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Presented to the
LIBRARY of the
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO
by
PROFESSOR R. F. McRAE
Universal Dictionary
OF THE
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
A NE W AND ORIGINAL WORK PRESENTING FOR CONVENIENT
REFERENCE THE
ORTHOGRAPHY, PRONUNCIATION, MEANING, USE, ORIGIN AND
DEVELOPMENT OF
EVERY WORD IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
TOGETHER WITH
ONDENSED EXPLANATIONS OF FIFTY THOUSAND IMPORTANT SUBJECTS ANI>
AN EXHAUSTIVE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ALL THE ARTS AND SCIENCES
PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED
EDITED BY
ROBERT HUNTER, A.M., F.G.S., AND PROF. CHARLES MORRIS
(ENQLHH IDITIOM) (AHEMCAN tWTIOlO
WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF THE FOLLOWING EMINENT SPECIALISTS:
Prof. Thomas H. Huxley, F.R.S.; Prof. Richard A. Proctor; Prof. A. Estoclet; John A. Williams,
A.B., Trinity College, Oxford ; Sir John Stainer, Mus. Doc. ; John Francis Walker, A.M.,
F.C.S.; T. Davies, F.G.S.; Prof. Seneca Egbert, M.D., Medico-Chirurgica! College,
Philadelphia; William Harkness, F.I.C., F.R.M.S.; Marcus Benjamin, Ph.D.,
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.,
AND ONE HUNDRED OTHERS
VOLUME THREE
NEW YORK
PETER FENELON COLLIER & SON
MCM
(Copyright, 1897, by PETER FENKLON COLLIER.)
-
T. tn, VNOIOATK
t/A ,.C.
IT/iUH TO38C
PREFATORY NOTE.
The principal points in which the UNIVERSAL DICTIONARY differs from other dictionaries are fully di*
ragged in the Preface, but it may be well to draw attention to the following:
(1) Compound Words are inserted under the first element of the compound, and not in the place they woulc
occupy in strictly alphabetical order, if the second element were taken into account. Thus ANT-BEAB is inserted afte'
ANT, and not after ANTATROPHIC.
(2) The Pronunciation is indicated by diacritical marks, a key to which will be found at the foot of the sever*
pages, but the division into syllables has been based solely on pronunciation, and with no reference to- the etymolog?
of the word. In syllables wherein two or more vowels come together, not forming diphthongs, only that one of then
which gives its sound to the syllable bears a diacritical mark, the others being treated as mute. Thus, in brSad, sf .
float, the o is mute, the syllables being pronounced as if spelt brld, se,flot. Words of more than one syllable bear t
mark upon the accented syllable, as dl'-tlr.
(3) The Etymology will be found enclosed within brackets immediately following each word. To understanc
the plan adopted, let it be noted (1) that retrogression is made from modern languages to ancient; and (2) that whe
after a word there appears such a derivation as this " In Fr. . . . Sp. . . . Port. . . . Ital. . . . from Lat. . . .
the meaning is, not that it passed through Italian, Portuguese, Spanish and French before reaching English, but th-
there are or have been analogous word* in French, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian, all derived, like the English, froi
t Latin original.
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.
The following List, which contains the principal abbreviations employed in the UNIVERSAL DICTIONARY
Is inserted here for the convenience of persons using the work for the first time. A full list, containing also the chi
abbreviations in general use, will be given at the end of the final volume.
i.N. Anglo-Norman.
Norm. Norman.
archaeol. archaeology.
Arab. Arabic.
Norw. Norwegian, Nora*.
arith. arithmetic.
Aram. Aramaic.
O. Old.
astrol. astrology.
Arm. Armorican.
O. H Ger. Old High
aatron. astronomy.
A.S. Anglo Savon.
German.
auxil. auxiliary.
Aasyr. Assyrian.
0. S. Old Saxon.
Bib. Bible, or Biblical.
Boeh. Bohemian, or
Pers. Fenian.
biol. biology.
Czech.
Phcenic. Phoenician.
hot. botany.
Bret. Bas-Breton, or
Pol. PolUh
carp, carpentry.
Celtic of Brittany.
Port. Portuguese.
Cent. Centigrade.
Celt. Celtic.
Pror. Proveufal.
cf. compare.
Coal Chaldee.
ProTinc. ProrinciaL
U.G. S. Centunetre-gramme-
Dan. Danish.
Rabb. Rabbinical.
eecond.
Dut. Dutch.
Run. Rviian.
chem. chemistry.
E. Eastern, or East.
Sam. SaBiarltan.
Ch. hist. Church history.
E. Aram. East Arameean,
Sanac. Sanscrit.
chron. chronology .
generally called Chaldee.
Serv. Servian
class, classical.
Eng. English, or England.
Slay. Slavonian.
cogn. cognate.
Eth. Ethiopic.
Sp. Spanish.
comm. commerce.
Flem. Flemish.
Sw. Swedish.
comp. comparative.
Fr. French.
Syr. Syriac.
compos, composition.
Fries. Friesland.
Taut. Teutonic.
conchol. conchology.
Fria. Frisian.
Turk. Turkish.
contr. contracted, or con-
Gael. Gaelic.
\Valach. Walachian.
traction.
Ger. Qerman.
Wei Welh.
cryptallog. crystallogra-
Goth. Gothic
Or. Greek.
a., or adj. adjective.
adv. adverb.
phy,
def. definition.
Gris. Language of th*
art. article.
der. > derived, derivation.
Orisons.
Heb. Hebrew.
Hind. Hindustani.
Icel. Icelandic.
Ir. Irish.
eonj. conjunction.
Inter), interjection.
pa. par. past participle.
parttclp. participial.
prep, preposition.
dlmin. diminutive,
dram, drama, dramatically,
dynam. dynamics.
E. East.
eccles. ecclesiastical.
Ital. Italian
Lat. Latin.
Lett. Lettish, Lnttonian.
L. Ger. Low German, or
pr.par. present participle.
pro, pronoun .
8., tubs*., or trubjttan. sub-
stantive or noun.
econ. economy.
e. g. (Xfmplt ffralia=lor
example,
elect, electricity.
Platt Deutsch.
v. t. verb intransitive.
entom. entomology.
Lith. Lithuanian.
p. (. verb transitive.
etym. etymology.
Mag. Magyar.
ex. example.
Mediiev. Lat. Mediaeval
ablat. ablative.
f., or fern, feminine.
Latin.
accu*. accusative.
fig. figurative, figuratively.
M. II. Ger. Middle High
ajjric. agriculture.
fort, fortification.
German.
alg. algebra.
fr. from.
Mid Lat. Latin of the
mat. anatomy.
freq. frequentative
Middle Agva.
ant;.], antiquities.
fut. future.
N. New.
aor. aorist.
gen. general, generally.
H. H. Ger. New High
approx. approximate, -ly.
gend. gender .
German.
area, architecture. ' geuit. geni'.ive.
geography.
geol. geology,
eeorn. geometry,
gram, grammar,
her. heraldry,
hist, history,
hor. horology,
hortic. horticulture,
hydraul. hydraulics,
hydros, hydrostatics.
i. . id e.v*=that is.
ich thy . ichthyology .
Ibid. tbidem=the same.
Imp. impersonal.
imper. imperative,
indie, indicative.
intin. infinitive.
in tens, intensitive.
lang. language.
Linn. Linmeus.
lit. literal, literally,
mach. machinery,
m. or masc. masculine,
math, mathematics,
mech. mechanics.
med. medicine, medical
met. metaphorically,
metal metallurgy,
metaph. metaphysics,
meteorol. meteorology,
melon, metonymy.
mi)., milk, military,
min., miner, mineralogy,
mod. modern.
myth . mytho logy.
N. North.
n. or neut. neut.
nat. phil. natural philo-
sophy.
naut. nautical.
nomin. nominative.
numis. numismatology.
obj. objective.
obs. obsolete
ord. ordinary.
ornith. ornithology.
palaeont. palaeontology.
pass, passive.
path, pathology.
perf. perfect.
pers. person, personal
persp. perspective.
pliar. pharmacy .
phil. philosophy.
philol. philology.
phot, photography.
phren. phrenology.
phys. physiology.
pi., plur. plural.
poet, poetry, or poetic**
polit. econ. political
economy.
poss. possessive.
pref. prefix.
pres. present.
pret. preterite.
prim, primary.
priv. privative.
prob. probable, probftbv
pron. pronounced.
pros, proaody.
psycho!, psychology.
pyrotech. pyrotechnic!
q.v. tfwodeidf=which*sf
rlu-t. rhetoric.
Scrip. Scripture.
sculp sculpture.
sing singular.
S. South.
sp. gr, specliic gravity.
spec, special, specially
BUff. Suffix.
sup. supine.
surg. surgery
tech technical.
theol. theology.
trig, trigonometry.
typog. typography
var. variety.
viz. namely.
W. West.
cool, zoology.
* Rare, or obsolete.
f Unusual, or special ootfr
ages.
equivalent to, or
fy
No
.
ota bene take notloi
Infusibility ingenious
In - flis- 1 - bn '- 1 - tf (2), [Eng.
(2); -ity.] The quality or state of being in-
fused ; capability of being fused or dissolved.
In-fus -I-ble (1), a. [Pref. in- (2\ and Eng.
., Min., <c. : That cannot be fused or
dissolved ; not admitting of fusion; not fusible.
" Vitrl ficatloii ! the last work of fire, and a fusion
Of the salt mul earth, wherein ttie fusilile salt draws
the earth and infttsiWe part Into one continuum."
Browne : Vulgar Errouri, bit. ii., oh. 1.
In f&f-l-ble (2), a. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng.
fusible (q.v.).] Capable of being infused.
' in-fus'-X-ble-ness f *. [Eng. infusible, and
suff. -ness.] The same as INFUSIBILITY (q.v.).
In~ffV-8io&, *. [Lat. infusio, from infusus t
pa. iiar. of in/undo ; Fr. & Sp. infusion; Ital.
infusione.]
1. The act of Infusing or pouring in or upon,
as a liquid.
"Of whych thyiigcs this infutian of water la one."
Sir T. Mora : Warket. p. 491.
* 2. The act or process of dipping in or into
water ; immersion.
" Baptism by in fusion began to be In trod need in cold
climates." Jurtin: Ecdet. ffitt.
3. The act or process of steeping any sub-
tance, as a plant in a liquid for the purpose
of extracting medicinal or other valuable
virtues, essence, or qualities.
4. The liquor obtained by steeping any sub-
stance, as a plant in a liquid ; a decoction.
5. The act of infusing, instilling, or implant-
ing in the mind ; instillation, inculcation.
" In the working of such clensing of the soule, and
totfuiion of grace.' Sir T. More : Worket, p. 886.
6. That which is infused, instilled, or ira-
planted ; an inspiration.
" No sooner grows
The soft infution prevalent atid wide."
Thornton : Spring, 583.
* 7. A mixture, a share, a blending.
" Of elegy there was the due illusion."
Byron: l'tfon of Judgment, in,
In-fu'-slon-ism, * Xn-fu'-sian-Ism (s as
zh), s. [The first form from Eng. infusion;
-ism; the second from Low I^at. infitsianis-
units = the teaching described in def.]
Metaph, : The doctrine that the human soul
is an emanation from, or an influx of, the
Divine Substance. It is akin to the teaching
of Pythagoras and of the Stoics. Its de-
fenders in Christian times have relied on
Gen. ii. 7. Infusionism is opposed to Tradu-
cianism(q.v.)and to Creationism, the doctrine
accepted by the Eastern and Western Church.
" in fu sive, a. [Eng. infus(e) ; -ive.] Having
the power of infusion or inspiration; inspiring.
" Sing tht infusing force of Spring on man."
Thomson ; Spring. MS.
In-fa-soV-I-a. s. pi. [Not the pi. of Lat. infu-
sonum a pitcher, but Mod. Lat., from infusits,
pa. par. of infundo = to pour in, to infuse.]
1. Zool. : The name first given by Otto Frede-
rick MUller to the mostly microscopic anima-
cula developed
in organic in-
fusions. A
drop of water
from a weedy
or other pool or
ditch, viewed
by the micro-
scope,contains
them in count-
less numbers.
E Ii r e nberg
deemed them
animals of
com paratively
high organiza-
tion. Many of
h i s infusoria
have been removed to the vegetable kingdom,
and the others shown to have a simpler struc-
ture than he believed. Pritchard divided, them
into Bacillaria, which were clearly vegetable,
Phytozoa, on the borderland between animals
and plants, and Protozoa, Rotatoria, or Roti-
fera, and Tardigrada, clearly animal. They are
placed by many as a class of Protozoa. Some
years ago Prof. Huxley elevated them into
one of the ei^ht primary groups, into which
he divided the Animal Kngdom. They have
neither vessels nor nerves, but possess in-
ternal spherical cavities. They move by
means of cilia or variable processes formed
of the substance of the body, true feet being
INFUSORIA IN THE FIELD
OF THE MICROSCOPE.
absent. The sarcode is differentiated into an
ectosarc and an endosurc ; they have also a
nucleus and a contractile vesicle. They occur
everywhere, in salt, as well aa in fresh water.
One, Noctiluca, is believed to take a great
share in producing the phosphorescence of the
ocean. The Infusoria proper (= Pritchard's
Protozoa) are divided into three orders Suc-
toria, Ciliata, and Flagellate.
2. Palatont. : Ehrenberg believes that the
protective carapnces of some infusoria have
been found in chalk flints. The " infusoria "
found in the mineral called Tripoli, and in bog-
iron ore, are mostly vegetable Diatoms, and rlo
not belong to the class as now restricted.
[GAILLONELLA.]
In-fa-sbr'-I-aL [Mod. Lat. infuaorialis,
from infusoria (q.v.).]
Zool. : Of or belonging to the Infusoria (q.v.).
infusorial earth, infusorial
silica, 8. A flue white earth, composed
largely of the microscopic eilicious shells of
diatoms, considerable deposits of which are
found in this country. It is used as a metal-
polish and as an absorbent in making explo-
sives. Also called fouil flour, rotten-alone, and
electro-silicon.
In-ftl-sdV-I-an, *. [Mod. Lat. infusori(a);
Eng. suff. -an.]
Zool. : A member of the Infusoria. (Dun-
can: Nat. Hist., iv. 356.)
In-fus'-Sr-$r, a. & s. [Mod. Lat. infusoria)
(q.v.); Eng. suff. -y.}
A* As adj. : Of or belonging to the Infusoria.
t B. /I.s subst. : One of the Infusoria. (Ka?i
der Hoeven : Handbk. of Zool. (ed. Clark), i. 41.)
infusory animalcules, s. pi.
Zool. : The class or sub-kingdom Infusoria
(q.v.).
* Ing, s. [A.S.] A meadow, a pasture. [-!NO,
suff. 3.]
-ing, suff. [See def. ] A suffix of various mean-
ings and significations.
1. An A.S. patronymic suffix, still very
commonly found in proper names : as, Birlwc/
= son of Birl.
2. Representing the A.S. ung, the termina-
tion of the verbal noun : as, showing = A.S.
sce&wunj/.
3. The A. 8. ing = a meadow, a common
element in English place-names : as, Deeping,
Wappinff.
4. The termination of the present participle
of verbs ; representing the older -ande, -ende,
hide : as, coming = A.S. munende.
5. A diminutive suffix = ling: as, farthing
= A.S. feorthZtn?, feorthun?.
in'-ga, 5. [Native name. (Larousse.)']
Bot. : A genus of Acacieae. About 150 spe-
cies are known, from Brazil, Guiana, &c.
They are generally large shrubs or trees, with
pinnate leaves and white or yellow flowers,
and broadly -linear compressed and one-celled
legumes containing pulp. The pulp of the
legumes of Ingtt tetruphylto, &.Q., is sweet and
mucilaginous ; that of /. vera and /. fasculifera
is purgative.
* in gage , v.t. [ENGAGE.]
* in-gal'-le^, * In-gaT-ltf, v.t. [Pref. in- (1),
and Eng. galley.} To confine at the galleys.
Yn'-gan, s. [ONION.]
* in-gan-na'-tton, s. [Ital. ingannare = to
cheat.] Cheat, fraud, deception, imposture,
delusion.
" Front the root of deceit in themselves, or Inability
to resist such trivial ingannutiont from other*."
Browne : Vulgar i~rourt, bit. i., ch. lil.
in -gate, s. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. gate (q.v. }.]
* 1. Ord. Lang. : Entrance, a passage In.
" Therein resembling Janus auncient.
Which had in charge the ingate of the yeare."
Spenter: F.Q. t IV. x. 11
2. Found. : The aperture in a mould at which
the metal enters. It then passes by runners
to the spaces made vacant by the withdrawal
of the pattern. The ingate is technically called
the tedge, gate, geat, or git. The latter two
are corruptions of gate.
In gath-er-ihg, . [Pref. -in (1), and Eng.
gathering (q.v.).] The act of gathering or col-
lecting; specif., theact of getting in the harvest.
* In geT-a-ble, a. [Pref. in- (2), and En*
gclable (q.v.).] Incapable of being congealed.
* in gem i nato, a. [Lat. ingeminatus, pa.
par. of ingemino = to double : in- (intens.),
and gemino = to double ; geminut = twin,
double.] Redoubted, repeated, reiterated : at,
an ingeminate expression. (Jcr. Taylor.)
* In-gem'-l-nate, v.t. [INGEMINATE, a.] T
redouble, to repeat, to reiterate.
"Now be often did ingeminate those sad predic-
tions," Bf>. Taylor: Greit Exemplar, pt Ul., f 8.
* in-gem-i-na tlon, *. [I^t. ingeminatus,
pa. par. of ingemino = to double.] The act of
doubling or redoubling; repetition, reiteration.
"The apostle, by such an instance and iwmirut-
tion, would press ao thin a meaning." Uvpkin*\: Oir>
inont, aer. 14.
* in-gon'-der, v.t. [ENGENDER.]
* in'-gfen-er, s. [Eug. engin(e); -er.] An en.
gineer, a contriver. (Shakesp. : Hamlet, iii. 4.)
* in-ggn-er-a-bil'-I-t^ (1), . [Eng. inge-
nerable(l); -ity.] The quality or state of being
ingenerable ; incapability of being generated.
" The incorporeity and ingenerabHity of all soul*,"
Cudworth: Intellectual .iyttem. p. 115.
* in-gSn-er-^-bil'-i-t^ (2), s. [Eng. ing*
nerable(2); -ity.} Capability of being gene-
rated or engendered.
v in-gen'-eiva-ble (l) t a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. generable (q.v.).J Incajtable of being
generated or engendered.
" Neither ingenernble nor Incorruptible substanoM."
Bagb : Works, i. 603.
* in-gen'-er-a-ble (2), a. [Lat. ingenero =
to generate, to engender.] Capable of being
ingenerated or produced within.
* in-gen'-er-a-bljf, adv. [Eng. ingenerab(U)
(1) > -^-] So as not to be generable.
" Endued with all those several forms and qualitlM
of bodies ingenerably and iucoiTui>tibly." Cudurvrtk :
Intellectual System, p. as.
* In-gSn'-er-ate, v.t. [INGENERATE (l), a.]
To generate or produce within ; to engender.
"Whereby this opinion and persuasion hath been in-
ffeneratctlnnn;i.\ikiin\."lla[f:tirt'j. of Mankind, p. 2U
* In gen' er ate (1), a. [Lat. ingeneratu t
pa. par. of iugenero: in- = ia, within, ana
genera = to generate.]
1. Inborn, innate, inbred.
2. Born, engendered, generated.
" Pure and vnspotted from all loathly crlm^
That is inyenerate in fleshly slime/'
Spenter : F. .. III., vL L
* in-gSn'-er-ate (2), a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
generate (q.v.).] Not generated ; unbegotten.
* in gen'-er at-ed, a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. genf.rated (q.v.).J [INGEKERATE (2).]
* in-ge'-ni-ate, v.t. & i. [Lat. ingenium^
genius.]
A. Trans. : To contrive, to invent.
"And I most all I can ingentot*,"
i' i,,ui ; A funeral Po*m,
B. Intrans. : To contiive, to plan. (Duntel:
The Complaint of Rosamond.)
* In-ge-ni-ftB'-f-t& a. [Lat. ingenious) = in-
genious ; -ity.] Ingenuity, skill, cleverness,
cunning.
in-ge'-ni-OUS, a. [Fr. ingenieux, from Lat.
ingeniosus = clever, from ingenium = genius,
cleverness.]
M. Formerly combining, with the meaning
which we now attach to it, Jie signification
also which we attribute to ingenuous ; fn
other words, it was applied indifferently to in-
tellectual and moral qualities, instead of being
limited to the former as it is now.
" He Is neither wise nor faithful, but a flatterei
that denies Ms spirit injenlout freedom." U<wktt.
L1/e<tfAbp. Wtitiumt, pt. L, p. 150.
2. Possessed of genius, natural capacity,
or talent ; skilful, or ready to invent or con-
trive ; inventive, clever.
3. Pertaining to, or characterized by inge-
nuity or genius ; clever ; curious in design 01
contrivance.
" A succession of ingentout and spirited pamphlet*."
.Vacaultty : Hiit. hug., ch, xvi.
* 4. Dwelling in the mind ; heartfelt, con-
scious.
" That cursed head.
Whose wicked deed thy moat ingentout sens*
Deprived thee of." Shakwp. : Hamltt, T. L
* 5. Intellectual, mental.
" A coarse of learning and ingenious studies,"
SHaketp. : Tanuny of the Shrno, L L
boll, bo^; pout, jo%l; cat, 9011, chorus, fhin, bench; go, gem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, yenophon, exist, ph =- (
-dan, -tlan = shan. tion. -slon - shun ; -flom, -slon - zhua. -clous, -tious, -atous - shos. -We, -die, &c. = bel, deL
4674
Ingeniously In grain
ln-ge'-n$-ous-l& adv. [Eng ; ingenious : -ly.}
In an ingenious manner; with ingenuity or
skill ; cleverly.
" Their Implement* for fishing and hunting, which
are both In'jKmnutfy contrived and well made. Coo*:
Third Voyage, bk. iv.. ch. UL
an-ge'-nl-ousi-nSss, s. [Bug. ingenious;
-nets.] The quality or state of being ingenious ;
Ingenuity.
" He shewed as little Ingenuity M (nenioutn"
JWIor/ uVnarol ICorUliai of England, oh. XXV.
In-gen'-Ite. *In-gen-It, a.
<*, pa. par. of ingigno : in- = in, and fftgno =
to engender.) Innate, inborn, Inbred ; native,
natural.
"There is not only In the mind of man an tnyenit
sense of tvr/w and Ivjnestum." Houth : Simon*. VOL
ix., ser. 8.
Ingenue (pron. ang'-nu), s. [Fr.] An in-
genuou.s artbss, naive girl or young woman ;
one who displays candour or simplicity in
circumstances where it is not expected. Used
often of female parts in plays ; also au actress
who plays such parts.
In-ge-nu'-It-jf, . [Fr. iwitnuttt, from Lat.
ingpnuitattm, ace. of ingenuitas, from ingenuus
= free-born, cat-did ; Sp. ingemddad.]
* 1. Ingenuousness, openness, fairness, can-
dour.
Christian simplicity teaches openness and ing*
Ver. Taylor : Sermons, ser. 14, pt 11
2. The quality or state of being Ingenious ;
the power of ready invention ; cleverness,
skill, cunning ; readiness in resources, Inven-
tiveness, ingeniousness.
" To monarch! dignity; to Jndpee sense:
To artiate ingenuity and skill."
Cotffper: Task, Iv. 797.
8. Skill or cleverness of invention ; curious-
ness of design or contrivance : as, the inge-
nuity of a machine or instrument.
*4. Cleverness, wit, genius, acuteness,
capacity.
^ Ingenuity and wit both imply acuteness
of understanding, and differ mostly In the
mode of displaying themselves. Ingenuity
comprehends invention ; wit comprehends
knowledge. One is ingenious in matters
either of art or science ; one is witty only in
matters of sentiment. (Crabb : Eng. Synon.)
In-gen'-u-ous, a. [Lat. ingmuut = free-
born, candid ; Sp. ingenut).]
L Of honourable or noble extraction ; nobly
born, free-bom.
2. Open, candid, frank, fair ; free from dis-
simulation, reserve, or disguise ; sincere.
" He would stroke
The head of modest aud ingenuous worth."
Cooper: Task, 11. 711.
S. Ingenious, clever.
" More Industrious, more ingenuous at home ; more
potent, more honourable abroad." Milton : On a Free
Commonwealth.
*JI Gcniui Is altogether a natural endow-
ment that is born with us independent of ex-
ternal circumstances : the ingtnious man
therefore displays his powers as occasion may
offer. We love the ingenuous character, on
account of the qualities of his heart ; we ad-
mire the ingenious man on account of the en-
dowments of his mind. One is ingenuous as
a man ; one is ingenious as an author : a man
confesses an action ingenuously ; he defends it
ingeniously. (Crabb : Eng. Synon.)
U For the difference between ingenuous and
frank, see FRANK.
fa gen'-u-ous-ly, adv. [Eng. ingenuous;
-ly.} In'an ingenuous manner ; openly, can-
didly, fairly, frankly.
"Others more inyenuouslu declared that they would
not ntrht In such a quarrel" Macaula]/: Hist. Eng.,
oh. xilL
fa gen'-u-ous-ness, >. [Eng. ingenuous;
-ness.]
* 1. Formerly synonymous with ingenuity,
both of them applied indifferently to intel-
lectual and moral qualities.
" By his ingenuousness, be [the good handicraftsman;
leaves his art better than he found it." fuller: Holy
State, bk. it, ch. xiii
2. The quality or state of being ingenuous ;
openness, candour, frankness.
" [He] relates with amusing ingcnuoutnets his own
mistake*," Macaulay : Hist. Eng., ch. xlx.
fa'-4en-y, * ln-gen-ie, s. [Lat ingenium.}
Ingenuity, genius, wit, cleverness.
" Some things have been discovered not only by tli.
V and Industry of mankind." Hale: Orig. v.i
tnd, p. 1M.
" In-ger'-ml-nate, v.t. [Pref. in- (intens.),
and Eng. germinate (q.v.XJ To cause to ger-
minute or sprout.
* In gest , v.t. [Lat. ingestus, pa. par. of in-
gtro : in- = in, into, aud gero = to carry.] To
throw into ; to place in, as in* the stomach.
" Nor will we affirm that iron, invested, reoeiveth in
the belly of the osteridge no alteration.' Browne .
Vulgar Errours, bk. Hi., ch. xxli.
In-ges ta, s. pi. [INGEST.]
Pkysiol. : Food.
In-gest ion (Ion as yon), >. [Lat in-
gestto, from ingestus, pa. par. of ingero.] The
act of throwing or placing in, as food in the
stomach.
Ing-ham-itoa, s. pi. [See det]
EccUs. : A small religious sect founded by
Benjamin Iiigham, one of the early Metho-
dists. Separating from his original connec-
tion, he joined the United Brethren, but soon
after founded a sect, the doctrines of which
were a modification of those of the Glassites
aud the Saudemanians.
* In-gine', s. [Lat inyenium.] Genius, inge-
nuity, talent
"If thy master ... be angry with theei I shall
suspect bis inline while I know him for it." Ben
Jonton : Every Man in his Humour, v. L
* In' gln-ouB, a. [ENOINOUS.]
In-girt, v.t. [ENGIRT.)
* fa-girt, a. [INOIBT, .] Surrounded, In-
closed, environed.
** And caused the lovely nymph to fall forlorn
lu Dia, with circumfluous seta ingirl."
Fenton : Homer Imitated.
In'-gle (1), s. [Gael, aingeal, eingeal; Cora.
* 1. A tire, a blaze.
2. A fireplace.
Ingle-nook, . The corner by the flre-
side.
" By the inale-isook . . . men still talked of elves
and goblins."/. & Brevier: English Studies, p. 215.
ingle-aide, ingle-cheek, s. The fire-
side.
" Everybody tells It. as we were dolnj. their aiu way,
by the ingle-side." Scott: Ouf Manaerlng, ch. xlt
* In'-gle (2), s. [Etym. doubtful]
1. A male favourite or paramour.
2. A sweetheart, a mistress, an engle.
"Coming, as we do. from his quondam patron*, his
dear injla nafr'ilasslnaer: CUl Ma Jam. IT. L
In'-gle, v.t. [IiTOLE (2), .] To coax, to
wheedle.
" Klst and inglrd ou thy father's knee."
bonne : ElfJH iv. ; The Perfume.
* In-glo'-bate, a, [Lat. in- = in, into, and
globatus = formed into a ball or sphere ; globus
= a ball, a sphere.] In the form of a globe
or sphere ; applied to nebulous matter col-
lected into a sphere by gravitation.
* fa-globe', v.t. [Lat. in- in, Into, and glabus
= a ball, a sphere ; Fr. englober.] To make a
globe of ; to form into a ball or sphere.
" To inglobe or Incnoe herself among the presbyters."
Milton . Reason of Church Government, bk. i., en. vi.
In-gldV-I-OUS, a. [Fr. inglorieux, from Lat.
ingloriosus, from inglariui = inglorious : in =
not, and 0!oria=glory ; Sp. & Ital. inglorioso.}
1. Not glorious ; obscnre ; unknown ; not
attended or followed by glory, honour, fame,
or celebrity.
"Some mute inglorious Milton here
2. Disgraceful, shameful, Ignominious.
"That strife
Was not inglorioHt, though the event was dire."
Milton : P. L., i. 624
In-glbV-I-ous-iy, adv. [Eng. inglorious;
-ly.] In an inglorious manner; dishonour-
ably; disgracefully; ignominiously ; ob-
scurely.
"Twere better in soft pleasure and repose
Inglorifauly our peaceful eyes to close.
benham: OJ OU, Aae, Iv.
In-glor'-I-ous-ness, . [Eng. inglorious;
-ness.] The quality or state of being in-
glorious.
"Opprest by the Inalariousness of the object,"
Mounlague: Deeoute Euayet, pt ii., tr. L, J2.
*In-glut', v.t. [Pref. in- (intens.), aud Eng.
glut (q.v.).J To glut, to stuff, to cram.
"Being one* inputted with vanitle." iscjiam:
, bk. I.
In-glu'-vl-al, a. (INOLUVIKS.) Of 01 per
taining to the ingluvles.
In-glu'-vtes, . [Lat.J
Ornith.: A crop or partial dilatation of the
oesopliagus. (Owen.)
in go ing, a. 4t s. [.Pref. in- (1), and Bug,
going (<i.f.). \
A. As adj. : Going in, entering, as into an
office, possession, &e. : as, an ingoing tenant.
B. As subst. : The act of going in or enter-
Ing ; entrance.
In-gore', v.t. [EX-GORE.)
in-gorge', v.t. & i. [ENOOROE.]
in got, . [ A.S. in- = in, and goten = poured,
pa, par. of geotttn^ to poui 1 , totuse metals ; Fr.
lingot, from I'ingot, tiw article being incor-
porated with the substantive; Ger. eiuyuss,
from geissen = to pour, to fuse.)
1. A cast mass of steel from the crucible ;
a cast mass of gold or silver, more or less
pure, for assaying ; a cast block of gold, silver,
or a properly proportioned alloy of either, for
coinage, or for working into other forms, as
watch-cases, Ac. The crude ingot of gold or
silver, after becoming assayed and brought to
the standard fineness, is cast into bars ready
for rolling, if for coin. Iran is cast into fig*,
steel into ingots ; copper at one stage into
bricks, at another into pigs; tin is run into
blocks; silver from the subliming furnace i*
in porous blocks, called bricks.
" Some gleam like silver, some outshine
Wrought ingots from Besoara s uilue.
Sir W. Jotiet : Hindu Wife.
2. A mould in which metal is cast.
" For I wot wel ingot have ye nou."
Chaucer: C. T.. 16,677.
Ingot-mould, s. A flask in which metal
is cast into blocks. The ingot mould for cast
steel is made of cast-iron. It is in two parts,
separating longitudinally, and united for use
by collar-clamps and wedges. The interior of
the mould is smokedV by the fumes of burning
pitch, so as to give it a carbonaceous coatiug.
to prevent the adherence of the cast-steel
thereto. The ingot is turned out while red
hot, and is rolled into the shape required
in gowe, . [INOOT.J
* In-grace', v.t. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng gram
(q.v.).J To introduce or receive into grace 01
favour ; to ingratiate.
"Jngraced into so high a favour there."
0. Fletcher : Christ's Triumph Over Death.
" in-gra'-cious, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
gracious (q.v.).J Not gracious ; ungracious.
"Tarquluius the Proud aud hi* tngravkms wife."
P. Bottand: Lins, p. 41.
in gran", v.t. [INGRAFT.]
In graft', v.t. Another spelling of ESORAFT
(q.v.). [GRAFTING.]
In-graft'-Sr, In-graff'-er, . [Eng. i-
grafl; -er.] One who ingrafts or grafts.
" He Is the tmraffer aud Implanter of all th
branches into thU vine." eoodwin: Triall qf *
Christian' I Orowh. (lutrod.)
" In-gralT-ment, >. [Bug. ingrrft; -mtnt.}
1. The act of ingrafting or grauiug.
2. That which Is Ingrafted,
in gralled , a. [ENOBAILED.]
Ill-grain', v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. ymi*
(q.v.).]
L Literally :
\. To dye with grain or kennes.
2. To dye in the grain or raw material before
It is manufactured.
1L Figuratively:
1. To work Into the natural texture ; to Irr
bue thoroughly ; to impregnate ; to saturate.
" Our fields ingrained with blood, OUT rivers dy'd."
Daniel: Civil Wars, bk. iii.
2. To work Into the mental constitution, so
as to form an essential element ; to iuwork.
Ill-grain', a. & . [Eng. in-, and grain,']
A. As adjective:
L Literally:
L, Dyed with grain or kermes.
2. Dyed in the grain, or before manufacture,
H. Fig. ' Thoroughly imbued or worked in.
B. As subst. : A yarn or fabric dyed with
fast colours before manufacture.
Ate at. fare, amidst, what, ail, to Her; we, wet, here, camel, her, there; pine, pit, sire, air, marine; go, pot,
r. wore, wtjlt; work, who, son; mute, cub. cure, unite, cur. rule, full; try, Sfriaru 89. ce = e; c;
ingrapple inhabitance
2675
ingrain - carpet, s. A carpet manu-
factured from wool or woollen dyed in the
grain (before manufacture). These carpets
iire extensively m;umf;ictured in Philadelphia,
:ilso at Kklil.-nnnmter, England, and in Scot
iiiiid. They are ordinarily known as two-ply or
three-ply, according to the number of webs
of which the fabric is composed.
Ingrain-carpet loom : A loom in which two
or more shuttles, one for the ground and the
other for the figure, are employed.
In-grap'-ple, * in -gra -pie, v.t. & i.
[Pref. in- (1), and Eng. grapple (q.v.).]
A. Trans. : To grapple, to seize hold of.
" Neither to mid free themselves, but were ingrapled
together.' 1 Fuller: Worthies; Lincolnshire.
B. Intrans. : To grapple, to wrestle.
" Attd with their armed paws ingrappted dreadfully.
Drayton: Ptfy.Qlbion, a. 12.
In eras i as, . [Signor Ingrasalas an
Italian physician.]
A not. : See etym. and compound.
Tf Wings of Ingrassias :
Anat. : The small wings (alee minores) of the
sphenoid bone ; their extremities nearly touch
the great wings.
in grate, * in-grate', a. & s. [Lat. ingra-
tvs, from in = not, and gratia = agreeable,
grateful ; Fr. ingrat ; Ital. & Sp. ingrato.]
A* As adjective :
1. Unpleasant to the senses ; disagreeable.
"The causes of that which Is impleaatng or inffrate
to the hearing." Bacon: Hat. ffitt.
2. Ungrateful ; not having feelings of grati-
tude.
"01 man tnyrate and maid deceived."
Scott : Lord of the Ittet, V. 2.
S. Thankless, unpleasant, disagreeable.
"A very inffrate ami unthankful part." IfortK :
ftutarch, p. 891.
B. As sitbst. : An ungrateful person.
" Inyrate, he had of me
All he eonld have." Milton : P. L.. ill. W.
In grate ful, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
grateful (q.v.).]
* 1. Unpleasant to the senses.
" May of purest spirits be found
No ingrateful food." Milton : P. L.. V. 407.
2. Ungrateful.
" Ingrateful savage, and Inhuman creature 1 "
Shaketp. : Henry l'., H. t.
* In-grate'-ful-ljr, adv. [Eng. ingrateful;
ly.} In an ungrateful manner ; ungratefully.
" Ingritefully contemning all we have." Bo. Sail:
Seaven upon Earth, f 26.
In -grate'- ful -ness, *. [Eng. ingrateful;
ness.] The quality or state of being ingrate-
ful ; ungratefulness.
'Xn'-gratfr-l&adv. [Eng. ingraft ; -ly.} Un-
gratefully.
In-gra -ti-ate (ti as shi), v.f. & i. [Lat. in-
= in, into, and gratia favour, grace; Sp.
engraciar ; Ital. ingraziare.]
A. Transitive:
1. To put or bring into favour; to com-
mend, insinuate, rr introduce to the goodwill,
confidence, or favour of another; used only
reflexively, with the prep, with before the
person whose favour is sought or gained.
" Lysimachus tnffratiated himself both wtih Philip
Mid his pupil." Addtson: Spectator. No. 337,
*2. To commend; to render easy or pleasant.
"What difficulty would it [the love of Christ] not
ingratiate to usT"- I/antmontl : Workt. Iv. 664.
B. Intrans. : To gain favour ; to b*come
rieniHy or agreeable.
" They took that proposition as an artifice, to ingra.
tiate with the States hryund the rest of their allies."
Sir W. Temple: J/ tnoirt from 16T2 to 1879.
In-graf-i-tude, s. [Fr., from Lat. ingruti-
tiuit> = unthankfulnoss, from ingrains = un-
j'ii'asant, unthankful; Sp. ingratitud; Ital.
ingratitndine.} Want of gratitude for kind-
ness or favours received or done ; insensibility
to favours or kindness ; retribution of evil for
good ; lint hank fulness.
"To heap ingratitude on worthiest deeds."
Milton : Samton Affontatet, 378.
* ln-gra-tu'-i-t^, s. [Lat. ingratit(s) un-
grateful; Eng. sutf.-tty.J Ingratitude. (Dames:
Microcosmos, p. 19.)
in-grave (1), v.t. Another spelling of EN-
GRAVED & 2) (q.v.).
* in-grav'-i-date, v.t. fLat. ingravidatus,
pa. par. of ingravido: in- (intens.), suulgravido
= to make heavy, to impregnate ; gravidus =
heavy.) To impregnate, to make pregnant.
"They may he so pregnant and tnynifiiiuted with
lustful thought*." fttlltr.' Holy State, p. 35.
* in-grav-I-da'-tlon, *. [INORAVIDATE.;
The act of ingra vidating or impregnating ; the
state of being ingmvidated or made (pregnant.
* in-great', v.t. [Pref. in- (intens.), and Eng.
great (q.v.).] To make great, to magnify, to
enlarge, to exalt.
"Others, to inffreat themselves, might strain tr._._
than the strong will be*r."Abp. Abbot: Speech on
Kushanrth'i Collection* i. 155.
* in grc di en9e, * in-gre di en-9y s.
[Lat. ingrediens, pr. par. of ingredior.]
1. Entrance ; walking in.
"The temple they perfume with frankeuoenie
Thus ptuincMabr at tiundtenoe,*
Vieart: Virgil. (Kara.)
2. The quality or state of being ingredient.
"It should tie upon the account of its ingrediency,
and not uf its use. Boyle: Work*. 1. 618.
in-gre' di ent, s. & a. [Fr., from Lat. in-
grediens, pr. par. of ingredior = to enter upon,
to begin : in- = in, into, and gradior = to walk,
to go. The word is explained in the Glossary
to Philemon Holland's translation of Pliny's
Nat. Hist., A.D. 1601, as if then of recent in-
troduction into English.]
A* As substantive:
1. That which enters into & compound as
an element, or is a component part of any
compound or mixture ; an element.
" The love of Nature's works
la an ingredient in the compound man."
Gowper: Task, IT. 732.
* 2. A person going In or entering. (Adams :
Works, i. 59.)
* B. As adj. : Forming an ingredient or
component part in a compound or mixture.
"The first, or Hebrew tongue, which seems to be
ingredient into so many languages." Browne; Mitcel-
lanit-t, tract viii.
in'-gress, s. [Lat. ingressus, from ingredior
to go or walk in ; Sp. ingreso ; Ital. in-
ffresso.]
I. Ordinary Language :
1. The act of entering or going in ; entrance,
" On pain of death, my lord, am I com minified
To stop all in-jrttt to the palace."
Coleridge : Zapolya. L
2. Power or liberty of entrance ; means of
entering.
II. Astron. : The entrance of the moon into
the shadow of the earth in eclipses ; the en-
trance of the sun into a sign, &c.
in gross', v.i. [INGRESS, .] To go In or
enter. (Annandale.')
* in gress ion (as as sh), s. [Lat. ingressio,
from, ingressus, pa. par. of ingredior; Fr.ingres-
sion.] The act of entering ; entrance, ingress.
"Mercury . . . may happily' have a more powerful
ingreuion into gold toan any other body whatever."
Ingby : Of Bodies, ch. xv.
* fctt-greV-SU, s. [Lat. ; ablat. sing, otingres-
Law : A writ, now obsolete, of entry into
lands or tenements.
* in-greV-vus, *. [Lat.] [INGRESS.]
Law : The relief which the heir at full age
paid to the head lord for entering upon the
fee, or lands fallen by the death or forfeiture
of the tenant.
* in -grieve', v.t. [Pref. in- (intens.), and
Eng. grieve (q.v.>] To make more grievous ;
to aggravate.
*fcl-gro6ve', v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng.
groove (q.v.).] To groove in ; to flx or join,
as in a groove.
* In-gross', v.t. [ENGROSS.]
In'-grdw-Xng, s. [Pref in-, and Eng. grow-
ing.] The growing inward.
1" Ingrowing of the nails:
Pathol. ; A painful condition in which the
side of the nail is pressed into the flesh of the
great toe at its margin. The chief cause is
ill-fltting boots. Called also Onyxis (q.v.).
'-t^, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
guitty (q.v.).) Not guilty ; innocent, guilt-
less.
"Not inouttty of any indignity that he hath put
upon his favourite. /i]>. Hall: Contempt.; ffaman
Banged,
in'-guin al (u as w), a. [Fr., from Lat. i*.
gu'uudiS) from inguen (genit. ingitini6) th*
groin.] Pertaining or relating to the groin.
"The plague seenu to IMS a particular disease, cha-
racterised with eruptions In buboes, by the inflamma-
tion and supmiratiujt of the axilUry, inguinal, and
other glands. Artiuthnot.
* In-gtiir, * in gulph', v.t. [Pref. in- (IX
and Eng. gulf (q.v. ).J
1. To swallow up, as in a gulf or whirlpool ;
to overwhelm by swallowing.
" Thence, in the porous earth
Lung wlillt; iit'juiphed,"
Muton : English Garden, bk. U.
2. To cast, as into a gulf.
" If we adjoin to the lords, whether they prevail or
not, we ingutf ourselves Into assured danger." Bag'
VHtl-d.
"fai-giilf-ment, . [Eng. ingulf; -ment.}
The act of ingulfing; the state of being in-
gulfed.
* Xn-gur'-fei-tate, v.t. & <. [Lat. ingurgi-
tatus, pa. par. of ingurgito : in- ^ in, into, and
gurges (genit. gurgitia)=it\\G throat; Fr. in~
gurgiter; Sp. ingurgttar; Ital. ingurgitare.]
A. Transitive:
1. To swallow down greedily ; to devour
greedily.
2. To plunge into ; to ingulf,
" Let him in;nii-,fi'ate himself never so deep."
Fotherbu : Atheoma.-,tix,'\>. 2M.
B. Intrans. : To eat greedily ; to devour, to
gorge.
"To eat and inffurtjtfate beyond all measure, 'LRixany
doe." Burton.' Anatomy of Melancholy , p. 236.
* fri-gur-gi-ta'-tion, * in gour gy ta-
tion, 8. [JLat. ingurgttatio, from ingurgitatut t
pa. par. of ingurgito ; Fr. ingurgitation.] The
act of swallowing or devouring greedily or in
great quantities.
"Too much abstinence turnes vice, and too much
inffurgitafion la one of the seven." Bishop Bali: Of
Cementation, 1 13.
* in giist'-a-ble, * in gust-1-ble, a. [Pref.
in- (2), and Eng. gustable (q.v.).] IncapabU
of being tested ; not perceptible to the taste.
"The body of the element Is inguttable, void of all
sapiility." Browne: Vulgar Erroun, bk. Ii., ch. xrL
* in-hab-Il*, a. [Fr., from Lat. inkabilis,
from in- = not, and habilis = skilful ; Sp.
inhabit; Ital. inabile.}
1. Not apt, fit, or suited ; unfit, inconve
nient
2. Unskilled, unqualified,
l'-*-t3f, s. [Fr., inhabiliti, from
inhafale.] The quality or state of being in
habile ; unfitness, uu.-iptiiess, unskilfuliicss,
inability. (Barrow: Sermons, vol. i., ser. 1.)
in-hab'-it, v.t. & i. [Fr. inhabiter, from Lat
inhabito ; from in- in, and kabito to dwell,
a frequent, from habeo=. to have.]
A. Trans. ; To live or dwell in ; to occupy
as a place of settled residence.
" The Aborigines, who fit that time inhabited those
purta." P. JJolland: Livitis, p. a
B. Intrans. : To live, to dwell, to reside, to
abide.
"Who built It, who inhabits there?"
Cotaper: Olney llymnt, xlr.
N in-hab'-it, * in hab ite, . [INHABIT, v.}
Iuhabite<l.
" Sith &nt_inhabite was the luiid."
Chaucer: Dreamt.
* in-hftb'-Xt-a-ble (1), a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. habitable (q.v.).J Not habitable; that
cannot be inhabited or lived iu.
" Some inhabitable place
Where the hot ran and allnie breed naught but
monsters." Ben Jonton : Catiline, r. 3,
in hab it a ble (2), a. [Fr., from Lat. fn-
habitabilis, from inhabito= to inhabit.] Capa-
ble of being inhabited; tit for inhabitation*
habitable.
"All which live
In the itittitbitabl* world." Donne : Lamtnttittotu.
in hab' it an9e, in hab'- it- an- 9y, .
[Eng. inhabitant); -ce; -cy.]
1. The quality or state of being an inhabit-
ant ; permanent residence in a town, city, or
parish ; the domiciliation which the law re-
quires to make a pauper entitled to relief from
the parish, town, city, &c., in which he lives ;
habitancy.
* 2. Habitation, dwelling.
" Nothing, sir, but poverty and hunger;
No promise of MMMmMMi
Seaum. * flat. : Sea Voyage, ir. 1.
*6il, b^; pout, Jrf^l; cat, 9011, chorus, 9hin, bench; go, gem; thin, ^his; sin, as; expect, Xenophon, exist. -in.
-dan, tian = shan. -tion. -slon shun; -(ion* -sion = zhun. -tious. -sious, -cious = slids. -ble, -die. &c. bel. deL
J676
inhabitant inheritance
3. Inhabitation ; the state of being in-
hibited.
" Bo the rnln. yet peeling In the wild moor, testify
a former inhabitance." Carete : Survey of Cornwall.
in-nab'-it-ant, " In-hab-yt^an. *ln-
hab yt-aimt, *. [Lat. inhabifans, pr. par.
of inhabito = to inhabit.] One who dwells,
lives, or resides permanently in a place ; one
who has a fixed residence in any place, as
distinguished from an occasional visitor or
.
" MUchlef. that black Inhabitant of hell."
Drujfton: Baroiu' Wart, bk. 1L
' an-bab'-l-tate, v.t. [Lat. inhaMtatu*, pa
par. of inhaliito = to inhabit) To inhabit,
to dwell in.
" Of all the people which inhabitau Asia." P. Hol-
land LMul, p. 89J.
In hab i ta tion, * In-hab-y-tft-cy-on,
i. [Lat. inhabitatio.] [INHABIT.]
1. The act or state of inhabiting ; the state
of being inhabited.
" From thli Inhabitation a nnmerlcal unity may be
effected." Of. Bull : Worti, voL ii.. due. 4.
*2. A habitation, a dwelling, a residence,
n abode.
3. A qviantity or number of inhabitants;
population.
" We shall rather admire how the earth contained
iU tiiliiO'iUuU thail duuhl ita inhabitation." Brown* :
Tulgar irrours, bk. vl.. ch. vL
li-hab'-i-ta-tive, a. [Lat. inhabitatus, pa.
par. of inhabito ; Enj;. adj. suff. -ii*. J Of or
pertaining to inhabitation.
ln-hab'-i-ta-tive-nes, . [Eng. inhabita-
tive ; -ness.]
Phrenol. : The organ which is said to prompt
men to inhabit particular spots in preference
to others, thus imbuing them with love of
home. It is situated on the centre part of
the back of the head, having around it Self-
U ,n, Love of Approbation, Adhesiveness,
and Philoprogenitiveness. Called by Combe
Conoentrativeness.
an-nab'-it-Stl, a. [Pref. In- (2), and Lat.
habito = to Inhabit.] Not inhabited ; unin-
habited.
" Othen, In Imitation of aome Tallant knte hta, have
frequented desarts and Inhabited provinces. Brailh-
Mitte: Sumi of Ubtortet. (1614.)
in hab'-Jt-er, s. [Eng. inhabit; -er.) One
who inhabits, an inhabitant, a dweller, a
resident.
" To (eight wyth thlnhaoUen on the farther ilde ol
the Rhine." Ooldinge : Cottar, to. 148.
in nab I tress, * ln-lib-l-tree, .
[Eng. inhabiter; -as.} A female who inhabits,
female Inhabitant.
ABMMMMaji
On this thy wood-crowned hill."
Chapman : Hymn* to FemM.
In -ha ble, r.i. [ENABLE.]
Inhal'-ant, In-hal'-ent, a. [Lat in-
italeni, pr. par. of inhalo = to inhale (q.v.).]
That inhales; inhaling.
In hal a tion, . [Fr., from Lat, inhatatui,
pa. par. of inhalo.]
1. The act of inhaling.
2. That which is inhaled.
I For therapeutical purposes there are
Iodine, turpentine, and creosote, hydrocyanic
and other inhalations.
In hale , v.t [Lat. inhalo, from in- = in, into,
and halo = to breathe.] To draw Into the
lungs ; to inspire ; to suck in.
" That play of lungs, inhnUna and again
Hiring frl,U, fre.h
* in honce , v.t. [ENHANCE.]
* in har mon ic, * m har mon -ic-al, a.
[Pref. in- (2), and Eng. harmonic, liarmanical
(q.v.).] Not harmonic, not harmonious, dis-
cordant.
H Inharmonic relation :
Music: That in which a discordant sound is
Introduced.
in har mo -nl ofis, o. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. harmonious (q.v.); Fr. inharmonieux.]
Not harmonious ; discordant, unmusical.
" His own verses inharnuatlaut flow."
Francit : Horace ; Satim, bk. L, X.
adv. [Eng. inhar-
monious; -ly.] In an inharmonious or dis-
cordant manner; discordantly, without har-
mony.
in-har-md'-ni-ous-n&ss, . [Eng. inhar-
monious; -ness.] The quality or state of being
inharmonious ; want or absence of harmony ;
discord.
"Shocked at the Inharmonioianea of a verse."
Search : Light of Nature, vol. I., pt. i., ch. xili
* in-har'-mon-y, >. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
harmony (q.v.); Fr. inharmonic.] Want or
absence of harmony ; discord.
In haul. In -haul-er, J. [Pref. in- (1), and
Eng. haul, hauler (q.v.).]
Jfcmt. : A rope or purchase for rigging-in the
'jib-boom, studding-sail-boom, or other spar.
* In haunt' , v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and haunt, v.]
To frequent, to keep near.
"This creeke with run lug paasadge the channel in-
haunteth." Stanihura : rirgil ; Jneld i. 168.
* in-hausf , v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and En 8-
haust, s. (q.v.).] To drink eagerly.
" lie wa. inhautting hi* .moklng tea, which went
rolling and gurgling down his throat" Io'*- -
Book of Jfnooj, ch. xxll.
in-heid', pa. par. or o. [INHOLD, . ]
In-here, t>.t. [Lat. in*reo=tto stick fast
in : in- = In, and Kama = to stick.) To exist
or be nxed permanently and strongly in ; to
be permanently incorporated in ; to belong,
as an attribute or quality ; to be Innate, in-
born, or inbred ; to be inherent.
" For. nor In nothing, nor In thing.
Extreme and scattering bright,
m-hal'-er, . [Eng. inhale); -tr.]
L Ord. Lang. : One who inhales.
n. Tech. : An apparatus to filter and warm
the air respired by persons with delicate
lungs, or by those subjected to a deleterious
atmosphere.
(1) For consumptives it consists of a repli-
cated wire-gauze tissue ; a respirator.
(2) For cutlers and others subjected to an
atmosohere of iron dust, it is a magnetic tissue
which vrtests the dust.
(3) An instrument for inhaling or inwardly
applying medicated vapours or anaesthetic
agents.
(4) An apparatus to enable a fireman, miner,
r diver to work in a poisonous or heated at-
mosphere, or in water, carrying with him a
apply of vital air. [FILTER, ., 3.]
In-beV-enee, in-hey-en--??. . [Fr. inher-
ence 8p. inhcrencia, from Lat. inhasrent, pr.
par. of inhatreo = to inhere (q.v.).] The qua
Uty or state of being inherent ; the state of
inhering.
" It to I that am pleated with beholding hi* gaiety.
and the gay man In hie greatest _ bravery la only
pTeased because I am pleased with the "light; BO
borrowing hit little and Imaginary complacency from
the delight that I have, not from any hOurmcn of hit
own po.aee.lou."-*>. Ta,lar : *rmiu, ToL 1L. Mr. 18.
in-heV-ent, o. [Lat. inhareni, pr. par. of
inhamo = to inhere (q.v.) ; Fr. inherent ; Sp.
inherente ; Ital. inerente.]
1. Sticking fast in or to ; not to be re
moved ; inseparable.
By my body's action, teach my mind
A meet inherent bnaeneM. 1
ShaJutp- ' Cortatanut, ill. 3.
2. Naturally conjoined or attached ; innate
inborn.
" Those vice, which are inherent in the nature of all
coalition.. " Jtacaulay : Silt. Eng., ch. xvli.
U Inherent denotes a permanent quality or
property, as opposed to that which is adven
titious and transitory. Inbred denotes tha
property which is derived principally froir
habit or by a gradual process, as opposed tc
the one acquired by actual efforts. Inbort
denotes that which is purely natural. Inborn
and innate are precisely the same in meaning
yet they ditfer somewhat in application
Poetry and the grave style have adopted in-
iiorn ; philosophy has adopted innate. (Crabb
Eng. Synon.)
in-her'-^nt-ly, adv. [Eng. inherent; -ly.} In
an inherent manner ; by inherence.
"Matter hAth inkertntlH and essentially inch an
Internal energy." Benllty : Strmont. 8.
in-bSr'-.t, * In-her-yt, * in-lter-yte, ..
& i. [O. Fr. enheriter, from Lat. hceredit
to inherit, from hceres (genit. hceredie) = a
heir ; Sp. heredar; Port, herdar; Ital. eredare
A. Transitive :
L Ordinary Language :
1. In the same sense as II.
2. To receive or derive from a progenitor or
ancestor as part of one's nature, either physical
or mental.
" Her deposition she Inherit!.'
Shaketp. : Alfl WOUnat Sndt WtU, L L
3. To possess ; to enjoy ; to receive as a
possession by gift or divine appropriation ; to
own.
" What shall I do. that I may Inherit eternal life !"
Mattheio x. 17.
* 4. To receive ; to take in.
" A grave
Whoee hollow womb inherit* nought but buuefc"
Shaketp. : Ittchard II., ii. L
* 5. To contain ; to hold.
* 6. To put in possession ; to setee. (Fol-
lowed by of.)
" It must be great that can inherit us
80 much as of a thought of ill In him.
SHatai'. : Klchard I!., 1. L
IL Law : To take by descent from an an-
cestor ; to take by succession as the repre-
sentative of a former possessor ; to receive as
a right or title descendible by law from an
ancestor at his death.
'Phauiax the elder. inherUyng the kyngdosa.
accordyng to the custome of their countrie.
Ooldjfitg : Juttine, to. 171.1
B. Intrans. : To take, receive, or have a
an inheritance, possession, or property ; to
take or come into possession as an heir ; to be
an heir. (Sometimes followed by to or in.)
"Thou shalt not inherit In our father's house."
Judffel xt 2.
* Jn-hSr-it-a-bis'-i-ty, s. [Eng. inherttabU;
-ity.] The quality or state of being inheritabl*
or descendible to heirs.
in-ll8r'-it-a-ble, a. [Eng. inherit; -oWe.]
1. Capable of being inherited ; descendible
from the ancestor to the heir by course of
law ; transmissible as an inheritance.
" When it became inheritable, the inheritance
long indefeasible." Blackttone : Comment., bk. ii., ok-i.
* 2. Capable of being transmitted from a
parent or ancestor to a child : as, inheritabU
virtues or vices.
* 3. Capable of or qualified for inheriting or
receiving by descent.
" Lest the ladle, privily should counterfeit the *
heritable aex." Mden .- /Must to Dratton'i ftdr-
(XMon,|U.
* in-hir'-l't-a-bljf, adv. [Eng. inheritab(k) ;
-ly.] By way of inheritance ; so as to be in-
heritable or transmissible as an inheritance.
in her It an9e, * In hear it ancc, in-
ber-it-annoe, . [Eng. inherit; -ana.)
L Ordinary Language :
1. The act or state of inheriting or receiving
an estate as heir to another.
"Yon shall understand that Darius came not tofcto
empyre by inheritance, but got into y seate of Cyrus
by the beueate of Bagoas, hys eunuche.--r*.-
Vllinlul Cartha, fo. 143.
2. That which is inheritable ; that wkick
may be inherited or transmitted by succession
from an ancestor to his heir.
" To you the inheritance belongs by right."
Sfienler: F. V-, 1. IV. -
3. A possession received or acquired by gift
or of grace or favour ; a permanent or valuabl
possession, received or enjoyed by divin
favour or appropriation.
" When the SOD dies, let the inheritance
Descend unto the daughter."
ShaJcesp. : Henry I .. i. t.
* 4. Possession, acquisition, ownership.
" Which had returned
To the inheritance at Fortiubras."
ShalKtp. : Hamlet, L L
H Technically :
1. BM. : Darwin considers the inheritance
of every character to be the rule, and non-
inheritance the anomaly. Peculiarities tend
to appear in the offspring at a corresponding
age to that at which they arose in the parent,
if not earlier. One appearing in a particular
sex is often transmitted to that sex only.
Sometimes there is a reversion to the charac-
teristics of a remote ancestor. (Darwt*:
Orig. of Species (1882), pp. 10, 67.)
2 Law : A )rpetual or continuing right to
an estate invested in a person and his heirs.
There are nine " canons of inheritance : three
may be quoted-<l) That inheritance shall, m
the first place, descend to the issue of the lai
purchaser in infnitum; (2) that the male
issue shall be admitted before the female;
(3) that where two or more of the male se
are in equal degree of consanguinity txi the
purchaser, the eldest only shall inherit, but
the females all together. (WTutrton.)
e ISt ttire, amidst" what, fall, lather; we, wSt, hire, cameL her, there;
r. wore, welt, work, who, son ; mute, ciib. cure, unite, cur. rule, full ; try,
pine, pit, sire, sir, marine; go, pot,
Syrian, se, ea^e; ey = a. qu - kw.
inheritant iniquity
2677
1 la-her -I-tant, a. [Eng. inherit ; -ant.] In-
herent.
" Inheritant in the Divine nature." Briton : Divine
Contideration*, p. 8.
fa-aer'-It-or, *. [Eng. inherit ; -or.] One
who inherits ; an heir ; one who receives or is
entitled to receive by inheritance.
" The freed inheritor* of hell."
tlyron : The Giaour.
ia-heV-I-tress, ' ia-aer'-I-trix, s. [Eng.
inherit ; -ress, -rix.] A female who inherits ;
jui heiress.
"To wit, no female
Should be inheritrix in Salique laud."
Shakes)*. Hcnr.'i F., L i
* In-heV -t-triy a t 5. [Eng. inheritor); -rice =
rix.] An Inheritress, an heiress.
la herse, * la-hearse', v.t. [Pref. in-(l),
and Eng. herse, hearse, (q.vA] To put in a
hearse ; to inclose as in a coffin.
" See. where he lie* inhcned In the arms
Of the must bloody iiurser of his harms."
Shake*?. : 1 Henry VI., IT. 7.
* In- he'-3lon, *. [Lat. inhasio, from inhcesum,,
p. of inhcereo = to stick, to inhere.] The
state of being inherent in ; inherence.
" The notion of a subject of inhesion." - Rrid : Inttlt.
Powert. Ess. it., ch. fUL
* Ia'-hi-ate, v.t. [Lat. inhiatum, sup. of inhio
= to open the month, to gape : in- (intens.),
and hio = to gape.] To gape upon, to desire
eagerly. (Bccon : Works, i. 253.)
* In hl-a' tlon, *. [Lat. inhiatio, from in-
hiatum, sup. of inhio.] [!MHIATE.] A gaping
after, eager desire.
"An inhi'ition after obscene lusta." Bp. Salt:
Bonour of Married Clergy, bk. L, \ 1
fa nib it, *tn-ayb-yte, v.t. [Lat. inAi&-
itus, pa. i*ar. of inhibeo to have in hand, to
check : in,- = in, and habeo = to have ; Sp. A
Port, inhibir; Fr. inliiber.]
L Ordinary Language :
1. To restrain, to hinder, to repress, to
heck.
" The stars aud planets being whirled about with
rrent velocity, would suddenly, did nothing inhibit it.
be shattered in pieces." Kay: On the Creation.
2. To prohibit, to forbid, to interdict.
" Burial may not be inhibited or denied to any one."
Ajftifft .' Pareryon.
U, Eccles. Law: To forbid or prohibit from
exercising the office of a priest.
fa alb' -It -er, A. [Eng. inAi&tt; -er.]
1, Ord. Lang. : One who inhibits.
2. Scots Law : One who takes out an inhibi-
tion, as against a wife or debtor.
In hi bl tion, * in hi bi ci on, s. [Lat
inhibitio, from inhibitus t pa. par. of inhibeo;
Vr. inhibition; Sp. inhibition ; Ital. inibi-
tione.}
I. Ord. Lang. : The act of inhibiting or pro-
hibiting ; embargo ; prohibition ; the state of
being inhibited.
" Lay a negative bar and inhibition upon that which
Is agreed to by a whole parliament." J/ttfon ; Sikono-
elattft.
IL Law.
1. English Law :
(1) (See extract.)
"Inhibition la a writ to Inhibit or forbid a Judge
from farther proceeding in the cause depending before
him. Inhibition IB most commonly a writ iMOrag out
of a higher court Christian to a lower and inferior,
upon an appeal : trod prohibition out of the Icing's
court to a court Christian, or an Inferior temporal
court." Cowel.
(2) Eccles. Law : An order of court forbid-
ding a priest from exercising ministerial duties.
2. Scots Law :
(1) Inhibition against a wife at the instance
of a husband is a writ passing the signet,
which prohibits all and sundry from transact-
ing business with the wife or giving her credit.
(2) An inhibition against ft debtor is a writ
passing under the signet, whereby the debtor
or party inhibited is prohibited from con-
tracting any debt which may become a burden
on his heritable property, or whereby his
heritage may be attached or alienated to the
prejudice of the inhibitor's debt
* la- hllde, v.t. [Pref. in- (1), ai
= to pour.) To pour in or into.
la-hive', v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. hive
(q.v.).] To put in or into a hive ; to hive.
' in hold, v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. hold
(q.v.).] To hold in or within ; to contain,
to have inherent.
" It Is disputed, whether this light first created be
the same winch the aim inhuldeth ami caatcth forth, or
whether it had continuance any longer than till the
sun i creation." Kaleiyh: ffitt. ft/ the World, bk. L,
ch. 1., | 7.
a-h6Id'-er f *. [Eng. inhold; -er.] An in-
habitant.
" And eTery part's inholdert to convert"
Spent*-: F. <j.. V1L Tit 17.
'la-hoop', v.t. [Pref. in-, and Eng. hoop
(q.v.).] To inclose in a hoop; to confine in
any place.
" His quail* ever
Beat mine inhoop'd at odds."
Shaketp. : Antony * Cltopatro, U. 8.
In hos pit a ble, a. [Fr., Sp. inhosped-
abie ; Ital. inospitale.]
1. Not hospitable ; not willing or inclined
to show hospitality to strangers; unwilling
to entertain guests, or entertaining them
reluctantly.
" He found the inhabitants of a little village so in-
hotpitabl."Bp. Taylor: Great Exemplar, pt 111.,
114.
2. Affording no convenience, subsistence, or
shelter to strangers.
" Dreary and inhotpitablt wattes." Blair, vol. v.,
er. L
In hos pit a ble n6s, a. [Eng. inhospita-
ble; -ness.] The quality or state of being in-
hospitable ; inhospitality.
" The inhotpUableneu of the place," ftoWjrn ;
Memoirt. vol. i. (in).
In hos pit a-bly, adv. [Eng. inhospitable) ;
-ly.] In an" inhospitable manner; without
hospitality.
" For what you call inhotpitaMy drear.
To me with beauty aud delight api>ear."
Francii: foract; fpittUt, t xiv.
* in housed', a. [Pref. in- (1) ; Eng. hous(t);
and sutl 1 . -cd.] Housed. (G. Markham : Sir
R. GrinuiU, p. 51.)
In 1m man, in hu mane, *Ia-au-
maiae, a. [Fr. inhumain, from Lat. inhu~
manus, from in- = not, and humanus = hu-
man, gentle ; Sp. inhumano ; Ital. inunw.no.}
1. Not human or humane ; destitute of a
feeling of kindness or tenderness towards
one's fellow-creatures ; barbarous, cruel, sav-
age, unfeeling.
" What wretch inhuman?, or what wilder blood."
Browne : Britannia'* Pattoralt. bk. ii.. a, 1.
2. Characterized or marked by inhumanity
or cruelty.
" The crueltie of the Frenchemen and of their inhu-
wa*ncdealyngwiththem."-tftiH: Hen. Vlll. (an. 13),
In hu-man i-ty, . [Fr. inhumaniU.]
1. The quality or state of being inhuman ;
cruelty, barbarity, savageness.
" All kind of subtllty and violence and inhumanity
was employed to overturn it," Jortin : Chrittum
Religion, dU. S.
* 2. An inhuman act or person.
" If such inhumtmities actually bare been born. It
Is certain that they may be horn." South, vol. vl.,
er 9.
In hu man ly, * In hu-mane-ly, adv.
[Eng. inhuman; -ly.] In an inhuman, cruel,
or barbarous manner ; cruelly, barbarously.
"Alexander had in his fury inhumanly butchered
one of hi* best friends." flr* ; rind, of #at. Soc.
* In- hum ate, v.t. [Lat. inhumatus, pa. par.
of inhumo: in- = in, and htimo = to bury;
humus = the ground.] To bury, to inter.
Xn-hu-ma tion, *. [Lat. inhumatus, pa. par.
of inhumo.}
* 1. Ord. Lang, : The act of burying or in-
terring ; burinl ; interment.
" In some localities cremation prevailed, though in-
humat ion was the general custom. Qreenwell: British
Barrows, p. 21.
2. Chem, : The act of burying vessels in
warm earth, or anything similar, that their
contents may be exposed to a steady degree of
moderate heat.
* In-hnme', v.t. [Fr. inhumer, from Lat in-
humo.]
