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To IS/ly Fellow V/or\ers in the Endowment
Fund Campaign
l==i
(7^ O you of the Campaign Organization
y^ who so effectively, loyally and unsel^
fishly have given and are giving of
your time,' of your energy and of your sub-
stance to ma\e a' great and worthy effort a
success, 1 extend my gratitude and ivarmest
appreciation.
^ In to}{en of these sensibilities I as}{ you
to accept this small souvenir.
^:^^$?^?-:^^^^^2^^^
CHAIRMAN
General Campaign Committee
The Unwersity of Western Ontario
Endowment Fund Campaign
LOHDOH
April l6th, 192S.
The University of V/estern Ontario
Semi-centennial
1 878 endowment fund ] 928
campaign
DISTINGUISHED PATRONS
Their Excellenxies, The \'iscou.nt and
The \'iscountess Willingdox
HONORARY PATRONS
The Hon. G. Howard p-ERr.usoN,
Prime Minister and Minister of Education
of the Province of Ontario
Hon. Lincoln Goldie, Provincial
Secretary
Rt. Rev. David Wili.i.ams, Lord Bishop
of Huron
Rev. S. F. O'Kell. D.D., :Moderator.
London Presbytery
His Honour T. C. Sutherland, Surrogate
Judge, Owen Sound
Dr. J. C. Wilson, M.L.A., London
Rev. Mother M. Immaculate, B..\.,
Dean, Ursuline College, London
Rev. Charles Cameron Waller. D.D.,
Principal, Huron College, London
Edmond G. Odette, M.P., Tilbury
Paul Poisson, M.D., M.L..V., Tecumseh
W. S. Haney, M.L.A., Sarnia
M. F. Hepburn, M.P., St. Thomas
Brig. -General C. J. Armstrong, C.B.,
C.M.G., V.D., Officer Commanding
M.D. No. 1
Rev. W. H. Langton, D.D., First Baptist
Church, Brantford
C. S. Robertson, M.L.A., Goderich
Robert E. Ryerson, M.P., Brantford
W. G. Medd, M.L.-A., Exeter
His Worship George A. Wenige, Mayor,
City of London
Hon. J. D. Monteith, M.D., CM., Pro
vincial Treasurer
Rt. Rev. M. F. Fallon, D.D., Bishop
of London
Senator E. S. Little, London
Rev. Robert Hicks, D.D., President of
tlie London Conference
His Honour E. J. He.\rn, Surrogate
Judge, Kitchener
John S. Martin, M.L.A., Port Dover
Very Rev. D. L. Dillon, B.A., Principal.
Assumption College, Windsor
Rev. Perry S. Dobson, D.D., Principal-
.Alma College, St. Thomas
Jas. W. Rutherford, M.P., Chatham
Charles G. Fletcher, M.L..A.. Leam-
ington
Karl K. Homuth. M.L.A., Preston
Alfred Comfort, Warden. Middlesex
County
J. Percy Moore, K.C, M.L..\., London
Rev. a. O. Potter, Ph.D., Dean, Waterloo
College
J. I'". White, M.P., London
J. F. Reid, M.L.A.. Windsor
His Worship William Stokes, Mayor, St.
Thomas
George Spotton, M.P., Wingham
ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
THE OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE UNIVERSITY
THE CHANCELLOR, Ex-Officio THE PRESIDENT, Ex-Officio
HIS WORSHIP THE MAYOR OF THE CITY OF LONDON, Ex-Officio
THE WARDEN, THE CO'JNTY OF MIDDLESEX, Ex-Opficio
HON. WILLIAM J. ROCHE, M.D., LL.D. W. SHERWOOD FOX, Ph.D., D.Litt., F.R.S.C.
Chancellor President and Vice-Chancellor.
ARTHUR T. LITTLE
Chairman Board of Governors
ARTHUR W. WHITE GORDON J. INGRAM C. R. SOMERVILLE, LL.D.
J. P. MOORE, K.C., M.L.A. J. H. CHAPMAN JOHN PRINGLE
J. M. MOORE HERBERT J. CHILDS ARTHUR R. FORD
LT.-COL. T.J. MURPHY, K.C. PHILIP POCOCK COL. WALTER J. BROWN,
Secretary.
GENERAL CAMPAIGN COMMITTEE
HUME CRONYN G. F. PEARSON
HoNOURARY Chairman Honourary Treasurer
COL. W. M. GARTSHORE HADLEY WILLIAMS, M.D., F.R.C.S
J. G. RICHTER RAY LAWSON
Honourary Vice-Chairmen
GORDON J. INGRAM ARTHUR W. WHITE PROF. FRED LANDON, M. A.
Vice-Chairman General Campaign Chairman Vice-Chairman
SPEAKERS COMMITTEE PUBLICITY COMMITTEE
ALFRED J. GRANT, M.D. ' J. E. McCONNELL
Chairman Chairman
SPECIAL NAMES COMMITTEE
JOHN S. MOORE E. E. REID
Chairman Vice-Chairman
LISTS AND NAMES FACULTY AND STUDENTS
COMMITTEE COMMITTEE
MORLEY AYLSWORTH ' COL. WALTER J. BROWN
Chairman Chairman
DIVISIONAL COMMITTEES
Div. A— FINANCIAL: Div. B— INSURANCE: Div. C— FIRMS:
A. McPHERSON, Chairman GEO. C. GUNN, Chairman E. V. BUCHANAN, Chairm.\n
Div. D— INDUSTRIAL: Div. E— GENERAL: Div. F— MERCANTILE:
JOHN J. McHALE, Ch.mrman W. R. GRANT, Chairman LT.-COL. G. W. LITTLE,
M.V.O., M.C., Chairm\n
Div, G— PROFESSIONAL: Div. H-GOVERNMENT: D,-. I-."»RGANlZATIONS:
A. R. CAIRNCROSS, COL. E. G. REID, D.S.O., A E. SILVERWOOD.
Chairman Chairman Chairman
CAMPAIGN HEADQUARTERS
133 DuNDAS Street, London
S. STALFORD, Jr.,
Campaign Director
K. B. CAMERON, MISS MARY BURKE.
Publicity Manager Secretary
A.
OFFICERS AND WORKERS IN THE CAMPAIGN ORGANIZATION
Crouch, R. E.
Curie, D. H.
Curran, F. H.
Currie, Harold
Currie, R. J.
Dampier, L. H.
Darragh, R.
Davidson, \V.
Davis, Geo. H.
Davis, L.
Dearij Harold
Dearie, Prof. R. C.
Detwiler, Dr. E. S.
Diamond, \'erne
Adams, G. M.
Allan, T. P.
Ambrose, W. J.
.Ameio, S.
.\mos, Oliver
Anderson, J. A.
.\nderson, W. J.
Atkins, C. J.
.Auden, Prof. H. \\ .
.A.ylsworth, Morley
Bainard, F. D.
Baker, Dr. F. I-.
Baker, S.
Baldwin, W.
Barager, W. L.
Barr, John
Barrett, Fred
Bartlett, W. T.
Bassett, Prof. M. K.
Baalch, B. L.
Beal, H. B.
Beaton, W.
Beattie, Miss Elizabeth
Beattie, Colonel Wm.
Bell, H. T.
Bell, James
Bending, W. C.
Bennett, H. J.
Benson, T. C.
Blackie, \V. J.
Blackmore, W. P.
Blake, R. J.
Brickenden, G. A.
Bridgeman, Gordon
Brine, C. E.
Brock, Milton
Brown, Dr. Claude
Brown, Ethol
Brown, Colonel Walter J
Buchanan, E. V.
Buchanan, J. A.
Buchner, U. A.
Burke, Miss Mar
Burnett, Eula
Burns, R. M.
Burrows, Gertrude L.
Cairncross, A. Roy
Calvert, D. W.
Cameron, J. H.
Cameron, K. B.
Campbell, Bryden N.
Carling, Col. J. Innes
Carrothers, C. C.
Casselman, K. W.
Chalk, Dr. S. G.
Chapman, Rev. J. F.
Chapman, J. H.
Childs, Herbert J.
Childs, H. H.
Clarke, C. J.
Coates, Frederick H.
Coates, Robert, Jr.
Coates, R. D.
Comfort, .•\lfred
Connor, W. J.
Copeland, Geo. F.
Cottrell, J.
Cottrell, Ronald
Cousins. John
Cowley, T. W,, B.A.
Crane, Dr. J. W.
Cronvn, Major Hume
Cronyn, V. P.
Crozier, H. Gordon
Dicks, Geo.
Dixon, J. Sinclair
Doan, Dr. Warren
Doig, Paul
Donaghy, R. J.
Donohue, Martin J.
Dorland, Prof. A. G.
Douglas, George
Dowler, R. H.
Dromgole, E. R.
Duplan, Harold
Dyer, J. J.
Eadie, O.
Edens, Frank A.
Edwards, G. N.
Edy, C. L.
Farley, M. W.
Ferguson, Dr. John
Ferguson, Archie
Finney, C. B.
Fisher, Giant
Fitzgerald, C. J. S.
Ford, Arthur R.
F~orristal, M. F.
Foucar, Dr. H. O.
Fowler, R. G.
Fox, Miss Emma
Febres', Isabel A.
Fox, W. Sherwood, Ph.D.
Franks, H. R.^
Freeborn, J. \y.
Freeman, Prof. R. E.
French, Colin N.
Fuller. Dr. E. W.
Fuller, W. J.
Gairns, E. W.
Galpin, F. H.
Gartshore, Col. W. M.
Geoghegan, E. L.
Gidley, Miss Mary
Gidley, O. H.
Giffin, Dr. J. F.
Gillanders, J. G.
Gillies, L. H.
Givens, J. V.
Gladman, F. W.
Gladman, M. F.
Glass, Aid. D. F.
Goldman, Max.
Goldenberg, W.
Good, Jas. D.
Gordon, W. C.
Grafstein, M. W.
Graham, T. S. H.
Grant, Dr. A. J.
Grant, W. R.
Gray, Leslie
Gray, Frank
Green, W.
Greenslade, A. W.
Grierson, John H.
Griffin, G. L.
Gunn, Geo. C.
Gunton, Prof. J.
Hair, Geo. T.
Hall, Carl H.
Hall, E. O.
Halls, Fred
Hamlyn, F. J.
Hammond, Keith
Hannah, E. X.
Hare, P.
Harley, F. E.
Harlev, G°o.
Harley, R. H.
Harris, S. C.
Harrison, J. E.
Hart, Prof. N. C.
Hartry, Howard
Hawkins, Edwin
Hawkins, W. H.
Hay, J. B.
Hayden, Edmund E.
Henry, C.
Hess, F. E.
Hickey, Jos. F.
Hill. Clarence
Hind, R.
Hobart, G. M .
Hockin, Lloyd
Holmes, Wendfll
Hooper, H. R
Houghtbv. C. .\.
Howe, A. W.
Howell, Wm.
Hungerford, W. F.
Hunt, Clifford
Hunt, E. S.
Hunt, J. M.
Hunter, John
Hunter, Rev. Major B.
Ingram, Major Gordon J.
Ingram, Kenneth
Irvine. A. C.
Irving, H. B.
Ivey, R. G.
