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THE . . .

NEWFOUNDLAND

,-. V* , , ^Lf* - _ * Vaf T,J

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QUARTERLY.

VOL. IV. — \u. i.

JOHN J. EVANS, PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR.
JUJNE, J904. - KIARCH

40 CTS. PER VEAR.

CONTENTS.

Sport in Newfoundland.

Photos, by James I'tv.

" His Excellency Sir Cavendish Boyle, K.C.M G.,

Governor of Newfoundland,'' with portrait ... i
'• To His Grace the Most Rev. M. F. Howley,
First Archbishop of Newfoundland" — Poem,

by D. Carroll i

•• Vale," by Sir Cavendish Boyle, K.C.M.G 2

" The Governor's Poem" To Hon. E. P. Morris,
K.C., LL.D., Chairman of Welcome Commit-
tee for Old Home Week. . 2
•

" Newfoundland Name-Lore," by Most Rev. M F.

Howley, D.I) '. 3

" Re-KindleM"— Poem, by D. Carroll 4

" James J. McAuliffe," with portrait 4

Supplement: A full-page Illustration of Interior
of Roman Catholic Cathedral, showing new

Ceiling and Altar

" Renovation of the Cathedral" 5

" Pro Fide et Avalonia" — Newfoundland a New
Archbishopric — St. John's a Metropolitan See,

by Rev. }. A. O'Reilly, D.D 6

' This is My Own My Native Land" — Poem, E. C. 7
' A Tribute to Sir Robert Bond" — a Poem, with
Illustration — Twillingate, by D. Carroll 8

Supplement : A full-page Illustration from Photo-
graph— " Turning First Sod — O'Donel Memo-
rial Hall"

" The O'Donel Memorial Hall," by James M. .
Kent. B.A., K.C 9

" Placentia Strike" with Illustration from Pho,to. . 10

Supplement: A full-page Illustration from Photo-
graph— " Committee of Cabot Club, Boston".

" The Cabot Out Committee, Boston"— Biogra-
phical Notes ii

" By the Sea" — Poem, with Illustration. — Cape
Race, by Eros Wayback 12

" A Welcome to Our Visiting Fellow Country
men," from Hon. E. P. Morris, K.C., LL.D.,
Attorney General, Chairman Old Home Week
Committee, with portrait of the writer, and
Illustrations — Fort Amherst and Petty Harbor 13

" Bishop Feild College," with Illustrations 15

" Engineer Sub-Lieut. R. A. Howley, R.N 17

" Books on Newfoundland," by D. W. Prowse,
LL.D 18

'•Fisher-Folk" — an Etching, by F. B. Wood.... 20
' Avalon's Farewell to Miss Lane"— Poem, by E.C. 20

" God Guard Thee '." — Ode to Sir Cavendish

Boyle, K.C.M.G., by Arthur S. English 20

" Trust" — Poem, by George F. Power. . 20

" A Faiewell" — Poem, by F. B. Wood 20

24-®

-*P*'i,iiuT*( _f ifiTi iHifIS ami —r-ra^-.-% --ri inJftg-v1

Estimates Given for all kinds of

Work

Speciality

Removing Pianos,

THK NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

W. & 0. REND[LL,

V General Commission *£ /
^ Property and Insurance
Agents. <£ *£ <£ <£

ST. JOHN'S, NEWFOUNDLAND.

AGENTS FOR THE

PHCENIX ASSURANCE COMPANY, LIMITED,

OF LONDON.

Queen
fire Insurance Companj

FUNDS

$AO,OOO,OOO

INSURANCE POLICIES

Against Loss or Damage by Fire

are issued by the above

well known office on the most

liberal terms.

JOHN CORMACK,

AGENT FOR NEWFOUNDLAND

PHCENIX

Assurance

Co., Ltd.,

Nf Id. Steam Screw Tug Co., Ltd.

D. P. higraham* ' & Launch Dtiisy,
J/t Joint Green. Jit

Rates of Towage of Vessels in and out of St. John's Harbor, from a mid
outside the (leads to the Consignee's wharf, or from the Consignee's whar
to a mile outside the Heads.

OF LONDON, - - ESTABLISHED 1782.

Annual Premiums ................. $7,500,000

Fund held to meet losses ........... 9,000,000

Jncalled Capital . ...... ........... 12,000,000

7440° G* RENDELL>

T. JOHN'S. Agent for Nfld.

UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO |

GROSS TONNAGE.

60 Tons and under 84.00

From 60 to 100 Tons (10 cts.
pel ton additional.)

101 to 125 Tons

126 to 150
151 to 175
176 to 200

2OI to 225

226 to 250
251 to 300

IO.OO
12. OO

14.00
16.00

iS.oo
20.00

22.00

GROSS TONNAGE.

From 301 to 350 Tons 524.01

351 to 400

401 to 450

451 to 500

501 to 550

551 to 600

60 i to 700

701 to Soo

80 1 to 900

901 to 1000

26.01

28.0.

30.0

32.0.
34.0
38.0

42.0
46.0
50.0

Vessels requiring the Steamer to go beyond the above limits as far z
Cape Spear to pay one-third additional.

N. B. — Special Rates, will be charged during the ice season.

The owners are not responsible for any damage done by the Vess
towed, to themselves or others.

JOHN GREEN, Manager.

I Exaggeraion
to say that^s

Ropal

Standard

flour

Alan Goodridge $ Sons

325 WATER STREET, ST. JOHN'S, N. F.,

General Importers and Wholesale and Retail Merchants.

'I I I I I I I I I I I !

I HI |.| I I I I I

CXPOMRS Of ALL KINDS Of PRODLCf

IS EQUAL TO ANY OTHER
f BRATSfD IN THE MARKET.^

Give it a fair trial when you want another barrel.

HARVEY & Co'y.

BRANCH ESTABLISHMENTS:

Witless Bay, Tor's Cove, Ffcrryland, Renews,
Nipper's Harbor, New Perlican, Round Harbor,
Hant's Harbor, Caplin Bay, j jt J* j»

Where Fishery Outfits can at all time
be Supplied,

THE NE WFO UNDLAND QUAR TERL Y.

Imperial Tobacco Co., Ltd.

Manufacturers of Choice Tobaccos.

Smoking and Chewing,

Plug, Cut Plug, and Granulated.

ome of our brands:

" GOODWIN'S BEST CUT PLUG,"
"EARLY BIRD," "EMPIRE,"

" MARINER," " DAISY,"

" MONT ROYAL," " OUR FAVORITE,"

"J. D." "VIRGINIA LEAF,"

" HAPPY THOUGHT," " CROWN,"

" RICHMOND GEM," " SUCCESS,"

" IMPERIAL."
For a cool, refreshing smoke, try " KILLIKINKNICK."

OFFICES AND FACTORY:

Flavin and Bond Streets, J* St. John's, Newfoundland.

THE "SAMPSON" LINE

AND:

THE "GOLD MEDAL" BRAND

Of Hemp and Cotton ^
Twines are the Strongest
and Best ever produced!

Sold Everywhere

Post Office Department

Parcels may be Forwarded by Post at Rates Given Belo'tv.
In the case of Parcels, for outside the Colony, the senders will ask for Declaration Form, upon which the Contents and Value must be Stated

FOR NEWFOUNDLAND
AND LABRADOR.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM.

FOR UNITED STATES.

FOR DOMINION OF

CANADA.

I pou

2 poll

3
4
5
6

9
10
ii

See
16
24
32
40
48
56
64
72
So
88

Under i Ib
per 2 oz.

24 ce

24
24
48
48
48
48
72
72
72
72

No parcel s
less than

nts

12 ce

24
36
48
60
72
84
96
$i 08

nts

i 5 cents.
3°
45
60

75
90
Si .05

Cannot exceed seven pounds
weight.

No parcel sent to D. of C. for
less than 15 cents.

nds

I . 12 . .

weight, i cent

ent to UK. for
24 cents.

No parcel sent to U. S. for
less than 12 cents.

N.B. — Parcel Mails between Newfoundland and United States can only be exchanged by direct Steamers : say Red Cross Line to and from New York ;

Allan Line to and from Philadelphia.
Parcel Mails for Canada are closed at General Post Orifice every Tuesday at 3 p.m., for despatch by " Bruce" train.

RATES OF COMMISSION
ON MONEY ORDERS.

General Post Office.

THE Rates of Commission on Money Orders issued by any Money Order Office in Newfoundland to the United States
of America, the Dominion of Canada, and any part of Newfoundland are as follows : —

For sums not exceeding $10 5 cts. Over $ 50, but not exceeding $60 30 cts.

Over $10, but not exceeding $20 10 cts. Over $60, but not exceeding $70 35 cts.

Over $20, but not exceeding $30 15 cts. Over $70, but not exceeding $80 40 cts.

Over $30, but not exceeding $40 20 cts. Over $80, but not exceeding $90 45 cts.

Over $40, but not exceeding $50 25 cts. Over $90, but not exceeding $100 50 cts.

Maximum* amount of a single Order to any of the ABOVE COUNTRIES, and to offices in NEWFOUNDLAND, $100.00, but as
many may be obtained as the remitter requires.

General Post Office St. John's, Newfoundland, June, 1904. H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

OFFICE AND STORE — Adelaide Street. STONEYARD— Just East Custom
House, Water Street. Telephone, 364.

W. J. ELLIS,

- — Contractor and Builder.

Dealer in Cement, Selenite, Plaster, Sand, Mortar, Brick, Drain Pipes,
Bends, Junctions and Traps; Chimney Tops, all sizes, and Plate Glass.

Estimates Given for all kinds of Work at Shortest Notice.

Parlor, Dining and
Office Furniture.

Church Seats.

Venetian Blinds
Made to Order.

T. MARTIN,^

Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer,

38 New Cower Street.

Repairing Furniture Horses and Vans for

a Speciality. Removing Pianos, &c.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Angel Engineering & Supply Co., Ltd

Headquarters for all kinds of Machinery
of Imported and Local Manufacture* <£

e«r

Saw Mills, Plainers, Rock Drills, Pneumatic Machinery, Pumps, Machinists' Tools,
Gasoline, Kerosene & Gas Engines, Ship's Windlasses, Ship's Pumps, Rouse Chocks

and Hawser Pipes.^

Leather and Rubber Belting, Circular Saws, Pulleys, Shafting, Bar Iron,
Mild Bar Steel, Cast Steel, Tool Steel and Drill Steel, and all kinds of
Machinists, Mining, Mill and Ship's Supplies.

•;^ Correspondence solicited on any Engineering question.

«£2P

St. John's Municipal Council.

— PUBLJG NOTICE.—

WHEREAS under and by virtue of certain powers and
authority vested in the Saint John's Municipal Council
by the Municipal Act of 1902, empowering the said
Council to impose, fix, and collect certain taxes, rates, assess-
ments, rents, etc., and whereas by Section 1 19 of the Municipal
Act of 1902, it is provided as follows, viz. : " In addition to the
' water rates and assessments provided by the foregoing sec-
' tions, it shall be competent for the Council to fix and impose
' a tax, rate, or assessment, which may be called and described
' as a sewerage rate or tax, to be levied and imposed upon and
' paid by the same parties and in respect of the same properties
: and interests therein as are and shall be respectively liable to

' the said water rates and assessments. The said sewerage rate
' or tax may be either at a specific annual rate or assessment of
• so much per cent, upon the annual rents, interests, and rent-
' values of the properties assessed, or by way of a proportionate
' addition to the water rates and assessments."
And Whereas by resolution of the Saint John's Municipal

Council, dated January i2th, 1904, it was ordered that the said

Sewerage Rate or Tax shall be one-fourth of the annual Water

Rates payable under existing appraisement.

Be it therefore Resolved that the said Rate or Tax shall be

one-fourth of the Water Rates as aforesaid to take effect from

and after the ist day of July, 1904.

By order,

JOHN L. SLATTERY, Secretary.

NOTICE.

UNION BANlTofNEVVfOlNDLAND

I IN LIQUIDATION.

J^ NINTH DIVIDEND of 2y2 cents in the dollar will
be payable to the creditors of this Institution at Martin's
Building, Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland, on and after
Wednesday, May 25th, J904. And

fsJOTICE »s hereby given .that all persons holding Notes
of this Bank are required to immediately produce and
furnish the same for payment of Dividends at the above office.

JAMES GORDON,
JAMES R. KNIGHT,
JAMES D. RYAN,
JAMES RYAN,
Receivers and Liquidators.

GUARDIAN^

ASSURANCE Co., Ltd.,

OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

Established 1831.

The Guardian has the largest paid-up capital of any
Company in the world transacting a Fire business.

Subscribed Capital
Paid-up Capital ...
Invested Funds exceed -

$lo,ooo,ooo

5,ooo,ooo

23,5oo, ooo

T. & M. WINTER, Agents "•: Newfoundland

^^> "~oo^ >r<xiw ^OsiJ« K2^30 i-v3sS>o 4-^SX) 6-^sx) C~JS5*0 R5^X) KS^ £vS^ «S^ K5^ KS^ K5^ KSS« £!

ITHE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY!

VOL. IV.— No. i.

JUNE, J904.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

Ris excellency Sir Caixndisb Boplc, K.Cfl>.6

Governor of PcwfoiiiKll.inU.

«****

SN the occasion of the appointment of His Excellency
to the Gubernatorial position of this the Most Ancient
Colony, M. A. P., than whom there is no better au-
thority in Great Britain, when speaking of the pro-
minent men of the Empire, naively discourses thus
of the subject of our sketch : —

" Sir Charles Cavendish Boyle is (writes my Colo-
nial correspondent) one of those level-headed colonial
officials who may be trusted never to hit the right nail

on the thumb. When a man goes out into the world with the

Carthusian hall-mark upon him

it is easy to speculate on the suc-
cessful side of his career. Put a

Carthusian into one of the deepest

holes and he will clamber his way

out somehow, as we have often

seen, before the genial Baden-
Powell gratified his old school-
mates by his heroic defence of

Mafeking. When on that black

St. Patrick's night in 1891, in the

roadstead at classic " Gib" the

emigrant - laden Italian vessel

Utopia went down, Cavendish

Boyle showed the mettle of his

pasture in more ways than one.

For his courage and resource on

that occasion he was cordially

thanked and honoured by the

then King of Italy, was especially

applauded by the Board of Trade,

and awarded the vellum certificate

of the Royal Humane Society."

SIR CAVENDISH BOYLE'S CAREER.

" A cadet of the fine old Irish
family whose titular head is the
Earl of Cork and Orrery, Caven-
dish Boyle in 1869, and in his
twentieth year, " Took a Stool"
in the Court of Probate, but for a
young man of his temperament
and energies this was no place,
and he soon shook the dust of it
from his shoes. The glamour of
romance still hung about the West
Indies, and while yet a young
man Boyle found himself acting

the Cadi under the palm-tree in the 'picturesque Leeward
Islands. As a Stipendiary Magistrate he was wise and fatherly ;
as a Coroner he sat on many black bodies; as an aimable gen-
tleman of old-fashioned courtliness he was loved by all — old and
young, white and black. Then he became Registrar Genaral in
Dominica, with a seat in the Legislative Council, and being
greedy for work, was made Inspector of Prisons, Master of the
Vice-Admiralty Court, and other things. In 1882 he was
translated from pleasant Dominica northward to the " vex'd
Bermoothes," where he worked as Colonial Secretary and a

SIR CAVENDISH BOYLE, K.C.M.G.

Member of the Legislative and Executive Councils for half
a dozen years. From Bermuda he was promoted to the Colonial
Secretaryship of Gibraltar, where he put in another six year$,
till he was appointed Government Secretary of British Guiana
in 1894. As training for the Governorship that has now very
properly come to him, Sir Cavendish Boyle on several occasions
was called upon to act as Governor of the prosperous " Sugar-
and-Mud'' Colony, and has well established his fitness for such
an office."

" A man of generous disposition, quick habit of decision, and
marked administrative talent, the new Governor of Newfound-
land is certain of popularity and
success. An all-round sportsman,
he will enjoy himself in the old
Atlantic Colony, and his character
is so well known that the New-
foundlanders are full of satisfac-
tion over his appointment. Sir
Cavendish Boyle is a young man
for his years, and before he is
done with the Colonial Depart-
ment must reach a high place
among our vice-regal represen-
tatives.''

AS GOVERNOR OF NEWFOUNDLAND

When the glorious tidings of
the settlement of the French
Treaties, were flashed far and
wide around our Island Home,
• ' the announcement was received
with greater pleasure, in all the
Outports as well as in the city,
~- j than any other announcement for
many a day. At a public meeting
in Channel convened immediately
on receipt of the good news, the
intelligent folk of that centre, in
public meeting assembled passed
a series of resolutions expressive
, of their approval, which voiced in
fitting terms the sentiments of the
people of the whole Island. One
of the resolutions read : —

" That in this hour of our triumph
' we recognize with gratitude the suc-
' cess achieved by our much loved
' Governor, His Excellency Sir Caven-
' dish Boyle, on his untiring efforts to
' benefit the condition of the inhabit-
" ants of this Newfoundland oi Ours, and we congratulate His Excellency
" on being so worthily His Majesty's representative at this historic period."

These are not only the sentiments of the hardy fishermen of
Channel, but those of the people, gentle and simple, of the whole
Island. Sir Cavendish has endeared himself to all with whom
he came in contact, and that would include nearly the whole
population. He has visited the principal outports, and met and
mixed with the people there. He has visited the sealing fleet
and received ovations from representative fishermen from the
North and the South, the East and the West ; the members of

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

the Royal Naval Reserve esteem him as personal friend ; and
the school children all over the Island imbibe lessons of Patriot-
ism daily in singing what has now been adopted as our National
Hymn, his pretty little poem — " Newfoundland."

As an official, he has been a worthy representative of Our
Sovereign Lord King Edward the Peacemaker. In an island
like this where politics are generally, in comparison with those
of the empire, merely parochial, and where party feeling at times
runs so very high, a Governor needs an unlimited stock of
patience and tact, so that he may not be identified with any
party or any section. We could not always boast of possessing
representatives, who would not get entangled in our local squab-
bles thus embittering all parties, but Sir Cavendish while doing
his duty fearlessly and efficiently, kept himself aloof from all
parties, and compelled their respect and esteem. As a sports-
man whether stalking the " head of heads" on Patrick's Marsh,
struggling with a fresh run salmon on the banks of the lordly
Huinber, angling for the festive sea trout in the noble Codroys ;
or in his charming pen pictures of either or all these pursuits
dear to the hearts of many a Newfoundlander, he has endeared
himself to all kindred spirits in the Island. Socially he and his
talented niece, Miss Adelaide Lane, have done much towards the
encouragement of the higher musical and dramatic culture of
our citizens, by their patronage and participation in such artistic
exhibitions and re-unions.

On all public occasions whenever he met the representative
Societies, the members of the Royal Naval Reserve, gatherings
of sealers, or the children of the schools, the lessons he incul-
cated were those of Patriotism, loyalty to the Empire and love for
our own Island Home. All his writings and speeches were
charged with these messages. In his poem, "Newfoundland,"
he has given the people a patriotic song, that is sung not only
by Newfoundlanders from Cape Spear to Cape Ray, but also
by many of our fellow countrymen in United States and Canada.
And long after his official acts are forgotten, he will be

" Still to sight and memory dear,"
through the medium of this patriotic little poem.

Sir Cavendish has been more fortunate than many of his pre-
decessors, inasmuch as during his regime, Newfoundland has
enjoyed a continuance of a term of unprecedented prosperity,
which has reached the climax in the settlement for all time, of
that vexed and ever-recurring cause of uneasiness — the French
Treaty Shore Question. It is true that

" Peace hath her victories, not less renowned than war,"
and when the history of this great victory of Peace is written, it
will be seen that Sir Cavendish Boyle played no laggard part.

While we rejoice in his promotion for his sake, we regret
it for our own. Personally he has been a consistent friend of
the QUARTERLY, and has aided by voice and pen our humble
effort to produce a magazine worthy of our Island Home. This
would be sufficient reason, if we had not the broader and higher
ones for wishing him God Speed ; and in expressing our own
sentiments we feel we are only voicing those of the whole
people, when we add the wish that he may be spared long and
rise yet higher on the list of those famous British men who have
done such brilliant work for the Empire and civilization. And
" Even so though his memory should now die away,
'Twill be caught up again, in some happier day
And the hearts and the voices of Av'lon prolong
Through the answering Future, his name and his song."

Co fiis Grace

the most Reo. m. ?. Bowles;, first flrcbbishop of neurtoundland.

1*0-0 AY our hearts beat high with rising pride
*• In thee bright son of Terra Nova's Isle ;
We hail thy exaltation with full tide
And flood of joy. Thy neffer-ceasing toil
Has wrought for beauty ever, till the smile
Of works well done proclaims on every side
Thy strong right hand, well chosen now to guide,
And deck thy Island Church with nobler wreath the while.
Long may Your Grace adorn thy native throne,

Be every year instarred with honors new,
While we thy people hail thee as our own

Soggarth Aroon ; with hearts e'er beating true ;
The poet, scholar, statesman, father, friend,
The Pallium fits thee well. God, years of glory send
St. John's, April 4th, ,904. 'D_ CARROLL_

i Vale. A

to furnish a contribution to the June
issue of this magazine, the above word
forces itself upon the writer in front of all
others as the subject ; and the contribution,
like the word, must be short. Farewell is
never an easy word to express and often it
****** is a sad one. It means, in its general ac-
ceptance, the prelude of a severance of ties which
have connected the individual with his environment
and the cutting of such strands, under whatever con-
ditions and in whatever circumstances, is an occasion,
whilst, whenever there has been a community of in-
terests, that occasion cannot be free from sadness.

In the present instance the word is written with
unfeigned regret, for it signifies to the writer the
termination of three very happy years in a land he
has learned to love right well, it means that he is
leaving a home, and it tells him that the hands
which have been held out to him since he entered
that home can no longer touch his own.

But in most events, if search be made, compen-
sations may be found, and, in this, there is one great
satisfaction, which is due to the knowledge that the
land is prospering, and that bright conditions exist,
and brighter prospects may be safely said to be in
store for those who will remain in that home.

To those, to the friends whom he is leaving be-
hind, and who will read this word after he has gone,
the writer, from .his heart, says fare-well, 'and he ven-
tures to repeat the prayer to which he heretofore
gave expression, and which he will always fully
mean, the prayer, and the hope, that God will ever
guard Newfoundland.

May, 1904. CAVENDISH BOYLE.

Che fioucrnor's poem.

To Hon. E. P. Morris, K.C., LL.D., President of Welcome Committee for

Old Home Week.

y^ VALON is calling you, calling o'er the main,
^ *• Sons of Terra Nova, shall she call in vain ?
Dwellers in the new land gather to her shore,
Gather in the old land, the homeland loved of yore.

All her strand shines golden 'neath the summer sheen,
All her hills show purple, all her fields are green,
All her woodland song-birds chant in joyous strain — •
To Avalon, to Avalon, welcome home again 1

Fleecy clouds are sweeping round the azure bowl,
Bays respond sonorous to Atlantic's tidal roll:
Newfoundland is calling, calling 'cross the main,
Children in the far lands, must she call in vain?

Belle Isle's northern foreland, Fortune's southern Bay,
{lumber's winding river, where the leaping salmon play;
Western shore-built hamlet, forest lake and plain
Join in kindred chorus, come to us again.

Avalon's heart lies open, will you say her nay ?
When she bids you welcome, will you stay away ?
Newfoundland is calling, calling o'er the main,
Sons of Terra Nova, can her call be vain ?

Children though you leave her, far away to roam,
All your tenderest yearnings point you back to home ;
All her voices echo, echo one refrain,
Newfoundland is calling, welcome home again.

CAVENDISH BOYLE.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

neutfoundland Dame-Core.

M. F. Howley, D.D.

XI.

r**

HE "run" between Fogo Island and the main land is
called on modern maps

"SIR CHARLES HAMILTON'S SOUND."

This name of course speaks for itself, being given
in honor of the well known Governor who ruled here
from 1818 to 1825. The name is altogether too
cumbersome. Hence it has never " taken hold."
If it had been called " Hamilton Sound" it would
doubtless have become popular, as " Hamilton Inlet" in Lab-
rador. I am not aware whether this latter is called from the
same Governor's name or not. I find no traces of it on any of
my ancient maps, or down to 1796. But the name Bay of the
Esquimaux seems to occupy the place. It is decidedly a mis-
take to give long and unwieldy names to places, as people will
never use them. We have another example in Sir John Hawley
Glover's Island, a name given to the island in Grand Lake. If
If it were called Glover Island it would soon become popular.
The very fine estuary of the

GANDER RIVER

flowing out of the lake of the same name makes it embouchure
into Hamilton Sound. This name is no doubt given in refer-
ence to the large number of wild geese which frequent the arm.
These magnificent birds migrate regularly every year, arriving
in our bays and fiords early in April just as the ice begins to
break up. They wait in large flocks in the open-water spaces,
until an unfailing instinct tells them that the ponds in the interior
are free from ice. They then take flight for the lakes where
they build and breed, returning again for the winter to the
Central and Southern States of America. This name might,
with propriety, be given to any of our bays or river mouths, but
it has been monopolized by this one for more than a hundred
years past. I find it on Cook's maps of 1784, and on the French
reproduction of them, translated as Baye des Jars.

Coming eastward from the outlet of Gander River we meet

RAGGED HARBOR.

This is one of those names which are to be found multiplied
many times all around our coast, and which call for the services
of the Nomenclature Committee. At the last meeting of that
body Mr. Woods, P.M.G., related " the adventures of a letter,"
which had been addressed to one of these harbours. After
several months, and most praiseworty efforts on the part of the
Postal officials, the correct destination of the letter was found.
The search was one that would have done credit to the Detective
Department of the London Post Office. Our officials, however,
were rewarded for their diligence by a furious onslaught for
their neglect and incapacity, and several broad-sides, in the
local press of St. John's. The origin of the name is quite
obvious. It is well described by Taverner. (English Pilot,
I755) * * * " Ragged Harbour is so called by reason of the
abundance of ragged and scraggy rocks which lie before and
within the harbour." There are many islands off the coast, one
of which is called

PENGUIN ISLAND.

This island is called from the well known sea-bird, now I believe
almost extinct but at one time very numerous on our coasts.

They are thus described by Taverner : " There is also another
thing to be taken notice of, by which -you may know when you
are on the Bank. I have read an author that says, in treating of
this coast, ' that you may know this by the great quantities of
fowls upon the Bank, viz. : Sheer-waters, Willocks, Noddles,
Gulls, and Penguins, &c.,' without making any exceptions, which
is a mistake, for I have seen all those fowls 100 leagues off this
Bank, the Penguins excepted. It's true that all these fowls are
seen there in great quantities, but none are to be minded so much
as the Penguins, for these never go without the Bank as the
others do, for they are always on it or within it, several of them
together, sometimes more, other times less, but never less than
two together. They are large fowls, about the bigness of a
goose, a coal-black head and back with a white belly, and
a milk-white spot under one of their eyes, which Nature has
ordered to be under the right eye, and extraordinary remarkable.
For my part I never saw any with such a spot under their left
eye, the figure of which I have here set down to facilitate the
knowledge of them." *

In connection with Penguin Island must be mentioned an-
other island about thirty miles to the north-east of it. It is
called at the present day

FUNK ISLAND,

or The Funks, a very ineuphonious name, but very expressive
as alluding to the offensive smell produced by the immense
masses of guano, deposited by the myriads of sea-birds which
constantly cover this island. It is a pity, however, that the
island lost its original, also quite expressive name of

BIRD ISLAND.

Under this name it appears on all the most ancient maps, trans-
lated into various languages according to the nationality of the
map. Thus on the Latin map it is marked Ares ; on the Span-
ish (as Majollo, 1527), Y tie Oceles ; on the Italian, Isola degli
Ucelli; on the French Isles aux Oiseaux. There is another
island in shore to the south-east of Cape Freels which must be
mentioned in connection with those two. On our modern maps
it is marked

CABOT ISLAND,

but on those of a little more remote date, as for instance, Page's
map, 1860, it called Stinking Island. The name is translated
on the French maps lies Puantes. It requires no explanation.
The origin being the same as that of the Funks. I find that on
the ancient maps these names are all given to the one group of
islands, the same as the Bird Islands. They were a well known
land-mark to the early navigators, being the objective point on
the outward voyage, and the point of departure for the home-
ward voyage. This was the point of land made for by Jacques
Cartier on his celebrated voyage of 1534, but owing to the ice
he was obliged to steer a little to the southward and enter
Catalina Harbor. He remained there ten days, and on the

* As the work of Taverner, from which I quote, is rather rare, and not at
the convenience of the general reader, I may say that a re-production of the
above-mentioned figures may be seen in Prowse's History, p. 283. The
learned Historian, however, calls them " The Great Auk." This is not
correct, as there is a great difference between the Auk and the Penguin.
The latter is of the family Aptenodytcs. The former of the Alcida. But
both of these families are non-flying birds, impennes, or ptilopteri. They
have wings short like flippers, without any quills, and covered with short
feathers almost resembling the fur of the seal or sea-lion, whereas the bird
shown by Taverner is a truejiycr, like the loon or wild goose.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

2ist of May he left Catalina and steered northwardly "*
as far as the Isle of Birds (Title des ouaiseaulx) which was com-
pletely surrounded by broken ice." Notwithstanding this he
sent boats ashore for birds, " of which there is a great number,
which is a thing incredible to one who has not seen it. Although
the island is about a league in circumference, yet it seemed as
if it were covered with snow or hoar-frost. Besides the birds
perched on the island, there are hundreds of others in the water
around it and in the air above. Some are as large as geese,
black and white (no doubt the Penguins— |M.F.H.), and they
have the beak like a crow and they are always in the sea, not
being able to fly in the air, for they have only small wings; but
with these they can go very quickly in the sea, and they are
wonderfully fat. We call them Apponatz. We took a boat load
of them in less than half an hour, just as we would take beach-
stones, and each of our ships salted four or five pipes of them."
In his voyage of the following year (1535) Cartier made directly
for this Bird Island, and arrived there on the yth July. He
again speaks of the enormous quantity of birds, and says that
" all the ships of France might easily load there, and one would
not perceive that any had been taken away. We took two boat-
loads as part of our victuals."

The only survival, I believe, of this beautiful, expressive and
historic name of '• Bird Island" is the settlement of " Bird Island
Cove" off Cape Bonavista, and some one afflicted with this new
name changing mania, has attempted to have it abolished and
supplanted by the trite and meaningless name of Brighton. The
Nomenclature Committee, however, have put their veto upon
this change, and the old name is to be retained.

I will close this number by alluding to the very prominent
and important point

CAPE FREELS,

which forms the northern headland of Bonavista Bay. This
name, under various forms and spellings, is found on all the
earliest maps, at least as far back as the first quarter of the
XVI. Century. Thus it appears on the map of Majollo, 1527.
It is metamorphosed into Feraulois; on Verazzano, 1528, it ap-
pears as P. de Selius ; on Kiberos, 1529, Ya tie Freelius ; on
Rot's map, 1542, /. de Freilis. On the Harleyan map of 1542
and Descelier's of 1553 we have Ya. de Freilis; on De Laet's,
1630, Ihlas de Fra Leois ; on Friend's map, 1713, I. de P'rillis;
on T. Cour Lotter's. 1720, Point S. Gillis seems intended for it.
On Cook's maps, 1774. it appears as we spell it now — C. Freels,
and on the French copy of Cook, C. Freel. It seems to have
puzzled the early cartographers. It is in reality a Breton name,
and shows the early occupation of this shore by those fishermen
long previous to Carder's time. The proper spelling is Cape
Frehel, or Frehale. It is the name of a cape near St. Malo in
Brittany, at the entrance to the Bay of S. Brieuc. Another
point of the Newfoundland coast, the most southerly point of the
Island, between Cape Pine and St. Shots, also bears this same
name, showing that it was a popular name among the Bretons.

& Re-Kindled. «*

By D. Carroll..

^"\NLY a blackened chink the rocks among,

^^ Yet 'tis a picture eloquent to me,

Each dry and blackened ember hath a tongue
Attuned to stir the depths of memory ;

Its magic maketh live again my young

And gladsome friends, their faces now I see,
The joyous hills re-echo with their glee,

I hear their laughter gay, the merry songs they'd sung.

Now scattered long, to many a clime and far,

Is the glad group that filled that summer's day
With music, love and laughter, till the star
Of evening sank across the moonlit bay,
,put they are coming home, the thousands say,
The exiled sons and daughters of our land,
And in each loved " Old Home" in Newfoundland

This cry is rising clearer day by day ;
" Come to thy home, to Terra Nova come,
The land with open arms is shouting WELCOME HOME.'

3ames 3* DKflulifft

THE accompanying reproduction is from a recent photograph of Jas. j.
McAuliffe (Artist), Everett, Mass., who is a prominent member of
the Cabot Club of Boston and the Old Home Week Committee. Born in
6t. John's, Newfoundland, in the year 1848, he learned the trade of sail-
making in his native town. He emigrated to Boston in the year 1866, and
studied art at the Lowell Institute and at the South Boston School of Art,
also with Prof. Bartlett, the Principal of the Massachusetts Normal Art
School, and with Marcheal Johnson, the celebrated marine artist. He
exhibited his work at all the principal exhibitions in Boston and in other
cities. Some of the finest collections in the Slate of Massachusetts con-
tain marine pictures from the studio of McAuliffe. His celebrated marine
picture — U. S. Ship Constitution, otheiwise known as "Old Iron Sides"—
chased by a British squadion in 1812, was purchased by the City of Everett,
and now hangs in the Public Library of that city. Mr. McAuliffe has been
a teacher of art in Boston and Everett for several years. He visited Saint
John's in the summer of 1874 with an excursion party from Boston and
New York on the s.s. Verge; and again visited the Old Home in 1899 and
exhibited the picture "Ecce Homo" at the T. A. Hall, which now
hangs in the west aisle of the R. C. Cathedral. In political matters, in his

JAMES j. MCAULIFFE

adopted country, he has always been affiliated with the Democratic party, and
for several years has been Secretary of the Democratic Committee. He served
the City of Everett, as Trustee of the Public Library for five years. He
is also a member of several fraternal organizations, among which are the
Knights of Columbus and the Order of Foresters. Mr. McAuliffe lectured
on " The Ancient Colony" at People's Temple, Boston, in 1902, and again
in 1903, and received unstinted praise from the press and people. Under
the auspices of the Cabot Club he lectured at the above place May 4, 1904,
on the same subject, giving an account of the principal events in the history
of the country. Most of the material for this lecture was collected by Mr.
McAuliffe while on a visit to Newfoundland in 1899, and the pictures were
selected under his supervision. We herewith give the Program, showing
some interesting features introduced in his last lecture : CONCERT, 8 p.m.
Tenor Solo, "The New Born King," Mr. Joseph Dempsey ; Bass Solo,
" My own Leonora "; Soprano Solo, " Waiting," Millard ; Tenor Solo,
"Greeting," Dr. Easterbrook : Duet, from Marilana '• Sainted Mother,"
Mme. Wyse-Fournier, Mrs. Chester Wallace; Grand Solo and Chorus,
the Inflammatus Pupils of Wyse-Fournier School of Opera, Solo by Mme.
Wyse-Fournier. LECTURE, 9 p.m., by James J. McAuliffe; ist view:
"Home Sweet Home," by the Choir. The interiors of the principal
churches were shown, accompanied by the following music : — Cower Street
Methodist Church, '• Old Hundred"; Church of England Cathedral, " Lead
Kindly Light "; Roman Catholic Cathedral, "Adeste Fideles ; " Presby-
terian Church, " Nearer. My God, to Thee."

6
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5
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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Rcnouation of tbe CatlKdrah

g*W*gHt first move in the interior renovation of the Cathe-

» MV ft

dral was the

of the hiah flltar,

This was a very difficult and delicate undertaking.
The work was commenced on April yth, 1902, and
the completion of the work and the consecration and
placing of the magnificent marble table-slab took
place on February 7th, 1903, that is to say ten
months after the commencement of the work. The whole of
this time, however, was not occupied in work. As soon as the
immense basement of solid mason-work was completed, it was
allowed to " settle" for some months. The actual work of taking
down the Altar and re-building it commenced on Sept. gth,
1902, so that it occupied exactly five months. The work was
one that required extreme caution and unusual engineering
skill. The grand Baldachino rises above the Altar in the form
6f a triumphal arch of purest Grecian architecture delicately
poised on light monolithic granite columns. Upon the pediment
is a group of angels supporting a cross, at a height of over fifty
feet above the floor. Some of the stones composing this group
weighed over two tons. They were removed and replaced with-
out the slightest hitch or accident, under the skilful management
of Jonas C. Barter, Cathedral Architect. The Altar now stands
about seven feet further back than; formerly. This gives a mag-
nificent spacious Sanctuary in which the grand ceremonial of
the Catholic Church can be carried out with all its dignity and
decorum.

The Altar is now actually in the site originally intended, as
shown on the plans of the Cathedral. A marble slab with an
inscription commemorative of the event has been inserted by
His Grace the Archbishop in the basement of the Altar. We
give here a copy of the Inscription with Translation.

D. O. M.

ALTARE HOC MAIVS

D. IOAN BAPT. NOMINE DICATUM.

PROPRIO SITVI ADMOfUM.

IN MELIOREM FORMAM REDACTUM

MARMOREA MENSA ADAVCTUM

SOLEMNI RITU CONSECRAVIT

M. F. HOWLEY, EPUS SCTI IOAN, T.N.

ANNO EPISCOPATUS XI. SAL MDCDIII.

; VII. ID. FEB.
" Ego confirmavi columnas ejus." — PS. LXXXiv-8.

( Translation.)

TO GOD GREATEST AND BEST.

This High Altar

Dedicated in the name of St. John the Baptist.
Having been removed to its proper position.

Being rebuilt in better form

and adorned with a marble table.

M. F. Howley, Bishop of St. John's, Nfld.

Consecrated with solemn rite

in the i ith year of his Episcopate

of our Salvation, 1903,

on the yth of February.

" I have strengthened thy columns." — Ps. 84, v. 8.

Che Renovation of the Ceiling.

Tiia C ithedral, being built in the style of the Roman renais-
sance, has a flit ceiling supported by an elaborate cornice.
This latter, though not altogether in perfect classical style, has
nevertheless a very imposing appearance. It consists of a freize,
with sunken coffers, intersected by florid, acanthus-leaved mo-
dilh'ons. These support a heavy moulding, over which is a cove,
the opening of which — nearly three feet wide — is filled in with
a vine-like tendril highly ornamented. Above this again ;s
another deep moulding, and lying on the suffit of the ceiling are
ornamental foliages of acanthus and lotus alternately. The'
whole width of this cornice is thirteen feet, and the effect is
striking and beautiful..

Up to the present time the whole surface of the ceiling was
one great plain, unbroken except fof the six massive center-
pieces. His Grace the Archbishop determined to enrich the
surface by paneling and coffering it, after the style of the
Greater Roman Basilicas. It was not as easy a matter as might
at first appear. The main principals or stringers supporting the
roof, and on which the ceiling joists were laid, could not of
course be touched or interfered with, and these had to be taken
into account and wrought into the plan of the paneling. This
was done by making mock beams running longitudinally, and
by raising the joists eighteen inches, The stiles were so ar-
ranged as to correspond with the beams, and thus a neat and
symmetrical design was secured with a sinkage of eighteen
inches for the panels, which average about eight feet square, and
have double sets of mouldings representing fleui-de-lys and
egg-and-dart divided by fillets. In the center of each panel is
a rosette design of acanthus and lotus alternately. The panels
are rounded at the corners, thus giving a circular space at the
intersections of the stiles, in Which are smaller moulded centers,
each containing a globe with *; thirty-two candle-power incan-
descent electric bulb. The large center-pieces, as well as the
cornice all round the building, are also set with electric lights,
the number in all being about 350 bulbs.

On account of the Cruciform style of the church a special
design had to be adopted for the great square at the intersec-
tions of the aisle and transepts. This was arranged in the form
of twelve large panels radiating from the great center-piece,
giving coffres about twelve f^et long, in which it is intended by-
and-bye to have frescoes of the Apostles. The whole effect of
this new embellishment, spreading as it does over a vast area,
is truly magnificent, and when lit up by the glow of sparkling
jets of the electric bulbs is almost fairylike ; yet its gigantic pro-
portions and massive solidity and its great perspective dis-
tances, prevent anything like lightness or frivolity, and produce
a sense of awe and solemnity elevating the mind to a high pitch
of devotion and religious exaltation.

The work at the new floor, which is to be of maple-wood
worked in parquet design in the alley between the pews. The
pews are in golden finished oak, with open ends, and are de-
signed according to the prominent features of the building. It
is not exaggerating to say that there is nothing on this side of
the Atlantic that can at all compare with this grand edifice ; and
even in the first capitals of Europe it is not easy to find a build-
ing superior to it in its general features. It is to be hoped that
His Grace may be enabled to carry out his designs for the em-
bellishment of the interior with costly marbles, guilding and
fresco painting.

fHE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

pro Fide ct floalonia/'

Itewfoundland a new flrcbbisbopric.

St. John's a metropolitan See.

By Rev. J. A. O'Reilly, D.D.

ITJRING the Paschal Season of this year, 1904, intel-

Dligence came from Rome that sent a thrill of gladness
jj throughout all Newfoundland. It announced a "gift
? from the Royal Pope coming over the purple sea,"
a " Pledge from Rome of Rome's undying love," and
was in effect this : that His Lordship Right Rev.
Michael Francis Howley, Bishop of St. John's, had
been appointed by the Holy See Archbishop of the
newly created ecclesiastical Province of Newfound-
land, which now includes the Archdiocese of Saint
John's and the Suffragan Dioceses of Harbor Grace and Saint
George's. The latter has been changed from a Vicariate to a
Diocese — the first Bishop of the new See being the Right Rev.
Neil McNeil. The antiquity
of the Diocese of St. John's
relatively to the Dioceses of
the New World, and the posi-
tion of St. John's as the Seat
of Government and Commer-
cial Capital of the Island,
were no doubt considered by
the Sacred Congregation of
Propaganda in moving for
the erection of the new Arch-
diocese. It is now over one
hundred years since the ar-
rival of our pioneer Bishop —
the Rev. Doctor O'Donel — a
missioner of Apostolic mould
and a Prelate whose name
still sounds stirring to the
Catholics of Newfoundland.
Since that time the city of
St. John's has had a marvel-
ous development. Rome' was
not finished in a day ; neither
was our own Metropolis. But
for the past half hundred
years the " City by the Nar-
rows" has so grown in all its
Institutions — social, political,
educational and religious —
that Newfoundlanders who
have been abroad and return
always express surprise at the
evidence of expansion. But
not alone the prominence of
Saint John's as the Island
Capital was considered, for
there was also in view the
eminent service to the Church
of His Lordship Bishop
Howley.

The Archbishop is now
some years beyond the silver

jubilee of his priesthood, and in all these the years of his Sacred
Ministry (over thirty) he has done yeoman work for the ecclesi-
astical advancement of Newfoundland. As a missionary in the
southern and western outports; as a Bishop in St. John's; as a
writer of our ecclesiastical annals ; as a preacher, a lecturer and
a poet; a social leader, an architect and an antiquary; his
motto has ever been " Pro Fide et Avalonia"—' Faith and
Fatherland."

The Restoration of the Cathedral and the completion of the
young ladies' Academy at Littleclale are foremost amongst the
manifold tangible results of the Bishop's zeal for religion and
education. These were literally colossal undertakings, but the
Bishop pushed them through so rapidly that many did not realize

HIS GRACE THE MOST REV. M. F. HOWLEY, D.D.

that the work was even begun when it was finished. The Arch-
bishop is not only a church builder and an educationalist ; he is
also, and has ever been, a missionary. As such it has been his
part to traverse the coasts of Newfoundland afoot or in sailboat,
and to learn by personal proof the various vicissitudes of times
and tides to which the church worker in this ocean-fronted
Island is ever subject. The snow-crusted barrens and the ice-
strewn bays have been by turn the scenes of his labors, there-
fore has he a most practical knowledge of the various localities
all around our shores — over which Rome has named him Chief
Pastor. As a Missionary he has labored incessantly in the con-,
fessional, the sanctuary and the pulpit, but the work so done
has been essentially of the spiritual order, and its results cannot

be catalogued or appraised
by ordinary standards.
The Archbishop was born in
1843, and the following table
of biographical events will
give an idea of His Grace's
progress as a churchman. It
will be observed that he
brings to the discharge of
his new office a vast and
varied ecclesiastical experi-
ence.

mosr.iphic.il figures.

1857 — Entered St. Bonaven-
ture's College then first
opened. Previously a
student of Nugent's
Academy; aged 14.
1863 — Went to Rome, enter-
ing Propaganda as an
Ecclesiastical student ;
aged 20.

1868— Ordained a Priest,
and went to Scotland as
Secretary to Most Rev.
Dr. Ayre. Stationed in
the Western Highland
District for 15 months.
1870 — Returned to Rome
with Archbishop Ayre.
Was present on the oc-
casion of the Declaration
of the Dogma of Papal
Infallibility by Pope
Pius IX. Also assisted
in 'Rome in the same
year at the Consecrea-
tion of His Lordship
Rt. Rev. Thomas Joseph
Power, with whom he
returned to Newfound-
land, arriving in September, 1870. He was then stationed
for some years at St. John's Cathedral. He next proceeded
to the Harbor Breton Mission, remaining there about three
years ; and then returned to St. John's, where he remained
until appointed to West Newfoundland.
1886 — Made Prefect Apo.-,tolic of St. George's, with jurisdiction

over the "Treaty Shore."

1892 — Consecrated Bishop in St. John's and made Vicar Apos-
tolic of St. George's. Consecrating Prelate, Right Rev.
Dr. Power; Preacher, Archbishop O'Brien. Assistant
Prelates — Right Rev. Dr. McDonald, of Harbor- Grace,
and Right Rev. Dr. McDonald, of Charlottetown.
1894 — Appointed Bishop of St. John's in succession to Right

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Rev. Dr. Power. Installed on the Feast of St. Peter's
Chair at Antioch.

1904 — Named by Holy See Archbishop of the Ecclesiastical
Province of Newfoundland. Letters of Appointment pub-
lished at the Cathedral on Easter Sunday.

The foregoing figures are the leading dates in the career of a
Prelate who is known, with distinction, wherever the name of
Newfoundland has reached. That he is a great and patriotic
Newfoundlander is the united testimony of his countrymen at
home and accross the seas ; that he is a great church worker is
proven by results achieved ; and that he is a great ecclesiastical
Ruler and Statesman is shown by the fact that the traditional
wisdom of Rome has placed the Catholic Church of Newfound-
land under his jurisdiction.

Amongst the many local congratulatory tributes paid the new
Archbishop let us quote with pride and pleasure that given him
by our late Govenor Sir Cavendish Boyle, one of the most uni-
versally respected and popular Representatives of Royalty that
this or indeed any other country in the Empire has ever had.
His Excellency in the course of a speech delivered at a farewell
banquet given in his honour in the Archipiscopal Palace spoke
as follows : —

" Gentlemen, we have been privileged to witness and to rejoice in a very
important event, a very high and historically important occurrence, namely:
the elevation of this See into an Archbishopric ; and upon no shoulders could
that mantle of distinction more worthily have fallen than upon those of
our kind and gracious host, in whose palace we have met, whose lavish
hospitality we have so thoroughly enjoyed to-night. In this beautiful hall,
the work, if not of his own hands at least of his gifted mind and utiring and
artistic energy, we have, as his grateful guests, but one united feeling of
satisfaction for the distinction which has come to him, for the honour
which has been won by his merit for the whole of that large portion of the
community who are numbered as his flock, an honour which will be recog-
nized and shared by thousands who are not so numbered. For I know,
gentlemen, know from the experience of the past three years, that consist-
ently and persistently has His Grace Archbishop Howley worked for the
prosperity of the whole people, and has, without ceasing, advocated the
soundest of all policies, namely: that of a joining of all hands in the work
for the common weal. And that is the truest and the soundest and the
highest labour to which any man can turn his hand. On all occasions has
His Grace been the ardent advocate of unity of purpose and peaceful action;
and, therefore, I say, and say with conviction, that my addition of this
fouith event is a proper one for me to make, and I assert that to have wit-
nessed it during my stay among you makes me very glad and very proud."

The appointment of the new Archbishop had been for some
time expected. The arrival of the following letter, sent by His
Eminence Cardinal Gotti, showed that " Rome had spoken, and
that the question was decided."

MOST ILLUSTRIOUS AND REVEREND LORD, —

It is pleasing to me to send to Your Grace, herewith, the Apostolic
Letters by which an Ecclesiastical Hierarchy is erected in the island of
Newfoundland, St. John's bjing constituted the Metropolitan See, and the
Vicarite Apostolic of St. George's being erected into a diocese.

Herewith, I aslo send the Apostolic Letters by which Your Grace is
named the first Archbishop of the new Metropolitan See of St. John's,
and the Right Reverend Neil McNeil is appointed to the new See of St.
George's. I will also send, herewith, the sheets of the faculties which are
granted both to yourself and to the two suffragan Bishops.

Your Grace, will please transmit to the respective Prelates the documents
intended for them.

As regards yourself, by these presents is conceded the faculty of performing
what are called the "greater functions," even before the reception of the
Archiepiscopal Pallium. The Sacred Congregation of Propaganda will
take care to postulate tl.e Pallium in the next Consistory. I hope then
that the establishment of an Ecclesiastical Hierarchy in your Island, as it
adds new glory to the Catholic Religion, will also promote a new increase
of the same, and provide a plentiful harvest of spiritual fruits.

I the meantime, I avail of this occasion to wish you every joy and happi-
ness, and to pray that God may long preserve you safe and sound in the
possession of your new dignity.

Your Grace's most faithful servant,
[Sgd.] FRA. H. M. CARDINAL GOTTI, Prefect.

The publication of the above letter appealed at once to the
religious spirit of Newfoundland. The people in the three
Dioceses of the new Province felt equally honoured in the eccle-
siastical distinction conferred on the whole Island by the action
of the Sacred Congregation of Propaganda. The raising of St.
John's to an Archdiocese reminded the country of the church-
work which has been in progress here for upwards of two cent-
uries. It reminded it of the great Apostolic efforts of Bishop
O'Donel; it recalled the zeal of Bishops Lambert and Scallan ;
the church building enterprize of Rt. Rev. Dr Fleming; the
Statesmanship and intellectual gifts of Bishop Mullock, and the

ceremonial splendor and far reaching educational efforts of
Bishop Power. It seemed an augury of future success that
Archbishop Howley inheriting all the traditions of a long and
illustrious line of Prelates and gifted besides with those qualifi-
cations which go to the making of the great churchman should
have been called by Rome to this great office. As regards
Newfoundland, its erection into an ecclesiastical Province seems
to herald the advent of the new day and to signify that :
" The Star of the West shall yet rise in its glory,
And that land which was darkest be brightest in story."
The new Archbishop has already received hundreds of congra-
tulations and his appointment has called forth universal enthu-
siasm. On this occasion, and in the name of the many readers
of THE NFLD. QUARTERLY, may we not venture to felicitate
St. John's, Harbor Grace and St. George's on the fact that they
are now combined in one unified ecclesiastical Province ? May
we not also extend our special congratulations to His Grace
the Archbishop of St. John's; to the zealous and beloved Bishop
of Harbor Grace — Rt. Rev. Dr. McDonald : and to the new
Bishop of St. George's — the esteemed Dr. McNeil on the new
honor conferred on Newfoundland by the venerated successor
of St. Peter ?

Rome, the scource of ecclesiastical honours and the fountain
of ecclesiastical jurisdiction, has placed on the brows of our
Island Church its crowning glory. The Holy See has thus
given our country a new proof of the solicitude with which she
watches over the nations of the world.

" Breathes there a man with soul so dead.
Who never to himself hath said

CMs is l»p Own 0)p Patioc Cand"

K'VE heard thy call dear " Avalon,"

Sweet HOME across the sea!
Fram'd in such touching accents

By him,* from shores of Lee !
An exile's dream is painted —

An exile's passions sung —
And love of home and country

From every period flung!
We've heard thee call, dear " Avalon"-

It haunts us in our dreams !
Thy fir-crown'd hills, thy rugged shores,

Thy fern-fring'd lakes and streams !
And mid this Babel's turmoil

We long for each dear scene,
And with an exile's yearning

Would bridge the sea between !
We've heard thy call dear " Avalon !"

Old homeland, pure and sweet,
Back to thy hills defiant

Blue ocean at their feet !
We'll answer then, MAVOURNEEN ;

We'll come across the sea!
To mem'ries fond and tender,

And dreams that vanished be I
• * * * * . *

We'll miss some hearts to greet us

In the old land, we trow —
From sacred graves of mem'ry

Lov'd voices, soft and low : —
But round the um immortal

Some radiance still shall shine,
'Twill greet us in a " WELCOME,"

And thrill with " AULD LANG SYNE."

Now freedom's breath inspires thee,

No alien claims thy shore —
From fetter'd fangs we greet thee,

Our own forever more 1
An exile's dream is granted —

An exile's passion sung —
And love of home and country

From every heart is flung. — E. C.

*Our recent well-loved Governor Sir Cavendish Boyle, K.C.M.G., who wrote the beautiful
poem to the home-comers, " Avalon is Calling."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

[P/wto by Prof. JMlmviiy.}

TWILLINGATE.

fl Cribute to Sir Robert Bond*

By D. Carroll.

*TpHE wave of enthusiasm that swept over Newfoundland, when
it was announced that the French Shore question had been
*£ settled, that a canker of two centuries standing had been
removed — and removed forever — stands without parallel.
The wildest excitement reigned, and the gratitude of Newfound-
land to her patriotic Premier — Sir Robert Bond — found gener-
ous expression. Press and people vied to do him honour.
Through the length and breadth of the land the wires sang
with messages of praise ; a new vigour thrilled the people ; a
sense of shackles thrown aside prevailed ; and Terra Nova stood
erect in stately strength and pride, a victor over the darkest
phase of her " historic misfortunes." The following poem
was composed on the occasion above refered to and speaks for
itself. Twillingate, the district of Sir Robert's special care, is
foremost in her congratulations to her distinguished representa-
tive. The accompanying picture represents Twillingate proper,
the principal town of the District, and " Metropolis of the North."

CHEER, for the reign of the Frenchman is ended
'Long the great coast from St. John to' Cape Ray ;

Cheer for the man who has rendered each bay to us
Free and untrammeled, forever and aye.

BOND! not a name in our colony's story,
Statesman or patriot, thine can eclipse :
Every flag raise to him,
Shout from the bays to him —
Thunder our praise to him — guns, hearts and lips.

Fling out the free sail, ye skiffs heavy laden,
Aliens no more in your safe havens stand

Leeward or windward, to shelter or trade in,
Harbor and inlet are yours to command.

Cheer Newfoundland with thy girdle of ships, —

Every crew of ye, every man,
Lusty-lunged thunder let burst from your lips

Wake the whole coast, to its norther-most span.

Cheer — ev'ry river that's rushing to westward,

Leaps with a greater delight on its way ;
Cheer — ev'ry full tide that comes to the Freed Shore

Sweeps with a joy to the arms of each bay.

Long hath our toilers been harassed and driven, .„

Sorely and long was our loyalty tried,
Now comes the crown by our Empire given,

Spread the glad news of it, swift, far and wide.

Cheer for this saving boon so long denied to her,
Cheer that we've seen it accomplished with pride to her,
Cheer so each heart which has e'er been allied to her

Catch the wild strain of it borne on the breeze ;
Cheer for the statesman who've been a true guide to her:

Cheer for our Island Home — Queen of her Seas.

Grand day of history, down thro' the years
Glad generations shall hail it with pride(
With this brave name placed in honour beside,

Full in the flame of it,

Bright with the fame of it,
ROBERT BOND, boast of his land and compeers.

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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

** Clx O'Donel Memorial Rail.

By James M. Kent, B.A., K.C.

K**i

the month of February, 1906, the Benevolent Irish
Society will celebrate the One Hundreth Anniversary
of its foundation. It is proposed by the Society and
its friends and admirers, to honour the event in a
manner suited to the occasion and in keeping with its
glorious records and traditions. When the centenary
year comes round a time will be devoted to jubiliation
and rejoicing, and the great deeds and illustrious names that
brighten the pages of its history will be brought prominently
before men's minds. This is as it should be. No institution in
•this Colony deserves more honour and gratitude from our people
than does this venerable Society. It has been the pioneer of
our social, charitable and intellectual advance ever since, and
long previous to, the time when the Colony developed a definite
political existence. In the beginning of the last century the
people of the Colony made their first efforts to build up, for
their protection and comfort, those various institutions which
form the great help-mates to civilization. Previously religi-
; ous intolerance, self interest and prejudice had combined their
harmful influences to create discord amongst the residents and
to destroy all attempts to establish a settled government in the
: Island. With the opening years of the New Century a better
. feeling prevailed, brought about partly by a more intimate know-
ledge of the country and its resources, and still more by a relaxa-
tion of those cruel penal laws which disgraced the annals of the
previous century, and an effort was made to ameliorate the sad
condition of affairs which existed, and to draw the inhabitants into
a closer bond of citizenship. Foremost amongst the champions in
this struggle to elevate the life of the people were the Irish immi-
grants who forced by persecution and injustice to fly from home
had sought in Newfoundland an Asylum in which they might
enjoy security and rest. These immigrants found in their new
home men of their own race, such as Bishop O'Donel, Lieut.-
Col. John Murray and Jas. McBraire, with warm and generous
Celtic enthusiasm, striving to improve the temporal, moral and
social condition of the inhabitants. It is to this generous spirit
of benevolence that the Benevolent Irish Society owes its origin.
It has been said that all History is development. This is true
to a pre-eminent degrees of the history of the Benevolent Irish
Society, it was erected by its noble founders upon " firm prin-
ciples of loyalty, true benevolence and philantrophy " and its
history has been a steady development of these eternal princi-
ples. At the time of its foundation the most pressing claims on
its resources were those which arose from material distress. A
system of charitable relief was devised for the purpose of caring
for orphan or neglected children, for helping the aged, the
infirm and distressed and for encouraging the industrious.
Some twenty years later when other institutions, of more recent
origin, had lessened the burdens of the Society in this direction,
it was resolved to devote its energies mainly to educating the
poor children of the city. A grant was obtained from the
Imperial Government of the land on which St. Patrick's Hall
now stands. The old "Orphan Asjlum" was erected in the
year 1827, and schools were opened there in the same year.
This building will be remembered by most of the citizens of
St. John's. It was one of the finest buildings in the city at the
time and was built entirely of wood. It is thus described by
His Grace Archbishop Howley in his " Ecclesiastical History
'of Newfoundland."

" It had some pretensions to architecture, having a- fanciful
" central tower and portico called 'The Observatory.' It was
" at the time of its erection considered one of the neatest
" buildings in the city and was much admired by the typical
" ' Out-Harbour Man ' on his annual visit to the Capital. The
" upper portion of the building the grand banqueting Hall,

" where for half a century sons of St. Patpick held their yearly
" dinners, balls and reunions. The lower portion of the build-
" ing was devoted to teaching of poor children." In this build-
ing the schools of the Society were carried on for over fifty years.
Originally non-denominational, the teaching in the schools early,
by the exertions of Bishop Fleming, became denominational and
Catholic. The Society itself although remaining non-sectarian
in theory had long previously become in reality a Catholic Body.
The teaching was conducted by lay teachers with the exception
of a short interval from 1847 to 1853 when it was under the
direction of a Branch of the Brothers of the Order of St. Francis
from Galway, until the introduction of the Christian Brothers
fom Ireland in 1876.

The arrival of the Christian Brothers gave fresh life to the
schools, and in a very few years the effect of their work was
felt throughout the whole educational system in the Colony.
The Christian Brothers were and are recognised throughout
the world as being among the first educators of the day.
What they have done for the lifting up and improvement of
their youthful charges is well known to the people of Newfound-
land and to others who have followed their progress in Ireland
and in foreign lands where the Brothers have established them-
selves. For themselves or their work they seek no earthly praise
or pay. Their only recompense is the success of their charit-
able mission and to see their boys turn out good, sober and
industrious citizens.

This union of the Society and the Brothers is a singularly
happy one. Brought into existence about the same time and
for the same object, namely, the elevation of the children of the
poor from the utter neglect and degradation in which the cruel
penal laws of the eighteenth century had forced them, they
united their purpose in this city to its everlasting profit and
advantage.

When the Brothers settled to their work the old " Orphen
Asylum," through age and lack of proper accomadation, was
found unsuited to the new conditions. It was accordingly deter-
mined to erect a more spacious and modern building. This
resolve soon took definite form. Subscriptions came in gener-
ously, and in the year 1880 St. Patrick's Hall was completed and
school opened there by the Brothers. Everyone in the city is
familiar with St. Patrick's Hall. It is one of our most striking
buildings. Standing immediately under the Cathedral, it can be
seen from every part of the city and harbour. It was designed
almost exclusively with a view to school accommodation. The
class rooms were planned under the directions of the Christian
Brothers on highly scientific principles to obtain the very best
method of securing the health and comfort of the numerous
scholars who attend there. To effect this the building had to
bp narrowed and the large hall upstairs made less spacious than
it otherwise would have been, but this drawback is more than
compensated for in the lightsome, airy and healthy class rooms
in which the schools are conducted.

After twenty-five years of prosperous life these class rooms
are found to be too small to satisfy the ever increasing demand
for admission to the schools. The centenary of the Society is
approaching and the members have determined to mark the
occassion by adding to the number of their schools. They will
erect a new building on the grounds of the Society which, while
it will provide sufficient space to meet all applicants for admis-
sion to the schools of the Brothers, will also stand as a loving
tribute to the memory or the earliest benefactor and friend of
the Society. The new building will be erected to the memory
of the late Bishop O'Donel, the pioneer, the first Bishop and
organizer of the Catholic Church in Newfoundland and the
great apostle of education, religion and charity in the Island.
It will be located to the Eastward of and adjoining St. Patrick's
Hall and will contain at least two class rooms of the same style
and proportions as those in the Hall itself. A room will also be

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

aside for technical education, where the boys will be taught the
use of mechanical tools, and learn to respect manual labour and
to engage therein with skill and success, if such be their lot in
life. The building will be neat and handsome, will be tastefully
designed by one of the best architects in the city, and be known
as " The O'Donel Memorial Hall " in honour of the good
Bishop.

The movement is meeting with a most generous support from
the members and friends, and promises to equal, if not exceed,
the many noble works accomplished in the past by this Society.
The enthusiasm with which the project was taken was shown at
the meeting of the Society at which the undertaking was deter-
mined upon when no less than $5,380.00 were subscribed in less
than one hour. The work is now well commenced. A most
energetic Committee has charge of it, and the first earth was
broken and the undertaking blessed by His Grace Archbishop
Howley on Wednesday, 2oth day of April last. The laying of
the foundation stone will take place during the Spring with be-
coming ceremony and the formal opening will be an event in
the Centenary Celebration of the Society in the year 1906.

In deciding to erect this new hall to the memory of the good and
saintly Bishop O'Donel the members of the Society have shown
a wise and just appreciation of the foundation and history of
the Institution. Any one who reads the story of the formation
of the body and is at all familiar with local circumstances at that
time must know that were it not for the good will and co-oper-
ation of the Bishop the Society could not have been established
on the safe and permanent basis upon which it was erected.
His aid and assistance was solicited from the very first. At the
first meeting of the promoters, before any plan or modus oper-
andi was decided on it was resolved " to consult with Right
" Revd. Dr. O'Donel and others whose local knowledge of this
country could best inform them" of the line they ought to
pursue. In writing to Chief Justice Tremlett on February i2th,
1806 to inform him, as Chief Magistrate, of the institution and
objects of the Society, the founders cite Bishop O'Donel as
being practically sponsor for the Society. He recommended it
to the members of his congregation and exhorted them to
support it by every means in their power. When the constitu-

tion was adopted and the first officers elected on iyth February,
1806. Bishop O'Donel occpuied the chair, and having thus
watched over and completed the organization of the Society, he
sent it forth on its career under the sanction of his episcopal
approval and good will. He was made a permanent honourary
Member of the Committee of Charity, at that time the most
active Committee connected with the Society. When he left
this country in July, 1807, he had the satisfaction to see his fav
orite institution already firmly implanted in the hearts of citizens
of every denomination and nationality. The members were not
forgetful of the great services he had rendered to the Society
and on the eve of his departure the President by the unanimous
instruction of the members wrote to His Lordship as follows : — •

ST. JOHN'S, July 20, 1807.

SIR, — " As President of the Benevolent Irish Society, the pleasing task
devolves to me to express to you the unanimous sentiments of respect
and esteem that the Society so justly feel for you. Embarked in the
cause of humany we could not fail meeting with your hearty support ; the
respectability of your name, the force of your example, the steady and
firm support you have given to this infant institution is the best proof
that can be offered of the propriety of the principles upon which it is
founded, we shall ever look to your name on our records with pride and
pleasure. When memory will retrace to us your many virtues our prayers
will be offered for your health and happiness in this world; and we rest
assured that the blessed reward of a pious and well spent life awaits you
in that which is to come.

" W. TONGK, President B. I. Society.
" To the Right Revd. Dr. James O'Donel."

It is gratifying to see that the esteem and respect thus ex-
pressed by the first President of the Society still lives in hearts
of the members and that they, after one hundred years, are about
to erect the "O'Donel Memorial Hall" in loving and permanent
remembrance of its great and earliest benefactor and founder.