1. Ord. iMng. : To bury ; to Inter ; to de-
posit in the earth, as a corpse.
"Burled he lay, where thousands before
For thousands of years were inhumed on the shore."
Ityron: Si^je of Corinth, xxv.
2. Chem. : To bury a vessel in warm earth,
so as to heat its contents modnrately Cud
equally. [INHUMATION.]
* In hurl', v.t. [Pref. in- (!>, and Eng. hurl,
v.) lo drive orcastin. (Stanykurst : Virgil;
&neid i. 559.)
ia'-J-a, s. [The native Bolivian name.)
Zool. : A genus of Delpliinidee (Dolphins).
7nia boliviensis inhabits the rivers of Bolivia,
Ac., in some cases two thousand miles from
the sea. The male is fourteen feet long, the
female but seven.
In'-I-al, a. [INION.] Of or pertaining to th*
inion" or ridge of the occiput.
* in-Im-agr-ia-a-ble. a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. imaginable (q.v.)J Unimaginable; in-
conceivable.
la-lm'-ic-al, a. [Lat. inimicalis, from inimi-
cus = hostile : in- = not, and amicus =: friendly.)
1. Having the temper or disposition of an
enemy ; hostile.
2. Adverse ; hurtful ; harmful ; injurious.
" Associations In defence of the existing power of th
sovereign, are not, in. their spirit, inimical to the con
stitution, Brand: Eucty on Political AtsociationM.
('798.)
* ia-lm-l'-c&l'-i'-t&s. [Eng. tnimioa ; -Uy.}
The quality or state of being inimical ; hos-
tility ; unfriendliness.
* in-fan'-lc-^l-ly, adv. [Eng. inimical ; -Zy.J
In a hostile or unfriendly manner.
* In-InvI-9l'-tious, a. [INIMICAL.] Inimi-
cal ; hostile. (Sterne ; Letter to Warburtot^
1760.)
* Im-Im'-I-OOUS, a. [Lat. inimicw*.] Hostile;
unfriendly ; hurtful.
" It Is hard of digestion, inimiaeut to the stomack."
Evelyn : Acetaria.
in-im-It-^r-W-X-ty. . [Eng. inimitable;
-ity.] The quality or state of being inimit-
able ; impossibility to be imitated or copied.
in im' it a blc, ". [Fr., from Lat. inimtto-
bilis, from in- = not, and imitabilis that can
be imitated ; imi(or= to imitate.] That can-
not be imitated ; incapable of being imitated
or copied ; above imitation.
" He stood, as some inimitable hand
Would strive to make a Paul or Tully stand."
r: Table Talk, Ml.
In-Im'-It-a-ble-ness, 5. [Eng. inimitable;
-ness.] Th'e quality or state of being inimit-
able ; inimitability.
Xa-Im'-Jt-a-bMr, adv. [Eng. inimitab^k) ; -ly.)
In an iniuii table manner or degree ; so as not
to be imitated ; to a degree beyond imitation.
"These two small but inimitably fine poems."
Blnir, vol. til, let 40.
In'-I-6n, *. [Gr. \viov (inion) = the sinews be-
tween the occiput and the Itack, the nape of
the neck ; U (is), genit. ini? (inns) = strength,
a muscle, fibrous vessels.]
Atiat. : A name of the ridge of the occiput.
a. [Eng. iniquity) - t
Characterized by iniquity, injustice, or wicked-
ness ; unjust ; wicked ; nefarious.
" Pensioned and bribed to this iniquitout service."
Burke: Vindication of Natural Society.
ll-X'-qui-tOTis-iy,arf)'. [Eng. iniquitous; -ly.}
In an iniquitous manner or degree ; unjustly,
wickedly.
"Funds of Judgments iniguttoutly legxl."
Letter to a Noble Lord.
---, * la-i-aui-tee, s. [Fr. ini-
quite, from Lat. iniqnitatem, ace. of iniquitcu
= injustice: in- = not, and aquitas equal-
ness,' justice ; (equus = equal, just.] [EQUITY.]
L Ordinary Language :
1. A want of equity, fairness, or Justice;
absence of just, fair, or true dealing; a devia-
tion from the right ; unrighteousness, wicked-
ness.
" The world from his perfection fell
Into all flit!) and foule iniquity."
8i*>ur : P. <j., V. L fc
2. An iniquitous, unjust, or unfair act;
wickedness, crime.
" When their intquitiei are at foil, he will not fail
to repay vengeance Into their bosom." Sharp : 8tr-
moni, vol. it, ser. 1.
3. The name given to the character wh
personified one of the vices in the old "Mo-
ralities." He was the buffoon of the piece,
his chief business being to make sport with
bSi% btfy ; ptfut, J<ftrt; cat, 9011. chorus. $hia, bench; go, fcem; thin. fate. Bin, 09; expect, yenophon, eyist. ph
-tian - shan. -tioa. -slon shun; (Ion, sioa = zhua. tious, -cloua, -slouB = vbuo. -ble, -die, <bc. = bel, d
Iniquo us inj udioious
and mock the devil. He was the prototype
of the modern clown and harlequin.
" Iniquity aunt in, lika Uukoa 1'oko*. lu a juggler '
Jerkiu. Am Jonton : Maple of A'mo*.
* II. Scott Law : A term formerly applied
to the decision of an inferior judge who de-
cided contrary to law, in which caae he waa
aid to commit iniquity.
fa-i-quofts, a. [Lat. intTUtu = unequal,
un r air : in- = not; cequus = equal, fair; Sp.
inievo ; Ital. A Port, iniquo ; Fr. tnu/t.J
Unjust, iniquitous, wicked,
'* Whatsoever is done through any unequal affection
1* intquoui, wk-ki^d. and wrong " Ktiaftetlmty : in-
quiry Cone. Virtu*, bk. 1.. i>t. it. f 3.
In ir ri ta toil -i-ty. *. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. irritntnlttii (q.v.).J The quality or state
of being iuirritable ; good-nature.
In ir H t ble, o. [Pref. in- (2X and Eng.
L Ord, Lang. : Not irritable ; good-natured,
good humoured.
2. Ptysiol. : Not possessed of irritability,
not excitable.
In ir'-rl : ta-t*ve, a. [Pref. in- (2X and
Eng. irritative (q.v.).] Not irritative; not
ectUHpauied with excitement : as, an inirri-
tative fever.
in-isle (s silent), v.t. [Pref. in-(l), and Eng.
We (q.v.).]
1. To form Into an Isle or island, by sur-
rounding with water.
"It >gtns with Rother, whose running tbMOfh the
woods. rtiu/ln7 Oxuey." Vrayton: Poly-t'bton, a, 18.
{Sfldtn't f'luU.)
2.- To encircle, to surround, to embrace.
tn-t-ttal (tt as sh). a. & . [Lat initialise
jKM'taiuhig to a beginning; initinm = a be-
ginning, from initu$, pa. par. of inio = to
enter into : (n- = in, into, and to = to go ;
Fr. initial ; Sp. initial ; Ital. initiate.]
A. As adjective:
1. Of or pertaining to the beginning; be-
ginning ; incipient: as, the init iai symptoms
or stages of a disease..
" Our * H itial age la likt the rneltr I wax to the prepared
eal.' (.'iam-iW ; Vanity uf Dugmnlitinf, ch. xiv.
2. Placed at or standing at the beginning.
" The initial letter* of hi* aura* that had trawUted
It, wue printed." fiurnl : Hut. fttftirn |au. U5a).
B. As ratal. .* The first letter of a word ;
especially the first letters of the words com-
posing a person's name.
" Marked with L for our Metal*
R. Browning : Soliloquy qf the Hfdtiuh dottier.
In I tlal (tl aa ah), v.L [INITIAL, a. ]
Cor&m. & Law: To mark with initials, as a
guarantee of validity, or correctness.
in-J'-tial-l (ti as sh). adv. fEng. initial ;
'lit.} In an initial or incipient manner; by
way of, or as a beginning ; at the beginning.
"H diil initi'tifit anil lu part exerclM theee fane-
tiuiia upon earth." Barrow : Sermon*, voL 1L. *er. SI.
In 1 ti ate (tl as sh), r.t. & i. [TTCTTTATE,
u. ; Fr. "iui/iVr ; Sp. iniciar; Ital. inisiare.}
A. Tntnsttive :
1. To begin or enter upon ; to set afoot, to
start, to introduce : as, to initiate a new line
of action.
"To whom T.\irym*chut init iatst
Their rttered rreeiiancft."
Chapman : ffomer ; Odyttry XT!
2. To instruct in the rudiments or princi-
ples ; to admit into a secret society or associa-
tion by instructing in its principles or secrets.
*' Initiated In art*.
Which some may practice with i*>!ttr grace."
<?oM7>r: Tatk.lv. 495.
* B. Intrant. : To do the first act ; to per-
form the first rite ; to take the initiative ; to
begin.
"The kin* himself initial** to the power ;
Scatters with quivering hand the altered flour.*'
Pope: Homer; Qdytiey ill. W*.
to I ti ate (tl as sh*), a. & *. [Lat. initut-
tits, (vi. "par. of initio = to begin ; initium = a
beginning.
A. As culjectire :
* L Ordinary Language '
L Unpractised, new
" Hy Btrauue and setf-abuee
la the initiate fear." ShaJtetp. : Mae&etk, ttt 4.
2. Initiated ; introduced or admitted to a
knowledge of ; instructed.
" Initiate in the secret of the akies."
Young: JfiyfU TneuffJUt, vi. 96,
II. Law : A man is said to become initiate
tenant by courtesy in him wife's estate of in-
heritance on the birth of issue capable of In-
heriting tli? same, his estate not being con-
summate till the death 'if the wifc.
* B. As subst. : One who is Initiated.
"Th bauila at the initint* sintcitig tlielr IUUOB to
Detut*r.' -A*(i>. Outlining Primitive Btliaf, \>. Ms.
U Pmm the fact that the Latin verb initio
had the secondary meaning " to admit to secret
religious rite;4," it was adopted by early eccle-
siastical writers as = to i>aptize ; the Latin
initiatu* wa employed to dUtinguisha baptized
person frctm a catechumen not yet made ac-
quaiuted with tlie whole of Christian doctrine
and practice; and the term initiatio ii-niiir 1
the full participation enjoyed by those who
had received the sacrament of baptism. [DIS-
CIPLINE, s. t *J (1).J
in-i-tt-a'-tion (ti as ahi), s. [Lat. initiatio,
from initUttus, pa. par. of initio = to begin ;
Fr. initMtii>n ; tip. initutciun.}
1. The act of initiiiting, begiuniDg, or enter-
ing upon.
2. The act of Initiating, introducing to, or
instructing in the rudiments, principles, rules,
or feremomes ; the act of introducing or ad-
mitting to a secret society or association.
** Every one should pay a certain sura for hit initia
tion.'Wart>urt<jn : Divine Uyntion, bk. tL, t 4.
3. An Introduction.
"Tbote who wen In the fight described It as ter-
rible initiation l,r rtcruiU. Macmulttf-' "'<- E"O
cli. xiii.
4. The state of being initiated, admitted, or
Introduced to acquaintance with anything.
"Prom a lat initiation Into Utewtapa," *op :
Dunciad, L (Note.)
in r-ti-a tlve (ti aa tOO), a. & . [Fr. ini-
tial if, from Lut. iuitiatus, pa. par. of in'dio,}
A. A* adj. : Serving to initiate or begin ;
initiatory.
B. As substantive :
1. An initiatory or introductory act or step;
the first stop or action lu any business ; a
first essay, a beginning, a stall.
2. Power of initiating or beginning ; the
power or right to take the lead or originate.
"Th French Government hns taken the initiative
in breaking off diplomatic relatiou*." baUy Tttt-
Aug. 22. ISM.
In I-tl-a tor (U as hJ), i. [Eng. initial^);
-or.] One who initiates.
" The interpreters of theM holy myiteriet. the hiero-
phaota and MBMfflh" Warburton : Z>ifi Uyation,
tiat(e); -ory.}
r-^ (tl as shl), a. (Eng. ini-
1. Of or pertaining to a beginning or intro-
duction ; introductory, initiative.
"To eiercie his ohaini>i<.iu with tome initiatory
." Bp. Bali. Cnttmpl.;Samton't^farriaije.
2. Initiating or serving for initiation ; intro-
ducing by instruction or by the use of symbols
and ceremonies.
"By the initiatory rite of water
burton : IHvin* l^fgatum. bk. TL, f L
* Jn-I'-tion, *. [Low Lat. initlo t from initiis,
)>a. par. of ineo to enter Into.] A beginning,
an initiation.
In jeal-ous, * in Jeal-ose, v.t. [Prof.
in- (1), and Kng. jealous (q.v.X] To make
jealous. (Daniel : Hist. Eng., p. 93.)
in-Ject' t v.t. [Lat. injectus, pa. par. of inj trip
= to tlirow or cast in : in- = in, into, and jado
= to throw ; Fr. injector. ]
L To throw or cast in ; to dart in.
" Bat a kettle of waltUm: hot water injected
Infalliby cures the timber affected."
Xwifl : Wood, an trued.
* 2. To inatn, to inculcate.
"Their continuaD temptation* which they tnject
Into oar though U~-fiu*of> Hull : SoL 8.
* 3. To throw in ; to bring forward in the
middle of something else ; to intervene with.
"Cwaw al*u. tiuii hatching tyranny, injected the
anie scrupulous ilemnr* to B to ; > the sentence of death."
MUttm : Aniw*r to Eikon liaiilike.
* 4. To throw or cast up.
" Thongh bold iu open fleld. they ret ourroand
The town with walla, anil niuund injeet on mound."
Pope: Bomer; Odyuey. (Todd.)
in-Jec'-tion, *. lLat. injectlo, from injectus,
pa. par. of injicio ; Fr. injection; 8p. injec-
cion; Ital. injezione.]
L Ordinary Language :
L The act of injecting or throwing in.
2. That which is injected or thrown in.
"To minister the tame by iray tt clytre vrtyrlna*
frouii&iug u* that tb* taid injection mbitkall in-
ward JiupMtuuM." ^. Holland: /Vim*, bk. xx., -:b
uii.
* 3. Suggestion, instigation
" What might le >tit-wite<! by ->ur wii Torruiitlna
without (tjiy injection of SataU. 1 ' FuUir ;
XL TeeiinicaUy:
1. A nut.; The art of filling the vessels and
other minute tubular organs of animals with
coloured substances more clearly to exhibit
their relative size, arrangement, and relation
to the surrounding parts. The colour is in-
jected by means of a syringe.
2. Therap. : The art of injsctinz any thera-
peutic agent into the rectum, or of Introducing
such agent under the skin, &c. ; that which is
Injected. (HYPODERMIC-INJECTION. 1
3. Sttam-engin. : The act or process of inject'
Ing cold water into the condenser ofa steam en-
gine or the cylinder of an atmospheric engine;
che cold water so injected to produce a vacuum.
Injection cock, -.
Sttam-engin. : The cock which closes the in-
Ject ion -pipe.
injection -condenser, s. A cast-iron
vessel of any convenient shape, and strong
enough to bear the atmospheric pressure from
without, in which the exhaust warn from the
cylinder is condensed by a shower of cold
water. The capacity of the cylinder in
Watt's original engines was that of the cy-
limler, but, according to present practice, it
ranges from i to i that of the cylinder, and
sometimes more, [CONDK.VSLK, AlR-TOJH 1 .]
Injection-pipe, ..
Steam-engin. : The pipe through which the
Injection water passes to the condenser of a
steam engine or the cylinder of an atmospheric
engine. In marine engines the injection -pipo
is open to the sea through the bottom of the
vessel. [Aim- PUMP, CORNISH-ENQWK.)
Injection-syringe, a.
Surg. : A syringe for administering douches
or medicines.
injection valve, s.
Steam-engin. : The valve which governs the
entrance of water into the condenser from the
sea, river, or well.
In-jSc'-tor. s. [Eng. inject ; -or.] One who or
that which Injects ; specif., an apparatus for
supplying the boilers of steam engines, and
especially of locomotives, with water. It
works equally well when the engine is at rest
or running, and iu that respect is superior to
the feed-pump (q.v.).
in-je*l v , v.t. [Fr. Jingenr=to Interfere, to
meildle.] To insinuate, to introduce by artful
or indirect means.
* In-jW-lf, v.t. [Pref. in- (1) ; and Eng. jeU*
(q.v.X] To deposit or incorporate as in a
jelly. (Tennyson: Audiey Court, 25.)
* In-Joln' (IX .t. [ENJOIN.]
* in Join (2), v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Bug.
jo((q.v.).J To join.
"TheOttumltM . ..
Have then injoined them with a fleet-* 1
S)utki>. ; OUutllo. L S.
Jn-Joint'. v.t. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.;oi;t*
(q.v.).J To disjoin, to break up.
"The forauid bridge by a mighty tempeit wa in-
Joynted and bruken. " P. Holland: Plutarch, p. 186.
X-tj^! . [I-At. injncundUas, from
t/^*=riot, and jucttnditas pleasantness ; jw*
etncdu= pleasant] Unpleasantness, disagree-
ableness.
* ln-Jnd'-io--We, . [Pret in- (2). and
Eng. judicable (q.v.).] Not cognizable by a
judge.
' In ju dl -cial (d as sh), a. [Pref. in- (2),
ana Eng. judicial (q.v.).] Not judicial; not
according to the forms ol law.
In ju dl'-cioua, o. [Pref. in- (2), and Kng.
1. Not judicious, void of judgment; acting
without judgment or due consideration ; rash,
hasty.
"An Inexpert and litjudicioit* person." Bp. Mmli .
Cate* o/ Cu'itcii-nce, dec. iii-, COM. 9.
2. Done without judgment ordueconsidera
tion ; rash, hasty, unwise : as, an injncttciaiu
measure.
fete, l&t, f&re, amidst, what, fall, lather; we, wfit, here, camel, her, there; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine; go, pot,
or, wore, wglf, work, who, son; mute, CUD, cure, unite, cur, rule, full; try, Syrian. SB, oa = e. ey = a. qu = kw.
injudiciously ink
2079
in-JU-di'-cious-;!^, adv. [Eng. injudicious;
ly.1 In an injudicious manner ; without judg-
in, at or due consideration ; rashly, hastily,
inconsiderately.
" Hd was loudly bat injutiicunaty oauMired by a
great many." Nelson : Hfe of Hull.
in jU-dl -doUS-neSS, s. [Eng. injudicious;
-in'**.] The quality or state of being injudi-
cious.
" Injudiciousneu blinds their wonder or liking o
the third." WMtlock ; .Vunnerx r>f the Enylith, p. 480
f
480.
In June' don, * In-Juno-cion, s. [Lat. in-
jiuictio, from injuncts = imposed, enjoined;
PH. par. of injungo to impose, to enjoin;
Fr. injunction.]
"L Ordinary Language ;
1. The act of enjoining, directing, or bid-
ding; direction.
2. That which is enjoined ; a direction, an
order.
" Though their injunction be to bar tuy doors."
,SA-<*/>. .- LMT, 111. 4.
IL law; A writ or process granted by a
court of equity, and in some cases under
tatutes by a court of law, whereby a jarty is re-
quired to do, or to refrain from doing, certain
acttLac cording to the exigency of the writ.
"Tin' first peculiar remedy obUmnble on tliU ground
ii the writ of Injunction, the most ordinary apecies of
which ii that which operate* H a restraint upon the
defendant la the exercise of liU real or supuoaed
righto: and is, therefore, Bunititimes called the reme-
dial writ i injuncti'-n, to distinguish it frum the
judicial writ, which issues after a decree, and U iu the
nature of a writ of execution. This writ may be had
to stay proceedings at law. whatever stage they may
have reached ; to restrain alienations of property
p'-nd'-nte lite, and tenant* for life and others having
limited interest from committing waste. It may be
granted to restrain the neKoUatiun of bills of ax-
change, the sailing of a ship, the transfer of stock, or
the alienation of a specific chattel, to prohibit as-
aigneea from making a dividend, to prevent parties
from removing out of the jurisdiction, or from marry-
ing, or having any Intercourse, which the court disap-
prove* of. with a ward. The infringement of a copy-
riglit or a patent frequently call* for the exercise of
this beneficial process ; which may also be had to
restrain the fraudulent use of trade marks, or of the
names, labels, or other indicia of the makers or ven-
dors of goods and merchandize, and in a large class of
cases, far too numerous to be mentioned here."
Blactotone : ConunoU., bk. iii.. oh. 17.
U For the difference between injunction
and command, see COMMAND.
In jure. v.t. [Fr. injurier, from Lat. injurior
= to do harm to ; injvria = injury, harm :
in- = not, and jus (genit. juris) = right,
justice ; Ital. ingiuriare ; Sp. & Port, injuriar.]
1. To do harm to ; to hurt ; to damage ;
to impair the goodness, excellence, value,
strength, Ac,
2. To do harm or hurt to, as to the body ; to
hurt physically.
" Lest beat should injure ns. hb timely care
Hath onbesought provided."
Milton: P. L., x. 1.057.
3. To damage, to slander, to depreciate, to
tarnish.
" Erasmus, that great injured name."
Poftf : Euay on Critidim, 698.
4. To impair or diminish, as happiness.
6. To wrong ; to do an injury or injustice to.
"When have I injured theef when done the* wrong?"
Shakeip. : Richard III., 1. ft.
6. To give pain to, as sensibility or feeling ;
to grieve, to hurt.
7. To impair, as the intellect or mind.
*ln-Jure, . [O. Fr., from Lat. injuria.]
Injury.
In -Jur-er, s. [Eng. injure) ; -er.] One who
injures, hurts, damages, or wrongs another.
"The injurert of your father** memory." Wttrtmr-
ton : Letter to Dr. Lototh.
In-jiir'-I-a, *. [Lat.]
Law: A legal wrong, that is, an act or
omission of which the law takes cognizance
as a wrong. (Smith : Manual of Common Law.
6th ed., p. 418.)
In jur'-i-ous, a. [Lat. injuriosus, injurius=
acting unfairly or wrongfully, from injuria=:
an injury ; Fr. injuries; Sp. & Port. inju>
rioso ; Ital. ingiurioso,]
1. Injuring or tending to injure, hurt,
damage, or wrong ; hurtful, harmful, mis-
cliicvous, pernicious ; causing or tending to
cause hurt or damage physically, uientally, or
morally : as, the injurious consequences of
In or folly.
* 2. Acting unjustly ; unjust, tyrannical ;
guilty of wrong or injury.
"The injurio'tt Rnmau did extort
This tribute." Sbaketp. . CymbtUne, ill. I.
*3. Wrongful, unjust.
" With other grievances to signify
Th' injurious act committed on his sou."
Daniel : Civil Want. bk. vli.
* 4. Detractory, offensive, reproachful, con-
tumacious.
" With tclaunder and defame tniuriout.
Chaucer: Complaint
*5. Insolent, overbearing.
" Who wiut before a persecutor and a blasphemer am
injuriout.'l Timothy, i. 13.
$ t adv. [Eng. injurious; -ly.
1. In an injurious or hurtful manner ; so as
to cause injury, hurt, or damage.
2. Wrongfully ; unjustly ; with injustice.
" That defence of myself to which every honest mail
is bound when he is injuriously attacked 111 print."
f>ryden : Hind * Panther. (Fref.)
in jiir i oiis ness,s. [Eng. injurious; -ness.]
The quality or state of being injurious; hurt-
fulness ; injury.
"Some miscarriages might escape, rather through
udden neeeiwitiea of state, than any prapflnaftjr either
to injuriotafieu or oppression." Eikon llatitike.
3fn'-Jur-$r, * in-Jur-ie, *. [Lat. injuria, from
in- = not, and jus (genit. juris) = right, jus-
tice ; Sp. & Port, injuria ; Ital. ingiuria; Fr.
injure.]
1. That which is contrary to right or justice;
an injustice ; a wrong.
" Yoti do me shameful injury*
Shake*?, ; Kit-hard /// L a
* 2. A crime.
" A party to thte injury."
Shakesp. ; Othello, v. L
3, That which injures, harms, or hurcs ;
that which occasions loss, detriment, or mis-
chief; damage, hurt, harm.
"The former [private] wrongs are an infriDgement
or privation of the private or civil rights belonging to
individuals, considered as individuals ; aud are there-
upon frequently termed civil ittjurie*." Blackttune:
Commentaries, ok. liL. ch. 1.
4. An offence ; an insult ; an annoyance.
" The wrvice that I truly did his life,
Uath left in.- open to all injuries."
Xhakesp. : 2 Henry IV+ V. 2.
* 5. A hurt or disease of the body.
" Thought not good to bruise an injury till it were
full ripe,* F -&'A**>. : Henry V., iii. 6.
* 6. Contumelious or abusive language ;
abuse.
" He fell to bitter invectives against the French king
and spake all the injuries he could divlae of Charles."
bacon.
K Injury is the most general term, simply
implying what happens contrary to right ;
damage is the injury which takes away from
the value of a thing ; hurt is the injury which
destroys the soundness or wholeness of a
thing; harm is the injury which is attended
with trouble and inconvenience ; mischief is
the injury which interrupts the order and
consistency of things. The injury is appli-
cable to all bodies, physical and moral ; dam-
age is applicable only to physical bodies.
Trade may suffer an injury ; a building may
suffer an injury; but a building, a vessel, a
merchandize, suffer a damage. The falling of
a chimney, or the breaking of a roof, is a dam-
age ; the injury is not so easily removed ; the
damage is easily repaired. (Crdbb: Eng.
Synon.)
f For the difference between injury and in-
justice, see INJUSTICE.
* fax-Jur*-^, v.t. [INJURY, .] To injure; to
hurt. (Lyly : Ruphues, p. 460.)
, *. [Fr., from Lat. injustitia, from
in- = not, and justitia = justice.]
1. The quality of being unjust ; want of
justice, right, or equity ; unfairness : as, the
injustice of a decision.
2. That which is unjust or unfair ; any vio-
lation of the right of another ; a wrong ; an
iniquity.
- Still these broils that public good pretend
Work most infuttlce, being dune through spite."
Daniel : CivUWart, bk. J.
IT The injustice lies in the principle ; the in-
jury in the action that injures. There may,
therefore, be mjusiicewhere there is no specific
injury, and on the other hand there may be
injury where there is no injustice. The wrong
partakes both of injustice and injury ; it is in
fact an injury done by one person to another,
in express violation of justice.
Ink, * enke, * inke, 5. [O. Fr. tnque (Fr.
encre), from Lat. enoaitstvoi the purple-red
ink used by the later Roman Emperors ; neut.
of enoaustux; Gr. iyitav<rro^ (engkaustos) =
burnt in : V(en) in, and KOVOTO
burnt ; K<U'<O (kuio) t= to burn.l
1. A coloured, usually black, Ifqnid or vis-
cous material used in writing or printing.
2. A pigment, as Chinese or Indian ink.
3. Comm. & Chem* : A liquid or pigment
used for writing or printing. Inks may be
classed under four heads :
(1) Writing inks consist either of coloured
liquids, or of finely-divided coloured precipi-
tates, suspended in & liquid. The essential
ingredients of a good black writing ink, are.
an infusion of the best nut-gulls, a solution of
ferrous sulphate (copperas), and a small quan-
tity of gum to retain the precipitate in sus-
pension. The proportion of ferrous sulphate
should not exceed one-third part that <>f the
nut-galls used, an excess of astringent vcp't.-i-
ble matter being necesanry for the durability
of the ink. Its specific gravity should not ex-
ceed 1045, a higher density indicating that
inferior nut-galls have been used, these re-
quiring a larger proportion of galls to produce
the deep black colour. The infusion of nut-
galls contains tannic, or galls-tannic and gallic
acids, both of which produce deep black pre-
cipitate with ferric salts, but white precipi-
tates with ferrous salts, which, however,
readily turn black on exposure to the air.
Hence, in making ink, it is necessary to leave
the mixture to itself for some time In order
that the ferrous salts may be con veiled into
ferric salts, and the taiatic into gallic acid.
The gum is added to retain in suspension the
precipitated gallate of iron. It also gives a
certain gloss to the ink. In some inks a solu-
tion of logwood is used, to replace a certain
proportion of the nut-galls. By this addition
a more fluid ink is t>aul to be obtained. lied
ink is a solution of cochineal or pure carmine
in ammonia, or of brazil-wood in water. Blue
ink is a solution of Prussian blue and oxalic
acid in water. Chrome ink is a preparation
of logwood and potassium bichromate.
(2) Marking ink must be able to withstand
the action of soup, alkaline, and acid liquids.
It usually consists of a solution of silver ni-
trate, coloured with lamp-black aud thickened
with gum.
(3) Copying ink must be thicker than <**
dinary ink, and must not dry too quickly. It
is usually prepared by adding a little sugar or
glycerine to ordinary black ink. Its specific
gravity should not exceed 1071.
(4) Printing ink. All inks used for printing
consist essentially of well-boiled drying oils,
mixed with lamp-black or other pigments.
Soaps and resinous matters are frequently
added to give the oils the required consistency.
4. Mach. : The socket of a mill spindle.
ink-berry, s.
Botany :
1. An American name for Prinos gldber.
2. Bandw, aculeata.
Ink-blurred, a. Blurred, obscured, at
disfigured with ink.
ink-bottle, a. A bottle or vessel for hold-
ing iuk.
ink cup, s. A dip-cup for ink.
ink-cylinder, s.
Print. : A cylinder rotating in the ink-
fountain to bring the ink in contact with the
ductor or fountain -roller.
ink-eraser, s. [ERASER.]
ink-fish, *. The cuttle-fish (q.v.)t
ink-fountain, s. The Ink -reservoir of a
printing-machine from which the ink is taken
by an ink-roller and passed to the ductor. at
the distributing- roller.
ink-gland, s.
Zool. : The same aa INKBAO (Q.V.)L ( P.
Woodward.)
ink-glass, s. A glass vessel for holding
ink ; an ink-bottle.
ink pencil, *. A pencil filled with an
Ink-like, indelible, coloring material instead
of lead.
ink-plant, s.
Bot. : Coriaria thymifolia.
* ink-pot, s. A o.
A. As fubst. : An ink-bottle.
B. As adj. : Affected, pedantic.
boll, bo^; pout, joitl; oat, 90!!, chorus, chin, bench; go, gem; thin, (his; sin. as; expect, ^Cenophon, exist, ing.
-tlon, -sion - shun ; -(ion, -sion - zhun. -clous, -Uous, aioua shus. -ble, -die, &c. - bei, dfi.
J680
Ink inlier
Ink-roller, i. [IHKINO-BOLLER.]
Ink-sac, s. The same as INKBAO (q.T.).
Ink-slice, . A paddle for handling ink.
Ink stone, Ink surface, ink-table,
. [IN KINO- TABLE.]
Ink-well, . An ink-cup adapted to oc-
cupy a hole in a desk, iu top letting down
flush with the top of the desk, or nearly so.
Ink, v.t. (INK, .] To blacken, daub, or colour
with ink.
" With fitted ruffltiaiid claret ttatns on his tArniRhed
laced coat" nuckeran : Etifttil ffittnourvti, lect. T.
Uk'-bag, <. (Eng. ink, and bag.}
1. ZooL : A bag or gland found in the
Cephalopoda. It is tough and fibrous, with a
thin outer coat. The animal discharges the
contents of the bag through a duct into the
water when it wishes to conceal itoelf or escape
from an enemy.
2. 1'nlimnt. : The Ink of the Ink-bag, fre-
quently consisting of finely-divided particles
of carbon suspended in fluid, is almost in-
destructible. It has been found fossil in
secondary rocks.
3. Cnmm. : The ink of the inkbag is used fn
the preparation of sepia.
ink horn, ' Ink-borne, * Inkc home.
ynke horne, s. & a. [Eng. ink, and Aorn.J
A. As substantive :
1. A small vessel used to bold Ink ; an ink-
bottle.
- Bid him briug hU pen and InMora to the Jail ; we
art now to examine those men." .SAo*et;i. : Muck Ado
About Nothing, iu. t.
8. A portable case for carrying the instru-
ments of writing.
B. As adj. : Pedantic, affected, high-sound-
tog.
" And bee that can catch* an rnfe-kirne teruie by
the taile, him they coumpt to be a fine Eiigliihiuan.
Wilton ArU of tOutoriata, p. 165-
* Inkhorn mate, . A bookish or pe-
dantic fellow.
" To be disgraced bj an inHkom-mate'
SkakaiJ. : 1 Htnr, IV.. 11. 1.
Ink -born Ism, s. [Eng. inA-Aorn; -inn.]
An affected, pedantic, or bombastic expres-
sion.
" Like ai ihe were lome light-.klrt* of the rut.
In mightiest inVurrnlimt he call thither wreat."
Of. Hall. bk. 1L, aat 8.
Ink -I -ness, I. [Eng. inky; -ntu.] The
quality or state of being inky.
ink Ing, pr. par., a., & i. [INK, t;.]
A. * B. Ai pr. par. of particip. adj. : (See
the verb).
C. As subst. : The act or process of cover-
ing or daubing with ink.
inking apparatus, .
Print. : DilTerent forms of apparatus have
been adapted to different presses, and some of
them are peculiar to certain kinds.
inking roller, .
Print. ; A roller which receives the ink from
the inking-table and transfers it to the type in
hand-press work. In power-presses, several
rollers are employed, which are fed with ink
from a trough, distributing it and transferring
it to the hiking-roller.
Inking-table, .
Prinf. : A table upon which Ink Is spread
to be taken up by the iuking-roUer.
inking trough, a,
Print. : [I.NK-FOCNTAIN].
tn'-kle, In'-cle, v.t. (From the same root
as Dan. ymte ; Icel. ymta = to murmur, to
mutter.] To murmur.
"To inch the troth." Aliiatutder. 616.
In -kle, - ly n Roll, * lin nl ol. * in nl ol,
t (O. Fr. ligneul, ligncl, a dimin. of ligne =
thread, from Lai. lima, fein. of lineut =
herrren, flaxen ; linum = flax.]
* 1. A kind of crewel or worsted, with which
ladies worked embroidery.
2. A kind of broad linen tape ; wrought
ipiuel. Spinel (q.v.) is known as unwrought
Inkle.
Inklei. caddiaaea, cambric*, lawna." ShaJtetp. :
- ata, 1 v. ...
* inkle beggar, s. A beggar that sells
cheap tape, kc. (Adams : Worki, ii. 437.)
" Inkle weaver, s. A wearer of inkle.
[INKLE, . 2.)
" She and yon were aa great u two frtWa-wawi."
Sni/t : Pottle Ctmrertatii'n, OOD. 1.
U Davies (Supp. Glass.) says that the phrase
"as thick as inkle-vxavm originated from
the fact that the refugees who introduced the
manufacture of inkle in the sixteenth century
naturally consorted together.
ink ling, * in-kol-ynge, . [INKLE, .]
1. A hint, a whisper, an intimation, a slight
knowledge.
" Who will diadaln,
That hare an MM**/ of It, there to look ? "
Bunion : ApHon.
* 2. A desire, an inclination.
ink nmk er, . [Eng. ink, and malar.] One
who makes or manufactures ink.
in knit' (Jfc silent), v.t. [Pref. in-(l), snd Eng.
knit (q.v.).} To knit In, to fasten in.
in-knit' (Jt silent), v.t. [Pref. (n- (1). and
Eng. knot (q.v.). ] To fasten or bind, as with
a knot.
i shed, s. [Eng. in
spilling or using of ink.
in*, and thtd (q.T.).]
ink -abed, *.
- never thought the parade of my scanty rat lore
would involve so much inJuhea."AU the 1'ear Jtovnd,
March 34, 1881.
ink-stand. . [Eng. ink, and *tond.] A
vessel of glass or other material for holding
ink or other writing material.
Ink-?, o. [Eng. ink; -.]
1. Of the nature of or resembling ink ; like
ink.
" An in*y hue of livid blue."
Scoff: Lady -if the Lakt, vi. 19.
2. Consisting or made of ink.
" England . . . 1 bound In with shame,
With inky blut.. aud rotten iwwchineiit bonds."
SHaJfttp. : Richard II. II. L
8. Black as ink.
" Tts not aloiie my inAy cloak, good mother."
shake*?. ; ffmxtet. 1 2.
* 4. Black, gloomy, miserable, wretched.
" In which doth swell a lake of in** yean
Of inaddiixg lovers."
brummond : Sou. IS, pt, L
1 fa-lace', v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. lace
(q.v.).] The saint: as ENLACE (q.v.).
'an-aar-ar-y. * in-la-ga -tion, *. [Bar-
barous forms, from A. y. inlwri-m, in imitation
of utlayand, utlagation outlawry.] [!NLAW.]
A restitution of tin outlaw to the protection
and privileges of the law.
in-laid , pa. par. or o. [INLAY.]
Inlaid-work, *. That in which one ma-
terial is sunk into a hollowing in the surface
of another, the two making an even face.
[BUHL, REISNER-WORK, MARQUETRY, PAR-
QUETRY. MOSAIC.]
in -land, a., adv., & *. [Eng. in, and land.]
A. As adjective :
1. In the interior of a country ; remote from
theses.
" The bit's rich inland part*, let'i take with us along."
Drafton : Pdy-ijtbion. a. 23.
2. Carried on within a county ; domestic ;
not foreign : as. inland navigation.
3. Confined or limited to a particular conn-
try : as, an inlan*i bill of exchange, as distin-
guished from & foreign one, which is drawn in
one country on a person living in another.
*L Refined, civilized, somewhat polished ;
opposed to "upland (q.v.).
" An old reliuious uncle of mine was. In his youth,
an inland m* SMakefp. ; At You. /,< It. 11L 2.
B. As adv. : In or towards the interior of a
country.
"And with loose rein and bloody spur rode inland
many a post." Jfaeauluy . Armada.
* C* As substantive :
1. Ord. Lang. : The interior or inland part
of a country.
" Hr little rill*, tier inland* that do feed."
Draaton : Puly-Olbion, a, S.
2. Old Late : Demesne land, as distinguished
from outland, or that let to tenants.
inland cliffy .
GeoL : A cliff like one of those marking the
coast-line, but occurring inland. In many
cases they were once sea-cliffs, and occupy
their present position because the land has
been subsequently upheaved. Inland cliffs,
formerly sea-cliffs, occur in many parts of the
world.
* inland-man, *. An inlander (q.v.).
" Whereuuto the said inland-men may be Induced
Mi.iiK the others go forth to adventure their 11 v*. ft*
their defence." J&rype : l/tmorial (an. 15S7).
inland revenue, .
Taxation: The inland-levied revenue of
Great Britain, corresponding to the internal
revenue in this country. [See EXCISE.]
Inland-revenue officer: A subordinate govern-
mental functionary, formerly called an exciae-
offlcer.
inland sea, *. A large body of salt
water not connected with the ocean, as the
Black Sea or the Ouplan Sea ; or partially o,
as the Inland Sea of Japan.
* In -land er, *. [Eng. inland; -er.] On*
who lives inland, or in the interior of a
country.
" T&e Inlander* he of the Brutlans. the AprnsUao.
only."-. . BoUand : Plini*. bk. iii.. ch. ii.
"In' land-ish. a. [Eng. inland; -ish.} De-
noting sumetliiug inland; native, inland.
in lap 1 date,t.<. [Lat.{ft- = iu,into,and
Liit. lapis (genit. laj>idis) = a stone.] To
make stony ; to turn or convert into stone ; to
petrify.
" Home natural spring waters will inlapidate wood ;
so that you hall see one pieee of wuod, whereof UM
part ;ibove the water shall continue wood, ainl UM
part umier the watr shall tw tunied Into a kind ol
gravelly stone." Bacon : fiat. Bitt.. | M.
"In lard', v.t. [ENLARD.]
* In large', v.t. [ENLAROB.]
**n-law'. *.(. [A.8. inlagian.} To clear or
free from outlawry or attainder ; to restore to
the privileges and protection of the law.
"It should be a great incongruity to hare them to
make laws, who themselves were not i
Bacon : henry VII.. \>. 12.
in-lay, y.(. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng.
1. To lay. place, or insert In ; to diversify
with different bodies inserted Into the ground-
work or substratum.
*' Look, how the floor of heaven
Is thick inlaid with patn.es of bright gold."
Sin t fop. : Merchant of V otic*, K
*2. To variegate, to diversify.
"A thousand tumbling rilts inlay
With silver veins the vale."
Warton : Ftrtt of April.
3. To interlard.
"Thence borrow'd by the monks to . n/a* thA
story. Milton : Hut. Eng., bk. rl.
* in-lay*. *. [INLAY, v.] Matter or material*
inlaid or prepared for inlaying.
" Cnwus and hyacinth, with rich inlay,
Broider d the ground." Milton : P. L.. IT. fM.
in-lay'-er, *. [Eng. inlay; -er.] One wk&
Inlays ; one whose occupation is inlaying.
"The swelling bunches, which are now and then
found on the old trees, allure! the htlayrr pieces curium.)
chainbletted." Jtoty/i: Silwi, bk. L. ch. xvlif.. i i.
in liiy'-ing, s. [INLAY, v.] [INLAID- WORK.]
* in league', v.t. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
league (q.v.).J To form or conclude a leagu*
with ; to league ; to join in a league.
"With a willingness, inleayue our blowl
With his." ford: Broken Heart, 111 *.
* in leag -uer, v.i. [Cf. BELEAGUER.] To sit
down with an army ; to btuekade.
"Scylla did inteagiter before thedtyo* Athsne."
P. If 'Hand ; Plutarch, p. I- 1.
* in-leck', *. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. leak (U.]
A hole where water leaks in. (oianyAwrjrf;
Virgil ; &neid iii. 538.)
In let, s. [Eng. in-, and let.]
1. A passage by which an enclosed placa
may be entered ; a means of entrance or in-
gress.
" A narrow tnUt to their cells contrive."
Additvn: I'irgti ; Geors/ic i*.
2. A small bay or recess in the shore of the
sea or a large lake ; a creek.
" All the creeks and inlet on this side were held by
the Romans." MUton: Hut. Eng., bk. ii.
* 3. Any material or substance inserted or
Inlaid.
* in-lSt'-ter. v.t. [Pref. in- (1), >nA Eng.
tetter (q.v.).J To engrave with letters.
*n'-ll-er, s. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. lie, v. ; -er}
Geol. : An expression used to indicate a. iso-
lated exposure of an underlying bed which is
still covered to a large extent with deposits of
later date. It is principally found in btxlt
la e. fat, fare, amidst, what, fall, father ; we, wet, here, camel, her, there ; pine, pit, sire, air, marine ; go, pdt,
or. wore, wolf; work, whd, 6n ; mute, cub, cure, unite, cur, rule, full ; try, Syrian. , 00 e ; ey = a. qu = kw.
Inlighten inning
2681
which are more or less curved, the higher parts
of which have been removed by denudation
and so brought the lower bed to light. The
converse of outlier (q.v.).
* in light'-en (gh silent), .(, [ENLIGHTEN,]
* In list' , v.t. [ENLIST.]
* In-live', v.t. [Pref. in- (intens.), and Eng.
lire (q.v.).] To give life, spirit, or animation
to ; to animate.
" What she did here, by great example, well,
T' inline poster i tie, her fame may tell."
Ben Jonton ; lcg. on Lady Anne Pawttt.
"In Idck, v.t. PPref. in- (IX and Eng. lock
(q.v.).] To lock up or inclose one thing in
another.
in lu mine, v.t. [ENLUMINE.]
fa' 1, a. & adv. [A.8. inlic (a), inlice (adv.).]
A* -As cij. : Internal, secret, heartfelt.
" Dld*st tliou but kmow the inly touch of love."
Shafcetp. : Two Gentlemen of Verona, 11. 7.
B. As adv. : Internally, within, secretly,
In the heart, mentally.
" ' Save him, my God ! ' she inly cries."
Moore: fire Worihippen.
fa mate. s. & o. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng.
mate, s. (q.v.).]
A. As subst. : One who lodges or dwells in
the same house as another ; one who occupies
any place or dwelling ; a resident or dweller
in ; especially spoken of occupants of hos-
pitals, asylums, prisons, &c.
" He's bnt a new fellow,
AD inmate here In Rome, as Catiline calls him."
Ben Jonton : Catiline, 11. L
* B. As adj. : Dwelling or residing in a
place ; admitted as a resident or occupier of
the same place ; internal.
" To stop their overgrowth, as inmate guests
Too numerous." Milton : P. L., xiL 1M.
In meats, s. pi. [Pref. in- (1), and pi. of
Eny. meat.}
1. The edible viscera of pigs, fowls, Ac.
(Peacock: Manley A Corringham ; Gloss.)
2. The entrails.
" I shall try six Inches of my knife
On thine own inmeats."
Taylor; Philip van Arttvelde, lit 1.
In mesh , v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. mesh
(q.v.).] To bring or involve within meshes,
as of a net.
in mew' (ewas u), v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and
Eng. mew (q.v.).] To inclose or shut in, as in
a mew or cage.
'* in' -more, a. [Eng. in, and more.] Inner.
(P. Holland : Camden, p. 131.)
In in os t, *ine-maste, a. [A.S. innemest.]
1. Deepest or furthest within; remotest
from the surface.
" Shortly, within her inmott pith there bred
A little wicked worme."
Spenter : Vitiont of the World 1 * Vanity.
2. Most secret ; deepest.
" Still there within the ton** thought he grew."
Byron : Lara, t It.
fan, ' in, * inne, . [A.8. in, inn, from in,
inn within ; Icel. inni, from inn, inni
indoors ; in = in.]
1. A house of lodging and entertainment
for travellers.
" Between Chester and the capital there was not an
ton where he had not been in a brawL" J/acaulay :
Mitt. En*., eh. vi.
* 2. Lodging, abode, residence, habitation.
" Therefore with me ye may take up your in
For this same night," Spenter : P. O.., 1. 1. 88.
3. A college of municipal or common law
professors and students. [^ (2).]
* 4. The town residence of a nobleman or
person of quality.
It (1) Inns of Chancery : Colleges in which
young students formerly began their law
tiulies. They are now occupied chiefly by
attorneys, solicitors, &c.
(2) Inns of Court : Colleges or corporate
societies in London, to one of which all bar-
risters and students for the bar must belong ;
also the buildings belonging to such societies
to which the members of the inn dine together,
and barristers have their chambers. There
are four such inns viz. : the Inner Temple,
the Middle Temple, Gray's Inn, and Lincoln's
Inn.
*Inn, v.i. & (, [!NN, *.]
A. Intrant. : To take up lodging ; to lodge
at, or as at an inn.
B. Transitive:
1. To lodge and entertain.
"And inned hem. everich nt hU degree."
Chawxr : C. T.. ,*.
2. To house, to get in, to store in a bouse
or barn. (Lit. <tflg.)
" Howsoever the laws made lu that parliament did
bear ao-\ fruit, yet the subsidy bare a fruit that
proved harsh and bitter ; all was inned at last into
the king's barn." Bacon : Btnry >'//., p. St.
In-Iaas-cJ-bll-i-tfc *. [Late Lat. inno*ri-
bilis that cannot be bom.] Self-existence ;
the state or quality of never having been born
or begotten.
" Innatdbititg we mustVlmit
The Father^ Daviet : Mirum in Modun, p. 17.
in' -nate, a. [Lat. innatus, from in- = in, and
natus, pa. par. of natcor = to be born.]
L Ordinary Language :
1. Inborn, natural, native, not acquired.
"An innate clinging
A loathsome, and yet all tu vincible
Instinct of life." Byron: Cain. L l.
2. Derived from the constitution of the
mind, as contrasted with what is derived from
experience.
"That untaught innate philosophy.*
Byron : Child* Barold, lii. W.
*S. Inherent
" The blood turns back to the breast ; and there, by
an innate, but wonderful faculty IB turned into milk.
P. Fletcher: Purple /stand, IT. (Note 3.)
IL Botany:
1. Gen. : Adhering to the apex of any struc-
ture.
2. Spec. {Of an anther): Attached by its base
to a dlament, as distinguished from adnate
and versatile (q.v.)
innate ideas, s. pi :
Phitos,: The term generally supposed to
correspond to the icoti/ai Ivi/otai of the Stoics
"general notions develo|*d in the course of
nature in all men " (Diog. I. vii. 54) though
the earlier teachers of that school regarded
these ideas as the natural outgrowth of per-
ceptions, not as innate. Thomas of Aquin,
the greatest of the Schoolmen, taught that
"there is no knowledge which is innate, and
destitute of all experience." On the Continent
the doctrine of innate ideas was revived by
Descartes, who held that the notion of things,
truth, and thought were naturally common to
all men. Leibnitz said that "the ideas of
being, substance, identity, the true, the good,
are innate in the mind ; " though his innate
ideas are rather slumbering than conscious
notions. The doctrine will be found in the
second elegy of Sir John Davies'^oace Taps-urn,
and in the De Veritate of Lord Herbert of
Cherbury. On the opposite side, Locke
(Human Underst., bk. i.), Culverwell (Light of
Nature), and later writers may be consulted.
*in-nate', v.t. [INNATE, a.] To call into
being.
" The first innating cause
Laughs them to scorn."
Martton: Antonio" t Revenge, IT. L
*innat ed, a. [Bug. innate); -ed.] In-
nate, inborn, natural.
" But no channe
The Muses have these monsters can disanne
Of tlicir i nnnted rage."
Habi mjton ; Cittt'tra, pt L ; To Mr. E. Porttr.
* in'-nate-lsr, adv. [Eng. innate; -ly.] In
an innate manner ; naturally.
* in nate ness, *. [Eng. innate; -ness.]
The quality or state of being innate.
* in nat-Ive. a. [Pref. in- (IX and Eng.
native (q.v.).] Native, natural.
" And for the safe acceaae,
His sonue shall make to hU innatiut port."
Chapman : Hvmer ; Odyttey v.
*in-nat-ur-al'-i-t& . [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. naturality (q.v.).] Unnatural conduct.
" Innaturality auiougst kindred [is] infamous."
North : Plutarch, p. 207. (Margin.)
* in-nat'-nr-al-l& adv. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. naturally (q.v.).] Not naturally ; not
according to nature.
*in-naV-ig-a-ble, a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. navigable tq.v.).] Not navigable ; that
cannot be navigated or traversed by ships.
" Which Acheron surrounds, the innavigable flood."
/>ry,len ; Virgil ; JBnvtd vi. it; l,
* In-nav'-ig-a-bl^, adv. [Eng. innavigable);
-ly.] So as not to be navigable.
* inne, prep. [Iw.]
* inne, * in, *. [!NN, .)
*innc, v.t. PNN, v.i
* in-nect, v.t. [Lat. innecto = to tie or fastea
to, together, or about : in- = In, into, and
necto = to tie, to fasten.] To fasten together.
(Fuller: Worthies, i. 139.)
in'-ner, a. & s. [A.8. innera, from in = in.)
A. As adjective :
1. Interior ; farther inward or nearer th-
centre than something else.
" Many families an established in the West India*,
ami some discovered In the inner parts of America. -
AdUitvn: Spectator.
2. Interior, internal, spiritual.
" Let thy me*
_ ercy shine."
"Wordwjrth : Bonnet* to Liberty. NOT. 1113.
Upon his inner soul In mercy
3. Not obvious ; dark, esoteric : as, an inn*r
meaning.
B. As substantive:
1. That part of a target immediately outside-
the bull's-eye, enclosed by a ring varying in
breadth, according to the range.
2; A shot striking that part of the target
" Scores which gave averages of innert or mow."
Time*, July 81, 1884.
t inner bark, s.
Bot. : The liber (q.v.),
inner-forme, *.
Print. : [FORM, ., II. 6 (1) A (2)].
Inner-house, s. The name given to the
chambers in which the first and second divi-
sions of the Court of Session hold their
sittings in Edinburgh ; applied also to the
divisions themselves, and used iu contradis-
tinction to the Outer House, in which the
lords ordinary sit to hear motions and causes.
All causes commencing in the Court of Ses-
sion in regular form, by summons, letters of
suspension, or advocation, reach the Inner
House after passing through the Outer House.
inner-parts, s. pi.
Music: Those portions of the harmony that.
are not at the top or bottom
inner pedal* s.
Music : A sustained note iu one of the inner
parts. [SUSTAINED-NOTE.]
Inner-plate, s.
Arch. : The wall-plate in a double-plated
roof, which lies nearest the centre of the roof,
the other, or outer-plate, having its side nearer
the outer surface of the wall.
inner-post, .
Shipbuild. : A piece brought in at the fore-
side of the main-post, and generally continued
as high as the wing-transom to seat the other
transoms upon.
inner-square, s.
Carp. : The edges forming the internal right
angle of a carpenter's square.
*m ner-cst, a. [Eng. inner; super, suff
-est.} Inmost, innermost.
*in-ner-l^, adv. [Eng. inner; -ly,] Mora
within ; nearer the centre.
in'-ner-most, a. [A corruption of A.8. i-
nemest inmost (q.v.)]. Farthest inward or
within ; most remote from the surface.
* in ner va'-tion (1), *. [Pref. in- (2) ; En#-
nerve, and suff. -at ion.] A state of nervelew-
ness.
in-ner-va -tion (2), . [Eng.innenv; -alum.)
* 1. Ord. Lang. : The act of innerving or
strengthening ; the state of being innervea.
2. Physiol. : The function of the nervous
system ; nervous excitement ; special activity
excited in any jiart of the nervous system.
* in nerve', v.t. [Pref. in- (intens.), and Eng.
nerve (q.v.).] To give nerve to, to strengthen^
to invigorate.
* inn' hold-er, *. [Eng. inn, B., and AoWef.J
One who keeps an inn ; an innkeeper.
" Whether as well they as butchers, innhotderi, and
victuallers, do sell thai which Is wholesome and at
reasonable price*." Bacon : The Judicial Charge. 4e.
inn -ing, s. [Eng. inn, v. ; -ing.]
I. Ordinary Language:
* 1. Lit. : The act of gathering in of grain,
harvest, &c.
"The gathering aiid inning of some harrest"
P. Holland J'tinit, bk. xvlii., eh. vi.
boi 1 , too^; polit, J6>1; cat, cell, chorns, chin, bench; go, fcem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, Xenophon, e^ist. ph = C
-cian, -11ft" - sham, tion, -slon = shun ; -fion, -f ion = zhun. -clous, -tious, -sions - suus. -ble. -die, &c. = bel, del.
3682
innovation
2. Fig. (PI.}: The time during which a
person or party is in office.
IL Terhnu-nli:! (I'D:
1. Baseball and (picket: The time or turn for
batting, either f an individual player, or of a
whole Bidei
S. Hyiir. Bng. : Lauds recovered from the
ML
In-nls, . [ENNIS.J
* in nl ten 9V, s. [Lat. innilene, pr. par. of
innUor : in- in, on, and iiUur = to lean.] A
leaning nr resting upon ; pressure.
"The InNirmey &nd itnBM being made upon the
hypumuchlloo or fulcimcQt in the decuMttion."
e : Cyrta' Gartlm, cb, U.
in nix ion (x as ksh), . [Lat.
pa. par. of tnnitor.J A resting npon ; Incum-
bency,
inn keop-er, *. [Bng. inn, and keej^r.} One
who keeps an Jim ; a taverner, an hmhokler.
"The win of an innkeeper passed himself on the
yeomanry of Sussex as their beloved M-jnmouth."
r . Xtx. Xnff.. ch. v.
fn' n6-cen$e, a. [Fr., from Lat. innocentia,
from inwcejw=inuocent(q.v.);
Ital.
1. The quality or state of being Innocent ;
freedom from or absence of any quality which
can hurt or injure ; innoxiousiiess, harmless-
ness : as, the innocence of a medicine.
"Suited to a golden age aud to the first tnnocency of
nature." Burnet : Theory o/(fc Earth.
2. Freedom from the guilt of any particular
crime or sin ; guiltlessness.
" For Innocence condemned revenge I vowed."
Pitt: 1'trya; <n*d li
3. In a moral sense, freedom from crime,
tin, guilt, or fault ; purity of heart and life ;
Integrity.
" Or that high God In lieu of innocent*,
Imprinted bad that token of his wrath."
ATjwnwr.- f. $.. ILIL4.
4. Freedom from any thought of evil; harm-
leasness ; simplicity of heart.
" When boyish innocence was all my praise."
Cowptr: Uetirem-'nt, 972.
&, Simplicity ; mental weakness or imbe-
cility, bordering on silliness.
" Who has not only his innocence, which if much to
xcuse hini."Stia*ctp. : Winttr't Tale, T. S.
* 6. The .state of not being contraband of
war ; the state of being lawfully conveyed to
a belligerent.
t *n'-n6-9en-9y, s. [Lat. innoccntfa, from
innocens innocent (q.v.).] Innocence.
"That so denth and J\idgment may Hud me pre-
pared. If not with uiiaputted innocency, yet with
hearty aiid sincere repentance." St&Ungflett; Ser~
mont, Tfd. lv., ser. t.
In' no 9ent f a. & s. [Pr., from Lat. innocens
= harmless : in- = not, and nocens, pr. par. <if
noceo = to hurt ; 3p. inocente; Ital. itinocentf.]
A. At adjective:
1. Not hurtful, harmful, or noxious ; In-
noxious ; free from any quality which can
hurt or injure.
2. Free from the guilt of any particular
crime or wicked action ; not guilty, guiltless.
<Now followed by uj.)
" I was innocent from any private malice."
SAuketj*. : awry Yin., ill 1
3. Morally free from guilt, crime, or fault ;
not tainted with sin ; guiltless ; pure in heart
and life ; upright, inoffensive, blameless, sin-
less.
" Hem that hodden wrouge suspect Ion
Upon thU sely innocent distance."
Chaucer ; C. T.. MM.
4. Lawful, permitted ; not liable to punish-
ment.
" Bobbery was held to be a calling; not merely inno-
Mt but honourable." Jfteaulay : ffiit. Eny.. ch. xiii.
5. Not contraband of war ; not liable to for-
feiture.
6. Simple ; weak In intellect ; imbecile.
" She hit* me a blow on the ear, and call* me inno-
cent, and let* me go." BenJonton: Oilent Woman, L L
B. As substantive :
* 1. One who is free from guilt, crime, or
fcult ; an innocent person.
"So PUN an inttoctnt a* that same lambe."
Spenter: F. Q., I. t. ft.
2. A person wanting in intellect ; a natural ;
D idiot
"A dumb innocent that oonld not say him nay."
Snaketp. : All's Well that Ends Well, iv. &.
H For the difference between innocent and
guiltless, see GUILTLESS.
^ Massacre or Slaughter o/tlie Intiocents :
1. CA. Hist, ; The massacre or murder of
the young children of Bethlehem by lierod
(Malttevli. 16.)
2. Paii. Slang : The abandonment, towards
the close of a session, of bills introduced by
the Government, but nut tmllicieutly advanced
to stand a chance of their being passed during
that session.
innocent-conveyances, . pi.
Law; A covenant to stand seized ; a bar-
gain, sale, and release ; so called because they
convey the actual possession of the property
by construction of law only.
Innocents' day, s.
Church, Hist., dc, ; The English name for the
feast celebrated on Dec. 28, to commemorate
the massacre of the children of Bethlehem by
1 It-rod, in the hope of killing Jesus. It was
probably first celebrated towards the close of
the fifth, or early in the sixth century. In
the English Church, it has a proper Collect,
Epistle, and Gospel, but no Vigil. It is known
in the Latin Church as the Feast of Holy In-
nocents, and MasH is said in purple vestments,
probably because the Innocents did not enter
maven tilt Christ at His Ascension opened
it to those who believe." On the octave the
vestments are red, the proper colour of mar-
tyrs. In the Greek Church the feast is cele-
brated on Dec. 20, and is known as the Feast
of the 14,000 Holy Children. (MARTYR.]
* in' nd 9<Snt iVe, a. [Eng. innocent; -(.]
Tending to iunotxmce ; innocent.
"TtiecontenttnenU of tnmocentitc pi*tj. m r*ttham ;
Kttolre*. pt 11.. ttM. 66.
y. adv. [Eng, innocent ; -ly.]
* L Without hurt or harm ; harmlessly.
2. Without guilt ; guiltlessly ; uprightly.
" He preMrueth the welfare of the righteous, and
defendsth them that walk* innocently."- />rwrfrt, it
(1551.)
3. With simplicity or innocence of heart ;
guilelessly.
Turned all iiiyuiry light away ."
Scott: Ladyq/ thi Lak*, L SO.
In ndc'-Tj-a. s. j>l. (Nent. nom. pL of Lat.
innocuus == harmless, innocuous,]
Zool. : A sub-order of Ophidia (Snakes), con*
taming the Colubriformes, or Innocuous Co-
lubiiform Snakes. Tliey have no decided
veuoui gland, though a special non-venomous
one and a groove may be present. The jaws
are armed with numerous, solid, curved teeth ;
the body is covered with rows of large scales,
and the head with plates.
FamiUw: Acrochorditbe | Wart-Snake*]. Drylophidw
(Whlp-SuakM), Dipaailidv iNocturiial Tree Suikea),
LycououtidK (Gnmnd Bu&kes). Amblycephalldie
(Blunt-lieadB), Deiidroj>liiU (Tree Biiakn), Paaumo-
phlil (Desert Suakos). Rachlodontldn (Throat-tootheU
btiaket). Uomal<>it<l (Fremh water 6uakc*|. Colu-
brlda (True yuke*}. Pytliuuidtt (Rock 8i.ake), Ery-
ciilae (Saud Snakes). Tortriciihe (Rollen). and Uropel-
tidn | Rough-tails), (thtnean, Ac.)
* Xn-n*o-n'-t-^, *. [Eng. innocu(wu) ; -tty.]
The quality or state of being innocuous ; harm-
lessness.
In-n6'-a-on>, a. [Lat. innocuuj, from in- =
not, ana nocuus hurtful ; noceo = to hurt ;
Ital. & 8p. innoato.]
1. Harmless ; producing no evil result or
effect ; innocent.
2. Harmless ; doing no injury or barm.
" A geiiorou* lion will not hurt a b*ttt that lies pro-
strate, nor an elephant au i/inocuou* .creature. "flur-
ton : Aitat, <f McUtnchtfy. p. 348.
^ Innocuous Colubrtform Snakes :
ZooL:
j^, adv. [Eng. innocuous ; -Zy.J
In an innocuous manner ; without harm or
injury ; harmlessly ; without mischievous
effects.
" Where the nit aea innocuotuty breaki."
H,' Excurtwn, bk, lit
in-noc'-n-oii-nSs, *. [Eng. innocuous;
-ness.] The quality or state of being innocu-
ous ; harnilessness.
"That tonocuouxnitt of th effect makes, that, al-
though In iUetf it be as gwt aa the other, yet 'tis
little obsrvd."-.mj76y.- On Bodfe*, ch. U.
in'-no-date, v.t. [Lat. innodatus, pa. par.
of innodo ; in- = in. and nodus = a knot ] To
bind up, fasten, or include, as in a knot. (Lit.
* in nom'-In-a-ble, a. & s. [Lat. innomina-
bilis, from in-"= not, and nominabilis = that
may be name<l or nominated; nomiao=tc
name ; women (genit. novt,inis)= a name.]
A* As adj. : That cannot or may not be
named or mentioned ; unspeakable.
"And then luuuely of foule thyugea Ittnnminable."
Ckaucer ; Tettament of Love, bk. L
B. As subst. (PI.): Trousers; inexpressible*.
(Southey: fhe Doctor, p. 088.)
in nom in ate, n. & . [Lat. innominatia:
in- = not, and nominatus, pa, par. of nomino
to name ; nor/ten = a name.]
A. 4a oJj. ; Not named, nameless.
B. As substantive :
Arutt. : The innominate artery (q.v.%
"The accessibility of the innominate iu the neck."
Qualm Anatomy (ed. 1st), p. 85&
innominate-artery, f.
Anal. : The largest of the vessels which
proceed from the arch of the aorta. It arises
from the transverse portion of the arch before
the carotid artery. It ascends obliquely to-
wards the right, and divides Into the right
subclavian and the right carotid artery. U
varies in length from two inches to one iti'-h,
or less. Called also the Brachy cephalic
Artery.
innominate -bone, s.
Aunt. ; The os coxte, or pelvic bone. It is
constricted iu the middle and exjuuided above
and below, and much Iwnt. It articulates
with its fellow of the opposite side, with the
sacrum, and with the femur. Iu early life it
is in three portions: the ilium, the os pubis,
and the ischitim. They begin to ossify before
birth, but the process is not completed till
the twenty-third or twenty-fifth year.
* innominate contracts, . ;*.
Civil LOAD; Contracts which had no particu*
lar names, as permutation and transaction.
(Wharton.)
innominate-veins, . pi.
Aitat, : Two trunk veins receiving the blood
returning from the upix-r limbs through the
subclavian veins, and liom the head and neck
by the jugular oues. Called alao the JBrachy-
cephalic Veins.
in' -no-vate, v.t. & t. [Lat. innovates, pa, par.
of intu/vo : in- in, and uovu = to make new ;
novas new ; Fr. innover; fcp. itinonar; ItaL
innovare.]
*A. Transitive:
1. To alter or change by the introduction
of something new.
"All attempts to innovate the constitutional *
habitual charactat." The Kamtter, No. i;x
2. To bring in or introduce by way of some-
thing new.
" All tb.M who had Imunated anything in religion.'
Clarendon : Reli'jion A Policy, ch. rlL
B. Intransitive:
L To make innovations; to Introduce novel-
ties ; to make or introduce changes or altera-
tions in anything established.
" Time Itself*, which Indeed tnnuvatet A greatly, but
quietly." ftacon: Kttayt; Of Innovations
2. To Invent, to introduce or put forward
new things.
try n
" But every man cannot distinguish betwixt pedan-
y nnd poetry ; every man, therefore, is not lit to in-
ow**.' i>r v dn: Virgil; ^neid. (Dwlle.)
in-n6-va'-tiou, s. tLat. innovatlo, from to*
novattts, pa. par. of innovo to i i. novate (q. V.) ;
Fr. innovation; Sp. innovation; ItaL. titno-
PMiOttk]
L Ordinary Language:
1. The act of innovating ; the Introduction
of novelties or changes in things established.
" Perdicax, whose ambitious innouatton wan (lie saldj
to be preueuted In tyme." Brende: (juintv* Curtiut,
to. sw.
2. A change made by the Introduction of
something new in things established, as laws,
customs, rites, &c.
"He knew how to u*e technical law to cover the
most etartliug mnowirfon*." (Jantiner t Muiiinaer:
Intrtxt. CO K,,-j. Hut., On. lit
IL Technically:
L Bot. : A shoot which has not completed
its growth. Used specif, of the new branches
of mosses produced by a process of renewal
from axillary buds by the side of the theca, or
of the antheridla.
2. Religions (PL): New doctrines introduced
toy professed reformers into any faith with the
view of harmonizing it with the science of the
age, or new observances to adapt it to the
flate. OU, fare, amidst, what, fall, lather; we, wet, here, camel, her, there; pine, pit, sire, sir* marine; go, p6t,
r* wore, woU. work, who, ado; mate, cub, cure, uaite, ear, rule, fall; try, Syrian, n, ce-e; ey = a. qa
Innovationist inoculation
268J
modern feeling. Such innovations are ex-
tremely distasteful to tlie majority of wor-
sliipjiers, who, accepting as of Divine origin
both the doctrines and practices sought to be
altered, look on the innovations as impious.
Joeephm complained of such innovations in
liis Jemtk Wan, and the introducer of inno-
vations In Christian doctrine or practice finds
determined resistance in whatever section of
the Church he may attempt to operate.
3. Soots Law: A technical term for the ex-
change, with the creditor's consent, of one
obligation for another, so as to make the
second obligation take the place of the first,
ud be tn -*Jy subsisting obligation against
'.he debtor, the obligant's remaining as before.
Called also novation (q.v.X
In nd-va'-tion-Kst, s. [Eng. innovation;
-ix.) One who introduces, or is in favour of,
innovations.
j o. [Eng. imovat(e); -ire.]