Jackson, Victor
Jarrott, G. C.
Jenkins, Ed.
Johnson, .Al
Johnson, Gordon H.
Johnson, W^ C.
Johnston, J. E.
Jones, J. A.
Jones, Norval
Jones, S.
Keene, N. H.
Keenlevside, G. S.
Kelly, Rev. J. C.
Kennedy, Dr. S. M.
Kenny, Roy T.
Kershaw, B. H.
Kilbourne, F. B.
Kingston, Prof. R. H.
Kippen, Lt.-Col. W. H.
Landon, Prof. Fred
Lang, J. G.
Langford, Harry
Laughton, John H.
Laurie, N. M.
Lawless, Lt.-Col. W. T.
Lawson, Ray
Lawson, Ruth
LeBoldus, J. M.
Lt-rner, Max
Lewis, K. \V. D.
Litnon, D. Archie
Linton, E. B.
Little, Artlmr T.
Little, Senator K. S.
Little, Lt.-Col. Geo. W.
Little, Dr. H.
Logan, Everett
LoughUn, Dr E. I.
Loveday, Wm.
Lovell, Stanley
Lumsden, Wm.
Luney, Dr. Fred
Macallum, Dr. .A.. Bruce
MacGregor, Rev. D. C.
MacKnight, R. C.
MacMillan, Jas.
McAlister, Fred
McConnell, J. E.
McCormick, C. G.
McDermid, Duncan H.
McDonald, T. C.
McDonald, j. V.
McDougall, Allan
McFadden, Dr. H. M.
McGoun, C. M.
McGugan, D. S.
McHaffie, D. S.
McHale, J. J.
McHardy-Smith, F. A.
Mcintosh, Rev. W. R.
McKay, R. J.
McKegney, Rev. S. E.
McKenzie, Jas.
McKone, E. H.
McLachlin, F. D.
McLean, Frank
McLeish, A.
McNaughton, D. C.
McNeill, Dr. George
McPherson, A.
McPherson, .'VUan
McRoberts, C. W.
McWilliams, W. A.
Mabee, O. H.
Magee, G. R.
Magee, J. E.
Magee, Russell
Maine, Prof. Floyd
Maine, J. F.
Mainguy, P. N.
Mann, C. A.
Mandus, P. P.
Mannesp, W. E.
Manuel, C. S.
Marley, Ed.
Marshall, F.
Martin, Chas.
May, ('larence
Mellett, Walter
Messer, W. M.
Miller, E. A.
Miller, Prof. F. R.
Miller, Miss Olga
Mitchell, W. A.
Moore, John M.
Moore, J. Percv, K.C.,
M.L.A.
Moore, John S.
Morgan, W. H.
Morris, D. P.
Morrison, A. A.
.Morrison, Alex.
Morrison, J. A.
Morrison, R. S.
Morrow, Prof. E. H.
Morrow, Frank C.
Mountain, H. E.
Murphy, Albert H.
Murphy, Col. T. J.
Murray, K. D.
Murray . W. G.
Nash, John A.
Near, Percv
Nelles, E. H.
Nethercott, T. P. S.
Neville, K. P. R., Ph.D.
Nicholls, C. W.
Nugent, Harold
Omond, A. J.
Orr, Robert T.
Parnell, Ed.
Parsons, Herbert
Parsons, W. F.
Pearson, Rev. E. .A.
Pearson, G. F.
Peirce, E. L.
Pemberton, R. E. K.
Perrin, F. E.
Petrie, H. L.
Pocock, Philip, Jr.
Pocock, Philip
Pocock, Jos.
Pratten, Dr. F. H.
Pringle, John
Purdom, W. W.
Ramsay, Dr. George
Ranahan, Harry
Raymond, Stanley
Reid, Dr. A. J.
Reid, Art
Reid, B. E.
Reid, E. E.
Reid, Col. E. G.
Reid, Gordon
Reilly, Prof. E. E.
Reilly, Lloyd
Rennie, H. H.
Revcraft, Richard
Richardson, W. B.
Richter, J. G.
Rickard, Ruth
Robinson, W. E.
Robinson, B. C.
Roche, Gordon
Rose, C. .\.
Ross, William
Rossie, U. W.
Routlev, F.
Russell, Prof. J .W.
Ryckman, .Alton
Savage, H. L.
Scandrett, L. H.
Scott, Dr. .Andrew
Scott, B. S.
Seybold, J. C.
Sharpe, J. E.
Shaw, Ernest A.
Shaw. S. Jas.
Shuttleworth, E. H.
Silver wood, .A. E.
Simpson, W. P.
Sippi, A. S.
Slack, Dr. A. J.
Smith, A. J.
Smith, J. Bernie
Smith, Edwin S.
Smitli, F. L.
Smith, Fletcher
Smith, Harold I.
Smith, W. K. V.
Somer\'ille, C. R., LL.D.
Spearman, W. H.
Spenceley. Prof. James A.
Spencer, J. C.
Spittal, Herbert
Spry, G. Lome
Squire, W. J.
Stalford. S.. Jr.
Stanley, Geo. A.
Stevens, H. A.
Stewart, C. N.
Stratton, R. L.
Stuart, John
Sykes, Dr. H. R.
Taylor, A. G.
Tennent, G. H.
Tew, Dr. W. P.
Thomas, Cyril
Thompson. W. .\.
Thorpe, W. E.
Torney, Wm. A.
Tretheway, R. ].
Turnbull, P.
Turnbull, Wm.
Turner, A. E.
Turner, Miss M. C.
Turville, Dr. Dorothy
Udy, A. N.
Lfren, Rev. H. J.
Walker, Fred J.
Wallace, Rev. T. G.
Ward. A. L.
Warner, Rev. G. Q.
Watson, L.
Watt, Jack
Watt, Robert
Watterworth, Isaac
Weldon, Douglas B.
Wells. Carlton
Wcnige, Mayor Geo. .\.
Wesley, George
West, R. C.
Wheable. G. F.
White, Arthur W.
Wilde, H.
Wilkes, .Arthur
Will, C. R.
Williams, Dr. Hadlev
Wilson, D. T.
Wilson, Robert
Wilson, W. M.
Windsor, Dr. Clement
Winegarden, J. F.
Weinstock. J.
Wolfe, D.
Wrav, H.
Wright. Geo. E.
Wright, Dr. J. .\.
Wright, R.
Wyatt, G. K.
Wvatt, Wm. S.
Vendall, W. R.
Young, W. E.
Vull, Cieorge
Vull. T. H.
Knowledge is Power !
For the Information of Speakers, Canvassers and All
Others Interested and Co'Operatinginthe Caynpaign
^. Is education an asset?
A. Education is the most valuable form of reserve wealth a people can
have. To quote an outstanding authority: "Upon the extent to which a
country develops and uses the innate abilities of its citizens, its future prosperity
and permanence depend."
^. What sort of education leads to tlie highest form of cmzenship and to
the greatest degree of usefulness?
A. University education. The demands of public service, and of science
and industry, for university'trained men and wom;n is today greater by far
than ever before in the history ot civilization.
^. Economically and culturally, how does Western Ontario compare with
other communities?
A. Western Ontario is one of the most prosperous and most enlightened
communities in the world today.
^. In what respect does Western Ontario rank, high economically?
A. In respect of its enormous agricultural wealth and its great and grow-
ing industrial development.
^. Culturally?
A. Largely because of the development of its school system, for one-third
of the Collegiate Institutes, High Schools, and Continuation Schools in the entire
Province are situated in the fourteen counties of Western Ontario; also because
its young men and young women are able to obtain a university education at
reasonably low cost.
^. At what University?
A. At the University of Western Ontario.
^. Where?
A. At London; logically, in the very centre of the community it serves,
namely: Brant, Bruce, Elgin, Essex, Grey, Huron, Kent, Lambton, Middlesex,
Norfolk, Oxford, Perth, Waterloo, Wellington Counties.
^. What advantages other than reasonably low tuition present themselves
at the University of Western Ontario?
A. In London, students from Western Ontario are within short distances
of their homes, a fact of much importance to parents. Moreover, they can
travel to and from the University at relatively little expense. As London is
not a large city in the ordinary sense, it is free from the many distractions of a
great metropolis. In London the cost of living, especially for students, is much
lower than it is in the large university centres.
^. When was the University of Western Ontario established.''
A. In 1878. It is now in its fiftieth year of service.
SI- Is the University a sectarian institution?
A. No. It is entirely non-denominational and co-edacational. Its doors
are open to all, irrespective of nationality or creed.
KHOWLEDGE IS POWER
^. Has the University any affiliated colleges?
A. Yes. Huron College, in Divinity; Alma, Assumption, Ursuline and
Waterloo Colleges, in Arts.
^. What does afilidtion signify?
A. The courses and examinations in Arts are those prescribed by the
University. The degrees in all cases are conferred by the University.
^. By whom are its affairs administered?
A. By a Board of Governors composed of four m:mbjrs appaintej by
the Provincial Governmjnt, four by th; City of London, thes: eight appointing
four more. Th; Chancellor, th: President ani Vc-Ciancellor, th; Miyor
of the City of London, and the Warden of the Gaunty ot Middieies are members
ex-officio.
^. Who is responsible for the educational policy of the Unirersitvr
A. The Senate is responsible.
^. How is the Senate elected?
A. The Senate consists of representatives of the Faculties, affiliated
Colleges, Boards of Education and Secondary Schools of Western Ontario, while
each of the fourteen Counties and each chartered City in Western Ontario
appoints a representative to the Senate.
^. Who are the ad^nmistratiiie ojjicers?
A. Visitor: His Honour W. D. Ross, the Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario.
Chancellor: The Hon. W. J. Roche, M.D., LL.D., Chairman of the Civil Service
Commission, Ottawa. Chairman of the Board of Governors: Mr. Arthur T.
Little. President and Vice-Chancellor: W. Sherwood Fox. Ph.D., D. Litt.,
F.R.S.C. Executive Secretary: Col. Walter James Brown, B.S.A., LL.M.,
F.C.LS.
^. Hoif many Faculties are there in the University
A. Three: Medicine, Arts and Natural Sciences, and Public Health.
^. What other Departments of the Univ'ersit> perform invaluable service
to the community at large?
A. The Summer School and Extramural Department and the Department
of Extension and Adult Education.
^. How do they perform this service?
A. (a) Many people, especially teachers, can begin regular university
work in the Summer Sessions and continue it extramurally by correspondence
during the other seasons.
(b) Lectures under the Extension Department give regular weekly
courses or occasional lectures in many places in Western Ontario. This is a
very significant phase of modern university activity, in that it enables many
people, prevented by circumstances from attending university, to have a measure
of university privileges.
^. Is it fiossible to give personal instruction in this way?
A. The studies and progress of students enrolled in regular courses in
all these departments come under the close supervision of members of the Uni-
versity Staff.
^. Who benefit b)i this service?
A. Teachers, largely, but many others as well.
§_. Does "Western" not unnecessarily duplicate the wor\ of other universities
in the Province.' ■ j •
A. No. The University of Western O.itano is a large factor in reducing
excessive registrations in other universities. Tnis is one reason why the tJovern-
ment of the Province grants "Western" such generous bnancial aid. Further-
KNOWLEDGE IS POWER
more, the regional university is now recognized by governments and authorities
on higher education as a necessary institution.
