post-office. This
post is distant 195, 250,. and 157 feet, respectively, from an old dugout chimney, from the comer of a
wire fence, and from the corner of the inclosure around the house north of the station. The mark or
range used was the tip of cupola on the red barn nearly south of the station. This mark or range
bears 3° 16'. 3 west of true south. The spire of the Baptist church bears 11° 53^.9 west of true south.
Tip of the belfry on the schoolhouse bears 22° 35^.7 east of true south.
OREGON.
Benton County, Yaguina, 1888, — The station is on the bluff, above and north of the town, near
the white church with a bell tower on the west end. It is in the meridian of the brick astronomical
pier, 20.4 meters south of it.
Columbia County, Rainier, 1886. — The station is distant 67.8 feet 30® 21.^6 west of true south
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 359
OREGON— Continued.
from the geodetic station. It is marked by a cedar post about 10 inches in diameter and projecting
about 30 inches above the ground. The mark used was the azimuth mark over Riuearson triangula-
tion station and it bears 60° 26^.8 west of true north.
Coos County y Coos Bay, i88g. — Compass bearings were taken at the following triaugulation
stations, but the results are only approximate: Loggie, Ross, Fossil 2, North Spit, Pigeon 2, Coos
River Hill, White Point 2, Marshfield Hill, Crawford 2, Pierce Cemetery, Empire 2, Pest, Simpson,
North Bend 2, Pony, Hutchinson 2, North Slough, Mabry.
Douglas County y Tenmile Knoll, 1887. — The station is situated on a small knoll, on the north
side of Tenmile Creek, between the Umpquah and.Siuslaw rivers. It is about 600 yards east of the
ocean beach.
Lane County, Cannery Hill, 1887. — The station is located upon the summit of a chaparral
covered sand hill on the north side of the Siuslaw River, just inside the entrance.
Lincoln County, Yaquina Point Light, /88j. — The station is south of the barn belonging to the
light-house. It is marked by an oak tent pin driven over a bottle set underground. The east gable
of the keeper's house bears 42® 01'' west of true north and Cape Foulweather light-house bears 60° 04''
west of true north.
Multnomah County, Portland, igoo. — The station is on the hill near the northwest corner of City
Park, on the highest ground, within the loop which terminates the driveway. It is marked by a
sandstone post 6 inches square on top, the pyramidal top projecting above the surface. The mark or
range used was the flagstaff on the Marquham Hotel and bears 77° ii'' east of true south. The court-
house flagstaff bears 68° 31^ east of true south.
PENNSYLVANIA.
Adams County, Gettysburg, igoi. — Observations were made at the south stone of a meridian line
about 700 feet long, located on the county farm at the northeast edge of the town. The line is
marked by dark-grained marble posts 6 inches square and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. (or N. M.-).
The south stone is in the large field northwest of the barn. It is immediately north of the small
orchard and 25 feet from the wooden rail fence. The mark or range used was the tip of the tower on
the main college building. This mark or range bears 40° 40^.6 west of true south.
Allegheny County, Allegheny, /88j. — The station *is 171 feet 7 inches due north of the center of
the transit instrument at Allegheny Observatory.
Bedford County, Bedford, 1^2. — The meridian line established by the county surveyor in 1877
back of the court-house was tested and it was found that the south stone bore from the north stone
0° 03^.4 west of true south. As this station is not suitable for magnetic observations the magnetic
station was located on the grounds of the Arandale Hotel south of town. It is in the large field back
of the hotel, across the brook about 200 feet. It is about 150 feet east of the line joining the first two
apple trees and about 10 feet southeast of a stump projecting about 6 inches out of the ground. It is
152.0 feet, 173.6 feet and 181. 8 feet, respectively, from the nearest three apple trees. It is marked by
a marble stone 3 feet long and ^% inches square, set flush with the ground and lettered U. S. C. & G. S.
1902. The half -inch hole drilled in the center marks the point. The mark used was the spire of the
Methodist church (the one with a cross), bearing 17° 51.^12 west of true north.
Berks County, Reading, igoo. — Observations were made over a point located on the farm of
Mr. William Irwin, which is about 2 miles from Reading in a southerly direction, and is about i
mile east of the " Kicks House." This point is located in the field west of Mr. Irwin's house and
orchard. It is near the public road in the northwest corner of his field, and is distant 14.5 and 84.8 feet,
respectively, from its north and west fences. It is also distant 86.5 and 46 feet, respectively,
from the central trees of two clumps of cherry trees across the road from this station. The mark or
range used was the ridge of an old barn over the ridge vO the southward. This mark or range bears
9° 39^. t) west of true south.
Blair County, Altoona, igoo. — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stub driven almost
flush with the ground. It was located on land owned by Mr. Scott Gwines, a surveyor of Altoona.
It is about I ^ or 2 miles in a northerly direction from the Pennsylvania Railroad station on the
Juniata Gap road. This stub was located 304.6 feet in the rear of Mr. James Young's house, and is
360 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 190a.
PENNSYLVANIA— Continued.
distant 196.6 feet from the fence just south of the station. The mark or range used was the point of
the cupola of the Fairfield schoolhouse. This mark or range bears 26° 47^.2 east of true south. The
chimney of Mr. James Young's house bears 64® 22^.2 east of true south.
Cambria County^ Ebensburgy /90/.— Observations were made over a marble post located in the
southeast corner of the court-house yard. This post is 6>^ inches square on top, projects about 3
inches above ground, and is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. A church spire bears 26° 01^.3 east of true north.
The steeple on the third house south of the southwest comer of the court-house yard bears 47° 28^.9
west of true south.
Center County^ Bellefonte^ igoi. — Observations were made over a sandstone post located in a field
owned by Mr. T. A. Shoemaker, of Bellefonte, and known as "Half Moon Hill." This post is 7 by 8
inches at the top, projects about 4 inches above ground, and is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. It is about
one-quarter of a mile west of the Pennsylvania Railroad station, and is between the houses of George
Meese and Mrs. Rapp. It is 113.8 feet from the west comer of George Meese's yard and 113. 2 feet
from the south fence of the field next to the road. The tallest church spire visible bears 63® 13^.4 east
of true north. The church spire with the cross on it bears 36° 50^.9 east of true north.
Center County^ Ingleby^ 1^00. — Observations were made over a large rock, a comer of which
projects above the ground. This rock is marked by a crosis with a small hole marking the center. It
is located in a clump of trees about three-eighths of a mile north of the railway station and about
one-fourth of a mile east of the Barker stock farm. It is distant 65.5, 60.5, 73.5, and 59 feet, respectively,
from a small cherry tree, from a chestnut tree, from a J)ine tree, and from an oak bush. The mark or
range used was a pine tree on the mountain. This mark or range bears 7° 42^.3 west of true south.
Chester County^ West Chester, /po/.—The station is on the athletic grounds of the West Chester
Normal School. It is 57 paces west of the starting posts for the loo-yard dash, and 13.5 feet north of
the straight cinder track, and is marked by a block of marble 12 inches square, projecting several
inches above the ground. The Episcopal church tower bears 5® 09^.4 west of true north. The base of
the flag pole on the public schoolhouse bears 1° 16'. 2 east of true north.
Clearfield County^ Clearfield ^ igoi. — Observations were made over the south stone of the meridian
line established in 1895 by the county surveyor near the county home. This stone is about 50 feet
beyond the dnve leading from the road into the home. It is of brown sandstone 0.9 by 1.5 feet on top
and projects about a foot above ground. A similar stone about one-fourth mile distant marks the
north end of the line. The instrument was centered over the middle of the west edge of south stone.
The west edge of the north stone bears 0° 00^.7 east of true north. The west comer of the county home
bears 29® 18^.1 west of true south. The south comer of the same bears 44° 32^.2 west of trae south.
Clinton County ^ Lock Haven ^ igoi. — ^Observations were made over a white marble post 6^ inches
square, projecting 3X inches above ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. This post is on a piece of
public land along the river front, east of the wooden bridge. It is 16 feet from the river bank and 62
feet east of the canal. The southeast edge of a house with four pillars, across the river, bears 23° 00^.4
east of true north.
Cumberland County ^ Carlisle, igoi. — Observations were made at the south stone of the meridian
line located on the fair grounds north of the town. TJie line is about 700 feet long and is marked by
2 marble posts 6 inches square and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. (or N. M. ) The south stone is 85 feet
from the south post of the gate leading into the grounds at the southeast comer of the track, and also
164.6 feet from the southeast comer of the stand within the race track.
Dauphin County, Harrisburg, igoi. — Observations were made at the north stone of the meridian
line located on Hargests (or Forsters) Island. The line is marked by 2 marble posts scinches square
and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. (or S. M. ) The north stone is 77.5 feet from the south comer of the
stable and 77.7 feet from the north comer of the grand stand. The mark or range used was the east
edge of a tall brick chimney across the river. This mark or range bears 8® 15^.0 east of tme south. The
flagstaff on the opera house bears 54° 08^.4 east of true north.
Efie County, Erie, 1885, — The station is located in the grounds of the marine hospital, 138 feet
I inch east-southeast of the southeast comer of the hospital building.
Fayette County, Mason and Dixon line, 1897. — ^The observations were made at a point in the
field 273 feet north of the Michler monument, which marks the intersection of the Michler meridian
line with the Pennsylvania or Mason and Dixon line.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 36 1
PENNSYLVANIA— Continued.
FayetU County^ Uniantoumy igoi. — Observations were made at the south stone of the meridian
line located on the fair grounds, north of the town. This line was established by the county in 1851 . It
is about I 200 feet long and is marked by drill holes in two rough stone posts 4 by 7 inches and project-
ing 6 inches above ground. The north stone is 2>^ feet from the wooden fence opposite the north
end of the race track. The south stone is witliin the track and is 3 feet from the south end of the
track. The tip of the" court-house tower bears 8° 43^.3 east of true south.
Franklin County ^ Chafubersburg ^ igoo. — Observations were made over the center of a granite post
about midway between the north and south meridian stones of the meridian line which had been estab-
lished at the almshouse farm. It is 206. r feet north of the south meridian stone and about 130 feet east
of a large tree. Its position is well known. The almshouse is about i %, miles east of Chambersburg,
and is adjacent to a small village called StoufFerstown. The mark or range used was the western ridge
of a frame building, and it bears 8^ 12^.5 east of true south.
Franklin County ^ Fannettsburg, igoo. — Observations were made over a point located in the pasture
field of the Rev. Mr. Gordon, about 300 or 350 yards from the hotel. It is distant 133.4 and 44.3 feet,
respectively, from the northwest corner of this pasture field, and from its north fence line. It is
distant 79.2, 63.5, and 46.9 feet, respectively, from three cherry trees north of the station, and north of
the fence line. It is also distant 48.6 feet from an apple tree east of the station. The mark or range
used 'was the ridge of a bam. This mark or range bears 24^ 48^.4 east of true south.
Greene County ^ Waynesburg^ igoi. — Observations were made over the north stone of the meridian
line. This is a stone set in a larger stone about 2 feet square. It is about 300 feet north of the public
school and Waynesburg College. The south stone is in the sidewalk near the northwest comer of the
court-house This line was established by the county in the year 1850. This station was reoccupied
in July, 1902, for the purpose of testing the meridian line established by the county surveyor in 1850.
It was found that the south stone instead 0/ bearing due south from the north stone bears o^ 3^,8 west
of true south,
Huntingdon County ^ Huntingdon ^ igoo, — Observations were made over a tack in a stub located on
the farm of Mr. J. Murran Africa, C. E., situated on the Lower Rock Creek road, east of Hunting-
don. Mr. Africa established a meridian line on his farm in 1880 and marked it with meridian stones
about 2 by 5 inches on top. The center is marked with a cross in a lead bolt. On account of the
nature of the ground these stones could not be occupied. The stub is distant 21.46 feet south of the
north meridian stone and 244.5 ^^^^ north of the south meridian stone. It is also distant 21.6 feet
from a fence near the north stone and 81.3 feet from a fir tree southeast of the station. The mark or
range used was the cupola of the court-house tower. This mark or range bears 48® 47^.2 west of true
south.
Indiana County ^ Indiana^ /po/.— Observations were made over the south stone of the meridian
line established in 1899 by the United States Geological Survey on the campus of the Indiana State*
Normal School This stone is in front of the south front of the main building and about 75 feet
nearly south of the fowitain. The stones are 6 inches square on top and have copper disks sunk into
them. They project several inches above ground. The mark or range used was the spire of the United
Presbyterian church. This mark or range bears 41° 52^.7 east of true north.
Lancaster County ^ Lancaster^ igoi. — Observations were made at a point 32^^ feet east and 2 feet
north of the south stone of a meridian line on the grounds of the Children's Home in the southeast
quarter of the city. This line is about 400 feet long and is marked by two limestone posts 8 inches
square, projecting 3 inches above ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. (or S. M.). The centers
of the drill holes in the stones designate the meridian line.
Lebanon County ^ Lebanon ^ igoi. — Observations were made at the south stone of a meridian line
500 feet long located in the first field west of the county almshouse. The line is marked by marble
posts 6X inches square, projecting 4 inches above ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. (or S. M. ).
The south stone is on the south side of the creek and 9 feet from the fence along the road. The north
stone is on the other side of the creek and 10 feet from the fence. I'he mark or range used was the
church spire, which bears 1° 1 7-^.8 west of true north.
Lycoming County ^ IVilliamsport, /po/. —Observations were made over the south stone of the
meridian line established in Brandon Park by the United States Geological Survey. The line is
about 500 feet long and is marked by stone posts 0.40 by 0.65 foot cross section. These posts project
362 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
PENNSYLVANIA—ConUnued.
about 4 inches above ground and have copper disks inserted in their tops with cross marks cut in the
copper to mark the exact points. The south stone is about 100 feet east, slightly north, of a large
granite drinking fountain.
Mifflin County^ Lewislown^ igoo. — Observations were made over the south stone of the county
meridian line established on the almshouse farm, about three-fourths of a mile northeast of town.
These stones are five inches square, and they can be easily found. One is near d private road and the
other is near a public road. The mark or range used was the tip of the court-house dome. This
mark or range bears 72° 24^.6 west of true south.
Montgomery County ^ HatborOy igoo, — Obseri-ations were made over a copper tack in a small stake
located on the farm of Mr. Harry Woodfall, about a mile east of the town. This stake is driven in
the ground about the center of a pasture field south of Mr. Woodfairs house. It is distant 89.5, 186.8,
216.2, and 230.1 feet, respectively, from the west, from the south, from the east fencs of this pasture
field, and from its northwest comer next to the road. It is also distant 30X.2 feet from a cherry tree
near the southwest corner of Mr. Woodfall's house. The mark or range used was the lightning rod
on the cupola of Mr. John Lloyd's bam. This mark or range bears 21** 54^.8 west of true south.
Perry County^ Andersonburg , igoo. — Observations were made over a point Ideated in the pasture
field of the Loys, about 800 feet east of the post-office. This pasture is second field from Judge
Garber's property and across the road from the Loys' bam. The point is distant 161 and 119 feet,
respectively, from the northwest comer of the Loys' bam, southeast of the station, and from a large
apple tree north of the station. It is also distant 109, 28, and 109.7 feet, respectively, from the fences
south and west of the station and the southwest comer of this pasture field, next to the road. The
mark or range used was the eastern ridge of Mr. McKee's bam. This mark or range bears 88^ 39^-4
west of true south.
Perry County ^ Newport^ jgoo. — Observations were made over a point located on the property of
Mr. Gibson Fickes, about tliree-eighths of a mile north of the town, about 350 feet east of the Penn-
sylvania Railway, and northwest of the ball grounds. This point is in line with the Fickes''s farm-
house and the chimney of a brick factory. It is also in line with Mr. Fickes' s barn and the residence
of Mr. Myers. It is distant 252.8, 291.2, and 134 feet, respectively, from the southeast comer of the
foundation of the large bam northwest of the station, from the southeast comer of a farmhouse south-
west of the station, and from the center of North Fourth street, east of the station. It is also distant
27.5, 1 13.3, and 108.5 feet, respectively, from the fences north, south, and east of the station. It
is distant 78.4 and 64.8 feet, respectively, from two large cherry trees northeast of the. station. The
mark or range used was the spire of the Presbyterian church. This mark or range bears 44° 35^.6
east of true south.
Philadelphia County, Philadelphia, iSg^, — Observations were made over a dressed-marble post
4 inches by 4 inches by 30 inches, with intersecting grooves, sunk flush with surface of the ground.
This post is located in the grounds of the Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane, near Forty-first and
West Market streets, distant 50 yards from the center of the Doric Summer House. The mark or
range used was the spire of the Reformed Episcopal church and bears 14® 55^.3 east of true south.
Rod on the chimney of the *' Fisher Ward North " bears 79° 47^.0 west of true north.
Philadelphia County, Philadelphia, Girard College, i8go. —The station is marked by a dressed-
marble post 18 inches long and 4 by 4 inches on top and lettered U. S. C. S. It is sunk flush with
surface of the groimd, and is distant 109 feet from the outer edge of the curbstone of the paved road
running through the college grounds, just south of the mechanical school building. It is also distant
295 feet from the inner edge of the western stone wall around these grounds. No longer suitable for
magnetic observations.
Schuylkill County, Pottsville, /goo. — Observations were made over a point located on the farm of
Mrs. Gemiy, about one-half a mile northwest of the court-house. This point is on the south slope of
a hill southwest of Mrs. Germy's house, distant 51.4 feet from a lone tree which is in line between
this point and the court-house tower. The mark or range used was the cross on St. John's church,
which is seen over Mrs. Germy's house. This mark or range bears 27° 28^.1 east of true south.
Snyder County, Middleburg, igoi. — Observations were made over a wooden stub driven all but 2
inches into the ground. This stub is located in a small orchard back of the house and stable of
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 363
PENNSYLVANIA— Continued.
Mr. J. F. Stetler. It is 43.3 feet from the corner of the stable, 17.2 feet from the line of the stable
produced on the west side, and 28 feet from a small apple tree (the one closest to the stable). The
center of the ball on the church tower bears 32® 53^.3 west of true north.
Somerset County y Somerset ^ igoi. — Observations were made over the wooden post midway
between the ends of the meridian line established in the court-house yard. The ends are marked by
cast-iron bars about 4 feet long, firmly set in stones. This line was established by the county
surveyor in 1875.
Union County ^ Leivisburg, 1^00. — Observations were made over a point located in the college
campus, about 300 feet south of the college building, on the right-hand side of the road leading to the
main building, and near the fork in the roads. It is in line with a row of shade trees and is distant
31.2 and 65 feet, respectively, from the first tree east and from the first west of the station. The mark
or range used was the central lightning rod on Mr. Frank Miller's barn. This mark or range bears
48° C4''.2 west of true south.
Washington County ^ Washington ^ /$k?/.— Observations were made over the south stone of the
meridian line located on the front campus of Washington and Jefferson College. This stone is near
the southwest comer of the campus, and the north stone is about 500 feet distant. The line was
established by the United States Geological Survey in 1900.
Westmoreland County ^ Greensburg^ igoi. — Observations were made at the south stone of the
meridian line located in the field back of the east wing of the county home. This line is marked by
two marble posts 6 inches square and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. (or N. M.) . The south stone is
about 90 feet from the hedge fence and about 200 feet from the wooden fence along the road at the
back of the home. The north stone is about 350 feet distant from the south stone. The mark or
range used was the right edge of a school building about a mile distant. This mark or range bears
69** 03''. 3 east of true north.
York County y York^ igoi, — Observations were made at the south stone of a meridian line 700 feet
long, located in a field owned by Mr. Small. The line is marked by two granite posts 6 inches square
and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. (or N. M.). The south stone is south, a little east, of the only
tree in the interior of the field, 19 feet from the tree, 510 feet from the wooden fence along the road,
and 452 feet from the creek bank. The mark or range used was the flagstaff on the foundry across
the top of an iron bridge. This mark or range bears 12° 29^.3 west of true south.
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
Dutnagueie^ NegroSy /^/.—Magnetic observations were made at a point on the beach 30 meters
north of the astronomical station on the line to the azimuth mark which bears 0° 00^.5 east of true
north.
Maasin, Leyte^ igoi, — Megnetic observations were made at a point 20.6 meters south of the astro-
nomical station on the line passing through it from the azimuth mark which bears 0° 01 '^.3 east of
true north. It is marked by a small bamboo stake.
OrmoCy LeytCy igoi. — Magnetic observations were made at a point 82.31 meters due north of the
astronomical station which is on the north side of the public square. It is marked by a wooden peg.
Taclobany Leytey /po/.— Megnetic observations were made at a point on the beach 23.9 meters
north of the astronomical station on the line to the azimuth mark on Samar Island which bears
o® 01^.5 west of true north. It is marked by a wooden stake.
BatangaSy Luzoiiy igoi. — Magnetic observations were made at the astronomical station, which is
about 4 meters south of the road leading from Batangas to the beach, about half a mile west of Batan-
gas Plaza and three-fifths of a mile east of the beach. It is just inside the low dikes of a rice field,
and is marked by a stone 8>^ by 12 inches on top and projecting 8 inches above ground, with a drill
hole and- the letters U. S. cut on its top surface. The stone is surrounded by three posts. The cross
on the dome of the Batangas church bears 76° 06'', 6 east of south.
BalayaUy Luzoriy /go/.— The station is in Calle de la Fe, 211.43 meters from the astronomical sta-
tion, and is marked by a cross cut on a bowlder, flush with the surface of the street and about midway
between the center and north side of the street. The mark or range used was the center of the church
364 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS— Continued.
dome, and bears 56** 12^.7 west of true south. The astronomical station is in the north end of the
Plaza Rizal, 84.3, 16.0, and 40.1 meters, respectively, from the southeast comer of the chiu-chyard
wall, the southeast corner of the stone guardhouse, and the southwest corner of military headquarters.
It is marked by a granite stone 12 by 4 inches on top, projecting 12 inches above ground, having a
drill hole on top and lettered U. S. on its south face.
Subig, Luzon, igoi. — Magnetic observations were made at two points near the astronomical station
in Subig, one 20 feet due south and the other 15 feet distant in line to Point, a little south of west.
The astronomical station is in a g^rove of cocoanut palms at the south end of the principal north and
south street of the town, about the center of the street and 50 feet from mean high-water mark. It is
marked by a stone 6 by 8 by 21 inches, projecting about 3 inches above ground and having a drill
hole in its center. It is ii.8 meters from the southwest comer of the house on the east side of the
street and 12 meters from the southeast comer of the house on the west side of the street.
Iba^ Luzon ^ igoi. — Magnetic obser\'ations were made at a point 60 feet due north of the astro-
nomical station. The astronomical station is about i mile due west of the town of Iba, on a broad,
smooth plateau which is about 8 feet above mean high water. It is on a point, about 100 meters from
high-water mark and north of the quartermaster's freight .house, being 73 meters from the center of
tlie north end of it. It is marked by a granite stone 20 by 20 by 3 inches, set on edge, with the broad
faces north and south, and projecting about 5 inches above ground. There is a drill hole on top, and
the letters U. S. are cut on the south face.
Santa Cruz, Luzon, igoi. — Magnetic observations were made at a point 40 feet due south of the
astronomical station. This astronomical station is at the west end of the town plaza, about 50 meters
from high-water mark of the bay. It is 89.8 meters, 68.2 meters, and 44.1 meters, respectively, from
the northeast and northwest corners of the convent (barracks) and the northwest comer of the
adjoining courtyard. It is marked by an irregular-shaped sandstone about 18 by 14 inches, projecting
6 inches above ground, having a drill hole on top and lettered U. S. on the north face.
SuaJy Luzon /90/.— Magnetic observations were made at the astronomical station on the shore
north of the military hospital. It is about 100 feet from the hospital and 30 feet from high-water
mark, and is marked by a pier of granite 1.6 by 2.1 feet, standing 2.4 feet above ground, having a
drill hole and the letters U. S. cut in its upper surface.