This action of the Benevolent Irish Society will commend
itself to all our citizens. The memory of Bishop O'Donel is
held in great reverence by them all as the pioneer of religious,
civil and political freedom in the Colony. The influence of his
gentleness, tact and his saintly life dispelled the ignorance and
prejudice that marked the Fighteenth Century and brought
about that more charitable sentiment of enlightenment and unity
which is embodied in the above letter of President Tonge.

Placentia R. R. Station— Strikers Awaiting Arrival of Train.

I. ING the past winter the men at work on the loading of the Reid
steamers, considering that the amount of wages they were
I was not adequate to the work, the latter being very hard and
Deluding night work, struck for higher pay. For a time things
>nous, for the men-thongh not at all riotous or >iolent-were very
They threatened to prevent the railway train from leaving the
on, and thus " hung up" all traffic for a week. A squad of Police were

sent on from St. John's, but their services were not required, as matters
had been satisfactorily arranged in the meantime. Our engraving is
from a "snap" taken by the Very Rev. Father St. John, P.P. of Argentia,
The " strikers" are evidently not of a " rowdy" or " hoodlum" class, and the
Police seem to fraternize quite cosily with them. Nevertheless, we should
not wish to see a return of such strikes, for the men are not persons to be
trifled with.

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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

ClK Cabot Club Committee.

- - have much pleasure in presenting in our current
9 number, a large photo.-engraving of the Excursion
Committee of the Cabot Club of Boston, together
with some short biographical notes of the various
members. As our readers know the Club is com-
posed exclusively of Newfoundlanders residing in
Boston, and gets its name from the discoverer of
our Island. Its object is the mutual benefit of its members
financially and socially. It will be observed from the notes
supplied that they are all doing well, either holding responsible
positions, in well known business firms, or doing business on
their own account. The Club has taken the initiative in Boston
in organizing the Old Home Week movement, and all the signs
point to the fact that their efforts will be crowned with abundant
success. They have entered into the movement with great en-
thusiasm, and our local Committee has met them more than
half way. Elsewhere we publish the Programme of our Local
Committee and some notes of the proposed Celebration. To
the Cabot Club is due all the praise for the initiation and suc-
cess of the movement. Judging by the correspondence of the
QUARTERLY with the Committee, they have devoted much time
and thought to make the movement a success, and this is especi-
ally, true of Mr. Moulton, the President. He has been untiring
in his exertions, and for one who is kept so close to business he
has found time to do a lot of work in connection with the Old
Home Week. These are a few of the Newfoundlanders who
have succeeded in the United States. Of course there are
thousands of others who have achieved success, many of whom
we will have the pleasure of greeting during the coining season.

A. MOULTON (President) was born at Pouch Cove, St. John's
East, Dec. 13, 1861, and received his early training there. For
many years he was engaged as a dry goods clerk in St. John's,
but went to Boston, August, 1893. He was first employed in
the dry goods business from Sept., 1893, to March, 1894. He
then engaged in real estate until February, 1895. Mr. Moulton
was very prominent in raising the Boston fund at the time of
our bank crash, and was appointed by Mayor Curtis, of Boston,
as deputy treasurer of the fund. He attended to all correspond-
ence, and gave much valuable time and assistance without re-
muneration. In March, 1895, he re-entered the dry goods busi-
ness, and in 1897 was engaged as buyer of dress goods, silks,
velvets, etc., by Messrs. W. & A. Bacon, the oldest dry goods
store in Boston, which position he still holds. He organized a
mutual benefit association in connection with his fellow em-
ployes, and so successful has it become that its members, during
s'ckness or disability do not suffer the loss of an hour's pay.
He is at present Secretary and Financial Secretary of the W. &
A. Bacon Employees Benefit Association ; Vice-President of the
Boston Dry Goods Clerks' Benefit Association ; a member of
tie Boston Terra Nova Association, and an Ex-President of the
Newfoundlanders' Mutual Benefit Association. Mr. Moulton
takes a great interest in everything in connection with New-
foundland, and we have to thank him for his kind interest in the
QUARTERLY and the list of subscribers forwarded by him.

DENNIS J. CANTWELL (Secretary) was born at St. John's,
Newfoundland, in 1866, and was educated at St. Bonaventure's
College. In the early years of his manhood he was engaged as
a school-teacher, and was stationed at Kelligrews for three years,
and at Riverhead, St. John's, for another three years. After
giving up school-teaching in Newfoundland he went to Boston,
and for sixteen years was a salesman in the upholstering depart-
ment of Jordan, Marsh Co, He is now with Shepard, Norwell
Co., and is a well-known Newfoundlander in the " Hub." Mr.

Cantwell was nine years Financial Secretary of the Newfound-
landers' Mutual Benefit Association, and for the last three years a
Trustee of the same Association, which office he holds at present.

DENNIS WALSH (Treasurer) was born at Carbonear, Oct. i,
1858, where he received his education. While in Newfoundland
he was engaged in the fisheries. He left Newfoundland in 1884
and worked as a core maker since arriving in Boston. For the
past fourteen years he has been employed by Messrs. Gurney
& Sons, East Boston. He is a member of the Catholic Order
of Foresters, and Boston Terra Nova Association. Mr. Walsh
is a very efficient workman and a genial companion. He is
highly esteemed by his brother Newfoundlanders, as also by his
employers. He was married in 1891 to an American lady.

M. J. SMART was born at St. John's, February, 1850, and
received his education at St. John's and Harbor Grace. He
started as a seaman, and left Newfoundland for the first time in
1870. Returning in 1874, he sailed out of John Munn & Co.'s
employ, Harbor Grace, as mate for seven years, and as master
of the brigt. Rarenwood, brigt. Rescue, schr. Edward Albro, and
for five years in the brigt. Arctic. He left Newfoundland, July
4th, 1888, for Boston, and is at present an employe of the City
Government. Captain Smart was well known in Harbor Grace.

J. P. MCCORMACK was born at St. John's, March 8, 1845,
and was educated in his native town. He was first engaged as
a fisherman, but left Newfoundland, May 20, 1866, for Boston.
Thirty-three years ago he was selected foreman and head ship-
per at John P. Squire & Co.'s packing house, and still holds
that position. Mr. McCormack was elected to the Common
Council, City of Cambridge, 1883 and 1884. He was appointed
to the Board of Registrars of Voters by the Mayor and Alder-
men, City of Cambridge, for the term beginning May, 1900, and
ending May, 1904. He was re-appointed to the same Board
for the term ending May 1908.

R. J. OLLERHEAD was born at Heart's Content, October 3rd,
1864, and was educated at the above town. He took a hand
in the fisheries in his own country, but on arriving at Lynn,
Mass., April 28th, 1891, he went to work in the Thompson-
Houston Electric Light Works, He worked there for about
four months. He then went to work in the Union Wheelwright
Shop, Boston, and has been working there ever since, which
would make his term of serving them thirteen years. He
started in as a learner and is now head blacksmith, having been
so for the past five years.

F. A. SULLIVAN was born at Pouch Cove, May 15, 1866,
and received his education there. In early manhood he was
engaged at various works at home, but on arriving in Boston he
went to work as shipping clerk in the wholesale grocery business
of L. Pickert & Co. He left that employ March 6, 1891, and
started for himself in the retail grocery business. His store is
at 65 Lamartin Street, Jamaica Plain, Boston, and he is very
successful in business.

WM. WINSOR was born at Carbonear, February 6, 1863.
He received his early training at Carbonear, and went to night
school in Chelsea, Mass. While his home was in Newfoundland
he was a fisherman and mariner. He left St. John's, Nov. 6,
1886, for United States. Arriving at Chelsea he learned the
stone-cutting trade and worked at it for seven years. Ten years
ago he bought the store he occupies at present and is doing an
ever increasing business. He keeps in his store, besides fine
groceries and provisions, Newfoundland codfish, caplin and sal-
mon, which he gets from Carbonear. He also handles our hard
bread and excursion bread, and gets it from the Rennie Baking
Co. Four years ago he ran for Alderman, but was defeated
by a small majority.

JAMES J. MCAULIFFE'S portrait and notes appears on page 4
of this issue. We had the above in our possession long before
we received the plate of group.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

K. E. YOUNG was born at Heart's Content, March n, 1871,
and was educated at that town. He was engaged in general,
business while iri Newfoundland. Arriving in Boston the 22nd
of Nov., 1900, he went to work for the Prudential Life Ins. Co.
the following February. After twelve months he went to work
for S. B. Yerxa, wholesale and retail grocer. He worked for
him six months, and then went with Houghton & Dutton, one
of the largest department stores in the city. After six months
with H. & D. he got a position with L. J. VVyzanski, E. Boston,
and is now in charge of the domestic department.

HENRY A. RENDELL was born at Heart's Content in 1865,
and received his education there. He learned the trade of
blacksmith and left Newfoundland in 1891. Since leaving
Newfoundland he has been most successful. He worked first
as foreman blacksmith with the firm of VV. II. Swett, Lynn,
Mass. In 1897 he returned to St. John's and opened business
on King's Road. Business being dull in his line (electro-plating)
at that particular time he left Newfoundland a year later. Since
1898 he has been employed as foreman in the works of the
New England Bolt & Nut Co.. Boston. Mr. Renclell is identified
with the following societies: Masonic Order (i 5 degrees), Im-
proved Order of Red Men, and Order of Sons of St. George.

J. F. DKMI'SKV was born at Si. John's, June 24, 1848. and
lived at Chapel Lane for some time. He received a part of his
education at the Orphan Asylum, and finished -at Ed. Roche's
school. He left Newfoundland in August, 1864, and arrived in
Bsston after fourteen days' sailing. His trade is that of a wood
carver and modeler, and some of his work can be seen at Saint
Mary's Catholic Church in Charlestown, Mass. The figures
that he carved for the above church are classical size — ^150 feet
of lumber in one figure; the wings on the figure, 5 feet from tip
to tip ; on the breast of the figure are the Emblems of the
Crucifixion. His work can also be seen at the State House in
Boston, in the Reading Room of the Senate, and in some of the
best houses in Boston and all over the State.

B. T. SHORT was born June 25111, 1867, at Hani's Harbor,
and was educated at the Wesleyan Academy, St. John's. He
left Newfoundland in 1888. and on arriving in Boston he secured
a position as dry goods clerk with Jordan, Marsh Co., which he
held for ten years. About two years ago he started business for
himself, and deals in society goods, emblems, flags, banners, etc.
Previous to leaving Newfoundland, with the exception of one
year with the old firm of Finlay, Eraser & Co., he helped his
father (John Short) with Irs business at Hant's Harbor. He
married Miss Naomi A. Parsons, of Harbor Grace, six years
ago, and has two girls and one boy. He is very successful in
business, and visited his old home about six years ago.

MARTIN M. BREEN was born in St. John's, and left New-
foundland with the family for Boston in 1870 when but six and
a half years old. He is a graduate of the Lawrence Grammar
School in South Boston. His present position is superin-
tendent of H. A. Johnson's, wholesale preservers' and brokers'
suppliers. He has been President of the Boston Terra Nova
Association for the past three years; and is Vice-President
of the Prospect Club, one of the leading social organizations
of Somerville, Massachusetts; also a member of Division 51,
A. O. H., and past President of same; member of Mr\\ No. 45,
Fraternal Order of Eagles; Chairman of.Somerville Democratic
Committee; member of Knights of Columbus, and several other
social organizations. Mr. Breen is a son of the late Capt. Robt.
Breen, who commanded some of the largest sealing vessels
before the advent of steamers, notably the brig Contest. He
married Anne M. Deady, of St. John's, daughter of Thomas
Deady of Springdale Street, and has six children living. He
polled the largest Democratic vote that was evei given to a
candidate for Alderman in Somerville, at the last election for
his Ward.

PETER J. SHORTALL was born at St. John's West, and was
educated at the Old Orphan Asylum. He served his apprentice-
ship at J. & W. Stewart's cooperage, where his father was fore-
man for several years. He left Newfoundland in 1887, but
nsited St. John's a short while ago. He was President of the
Boston Terra Nova Association— one of the oldest Newfound-
land Societies in the United States— from 1892 to 1897 Mr

Shortall is well known in Boston and St. John's, being a brothef
-ofx\V. PX Shortall, Water Street. .

T. M. DALTON, although not born in Newfoundland, spent
so many of his earliest years here, that we may claim him as
one of us. He was educated in St. John's and served his time
as cooper with Mr. John Byrne, who did an extensive business
on Cochrane Street before the fire of '92. He left for Boston
about eighteen years ago, and has since held a responsible posi-
tion as master cooper in his adopted city. He is now about
forty-eight years old. He is brother of our esteemed fellow-
townsmen Messrs. P. J. Dalton (Marshall Bros.), and J, Dalton
(T. & M. Winter). " Tom" is well and kindly remembered by
numbers of old " Mall Boys," who made the " Mall" their head-
quarters about twenty years ago.

T. H. SHAW formerly belong to St. John's West, but we are
unable to get any particulars up td the time of going to press.

M. E. SMART (not in the picture through sickness) was born
at Harbor Grace, in 1873, and was educated at St. John's. He
was a painter by trade, and left Newfoundland in 1890. Mr,
Smart worked at the painting since arriving in Boston, and has
been very successful at his business.

T. F. KEVIN was away when photo, was taken.

CAPE RACE.

Bp the Sea, **

By Eros Wayback.
A DOWN by the refluent sea,
^*- O'er whose breast the white gulls soar ;
Now, I watch them circling free,
A stroll by the pebbly shore.

I glance where the blue waves throng,

In a seething, white-capped foam ;
Thundering a psalm-like song,

By night, 'neath the glittering dome.
How they chaunt in runic rhyme,

Thro' the hours, in rhythmic speech;
Marking the march of time,

As they roll to the shining beach.

What time the young stars gleam,
Gemming the blue with their light;

I roam by the strand and dream
I hear her voice thro' the night.

For, with me, she gathered of yore,
Here, the tinted shells upthrown ; — •

She hath passed to the further shore,
And I stand watching alone.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Supreme Court of Newfoundland.

List of Deputy Sheriffs.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

SOUTHERN DISTRICT.

NAMKS.

Ferryland

Mobile

Kermeuse

St. Jlary's

Salmonier

1'lacentia

F'resque |

Oderin

Mat Island Burin

Hurin

St. 1 awrence

.1 ,a\vn i

l.-amaline

Grand Bank

IGeorye Geary.

lohn T. I- it/ger;)

I William Trainer.

Placenlia and St. Mary's. M. Malmney.

Francis K. Cmli
A. Collins.
1 homas Sullivar
Peter Mannins;.
1 Io\\ ai (1 Parsons
Stephen \Vhitu.
C vru*. He< k. >r.
Joseph Muijihy.
William G. I'iltr
Kli Hani-.

St. Jacques Fortune Hay

Helleoram

Pnshthrongh ••

Harbor Hrelon

Kunn-a

Kose Hlani In-

' 'h aim el

( 'oclloy Si. (

( i I .Mill River

Robinson'^ I lead

Si. ( ieorye — Sandy I't. .

Wood's Island. . .'

I'.ay of Islands

Holine ! lav . . .

William Grandy.

lo^epii ( 'amp.

Benjamin < hapman.

Albeit Kelland.
.... Matthew Na.-h.
. . . . Prosper A. Garden.
... . | James II. Wilcox.

e I li'iny ( ;allo]>.

Thomas H. Doyle.

\brah.un Tilley.

M. Iv Messervey.

Simeon I ennex.

Daniel I. Gilker.

. . I leo. 1 lalfvard.

NORTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

St. Anthony St. Harbe

Conche "

La Scie ! "

Tilt Cove Twillingat e

Little Bay "

J.ittle Bay Islands

1'illey's Island

I .eading Tickles

' New Bay

Botwoodville

Kxploits

Lewis port

T.willingate

Moreton's Harbor. . . .

Kogo

Barr'd Island

Seldom-Come- By ....

Change Islands

Gander Bay

Musgrave Harbor. . . .
I'inchard's Island ....

Wesleyville

Pool's Island

Greenspond

Glovertown

Gambo

B ooklyn

Salvage

Alexander Bay

King's Cove

\N ni. A . Toms.
Constable T. Walsh.
Thos. K. Wells
! Vf er < 'ampbell.
Thomas Kobe! Is.
William I, aiming.
1'e'ter Moores.
I. T. liendle.
George S. Lilly.
Alfred G. Young.
William Baird.
Edward Bartlett.
Ambrose Fii/gerald.
' leorge I' osier.
Philip I'evry.
John 1'orler.
Robert Pike.
Adam "Bradley.
Jacob Helferton.
Win. Sainsbnry.
Peter Roberts.
Klijali Spurrel.
Thomas W'ornelk
Chailes Kean.

Bonavista

( 'a! alina -. . .

Trinity

Hoiun ent lire

Northern Hight

Hritannia Cox e

Shoal Harbor

< 'laren villc

Foster's I'oinl

Pay Bull's A rm

\\ hitbou rne-

l!ona\isla Noah Verge.

Trinity Isa.n Manuel

Kii hard Speni e.

Xoah Miller.

l-ldmond l!en-on

k. Cnnie.

Caleb Tuck.

•• ( icol^^e lanes.

:Gt.uige Leawood.

Thomas P. French.

. . F.liel Noseworthv-

Albert L. Howe.
John Burden.

Thomas Curtis.

New Harbor - < jeorge Bussey.

Heart's Content : " 'Charles Rendell.

i Hani's Harbor ; " \. 'largelt.

Old IV-rliean I'.ay de- \'erde Moses Bursey.

Bay -de \ erde i Keiiben Curtis.

Lower Island Cove I Kli Garland.

Western Hay | I'-^en Kennedy.

Carbonear .' Ic'arbunear l-lrnest Forward.

Harbor Grace Harbor Grac- .John Trapnell.

Spaniard's Hay | Jesie ( io.-se.

Hay Roberts. '. . -\- Hieilihy.

Krigus Port de-Grave P.enjamin Butler.

Conception Harbor . . . Harbor Main William Cole.

Harbor Main James Murphy.

Holyrood ! William Malier.

Middle Bight ' William Butler.

Hell Isl'd— Lance Cove. St. form's East John II. Ley.

Bell Island— Beach .... John H. Bennett.

Portugal Cove Edward Harding.

JAMES CARTER, Sheriff, Newfoundland.
W. J. CARROLL, Sub-Sheriff,

Thomas Smyth,

Wholesale Dealer in

Provisions, Groceries, fruit, Etc.

Head McBride's Hill, Duckworth Street. St. John's, Nfld.

To Wholesale Buyers only :

For American Cotton Goods,
Cotton and Wool Fonts, Remnants and Seconds,
Top Shirts, Underwear, Sweaters,

Place your order with

W. A. SLATTERY,

Wareroom: Seaman's Home Building.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

R. PHIPPARD,

Contractor and Builder.

All work in the Masonry line promptly and
personally attended to. Estimates furnished
on application.

Address: 182 GOWER STREET.

THING of BESUTY

is a joy Forever, and there will now be joy in the hearts Of those who
admire the beauties of the Art Photographic For we have now on
sale something entirely new in that line ; 'tis the New Monochrome
Photographic Views of Local Scenery, re-produced on silk, the most
beautiful thing in Photography. We have in this series :
Sunrise at Placentia, 80 cents ; Shell-Bird Island (Humber), 80 Cents ;
At Pilley's Island, 80 cents ; Four Choice Bits of Scenery, 50 cents ;
Off Cape Harrison, So cents ; Labrador Fishing Boats, 60 cents.

We have Photos of choicest bits of Local Scenery finished by the new
Monochrome process, mounted, 5oc. and 6oc. Photos of all that is most
beautiful and interesting in Newfoundland and Labrador Scenery, mounted
and unmounted, from 2oc. to $3. Newfoundland (Illustrated), an album
of over 60 exceedingly handsome and representative views of Newfound-
land and Labrador. Pictorial Post Cards of the City, The Narrows, Public
Buildings, Icebergs, &c , 2oc. doz., 2C. each.

DICKS & COMPANY, Popular Bookstore.

SPORT IN NEWFOUNDLAND.

The Public are reminded that the

Game Laws of Newfoundland,

Provide that:

No person shall pursue with intent to kill any Caribou from

the ist day of February to the 315! day of July, or from the 1st day of

October to the 2Oth October in any year. And no person shall

kill or take more than two Stag and one Doe Caribou in any one year.

No person is allowed to hunt or kill Caribou within five miles of either
side of the railway track from Grand Lake to Goose Brook, these limits
being defined by gazetted Proclamation.

No non-resident may hunt or kill Deer without previously having pur-
chased and procured a License therefor. All guides must be licensed.
Issued free to residents ; to non-residents costing fifty dollars.

No person may kill, or pursue with intent to kill any Caribou with dogs,

or with hatchet or any weapon other than fire-arms, or while

crossing any pond, stream or water-course.

Tinning or canning of Caribou meat is absolutely prohibited.

No person may purchase, or receive any flesh of Caribou between
January ist and July 3ist, in any year.

Penalties for violation of these laws, a fine not exceeding two hundred
dollars, or in default imprisonment not exceeding two months.

No person shall hunt, or kill Partridges during the present year, or
before ist October, 1905. After that period not before ist October or
later than I2th January. Penalty not exceeding one hundred dollars
or imprisonment.

Any person who shall hunt Beaver, or export Beaver skins till October ist,
1907, shall be liable to cofiscation of skins, and fine or imprisonment.

And no person shall hunt Foxes from March icth to October 1 5th in
any year, under the same penalties.

T. J. MURPHY,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Department of Marine and Fisheries,
May and,

DEPARTMENT AGRICULTURE AMD MINES.

NOTICE.

TONSIDERABLE ALTERATION having
V been made in the mode of securing Titles to
Mining Locations by the Act passed during the
last Session of the Legislature, parties interested
can obtain copies of the said Act on application
to the Department of Agriculture and Mines
between the hours of 10 a.m. and 3 p.m.

HON. ELI DAIVE,

Minister of Agriculture and Mines.

Department of Agriculture and Mines,
September 22nd, 1903.

P. J. HAINL»EY,J

Painter, Glazier, Paper Hanger
and House Decorator — — .

First Class Work in our line; prompt and particular attention given to
Outport Contracts.

Always on hand HANLEY'S celebrated brands of Snuffs.

Outport orders thankfully received.
N.B.--We employ a staff of expert mechanics, who execute work with neatness and despatch

Address t No. 5 King's Road.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

INT ERNATIONAL

The Worlds Verdict -The Walk-over Shoe Stands Every Test"

JACKMAN the TAILOR, Sole Agent for Nfld,

BAZAAR .#

(Under the distinguished patronage of His Excellency the Governor.)

IN AID OF THE RESTORATION OF THE ANGLICAN CATHEDRAL,

THE:

BRITISH HALL, Sept. 27, 28, 29, 30.

President Mrs. Bowring

I Mrs. Gosling, Mrs. M. Winter
Vice-Presidents ...} Miss Browning

Secretary Miss Hutchinson

Assistant Secretary Mrs. W. C. Job

Treasurer Mrs. J. A. Clift

Assistant Treasurer. . . .Mrs. P. F. LeMessurier

STALLS:

GENERAL NOVELTY Mrs. Bowring

FANCY Mrs. Gosling and Miss Browning

PLAIN WORK Mrs. Martin

HANDKERCHIEFS Mrs. Albert Martin

TOY Mrs. M. Winter

JUMBLE Mrs. John LeMessurier

REFRESHMENT Mrs. McCoubrey

FRUIT, FLOWER AND VEGETABLES. .Mrs. G. Bolt

CANDY Mrs. Anderson

TEA TABLES— Mrs. E. H. Davey, Mrs. George Davey,
Mrs. McCowen, Mrs. Hoare, Mrs. Carnell and Mrs. Sleater.

MURPHY,^

West End Hair Dresser*

Hair Cutting, Shaving and refreshing Sea Foam.

Water Street, West,

Opposite Angel Engineering & Supply Go's. Store.

The "Duckworth"
Hair-Dressing Parlor! :

For an up-to-date Hair Cut or Shave, call
at the " Duckworth" Hair-Dressing Parlor.

I F. McGUIRE, Proprietor,

200 Duckworth Street, - East of " Waverly Hotel."

Job Printing neately executed at 34 Prescott Street.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND .QUARTERLY.

Telephone: Office 131, Store 345.

P. 0. B. 275.

L H. i 0. DAVEY,

III BOND STREET.

Contractors, Builders, and
Dealers in Building Materials.

WhARr & STORES : JOB'S COVE.

/. I/. A 7- V/; A.('

FURLOXG &> KENT,

+ * *
BARRISTERS and SOLICITORS.

DUCKWORTH STREET, A'/'. JOHN'S.

GESR & CO.,

Headquarters for..

Marbleized Mantelpieces, English and
American Tiled Grates, Tiled Hearths,

Fancy lirass and Iron Kerbs,
Fire Brasses, Dogs, Stops,
and cither Artistic Grate
and 1 1 earth Furnishings.

349 Wafer Street. 349

LEGAL CARD.

I'. J. MORRIS, K.C.,

i Kiinbcrlcv Rms, St. Jo/nis, Newfoundland.

TEi.j'.riioxi-:. NO. 266..

Phenix Insurance Co.

Of Brooklyn, New York.

frrjnnsurances effected at lowest Current Kates of Premium on
all kinds of properly in Newfoundland.

A. 0. HAYWARD, A'.C.,

.•/!,'(•/// for Newfoundland.

$4_A_ MONTH

Is not very much for a voting man of 20 to put
aside out of his salary, but if invested with the
CONFEDERATION LIFE it will give

To his family, if he dies before age 40, - - $1000.00
To himself, if he Hues to age 40, from - - $1 159.00

to $1372.00
according to plan selected.

Insure early, while your health is good.
You will get your money back earlier in life,
when you can use it better.

C O'N. CONROY,

PROGRAMME

for Old Home Week festivities

^ At St. John's. ^t

MONDAY, AUGUST 1st.

AFTERNOON — Reception of visitors by Committee.
EVENING — General illuminations and bonfires, with band
concerts in both Parks.

TUESDAY, AUGUST 2nd.

FORENOON— Labor Parade. AFTERNOON— Athletic
sports. NIGHT — Theatrical performances in the different
halls.

WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 3rd.

ALL DAY — Regatta, with its accompanying amusement,
at Quidi Vidi Lake.

THURSDAY, AUGUST Ath.

FORENOON— Naval Review. AFTERNf )( )N -Garden
Party in Bannerman Park. NIGHT — Grand Ball in Prince's
Rink.

FRIDAY, AUGUST 5th.

Outing by rail to Topsail and other popular places of resort
around Conception Bay.

SATURDAY, AUGUST 6th.

No special attraction arranged for to-day, but Smoking
Concerts in Club rooms and halls at night.

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1

Law Chambers, St. John's.

GENERAL AGENT.

E. P. MORRIS, Chairman Committee.
ALEX. A. PARSOXS, .SVr ' "

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Welcome to Our Visiting fellow Coumrpmen

From Hon. E. P. Morris, K.C., LL.D., Attorney General,
Chairman Old Home Week Committee.

11 BREATHES there the man, with soul so dead,
\Vho never to himself hath said;

' This is my own my native land ;'
Whose heart hath ne'er within him burned
As home his footsteps he hath turned

From wandering on a foreign strand."

were so kind, Mr. Editor, in asking me to write
something for the "Old Home Week" part of the
June issue of the NEWFOUNDLAND QUAKTKKT.Y that
I really find it impossible to refuse you. The diffi-
culty, however, is great to select some subject which
may prove of interest to at least some of your readers,
and, at the same time, one which has not already
been written threadbare. Natur-
ally the subject uppermost in
our minds is the " Old Home
Week."

In the early days of the coming
month of August we hope to have
some hundreds of the sons and
daughters of Newfoundland revisit
their old home. Such an auspici-
ous occasion, bringing as it does
together brother and sister, father
and son, mother and child, awakens
feelings and sentiments difficult to
describe. In this re-union thou-
sands will meet who have not met
for years ; the past and present
will be bridged over; the friend-
ships of by-gone days will be re-
newed, and new pledges will be
made to kindle and keep alive at
home and abroad the love for the
dear old land ; for

" She is a rich and rare land,
Oh she is a fresh and fair land,
She is a dear and rare land,
This native land of mine."

But whilst our re-union will have
its joys it will also have its sorrows.
For many of those who will return
there will be a vacant chair — more
than a vacant chair for some — the old homestead will have been
dismantled, and a more pretentious mansion will have taken its
place ; it may be that the loved ones who in the years gone by
sat round the Christmas fire and listened to the Christmas tale
will have passed away, and other faces and other forms will now
call it home :

" The mossy marbles rest

On the lips that he has pressed

In their bloom ;

And the names he loved to hear
Have been carved for many a year

On the tomb."

Rejoicing, however, in the main will triumph. Gladness will
vanquish sorrow. Amidst all the causes for joy for our guests
will be the permanent improvement in the country— the marked

HON. E. P. MORRIS, K.C., LL.D.,

His Majesty's Attorney General for Newfoundland,

Chairman of Old Home Week Committee.

prosperity of its trade, and the comfort and happiness of its
people. What will strike our visitor most is the contrast be-
tween the country he left and the country he is now visiting.
Not even Canada, phenomenal as has been the development of
late years, can boast of greater strides than Newfoundland
since 1890. Notwithstanding that our people have had to re-
cover, during the past fourteen years, the disastrous effects of
the trade and bank crash of 1894, our trade has in the same
period nearly trebled; and our total trade, which in 1890 was
not more than $8, 000,000, to-day is nearly $20,000,000.

Each year for the past five years has witnessed a reduction of
fixation i,i favor uf the working classes — lines and twines, salt,

molasses, flour, kerosene oil, and
farming and mining implements,
representing a reduction of $250,-
ooo, have all been placed upon the
free list, and still the revenue in-
creases, and keeps on i: creasing.

At the last session of the Legis-
lature the Government was enabled
to reduce taxation $180,000 on the
necessaries of life; and the Gov-
ernment who next meet Parliament
will have a surplus which \\ill en-
able them to still further reduce
taxation by another quarter of a
million dollars. In other words
the Government will be able to say
to every workingman in the Colony
" you have now a free breakfast
table, the coat on your back pays
no duty, and you have higher wages,
shorter hours, and cheaper and
better food than you ever had be-
fore." And the friends who visit
us will want to know the cause of
this wonderful prosperity. Our
answer must be; If you seek the
causes look around. Previous to
1890, we carried all our eggs in
the one basket, — we had nothing
but the fisheries to depend on, and
when they failed, it was starvation or emigration. Now, through
the agency of the railway — by the " policy of progress," carried
out for the past fourteen years — the country has been opened
up. Our vast wealth in minerals, timber and fisheries, has
become known, and is being developed by home and foreign
capital. Our people are employed, and are just beginning to
feel the benefits which flow from a living wage. The earning
powers of our people have been increased two-fold. No man
need now be idle. The winter season, formerly one of enforced
idleness, is now one of our busiest periods ; and the hum of in-
dustry in the milling and lumbering camps, and in the brick-
yard and slate quarries is now as familiar as the busy scenes of
fish-making in the spring and autumn months.

When many of our visitors left us in the sixties, it was the

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

custom in St. John's for a man to work from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. for
70 cts., and for 60 cts. if he went to work after breakfast. Now
this is all changed. No employer would now offer any labourer
less than $1.00 per day: and thousands of mechanics and
labourers are receiving from $1.50 to $-2.50 per day. And we

FORT AMHKRST ENTRANCE TO ST. JOHN S.

Photo, by James I'ey.

are only on the threshold of improvement. Employers of labour
are beginning to recognize that labor has its rights as well as
capital — that capital and labour is a partnership necessary for
the production of the wealth and development of a country ;
and that when the profits of this union, this marriage, this part-
nership, are large and certain, they should not all ;,o to the credit

of one of the partners, but that the labourer, who is as necesSafy1
as the capitalist, should have his share. Does he receive this
when he is paid one dollar per day, or say $300 per year? Can
he feed his wife and little children, and keep them decently clad,
and give them warmth, and schooling, and pay rent out of this ?
I hardly think he can, and I fancy that those who seriously re--
fleet, must see that in the past a great injustice has been done to
the labouring classes by the miserably low rate of wages they
have been paid. In 1887 the Government of the day did not
consider they were doing anything very extraordinary when
they fixed the rate to be paid labourers on public works a£
thirty cents per day. The public records show this ; but what .
would be thought of a Government to-day who would pay even
the ordinary labourer anything less than one dollar for his day's
work ; and the time has nearly arrived when no ordinary labour3
ing man will be offered less than $1.50 per day, and this wages
will only give him, say at 300 working days, about $450 per
year. When that day arrives we shall have less strikes and less
dissatisfaction. Men will take a greater interest in their work,
and confidence will be restored between employer and employed.
The labouring man will be looked on as something more than a
mere machine — a bond of sympathy will be created between
labor and capital, and the employer, when he looks at his own
healthy, well-fed, well-clad children, will not be ashamed to look
on the children, of those who work in his employ.

And thus the good work will go on, and when another Old
Home Week comes around, and our friends again visit us,
they will see new contrasts and new improvements, but they
will be contrasts and improvements which will have no painful
side to them. They will all represent advancement and progress,
a policy whose every tendency will be upwards — a new and
abiding hope will have been implanted into the breasts of our
people, and they will go forth to their labor with real genuine
satisfaction. It will be a labor of love, because there will be
no grievance — because they will feel that they are fully paid for

their labor

Men my- brothers, men the workers
Ever reaping something new ;

That which they have done, but earnest
Of the things that they shall do.

Photo, by James

PETTY HARBOR IN THE DISTRICT OF ST. JOHN'S WEST,

Ti-fE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

BisDop

College.

College, as the institution of higher education tot
the Church of England in Newfoundland, originated
i" 1851, partly out of a private school maintained by
Bishop Feild and partly out of a General Academy
which was started in 1846 and maintained by the
Government. Its existence as a special institution for the Church
of England was due to the efforts of the Bishop. A grant was
voted it by the Legislature and it was placed under the control
of five Directors. For some time the work was conducted in
part of a house called Avalon, on Forest Road. In 1858 the

AT KINDERGARTEN WORK,

present spacious and central site was secured and the substantial
brick building forming the centre and west wing of the present
suite of buildings was erected. By 1876 the Directors found the
accommodation insufficient and built the plain wooden structure
which serves now as the Gymnasium, to afford extra room for
the time being. This seems to have answered the needs of the
school for the next sixteen years.

In 1891 the present Headmaster, W. W. Blackall, B.A. of the
University of London, was appointed to take charge of the
school. He came well recommended from England, and in a
short time the number attending the school increased to such an
extent that the accommodation became insufficient. Conse-
quently in 1893, the Directors made arrangements for the erec-
tion of Ihe large addition made to the original buildings on the
West and the North, affording accommodation for two hundred
students, together with hostel accommodation for thirty. The
building was completed by August, 1894, and in September of
the same year work commenced in the new premises. Under
the present Headmaster's supervision there have been a steady
growth in numbers and constant development. In 1877 the
Synod Girls' School was made a part of the institution and was
conceded a part of the Government grant, but the work of the
Girls' School has always been conducted in a separate building;
there has never been any concerted action between the two
schools, and, except that they share the same grant, the two insti-
tutions are quite distinct, the Directorship of the Girls' School
being delegated to a committee of the Executive Committee of
the Synod by the Board of Directors of the College. In 1890,
by an Act of the Legislature, the number of the Directors was
increased to twenty-one and the nomination entrusted to the
Synod. From 1850 to 1892 it was known as the Church of
England Academy. By the Education Act of 1892 the Institu-
tion was styled the Church of England College, and in 1894,

after the extension on the West and North had been completed,
the Boys' Side, embracing the site and buildings on Colonial
and Bond Streets, was named Bishop Feild College, after the
prelate who, forty-four years previously, had striven so hard for
its foundation. From its start the institution has enjoyed the
patronage and protection of the several Governors of the Colony,
and the care and oversight of the several Bishops of Newfound-
land,

Previous to the year 1898 no provision was made in the
college for the instruction of boys under standard three in attain-
ment. In this year, under the
advice of the Headmaster, and
by the financial guarantee of cer-
tain gentlemen of the city, there
was established a preparatory
department, which has steadily
grown in numbers and useful-
ness, and is to-day a very useful
feeder of the institution. Not
only does it secure a constant
supply of young boys into the
lower forms, but it ensures that
they are trained in a manner
best fitted for their future life
in the college. One of our illus-
trations is the picture of a class
of little boys in this department
in the year 1898 doing some
kindergarten work.

In 1890 the College celebrated
its jubilee, which took the form
of a Commemoration Service in
the Cathedral in the morning and
a programme of Sports in the
afternoon. On the occasion of
the Commemoration Service the
choir consisted exclusively of
those associated with the Col-
lege, and the entire service was

rendered by those who had been or who were at the time asso-
ciated with the College. We have not space to give a full

TABLEAUX ATHLETIC SPORTS.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

account of this interesting ceremony, but refer our readers to
the July No. of the Feildian, 1900 (Vol. 7 No. 10).

Last year, in order that the institution might be kept well
up to date in its organization, the Directors determined, under
the advice of the Superintendent of Education, Dr. Pilot, and
of the Headmaster, to inaugurate Manual Training as a branch
of the college work, and consequently one ot the staff, Mr. I. J.
Samson, was selected and despatched to the McDonald Training
School of Truro, Nova Scotia, for the purpose of receiving train-
ing as an instructor in this branch of educational work.

The wooden building erected in 1876 and used since 1894 as
a gymnasium is to be added to by 35 feet, and a spacious well
lit manual training room with the necessary offices will be the
result. This room and the offices will be well equipped and
in September Mr. Samson will commence his work at Bishop
Feild College in manual training.

The best testimony to the education and training given at
the College is to be found in the lives of those who have
been educated within its walls. Again space prevents us from
going into details, but a very long list could be prepared of
those who have excelled in life's walk, not only in Newfound^

land, but in other parts of the world, out of those who were ec'ii
cated in the College. One is a bishop, another is an admiral,
a large number hold leading positions in the professions, and
many of the most brilliant business men of the community are
proud to call themselves " Old Feildians," and the College is
proud that it is so. Of recent years the College has annually
sent in a large numbej" of candidates for the several pubic ex-
aminations which can be availed of in the colony, and rna'nj'
of its boys are now Associates of Arts of the Council of Higher
Education, under-graduates or graduates of Oxford, Cambrige,
London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, McGill or other Universities.

In the field of athletics, too, the institution is well to the fore ;
not only has it a well organized cadet corp, but has proved that
its lads are well trained in such manly games as football, cricket
and hockey, holding as it does at this present time two of the three
Intercollegiate trophies.

Of the other illustrations given, one is a picture of the boys
and masters in the jubilee year 1890, and another shows one of
the tableaux given in the atheletic sports of the same year, in
which year classes were trained in gymastics under Sergeant
Ross from the Aldershot Gymnasium School.

MASTERS AND BOYS OF BISHOP FEILD COLLEGE, 1900.
(Jubilee Year.)

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

engineer Sub=Cieut. Riclwd H. fiowlep, R.IX

TJ.VGINEER SuB-LlEUT. RlCHARD A. HoWLEY, R. N., the

subject of this sketch and son of James P. Howley
F.G.S., enjoys the distinction of being the only native of this
country in the Engineering Branch of the Royal Navy. He is
at present serving on board the first-class armoured battle ship
Victorious, in the Channel .squadron, flag ship of Rear Admiral
Hon. Hedworth Lampton, C.V.O., C.B.

Dick, as his school-fellows familiarly called him, seems to have
been fitted by nature for the calling he has chosen ; bright, in-
telligent, with a decided mechanical turn, thick-set and robust
of constitution, afraid of nothing; he was just one of those
boys who would " up fist and down house" with anyone who
would say " boo" to him. A thorough athlete fond of all sorts
of manly sports, Dick was, so to speak, "to the manor born,"
exactly the kind of material the Naval Authorities require.

R. A. HOWLEY, R.N., AS A CADET IX 1897.

Richard A. Howley's appointment came about in this way.
Each year the Colonial Office has the right to three places for
applicants from the Colonies to study at one of the Royal En-
gineering Colleges in England, where they undergo a five years
course of technical training to fit them for the onerous duties
now devolving upon that branch of the navy.

Our late Governor, Sir Terence O'Brien, believing that we
should possess suitable material here, referred the matter to the
heads of our several colleges asking them to select from their
students such boys as, in their judgment, would fill the bill. He
promised to use all his personal influence to obtain a nomination
for one of those whom they would select. The Christian Bro-
thers of St. Bonaventure's College, in response to His Excel-
lency's wish selected Richard A. Howley, and his application
was at. once forwarded by the Governor to the Colonial Office.
His nomination was accepted, and in due course he underwent
the preliminary examination required by the regulations, on
board the Commodore's ship on this station. Having success-
fully passed this test, he was immediately ordered '• Home" to
enter the Royal Engineering Training College of Keyham,
Devonport.

Here he commenced his career by having a piece of metal,
a hammer and chisel placed in his hands on which to begin
with. From that his studies led up by degrees to the various
operations of making and fitting machinery of all kinds con-
nected with the construction of modern ships of war. The
course is complete and thorough and is accompanied throughout
by much study and attendance at lectures, delivered by the most
skilled technicologists, in all that pertains to mechanical and
engineering science. Strict discipline and manual drill is main-
tained all through, nor is physical culture neglected ; on the
contrary, it is encouraged as much as possible. Boating, row-
ing, swimming, cricket, football, &c., are all indulged in to the
fullest extent. The college teams hold high records, especially
in the latter sport, and Dick soon made his mark as a footer.
Every year's class has a team of its own. and many contests

R. A. HOWLEY, R.N., AS SUB-LIEUT. ENGINEER IN 1903.

between them and those of other colleges, as well as with out-
side clubs, take place, in which Keyham usually comes out on
top. Prizes are given by the college authorities and by friends
of the students, all of whom, with officials of the Admiralty, as-
semble to witness the games and give encouragement to the lads.

In this way the five years course is spent, and towards the end
of the term the students are given practical training on board
ship, where they go through the whole operation of getting up
steam, starting and working the engines, &c. They are also
required to attend to the cleaning, repairing, and refitting the
machinery of any ship laid off for overhauling. A course of gun-
nery, hydraulics and electricity usually terminates their studies.

Mr. Howley passed out in his fifth year, and was appointed
to H. M.S. Jupiter, a first class armoured battleship of the Chan-
nel squadron, on which he served his two years probation.

Last year, his term having expired, he spent some time on
various ships, and during the manreuvres, was aboard the King
Alfred, one of those huge four-funnelled monsters, the leviathans
of the fleet. Finally he was gazetted on February and, last,
as senior Sub-Lieut. Engineer on H.M.S. Victorious, on which
he will probably spend the next two years.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Books on Deutfoutidland. **

subject I have been asked to write about for this
number of the QUARTERLY, is Newfoundland Biblio-
graphy, or all about books concerning the Island.
It is a large subject, and one that, owing to the small
space at my disposal, must be treated — as poor old
J.ohn Clarke used to say — in a " summinary way."
Who will be interested in such a topic ? Certainly
not the crowd, but there are a chosen select few who
are real book-lovers and who may possibly appreciate one's
efforts to make them better acquainted with old books about
their own country. Always prefer to play for the critics
in the pit and not for the noisy gods in the gallery. How dif-
ferently men view such subjects as science, art, literature or
natural history is very well exemplified in a story told by Sir
Wemyss Reid to the Vagabond Club in London. As everyone
knows he was a great newspaper man, editor of the Leeds Mer-
cury, Speaker, &c. Meeting a great scientist one day in the
Strand the Professor said to him " Reid, why don't you give us
some news ?" " News, my dear friend, we have been spending
thousands on telegrams and special correspondents in South
Africa; what more news do you want ?" "You call that stuff
news," said the man of science with a snort ; " what 1 want is
real important news, news about the spots in the sun."

The bibliographer must not be confounded with the biblio-
maniac; the latter has a rage for rare editions and tall copies,
his passion is only for the externals, whilst the bibliographer's
love is for the soul within the covers — the heart of the book.

How fraught with dear memories are some old books ? The
dog-eared, shabby old Virgil, scrawled over with notes in a round
school-boy's hand. What pleasant recollections does it bring
back to us of the great classical scholar who first instilled into our
juvenile unformed mind some faint idea of the perfect form and
polished verse of the great Roman poet. That baitered old Don
Quixote, as we open its pages we seem still to inhale the pungent
odour of old Don Ramon's strong black cigar as he tried to infuse
into our own ignorant and insular soul some of his own deep
knowledge and still deeper enthusiasm for that splendid classic
with its stately Castilian eloquence and its wholly untranslatable
humour and wit.

Books, to the ordinary mind, are only so much prepared wood-
pulp in the form of paper, but to the enthusiast they are living
realities associated with one's life and thoughts and aspirations.
The Prince of Bibliographers of to-day is Doctor Richard
Garnett, C.B., formerly of the British Museum. The most
delightful old man, I think, I have ever known. I can fancy I
see him now, with his wonderfully shabby old clothes. As
polite and as anxious to assist some poor distraught young
woman student, and as much at home with her as with the
Prince of Wales.

We have generally been of opinion that old Whitbourne's
was the first book about Newfoundland. This is an error ;
there were several earlier works about the Island. Without
referring to such old works as Fabian's Chronicle, Howe,
Edens, Gomara, Oviedo, Ramusio, &c., or to the great Spanish
classic Navarrete, all of which refer to the Colony. We must
also pass over the great English Encyclopaedia of early voyages
and descriptions of the New Island given by Hakluyt and
continued by Purchas. The first work especially and entirely

By D. W. Prowse, LL.D.

devoted to Newfoundland is the quaint old treatise of Sir George
Peckham of 1583. I will give my readers its title page with all
its quaint lettering and erratic spelling: —

A. TRVE REPORTS

Of the late discoveries.

And possession taken in the right of

The Crowne of England of the New-

founde lands by that valiant and worthye

gentleman Sir Humfrey Gilbert,

Knight.

Wherein is also breefly setle downe her

Highnesses lawful tytle thereto and the great and

manifolde commodities that is likely to growe

thereby to the whole Realme in generall

and to the adventurers in particular.

Together with the easiness and

shortness of the voyage.

Scene and allowed,
at London.

Printed by J. C. for John Hinde

Dwelling in Paules Church-Yarde at

The sign of the Golden Hinde

Anno 1583.

There were no newspapers in " the spacious days of Queen
Elizabeth" when this curious old book first saw the light. It is
antiquated and a queer old production, but as an advertisement
of the new association for colonising our Island it is worthy of
the genius of the cleverest company promoter of ihe twentieth
century.

It sets out the internal resources of the Colony in glowing
terms —

" By establishing a safe harbour and head-quarters, and it is
well known to all men of sound judgment that this Newfound-
lande voyage is of greater importance, and will be found more
beneficiall to our country than all other voyages at this day in
use, and trade amongst us."

This early view of the importance of Newfoundland is corro-
borated by Sir Walter Raleigh who declared in Parliament that
our fishery " was the main-stay and suport of the Western
Counties," then the chief maritime centre of England. That a
mishap to the Newfoundland fleet was the greatest calamity that
could befall England.

This old work is a most sensible, clear-headed business
document. I enjoyed its perusal. The author shows himself
a keen trader with a very extensive knowledge of human nature.
He offers attractions to everyone : Sport for the genteels.
Fishing for all. A North-West passage to India from New-
foundland for the adventurous. The £100 subscriber was to
have 16,000 acres of land, with authority to keep Court Leet
and Court Baron. To be chosen one pf the Council to make
laws. All were to be benefitted and honoured down to the poor
subscriber of ten shillings.

It was a very ingenious dodge to keep Gilbert's charter alive.
These shadowy pretensions were maintained by his family for
many years, but it all came to naught. It offords another in-
stance of the way in which Rulers in these old days flung away
Islands and Continents to their courtiers and favourites.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

isydney and Carlile, sons-in-law of the great Walsingham,
wrote a paper on the colonising of Newfoundland and North
America. The greatest book, however, on the Colony was Lord
Beacon's treatise written for the promotion of Guy's Company,
in which the great Chancellor was a shareholder. Only portions
and extracts from this splendid work, written with all the great
man's eloquence, force and power are preserved in Purchas ;
every trace of the actual" publication has been lost. It must not
be confounded with Bacon's well known pamphlet on Coloniz-
ation. It is in this book on Newfoundland that occurs the oft
quoted passage about " the gold mines of the Newfoundland
fishery, of which there are none so rich — greater than the fam-
ous diamonds of Golconda or the treasures of Peru." When we
consider for a moment all the wealth this harvest of the ocean
has produced, we realize the truth of the great Verulam's elo-
quent words. What couuntless millions have been drawn from
these fisheries for four centuries — a mine that never petered out
— as productive to-day as when John Cabot and his Bristol
crew first caught sight of Cape Bonavista, the headland bright
and green with the springing grass of early June.

"Bonavista," oh good, "oh happy sight!" the most natural
exclamation in the world for the old Italian sailor after his long
dangerous voyage across unknown seas.

There is a good deal of literature about Newfoundland during
the reign of the high and mighty King James (1603-1625). The
most amusing and best written work about North America, at
this period is the production of the jovial French Lawyer — Mark
Lescarbot — " La Nouvelle France." It contains a most graphic
history of the new countries, the fishing, hunting, Indians, &c.
Incidentally it gives a picture of Newfoundland and the rest of
the European possessions in the New World. The most im-
portant publications during this reign, relating specially to our
Island, are undoubtedly Mason's " Brief Discourse of New-
found land," and Whitbourne's well known book. Old Whit-
bourne, as I have discovered, was of very humble origin. His
literary ability, like his learning, was very scanty; but the old
fellow was shrewd and humorous. A right trusty and brave old
sailor. The most sincere and faithful friend of the Colony. It
was a very happy thought of Sir Robert Bond to commemorate
the gallant Sir Richard's memory by naming our first inland
town and important railway junction after this brave old Eliza-
bethan mariner. It seems to me a pity that another great bene-
factor to Newfoundland at a little later period, the man who
saved the settlers from extermination by the West Countrymen —
John Downing is not also similarly honoured.

To follow chronological order in giving a list of books on
Newfoundland, Mason precedes Whitbourne. His book was
written between 1618-1619 a°d published early in 1620. Whit-
bourne's first edition appeared in the latter part of 1620, with
new issues in 1621-22-23. The important map by Mason was
made in 1617, but it did not appear in print until 1625, when it
was inserted in the very erratic work of Vaughan about New-
foundland— "The Golden Fleece"; followed by a still more
curious publication — " The Nevvlanders Cure."

Mason's book is the work of a scholar; its full title after the
fashion of the day ij very quaint :

BRIEVE DISCOURSE

of the

Newfoundland.

With the situation — Temperature
and commodities thereof —
Inciting our nation to goe

forward in that hop-
full plantation begunne —
" Scire tuum nihil est — nisile scire noc sciat alter."

A. H.

Edingburgh
Printed by Andro Hart — 1620.

An American friend and lover of history — James Phinney
Baxter — aided me in the full investigation of Mason's life. I

need not say that in other histories of Newfoundland there is
not the least notice taken of this important personage' in our
Colonial annals. To John Mason we owe a deep debt of grati-
tude, not only for his favourable and truthful account of the re-
courses of the Island and its adaptability as a Plantation, but also
for the important record of the tradition that Bonavista was the
landfall of John Cabot. In his map he marks opposite Cape
Bonavista : " A Caboto primum reperta" — first land found by
Cabot. In law there is a well known maxiom, that evidence
given before the commencement of litigation and the opening
.out of controversy, is always to be received with far more con-
fidence than testimony brought forward after the issue of pro-
ceedings. The latter may be manufactured to suit the case.
The former is entirely free from such suspicion. We must bear
in mind that Mason's .statement was made in 1617, about 120
years after Cabot's voyage. There were then men alive whose
fathers had sailed with the Italian discoverer. I illustrated
this fact by my own experience. I knew well a great-aunt of
mine whose husband was a commander at the battle of Tra-
falgar, 1805. She was born about 1780, and as I am 70 our
united experiences cover 124 years. Mason was a geographer,
a university scholar, Captain in the Royal Navy ; a most truth-
ful, exact and reliable man. His record of Cabot's landfall was
undoubtedly received from the trustworthy statements of living
witnesses. It is further corroborated by a similar note on
Dupont's — a French geographer's map about the same time.
On this question I was like the famous defender of the Catholic
Doctrine of the Trinity — " Athanasius contra munduin." All
the leading authorities at home and abroad ridiculed my view.
I must say this much for my fellow Newfoundlanders — they all
believed in me, and they will be pleased to know that recent
investigations of old maps make the landfall of Cabot at Cape
Bonavista on St. John the Baptist's Day, 241(1 June, absolutely
as certain as any fact happening four hundred years ago can be
ascertained.

Mason's narrative contains one of the most strange and
romantic incidents in our early Colonial history. It is a remark-
able story — a fine illustration of the old saying, that truth is
stranger than fiction. If we found this tale ot the Indian
Squantum in a dime novel or shilling schocker we should look
upon the incidents as far fetched and wholly improbable. We
should declare that the long arm of coincidence was stretched
too far by the author's vivid imagination. The remarkable ad-
ventures of this poor Indian will give my readers a more exact
impression of the close connection between the Continental
Colonies and our Island, even in these early days. It will also
illustrate the antiquity and the continuity of the trade in dry
codfish. It went on with Spain hundreds of years before the
discovery of America. Squantum was kidnapped by one Thomas
Hunt in New England in 1614, taken to Malaga, in Spain, with
nineteen more Indians, and there sold in the usual way as slaves.
Being very docile and intelligent he was allowed his liberty.
Wandering about the quay he met a captain belonging to Guy's
Newfoundland Colony. He stowed away and catne out to
Cupids. In Newfoundland he met John Mason and a Captain
Dermer, agent for Sir Fernando Gorge, the Patentee of New
England. Dermer brought him to Plymouth to interview
the Knight, and from thence, about 1616, he was returned to
his native land. When the Pilgrim Fathers landed in 1620
they were delighted to meet a friendly native who spoke good
English. Squantum became their firm friend and ally. He
taught them how to plant Indian corn, and to top dress with
fish manure. This remarkable savage spoke three languages ;
had embraced four religions — Heathen, Roman Catholic, High
Church Anglican, and lastly a Puritan and Independent. He
was very arrogant to his fellow natives, always wore English
clothes, and made his countrymen believe that like a white man
he had control over both disease and death. At his latter end he
asked Governor Bradford to pray that " He might goe to ye
Englishman's God in Heaven."

I am afraid these Bibliographical sketches are rather desul-
tory and rambling. Put the blame on that old Prince of
Essayists — Sieur de Montaigne. He has taught us small
scribblers to be various and discursive in our attempts to enter-
tain our readers.

THE NE WFO UNDL A ND QUAR TERL Y.

Crust

AN ETCHING.
By F. B. Wood.

A SHORT night's rest, a simple meal,
^*- "A kiss good wife I'm ready,"
He steps on board and hoists the sail,
The wind is fair and steady.

II.

The wind increased unto a gale,
Though not for long it lasted,
They found his body on the beach,

Nearby his boat — dismasted.
St. John's, Newfoundland, May I3th, 1904.

«£ flualotTs Farewell *

Co IRiss Cane.

A s the tender strains, 'neath thy gifted hands
* *• Swept thro' the church last night,
We felt some Angel touch'd the chords —

Methinks we felt aright I
For angels walk this old earth still,
Thank God, in forms like thine !
And heaven is nearer where they tread

And life almost divine I
******

We'd not forget thee if we could —

The echoes, pure and rare
Of that farewell shall fill our hearts

And ling'ring, end in prayer.
That never " rift be in thy lute" —

That all life's chords atune —
And love forever wreathe thy heart

With sweetest flow'rs of June !
St. John's, Nfld., May 9, 1904. E. C.

By George F. Power.

As the " great machine" goes whirling round.
And the sweat of the worker steams on the wheel,
'Tis the heart of the toiler attunes the sound,

And its notes accord with the thoughts they feel ;
To our friends far away it merrily sings

A harmony grand in sweet refrain,
For every round of it nearer brings

The dream of their life to them — " Home again."

That vision of " Home" to them never dies,

The years are bridged by the firmest span,
The rivets of hope bind love's strong ties,

And the pillars of faith in their countryman ;
Remembrance — to them has never brought

(For Kate is Kate and Joe is Joe)
A change by wealth, or " grandeur" wrought,

We are as we were in the long ago.

Let us, by our greeting, this dream fulfill,

Let honesty once more take its place,
And the laugh in the mother's eyes don't chill

By the formal smile on the daughter's face.
Let fathers and sons be as men were of old,

Giving them welcome with heart and hand,
And the tale will be telling, as often was told,

" There's no place in the world like Newfoundland."
St. John's, Newfoundland, May 5th, 1904.

# "God Guard CDeer ^

Ode to Sir Caoendisl) Bovlc, K.C.TO.6.

[These lines were written and presented to His Excellency Sir Cavendish
Boyle, and elicited a pleasing note of appreciation and acceptance a few days
before his departure from our shores.]

YVTHERE mild Mauritius waves her stately palms,

O'er shores, whose waves in Capricomic calms
With coy advances, reaching from the main,
Kiss the warm strand, then hasten back again,
To run with gentle murmurings thro' the shade
By sea-fans, and the roseate coral made —
Thou goest ! and our blessing goes with thee.
Hear in the gentle sighs of southern sea,
The cordial wish, eternal as the waves
That roar unceasing in our Islands caves —
God guard thee I this our prayer, our voice's weak
The heart's warm wish to plead, let the waves speak.

And let the sweet voices of echoes that hover,
The " Three Breasts"* around, that tell of the lover
Paul, and his lost, his Virginia fair
Whisper unceasing, and mingle with their
Regret for the lovers, our loss of a friend.
But in the vain regret, what gladdening strains blend
A voice from the north, where Atlantic waves meet,
No coral, but stem cliffs adamant feet.
Let the southern stars and fan-palm trees
Repeat the song from these northern seas —
" God guard thee I" our friend on that favoured strand
Who taught us to sing, " God Guard thee Newfoundland."
» Three hills in the Island of Mauritius, spoken of in the story of Paul and Virginia.

ARTHUR S. ENGLISH.

<* fl Farewell

By F. B. Wood.
'TTHE worthy representative
^ Of him who fills our Empire's throne,
With honour you discharged his trust,
And made our hopes and fears your own.

For all your wisdom and your zeal
Deep gratitude is but your due ;

Your gracious deeds and kindly words
Have won our heart's affections too.

Now that our king has called you hence,
And from our shores you must depart,

Altho' our lips shall frame the words,
Our fare-thee-well comes from the heart.

Nor would we, if we could, forget
The lady standing by your side,

Though we may see you nevermore
Kind thoughts of both shall still abide.

Where e'er you go may you soon win

The love of those 'mongst whom you dwell,
Yet oft recall in future years

Old Terra Nova's fond farewell.
St. John's, Newfoundland,

May I3th, 1904.

'THE NEWfOUNDLAND QUARTERLY'

— AN ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE —
Issued every third month about the 1 5th of March, June, September and

December from the office
34 Prescott Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

JOHN J. EVANS, -:- -:- -:. PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR,

To whom all Communications should be addressed.

Subscription Rates :

Single Copies, each IO cents.

One Year, in advance, Newfoundland and Canada 40 "

Foreign Subscriptions (except Canada) 50 "

Advertising Rates

$30.00 per page; one-third of a page, $1000; one-sixth of a page, £5.00;
one-twelfth of a page, $2.50. Special rates for illustrative advertising, and
trade cuts or half-tone plates obtained on order for same.

THE ...

NEWFOUNDLAND

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QUARTERLY.

JOHN J. EVANS, PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR.

VOL. IV.— No. 2.

OCTOBER, J904.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

^M 9

CAI'ii RACK.

^e CONTENTS, ^e

OCTOBER, J904.

PAGE.

"The Old Coat of Arms at Pla-
centia" (Illustrated), by Most
Rev. M. F. Howley, D.D i

"The Exile's Daughter" — Poem,

by D. Carroll 4

Supplement : Two Illustrations from
Photographs — " Saint Bonaven-
ture's College Sports, 1904,"
" C.E.I, and C.L.B. Sports, St.
George's Field, 1904

" Progress in Newfoundland,' by
Newfoundlander 5

" The Pilgrim"— Poem, by D. C. . . 5

" The Colonial Policy of the Radical
Party — -New Colonial Policy,"
by Rev. M. J. Ryan, Ph. D.... 6

" In Evangeline's Garden" — Poem,
by Eros Wayback 8

Hoisting of the Banners" — Poem*
by Sir R. Thorburn, K.C.M.G 8

Supplement: Two Illustrations from •
Photographs — ''The First Train
with Old Home Week Visitors,"
'• Some Guests at Mount Cashel
Garden Party"

" How Jack Burton Returned to
Newfoundland," by Rev. J. A.
O'Reilly, D.D 9

" A Foretaste of Autumn"— Poem,

by R. G. Mao Donald ro

" A Six Months' Tour," by James
Carter 1 1

" Rev. Canon Pilot, D.D., D.C.L.,
I.S.O.," with Portrait 12

" Capt. John Green," with Portrait 13

" A Plea for the Stag Caribou" —

Poem, by L. F. Brown 13

Portraits of Some of the Candidates
in the Coming Election 14

Portraits of Candidates for the

Rhodt-s Scholarship 17

'• Our Portrait Gallery," with Notes 18

'• Sliding" — -Poem, by Robt. Power. 20

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

W. & 0. RENDELL,

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

General Commission <£
Property and Insurance
Agents* <£ *g <£ <g

• Partnership

: Business Interests

should be protected, not only for the satisfaction it gives, but for
the sake of your business interests in case one of the partners
should die. Will be glad to tell you about the good features of

AN EQUITABLE PARTNERSHIP POLICY.

J. A. CLIFT, Agent,

LAW CHAMBERS, ST. JOHN'S.

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I t I I I I I ' I I l_

ji 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

ST. JOHN'S, NEWf OUNDLAND. j * Comfortable Living for Your Family

AGENTS FOR THE

PHCENIX ASSURANCE COMPANY, LIMITED,

OF LONDON.

Can be provided at the cost of only a few dollars a year
I when that few dollars are invested

i In an Adequate Endowment Policy in the Equitable

•r.i

It means freedom from worry while you live, and inde-
pendence for your loved ones if you die. Ask for
information about it.

J. A. CLIFT, Agent,

LAW CHAMBERS, ST. JOHN'S.

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

PHCENIX

Assurance

Co., Ltd.,

OE LONDON,

ESTABLISHED 1782.

Annual Premiums $7,500,000

Fund held to meet losses 9,000,000

Uncalled Capital 12,000,000

. & G. RENDELL,

ST. JOHN'S. Agent for Nfld.

Nfld. Steam Screw Tug Co., Ltd.

D. P. Ingraham, Jt Launch Daisy,
Jt John Green. ' jt

Rates of Towage of Vessels In and out of St. John's Harbor, from a mile
outside the Heads to the Consignee's wharf, or from the Consignee's wharf
to a mile outside the Heads.

GROSS TO

60 Tons and und
From 60 to 100 To
pel ton a
" 101 to 125 T
" 126 to 150
" 151 to 175

" 176 tO 2OO
" 2OI tO 225

" 226 to 250
" 251 to 300

NNAGE.

er $4.00

4
t

GROSS TO

:>m 301 to 350 T

' 351 10400

401 to 450
451 to 500
501 to 550
551 to 600
601 to 700
701 to 800
' 801 to 900
' 901 to looo

>4NAGE.

ns (10 cts.

dditional.)

. . 26 oo

28.00

* I2.OO

* 14.00

16.00

38 oo

' 18.00

* 20.00

* 22.00

Vessels requiring the Steamer to go beyond the above limits as far as

N. B. — Special Rates, will be charged during the ite season.
The owners are not responsible for any damage done by the VesseP
towed, to themselves or others.

W H. STRONG, Manager.

1 Use

Royal

Household
Flour*

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I I I I I Mill I I I i p • i i • j i , i

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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Post Office Department

Parcels may be Forwarded by Post at Rates Given Below.
In the case of Parcels, for outside the Colony, the senders will ask for Declaration Form, upon which the Contents and Value mist be Stated

FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND
LABRADOR FROM JULY, 1904.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM.

FOR UNITED STATES.

FOR DOMINION
CANADA.

i pound

8 cents

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12 cents

1 5 cents.
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45
60

75
90
Si .05

Cannot exceed seven pounds
weight.

No parcel sent to D. of C. for
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2 pounds

ii "

24 ...

24 "

7 "

14 "

-56 "

4 "

17 «'

48 "

20 "

60 "

6 «

27 "

_ >•

26 "

84 "

8 «

20 "

06 "

9" ...

72 "

$1 08

.•1C "

II *'

1$ ''

72 "

Under i Ib. weight, I cent
per 2 oz.

No parcel sent to U K. for
less than 24 cents.

No parcel sent to U. S. for
less than 12 cents.

N.B. — Parcel Mails between Newfoundland and United States can only be exchanged by direct Steamers : say Red Cross Line to and from New York ;

Allan Line to and from Philadelphia.
Parcel Mails for Canada are closed at General Post Office every Tuesday at 3 p.m., for despatch by " Bruce" train.

General Post Office.

RSTES OF COMMISSION
ON MONEY ORDERS.

THE Rates of Commission on Money Orders issued by any Money Order Office in Newfoundland to the United States
of America, the Dominion of Canada, and any part of Newfoundland are as follows : —

For sums not exceeding $10 ........................... 5 cts. Over 550, but not exceeding 56o ........................ 30 cts.

Over Jio, but not exceeding $20 ........................ 10 cts. Over Soo, but not exceeding $70 ........................ 35 cts.