^. Why is the University of Western Ontario now appealing for funds!
A. Because its total estimated income from all sources, including Provin-
cial and Municipal grants, students' fees, and minor investments, amounts to
approximately $390,000 a year, while its total estimated expenditures, without
allowing for any general developments in buildings, etc., amount to approximately
$470,000, which creates an annual deficit of $80,000.
Si. What factors are involved in the present annual deficit of $80,000?
A. Necessary expenditures for maintenance, due to the phenomenal
increase in attendance during the past few years, the consequent necessary
augmentation of the teaching staff and the necessary development of hbrary
and laboratory faciUties. A University must keep pace with new developments
in science and industry. To do so is the very essence of its being. Changes in
methods and mechanisms are constantly occurring. To fulfil its purpose and
maintain necessary high standards the University must efficiently interpret these
developments to its students.
^. How will the fund for which the University is appealing he employed
to remedy this situation? i t. •
A. It will constitute a permanent Endowment Fund, only the income
from which will be used.
^. Has the University an Endowment Fund at present?
A. No. The University of Western Ontario is one of the few institu-
tions of its kind and importance on this continent without such a fund.
^. Why are increases in Staff necessary?
A. Such increases are inevitable because of the increase in student enroll-
ment and are directly proportionate to this increase.
^. To what extent has the student enrollment at Western increased in
TCCClXt VCdTsf
A. The increase has been phenomenal in the history of Canadian univer-
sities. In ten years the enrollment has increased more than 700 per cent, and
in five years it has doubled.
^. Have facilities for instruction and research, and have the administrative
and teaching staffs been increased to the point of meeting efficiently this enlarged
demand upon the University?
A. No. Such increases have been effected only where absolutely essential,
and these at the cost of dangerous economies in other directions. Increased
income alone can enable the University to meet the most urgent present require -
ments and to anticipate others.
SI. What districts are represented in the growing student enrollment at the
University of Western Ontario?
A Nearly ninety per cent, of the students at the University come from
homes within the Fourteen Counties of Western Ontario. The remainder come
from other sections of the Province and the Dominion, and a few from the United
States and abroad.
^. What relation does the students fee hear to the actual cost oj providing
tuition? ^ •
A. The Arts student of the University of Western Ontario pays approxi-
mately one-third of the actual cost of his tuition, while the student m Medicine
pays only one-seventh. This ratio is common to practically all Canadian uni-
versities.
KHOWLEDGE IS POWER
^. Could nut the tuition fees be increased in order thus to offset a large
part of the present difference between University income and expenditure?
A. No. To do so at the present time would deprive many worthy and
briUiant young people in Western Ontario of a university education. It would
curtail the demand for higher education and thus deal a serious blow to com-
munity progress.
^. If the proceeds of the present appeal are to provide only for permanent
maintenance, is it not, then, the purpose of the University to erect additional
buildings?
A. Additional buildings are needed, but obviously the University cannot
advance in that respect until its future maintenance is assured.
SI- What additional buildings are required?
A. The urgent needs are a Gymnasium, Dormitories for men and women,
a Library building, additional facilities for the departments in Natural Sciences
and in Medicine, with a Students' Union and a Stadium.
^. Is the need of these buildings an issue in this campaign?
A. Only so far as the Board of Governors cannot possibly consider ways
and means of providing them until, as previously stated, the problem of main-
tenance is solved by the existence of an Endowment Fund.
^. Is the Government of Ontario recognizing in a tangible way the present
needs of the University?
A. Yes. The Provincial Government has made possible the funding
of the existing indebtedness of the University and is increasing its annual grant
for the next two years.
^. How is the cost of the Endowment Campaign being provided?
A. The Board of Governors have already made complete provision for
the Campaign Expenses. Every subscription made to the Endowment Fund
will therefore be directly applied to the development and strengthening of the
University.
^. What is the objective of the Endoi^ment Fund Campaign?
tribute?
A
A
e)
=v.
A
G)
A
Two Million Dollars, productive of an annual income of $100,000.
How much of this amount are the people of London expected to con'
One Million Dollars, or one-half of the objective.
How much are the Fourteen Counties e,vfiected to subscribe.'
One Million Dollars, or one-half of the objective.
What is the fieriod of the campaign?
Throughout the year 1928 — the University's Golden Jubilee Year.
When will the active canvass ta}{e place m the City of London'?
During the ten days from April I6th to April 25th. inclusive, pre-
ceded by an educational and publicity campaign commencing January 2nd,
and by a canvass of "Special Names" prospects commencing March 19th.
§_. Who are identified with the Campaign Organization?
A. The Campaign is being carried forward under the distinguished
patronage of Their Excellencies, the Viscount and the Viscountess WiUingdon.
The Hon. G. Howard Ferguson, Prime Minister and Minister of Educa-
tion in the Government of Ontario, heads the list of honorary patrons.
Mr. Hume Cronyn is Honorary Chairman of the General Campaign Com-
mittee, Col. W. M. Gartshore, J. G. Richter, Mr. Ray Lawson and Hadley
Williams, M.D., F.R.C.S., are Honorary Vice-Chairmen. Mr. G. F. Pearson
is Honorary Treasurer.
KKOWLEDGE IS POWER
Mr. Arthur W. White is Chairman of the General Campaign Committee
with Mr. Gordon J. Ingram and Prof. Fred Landon, M.A., as Vice'Chairmen.
Mr. Morley Aylsworth is Chairman of the Lists and Names Committee.
Mr. John S. Moore is Chairman of the Special Names Committee, with Mr.
E. E. Reid, as vice-chairman. Mr. J. E. McConnell is Chairman of the Publicity
Committee. Dr. Alfred J. Grant is Chairman of the Speakers Committee.
Colonel Walter J. Brown is Chairman of the Faculty and Students' Committee.
The Chairmen of Divisions are: Mr. A^ McPherson, Finance; Mr. Geo.
C. Gunn, Insurance; Mr. E. V. Buchanan, Unclassified Firms; Mr. John J.
McHale, Industrial; Mr. W. R. Grant, Residential Canvass; Lieut. Col. G. W.
Little, M.V.O., M.C., Mercantile; A. R. Cairncross, Professional; Col. E. G.
Reid, D.S.O., Government; Mr. A. E. Silverwood, Organizations.
Other leading citizens, realizing the high importance of the University of
Western Ontario to the people of London, both as an educational centre and as
an industrial asset, are offering their unstinted cO'Operation in the campaign as
County and District chairmen, vice-chairmen and members of numerous sub-
sidiary groups.
The total number of persons engaged in the London effort will be 350.
^. How is It proposed to carry out the Campaign in the Counties?
A. The County of Middlesex will be organized during the London effort
and will be canvassed immediately following the solicitation in London, between
April 30th and May 31st.
The remaining thirteen Counties will be organized and canvassed success-
ively, commencing June 1st and ending December 15th, the effort in each case
being directed from local headquarters established in the County town. Local
committees will canvass selected prospects listed in communities of 1,000 popu-
lation and over.
Leading citizens of the Fourteen Counties, realizing what the University
of Western Ontario means to their large urban and rural populations are likewise
coming forward, many in contemplation of personal sacrifices of time and money,
to pledge their active help in the Endowment Fund Campaign.
SI- Why should I be as\ed to help the University of Western Ontario?
A. (1) If you are a graduate or a former student of the University, you
ought to come to her assistance at the present time regarding as an unescapable
debt the difference between what you actually paid for your education and what
it cost the community to give it to you. This difference must be worth to you
much more than its mere measure in dollars and cents indicates.
(2) If you are still a student of the University, you are now incurring an
obligation you should make an effort to meet.
(3) If you are a citizen of London or of elsewhere in Western Ontario,
you owe it to yourself, to your personal welfare and pride, to strengthen the
community in which you live, by helping to provide the means for the best
development of its youth. By this act you would aid in improving standards
of knowledge, citizenship, and efficiency, in enhancing the country's natural
wealth, in broadening the people's vision and culture and in increasing their
happiness and prosperity.
^. In addition to making my own contribution, how can I help m the
Campaign?
A. (1) If you are a graduate or a former student of the University, by
acting as a canvasser on one of the divisional committees, and, through your
familiarity with the University's needs, conveying to others a knowledge of the
KNOWLEDGE IS POWER
situation and developing a community spirit that will ensure the success of the
Campaign.
(2j If you are now a student of the University, by placing the issue
before your relatives and friends, through letters and in conversation, in an
effort to procure their contributions. If you do not know all there is to know
about the University requirements and the reasons for the Campaign, you may
obtain complete information at Campaign Headquarters, 133 Dundas Street.
(3) If you are a citizen, by familiarizing yourself with the financial posi'
tion of the University, with the urgent needs of its several Faculties and numer-
ous departments, and then by giving whole-heartedly your moral and material
support.
^. Am I expected to give the whole amount of my subscription now?
A. No. The amount ot your contribution may be payable during a period
of five years, in annual instalments. In this way you are enabled to give a larger
total amount than otherwise might be the case.
^. What portion of my contribution is desired now, in cash?
A. It will be gratifying if you will arrange to pay one-fifth at the time
you make your subscription.
Si- To whom shall I ma}{e my cheque payable?
A. The University of Western Ontario Endowment Fund.
""It dil't
the gu'is iinr armament, nor jundi
thit th?v can pd\.
But the
clo<.e cO'Opzr.nim th:it ma\es th'.m
win thi d IV.
It aint
thz individual, nor the army as a
whole.
But th;
everlastin' teamwork of every bloom-
i'l' soul."
—KIPLIHG
•THE'IIMSIffOf.lESm'OMMO
^1^
to
THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN
ONTA RIO has endeavored to relate itself to
the life and the problems of the people in its
district. It is providing higher education for the
greatest number possible and at the least possible
cost. The Prime Minister, who has been generous
toward the University, declares he will continue
to do his share if we will do our's. The time has
now come for us to accept the challenge, to show
that we believe in the University's future, and to
demonstrate our readiness as people of Western
Ontario to support our own institution.
—ARTHUR T. LITTLE,
Chairman of the Board of Governors
of the University of Western Ontario.
A Portal to Opportunity
By W. Sherwood Fox, Ph. D., D.Litt., F.R.S.C.
President and Vice-Chancellor
The University of Western Ontario
EW opportunities come to a young man or to a
young woman more important than the oppor-
tunity to secure a university education. Not to
all is this privilege given, and one of the tragedies
is that sometimes it is denied to the most deserving. Yet
the tendency in our day is to make it possible for any
worthy young man or woman of ability who aspires to do
so to pursue a university course. To this end students'
fees are kept as low as possible (seldom are they more than
a third of the actual cost), scholarships are awarded, op-
portunities for self-help provided, and the public itself,
in one way or another, takes upon its shoulders the greater
part of the costs involved.
The fact that civilized nations have for centuries past
paid this cost of building up and maintaining their uni-
versities is an indication of a high idealism. It is also a
recurring challenge to the youth of the land to take up the
torch of learning which has come to us from the past and
to carry it, rekindled and yet brighter, into the future.