San Fernando de Union, Luzon, igoi, — Magnetic observations were made at a point on the beach
70 meters due north of the astronomical station. This astronomical station is at the north side of the
foot of Main street, 26.7 meters west of the Port's large flagstaff. It is marked by a stone 6 by 8 by 18
inches projecting about 4 inches above ground, with a drill hole in its top. A line from the southwest
corner of the United States commissary warehouse to the flag pole would pass about 2 meters north of
the astronomical station.
Candon, Luzon, /goi. — Magnetic observations were made at a point 50 meters due south of the
astronomical station, which is just outside of Candon on the south side of the road to beach, near a
double-arched brick culvert. This astronomical station is 18.6 meters from the center of the middle
support of the culvert and 27.6 meters from the pier at the eastern end of the brick wall on the south
side of the road. It is marked by a stone 3>^ by 5 inches on top, projecting about 4 inches above
ground and having a three-fourths inch drill hole on top. Due south 700 meters a similar stone was
set for an azimuth mark. It is 15.5 meters south of the south edge of a ditch between two rice fields,
and 160 meters west of a culvert in the main road leading from Candon to the south.
Vigan, Luzo7i, jgoi, — Magnetic observations were made at the astronomical station situated in
the inclosure of the race track, about one-half mile west of south of the center of the town, and about
one-third mile due south of the chapel in the town cemetery, the true north line from the station
cutting the tower of the chapel near its center. The station is marked by a stone 13 by 3^ inches on
top, projecting about 5 inches above ground, having a drill hole on top and lettered U. S. C. G. S. on
its north face. It is southwest of two prominent masonry piers, 182 feet from one and 274.6 feet from
the other. About 5 feet south of the south wall of the Vigan cemetery a stone was set to mark the
tme meridian. This stone is 12 by 3 inches, with a drill hole in its top surface, and projects about 5
inches above ground.
Currimao, Luzon, igoi. — Observations were made at two points near the astronomical station.
This station is near the eastern end of a building the lower story of which is of stone, the first one west
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 365
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS— Continued.
of the warehouse of the General Tobacco Company. It is 9.96, 8.35, and 51.19 meters, respectively,
from the northeast and southeast corners of the former and southwest comer of the latter. The
astronomical station is marked by a stone about 6 by 18 by 30 inches, projecting about 6 inches above
ground and having a drill hole in its center. The first magnetic station was 7 meters from this stone
and in line with it and the west side of a small building on the lower point of Currimao Harbor. The
mark or range used was a point on the old Spanish blockhouse and bears 25° 37''. 2 east of true south.
The second magnetic station was 20 meters from the stone and in line with " Rocky Bluff." The
mark or range used was " Rocky Bluff" and bears 16° 27''.4 west of true south.
Aparri, Luzon ^ igoi. — Observations were made in the open street, about 200 meters south of a
stone set in the northeast comer of the main plaza or parade ground. This stone is about 5 by 10 by 20
inches, planted with 3 or 4 inches projecting above ground. In the top of the stone a hole is drilled
i}i inches deep.
PORTO RICO.
Punta Viento No. ^, /90/. — The station is located on a shingle beach at Punta Viento about 60
feet from the high-water mark on line between Punta P^igura light-house and Punta Viento No. 2
triangulation station. The latter is located at the southeast comer of Punta Viento, about 50 meters
from the southwest comer of the bay at the high-water mark, and is marked by a heavy braced pitch-
pine pole over a 2-inch iron pipe filled with cement and pebbles and set in cement even with the
surface of the shingle. The mark or range used was Punta Figura light-house and bears 79® 14''. 7
west of tme south.
Corazon, /(^/.—The station is north from the road between Arroyo and Guayama, at the lane
leading to the house of Carlos McCormick, on a grass-covered foothill of Cerro de San Bernaldo.
About one-fourth mile of the road in front of the Arroyo cemetery, if continued, would pass 500 or 600
feet east of the station. It is marked by a braced pole over an iron pipe set in cement in«a hole in the
ground. The mark or range used was Punta Figura light-house and bears 33® 30^ east of true south.
Poncfy /90/.— The station is located on a high hill about i mile north of the Plaza of Ponce. It
is in a pasture on the highest part of the eastern end of the hill almost in line with the street running
north and south on the west side of the Plaza Principal. The exact point is marked by a coast survey
brass station mark set in a grouting of cement and stone, its top even with the surface of the ground.
The mark or range used was Cardona light-house and bears 13® 19^.0 west of true south.
Santa Helena^ igoi. — The station is located on Santa Helena Mountain, on the line between Punta
Tuna light-house and Santa Helena triangulation station. The latter is located on the highest summit
between the Maunabo and Yabucoa road through the Pandura Pass and the coast. It is on a clear and
and grassy hilltop, southwest of a bowlder about 3 feet high and 6 feet long, and 38.18 and 33.55 feet
measured on slope, respectively, from a blazed wild-orange tree and nearest corner of a barbed-wire
fence. The triangulation station is marked by a 2-inch iron pipe, 15 inches long, set in cement almost
even with the surface of the ground, under a 20-foot braced pole. The mark or range used was Punta
Tuna light-house and bears 21® 25^ west of true south.
Aiboniiay igoi, — ^The station is located on a prominent hill about i mile south of the town of
Aibonita, which is on the military road between Ponce and San Juan. It is about 61 feet northwest
from the Aibonita triangulation station and about 108 feet northwest of an old house. The exact
point is marked by a small cross cut on a hemispherical bowlder about 3 feet in diameter. The
mark or range used was the flagstaff on a schoolhouse and bears 52° 29^.6 west of true south.
Muertos light-house bears 46° 38'.© west of true south.
Vieques Island, Isabella Segunda, jgoi. — ^The station is on the hill just south of the village of
Isabella Segunda, 26.4 feet east of the most southerly and 49.2 feet south of the most easterly of a clump
of trees. It is marked by a brass station mark, secured with cement in the top of a 4-inch tile drain
pipe, which was set in cement with its tbp even with the ground. The mark or range used was the
signal at Middle triangulation station, on the highest part of the grassy ridge to the southward, and
bears 7° 01 ''.o east of true south.
Linta^ igoi. — ^This station is the triangulation station on Lima point, southwest of Bahia Honda.
It is on a rounded promontory mostly covered with trees, in a little grassy glade a little east of the
highest point of the hill, and in line with the top of the bluff at Point Algodou and the point of South
366 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
PORTO RICO— Continued.
Cabras Island. It is marked by an iron bolt with a square head, set in a mass of rocks and concrete
under a tripod signal. The mark or range used was Batata triang^lation station, and bears 48^ 25^.5
west of true south.
Mesa^ /90/.— The station is located on the long hill east of Mayaguez, on the road to Rosario. It
is across the road from the west end of a grove on the small coffee plantation of Manuel Ramon, about
6 meters south of the road, 9 meters northwest from a mango tree about 18 inches in diameter, and
12.9 meters from a mamey tree in Ramon's fence, this tree being 16 meters from the southwest comer
of the plantation. The exact point is marked by a 2-inch iron pipe, 22 inches long, set in cement in
the ground, and projecting about 4 inches. Buena Vista triang^ulation station bears 8° 33''. 4 west of
true south.
Culebra Island y CulebrUy igoi. — The station is located on Grand Harbor, at the eastern edge of
the only village on Culebra Island. It is about 150 feet north of east from the boat landing, and is
marked by a 3-inch tile drain pipe, 12 inches long, set in cement, with its upper end even with the
surface of the ground, and one of the coast survey brass station marks secured by cement in the upper
end. The mark or range used was a tripod signal on the reef west of the main entrance to the harbor
and bears 16° 14^.9 east of true south. The cupola of the church bears ?6** 00^.0 west of true north.
Atalaya^ i^i. — The station is located on the highest mountain peak back of Tres Hermanos
station, on the Mayaguez and Aguadilla railroad, and ea.st of Corsica. It is about the center of the
highest part of a treeless peak owned by Miguel Carrero, whose house is about 75 feet vertically below
it to the east. The exact point is marked by a 2-inch iron pipe set in cement and projecting ^% inches
above the ground. The mark or range used was the red chimney of the sugar mill of Domingo
Raffucci, in Corsica, and bears 85° 26^.2 west of true north.
La Punta, igoi. — The station is on the ridge which extends inland from Punta Jiguero light-
house. It is near the summit, 26.83 ^^^ 39-39 ^^^t, respectively, from the southeast and southwest
corners of the house of Eusebio Sanchez and 7 feet north from the trail between the light-house and
Aguada. The exact point is marked by a 2-inch iron pipe, 18 inches long, filled with cement and set
in cement in a hole in the ground. The mark or range used was Rincon triangulation station and
bears 88® 46^.3 west of south.
Cruz, igo2. — ^The station is about 4 miles west of Cape San Juan light-house on the prolongation
of the line, from the light-house to Cruz triangulation station, about 40 feet from the latter. The
triangulation station is on a prominent rocky mound on the coast at Loquillo and is marked by a 2-inch
iron pipe set in cement and projecting above the ground in a mound of cement. The mark or range
used was the light-house and bears 85° 33^.9 east of true north.
Loiza^ igo2. — The station is on the coast about one-fourth mile north of Loiza. It is on the sand
beach near the mouth of Loiza River and is marked by a temporary topographic signal. The mark or
range used was the north gable of the house of Judge Cepeda and bears 18° 07^.9 west of true south.
Aguadilla y igoi. — The station is located on the beach at Aguadilla. It is marked by a stub set in
the sand about the high-water mark. The mark or range used was Aguadilla triangulation station and
bears 32° 58''. 5 east of true north.
Baja^ igoi. — The station is on the highest hill near Vega Baja, called "Cueva de las Golondrinas.**
It is the highest point, 20 feet from the west edge of a declivity and about one-third mile southwest
from the plaza. The exact point is marked by a 2-inch galvanized iron pipe set in cement in a hole
drilled in the rock. The mark or range used was the tall chimney at the Becenti sugar plantation and
bears 50° 22^.2 east of true north.
Cluby igo2. — The station is about 2>^2 miles east of San Juan on the line between a flagon the north
cupola of San Mateo Chu ch and " Club '* triangulation station, 45 feet from the latter. The triangula-
tion station is about 300 yards west of the "clubhouse*' and is marked by a 2-inch iron pipe, 2 feet long,
set in cement and projecting about 6 inches above the ground. The mark or range used was the flag
and bears 19° 14''. o east of true south.
North Base, near San Juan, /go/.— The station is North Base triangulation station and is located
on the opposite side of the bay from San Juan and southwest of Morro Castle. It is about 60 feet from
the shore line. The exact point is marked by the top of a glass bottle, set in a cement pier about 14
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS, 367
PORTO RICO— Continued.
inches in diameter at the top, which is even with the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was
South Base triangulation station, distant i 094 meters, and bears 6° 56^.8 west of true south. The center
of the top of the brick smokestack of a sugar refinery bears 43® 59^.8 west of true south.
FraiUy igoi, — ^The station is about three-fourths mile west of Rio Platte, on Savaha Hill, on the
coast. It is on a rocky point, the highest but one of a group and the second from the west. It is about
600 feet northeast from a cabin. The exact point is marked by a 2-inch galvanized-iron pipe set in
cement in a hole drilled in the rock and projecting 5 inches above the ground.
Amador^ igoi. — ^The station is on the coast, about one-half mile northwest of Camuy. It is on a
high sandhill called "Cerra la Playa," about 75 meters south of the ocean shore and 650 meters from
the main north and south street through Camuy, and is marked by a 2-inch iron pipe set in cement.
Point Caracoles, igo/. — The station is located on the coast, about 1% miles east of the Arecibo
light-house. It is on a rocky point, and marked by a stub about 18 inches long and signal pole and
flag. The mark or range used was Arecibo light-house, and bears 73 '^ 30^.6 west of true south.
RHODE ISLAND.
Newport County y Coasters Harbor Island, Newport, 1896. — Station is at a point about midway
between the Naval War College building and the reservoir. Station is mark^ by a pine stub, about
in line with the northwest corners of the reservoir and War College.
Providence County, Providence, /8gj. — Station is in the center of the athletic grounds of Brown
University.
Washington County, Boston Neck, /8gg, — Station is on the farm of T. G. Hazard, about 2 miles
northeast of Narragansett Pier. It is near the center of the large field east of the farm buildings. It
is about 200 feet from the west wall, in line between a point 2 feet south of the barnyard gateway and
Beavertail light-house. It is 9 inches east of a drill hole in a rock in the same line. The mark or
range used was the Beavertail light-house, and bears 87° 52^.4 east of true south. Whale Rock light-
house bears 63° 31^.3 east of true south.
Washington County, McSparran Hill, /(Jpp.— Station is 20.8 feet to the northeast of the tri-
angulation station McSparran 3, which is marked by a drill hole in the outcropping ledge. The angle
at magnetic station between McSparran 3 and Beavertail Light-House is 22® 25^. From the magnetic
station Narrangansett Baptist church spire bears 80° 16^.2 east of true south. Beavertail light-house
bears 42° 13^.8 east of true south.
SOUTH CAROLINA.
Barnwell County, Aiken, 1885. — The station is located in the open lot southeast of the court-
house. The point is almost due south of the German Transit of Venus station of 1882. The mag-
netic station is marked by a granite post sunk flush with the surface of the ground. Another Stone
set due north in the center of Railroad avenue marks the true meridian. The stone is distant 28
yards from the southeast corner of the court-house.
Beaufort County, Woods, igoz. — ^The station is in the strip of woods about a mile south of the
Baldwin phosphate works, on the west bank of Beaufort River. It is about 200 meters from the ^ver
bank, in line between Baldwin tall chimney and Paris Island rear beacon, about 50 meters north of
the first small house on the south side of the woods. It is just east of the first bend in the old road
which enters the woods near this house. The mark or range used was the Paris Island rear beacon,
which bears 0° 01 '.6 west of true south.
Charleston County, Bay Point, igo2, — ^The station is on the east bank of the South Edisto River,
about 100 meters south of the first large creek that empties into the river above its mouth and about a
mile from the extremity of Bay Point. It is on the grass just back of the first sand ridge.
Charleston County, Live Oak, igo2. — The station is on the southeast point of a rounded hummock,
thickly wooded and surrounded by marsh, about 200 meters east of the woods on the mainland of
Christ Church parish. The mark or range used was Cape Romain light-house, which bears 73^ 39^.1
east of true south.
368 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
SOUTH CAROLINA— Continued
Charleston Caunly, Charleston, /90-?. — The station is about 60 yards northeast of the Truesdale
house on Sullivan's Island.
Florence County, Florence, /8^i. — The station is in the northwest corner of the grounds of the
national cemetery. It is marked by a pine post 2 feet long, sunk 2 feet in the ground. This post is
15 feet south of the brick wall at north side of cemetery and 25.3 feet east of the west brick wall.
Marion County, Marion, iSgr. — The station is in the northwest suburbs of the town, in the open
lot just in front of the livery stable of the Planters' Hotel, and just south of and adjoining the property
of Mr. W. H. Cross. The station is marked by a yellow-pine post which is 45.1 feet from the southern
fence of the Cross property, and also 104 feet east of the southwest comer of this same property.
Richland County, Columbia, igoo. — ^The station is in the southwest comer of the capitol grounds,
40 feet from Senate street and about 225 feet from the southwest corner of the statehouse.
Spartanburg County, Baker, i8g6, — The station is on the land of Mr. Baker, about a mile south
of Pelham. It is about 100 meters east of the old Indian boundary line, on the top of a small knoll
east of the road and about 150 meters southeast of Sam Hitching's old store.
Spartanburg County, Block House, i8g6, — The station is 100 feet northeast of the road leading
from Landrum, S. C, to Tyron, N. C, and about 700 feet northeast of the Spartanburg and Asheville
Railroad. It is on the North Carolina and South Carolina boundary line, and is marked by a large
stone marked N. C. on tiie north side and S. C. on the south side. This stone also marks the boundary
between the counties of Spartanburg and GreenWlle.
Spartanburg County, Flint Rock, i8g6. — The station is on the crest of the ridge'immediately south
of the Gap Creek road. It is about 50 yards to the eastward of a small blacksmith shop belonging to
Mr. " Bill " Farmer, whose house is west of the shop. This small shop is directly on the line marked
as the county boundary in 1896 by the Greenville surveyor. The locality called "Gap Creek Stone"
or ** Old Flint Rock" is on the north side of the road.
Spartanburg County, Gold Mine, /8g6. — The station is between Gowensville and Greers, and
nearly on the line between Spartanburg and Greenville counties. South Carolina, being 8 meters west
of a stake left by the Greenville surveyor in March, 1896. This land belongs to the McBee family,
whose agent, Mr. Steele, lives in the house a little east of station. The gold mine from which the
name is derived is a short distance south of the station.
Spartanburg County, Gowensville, i8g6. — The station is on the south side of the road leading from
the village of Gowensville, S. C, to Campbell and Spartanburg, and is about 750 meters east of
Gowensville. It is marked by a square stone post placed there to mark the county boundary, and it
is 36 meters west of the so-called " old boundary," at the forks of the road, where there is an old stone.
Spartanburg Couuty, Green, i8g6. — The station is about 2 miles south of Pelham bridge and near
the old Indian boundary line, being a little west of that line and a little east of the road, and on land
belonging to Luce Green.
Spartanburg County, Greers, i8g6. — ^The station is in the eastern part of Greers, S. C, and just
on the Spartanbiirg side of the "old county line," which is here marked by a lane, said to have been
laid out equally on each side of the boundary. The line marked by the Greenville purveyor in 1896
lies a little farther west. The station is in the yard of Mr. Wyatt, who keeps an inn here. It is west
of the house and between it and the lane, near the fence.
Spartanburg County, Pelham, i8g6. — ^The station is on the west side of the road leading from
Greers to Pelham, and is on the outskirts of the latter village. It is about a quarter of a mile north
of Pelham bridge, on the summit of the ridge overlooking the factory and surroundings. The station
is marked by a square stone post, placed there by the Greenville surveyor to mark the boundary line.
Spartanburg County, Spartanburg, i8g6. — The station is on the campus of the Wofford College,
in front of the main building. It is 67.25 meters nearly south from the Coast and Geodetic Survey
primary triangulation station "Wofford," on the roof of the college building. The magnetic station
is marked by a stone post about 6 inches square, with its upper surface just above the ground. On
this surface are cut the letters U. S. C. S., also M. S.
Spartanburg County, Talent, i8g6. — The station is on the farm of Mr. B. S. Talent, about i mile
north of Earle's mill, on the road from Gowensville to Landrum, S. C. It is west of the road and just
south of a clump of woods opposite M^. Talent's house, and on the county line as marked at the time.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 369
SOUTH DAKOTA.
Beadle CountVy Huron^ igoo. — ^The station is the south stone of the meridian line in the court-
house grounds, near the south fence.
Brown County^ Aberdeen y i8g6. — Observations were made over the center of a pine stub located
in the Brown County court-house grounds. It is distant 195.2 feet northeast of the northeast comer
of the court-house building, 198. i feet east of the east side of North Main street, 47.1 feet south of
the east and west plank walk. The court-house building is a wooden structure, and is on the east
side of North Main street, three blocks north of the C, M. & St. P. passenger station. The point
used as a mark or range bears 73° 32^.9 east of true north.
Codington County, Watertoivn, 1^00. — The station is in the southeast comer of the court-house
yard, 5 feet from the south wooden fence and 6>^ feet from the east wooden fence. It is marked
by a post of pipe stone of cross section ^% by 33^ inches, lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S. The mark
or range used was the southeast corner of the Goss Opera House, and bears 30° i6'.8 east of true
north.
Davison County^ Mitchell, i8g6. — Observations were made over the center of a pine post located
in the grounds of the Dakota Methodist University. It is distant 206 feet west of the west side of the
university building, and 12 feet north of the edge of the road which runs in front of the university
building. The Dakota University is on a high ridge about one-half mile south of the Mitchell High
School , on the south side of the town about one-half mile south of the C. , M. & St. Paul passenger station.
The central point of the Mitchell High School was used as a mark or range. This mark or range
bears 6° 02^^.2 east of true south. The central point of the court-house bears 11° 05^.8 west of true
south.
Hughes County, Pierre, i8g6. — Observations were made over a point in the northwest comer of
the Hughes County court-house yard at Pierre. It is distant 100.7 feet north of the northwest comer
of the court-house building, 23.4 feet from the wooden fence on the northwest side of the yard, and
166 feet north of the permanent bench mark No. — of the Missouri River Commission. The court-
house is on the hills overlooking the main portion of the city.
Minnehaha County, Sioux Falls, /poo.— The station is the astronomical pier on the grounds of
the post-office building. The mark or range used was the northeast comer of the opera house and
bears 24® 10^.8 west of true north.
Jitter County, Gettysburg, igoo, — ^The station is in the court-house yard, 4 feet south of the south
side of the court-house extended and 108.5 ^^^^ ^^^^ of the east side of the court-house extended. It
is marked by a stub.
Spink County, Redfield, igoo. — The station is in the court-house yard just east of the building.
It is about 82 feet east of the court-house and about 150 feet south of the front fence. ^ The exact spot
is over a small drill hole in a bowlder which crops out of the ground at this ppint. The mark or range
used was the southeast comer of the first story of the Kemer House, just visible to the right of the
church across the road and bears 6° 54^.5 east of true north.
Yankton County, Yankton, /8p6. — Observations were made over the center of a lynn wood post.
This post was located in the grounds of the Yankton Congregational College of 1881. It is distant
254.9 ^^^^ north of the north entrance to the main college building and 45 feet east of the nearest edge
of the walk of the Capital street entrance to the college grounds. The mark or range used was the
tank pinnacle of the city water storage tank. This mark or range bears 57° 45^.7 west of true south.
TENNESSEE.
Campbell County, Careyville, igoo. — Observations were made over an oak peg in the lot in the
northwest comer of the first crossroads east of the railroad station, about 500 feet from the railroad.
This peg is distant 48 feet north and 44 feet west of the fence surrounding this lot, in which observations
were also made in 1881. The mark or range used was the west gable of a small house at the foot of the
hill near the turn in the road. This mark or range bears 97° 32^.4 east of true south.
Davidson County, Nashville, 1888. — The station is in the southwest section of land formed by the
two intersecting gravel roads in front of the central building of the Vanderbilt University. It is 11.5
yards from the edge of the road leading to the central building and 21.5 yards from the road crossing
this road. It is marked by a locust post sunk flush with the surface of the ground.
27478 — 02 24
370 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
TENNESSEE -Continued.
Hamilton County^ Chattanooga^ 1900. — Observations were made over the center of the limestone
post located in the grounds of the Stanton House, 17 feet from the south fence and 30^ feet from the
east fence of these grounds. The same point has been used before for secular variation observations.
The mark or range used was the rear of a brick building showing between two frame houses. This
mark or range bears 14® 41^.1 east of true south.
Knox County y Knoxznlle^ igoo. — Observations were made over the center of a stone post located
in the grounds of the University of Tennessee, west of the agricultural building and greenhouse, very
nearly in line between the west end of the greenhouse and a wild cherry tree, about 50 feet from the
cherry tree and 15 feet from the edge of the terrace. Observations were also made over this post in
1890. The mark or range used was the northwest comer of a one-story hip-roof house on the far side
of the river. This mark or range bears 12® 39^.4 east of true south.
Shelby County ^ Memphis y igoi, — The station is located in the southwestern comer of the United
States Marine Hospital grounds, 33 feet from the upper edge of the terrace, which marks the southern
boundary of the grounds, and 52.3 feet from the west fence. It is marked by a sandstone post, 6 by
6 inches on the top, sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the flag-
staff on the Marine Hospital building, and bears 87° 33^*9 east of true south.
Unicoi County y Bug Butty /8gj. — ^The station is on the Tennessee-North Carolina line, about 20
miles southeast of Greeneville, and is 15 miles south of Pullen& It is marked by a large heavy rock set
flush with the surface of the ground, with drill hole, intersecting grooves, and letters U. S. C. S.
cut on it.