Introducing or tending to introduce Innova-
tions ; characterized by innovations.
" Some write are . . . innovative.- Hall : Modern
fxylttlt. p. 11.
In'-no-vat-or, * in no-vat-our, . lEng.
imwvat(e) ; -or; Fr. innovateur; Ital. innova-
tore ; Sp. tnnovador.]
1. One who introduces novelties or innova-
tions; an introducer of changes in things
established.
" As ardent ft spirit u can inspire any fcHMMfor to
destroy the mouuiueuta of the [iletyand the glory of
ancient ages." Burke : Letter to William Elliot. tq.
2. One who makes changes by the introduc-
tion of innovations or novelties.
In noxious (noxious as nok shfis), a.
[Lat. innoxiiis, from in- = not, and moxivs =
hurtful, noxious ; noceo to hurt.]
1. Harmless, innocent ; not producing or
tending to produce mischievous or ill effects.
"They being benign aud of innoxiout qualities."
Brtninr: tulaar Xrrmrrt, bk. Iv., eh. xUL
* 2. Innocent, harmless ; free from guilt or
in.
" The good man walked innoxious through his age."
PofM : Prol. to Sattrei, ayj.
In noxious ly (noxious as nok'-shns).
adi'. [Eug. innoxious; -ly.}
1. Harmlessly; without causing harm or
Ul-effecte.
" Mercury which li i*nx>ouily given In nun; case*
WL<\<:"U^! : Work*. IL 191.
* 2. Without suffering harm or ill effects.
"For anlmtb that taut innoximuly digat these
poysoiis, become antidotal uuto t lie iMiynun digested."
Brown* : I'ulyir Errourt. bit. vii, ch. xvil.
to noxions-ncss (noxious is nok'- shus),
*. [tug. innoxious; -ness.} The quality or
state of being innoxious ; harmlessness, inno-
cence. (MadD'Arblay : Diary, vii. 873.)
* tn'-nn-ate, v.i. [Lat {nnuatum, rap. of
inti'to = to give a nod, to hint] To intimate,
to hint, to signify.
"As If Agamemnon would innuate, that aa tbl
ow (being wtlayed) is free from Veuu*." Chapman:
Bomer; iiiadxix. (Comment.)
* In-nu'-bl-lous, o. [Lat. inn:
out clouds : in- = not, aud
Free from clouds ; clear.
In nu en do, in-u-en' do, *. [Lat innn-
endo = l>y intimation; gerund of innuo = to
notl towards, to intimate: in- = In, towards,
and HUO = to nod.]
L Ord. Lang. : An Indirect or oblique hint
or intimation ; an insinuation.
" Ai by the way of innuendo,
Luctu Is made a nan fttcetrdo"
CkttrcUU : fc'fcotf, bk. IL
* 2. Law : A law term, most used in declar-
ations, and other pleadings and tbe office of
this word is only to declare and ascertain the
person or thing, which was named incertain
before: as to bay. he (innuendo, the plaintiff)
IB a thief : when as there was mention before
of another person. (Blount ; Glossogr.)
* In'-na-ent, a. (Tat. innuens, pr. par. of
innuo =z to nod. to hint] Conveying a hint
or intimation ; insinuating, significant.
Innuit, s. [Native word = the people.! The
name by which the Esquimaux call themselves.
The name by which they are ordinarily known
to outsiders is an Algonquin word.
In-nu-mer-a-bn'-l-t^, s. | Fr. innumera-
bilite, from IJat innianerabUitas, from innume-
rabilis = innumerable (q.v.).] The quality or
state of being innumerable.
Xn-nn'-mer-o-ble, o. [Fr., from Lat tnnu-
merabilis, from in- = not, and numerabilis =
that can be counted or numbered ; Sp. innu-
merable, innombrable ; Ital. innumerabile.]
1. Not to be counted ; impossible to be
counted or numbered for multitude ; count-
less, numberless; indefinitely numerous.
" Innumerable multitude of forms."
Wordsworth : Excursion, bk. Ix.
* 2. As if proceeding from very large num-
bers of performers.
*' Thy Braises, with the inntimfrable touud
Of hyiniu." Milton : P. L., ill. 14T.
----, adv . [Eng. innumerable);
ly.\ Without number, so as to be innumer-
able.
"Sparkling brands, innutnembty wared."
Qlover: Athenatd, bk. xxix.
* ln-nu'-mer--ous, a. [Lat. innumerns, from
in- = not, and numerua= number ; nvtnero =
to number, to count.] Too many to be num-
bered or counted ; countless, innumerable.
" The gathered flock
An In the wattled pen mnunwou* ureaaed."
Thomson : Summer, 395.
* fri nu trl' tlon, . [Pref. in- (2X and Eng.
nutrition (q.v.).] Want or failure of nutrition
or nourishment.
in-nn trf tious, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
nutrition* (a. v.).] Not nutritious, not nourish-
ing ; not affording nourishment.
* In-nn'-trf-tXve. a. [Pref. In- (2), and Eng.
nutritive (q.v.).} Not nourishing, innutritions.
'-n6, s. [Lat & Gr. = in class, myth., a
daughter of Cadmus and Hermione.]
Entom. : A genus of Zygaenldte ; /no staticea
and /. globularice are enumerated by Stephens
as British.
in o^bo di en?, s. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. obedience (q.v.).] Disobedience ; failure
to obey.
" As bl tnobedimoo of oo man manye been mnml
synuera, ao bi the obedience of oon maiiyeschulen be
iuit." WycUffit: Montana v.
* Xn-o-be'-dl-fint, * in-o-be-dy ent, o. &
. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng. obedient (q.v.).]
A As adj. : Not obedient ; disobedient
"Inobeditnt la he that dlaobeyeth for despft to the
Commaudetnenta of God." Ckaucor : Penvne* Title.
B. As svbst. ; One who is disobedient
"Upon the Baled inob*UntM.*Ball: Henry T.,
ML 8.
* in-o-be -di-ont-ly, adv. [Eng. inobedient ;
-ly.} In a disobedient manner, disobediently ;
by disobedience.
"Whom I have obitlnately and inobedtontly of-
lended." Burnet : Bitt. Jttform, u. 1536.
ty, . [Pref. in- (2X and
Lat. obligo = to bind.] The quality or state
of not being binding or obligatory.
* The Invalidity or ino&Uffability thereof." Sander-
ton : Works, v. 67.
in-ob-scrv'-a-ble, a. [Lat inobservabilis,
from in- = not| and observo = to observe ; Fr.
inobservablf.} Not observable ; that cannot be
observed or perceived.
* in-ob-scrV-ance, s. [Lat. inobsermntia,
from inobaervann inobservant (q.v.).J Want
of observance ; A failure to observe or keep ;
disobedience.
" Breach aud inobtervanoe of certain wholesome and
politic law* for government. 1 * Bacon : Judicial
Chargt,
Xn-db-ferv'-ant, a. [Lat. inobservans, from
in- not, and observans = observant (q.v.);
Fr. inobservant; Ital. itwbservante.} Not ob-
servant ; not taking notice or heed ; heedless.
" He ha* been inobservant of impudent," Durd ;
Sermons, vol. vi., aer. 23.
* in 6b-s6r va -tion, . fPref. in- (2), and
Eng. observation (q.v.); Fr, inobservation. }
Want or neglect of observation.
"Toes* write are in all this guilty of tbe mort
hamcfull inobservativn" ShucJkford: Chi the Crea-
tion, p. 118.
*in-6b-trft'-sive. a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
obtrusive (q.v.).] Not obtrusive ; unobtrusive.
(Coleridge.)
* in-ob-tru'-rive-ly, adv. [Eng. inobtru-
fivc; -ly.\ In an inobstrusive manner; un-
obtrusively.
* in-db tru'-sive-ness, s. [Eng. inobtn*
sive ; *ness t } '1 he quality or state of being in
obtrusive ; nnobtrusiveuess.
in 6-car'-pin t s. [Mod. Lat, inocarp(us) :
in.] A red colouring matter contained in till
juice of the Inocnrpueilulis. The juice is at
first colourless, but on exposure to the air
turns red, aud dries up to a gummy masa. It
is soluble in water and in alcohol, but Inso-
luble in ether.
in - 6 - car 1 - pus, s. [Gr. t (is), genii. ii>6<
(inos) a fibre, and Kopiro? (karjws) = fruit
Named from the fibrous envelopes.]
Bot. : A genus of Thymelaeeae, tribe Her-
nandia. Inocarpus edulis, the Otaheite chest-
nut, is a large tree, with alternate leaves and
white flowers in racemes, followed by kidney-
shaped nnts, eaten, when roasted, by the na-
tives of the Pacific, the Eastern Islands, 4c,
* Xn-oo-cn-pa'-tion, *. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. occupation (q.v.),] Want of occupation.
in 6-9cr y -a-mus, . [Gr. Z? (is), ivfc (ziws) m
strength, force . . a fibre, and xepofioc (kera-
mos) potter's earth, a tile.]
Palceont. : A genus of Aviculidte (Wing-
shells), The shell Is inequivalve, ventrieose,
radiately or concentrically furrowed, with
prominent urn bones, a straight, elongated
Bilge-line, and numerous transverse, close-set
cartilage pits. It is akin to Perna. Seventy-
five species known, all fossil from the Silurian
to the chalk. (S. P. Woodward.)
* in~$c'-u-la-ble, a. [Lat. ino>xtl(o) = to in-
oculate ;* Eng. -able.}
\. Capable of being inoculated.
2. That may communicate disease by inocu-
lation.
Inocnlable-bubo, 5.
Path. ; A bubo which has been inoculated
with morbid matter. Called also virulent bubo.
in-6c'-u-lar, a. [Pref. in- (1) ; Lat oeulus
the eye, and Eng. suff. -ar.]
Entom. (Of Antennce): Inserted in the angle
of the eye.
Xn-OO'-U-late, v.t. & I. [Lat. inocnlatus, pa.
par. of inoculo = to graft a bud of one tree
on to another.]
A. Transitive:
L Ordinary Language :
1. LU. : [IL 1, 2J.
2. Fig. : To implant in the ralnd of any
one certain opinions foreign to his own way of
thinking.
IL Technically:
1. Agric.: To perform the operation of
engrafting or budding. [INOCULATION, * 1.]
2. Med. ; To introduce variolous or other
morbific matter into the system with the view
of mitigating the severity of small-pox or any
other disease.
"The Princess of Wales had two of her children in-
oculated lu the very begiuuiiii- of the movement"
Leclty: England in the Eighteenth Cent., vol. 1., tfh, iv.
B. Intrans. : To practice inoculation (q.v.).
U To inoculate grass :
Agric. : To take pieces of sward fmm an
old meadow, and spread them over a piece of
grass-land somewhat deficient in verdure.
in oc-u-la'-tion, *. (Lat = an engrafting ,
Fr. inoculation.]
* 1. Bot. ; Grafting by the insertion of buds ;
the operation of budding (q.v.).
2. Medically:
tt) The act, art, or operation of comraunl
eating a disease to the bodily frame by intro-
ducing, by one or more punctures in the skin,
or otherwise, the specific poison by which it
Is produced.
(2) (Spec.) : The introduction in such a man-
ner of variolous matter into the system.
Whether or not inoculation for small-pox waa
known in China and India at an earlier period
than in Europe is doubtful. It seems to have
been practiced in South Wales without attract
ing notice. It was to Constantinople that
America, Europe, and the world were indebted
for the discovery. In A.D. 1713 Dr. Emanuel
Timont, a Greek physician there, wrote a
letter to Dr. Woodward in favour of inocula-
tion, which was published in the Philosophical
Transactions, as was a notice of a work in its
favour by Dr. Pylarini, the Venetian consul
b6il. b6y; pout, jo%l; cat, gell, chorus, chin, bench; go, gem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, Xenophon, exist, -tog.
-clan. -tian = shan. -tion. -sion- jhuxi; -(ion. sion -zhun. -tious, -clous, -aious = shiis. -ble, -die, &c. - bel, dfL.
3684
tooculator inosculate
t Smyrna. In 1715 Inoculation was also
supported by Mr. Kennedy, an English sur-
geon who bad travelled in Turkey; but the
actual Introduction of the practice into Eng-
land was brought about by a letter written
in a lively style from Turkey in 1717, by
Idy Mary Wortley Montagu. Returning
to England, she had her child inoculated in
1721. Dr. Keith, who had seen the practice,
submitted his child to it. Then six condemned
criminals, pardoned by George I. on condition
of their consenting to be inoculated, followed
successfully, after which, on April 19, 1722,
the Princesses Amelia and Caroline were
Inoculated. A few days after three inoculated
persons died, one being a child of the Earl ol
Bnnderland ; and, six cases having been fatal
out of 244 conducted by Dr Boylston at
Boston, Massachusetts, between June, 1721.
and January, 1722, an outcry was raised
against Inoculation, so that only about 897
persons were inoculated In the first eight years.
Gradually, however, it made way, and was
irmly established by 1798, in which year
Dr. Jenner announced the discovery of vacci-
nation (q.v.). Before this, the improved me-
tbods introduced by Daniel and Robert Button
had reduced the mortality, which, In 1797,
1798, and 1799, in the small-pox hospitals was
only 1 in 662. Inoculation for small-pox Is
performed by applying the variolous matter to
a few scratches made upon the skin. It com-
municates actual variola, which, however, as
rule, Is of a mild type, but acts as an excel-
lent prophylactic against a malady of more
Tirnlent character. The stage of incubation
! shorter in the inoculated than in the natu-
ral small-pox. The quantity of the eruption is
moderated and the chief force of the disease
is expended upon the skin, to the relief of
the internal organs. While inoculation pro-
tects the individual, he may, in a natural way,
communicate the disease to others, and that
ID malignant form. Inoculation is no
longer practiced, vaccination having taken
its place.
"Inoculation was Introduced Into England from
Turkey by Lady Mty Montagu." LeOcy : tnflanf
N th Eighteenth Century, VoL i., eh. IT.
In oc -u-la tor, . [Lat.]
* 1. One who engrafts plants.
2. One who inoculates for the small-pox.
" Had John a Gaddesden been now living, he would
have been t the head of the inoculatorl:' Friend :
Biitory of Phytick.
In-6'-di-te, v.t. [Lat. in- = in, into, and
odium = hatred, odium ; Ital. inodiare = to
hate.] To make hateful, to bring into odium
or hatred.
Partly to inodiate and Imbitter sin to the chastised
." South : Sc'-mont, voL vL. ser. ft.
In-o dor ate, a. [Lat. in- = not, and
odoraius = Having an odour or scent ; odor =
odour.] Having no scent or odour ; inodorous.
" Whites are more inodorate than flowers of the same
kind coloured." Bacon: Natural Sittory, I 607.
in-d'-d6r-ott,o. [Lat inodona, from in- =
not, and odorut = scented ; FT. inodore.]
Wanting scent or smell ; having no smell.
" Some whit* bodies are inodorous and Insipid."
toyle: Worta, Hi. 301.
iat-if-fen'-slve, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
-"--wit* (q.v.); Fr. inofensij; Sp. inofenrivo ;
. ino/ensivo.]
It Not offensive ; giving no offence or pro-
vocation ; harmless, quiet.
"In manners the most inqf entire of men." Mac-
*Mfok> - Sift. Ktig., eh. vi.
2. Causing no uneasiness or alarm.
"Should Infants have taken offence at any thing,
sailing pleasnut and agreenble apjiear.uices with It
must be used, til] it be grown ittojfe>itic to them."
Locke : tin education.
3. Harmless, innocent, innocuous.
" Thus thy praise shall be expressed,
Inoffentlee, welcome guest! Cowper: Cricket.
4. Not causing any obstruction or hin-
drance ; unobstructed.
" From neuoe a passage broad.
Smooth, easy, inqffenttee, down to hell."
Milton: p. t., x. 80S.
|lV-4f-fen'-sIye-ly, adv. [Eng. inoffensive;
-ly.] In an inoffensive manner ; without giv-
ing offence ; without harm.
" Not thus indfrtuieely preys,
The cankerworm, iiidwelHngfoe 1"
Covrper: Innocent Thief. (Trans.)
In if-fen' slve ness, s. [Eng. Inoffensive;
-ness.] The quality or state of being inoffensive.
" Here must bee wisdome and inoffensiveneue of car-
it*fe." Sp. Salt: Ep. vi., dec. 4.
* fa-of-fT-clal (el as ah), a. [Pref. in- (2)
and Eng. official (q.v.).] Not official, nmiffl
cial, notdone officially or by a duly authorize*
official : as, an inofficial communication.
in-or-ft'-elal-ly (d as sh), adv. [E
inofficial; -ly.} In an Inofficial manner; nol
officially ; without the usual forms.
" ln-6f fl'-clous. a. [Lat. inofflnofus. from
in- = not, and officium = duty ; Fr. inofficienz;
Ital. inqfficiosa.] Not attentive to duty ; re-
gardless of natural obligation ; neglectful
heedless.
"Tbou drown it thy selfe In InoJKtlout sleepe."
Ben Jonton : King t Entertainment.
inofficious testament, s.
Law: A will contrary to a parent's natural
duty, by which a child is unjustly deprived ol
his inheritance.
* fn-olT, v.t. [Pref. in- (I), and Eng. oil (q.v.).]
To anoint.
"As well as if be was tnoiled." -Strype : Cranmer,
bk. it. ch. i.
In'-i-Ute, s. [Or. I, (it), genit. iwit (i*o) = a
fibre, and Ai'Sov (lithos) = a stone.]
Afin, : The same as CALC-SINTER (q.v.).
* In 6p er-a'-tton, . [Lat. inoperatut, pa.
par. of inoperor = to work : in- = In, and
operor = to work ; oput (genit. operu) = work.]
Agency, influence.
" Here Is not a cold and feeble prevention, but an
(feet Hal inoperafi'in, yea a powerful creation." fiithop
fall : Honour of the Married Clergy, bk. I., ch. ilv.
Jn-Sp'-er-a-ttve, o. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
operative (q.v.).] Not operative ; not pro-
ducing a result or effect ; having no operation.
" Though the divine knowledge ... be of itself in-
operative." South: Sermons, VoL vt, ser. 4.
in-A-per'-cn-lar, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
opermlar (q.v.).] [INOPERCULATA.]
Of univalve shells: Having no opercnlum or
lid. (Owen.)
in d per cu la'-ta, s. pi. [Pref. in- (2), and
Lat. operculata, netit. pi. of operculutus, pa,
par. of opemtlo = to furnish or cover with a
lid ; operculum = a cover, a lid.]
ZooL : A section of Pulmoniferous Molluscs
having the shell inoperculate (q.v.). It con-
tains the highest families of the Pulmonifera,
viz., Helicidee, Limacide, Oncidiadee, Lim-
neeidee, and Auricnlidse.
In 6 pey-cu-late, a. [IMOPERCULATA.]
Zool. : Not having an operculum or lid clos-
ing the aperture of the shell when the animal
withdraws into it for shelter.
"The rest are inopercutate, and sometimes shell.
less." Woodward ; Moilutca (1876), p. 2S5.
In 6 per -cu-lat Sd, o. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. operculated.] The same as INOPERCULATE
(q.v.).
" Inoperculated Pulmonifera, consisting of five
'--"- -..-,.. Sat _ ma ._ n ,.
effe
Ball
In op' In a-We, a. [Lat inopinabilit, from
in- not, aud opinor = to expect. ] Not to be
expected.
In op'- 1 -nate, a. [Lat. inopinatui; Fr.
inopine.] Not expected, unexpected ; not
looked for.
"Casual and inoptnate cases." TtmjtStorehouee.
In-op'-por-tone, o. [Lat. inopportunus,
from in- = not, and opportunus = opportune
(q.v.); Fr. inopportun; Sp. inoportuno; Ital.
inopportune.] Not opportune ; inconvenient,
unseasonable.
In-Sp'-por-tune-ly, adv. [Eng. inoppor-
tune; -ly.] lu an inopportune manner or
time ; unseasonably, inconveniently.
" Even that holy exercise may not be done inoppor-
tunely, nor importuuely." Donne : Letter to Sir a. G.
* In-op-por-tun'-l-ty, . [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. opportunity (q.v.>] Want of opportu-
nity ; unseasonableness.
* In-ip-prSs'-sIve, o. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eug. oppressive (q.v.).] Not oppressive, not
burdensome.
* In-op'-n-lent, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
opulent (q.v.).] Not opulent; not affluent or
rich ; poor.
In-or'-di-na-cy, . [Eng. inordinate) ; -cy.]
The quality or state of being inordinate ; de-
viation from order or regularity ; irregularity,
disorder, excess, want of moderation, innrdi-
nateness.
"They become very sinful by theexress, whlcti were
not so in their nature ; ttiKt inorditiacy gets them In
opposition to God's designation. "Government q/ the
In or di nate, * In-or dl nat, a. [Lat
inordinatus, from in- = not, and ordinatus =>
set in order ; Ital. inordinate.] Irregular, not
in order, disorderly, excessive, immoderate,
passing all bounds, intemperate.
"He could not accuse Tlllotson of inordinate ambi
tlon." Macaulay : Hilt. Bug., ch. xiv.
. . * In-or-di-nat-ly, adv.
[Eng. inordinate ; -ly.] In an inordinate man-
ner or degree ; irregularly, excessively, im-
moderately.
"Nottolouelttaordfetatiy." Tyndall: Worket. p. 2M.
In or di nate ness, * In or' dj nate-
nesse, s. [Eng. inordinate; -ness.] 'The
quality or state of being inordinate ; inordi-
nacy.
"He who Is mercy itself abhorres cruelty In nil
creature above another inordhmteneue."Bp. HnU:
Contempt. ; aibeonUet Kenenaed.
* in or di na tlon, s. [Lat. inordinotio,
from inordinatus = inordinate (q.v.).] Devia-
tion from rule or right ; deviation from the
accustomed order; excess, want of modera-
tion, inordinacy, intemperance.
" We are taught l>y this word to slgnlfle all Irregu-
larity aud inordinatitm In actions of religion." Biehom
Taylor: Strmont, vol. it, ser. 8.
In or-gan' Ic, In~or gan'-Ic-al,a. [Pref.
in- (2)i and Eng. organic, orjanicor(q.v.) ; Fr.
inorganique; Sp. & Ital. inorganico.) Devoid
or destitute of organs ; not having the organs
or instruments of life.
" Many erroneous opinions are about the essence and
original! of it [the rational! soule] . . . whether it be
orgaulea! or inorgunical." Burton : Anatomy of Melon,
choly, p. 26.
Inorganic cardiac-murmur, s.
Anat. : [MURMUR].
inorganic chemistry,?. The chemistry
of inorganic or unorganized bodies. The dis-
coveries of the past few years have rendered it
impossible to say where inorganic chemistry
ends and where organic chemistry begins;
but in general terms it may be said that in-
organic chemistry treats of the metals, or of
the metals in combination with one or more
of the non-metallic bodies. A metal in com-
bination with oxygen produces an oxide, wh i 1st
a metal in combination with an acid produces
a salt, both beine inorganic compounds. The
union of iron with oxygen produces ferrous
oxide, FeO, and ferric oxide, Fej.O 3 ; vith
chlorine ferric chloride, Fe 2 Cl; whilst fer-
rous and ferric oxides, when combined with
sulphuric acid, produce ferrous sulph..te,
FeO-SO 3 7H ? O,andferriC8ulphate,FejO3-3bO.,
The aim of inorganic chemistry is to examine
into the general laws or rules which regulate
the formation of such metallic bodies, and to
determine the action of one upon another.
(ORGANIC-CHEMISTRY.)
* In or gan -Ic-al-ly, adv. [Eng. inorga*
ical ; -ly.] In an inorganic manner; without
organs or organization.
-ty, s. [Eng. inorgan(ic); -ity.l
The quality or state of being inorganic-
(Browne.)
In or gan iza' tlon, s. [Pref. in- (2), aud
Eng. organization (q.v.). j The quality or state
of being inorganized ; absence or want of or-
ganization.
In or-gan ized, a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. organized (q.v.).] Not having organia
structure ; devoid of organs ; inorganic.
In-or-moos, a. [ENORMOUS.]
* In or'-nate, a. [Lat. inornatus, or pref. in-
(2), and Eng. ornate.] Not ornate, unadorned.
* In or thog' ra phy, s. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. orthography (t\.v .).} Deviation from cor-
rect orthography.
jl 6s cu-late, v.i. ft t. [Lat. in- = in, and
osculatus, pa. par. of oscular = to kiss ; Ital.
inosculare.] [OSCULATION.]
A. Intransitive :
* 1. Ord. Lang. : To run into one another ;
to form the complement of each other.
2. Anal. : To unite by the mouth of on
fSte, fat, Hire, amidst, what, fall, father ; we, wet, here, camel, her, there ; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine ; go, pit,
r, wore, wolf, work, who, son; mate, cab, cure, unite, our, rale, fall; try, Syrian. SB, OB = ej ey = a. an - lew.
inosculation inquiry
2685
vessel fitting into the mouth of another ; to
auaatoillOM! (q.v.).
"Now tliitriftl) conjugation of nerves ia branched to
the prax:or<r.a also. In eoiue measure by iMmenlatiag
with one of its nerves." Durham: Phyiico-Theoluiju,
bk. v., ch. vlil
3. Hart. : Grafting or budding.
* B. Transitive :
1. To anite, as two vessels in an animal
hody.
2. To unite Intjnately ; to cause to become
one ; to blend.
, s. [Fr., from Lat,fn- =
in, and oscitlatus, pa. par. of oscufor = to kiss.]
1, Ord. Lang. : An incorporating or assimi-
lating nnion or blending.
2. Anat. : Union of two vessels by the
mouth of the one fittingiuto that of the other ;
anastomosis (q.v.).
"Thence returning, by itosculatitms, through the
veins or bark vessels to the loot or lacteala again."
Berkeley ; Sirti, | H4.
(n-6V-I<3, a. [Gr. (is), genit. Ivoy (inos)=:
strength, force ; Eng. suit', -ic.J (See the com-
pound,)
inosic acid, s.
Chem. : CjsHaNaOe- &** uncrystallizable sub-
stance found in the mother liquor of the pre-
paration of creatine from Mesh-juice. It Is
very soluble in water, the aqueous solution
having the flavour of broth, hut insoluble in
alcohol and in ether. The inosates on being
heated to redness are decomposed, giving off
the odour of roast meat. The inosates of
potassium and sodium are very soluble in
water, but insoluble in alcohol. The inosate
of copper is insoluble in water, alcohol, and
acetic acid, but soluble in ammonia.
in' --i -site, *. [Gr. fr (is\ genit. Iv6s (inot) =
strength, force ; -ite.]
Chem. : C 6 H 12 <V2H2O. A non-fermentable
substance, isomeric with glucose, discovered
by Scherer in the muscular substance of the
heart of the ox. It has since been found to exist
in the lungs, kidneys, liver, spleen, and brain,
and in the urine dining some diseases of the
kidney. It is obtained from the mother liquor
of the creatine crystals, by acidulating with
sulphuric acid, and then gradually adding
alcohol till a tnrbHity begins to appear.
Potassic sulphate first separates, and, on add-
ing more alcohol, inosite in cauliflower-like
groups of colourless crystals, which on re-
crystallization assume the form of large
rhombic prisms of sweet taste. Inosite ef-
floresces in dry air, giving off its water of
crystallization, and leaving anhydrous inosite,
CflH 12 Oft, as a white efflorescent mass. It
melts at 210% and dissolves in sixteen parts
of water at 10 5, but is insoluble in absolute
alcohol and in ether. On evaporating inosite
nearly to dryness with nitric acid, adding a
solution of ammoniacal calcic chloride, and
again evaporating, a beautiful and very cha-
racteristic rose-colouration is obtained. When
inosite is dissolved in strong nitric acid, and
concentrated sulphuric acid added, nitro-ino-
site separates. This has the composition,
CgH^ONO.^, which indicates that inosite is
not an aldehyde sugar, but a hexhydric alcohol
of the formula CfiH^OH^. Inosite is also
found in many plants, especially in green
beans, the shells of peas, in the leav the
vine, in asparagus, &c.
in ough, a. & adv. [ENOUGH.]
p', adv. [Eng. in, and ower == over.]
Nearer to any object ; close to ; forward.
(Scotch.)
In ox- I diz a-ble, a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. oxidizable (q.v.).J
Chem. : Not oxidizable ; not capable of
being united with oxygen to form an oxide.
' In-pale', o. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. pale, s.
(4 v.).] Impaled.
"Reuben Is conceived to bear three ban wave, Judah
a lyon rampant. Dan a seriwut uowed, Simeon a sword
tnpalt. the point erected, Ac." Browne : Vulgar Er.
rOHr, bk. v., ch. X.
in-par'-clto-a-Me. o. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. pardonable (q. v.).] Unpardonable.
"They nhulde soore trespasae agaynst hym so y it
cte. voL 1.. cbTccclxvl.
to p^r'-ti-bfis. The nsual contracted form
of the Latin phrase, in partibus infidelium^
m countries belonging to unbelievers.
^[ Bishop in partibus : A bishop consecrated
to a see formerly existing, but which, owing
chiefly to the rise of Muhammed.-uiisin, has
long been lost to the Roman Church. Bih(rj)s
in partibus date from the Reformation. Catho-
lic affairs in England were managed by Vicars-
Apostolic, having titular sees in partibit*,
from 1623 to the erection of the hierarchy in
1S50. Besides Vicars- Apostolic, in a non-
Catholic country, the Vicars of Cardinal-
bishops, Suffragan-bishops, and Papal Nuncioa
usually have their sees in partibus injidelium.
* in' path, *. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. path.] An
intricate way. (Stanyhurst : Virgil: jneid
iii. 396.)
in pa tient (tl as sh), s. [Pref. in- (1), and
Eng. patient, s.] A patient who receives board
and lodging as well as medical treatment in a
hospital or an infirmary. [OUTPATIENT.]
* in'-pen-n^ t s, [Eng, in, and penny.] Money
paid by the custom of some manors on aliena-
tion of tenants, &c. [OUTPENNY.]
* in place, adv. phr. [Eng. in, &ndplace.] There.
in poV-se, pjtr. [Lat.] Possibility of being ;
probability. [!N ESSE.]
* in prav a-ble, a. [Pref. in- (2); Lat.
prav(atu$), pa. par. of pravo = to corrupt, and
Eng. suff. -able.] Incorruptible. (Becon :
Works, i. 105.)
in pro pri a per so' -na, phr. [Lat.] In
one's own person or character.
Xn'-pAt, *. [Eng. in, and put.] A contribution.
"Ilka aneto be liable for their am input." Scott :
Start of Mid-Lothian, ch. xii.
* in-quar-ta'-tion, s. [Fr., from in- = In,
and quart = a fourth part. So called because
there is a fourth part of gold to three-fourths
of silver.]
Metatt. ; The same as QUARTATION (q.v.).
In'-quest, * en-queste, s. [O. Fr. inquest?,
from Lat. inquisita (res) = (a thing) inquired
into ; fern. sing, of inquisitus, pa. par. inqitiro
= to inquire into ; Fr. enquete ; ItaU inchiesta.]
I. Ord. Lang. : An inquiry ; an investiga-
tion ; a quest ; a search. (Most frequently
used in the sense of U (1).)
"Thi* Is the laborious and vexatious inquttt that the
soul must make after Bcieuce." South : Vermont, voL
i., wr. 6.
EL Law :
1. A judicial inquiry before a Jury
2. The jury itself.
"Al we of ihe inquest together went vp Into the aayd
tower, where we found tbeoody of the aayd Hun baiig.
iiig vpou a staple of irou." Ball ; Henry Vlll. (au. 8)
1[ (1) Coroner's inquest ; A judicial inquiry
before a coroner and a jury into the circum-
stances and causes of the deaths of such as
die suddenly or from violence, or in a prison.
[CORONER.]
(2) Inquest or Inquisition of Office : An in-
quiry made, with the assistance of a jury, by
the sovereign's officer, his sheriff, coroner, or
escheator, virtute officii or by writ to them
sent for that purpose, or by commissioners
specially appointed, into any matter entitling
the sovereign to the possession of lands or
tenements, goods or chattels.
* in-qul'-et, v.t. [Lat. inquieto, from in- =
not, and quies (genit. quiet is) = quiet ; Fr.
inquieter ; Sp. & Port, inquietar.] To dis-
quiet ; to disturb ; to trouble.
" Durynge the moat part of his relgue he ( Hen. VII.]
was lyttle or nothyug inrfuieted," Sir T. Elyot: The
Qovemour, bk. i., ch. xxlv.
* in-qiu et a' tion, s. [Lat. inguiettttlo, from
inquieto = to disturb : in-= not, and quies
(genit quietis) quiet.] Disturbance, trouble.
The great trouble and inquiftntion of the lay sub-
tM."~W'irb,trton : Alliance tutiewn CAurcA 4 State,
. 1L (Notes.)
In-qnT-e-tude, *. [Fr, from Lat. inquietudo,
from in- not, and qitietudo = quiet ; Sp. i
quietud ; Ital. inquietudiiie.] Disturbed state ;
want of quiet or peace ; restlessness, uneasi-
ness, disquietude.
" And stirrings of inquietude, when they
By tendency of nature needs must fall."
Wordtworth : Michnet.
* in'-qui-line, *. [Lat. inquilinus = a tenant,
a lodger ; one who lives in a habitation not
his own.]
Ent'vn. : An insect living in an abode pro-
perly belonging to another, as certain insects
iectM."
bk. 1L
in galls made by the true gall-insects. (A*
nandaU.)
* in -qui-nate, v.t. [Lat. inqxinatus, pa, par.
of inqiuno, from in- (intend.), and*ctmio =
to void excrement; O. Fr. inquiner; Sp. in-
quinar.] To pollute, to corrupt.
"It [the air] la ] particularly inguinattd, infected.-
Evelyn : Fumifivjium, pt. vL
* In-qul-na'-tion, . [Lat. inquinatio, from
inquinatus, pa. par. of inquino.} The act o(
polluting or corrupting ; the state of being
polluted or corrupted ; pollution, corruption.
"These inwards be the very pollution and inquin*
tion at the ttesh." P. Holland : Plutarch, p. 28*.
* in quiV a blo, a. [Eng. inqttir(e); -able.]
That may o'r can be Inquired into ; subject or
liable to inquisition or inquiry.
" There may be many more things inqiiirable by you
throughout all the former parts- ilaconi The Judi-
cial Charge, Ac.
* in-qmr'-ance, . [Eng. inquire); -ance.}
Inquiry.
in -quire', enquire', * en-quere, in-
quere, v.i. &, t. [Lat. inquire = to seek or
examine into : in- = in, into, and qucero = to
aeek ; Frtenquerir; Sp. inquirir.]
A. Intransitive :
1. To ask questions ; to seek for informa-
tion or truth by asking questions.
" Of faerie lond yet if be more inquire . .
He may it find." Spenier ; ?. ., II. (Introd.)
2. To seek for truth by argument or discus-
siou of questions.
3. To make or hold a judicial inquiry ; to
investigate or examine into the causes of any-
thing ; followed by into : as, A coroner in-
quires into the cause of a death.
IT Inquire is followed by of before the per-
son asked or questioned ; by about, after, con-
cerning, for, into, or of before the subject of
inquiry. After or for is used when a place or
person is sought for ; into when search Is made
for particular knowledge or information.
B. Transitive :
1. To ask about, to seek for information con-
cerning : as, To inquire one's way or road.
2. To examine into ; to seek to know.
"And all obey aiid few inquire hU will."
Byron : Cortair, L 1
* 3. To ask, to beg. (Followed by of.)
" But, as I said. He will be inquired of by them to do
It for them. " Banyan : Ptigrim't Progrtt*, pL U.
* 4. To call, to name.
" Now CHiitiuni. whicb Kent we commonly inquire,"
p0njr; P. V-. II- x. 12.
In-qnir-en'-do, . [Lat. gerund of inquire
= to seek into, to inquire.]
Law: An authority given in general to some
person or persons, to inquire into something
for the benefit of the Crown.
* in-quir'-ent, a. [Lat. inquirens, pr. par. of
inquiro= to seek into, to inquire (q.v.).}
Making inquiry ; inquiring.
" E'en Delia's eye,
As in a garden, roves, of hues alone
Ittyuirent, curious." Shenttone: (Economy, 1L
In-quir'-iMP, . [Eng. inquire); -er.] One
who inquires, examines, or seeks for informa-
tion.
" He aiisweretli all sincere inquirer! of truth, as he
did Saint Thomas." Mvuntayut: Devoute Xttnyt, pt
I, tr. viii. S 1.
In-quir'-Ing, pr. par., a., & i. [INQUIRE.]
A. As pr. par. : (See the verb).
B. As adj. : Inclined or given to inquiry or
investigation ; inquisitive : as, He is of a very
inquiring disposition.
C. As subst. : The act of making inquiry ;
inquiry.
in quir'-ing-ly, adv. [Eng. inquiring; -ly t ]
In an inquiring manner ; by way of inquiry.
* Xn-quir'-ist, . [Eng. inquire); -ist.] One
who seeks information ; an inquirer (q.v.).
(Richardson: Clarissa, iv. 321.)
'-^,*. [Eng. inquire); -y.}
1. The act of inquiring, examining, or in-
vestigating ; interrogation.
" He oould no path n >r tract of foot descry,
No by inquiry leiirne." Spentvr: f. U.-. VI. iv. 3*.
2. The act of searching or seeking for t ruth,
information, or knowledge ; examination or
investigation of principles by questions aod
discussion ; investigation.
" Where bold Inquiry, diving out of sight,
Brings many a precioua pearl of truth to light.*
Ctmrper :
boil, bo^; pout, jo^rl; oat, 90!!, chorus, ohin, bench; go, gem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, ^cnophon, exist, ph - C
-clan, -tian = shan. -tion, -sion = shun ; -flon, -sion = zliun. cious t tioua, -sloma = shus. -ble, -die, &c. - bel, del.
2680
inquisible inrunning
3. A judicial investigation into a matter.
^ (1) Writ of inquiry : (See extract).
"Where damages, properly so called, lire to be re-
covered. ft jury must lie called in to amou them
nnl"BS the MfatuUnt, to nave chargeH, will confess the
whole damages laid in the declaration, otherwise the
entry of the Incitement IB, 'that tlie plaintiff ought to
recover hi damages (ilideflniU'lyl. but because the
court know not what diuuagea the snul jilaintdr lias
sustained, therefore the sheriff Is cotiimnuded that l>y
the onths of twelve honest and lawful men he inquire
Into the Mild damages, and return such inquisition
into court.' This in-ocew la calletl a writ of inquiry:
li\ the execution of which the nheriff Bitea* Judge, and
trie* by n ]nry, imbjrct to nearly the name law and
Ellticna as the trinl by jury at niti prim, what
a^'ea the pUIatln* has really attained; and when
rverrlic't is (rfven, which ifiustMnu jjpntAamaffeB
the sht-riir returns the inquisition, which is cntfi.-il
ujH.il the roll in manner nf a pnntfi ; and thereupon it
If considered that the plaintiff do recover the exact,
mm of the damage* so assessed. In like manner, when
A demurrer is detcrintniu-d for the plaintiff up
action wherein damans are recovered, the Judg
U also Incomplete, wlthont the aid of a writ of inq
When a writ of injunction or mandamus has
claimed, this also will be awarded by the Judgment."
Kactofont: Comment., bk. lii.. oh. 14.
(2) Court of Inqu iry :
IMP : (See Court of Enquiry, under COURT].
Xn-QuIf'-I ble, a, [Lat. inquis(itus\ pa.
par. of i&qiiiro ; Eng. a<lj. suff. -HU.] Admit-
ting of or liable to inquiry.
* In ~qui? fee, v.t. [Lat. inquisitvs, pa. par. of
inqitiro to Inquire (q.v.).] To inquire into.
(North : Examen> 621.)
fn qnl 9! tlon, s. [From Lat. inquisUio =
a seeking or searching for, from inquisitus, pa.
ar. of inquire = to seek after; Fr. inquisition ;
ov. tnqitisicio; Sp. inquisition; Port, inqui-
Ital. inquisiziane.]
par.
Pro
1 Ord. TMng. : Inquiry, quest, search.
"When he maketb inqnUition for blood," Ptalm
1 1 12.
IL Technically:
1. Ch. Hist. : A tribunal for searching out.
Inquiring into, and condemning offences against
the Canon Law, especially heresy, and taking
means to have the offenders punished by the
Civil Power. Inquisitors and the Inquisition
did not come in together; the former prucwk'd
the latter. [INQUISITOR.] It is sometimes
erroneously said that St. Dominic suggested
to Innocent III. the institution of such a tri-
bunal, and was by him appointed the first
inquisitor. In reality it was resolved on at a
synod held at Toulouse, in 1229, under Gregory
IX., after the Alhigeusian crusade, and was
formally established by him in 1233, Innocent
havingdied in 1216, and Dominic in 1221. The
synod ordered that in every parish a priest
and several respectable laymen should be ap-
pointed to searr-h for heretics and bring them
before the bishops. Ere long the bishops
handed over the invidious task to the Domini-
can order. Gregory appointed none but Do-
minicans, Innocent III. occasionally Francis-
Cans, and Clement III. sent Into Portugal a
prior of the order of Minims (q.v.). The tri-
bunal was called the Holy Office, or the Holy
Inquisition. Its judges being more accus-
tomed to ecclesiastical than to genuinely legal
procedure, encouraged Informers, concealing
their names from the person accused, w)n>
was urged to make a complete confession.
Torture was also used to extract evidence. It
wag established in France in consequence of
the decrees of the Synod of Toulouse. Philip
the Fair converted its tribunals into State
Courts, by means of which he crashed the
Templars. In 1588 the Grand Inquisitor,
Louis de Rochelle, was convicted of Calvinism,
ami burnt. The power of these courts was
otiii after transferred to the Parliament, and
finally, in 1560, to the bishops.
Nowhere in the world did the Inquisition
find a more congenial soil than in Spain. There
were in that country multitudes of Mahoin-
medans and Jews who, to shelter themselves
from persecution, professed to be Christians,
while all the time not merely practising their
former religious observances in secret, but
actually making proselytes to their respective
faiths. In 1481 the Inquisition was established
at Seville, by Ferdinand and Is.ibelln, two
Dominicans being the first judges. Torque-
mada, another Dominican, who became Grand
Inquisitor in 1483, and held office for fifte.-n
years, extended it to various other towns. It
was popular with the lower orders and the
clergy, but was hated witli a deadly hatred by
the nobles and the middle classes. It was in-
troduced into Peru and Mexico in 15V 1. Ll<>-
rente, the historian of the Inquisition, was
its secretary at Madrid from 1V90 to 1792.
Napoleon I. suppressed it on December 4,
1808, and it was abolished on February 12,
1813, by the Cortes. Ferdinand VII. having
re-mtaDlished it in 1814, the Cortes in 1820
abolished it again. [AUTO DE FE.] In U.2G il
\v,is set up in Portugal ; in 1810 its Acts were
burnt at Goa. Th<- Congregation of the Car-
dinals of tlie Holy Inquisition was instituted
by Pope Paul III., in 1542, and remodelled by
SixtusV. about forty yearsLtter. It is composed
of twelve cardinals, of a cnrimiissjiry, who acts
as .judge, of a counselor or assessor, of con-
snltcrs, an advocate, Ac., and is under the
immediate presidency of the Pope. The open-
ing of the dungeons of the Inquisition at Rome,
in 1348, by the Roman Triumvirs, created a
deep feeling throughout Europe against the
Inquisition and the Pajwcy. The attempted
introduction of the Inquisition into the United
Provinces caused the Joss of that fertile terri-
tory to Spain. No inquisitor, under that name,
seems to have been ever commissioned to
England ; and when, in the thirteenth century,
Conrad of Marburg attempted to establish
the "Holy Office" in Germany, he was assas-
sinated, and the Inquisition never obtained a
firm footing iu that country.
2. Law:
(1) A judicial inquiry, investigation, or ex-
amination ; an inquest.
(2) The verdict of a petty jury under a Writ
of Inquiry (q.v.) ; also where the court requires
a particular fact certified, or requires the
sheriff to do certain acts in furtherance of its
judgment.
T Inquisition of office : (See extract).
" An intfuuitinn of office is the act of a lmy sum-
moned by the proper officer to imiuire of matters
TvUtiiig to the crown, upon evidence laid before them,
fiucli iiuiuUitiuiis* ujav In- afterward! traversed and
examined ; as particularly the coroner'* inquisition of
the death of a man, wlieu it Duds anyone gttilty t
homicide, (or In such wi tbeotlender su ureaeiibeu
mutt be Mnulgned upon thin inquisition, and may dis-
pute the truth of It.* BtacXtton* : Comment., bk. iv.,
ch 23.
* In-qni-ft-tlon, v.t. [INQUISITION, .] To
. make inquisition or inquiry into or concerning.
* in-qui srf'-tion-al, a. [Eng. inquisition ;
-at.}
1. Relating or pertaining to Inquisition or
Inquiry; making inquiry.
"That tHyuitittnnat spirit with which they were
possessed." Wai-burton : t'recthinktrt, (Dedlc.)
2. Of or pertaining to the Inquisition (q.v.).
* In qui-sr-tion ar-& a. [Eng. inquisition;
-ary.] Inquisitional.
in quif-i : tive, * ln-quts-1 ti, a. & s.
Fr. inifuisitif, from Lat. inquisitivus = seek-
ing into, from inquuUus t pa. par. of inquire
= to seek into, to inquire (q.v.).J
A. As adj. : Addicted or given to inquiry
or to seeking information by asking questions,
discussion, or investigation ; busy iu research ;
prying, curious.
" And ever as they met with any, they would flocke
about them, and bee very inquintt*.*P. Sottwd :
Lieiut, p. 430.
* B. As subst. : An inquisitive, curious, or
prying person; one busy or curioua in re-
search.
5[ For the difference between inquisitive and
curious, see CURIOUS.
ln-qui'-jf-tgfve-ljf t adv. [Eng. inquisitive
-ly.] In an inquisitive manner ; with curiosity
or inquisitiveness.
"If at any time I seeme to study you more in^.i^i-
lively, ft U (or no other end but to know how to pre-
sent you to God Iu my prayers." Donne : Letter*,
p. M9.
in qul^'-i-tlve-ness, 9. [Eng. inquisitive;
ness.] The quality or state of being inquisi-
tive ; curiosity ; a disposition to seek for in-
formation ; anxiety in research.
"Tn this Inferiour element man's infuMttveneti
cannot be exorbitant." Mountague : Oeooufe Euaye t
pt il.. tr. L, 5 2-
in quis 1 tor, " in-quis-1-tour, *.
[Lat.1*
* I. Ordinary Language:
1. One who searches for a suspected person ;
a tracker, a detective.
*' To redeeme himself with a peece of money out of
the inq>tisttour'i hands."/*, mattnd : Suetonius, p. 1.
2. One who examines judicially.
"Mluoe, the strict in-jnisi'er appears."
Dryden : Virgil ; .Eneid vL M2.
3. An inquisitive person, (Feltham: Re-
solves.)
IL Ch. Hist. : A person appointed to search
out latent heresy. The name flrsc appears in-
the Tlieodosian code, A.D. 382; their search
being chiefly directed against the Manichteans.
During the crusade against the Ali>igenscs,
early in the thirteenth century, Innomut III.
had sent out legates to searclr out and punish
these separatists. These wore also called in-
quisitors. Dominic was on* of them, wlit-noe
arose the opinion that he was the first high
functionary of the tribunal called the Inqui-
sition. Specif., a functionary of the ecclesias-
tical tribunal called the floly Office or the In-
quisition (q.v.).
t Xn-qujf9-f-t6r'-l-al,a. [Lat. inqiiisitar, ge-
nit. itiquisitori(s), onif Eng., ic. sulf. -ui.J
1. After the manner of an inquisitor ; as is
done by the agents rf tlie "Holy uin* <."
2. Prying, searcliAig ; minutely questioning .
with unpleasant pertinacity.
"He turned ami met the Inquititorial tone
* My name Is IMa.'" Byron : Lani, 1. 33.
l-lj, adv. [Eng. inquM-
toriai ; -ly.] Ii/an inquisitorial manner.
* Xn-qnltj-l-toy'-ji-OUS, a. [Eng. inquisitor;
-iotw.J Inquiiitorial, inquisitive.
"Under whose ini/i'ititorial and tynuiuioal dim-
cery." MUton ; Keasun <tf ChurtA Government.
, *. [Eng. inquisitor : -s.)
An inquisitive or ' curious woman. (SI iss
Bronte : VUUttt, ch. xxvi.)
* fa-qnij-i-tiir'-i-ent, o. [Formed aa if
from a Lit. * iAqitisiturto, from inguisitits, pa.
par. of tnguiruj Given to inquisition ; inqui-
sitorial.
"80 lll-favoiuedly Imitated by <rar tnquitit orient
blshopa." Miito-t : Areopayittca.
* in-r*o'-I uate, v.t. [Fr. inracmer, from
in- as in, and racine = a root, from Lat. *nZi-
cina, diuiin. of r'.t<!ix (genit, radicis) = a root.l
To implant, to enroot.
* in-rage' f v.t. [ESRAGE.]
* *n-rail' v * la-ratf, v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and
Eng. raU (q.v.).J To rail in; to inclose; to
fence In. (Lit. A Jig.)
"It may be reformed and tnraUed again, by that
general authority hereunto each particular u sub-
ject." Hooker ; cde. Polity, bk. iv., i 13.
* fa -r&p'-ture, v.t. [ENRAPTURE.]
In re, phr. [Let.] In the matter or case oC
V f.(. [ENREGISTER.]
in rem, phr. [Lat.]
Law: Relating to a thing. Civil actions
are divided into actions in rem and actions in
personam. A judgment t?t rent is one pro-
nounced on the status of some particular mat-
ter : as an action for the condemnation nf a
ship in the Court of Admiralty, a suit for nul-
lity of marriage, Ac. (Wkarton,)
* fa-rich', v.t. [ENRICH.]
* In right -ed (gh silent), a. [Pref. in- (IN
and Eug. right; -ed.] Entitled by right.
"We become what he Is, are inrigkted to all he
hath, and endowed with all his goods. Leighton : Ten
Sermon*, ser. v.
in road, *in'-rode, s. [Pref. in- (l), and
Eng. road = raid, from A.8. rckd = a riding.J
L A hostile incursion or entrance into a
country; a sudden and desultory invasion;
an incursion,
" Many hot InroatU
They make In Italy. 7 8ha*eij>. : Ant. 4 Cltop.. i. 4.
2. An attack.
in road', ''J [INROAD, .] To make inroads
into ; to attack, to invade.
" The Saracens . . . conquered Spain, tnrva4t'f Aqut-
talne." fWJ0i'.- OVwc* Bittory.
in -road-er, * in'-rod-er, s. [Eng. in-
ruad, s. ; -er.\ An invader. (FiUter; Worthies,
ch. .\x iv.)
in-roll' t v.t. [ENROLL.]
in-rol'-mcnt, s. [ENROLMENT.]
in'-rtin-ning. s. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng.
running (q.v.)Tj
1. The act of running in.
2. The place or point where a stream falls
Into another, or into the sea.
" At the inrunning of a little breok."
Tennyton: Elnine l.lTft.
fite, fat, f&rc, amidst, what, fall, father; we, wet, here, camel, her, there; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine; go, p*t,,
or. wore, wplf, work, who, *on; mute, ctib, cure, unite, cur, rule, full; try, Syrian, w -e; y=a; qu-kw.
Inrush inscription
in-rush', v.i. [Pref. tnr(l), and Eng. rush
(q.v.).] To break in upon ; to rush in.
" The sea . . . inru>.heth u|xm a little region called
Kcrwet," A Holland: C'amOen, u. ftH.
In'- rush, *. [INRUSH, v.] An Irruption.
(G. SliM: Daniel Deronda, ch, xxxviii.)
In-sab-ba-ta'-ti, * K [Mod. Lat = marked
on thfir sabots : in = on, and Fr. sabot = a
wooden shoe. (See dcf.)j
Eccletio?. A Ch. lii^t. : A name sometimes
given to the Waldensis in the twelfth century
because some of them put the sign of the crows
on their wooden shoes. Called also SABBATATI
(q.v.X (Mosheim: Ch. Uiat. t cent. xii. pt il.,
-h. v.,ll.)
y, s. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
j Want of safety ; insecurity.
In-sal-i-va'-tion, s. [5>., from in- (l),
ja/i'ra, and suff. -(ion-.]
Phys. : The mingling of saliva with the food
during the process of eating.
* In-sa-lu'-brf-oiis, a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. salubrious (q.v.); Lat. insalubcr.] Not
salubrious, not healthy, not wnolesome, un-
healthy.
" Court* that intalubriout aoQ to peace."
Young: Sight Thought!, viil 1,030.
* In-sa-lu'-bri-ttf, s. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
salubrity (q.v.); Lat. insalttbritas.] Want of
salubrity ; unhealthiness, unwholesomeness.
" To Investigate the wholesomeneao or intalubrity of
aliments." Boy!*/ Work*, U. ill.
.-aal'-n-tar-
salutary (q.v.).]
1. Not salutary ; not favourable to health ;
unwholesome.
2. Not tending to safety ; productive of
evil.
ian-a-ttfr-I-ty, s. [Ens. insanable;
-ity.] The quality or state of being insanable
or incurable.
* in-san'-a-ble, a. [Lat. insanabilis, from
in- = not, and sanua = whole, sound.] In-
curable, irremediable.
*In-san'-a-ble-ness, . [Eng. insanable;
-ness.] The state or condition of being insan-
able ; incurableness, insa liability.
*In-san'-a-bl^, adv. [Eng. insanao(le) ; -ly.]
In an insanable manner; 90 as to be incurable.
in sane', a. [Lat. insanvs, from in- = not,
and san us whole, sound, sane ; Sp. & Ital.
insano.]
1. Not sane ; unsound in mind or Intellect ;
deranged in mind ; mad, lunatic.
" Soon after Dryden'a death she became intone.'
Malone: Life of Drydim.
2. Used byorappropriatedtoinsaneperaons:
as, an insane hospital.
3. Making insaneor made; causing insanity.
(INSANE- BOOT.]
4. Exceedingly rash or foolish : as, an in-
$ane action.
* insane-root, s.
Bot. : The Hemlock, Conium maculatum.
" Or have we eaten on tne insane-root
That take* tne reason prisoner."
Shakesp. : Macbeth, 11. 8.
fn-sanc ly, adv. [Eng. insane; -ly.] In an
insane manner ; like one insane ; madly,
rashly, foolishly.
* in-sa'-nie, s. [O. Fr., from Lat. insania.}
Madness, insanity.
" After a little insanlf they fled tag and rag."
H'. liulme: Fall & Evil Succetse of Rebellion.
In -sane '-ness, s. [Eng. insane ; -ness.] The
quality or state of being insane ; insanity.
In san'-I ate, v.t. [Lat. in- = not ; sanvs
(genit. sani) = whole, and Eng. suff. -ate.] To
make unsound or distempered.
"Does not the distemper of the body intaniate
the soul? '-Felthnr*: Retolvet.
t In-san'-I-tar-jf, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
sanitary (q.v.).] Prejudicial to health.
" He considered the house to be In an insanitary
condition, 'datty Telegraph. Aug. 22, 1884.
In-S&n'-I-tJf, *. [Eng. insan(e) ; -ity; Fr. in-
snnite, from Lat. intnnitas (genit. inaanitatis)
unsoundness, unhealthiness, disease.]
1. Path. : Unsoundness of mind, disorder of
the intellect. In this disease the encephalic
nervous textures are primarily involved. The
brain being the material instrument by which
the mind manifests itself, it is by restoring
the perverted functions of the braiu itself
that a lure is to be looked for, s in other
diseased parts of the body, by appropriate
treatment :>f its structures. There are six
varieties of insanity : mania, acuteand chronic;
melancholia; dementia; paralysis of the in-
sane ; idiotcy ; and imbecility. The "non-
restraint" system is now admitted to be of the
greatest value, but legislation is still required
as to granting of certificates, the conduct of
private isyltnns, and other points connected
with the care of the insane.
2. Treatment: Great attention has been paid
to the treatment of insanity in the- United
States, state asylums being established, in
which all citizens, rich and poor alike, have
privilege of treatment. The members of the
Society of Friends, in Pennsylvania, were the
first to provide asylums for the insane, a
philanthropic movement in which they have
been widely followed, until our institutions are
now unsurpassed in condition and character.
At Kankakce, Illinois, there is an "insane
town," composed of twenty houses laid out on
each side of a street, with a central dining
room for the patients, a central ward for the
stck, Ac. In Grciit Britain the asylums for the
insano cannot be surpassed in management
and accommodation, and the two countries
named probably lead the world in this particu-
lar, though the other countries of Europe give
careful heed to this humane duty. [LUNACY.]
* fn-sap'-or-^, a. Lat. in- = not ; sapor =
taste, and Eng. idj. suff. ~y.] Having no
taste ; tasteless, insipid.
in-sa-ti-a-bfl'-{-tjr (ti as Sbl), . [Lat in-
8atiabilitas t from intatiabilis = insatiable
(q.v.) ; Fr. insatiabiliU : Sp. insaciabilidad ;
Ital. insaziabilita.} Hie quality or state of
being insatiable; insatiableness.,
Jn-sa'-ti-a-ble (ti as shl\ * In-sa-ci a-
ble, a. Ll-'r. insatiable^ from Lat. insatiabilis,
from in- = not, and wtio = to satiate, to
satisfy ; Sp. insaciable; Ital. insmiabile.] Not
satiable ; that cannot be satisfied or appeased ;
greedy beyond measure.
"That intatiable thirst men {had of knowing what
Uod thought to conceal from them." StUlingjlect :
Sermons, vol. iii., tur. xii.
In-sa'-ti-a bio ness (ti as sfal), s. [Eng.
insatiable'; -ness.] The quality or state of
being insatiable ; greediness that cannot be
satisfied or appeased.
"There being no thorow or real satisfaction, but a
kind of iniiti<iblfin>sit l-elonging to this condition."
Stut/tetbury ; Inquiry Concerning Virtue, bk. it, pt il.
in : sa-ti a bly (ti as shl), adv. [Eng. insa-
tiab(le) ; -ly.] In an insatiable manner or de-
gree ; so ah not to be satisfied or appeased.
" He WM intatiably greedy of praise." Jfacaulay :
BUt. Kng., ch. xx.
t in-sa'-ti-ate (ti as sbl), a. [Lat. insatiatits,
from in- = hot, and satiatus, pa. par. of satio
=. to satisfy.] Not to be satisfied or appeased ;
insatiable.
" His own intattate reservoir to fill."
Thornton : Liberty, V. 451.
in sa'-ti ate ly (ti as sfii), ado. [Eng.
insatiate; -ly.] In an insatiate manner; in-
satiably.
" For we on that intatiately did feed."
brnytvn : Legend of Pierce Gavttton.
* In-sa' ti -ate ness (ti as shl), a. [En?.
insatiate ; -ness. ] The .Duality or state of being
insatiate or insatiable.
* in-sa-ti'-e-t& s. [Pref. in- (2% and Eng.
satiety (q.v.).] Insatiableness.
* In-sat- Is -f&o'-tlon, . [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. satisfaction (q.v.).] Want of satisfaction
or of that which satisties ; dissatisfaction, dis-
content.
"The iniatigfactton of those which quarrel with all
things, ut dispute of matters." Browne : Vulgar
Krrourt, bk. 1.. ch. v.
* Xn-sat'-n-ra-ble, a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. satitrable (q.v.).] Not saturable ; inca-
pable of being filled or glutted*
Xn'-sci-enee (sci as si), s. [Fr., from Lat.
inacientia, from in- ~ not, and scientia =
knowledge ; aciens, pr. par. of scio = to know.]
Want of Knowledge or skill ; ignorance.
41 In'-scl -ent (set as si) (IX a. [Lat. Insciem,
from in- = not, and sciens = knowing.] Igno-
rant, foolish, unskilful.
* in sci ent (sci as si) (2), a. [Lat. im-
(intens.), and wiens = knowing.] Endowed
with knowledge or skill ; inU-Uigeut
' in sconce, v.t. [ENSCONCE.]
* tn-SCrib'-a-ble, a. i"En^ inserit>(e) ; -abU.}
That may or can be inscribed ; inst-riptilile.
' in scrib' a-blo-ness, r [Ens. 1 > wri bable ;
ness.l The quality or state of being inscribable
or inscriptible.
in-scribe\ v.t. [Lat, fnseH&o, from in- in
on, and scribo = to write ; 8p. tnssribir; Ital
inscribere.]
L Ordinary Language :
L To write down ; to engrave ; to mark at
set down to be read ; to imprint.
" In Ml you writ to Rome. IT sl
To foreign princes. Ego and Rex ineu*
Was still iiitcrUed." Shake*?-' B r VIIL, T. &
2. To engrave ; to mark with writing or
letters. (Dryden: Annus Miribilis, xlix.)
3. To assign, fco address, to ledlcate. to
commend or offer to a patron by a short
address.
" One ode, which pleased me In the reading, I haw
attempted to tmunlate in Pindarick vente: tia that
which is inscribed to the preBtmt Ear! of Rochester."
Drydcn : Pref. to the Second Alitcellntiy.
* 4. To imprint deeply ; to impress : <ia, To
inscribe anything on the mind.
II. Geom.: To draw or delineate In or
within, as chords or angles within a circle.
[INSCRIBED.]
" A sphere can be inscribed In any regular polyhe-
dron. A sphere can also be intcrihcd m any triangular
pyramid," DaviesA Peck: Mafhemat. Dictionary.
in-scribed', pa. par. A a. [INSCRIBE.)
A. As pa. par. : (See the verb).
B. As adjective:
1. Off. Lang. ; Engraved, written, 1m-
printed.
2. Geom. : A straight line is said to be in-
scribed in a circle when its two extremities
lie in the circumference of the circle. An
angle is inscribed in a circle when it vertex
lies In the circumference, and when its sides
form chords of the circle. A polygon is in-
scribed iu a circle when all of the vertices of
its angles lie In the circumference. In like
manner, we say that a line, angle, or polygon,
is inscribed in an ellipse or other plane curve.
A polyhedron is inscribed in a sphere or other
curved surface, when its vertices are all con-
tained in the surface. A circle is inscribed in
a triangle or other polygon, when it is tangent
to every side of the polygon. A sphere is in-
scribed in a polyhedron when it is tangent to
every face of the polyhedron. A circle can
always be inscribed in any triangle. A circle
can always be inscribed in a quadrilateral,
when the sum of two opposite sides is equal to
the sum of the other two sides.
in-scrib'-er, s. [Eng. inscrib(e); ~er.} One
who inscribes.
fn-scrip'-tl-ble, a. [Lat. inscriptm, pa. par.
of inscribo = to inscribe (q.v.); Eng. -able.]
Capable of being inscribed.
"A polygon Is said to be intcriptibfe when it can t*
Inscribed in a circle, or when the circumference of a
circle cau be passed through all it* vertices. All regu-
lar polygons are iittcrtptible. A quadrilateral is in.
tcriptible when the sum of any two opposite angles la
equal to ISO". A polyhedron is intrriptible wl>en the
surface of a sphere oan be passed through till of its
vertices." DavietA Peek: Mathematical Dictionary.
in -scrip' -tion, s. [Fr., from Lat inscrip-
tionem, accus. of inscriptio= an inscription,
from inscriptus, pa. par. of inscribo sa to in-
scribe (q.v.) ; Sp. inscription ; Ital. i/wcrt-
zione-\
L Ordinary Language :
1. The Art of inscribing.
2. That which is inscribed ; any record of
public or private occurrences, of laws, decrees,
&c., engraved or inscribed on stone, metal, or
other hard surface, and exposed for public in-
spection.
" When Qrotefend attempted to decipher them i Uie
cuneiform characters t, he had first to prove that theae
scrolls were really in*cription*."ii&x, ilttller: Hcienot
of Language (1871), 11. 4.
3. The act of inscribing or dedicating to a
patron ; dedication.
4. The words in which a book is inscribed
or dedicated to a person ; a dedication.
IL Technically:
*1. Law: (See extract).
" An obligation made In writing, whereby the M'
bo"il, bo*^; poiit, jo^rl; oat; 90!!, chorus, 9hin, bench; go, gem: chin, this; sin, as; expect, Xenophon, exist, ing.
-dan, tion = shan. -tion. -sion=shun; -tion, -sion - g*fi" t .ous, sious. -clous = shus. -ble, -Uie, &<-.. - bei, aL
inscriptive insecure
cmer binds himself to nndergo the same pun I ah merit,
li l>e shall not prove the crime which he object* to the
rty accused. In hi* accusatory libel, at the defendant
iniself ought to suffer. it the "
Ay iff e: Panryon.
,
same be proved,"
2. Numis. : The name given to words placed
ID the middle of the reverse side of some coins
and medals, the words running round the rira
or i 'laced on either side of the figure being
termed the legend (q.v.>
3. The titular line, or lines, of an illustration.
In-3crip'-tiVe, a. [Lat. inscriptvs, pa. par.
of i nscrioo = to inscribe (q.v.) ; Eng. surf. -ive.]
Bearing an inscription ; of the nature of an
inscription ; inscribed.
" Around the margin of the plat* . . .
Wiuds au intcriutie legenl."
Wordtunrrth . A'xcuriton, bit. rL
* bi scroll', v.t. [Tref. in- (1) ; Eng. scroll
(q.v.).] To inscribe upon a scroll
" Had yon been a wise M bold . . .
Yonr answer hat! not beet. intcroUed."
Shaketp. : Merchant of Venice, ii. 7.
In scrut a-bfl 1 ty, v in scrut a-bil 1-
tle f *. [Eng. inscrutable; -ity,} The quality
or state of being inscrutable.
"They arc God's own intcrutabUUU r Mountaffue:
Devoute Euaj/et. pt. It. tr. L. f 3.
fa* scruf -a-ble, a. [Fr., from Lat. intcrut-
abilia, from in- = not, and scriitor = to scruti-
nise (q.v.); 8p. inscrutable ; Ital. inscrutabile.]
1. Incapable of being seaiched into and un-
derstood by inquiry anc study.
"To discover that whlct the Scr.ptun telleti me is
Inscrutable.' Bacon . Adv. of Learn., bk. L
2. Incapable of being penetrated or under-
stood by human reason ; that cannot be satis-
factorily accc unted foi , explained, 01 answered.
" Ai If their true cansei were altogether incruta&le,
and not to be found out' WWdn*. That the Earth
m-ty be a Planet.
In scrut a ble-ness, . [Er.g. intcrutablt;
-He--*.] Inscrutability.
In scrut -a-bly, adv. [Er.-g. inscratabtfe) ;
-ly.} In an inscrutable n.ai.ner; so as not to
be discovered, penetrated, or explained.
In sculp , v.t. [Lat. intcuipo, from in- = in,
on, and eu/po = to cut, to engrave.] To cut,
to carve, to enjrrave, to inscril*.
" A colii, that bean the figure ot an angel
Stamped tu guiU ; but that r iiwuip d upon."
Shakeip. : Merchant of Venice, ii. 7.
* In sculp'- tlon, s [Lat. insculj>tus, ]*. par. of
insculi'to = to cut or engrave.} An inscription.
"A flattering, false intculption 01. a, tomb,"
Tourneur .' Revenger i Tragedy^ i.
*bi seulp'-ture, s. [Pref. ir^ (i), and Eng.
sculpture (q.v.).] An engraving, an inscrip-
ti"ii, sculpture.
"When pretioui gems anc rich intculpturet were
added." Ifrovne: Vulgar Krrourt, bk. iv., eh. IT.
In-sculp'-tnre, v.t. [INSCULPTURE, *.J To
engrave, to carve, to inscribe.
" fntculptvred round. the horroun whict betel
The house of Laius. Glover : Atlutnaid, bk. Til
* in sea', v.l. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. a.} To
su: round by the sea.