The words are attributed to Jacques Loeb, the great
scientist, that "without the learning of the past there can
be no future." Increasingly it becomes the contribution
of the universities to help insure a future, and one way in
which that contribution is made is by training the youth
of the land.
Very early in the history of this country and in the
face of greater difficulties than exist to-day, stalwart men
who believed that education was vital to growth and pro-
gress laid the foundations of our universities. These uni-
versities, through generations past, have been sending out
the men and the women who have largely made our country
what it has come to be among the nations and who have
given us as a people many of those characteristics which,
in greater or less degree, distinguish us.
To-day, we are living in a world which, in less than a
generation has been changed more than it was changed by
centuries in the past. The times are confused and un-
settled. Men everywhere are seeking a way out of new
difficulties. In some lands the people have grasped at the
doctrines of charlatans and we see them paying a terrible
price as a result. Never was there a time in world history
when wisdom was more above rubies in value and when
true knowledge was more needed to mark the path which
men should tread.
The Canadian people in this last decade have more
and more indicated their faith in school and university
education as one factor making for a more assured future.
Never has there been greater interest in elementary and
secondary education. Never has there been such an
page Iwo
enrolment in our universities. Never have so many ques-
tions of vital importance to national welfare been submitted
to our universities and to our experts in all branches of
knowledge. These new and increased responsibilities to-
wards the youth of the country and towards the problems
of the country have placed a strain on the resources of
every institution of higher learning in Canada. The re-
sources of the past, generous as they may have seemed,
have proved inadequate for this new day. An income that
met requirements a decade ago does not provide for the
needs of to-day. Shall further advance be halted by in-
adequate support, or shall the university meet the future
with new resources, renewed interest and renewed en-
thusiasm.^
The University of Western Ontario has had an enrol-
ment during this past year of over 950 students, ninety per
cent, of whom came from London and the fourteen counties
of Western Ontario. This is double the number who were
enrolled five years ago and three times the number who
were enrolled ten years ago. No argument is needed to
prove that resources which were strained five years ago,
and which have been only slightly increased in the period
since, cannot be expected to meet the demands of to-day.
Despite the most rigid economy, an economy at times near
the danger point, it has been impossible to make income
cover expenditure and in the last two or three years the
annual deficit has been around $80,000. This situation
can not continue and more adequate support has had to be
sought.
page three
The University, in its crisis, naturally turns to those
whom it may properly regard as its friends, namely, its
graduates, the citizens of London and the people of Wes-
tern Ontario whom it is endeavoring to serve. It puts this
very plain question: Do you believe it is worth while to
provide such resources that this university, with its past
record of usefulness and with its halls to-day filled with
young men and women preparing for their future work,
may carry on with its high standards maintained and may
yet further link itself with the life and activities of this
western part of the province? If you do believe this, we
appeal, in the campaign now being inaugurated for ade-
quate endowment, to your interest and to your generosity.
The University of Western Ontario is doing a work
that is distinctive. Its effort is not limited to the more
than nine hundred students who are in its classes. Through
it> Summer School and extramural instruction, through its
extension lectures and study groups, it is opening a door
of opportunity to many who cannot take advantage of its
regular work. Nor is this all. From the laboratories of
its medical school and its institute of public health light is
being thrown upon the problems of disease and the depart-
ments of natural science are giving valuable assistance to
agriculture and industry. The department of commerce
is relating itself closely to the problems of Canadian busi-
ness, while from other departments come many contribu-
tions to knowledge in the fields of Economics, Political
Science, History, etc. Thus the wisdom of the past is not
page four
only being conserved but is being added to and reinter-
preted to a new day.
Shall the University be given yet wider opportunity,
both in the education of the youth of Western Ontario and
in meeting and dealing with the problems of this great com-
munity of people? The University of Western Ontario
stands to-day at one of the crises in its history. With
adequate support it can go on to greater measure of use-
fulness and service. To the young men and women of
Western Ontario will be afforded yet finer provision for
higher education. To the public at large will come, in
increased measure, those cultural returns which have al-
ways been recognized as flowing out from universities as
centres of intellectual activity.
To the people of London and Western Ontario the
central idea of this campaign may well be expressed as
"Our University, our responsibility, our opportunity".
page five
OUR UNIVERSITY
OUR RESPONSIBILITY
OUR OPPORTUNITY
\
/
•Tffi'UNMSlTY'OflETffl'ONTARIO
s
'm^^
ife is shorty and the Art long;
the occasion fleeting; experi-
ence fallacious ^ and judgment diffi-
cult. The physician must not only
be prepared to do zvhat is right by
himself, but also to make the patient,
the attendants, and externals co-
operate.
— Hippocrates: 450 B. C.
The Teaching of
Medicine and Surgery
at the University of Western Ontario
By A. Bruce Macallum, M.D., Ph.D.,
DEAN OF THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE
^^^HE Medical Faculty of the University of Western Ontario
■ l^ was organized by twelve of the leading physicians resident
V^ in London at the time the University received its charter
in 1878. Courses of instruction were begun in 1881, and have
been carried on without interruption. Indeed, the Faculty of
Medicine was largely instrumental in keeping alive the charter
of the University when the Faculty of Arts ceased to function
for a period of ten years, 1885 to 1895.
The first home of the Faculty was in a cottage at the corner
of Hellmuth Avenue and St. James Street. Later the School was
housed in a building at the corner
of York and Waterloo Streets,
erected with funds subscribed by
the members of the Faculty. Un-
til about 1908 the members of the
Faculty personally shouldered the
responsibility of financing the
operations of the institution. The
present building was occupied in
1921.
Steady growth of the student
body has marked the history of the
School from the beginning, and the
Faculty has been fortunate in
always having a group of clinical
instructors who have been out-
standing both in respect of their
teaching capacity and profes-
sional attainments. Many of
the graduates of the School
PAGE ONE
have reached professional eminence and are holding major
positions in other institutions, in England and in the United
States. Some of them have reputations of an international
character.
The policy of the institution always has been directed
toward quality rather than quantity, and the results are evident
in the high standing of the graduating classes as indicated in
the licensing examinations, where in recent years they have
displayed a grade of scholarship equal and sometimes superior
to that of the other first-class Canadian medical schools.
The institution is officially rated as a "Class A" medical
school by the Council on Medical Education of the American
Medical Association, thus ranking it with the medical faculties
of the principal universities of America.
The present building of the Faculty of Medicine was erected
and equipped in 1921 for the relatively small number of students
then in attendance. But the increased number of students —
there are now 134 — and the rapid advances made in methods of
instruction have developed the need of additional laboratory
accommodation, laboratory equipment and personnel.
The need for space is most evident in the Library, where
the shelf room has reached the saturation point of the floor
space. Only a fraction of the present student body can be
accommodated at any one time in the reading room. Normal
increase in the number of books and journals will require space
which is not now available. The laboratories, in manv instances,
PAGE TWO
are being used by several shifts of students and, in even these
circumstances, are taxed to their limit.
The apparatus installed when the building was first opened
was supplied in quantities necessary for the immediate need
of the relatively small number of students then enrolled. The
classes have since practically doubled in size. Apparatus in-
tended to supply the needs of half the present number of students
is called upon to do double duty. Further, the annual appropri-
ations allow for depreciation only and do not anticipate
obsolescence. It is self-evident that provision must be made
to bring the supply of equipment up to the level imposed by
the larger requirements, and to enable the school to acquire
new material of proven merit developed by the more recent
advances in medical science.
The Library is probably the most important single unit in
the institution, but, owing to the necessity for radical economy,
purchases of journals and other standard medical literature
have had to be very carefully scrutinized, and only a portion of
those required could be bought. In several cases, sub-
scriptions to current journals have had to be cancelled. Since
the Library serves not only the staff and students, but also is
accessible to the medical profession in Western Ontario, con-
tinuation of the policy of strict retrenchment must impair its
value.
PAGE THREE
On the side of personnel, there is need tor immediate
increase. The clinical staff now numbers fifty-three, and the
full - time staff consists of twenty professors and instructors.
But with the present student registration the staff of clinical
instructors is not sufficient. Classes are unwieldy in size. The
policy of individual instruction is adhered to with dangerous
difficulty. Immediate increase in the number of instructors
teaching practical aspects of medicine and surgery must be
pro\'ided for in order to maintain the efficiency of the school at
"Grade A" standards.
In research, the activities of the Faculty have produced
and are producing more to advance the reputation of the
institution than any other single feature of its work. The
accomplishments of various
members of the staff are of
a fundamental character, and
have on various occasions
drawn favorable comment
from the leading medical
journals. The more recent
developments in research
have brought about fresh
requirements of apparatus,
but the progress of the work
f.M.K roiR
in hand has had to be materially slowed down, and in some
cases entirely deferred, through lack of equipment, due to
inadequac>- of maintenance funds. Provision must be made
to continne this essential service, if the enviable position of
the Faculty in the realm of productive science and medical
progress is to be maintained.
Needless to say, the presence of the Medical School in
Western Ontario has been and is of inestimable value to the
public at large. It has stimulated the members of the profes-
sion engaged in teaching to set high professional standards
for themselves. In its services to the profession outside its
own personnel, it has con-
tributed much toward dis-
semination of new knowl-
edge and improved effi-
ciency.
By helping to support
such an institution, the
people of London and of
Western Ontario are doing
much to assure for them-
selves a medical service of
incalculable benefit.
JpeTadincf S ui'fe Ui'"t
PAGE FIVE
•Tl-lMSITY-Of¥ESm'OUTMO
iKS^ fiffiodl
>c
THE sure foundations of the State are laid in
knowledge, not in ignorance; and every sneer
at education, at culture, at book learning,
which is the recorded wisdom of the experience of
mankind, is the demagogue's sneer at intelligent
liberty, inviting national degeneracy and ruin.
— George William Curtis
Arts and Natural Sciences
By K.P.R. Neville, Ph.D., F.A.G.S.
Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Registrar
of The University of Western Ontario
Tp T has been said that some of the primary objects of
i going to college should be to secure worthwhile
information that will enable men and women to
make the most of their lives, to create worthy
citizenship, and through the realization of these two aims
to perpetuate all that is most vital and valuable in our
civilization.
Experience proves that the
student body of every institu-
tion comes mainly from its im-
mediate environs ; that every
institution is primarily a re-
gional institution. It owes its
first duty to its region, and its
first duty is to send back into
its community men and women
who, after four years' pursuit
of the ideal objectives men-
tioned above, can and will serve
the community for its ultimate
good. They must be community
assets satisfying Icommunity
calls. How does the University of Western Ontario, and
how does University College, measure up to these demands?
At the present moment there is machinery in motion
to provide training for many of the types of interest that
centre in Western Ontario. The student who seeks a
purely cultural development can find a liberal array of
courses subject to his option. The future teacher, man
or woman, is offered the opportunity of securing the
academic training that leads to the specialist rating of the
Department of Education of Ontario. The lawyer of the
future can get his preparation in the honor course in
Economic and Political Science. The preacher, of no
matter what cast of creed, can get his academic prelim-
inaries in some of the affiliated theological colleges. The
science courses train men in pure and applied science for
research and institutional work. The future business man
can, through the course in Business Administration or
through the various combinations of Business and Science, fit
himself in a general way for the commercial and industrial
life of our country, especially for Accounting, Salesmanship,
Finance, Industrial and Factory Organization and Man-
agement.