Wilson County y Lebanon y 1898. — The station is 1524 meters northwest from the square at Lebanon,
on a small elevation, 393 meters north of the Nashville pike, on the property of W. H. Brown. It is
the north end of a measured base, and is marked by a stone monument 2 feet 9 inches high, and i
foot 6 inches square, resting on a base, 2 feet 9 inches square.
TEXAS.
Bandera County y Bandera y 190 r, — The station is near the north comer of the public school yard
and is marked by a white limestone post 6 inches square, lettered U. S. C. & G. S., projecting about
2 inches above the surface of the ground. A drill hole in this post marks the north end of a meridian
line 363 feet long, the south end of which is marked by a limestone post 6 by 8 inches, buried i inch
below the siuface of the ground. This stone is near the south comer of the schoolhouse yard. The
mark or range used was a church spire, and bears 6® 33^.6 east of true south.
Baylor County y Seymour y igoo. — Observations were made over a stone post 6 by 6 inches on the
top and 3 feet long, set 32 inches in the ground. The top of this post is lettered U. S. C. & G. S.,
with a hole in the center of it. The center of this hole marks the point. It is located on the vacant
lot west of the C. C. Milling Company's plant, and south of the Baptist church. It is placed approx-
imately in line with the extreme west wall of this church. It is distant 305.8, 291^.5, and 233 feet,
respectively, from the southwest comer of this church, from the northeast comer of a picket fence
west of this stone post, and from the northwest corner of the plank fence around the square southeast
of the square occupied by the stone post. The mark or range used was the north ridge of a small,
distant house, nearly magnetic south of the post. This mark or range bears 5° 31 ''.8 west of true
south. The north steeple of the Baptist church bears 6° 34^.8 east of true north. The spire on the
stone hotel bears 39° 19^.7 east of true north. In 1901 a meridian line 382.1 feet long was established,
the south end of which is a few feet from the southwest comer of the square east from magnetic
station, and the north end near the southwest comer of the square east from Baptist church. Each
end is marked by a limestone rock {about 12 inches square, lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. (or N. M.)
on top.
Bee County y BeevilUy i8go. — ^The station is in the northeast comer of the court-house groimds
and is marked by a mesquite post sunk flush with the surface of the ground. This post is distant 68
feet from the north fence and 49 feet from the east fence. The south rod on the Ellis Hotel bears
87° 40^.0 west of true north.
Bell County y Beltony igoi, — The station is on the campus of Baylor College, near the south fence
and in front of President Wilson's cottage. It is marked by a white limestone post 6 inches square at
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS, 37 1
TEXAS— Continued.
the top, lettered U. S. C. & G. S., projecting 2 inches above the surface of the ground. A drill hole
in this stone marks the station and the south end of a meridian line 580 feet long. The north end of
this line is in the northwest corner of the campus, and is marked in a similar manner. The mark or
range used was the middle of a chimney at the west end of a house on a ridge distant about 2 miles,
and bears 22® 37^.0 west of true south.
Bexar County^ San Antonio, i88g-i8g^. — The magnetic observatory established at San Antonio
in 1889 was on the military reservation, about 300 feet northwest of the hospital. Two small build-
ings were provided for absolute observations. In 1892 it became necessary to change the location and
a new site was chosen, on Hillside Ranch, about 5 miles northwest of the old site, the absolute
declination pier being 136 meters southwest of the center chimney of the house of J. M. Vance. The
mark or range was a cross painted on the southwest chimney of Vance* s house, and bore 73° 38^.2 east
of north.
Bowie County ^ Texarkana, igoi. — The station is about 1 mile from the town, in the grounds of
Major Allen, on State Line avenue. It is in a large open field north of Major Allen's house, and
about 600 feet from the State line and about 700 feet from the fence around the house and barn. It is
marked by a stone post 8 inches square set so as to leave about 2 inches project above the surface of
the ground. The mark or range used was the cross on the Catholic church, and bears 3° 30^.6 west of
true south.
Brazoria County^ Coiumbia, i8go, — The station is in the open lot in the rear of the Presbyterian
church, on Main street, adjoining Harris Hotel. It is marked by a live-oak post 2 feet long, sunk *
flush with the surface of the ground. The post is distant 47.9 feet from the rear of the church, 23.3
feet from the north fence of the lot, and 31 feet from the west fence of the lot (running parallel
to Main street).
Brewster County, Alpine, i^i, — Observations were made over the south stone of the meridian
line established on the court-house grounds. This stone is 73.3 feet from the southeast corner and
99.3 feet from the northeast corner of the court-house. The mark or range used was the spire of the
water tower of the Southern Pacific Railroad. This mark or range bears 28° 02^.6 east of true south.
The Baptist church spire bears 52° 26''. 4 east of true north.
Bucket County^ Marathon^ 1902. — Observations were made in the public square near the public
schoolhouse. The precise point is near the southwest comer of the square, and is 9.6 feet from the North
Second street fence line and 12.8 feet from the avenue D fence line. The mark or range used was the
west corner of the roof of the railroad station. This mark or range bears 28° o6''.o west of true south.
The northwest corner of the schoolhouse bears 46° 52^.0 east of true north. The southeast corner of the
schoolhouse bears 58® 08^.0 east of true north.
Calhoun County, Port Lavaca, i8go. — ^The station is in the north corner of the court-house square.
It is marked by a red-cedar post sunk flush with the surface of the ground. This post is 12.5 feet
from the northeast fence around court-house yard, 46.7 feet from the north corner of the small
wooden building between the court-house and the jail, and 77 feet from the corner of the jail.
Clay County, Henrietta, igoo. — Observations were made over a tack in a stake driven flush with
the ground. This stake was located in the southwest corner of the grounds of the brick public-school
building, distant 153.5, 73«9» ^^^ S9.8 feet, respectively, from the eastern, from the southern, and
from the western fence lines of this school property. It is also distant 268.6 feet from the southwest
corner of the school building, a little west of the extreme western side of the school building
prolonged. The mark or range used was the tip of the western ridge of the brick house of Mr.
Gowan, and bears 14° 13^.7 east of true south.
Coke County, Robert Lee, igo/. — The station is near the northwest corner of the court-house
square, 12 feet fn^m the north fence and 20.3 feet from the north end of a meridian line 305.3 feet
long. This north end is marked by a gray sandstone, 7 by 9 inches, lettered U. S. C. & G. S. on the
top. The south end is marked by a similar stone, 7 by 10 inches, on top. Each projects about 4
inches above the surface of the ground.
Coletnan County, Coleman, igoi. — The station is near the northwest comer of the public school
grounds, and is marked by a gray limestone, 6 by 9 inches, buried flush with the ground and lettered
U. S. C. & G. S. on top. Due north of this stone and 281.66 feet distant another stone similarly
marked was set to mark the true meridian.
372 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
TEXAS -Continued.
Cooke County y Gainesville ^ 7900.— Observations were made over a copper tack, in a stake driven
flush with the ground. This stake was located on the girls' side of the grounds of the South Side
Public School, between Denton street on the west side, Lindsay street on the east side, Gordon street
on the south side, and an unnamed street on the north side of the public-school grounds. It is distant
1 12. 2 and 135.6 feet, respectively, from the northwest and the northeast corners of the South Side
brick school building, in the line of the schoolhouse tower, east of south, and the pump house of the
waterworks, west of north of this stake. The mark or range used was the northeast corner of the
tower of the residence belonging to Dr. A. S. Scott. This mark or range bears 1° 22^.9 east of true
south.
Concho County, Paint Rock, i^i, — The station is near the southwest comer of the public-school
lot, 160.87 feet from the northwest comer and 139.48 feet from the southwest comer of the school
building. It is marked by a blue limestone post, 5 by 8 inches on top, lettered U. S. C. & G. S., sunk
flush with the surface of the ground. A drill hole in the stone marks the exact point, and also the
south end of a meridian line 417.5 feet long, the north end of which is marked by a similar stone, 4
by 5 inches on top, and similarly lettered.
Crocket County, Ozona, i^i. — The station is in the town park, near the east side, 17.2 feet from
the north fence. It is marked by a hard limestone post, 9>^ inches square, projecting 3 inches above
the surface of the ground, and lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S. A drill hole in this stone marks the
exact point, and the north end of a meridian line 378 feet long. The south end of this line is marked
in a similar manner. The mark or range used was the center pole of the town reservoir, and bears
83° 33^.7 east of true north.
Dezvitt County, Cuero, igoi, — ^The station is near the northwest comer of the high-school grounds,
37.8 feet from the north fence and 75.5 feet from the west fence. It is marked by a limestone post, 8
inches square on top, projecting 3 inches above ground and lettered U. S. C. & G. S., N. M. A
similar stone, 253.1 feet due south, marks the south end of the meridian line. The mark or range
was the spire of the German Lutheran church, and bears 81° 14^.2 west of true north.
Dewitt County, Lindenau, igoi. — ^The station is about a quarter of a mile east of the post-office
in the open prairie southeast of the house of Charles Wild, and a little west of a clump of live oak
trees. It is marked by a limestone post, 4 by 12 inches, on top, lettered U. S. C. S., 1901, and projecting
3 inches above ground. The mark or range used was the spire of the court-house at Cuero, 5.9 miles
distant, and bears 61° 06^.7 east of true south. The south rod on Mr. Wild's residence bears 81® 48^.6.
west of true north.
Dickens County, Dickens, /90/.— The station is near the middle of what is expected to be the
sidewalk on the south side of the first street south and the east side of the first street west of the
court-house. A meridian line, 289.6 feet long, was marked by two granite posts near the northeast
and southeast corners of the court-house square. These stones are 7 inches square on top, project 3^
inches above ground, and are lettered U. S. C. & G. S., S. M. (or N. M. ).
Dimmit County, Carrizo Springs, /$»/.— Observations were made over the south stone of the
meridian line established on the court-house grounds. This stone is 17.5 feet from the southwest
corner and 49.3 feet from the southeast corner of the court-house. The north stone is near the*
northwest corner of the grounds, 4 feet from the north fence. From the south stone the Baptist
church spire bears 58® 43^.0 west of true north.
Duval County, PeHa, i8go. — The station is in the open plain due north of the western edge of the
railroad station. It is marked by a heavy mesquite post, projecting 6 inches above ground. The post
is 225 feet from the northwest comer of the railroad station and 95 feet west of the northwest comer of
the fence around a garden. The south rod on the Pena Hotel bears 65° o8''.o east of true south.
Duval County, San Diego, i8go. — The station is in the northwest corner of the court-house
grounds, and is marked by a mesquite post sunk flush with the surface of the ground. This post is
10 feet from the north fence and 9 feet from the west fence around the court-house square. It is also
distant '6 1. 8 feet from the northwest corner of the wooden court-house building. The cross on the
Catholic church bears 31° 40^.0 west of true south. The spire of the Methodist church bears 41° 07^.0
west of true south.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 373
TEXAS— Continued.
Eastland County y Cisco, 1888. — ^The station is in the open lot west of the Wilson Hotel, on Sixth
street, where avenue F, if extended, would intersect it. It is marked by the center of a flint rock, 4
inches square, sunk flush with the surface of the ground. This stone is 32 feet from the intersection
of the northern edge of Sixth street and the western edge of avenue F. It is 113 feet from the
foundation of the Wilson Hotel. The mark or range used was the rod on the Presbjrterian church,
and bears 7° 40^.9 east of true south. The Baptist church spire bears 48° 22^.0 east of true south.
Edwards County, Rock Springs, igoi, — The station is in the public school lot, 23.8 feet from the
northeast corner and 42.7 feet from the southeast comer of the northern part of the building. It was
temporarily marked by a small wooden peg, and is 1 19. i feet from the south end of a meridian line
passing through the station, and 387.2 feet long. Both ends of this line are marked by white limestone
posts, 7 by 9 inches, buried nearly flush with the surface of the ground and lettered U. S. C. & G. S.,
with drill holes marking the exact points.
El Paso County, Boundary, i8g2. — The station is one used by the boundary commission and is
on the east side of the Rio Grande, on the hill between the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe and
Southern Pacific railroads, and also in the prolongation of the boundary line. It is about 3 miles from
El Paso.
El Paso County, El Paso, i8g^. — ^The station is located in the city park, 100 feet west of the
longitude pier. It is about in the center of the square bounded by Missouri, Santa Fe, Franklin, and
El Paso streets.
El Paso County, Sierra Blanca, 1888. — The station is in the open plain north of the depot hotel
and railway station. It is between the Texas and Pacific Railroad track and the wooden corral north
of the hotel. It is marked by a red wood post sunk flush with the surface of the ground. This post
is 204 >^ feet from the north edge of the north wall of the hotel and 32^ feet from the south fence of
the corral. The central cupola of the hotel bears 21° 25^.0 west of true south.
El Paso County, Kent, 1^2, — The magnetic station is in the rear of the Texas and Pacific Rail-
road station, i4 feet from the fence, 18 feet from the west side of a gateway in the fence, and 133.8 feet
from the southwest comer of the station. It is marked by a post projecting 3 inches above ground.
The southwest comer of the railroad station bears 25° 4i''.o west of true north.
Erath County, Stephenville, /90/.— The station is in the southwest corner of the public school
grounds, about 20 feet from the south fence. It is marked by a white limestone post 6 inches square,
lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S. , projecting 5 inches above the surface of the ground. A drill hole
* in this post marks the exact point, and also the south end of a meridian line 500 feet long. The north
end of this line is marked in a similar manner. The mark or range used was the tip of the court-
house tower, and bears 50° 55^.4 east of true north.
Fayette County, Lagrange, i8go, — The station is in the southwest corner of the court-house
square. It is marked by a drill hole in the top of a sandstone post, sunk flush with the surface of the
ground. Due north of this post, and near the edge of the court-house building, another stone was set,
thus forming a true north and south line. The south stone of this meridian line is distant 40.3 feet
from the fence along Main street and 36.5 feet from the fence along Travis street. The rod on the
cupola of the Masonic Lodge bears 76° 01^ west of true south.
Fisher County, Roby, igoi. — The station is 74.6 feet nearly east from the southeast comer of the
court-house and 104.23 feet north from the south end of a meridian line 278.9 feet long. Two mes-
quite posts about 5 inches square on top were set flush with the surface of the ground, with a nail in
the top to mark the true meridian.
Frio County, Pearsall, i^i, — Observations were made at the north stone of the meridian line
established on the court-house grounds. The stone is in line with the north face of the court-house
and 37 feet from the northeast corner. The south stone is at the south edge of the court-house
grounds. From the north stone the windmill of Magus Smith bears 19° 49"^ west of true south.
Galveston County, Galveston, i8gs. — The station is located at the southeast corner of Seventeenth
and One-half streets.
Gillespie County, Fredericksburg, /go/.-— The station is located in the public school grounds, 47.55
feet from the southeast comer and 60.46 feet from the northeast corner of the school building, and is
374 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
TEXAS— Continued.
marked by a red granite post 7 by 7>^ inches, lettered U. S. C. & G. S., buried about i inch below
the surface of the ground. A drill hole in this post marks the north end of a meridian line 456.5 feet
long, the south end of which is similarly marked, except that the post projects 2 inches above the
surface of the ground. This south stone is near the electric light plant, 6. 14 feet from the fence.
Glasscock County, Garden Cityfy igoi. — The station is near the south side of the court-house
square, 26 feet from the fence and 10.7 feet from the south end of a meridian line 293.3 ^^^^ long.
The stones to mark the meridian line were set by the county judge. The south stone is 15.6 feet from
the fence and the north stone 1 1 . 25 feet from the fence.
Gonzales County, GotisaleSy i^i. — The station is near the center of the high school campus, 134
feet from the north fence and 241 feet from the school building. It is marked by a block of sandstone
7 by 8 inches on top, set flush with the surface of the ground, and lettered U. S. C. S. The mark or
range used was the spire of the Negro Baptist church, and bears 12° 38^.6 east of true north. The
tallest spire of the brick Methodist church bears 73° 47^.2 west of true south. A meridian line was
established by the United States Geological Survey on the court-house square, but the location is not
suited for magnetic observations.
Hall County, Memphis, igoo. — Observations were made over a tack in a stake driven flush ^nth
the ground. This stake was located in the grounds adjacent to the Presbyterian church, distant 79.6
feet from the southwest corner of this church building and 60 feet from the middle of the three south-
east corners of this building. It is distant 75 feet from the center of the road east of these grounds,
and 14 feet east of the extreme eastern wall of the Presbyterian church when prolonged, and is about
in the line joining the jail building with the windmill of W. A. Johnson. The mark or range was
the eastern edge of the brick chimney of Mr. W. M. Pardue 's residence. This mark or range bears
4° 48^.2 east of true south.
Harris County, Houstoft, i8go. — The station is in the large open space north of the old exposition
building in the fair grounds. It is marked by a pine post 2 feet long sunk flush with the surface of
the ground. This post is 198.5 feet from the plank walk leading to the entrance of the fair grounds,
and 171 feet from the Walk leading from the front of the old exposition building. The center of the
cupola of the large brick house of A. W. Johnson bears 45° 49-^ east of true north.
Haskell County, Haskell, igoi. — The station is at the northwest corner of the second square east
of the court-house, opposite Johnson' s livery stables. It is 6.69 feet west and 0.25 foot south of the
south end of a meridian line 383. i feet long. The south end is marked by a hard limestone post 7 by 9
inches on top, lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. The north stone is 7 inches square and lettered U. S.
C. & G. S.
Howard County, Big Spfings, i^i. — The station is on the north side of the court-house square,
124 feet from the fence and 37.1 feet from the north end of a meridian line 307 feet long. This
meridian line is marked by hard limestone posts 7 inches square, lettered U. S. C. & G. S. on top and
set flush with the surface of the ground.
Irion County, Sherwood, /gar. — The station is near the southeast corner of the court-house
square, 8.4 feet from the south fence. It is marked by a white limestone post 6 inches square, pro-
jecting 2 inches above the surface of the ground, and lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S. A drill hole in
this post marks the exact point and the south end of a meridian line 267.2 feet long. The north end
is marked by a stone post 10 inches square, similarly lettered and buried flush with the surface of the
ground. The Baptist church spire bears 48° 23^.0 east of true south. The Methodist church spire
bears 68® 26' west of true north.
Jack County, Jacksboro, rgoi. — The station is near the middle of the sidewalk on the east side of
the street east of the court-house, about 1 10 feet from the jail. It is 0.45 foot west of the south end of a
meridian line 55 1 8 feet long, the north end of the line being nearly opposite the court-house. The ends
of the meridian line are marked by limestone jxjsts 7 inches square, set flush with the sidewalk, and
lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. (or N. M. ).
Jackson County, Edna, igo/. — The station is on the court-house square, 21 feet from the north
fence, opposite the jail. It is marked by a post of concrete rock about 8 inches square, pyramidal on
top, and projecting about 9 inches out of ground. A similar stone is placed 129.5 feet due south near
the site of the old court-house. The mark or range used was the east edge of the chimney of the South-
ern Pacific Railroad depot, and bears 22®. 05'.! east of true south.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 375
TEXAS— Continued.
Jefferson County^ Beaumont y i8go. — The station is in the southeast comer of the court-house
square, distant 105 feet and 61.3 feet, respectively, from the fences along Pearl and Franklin streets.
It is marked by a yellow-pine post 2 feet long, sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The spire
on the cupola of Mr. Carroll's large brick house bears 32° 32-^ east of true south.
Jones County, Anson , igoi. — ^The station is east of the public school building, 61 feet from the
southeast comer, and 41.4 feet from the northeast comer, and 144. i feet from the south end of a
meridian line 278.6 feet long. The south end of the meridian line is marked by a limestone 8 by 9
inches on top, set flush with the surface of the ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. The north
end is marked similarly by a stone 10 by 12 inches on top.
Karnes County ^ Karnes* City, 1901. — ^The station is near the northeast corner of the court-house
square, 35 feet from the north fence, 25.6 feet from the east fence, and about 123 feet from the coiut-
house. It is marked by a limestone post 8 inches square on top, projecting 3 or 4 inches above ground,
and lettered U. S. C. & G. M. S. M. The south stone of the meridian line is 215.9 ^^et distant in the
southeast comer of the square. The mark or range used was the flag pole on the brick schoolhouse,
about 4 blocks away, and bears 64® 33^.4 east of true north.
Kaufman County, Kaufman, jgoi, — ^The station is at the north end of the public school grounds,
53.7 feet from the north fence and 116.1 feet from the west fence. It is marked by a gray sandstone
post 6 inches square, lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S. , sunk flush with the surface of the ground. A
drill hole in the post marks the exact point and the north end of a meridian line 401. i feet long. The
south end is marked in a similar manner. The mark or range used was the center of the ball on the
Baptist church spire, and bears 20° 00^.6 west of true north.
Kent County, Clairemont, jgoi. — ^The station is 148.95 feet from the southeast comer and 15 1.9
feet from the northeast comer of the court-house. A meridian line 317.6 feet long was established
and marked by two limestone posts 5 by 6 inches on top, lettered U. S. C% & G. S., and set flush
with the ground. The south stone is 128.45 feet from the magnetic station. The north stone is on
the north side of the street north of the court-house and near the building line.
Kerr County, Kerrville, igoi. — ^The station is in the court-house grounds, about 60 feet from the
northeast comer of the building. It is marked by a white limestone post about 8 inches square,
lettered U. S. C. & G. S., and sunk nearly flush with the surface of the ground. A drill hole in this
post marks the south end of a meridian line 430 feet long, the north end of which is similarly marked.
Kimble County, Junction City, 1901, — ^The station is on the north side of the court-house square,
about 20 feet west of the north entrance to the grounds and about 15 feet from the fence. It is
marked by a white limestone post 5>^ by 9 inches, lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S. A drill hole in
this post marks the north end of a meridian line 240.9 feet long. The south end of this line is marked
by a similar stone 6 inches square, similarly lettered.
King County, Guthrie, igoi, — ^The station is near the southwest comer of the court-house square,
72.73 feet from the south end of a meridian line 800.3 feet long. The meridian line is marked by two
limestone posts 6 by 8 inches on top and letter^ U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. (or N. M. ).
Kinney County, Spofford, 18^, — ^The station is in the open lot in the rear of the building used as
a post-office, which is situated on the street facing the railroad. It is marked by a redwood post sunk
flush with the surface of the ground. The post is 64.4 feet from the north side of the post-office
building and 40 feet from the east fence around the yard of the stage office.
Kinney County, Brackettville, i^i. — ^The magnetic station is just inside the Government reser-
vation and 33 feet east of the board walk leading from Ann street to the parade ground. It is marked
by a stone post which forms the north end of a meridian line established at the time of these
observations. The mark or range used was the west comer of the west chimney of the quarter-
master's storehouse, and bears 6° 21^.5 east of true south.
Knox County, Benjamin, jgoi, — The station is near the northeast comer of the court-house
square, 114. 2 feet from the north end of a meridian line 401.15 feet long. The north end of the
meridian line is marked by a sandstone post 7 by 9 inches on top and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M.
The south end is marked by a sandstone 8 by 10 inches on top and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M, This
stone is 5.93 feet from an iron pipe driven in the ground to mark the original comer of the court-
house square. Due north of this pipe and 6. 27 feet from the north meridian stone is an iron pin in a
cement stone, planted some years ago by a local surveyor.
376 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
TEXAS— Continued.
Lampasas County^ Laftipasas^ igoi. — The station is the triangulation station, Lampasas South-
west Base, located on the brow of a prominent hill about 4 miles south of Lampasas. It is about a
mile west of the Lampasas and Austin road, in what is known as the Craft pasture. The exact point
is the center of the brass plate in the capstone. The mark or range was the Baptist church spire at
Lampasas, and bears 10° 46^.2 west of true north.
Lasalle County^ Cotulla, i^i, — The station of 1890 was reoccupied. It is marked by a marble
post projecting a few inches above ground. The stone is 146.8, 92.5, and 113.3 feet, respectively,
from the west, south, and east corners of the court-house. The spire of the Presbyterian church bears
64° 55' east of true south.