" Horse and foot inseu'd toother there."
Chapman : Burner ; Iliad xi.
*In-seal',t).'. [Pref. in-(l),andEng.s^(q.v.).j
To impress or mark with a seal ; to impress.
** Foi euery thing he said there
Seemed a* tt insetiled were
Oi approued. for very trew." Chaitcer : Dreamt.
in seam', v.L f prer - ** 0). fl nd Eiv.
seam (q.v.)O To impress or mark with a seam
or cicatrix.
" Deep o'er his knee inteamed remained the soar *
Pope ; Homer ; Odyitey xix. (45.
In sear9h', v.t. [ENSEARCH.]
* In sec -a-ble, a. [Lat. insecabttis, from in-
= not. arid secabilis = that may be cut ; seco
5= to cut ; Fr. insecable; Ital. inseaibile.} In-
caiiaMe of being cut or divided by a cutting
instrument.
fal S 3Ct, *. & o. [Fr. insect*; 8p. & Port, in-
secto ; Ital insetto ; all from Lat insectum.]
(INSECTA.]
A. Ai> substantive :
I. Ordinary Language :
1. Lit. : One of the Insecta (q.v.), or any
oth -i articulated animals akin to them. Some-
times used erroneously of t> coral polype,
(Co RAL- INSECT.]
2. Fig .* Anything small or contemptible.
" Yc tinsel intecU, whoit. court waiutaiua.*'
Pope ; K^ to Sat., 11. 220.
IL Entom. (PL) : The class Insecta (q.v.).
B. As adj. : Of or belonging to the small
articulated animals described under A.
"The inmct youth are on the wing."
Gray . Ot*e on M Spring,
Insect- fungi, s. pi
Bot. : Fungi parasitic upon insects. They
beloug chiefly to the genus Cordiceps.
In-sec '-ta, s pi. (PL of Lat lnstctnm^=va
insect, from insectus t pa. par. of inseco = to
rut into, to cut up, because the body seems
cut into three leading segments the head, the
thorax, and the abdomen.)
1. Entom. : Insects ; a class of Annulosa,
division Arthropoda. Formerly it was made
tr include, amon? other animals, the centi-
pedes and spiders. Now these are made dis-
tinct classes, and the Insecta confined to those
arthropodous animals which have three pairs
of legs ; these are affixed to the thorax, which
Is distinctly separated from the head and the
abdomen. There are compound and simple
eyes. In the highest orders there are four
wings ; in another order, Dipt era, but two ; and
ir. several more the wings are rudimentary or
totally absent There is one pair of antenna;.
The respiration is by tracheje. Of the thirteen
segments, of which a typical insect consists,
one constitutes the head, three the thorax,
and nine the abdomen. The cutaneous skele-
ton is composed of chitine. There is generally
a more or less complete metamorphosis. In-
sects exist in all countries. The species
existing may be half a million, those known
more than 200,000. Most of them are confined
to particular regions : thus the insects of India
ana Chins are mostly different from those of
Europe ; sc are those of North America, Green-
i;
CARABUS ADONIS.
L 1. The Aut*mioB, 2, 2. Tht Maxillary palpi. 3.
The Mandibles, between and behind which Is the
l*bruiu, or Upper lib. 4. The Head. 5. The Thonvx.
. Tht Scutelfuia. 7. Tht Elytra, coTeriiiu the Ab-
doinf u. B The Femur, or Thigh, ft. The Tibik, or
Shank. 10. The Tarsi, or Foot IL The Claws.
land only excepted. Some insects, however,
like the Paiuted Lady Butterfly (Cynthia
cordui), are widely diffused over the world.
Insects txert it powerful influence In ferti-
lizing plants. Tiny as they are, some of
them may become formidable foes to man.
Lmnteus founded his classin cation on the
presence or absence of wings, and, in the
Former case, 01. their number and structure.
He divided his Insecta into eight orders : Cole-
optera, Hemiptera, Lepidoiitera, Neuroptera,
Hymenoptera, Dipter^, and Ai-tera,. Among
the Aptera were included Crustaceans, as well
as Spiders and Mynai-ods. Latreille, followed
by De Geer, Introduced another order, named
Orthoptera by Olivier. Latitillt adopted it
hiid ultimately excluding the Crustaceans
from Aptera, brokt that order into four:
Mynapoda, Thysanura, Parasita, and Sucto-
ria. He adopted Kirby*s order Strepsiptera,
calling it Rhipiptera, Stephens's division was
into two sub-classes : Mamlibulata Orders,
Coleoptera, Dennaptera, Orthoptera, Neurop-
tera, and Trichoptera; ami Ha ustellata Or-
ders, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Homaloptera, Aph-
aniptera, Aptera, Hemiptera, and Homoptera.
liurmeister divided insects into two sub-
classes, Ametaliola, in which the metamor-
phosis is incomplete, and Metabola, in which
it is not so. Under the former are ranked the
orders Hemiptera, Orthoptera, and Dietyop-
tera ; and under the latter, Neuroptera, Dip-
tera, Lep id optera, Hymenoptera, and Coleop-
tera. Professor Huxley considers the orders
Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Dip-
tera, and Hemiptera well established ; the
propel grouping of Strepsiptera, Trichoptera,
Neuroptera, ana Orthoptera, a matter of doubt ;
and the Physopoda, Thysanura, and Mallo-
phaga, not fitting well into any of the other
assemblages. The Myriapoda and Arachnida
lie makes distinct classes from Insecta. The
classification now commonly adopted divides
insects thus :
Hub-clMS i,, Ametabola: (1) Anoplora, (2) Hallo-
. . Aphaniptera, (2) Diptem. Ct| LepidopUra,
(4) Hymenoptera. (5) Btrapwiptera, (6) Coleoptra>
2. Patceont. : The oldest known insects are
from the Devonian rocks of North America.
They seem to have belonged to the Neuroj 'tt-ra.
This order, with the Coleoptera and Orthop-
tera, exists in the Carboniferous. Hymenop-
tera and Lepidoptera in the Secondary forma-
tion, and nearly all the known orders in the
Tertiary.
* In-se'c-ta'-tion, /. [Lat. insectatio, from
insectatus, pa, par. f insector = to follow, to
pursue.] The act of following or pursuing;
pursuit, persecution,
" I cau no further go, but pat all In the handes of
him fur . . . stirred by mine owne conscience (with-
out intfctation, or teproche Inieng tt) any other man)."
Sir T. More ; Workes, p. 1,431.
* in-sec ta' tor, *. [Lat., from insectatui,
pa. par. of insertor.] A persecutor.
Mn-sect'-ed, a. [Eng. insect; -td.} Seg-
mented, so as to have the character of aa in-
sect. (Howtll: Letters, bk. ii. let. vi.)
In-aect-i-cide, s. [Lat. insedum = an insectt
and ccedo (in comp. cido) = to kill.]
* 1. One who or that which kills insects.
* 2. The act of killing insects.
3. A substance or preparation used to kill
Insects.
* In 6ct Ue, a. & s. [Eng. insect ; ~ile, as if
from a Mod. Lat. word insectilis.)
A. As adj. : Having the nature of insects.
" Iniecfilf anlmala.' Bacon. (Todd.)
B. As stbst. : An insect.
" In tire inteettiei ot wiy kreatnen. " ReHquia Wot-
Ionian*, p. *65.
* In-6c tlon, s. fLat. in- = In, and sectio
a cutting; seco = to cut] A cutting iu; in*
cisiou, iucisure.
in-ec-tiv'-6r-a, s. pi. [Lat insectun = an
insect ; voro =. to eat, to devour, and ueut pi.
adj. suff. -a.]
1. Zoology:
(1) An order of Mammalia established by
Cuvier. who made it a family o( hi? Carna*'
siers (Carnivora). It is of highei organization
than the Carnivora proper. Huxley arranges
it under his Mammal? which have a JLscoklal
deciduate placenta, placing it between the
Primates and the Cheiroptera. There are
usually more than four incisors in each jaw,
and the molars have sharp and pointed cusptt ;
the hallux possesses* claw, and has nc marked
freedom of adduction and abduction. Except-
ing in one genus, there are well -developed
clavicles. The chief families art : (1) Talptddj,
(2) Potamogalida;. (3) Soricida, (4; Erinaeeid*.
(5) Centetidtt, (6) luetuMbttcto. and (7) Juleo-
pitLbCidfe (q.v.).
(2) A se-ctioii of Cheiroptera (Bats), contain-
ing the families Vespertilionidfe, Rhmolo-
pliiikt, NoctihoukUt, and 1'li^lluatoiaid*.
2. Palaeontology :
(1) Sex-eral families of the ordei Insectivora
are found in the Miocene.
(2) Representatives of the cheiropterous sec-
tion Insectivora, are found front the Eocene
onward.
in-secf-I-vore, s. UNSECTIVORA.I
Zool. : A member of the Insectivartt (q.v.Ji
"The Adapts of the farts basiti tint recently been
proved tc be reUted to the hoofed luadruiwdtt ind m-
teclivorct.' Daukint : Early Man in Brttain. jh. IL
Xn-S^O-tiV'-or-ons, a. [Lat. insecta- in-
sects ; two = to devour, and Eng. sutt. -ous.}
Zool.: Devouring insects; of 01 belonging
to the Insectivora 1 or 2 (q.v.> (Vanoin.)
*In-Sect-ir-*-ger,s. [Eng. insectology); -er.\
One who studies insects ; an entomologist.
"The insect itself U, according to moaen, tntectolo-
fferi, ot the icbueauiou-fly kind. Derham.
*in-s6ct-$l'-6-g& s. [Lat. insecta, and Or.
Aoyo? (logos) a discourse.] The study of
insects ; entomology.
In-se-ciire', a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng. securt
(q.v.).J
1. Not secure, not safe; not confident t*
safety ; apprehensive of dangei.
" Is man more Just than God 7 la man more pore
Than He who deems even seraph* insecure t
Byron : A spirit patted Irttfvrt m*.
ftte, fat, fare, amidst, what, fall, father; we, wot, here, camel, her, there; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine; go, p4t
or. wore, w9lf, work, who, son; mute, cub, cure, unite, cur, rule, lull; try, Syrian, w, oa= e; ey - a. qu - kw.
insecurely inset
2. Not safe ; not securely guarded or pro-
tected ; unsafe ; exposed to danger or loss.
"Amuhiou's fortress insecure apj>an."
Lewit tUttriui, bk. TtL
In BO -cure '-ly, adv. [Eug. insecure; -ly.] In
an insecure or unsafe manner; without se-
curity, safety, or certainty.
ta-se-our'-I-t*, *. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
security (q.v.).J
1. The quality or state of being insecure ;
want of confidence or safety.
"Them i also a time of insecurity, when Interest*
of all sorts become o'jjects of speculation." Burke:
Ai>veal fr-'tn A>w to Old Whigs.
S. Exposure to destruction, damage, or loss ;
dange^ hazard.
"The hwttrifictiaid inconveniences of a strange and
new \1xxli. ' -Taylor : Great Exemplar, pi. L, ad., 6.
* 3. Uncertainty.
* In se-cu'-tion, *. [Fr., from Lat. inse&ttio,
from insemtits, pa. par. of insequor: in- = in,
on, and ?*= to follow.] The act of fol-
lowing or pursuing ; pursuit.
'Not the kind's own hone got more before the wheel
Of his rich chariot, that inlftbt still the tiuecution
(eel
With the utntDf hairs of hisUil. '
Chapman : Homer ; Iliad xiiii.
In' -se-er, . FPref- * OX "*d Eng. seer
(q.v).] A looker into; an inspector ; an ex-
aminer.
" Ff these. thin?" bvi i good and a sleight
hich y can so-ike honny of the
dry roc "
.
which y can so-ike honn ,
rock, Ac." Chaucer Tettammt if Love,
hard atone, oile if y
* in-sele', v.t. UNSEAL.!
* In-Bem'-X-nate, v.t. [Lat. inseminatu$, pa.
par. of insemino : in- = in, and semino = to
sow ; semen (genit. seminis) = seed.] To *>w ;
to impregnate.
* In sein I-na'-tion, s. [Lat. inseminatus,
pa. par. of insemino.] The aet or process of
scattering seed ; a sowing.
* In sen sate, i. (Lat. insensatus, from in-
not, and '^ensntns = gifted with sense ; census
= sense ; Fr. intense,] Destitute of sense ;
wanting or without sense or sensibility.
" Hers the silence anJ the oalui
Of mute. Intentate things."
W ordmcfirth : Poemt of the Imagination.
* In sen sate ness, s. [Eng. insensate;
-ness.] Thequality or state of being insensate ;
want of sense or sensibility.
* In sense', * In 90^96', v.t. [Pref. in- (1),
and Eng. sense (q.v.).]- To instruct ; to teach.
"The Holy Ooste shal tncence you what to aske. '
Udal: Johnxvi.
* In-sense-less, a. [Pref. in- (intens.), and
Eng. senseJess (q.v.).J Without feeling; in-
sensible. (Batter: Hitdibras, pt. ii., c, ii.)
(n-sens-I-bfl'-I-ty, s. [Fr. insmsibilitt, from
insensible = insensible (q.v.) ; Sp. tnsensibili-
dad; Ital. insensibUitd.]
1. The quality or state of being insensible or
without feeling ; want or loss of the power of
feeling or perceiving.
2. Want of the power to be moved ; want or
Absence of susceptibility ; want of feeling ; in-
difference.
" That abject peace of mind which springs from im-
pudence aud intentibtiity."3tacaulay: Hist. Eng..
eh. xv.
3. The quality or state of being impercepti-
ble ; imperceptibility.
11 Inxentibilitu of slow motions may be thus ac-
eounted." GtanfUlt Sceptit Scicntiftca.
jn sens I-ble, a. [Fr., from Lat. insensibilis,
. from in- =. not, and sensibilis = that can be
perceived, sensible ; sentio = to perceive ; Sp.
msensible; Ital. insensibile.]
1. Without feeling ; wanting or destitute of
the power of feeling or perceiving; destitute
of corporeal sensibility.
" Imentible ,ia tteel."
Cowper: Olney ffymns. ix.
2. Imperceptible; that cannot be perreiveri
or felt ; progressing or moving by slow de-
grees ; so slow or gradual that the motion or
atages can not be felt or perceived.
3. Not taking regard or notice ; Indifferent ;
heedless ; careless.
"Tt> mane him intenribleot the danger jf the xmrse. '
-itafaitlny Ilitt. Kruj., ch. xiii.
i. Without feeling; incapable of feeling;
not susceptible nf feeling, emotion, 01 passion ;
indifferent ; unfeeling ; hard ; callous.
" A man *nom * cmven fear nad made \ntennDte to
sname." Jfocau/ay ' Biit. Kng ch. T.
* 5. Void of meaning or sense ; senseless,
meaningless, nonsensical.
" It inakM the indictment inttntiKe or uncertain. '
II, tie: Uitt. Pleat Crown, ii., oh. xxlv.
* In-sens -I-ble-ness, s. [Eng. insensible;
-ness.] The quality or state of being insensi-
ble ; insensibility.
" The intentibi" *u of the mlu proceeds rather from
the relaxation of a* nerves than their obstruction,*'
* In-sen'-si-M.lSt,*. [EnR. insensible); -i$t.]
An apathetic, unfeeling, or callous person ; one
destitute of feeling or emotion.
in sens i-bly. adv. [Eug. insensible): -ly.]
1. Without mental or corporeal sense.
2. By slow and gradual degrees ; Imper-
ceptibly, gradually.
" This pair iusentibty subdued the fears
And troubles thatowet their life."
Wordtvorth : Sxcurtion, rt
* in sens'-I-tive, . [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
sensitive (q.v.).] Not sensitive; not readily
susceptible of impressions; void of sensi-
bility ; callous, indifferent.
*In-sens'-u ous, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eug.
sensuous (q.v.).] Not sensuous; not address-
ing itself to or affecting the senses.
* In-scn tipnt (tl as shl), a. [Pref. in- (2),
and Eng. sentient (q.v.).] Not sentient ; not
having perception, or the power of perception.
" As the rose Is insentient there can be no sensation,"
Reid Intdl. I'ovjcm. essay ii., ch. xvL
fn -sep ar-a bll'-My, s. [Eng. inseparable ;
-ity.] The quality or state of being insepar-
able.
"The parts of pure apace are Immovable, which
follows from their inseparability." Locke: Human
Under ttanding, bk. vi., ch. liii.
In sep' ar a ble, * in-sep-er-a-ble, a. &
s. [Fr.," fro'm Lat. inseparabilis, from in- =
not, and separubilis = separable (q.v.); Sp.
inseparable; Ital. inseparable.]
A. As adj. : Not separable ; incapable of
being separated, divided, or disjointed; not
to be parted.
"The faults inseparable from iwverty, Ignorance,
ud wpentitioa." Macaulay : ffi.it. Kng., oh. xiv.
B. As iiibst. (PI.): Things which cannot be
sej-arated from each other; espec., persons
who are constantly together.
in sop'-ar -a-ble-nss. * In-scp er a
"
The quality or state o
separability.
.
ng Inseparable ; in-
ble ne&s, "s. [Eug. inseparable; -ness.]
f bein
' rheinie/j<ir,MeneMot the prerogative from the per-
son of the kiutf." Burner ; Hitt. Own Time (an. 1681).
in sep -ar-a-bljr, adv. [Eng. inseparable) ;
ly.] In an inseparable manner ; so as not to
be separable or capable of separation or dis-
junction.
"The forcible expulsion of the Tarquius hintepar-
tibl/j connected with the Institution of the consular
government." Lewis: C'red. Karly Roman Hist. (1666),
F. 638.
* In sep ar ate, * in-sep er-ate, a.
[Pref. in- ('t) t and Eng. separate (q.v.).] Not
ieparated or disjoined ; united.
" Within my soule. there doth conduce a tight
Of thin strange nature, tliat n thing in*eperat t
Divides more wider tlis.n the sky anil earth."
Shaketp. : Troilut A Creuida. V. Z.
*In-sep ar ate ly, *in-scp er-ate ly t
adv. [Eng. inseparate; -ly.] Not separately ;
so as not to be separated or disjoined.
"If so be that yee live in*eperately."Bomttin:
State of Matrimony, it 11.
* In se quent, a. [Lat. insequemf:, pr. par.
of insequor = to follow after.) Subsequent.
(Racket : Life of Williams, I 25.)
*In-se-rene'. r.t. [Pref. in- (2), and Eug.
serene.] To disturb.
"Whose gaatly presence Intrrenet my face."
Oaviei : Boty Hoods, p. 18.
In-sert', v.t. [Lat. insertus, pa. par. of insero
=. to insert, to introduce in : in- = in, into
and sero = to join or bind; Fr. inserer; Sp.
inserir, interior; Ital. inserire.] To set or
place in or amongst others ; to introduce ; to
intercalate.
"The Lords very wisely abstained from tntrrting
In their records an account of a debate in which they
had been M> signally discomfited." J/acautays Bitt.
Kng., ch. xlv.
In-sert -ed, pa. par. & a.
A. As pa. par. : (See the verb).
B. As adjective:
1. Ord. Istntj. : Placed or set in or imongst
others ; intercalated.
2. Bot. (Of the stamens, c.) : Growing from,
or upon a part, as the calyx, the receptacle,
ic. (Followed by i?i, into, on t or upon.)
In *ert-ihg, pr. par., a., <b s. [INSEET.]
A. & B. A pr. par. A particip. adj. : (See
the verb).
C* As substantive :
1. Ord. Lang. : The act of setting or placing
In or amongst others ; insertion.
2. Dressmak. : Material inserted or set in, as
lace ; insertion.
In-ser'-lion, s. [Lat. insertio, from touertus
pa. par. of insero = to insert (q. v.) ; Fr. inser-
tion ; S] . insercion; Ital. inserzione. ]
L Or- Unary Language:
1. T -6 act of inserting, setting, or placing
in or .-.mongst others ; intercalation.
"The great disadvantage our historian* labour mdej
is too tedious an Interruption, by the interti-m >l t*
corda in their narration." Felton : On (he Clnttlckt.
2. That which is inserted ; a pi<^ce or
passage inserted or intercalated ; an interpo-
lation.
" He chances one word, Ood, and not two, upon God.
to be the insertion," Brnntl*)/ ; Of Free-thinking. { H.
IL Technically:
1. Anat. (Of a muscle) : The more movable
or remote attachment of a muscle at one of
thy ends, as distinguished from the mare
fixed one at the other. Quain consider* It
difficult in some cases to distinguish between
the two.
2. hut.: The manner in which one part is
inserted into or adheres to another.
^y For the insertions of stamen* see Epigy-
nous, Hypogynous, and Psrigynous.
3. Dressmak. : A band or border of lace,
frilling, &c., inserted in a lady's dress
* In serve , v.t. [Lat. inservio, from fa- =
in, into, and servio = to serve.] To conduce ;
to be of use or service towards an end.
* In-ser'-vl-^nt, a. [Lat. inserviens, pr. par.
of inservio.] Conducive; serving or feuding
towards an end.
"A part intervient to voice and respiration.'
Browne; rulgar Emntrt, bk. iv.. cb. vllL
* m-sess ion (ss as sh), s. [Lat. insessus,
pa. pnr. of insidw.] [INSE.SSORES.]
1. The act or state of sitting In or upon.
"Used by way of fomentation, intettton, or bath.'
P. Holland.
2. That upon or in which one sits.
in-ses-sor'-ef, 5. pi. [Masc. and fern. pi.
of Lat. insessor = a waylayer, but here = a
percher, from Lat. insesws, pa. par. of insideo
= to sit in or upon : in- = in, on, and sedeo =
to sit.]
1. Ornith. : Perchers. The name first given
by Mr. Vigors, and adopted by Swaiuson and
many others for a great assemblage of birds,
mostly small In size, with feet adapted for
lurching and walking; the toes generally four,
the hinder one on the same level with the
others, generally three, more rarely two,
pointing forward ; in the latter case, the feet
being scansorial. The length of the tarsus, or
shank, is always moderate, the claws never
retractile. Some have the bill without notch,
in others it is notched. Many sing beauti-
fully, build elegant nests, &c. As to food,
they are omnivorous. The order wa divided
Into live tribes Dentirostres, Conirostres,
Scansores, Tenuirostres, and Fissirostres. The
Scansores are now well-established as a sepa-
rate order. The Insessores are called also
Passerea and Passeriformes.
i. Pilceont. ' The order is found from the
Eocenj imward.
In-ees-sor'-t-al, a. [Lat (nsewor, genit
tnsessor'-(s), and Eng. suff. -oZ.J
Ornith. ; Of or belonging to the order In-
sessor-jd (q.v.X
" rhe prominent type or representative of the i
tatorial >rder. ' Swainton : Bird*, t. S4S.
* insessorlal-type, s.
Ornith. : In the Quinary system of Vigors,
Bwainson, &c., the second, or sab-typical
order of Birds, with which analogies were
sought in each ^f the other orders.
* In-set', r.t. | Pref. in- (1 1 and Kng. tet (q.T.). J
To set in, to fix in, to hilix.
' fhe *oruw that is tntet ^reaeth the thoupnt. '
Jhaueer : Boethiut, bk. i).
coll, D^; poiit, J6^1; cat 9011, chorus, 911111, oencn; go, gem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, Xenophon, exist, ph
-oian, tian = shan. -tion, -slon shun ; -$ion, sion - zaun. -cious, -clous, -sious - shu. -ble, -die, &c. ^ bel, d
2690
inset insinuate
Inset, s. [INSET,*.]
1. Ord. Lung. : That which is set or fixed
In ; au Insertion.
2. Bookbind. : Same as offcut. A certain
portion of the printed sheet in 12mo, 24mo,
c., which is cut off before folding and set
into the middle of the folded sheet, to com-
plete the succession of paging.
In gVer a We, a. [Pref. in- (?X and
Eng. seiwrndfe (q.v.).l Not seveiable; that
cannot be severed, disjoined, or disunited.
(De Quiacey: Autob. Sketche, I 88.)
in Bhod -cd, a. [Pref. in- (miens.), and
shaded (q.v.).] Shaded ; marked with
of colo
dlArett shades of colour.
" Whose llly.white, Mad* with the row
Uiul that man aeenv who sang the Jitocidos,
Illdo hud In oblivion slei.t. uid -he
Had given his Muiw her bert eten.itle."
Brown* : ftritannia'l yastum.'i. bk. 1., s. i.
to shave, s. [Pref. in- (1). nd Eng. stnw
(q.v.).]
Cooper. : A jointer having a convex-edged
bft, on which the inner faces of staves are
dressed.
In sheathe'. .t [Pref. (it- (IX n<l Eng-
sheathe (q.v.).] To hide, cover, or place In a
shrath ; to sheathe.
"On high he hung the martini .word insftntfM.*
ffut/ket : Triumph of Ptaet.
In shell', v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. dull
(q.v.). ] To hide in, or as in a shell.
" Thrust* forth his horns Again Into the world.
Which wen fnsfettrtoheu M arolus stood tor Rome/
Shaketp. : .Coritilanut, 1 v. &
In-sheT-ter. ./. [Pref. in- (IX and Eng.
thelter (q.v.).] To place in shelter; to shelter.
In-shlp', r.. [Pref. in- (IX and Eng. ship
(q.v.).] To place on board or In a ship; to
embark.
" Safely brought to Dover : where InMfpti
Commit UK-IO to the fortnue of the sea,"
KA.v.1.
In' -shore, o. or adv. [Pref. in- (ix and Eng.
sltore (q.v.).] On or near the shore.
'In shrine , r.(. [ESSHBIXE.]
In-slc^ja'-tlon, >. [Lat in- = In, and tie-
catio = a drying ; siccatus = dried, pa. par. of
ticca = to dry ; siccus = dry.] The act of dry-
ing in.
(n side, in syde, a., adv., ., ft prep.
[Pref. in- (1), and Eng. side (q.v.).]
A* A* adj. : Being within ; interior. Internal.
B. Ai adv. : Within ; in the interior.
C* A s substantive:
1. The Interior or Internal part of anything.
"The pavne would be much lesse, If the knvfe myglit
faegione on the intyde and cutte fro the uilddes out.
ard."-.Sir T. Han II rt, p. l.asc.
2. The entrails, the bowels.
8. An inside passenger in a vehicle.
"The Derhy dllly carrying six intidee."
J. B. frert : Lovee of the Triangle*
* 4. One's private or secret thought's ; one's
mind.
"At the great day of trial lie will thr.ronirlily anato-
mise us, and lay our very intitte perfectly open and
naked. "-fliiiojj Bull : Sermaia, vofli.. ssr. 15.
D. As prep. : In the in tenor of; within : as,
inside a circle.
H The inside may be said of bodies of any
magnitude, small or large ; the inferior is
peculiarly appropriate to bodies of great mag-
nitude.
Inside-calipers, . A pair of calipers
for measuring bores and inside diameters of
tubes. [CALIPERS.]
Inside framing, s.
Steam-engine :
1. The frame of one form of English loco-
motives, in which the wheels and driving-gear
are inside of the main frame.
2. The stays of a locomotive-engine that rest
on the axles. English practice often has the
framing outside of the cylinders, the connect-
ing-rods of the engines passing to cranks on
the axles.
Inside-gear, s.
Steam-eng. : The English arrangement In
locomotives of the connecting-rods and cranks
inside the frame, in contradistinction to the
American practice of connecting the cross-
heads of the engines by connecting-rods to
wrists on the outside of the driving-wheels.
inside-screw, s. A hollow screw; one
having its thread on the inside.
Inside screw-tool :
Wood-turninij : A hooked-shaped tool for
threading interior surfaces while revolving in
a lathe ; a form of chaser.
inside-tin, *.
Book-bind. : A plate laid Inside the cover of
a book when placed in the standing-press.
Inside-tool, .
Wood-turning: A tool for hollowing out
work and bottoming holes.
* In-Bid' -I ate, v.t. [Lat. intidiatm, pa. per.
of imidior. In nn intidia = au auibuan.) To
lie In ambush for.
' in-sid-I-a'-tion, a [Isamum] Guile.
(Adams: (forte, i. Ul.)
in-sld'-l a tor, in sid i-a tour. .
[Lat. inaidiatur, from intidiatus, pa. par. of
injidior.) One who lies in ambush ; a Inrker ;
a waylayer.
" Many dlsoaMartl nutlouiilents. many botk open
enemies and close inrittintottrt." Bum*: Vermont.
roLL.ser 16.
In sid 1 ous, * in-sld-i-onse, a. [Fr.
iusuiieitx. from Lat. iuKidiusuj, from insidice
au ambush ; ItaL 4i bp. iKsidioso,]
I. Lying in wait, treacherous, sly, intending
or designing to betray ; deceitful, deceptive.
" Tbe theft an old tnttdiaui peasant viewed."
Addtrm : (Mil JMamorpAosssll.
i Intended to deceive or entrap, crafty,
treacherous.
"There be now* memelous subtyle eraftlneaseBexer-
oised by courtes, Imitliouie wyuueasea." Joiftt J-
portciott <// Ji'tnirf. xi.
U The insidious man has recourse to various
little artifices, by which he wishes to effect
his purpose, and gain an advantage over his
opponent ; the treacherous man pursues a sys-
tem of direct falsehood, in order to ruin liis
friend : the insulims man objects to a fair and
open contest ; but the treacheromt man assails
lii the dark him whom be should support.
(Crnbb: Eng. Synon.)
in-stt'-I-o&s-l?, adv. [Eng.inrid.oM; -fy.]
In an insidious manner, treacherously, craftily,
slyly.
" Ko soft and costly sofa there
/nsMftowIy strvtched out Its lazy length."
irorHsssorM Acmioii.bk.rlL
In sid I ous ness, >. [Eng. insidious; -ness.]
The quality or state of being insidkras ; deceit-
fulness, treachery.
" Nona ut 1U lurking inWIotumsa of Its sorprislng
violence, of lu rancorous veuoui." Barrow: ^enayms.
voL i., ser. &.
In'-slght (gh silent), * in-siht, a. [Pref. <n-
(1), and Eng. sight (q.v.) ; Dut. inzicht; Ger.
rinsichi.]
1. A sight, view, or Inspection of the in-
terior of anything ; deep inspection or view ;
introspection.
" I have acquired no small fcuipA/ Into the manners
and conversation of uien." Uuardtan, No. as.
2. Power of observation, discernment, pene-
tration.
" For Merlin had In nuuicke more inriahl,
Than euer him before or after living Wight*
.i^ritser: f. .. III. Ill S.
In-sight-ed (p* silent), o. [Eng. imijht;
nl. l Possessed of in. light. {P. Holland:
Camden, p. 687.)
In-slg'-nf-a, . pi. [Lat pi. of Intlgne, neut.
of insitjnis = distinguished by a mark.]
1. Badges or distinguishing marks of office
or honour.
2. Harks or signs by which anything Is or
may be known or distinguished.
in-slg-nif' -I-eance, * In-sIg-nlr-I-ean-
cy, s. [Pref. IB- (2), and Eng. significance,
3,gnifanKy (q.v.X]
1. The quality or state of being Insignifi-
cant ; want of significance or meaning.
"With easy sntf^nitfcance of thought"
OartA .- Cifpensary. i 187.
2. Want of Importance or weight; unim-
portance.
" The elan had been made Insignificant by the in-
tiynific'tnce of the chief." Macatday : Bat. o/ ng ,
ch. xiil.
3. Want of force or effect ; unimportance.
4. Want of weight or claim to considera-
tion ; meanness.
I In-slg-nif ' i cant,
Eng. "
o. [Pref. in- (2), and
1. Not sigiiillcaut ; void of signification ;
wanting In ineaning or signincation.
" LAWS must be tnriynificanl without the sanction
of rewards aud nuiiltilmiviiU. " flo. Uilkini: of .v.t-
turai Rellqtvn. bk- L, ch. jj.
2. Having no weight or Importance ; unim-
portant, trivial, mean, not deserving or calling
for notice.
" Witness Its (mlftnlkant result"
Cotfper : CvnMTtaHon, 17.
3. Without weight of character ; mean, con-
temjitible, beneath notice.
" What sclinol-lMiy, what little Inrigrtlfi"' tnouk
could not li.ive inude a more elegant speech for ttis
king I" XUtim : Defatctaftlu PeopU ,J f/-i>ij.
In sig-nif -I-cant-ly. wlv. [Eng. iiungnifi.
cant; -ly.\
1. Without meaning or signification.
" They ... use them i/w^ylcaitr/v, as the organ 01
pipe renders the time which it nudentAAds not"
Ilale : Ortg. o/ MtltMna, p. 06.
2. Without Importance or effect ; unimport-
antly; trivially.
" With all tie preltlncss of feigned alarm,
ind auger imiytii^cantlu tterce."
Cotfi*r: Task, vt OK.
* In-slg niT-I-oat Ive, o. [Pref. in- (2),
and Eng. signifcative (q.v.X] Not significa-
tive, or expressing by external signs.
* In sign' mcnt (g silent), s. [Lat insigne.)
(littKiMiA.J An exhibition of; a direction to ;
some mark or sign by which one thing may
be known from another.
" Neytber his father, nor any other man, ooulde .lls-
cerue vt vs tlie one frome the other, but by our owut
t*iiff**ment or shewyuge."^Sir T. Etgot : Tin Uo-
* In slm'-n late, v.t. [I.-it. {nsimulatvt. pa.
lr. of lunmulo.} To accuse, tr> charge.
- FaWy to intintutat, and accuse Uie church* * -Srr
T. More: Work*, p. MO.
In sin-cere', a. [Lat. insincerus, from in- .
not, and sinoenu ** sincere (q.v.) ; Fr. iiutn
1. Not sincere ; not being what one appears
or pretends to be ; blse, dissembling, hypo-
critical.
H 31 ay I myself at hist appear
Unworthy, hasa, and Insincere."
(.*> : frleiUMp.
2. Deceitful, false, hypocritical, not to be
trusted.
"All her censures of the work of gmoo
Are inftmcere,' Counter I Com-ertation. 7U.
* 3. Not free from flaw ; Imperfect ; decep
tive.
" To render sleep's soft hlrsringi i*ti*txre~
fop*. (Todd.)
Jn-sln-9ere'-iy, adv. [Eng. tmincere; -ly.}
In an insincere manner ; without sincerity ;
hypocritically.
" Or rather, as Mr Travers has inuncerely misrepre-
sented. his asBertious." iXniM : Life of H'ltitt/ift. L
(an. ISSfi).
ty, . [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
sinaerirj(q.v.); Fr. InnnrtriU.) The quality
or state of being insincere; want of sincerity
or of being really wliat one appears or pre-
tends to be ; dissimulation, hypocrisy, false-
ness.
" What men call pulley and knowledge of the world,
iruiitcerity.' Blair, vol. V.. ser. 17.
* in sin'-ew (ew as u), vt. [Pref. in- (IX
aud Eng. sinew (q.v.).J To strengthen; to
give strength or vigour to.
"All members of our cause, both here, and hence,
That are iruinfwed to this action."
Otaketp. . 2 Hear, f.. Ir. I.
In-sln'-u-ant, o. [Fr., pr. par. of insinuer
= to insinuate (q.v.XJ Having the power of
insinuation or of gaining favour.
"Very plausible, frufnuant. and fortunate men.*
Wotton : Jtemttint, p. 78.
in-sm'-u ate, v.t. & 1. [Lat. insinuates, pa.
par. of insiuuo, from in- = in, and sinuo = U
wind about ; sinus = a bend ; Fr. iiminver ;
Sp. insmuar ; Ital. iiainuure.]
A. Traiuitivt:
1. To introduce anything gently or by slew
degrees, as by a winding or narrow passage ;
to wind or force in slowly and imperceptibly.
14 fiuinnatinff It sette by )MuwA*:ea, aud boles. Into the
very bowels oftbe earth.'- ucut . I i/jmw. i. US.
2. To wind or push oneself into favour ; to
ingratiate oneself ; to introduce oneseb* by
gradual and artful means into favour.
He Insbtualitd liimseli into the very good grace of
the duke of Buckingham." Clartndm : Civil War.
fiste, fat, fare, amidst, what, fall, father; we, wet, here, camel, her, there; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine; go, pit,
or, wore, wolf, work, whd, s6n ; mate, cub, cure, unite, cur, rule, fall ; try, Syrian, x, oe = e ; ey - a. qu = kw.
insinuating insolation
* 3. To infuse gently; to introduce imper-
ceptibly and artfully ; to Instil,
"Horace . . . i*mmtn(et virtue, rather by familiar
luuii plea tliaji by tbe severity ol precepts." llryden .'
4. To hint ; to give an intimation or hint of;
to suggest.
"To insinuate that Russell's conduct had not been
faultless." Mucaulay: Hint, ttg.,cb. ztx.
B. Intransitive:
* 1. To move on in folds or with a tortuous,
winding movement ; to wind.
" Close tl_' BIT] >-.'ii t sly
S \tinuatinrf, wove with Gunliim twiue
is l>ruidI train." Milton: 1>. L.. IT. 3*8.
* 2. To creep, wind, or move gently and im-
perceptibly ;t make its way by indirect means.
" But the Romanes espied where there was a breach
made and lane left between, nnd there they would in-
tinniite and wind in with tlu-ir makes and files."
I*. Holland : Liviut, p. l. I'.'T.
*a. To enter gently, slowly, or impercept-
ibly, as water into crevices.
* 4. To Insinuate one's self into favour ; to
* ingratiate one's self.
"Some ... do wind and insinuate Into the grace
and favour ol the hearer." /*. Holland ; Plutarch,
*).
* 5. To wheedle, to coax, to flatter.
" I hardly yet have learned
To insinuate, flatter, )H>W, and bend my knee."
Shaketp. : nidwrd 11 , IT. 1.
6. To hint ; to suggest indirectly.
if A person who insinuate adopts every art
to steal into tlie goodwill of another; but he
I who ingratiates adepts nnartifleiai means to
conciliate goodwill. A person of in.ti.inuit.iixj
manners wins upon another imperceptibly,
even so as to convert dislike into attachment ;
a i>erson with ingratiating manners procures
goodwill by a permanent intercourse. 7n-
timtute and ingratiate differ in tbe motive, as
well as the mode, of the action ; the motive
is, in both cases, self-interest ; but the former
is unlawful, and the latter allowable. In-
sinuate may be used in the improper sense for
unconscious agents; ingratiate is always the
act of a conscious agent. Water will insinuate
itself into every body that is in the smallest
degree porous ; there are few persons of so
much apathy, that it may not be possible, one
way or another, to ingratiate one's self into
their favour. (Crabb : Eng. Synon.)
in-sin -u-at ing, pr.par.& a. [INSINUATE.]
Tending or calculated to win a flection or
favour gradually and imperceptibly.
" Some of the Whig leaders had been unable to resist
bis insinuuttity address." Macaulay : tlitt. Eng., eh.
xxii.
in sln'-u-at~ing-iy, adv. [Eng. insinuat-
ing; -hj-} In an insinuating manner; by in-
sinuation.
Sn-sln-ii-a'-tion, s. [Pr., from Lat. invtnu-
ationeni, accus. of insinuation an entrance by
a narrow or crooked way, from insinuatus,
pa. par. otittsinuo; tip. insinuation; ItaL in-
tinutizione.]
L The act or state of winding, flowing, or
I making way in gradually and imperceptibly.
2. The act of gaining or insinuating one's self
Into favour by gentle or artful means.
"In their imtnuattoni into favour." Wotton: Re-
mains, p. 186.
3. The art or power of pleasing or of gaining
favour or affection ; winning manners or ad-
dress.
" He bad * natural tnrinuation and addreu, which
made him acceptable in tbe best company." Claren-
don.
4. The act of insinuating, hinting, or sug-
gesting.
5. A hint, a suggestion ; an indirect intima-
tion.
" Give not therefore a ready ear to tbe offidons in-
tiit'taliont of those who, under the gnise of friendly
concern, come to admonish you." Blair ; Kertnvnt,
vul. IT., ser. 17.
U The in&inuat'um always deals In half
words ; the reflection is commonly open. They
re both levelled at the individual with no
good intent. The insinuation respects the
honour, the moral character, or the intellec-
tual endowments of the person ; tho reflection
respects his particular conduct or feelings to-
wards another. (Crabb. : Eng. Synon.)
* fai-sln'-u-a-tive, a. [Fr. insinuatif; Ital. &
Sp. insinvativo.]
1. Stealing on or Into the affections ; In-
sinuating, winning.
"It t* a strange irutnuative power which example
and custom have upon tis." tiovernment (if the Tongua,
2. Making insiauatlons ; hinting, suggesting.
* Jn-Sin'-U-a-tor, . [Lat., from insinuatus,
pa. par. oY insinuo.] One who insinuates.
* In-eln'-llTa-tdr-Sr, a. [Eng. insinuate);
-ory.\ Insinuating.
In-slp'-ld, a. (Fr. insipide, from Lat. insi-
pulus, from in- = not, and sajnd-us = savoury ;
aapio = to taste ; Ital. & Sp. insipido.]
1. Tasteless ; wanting in taste ; destitute of
taste or savour ; vapid.
" More pregnant patterns of transcendent worth
Than Darren aod iitxii/id fruit brings forth.
Carew: Tu Sir '. liwnnnt.
2. Wanting in spirit, life, or animation;
dull ; heavy ; wanting in the qualities which
excite emotion ; flat.
"His art Is faint ; his salt, if may dare to nay so,
almost iniiifid." J>ryden : Juvenal. (DedlcJ
* 3. Dull, listless, dispirited.
"Without it all is gothic as the scene.
To whfeh th' insipid citizen resorts
Near yonder heath.* Cowper : TatK. Ill Ml
f An insipid writer is without sentiment of
any kind or degree ; a dull writer fails in
vivacity and vigour of sentiment ; a flat per-
formance is wanting in the property of pro-
voking minli, which should be its peculiar
ingredient.
fai-si-pta-l-tjr, s. [Fr. insipiditi, from t-
sipide = insipid (q.v.).]
1. Tbe quality or state of being insipid or
tasteless ; tastelessness ; want or absence of
taste.
2. Want of life, spirit, or animation : dul-
ness, flatness.
"Tbe hanhness of remonstrance or the tniipidtty of
truth," Oambter, No. 168.
in-s!p'-id-l& adv. [Eng. insipid ; >ly.}
1. In an insipid manner; without taste.
2. Dully ; flatly.
"How pitifully, flatly, and iiuijndly will they [our
pretty notiuuB, and fine-spun controversies] taste."
Sharp: Sermons, vol. i., ser. L
* in-sip i 1190, s. [O. Fr., from Lat. insip-
ientia, froui in- = uot, and sapientia = wisdom ;
sapiens wise ; Sp. insipiencia; ItaL insip-
it-nzu.] Want of understanding or intellect ;
folly, foolishness.
"Tbe ring her tooke of his insiji^nce."
arotme : Shtybaardi /*ipe. Ed. L
* in-sip'-I-ent, a. <k s. [Lat. insipiens, from
in- = uot, aud *apin$ = wise.J
A. As adj. : Wanting in understanding or
intellect; foolish.
B. As snbst. : A foolish, silly person ; a fool.
" It will go nye to prove hym an insipient," Fryt\ :
Worket, p. 40.
n-ss, v.i. [Fr. insiater, from Lat. insisto =
to set foot on ; in- = in, on, and sisto = to set,
from si'i t<> stand ; Sp. insistir; Ital. insis-
tere.]
L LiL : To stand or rest upon.
"The ftugles on oue side intftt upon the centers of
tbe bottom of ttie cells on the other side." A'ay; On
the Creation.
II, Figuratively :
* 1. To dwell on or npon In discourse; to
dilate upou as a matter of special moment.
" Without lurther insisting on the different tempera
Of Juvenal and Horace." Dryden: Juottial. (Dedtc.)
2. To be persistent, urgent, or peremptory
concerning any matter ; to persist in ; to
press or urge earnestly and persistently.
"Hamilton insisted that the question should be.
Approve or not approve the rabbling r ' 'Maaaulay :
Bitt. etiff., eh, xvt.
^ Usually followed by on or upon.
* In-siBt'-en^e, *. [Eng. insist; -ence.] The
act of insisting, resting upon, or persisting in
any matter ; the act of dwelling upon a
matter or point as of special moment ; per-
sistency, urgency.
* In - slst' - ?nt, a. [Lat. insistent, pr. par.
of insisto.] Standing or resting npon any-
thing.
"The breadth of the substruction must be at least
double to the insistent wall." War ton : Remains, p. 19.
* Xn-sist'-tire, . [Eng. insist ; -we.] A dwell-
ing or standing upon ; fixedness, persistency,
insistence.
" Observe decree, priority, and place,
Jntisture, course, proportion, season, form,'*
Shakes?. : Trailu* 4 Crettutn, L &
* In-rf' tlen-^ (tt as nln\ . [Lat. in- =
not, and si(ie* thirsty ; sitio = to be thirsty.]
Freedom or exemption from feelings of thirst.
"The docility of an elephant, and the tntitiencjf ot
a camel (or travelling in dssarts." 0ro.
* in-sl'-tion, *. [Lat. insitin, frnm insitus,
jia. par. of i nsero to implant, to ingraft)
The act of inserting or ingrafting ; ingraft-
luent ; the state of being engrafted.
" The bearing or not bearing of the cions of a cherry-
tree the first year of iteinsUton." lioyli. Works, i. 3*L
in Sl'-tU, phr. [Lat. = in (its) situation.]
Geol. (Of a stratum, mineral, c.): In its
natural position, not displaced, or transported,
like an erratic block, to a distance.
* In slave , v.t. [ENSLAVE.]
in snare', v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. snan
(q.v.).]
1. Lit, : To catch in a snare or trap ; to en*
trap, to ensnare.
" By long experience Dnrfey may no doubt
Intnare a gudgeon, or mrm|* tnwt."
J-'unton: Spittle to T. Latubartl, 171.
2. Fig. : To catch, as in a snaioor trap; to
entrap, to inveigle, to entangle.
" Intnare tb wnielied in the tolU of law."
T-iuittson: Autumn, 1,290.
TT To insnare is to take in or by means of
a snare; to entrap is to take in a trap or by
means of, a trap ; to entangle is to take in a
tangle, or by means of tanylcd thread ; to in~
veigle is to take by means of making blind,
from the French aveuyle = blind. Insnare arid
entangle are used either in the natural or
moral sense ; entrap mostly in the natural, in-
veigle only in the moral sense. (Crabb ; Eng.
Synon.)
in snar'-er, *. [Eng. immar(e) ; -er.} Oae
who or that which insnares.
in sniir'-ing, pr. par., a. t & s. [iNSNAaE.]
A. & B. As pr. par. & pwtitip. adj. ; (See
the verb).
C. As sitbst.: The act of trapping or in-
veigling.
in-snar'-Ing-ly, adv. [Eng. insnaring ; -ly.]
So as to insnare.
* in -snarl', v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. snarl,
s. (q.v.).J To make into a snarl or knot; to
entangle.
t In-sd-l)ri'-g-ty, *. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
sobriety (q.v.).] Want of sobriety; iutempe-
ranee, drunkenness.
" HB whose couscience upbraids him with profane.
ness towards God, and intobriety towards bimaelf."
Decay of Piety.
In-m-ot-ft-MT-X-ty (cl <w aW), [P'-rf.
in- (2), "and Eng. sociability (q.v.).] The
quality or state of being insoclable ; vrant o(
sociability.
"Will* hd carried Its <t-iMHry H> fr. nj ttl
preteiiHiinm much farther." Warburum : Dioine Le-
yatwa. bk. V., i t.
* In-BO'-d-a-We (oi as shl), a [Pr., from
Lat. insociabilis, from in- = not, and sociabilit
= sociable (q.v.) ; Bp. tusocioite ; Ital. tjisooi-
1. Not sociable ; not Inclined to join in
social intercourse or converse ; not affable ;
unsociable.
"If till, luutere {ruoHable life
Change not your offer made in hent of blood."
Sh'ikrti'. : Lnrrt Labour'l Lott, V. 2.
2. Not capable of being joined or connected*
"Lime and wol are ImoefciW*" Wotton: Be>
maint, p. 19.
* in so'-cl-a-bljr (ol as hi), adv. fEng.
insaciaMle)'; -ly.] In an insuciable manner ;
unsociably.
' in- so'-cl ate (ol as shift, a. [Lat. in- =
not, and soriaiwjs, pa. |r. of socio = to aaso-
ciate.) Not associated ; solitai-y, insociaL
"The tntociate virgin life." Ben Jotuon.
* In-s6l-ate, v.t. [Lat Inmlatii*. pa. per. of
insulo, from in- = in, and sol = the Run.] To
dry or ripen In the rays of the sun ; to expose
to 'the heat of the sun.
* In sol a tion, . [Lat. tnmlntii, from inso
lotus, i. par. of insolo ; Fr. insolation. ]
t Ordinary Lanfjwtgc :
1. The act of insolating ; exposure to the
heat of the sun ; a drying in the rays of the
sun ; the state of being exposed to the heat
of the sun.
" We one thew tower* for Imitation, refrigeration,
conservation, and for the view of certain muteor*. '
Bacon Jfew Atlantis.
2. Sunstroke (q.v.).
H. Bat. : A disease produced In plant*
J>65l, bo^; porkt, }63rl; oat, cell, chorus, chin, bench; go, gem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, ^Conophon, eylst. Ing,
-olan, tian = shan. -tion, -sion - shun ; -tioii, -slon = zhun. -dons, -tlons, -slous = shus. -ble, -die, &<. - bei. dL
2692
insole inspectorship
exposed to fierce sun heat, which, causing too
rapid evaporation, tends to kill the parts af-
fected.
in' -sole, *. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. sole, s.
(q.v.)-]
1. The inner sole of a hoot or shoe ; opposed
to outsole (q.v.).
2. A thickness of cork, felt, flannel, leather,
paper, A T C., placed inside a shoe to protect
the sole of the foot, or to improve the fit of
the shoe. (American.)
In so Ien9e, s. [Fr, from Lat. insolent ia,
from inx>lens= insolent (q.v.); Sp. insolenda;
Ital. insolenza.}
* 1. That which Is unusual or rare.
"Being flUed with furious intolmct,
I (eel myself like one yrapt iu apriuht."
Spenter : Colin Clout't Com* Home Again,
2. The quality or state of being insolent ;
overbearing and contemptuous haughtiness or
pride ; contemptuous treatment of others ;
petulant contempt, impudence.
" He become proud even to ftwofmc*." Jtacaulay i
Mta. E'ty., cb. xxiv.
3. An insolent act ; Insolent conduct to-
wards or treatment of others ; impudence.
" I do not design to be exposed to such an intolence
M this that you have committed against me." .Sir
Wm, Temple: To the Procurator of the Court of Sot-
land.
* In'-sA-lence, v.t. [INSOLENCE, *.] To treat
with insolence or contempt ; to insult.
" The IjUlioi*, who wen flrat fault?,
and assaulted.*- Jttton Batilite.
^, . [Lat. insoltntia.] Inso-
lence.
In so lent, a. [Fr., from Lat. insolfns = un-
usnal . . . insolent; in- = not, and solens =
customary, usual ; Sp. & Ital. insolente,}
* 1. Original ; out of the beaten track ; un-
usual, uncommon.
"For ditty and amorous ode, I find Mr. Walter Ra
leigh't vein most lofty, insolent, and passionate."
Puttettham Knfftith Poety, bk, i.. cb. xxiL
2. Exhibiting overbearing contempt for
others ; haughty, overbearing, Impudent, ln-
nlting, impertinent
"He took all the liberties of an intotrnt servant,
who believes himself to be necessary." Maeaulay ;
Hi*, gng., ch. xlt
3. Proceeding from or characterized by inso-
lence or impudence.
" Their insolent triumph excited the popular Indig-
nation," Macaulajf : ffit(. Sny., cb. vitL
In' -si-lent-iy, adv. [Eng. insolent ; -ly.] In
an insolent manner ; insultingly, impudently.
"Jeffreys conducted himself, as was his wont, into-
teittly aud unjustly." ilaeaulay : Bitt. Eng., ch. vi.
* In-sol'-id, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng. solid.}
Light, frivolous. (Adams : Works, ii. 381.)
* In-s6l-l'd'-i-t&*. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
solidity (q.v.).] Want of solidity ; weakness.
in sSl'-I-dd, phr. [Lat.]
Law ; Iu the whole. (Used of a joint con-
tract.)
In-SOi-ln'-ic, a. [Eng. insoluble); -inic.}
(See etym. and compound.)
Insolinic add, N. [TEREPHTHALIC-ACID.]
--bll'-J-t*. s. [Fr. insolubiliU, from
Lat insolubilitas, from insolubili$= insoluble.]
1. The quality or state of being insoluble ;
incapability of being dissolved.
* 2. Incapability of being solved orexplained ;
not soluble ; inexplicable
In soi'-u-ble, a. & *. [Fr., from Lat. insolu-
WJia, from in- = not, and solubilis = soluble ;
solvo = to dissolve, to loose ; Sp. insoluble;
Ital. insolubile.]
A. As adjective :
1. Not soluble; incapable of being dissolved.
particularly in a liquid.
" To dissolve all the several sorts of food appropriate
to their species : even sometimes things of that con-
sistency, as seem insoluble." Derham : Phyitco-Theo.
logy, bk. iv., ch. xi.
* 2. Incapable of being pulled down or to
pieces.
" The formost of every ranke In the vay ward stood
firms and fast, like a strong aud inioluble wall."
P. Holland : A mmianut, p. 71.
* 2. Incapable of being solved or explained ;
not to be cleared, explained, or resolved ; in-
explicable.
" The notion of God's moral attri butes gave birth to
an insoluble question concerning the origin of eviL"
Warburton: Divine Legation, bk. ii. (Apu.)
* B. As subst. : A matter or point incapable
of being solved or explained.
" That good lawM be turned Into sophemea and in-
Klublti"Sir T. tlyot : Tkt Oo.emour, bk. iii.. ch. vi
in - sol u - ble - ness, . [Eng. insoluble;
-ness.] The quality or state of beiug insolu-
ble ; insolubility.
" The objection be fratnea from tbe uppoaed intolu-
Utntual ft "-( : (Porttiii. 2t
* In-sSlv'-a-We, o. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
solvable (q.v.).]
1. Not solvable ; that cannot be solved,
cleared, answered, or explained ; not admit
ting of solution or explanation.
"There appear ome intottablt difflcaltlea." Watts:
On Uu JHnS.
2. Incapable of being paid or cleaved off.
3. Incapable of being loosed ; indissoluble.
" To guard with baud*
/fUoltaWe theK gifts, thy cre demands."
Pope : Homer ; Odyuey viii. 490.
In-sdlv'-fn-f & . [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
solvency (q.v.)."]
L Ordinary Language ;
1. The quality or state of being insolvent ;
Inability of a person to pay or meet all his
debts ; the state of a person who has not suf-
flcent property to discharge all his liabilities ;
bankruptcy.
" The greater or lee* rtak there may be of irwoleenru
on the part of the borrower. '-AaUM : *oroi*;ce.
pt 111., ch. I.. | ns.
2. Insufficiency to discharge all the liabili-
ties of the owner : as, the iiuolvcncy of an
estate.
IL Lam: Many acts relating to Insolvency
and bankruptcy have been passed in the
United States and elsewhere.
\ Insolvency is a state ; failure an act Bow-
fng out of that state ; and bankruptcy an effect
of that act. Insolvency is a condition of not
paying one's debts ; failure is a cessation of
business, from the want of means to carry it
on ; and bankruptcy is a legal surrender of all
one's remaining goods into the hands of one's
creditors, in consequence of a real or supposed
insolvency. (Crabb: Eng. Synon.) '
In sol' vent, o. & . [Pref. in- (2X and Eng.
solvent (q.v.). ]
A. As aJjrctive :
1. Not solvent ; not having sufficient money
or estate to pay ill debts or to discharge all
liabilities.
" If his father was insolvent by his crime, the pun-
ishment was to go no further than the fault." Bp.
Taylor : Rule of Conscience, bk. 111., ch. ii.
2. Insufficient to discharge all the liabilities
of the owner.
3. Pertaining or relating to insolvent per-
Bons : as, an insolvent act.
B. As subst. : A debtor who Is unable to
pay all his debts.
" fntotvmt* consequently wen to be found In every
dwelling, from cellar to garret" MaeaiOay ; Hit(.
fng.. ch. ill.
insolvent debtor's court, s.
Eng.: A court for the relief of insolvent
debtors, established in 1813, by the 53 Geo. III.
c. 102. It continued till 1820. The business
formerly transacted by the Insolvent Debtor's
Court is now transferred to the Court of
Bankruptcy.
in so m n I a, s. [Lat = want of sleep ;
sleeplessness*.]
Path. ; Sleeplessness, or Inability to sleep.
This disorder is of nervous origin, arising from
mental anxiety or overwork, and is one of the
earliest and most marked features of acute
mania ; the functions of the body are badly
performed, and severe fever frequently accom-
panies it.
In-s6m -nl-OUS, a. [Lat. insomnia); Eng.
suff. -ous ; Lat. iiisomniosus.] Sleepless ; un-
able to take the proper amount of sleep ;
wakeful.
* In-s6m'-no-len9e, s. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. somnolence.] Sleeplessness.
" Suspicion's wasting pale intomnolence."
Taylor : Edwin the Fair, L 2.
n-s6-mU9h'. adv. [Eng. in, 50, and much,.}
So ; to such a degree ; in such wise. (Generally
followed by that, sometimes by of.)
" Intomuch that there is no nation but Is sprinkled
with their Ittuguage." Spenter : State of Ireland.
insouciance (as ah so-syans'), s. [Fr.]
Carelessness, heedlessness, unconcern, in-
difference.
Insouciant (as an so syan), a. [Pr.]
GuvteH, heedless, un concerned, indifferent.
" In-BOuT, v.t. [Pret. in- (1), and Eng. soul
(q.v.).] To place or fix one's soul iu or on ;
to set one's affections on.
" Whosoever look't Imt stedfaatly upon ber conld
not but intouf himself in her." Felt ham : fietolves, pt.
L, rea 9.
In' -Span, v.t. [Dut. inspannen = to yoke a
set of draught oxen : in- = in, and spannen =
to stretch, to yoke.} To yoke, as draught
oxen. (South Africa.)
" Next morning at daybreak we intpanned, and mad*
a short treck of two boura. " P, QUlmore : Great Thirtt
Land, ch. x i i.
* In speak'-a-ble, a. [UNSPEAKABLE.]
In-spect'. v.t. [Lat. inspecto, freq. of inspicio
* to look into: in- = in, into, and specio =
to look ; Fr. inspecter.] To view or look closely
in to for thepurpose of ascertaining the quality,
condition, ic., of; to view and examine offi-
cially : as, To inspect troops, a school, &c. ; to
examine or view, narrowly and critically; to*
superintend.
" They [the Burgomasters] intpect and pursue all tht
great public works of thecity." Sir W. Tempi* Unite*
Provincet, ch. ii.
* In'-sp^ot, . [INSPECT, v.] Inspection, ex-
amination.
" Not so the man of philosophic eye.
And intpect sage." Thornton: Autumn, 1,1*.
In-Spe'cf -Ing, pr. par., a., & s. [INSPECT, r.J
A. As pr. par. : (See the verb).
B. A s adj. : Employed in inspection: M,
an inspecting officer.
C. As subst. : Inspection.
In spec tlon, * in spec clon, t. (Fr. in-
spection, from Lat. inspectionem, accus. of in-
spectio = an inspection, from inspectus, j>a. par.
of inspicio; Sp. inspeccion; Ital. ins)>ezione.]
The act of inspecting ; a careful, narrow, or
critical examination or survey, for the purpose
of ascertaining the quality or condition of
anything, and of pointing ont errors or de-
fects ; an official view, survey. 01 examination ;
superintendence.
" Which could nerer hare happened If the affairs of
that kingdom had been under a more equal intpee-
tion."Burnet : Oum Time (an. 1660).
T[ The officers of an army inspect the men,
to see that they observe all the rules that have
been laid down to them ; a general or superior
officer has the sujierintendence of any military
operation. Fidelity is peculiarly wanted in
an inspector, judgment and experience in a
superintendent. Inspection is said of things as
well as persons ; oversight only of persons :
one has the inspection of books in order to
ascertain their accuracy ; one has the oversight
of persons to prevent irregularity. (Crabb :
Eng. Synon.)
* In-spec'-tlve, a. [Lat. inspectivus, from
inspectus, pa. par. of inspicio.] Inspecting;
pertaining to inspection.
" Describing the measure* and dimensions of the
intpeetiae |>arts, order, and position." Evelyn : Archi-
tectt A Architecture.
In spec'-tor, . [Lat.. from inspectus, pa. par.
of inspicio ; Fr. inspecteur; Sp. inspector.]
1. One who inspects or oversees ; one to
whose care the superintendence and execution
of any work is entrusted ; an overseer, a su-
perintendent ; one who examines officially
into the quality, condition, &c., of work.
The title is given to many officials who test
or examine into the condition and carrying
ont of matters affecting the public Interest :
as, an inspector of schools, an injector of
weights and measures, an inspector of markets,
fee.
" With their new ligbt our bold inipector* press
Like Cham, to show their father's nakedness."
Denham: Proffrett of Learning. 208.
2. An officer of police, ranking next below s
superintendent, and above a sergeant.
in-Spec -tor-ate, s. [Eng. inspector; -ate.\
1. The office of a inspector ; inspectorship.
2. A body of inspectors or overseers. (An*
nandale.)
n-spec -tor-Ship, s. [Eng. inspector; -ship.J
L The office of an inspector.
2. The district under the control or super-
vision of an inspector.
* 3. An inspector.
"We think proper to observe here that his tntpe&
torthip has the most notable talent at a motto."
Smart: The HUiad. (Notes.)
fate, tat, tare, amidst, what, fall, father ; we, wet, here, camel, her, there ; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine ; go, ptft.
or, wore, wolf, work, who, son ; mute, cub, cure, unite, cur, rule, full ; try, Syrian. , ce = e ; ey = a. qu = kw.
in *;pectress instalment
2693
* In-SpeV-triss, *. [Eng. inspector ; -ess.]
A female inspector or overlooker. (Wolcot :
Peter Pindar, p. 39.)
* In sperso , v.t. ILat. inspersvt, pa. par. of
ins}>ergo = to sprinkle or scatter upon : in- =
in, mi, and spargo = to scatter, to sprinkle.]
To sprinkle, to scatter, to cast up.
*in sper aion, s. [Lat. inspersio, from in-
spervus, pa. par. of inspergo.] The act of
sprinkling or scattering over or upon.
" With sweet intptrrion of fit baluies, and perfect
search nf wounds."
Chapman : Homer; Iliad xl.
to spex I mus, s. [Lat., 1st pers. pi. perf.
inilie. of inspicio = to examine, to inspect
(q.v.).]
Law : An exemplification, a royal grant ;
the first word in ancient charters aud letters-
patent.
* In sphere', v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng.
$]>ltnre (q.v.).] To place or set in an orb or
sphere.
" Mv mansion is, where those Immortal shapes
Of bright nerlal spirits live insphered
In regions mild." Milton : Comux, S.
" In-Spir'-a-ble, o. [Eng. inspires); -able.]
That may" be inspired ; capable of being
dmwn into the lungs ; inhalable, as air or
vapours.
"To these intpirable hurts we liny enumerate those
they sustain from their expiration of fuliginous
teams," Harvey : On Contitmption.
in spl ra'-tton, * In spi ra - ci-oun, *.
[From Lat. in&fiiratio = inspiration, from
inspire; Fr. inspiration; Prov. ins/tiroi'to;
8j". inspiration; Port, insperacao ; Ital. in-
tj'iraxione.] [INSPIRE.]
L Ordinary Language :
t 1. Lit. : In the same sense as II. 1.
2. Figuratively :
(1) In the sense II. 2 ; or, in a looser sense.
n elevating influence conveyed to the mind
by scene, circumstances surrounding one, con-
tact with a great mind, Ac.
(2) The state of receiving such inspiration
Into the mind.
(3) The ideas inspired.
"Hely meu at their death have good intpirationt,"
gkakotp. : Merchant of Venire, L a.
IL Technically:
L Phys.: A mechanical movement by which
air is drawn into the lungs by the increase of
the thoracic cavity. It is one of two move-
ments constituting the act of respiration, the
other being expiration (q.v.). [RESPIRATION.]
2. Scrip. A Theol. : An extraordinary in-
fluence exerted by the Holy Spirit on certain
teachers and writers so as to illuminate their
understandings, raise and purify their moral
natures, and impart a certain divine element
to their utterances, whether oral or written.
The chief New Testament passages on which
the doctrine rests are two. The first is thus
rendered in the A.V., " All scripture [is] given
by inspiration of God, and [is] profitable for
doctrine," Ac. ; in the text of the R.V. this
is "Every Scripture inspired of God [is]
also profitable for teaching," &c., and in the
margin "Every Scripture [is] inspired of God
and profitable," &c. The second is 2 Pet. ii.
21, " For the prophecy came not in old time
by the will of man ; but holy men of God spake
(as they were] moved by the Holy Ghost "
(A.V.). " For no prophecy ever came (margin,
was brought) by thewillof man ; but men spake
from God, being moved by the Holy Ghost "
(R.V.). The "Scriptures" were, of course, the
Old Testament. (Cf. also Job xxxii. 8, in which
Cissage, however, the inspiration referred to
only that common to all men of intellect.)
The great majority of Christians hold what is
termed plenary inspiration viz., that theinflu-
ence of the Holy Ghost on the sacred speakers
and writers was such as absolutely to pervade
their mind and heart, making their utterances
as divine as if they had come from God with-
out human instrumentality. With regard to
the Scripture, a large majority hold what is
termed verbal inspiration i.e., that each
word of th Hebrew Testament and the Greek
New Testament was suggested to the sacred
penmen by the Holy Ghost. Of this school,
Gaussen of Geneva was the modern apostle.
A minority believe that the Scripture writers
were preserved from all error only when tliey
Uttered moral and spiritual teaching, whilst in
numbers, unimportant points of history, &c.,
they might err. A few reduce the inspiration
of the sacred writers to that possessed by
Shakespeare, Milton, Cowper, &c. f in other
words, identify it with what is termed Genius
(q.v.). [BiBLE.1
in spi ra'-tion-al, a. [Eng. inspiration ; -al.}
Of or belonging to or resembling inspiration.
" Tozer had on that occasion evinced a skill almost
intpi rational." CornhUl Mag.. April, 1884, p. 4*4.
in spi ra' tion ist, . [Eng. inspiration;
-ist.}
Theol. ; One who holds the doctrine of
plenary inspiration.
In-spir'-a-tor-jr, a. [Lat. inspirator ss an
inspirer ;" Eng. suff. -y,]
Anatomy :
1. Gen. : Of or pertaining to inspiration.
2, Spec. : Aiding in the process of inspira-
tion. Used of the muscles which enlarge the
thoracic cavity, as of the external intercostal
muscles, the parts of the internal intercostals
placed between the costal cartilages ; the ser-
ratus magnns, the pectoralis minor, with the
pectoralis. major, and latissimus dorst.
in spire , v.t. & i. [Lat. inspiro = to blow into
or ujton, to breathe into, to inspire : in- = in,
anl spiro ~ to breathe or blow ; Fr. inspirer;
Prov., Sp., & Port, inspirar; Ital. inspirare.}
A. Transitive:
I. Ordinary language :
1. Lit. (Of air) : To breathe or blow air into
a musical instrument with the view of produc-
ing music.
2. Figuratively:
(1) Divinely to breathe into the body with
creative effect.
(2) Divinely to breathe into the soul [II. 1].
00 To communicate to the soul an animat-
ing impulse.
IL Technically:
1. Phys. : To take, MI air, into the lungs.
[INSPIRATION, II l.J
2. Theol. : To breath* true and spiritual
ideas into the mind and heart. Used of the
action of the Holy Spirit on the writers of the
Bible.
