Universal peace - war is mesmerism

JUL

LIBRARY

OF THE

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA.

GIFT OF

C/tfSS

THIS EDITION OF UNIVERSAL PEACE— WAR
IS MESMERISM IS PRINTED FROM THE ORIG-
INAL TYPE AND LIMITED TO SIX HUNDRED
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COMPLIMENTS OF

RING OUT THE SLOWLY DYING CAUSE
AND ANCIENT FORMS OF PARTY STRIFE,
RING IN THE NOBLER MODES OF LIFE,
THE SWEETER MANNERS, PURER LAWS.

RING IN THE VALIANT MAN AND FREE,
THE LARGER HEART, THE KINDLIER HAND,
RING OUT THE DARKNESS OF THE LAND,
RING IN THE CHRIST THAT IS TO BE.

TENNYSON.

Universal Peace— War
is Mesmerism

BY

ARTHUR EDWARD STILWELL

Author of
" Confidence, or National Suicide ? "

First Edition

NEW YORK

THE BANKERS PUBLISHING COMPANY
1911

LONDON
EFFINGHAM WILSON, 54 THREADNEEDLE ST.

OF THE

UNIVERSITY

Of
4UFQ

SS

GIFT

Copyright 1911

By

Arthur Edward Stilwell
Copyrighted in Great Britain

All rights reserved

CONTENTS

PAGE

DEDICATION 9

PREFACE 11

SECRETARY OF PEACE 15

WAR is MESMERISM 17

FACE FORWARD 25

NATIONS ADOPT THE INDIVIDUAL'S STANDPOINT 29

WHO GRANTS THE LICENSE TO KILL? 33

THE BANKERS AND WAR 35

WHY WAR INSTEAD OF ARBITRATION ? 39

ICONS AND MUTINY 41

Is THERE ANY Loss IN DOING RIGHT? 45

BLESSED ARE THE PURE IN HEART 47

FIFTEEN YEARS PEACE 51

WHY NOT THE GOLDEN RULE ON BOTH SIDES OF

THE STREET ? 55

INTEREST PAYMENTS ON CORPSES AND GHOSTS 57

WHAT STANDS IN THE WAY? 61

THE ARMY OF PEACE 71

THE PROMISED DAY 75

Two PATHS TO PEACE 77

CAIN AND ABEL 83

7

218955

PAGE

THE MAIN STREET OF THE WORLD 85

FIVE THOUSAND MILES OF HOMES 87

INJUSTICE 89

JAPAN 93

WHO is ON THE FIRING LINE? 95

PART II

PEACE AND THE MONROE DOCTRINE 103

THE MONROE DOCTRINE AND PEACE 105

OBSERVATIONS 121

GOOD GOVERNMENT AND GOOD TRADE 129

NATIONS WITH COLIC 133

PRESIDENT DIAZ 137

SALVADOR 143

ARGENTINA, CHILI AND BRAZIL 147

LOOK UP 153

OUR COUNTRY 163

THE ENGLISHMAN 169

MEXICAN OFFICIALS AS CONFIDENCE BUILDERS 175

DEDICATION

All praise to him who builds in stone
A Palace that shall Peace enthrone.

nPHIS little book is dedicated to Andrew
Carnegie, who has done so much to plant
in the human mind the Christ idea of the Brother-
hood of Man.

When in business, he manufactured the rails
of commerce, aiding his nation in taking business
dominion of the earth, and now he is using his
earned reward to help the world establish that
Spiritual Dominion which Universal Peace alone
will bring, conscious, as he must be in doing this
work, that the path to harmony is the path of
peace.

Blessed are the peacemakers: for they
shall be called the Children of God.

Of THC

UNIVERSITY

OF
IUFOH1

PREFACE

And they shall beat their swords into
plowshares, and their spears into prun-
inghooks: nation shall not lift up a
sword against nation, neither shall they
learn war any more.

MICAH IV. 3.

Your Majesties, George, William and Nicholas:

A NDREW CARNEGIE'S great gift to aid
•**• in establishing World Peace — the beau-
tiful temple at the Hague — fills me with hope
that I may yet live to see the noontide of the day
of Universal Peace, the dawn of which is now
breaking, and I offer these thoughts, hoping that
they may hasten that hour.

I address them to you three great War Lords,
serving the Prince of Peace, because I know that
if even one of them could see the matter as I do,
wonderful good would result, and if all of you
would come out for national disarmament, there
would be no more War.

I take you to be Christians, as you profess.

If you could understand your Master's teach-
ings and see how the world would be lifted up

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12 UNIVERSAL PEACE

by the establishment of the Brotherhood of Man,
you would strive for Universal Peace with all
your zeal and power.

If you three Sovereigns act in concert, there
will be no appeal from your decree and Micah's
prophecy will come true.

A. E. STILWELL.

New York, Jan. 5, 1911,

UNIVERSAL PEACE— WAR IS
MESMERISM

UNIVERSAL PEACE— WAR IS
MESMERISM

SECRETARY OF PEACE

Your Majesties, George, William and Nicholas:

T SUGGEST a new member for each of your
A cabinets — a Secretary of Peace. I suggest
that he take the seat now held by your Secretary
of War.

This Secretary of Peace shall do all in his
power to prevent war through arbitration.

All Secretaries of Peace to form an Interna-
tional Peace Board, to insure human brotherhood.

Your Master said:

Heaven and earth shall pass away,
but my word shall not pass away.

I believe this. Do you?

15

WAR IS MESMERISM

MESMERISM: Different dictionaries define it as
the act of inducing an abnormal state of the
nervous system, in which the thoughts and acts
of the person or persons are controlled by
others.

But there went up a mist from ike
earth, and watered the whole face of
the ground.

GENESIS II. 6.

Your Majesties, George, William and Nicholas:

is war — a thing so unnatural? How
does the war thought come, where does it
go? How can a so-called civilized nation think
of such a thing? People who will contribute to
earthquake sufferers in all parts of the world,
or if any section of the earth has a famine, will
send ship-loads of provisions! If a submarine
boat sinks, drowning ten men, the whole nation is
stirred and filled with sorrow, yet at the same
time it is building death-dealing machines, de-
signed to mow men down in bunches, like grass.

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18 UNIVERSAL PEACE

The more deadly the instrument, the louder the
nation crows over it, and the more afraid is it,
that some other nation will find out the secret
and appropriate it.

Think of the inconsistency!

Now what makes war, and why will a so-called
Christian nation consider it at all? In the nor-
mal state it would not, but when a nation en-
tertains the war thought, it is not in a normal
state. It must work itself up to the war thought,
as the Indians do by their war dances before
going into battle.

The nations do it by mesmerism, which is more
powerful than the Indians' war dance. Without
this mesmeric condition of mind, war would be
impossible.

It is done in about the following manner:
Some supposed insult is received from some sup-
posed rival nation — intended or not does not
alter the matter, as long as it looks like an insult
or slight. Perhaps the commercial spirit of some
other nation is making inroads on their foreign
trade. The papers take this up, write columns
on this perhaps slight incident, and blow it up
like a hot air bag, until the people grow to think
that it is a very serious affront. They have pub-

WAR IS MESMERISM 19

lie meetings, and men with languagitis, who are
longing for a chance to air their vocabularies,
hand out a wonderful flow of words about the
nation's glory, the greatness of its heroes, and
the victories of the past. The people are smitten
and the mesmerism starts. The rulers and gov-
ernors join in with strong words about the "duty
to the Fatherland," and the mesmerism increases.
Bands and orchestras play nothing but national
airs, nothing else is acceptable. The papers keep
on writing columns of editorials, the shops for
the manufacture of war materials are working
night and day — something doing. The mesmer-
ism is increasing fast.

All the theatres have plays in keeping with the
desires of the people. Soldiers parade often and
are received with great applause. Children drop
their usual games and drill and fight mimic
battles.

The nation is by this time drunk with mesmer-
ism, and goes to war. They fight until ex-
hausted or the bankers call the game. Peace is
declared, but thousands of homes are empty,
thousands are crippled for life, thousands have
contracted disease to hand down to their pos-
terity, to the third and fourth generation.

20 UNIVERSAL PEACE

The mesmerism is broken, but what hell it has
caused and what scars it has left!

The soldiers went to battle steeped in hate, they
fought against men whom they would have lived
with in peace, but for the intoxicating mes-
merism.

Peace is declared, and now the different armies
mix, the men exchange bread and clothes, they
eat together. The officers of the opposing armies
dine with each other and swear everlasting friend-
ship, and wonder when they meet what they had
been fighting about. It was the mesmerism.

Think of the awful discord produced by these
mesmeric wars, when man is bent on stabbing,
shooting or rending his brother; when men look
upon each other as wild beasts. Were their in-
stincts of love aroused, instead of hate, they
would be giving bread and clothing to these same
men whom they are now trying to kill.

I recall an incident of the South African war
with its contrast of carnage and charity. The
day had been hot, the march long and tiring, the
soldiers, foot-sore and weary, were looking for-
ward to a night of rest by the camp fires. The
western sky was blood-red, prophetic of a coming
storm. To keep up the courage of the men, the

WAR IS MESMERISM 21

bands had all day long played stirring martial
music.

Upon approaching a kopje near a river bank
where the army expected to camp, men are seen
to fall in the front ranks. There is no noise but
the gentle purring of bullets and the cries and
curses of the falling.

In an instant the quick firing guns are brought
into action, smoke and shot fill the air, mingling
with the cries of the dying.

The cavalry now charge around the base of the
kopje where the enemy are supposed to be. The
ambulance corps is busy among the wounded.

The cavalry falls back with heavy loss, re-
pulsed by the Boers, the army of England re-
treats, leaving numbers of dead and dying on
the field.

One of them, a corporal (a clerk in a banking
house in London), is mortally wounded. He
lifts himself on his elbow and attempts to staunch
the flow of blood that has reddened the ground.
His young face is white and covered with the
dew of death, yet even in his extremity his face
shows his kindly nature. All his life had been
filled with little charities. His wife had been his
schoolmate and life-long companion, and their

22 UNIVERSAL PEACE

little home near London was nearly paid for;
soon he would be assistant manager of one of the
branch banks. His life had been filled with love,
happiness and a fair amount of success.

He had lived a clean, manly life, but being
carried away by the mesmerism of war, he was
now in South Africa to kill, not wild beasts but
men, some of God's children, whom he had al-
ways loved to help.

He called for water, too weak to use his own
supply. One of the Boer cavalrymen, hot in
pursuit of the retreating army, understanding
English, dismounts to help him and relieve his
suffering. His helpless condition touches the
rough, rugged Boer, who stoops over him, gives
him water and does all he can to ease his last
moments. "Quick — a message to my wife." The
Boer writes:

Dear Mary: I am dying. God bless and
protect you and the children. JIM.

He is hardly able to give the address. His
enemy of one hour ago bathes the head of the
dying man whom the God of War has claimed.

In the twilight of that African day, in the
midst of that hell, brother had found brother.

WAR IS MESMERISM 23

But in England were dear Mary and the chil-
dren, and in that home as in thousands of others
were anguish and despair. One of God's noble-
men had been sacrificed — one of thousands upon
thousands. Sacrificed not on the altar of the
Aztec God of War, but upon the altar of hate,
reared with stones from the quarry of mesmer-
ism, reared by a civilized nation, the greatest on
earth, a nation of followers of the God of Peace.

And the Boer that night as he thought of
Mary and the children, did he ask himself if the
victory was worth the price?

And my thought turns to Bethlehem and the
night of long ago and the heavens filled with
glory, and with the shepherds I hear the "Peace
on earth, good will to men," I see the coming day
and the meaning of the message, when love fills
all thought and mesmerism has no place.

Then earth shall know that peace is best,
And birds shall build in cannons3 breast;
With anthems glad all earth shall ring,
For Love shall reign and Love be King.

FACE FORWARD

by year the world is coming to under-
stand better the teachings of Christ in all
their purity and simplicity. For years dogmas
and creeds have obscured the Master's teachings,
but as creeds and dogmas pass away, the Sermon
on the Mount will be understood more and more
by Christian nations and war will cease.

Be Christ divine, or a human leader of men,
he understood nature's laws — the true seed and
the true harvest.

Does it seem that little progress has been made
towards human brotherhood in two thousand
years? Yet the understanding of the Master's
message has put out the fires of the Inquisition,
has freed the slaves of Africa and the United
States and has eased the bonds of the serfs of
Russia. It has brought into being the Salvation
Army, organized for Peace.

That Kings and rulers fail to grasp the truth
is a mystery, but the universal solvent of love
will yet reach all phases of thought and dissolve
hate. Love is the solvent, as it is the fulfilling of
the Law.

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26 UNIVERSAL PEACE

Blessed are the merciful: for they
shall obtain mercy.

Does not this reach Your Majesties, George,
William and Nicholas?

Think of the waste of life and wealth spent in
making implements of war, that are now being
destroyed and thrown on the scrap heap.

What is this but the mind of the Creator, act-
ing through man, to take his reliance from
material things and release him. That which
today you hail as a great war machine would be
but a broken reed to rely on ten years hence.

The Sermon on the Mount is being forced
upon you. You are being forced up the stairs
of civilization backwards, step by step. Why not
face forward?

You or your descendants must some day re-
nounce war, must come out for Universal Peace.
Do this now and you will occupy a place in his-
tory for all ages to come second only to that of
him who voiced the Universal Brotherhood of
Man. He gave it to the world as a principle,
you would make it a reality.

And why not, Your Majesties? What stands
in the way?

WAR IS MESMERISM 27

Let us look at what you profess to believe.

Your religion teaches that man is the expres-
sion of God's laws, that life is the will of the
Creator.

And God said, let us make man in our own
image and likeness. Your religion also teaches
the brotherhood of man. As Christ said:

But whosover snail do the will of my Father
which is in Heaven, the same is my brother, sister
and my mother.

Is it true that man is the expression of God's
idea? Is it the order of the creative mind that
man shall be? If so, with man's limited vision,
do you mean to take the responsibility of at-
tempting to annul those laws ?

The lives crushed out and the misery wrought
Are a fearful price for the victory bought,
For each dread vicfry must pay the cost
And the one that wins has really lost.

Every death caused by war is a crime. Who
can wish to lead his nation up the so-called steps
of glory, when each step is over the dead bodies
of God's children? Who wishes to build an
earthly temple of power, the cement of which is

28 UNIVERSAL PEACE

mixed with the blood of his fellow men? And as
every bad seed produces a bad harvest, why sow
them?

No true victory was ever won by the employ-
ment of wrong methods, no matter what the ma-
terial gain may have seemed to be at the time.