Over $20, but not exceeding $30 ........................ 15 cts. Over S/o, but not exceeding SSo ........................ 40 cts.

Over 1.30, but not exceeding $40 ........................ 20 cts. Over SSo, but not exceeding 590 ........................ 45 cts.

Over $40, but not exceeding £50 ........................ 25 cts. Over $90, but not exceeding Sioo ....................... 50 cts.

Maximum amount of a single Order to any of the ABOVE COUNTRIES, and to offices in NEWFOUNDLAND, $100.00, but as
many may be obtained as the remitter requires.

General Post Office St. John's, Newfoundland, September, fgoj. H, J. R. WOODS, Postmaster General.

GENERAL POST j* OFFICE.

Postage on Local Newspapers.

TT.is observed that BUNDLES OF LOCAL NEWSPAPERS, addressed to Canada and the United States, are frequently
•*• mailed without the necessary postage affixed; and, therefore, cannot be forwarded.

The postage required on LOCAL NEWSPAPERS addressed to Foreign Countries is i cent to each two ounces. Two
of our local newspaper?, with the necessary wrappers, exceeds the two ounces, and should be prepaid TWO CENTS.

H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

DEPARTMENT AGRICULTURE AND MINES.

NOTICE.

CONSIDERABLE ALTERATION having
been made in the mode of securing Titles to
Mining Locations by the Act passed during the
last Session of the Legislature, parties interested
can obtain copies of the said Act on application
to the Department of Agriculture and Mines
between the hours of 10 a.m. and 3 p.m.

HON. ELI DA WE,

Minister of Agriculture and Mines

Department of Agriculture and Mines,
September 22nd, 1903.

Queen
Fire Insurance Company

FUNDS.

, OOO,OOO

ii 1 1 1 tin 1 1 1 1 1

INSLR4NCE POLICIES

Against Loss or Damage by Fire

are issued by the above

well known office on the most

liberal terms.

JOHN CORMACK,

AGENT FOR NEWFOUNDLAND.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

$4 A MONTH

Is not very much for a young man of 20 to put
aside out of his salary, but if invested with the
CONFEDERATION LIFE it will give

To his family, if he dies before age 40, - - $1000.00
To himself, if he Hues to age 40, from - - $1 159.00

to $1372.00
according to plan selected.

Insue eal y, while your health is good.
You will get your money back earlier in life,
when you can use it better.

C O'N. CONROY,

GENERAL AGENT.

Law Chambers, St. John's.

HEARN & Co.

WHOLESALE ONLY..
AT LOWEST PRICES.

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MOLASSES.— Choice New Barbados, in Pun-
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. .ALSO. .

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Sole Agents for

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PRICE LISTS FURNISHED ON APPLICATION.

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General Merchants and Ship Owners^

*• *•

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where there is telegraphic communication.

.* NEWMAN'S .*

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In Cases of 1 doz. each,
at $8.25 in Bond; also,

in Hogsheads, Quarter Casks a±d Octaves.

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AGENTS.

Imperial Tobacco co.9 Ltd.

Manufacturers of Choice Tobaccos.

Smoking and Chewing,

Plug, Cut Plug, and Granulated.

fi@°-Some of our brands:

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' EMPIRE,"

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for housekeepers ; our small boxes of

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DAISY,"

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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY;

VOL. IV.— No. z.

OCTOBER, J904.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

CDe Old Coat of firms at placentia.

By Most Rev. M. F. Howley, D.D.

AMONG the Historical Relics, for which old Placentia is
notable, may be mentioned the painting of the Royal
Arms, which till lately hung in the Old Anglican Church
there, and is now, pending the erection of a new church,
in the custody of Mr. John Bradshaw. This emblem is
I suppose typical of the '• Church," while emblematic of
the '• State" is a bailiff's staff, preserved at the Court House,
which bears the same achievement of arms.

1 have not sufficient data to give the History of
these old relics, or to say how they came to be
lodged at Placentia; but I have thought that a de-
scription of them, and an explanation of the Arms,
might prove a subject sufficiently interesting for an
article in THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Many people think that the Art of Heraldry is
only an antiquated fancy, not far removed from
pureile folly, and that in these prosaic centuries a
study of these absurd mediaeval figures would be
a .-.hear waste of time. Such, however, is not really
the case. Although it must be admitted that in the
XV. and XVI. centuries this art, like many others,
becime very much degenerated, yet it cannot be
deniei th\t Heraldry has played an important part,
and exercised a powerful influence in moulding the
History of the World. It has also been of incal-
cuiable benefit in creating and fostering a taste for
tie fine arts; the fantastic forms of armorial bear-
ings and devices lending themselves admirably to
artistic decoration. No one can pretend to any
degree of perfection in Art, Sculpture, Architecture,
Archeology or Literature, without at least an ele-
mentary knowledge of the curious conceits and
technicil terminology, of this quaint branch of
science. Indeed it is almost impossible to read
with a true understanding and appreciation, not
only the higher .class of romance and literature,
such for instance as the works of Scott, but even
History itself can be but half understood without
the aid of Heraldry. In fact Heraldry may be called
" History in pictures." The explanation which I
am about to give of these old arms at Placentia
will show that not only the whole History of Eng-
land, but also a very considerable portion of that of Europe is
written upon that small piece of painting.

Again Heraldry has its utilitarian side. It serves to distin-
guish family alliances and descents, often of great legal import-
ance in settling questions of heredity and property, etc.

It is useful in the formation and organization of guilds and
corporations: in the invention of trade-marks of business rlrms :
in the designs of National Banners, and Royal Standards, which
become the recognized symbols of racial loyalty and national
fealty, which call forth in their defence the highest sentiments
and noblest feats of patriotism and heroic bravery.

Although it has become the custom in modern times and in
new countries, like our neighbors in the United States of Am-
erica, to despise as unworthy of serious thought the childish
heraldry of mediaeval Europe, yet it would seem that a symbol-
ism of some sort is a necessity of human intercommunication,
and those very people who reject with scorn the ingenious and
well-devised designs of ancient heraldry, have found it necessary

BAILIFFS

S I'AFF.

to adopt for themselves a spurious and mongrel imitation of the
truly poetic and romantic imagery of the middle ages. This
craving which seems inherent in the human heart, shows itself

cropping out in such tinsel and tawdry hybrids as '• The Knights
of Columbus," " The Knights of Pythias," " The Foresters," £c.

It may probably surprise some of the sons of the great modern
Republic to learn that their very national flag — their " Old
Glory," — uf which they are so justly proud, is not, as they may
have thought, a spick span new American invention or concep-
tion, but a survival and adaptation of old English heraldry. The
stars and stripes were originally the arms or heraldic bearings
of the family of Washington !

The first quarter of the coat of arms at Placentia is blazoned,
that is to say heraldically described, in the following manner: —

Gules, three lions passant guardant Or: in pale, for England.
For the benefit of the uninitiated, this may be explained as fol-
lows : On a red ground there are three lions in gold or yellow
colour passing or walking towards the left hand, and looking
full face at the beholder. These lions are placed one above the
other in the centre line of the shield.

This is the Arms of England
at the present day, and is to be
seen in the first and fourth (or
last) quarter of the Royal Stan-
dard, or upon British money.
The other two quarters, called
the second and third, being oc-
cupied respectively with the
arms of Scotland and Ireland:
(Fig. No. ..)

We will consider each of these
coats of arms separately. Firstly

THE ARMS

ENGLAND.

(NO. I.)

reign of Henry III., between

Among the symbols or emblems

used in heraldry the lion was a

very popular and much used

one, being the representative of

strength and courage. There is

a roll of arms drawn up in the

1243 and 1246, containing the blazons of 218 coats of arms,

and no less than forty of them exjiibit the Lion in one form or

another.

The lions on the English arms were those of Normandy, and
are supposed to have been brought over by the Conqueror; but
they were originally only two and they were not lions but
leopards, or as the French called them lionceaux. The first
reliable mention we find of them in connection with English
History is in a description given by the Monk of Marmoutier of
the enrollment of Geoffry, Count of Anjou, the father of Henry
II. Plantagenet into the order of Chivalry. His shield is de-
scribed as having " leunculos aureos imaginarios" — " imaginary-
little lions (or leopards) of gold." These animals like the griffins
are partly fabulous. They are called leones kopardes. They are
a cross between the lion and pard. The pard is a name given
indiscriminately to the tiger, panther, leopard, jaguar, cat-a-
mountain, and such like. It is alluded to by Shakespear, in the
well-known passage from " As you like it." — Act II.: Scene 7,
describing the Ages of Man. The fourth age is : —

" A Soldier
" Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

The third lion was added by Richard Cour de Lion, after
his return from captivity, 1194, King John before coming to the
throne signed or sealed with two lions, but after he became
king he used three, and so the seal has remained ever since.

On the Royal Arms of England, as we see them to-day, the
first quarter is entirely occupied by the arms of England, the
three lions as mentioned, but on this shield at Placentia it will
be noticed that this quarter is subdivided, as it is called "per
pak" or into two parts, side by side, called the dexter, (that
on the left hand of the observer) ; and the sinister, (that on
the right hand of the observer). The reason of this division
is to make a place for the arms of Scotland — the " Lion Ramp-
ant," which on the Royal Standard of to-day occupies alone
the second quarter. It will be observed that in this Placentia
coat of arms the second quarter is occupied by the Arms of
France, namely, three lilies, or fleurs de lis. We will now
consider

THE ARMS OK SCOTLAND.

The heraldic blazon of these arms is as follows : — " Or, a lion
rampant, gules, surronnded by a double tressure flory counter
flory of the second." In plain English, — On a yellow or golden
ground, a red lion standing on his hind legs with his fore paws
stretched out as if clawing or clutching, surrounded by a double
red border flowered on both sides. The origin of this arms is not
known. It is thus beautifully epitomized by Scott in Marmion —

" The ruddy lion ramps in gold

On Scotland's royal battle shield."

The arms of Scotland and of
Ireland were introduced into the
British escutcheon by James I.
of England and VI. of Scotland
in 1603. He gave the second
quarter of the shield to Scotland,
the third to Ireland, and the
first and fourth to the combined
arms of France and England,
quartered as in the time of the
Tudors. (Fig. No. 2.)

This marshalling was followed
by Charles I. But when Crom-
well established the Common-
wealth, being imbued with a
more republican spirit, he dis-
carded the Lions both of Eng-
land and Scotland and the
Lilies of France, and in their
stead placed the Cross of St. George for England and that of
St. Andrew tor Scotland, retaining the Harp of Ireland and
placing his own arms, a lion
rampant, very inconsistently
over all in an escutcheon of
" Pretence." (Fig. No. 3.)

With the restoration of
Charles II. the arms were
again brought back to their
former style as in the reign
of Charles I.

On the abdication of James
II. (1688) the Crown of Eng-
land was offered to William
III., Stadtholder of the United
Netherlands and Count of
Nassau. He was the son of
the eldest daughter of Chas. I.
Besides these titles William
held another, that of Prince of (No- 3-)

Orange. This title was derived from a beautiful Province of
that name in the South of France in the Department of Vaucluse.
It came into possession of the House of Nassau through Rene,
nephew of Prince Philibert of Orange in 1530. The sister of
Philibert had married the Count of Nassau. Rene dying child-
less his cousin William I., Stadtholder of the Netherlands, be-
came Prince of Orange, since which lime the family has assumed
the title of Orange-Nassau. In England this short Dynasty is

(No. 2.)

known as the Orange Stuarts. By a strange irony of fate this
title of Orange, his only Catholic title (as it may be called) is
the one by which he has become notorious and left his indelible
mark on the pages of English History. That title, accruing
from the smiling Province of Southern France : a country which
brings to our minds memories of peace and harmony only; of the
chivalrous days of the troubadours and ministrels of Provence I
Sad that it should have become the shibboleth of strife and
bloodshed, of hatred and racial antipathy, of internecine war,
of fratricidal feuds, of political and fanatic animosity and sec-
tarian intolerance, which for so many centuries have afflicted the
once peaceful shores of Ireland ! Let us hope that the curtain
may soon be drawn over this sad scene of the drama of Irish
History.

William III., Prince of Orange,
on ascending the throne of Eng-
land introduced another change
in the Royal Escutcheon. He
marshalled the Arms of Nassau :
— Azure, seme of billets, a lion
rampant or. This coat was
placed en surtout, or on an
inescutcheon of Pretence in
the centre of the Royal Arms.
(Fig. No. 4.)

In the reign of Anne another
change was made. During her
reign occurred, in 1707, the
Union of the Parliaments of
England and Scotland, under
the name of The Parliament of
Great Britain. At this time also
the celebrated Duke of Marlborough
war in the Netherlands, and making
progress. The victories of Blenheim,
Malplaquet, &c., followed hard upon

(No. 4.)

was carrying on the
a sort of triumphant
Ramillies, Ondenarde,
each other. In honor of

these victories Queen Anne made a change in the Royal Escut-
cheon. She withdrew the Arms of Scotland from the second
quarter, placing them, as we have seen 'Mn pale" with the
British Arms, on the first quarter, and gave the whole of the
second quarter up to the Arms of France, as we see them on
this shield at Placenta. She left Ireland in its original place
on the third quarter; repeated on the fourth quarter the com-
bined Arms of England and Scotland, and discarded the Arms
of Nassau. The changes in the fourth quarter (on the Placentia
shield) were introduced with the House of Brunswick and will
be explained later on.

Mary Queen of Scotts, having married the Dauphin of France
quartered his arms (quarterly, ist and 4th, the Arms of France
three fleurs de lis ; 2nd and 3rd or, a dolphin embowed azure)
with those of Scotland. When her husband became King of
France, as Francis II., she quartered the Arms of France (three
Lilies) with her own. But before this she was induced by her
father-in-law, Henry II., to quarter the arms of England on her
shield. This was an occasion of jealousy and fear to Queen
Elizabeth and will be alluded to further on.

During the reigns of the Stuarts the custom prevailed of
marshalling the Arms (at least for Scotland) in the following
manner, viz.: quarterly, ist and 4th, Scotland ; 2nd, France and
England ; 3rd, Ireland. Thus giving Scotland the place of
honour. This custom was also continued (for Scottish coins)
by William III. He, however, added the Arms of Nassau
en surtout as he had done on the English coins. Even the
unfortunate first Pretender, assumed these arms and had a coin
struck in 1716, giving himself the title of James III. and
James VIII. Although this pretension of the Stuarts was vain
and merely theoretic, still England permitted the use of these
arms long after the Union of the Parliaments of England and
Scotland.

When in Edinburgh, in 1902, I copied a very interesting
coat of arms from a fountain in front of Holy Rood Palace.
The marshalling was novel and striking. The shield was divided
" per pale," the whole of the dexter side — the place of honor-
being charged with the Lion of Scotland, while on the sinister

Supplement to " The Old Coat of Arms at Placentia"

oi.n C:HURCH AT PLACENTIA — EXTERIOR.

OLD C1URCH AT PLACENTIA— INTERIOR.

Supplement to " The Old Coat of Arms at Placentia?

ROYAL ARMS AT PLACEN TIA.

iz Photograph by Kt. Rev. Afgr. Reunion.

COIN OK THE REIGN OF GEORGE II.

COMMUNION SERVICE AND BIBLES PRESENTED BY THE DUKE OF CLARENCE (WILLIAM IV.),

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

TaT"&r) s'e were tne usual quarterings
iff— MrolT'l °f the Arms of England and

i . . W*TI France. (Fig. No. 5)

The fountain was erected by
the late Prince Consort during
his sojourn in Edinburgh, and
is a reproduction of a more an-
cient one at Linlithgow Palace,
erected by King James V.

THE FRENCH ARMS.

Although the Fleur de Lys
was from time immemorial used
in ornamentation of crowns and
scepters, it .seems to have been
first formally adopted as the
Arms of Royalty in Erance by
Louis VII. called Lejeutic, in
1147. He adopted this cogniz-
ance when about to proceed to the crusade. His shield was
"Seme" or "Sown" with these lilies, that is to say, there were
several of them scattered over the field as seeds are sown broad-
cast. They were of gold on an azure or blue ground. In an
ordinance concerning the coronation of his son Philip Augustus,
it is declared that the mantle, the chaussures, and the oriflamme
are to be sown with fleurs de lis. as described by the poet Rigord :
" Vexillum floribus liliorum distinctum."

The number of Lilies was reduced to three by Chas. V. (1376)
in honor of the Most Holy Trinity — " Pour Symbolise) la Sainte
Trinite" and continued so till the destruction of the monarchy.
This modification of the number of the lilies was not accepted
in England until the reign of Henry IV., 1399. The three lilies
are placed in the form of a triangle, the base being upwards the
apex below, thus v They are said to be placed "two and one."
This is always understood in Heraldry to be the disposition of
the charges when they are simply mentioned as three without
any qualification. If placed otherwise it is always mentioned
as "per fesse," "per p.ile," "per bend," &c. If three charges
are placed with the apex upwards thus .'. it is bad heraldry and
they are said to be " mal ordonnes." I find that while on the
old coat of arms in the church at Placentia the lilies are placed
properly, yet on the bailiff's staff they are wrongly placed or
"mal ordonnes This is owing to the form of the shield, oval,
which would not allow of their being placed properly.

The claim of England to the Crown of France originated with
Edward III., who claimed it in right of his mother Isabella,
sister of the French King, who could not succeed to the throne
owing to the Salic law. After the Battle ot Sluys in which he
completely annihilated the French fleet ( 1340) he placed the
French Arms on the English escutcheon, and assumed the title
of King of France, which was retained by the English Sovereign
ever after with a slight respite during the Commonwealth, until
1801, when, on the Parliamentary Union of Great Britain and
Ireland, it was finally abandoned, and the lilies were stricken
out from the British escutcheon. This empty claim to a title,
which was purely fictitious, and had no real or actual dominion
attached to it, at least ever sincfe the loss of Calais, 1556, the
last French town held by England, seems almost puerile in these
modern prosaic days, but in the ages of chivalry a good deal of
store was laid by it, and it played no small part in the moulding
of British History. Thus when Elizabeth was negotiating a
peace with France, the French King being annoyed because she
retained the style and title of Queen of France, in retaliation
caused his daughter-in-law — Mary Queen of Scotts — to assume
the title and style of " Queen of England and Ireland". This
assumption not only irritated Elizabeth extremely and wounded
her pride, but it seriously alarmed her ; for it cast a doubt upon
her legitimacy and her right to the Crown. Consequently it
embittered the feelings between those two cousin queens, so as
to lead to the captivity and final execution of Mary Stuart. In
fact all through her reign Elizabeth was haunted by this bug-bear
of Mary Stuart assuming the title, style and arms of England
Although Mary declared that she never intended to put this
claim into actual effect, still it was always a subject of jealousy,
the abandonment of which entered into every negotiation of
peace with France ; and tinged the whole attitude of Elizabeth

towards Scotland and her beautiful but unfortunate Queen.
We next come, to consider

THE ARMS OF IRELAND,

which occupy the third quarter of the shield. The heraldic
blazon of this coat is "Azure, a harp or: stringed argent."
That is to say, on a blue ground, a golden harp with silver
strings. The first thing that attracts our attention concerning
this achievement is the colour of the field or ground, which is
blue. At the present day it is well known that the green has
been adopted by the people of Ireland as the

NATIONAL COLOUR ;

but antiquaries and experts in this heraldic art tell us that this selection is
of comparatively modern date. By some it is said to have its origin from
the blending of the colours of the two opposing factions — the orange and
blue — by the United Irishmen at the close of the XVIII. Century (1791),
under the celebrated Theobald Wolfe Tone. But on the other hand good
authorities say that the green was used as the colour of the National Stan-
dard of Ireland as far back at least as the XVI. Century. Sir Bernard J.
Burke, " Ulster King of Arms," says that " Previous to the Anglo-Norman
invasion there was no colour or standard for 1 reland at large. Brian Boru's
banner at Clontarf was red. The favourite colours in those days were
crimson, saffron, and blue. Green was not in favour. . . . Since the
introduction of English Rule the national colour, established by, and derived
from, the Royal Arms has been invariably blue. But this colour has not
taken in modern Ireland, and Sir Bernard himself when called upon to com-
pose the Arms for the Royal University of Ireland ( 1881), blazons the
Arms of Leinster as vert (i.e. green), an Irish harp or. The adoption of
green by Sir B. Burke instead of blue, as heretofore, was either in deference
to modern national sentiment, or perhaps for sake of distinction, as he gave
azure (blue) for Minister, and the field of the Connaught Arms is also
argent and azure. As all the four Provinces are quartered on the shield,
there would have been three azures, which would not have a good effect.
May we not hope that when Ireland gains " Home Rule," which now seems
to be not far distant, the concession to her national aspirations may be made
of changing her quarter of the National Standard from blue to green !
With regard to the

"GOLDEN HARI>"

of Erin, a few words may be of interest. At what time the harp was selected
as the Emblem of Ireland is unknown. It is probably in remembrance of
the liar]) of Brian Born, and distinguishes Ireland as a music-loving
country. Moore's beautiful lines on the Origion of the Harp are of the
highest order of poetry, but of course all pure romance. It is certain that
the Harp was acknowledged as the Emblem of Irelad in the XVI. Century.
We have already stated that King lames I., who ascended the throne in
1603, placed the harp on the Royal Escutcheon as the achievement of
Ireland. In an Edition of Keating's History of Ireland, published in 1/25,
there is given a representation of Bjian Bom. We have already mentioned
that the colour of his banner was red, and strange to say, on his escutcheon
in this engiavyig the arms are given exactly as those of England, namely,
three lions rampant, guardant "in pale." This is the arms of the O'Brien
family at present. The harp, however, is represented on this picture as
embroidered on a cloth which rests on a table beside him.

Henry VIII. in 1526 issued coins for Ireland : a groat bearing the harp.
This is, I believe, the oldest representation we have of the harp as Ireland's
Emblem. It was continued in subsequent reigns. King James II. issued
copper coins for Ireland (farthings) in 1613 bearing the harp. It was
thought that they might not be received by the people of England, as being
only in base metal. Hence the harp was placed on them as they were
thought good enough for Ireland.

Cromwell also, in 1649, issued
special coins for Ireland. They
had two shields, one bearing the
harp, the other the cross of Saint
George. These shields were united
at the top, symbolizing the union
of the two kingdoms. The shields
thus joined bore a fancied resem-
blance to a pair of breeches.
Hence this coinage was called i "
"Breeches Money." (Eig. No. 6.) \

We now come to consider the
charges on the

FOURTH QUARTER
of the arms at Placentia. It will
be seen at a glance that they are
quite different from those which
occupy the fourth place on the

Arms of the present day,
are simply a repetition of

(No. 6.)

Royal
which
the first quarter^ viz. : the three lions of England.

The heraldic blazon of this quarter is as follows : Tierced per pairte
reversed; 1st gules, two lions passant guardant or; for Brunswick, 2nd or,
seme of hearts gules, a lion rampant azure, for Lunenberg; 3rd (in point)
gules, a horse courant argent for Westphalia or Saxony. It is still to be
seen carved on the chalk hills of Dover. On an inescutcheon, upon this
fourth quarter, is the so-called " Crown of Charlemagne." These combined
arms constitute the achievement of the Electorate of Hanover. As they
do not appear very clear on our engraving, which is taken from a photo-
graph by the Right Rev. Monsignor Reardon, the original being now much

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

blurred and injured by time, I give also, on accompanying supplement,
an engraving of a coin of nearly the same period, and bearing precisely the
same arms. This will enable the reader to understand more clearly the
exact style of the escutcheon.

These arms were thus borne on the English Escutcheon until ist January,
1801, when, on the Parliamentary Union of Great Britain and Ireland the
arms of France were discarded; the lions of England repeated in the fourth
quarter; and the arms of Hanover were placed on an inescutcheon of pre-
tence over all (en sitrtout) in the centre of the shield. This inescutcneon
was at first ensigned or surmounted by the Electoral Bonnet, until the year
1815, when, after the treaty of Vienna, Hanover was made a Kingdom.
The Electoral Bonnet was then supplanted by a Crown. They were thus
borne until they were finally abandoned on the occasion of Queen Victoria,
1837, as we shall see later on.

Finally we come to consider the

SHIELD OF PRETENCE

in the centre of this quarter, and
which bears, as we have stated,

" THE CROWN OF CHARLE-
MAGNE."— (NO. 7.)

George Lewis Guelf, Elector of
Hanover, son of Ernest Augustus,
Elector of Hanover, &c., &c., and
Sophia, daughter of Elizabeth
Stuart', Queen of Bohemia, sister
of Charles I. of England, succeed-
ed, or rather acceded, to the Crown
_, on the death of Queen Anne,

August ist, 1714. He brought
with him a confusing number of German and foreign titles, among which
was that of " Archtreasurer of the Holy Roman Empire !'' It was in view
of this fictitious title that he quartered on his arms the (also fictitious)
" Crown of Charlemagne." This title was doubly or triply fictitious. In
the first place the Empiie itself was fictitious; his claim to the Treasurer-
ship was fictitious; the treasurership itself was fictitious, and the emblem,
the so-called Crown of Charlemagne, is fictitious.
A few words here concerning the

HOLY ROMAN EMl'lRK

may not be considered out of place. The old Roman Empire, founded by
Julius and Augustus Cccsar, was divided at the close of the IV. Century
(395) between Arcadius and Honorius, sons of Theodasius the Great, into
the Eastern and Western Empires. The capital of the Eastern was Con-
stantinople, of the Western Rome. In the year 476 the Western Empire
was overthrown by Odoacer. In the following (VI.) Century Justinian
became Emperor of the whole Empire, and though retaining Rome, he still
kept his Court at Constantinople. This state of things lasted until the year
800, when Charlemagne. King of the Franks, was crowned at Rome by
Pope Leo III. as Emperor of the New Roman Empire, called the Holy
Roman Empire. The imperial title had fallen very low under succeeding
Emperors till the time of Otto the Great (962) who revived some of its
glory. From his time down the' German Emperors kept the title, until the
year 1806, when Francis II., Archduke of Austria, King of Bohemia and
Hungary, &c., resigned the imperial title and assumed the title of Emperor
of Austria, with him the " Holy Roman Empire" ended. *

George's claim to the office of Archtreasurer, &c., was based upon an
intricate chain of consanguinial descent, from the House of Guelf, son of
Isembert, Count of Aldtdorf, and Irmintrude, sister of Charlemagne The
Crown which he marshalled on his arms, and which is erroneously called
"the Crown of Charlemagne," is in reality a Southern Italian piece of
workmanship of the XI. Century. Until the year 1796 it was preserved in
the Church of the Holy Ghost at Nnrenberg; at the present time it is in
the Treasure Chamber at Vienna. The letters S.R.I.A.TH. on the Coin,
shown on supplement, apply to this rather nebulous claim of the Electors
of Hanover. The full reading is SA.NCTI ROMANI IMPERII ARCHI-THES-
AURARIUS. In English it reads— Archtreasurer of the Holy Roman Empiie.
The other caballistic letters refer to the various other German and foreign
offices which were held by the Elector of Hanover, and which were insinu-
ated into the "style and title" of the first Monarch of the House of Bruns-
wick. Though not immediately relevant to our present subject, a few words
in explanation of them may not be without interest. This Coin, as will be
seen by the date (1729), belongs to the reign of George II. It is conse-
quently of older date than the painting at Placentia. But as the achieve-
ment is the same, it serves as an example. We can see of course only one
side in this engraving. It is called the reverse side. The obverse side (which
we do not here see) bears a bust of the King, with the inscription Georgius
II., Dei Gratia (George II. by the Grace of God). Then on the reverse
we have the following letters:— M. B. F. ET. H. REX. F. D. B. ET. L. D.S.
R.I.A.T. ET. E. 1729. The reading in full of which is as follows: Magna
Britannia;, Francis, Et Hibernian, Rex, Fidei Defensor, Brunsvicensis Et
Lunmbergensis, Dux, Sacri Roman! Imperil Archi-THesaurarius ET
In English—" King of Great Britain, France and Ireland, De-
fender of the Faith, Duke of Brunswick and Lunenberg, Arch-Treasurer of
the Holy Roman Empire, and Elector."

Besides these this Monarch bore a few other titles, which he probably
ldnot thmk worth recording, or, perhaps, there was no room for them on

r- *ul,'S ^\.this account that the Prayer formerly said in the Liturgy of the
Catholic Church on Good Friday, "Pro Christianissimo Imparatore Nostro"
has been suppressed. Not, as has been ignorantly thought by some because
the Church of Rome refuses to pay due honor to temporal sovereigns

the coin. Among them was that of Lay Bishop (!) of Osnabruck, Duke of
Calenberg, Zell, &c., &c.

The first part of this Inscription relating to the claim of the King of
England to the Crown of France and Ireland has already been fully ex-
plained ; also that relating to the Holy Roman Empire.

F. D.

The title of Fidei defensor, Defender of the Faith, adopted by the Sov-
ereigns of Great Britain, was originally conferred on Henry VIII. by Pope
Leo X. in the year 1521. It was granted to Henry for his celebrated work,
a treatise on "The Seven Sacraments," written by the King (or at least ac-
credited to him) in reply to Luther's " Babylonish Captivity of the Church."
A copy of this work bound in cloth of gold, and bearing the King's auto-
graph, was presented to the Pope, who read it with delight and eagerness,
and published a Bull conferring the above mentioned title on the Royal
Author. In this work Henry defended the doctrine of Transubstantiation,
the Mass, Seven Sacraments, &c. Doctrines which were afterwards repudi-
ated, and which up to the present day the Sovereign of England is obliged,
on his accession to the throne, to declare that he believes to be idolatrous
and blasphemous, yet by a strange inconsistency he retains the title con-
ferred by the Pope. Whether it was owing to a sense of this incongruity
or not, 1 cannot say, but in the year 1849 (I2th Victoria) a Florin was
struck, on which these letters (F. D.) as well as the others [D. G.] did not
appear. The inscription being simply I'ictoria Kegina. The omission of
these letters offended the sense of the nation. The coins were designated
" Godless" or " Graceless" money. The issue was immediately withdrawn
and a new issue struck containing the letters F. D. The throne of
Hanover, which had been an appanage of the English Sovereign since the
time of George I., became vacant on the accession of Queen Victoria, as,
according to the Salic law, women were excluded from the succession.
The crown of this little kingdom was therefore conferred upon her uncle,
the Duke of Cumberland.

There is no date upon this coat of arms at Placentia, but it bears the
initials G. III. R. The old Staff, however, at the Court House, bears the
date of 1772, and it is probable that they are both of the same age. This
date is prior to the erection either of the old Court House 01 the old
Anglican Church. Accoiding to Judge Prowse [Chronological Table,
p. 653] the former was built in 1774, two years later than the date of the
Statt. Hence it could not have been presented to the Court House. But
Prowse tells us [p. 314] that Court was held in Placentia as far back at least
as 1749 "in a dingy room in Thomas Kennedy's house." On July 2Oth,
1786, ll.R.H. William, Duke of Clarence, [afterwards William IV.] pre-
sided, at the Court House in Placentia in his capacity of Surrogate or
Magistrate. Prowse also tells us [p. 366] that the building of the Church
was ordered by the Prince in 1787. "He contributed handsomely to its
erection," continues Judge Piowse, " and furnished the massive Communion
Service long in the custody of Dr. Bradshaw's family at Platentia."

I have no knowledge of the date of this presentation, but it must have
been much later than the date of the Arms. Piobably more light may be
forthcoming on this point.

I have now told all I know of interest about these old Arms, and only
trust I may not have occupied too much space or wearied the readers of
THK NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTKRI.Y.

tM. F. HOWLEV.

* Che exile's Daughter, #

By J). Carroll.

THRICE welcome stranger fair are you
To this your fathei's native home,
Who left the grasses waving blue

Beneath Kentucky's azure dome;
And sought our Island Home to view,

The hills thy father loved to roam,
The friends that he in boyhood knew

To make perchance. those friends thine own.
*******
We may not meet again, yet still,

That we hate met this once shall be,
A link within our lives that will

Grow strong with years of Memory :
For you'll remember happy days

And friendships formed beside the sea,
And we'll remember one who strays

Where blue grass waves in Kentucky.

'THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY"

— AN ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE —

Issued svery third month about the I5th of March, June, September and

December from the office
34 Prescott Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

IOHN J. EVANS, -:- -:. .:. PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR,

To whom all Communications should be addressed.

Subscription Rales:

Single Copies, each ,o cents

One V ear, in advance, Newfoundland and Canada 40 "

Foreign Subscriptions (except Canada) 50 "

Advertising Rates

830.00 per page ; one-third of a page, Jio.oo; one-sixth of a page, Scoo;
one-twelfth of a page, £2.50. Special rates for illustrative advertising; and
trade cuts or half-tone plates obtained on order for same.

Photo, by James Viy.

ST. BONAVCIMTURE'S COLLEGE! SPORTS, I9O4.

Photo, by Jamis Vey.

C. E. I. AND C. L. B. SPORTS, St. George's Field, ISO*.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

CONSTABULARY fIRE DEPARTMENT.-fIRE ALARM TELEGRAPH.

EASTERN DISTRICT.

NO. LOCATION OF BOXES.

12— Temperance Street, foot Signal-hill Road.

13 — Factory Lane.

14 — Water Street, foot Cochrane Street.

15 — Duckworth Street, corner King's Road.

16 — Cochrane Street, corner Gower Street.

17 — Colonial Street, corner Bond Street.

18 — Inside Colonial Building, special box.
112 — Inside Hospital, Forest Road, special box.
113 — Penitentiary, corner Quidi Vidi Road.
114 — Military Road, comer King's Bridge Road
115 — Circular Road, comer Bannerman Road.
1 16 — King's Bridge Rd., near Railway Crossing
117 — Opposite Government House Gate.
1 18 — Rennie's Mill Road.

CENTRAL DISTRICT.

21 — Horwood's Lumber Works, special box.

22 — Water Street, foot Prescott Street.

23 — Water Street, foot McBride's Hill.

24 — Gower Street, corner Prescott Street.

25 — Market House Hill.

26 — Duckworth Street, corner New Gower Street .

27 — Cathedral Square, foot Garrison Hill.

28 — Long's Hill, and corner Livingstone Street.
221 — Military Road, Rawlins' Cross.
223 — Hayward Avenue, corner William Street.
224 — Monkstown Road, foot of Fleming Street.
225 — Gate Roman Catholic Orphanage, Belvedere.
226 — Carter's Hill and Cookstown Road.
227 — Lime Street and Wickford Court.
228 — Freshwater Road and Cookstown Road.
231 — Scott Street, corner Cook Street.
232 — Inside Savings' Bank, special box.
234 — Queen's Road, corner Allen's Square.
235 — Centre Cartel's Hill.

WESTERN DISTRICT.

31— Water Street, foot Adelaide Street.

32 — New Gower Street, corner Queen Street.

34 — Waldegrave and George Street.

35 — Water Street, foot Springdale Street.

36 — Water Street, foot Patrick Street.

37 — Head Pleasant Street.

38 — Brazil's Square, corner Casey Street.

30 — Inside Boot & Shoe Factory, special box.
331— LeMarchant Rd., head Barter's Hill.
332 — Pleasant Street.

334 — Patrick Street, corner Hamilton Street.
335 — Inside Poor Asylum, special box.
336 — Torpey's, Cross Roads, Riverhead.
337 — Hamilton Avenue, corner Sudbury Street.
338 — Flower Hill, corner Duggan Street.

42 — Southside, near Long Bridge.

43 — Central, Southside.

46 — Road near Lower Dnndee Premises.

On the discovery of a fire, go to the nearest box. break the glass, take the key, open the door of the large box, and give the alarm by pulling the Hook all the way down OBCe, then let
go and listen for the working ot the machinery in the box. If you do not hear it, pull again. After giving the alarm, remain at the box, so as to direct the Fire Brigade where to go.

CAUTION. — Persons wilfully giving false alarms, or damaging the Fire Alarm apparatus, will be rigorously prosecuted.
"FIRE OUT SIGNAL."— Two strokes on the large Hell, repeated three times, thus: II— II— II.

JOHN R. McCOWEN, Inspector-General.

Customs Circular

No. 15.

WHEN TOURISTS, ANGLERS and SPORTSMEN
arriving in this Colony bring with them Cameras,
Bicycles, Angler's Outfits, Trouting Gear, Fire-arms
and Ammunition, Tents, Canoes and Implements, they shall be
admitted under the following conditions : —

A deposit equal to the duty shall be taken on such articles as
Cameras, Bicycles, Trouting Poles, Fire-arms, Tents, Canoes,
and tent equipage. A receipt (No. i) according to the form
attached shall be given for the deposit and the particulars of
the articles shall be noted in the receipt as well as in the
marginal cheques. Receipt No. 2 if taken at an outport office
shall be mailed at once directed to the AssistantJCpllector,
St. John's, if taken in St. John's the Receipt No. 2 shall be sent
to the Landing Surveyor.

Upon the departure from the Colony of the Tourist, Angler
or Sportsman, he may obtain a refund of the deposit by pre-
senting the articles at the Port of Exit and having them com-
pared with the receipt. The Examining Officer shall initial on
the receipt the result of his examination and upon its correctness
being ascertained the refund may be made.

No groceries, canned goods, wines, spirits or provisions of
any kind will be admitted free and no deposit for a refund may
be taken upon such articles.

R W. LeMESSURIER,

Assistant. Collector*

CUSTOM HOUSE,

St. John's, Newfoundland, 22nd June, 1903.

C. NURSE.

C. AUSTIN.

NURSE & CO.,

Ship and Sanitary

Plumbers,
Gasfitters, &c.

Estimates cheerfully given on all work in the above line.

All orders personally attended
to and satisfaction guaranteed.

129 Gower Street, St. John's, Newfoundland

JOHN KEAN,

\U ADELAIDE STREET,

Boot and Shoe Maker.

Hand Sewing a Specialty.
Strictest attention paid to
all work. <£ <£ <£

Outport Orders Solicited.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

,< progress in Deivfoundland. .*

" Better fifty years of Europe than a cycle of Cathay."
sang Alfred Lord Tennyson in Locksley Hall; but to-day

even Cathay is moving. The East is no longer asleep.

What means the sudden emergence of Japan as a world

power, defeating on land and sea one of the mightiest

nations of Europe? What means the military training
under Japanese officers of numbers of Chinese in the different
Provinces of China ? These mean that henceforth the Japanese
will claim the right to dominate the Far East, and that the anti-
cipated division of Chinese territory between Western Powers
will not materialize. Yes, the East is moving. And the pro-
gress of the West still goes forward by leaps and bounds. At
present the United States of America is making a water-way
between North and South America for the commerce of the
world, and Canada is gathering in citizens by the thousand to
develop the resources of her great North West, and will soon
become the granary of the Empire.

History is being rapidly made in the morn of the 2oth Century;
and in the general advance, Newfoundland is claiming a share.
Not long since the supplying merchant held in his keeping the
conditions almost of life and death, certainly of sufficiency and
want. Fishermen were afraid to speak, for to offend him meant
no outfit for the fishery and, consequently, no means of obtain-
ing a livelihood and no food. This is largely a thing of the past.
The supplying merchant is still here, and still needed, but the
fisherman sees another open door — he is no longer a slave.

The contrast between the Newfoundland of to-day and that
even of 1900 is marvellous. What patriotic Newfoundlander
can recall the condition of things existing in 1900 without
trembling as if awaking from a horrible nightmare ? A crush-
ing debt had been created by the construction of the railway;
but at that time only the debt remained as the country's heritage,
the railway having become the property of a Company. Tele-
graph lines, Municipal Basin, and over 3,000,000 additional
acres of land — including mineral and timber lands, squatters'
claims, and hundreds of miles of water-side — had all been
handed over, and Newfoundlanders were practically without a
country. Was ever a people brought to a more humiliating
condition apart from a disastrous war ? And as if that were
not sufficient, a definite, persistent and carefully organized
attempt was being made to obtain control of the Legislature of
the Colony. In that hour of awful gloom a great cry went up
to heaven : —

" Give us men ! A time like this demands

Strong minds, great hearts, true faith, and ready hands;

Men whom the lust of office does not kill;
Men whom the spoils of office cannot buy ;

Men who possess opinions and a will ;

Men who have honour, men who will not lie ;

Men who can stand before a demagogue,

And damn his treacherous flatteries without winking !

Tall men, sun-crowned, who live above the fog
In public duty and in private thinking :

For while the rabble with their thumb-worn creeds,

Their large professions and their little deeds,

Mingle in selfish strife, — lo ! Freedom weeps,

Wrong rules the land, and waiting Justice sleeps 1"

Heaven heard that cry, men were given, the Legislature was
rescued, and the recovery of our forfeited honour and inde-
pendence became a possibility. It was no light task which
confronted the newly elected Parliament of 1900 ; the task of

By Newfoundlander.

undoing a great evil is always difficult. Nor has it even yet
been fully accomplished. At the present moment, the knife is
being sharpened to carve the pound of flesh — blood included —
from poor Antonio's body. Wounds so deep heal not in a few
short years. But if the restoration is not complete, enough has
been accomplished to inspire confidence in the future. The
reversion of the railway, the telegraph lines and over 3,000,000
acres of land have been recovered. And it is to the eternal
credit of the Government that no harsh measures were used in
obtaining these things; though, possibly, circumstances may
have justified the employment of such measures. Nothing was
done to weaken the confidence of capitalists in the honour of
the Colony. A quid pro quo was paid in hard cash or its
equivalent. Our heritage was redeemed. Successful efforts have
been made in other directions also in the line of improvement.
The burdens of the travelling public have been relieved by the
new Coastal Contract; the pressure of taxation has been light-
ened by the removal of duty from a number of the necessaries of
life; and, last but not least, a Contract relieving Newfoundland
of French territorial and exclusive fishery claims has been
signed, and passed by the Imperial Legislature, and now only
awaits ratification by the French Government.

It is impossible, therefore, to compare Newfoundland as it
was in 1900 with what it is in 1904 without seeing that vast
strides upwards have been taken. Have we reason to hope
that this upward tendency will be continued? Perhaps; but it
is necessary to remember that " Eternal vigilence is the price of
freedom," and that national progress cannot be had at less cost
than National Freedom.

Cbe Pilgrim,

By D. Can-oil.

OLD HOME, I feel that thrill again
That stirred my heart when life was new,
As 'cross the Gulf our good ship strains
To reach thy land-locked waters blue.
Old friends, old scenes, old mem'ries too
Shall crowd to meet me on the shore,
And cheat old time one day to woe

Old dreams, in haunts we loved of yore.

The path that winds across the hill

Is calling with a mystic voice,
The trees are beck'ning from the heights,

The brooklet sings, " rejoice ! rejoice !!"
The valley's glad with sun and song,

The land is gay with one refrain,
Nature's and friendship's best, that vie

To greet the wand'rer home again.

" Do you remember ?" sings the breeze,

O'er many a spot where we've delayed,
The well beside the road, the bridge,

The cove where one bright eve we stayed
And watched the twilight on the sea

Change dreamily to night and stars,
Then you were all the world to me ;

That mem'ry, time, nor distance mars.

O, many a distant clime I've trod

Since that glad summer eventide,
Mid gorgeous scenes, but this is still

More lovely than all else beside.
For here I won my angel bride,

But ah, my restless feet would roam,
'Neath starlit southern skies she died

Still dreaming of her Island Home.
******
Farewell 1 I breath it once again,

Land of my heart's best love, Farewell I
Fain would I in thy arms remain

And calmly rest whate'er befell.
But I must haste away and dwell

Where cities plaud the strenuous hand,
Yet, o'er the roar of marts shall swell

This song, " I love the Newfoundland."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Cbc Colonial policp of tbc Raaical partp.

By Rev. M. J.

TMTHEN I was a young man," said Earl Russel (more
\nj remembered as Lord John) to Mr. Lecky in 1870,
" it was thought the part of a statesman to turn a
small Kingdom into a great Empire; now it seems
to be thought to be the part of a statesman to turn
a great Empire into a small Kingdom." Those were the days
in which a school was in the ascendant that regarded the
Colonies not only as a present burden, but as never likely to be
niiything else, and as certain to separate from the Mother-
Country as soon as they grew capable of making any return for
the protection which had sheltered their infancy. Men remem-
bered how the Mother-Country had fought a great war for the
advantage of the original Thirteen Colonies, and how those
Colonies, when asked to defray part of the expense of the army
which defended them against the Indian Tribes, had risen in
revolt, and had called in the aid of the very nations with which
the Mother-Country had for their sake quarrelled. Men forgot
that we are not like the American Colonists. Thus the view
was taken that the only possible policy with regard to Colonies
was to drift along, to do little for them, and to expect nothing
in return. And now a school arose caring nothing for prestige,
and eager to be rid of the Colonies at the earliest moment
possible.

Sir Henry Taylor, one of the most accomplished men who
have ever been employed in the Colonial Office, tells us in his
Autobiography how in the year 1864 he wrote the following
letter to his chief, the Duke of Newcastle, in company with a
memorandum on the defence of North America which had been
sent over from the War Office :

" As to our American Colonies, I have long held and often
expressed the opinion that they are a damnosa hcrtditas ; and
when your Grace and the Prince of Wales were employing your-
selves so successfully in conciliating the Colonies, I thought
you were drawing closer ties which might better be slackened,
if there were any chance of their slipping away altogether. I
think that a policy, which has regard to a not very far-off future,
should prepare facilities and propensities for separation. . . .
In my estimation, the worst consequence of the late dispute
with the United States has been that of involving this country
and the North American Provinces in closer relations and a

common cause.

. Sir Erederick Rogers (Lord Blachford), the permanent Under-
secretary for the Colonies, wrote thus to Taylor in 1865 :

" I go very far with you in the desire to shake off all respon-
sibly-governed Colonies ; and as to North America, I think if
we abandon one, we had bettei abandon all. I should wholly
abhor being left with a pitiful remnant on my hands — say,
Prince Edward Island or Newfoundland. I also go with you in
hating the the talk about prestige."

Greater and more powerful men than Taylor or Rogers ex-
pressed these views publicly. During the great American con-
flict in which the principle of Union "stamped out in blood"
(to use Senator Lodge's words) " the principles of the Declara-
tion of Independence," Bright in his place in parliament more
than once proclaimed his hope and his assurance that British
North America would declare its independence — and unite with
the American Republic ; and during the debates on the British
North America Act in 1867 he repeated the wish, though not
the prediction.

During the American Civil War, Mr. Goldwin Smith, while
travelling in the United States? received a letter from Gladstone,

Ryan, Ph.D.

intended for publication, but suppressed by Mr. Smith from
regard for his friend's position in public life; in this letter the
Chancellor of the Exchequer offered to the North the amazing
suggestion that, if it would not harden its heart but would let the
South go, it might have have all British America as compensa-
tion. When Gladstone afterwards formed his first Government,
he entrusted the Colonial Office to Lord Granville — now almost
forgotten, and remembered only as the feeblest of foreign
Secretaries. At the Colonial Office, he wrote a letter to the
Prime Minister of Canada informing him that " Her Majesty's
Government" would prefer that Canada should separate from
the Mother-Country, and then annex itself to the United States.
The Canadian Nation was founded by Frenchmen against whom
the Americans had stirred up a war of conquest, and by men
of English blood who were hunted from their homes like wild
beasts simply because of their loyalty to a United Empire; to
the sons of such men, the suggestion of Gladstone's Government
that they should turn themselves into Americans resembles what
Gladstone himself once said of an invitation from the Turks to
the Cretans to become (and to call themselves) Turks — "nearly
the most daring insult ever offered to civilized men."

Gladstone's letter to Goldwin Smith was written about the
time when he called upon the North to recognise thaWhe South
had made itself a nation. His later explanation of this speech
is curious reading : He " weakly supposed that the time had
come when respectful suggestions of this kind were required by
a spirit of that friendship which, in so many contingencies of
life, has to offer sound recommendations, with the knowledge
that they will be unpopular." How is it that a man of his genius
could be such an officious simpleton ? Or what is the source of
this maudlin sentimentality in Liberals where the United States
is concerned ? " I did not desire a division of the United States
on the ground of British interests. My view was distinctly
opposite. I thought that while the Union continued, it could
never exercise any dangerous pressure upon Canada to estrange
it from the Empire — our honour rather than our interests forbid-
ding its surrender. But were the Union split, the North would
seek a partial compensation for its loss by trying to annex
British America."

Now we are beginning to understand. Mr. Gladstone thought
that the success of the South would be bad for his own country,
since it would lead to an attempt of the North to subjugate
British America, which Great Britain, contrary to its own in-
terests, would be bound in honour to defend. Yet his love for
the Americans was so great that he -wished them not to exhaust
themselves in the effort to reconquer the South, but to spare
their blood and treasure, though they might employ these in a
war upon the British Empire, unless Gladstone could previously
persuade the French-Canadians and the Sons of the Loyalists
to change the " Flag of the Clustered Crosses " for the Stars
and Stripes. Both British America and Great Britain ought
certainly to be very grateful to Mr. Gladstone for his interest in
the welfare of the Americans.

Lord Elgin, the greatest statesman who has ever governed
Canada — the only man who ever carried through a Reciprocity
Treaty — and carried it by securing a " solid South" by the adroit
threat, if the treaty were rejected by Senate, to annex all the Brit-
ish Provinces and thereby add six new States to the North, as
against the South — Lord Elgin once wrote Home to ask indignant-
ly regarding a Little-England speech, why should people assume
that a connection between the Mother-Country and her Daughter
States is incompatible with the full development of the latter ?
" Is this really so incontestable a truth that it is a duty not only
to hold but to proclaim it ?"

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Che Dew Colonial Policy

<tN 1873 a new era in Colonial Policy began. The great
American war for union, the union of British America, the
unification of the Italian States, the confederation of the
J> German States, the Russian conquests in Asia, woke the
United Kingdom from the sleep into which the Little-Eng-
land School had hypnotized the people. Disraeli — who twenty
years before had spoken of " those wretched Colonies" as " a
mill-stone around our necks" and as sure to separate in the
course of a few years — made a famous speech at the Crystal
Palace. Soon after, the Imperial Federation League was found-
ed by men of both parties with a Liberal at their head. But
Disraeli, by his conscienceless policy, made Imperialism stink in
the nostrils of the Empire ; and Providence punished the British
people for tolerating him by five years (1880-85) °f the weakest
and meanest and silliest Government that the Nineteenth Cen-
tury saw. Gladstone in his old age became from sheer fatalistic
pessimism a Little-Englander ; he got it into his head that the
Biitish Empire was doomed, like that of Venice, of Spain, and
of Holland ; and he held that the only policy was to submit to
the inevitable with as much show of good grace as possible, and
to give away what would otherwise fall away or be torn away.

In the North American Review, of September, 1878, to atone
for his meddling in American affairs, he was kind enough to
inform his " kin beyond the sea" that the commercial primacy
would be wrested from Great Britain by the United States of
America. " We have no more title against the United States
than Venice, or Genoa, or Holland has had against us. We
have no title to murmur, and I," he piously exclaimed, " have
no inclination." He went on to complain that his countrymen
were blind to the imminence of a time when they would be
unable to support the burden of Empire, and to the need of
ridding themselves of the burden before that time arrived.

Now, what is to be thought of the intellectual resources of a
statesman who could originate no thought of any means of
meeting American competition ? And what is to be thought
of the spirit and the patriotism of a man who could so easily
imagine such a doom for his country, and so readily resign
himself to it ? And what is to be thought of the gumption
of a statesman who could think to win friendship and re-
spect for his country by such servile flattery of a foreign
nation and such disparagement of his own ? By all the laws of
human nature, those who crawl will get kicks; Americans, in
particular, respect patriotism, being patriotic themselves, and
despise cosmopolitans even when these are most useful to them ;
and it is small wonder that, when Gladstone's article was scat-
tered broadcast throughout the United States, that country
soon after became the cradle of a conspiracy to assist Great
Britain to get rid of the burden of Empire.

It is clear, however, that Gladstone's view was held by the
majority of the Liberals elected in 1880. As late as 1890, a
friend of Sir W. Harcourt's was asked by a journalist, " Is
Harcourt sincere in any of his politics ?"

" Well, I am sure," was the reply, "that he is perfectly sincere
in his detestation of the Colonies."

This view is the explanation of the policy of surrender to
everybody which characterized Gladstone and Gladstonians in
later years. It is extraordinary that men experienced in politics,
and presumed to have some knowledge of human nature in its
political aspect, could fancy that concessions, such as those
made to the Boers in 1881, could produce any feeling save con-
tempt and dislike. They might have seen in the United States,
that there is, indeed, in the South much hatred of the North,
but not one half of what there would by this time be, if the
North had conceded to the South independence or even a
separate Congress. The Boers to-day, after the conquest and
devastation of their country, bear us far more goodwill than

they did after the concessions of 1881 and the further conces-
sions of 1884. That is human nature. Fortunately, there were
growing up in the Radical as well as in the Conservative Party
younger men, saner, more courageous, and more resourceful,
who were prepared to make a stand against the policy of the
Gadarene swine. Fortunately, also, the British Democracy
showed that Gladstone had misunderstood the character of his
countrymen. He says, indeed, that he learned their nature
when he was young ; that once, when he was canvassing against
the Reform Bill, (which he mistook for Antichrist), and was
trying to frighten a fanner by pointing out that in foreign coun-
tries popular franchises had led to revolution, "the man looked
me straight in the face, and said precisely the following words,
'D— n all foreign countries; what has Old England in common
with them /" "

Gladstone claims that he showed how much he profited from
this lesson by his share in two later extensions of the franchise ;
but if he had learned the lesson of his countrymen's character
as thoroughly as he thought he did, he would have understood
that the British masses were as little disposed to abdicate empire
as to subvert the monarchy, and that the lot of Venice, of Spain,
and of Holland will not be ours, for the short and simple reason
that we are not Venetians, nor Spaniards, nor Dutchmen, but,
by the good providence of God, resolute, resourceful Britons,
subject to occasional deception, but speedily recovering our
sense and spirit. Little-Englandism is dead, and so is its
prophet.

" Dead the warrior, dead his glory, dead the cause in which he died."
Lord Rosebery, once under the spell of Gladstone, now differs
(and his friends as well) from the Unionists only as Outs differ
from Ins. \Ve may feel perfectly sure that when the British
Opposition conies into office (it will not come into power) the
Colonial Department, — and indeed all the other great depart-
ments,— will he filled by Imperialist Radicals; and should
any dispute arise within that Ministry between the Imperialists
and the Radicals, we can count on the patriotism of the
Unionists, even when in opposition, to throw their weight in
the scale of Imperialism.

The policy of organizing and consolidating the unity of the
Empire goes steadily on. Even Mr. Redmond looks to Imperial
Federation as the only chance of Home Rule. The great author
of the new policy, a short time ago, stood "crowned with sun-
light— over darkness — from the still unrisen sun." He now
has won over great interests to the cause. Too intelligent a
man to be himself either an unconditional Free-trader or an
unconditional Protectionist, he will manage to make both the
instruments of a great political design — the Protectionists to
keep out foreign products, the Free-trader to let in Colonial
products. The effect of prosperity is against change ; but when
bad times come, as come they will — they are beginning in the
United States, — then his policy will come in like a flood. The
first step must be to impose the responsibilities of government
on the Opposition, and. to endow his own party with the freedom
of opposition. Fiscal Reform, like most other reforms in
Britain, may be carried by those who at first opposed it.

The Radicals, when saddled with the responsibilities of office,
will undergo a change as great as that of the Canadian Liberals,
who, when out of power, became such a party of traitors that
Mr. Blake refused to lead them, and who sold themselves to
American Capitalists; while they have, in office, developed into
a party of Imperialists, preferentialr traders, and finally avowed
protectionists.

In this country, we have seen that statesmen who stood,
when out of office, for freedom of the trade in bait fishes, have
had the patriotism, when in office, to face the charge of incon-
sistency, and to impose restrictions on a minor industry for the
protection of the great staple industry of the country. Our
enemies abroad, and those within the gates who sympathise
with our enemies, long for the success of the British Radicals ;
but they may be disappointed with the result of that success.
The world of politics is one in which the Progress of the living
forces of the present against the policies of the past is embar-
assed and retarded by faction fights and personal interests ;
but nevertheless, to use a phrase which was well invented, —
" nevertheless it moves."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

In euangclinc's Garden.

By Eros Wayback,

A BOLD tall peony flatiied to view
In a garden bed where a daisy grew
Beneath the imperious, scarlet thing,
That far and wide did its arms outfling.
Now, low, at hie feet, he just caught sight
Of the sweet, shy flower drest in raiment white(
Save the delicate bloom on her petal tips,
As she kissed the dew from the morning's lips,

He derisively flouted the simple flower

That timidly crept by my lady's bower,

Where castjes in Spain thro' the summer hour,

Kvangeline's airy fancy drew

In the circumambient shimmering blue.

Unconventional mixed with minarets tall,

The woodbined cottage and stately Hall;

In the nebulous scheme no science had part.

There, shewed Gothic and Moorish and modem art ;

Quick as the moves in a fairy dance,

Now, Elizabethan and Renaissance.

As for the people her fancy wrought, —
From varying climes and limes were brought ;
Evolved from Evangeline's summertide moods,
Waverley knights, and her own day dudes;
Alonzo and Jack in that wondrous throng,
George, Hernando and Tom stepped airily along;
The Regency's dandys in satins and ruffs,
With our own placid youths in collars and cuffs.

Now, the peony noted with jealous eye

That the singing bee and butterfly

Alighted oft on the gem-like flower,

Caressing and kissing through sunlit hour,

Whispering tales in her pearl rimmed ear

Of her kith and kin in the gardens near

On each pictured wing were the fly's notes wrought,

Whilst the bardic bee garrulous hummed each thought,

When the daisy's bed in the noon-tide sought.

And the peony bent his scarlet head

Low down o'er the fair flower's bordered bed,

Anxiously seeking to intercept

Tne bee and the fly as they downward swept

To where the daisy grew apace,

Fearfully watching the angry face

Of the peony glowering at its homely grace;

But the gold-banded bee and the emperor fly

Never once heeded that amorous sigh.

Nor deigned a glance at the garish thing,
Whilst around they poised on quivering wing,
As never such plant as the peony stood
In Evangeline's garden in arrogant mood.

" Now, get thee hence, low sickly thing.

That hath cumbered my feet since earliest spring

Sent hither her bees with their merry chaunt,

And the pictured fly to a favoured haunt,

Where waves thro' the day my scarlet plume ;

'Neath the trampling feet of men resume

Your place by the wayside's deepest gloom."

Then the sweet, timed flower lowly bent her head

In sore afright of the peony red;

And the bright eye dimmed, and the petals turned

Paler it seemed, as the bold flower spurned.

Then Evangeline hearing the click of the latch

Of the garden gate, and a scraping match ;

And dreamily noted her lover's tread

As he cigaretteiferous odours shed ;

Cried, " Jack ! you're as bold as that brazen flower

That keeps nodding its red face here, thro' the hour)

And just like the plant, a tiresome pest,

Hither coming, an unbidden guest."

'Twas Evangeline's charmingly pettish mood,

Philosophical Jack quite understood;

And meekly smiled as he raised the hand

That wore a rich gemmed, golden band : —

" 'Tis somewhat solemn, here, 'neath the yews j

Now, what is the budget of latest news ?"

The peony had heard this perseflage,

And down to the roots was filled with rage;

Grew ruddier still, with injured sense

Of my lady's most slighting reference;

Malevolent, now, with wrath and pride,

Stood the purple flower by the daisy's side.

But that night the wind, with whirl and shout.

Scattered his gleaming plumes about ;

And the morning sun saw a skeleton stalk

Where he arrogant stood by the garden walk.

When the daisy awoke from the night's light dreams,

•She smilingly greeted the daygod's beams;

Pleasing each eye where she lowly grows

When summer has fled with the perfumed rose;

'Till the snow flakes cover with feathery plumes

Evangeline's garden's latest blooms.

hoisting or the Banners.

By Sir Robert Thorburn, K.C.M.G.

REAR high the Crimson Banner of St. George,
Beneath whose ample folds Britannia guards,
'Neath Southern Cross, or by the Arctic gorge,

Her gallant sailors on the quiv'ring yards ;
Or on the bloody field of Africa's velt,

Where sailors, soldiers, share a common grave ;
That flag, a shroud for those whose honor felt
No stain should ever mark the fallen brave.

Rear high the Golden Harp, enshrin'd in green,

Old Erin's banner of the Sister Isle,
Inwoven with the Shamrock leaves between

By maiden fingers deft, in ornate style.
No braver race 'ere trod the tented field

To strain of music, or in silence stern,
Disdaining death, ne'er yet as cowards yield,

Has Celt been found the backward step to learn !

Rear high St. Andrew's flag of azure hue — •

The banner of the gallant Scots unfold ;
Her Patron Saint wore Cross of White and Blue,

And " Scots wha hae wi Wallace bled" were told
Grow thistles still, and hold their heads full high — •

Still " welcome to their gory bed" of yore
Are Highland clans, when in the van they ply

The foe with bayonet thrust, or fell claymore.

Rear high once more old Terra Nova's flag,

As well becomes her Norsemen's sons of old ;
Her colors on those Cabot Towers, no brag,

They fill the Post of Honor, and uphold
Our Country's claim to mark the sacred spot

Where Cabot's welcome to our Newfoundland
Burst forth in lusty cheers from British throat

That echo still around her ancient strand 1

Uphold the Briton's flag, then, brothers all,

Where're it waves by land or surging sea —
At home, abroad, respond to Duty's call —

No tyrant's yoke we wear, or bend the knee,
Except to Him who rules by sovereign grace,

And " holds within the hollow of His hand
The mighty deep," that cradle of our race !

"God save the King," and bless our Mother Land.

rhoto. by James Vey.

The First Train with the Old Home Week Visitors.

Pkota by James Vey.

Some Guests at Mount Cashel Garden Party.

Top Row— Hon. E. M. Jackman, H. H. Carter, Rev. Arch. O'Neill, Rev. W. Jackman, Rev. M. Clarke, Rev. Dean Ryan.

Second Row — Rev. Fr. O'Rourke, Hon. J. D. Ryan, Administrator Horwood, Archbishop Howley, Rev. W. Borne, Rev. Fr. Finn, Rev. J. MacNamara.
Third Row— Rev. Bro. J. E. Ryan, Rev. Fr. Fleming, Rev. P. O'Brien, Rev. P. W. Browne, M. P. Cashin, Sir E. P. Morris, Rev. Bro. Slattery, Sup.,

Hon. L. O'B. Furlong, Rev. Wm. Browne.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

ESTABLISHED J809.

AND

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Insurance Company.

Total funds exceed $72,560,330.
GEORGE SHEA, Agent for Newfoundland.

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Telephone: Office 131, Store 345.

P. 0. B. 275.

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Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

of British and American Goods of every
description— Wholesale and Retail.

JAMES VEY,

Gazette Building,

°f Codfish> <^>doil, Codlweron, Seal Oil
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All orders for same promptly filled at very lowest rates.

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

Photos Enlarged and Finished in Ink, Framed Oil Por-
traits 88.00; English, German, American and Canadian
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to order; a large assortment of Views of Newfoundland
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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Bow Jack Burton Returned to Deutfounaiand

T^i^T
\A/

¥ 1

By Rev. J. A.

," said Skipper Mickle Brophy, as he took a seat
on the "settle" in James Burton's cottage and
spread his hands over the blazing logs that lay
inside the " dog-irons," " I'm goin' to say fifty years
now av its a day, and I never seen such a night as this in all
me livin' days." Well might Skipper Mickle say so — for it was
such a storm as is remembered in the Island to this day — though
nearly forty years have passed since it took place.

" Ves," said Mr. and Mrs. Burton, "its a dreadful night on
the land even ; may God protect those that are out on the ocean."
Here the speakers said a prayer, Skipper Mickle Brophy doing
the same.

" Isn't it wanderful," said Mickle, " that people are niver so
pious as when there's a big breeze of wind from the North-Aist
or Sou'-West ?" This cynical piece of philosophy was honored
with a laugh. As they thus spoke the tempest seemed to have
reached its height. In violent gusts it swept over the forests
and down the hills; rushing at the house it caused it to rock
and reel; whilst the window panes were all but driven in.

All this while the sea was thundering against the cliffs, and
the ocean was rising with ever increasing rage as though to over-
leap all landward barriers. A wild storm of rain — changing
hill-side rivulets into foaming yellow torrents — added its share
to the elemental warfare. The loud voice of the storm at inter-
vals dropped to a melancholy sobbing, as though in grief over
the lives then perishing from its wrath. The whole scene was
a bearing out of Longfellow's phrase — the " Mournful Atlantic."
Dense darkness prevailed, illumined at times by the fierce search-
ing flashes of lightning, which were flung for moments athwart
the awesome scene — and when these ceased all was again buried
in darkness — "chaos and old night.'' Again and again did
those in Burton's cottage tell their beads — and invoke in that
hour the aid of her, so well called " Star of the Sea," that she
might add the weight of her influence in Heaven to their efforts
on earth.

And now indeed it would seem to be the hour of " utter need"
with many a seaman off the coast of Newfoundland. It was
certainly the hour of " utter need " with one brave ship, which
at that moment was fighting the storm near the south coast of
the Island, and aboard of that vessel was Jack Burton — son of
the people whose household we have described as praying for
those out on the ocean in such a tempest.