3. Press: To impart a tone, possibly official,
to the matter of a newspaper or magazine
article.
"A paragraph, obviously intpired, appears In ft local
Journal this evening. 'and runs as follows.** Itaily
TflfyrajA, Sept. 11, 1884.
t B. Intrans. : To take air into the lungs.
in-spired' ( pr. par. & a.
A. As pr. par. : (See the verb).
B* As adjective :
1. Lit. : Breathed in.
2. Figuratively:
(1) Acted on or produced by the inspiration
of the Holy Ghost : as, the inspired writers.
(2) Produced by inspiration : as, the in-
spired Scriptures.
in-spir'-er, . [Eng. inspire); -er.]
1. Lit. : One who inspires ; specif., the Holy
Ghost.
"Inipirer of that holy flame."
Cowper .' Ouion ; Joy of the Crott.
2. Fig. : Any source of inspiration.
"Flow, W elated, flow, like thine inipirer. Beer!"
Pope; Dunclad, iii. 109.
In-spir'-ing, pr. par., a., & . [INSPIRE.]
A. As pr. par. : (See the verb).
B* As adjective :
1. Breaking in ; inhaling into the lungs.
2. Infusing or instilling into the mind super-
naturally.
3. Infusing spirit, life, or animation ; ani-
mating, inspiriting.
B. As subst. : The same as INSPIRATION (q.v.).
in-splV-tt
i-spir'-ft, v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. spirit
(q.v.).] To infuse spirit, life, or animation
into ; to animate, to rouse, to invigorate, to
exhilarate.
" O Dodington ! attend my rural song,
Stoop to iiiy theme, inijArit ev'ry line."
Thomton : Summer, 80.
in spis sate, v.t. [Lat. inspissatus= thick-
ened : in- (intens.), and spiasatus, pa. par. of
spisso = to thicken ; spissus = thick.] To
thicken, to render more dense, to bring to a
greater consistence by evaporation.
The sugar doth inti-iuatc the spirit* of the trine."
Bacon . A'at. But. t \ 72ft.
t In spls'-sate, a. [INSPISSATE, v.] Thickened,
rendered more dense, reduced to a greater
consistence.
" The ayr of rivers being always grot* and heavy.
In winter is more intpiuate by reason of the circuiu-
stfcutcold. 1 -/*. Holland: Plutarch, p. KB.
t Xn'-spls-sat-ed, a. [Eng. inspissat(e) ; -xi.)
The same as INSPISSATE (q.v.).
t in spis-sa'-tlon, s. [Eng. inspissate ; -ion.}
The act of thickening or reducing to a greater
consistence and density by boiling or evapora-
tion ; the state of being so thickened.
" Attributed to such a deleterious quality in th. Ok*
f (it-ll. as well as to the itupiitntiun of the aer. "Emir*
f-'uinifufjinni. pt. 1.
* in-spyre, v.t. [INSPIRE.)
Inst., A [See def.] A contraction or abbrevia-
tion for instant, a term used in correspondence,
Ac., for the current or present month : &s. He
will come on the 10th inst., that is, on the
tenth day of the present mouth.
in-sta-bH'-r-t& * in sta bill tec, s. [Fr.
instabilite, from Lat. instabUitatcm, accus. of"
in*tal> ilitas, from in- = not, and stahilitas =
stability (q.v.); Sp. instabilidad ; Ital. insta~
bilita.]
1. The quality or state of being instable ;
want of stability, strength, or firmness in con-
struction ; liability to give way or fall.
* 2. Want of firmness or constancy in pur-
pose ; inconstancy ; fickleness ; inconsist-
ency of purpose.
" Lamenting the inttabUitee of the English* people."
ffaU: Henry IV, (au. 1).
* 3. Changeableness ; mutability.
" I mt ability of temper ought to be checked, when It
disposes men to wander from one scheme of govern-
ment to another." Additon : Freeholder.
* in-Bta'-ble, a. [Fr., from Lat instabilt$ t
from in- = not, and stabilis = stable (q.v.);
Sp. instable; Ital. instabiU.]
1. Wanting in stability, firmness, or strength
of construction ; liable to give way or fall.
2. Not firm or constant in purpose ; fickle ;
inconstant ; inconsistent.
" III this inrtable and uncertain age." B. '. Mon : JsV
petition (tftlic Seven Churchvi. (Deuic.)
3. Changeable ; mutable.
* In 8ta -ble-n^SS, s. [Eng. instable; -ness.}
The quality or state of being instable ; i u sta-
bility.
" The very faculty of reason Is subject to the wuu*
inttabUiUM."B<necU : Letter*, bk. Iv.. let 1.
in Stall, in stal, v.t. [Fr. installer, from-
Low Lat. installo = to install, from Lat. in- =
in, aud Low Lat. stallum = a stall ; Sp. in--
statin- ; Ital. installare.]
* 1. To place or set in a seat ; to give a seat to.
2. To set, place, or instate in any office, rank,
position, or order; to invest with an office,
charge, or rank with customary ceremonies.
" A sour reproachful glance
From those in chief who, cap in hand, installed
The new professor." Browning : Paracelsus, IT.
in stal la tion, s. [Fr., from Low Lat. in*
sUUlatio, from installatus, pa. par. of installo-
= to install (q.v.); Sp. instalacion ; Ital. t'n-
stallazione.]
1. The act of installing ; the act of investing
with an office, charge, or rank, with customary
ceremonies, as a Knight of the Garter in the
Chapel of St. George at Windsor, a dean, pre-
bendary, or other ecclesiastical dignitary in
the stall of the cathedral to which he belongs,
&c. ; the state of being installed,
" Before hla iuvesture tuiili'tttallatiori therein."
P. Holland : Suetoniut, p. 127.
2. The institution or ordination of an or-
dained clergyman to a charge in the United
States. (American.)
3. A set of apparatus, or arrangement of
machinery or machines. (Generally used of a
suite of electric lamps.)
"The total outlay upon the present inttallation, in-
cluding duplicate steam -engines and electrical m
cliin.-s, will be about 11,000. Weekly Diipatch. Tun*
16. 1884.
In star ment, * in stall ment. s. [Eng.
install); -ment.]
* 1. The act of installing or investing with'
an office, rank, or charge ; installation.
"The instalment of this noble auke
In the seat royal."
Shaketp. : Richard III., iii. L
* 2. The seat or stall in which one is installed.
" The several chain of order look you scour ;
Each fair instalment, cont, and several crest.
. : Merry Il'i<r< of Windtor, T. 4.
^; p^ut, JdiW; cat, 96!!, chorus, 9hln, bench; go, ^em; thin, thi^ sin, a?; expect, Xonophon, eyist. pb '
tian = shan. -tion, -sion = shun; ton. 8lon = ^^n. tlous, clous, sious = shus. -ble. -die. &c. = bel. dftl.
-ciau.
2694
instamp instigator
3. A part of an entire <lebt or sum of money
paid or agreed to be paid at a time dittnvnl
from that at which another part or the balance
is paid or agreed to be paid ; a part of a sum
of money paid or to be iaid at a particular
time : as, A debt is paid by instalment*.
* In stamp', v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng.
stump (q.v.).] To mark or impress by stamp-
ing, beating, or striking.
" Inttampt i characters inay send
Abroad to tliunsitiul*. ttiuuaaiid men's latent."
Daniel Civil Wart, Tt 87.
fat stan96, &. [Fr., from Lat. instantiate,
betug near, urgency, from instant = present,
urgent, pr. par. of insto = to be at hand, to
ress, to urge : in- = in, on, and sto to stand ;
p. instancia ; Ital. instamia, instanza, is-
tanzia, ittanaa.]
L Ordinary language :
1. The state or act of being argent or
pressing ; importunity ; solicitation ; applica-
tion.
" HI* frandea tent he to, at bU in*t<tnc*,
And prated hem to doii him that pleuice."
CA<irrr : C. T.. 9,466.
* 2. An impelling motive, ground, or reason ;
jifluence ; cause.
" His (can are shallow, wanting instancr*
,***;.. . tiicixtrd 111.. UL I.
* 3. A sign, symptom, or token.
" Blushing red no tniilty inttwe gave.*
Shaketp.; Rmpe of Ltteret*, 1,511.
4. A case occurring ; a case offered aa an
example, exemplification, or precedent.
" Tbe value of his inttancet ba still remained unim-
paired." SI (on : Origin* of Engttth HUtury, P. 182.
* 5. A pattern ; a sample.
" Borne pi vcluiu inttanc* of itself."
Shiketp. : ffamlet, IT. 8.
6. A sentence ; a saw ; a proverb ; a pro-
verbial saying.
" Full of wise MIWI and modem lntt<inrrf. m
SttaKetp. : Much Ado About forking. II. 7.
* 7. An argument ; a proof.
* What tnttantv of the contrary ?' ,SAa*p. : Two
ffaitlrmnt of Verona, IL. 4.
* 8. The process or prosecution of a suit.
The inttann of a cause U Hid to be that judicial
process wlilcb U made from a contestation of n suit,
evi-ii to tbe time nfvrouounclng sentence In the cause,
or till tbe end of three year*." Aylkffe : Parergon,
IL Scots Law : That which may be insisted
on at one diet or course of probation.
1 (1) Cmtset of Instawx :
Scots Law : Causes which proceed at the so-
licitation of some party.
(2) Prerogative Instances:
Philos. : The name given by Bacon to certain
facts to be used as means of discovery. In
the Novum Organttm (bk. iL, aph. 22 ad An.)
he enumerates twenty-seven kinds, of which
the chief are:
1. Solitary Itutances: Examples of the Batne quality
existing In two bodies otherwise different, or of a
quality dltferiug lit two bodies otherwise tbe same.
2. J/iarating Instances.' Exhibiting some property of
the body i*a*.sinj; from one condition to another ; aa
coming nearen>erfection or verging towards extinction.
8. Ottoujptf fnttanrtt: Facts which show eome par-
ticular i*opertj iu it* highest state of power and
7. Crucial /twtancet: Instances which, when the
.ding i> in a state of suspense, lead It to a
4. Annlaffoui or Parallel Instance*: Having an
analogy or resemblance in some particulars, though
exhibiting great diversity in all others.
ft. Accomf'anying Int'-tnc--*: Those which are always
found together, as fia>'<e .-uid heat.
. Bottile Instances: Tbe reverse of Accompanying
Instances; thus traiiHuareucy and malleability are
never combined In solids.
7. CruHoI
nnderstandit
decision, perl ------- _________ . ------------
the Junction of two roads directing the traveller whk-h
toUke.
instance-court; s.
Law : A branch of the Court of Admiralty,
distinct from the prize court, and having juris-
diction in cases of private injuries to private
rights taking place at sea, or intimately con-
nected with maritime subjects.
IT For tire difference between instance and
example, see EXAMPLE.
In' -stance, v.t. & i. [INSTANCE, .]
A. Trans. .- To mention, adduce, or bring
forward as an instance or example ; to quote,
give, or offer as exemplifying the matter in
hand.
" I shall not instance an abstruse author." Milton :
*B, Intransitive:
1. To be exemplified ; to receive illustra-
tion.
2. To quote or bring forward instances or
examples.
* In'-stan-cy, * in-stan cie, &. [Lat. in-
ttantia.\ limt&nce, importuuity, solicitation.
" To whet the ItutanH*. and double the hitreaUes of
so welcome suiters."//^. Mull: tieuven upon Earth,
In'-stant, a., *., ft adv. [Lnt. instant = press-
ing, urgent; Ital. <fc Sp. insUinte = urgent;
Fr. instant = an instant, a moment.]
A* As adjective ;
* 1. Pressing, urgent, solicitons, Importu-
nate.
"And they were infant with lood voices, requiring
that be might be crucified." LJee xxiii. .
* 2. Immediate; without intervening time ;
present.
"That you will take your instant leave."
SA*f>. . All't Well That And* WHO. IL 4.
3. Present, current, still going on. (Used
now only in such expressions as the 10th
instant.) [IssT.J
- But is all inXamt. your eternal Muse
All ages can to any one reduce."
Waller : To a Perton qf Honour.
B. As substantive :
1. A moment of time ; a part of duration in
which we perceive no succession.
"At any inttanr of time tbe moving atom Is but In
one aingle point of the \ii\v."Btuttey ; Senntmtt
* 2. Any particular time or season.
"To make tome special inttant special bleat."
S/mketp. : tionncU, HL IL
* 3. A pressing application.
"Upon her instant unto the Romans for aid."
F. Holland : Cantden, p. t7.
C. As adv. : Quickly, without delay.
" Come, Philomelas ! let us initaxt go."
Thornton : Cattle of Jndolencf, IL 84.
* in'-stant. v.t. [INSTANT, a.] To urge, to
solicit earnestly.
"Pilate . . . inttanted them, as the/ were religions,
to ahow tiodlv favour. "Bale : Select Works, p. 3i2.
e i-tf , 9. \VT.instantaniite.}
The quality or state of being instantaneous ;
instan tan e o usitess.
Xn-stan-ta'-ne'-ofts, a. [Formed as if from
a Lat. instvntaneuSj by Analogy with contem-
poraneous, etc. ; Fr. instan t anc ; Ital. & Sp. in-
stantaneo.} Done in an instant; occurring,
happening, or acting without any perceptible
lapse of time ; very speedy.
" They started at the tributary peal
Of fcutiirmiroi<j thunder."
tt'ordttforth : Xxeurtiom, bk. vIL
lnt*utaneou generator,
ERATOR, II. 5.J
[GEN-
^, adv. [Eng. instan-
taneovs; -ly.\ In an instant, hi a moment of
time.
" What I had heard of the raining of frogs came to
my thoughts, there being reanou to conclude that those
came from the clouds, or were inttantaneoutly gene-
rated." /tay.' On the Cneation, pt. it
^ For the difference between instantaneously
and directly, see DIRECTLY
in-tan-ta'-n-oftB~nss, *. [Eng. instan-
taneous ; -nese.] The quality or state of being
instantaneous.
* in stAH-ta-ny, a. [Fr. instantaiU; Ital. &
Sp. install tuneo, as if f ruin a. Lut.* inatanUineus.]
Instantaneous ; done or occurring in an in-
stant.
"An Intttintnny and entire creation of the world."
lip, Hull : Ctuet uf Contctmct, dec. lii., case 10.
in stAn ter, adv. [Lat.] At once, imme-
diately, without delay.
" How their souls would sadden tntfanter."
Hood: Mlu KUnMntegg.
* in' stant-ly, * in stant-lie, adv. [Eng.
instant'; -iy.]
* 1. With importunity, urgency, or solicita-
tion ; earnestly, diligently, assiduously.
"I require cf you most initantll* that if herebie
mysklloeeui -umelent-" Gateoiffme: Tothe Revtrmde
Jttvinet.
2. At once, directly, immediately ; without
delay or loss of time,
"It is surely unjust to blame him for not inttanfty
Kiting out, in such circumstances, an armament suffi-
cient to conquer a kingdom." J/aeauiay: Hat, Eng.,
fitting out, ii
cientto
ch. xil.
H For the difference between instantly and
directly, see DIRECTLY.
* in-star, v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. star
(q.v.).] To spot or stud with, or as with
stars.
" And asphodel* irutarred with gold."
ff'irte : The Ascetic.
in-state', v.t. [Pref. in- (IX and Eng. state
(q-v.).J
1. To put or place in a certain state, posi-
tion, or rank ; to instal, to establish.
" Iu UK king's favour be w* BO i
Drayton. Jfiteriet of <
2. To invest.
" Fur lili nosnesslons . . .
We do intt-ttf and widow you witbal."
*. .- Metuurtfor Meawn, T. L
, s. [Eng. instate ; -ment.\ The
act of establishing; establishment.
"The inttatemfnt of God's kingdom." Matdie*
Arnold: LeM Euayt, p. 47.
* In-stau'-rate, v.t. [Lat. inetoumtus, pa.
par. of instauro ; Fr. instaurer.] To reform,
to repair, to renew.
* Xn-stau-ra'-tion, *. [Lat. tnstavratio, from
instauratus, pa. par. of insUturo; Fr. intfaura*
ttott.J The act of renewing or restoring a
thing to ita former state, aftf-r decay, lapse, or
dilapidation ; renewal, restoration, reparation.
* In-Btau'-ra-tor, . [Lat., from instavratus,
pa. par. of imtauro; Fr. instaurateur.) On
who renews, repairs, or restores anything to
its former state, after decay, lapse, or dilapi-
dation.
* in sta nre, v.t. [Fr. instaurer, from Lat.
itutauro.1 To renew, to repair. (Afarton.)
in stead', * in-stede, adv. [A,S. on stcde =
in the place.]
1. In the place, stead, or room. (Followed by
V-)
"tnttead at pleasing, make us gape and duse,"
Itrayton: Art o/ Paltry, L
2. Equal or equivalent to.
* in-stead-fast, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
steadfast (q.v.).J Not steadfast or firm.
"And Eptmetheusof inttead/ttst mind.
Lured to false joys, aud to tbe future blind."
Cooke : Theogony uf Jfettod.
* in-steep', v.t. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng. steep
(q.v.).] To steep, to soak, to drench ; to
macerate under water ; to immerse.
M Suffolk first died, aud York, all haggled over,
Conies to him where in gore h lay iwrfee/wd/
Mo*u>. / Jlotry T* vL C
in' step, * in stop, * in stoppo, * in-
Stup, * in-stuppc, & ( A corrupt, of in-
stop, or instup, from in- = in, into, and stoop;
hence = the in-bend of the foot.]
1. The forepart of the npper side of th
hnman foot, near its junction with the leg.
"The peer, whose footman's instep he measures, U
able to keep hU cbaplalu from a Jail." tturke ; tivetch
at Bristol.
2. That part of the hind leg of a horse which
reaches from the ham to the pastern-joint.
in sti gate, v.t. [Lat. instigates, pa. per. of
instigo = to incite, to instigate : in- =ln, on,
and a root stig = to stick or prick; whence
sting and stigma; Fr. instiguer; Bp. instigar;
Ital. instigare.] To incite, to urge on, to set
on, to encourage, to provoke. (Used chiefly
or wholly in a bad sense.)
" He bath now inttigntfd his blackest agents to the
very extent of their malignity." Warburtcn : LHvint
Lfgalion. IDed.)
H For the difference between to instigate
and to enoovrage, see ENCOURAQK.
in -Sti gat ing, pr. jr. t a., & s. [INSTIGATE. J
A. & B. As pr. par. <t particip. adj. : (See
the verb).
C, As subst. : The act of inciting, encourag-
ing, or provoking ; instigation.
in' sti gat ing-ly, adv. [Eng. instigating;
-iy-} Uy instigation ; incitingly.
in-sti ga'-tion, ' in-sti-ga-ci-on,^. [Fr.,
Jrom Lat. instiyatio, from inxtigatus, pa. par.
of inst igo ; Sp. instigacion ; Ital. instigasione.]
1. The actof instigating, urging (ir inciting,
especially to evil ur crime; incitement, or
impulse to evil ; temptation.
" At their tuftigatimi departing from his milder
designs. "Jortin : Jlemark* on Xoclet. But.
2. That which serves to instigate or indU;
an incitement.
" Such iniligationt have often been dropped."
ShaXeip. : Julius Catur. it 1.
Xn'-Btt-ffiv-tSr, *. [Lat., from insttgatus, pa,
par. of instigo = \io instigate (q.v.); Fr. insti~
gateur; Sp. instigador.] Oue who instigates,
incites, or encourages another to evil or wic-
kedness ; a tempter, an ineiter to evil.
" Being himself the first mover and ingriyator of
that Injustice." Burke: Chary* ayainst Warren
Ate, fat, fare, amidst, what, fall, father; we, wet, here, camel, her, there; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine; go, po>.
or. wore, wplt work, who, son ; mute, cub. ciire, unite, cur. rule, full ; try, Syrian, w, ce = e. ey = a. qn = k w.
instil institutionary
2635
In stil, vt [Fr. inatillcr, from Lat. instil lo
= to ponrin by drops : i>i- = in, into, and stil/o
= to drop ; gtUlu = a drop ; 8p. instilur ; ItaL
1. Lit. : To pour in or infuse by drops.
"The Juice of It Mns boiled with oile. and BO
dropped or itittUleJ into the ljnd, is good fur tlie
paioes thereof." A Holland : Pliole, bk xx., ch. xvii.
2. f lg, .* To Infuse slowly ami gradually
Into the mind or feelings ; to insinuate or im-
plant gradually ; to cause to be imbibed.
"Tlie Earl of Nottlncrmin was, at the stand time,
inxtilliity into the kin'.; jealuunlea of i\iem."Burnet :
Hist. Own Time (an. !.*).
in-Stll-la'-tlon, s. [Fr., from Lat. instiflatin.
troiii instittattts, pa. par. of insWfa to instil
(q.v.); Sp. isiJ"ci<m ; Ttal. insfiffruioue.]
I. Lit : The art of pouring in or infusing
by drops or small quantities.
IL Figuratively:
1. The act of infusing into or Implanting in
the mind by degrees.
2. That which is Instilled or Infused into
the mind.
" Hake the draught of 1 If e sweet or bitter by Impel*
ceptib'i itutiUatiuru." A'amUer, No. 72.
In'-Stfl-la-tor, *. [Lat. instWatus, pa. par.
of instilln = to instil (q.v.).J One who instils
cr infuses ; an instiller.
in stir la-tor-y, a. [Ut, instiUat(us), pa.
par. of in&i illo ; Eng. adj. suff. ory.] Relating
or pertaining to instillation.
In-stiET-ler, . [Eng. instil ; -er.J One who
instils or infuses.
" Never was there ... 00 artful an trutiller of loose
principle* my tutor. Skelton : fieitm Revealed,
In-stil'-ment, *. [Eng. instil ; -went]
1. The act of instilling.
2. That which is instilled.
n-stim-u-la'-tion, *. riNsrmuLATE.] The
act of stimulating, inciting, or urging for-
ward ; instigation.
jo'-stihct, a. & s. [From Fr. instinct or Lat.
instinctus = instigation, impulse ; instinguo=z
to instigate, incite, or impel ; Sp. & Port, in*
ttinto; Ital. insteiito, istinto.}
A. At adj. : Animated, excited, moved, im-
pelled, nrged, or stimulated from within,
(Generally followed by with.)
B. As subst.: A natural Impulse leading
animals even prior to all experience to perform
certain actions tending to the welfare of the
Individual or the perpetuation of the species,
apparently without understanding the object
at which they may be supposed to aim, or
deliberating as to the best methods to em-
ploy. In many cases, as in the construction
of the cells of the bee, there is a perfection
about the result which reasoning man could
not have equalled, except by the application
of the higher mathematics to direct the opera-
tions carried out. Mr. Darwin considers that
animals, in time past as now, have varied in
their mental qualities, and that those varia-
tions are inherited. Instincts also vary slightly
in a state of nature. This being so, natural
selection can ultimately bring them to a high
degree of perfection.
"That there Is such a thing therefore as {nttlnrt lu
brute auimaU. I Umik it is very plain ; that U to say,
there is an lustlgattoti or impetus ID them to do such
things without counsel, deliberation, or acquired
knowledge, a* according to our reason aud best consul-
tation, we cniiiiut but approve to be fittest to be done.
Which principle In general scaliger seems to parallel
to divine inspiration. In*tinctu dicitur a naturu,
lAcut a /Hit gmattH,"Mor; Immortality tfttutioul,
bk. Hi., ch. xlfl.
'Instinct', tJ.f. [INSTTNCT, .] To impress as
by an animating power or Influence ; to im-
press as an instinct.
" What native Inextinguishable beauty must be tin-
pressed and mtttncted through the whole." BtntUy :
teuton. (Pref.)
' tn-stinc'-tion, *. [Lat. inatinctus, pa. par.
of instinguo = to instigate.] Instinct, inspi-
ration.
"Tulll ID his Tusciilane questions suppoeeth, that a
poete can not abundantly expresse verses sufficient*
and complete . . . without celestial intt irtetton."
Sir T. Etyot. Oovernour. bk. i., ch. xiii.
In stlnc'-tlve, a. [Eng. instinct; -Ive; Fr.
iiiasc, iwfinctir, fein. Distinctive.] Prompted by
instinct (q.v.); produced without deliber iti >!
or instruction or experience ; spontausous ;
impulsive.
" She ha* lost
Much of her vigilant instinctive dread,
Not needful here." Cotcper : Ttuft, Hi. S40.
in-sttnc'-tlve-l$r, adv. [Eng. instini-tive ;
-ly.] In an instinctive manner; by instinct ;
by natural impulse.
" From that low bench, rising ituHncttvtry,
I turned aside." Worttoworth . Excursion, bk. L
* In-Stlric -tiV-I-tjf, s. [Eng. instinctive);
ity,} 'Ihe quality or state of being instiiuaive
or prompted by instnirt.
"There la irritability, or, a letter word, inittnctMty
to animals. "Coleridje: Table Talk, May 2, 18:W.
* JEn'-8tinct-iy, culv. [Eng. instinct ; -ly.} In-
stinctively ; by instinct.
in stip' u-late, a. [Fref. in- (2), and Eug.
stipulate' &. (q.v.).]
Bot. : Destitute of stipules.
in sti tor' i al,a. [Mod. Lat. ins(itor(genit.
instltori(s) = a" consignee or factor; Eng. suif.
al.} (See the compound.)
institorlal power, s.
Scots Law : The charge given to a clerk to
manage a shop or store.
In'-stl tute, v.t. [Lat. institutes, pa. par. of
instituo : in- in, and statuo to place ; status
= a position; Fi 1 . instituer; Sp. instltutir ;
Ital. instituire.]
L Ordinary Language:
1. To set up, to establish, to ordain, to
enact, to put in force.
"To intdtnte and defende a false worship without
God's worde. " Joy 6 : Expatidon qf Daniel, lit.
2. To originate, to establish, to found.
"The end for which all gorerninenta had been in-
ttitutedSMncuulag: Hi*t.En>j., ch. xiv.
3. To set in operation ; to comuienee, to
start, to begin : as, To institute an inquiry.
* 4. To ground or establish in principles ;
to teach, to instruct.
*' A painful school in aster that hath In hand
To institute the fiower of all the land."
Sylvester : Dtt Bart<u. week 1., day 7.
* 5. To nominate, to appoint ; as to an office.
" We iiwtitutv your grace to be our regent"
Shaketp. : 1 Henry VI., IT. t.
IL Eccles. : To invest with the spiritual part
of a benefice or cure of souls.
"If the bishop hath no objections, but admits the
G trim's presentation, the clerk so admitted is next to
inititu'e-l by him ; which h a kind of investiture
of the spiritual oart of the benefice; for by institu-
tion the care of the souls of the i>arish is committed
to the charge of the clerk." Blackttone : Comment.,
bk. L, oh. S.
Tf To institute is to form according to a
certain plan ; to establish is to fix in a certain
position what has been formed ; tv found is to
lay the foundation ; to erect is to make erect.
Laws, communities, and particular orders,
are instituted ; schools, colleges, and various
societies, are established; a college is founded
and consequently erected : but a tribunal is
erected, but not founded. (Crabb : Eng. Synon.)
in'-Stt-tute, *. [Lat. instittitnm = that which
is instituted or established ; neut. sing, of
iiutitutus, i>a. par. of instituo = to institute
(q.v.) ; Fr. institut ; Ital. & Sp. institute.]
L Ordinary Language :
* 1. That which is established, ordained, or
settled ; an established law or order.
"Greek institu to* require
The nearest kindred on the funeral stage
The dead to lay." Glover: Athmaid, xxvt
* 2. A precept, a maxim, a principle.
"Thou art pale in nightly studies grown,
To make th' Stoick intCitutes thy own."
Drj/den ; I'ertitu, T.
*3. The act of instituting, ordaining, or
establishing ; institution.
"Water, sanotify'd by Christ's intitut t thought
little enough to wash oft the original spot." Milton :
Oftht tteform, in Knffland, bk. U
4. A scientific body ; a society or body esta-
blished under certain rules or regulations for
the promotion or furtherance of some par-
ticular object; a literary or philosophical
society or association ; specif, in France ap-
plied to the principal society of this kind,
formed in A.D. 179} by the union of the four
existing royal academies.
5. The building in which such a society
meets.
6. (PI.) A book of elements or priin-ipl-s ;
specif., a book containing the elum:Mt.s or
principles of a system of jurisprudence : as,
The Institutes of Justinian.
II. Scotj IMW : The person to whom the
estate is first given by dispensation or limita-
tion.
U Institutes of Medicine: That department of
the science of medicine which attempts to
account philosophically for the various phe-
nomena that present themselves during health
as well as in disease ; the theory of medicine
or theoretical medicine.
in'-stf-tut-er, s. [EK. institute); -r.]
I. One who institutes, establishes, or or-
dains.
*" 2. An instructor, a teacher.
" Neither did he this for want of better Instruction!,
having had the leamedeat and wiaect man reputed of
all Britain the inttltuter of his youth." MUlutt :
Sittory of England, bk. lii.
in-8tl-tu'-tion, *. IFr., from Lat. iiustitutio,
from inatitittus, pa. var. of instit no ; Sp. ijutti-
tucion ; Ital. instituzione.}
L Ordinary language ;
1. The act of instituting, establishing, or-
daiuing, or enacting.
" There is 110 right in this partition,
Ne was it so by intficutiou
Ordained first"
Spenser: Mother Rubbtrdt Tat, 144
2. The act of originating, establishing, or
founding; establishment, foundation.
3. The act of commencing, or setting in
operation : as, the institution of an inquiry.
* 4. Instruction, teaching, education.
"A short catechiam for the inttttutian of young
perions in the Christian religion." Jerenifi Ttti/lor.
5. That which is instituted, established, or
settled; an established order, law, regulation,
or custom; that which is enjoined by au-
thority to be observed ; an enactment.
"The bad institutions which lately afflicted our
country." J/acauIay : Silt, Eng.. ch. L
6. A society or association established for
the promotion or furtherance of some parti-
cular object, public, political, social, or educa-
tional ; an institute.
"About 750 students, mostly elementary teachers,
availed themselves of the privileges afforded by this
institution. " Batty fffwt, Sept. 12, 1881.
7. The building in which such a society
meets.
* 8. That which instructs ; a system of the
elements or rules of any art or science ; a
textbook.
9. That which forms a prominent feature in
social or national life.
II. Technically:
1. Eccles. ; The act or ceremony of institut-
ing or investing a clerk with the spiritual
part of a benefice, as the cure of souls.
" The certificate of the triers stood in the place both
of institution and of induction.." Mucuulay : ffist.
Xng.. ch. ti.
2. Law:
(1) English, dV. (PI.) : Laws, rites, and cere-
monies enjoined by authority as permanent
rules of conduct or of government.
(2) Civil Law: The appointment of a debtor
as heir of a testator.
3. Missions: A Christian educational estab-
lishment, with a school and college depart-
ment, for teaching young Hindoos ami Mnham-
madans the religion and science of the West,
chiefly through the medium of the English
tongue. (Chiefly Anglo-Indian.)
institution-system, s. pi.
Missions : The system of missionary opera-
tions which directs its main effort to the
founding and maintenance of ,an institution,
II. 3., in place of to street preaching. The Kev.
Dr. Alexander Duff, Missionary of the Church
of Scotland in Bengal, originated this method
of missionary operations in 1830, by founding
an institution at Calcutta. Othersuch institu-
tions followed at Bombay, Madras, Poouah,
Nagpore, &c. [MISSIONS.]
a. [Eng. institution; -ai.}
1. Pertaining or relating to institutions ;
instituted or enjoined by authority.
"Fictions, of which we meet with maay examples
In the aarly Roman history, and which we may call
institutional legends." tmait : CVud Early Human
Bitt. (1855), it. 46.
2. Pertaining or relating to elementary
knowledge ; elementary.
*fcl-ti-tu'-tion-9Hr#, a. [Eng. i
wry.]
1. Pertaining or relating to institutions;
institutional.
p6ut, Jrffcrl; cat, 96!!, chorus, chin, bcn<?h; go, fcem; thin, $hls; sin, as; expect, Xenophon, exist, -lag
-ten. -tin* = shan. -tion, -sion shun; -tion, -*ion - zhun. -tious, -clous, -sloua = shus. -tole, -die, &c. =- b$I, d*L
2696
Institutist instrument ary
1 Pertaining to or containing the first prin-
ciples or elements ; elementary.
"That it was not oat of fashion Aristotle declareth
in his Politicks, among the institutional^ rule* of
yonth." ArowiM.
3. Pertaining to institution to a preferment.
(MiK Austen : Mansfield Park, ch. xlvii.)
* In'-VtI-tat-XJrtt * [Eng. institute), s. ; -itt.]
A writer of institutes or elementary rules and
instruction.
" Green (mil the instituttsti would persuade ui to be
Ml effect of an over-hot stomach." Harvey On Con-
sumption.
*In'-*ti-tUt-Ive, a. [Fr. institute/; from Lat.
institutes, pa. par. of instituo ; Ital. & 8p. in-
stittttivo.]
1. Tending or intended to institute or esta-
blish.
2. Instituted by authority, established ; de-
pending on institution.
"[H| prefers a special reason of charity before AH
itutUunvc decency.! J/UUm : Doct. t Du. of Divorce.
bk. 11.. cb. v.
* In' sti tut ive-ly, adv. [Eng. instttutive;
-ly.} In accordance with au institution.
In'-Btl-tU-tor, s. [Lat., from institutus, pa.
par. of instituo=to institute (q.v.) ; Fr. in-
itituttur; Ital. institutore.]
I. Ordinary Lanyuage :
1. One who institutes, establishes, or enacts.
"Tbe contriver and instUutorot that law La things
MM.*-3Uf Orig. O/ Mankind, p. 348.
2. One who establishes or found*, as an
order, a society, &c.
" The wise instUutors of government . . . thought
religion necessary tn civil obedience," Btntlry ser-
mons. >0r. l.
*3. One who instructs or educates ; an in-
structor.
" The two great alms which every institutor of
youth should mainly and intentionally drive at"
Walker. (Todd.)
IL Eccles. : An ecclesiastical dignitary ap-
pointed by the bishop to institute a clerk Into
a benetice and cure of souls.
* in stitu tress, *. [Eng. institutor; -ess.]
A foundress. (Archival., xxL 549.)
* in-stop', v.t. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. stop
(q.v.).] To stop, to close up.
" With I -oiling pitch, another near at han>l,
From friendly Sweden bruu#iit, the seams insteps."
Dryden: Annus .virtibilis, cxlvii.
* in store , v.t. [Pref. in- (I), and Eng. store
(q.v.).J To store up, to comprehend, to com-
prise, to contain.
"And if ther be oiiy otliir maundement. It IB in-
ttortd in this word, thou schalt loue thi neighbore a*
tbl ult."H'wliffc; Rontant xii.
f in strat i f ied, a. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng.
stratified, pa. pur. of stratify (q.v.).J
Geol. : Stratified within something else;
interstratified ; not the suine as unstratiGed
(q.v.).
In stream ing, s. [Pref. in- (1); Eng.
stream, and stiff, -ing.] An access, a flowing
in. (G. Eliot : Daniel Deronda, ch. xl.)
In struct, v.t. [Lat. instructus, pa. par. of
imtruo = to build in, to put in order, to in-
struct : in- = in, into, and strtto = to build ;
Pi 1 , ft Ital. instruire; Sp. instruir.]
1. Ordinary Language :
* 1. To put or draw up in order ; to prepare,
to arrange.
" If any did oppose instructed swannes
Of men immayl'd."
Browne : Britannia's Pastoral*, bk. ii., s. 4.
2. To teach ; to inform the mind of ; to
educate; to indoctrinate.
" [She] taking by the hand that faeries sonne,
Can him instric-' in every good Wheat
Of love anil righteousness*. Spenser ; f. Q., I. x. 33.
3. To bid, to enjoin, to direct; to furnish
with orders or instructions.
"She, being before imtrttct>-tl of her mother, said,
Give me here John Baptist's bead on a charger."
Matthew xiv. 8.
H Technically:
1. Eng. Law : To convey information as a
Client to an attorney, or an attorney to coun-
sel ; to authorize one to appear as advocate for
another.
" Mr. 8. appeared for the debtor, and stated that a
balance would be left sufficient to pay a composition of
5*. in the pound, which he was instructed to offer."
Jorfly A'evx, Sept. 12, 1884.
2. Scots IMW : To adduce evidence in sup-
port of; to confirm, to vouch, to verify : as,
To instruct a claim against *. bankrupt.
* in struct', a. [INSTRUCT, .]
1. Furnished, equipped.
" Ships instruct with oars." Chapman.
2. Instructed, taught.
" Where the Boules might be kept for a space to be
taught and instruct." Tyndatt : Workes. p. 486.
In-fltrao'-ter, *. [INSTRUCTOR.]
1 in struc toss, <. {Eng. instruct; -ess.] An
instructress. (Braithwaite : Eng. Gentleman.
1>. 4:1.)
* in struc'-ti-ble, a. FEng. instruct; -able.]
That may or can be instructed ; teachable,
docile ; capable of instruction.
in struc tion, s. [Fr., from Lat. instructio
a I'lacing in order, from instructus, pa. par.
otinstruo; Sp. instruccion ; Ital. instruzione.]
L Ordinary Language :
* 1. The act of furnishing or equipping ;
equipment
2. The act of instructing, teaching, or in-
forming the understanding ; education, infor-
mation.
"Induced to recyae perfect instruction In these
sciences.' 1 Mr T. Bigot : Goeernour, bk. L. ch. vtti.
3. That which is communicated for the pur-
l>ose of instructing or teaching; a precept, a
lesson.
" In every rill a sweet instruction flows."
Young : Love of fame, sat li.
4. Direction, order, command, injunction ;
information or directions how to act in parti-
cular cases.
"U Is possible that Kldd may at tint have meant to
act in accordance with In* instructions" Macaulay :
attt. Eng.. cb. xxv.
IL Eng. Law (PI.): Information conveyed
by a client to a solicitor, or by a solicitor to
counsel for the purpose of carrying on legal
proceedings.
"Counsel had been engaged* for the defendant, but
time had uot allowed of proper instructions to be
given." Daily Ttt^graph, Sept. 11. 1884.
T Instruction is a piling up more or less know-
ledge viewed as if it were brought into the
mind from without ; education is the develop-
ment of the mental powers themselves, or
whatever may tend thereto. The latter is in-
calculably the more important of the two.
* in struc tion-al, a. [Eng. instruction ;
al.] Pertaining to instruction or education ;
educational.
Jn-strtic'-tlve, a. [Eng. instruct; -ive ; Fr.
instruct^.] Conveying or intended to convey
instruction.
" Say, Memoi? thou. from whose unerring tongue
Instructive flows the aulnutted song."
Falconer : Sltipwreck, ill
3tn-truc'-tive-ly, adv. [Eng. instructive;
-ly.] In an instructive manner; so as to con-
vey instruction.
ln-struc -tive-ness, s. [Eng. instructive;
-ness.] The quality or state of being in-
structive ; power of conveying instruction.
in struc tor, s. [Lat, from instructs, pa.
par. otinstruo; Fr. instructeur; Ital. instrwt-
tore; Sp. instructor.] One who teaches or
instructs ; a teacher ; one who imparts know-
ledge to another.
"She hath beene the instructor of his wife, and
causer of a great parte of his felicitie." Vines: In-
struction of a Christian Woman, bk. U., ch. xiv.
* In- struc -tress, * in-strac'-trce, *.
[Eng. instructor; -ess, -ice.] A female who
instructs ; a preceptress, a tutoress.
" Knowledge also, as a perfeyte fnstntctrtet and
" -:TheG " *" '
maatresse." Sir T. Slyot :
e Governour, bk. iiL.ch. iit
in stru ment, 5. [Fr., from Lat instru-
mentnm t from instrtto = to build up, to pre-
pare ; Fr. & Sp. instmmento. ]
L Ordinary Language :
1. That by means of which work is done or
anything is effected ; a tool, a utensil, an im-
plement.
2. A scientific or mechanical apparatus or
contrivance : as, optical instruments, astro-
nomical instruments.
3. A mechanical contrivance, constructed
for giving out musical sounds, as an organ, a
pianoforte, &c,.
" By virtue of that sacred instrument,
His harp." Wordsworth : Excursion, bk. IL
4. An agent, an author.
'* Yet was not Conrad thus by nature sent
To lead the guilty guilt's worst instrument,"
Byron : Coriair, i. U.
5. One who is subservient or helps towarda
the execution of any plan or purpose ; a tooL
" Kftsooue* supposed him a person meet
Of his revenge to make the instrument."
3p*nter: F. V-. H- ill. U.
6, The means by which any object or pur-
pose is effected.
" Improve* the art* and instrument* of rage."
Waller : Instructions to a Painter. 3M.
II. Technically:
\. L<iw : A document or writing, as the
means of giving formal expression to an act ;
a writing expressive of some act, contract,
process, or proceeding, as a deed, a contract,
a writ, &c.
" Burnet however had, under the authority of thta
instrument, been consecrated." Macaulatj : Bitt.
Eng., ch. xi.
2. Music : Any mechanical contrivance for
the production of sound. The musical instru-
ment employed are divided into the following
classes stringed, wind, and pulsatile. The
stringed instruments are the pianoforte and
older instruments of its kind which are played
by means of a clavier or key-board ; the guitar
and others whose strings are struck or plucked
by the fingers ; and the violin class flayed
with a bow. Wind instruments are of wood
or metal ; those that art- of wood in ordinary
use are the flute, piccolo, hautboy, cor anglais,
clarionet, l>asset horn, and liassoon ; those that
are of metal are the horn, trumpet, cornet-a-
piston, trombone, pphicleide, saxhorn, bom-
bardon, &c. The pulsatile or percussion instru-
ments are the kettle-drums, great drum, side
drum, triangle, cymbals, and tambourine.
^[ Instrument and tool are both employed tr>
express the means of producing an end ; they
differ principally in this, that the former is
used mostly in a good sense, the latter only in
a bad sense, for persons. Individuals in high
stations are often the instruments in bringing
about great changes in nations ; spies and in-
formers are the worthless tools of government.
in stru ment'-al, a. [Fr., from Lat. instru-
mentvm; Sp. & "Port, instrumental; Ital. in-
strumental.]
1. Conducive as an instrument or means to
some end or object ; contributing or tending
to contribute to the promotion or carrying out
of an object ; helpful, serviceable, aiding.
" From instrumental causes proud to draw
Conclusions retrograde." Cowper; Task, lit 238,
2. Pertaining to, or produced by instru-
ments, esiecially musical instruments: as, in-
strumental music, as distinguished from vocal
music, which is produced by the human voice.
" With heavenly touch of instrumental sounds."
Mitten: P. L., Iv. 686.
* In stru ment al ise, v.t. [Bag. instru-
mental; -ise.] To "make, to build up, to con-
struct.
"Ood first instrumentalited* perfect body." Adamt:
Works, Hi. H7.
in-stru-menf-al-ist, s. [Eng. instrument-
al; -ist.] One who plays upon a musical in-
strument.
" How seldom 1s It that English instrumentalists *n
permitted tbe opportunity of appearing as soloists."
Athenaum, Nov. 1883. p. 575.
in strumen-tal'-I-ty, s. [Eng. instntmei*
tal ; -ity.] The quality or state of being in-
strumental; subordinate or auxiliary agency
towards an end ; means, agency.
"The government was able, through their instru-
mentality, to fine, imprison, pillory, and mutilate
without restraint. -Xacaulay. Hist. Eng.. ch. L
* in stru ment al ly, adv. [Eng. instru-
mental; -ly.]
1. By means of an instrument or instruments.
"I took the height of It instrumental^, standing
near the sea side." /ioyle : Works, v. 709.
2. In the nature of au instrument ; as means
to an end.
" As often as it Is supposed to act inttrumentatts/
for our Justification." Jfetson : Life of B&. Bull.
3. With instruments of music.
* in stru ment al ness, s. [Eng. instru-
mental; -ness.] The quality or state of being
instrumental ; instrumentality ; usefulness a*
means to an end.
" The instrumentalnets of riches to works of charity."
Hammond. (Richardson.)
In-Stra-me'ntf-ar-y, a. [Eng. instrument;
ary.}
1. Ord. Lang. : Conducive towards an end
or object ; instrumental.
2. Scots Law : Of or pertaining to a legal in-
strument, as instrumentary witnesses.
ftte, fat, fare, amidst, what, fall, lather ; we, wet, here, camel, her, there ; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine ; go, p*
*>r, wore, wolf, work, who, sin ; mute, cab, cure, unite, oar, rale, fall ; try, Syrian, w, o> = e ; ey = a. qa = kw.
_
instrumentation insulator
2697
ItVStru-men-ta'-tlon, . [Eng. instrument;
-at ion.]
* L Ordinary Language :
1. The act of employing as an instrument.
2. Instruments collectively ; a combination
or set of instruments used as a means to an
end ; agency, instrumentality.
H Music:
1. The art of using several musical instru-
ments in combination ; also, the style or treat-
ment of orchestral instruments with a view to
the production of special effects. [ORCHES-
TRA, SCORING.]
2. The art or manner of playing on an in-
strument.
3. The music arranged for performance by
number of instruments in combination.
"For the careful workmanship shown in the treat-
inent of Scotch melodies, and for Its effective inttru-
mentation." Atheiiatum, April 28, 1883, p. M9.
* In'-stru-ment-Ist, s. [Eng. instrument;
-int.] A performer upon a musical instrument ;
an instrumentalist.
* in style', * in-stile, v.t. [Pref. in- (i),
and Eng. style (q.v.).] To style, to call, to
name, to entitle.
" She Frosh well after bight, then Black water tntfyled."
Drayton : Poly-Olbion. B. 19.
* In-suaV-i-t^ (u as w) f s. [Pref. in- (2),
and Eng. suavity (q.v.).J Want of suavity ;
unpleasantness ; disagreeableness.
"All fears, griefs, suspicion*, Inibonitiea, intua.fi-
tiM." Burton: Anat. of Melancholy, p, 215.
* In sub J6c tion. s. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. subjection (q.v.)/] Want of subjection
or obedience ; disobedience.
* in-siib-merg'-i'-ble. a. [Pref. in- (2); Eng.
submerge, and suff. -able.] Incapable of being
submerged.
11 in sub mi ssion, s. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. submission (q.v.).]] Want of submission
or subjection ; disobedience.
In sub ord -f-nate, a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. subordinate (q.v.).] Not subordinate ;
not submissive to authority ; disobedient, un-
ruly, riotous.
in sub ord I-na -tion, s. [Pref. in- (2),
and Eng. subordination (q.v.).J The quality
or state of being insubordinate ; disobedience, ,
disorder, unruliness.
"Acts of astonishing insubordination marked the
whole line of march." Edin. lire., Jan., 1871, p. 26.
* in siib stan tial (ti as an), * in sub
stan tiall (ti as sh), . [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. substantial (q.v.) ; Fr. insubstantial.]
Not substantial ; not real ; unsubstantial ;
having no substance ; unreal.
" Like this insubstantial! pageant faded."
Shaketp, : Tempett, iv. 1.
In-sub-stan-ti-al -I-t^(tiasshJ), .
[Pref. in- (2), and Eng. substantiality (q.v.).]
Unsubstantially.
* In-SUC-ca -tion, s. [Lat. insuccatus, pa.
par. of insiicco= to dip in, to moisten in- =
in, into, and succus = juice, moisture.] Tlie
act of soaking or moistening ; maceration ;
solution in the juice of herbs.
* In-SUC-oess'-ful, a. [UNSUCCESSFUL.]
In suck en, a. [Pref. in- (1), and Eng.
tucken (q.v.).]
Scots Law : A term applied in the servitude
of thirlage to those multures exigible from
the suckeners or parties astricted to the mill.
These multures, having been originally com-
posed In part of a premium to the proprietor
Of the mill, exceed in amount what may be
called the market value of grinding.
* in sue', v.i. [ENSUE.]
in sue-tude (u as w\s. [Lat. insuetudo,
from insuttus = unaccustomed.] The quality
or state of being unaccustomed or unused ;
unusualness ; absence of use or custom.
tn-suf'-fer - a- ble, o. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
sufferable (q.v.); Sp. insufrible ; Ital. insoffri-
Mk.]
1. Intolerable, insupportable, unendurable ;
not to be borne or endured, as insufferable
heat.
" Perccirimg still her wrongs insufferable were.**
Drayton : Poly-Olbian, s. vL
2. Disgusting beyond endurance; detestable.
in siif '-fer-a-ba?, adv. [Eng. insufferable) ;
ly.] In an insufferable manner or degree ; to
a degree beyond endurance.
.
"For want of being very good, absolutely and in-
fferably bad." Surd : Harac* ; Art of Paltry. (Oom-
eutj
tuffe
* in suf f Jc -ien9e, ln-siif-f io-ien-c^
(o as sh), * in suf fis aunce, 5. [Lat. in-
fufficientia, from insufficient = insufficient ; in-
= not, and sufficiens = sufficient (q.v.); Sp.
insuficiencia ; Fr. insuffisance ; ItaL insuffi-
cienzia. ]
1. The quality or state of being insufficient,
deficient, or inadequate ; deficiency, inade-
quateness, shortcoming.
"Owing, not to any absolute insufficiency of the
light of nature itself." Clark : Evidence*, prop. 7.
2. Want of capacity, ability, power, strength,
or skill ; incapacity, incompetence.
"We should address ourselves to him by prayer, to
acknowledge our own insufficiency." GlanviU: Ser-
man*, ser. !.
m suf fic lent (c as sh), * in suf fis
aunce, a. jLat. insufficient, from in- = not,
and sufficient = sufficient (q.v.) ; Ital. & Port.
insufficiente ; Sp. insujiciente ; Fr. insuffisant]
L Ordinary Language :
1. Not sufficient ; deficient ; inadequate to
to any need, use, or purpose.
" But a single hand Is insufficient for such a harvest"
Dryden : Etnnora. (Dedfc.)
2. Wanting in capacity, ability, power,
strength, or skill ; incapable, incompetent.
II. Chancery usage (of an answer): Not reply-
ing to the specific charge.
in-suf-flc' ient-iy (o as sh), adv. [Eng.
insufficient; -ly.] In an insufficient manner or
degree ; not sufficiently ; inadequately ; with-
out proper or needful ability, capacity, or
power.
" As insufficiently, and to say truth, as Imprudently
did they provide by their contrived liturgies. Fj JrtttoH.-
Animad, on the Remonxt. Defence.
* In suf flate , v.i. [Lat. insuffiatus, pa. par.
of insuffio = to breathe upon.] To breathe or
blow upon anything.
in suf fla tion, s. [Lat. insuffiatio, from in-
suffiatus, pa. par. of insuffio : in- = in, on, and
su$o = to blow or breathe.]
* 1. Ord. Lang. : The act of blowing or
breathing upon.
"That divine insitflation, which Christ has used to
them In conferring the Holy Ghost." Hammond :
Workt, 1. *9.
2. Rom. Cath. Church. : The breathing, by the
priest administering baptism, into the face of
the recipient of the sacrament, to signify the
new spiritual life which is to be breathed into
his soul.
in' suf fla-tor, s. [INSUFFLATE.] An instru-
ment for blowing burned alum or other powder
into the laryux or other deep-seated part.
* ln-suit-a-bfl'-I-t& a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. suitability (q.v.).] Want or absence of
suitability ; unsuitability.
" This strange countenance and gait amazed Don
Ferdlnandii ami his companions very much, seeing his
ill-favoured visage so withered ami yellow the ine-
quality and the ixsuitabilify of hut arms aim his grave
manner of proceeding." Shclton: Don Quixote, bk. iv.,
ch. x.
* in-suit a-ble, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
suitable (q.v,).] Not suitable.
" Circumcisiuii, and many other rites of the Jewish
worship, seemed to him intuitablc to the divine na-
ture." Burnat ; Life of Rocltetter.
in su-lar, a. & s. [Lat. insufaris, from in-
sula'= an island ; Fr. insulaire; Sp. & Port.
insular. ]
A. As adjective :
1. Of or pertaining to an island ; of the
nature of an island ; surrounded with water.
2. Of or pertaining to the inhabitants of an
island ; narrow ; contracted ; not broad or
liberal.
" The relief given to the mind In the penury of in-
tutor conversation to a new toplck." Jonnton : Jour-
ney to the Wettern Islands.
* B. As subst. : One who lives in an island ;
an islander.
" Our insulan, who act and think to much (or them-
selves." Berkeley: Slrit, S 1<W.
Meteorol. : Such a climate as exists in an
island. The sea tempers the heat of summer
and the cold of winter. Opposed to a conti-
nental or excessive climate.
in-su-lar -I-tjr, [Fr. inndariU, from in-
sulaire = insular (q.v.).]
1. The quality or state of being or consist-
ing of an island or islands.
" He discovered the Society Islands ; determined th*
insularity ol New Zealand." Coot: Third Vayaye. bk.
T.. ch. ui
2. Narrowness or contractedness of viewi
or opinions natural to those who live in an
island.
* an'-sn-lar-iy, adv. [Eng. insular ; -ly.] In
an insular manner.
* in'-su-lar-jf, a. [Fr. insulaire.] The same
as INS'ULA'R (q.v.).
" But these nre the natural effect* of parity, popular
libertinism, and intulary manners. "Kvdyn: A Char-
acter qf England.
in su late, v.t. [Lut. insulatus made into
an island, and insult = an island.]
I. Ordinary Language :
1. To form into an island ; to make an is-
land of.
"There may perhai'ti be reason to suspect nre tu have
been a principal agent In the formation of this inu-
latfd mountain. "Swinburne: Sptiin, let 8.
2. To place in a detached situation or posi-
tion, so as to have no communication with
surrounding objects or other bodies.
3. To detach from others ; to isolate.
"The regicide power finding each of them insulated
and unprotected, with great facility gives the law to
them all." Burke : Regfaule Peace, let. L
II. Elect. Thermotics : To interpose non-
conductors so as to prevent the passage ol
electricity or heat to or from a body.
in -su lat-ed, pa. par. & a. [INSULATE.]
1. Ordinary Language :
* 1. Formed into an island.
2. Detached from others ; standing by it-
self ; not contiguous to other bodies ; isolated,
" Spirit that knows no imitated spot.
No chasm." Wordtvxtrth : Excursion, bk. Ix.
H Technically:
1. Astron. : Situated so far apart from other
heavenly bodies that the mutual attraction
between it and them is imperceptible. (Young.)
2. Elect. & Thermotics : Separated from other
bodies by the interposition of non-conductors.
insulated column, s.
Arch. : A column unconnected with any
wall or building.
Insulated- wire, s.
1. A wire suspended by insulators (q.v.) so
as to prevent the electric current from going
to earth.
2. A wire wrapped with silk or clothed with
gutta-percha or caoutchouc to prevent the es-
cape of the electric current. Among the best
insulators are dry air, shellac, sulphur, resins,
gutta-percha, caoutchouc, silk, dry fur, glass.
[INSULATOR.]
in su lat ing, pr. par., a., & s. [INSULATE.!
A. & B. As pr. par. & particip. adj. : (Se
the verb).
C. As subst. : The same as INSULATION (q.v.).
Insulating-- Stool, s. A stool with glass
legs to insulate a person or an object placed
thereon.
In-su-la'-tlon, s. [Eng. insul(ate); -ation.]
I. Ord. Lang. : The act of insulating or de-
taching from other bodies ; the state of being
insulated ; isolation.
IL Technically:
1. Chem. : The act of setting free from com-
bination with other substances ; the state of
being so set free.
2. Elect. : The act of preventing the passage
of electricity to or from a body by the inter-
position of a son-conductor.
3. Thermotics : The interposition of a non-
conductor of heat to prevent its passage to or
from a body.
In'-SU-la-tor, s. [Eng. inaulatfa); -r.]
L Ord. Lang. : One who or that which in
lates.
IL Technically:
1. Elect. : A non-conductor of electricity so
placed as to insulate a body.
2. Thermotics: A non-conductor of heat
placed so as to prevent the passage of heat to
or from a body.
boil,
pout, jortrl; cat, 90!!, chorus, chin, bench ; go, gem; thin, (his; sin, as; expect, Xenophon, exist. ph = C>'
-tlon, -sion = shun ; -(ion, -$ion - zhun. -clous, -tious, sious = shus. -ble, -die, &c. - bel, del
fnstilous insurrection
* in'-SU-lous, a. [Lat. insulosus, from inwla
= an island.] Abounding in islands.
* In sul phurcd, a. [Pref. in- (1), Eng.
uhj/iur, and surf. ~ed.\ Charged with sulphur ;
Milphurous.
"Metre heat*
Of aire tauulptuured" Handy* : Travel*, p. 366,
*m SUlso. a, [Lat. insulsus, from in- ~ nnt,
ami salsus = salty ; sal = salt ; Ital. A 8p. in-
wlso.} Dull, insipid, heavy.
"The Hasoreth* aud Rabbinical Scholiast* . . .
gave u* this intuit'- rule oat of their Taltn ad. " JNttcm.*
Apology for Smectymnuut.
*Ih-BUls'-i-ty, s. [I At. insulsitas, from fo-
Mt/ud tanteless t insipid.] Dulueas, insi-
pidity, stupidity.
"To Justify the councils of God and fate from the
intuit it y of inurtal touguea," Milton : Doctrine 4
DUcip. of Divorce, bk, if. ch, lit
lA'-sult, * In suit , *. [O. Fr. intuit (Fr. in-
tulle), from Lat. insultits, pa. par. of insilio =
to leap upon ; Ital. i. Sp. insulto.]
* L The act of leaping upon.
" The bull's insult at four she might sustain ;
But after ten. from miptinl riles refrain."
In-Hdtn; Virgil-, Oeorftc lit M.
*2. An attack.
"Many a m<le tower and rampart there
Repelled the intuit of tlie nir."
Scott: Marmton, vi 2.
8. Gross abuse offered to another, either by
word cr deed ; an act or speech of insolence
or impudence ; an affront, an indignity.
if tliem offered hit
: Hist. Eng.. ch. i
in suit, v.t. A i, [Fr. intulter, from Lat. in-
fuito = to leap upon : in-- = In, on, and salio
=5 to spring, to leap; Bp, inniUar; IU1. in*
A. Transitive:
X. Ordinary Language .'
* 1. To leap upon ; to trample on or down.
"The sacred pomp trodden under foot, intuited."
gka.fr ftkury : .Vitcrtl. Kejtettiont, ch. i.. mil. 2.
2. To treat with gross indignity, insolence,
or contempt ; to abuse, to affront.
" But why intuit the poor, affront the f?reat f *
Pope : 1'rol. to .sot. MO.
* II. Mil. : To make a sudden, open, and
told attack upon.
B. Intransitive :
* 1. To leap upon or about.
** Far from the cows and goaU' tnmtitintj crew.
That trample down tin- flowers, and brush the dew."
Dryden: Virgil; (ieorgic \v. 14.
1 2. To behave with insolence ; to make use
' of abuse or insults.
1 If To insult over : To triumph with Inso-
lence ; to exult insultingly over.
in sulf-ance, s. [Lat. insultant, pr. par.
Of insulto.] Insult, insolence.
" Jiuultance vsde ;
Cyclop t thou shonldat not haue so much abusda
Thy iiiuustrous forces."
Chapman : Banter; Odyuey Ix.
* Xn-SUl-ta'-tion, . [Lat. insultatio, from
insalto = to leap upon.] The act of instilling,
abusing, or treating with violence and insult ;
ieult.
" Wee should not have so much cause of shame and
sorrow, nor our adversaries of triumph and intuittt-
aM."Bp. HaU: Phttritaimne A Ckritlianirte.
Innsult er, a. [Eng. insult; -er.J One who
insults another ; an insolent or abusive person.
" The defender of religion should not Imitate the tn-
mlterot It in Ma modes of disputation." Warburton:
Doctrine of (trace. (Pref)
In suit Ing, pr. par., a., & s. [INSULT, v.]
A* As pr. par. : (See the verb).
B. As adj. : Containing, using, or convey-
ing abuse or insult.
" Bout not my fall (he cried) intuiting foe.'
Pvpe : Rape of the Lock, v. 97.
C. As svbst. : The act of treating with in-
sult or violence ; an insult, insolence.
"(.'ranmer's recantation was presently printed, and
occasioned almost initially great intuiting* on the one
hand. Hud detection on the other." Ournet: Silt.
Reform, (an. 15W).
ta-BUlt'-ing ly, adv. [Eng. insulting; -1y.]
In nn insulting manner ; with insults, abuse,
or insolence ; insolently.
"Here, said they insultingly, is a specimen of that
truly liberal spirit." Ilurd : On (he Delioacy of
* in-sult'-ment, s. [Eng. insult; -ntent.} The
act of iiiuulting ; insult.
" lie ou the ground, my speech of tntnltntent nded
m hl dend body."-Sfca*<wp- ' Cymbflint, III. -
* In sumo', v.t. [I^at. insumo ; in- = in, into.
and sumo = to take.] To take or receive In.
" The etnulgent relna. which intttmc atid convey the
~ oartohnint to Uw whole tree.' 9*9* ; Bglva.
*Jn-u-per-a-bn'-I-t^, . [Eng. insuper
able; -i/?/.] The quality or state of beiitg in
superable.
In-su'-per-a-ble, a. [Fr., from Lftt intu.
prat>ilis t from in- =. not, and supero = to <n-er-
come ; super = abcve ; Sp. insvperablf ; Ital.
intuperahile.] Impossible to be surmounted,
got over, or overcome ; insurmountable, in-
vincible,
" She meets the irwM/wa&fo bar."
Wordtwortk; White Doe, \^.
Xn-sn'~per-a-l>le-nsa, s. [Eng. inmper-
able; -ness.] The quality or state of being in-
aujieralile; insuperability; insurmountability;
invincibility.
In-SU'-pir-g,-bl$f t adv. [Eng. inavptrabtfe) ;
-/;/.) In an msuperable manner or degree ; so
as to be insuperable; insurmountably; In-
vindbly.
"Many who toll through the Intricacy of coropll*
oatd sytmn are intvpcrubfit embttrramed with the
least perplexity in common affair*." Aamiftr, No 160.
in sup port-a-ble, a. [Fr., from ln- =
not, and supportable = supportable (q.v.) ; 8p.
importable ; Ital. iiwopjwrtaiite.J Not sup-
portable ; Incapable of being borne or en-
dured ; unendurable, insufferable, intolerable.
" In winter the cold was often
u/of ; UUt. Sag., cb. ill.
In sup port a ble ness, 0. fEng.
portaJile ; -n**s.} The equality or state of being
Insupportable ; iutolerablenexs.
Then fell she to so pitiful a declaration of the in-
portabieitfm of her dealrea,*~5uJn< > y : Arcadia,
In sup-pbrt'-a-biy, adv. [Eng. insvpport-
db(le); -ly.] In an insupportable manner or
degree ; so as to be insupportable ; intolerably,
beyond endurance.
"The Journey would be tnttipportably tediona,"
Maeauttty: ffttt. Knj.. ch. lit.
* In sup-pos'-a We, a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. avpposable (q.v.). J Not ipposable ; in-
capable of being supposed.
in-up-pres i ble, a. rpref. in- <2), and
Eng. svppressible (q.v.).J Not suppressible ;
that cannot be suppressed, concealed, or kept
oat of sight
" Which, when once known, U tntuj/pr'-uibie.'
Tom* ' On Original Compotitten.
in -sap- pre'- sJ-bly, adv. [Eng. insup-
pressuj(U); ~ly.] In a manner or degree that
cannot be suppressed, concealed, or kept out
of sight
* in sup pres -slve, a. [Fret in- (2), and
Eng. suppresslve (q.v.).]
1. Not suppressive ; not tending to sup-
press.
2. Incapable of being suppressed ; insup-
pressible.
" The iiuuppreuirc mettle of our spirit*."
ulitu Cettar, it, L.
In siir'-a We (8 as sh), a. [Eng. insure);
-able.] Capable of being insured against loss,
damage, death, <tc. ; proper to be insured.
In siir an96 (8 as sh\ s. [Eng. intwrie);
-anee,]
1. The act of Insuring or assuring against
damage or loss ; a contract by which a com-
pany, in consideration of a sum of money paid,
technically called a premium, becomes bound
to indemnify the insured or bis representa-
tives against loss by certain risks, as fire,
shipwreck, &c. Insurance is with respect to
goods or property, the correlative of (tssurance,
with respect to life, but the distinction Is not
always observed. [ASSURANCE.]
* 2. The act of insuring or making certain ;
assurance ; that which assures or insures.
"Toe most acceptable insurance of the divine pro-
tectloii." Jficfct* : Bramin Philosophy.
3. The premium or consideration paid for
insuring life or property.
* 4. Engagement, betrothal.
" Do I not knowe afore of the tnturanrn
Betweene Oawyn Ooodlucke aud Chri-tlau Cu-
tance?" Uttal : Hoitter Itottter, \v. .
Insnr an co-broker, . One whose busi-
ness or profession it Is to insure or procure
insurances for vessels at sea or about to pro-
ceed on a voyage ; an underwriter.
ne oil tfii- Krritinu, my spepcn 01 mimrmmi auaeu : , .,
on M* dend body."-Sfca*<wp .- Cymbtline. III. 8. Ceed OH a Voyage ; an Underwnter. general iruurrec
fate, fat, fare, amidst, what, fall, father ; we, wet, here, camel, her, there ; pine, pit, s'i
or, wore, wplt work, whd, s6n; mute. cub. cure, unite, cur, rule, fall; try, Syrian, ae, ce
insurance -company, . A company
or corporation associated lor the j-uqmsc rf
insuring against loss or damage.
insurance - policy, s. The contract
under which a person or company become*
bound to indemnify the insurer against loss
or damage by certain risks.
* in - sur - an - 9er (s as sh), . (Eng. in-
turunc(e); -tr.] One who insures, an insurer "
spec-ill tally, an underwriter.
** The far-fiimd aculptor, and the laurelled bud.
Those bold hitu raiirvrt of df nthleas fame.
Supply their little feeble aids In vi:ii /'
tttair; Thr Grave.
in-sure', ' en siir e (s as sh), *en-mr-
en, v.t. & i. [O. Fr. en^tii. and aeur = sme
(q.v.).]
A. Transitive:
1. To make sure, certain, or secure ; to In-
sure, to assure.
**No present health can health frtrurv."
Cowper : Bill of Mortality. 1717.
* 2. To assure ; to inform positively,
" I insure you I neither will oor can cease to umk*."
Fr^th : Worke*, p. 115.
3. To assure or secure against possible loss
or damage in consideration of the payment of
a certain stipulated stun or premiums to as-
sure ; to make a snbject of insurance : as, To
insure life, to insure a house.
"They gare orders to their factor to take up at Am-
fc-r.hm is. 4oo Dutch pounds t inmre the siild ship."
Milton: To Ote Lordt of the United Proviticet.
B. Intrans. : To nndertakp to assure or
secure a person or persons agaiust loea or
damage ; to make insurances.
Jn-siir'-er (s as sh), *. [Eng. insur(e); -er.]
One who or that which insures ; {>ecif., one
who in cunsLidration of ft certain premium in*
sures another against loss or damage ; an in-
surance-broker ; an underwriter.
"The very moderate profit of
'o#A of JtationM. bk. I., ch. x.
* in surge', ' In so urge, v.i. ,
= to rise up.] To rise up, to rise.
"What mischief hath im<trged In realmea
tine devUiou. 1 Sail: Benrylt'. (lutrod.)
* in sur'-gen^e, in-sur'-gen-cy\ s. [Eng
insurgent; -cy.] The quality t>r state of beiag
insurgent ; a state of insurrection,
" The paJe narrow-chested opentlve of the city who
at once resounds to the faintest cry of inturgenee . "
Mojloclt Jietr Republic, bk. L. ch- lit
in sur'-gent, a. & $. (Lat. inswrgtns, pr. par.
of iiisiirgo to rise up : in- = iu, upyn, aad
turgo = to rise.]