NATIONS ADOPT THE INDIVID-
UAL'S STANDPOINT

ING GEORGE, look on the thousands and
thousands of Germans in all parts of the
British Empire, in business, shipping, banking,
etc., respected, received in all English society,
even sitting in Parliament. Emperor William,
look at the thousands of Englishmen in German
Africa, in other German colonies and all parts
of the German Empire, living at peace under
your flag. If individuals of each country can
prosper and be happy in these different countries,
it proves that the Brotherhood of Man is ac-
cepted and works out in harmony among individ-
uals. If this is so and nations are aggregations
of individuals, why cannot they live in peace?

The German in British colonies does not have
to arm to protect himself. Neither is the Eng-
lishman in Germany compelled to go armed.

Why then do not nations adopt the individual
standpoint and abandon armies and navies as a
protection against each other?

Here is a wonderful example of the individual

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30 UNIVERSAL PEACE

idea: In the United States there are 12,000,000
foreign-born residents (in Chicago alone there
are more Germans than in any city in the world,
except Berlin) and these 12,000,000 live under
one flag in peace. If one flag covers 12,000,000
foreign-born residents in one country, all living
in peace, a world flag can fly over all the earth.

Want of acquaintance and the ignorance at-
tending it is the cause of international hate and
distrust. If distrust were removed, the whole
world would live in peace, as the foreign popula-
tion does in the United States and other countries.

The logical inference is that if England and
Germany devoted the cost of but one war-ship to
the exchange of friendly visits between the citi-
zens of each country, the war thought would be
destroyed by the friendships made. War would
then appear as it is, an absurdity. Dreadnoughts
get out of date, but true friendships last forever.
The Dreadnought destroys; friendship builds up.

Is commercial success a reason for hate and
jealousy? Some nation must lead; location and
resources may contribute to this, but it must be
accepted.

Five men start out in life, having been school-
mates. They enter business at the same time. At

WAR IS MESMERISM 31

the end of twenty years one has been very success-
ful, the others only moderately so. There is no
reason why the other four should hate the suc-
cessful one. Is it any reason why they should
arm themselves and murder him? If they filled
their minds with hate for this successful com-
panion of their youth, it would only retard their
own progress.

The expenditures of Germany for the army
and navy are about $312,000,000 per year. How
much better it would be for the German Govern-
ment to use this money in sending their young
men to all parts of the world to study business,
A Holland society now sends young men to for-
eign countries for a period of four years to help
develop trade for the mother country.

Suppose Germany instead of spending money
on her army and navy sent 312,000 trained young
men every four years out into the world and
allowed them each $1,000 per year for four years.
What would this do for the commercial and ship-
ping supremacy of Germany?

The annual expenditure for the army and navy
would enable Germany to keep an army of peace
numbering 312,000 in foreign countries, develop-
ing German trade relations. It would be better
than building Dreadnoughts.

WHO GRANTS THE LICENSE TO
KILL?

TF war is right, why should England try to stop
warring nations in Africa or India? If
war is right for a great nation, it is also right for
a small nation, so why try to stop small tribes
from fighting by disarming them, while large
nations are increasing their armaments? Is it
wrong for one to kill and right for the other? If
so, who grants the license to kill? What are the
requirements to obtain this license? The com-
mandment, "Thou shalt not kill," did not specify
the number that takes killing out of the realm of
crime.

Think of the stunted millions born of fathers
whose strength has been sapped in wars, and of
mothers who marked their sons with grief and
fear.

France still suffers from Napoleon's wars,
which robbed her of her strongest men and en-
tailed on her the terrible inheritance of a death
rate exceeding the birth rate.

They that live by the sword, shall
perish by the sword.

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34 UNIVERSAL PEACE

Assyria and Persia rose by the sword and per-
ished by the sword. Alexander conquered the
Eastern World and his Grecian Empire fell
under the sword of Rome. What greater ex-
amples can be offered of the truth of the Mas-
ter's saying than the rise and fall by the sword
of the Roman, Saracen and Spanish Empires.

But if Universal Peace were established, every
nation would be absolutely assured of its ex-
istence forever — a wonderful assurance for peo-
ple who love their Fatherland.

So each nation would be a unit in a brother-
hood of nations, free to unfold its individual idea,
and a wonderful advance would take place in all
the arts. The harmony of the universe would
flow through the fingers and voices of its musi-
cians, the brush would transfer to canvas
glimpses of nature not now seen. The soul of
man would brush aside material limitations and
spiritual visions not now dreamt of would find
expression in higher and nobler life. The money
now wasted on war would make poverty un-
known, if the world would look for its inspiration
in principle and not in matter, and if the national
honor were guarded by right motives and not by
Dreadnoughts.

THE BANKERS AND WAR

Your Majesties, George, William and Nicholas:

matter from what angle one may look on
armies and navies and war preparations,
they are foolish.

Any nation to go to war must borrow millions,
even though it be only a little summer picnic,
lasting a few months, in which a few thousands
of lives are sacrificed on the altar of hate. It will
take millions to undertake it and there is hardly
a nation in Europe that could today negotiate a
war loan if it wished to do so. They are bur-
dened with debts and taxes nearly to the breaking
point; the people are now growling and grum-
bling. The bankers understand this and before
any nation dares undertake a war, the bankers
must be seen.

The bankers will no doubt say, "No." Ger-
many's war budget is now twice what it was ten
years ago. This amounts to $150,000,000 per
year more than ten years ago or an increased tax
of over $2.50 per capita.

Now is it not foolish for any nation to keep

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36 UNIVERSAL PEACE

building Dreadnoughts and fastening unbear-
able burdens on the necks of its people when it
knows that it has not credit to use them if it
wanted to? If the preparations are only bogies
to frighten other nations, why not construct your
Dreadnoughts of papier-mache ; then when obso-
lete, burn them? It is much easier than* to dis-
mantle and destroy those made of steel and much
less expensive.

There is not much doubt but that the banker is
the power behind every throne in Europe. He
bears the same relation to them that the Shoguns
did to the Emperor of Japan ; he rules. Nations
may desire to embark on wars, but unless the
banker will furnish the money, recourse is haa to
diplomacy as a last resort.

With wars a thing of the past bankers would
have no hold on any nation. Instead of placing
new loans, the nations would have ample incomes
to take care of all expenses and also create sink-
ing funds to pay off the national debts, now mill-
stones around the nations' necks.

This would be the same as the Shoguns of
Japan giving up their old-time power and the
Emperor of Japan being the ruler and not a pup-
pet with the strings pulled by the Shoguns.

WAR IS MESMERISM 37

I should think this would be a real relief to all
potentates of the old world, and what a relief to
the people!

There is little doubt but that if Universal
Peace were established, no nation on earth would
have to create new debts during the balance of
this century. Think of this !

But the banker need not worry, so great a com-
mercial development would start he could use
his funds in a much better way.

Then when nations were not forced to the
bankers' feet, anarchists would be few and far
between, as when nations cease to use force, the
anarchist will die out as a breed. Most of the
world's anarchists have been bred by the war
thought. They argue that if force is for the na-
tion, it is also for the individual; if money has
power, so has a bomb. In a few years after Uni-
versal Peace has been established, fewer rulers
will go to their last rest in the smoke of a bomb.

War caused the death of our great Lincoln.
President McKinley was killed right after the
Spanish war. Sow the wind and reap the
whirlwind.

WHY WAR INSTEAD OF
ARBITRATION?

Your Majesties, George, William and Nicholas:

TF people living on opposite sides of the street
do not have to fight or prepare for siege, if
people in adjoining cities can live at peace, if
adjoining counties or states do not have to have
standing armies, if Canada and the United States
have managed to exist for a hundred years with-
out forts or war-ships to guard their borders, the
nations of the earth can live in peace and armies
and navies are no longer needed.

International law can settle all disputes, just
as a nation's laws settle all disputes within the
nation.

An agreement similar to the Suez Canal com-
pact, can be extended over all the world. If no
forts are needed to protect the Suez Canal, why
are they needed to protect any part of the world?

I ask you three monarchs, is not taxation the
world over, and especially in your countries, in-
creasing socialism?

Is not preparation for war staggering all the

39

40 UNIVERSAL PEACE

nations with unjust taxation, and making heavier
the pension yoke now on the necks of the living?

Is not the day coming when preparations for
useless war may overthrow your Government
and bathe it in the blood of your own people?

This is imminent from your fatal readiness to
shed the blood of others. Why not hold your
Government intact for your children and people
to inherit?

Monsieur Edmond Thery, the French econ-
omist, figures that the maintenance of Europe's
armed peace footing in the last twenty-five years
cost one hundred and forty-five billion francs,
approximately $29,000,000,000, which involved
an increase in the public debt of the European
nations of from one hundred and five to one hun-
dred and fifty-one billions of francs and con-
stantly excluded from productive industry 195,-
000 officers and 3,800,000 men.

ICONS AND MUTINY

Majesty Nicholas well remembers
how, in the late war with Japan, your regi-
ments were blessed as they marched to the front,
preceded by the sacred icons of your religion. It
war is breaking God's laws, was it not foolish to
expect blessings to follow misdeeds, and what
good did these blessings and sacred icons ac-
complish? Japan was victor in spite of prayers,
blessings and holy icons. In other words, a so-
called heathen nation, free from graft, recogniz-
ing all sanitary laws, defeated a Christian na-
tion, whose army was followed by prayers and
carried into battle its sacred images, which
availed nothing against organization, patriotism
and all absence of sacred images.

Right is a principle that does not have to be
fought for. It is, it always was and always will
be. It was established long before the first bird
sang.

If in one of your schools in Russia the teacher
gave the children a problem in mathematics,
would all the prayers of the church, would all the

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42 UNIVERSAL PEACE

sacred emblems of Russia help to solve the prob-
lem? No! There is no way to solve the problem
but to learn and understand the principle of
mathematics.

Principle is never seen — it is only the har-
monious working out of principle that is seen.
And so must the rulers and potentates of the
earth understand that peace is the result of prin-
ciple, on which the Universe is founded, which
principle was understood by Christ when he
preached the Sermon on the Mount.

I also ask your Majesty, "Would this be
mutiny?"

There can be no doubt but that Your Majesty
desires all the people of Russia to be Christians;
to be members of the Greek Church. That is
what the world thinks, at any rate, as all your
regiments are accompanied by religious advisors,
religious emblems and banners.

Suppose that one of your regiments had a
priest who recognized the Brotherhood of Man
—who understood the teachings of Christ to
mean just what he said — and that in an address
to the soldiers he voiced in an inspired way the
reality of love and the unreality of hate, and that
the men who heard that address felt the truth of

WAR IS MESMERISM 43

what he said and were ready to die in the right,
rather than kill their fellow men in battle; and
on the day of battle refused to obey the orders of
their officers, as to them it was an unspeakable
crime to kill. If they so grasped the teachings
of Christ, as given to them by their spiritual ad-
visor, and refused to obey the officers' orders,
would it have been mutiny, punishable with
death? Was their priest guilty of sedition for
preaching the pure teaching of his church? If
so, it may in the future be dangerous to allow
followers of the Master to accompany your
armies. It might cause a revolt that would cost
you your crown.

IS THERE ANY LOSS IN DOING
RIGHT?

You?' Majesties, George,, William and Nicholas:

Blessed are they 'which are perse-
cuted for righteousness' sake: for their' s
is the Kingdom of Heaven.

|"S there any loss in doing right? Suppose that
one of you three Kings believed that the
Master's way was the right way, believed that
war was a crime, believed that even preparation
for war was a crime, and condemned it to such an
extent that you lost your crown, — would it be a
loss?

Is any material possession worth having, if
you have to give up your idea of right to gain it?

No person ever lived who made such an im-
pression on the world as Christ and he had no
material possessions. He never allowed force
and when one of his followers smote off the ear
of one that came to take him, He rebuked him
and healed the wounded man.

And if He did so much for the world's good

45

46 UNIVERSAL PEACE

without force, so can you three Kings give up
war implements of all kinds, as you can see the
power of right by his life and that there is no
way to suffer loss by doing right.

Had Christ allowed his followers to resort to
force, which they often wished to do, he would
have been a mere rebel against a material gov-
ernment and would never have founded the
spiritual empire that he did.

BLESSED ARE THE PURE IN HEART

TP\ URING the stone age, when our ancestors
^*^ lived in caves, ate raw meat and killed each
other with clubs, there was no need of a patent
office. They may now and then have found new
ways of torturing their enemies, but they did not
apply for patents.

As the world advanced in knowledge and as
the Sermon on the Mount took hold of man, art
and music, inspired by religious enthusiasm,
made great strides. The people of the world
found new uses for force and applied them.
They found the power of wedges and levers and
invented printing and gunpowder, but as Charity
and the Brotherhood of Man began to fill the
earth, and man began to understand

Blessed are the merciful: for they
shall obtain mercy.

Blessed are the pure in heart: for they
shall see God

how differently their minds acted. Instead of
merely using power, they commenced to find out
and use principle.

4 47

48 UNIVERSAL PEACE

Until the beginning of the nineteenth cen-
tury, the world had for 1,800 years practically
stood still, but during that century the mind
of man reached higher and higher. The unseen
was harnessed for the use of man; steam, elec-
tricity, the telephone, the phonograph, wireless
telegraph, the flying machine, all came. Why?
Because man was shaking off the fetters of the
material and rising to greater heights, taking
dominion.

But never in the world could all these wonders
have come, while might was right. Only with
the advent of the understanding that right was
might could these great inventions have been
made.

Every time the mind of man is turned back by
war talk or war preparation to the force idea,
the world is clouded and takes a step backward.

What the world manifests are the manifesta-
tions of the thoughts of the people living in it.
Material conditions only change as the thoughts
of man rise to higher planes. The more noble,
the more loving and kind man is, the more God
(Good) will unfold for all the earth.

War preparation, war talk is like drawing a
daub of black paint over a great masterpiece, and

WAR IS MESMERISM 49

every time it is done the whole world must suffer
to get back to the advanced standpoint it pre-
viously occupied.

Sink every Dreadnought, break up every gun
and war implement on earth today, and the
greatest advance the world has ever seen would
take place. Inventions and discoveries not now
dreamed of would follow one another in rapid
succession.

Blessed are the pure in heart: for they
shall see God (Good).

FIFTEEN YEARS PEACE

Your Majesties, George, William and Nicholas:

T ASK your Majesties, is it not possible at once
to proclaim a period of peace, wherein for
fifteen years no war-ships shall be built, no in-
crease of armaments authorized?

If, after fifteen years of peace, the world be
foolish enough to revert to the war thought, you
could then make expenditures for implements of
war in keeping with the inventions then up-to-
date, conscious that your present equipment will
only be obsolete and fit to destroy. Building and
purchasing no war material in the interim, you
will have saved government exchequers enormous
sums of money.