The University of Western Ontario is coeducational
and has always, since it fust opened its doors, had a high
percentage of women in attendance. For them, besides
the cultural and teachers' courses, there was for many
years nothing to choose. But the University saw that
many of the young women who wanted through college
training an entrance to practical life did not wish to
page two
teach. There was organized, therefore, a course in Secre-
tarial Science, which combines, with a hberal prescription
of cultural subjects, practical training in shorthand, type-
writing and general office and business practice.
From these statements it might seem that every kind of
academic training that can logically be expected from an
Arts and Science college can be obtained from the courses
already provided. Unfortunately this is far from being
the case. There is one very important phase of the
regional life of Southwestern Ontario for which we make
practically no provision. We are in the centre of the
richest agricultural area of the Dominion of Canada and
should therefore be the first institution to provide the
means for training men for research in the problems of ap-
plied agricultural biology. This
does not impinge on the field of
the Ontario Agricultural Col-
lege at all. Their training is
indispensable, but leans more
to the practical than the ex-
perimental and must in the
nature of things cover the
whole province, where our con-
tribution must be to a more
specialized, restricted area.
Nothing but scientific research
in applied agriculture is going
to enable the rural communi-
ties to produce enough to
page three
supply the demands of the ever-increasing urban population
and we should be ready to make our contribution.
Further, it must not be taken for granted that all the
women who go to college are going to find their ultimate
berth in either the school room or the office. There is still
a large section of the world that believes "a woman's
place is in the home", and for this section provision
should and must be made. There should be no coedu-
cational university without its department of Domestic
Science through which a woman can get such practical
training as will meet her needs if she chooses to use her
education in her own or some other person's home.
In the purely cultural field we have one department
where we have been forced to depend on the assistance of
local lecturers giving but a few hours each per week to the
University, viz., Philosophy. Valuable as this service has
been, and grateful as the University must be to men who
have thus sacrificed themselves in her behalf, the time
has surely arrived when this department should grow to
the status of the rest of the curriculum and be manned by
at least one full time instructor. He should be, preferably,
an experimental psychologist first, and a mental and moral
philosopher second. Even equipped with such a professor
and a minimum psychological laboratory we should not be
able to offer a course sufficiently comprehensive and
intensive to warrant giving an honor degree in the subject
as do some of our affiliated colleges. That would require at
least two men, a psychologist and a philosopher.
There is another angle from which we must view this
staff question. It is generally conceded, and can be taken
as proved till adequate evidence is forthcoming to refute
page four
it, that the small group can be taught with far better
results than the large, unwieldy group. The attempt to
restrict the number of students in a section especially in
the first two years has been a cardinal feature of the
pedagogic policy at Western. The concrete ideal has been
set at 25; no alarm has been felt if the sections were kept
below 30. But with the growth of the institution and the
increase in the attendance it has been found impossible to
avoid passing this maximum. There are six sections of
second year English where there should be eight; there
are two sections of first year Latin where there should be
three; almost every department of general course work
has the same story to tell
— French, Mathematics,
History, Economics,
Business Administra-
tion, Botany, Zoology,
Physics, Chemistry. If
the University of West-
ern Ontario is not to
prove a traitor to its con-
viction it needs addition-
al staffing in each of
these departments at
once. The condition right
now is critical because
staff expansion has lag-
ged so far behind student
expansion. The present
page Jive
staff cannot possibly assume any heavier duties because
each one of them is lecturing what seems to be a full teach-
ing load. Further, if standards are to be maintained the
new staff members secured must be well trained, and
well-trained men and women in higher educational work, as
in every other field of endeavour, demand and receive a
higher stipend than their less adequately prepared rivals.
To meet the calls legitimately made, as we see it, on a
college of Arts situated in Western Ontario we need now
in old and new departments at least 12 more full time
professors and instructors of such high quality that we
could not expect to secure them for less than $30,000 per
annum. The laboratories to be added in the suggested
new departments would cause an increased annual expen-
diture of approximately $5,000.
The fact must not be overlooked that our present
staff is working on a lower salary scale than that obtaining
in our sister institutions, which can, therefore, by reason
of their higher remuneration, attract from us the good men
whose retention here is vital to the future of our own
University. To cope with this situation would require an
additional outlay of between $5,000 and $10,000 per year.
To sum up in a word, between $40,000 and $45,000
is needed at once to add to the present salary and
equipment outlay if University College of Arts is to be put
where it will be reasonably sure of answering ade-
quately the call of the basic industries and professions
of Western Ontario. That means the net revenue from a
capital close to One MiUion Dollars.
K'DNIiRSnY'OF-WESrffl-ONIfflO
«-B
r^OLD that buys health
can never he ill spent.
-John Webster
i
Public Health
By A. J. SLACK. Ph.C, M.D., D.P.H.
Acting Dean and Director of the Faculty and Institute of Public Health,
The University of Western Ontario
CTT-I HE Institute of Public Health, in London, was opened in
I 1 1912, in a building erected and equipped by the Ontario
Government and turned over to the University of West-
ern Ontario with the object of aiding medical education and
promoting instructional and practical work in Public Health in this
section of the Province.
Instructional work in Public Health was started almost im-
mediately. Many addresses on popular public health subjects
were given to lay audiences and systematic courses of instruction
in Public Health were started for students in other Faculties of
the University and for the undergraduate nurses in London
hospitals. The professional staff of the Institute was placed in
charge of the corresponding depart-
ments in the Medical Faculty and did
much to aid in the re-organization of
that Faculty. Teaching laboratories
were established in the Institute build-
ing and for several years the didactic
and laboratory courses in Chemistry,
Physics, Bacteriology, Pathology and
Public Health for students in the Medi-
cal Faculty of the University were
conducted by the Institute staff. At
this time no sciences were being taught
in the Faculty of Arts of the Univer-
sity and for several years the Division
ofChemistry of the Institute conducted
{ Page One
all Chemistry courses for the University,
lectures in Public Health for Arts students
the Institute.
Later a course of
vas established by
The earliest connection with an official Public Health organi'
ziation was with the Department of Health of Ontario, the Institute
undertaking to make free examinations on all types of specimens
which were examined free by the Central Laboratory of the Pro-
vincial Board at Toronto. This connection with the Provincial
Department of Health has now been maintained for more than
fifteen years. The early history of the Institute was one of build'
ing up the Provincial laboratory work and of developing satisfac'
tory science courses in the Medical and Arts Departments of the
University. Rapid development of the Arts and Medical Facul'
ties eventually made it necessary for them to seek more adequate
quarters and provision was finally made by each Faculty to con-
duct its own teaching, leaving the Institute staff free to begin the
work for which it was established.
Courses in Public Health for graduate physicians and for grad-
uate nurses were outlined and have been carried on since 1920.
Courses are offered for graduate physicians leading to the Diploma
of Public Health and the degree of Doctor of Public Health and for
graduate nurses leading to the Certificate of Public Health Nurse,
Page Two I
the Certificate of Instructor in Nursing, the Certificate of Hospital
Administrator, and the degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing.
Since these Public Health courses were started Diplomas have been
granted to seven physicians. Certificates to 48 nurses and the
Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree has been granted to one
candidate. For the session 1927-28 twelve nurses are enrolled in
the graduate Public Health courses, 138 students of the Arts and
Medical Faculties are receiving instruction in Public Health and
more than 200 undergraduate nurses in London hospitals are
receiving instruction in Bacteriology, Chemistry, Preventable
Diseases and Public Health.
The laboratories provide a means by which physicians may
rapidly obtain diagnoses on all of the communicable diseases.
Before the Institute was established it was necessary to send all
specimens to Toronto for diagnosis, with the consequent loss of
much valuable time. No effort has been spared to make this
service of real practical value to the 180 or more municipalities
which take advantage of the facilities provided to obtain free
examinations on specimens having to do with the Public Health.
Many of these communities have their water and milk supplies
checked up at regular frequent intervals. The Provincial Depart-
ment of Health requires that the water supply of every public
school in Ontario must be examined at least once each year and
f Page Three
all specimens collected in the fourteen counties of south'western
Ontario are examined by the Institute. In the case of any out-
breaks of communicable diseases specimens are sent to the labor-
atory for diagnosis and because the Institute is located in the
geographical centre of the district which it serves it is possible to
make reports on these specimens with a minimum of delay.
Public Health laboratory service in order to be of the greatest
value must be rapid. Quick reports on bacteriological diagnosis
insure proper treatment at the earliest possible moment and prompt
service with regard to administration of antitoxins frequently
result in the saving of life. The Institute at all times carries a
large supply of the free biological products, like antitoxins,
serums, vaccines and insulin, for the prevention of diseases,
supplied by the Provincial Board of Health. Many thousand
packages of these free products are supplied to physicians each
year and emergency requests for biological products are met
immediately whether the call is received by day or night.
Steady increase year by year in the number of specimens re-
ceived for examination indicates that there is a real need
Page Four ]
for service of this character. The following table will indicate
the increase in the amount of practical laboratory work :
Year Total Examinations
1914 1,472
1918 10,372
1922 14,658
1926 29,433
During the year 1927 the Institute staff examined and reported
upon 31,876 free specimens and the total number of specimens
examined during this year would total nearly 35,000. This
service is of incalculable value to the physician and must result
in better medical service to the pubUc. Clinical laboratory service
is also maintained and specimens not included amongst the free
examinations are examined for the physicians for a small fee,
proceeds from such examinations being added to the funds of the
Institute. This of course meets only a small fraction of the expense
of maintaining the Institute but is a convenience to the physician
and owing to the moderate fees charged a saving to the public.
The Institute gives service to its constituency 365 days of the
year, the character of the work being such that one or more mem'
bers of the staff must be on duty for a portion at least of every day.
In order that the Institute of Public Health may develop and
increase its usefulness to its constituency certain outstanding
needs of the Institution must receive consideration. The Institute
is at present hampered by being greatly under 'Staffed. During
the fifteen years of its existence the staff has at no time been
greater than was actually necessary to carry on the routine work.
Increase in public demand for the services provided must automati'
cally result in an increased staff to take care of the additional work.
The staff should be increased sufficiently to relieve the Depart'
ment Heads from continuous routine and allow them to devote
a definite proportion of their time to the study of new Public
Health problems which are continually developing.
One of the most important functions of the Institute of Public
Health is the training of post graduate students in Public Health
work. Public Health nurses employed by the Provincial Depart-
ment of Health of Ontario are now required to be Public Health
2e Five
graduates. The time is not far distant when every municipality
will employ one or more full time Public Health nurses. Teaching
in the graduate Public Health course is hampered through lack
of facilities for students. Although a small library is maintained
containing several hundred volumes and files of Public Health
literature, the library, owing to lack of space, is located in an in-
accessible, uncomfortable and inadequately lighted room in the
basement. The library should be readily accessible and should be
large enough to permit reading and study tables. A rest room
should also be provided for students in our graduate nurses'
course. The only rooms now available for students are the two
rooms used for lecture purposes. In order to encourage registra-
tion in Public Health courses student facilities on a par with
those supplied by other Universities teaching the same courses
should be provided.