Burton had been in the United States for about ten years
previous to the time when we find him returning to Newfound-
land. His pursuits had been mainly seafaring. Some years
were spent on the George's Banks, whither he sailed from
Gloucester; other seasons were spent on river-boats; he made
several trading trips in the Atlantic and Pacific; from the Gulf
of Mexico to Hudson Bay nib experience brought him. He was
a through built seaman of the Newfoundland type ; brave to
recklessness — but courage well balanced by the coolest calcula-
tion. In appearance, a man of six feet — though breadth of
shoulders and depth of chest took from his height ; his face
frank and good humoured was made stern and keen by that
look which comes to men who have to look angry skies and
dangerous seas in the face. His face was bronzed by foreign
suns, used all his life to danger, and his present situation had
not in it the embarassing ingredient of novelty. Not so the
American captain, who, although a proven seaman, now found
himself in a difficulty ; first inasmuch as the storm was sudden
and violent, making it a life and death matter to reach a harbor ;
and because he was almost a total stranger to the difficulties and
dangers of the Newfoundland coast, especially in such weather.
He appealed to Burton, as a man well accustomed to the coast,
for advice and encouragement.

" Well," said the latter, " in the open sea, in weather of any
kind, a good ship is a good harbor ; but to be running for the
coast of Newfoundland in weather like this is no child's play,
captain."

The other said, '-You know the coast along here better than

D.D.

I do— being a stranger. What say if you take the wheel and
see if you can fetch her through it."

'• All right captain, I'll do my endeavours," said Burton. " It
looks saucy enough out here, but if she'll keep together I'll
drive her through. I was often out in worse." The captain
stepped from the wheel and the Newfoundlander took charge
of the ship. He first secured himself by being "lashed" to the
wheel— a precaution made necessary by' the lurching motion of
the vessel— which was such that as she rolled in the seas—
everything movable would have been swept over the rails— un-
less already fixed securley on the deck by ropes and chains.
This done Burton gave his orders to the well nigh panic-stricken
crew to batttn down the hatches and shorten sail — in a word
to make all ready for a rough storm. The cool courage of the
Newfoundlander speedily restored confidence of the hitherto
discouraged men. They obeyed his orders quickly— and reefed
the sails as he told them, and not a minute too soon — for the
storm had by this time all but redoubled its fury. The vessel
was now under double reefed canvas anil the men stood by ready
to lake off all sails and let her drive before the gale under bare
poles. Night was rapidly getting darker and more confusing-
and the vessel was now rushing at fearful speed through the
surging waters and it took all of Burton's seamanship to keep
the vessel on such a course as to avoid being upset or else
buried beneath the billows which were every few minutes break-
ing either ahead or astern of the fast-Hying ship.

The vessel's decks were swept every few minutes — and Burton
held his footing only by being lashed to the wheel. The
drenching spray immersed him and all but carried him over
despite the ropes : death yawned for him all around, but no
perils drew off his mind from the main task: that of getting
the ship in reach of land. Never is brave soldiership so well
proven as in leveling a forlorne hope; and never is New-
foundland seamanship well shown as in bringing a vessel through
the seas when the waves are like mountains all around, and
when an iron bound coast is wailing to drive in her bow's if she
strike. One false turn of the wheel might send the ship to
bottom ; one moment of confusion might dash her on the rocks.
But Burton like a brave leader who brings his men past the
enemy's lines — steered the ship past the ocean lines which
every moment massed their forces — and sprang at her sides to
drag her down to the depths. She was the sport of the ele-
ments. The floods crash over the rails, decks and topmast : be-
fore and behind the sea opened in yawning gulfs : now she sinks
in the trough of rhe sea : and now she climbs a hill-side of water.
No sooner is she on the crest of the wave than she plunges
again as though to strike the very earth — and through all this
dreadful crisis the hand of the Newfoundlander is as steady on
the wheel ; his heart as staunch and his eye as true as though
every minute did not bring the possibility of a " sailors grave."
And in good truth not mere courage but the rarer quality of
cool deliberation could have secured safety in such a crisis.

The American captain cries: "Do you think she'll come
through all right ?"

" All right, captain. Never say die."

A distant harbor ; a storm risen to a hurricane ; and a thick
musky night — all conspired to make the steering difficult. The
chances were a hundred to one that she would be swamped or
upset before port could be gained. Burton knew all this ; none
better. Seafaring was his trade and life-work, but he knew
what the call was on his own nerve — and then the Higher
Power — Sole Ruler of the storm. In prayers brief, though
fervent, he called God to his aid, whilst he often made a sign, of
the cross on the seas, and then with new manhood face the
battles of wind and sea. His steering was so true that within
another hour the vessels would have got into New Port. Already
she was getting into smoother water, owing to the shelter of the
steep headlands, at least, the force of the gale was greatly
lessened — when crash ! ! goes the foremast — broken near the
decks by the sudden swoop of wind from the heights, and falling

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

it hangs a mass of wood and cordage over the ship's side. The
ship thus hampered no longer answers the wheel ; but driven
by wind and tide she is rushing towards the iron fronted cliff of
Sunken Rock Point, where many a gallant ship and brave crew

met destruction.

# # # # * # #

Father, there's a wreck on the Sunken Rock Point and the
people are gone out to save the crew, and they want you to go
with them."

It was Katty Simmonds, the venerable house keeper of
Father Furlow, who thus spoke. The clergman was just finish-
ing his breviary, as the house mistress, haste in her step, fire in
her eyes, and a pair of top boots and waistcoat in her hands
enters his study with the afore said message. It was no new
call that to Father Furlow — for often in his thirty years of mis-
sionary life in that and other ports of Newfoundland, had a
similar call been given him. When foremost amongst his
people he went to the cliffs and the strand, or the sinking vessel
itself to help to save the drowning; or to administer the last sac-
raments when possible to the dying, or, at least, to recover the
dead bodies for burial in consecrated ground. Not once or
twice but a score of times in his long missionary career had
he been on the very brink of deadily peril in thus carrying out
his sacred duties.

When the message was thus given his reply was — " A wreck
is there ? Tell Paddy Sloan to get a lantern and come out with
me to Sunken Rock Point." Sloan is sleeping the sleep of a
tired man by the kitchen fire when the house mistress rings the
trumpet call in his ear. " Get up out of that and get the stable
lantern and go out with the priest to Sunken Rock Point — there's
a wrack there."

"A wrack," said Sloan, as he assumed the perpendicular. "A
wrack, is it tibaccy or what or what?" Never mind what it is:
it is not rum or tibaccy, — but drownin' men to be saved. I'd
advise you not to keep the priest waitin' any longer." " Sloan,
come along fast," says the priest from within. Sloan was
promptly arrayed in sea-gear — and lighting a lantern lie opens
the door — when an inrush of storm drives him back. "Arrah,
yer reverence, wat's the use of goin' out such an night as this.
Shure these poor souls are gone be this, any way." "Go on,"
was tte stern reply of the clergyman. "Amin," said Sloan, and
then as he plunged into the darkness he added under his breath:
"I'm not a horse at any rate." The clergyman and his faith-
ful, though sometimes obstreperous man plod sturdily on by the
narrow path-way which ran a quarter of a mile from the settle-
ment towards the scene of the wreck. Their road lies within a
few yards of the sea-broken cliff, and their footing needs to be
firm, for the gale at times is so swift and stormy that it is only
at the risk of being swept over the edge that they can make
good their ground and go along.

Near Sunken Rock Point the rocks descended in slopes and
steeps at heights varying from fifty to one hundred feet from
the waters level to the top. The people — amongst them Skipper
Mickle Brophy — were gathered at the place, and all provided
with ropes and chains : for ships great and small had time and
again been wrecked on that rock-ribbed tide ravaged shore —
and the residents were well skilled in the art of life-saving: and
well ready, too, to venture their own lives and limbs in taking
the dead or drowning from the very jaws of the sea. And so it
has ever been — for never has the call to save the shipwrecked
been made to the people of the Island, but strong hearts and
willing minds have been ready for the work. Whether— on the
storm swept sea or amid the crushing waves and rocks — or over
the front of the beetling headland the Newfoundlander has
never failed to bring deliverance to those in need ; And so it
was now that a large number of men and boys was gathered on
the outer ledges of Sunken Rock Point, to see by what means they
might put in safety the remnant of the wrecked crew. When the
ship had been dismasted, Burton managed to launch the little
deck boat — and so brought the crew to the only safe landing
place in their reach— a platform of rock at the foot of one of
the highest peaks of Sunken Rock Point. • Landed here they
were safe at least for a while — and before leaving the drifting
ship Burton made signal lights for help, in answer to which the
people had come to their aid. Soon the ropes, with chains, are

lowered over the heights and Jack Burton causes each man to
be raised by this — the people above drawing the ropes up. As
soon as all are up — 'he puts the rope around his own waist and
begins the upward climb. His experience told him that the rope
would be over worn from contact with cliffs — and so he had told
the people by the mouth of those who had gone up before him,
to leave the rope somewhat slack whilst he was going up, as he
would be able to help himself along by making a sort of step-
ladder of the rougher projections of the sea-wall. This was
very near costing him a l:fe, and in this way.

About half way up he rested his whole weight for a moment
on a stone, which gave way under him, and as the rope was
released he was on the point of falling to the bottom, when his
old sailor training saved him. Often on the Banks had he gone
to the masthead when the vessel was pitching and tossing — and
now. no way unnerved, he clings hand and foot to the cliff, and
so preserves a balance and saves his life, whilst those above
pull tighter the rope. Coming near the upper edge of the cliff,
another danger confronts him. Where the people were standing
the ground was beginning to give away. As Burton gets near
the top, a couple of men reach hands down to him, and by
sailor's grip assist him to jump in on solid ground clear of the
outer edge. No sooner has he done so than several tons of
earth, gravel and stone — the whole upper edge of the precipice
— goes clattering down a hundred feet and falls with a dead
thud on the rocks below.

Safe, however, he is greeted by scores of friendly voices.
All go with him to his old homestead, and there a real Irish
welcome greets the wanderer after years of absence. And so it
was, that fom the deck of a shipwrecked vessel ; and from out
the depths of a raging sea, and over the face of an iron-bound
cliff that Jack Burton returned — about 40 years ago — to the
Old Homeland.

fl Foretaste of flutumn.

fly Robert Gear MacDonald.

WILD north-west wind, oh, what do you say to me,
Me, who with shivering steps wander on ?
Bending spruce boughs, what's the tune that you play to me,

Now that the glow of the daylight is gone?
Waves of yon dark pond, I hear but the plash of you, —

Though the moon rises, as yet she is low —
Yet well I know, by the fierce striving lash of you.
Summer is passing, and soon must she go.

Chill is the night air, but fragrant with scent of boughs ;

Weird is the forest, and dark are its dells ;
Standing before me one tall fir tree, scant of boughs,

Moans like a wizard rehearsing his spells ; —
Low breathes the streamlet, and black is the path of it,

Slipping o'er stones that show white in the eve
Save where a narrow place foams with the wrath of it

Sputtering to alders that over it grieve.

Far in the marshland one stray bittern, hoarse of tone,

Hides in the shadow of rush and of fem ;
Sounding like one who with fitful remorse of tone

Tells a foul secret we wish not to learn.
And through the dusk air, like mad thoughts that fleet by one

Whirrs the last snipe, speeding over one's head:
List ! 'tis a rabbit disturbed by strange feet, by one

Sauntering at eve ere the last lights are dead.

Summer is going — the gay dancing feet of her

Speed from the barrens, and flee to the south ;
Pale partridge berries turned red by the heat of her

Soon will grow lucious and soft to the mouth.
Shrills the north-west wind a menacing knell to her,

Mournfully answered by birch, spruce, and fir ;
Then, my hushed soul, say a nirie-month's farewell to her-

Hail then to Autumn, its clearness and stir 1

Three Pond Barrens, August 271(1, 1904.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

fl Six l»ontb$' Cour.

Extract f torn Letters of a Tour to Egypt, The Nile, Palestine, Turkey, Greece, and Europe, 1904.

By James Carter,

i p.m. and then went for a walk and visited the shops, arcades
and bazaars, but we had not much time, leaving for Cairo by the
railway at 4 p.m. The line is run by an English Company, the
carriages being similar to those in England with one carriage
seating six, they are very comfortable and run very smoothly
and quickly, about forty miles per hour. The scene at the
station was most animated and the noise deafening, for so many
carriages, horses, mules, donkeys, all mixed up together. The
scenery was very picturesque along the line. There was a road
on either side, where one could see the Arabs passing on the
backs of camels, donkeys and horses, and women in carts. We
passed several Arab villages enclosed by a wall and built with
mud, some low and others conical like a honey-comb. The
villages were crowded with men, women and children. The
vegetation is extraordinary, as far as the eye can reach on
each side fields of barley and clover with long drains here
and there about eight or ten feet wide for water, with horses
working wooden wheels for irrigation. The rain that falls in
June would take the balance of the year before it would reach
that distance from the head of the river. We crossed some very
fine iron bridges from eight hundred to a thousand feet long
that crosses the Nile and Canal at several places. We saw the
Egyptian oxen yoked to the plough in pairs turning over the soil,
worked by Arabs. They get in some places, several crops of
clover in one year. Several large flocks of sheep and a good
deal of cattle grazing ; camels, horses, donkeys, etc. Passed two
or three large towns, one of fifty thousand inhabitants, where
the train stopped at the station to land and take passengers.
The place was crowded with Egyptians, Arabs and Greeks and
in their Oriental costumes looked very picturesque. Several
Arabs were at prayer in the fields and on the road, previous to
which they wash their feet and rinse their mouths.

Alexandria is about 130 miles from Cairo. We arrived about
7 p.m. at " Sheppard's Hotel," a very fine and extensive build-
ing, with a beautiful terrace in front and very handsome break-
fast and dining rooms. We found there an immense assembly
of ladies and gentlemen in evening costume. The ladies were
elegantly dressed: they were holding a reception in the garden
at the rear which is very large, with beautiful palms, and the
trees were hung with a thousand colored lamps, flags and elec-
tric lights in arches. The place was literally packed with ladies
and gentlemen of all nationalities. English officers in gold lace
uniforms, Egyptians, Greeks, Syrians and Europeans, I am sure
there could not be less than five thousand ; you could not get
standing room, and carriages and pairs constantly going with
the elite of Cairo and still adding to the number; it was a kind
of carnival which takes place at certain seasons, I expect much
the same as at Rome and other places in Italy. They were
amusing themselves by throwing in the face of each other small
colored paper like wafers, which would stick about the ladies'
hair and dresses. The illuminations of the hotel, coupled with
the garden, was a scene of Oriental grandeur that could not be
excelled in beauty elsewhere.

The next day the garden was completely covered up to your
ankles with the paper, which had to be taken up and the paths
all covered again with red sand and gravel. There is a num-
ber of guests here at present, the tables are crowded, the cooking
good, and there is a large attendance of waiters; Arabs, Greeks
and also English. I think they have at least, fifty serving and
waiting at table and there does not seem to be too many en-
gaged. They have two alternate tables every time each day
and they sit a big crowd. It is to me wonderful, where all the
people are coming and going. At Alexandria, we visited
Pompey's pillar which is about one hundred feet in height,
built of granite and marble. There are the ruins of several
others to be seen and a good deal of excavation has latterly
taken place, where a lot of Catacombs have been discovered
with several tombs, galleries, etc. The population of Alexan-

GLORIES of other lands, some may tell

Of mountain slope, river, field and dell;

Yet fairest St. John's we love thee best,

Thy sea laved beach and hilly crest,

To us more classic than the hills of Rome !

Heaven ever prosper thee " Home dear Home."

MARCH 4th, 1904.

I left you at sea, bound to Egypt via Alexandria, and now as
you will see by the above address, I am writing you at the
" Sheppard's Hotel," Cairo, and I will try to give you a brief
outline of my movements since.

We arrived at Alexandria at 6 a.m. on Wednesday; there was
a sand-storm the night before, so that we were delayed, which
prevented us from making the land — it being like a fog. The
land is very low and flat, but we lay close into the quay and had
no trouble in landing. Up to the present time I have seen no
trouble with regard to surf, that I have heard remarked. We
drove to the hotel — the new " Khedival" — quite large and exten-
sive, with marble pillars, galleries, etc., handsomely frescoed in
Egyptian style. Called at Cook's office, and was very much
pleased to find that four of our late passengers on the Republic
were booked for the same trip as myself; Americans and mil-
lionaires at that; two couples, one young and the other elderly,
which fitted in alright. Both of them had been all over the
world, and were just making this trip to round off as it were.
Well, we formed the party right away (five), and with the drago-
man drove throirgh the town in American style. We were
tormented by a crowd of Arabs at starting, who had all kinds of
fancy articles for sale, in fact the streets were crowded with all
nationalities — Arabs, Turks, Syrians and I don't know bow-
many others. We went through the principal streets, which are
quite up-to-date, and some of them very wide with fine buildings
on either side, and very many handsome structures, such as
theatres, opera houses, museums, etc. We then went to the
suburbs, where there are some beautiful villas, some of them in
extensive grounds ; one, especially, belonging to a rich merchant
of the place, where the King, when Prince of Wales, remained
with his uncle, the Utfke of Cambridge, some time after his
illness some years ago. The grounds are immense with statuary
of all descriptions; large figures in marble, such as Nelson and
other notable generals, modern and ancient, Neptune and a lot
of fancy figures. The fountain in front of the house is very
handsome. The dwelling house is built principally of white
marble, with several cupolas. Lilies and flowering vines, etc.,
surround it. The palms were a sight, very high and formed an
avenue up the side-walks with cactus scattered all about the
grounds. I wish that " Balsam Place" was situated in a corner,
so that we may experience what it is to live in the way and
manner in which it was first ordained, amidst the grandest
scenery of art and nature, fanned by the perfumed breath of the
soft balmy air.

We then passed the canal that connects the Nile and over
several bridges. The road on either side of the canal was crowd-
ed with arabs, mules, donkeys, camels and the canal itself with
boats of the peculiar rig of which you see in Oriental pictures.
The women are all veiled and dressed in black. They wear on
the forehead a peculiar tube for breathing through, all you can
is their eyes. The men in a variety of colors, I suppose according
to their state and rank. The view in the country is a sight that
can be seen only in Oriental countries, the palms scattered as
far as the eye can reach, with the cactus, indianrubber trees and
a host of others in full bloom. The pineapples, bananas and
others fruits, also fields of wheat, etc. We returned to lunch at

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

dria lias been computed at four thousand, half of which are
Arabs, etc. It is veiy seldom that there is any rain and in
driving through the country we were covered with fine sand.
The Arabs have large brushes which they always bring with
them for brushing off the sand.

Thursday, March 4th, was a very fine day and in the morn-
ing we walked the principal streets of the city of Cairo, which
are fine and wide with large shops, some of them English, sup-
plied with all description of goods. After lunch, took a car-
riage, accompanied by a Dragoman and visited the Arab and
Moorish quarters, where we had to leave the carriage and walk
through the narrow streets. On either side were shops with all
kinds of fancy and antique goods, ornaments, etc. Some of the
entrances on the outside were very narrow, only a few feet in
width, but extended up a court inside with the articles for sale
on the floor of the shop; an immense stock of Persian carpets,
silks, rugs and cotton and woollen goods. Over the shop which
was situated in a square, were the latticed windows looking into
the interior. Some of the goods were very expensive; §40.00
for a small silk rug. Others, again contained all kinds of an-
tique gold and silver ornaments, also swords and knives, and a
fine lot of precious stones, diamonds, rubies, etc. On the out-
side were the Arabs, working, carving, tailoring, etc. The
streets were crowded by mixed groups of Arabs and Syrians,
walking and on camels, donkeys, horses and carts. There
are several hundred of those shops and the streets twisting and
turning in every way. The houses appear very old, and on the
roof, from one house to another, are placed planks and boards,
which are coveted with any old material in order to keep the
sun from descending. \Ve went through another street where
there was only gold and fancy jewelry; the owners in front of
their stalls working at their trade. While there 1 saw the fun-
eral of an Arab. In front walked the hired wallers, making
their laments, after which the coffin — a plain wooden box with
some fancy covering or pall ; then followed the mourners or
friends, after which a cart containing the wives (6) of .the de-
ceased with their faces covered. There also passed the funeral
of a rich Arab lady, with an elaborate panoply over the coffin,
followed by a large crowd and about one hundred carriages, all
with two horses and full of men. There were also men walking
and camels with panniers carrying presents for distribution to
the poor.

The " Continental" is a very fine hotel and only recently
finished. It is much handsomer on the exterior than " Shep-
pard's, the vestibules are exceedingly large, and the rooms are
splendidly frescoed and ornamented. The " Savoy" is also a
very large hotel, but " Sheppard's" is the oldest and most con-
servative and much frequented by the " upper ten." You can-
not get along there under under nine or ten dollars per day.
The " Continental" is cheaper, $5.50, but there are others of
less size and expense, but in any case, Egypt is a dear place in
which to reside, as a sovereign is only worth about nineteen
shillings of their money.

Went in the morning to the oldest Mosque in Cairo. Before
entering we had to put on big sandals over our shoes. The
buildiug is very old, and said to be built of some of the stones
of the Pyramids. The Arabs were praying in the building; it
is very extensive, but much out of repair and some men were
working on parts of it. Its foundation is said to be laid in
A.D. 643 and to have been nearly destroyed by fire in the
gth century.

We then went to the Mosque tombs of the present family of
the Khedive of Egypt, and also the tomb of the grandmother of
" Ismael." The tombs are beautifully carved, gilded and orna-
mented and are of different colored marbles. There were a lot
of other tombs of sons and daughters of the same family, all
very handsome in bronze and marble, etc. Thence to the
Citadel which is occupied by the British (about ten thousand)
inside of which is the Mosque of Mohammed Ali, who was
elected Pasha of Egypt by the people. It is a most magnificent
Mosque, built of marble and alabaster with marble pillars. His
tomb is also in the Mosque, an elaborate work of art, consisting
of all kinds of stones richly carved and gilded. The Mosque is
of an immense size, and is gorgeous in its symnetry of archi-
tectural beauty.

Rcix Canon pilot, D,D.t D.C.C., ISA

HPHE veteran Superintendent of Church of England Schools,
whose portrait we publish herewith, was the recipient of
a Royal Birthday honor in June last. The King has made him
a Companion of the Imperial Service Order, and everyone ac-
quainted with the long and distinguished services of this rever-
end gentleman will agree that the honor has been well earned
and justly bestowed. The Canon is son of the late Thomas
and Ann Pilot. He was born at Bristol on December 3oth,
1841, and was educated at St. Boniface, Warminster, and at St.
Augustine's, Canterbury. He was ordained Deacon in the
spring of 1867 by Bishop Wilberforce, of Oxford, and came to
Newfoundland and became Vice-Principal of Queen's College.
Here he continued till 1875, when he became Superintendent
of Church of England Schools. In 1870, he married the only
daughter of R. R. Wakeham, Esq. In 1878, he received from
the Archbishop of Canterbury, under a patent from the Crown,
the Degree of B.D., and that of D.D. in 1891. In the latter

REV. CANON PILOT, D.D., D.C.L., I.S.O.

year he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society
and an honoray Fellow of St. Augustine's College, Canterbury.
In 1896 he was installed by Bishop Jones a Canon of the Cathe.
dral. For many years he has been examining Chaplin to the
Bishop of Newfoundland. In 1897 he received the Degree of
D.C.L., from Winsor, N.S. In scholastic concerns in 1898 he
received the thanks of " My Lords" of the Privy Council for a
valuable and complete report of the system of education in the
Colony, and in 1901, the thanks of the Imperial Government for
the part he took in this Colony in the Royal Patriotic Fund.
Canon Pilot has been President of the Council of Higher Edu-
cation since its birth in 1893. He is Grand Master of the
Order of United Fishermen. He has at various times received
the thanks of the Synod. He is author of a Geography of New-
foundland, of School Reports, and articles on Newfoundland
Folk Lore. We wish the learned Doctor a long continuance
of his successful career, and that he may receive additional
honors.

THE NEWFOUNDL

Captain 3obn Green,

CAPTAIN GREEN was born in King's Lynn, Norfolk, England,
on January 29th, A. D. 1831, and is consequently nearing his
74th mile post. At an early age he was indentured to a firm of
Solicitors in his native town, but the work not being congenial,
after a short time, he left and entered the office of a large mer-
cantile firm. Here he came in contact with many sea captains
whose tales of the sea captivated the fancy of the young clerk,
who became so discontented with his work, that at last he threw
it up and went to sea. His first voyage so discouraged him
that he vowed he had enough of it. But the salt was in his
veins and the sea called him. He again set forth and served a
long time in the Baltic trade, making a number of voyages to
Cronstadt, near St. Petersburg, During the time of the Crimean
War, a large number of Russian vessels, which were in various
ports in England, were sold. In one of these — a barque called

CAPTAIN JOHN GREEN.

— he made his first voyage to St. John's, with a cargo
of salt, serving in the capacity of mate. After discharging the
ship went to the Gulf of St. Lawrence for a load of timber.
Here he left her and returned to St. John's, entering the firm of j
P. Rogerson & Sons, who at that time did a large business, •
having many foreign going vessels, beside a large sealing fleet.
In 1857 he was in charge of the old Ann Isabella and made
many foreign voyages in her. In 1864 he invested in a brig
c.illed the Saxon, and ran her till 1871. Finding freights going
down on account of so many steamers running, he sold her in
Leith, after discharging a cargo of sugar at forty-five shillings
freight from Pernambuco— a freight in those days considered
very unremunerative. Returning to St. John's he went into the
steamboat business with C. ¥. Bennett & Co., Messrs. Prowse,
P. & L. Tessier, Goodridge & S.ons, the late Capt. Graham and
others. This he worked so successfully that for the greater
part of the thirty-two years of his connection with the Steam
Tug Company, he was the trusted and efficient Managing

A.\TD QUARTERLY. . /?

Director. On his retirement a short time ago he was the recip-
ient of a warm and flattering address from his friends and
co-workers, beside a valuable and massive silver service. Capt.
Green, though having passed man's allotted "span, is still a smart
active man for his years. After a long and active career, he is
now enjoying a well-earned rest from the cares and distractions
of business. He is now on his way to British Columbia on a
holiday trip. The many friends and admirers of Captain Green
wish him many years yet of rest and happiness, a wish which is
cordially echoed by THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

fl Plea for the Stag Caribou,

By L. F. Bnmw.

A IXJMAIN so grand and remote and free, —
This island's own fastnesses wild,
Should mean safety for me,
Where I always could be
Secure on the pinnacles piled

Above green, sparkling streams that are crooning and clear.
Yet across this whole island, and passing me here,
Is an iron-railed road through the haunts of the deer.
We were happy. Why are we beguiled?

A half million caribou range at sweet will.
From Cape Norman to Fortune's fair bay.
The tundras we cross,
And we feed on the moss
That waves from the " vars," while we play
( )ver leagues upon leagues of the barrens afar.
We're so \\ild that we're tame; but the seas are a bar!
And beings with firesticks our happiness mar.

There is danger through night and through day.

We paw through the snow to the hidden, sweet moss:
We browse as the Northern Star gleams.
From the headlands we gaze
In the long Arctic days,
Or the low. midnight sun's waning beams,
Af the glittering cr.ij.js which the lone iceberg lifts
Toward the stern, ragged clouds with their somber wild rifts;
While the Snow King's white fingers his wide mantle sifts
Where the pale, ghostly moonlight streams.

Think, think, ye strange hunters, be beings that fill
Our faint hearts with forebodfngs, woes!
What if we could will
A full license to kill.
In your own loved Arcadia ? Suppose
That your own does and fawns were hunted and shot,
While the seas made a prison of every dear spot
In your own happy lands? Would you joy at your lot,
Or revile and condemn your dread foes?

You should leave this one land in the beautiful world,
To be sacred to safety and bliss, —
For the caribou wild,
For the. barrens' own child ;
And not doom us to wonder, to miss
Our own wives and children at sad eves and morns.
Don't shoot us to get a stag caribou's horns, —
For our heads that you think your grim 'sport-den "adorns!"
Would your mercy to us be amiss?

But come with your cameras ; come as our guests.
Come as friends to our greenK remote hills.
Your camp-fires have scarred,
Your dread flames have marred
The forests that guard our wild rills.
Oh, the ranges and valleys where Nature, distressed,
Finds her wilderness fair that was happy and blest,
Left all desolate, lorn ! Follow mercy's behest.
Be our guardians. . Spare us these ills.

Gaff Topsail Mountain, Newfoundland, July 5, 1904.

THE NE IV FO UNDL . t .\'D (J U. I R TEKL V.

^P*%

R'l'. HON. SIR ROBERT BOND, P.C., K.C.M.G., I.L.D.,

Premier and Colonial Secretary.
Candidate for Twillingate District.

SIR EDWARD MORRIS, K.C., KT.B., LL.D.,

Minister of Justice.
Candidate for St. John'* West District.

JAMES AUGUSTUS CLIFT, K.C.,
Minister of Agriculture and Mines.
Candidate for Twillingate District.

JOHN R. BENNETT,

Deputy Mayor.
Candidate for St. John's West District.

THE XKll'J-OUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

HON. K. M. JACKMAN,
Minister of Finance and Customs.
''anJidate for I lacemia and St. Mary's District.

HON. F.LI DA\VE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.
Candidate for Harbor Grace District.

CAPT. THOMAS BONIA.
Candidate for Placentia and St. Mary's District.

MICHAEL S. SULLIVAN,
Candidate for Placentia and St. Mary's District.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

KKOKCK \V. C.rslU'K.

Minister of 1'ublic Work-;.
Candidate for '1'iiniiv District.

GEORGE SHEA,

Mayor for St. John's.
Candidate for St. John's East District.

WILLIAM A. OKK,
Candidate for Harbor (iracS District.

JAMES M. KENT, B.A., K.C.
Candidate for St. John's East District.

Till-: tiEWFOU\'DLA .W> Q i '.-! A' TERL Y.

HOX. HENRV GEAR,
Candidate ff r Burin District.

F.mVARI) II. DAVEY,
Candidate for liurin District.

FRANK J. MORRIS, K.C.,
Candidate for Harbor Main Distiict.

WILLIAM J. ELLIS,
Candidate for Ferryland Distrkt.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Our portrait Galkrp.

0UR many readers in Canada, United States, and all over
Newfoundland, will scan with interest the many plates in
the Portrait Gallery of our current issue. In fact the
suggestion that we reproduce the portraits of our public men,
especially those who will be candidates at the coming general
election, comes from a friend and patron of the QUARTERLY —
an intensely patriotic Newfoundlander who has been some years
residing in Boston. Many of our public men are known to our
exiled fellow-countrymen by repute, but they all agree that it
increases the interest in our biographical sketches, when illus-
trated with first class portraits, such as the QUARTERLY has
been endeavouring to supply to its readers and patrons. We
have endeavoured to secure the portraits of all the Candidates,
but only partially succeeded. We reproduce for our readers a
goodly number of the friends and patrons of the QUARTERLY.

SIR ROBERT BOND.

Newfoundlanders at home and abroad, irrespective of class or
creed, are proud of their fellow-countryman — our first native
Premier — the Right Hon. Sir Robert Bond, P.C., K.C.M.G.,
LL.D. His probity and patriotism are unquestioned. As
Premier of the Colony, his administration has been one of the
most successful and beneficial to the Colony's best interests,
that we have enjoyed, since we first obtained the boon of
Responsible Government. New industries have been fostered,
to such an extent, that labour of all kinds is abundant. The
fisherman, the mechanic and the labouring man are better off
to-day than at any other period in our history. As a consequence,
that mill-stone that hung about our necks and sapped the man-
hood of our hardy toilers, as well as impoverished the country —
able-bodied pauper relief has been shaken off, and let us hope
forever abolished. Our revenues have doubled up ; our educa-
tional grants have been increased nearly a hundred percent;
our special and road grants have been augmented, and improve-
ment is noticeable in every department of the Public Serv'ce.
And notwithstanding that the duties have been taken off of
Flour, Molasses, Salt, Kerosene Oil, Lines and Twines to the
extent of nearly two hundred thousand dollars, yet so prudent
and statesmanlike has been his policy that during his adminis-
tration, notwithstanding the increased expenditure for roads,
bridges, light houses, public wharves, education, etc., etc., we
have had the unprecedented state of affairs, that we have had a
handsome Surplus Revenue each year. Small wonder that his
countrymen are proud of him and those brainy and patriotic
Newfoundlanders with whom he is associated, and that Sir
Robert Bond holds a very high place in the estimation of all
patriotic Newfoundlanders both at home and abroad.

SIR EDWARD MORRIS, K.C., K.T.H., LL.D.

Sir Edward Morris is an old St. John's boy. He was elected
for his own district, St. John's West, when he was scarcely out
of his teens ; he has been continuously elected ever since. If
it were conceivable that the people of his district would allow
him to leave, he would have no difficulty whatever in being
elected in any constituency in his native land. He has been, by
long odds, the best member ever elected for the West End.
His indomitable energy and his pride in his district has changed
the whole face of St. John's West. This was abundantly testified
by the exiled Newfoundlanders who were here duiing old home
week. Many of them who were born and bred in the District
scarcely recognised it, with its numerous industries, its magnifi-
cent roadways, and its general improvement in the last ten years.
Certainly, if any district in the Island shows that it possesses a
live, energetic member that one is St. John's West. Sir Edward
has been associated with Sir Robert Bond, and has held the
port folio of Attorney General, a post for which he has proved
to his countrymen that he is well fitted. As a criminal lawyer
he has no superior. He has the largest and most extensive
private practice of any practitioner at the Bar. Morris's Re-
ported Cases is a standard work, in which he has displayed
wonderful industry as well as legal acumen. He has ever been
foremost in all movements for the betterment of his district and
his native land ; and when His Gracious Majestv Kin<r Edward

conferred the honour of knighthood on him, the rejoicing was
universal, not a single fellow-countryman of his grudged him the
honour. Sir Edward is now in his prime, and has many years
before him of honours to himself and usefulness to his native
land.

HON. E. M. JACKMAN.

A typical Newfoundlander, coming from a good old stock,
with a name that will be ever famous in the fishery annals of
Newfoundland. Captain Bill Jackman of happy memory was a
man who was idolized by Newfoundlanders. He was the highest
development of the type of those who "go down to sea in ships";
an intrepid commander, a king fisherman, and brave to the verge
of rashness. His rescue of a ship's crew at Labrador would be
sufficient to immortalize his name, if his hundreds of other good
qualities had not enshrined him in the hearts of all Newfound-
landers. Capt. Arthur we still have with us, and if it were pos-
sible to put the question in Newfoundland as to who was a
typical Newfoundlander — a brave, determined, hardy, generous
Newfoundlander of our day — the universal answer would be
Arthur Jackman. What the other Jarkmans achieved wrestling
with the stormy ocean at our doors, E. M. Jackman achieved
in the quieter paths of commerce. He is one of the most suc-
cessful of our younger business men. Mr. Jackman's reputation
as a business man for square dealing, for honour and probity is
one that any man may well feel proud of. By his unaided
energy and ability he worked up one of the most successful
business concerns in the country, and when he entered politics, he
brought with him every requisite that was necessary for a public
man. His unique record as Minister of Finance speaks more
than volumes. When he took hold of the Receiver-Generalship
the Colony was, according to the solemn declaration of his pre-
decessor in office on the floors of the Assembly, " on the verge
of bankruptcy." He and his associates worked the Colony out of
difficulties, and now boasts what no other Receiver General could
ever boast, that lie has had a handsome Surplus Revenue nearly
every year since he assumed office. And this in the face of
reduced taxation on the one hand, and increased expenditure
for education, roads, bridges, light houses, public wharves and
every department of the Public Service on the other. And to
this must still be added the striking off of all duty on flour,
kerosene oil, molasses, salt, lines and twines — a sum amounting;
yearly to nearly two hundred thousand dollars.

HON. ELI DAWE.

Hon. Eli Dawe was born in Port-de-Grave in 1843, and re-
sided for many years in Bay Roberts. Capt. Dawe is a New-
foundlander, a successful fisherman, with a thorough knowledge
of the seal, cod, lobster and herring fisheries. FYom the very
first he proved a valuable acquisition to our Assembly, whose
main business it is to legislate for the staple industries of the
Colony. Capt. Dawe unfolded the Liberal Banner in 1889, and
was elected for Harbor Grace. He has been elected continu-
ously for the same district ever since. He is one of the most
popular as well as the most respected members of the Govern-
ment. A plain, unassuming, commonsense man, with more than
the average ability, he has held the port folio of Agriculture and
Mines in the Executive Government with credit to himself and
benefit to his native land. In his official capacity he has made
a host of admirers by his courtesy and kindness, and his fellow-
countrymen of all creeds and classes hold him in the highest
esteem.

WILLIAM A. OKE.

W. A. OKE, whose portrait appears in this issue, was born in
Harbor Grace on the i4th December, 1859, and has resided
there since. He started work as an apprentice at the Standard
office when a lad i3»years old, and has followed the fortunes of
that paper to the present time. He attended the local schools —
first that of the late Mr. Gardiner, next that kept by Mr. J. L.
Bell, and later at the Grammar School, under late J. I. Roddick.
In 1897 he was called out by the workingmen of his native town,
to contest Harbor Grace District in the interest of the Liberal
Party. In this contest he was successful, coming within a score

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

of the total number of votes polled by the veteran representative
of the district — Capt. Eli Dawe. In 1900 he again contested the
district, and was returned. The result of the forthcoming poli-
tical contest is unknown, but it may not be over-sanguine to say
that he has lost no friends and made but few, if any, enemies
since 1897. Being popular among the younger voters, he is
looked upon as their choice. Although nearing that time when
active sport is too hard for the average man, Mr. Oke has shown
this season that he has not lost interest in cricket and other sports
and has taken a hand in football. He has always shown a lively
interest in sport generally, especially aquatic contests, and any
movement set on foot by the young men is sure to have h'is
ready help and support. In his profession he has been rewarded
with the same measure of success that has been his politically.
Always taking a deep interest in his work he has built up quite
a new industry in printing. He has shown no mean mechanical
skill. Mr. Oke is prominent in Society work. He is a member
of the Conception Bay British and Masonic Societies, and is the
President of the Sons of England Society of Harbor Grace. His
many friends in Harbor Grace and elsewhere will join with the
writer in wishing him every success at the coming contest, and
many years of usefulness to his native town.

ARTHUR BARNES, A. A., the third man on the Liberal Ticket for
Harbor Grace, is a native of Topsail, but has resided for the
past 22 years in Bay Roberts. The Academy there has, under
his charge, been instrumental in developing the mental faculties
of not a few of Bay Roberts' sons, and educational matters have
been given new life through his work. He is an Associate of
Arts, and is acknowledged to be a brainy and industrious man.
His entering the political field will open a new sphere of work,
wherein his ability will enable him to make his mark in the
political history of his native land. His popularity is widespread,
and his ability as a speaker and a debater is acknowledged.

HON. H. GEAR.

Hon. H. Gear is another young Newfoundlander of whom his
countrymen feel proud. The trusted member for Burin, on the
retirement of Hon. H. J. B. Woods, was tendered a seat in the
Executive Council. A clever young business man, the senior
and controlling partner in the reliable old firm of Gear & Co.,
he brought to his new duties all the qualities requisite in an
ideal representative. While Newfoundland is represented by
such sterling and patriotic men as Henry Gear, there need be
no fear for her future.

GEORGE SHEA, MAYOR.

George Shea, the controlling partner in Shea & Co. was born
in St. John's. Under the new Municipal Act he was elected its
first Mayor, an office he has filled with dignity and ability both
creditable to himself and beneficial to the city. Apart from the
high place he holds in commercial and civic circles, he is per-
haps one of the most popular men in the city. Being of a genial
kindly nature, and possessing a voice of rare beauty and power,
his name has always figured piominently on the lists of those
singers and performers who have always been ready to donate
their talent for charitable and philantrophic purposes. He is
kindly and unostentatiously charitable, and only very few of his
intimates know the extent of his practical sympathy to the needy
and distressed. He comes of a fine old family. His esteemed
father — Sir Edward Shea, President of Legislative Council, and
his uncle — Sir Ambrose, late Governor of the Bahamas, are the
pride and boast of Newfoundlanders the world over. They
have proved that for brains and ability, Newfoundlanders when
they get the chance, are able to hold their own with the foremost
men of the Empire. Mr. George Shea was for some years the
Executive representative of the District of Ferryland. In com-
mercial circles he holds . a high place; for years he has been
local agent for the Allan and Dobell lines of steamships, and
the North British and Mercantile Insurance Company.

JOHN R. BENNETT, DEPUTY MAYOR.

John R. Bennett is well known and one of the most popular
men of the city. His popularity was well attested in the Muni-
cipal election : he received the largest number of votes of any
the candidates, thus making him Senior Councillor and Deputy
Mayor. Mr. Bennett, well as he is known in the East end of
the city, where he does a successful business as proprietor of the

largest Aerated Water concerns in the Colony, is better known
in his birth place in the West end, where nearly every man of
his generation is a personal friend. He is also proprietor of the
large brewery business of Bennett & Co. in the West end. In the
old home movement Mr. Bennett was the moving spirit ; as
Deputy Mayor he was the convener of the meeting, and the large
and representative gathering in the T. A. Hall on that occasion
were loud in their praises of his tact and ability in the conduct
of the meeting. The subsequent success of the movement was
largely due to his untiring efforts and the visiting Newfound-
landers on several occasions heartly acknowledged it. In
Masonic circles, and other philantrophical and social organiza-
tions Mr. Bennett holds a deservedly high place.

JAMES M. KENT, K.A., K.C.

James M. Kent was born in St. Johns in 1872, and comes
of a family that have been prominent in the public life of the
Colony for over a half a century. His father, the late Hon
Robert Kent, represented St. John's East for a large number of
years. He is considered as one of the most promising of rising
Newfoundlanders. He has been a prominent member of the
Benevolent Irish Society for years, and is no\\ Yice-President ;
it is only a question of time when he will hold the highest posi-
tion that the Society can confer on him. Though comparitively
a young man, he has earned the reputation of being a sound and
and reliable lawyer, and his firm. Furlong and Kent, has one of
the largest practices in the Colony. Mr Kent has had an
almost unanimous call from the Liberals of St. John's East, to
to put himself in nomination as a candidate at the coming elec-
tion. His name is almost sufficient to elect him there, even it
were not backed by sterling honesty and ability such as he pos-
sesses. He is most fortunate in being called to his home district
where he is so well known and where he has thousands-of friends
and not one enemy.

GEORGE W. GrMlt'E.

George \V, Gushue, Minister of Public Works, is a generous
and genial son of Terra Nova, and for years has represented,
with credit to himself and benefit to the Colony at large, the
important District of Trinity. As Minister of Public Works,
he has had no superior in the office. He is very thorough in
his conduct of the Department, and is recognized on all hands
as an efficient and painstaking official. His charitable and
genial disposition has gathered round him a large number of
friends and well wishers.

EDWARD H. DAVEY.

Edward Davey, the senior partner of Davey Bros., architects
and builders, has a very high reputation in his native city as a
business man and citizen. He is prominent in Church circles,
being a member of the Diocesan Synod, and Vestry man in the
C. E. Cathedral. He is also a member of the Cathedral Resto-
ration Committee, and his knowledge as an architect and
builder has been of infinite value in the direction of vast num-
bers of details in connection with such a grand undertaking. As
an architect and builder he has a first class reputation. He in-
herits the traditions of those old country builders of whom we
have so few now-a-days, men who used to build for not only the
present proprietors but for generations yet unborn, such as the
Cornick Bros., the late Wm. Kelly, Alex. Smith, the Southcotts
and others who are responsible for all our older public buildings.
As a citizen Mr. Davey enjoys the confidence and respect of
his fellow-townsmen, irrespective of class or creed. He is the
type of man that any city or country may well feel proud of.
His firm have initiated an industry that promises to revolutionize
the process of stone and brick building in Newfoundland. We~
refer to the pressed brick industry. Davey Brothers are now
building a large house. and store on Duckworth Street, and if
this be a fair specimen of the style and material, it is very likely
that in the near future no other style of buildings will be at-
tempted in the city. It looks artistic, clear cut and solid, and is
a kind of material that will commend itself to future builders.
Mr. Davey deserves great credit for his pluck and enterprise in
bringing the process to such a state of success, and the reward
of his labours which he will reap, as soon as the advantages of
the new building material and more widely known, will be well
earned and none will rejoice in his success more than his fellow
townsmen who are all proud of Ned Davey.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

CAPT. THOMAS BONIA.

Capt. Bonia was born in Placentia in 1856. At an early age
he served his apprenticeship in the finest training school in the
world for hardy seamen — Cape St. Mary's. That he was an apt
pupil was proved while still in his teens, he was master of a
schooner on his own account and for three or four years piose-
cuted the fishery successfully in the Straits of Belle Isle and neigh-
bourhood. In 1880 he took charge of a large banker and struck
out for the Grand Banks, and was a successful skipper among
the big fish killers, when that industry was in its prime. In
1894 he commanded the s.s. Alert on the Placentia Bay Mail
Service, and acquitted himself with credit to his sea-going
qualities, and with such satisfaction to the people of the Bay
that to day he is probably the most popular man in the district.
In 1894 the fishermen of Placentia sent Capt. Tom to represent
them in the Legislature. Here his early training stood him in
great stead. He not only represented his district with credit to
his fellow-fisherman, but his vast and varied experience in all
branches of the fishery, fitted him to speak with authority
on all matters connected with our staple industries — the
fisheries of the country. He possesses a vast fund of what the
fisherman call "common horse sense," lie is a forceful and fluent
speaker, and like several other fishermen representatives, in
the House surprised those who heard him, with the breadth and
solidity of his views on matters pertaining to the welfare of his
native land. He is noted for his geniality and humour and often
brightens a monotonous debate with gleams of witty utter-
ances. He prides himself on the fact that he is a fisherman,
and a representative of fisherman, and if lie is a fair specimen
of the Placentia Bay men they ought well feel proud of him. As
a representative he has proved himself painstaking and efficient.
In fact the district was never so well represented as it has been
by the genial Captain Tom and his colleagues. Light houses
and other works of public utility have multiplied in all parts of
the district and the question that had been a standing joke for
years, the bringing of the water supply to Placentia, has at last
been solved mainly to his exertions, and the Ancient Capital
now enjoys a water supply, nearly as good as that of St. John's.
In case of sickness or accident or any trouble to his constituents
the big hearted Captain is always at hand with his sympathy
and practical help, and has thus endeared himself to the people
in all parts of his large district, even his political opponents testify
to the kindness and generosity of the big-hearted Captain Tom.

JAMKS AUGUSTUS CLIKI', K..C.

J. A. Clift was born in St. John's in 1857. He was admitted
to the Inner Bar in 1883 and "took silk" last year. He entered
the political arena in the great Liberal year 1889 and was elected
for Port-de-Grave, and in the session of 1891 was appointed
Acting Speaker of the Legislature, a position which he held with
such dignity as to merit the encomiums of members from both
sides of the House. He is a prominent churchman and a member
of the Diocesan Synod. He was one of the organizers of the
Sons of United Fisherman and still holds a leading position in
the Mother Society at St. John's. He is also a leading member
of the Masonic Fraternity. Mr. Clift has for some years repre-
sented in the House the Premier District of Twillingate as the
trusted colleague of Sir Robert Bond.

MICHAEL P. CASHIN.

MICHAEL P. CASHIN is a splendid type of our successful
young business men. Born in Cape Broyle 38 years ago and
educated at St. Bonaventure's College, he acquired a commer-
cial training in the office of the late Ml. Thoiburn, Esq., and
then began business on his own account in his native place.
He has been wonderfully successful, every ei.terpii.se he has
undertaken having proved immensely profitable, and he is lo-day
among the foremost of our outport merchants. Besides large
interests in the fishery business he is also a prominent operator
in whaling and salvage undertakings, and has acquired a well-
merited reputation for business acumen and a masterly grasp of
everything that pertains to the industrial interests of the Colony.
Mr. Cashin first entered public life in 1893 when he contested
his native district, and headed the poll, a distinction he has
achieved in every contest since by a steadily increasing vote.
He is universally popular and highly regarded for his probity.

WILLIAM J. ELLIS, M.C.

William J. Ellis is a popular and respected business man of
St. John's. In commercial circles he occupies a deservedly
high place. As a citizen his popularity is best attested by the
large vote which he obtained in the recent Municipal election.
He polled the largest vote except the Deputy Mayor and was
only five or six votes behind him. He has been prominently
identified with the Temperance movement in St. John's, having
been for years elected Vice-President of the St. John's Total
Abstinence Society by acclamation. As a contractor and build-
er Mr. Ellis enjoys the reputation of being in the very first class.
His sterling honesty and integrity is the best guarantee that
those who do business with him will get first class work and
material, As a result he does one of the very largest contract-
ing businesses in the city. Mr. Ellis superintended the laying
of the water pipes at Placentia, which was a most difficult piece
of work. He has done work on some of our principal buildings,
notably the rebuilding of the towers of the R. C. Cathedral.
This proved to be such a solid and massive job that it will be a
monument to his ability for the next century.

FRANK J. MORRIS, K.C.

Frank J. Morris is one of the best known and one of the most
popular men in Newfoundland. In 1889 he fought his first
political battle in Harbor Main. He met the Tory Colonial
Secretary of that date, and notwithstanding that his opponent
had all the Government patronage, and spent money lavishly in
the district, Mr. Morris beat him by the largest majority ever
rolled up in Newfoundland. He has been a most painstaking
representative, and his district shows the result of his efforts.
There is a great difference in Harbor Main now and when he
was first elected. His district is now one of the most prosper-
ous in the whole Island, due largely to the progressive measure
initiated by the Liberal Government, of which Mr. Morris has
always been a prominent member.

MICHAEL S. SULLIVAN.

Michael Sullivan was born in Presque, Placentia Bay He
is the second son of the late Patrick Sullivan, Magistrate of
Presque, so well and widely known for his kindly disposition
and hospitality to strangers visiting Presque. Mr. M. Sullivan
is a worthy son of a worthy sire. At an earl) age he left Presque
and took a course of training as land surveyor. He is now one
of the most reliable of our young surveyors and is constantly
employed in surveying mineral and lumber lands, and in kindred
work. Mike is popular in St. John's where he now resides, and
he and his family are as well known in all parts of Placentia Bay
as they are in Presque and are as highly respected. He is very
popular among the younger people of the Bay and is widely
kown among them as a good fellow.

ALBERT H. MARTIN.

ALBERT H. MARTIN, of the well-known lumber firm of Martin
Brothers, was born in St. John's in 1859, and was educated at
the Church of England Academy. He is senior partner in the
firm and it is largely due to his energy and ability that they now
hold a leading place in the produce and lumber trade. Mr.
Martin is President of that fine old body of men the Newfound-
land British Society. After the great fire when their Hall was
destroyed by fire, and when in common with nearly all their
fellow citizens, they had lost all their property, Mr. Martin's
ability as an organizer stood them in good stead. By his exer-
tions, backed of course by the Society, one of the finest halls
in the city was erected, and the Society to day is in a more
flourishing condition than at any other period of its history.
The Society has testified to his work, by re-electing hin for a
number of years by acclamation to the proud position of Presi-
dent. He is an ardent Temperance man, and a patriotic New-
foundlander. Those who know him intimately, and that includes
more than half the inhabitants of St. John's, have the highest
regard for Albert, and irrespective of creed or class are proud
of their young fellow-townsman.

In closing the pages of this issue, we have 'to say that we
will commence work at once on our Christmas Number. We
will make a special effort to largely illustrate it, and w:e have
arranged to print a larger edition than heretofore.

TtiE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Sliding.

By Robert Power.

winter, we were sliding adOwn the Poor House Lane(
My slide she was A. dandy, and " Rover" was her name i
A bravo smart, and painted blue, with roses on the seat,
And every slide upon the hill I reckoned she could beat.

My comrades there, a score or more of happy boys were they,
Alaughing, and ajoking as we joined in merry play,
feut a race is on, we all make start the hill-top now to climb,
And take up our positions or we'll be left behind.

Now all are ready for the test, with every slide in line,
Some are boasting of their speed, and I shout in praise of mine ;
But hold ! Here comes Jack Murphy with his old-fashioned slide,
Ah, she's too slow I we will not wait, so o'er the hill we glide,

The race is o'er, my slide has won, but Jack comes up to me,
And asks me why I didn't wait for him ? to let me see
How he could go, and knock me out, or any on the hill,
We all burst laughing at poor Jack, till tears our eyes did fill.

But we couldn't trifle with him. or his clumsy looking slide,

He didn't care for any, and the " bravos" he defied;

When some one said "your da made her," Jack's eyes then quickly flashed

It seemed to make him proud jthat word— and up the hill he dashed;

"Come on," he yelled, "and take your place, I'll leave you all behind,

Altho' my da he chopped her out, she's good as you can find."

We raced him, but away he shot, and left us in the rear,

On the slides our das bought down the town, which seemed a kind o' queer !

And such is life I We sometimes make a very grave mistake
In judging men as being slow, who might a record make;
Perhaps he looks a kind o' rough, as tho' he was chopped out,
His coat a kind o' shabby, as if 'twas knocked about.
But don't rush at conclusions, just wait and judge him fair.
You may get left, and just find Out with him you can't compare
In noble acts which prove the man, in keeping up in pace,
With others who load smarter, in this life that's b.ut a race,

AUGUSTUS WHITE.

SYDNEY HKRKERT.

ANTHONY POWER.

THK granting of a Rhodes Scholarship to this Colony means
much for Education here. As every French soldier was said to
cany a marshal's baton in his knapsack, so every Newfound-
land boy is a possible Rhodes scholar. The first winner of this
substantial prize is Sydney Herbert, the central figure of the
trio given above. He was a student at St. Bonaventure's Col-
lege, as were his competitors, Anthony Power and Augustus
White, this college being the only institution in the Colony
whose pupils succeeded in securing " exemption from Respon-
sions," the scholastic test essential for entry as a candidate for
the nomination. In the future we may expect all the colleges
to make a greater feature of this competition and to see our
locally-educated boys hold their own with boys educated abroad
as they have done so far.

FOR BOYS' AND MEN'S AMERICAN

Hats, Caps, Shirts, Boots, Ties and Suspenders,

Call at Jackman the Tailor s.

Our Gothing Department for Winter Wear

is now complete*

We have the best selected stock in the city. Everything for Men and Boys' wear can be had at our store

JAGKMAIN the Tailor, Arcade

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

for the
fall's Trade

We are Ready

Our Yards and Stores are well
stocked with all grades of <£

LUMBER .*
.* PRODUCE

and Roofing Materials.
MARTIN BROS.

MAKM'S for Clothing

If you are about to buy a Suit, Overcoat, or Reefer, call and
see our Stock of Readymade Clothing ; all new, and mostly
our own make. Cannot be beaten in the city. We will be
sure to please you. We make alterations free of charge.

E. J. MALONt, * Tailor and Clothier,

268 Water Street.

Painter, Glazier, Paper Hanger
and House Decorator.

First Class Work in our line; prompt and particular attention given to
Outport Contracts.

Always on hand HANLEY'S celebrated brands of Snuffs.

Outport orders thankfully received.
N.B.-We employ a staff of expert mechanics, who execute work with neatness and despatch

Address: No. 5 King's Road.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

EXAMINERS MASTERS AND MATES.

# OFFICE: LIGHT HOUSE BUILDING. J
Examiner-in-Chief— CAPT. E. ENGLISH. : Assistant Examiner— CAPT. J. R. MOSS.

Examination of Masters and Mates.

Examinations will begin on Wednesday of each week, providing that the
candidate produces the requisite certificates of character and time, and
passes the color test.

Application-'.'must be made to the Examiner on Form Exn. 2, and all
previous certificates and testimonials deposited at least two days previous
to the examination. Testimonials of character and sobriety must be pro-
duced for twelve months immediately preceding the application.

All services must be verified by a certificate of discharge.

An Only Mate must be not less than nineteen years of age, and must have
served five years at sea.

A First Mate must be not less than nineteen years of age, and must have
served five years at sea, of which one year must have been as Second or
Only Mate. [From ist Januaiy 1896, the Officer's Service must have been
performed with the requisite certificate.]

A Master must be not less than twenty-one years of age, and he must
have served six years at sea, of which one year must have been in the
capacity not lower than Only Mate of a foreign-going vessel whilst holding
a certificate not lower than an Only Mate's certificate for foreign-going
vessels, and, unless this service as officer was performed whilst holding a
First Mate's certificate for foreign-going vessels, he will also be required to
prove the officer's service prescribed for that grade.

Certificates applying only to steamships are issued to candidates who are
either unable to comply with the regulation which requires them to have
passed one year in square-rigged sailing vessels, or who prove in course of
examination that they are ignorant of the management of square-rigged
sailing vessels. All the qualifying officer's service prescribed for these
Certificates must have been performed in steamships.

These Certificates will entitle the holders to go to sea as Masters or
Mates of foreign-going steamships, but will not entitle them to go to sea as
Masters or Mates of foreign-going sailing ships.

Fees.

For a Certificate as Mate $5 .00

For a Certificate as Master 10.00

For a Certificate for Colors .20

These fees admit of two examinations. After the second examination
another fee will be required.

Candidates for Only and First Mates' Certificates must complete the
whole of their examination in Navigation in twelve hours, including the
time allowed for the papers on the cyclone or revolving storms, and for
the correction of all errors and over-sights ; but the nautical problems up
to and including (K) of the Syllabus prescribed for Only and First Mate
must be completed within six hours and without the candidate leaving the
premises during that period.

Candidates for Masters' Certificates must complete the whole of their
examination in Navigation in fifteen hours, including the time allowed for
the papers on the Chart, the Compass deviation, Cyclones, or revolving
storms, and for the correction of all errors and over-sights : but the prob-
lems up to and including (K) of the Syllabus prescribed for Only and First
Mate must be completed within six hours and without the candidate leaving
the premises during that period.

The examination commences punctually at 10 a.m., and closes at 4 p.m.,
when all papers will be called up, and if not completed the candidate will
be declaied to have failed.

In all cases of failure the candidate will be examined dt novo.
If failed in Seamanship, he will not be examined for six months.

If failed three times in Navigation, he will not be re-examined for three
months.

For further information as to time, place, and objects of examination,
applicants should apply to the Examiner-in-Chief.

Rules.

No books, papers or memoranda are allowed in the Examination room.

In the event of any candidate being discovered copying from another,
or referring to any book or memoranda, he will not be examined for six
months.

Navigation is taught at Carbonear, Harbor Grace, Bay Roberts and
Saint John's.

The Public are reminded that the

Game Laws of Newfoundland,

Provide that:

No person shall pursue with intent to kill any Caribou from

the ist day of February to the 3ist day of July, or from the ist day of

October to the 2oth October in any year. And no person shall

kill or take more than two Stag and one Doe Caribou in any one year.

No person is allowed to hunt or kill Caribou within five miles of either
side of the railway track from Grand Lake to Goose Brook, these limits
being defined by gazetted Proclamation.

No person may kill, or pursue with intent to kill any Caribou with dogs,

or with hatchet or any weapon other than fire-arms, or while

crossing any pond, stream or water-course.

Tinning or canning of Caribou meat is absolutely prohibited.

No person may purchase, or receive any flesh of Caribou between
January ist and July 3131, in any year.

Penalties for violation of these laws, a fine not exceeding two hundred
dollars, or in default imprisonment not exceeding two months.

No person shall hunt, or kill Partridges during the present year, or

before ist October, 1905. After that period not before ist October or

later than I2th January. Penalty not exceeding one hundred dollars
or imprisonment.

Any person who shall hunt Beaver, or export Beaver skins till October ist,
1907, shall be liable to cofiscation of skins, and fine or imprisonment.

And no person shall hunt Foxes from March I5th to October I5th in
any year, under the same penalties.

T. J. MURPHY,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Department of Marine and Fisheries,
September iqlh, 11)04.

NEWFOUNDLAND PENITENTIARY.

BROOM DEPARTMENT.

Brooms, * Hearth Brushes, * Whisks.

A Large Stock of BROOMS, HEARTH BRUSHES and
WHISKS always on hand ; and having reliable Agents-
in Chicago and other principal centres for the purchase of
Corn and other material, we are in a position to supply the
Trade with exactly the article required, and we feel as-
sured our Styles and Quality surpass any that can be
imported. Give us a trial order, and if careful attention
and right goods at right prices will suit, we are confident
of being favoured with a share of your patronage.

J5pi=All orders addressed to the undersigned will receive prompt
attention.

ALEX. A. PARSONS, Superintendent.

Newfoundland Penitentiary, September, 11)04.

A CARD.

J9NAS (L BARTER,

flrcWtect * and # Builder.

aea GOWER STREET.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Supreme Court of Newfoundland

List of Deputy Sheriffs.

SOUTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

George Geary.
John T. Fitzgerald.
William Trainer.
M. Mahoney.
Francis R. Curtis.
A. Collins.
Thomas Sullivan.
Peter Manning.
Howard Parsons.
Stephen White.
Cyrus Beck, sr.
Joseph Murphy.
William G. Pittman.
Eli Harris.

St. Jacques

Fortune Bay

Belleoram

William Grandy.
Joseph Camp.
Benjamin Chapman.
Albert Kelland.
Matthew Nash.
Prosper A. Garcien.
James H. Wilcox.
Henry Gallop.
Thomas B. Doyle.
Abraham Tilley.
M. E. Messervey.
Simeon Jennex.
Daniel J. Gilker.
Geo. Halfyard.

Pushthrough

Placentia and St. Mary's.
Burin

Harbor Breton

Burgeo

Burgeo and La Poile ....

(t U
U U

Ramea

Rose Blanche

OH ^

Channel

Flat Island

G rand River

Robinson's Head

St. George — Sandy Pt. .

Wood's Island

Bay of Islands

Bonne Bay

St. Barbe

NORTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

St. Anthony

St. Barbe

James Johnson.

Moah Verge.
Isaac Manuel
Richard Spence.
Noah Miller.
Edmond Benson.
R. Currie.
Caleb Tuck.
George Janes.
George Leawood.

Catalina

Trinity

I a Scie

Wm. A. Toms.
Constable T. Walsh.
Thos E Wells

Trinity

Tilt Cove

Twillingate

Northern Bight

Peter Campbell.
Thomas Roberts.
William Lanning.
Peter Moores.
J. T. Bendle.
George S. Lilly.
Alfred G. Young.
WTilliam Baird.

Pilley's Island

Shoal Harbor

•

F 1 'f

Eliel Noseworthy.
George Bussey.
Charles Rendell.
A. Targett.
Moses Bursey.
Reuben Curtis.
Eli Garland.
Ewen Kennedy.
Ernest Forward.
John Trapnell.
Jesie Gosse.
A. Hieilihy.
Benjamin Butler.
William Cole.
James Murphy.
William Maher.
William Butler.
John H. Ley.
John H. Bennett.
Edward Harding.

New Harbor

' .*

M H h

((

Ambrose Fitzgerald.
George Foster.
Philip Perry.
John Porter.
Robert Pike.
Adam Bradley.
Jacob Hefferton.
Wm. Sainsbury.
Peter Roberts.

Old Perlican

Bay-de-Verde

„

Lower Island Cove. . . .
Western Bay

Carbonear

Pinchard's Island
Wesleyville

Bonavista

• •\

Bay Roberts

Brigus
Conception Harbor . . .

Port-de-Grave

Thomas Wornell.
Charles Kean.

„

Middle Bight

„

Albert L. Howe.
John Burden.

Bell Isl'd— Lance Cove
Bell Island— Beach

St John's East

Salvage

King's Cove. .

Thomas Curtis.

September, 11)04.

JAMES CARTER, Sheriff, Newfoundland.
W. J. CARROLL, Sub-Sheriff,

OFFICE AND STORE — Adelaide Street. STONEYARD — Just East Custom
House, Water Street. Telephone, 364.

W. J. ELLIS,

•• Contractor and Builder.

Dealer in Cement, Selenite, Plaster, Sand, Mortar, Brick, Drain Pipes,
Bends, Junctions and Traps ; Chimney Tops, all sizes, and Plate Glass.

Estimates Given for alt kinds of Work at Shortest Notice.

Parlor, Dining and
Office Furniture.

Venetian Blinds
Made to Order.

Church Seats.

T. MARTIN,^

Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer,

38 New Cower Street.

Repairing Furniture Horses and Vans for

a Speciality. Removing Pianos, &c.

-ivv

ax£-s
fr

*,f .<

/r*

THE . . .

NEWFOUNDLA

-N"

talk

QUARTERLY.

JOHN J. EVANS, PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR.

VOL. IV.— No. 3.

DECEMBER, 1904.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

*sL

fwb?

CHRISTMAS MORN.

ISC

Christmas number.

CONTENTS.

" Christmas, 1904," Editorial i

" How Meagher Became a Millionaire" — A True
Story of Old St. John's— by Most Rev. M. F.

Howley, D.D 2

Illustration from Photograph — " His Grace Arch-
bishop Howley and Rt. Rev. Mgr. Reardon

starting for a sleigh-drive." 3

" To My Mother" — Sonnet, by Edgar A. Bowring 3
" Topsail Stages" — Poem, by late R. Raftus, B.L.,

with illustration — "Topsail Beach." 4

" Newf'undland Men and Cape Shore Men," by

W. J. Carroll 5

"A Christmas Carol," by S. T. Coleridge 5

" After Caribou in Newfoundland." by Lieut.
E. C. Kennedy, R. N., with illustration —

" Newfoundland Caribou." 6

"An Ocean Voyage," by Rev. Charles Lench.. 8
•'Above the Bridge" — Poem, by Daniel Carroll. 8
" The Catholic Church and the British Empire,"

by Rev. M. J. Ryan, Ph. D 9

" On Christmas Day" — Poem, by Dinah Maria

Muloch Craik ' 10

" Risen from the Dead," by H. W. LeMessurier 1 1
Supplement: A full-page Illustration from Photo-
graph — " Diocesan Synod— Lord Bishop,

Clergy, and Lay Delegates."