The mind of man evolves inventions with such
rapidity that England's first Dreadnought is
now obsolete, in fact the implements of war made
fifteen years ago would be of about as much use
in modern warfare as soap bubbles blown fifteen
years ago.

Think of the remarkable change in conditions
brought about by the late South African war.

51

52 UNIVERSAL PEACE

In earlier wars armies had advanced erect, officers
with bright uniforms, coats bedecked with
shining medals. Following this plan in South
Africa, the Englishmen merely furnished targets
for the Boers, while the Boers could not be seen,
and only the dropping here and there of the
officers in brilliant uniforms told there was an
enemy near. Then it became recognized that the
way to go into battle was to crawl on hands and
knees, and the bright uniforms were replaced by
khaki, cloth resembling the color of the soil. This
is suggestive that soldiers are of the earth, earthy.

Suppose that a nation planning war is forced,
through international agreement, to serve two
years' notice upon the opposing country ! It does
not seem possible, if such notice be given, that
the war would be fought. The nations long be-
fore the time set would have changed their view-
points, since it would be found impossible to
stand the strain of this deliberate preparation. A
lion could not remain for a day in a crouching
position, expecting to leap on its prey; it would
become paralyzed before the time arrived.

Had England waited ten years, doubtless war
in South Africa would have been averted. When
Kruger died, conditions would have changed and

WAR IS MESMERISM 53

the union of South Africa would have been
brought about by peaceful methods. And what
a cost that war entailed, the empty homes and the
graves filled by the flower of England! The
great burden of taxation now borne by the na-
tion has brought about conditions that threaten
England's very life and peace, stirred as it is by
frequent elections menacing the House of Lords,
long looked upon as the bulwark of the nation.
These conditions would not now confront Eng-
land, were it not for the South African war.

It is impossible to sow chaos abroad and not
reap it at home. "As ye sow, so shall ye reap"-
it is the law of God, the law of nature, there is no
escape from it.

WHY NOT THE GOLDEN RULE ON
BOTH SIDES OF THE STREET?

Your Majesties, George, William and Nicholas:

TN your countries are great hospitals, institu-
tions for the blind, the crippled, the deaf and
dumb, the insane. Millions of money are spent
each year, and thousands of men and women,
understanding

Blessed are the merciful: for they
shall obtain mercy

devote their lives to help the fallen, restoring
God's children to life and usefulness.

The needy of any nation can find friends,
assistance and shelter at these institutions. It
makes no difference whether the applicant be
English, Japanese or Russian, the doors are wide
open.

Yet you maintain great armies and navies to
produce worse results than these charitable insti-
tutions can ever remedy.

Why cannot the Golden Rule apply on both

55

56 UNIVERSAL PEACE

sides of the street? Why must one side be
shrouded in the clouds of malice and hate, while
the other is in the golden sunshine of love and
mercy?

INTEREST PAYMENTS ON CORPSES
AND GHOSTS

Your Majesties, George, William and Nicholas:

God moves in a mysterious way
His wonders to perform.

TF the world cannot see that war is only a yellow
streak left in man from the stone age, cir-
cumstances will force the world to see it soon, but
how much better to see it before the burdens left
by circumstances are made greater even than
they are now.

The nations increase their debts for war ex-
penditures, they build new forts, buy new equip-
ment for the army, change bright uniforms for
khaki, build new long range guns, replace their
obsolete war-ships with Dreadnoughts.

But when these changes are made and all the
war material scrapped, the debts of the nation,
created to furnish the things that are destroyed,
remain, and interest is paid year by year, grow-
ing like the Tower of Rabel and just as useless;
nothing left but the debts and some old ma-
terial ; nothing to show but taxes for the war im-

57

58 UNIVERSAL PEACE

plements of the past. A terrible burden for the
living to pay for the supposed protection of those
long since gone to their rest. It cannot continue,
it only spells ruin.

Had all the increase in the debts of all nations,
spent only in war preparations, been spent on
enterprises that earn incomes, the increased debts
would have something back of them as assets to
earn the interest incurred, and the nations would
have grown richer instead of poorer.

Thus nature, if it can accomplish its end in no
other way, will exhaust the strength of the na-
tions and force them to give up this endless chain
of burdens, so that from exhaustion if from no
other cause will come peace. Then the useless-
ness of paying interest on the ghosts of the past
will be made apparent. But what a costly lesson
it will be for all and why wait until that day
comes? Why not see that this is the inevitable
result and stop now?

It is estimated that during the next twelve
months thirty-six Dreadnoughts will be finished,
and the day they are launched they will be
started for the scrap-heap, where they will all
arrive in ten or twelve years. These Dread-
noughts cost, we will say, $7,500,000 each; total

WAR IS MESMERISM 59

cost, two billion, two hundred and ninety-seven
million. Warranted to be either the greatest
death-dealing machines the world has ever known
or else the greatest burden ever forced on the
world in any twelve months of its history, while
enjoying so-called "Peace"!

Is such security properly called "peace"? Is
it not rather a mesmeric chaos? What will future
ages call such foolishness, as they stagger under
the burden of paying for the ghosts of the past
and the mesmerism that produced it?

WHAT STANDS IN THE WAY?

T WILL admit that there are any number of
things that stand in the way of Universal
Peace, but they will all sooner or later be brushed
aside.

First, people like show (so does a peacock).
Officers like to wear their uniforms; their wives
like to see them wear them and so do the children.

Second, martial music is inspiring.

Third, mimic battles, with the great movements
of the contending armies, please the rulers of all
countries. It is a big show, big noise, lots of
smoke, something doing. Peace is quiet and peo-
ple born in a world of noise and excitement, when
they first come in contact with quiet, are worried.

Some people go through life and never taste
of the rest and strength that come in the quiet
hours (they never really had any). Some men
and women think that unless every hour of the
day and night is taken up with action, they are
doing nothing. They have never sat down by
the hour in quiet. The only way on earth, to my
mind, to fit one's self for life's battle, is to get out

61

62 UNIVERSAL PEACE

of the world just as far as you can now and then
and rebuild in quiet.

Solitude is the greatest tonic on earth, if your
thoughts are peaceful. If they are not, it is the
place to find peaceful thoughts.

One thing that stands in the way of Universal
Peace is selfishness, love of money, grabitis. It
is a well-known fact that during war abnormal
prices are paid. Only a few people make the
things required and they can charge what they
wish. So these syndicates often own papers with
great influence; through these, they can shape
the thoughts of the people, until it looks as if it
would be a lasting dishonor to retreat from some
stand taken. These people are fully aware of the
fact that it is not their blood that will be spilt.

They look on the nation's army and navy not
as human beings, but as a machine, constructed
at great annual cost and for use when possible in
their selfish interests. They know that war will
enrich thousands, themselves included — that it
creates a condition where graft can run amuck
and not be noticed. So war is forced on the world
and these men's pockets lined and the dollars
picked up out of the blood pools formed by the
sons of the nation, its young men.

WAR IS MESMERISM 63

This is a strong statement, but it is a true one.

Fourth, there is tremendous power back of the
capital invested in powder plants, ship yards,
factories making plate and guns; also cloth used
in uniforms; contractors who are employed year
after year in building fortifications, contractors
who supply the armies with horses and mules,
contractors who supply the armies and navies
with food stuffs, and cities that are supported by
the forts and barracks near them.

Fifth, bankers who make large sums each year
in the nation's finances would lose great com-
missions, as with the armies and navies dis-
banded, taxes will be so much less that bond
issues and loaning money to nations will almost
go out of date, and the great saving for each
nation will make tax burdens lighter.

For each idle man, there must be someone at
work to support him, and with 4,000,000 people
in the armies and navies of the Old World back
at work, the earning power of each nation would
be greater and there would be more people to
bear the burdens by at least 4,000,000. These
people would be at useful pursuits instead of
being non-producers, as they now are.

But these manufacturers of all kinds have

5

64 UNIVERSAL PEACE

powerful lobbies working for contracts; in some
countries the people who award the contracts are
members of the families that make the goods or-
dered and often stockholders in the companies.
Members of Legislatures, members of Parlia-
ment, are often at the head of these companies,
and to give up war hits a hard blow at their
pocket-books and they cannot see the justice of it.

There is no doubt but that harm would be done
to a number of investments, but that can be ad-
justed. If a railroad passes through your land,
the land is condemned and paid for. It would
be cheaper for the nations to buy up all ammu-
nition manufactories, all ship yards, etc., paying
for them and putting them out of business, than
to keep on building and putting on the scrap
heap, building and putting on the scrap heap, and
repeating the operation. Nations are fools to
allow this. The reader will pardon the word,
since there is no other to use.

The purchase of all the manufactories of war
materials in the world, if this stood in the way of
peace, would be nothing to the annual cost of
keeping up the preparations for war. How much
cheaper it would have been for this nation to
have paid $5,000 for each sl«?ve in the South,

WAR IS MESMERISM 65

rather than have the awful war that we did. That
war cost our nation 800,000 lives. That was over
forty years ago, but if it had not been for that
war, we would to-day have over 100,000,000 peo-
ple in the United States. Estimate that we freed
4,000,000 slaves by the war; since the war we
have paid $4,000,000,000 for pensions alone. We
will not speak of the cost of the war itself, which
was eight billions ; of the progress retarded in our
land, of the 800,000 lives sacrificed on the altar
of hate, of the awful devastation, of the heart-
broken wives and mothers, — we will only con-
sider the 4,000,000 slaves freed and the $4,000,-
000,000 of pension money. This is in pensions
alone equal to $1,000 for each slave freed, and
as the average price of slaves, children and old
people included, was $500 each, we have paid in
pensions alone from that war twice the market
price of all the slaves freed, and we are not yet
done.

Our nation's expenses for the year ending June
30, 1910, were $659,705,391. Out of this we paid
for the army and navy and war pensions $442,-
843,582, or sixty-seven per cent, of our total ex-
penses were for the army and navy and pensions.

Is this not like the nation's walking a tread-

66 UNIVERSAL PEACE

mill all the year and paying out sixty-seven per
cent, of its total expenditures for the privilege of
getting off the tread-mill at the end of the year,
just where it got on it?

What could the nation do if this was stopped?
Take $100,000,000 for ship subsidies, conquer the
earth by ships of commerce in place of Dread-
noughts.

We pay English Fire Insurance Companies
millions each year to insure us against fire. Keep
this fact in mind.

What nations can we fear? Only three — Eng-
land, Japan and Germany.

Japan cannot go to war; the bankers would
not grant her the loans to fight, and it is nearly
the same with the other two.

Well now, to fix these nations, suppose we
should say to them: "We have made up our
minds that one of us must start the peace move-
ment. We will be that nation and disarm. We
will pay you three $50,000,000 each a year to
insure our peace to us. To us this would mean
a saving of $132,000,000 over last year's army
and navy expenses ; to you it would mean a relief
from heavy burdens, giving each of you $50,-
000,000 a year and no work to do.

WAR IS MESMERISM 67

As these three nations would be guaranteeing
our peace, no other nation would dare disturb it.
Becoming the guardians of our peace, they would
forever be removed from becoming our enemies.
It is as logical to pay insurance against war as
to pay foreign companies for insurance against
fire.

All new ideas are opposed. The greater the
benefit the greater the opposition. When steam
was talked of for ocean navigation, two great
scientists wrote a book and proved that it would
be impossible to cross the ocean by steam, and the
book came from the press just in time to go on
the first ship that did cross by steam.

When railroads were first proposed in Eng-
land, people fought them because the trains
would scare the cows and spoil the milk! When
machine looms came, the world was sure that
thousands would starve who then ran hand
looms; this almost caused a revolution in Eng-
land. But the people did not starve because of
the machine looms; they made work for all and
more work and better pay.

When the linotype machine came, the printers
were up in arms. It would take the bread out of
their mouths. What was the result ? More work

68 UNIVERSAL PEACE

than ever for printers at better wages. No more
tramp printers; it is now a dignified trade with
good wages. This is what the linotype machine
did.

Can it be possible that the people who manu-
facture guns and all death dealing machines,
really hope that they will never be used?

It is impossible to believe that anyone making
such instruments could ever wish to profit by a
new way to murder. They hope that they can
sell these engines of destruction, but that they
will only be used in practice.

I remember a friend who invented a new gun.
It was a wonder; it could cut its initials in holes
on any man on whom it was trained, and a flour
sieve would be as practical on the surgeon's oper-
ating table as a man who had held a long dis-
tance conversation with that gun.

He came to me, but I said, "No, I do not want
stock in anything that kills." He said, "Oh,
there will never be any more war. This gun will
only be used for practice, but the nations must
buy it. There is a fortune in the stock." I
answered, "Well, if it will only put debt burdens
on nations, I do not want to profit by that."

So I cut out investments in death or burden-

WAR IS MESMERISM 69

producing machines. ]\To Red Cross nurse will
ever have to work over some victim of any gun
that my money has paid for, and no wife will
ever be widowed nor child made fatherless by any
death-dealing machine made with my money.

How is it that a man so humane that he can-
not kick a dog will put his money in some back-
acting, anti-clinker gun, warranted to kill two
where only one was killed before?

SWA*I^>

Of THE

( UNIVERSITY )

Of

THE ARMY OF PEACE

Your Majesty, King George of England:

TTKTHY should you fear Germany? What is
the imaginary line that separates one na-
tion from another, if all are the children of one
Father?

Are you a follower of Moses or of Christ?
Moses said, "An eye for an eye," but Christ said,
"Return good for evil." Which needs Dread-
noughts to back it, the law of Moses or the law
of Christ?

Do you three great Kings, George, William
and Nicholas, wish to keep your kingdoms by
righteousness or by power? Did Napoleon keep
what he had won by power?

Suppose that you now believed that right is
might, that love and kindness are the masters of
hate, and started to put it into practice. Do you
not think that all other potentates would follow
you and be grateful to you, that you had had the
wisdom to take the first step?

Suppose that your Majesty try to get the lead-
ing nations each year to allow one-tenth of their

71

72 UNIVERSAL PEACE

armed forces to disband. Think of the reduction
in taxation. Would not this strengthen your
power at home? If all nations agreed, the units
of fighting men that remained each year would
have the same relative strength as now, and if the
nations desired it, the disbanding could stop at
the ninth year, the remaining one-tenth to be
under a flag created for the Hague Tribunal,
called THE FLAG OF PEACE. Under this
international world's flag, the army and navy
that remained could be used to carry out the
Tribunal's decrees if needed.

Now while this fixed plan was under way, each
nation could prepare its officers and men for the
new conditions they would meet when their turn
came to retire from the employment of the gov-
ernment. They could establish schools in all
camps and barracks, where trades could be
taught. Instruction could be given regarding the
resources of the colonies; horticulture, vine-cul-
ture, bee-culture, farming, dairying, etc., could
be taught the men, and when they were disbanded
they would at once have useful knowledge to put
in practice in their new walks of life, as they left
the army of war and enlisted in the army of
peace.