* A. As adj. : Rising up against or in op-
position to th- established or lawful civil or
political authority, or against any constituted
government ; rebellious, rebel, insubordinate,
B. As sttbst. : One who rises Dp against or
In opposition to any established authority or
government ; a rebel.
" Taken the command of a regiment of intttrymtt.''
Jfacaulay : Hut. Eng., cb. vi,
in sur mount a bi! X ty, s. [Eng. tnrurv
mountable ; ~ity.] The quality or state of being
insuruioun U ible.
in-sur molint'-a-ble, o. fTr. insurmont-
able, from in- = not, and surmontaWt &
surmountable (q.v.).] That cannot be sur-
mounted, passed over, or overcome ; insupera-
ble, unconquerable, invincible.
"Perhaps those prejudices might not prove intur-
wtounlablv."Macaulaji : ffitt. nff., ch. vt,
in-sur-mount'-a ble n^ss, s. [Eng. in-
surmountable; -ness.] The quality or state of
being insurmountable ; insurmountability.
ln-sur-md"unt'-ar-bly t adv. [Eng. insur-
mountab(le) ; -ly.] In an insurmountable man-
ner or degree ; so as to be insurmountable.
in-siir-rec'-tion, * (La*, insttrrectto, from
insurrtctus, pa. i*r. of insurgo = to rise up ;
Fr. insurrection; 8p. insurreccion ; Ital. in-
eurrezione.}
* 1. The act or state of rising up ; a rising.
" Open to every inturrection of 111 bunonr." Bla Ir :
Sermons, vol. 1L, ser. 2.
2. The act of rising up against or In oppost-
tlon to civil or political authority ; open and
active opposition on the part of a number of
persons to established government and law ;
rebellion, sedition, revolt.
" But more than a century passed away without one-
general imurrection."i/acan.!aif : Hit'. Eng., ch. xvlL
rv, wet, licie, ui*uici, 11 ui. LIIUJ. u i piuu, pit, sire, sir, marine; go, pot*
cure, unite, cur, rule, fall ; try, Syrian, ae, ce e ; ey a.
Insurrectional integro-
2699
* 3. A rising In mass to oppose an enemy.
<f Insurrection Is general: it Is used In a
good or bad sense, according to the nature of
the power against which one rises up ; sedition
and rcVWon are more specific ; they are al-
ways taken in the bad sense of unallowed
opposition to lawful authority.
' ln-siir rec'-tlon-al, a. [Eng. insurrec-
tion; -al.] Of or pertaining to insurrection ;
consisting in insurrection.
* in-aur-re'c'-tion-a-r& o. fJSng. insur~
mction; -ary.] Pertaining to insurrection;
writable or fit for insurrection.
" Their murderous (n*rnft-rtonary system." flurt:
Rfjicide reuce. let. 4.
* In-sur-rec'-tion-er, . [Eng. insurrec-
tion; -cr.J A rebel, an insurgent. (North:
Examen, p. 418.)
t In-sur-re"c'-tion-Ist, *. [Eng. insurrec-
tion; -ist.] One who stirs up or promotes in-
surrection ; an insurgent ; a rebel.
* fca-Sur-reV-tCT, s. [Eng. insurrection) ;
-or.] The samo as Ixsrjj.^ECTiON'ER (q.v.).
" They not onely sided with his Gherontan inmrrec-
to-n."~HotoeU : Parly of Seat!*, p. 129.
ta-sus-$ep-ti-btt'-*-ty\ .". [Pref. in- (2),
and Eng. susceptibility (q.v.).J The quality
or et;ite of being insusceptible ; want of sus-
ceptibility ; incapacity to feel or perceive. .-.
in aiis-cep'-ti-ble, a. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. susceptible (q.v.).]
1. Not susceptible ; incapable of feeling, or
being moved, affected, or impressed by any
feeling or impression.
" Detached from pleasure, to the love of gain
Superior, inntnxptible vt uriOe.*
II ordmoortn : Excursion, bk. rl.
* 2. Incapable of receiving or admitting.
* i-sus-9ep'-tive t o. [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. susceptive (q.v.).] Not susceptive ; not
.susceptible ; insusceptible.
" All this had no effect ; the sailor was wholly insut-
cfj'tive of the softer passions, and, without regard to
tears or anniDtenta, persisted In hts resolution to make
me a man. fiambier. No. lus.
' in-su-sur-ra'-tion, s. [Lat. ineusiirratio,
from" inmgwrro = to whisper in : in- := in,
into, and susvrro = to whisper ; susurrus = a
whisper.] The act of whispering into any-
thing.
' in swa'the, v.t, [Pref. in- (1) and Eng.
swathe (q'.v.)/] To swathe in, to enwrap, to
infoM.
" Intwathed sometimes In wandering mist"
TVnnyftMi : St. Simeon StfHtn,
In- tact', a. [Lat. intactus, from in- = not,
and tactus, pa. par. of tango ^ to touch.] Un-
touched by anything likely to cause Injury or
damage ; uninjured, unharmed.
* in-tact-a-ble, in tict-i-ble, a. (Lat.
in- = not, and tactus = touch, from tango =to
touch ; Eng. adj. stiff, -able, -ible.] Not per-
ceptible to the touch.
* Intaglia (as In-toT~ya), . [INTAGLIO.]
* Intagliated (as in tal' yat cd >, a. [Is-
TAOLIO.] Engraved or carved upon,
* A species of astrotte. or starry-stone . . . deeply
{nffigfinted. or engraven like a seal" Warion: Bitt,
<tf Kiddington, p. 25.
Intaglio, * Intaglia (as in tal'-yo, iu-
tal'-ya), *. & a. [Ital., from intagliare =
" to engrave, to carve : in- in, into, and tag-
liare = to cut, from Low Lat. taleo = to cut
twigs ; Lat. talea = a twig.]
A. As subst. ; A cutting, an engraving ; a
figure cut or engraved into any substance ; a
precious stone with a figure cut or engraved
into it, so as to form a hollow. It is the
opposite to cameo (q.v.).
*' In vue-% flwer-tota, lain]*, aud sconces,
Intafflioi. cameos, gems, and bronzes."
Cau-tharne :.Thr Antiquarian!.
B. As adj. : Cut in ; as of the lines in an
engraved plate, the sunken letter in the
matrix of a type, the design in a seal, punch,
or die, which delivers a raised or cameo im-
pression.
In-tail', v.t A s. [ENTAIL.)
in take, s. [Pref. in- 0). and Eng. take (q.v.).]
1. That which Is taken in.
" I would forbid the water-companies to Increase
their intab-.-'Tirt*, July 21. 1884.
^T Davies (Sitpp. Gloss.) has an example from
Defoe (Tour Through i'-reat Britain, iii. 4), in
which intake = an enclosure of land from a
common.
2. The point at which a narrowing or con-
traction begins or takes place.
3. The point at which water is received
Into a pipe or channel : the opposite to outlet
(q.v.).
* In'-tak-er, . [Pref. in- (1), and Eng. taker
(q.v.)J A receiver of stolen goods ; a fence.
* in -tam'-I-na-t&d, . [Lat intaminatus,
from in- = not, and taminatut, pa. par. of
tamino = to contaminate (q.v.).] Not con-
taminated, uncontaminated.
"The Inhabitants use the antient and Intaminattd
Frlsic language." tt'uod; Athena Oxon. (f. Juniut.)
* In-tang-f bfl -i-t#, . [Pref. in- (2), and
Eng. tangibility (q.v.).] The quality or state
of being intangible.
* in-tang I ble, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
fangible (q.v.).] Not tangible ; incapable of
being touched or perceived by the touch ; im-
perceptible to the touch.
'* The means by which two bodies attract each other
may be invisible and intitnyible." Clarke: Leibnitz
fapert ; Fourth Kp1y.
* In-tangT-I ble-ngsa, s. [Eng. intangible ;
-ness.] The quality or state of being intangi-
ble ; intangibility.
41 In tangT-i bly, adv. [Eng. intangible) ;
-ly.] In an intangible manner ; so as to be in-
tangible.
In-tan'-gle, v.t. [ENTANGLE.]
* In-tast -a ble, o. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
testable (q.v.).] Incapable of being tasted ;
incapable of being perceived by the organs of
taste ; tasteless, unsavoury.
in'-te-ger, 5. & a. [Lat integer = untouched,
whole, entire : in- = not, and tag = root of
tango = to touch.]
A, As subst. : The whole of anything ; an
entire entity : specif, in arithmetic-, a whole
number as distinguished from a fraction ; that
is, a number which contains the unit 1 an
exact number of times.
* B. .-Is adj. : The same as INTEGRAL (q.v.).
" The nearest of small integer numbers that express
the proportion between the speoiflck gravities, of
quicksilver ami water." Boyle : Work*. 111. 202.
in-teg-ra-bil'-X-t^, s. [Eng. integrate; -ity.]
Possessing the capacity of being iutegrable.
" The equation x dx + y d x = y dy, which does not
possess the criterion of intcffraMlity. Thornton : Cal-
culus (1931), p. 148.
in'-te-gra ble, a. [Eng. integrate) ; -able ;
Fr. integrable.]
Math. : Capable of being Integrated.
" The second number of which being intcgrablt, the
first U also integrable." Thornton: Calculus (1831),
pi 149.
in'-te-graL a. & . [Lat. integer; Eng. adj.
suff. *al; Fr. integral; Ital. integrate; Sp. A
Port integral.']
A* As adjective :
L Ordinary Language:
L Whole, entire, complete, untouched ;
containing or comprising all the parts.
*' A local motion keepeth bodies integral, and their
parts together." Bacon : Natural flittory.
* 2. Making up or constituting the whole ;
completing.
"Ceasing to do evil, and doing rood, are the two
great integral parts that complete this duty." Sawth :
Serjnom, vol. 11.. ser. 8.
II. Mathfmatics :
1. Of or pertaining to or being an integer or
whole number.
2. Pertaining to or proceeding by integra-
tion (q.v.).
B. As substantive :
I. Ord. Lang. : A whole ; an entire entity ;
in integer.
"They all make up a most magnificent and stately
temple, aud ever}' integral thereof full of wonder."
Bale : Orig. of Mankind, p. 872.
U, Mathematics :
1. An integer, a whole number.
2. In calculus, an expression which, being
differentiated, will produce a given differen-
tial. [INTEGRAL-CALCULUS, INTEGRATION.]
Integral calculus, s.
Math. : A branch of mathematics, the con-
verse of the differential calculus. Having a
given or known differential ; the integral cal-
^nlus has for its object to find a function sunh
that, being differentiated, it will produce the
given differential. Such expression is called
the integral of the differential. The operation
of finding the primitive function or integral
is called integration (q.v.). Besides the me-
thod of finding the integrals of given differen-
tials, the integral calculus is also applied t
various branches of mathematics, as well aa
to almost every branch of natural philosophy
and engineering.
' !n-t*-grftr-X-t& 5. [Eng. integral; -Uy.]
The quality or state of being integral , entire-
ness.
* In'-tS-gral-l^, adv. [Eng. integral; -iy.]
In an integral nianuer ; wholly, completely.
" We should choose vertue with great freedome ol
spirit, and pursue It earnestly, integrally." Taylor:
Great fxmnplar, pt. ii., f 26.
in'-tS-grant, a. [Lat. integrans, pr. par. of
integro ~ to make whole ; integer = whole ;
Fr. integrant.] Making part of a whole;
necessary to constitute a whole or entire entity.
" Let the integrant parts of a continuum be more or
leu finite or infill it* in uumber." floyrt: Workt. \. 147.
integrant - molecules, integrant -
parts, integrant-particles, s. j>l.
Crystallog. : The name given by Haiiy to the
smallest particles into which a crystal can be
brought by mechanical sub-division, without
losing its essential character. (Haiiy : Nat.
Phil. (ed. Gregory), 89, &c.)
in'-te-grate,r.f. [Lat. integratus, pa. par. of
integro = to make whole ; integer = whole.)
1. Ordinary Language :
* 1. To make whole or entire ; to form one
whole ; to complete.
"All the world must grant that two distinct sub-
stances, the soul aim the body, go to compound and
integrate the mini. ' South : Sermon*, vol. vii.. ser. L
2. To indicate the whole ; to give the sum
or total : as. An integrating anemometer ig
one which indicates the entire force of the
wind exerted within a given time.
II. Math. : To determine from a differential
its primitive function ; to find the Integral of
a given differential. [INTEGRATION.]
in to-gra'-tion, s. [Fr. integration; Sp. in-
tegracion,; Ital. integrazione.] [iNrEGUATK.]
* 1. Ord. Lang.: The act or process of
making whole or entire.
2. Math. : The operation of finding the in-
tegral of a given differential. [CALCULUS.)
The symbol of integration is this,/, which is
only a particular form of the letter s, which
originally stood for the word summa, or sum.
In fact, the integral is the sum of all the
differentials, these being infinitely small. For
integrating between limits, the symboly is
used, and is read, the integral between the
limits a and b, the subtractive limit being
written at the bottom of the symbol.
In-t6g'-rf-t^, * in-teg-ri-tie, s. tFr. in-
tegrite, from Lat. integritatem, accus. of <-
tegritas soundness, blamelessness, from in-
teger = whole, blameless ; Sp. integrulad ;
Ital. intf.grita.]
1. The quality or state of being whole, en-
tire, or complete ; entirenesa, completeness ;
unbroken state.
" One entiere bodye, that Is to wltte, the very lynrile
natural! glorious bodye of our Snuiur Oln ist liimself,
to the integritie whereof the blovul of tin- ttame per>
teyueth, and whereof It Is nowe an inseparable parte."
-Sir T. More: Workt. p. 1,8:17.
2. Purity ; genuine, unadulterated state.
" Language continued long in its purity and in-
t*3rit]/*-BaU. (Todd.)
3. Moral soundness, purity; uprightness or
honesty in dealings with others ; probity, rec-
titude, incorruptibility, high principle.
*' Both of them men of integrity and both of then
men uf parts." Macauluy : Hist. Eng., ch. xxlr.
In-te-gr<K pref* [Lat, integer, fern, integra,
neut. integrwn= entire.)
Zoo/., t&c. : Entire.
Integro-pallial, a. Having the pallia!
line or the impression entire.
Integro-pallialia, s. pi.
Zool, ; A sub- section of Conchiferons Mol-
luscs having the palliitl line i.e., the line or
impression left upon the shell by tb r mantle
simple. It contains the families >strciila.-,
Aviculidee, Mytilidse, Arcadee, Trigortiadae,
boil, bo^; pout, jtf^krl; oat, cell, chorus, chin, bench; go, gem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, Xenophon, eitlst. Ing,
clan, -tian - ahan, -tion* -sion ~ shun ; -tion, -slon = zhun. -Uou, -lous. -clous = onus, -ble, -die, &c. = bel. dfl
roo
integumation intemerate
Unionid86,Chamid8e,Hippuritid,Tridacnidfie,
Cardiadse, Lucinidse, Cycladid, and Cyprin-
Idffi. (S. P. Woodward?)
tn-tSg-u-ma'-tton, s. [Eng. integum(ent);
ation.] The dejwrtment of physiology which
treats of the integuments of animals or plants.
tn-teg'-u ment, s. [Lat. integume-.Uum = a
covering ; Fr. integument.]
L Ord. Lang. : Any covering.
"[Pallaa 1 rendered him an aged man agalite,
With all his vile integument*."
Chapman : Homer ; Odyttey xrt
IL Technically:
1. Anat. : The skin,
2. Bot. : The outer covering of a seed.
In-te'g-u-inenf-a-rj^ a. [Eng. intetrnment ;
art/.] Of, belonging to, or consisting of in-
teguments.
In-teg-u-mSn-ta'-tlon, *. [Eng. integu-
msnt ; -ation.] The act, art, or process of
covering with integuments ; the state of being
o covered.
fa'-tel-lect, s. [Fr., from Lat. intellect =
perception, discernment, from intelle'-tus, pa.
par, of intelligo = to umlcrstand, lit. = to
choose between; inter = between, and lego =
to choose ; Sp. inUleeto ; Ital. intelletto.]
1. That faculty of the human soul or mind
by which it receives or comprehends the ideas
communicated to it by the senses or by per-
ception, or other means, as distinguished from
the |K>wer to feel and to will ; the power or
faculty to fwrccive objects in their relations ;
the power to judge and comprehend ; also the
capacity for higher forms of knowledge as dis-
tinguished from the power to perceive and
imagine.
** His books well trimmed, and In the gayest style . . .
Adorn his intellect* as well as shelves.
Cottrper : Trutk, 8.
2. (PI.) : Wits, senses : as, To be disordered
In the intellects.
3. Intellectual people collectively : as, The
intellect of a country.
If Intellect is the generic term; there cannot
be genius or talent without intellect ; but there
may be intellect without genius or talent : a
tan of intellect distinguishes himself from the
common herd of mankind by the astuteness
of hfs observation, the accuracy of his judg-
ment, the originality of his conception, and
other peculiar attributes of mental power;
genius Is a particular bent of the intellect,
which distinguishes a man from every other
individual; talent is a particular modus or
modification of the intellect, which is of prac-
tical utility to the possessor. (Crttbb : Eng.
Sync*,)
fa tSl I6ct-e'<t a [Eng. intellect; -ed.]
Endowed with intellect ; having intellect or
intellectual powers.
fa-tel-leV tlon. *. [L*t. inteUectin, from
intellectiw, pa. par. of intelligo =.to discern.)
The act of understanding or comprehending ;
apprehension of ideas.
"And the proper acts of the Intellect are * ntettection,
deliberation, and determination or decision." Bale:
Ortg. of Mankind, p. 88.
et-lve, o. [Fr. fatettectif; Sp, in-
telectivo; Ital. intellettivo.]
1. Of or pertaining to the intellect ; having
power to understand or apprehend ideas.
"Ill order to the actual intellection of any object,
there is a spiritual intellectual lijrht necessary to
n.ible the object to move or affect the intellective
faculty, which yet the object cannot give to Itself, nor
vet strike or move the aald faculty without It"
Soitfft .' Sermon t, vol. lv., ser. S. (Note.)
2. Produced by the understanding.
3. Capable of being perceived by the un-
derstanding only, and not by the senses.
* In-tSl-lSc'-tJve-l J, adv. [Eng. intellective ;
ly.] In an intellective manner.
" Not intellectlveJy to write
Is learnedly they troe."
Warner : Albion t England, bk. Ix., ch. rllv.
fa-teJ-lec'-tu-aL, a. & s. [Lat. intellectitalis
= pertaining to "the intellect ; Fr. intellectuel ;
Sp. intei 'ectual ; Port intellectual; Ital. intel-
kttnale.]
A* As adjective :
1, Of or pertaining to the intellect or un-
derstanding ; belonging to the mind ; per-
formed by the intellect or understanding : as,
intellectual powers or operations.
2. Appealing to or exercising the intellect
or the higher capabilities of man : as, an in-
tellectual pursuit or study.
3. Perceived by the intellect ; existing only
in the understanding ; ideal.
" In a dark vision's intellectual scene.
Beneath a Iwwer for sorrow made,
The melancholy Cowley lay." Cowlty.
4. Endowed with intellect or the power of
understanding ; characterized by intellect or
mental capacity.
*B. Aswbet. : The intellect; the intellec-
tual powers ; mental powers ; understanding.
" His intellectual* and hla senses remained perfect
until the eighty-fourth year of his age." Wood :
Athena: Oxon. (P. ffolland,)
t fa-tel-lec'-tu-al-Jsm, . [Eng. intellec-
tual; -tarn.)
1. Intellectual power or quality ; intellec-
tuality.
2. The doctrine that knowledge is derived
from pure reason.
* Jn-tel-lec'-tu-al 1st, s. [Eng. intellectual ;
-ist.]
1. One who overrates the intellect or un-
derstanding.
"These intellectuaHttt. which are notwithstanding
commonly taken for the most sublime and divine
philosopher*." Bacon : Advancement Qf Learning,
2. One who holds or supports the doctrine
of intellectual ism (q. v.).
t fa-te'l-le<>-tu-al'-l'-t& *. [Eng. intellectu-
al; -ity.] The quality or state of being intel-
lectual ; the possession of intellect ; intellec-
tual powers.
" The plastick or spermatick nature, devoid of all
aniiriHllty or conscious intellectuality." Cudtoorth :
Intel!. Xyttem, p. 133.
t In tel lec'-tu al-ize, v.t. [Eng. intellec-
tual; -ize.]
1. To make intellectual ; to endow with in-
tellect.
2. To reason on or treat in an intellectual
manner.
3. To give an intellectual or ideal character
to; to idealize.
" When Lelbniti Is mid to hare inUUtctualized the
sensuous representationa, the reproach conveyed is,
that he disregarded the special distinction of their
bails In sense, and regarded them as only lesa clear
than the representations of intellect* 0. S. Lewet :
Si*. PMot, (1880). 11. WO.
fa-teVleV-tu al-iy.orfy. [Eng. inteltf dual ;
-ly.] In an intellectual manner ; by means of
the intellect or understanding.
" Man above all visible creatures la able to perform
that duty intellectually and Intentionally." Sale :
Ortff. of Mankind, p. 71
fa-teT-U gence, s. [Fr., from Lat. intrlli-
gtntia, from intelligtns, pr. par. of intelligo =
to understand.] [INTELLECT.]
1. The act or state of understanding or
knowing ; the exercise of the understanding.
2. The ability to know, understand, or com-
prehend ; intellectual power.
" The flash of Wit-the bright Intelligence.
The beam of Song the blue of Eloquence."
Byron : Death of Sheridan.
3. Capacity for the higher functions of the
intellect
" And dim VI with darknea their intelligence."
Spenier : Teareioftht Mutet ; Euterpe.
4. Knowledge acquired by study, research,
or experience ; information.
5. Quickness or sharpness of intellect : as,
He is a lad of intelligence.
6. Information, notice, notification, news.
7. Familiar terms of acquaintance or inter-
course.
* 8. An intelligent or spiritual being ; an in-
corporeal being.
" Fully hast thou satisfied me, pare
Intelligence of heaven, angel serene."
Jfitton: P. L.. vii
* 9. Communication.
"From whence I found a secret means, to have
Intelligence with ray kind lord the kiiir."
Drayton : Legend of Pierce (laoetton.
intelligence-department, s.
Mil. : A branch of the anny to which is en-
trusted the duty of supplying the officer in
command with all necessary intelligence, sig-
nalling, Ac.
intelligence-office, s. An office or place
at which information may be obtained, more
particularly with reference to servants to be
hired.
* In tel'-ll-gence, v.t. [INTELLIGENCE, j.J To
convey or impart intelligence to ; to instruct ;
to inform.
"That sad inteVigmcing tyrant that mUchiefs the
world with uia mines of Ophlr." Milton : Reform, in
Ertg., bk. ii.
* ln-tel'-lJ-feen-9er, s. [Eng. intelligence) ;
-er.] One who conveys or sends intelligence ;
one wh gives information or notice of private
or distant transactions ; a messenger ; a spy.
" Be tliou my bookes intelli-iencer. note
Wlmt each man ayea of It."
Ben Jontan : Underwood* ; To my
* In-ter-U-ften-fy, s. [Lat intelligentia.]
Intelligence.
In tel'-li gent, a. [Lot intelligens, pa. par.
of intelligo ~ to understand ; Fr. intelligent ;
8p. inteligente; Ital. intelligente.]
1. Understanding; seeing into; cognisant,
skilled.
" Part loosely wing the region, part more wise.
In common ranged in figure, wedye their way,
Intelligent of seasons.* Milton : P. L., vil. 4ft
2. Endowed with the faculty of under-
standing or reason.
"No intelligent man thence concludes marriage
allowed In t In- Gospel only to avoid an evil." Hilton :
Tetractutrdon,
3. Endowed with a quick or ready intellect ;
sharp, sensible, clever, quick.
* 4. Giving or bearing intelligence or in-
formation ; communicative, informing.
" Be intelligent to me."
Shakeip. Winter 1 ! Tale. L 1
5. Characterized by intelligence : as, an in-
telligent answer.
* In tel li gen tial (tl as Bh), *in-tel-U-
gen clal, f [Eng. intelligent: -ial.]
1. Intellectual ; exercising understanding ;
implying or characterized by understanding.
" The devil entered, and hia brutal sense
ID heart or head, possessing, soon inspired
With act inteUigential." Milton : P. L., ix. 1M.
2. Consisting of intelligence, unbodied mind,
or spiritual being.
" Food alike those pure
" Intelligential substances require
As doth your rational." Milton : P. L., T. 4M.
* In telll gen tiar y (ti as sh), in-tel-
U gen-Ciar-y, s. [Eng. intelligency ; -an/.]
One who conveys intelligence ; an informer ;
an intelligencer.
"There were sent oaer into Prance oerteine intflti-
genciariet to moue some conspirndc " ffoHnslsasT .'
Bilt. Scot. ; Caratake
In tel -li-gent^lf, adv. [Eng. intelligent;
-ly.] In an intelligent manner ; with intelli-
gence.
" Intelligently on their behalf to present all their
praises and acclamations to their common Creator."
Sale: Ortg. of Mankind, f. 372.
fa-tel-Ui-I-bll-i-ty; *. [Eng. intelligible;
-ity.}
1. The quality or state of being intelligible ;
possibility to be understood ; plainness, clear-
ness, perspicuity.
"I see no necessity thit intelligibility to a human
understanding should be necessary to the troth or
existence of a thing." Boyle .* Works, iv. 4M>.
2. The quality or state of possessing intel-
ligence ; the power of understanding ; .ntel-
lection.
" The soul's nature consists In intelligibility" Glait-
901 : Sceprii Scientijica.
fa tel Hgible, a. & $. [Fr., from Lat tn-
tettigibilis = perceptible to the senses ; intel-
ligo = to understand.]
A. As adj. : Capable of being understood or
comprehended ; comprehensible, plain, clear,
perspicuous.
* B. At subst. : That which can be under-
stood or comprehended.
"Thus tnteUi-riMei are conveyed from one man to
another by writing." Bale : Orlg. of Mankind, p. i
In-teT Ug-i-ble n^SS, . [Eng. intelligible;
-ii'-^.} The quality or state of being intel-
ligible ; intelligibility.
" It la In our ifleaa that both the lightness of our
knowledge, and the propriety or itel!iffib/''>itsi of our
apeaking, consists," Locke : Human Understanding,
bk. ii-i ch. rzxii.
fa-tgl'-Ut-l-Wy, adv. [Eng. intelligible);
-ly.] In an intelligible manner; so as to be
understood ; plainly, clearly.
"Which, if we speak intettigibly. Is to charge God
with making us guilty when we were not." Bp.
Taylor : Of Repentance, ch. vi., f 1.
* ln-tem'-er-ate, . [Lat. intaneratut, from
in- = not, and" temeratus, pa. par. of temero =
0fcte, flit, fare, amidst, what, fall, father ; we, wet, here camel, her, there ; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine ; go, p&t,
r. wore, wolf, work, who, sin; mute, cttb, cure, unite, cur, rule, full ; try, Syrian, w, o = e ; ey = a. QU = kw.
to pollute, to deflle.J Not polluted or denied ;
unpolluted, pure, undented.
"The entire and intemerate comelinece of TirtUfs."
Parthmia Sacra (Pref J, X 4 6. (1<S33|.
ln-tem'-er-ate-nese,Jr. [Enc. intemerate ;
-ness.] The quality or state of being inteiu-
erate.
"The sincerity and intnntratcneut of the fountain."
Donne ; Letter to Sir S, 0.. p. ML
* in tSm per a mSnt, *. [Pref. to- (2),
and Eng. temperament (q.vAJ A bad tem-
perament, state, or constitution.
In tern'- per ange, * In tern per aunco,
*. [Fr. intemperance, from Lat. intcmperantia,
from in- = not, and temperantia = moderation,
gentleness.] [TEMPERANCE.]
1. A want of moderation or self-restraint ;
" An intemperance which, even in the moat atrocious
eases, ill btooaiM the Judicial character." Macau/ay
Sift. Eng., ch. iv.
2. Excess or habitual indulgence in the use
of alcoholic liquors ; drunkenness.
"A cruel internal malady which had been aggrava-
ted by intemperance." MacavJay : Bitt. ng., ch. vi.
3. An intemperate act ; an act of excess.
* in-tem'-per-an-c. *. [Lat. intemperan-
tia.] Intemperance ; excess.
"Casaar's inttmperancy In his pleasure*." North :
Plutarch, p. 619.
In -tern per -ant, * In tern per-aunt,
a. d?s. [Lat. intemperans (genit. intemperantis)
intemperate, immoderate.]
* A* As adj. : The same as INTEMPERATE
(q.v.).
" Soche M b intemperaunt, that U foloert of their
naughtieappetitea," Udal: A).ph. of Eratnwt, p. 15.
t B. .( * subst. : One who is intemperate ; a
word introduced by Dr. B. W. Richardson to
designate one who indulges to excess in the use
of intoxicating liquors. It has since found its
way into general temperance literature.
tn-tem'-per ate, a. & . [Lat. intemperatus
= antempered.]
A. As adjective :
1. Not exercising due moderation or self-
restraint ; indulging any appetite or passion
In excess ; immoderate.
" Ensample be of infud intemperate."
Spenter.- F. O... II. vil. o.
2. Addicted to an excessive or immoderate
Indulgence in the use of alcoholic liquors.
" Men habitually intemperate Justly forfeit the es-
teem of their fellow citizens." Beattie : Moral Science,
pt. ill., ch. ill., i 8.
3. Done In excess ; immoderate, excessive ;
iceeding proper bounds.
" When mariner* would madly meet their doom
With draughts intemperate on the linking deck."
Byron : CMlde Barotd. lii. !.
4. Violent ; rough ; boisterous : as, intem-
perate weather.
B. At subst. : One who is not temperate ;
pecif., one who is addicted to an excessive or
immoderate indulgence in alcoholic liquors ;
an inebriate.
If For the difference between intemperate
and excessive, see EXCESSIVE.
In-tem'-per-ate, v.t. [INTEMPERATE, a.]
To disorder.
'frl-tem'-per-ate-iy, adv. [Eng. intemperate ;
-ly-}
1. In an intemperate manner ; to excess ;
beyond proper hounds.
" A man that la rashly and tntemperateJy angry upon
ny occasion." Sharp : Sermont, vol. ill., aer. 8.
2. In an intemperate manner; with exces-
sive indulgence in alcoholic liquors.
in tern -per-ate-ness, s. [Eng. intem-
perate; -ness.]
1. The quality or state of being intemperate ;
want of moderation ; excess, especially in the
use of alcoholic liquors ; intemperance.
2. Excess of heat or cold; unseasonable-
ness of weather.
" By unseasonable weather, by intemperatentM of the
air or meteora." Bale : Contempt. ; Of Contentation.
" In-tem'-per-a-ture, . [Eng. intemper-
at(e); -ure.} Excess of some quality ; excess
of temperature ; unseasonableness.
"For the great heat and intemperatur* of the
wetther." Hackluyt ; royagei. ii. 87.
* In torn per-ous, a. [Lat. in- = not, and
tempero = to moderate.] Intemperate.
Intemeratenesse intense
* In-tem-pes'-tive f a. [Lat. intempestivus,
from in- = not, and tempestiviis = seasonable,
from temftestas = season ; Umpus =1 time ; Fr.
intempestif; Ital. & Sp. intempestivo.} Not
seasonable ; unseasonable, untimely.
" Intempetttve laughing, weeping, Ac." Burton :
Anat. of Melancholy. (Democritiu to the Reader.)
* Xn-tem-pe's'-tive-iy, adv. [Eng. intem-
pestive ; *ly. ] In an unseasonable manner or
time ; unseasonably.
" They intempettively ralle at and pronounce them
damned." Burton: Anat, Melancholy. (Democritut to
the Reader.}
* Xn-te'm-pe's-titv'-J-tjf, *. [Lat. intempes-
tivitas, from intempestivits = unseasonable.]
Unseasonableness ; untimeliness.
t " Our moral booka tell \u of a vice, which they call
O-Kaipia, intempettivity,"-~ Haletl- Serm. at Kton, p. 4.
* In ten a-ble, a. [Pref. in- (2). and Rng.
tenable (q.v.).] Not tenable ; not defensible ;
untenable ; incapable of being maintained or
defended.
"The more it haa discovered of the*n(no*( preten-
sions of the Gospel" Warburton: Workt, voL U..
er. 18.
Xn-tend', * en-tende, * en tend en, * in-
tende, v.t. & i. [Fr. entendre = to under-
stand, to conceive, from Lat. intendo = to
stretch out, to bend, to apply the mind : in- =
in, on, and tendo = to stretch ; 8p. & Port, en-
tender; ItaL intendere.]
A. Transitive :
* 1. To stretch out ; to distend ; to extend.
" By this the lungs are intended or remitted," Bale :
Orig. of Mankind.
* 2. To bend.
"Things reciprocate forwards and backwards, a*
when a bow is successively intended and remedied."
Cudworth : InteU. Syttem, p. 22L
* 3. To turn ; to direct ; to bend.
" Tyre, I now look from thee then, and to
Tarsui intend my travel."
Shalutp. : Periclet, i. Z
* 4. To enforce ; to increase ; to intensify.
"The magnified quality of this star, conceived to
cause or intend the heat of this Kaon.'Broiene :
Vulgar Srrourt, bk. Iv., ch. xliL
* 6. To turn or fix the mind on ; to attend
to ; to regard.
"Nay, hut intend me." Ben Jontan: CyntMti't
XeveU, T. 2.
* 6. To fashion ; to design.
* 7. To pretend ; to simulate.
" Tell them that you know that Hero loves me, in-
tend a kind of zeal both to the Prince and Claudia"
Bhaketp. : Much Ado About ffothiny, ii. 3.
8. To design ; to fix the mtnd on as the ob-
ject to be effected or attained ; to mean.
" The men were quiet and sober, and intended nobody
any harm. "Bunyan: Pilffrim't Proffmt, pt L
B. Intransitive .*
* 1. To stretch forward ; to extend.
2. To have a design, purpose, or intention ;
to design.
1 For the difference between to intend and
to design, see DESIGN.
* In tend' an9e. . [Eng. intend ; -ance.]
Attention ; "care.
"But the malde, whom wee would haue specially
good, requireth all intendance both of father and mu-
ther. Five* : Inttruct. of a Christian Woman, bk. i.,
ch,L
* in-tend an 9y, * in-tnd'-en-9y, *.
[Eng. intendant; -cy.]
1. The office or position of an Intendant.
" A famous poet and countryman of ours who had
some intendencyin an hospital built on the VtaTrium-
phalia." Evelyn : Memoirt ; Rome, 1616.
2. The district under the charge of an in-
tendant.
* in-tend -ant, * in tond-ent, a. & s. [Fr.,
from Lat. intendens, pr. par. of intendo.] [IN-
TEND.]
A. As adj. : Attentive ; attending.
"To him I sighe all intenitant
1 not where he were sufflsaiit*."
Gowtr: C. A., viii
B. As subst. : One who has the charge,
superintendence, oversight, or direction of
some public business ; a superintendent.
In-tend'-ed, pa. par., a., & . [INTEND.]
A. As pa. par. : (See the verb).
B. As adjective :
1. Stretched out, extended.
"The same advauuclng hlghabonve hti head,
With sharpe intended sting so rude him mot"
Spenter: F. Q,, I. xi. S8.
2. Designed ; done or said intentionally or
of design.
2701
3. Engaged, betrothed : as, an intended
wife.
C. As subst. : A person engaged to be mar-
ried to another ; an affianced lover.
" He had called there to we his late intended."
Pall Mall Oasette, Sept. 6, 1884.
* In-tdnd'-ed-l^, adv. [Bug. intended; -ly.]
Of set purpose or design ; intentionally, de-
signedly.
" He made them more intended! y a meet help to re-
move the evil of being alone." MUton : Tetrachordon,
In-tSnd'-er, s. [Eng. intend; -er.] One
who intends or designs.
"I will rather bless them, M Instruments, then
condemn them. M noiintendert." Fetthtim : Ket-Jvet,
l>t. i., res. 32.
* In-ten -der, v.t. [Pref. in- (intens.), and
Eng. tender (q.v.).'] To make tender.
" Which gives those venerable scenes full weight.
And deep reception in th' intendered heart.
Young: Jfiffht Thought, It TSL
* In-tend -i-ment, s. [Low Lat. intendi*
mentum, from Lat. intendo,] [INTEND.]
1. Attention, patient hearing, coiisideratioa
"Till well ye wot, by grave intendiment,
What woman, and wherefore doth me upbraid."
Spenter; F. Q,, I. xiL SL
2. Knowledge, skill, experience.
" For she of bearbes had great intendiment.*
Spenter: F. Q., III. v. H
* In-tend'-ment, 5. [Fr. entendement, from
entendre = to understand.]
I. Ordinary Language :
1. Intention, design, purpose.
" [We] fear the main intendment of the Scot,
who hath been still a giddy neighbour to us.~
Sfiaketp. : Henry VI., i. ft.
2, Supervision, oversight.
"Well he merited
The intendments o'er the gal lies at Leghorn."
Ford : Atnciei Chatte t Noble, L L
TJ. Law : The true intent or meaning of s
person, Jaw, or legal document.
" According to the true intendment of the laws of
England." Junius, let. 69.
* in ten'-e-brat-ed, a. (Lat. in- = in, and
tenebr(e= darkness.] Darkened, obscured.
"A pretty conjecture intentbrnted by antiquity."
Wotton : Kemaint, p. 861.
* in ten-er-ate, v.t. [Lat in- (intens.), and
tener= tender.] To make tender or soft; to
soften.
"Fear inteneratet the heart making It fit for all
gracious impression." Bp. ffatt : Remedy of Pro-
phanenett, bk. ii.. | 18.
* in-ten'-er-ate, a. [INTENERATE, v.] Made
tender or soft* ; softened, soft.
* In-t^n-er-a'-tlon, s. [INTENKBATE, v.] The
act or process of making tender or soft ; soft-
ening.
" The noblest use of nourishment U for the prolong,
ation of life, restoration of some degree of youth, and
intcnerution of the parta," Bacon : flat. Hat., f 56.
* In ten'-i-ble, a. [Pref. in- (2), and Eng.
t< niii'e (<i.v.).~\ Incapable of holding, contain-
ing, or retaining.
" Yet In this captious and intenible sieve
I still pour in the waters of my love."
Shaketp. ; Alii Well That Sndt Well, i. &
t fa-te*n'~sate, v.t. [Eng. intense) ; -*te.] To
make intense or more intense ; to intensify.
(Emerson: English Traits, ch. iv.)
t in-ten'-Ba -tlon, *. [Eng. intense); -ation.]
An ascending climax. (CarlyU : Miscell.,
Hi. 221.)
t In-tens'-a-tive, a. [Eng. intensat(e) ; -ive.}
Making intense or more intense ; intensifying,
adding intensity.
" An inttn*atiee attributive." Athentntm. Dec. IS,
1880, p. 816.
In-t<Snse , a. [Lat. intensus, pa. par. of in
tendo = to stretch out.] [INTEND.]
1. Raised to the highest ; strained, forced .
anxiously attentive, strict, severe : as, intenst
study.
2. Extreme in degree : as
(1) Violent, vehement, exceedingly strong:
as, intense love, intense affection.
(2) Exceedingly hot, ardent.
"Then, woe to mortals ! Titan then exert*
His heat intentf." Philipt : Cider, L
(3) Exceedingly cold, biting, sharp ; as, ia*
tense cold, an intense frost.
(4) Exceedingly sharp, severe, or acute : as,
intense jiain.
bo"y; pout, jo^rl; oat, 90!!, chorus, ghin, bench; go. Kern; thin, fills; sin, as; expect, yenophon, exist, ph - t
-dan. -tlan = shan. -tton, -sion = shun ; -flon, -sion = zhttm. -clous, -tlous, -slous = shus. -ble, -die, &c. = bel, del.
2702
intensely in tentness
(6) Vehement ; very strong or passionate.
" Fraught with a pntiou BO inttnie.'
rntnyxm . Jfiwd, II. II. 69.
(6) Strict, severe, harsh.
"Tb* ngal power won or lM inUiuf or remiss ;
that it. (mater or !.' Jfittim . Otf.i of I'tuptt of
tngland.
(!) Exceedingly deep in colour : u, an in-
tense blue.
In tcnse'-ljr, ad". [Eng. intense; -ly.]
I. In an intense manner or degree ; to an
extreme or very great degree; vehemently,
exceedingly.
" The more ardently and intenuly a man lore. God."
Bkarp : Sertnom, voL IT.. Bar. 6.
* 2. Attentively, earnestly.
in-tense'-new, s. (Bng. Menu ; -TWM.) The
quality or state of being intense; intensity,
vehemence.
With intenwieu of dtttir*
In her upward eye of lire."
*: Klttn.
(n-t^iut-l-f a-oa'-tton, >. tEng. infcuOV; e
connective, and suff. -ation. ] The actor pro-
cess of intensifying or making more intense.
. *. [Eng. intensify ; -er.]
One who or that which intensities ; specifically
in photography, a substance used to intensify
opacity of the deposit [iNTENsirr. A. 2.)
Xn-tens'-l'-f y, v.t. & i. [Eng. ink me ; i con-
nective ; -Jy.]
A. Trim si tin:
1. Ord, Lang. : To make intense, or more
Intense.
" Aud felt bow vlerclng ti the sting of pride.
By want embittered and MumMM.,
ut : Otvdatft Tale.
2. Photog. : A term applied to various modes
Of giving strength or increased opacity to the
deposit forming the photographic picture on
11 exposed and developed plate. This may be
effected by depositing metallic silver, from a
solution of the nitrate of that metal, by means
of some iron salts, or pyrogallfc acid, and also
by increasing the density of the deposit already
formed. One method of doing this U to first
bleach it with bi-chloride of mercury, and,
after well washing, to treat with dilute am-
monia.
* B. Intrans. : To become Intense, or more
Intense ; to act with greater force or energy.
fn - ten'-slon, . [ Fr. , from Lat. intensio, from
intensus, pa. par. of inttndo ; Sp. intension ;
Ital. intensione.]
* I. Ordinary Language :
1. The act of straining or stretching ; the
tate of being strained or stretched.
** MJWT divert tunea and different intentions of the
Voice, which the musicians call harmonic." P. Hol-
land : Plutarch, p. 825.
2. The act of intensifying or rendering more
Intense ; intensification.
" Sound* will be carried farther with the wind than
gainst the wind: and likewise to rise and fall with
the intention or remission of the wind." Bacon : flat,
ffitt. \Todd.)
U. Logic < Afetaph, : Those attributes which
go to make up a complex general notion, and
which cannot be taken away from it without
destroying it. More usually termed COMPRE-
HENSION (q.v.). [EXTENSION.]
" The greater the extension, the leas the intention ;
the more objects a conception embraces, tbe more
lender the knowledge which It conveys of anjotfthoM
object* ; and rtc* verm." Thomson : Lawt of Thought,
rs
In-tens'-I-ty, s. [Eng. intense); -ity.]
L Ord. Lang. : The quality or state of being
Intense ; in tenseness, vehemence, violence,
f orce, depth, severity.
"She could prove to him tbe intentity and disin-
terestedness of her affection." Macaulay: Jfitt. JSny.,
ch, x.
n. Technically :
1. Magnet. : [MAGNETOMETER].
2. Elect.: In a similar sense to 3. Thus
the intensity of a current is the quantity of
electricity which, in any unit of time, flows
through a section of the current. That of
an electric light is the amount of light it gives
forth compared with that of an ordinary-sized
candle, of a lamp of any given kind, or of the
ran.
3. Physics, Ac. : The concentrated energy
with which a force acts ; the potency of a
force as measured by its effects. Used of
light, of radiant or other heat, of sound, of
gravity, Ac, [*f.]
extensively in the latitude of the object accordiug
a liberty of exercise. but not of specification." Bra
TI Intensity of pressure, Intensity of stress :
The force per unit of area. It is of the dircen-
B i oas t^ jj jj gtands for mass, L for
length, aud T for time, then intensity of pres-
sure or of stress =j5*. (Everett: C. Q. 5.
System of Units (1875), p. 6.)
In-tens-ive, o. & t. [Eng. intense); -i.)
A* As adjective :
1. Admitting of intension ; that may or can
be intensified or increased In degree.
"The intmtive distance between the perfection of
an angel and of a man U but finite." Salt. (Todd.)
2. Serving to intensify, or to add force or
emphasis.
* 3. Intense, deep, strong.
" An effectual grief for aln should be erlooa. deep,
hearty, infm****. Bp. Halt t Bairn of (Jilead.
* 4. Intent, assiduous, very careful.
" Tired with that assiduous attendance and int emit*
circumspection which a long fortune did require."
Wotton.
B, As subst. : Something serving to give
force or emphasis ; specif., an intensive par-
ticle, word, or phrase.
" Anon, hai ' Infernal wed u an intensatlve.* I*
not the word a mistake for intensive!" Jf of e t
Queries, March 6. 1881, p. 181.
t In-tens-Ive-ly. adv. (Eng. intensive; -ly.}
L In an intensive manner ; by increase of
degree.
"God and the good angels. are more free than we are,
that U. intentivelit In the degree of freedom ; but not
nsivel
erty o .
hall: Affaintt Hobbet.
2. So as to give force or emphasis.
3. Intently, assiduously, earnestly.
" Let UB wait reverently and intentively upon thU
Bethesdaof God." Bale: Contempt; Pool of Btthexla.
4. By intension.
" Not only If it be considered intmsiecly, but exten-
sively (as a schoolman would express it)." Boyle :
Works, vol. IT., p. M.
* in-tena'-Ive-ness, *. t Eng. intensive _;-*.]
Tbe quality or state of being intensive ; In-
tensity.
" Where nothing might or could Interrupt or divert
the intentiveneu of hU Borrow and lv*i."f/uie : Con*
temp. ; Christ Crucified.
in-tcnt', a. [Lat intentus, pa. par. of intendo.]
Having the mind bent or strained on an ob-
ject ; eager in pursuit of or attention to an
object ; anxiously diligent ; sedulously ap-
plied. (It is now followed only by on, but to
was also formerly used.)
" The village of Plymouth
Woke from Its Bleep, aud arose, intent on its manifold
labours." Longfellow: JtUet Standith, v.
in tent', * en-tente, *. [Fr. entente, from
entendre = to understand, to conceive ; Ital.
& 8p. intento.]
1. The act of stretching, straining, or bend-
ing the mind or thoughts towards an object ;
a design, a purpose, an intention.
" Some foe to his upright intent
Finds out bis weaker part."
Cowper : ffaman FraOtg.
2. Meaning, drift.
t (1) To the intent that : In order that
(2) To all intents, To all intents and purposes:
Practically, really, in reality.
" A people, who are In general excluded from any
share of the legislature, are, to all intents and puriiotes,
as much slave*, when twenty, independent of them,
govern, as when but one domineers, iturke: A I' in-
dication of National Society.
in-ten'-tion, * in-ten-cy-one, *. [Fr. in-
tention, from Lat intentionem, accus. of in-
tentio an endeavour, an effort, from intentus t
pa, par. of intendo; Sp. intencion ; Ital. in-
tenzione.}
L Ordinary Language :
* 1. The state of being strained, increased,
or intensified ; intension.
"The operations of agents admit of intention and
remission ; but essences are not capable of such raria.
tiou."Lockf. (Todd.)
2. The act of stretching or bending the mind
towards an object ; closeness of application ;
sedulous attention or application ; earnest*
ness.
"My soul
Is bent with more intention on their follies.*
Ben Jonton : Cynthiai Revt,lt t \. 1.
3. A determination to act in some particular
mode or manner ; a purpose, a design, a pro-
ject, an intent
" He announced his intention to protect them In the
free exercise of their religion." ilacauiay ; Biit. Eng.,
oh. vii.
4. That which is intended ; an aim, an end,
an object
5. The purpose for which anything is in-
tended ; object
"The boneallin tbe human frame) are reckoned t*
be 24; the distinct eco}>ea or inttntiont In each of
these are above 40. iu all about 100.000." H'iUim:
Jfat. JteL. bk. L, ch. vL
IL Technically:
1, Logic: Any mental apprehension of an
object
2. Roman Theology :
(1) Interior assent to an external act on thfl
part of the minister; held by some theolo-
gians to be essential to the validity of such an
act, when of a sacramental character. One ol
the arguments against the validity of Anglican
Ordens, urged by some Roman writers, is the
absence of intention in the Elizabethan bishopa
and their consecrators to do what tbe Roman
Church does when she consecrates bishopa or
ordains priests.
(2) The special purpose to say mass, to re-
cite vocal prayers, or perform any act of devo-
tion with a particular object in view, as for
the spiritual benefit of some person or the
iinpetration of some grace for one's self.
IT (1) First intention :
Logic : A conception of a thing formed by
the first or direct application of the mind to
the individual object ; an idea ; an image.
(2) Second intention :
Logic: A conception generalized from th
first intuition or apprehension already formed
by the mind ; an abstract notion.
"The jfrtf intention of every word Is Its real mean,
Ing ; the $econd intention. Its logical value, accord I m
to the function of thought to which It belongs."-
Thornton : Lawn qf Thought, lutrtxl., p. M.
(S) To heal by the Jlrst Intention :
Surg. .* To cicatrize without suppuration, at
a wound.
(4) To heal by the second intention:
Surg. : To unite after suppuration ; said of
a wound.
In ten -tlon-al, a. [Eng. intention ; -a/.)
Done with intention, design, or purpose ; de-
signed, intended, not accidental.
" Both arm fee In the field, however, refuse to fight
for their hated masters, and sustain inten'ion-il de-
feaU." Lewi* : Cred. Early Roman Uitt, (1W5), II., SOI.
* in ten tion-al'-i-ty, . [Eng. intentional ;
-ity.} The quality or state of being inten-
tional.
in ten'-tlon-al ly, adv. (Eng. intentional;
-IV'}
1. In an intentional manner; with inten-
tion or design ; of set purpose ; designedly.
2. In will, If not In deed.
" Innocent, at least
Intentionally guiltless, 1 began."
Glover: Atkenaidxx\.
' In-ten'-tioned, a, [Eng. intention; -ed.}
Having intentions or designs; used In com-
position, as well-intentioned = having good or
honest intentions.
"The best intention**, meet religion* writer will
employ many phrases, that a Spiuozist would use. In
tbe explanation of his Impiety." Warbwrton: Cat*-
inenf. on way OH Man.
* in-tn'-tiive, a. [Lat intentivut, from inten-
tus. pa. par. of intendo ; Ital. intentivo.} Hav-
ing the mind closely applied ; attentive ; in-
tent
"I haue found TOO. faithful!, obedient, and to all
my requester and desires diligent and intentiut'
* In-ten'-tive-ly', adv. [Eng. incentive; >ly.)
Closely, attentively, carefully.
" Intenliurly ready and prepared to Hue and die."
ffackluyt : Yoyaget, it 87.
* in-ten'-tive-ness, . [Eng. intentive'
-ness. } The quality or state of being intentive ?
close attention or application of mind.
" Their care and intentivcnette Is truly commend'
able," Bp. HaU : Contempt. ; Latarut raited.
in-tenf -IJ?, adv. [Eng. intent \; -ly.] In an in-
tent manner ; with close application of mind ;
closely, narrowly, attentively, zealously.
"Intently prosecuting one entire scheme ; and direct-
Ing the constituent parts of It to the general purpose
of his providence." Burd: On the Propheciet, ser. H.
In- tent -ness, s. [Eng. intent; -ness.] The
quality or state of being intent ; close appli-
cation of mind ; zeal ; attention.
" A course, either of extreme solicitude, or Mentneu
upon business.*' South : Sermont, voL vi., sr. 7.
fltte, fat, fare, amidst, what, fall, father; we, wet. here, camel, her, there; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine; go, p5t,
or. wore, woit, work, whd, sdu ; mute, cub. ciire, unite, cur, rule, full ; try, Syrian, w. ce = e ; ey = a. qu = JEW-
inter intercellular
2703
ln-ter', * en-ter-ren, In terre, v.t. [F. .
mterrer, from Low Lat. intern, from Lat in-
-* in, and terra = the earth.]
* L To deposit in and cover with earth ; to
uory.
"The kest way Is to inltr them as yon furrow pease."
^Mortimer: Butbandry.
2. To bury with funeral rites ; to inhume.
" He was intern* In the parish church there "
Maun : Pretnoy ; Art of Painting ; Lift.
3. To bury ; to place out of sight.
" The evU that men do lives after them ;
The good is oft interred with their bones."
' t . Jullia Canr. ill. 9.
ln-ter-, prtf. [Lat.] A Latin preposition,
signifying between, among, or amongst, and
largely used as a prefix in English in words
which are for the most part purely Latin,
some, however, as interweave, being hybrid.
In ter-ac-ceV sor-& a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. accessory (q.v.).]
Anat. : Situated between the accessory pro-
cess of one vertebra and the mamillary process
of the next. Used of interaccessory muscles,
called the interacessorii.
t In'-ter-act, . [Pref. Inter-, and Eng. act
(q.v.).]
1. Lit. : The Interval between two acts of a
drama ; a short piece between others ; an in-
terlude.
2. Fig. : Any intermediate employment or
time.
t In'-ter-act, v.t. [INTERACT,*.] To act re-
ciprocally one on another.
In-ter-ac'-tlon, . [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
action (q.v.).]
1. An intermediate action.
2. Mutual or reciprocal action.
In-ter-ad'-di-tfve, o. & . [Pref. inter-,
and Eng. additive (q.v.).]
A, At adj. : Added or inserted parentheti-
cally or between others, as a clause in a
sentence.
B. As roost. : Anything added or inserted
parenthetically.
In-ter-a'-gen-sy, . [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
agency (q.v.).] The quality or state of being
an interagent ; the acts of one acting as an
interagent; intermediate agency.
In-ter-a'-gent, . [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
a0eni(q.v.).J One who acts as an intermediate
agent between others ; a medium.
In-ter-all, s. [ENTRAIL, .]
In tcr al' ve 6-lar, a. [Pref. inter-, and
alveolar (q.v.).]
Anat. : Between the alveoli of the lungs.
Used of the Interalveolar lymphatics which,
united below, pass upwards to the Inner sur-
face of the alveoli.
In ter-am-bn-la' era, . ft. [Pref. inter-,
and Eng., &C. ambulacra (q.v.).]
Zool. : The Imperforate plates which occupy
the intervals of the perforated ones (ambu-
lacra) in the shells of Echinodenns. (Oven.)
In-ter-am-bu-la'-craL, a. [Pref. inter-,
and Eng. ambuiacral.]
Zool.; Of or belonging to the Interambnlacra
(q.v.*
in-ter-am'-nl-an, a. [Lat. inter- = be-
tween, amongst; omji!'s = a river, and Eng.
adj. sun", -on.) Situated between riven ; en-
closed by rivers.
In ter-an'-I-mate, v.t. [P re f. inter-, and
Brig, animate (q.v.).] To animate or inspire
mutually.
When love with one another so
Jnlfrantmatft two souls." Donne : T\4 Ecstatg,
In ter ar-bor-a'-tlon, .>. [Lat. inter = be-
tween, amongst, and ortor = a tree.] The
intermixture of the branches of trees standing
in opposite ranks. (Browne: Cyrus" Garden,
ch. iv.)
n-ter-ar-tite'-u-lar. a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. articular (q.v.).]
Anat. : Situated between joints, as inter-
articular Bbrocartilages and ligaments.
In-ter-au'-lio, o. [Lat inter = between,
amongst ; aul(a) = a hall, a palace, and Eng.
adj. sun*, -ic.) Existing or carried on between
royal courts : as, interaulic politics. (Uotley.)
In-ter-au-rio'-u-lar, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. auricular (q.v)'.]
Anat. (Of a foitus): Situated between the
auricles of the heart.
In-ter-ax'-al, o. [Pref. inter-; Eng. <u<is),
and sulT. -al.\
Arrk. ; Situated In an interaxls.
In-ter-ax-il'-la-rjf, a. [Pref. inter-, nd
Bug. axillary (q.v.).]
Bot. : Situated between or in the axils of
leaves.
Is [Pref. inter-, and Eng. axit
Arch. : The space between axes.
* in-ter bas-ta-Hon, t. [Pref. inter-; Eng.
basUe) (q.v.) ; -ation.] Patchwork.
"A metaphor taken from interbattafion, patching
or piecing, sewing or clapping close together." Smith :
Uut Age, p. 181
t in-ter-blend', v.t. CPref. infer-, and Eng.
blend (q.v.).] To blend or mingle so as t*
form a union.
In-ter-bra'-chl-al, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. brachial (q.\-!)!]
Anat. : Between the arms.
"The reproductive organs [of the OphlnroUea] are
situated near the bases of the arras, and open by ori.
flees on the ventral surface of the body, or in the inter.
orachial areas.' jff. A. NiduUon : Zool. (5th ed.), p. 196.
In ter-branch'-I-al, o. [Pref. inters and
Eng. branchial (q.v.).]
Ichfhy. <t Zool. : Between or among the
branchiae or gills.
In ter breed', v.t. & i. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
frreed (q.v.).]
A. TVetnsiiiDe :
1. Gen. : To breed between two individuals,
related to each other in a greater or less
degree.
2. Spec. : To cross-breed ; to breed by cross-
ing dilferent strains or sub-varieties, varieties,
or species of animals or flowers.
B* Intransitnv :
L To breed together. (Used of animals.)
2. To adopt means to effect this result.
(Used of cattle-breeders, Ice.)
In t^r-breed Ing, pr. par. ft . [INTER-
BREED.]
A. As pa. par. : (See the verb).
B. As subst. : The act of breeding between
two individuals ; cross-breeding.
If Close Interbreeding continued during
several generations between the nearest rela-
tions, and remaining under the same condi-
tions of life almost always tends to decreased
size, weakness, or sterility. (.Darwin: Orioin
of Species, 6th ed., p. 251.)
" In : ter-brlng', v.t [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
bring (q.v.).] To bring between or among.
" May you interbriny
Dally new Joys, and never sing."
Donne; njoptu. Dec. M, Mil
In-teV-ca-lar, in tor -ca-la-ry, a. [Lat.
intercalarte, intercalarius, from intercalo = to
Intercalate ; Fr. intercalate.]
* L Ord. Lang. : Inserted between or
amongst others.
" Thla initrfiilari line ... seems to be intended as
> chorai or burden to the song." Seattie : riroit :
Fait. viii. (Note.)
H. CAron. : Inserted between or among
others. Used of months, or shorter periods of
time, Insfted into the calendar to make the
astronomical and civil years more nearly co-
incide. Romulus is said to have intercalated
two months into the Roman year, which had
hitherto consisted of ten months only. Numa
Intercalated a month every second year, and
as the time for doing so was unfixed, the
Pontiflces placed it at such times as might
suit the convenience of the government or of
their own friends.
In-teV-ca-lato, v.t. [Lat. intercalatm, pa.
par. at intercalo = to proclaim that something
lias been inserted : inter = between, and calo
= to proclaim ; Fr. intercaler; 8p. intercalar ;
Ital. intercalare.]
* L Ord. Lang. : To insert between r
amongst others.
U. Technically:
1. CAron, : To insert a day, a mouth, *o.,
in a calendar.
" It was the custom with Greeks to add. or. as It wai
termed, to intercalate a month every other year "
Prieal,,.- On History, led. llv.
2. Ceo!. : To insert, Introduce, or intrude a
stratum between other strata.
" In-ter'-cal-at-Ive, o. [Eng. intercalate);
we.) Tending to intercalate ; that Inter-
calates.
In-ter-ca-la'-tlon, s. [Lat. intercalate, from
in(ercaia(i, pa. par. of Intercalo ; Fr. interca-
lation; Sp. intercalation ; Ital. intercalaziane.]
* L Ordinary Language:
1. The act of intercalating or inserting be-
tween others.
2. The thing so intercalated.
U, Technically:
1. Chron. : The insertion of a day, a month,
&c., in a calendar.
2. Geol. : The insertion, introduction or in-
trusion of a stratum between or amougother
strata.
tn-ter-C&T-o't'-Io, o. [Mod. Lat. intercantl.
cui-otoi belonging to the carotid artery.]
Anat. : Situated on the inner side of the
angle of division in the common carotid
artery. Used of the intercarotic ganglion or
glandule.
"an-ter-cede', v.t. & i. [Fr. inferoMer, from
Lat. intercede = to go between : inter- = be-
tween, and eedo = to go ; 8p. interceder ; ItaL
intercedere.]
A* Intransitive :
* 1. To pass or occur intermediately ; to
intervene ; to come between.
" He supposeth that a vast period interceded between
that origination and the age wherein he lived." note :
Orig. of Jiantind. (Tod)
2. To go, come, or act between as a peace-
maker, with a view to reconcile parties at
variance ; to plead in favour of another ; to
mediate; to make intercession. (It is fol-
lowed by for before the person on whose be-
half intercession is made, and by with before
the person to whom it is made.)
" I heare not one man open his mouth to intercede
for the offender." tiiahop Halt: Contempt.; Haman
Hanged, Ac.
* B. Trans. : To go, come, or pass between.
"Those snpernces reflect the greatest quantity of
light, which have the greatest refracting power., and
which intercede mediums that differ most in their re-
fracting densities." Jfetft on.
*$ To mediate and intercede are both con-
ciliatory acts ; the intercessor and mediator
are equals or even inferiors ; to interpose is an
act of authority, and belongs most commonly
to a superior : one intercedes or interposes for
the removal of evil ; one mediates for the at-
tainment of good. To intercede and interpose
are employed on the highest and lowest occa-
sions ; to mediate is never employed but in
matters of the greatest moment. (Crabb :
Eng. Synon.)
* In ter-ce'-dent, a. [Lat. intercedem, pr.
par. of intercede = to go between.] Coming
or passing between ; interceding, mediating.
* In-ter-9e'-dent-ljf,odt>. [Eng. interceded;
ly.} By way of intercession ; as an inter-
ceder or intercessor.
In-ter-oe'-der, . [Eng. intercede) ; -<r.] One
who intercedes ; a mediator, an intercessor.
n-ter-gel'-ln-lar, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. cellular (q.v.).~\
Anat., Bot., <tc. : Situated between cellules
or cells : as, intercellular space.
intercellular canals, intercellu-
lar-passages, s. pi.
Bot. : Spaces left between contlguons cells
In some species of plants. DC Candolle thought
they were designed for the passage of sap, but
In Nymphaeacese they are filled with air.
intercellular-spaces, s. pi.
Bot. : Open spaces, or air-cavities, between
the cells of certain species.
intercellular substance, >.
Bot. : A substance alleged to cement toge-
ther the many minute cells in the parenchyma
of a plant. In the higher plants It constitute!
only a thin layer, while In Nostoc and some
btfr; p6ut,
1 cat, 9011, chorus, 9hln, bench; go, gem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, Xenophon, exist. -Ing.
-taon. -slon = hun; -fton, -slon = hun. -dons, -ttons, -tuou* = sUus. -We, -die, &o. = 1*1. dej.
J704
intercept intercolumniation
other forms of aig It constitute* * Jelly.
The intercellular substance is only contiguous
in cell-walls which have undergone a certain
chemical change.
In ter-cept, v.t. [Fr. intercepter; Sp. inter-
eepfar; Ital. interceptors.] [INTEBCKPT, a.]
L Ordinary Language :
1. To stop, take, or seize by the way or on
the i>ussage.
" [I] Bothered flocks of friends.
Marched towards St. Alb&ns to interred the queen.
Shatetp. : a Henry VI., U. 1.
2. To obstruct or interrupt the passage of ;
to stop.
" Behind th hole I fastened to the pasteboard, with
pitch, the blade of a sharp knife, to intercept some
part of the light which passed through the bole.
ffevlon : Optics.
8. To obstruct or interrupt communication
With, or progress towards ; to shut out.
H Swarming o'er the dusky fields they fly.
New to the fiowers. and intercept the sky."
Dryden : Flower f Leaf, "M.
* 4. To take away, to put an end to, to stop.
"God will shortly inUrcept your brethe." ^o .
Mcpof. of and* x.
6. To stop, to delay, to interrupt.
Being intfrctfUd In your sport."
?: : TtOU Androniaa. U. a.
tt Afaft. : To include between. When *
eurve cuts a straight line in two points, the
part of the straight line lying between the
two points Is said to be intercepted between
the two points. And, In general, that part of
a line lying between any two points is said to
be intercepted between them.
,In ter 9opt, * In ter-oepte, a. 4i. ILat.
interccplus. pa. par. of intercipio : inter- = be-
tween, and capto = to takv to catch.)
* A. At adj. : Intercepted, included, com-
prehended.
"The arche meridian that Is contained or intercept*
betwlxe the sighet and the equlnoodaL" Chaucer :
jarotabe. pt. l', I .
* B. At tubsi. : That which is Intercepted ;
ipecif., in geom., that portion of a line which
lies between the two point* at which it is
intersected by other two lines, by a curve, by
two planes, or by a surface.
Jn-ter-cSpf -or, >. [Eng. intercept; ;-er.} One
who or that which intercepts ; one who stops
another.
"Thy interceptor full of desplght. bloody as the
hunter, attends thee at the orchard end." S*otP. :
Twelfth ITifM, UL 4.
In-ter-oSp'-tlon, . [Lai inteneptio, from
intercepts, pa. par. of intercipio. [INTER-
CUT, .] The act of intercepting or stopping
in the course ; stoppage, hindrance, obstruc-
tion.
"The king hath note of all that they Intend
By interception, which they dream not of.
Shakrtp. : Henry r.. IL J.
In-ter-cep'-ttve, a. [Eng. intercept; -ive.]
Serving or tending to intercept or stop.
In-ter 9688 -ion (ss as sh), . [Fr., from
Lat. intercessio = a going between, from inter-
cesfus, pa. par. of intercedo = to go between ;
Bp. interceswn ; Ital. intercessione.] The act of
interceding ; mediation ; interposition between
parties at variance, with a view to reconcilia-
tion ; prayer to one party in favour of another :
sometimes, but rarely, against another.
" The hymn of interceuion rose."
Scoll . Lat of the Lent Hinitrel, vl. II.
In terras' lon-al (ss as sh), a. [Eng. in-
tercession; -at] Pertaining to, containing, or
of the nature of intercession or entreaty.
In ter jess' lon-ato (ss us sh), v.t. [Eng.
intercession ; -ate.] To make intercession to ;
to entreat.
In-ter-fcs' sor, "In-ter-ces-sour, >.
[Fr. intercesseur, from Lat. intercessorem, ace.
of intercessor, from intercessus, pa, par. of
intercedo = to go between. ]
L Ord. Lang. : One who intercedes or goes
between ; one who makes intercession for
others ; a mediator ; one who interposes be-
tween parties at variance, with a view to
reconcile them.
" He, from wrath more cool.
Came, the mild Judge and Interceptor both,
To sentence man." Jfilton : p. L., x. 96.
* II. Eccles. : A bishop who, during a va-
cancy of a see, administers the bishopric till a
successor is elected.
la-ter-oes-BOr'-l-al, a. [Eng. intercessor ;
-ia 7 .] Of or pertaining to intercession or an
intercessor ; intercessory.
t an-ter-9ea.'-or-y, o. [Eng. intercessor ; -y.]
Containing or of the nature of intercession ;
interceding.
"The Lord's Prayer has an fntrcsssory petition for
our enemies." Barberry (1720).
in ter-9haln , v.t. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
chain (q.v.).] To chain or link together.
" Two bosoms interchained with an oath."
Shakeep. : itideummer Xight't Dream, 11. 1
TT The Folio reads interchanged.
in ter chan ge, * en tre chaunge, * en-
ter-change, * In ter chaunge, v.t. & i.
[Fr. entrechanger, from entre (Lat. inter) =
between, among, and changer = to change.]
A* Intransitive :
1. To exchange ; to give and .take mutually.
Were interchanged twlx
Full many strokes
;t them two."
nr ./... IV. 111.11.
2. To change mutnally ; to put each in the
place of the other.