" Memories — Grave and Gay," by Rev. Canon

Pilot, D.D., D.C.L., I.S.0 13

" A Six Months' Tour" — Extracts from Letters,

by Sheriff Carter 15

" The S.S. Portia" — A Description of the new

Northern Coastal Steamer 16

Supplement : Two Illustrations from Photographs
— " S. S. Poitia," and '• Town of Fogo". . . .
" Books About Newfoundland," by Daniel W.

Prowse, LL.I) 17

" Wireless Telegraphy in Newfoundland and

Labrador," by Win. Campbell 18

" Samuel Mucklebacket, Esq." — Poem, by Sir

Robert Thorburn 19

" The North Sea Outrage" — Poem, by E. C . . . . 19

Illustration — " The Dead Monarch" 20

" Christmas in the Twentieth Century" — Poem.

by Robert Gear MacDonald 20

- -jjp

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

W. & 0. R[NDELL, Bowring Brothers,

General Commission «g
Property and Insurance
Agents* *£ *£ <£ <<£

ST. JOHN'S, NEWFOUNDLAND.

AGENTS FOR THE

PHCENIX ASSURANCE COMPANY, LIMITED,

OF LONDON.

Li mi ted. -

Ship Owners, Brokers, and General Merchants.

Exporters of Codfish, Salmon, Herring, Seal Oil, Seal Skins,
Cod Oil, Lobsters, Whale Oil, Whale Bone, Etc.

AGENTS FOR—
LLOYD'S.

London Salvage Association.
New Swiss Lloyd's.

National Board of Marine Underwriters of New York.
Liverpool and Glasgow Underwriters.
Liverpool and London and Globe Fire Insurance Co.
New York, Newfoundland, and Halifax Steam Ship Co.
English and American Steam Shipping Co.

Represented by C. T. BOWRING & Co., Ltd., of Liverpool, London, Cardiff.
Represented by BOWRING & Co., New York and San Francisco.

CODES — Scott's, Watkins, A. B. C., Western Union, Premier, &c.
Cables: — " BOWRING," St. John's.

PHCENIX

Assurance

Co., Ltd.,

Nf Id. Steam Screw Tug Co., Ltd.

D. P. fngrakam, jt Launch Daisy,
«Jt John Green. jt

Rates of Towage of Vessels in and out of St. John's Harbor, from a mile
outside the Heads to the Consignee's wharf, or from the Consignee's wharf
to a mile outside the Heads.

STABLISHED I

Of LONDOM, ESTABLISHED 1782.

Annual Premiums ................. $7,500,000

Fund held to meet losses ........... 9,000,000

Uncalled Capital .................. 12,000,000

•

GROSS TO
Jo Tons and unc
Dm 60 to 100 To
pej ton 3
101 to 125 T
126 to 150
151 to 175
176 to 200

2OI to 225

226 to 250
251 to 300

NNAGE.
er. . . . $4.00

GROSS TO

3m 301 to 350 T
351 to 400
401 to 450
451 to 500
501 to 550
551 to 600
601 to 700
701 to 800
801 to 900
901 to looo

VNAGE.

ns (10 cts.
dditiohal.)
ons ../... 10.00

. . 28 oo

16.00

. -38.00

' 18.00

' 22.00

. so.oo

Vessels requiring the Steamer to go beyond the abqve limits as far as

& G. RENDELL,

ST. JOHN'S. Agent for Nfld.

Cape Spear to pay one-third additional.

N. B. — Special Rates, will be charged during the ice season.

The owners are not responsible for any damage done by the Vessel
towed, to themselves or others.

W. H. STRONG, Manager.

ANGEL

Engineering & Supply

Company, Limited.

We are not quite sure, but we think we
have the most Efficient Organization and
Plant in the country for all kinds of

Machine and Iron IVork.

irsiHYrite for Information.

Alan Goodridge $ Sons,

325 WATER STREET, ST. JOHN'S, N. F.,

General Importers and Wholesale and Retail Merchants.

EXPORTERS OE ALL KINDS OF PRODUCE.

BRANCH ESTABLISHMENTS:

Witless Bay, Tor's Cove, "Ferryland, Renews,
Nipper's Harbor, New Perlican, Round Harbor,

Hant's Harbor, Caplin Bay, jl ^ <&

•

Where Fishery Outfits can at all times
be Supplied.

THE •NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Post Office Department

Parcels may be Forwarded by Post at Rates Given Below.
In the case of Parcels, for outside the Colony, the senders will ask for Declaration Form, upon which the Contents and Value must be Stated

FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND
LAHRADOR FROM JULY, 1904.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM. FOR UNITED STATES.

FOR DOMINION OF
CANADA.

I pou
2 pou

8
9

1 1

See
it
M
I?

20
23
26
29
32

35
35
Under i Ib
per 2 oz.

nts

24 ce
24
24
48
48
48
48
72
72
72
72

No parcel
less than

nts i 12 cents

15 cents.
3°

75
90
$i .05

Cannot exceed seven pounds
weight.

No parcel sent to D. of C. for
less than 15 cents.

' 24 "

* -?6

' *9.

Si.oS. . .

I . 20 ...

I 12 .

weight, I cent

sent to U K. for

24 cents.

No parcel sent to U. S. for
less than 12 cents.

N.B. — Parcel Mails between Newfoundland and United States can only be exchanged by direct Steamers : say Red Cross Line to and from Ne~v Yoik ;

Allan Line to and from Philadelphia.
Parcel Mails for Canada are closed at General Post Office every Tuesday at 3 p.m., for despatch by " Bruce" train.

RSTES OF COMMISSION
ON MONEY ORDERS.

General Post Office.

THE Rates of Commission on Money Orders issued by any Money Order Office in Newfoundland to the United States
of America, the Dominion of Canada, and any part of Newfoundland are as follows : —

For sums not exceeding $10 5 cts. Over §50, but not exceeding $60 30 cts.

Over $10, but not exceeding $20 10 cts. Over $60, but not exceeding $70 35 cts.

Over $20, but not exceeding $30 15 cts. Over $70, but not exceeding $80 40 cts.

Over $30, but not exceeding $40 20 cts. Over $80, but not exceeding 890 45 cts.

Over $40, but not exceeding $50 25 cts. Over #90, but not exceeding $100 50 cts.

Maximum amount of a single Order to any of the ABOVE COUNTRIES, and to offices in NEWFOUNDLAND, $100.00, but as
many may be obtained as the remitter requires.

General Post Office St. John's, Newfoundland, December, igo4. H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

GENERAL A POST ^ OFFICE

Postage on Local Newspapers.

TT is observed that BUNDLES OF LOCAL NEWSPAPERS, addressed to Canada and the United States, are frequently
•*• mailed without the necessary postage affixed; and, therefore, cannot be forwarded.

The postage required on LOCAL NEWSPAPERS addressed to Foreign Countries is i cent to each two ounces. Two
of our local newspapers, with the necessary wrappers, exceeds the two ounces, and should be prepaid TWO CENTS.

H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

~^G E N E R AL POST OFF IGE^

./ Postal Telegraphs. .

/COMMENCING to-morrow, Wednesday morning, 2 ist instant. Telegraph messages will be accepted at the Telegraph window
in the lobby of the General Post Office building, for transmission within the Colony to and from the undermentioned offices
for the sum of TWENTY CENTS FOR TEN WORDS and TWO CENTS FOR EACH ADDITIONAL WORD, exclusive
of address and signature which will be transmitted free, viz : — Bay L' Argent, Baine Harbor, Burin, Belleoram, Bonavista,
Beaverton, Baie Verte, Birchy Cove, Bonne Bay, Brigus, Botwoodville, Come By Chance, Clarenville, Catalina, Change Islands,
Fogo, Fortune, Grand Lake, Grand River, Grand Bank, Greenspond, Gambo, Gander Bay, Glenwood, Humbermouth (River-
head), Howards, Harbor Breton, Herring Neck, King's Cove, Lewisporte, Lamaline, Long Harbor, Little River, Little Bay,
Musgrave Harbor, Millertown Junction, Nipper's Harbor, Norris Arm, Newton, N. W. Arm (Green Bay), Pilley's Island,
Port au Port (Gravels), Port aux Basques, Port Blandford, Seldom Come By, Sound Island, St. Lawrence, St. Jacques,
St. George's, Sandy Point, Stephenville Crossing, South West Arm (Green Bay), St. John's, Tilt Cove, Terrenceville (Head
Fortune Bay, Trinity, Twillingate, Wesleyville, Carbonear, (via Bay de Verde) Lower Island Cove, Old Perlican, Western Bay,
Harbor Main, Manuels and Britannia Cove.

H* J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General

General Post Office, St. John's, Newfoundland, September 20th, 1904..

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

For

Christmas, 1904

IN STOCK:

HUNTLEY & PALMER'S

Cake, Biscuits, Shortbread,

finest Malaga Table Raisins,

Almond, Hazel and Walnuts,

nun A pull LINE OF =

Tine Groceries.

Irish Hams and Bacon.

J. D. RYAN.

Mrs. A. Mitchell,

Mantles, Millinery, Dress Goods,
Hosiery, Gloves, Laces and
Trimmings of all kinds.

...... IN STOCK ......

English and American Silk Blouses,
Underwear and Novelties,

BAINE, JOHNSTON & Co.

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland,

General Merchants and Ship Owners.

..EXPORTERS OF.. ^

Codfish, Cod Oil, Seal Oil, Seal Skins,
Codliver Oil (Norwegian process),

Salmon, Split Herring, Scotch Cured
Herring, Trout and Lobsters,

Sealing Steamers for Arctic hire. Steamers on
Labrador requiring COALS can be supplied at
Battle Harbor, at entrance to Straits of Belle Isle,
where there is telegraphic communication.

<£ NEWMAN'S

Celebrated Port Wine,

In Cases of 1 doz. each,
at $8.25 in Bond; also,

in Hogsheads, Quarter Casks aJLd Octaves.

Baine, Johnston & Co.,

AGENTS,

$4 A MONTH

Is not very much for a young man of 20 to put
aside out of his salary, but if invested with the
CONFEDERATION LIFE it will give

To his family, if he dies before age 40, - - $1000.00
To himself, if he Hues to age 40, from - - $1 159.00

to $1372.00
according to plan selected.

Insure early, while your health is good.
You will get your money back earlier in life,
when you can use it better.

c, era, CONROY,

GENERAL AGENT.

Law Chambers, St. John's.

Queen
fire Insurance Companp

FUNDS $40,000,000

«i tii i t i t i i i i i i iiiij'

INSURANCE POLICIES

Against Loss or Damage by Fire

are issued by the above

well known office on the most

liberal terms.

|lll"l I 'I II Illll Illlllllillill!!!!:! l|iirii.-|lir«!Hi'| lr|. |n| |!

JOHN CORMACK,

AGENT FOR NEWFOUNDLAND.

QUARTERLY

Number

VOL. IV.— No.

DECEMBER, 1904.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

Christmas, 1904. «*

THE Xmas chimes sound sweet and clear
And fill with joy, the listening air,
And whispering Hope the bosom swells,
While Angel fingers tune the bells.
This gladdest time of all glad times,
Ring out ye Merry Xmas Chimes 1

Christmas is again with us. How
short a time it seems, since the issue
of our last Xmas Number; yet what
changes have taken place since then.
What changes will have taken place
ere the coming of the next Christmas-
tide. All is change here.
" Change and decay in all around I see."

The moral of these reflections is, to
make the best of our present oppor-
tunities. After all if poor weak hu-
mans do, to the best of their abilities,
the task allotted, no matter how hum-
ble it may be, all will be well.

This is the message of the Christ-
mas Chimes. And this is the one
season that the message is heeded by
the universal Christian world. This
is the season of Peace and Joy and
Charity.

" Thou hast brougnt with Thee plentiful
pardon

And our souls over-flow with delight ;
Our hearts are half broken, dear Jesus !

With the Joy of this wonderful night."

It is the feast of the children, and
therefore of the world, because the
world is ruled by the children. It is
a time of joy and gladness for them,
and for us, too, who have retained,
despite the struggle and turmoil of our daily strife, the attributes
that make us " like unto children." Like the children, we can
all have the Spirit of Christmas in our hearts.
" And they who do their souls no wrong,

But keep at eve the faith of morn,
Shall daily hear the angel-song,

To-day the Prince of Peace is born I"

Faith and Hope ! Hope and Faith ! These are the gifts we
lay at the feet of the Christ Child. These are the poor offerings
for which we are repaid thousandfold. Faith in the Infinite
Goodness and Mercy that caused the joyful tidings to the faith-
ful shepherds ; and Hope in the same Goodness and Mercy
that redeemed the Race. Hope, the Consoler, that teaches us
that even if we grasp not that which constitutes happiness here,
yet if we " but keep at eve the faith of morn," the Crib at Beth-
lehem and the Cross of Calvary will be our sureties in the here-
after for the joys that never end.

" Tell me, how I may join in this holy feast
With all the kneeling world, and I of all the least ?
Fear not, O faithful heart, but bring what most is meet :
Bring Love alone, true Love alone, and lay it at His feet."

*********

Christmas Chimes.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY
wishes all its Patrons and Readers
H Verp fiappp Xmas and
Prosperous Hew year. •£•
This is our fourth annual greeting
to our readers. We promised to pro-
duce a magazine that would not re-
cognize any class or party, but would
be devoted to the best interests of our
Island Home. We conserve these by
getting timely articles, both entertain-
ing and instructing from some of the
best writers in our midst. We also
endeavour to rescue from oblivion,
and record for future generations, the
history of the country as told at many
a Christmas fireside. It may be that
we are garnering the data for some
future historian, who, with a master
touch, will open our eyes to the great-
ness of the deeds of daring every clay
performed in our midst by some one
or other of the thousands who yearly
go down to the sea in ships.

During the coming season, we in-
tend soliciting the assistance of our
patrons and readers in the Outports,
and will be glad to reproduce for our
readers some stiiring incidents that
happened in various parts of the Is-
land in ihe brave days of old. There
is not a Bay in the Island but has had
its deeds of daring, its romance, its
songs and poetry. If we could get
some of the experiences of outport
clergymen, doctors, teachers, planters and fishermen, we would
have a valuable addition to our local history.

We will be glad always to consider the manuscripts of our
outport readers, especially those who can give us bits of local
history that will be of general interest to all Newfoundlanders.

Our portrait gallery was so acceptable to our readers at home
and abroad, that we intend to enlarge it the coming year.

Our present Number will be one of the best of its kind ever
published here. It is replete with articles from some of our
best known writers, and illustrated with pictures of local scenes
of more than passing interest.

Our readers and patrons will be glad to hear that our circula-
tion has more than doubled during the year. Last year we pub-
lished a very large edition. We could not half supply the de-
mand o' patrons who wanted to send some memento of the old
land to friends away. This }ear we have prepared a still larger
edition, and hope to have enough to supply all our friends and
patrofis.

In conclusion we repeat our greeting, and wish you all, dear
readers, A VERY HAPPY XMAS AND PROSPEROUS
NEW YEAR.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Row l»eagber Became a millionaire.

fl cru« Slorp of Old St. John's.

By Most Rev. M. F. Hoivley, D.D.

THE splendid harbour facilities of St. John's: its easy
access from the Atlantic : the aptitude of the surround-
ing land for the site of a town, and the suitableness of
its surrounding valleys for an agricultural settlement;—
rendered it from the beginning a most likely place for
the founding of the Capital City of the Colony. Hence
although Ferryland and Placentia had the advantage of it in
priority of selection, and in the expenditure of vast sums of
money in the erection of military works, &c., yet these places,
not having the natural advantages of St. John's, yielded to it in
the course of time, and about the beginning of the XVIII. Cen-
tury we find St. John's the acknowledged Capital and the
residence of the Governor.

It was not, however, until the early decades of the XIX. Century
that she began to " change her character from a fishery to a large
commercial town." (Extract fjom Governor Keat's letter to
Lord Bathurst. — Prowse, p. 399.) The population of the city
at that time was 10,000, and immigrants were constantly pour-
ing in, principally from Ireland. Between the years 1814 and
1815 as many as eleven thousand immigrants came from Ireland.
Kent & Morris had a regular passenger service by sailing ves-
sels from Waterford. Newfoundland was blessed in those days
with two enlightened and broad-minded governors, viz. : Admiral
Sir John T. Duckworth, who came in 1810, and Admiral Sir
Richard Goodwin Keats, who succeeded him in 1812.

Under these progressive men, great improvements were made
in St. John's and its environs. The "Ships' Fishing Rooms,"
which had monopolized the best sites in the town, were abol-
ished. The laws forbidding the erection of permanent houses
were repealed ; grants of land were made in small lots in the
suburbs (the grant of "Mount Cashel" lands date back to this
period, 1815); more than a thousand acres of land were then
under cultivation. The streets of the city were laid out on an
improved and enlarged plan; a police force was established,
also a fire brigade, and an attempt was made at lighting and
sewerage.

In the year 1812 the second American war broke out, and it
was a harvest time for the merchants of St. John's. Many a
" fortune" was made in those years, and of one of these I am
going to tell the story. Judge Prowse in his admirable History
gives a graphic sketch of St. John's in these days, (p. 387 et
seqq.) "During the whole conflict (the American war) New-
" foundland was in a state of great prosperity, wages were high,
"... fish and oil and all our produce was also abnormally
" high." St. John's was the base of operations of the British
fleet during the war. " There were in the Harbour at the
breaking out of the war three sail of the line, twenty-one frigates,
and thirty-seven sloops, brigs and schooners of war." Prizes
were constantly being brought in laden with various cargoes,
many of them of very great value. At one time there were
thirty American prizes in the harbour. " I have heard a gentle-
man describe his walking across from Bennett's (now Duder's)
to Alsop's on the Southside on American prizes chained to-
gether. ... On board the captured vessels were all sorts of
valuable freights, — Lyons silks, and whole cargoes of cham-
pagne, &c. — (Prowse, p. 387.)

Among the mercantile houses of St. John's about the year
1815, was that of Meagher & Sons. Their premises were
situated about where Tessier's are now. On an old code of
signals in my possession (for which I am indebted to our local
artist, Jno. Hayward, Esq.), I find Meagher's house-flag. It is
all green with a large yellow capital M in the centre. He was
a very wealthy merchant, owning several foreign-going vessels.
He, like many others, having amassed a large fortune returned
to live in his native country. Before proceeding to tell how he

started on his career of success, I must say a few words con-
cerning the family history of the head of this firm.

Among the Irish immigrants who came to Newfoundland
about this time was a young man, a native of Clonmel, named
Thomas Meagher. He was a tailor by trade and worked at
first in the establishment of Mr. Crotty, a man who carred on a
large tailoring and clothing business. Young Meagher was a
shrewd business man and a great favourite in the household.
Mr. Crotty died, and in due course of time Meagher married
the widow and became owner of the whole business. There
was a romance connected with this Crotty, which it would be
out of place to relate here, but which may form the subject of a
future Christmas story.

During this stirring period scarcely a day passed on which
there was not a sale of goods from the cargoes of the prizes
brought into the harbour by the British men-o'-war.

One day a prize was brought laden with delf crockeryware
and glassware packed in crates. A sale was called by the town
crier. Mr. Meagher, who, besides his clothing business, always
had an eye to "the main chance," was punctually on the ground
at all these sales. Seeing that the goods in this case were not
of much value, he agreed with William Thomas, another pro-
minent merchant of those times, to "go halves" for one crate,
"just to keep their hands in." The crate was knocked down
to Mr. Meagher " for a mere song," and the auctioneer, seeing
that there was going to be no bidding that day, was about to
close down the sale, when a commotion was heard on the out-
skirts of the crowd. The Commissary or Quarter-Master of the
Military, at the time, was a certain Captain Barnes. He was a
jovial and convivial chafacter and was well known through the
town as the perpetrator of innuinerab'e practical jokes and the
performance of many bold and dare-devil feats. He was seen
riding along the street until he reached the scene of the auction
when he reined in his horse. It was evident from his rollicking
manner and the somewhat unsteady way in which he sat his
horse that he was returning from some carousal and was not
quite himself.

Flourishing his whip he forced his way through the crowd,
cracking jokes right and left. On learning that the sale was
about to be called off •' Come, Mr. — — ," he cried, " I'll take
the whole d — lot of them ! I want the crates to make coops
for my spring chickens. You may pitch the cups and saucers
over the wharf, but send up the crates to the Ordinance Yard
at once." He went off whistling a lively air, and thinking no
more about the matter. The auctioneer knocked down the
whole lot, some couple of dozen, to the Captain, and prepared
to have them carted to his residence.

In the mealtime, it having been agreed between Meagher and
Thomas, that he (Meagher) should take the crate home and
unpack it, and send half the contents back to him (Thomas).
Meagher had the crate carted to his house and placed in the
back work-room. He waited till night-time, when his journey-
men had all gone home, before commencing to unpack.

No sooner had he removed the first tier of delf ware, than he
stood amazed and astonished, for there before his eyes he saw
the rarest selection of valuable silks with which the whole in-
terior of the crate was closely packed ! He could scarcely draw
his breath, so excited was he, as he took out one after another
rolls and p: c'cages of the most brilliant and costly fabrics : —
silk stuffs woofed with wool, and with gold and silver threads,
forming the most exquisite patterns; shawls, hankerchiefs,
scarves, watered silks, poplins, velvets, satinets, moires. &c., it
was pimply .bewildering. It had been the intention, of course,
to introduce these articles as contraband to America.

Mr. Meagher quietly packed all the goods into trunks, safely
loci ed them, and carefully concealed them. The delf-ware of
which thtre vas cnly an outer layer all roi nd the crate buried in
straw, he leligiously dhided, and in the iroining sent one half

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Over to Mr. Thomas, but said not a word about the silks.
Thomas made some slight remark about the smallness of the
quantity, but was easily led to believe that the greater part of
the ware had been broken.

When Commissary Barnes awoke next morning, having slept
off his debauch, he was surprised to hear a great noise and
commotion going on outside. Looking out of his window he
saw the square of the Ordinance Yard encumbered with the im-
mense crates, and horses and carts still bringing more. He
could not understand what it was all about. He had quite for-
gotton his freak of the day before. In the course of the day,
however, his memory began to clear up, and it was helped by a
sharp reprimand from from the commanding officer of the gar-
rison who had come to learn of the absurd purchase. He was
reminded that his position debarred him from entering into
commercial enterprises, and he was ordered lo send back at
once the ridict.lous articles, or to pay from his own pocket the
amount of the Bill. The auctioneer, of course, would not hear
of taking back the articles, and the consternation of poor Barnes,
whose salary was not over large, was quite pitiable, besides his
confusion at being made the laughing stock of the whole gar-
risun. While in this miserable plight Mr. Meagher came like a
good angel to his relief. Happening along as it were by mere
chance and with a'l air of complete innocense. He got into
conversation with Barnes, sympathized deeply with him in his
distress, and finally in a burst of most magnanimous generosity
he said : " I'll t. 11 you what, Barnes. Without any inconveni-
ence to myself, I can help you out of this dirrkully. In my shop
I do a little of all kinds of business, so I'll take the crates off
your hands. Of course I know I may have to wait a long time
to realize them, as there is an over-stock of crockery-ware in
town just now. But I have compassion for you ; you're not a
bad fellow, and I like to help a poor devil out of a mess."

" My dear f How," shouted Barnes, squeezing him by the
hand, ''I'll r.ever forget this noble act I To tell the truth, it
s ves me from court marshall and degradation, for I assure you
I m deucedly hard up, and I never could find the money to pay
for those ink nal crates! I thank you most sin.eiely.''

Meagher lost no time in gretting the crates home and settling
the auctioneer's account. For weeks after be spent his nights
locked up in his work-room assorting and packing into trunks
and portmanteaux the contents of the crates. All were filled
with valueable goods like the first one.

That fall Meagher went home. The number of trunks and
portmanteaux he brought with him excited some comment, but
he said it was ready-mades that he was supplying to the Irish
trade. When he returned in the spring he brought out a whole
cargo of goods for the general trade of the Island, and seemed
also to have an unlimited supply of money. He bought a water-
^ide premises, as mentioned above. He soon became one of
our wealthiest merchants. After a few years, having amassed a
large fortune, he retired to Ireland and spent his last days in
Waterford. He was taken prisoner by a French ship, but man-
aged to escape. He had two sons — Patrick and Thomas.
Patrick became a Priest and a Jesuit, and was the first New-
foundlander promoted to Holy Orders. Thomas, who was also
born in Newfoundland was the father of Thomas F. Meagher,
the famous " Young Irelander," — " the Vergniaud of the rising
of '48."

SONNF.T: FROM THE GKRMAN OK HEINK.
/>> Edgar Alfred Bowring.

I HAVK been wont to bear my head right high,

My temper too is somewhat stern and rough ;

Even before a monarch's cold rebuff

I would not timidly avert mine eye.

Vet. mother dear, I'll tell it openly :

Much as my haughty pride may swell and puff,

I feel submissive and subdued enough

When thy much cherished, darling form is nigh.

Is it thy spirit that subdues me then,

Thy spirit, grasping all things in its ken,

And soaring to the light of Heaven again ?

liy the sad recollections I'm oppress'd

T l-at I have done so much that grieves thy breast,

Which loved me, more than all things else, the best.

Photo by Janus- Vey.

His Grace Archbishop Howley and Rt. Rev. Mgr. Reardon starting for a sleigh-drive.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

TOPSAIL BEACH, FROM A LATE PHOTO.

'HE following verses were written early
in the seventies by the late Mr.
Richard Raftus, B.L., and published
in the Morning Chronicle. The local allu-
sions caused a good deal of amusement at
that date, but most of them are pointless
to readers of the present day. We repro-
duce it by request of a Boston subscriber.

(To the Editor Morning Chronicle.)
DEAR SIR, — Havin' been informed that
you were offerin' a shillin' a line for poulthry,
and been in the want of a little tin, I suc-
ceeded in puttin' the folio win' together.
Perhaps you'd object to payin' so much, as
the lines are shorter than usual ; if so I'd
be willin' to make it sixpence, or make it a
lump sum for the lot, if you could let me
have it before Patrick's Day,
You'd oblige,

Your humble servant,

JERRY JEHU.

P.S. — The charge is as raysonable as any
man on the stand.

OH ! Topsail's stages and flakes umbrageous

Are situated in Conception Bay;
There folks go browsin' and some carousin'
- From St. John's town on a summer day.

Tho' in winter sayson, for the same rayson,
In a double sleigh, with two or three,

Take my assertion, you'll have divarsion,
Before returning, as you will see.

Copsaii Stages.

By late Richard Raftus, B.L.

But first on startin' you'll make a dart in

To a dacent house at Kiverhead;
Your asofaygus, some Ould Tom negus

Slip down quick and jump in the sled.

Then with furs wrapped round you, I'll be bound you,
'LI snap your fingers at snow drift and squall;

As you lave the city, strike up some ditty,
Till you're snugly sated at Boggy Hall.

If from sucking dudeen or sigaroodeen *
You're slightly husky in the passageway,

Good Misses Farrell will draw from a barrel
Some usquebaugh that's kum o'er the say.

When done with drinkin', you will be thinkin'

'Tis time you started upon the run ;
And hear the rhymin' and merry chimin'

Of the sleigh-bells as away you're spun.

Some pleasant chaffin" uproarious laughin'
Lightens the way till you get to Dunn's;

Or if you prefer it, then away we skerrit
On t'other side to soft spoken Ann's :

There another taste of O. T., the laiste of,

A drop of whisky or brandy — mind,
Keep head-piece coolin' to share the foolin'

A game of Loo or a dollar " Blind."

If you get three aces, make no smilin' faces
Nor slip another from off your knee ;

For such chatin' gainin', there's no manin'
Except with Grimshaws or cute Chinee.

But faith 1 'tis noonday and must soon way
On the journey to the land of splits ;

After more libations and inspirations,

We drop the picthers, and hall on our mits.

*Ce'tic for cigarette.

Then softly glidin' the double slide in,
No longer tarry, but to Daley's haste;

Where we will pop in, and take a diop in —
That well-known hostel for man and baste.

But there's no stayin' or long delayin'
Till we get to Squires' for a quiet lunch,

Then we will squat down and let a lot down
Of whatever feedin' we get to munch.

For our peryfayries, somewhat varies,
And Nature vacuums we know detests,

So sit round the table, and whate'er your able
Stow away like " invited guests."

Now the Lord that head is, of the Kennedies,
With the big boys of his Governmint,

To our native town is a comin' down,
And is for sartin on a good time bint.

Now if you pull in the caplin scull in
A fry of fresh ones, he will surely get —

Cake-toutens, dough-boys, fresh codfish oh boys !
Sure a finer male he never eat.

Then some calibogus — mind a sly rogue is.
But for a wash down is much finer, say —

Than the best French wine, or that from the Rhine.
Johannesberg or yet Tokay.

But sure I'm wanderin' and phlanderin'

And must get back where we started from )

So lets fill our glasses to the Topsail lasses
And drink their healths ere we start for town.

But when we get there, we will all rep; ir

To Atlantic Hotel or else Depot
And finish up with a nate hot sup,

For they're famous places as you all know.

Now good-bye gintils, get beyond the lintils
Of your various doors ; don't stop out, fear

Of a white stone head in your geen bed in
The General Protestant or Belvedere.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY;

neutf'undlatid l»cn ana Cape Shore i))cn.

By W. J.

THE Seiners, by James B. Connolly, a tale of the Glouces-
ter fishermen, is a tale that will be read with avidity by
every Newfoundlander. While it ostensibly deals with
the fishermen of Gloucester, it includes, of course, the
many recruits from our Island that go each season to
man the American banking fleet. Dealing as it does with the for-
tunes of the fishermen of Gloucester, a change of name to Cape
St. Mary's, the Straits, or Labrador, and the description would fit
to a nicety the lives of thousands of our hardy toilers of the sea.
It is a tale of live, strong, vigorous men battling with tempestu-
ous seas lashed by angry winds. Its a strenuous tale of virile
men, with the tonic of sea salt quickening the hot red blood that
courses through their veins, and gives us glimpses of human
nature — that is of the nature of those who go down to the sea in
ships — that excites alternately our laughter and our tears.

The description of the "drive" for the first load of mackerel, with
a little alteration, would describe the struggle for the " log load'"
enacted every spring in our waters by our local vikings. The pic-
ture of the seining, splitting and salting of a large haul of mackerel,
with its days and nights of hustling, with a few moments only to
get a " mug up" and no time at all to change wet clothes, or get
a wink of sleep, till a man falls where he is standing and sleeps
for hours as sound as the sleep of death, is a graphic description
of the life of our local fishermen in the " caplin school." And
then Wesley Marrs, Patsie Ocldie, Tommie Ohlsen, Torn
O'Donnell and Tommie Clancy are all big, brave, hoyclenish,
simple, lovable men, — men brave to rashness, resourceful in
danger, recking nothing of their lives to save a fellow-fisherman
in distress, driving like fiends to kill a voyage, and generous to
a fault with their hard earned money. Their prototypes in
Newfoundland are legion.

The Race and the rescue, and the run for home in the storm,
all are vivid pictures of the sea, and displays in a remarkable
manner Mr. Connolly's intimate knowledge of men and things
and their ways, and describes the life with such vigour and sym-
pathy, that one almost positively concludes that here is a tale
told by one who has just relinquished his dory paddles, and
while his mind is still keyed to the struggle, seizes his pen and
in a burst of genius describes it. Here's a pen picture of a
vessel sailing, by Captain Tomy Clancy, who lashed to the
helm on an inky night, sends a message to the cook.

" Then go below and tell him. Joe - — , tell him to mouse
his pots and kettles, for with sail alow and sail aloft, with her
helmsman lashed, and her house awash, in a living gale and the
devil's own sea, the Johnnie Duncan is going to the Westward."

And when they had all foregathered on the night preceding
the great race and were discussing the prospects of the morrow,
and the song and jest went merrily round, and O'Donnell started
in to sing — " On, Seiners all, and Trawlers all," but Alexander
McNeill and Patsie Oddie interrupted : "Oh give us the other
one, Tom — ' The Newf'undland and Cape Shore Men.' '

" Ha !" laughed O'Donnell, " it's the mention of your own
you want — you and Patsie there. Well, its all one to me. Any
man from any place, so long as he's a fair man and a brave
man, and the Lord knows ye're both ttoit. Well, here's to you
both — a wee drop just, Tommy — easy — easy, and he began —

Oh, Newf'undland and Cape Shore men and men of Gloucester town,
With ye I've trawled o'er many banks and sailed the compass roun' ;
I've ate with ye, and bunked with ye, and watched with ye all three,
And better shipmates than ye were I never hope to see.

Carroll.

I've seen ye in the wild typhoon beneath a Southern sky,
I've seen ye when the Northern gales drove seas to masthead high ;
But summer breeze or winter blow, from Hatt'ras to Cape Race,
I've yet to see ye with the sign of fear upon your face.

Oh, swingin' cross the Bay
Go eighty sail of seiners,
And every blessed one of them adriving to her rail !

There's a gale upon the waters and there's foam upon the sea,

And looking out the window is a dark-eyed girl for me,

And driving her to Gloucester, may be we don't know

What the little ones are thinking when the mother looks out so.

Oh, the children in the cradle and the wife's eyes out to see,

The husband at the helm and looking Westerly —

When you get to thinking that way, don't it make your heart's blood foam ?

Besuie it does — so here's a health to those we love at home.

Oh, the roar of shoaling water, and the awful, awful sea,

Busting shrouds, and parting cables, and the white death on our lee;

Oh, the black, black night on George's when eight score men were lost —

Were ye there, ye men of Gloucester ? Aye, ye were and tossed

Like chips upon the water were your little craft that night,

Driving, swearing, calling out, but ne'er a call of fright.

So knowing ye for what ye are, ye masters of the sea,

Here's to ye, Gloucester fishermen, a health to ye from me.

And here's to it that once again

We'll trawl and seine and race again ;
Here's to us that's living and to them that's gone before ;

And when to us the Lord says, " Come!"

We'll bow our heads, " His will be done,"
And all together let us go beneath the ocean's roar.

" I never again expect to hear a sea song sung as Tom O'Don-
nell sang it then, his beard still wet with the spray and his eyes
glowing like coal fire. And the voice of him ! He must have
been heard in half of Gloucester that night. He made the table
quiver ; and when they all rose with glasses raised and sang the
last lines again, any stranger hearing and seeing might have
understood why it was that their crews were ready to follow
these men to death."

H Christmas Carol

By Samuel Taylor Coleridge.

npHF. Shepherds went their hasty way,
•*• And found the lowly stable shed
Where the Virgin Mother lay :

And now they check their eager tread,
For to the Babe, that at her bosom clung,
A Mother's song the Virgin Mother sung.

They told her how a glorious light,

Streaming from a heavenly throng,
Around them shone, suspending night 1
While sweeter than a Mother's song,
Blessed angels heralded the Saviour's birth,
Glory to God on High I and Peace on Earth.

in.

She listened to the tale divine,

And closer still the Babe she pressed ;
And while she cried the Babe is mine !
The milk rushed faster to her breast
Joy rose within her, like a summer's morn
Peace, Peace on Earth 1 the Prince of Peace is born.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY;

Utter Caribou in PeiDfounaiand,

By Lieut. E. C. Kennedy, R.N.

THE writer of the following graphic sporting yam is Lieutenant E. C.
Kennedy, R.N., of H.M.S. Ariadne, Flagship of the Ndrth American
squadron. All Newfoundlanders will remember his uncle, the genial
-Admiral Sir W. R. Kennedy, R.N., K.C.B., the best all-round sportsman
in the Royal Navy and one of the most humorous after dinner speakers in
England; Author of several well-known works on Travel and Sport; one
of old Newfoundland's best friends. The guides who were with the young
Lieutenant speak in glowing terms of his wonderful walking powers and
good shooting. He is a born sportmen, his father, Mr. E. B. Kennedy is
a well-known authority on fishing in Norway and Sweden ; author of two
works — "The Black Police of Queensland," and "Thirty Seasons in Scan-
dinavia." A younger uncle is G. B. Kennedy, well known to lawyers as
the Editor of Koscoe's Criminal Evidence. D. W. PROWSE.

^NEWFOUNDLAND has been described by one of its lead-
I / ing authorities as one large deer park; a grand range for
its splendid caribou larger than all Ireland. And so it
is judging by the many accounts heard and by what the
writer himself witnessed ; there is probably no better big
game country existing.

Some twenty years ago, before the railwaj joining the East
and West Coast was finished, the caribou could wander unmo-
lested over the whole of the interior, except for such sportsmen
and trappers who could afford time to make expeditions any
distance from the coast ; now, however, thanks to the enterprise
of R. G. Reid, the sportsman can be put down in the heart of
the deer country, with all the luxury of modern travelling.

The line though, makes little difference to the caribou, who
can often be seen scampering away at the approach of the train
to some other part of the many miles of unsurveyed country
that still exist, and probably will do so for many years to come.

It was the middle of September that I went on an expedition
to these parts; I had been informed that to get one's heads was
a very simple matter — a little patience and straight powder were
all that was necessary, once in the track of the deer and one
made his choice — this I believe to be the case in many parts,
especially during the month of September when the deer migrate
South to warmer latitudes. Such, however, was not my experi-
ence as perhaps the following account may show, consequently
it was all the more enjoyable as one had to work to get such
satisfactory results.

It was near midnight that the train put me down at a certain
place near the centre of the Island, where no station, or even
footboard exists ; my two guides were awaiting me here.
Luckily it was fine ; no tent had yet arrived, but in spite of the
cold, a fairly comfortable night was passed, thanks to the two
excellent back woodsmen — men who had spent most of their
lives with axe and rifle, and as long as wood and water were
obtainable could make themselves comfortable.

B. was detailed as guide, and C. as cook. We spent two days
here, away from daylight to dark, scouring the country for sev-
eral miles round, and I must confess that my introduction 19
the sport was somewhat disappointing. Where were those
countless herds that I had heard so much about ? We saw
tracks, but very few of them were fresh. B., who had hunted
this same country last year in the same month and had never
had a blank day, was quite non-plussed ; the only explanation
he could offer was that owing to the mildness of the weather the
deer had not yet started tracking South.

Another place, some twenty miles to the West had also been
recommended to me, but rny proposal of going there on' the
third day hardly met with B's. views, he being unacquainted
with that country. Anyhow it seemed slow work remaining
here, so I overruled all objections on the part of the guides, and
accordingly we stopped the Express (it runs every two days),
and an hour later arrived there.

A couple of sportsmen were awaiting the train, and they had
just time to inform me that they had been there two days, seen
several does and bagged one, but no stags. This sounded more
hopeful, and following their advice, and the tent having arrived,
we pitched it some four miles north of the line.

The country here proved much more open than at the previ-
ous place, rocky hills and open stretches of marsh with small
woods here and there.

We remained here five days and worked hard. It was, how-
ever, not till the fourth day that I saw and got my first caribou.
We had been walking for about two hours when B. spotted a
couple feeding about 500 yards nearly to leeward. After some
rapid tactics of B's., which consisted of keeping out of sight and
running for about 500 yards so that they would not be able to
wind us, we got to within 300 yards, and though somewhat
breathless, was lucky enough to wound one, which made off. we
following as fast as the nature of the ground would allow and
finely came nearly up with him, after having run about a mile,
as he was entering a lake. He remained about 100 yards out
in his depth and presented a broadside view when a bullet
through his heart finished him ; to our surprise it was a doe
with a small head. B. was mistaken by the horns which were
out of velvet, an unusual thing for that time of the year. We
kept the antlers and the meat made a useful addition to our
larder, which was beginning to get somewhat low. It blew a gale
nearly every day, from the north or west, and our camp was not
too well sheltered, so I decided to shift to some other part of
the country; three hours portage brought us to a snug looking
clump of trees where we selected a protected place. It was a
move in the right direction, for, as will be seen, our game was
very much more plentiful here.

The men were pitching camp, so taking a look round I soon
spotted a herd on a neighbouring hillock. A closer inspection
revealed the fact that there were seven, one being a stag with a
small head of thirteen points. My license only allowed me to
kill three, and though an enticing shot I was afterwards glad I
did not take it.

Arriving back the men told me an old stag of thirty to forty
points had passed quite close to them. My disappointment at
losing this chance was great, still I was consoled in having seen
more already than at our previous place.

The next day I proposed visiting a large lake to leeward of
us; it took nearly four hours walking and we saw two or three
small herds, but winding us they made off before we got close
enough to inspect them. Our return journey, which was by a
different route and to windward, brought us better results.

We were at the foot of a hill when some three-quarters of a
mile up it. a black bear was out feeding in the open on the blue-
berries near a wood. My only chance was to cut him off, as he
was already apparently finishing his meal and approaching the

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

worJd ; I accordingly made off as fast as possible, the ground
being very rocky and broken, in hopes of a shot, but alas! I
was disappointed, for when 150 yards from him he saw me.
" Shoot," said B., but I was too unsteady, so I refrained in
hopes of getting closer. As luck had it the ground got denser,
with broken trees and stumps, and though Bruin must have
passed within thirty yards of me, so thick was it, I never saw
him again. He was a big fellow and as black as coal, and it
was in very low spirits we wended our way home.

We had walked on for half an hour, when suddenly " Stag,"
from B., caused us both to take cover, and there, 150 yards
down a hill was a fine looking beast with two or three does, the
first good one I had seen. It was an easy shot, as he presented
a broadside view and had not seen us; a bullet behind his
shoulder caused him to stagger on for a short way when he
rolled over dead— a good head of thirty points. This consoled
me somewhat for the loss of the bear. We grallocked him and
hung up a rag as a land-mark, as we were some way from camp
and it was getting dark.

Another two hours walking and B. spotted a herd about half
a mile ahead on the crest of a hill in an admirable position for
stalking, dead to windward with good cover. We crawled to
within eighty or ninety yards and got a good view of them — ten
does and a magnificient looking stag with a grand he;\d, the re-
mainder of him being behind a rock. I waited until the old
gentleman came into a sm.ill opening, and fired, result a regular
stampede the whole lot coining down the hill nearly straight for
us for they had not yet seen us, the stag bringing up the rear
apparently uninjured. What a grand sight he looked as he
charged past me about twenty yards off; surely I could not
have missed. Anyhow I was determined not to lose this chance
and I gave him one point blank behind the shoulder. His pace
never altered till he had gone a good 100 yards when he stopped,
faced us and rolled over dead — thirty two points but a far finer
head than the previous one — the brow antlers being particularly
well developed. PL ven B . old hunter as he was, admired him ;

an inspection showed that the first bullet was too far forward,
having pierced the loose part of his neck which had little or no
effect, the last one made a frightful hole in his side. I was
using a .303 Lee Metford, with a soft-nose bullet.

We arrived at camp soon after dark. The next day the men
were employed bringing in meat, etc. I kept the antlers of the
former, and complete head of the later, to remind me of a very
enjoyable trip. We remained there another day getting in some
of the meat and salting the skins, then returned to the Station,
I carrying my belongings, the men carrying the remainder,
which with the skins and heads formed a pretty heavy load.

B. and C. proved a couple of very useful men, some of their
many experiments were very amusing and instructive to listen
to; they were unequalled at skinning and grallocking a deer ;
they were obedient, hard workers, and never seemed to tire,
provided they had their tea and grub, which former they con-
sumed in large quantities.

To anybody who contemplates such an expedition the follow-
ing items may be of interest : —

Close season, ist February to 3ist July, also from ist October
to aoth October. License costs $50, which allows holder to kill
two stag and one doe. Guides usually paid about $2.00 a day
and found in provisions. Tent and cooking gear necessary.
All one wants is a frying pan, kettle, poiling pot. with cups,
forks, spoons, knives, etc, ; and of provisions the following are
necessary : — Tea, sugar, flour, bacon, pork, milk, lard, butter
and salt (not omiting coarse salt for skins, etc.), also fresh bread
for a start, when excellent flap-jacks can be made — a kind of
pancake made of flour and water. A very useful thing lent me
by a friend was a piece of light cotton duck about 6ft. x 2}^ ft.
It weighed practically nothing and could be fixed up to repre-
sent a stretcher by reeving four sticks or poles through places
made in the head and sides and securing them to four uprights,
its great advantage was that it kept one off the damp ground.
A complete shift of underclothing and good strong boots com-
pleted one's kit, with a large canvas bag to sling over both
shoulders to carry it in, and for night I found three blankets
necessary, as it usually froze.

Photo li]' S H. Parsons,

NEWFOUNDLAND CARIBOU.

;;THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

fln Ocean Vopage,

By Rev. Charles Lench.

ALL things here have an end. So had our eight weeks of
delightful pleasure time in the Home-Land. June, July
and August passed all too quickly. The friends we met
fe$8 with gladness after a long interval of years, we had to
leave again with heavy hearts. August the i8th found us on
board the Atlantic liner Ionian, a good ship, well commanded,
8,265 tons register, length 485 ft., and a 58 ft. beam. Her crew
numbered over 100, and her passengers 720; total 820 souls.

The majority of our passengers were crossing the ocean for
the fiist time, while a considerable percentage, having visited
the old land, after years of absence, were returning to the land
of their adoption. This was to be our fifth crossing of the At-
lantic, and as old Neptune had never brought us to his feet in
obeisance, we had no cause to entertain anything but feelings of
gratitude for past mercies.

It is amazing how soon, in this big world so shrunk by mod-
ern circumstances, you meet with some one who knew some
place or person that you know or were acquainted with, some-
where at sometime. We had scarcely settled before we were
face to face with Rev. W. J. and Mrs. Luscombe, and two
children, enroute to Wesley, Iowa, U.S. via Montreal. We had
met at the Free Trade Hall, Manchester, on the first Sabbath in
England, but never expected to see him again. It was the self-
same Bro. Luscombe. We couldn't observe the slightest change.
We would not have known that he was a full-fledged Yankee, a
real naturalized citizen of the United States if we had not learnt
the tremendous fact that his allegiance was transferred from the
Union Jack to the Stars and Stripes.

It is marvellous how quickly such a family will become ac-
quainted, and although it was six o'clock when we left the wharf
at Liverpool, on arriving at Moville, Ireland, at ten o'clock next
morning we seemed to be no longer strangers. Boats were soon
alongside and we were informed that for two shillings we could
go ashore and return. On landing we found a large number of
jaunting carts and their drivers, very anxious to take passengers
to the "Green Castle."

Some drivers got impatient for customers and went in for a
horse-whip 'skirmish. The Kilkenny cats never had a better
time, but while they were engaged settling their business, the
story of the dog and the shadow was re-enacted and the sensible
drivers got the prey. I suppose their differences are settled by
this time ! My friend Luscombe invested in an Irish pig of
bog-oak. He paid a good price for a small article, but he could
see nothing that would please one of his parishioners better,
a son of Erin, than an image of " the gintleman that pays the
rint."

My souvenirs were a small kettle of bog oak, some sprigs of
Irish heather, a specimen of peat, the "dear little shamrock,"
and some most interesting picture post cards. Our true born
Americans having taken a very circumspect view of the quiet
little town of Moville, pronounced it " alright," and when one
of Uncle Sam's representatives brings that word into requisition,
you may depend that it is alright !

We were in due course under-weigh and after a few hours had
rought but one vast expanse of sky and ocean.

As the days passed and the storms failed to interrupt our
pleasure, the voyage became increasingly enjoyable. It was
good to have so many who could sing and play. A Church
organist, a professor of music; and amateurs on the violin,
guitar, flute, and mandolin.

A concert rendered by our amateur artists would have done
credit anywhere. Our concert was given in aid of Liverpool
Seaman's Orphange. The Rev. Thomas Harris presided, and
advocated in a splendid speech the claims of that Institution.
He was enthusiastically congratulated on obtaining his Minis-
terial Jubilee.

The writer addressed the audience, rubbing in a few hard
facts and practical lessons. Songs, instrumental selections,
recitations and readings filled in a good programme, and the
collection amounted to 522.00. Three other collections were
taken for this object during the voyage.

Profitable and instructive conversations and debates were
always in order. Great International questions were raised and
settled according to our own peculiar views: moral and political
economy, Chamberlain's fiscal policy, &c., etc.

Some passengers, we thought, went too often, for their own
good, to a little shop in a side street, and imbibed too freely of
Scotch whisky and other beverages. Yet none were locked up
for being drunk and disorderly. Some of the younger voyagers
became to all appearances intensely affectionate. Perhaps the
old lines have since been fulfillled in more instances than one :

" To meet, to know, to love, and then to part,
Is the sad tale of many a human heart."

Can you imagine the delight with which the first voyagers
greeted the welcome sound of " land ahead," or the tremend-
ous rush and excitement at early noon, of hundreds of pass-
engers to get their first glimpse of an ice berg ? Nor was the
passage through the Straits of Belle Isle without interest to us,
as we left old Terra Nova behind us for a few days longer.

How shall we describe that 800 miles run up the River St.
Lawrence. Beautiful towns and villages and at length the Mont-
morency Falls, and soon after the charming view of old historic
Quebec, with its heights and Plains of Abraham, the frowning
fortress and the quaint old city.

Here the steerage passengers left us, and after a delay of
some eight hours we proceeded by moonlight upon the last stage
of our voyage to Montreal, accomplishing the 2,900 miles in
four hours less than any previous voyage of the Ionian, making
it her record trip. Soon we were through the customs. Then
came the good-byes and the genuine hand-shaking, but not for
ever. We hope to meet again, and the Great Pilot face to face,
when we have " crossed the bar."

flbouc the Bridge.

By D. Carroll. .

A BOVE the Bridge the night is fair,
•^ Up-floating on the frosty air,
The clink of steel and shouts that go
From skaters flitting to and fro,
Re-echo from the hills of snow

Above the Bridge.

To lands where summer breezes blow
Have gone the friends I loved to know,
Who many a night, as this as fair,
Had revelled in the moonlight here,
With mazy glidings, long ago

Above the Bridge.

O ! many a night shall come and go,
With moon-lit sheen the scene shall glow,
And Youth and Love shall gather there
And new delights their souls shall share ,'
While dreaming hearts shall whisper low,
The snow-clad hills again shall grow
Transfigured ; well — 'twas ever so
Above the Bridge.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

CDc Catholic Cburcl) and tlx British empire.

By Rev M. J. Ryan, Ph. D.

" Let not your good be evil spoken of."

1 HAPPENED last summer while travelling to meet a very
intelligent and fair-minded man, not a Catholic, who was
desirous of information concerning the mysterious institu-
& tion to which I belonged. The notions which he entertained
were so remote from the reality that it occurred to me that
we are perhaps somewhat negligent in explaining our O\MI prin-
ciples to the world in which we have to live, and for whose
welfare we are bound both to pray and to work. And this feel-
ing has grown upon me as I have seen, in English reviews and
newspapers, the disposition of a large section of the party which
once was entitled to the name of Liberal, to work up a " No-
Popery" cry as a means of securing them a majority that would
make them independent of what they describe as " the intolerable
Irish yoke" upon their party.

It is with the object of meeting misrepresentations, that 1 put
my ideas on paper. The Catholic religion is a religion of order-
ed freedom, and holding as it does ajitste milieu between extremes,
it is continually liable to be attacked by extremists on both sides ;
it is charged by extreme Conservatives with disloyalty; and it is
charged by extreme Radicals with being the party of tyranny.
The Catholic Church, in Ireland, in particular is the object of
hatred to both Orangemen and Fenian. The Catholic religion is
essentially a religion of order and union, of law as the bond of
order, and of authority as the source of law. Under this aspect,
she may be viewed as a great Conservative institution, the in-
flexible opponent of anarchy, lawlessness, and rebellion. At the
same time, by the necessity of her essence, the Church must
stand for freedom of conscience against the absolutism of the
State. She must insist on the independence of the spiritual
order; and she must defend the right of association. And as
religious freedom has no real security, without civil freedom,
and as, on the other hand, civil freedom leads as a rule to reli-
gious freedom, therefore the Church incidentally favours civil
freedom as a means to that religious freedom which is of course
her main concern. She undoubtedly finds herself most at home
under constitutional government, and particularly under consti-
tutional monarchy.

Now, I do not want anyone to be bringing me objections from
the i6th century. To accuse the Church to-day of disloyalty
because she was hostile to the government of Queen Elizabeth
would be as absurd as to accuse the Conservative party of dis-
loyalty because it was hostile to the Revolution settlement for
sixty years. It is sometimes said that there are Americans who
do not know yet that George III. is dead. In the same way,
there are Protestants who do not know that Pius V. is dead.
And yet he is dead, more dead than Pius I., and there is no
one to whom the Catholics of to-day would more readily apply
the theological principle that " the canonization of a saint is not
the canonization of his actions."

I often wonder that British Protestants do not see what a
striking analogy there is between the British Empire and the
Catholic Church. The Anglican Reformation was really an
ecclesiastical " Declaration of Independence," and it had in the
Grand Rebellion and the declaration of American independence
its logical consequence and (let me sa) without offence) its pro-
vidential punishment.

Long before the American Revolution, the New England
had effaced the cross from the flag of Old England as savouring
of Popish superstition. The Catholic Church, like the British
Empire, is envied for its greatness and dreaded for its power ;
and it is hated and misrepresented for the same reasons. And
the misrepresentations against the Catholic Church take the
same contrary forms as those against the British Empire. Each
is described at one time as tottering to its fall, and at another
time as being so mighty and so aggressive that only a coalition
of all other powers can withstand it. The British Empire is
described in Europe as the home of revolution and in America
as the great embodiment of tyranny; so is the Catholic Church
assailed with opposite charges of tyranny and rebelliousness.
There are people so blindly anti-British that Great Britain can
always dictate to them what side they shall take up; bv sup-
porting the right, she can make them support the wrong by
choosing the winning side, she can make them range themselves
on the losing side. She can make them support a Boer republic
or a Russian autocracy, — Calvinists or orthodox Greeks, — those
who profess to be defending their own soil against a robber
or those who openly acknowledge that they are going to seize, if
they can, other people's land. So it be anti-British, these
people will sympathise with it. And so too there are people so
blindly anti-Catholic, that any cause, however bad, has their sym-
pathy if it be in opposition to the Church. It may be tyranny or
it may be anarch)-, — it may be the tyranny of a monarchy or that
of a mob, — it may be indifferentism or it may be aggressive and
fanatical infidelity, — the denial of the right of association. — the
confiscation of property, — all have their redeeming points as
soon as they are against the Catholic Church. When the
Divorce Bill was being carried through in England, by the party
of all the virtues, Mr. Gladstone, opposing it with the conviction
of a Christian and the spirit of a man, wrote (Quarterly Review,
July, 1857 ) — " An attempt is made to prepossess our minds ad-
versely to this ancient and venerable [marriage] law, by insisting
on the fact that we owe it to the times of Popery. . . . 'Why
should it be thought a thing incredible ' with us that the Church
of Rome might here and there, by accident at least, do right ?"
Disraeli wrote once to a friend that the Catholic Church and the
Conservative party were natural allies, and that it was the ambi-
tion of his life to bring them into alliance. Disraeli usually knew
what he was talking about ; but how then can the Church be
accused of disloyalty ? Of course I am not claiming that Catho-
lics invariably act in perfect accordance with their principles ; no
one is perfectly consistent; no one always understands his own
real interests ; no one always rises above the temptation of pre-
ferring the interest of the hour to principle. I speak of the
spirit and the principles of the Church, and of the tempei and
character which she tends to produce, but does not always suc-
ceed in producing, in her children.

The person whom I refer to, inquired about the " deposing
power." I thought that this was rather a matter of archaeology
at present ; but I thought, historically, that it proved more con-
servative than the modern principle that subjects have a right
to decide for themselves when they should rebel. I said that
the Church of England on one occasion and the Scotch Kirk on
several occasions had exercised what was practically the same

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

as a "deposing power", and I asked him how much trouble Gov-
ernment would have in the British Empire if it never had any
except what the Pope would now stir up. In truth it is very
remarkable that the statesman who accused the Vatican decrees
of making Catholics disloyal should, before ten years were over,
be appealing to the Pope to make the Catholics loyal, in one
part of the Empire.

Now if we turn to foreign countries, Italy, one of the most
Catholic countries in Europe, is the one where the people wors-
hip England ; and that sentiment is scarcely less strong in the
Vatican than in the Quirinal. In France, until the Dreyfus
affair the Catholics were the pro-British party ; that was as it
should be, for English sympathy then went with the Catholic
Church; but Catholic sympathy was carried so far that distin-
guished French Catholics wrote in defence of British policy in
Ireland ; and it was to the Radicals and Socialists of France
that Parnell appealed. I do not defend the French Catholics
for their attitude on the Dreyfus case ; but I think the London
Times might have remembered that it, too, was once deceived by
a forger ; and it is very natural that the French Catholics should
have resented the attacks on their army. Now, if we turn to
the storm of abuse during the Boer war, in what country was
there such an outburst of diabolical and hypocritical malignity
as in the land of the Reformation ? Every Protestant pulpit in
Germany resounded with accents of wrath and hatred. I do
not know that the Catholics were any better, but at least the
Catholic pulpits were not degraded in this fashion ; and I know
that the Germailia, one of the two chief Catholic organs in Ger-
many, argued that friendship with England would be better than
friendship with Russia, because the example of England would
work in favour of fair treatment for the Catholic Church, and
the example and influence of Russia against it.

If we turn within the Empire, the French Canadians, though
newly conquered, were loyal in i 776, when the Protestants of
the Thirteen Colonies rebelled ; and the French Canadians are
loyal still; Bourassa is a gas-bag, of no influence; and anyhow
he is not a " Clerical" but an anti-clerical. If it be said that
there is some racial dislike to the English, I answer that the
French Canadians like the English much better than any other
race; they like a Protestant Englishman better than a Catholic
Irishman; they have usually voted on the opposite side to the
Irish ; and when they went solid to elect a Prime Minister of
their own race, it was indeed a Liberal, but a Confederate, and
Imperialist, and one who has since carried his imperialism so
far as to say, in his place in the House of Commons, that though
he believed in the principle of Home Rule, yet he must add that
some of the Nationalist Leaders had by their conduct excited a
just and reasonable distrust.

In Ireland, I maintain that the Catholic Church for the last
one hundred and fifty years has been loyal to Great Britain,
while the Protestants of Ireland have been loyal to nothing but
their own interests, have played off the two peoples against one
another, have been Irish or English according as it suited their
own purpose, and have always been ready to ally themselves
with the rebel faction whenever they were not allowed to have
their own way in oppressing the Catholics. In speaking of the
Protestants of Ireland, I do not know whether I ought to call
them Irish Protestants or Protestant Irish, or whether I ought
to call them Irish at all, and not rather an Anglo-Scotch Colony
in Ireland. The word Irish is as ambiguous as the word Am-
erican, which may mean a Red Indian, a white man, or a negro
citizen of the U. S. I notice that both the English and the Irish
are ready to claim them when they do anything honourable, and

to disown them when they do anything shameful; but if they are
English when they win battles, they are English when they com-
mit crimes, and if they are Irish when they win battles, they are
Irish when they commit crimes. All I ask for is consistency.
They themselves were Irish in 1782 and English in 1798 ; they
were Irish the other day, when it was a question of getting
a grant from the treasury in addition to the price of their estates ;
they are English again when it is a question of Home Rule ; in
general, they are Irish when they want the help of the Catholics
to get anything from Great Britain, and they are English when
they want to refuse the Catholics any share of the freedom or the
power which they monopolise. Perhaps we ought to say that
they are neither English nor Irish, but a tertium quid. Mr. Bryce,
who belongs to them, thinks them superior in character to either
Irish or English. Matthew Arnold thinks that they have retained
"the narrowness and doggedness of the Saxon" and acquired
"the passionate unreason of the Celt."
(Continued.)

TILT COVE.

On Christmas Dap.

By Dinah Aftirin Midoclt Craik.

GOD rest ye, merry gentlemen ; let nothing you dismay,
Kor Jesus Christ, our Savior, was born on Christmas Day.
The Dawn rose red o'er Bethlehem, the stars shone through the gray,
When Jesus Christ, our Savior, was born on Christmas Day.

God rest ye, little children ; let nothing you affright,

Kor Jesus Christ, your Savior, was born this happy night ;

Along the hills of Galilse the white flocks sleeping lay,

When Christ, the child of Nazareth, was born on Christmas Day.

God rest ye, all good Christians ; upon this blessed morn
Tne Lord of all good Christians was of a woman born :
Now all your sorrows He doth heal, your sins he takes away;
For Jesus Christ, our Savior, was born on Christmas Day.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY"

— AN ILLUSTRATED MAOAZI.NE —

Issued every third month about the 151!) of March, June, September and

December from the office
34 Prescott Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

JOHN J. EVANS, -:- -:- -:- PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR,

To whom all Communications should be addressed.

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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Risen from the Dead.

By H. W. LeMessurier.

IN a fisher's cot, situated in a remote fishing hamlet of one of
our southern bays, a woman sat, at the close of an afternoon
of September, gazing out over the restless sea which con-
stantly beat on the beach which fringed the wild and open
jfi cove that served as a resting place for the fishermen's boats
when not at work. As the woman gazed she saw not the
steady roll of the ocean's billows as they sped landward and
broke upon the shore, nor the fishing boats in the distance
hieing homewards, nor yet the beauties of the seascape lighted
by the rays of the setting sun, and alternating in colors as the
clouds moved slowly overhead. Her thoughts were far away
in past scenes, when happy days were hers, and when a loved
one had been eagerly looked for each day as time came for his
fisher's skiff to come to land. And as. she thought and gazed
she remembered the time when happy days were turned to grief,
and patient watching and fervent hopes alone kept her alive and
helped her to bear her heavy burden.

But now after nearly seven years of loneliness she was faced
by a question of, to her, stupendous moment, and this was the
cause of Ruth Hope's idleness on this summer afternoon.
Would she wait and hope any longer and eke out the miserable
pittance which just kept herself and child from starvation, or
would she accept the offer of marriage made her by Edward
Poole who for the last seven years had been a persistent ad-
mirer of hers. This was the question which she tried to settle
in her own mind, for whilst her love was with the absent and
perhaps dead one, her needs of sustenance were great and
the future of her boy was a greater consideration with her.

Nearly eight years prior to the opening of this story John
Hope had brought Ruth, a blushing bride, from her home in a
settlement thirty miles distant, and was the envy of all the
bachelors of Lobster Cove, as Ruth was a comely maiden of
winning manners. The girls of the cove also were envious, for
Ruth had taken from them one of the most eligible and best
looking young fishermen to be found for miles. Amongst those
who envied John the most, was his chum and fishing mate —
Edward Poole — whose work brought him in constant contact
with Ruth. It was not long before he learnt to regard her with
the deepest of affection and became secretly jealous of John's
good fortune in the posse sio.i of such a wife. His jealous
temperament worked on his better feelings and often he found
himself planning how John might be disposed of or got out of
the way, so that he might have Ruth as his own.

The Cove they lived in w.is open to the east and southerly
winds, and. it b.-ing a rough spot when these winds blow, no
craft could be kept there which could not be hauled up on the
beach out of reach of the raging seas. During summer jime the
boats were mostly put on collars — that is moored out from the
shore, and sometimes when an unusually heavy sea rose they
were swamped at their moorings and often sank. Hence it was
that all their trading was done with the schooner traders which
periodically visited the Cove taking the catch of the fisherman
and leaving such supplies as they needed. Occasionally the
fishermen visited St. Pierre in the spring and fall to settle up
their accounts and then they clubbed together and went in one
of the largest skiffs belonging to the settlement.

Christinas was approaching, the first that Ruth was to spend
in her new home, when it became necessary for John and several
others to visit St. Pierre and purchase a few necessaries in pre-
paration for the celebration of the coming festival, and Ruth
was anxious that John should go as she wanted, for a particular
event, one 01 two articles which could not be obtained in Lob-
ster Cove. Edward Poole was amongst the number who were
going," and laughingly said when wishing Ruth good-bye, "we
may not get back until after Christmas." St. Pierre was reached
in due course and the first evening wa> spent in the Cafe Lion
D'ur, where a motley crowd had assembled. Amongst those
present was the mate of a ship which had a few days before put
in to the roadstead from stress of we.ither, having had her decks
swept coming out of the Gulf and losing three of her crew. She

was a barque bound to England with a load of deal, and having
a scanty crew when she left Miramichie was now too short-
handed to proceed on her voyage. It was very hard to get
sailors in St. Pierre, as the French sailors of the port did not
care to ship on an English ship, and the few English speaking
sailors would not ship for the run unless they were guaranteed
their return passage to Newfoundland. The mate of the ship
was endeavoring to get men by every means in his power, and
spying the Lobster Cove men he very soon invited them to
drink, and broached the subject of his needs in the usual man-
ner. His eloquent description of the outside world, and the
advantages to be gained by sailing to foreign parts almost won
some of them over, and two promised to meet him again on the
morrow, and afterwards left the Cafe.

Edward Poole who had sat quietly listening to the offers, and
had decidedly refused them, made as though he were going with
the others, but slipped back and sitting clown alongside the mate
began bargaining with him for three men. He pointed out that
by a little management they might be secured and that strategy
would have to be used to secure them, Before he left he ar-
ranged to delay the sailing of their small craft for two days and
to bring on board three men on the next night, the mate to have
everything ready for sea and to be prepared to drug the men.

Edward Poole had thought out a diabolical scheme for getting
John Hope out of the way, for a time at least, and hoping that
thereby he might win Ruth for himself. With this object in
view Poole on the morrow persuaded two of the men to go with
him in the evening on board the barque to visit the mate, and
tried to induce John Hope to also go. He had some difficulty
in doing so, but at length prevailed, alleging as an inducement
that he might want John's help to row back the boat, as he
thought it likely that the others would stay until morning.