WAR IS MESMERISM 73

Truly, as the war ideas left their minds, they
would not be left empty, but would be filled with
higher thoughts of conquering industry, of build-
ing up the greatness of their Fatherland and the
colonies.

Thus Universal Peace would be established
forever, and the world would take its lesson from
Norway and Sweden, when they settled their dif-
ferences without bloodshed.

THE PROMISED DAY

But the natural man receiveth not the
things of the Spirit of God: for they are
foolishness unto him: neither can he
know them, because they are spiritually
discerned.

1 COR., II. 14.

A ND when the day of Universal Peace shall
•^^ arrive, there will be fulfilled the promise
of Revelation, "And God shall wipe away all
tears from their eyes, and there shall be no death,
neither sorrow nor crying, neither shall there be
any more pain, for the former things are passed
away."

Now your Majesties, there is only one way
that this promised day can come, and that is by
the mind of man realizing it as a possibility.
Would not any of you rather have history record
that you had made possible that great day, would
it not be a better crown to wear than the crown
Alexander wore? Think of the change. No
more war, no more suffering on the battle-field,
no more widows and orphans made by wholesale

75

76 UNIVERSAL PEACE

murder, no more devastation of cities and fertile
country. No more pensions, except the grateful
gifts of a nation to its artists, its painters and
authors and to the people who have lifted it up
to peaceful pursuits. And all this is possible now
by the combined act of you three; all the world
will follow, if you will blaze the way.

That the God of Peace and not the God of
War may be your God from now on, is my
prayer, and that this book may be like the bird
that returned to the ark with the sprig of the tree,
telling of the day when the turbulent waters of
hate will subside and the dry land of hope and the
rock of peace be seen, so that the nations may
build thereon, instead of upon the shifting sands
of greed, hate, malice and material power.

TWO PATHS TO PEACE

t^VERYTHING that the world finally sees
as the product of man's mind was first a
dream. Someone dreams it, it is voiced, takes
root in human consciousness and usually grows
slowly (unless it is a war idea). If it is to live,
one by one we admit its truth and attempt to put
it in force. At last when a majority of the world
has grasped it, it becomes a living reality. There-
fore, in the preceding chapters I have done all
in my power to show war (wholesale murder)
from all viewpoints, hoping that this volume will
help to bring international disarmament, which
must sooner or later come.

The first step in the direction of Peace would
be to have in each cabinet a Secretary of Peace.
After that there are two practical paths — one a
temporary plan, whereby Peace as a reality may
be attempted for a term of years and the world
allowed to see its results, and the other, a final
plan for gradual disarmament.

First, let all nations declare peace for fifteen
years, build no Dreadnoughts in the meantime,
and increase none of the armies. By that time all

78 UNIVERSAL PEACE

desire to do anything but arbitrate will have
passed away and war will be a dream of the past.

Second, let all the leading nations agree that
for ten years one-tenth of all armies and navies
will each year disband ; no more war-ships will be
built, and at the end of nine years the tenth that
remains shall be the world's Army and Navy of
Peace.

This allows the change to be made slowly. The
world can adapt itself year by year to the new
conditions. Great development would follow in
colonies and in opening new territory, as the
armies and navies year by year went back to
peaceful pursuits. Great commercial growth
would take place, money now used in war prepa-
rations would be forced to find other investments
than government bonds issued to support armies
and build Dreadnoughts. This money would be
free for investment at home and in world- wide
development. Money would be cheaper, the cost
of living reduced, with more people producing
and less idle men to consume. And so we would
build up to the degree that war has pulled down.

No such era was ever conceived as when 6,000,-
000 people are made bread-winners as well as

WAR IS MESMERISM 79

bread-users, and when the two billion dollars now
spent uselessly every year are used sensibly.

The world is now on a war drunk and as all
drunken people use money foolishly, so does a
drunken world.

By this plan all earth would begin to sober up
during the ten years. Now and then it might
have delirium tremens, but would arrive at the
desired haven.

OBSERVATIONS

CAIN AND ABEL

/~\NE of the Bible stories or legends that has
quite a hold on the Christian world is the
story of Cain and Abel, which is used in all
Christian faiths as an awful example of brother
killing brother.

Now why does this isolated case of murder hold
such sway over the human mind? There can be
only two ideas of creation that are real. One,
the idea that the earth was populated from one
pair. If so, every man is a relation of every
other man and Adam and Eve were the ancestors
of all. The other idea is that we were created by
the great Creator, en bloc. If this is true, then
God is the Father of all, how, we cannot under-
stand. If so, then we are all sons of one Father;
the German is the brother of the Italian and the
Frenchman, the Englishman is the brother of the
Jap and the Russian, all are one family, all have
one Father.

Christ understood this when he called God His
Father and your Father. If this is so and it were
wrong for Cain to kill Abel, what is the crime
when we kill thousands of our brothers in battle?

83

84 UNIVERSAL PEACE

If it is not wrong to slay in battle then Cain has
been wrongly abused for thousands of years and
ought to be praised for his self-restraint in killing
only one of the family.

If we are all descendants of Adam and Eve,
then in war we are killing our own cousins.

If God is our Father, we are killing our
brothers.

THE MAIN STREET OF THE WORLD

TF two men dispute over party lines, arm them-
selves, and meeting one another on the Main
Street, shoot at each other and one is killed, it is
murder!

If two nations walking down the Main Street
of the world, have a disagreement over boundary
lines and go to war and kill thousands, what is it?

If two men fight and one is killed, it is murder,
and the law recognizes it as such.

If ten men ambush four and kill them, this is
murder.

If two nations go to war and kill thousands,
what is it?

85

FIVE THOUSAND MILES OF HOMES

HPHE annual expenses of maintaining the
k armies and navies of England, Russia,
France, Germany and Italy are just about one
billion dollars.

What a blessing such a sum would be to the
merchants and manufacturers of each country
if spent on the development of colonies, on rail-
roads, in enterprises that would earn incomes
and develop new regions, furnishing employment
to thousands in useful trades, purchasing sup-
plies from their home country and in various
ways up-building the Fatherland?

Think of it! One billion dollars wasted an-
nually !

It would buy homes costing $2,000 apiece for
500,000 people each year. If every house stood
on a fifty-foot lot, there would be constructed
5,000 miles of new homes, a line sufficiently long
to encircle one-fifth of the globe, or reach from
St. Petersburg to Vladivostock. If each house
were the home of a family of four persons, two
million people would have homes for life, paid
for by the annual war expenses of five of the
leading nations of Europe.

87

INJUSTICE

'TPHERE is a great injustice done to the
officers of the armies and navies of each
country.

The nations are obliged to draw to this ser-
vice some of the best minds they have and this
takes them out of useful pursuits, where a great
number of them would have achieved success.
The nations pay them starvation wages and
make up for this by allowing them to wear
bright and attractive uniforms (when not on the
battle-field) and to have a handle to their names.
When they have reached the top of the ladder,
instead of giving them a salary in any way com-
mensurate with the position they hold, the Gov-
ernment hands them a hyphenated title and ex-
pects them to be satisfied. Officers' salaries in
the armies and navies of nearly every country
are only a percentage of what these men could
earn in other walks of life and the bright uni-
forms and hyphenated titles make up for the rest.

But unfortunately neither of these can be used
to bring up a family on, in these days of high
living, especially when their positions place them

89

90 UNIVERSAL PEACE

in the best society and highest walks of life.
Often the glamor of an officer's life (whatever
that may be) enables him to fish out of life's pond
a rich wife and thus make up for the meagre pay
he receives.

Then, of course, there is the chance of active
life on the battle-field, of being shot full of holes
and carrying around for life an ounce or two of
lead, some pain and wounds, or of dying and
having your name mentioned in two editions of
the papers (morning and evening) in large type,
saying that you died in the service of your coun-
try, and of later on having it carved on a monu-
ment along with a hundred others who died at
the same time.

All this may be compensation, but nearly all
of these men would have done far better if they
had remained out of the service, and all the
nation would have done better if it had used the
money paid these men for other things, or, bet-
ter still, had not used it at all, and thus lightened
the burden of taxes.

"" Nothing but injustice can come from war, or
preparations for it. The only thing positive about
it is that the nations of the world must pay two

WAR IS MESMERISM 91

billion dollars per year to be prepared to kill
people they do riot really wish to kill, and people
who ,would rather not be killed.

JAPAN

nr^HIS wonderful nation, these wonderful peo-
ple, during the last few years have done
much to change the map of the Orient and are
now recognized as a world power. Alert, active,
thinking people, as up-to-date in war methods as
any nation on earth, recognizing as no other
nation ever did, sanitary conditions, they defeated
religious, cumbersome, logy Russia, that paid
more attention to religious emblems than it did
to cleanliness, adequate armament and proper
surgical appliances.

Think of the Japanese soldier just before bat-
tle putting on clean linen, understanding that if
he were wounded he would have a better chance
of recovery if he had on clean linen. While the
Russian was counting his beads and looking at
his sacred ikon and in most cases as ignorant of
the laws of cleanliness as a goat is of pate de f oie
gras.

Skill and wisdom won, — the Jap secured his
long coveted Corea and can now have elbow
room, but could not this have been secured before
the Hague Tribunal? If proper steps had been

93

94 UNIVERSAL PEACE

taken, could not this have heen given to Japan?
Was not all the evidence on the side of Japan;
that this disordered, ill-governed country would
take great steps forward under the government
of Japan? If a Juvenile Court in one of our
great cities can give an unruly boy into the
proper hands to be brought up, why could not
the Hague Tribunal turn an unruly nation over
to proper guardians for the good of the nation
arid the good of the world?

We all witnessed the birth of a new era in 1905
when diplomacy in place of gun-powder and
blood freed Norway from Sweden. Without
firing one shot Norway became independent, free
to win in the world's race the place her energy
and judgment may assign to her.

What a great step this was and what a debt of
gratitude the world owes to both Norway and
Sweden for their wisdom and the great step
taken in solving such problems, minus arms and
Dreadnoughts, minus gun-powder, minus blood
and gore. The men usually killed in such surgi-
cal operations as separating two countries, in
this instance live to help work out the nation's
destiny.

WHO IS ON THE FIRING LINE?

a nation goes to war, who are the
people on the firing line? The people who
brought on the war? No. They only build the
fires of hell for others.

There can be little doubt but that if the men
at the front were to vote, sixty days after the
excitement caused by the rush to arms a majority
would decide that it was a mistake.

It makes a lot of difference whether you are
tramping all day through dust or mud, eating
canned food, when you must consult the label on
the can to tell what it is, sleeping on the ground
with bugs crawling over you, looking into the
mouths of guns, — or staying at home and whoop-
ing it up in the papers, where the only blood you
see is in the large red type on the extras.

Sometimes the people who have been partly
instrumental in creating war view it from a hill
or tree, and sometimes they may lead the army
when retreating and the hind ranks become the
front ranks.

How the world now looks back to the days of
old, the merry days of old, the tournament days,

7 95

96 UNIVERSAL PEACE

when men challenged each other and, dressed in
tin cans, attempted to punch each other's lives out
through the slats in the tin!

But the days of the duel have passed away.
Less than a hundred years ago each gentleman
of rank had his duelling pistols, which are now
sold as relics of the days gone by, and duelling is
frowned on by all nations. In France it still re-
mains in an opera-boufFe way. There the duel-
ling pistols are so small they can be used as
cuff-links or scarf pins when not in use other-
wise. But personal encounters on the field of
honor are things of the past and slander is taken
care of by the courts.

The only difference between duels of individ-
uals and duels between nations is that the former
are less harmful. It looks to me as if the men
who cause the duels of nations are like the sec-
onds in the old duelling days; they are not the
principals, they are merely the ones who arrange
the details and call the doctor when it is all over.

Love of country is good. Love of man is bet-
ter. The giving up of personal encounters is
only a step in the greater, coming move of Na-
tional Disarmament.

This must and will appeal to reason more and

WAR IS MESMERISM 97

more as the years pass by. There is no more
sense in nations meeting on the field of battle,
than there is in individuals meeting there, and if
the people who force nations into war were put
in the front ranks on the firing line, fewer wars
would be declared.

Is it not evident that a process of simultaneous and pro-
gressive arming defeats its own purpose? Scare answers
to scare and force begets force, until at length it comes to
be seen that we are racing one after another after a
phantom security which continually vanishes as we ap-
proach. If we hold with the late Mr. Hay, that "War is
the most futile and ferocious of human follies/' what are
we to say of the surpassing futility of expending the
strength and substance of nations on preparations for war,
possessing no finality, amenable to no alliances that states-
men can devise and forever consuming the well-being and
vitality of its people?

SIR HENRY CAMPBELL-BANNERMAN.

Everybody recognizes that the limitations of armaments
will gradually have as a corollary the reduction of the hours
of labor, the reduction of the price of goods, the develop-
ment of the country, the improvement of transport, of
public instruction of hygiene, and the adoption of social
reforms. People calculate what a country might do in the
way of constructing railways, bridges, ports, machinery,
schools, museums with merely a part of the money which

98 UNIVERSAL PEACE

is devoted to naval and military budgets * * * the
governments have no longer a choice. It is impossible to
continue the present system. Only ten years hence people
will be astonished that it would have lasted so long.

BARON d'ESTOURNELLES DE CONSTANT.

Turning now to the cost of wars in money, the
figures are staggering and would be more so if
they could be fully obtained. Only approximate
correctness is claimed for the following state-
ments :

The Napoleonic campaigns covering nineteen
years, in which France, Great Britain, Germany,
Italy, Austria, Spain, Russia and Turkey were
involved, $15,000,000,000.

The British- American war of 1812-14, $300,-
000,000.

The United States-Mexican war of 1846-48,
$180,000,000.

The Crimean war of 1854-56, $1,666,000,000.

The Italian wars of 1859, $294,000,000.

The Schleswig-Holstein war of 1864, $34,-
000,000.

The American Civil war of 1861-65, North
and South, $8,000,000,000. (A recent estimate
places the cost of this war including pensions and
interest since paid at $13,000,000,000.)

WAR IS MESMERISM 99

The Prussian-Austrian war of 1866, $825,-
000,000.

The Expeditions to Mexico, Morocco, Cochin
China, etc., 1861 to 1867, $200,000,000.

The Franco-Prussian war of 1870-71, $3,000,-
000,000.

The Russo-Turkish war of 1877, $1,100,-
000,000.

The Zulu and Afghan wars of 1879, $150,-
000,000.

The China-Japan war of 1894-95, $60,000,000.