Gradual but consistent increase in laboratory work during the
paist fifteen years has necessitated the purchase of additional appar-
atus from time to time. This has been selected from the viewpoint
of both utility and durability with the result that the laboratories
are well equipped for the type of work conducted and no special
apparatus is required at the present time. An adequate refriger-
ating system is the outstanding need so far as equipment is con-
cerned. The cost of our present system of ice refrigeration is high,
the storage capacity provided inadequate. An artificial refriger-
ating system of adequate storage capacity would prove more econo-
mical in operation than ice. refrigeration. Refrigerating space is
required for the storage of media used in routine bacteriological
work and for the storage of biological products provided by the
Provincial Department of Health for free distribution throughout
Western Ontario.
The work of the Faculty and Institute of Public Health is
closely related to the health and well-being of the entire popula-
tion of South-western Ontario and should be of serious interest
to every citizen in that territory.
Adequate endowment ot the University will insure its
efficient continuance.
Page S..V }
Illlii Ir I " f
•THE'UNMSITI'OMESTM'OIMO'
'I STORY /races certain influential nations
back to a simple progenitor of uniaue
strength of body and character. Thus
Abraham., Theseus and Cadmus seem like
springs feeding great and increasing ?-ivers.
One wise and original thinker founds a tribe,
shapes the destiny of nations^ and multiplies
himself in the lives of future millions. In
accordance ivith this law, tenacity reappears in
every Scotchman; wit sparkles in every Irish-
man; vivacity is in every Frenchman's blood,
the Saxon is a colonizer and originates insti-
tutions. . . . "Blood tells," says science. But
blood is the radical element put out at compound
interest and handed forward to generations yet
unborn.
— Newell Dwight Hill is.
The Education of Women
By Ruby C. E. Masox, M.A.,
DEAN OF WOMEN,
THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO
OR the blood of the settlers of the fourteen counties of
Western Ontario we of this generation are indeed
grateful. From it came the pioneers of the great north-
west, our commanding general in the late war, two of our
Dominion premiers, premiers of each of the western
provinces, leaders in government, education, agriculture
and industry, presidents of great universities and colleges,
learned doctors, lawyers, preachers and teachers, great
writers, editors, novelists, historians and poets, and those
whose discoveries have been of world-wide benefit in
preserving and prolonging life and in increasing enormously
our food supply.
But best of all, from that blood stream came our
parents, the citizenry of these counties, with their recog-
nized characteristics of integrity, moral rectitude and
ability to do things. Out of their wisdom in its recognition
of the inestimable benefit of sustaining the home influence,
of maintaining to the utmost the responsibility of parent
to child and ot child to parent, and of placing higher
education within the reach of every able and worthy child,
the University of Western Ontario was organized; and be-
cause the standard of living of everv communitv is no
PAGE OKE
higher than that of its women, it was organized to give
equal opportunities for development to men and to women.
There are this year enrolled in the University three
hundred and thirty-two women, an increase of nearly fifty
per cent, during the last five years. Women are admitted to
all classes in all Faculties. Three hundred and six women
are registered in the Faculty of Arts, which oflFers general
and honour courses covering a wide range of subjects and
providing a choice of options. Among others, courses are
offered in commercial economics, economic and political
science, government and law, library and secretarial science,
mathematics, philosophy, public health, physical training,
chemistry, physics and the languages. There are also
special combination courses, e. g., mathematics and com-
merce, chemistry and commerce, physics and commerce.
Six women are registered in the Faculty of Medicine;
two have graduated with the Doctor of Medicine degree.
Twelve women are registered in the Faculty and Institute
PAGE TWO
of Public Health. Approximately one hundred and fitty
nurses-in-training in the London hospitals receive pro-
fessional and technical instruction from the University
staff. Of the more than one hundred teachers in Western
Ontario schools who are taking degree work at the Uni-
versity Summer School and are completing these courses
extramurally, about one-half are women.
The objective in education no longer is one of giving
to a certain few a mental equipment which should set them
apart as members of a privileged class, distinguished for
culture or aptitude tor government or other leadership.
During the last fifty years there has been slowly evolving
the idea that the objective in education is lite, and not only
life, but life more abundant. The best thought of thinking
people is being exercised in trying to understand life, and
how best to live it for the common good. The activity ot
the person is to-day of much more interest to society than
the person himself. The emphasis has shifted from in-
struction to research, and a new life has come into the
PAGE THREE
process ot education. If the slogan, "No preventable disease,
no unnecessary poverty, no blinding ignorance upon man-
kind," is ever to be fulfilled, it must be through research
laboratories. The search after new truth which seeks to
learn all the tacts with which life and its activities must
reckon is the natural endeav^our of youth. The Univ^ersitv
needs badly scholarships tor research work. A com-
paratively small amount of money invested in these tresh,
eager, voung minds under the direction ot scholarlv and
experienced directors can bring an inestimable good to all
the people Postgraduate scholarships or fellowships tor
women are much needed to permit of the exchange ot
graduate women students between the University of Western
Ontario and the great universities both in America and
abroad.
Women are entering industry in steadily increasing
numbers, and there is reason to believe that they will
continue to do so. Since there is a steadily increasing
participation in control on the part of workers, through
trade union agreements, shop committees, employed owner-
ship ot stock, etc., there is a real need tor informed and
capable leadership amon^; industrial workers. It would
'^^»f y ^ i p'
\P/tuS(cal education
PAI.K rOUR
seem that the L^niversitv ot Western Ontario's Summer
School should be the most disinterestedly interested body
to give the most helpful, constructive teaching and training
to a representative group of girls in industry in Western
Ontario who by their ability, adaptability and ambition bid
fair to be leaders of their fellows. Six weeks of instruction
concerning the position and problems of women in industry,
the wages and hours of labor in different industries and
localities, the different schemes ot industrial government,
how and what to speak, to hear and to give heed to, how to
play and how to rest, ought to prove beneficial to any
industry to which the selected embryo leader might take
back the message.
While many of the women students at "Western" live
in their own homes, the percentage of those who do not is
steadily increasing. For these, college residences are de-
sirable. Residence life develops group loyalty, gives oppor-
tunity to study human nature and so helps to develop good
judgment, creates the opportunity to make lasting friend-
ships, contributes to character building through developing
capacity for team work, evolves a sense of social responsi-
bility, directs energies into socially acceptable channels,
offers recognition for tasks successfully performed, and
induces lorte for leadership.
Physical education is another necessary factor in the
curriculum of the university of to-day; it is as essential as
mental and moral education; in fact, the one is contributory
to the other. The facilities at the University of Western
Ontario for outdoor recreation are excellent, but the indoor
work in this important department is seriously handicapped
for want of a suitable gymnasium.
PAGE FIVE
The needs of the L niv^ersity with regard to its women
students are:
1. Funds for research scholarships and increased
laboratory equipment.
2. Funds for exchange postgraduate scholarships and
fellowships.
3. Funds to enable the University in its Summer
School to give educational assistance to especiallv
promising girls in industry.
4. Funds to provide residences for the rapidly increas-
ing number of women students from out ot town.
5. Funds to provide for the physical development of
its women through adequate gymnasium facilities.
All money expended for the betterment of womanhood
is expended for the betterment of the race. To see to it
then, that the women of Western Ontario may continue to
be mother of a great people, that her children may be
to-morrow as they are to-day and have been yesterday,
leaders throughout this broad Dominion, is the great
opportunity and proud privnlege of every Western Ontario
citizen. To these an appeal for increased opportunity for
education of women needs no argument.
OUR UNIVFRSITY -:- OUR RESPONSIBILITY -:- OUR OPPORTUNITY
•THE'UNMSITY-Of-WESTM'OI^MO
0)(0
Ilfeii^(om ©Miipg©
/T is for us to discharge the high duties that de-
volve on uSf and carry our race onward. To be
no better, no wiser, no greater than the past is
to be little and foolish and bad, it is to misapply
noble means, to sacrifice glorious opportunities for
the performance of sublime deeds, to become cum-
berers of the ground.
— Garrison.
Summer School
and Extramural Courses
By H. R. Kingston, Ph.D., F.R.A.S.
Director, The Summer School and Extramural Department
of The University of Western Ontario
ANY years have passed since the idea of seeking
further academic training during a portion of the
summer vacation first led students to "go to
school" during July and August.
The demand for summer schools grew out of the
desire on the part of the more ambitious teachers to seek
higher standards of academic equipment. To do this
during the regular university year meant the giving-up of
salaries and the depletion of scanty reserves, a procedure
which, in many cases, was almost, if not entirely, impos-
sible. Then it was that the suggestion was made to have
the universities offer courses during the summer months.
The establishing of summer schools has been of great help
also to those university students in residence during the
winter, who, because of illness or some other misfortune,
have been unable to complete the year's work during the
winter sessions and have used the summer schools to make
up their deficiencies.
Further, why should a univer-
sity plant in which the people
have such a large investment lie
practically idle during four whole
months of the year?
"Western" early recognized
the necessity of providing sum-
mer courses, and in 1918 opened
her first Summer School.
During the summers that have followed the interest
in the Summer School has increased until the attendance
has for two summers exceeded 100. Entrance is on the
same basis as entrance to the winter school, that is, by
junior matriculation. Also, in the case of a teacher, a
second class certificate admits to the Summer School.
Further, the summer courses are open to all individuals
who wish to widen their experience and extend their
culture, provided that they satisfy the instructors in charge
that they are qualified to pursue intelligently and profitably
the courses chosen.
The work in the Summer School is precisely equivalent
to the work done in the University during the winter
term. Courses are given in Astronomy, Botany. Chem-
istry, Enghsh, French, Geology, German, Greek, History,
Latin, Library Science, Bacteriology and Public Health,
Public Speaking, Physics, Mathematics, Nature Study and
Agriculture, Spanish and Zoology. These courses all lead
to the General B.A. degree. A number of honor courses
also are offered leading to the Honor B.A. degree.
The Summer School students are naturally of a serious
type, otherwise they would not spend their own funds
during vacation in pursuing a stiff course of discipline such
as an Arts Course comprises. They work consistently and
hard and when they play they play with all their might.
At the present time a number of recent Summer
School students are in residence and taking regular work
at the University. In addition there are now 64 students
who by correspondence are carrying on work through the
Extramural Department.
The Summer School seeks to develop every student
physically as well as mentally, so that at the close of the
session each may go back to his constituency refreshed
and stronger in body as well as in mind. With this end in
view a systematic program of social and athletic events
page two
runs throughout the entire session under the auspices of
the Summer School Students' Association.
A discussion of the Summer School is incomplete
without mention of the work of the Extramural Depart-
ment with which it is closed allied. As the summer session
runs for only six weeks few courses can be finished in that
time. Such courses, begun in the summer in personal
contact with the instructors, are completed through the
Extramural Department by means of extramural or cor-
respondence study during the following winter. The
extramural work is carried on in a regular, systematic
manner. Outlines of the courses are sent to the students
and essays or exercises are assigned to be sent in at regular
intervals. These are corrected, graded and returned. In
this way direct help is given to the students. It should
be added that many courses may be taken extramurally
which have not been started in the Summer School. The
amount of work which a student may complete in a year
varies, of course, with the free time at his disposal. On
an average, however, from one-half to two-thirds of a
regular intramural year's work may be taken each year
in this way.