Everything went as he desired for the carrying out of his
nefarious scheme, and when the dory got alongside the barque
they were most effusively welcomed on board by the mate, who
invited them to the cabin where they were introduced to the
captain. After talking a while the mate produced a decanter of
nun, and filling out drinks for all, but the captain, jocularly
offered a toast " To sweethearts and wives,1' which he evaded
drinking himself by just putting the tumbler to his closed lips
and holding it as though he were drinking. Edward Poole, who
was in an awkward position, first held his glass and looked
steadily at the mate, and keenly nothing what he did followed
suit, whilst the others, in the conventional style, tossed the
liquor off — draining the glasses without a stop.

The effects of the drugged liquor soon began to tell on the
men who were pressed to take a parting glass, and in their half
stupid state did so without heeding the large quantity poured
out for them. It was not long before Edward Poole was speed-
ing on his way shoreward with the reward of his treachery in
his pocket. As he had so timed his departure for the ves-
sel, and his arrival back, he reached his lodging house before
supper-time and before Mat Rogers, the eldest of the Lobster
Cove men, had returned. Upon the entry of Rogers, Poole
inquired of him where Hope and the other men were, and as
Rogers casually remarked that they might be at the Cafe Lion
D'or, nothing more was said, and no notice was taken of their
absence until late on the following morning. Poole slept but
little that night, and at day-light went to view the roadstead, and
to his intense relief saw the barque being towed to sea by a
small tug, he watched her until she was well out of sight, and
then returned to his bed to meditate on his future actions.

At breakfast the landlady of the house remarked, that the
others must be lazy this morning and supposed that they would
soon appear. As Mat Rogers was engrossed with his business
and anxious to get away that evening, or as soon as a favorable
time offered, he went out without making any enquiry about
Hope and his comrades, but about -i i o'clock he returned in
search of Hope's aid in a transaction of mutual benefit to them,
and on enquiry learnt that he had not been at home during the

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

night and that neither of the three had been seen since last
evening. Mat Rogers immediately made enquiries at all the
haunts of the Newfoundlanders, and securing Poole's aid in his
search went to the Commissaire de Police and told him the story
of the missing ones, and Monsieur B — , who was interested in
and knew John Hope, secured a ready promise from the Com-
missaire to at once institute a search for the missing men.

It was not long before the news, that three of the Newfound-
land fishermen had disappeared, spread over St. Pierre, and
many were the conjectures as to what had become of them.
During the evening a gale of wind sprang up from the North
and blew with great violence for two days, veering on the second
to North-East, thus preventing Rogers and Poole from leaving
St. Pierre even had they desired to do so. The gendarmes had
searched St. Pierre and Isle-aux-Cliiens and no tidings had been
obtained, although the Commissaire de Police had discovered
that the captain of an English barque had been looking for men
and he concluded that the missing men had gone in her. Mat
Rogers, however, could not believe that John Hope would'wil-
lingly go away without consulting him, and whatever the others
might do he would not leave his wife and home to whom, Rogers
knew, he was deeply attached. Having done all in his power,
and apparently in the power of Poole, to find John Hope and
the other two men, he reluctantly set out for Lobster Cove with
a fine southerly wind and made a quick run home.

You may be sure that Mat Rogers was not silent on his way
home. He reviewed again and again the occurrences of the
past week and the conjectures which had been mooted as to the
disappearance of the men — always winding up with the pro-
nouncement that " whatever had happened them, John Hope
never went away of his own good will."

Rogers discussed with Poole the best way to break the news
to Ruth, and Ruth's future if John did not come back, and it
was arranged that Rogers being the eldest should perform the
unpleasant task, whilst Poole visited the friends of the other
men on a similar errand.

It was dark when the skiff touched the beach of Lobster
Cove, and after she had been moored and the goods which they
brought taken out of her, Rogers, who had told his wife, upon
their arrival, of the sad news he had, induced her to go with
him to Ruth's house. Ruth was anxiously on the lookout for
her husband, and supposing he was detained by securing the
boat, welcomed Mat and his wife into the house. It was with
great difficulty that Rogers told her of her husband's absence,
and of how it occurred that he came back without him.

The blow was a great one to Ruth, who at first could not
realize that John was not somewhere in St. Pierre, and the only
comfort she had was in Mat Rogers' suggestion that he might
have been forced on board the vessel that was there wanting a
crew and being carried away against his will. Ruth after a time
clung strongly to this supposition, and in all the years that had
passed never lost faith in the hope of his return.

A satisfactory arrangement was made by Mat Rogers, on
behalf of Ruth, with Edward Poole to continue to run the fishing
skiff as of yore with the help of Mat's youngest son, so that with
her husband's savings and her share of the skiff's earnings she
had managed for five years to live in a semblance of comfort.

One month after Mat Rogers came from St. Pierre and told
of the disappearance of her husband, a son was born to her, and
for some time she hovered between life and death, but owing to
a strong constitution and the kindly offices of the mothers of the
settlement, she was able to resume her household duties before
the spring. It was a pathetic sight to see the way she cared for
her baby boy, and how carefully she brought him up, and when
he grew to talk, how she constantly talked to him about "dadda"
and what they would do when he came home.

During this period Edward Poole had pressed her again and
again to marry him, and by his constant attention and pecuniary
aid had forced her to regard him in the light of a brother, but
to all his oft repeated importunities of marriage she gave him
the one answer,— that she could not think of marrying whilst
John was alive.

After five years of long waiting Poole was forced, by a failure
in the fishery and the destruction of their boat in a great gale,
to seek employment in a nearby settlement as a bank fisherman,

and Ruth was driven to support herself by knitting, making
fish, and working generally for the neighbours. The year pre-
vious to the commencement of our story had been a trying one
for Ruth, who was often with barely enough to keep her self
and son from starving. Poole had done well as a bank fisher-
man and urged Ruth to escape her drudgery and starvation by
marrying. As an inducement for her to do so, he spoke so
feelingly of her little son and the advantages of education that
he might have, that she had given him a promise that if John
did not turn up at the end of the next year she would favour-
ably consider his proposal.

And now the time was fast approaching and Ruth was in
great perplexity, as in her inmost heart she believed that John
was living and might come back. Yet she dreaded the future,
more for her son than for herself, and thus we find her at the
opening of our story debating with herself what her answer
would be when Edward Poole came for it at the end of a week.

Whilst Ruth was thus engaged the sailing packet, which
periodically visited the Cove, hove up and sent her boat ashore
with the mails and a passenger who appeared to be a weather
beaten' seaman. The usual crowd of unemployed greeted the
mailman when he came ashore, but no one recognized the sea-
man until he met Mat Rogers whom he stopped and spoke to,
At first Mat did not recognize him, and when he did was almost

frantic with joy and took him to his house telling him on the way about
Ruth and his boy. John wanted to go on to his own house, but Rogers
insisted on it that he should go on and prepare Ruth. John agreed to this,
but would not stay behind. Mat Rogers found Ruth as has been previously
described, who told her that the mail had just arrived and that there was
good news for her. Before he could say much more John was in the house,
and Ruth, with true wifely instinct, flew to his arms the moment she saw him.

John's story was soon told, how he had been induced to go on board the
barque and of the scene in the cabin, and how he remembered nothing more
until the evening of the next day when he was rudely ordered on deck to
help the sailors. During that day and the four following days a heavy gale
of wind from the North drove the ship out of her course. As the ship on
the first day lost her mizzen-mast and maintopgallant-mast and was forced
to run before it under reefed fore-topsails, when the gale abated it was
found that she was leaking badly, and that if she had not been lumber
laden she would have certainly sunk. All of this John knew little about,
as in the loss of the topgallant mast he had been struck in the head by the
end of one of the yards and had been insensible for some time. At the
same time three of the sailors, including the other Cove men, had been
washed overboard, and had it not been for the boatswain, who had taken
a liking to John he would never have returned to Ruth. For some days
the ship lay wallowing in the sea until sighted by a vessel bound for the
Brazils which rescued them from a watery grave. John meantime had re-
covered his bodily strength, but constantly complained of his head and
could remember nothing of past events. He was eventually landed in Per-
nambuco and taken charge of by the British Consul, who finding that he
was not in his proper mind and could not tell where his home was, had him
removed to a hospital. Subsequently he was discharged, and in one of his
few sane moods shipped on a vessel bound to the West Indies. In one of
the Islands he became ill and was removed to hospital, and from thence
taken to a lunatic asylum where he had to perform manual labour with his
fellow inmates, who were blacks. About nine months previous to his home
coming, one of the black lunatics, who had an aversion for John, in a state
of frenzy struck him over the head and he was picked up in a state of in-
sensibility. The doctor of the asylum, finding the skull slightly crushed
and that it appeared as an old wound, summoned a well-known surgeon
who was at the hospital and successfully performed the operation of
trepanning or lifting the crushed bone from pressure on the brain. When
John was restored to consciousness and his brain commenced to work pro-
perly, he was puzzled to know where he was and how he came there, but
the good nurse who tended him understood what he wanted, and told him
to rest and keep quite and all would be well. Next day John woke, with-
out any fever, and in a short time grew quite strong and tried to piece
together his story since leaving St. Pierre. This he could no^ have done
but for the kindly assistance of the asylum doctor, who took a great interest
in John, and traced his coming from Brazil to the West Indies. When
John was well enough to be discharged the good doctor got him a position
with one of the planters, who placed him in charge of a boat which traded
between the plantation and the town. During the time of convalesence
John was eager to get home, and often wondered how his absence had been
accounted for, the great obstacle to his leaving for Newfoundland was his
want of means. John worked steadily for seven months, and every cent he
earned he carefully husbanded, at last he heard of a chance to get to Halifax
and speedily availed of it, working his way thither in a Canadian schooner,
and from thence to Burgeo, where he arrived in time to catch the fortnightly
packet which sailed down the coast.

The home coming of John was the cause of much rejoicing, and yet it
was tinged with sadness when the treachery of Edward Poole was disclosed,
and the friends of those men who were lost, were bitter in their denuncia-
tions of him, so much so that he left the country as soon as he heard of
John's return. John and Ruth lived to enjoy a happy life ; he often declared
that Ruth was Hope by name and hope by nature, otherwise she would not
have waited for him, and she affirmed that there was no man so much worth
waiting for as her John.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Supreme Court of Newfoundland

List of Deputy Sheriffs.

SOUTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES,

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

Ferry land

Mobile

Fermeuse
St. Mary's . . .
Salmonier. . . .

Placentia

Presque

Oderin

Flat Island. . .

Burin

St. Lawrence.

Lawn

l.amaline
Grand Bank. .

Ferry land

Placentia and St. Mary's,

Burin.

George Geary.
John T. Fitzgerald.
William Trainer.
M. Mahoney.
Francis R. Curt'is.
A. Collins.
Thomas Sullivan.
Peter Manning.
Howard Parsons.
Stephen White.
Cyrus Beck, sr.
Joseph Murphy.
William G. Pittman.
Eli Harris.

Burgeo and I.a Poile .

St. Jacques Fortune Bay

Belleoram | "

Pushthrough

Harbor Breton ....

Burgeo

Ramea

Rose Blanche ....

Channel

Codroy St

Grand River

Robinson's Head

St. George — Sandy Pt. .

Wood's Island

Bay of Islands

Bonne Bay

St. Baibe

William Grandy.

Joseph Camp.

Benjamin Chapman.

Albeit Kelland.

Matthew Nash.

Prosper A. Garcien.

James H. Wilcox.
eorge Henry Gallop.

Thomas B. Doyle.

Abraham Tilley.
|M. E. Messervey.
iSimeon lennex.

Daniel J. Gilker.

Geo. Halfyard.

NORTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

RESIDENCE. DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

St. B
Twil

James Johnson.

Noah Verge.
Isaac Manuel
Richard Spence.
Noah Miller.
Kdmond Benson,
k. Currie.
Caleb Tuck.
George Janes.
George Leawood.

Tilt Cove

Constable T. Walsh.
Thos E Wells

Little Hay Islands

Peter Campbell.
Thomas Roberts.
William Lanning.
Peter Moores.
J. T. liendle.
George S. Lilly.
Alfred G. Young.
William Baird.

.. . .

Foster's Point !

Botwoodville

Eliel Noseworthy.
George Bussey.
Charles Rendell.
A. Targett.
Moses Bursey.
Reuben Curtis.
Eli Garland.
Kwen Kennedy.
Ernest Forward.
John Trapnell.
Jesie Gosse.
A. Hieilihy.
Benjamin Butler.
William Cole.
James Murphy.
William Maher.
William Butler.
John H. Ley.
John H. Bennett.
Edward Harding.

Fogo

Ambrose Fitzgerald.
George Foster.
Philip Perry.
John Porter.
Robert Pike.
Adam Bradley.
Jacob Hefferton.
Wm. Sainsbury.
Peter Roberts.

Old Perlican Ba

y-de-Verde

liarr'd Island

Lower Island Cove. . . . i

Carbonear Carbonear
Harbor Grace Harbor Grace

I'inchard's Island
Wesleyville

Bonavista ,...„.!

- J

(

Conception Harbor . . . Harbo Main
Harbor Main j

Thomas Wornell.
Charles Kean.

Middle Bight '

Albert L. Howe.
John Burden.

Bell Isl'd— Lance Cove tSt
Bell Iskmd^Beach ,

Jol n's East

Thomias Curtis.

November, 1904.

JAMES CARTER,
W. J. CARROLL.

Sheriff, Newfoundland.
Sub-Sheriff, "

OFFICE AND STORE — Adelaide Street. STONEYA-RD — Just East Custom
House; Water Street. Telephone, 364.

W. J, ELLIS,

«=— Contractor and Build e.

Dealer in Cement, Selenite, Plaster, Sand, Mortar, Brick, Drain Pipes,
Bends, Junctions and Traps; Chimney Tops, all sizes, and Plate Glass.

Estimates Given for all kinds of Work at Shortest Notice.

Parlor, Dining and
Office Furniture.

Venetian Blinds
Made to Order.

Church Seats.

T. MARTIN,^

Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer,

38 New Cower Street.

Repairing Furniture Horses and Vans for

a Speciality. Removing Pianos, &c.

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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

lilt

ROYAL STORES

LTD.,

137, J39, 141, 143, & 145 WATER STREET,

CARRY A LARGE STOCK OF

DRY GOODS,
HARDWARE, *

GROCERIES,

CROCKERYWARE,
.* FURNITURE,

Sewing Machines.

Manufacturers of Readymade Clothing for Men and Boys.

DRESS MAKING AND MILLINERY.
Repair Shop for Sewing Machines, Guns, &c.

Special attention paid to the packing and prompt shipment of Outpori Orders.

Job Brothers & Co.,

f ^ St. John's, IN. F* •-*

Importers Of Provisions, including Flour, Molasses, Pork, Beef, Ships' Materials, and all things
necessary for prosecution of the Fisheries. We are in a position to supply all Goods at Lowest

f Cash Prices.

Highest Prices Given for all products of the Fisheries, including Codfish, Cod Oil, Refined
Cod-liver Oil, Pickled Salmon, and Herring, and Lobsters. Exporters ef all Newfoundland Products.

-MTire & Marine Insurance.^

Lowest Rates quoted for all forms of Insurance.

AGENTS FOR- Royal Insurance Co, (Fire).

Union Marine Insurance Co., Ltd., and
Maritime Insurance Co., Ltd. (Marine).

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY .

EXAMINERS MASTERS AND MATES.

j» OFFICE : LIGHT HOUSE BUILDING. j»
Examiner-in-ehief— CAPT. E. ENGLISH. : Assistant Examiner— CAPT. J. R. MOSS.

Examination of Masters and Mates.

Examinations will begin on Wednesday of each week, providing that the
candidate produces the requisite certificates of character and time, and
passes the color test.

Application must be made to the Examiner on Form Exn. 2, and all
previous certificates and testimonials deposited at least two days previous
to the examination. Testimonials of character and sobriety must be pro-
duced for twelve months immi diately preceding the application.

All services must be verified by a certificate of discharge.

An Only Mate must be not less than nineteen years of age, and must have
served five years at sea.

A First Mate must be not less than nineteen years of age, and must have
served five years at sea, of which one year must have been as Second or
Only Mate. [From ist Januaiy 1896. the Officer's Service must have been
performed with the requisite certificate.]

A Master must be not less ti.an twenty-one years of age, and he must
have served six years at sta, of which one year must have been in the
capacity not lower than Only Mate of a foreign-going vessel whilst holding
a certificate not Mower than an Only Mate's certificate for foreign-going
vessels, and, unless this service as officer was performed whilst holding a
First Mate's certificate for foreign-going vessels, he will also be required to
prove the officer's service prescribed for that grade.

Certificates applying only to steamships are issued to candidates who are
either unable to comply with the regulation which requires them to have
passed one year in square-rigged sailing vessels, or who prove in course of
examination that they aie ignoiant of the management of square-rigged
sailing vessels. All the qualifying officer's service prescribed for these
Certificates must have been performed in steamships.

These Certificates will entitle the holders to go to sea as Masters or
Mates of foreign-going steamships, but will not entitle them to go to sea as
Masters or Mates of foreign-going sailing ships.

Fees.

For a Certificate as Mate $5 .00

For a Certificate as Master „ 10.00

For a Certificate for Colors .20

These fees admit of two examinations. After the second examination
another fee will be required.

The examination commences punctually at 10 a.m , and closes at 4 p.m.,
when all papers will be called up, and if not completed the candidate will
be declared to have failed.

In all cases of failure the candidate will be examined de ncvo.

If failed in Seamanship, he will not be examined for six months.

If failed three times in Navigation, he will not be re-examined for three
months.

For further information as to time, place, and objects of examination,
applicants should apply to the Examiner-in-Chief.

Rules.

No books, papers or memoranda are allowed in the Examination room.

In the event of any candidate being discovered copying from another,
or referring to any book or memoranda, he will not be examined for six
months.

Navigation is taught at Carbonear, Harbor Grace, Bay Roberts and
Saint John's.

The Public are reminded that the

Game Laws of Newfoundland,

Provide that:

No person shall pursue with intent to kill any Caribou from

the ist day of February to the 3151 day of July, or from the ist day of

October to the 2Oth October in any year. And no person shall

kill or take more than two Stag and one Doe Caribou in any one year.

No person is allowed to hunt or kill Caribou within five miles of either
side of the railway track from Grand Lake to Goose Brook, these limits
being defined by gazetted Proclamation.

No non-resident may hunt or kill Deer without previously having pur-
chased and procured a License therefor. All guides must be licensed-
Issued free to residents ; to non-residents costing fifty dollars.

No person may kill, or pursue with intent to kill any Caribou with dogs,

or with hatchet or any weapon other than fire-arms, or while

crossing any pond, stream or water-course.

Tinning or canning of Caribou meat is absolutely prohibited.

No person may purchase, or receive any flesh of Caribou between
January ist and July 3131, in any year.

Penalties for violation of these laws, a fine not exceeding two hundred
dollars, or in default imprisonment not exceeding two months.

Any person who shall hunt Beaver, or export Beaver skins till October ist,
1907, shall be liable to cofiscation of skins, and fine or imprisonment. M

And no person shall hunt Foxes from March I5th to October icth in
any year, under the same penalties.

HON. ELI DAWE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Department of Marine and Fishtiies,
November, 11)04.

NEWFOUNDLAND PENITENTIARY.

BROOM DEPARTMENT.

Brooms, «* Hearth Brushes, * Whisks.

A Large Stock of BROOMS, HEARTH BRUSHES and
WHISKS always on hand ; and having reliable Agents
in Chicago and other principal centres for tlje purchase of
Corn and other material, \ye are in a position to supply the
Trade with exactly the article required, and we le<jl as-
sured our Styles and Quality surpass any that can be
imported. Give us a trial order, and if careful attention
and right goods at right prices will suit, we are confident
of being favoured with a share of your patronage.

orders addressed to the undersigned will receive prompt
attention.

ALEX. A. PARSONS, Superintendent.
Newfoundland Penitentiary, November, 1904..

A CARD.

J6MAS (L BARTER,

Architect ** and * Builder.

263 GOWEZR STREET.

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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

l»emorks—6raoe and Gap.

By Rev. Canon Pilot,

/^UGG*:STIONS have been frequently made to me by a
(S number of my friends that I should put into shape remi-
niscences of my official life and work, extending now over
A^a period of thirty years. To these suggestions I have
^" hitherto turned a deaf ear, until now the editor of this
QUARTERLY has asked me for a contribution for its Christmas
Number, and I have yielded, but with grave doubts as to whe-
ther 1 have acted wisely in doing so. In these memoirs 1 have
no pet fad to exploit, no special topic to discuss, nor any parti-
cular scholastic ideas to enunciate. These find their proper
place in those most charming of all literature — the ': Reports of
Inspectors of Schools." My aim is to give a plain homely story
of some of the things I have observed, approved, blamed or
laughed at, in one or two departments of my official life, and
this department shall be " My Schools and my Teachers."
In doing this 1 may have occasion to refer to many old friends
(alas! few only now living), but I shall endeavour to avoid
such references as may give offence. Without further preface
or apology I plunge in ti/etlias res.

In the early seventies travelling round the Coast of New-
foundland was no easy undertaking compared with the multi-
plied facilities of doing so to-day. Then there was no railroad,
and steam communication was infrequent and less certain.
Nearly a!4 my inspection and visitation had to be done in bully-
boats, jacks and whale-boats, and in the doing of it, I was, to
use an incongruous metaphor, always in the saddle. 1 was a
regular vagabond, months on end away from home. In their
charity some of my then friends declared I was " like a roaring
lion ;" but I must ask my present friends to believe that the
analogy, between a nameless other personage who did the like
and myself, ends there. One of the longest trips 1 ever made
continuously extended from Cape Kay to Cape St. Francis,
taking in the sinuosities of the Bays of Hermitage, Fortune and
Placentia, crossing from LaManche to Rantem, and travelling
on foot round the south side of the Bay of Trinity to Bay-de-
Verde, where I took the s. s. Leopard for St. John's. I reached
home feeling literally like a returned empty. Of that one solitary
trip I saw enough, and heard enough, to fill a three-volume
novel which has yet to be written. Even now it is replete with
the most pleasant recollections. I was, and am an ardent fish-
erman. My rod was my constant companion, and between the
limits above given there is scarcely a tarn or a brook over which
I have_not cast my line. Of the hospitality 1 received from the
fishermen I have the most grateful memories, albeit in some
cases it was of a most " lively" character. But itwas given with-
out stint, or expectation of a return. The best their larders
provided was always placed before me, and my visit ended, I
was afterwards forwarded on my way with the same amiable
disposition.

Some one has called hospitality a savage virtue. Be it so: —
then some savage things are very lovely, estimable and of good
report, furnish memories that will stand the wear and tear of
many a long year, and amid a desert of, it may be polished but
meaningless conventionalities, retain a freshness, unfading and
unchangeable like all things good and genuine. One instance
occurs to me. I was anxiously awaiting at Burgeo the arrival
of the Royal Mail Packet that ran between that port and HarbrJr
Breton. She arrived on a Saturday. Now the worthy Parson

D.D., D.C.L., I.S.O.

of the town had counted on my help for his Sunday Services.
I was not unwilling to stay, but could not see how this was to
be done. The Parson held consultation with the Skipper of the
Packet, and that estimable person with a wary eye cast heaven-
ward ordered the crew to take down sail, as, to use his own
language, " we's in for a blow." It was a glorious day, and so
was the Sunday, but on the Monday when we started it was
foggy and logy, and we were just one week going about seventy
miles. In those days there were no schedules or schedule time
to keep. It was like silver in the reign of an Israelitish King,
it was nothing accounted of in those days. On parting with the
Skipper, I offered payment for my week's entertainment and
passage, but he refused it with a " Begar sir, we never charges
the Parson nothing." Pressing his hand gratefully, J said, if
ever he came to St. John's, I hoped he would call on me. In
the following January he did call, and bemoaning the loss of his
Royal Mail Packet in the late November gale sought my help
to ;*et for him from the Government, a Roval Mail Steamer. I

0 -

remember also a Captain of a Coastal Steamer delaying a whole
day in port for me while I did my work, and who felt amply
repaid for the retention by a present of fresh lobsters that I had
speared after that work was done. 1 'low this can't be done
now-a-days,

1 cannot omit to mention one more instance of seemingly the
opposite to the above courtesies. I had gone on shore \\ith
hitherto a most obliging mailman, with urgent request that he
would not leave without me. There were at least a hundred
and fifty passengers on board, and the worthy Captain svas eager
to push along. 1 was not in time for the mail man, and begged
a bystander to put me off in his punt. The Captain eyed my
frantic gestures, and awaiting my arrival at the gangway, ad-
dressed me after the following fashion : '• NYho are you, sir. to
keep my boat waiting like this ? I don't care for parson, priest
or preacher — the poorest passenger aboard my boat pays his
passage as well as ye." Meantime 1 had mounted the steps,
and through the crowd of exultant passengers, made my way to
the stern where I consoled my offended dignity with a draw of
the fragrant weed. I had not long been there before the genial
Captain came aft ; and in half audible whisper, said " Parson
Pilot, sir, you mustn't mind me. It's a farm I goes thro'. I
does it to everybody." This atoned for all I had suffered, but
ever after when I went ashore with the mail man, I took care to
carry the bay; myself, and did not mind the " Farm." But I am
wandering; — where was I? This paper was to be about my
Teachers. So I must begin.

But a word about schools first — the fabrics, that is. In the
early days, while some of these schools were fairly satisfactory
in respect of building and equipments, a large majority of them
was of the most primitive description, and in a most sorry con-
dition. They were architecturally of the early Newfoundland
style — an oblong structure, with low roof, without ventilation, ap-
paratus, desks, maps, or blackboards ; — furnished(?) with broken
or fragmentary forms, and at certain times of the year crowded to
suffocation with pupils of all ages from the babe to the hobble-
dehoy. Not infrequently a sail loft, or the upper story of a fish
store was dubbed with the exalted name of a school. I recall
to mind a feeble old man, with one foot in the grave, who re-
duced the much too limited number of cubic feet of air in his
school-room still further with all the paraphernalia of a fisher-
man's craft, hooks and lines, sails and twines, bultows.and bar-
rows, and nets, which emitted an effluvium such as I never felt
before or since, the effect of which was moderated to some ex-
tent by the scent of a small quantity of new mown hay, stowed
away on boards above the rafters. He kept his goats in the

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

school by night. His emoluments were small, small his children,
and educational results nil. What was I to do but recommend
his retirement. The Board pleaded theirs and their Teacher's
poverty : there was no pension fund to come to the relief. But
the old gentleman was retired, in a way not unheard of before,
by an allocation (our outport people love the word) from the
Road Grant, which the feeling member for the District, in play-
ful irony, recommended should be " spent by Mr. — on the way
to the churchyard." It was not long before he made his final
journey to this quiet resting place. He had in his day been a suc-
cessful fish-hawk and sealing skipper. Sic transit gloria .' An-
other school— and this a pattern of many— was lumbered up
with articles and tools of a carpenter's trade, in anticipation of
the modern Manual Training School no doubt, though then the
only pupil to ply the plane was the industrious dominie. I
could multiply instances of similar conditions. Happily all such
schools have been improved out of existence, and have been
superceded by others having some pretensions to architecture,
hygiene, and modern educational requirements. During my
thirty years in office, I have seen rebuilt ever)- Church of ling-
land School in the Colony with the exception of the one at St.
Philip's, eloquent in its hoary loneliness of the good old umes,
but now giving place to one of modern type and proportions.

Now to My Teachers. In the early days my Teachers as a
class were greatly lacking in their knowledge of the ordinary
branches of a fair English education, and still more particularly
for want of training, in that knowledge which would tit them for
the right conduct and management of our common schools. I
recall to mind instances of where a whole generation had been
indicted with a permanent injury by the retention of an incom-
petent Teacher. The idea prevailed that the scholars were few,
and so young that it made little difference who was engaged in
teaching. Some teachers had been employed from so-called Char-
ity, when either advancing years had rendered them incapacitated
for any other employment; or when every other business failed
with them. The schoolmaster was indeed abroad : and often-
times he was the butt of those, who knowing his drawbacks and
his dollars should have been apoligists for his deficiencies. I
remember being entertained by an eminent M. 1). in a northern
outport, with a dozen others, the elite of the Town, when the
medico began jocosely to chaff me for the incompetency
of my Teachers, and cited instances. Now in the earlier
part of the day this genial friend had introduced me to a brother
Medico, Dr. F — , who, he confidentially informed me a few
minutes afterwards, could neither read nor write. It was my turn
to be playful. While admitting much that he had said about my
Teachers. I retorted that as yet I had not come across a single
one so competent as his friend Dr. F. — and insinuated that
I was credibly informed that all my Teachers who failed to
pass examination for the lowest grade, were going to turn
Doctors: and instanced one, who, the year before was retired
because he could not make up averages, and was now a Doctor
making ,£300 a year. He was dear as a Teacher with the pro-
verbial £40.

In a nearer outport a pompous Stipendiary Magistrate, fond
of airing his scholarship had preserved a whole file of letters
received from Teachers in and around his district. Producing
these he feebly suggested the incompetence of the writeis, from
some grotesque spellings contained in their communications. I
had to remind him that the schoolmaster was abroad even in his
own office, and pointed to the label on the file which read
" Curiosities of Litrature." He defended the spelling of the final
word, until a reference to his Webster Unabridged dispelled his
illusion. I asked who taught him to spell.

In a nearer outport still an estimable man was dismissed from
his school because his wife opened a store, destined it was
said to become a rival with that of a member .of the Board — the
magnus mercator of the Town. The chairman could not bring
himself to send the Dominie his conge in his own handwriting,
so sent the MS. of the resolution as it passed the Board. That
resolution was the source of worry and correspondence to
me for over two years. It had been copied Verbatim, and sent
to the Governor, Premier, and Colonial Secretary. Each of these
functionaries forwarded it to me with a request for a reply. In
the resolution there were two grammatical blunders, and more

than two errors in spelling, and the worthy schoolmaster, who
possessed a certificate of Grade Three, asked His Excellency if
the writer of such a resolution was competent to judge of his
qualifications as a Teacher, requested protection against ignor-
ance, and suggested His Excellency should insist upon a quali-
fying Examination of all members of Boards of Education be-
fore gazetting them to so exalted a position.

Indeed some of my Teachers were queer fish. One of these
old worthies always wore during school hours an old-fashioned
beaver hat, "to inspire fear, and to command respect" he inform-
ed me. School over, the beaver was exchanged for a billy-cock.
I never heard that the children trifled with the beaver, even
when they were left in school alone.

On one occasion I made a surprise visit to a school taught by
a septuagenarian. Gently lifting the latch I looked in, and there
1 saw this worthy measuring the upper end of his room with
equal paces, capped, pipe in his mouth, and flourishing a supple
wand over the head of some imaginary urchin : — the children all
the while playing with marbles on the floor. At sight of me
their play ceased, and there was complete silence. The domi'
nie's reverie and smoke were ended. He came rushing towards
the children with up-lifted wand and caught my eye. Closing
the door quickly I hurried away to be shortly interviewed by a
friend commissioned to •• take the sting out ot it." This Teacher
was pensioned. Another Patriarch dragging out a feeble exist-
ence, whose school was not up to the mark in even the beggarly
elements, was alarmed at my plain talk with him about his school.
He had never seen an examination before, and I question if he
had ever heard of the bogie. 1 do not wish to charge him with
attempted bribery and corruption, but on parting he began
stealthily to thrust some money into my hand, with " You'll
want this before you get home."

An elderly female Teacher once wrote to me " to get her
sallary rose a few Ibs." Needless to say this is no part of my
duty, that pleasure or prerogative attaches to the august gentle-
men who compose the Boards of Education. I examined the
school of this worthy lady and described it as "ungraded,"
which so grievously offended the poor soul, that she incontin-
ently resigned. She had gone upon the principle that " it's little
they pays me, and its little I teaches 'em."

One veteran who entered the wedded life for a third time was
absent from his school on the day of its examination. To ac-
count for this dereliction of duty he entered in the School Log
Book : " Teacher absent, undergoing i matrimonial operation."
One of my colleagues, now deceased, told me that on entering
a school for examination, on a sweltering hot day, he found the
Teacher with his coat and collar off, shiit-sleeves tucked up, a
red handkerchief tied round his head, and the children each
gabbling away his own lesson. The Inspector asked him for
his first class. The Dominie replied he had no classes, that he
taught the children one by one. '-But," continued the Inspec-
tor, " you should have them in classes, it would lesson your
labour." " 1) — it," exclaimed the irate pedagogue, " how can
I class 'em when they have no books." This Teacher was sub-
sequently pensioned.

I could go on multiplying instances of the idiosyncrasies of
my Teachers, but space forbids. Of the one hundred and forty-
four I had to do with thirty years ago, one hundred and forty
have passed on to the unreturnable bourne. Pax vobiscnm !

It was in 1876—7 I recommended a compulsory examination
of all Teachers, the Legislature accepted the recommendation,
and thus came to an end all family organizations which in a
great measure had ruled schools and school-masters in the good
old times.

The Examinations began, and I could fill another such paper
as this with ''howlers", and amusing incidents which took p'ace
in tl.eir progress. Many of these old teachers were aged, and
hopelessly improvable, yet there was not a few on whom kindly
encouragement had a quickening effect, and who with the pos-
sibility of a certificate, and thereby continuance in office, set to
work pluckily and gained the Coveted Parchment and the scanty
emolument ranging from six to twenty dollars, which it bro ight
with it. I need scarcely add that they were most grateful. I
never more fully recognized that kind words cost little and are
worth much to all my teachers.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

fl Six l»omi)$' Cour.

Extract from Letters of a Jour to Egypt, The Nile, Palestine, Turkey, Greece, and Europe, 1904. — (Continued.) — By James Carter.

THE Mosque of Mahommed AH in Egypt is covered by a
vast dome, richly frescoed in colors. The courtyard is
surrounded by > colonnades and gigantic arches. We
visited also several mosque tombs of the Khedives who reigned
from 1382 to 1517. Some of these tombs must have cost
considerable sums of money. We had a magnificient view from
the Citadel of the city, old and new, the desert and the pyramids
twelve miles away. I saw them and for the first time ; at the
sight of them you begin to realize the old and historic lore of
this very ancient land, the cradle of all civilization and culture,
in war, art and science and all that makes- up the grand and
beautiful, not only in the science of living, but also of dying ;
they bring before us the mighty deeds of the past. We were*
shown the Citadel from where the Mamelukes were assassinated
by Mohammed AH. They were treacherously invited to an enter-
tainment and as soon as they were inside, the gates were closed
and the soldiers opened fire upon them ; 470 of their followers
were murdered, and it is said that only one escaped. Afterwards
we visited their tombs. On returning from the Citadel we met
the funeral of a Pasha; in front came a lot of horses and
camels with baskets, from which the attendants were distributing
gifts to the poor, after which a large body of police (I suppose
he must have been a judge or a magistrate), then a body of Der-
vishes and a lot of Oriental servants, and others — the friends of
the deceased, some of them in flowing robes and Oriental cos-
tumes, then all the wives in carriages. When it passed our
carriage, one of the wives, I expect as she was young — the
latest, tore the veil from her face and commenced fo wail.
Poor girl, I expect she was wailing for joy and (lie opportunity
perhaps of getting another husband to her taste. The body was
in a common deal coffin, perfectly plain, with some writing on
the side, which is taken from the box and placed in the grave
with the body wrapped in a sheet. The body was also followed by
water carriers. I did not hear what rank the deceased represented.
After lunch, we went to one of the Mosques to hear the howl-
ing Dervishes. Friday is their Sunday. They celebrate with
drums and instruments of music. They commence by chanting
the psalms of the Koran and then making a peculiar noise with
their breath, drawing in a'nd out. making a queer and weird sound,
bowing their heads to the music, after which they get excited, but
we did not remain as their prayers would not appeal to anything
less than an Egyptian God. At times they get beyond control of
themselves and the police have to put a stop to it. We then
drove to old Cairo through the "Arab quarters" and visited the
Mosque of Ami Said. It contains 366 lar<ie marble pillars and
occupies a large extent of ground.. It also contains a tomb of
the Sire of Ami. The Mosque Hassan is very large and exten-
sive, it is said that when the structure was finished, the archi-
tect's hands were cut off, to prevent him from executing a similar
work. In the court yard are two fountains of water, one used
by the Egyptians and the other by the Turks. On the Eastern
side can be seen a few of the halls which were fired at the Mosque
by the army of Napoleon. We then crossed the river Nile in
a ferry to see the building where the waters are measured, so that
it can be seen how much it rises and falls. We then visited the
place pointed out where Moses was found by the Egyptian maid-
en, one of Pharaoh's daughters, but as I could not see any rushes,
I was sceptical, but the guide said that the river had changed its
course. I replied that if so, how can they vouch for any author-
ity as to its truth ? He said that faith was the principle ingred-
ient in all religions (perhaps he is right). We then went to the
old Coptic church which was founded in the fourth century and
said to have been restored in the eighth. It contains some inter-
esting pictures and a very ancient bronze candalr.brum in the
shape of two winged dragons, with seventeen sockets for lights.
On the roof is a small bell in a cupola. The entrance to the
grounds is through a very ancient gate in the wall, opened and
locked by a peculiar wooden key. This style of lock is very
ancient and is still used at Damascus. It leads into a small
narrow street that formerly was full of small shops the ruins of

which are still plainly to be seen.

In the evening we visited the Arabian quarters; the streets
were full of Arabs, etc. There are miles of those narrow streets
and the turns are very tortuous so that it would be easy for one to
lose his way. There are numbers of coffee houses in which the
entertainment consists of Arab girls dancing writhing figures,
etc., in costumes, throwing their bodies into wonderful contor-
tions. All these are crowded with Arabs and Egyptians ; they
appear to be very peaceable and orderly and do not insult
strangers in any way, although in the midst of thousands. You
can pass along without any protection even late at night. We
crossed the Nile, going over a very long bridge ; there were
hundreds of boats on the side of the river. The bridge was built
by the French ; it has two immense marble lions on either end, a
beautiful road on each side of the rive lined by immense trees
which form a shady avenue. The road was crowded with private
carriages, very handsome turn-outs, full of ladies going to the
race course. We drove round the island from one side of the
river to the other. There were a number of beautiful residential
buildings, some situated in magnificent grounds and a great
many new ones in course of completion. We passed a very
large hotel which is also new, called " Ghizeh Castle," and I
believe owned by the proprietors of •• Sheppard's" Hotel. We
also passed a large barracks belonging to the British and capable
of accommodating six thousand men. The Post Office. Govern-
ment House and Court House are very tine and beautiful build-
ings, and there is a score of others for different purposes. It is a
remarkable fact, here in Cairo that you can leave the town of
handsome buildings and go to the old portion which has been in
existence for four thousand years.

Saturday, March ^th, 1904. — A beautiful day. not too warm.
This clay we have appointed to visit the Pyramids, and accord-
ingly, with a guide and carriage, we left at 9 a.m. The distance
is about twelve miles, a level road, no sign of a hill, the trees on
both sides arching over making a lovely shade from the sun.
The size of the big Pyramid — " Cheops" — seemed to grow as you
approached nearer, and the view of the country was exquisite.
Electric cars run all the distance. At the foot of the Pyramid
were a big crowd of Arabs, guides and sheikh, all waiting to be
employed and overwhelming you with their attentions. We ac-
cordingly made arrangements with the sheikh and took two
guides each. We went inside first before climbing to the top.
The opening from the outside is about forty-five feet from the
ground, the descent is terribly steep and slippery. There are
small steps in the rock in which you have to place your feet,
if you missed you would go headlong to the bottom, but two
Arabs hold your hand before and behind. The passage is very
dark and you have only the light of a candle to see where to
place your feet. In some places you have to crawl through
tunnels which are about three feet in height then you have to
take a turn in the dark and ascend for some distance. The place
is as dark as pitch and not a breath of air, with the perspiration
running like a river from every part of your body ; you will then
find yourself in a passage which leads to the Queen's chamber ;
a light is then procured from a kind of torch. The rocfing
is a beautiful piece of workmanship. Then you take a passage
that leads to another chamber, which is the King's. The roofing
is of flat stone, and the floor is 140 feet square. Inside
lies the empty, broken, coverless red granite sarcophagus of
" Cheops " who was most oppressive and cruel and plunged into
every kind of wickedness. The stones were brought from the
quarries in the Arabian Mountains, down to the Nile, transferred
in vessels across the river, thence dragged to the Lybian Moun-
tains. They worked to the number of 100,000 men for three
months every year. The people were harrassed by toil
for ten years, and it took that time to construct the road
on which they drew the stones, and in forming the sub-ter-
raneous apartments on the hill, on which the Pyramid stands
and which " Cheops" made as a burial vault for himself — on
an island formed by a canal from the Nile. Twenty years

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

were spent in erecting the Pyramid. It is composed of polished
stones and jointed with the greatest exactness ; none of the
stones are less than thirty feet. The Pyramid is built in the form
of steps. When they had first built it in this manner, they raised
the remaining stones by machines made of short pieces of wood.
Having lifted them from the ground to the first range of steps
and then removed by another machine that stood ready on the
first range, thence to the second, with the machines were
portable, and to each range in succession, when they wished
to raised the stones higher. The highest parts, therefore, were
part finished and afterwards completed. On again getting out-
side it was like a new existence to be able to breath the fresh
air. You are literally dragged to death by the dragoman, one
holding your hand and another at your back to prevent slipping.
The strain on the muscles is something fearful and you feel as if
you had been on the rack or taken out of some infernal machine
of torture. It had to be done; it was for this purpose one came
to enjoy this lively experience. You had now to face the top;
what in heaven will you do ? Will you risk another bad quarter
of an hour? Yes, you must. Your courage, your honoris at
stake. You say yes again. They come and seize you, your
cries avail nothing; they are bound to get backsheesh and get
it they will. So on you go, raising your legs four feet every s'ep,
for the pyramid is four hundred and eighty feet in height. One
holds your hand on either side and another behind to push \ou
up. Vou are afraid to look up and you dare not look b.ick ;
they say that out of hell there is no redemption ; of that
1 cannot say, but I do say that once the Arabs have got hold of
you there is no redemption, for if they do not bring your body
they will carry your limbs to the top, come what will. So in such
case you have to go on, and at last you take courage and look
above and see the sun and what is a great deal better, for you,
the top of the pyramid. You then take fresh courage and mount
again, until your haven, or at least I should say heaven is reached;
you sit down on the top and collapse with the perspiration coming
from every pore of your body and thank God that you are an
entity and have not lost your legs and arms in toto. After a little
while you begin to live again and what would you not give for
a "whisky cock-tail" stimulant? — why, yes, thousands; yes,
millions of Pyramids, but alas ! alack, you have to get down
again before you can get one.

The top is about thirty feet square, the view of Cairo and the
the surrounding country is grand and an ocean of sand beyond
so far as the eye can reach. Coining down, is like the second
squeeze of the rack, which is done by jumps, that is if you are
able to jump ; 1 did it by sliding, to the damage of my
anatomy. However one can always go down the hill better than
going up, providing that you do not go too quickly which in this
case there was no fear as I was not able to "haul the proverbial
herring off the fire," so was dragged down. " nolens volens"
and landed once again on terra firma. You have every reason
to be grateful to Divine Providence, but feel that it would be
trusting it too far ever again to climb it inside or outside.

From the Pyramid we mounted a camel, and after having our
likeness taken went to the Sphinx, of which I will try and give
you a brief description. Just as you see it in many pictures, so
it appears to i(s lying on the sand in full majesty of its great
proportions. The head is perfect, minus the nose. The Sphinx
is hewn out of the living rock, but pieces of stone have been
added where necessary. The body is about 150 feet long, the
paws are 50 feet and from the top of the head to the base of
the figure is 70 feet. The condition in which the monument now
appears is due to the savage destruction by the Mohammedan
rulers of Egypt. We then went to the Temple of the Sphinx
which is a little to the south-east. In one chamber and at the
end of the passage leading from it, are niches which were pro-
bably intended for to hold mummies. At a short distance from
the Pyramid, has been erected recently a very extensive
hotel (Moorish architecture) where we had our lunch. The place
was crowded with guests. Some go to stay, in consequence of
the lovely dry atmosphere. At the outside of the hotel the
temperature was 70 degrees. Such lovely weather you can hardly
realize. On returnig to Cairo, we went to the Museum. We
saw all the monuments from Upper Egypt, too numerous to
mention. And saw a legion of mummies, some inside ; others out

of the coffins. Cheops was there, taken out of the Pyramid.
You could see the face very plainly ; also Rameses the second,
who persecuted the children of Israel in the time of Moses, and a
lot of Queens and a number of Kings, who lived 3,000 and 4,000
years before the Birth of Christ. You could see many of the
features quite plainly, as they were uncovered and out of the
coffin. I am leaving on Tuesday in the steamer Rameses
for the Nile and will be on that cruise three weeks, so that will
be for you .a rest, from trying to make out my long letters.
I shall have much to tell bye and bye which I cannot put in
writing giving an account of my experiences in each place
visited. I have so far as possible seen everything that is to be
seen and must of necessity have a lot to say. I often -wish that
you were with me to enjoy many a good laugh. That I am
having a good time, goes without saying. I have met with many
nice people and am especially fortunate with my present com-
panions in travel. I have been told that the trip up the Nile is
very attractive and with good company, must be most enjoyable.

( Continued.)

S. S. " Portia."

'PLSEWHERE we reproduce an excellent photo of the new Coastal
•*•"* Steamer Portia. Her lines are beautiful and graceful, and she has
proved herself an excellent sea boat. The late accident has turned out, as
fur as the ship, her captain and owners are concerned, a kind of blessing in
disguise. While everyone regrets the untoward accident that brought her
in contact with the uncharted shoa), it has had the effect of intensifying, as
il were, the confidence placed by the public in her owners, captain and
crew. The accident proved, beyond doubt, that the ship was well furnished
with life saving boats and gear, and that even though a hole was stove in
hc-i bottom, she is so well constructed that she could steam in safety to any
of the numerous harbours on her route. And though for a short time after
the accident panic reigned supreme, yet her gallant captain and crew were
true to the traditions of- Newfoundland seamen, and without undue haste
or fear, safely launched the life-boats and disposed of the large number of
panic-stricken passengers. It is regrettable that the accident happened
Captain Kean, but at the same time it proved beyond cavil that he and his
first officer Joseph Kean, second officer John Field, chief engineer Wylie,
and the other officers and members of the crew, weie men to rely on in
such crisis, and notwithstanding the exaggerated fears of inexperienced
passengers, they stood to their posts like brave British seamen and ensured
the safety of the ship and passengers.

It is also creditable to Messrs. Ivowring Bros., that when the sudden call
came, there were not only life-boats and life-buoys sufficient, but also extra
blankets and coverings to keep the passengers warm in the boats during
the chilly autumn night.

The ship accommodates 60 first class and 90 second class passengers.
Her staterooms are most comfortably, even luxuriously furnished through-
out, and she is fitted with all the modern improvements of a first class
British passenger ship. She steams on an average about 10 knots, but
she made I2>£ knots on her trial trip. She has triple expansion engines,
and her dimensions are :— length, 200 feet; breadth, 30 feet; depth. 15 feet
3 inches ; gross tonnage, 978 ; net, 599 ; speed. 1 2}/2 knots. Besides being
luxurious in all her appointments, her saloon, music rooms, smoking rooms,
etc., being furnished with mahogany, upholstered with plush, she is also
comfortably heated throughout by steam. She is lit by electricity and has
a powful search-light as well as electric masthead and port and starboard
lights, and when all her lights are going as she enters a harbor after night-
fall, she presents a most b.illiant spectacle. All the berths in the ship are
fitted with life belts of the very best kind, and everything that science can
suggest or money can purchase is supplied for passengers' safety and com-
fort. Added to this the table is bountifully supplied with good wholesome
food, carefully prepared and daintily served. Is it any wonder then that
the Portia and her sister ship the Prospero have bounded into public
favour, and are likely, for years lo come, to be largely patronized by the
travelling public ?

Photo by Wm. Robertson dv Co.,]

S. S. " PORTIA."

The Northern Coastal Steamer.

\Gourock, N. B., Scotland.

From t/ie Reid-Newfoundland Co's.]

FOGO.

[Collection of Photos.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

FOR THE FESTIVE SEASON ^ XMAS PRESENTS ** IN

Hats, Caps, Shirts, Boots, Ties and Suspenders,

Call at Jackman the Tailor s.

Our Qothing Department for Winter Wear

is now complete.

We have the best selected stock in the city. Everything for Men and Boys' wear can be had at our store

JAGKMAN the Tailor, Arcade

M. W. FURLONG, A'.C. J. M. KENT, A'.C.

FURLONG & KENT,

BARRISTERS and SOLICITORS.
DUCKWORTH STREET, ST. JOHN'S.

LEGAL CARD.

F. J. MORRIS, A'.C,,

/ Kimberley Row, St. Johns, Newfoundland.
TELEPHONE, No. 266.

P. J.

Painter, Glazier, Paper Hanger
and House Decorator. •

First Class Work in our line; prompt and particulai attention given to
Outport Contracts.

Always on hand HANLEY'S celebrated brands of Snuffs.

Outport orders thankfully received.
N.Ii.--We employ a staff of expert mechanics, who execute work with neatness and despatch

Address: No. 5 King's Road.

Thomas Smyth,

Wholesale Dealer in

Provisions, Groceries, Fruit, Etc.

Head M< Bride's Hill, Duckworth Street, St. John's, Nfld.

C. NURSE.

C. AUSTIN.

NURSE & CO.,

JOHN KEAN,

ADELAIDE: STREET,

Ship and Sanitary

Plumbers,
Gasfitters, &c.

Estimates cheerfully given on all work in the above line.

All orders personally attended
to and satisfaction guaranteed.

129 Gower Street, St. John's, Newfoundland

Boot and Shoe Maker.

Hand Sewing a Specialty,
Strictest attention paid to
all work, «$ <£ *£

Oittport Orders Solicited.

If you want neat Job Printing, call at JOHN J. EVANS, 34 Prescott Street, St. John's,

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Books about nciofoundland.

By D. W. Prowse, LL.D.

IT was the fashion for a long time to decry this " Newfoundland
of Ours," to deride the idea of her importance and to despise
her attractions. As the French say we have changed all
that. The local historian who claimed that the story of New-
foundland was not only interesting, but of national importance,
might be sneered at and looked upon as an enthusiastic dream-
er. When, however, all the leading journals of the world sup-
ported the Newfoundland writers opinions; when to-day we find
the most celebrated sportsmen, writers, and artists like Selous,
Millais, Prichard, and Admiral Kennedy, &c., proclaiming the
attractions of Newfoundland, the scoffers have to be silent. The
opinion of these world renowned authorities cannot be gainsaid.
The old proverb about giving a dog a bad name, is most applic-
able to this Colony. Some harm has been done to us by exag-
geration, and by detraction, but we are now getting known, not
half so well known as we ought to be, and we have quite passed
the stage in which any malign old scribbler like General Dash-
wood can do us the leasl harm.

I have undertaken to say something about Books on New-
foundland, but it is a subject one can only glance at in the pages
of a magazine. For the Bibliography contained in my History
the titles of the works alone occupy nearly 20 pages of large
octavo ; yet it is still admitted to be incomplete, and to bring it
up to date would take as much more space. One of most inter-
esting features of these ancient books on Newfoundland — some
of them nearly three hundred years old — is their description of
the various seasons and of the operations of the fishery. We
can see how unchanging are the ways of nature, how undeviating
and eternal are her ways and works. Like the ocean —

" Unchangeable save to the wild waves play ;
Time writes no wrinkle on thy azure brow —
Such as creation's dawn behold, thou rollest now."

It should be a comfort to the croakers, and prophets of ill omen,
who are always predicting the decline and ruin of our fisheries,
to read these old writers, and learn how unchanged, and un-
changeable, are the migrations of the fish and the harvest of the
sea. These old chroniclers' description of the spring herring,
the opening of the codfishery, the advent of the caplin, the ar-
rival of the squid, and lastly the large herring of the Fall, all
read like a Fishery Report of to-day.

The discovery of New Worlds East and West ; the Voyage of
Columbus, and the Doubling of the Cape of Good Hope by the
Portuguese had excited the wonder and admiration of the Tudor
age. The excitement over these marvellous events had not
abated in the earlier reign of the Stuarts. 'Whilst much was
known about the new countries in Asia, Africa, and America,
there was still an unsatisfied longing and curiosity, and over-
whelming desire to know more about these marvellous New
Lands and Islands of the ocean.

Shakespeare, the great genius of that age, the most splendid
genius the world has ever produced, voiced the sentiments of
his age. All marvels and prodigies were possible for a genera-
tion that had discovered new worlds. He makes his great crea-
tion Othello speak

" Of the Anthrophagi, and the men whose heads do grow beneath their
shoulders."

The world of that day was always on the look-out for new
miraculous creations, new monsters. Orders were given to every
ship leaving England to search out rare birds, animals, plants,
and curiosities to please King James' favourite — the dissipated,
gifted and erratic Buckingham.

Two remarkable Books on Newfoundland, typical products of
this age of marvells and wonders, are — "The Newlandei's
Cure," by Sir William Vaughan, a kinsman of Richard Vaughan,
Earl of Carbery, in whose beautiful mansion — " Golden Grove,"
in South Wales — the renowned poet and Royalist, Jeremy Taylor,
found a refuge from the storms of the Civil War.

Vaughan, like Baltimore's plantation in Newfoundland, formed
part of the original given by King James I. to that shrewd
speculator John Guv, afterwards Mayor of Bristol and Member

of Parliament. Vaughan's tract of land lay south of Guy's, from
Petty Harbor to Placentia, and extending south to Cape Race.
He founded his Welsh Colony in Trepassey Bay, naming it Cam-
briol Colchos, and his own residence Golden Grove — after his
brother's ancient seat in Caermarthenshire. In John Mason's
map of the Colony all these names are set out.

The Colonists — a wretched crew of wild men from Wales,
caught by the press gang, and coralled like so many bullocks —
came out to Newfoundland in 1617. Old Whitbourne was sent
to bring them food and other requisites the next year, 1618, but
his ship was plundered by what he calls " An erring Captaine
who went forth with Sir Walter Rawleigh." The truth is that
on his return from his last voyage to Guiana — the " El Dorado"
of that day — the poor Knight and his companions were in such
sore distress, that they came north to rob and plunder the New-
foundland fishing fleet, English and foreign alike. It was then
the only part of North America where white men and victuals
could be procured.

The seas swarmed with these pirates of all nationalties; some
of them called, by the old writers, Turks. Lots of places in
Newfoundland are called after these daring free-booters —
" Turk's Gut," " Turk's Cove," &c. They were really from
Barbary in North Africa and are generally known in European
history as the Salee Rovers. Numbers of them renegade Chris-
tians, Greeks and Italians mostly, but amongst them an odd
English man and the ubiquitous Irelander.

All the patentees of the new plantations were sorely troubled
by these ocean robbers. Whitbourne gives us a doleful account
of their misdeeds.

To return to our Author, he was a mystic, a dreamer, one of
his leading ideas was to cure the awful drunkenness of that age
by the use of spruce beer— a fantastic notion just as practical
as Mrs. Sartington dipping up the Atlantic with a bucket. The
one use for spruce beer by the jovial West Country men was to
compound it with rum into that delectable drink known as •' Cala-
bogus." Spirits were not so commonly used as they are now.
More wine and beer were drunk, specially beer. The high quali-
ties of English ale has always been proverbial ; the sentiments
of the old topers are set forth in the ancient song.
" Back, and sides, go bare, go bare,

Both feet and hands go cold ;
But belly. God send thee good ale euough,
Whether it be new or old."

With all his fantastic notions Vaughan was enlightened enough to see
the importance of Newfoundland, its stratagetic position in the New World,
and its vast potential wealth. He begged the King to give the country a
firm Government and the blessings of law and justice ; but the High and
Mighty Prince James cared for none of these things. Like the Whigs and
Radicals of to-day, he was a veritable Little Englander, and he turned a
deaf royal ear to all poor Vaughan's petitions. Friends in England told the
poor exile that if he wanted to excite curiosity in his readers and sell his
works he must give them strange titles. So in his books — " The Newlander's
Cure" and •' The Golden Fleece"— are the strangest medleys about colon-
ization, law, medicine, and religion, all mixed up in the most fantastic way

Not a single name given to the country by Vaughan has survived. The
King was well called " the most learned fool in Chrisendom." He took an
interest in this queer scholar, sent him relief in his distress and two Men-of-
war to bring him and his poor Colonists home. The one sensible thing
that Vaughan did was to sell part of his grant to Lord Baltimore.

When Baltimore was a Protestant and an Oxford student he had been a
close associate of Lord Carbery and his younger brother. They were senti-
mentalists and kindred spirits. Just as one pawns off an unsound horse on
a dear friend, so Vaughan sold a large portion of his most worthless pro-
perty to his beloved old associate— Baltimore— at a very high figure. The
one and only practical thing this poor enthusiast effected in his long
painful and most unfortunate Colonial experience.

I must leave to a later issue Robert Hayman, settled at Harbor Grace,
who begged the King to re-name the country " Brittaniola " He was a
rymer and a fantastic dreamer, an early edition of Power, the Pokeham
Path Poet, who penned the tragic story of the lost Dauntless.
" She struck on Cahill's Rock, my boys,

And tore away her keel,
And down went the bould Dauntless
Belonging to Davie Steele."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

UUrckss

By Wm.

WE live in extraordinary times. We were but just becom-
ing accustomed to the triumph of mechanical genius in
overcoming the obstacles of nature, and communicating
between continents by means of the telegraph cable,
when science triumphs by using rather than overcoming
the elements. That Marconi had received a telegraphic
message at Signal Hill from Wales through the air without any
visible connection was doubted by many ; we heard but com-
prehended not.

The recently published message received from the Govern-
ment Marconi Station at Venison Island, Labrador, was a great
surprise to the public generally, who were not aware that such
stations had been established along that isolated coast. Though
the system is only in the experimental stage many messages have
been transmitted therefrom the past summer, and the result has
been so satisfactory as to ensure such development of the system
in the Colony as is now regarded by many as only a dream.

The first of the Newfoundland stations is located at Battle
Harbor, forty-two miles distance in a direct line the second office
is placed upon Venison Island, thence sixteen miles further we
come to the third office at the Seal Islands ; the next station is
at Domino, fifteen miles distant, then the current travels with-
out a break for seventy-eight miles to the most northern of the
five islands known as " Smoky. "

Young men from Conception Bay, employees of the Postal
Telegraph System, have been in charge of these stations, they
having been instructed in the use of the instruments by the
engineers who were engaged the past summer erecting the appa-
ratus at the above mentioned places.

The Canadian Government have stations at Bell Isle and
Chatteau, where connection is had with Quebec, and the mes-
sages from the Newfoundland stations are now sent in that
way. It is, we believe, the intention to connect the Labrador
stations directly with the Postal Telegraph System of the island,
probably at Flower's Cove or Bonne Bay, thus ensuring direct
communication. The Labrador and Coastal steamers will like-
ly also be equipped with the necessary instruments for trans-
mitting and receiving messages, so that Marconigrams brought
on board the mail steamers at any of the numerous ports of
call could be sent off as soon as the ship came within two hun-
dred miles of a land station.

Every steamer almost which passed " Belle Isle in the Straits"
the past summer was equipped with the Marconi wireless appa-
ratus. Their approach being heralded to the lonely watchers
on that Craggy Isle long before they came within sight, messages
fly back and forth from Isle to ship and from ship to Isle — her
name, cargo and incidents of the voyage, origin and destination,
in fact all about her is — before she is plainly in sight — an old
edition of the Operator's budget. Finally she passes by as an
old familiar friend, and the operator's " good-by" exchanged
long afterwards when Island and mast-head are but specks upon
the horizen. It is impossible to measure the benefits shipping
will derive from its use.

Our sealing fleet will undoubtedly be equipped with this very
useful invention, communication with the other vessels of the
fleet or to their watches over the ice floes would be a boon
that all will appreciate, and on shore we would know daily,
even hourly, the progress of the fleet.

To fully describe technically would be endless labor but the
discription of the method followed and the kind of instruments
used will perhaps be interesting.

The sending key is the usual Morse telegraph key with its
contacts immersed in oil. When the operator works the key the
spark gap throws out sparks in such a way as to represent dots
and dashes, under the Morse code of telegraphy. An accepted
theory states that, " The surging of electrical charges between
" the spark gap causes the current to flow up the sending mast
" in rings, and that these expand in all directions, reaching the
" distant station, travelling at the same rate as light, without
" wires and in a greatly attenuated condition."

At the receiving station the wave strikes the wire screen, er-

In Reurtoundland
and Cabrador.

Campbell.

ected for receiving purposes, the exact sound made by the
sending instrument is reproduced, and the operator, who has
a telephone connection with the wire screen, receives the dots
and dashes made by the sending instruments.

The receiving instrument consists of self-induction coils, a
condenser, a telephone receiver, a responder and local battery.
It is said to be possible to so tune the receiver's electrically,
that each will only respond to waves intended for same, and
therefore the waves intended for one station will not interfere
with those intended for another.

The long intervals for communication by mail to distant
Labrador, has greatly handicapped the lumber and mineral de-
velopment of that coast, and the benefit this speedy, means of
communication will be to such that cannot be estimated.

The toiling fishermen and sailors are very liberally attended to
just now. Many will remember when a monthly visit of a mail
steamer was the only break in the monotony of the Labrador fish-
ing voyage, then this was changed to a fortnightly service, and

GUIGLIELMO MARCONI.

shortly afterwards a physician was placed on board, later a
mission hospital ship, fitted out and equipped by Philanthro-
pists, was sent to minister to the sick and needy, then perma-
nent hospitals were established where the sick and injured
were nursed and tended by skilled physicians and now the
most modern facility for speed communication has been estab-
lished.

The possibilities for its usefulness are many, in a number of
instances the ability to communicate by a merchant with his
vessel on the Labrador coast at critical times would have saved
thousands of dollars. Vessels have had to return to St. John's
in ballast, having left to load for European markets, but not
knowing until they reached the Labrador that no fish had been
caught. With the system established, the merchant at his head
office may keep in touch with the vessels and branches of his
business at all points, and the fishermen " Floaters " may obtain
from the stations prompt and accurate information pertaining to
their calling.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

The fishermen are often driven hither and thither on that
coast, sailing many miles uselessly in quest of fish. An idle
rumor of good fishing to the North or South is sufficient to
cause him to hoist up anchor and proceed on a fruitless journey.
We have heard of men, driven to desperation by the conflicting
rumors of sickness and death of their families, coming home to
ascertain the truth, as " bad news travels fast." He need not
now be over anxious concerning his friends at home, for if any-
thing serious does occur it could speedily be made known {o him.

These are but a few of the many, benefits the telegraphic com-
munication will be to the fishing interests of that coast. A cable
service there would be an impossibility ; for, apart from the rocky
nature of the sea shore, the ice would soon chafe and destroy a
cable necessitating expensive repairs every season, as instance
the heretofore frequent interruptions of the cable between Belle
Isle and the main land, for at the present time this cable is not
working, and they depend altogether upon the wireless service.

Recently a wireless message was sent from Chicago to the
St. Louis Exhibition, and though scientists have expressed
doubt concerning the possibility of sending messages overland,
when the .current that transmits them has to pass through many
obstacles, the message referred to had to pass through skyscrap-
ers, power houses and elevated structures in the heart of the city.

That its sphere of utility is unlimited has been fully demon-
strated, messages have been exchanged between ships at sea,
from sea to land and from point to point; it is an accepted
twentieth century facility, as firm as is the telephone, telegraph
or cable, with a greater future than the three combined.

May we not then expect a larger extension of the system within our Island,
and is it too much to hope that the electrical wave between 1'ort-aux-Basque
and Sydney will be used to convey our foreign messages to the offices of
the Great Western Union system at Sydney, thus bringing us into touch
with the great cable and land services of that Company with its fifty thou-
sand offices in Canada and United States.

DEDICATED TO

Samuel rmicklcbackct, €$q,,

FROM

" Somewhere far abroad,

Where sailors gang to fish for cod."

By Sir Robert Thorburn,

On receipt of the Author's Book of Poems, in which he complains that
Dame Fortune had been hitherto somewhat unkind to him.
I hae yer bulk, ma canty frien',

An's read it wi' great pleasure,
So may yer muse be ever bricht,

Nor scrimpit in her measure !
And may Dame Fortune change her mind —

Sine fill her Bardie's pocket !
An' keep his caunle burnin' bricht

Doun to the very socket !
" A fellow feelin', wondrous kind,"

Makes us o' ane anither,
In ilka loyal Scot we find

A sympathetic blither.
But if the muse cements the links,

That tells each brither's trouble,
Ah, then! a dual cord entwines

An' makes the mandate double.
I too hae woo'd the " Fickle Jade,"

While wan'drin' o'er the heather,
Weel clad in tartan trews, I wot,

But guileless o' shoe leather !
But that's lang syne, in youthful days,

When storms o' life were hidden,
An weel it is my honour'd friend',

For come they will unbidden-
Then gird yer loins, my sturdy Bard,

An' face the stormy weather,
" The darkest hour precedes the dawn,"

The silver linings gather.
Our Father never smites in vain,

Nor lifts the rod in anger,
He pilots ilka ane through life,

An' maist while shadows gather !
For some maun dree the loss o' life,

An' some maun lose their treasure,
But spar'd ane's health, an' friendship's ties,

There's still a blessed measure.
Wi' food eneuch, an' claes to boot,

Then let us be contented ;
O' life we are but tenants here,

So be our time weel tented ! — (Amen !)
St. John's, Newfoundland, December, 1904.