The British-Boer war of 1899-1901, $1,300,-
000,000. (Great Britain, $1,250,000,000; Boer
Republics, estimated, $50,000,000.)

Spanish- American-Philippine war of 1898 to
1902, $800,000,000. (The United States for five
years, Edward Atkinson's estimate, $700,000,-
000; Spain and the Philippines, estimated, $100,-
000,000.)

The Russo-Japanese war of 1904-1905, $1,-
735,000,000. (Russia, $935,000,000; Japan,
$800,000,000.)

Horace Mann says :

If a thousandth part of what has been expended on war
and preparing its mighty engines had been devoted to the

100 UNIVERSAL PEACE

development of reason and the diffusion of Christian prin-
ciples, nothing would have been known for centuries past
of its terrors, its sufferings, its impoverishment, its de-
moralization, but what was learned from history.

PART II

THE MONROE DOCTRINE AND
PEACE

PEACE AND THE MONROE
DOCTRINE

Y readers may wonder what the Monroe
Doctrine has to do with peace and what
the connection is between the two.

Universal peace cannot be established and the
Monroe Doctrine stand. The Old World, out-
side of the Balkan States, Crete and Turkey, is
more or less peaceful. They look now and then
as if they would boil over, but the lid is taken off,
the steam escapes and no explosion takes place.
It is true that the leading nations are armed to
the teeth and, like a lot of game cocks, are all the
time sharpening their spurs.

But to establish Universal Peace, Central and
South America must be handled with a definite
plan, a plan that has a beginning and an end,
and the Monroe Doctrine stands in the way of
this as a ghost. But a ghost is supposed to be
transparent and the commercial eyes of the
United States can see through this humbug and
reduce it to its natural nothingness.

It was born in 1823, is now three score and ten

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104 UNIVERSAL PEACE

and old enough to have earned its everlasting
rest.

The plans to be outlined in the succeeding
chapters would lead to a peaceful and definite
solution of the problems in Central and South
America.

THE MONROE DOCTRINE AND
PEACE

T UNDERSTAND full well that in all ages,
anyone who undertakes to destroy one of the
nation's idols has a task before him, and no easy
task. The children of Israel objected to Moses
doing just this and so did the Aztecs when Cortez
demolished theirs, but that is no reason why idols
are any use to any people or any nation.

The Monroe Doctrine is a national fetish. It
came with the canal boat, in the tallow candle age,
and it ought to have gone out with them, but un-
fortunately it did not.

The so-called "Monroe Doctrine" was made
the subject of a message to Congress by Presi-
dent Monroe in 1823. The population of the
United States was then 10,000,000. The Mon-
roe Doctrine was perhaps the best policy for the
country in its weakness. It sounded well, it was
a good bluff and it worked.

But the policy for a nation of 10,000,000 peo-
ple does not follow as the logical policy for a
nation of 92,000,000, and a nation that is now in
the front rank of the nations.

106

106 UNIVERSAL PEACE

The policy of any nation and of all people
ought to be that which will bring the greatest
blessing to the greatest number, and there is no
way of blessing others and not blessing ourselves
at the same time.

The Monroe Doctrine has prevented other
nations — we will say the English — from taking
hold of some of the turbulent South American
states and giving them good government, which
would have made them prosper, grow and be
blessed, as all land which the English flag flies
over is blessed. It has prevented us from doing
the same, and has at the same time allowed a
number of these festering governments to con-
tinue festering, they resting on the fact that the
Monroe Doctrine sheltered them in their de-
bauchery and allowed them free rein to do as
they pleased.

Suppose all Central America had a strong
Government like Mexico, what would it mean
to the world, what would it mean to the United
States?

It is the duty of the strong nations to help the
weak ones. Nothing is taken from a nation if it
comes under the flag of England, Germany or
the United States. They bring it clean, up-to-

WAR IS MESMERISM 107

date government, they advance it hundreds of
years in the march of civilization, they add in-
creased values to the land, increase wages, make
life safe, prevent extortion from the people and
lead them in the proper paths of national exist-
ence. All are blessed and the home country pros-
pers in its trade, a proper and just reward for
the blessings conferred. What have we brought
to Porto Rico, the Philippines and Hawaii but
prosperity and blessings, and how we have at
the same time blessed our own land! Look at
the increased trade in the last ten years:

1899 1909

Philippines $4,813,000 $20,615,000

Hawaii 27,136,000 57,524,000

Porto Rico 5,866,000 49,663,000

$37,815,000 $127,802,000

The increase in the import and export trade
with Hawaii, Porto Rico and the Philippines in
ten years is $90,487,000.

Cuba, over which we have a kind of protector-
ate, gave us an import and export trade in 1899
of $45,000,000 and in 1909 of $139,000,000, or in
ten years our trade with these four places has
increased $184,487,000,

108 UNIVERSAL PEACE

The idea of a strong country taking charge of
the government of a weak, unruly country, is not
wrong if it gives it a good government.

Suppose that in Arkansas is a school with
numbers of unruly scholars ; the teacher is a sickly
chap and never can make his charges obey. The
School Board of the district hear constant com-
plaints regarding this school and after a personal
visit make up their minds that order will never
be restored while that teacher remains in charge,
and that a change is needed. They hire a big
six-footer to take the place of the teacher who
could not keep order. As soon as the new man
arrives, the unruly boys make up their minds that
it is useless longer to try and behave as they have
in the past and harmony now reigns in place of
disorder. The new teacher has no fight on his
hands ; his presence is all that is needed to restore
order.

Now nothing has changed, nothing has been
taken away; it is the same school, the same
scholars, the same school books. Nothing has
been lost; all was altered by the change in rulers.
The functions of the school can now be carried
out as they could not be under the reign of
disorder.

WAR IS MESMERISM 109

THE GREATEST GIFT THE WORLD
HAS EVER HAD HAS BEEN THE
ENGLISHMAN'S WILLINGNESS TO
GO TO ANY PART OF THE WORLD
AND GOVERN IT, and it would be better for
the world if England had still more of the world
than it has, for the reason that its government is
the cleanest of any and the cities in its colonies
models of neatness and order.

To govern colonies and keep them prosperous
and peaceful is a trade, and the Englishman leads
the world in it.

Our late successes in Porto Rico, Hawaii and
the Philippines, show that we are a good second ;
then comes Holland with excellent colonial gov-
ernment. After that it is no one nation in par-
ticular, but the field, occupied by Italy, Belgium,
Germany, Portugal and France, with Germany
no doubt leading.

The hands of progress have been fast turned
ahead through the example given by England
as a success in colonial government.

Porto Rico has only 3,606 square miles, but
since we have taken charge of it our import and
export trade has grown from $5,859,000 to nearly
$50,000,000 per year. An increase of $44,000,-

110 UNIVERSAL PEACE

000, and while we have benefited our own country
to such a great extent, we have taken nothing
from Porto Rico since our flag has flown over it,
but we have given it the greatest inheritance on
earth, good government.

While it was under the Spanish flag it lan-
guished. With the United States at the helm
prosperity has increased by leaps and bounds,
property has risen in value millions and millions
of dollars. Good roads reach to all parts of the
island. There are schools in all districts. Sani-
tary conditions have replaced filth. Porto Rico
is better off, we are better off, and the world has
gained.

Each man has the same property that he had
under the Spanish rule. We have not taken a
foot of land from anyone, but we have given
every blessing that a good stable government can
confer on the people of the Island.

It came to us, it is true, as an inheritance from
war, but had it not come this way it would have
paid us to have bought it from Spain, just as we
bought Alaska from Russia. And here again is
a wonderful blessing conferred, not only on our
nation, but on Alaska, as we get in trade and gold
many times over each year what we paid Russia

WAR IS MESMERISM 111

for the whole country. Alaska never would have
prospered under Russian rule as it has under
ours. All the world likes to follow where Eng-
land or the United States govern.

Had Russia retained Alaska, no doubt Japan
in the late war would have taken Alaska as one
of the first steps in the war, and we might have
had today a section of the Japanese Empire on
our continent as a result of that war.

Now my readers will wonder what the Monroe
Doctrine has to do with the peace movement in
the world. It has a great deal to do with the
peace movement.

Suppose that England, Russia, Germany,
France, Italy, Austria and Japan agreed, as I
have proposed that each nation should, to reduce
their standing armies one-tenth each year and
when down to one-tenth of the present strength,
that tenth to be retained for police duty in
Europe, India and the Islands of the sea, to en-
force peace. If any section of Africa or the
Eastern World needed attention, this peace army
and navy would take charge of that section and
when peace had been restored, the Hague Tri-
bunal would decide which nation should take
charge of the district or country. If this Tri-

112 UNIVERSAL PEACE

bunal can decide a boundary dispute, it can also
decide a case like this.

This would at once establish peace in all the
nations of the Old World and the Orient, but it
would leave sections of Central and South Amer-
ica still in the boiling pot, still festering sores, and
they will nearly all remain in this condition un-
less some nation able to bring about good results
steps in. Now under the Monroe Doctrine we
would not allow any foreign nation to do this.
Why, I cannot tell; they are nearer us where
they are than they would be in South America.
Had England or Germany occupied Venezuela
twenty years ago and left an open door, it would
have been a great blessing for us, infinitely bet-
ter than things as they are. But, best of all, we
ought to have stepped in long ago and estab-
lished a protectorate over Venezuela. Venezuela
has an area of 593,000 square miles and our im-
port and export trade with this country is only
$10,896,000 a year. It is a paradise; there are
wonderful chances here for millions of people to
thrive under our flag; they would surely come
from every country. In five years all land would
treble in value, all business would be on a safe
basis; in ten years our trade would reach $100,-

WAR IS MESMERISM 113

000,000. We would build railroads, develop
mines. The rich grass lands would support mil-
lions of cattle to take the place of our western
plains, now rapidly filling up with settlers. No
one would be harmed by the change in govern-
ment and no doubt ninety per cent, of the people
would be glad of it. Only a few of the governing
class would be out of jobs, and they would not be
if we found them proper persons to hold their
positions. Order would come out of years of
chaos. We would be the master, they would be
the scholars. Not a drop of blood would be
spilled, but if things go on as now, there will be
much spilled, if the past is any criterion of the
future. The world would be benefited, our man-
ufactures would boom with the business they
would receive, and all from our bringing a great
blessing to the world.

We would increase land values in that country
by leaps and bounds. It would amount to mil-
lions. The man whose land is now worth $1,000
would find it in a few years worth at least $5,000
or $10,000. So we would make the people there
richer than they can ever dream of being under
the present government. This would take so
much of the world out of the turbulent class and

114 UNIVERSAL PEACE

put it in the peaceful class. So much for
Venezuela.

Now in Central America there is only one
really good government, and that is Costa Rica.
There is a fair government in Salvador and of
this I shall speak later, but Costa Rica has
a good clean government as far as the world
knows. Good cities, prosperous, contented peo-
ple, and this has more or less been brought about
through the United Fruit Company's influence.
American talent has helped it. It is the Switzer-
land of Central America. Panama will sooner
or later come under our influence or control, and
the opening of the Canal will bring many people
there, so that large cities will spring up and the
United States will not brook any disturbance
there. But if Venezuela and Colombia were un-
der the United States flag great prosperity would
come to them and only north of Panama would
remain states to be given good government, and
in my mind it ought to be the duty of the United
States and Mexico, jointly, to do so.

No one who lives in the United States and has
never visited Mexico has any idea of the won-
derful strides Mexico has made. To me, after
forty-one visits, is it a wonderland. It has a

WAR IS MESMERISM 115

wonderfully good government, splendid laws.
Its railroad laws are no doubt the best in the
world, and its railroads offer the best investment
that can be made by investors anywhere in the
world. The rates are stable, the Government
gives fixed concessions that enable the railroads
to be sure that its property will remain, and all
the railroads, with a few exceptions, show in-
creased incomes each year.

Its mining laws are as good as can be desired,
its postal service and telegraph system are ex-
cellent. Its credit in the markets of the world for
its bonds is near the top, and all its securities are
now higher than ever.

The Americans and foreigners who live in
Mexico all bear tribute to the splendid govern-
ment. The hospital in the City of Mexico is only
excelled by one or two in the world. Its peniten-
tiary is equalled by few.

The capital city of Mexico is a beautiful city
and when the new government buildings now
under way are finished, it will be, with its splen-
did parks, clean streets and avenues, one of the
finest cities in the world.

This is our sister republic and a sister to be
proud of. All this has been brought about by the

116 UNIVERSAL PEACE

great President and the officers under him dur-
ing the last thirty years. Such ability to under-
stand Latin- Americans, in connection with our
strength, if combined in a joint protectorate over
Honduras, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Salvador,
would produce wonderful results. Mexico with
the United States would combine strength with
knowledge, so if these countries had the stable
government that this joint control would give,
prosperity would be assured, the country would
be opened to trade and settlement, the land would
be developed and would rapidly rise in value, no
one would be hurt and all would be benefited.
Our own people would benefit and the Mexican
railroads would be extended south into these
lands, and they would be benefited and all the
shareholders in these roads in our own land would
prosper.

Under the stable government in Mexico our
trade has increased fourfold in thirty years.

People who do not know how to govern would
give place to two nations that do know how, peace
and prosperity would reign in all Central
America and would be established for years to
come. This joint control by the United States
and Mexico would cement our two nations to-

WAR IS MESMERISM 117

gether as nothing else on earth can, and these
close ties would be of mutual benefit. It would
be a great and just tribute by the United States
to the splendid work of President Diaz, in bring-
ing order to the grand land he rules over. This
arrangement and this country's establishing a
protectorate over the rich and disgracefully gov-
erned Hayti would be a long step toward estab-
lishing world peace, at least peace and prosperity
to this continent. All would be blessed, no one
would be hurt, no blood would be spilled, and
the future spilling of blood would be averted.

Then there would remain in South America
some problems, but there is no doubt that Argen-
tina, Chili and Brazil can work out in their sec-
tions the problem of good government in time,
but if world peace were established in all other
parts of the world, it would soon become con-
tagious, and the promised day of peace would
dawn for us all to live to see.

What a blessing if it could come now! I hope
this book will be a step in that direction, and if
I can in any way hasten that day, I shall con-
sider it a greater crown than any king can wear.

OBSERVATIONS

OBSERVATIONS

TT is always strange in proposing a new idea to
see the different angles from which people
will look at it.

I have in times past talked with friends of the
foolishness of the Monroe Doctrine, of the fact
that it has been a great factor in retarding world
progress.

At once the answer is, "We do not wish Euro-
pean governments on our continent." "Well,"
I say, "but they are there now," and to my sur-
prise, I find that not over forty per cent, of the
people who uphold the dear old doctrine have
any idea that on our own continent now are the
English, French and Dutch governments and
that in the West Indies are the British, French
and Dutch again, and also the Danish. Even in
Central America is England again, in Honduras.
The people who do know this overlook it in talk-
ing of the Monroe Doctrine.