At present the Summer School and Extramural budget
permits the offering of only those courses which are directly
required for the B. A. degree. It is urgently necessary thatthe
scope of the work be extended to include a greater number
of degree courses, and, in addition, a variety of "com-
munity courses" which, while not required for the B.A.
degree, are needed to help earnest and capable teachers to
equip themselves more completely for leadership in their
various constituencies so that they may develop the very
best in our community life, outside as well as within the
classroom.
To make possible these developments, of such potential
value to the people of Western Ontario, the resources of
the Department must be strengthened considerably.
page three
Extension Courses and Adult Education
By Col. Walter James Brown, B. S. A., L L. M., F. C. I. S.,
Executive Secretary of the University of Western Ontario
and Director of the Extension Department
HE Extension Department of the University of
Western Ontario was organized in May, 1921.
Its purpose is to provide educational facilities,
inspiration and guidance for people at large who
are not interested in winning for themselves university or
academic degrees; to promote education for its own sake;
to make cultural education popular among all classes of
people irrespective of their previous training; to open the
doors of the intellectual life to men and women who left
school at an early age before they had an opportunity to
obtain a secondary education; to help those who are
interested to learn more about the world in which they
live and to become acquainted with its history, its liter-
ature, its philosophy and its science, to the end that their
social, intellectual and spiritual lives may be made rich in
the things worth while and rendered capable of bearing fruit.
This Department is the public service side of university
work. It provides a scheme for promoting and a method
of taking part in the movement for public education.
Civilization in its upward trend has imposed new and
burdensome duties and responsibilities on the nation and
the race. Under these changed conditions the school, the
college and the university are of supreme importance to
society. The demand for more and better education is
imperative. Few thinking people are bold enough to
place limits on the utility of knowledge or to say what
class in our social order or even what individual in the
community does not need or would not profit by an
education. This we know: the world in which a man
lives is largely the product of his own mind. The only
page four
way to enrich his hfe, to increase his happiness and to
make his career a success is to feed and develop his mind.
The work of the Extension Department embraces:
(a) Topical lectures by members of the University
Faculties and Staffs of the affiliated colleges. Subjects:
Literature, history, science, economics, nursing, public
health, medicine. Biblical literature, archaeology and illus-
trated travel talks. About 200 lectures are given each year.
(b) Group lectures. These are given by the Depart-
mental Staffs and are usually arranged for the benefit of
reading clubs, literary societies and similar organizations
where a group of people desire the same lecture series.
The subjects covered are English literature, Canadian liter-
ature, Canadian history, public health and natural science.
(c) Special courses. These have been arranged for
the benefit of groups of journalists, industrial workers,
commercial travellers, nurses, etc., who desire either courses
dealing with particular subjects or refresher courses for
special purposes.
(d) Educational assemblies. For several years the
rural young people of Middlesex County have gathered at
the University for a few days in June for the purpose of
receiving lectures by members of the Faculty and getting
inspiration and guidance in literary and scientific pursuits.
In 1927, representatives in these groups came from all
parts of Western Ontario.
(e) Adult classes. Men and women have been organ-
ized in groups of from thirty to forty each for the purpose
of pursuing for one, two and three years, a systematic
study of English literature, elementary English, economics,
sociology, parliamentary law, public speaking, Canadian
history, industrial history, etc. There are at present
groups in London, Sarnia, Chatham, Ingersoll, Kitchener,
Gait, Brantford, Preston and Stratford, or between three and
four hundred men and women identified with this movement.
page five
The Extension Department has taken advantage of
every opportunity available for the purpose of promoting
pubHc education. It has cooperated with various organ-
izations in the City of London and in the cities and towns
of Western Ontario. Its efforts have been coordinated
with those of the Boards of Education, Library Boards,
women's clubs, teachers' guilds, farmers' associations and
women's institutes. It has worked with the press in
giving radio talks and with the library associations in
giving encouragement to the reading of good books. At
the present time suggested reading courses are being
prepared. It is hoped that the library extension service
may be so far developed that shortly it will be possible to
place well selected lists of books and even the books
themselves in the hands of any person in any part of
Western Ontario who may desire assistance.
The foregoing is merely a sketch of the work of the
Extension Department. Competent investigators have
stated that this Department stands second in efficiency
and in development among the universities of Canada.
It is safe to say that with an adequate budget appropriation
the Extension Department would be able to do at least
twelve times its present work. It has an exceptional
opportunity for service. The people of Western Ontario
are alive to the benefits of educational facilities and are
clamoring for university assistance.
Make brighter the modern lamp of knowledge for all men and all ivomen.
page six
■Tl'UNMSlTI-OMESTffl'OlARIO
TIk© ILfifcdiirfi©!
:^=!:^
fyRING it again to mind
and consider faithfully
what ye receive through books,
and ye will find that books
are, as it were, the creators
of your distinction, without
which other favorers would
have been wanting.
— Richard De Bury
I
The Libraries
of The University of Western Ontario
By Professor Fred Landon, M. A.
Librarian
HE heart of a university is its library. The saying
is old but the truth of it is ever new. Out from
the world's libraries there flow constantly streams
of knowledge which, guided by skilful hands, re-
fresh, renew and give life to all human activities. This is
particularly true of university libraries whose ideals are set
forth and outlined in the very word "university" which at
least suggests, if it does
not actually mean, whole-
ness and completeness.
In the history of the
University of Western
Ontario, the develop-
ment of its library re-
sources has been one of
the most striking indi-
cations of its progress.
From a collection of but
a few hundred volumes
therehas been developed
in ten years a collection
now numbering over
75,000 volumes and in its medical section ranking probably
third in Canada. Two factors have brought about this
growth: first, a recognition by the University authorities
that library expenditure was vital to the work of the in-
stitution; and second, the numerous gifts of books made
by friends of the University, the most outstanding being
the presentation in 1918 by the late John Davis Barnett,
of Stratford, of his collection of over 40,000 volumes.
The Library of this University has several distinctions.
It contains what is probably the best collection of books
pofir liro
relating to Shakespeare to be found in Canada. It has a
most extensive collection of Canadian and American his-
tory. It numbers among its treasures beautiful examples
of the work of 15th century printers. It has been made a
depository for several important collections of documentary
material, notably the manuscript records of the Society of
Friends in Canada. It contains hundreds of rare and valu-
able pamphlets, together with numerous pictures and
prints.
The worth of a library consists not alone in the value
of its treasures but in the use which is made of its resources.
page three
For the five year period 1922-27 the number of books
loaned from the general Library and from the Library of
the Medical School is as follows:
General
Medical School
Year
Library
Library
Total
1922-23
12,124
7,729
19,853
1923-24
15,952
6,102
22,054
1924-25
18,088
7,782
25,870
1925-26
22,409
9,510
31,919
1926-27
26,210
9,993
36,203
When this is compared with the growth of the student
body in the same five year period it will be found to have
kept full pace.
It may not be amiss to state the general purposes
which a university library is designed to meet :
1. To provide undergraduate students with
those books which are required for their work in all
fields.
2. To provide the university faculties with
books and journals relating to their fields of in-
struction, as well as those which will facilitate re-
search.
3. To meet the needs of extramural students
and others, who, often remote from libraries, are
pursuing definite lines of study.
4. In the case of this particular University
Library, to loan books to anyone who is engaged in
serious study or who desires to read good books.
The Library of the University of Western Ontario has
always maintained a liberal policy in the loaning of its
page four
books. While keeping foremost the actual needs of Facul-
ties and students, it has always been ready to assist any
person following a line of study or who desired to read for
self-improvement. The increasing emphasis now being
laid upon adult education will tend to increase the calls
upon the University from individuals and groups in Wes-
tern Ontario.
The promotion and encouragement of scientific re-
search is not only a legitimate function of a university
but also has very direct influence upon the character of its
teaching. To this end it is the policy of the library to
provide, as conditions permit, for the carrying on of re-
search. This is particularly the case in the Medical School
Library and it is of interest to recall that from a volume,
borrowed from the Library of this University, Dr. Frederick
G. Banting, gleaned the germ idea which by later de-
velopment resulted in his discoveries concerning insulin.
Wliat may we regard as the future needs of this Uni-
versity with respect to its libraries.*^
First and foremost, adequate appropriations
from year to year for the purchase of new books in
all fields of knowledge as part of the equipment of
instruction.
In the second place, provision for the purchase
of those books which, though older, form the back-
ground of study, and for the purchase of complete
sets of journals, particularly in medicine and the
natural sciences, in which the research work of the
past is preserved.
page five
Thirdly, the continued training and develop-
ment of a library staff, well acquainted with the
Library and able to acquaint others with the riches
which it offers.
In the fourth place, the ultimate provision of a
separate building for the General Library of the
University, with adequate reading and study
rooms, generous stack accommodation for books
and the requisite facilities for making the book
resources of greatest use.
The Libraries of the University should attract the
interest and enlist the aid of many people. The great
libraries of the world preserve for us the story of man's
past and of his continual effort to advance. Few losses of
war have been more lasting than the destruction of libraries
and few have excited greater condemnation. Louvain's
destruction illustrated this and its restoration since peace
came has been viewed as an international duty. The
intellectual strength of a nation may be measured in a
degree by its libraries
and the character of a
university's work is very
distinctly related to the
provision which is made
t^' i^BIL for bringing together
and making available
for study the books of
the past and the present.
•TfiE'UNMSM'OF^ESTM'OlARIO
Physical £du
and
Athletics
/tfil What avail the largest gifts of Heaven,
■*^ When drooping health and spirits go am iss ?
How tasteless then whatever can he given !
Health is the vital principle of bliss,
And exercise of health.
— Thomson : Caslle of Indolence
Physical Education and Athletics
at The University of W estern Ontario
By John Gilbert Lang, B. P. E.
Director of Physical Education
^^^I^HE cure of organic disease is no part of the
W J~ program of the expert in Physical Education.
^» That is the function of the qualified medical
practitioner. But there is a broad field between
the absence of organic disease and the presence of robust
health. At one of the great Universities on this continent
it has been shown that, while 95 per cent, of the students
are organically sound, only a small fraction of that 95 per
cent, can be considered robust and healthy. Between
these poles lies the realm of Physical Education: to make
robust health the possession of all those who are free from
organic deficiency. Faulty food habits, faulty health
habits produce over-fatigue, nervous instability, and lack
of control, which are the most prominent causes of failure
not only among college students l)ul among men and
women in the later fields of human activity. These can
be prevented entirely or corrected before it is too late by
the proper sort of instruction in health habits.
The science of Physical Education, then, has for its
objective the attainment through physical activity of
health and physical efficiency. The processes by which
this science seeks to attain its objective produce as by-
products mental alertness, sturdy moral fibre, and, in a
measure, social graces. None of these major or minor
products are the gifts of the gods. They are the ultimate
effects of consciously directed effort. The direction of
this effort has become an essential factor of modern hifjher
page two
education, for a sound body is the recognized foundation
of a sound mind. The University of Western Ontario
through its Department of Physical Education seeks to
the utmost of its abihty, in spite of inadequate faciUties,
to direct the youth who come to it along the highway to
health.