Cbe Dortl) Sea Outrage.

" The Russian Bailie P leet while steaming up the North Sea, 200 miles off
Spurn Head at midnight on Friday, came across a fleet of British steam
trawlers comprising the Hull fishing fleet busily plying their nets. Without
warning the Russians opened fire, sinking two trawlers and badly damaging
several. Two fishermen were killed and many wounded. Five trawlers are
still missing, others have reached Hull with dead and wounded. The snr-
vivors report that the Russians without any provocation maintained fire for
half an hour, all vessels of the squadron participating, although the war-
ships' searchlights fully revealed the identity of the helpless fishermen.
The Russians then apparently realizing their mistake hastily steamed away
without stopping to assist the sinking vessels."

E floats the flag o'er Britain's realms —
Where beat the " Hearts of Oak," —
There British prestige reels to-night

As from a mighty stroke ;
There " Soldiers of the King's" quick throb

Is heard in every hall,
And hearts beat fierce in prowd desire
To hear the bugle call !

We're one where Greater Britain rules —

Where hearts, indignant burn —
We're of the pulse that throbs to-night

The Tartar's act to spurn !
We're with the outraged fisher fleet

Upon God's jielding sea !
Where Russian wrath and coward force

Wrought Death and — Mystery!

Proud scion of a thousand thrones !

Victorioa's soar ! Our King !
What insult's this to thy proud flag

The Russian's dared to fling!
At flag and fleet, at Hearth and Crown,

o '

In Britain held divine !
Let Russ. and Cossack know at once
The Bear must face the Lion ?

*****

Are the voices still'd who the ramparts thrill'd

Who the pride of the Russian quell'd?
Is the " ROCK" dissolv'd in the ocean's depths

Are the arms of the gunners fell'd ?
Are the warriors dead, has the courage fled

That won our fislds of old ?
Is the sword to rust in the scabbard thrust

In the brave old Lion's Fold ?

Shall " The Gates of the Sea," a highway be

For the Cubs of the treacherous Bear ?
Shall the Foe defile and smirch our Isle

With the blood of our kindred dear !
Is " THE FLEET" but a name to conjure with ?

Are the guns of the ramparts mute?
Must the crescent sink in the dull wave's brink

Of the North Sea's rude dispute ?

Must " The lion spirits who tread the deck"

Be still, while the Empire throbs !
And the coward Bear, in his northern lair

Growls back as the widow sobs !
Ah me I for the rays of the Chatam days

To flash on the Realms again 1
And the men and the guns, who the Empire won

To smite for their brothers, slain !
* * * * *

There's a Drake and a Nelson on some brave ship

And they breathe amid " HEARTS or OAK"-
And a Wellington stands with impatient hands

Somewhere, to avenge this stroke !
For the wound will smart in the Empire's heart

Which her daring and and might must heal;
And the North Sea's waves, will, above these graves

Rebound to the deeds of the Leal !

— E. C.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

From the Reid-Newfoundland Go's.]

THE DEAD MONARCH.

[Collection of Photos.

-.* Christmas in the Quentieth Ccnturp. *

LORD, still we worship Thee ; —
To-day at countless altars, millions kneel,
Adoring the Incarnate Word, and feel

With thrilling hearts that joyful Mystery ;
Yea, still within Thy Church upon the earth, —
The great proclaimer of Thy Virgin Birth, —
Is preached Thy Manhood and Divinity.
Yet, as we look around us, what is there

To tell that Christ has come ?
Error, and crime, and misery, and despair
Are all around us ; war and pestilence
Have shocked the gazing East,
And sent their echoes to the listening West ;
The harlot's oath, the outcast children's cry

Ascend the heaven's dome;
And cold Indifference saunters listless by.
Where is the wondrous change

That Simeon saw far off, and hailed, and died,
While o'er the earth's wide range

Such horrors stalk, unchecked and undefied ?

O Thou, who born for man, art always Man,

These men who flout Thee, those who nothing care,

Are all Thy brothers ; — In the mighty plan
Of Thy Redemption, Save I

Thou Virgin pure beyond all thought,

With lily chaplets crowned,

These wretched ones whose shame profound
Is deeper than the grave,

Are all thy sisters,— pity them ; thy Son by what He wrought

Will surely save them, for he can 1

By Robert Gear MacDouald.

Upon a holy day,

The lonely Dreamer on far Patmos isle
The height of heaven clomb ;
And underneath the rainbow arched dome.
A throne was set : bright lamps of fire did play
Before the Lamb that stood amidst the throne,

Slain, yet alive the while ;
While Beasts and Elders praised His wondrous worth.

No hands could ope the Volume but His own.
And still beneath all plagues could hurt the earih
And its inhabiters; but still He sate
That none of His should perish, small or great.

Is not this a parable

It were meet to study well ?
The throne is set to-day,

And still Thou sittest in the very midst,
Directing, guiding all this great display

Of mighty forces ; only as Thou didst
'Tis ours to suffer ; infinitely worse
The pangs Thou hast borne for us :
Over the world like Babel clamorous
Thou siaest, working out Thy purpose vast,
Till Time's sad years are past.

So " Peace on Earth" has not been sung in vain
Year after year, since first the sacred strain,
The ever broadening verse,
Had angels for its primal choristers :
We can but see in part ; the wondrous whole
Will reconcile the sections to our soul.
So shall we echo " Glory in the Height

To God, and Peace on Earth : "

Glory to God for His most joyful Birth
Scattering forever sin's most awful night.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

GEAR & CO.,

Headquarters for

J» J»

Marbleized Mantelpieces, English and
American Tiled Grates, Tiled Hearths,

Fancy Brass and Iron Kerbs,
Fire Brasses, Dogs, Stops,
and other Artistic Grate
and Hearth Furnishings.

j* j*

349 Water Street. 349

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 imjwmi

1904 Greeting 1904

JAS. J.

friends for their kind patronage
=Z during the past year, and wishes
MERRY XMAS.

them, one and all, a VERY

We respectfully draw your attention to our Stock of
PERFUMERY !

It is the very choicest obtainable, and being put up in fancy
boxes, baskets, &c., would make ideal Xmas Presents.
We also carry a full line of
Perfume Sprays, Shaving Brushes,

Sacnet Powders, Fancy Toilet Soaps,

Toilet Boxes, Smelling Bottles,

Hair Brushes, Washing Gloves,

in fact a complete assortment of everything necessary for Toilet and
Medicinal purposes.

A visit to our Store will convince you, that right here is the best
place to buy anything in the above line.
We defy competition in goods or prices.

MANNING'S DRIG STORE,

New Gower Street. £ Open till 1 1 o'clock every night. ;

iiiiiii in J I in. l:r liiliitrlilrMiiriiiiliiliiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiii

Imperial Tobacco Co., Ltd.

Manufacturers of Choice Tobaccos.

Smoking and Chewing,

Plug, Cut Plug, and Granulated.

ome of our brands :

" GOODWIN'S BEST CUT PLUG,"

HEARN & Co

WHOLESALE ONLY..
AT LOWEST PRICES.

'EARLY BIRD,"

'MARINER,"

'MONT ROYAL,"

'J. D."

' HAPPY THOUGHT,"

' RICHMOND GEM,"

• " IMPERIAL."
For a cool, refreshing smoke, try " KILLIKINKNICK."

OFFICES AND FACTORY:

Flavin and Bond Streets, •£ St. John's, Newfoundland.

EMPIRE,"

DAISY,"

OUR FAVORITE,"

VIRGINIA LEAF,"

CROWN,"

SUCCESS,"

PORK.— Mess, Bean, Ham Butt, Family Mess,
Loins, Jowls, Hocks, Spare Ribs, Hams.
BEEF. — Packet, Plate, Mess and Boneless.

SUGAR. — Fine Granulated, in barrels and bags.
Yellow, in brls. and bags. White Moist,
in brls. Cube, in i cwt. boxes,

MOLftSSES.— Choice New Barbados, in Pun-
cheons, Hogsheads and Tierces.

. .ALSO. .

Split and Round Peas, Rolled Oats, Oatmeal, and Sole Leather.

Sole Agents for

LIBBY, McNEiLi. & LIBBV'S Canned Meats & Soups.

PRICE LISTS FURNISHED ON APPLICATION.

J.V.O'DEA&Co.

WHOLESALE.

flour, Provisions and Feed.

ST. JOHN'S.

SMOKE CHACON'S

Genuine Jamaica Cigars

Governors j* Cspeciales

and enjoy the Xmas Season.
ROTHWELL & BOWRING, Wholesale Agents.

C.f. Bennett& Co.,

* WHOLESALE DEALERS IN j*

Provisions ^ Groceries.

The American Tailor

Has just received a large shipment of
Fall and Winter Goods, of the most
up-to-date patterns, in Suitings, Trou-
serings fancy Vestings, etc. ; all of the
latest styles and quality.
He guarantees first class work, cut and finish in the latest American style.

W. P. SHORTALL,

334 Water Street, • • St. John's, Newfoundland.

Jl^=Patterns and self-measuring cards sent on application.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

CONSTABULARY TIRE DEPARTMENT.™ fIRE ALARM TELEGRAPH,

EASTERN DISTRICT.

NO. LOCATION OF BOXES.

12 — Temperance Street, foot Signal-hill Road.

13 — Factory Lane.

14 — Water Street, foot Cochrane Street.

15 — Duckworth Street, corner King's Road.

16 — Cochrane Street, corner Gower Street.

17 — Colonial Street, corner Bond Street.

1 8— Water Street, East.

112 — Inside Hospital, Forest Road, special box.
113 — Penitentiary, corner Quidi Vidi Road.
114 — Military Road, corner King's Bridge Road
115 — Circular Road, corner Bannerman Road.
I id— King's Bridge Rd., near Railway Crossing
117 — Opposite Government House Gate.
118 — Rennie's Mill Road.

CENTRAL DISTRICT.

21 — Head Garrison Hill.

22 — Water Street, foot Prescott Street.

23— Water Street, foot McBride's Hill.

24 — Gower Street, corner Prescott Street.

25 — Court Mouse Hill.

26 — Duckworth Street, corner New Gower Street.

27 — Cathedral Square, foot Garrison Hill.

28 — -Long's Hill, and corner Livingstone Street.
221 — Military Road, Rawlins' Cross.
223 — Hayward Avenue, corner William Street.
224 — Maxse Street.

225 — Gate Roman Catholic Orphanage, Belvedere.
226 — Carter's Hill and Cookstown Road.
227 — Lime Street and Wickford Court.
228 — Freshwater Road and Cookstown Road.
231 — Scott Street, comer Cook Street.
232 — Inside Savings' Bank, special box.
233 — Flemming Street.
234 — Queen's Road, corner Allen's Square.
235 — Centre Cartel's Hill.

WESTERN DISTRICT.

31— Water Street, foot Adelaide Street.

32 — New Gower Street, corner Queen Street.

34 — Waldegrave and George Street.

35— Water Street, foot Springdale Street.

36— Water Street, foot Patrick Street.

37 — Head Pleasant Street.

38 — Brazil's Square, corner Casey Street.

39— Inside Boot & Shoe Factory, special box.
312 — Horwood Factory.
313— LeMarchant Rd., head Springdale St.
331— LeMarchant Rd., head Barter's Hill.
332 — Pleasant Street.

334— Patrick Street, corner Hamilton Street.
335 — Inside Poor Asylum, special box.
336 — Torpey's, Cross Roads, Riverhead.
337 — Hamilton Avenue, corner Sudbury Street.
338 — Flower Hill, corner Duggan Street.

42 — Southside, near Long Bridge.

43 — Central, Southside.

44 — Dry Dock.

45 — Southside, West.

46 — Road near Lower Dnndee Premises.

On the discovery of a fire, go to the nearest box, break the glass, take the key, open the door of the large box, and give the alarm by pulling tile Hook all t
CAIIT ON P^r^'ni? H •"'!1C "TT" "e b0,X' " -y°U ?° I-"' hT il' pu" again' A"" g^ing the alarm, remain at the box™ as todi?ect the Fire

^iw°ni17«1«2Xf;5r^fe

"FIRE OUT SIGNAL."— Two strokes on the large Bell, repeated three'tinies, th'usT "li— 'if-'-Il'

the way down once then lei
Bri^de wheVe""go

JOHN R. McCOWEN, Inspector-General.

SHEEP PRESERVATION !

TPHE following Sections of the Acts 47th Victoria, Cap. 7, and 50th
Victoria, Cap. 9, for the Preservation of Sheep, are published in
consolidated form for the information of the public:

t.— It shall be lawful for the duly qualified Electors resident within an
area or District within this Colony to present to the Governor in Council
a Petition or Requisition in the form prescribed in the S- hedule to this Act,
or as near thereto as may be, setting forth the limits or boundaries within
which such area or District is comprised, and the names of the towns,
harbors or settlements included therein, and praying for a Proclamation
hrohibiting the keeping of Dogs within such area or District.

2.— Such Petition or Requisition shall be sent to the nearest resident
Stipendiary Magistrate, and shall be by him (after examination and certifi-
cate as hereinafter provided) furnished to the Governor in ''ouncil.

3.— Upon receipt of any su;h Petition or Requisition containing the
signatures of not less than one-third of the Electors resident within any
such area or District, certified as aforesaid, the Governor in Council shall
issue a Proclamation or Public Notice prohibiting the keeping of Dogs
within such area or District.

^ 4.— From and after the day prescribed in and by such Proclamation or
Notice, it shall not be lawful for any person resident within such area or
District to keep, or to have in his possession, or under his control, any Dog
within the area or District to which such Proclamation or Notice shall
relate, under a penalty not exceeding Fifty Dollars, or imprisonment for a
term not exceeding Three Months. This prohibition shall not apply to any
person or persons travelling or passing through such area or Districts and
having a licensed Dog or Dogs in his or their possession, charge or control
and not at large.

5.— It shall be the duty of all Police Constables to kill all Dogs found by
them in any area or District in which the keeping of Dogs is prohibited
under this Act, except Shepherd Dogs or Collies, and those excepted under
the next preceding section, and all such dogs not so excepted may be killed
by any person whomsoever. And it shall be lawful for any person to destroy
any Dog kept in contravention of the provisions of this Act.

VA11 penalties under this Act may be sued for and recovered in a sum-
mary manner before a Stipendiary Magistrate or Justice of the Peace, and
all fines shall be paid to the person who shall give information of the offence
and prosecute the offender to conviction.

SCHEDULE.— Form of Petition or Requisition.

To His EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR IN COUNCIL:—
The Petition of the undersigned humbly sheweth,—

That your Petitioners are duly qualified Electors residing in an area or
section of the Electoral District of , comprised and bounded

as follows :

That the said area or section contains the following towns (or harbors or
settlements, as the case may be).

That your Petitioners are desirous, and humbly pray Your Excellency in
Council, that a Proclamation or Notice be issued under the provisions of
an Act passed in the Forty-seventh year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen
Victoria, Cap. 7, entitled " An Act to provide for the better Preservation of

leep, and for other purposes," prohibiting the keeping of Dogs within the

a'd DUtrict' and y°»r Petitioners

wil? e^eTTa
Dated at

°f

, the

day of , 190 .

J. G. CONROY,

P r /•>« c, / L Stipendiary Magistrate for Newfoundland.

Police Office , St. John's, Decimber,

Customs Circular

No, 15.

A deposit equal to the duty shall be taken on such articles as
Cameras, Bicycles, Trouting Poles, Fire-arms, Tents, Canoes,
and tent equipage. A receipt (No. i) according to the form
attached shall be given for the deposit and the particulars of
the articles shall be noted in the receipt as well as in the
marginal cheques. Receipt No. 2 if taken at an outport office
shall be mailed at once directed to the Assistant Collector,
St. John's, if taken in St. John's the Receipt No. 2 shall be sent
to the Landing Surveyor.

No groceries, canned goods, wines, spirits or provisions of
any kind will be admitted free and no deposit for a refund may
be taken upon such articles.

H. W. LeMCSSURICR,

Assistant Collector.

CUSTOM HOUSE,

St. John's, Newfoundland, 22nd June, 1903.

THC ...

NEWFOUNDLAND

QUARTERLY.

JOHN J. EVANS, PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR.

JVOL. IV.— No. 4.

LITTLE RIVER, CODROY.

Notes and Portraits of His Excellency Sir William and

Lady MacGregor i

•' St. Andrew's Church" (illustrated), by R. C. Smith. . 2

" Right Hon. Sir Robert Bond, K.C.M.G., P.C., LL.D." 4

'• The Catholic Church and the British Empire," (Con-
cluded), by Rev. M. J. Ryan, Ph. D $

•' Forever and Forever" — Poem, by Daniel Carroll. ... 6

'• Poultry Fanning, and How to Make it Pay," by E. A.

Elgee, P.S., A.D.C 7

Supplement : Steamers and Captains of Red Cross Line,
Messrs. Bowring Brothers, Ltd., and Messrs. Harvey
iV Co.. Agents for Newfoundland.

"Supplement: Two Illustrations from Photographs —
•• Burin" ;.nd '• Holyrood."

" Newfoundland Name-Lore," (Article XII.) by Most

Rev. M. V. Howley, D.I) 9

" The Educational Outlook in Newfoundland," by Rev.

L. Curtis. M.A.. D.D. . 10

" In Memoriam — Mrs. Rogerson," Poem by I). Carroll n

" The Dead Singers," by Newfoundlander n

"Life at an Outport — [ repressions," 4 with portrait of

author, by Rev. A. \V. Lewis, B.A., B.D 12

" Nightmare" — Poem, by R. G. MacDonald 12

A full-page illustration from Photograph — " T. A. & B.

Society Officers," with Notes 14

Illustration from Photograph — '-Little River, Codroy". 15

" The Dead Christ," by F. M. White 17

•' Harry Bessemer's Investment," a novelette of New-
foundland Life, by R. G. MacDonald 19

'• The Breton Fisher's Prayer" — Poem, by Dr. Richard

Burke How ley 20

'• Recipe for a Composition Cake." by a Member of the

Littledale Literary Club 20

'• The Fisherman" — Poem, by Chas. E. Hunt 20

" Song : Keep Her to the Wind." by Danniel Carroll. . 20

": THE" NFAYFOUNDLAND QUARTF.RLY.

Queen
Fire Insurance Company

FUNDS. $AO,OOO,OOO

INSURANCE POLICIES

Against Loss or I );imaj^e by Fire

arc issued by the above

well known office on the most

liberal terms.

JOHN CORMACK,

SGEINT FOR NEWFOUNDLAND.

*^— m— m •"!

Royal

Household

Flour.

NEWfOUNDLAND

LIME-SAND BRICKS.

(Size— 9 x 4 }4 x 3).

\YK GUARANTEE THESE BRICKS

1 As Good and Cheaper

Than any Imported Brick.

GOOD PRESSED EACE-BRICKS

Selling at Lowest
Market Rates by The
NEWFOUNDLAND BRICK & MANUFACTURING Co., Ltd.,

E. H. & G. DAVEY, Managers.

Telephone, 345. litick -Plant Works, Jon's Cove.

Water Street, St. John's.

The Newfoundland Consolidated
foundry Company, Limited..

Manufacturers of Cooking,
Parlor, Mall and Church
Stoves, Gothic GRATES,
Mantelpieces, ' Windlasses,
Rouse Chocks. HAWSER
PIPES, and every variety of
Ship and "General Castings.
Churchyard or Cemetery
Railings, Crestings, and all
Architectural Castings

W. P. WALSH, S. WILL. CORNICK,

President. Manager.

Painter, Glazier, Paper Hanger
and House Decorator. •

JOHN KEAN,

ADELAIDE STREET,

hirst Class Work in our line; prompt and particular .attention given to
Outport Contracts.

Always on hand HANLEY'S celebrated brands of Snuffs.

Outport orders thankfully received.
X.l*.--\\ c employ a stuff of expert mechanics, who execute work with neatness and despatch

Address: No. 5 King's Road.

The American Tailor

Hns just received our fust shipment of
Spring and Summer Goods, of the most
up-to-date patterns, in Suitings. Trou-
serings fancy Yestings, etc.'; all of the
latest styles and quality.
He guarantees first class work, cut and finish in the latest American style.

W. P. SHORTALL,

334 Water Street, • - St. John's, Newfoundland.

Pattern? and self-measuring cards sent on application.

Boot and Shoe Maker.

Hand Sewing a Specialty.
Strictest attention paid to
all work* <£ *g &

Outport Orders- Solicited.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Post Office Department

Parcels may be Forwarded by Post at Rates Given Below.
In the case of Parcels, for outside the Colony, t*e senders will ask for Declaration Form, upon which the Contents and Value must be Stated

FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND
LABRADOR.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM.

FOR UNITED STATES.

FOR DOMINION OF
CANADA.

I pou

2 pou

3
4

9
10
ii

8 cents

24 ce

24
24
48
48
48
48

72
72
72
72
No parcel
less than

nts

12 Ct
24

48
60
72
84
96
Si 08

1 5 cents.
3°
45
60

75
90
$i .05

Cannot exceed seven pounds

weight.

No parcel sent to D. of C. for
less than 1 5 cents.

nds

ii "

14 "
17 "

2O "

2** "

, .

26 ••

2Q "

T.2 "

-I r "

•3C '•

Under I Ib. weight, I cent
per 2 oz.

sent to U K. for
24 cents.

No parcel sent to U. S. for
less than 12 cents.

N.B. — Parcel Mails between Newfoundland and United States can only be exchanged by direct Steamers : say Ked Cross Line to and from Ne~v York ;

Allan Line to and from Philadelphia.
Parcel Mails for Canada are closed at General Post Office every Tuesday at 3 p.m., for despatch by " Bruce" train.

RSTES OF COMMISSION
ON MONEY ORDERS.

General Post Office.

THE Rates of Commission on Money Orders issued by any Money Order Office in Newfoundland to the United States
of America, the Dominion of Canada, and any part of Newfoundland are as .follows : —

For sums not exceeding Sio 5 cts. Over $50, but not exceeding $60 30 cts.

Over $10, but not exceeding $20 10 cts. Over 56o, but not exceeding Sjo 35 cts.

Over $20, but not exceeding $30 15 cts. Over $70, but not exceeding SSo 40 cts.

Over $30, but not exceeding $40 20 cts. Over SSo, but not exceeding $90 45 cts.

Over $40, but not exceeding $50 25 cts. Over $90, but not exceeding Sioo 50 cts.

Maximum amount of a single Order to any of the ABOVE COUNTRIES, an I to offices in NEWFOUNDLAND, Sioo.oo, but as
many may be obtained as the remitter requires.

General Post Office St. John's, Newfoundland, March, 1905. H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

GENERAL # POST A OFFICE.

Postage on Local Newspapers.

TT is obHWed that BUNDLES OF LOCAL NEWSPAPERS, addressed to Canada and the United States, are frequently
mailed without the necessary postage affixed; and, therefore, cannot be forwarded.

The postage required on LOCAL NEWSPAPERS addressed to Foreign Countries is i cent to each two ounces. Two
of our local newspapers, with the necessary wrapper, exceeds the two ounces, and should be prepaid TWO CENTS.

H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

General Post Office.

TELEGRAMS for the undermentioned places in Newfoundland are now
Offices in the Colony and in St. John's at the Telegraph window in the LoL
Court House, Water Street, at the rate of Twenty Cents for Ten words or less,
address and signature, however, is transmitted free: —

Postal Telegraphs*

accepted for transmission at all Postal Telegraph
by of the General Post Office and at Office in new
and Two Cents for each additional v\ord. The

Avondale

Baie Verte (Little Bay N.)

Baine Harbor

Bay-de-Verde

Bay L'Argent

Bay Roberts

Beaverton

Belleoram

Birchy Cove (Bay of Islds.)

Bonavista

Bonne Bay

Botwoodville

Britannia Cove

Brigus Junction

Burin .

Carbonear

Catalina
Change Islands
Clarenville
Come-By-Chance
Conception Harbor
Fogo
Fortune
Gam bo
Gander Bay
Glenwood
Grand Bank
Grand Lake
Grand River
Greenspond
Hant's Harbor
Harbor Breton

Harbor Grace

Harbor Main

Hening Neck

Holyrood

Howards

Humber Mouth (River-
head, Bay of Islands)

King's Cove

King's Point (S. W. Arm,
Green Bay)

Lamaline

Lewisport

Little Bay

Little River

Long Harbor

Lower Island Cove

Postal Telegraph Message Forms may be obtained at any Post Office in the Colony, and
desires, the message may be left with the Postmaster, to be forwarded by mail Free

General Post Office, St. John's, Newfoundland, March,

Manuels

Millertown Junction

Musgrave Harbor

New Perlican

Newiown

Nipper's Harbor

Norris' Arm

N. \V. Arm (Green Bay)

Old Perlican

Pilley's Island

Port au-Port (Gravels)

Port -aux-Bas-ques (Channel)

Port Blandford

Steplienville Crossing

St. George's

St. Jacques

from Mail Clerks on Trains and Steamers. If the sender
of Postage to nearest Postal Telegraph Office.

H. J. B. WOOL'S, Postmaster General.

St. John's

St. Lawrence

Sandy Point

Scilly Cove

Seldom-Come-By

Sound Island

S. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Terenceville (head of

Fortune Bay)
Tilt Cove
Trinity
Twillingate
Wesleyville
Western Bay
YVhitbourne

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

ESTABLISHED I8O9.

FIRE and LIFE.

North British and Mercantile
Insurance Company.

Total Fiinds exceed $72,560,330.

GEORGE SHEA, Agent for Newfoundland.

BAIN[, JOHNSTON & Co. <* NEWMAN'S

Celebrated Port Wine,

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland,

General Merchants and Ship Owners.

..EXPORTERS OF.. \

Codfish, Cod Oil, Seal Oil, Seal Skins,
Codliver Oil (Norwegian process),

Salmon, Split Herring, Scotch Cured
Herring, Trout and Lobsters.

Sealing Steamers for Arctic hire. Steamers on
Labrador requiring COALS can be supplied at
Battle Harbor, at entrance to Straits of Belle Isle,
where there is telegraphic communication.

In Cases of 1 doz. each,
at $8.25 in Bond; also,

in Hogsheads, Quarter Casks a±d Octaves.

Baine, Johnston & Co,,

AGENTS.

Guarantees Talk.

Estimates Don't

A BUSINESS PROPOSITION.

That is what the ACCUMULATION POLICY of the

Confederation Life

is. Business men should compare its Guarantees
with those of other companies before placing their
risks. Call on or write to

C O'N* CONROY,

GENERAL AGENT.

Law Chambers, St. John's.

HEARN & Co

WHOLESALE ONLY..
AT LOWEST PRICES.

PORK. — Mess, Bean, Ham Butt, Family Mess,
Loins, Jowls, Hocks, Spare Ribs, Hams.

BEEF. — Packet, Plate, Mess and Boneless.

SUGAR. — Fine Granulated, in barrels and bags.
Yellow, in brls. and bags. White Moist,
in brls. Cube, in i cwt. boxes,

MOLASSES. — Choice New Barbados, in Pun-
cheons, Hogsheads and Tierces.

. .ALSO. .

Split and Round Peas. Rolled Oats, Oatmeal, and Sole Leather.

Sole Agents for

LIBBY, McNEiLL & LIBBY'S Canned Meats & Soups.

PRICE LISTS FURNISHED ON APPLICATION.

TH[ NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY;

VOL. IV.— No. 4.

MARCH, 1905.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

HIS EXCELLENCY, SIR VVM, MACGRKCOR.

TT7HE following extract from Whittakcr's Animal, for 1904,
J I V will give our readers an idea of the Governor's work as
an Empire Builder before he was transferred to New-
foundland : —

"SiR WILLIAM MACGREGOR, K.C.M.G., 1889; C.B., 1897; M.D.
Abdn., 1874; D.Sc, Camb. ; LL.t). Edin. and Abdn.; Fellow of the
Royal Geographical Societies of England, and Scotland, and Berlin ; and
of the Royal Ethnological Society of Italy; Watson gold medalist., 1872;
formerly IBS. surgeon, ies physician. Glasgow Royal Infirmary; res. physi-
cian, Royal Lunatic Asylum, Aberdeen; asst. govt. medical officer, Sey-
chelles, 1873; superintendent lunatic asylum and resident surgeon Civil
Hospital, Port Louis, Mauritius, 1874; chief medical officer, Fiji, March,
1875; also receiver-general, and member of the executive and legislative
councils, January, 1877 ; has acted as registrar general, agent general of
immigration, and commissioner of lands; engaged, 1876, in the suppression .
Of the disturbances in the mountains of Viti Levu, for which he was voted
a gratuity of £200 ; joint commissioner, 1877, for the settlement of debts
due from natives and Europeans, and for the settlement of all pecuniaiy
claims against the late government of Fiji; member of the Native Regula-
tion Boatd, 187?; proceeded to Tonga, 1879, to report on the financial
condition of that country; acting colonial secretary, Novemljer, 1883,10
June, 1884, and October, 1874, to January, 1875; administrator of the gov-
ernment and acting high commissioner and consul general for the West
Pacific. January to August, 1875; representative of Fiji at the first session
of the Federal Council of Australasia, at Hobart, January, 1885; Albert
medal of the 2nd class (1884), with the Clarke gold medal of the Royal
Humane Society of Australasia in 1885. for saving life at sea; dep. admin-
istrator of Fiji, September, 1885. and August, 1886; administrator and
declared sovereignty over British New Guinea, 1888; lieut. -governor, 1895;
Founder's medal, R.G.S.E., 1896; governor Lagos, 1899-1904."

His Excellency was the first to cross the Island of West
Guinea via the Stanley Range, where he discovered several new
kinds of the famous Bird of Paradise, together with many other
Unknown specimens of animal and vegetable life. As an in-
stance of the difficulties encountered by the expedition, one
mile a day was often a high rate of progression, and it was due
to His Excellency's immense strength and resource that he suc-
ceeded where so many had failed. Being a Botanist, Miner-

I.AI1V MACC.RECOR.

alogist and an Astronomer, it was not surprising that the scien-
tific :\vo rid reaped large stores of information from his experi-
ences, and were pleased to honour him accordingly. From
New Guinea, which he had succeeded in pacifying and reducing
10 order, he was translated to Lagos, West Africa, a Colony
even more unhealthy. During Sir William MacGregor's terms
of office the annual mortality amongst white officials was reduced
enormously, and the prosperous and present happy state of the
inhabitants is a striking testimony to the wisdom of his rule.
That our new Governor takes as much interest in Newfound-
land as in former Colonies is evidenced by the fact that he has
already tabulated an immense amount of information relative to
our fisheries for the la*t hundred years. Newfoundland has, on
more than one occasion, suffered through want of information in
the Colonial office. Sir William appears to have set himself the
task to remove this obstacle, and to supply the Imperial Authori-
ties with reliable data, so that they may in future negotiations,
regarding the welfare of the Colony, have the most trustworthy
information to hand. He has also expressed an intention of visit-
ing all the centres of industry and factories in the Island. We
understand that in the summer of this year, His Excellency is
contemplating an extended visit to our dependency — Labrador.

Lady MacGregor and her talented daughters, have already
earned enviable reputations. As a hostess at Government
House, Lady MacGregor has charmed all those who have had
the privilege of meeting her. The Misses MacGregor, who are
musicians of no mean order, have since their very arrival, placed
their talents at the disposal of all those who have been labour-
ing for any philanthropic purpose, and are in high favour with
all lovers of good music.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY,

St. flndiWs CDurcl%

By R. C. Smith.

ST. ANUREW'S CHURCH, ST. JOHN'S.

" HER Saints take pleasure in her stones,
Her very dust to them is dear."

TTTHE words "Nee Tamen Consumebatur," surrounding a
J I li burning bush, form the motto and crest of the Church of
Scotland. The reference is, to that scene on Horeb,
where God talked with man and disclosed His plan for the de-
liverance of His People — Israel from Egypt. " The bush was
not consumed."

It is not necessary for the purposes of this paper that we
should seek to discover all the meanings of this motto, further
than to say that they take us back to almost the beginning of
our religious history, to that gray dawn which preceded the
rising of the Sun of Righteousness ; also to point out that
they are not inappropriate to the story of the " Kirk" in
St. John's.

In a similar manner, if we inquire what this building stands
for, and what it means to those who worship within its walls, we
shall find that its foundations were laid in lands far distant and
times long past. The Briton proud .of his citizenship and free-
dom, calls to mind that they have been purchased by "the
breasts of civic heroes bared in freedom's holy cause." So we
of the Kirk love to dwell upon "our martyrs in heroic story
worth a thousand Agincourts.." Nor do we stop here. Our

claims are large- A recent pulprit utterance in St.
Andrew's, in connection with this matter, was to
this effect: "We find the roots of the present
deeply embedded in the soil of the past. I respect
the man who claim antiquity for his Church, I claim
it for mine own." Before Knox and other mediaeval
reformers were, back to the time when the Son of
Man walked this earth, and said " Upon this Rock
I build my Church," back to the eternal purposes
of the Divine will, do we look for the Church's
foundations.

The Kirk is not alone indebted to the names
emblazoned on her own honour roll for her mak-
ing. Down through the ages, have the great and
good of both sexes helped to mould, and form her.
Chrysostym, St. Columba, St. Augustine, St. Patrick,
VVyckliffe, Thomas a Kempis, Latimer, Ridley,
Wesley, Whitfield, and Newman, as well as Knox,
Rutherford, McCheyne, Guthrie, Chalmers, and
Henry Drummond have all been laid under tribute
to make her what she is.

If ability permitted, it would not be possible
within the compass of an article of this kind to tell
the story of the Kirk even in part, or to name the
factors which under Divine Guidance have been
used to form her. But the influence of environment
cannot be passed over.

The Scotch are a virile race. The conditions of
their country have made them so. The scramble
for life has made the Scotchman agressive, has de-
veloped that sense of individual and national inde-
pendence, which the predominant partner of the
political union cannot overawe or eradicate. Again,
a community of interest has been established in
some measure by the same circumstances. This
kinship termed clannishness has been fostered by the struggle
with reluctant nature from within, and hostile man from without
— chiefly from over the border.

In addition to those factors, indeed growing out of them, we
have the superior system of Scottish education, which makes it
possible for a " lad of pairts" to obtain the highest collegiate
honours indeed as many of her distinguished sons have done.
It has developed in the humblest, the metaphysical and dialec-
tical faculties accounting for that spirit of criticism and contra-
diction so repugnant to those who do not understand the
genius of the race.

These features are marked characteristics in the ecclesiastical
life of the Scottish people. In vindicating independence in
Government, freedom of interpretation and liberty of conscience,
the Kirk has been baptised with fire. Those days now happily-
past which saw her sons and daughters seal the covenant with
their blood, have left a testimony whereby future generations
have fortified their faith. Later came the great question of
patronage, culminating in 1843 in the spectacle of nearly five hun-
dred of her ministers giving up their parishes and manses for
conscience sake, and instituting the Free Church of Scotland.
To-day we have another great ecclesiastical question agitating
Scotland as she has seldom been stirred before, involving mil-

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

lions of money, and subtle distinctions of doctrine which the
learned English minds of the Lords of Appeal have failed to
discern.

The effects of the disruption and indeed of all the trouble which
have agitated the Scottish Church have been shown in renewed
spiritual activity. Through all her testing times the Kirk has
ever held aloft her high standards. In the effort to raise the
blue banner still higher her children have differed and are differ-
ing, but the rallying cry now and ever will be, " For Christ and
His Covenant."

It was of this genesis the men and women were, wlio had
come from Scotland to this

" Place far abroad,
Where sailors gang to fish for cod."

They had already learnt that man's chief end is to glorify God
and enjoy Him forever. They desired to do so as their
custom and want had been, and so introduced Presbyterianism
into St. John's.

On December 3rd, 1843, St. Andrew's Church of the Estab-
lished Church of Scotland was opened. It occupied the site
of the present' edifice. Its first minister was the Rev. Donald
Allan Eraser, M.A. (To his son, John McL. Eraser, we arc in-
debted for the picture of the Church published in this issue.)
Mr. Eraser is described -as a man of commanding presence,
cultured mind and deep spirituality. His preaching was often
really eloquent, racy of his Highland birth and mysticism. He
died in 1845, after a pastorate of two years, deeply regretted.
Amongst those who succeeded Mr. Eraser, we call to mind
Revs. Donald MacRae and J. D. Patterson, who have'left loving
memories lingering in many hearts. The latter died-some years
ago in Australia. The former is now a Professor at Kingston,
Ontario. He revisited St. John's two years ago.

The disruption agitation which swept over Scotland in 1843
at length reached Newfoundland. The little Presbyterian com-
munity here divided. The Free Church of Scotland was opened
on Duckworth Street, where Dr. Eraser's residence now stands.
Rev. Adam Muir was its first minister, and was followed by
Rev. Dr. Harvey in 1852. Dr. Harvey ministered to this
Congregation until its re union with the mother Church in 1876.

During 1876 events took place which brought about the re-
union of the separated congregations. On January 3oth St.
Andrew's Church on the hill was destroyed by fire, and on
October I5th, of the same year, Free St. Andrew's met a similar
fate. Bjth congregations homeless, the guidance could not be
ignored, union was consummated in 1877.

Previous to the union St. Andrew's worshipped in the Old
Temperance Hall, and Eree St. Andrew's in the Court House.
The amalgamated bodies worshipped in the Athenaeum until
the new Church was completed. The United Church was now
affiliated with the Presbyterian Church in Canada, but she still
preserves the features and complexion of her Scottish origin.

The corner stone of the first United Church was laid on
June i8th, 1878, by the Rev. Dr. Muir. The site being at the
junction of Duckworth Street and Cathedral Hill. It was
opened for worship on Nov. zoth, 1879, by Rev. L. G. Mac-
Neil, who had been called as minister to the new congregation.
Rev. Job Shenton conducted the evening diet of worship.

Under Mr. MacNeil's ministry, which lasted until 1887, the
congregation prospered. The union was complete. No sign
of cleavage on the old lines has ever appeared. The minister
was .an earnest, powerful and logical preacher — a man of much
force of character. Accepting a call from St. Andrew's, St.
John, N. B., he was. after a most successful pastorate, succeeded

by Rev. W. Graham in January, 1887.

In 1892, during the years of Mr. Graham's ministry, the great
fire took place. Again the Presbyterians beheld their Temple
in ashes. Again preparations were made to rebuild their Zion.
The congregation meanwhile found accommodation in the West
End Presbyterian Hall, Hamilton Street, and later in the Church
Hall. Queen's Road.

A majority vote of the congregation decided that the new
structure should occupy its present commanding site. At the
time a considerable and influential minority were of opinion
that the position was not sufficiently easy of access. It is now
conceded that time has proven their opinion to have been cor-
rect. Exchange of site with that of the Presbyterian College
would have been advantageous to both institutions.

The Church is built from plans by Messrs. Wills & Sons, by
S. M. Brookfield, of Halifax. The corner stone of the new
building was laid August 24th, 1894, by Sir Terence O'Brien,
K.C.M.G., and was dedicated to the worship of God on August
2nd, 1896, by Rev. L. G. MacNeil, its former pastor.

At the morning dedicatory services the Rev. L. G. MacNeil
preached from Exodus, 3rd chap, and 3rd verse, " And Moses
said I will now turn aside and see this great sight why the bush
is not burnt."

The dominant tone of the services and attention of the people
was one of praise and gratitude to the Almighty that once more
within His house their teet were found. The Old Hundred had a
new depth of meaning as it poured over the hearts of the people
calling on them lo praise, laud and bless His name always, for
it is seemly so to do. The evening service by the same preacher
was from Luke's Gospel, " Lord increase our Faith."

This same year Mr. Graham resigned the charge, accepting
a call to Kingston, Jamaica. He was a warm-hearted Scotch-
m.in, a good preacher, and had a firm place in the affections of
many. He was succeeded by Mr. Robeitson, the present In-
cumbent.

Trie Church, occupying a commanding site, is of the Gothic
style of architecture. It is built of Accrington brick trimmed
\\ ith Scotch freestone. The tower and spire completed last year
are in keeping with the general design, and are very handsome.

The main porch is composed of the same stones as were
used in the porch of the Duckworth Street Church and is sur-
mounted with the identical burning bush which was not consumed
in the fire that destroyed that building in 1892.

Tne cost of this property, including Manse and Hall, is in
the neighbourhood of $85,000. Like many buildings erected
since the rite of [892 repairs have been required out of all
proportion to the demands of ordinary wear and tear ot time
and use. To the energy and zeal of the Hon. James Baird the
congregation and community are indebted for the completion
last year of the handsome tower and spire. This work has been
to him a labour of love. It is proposed to hold a special meet-
ing of the congregation in the coming April when the cost of
the completed building w:ll be submitted and adjusted.

Although not a large congregation, the influence of Saint
Andrew's in the community is great. Her ministers from the
first have been broad-minded, cultured and earnest men. They
have entered into the life of the people, and from pulpit, plat-
form and press have contributed to the uplift of and the pros-
perity of the commonwealth. They have commanded and
received the respect of all classes at all times. One of them —
Rev. Dr. Harvey — by his wealth of literary endowment and
untiring zeal in the Colony's service, has done much for her
development and material prosperity.

So the Auld Kirk stands, thrice burnt but never consumed.
More and more may she fulfil the purpose of her Divine origin
and Supreme Head. May the great outstanding facts of human
need and sin and God's remedy continue to be the burden of
her inessage. May she help to usher in the time when jangling
creeds shall no more perplex when the mists of misunderstand-
ing shall have rolled awa^ leaving nothing but the clear "lift
abune" through which comes the Father's smile on those who
would serve Him.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY,

RT. HON. SIR RGHKRT HONI), K.C.M.C., P.C., LL.I>.

" WF must be free or die. who speak the tongue
That Shakspeare spake: the faith and morals hold

\Vhich Milton held. — In everything \ve are sprung
Of earth's first blood, have titles manifold."

" SOME say that the age of chivalry is past. The age of chivalry is never
past as long as there is \viong left unredressed on eaith. and a man or
woman left to say, ' I will redress that wrong or spend my life in the
attempt.' " — Kingitey.

•• 1 do love

My country's good with a respect trore tender,
More holy and profound, than mine own life."

— Shakspeare.

^CTHESE quotations seem to afford a good setting for a brief account
J I L of the career of the Rt. Hon. Sir K Bond, whose name is to-day a
1 household woid in every village and hamlet of Newfoundland, and
whose services to his country have been many and great. ' It has been said
that " every man is the result of three factois — his ancestors, life surround-
ings, and his individuality" ; in attempting to give an account of the sub-
ject of our sketch, therefore, we must begin with his ancestors. He comes
of excellent British stock, of sturdy West Country type, "of earth's first
blood," and is a good illustration of the saying, " Blood tells." Born in
the Capital of Terra Nova, in 1857, two years after (he Introduction of
Responsible Government by Governor Darling, he may be said to have
been. given to Newfoundland contemporaneously with the great boxm of
complete Self-Government. In 1846, St. John's petitioned the Impeiial
Government for this, and having waited nine long years, the new Chatter
came; and thus the spirit of freedom was in the air during the Premier's
early years, a spirit which he imbibed to the fullest extent and has stood
for all through his public life. His early yeais in the home of his father,
a prominent St. John's merchant, could not fail to bring 1 im into sympa-
thetic touch with the business life of the country, and cna'e and foster an
interest in its success which has characterized his who'e career. In addi-
tion to such educational advantages as were afforded in the land of his
birth, he enjoyed the privilege of training at Queen's College, Taunton,
England; where, besides a valuable scholastic conrse. re obtained a know-
ledge of English life, became imbued with Englisji principles, and obtained
a culture and thorough gentlemanliness of manner and I-eaiing which can-
not fail to impress all with whom he comes in contact. Having completed

his college term, he entered upon the study of law which, howeveri Owihg
to indications of failing health, he was advised to discon'inue.

His first venture upon the troubled waters of political life was in i88i
when, at the age of twenty-five, he was elected as one of the Representa-
tives for Trinity, and, upon the opening of the Legislature, was appointed
Speaker of the House of Assembly. In the General Elections of 1885, his
Party was defeated, but Fortune Bay stood by Mr. Bond, and he represented
that constituency until the General Elections of 1889, when his Tarty was
victorious at the Polls, and he was again elected Member for Trinity and
entered the Cabinet with the Portfolio of Colonial Secretary. This orifice
he held — barring a short interval in 1894— until the General Elections of
1897 when his Government was defeated. The District of Twillingats
placed Mr. Bond at the head of the Poll, howeve.r, and his Party appointed
him Leader of the Opposition. It was in that position that he so heroically
opposed the now notorious Railway Contract of 1898, and subsequently
carried the war into the constituencies. At the opening of the Legislature
in 1900, upon a Want of Confidence vote, the Government was defeated,
and His Excellency the Governor called upon Mr. Bond to form a Ministry,
This he did, and having passed the Supply Bill, etc., the Legislature was
prorogued and, in an appeal to the country, the Government was sustained
by 32 out of a total of 36 Members. In 1904 the country again gave its
endorsation to his Policy by returning 30 out of the 36 as his supporters/
Thus in twenty three years of political sunshine and shadow, Sir Robert
has never known defeat at the Tolls, has spent almost two-thirds of his
political life as ( oionial Secretary, and in his two appeals to the Electorate!
as Premier, he has been returned by unprecedented majorities.

His services away fiom home, as the Colony's Representative, can only
be touched upon in passing. In 1890 he was one of a Delegation sent to
London in defence of the rights of the Colony against the encroachments
of the French. Fiom thence he went to Washington, with the concur-
re;.ce of Lord Knutsfoid, to negotiate what is known as the Bond-Blaine
Tre..ty, which owing to unwarrantable interference on the part of Canada
was blocked.

In 1894, after the closing of our Banks, he was one member of a Depu-
tation to visit Ottawa in the interest of the Colony ; and when Canada
failed to meet that Deputation in a generous spirit, in the darkest moment
of oui" country's hisloiy, Mr. Bond was the man who volunteered to go on
what appeared to many, if not to all, a hopeless mission : and though fol-
lowed from place to place by damaging messages to the press from his
country's deadly enemies, who tried to make success impossible, he sucj
ceeded in obtaining the requisite funds and saved the credit of the Colony.
By pledging his personal property as security, he secured a further loan to
relieve the pressure on the Government Savings Bank, and returned horns
the saviour of his country. From his grateful fellow-countrymen he
received such a welcome as his great services merited.

Nor has his Sovereign been slow in recognizing his worth to the Empire*
Upon the visit of Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Conv
wall and York to Newfoundland, he was honoured with the badge at
K. C. M.G. ; and in 1902, when representing the Colony at the Coronation
of His Majesty King Edward VII., His Majesty piesented him with the
Coronation Medal and mads him a Member of the Privy Council. Edhv
burgh also honoured him with the Freedom of the City, and its University
conferred upon him the Honorary Degree of LL.D.

Such manifestation of confidence at home and recognition of merit abroad
few indeed have enjoyed. If we may venture to offer an explanation, it is
this : — Sir Robert possesses ability of a high order, and all is placed unrej
servedly at the disposal of his country. He toils for her welfare with a zeal
and an enthusiasm that will brook neither weariness nor discouragement/
Like a knight of old, he stands to defend her against all her foes. He sees
wrongs inflicted upon her by her enemies and says, "I will redress those!
wrongs or spend my life in the attempt." He thinks and toil* most ardu-
ously for Newfoundland because he loves her most intensely. With
Shakspeare he can say, " I do love My country's good with a respect moro
tender, More holy and profound, vhar. mine Own life."

Rot the first Ratine premier.

A GEKTLEMAK in Toronto has called our attention to an error which
inadvertenly crept into tl.e October number of the QUARTERLY. There
the writer referred to Sir R. Bond as the first native Premier. This, of
course, was inconect, as duiing the fifty years of Responsible Government
Newfoundlander have, at diffeient times, occupied that honourable posi-
tion. Indeed, if we mistake not, Sir H. W. Hoyles who became Premier
in 1861 was a native of the Colony.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Clx Catbolic Cburcl) ana tbc Britisb empire.

(Concluded?) — By Rev,

NOW, the Protestants of Ireland insisted on the breaking
of the Treaty of Limerick ; the penal laws which they
passed would have been even baser and viler than they
were but for the veto of the Imperial Government; and it
was only by the Imperial Government exerting its utmost
influence that the repeal of the penal laws was at last carried
through the Irish Parliament. Everywhere else but in Ireland,
the British word is regarded as an oath. Go where you will, to
Egypt, to India, literally "from China to Peru," the native has
unfaltering faith in the British word. In South America, the
most solemn asseveration is " Parola Ing/ese" — on the word of
an Englishman. As I have heard a Frenchman say, " The
English word carries to the end of the world." Nowhere have
such tributes beerr paid to the English faith as in the United
States. No man, I suppose, living under the English flag,
could read without pride the poem in which an American poet
celebrated the journey of a British trapper through Minnesota
in 1862 when the Sioux were "up and on the shoot," and when
" there warn't a livin' Yankee" would have "crossed them plains
alone for a waggon load of gold." A British fur-trader on his
way to Fort Garry came to St. Paul, and everybody warned him.
" He only laffed and said he knowed the Injuns all his life, and
he was goin' to mozey through and take along his wife. And
she, you bet, was plucky, and said she'd go along."
And, right a-top that creekin' cart

Upon the highest rack,
That trader nailed a bloomin' rag,

An English Union Jack.
So there he'd gone and done it,

Ez stubbern ez a mule
And knowin' fellers said we'd seen

The last of that d — fool.
They wuzn't long upon the trail

Before a band of Reds
Got on their tracks, an' foller'd up,

A-goin* to shave their heads.
But when they seen that little flag

A-stickin" on that catt,
They jes' said, " Hudson Bay ! Go on,

Good trader with good heart."
And when they struck the river

And took to their canoe,
'Twas that thar bit of culler

That seen them safely through.
Fer there that cussed little rag

Went floatin' through the State,
A flappin' in the face of death

And smilin' right at fate.
That wuz the way them tarnal fools
Crossed them thar' blazin' plains,
An* floated down the windin' Red

Through waves with bloody stains.
What give that flag it's virtoo ?
What's thar in red and blue,
To make a man and woman dar'

What others daren't do ?
Jes' this — an' Injuns know'd it —

That whar them cullers flew,
The men that lived beneath them,

Wuz mostly straight an' true;

That when they made a bargain,

'Twuz jes' as strong and tight

As if 'twere drawn on sheep-skin

An' signed in black and white.

M. J. Ryan, Ph. D.

That's how them Hudson tiaders done

Fer mor'n two hundred year;
That's why that trader feller crossed

Them plains without a fear.

*****
But when the men beneath that flag

Tries any monkey ways,
Then, good-bye, old-time friendship,

For Injuns gain' ter raise.

"Monkey ways'" were tried in Ireland with results that every
one can see, and that we all deplore. Plighted faith was broken,
however the blame be distributed, and the Catholics were the
sufferers. But I will only say that in my humble opinion, when
any Irish Protestant having turned Nationalist, denounces the
penal laws as the work of "England" that is, coming from such
a one, the height of human impudence. England has to bear
her share of the blame for consenting to that breach of faith ;
the men who insisted on that breach were more guilty still, and
their descendants, instead of throwing the sin off their fathers
upon less culpable people, ought to be doing penance in sack-
cloth and ashes.

In 1776 the Presbyterians and Whig Episcopalians of Ireland
were on the side of the American Revolution, while the Catholics
where on the side of the Crown. Nothing is more noticeable in
the correspondence of the Americans of that day than their ap-
peals to the Protestants on the ground that the Papists were
against them. That is a fact which it is all the more your duty
to remember within the 'British Empire because it is so often
brought up against the Irish in the United States. The rebellion
of '98 was got up by the Ulster Presbyterians, and opposed by
the Catholic Priests. In 1793, when it was found necessary to
broaden the basis of government, Lord Clare proposed raising
the Presbyterians to an equality with the Episcopalians and
forming a solid Protestant party, and defying the Catholics.
Pitt declared that the Catholics were more entitled than anyone
else to concessions, and began to grant to them, together with
the Presbyterians, some liberties. The Presbyterians were not
grateful for partial concessions which left them on a level with
the Catholics. There was a disappointed place-hunter, who had
proposed to Pitt an expedition to plunder Spanish America.
The gold Chalices and Crucifixes, alone, he said, would pay the
expense. Finding himself treated with silent contempt this man,
of whom O'Connell said that he ought to have been hanged by
the Irish people if the government had neglected its duty, and
whose career exemplifies the saying that " patriotism is the last
refuge of a scoundrel, " founded the Society of United Irishmen
in order to make the Catholics the tools of the Presbyterians and
and both, the tools of his own revenge. Into what a frightful
abyss of misery the unhappy people were drawn in spite of the
Catholic Church and the Catholic gentry, this is no place to tell.
It is better that it should be remembered by those who inflicted
the atrocities than by those who endured them. It is sufficient
to say that the Protestant government of Ireland were only re-
strained by the Imperial government, from the last extremities
and that when a member of the Imperial government defended
them in the House of Commons against an attack, Pitt was so
indignant that he got up and marched out of the House.

In 1-800, the Catholic Bishops were all on the side of the
Union, and brought man}' of their people over to the same side,
for as one of them wrote, the government under which they

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

lived was worse than that of the Mamelukes. The Bishops saw
clearly that the Union was the indispensable preliminary to re-
form. It is the Union that has made possible Catholic emanci-
pation, the disestablishment of the Protestant Church, the en-
franchisement of the masses, the concession of local government,
the transfer of the land from the smallest class to the largest.
Catholic emancipation would never have 'been conceded by the
Irish Protestants; they would have defied the people to rebel,
knowing that the Imperial Government would have to suppress
the rebellion for them. It is to the free entry to the British
market that Ireland owes to the fact of an annual excess of ex-
ports over imports. All this is no argument in favour of a cen-
tralized union, because centralization is contrary to freedom
though union is not. O'Connell, even during the Repeal agita-
tion, wrote that he would prefer a federal arrangement, and he
privately urged the Whig leaders to proffer some policy that he
could accept instead of the one he had taken up.

In 1830 many opponents of Catholic emancipation actually
voted for O'ConnelPs party out of revenge against their own.
In 1848, a Protestant landlord, who had opposed the repeal
(even during the famine) of that old Corn Law which (in Ire-
land at least) enriched his own class at the expense of the com-
muqity, placed himself at the head of a rising. In 1869, the
Orangemen threatened to kick the Crown into the Boyne if their
Church were disestablished ; and Episcopalians, out of revenge
reorganized the Home Rule movement (dead for twenty years)
and gave it a leader. This was to take away the Catholic vote
from the Liberal Party, and to teach the English people that
justice in Ireland would make more enemies than friends. At
the general election of 1874, in spite of the utmost exertions of
the Catholic Priesthood, the Liberals "were defeated in most
districts. When this work was done, most of the Protestants
deserted Home Rule and went back to Toryism. It was a Pro-
testant leader who brought the Home Rule Party into alliance
with the American Clan-na-Gael. I cannot profess any admira-
tion for those Catholics whose " passionate unreason" has
always made them, in spite of the Church, the dupes and tools
of their enemies.

The Catholic Church has assuredly no sympathy with the
principle of nationality. It is in her eyes immoral and in it she
recognises her worst enemy. She is essentially an international
Church. She believes that all the disciples of Christ through-
out the world should be bound up in one communion with a
central government sufficiently strong to control the disintegrat-
ing force of national antipathies, and to sustain the independence
of her local branches against alike the civil magistrate and the
mob. She knows that Donatism, Nestorianism, Monophytism,
the Schism of the East, and Protestantism all made way by ap-
pealing to nationality and to a so-called patriotism. She fears
that Nationality in Ireland might be directed against Rome.
She has not forgotten that Henry VIII. was able, after his
breach with Rome, to obtain the title of King of Ireland, that
the Irish Chieftains acknowledged him as Head of the Church,
and that he was able to boast that if the Pope succeeded in com-
bining France and Spain against him, the Irish would stand by
him. And yet the Irish are said to be naturally disloyal ! Even
in civil affairs the Church regards the principle of nationality as
wrong. The inhabitants of Switzerland are Germans, French,
and Italians. But they owe allegiance to the Swiss State and
'to no other state, actual or capable of being created. The in
habitants of Austria are Germans, Slavs, and Italians ; but they
are bound in conscience to the Austrian Crown, and Italia
irridenta is an immoral cry. But though the Church does not

embrace the principle of nationality, the Irish bishops feel that
Justice entitles their people to a large measure of local self-gov-
ernment, and that their training in county government has made
them fitter than they were in 1886. Nor is the principle of na-
tionality any part of Liberalism ; for it has shown -itself com-
patible with injustice and tyranny in Hungary and in the Trans-
vaal, and with slavery in the Transvaal and in the nation which
Jeff Davis made. Assuredly I am not implying, what I do not ,
think, that the Irish Nationalists are disposed to oppress any
one, but only that the principle of nationality is not a security
against tyranny.

Now, it would be very absurd to blame the 'Catholic Church
for the doings of extreme men, like Mr. Davitt, who has, been
stirring up the Nonconformists against the Education Act on
the ground that it puts education in the hands of priests,- while
he has been writing to American papers that he opposes it
because it takes education out of the hands of priests, and, who
has been pointing out to the Nonconformists that they could
deprive the Catholic religion of all representation in the House
of Commons by repealing the Union. Is it riot very ridiculous
that the Catholic Church should be blamed for the actions or
intentions of a man who has denounced the Episcopate and the
Vatican so fiercely for their opposition to Socialism that on one
occasion the priests of the United States warned him to leave
this country or they would denounce him from every altar.
Nothing is commoner among the Clan-na-Gael than the saying :
" But for the Clericals we could get up a rebellion."

On the other hand, it were well if Catholics, would always re-
member that there is a certain amount of prejudice ; that they
are gravely responsible before God if they create prejudice
against the Catholic religion and avert men's hearts from it by
identifying it with anything that wears the appearance of dis-
loyalty to an Empire in which almost every grievance has been
removed, in which there is a fair chance of removing those that
remain, and in which the worst-governed province is as well
governed as the best-governed province of any other power.
And having given this advice to my fellow-Catholics, I will now
venture to ask those of my Protestant fellow-countrymen who
may be good enough to read this, whether they do not think
that the Catholics are quite as loyal to the British Empire as
Protestants would be to a Catholic Empire? Personally, I
think they are more so, tor Catholicism has a principle of
obedience and pure Protestantism has not.

Foreoer and For«oer.

By Daniel Carroll.

A SUN-KISSED wave stole up the beach one day,
The while his Mother Ocean gently slept ;
Along the pebbled strand in laughter swept

And kissed a rose-lipped shell, and stole away.

Long years have passed and many a storm has flung
The wrecks of gallant ships that beach upon ;
But ever in the shell's deep heart rings on

The music which that laughing wave had sung.

And thus it is, sometimes from life's dull sea,
A joy-lit wave shall swell our souls to claim,
And teach our hearts the music of a name

That fills our lives thro' all the years to be.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Poultrp farming, ana fiou> to l))akc it Pap.

By E. A. Elgee, P.S., A.D.C.

VERY many people keep poultry, but few understand them.
They probably imagine it pays them, but they will have
no figures of expenditure and receipts to prove it. They
may be keeping a dozen good laying hens and a dozen
bad ones and quite forget that the latter cost just as much
to keep as the former, and that, if they had been killed at
first for table purposes, their profits would have been much
larger. " Trap-nests" to find out the regular layers are all im-
portant to chicken farmers. Egg production has now become a
science, and England, who is the largest importer of eggs of any
country, has begun to realize that there are profits to be made
in this connection, provided that .proper attention is given to
such details of management as are contained in this article.
Now, if a profit can be made in the Mother Country by poultry
farmers, how much more ought one to be obtained by those in
' Newfoundland, where the price of eggs is far higher and food-
stuff cheaper, if anything? In St. John's, in the non-laying
months, fresh laid eggs vary from 50 to 60 cents per dozen, and
in the summer months from 20 to 30 cents. In England, in
country districts, rthey seldom fetch more than 40 cents in the
winter and 15 cents in summer. It has been estimated that in
1903 the value of eggs and poultry produced in Great Britain
has increased during the last fifteen years in value by .£2,000,-
ooo, sterling. This means that poultry are now receiving that
scientific treatment which has always been accorded to other
farm stock, and it is from the experiences of business men
engaged in the trade that the following notes are gathered.

There are endless causes of disease amongst poultry, chief
among them being Damp, Draughty Houses, Filth and Care-
less Breeding. The two last mentioned are the most danger-
ous of all and the most easily , remedied. Isolate at once
those who show signs of sickness, or if they are not valuable
birds kill them, It will be cheaper in the end. Appoplexy can
rarely be cured. The best remedy observed is as follows : —
Open the large vein under the wing and hold the bird's head
under a cold water tap for a minute or two; then, if it shows
signs of recovery, feed it sparingly for a few days on soft, light
food — no hard grain — and a dose of five grains of Bromide of
Potassium each day. Bronchitis is the result of exposure to
cold, wet weather and draughts. Isolate all such subjects in a
warm, dry, draughtless house and dose them with one drop of
tincture of Aconite three times a day. Gapes is very similar to
Bronchitis and hard to distinguish. Try first Bronchitis treat-
ment and if not successful, then feed them by hand with a warm
mash, not sloppy, but a crumbly mixture composed of three parts
scalded bran, one part cooked lean meat, and one part each of"
boiled linseed meal with plenty ofr green food and grit of some
kind. In obstinate cases fumigate the patients with a little
Eucalyptus oil on a hot shovel; this will make them cough, but
will do them a great deal of good. In the case of Colds or, in-
deed, illness of any kind isolate the bird at once. A good
preventitive of -colds is to put- a small piece of camphor in each
drinking trough, only on no account must the water be allowed
to dry up or the ca.mpher will evaporate and your labour be
wasted ; and to add a little ground ginger to the soft food. Con-
stipation can be cured by a dose of from ten to thirty grains of
Epsom salts in warm water on an empty stomach and a green
food diet. Cramp, like apoplexy, comes from over-feeding or
from too much fatty matter. To cure, soak the legs in hot mus-
tard water and, when quite warm, rub dry, and then anoint them
first with turpentine and afterwards with vaseline. When the
bird seems to be always trying to^ swallow something, one must
treat for Crop Disease — a teaspoonful of Magnesia in hot water
in first instance and, afterwards, a diet of boiled bran and
boiled linseed meal fed by hand, with plenty of green food.

Diarrhoea can usually be stopped by giving one meal of well-
boiled rice, strained very dry, over which a little powdered chalk
has been sprinkled. Dropsy, which arises from damp, frost
bite, etc., rarely occurs when the birds have plenty of exercise

and have to hunt for their food. A dose of castor oil and food
composed of green stuff and lean meat will cure.

Feather Eating is the result of confinement and insufficient
green food, frost Bite makes the combs black. Light airy, warm
and dry quarters with plenty of green food is the remedy. Their
combs may be dressed with the following ointment : — Vaseline
3, Glycerine 2, and Turpentine l/z table-spoonful.

Scaly Leg is very infectious and easily cured by rubbing the
legs with kerosene, and when the oil has soaked in, with strong
sulphur ointment. Isolate the birds.

To prevent all the above mentioned diseases, observe the fol-
lowing rules. Give your poultry light, airy quarters and scratch-
ing sheds. Vary their food. Use plenty of green food, oyster
shell and grit. Regularly sweep out and lime-wash occasionally
their houses and see that their nests are kept clean.

HOUSING OK POULTRY.

Over-crowding is the greatest drawback to the production of
eggs. It has been proved that a farmer may keep about thirty
hens about the homestead profitably ; but if he increases the
number, without change of method, to one hundred his returns
will be proportionately lessened and the birds will suffer from
disease. From experiments it has been found that flocks of
twenty-five hens, when kept separated, give a higher average of
eggs than when they are massed together in larger numbers.
The explanation is, that in the latter case they do not get suffi-
cient fresh air at roost. It may be mentioned that in F.ngland
moist poultry manure is worth about Sio per ton, and that
twenty-four hens, under ordinary conditions, will yield a ton of
this during the year. To secure this amount it is essential that
the manure shall be well distributed over the land. The plan
oi portable houses, which are easily made, has been found most
conducive to this end, and in addition they can be built to
accommodate flocks of twenty-five. The best models are
on wheels, and can be disconnected so as to rest firmly in the
ground when in position. Perches should all be on the same
level, not more than two feet from the ground and facing the win-
dows. Nest boxes should be on the dark side of the house.
One nest box is necessary for every three hens, and a scratching
shed sheltered from bad weather, as in North America, by
oiled muslin curtains which can be hung up against the roof
when not in use and suspended in front during snow storms.
Peat moss litter is an excellent covering for the ground as it in-
creases their warmth.

THE BEST LAYING BREEDS.

All breeds of hens lay well in spring and summer, but the
object of the poultry farmer is to get a good winter supply of
eggs when the prices are double those obtainable in the summer.
Large householders in St. John's would be probably willing to pay
twenty cents per dozen in the summer months and forty-five
cents during five non-laying months for a regular supply. Com-
pareuthese prices with the fifteen cents and forty cents obtainable
in England and you can judge for yourselves the prospects of a
successful keeper. Now as to the Breed ! Non-sitting hens,
such as the Leghorns, are the most prolific in the course of the
year, but the general purpose or sitting breeds are the best
Winter Layers. Amongst the most popular of these breeds may
be mentioned the Plymouth Rock, Wyandots, Orpington,
Faverolle and Langshan, and, when' -kept under favourable con-
ditions, fowls of an) one of these breeds can be depended upon
for a regular supply of winter eggs.