TRADE AND CIVILIZATION GO
HAND IN HAND.

The wonderful effect on trade with the United
States, where a good government exists, is shown

121

122 UNIVERSAL PEACE

by Costa Rica. There are in the Republic only
18,400 square miles of territory, yet our export
and import trade is $5,000,000 per year. With
Honduras, which is much nearer us, with a terri-
tory nearly three times as large as Costa Rica,
46,200 square miles, and a rich country with a
splendid coast line, our trade is only $3,650,000
per year. A country much larger and a trade
$1,500,000 less.

In British Honduras our trade is nearly
$2,000,000 per year, although the area is only
7,500 square miles.

What a wonderful showing this is of the bene-
fit to us of good government in Central America.
Here is a country under the British flag, only
7,500 square miles in area, and a trade with us
of only $1,500,000 less than all of Honduras with
its 46,200 square miles. Under good government
in British Honduras our trade is equal to $270
per square mile. In Honduras our trade is equal
to about $70 per square mile. If our trade with
Honduras were as great in proportion as is our
trade with British Honduras, instead of $3,650,-
000 per year we would have nearly $13,000,000.

Now if we can exist with the British flag in all

WAR IS MESMERISM 123

Canada, Newfoundland, etc., why should we
object if all Honduras had English government?
That 7,500 square miles there now are under the
British flag does not worry us. It benefits us and
how much greater would be the the benefit, if all
the 46,200 square miles of Honduras were under
the same flag, which perhaps it would now be, if
it were not for the foolish Monroe Doctrine. We
would be benefited, the people of Honduras
would be gainers, and so would all the rest of the
world.

To prove what a blessing it is to us to have the
British flag in the West Indies, the area of all
these islands, Trinidad, the Bahamas, Bermuda
and Jamaica, is only 20,510 square miles, yet our
trade (and we are not the home country) is $24,-
755,000 per year. What would this trade be
today if these islands had the government that
all Central America has, outside of Costa Rica
and perhaps Panama?

It is our duty as a nation to fix up all the
world near us, so that this section will be bene-
fited and we will be benefited. We wish to culti-
vate this nation's garden, which is near us, as
much as we can. If a territory near us can be
made to thrive and it does not, it is our duty to

124 UNIVERSAL PEACE

help it for our own sake and for the sake of the
people of the country.

Central America, with a government such as
England gives British Honduras, which a joint
protectorate of the United States and Mexico
would give, in a few years would give us a trade
reaching $100,000,000 per year or more.

To sail down to Honduras with a few troops
and take possession of it for joint control by the
United States and Mexico, would be an easy job,
but people would say that it was stealing to take
from a nation its individual existence. If proper
use is not made of territory near us, if proper
government is not accorded, we have the right
to step in and see that it is. We would not be
pulling Honduras up by the roots and bringing
it up to the United States. It would all be left
just where it is, but good government would be
established, and every property owner would be
that much richer the day it was done.

Still some will say that it is not right to take
the national existence away from a nation. This
sounds well, but means nothing. We thought the
South was abusing the negro and we took the
negro away and made him free. Now the popu-
lation of Central America is not free in our un-

WAR IS MESMERISM 125

derstanding of the word, and if we thought it
best at vast expense to free the negro, why not
free Central America, Venezuela and Colombia
from misrule ?

If we see a man abusing his horse, we take the
horse away from him and send the man to prison.
If the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals is a good thing, why is not a Society or
Combination of Nations for the Prevention of
Cruelty to Nations, just as necessary? The one
protects dumb animals, the other would protect
human beings.

I see no reason why our Government should
tolerate the hell that has existed for years in
Hayti and in parts of Central and South
America. And as we have now established a
kind of protectorate over Liberia with the con-
sent of European countries, why not over parts
of Central and South America? Africa is far
away from us while Central America is near.
What foolishness it is for us to stand by and
allow this present racket in Honduras!

If we are not willing to preserve order and in-
sist on sane government, let some other nation
that is willing to do so, step in, as long as the
trade door is open to the United States.

126 UNIVERSAL PEACE

We went back to Cuba the second time, and
the fact that the next time we return will be the
final one acts as a wholesome restraint on the
Cubans. We are in a way back of Santa Do-
mingo and its finances, and the little republic is
a safe, peaceful place, while on the same island is
turbulent Hayti. Why pick out Cuba and leave
Hayti alone? Why Santa Domingo and not
Hayti?

We are a humane people, unless we get the war
microbe. If Buffalo has a fire that it cannot con-
trol, the fire department of some adjoining city
is sent to help it. There is no difference between
sending engines to fight fire and sending men to
fight graft and bad government. A protector-
ate of the United States over Venezuela and
Colombia would add increased values of mil-
lions and millions to the wealth of the world.
Land owners in those countries, not now able to
find markets for their land, would find markets
at greatly increased prices. This would give
them money to put in circulation and a great
deal of it would find its way to the United States
in purchases.

In less than two years all the inhabitants of
those countries would call us blessed, and so

WAR IS MESMERISM 127

would the world, and we as a nation would be
quite "chesty" as we contemplated the good we
had done.

GOOD GOVERNMENT AND GOOD
TRADE

OMETIME the people of the United States
will understand that Good Government
means Civilization and Civilization means Good
Trade. They will then insist on good govern-
ment in the countries south of Mexico, for the
reason that it will not only mean peace for this
section, but large trade for the United States.
They will demand it for two reasons : one to up-
lift humanity, and the other — a selfish reason —
for the benefit to the United States that will
follow.

What have we done toward prolonging life in
Cuba and Panama, by the great fight made
against yellow fever? We have made Havana a
healthful city at all times of the year, and Pan-
ama, once feared by everybody in summer, is as
healthful now in summer as it is in winter. Un-
der the French management, the people died like
flies in the fall, but when our nation arrived on
the ground the filth holes were filled up, streets
were paved, pure water took the place of the
filthy cisterns that had been the sole supply of

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130 UNIVERSAL PEACE

drinking water during the dry season, and plans
were promulgated for heading off the mosquitoes,
which were the disseminators of yellow fever.
Sewers were installed in place of sinks.

Now this was good for the people of Panama
and for the Cubans, but was it not good for the
people of the United States? Was it not a great
risk for us to have such yellow fever camps so
near our own borders? A number of times the
yellow fever scourge was brought from Cuba to
New Orleans and our other southern ports. So
in helping Panama and Cuba to be clean and
healthful, we also guarded our own people by
removing the menace.

The Mexican people, seeing the great change
wrought in these two countries by improved san-
itary conditions, started in and dug sewers, paved
the streets and gave pure water to Vera Cruz,
and yellow fever promptly packed its trunk and
left Vera Cruz.

So what was proven for all that section by the
advent of the American and his business meth-
ods? It was proven that yellow fever and filth
and dirt were partners, and that when the dirt
and filth were removed the firm had to go out of
business, and we proved to the people of these

WAR IS MESMERISM 131

sections that they did not have to bow their heads
to this scourge. We benefited these places and
also benefited our own country by removing a
menace, and as yellow fever was conquered and
Cuba and Panama were helped, so good govern-
ment south of Mexico, under the wing of the
United States and Mexico, would to the same
extent benefit that section and the United States
as well, just as our victory over yellow fever has
benefited Cuba and Panama and at the same
time benefited the United States.

NATIONS WITH COLIC

r I ^ HE frequent revolutions in Central America
and now and then in South America can
be prevented by good government.

It is like a child crying with the colic, some-
thing is wrong inside in both cases.

A child wants a toy that it cannot reach, in-
stinct says, "Cry and you will get it." Instinct
is obeyed and the toy is handed down.

These revolutions are the people crying aloud
for good, stable government. They do not know
what else to do. The United States and Mexico
could give Central America just what it wants,
good government, but refrain. Why? The
answer is, "Thanks to the obsolete Monroe
Doctrine."

The strength of this combination would fill the
world with confidence. It would unite with the
great power that we represent the wisdom that
the people of Mexico represent, as shown by the
masterly way in which they have brought har-
mony out of chaos. They understand the Span-
ish American, for they represent the highest type
of that race. The Pan American Railroad

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134 UNIVERSAL PEACE

would then no doubt be pushed as far south as
Panama, with branches reaching to all parts of
Central America, and the day is not far distant
when sleepers will run from Chicago to the
Panama Canal. In time the Canal will be
bridged and the main line extended to the Argen-
tine, Chili and all parts of South America.

Good government for Central America, be-
tween the southern boundary of Mexico and
Costa Rica, must hasten that day.

The Pan American Road is now at the border
of Guatemala and only a short line in Guatemala
must be built to connect with the Guatemala Cen-
tral. This road would then pass through Hon-
duras to Tegucigalpa, from there through Nica-
ragua and continue south through the Republic
of Costa Rica to the capital of that country.
Nearly half of this line is finished, but in dis-
connected sections.

With the governments of these countries un-
der the joint protectorate of the United States
and Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and Nica-
ragua could give a subsidy of bonds and lands to
aid such a road that would have a market value.
The road would do much to develop this section

WAR IS MESMERISM 135

of Central America and its securities would find
ready sale.

I refer my readers to the standing of Mexican
bonds and shares in the markets of the world.

To handle the Central American situation suc-
cessfully, cooperation between the United States
and Mexico is logical, sane and imperative.

PRESIDENT DIAZ

book would not be complete without a
chapter on the great President of Mexico,
Porfirio Diaz, whom I consider the greatest man
on earth today and one of the greatest men who
ever lived. He is every inch not only a king but
the highest type of man.

To judge him as he is, one must understand
Mexico and its history, must see as I have seen
the wonderful changes taking place every year.

When General Diaz assumed office as Presi-
dent, it was a few years after Maximilian's reign,
when the state was just freed from the church
after years of turmoil. All nations have to go
through this struggle — Italy, France and Portu-
gal have and now Spain is at work on the same
task.

There were numerous scars left from this
struggle; the country was overrun with bandits
—men who had taken up this profession, not
from choice, but because they had to in order to
live. Business was ruined after all the years of
turmoil, there was only one bank in Mexico and
only 300 miles of railroad. There were thirty

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138 UNIVERSAL PEACE

different dialects spoken and no attempt was
made at educating the masses. To get up an
insurrection had always been as easy in the past
as to pick up a fishing rod and go fishing. The
precious metals mined amounted to only about
$30,000,000 per year.

This was the condition then, when he under-
took one of the greatest tasks any man on earth
ever faced, and remember this was only thirty-
four years ago.

National credit there was none. The great
arid plains north of Zacatecas, for 500 miles or
more, supported no one and separated central
Mexico from the northern part, only long, dusty
roads connecting the two sections. The great
Sierra Madre mountains formed an almost im-
passable barrier between the west coast and the
capital, and were full of bandits.

The first thing President Diaz did was to
arouse the patriotism of these bandits, and
presto ! these men who had been the terror of all
sections were transferred into the Rurales of
Mexico, and from that day to this they have been
one of the greatest police forces any country ever
had. At once all parts of Mexico under their

WAR IS MESMERISM 139

patrol became peaceful and all disturbance
ended.

In place of armed guards once in six months
taking the precious metals to market, mines at
any time shipped their output in silver and gold
dust or concentrates, guarded only by one or two
peons. Day after day these trains would wind
around the mountains, cross the valleys and
plains and always arrive safely. Year after year
this increased in volume and value and it is al-
most impossible to hear of a case where a train
did not arrive in safety.

Education was taken up for the masses, for-
eign trade was established, the great plains at the
north were crossed by railroads, banks were
started, commercial Mexico was born. Foreign
capital prospected in a small way and then came
in bunches. National credit started on a rock
foundation — honesty.

Then came the slump in silver. The bankers
of the world licked their chops as they saw a
readjustment of the debt with its attending juicy
commission. But no, Diaz refused to default or
repudiate. He said, "We owe it, and we will
pay it, just as the bond is written, no matter
where silver goes." Retrenchment was made,

140 UNIVERSAL PEACE

leading officials refused to accept salaries while
Mexico suffered. And behold! a wonder burst
on the financial world, a nation with every reason
for compromising its debts refused to do so. This
was the birth of a new era for Mexico and the
world.

The bankers lost, but the world gained. Then
President Diaz began to be understood. Here
was not a freebooter, here was a patriot, a man.
National credit after the explosion of this bomb
of honesty on a startled world, jumped by leaps
and bounds. Honest Mexico took the place in
the world of festering Mexico.

Great railroad development took place, mines
were opened and now the precious metals output
is $110,000,000 per year and there are 16,000
miles of railroad.

In 1896 the railroad laws were revised and
when Mexico undertakes anything, it is done
well. The new railroad law is the best on earth;
the people are guarded but so is capital. Roads
are given fixed rates and capital has assurance of
being allowed fair returns. This law will do
much for the progress of Mexico. It is impossi-
ble to predict what the development in the United
States would be with such a law.

WAR IS MESMERISM 141

A few years ago, as soon as Mexico was on a
sure foundation-, it began internal improvements,
splendid streets, asphalt pavements, good sewage
systems, fine buildings, beautiful parks, city
markets were built in all cities, models of neat-
ness. Splendid hospitals were installed in each
city. Good schools were opened and in thirty-
four years Mexico came from the low ranks of
nations to the top.

Great men were found to take the different
positions of trust, until now the cabinet and gov-
ernors will rank with similar officials in any land.
When it is understood that only ten per cent, of
the population of Mexico belong to the govern-
ing class, it will be seen that it was not easy to
find proper men, but President Diaz has found
them.

The peon is being lifted up year by year,
taught better ways of living, and in a few gen-
erations he will be as resourceful and enterpris-
ing as he was in the days of Cortez before he had
the manhood crushed out of him by years of
oppression.

It is true that now and then you will read of
socialists attempting to stir up the people, as
always happen when people first grasp educa-

142 UNIVERSAL PEACE

tion, but that will all be handled as the last at-
tempt was. For remember that ninety-nine per
cent, of Mexico is grateful for the great man at
its head, and that while one per cent, may now
and then make a big noise, noise does not run the
world; it is results which count.

The peaceful way, blazed by the great Diaz,
will be followed by the Mexican nation and this
path leads to prosperity and greatness. The
whole world is under a debt of gratitude to
Porfirio Diaz.

SALVADOR

SALVADOR, Central America, is a good ex-
ample of what years of peace will accom-
plish. This little country has only 7,200 square
miles of territory, yet its population is over
1,000,000 people, while next to it is Honduras
with 46,000 square miles, or over six and a half
times the size of Salvador, and only 500,000
population. If Honduras had the population
proportionally that Salvador has, there would be
nearly 7,000,000 people, and it would have if it
had a strong government, such as a joint pro-
tectorate by the United States and Mexico would
give.