Lavaca County^ Hallettsville, igoi. — ^The station is in a small pasture belonging to John
Buchanan, county clerk, about 50 yards south of his residence and 74 feet east of a lane leading
from it toward town. A true meridian line 284.9 ^^et long is marked by two limestones, 8 inches
square on top, projecting 3 inches above ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. M. N. M. The north stone
also marks the magnetic station. The mark or range used was the central spire of the court-house,
and bears i ° 19^.0 west of true south. The spire of the Catholic church bears 10® 35^.0 east of true south.
Liberty County^ Liberty y i8go. — The station is in the northeast comer of the court-house square.
It is marked by a C3rpress post sunk flush with the surface of the ground. This post is 37.8 feet from
the north fence and 65.4 feet from the east fence around the court-house square. The mark or range
used was the pole on the railway station, and bears 6° 25^ east of true south. The spire of the
Catholic church bears 71® 26^ west of true south.
Limestone County^ Groesbeck^ i^r. — The station is in the grounds of the public school 100 feet
and 70.7 feet, respectively, from the northwest and the northeast comers of the school building. It is
marked by an oak post sunk 2 inches below the surface of the ground. The mark or range used
was the tip of the court-house tower, and bears 23° 35^.0 east of true south.
Llano County, Llano, J901. — The station is in the southwest corner of the public-school lot, 13.2
feet from the south fence and 18. i feet from the west fence. It is marked by a dark sandstone post,
6 by 9 inches, lettered U, S. C. & G. S., projecting about 3 inches above the ground. A drill hole in
this stone marks the exact point and also the south end of a meridian line 248 feet long, the north
end of which is similarly marked. The range or mark used was the spire of the Christian church, and
bears 3° 56^.0 west of true north.
Mason County, Mason, igoi. — The station is in the court-house square about 14 feet west and 60
feet north of the northwest corner of the court-house. It is marked by a sandstone post yyi inches
square, projecting about 4 inches above the ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. A drill hole in this
stone marks the exact point and also the north end of a meridian line 371.7 feet long, the south end
of which is on the west side of the north entrance to the jail and is similarly marked. The mark or
range used was a telegraph pole on a hill, and bears 4° 02^.0 west of true south.
Maverick County, Eagle Pass, i^i. — Observations were made at the north stone of a meridian
line about 500 feet long established in the open space south of the executive building of Old Fort
Duncan. This station was previously occupied in 1890. The mark or range used was the west edge
of the west chimney on officer's quarters No. 4. This mark or range bears 0° 10^ east of true south.
Medina County, Hondo, igoi. — A meridian line was established on the east side of the court-house
square. The south stone is 23 feet from the east fence and 25.8 feet from the south fence. The north
stone is 15.5 feet from the north fence and 9.5 feet from the east fence. Observations were made at
the south stone. The mark or range used was the spire on the Baptist church, and bears 4° 41^ east
of true south.
Menard County, Menardville, igoi.—T)a& station is 27.75 ^eet from the northwest corner and
43.75 feet from the southwest corner of the court-house. It is 23 inches west of the north end of a
meridian line 318.5 feet long. The meridian line is marked by two white limestones ^% inches
square on top, projecting 2 inches above ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S.
McCuUoch County, Brady ^ i^i. —A meridian line 555.5 feet long was established on the west side
of the second street west of the court-house. The south end of this line is in front of Mr. W. P. Doyt's
house, and is marked by a limestone post 10 by 11 inches, projecting 4 inches above the ground, and
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 377
TEXAS— Continued.
lettered U. S. C. & G. S. The north end of the line is marked by a similar stone 10 by 10 inches
sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The magnetic station is 8 feet east and 14. i feet south of
the drill hole in the south meridian stone, and is at the south end of a section line.
Mitchell County ^ Colorado y igoo, — Observations were made over a copper tack in a cedar post
SK t)y 7 inches on top and 3 feet long, set 31 inches in the ground. It is located in the court-house
yard in the rear of the jail. It is distant 17 1.2 feet from the southwest corner of the brick court-house
building. It is also distant 87.5, 66.1, and 93.3 feet, respectively, from the south and west plank
fences around the court-house square, and from the south tall board fence around the county jail.
The mark or range used was the top part of a distant post in a fence. This mark or range bears
9® 07^.6 west of true south. The south cupola of the court-house bears 69° 37-^.5 east of true north.
The spire of the Methodist church bears 88° 44''. 8 east of true north.
Mitchell County^ Colorado^ igoi. — The station is on the south side of the court-house square
near the middle, 13 feet from the fence. It is 0.45 foot from the south end of a meridian line 257.2
feet long. The ends of this meridian line are marked by two cement stones 7 inches square on top
with a drill hole near the center. The north stone is 10.65 ^^^^ from the north fence.
Nueces County ^ Corpus Cktisti, i8go, — ^The station is located in the open space at the foot of Law-
rence street, near the intersection of I^awrence and Water streets. It is marked by a wooden post sunk
flush with the surface of the ground. This post is 29 feet from the north line of Lawrence street and
22 feet from the east line of Water street. The flag pole on the custom-house bears 63** 41^ west of
true north.
Orange County, Orange, 18^. — The station is in the open space in front of the Curry Hotel, at the
intersection of Fifth and Elm streets. It is marked by a yellow pine post 2 feet long, sunk flush with
the surface of the ground. This post is distant 31.9 feet from the corner of the fence on the northeast
comer of Fifth and Elm streets, and 21.5 feet from the corner of the fence on the northwest comer of
Fifth and Elm streets. The cross on the Episcopal church bears 25° 53^ east of true south.
Palo Pinto County, Mineral Wells, 1901. — ^The station is on the east side of the public school
grounds, nearly in line with the south end of the new school building. It is marked by an oak tent
peg. The station is 12 feet from an oak tree nearly north, 42.4 feet from an oak tree nearly northwest,
and 21.8 feet from an oak tree about south 25° west. The mark or range used was the cupola on Mr.
H. C. Hemdon's house, and bears 5° 49''.! west of true south. The north spire on the Baptist church
bears 42° 02'' east of true south.
Palo Pinto County, Palo Pinto, igoi. — The station is on the grounds of the public school, southeast
of the school building, and 156.2 feet from the south end of a meridian line 400.15 feet long. The
south end of the meridian line is near the southeast corner of the school lot, and is marked by a sand-
stone 8 by II inches on top, set flush with the surface of the ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M.
The north end of the meridian line is marked by a limestone 6 by 8 inches on top, and lettered
U. S. C. & G. S. N. M.
Pecos County, Sanderson, i8go. — The station is on the open plain north of the eastern end of the
Southern Pacific Railway station. It is marked by a redwood post sunk flush with the surface of
the ground. This pK)st is 124.2 feet from the northwest corner of the restaurant northeast of the
railroad station.
Potter County, Amarillo, i8gg, — Observations were made over a copper tack in a stake driven flush
with the ground. This stake was located in the southwest corner of the schoolhouse grounds, distant
48.1 and 78.8 feet, respectively, from the southern and western fence lines of these schoolhouse
grounds. It is also distant io8.8 and 112.3 feet, respectively, from the extreme southwest corner of
the school building and from the southwest corner of the eastern wing of this building. This stake is
in the line joining the schoolhouse tower and the residence of Mr. Pen, west of south of it. It is also in
the line joining the Methodist church west of north and the college building east of south of the stake.
The mark or range used was the southwest edge of the chimney on the residence of Mr. Woflin. This
mark or range bears 27° io''.4 west of true south.
Presidio County, Mar/a, igo2. — Observations were made over a cedar post located on the court-
house grounds near the southwest comer and 66.5 and 65.5 feet, respectively, from the west fence
378 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902,
TEXAS— Continued.
and south fence. Beneath this post is a bottle 3 feet below the surface of the ground. Prom this
point the Christian church spire bears 52° 23^ west of true south. The cross on the Episcopal
church bears 12® 14' east of true south.
Presidio County, Valentine^ 1^2. — Observations were made over a mesquite stub located in the
yard of Dr. D..T. Finley. It is 18.8 feet from the east fence, 41.6 feet from the south fence, and 16.3
feet from the nearest corner of the house. The precise point is marked by a nail driven in the
top of the stub. Beneath this stub and 2}i feet below the surface of the ground is a bottle. The
mark or range used was the post on the north gable of a tool house belonging to the Southern
Pacific Railroad. This mark or range bears bears 17° 16' west of true south. The cupola on the
railroad station bears 87° 02^ west of true north.
Reeves County y Pecos City, igoi. Observations were made over the south stone of the meridian
line established in the court-house yard. This stone is 78.7 feet from the southwest corner and
52.5 feet from the southeast comer of the court-house. The north stone is 238.3 feet distant, in
the northeast comer of the square.
Reeves County , Guadalupe, igo2. — ^The magnetic station is 102.4 feet from the southwest comer
of the section foreman's house, 68.5 feet from the southwest corner of the station house, and 46.6 feet
from the northwest comer of the workmen's quarters. The mark or range used was the first mile-
post to the west of the station and bears 54° 36' west of true north.
Runnels County ^ Ballinger, igoi. — The station is near the north comer of the public-school lot,
and is marked by a white limestone rock 12 by 10 by 10 inches, set about 8 inches in the ground
on solid rock with Portland cement. The top of this stone is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. A drill hole
marks the exact point and also the north end of a meridian line 310 feet long. The south end of this
line is 85.4 feet from the east comer and 93.4 feet from the south comer of the school building, and
is marked by a drill hole 2 inches deep, with letters U. S. on east and west sides cut into the bed rock
3 inches below the surface of the ground. The mark or range used was the spire of the Christian
church, and bears 48* 30^.1 west of true south.
San Saba County, San Saba, /po/.— The station is near the northeast comer of the school lot, and
is tharked by a hard sandstone post 7 by 10 inches, projecting 4 inches above the ground, and lettered
U. S. C. & G. S. A drill hole in this stone marks the exact point, and also the north end of a
meridian line 491.6 feet long, the south end of which is marked by a similar stone. The mark or range
used was the north gable of Mrs. W. H. Anderson's house, and bears 3® 33^.0 west of true south.
Schleicher County, Eldorado, igoi, — ^The station is near the southwest corner of what will probably
be the court-house square. It is marked by a white limestone post 7 by 10 by 20 inches, lettered
U. S. C. & G. S. , buried 19 inches. A drill hole in this post marks the exact point, and also the south
end of a meridian line about 700 feet long. The north end of this line is marked by a 2^foot piece
of I >^-inch galvanized-irou pipe driven 23 inches into the ground. The mark or range used was the
south gable of Mr. R. L. Brook's house, and bears 6° 47^.8 west of true north.
Scurry County, Snyder, igoi, — ^The station is on the south side of the court-house square, 15.28
feet from the fence, and is marked by a sandstone 4^ by 10 inches on top, and lettered
U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. This is the south end of a meridian line 230.8 feet long. The north end
is marked by a sandstone 6 by 8 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. Both stones are
set nearly flush with the ground. The mark or range used was the south lightning rod on S. Wasson's
house, and bears 72** 18^.5 east of true north. The Christian church cupola bears 73® 23^ west of true
south.
Shackleford County, Albany, igoi. — ^The station is on the court-house square, 13.73 feet from the
south fence and 59.66 feet from the west fence, and is the south end of a meridian line 352.3 feet long.
The north end of the line is 15.33 ^^^^ from the north fence. Both north and south ends are marked
by limestone posts 6 inches square on top and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. S. M.,
respectively. The mark or range used was the belfry of the public schoolhouse, and bears 21® 17^.9
east of true north. The spire of the Christian church bears 89° 21' east of true south.
Stephens County, Breckenridge, igoi, — ^The station is in the northwest part of the court-house
square, 125.05 feet from the northwest corner of the court-house. It is marked by a wagon spoke with
a small nail in the top. The mark or range used was the spire of the Old School Presbyterian church,
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 379
TEXAS— Continued.
and bears 23° 27^. i west of true south. The north gable of A. J. Power's law office bears 2® 32^.1 west
of true south.
Sterling County j Sterling City^ igoi. — The station is near the northeast comer of the court-house
square, 38.5 feet from the east fence and 23 f^t from the north end of a meridian line 265.8 feet long.
The north end of the meridian line is marked by a white limestone 7K t)y 9>^ inches on top, project-
ing about 2 inches above ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. The south end is marked by a stone 7
inches square similarly marked.
Stonewall County, Aspermonty /j?a?.— Observations were made over a stone post 3>^ by 7 inches
on top and 2.6 feet long, set 30 inches in the ground, with a cross in the center of it. The center of
this cross marks the point. It is located in the court-house ground, approximately in line with the
eastern wall of the court-house building, and nearly in line with the northern wall of a small frame
building northwest of the court-house building.
This stone post is distant 94.6, 102.9, 126.7, **id 231.4 feet, respectively, from the northeast comer
and the northwest comer of the court-house building, from the northeast comer of the county clerk's
office, and from the northeast corner of the small frame building. The mark or range used was the
lightning rod on the residence of Mrs. Jane K. Anderson. This mark or range bears 46° ii'.S east of
true south. The top of the belfry on the schoolhouse bears 79° 42^.4 east of true south. * The east
gable of the Masonic hall bears 88° 38^.2 west of true south.
Stonewall County ^ Aspermont, igoi. — ^The station is on a park on the south side of court-house
square, 22.26 feet due south of the south stone of a meridian line 476.4 feet long. The stone is 7
inches square on top, lettered U. S. C. & G. S., and set flush with the ground. The north stone is on
a strip of ground also designated as parking, and is 7 by 9 inches on top and similarly lettered.
Sutton County, Sonora, i^i, — The station is in the southwest corner of the court-house square,
10.16 feet from the south fence and 21.88 feet from the south end of a meridian line 381.5 feet long,
which is marked by white limestone posts 6 inches square at the top, 30 inches long, buried 27 inches
in the ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. Drill holes in these stones mark the exact points. The
north stone is near the northeast corner of the court-house square.
Tarrant County, Fort Worth, 1888, — Observations were made over the center of a stone post
about 4 inches square, sunk iji feet in the ground. This post is between East First street and
Weatherford street and just east of Harding street. It is 118 feet from the fence around the yard of
the old Mabu house and 74 feet 7 inches almost south of the comer of the fence around the property
on Weatherford street. The mark or range used was the center of the spire on the Fort Worth
Gazette office, and bears 36® I4''.5 west of true south. The center of the cupola on the First Ward
schoolhouse bears 41° 25^.5 west of true south.
Throckmorton County, Throckmorton, igoi. — ^The station is on the public-school grounds, near
the south side and southwest from the school building. A meridian line 322.75 feet long was
established and marked by limestone posts 7 inches square on top, set flush with the ground and
lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. (or S. M. ). The magnetic station is 26.27 feet north of the south stone.
Tom Green County, San Angelo, igoi, — ^The station is in the court-house square, 41.52 feet from
the east fence and 68.99 feet from the south fence. A meridian line 242.87 feet long was established
and marked by sandstone posts lettered U. S. C. & G. S. on top, set flush with the ground. The
south stone is in the line of shade trees on the east side of the walk from the south gate to the
court-house, 61.61 feet from the magnetic station.
Travis County, Austin, 7^95.— The station is in the grounds of the State University, southeast
of the main towers. It is marked with a large piece of limestone. The mark or range used was the
star in the hand of the statue of Liberty on the dome of the capitol, and bears 7° 54''.o west of true south.
Trams County, Austin i^t, —The station is in the northwest part of the grounds of the State
Deaf and Dumb School. It is marked by a white limestone post, 8 inches square, lettered on top
U. S. C. & G. S. , with a drill hole. This post projects 3 inches above the surface of the ground and is
the north end of a meridian line 570 feet long. The south end of this line is about 6 feet from the
northwest corner of the laundry building and is similarly marked. The mark or range used was the
middle tower on the main building of the University of Texas and bears 17° 49^.8 east of true south.
Uvalde County, Uvalde, i^i. — The magnetic station is in the southeast comer of the court-house
380 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
TEXAS— Continued.
square, 44.8 feet from the south fence and 29.6 feet from the east fence. It is marked by a stone post
which is the south end of a meridian line. The north stone is 286 feet distant, in the southwest corner
of the jail square, 7.5 feet from the west fence and 54 feet from the south fence. The mark or range
used was the west comer of the city hall and bears 3° 52' west of true south.
Valverde County^ Langiry^ /8^.—The station is on the bluff north of the Rio Grande River, and
just south of the inclosure around Camp Langtry, a United States Army sub cavalry post It is about
400 yards southeast of the railway station of the Southern Pacific Railroad. The station is marked by
a cross on a limestone rock sunk flush with the surface of the ground. This stone is 90 feet from the
southwest comer of the inclosure of Camp Langtry, and 96 feet from the southeast comer. The center
of the cupola on the railroad eating house bears 43® 20^ west of true north.
Valverde County, Del Rio. igoi. — A meridian line was established on the west side of the court-
house square and marked by stone posts. The south stone is 24 feet from the west fence and 16.5 feet
from the south fence. The north stone is 45 feet from the west fence, 20.8 feet from the north fence,
and 277.7 feet from the south stone. Observations were made at the south stone. The mark or range
used was the southeast comer of Regan's house and bears 17° 03^ east of true north.
Victoria County y Victoria , igoi. — The station is near the south side of Memorial Square, 17.5 feet
from the south fence and 63 feet from the east fence. It is marked by a limestone post 8 inches square,
projecting 4 inches above ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M., being the south end of a meridian
line 246.25 feet long. The north stone is near the the north fence of the square, and is lettered
U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. The mark or range used was the spire of the negro Baptist church and bears
8° 09^.5 west of true south
Webb County, Laredo, 18^. — The station is located in the large open space northeast of the parade
grounds, at Port Mcintosh. It is near the intersection of the road in front of the officers' quarters
with the road leading to Laredo. It is marked by a mesquite post sunk flush with the surface of the
ground. This post is 66 feet from the road leading to Laredo and 53.5 feet from the other road. It
is northeast of the intersection of these roads. The mark or range used was the central post of the
flagstaff, and bears 14° 24^ west of true south.
Webb County, Laredo, fSpS' — The station is located 89. i feet north and 10 feet west of the longi-
tude station of 1895. The longitude station is located in a triangular space in Fort Mcintosh, near
the hospital, and near the northeast entrance. It is marked by a brick pier. From the magnetic
station the court-house flagstaff bears 79® 49^.3 east of true south.
Wharton County, Wharton, iSgo, — The station is located in the northeast comer of the court-
house square. It is marked by a small hole drilled in a marble post 4 inches square and sunk with
its top even with the surface of the ground. This post is 33 feet from the fence along Rusk street,
and 38.3 feet from the fence along Milan street. The mark or range used was the west rod on Ford's
Hotel, and bears 37*=* 05^ west of troe south.
Wilbarger County, Vernon^ igoo. — Observations were made over the center of a stake set in the
lot adjoining the Cumberland Presbyterian church. This stake is distant 124.2, and 126.7 feet,
respectively, from the southwest and northwest corners of this Presbyterian church. It is also distant
97.9, 122.7, and 92.9 feet, respectively, from the southwest and northwest comers of the fence
inclosing the church lot, and from the northern fence inclosing the lot in which this stake is located.
The mark or range was the lightning rod on the large house nearly south of the station. This mark
or range bears 1° 45''. 8 east of true south. The Methodist church spire bears 57° 50^.7 east of true
north. The Christian church spire bears 66° 26^.2 east of true south.
Wood County, Mineola, 1888. — The station is in the open lot southeast of the new depot hotel, which
is south of the International and Great Northern Railroac tracks. It is marked by a cedar post sunk
flush with the surface of the ground. It is 74 feet from the southeast fence around the hotel and 39
feet from the fence across the alley. The Methodist church spire bears 89° 52^ west of true south.
The central rod on the large railroad water tank bears 73° 42'' east of true north.
Young County, Graham, igo/.—T)i^ station is in the southeast part of the court-house square, 1.8
feet west and 45.1 feet north of the south end of a meridian line 444-8 feet long. Both ends of the
meridian line are marked by sandstone posts 8 inches square, projecting about 4 inches above ground,
and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. (or S. M. ).•
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 38 1
UTAH.
Lciiz'tr Coitfity^ Beaver^ ^^95- — The station is within the inclosure around the Mormon meeting-
house, 34.15 meters from the southeast corner of the meetinghouse, 13.95 meters from the Wheeler
longitude station to the northwest, and 10 meters from the street fence to the east.
Beaver County^ Milford^ 1S85. — ^The station is slightly southeast of the office of the justice of the
peace, 25 meters from the southeast corner. It is also 100 meters from the southeast corner of Mr.
J. P. Williams's house and 18 meters almost due south of a well.
Boxelder County ^ Promontory^ /8g2.— The station is 47.2 feet from the geodetic station, 39° 09^.2
west of north. The geodetic station is located on the southeasternmost summit of the promontory
peninsula, a peninsula extending into Great Salt Lake from the north.
Davis County, Antelope, i8g2. — The station is on Church Island, Great Salt Lake, 52.4 feet from
the geodetic station on the line to promontory geodetic station, 24° 34^.7 west of north. The geodetic
station is the highest point of this island, which is the largest in Salt Lake.
Dams County, Waddoup, i8g2. — The station is 88 feet north and 288 feet west of the southeast
comer of the northwest quarter of sec. 18, T. 2 N., R. i E. It is on land of T. Waddoup, and is marked
by a brick pier.
Emery County, Patfnos Head, /8go.— The station is 22.05 meters from the geodetic station, 7° 52^.6
west of north. The geodetic station is in a range of mountains known as the W. Tavaputs plateau; it
is about 12.5 miles N. 72*^.5 E. from the post-office at Sunnyside, Emery County, on the highest point
in that vicinity.
Garfield County, Mount Ellen, i8gi. — The station is 12.67 meters from the geodetic station a little
east of the line to Patmos Head geodetic station, i. e., about 30° east of north. Mount Ellen is the
northern summit of the Henry Mountains. It is a rounded, conical-shaped peak, covered with broken
granite rocks. There are several lesser peaks to the north.
Grand County, Mount Waas, i8g8. — The station is 43.6 feet from the geodetic station, 14° ic/.8
west of south. The geodetic station is on the highest point of the third principal proniinent peak from
the north end of the La Sal Mountains.
Grand County, Warner Ranch, 1893.— The. station on Warner's ranch near Moab was west of his
dwelling house, and about 100 feet south of an irrigation ditch near the edge of the woods.
Juab County, Mount Nebo, 1 88 j.— The station is 51.6 meters from the geodetic station in the line
to Sanpete geodetic station. The geodetic station is situated upon the southernmost summit of the
mountain.
Juab County, Nephi, i88j. — The station is in the open lot across the street and northwest from
the court-house. It is 236 feet 7 inches from the northeast corner of the court-house. The northeast
comers of the schoolhouse and court-house are in line with the station. It is marked by an irregular
stone, with a drill hole, sunk flush with the surface of the ground.
Millard County, Deseret, 1884. — ^The station is about 150 meters north of the railroad depot at
Deseret station on the Utah Central Railroad.
Millard County, Scipio, 1884. — The station is 22.5 meters from the geodetic station, 39° 7^.5 >vest
of north. The geodetic station is located upon the dome-like king summit of the Oak Creek range of
mountains.
Piute or Beaver County, Tamarac, 188$. — No description.
Piute County, Tushar, 188^, — The station is on the line Tushar geodetic station — Mount Nebo
geodetic station, 19.8 meters from the former. The geodetic station is on the northernmost of the
three highest peaks in the Tushar Range, the backf)one of which range forms the boundary between
Piute and Beaver counties. The peak is locally known as Mount Belknap.
Sanpete County, IVasatch, i8go, — The station is 62 feet i>^ inches from the geodetic station on the
line to Mount Ellen geodetic station. The geodetic station is 18 miles east of the town of Mayfield,
in the range of mountains known locally as Wasatch Range. It is on a small table in the southern
part of the range, there being nothing as high to the south of it, although there are one or two peaks
nearly so. On the north of this table is a canyon in which a small stream runs which flows into
Ferron Creek ; this branch is called the south fork of Ferron Creek. On the south side of the table is
Muddy Creek canyon. Station is about 4 miles due east of Baldy Peak.