" Again his soul he interchanged
With friends whose hearts were long estranged.
Scott : Lady of the Lake. 1. S3.
3. To cause to succeed alternately : as, To
interchange cares with pleasures.
B. Intrant. : To succeed alternately ; to
change mutually.
" With some interchanging changes of fortune, they
begat, of a lust war, the best ohildpeaoe." mdney.
* In' -ter-change, t. [INTERCHANGE, v.]
1. The act of interchanging or mutually
changing; the act or process of mutually
giving and receiving ; exchange.
"No interchange of eipericnos was necessary to
lead the metallurgists of remote regions to similar
results," Wilton : preUttoric Man, en. ix.
2. Alternate succession, change, alternation.
" Sweet interchange
Of Mil and valley." Milton : P.L.. Ix. 1U.
3. Trade, commerce.
" Those have an interchange or trail, with Elana,"
Bovell : Letter*.
to-ter-ehanie-a-bir-1-ty, . [Eng. inter-
changeable ; -ity.] The quality or state of being
interchangeable; interchangeableness. <
In-ter-ohan'ie-a-ble, o. [Eng. interchange;
-able.]
1. Capable of being interchanged; admit-
ting of exchange: as, Two letters may be
interchangeable.
* 2. Following each other in alternate suc-
cession.
"The interchangeable weather of spring and an.
tttmn." Dantpier : foitaget (an. 1048).
In-ter-ohan'ge-a-ble-ne'ss, . [Eng. inter-
changeable; -ness.] The quality or state of
being interchangeable.
ta-ter-onan'fce-a-bly, adv. [Eng. inter-
changeabKf) ; -ly.] In an Interchangeable
manner ; alternately ; by reciprocation : so
as to be interchangeable. _
" The portions of the le- "~
ments they will have to be
interchangeably transmut-
able." Boyle : Work*, i. 0.
Interchangeably
Her.: Placed or lying
across each other, as three
fishes, threeswords, three
arrows, &c., the head of
each appearing between DSTERCHANOEABLY
the tails, hilts, or butt- POSED.
ends of the others.
*ln-ter-9han'ge-ment, i. [Eng. inter,
change; -nent.] The act of interchanging;
exchange, mutual transfer.
" A contract of eternal bond of love . .
Strengthened by interchan?ement of your rings."
Shaketp. : Twelfth Night, r.
* in-ter-9llJP'-ter, s. [_Pift. inter-, and Eng.
chapter (q.v.).] An interpolated or interca-
lated chapter.
* In'-ter-che'cked, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. checked (q.v.).] Alternated, varied.
" Lead them and ourselves through many years
Of sin and pain or few, but still of sorrow,
Interceded with an Instant of brief pleaiure,
To Death," Byron : Cain, 1. 1.
* an-teV-9i<l-en9e, s. tLat. intercidcns, pr. par.
of intercido : inter- between, among, and
codo = to fall.] The act or state of falling or
coming between ; occurrence, accident.
" Talking of the Instances, the Insults, the interci-
dencei. communities of diseases, and all to show what
books we have read." P. Holland : Plutarch, p 608
* tn-teV^id-ent, a. [Lat. intercident, pr.
par. of intercido. } Falling or coming between.
* in-ter-clp'-i-ent, a. It i. [Lat. mtercipient,
pr. par. of ititercipio = to intercept (q.v.)."]
A. As adj. : Stopping or seizing by the way,
or in the course ; intercepting.
B. As fubti. : One who or that which in-
tercepU or stops the course or passage.
"They commend repellanta. but not with mnon
astriimency, unli-sii as Intenmnat uiou the parta."
Wiseman : Surgery, vol. L, bk. i.. eh. v.
* In-ter^J'-sion, s. [Lat. intercisio, from in-
tercisus, pa. par. of intercido to cut apart :
inter- = between, among, and cosdo = to cut.]
A cutting off ; an interruption.
" We may understand their tntercition, not abscinion
or consummate desolation. "Srovme : Vulgar Krrourt,
bk. vii.. ch. ill
* in-ter-ela-vJo'-u-lir, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. clavicular.]
Anat. : Between the clavicles, or collar
bones. There are an iuterclavicular notch
and ligament
*ln-ter-cldse', v.t. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
dote, v. (q.v.).J To shut in, to inclose.
" To intercloie some very minute and restless parti-
cles."-ft>f .' Worts, L ess.
* In-ter-cloud', v.t. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
cloud (q.v.).J To shut within clouds ; to
cloud.
None the least blackness interctouded had
80 fair a day." ln,,M : CMt Wort. v. M.
* In-ter-olude', v.t. ILat. intercludo, from
inter = between, among, and claudo = to shut.]
To shut out from a place or course by some-
thing intervening ; to intercept, to interrupt,
to cut off.
* In-ter-clu'-slon, >. [Lat. interdusio, front
interduntt, pa, par. of imtercludo.] [IHTEB^
CLUDB.] A shutting off or out ; interception,
obstruction.
in ter-col-le'-giate, a. Between colleger
In ter col -line, a. [Lat. inter- = between ;
collio = a hill, and Eng. suff. -int.}
* I. Ord. Lang. : Between hills.
2. Oeoi. : Lying between the several vol-
canic cones or eminences produced by recent
or remote eruptions.
In-ter-oi-ld'-nK-al, o. '[Fret inter-, and
Eng. colonial (q.vT)0 Existing or exercised
between colonies.
"The Congregntlonallsts of Australia and Sew
Zealand have lust commemorated their jubilee by s
series of intercolonial meetings at Sydney." ajil,
-Venn. July 17, ISO.
In-tep-eS-lum'-nar, o. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. columnar (q.v.).]
Anat. : Between any two structures colum-
nar in form, as the interoolumnar fascia.
In-ter-ci-lum-ni-a'-tlon, . [Lat. inttr-
columnium, from inter- = between, and colvmna
= a column, a pillar.]
Arch: The space between two columns.
When columns are attached to the wall, thi
space is not under such rigorous laws as when
they are quite insulated ; for, in the latter
INTERCOLUMNIATION.
case, real as well as apparent solidity requires
them to be near each other, that they maj
better sustain the entablatures they carry.
The different intercolunmiations are known as
Pycnostyle (No. 1), Systyle (No. 2), Diastyle
(No. 3), Aneostyle (No. 4), and Eustyle(q.v.)-
In the Doric, however, the intercolumniation it
Me. lt, fare, amidst, what, fill, father; we, wt, here, camel, her, there; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine; go, p*t,
r, wore, wolf, work, who, son : mute, cub, cure, unite, ear. rule, full ; try. Syrian. IB. oe = e ; y - a. qu - kw.
interoombat interdeal
2705
regulated by the disposition of the trlglyphg
in the frieze ; for the triglyphs ought always
to be placed over the centre of a column, anc
the metope should be square. In the Tuscan
Interval, the architraves being of wood, the
pace may be considerably extended. Columns
may be said to be either engaged or insulated
when insulated, they are either placed very
near the walls or at some considerable distance
from them. With regard to engaged columns,
or such as are near the walls of a building,
the intercolumniations are not limited, but
depend on the width of the arches, windows,
niches, or other objects, and the decorations
placed within them. But columns that are
entirely detached, and perform alone the office
of supporting the entablature, as in peristyles,
5'orches, and galleries, must be near each
ottier, both for the sake of real and apparent
solidity. (Weale.)
* in-ter com'-b&t, . [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
comiat (q.v.).] A combat, an engagement.
" [They] at the point of intercombat were."
Daniel: Cittt Wari, \. J.
fa tor come', v.i. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
come (q.v.).] To come between ; to intervene,
to interpose, to interfere.
in-ter-cSm'-mo'n, v.i. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. common (q.v,).]
1. To have to do with or act in common or
community with others ; to act, share, or
participate with or among others.
" The spirits of the wine do prey upon the roscld
juice of the body, and inrercommon with the spirits
of the body." Bacon : Vat. Bin., I 55.
2. To use a common with others ; to graze
cattle on a common pasture ; to enjoy or
possess the right of feeding or grazing on
common.
In'-ter-odni-mdn, s. [INTERCOMMON, .] The
same as INTERCOMMONAOE (q.v.).
IT It was the right of Intercommon that
gained Epping Forest for the Corporation of
London, and saved It for the public. While
iu at least one parish it was considered that
all rights of common had been bought out ;
the rights of intercommon had been forgotten.
No fences existed round that parish, on which
account cattle from five other parishes crossed
the unnoted boundary line. The rights of
their owners would be taken away if inclosures
took place, hence none must be permitted, and
any previously existing must be thrown open.
* In ter com'-mon-age (age as Ig), ,.
[Pref. inter-, and Eng. commonage (q.v.).] A
joint or mutual right of commonage; the
privilege enjoyed by the inhabitants of two
or more contiguous manors or townships of
pasturing their cattle on the commons of each
other. Called also intercommon.
In'-ter-cSm-mo'ned, a. [Pref. inter- ; Eng.
commdn, and suff. -ed.] Having things in com-
mun ; acting in common ; outlawed by a writ
of intercommoning (q.v.).
" Those desperate Intercommoned men, who werej
as it were hunted from their houses." Burnet : Eitt.
Oam Time (an. 1*79).
* fa ter com'-mon-or, . [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. commoner (q.v.).] A joint communicant.
fa-ter ctfm'-mon Ing, . [Pref. intei^,-
Eng. common, and suff. -ing.]
* 1. (For def. see extract.)
" And upon that great numbers were outlawed ; and
B> writ was issued out, that was Indeed legal, but very
seldom used, called Intercommotiiny ; because it made
all that harboured such persons, ordid notseize them,
when they had it in their power, to be involved iu
the same guilt." Burnet : Own Time (an. 1676).
2. The same as INTERCOMMON, ., and IN-
TERCOMMONAOE (q.V.).
in-ter-cdm-mune', v.i. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. commune (q.v.).]
Scots Law : To maintain mutual intercourse
or communication : as, To intercommune with
rebels.
In-ter-cdin-miin'-lfo-a-'ble, a. rPref. in-
ter-, and Eng. communicable (q.v.).] That may
or can be mntually communicated.
ln-ter-c6in-mun'-I-cate, v.i. & t. [Pref.
inter-, and Eng. communicate (q.v.).]
A, Intram. : To maintain or hold mutual
communication ; to communicate mutually.
B. Trans. : To communicate mutually ; to
Interchange.
"The rays . . . fnferc&mmunfcofethe lights, aathey
may be seat to and fro."/*. Holland : Plutarch, f. 9M.
" in ter-c*m-mun-I-ea'-tlon, s. [Pref
inter-, and Eng. cojnmunica(ion(q.v.).] Mutua
or reciprocal communication.
" Intercommunication of suggestions, plans, wants
and wishes takes place between the horse and the
cow." Lindtay : Hind in the Lover Animal*. L 837.
fai-ter-cSm-mun'-Inir, . [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. communing (q.v.).] The same as INTER-
COMMUNION (q.v.).
IT Letters of intenxmmuning :
Scots Law: Orders from the Scotch Privy
Council, forbidding all and sundry from
holding any kind of intercourse or communi-
cation with the persons therein denounced,
on pain of being regarded as art and part in
their crimes, and liable accordingly.
In ter com mun ion (ion as yun), s.
[Pref. inter-, and Eng. communion (q.v.).]
Mutual communion ; intercommunication.
"An entire intercommunion with the idolatrous re.
llgious round them. 1 * Law: Theory of Religion, pt ii
* in-ttjr-oiim-mun'-I-t*, . [Pref. inter-,
and Eng. community (q.v.).]
1. A mutual communication or community ;
Intercommunication.
" That intercommunity of Paganism, which will be
plained hereafter." Warourton : Divine Legation,
2. A state living or existing together In har-
mony.
* In-tcr com-par'-I son, . [Pref. inter-,
and Eng. comparison (q.v.).] Mutual com-
parison, as between the parts of one thing and
the corresponding parts of another.
* In-ter-cdm-pley-I-t*, >. [Pref. inter-,
and Eng. complexity.] Entanglement. (De
Quincey : Spanish Nun, 20.)
In ter-con'-dy-lar, a. [Pref. infer-; Eng.,
Ac. condyte, and suff. -or.]
Anat. : Between the condyles : as, the inter-
condyior fossa, or notch of the femur.
* In-ter-con-nect', v.t. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. connect (q.vA] To conjoin or unite
closely or Intimately.
in-ter-con-nec'-tion, s. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. connection.] Reciprocal connection. (De
ttuincey : System of the Heavens.)
fa-ter-cdn-tl-nen'-tal, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. continentoi (q.v.).] Subsisting or carried
on between different continents : as, intercon-
tinental traffic.
In-ter-cos -tal, o. 4 . [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
coital.]
A. As adj. : Between the ribs.
IT There are intercostal arteries, veins, lym-
phatics, muscles, and nerves.
B. As subst. : The intercostal muscles. The
external ones are directed obliquely down-
wards and forwards from one rib to another.
The internal intercostal muscles, placed deeper
than the former, are attached to the inner mar-
gins of the ribs and their cartilages.
"For the structure of the inleraatali. midriff. *o.. :
suaU refer to Dr. Willis, and other anatomist*. "Der-
ham : Phytico-Theology, bk. iv., ch. vii. (Note.)
intercostal neuralgia, s.
Path. : Pain along the course of the Inter-
costal nerves, those on the left side from the
sixth to the ninth are the most frequently
affected ; common in aniemic and chlorotic
females. ' It often precedes herpes zoster
(shingles), and sometimes follows it in aged
people.
tn-ter-cos-td-, pref. [Lat. inter = between ;
cost(a) = a rib, and o connective.] (See etym.
and compound.)
intercosto humeral, a.
Anat. : Connecting the humerns and the
ribs.
U There Is an intercosto-humeral nerve.
Jl'-ter-course, * en ter-course, . [Pr.
entrecours, from Low Lat. intercursus = com-
merce ; Lat, = interposition, from inter = be-
tween, amongst, and cursus = a running ', curro
= to run.]
1. Connection or association by reciprocal
actions or dealings between two or more j>er-
sons or countries ; interchange of thought or
feeling ; commerce ; communication ; associa-
tion,
" There was ever intercoune
Betwixt the living and the dead."
n'orditfforth : Affliction of Margaret.
2. An interview ; conversation.
3. Sexual connection.
IT The intercourse and commerce subsist only
between persons ; the communication and con-
nexion between persons and things. The com-
munication, in this sense, is a species of inter-
course ; namely that which consists In th
communication of one's thoughts to another ;
the connection consists of a permanent inter-
course. As it respects things, communication
is said of places in the proper sense ; connec-
tion is used for things in the proper sense. A
communication is kept up between two coun-
tries by means of regular or irregular convey-
ances ; a connection subsists between two
towns when the inhabitants trade with each
other, intermarry, and the like. (Oa6i> : Sng.
Synon.)
t In-ter-cross', v.t. & i. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
cross (q.v.).]
A. Trans : To effect fertilization by mean*
of another strain, variety, or species. [Iw-
TERCKOSS.]
"The view generally entertained by naturalists tl
that species when, intercroised have beeu specially en-
dowed with sterility, in order to prevent their confu-
sion." Darwin : Origin of Bpecici (ed. IMS), p. 299.
B. Intrans. : To become impregnated in the
manner described under A.
" If there exist organic beings which never inter-
mu.-Danein: Origin of Spedei (ed. 1M9), p. lit,
In'-ter-cross, s. [INTERCROSS, ?.]
Btof. : A cross between individuals of the
same variety, but what breeders call another
strain. Its effect is to give great vigour and
fertility to the offspring. Such intercrossing
was discovered by Mr. Darwin and others to
be incalculably more extensive in nature than
had been believed. Though most plants are
hermaphrodite, yet intercrossing with other
Individuals is the rule, the agency of Insect!
being largely exerted to effect the result
[CROSS-FERTILIZATION.]
" Oc !?l<'J tntercronei take place with all animals
** """*"' <M in /*(*.
* in-ter-our', v.i. [Lat intercum = to run
or come between : inter- = between, among,
and curro = to run.] To come between; to
intervene.
"Infinite cross accidents may intercur and dasa
them to pieces." Scott : chrittian Life, pt L, ch. lii.
* In ter curled , a. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
curled.] With curls mutually intertwined.
* In ter cur -ren9e, s. [Lat interatrrens,
pr. par. of interourro.] [INTERCUR.] A pan*
ing between ; an occurrence ; intervention.
"The least intercurrence of fortune."- p. Holland:
Plutarch, p. 1,086.
in-ter eiir'-rent, a. & . [Lat. intercurreiu,
pr. par. of intercurro,] [INTERCUR.]
A* As adjective :
I. Ord. Lang. : Running or coming between ;
occurring between ; intervening.
"The ebbing and flowing of the sea, Des Cartes -
cribeth to the greater pressure made upon the air by
the moon, and the intercurrent ethereal substance. "
Boyle: Iforki, i. .
II. Path. : A term used of a malady gener-
ated or arising during the progress of another
disease, and running its course at the same
time as the first
* B. As subst. : Anything which comes in
between or intervenes.
" Like a play or interlude, with many dangerous its.
tercurrentt." P. Holland: Plutarch, p. 998.
* In-ter-ciit', v.t. [Pref. inter-, and Eng. cut,
v.] To intersect (HoaieU : Parly of Beasts,
p. 5.)
In-ter-cu-ta'-ne'-ous, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. cutaneous (q.v.).] Existing between or
under the skin.
* In ter dash', v.t. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
das* (q.v.).] To dash at intervals ; to inter-
sperse.
" A prologue interdaMd with many a stroke."
Cmeper: Table Talk, Us.
* In ter deal, In ter de.-ilc, . [Pref.
inter-, and Eng. deaf (q.v.).] Mutual dealing ;
traffic ; commerce.
"The trading and intrrdeal' with other natloM
roundabout." Spenur: Ireland.
Kn-ter-deal', v.i. [INTEHDIAL, .] To
carry on mutual intercourse ; to intrigue.
" York and bis side could not. while life remained,
Though thus dispersed, but work and interdeal.
Daniel: Civil If an, vii. fa.
boil, T>5^; p<Sut, J<S-vVl; oat, 9 ell, chorus, .jhln, bench; go, gem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, yenophon, exist, ph - t
-in, -tian = 8iu>n. -tlon. -ion = shun ; -flon, -sion - xhun. -clous, -tlous, -slous =. shit*. -We, -dl, &c. = bel, out
2706
interdentel interestingness
In ter-d6n-tel, *n- tdr-den'-tll, . [Pref.
inter-, and Eng. dentel, dentil (q.v.).J
1. Mach. : The space between teeth or cogs.
2. Arch. : The space between two dentil*.
In-te'r-de'-pe'nd'-ence, *In-ter-dfi-
pen den-9$r, *. [Pref. infcr-, and Eng.
dependence, dependency (q.v.).] Mutual de-
pendence.
" The old and true Hocrmtic thesis of th interdr.
pemlrni-e of virtue and knowledge." JfaA*w Arnold :
Latt Euayt, (Pref.. p. XXI L)
* In ter de-pend'-ent, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. dependent (q.v.).] Mutually dependent.
In-ter-de^struc'-tfve-n&w, . [Pref.
inter-, and Eiig. destructiveness.] The act or
quality of mutual destructiveness. (Godwin :
MandevilU, ii. 103.)
fn ter-diot', *en-tre-dlt-en,v.f. [!KTER-
D1CT, *.]
1. On*. Lang. : To forbid ; to prohibit or
debar by an interdict.
" The Injunction by her brother laid . . .
That interdicted all debute."
WordfM-vrth . White Dotof HylXont.iv.
2. Ecdrs. : To lay under an interdict ; to visit
Wlththespi ritual penalties of an interdict(q.v.).
" Aflrf an the Fourth . . . interdicted the city of
Bmue because the people had in a tumult wounded a
cardinal' Clarendon : KeU'jion A Policy, oh. iv.
T In general literature, the verb, in this sense,
has given place to the expression "to lay
under an interdict," but both are still used by
ecclesiastical writers.
In -ter-dict, * in-ter dicte, *. (Low Lat.
interdictum = a kind of excommunication ;
Lat. interdiction = a decree of a judge, uent.
sing, of interdictus t pa. par. of interdico = to
pronounce judgment between two parties, to
decree : inter- - between, among, and dice =
to speak, to utter ; Fr. interdit.}
I. Ord. Lang.: A prohibition; a forbidding;
prohibitory decree or order.
*' The** art not fruit* forbidden ; no interdict
Defend* the touching of these viands pure."
Milton: /'. A'., ii. Mfc
II. Technically:
1. Old Roman Civil Law: A decree of the
pnetor pronounced between two litigants
sometimes enjoining, but more frequently pro-
hibiting , something to be done. The inter-
diction of any one from fire and water i.e. t
from obtaining those necessaries at Rome was
tantamount to banishment from the city.
2. Roman Ecdes. Law & Hist. : An ecclesias-
tical censure by which persons are debarred
from "the use of certain sacraments, from all
the divine offices, and from Christian burial."
It Is a commingling and development of the
New Testament excommunication with the
interdict of the Roman pnetor [1]. It could
be directed against prominent individuals,
kings, for instance, or against localities, as
small as a parish or as large as an empire.
Interdicts seem to have commenced with
bishops in the ninth century ; Hinckmar, bi-
shop of Laon in France, having laid a parish
of his diocese under an interdict in the year
870. Gregory VII. (Hildebrand) launched an
interdict against the Emperor Henry IV.,
which ultimately led to the humiliating sub-
mission of the latter at Canossa. After the
murder of Thomas a Becket on Dec. 27, 1170,
Pope Alexander suspended diyine service in
the cathedral for a year, which was of the
nature of an interdict. On March 23, 1208,
Pope Innocent III. placed England under an
interdict, which was not removed till Dec. 6,
1213. On Dec. 17, 1588, Pope Paul III. pub-
lished a bull excommunicating and deposing
Henry VIII., and placing the kingdom under
an interdict. Various other interdicts were
sent forth. The Canon Law gradually intro-
duced mitigations in the severity of interdicts.
Baptisms and confirmations might be admin-
istered to persons in danger of death ; penance
was open to all but those who had caused the
issue of the interdict ; marriage was permitted,
but without solemnities, faithful ecclesias-
tics might be buried in the churchyard, but
in silence, priests might be ordained if there
were not enough previously, there might be
Low Mass every week, and High Mass at the
five great festivals of Christmas, Easter, Whit-
sunday, Corpus Christ!, and the Assumption.
In April, 1606, Pope Paul V. placed the republic
of Venice under an interdict, which was met
by determined and effectual resistance from
the government, and soon afterwards inter-
dicts fell into disuse.
S. Sco( Law: An order of the Court of
Session having the same purpose and effect as
an injunction of the English Court of Chancery.
" This gentleman threaten* to obtain an interdict to
prevent this uMlru autiuuvian work going forward."
Pott Mall Gatttte. Sept 4. UH.
In-ter-dlc'-tion, i. [Lat. inttrdictio, from
interdictu*, i>a. par, of interdico ; Fr. interdic-
tion.]
* 1. Ord. Lang. : The act of interdicting, for-
bidding, or prohibiting ; a prohibition ; a pro-
hibitory decree.
"Sternly He pronounced
The rigid interdiction, which resounds
Yet dreadful." Milton ; P. L., Till, m
2. Scots Law : A system of judicial or of
voluntary restraint, provided for those who
from weakness, facility, or profusion are liable
to imposition. It is judicially imposed by
order of the Court of Session, generally pre-
ceding an action at the instance of a near
kinsman of the facile person on proper evi-
dence of the facility of the party, or voluntarily
imposed by the party himself, who executes a
bond binding himself to do nothing that will
affect his estate without the consent of certain
persons named.
3. Ecdes. : The same as INTERDICT (q.v.).
- His spiritual artillery, the thunder and lightning
of hi* excommunication* and interdiction*." Clarejn,
(ton / /ittiffion * Pvticy. ch. it
* In-ter-<llc -tlve, a. [Eng. interdict; -ive.]
Having power to interdict, forbid, or prohibit.
" By that inttrdtctiwe sentence." Milton t Antmad,
on/temont. Defence.
* In-ter-dTc'-tor-y, a. [Eng. interdict ; -ory.]
Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of an in-
terdict ; serving to interdict.
In ter dig I tal, a. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
digital.] Between the nngera,
* ln-ter-dif-1 tate, v. t. & i. [Lat. inter =
between, among, and digititt a finger.]
A. Trans. ; To insert between the fingers ;
to interweave.
B. Intrant. : To be interwoven ; to com-
mingle ; to run into each other like the fingers,
when those of one hand an inserted between
those of the other.
* In ter^Hg-I ta'-tlon, *. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. digiUition.]
L Ordinary Language ;
1. Lit. : The state of inserting the fingers
of one hand between those of the other.
2. fig.: Entanglement
II. Anat.: The space between fingers or
flnger-liKe processes. (Owen.)
In -ter-du9, *. [Lat. inter - between,
among, and duco = to lead.]
Carp. : An intertte (q.v.).
In-te> e qul n6c-ttal(tls*h),a. [Pref.
inter-, and Eng. equinoctial (q.v.).J Coming
between the equinoxes.
* an-ter-ett', v.t. [Fr. intireuer; Ital. in-
teretsare; 8p. intertstar.] [INTEREST, v.]
1. To interest, to concern, to affect*
" Our sacred laws, and Jurt authoritle
An inteTMS'd therein."
Ben Jomton : Svanut. UL L
2. To make interested.
" Have intermt'd, ]n either** cause, the moat of the
Italian Prince." Mauinger : Dukt of Milan, L i.
* In'-ter-eas, . [INTERIMS, v.] Interest,
right, or title.
" May challenge aht In Heaven'* int*rrt*.~
*.-, VILTL W.
In-ter-est', v.t. & i. [Formed, by partial con-
fusion with the noun, from the pa. par. in-
teress'd of the verb to interest (q.v.). (Sfcea*.)]
A. Transitive:
1. To engage the attention 'of ; to awaken
an interest in ; to concern ; to excite emotion
or passion, generally in favour of something,
but sometimes in opposition ; to affect, to
move. It is followed by in before that which
arouses interest, and for before the person.
* 2. To be concerned with or interested In ;
to concern ; to be mixed up with.
3. To give an interest or share In ; to cause
to participate in.
4. (Reflex.) To concern, excite, or exert on
behalf of another.
" This was a goddeH who twed to interett hertelf In
marriages." Additon: On Medal*.
* 5. To place or put in or amongst.
him among the Uoda." Cluipman.
B. Intrant. : To be interesting ; to arouse
interest or concern.
In -ter-est, s. [O. Fr. (Fr. interit), from Lat.
interest = it is profitable, It concerns; thinl
pers. sing., pr. t., indie, of intersum = to !
between, to concern : inter = between, among,
and ffttm = to be ; O. Sp., Port., & Ital. inte-
rest; Sp. interes.]
L Ordinary Language :
1. Excitement of feeling, whether pleasant
or painful ; concern, sympathy, feeling.
" So much interett have I in thy sorrow.
SHakesp. : Richard III., ii. 1
2. Advantage, good, profit, concern, utility.
*"Tis manifestly for the intertst of humane society."
-Clark*; On tht Attribute*. (Introd.)
3. Influence with or over others ; as, To
have interest with the Government.
4. Share, portion; participation in value:
as, He has parted with his interest in the
business.
* & Possession, property.
" Interett of territory, cares of state."
SkaXttp. : /.ear, L L
* 6. Claim, right, title.
** He hath more worthy interest to the state than
thou," Shaketp, : 1 Henry II'., 11L B.
7. A selfish regard for private profit or ad-
vantage.
8. In the same sense as II. 1.
9 Any surplus of advantage ; an addition.
'You ihall hare your desires with interett."
tihaketp. .- 1 Henry IV., iv. 8.
10. A collective name for those carrying o
or interested in any particular husiness, mea-
sure, or the like.
XL Technically:
1. Comm. : An allowance made for the
use of borrowed money. The money, on
which interest is to be paid, is called the
principal. The money paid is called the inter-
est. The principal aud interest, taken to-
gether, are called the amount. The ratio oi
the principal to the interest, per annum, is
the rate or rate per cent. luterest is either
simple or compound. Simple interest is the
interest upon the principal, during the time
of the loan. Compound interest is the inter-
est, not only upon the principal, but upon
the interest also, as it falls due.
IT The exaction of interest was prohibited
In England In 1197 and 1436. It was legalized,
the rate being fixed at 10 per cent., in 1545,
prohibited In 1652, restored fn 1570, and re-
duced to 3 per cent, in 1713. In the United
State*, each state has a legal rate of Interest,
differing ID the different states.
2. Law : Chattel real, as a lease for years,
or a future estate ; also any estate, right, or
title In realty.
In'-ter-est fid, pa. par. St, a. [INTEMST, v ,\
A. As pa. par. : (See the verb).
B. At adjective :
L Affected, moved; having the feelings or
passions moved or excited.
2. Having an interest, concern, or chare In ;
concerned.
3. Biassed or liable to be biassed or preju-
diced through personal interest ; not impartial.
4. Done through or for personal interest or
for personal motives ; not disinterested.
"The interested leniency which he had ihowu to
rich deliii<jueiiU."-.VacrtM/ay : UiMt. Eng., ch. v.
5. Too regardful of private profit or advan-
tage ; selfish.
* ln'-ter-6t-$d-neM, . [Eng. interested ;
ness.]
1. The quality or state of being interested.
2. A regard for one's own private views 01
profit. (Richardson: Clarissa, ii. 243.)
In'- ter - Sst - Ing, a. [Eng. interest; -ing.]
Arousing or exciting interest; engaging the
attention or curiosity ; exciting or liable to
excite the feelings or passions.
" That theme exhausted, a wide chwiu ensues,
Filled op at last with intertttina newa."
Covper Conteriation, 8M.
* In' ter-est-Ing-1^, adv. [Eng. interesting ;
-ly.] In an interesting manner; so as to inter-
est.
* ln'-ter-$t-ang-n5ML *. [Eng. interesting;
ness.] The quality orstate of being interesting.
Ate. ifct, fare, amidst, what, tall, lather ; we. wet, here, camel, her, thdre ; pine, pit, sire, sir. marine ; go, pfit,
r, wore, woU, work, who, son ; mute, cub, cure, unite, cur, rule, full ; try, Syrian. se,o = e;ey = a. o.u = kw.
interfacial Interior
2707
*f,-ter-fa'-ci-al (ci a shi). o. [Pref.
inter-, and &n$. j\ti-.ini (q.v.).]
Geoflt. : Included between two plane faces.
An interfacial angle of a polyhedron is a
diedral single included between two faces of
the polyhedron. All interfacial angles of a
regular iwlyliedron are equal to each other.
fn-ter-fem'-or-al, o. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
femoral.]
Anat. & Zool. : Between the thighs.
interfemoral - membrane, s. The
membrane connecting the posterior limbs of
a bat.
In ter-fere', * en-tyr-fer -yn, * en - te -
feir, * in ter-feere, v.i. [o. Fr. entreferir
= to exchange blows: entre= between, and
Jerir = to strike.]
L Ordinary language :
1. To intermeddle, to interpose, to inter-
vene ; to enter into or take a part in anything.
"With which tha English Parliament could Dot
interfere." Maeautay : Mitt. Kwj., ch. ii.
IT It is followed by in or with.
2. To come into collision ; to clash ; to be
to opposition : as, Claims or interests interfere.
II. Technically:
1. Farr. : (See extract).
" A how ii said to inter/ere when the aide of one of
Ills shoes strikes against and hurts one of his fetlocks ;
or the bitting one let; ngnfuat another, juid striking oft"
the akin." Furrier"! Dictionary.
2. Phys. (Of two things'): To exert a mutual
action so as to increase, diminish, or destroy
each other's action. Used of rays of light,
heat, sound, &c.
hi-ter-feV-en^e, 5. [Eng. interfere) ; -ence.]
I. Ordinary language :
1. The act or state of interfering or inter-
meddling ; interposition, intervention, espe-
cially in matters with which one has no con-
cern, and which had better be left alone.
2. The act or state of clashing or being in
opposition.
II. Technically:
1. Farr. ; The act of interfering or striking
the hoof or shoe of one hoof against the fet-
lock of the opposite leg, BO as to break the
akin or injure the flesh.
2. Phys. : The mutual action, In certain cir-
cumstances, of two streams of light or air,
vibrations of sound, undulations of waves, &c.,
coming in contact so as to affect each other.
Used especially of light, [t]
3. Football: The act of protecting a fellow-
player, who holds the ball and desires to run
with It, from being tackled by the opposing
players. [See TACKLE, v.t., I. 3.J
Tf Interference of light :
Optics : The mutual action which two lumi-
nous rays exert upon each other when the
undulations meet in different phases. If two
very small holes are made near each other in
the shutter of a dark room, two divergent
luminous cones will result. If caught upon a
white screen fringes will appear where they
overlap. The same effect is produced if the
light from a luminous point of any kind be
received upon two slightly inclined mirrors,
or two prisms, so as to cause the rays to en-
croach upon each other. It is due to all the
series of waves reinforcing each other wher-
ever they coincide in phase, and extinguishing
each other where the phases are contrary.
The same effects are produced more gorgeously
by polarized light (q.v.)t and by the interfer-
ence of the two sets of waves reflected from
the two surfaces of a thin film, as of a soap-
bubble.
\ tsuryical interference: Relief by surgery.
In-ter-fer'-er. s. [Eng. interfere); -*.] One
who or that which interferes.
la-ter-fer'-Ing, pr.par.,o.,&. [INTERFERE.]
A* At pr. par. : (See the verb).
B. As adj. : Given or inclined to inter-
meddling in matters with which one haa no
concern ; officious.
C. Aft substantive :
I. Ordinary Language :
1. The act of intermeddling ; Interposition ;
Interference.
I. The act or state of clashing or being In
opposition.
IL Farr. A Phys. : [INTERFERENCE, IL],
in-ter-feV-Ing-ly, adv. [Eng. interfering;
-ly.] In an Interfering manner ; by inter-
ference.
* in-ter-flow', v.i. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
Jlow (q. v.).J To flow in.
" Wlmt way the current cold
Of Northern Oceeji with strong tides doth interjlv*
and well." P. Holland : C.imden, p. IS.
* in -ter'- flu-en t, a. [Lat. interjluens, pr.
par. of interfluo to flow between or among :
inter- = between, among, and flua = to flow.}
Flowing or floating between or among.
"Upon the imitation of some interfluent tubtile
matter." Boyle : WarXt. ii. 60S.
* ln-tcr'~flu ous, a. [Lat. interjluui, from
interjluo to flow between or among.] Inter-
fluent.
* in - tcr-f old'- cd, a. [Pref- inter-, and Eng.
folded (q. v.).] Folded or clasped together, in-
tertwined.
" Kneels down before the Eternal's throne ; and, with
hands interfolded."
LongftUo*: Children of the Lor>fi Supper.
in ter f 6 Ii a' ceous (ce as ah), a. [Pref.
inter-, and Eng. foliaceous (q.v.).j
Bot. : Situated between opposite leaves.
Used of flowers on peduncles or of stipules.
* in-ter-f o'-ll-ate, v.t. [Lat. inter- =* be-
tween, among, and/oZium = a leaf] To inter-
leave.
" I will take care to MDd yon y interfoliated copy."
-Evelyn : Mematn, Aug. 17, 109A.
[Pref. inter', and Eng.
fretted (q.v.).] - -
Her. : Interlaced. (A
term applied to any bear-
ings linked together, one
within the other, as keys
interlaced in the bows,
or one linked into the
other.)
in ter-fric tlon, .
[Pref. inter-, and Eng. INTERFRETTED.
friction (q.v.).] A rub-
bing together ; mutual friction. (Lit. <tjig.)
" Kindling a fire by interfrictto* of dry sticks." Dt
Quincey : Spaniib Jfun, ft 16.
m tor- fill' -gent, a. [Lat. interfulgens, pr.
par. of interfidgeo = to shine between : inter-
= between, among, and fulgeo = to shine.]
Shining between.
in ter-fu$e' ( v.t. [Lat. inter- = between,
among, and fiisu = poured.J
1. To pour, scatter, or spread between or
amongst.
" A tense sublime
rfused.
: Tintern Abbey.
2. To mix up together ; to commix, to asso-
ciate.
* in-ter-f u'-jlon, . [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
fusion (q.v.).] The act of pouring or spread-
ing together ; close mingling or fusion.
In ter-gan gli on'-ic, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. gang I ionic.]
Zool. : Between the ganglions. Used of
nervous chords in the intervals of the gan-
glions, which they connect. (Owen.)
* in-ter'-ga-tor-y', . [See def.] A corrup-
tion or contraction for interrogatory (q.v.).
" Charge us thereupon interaatortet.*
Shaltftp. : Merchant of Venice, v.
* in-ter-gern', v.i. [Pref. inter-, and Mid.
Eng. ffm grin,] To exchange grins or
snarls.
" The eager dogi . . . lit grimly intergemtnff.*
Sylvetter : Decay. 1. 938.
in-ter-gla' 91 al (or 9! as shi), a. [Pref.
inter-, and Eng. glacial (q.v.).]
Geol. : Occurring between two periods of
glacial action.
interglaciul period, s.
Geol. : The name given by Professor Heer
to a warm interval intercalated between two
periods of glacial action. [GLACIAL-PERIOD.]
in-tor-hce'-mgl, in tcr-he'-mal, a. [Pref.
inter-, and Eng. Ixemal, hemal.]
Ichthy. : Situated between the haemal pro-
cesses or spines. Used specially of the iuter-
hamial bones which pass up from the spaces
between the ha-inal spines.
In' ter-im, *. A a. [I^t.= In the meantime.]
A* As substantive :
1. Ord. Lang. : The meantime ; the Inter*
voning time or period.
"It will be short ; the interim is mine ;
And a inau'* life's 110 mure than tu aay, one."
Shaketp. : Hamlet, V. t
2. Hist. : Various temporary arrangement*
during the Reformation struggle of the six-
teenth century. One published by the Diet
of Ratrisbon, July 29, 1541, was to be in force
till a General Council met. The Augsburg
Interim, which was sent first by Charles V.,
and was read before the Diet of Augsburg,
May 15, IMS, was intended to reconcile the
Catholics and Protestants, an object in which
it failed. That prepared under the auspices
of the Saxon Elector Maurice, Dec. 22, 1548,
was called the Leipsic Interim. In it Me-
lancthon and various other Protestant theo-
logians treated of "things indifferent" and
the extent to which the Interim of Charles V.
might be accepted. ( ADI APHORISTIC.)
B. As adj. : Pertaining to, connected with,
or intended for an intervening period of time;
temporary ; intended to last only till a certain
fixed time or date.
" The directors have declared an interim dividend at
the rate of & per cent, per annum." Da'dy Tdeyrapk,
Sept. 10. 1864.
T Interim decree :
Scots Law : A decree disposing of part of a
cause, but leaving the remainder unexhausted.
* Xn'-ter-im-Xst, *. [Eng. interim; -ist.]
Eccles. Hist. : One who accepted or sup-
ported the Interim. [INTERIM, A. 2.]
* in-ter-lm-ist' 1C, o. [Eng. interim ; -irfic. J
Pertaining to, or existing during an interim.
in- tcr'-i or, * in tcr i-our, a. & . [Lat.,
coinp. of interns = within.)
A. As adjective :
I. Ordinary Language :
1. Within ; internal ; being within any
limits, inclosure, or substance ; the opposite
to exterior (q.v.).
" He, that attend* to his interior sell.*
Cowper: Taik, 111. 3TS.
2. Inland; remote or distant from the coast,
frontier, or limits : as, the interior parts of a
country.
II. Geom. : Lying within. An interior angle
of a polygon is an angle included between two
adjacent sides and lying within the polygon.
[INTERIOR- ANGLES.]
B. As substantive :
1. The internal part of any thing ; the Inside:
as, the interior of a house,
2. The inland parts of a country or kingdom.
3. The home or domestic affairs of a country ;
hence that branch of the government having
charge of the same, as, in this country, tha
Department of the Interior; in France, the
MinUtry of the Interior, &c.
4. A painting or theatrical scene represent-
ing the interior of a building.
" It IB a cottage interior, with an old mother Mated.*
Athwtum, Sept. 11, 1684, p. ML
1T For the difference between interior and
inside, see INSIDE.
Interior-angles, . pi.
Geom. : The angles formed within any flgort
by two adjacent side*.
Thus, In the triangle ABC, the tnglei
BC A, and CAB are interior angles, as distin-
guished from ABD and ACE, which are exterior
angles. Similarly in the second figure the
angles c B E, D B K, F E B, and a E B are Interior
angles, and the angles A B c, A BD, r SB, and
OEH exterior angles. The angles CBE and
B E F are interior adjacent angles with respect
to DBE and BEG, and the angles CBE and
BEQ are interior and opposite angles.
Interior-planets, s. pi.
bS)l. rjfi^t poUt, Jtftrl; cat, cell, chorus. 9hln, bench; go, gem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, Xonophon, cxlnt. -Ing.
-clan, tian = nhan. tlon. -slon=shan; -tlon, -don - zhan. -tious, -sious. -clous = shus. -We, -die, &c. - bel, del.
2708
interiority interlink
Interior-screw, a. A screw cut on an
Interior or hollow surface, as of a nut, burr,
IT tap-hole ; a hollow or socket screw,
interior-slope, s.
Fort. : The slope of the embankment from
the crest inward toward the body of the place.
[ABATTIS.]
* In-ter-i-oY-*-t& . [Eng. interior; -tty.J
The quality or state of being interior.
* In-teV-i-Sr-l^, * ln-ter-i-our-ly, adv.
[Eng. interior; -ly.] On or in the interior;
internally.
" The divine nature sustains and inttrtourly noor-
Isheth all things," Donnt : Bitt. Septuagtnt, p. 206.
, s. [Eng. interjacen^i) ;
1. The quality or state of being interjacent ;
the act or state of lying between or among.
"England and Scotland is divided only by the inter-
tactncy of the Tweed." Bale : Or iff. <tf MaaMnd.
2. That which lies between.
"It fluctuations are bot motion*, which wind*,
storms, hoars, and every interjacency irregulates,
Brovma : Vulgar Srroun, bk. ylL, ch. xvti,
*In-ter-Ja'-9ent, a. [Lat. interjacent, pr.
par. of interjaceo = to lie between ; inter =
between, among, and jaceo = to lie.] Lying
between or among ; intervening.
" Berkeley, by the way, doe* not admit this lut ele-
ment in our judgment the number of interjacent
object*." J. S. Mill: Dtitertat ion ; Berkdetft Mfe A
Writing!.
* In-ter-Jao'-u-late, v.t. [Lat. inter = be-
tween, and jocw.br = to throw, to cast.] To
utter as an interjectional expression.
*"O DIu ! que n'-al-]e pu le volrf interjaculate!
Mademoiselle." Thackeray : The Nevcome*, ch. vli.
In-ter-jan'-gle, v.i. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
jcmgle(<\. v.).] To make a dissonant, discordant
voice, one with another ; to talk or chatter
noisily.
" For the divers disagreeing cords
Of interjartgling ignorance.*
Daniel : JftuopftUiu.
t', v.t. & {. [Lat. interjectus, pa.
par. of interjicio = to throw between : inter =
between, among, and jacio = to throw ; FT.
interjecter.]
A, Trans.: To throw or cast between or
among other things ; to insert.
"The papen contained sixty-four f question "I and
the rest were interjected with the accustomed vehe-
mence." Poll Mall Gatette, March 26. 1884,
B. Intrans. : To come between ; to inter-
vene ; to interpose.
" The confluence of soldiers interjecting reecned him."
Buck.
fn-ter-Jec'-tlon, *. [Fr., from Lat. interjec-
tionem, accus. of interjectio = a throwing be-
tween, an interjection, from interjectus, pa.
par. of interjicio.] [INTERJECT.]
* 1. Ord, Lang. : The act of throwing in or
tietween ; insertion, interposition.
" The loud noise which niaketh the interjection of
laughing. "Bacon. ( Todd, )
2. Gram. : A word thrown in parenthetically
In speaking or writing between words used in
construction to express some emotion or pas-
sion, as exclamations of joy, sorrow, pain,
astonishment, &c.
"I forbear not only sweating, but all interjection*
of fretting, aa pugh 1 pish ! and the like." rotter. No.
11L
tn-ter-Jec'-tlon-al, a. [Eng. interjection;
-at.]
1. Thrown in parenthetically between other
words or phrases : as, an interjectional obser-
vation.
"Th interjectional employment of common words
or incomplete phrase*." Whitney ; Life A Growth qf
Language, ch. x.
2. Of the nature or character of an inter-
jection*
"Interjectional utterance ends where speech be-
gtaa." Wilton : Prehistoric Man, iL 370.
8. Consisting of or characterized by inter-
jections or involuntary exclamations.
* In-ter-jec'-tlon-al-l^, adv. [Eng. inter-
jectional ; -ly. ] In manner of an interjection ;
as an interjection.
* lu~ter-jec'-tton-ar-^, a. fEng. interjec-
tion; -ary.] ThesameaslNTEBJEcrioNAL(q.v.).
* ln-ter-j6ct'--u-raLa- [From a fictive Eng.
interjectur(e) ; -a/.]" The same as INTERJEC-
TIONAL (q.v.).
He rapped out ft dozen inte-rjectural oath*. *
"in.- Rival*. U. 1.
In-ter-Join', * In-ter-Joyne, u.(. [Pref.
inter-, and Eng. join (q.v.).] To join mutu-
ally ; to unite, to marry.
"Sofellestfoee . . . shall grow dear friends.
And interjoin their Issues?
Sutteef. : Coriolanut. Iv. 4.
In'-ter-loTst, s. [Pref. inter-, and Eng. joist
<q.v.)J
Arch. : The space or interval between two
joists.
* in-ter-Juno'-tion, . [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. junction (q.vi)J The act of interjunc-
tion ; mutual junction.
* In-ter-knit' (k silent), v.t. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. Intl (q.v.):] To knit together.
* In-ter-knowl'-edge (fc silent), . [Pref.
inter- and Eng. knowledge (q.v.).] Mutual
knowledge.
" In mutiUllHnterXnotpleage, enjoying each other's
bleesednesse." Sp. Ball : Kecapit. of the whole Dit-
course.
In-ter-lace', * en ter lace, v.t. & i. (O.
Fr. entrelasser, from nfre=between, and lasser,
lacer = to lace.)
A. Transitive:
1, To intermix ; to put or insert one thing
within another ; to interweave.
" Apples of price, and plenteous sheavee of corn,
Oft interlaced, occur:' Pkilipe : Cider, i.
2. To pass in and out between.
" Severed into stripe
That interlaced each other." Coteper: Talk, L 41.
B. Intrans. : To be interwoven or inter-
mixed ; to intersect.
" Their slender shafta, with leavee interlacing."
Longfellow: Kmngeline. 1L 4.
1[ Interlacing arches :
Arch. : Circular arches which intersect each
INTERLACING ARCHES.
other. They are frequently found in Norman
arcades of the twelfth century.
In-ter-laced', a. [INTERLACE.]
Her. : The same as INTERFRETTBD (q.v.).
* an-ter-lace'-ment, s. [Eng. interlace ;
ment.] The state of being Interlaced ; Inter-
mixture ; insertion between.
In-ter-laid, pa, par. or a. [INTERLAY, v.]
in ter lam -In-at-ed, a. [Lat. inttr-= be-
tween, among, and lamina = & plate.] Placed
between laminae or plates ; iuclosed in laminae.
in ter-lam'-I-na'-tion, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. lamination (q.v.).] The state of being
interlaminated.
* in-ter-lapsej s. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
lapse, 6. (q.v.).J The lapse of time between
two events ; an interval.
"Tbeee dregs are calcined Into such salts, which,
after a short interlapie of time, produce coughs."
Barney : On Coiitumjftion.
In-ter-lard', v.t. [Fr. entrtlarder.}
* L, Lit. : To mix fat meat with lean ; to
diversify lean with fat.
" Whose grain doth rise in flakes, with fatness inter,
larded." Urayton: Poly-Olbton, a. 26.
IX Figuratively:
1. To intermix ; to Interpose ; to insert
between.
" I will not overpaase the multitude of others, but
interlard (as it were) arid disperse them among."
P. Holland: Pllnie, bk. codv. oh. Till.
2. To mix ; to diversify by mixture.
" They interlard their native drinks with choice
Of strongest brandy." J. PMlipl : Cider, bk. 11
" in-ter-lard -ment, s. [Eng. interlard;
-ment.] Intermixture. (Richardson : Clarissa,
iii. 89.)
* In-ter-lay', v.t. [Pref. inter-, and Eng. te
(q.v.).] To lay or place between or among.
"This chain of nature might be interlaid
Between the fattier and his high iutenti.
To hold him back.' Daniel : Civil Wart, IT, 1%
* In' ter-lea s. [Pref. inter-, and Eng. lr*j
(q.v.).] A leaf inserted between or amoi
other leaves ; a blank leaf inserted in a book.
In-ter-leave', v.t. [Pref. inter-, and Eng
leaf (pi. leaves)."] To insert a leaf or leave?
between others in a book. (Generally in the
pa. par.)
" It was nothing more than a small interleaved
pocket-almanack." Warbitrton: W orlu, L 87.
"In-ter-li'-bcl, v.t. [Pref. inter-, and libel
(q.v.).] To libel mutually or reciprocally.
in tcr-lig -ni-iim, . (Lat. inter = between,
and lignum = woou.]
Arch. : The space between the ends of the
tie-beams.
in-ter-lme', v.t. & {. [Fr. entreligner, from
Low Lat. interlined ; from Lat. inter = be-
tween, among, and linea = a line ; Fr. inter-
ligner; Sp. & Port, interlinear; Ital. inter-
lineare.]
A. Transitive:
1. To write or print in alternate lines.
" When, by interlining Latin and English one with
another, he has got a moderate knowledge of the Latin
tongue. Locke : On Education.
2. To write or print between the lines at,
as for purposes of correction or addition.
"The minute they had signed was In some places
dashed and interlined." Surnet: Silt, of Refurr*.
(an. 1530).
B. Intrant. : To write words between th
lines of others already written.
" I write, Indite, I point, I rase, I quote,
I interline. I blot, correct, I note.
Drayttm : Matilda to X. John.
in-ter-lin'-S-al, o. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
lineal (q.v.).] "Between lines ; interlinear.
In ter-lln'-e-ar, a. & s. [Low Lat. interlin-
ealis; from Lat. inter- = between, among,_and
linea a, line ; Fr. interlineaire.]
A. At adj. : Written or printed between
lines already written or printed.
* B. As subst. : One or more words written
or printed between lines already written or
printed.
" Scoring the margent with his blazing start.
And hundreth crooked interlinear^?
Bp. Sail. bk. i v.. sat, L
I Interlinear System : The same as HAM it,-
TONIAN SYSTEM (q.v.).
in-tt5r-lxn'-S-t>r-i(-l*. in-ter-Un'-S-ar-
Ij^, adv. [Eng. intenineary, interlinear ; -ly.\
In an interlinear manner ; by interlineation.
" Certalue common principles there are (together
with thU law) interlinearily written In the tables of
the heart." Bp. Ball : The (treat Imitator.
' in ter-lin'-e-ar-jf, a. &, t, [Eng. interli-
near; -y.]
A. Asadj.: The same as INTERLINEAR (q.v.X
" I have looked into Pagulu's interlinear^ version."
Law t Theory of Reliffion, pt. ii.
B. At tubst. : A book having Interlineations.
" Not to reckon up the Infinite helps of inierlineariet
breviaries, synopees, and other loitering gear." i/-
ton : Of Vnlictnted Printing.
in tcr lin-e-a'-tion, s. [Fr. interlineation.]
A. Ordinary Language :
1. The act of interlining or Inserting words
between others already written or printed.
2. That which is interlined ; one or more
words inserted between the lines of others
already written or printed.
" There was yet a former copy, more varied, and
more deformed with interlineation!." Johnton : Life
of Pope.
B. Laic : An alteration of a written instru-
ment, and the insertion of one or more words
after it has been engrossed.
in-ter-lln'-ing, . [Eng. interlink); -ing.\
An interlineation.
"At the end. the register and clerk of the court do
not only attest it with their hands and markH, but
reckon up the number of the laws, with the inter-
linings that are In every page." llumet : ffia. Reform
(an. 1629J,
* in-ter-linlc', v.t, [Fret. Inter-; and Eng.
link (q.v.).] To link together; to connect
together by uniting links; to join closely
together.
" These are two chains which are interltnlttd, wht<*
contain, and are at the same tljne contained. Dryaen :
Art of Painting, j 7L
te, fat, fare, amidst, what, fall, father; we, wet, here, camel, her, there; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine; go, pot,
or, wore, wolf, work, who, s6n; mute, onb, cure, unite, cor, rule, fall; try, Syrian. co e; ey-a; qu = kw.
interlink intermediary
2705
* In -ter-llnk, s. [INTERLINK, v.] An inter-
mediate link or connection ; an intermediate
step in a process of reasoning.
In-ter-loV-n-lftr, a. (Pref. inter-, and Eng.
lobiitar.] Situated between lobea.
Interlobular emphysema, s.
Pathol. : One of two forms of emphysema,
the other being of the vesicular type. In both
there is dilatation of the air-cells of the lungs,
and blending of them into one large cystic
cavity with effacement of their blood-vessels
and anaemia of the lung, causing dilatation of
the right side of the heart and anasarca, with
great difficulty of breathing. In interlobular-
emphysema air infiltrates the meshes of the
lung connective-tissue.
fa-ter-ld-ca'-tion, s. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
location (q.v.).] The act of placing between ;
interposition.
In-ter lock', v.t. [Pref inter-, and Eng. lock
(q.v.).] To unite, communicate with, or act
in association with each other.
" My lady, with her flugers interlocked"
Tennyton : Aylmer"* Field. 199.
fa tor I6ck -Ing, pr. par. or o. [INTER-
LOCK, v.]
A. As pr. par. (See the verbX
B. As adjective :
Railway Eng. : The term given to a principle
or system, applied by means of mechanism
called locking-gear, to levers used for working
the signals and switches of railways, whereby
the levers are prevented from being worked
otherwise than in consecutive and prearranged
order consistent with safety. By the adop-
tion of this system, no signalman, through in-
advertence or carelessness, can give conflicting
Or dangerous signals.
Interlocking -signals, .pl. [INTER-
LOO KINO.]
interlocking-swltches, s.pl. [INTER-
LOCKING.]
* Xn-ter-ld-cu'-tion, * [Fr., from Lat. inter-
locutionem, accus. of interlocutio = a speaking
between : inter- = between, among, and locutio
= a speaking [LOCUTION] ; Sp. interlocution;
Ital. interlocuxione.]
L Ordinary Language :
1. Interchange of speech ; dialogue, conver-
sation.
" A good continued speech, without a good speech of
interlocution, shows slowness." Bacon ; Ettayt ; Of
2. Alternate, orantiphonal speech or singing.
" It la done br interlocution, and with a mutual re-
turn of sentence* from side to side." Hooker : ccle-
liaitical Polity, bit. v., I S7.
3. Intermediate discussion or argument.
IL Law : An intermediate or decree before
final decision ; an Interlocutory decree or de-
cision.
"These things are called accidental, because some
new Incident In judicature may emerge upon them, on
which the judge ought to proceed by interlocution.'
Ayliffe: Paragon.
In-ter-ldV-u-tor. . fLat. inter- = between,
among, and * locutor = a speaker ; locutiis, pa.
par. of loquor to speak.]
1. Ord. Lang. : One who takes part In m
dialogue or conversation.
" Nor need I make the interlocutor! speak otherwlM
than freely tn a dialogue. "Boyle; Work*, 1. 462.
2. Scots IM.W: A decree or judgment pro-
nounced In the course of a suit, but which
does not finally decide the cause ; an interlo-
cutory decree.
fn-ter-lSc'-u-tor-^, * In-ter-Ioc-u-tor-
le, a. & s. [Eng. interlocutor ; -y ; Fr. inter-
locutoire; Ital., Sp., & Port, interlocutorio.}
A* As adjective :
1. Ord. Jjang. : Consisting of dialogue ; par-
taking of the nature of dialogue or conversa-
tion.
" The recitative consequently Is of two kinds, narra-
tive and interlocutory." Jayo ; Adam ; An Oratorio.
2. Law: Intermediate; not final or defini-
tive ; applied to an order, decree, or Judgment
given in the course of a suit, or on some in-
termediate question before the final decision.
" It Is easy to observe that the judgment here given
i> not final, but merely interlocutory ; for there are
afterwards further proceedings to be had, when the
defendant hath put in a better answer." Blackttont :
Commentaries, bk. lit., ch. 24.
* B. As subst. : A digression or discussion
Interpolated Into a discourse.
' In -ter-l&o-u- trice, *In-ter-l&c'-u-
trix, 3. [Formed from interlocutor, on analogy
of such words aa administratrix, &c.] A
female interlocutor.
"To Mrve her as audience and interlocturice."
C. BronU : Jane Byrt, ch. xlv.
* In-ter-lope', v.i. [INTERLOPER.] To run
between parties and intercept the advantage
that one would gain from the other ; to traffic
without a proper licence ; to forestall others,
to intermeddle ; to interfere officiously in
matters with which one has no concern.
" But Hymen, when he heard her name,
Called her an interloping dame."
Cotton : Life, Vision 8.
In'-ter-lop-er, s. [Lat. inter- = between,
among, and Dut. looper = a runner, from loopen
(cogn. with Eng. leap) = to run.]
* 1. One who intercepts or forestalls the trade
or traffic of another ; one who trades without
being legally authorized.
"AH those interloper* who bring their woollen
manufacture directly thither." Temple: Letter to
Merchant Adventurer*, March 26, 1675.
2. One who interferes or intermeddles offi-
ciously in matters with which he lias no con-
cern ; one who intrudes himself into a place
or position to which he has no claim ; an
intruder.
"The competition of these interloper* did not be-
come really formidable till the year 1680." Alacawlay ;
Bitt. Eng., ch, Jtvlil.
* In'-ter-ldp-Ing, s. [INTERLOPE, v.] In"
trusiou, insertion, interpolation.
"Ton should have given so much honour then to the
word . . . without the interloping of a liturgy for them
to bite at." Milton: Animad. upon the tiemont. i>v.-
fenoe.
* in-ter-lu'-cate, v.t. [Lat. interlucatus, pa.
par. of interluco = to lighten by clearing away
useless branches : inter- = between, among,
and lux (genit. lucis) = light.] To let in light
by clearing away branches, &e. (Cockeram.)
* in-ter-lu-ca'-tion, *. [Lat. interlu$atio,
from interlucahts.) [!NTERLUCATE.] The act
of letting in light by clearing away branches,
&c. ; the act of thinning a wood to let in light.
* ln-ter-lu'-9$nt, a. [Lat. interlucens, pr
par. otinterluceo, from inter- =between, among,
and luceo = to shine.] Shining between.
In'-ter-lude, s. [Low Lat. interludium, from
inter- = between, among, and ludus = a game,
a play ; Fr. interlude.]
1. An entertainment exhibited on a stage
between the acts of a play, or between the
play and the afterpiece, to occupy the time
while the actors are changing their dresses, or
the scenes, &c., are being shifted.
" Every man's name which Is thought fit, through
all Athens, to play in our interlude before the duke
and duchess." ShaJtetp. : Midiummer Jfiffhd Dream,
Li
2. The name given to dramatic compositions
In England from the time when thev super-
seded the old miracle or mystery plays till
the period of the Elizabethan drama.
"Many of the old interlude* and Moralities before
the time of Shakespeare were chiefly, but nut entirely,
composed of lines of twelve or fourteen syllables ; and
that sort of metre was generally appropriated to the
Vice in the Moralities, and to the clown or btinVm in
other inter Ittdet," Jialont : Dryden ; On Dramatic*
Potty. (Note.)
3. A piece of music, either impromptu or
prepared, played between the acts of a drama,
the verses of a canticle or hymn, or between
certain portions of a church service.
In'-ter-lud-e'd, a. [Eng. interlud(e) ; -ed.]
Inserted as an interlude ; having interludes.
* In'-ter-lud-er, * eV-ter-lud-er, *. [Eng.
interlud(e); -er.] One who performs In an
interlude.
" They make all their scbollers play-boye 1 Is't not
a fine sight, to see all our children iiitu\eenterludert)"
Sen Jonnon : Staple of Nevtei, act Hi
* ln-ter-lu'-n-cy, *. [Lat. interlwns, pr.
par. of interluo = to flow between ; inter-
between, among, and luo = to wash, to lave.]
A flowing between, water Interposed.
"Those parts of Asia and America, which are now
disjoined by the interluency of the a. might have
been formerly contiguous." Bale; Oriy. of Mankind,
p. 193.
* In-ter-lu'-nar, * In-ter-lu'-nar-*, a.
[Lat. infer- = between, among, and Eng. lunar,
lunary.] Pertaining or relating to that time
when the moon, being about to change. Is in-
visible.
"And silent as the moon . . .
Hid in her vacant inttrlunar cave."
Milton : Sanuon Agonitte*, 89.
In - ter - mar - rlage, s. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. marriage (q. v.).] Marriages between
families, tribes, or nations, when each takes
and gives in marriage.
" Intermarriage* were no longer possible exospt be-
tween equal ranks." Khy* David: Uiboert Ltcturmt
(1881), p. 34.
in ter-mar-ried, pa, par. or a. [INTER-
MAKRY.J
In-ter-mar'-ry, v.i. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
marry (q.v.).] To become connected by mar-
riage ; to give and take in marriage.
"A similar hard-aud-faat line preventing any on*
belonging to the non- Aryan tribes from intermarrying
with an Aryan family." fifty* David: flibbert i*
fure* (1881), p. 23.
In-ter max -U-lee, *. pi. [Lat. inter-, and
pi. of maxilla = the jawbone, the jaw.]
Anat. (Human & Compar.): Two bones
situated between the two superior maxilUe in
the Vertebrata. In man and some monkeys
they anchylose with the maxillae so as not to
be distinguishable in the adult. Where exist-
ent, the intermaxillae form the front part ol
the upper jaw and support its incisor teeth.
Called also Premaxillaries.
In-ter-max-il'-lar-y, a. & s. [Pref. inter-,
and Eng. maxillary (q.v.).]
A. As adjective :
Anat. (Human <fc Com/par.) : Of or belonging
to the intermaxillffl (q.v.); situated between
the maxillae or jaw bones.
B. As sitbst. (PI.) : The intermaxillae (q.v.).
* In -ter-mean, s. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
mean (q.v.).] Something done in the mean-
time.
* in ter-me-a'-tion, *. [Lat. inter- = be-
tween, among, and meatus = & passage.] A
flowing or passing between.
In termed die, * en tcr mod Ic, * in-
ter medle, v.t. A; i. [O. Fr. entremedler,
entremesler = to intermingle, from entre = be-
tween, among, and mesler = to meddle.]
* A. Trans. : To intermix, to intermingle.
" Many a rose-leafe full long
Was inter mettled there among."
Romaunt of the Ron, 904.
B. Intrans. : To meddle or interfere offi-
ciously in the affairs of others in which one
has no concern ; to interpose or interfere im-
properly.
" Nor stranger intermeddling with my joy.'
Cowper; Tatk, vi. 291.
In ter-med'-dler, 8. [Eng. intermeddle);
-er.] One who intermeddles or interferes om-
ciously in matters with which he has no con-
cern.
* In ter-med'-dle-some, a. [Eng. inter-
meddle; -some.] Given to Intermeddling or
interfering ; meddlesome.
" in ter-med -die-some-ness, . [Eng.
intermeddlesome ; -ness.] The quality or state
of being intenneddlesouie.
* to'- ter - medo, s. [Fr. ; Ital. intermedia,
from Lat. inter- = between, among, andmediu*
= the middle.] An interlude ; a short musical
dramatic piece.
y, 5. [Eng. intermedia(te) ;
-cy.] The quality or state of being interme-
diate ; interposition, intervention.
"The auditory nerve Is affected by the Impressions
made on the membrane by only the intermediacy of
the columella." Derham; Phytico-Theology, bk.lv.,
oh. ill. (Note 20.)
**n-ter-me'-dX-al, a. rPref. inter-, and
Eng. medial (q.v.).J Lying in the middle or
between ; intervening.
"Through all the intermedia! regions of cloud*."
Bithop Taylor : Sermon*, vol. L. ser. is.
Mn-ter-me-di-an, a. [Lat. inter- = be-
tween, among, and -niedius = the middle.)
Lying between ; intermediate.
* In-ter-me'-dX-ar-^ *. & a. [INTERME-
DIATE.]
A. As gubst. : One who or that which Inter-
venes or is intermediate ; an agent Interposed ;
a medium.
" The Crown Princess was the principal fnf*rm(tt</rir
In bringing about the purchase." Pott Mall Oatetu,
Feb. 23.1S84.
B. As adjective :
1. Ord. Lang. : Lying between, intervening
| Intermediate.
. v-6^; poilt, Joltrl; oat, 90!!, chorus, 90111, bench; go, gem; thin, this, sin, as; expect, Xenophon, exist, ph =
-elan, -tian = shan. -tion, -slon = shun; tion, slon - xhun. -tlous, -clous, -sious = shus. -ble, -die, <tc. - bel. del.
2710
intermediate intermittent
2. OrystaUog. (Of secondary planes) : Inter-
mediate between the planes on an edge, and
those on an angle.
In-ter-me'-cLi-ate, a. & . [Fr. intermediat,
from Lat. inter- = between, among, and me-
diatus, jta. par. of media = to halve ; medius
= the middle ; Ital. & Sp. intermedia.]
A. As adj. : Lying or being in the middle
place or degree between two extremes ; lying
between ; intervening, interposing ; in the
middle : as, an intermediate space between
two rivers, an intermediate position or rank, &c.
" Employed the intermediate time In collecting Lit
father's force*." Mown : Coracfocu*. (Argt )
B. A$ substantive :
Pharm. : A substance added to a medicinal
compound to enable the other ingredients to
combine.
intermediate-frame, *.
Sptnn. : The second fly-frame ; an inter-
mediate, in order of time, between the stub-
bing and the roving frame.
Intermediate-shaft, & The shaft cross-
ing the frame of a marine-engine, to connect
the two engines and two paddle-wheels.
intermediate state, *.
1. Theol.. Ac. : The state of the soul be-
tween death and the resurrection. (For Jewish
Tiews on the subject, see Hades.) Christian
opinions on the subject may be reduced to
two : one that there is a place distinct from
both heaven and hell in which disembodied
souls are kept till the resurrection [HADES,
LIMBUS, PURGATORY], the other that the souls
of the righteous at death becoming perfect in
holiness, immediately pass to heaven, whilst
those of the wicked, now beyond the power of
being regenerated, go to hell in anticipation
of the judgment day. The Greek and the
Roman Churches hold the first opinion, whilst
the Calvinistic or Puritan theology accepts the
latter view.
2. Ch. Hist. : The most notable controversy
on the subject of an intermediate state was
that raised by some discourses of Pope John
XXII. in the fourteenth century.
intermediate-terms, *. pi.
Arith. ( Alg. : In a progression the firstand
last terms are called extremes, the remaining
ones are called intermediate terms or simply
means. Thus in the proportion, 3 : 6 :: 4 : 8,
6 and 8 are the intermediate terms.
* In- ter me -dilate, r.f. [INTERMEDIATE, a.]
To intervene, to interpose, to interfere.
" Opposing jova intermediating authority." JHfcon .-
Lettert of State ; To Guttavm Adotphut.
* to-ter-me'-di-ate-l& adv. [Eng. inter-
mediate; ~ly.] By way of intervention.
* fa-ter-me-di-a'-tion, * [Pref. inter-,
and Eng. mediation (<\.\ t y\ Intervention, in-
terposition.
* In-ter-me'-di-a-tor, *. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. mediator (q.v.).] One who intervenes
between two parties ; a mediator.
* m-ter-me'-di-OUS, a. [Lat. inter- = be-
tween, among, and medius = the middle.]