In this world there are millions of people who
would like to go to a country like Honduras if
it had a stable government, and it would mean a
great deal to our prosperity if 7,000,000 people
lived in Honduras instead of 500,000.

With a joint protectorate of the United States
and Mexico over Honduras, there is no doubt
but that in one year land values would increase
$50,000,000. In that country, people who are
now land poor would be rich, and on the other

10 143

144. UNIVERSAL PEACE

side what would be the loss? Perhaps fifty offi-
cials out of work; a loss in salaries of say $1,500
each per year, or $75,000. That might be a loss
to some of the government officials, but if they
were proper people, they would no doubt be
allowed to remain in office, and if so, their com-
pensation would be twice what it is now.

Railroad lines would be built, banks would be
started, steamship lines would be crowded, taking
settlers there. The great gold belt would take
new life and old mines would be re-opened. And
if the land laws were to be modelled after the
laws of Salvador, preventing large holdings, it
would be a great benefit.

Our trade with little Salvador, with only 7,200
square miles, is nearly $2,500,000 per year, while
with Honduras it is only about a million dollars
more, although Honduras is six and a half times
as large.

The examples mentioned in the preceding
chapters and this one prove that a good govern-
ment or only a fair government in Central.
America leads to prosperity, not only for the
country having it, but for our own land.

Costa Rica with only 341,000 population has a
trade with us of about $5,000,000 per year, while

WAR IS MESMERISM 145

Guatemala, with a population nearly five times
as great, has a trade with us of about the same
amount.

Civilization develops trade, increases values,
lengthens life, blesses all.

There is ample room in Central America for
15,000,000 people, and if Guatemala, Honduras,
Costa Rica and Nicaragua were only to have a
population per square mile anywhere near equal
to that of Salvador, the population would be
about 15,000,000.

Suppose a bank in some small city in England
has a capital of <£l 00,000, and the control is
bought up by one of the large London banks, as
has been the case in a number of instances. The
same directors remain as the local advisors, the
same manager remains. Who has been hurt?
Everything is the same ; same building, same de-
positors, same man at the head. But now great
strength is back of the institution, which was not
before. All has been gain, there has been no loss
to any one.

Make the governments of Central America,
Venezuela and Colombia strong and the world
will take a great step forward and all will be
blessed.

ARGENTINA, CHILI AND BRAZIL

r I ^HE three best nations of South America are
Argentina, Chili and Brazil. They have
very fair governments and each year witnesses
an improvement. The government of Brazil does
not yet rank with those of Argentina and Chili.

Nothing has had a greater influence in freeing
and developing these nations than the commer-
cial genius of England. Contact with the 'Eng-
lish mind always lifts up and improves every sec-
tion of the world which receives it.

The Englishman has intermarried with the
residents of these countries and it is his money
and influence that has made them as great as they
are. And this great amount of foreign money
forces respect for the ideas and desires of the
Englishman, the greatest commercial force the
world has ever known.

England has not a political protectorate over
any of these countries, hers is a commercial and
financial one. But had Brazil been for thirty
years one of England's colonies, it would be one
of the greatest countries on earth. The mind of
man cannot grasp its natural resources and

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148 UNIVERSAL PEACE

riches, nor what it would be today had it been
part of the British Empire for thirty years.
Brazil has done very well, but England under-
stands how to develop and govern colonies as no
other nation does. The wonders produced in
Australia would never have been produced by
any nation except England.

English money is already found in all parts of
Latin America and would be to the same extent
as in Argentina, Chili and Brazil, if good govern-
ments existed and the Englishman felt that it
was as safe a field.

Take therefore, the talent from him
and give it unto him which hath ten
talents.

For unto every one that hath shall be
given, and he shall have abundance: but
from him that hath not shall be taken
away even that which he hath.

M'ATTHEW XXV. 28, 29.

In every civilized land freedom is only granted
to the inhabitants of the country so long as they
do not abuse it, and if they do abuse it, the of-
fenders have their freedom taken from them.
Laws of property are respected and the offender

WAR IS MESMERISM 149

against the laws of life is restrained. Were this
not so, chaos would reign and there would in
time be no nation. It is understood that
harmony is the foundation stone of order and
civilization.

That which would not be allowed in Berlin,
London or New York — that which is a crime
against the laws there— is a crime in Central
America or South Africa. If nations disturb
the peace, it is worse than if individuals do so.
An individual may break the laws of good gov-
ernment, but he can be restrained and the
nation's progress is not stopped, but if a nation
remains turbulent, its progress is not only re-
tarded, but it goes backward instead of forward.

Progress is the law of the infinite. Talents
must be used, must be put out at interest, or the
right to them is forfeited.

The first consideration is the welfare of their
nation, for the sake of the people who inhabit it
and for those who might settle there if good gov-
ernment existed.

This does not mean that a strong nation actu-
ated by greed or land hunger shall by force seize
a weaker nation, any more than a strong man
should steal from a weaker one, but it does mean

150 UNIVERSAL PEACE

that any strong nations have the right to estab-
lish and preserve peace in the world. There is a
wide gulf between "grab" and the higher aim of
uplifting man.

Again all the world would have been the gainer
had Brazil and Argentina agreed on a joint pro-
tectorate over Uruguay and Paraguay or had
made a division of the territory comprised in
those two countries, after the awful wars forced
on them by the fiend Lopez in the '60's, which
lasted until 1870.

Their histories from then on would have been
much more peaceful than they have been; their
debts could have been paid, as greater prosperity
would have meant larger incomes.

Argentina during the last thirty years has had
its local troubles, but it has worked out a high
standing for itself as a nation, and is now, no
doubt, on a strong basis. This would have car-
ried Uruguay and Paraguay along in the march
of progress and would have been of incalculable
gain to South America.

I quote here the interesting statement of the
Hon. Y. Takekoshi, member of the Japanese
House of Representatives. If you substitute for
the words "barbarous people," "incompetent

WAR IS MESMERISM 151

people," you have the exact stand that I take in
this chapter. Mr. Takekoshi says:

It is the universal rule that civilized nations have the
right and are bound to lead barbarous peoples to civiliza-
tion and enlightenment. Europeans are able to step into
any uncivilized region of the earth by virtue of their train-
ing and call such barbarians "the white man's burden."

LOOK UP

THHE trouble with our world is that we look
down more than we look up. We look to
the earth and earthy things for our happiness in
place of educating the higher instincts of man.
This always leads to fear thoughts.

When a nation or a man gets anything worth
having, the first thought that comes is fear that
it will be lost. Then comes the thought of guard-
ing it ; nations build Dreadnoughts and rich men
have one or two detectives to follow them. The
joy is in the chase for riches, the fear comes when
they are secured, and often the fear of loss is
greater than the pleasure of possession.

This is because we look to earth too much.
There can be no loss unless it be that the man-
hood and sunshine are taken out of our lives; if
they remain, we have suffered no loss.

England, Holland and now the United States
have done much to civilize the world and to give
to distant lands good stable governments. Never
mind if there is a strain of selfishness in all this
(the commercial spirit) ; the results are good, and
just compensation, good trade, is the reward. It

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154 UNIVERSAL PEACE

is proper to expect a reward for these blessings.

Now remove the hate and fear thoughts and
we have ideal conditions for great world progress
and development, and if the wide path of civiliza-
tion is followed, what will be the reward for such
progress as awaits a nation willing to undertake
the task of lifting up humanity?

Now, none of this virtue comes from the gun's
mouth. It is brain power, heart power, that gives
a distant nation as good government as the home
country has, — and often better.

No gun is needed to bring sanitary conditions
to cities; no war-ship is needed in the front yard
of a nation, to tell it to build schoolhouses in the
center of Java. No arsenal belches forth the
assurance that a rubber plantation in Borneo is
a good commercial enterprise.

No keg of gunpowder ever inspired the build-
ing of telegraph and telephone lines or installed
mail service to all parts of a protectorate. It was
the brain and will that brought these blessings.
Destruction never built up anything.

When people do their duty, they need never
worry about their being rewarded; the reward is
following right behind and will arrive on time.
The shackles of war will be broken one by one.

WAR IS MESMERISM 155

Men are poking their heads ahove the clouds of
fear, hate and malice and catching glimpses of
true manhood, true brotherhood and the destiny
of nations, and are beckoning to the laggards in
the march of civilization. Men like Edwin
Ginn of Boston are striking types; Baroness Von
Suttner is one, Andrew Carnegie is another. The
Czar of Russia had a great vision once of the
wonderful results of peace, but he suffered an
eclipse.

There are no boundaries to Justice; Love has
no empire but the mind of man. Charity is not
only giving bread and clothes to the needy and
building hospitals for the sick, but all up lifting
ideas are charity. Good government for weak
nations is charity, and the best of all.

We have built an imaginary fence around Cen-
tral and South America and have put a sign on
it: "Foreign nations keep out," and have signed
it, "Doctor Monroe." Then we have let the Devil
have full swing. It has done the nations no good
and we have suffered for nearly a hundred years
by the foolish practice.

We frown on bull-fights and cock-fights and
then build a ring for bad nations to fight in and
say to the world : "Hands off." That is looking
down, not up.

156 UNIVERSAL PEACE

Are we a nation of men with hearts and minds
or are we only snarling dogs? A dog will allow
you to pet him until he gets a bone and then he
snarls and shows his Dreadnoughts,

And so it is with our nation. Looking upward
we see the great good a canal across Panama will
do the United States and the world. This is the
dog without the bone. Then as this wonderful
work nears completion, we want to affix to our
great and noble work a double row of teeth-
forts — so that we can snarl and if necessary bite.
What foolishness! The nations of the world
must be so grateful for this work that they would
consent to make this neutral ground and agree
that no battles should ever be fought on land or
sea, within fifty miles of either port.

The Suez Canal has existed for years without
forts and is in good health. A Secretary of Peace
in the cabinet of the United States would work
out a peaceful agreement on these lines, but we
cannot expect a Secretary of War to do this. His
title would not fit the task; his vision and his
desk are filled with plans of forts and fortifica-
tions.

There is no picture or drawing of peace. It is
just a principle. You apprehend it; you cannot

WAR IS MESMERISM 157

print it in colors or nail it to the ground. You
cannot hide behind it, but you can live in it.

We will not undertake to put a protectorate
over Venezuela or Colombia, yet this could be
done without bloodshed, and would bless both of
these nations and would treble land values. In-
vestors from all parts of the world would come
and build and develop. We hesitate to give good
government to Central America, but undertake
it with success in the Philippines. We force the
head hunters of these islands to drop their de-
lightful occupation and attend school, and we
bring peaceful business conditions to all parts of
the Philippines, but at the same time allow revo-
lutions in Honduras, Guatemala and Nicaragua.

If we resent a foreign government in Central
or South America, why not ourselves with Mex-
ico give good government to those nations, since
we will not allow others to do so?

There is enough talent in the world to give
good government to every section of the earth,
where it does not now exist.

The Japanese and Chinese come to our coun-
try to learn at our colleges. If men of these
countries can come here to get education, why
cannot the leading nations of the world force

158 UNIVERSAL PEACE

education on the countries that are not well gov-
erned? Think of the hell that has existed in
Turkey for centuries ; of the thousands murdered,
tortured and imprisoned; of the young women
forced into a slavery worse than death, and think
of Christian, civilized peoples loaning such na-
tions money. The world has tools nearly as
potent as Dreadnoughts to force them to respect
human laws.

We ought to look up, not down; we ought to
look more at the right and not think only of the
coin that goes in the nation's pocket.

Mercy, Justice and Truth would bring any
nation greater profits than Force, Injustice and
Wrong.

I hope to live to see the day when it will be
within the powers of the Hague Tribunal to give
strong governments jurisdiction over weak ones.

The Dutch people have taken Sumatra, Java,
Borneo, New Guinea and other sections of the
world; have elevated the people so that they
cooperate with the officials from Holland in giv-
ing stable governments to their islands. With
their money the Dutch have done wonders for
these lands; Mercy and Wisdom have followed
their flag, and I thank the sturdy Hollander for
what he has done in those islands.

WAR IS MESMERISM 159

Armies and navies must be maintained for
police duty for years and one-tenth of the armed
force of the world is more than ample for this,
but there is no need to have them for conquest
or to satisfy revenge.

There is no doubt but that the natural desires
of man are for harmony and peace. Discord and
war are unnatural. The desire for war is a na-
tional indigestion and can be cured by large doses
of right thinking and wisdom.

If men can be enlisted for armies and navies,
nations can be enlisted for peace, and Dread-
noughts be given to the cities as relics of the past,
just as the bones of antedeluvian monsters now
grace our museums. To see Dreadnoughts as
implements of the past, philanthropists would no
doubt buy them from the bargain counter of the
nations and present them to different cities.

The millions spent for guns to kill the enemy
with shot and shell fail in this aim, but the recoil
—cost — crushes the nations that are back of
them.

The onrush of the nations in the Dreadnought
race has for its goal the grave of despair and
national bankruptcy.

In England the swollen budgets and increased

11

160 UNIVERSAL PEACE

taxation have already swamped numerous indus-
tries. And this destruction is wrought by the
cost of war implements, even before they are
brought into action.

The day will come when monuments will be
erected to the Age of Peace; monuments having
for their bases the guns of the world, with their
muzzles pointed to earth. The swords shall be
plowshares, and the lead and iron fashioned into
implements for the commercial conquest of the
earth. All men will be brothers; Charity and
Love will fill all the world, and men will look up.

The following chapters from Mr. Stilwell's
book, "CONFIDENCE, OR NATIONAL
SUICIDE?" are reproduced here, as they have
a bearing on the preceding chapters of this book.

161

OUR COUNTRY

^1T7"E live in a wonderful land, blessed as is no
™ * other, a land of wide extent and various
climates. The Scandinavian or Teuton may find
the Northwest suited to him; the Italian, the
South. The soil varies so that nearly everything
which can be grown is to be found in some part of
the country. It yields all metals, and ranks sec-
ond in the world in the production of gold, and
first as to iron and steel. Our crops annually
are valued at some eight billions of dollars.

The United States increases nearly one hun-
dred and thirty thousand per month in pop-
ulation. If you should read in the paper that all
the inhabitants of Holland and Belgium were to
immigrate into the States in five years, it would
make a great impression on your mind, yet our
increase in population would in five years equal
the population of those countries.

Our growth in numbers, in the last ten years,
is equal to one-third the population of Great
Britain. We are a mixed race, containing the
best blood of all nations; that is, the young and
vigorous come here.

168

164 UNIVERSAL PEACE

We are not like some nations, finished; we are
in the making. Our inhabitants breathe an at-
mosphere of business activity. They are sur-
rounded by new buildings, engaged in new enter-
prises, and trying to become accustomed to new
inventions.