382 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
UTAH—Continued.
Salt Lake County ^ City Creek ^ ^^93* — ^The station is located on a low ridge (east and west) of the
Wasatch Mountains, and is 2^ miles north of Salt Lake City. It is reached by proceeding north
along the road which is the continuation of State street. It is marked by a granite post 7 inches
square on top, with a copper bolt.
Salt Lake County ^ Salt Lake City, /8gj. — The station is 23.16 feet west of the east wall and 30.6
feet north of the south wall of the Temple Block. It is also 33.5 feet east of the Temple Block
azimuth station.
Tooele County , Lake Shore ^ 188/.— The station is south of the Lake Shore bench 163 feet.
Tooele County, Mount Guyot (Deseret), i8g2. — ^The station is immediately east of the geodetic
station which is on the summit of the highest peak of the Onaqui Mountains.
Utah County, Provo, 1883. — The station is in the public square, 177 feet 3 inches from the south-
east corner of the court-house and 173^ feet from the northwest comer of a dwelling house across
the street. Prolongations of the east side of the court-house and of the north side of the aforesaid
dwelling house intersect at the station. It is marked by a stone 8 inches by 10 inches by 6 inches,
with a cross mark upon it, sunk flush with the surface of the ground.
Weber County, Ogden, 1886.— The station is near the observatory on the west bank of the Weber
River, directly opposite the town, and a little more than a mile from the court-house. It is 30 meters
due south of the east pier in the west room of the observatory.
Weber County, Ogden, /888.— The station is on a peak of the Wasatch Range of mountains about
4 miles east from the town of Ogden.
VERMONT.
Chittenden County, Burlington, /8p8, — Station is the south stone of the meridian line on uie
campus of the University of Vermont, in the rear of the buildings. It is marked by a granite post
with a copper bolt. North stone is 719.3 feet distant, and projects about 6 inches above ground. The
mark or range was the rod on the cupola of the college barn, and bears 35® 33^.7 east of true south.
/Jutland County, /Jutland, /8p8. — Station is in a lot owned at present by F. L. Sherwin. It is
marked by a marble post 6 by 6 inches, set in concrete. About 750 feet true north of this stone is set
U. S. C. & G. S.
a similar post marking the true meridian. Both stones are marked on top 18 Q 9<^ Messrs.
Meridian mark.
L. W. Fuller, J. Stickney, and G. W. Ross all know the location of these stones. South meridian
stone is on the west side of Lincoln boulevard, just inside the fence at its southern end, between
Kendell and Roberts avenues. North meridian stone is just south of schoolhouse at the corner of
Crescent street and Lincoln boulevard. The mark or range was the rod on the schoolhouse cupola,
and bears 0° 57^.7 east of true north.
Washington County, Montpelier, i8g8. — Station is in the meridian line on campus of Montpelier
Seminary. The south meridian stone is 349.4 feet south of magnetic station, and north stone is 49.2
feet north of station. These stones are granite posts, 8 by 8 inches, and 1% feet long, tops projecting
U. S. C. & G. S.
about 8 inches above gronnd. Stones are marked 18 Q 9^
Meridian.
Windham County, Brattleboro, i8g8. — The magnetic station and meridian line are inside the race
track of the Valley Association fair grounds, which are about 1^ miles from the depot. Station is
near the north side of the race track, and is the north end of the meridian line. It is marked by a
granite post 8 by 8 inches by 3>4 fee* long, buried 3 feet in the ground. Top of stone lettered
U. S. C. & G. S.
18 O 98 Due south 592 >4 feet a similar granite post is set. This stone is not lettered. Mr.
Meridian.
George Hines knows the location of these stones. The mark or range is the finial on Richardson's
barn, and bears 13° 20^.0 west of true south.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 383
VIRGINIA.
Accomac County^ Accomac^ ^Sgj, — ^The station is located in the large open lot just west of the court-
house square. It is near the southern edge of the lot and near the road. The point is marked by a
heavy granite post, sunk 4 feet in the ground. It is lettered on the top U. S. C. S., with a small hole
and bolt marking the exact point. At the north side of this lot, near the fence, another granite post
was sunk marking the true meridian. The tops of these stones €u-e dressed 4 inches square and project
about 4 inches above the surface of the ground.
Albemarle County ^ Charlottesville ^ igoo. — Observations were made over a point 27 meters from the
north stone of the meridian line established in the athletic grounds of the University of Virginia in
1897, in the direct line joining this stone and the first chimney visible to the right of the university
museum, and just appearing above the surface of the ground under the trees. The mark or range used
was the edge of the gatepost seen almost in the same direction as the chimney described above. This
mark or range bears 0° 34^.8 west of true south. The northeast vane on the tower of the museum bears
6® 49^.2 east of true south. The center of the south stone of the meridian line bears 0° 12''. 2 east of
true south.
Albemarle County^ Charlottesville^ igoi. — The station is 27 meters south of the north stone of the
meridian line on the athletic grounds of the University of Virginia, as near the station of 1900 as could
be determined. The mark or range used was the northeast vane on the tower of the university museum
and bears 7^ 44^.9 east of true south.
Albemarle County ^ Greenwood^ igoo. — Observations were made over a brass nail in a locust post
2% feet long, 4>^ inches in diameter, and set about flush with the ground. It was located on the estate
of the late Dr. G. Roy Baylor, about 3 miles south of Greenwood station, Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad.
It is 1 1 1.5 feet west of the residence and is 66 feet north of the underground ice house. It is about 150
yards east and about 50 yards south of the old magnetic station on these grounds. The mark or range
used was the rod on the central gable of a house about 2% miles distant. This mark or range bears 39^
05^.3 east of true north.
Alexandria County, Cherrydale, igoo. — Observations were made over the magnetic station estab-
lished in the grounds of the residence of Mr. E. D. Preston at Cherrydale, and over the same point
where observations were made in 1896, 1897, 1898, and 1899. It is 142 feet \% inches from a tack in
the porch of Mr. Preston*s house, and east of it. The angle at the tack on the porch, between the mag-
netic station and Fairfax Seminary spire equals 73° 55'. The angle at the magnetic station between
the Washington Monument and the Fairfax Seminary spire equals 72° 14' 42^^.5, and between Fairfax
Seminary spire and the tack on the porch equals 105^ 48^. The mark or range used was the Fairfax
Seminary spire. This mark or range bears 11® 48^.4 east of true south.
Alleghany County, Covington, igoo. — Observations were made over a stub driven in the ground
near the center of a block of land bounded by Prospect avenue, Munro, McCurdy, and Highland streets.
It is behind the Intermont Hotel, in a field which belongs to Mr. G. D. Kline, estate agent. This
stub is approximately "in line with the center of the east wing of this hotel, about 73 and 135 feet,
respectively, from the south and east fences of the field in which it is situated. It is about 300 yards
east of the point in the garden of the old McCurdy Hotel, where observations were made in 1873 and
in 1881, which is no longer suitable for magnetic observations. The McCurdy Hotel has been burned.
The mark or range used was the spire of the colored Baptist church. This mark or range bears
18° 29^.3 west of true south. The point on the tower of the public school bears 68° 28^.4 west of true
north. The point of the tower of the court-house bears 54° 07^.1 west of true north. The point on
the tower of the Catholic church bears 38° 48^.9 east of true south.'
Amelia County, Amelia, igoi, — ^A meridian line 360.4 feet long was established onthe court-house
grounds. It is marked by two limestone posts 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 9 inches above ground
and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. S. M., respectively. Observations were made at
the north stone. The mark or range used was the tip of the roof on a small white house which bears
0° 32^^ east of true south.
Amherst County, Amherst, igoi. — A meridian line 233 feet long was established in the public
school grounds. It is marked by two limestone posts 6 inches square, projecting about 6 inches above
ground, andiettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. S. M., respectively. Observations were
made over the south stone. The southeast corner of the Baptist church bears 1° 51'' west of true north.
384 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902,
VIRGINIA— Continued.
Appomattox County^ Appomattox ^ igoi. — Observations were made in what was formerly the
court-house yard over the north stone of a meridian line established about twenty years before by a
local surveyor. The post is of granite i foot square, projecting about 3 feet above ground. The mark
or range used was the south stone about three-quarters of a mile away, which bears 3° 04^.6 east of true
south, showing that the line is in error by that amount.
Appomattox County^ IVest Appomattox^ jgoi. — A meridian line was established on the court-
house grounds, and marked by two limestone posts, 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 8 inches above
ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. S. M., respectively. • Observations
were made at a point about 12 feet due north of the north stone and also over the south stone. From
the south stone the Presbyterian church spire bears 79° 20'' east of true south.
Augusta County^ Staunton, igoo. — Observ^ations were made over the heavy limestone pillar planted
here by the U. S. C. & G. S. This pillar is set firmly in the ground, with its top projecting i foot
above the grass. It is i foot square, with a small hole marking the center. This stone pillar is upon
the highest point of the hill, south of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway and the water tank. This
hill is about 100 feet above the railway. The pillar is about 400 feet from the railway track, between
a large tree, the only one in the field, and the fence bounding the oak grove, west of it. There is a
ledge of limestone rock projecting above the grass, 300 feet north of this stone pillar. The mark or
range used was the spire of the Presbyterian church. This mark or range bears 4® 45^.2 east of true
north.
Augusta County^ Burketown^ igoo. — Observations were made over a point three-fourths of a mile
south of Burketown, on the Valley pike, in the field of Mr. Butler Burke, on one side of which is the
Valley pike and on the other the county road. It is about 13 miles north of Staunton, Va., and it is
97.15 feet distant from the 13-mile post and 79.15 and 47 feet, respectively, from the centers of the
county road and the Valley pike. It is also distant 83.65 and 36.15 feet, respectively, from a small
locust tree on the west side of the pike and from a black walnut tree. The mark or range used was
the rod on a bam, across the county road. This mark or range bears 49** 10. ■'i -west of true south.
Bath County y Watyn Springs ^ igoo, — Observations were made over a limestone rock, already
planted as the south stone of a meridian line, established some twenty years ago by a local surveyor,
Mr. Michael Mustoe. This stone is in the court-house lot, 54 feet from the southwest corner of the
court-house building. It is distant 42.1, 25.35, and 51.2 feet, respectively, from three small maple trees
standing near the plank fence west of the court-house. The north stone of this meridian line is about
800 yards north of the south stone, in the grounds of the Warm Springs Hotel Company. It is cut off
by trees. The mark or range used was the edge of a house near the stable of the Warm Springs
Hotel. This mark or range bears 3® 24-^.8 east of true north. The point of the monument to Col.
W. D. Erwin bears 17° 36^.9 west of true south. The point of the monument to Thomas B. McCallister
bears 22° 35^.9 west of true south. The point of the monument to G. H. Fry bears 25® 20''. 7 west of
true south. The Presbyterian church spire l)ears 84° 48 '.9 west of true south.
Bedford County^ Bedford City, igot.—K meridian line was established on the grounds of
Randolph Macon Academy. It is marked by two limestone posts, 6 by 8 inches, prpjecting about 6
inches above ground and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. S. M., respectively.
The south stone is at the foot of the walk leading to the main entrance of the school building and the
north stone is about 600 feet distant, near the baseball grounds. Observations were made over the
south stone. The mark or range used was the north spire of the Episcopal church steeple, and bears
71° 23''.5 east of true south.
Botetourt County^ Fincastle, jgo2. — The station is in the schoolhouse grounds 37.6, 31.0 and 155
feet, respectively, from the west fence, the north fence, and the southwest comer of the schoolhouse.
The station is marked by a stone 6 by 7 inches projecting 3 inches above ground. The Episcopal
church spire bears 30° 42^ west of true north, the Presbyterian church spire 16° 04' east of true
north, and the Methodist church spire 66° 31^ east of true north.
Buckingham^ County ^ Buckingham, igoi. — A meridian line 198 feet long was established in a
pasture belonging to Mr. Garnett, who lives about one-third of a mile southeast of the court-house. It
is west of his dwelling and about 300 feet west of the pasture fence. It is marked by two limestone
pofits, 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 6 inches above ground and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 385
VIRGINIA— Continued.
U. S. C. & G. S. S. M., respectively. Observations were made over the south stone. The mark or
range used was the east edge of chimney on Mr. Grigg*s house, and bears 39° 10^.5 west of true
south.
Campbell County y Lynchburg ^ i^i. — The station is located on the bluff just across James River
and opposite the city of Lynchburg. It is in line with the eastern edge of Twelfth street when
extended across the river. The point is marked by the center of a small hole in a sandstone rock,
which rock is sunk 2 feet in the ground, and stands 3 inches above the ground. This stone is 21.5
feet from the corner of Jacob Myers's garden and 36.7 feet from the comer of John Acres* garden.
The spire of the large brick Baptist church bears 61° ^"f west of true south. The Catholic church spire
bears 86° 25'' west of true south.
Campbell County ^ Rustburg^ igoi, — ^A meridian line 230 feet long was established in the public
school grounds. It is marked by two limestone posts, 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 6 inches above
ground and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. S. M., respectively. Observations
were made at a point 14 feet from the south stone in the direction of the south end of the roof of a
small house, which bears 82° 20^ east of true south.
Carroll County ^ Hillsvilley igo2. — The station is in front of the court-house near the middle of
the main street 84.5, 49.0, 95.5, and 109.8 feet, respectively, from the southeast and northeast corners
of the Tipton Building and the northwest and southwest comers of the court-house. The station is
marked by an irregular stone i foot in diameter, set with its top about 2 inches below the surface.
Another stone was placed due south, just in front of the steps to Johnson & Early's store, projecting
about 3 inches above ground. The mark or range used was the Presbyterian church spire and bears
18° 58''. 7 east of true south.
Charles City County ^ Charles City^ igoi. — A meridian line 168 feet long was established in the
court-house yard. It is marked by two Bedford limestone posts 6 by 8 inches, projecting 7 inches
above grotmd, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and XJ. S. C. & G. S. S. M., respectively. Obser-
vations were made over the south stone, which is 108 feet from the nearest comer of the court-house
and 84.7 feet from the side of the jail. The mark or range used was the south side of the window in
blacksmith's shop, and bears 75® 21^.7 west of true south.
Charlotte County , Smithville^ i^i. — A meridian line 197.8 feet long was estabhshed in the public
school grounds. It is marked by two limestone posts 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 9 inches above
ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. , respectively. Observations were
made at the north stone. The mark or range used was the south edge of the north chimney at the
northeast end of a brick house, and bears 85° 1 1^.6 west of true north.
Clarke County ^ Winchester^ igoo, — Observations were made over a point in the Mount Hebron
cemetery in the pathway, directly in front of and west pf the Rouss monument. The point is distant
5 feet from the east edge and 7 feet from the west edge of this path and 126.48 feet from the base of
this C. B. Rouss monimient. It is also distant 104.9 ^^'^ 127.8 feet, respectively, from the edge of the
sill of the gate and from the acorn of the tablet of this monument. The mark or range used was the
rod to the spire to the court-house above the gilt ball. This mark or range bears 52° 34''. 3 east of true
south. The center of the cross on the Catholic church bears 71® 47^.5 east of true north. The center
of the cross on the Presb3rterian church bears 81° 38^.6 east of true north. The spire above wing on
the German Reform church beeirs 81® 44''. 6 east of true south. The cross on the Lutheran church
bears 63° 22^.5 east of true south.
Craig County y New Castle ^ 1^2. — The station is in the south corner of the court-house yard, 11.7,
13.9, and 95.0 feet, respectively, from the southeast fence, the southwest fence and the east corner of
the coiurt-house. Th^ station is marked by a granite post, 6 by 9 inches, projecting about 6 inches
above ground. The mark or range used was the flag pole on the Bel Air Hotel, and bears 18® 33^.6
west of true south. The flag pole on the Craig City Inn bears 5° 55^.4 east of true north.
Culpeper County ^ Culpeper^ igoo. — Observations were made over a point 17 meters east of the south
stone of the meridian line established in the Southern Railway stockyards in 1897 in a line joining
the center of this stone and the cupola of the court-house. These stockyards are about one-half a mile
east of the town of Culpeper and north of the Southern Railway track. This south meridian stone
stands near the corner of the lot and near the summit of the ridge. It is a granite post 3 feet long,
27478—02 25
386 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
VIRGINIA— Continued.
set 34 inches in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. S., with a small hole marking
the center. There is a nortli meridian stone set 170 meters true north of this stone, but not lettered.
The mark or range used was the central rod on the cupola of the court-house. This mark or range
bears 72'' 55^.2 west of true south.
Cumberland County ^ Cumberland^ igoi. — A new meridian line was established and marked by-
two limestone posts 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 6 inches above g^und. The south stone is in the
court-house yard near the south fence and is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. The north stone is about
700 feet distant and is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. Observations were made over the nortli stone,
from which the northwest comer of the court-house bears 6° 49^.7 west of true south.
A meridian line previously established by a local surveyor was tested by setting up over the north
and pointing upon the approximate centers of the other two stones. The bearing of the south stone
was found to be 0° 02^^ west of true south and of the middle stone ,0° 04^ west of true south.
Dinwiddie County^ Dinwiddle^ igot. — A meridian line was established and marked by two granite
posts 7 inches square at the top and projecting about 7 inches above ground. The north stone is near
the northwest comer of the court-house yard. The south stone is 357.2 feet distant on the south line
of the court-house property. Observations were made at the north stone. The mark or range used
was the lightning rod near the south end of Mr. Stem's house, and bears 64° 42^.7 east of true north.
Dinwiddie County^ Petersburg ^ i^i. — A meridian line about i 000 feet long was established at
the city waterworks, to the southeast of the city. It is marked by two granite posts 8>^ inches square
at the top and projecting about 4 inches above ground. They are on the north and south banks of
the lake northwest of the pump house. Observations were made at the south stone. The mark or
range used was the middle of a chimney on the tobacco stemmery, and bears 2® 18^.2 west of true
north.
Elizabeth City County^ Old Point Comfort, /go2. — ^The station is on the point west of the light-
house.
Fair/ax County, Fairfax , igoo. — Observations were made over a granite post 3 feet long, 6 by 6
inches on top, and lettered U. S. C. S., with a small hole marking the center. This granite post was
located in the southwest corner of the court-house grounds at Fairfax. A similar granite post was
placed due north of this post in the court-house square, between the county jail and the court-house.
This post is not lettered, but it has a small hole in its top marking the center. The meridian line
established by the county sm^eyor is in error 0° 44^. 1 west of true north or o" 44^. i east of true south.
The mark or range used was the tall slender monument in the graveyard northwest of the station.
This mark or range bears 64® 39^.9 west of true north. Observations were also made over this point
in 1897.
Fauquier County, Alwington, igoo. — Observations were made at a series of points in this vicinity
in order to test the availability of this region for a magnetic observatory. The main station was at
Alwington, in the front garden of Mr. Scott Nesbit. A traverse line was run out with a compass
declinometer. Observations were also made at Calverton, 8 miles east of Alwington. The observa-
tions indicated that Alwington is a greatly disturbed magnetic region.
Fauquier County, Calverton, igoo, — About 8 miles east of Alwington.
Fauquier County, Rectortown, igoo. — Observations were made over a point in the old town about
one-half a mile from the railway, back of a brick building and store now occupied by Mr. Lewis, on
land which is the property of Mr. Price. It is on level ground and in line with the west wall of this
store building, 209.4 feet north of the northwest corner of the store. It is also east of a ledge of
rocks and in line with an inch iron bolt set in one of these rocks and the tower of the school building,
which is west of the station. The mark or range used was the spire of a church. This mark or
range bears 41° 04^.6 east of true south.
Floyd County, Buffalo, /8gj. — At the geodetic station on the summit of Buffalo Mountain.
Fluvanna County, Palmyra, igoi. — A meridian line was established and marked by two limestone
posts 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 6 inches above ground. The south stone is in the northwest
comer of the court-house grounds and is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. The north stone is on the
edge of a field belonging to Judge Sheppard, 653 feet from the south stone, and is lettered U. S. C. &
G. S. N. M. Ol>servations were made over both stones and at a point 65 feet southwest of the north
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 387
VIRGINIA— Continued.
stone and 15 feet west of the meridian line. The latter place proved to be locally disturbed. From
the north stone the northwest corner of the Methodist church bears 6° 21^ east of true south.
Franklin County ^ Rockymouni^ igoi. — A meridian line was established and marked by two
limestone posts 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 6 inches above ground. The south stone is near the
northwest corner of the public school grounds, about 20 feet from the north fence and 12 feet from
the road on the west, and is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. The north stone is about 600 feet distant
on Mr. Thomas Webb's lawn near the north fence and is lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. Observa-
tions were made over the south stone. The southwest comer of Mr. Webb's house bears i** 31'' east
of true north.
Giles County^ Pearisburgy igo2. — The station is in the public school grounds, 43 feet 10 inches, 31
feet, and 76 feet 11 inches, respectively, from the northwest, southwest, and south comers of the school
building. It is marked by a cedar post 8 inches in diameter, set flush with the surface of the ground.
The Presbyterian church spire bears 35° I3''.4 west of true north. The court-house spire bears 33° 5i''.9
west of true north.
Gloucester County, York River, 1^2. — ^The station is on a small island at the mouth of the York
River, opposite Tue Marshes Light-House.
Goochland County, Goochland, igoi, — A meridian line 178 feet long was established on the court-
house grounds. It is marked by two limestone posts 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 6 inches above
ground, and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. S. M., respectively. Observations
were made over the north stone. The mark or range used was a windmill 3 miles distant and bears
56® 25^.6 west of true south.
Grayson County, Oldtown, igo2. — The station is on the lot of W. R. Warrick near the Methodist
Episcopal church, 9.5 feet south of the building line and 31.5 and 53.0 feet, respectively, from the
southeast and southwest comers of the lot. It is marked by a soapstone monument about i foot in
diameter, projecting 2 inches above the ground. The mark or range used was the spire on J. B.
Waugh's house, about one-fourth mile distant, and bears 14° 49^. i west of true south. The gable of
house of J. C. Reavis bears 31° 41^.4 west of true south.
Grayson County, Rogers, i8g4, — ^The station is 3 miles by trail from Elk Garden, which is 18
miles by road southeast of Chilhowie. It is marked by a drill hole, intersecting grooves, and the
letters U. S. C. S. cut on a large rock on the summit of the mountain.
Greene County, Stanardsville, igoo, — Observations were made over a sandstone rock 30 inches
long, set 25 inches in the ground, 7 by 10 inches on top, with a small hole marking the center. This
stone was placed upon lands of Mrs. A. B. Monday, one-fourth of a mile west of the town, upon a slight
rise north of the pike. It is 79.9 feet north of a small cedar tree in a fence row, in line with two
prominent bowlders in this pasture field, between it, the cedar tree and the pike. It is distant 20.5,
43.4, and 90 feet, respectively, from the first bowlder, the second bowlder, and the center of the pike
or public road. The mark or range used was the center rod on the court-house spire. This mark or
range bears 77® 38^.0 east of true south. The Methodist church spire bears 82** 24^.7 east of true south.
The Episcopal church spire bears 85° 42^.9 east of true north.
Greenville County, Emporia, iSgy. — The station is located in a large open lot in the northwestern
section of the town. This lot belongs to the county. The station is near the southern edge of the
lot, in front of the high school building. It is marked by a heavy granite post sunk 4 feet in the
ground. This post is dressed 4 inches square at its top and is lettered U. S. C. S. with a small hole
and bolt marking the exact point. It extends about 4 inches above the earth's surface. North of the
post, in the northern section of the lot, another heavy granite post was sunk marking the true
meridian.