Intermediate, intervening.
* Jn-ter-me'-dl-um, s. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. medium (q.v.).]
1. Intermediate space.
2. An intervening agent or Instrument.
* In-ter-meU', *.t. & t [0. Fr. entremesler;
P entrem&ler.]
A. Trans.:To mix, tomingle, to intermingle.
"The life of this wretched world is always inter-
tnelled with much bitterness." Fitker ; Psalmt.
B. Intrans. : To intermeddle, to interfere.
"To ... boldly intermea
With holy things."
J/ariton . Scourye of I'Wany,
tn-ter'-ment, * en-tere-ment, s. [Fr.
enterrement, from enterrer.] The act of in-
terring, burial, sepulture.
* In-teV-men'-tion, v.t. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. mention (q.v.).] To mention amongst
other things ; to include in mentioning.
*ln'-ter-mess, 3. [Probably intended as an
. English form of intermezzo (q.v.).] An inter-
lude ; a short dramatic piece.
"Some other interment* which might divert within
doim" Evelyn : Memoirt, Aug. 4, 1690.
in ter-met-a-car-pal, a. [Pref. inter-,
and Ettg. metdcarpal.]
Anat. : Between the metacarpal bones of
the hand : as, intermetacarpal articulations.
(Quain.)
* in ter mez-zo (mezas metz), s. [Ital.]
Music : An interlude ; a short composition
of a lively character played between the parts
of a more important work, or between the acts
of a drama, &c.
* in-ter-mi'-cate, v.l. [Lat. intermicatum,
sup. of intermico, from inter- *= between,
among, and mico = to shine.] To shine be*
tween or among.
"In-ter-nu-ca'-tion, *. [INTERMICATE.] The
act or state of shining between or among.
* In-ter-nu-gra'-tion, *. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. migration (q.v.).] Motion or removal of
two families from one country to another, so
that each takes the home of the other ; inter-
change of dwelling-places.
" Though the continent be but one. u to point of
access, mutual intercourse, and possibility ol intermi-
yranont." Battt Orij. of Mankind, p. 300.
Jn-ter'-min-a-ble, a. & . [Lat. intermina-
bilis, from in- = not, and terminus = an end ;
Ital. interminabiU ; Sp. interminable.]
A. As adjective :
1. Boundless, endless, unlimited, illimitable,
Infinite.
*' Seas ol mow that shine
Between tnterminahl* tracts of pine."
Wurdnvorth : Descriptive Sketche*.
2. Protracted so as to be apparently end-
less ; wearisomely protracted.
" The debate* were long and sharp ' nd It soon be-
came evident that the work wu interminable."
Jfacaulay : Ilitt. Eng., ch. xiv.
*B. As subst.: The Deity; the Infinite
Being.
"A If they would confine the interminable
And tie him to hia own prescript."
Mtiton : Annum Agonittet. 907.
In-teV-mJn-a-ble-ness, . [Eng. intermin-
able; -ness.} The quality or state of being
Interminable ; endlessness.
In-teV-min-a-bly^ adv. [Eng. interviina-
b(le); -ly.] In an interminable manner or
degree ; endlessly.
"A Idngdome restored magnificently, tnt ernUnabt^.'
Up. Sail : Contempt. ; Christ Transfigured,
* in-teV-min-ate, a. [Lat. interminatus,
from in- = not", and terminatus bounded,
limited : termino = to end, to limit ; Ital. in-
terminate; Sp. interm.in.ado; Fr. intermine.]
Unbounded, unlimited, boundless.
" But faer estate
In passing hli, was BO intermirtat*
For wealth aud honour."
Chapman : Hero A Leander. Mat. T.
Interminate decimal, s.
Arith. : A decimal which may be carried on
ad infinitum, as a repeater. Thus $ reduced
to a decimal become *S833, Axs., ad injlnitum,
and is written &. An infinite decimal. [IN-
FINITE.]
* In-teV-min-ate, v.t. [Lat. interminatits,
pa. par. of interminor r inter- = between,
among, and minor to threaten ; mince =
threats.] To threaten, to menace.
" Enough, enough of these inttrminattd j udgmenta,"
Hall : Remaint, p. 193.
* ]n ter' mln- at-ed, a. [Pref. In- (2)^ and
Eng. terminated.} Boundless, endless, inter-
minable.
"To follow her interminated way."
Akensid* : Imagination, L
in-ter-mXn-a'-tion, *. [Lat interminatio,
from interminatus, pa. par. of iTiterwinor.] A
threat, a menace.
"With threatening* and (ntomirfnaffami of hUseTere
Judgement)* against them." Bp. Taylor: Diu. from
Poptrt. Pt li.. bk.il., f .
* in- ter -mined', a. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
mine (q.v.).] Intersected with mines.
" Her earth with allom veins so richly intfrmin'd."
Drayton : Poly-Qlbvm, a 28.
in-ter-mm'-gle, v.t. & i. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. mingle (q.v.).}
A* Trans. : t To mingle, to mix amongst
others, to intermix.
" The sheeted smoke with flashes of flame intermin-
gled." Longfellow; Evangel inc. L 6.
B. Intrans. : To become or be mingled,
mixed, or incorporated with others.
" Shadow and sunshine intermingling quick."
Cotoper : Tatk, i. 847.
* in-ter-mM'-gle-doin, .*. [Eng. \->uerm,in-
gU;-dom.\ Mixture. (Ulcitardson : Grandison.
vi. 184.)
* In'-ter-nu^e, *. [Lot. inter- as between,
among, and missus, pa. par. ofmitto = to send.]
Interference, interposition.
* In'-ter-mlss, s. [Lat. inter- = between,
and missus = sent.] An interval.
" In which short inttrmitt tlie king relapsed to his
former errour." J/t. of tidward I!., p. 94 (1G60X
in ter miss'- Ion (as as sh), s. [Fr., from
Lat. intermissionem, from intermissio = a leav-
ing off, from intermissus, pa. par. of intrr-
miito = to leave off: inter- = between, among,
and mltto to send ; Sp. intennision ; Ital.
intermission. ]
L Ordinary Language :
1. The act or state of intermitting ; cesta-
tion or discontinuance for a time ; pause ;
intermediate stop, interruption, rest.
"They answered one another without inter-minion.*
ffunyan : Mtyrim't Progrtu, pt L
* 2. The state of being discontinued or dis-
used ; disuse, neglect
"Words borrowed of antiquity, hare the authority
of years, and out of their inter-mittlon do win to them-
selves a kind of grace-like newness." Sett Jonton:
* 3. Intervening time ; interval.
" Cut short all inlermiuion ; front to front
Bring thou this neud of Scotland, and myself
Shaketp. : Macbeth, IT. t.
* 4. Interposition, intervention.
" In any part meddle by way of friendly inttrmi*
tion.'Btjttin : ffitt. Pretty tenant, p. 1M.
IL Pathol. (of a fever): Temporary cessatioo
of a paroxysm.
* in-ter-mU'-Bive, a. [Lat intermiw, pa.
par. of intermitto.] [INTERMISSION.] Having
temporary cessations ; not continuous; inter-
mittent ; coming by fits.
" Wounds I will lend the French, Instead of eyws,
To weep their intermiuive iniaeries."
8kak*V>. : 1 Henry VI. t L
in-ter-mlt', v.t. & i. [Lat. intermitto = to
send apart, to interrupt. [INTERMISSION.]
A. Trans.: To leave or discontinue for a
time ; to cease temporarily ; to forbear, to
Interrupt, to suspend.
"The bickerings which had begun In Holland had,
never been intermitted during the whole course of the
expedition." Jiacaulag: Ilitt. Eng., ch. v.
B. Intrans. : To leave off or cease for a
time ; to cease or relax at intervals.
" Heaved on the surge with intermittntg breath,
And hourly panting in the arms of death."
rope t Bomer ; Odyuey v. 496.
t m ter-mit'-ten9e, 0. [Eng. intermittent);
~ce.} The act or state of intermitting; inter-
mission. (Prof. Tyndall in Annandale.)
in ter-mit'-tent, a. & *. [Lat. intermittent,
pr. par. of inwrmi^o = to intermit (q.v.) ; Fr.
intermittent; Ital. intermittent^ ; Sp. infermi-
tente.]
A. As adj. ; Ceasing or relaxing at inter-
vals ; not in continual action or force.
"The doctor Is curing her almost as one of an 4nte*v
mittcnf-fever." Boyle : Workt. vi 4TT.
B. As subst. : An intermittent fever (q.v.).
If Intermittent action nf the heart :
Pathol. : A morbid state, in which, after
the heart has made a certain number of regular
beats, it misses one. It arises from dyspepsia,
temporary debility, the use of tobacco, &c,
intermittent-fever, &
Pathol. : [AauB].
Intermittent-fountain, *.
Hydraul. : A stoppered glass globe, nearly
two-thirds filled with water. The globe has
two or three capillary tubulures, curved down-
wards, for the egress of the water. A glass
tube, open at both ends, terminates above,
within the glass globe near its top, and the
lower part, just above a small aperture, in
a dish supports the apparatus. The water
flows out by the tubulures till it rises In the
dish high enough to close the lower snd of
the glass tube, and to prevent the entrance of
the external air, the pressure of which is need-
ful to continue the flow ; the water then ceases
to run out.
intermittent-gear, s.
1. A wheel having a part of its cogs cut
away ; mutilated gear.
2. A wheel moved at intervals by a cog,
cam, ratchet, rack, or lever ; as in counting-
machines, meters, registers, escapements, <tc.
fltte, fftt, rare, amidst, what, fall, father ; we, wet, here, camel, her, there ; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine ; go, pot,
or, wore, wolf; work, wh6, son; mute, cub, cure, unite, cur, rule, full ; try, Syrian, w, ce - e. ey - a. qu kw.
intermitting international
2711
Intermittent-light, . One of the cha-
racters of light exhibited from lighthouses
under the catoptric system. The variations
or different characteristics of lights enable a
mariner coming within sight of them on a
coast to determine his geographical position
and bearings. The intermittent light bursts
suddenly into view, remains steady a short
time, and is then eclipsed for half a minute.
The effect is produced by the motion of shades
in front of the reflectors, alternately display-
ing and hiding the light. [ FLASH INO-LIGHT.J
Intermittent-pulse, *.
I'nthvl. : A pulse which, beating steadily for
a time, then intermits. It arises chiefly from
the innervation of the heart, and follows on
some physical or moral shock to the system.
v Intermittent siphon, s.
Hydravl. : A vessel having a siphon with
Its .shorter leg near the bottom of the vessel,
and the longer leg passing through it A
continuous supply of water being provided,
the level gradually rises, both in the vessel
and the tube, to the top of the siphon, and
an outflow begins. It being arranged that
this should be more rapid than the inflow,
the siphon Is gradually emptied, and the
water ceases to come forth.
intermittent spring, *.
Hydrol. : A natural spring which alternately
flows and stops. A cavity is more or less
slowly filled by springs, and then at intervals
emptied by fissures, so shaped and placed as
to constitute natural intermittent siphons.
Intermittent springs exist in various parta of
the world.
Intermittent-wheel, s. The name In-
cludes all the escape-wheels ; counting wheels
1n meters, arithmometers, and registers ; stop-
motions in clocks and watches, ratchet move-
ments, &c., Ac.
In-ter-mlt'-tlng, pr. par. & a. [INTERMIT.]
U-asing or relaxing at intervals ; intermittent.
Intermitting -spring, . [INTERMIT-
TENT-SPRING.]
In-ter-mlt'-tlng-l& adv. [Eng. intermit-
ting; -ly.] In an intermitting or intermittent
manner ; with intermissions ; at intervals.
" Suffering it to look up bnt intermittinffly." Jfoun-
t.i'jitn : Devout* Xttayet, pt. Ii., tr. Ti. $ 2.
In-ter-mlx', v.t. & i. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
mis (q.v.).]
A. Trans. : To mix or mingle with others ;
to intermingle.
"They ing praises unto God, which they intermix
with instrument* at music." Sir T. Mor: Utopia
(L Robbuon). bk. 1L, ch. xi.
B. Intrant. : To become intermingled or
Incorporated with others ; to be intermingled.
Jn ter-mixed', pa. par. or a. [INTERMIX.]
* In-ter-inXT'-e'd-ljf, adv. [Eng. intermixed;
ly.} In an intermixed manner; with inter-
mixture.
*in ter-mlx'-tion (x as U), *ln-ter-
mix-cl-on, s. [Lat. inter- = between, among,
and mixtio = a mixing.] The same as INTER-
MIXTURE (q. v.).
"Tnw christen people in thli world, which, without
fntermixdon of obstinat* heresies, prof
cathollke faith." SKr T.Mora:
fn-ter-mix'-ture, *. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
mixture (q.v.). J
1. The act or process of intermixing or
mixing together.
" Both were marked
By circuuiatancewith intermixture fine."
Wordtworth : Exeurtion. bk. V.
2. A mass formed by the mixture of two or
more ingredients.
3. An admixture ; something additional
mingled in a mass.
"He may indeed Judge certain intermixtures of ad-
veroity to be proper for our improvement.'' Blair:
Workt, vol. ii., iier. v.
'-l-t^, *. [Pref. inter-, and
Em;, mobility (q.v.).] The quality or state of
being capable of moving amongst each other,
as the particles of a fluid.
In-ter-mo-dil'-li-on. s. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. modillion (q.v.).]
Arch. : The space between two modillions.
* In ter mon'-tanc, a, [Lat. inter- = 'be-
tween, among, and montanvs = pertaining to
mountains; mons (genit. mentis) - * moun-
tain.] Between mountains.
in ter-mun'-dane, a. [Lat. inter- be-
tween, among, and mundanua = pertaining to
the world ; mundu* = tlie world.] Being or
existing between worlds, or between orb
and orb.
" The vast distance between then great bodle* we
called intermunaan* paces." Lock*: Klcmentt QJ
Natural fMlotojAy, ch,li.
* in-ter miin'-di-aLn, a. [Lat. inter- = be-
tween, among, and mundus the world.]
Intennundane.
Jn-ter-mur'-al, a. [Lat. inter- = between,
among, and muralis=z pertaining to a wall;
murus = a wall.]
1. Ord. Lang. : Lying or being within walls.
2. Anat. <* PathoJ. : Between the intestinal
walls.
H Tliere are sometimes Interraural intes-
tinal obstructions, as cancerous stricture,
non-cancerous stricture, and intussusception,
witli or without polypi.
* In ter mure', v.t. [Lat. inter- between,
among, and murus = a wall.] To surround
with or inclose in walls. (Ford.}
in ter-mus cu lar, o. [Tref. inter-, and
Eng. muscular (q.v.).J Lying or being be-
tweeu the muscles.
In ter muscular- septa, s. pi.
Anat. : Two fibrous partitions binding the
aponeurosis of the arm to the humerus. They
are called the External and Internal Inter-
muscular Septa.
* in-ter mu ta'-tlon, *. [Pref. infer-, and
Eng. mutation (Q.V.).] Mutual or reciprocal
change or mutation ; Interchange.
* in ter-mu' tu-al, a. [Pref. inter-, nd
Eng. mutual (q'.v.).] Mutual, reciprocal, al-
ternate.
" By intennutu'il vows protecting there,
Thi* never to reveal." J*mt2 : CMl Wart, ill. 35.
* in-ter-mn'-tn-aM& adv. [Eng. inter-
mutual ; -ly. ] Mutually, reciprocally.
" And intennutvally there ratified
With protestAtions." Daniel; Oivtt Wan.vii. 80.
* in'-tern, a. & s. [Fr. interne, from Lat.
intemus = inward, from inter- = within, be-
tween ; Ital. & Sp. interno.]
A. As adj. : Internal, intestine, domestic.
"The Inland towns an most nourishing, which
shows that her riches are intern and domestic."
Howl.
B. As svbst. : A pupil who resides In a
seminary or school ; a boarder. (In Roman
Catholic Schools.)
In-torn', v.t. [Fr. intemer.} To send to or
confine !n the interior of a country, without
permission to leave.
"When a considerable portion of the French army
routed at Sedan took their flight through Belgian ter-
ritory, they laid down their arms according to conveu.
tion, and were interned in the dominions of King Leo-
fold." Annual Kcgiiter. 1870.
in-teV-nal, a - [Lat. intern(v\ from inter-
within, between ; Eng. suff. -al.]
L Ordinary Language :
1. Inward, interior, not external; being
within or inclosed in any limits or bounds.
"There must be some internal organs within us, as
tar above the organs f brutes, an the operations of oar
miuds are above theira. 11 StttUxgJUet : Work*, voL ilL,
Mr 7.
2. Domestic, not foreign; belonging to
Itself or its own affairs or interests.
" The internal regulations of one branch of the Le-
gislature." Saturday Rewim. Feb. 11. 1882, p. 180.
3. Derived from or dependent on the object
itself; inherent : as, internal forces.
4. Pertaining to the mind or thoughts ;
pertaining to one's inner being.
* 5. Intrinsic, real.
" The internal rectitude of our aetlona." Rogtn.
U. Geom. : The same as INTERIOR (q.v.),
Internal angles, 5. pi
Geom. : [INTERIOR- ANGLES],
Internal-gear, *. A wheel whose cogs
are on the internal perimeter.
Internal safety-valve, *,
Steam-eng. : A valve opening Inwardly into
the boiler, to allow air to enter when a vacuum
is formed inside by the condensation of steam.
internal-wheel, *. An annular wheel
whose cogs are presented internally.
* In-ter-nal'-X-t?, t. [Eng. internal; -t*.]
The quality or state of being internal.
In ter -nal-ly, adv. [Eng. internal ; -ly.]
1. Inwardly, within ; in or at the interior ;
beneath the surface.
2. Mentally, intellectually, spiritually.
"Those who were well qualified, and seemed to b*
internally called by a divine vocation." Burnet:
Uitt. Reformation (an. 1M7J.
In-ter-n&'-tlon-al, or. & . [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. national (q.v.).J
A. As adjective :
1. Pertaining to or mutually affecting the
relations and intercourse of nations with each
other.
"To avoid Intervention. It must leave untouched" the
international tribunals." Saturday Review, March
18, 1883, p. 310.
2. Of or pertaining to the society called the
International. [B.]
B. As substantive:
History : The recognized contraction for a
society of which the full title was The Inter-
national Working Men's Association. It owed
its being to Karl Marx, the author of Dns Capi-
tal, and was founded at a meeting held in St.
James* Hall, London, In 1864, under the presi-
dency of Prof. E. S. Beesley. Two Parisian
workmen, Henri Tolain, a chaser in bronze,
and Eugene Fribourg, a decorative engraver,
attended as delegates for their fellows. Mr.
George Odger was elected President, and a Ger-
man tailor, Eccarius, secretary. Statutes and a
general manifesto, drawn up by Karl Marx.
were issued. Of the manifesto Prof. Beesley
says, " It is probably the most striking and
powerful statement of the workman's case as
against the middle class that has ever been
compressed into a dozen small pages." The
first congress met at Geneva, Sept. 3, 1866.
Some sixty delegates, chiefly French and Swiss,
were present, and the subjects discussed
were :
1. International combination of effbrta by the agency
of the Association In the struggle between labour aim
capital.
2. Limitation of the houn of the working day.
X Juvenile labour.
4. Co-operative labour.
5. Trades Union*.
The congress was ignored by the London
papers, and the reports entrusted to Jotteaux,
a Swiss naturalized in England, for convey-
ance to London, were taken from him by the
Imperial Police as he crossed the French
frontier, but afterwards restored on the inter-
vention of Lord Stanley, tben Foreign Secre-
tary. The next congress was held at Lausanne
in the following year, and the Times published
lengthy reports of its proceedings. In that
year the International kept foreign workmen
out of the labour market in England in case of
strikes. In 1868 the Paris Association was
dissolved by judicial proceedings, bnt indi-
vidual members kept up their connection with
the parent society, which was victorious in a
contest with the master-builders of Geneva ; and
in Germany 120 societies sent representatives
to Nuremberg, and affiliated themselves. The
third congress was held at Brussels in the Sep-
tember of this year, and its discussions on war,
strikes, machineryj instruction, credit, proper-
ty, and the reduction of the hours of labour,
formed the subject of four leaders in the Times.
TheSocialDemocratic Centresat Vienna, Pesth,
and Presburg sent delegates to Brussels. The
fourth congress was held at Bale in Sept., 1869,
and on Dec. 13, the day of the opening of the
Reichstag, 40,000 workmen assembled in the
streets of Vienna, demanding that a bill should
be brought in legalizing; trade combinations ;
numbers were arrested and Imprisoned. In
this year Bakunin joined the Association, and
his influence soon became apparent. In 1870
the members of the Committed* of Paris,
Lyons, Marseilles, Toulouse, Brest, and Rouen,
were sentenced to terms of imprisonment, but
were released on the proclamation of the Re-
public. The International now separated into
two parties. At the Hague Congress, in 1872,
Bakunin's, or the extreme party, was oat-
voted by the followers ui Marx, who trans-
ferred the seat of administration to New York.
After the Geneva Congress, in 1874, the Inter-
national Proper ceased to exist. Bakuniu's
party lingered till 1879, and then formed an
alliance with Socialism (q.v.). The general
aims of the International were the abolition
of wage-paid in favour of associated labour, to
^; pint, J13H; cat, 90!!, chorus, 9hln, bench: go, gem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, Xenophon, exist. -Ing.
-clan, -tlan = shan. -tion, -sion=shnn; -tion, -slon = zhnn. -tlous, -aions, -clous = shus. -ble, -die, &c. - bel, <leU
2712
Internationalism interpellate
be developed to national dimensions by na-
tional means, the abolition of private property
in the means of production, and their rever-
sion, with land, to the State.
international-code, .
tfaut. ; A common system of maritime signal-
ling, now adopted by commercial nations gener-
ally, in order to facilitate communication at
sea between vessels of all nations.
international-copyright, *. [Corv-
KIOHT.]
International-exhibitions,*.^. Ex-
hibitions of the industries characterizing the
different countries of the world. The first
was the World's Exhibition, held in 1861. In
London. It was followed by those of London,
Paris, Vienna, Philadelphia, Chicago, Ac.
international-law, *.
Law 4t Hist. : The name given by Bentham
to what had previously been called the Law
Of Nations. It arose gradually during the
latter part of the middle ages, when commerce
and navigation, not very flourishing during
the prevalence of the feudal system, began to
revive with its decline. At first it took the
form of commercial usage, then it was promul-
gated In " royal ordinances," and finally be-
came tacitly recognised as commercial law.
Then ft was extended to all international
transactions, even though not commercial.
It is divided into three departments : the prin-
ciples that should regulate the conduct (l) of
states to each other; (2) of private parties
arising out of the conduct of states to each
other ; (3) of private parties as affected by
the separate internal codes of distint nations.
Its leading principles are three : (1) that
every nation possesses an exclusive sovereignty
and jurisdiction in its own territory ; (2) that
no state or nation can by its laws directly
ffect or bind property out of its own territory,
or persons not resident therein, natural born
subjects or others ; (3) that whatever force
the laws of one country have in another depends
solely on the municipal laws of the latter.
The tendency of international law is to prevent
war.
In tcr na-tion al Ism, s. [Eng. interna-
tional; -ism.} The principles or objects advo-
cated by the Internationalists.
In ter na tion-al ist, *. [Eng. interna-
tional; ~ist.}
1. One who upholds the principles of inter-
national law.
2. A member of the secret society known as
the Internationa).
*' The glit of Rll theories of the Intfrnatimialittt la
thi*." RijXev A Dana: Amur. Kyctop.. ix. MS.
In-ter-na'-tion-al-ize, v.t. [Eng. inter-
national; -tee.] To make international; to
cause to affect the mutual relations of two or
more nations.
t Xn-ter-na'-tlon-al-iy, adv. [Eng. inter-
national; -ly.] In an international manner;
from an international point of view ; so as to
Affect the mutual relations of two or more
nations.
" Would It be internationally cotirteoiu of England
to flood the Tunnel?" Saturday Jleview, Feb. 11, 1883,
p. 186.
fa-terne', . [INTERNE, a.] That which >
within ; the inside, the interior. (E. S. Brown-
ing.)
In-ter-ne'-cl-ar-y (ol as shit), a. [Lat.
internecio = utter slaughter ; neco = to kill,
to slaughter.] The same as INTERNECINE
(q.v.).
In ter-ney-In-al, a. [Lat. internecin(ui),
from intemecio utter slaughter ; Eng. adj.
nff. -al.) Mutually destructive; extermi-
nating, internecine.
In ter ne-9ine, a. [Lat. inttmeciniu.]
Mutual destruction ; endeavouring or Involv-
ing mutual destruction ; deadly.
" The Egyptians worshipped dogs, and for
Their filth mud* internecine war."
Butler : Sudibrat. pt. 1., 0. i.
In-tcr-ne'-clon (d as sh), . [Jr., from
Lat. internecio.] Mutual slaughter or destruc-
tion.
"The number of interneciom and slaughters would
exceed all Arithmetical calculation." Bale: Oria oj
Mankind, p. 215.
In-ter-ne'-CiVe, a. [La*. inferneofo) = to
kill, to slaughter ; Eng. adj. suff. -ive.] Kill-
ing, slaughtering, internecine. (Carlyle.)
* In-ter-nec'-tton, . [Lat. internecto = to
bind together: inter- = between, among, an.l
necto = to bind.) A binding or fastening to-
gether ; connection, conjunction, bond.
" He coupled hii own goodness and man', evils by 10
admirable an inUrnection that even the wont part*
of the chain drew some good after them." Mountague :
Reroute Kuayet, pt. it. tr. IT.. | L
In-ter-neur -al, o. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
neural (q.v.).]
Anat., Ichthy., etc. : Situated between the
neural processes or spines.
Interneural-cartllage, a. A small ac-
cessory cartilage at the fore and back part of
the neur-apophysis, in the vertebral column
of a flub. (Owen: Compar. Anat. of Fithti (ed.
1846), p. 53.)
Internenral-mplnes, i. ft. Spines sup-
porting the framework of the dorsal fin. In
osseous fishes they are generally shaped as in
the interhsemal spines, like little daggers,
looking as If plunged In the flesh up to the
hilt. (Owen: Compar, Anat. ofFUku, p. 67.)
* sn-teV-nl-t*, . [As if from a Low Lat.
internitaf.] fnteriorness ; interior presence.
"The iniernfty of hlsever.llvuig light." fl. Brooi*:
fool / yualiry. It. Stt.
In tern mdnt, >. [Fr. intrrnement.} Con-
finement to the interior of a country as
prisoners of war ; the state or condition of
being so confined.
In ter-nod al. In -ter -nod- it- al, a.
[Eng. inttrnod(e) ; -al ; Lat intenodi(um), and
Etig. suff. -al]
Bat., etc. ; Of or belonging to the Intel-nodes.
" But the intemedial parts of vegetables, or spaces
between the Joint*, are contrived with more uncer-
tainly." Bro*Tt4: Cirui Garden, ch. 111.
In'-ter-node, i. [Lat. intenuxiium.]
Hot. : The space between two nodes of the
stem. [NODE.]
In ter-no -dl a, . pi. [PL of Lat .ntenw-
dium.] [INTERNODE.J
Anal. : The digital phalange*. They are
fourteen in number three for each of the four
fingers and two for the thumb.
In-tcr nod'-i al, a. [INTERNODAL.]
* In' ter nun9e, .<. [Lat. inter- = between,
and nuncius a messenger.] A means of
transmitting messages between two parties.
" Intelligence Is familiarly conveyed by the inter.
unce of pigeons trained up for the purpose. Evelyn :
nunce o
Navigation it Commerce.
(ol as shl), o. [Eng.
In ter niin'-cl
internunci(o) ; -a
1. Ord. Lang. : Of or pertaining to an Inter-
nuncio or his office.
2. Phytiol. (Of the nermut it/item) : Trans-
mitting impressions between one part of the
body and another.
"A definite nervous system, whose action may be
purely internuncial that of calling forth muscular
movements in respondeuce to the impressions made by
external agencies. Carpenter : Mental Pkytlat.. f 4i.
" In-te'r-niin'-cl'-e'ss, . [Eng. internund(o) ;
en.] A female messenger.
" Iris that had place
Of intemuncieu from the gods."
Chapman : Homer: /Htufxv.
In-ier-nun'-of-d, . [Pref. inter-, and nuncio
(q.v.).]
1. A messenger between two parties.
" They are only tbe internuneiof. or the go-betweens
of this trim-devised mummery." Milton : Animad.
upon Remon. lie/ftice.
2. An envoy of the Pope, sent to small
states or republics, as distinguished from a
nuncio, who represents him at the courts of
emperors and kings.
" The tnternuncio at Brussels proceeded to censure
those that were for it. as enemies to the papal autho-
rity." fiurnrf : Own Tim** (an. Iflttt.
In -tcr -nun 91 6 -ship, . [Eng. infcr-
nuncio; -tliip.]
1. The office of an Internnncio.
* 2. The agency of any messenger.
"Several billets psased ... by the (nttmtmcloiAip
of Dorcas." Rtehardton: Clariua, v. 6.
In-tcr-o-ce an -1C (ce as she), a. [Pref.
inter-, and Eng. oceanic.] Between two oceans.
n-ter-Sc'-u-lar, o. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
octitor.]
Anat. Entom. : Situated between the eyes.
in-ter-6-pey-cu-lar, a. [Mod. Lat. infer.
opercul(um), and Eng. suff. -ar.]
Compar. Anat. it- Idithy. : Of or belonging
to the interoperculum (q.v.).
Intcropcrcular-bono, >.
Compar. Anat. Ichttiy. [iNTEROPEBCULUsf^
In-ter-^-per'-ou-liim, . [Pref. infer-, and
Lat. operculum (q.v.).]
Compar, Anat. & IchtKy. : One of the four
portions of which the gill-cover of a llsh is
composed. It is articulated to the pre-oper-
cular one above, to the sub-opercular behind,
and usually to the back part of a mandible of
some fishes. Called also Intropercular Bone.
(Owen: Compar. Anat. o/Fitha, p. 114:)
[Pref. inter-, and or-
any orbit, as those of
[Pref. inter-, and
.).] Connecting two
' any kind, as a variety
a species two genera,
L family two tribes, a
In-ter-oV-Wt-al, a.
tital.)
Anat., if, : Between
the eyes.
In-ter-oV-cu lant, a.
Eng., etc. osculant (q.v
different assemblages of
connecting two species,
a genus two families, i
tribe two orders, etc.
In ter oV-cu-late, v.t. [Pref. inter-, and
osculate (q.v.).]
BioL : To connect two different assemblages.
[IHOSCULAKT.]
m-ter-68 sS-al, In-ter os'-sc-ous, .
[Pref. inter-, and Eng. osseal, osseoiw (q.v.).]
Anat., etc. : Situated between bones. There
are interosseons bones, nerves, arteries, and
an interosseous ligament,
In-ter-6V-s-i, . pi. [Pref. inter-, and masc,
pL of Lat. ossens.]
Anat, : Two sets of muscles. The Dorsal
Interossel, seven in number, withdraw the
fingers from the middle line of the hand ;
there are corresponding muscles In the foot,
four dorsal and three plantar. (Quain.)
in ter-Ss-sc ofis, a. [INTEROSSEAL.]
* In-ter pale', v.t. [Pref. inter- and Eng.
pale (q.v.).]
1. To place pales between ; to divide by
pales.
2. To interweave, to interlace.
" He ware upon his head a diademe of purple Inter.
paled with white." Brtnde : (juintui Curtiu*. to. 15U
In-ter-par-i-e'-tal, a. [Pref. inter-, and
parietal (q.v.).]
Compar. Anat. ft Zool. : Between the parietal
bones, as the interparietal suture occurring in
the young of the Ruminantia and Carnivora.
* In-ter-poss', r.i. [Pref. Inter-, and Eng.
past (q.v.).] To pass between.
"Many skirmishes inlerpatted with orprlaementl
of castles." Daniel: Sift. Bng., p. 47.
* In'-ter-panye, . [Pref. ister-, and Eng.
pause (q.v.).] A pause or stop between ; an
intermission.
"Giving an tnterpatue to pride and sprU."
Daniel: Civil Wart. vl. 72.
* ln-ter-peal', * In-ter pell , v.t. (Lat in-
terpello to interrupt : inter- = between,
among, and petto = to drive.]
1. To interrupt, to hinder, to Interfere with*
"This being thus : why should my tongue or pen
Presume to interpetl that fulness*. "
Hen Jomon,- On my MUM, nitty ff.
2. To intercede with, to appeal to.
" Here one of us began to inter j,e<a
Old Mnemon."
a. Mart: OnOaSmO, pt L. bk. UL. | SI.
In-ter-pS-dun'-on-lar, o. [Pref. inter-,
and Eng. peduncular.]
Anat. : Between the peduncles of the cere-
brum.
interpedunoular-gpace, .
Anat. : A lozenge-shaped interval situated
between the peduncles of the cerebrum and
containing the posterior perforated space, the
corpora albicantia, and the tuber cinereum.
In-ter-pel'-late, v.t. [Lat, Interpellate, pa.
par. of interpello.} [INTERPEAL.] To ques-
tion ; to address a question to ; especially
said of a question addressed by a member of
a legislative assembly to a minister.
Ate. fat, fare, amidst, what, fall, father ; we, wet, hare, camel, her, there ; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine ; go, pit,
or, wore, wolf, work, who, son; mute, cub, care, unite, cur, rule, full; try, Syrian, so, ce = e; ey = a. qu = kw.
interpellation interposition
2713
In ter-pel-la'-tion, $. [Fr., from Lat. inter-
peiiationem, ace. of interpellatio = a speaking
between, an interruption, from interpellate*,
pa. par. of interpello. [luTEBPKLUiTtt. J
* 1. The act of interrupting or interfering;
interruption.
"The littler make* no little ciuuplaiut ot the impor-
tnntty of those contiiiUH.ll interpeUittiont." Sp. Ball:
Dffeni-e of the Bumble Slemoruiranc*.
* 2. The act of interposing or interceding
on behalf of another ; intercession, interposi-
tion.
" Continually* be maketh interpellation for V* sin.
tun." finis : Apologia, to. 8.
* 3. A summons, a citation.
** In all extrajudicial act* one citation, monition, or
xtrajudiclal interpellation is sufficient" Ayliffe:
farergon.
4. A question addressed by a member of a
legislative assembly to a minister or member
of the government.
In ter pen'-e~trate, v.t. & i. [Pref. inter-,
and Eng. penetrate (q.v.).]
A. Tram. : To penetrate between other sub-
tances ; to penetrate mutually so as to form
union.
B. Intrant. .* To penetrate between or
within bodies ; to penetrate mutually, so as
to form a union.
In ter-pen-S-tra'-tlon, . [Pref. inter-,
and Eng. penetration (q.v.).] The act or state
of interpenetrating; the actor state of pene-
trating mutually so as to form a union.
* In-ter-pn'-$~tra-tfve, o. [Eng. inter-
penetrate); -tve.] Penetrating between or
within other bodies ; mutually penetrating.
t In-ter-pt'-al-a-r3f,n, [Pref. inter-; Eng.
petal, and sufT. -ary }
Bot. : Between petals.
i-ter-pet'-SE 6-lar, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. petiolar.}
Sot. : Between the petioles or leafstalks.
In ter pha-ldn'-ge al, o. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. pkatangeal (q.v.).]
Anat. : Between the phalanges of the hand
and foot. There are interphalangeal articula-
tions of both.
In-ter-pH-as'-ter, *. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
Piaster (q.v.).]
Arch. : The space between two pilasters.
* tn-ter-plaoe', v.t. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
place (q.v.).] To place between or among.
"The power of lords (thus inter-placed
Betwixt the height of princes, mid the state)."
Daniel : Civil Wan. rlL 58.
ln-ter-plan'-e't-ar-3f, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. planetary (q"v.).] Situated or existing
between the planets.
"In the Intermundiwe or interplanetary space*,
that it refracts the rays of the moon and other remoter
luminaries." Boyle : Work*, V. 612.
"aB'-ter-play, . CPref. inter-, and Eng. play
(q.v.).] Reciprocal action or influence.
In tor plead', * en-tcr-pload, v.i, [Prof.
inter-, and Eng. plead (q.v.).]
Law : To plead or discuss a point incidental
to a cause, before the principal cause is tried.
[INTERPLEADER.]
3n-ter-plead-er, * en -ter-plead or, .
(Eng. interplead ; -*.]
Lav):
* 1. One who interpleads.
2. The pleading or discussion of a point
Incidentally arising, as it were, between or in
the middle of a case, before the principal cause
is determined. Interpleader is allowed that the
defendant may not be charged to two severally
where no fault is in him ; as where one party
brings detinue against the defendant upon a
bailment of goods, and another against him
npon trover, there shall l>e interpleader to
ascertain who has right to his action.
" If A claim be made hy a third party to the good* of
the person against whom the writ of fieri faciat is
Ivied, the sheriff may Impanuel a Jury to try the
Siestion of property ; and according aa the question
determined, surrender the goods or Mil them In
terms of the writ. But he now usually proceeds in
such a case under the Interpleader Acts ; and obtains
from a Judge >it chambers, a summons directed to the
execution creditor, and the party claiming the goods;
and calling upon them to appear and maintain their
respective claims ; which, if the claimant fail to do,
his claim IB barred. But if both parties appear, the
Judge may decide between them ; or an interpleader
Isaue, to try the right of property, Is directed ; on
which the parties go to trial as In ordinary cases."
Blaclutane: Comment., bk. iii.. ch. 11.
Interpleader-order, .
Law : (See extract).
"Again, if the defendant doea not claim any interest
In the money or goods for which the plaintiff IB suing,
and they are claimed by some other party, be may
apply to a Judge for an interpleader order, whereby
the third party is called upon to appear and state his
claim, ana maintain or relinquish It, his falling to do
so being for ever after a bar to his prosecuting it
rust tlie defendant." BlacJutan* : Comment., bk.
ch.ll.
* in ter pledge', v.t. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
pledge (q.v.).] To pledge or plight mutually
or reciprocally.
" We inttrpledge, and bind each other's heart."
Davenant : (Jondibcrt, I. vL
* In ter point , v.t. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
point (q.v.).] To distinguish by points or
stops ; to place or insert points or marks of
pause or stop.
" Her heart command*, her words should pass out first,
And then her sighs should interpoint her words."
Daniel: Civil Wart, li. M.
e, o. [Eng. interpolate);
-able.] Capable of being interpolated or in-
serted ; suitable for interpolation. (De Morgan,
in Annandale.)
In -teV~po* -late, v.t, [Lat. interpolatus, pa.
par. of interpolo = to polish up, to interpolate ;
interpolu*. interpolis = polished up ; inter- =
between, among, and polio = to polish ; Fr.
interpoler ; Sp. interpotar ; Ital. interpolare.}
L Ordinary Language :
1. To insert, as a spurious word or passage
In a book or document ; to add a spurious
word or passage to ; to foist in.
2. To alter or corrupt by the introduction
or insertion of spurious matter : as, to vitiate
or corrupt a book by the interpolation of
words or passages spurious or foreign to the
subject.
" In the larger epistles, which are generally supposed
to be interpolated, the passages of the Old and New
Testament are more numerous." Jorlin .' /torn, on
Scclet. Bitt.
* 3. To introduce at intervals ; to carry on
with intermissions.
"The alluvion of the sea upon those rocks might be
eternally continued, but interpolated." Bale : Orig.
of Mankind, p. 96.
IL Math. Phys. .* To introduce or find one
or more intermediate terms necessary to com-
Slete a partial aeries of numbers or observa-
ons ; to make the necessary interpolations
on : as, To interpolate a table of numbers.
In-tcr'-po-lat-ed, pa. par. & a. [INTERPO-
LATE.]
A* As pa. par. : (See the verb).
B. As adjective:
I. Ord. iMng. : Inserted or added to the
original ; foisted in ; spurious.
II. Mathematics:
1. Having had the necessary interpolations
made : as, an interpolated table.
2. Introduced or determined by interpola-
tion : as, interpolated numbers.
In-teV-po-lat-er, tLat., from interpolates,
pa. par. of interpolo; Fr. interpolateur.] One
who interpolates ; one who foists spurious
words or passages into a book or writing ; one
who vitiates or corrupts by interpolation.
In-ter-pi-la'-tion, s. [Fr., from Lat. inttr-
polationem, accus. of interpolatio = an altera-
tion made here and there, from interpolatus,
pa. par. of interpolo; Sp. interpolacion ; Ital.
interpolaztone.) [INTERPOLATE.]
L Ordinary Language :
1. The act of interpolating ; the act of foist-
ing in or introducing spurious words or
passages into a book or writing ; the act of
corrupting or vitiating by the introduction or
Insertion of matter spurious or foreign to the
subject
"By transcribing. Interpolation, misprinting, and
creeping in of autichrouiams now and then strangely
disordered." Drayton ; Poly-Qlbion, s. 4.
2. That which is interpolated ; spurious
words or passages introduced or inserted in a
book or writing.
" Sir. I beseech yon to accept or pardon these trifling
interpolation*, which I have presumed to send you."
Evelyn: Letter to Mr. Aubrey. Feb., 1675-0.
II. Math. Phys. : The operation of finding
terms between any two consecutive ones of a
series which shall conform to the law of the
series. In most cases the law of the series is
not given, but only numerical values of certain
terms of the series, taken at fixed and regular
intervals. The method of interpolation is of
extensive use, not only in pure analysis and
geometry, but also in various other subjects
of mathematical inquiry and computation,
particularly in astronomy. In this latter
branch of investigation it is the means of sav-
ing, in many cases, immensely laborious com-
putationa. Thus, for example, In finding the
places of some of the planets whose motions
are not very rapid, it will be sufficiently accu-
rate to compute their places for every fourth
or fifth day, and then by interpolation, to find
their places for intermediate days.
* in-ter-poT-ish, v.t. [Pref. inter-, and Eng
polish (q.v.).] To polish here and there; to
polish in parts.
"Cunningly interpolitht by some second hand."
Milton: Reaton of Church ffort.. bk. L, ch. v.
* &i-ter-p$a'-J-t#, . [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
polity.} Exchange of citizenship.
" The transplant lug and intercity of our specie*."
Lytton.- The Oaxtont, bk. xlll., ch. 1.
* Xn-ter-p6ne', v.t. [Lat. interpono, from in-
fer- between, among, and pono = to place,
to set.] To place or set between or among ;
to interpose.
* In ter-pon'-ent, . [Lat. interponens, pr.
par of interpono.} One who or that which
mterpones or interposes.
** Lop down these interponent* that withstand
The passage to our throne. '
Hay wood t Rape of Lucrece,
* In-ter-pdf'-al, . [Eng. interpose) ; -al.}
1. The act of interposing; interposition |
interference,
2. The act of coming between ; intervention.
"Our overshadowed souls may be emblemed by
crusted globes, whose influential emissions are inter-
cepted by the interposal of the benighting element,
GlanviU: Scepsis Scientific*, ch. it
ln-ter-pose', v ,t. & i. [Fr. interpoer t from
Lat. inter- = between, among, and pono (pa.
par. positits) to place, to set.] [INTERPONE.]
A. Transitive:
1. To place or set between ; to cause to in-
tervene.
" Mountains interpoied
Make enemies of uatioua." Couiper : Tatk, ML 17.
2. To place between or among ; to thrust
in ; to intrude ; to present or put forward for
obstruction, interruption, aid, succour, or ad-
justment of differences.
" What watchful cares do interpote theutelve*
Betwixt your eyes and night!"
Shaketp. : JulHu Ctar, 11. L
3. To utter or remark between the words of
another.
" If Adam aught, perhaps, might interpote,"
Milton : P.L., xlL &
IB* Intransitive:
1. To be or come between ; to Intervene.
"Long hid by interpoting bill or wood."
Cotoper ; Truth, 249.
2. To come or step in between parties at
variance ; to intervene ; to intercede ; to
mediate.
"The prayers of thow
Who for th' offending warriors interpose."
Dryden : Palawan A Arcite, it. 8M.
3. To make a remark byway of interruption
between the words of another.
* In-ter-poe', . [INTERPOSE, v.} The act
of interposing ; interposition, interposal, in-
tervention.
" Without the wise interpote of state-physician*."
Spenter ; On Prodigiet, p. llu.
!n-ter-pdy-er, . [Eng. interpose); *?.]
1. One who or that which comes between
or intervenes.
" I will make haste ; but, till I come again, . . .
No rest be interpoler 'twixt us twain."
Shaketp. : Merchant of Venice, ill. 1
2. One who comes between parties at vari-
ance ; a mediator.
* in-ter-p$f-it, *. [Lat. inter- = between,
among, and posittu, pa. par. of pono = to
place.] A place of deposit between one com-
mercial city or country and another.
in-ter po $i -tion, * in-tcr po-ai -oion,
$. [Fr., from Lat. interpositionem, accus. of
interpositio, from interpositus, pa. par. of in-
terpono = to place between ; Sp. interposition;
Ital. interposixione.} [INTERPONE.]
I. Ordinary Language :
L The act of placing or setting between or
among.
" By reason of the often interposition of the Initial
letters.' Sir T. More: Worket, p. l.WL
*^-; poiit, 16%1; oat, cell, chorus, 9hin, bench; go, gem; thin, this; sin, as; expect, Xenophon, eyist. ph =
-Man = ahan, -tion, -alon = shun ; -(Ion, -slon = xhun. -oioua, -tioua, -eioua = shus. -We, -die, &c. = hel, dfl.
5714
interposure in terrorem
2. The state of being or coming between ;
Intervention.
" It is a mere privation of the sun's light by reason
of the inter ponr/o it of the earth's opacous body."
WOkint: The J/ourt a World.
3. Intervenient agency ; mediation ; inter-
vention ; justitiable interference : as, A quarrel
It settled by the interposition of friends.
* 4. That which is interposed.
"A shelter, and a kind of shading cool
InterpotUion." Jfilton : />, A. Hi. m
* 5. Words or phrases used parenthetically.
"Some vseso many interpositions, both In their talke
Md in their writing, thiit they mitke tbelr sayings as
tJarke us helL "~ it'Ston : Arteo/ Rhetoriyue, p. in,
n. Min. : The placing by natural agency of
A crystal of one mineral in the mass or crystal
of another, or anything similar ; the state of
being so interposed.
In ter po'-sure ( as th), *. fEng. inter-
pos(e); -.] "The act of interposing, Inter-
posal, interposition. (GlanvUl: Pre-exlstence
of Soul*, ch. xi v.)
in tcr'-prd*t, * In-ter-prete, v.t. & i. [Fr.
interpreter, from Lat. interpreter, from inter-
pres (gen. interprets) = an interpreter; 8p.
itUerpretar ; Ital. interpretan.}
A. Transitive:
I. Ordinary Language :
1. To explain the meaning of; to expound;
to translate from an unknown or foreign Ian-
guage into one known ; to define; to decipher.
"Emmanuel, which being interpreted. Is God with
*."- Matthew 1. SS.
2. To explain or unfold the intent, meaning,
or reasons of ; to make clear ; to free from ob-
scurity or mystery ; to expound ; to make
Intelligible.
" Pharaoh told them his dreams : but there was none
that could interpret them unto htm."-<7*tw*fc xlL ft.
8. To assume the meaning of; to under-
stand ; to explain to oneself.
"The child who knows no better
Than to interpret hy the letter,
A story of a cock nml bull."
Covper: Pairing Time Anticipated.
4. To represent artistically ; to act ; to re-
present the intentions or meaning of in action.
" The choruses were Admirably interpreted.' A then-
urn, Nov. 10, 1388, p. CIO.
II. Math. : To explain by the application of
mathematical rules.
B* Intransitive:
1. To act as an interpreter ; to explain,
* I could interpret between you and your love."
Shakftp. : Samlet, liL 1.
2. To understand ; to assume as an explana-
tion.
If For the difference between to interpret
and to explain, see EXPLAIN.
" In-ter'-pret-a-ble, a. [Eng. interpret;
able.} Capable" of being interpreted, ex-
pounded, or explained.
" Howsoever the law be In truth or interpretabte."
Orayton : Poty-Olbion, a. 17.
Xn-teV-pret-a-ment, *. [Lat. iterpreto-
mentum..} Interpretation, explanation.
In-ter'-pre'-tate, v.t. [Lat. interpreted
pa. par. of interpreter = to interpret (q.v.).]
To interpret.
" And those I took to be of mine own opinion, and
divers doctors that followed, whose sentence I did in*
terpretate as to agree with mine." Strype : Life of Sir
Jokn Ckdte, oh. T., i L
In-ter-pre-ta'-tion, a. [Fr., from Lat. in-
terpretationem, accus. of interpretatio, from
tnterprttatut, pa. par. of iuterpretor = to in-
terpret (q.v.) ; Sp. interpretation ; ItaL inter-
prttazione.}
I. Ordinary Language :
1. The act of interpreting, expounding, or
explaining that which is unintelligible, not
understood, or not obvious; translation, ex-
planation, exposition.
"Do not interpretation* belong to God T" ffeneett
* 2. The power of explaining or expounding.
" We beseech thee to prosper this great sign, and to
ire us the interpretation and use of It In mercy."
Bacon.
3. The sense or explanation given by an in*
terpreter.
" Those texts may receive a kinder aud more molli-
fied interpretation?' Dryden: Religia Laid. (Pref.l
4. The conception and representation of a
tharaeter on the stage.
" The part of Cassandra ... Is capable of tar more
nrlons interpretation than that of her rival."
Atheiumtm, Dec. 25. 1380. p. 876.
B. Math.: The process of explaining results
arrived at by the application of mathematical
rules. When, for example, an algebraic defi-
nition is laid down, there is frequently some
restriction implied in making the definition,
BO that the result to which it leads presents
more cases than can be explained by it, or
even than was contemplated by it. Thus the
abbreviation of aa t aaa, into a 3 , a 3 , and the
rules which spring from it, lead to results of
the form *, o, o, &c. These results, until
interpreted, are without any intelligent alge-
braic meaning.
f Scripture interpretation : [ExBOESis, HKB-
MENEUTICS].
*ln-ter'-pre-ta-tive, a. [Lat toittrpn-
toJ(u), pa. par. of interpreter to interpret
(q.v.) ; Eng. adj. suff. -ive.]
1. Fitted or designed for interpretation ;
explanatory, expounding.
" The rigour of interpretatio lexicography. 1 * John-
torn.- *nff~Dlct. (Prtf.)
2. Collected or known by interpretation.
"Th rejecting their additions may Justly be deemed
an interpretative siding with heresies." Sammond.
* ln-tey-i>rS-ta-tive-l& adv. [Eng, inter-
pretative ; -ly.] In an interpretative manner ;
so as to interpret.
"Hy this provision the Almighty interftretatit>ely
peaks to him lit this manner." Jtaf: On the Creation.
in-ter'-pre'-ter, "in-ter-pre-tour, .
[Eng. interpret ; -er.]
1. One who or that which interprets, ex-
plains, or makes clear what Is unintelligible,
not understood, or not obvious ; an expounder,
a translator.
" Sacred interpreter of human thought,
How few respect or use thee AS they ought"
Ctneper : Convrrtution, i*.
2. Specifically, one who explains what a
speaker says in one language to the person
addressed in another.
" Friday's father had learned Spanish . . . and he
should serve him for an interpreter." Defoe : Kobiit
mm Crutoe, pi. 1L
3. One who conceives and represents a
character on the stage.
* In-ter-priM, s. [ENTERPRISE.]
* In ter punc'-tion, . [Lat. interpnnctio,
from inter- = between, among, and punctut,
pa. par. of pungo = to prick ; ItaL interpun-
zione.] The act of making or placing points
between sentences or parts of sentences ;
punctuation.
"A various interpunction, a parenthesis, a letter, an
accent, may much alter the sense." Taylor: Libert)/
Of Prophesying, J *.
In-ter-quar'-ter, . [Pref. intor-, and Eng.
quarter (q.v.).]
Arch. : The space between two quarters.
* In-ter-ra'-di-aLa. [Lat inter- m between,
among, and ro<2iu0 = a ray, a radius.} Between
the radii or rays.
* In-ter-rS-9eive', tU [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
receive (q.v,).] To receive between or within.
in-terred', pa. par. or a. HHTER, p.]
* in-ter-re'-gen 9^, * In-ter -re' -gentle,
*. [Pref. inter-, and Eng. regency (q.v.).] An
Interregnum (q.v.).
"The government was called Interregnum, the to.
terreffeneie."P. Holland: Li*y. P- "
* in tcr-rc -gent, s. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
regent (q.v.).] One who has the chief power
during an interregnum (q.v.)-
"M. F. Camlllu* was created interregent'P. Hol-
land: Livy, [>. 21.1 1.
in ter-reg niim, s. [Lat., from inter- * be-
tween, and regnum = a kingdom, a reign.]
1. The time during which a throne is vacant
between the death or abdication of a sovereign
and the accession of his successor, or between
the cessation of one government and the esta-
blishment of another.
2. An interval during which the powers of
the executive are in abeyance, owing to a
change of government.
"Persons who, under pretence of promoting the
union, might really be contriviiig only to prolong the
"
ffitt. Knff.,ch. xlii.
3. Any period of abeyance.
* In' -ter- reign (olgn as an), *in-ter-
reigne, *. [Fr. interregne t from Lat. inter-
regnum.] An interregnum (q.r.X. (Bacon:
Henry VIL)
t In-ter-re-la'-tlon. *. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
relation (q.v.).] Correlation ; reciprocal rela-
tion.
"The interrelation of the Gospels." A Ot^nmum^
Aug. 2, UK p. 1 44.
* In-ter-rd-peT-lent, a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. repellent (q.v.).] Mutually or recipro-
cally repellent.
In-teV-rer, s. [Eng. inter, v. ; -er.] One who
inters or buries.
* in'-ter-rex, s. [Lat, from inter- = between,
and rex = a king.] A person appointed to
govern during an interregnum ; a regent.
" The proposition for the appointment of an intern*
which lit mentioned l>y Llvy."LewU: Crea. Karly
Roman Sift, (issaj, ii. 204.
in-tcr'-rd-gate. v.t. & i. [Lat. interrogate,
pa, par. of interrogo to question : inter- =
thoroughly, and rogo = to ask ; Fr. inter-roper;
8p. interrogar; Ital. inirro^ar.]
A* Trans. : To question ; to examine by
asking questions.
"The messenger was arrested. Interrogated, and
searched; and the letters were round." Macaulay :
SUt. Sny., ch. xiii.
B. Intrans. : To ask questions ; to examine.
" By his Inatructious touching the quarn of Naples
It Heemeth lie could interrogate touching beauty."
Bacon: Henry I'll.
* Kn-ter'-rd-gate, . [INTERBOOATE, v.} A
question, an interrogation.
" Ask me of things to come concerning my sons, Ac,
referring the ventura, (things to come) to the follow-
ing interroyatt."~Bp. HmU: Catetof Contcitnce, Dee.
8, cassia
* in-ter-r&-gft-tee', . [Eng. interrogate);
suff. -.] One who is questioned or interro-
gated.
in tcr-ro ga -Uon, s. [Fr., from Lat. in-
terrogationein, accus. of interrogatio = an ask-
ing, a question, from interrvgatus, pa. par. of
interrogo = to interrogate (q.v.); 8p. interro-
gacion ; Ital. interrogazione.]
I. Ordinary Language :
1. The act of interrogating or asking ques-
tions ; examination by questions.
" He opposlth by interrogation, and would be aua-
swered." /fp. Gardner: Explication, to. 80.
2. A question aaked or put ; an enquiry ; a
query.
" We heare of no more objections, no more intem-
gition."~lip. Salt; Contempt. ; The Annunciation.
II. Print. ; The mark, note, or sign (0 which
Indicates that the sentence preceding it con-
tains a question.
In-ter-ro'g'-a-tlve, a. & *. [Lat interroga*
tivug, from interrogate, pa. par. of interrogo
= to interrogate (q.v.) ; Fr. interrogate/; ItaL
& Sp. interro^a/iw).]
A. As adj.: Denoting a question ; employed
In asking questions ; expressed in the form of
a question : as, an interrogative pronoun, an
interrogative sentence.
"Though, instead of the interrogative point, th*
HebrewB make use of their interrogative He.'B<jyle:
Workt, it. 27&
B. As substantive :
Gram. ; A word used in asking questions,
auch as Who ? When ? How ?
" For al voices that are relatluw, may sometimes b
interroyatiuet, as whan they aske a question." Udal:
Flowert, to, 1M.
, adv. [Eng. interro-
gative; -ly.] In an interrogative manner; in
form of a question.
"Mr. Poiw, perceiving the absurdity of the common
Interpretation, seems to have read the lines interro-
gatively ."Surd : Note* on the Epiitle to Augiatw.
in-ter'-r6^-ga-t6r, *. [Lat., from iuterro*
gatus, pa. par. of inierro^o = to interrogate
(q.v.).] One who Interrogates ; one who asks
questions.
In-ter-rSg'-a-t6r-& in-ter-rog-a : tor-
le, a. & 8. [Lat. interrogatorius = consisting
of questions ; Pr. interrogatoire ; Sp. & Ital.
interrogatorio. ]
A. As adj. : Containing a question ; express-
ing a question ; interrogative.
B. As subst. : A question, an inquiry, a
query; specif., in law, a question asked in
writing.
" tnterrogatoriet framed (or the purpose of ascer-
taining how ttiey would act at a general election."
M.icautay : ffitt. Eny.. ch. vlii.
In te>-ra'-rem, phr. [Lat.] With the vtew
of terrifying.
fitte, fat, fare, amidst, what, fall, father ; we, wet, here, camel, her, there ; pine, pit, sire, sir, marine ; go, pdt,
or. wore, wolf, work. who. sdn ; mute, cab, cure, unite, car. rule, full ; try* Syrian. . OB = e : ey = a. QU = kw.
interrupt interstice
2715
in-ter-riipt', v.t. [Lat. interrupts, pa. par.
of interrumpo = to break through : inter-
between, among, and rumpo = to break.]
1. To stop, binder, or obstruct the progress
or process of anything by breaking in upon it ;
to stop or break the current or course of any-
thing ; to cause to be delayed or given over
for a time ; to cause a temporary cessation or
Intermission in,
" Interrupting prayers and sermons with clamour
and scurrility." ifacaWay .- Hist. Kn<j . ch. xvii.
2. To binder a speaker from proceeding by
Interposing remarks or exclamations ; to break
In upon the conversation of.
" Answer not before thou hast heard the cause ; m-i-
theT interrupt men in the midst of their talk." Ecclut.
Xi.8.
3. To form a break in ; to break the regular
puceession of.
" Flanders was ertcted into a county, which changed
the title of Forester for that of Count, without inter-
rupting the succession." sir W. Temple; United
Provinces, ch. 1.
i. To cause a break or gap in.
" Find the brightness interrupted by fewer clouds."
Blair: (ForJfci, vol. v., er. l.
6. To disturb, so as to prevent from con-
tinuing at one's occupation : as, To interrupt
a person at his work.
If For the difference between to interrupt
and to disturb, see DISTURB.
* In-ter-rupf , a, & s. [Lat 1 . interruptits, pa.
par. of interrumpo = to break through.]
A. As adj.: Irregular, interrupted. (Bwrton.)
B. As subst. : A gap, a chasm.
"No ban of hell, nor all the chains
Heap'd on him there, nor yet the main abyss.
Vide interrupt, can hold/' Milton: P. L., ill. 84.
In-ter-rupt'-ed, pa. par. A a. [INTEBBUFT,
*.]
A. Aa pa. par. : (See the verb).
B. As adjective:
1. Ord. Lang. : Broken off, intermitted.
2. Bot. : A term used when any symmetrical
arrangement is destroyed by causes operating
locally.
interrupted-spike, s.
Bot. : A spike having the axis here and there
unusually elongated, and not covered with
flowers.
In-ter-rupf-Sd-l?, adv. [Eng. inter-
rupted; -ly.]
1. Ord. Lang. : "With breaks or interrup-
tions ; not in continuity.
" The owl's long cry, and, inter-
ruptwtty,
Of distant sentinels the fitful
song
Begun and died."
Byron : X<ifre<l, Hi. 4.
2. Pot. ; So as to be inter-
rupted (q.v.).
interruptedly pin
mate, a.
Bot. : Having the leaflets al-
ternately large and email, as
In the potato.
fa-ter-rtipt'-er, *Xn-ter-
rttpf-01% *. [Eng. interrupt.
v. ; -er, -or.] One who or that
which interrapts.
" The great disturbers of those pleasures, and inter*
ruptrt of the caresses of those lusw." South: Sermons,
vol. IT., ser. 8.
In tcr rup'-tlon, * In-ter-rup-cion, s.
[Fr. interruption, from Lat. interruptionem,
accus. of interruptio = an interrupting, from
interruptus, pa. par. of intemtmpo = to Inter-
rupt (q.v.); Sp. interrupcion ; Ital. interru-
slone,]
1. The act of Interrupting or breaking in
upon.
2. A hindrance, a stop ; an obstacle caused
liy the breaking-in of something upon the
course, progress, or process of anything ; a
toppage.
" Here the first stop our rapid course delays,
And with a grateful int err nation stays.
Brooke : The Fox Cham,
3. A breach, break, or gap caused by the
breaking-in or intervention of anythingforeign;
intervention, interposition.
" Places severed from tbe continent by the interrup-
tion of the sea. 11 ffate : Orig. of Mankind,
*i. Intermission; temporary cessation.
"This way of thinking on what we read, will be a
__iboulyithe beglnnluf
familiar, it will be diapa
terruption ' "
(Toad.)
rnb only in the beginning ; when custom has made it
familiar, it will be dispatched without resting or in-
terruption In the course of our reading." Locke.
* In-ter-rup'-ttve ( a. [Eitg. interrupt; ~ive.}
Tending to interrupt ; Interrupting.
ruptive; -ly.] bo as to interrupt; by inter-
pa
tw
in -ter-rup'- tlve-ljf, adv. [Eng. inter-
"y-I
ruptioo.
* In-ter-soalxne', . [Fr., from Lat. inter-
scalmium, from inter- = between, and scalmus-
B an oar.]
Antiq. : In ancient galleys that part of the
side of the vessel included between two oars
or rowlocks ; it contained about four feet.
in ter scap'-u-lar. a. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. scapular (q.v.).]
Anal. : Situated between the shoulder
blades.
* In-ter-scgnd'-ent, o. [Lat. inter- = be-
tween, and scandens, pr. par. of wndo = to
climb.]
Alg. : A term applied by Leibnitz to quan-
tities when the exponents of their powers are
radical : as, x >J 2, x -J a, from their holding a
mean, as it were, between algebraicand trans-
cendental quantities.
* In-ter-scifnd', v.t. [Lat. interscindo, from
inter- = between, amoug, and scindo *= to cut.]
To cut off.
* In-ter-Bcribe', v.t. [Lat. intertcribo, from
inter- = between, among, and scribo = to
write.] To write between.
* In-ter-ae'-cant, a. [Lat. intersecans, pr.
par. of intersect) : inter- = between, among,
and seco = to cut] Cutting or dividing into
parts ; crossing, intersecting.
Xn-ter-sect', v.t. & i. [Lmt. intersectus t pa.
ar. of intersect) = to Jcut apart : inter- be-
ween, among, and seco = to cut.]
A* Trans. : To cut into or between ; to cut
across ; to cut mutually ; to divide into parts.
" Where frequent hedgerowi interact rich fields
Of many a different form and different hue,
Bright with ripe corn." Scott l AmwtU.
B. Intransitive :
1. Ord. Lang. : To cut into each other; to
meet and cross each other.
" Did I say Its floor
Waamada of foferMctfn? cedar beams?"
Browning : SordeUo. bk. U.
2. Geom.: To cut each other. Two lines
are said to intersect when they cross each
other, having a point in common. Two sur-
faces intersect when they cut each other,
having a line, or lines, in common.
in-ter-sec'-tion, . [Lat. intersectio, from
intersectus, pa. par. of interseco = to intersect
(q.v.) ; Fr. intersection; Sp. interseccion; Ital.
inter 'sezione.}
I. Ordinary Language :
L The act or state of intersecting; the state
Of being intersected.
"The intertection of the planes of the equator and
elliptic." Kay : On the Creation, pt L
* 2. A cutting up or dividing into parts.
" Obstructed and embarrassed by the frequent inter -
lection* of the sense which are the necessary effects of
rhyme." Johnton : Life of Thornton.
n. Geom. : The point or line in which two
lines or planes cut each other.
In-ter-sec'-tion-al, a. [Eng. intersection;
-a/.] Pertaining to" or formed by an intersec-
tion or intersections.
* In-ter-Bem'-i(-nate, tU. [Lat intersemi-
natus, pa. par. of intersemino ; inter- = be-
tween, among, and semino=to sow; semen
(genit. seminis) = a seed.] To sow between
or among.
* In-ter-sertf, v.t. [Lat intersertus, pa. par.
of intersero : inter- = between, among, and
ero= to sow, to plant] To put or set be-
tween other things ; to insert, to interpolate.
"If I may tntersert a short speculation, the depth of
the sea ia determined in Pliny to be fifteen furlongs."
Brereuood, (Todd.}
* Jn-ter-er'-tlon, *. [Eng. intersert; -ion.]
Something inserted or put In between or
among other things ;;au insertion ; an interpo-
lation.
" They have some intcrtertioni which are plainly
spurious."/?/'. Ball : A Defence of cAe Bumble Re.
momeranc*.
* Jn-ter-set, v.t. [Pref. infer-, and Eng. $el
(q.v.).] To set, place, or put between or
among.
" He saw this barrier of dislike
Thus intertet," Daniel : Civil Wart, Tilt M.
* In ter Shock', v.t. [Fief, inter-, and Eng.
s/wcA:(q i .v.).] To shock mutually or recipro-
cally.
" What dlscontentmenta will there still arise
In such a camp of kings to tnterthock
Each, other's greittueu. '
.' Chorvt in />fcOobu.
t in-tdrn.i-der'-S-.A o. [Pref. inter-, and
Eng. sidereal.] Situated between or among
the stars ; interstellar. (Annanflale.')
* in~ter-o'-cial (ci as sh), n . [Pref. i ntft ..
and Eng. social (q.v.).] Pertaining to inter
course or association ; social.
* fo-ter-SO'm'-ni-OUS, a. [Lat. inter- = be-
tween, and somnus = sleep.] Between sleep-
ing and waking ; in an interval of wakefulnesa.
* In-ter-sd"ur' t v.t. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
sour (q.v.).] To mix with something sour.
"And held back something from that full of sweet
To tntertoitr unsure delight" demure. **
Daniel : Octavia to 31. Antonitu.
in' -ter- space, s. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
space (q.v.).] Space between other things ;
intervening space.
"The lucid intertpaOf of world and world."
Tennyton : Lucretiu*, 10*.
* in'-ter-speech, *. [Pref. inter-, and Eng.
speech (q.v.).] A speech inserted orinterposea
between others.
In-ter-sperse', v.t. [Lat. intersperse, pa.
par. of interspergo ; inter- = between, among,
and spergo = to scatter.]
1. To scatter here and there amongst other
things.
"Ton should do well to intertperte among them
some encharistical ejaculations and doxologtes."
ffowetl : Letters, bk. 1L, let. 67.
* 2. To diversify, to variegate ; to be scat-
tered amongst
" Oaks inlerspcrte it, that had once a head."
Cvaper ; A tfeedleu Alarm.
* 3. To diversify by scattering or disposing
here and there amongst
" Which space Is intertperted with small islands and
rocks." Coo*: Third. Voyage, bk. Ui., oh. Til.
* in-ter-sper'-slon, . [INTERSPERSE.] The
act of interspersing or scattering here and
there amongst other things ; the state of being
interspersed.
" These seutUnente have obtained almost In all age*
and places, though not without intertpertion of certain
corrupt addltameutc" Sale: Orig, of Mankind, p. 6'i.
in tor-spin' al, a. [Pref. inter- 