No one will talk to an idle man, so if you want
to retire from business, you find you must go to
Europe in order to talk to somepne. Oppor-
tunities exist on every hand ; we grow great trees ;
erect high buildings; build great railroads; have
big panics and big booms; we make great mis-
takes quickly, and sometimes rectify them just as
quickly. We are so engrossed in the fight for
gold that we do not always give as much thought
as we should to a matter before we act; we are
impulsive, but in the long run, will be found on
the right side.

There is endless chance for the investment of
capital; for years, foreign money has poured in
on us, yet we need more. Progress creates pro-
gress. There are good reasons why we need cap-
ital, a few of which I will mention. To keep this
country on top, we must pay more attention to
building up confidence, and less to "YAP." The
word is perhaps vulgar, but I cannot find any
other that better expresses my meaning.

WAR IS MESMERISM 165

"Yap" is talk, without truth back of it;
"Yap," is shouting baleful ideas which you do
not believe; it is the talk of politicians who are
attempting to impress upon their hearers the idea
that their lives are the essence of the ten com-
mandments, when they know that they have
broken nine and hopelessly cracked the tenth.
"Yap" is the great asset of the bear raider, who is
doing all in his power to destroy confidence in
America and American investments, and has in
view the lining of his own pockets with ill gotten
gains. He is willing to say or do anything, in
order to destroy any sacred structure in his way,
if it will only add to his gains. Of late, "Yap"
has had full swing, and while it has tried to sway
our nation into wrong paths, it cannot mislead it
forever. It will soon be recognized for what it is
and then will have no more power than "the
voiceless lisping of a gas leak."

The United States can furnish most attractive
investments for foreign capital, if we do not scare
it by destroying confidence in the nation. For-
eign capital will buy our stocks and bonds in
large blocks, and why not? All Europe sees the
American; he fills the hotels; he furnishes sixty
per cent, of all the first-class traffic on the rail-

166 UNIVERSAL PEACE

road and steamship lines during the travel seat
son; he buys with a liberal hand. Europe blesses
him each season, when the travel tide is turned
that way. The European sees the Americans
in the light of a liberal and generous people;
he knows the prosperity that American money
brings to his shops, hotels, etc., and he will, in
turn, invest his money with us, if we will build
up national confidence. We need his money, and
it will be a great error, if we see this capital di-
verted elsewhere, as is now the case.

Here are a few reasons why trade balances
will be against us ; first, owing to large home in-
crease in population, in the next decade, the last
cargo of wheat will have left our shores; we will
need it all at home, and will be forced to import
wheat from Canada and the Argentine. Sec-
ond, the widening stream of Americans going
abroad each year will continue to increase, year
by year. It is now difficult to book steamship
passage, during the travel season, in spite of the
constantly increasing number of ships. This for-
eign travel sends abroad over three hundred mil-
lion dollars each year. Our rich young women
who marry foreign titles, carry abroad yearly, a
sum that runs far into the millions. We will

WAR IS MESMERISM 167

export less and less cotton, for two reasons, —
greater demand at home because of increased pop-
ulation, and increase in the production of cotton
along the Nile and in Central Africa and India.
All efforts possible in those countries are being
made by English cotton manufacturers, in order
to free the English market from the wildly fluc-
tuating American cotton market.

Another adverse force to which little thought
is given, is that millions of dollars are exported
to the old-world homes of immigrants. Much
money is taken abroad each year by Italians, who
never expect to return. Any railroad contractor
will tell you that the money paid to his Italian
laborers (less that which is used for living ex-
penses) is withdrawn from circulation; all the
Italian saves, goes into his belt, and remains there
until he returns to Italy.

An Italian stated to one of our shareholders,
on one of the islands south of Italy: — "With
four good chestnut trees furnishing my flour, and
with four goats, I can live well, and support my
family; so why longer remain in the United
States, after earning money with which I can buy
the trees and the goats?" This belief annually
removes millions of dollars from our country.

168 UNIVERSAL PEACE

Such drains must be offset in either one of two
ways; by increased sale of manufactured goods,
or by sale of our securities.

We are not doing our duty toward capturing
the trade of South America. We plaster it over
with the Monroe Doctrine in words, but the Eng-
lish and German nations capture it with their
trade. We hold the Monroe Doctrine in our
dreams, while the foreigners get the business.

There is left to us the sale of our bonds and
shares in the markets of the foreign world, as our
interest rates are more attractive to the foreigner
than to our own investors, money here being in
such active demand.

THE ENGLISHMAN

(f Others may use the Ocean as their road;
Only the English make it their abode —
Whose ready sails with every wind can fly
And covenant make with the inconstant sky"

HP HE Englishman is the most successful colon-
izer and settler that the world has ever
known. He governs one-fifth of it and rules
over one-fourth of the population.

He thinks in continents.

English universities and her Church have im-
pressed their mark on the world.

Wherever the English flag flies, investments
are safe. Of chief importance, his Government
is clean.

Everywhere he is the pioneer and his flag flies
in every port of the world.

He lands in New Zealand, teaches the natives
to plant and grind grain, and soon New Zealand
is part of the Empire. He founds a convict
colony at Botany Bay, adding a new continent
to the realm. He founds the East India Com-
pany, wrests the trade of that Empire from the

169

170 UNIVERSAL PEACE

Dutch and Portuguese, bringing home the wealth
of India.

He develops, explores and colonizes Canada
and the Northwest by founding the Hudson Bay
Company, and the steel ribbon of his railway ex-
tends from Halifax to Vancouver.

He explores the wilds of Russia; penetrates
Thibet, reaching the forbidden city of Lhassa;
penetrates to within a hundred miles of the South
Pole.

The Englishman marches into unexplored
regions, makes terms with the native chief, and
the flag of England flies over one more pro-
tectorate; the light of civilization arises from the
earth that had reeked with the blood of victims
captured in war; in after years, the son and
grandson of this bloody chief study in English
schools, to carry the seed of education to germi-
nate in their old homes, there implanting the love
of the English flag, and the progress for which it
stands.

He fishes for pearls in India ; grinds into paper
pulp the spruce of Newfoundland; makes soap
in Holland; erects packing houses in Uruguay
and Paraguay; bottles waters in Germany and
brews beer in Brazil.

WAR IS MESMERISM 171

The Englishman herds sheep in Australia and
New Zealand; penetrates the forests of Brazil
for rubber and plants it in Ceylon; plants cotton
on the highlands of Central Africa ; sails the Nile
and reclaims its lost tracts of desert, to yield a
thousand fold; grows tea in Ceylon and India,
spans its torrents, and explores its fastnesses with
rails of commerce.

He institutes banks in all new countries with
branches in London, and his Bank of England
fixes the discount rate for all the world.

The Englishman drills for oil in India, Russia,
Persia, the States and Mexico; builds refineries
and establishes steamship lines for carrying oil to
all continents.

He digs for coal in China; mines nitrates in
Peru; prospects for ore in Russia; delves in the
mines of the Rand; redeems West Africa, and
opens its treasure house of gold.

He builds great sewerage systems and docks in
Mexico, wharves in Uruguay, and equips the
cities of Argentine with trams and electric lights.

The Englishman harnesses the water-falls of
Brazil and Mexico and furnishes electric light
and power to their cities, He operates trams in

172 UNIVERSAL PEACE

Calcutta, constructs railroads in Turkey, and
controls the Suez Canal.

He spans Tehuantepec, linking the Atlantic
with the Pacific: owns the railroads of Peru;
climbs the Andes and connects the Argentine
with Chili; and realizing Cecil Rhodes' dream,
runs a railway from Cape to Cairo.

Such is the Englishman ; his word is his bond ;
he is square in his dealings. All he wants is his
share. He is a sportsman, loving horses, cricket
and football. Worcestershire sauce, evening
dress, and Bass' ale follow the English flag.

He does not care for great wealth and knows
when to retire, not to die in harness. He is the
best friend in the world and, once you win his
confidence, it is your fault if you do not keep it to
the end.

He trades in every clime; he has been God's
right hand agent in hastening the hands of
progress.

Macaulay says: — "The history of England is
the history of progress."

The numerous tongues disseminated after the
fall of the Tower of Babel are being more and
more unified, as English is becoming the lan-
guage of the commercial world.

WAR IS MESMERISM 173

The Englishman has millions of money in our
enterprises and is willing to invest more.

We speak his tongue; we inherit his daring.

England is for millions of us the home of our
ancestors; we glory in this, but we need never
imagine that New York may wrest from London
its great power as the financial center of the
world, unless New York adopts some of Lon-
don's strict integrity in business.

Then and not till then, may New York achieve
this world distinction.

MEXICAN OFFICIALS AS CONFI-
DENCE BUILDERS

TtTEXICAN officials have been most success-
ful in building up national confidence.
What great difficulties have been overcome there
in the last thirty years! Thirty years ago there
was scarcely any foreign money invested in Mex-
ican securities, and now we find one billion five
hundred million dollars foreign capital there
placed and nowhere is foreign money more
secure.

What a number of cases can be cited to illus-
trate this! I will mention two which have come
under my personal observation. Eight years ago
a branch railroad in Mexico was offered to me
on favorable terms. A syndicate was ready to
take it, if I could connect it with the Orient rail-
way. To do that, I had to traverse part of the
territory of the Mexican Central Railroad. I
went to President Diaz, to ask him for the con-
cession, little thinking of anything except the fact
that this would be a very favorable railroad con-
nection for us to make. I did the best in my
power to lay the case before him, in the light in

12 175

176 UNIVERSAL PEACE

which I saw it. He listened to me and then point-
ing on a map said thoughtfully, "Senor Stil-
well, you do not wish this! To make your con-
nection, you have to enter the Mexican Central
territory, through a section where there is not
very much business. You would hurt the Mexi-
can Central Road, and would, perhaps, help your
own road for the time being ; but you cannot hurt
any Mexican investment without injuring your
own road in the long run. No, there is plenty
of chance for investment of capital in Mexico, in
sections that need development and where in-
vested capital will not be hurt. Use your energy
in those sections, but do not ask me for conces-
sions that would in any way injure invested cap-
ital or make its burden greater."

This was a rebuke and the matter was dropped,
yet very often in the past few years I have re-
called the incident and wondered what our future
would be if the people in power in the United
States would so guard as a sacred trust, the in-
terests of invested capital.

One more illustration! A trust company in
the States had a large portion of its money locked
up in bonds of a railroad in Central Mexico.
During one of the biennial panics to which the

WAR IS MESMERISM 177

United States is subject, this company failed with
five million dollars of these bonds as one of its
assets; the Mexican Government at once guar-
anteed the bonds and the trust company was able
to liquidate. Effort was not made to crush the in-
vestors and save a million for Mexico, but every-
thing possible was done to prevent anyone losing
on a Mexican investment. How different it
would be in New York!

The Mexican Government bought control of
the majority of the stock of the Mexican Nation-
al Railway and with the support of the Govern-
ment it was easy for the road to raise money. In
addition to the backing of the Government, the
road was fortunate, in having Mr. E. N. Brown,
a railroad man of great and recognized ability
as its president. The policy pursued by the man-
agement soon put the road in excellent shape,
both physically and financially. Then the Gov-
ment turned its attention to the Mexican Central,
which had been at the end of its string for money,
and purchased the controlling interest. It is my
conviction that the Government took hold of the
Central, not alone for the future of the road, but
because President Diaz and Secretary Liman-
tour, one of the greatest living financiers, believed

178 UNIVERSAL PEACE

that Government intervention was the only thing
that would avert a receivership. They were un-
willing that such a disaster should overtake a
prominent Mexican road and weaken the con-
fidence of the investors of the world in Mexican
investments.

Another reason for the assurance placed in
Mexican investments by foreign investors, is the
fact that the Government has bought control of
a majority of the stock of sixty per cent, of the
railroads of Mexico. This always will prevent
injury to railway investors and is a wonderful
tribute to the men at the head of the Mexican
Government, that in so short a time, full confi-
dence there has been established.

I have had the pleasure of personally intro-
ducing over fourteen hundred American and
English business men to President Diaz, Vice-
President Corral and Secretary Creel, and have
noted with gratification the favorable impression
these officials made on my friends.

I rejoice that it has fallen to my lot to aid in
cementing a friendship between the United States
and Mexico and to help develop, in a small way,
the resources of that wonderful country, which
has no politician hoping to achieve power by the

WAR IS MESMERISM 179

destruction of investments and confidence. In
Mexico bear raids and short selling are unknown.
The Mexican President is a wise business man.
I believe that few men ever walked the earth, who
possessed the business sense, high honor and re-
markable judgment and foresight of President
Diaz.

If people of the United States would elect as
President a great business man, such as the late
Marshall Field, or Andrew Carnegie, I think it
would be found that such a business mind would
be a valuable asset to the nation. Why do we not
elect a business man to the Presidency?

OF THE

UNIVERSITY

OF

Confidence or
National Suicide?

By

ARTHUR E. STILWELL

President Kansas City, Mexico & Orient Railway Company

An Appeal to Public Opinion in Behalf of

Honest Business Methods and

Legislative Sanity

This book has created a sensation in financial
and business circles, because it is about things
that concern everybody and is written by a man
who knows whereof he speaks and is not afraid
to call a spade a spade.

It is a concise and interesting statement of the
railroads' side of the case of the People vs. the
Corporations.

180

Following are a few brief extracts from the
very large number of favorable press notices this
book has received:

"Mr. Stilwell proves himself a forceful and persuasive advo-
cate for the railroads." — Philadelphia Press.

"A vigorous argument for sane methods." — Brooklyn Daily
Eagle.

"Mr. Stilwell is a writer of force as well as a financier of re-
nown."— New York Telegraph.

" An honest presentation of facts with deductions no fairminded
man can deny." — The Financial Record.

"In many respects a remarkable book."— The Boston American.

"Keen and aptly worded observations."— The Wall Street
Journal.

"He speaks with the light of practical experience."— The Cin-
cinnati Enquirer.

" Mr. Stilwell champions the railroads as pioneers of progress
and national development in every line of industrial greatness."
—Railway World.

"President Arthur E. Stilwell of the Kansas City, Mexico &
Orient Railroad is a writer of great force. His sentences come
with something like explosive and successive vocal shots, and ring
clear as a bell upon a cold day, and he frequently adopts— and
usually effectively — what in rhetoric is called the argumentum ad
hominem."— "Holland" in The Boston Herald.

New sixth edition, enlarged and revised, hand-
somely bound in full cloth, now ready.

The price 'of this book is $1.50 and every busi-
ness man or legislator should read it.

THE BANKERS PUBLISHING CO.

253 Broadway, New York, U. S. A.

181

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