Halifax County, Houston^ ^^97' — The station is located in a vacant lot just southwest of the court-
house. It is on the west side of the lot which is owned by Mrs. Boldru. A granite post was set 25
meters north of the magnetic station. This stone is 4 feet long and 6 inches square, is set 3>^ feet in
the ground, and is lettered on top U. S. C. S. It is 15 meters from the fence along the north and south
road, about 100 meters from the southwest corner of the court-house grounds, and 38 meters from the
fence in prolongation of the south line of the court-house grounds.
Hennco County, Richmond, ipo/.— The station of 1897 in the New Reservoir Park in the open
388 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
VIRGINIA— Continued.
space just south of the lake was reoccupied as near as could be determined. Since that time consid-
erable grading has been done, and in consequence the stones marking the meridian line have been
covered, the south stone now being buried 4 or 5 feet and the north stone a few inches.
Henry County^ Martinsville^ igoi. — Magnetic observations were made at four places in Martins-
ville, indicating considerable local disturbance. The first station* was in an open space west of the
public school, about 75 feet from the school building. A second station was 300 feet due south of the
first, at the edge of the public sidewalk. These proving unsuitable for the ends of a meridian line, a
place was selected about a quarter of a mile farther west, beyond the Norfolk and Western Railroad
track, on the property of Benjamin Lavinder. The north stone was placed on top of the hill nearest
to the public school bearing south 21° west from the schoolhouse. The south stone is 700 feet distant
in an orchard. These stones are of limestone, 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 9 inches above ground
and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. S. M., respectively. Observations were made
over both stones.
Highland County y Monterey y /$>oo. —Observations were made over a sandstone post 2% feet long,
set 27 inches in the ground, 4 by 6 inches on top, with a small hole marking the center. This stone
was placed on a hill called Academy Hill, northwest of the town and east of the graveyard, on land
which is the property of V. B. Bishop. It is in a direct line between the cupola of the court-house, dis-
tant 300 yards southwest of this rock, and a small apple tree, and nearly in the line of Spruce street if
it were prolonged to the northwest. It is distant 115.8 and 168.5 ^^^> respectively, from the northeast
corner of the recent addition to the graveyard, and from the marble stone marking the grave of
Josephine M. Golaw. The mcu'k or range used was the central rod on the cupola of the court-house.
This mark or range bears 21° 58^ west of true south. The spire of the Methodist church bears 18® 52'
east of true south. The center of the cupola on the Presbyterian church bears 27® 57^.6 west of true
south.
James City County ^ Williafnslmrgy 1887. — ^The station is about 380 feet northwest of the spire of
the William and Mary College and is marked by a stone post. The mark or range used was the base
of the iron rod on the college building and bears 28** 50'' east of true south.
Lancaster County, Rappahannock River^ H)02, — ^The station is a short distance back from Wind-
mill Point, on the north side of the mouth of the Rappahannock River.
Lee County y While Rocky iSgs, — At geodetic station. The station is on the line between Virginia
and Kentucky and about 3 miles by direct road and trail from Ewing, a station on the Louisville and
Nashville Railroad. It is marked by a drill hole, intersecting grooves, and the letters U. S. C. S. cut
on a large rock whose surface is nearly level with the ground.
Loudoun County y Leesburgy igoo, — Observations were made over the center of the north meridian
stone of the meridian line established by the U. S. C. & G. S. in 1897 in the playground on the west
side of the Leesburg Academy. The mark or range used was the south meridian stone of this meridian
line.
Loudoun County y Round Hilly igoo. — Observations were made over the same point occupied in
1897 in the pasture field of Mr. Lodge, who owns the store nearest the railway station. The field is
on the north side of the railway, and the point is in the north side of the field about 33 feet south of
the stone fence. It is 24 and 61.7 feet from the nearest side of a cherry tree and a locust tree, one
northeast and the other northwest of this point. The latitude, longitude, and true meridian were
determined at a point south and a little west of this spot with a zenith telescope in 1897. The mark
or range used was the cupola of a barn across the railway. This mark or range bears 1° 31^.4 west of
true south.
Louisa County y Louisay igoi. — A meridian line 376 feet long was established in Senator Bibb's
orchard, about one-fourth mile northwest of the court-house. It is marked by two limestone posts, 6
by 8 inches, projecting about 6 inches above ground and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C.
& G. S. S. M., respectively. Observations were made at the south stone, which is about 30 feet from
the south fence of the orchard and 150 feet from the east fence. The mark or range used was the
south edge of the chimney on Haley's schoolhouse and bears 34° 30^.6 east of true south.
Madison County , Madison, jgoo. — Observations were made over a red sandstone rock, set level
with the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, with a small hole marking the center. This stone was placed in
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 389
VIRGINIA— Continued.
the grounds of Congressman James Hay, in an apple orchard, and northet.st of his house. It is dis-
tant 28.5 feet from a picket fence and is 35.45 feet southwest of a large cherry tree. The cupola of the
court-house is seen directly over the center of the new brick county jail, and it was used as the mark
or range. This mark or range bears 88° 08'. 6 west of true north.
Montgomety County^ Chrisiiansburg ^ 7^97.— Two granite posts about 6 inches square were set to
mark a true north and south line. The north stone is nearly on the south line of Mill street and
about 3 meters west of the west side of a lane extending up the ridge from a point about 100 meters
east of the railroad station. It is on the west side of the summit of the ridge nearly 2uo meters east of
the colored school. The south stone is on Main street about i meter from the east fence, about 200
meters from the north stone, and about 50 feet north of the deepest gully. The magnetic station was
about 20 meters from the north stone, exactly in line to the Presbyterian church spire. This spire was
used as mark or range and bears 30° I4^*3 west of true south.
Nansemond County ^ Mines , 1887. — The station is about 150 feet north of the boundary station.
The boundary station is on the road to Jones^nlle, near Dr. Hines's office. It is marked by a granite
post set in the stump of an oak tree at the crossroads. Dr. Hines's house is about one-half mile west
of Dismal Swamp.
Nelson County^ Loving sion^ igoi, — A meridian line was established and marked by two limestone
posts, 7 by 10 inches, projecting about 6 inches above ground and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. and
U. S. C. & G. S. N. M., respectively. Obser\'ations were made over the south stone, which is in a field
belonging to Mr. Edward Kidd, county clerk. The north stone is about 600 feet distant, in the court-
house yard. The mark or range used was the southeast comer of the colored church and bears 62° 43^.0
west of true north.
New Kent County y New Kenty igoi,^^ meridian line 202 feet long was established in the court-
house yard. It was marked by two Bedford limestone posts, 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 6 inches
above ground and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. S. M., respectively. Observations
were made over the south stone. The mark or range used was the southeast comer of the chimney on
Mr. Vaiden*s house and bears 78° 29^.6 west of true north.
Norfolk County y Dismal Swamp Canal y 1886, — ^The station is about 100 feet north of the boundary
stone. This stone is on the Dismal Swamp Canal, about 4 miles south of Wallaceton. It is on the east
edge of the road that runs along the eastern side of the canal and not more than 20 feet from the canal.
Norfolk County y Norfolky 18^7. — ^The station is located in the northeastern suburbs of the city, in
The New City Park. It is in the open space just south of the road leading to the new pavilion.
It is marked by a heavy granite post sunk 4 feet in the ground. The top of this post is dressed 4
inches square and is lettered U. S. C. S. with a small hole and bolt marking the exact point. It extends
about 4 inches above the surface of the ground. The true meridian is marked by this stone and
another heavy granite post north of this one, near the woods.
Nottoway County y Nottoway y igoi. — A meridian line 199.4 feet long was established on the
court-house grounds. It is marked by two limestone posts, 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 6 inches
above ground and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. N. M., respectively.
Observations were made at the south stone, from which the northwest comer of Deans's store bears
83° 55^ east of true south. A merdian line established some years ago by a local surveyor was tested
by means of azimuth observations made over the approximate center of the middle stone. These
observations show that the line bears 0° 12^ west of true north.
Northampton County y Cape Charles Cityy igoo. —The station is located on a small sand hill on the
bay shore. It is at the foot of the main street extended, and in line with the northern row of
Cottonwood trees which are on the edge of this street. It is 17 feet from a pine tree and 75 feet from
the shore end of the stone breakwater. It is marked with a solid oak post sunk 2% feet in the ground.
The mark or range used was the central rod of the range light-house on the end of the breakwater
and bears 77° 13^.7 west of true south.
Orange County, Orange, igoo. — Observations were made over a soft sandstone rock, with a small
cross marking the center. This undressed sandstone rock is upon the land of William C. Williams,
superintendent of the public school, one-fourth of a mile southeast of the Southern Railway station.
It is in the center of a small horse lot north of Mr. Williams's barn and southeast of his brick house.
390 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
VIRGINIA— Continued.
It is distant 233.5, 54.2, and 80.7 feet, respectively, from Mr. Williams's porch and from the south and
west fences of this horse lot. The mark or range used was the west edge of the east window in the
barn on the hill one-fourth of a mile northeast of the station. This mark or range bears 14° 32^.4
east of true north. The center of a shaft on a prominent tombstone bears 44° 34^.7 east of true south.
The rod on the cupola of the court-house, seen through the trees, bears 28° 23^.9 west of true north.
The northeast edge of the brick pillar (at the brick band 5 feet up) of the porch to Mr. Williams's
house bears 73° 26^.0 west of true north.
Page County^ Luray^ igoo, — Observations were made over a limestone rock, 3 feet Jong, set
30 inches in the ground, 5 by 9 inches on top, with a small hole marking the center. This stone was
placed in the grounds of the Luray Caverns Company, east of the Norfolk and Western Railway, and
south of the avenue of trees leading to the ruins of the hotel. It is on the slope of a hill, not quite
at its highest level, is west of the ruins of the Luray Inn and a clump of bushes. It is 44.6 feet south
of the south driveway and 137. i feet southwest of the southwest comer of the southwest limestone
column of the old hotel. The mark or range used was the cupola of the school building. This mark
or range bears 62° 37''. 9 west of true north. The acorn on the cupola of the county jail bears 65** 58^.8
west of true north. The northeast edge of the tower of the court-house bears 68® 56^.4 west of true
north. The spire of the Lutheran church bears 48° 52^.6 east of true north.
Patrick County, Stuart , igor, — A meridian line was established on property of W. W. Moir. This
property is about 500 yards northwest of the court-house and 250 yards north of the tanyard, just
south of Mr. Rucker's orchard and southwest of the highest point on Indian Grave Ridge. It is
marked by two limestone posts, 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 7 inches above ground and lettered
U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. S. M., respectively. The south stone is at the edge of
the woods, about 16 feet to the right of a path leading northward through the clearing. The north stone
is about 580 feet distant. Observations were made at a point 132 feet southwest of the south stone,
and also over the south stone.
Pittsylvania County, Chatham, igo/. — A meridian line about 350 feet long was established on the
grounds of the Episcopal College. It is marked by two limestone posts, 6' by 8 inches, projecting
about 8 inches above ground and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. & G. S. S. M.,
respectively. The south stone is near the southwest corner of the campus. Observations were made
at a point 66.9 feet from the south stone, in the direct line to the Baptist church spire, which was used
as a mark. Declination observations were also made over the two meridian stones. Prom the south
stone the Baptist church spire bears 83® 17^ west of true north. The Episcopal church spire bears
63° 52' west of true north.
Powhatan County, Powhatan, igoi. — A meridian line 249 feet long was established in the court-
house grounds. It is marked by two limestone posts, 6 by 8 inches, projecting about 7 inches above
ground and lettered U. S. C. & G. S. N. M. and U. S. C. &G. S. S. M., respectively. Observations
were made at the north stone. The mark or range used was the east edge of the chimney, at the
south end of the brick house occupied by Henry Johnson, colored, and bears 14® 11^.2 west of true
south.
Prince Edward County, Farmville, igoi, — A meridian line was established on the lot inclosed by
the race track, southwest of the town. It is marked by two limestone posts, 6 by 8 inches, projecting
about 8 inches above ground. The south stone is on the hilltop at the south end of the track, and is
lettered U. S. C. & G. S. S. M. The north stone is about 400 feet distant, and is lettered U. S. C. & G. S.
N. M. Observations were made at the south stone. The mark or range used was the Methodist
church spire, and bears 26** 08^.7 east of true north.
Princess Anne County, Cape Henry, iSgs^—On the beach between the old light-house and the
ocean, about 300 yards from the light-house.
Pnnce William County, Manassas, igoo. — Observations were made over a point located in the
private grounds of "Annaburg," the residence of Robert Portner, esq., in the open space on the north
side of the main drive, near a slight elevation where the brown slate comes near the surface; it is also
near the first bend in the farm road which leaves the main drive immediately to the east of the
gardener's lodge at the gate. It is distant 36.7, 45, and 67.6 feet, respectively, from the center of the
road, from the center of the first cedar tree on the right hand side of the farm road approaching from
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 39I
VIRGINIA— Continued.
the lodge, and from an adjacent white pine tree. The mark or range used was the center of the rod
on the Baptist church. This mark or range bears 18® 50^.5 east of true north. The cross on the
Episcopal church bears 55° 31 ''.9 east of true north. The spire of the Southern Methodist church bears
9® 54^.9 east of true north. The cross on the Catholic church bears 3° 05^.5 west of true north.
Pulaski County y Pulaski Cityy igo2. — The station is in the court-house yard 37.6 feet from the east
fence and 55.0 feet from the north fence. It is marked by a cubical block of stone, each dimension
I foot, set flush with tlie ground. The Baptist church spire bears 74° 19^.0 west of true north. The
Lutheran church spire bears 17° 50^.0 east of true north.
Rappahannock County^ Washington ^ rgoo. — Observations were made over a sandstone post 30
inches long set 27 inches in the ground, 5 by 5 inches on top, with a small hole marking the center.
It was placed on the land of Mrs. B. E. Hackly, about one-fourth of a mile southwest of the town.
This stone is upon the top of a slope west of the road, and 98.5 feet from the nearest comer of Mrs.
Hackly's brick house. A meridian stone has already been set in the gutter of the county road in
front of Mrs. Hackly *s house as the south meridian stone of a meridian line, but this meridian line
could not be tested and used. The mark or range used was the spire of the Baptist church. This
mark or range bears 68° 18^.5 east of true north. The west comer of the cupola of the court-house
bears 58** 18' east of true north. The Methodist church spire bears 49° 55^.1 east of true north.
Roanoke County ^ Saletn^ igoo, — The station is situated in a large vacant lot about three-fourths
mile north of Main street, at the foot of the ridge on which the Baptist orphanage stands. The lot is
across the road from a single dwelling house belonging to Judge Moffat, and occupied by his sister.
The station is almost in a line with the south end of this house. It is 70.5 feet from the center of the
most westerly of the three locust trees on the lot, and 72 feet from the center of the roadway bounding
the lot on the west side.
Rockbridge County y Goshen ^ igoo. — Observations were made in the grounds of the Alleghany
Hotel, on the hill, about 75 feet above the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, and south of the station.
It is upon the point of a hill on level ground, between some white oaks, and north of the road leading
to the hotel. It is distant 82.3 and 72 feet, respectively, from this road and from the edge of a bank.
It is distant 57.8, 49.6, 51, and 30.95 feet, respectively, from four white oaks. The mark or range
used was the spire of the Methodist church. This mark or range bears 4° $(/ west of true north.
The cupola of the hotel bears 70** 47^.0 west of true north. The Presbyterian church spire bears 6° 09^.5
west of true north.
Rockbridge County, Lexington ^ 18^7, — ^The station is located on the grounds of Washington and
Lee University, and is on the first hill south of the railroad and east of the railroad station. A granite
post 4 feet by 6 inches by 6 inches on top was set at the north end of the summit of this hill about
200 feet from the railroad. It was set 3 feet in the ground, and has the letters U. S. C. S. cut in its
top. It marks the south end of a meridian line. The magnetic station was located east of this stone
on the line to the azimuth mark, distant about 18 meters. A similar stone, excepting that it is not
lettered, marks the north end of the meridian .line. This stone extends about 10 inches above the
surface of the ground, and is about 10 meters south of the north fence of the property belonging to
the Washington and Lee University. The mark or range used was the end of the brick wall on the
north end of the Virginia Military Institute Building, and bears 68° 16^.9 east of true north.
Rockbridge County y Natural Bridge y igoo. — Observations were made over a stub driven in the
grounds of the present hotel at the Natural Bridge, the old hotel having been destroyed by fire. It is
distant 69.3, 61.5, 103.3, and 77.0 feet, respectively, from four cedars which stand between it and the
hotel. It is distant 50.85 feet from the corner of a frame summerhouse. The mark or range used
was the small white cross at the left-hand comer of the trellis border of the north end of the porch
of the studio of the Jefferson cottage. This mark or range bears 31° 4i''.9 west of true south. The
right-hand edge of the chimney of the dining room to hotel bears 17° 00^.7 east of true south. The
west edge of the west chimney of * * Witch wood ' ' bears 63° 10^.9 east of true north. The top of a sugar-
loaf mountain over the southwest corner of the slate roof dining room bears 4° 01^. i east of true south.
The southwest edge of the church bears 57° 14''. 4 east of true south.
Rockbridge County y North Mountain y 1884.— The station is located near the summit of the
mountain, a. few hundred yards from the comer of Rockbridge, Alleghany, and Botetourt counties.
392 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
VIRGINIA— Continued.
Rockingham County^ Elk ton ^ /goo. — Observations were made over a point about 150 yards east
of the Norfolk and Western Railway station, on the north side of the county road and upon the south
point of a hill upon which stand two churches. It is about 3 feet from the property line of the lots
laid off in the "boom town" of 1900. It is distant 166.3 f^^^ from a clump of four silver maples
standing on the north side of the county road. The mark or range used was the spire of the Presby-
terian church. This mark or range bears 35° 04^.8 east of true north. The spire of the Methodist
church bears 32® 46^.6 west of true north. The flagstaff on the north cupola of a summer-resort hotel
bears 53° 47''.9 west of true south.
Rockingham County^ Harrisonburg, igoo. — Observations were made over a point on the United
States property in the lawn east of the new brick building in which are the post-office and the United
States circuit court rooms. It is distant 82.57, io8.6, and 80.5 feet, respectively, from the granite
posts at the northeast and the southeast corners of tliis lawn and from the northwest comer of the
United States building. The mark or range used was the rod on the cupola of Mrs. Rohr's house.
This mark or range bears 9® 00^.2 east of true south. The Baptist church spire bears 15° 58^.7 east of
true south. The colored church spire bears 61° 59^.3 east of true north. The colored United
Brethren church spire bears 35® ii^.o west of true south. The spire of the Jewish synagogue bears
13° 52^.4 east of true south. The spire of the Lutheran church bears 41° 46^.0 east of true south. The
flag pole on the United States building bears 88° 06^.4 east of true south.
Scott County, Big Knob, /8gj. — At the geodetic station on Big Knob.
Shenandoah County, Strasburg, igoo. — 0bser\'ation8 were made over a limestone post 3 by 5
inches on top, set i foot in the ground and extending 2 inches above the surface of the ground. This
limestone post was located in tlie southeast comer of the old fort erected by General Banks, which is
on the top of the hill north of the town. It was placed on a slight rise about 15 feet from the
embankment of this fort. The stations formerly occupied at Strasburg can not now be used, as
streets have been opened since they were established. The mark or range used was the rod just
below the brass ball of the Presb3^erian church spire. This mark or range bears 17° 43^.5 west of
true south.
Shenandoah County, Woodstock, iSgj, — The station is located near the north end of the lot within
the race track at the fair grounds about a mile west of towm. A granite post 4 feet by 6 inches by 6
inches was set with its top about 8 inches above the ground to mark the north end of a meridian line.
It is about 72 meters northwest of the judge^s stand and 13 meters southeast of the inner fence of the
race track. It is lettered on top U. S. C. S., with a half -inch drill hole. A similar stone, excepting
that it is not lettered, marks the south end of the meridian. This stone is set about 5 meters from the
inner fence of the race track and about 8 meters east of the quarter-mile post, which is directly opposite
the judge's stand. The distance between the stones is about 160 meters. The magnetic station was
13 meters from the north stone in line with the left edge of the chimney of a house about one-half mile
distant used as a mark or range. This mark or range bears 51° 43' west of true south.
Smyth County, Marion, i8g8. — The station is located in the grounds of the Marion Female College
on the southwest comer of the middle terrace, and is marked by a marble post, the top of which is
about 2 inches above the surface of the ground. It is lettered on top U. S. C. G. S. 1898. Across
the street in a field and near the south fence a similar stone is set marking the meridian. The mark
or range used was the tower of the insane asylum, which bears 79® 21^.3 east of true north.
Spottsylvania County, Fredericksburg, igoo. — Observations were made over a granite stone, 3 feet
2636
long, set 3 feet in the ground, 6 by 6 inches on top, and marked -;- . The center of the cross marks
3
the center. This granite stone was placed on the terraced lawn of the Chatham House, on the hill
opposite the town, and across the Rappahannock River near the iron bridge. This house was built
by the Fitzhughs in 1729, and is well-known in this vicinity. The granite stone is distant 193.7 feet
from the foundation of the southeast wing of this house, 10.8 feet from the southeast edge of the upper
terrace southeast of the house, and 127.5 feet from the southwest edge of the terrace. This point is
distant about 1,000 feet from the magnetic station of 1856 on Browns Island, in the Rappahannock
River, which is no longer suitable for magnetic observations. The mark or range used was the iron
shaft on the court-house tower just below the gold ball. This mark or range bears 30® 24^.6 west of
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 393
VIRGINIA— Continued.
true south. The Baptist church spire bears 51° 01^.2 west of true south. The spire of the Episcopal
church bears 35° 38^.2 west of true south.
Stafford County ^ Stafford^ igoo. — Obser\'ations were made over a gran, post, the south end of
meridian line, set in the ground on the opposite side of the road from the court-Louse building. There
is a copper disk lettered U. S. C. &. G. S. set in the top of this granite post. The center of this disk
marks the point. A similar granite post was set 265.7 feet true north of this post, marking a true
meridian line. It is located in the northeast corner of the court-house square. The mark or range
used was the east edge of door frame of the house on the hill just west of north. This mark or range
bears 4° 47^.6 west of true north.
Tazewell County^ Tazewell ^ iSgS. — The station is located 41.8 feet almost south of the southeast
corner of the Tazewell College building. It is marked by a cylinder of blue limestone about i foot in
diameter, in which is set a copper disk lettered U. S. C. & G. S. True south, in the yard surrounding
Mr. J. G. Huston's house, a similar stone is set, thus marking the meridian. The mark or range used
was the spire of the Presbyterian church, and bears 3° 04^.2 east of true south.
IVarren County^ Front Royal ^ /goo. — Observations were made over a sandstone rock, 3 feet long,
set 31 inches in the ground, 4}4 by 6 inches on top, with a small hole marking the center. The letters
U. S. are cut on the north face of this stone. It was located in the grounds of the Randolph-Macon
Academy, which is on a hill northwest of the town a little over a fourth of a mile from the court-
house. This stone is set upon level ground 93.5 feet south of the academy building and south of the
driveway. The mark or range used was the spire of the Catholic church. This mark or range bears
29° 48^.6 east of true south. The cupola of the engine house bears 34° 26 '.4 east of true south. The
Methodist church spire bears 44° 46^.5 east of true south. The Episcopal church spire bears 61° 12''. 3
east of true south.
Washington County ^ Abingdon ^ ^Sgj. — Two granite posts, 6 inches square, were set to mark a
true meridian line. The north stone is in the road which, if extended to the north, would pass
between the reservoir and a private cemetery on top of Reservoir Hill. It is at the top of the first
ridge south of the railroad and 2 meters west of the east fence. The south stone is between 150 and
200 meters distant, just below the summit of the hill and about 10 meters northeast of a small locust
tree. The magnetic station is on the land of Gen. Arthur C. Cummings, directly in the prolongation
of the line from the rod on the court-house cup>ola to the north meridian stone and 31 meters from
the stone, in the eastern edge of a large grove. The mark or range used was the rod on the court-
house cupola, and bears 41 ° 46^.6 east of true north.