The problem is attacked concretely as follows: all
first and second year students are required to participate
in at least two hours of regular physical activity each
week. Each student is examined at the beginning of the
University year and the form of activity best suited to his
or her physical condition and personal preference is pre-
scribed. The curriculum includes gymnastics, boxing,
wrestling, basketball, volleyball, soccer, track and field
page three
work, group games, marching, calisthenics, tennis, folk
dancing, ice and field hockey, rugby and baseball. It is
felt that indulgence in these activities under proper auspices
not only produces health, the principal purpose of the
Department, but creates and develops an alertness of
mind, an ability to cooperate, a capacity for leadership,
and a love of fair play, self-sacrifice, loyalty, perseverance —
in short everything that is best in the term "sportsmanship."
The regular student annual program forces on the
University authorities attention to the physical condition
of the student. The average course demands of the
student, if he is conscientious at all, as many as 44 hours
per week, and several of the courses demand a great deal
page Jour
more than this ideal week of the various labor unions.
The whole of this .44 -hour" program is indoors and the
most of it sedentary work. ^ That a student under such
circumstances needs physical activity, properly supervised
and directed, should be self-evident.
Competitive athletics are by no means the only impor-
tant side of the physical activities of an institution of
learning. But they have the misfortune of attracting the
greatest amount of public notice, sometimes very much to
the detriment of the real program of the Physical Education
Department, which, as has been stated several times
already, should aim to get all the physically fit into some
form of activity. No University is strong enough to avoid
making concessions to popular expectations, and we find
that as early as 1905 organized athletics made their
appearance at Western with interfaculty and city com-
petitions. The war years were a dead time, but since the
peace rapid development has taken place at Western
as well as everywhere else. In 1924 the Basketball team
won an intermediate championship and earned for the
University admission to senior intercollegiate basketball, a
recognition that was justified by the winning of the champ-
ionship in 1927. The 1927 hockey team also reached the
intermediate intercollegiate finals, only to be defeated by
one goal in a "sudden death" game with the Royal
Military College.
Of all the sports, Rugby has undoubtedly made the
greatest strides. In 1926 the team reached the inter-
collegiate intermediate finals and in 1927 won the champ-
ionship in that division in a most impressive manner,
without the loss of a single game.
For many years the girls have participated in contests
with teams from Macdonald Hall (Guelph,) the University
of Toronto, and similar institutions. In 1927 they were
invited to join the women of the University of Toronto,
page five
Queen's University, and McCJill University in senior inter-
collegiate tennis and basketball leagues.
Obviously, in order that the work of the Department
of Physical Education may be efficiently carried out, fields
and buildings readily accessible and adequately equipped
must be available. As far as the fields go, those at present
in use on the I niversity campus are ideally situated and
well-constructed. All that they need is more adequate
seating accommodation for spectators and a suitable field
house for the players of home and visiting teams. As
much cannot be said for the buildings. ' At the present
time all indoor physical work, with the exception of
hockey, is carried on at the Y.M.C.A., the Armouries, and
the Oxford Street Gymnasium. These buildings are froni
one and one-half to three miles from the campus, and
some of them (The Armouries and the Oxford Street
Gymnasium) are not only inadequately equipped but
entirely unsuitable for physical education work.
A gymnasium for men and for women, with adequate
swimming pools, would greatly facilitate the physical
program and would be of material help towards the
arrangement of the whole time-table of classes for the
University College of Arts, because the time that is now
lost in travelling from one centre of University life to
another would be saved for active participation in the
phvsical program features that attract the several groups,
anil Ihe present staff of the Physical Educatitm Department
would be enabled to give about twice as much time to
actual supervision and instruction as they now find possible.
A generous response to the Endowment Fund appeal
from the people of Western Ontario, the source of more than
90 per cent, of the students attending the University, will
strengthen the Purple and White in its effort to achieve
essential results in all the leuit imate lieldsof health education.
•THE'UMBSITY'Of.lESTffl'OETMO
®1F .
0
0
^A%''-
HE best system of edu-
cation is that which
draws its chief support froyn
the voluntary effort of the
community, from the indi-
vidual efforts of citizens, and
from those burdens of taxa-
tion which they voluntarily
impose upon themselves.
— Garfield
The (^ost of education
By K. P. R. NEVILLE, Ph.D., F.A.G.S.
Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Registrar,
The University of Western Ontario
AOT SO many years ago the minimum of education for the
man who wished to escape the charge of illiteracy was
entrance to the High School. A change in the public
attitude advanced this demand to the point where it was felt
that a man ceased to be illiterate if he had certificates that showed
him to have graduated from High School or matriculated to the
University. The specially gifted in the old days used to go
beyond High School entrance to take the full High School course,
but to-day that gives the specially gifted no advantage over the
average. Superior training now is understood to mean college
education.
The average development of the citizen demanded by the
general dictates of the society of the hour must be provided by
the State. It is universally admitted then to be right that our
Public and High Schools be maintained not by payment of fees
on the part of students but by the taxes of the municipality.
There are those who urge further that also in the case of
I Page One
college training the whole of the tuition fees should be assumed by
the State. This group, where successful, has caused the launching
and the development of the Universities of the great common'
wealths of the United States and the Provinces of Canada, where
generous support for the Universities is given out of State taxa-
tion and fees are kept at a minimum.
At the other extreme stand those who insist that higher
education is purely a luxury for which the students or their
parents should pay one hundred cents on the dollar of costs.
Then it is legitimate to charge every cent of disbursement to
the presence of students to be taught, to the students present to
be taught; if there were no students there would be no expen-
diture. Let us see what this latter consideration would have meant
at the University of Western Ontario during the session of 1926-
27, the last year for which an audit is available. We find that the
total operating expenses of the University for that year were
$441,539.35. This amount would have to be paid by the number
of students enrolled in University College of Arts, the Faculty
of Medicine, and the Faculty of Public Health. The registration
record shows that
these students for
the session under dis-
cussion numbered
833. They would
therefore have to
pay in tuition an
average of $530.06
for the year. This
figure would presum-
ably be somewhat
lower in Arts and
higher in Medicine.
Stude'it Enrolment at "Western'^
1928
^J>}
1927
w
1926
1925
/
1924
,y
I9Z5
551/
1922
-^M/
mm-
1921
0
1920
r
!■_
1919
16
1
X
f
II
1918 1 f^
Bi 1
?agf. Two I
It seems to be reasonable to admit that the State has an interest
in the better trained students from whose ranks largely will be
recruited the future leaders of the State, and that the State should
therefore contribute something towards the expenses of every
institution of higher learning chartered within its boundaries. On
the other hand, these future leaders of the State are in a position,
after finishing their round of intramural education, to lay hold of
the greater rewards of life. So it is a safe presumption that their
education is a personal as well as a national gain. Some statistician
has figured that a college education is worth $72,000 to the Uni'
versity graduate during the years of his power to earn. The State
then is under no obligation to do more than assume a fraction of
the cost of this higher education. The question naturally arises,
"What fraction"?
If you will grant that it is a reasonable suggestion that the
State should be responsible for half the funds for the maintenance
of our institutions of higher learning, this would mean for the
University of Western Ontario for the session of 1926-27 an aver'
age fee per student of $265.03.
If the University of Western Ontario assessed either $530.06
or $265.03 as the average fee for the average year, one of two things
would happen : either the student body would be recruited solely
from those whose parents are wealthy, and some unusually worthy
students would be denied the privilege of education, or the student
body would move to the neighboring Universities where fees are
lower.
Up to the present time the University of Western Ontario has
depended for its annual operating expenses on student fees and
provincial and municipal grants. There is no active revenue-pro'
ducing endowment. The assistance from the Public Treasury
would seem to have been generous both for capital and.
current expenses. The Government officials say that income
{ Page Three
from this source cannot be increased. The fees were raised
a couple of years ago to the level of the fees imposed at our
sister Ontario Universities. So it seems impossible to look for a
great expansion of income from this source. There remains then
only the income from endowment which it is within the power of
the University to expand, and that has to be expanded to meet
the following situation:
Total current expenses
Provincial Grant ' '
City of London Grant
$441,539.35
' $250,000.00
55,000.00
Fees paid (tuition, graduation and ex'
amination fees)
81,675.57
$386,675.57 386,675.57
*$ 54,863.78
A deficit in current expenditure of: ^ ^ ^
* This does not include 526,000 interest charges on capital overdraft
This sum is the interest (at 5 per cent, which we are assured is a
high return for a safe grade of security over a period of years) on
$1,097,275.61, in round figures $1,100,000.00. But that cannot for
an instant be considered an adequate capital endowment. It allows
for no improvement in plant, no expansion in laboratory equipment,
no proper extension of Library, no increase in staff, no promotion of
Pcig; Four ]
worthy members of the present staff, no superannuation provision
for men who have worn themselves out in the University's service.
No institution can live and maintain its independence in such an
atmosphere. It is due for a stifled growth that will issue in total
dissolution.
These figures assume that 12.43 per cent, of the operating ex-
penses of the University will come from endowment. In many of
the Universities on the continent that by general admission stand
high in the University world this would be considered an entirely
too small percentage of current revenue to expect from endow-
ment. The following table is of interest:
Income from
Expenditure
Percent-
*Endowment
Endowment
t (current)
age
Columbia
$59,407,421
$2,820,300
$6,265,154.90
45.01
Harvard
64,413,891
3,220,650
6,372,755.21
50.53
Yale
39,697,259
1,984,860
3,728,485.51
53.23
Victoria
1,137,146
57,000
155,915.00
36.50
Queen's
2,121,180
106,000
492,368.00
21.40
McMaster
1,049,043
52,500
109,173.00
47.70
Dalhousie
1,356,360
67,750
220,000.00
30.80
McGill
17,701,211
885,000
1,961,167.00
45.00
Montreal -
1,780,900
90,000
372,952.00
24.12
Knox
344,941
17.250
40,600.00
42.48
Wycliffe
355,122
16,755
59,600.00
22.38
Source ot figures:
'Americin igures from "World Almanic, 1924-25."
Canadian figures from "Annual Survey of Education in Canada, 1925."
tAmerican figures from "Index Generalis, 1924-25."
Canadian figures from "Annual Survey of Education in Canada, 1925."
Note: — Income from Endowment was based on a 5 per cent, rate throughout.
{ Page Fwe
It will be seen from this compilation that in almost half
the instances the income from endowment is very close to one-
half the total expenditure of the institution. If these figures point
in the right direction, we should expect from interest on endow-
ment practically 50 per cent, of our annual expenditure, i.e. :
$220,769.68, not simply the portion that is not paid by the provincial
Government, the municipality of London and student fees,
VIZ.: $54,863.78.
What would that mean to "Western'' at the present time? A
capital endowment fund of $4,415,393.60 now, in 1928, and not
five, ten or fifteen years from now.
The future of the University, however, will bring financial
problems of its own day, without any inheritance of the unsolved
problems of to-day.
To-day the University needs the income from an endowment
fund of at least two million dollars, to enable it simply to operate
on the safe side. It looks with confidence to the people whom
it serves to assist in creating that fund.
Page Six }
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