Washington County, Bristol, i8g8. — The station is in the grounds of the Southwestern Virginia
Institute, 107 feet from the front line of the grounds and 60 feet to the right of the center of the walk
leading to the main entrance of the building. It is marked by a Kentucky limestone projecting 3 or
4 inches above the surrounding ground and marked on top U. S. C. G. S. O 1898. A stone similar to
the one marking the station, but with no lettering, was placed in the meridian 120% feet south. One
hundred and twenty-six feet north a hole was drilled in the granite steps of the institute building and
filled with lead. The mark or range used was the tower of Kings College and bears 8° 20^.9 west of
true south.
Wythe County, Wytheville, i8g8. — The station is located on a hill back of Boyd's Hotel, and is
marked by a white limestone marked on top U. S. C. G. S. 1898. Due north, near the railroad,
opposite the Mountain View Hotel, a blue limestone was set, thus marking the meridian. The mark
or range used was the lightning rod on Mr. J. C. Allison's house, and bears 33° 02^ east of true north.
The flag pole on Boyd's Hotel bears 22° 43^ west of true north.
WASHINGTON.
Clallam County, Classet, /8gj. — A short distance to the east of the triang^lation station near
Classet village. It is on the second point west from Neah Bay, and is marked by a concrete pier 12
by 12 by 50 inches.
Clallam County, Dungeness, i8g2. — About 20 feet east of the triangulation station, which is
marked by a concrete pier rising about 7 feet above the surface of the sand. It is about 700 feet west
of Dungeness light-house.
394 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR I9(>2.
WASHINGTON— Continued.
Clallam County^ Slip^ i8g$, — A short distance southeast of the triangulation station of that name»
which is marked by a concrete pier. It is about a mile east of Slip Point, Clallam Bay.
Clallam County y Striped Peak, iSgj.—Neair the triangulation station of that name, which is
marked by a concrete pier 12 by 12 by 50 inches. It is about a mile east of Crescent Bay.
Clallam Court ty^ Tatoosh, i8gj. — Near triangulation station on Tatoosh Island, which is marked
by a brick pier, 1 14 meters east of the light-house.
Clallam County, Waadah, /Sgj. — About 30 meters south of the triangulation station of that name
on the northwest end of Waadah Island, on the northeasterly one of the two narrow points, marked
by a concrete pier 50 inches high.
Clark County, Vancouver, i8g^. — The station is on the military reservation, 124 meters from the
quartermaster's depot, a little to the right of the line of the major's house. It is marked by a granite
post having a pyramid-shaped top, projecting above ground. The mark or range used was the cross
on the Episcopal church, and bears 4° 38^ east of true north.
Jefferson County, Port Townsend, 1894. — In the block immediately back of the one on w^hich the
United States Marine Hospital formerly stood, about 15 paces from Franklin street and 30 paces from
Madison street. This block had been selected as the site for the new marine hospital.
King County, Seattle, igoo. — On the grounds of the University of Washington, about 6 miles from
the city. Station was marked by a stone lettered U. S. C. & G. S. This stone is 121^ feet from the
southeast edge of observatory, and i8>^ feet from the eastern edge of board walk, about 600 feet north
of the administration building.
King County, Seattle, igoo. — The station is in the old university grounds, 64 feet from the north-
east corner of the university building and 72 feet 9 inches from the northwest corner of the same
building.
Pacific County, Cape Disappointment, i8g^. — The station is in the northwest corner of the yard
surrounding the light-house keeper's dwelling, 21.2 feet from the comer of the house, 15.5 feet from
the north fence (inner edge of top stringer), and 15.3 feet from the east fence.
Pierce County, Tacofna, i8g4. — In Wright Park, 498^ feet due south of the astronomic station.
It is marked by a granite block 4 inches square on top, projecting about 3 inches above the west walk,
beside which it was planted. A second block was set 435^ feet farther south to mark a true meridian.
San Juan County, Bamboo, i8g4. — Twenty-five or 30 meters southwest of the triangulation station
on Point Caution, a low rocky point on the east side of San Juan Island.
San Juan County, Bellevue, i8g4. — Is 25 or 30 meters northeast of the triangulation station of the
same name on the west side of San Juan Island.
San Juan County, Clover, i8g4. — ^Tw^enty-five or 30 meters west of north of the triangulation sta-
tion on the east side of Henry Island at the north end of Mosquito Pass on a low gravelly point.
San Juan County, Doughty, i8g4. — Twenty-five or 30 meters southeast of the triangulation station
on the southwest point of Orcas Island.
San Juan County, Dry, i8g4. — Twenty-five or 30 meters to the east of the triangulation station on
the northwest point of Waldron Island.
San Juan County, Fairview, i8g4. — Twenty-five or 30 meters north of the triangulation station
in the southwest part of Orcas Island, on the southeast extremity of a low rocky point nearly abreast
of- the north end of Jones Island.
San Juan County, Goose, i8g4. — Twenty-five or 30 meters east of north of the triangulation station
on the highest part of Yellow Island near the southwest end.
San Juan County, Limestone, i8g4. — Twenty-five or 30 meters to the east of the triangulation
station on the west side of Orcas Island, nearly abreast of the south end of Waldron Island and about
80 meters north of Wheeler Brother's limekiln.
San Juan County, Mat, i8g4, — Twenty-five or 30 meters northeast of the triangulation station on
the southeast point of Shew Island.
San Juan County, Middleton, i8g4. — Is 25 or 30 meters southeast of the triangulation station on
Sandy Point, Waldron Island.
San Juan County, Morse Island, /8g4.— Is 25 or 30 meters to the north of triangulation station on
top of the rocky knob at the east end of Morse Island.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 395
WASHINGTON— Continued.
San Juan County^ Patos^ 1894, — Twenty-five or 30 meters west of north of the triangulation station
on Patos Island.
San Juan County y Rooty 1894. — ^Twenty-five or 30 meters east of north of the triangulation station
on the east side of West Sound, Orcas Island, about i mile north of Oak Island.
San Juan County ^ San Juan Island, ^897. — At the south end of San Juan Island at the south side
of the entrance to Fish Creek. Station is marked by a fir tree cul off 3 ^ feet above ground.
San Juan County , Spiedon^ 1894. — ^Twenty-five or 30 meters west of the triangulation station on
the highest point of the bare hill at the east end of Spieden Island.
San Juan County^ Shaw Island, i^95' — On a low spit on the north end of Shaw Island, about 5
meters from the east side of the spit. Station is marked by a fir post 4 feet high and i foot in
diameter.
San Juan County, Slope, 1894, —Twenty-five or 30 meters northwest of the triangulation station
on the point outside the west entrance to Friday Harbor, San Juan Island.
San Juan County, Windlass, 1894. — ^Twenty-five or 30 meters to the south of the triangulation
station on the east side of Henry Island, opposite the entrance to Garrison Bay. It is on a sand and
gravel spit about 200 meters south of the wood wharf.
Skagit County, Mount Vernon, igoo. — On the grounds of Mount Vernon graded school on the
east side of the town. Station was marked by a cedar post 6 inches in diameter 60 >^ feet from the
southwest corner of the school building and 86 feet from the southeast corner. The mark or range
used was the western edge of the slanting roof of the house of Mr. Northcutt, just opposite the
school building. Its true bearing is 39® 11^.2 west of north. The true bearing of the flag pole on
the court-house is 63** 55^.2 west of north.
Snohomish County, Everett, igoo, — In the court-house grounds. Station was marked by a pine
post 3 inches square, driven flush with the ground, 64.7 feet from the southwest corner of court-house,
123.5 feet from the northwest comer, and 32.5 feet south of flagstaff. The mark or range used was
the flagstaff of the Jefferson School, of which the true bearing is 61° ss'' west of south.
Stevens County, Russell, igoi. — Russell is the name of a projected town just south of the
international boundary and 2 miles south of Cascade, British Columbia. It lies on the south and
west sides of Kettle River, in the bend . made by the river to tlie south toward the Columbia.
Observations were made at a point 97.9 feet east and 26.5 feet south of boundary monument No. 43,
which is the second monument west of Kettle River. This monument is a pyramidal pile of stones
6 by 6 feet base and 6 feet high.
Thurston County, Olympia, 18^4, — ^Triangulation station Howard on land of Mr. Gilmore, marked
by a cedar block 12 by 12 by 60 inches, projecting about 3 feet above ground. A small observing hut
was left standing. The mark or range used was the flagstaff on the Washington School, of which the
true bearing is 9° 58'. i east of south.
Wallawalla County, Walla Walla, 1887. — In the vacant lot at the southeast corner of Fifth and
Poplar streets, opposite the front of St. Mary*s Hospital.
Whatcom County, New Whatcom, j poo.— In the northwest corner of the grounds of the State
Normal School, on a hill about i mile from the center of the town. Station is marked by a stone
post lettered U. S. C. & G. S., set 24.8 feet from the north fence and 93.8 feet from the west fence.
The mark or range used was the southwest corner of the stone coping around the first floor of the
school building. Its true bearing is 67® 31^.8 east of south. The true bearing of the northeast corner
of the same coping is 89° 48^.9 east of south.
WEST VIRGINIA.
Barbour County, Philippi, /^p^. —Observations were made over the north monument of the
meridian line at Philippi. It is located in the southern end of the town on a street running east and
west. This monument is on the land owned by C. A. W. Smith, the third lot west from Main street.
When the cross street is open, it will be on the curb of the sidewalk on the north side of the street.
The south monument is about 2 000 feet south of the northwest corner of the lot owned by Hon.
G. A. Dayton, M. C. It is located on the south side of a road running nearly east and west. These
monuments are heavy sandstone posts sunk several feet in the ground, with their tops extending
396 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
WEST VIRGINIA— Continued.
several inches out of the ground. The centers of copper disks set in the centers of the tops of these
monuments mark the ends of the true meridian line. The county surveyor, Mr. S. L. 0*Neal, knows
the location of these meridian monuments.
Berkeley County^ Martinsburg^ igoo. — Observ-ations were made over the south stone of the meridian
line established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. This stone is at the head of the
principal drive of Green Hill Cemetery, 13 feet west of the walk. It is a column of marble 40 by
8 by 6 inches, set 32 inches in the ground, with a copper plate in the center of the top. The mark or
range was the north meridian stone, 575 feet distant, 30 feet east of the entrance gate and 4 feet from
the fence. It is a similar marble column having an aluminum bolt to mark its center.
Boone County^ Madison^ /goo. — Observations were made over the south stone of the meridian line
established by the United States Geological Survey in 189S. This stone is 315 feet a little north of
east from the northeast comer of the Methodist Episcopal church, on land owned by Mr. Thompson.
It is a sandstone column 42 by 8 by 8 inches, set 36 inches in the ground, with a copper plate in the
center of the top. The north meridian stone is 237.8 feet distant, i foot south of south fence of St.
Clair Hotel. It is similar to the south stone, but has an aluminum bolt to mark its center. The
mark or range was the point of the gable of tower of the Methodist Episcopal church. Tliis mark or
range bears 84° 37''. 5 east of true north.
Braxton County ^ Sutton ^ /8g8. — Observations were made over the south monument of the meridian
line at Sutton. This meridian line is marked with heavy sandstone posts, with copper disks in the
centers of the tops of these posts. The centers of these disks mark the two ends of the meridian line.
These meridian stones are sunk several feet in the ground, with their tops extending a few inches out
of the ground. Messrs. J. B. Dunlop and G. A. Johnson, surveyors, residing in Sutton, know the loca-
tion of these meridian stones. The south meridian stone is located on the east side of Main street, at
the northeast corner of Main street and the first street north of the bluff in Upper Sutton. Main street
runs approximately north and south. The north meridian stone is distant 843.2 feet from the south
meridian stone, on the same side of Main street, and is on the north side of the second cross street
north of the south meridian stone.
Cabell County, Huntington, /8g8. — Observations were made over the north monument of the
meridian line at Huntington. This meridian line is marked with heavy freestone posts, with copper
disks in the centers of the tops of these posts. The centers of these disks mark the two ends of the
meridian line. These meridian stones are sunk several feet in the ground, "with their tops extending a
few inches out of the ground. The north meridian monument is located near the southwest comer of
a new school building at the southeast corner of Fifth avenue and Sixth street. The south meridian
stone is about i 000 feet distant from the north meridian monument, in what is at present a field, with
an orchard just beyond the field. The county surveyor, Mr. J. H. Sanborn, knows the location of
these meridian stones.
Clay County, Clay, /goo. — Observations were made over the north stone of the meridian line
established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. This stone is in the front garden of the
house occupied by Mr. Davenport, just west of the Baptist church. It is a sandstone column 36 by 8
by 8 inches, set 36 inches in the ground, with its center marked by an aluminum bolt. It is 73 feet
from the southwest corner of the church and 83.5 feet from the northwest corner. The south meridian
stone is 365.2 feet distant, at the corner of Main street and third alley. It is a column of sandstone
42 by 8 by 8 inches, set 36 inches in the ground, with a copper plate in the center of the top. The
mark or range was the point of the north gable on the west side of Hotel Stephenson, between two
chimneys. This mark or range bears 14° 19^0 east of true south.
Doddridge County, West Union, igoo. — Observations were made in the grounds south of the public
school 60.6 feet from the fence and 65.4 feet slightly to the west of south of the south stone of the
meridian line established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. This stone is a sandstone
column 45 by 8 by 8 inches, set 39 inches in the ground, with a copper plate in the center of the top.
It is 160 feet from the southwest comer of the school building and 169 feet from the southeast corner.
The mark or range was the point of the tower of a white wooden church just across the ravine which
separates the hill on which the school stands from the main part of town. This mark or range bears
550 37''. 8 west of true north from the stub marking the magnetic station.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 397
WEST VIRGINIA— Continued.
Fayette County^ Fayetteville^ igoo. — Observations were made over a point east of the south stone
of the meridian line established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. This south stone of
the Geological Survey is set in the ditch on the south side of Maple avenue, which runs in a northeast
direction on the southeast side of the court-house. It is between the Journal printing office and the
church, and 206 feet from the northeast comer of the former. The Coast and Geodetic Survey station
of 1900 is in the vacant field almost 75 feet due east of this south stone of the Geological Survey. The
distances from the fences on the northwest and southwest boundaries of this vacant field were 45 and
84 feet, respectively. The mark or range was the northwest edge of the northwest chimney of a
white house seen immediately to the right of the Altamont Hotel. This mark or range bears 4° 06^.5
east of true south. The ball on the court-house bears 77*^ 21^.3 west of true south. North stone of
Geological Survey bears 9® 53^.3 west of true north.
Grant County ^ Glebe y igoo. — Observations were made over a small cross in a limestone rock,
planted about 20 inches in the ground and projecting 3 inches above the surface of the ground. This
rock is in the yard of the county poorhouse, being 66.8 feet from the southwest corner of the founda-
tion of the main building. This county poorhouse is about 6 miles west of Petersburg and 3 miles
east of Hopeville. The mark or range was the northwest edge of the main building at the poorhouse.
The mark or range bears 6® 17^.5 east of true north.
Grant County y Falls ^ 1900, — Observations were made over a point on a bank about 4 feet above
the county road, in a small cleared spot near a fork in the road, one branch going to the ford b^ow
the falls at the east end of the gap, and the other one a small iron bridge en route to the Palls
post-office, which is in sight. The brick church, in an oak grove, is 302 feet distant. The center
of the road is distant 42 feet. A large sycamore, locust, double white oak, and a small sycamore are
distant, respectively, 24.1, 31.3, 54.2, and 31.5 feet. The mark or range was the southwest corner of
the brick church. This mark or range bears 58° 11^.8 east of true south.
Greenbrier County, Lewisburg, 1900. — Observations were made over the south stone of the
meridian line of the United States Geological Siu*vey established in 1898 in the grounds of the
boys* school building, formerly Major Lee's Military' Academy. This south stone is 12 feet from a ,
large oak tree and 76 feet from the northeast comer of the school building, and is a column of
sandstone 42 by 8 by 8 inches, set 36 inches in the ground. The center of a copper plate set in its
top marks the point. The north stone is also a column of sandstone, distant 323 feet from the south
stone, in the northeast comer of the school yard. An aliuninum bolt set in the top of this stone
marks the point, and it was used as the mark or range.
Hampshire County y Rotnneyy igoo. — Observations were made over the north stone of the meridian
line established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. This north stone is a column of
limestone 39 by 10 by 6 inches, set 28 inches in the ground, with an aluminum bolt in the center of
the top of the stone which marks the point. It is located in the grounds of the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind
Institute, on the line of the fence, 21 feet east of the fence running north, and 645 feet north of the
south stone of this meridian line. This south stone is a column of marble, also set in the groimds of
this institute, north of the main building, in the southeast comer of the baseball grounds. The centet
of a copper plate set in the top of tliis stone marks the point, which was used as a mark or range.
Hardy County , Moorefieldy igoo. — Observations were made over the south meridian stone estab-
lished by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. It is located on land owned by Gilkeson, on a
level plateau north of the county road, >and near the line of a rail fence, about one-half mile east of
the town. This post consists of a column of marble 44 by 7 by 7 inches, set 37 inches in the ground.
The center of a copper plate set in the top of this stone marks the point. The north meridian stone is
distant 826 feet from the south stone and is located 3 feet south of the south fence of the cemetery.
It is also a column of marble with an aluminum bolt set in the top of this post, which was used as a
mark or range.
Harrison County , Clarksburg, i8g8. — Observations were made over the south monument of the
meridian line at Clarksburg. This meridian line is marked witH heavy sandstone posts, nicely dressed,
with copper disks in the centers of the tops of these posts. The centers of these disks mark the two
ends of the line. These monuments are sunk several feet in the ground, with their tops extending a
few inches out of the ground. The south monument is in the grounds of the public-school building.
398 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
WEST VIRGINIA— Continued.
170 feet east of the school building, and in a few feet of the point over which observations were made
in 1880. The north monument is across the river, about 800 feet distant from the south monument,
near a bridge crossing the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad tracks. Mr. J. H. Davis, civil engineer,
knows the location of these meridian monuments.
Jackson County y Ripley^ igoo. — Observations w^ere made over a point 42.4 feet due north of the
south stone of the meridian line established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. This
south stone is in the southwest comer of the court-house grounds in front of the Hassler Hotel. It
consists of a column of sandstone 42 by 8 by 8 inches, set 36 inches in the ground. The center of a
copper plate set in the top of this stone marks the point. The north meridian stone is distant 334.5
feet from the south meridian stone and is set in the northwest corner of the court-house g^unds. An
aluminum bolt set in the top of this stone was used as a mark or range.
Jefferson County, Charlestown, igoo. — Observations were made first over the north stone of the
meridian line established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. This stone consists of
a column of limestone 30 by 10 by 7 inches, set 28 inches in the ground. An aluminum bolt set in the
top of this stone marks the point. This stone is distant 76.5 feet from the southeast comer of a harness
factory which bears south 60° east.
Observations were also made over the south stone of this meridian line of the Geological Survey,
located in the comer of the wall at the northeast comer of the Methodist Episcopal church. It consists
of jt column of sandstone with a copper plate set in the top of it. The center of this plate marks the
point. The meridian stones are 767 feet distant from each other, and they were used as ranges or
marks.
Kanawha County ^ Charleston y igoo. — Observations were made as nearly as possible over the point
occupied by Mr. E. Smith of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. It is located on Capitol
Hill, which rises behind the C. & G. S. R. R., and may be reached by steps at the end of the capitol
street. The meridian stones planted by Mr. Smith could not be used because they were too far away
to be seen through the smoky atmosphere. The range or mark was the point of the spire of the capitol
building. This mark or range bears 55° 49^. i west of true south.
The point is located on the property of Mr. J. F. Savage, and is about 140 feet above the general
level of the town. It is not marked, as the grade is to be changed. Seventy-five and one-fourth feet
south of this point, in the lawn about Mr. Savage^s house, a heavy sandstone meridian monument was
set, with a copper disk in the center of its top. The center of this copper disk marks the point. Two
similar monuments were also set in this meridian line at Charleston. One of these monuments is on
a hill about i mile north of the monument in Mr. Savage's yard, and is located on land belonging to
Mr. Jefferson Savage. The last of the three monuments is on the side of a hill about i mile south of
the first monument, i. e., the monument in Mr. J. F. Savage's yard. These meridian monuments are
sunk several feet in the ground, with their tops extending a few inches out of the ground.* The county
surveyor knows the location of these monuments.
Kanawha County , Ryan, i8g2. — The station is about 2 miles northeast of St. Albans, on land
owned by Mr. J. Ryan. It is located on the highest part of the ridge. It is marked by a draintile
filled with cement. Four other marks (draintiles) are placed around the central one, distant 6 feet.
Kanawha County , St. Albans, east base, i8gj, — The station is about 2 miles east of St. Albans
railway station on land owned by Mr. Samuel Shrewsberry. It is about 150 feet west of the bank of
Two and three-quarter Mile or Swindlers Creek. It is about 60 feet back or north of the railway.
It is marked by a stone monument projecting about i foot above the surface of the ground.
Kanawha County, St, Albans, west base, i8gj. — ^The station is 60 feet north of the north rail of
the main line of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad track, in the fence line of the west side of First
street. This fence forms the eastern boundary of Mr. Daniel J. Lewis's property. The station is
marked by a stone monument projecting about i foot above the surface of the ground.
Lewis County, Weston, i8g8. — Observations were made over the south monument of the meridian
line at Weston. It is located in the grounds of the West Virginia Hospital, in front of the south wing
of the main building. The north meridian monument is in front and a little to the south of the
center of the main building, and is just south of the driveway leading to the main entrance. These
monuments are made from heavy blocks of blue sandstone. They have copper disks set in the centers
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 399
WEST \^RGINIA— Continued.
of their tops. The centers of these disks mark the two ends of the meridian line, which is about 302
feet long.
Lincoln County^ tJamlin^ igoo. — Observations were made over the south stone of the meridian
line established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. It consists of a column of sandstone
43 by 8 by 8 inches, set 36 inches in the ground. The center of a copper plate set in the top of this
post marks the point. This stone is located on Main street a few paces north of Hamlin Hotel,
between the sidewalk and the road. The mark or range was the center of an iron cross on the north
wall of the post-ofi&ce, a brick building on Main street, farther to the south. This mark or range bears
8° 22''. 7 west of true south.
Logan County^ LogaUy igoo. — The south stone of the meridian line established by the United
States Geological Survey in 1898 could not be used on account of its proximity to a brick building.
Observations were made over a wooden stub on the top of a spur behind the Hotel Logan and
approached through the yard of that hotel. This spur is about 70 or 80 feet above the general level
of the town, and it is the property of Mr. Peck. This wooden stub is the only spot on this spur from
which the north stone of the Geological Survey meridian can be seen. This north stone is set on a
steep slope just outside of the cemeter>% 5 feet east of the east fence of this cemetery. It is very
inaccessible. The mark or range used was the point of the spire of the church, almost exactly west of
the magnetic station on the street behind the Buskirk House. This mark or range bears 72° 31^.2
wjest of true south.
McDowell County^ Welch ^ igoo. — The meridian stones established by the United States Geological
Survey in 189S could not be used. Observations were made over a wooden stub set in the open space
in the court-house lot on the west side of this meridian line, 89.6 feet from the south stone of this
meridian line, 64.1 feet from the northwest corner of the court-house tower, and 42.3 feet from the
center of an apple tree very close to tlie meridian line. The mark or range used was the edge of the
chimney of the most distant white frame house seen from the station, up the valley, when looking
southward. This mark or range bears 20° 52''. 7 west of true south. The north meridian stone bears
11° 06^.8 east of true north.
Mercer County ^ Princeton^ igoo. — The meridian line established by the United States Geological
Survey in 1898 could not be used on account of its proximity to wire fences, etc. Observations were
made over an oaken stub located at a point between the ^outh stone of the Geological Surx'ey
meridian and the path leading from the main road to the high school. This stub is distant 48.2, 32.1,
and 23 feet, respectively, from three trees on the south side of the walk leading from the gate to the
school, and from the east fence of the grounds it is distant 58.4 feet. The mark or range used was
the ball on the spire of the church which is seen from this stub in front of the court-house. This
mark or range bears 16° oi''.4 west of true south. The south stone of the Geological Survey bears
24° 07''. 2 west of true south. The north stone of the Geological Survey bears 7® 19^.0 west of true
north.
Mineral County^ Keyser^ i8g8. — Observations were made over a large Cumberland sandstone
monument which is located in the grounds of Mr. W. E. Crooks' residence, and near the circle in
front of his house. This monument is sunk several feet in the ground, with its top extending a few
inches out of the ground. The center of a copper disk set in the center of the top of this stone
marks the point. No other meridian monument was set up at this place. The United States
Geological Survey had already established a meridian line in this town, but it was not used on
account of its proximity to fences, which are now near the meridian monuments. The range or mark
at this station was the trunk of a tree on a distant hill. This range or mark bears west of true
south 0° 10/8.
Mingo County ^ Williamson ^ igoo. — The meridian stones established here by the United States
Geological Survey in 1898 could not be used. Observations were made over a wooden stub located at
a point between these two stones a few yards to the west of the meridian line, on a low ridge on the
hillside running from the north Geological Sm^vey stone down in the ravine which separates these two
stones. It is 56 paces from the north stone almost in the direction of the court-house. The mark or
range used was the spire of the Presbyterian church. This mark or range bears 9° 56^.6 west of true
south.
400 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
WEST VIRGINIA— Continued.
Monongalia County^ Morgantown^ i^oo.—The meridian stones established by the United States
Geological Survey in 1898 in the university campus could not be used. Observations were made over
a tack in wooden stub 109.6 feet from the south stone of this meridian line, 107.6 feet from the western
fence line of the campus, and 74.5 feet north of the south fence of the campus. The marks or ranges
used were the tip of the court-house tower and the steeple on the Methodist church. The tip of the
court-house tow«;r bears 4° 54'. 2 west of true south. The steeple of the Methodist church bears 11® 14^.5
west of true south. This point was occupied twice during the year for magnetic obser\''ations.
Monroe County, Alderson, i8gS, — Observations were made over a monument located in the grounds
of the Alleghany Collegiate Institute, on the south side of High street, between Church and Monroe
streets, and not many feet distant from the point where obser\'ations were made in 188 1. It is near the
stone w^all 011 High street. This monument consists of a large sandstone post sunk several feet in the
ground, with its top extending a few inches out of the ground. The center of a copper disk in the
center of the top of this stone marks the point. No other meridian stone was set up at this place and
the mark or range used is not described. Mark 12° 29''. 9 east of north.
Morgan County , Pawpaw , 18^. — ^The station is in the large field south of the railroad station, near
the frame dwelling house on the hill. It is 37 feet from the northwest comer of the fen<:e, 67 feet from
the northeast comer, and 29 feet in front of the gate. ».
Nicholas County, Summersvilley igoo. — Observations were made over the south stone of the meridian
line established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. It is situated in the public school
grounds 10 feet north of the south fence. This meridian stone consists of a column of sandstone 42 by
8 by 8 inches, set 36 inches in the ground. The center of a copper plate set in the top of this stone
marks the point. The mark or range used was the ball on the tower of the court-house. This mark
or range bears 61° 43^.9 west of true south.
Ohio County, Wheeling, i8g8. — Observations were made over the north mommient of the meridian
line on Zane*s Island, near Wheeling. This north monument is inside the race course on Zane's
Island near its northwest side. The south monument is also inside this race course, about 450 or 500
feet due south of the north monument. These meridian monuments are heavy sandstone posts, sunk
several feet in the ground, with their tops extending several inches out of the ground. The centers of
copper disks set in the centers of the tops of these stones mark the ends of this meridian line.
Pendletoft County, Brushyrun, igoo.. — Observations were made over a point in a pasture field 261.3
feet southwest of the stone chimney on Charles Mallon's house, on the top of a slight rise. It was
153 feet southeast of the Franklin road, 190 feet south of a double cherry tree, and 142 feet east of a
walnut tree, both of the above trees being near the side of the road and a worm fence. The location
is about 14 miles south of Petersburg and about 2}i miles north of the iron bridge crossing the South
Fork, and on the north side of the ridge or watershed between Brushyrun and the South Fork. The
mark or range used was the southwest edge of this stone chimney, just below the edge of the capstone.
This mark or range bears 48° 56^.8 east of true north.
Pendleton County, Cave, igoo. — Observations were made in a pasture field owned by Peter J.
Moyers. The point is 64.4 feet north of the county road leading from Franklin to Monterey. This point
is distant 244.6 feet from the northwest edge of Moyers' s house, which was used as a mark or range for
the magnetometer. It is distant 71.5 feet from a very large oak tree, and 52 feet from a small rivulet,
and 200 feet from a large stream which crosses the road. This pasture is 9^^ miles south and west of
Franklin, at Cave post-ofi&ce. The cave proper is one-half mile farther south, and north of the road
about 300 feet. The angle between the northwest corner of the Moyers house and a bold point of rock
on top of the mountain southeast of the station was found to be 122° 36^.1. The mark or range used
was the northwest corner of the Moyers house. This mark or range bears 25** 32^.0 east of true north.
Pendleton County, Franklin, igoo. — Observations were made over a point 26.77 feet north of the
south meridian stone established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898, in the meadow
owned by Mr. W. H. Boggs, east of the town. This meridian stone consists of a column of limestone
44 by 7 by 7 inches, set 38 inches into the ground. The center of a copper plate set in the top of this
stone marks the point. The mark or range used was the cupola of the schoolhouse. This mark or
range bears 4° 58'. 6 west of true north.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 4OI
WEST VIRGINIA— Continued.
Pocahontas County, Marlinton^ 1^00.— The meridian stones erected by the United States Geological
Survey in 1898 could not be used. Observations were made over a point in the court-house yard, in
the southeast end of the town. It is distant 62.9 feet from the south meridian stone of the meridian
line established by the United States Geological Survey, and is distant 50 feet from the north comer
of the brick court-house. It is also distant 53.8 and 55.2 feet, respectively, from the iron fences
northeast and northwest of this point of observation. The mark or range used was the spire of the
Methodist church. This mark or range bears 46® 56^.7 west of true north.
Pocahontas County, Travelers Repose, igoo, — Observations were made over an undressed sandstone
post set on an old breastwork of 1862 on the west point of a hill north of the Staunton and Parkers-
burg pike and about 800 feet east of the ford over a branch of the Greenbrier River. It is east of
P. D. Yeager's house. The lightning rod near the north chimney of P. D. Yeager*s house was used
as a mark or range. This mark or range bears 77® 51^.4 west of true north. The center of a brick
chimney of a church in the valley bears 62° 37^.1 west of true south.
Prestofi County, Foley Mountain, /c^p/.—Near Brookside, W. Va. The station is on the top of the
mountain in the clearing for the meridian line 25.05 feet, 35** oi''.2 west of north from L. A, Bauer*s
meridian station.
Preston County, Kingwood, jgoo. — Observations were made over the south stone of the meridian
line established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. This stone is located south of the
livery stable on Mr. McRae's land, and is 3 feet north of the south fence. It consists of a column
of granite 44 by 8 by 8 inches, set 39 inches in the ground. The center of a copper plate set in the
top of this stone marks the point. The mark or range used was the intersection of the north-
west edge of the western chimney and roof of a house to the east of south. This mark or range bears
3® 43''.6 east of south, as determined by observations on north meridian stone of the meridian line
of the United States Geological Survey, which is in the grounds of the Hotel Gordon.
Putnam County, Winfield, igoo. — Observations were made over a point 137 feet true north of the
south stone of the meridian line established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. This
south meridian stone is located in the court-hoxisc grounds, opposite the jail. It consists of a column
of sandstone 42 by 8 by 8 inches, set 36 inches in the ground. The center of a copper plate set in the
top of this stone marks the point. The mark or range used was the north stone of this meridian line
of the United States Geological Survey, located on the north side of the main street near the back of
Hanly & Craighill's store. This stone consists of a column of sandstone 36 by 8 by 8 inches, set 36
inches in the ground. An aluminum bolt set in tjie top of this stone marks the point.
Raleigh County, Beckley, igoo. — Observations were made over a point 78.5 feet due north of the
south stone of the meridian line established here by the United States Geological Survey in 1898.
This stone is located on the north side of the walk and the south side of Main street, on the west side
of the town, opposite the residence of Mr. Anderson. It consists of a column of sandstone 42 by 8
by 8 inches, set 36 inches in the ground. The center of a copper plate set in the top of this stone
marks the point. The mark or range used was the center of the north meridian stone. It is located
on a hillside, across a small ravine 1,249.1 feet north of the south stone of this meridian line. It con-
sists of a sandstone column, 36 by 8 by 8 inches, set 36 inches in the ground. An aluminum bolt set
in the center of this stone marks the point.
Randolph Comity, Beverly, i8g8. — Observations were made over the south meridian monument
of the meridian line at Beverly. It is located in the yard of Dr. G. W. Yokum, in the south end of
the town, on the west side of Main street. The north meridian monument is on the east side of Main
street, 350 feet distant from the south meridian monument. These monuments are heavy sandstone
posts, sunk several feet in the ground, with their tops extending several inches out of the ground.
The centers of the copper disks set in the centers of the tops of these stones mark the ends of this
meridian line.
Randolph County, Mingo, /900.— Observations were made over a point located in a lot owned by
S. H. Wood, east of his house, and south of his store and of the county road. This station was upon
the point of a little rise about 3 feet from the edge of this lot, between two little rivulets. It is distant
from the point of this rise 13 feet, and 50.7 feet distant from the southwest corner of a stone spring
27478 — 02 26
402 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
WEST VIRGINIA— Continued.
house. It is distant, respectively, 41.65, 69.20, and 73.0 feet from a small apple tree to the east at the
foot of a steep bank, from an apple tree to the west near a picket fence, and from an apple tree to the
southwest near a subterranean cellar. The mark or range used was the point of the chiu^ch tower of
the Presbyterian church. This mark or range bears 0° 35^.4 east of true south.
Randolph County^ Pickens^ i8g8. — Observations were made over the center of a copper disk set in
a triangular rock. This rock is east of the railway, about one-fourth of a mile distant from it, and
about 100 feet north of the road running east from the railway station. It is located on land belong-
ing to Mr. James Pickens, and in the rear of a house owned by Mr. W. R. Thomas. No meridian
monuments were set up at this place. There are no prominent or permanent objects which could be
used as ranges or marks.
Ritchie County ^ HafHsville^ i8g8. — Observations were made over the south monument of the
meridian line at Harrisville. It is located on the farm of Mr. John Hulderman, about three-fourths
of a mile from the court-house, and nearly south of it. This monument is on a ridge just above the
farmhouse, and about 800 feet from it. The north montmient is about i mile northof the sou th monu-
ment, near the boundary fence between the lands of Dr. W. E. Tolbott and Mr. E. C. Fox. These
monuments are heavy sandstone posts sunk several feet in the ground, with their tops extending
several inches out of the ground. The centers of the copper disks set in the tops of these stones mark
the ends of this meridian line.
Summers County, HintoUy igoo. — Observations were made over the south stone of the meridian
line established by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. It is located in the grounds of the
court-house, by the side of the path near the southeast comer of the square. It consists of a column
of sandstone 42 by 8 by 7 inches, set 36 inches in the ground. The center of a copper plate set in the
top of this stone marks the point. The mark or range used was the center of the north stone of this
meridian line. It is located opposite the front door of Graham's store, on the south side of the side-
walk, 10 feet east of Second avenue and 307.3 feet north of the south stone of this meridian line.
The center of an aluminum bolt set in the top of this stone marks the point.
Taylor County, Grafton, i8g8. — No meridian monuments were erected here to mark the true
meridian line, on account of the improvements to be made in the locality where the observations were
made. The point over which the observations were made is unmarked. It is located on a hill near a
large rock, which is a very prominent object. This hill is south of the railway station, and Pike street
runs near this rock. The United States Geological 'Survey has established and marked a true meridian
line in this vicinity. The meridian posts coidd not be used on account of their proximity to fences,
but they can be extended. Mr. John E. Stone, who lives in this xacinity, is familiar with these
monuments.
Tucker County, Hendricks, i8g8. — Observations were made over a cross on a natural rock located
on the lands of the United States Leather Company. The rock is reached by crossing the bridge over
Little Black Fork River, at the north end of the town. It is about i 000 feet beyond the bridge, on the
north side of the road, fully i 200 feet southwest of the West Virginia Railroad, and about the same
distance north of the Dry Fork Railroad. The mark or range used bears east of true north 17® 29^.8.
The southwest comer of bridge bears east of south 68® 16^.2. The southeast comer of bridge bears
east of south 69° 20^.2.
Upshur County, Buckhannon, i8g8. — Observations were made over the north monument of the
meridian line at Buckhannon. This monument is located in the grounds of the West Virginia
Conference Seminary. It is located in the open space in front of the main building of the seminary
and in the northwest comer of this lot. The south monument of this meridian line is about 450 feet
south of the north monument, between two brick buildings and near a brick walk. Mr. W. G. L.
Lathen and Mr. L. A. Wallins know the location of these stones. These monuments are heavy
sandstone posts, sunk several feet in the ground, with their tops extending several inches out of the
ground. The centers of copper disks set in the centers of the tops of the monuments mark the ends
of the meridian line.
Wayne County, Dunlow, i8g8. — Observations were made over the north monument of the
meridian line at Dunlow. This north meridian monument is located in the pasture lot adjoining
the residence of Mr. Thomas Linsley, the superintendent of the Guyandot Coal Land Association.
It is about 300 feet from the railway and about 150 feet from the bank of Twelve Pole Creek. The
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 403
WEST VIRGINIA— Continued.
south meridian monument is on the slope of a hill across the railway. These monuments are heavy
sandstone posts sunk several feet in the ground, and with their tops about even with the surface of
the ground. The centers of the copper disks set in the centers of the tops of these monuments mark
the two ends of this meridian line. Mr. Thomas Linsley knows the location of these monuments,
and he furnished them.
Wayne County^ Wayfte^ i8g8. — Observations were made over the north monument of the meridian
line at Wayne. This north meridian monument is on the hill east of the town, on property belonging to
Prof. T. B. McClure, in the open lot just east of and above his school building. The south meridian
monument is due south of the north monument, and about a mile distant from it, on land belonging
to Mr. Boswell Ferguson. Mr. Joe Plymale and Mr. H. Atkins, surveyors, are familiar with the
location of this monument. These monuments are heavy sandstone posts sunk several feet in the
ground, with their tops extending a few inches out of the ground. The centers of the copper disks set
in the centers of the tops of these stones mark the two ends of this meridian line.
Webster County, Addison, igoo. — Observations were made over a point 33.71 feet north of the
south stone of the meridian line established here by the United States Geological Survey in 1898. It
is located on the grounds of the Webster Springs Hotel, 6 feet north of the south fence. It consists of
a column of sandstone 42 by 8 by 8 inches, set 36 inches in the ground. The center of a copper plate
set in the center of this stone marks the point. The mark or range used was the ball on the couit-
house. This mark or range bears 7° 46^.0 west of true north.
Wood County, Parkersburg, /^p^.— .Observations were made over the north monument of the
meridian line at Parkersburg. This north meridian monument is in the city park, formerly the old
county fair grounds. It is located in a clump of trees northeast of the old ** grand stand.'* The south
meridian monument.is 697 feet due south of the nortli monument, and is also in the city park, near
the superintendent's house. These monuments are very heavy Cleveland sandstone posts, sunk with
their tops extending a few inches out of the ground. The centers of copper disks* set in the centers
of the tops of these monuments mark the two ends of this meridian line. Mr. J. S. A. Farrar, city
engineer, knows the exact location of these monuments.
Wyoming County, Baileysville, igoo. — Observations were made over a wooden stub located in a
field behind the little white church, and on the north side of this church. It is distant 193 feet from
the northwest corner of this church, and 70 feet from the center of the lumber tramway which crosses
the field between the church and this stub. The mark or range used was the point of the west gable
of Bailey's Hotel. This mark or range bears 78° 40^.6 east of true south.
Wyotning County, Oceana, igoo. — The meridian line established here by the United States Geo-
logical Survey in 1898 could not be used. Observations were made over a wooden stub located on the
low ridge between the south stone of the Geological Survey and the river. It is distant, respectively,
148, 116, and 128 >^ feet from the consecutive trees on the water's edge nearest the station; one is an
oak, one a water birch, and one a beech tree. It is 60 or 70 yards west of this meridian line of the
Geological Survey. The south stone is south of the town, on land owned by Mrs. M. A. Conley. The
mark or range used was the point of the Methodist church tower. This mark or range bears 28° 01^.9
west of true north.
WISCONSIN.
Brown County, Green Bay, /8g/.—The station is in the fair grounds, east of the city, in the open
space just east of the race track, south of " White Pine Grove" and north of the exposition building.
It is 63.1 feet from the outer edge of the race track, and is also 74.5 feet, 59 feet, and 57 feet,
respectively, from the trunks of the three south pine trees of the grove just north of the station.
It is marked by a small terra cotta pipe sunk even with the surface of the ground.
Buffalo County, Alfna, /8gj. — The station is 516 feet east and 50 feet north of the west quarter-
section post in section 26.
Buffalo County, Maxville,'i8g3.^1ih& station is 439 feet east and 618 feet north of the south
quarter-section post in section 21.
Crawford County^ Prairie du Chien, igoo. — The station is in the southwest corner of the court-
house grounds, 22 feet 5 inches from the inner edge of the sidewalk to the south and 24 feet 9 inches
from the diagonal brick walk on the grounds. It is marked by a limestone post 7 inches square,
y
404 MAGNETIC DECLINATION TABLES FOR 1902.
WISCONSIN— Continued.
lettered on top U. S. C. S. , and sunk flush with the surface of the ground. The mark or range used
was the southwest edge of the chimney on the third house from the corner on the east side of the
street bounding the court-house on the east, and bears 57° 40^.8 east of true south.
Dane County, Madison, /poo. — ^The station is in the second meadow north of the main barn, and
is west of the lane of the university farm. It is 185.5 feet north of the wire fence between the two
meadows. The line joining the northeast comer of the main bam and the magnetic station intersects
this wire fence at a point 205.5 ^^^t west of the lane. It is marked by a Bedford limestone post 8
inches square, with its top 6 inches below the surface of the ground. The dome of the main asylum
building bears 14° 14^.2 east of true north.
La Crosse County, La Crosse, i^oo. — The station is inside the race course of the fair grounds,
about I mile east of the town. It is marked by a Bedford stone post 8 inches square lettered on top
U. S. C. & G. S., and sunk flush with the ground. This stone is 81 feet 8 inches to the east from the
race-track fence and 134 feet i inch to the northeast from the northeast corner of the judge's stand.
The mark or range used was the southeast corner of the main exhibition building, and bears 24° 55^.1
west of true south
Milwaukee County, Milwaukee, 1888, — The station is just west of the North Point light-house,
III feet 3 inches from the granite post marking the southwest comer and 57 feet 6 inches from the
granite post marking the northwest comer of the boundary of the light-house grounds. It is marked
by a wooden stub.
Pierce County, Ellsworth, 18^3. — The station is on land Qwned by Mr. Leonard, 129 meters west
of the farm division fence and 133.3 meters south of the quarter-section line.
Pierce County, Maiden Roci, /8gj. — ^The station is on the farm of Col. C. O. Rask, 560 feet north
and 41 feet west of the center of section 21 (T. 24 R. 16 \V). It is nearly in front of his house, just
west of the wagon road.
Price County, *Prentice, 1891. — The station is on the bluff on the bank of Jump River, at the foot
of Park street. It is almost in line with the northern edge of this street, being 8.42 meters from the
stub marking the comer of the foot of the street on the north side and 20.50 meters from the stub
which marks the comer on the south side. It is marked by an elm post sunk even with the surface
of the gi-ound.
• WYOMING.
Crook County, Mileposts 283, 284, 1882. — The station is on the line between these posts.
Crook County, Little Missouri River, 1882. — The station is 576.3 feet west of milepost No. 329,
of the north boundary.
Crook County, northeast comer of Wyoming, 1882, — The station is the northeast comer of the
State, and is marked by a stone post completely covered with earth, thus forming a small mound.
Sheridan County, Milepost 185, 1882. — This post is near the Fort Custer wagon road, just east
of it.
Yellowstone National Park, Milepost 42, 18S2, — The milepost is on the west side of the summit
of a hill in the valley of Slough Creek.
Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone Lake, i8g2. — The station is 69.14 meters north and 0.025
meters west of the longitude pier in the edge of the pine woods, about 10 meters west of the road from
Lake Hotel to Canyon Hotel, and about one-half mile northeast from Lake Hotel. Observations
were also made at a point 334. 2 meters south of the pier, showing a strong local disturbance.
BRITISH COLUMBIA.
Carson, igoi. — Observations were made at a point about i 450 feet west of Kettle River, and almost
in line*with the south side of a 200-foot bridge crossing the stream. It is 12.7 feet west of boundary
monument No. 53, and is marked by an iron post placed there to mark the azimuth station and the
south end of a meridian line.
Columbia River at Canadian Boundary, /90/.— Observations were made at a point east of the
river and about 400 feet due north of Boundary post-office, Washington. The mark or range used was
the azimuth station at the Boundary, and bears 62° \V .^ west of true south.
DESCRIPTIONS OF MAGNETIC STATIONS. 405
BRITISH COLUMBf A— Continued.
Comox'^ I goo. — Observations for declination and dip were hastily made at Union Spit, near Comox,
while steamer stopped for coal. The observations were repeated in front of the hotel at Union Bay.
Lion Point y i8gj, — Observations were made near the head of Portland Canal, on a prominent
rocky knoll covered with moss, brush, and stumps of trees, near the extreme end of the point, about
20 meters back of high-water mark and 7 meters above mean high water. The instrument was
mounted on a wooden post 10 inches in diameter and firmly set into the ground 20. i meters east of
north from a brick pier capped with a granite block with the letters U. S. C. & G. S., 1895, cut into the
top surface.
Midway^ igoi, — ^The station was on the west side of Boundary Creek exactly in line between two
stone piles or monuments. No. 66 on the high mountain a mile west, and No. 63 on the green hill
three-fifths of a mile east. This spot was used also as an azimuth station, and as such has been
marked with an iron post 3^^ inches in diameter and 4 feet long, with a brass cap inscribed S.
Meridian 1901.
Port Simpson^ ^^95- — ^This station is located on the west side of the hill, just east of the town, and
is a little north of east of the Hudson Bay Company's store, and distant about 300 meters therefrom.
A brick pier about 3 feet high marks the astronomical station. This is capped by a granite block,
lettered on top U. S. C. & G. S., 1895. Magnetic observations were made at a point 23.30 meters due
north of the center of this pier
Silicia Creeky igor. — The station is on the left bank of Silicia Creek, a tributary of the Chilliwack
River. It is 32 miles from Chilliwack, British Columbia, reached by wagon road and trail. The
wagon road extends to McGuire's ranch, 9 miles from Chilliwack, and the remaining distance is by
trail. The trail follows the right bank of the Chilliwack River, crossing that stream about a hundred
yards above the mouth of Silicia Creek. Six miles farther on it crosses that creek and follows the
left bank up to the station. About 50 yards above the station it crosses to the right bank of Silicia
Creek. Glacier Creek empties into Silicia Creek about half a mile below the station. The station is
on a bench about 60 feet above the creek, and the mountain slopes up steeply from it to the south and
west. The whole region is densely wooded with cedar, fir, and hemlock. Magnetic observations
were made at a point about 50 meters due north of an iron pipe set upright in the ground and sur-
rounded by a rock cairn, which marks the U. S. C. & G. S. latitude station of 1901. This pipe is 3^
feet long and 3>^ inches in diameter and is covered by a brass cap.
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