The " Strain" of a fowl is of as much importance as the breed.
The great American Egg Farmers have actually built up strains
of hens to lay 200 and even 250 eggs per annum in a very few
years. The methods employed are as follows : A record of the
egg-laying capacity of each fowl of the flock is kept by means
of a " trap-nest." The best layers are then selected to mate
with cockerels which have been raised in the previous year from

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY,

pedigree layers. This is common sense — the breeding of pro-
ducers together to secure producers. The laws of inheritance
and transmission are the same with birds as with cattle, sheep,
and horses. Pullets to replace part of the old stock should be
raised so as to be ready to lay at the opening of the winter.
The different breeds vary in this respect. Leghorns and
Minorcas start laying at about five months, whilst pullets of the
larger breeds do not begin until they are seven or eight months.
Pullets that commence laying in June or July and moult in
October (i.e. those hatched in January or February) are spoiled
for winter laying, whilst if they are hatched too late and if they
do not belong to an early maturing breed they cannot be in-
duced to lay in winter and will only start with the approach of
Spring. The most productive period of a hen's life is between
the age of six and eighteen months and it is a general axiom
amongst modern poultry keepers to get rid of laying hens at one
and a half years and to replace them by six months old pullets.
This may be modified to the extent of clearing them off at two
and a half years. The net earnings of laying hens in England
and at English Prices are calculated as follows : ist year, $1.50 ;
2nd year 90 cents, and in the third year the profits would be
very small as the bulk of the eggs would be laid in the spring
and summer.

The Housing of the Hens duiing the Winter Months is of the
utmost importance. The roosting house should be well built, with
a solid foundation, dry floor, roofs and walks proof against damp
and current of cold air. It should be well lighted and ventilated
and to each bird the space of about ten cubic feet ought to be
allowed. In the day time they should have a scratching shed
as described above, so that they can get daily exercise, and the
floor should be well littered with chaff or mill-dust, etc., in which
should be buried or raked a large proportion of the unground
corn which is fed to the hens every day. A busy hen is healthy
and a good layer.

WINTER FEEDING OF LAYING HENS.

No matter how long the inherent instinct to lay may be, and
it is not very strong in the depth of winter, the hen cannot pro-
duce eggs if she is not supplied with suitable food, and the ques-
tion is what foods or combination of foods can be advantageously
and economically fed to promote winter laying ? It is certain
that the profits will be light if the feeding for winter eggs consists
of corn or meals made from corn alone for they are not suffi-
ciently nitrogenous, and do not supply the proper materials for
forming an egg unless they are used in combination with foods
such as milk, ground bone, clover and other vegetables. It is
believed that the reason why hens lay so well in spring and
summer is not because the weather is mild, but because they
generally have a free run and access to foods such as grains,
clover, weeds, worms and insects. However the results of
experiments seem to prove that the following is the best Kegime
to promote winter laying. In the morning about nine o'clock,
when the fowls have come from the roosting house to the ad-
joining scratching shed, they are fed with a few handfuls of
cracked Indian Corn scattered in the litter and they busy them-
selves seeking for this until about eleven o'clock, when they are
fed a full feed of mash — as much as they will eat up from troughs
in half an hour. Make the mash in this way : 30 Ibs. of finely-
cut clover hay is steamed and mixed with 20 Ibs. of barley
meal, 20 Ibs. of Indian meal, 20 Ibs. of bran, 10 Ibs. of cut green
bone, and enough skim milk to form the whole into a stiff mash.
This is mixed a few hours before it is required for use and is
fed warm at the time mentioned. At mid-day a small quantity
of wheat is fed in the litter of the scratching shed — not enough
to make a meal, but sufficient to keep the birds busily employed
until evening, when they are fed with whole grain about an hour
before roosting time. It isadviseable to feed a variety of grains,
not mixed together but one on each evening; wheat, indian corn,
oats, barley and sunflower seeds have been found to be good
foods for promoting winter laying. The object of varying their
diet is to keep the body in good health and in good condition for
the formation of the eggs that the hens are expected to lay.

The following notes may be interesting to those who would
wish to preserve or " pickle " their eggs for use in the season
when they would fetch the greatest price. Waterglass, which is a
solution of silicate of soda, is perhaps the best and it can be

obtained in a concentrated form. Eggs for preservation should
be treated as soon as possible after they are laid but not until
they have been cooled. An egg has a greater food value when
twenty-four hours old than when it is a week old. Eggs from hens
with full liberty and fed chiefly upon grain have been found to
keep better than others. Again infertile eggs keep better than
those containing a living germ. Preserved eggs sho'uld be kept
in a cellar, preferably, where the temperature is not more than
forty-five degrees (Fahrenheit) or less than thirty-three degrees.
The best months for preserving are March, April, May and June.
" Summer Eggs" do not keep so well. A bad egg can easily be
told by holding it between a strong light and the eye. All dark
eggs, or those showing spots or black shadows, are bad.

ARTIFICIAL HATCHING OF CHICKENS.

In America and England huge plants are to be found, where
30,000 to 40,000 birds are hatched out. And on account of the
greater variations in temperature of the former country, it will
be best to follow the methods employed there. Incubator houses
are partly under ground, and so a cellar would be the best place
in Newfoundland : but it must be well ventilated and sweet.
Now as to the incubators. Much controversy has arisen as to
the relative merits of tank and hot air machines, and ,it is inter-
esting to know that, from most exhaustive trials of both, there
has been found little difference in their respective merits. In
this Colony the tank incubator would probably be the best, as it
has the advantage of being able to meet great variations in tem-
perature. Two lessons learnt from the above trials are, (i)
Better results are obtained when the incubator is not packed
with eggs to its full capacity ; (2) The better the ventilation the
better the results. The tank machines used were Hearson's
Champion and Tamlin's Non-Pareil, and there is very little to
chose between them.

POULTRY FATTENING.

Before closing this article, mention should be made of a very
paying industry in connection with poultry keeping, viz. : poultry
cramming. The three systems most known are roughly (i) to
keep birds without exercise and to allow them to feed on fatten-
ing food; (2) to cram them by hand with pellets of mash moist-
ened in skim milk, and (3) to cram them by means of a cram-
ming machine which, with the aid of an india rubber tube, injects
into the crop of the bird a mash similar to that employed in
No. 2, but in a semi-liquid form. The subjoined table will show
the effect of the different methods. It should be mentioned that
the " cramming" was only employed the last ten days, and with
Lot No. 3.

Lot
No.

No. of
Turkey
Cockerels

Weight
on
Nov. 20.

Weight
on
Dec. 5.

Weight
on
Dec. 15.

Total
Increase
in 21 days.

Average
Increase
in 2 1 days.

Ibs.

Ibs. oz.

170

189 8

198 o

28 0

2 12

171

191 o

205 o

34 °

3 6

170

190 o

212 8

42 8

4 4

From the above it will be seen what an advantage the machine
has over other methods. It can be employed with hens (how-
ever old) even to more advantage than with turkeys, and, in
addition, is not expensive. Any body interested to see the
machine at work and to obtain any information, with regard to
price, etc., should apply to the writer of this paper.

BLOW, blow, March winds, blow !

Blow us April, if you please,
Blow away the .cold white snow,

Blow the leaves out on the trees.
Blow the ice from off the brooks,

Set their merry waters free ;
Blow dead leaves from woodsy nooks

Show the violets to me.
Do all this, — 'twill be but play :
Then— please blow yourself away.

I'AIT. CLARKE.

S. S. ROSALIM! — RKI) (ROSS LINE.

ClK Red Cross One

Sailing Between

Dew Jtork, Halifax, IX s.t and st 30^% D.

IRessrs. Baroep $ Co., flgents for Returoundland.

CAPT. FARRKI.L.

S. S. SILVIA — RED CROSS LINE.

— ll

From t/ic Reid'NfK'fnnndland L'o'sl\

BURIN.

[Co Ik 'ft 'ion of Photos.

Front the Reid- Newfoundland Co's.~\

HOLYROOD.

{Collection of Pan i>s.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Deutfoundland Dante-Core.

By Most Rev. M. F. How ley, D.D.

XII.

Southward from C. Freels we encounter two im-
portant names which, no doubt have a history, but I have
no information concerning them. These are Greet? s Pond
^t and Pool Island and Harbor. The former name is of
great antiquity. We find it first appearing (as far as my
knowledge goes) on the map of Hermann Moll ( 1735). It was
a place of importance, having a court of justice as far back as
1784. Pool's Island and Harbor may very probably have re-
ceived its name from some of the West Country planters or
merchants from Poolc, the well-known seaport of Dorsetshire,
from which pl.ice came many of our old-time merchants, such
as the Spuniers, Slades, and others.

Coming Southward from Green's Pond we find, in Bonavista
Bay, a harbour and island named Trinity, but as this is but a
little known place, I \\ill pass it by at present so as not to cause
confusion with the well-known capital of the Grand B.iy of
Trinity. The Island of Cottel's, now called St. Brendan's, has
already been alluded to and fully discussed in Article No. II. of
this series. At the bottom of Bonavista Bay, there are two long
indrafts or " Sounds." The more southerly one i.s named

" CI.ODK SOUND,"

the meaning of which name I do not know up to the present
time. The more northerly is called " Freshwater Bay," a trite
name. But there flows into this sound, the

CAMHO RIVKR,

out of Gambo Pond. In Article VIII., while tracing the origin
of the name " Njtre D.ime B.iy," I stated my belief that it is a
torruption of the old name " Baia de las G im.is" — the Bay of
the Does, or female deer, a name which appears on our oldest
maps. 1 think it quite probable that tl.is name of Gambo is but
a corrupt foim of this name.

Coning to.virJj tiia so'jtlisr.i s!urj of Bja.ivista Bay, we
mjjt with srns names of histori; significance. I am indebted
tj Mr. 'M. A. Devine, Editor of the Trade Review, for much
valuable information concerning King's Core and its neigh-
borhood.

PLATE COVE

is most probably named from the formation of the land around
the harbour. It slopes up gradually all round, something after
the shape of a dish or soup-plate. It is this same idea which
suggested to the French the name of Tasse dt L1 Argent, (cup,
or bowl, or dish, of silver) in Placentia Bay. ' The same idea
suggested the name of the Punch-bowl or the " Devil's Punch-
bowl," a name common in Ireland and elsewhere. It may be
also remarked that the French name for flat or level \sp/atte.
Thus the "flat islands" in Placentia B.iy are marked on French
maps as " Les lies Plattes."

To the North East of Plate Cove lies

OPEN HALL.

This place was formerly called Open Hole, but it has been
changed to its present name, partly (or euphony, and partly to
commemorate the lavish hospitality of the Shears's and the
Long's of sixty years ago, who were the fishermen-princes of
the place. The descendants of these worthy old planters who

occupy the place to-day have lost nothing of the geniality and
hospitality of their ancestors.

Rounding " Western Head" we come to the well known
harbour of

KEELS.

We find this name on very old maps. On some (e.g. Michael
Lok, 1 582) it is given in Latin as Carenas, afterwards corrupted
into C. (Cape) Arenas. On Cook's map, 1775, '* seems to oc-
cupy the place of King's Cove, which latter name is not given.
Keels is supposed to be called from the pieces of timber found
there in the early days, which are supposed to have been parts
of the keels of Norwegian barks lost in the neighborhood long
before the days of Columbus or (Jabot. Bishop Mullock in his
'• Lectures on Newfoundland" (p. 6.) says: " * * * It is very
improbable that so many accounts of voyages would be pre-
served, the names of the discoverers and navigators : the birth
of some of the children recorded : the wreck of one of their
ships on Keelerness, Kell, Cape, or Ship Cove, and the locality
marked, out, now Keels in Bonavista Bay . . . if it all were
the work of imagination." Since this was written (1860) the
authenticity of the Norse voyages has been placed beyond doubt
by the discovery of ihe Sagas, and briefs from the Vatican
Library. The identification, however, of Keels in Bonavista
Bay has not been so clearly proved. The origin of the name
Kialarness (keel nose, or promontory) is thus given in the Saga
of Eric Ruacl (the red). " The next summer, (being A.D. 1004)
'.' Thorvalcl with a portion of his company, in the great ship,
." coasted along the eastern shore, and passed round the land
'• to the northward. They were then driven by a storm against
'• a neck of land, and the ship was stranded ; the keel was
" damaged. Remaining here for some time, they repaired their
" ship. Then Thorvald said to his companions : Now let us
" fix up the keel on this neck of land, and let us call the place
" Kialarness."

About four and a half miles south of Keels, and half mile
north of King's Cove there is a small cove or gulch named

'• OAK-STICK. GULCH."

It is so named from a large oak balk, firmly fixed in a fissure of
the cliff just above high-water-mark. This stick has certainly
been there for over 150 years. It is said by the old folk to be
part of the cargo of a vessel lost there in what is known as
" Pymer's Gale," the date of which is not certain. The stick is
quite sound to-day. Mr. Devine has a paper cutter made from
the wood of it. The" balk is so firmly imbedded in the cliff that
it is impossible to remove it. We now come to King's Cove.

KING'S COVE.

The inhabitants of this" town are strong advocates of its great
antiquity and historic importance. They firmly believe that it
was the first landing place of Cabot, who called it " King's
Cove or Royal Port" in honor of his generous (?) patron, the
Tudor Monarch, Henry VII., who rewarded him by the dona-
tion of " io/. to hym that found the new isle." It is the only
safe harbour between Bonavista Cape and Plate Cove, and " if
Cabot steered into Bonavista Bay at all, and kept the shore in
view to port," he must have fetched up at King's Cove. At all
events King's Cove is known to be one of the earliest settled
parts of the Island. James McBraier, Esq., founder of the
Benevolent Irish Society, did business there in 1800.

t M. F. HOWLEY.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

CDc educational Outlook in Dcutfoundland.

By Rev. L. Curtis, M.A., D.D.

0R. WILLIAM JAMES, Professor of Philosophy at Har-
vard University, has said that he looks forward with no
little confidence to the day when the United States of
America will lead the education of the world. He bases
is expectation largely upon their exceptionally fine com-
mon school system, the independence of their colleges
and universities, and the happy relationship which each class of
schools sustains to the others. Dr. James is no mere dreamer ;
he is a philosopher and a logician, and his words should not be
regarded as ordinary American spread-eagleism. He argues
that as their present educational conditions are probably the
best in the world, the fruits of those conditions should be cor«
respondingly satisfactory. If his premise be correct, we cannot
object to his conclusion. Indeed, in all such reasoning, the cue
to our expectations of the future should be the conditions of the
present, unless some modifying circumstance is anticipated.

In considering therefore the educational outlook in New-
foundland we must start with things as they are. The question
then is, what of our present educational condition ? Is it in all
respects satisfactory ? And may we reasonably claitn,that ad-
vancing along the same lines a great future awaits us? Terence
used to say, " So many men, so many minds. Every man in
his own way." One can only reason from his own point of
outlook and reach his own conclusions. And to begin with, it
is worthy of notice that not a single condition upon which Dr.
James based his expectations of a great future for American
education, obtains in this Colony. We have not what is known
as common schools ; we have not what may be regarded as
independent higher educational institutions. We have the
denominational system of education and, presumably, to stay.
For weal or woe we have reached a time in the history of the
world when King Demos rules. Even the Czar of all the Rus-
sias is obliged to bow to the will of the people, or take the con-
sequences; and the remembrance of the fate of his father will
probably have its due effect. And so. far as outward and visible
signs may be taken as evidence, King Demos has willed that
the demoninational system of education shall obtain in this
Colony. No Government could survive that would attempt to
make a change without a mandate from the people ; and there
is at present absolutely no indication that any such mandate
will be given. Our outlook for the future of education in this
Colony, therefore, must be from the denominational standpoint.
In view of this fact, it is cause for genuine satisfaction that a
word of commendation can be spoken concerning the work that
is being done by not a few of the schools of the Colony. Indeed,
one of the most remarkable features of the history of the Colony
during the past ten years is the progress of education. The
English examiners for the Council of Higher Education, in
1901, bore voluntary testimony to this fact in the following
words: — " We have again conducted examinations for the New-
" foundland Council of Higher Education, and whether it is the
" influence of these examinations or not, we certainly do find
" the standard of Education in that Colony has enormously im-
" proved since we first conducted them there seven years ago."
There is no reason whatever to doubt that this statement is cor-
rect and that much of the progress made is due to the operations
of the C. H. E. Nor have we any reason to suppose that the
improvement will not continue. Indeed the records of the

C. H. E. indicate a very decided advance in numbers almost
every year. In 1900 there was a total of 686 passes; in 1901,
708; in 1902, 829; in 1903, 804; and in 1904, 866; and the
improvement in the quality of the work has doubtless kept pace
with the increase in the number of passes. From facts and
figures available from the records of the C. H. E, alone,
therefore, it can be seen that the outlook educationally is bright
with promise.

And then it must be remembered that a new and important
feature has recently been introduced into our school work ; I
refer to Manual Training. There are, it seems to me, splendid
possibilities for the boys of the future in this new departure.
To the casual observer, the value of Manual Training is usually
estimated by the safety, ease and efficiency with which boys are
trained to handle tools. And were there nothing more than
this in that training, it certainly would be of great value as a
supplement to tl.e store of knowledge obtained from books.
But this is, in reality, not the most important advantage. To
the psychologist, the principal value of Manual Training is
found in the increase of intellectual power obtained by a devel-
opment of a part of the brain, which but for this would remain
uncultivated. So that when the system of Manual Training be-
comes general — which let us hope is not far distant — the boys
of Newfoundland will enjoy the advantages of an intellectual
equipment hitherto unknown in the Colony.

But when everything possible has been said in favor of the
work that is being and will be accomplished, it is impossible
not to entertain the opinion that the educational outlook would
be more hopeful had we a different system. The fact is we
have in Newfoundland denominationalism run to weeds. Take
as an illustration the grant for Manual Training. The total
vote of $3,000 is sub-divided on the per cap ut basis, as follows:
Roman Catholic, $1,038.07; Church of England, $997.35;
Methodist, $838.61; Salvation Army, $90.08; Presbyterian,
$20.45; Congregational, $13.03; others, $2.41; and so with
regard to every grant, large or small, made for any department
of educational work. And the tendency is to increase the
number. Until 1901, the Salvation Army grant was used by
Protestant schools in operation in their localities ; but since that
time, they operate separate schools. And if other religious
teachers should drift to our shores, such as Dunkards, Mennon-
ites or Shakers, and prevail upon enough of our weak-minded
people to join them, we should forthwith have still further
divisions of these grants.

Now from the stand-point of educational efficiency can any-
thing be more absurd ? And yet, this is the foundation upon
which Newfoundland is trying to erect an educational structure
in the twentieth century ! The weakness resulting from these
manifold divisions is felt to some extent throughout the entire
system ; though in places where Superior Schools are possible
it is not so manifest as elsewhere. It is in places where schools
of the lowest grade exist that it is most keenly felt to-day, though
we are nearing a time when its effects will be manifest also at
the highest end of the ladder. In small places where two or
three schools operate at a poor dying" rate for two or three
months each, instead of one efficient school for the whole year,
the evil ot the system speaks for itself; and yet, although there
are scores of such places in the Colony, the provision of the
Act for Amalgamated Schools is almost entirely ignored. Need-
less to say, hundreds of the children of those settlements are
doomed to comparative ignorance.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

1 1

At the upper end of the ladder, the weakness will t be increas-
ingly felt in the lack of an institution for advanced work. We
have to-day three Colleges doing effective class work to the
standard of university matriculation. This seems to be the ex-
tent for which available funds enable them to provide suitable
staff and equipment; and, indeed, for this work, additional
income would be very welcome.

Now it cannot be denied that were provision made for a year
or two of university work, not a few who seek that training in
other lands would obtain it at home, and others who at present
see nothing beyond the A.A. of the C. H. E. or University
Matriculation, and leave school, would gladly continue their
studies. But what are the prospects for this in existing circum-
stances? Is it conceivable that the Legislature will make large
grants for university training on denominational lines while every
class of existing institutions, from the colleges to the lowest
schools, is in need of additional funds, and clamoring for them?
To my mind it is absolutely inconceivable. It is extremely
doubtful indeed whether, even with all denominations uniting
upon the subject and agreeing to support one such institution,
it would be wise for the Legislature to assume any considerable
part of the financial obligations, while the need of improved
general education is so pressing. The percentage of university
students in the most favoured countries is very small ; and it is
a safe and wise, as well as generally accepted, principle that
large public expenditure should benefit the many rather than
the few. As a rule institutions of higher learning are provided
and largely sustained by men of wealth. But whatever hope
there may be for such an institution if all unite, there would
seem to be none, at present certainly, apart from united effort.
Whether therefore our educational outlook be considered from
the standpoint of advanced education or elementary schools,
some modification of our present system seems necessary if the
pressing needs of Newfoundland boys and girls are to be met.

In Ifletnoriam.

[OUR many countrymen abroad will have heard with regret of the death
of MRS. ROGERSON, lovingly and familiarly known under the nom de plume
of " Isabella." The deceased lady was of the good old Whiteford family,
sister of the late James and William Whiteford, and shared with them the
esteem and regard of Newfoundlanders of all classes and creeds. The
deceased lady was gifted with more than ordinary ability as a " singer of
sweet strains," and her pen and voice were ever at the service of New-
foundland, and everything calculated to raise or advance her interests. In
seasons of joy, as at the glad Christmas times, or in times of sorrow or
death, the pent-up feelings of the people found vent in the songs of Isabella.
Many a sorrowing home was brightened by her musical messages of cheer
and hope, and faith in the Great Creator. Her kindness and sympathy
could always be relied on by the local journals, and the QUARTERLY, on
several occasions, had the pleasure of delivering her messages to its
readers. It is meet now that we, joining in sympathy with the many who
mourn her, give voice to her Requiem in the accompanying verses, — a
pleasing tribute to the dead poetess from the pen of one of the most gifted
of our younger writers.]

By Daniel Carroll.
IT moves along the city street,
A cortege sad, and in its train
The leaders of the land ;
There, men of toil with toilers meet,

And in hushed accents, once again,
With many a tribute fair, they tell
How long they knew her, and how well,
This gifted child of Newfoundland,

The poetess, Isabel.
******

" What form is this which cleaves the clear, ,

Blue Heaven, and comes on joyous wings ?

What other form unto him clings ?"
An angel asks his angel peer. •

And clear as peal from silver bell,
Across the ether space it rings,
An answer to those questionings :

" From Earthly woes escaped I come ;

I bear a sweet, strong singer Home —

The poetess Isabel."
St. John's, Feb. 6, 1905.

Cbe Dead Singers,

By Newfoundlander (in U. S. A.)

•' Christ save us all from a death like this."

—The Wreck of the Hesperus,.

FOUR young men — cousins — had gone shooting sea-birds,
in Conception Bay, many years ago. 'Twas a lovely calm
morning when they started, but suddenly a blizzard sprang
up. Skipper George Barbury, the father of two of the boys and
uncle of the others, tells how his eldest son, after battling in
vain with the tempest, " gave hisself up to his God an' laid
<; down and put his tired arms round his brother, an' so ...
" there was four dead men in their boat waitin' on the Beach o'
" Broad Cove, tull some one 'ould come an' take their poor
" bodies an' strip away the ice from 'em an' put 'em in the
" ground, .that comes more natural, in a mariner, sir, . . .
" People that lived on Bell Isle h'ard si;.-!.;' goin' by in the
" dark, like chantin' we have in the Church. They said 'twas
" beautiful, comiir up an' dyun aw'y, an' so goin' \\i' the wind.
•: It's very like, sir, as Paul an' Silas sang in prison, so they
" sang in storm."

— Skipper George's Story.

Bell Isle iii rugged beauty,

Sat mirror'd on the breast
Of the waters of Conception ;

And old ocean lay at rest.
Its sun-lit surface pictured

Snowy shores that fringed the Bay,
'Twas a perfect winter picture

On that perfect winter's day.

But it darkened to the Nor'r'd,

And the feathery snow-flakes spread;
The storm-king rode the waters,

Moaned the icy air in dread.
Of a sudden, burst the blizzard

And the day grew black as nighr,
The cliffs flung back the surges,

And defied their angry might.

Between the boist'rous storm blasts,

Rise voices clear but dim;
Comes floating on the tempest,
The sweet old evening hymn,
" Abide with me

Fast falls the even tine,
The darkness deepens

LordJ with me abide."
The plaintive chaunt is drown'd

By the roaring, seething .sea,

But anon the strains float faintly

" Oh, Lord, abide with me."

The morrow's sunrise pictured

Yet another perfect day, —
Mute in death on the icy beach

The frozen singers lay.
Heaven's glory for them had dawn'd.

The Lord had heard their cry,
Beyond the deep'ning darkness

They abide with Him on High.
*****

When again the angry tempests
Lash to wrath the cruel sea,

Be merciful, O Christ, to all,
Who on the wint'ry water's be;

Through gloom encircling lead them,
And, — Lord, — abide with me.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Cifc at an Outport-lmprcssions.

By Rev. A. W<_

IMPRESSIONS" is the word for a new-comer. Only
last summer the writer came from the land of the
" Maple Leaf"; and he knows his inability to learn so
soon all the undercurrents of " life at an outport" ; and
he does not wish to mark out those already traced.
Besides, he has been so thoroughly satisfied with life at Harbor
Grace that he has not visited any other outport beyond the
limit of a " spin" on air. He his not even been tempted to
visit the Metropolis of our Island Home. So he has taken the
liberty of slightly altering the subject suggested by the NFLD.
QUARTERLY. It must be merely Impressions, and a few of them.
One afternoon affords sufficient impressions for a biograph
and a volume. From the first view of Harbor Grace, seen from
above Riverhead, to the " Gordon Lodge," scene follows scene

REV. A. W. LEWIS, H.A., K.D.

too rapidly to inspire speech. One sits entranced, wishing first to
" develop" the views before he " prints" them for another eye.
A beautiful harbor! At its entrance, six miles out, Harbor
Grace Island and Salvage Rock stand centinels. To Concep-
tion Bay their attitude is firm, — Thus far let thy jurisdiction
come. Fringing this lovely she^t of water are the homes of
6,000 human beings, besides others. The train glides up the
grade, near Christ's Church, close behind the " Kirk," and halts

above St. Paul's,

" Beloved of pious worshippers,

The pride of all the town."

To the left, a few points east, stands the new Methodist Church,
beautiful in its bridal dress. And next to that rise the tall
spires of the Cathedral, whose bell calls to " Vespers." Back of
the Railway Station, and still higher, are the Athletic Grounds,
commanding an excellent view of the Town and Southside, the
Harbor and the Bay, and the purple hills of farthest Avalon.
From this standpoint life at this outport in summer is ideal.

As the stranger drives along the streets, he is charmed by the
quaintness of certain portions. The fences, woven of rods ; the
goats, with their yokes ; the dogs, with their checks ; and the far-
famed ponies, with their carts, — all are characteristic of an out-
port. In winter, " slides" and sliders illustrate locomotion by
dog-power. The " wheelman," who in summer had skimmed

Lewis, B.A., B.D.

the smooth and level streets, now plods his weary way, like a
clogged eagle.

The summer visitor from the oppressive air of an American
city revels here in the sweet, invigorating breath of undiluted
Neptune. Pallid cheeks take on the flush of health. Languid
muscles become tense with the joy of life. And over-taxed
nerves rest, like an accusing conscience that has found peace.
As the electric light illumines our homes, so health and happi-
ness illumine life.

Tourists need not expect here the marvels of the Humber ;
but the less ambitious may revel in the open spaces with the rod
and reel. If they do not basket many speckled beauties, they
may rejoice in the exercise and sport, the air and the scenery.
One afternoon last summer the writer landed with his "fly"
three handsome trout, the largest about three pounds. Ah,
there are hills too, long and steep! They are grand to view,
wearisome to mount, and perilous to descend on a " wheel."
List summer a Medical Doctor was taken in charge by his
"cycle" and hurriedly dismissed, headlong, with costs. The
chain of a Government -official took the right crank and the
official the wrong dismount. But the hills must be taken with
the trout. The writer on one occasion spoke unadvisedly of
the fish he had caught. He was promptly corrected by a rising
youth that peered into the brsket, "Dem's not fish; dem's
trout." In winter boys and girls slide about the streets on
skates; the older folk without them.

It is the people that makes the place. The hospitality of the
Harbor Gracuns is known abroad, and doubtless that of other
outports. The writer has proved it to ba unbounded. The
friends '• take one in" with a cordiality that knows no limits;
and the beggars try to • take one in" with equal zeal. The
latter fiiendship is rapidly Hearing the vanishing point; the
f >nner grows with growing comforts. Town life is greatly
benefited by educative and refining Societies. In these one
meets hundreds, to their mutual benefit. Harbor Grace has a
comfortable, well-lighted, and well stocked Reading Room.
Every morning the electric wires bring their messages to us
from the ends of th£ earth. And we feel like asking, Is Harbor
Grace an Outport ?

St. Andrew's Manse, Harbor Grace, February, 1905.

nightmare.

By Robert Gear MacDonald.
ONE wretched night the poppied anodynes,
I used to deaden memory, failed to keep
My soul within that barren land where sleep
Brings forth no dreams; and, far beyond its lines,
Through groves where many a poisoned vision twines,
I was set wandering; — towards me saw I sweep
Her I had loved : she did not smile or weep,
But passed as one who no man's face divines.
Then I was 'ware that it must still be thus
In day's white land, or on the night's sad shore ;
In market-place, or dream-paths tortuous ;
She'll greet me still with the same scorn she bore.
And I awoke with limbs all tremulous,
And lips that cried, God, let me dream no more !

-THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

RED CROSS LIND

SAILING BETWEEN

New York, Halifax, N. S., and St. John's, N. F.

For a short vacation, the
round trip by one of these
steamers is hard to beat, and
is cheap enough to suit the
most modest purse.

O^^N-i-N

AGENTS :

HARVEY & Co.,

and BOWRINO BROS. LTD.,

St. John's, N. F.
G. S. CAMPBELL & Co.,

Halifax, N. S.
Bcnvkixc & Co.,

17 State Street,

New York.

UP-TO-DATE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION.

Rates — To New York, Single. . . .$34.00; Return. . . .$60.00; Steerage . . . .$13.00; Return. . . .$25.00
" Halifax, .... 18.00; .... 34.00; .... 6.00; .... 12.00

Freight Carried at Through Rates to all Points*

ST. JOHN'S,.
NEWFOUNDLAND

T. A. THEATRE,

• ' '-:; x
. . . . Is fully equipped for. . . .

Theatricals, Operas, Concerts, and Lectures.

STACK — with a complete set of Scenery to suit all Dramatic Performances — is, height, 26 feet ;
depth, 25 x 56 feet. Tie-floor Gallery, Five Dressing Rooms, One Piano; Two Private Boxes. Opera
Chairs, 400; Gallery, 350; Pit, 600; Total, 1,350 seating capacity. Heated by Steam, Lighted by Gas
and Electric Light. Entrances to all parts of Theatre by Henry Street.

For further particulars as to open dates, rent, etc., apply to

JAMES J. BATES, President.
or GEO. J. COUGHLAN, Secretary.

Thomas Smyth,

Wholesale Dealer in

Provisions, Groceries, fruit, Etc.

Head McBride's Hill, Duckworth Street, St. John's, Nfld.

M. IV. FURLONG, K.C.

J. M. KENT, K.C.

FURL ONG & KENT,

=^ » *

BARRISTERS and SOLICITORS.
DUCKWORTH STREET, ST. JOHN'S.

-14

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

St. John's T. A. & B. Society,

Photo fir /„.,. ;>,..
K. J. Undy. ist A.V.P.

W. J. Ellis, M.C, M.H.A., W. F. Kelly, znd A.V.P.

Vice-President.

M. J. Summers, ist Treasurer, .las. J. Bates, President. P. J. Hanley, 2nd Treasurer.

G. .1. Coughlau. Secretary. Rev. W. J. H. Kitchen, Ph.D., N. J. Murphy, Grand Marshal.

Spiritual UiiectOi.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Officers of tbe St. John's Cotal abstinence and Benefit Society.

ON the opposite page we give the picture of the Officers of
the St. John's Total Abstinence and Benefit Society for 1905,
which is a copy of a photograph taken to accompany congratu-
latory addresses to Sister Societies in Canada. The following
are the notes on the different Officers i

JAMES J. BATES, President, was elected to office in 1895,
and have been elected to office for ten years in succession.
He occupies the responsible position of storekeeper with
the firm of Messrs. Baird, Gordon & Co., and he is highly
esteemed by the members of the Society and the general
public of St. John's.

WILLIAM J. ELLIS, M. C., M. H.A., Vice-President, was
elected to office for seven years in succession. He was elected
a City Councillor at the Municipal Election, and at the last
General Election was returned to the House of Assembly by a
large majority for the District of Ferryland. Mr. Ellis has
.proved himself one of the most energetic of our City Councillors,
and the people of Ferryland District will find him to be an
energetic and painstaking representative. He is very popular
in the Society, and is a total abstainer since early boyhood.

EDWARD J. LANDY, ist Assistant Vice-President, has been
elected to office for several years, and is most popular with the
younger members of the Society. He occupies a position as
salesman in the employ of the Royal Stores, Limited.

WILLIAM F. KELLY, and Assistant Vice-President, has
held the office for two years, and occupies the high position of
Chairman of T. A. Club. He is a very energetic worker and
most popular with the members that visit the Club rooms.

MICHAEL J. SUMMERS, Treasurer, has been elected to
office for a number of years and is looked upon as an ideal
Treasurer. He is well and widely known as a business man
of good standing, and has been closely identified with local
charities as Treasurer of St. Vincent de Paul Society.

PHILIP J. HANLEY, 2nd Treasurer, has occupied that posi-
tion for a number of years, and is one of the most popular
members in the Society. He is always foremost in every social
event. Mr. Hanley is a hustler at the painting business, and
commands a fair share of patronage both in St. John's and in
many of the outports.

GEORGE J. COUGHLAN, Secretary, has been elected ten
years in succession to that office. He is a favourite with all
the members, as is evidenced by the large vote put up for him
on the last election. He also occupied the position of Secretary
of the Cadet Corps Committee since its inception. He is
Secretary and Accountant in the Constabulary and Fire Depart-
ment Office.

NICHOLAS J. MURPHY, the respected Grand Marshal, has
held the office for a number of years. He is a most energetic
officer and takes a great interest in all matters appertaining to
the welfare of the Society.

REV. W. J. H. KITCHEN, PH. D.. was appointed Spiritual
Director about two years ago. He is very highly respected and
take a deep interest in the welfare of its members. He has
given a series of Lectures and is a great advocate of Total
Abstinence.

From the Reid-Newfoundland G'<0'j.]

\Colleclion of Photos.

LITTLE RIVER. CODROY.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

The Walk-Over
Shoe.

JACKMAN Ttie Tailor,

Sole Agent.

This is a
Vic Calf

"Knob" Last

WALK-OVER.

Price, $4.5O.

Dressy Shoe for

Spring and Summer,

Ml DEfAKTMLNI.-"flR[ ALARM TELEGRAPH.

EASTERN D!STS!CT.

NO. LOCATION or BOXES.

12 — Temperance Strsvt, fi.ct Si;.;ii:il-lnll Road.
ij -' actory Lane.

14 — Water Stieet, foot Cod'.rane Street.
. 15 — Duckworth Street, cornel King's Road.

16 — Cocbrane Stieet. cotncr (urner Street.

17 Colonial Stieet. coinei Bond Stu-et.

18 — Water Street, East.

iia — Inside Hospital. I-'oixst Road, s]>ei,ial box.

113 — Penitentiary, corner Ouidi Vidi Road.

114 — Military Road, coiner King's Bridge Road

115 — Circular Road, corner Bannerman Road.

116 King's Bridge Rd . neai Railway dossing

117 -Opposite Government House (late.

118 — Rennie's Mill Road.

CENTRAL DISTRICT.

-Head Garrison Hill.

-Water Street, foot I'rescott Street.

-Water Street, foot Mi-Bride's Hill.

Govver Mieet. comer I'rescott Street.
-< 'ourt ' oust: Hill.

-Duckworth Stieet, corner NewGower Street.
-Cathedral Square, foot (iarrison Hill.

Long's Hill, and coiner Livingstone Street.
-Militaiy Ri ad. Ra\vlins' ( ross.
-Haywaid Avenue, corner \\illiam Street.
-Maxse Street.

-(iate Roman Catholic Orphanage, Belvedere.
-Cartel's Hill and Cookstown Road.
-Lime Stieet and Wickfoid Court.
-Flesh water Road and Cookstown Road.
-' cott Stieet. coiner Cock ^ treet.
-Inside Savings' Hank, special box.
-!• lemming Stieet.

-Queen's Road, corner Allen's Square.
-Centre Cartel's Hill.

3'-
3-
34-
35-
36-
37
3»-
39-

3'2'

3'3-
331-

33?-

334-

335-

336-

337

338

43"

"44-

45-

WESTERN DISTRICT.

-Water Street, foot Adelaide Street. '.', )

-New Gower Stieet, coiner Queen Street.

-\\aldegiave and Cieorge Street.

-Water Street, foot Springdale Street.

-Water Street, foot Patrick Stieet.

-Head Pleasant Stieet.

-Brazil's Square, corner Casey Street.

-Inside Boot & Shoe factory, special box.

-Horwoqd Factory.

-LeMarchant Rd., head Springdale St. :

-LeMarchant Rd., head Barter's Hill.

-Pleasant Street.

-Patrick Street, corner Hamilton Street.

-Inside Poor Asylum, special box.

-Torpey's. Cross Roads, Riveihead.

-Hamilton Avenue, corner Sudbury Street.

-Hower Hill, corner Duggar? Street.

- Southside. near Long Bridge.

-Central Southside.

-Dry Dock.

-Southside. West*.

-Road near Lovv"ft£ynndee Premises.

On the discovery of a tire. ^> i.> c u u-a -j^t .fi)^. D/J.I c tiie 'la;

go and listen for the working ol the machinery in the bi>x. If you d

CAUTION.— Persons wilfully giving false alarms, or damaging tl-

" FIRE OUT SIGNAL."— Two strokes on the Urge Hell, repeated

<. nice tiij Kjy. n ie.i the door ol the large box, and give the alarm !j/ puiung t \t J jot ju i.« -:iJ ' tj n 0 i:e. iien let
0 not hear it, pull aga n. After giving the alarm, remain at the box, so as to direct the Fire i|||gade where to go.
e Kire Alarm apparatus, will be rigorously prosecuted,
three times, thus: [1— II— II.

JOHN R. McCOWeiV, Inspector-General.

C. NURSE.

C. AUSTIN.

NURSE & CO.,

^ Ship and Sanitary
Plumbers, ^ ,
Gasfitters, &c.

Estimates cheerfully given on al! work in the above line.

All orders personally attended
to and satisfaction guaranteed.

129 Gower Street, St. John's, Newfoundland

Pailor, Dining and
Office Furniture.

Church Seats.

Venetian Blinds
Made to Order.

T. MARTIN,^

Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer,

38 New Cower Street.

Repairing Furniture Horses and Vans for

a Speciality. Removing Pianos, &c.

JOB

PRINTING D F

EVERY KIND

NEATLY EXECUTED.

Besides other additions to our Job Department, we have imported
one of the Latest and Most Up to-Date Job Presses in this, or
any other country, for Small Forms of Printing. We are now prepared
to receive orders for any Job" of Printing, from a Visiting Card to any
Job covering a surface of 12 x 18 inches. This magazine is a fair

sample of our woik.

12 x 18
JOHN J. EVANS,

-,4 I'rescott Stieet.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

OK "Dead Christ."

E. M. White.

READING an article in the Irish Penny Journal, of date
igth December, 1840, dealing with the life and work of
the artist Hogan, my thoughts-very naturally ran in the
<£ direction of the statue of the Dead Christ, beneath the
Altar of our Roman Catholic Cathedral. And not a few of our
people may be interested in this remarkable Irishman, whose
chisel and genius gave us this almost incomparable piece of statu-
ary and whose character as a sculptor caused him to be honored
by the highest tribunal in the City of Arts, with a tribute of ap-
probation never before bestowed on a native of the British Isles,
in unanimously electing him — without solication or anticipation
on his part — a member of the oldest Academy of the Fine Arts
in Europe, that which enrolled among its members the divine
Raphael, and all the illustrious artists of the age of Leo, and
which holds its meetings upon their graves — the Academy of
the Virtuosi del Pantheon.

Hogan was born at Talloa, in the County of Waterford, in the
year 1800. He received but an ordinary school education,
though a scion of a noble and blue-blooded race, and in the
year 1812 was placed by his father under an attorney in Cork,
named Michael Foote. After two years of this, which has been
called the '• unhappy period of his existence," the soul that
revolted against Law was given to the Arts, and an Artist he
became.

Entering as an apprentice in the office of Sir Thomas Deane,
of Cork, where he was employed in the capacity of draughtsman
and carver of models with a view of becoming an architect, his
first production was a carving in wood of a female skeleton the size
of life, on which a Dr. Woodroffe was able to lecture his pupils,
as if it were, what it actually seemed, a real skeleton in form and
color. Under Woodroffe's tuition our subject studied the ana-
tomic art for several years.

In 1816 a society for promoting the Fine Arts was formed in
Cork, and to which through the solicitation of influential Irish-
men in 1818, the Prince Regent was induced to present a selec-
tion of the finest casts from the antique statues which had been
presented him as a gift by the Roman Pontiff ; the value of
which this " inartistic" Prince but little appreciated.

The presence of these newly acquired treasures of ancient
art, which consisted of one hundred and fifteen subjects, selected
by Canova, and cast under his direction, kindled a flame in
Hogan's mind never to be extinguished; and to this study he
devoted the fervor of heart and soul till 1823, when that critical
writer of the period on works of art — William Paulett Carey
(afterwards Sir William) — on a visit to the gallery of the Cork
Society, " accidentally saw a small figure or torso carved in pine
timber, which had fallen down under one of the benches." " On
taking it up," continues Mr. Carey's interesting narrative, "he
was struck with the good taste of the design and correctness of
the execution."

On inquiry he learned of it being the work of Hogan, done
in the leisure hours of his apprenticeship by a strict application
to carving and modeling from the Papal casts. Hogan was im-
mediately paid a visit by the stranger, in a small apartment in
the Academy, who was surprised to find the self-taught artist in
the midst of the Triumph of Silenus consisting of fifteen figures
about fourteen inches high, cut in bas-relief from pine timber ;
also various studies of hands and feet ; a head of an apostle ;

Michael Angelo's mask, and several other designs which, though
cut with delicacy and beauty, still were not inseparable from the
defects of an early age of untaught study.

Becoming thus acquainted with Hogan's abilities, Mr., now
Sir Win. Carey, wrote a series of letters to the Cork Advertiser,
addressed to the gentry and capitalists of the city, entreating them
to raise a fund by subscription to defray the expenses of sending
our young artist to Italy, and supporting him for three or four
years in studying at Rome. Through Sir William's enthusias-
tic representations a sum sufficient for the nonce was subscribed
and Mr. Hogan set out for the '• Eternal City," where he found
himself an entire stranger, with little knowledge of the world,
without acquaintance or patron (which in those days was almost
indispensable) and incapable of speaking the language at the
commencement of his studies at Rome.

In the first year of his studies, and at a meeting of eminent
artists, the celebrated British sculptor Gibson, essayed the
opinion, — "that it was impossible to imagine an attitude or expres-
sion in the human figure which had not been already appropri-
ated by the great sculptors of antiquity." Hogan listened
intently, thought differently and ventured to express his dissent,
when Gibson astonished at our young neophyte's presumption,
somewhat pettishly replied, " Let us see you produce such an
original work !" This public taunt stung the young'sculptor,
who lost no time to rescue his name from the imputation of
vanity and rashness. He toiled night and day at his work, his
Irish was up, the result of his labors being a Drunken Faun —
a work which the great Thorwalclsen pronounced "a miracle of
art," and which, if Hogan never produced another, would have
been alone sufficient to immortalize his name.

A number of other notable and famous works were produced
by him, but in this sketch, what we are particularly interested
in, is the '• Dead Christ": * * * the exquisite statue of the
Dead Christ now placed beneath the altar of the Roman Catholic
Church in Clarendon Street, Dublin.

This work was originally ordered for a chapel in Cork by the
Rev. Fr. O'Keefe, but that gentleman, on its arrival in Dublin,
not being able to raise the funds required for its payment, per-
mitted Mr. Hogan to dispose of it to the priest of Clarendon
Street, who paid for it the sum originally stipulated, namely,
four hundred and fifty pounds, and we may scarcely add, that
this statue is one of the most interesting objects of art adorning
the City of Dublin.

" Mr. Hogan," the narrative continues, " subsequently executed
" a duplicate of this statue with some changes in the design, for
" the City of Cork, but we regret to have to add that he has
" been, as yet, but very inadequately rewarded for his labors on
"this work; a sum of two hundred and thirty-seven pounds
" G£237) being still due him, and the amount which he has
" actually received, two hundred pounds (£200), being barely
li the cost of the marble and rough workmanship."

From the foregoing my readers would infer that this has re-
ference to the exquisite piece of statuary under the Altar of our
grand Cathedral, but I understand such is not so. This statue
rests in the old South Church, Cork, and I may add, in paren-
thesis, that there has been three such works executed by him,
our replica being the best, most prized and perfect specimen.

I have no doubt but more interesting information connected
with ours than I can furnish, is extant, and probably if this meets
the eye of the happy possessor of such particulars, an appreci-
ative number of readers will be enlightened in a subsequent
issue of the NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

fiarrp Bessemer's inoesttntiit.

fl nouclctte of nciofoundland Cifc.

By Robert Gear MacDonald.
PART I.

it T AM SORRY, Mr. Bessemer, I cannot spare you a

waltz," she was saying, perhaps with a slight chill in her

voice, or perhaps Bessemer only imagined it to be so.

<£ " But I can give you this square-dance further on," and

she traced his initials on the diminutive programme, which was

the fashion that season, with some deliberation ; and the next

moment bowed cordially to a rather German looking young

man, who was approaching.

Bessemer turned away, trying to feel, as he looked, uncon-
cerned; but Elvire Exonton's indifferent manner was begin-
ing to tell upon him. It was not that he was vain or self-con-
scious, or that he wished to pay her any particular attention.
He, in common with most men, he might have supposed, would
be attracted and inspired by her beauty ; but the very case with
which he had stepped into his present position made it ^ little
puzzling. He had paid little definite court to any of the ladies
in his set; though some of them, it may be, had paid court to
him. His mind had been occupied with other matters, matters
which threatened to become all-absorbing, unless some other
interests came up to balance them.

Harry Bessemer was something over five and twenty, and at
first sight appeared to have achieved little enough. After a
youth spent in Newfoundland, and the usual three years at
Camoridge, he had returned to accept the apparently trivial and
unimportant post of confidential clerk to the Minister of Forestry.
But it must be remembered that the Minister of Forestry was
the one strong man in the Benton Cabinet, now entering upon
the second year of its second term ; and it must also be remem-
bered that Bessemer was the power behind the Minister of For-
estry. From his youth Bessemer had felt the hum of mighty
workings within his soul. He believed that Newfoundland with
her unique geographical position ; with her immense resources
and vast coastline, deeply indented with mighty bays, was des-
tined to play a great part in the history of the Empire and of
the World. And he believed that he was fitted to bring the
Island to this position in the forefront.

He was a wealthy young man for such a comparatively poor
country. An uncle in England had left him a very considerable
fortune, and this was handsomely augmented by what his father
had been able to bequeath to his only son. With his powers
and his splendid imagination, he would realize little difficulty in
stepping as high as he wished to. These aspirations of his he
never talked about, but they were generally credited to him. by
those in town, by that species of telepathy which is general
enough in a small and compact community. But before he could
lead he must learn, hence his present position.

He danced out his quadrille with Elvire ; and he, and perhaps
she, enjoyed it moderately well, seeing it was not a waltz. It
was hers to be enthusiastic over everything she took up. Her
Norman mother had given her that consummate grace, which our
girls rarely possess to the full. She was of blonde, perfectly
Anglo-Saxon beauty, with all the glow of color which is the
glory of our countrywomen ; all that energy and independence,
which in spite of obstacles, in spite of drawbacks, of the indif-
ference of short-sighted imperial politicians, of the cramping
effect of foreign treaties, have held us together and are fast
welding us into a nation.

Half an hour afterwards Bessemer had bidden adieu to Mrs.
Lindholm, his hostess, and was on his way home. Very natur-
ally he walked, smoking a mild cigar. His home was in a sub-
urb distant from that in which Mrs. Lindholm's house was by
some two miles. It was in January, and the air was cool, hardly
cold ; and it was very calm. It was hardly midnight, and the
northern lights spread out over his head like a great fan, hav-
ing its apex at the North Star. They shifted and coruscated
sometimes with a peculiar shuffling noise, along the sky. The

moon looked calmly out between the spaces as it descended
into the depths, and a few golden stars twinkled through the
silver bars of the mighty screen of light.

As he walked along the deserted country road, he smiled
whimsically to himself as he thought of Elvire, and wondered if
she disliked him. Though she gave little encouragement to any
of her admirers, of whom, however, he could hardly be counted
one ; still there was an added coldness, though very slight, in her
manner towards him, which struck him the more because of the
complacency with which most girls regarded the slight attentions
he sometimes paid them. There seemed in a word to be some
intangible mutual repulsion. And Hallowell, when she returned
from school, had said that Elvire and he would be a perfect
match ! The idea !

But if it must be owned, his thoughts went less on matters of
sentiment than on Colonial affairs. He felt that now was a
crisis in Newfoundland affairs. For a considerable time past
German capital, backed it was whispered in very high Berlin
circles, had been seeking to insinuate itself into the industries
of a country which had unmeasured resources but scanty capital ;
and how to keep it out without retarding the development of the
Colony, was a problem. British capital, except in the hands of
one or two prominent speculators, was slow in availing itself of
the new opening in this rugged Island of the New World, per-
haps because it was fully occupied elsewhere; American capi-
talists owned quite as big a stake in the land as Bessemer
thought compatible with its best interests ; and there were few
other sources in sight. Hallowell, the deputy Colonial Secre-
tary, whose position made him cognizant of every Stir in the
world's money markets, had told him that there was a move-
ment among German money-lenders which as far as he could
judge appeared to have Newfoundland as its objective point.
Enquiry in the Departments of Railways and Mines had yielded
him no information. The transfer of a short branch line to Bay-
de-Verde, to a company whose directors were all Canadians ; the
shipment of more than usually large amount of iron ore to Phila-
delphia had certainly no apparent tendency that way ; and if
any more was being made within the purview of his own depart-
ment, he would certainly have heard of it. He was puzzled.
Germany in her great struggle for commercial supremacy would
leave no effort untried to gain her ends.

Though he was not late at the office the next morning, he
found his chief had arrived before him. The Hon. Alexander
McLean, Colonial Minister of Forestry, was a big Newfound-
lander of Scottish descent. Tall and broad shouldered, sprightly
and active despite his sixty years, a merchant prince, he was
easily the most influential man on the Executive Council. He
was a man of not many words, but always spoke to the point.

" Look here, man," said he, as soon as Bessemer had removed
his overcoat and had sat down, " it seems to me that Germany
is going to have her way with us after all; you know Exonton."
Bessemer nodded, " well, he has been speculating in South Am-
erican Railways, of which he knows as much as I do about
Sanscrit, and has come to grief badly. Not only must his mer-
cantile premises go, which is bad enough, but his great lumber
interests must be abandoned. And who is to take them up?
You are aware of his peculiar social ideas, about the division of
profits and so on, have alienated the entire mercantile commu-
nit) , not one of them would stir a finger to help the lame duck.
I myself " — this with a deprecating gesture — " might feel like do-
ing so only that it would be misconstrued by our friends the poli-
tical enemy, and might even lead to the downfall of the cabinet.
And this, in my honest opinion would be an enormous loss to
the country. A change of Government would be little short of
disastrous at the present moment, and I must needs stifle my
private inclinations for the good of the community."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

The length of his speech was the best proof to Bessemer of
the importance of the interests at stake, and he felt correspond-
ingly impressed.

" What then is to be done ?" he asked. " I suppose we ought in
the first place to find out the extent of the trouble. It appears.to
me that the most straightforward way would be the best in the
present case. Mr. Exonton has, I believe, confidence enough in
me to tell me frankly the extent of the damage — that is, if he
knows. With so many irons in the fire, it must be a little difficult
for him to know which are hot. But if you wish, Mr. McLean,
I will. walk down to see him; when we know how things stand,
we may devise means to prevent this causing harm to the country.
By the way, I suppose the Department can do nothing ?"

" Hardly, I fear," answered the Minister. " The cheese-parers
are too much in evidence. They would not tolerate the acquire-
ments of a national Forest Reserve ! — Send Devanna in," he
added, as Bessemer was leaving the room. Bessemer spoke to
the assistant clerk who immediately went into the Minister's
private office ; and preceded on his way to Water Street.

It was still early when he entered the offices of Alfred Exonton
& Son ; and Mr. Robert Exonton the " Son" in the firm name,
— Alfred Exonton the founder being dead some years, — had not
yet come down. The rooms were spacious and well lighted.
A number of well dressed clerks were already at work at their
desks. The great windows at the back of the office looked out
upon the wharves, where at this season there was little doing ; the
broad harbor, rapidly narrowing as it extended west, thinlv
sprinkled with vessels and schooners; the moored sealing
steamers; and above them the grand white-covered mass of
Southside Hill. It is a sight the Terra Novian loves.

Mr. O'Rielly, the head book-keeper, upon hearing that his
business lay with the principal, asked Bessemer to be seated.
But he had not long to wait. Mr. Exonton appeared almost
immediately and was about to pass at once into his private
office. He wished Bessemer good morning as he passed, how-
ever, and at a word from Mr. O'Rielly, asked him to follow;
and, telling Mr. O'Rielly that he would be engaged for some
little time, closed the door.

Perhaps he had some inkling of the reason of Bessemer's
visit, for he asked him if he had come from the Departmental
office. Mr. Exonton was A well preserved and active man,
though he must have been nearly sixty, and he had had his
share of troubles. His .wife and two sons of great promise had
died some years ago, and Elvire was all he had left of his im-
mediate family. He was tall and inclined to be stout, though
the latter tendency had been kept down by his strenuous and
active life. To-day his usually florid face looked a little pale
and worn. It was not difficult to guess that sleep had been far
away during the previous night.

To the merchant's query, Bessemer answered simply that he
had come down from the office, where he had been in consulta-
tion with the Minister.

" Then," pursued Mr. Exonton — almost eagerly, as if he
would have been half afraid to have himself to tell Bessemer the
truth — " you know what has happened."

'• Yes," answered Bessemer, gravely. " Is it then as grave as
we have heard ? Is it overwhelming ? — I know," he pursued,
" that this may seem an impertinent question, but you at least
will understand that it is a matter of public policy."

Exonton bowed slightly, " Quite so ; but I do not think what-
ever you have heard can over-estimate the gravity of the loss.
And I, who should have been the last to be led away, have be-
trayed all my people into the hands of the Philistines. And yet
it seemed to be in such a good cause. You may not know that
the fishery at our place on Labrador, Lattice Harbor, 'has been
an utter failure the last three years. Now — you see I am speak-
ing frankly, as the matter is one which concerns, or may con-
cern the whole community — very much of the firm's available
capital has been employed in opening up Exonton, in the in-
terior; and from this, there has as yet been little net profit. I
went on, hoping that things would brighten ; but this fall was
worse than ever ; and then, in a desperate attempt to save the
situat:on, I 'plunged' in South American railway stocks. The
unusual epidemic of Revolutions there just now, have ruined my
hopes, and I am left practically penniless. The firm will have to

put up its shutters. My girl has a few hundred a year left her
by her mother," Mr. Exonton showed a slight sign of emotion
here, and a tear glistened in his eye—" which happily is settled
upon her and is chiefly in Government Debentures, but that is all."
"And can you think of anything to be done? Mr. McLean
sends assurance of his sympathy, but you can quite understand
that his hands are tied."

" I fear it is a case where little can be done," answered Exonton
sadly. " If we assign, the Exonton property will be sold up by
the trustees, and the opposition will see through any scheme of
the Government's to buy it, and you know what that would mean
in the present nicely balanced state of parties. Idle capital is
an unknown thing in the Newfoundland market just now, and
outside helpers in the United States, Canada, or England are
very few; all feeling that they have enough money invested in
the Colony at present." " I have thought it all out," he con-
tinued, wearily. " To borrow money would put us at once
under the thumb of the party or Bank that would advance the
money. I am not such a fool even yet as to suppose that they
would allow us to carry on in the present manner. I know my
socialistic theories and practices are the laughing stock of Water
Street. No, there is only one thing to do. Rancke & Hummel
of Hamburg and Berlin, have signified within the past week that
the offer made last summer for the timber areas at Exonton is
still open. I must sell out to them. By that means I can save
the remnant of what my foolishness has destroyed,'' and the un-
fortunate merchant hid his face in his hands.

Bessemer was thinking deeply. " How much would be nec-
essary to put things straight ?" he enquired suddenly.

Mr. Exonton looked up. "Seventy tnousand dollars," he re-
plied, •• but it might just as well be seventy millions."

" Mr. Exonton," said Bessemer steadily, " I think I could raise
that sum. You know I am not without resources."

Mr. Exonton looked aghast. "My dear young sir, you are
mad. I cannot allow the thought of such a thing. It would be
too much for anybody to do. What interest have you in my
affairs that could lead you to think of such a thing?"

"I am also a native," he answered, quietly, " and do not wish
to see strangers of foreign speech inheriting our birthright. It
i.> for 'he country's sake I make this offer ; not, if you will per-
mit me to say so, that I can condone what you have admitted to
be folly ; but because, as things are, you are the one who most
of all men in this country, stand for the benefit of the masses
and of the whole people. It is for this reason alone that I step
in here. I am fully aware, but for this one slip, that all your
firm's troubles have arisen from the failure of the Labrador
fishery on your room year after year. I have nojieed, I am sure,
to stipulate that all the sum advanced by me shall go into the
lumber and general trade. That is a postulate. The result can
never be in doubt, I take it. In two years the mills will be pay-
ing handsomely. So you see there is no risk. I shall bring
my solicitor and the notary at once and we can arrange matters."
Exonton wrung his hand in silent, but thankful emotion. Besse-
mer stepped to the telephone. In a little while the two gen-
tleman named appeared, and the transfer was made which saved
the venerable house of Alfred Exonton & Son from bank-
niptcy and the island from the invasion of foreign commercial
interests. The men of business were too cautious to express
any surprise at this turn of affairs, no matter what they may
have thought ; and indeed their experience was that Bessemer,
young as he was, was well able to take care of himself, in pecun
iary as well as other matters. — (Concluded in our next.)

"THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY"

— AN ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE —
Issued every third month about the 1 5th of March, June, September and

December from the office
34 Prescott Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

JOHN J. EVANS, -:- -:- -:- PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR,

To whom all Communications should be addressed.

Subscription Rates :

Single Copies, each 10 cents .

One Year, in advance, Newfoundland and Canada 40 "

Foreign Subscriptions (except Canada) 50 "

Advertising Rates

$30.00 per page ; one-third of a page, $10.00; one-sixth of a page, $5.00;
one-twelfth of a page, $2.50. Special rates for illustrative advertising.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Che Breton Fisher's prapen

By Dr. Richard Burke Howley.

"ON leaving harbour, the instant his boat is afloat, the pious Breton
fisherman is used to exclaim with head bared : Gardez moi Bon Dieu
tareque la mer est grande et ma barque est petite." — Henri Perreyve.

Yo HO ! — Heave away ! and the fisher's bark

Moves out e'er the dawn o'er the waters' dark.

Oh the bonnie boat, through the gladsome day,

Like the grey gull flits 'mid the sparkling spray,

But she folds her wings at the eve's decline,

To nestle all night on the seething brine.

O Lord who rulest the sea and air,
Turn not away from the fisher's prayer,
" I)e I'rofundis Clamavi !" Hear my call !
For thy sea is grand and my bark is small.

And now we are far on the heaving deep,

Where the Lord keeps watch tho' He seem to sleep,

And His dreaming's told in the solemn sight

Of the dark sea depths that are steeped in light.

Ah, the fisher feels 'mid his perils there,

All the Maker's might and the Saviour's care,

And, thrown on his Clod he must trust Him all,

For the sea is great and the bark is small !

On, on, she flies, for 'tis vain to strive.
Whither so ever the storm may drive
Till the Master speak, when a calm shall fall
On the sea so grand and the bark so small.

On the broad billows of life we're cast,
Sport of the furious flood and blast,
Helpless and heedless we come and go,
Floating o'er many a wreck laid low,
We hurry along to the dismal caves,
Where the sad sea sleeps by a shore of graves.
Yet — Safe with Him on the stormy way
Whom the waves uphold and the winds obey,
Nor depths shall daunt us, nor heights appal,
Tho' the seas run wild and our bark be small !

Che Fisherman.

Recipe for a Composition Cake.

Ky " Member of the Llttlednle Literary Chtk.

Mix one pound of appropriate words into choice language.
Stir thoroughly until you form (a) a subject, (b) a predicate, to
every three ounces of words. Avoid too much stirring, as you
are likely to separate the clauses, etc., from the principal quali-
fied word. Lightly sift in some Capital letters, and about three
dozen of the best punctuation marks, at suitable intervals : first
put in the commas, next the colons and semi-colons, and lastly
the full-stops.

Beat in slowly some choice quotations, to aid in making the
cake high flown ; these will also help to make it rise.

Mix this substance with Arnold's best black ink — stir
throughout with a falcon pen — and bake on a sheet of smooth
ivory paper.

Bake for one hour and a half, in a nice oak desk. Lay a
sheet of white blotting paper on the top, to test if it is well
baked.

When cool place it for inspection on Sister's desk. After
weighing it, and seeing the quality of material composing it, she
will mark it in portions with her pencil, and call her pupils, so
that they may have the benefit of it. When the cake has been
thoroughly criticized by the girls, they scatter the contents of it,
all over the school, and the cake is voted a great success.

This recipe if faithfully carried out will prove splendid, as
those who tried it, have never known it to fail.

February, 1905.

N. B. — The above is an itncorrected Exercise of one of the Pupils of
St. Bride's Academy, Littledale.

By Chas. E. Hunt.

HE clasps his wife in a fond embrace as he wishes her good-bye ;
And a kiss to each of his children gives, but a tear is in his eye,
For he's leaving a home that is dear to him and is going far away,

To fish for cod near the rocky shore

Of weather-beaten Labrador,
For many a long, long day.

His ship is ready to leave the port and is manned by a hardy crew, •
Who will fight the roaring winds and tides as they've long been used to do ;
A sailor's life is a life of toil, but little does he dread ;

The winter will soon be here again,

And it's out afar on the angry main,
That he earns his daily bread.

The good ship sails from the harbor snug and the dear ones left behind;

Far out of sight they soon will be, but never out of mind;

The sweetheart longs for her sailor boy ; the mother for her son ;

The children for their father yearn

And pray to God for a safe return,
When the summer's work is done.

Through many a storm the good ship goes and many an anxious night
Is spent on deck by the gallant crew when the storm is at its height;
Then many a noble deed is done and when it's done, that's all;

He does not look for a medal bright

Nor seek some gifted pen to write
What he did at duty's call.

The summer is drawing t'wards its close and short the days become ;

The skipper knows that the fish below will fetch a goodly sum;

And on bended knee he thanks the God who has heaid his anxious prayer;

For the wolf oft knocks at the fisher's door,

When the catch is bad and the price is poor;
But now he need not fear.

Now as the good ship enters port he stands on deck once more;

And the children glad, with dancing eyes, wave to him from the shore ;

How gay his laugh and how bright his face as they slowly walk the lane !

Safe with those that he loves at last;

Trouble and care to the winds are cast,
When father's home again !

Song: Keep her to the Ulind

By Daniel Carroll.

UP the shore the fishing fleet

Bravely stems the fresh'ning gale,
And I watch one craft that beats

In advance of every sail.
From her proud and stately prow

Gallantly the foam she flings ;
Towards the land she's speeding now ;

Cheerily her helmsman sings:

" Though we're on the losing tack
Let no thread of canvas slack,
Lest squalls catch our sails aback,
Keep her to the wind."

Let us then on life's broad sea,

When the winds adverse shall blow ;
If we're " drifting by the lee ;"

Leeward ever seem to go.
Waver not thou timid soul,

Trim her for another tack;

Tho' the storm grows deeper black,
Next time we may reach the goal.

Tho' we're on the losing tack,
Let no thread of canvas slack ;
Lest squalls catch our sails aback,
Keep her to the wind.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

BANK OF MONTREAL!

Capital, $14,000,000; Rest, $10,000,000; Undivided Profits, $583,196.01.

Bankers for the Government of Newfoundland,
Financial Agents for the Government of the Dominion of Canada.

Right Hon. Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal, G.C.M.G., President.

Hon. George A. Drummond, Vice-President.
E. S. Clouston, General Manager.

LONDON, ENGLAND, BRANCH— 22 Abchurch Lane, B.C.

BRANCHES IN NEW YORK, CHICAGO, and every Province of the DOMINION OF CANADA.

Commercial Letters of Credit and Travellers' Letters
of Credit issued available in all parts of the world.

J. A. PADDON, Manager, St. John's, Nfld.

Imperial Tobacco Co., Ltd.

Manufacturers of Choice Tobaccos.

Smoking and Chewing,

Plug, Cut Plug, and Granulated.

of our brands :

GOODWIN'S BEST CUT PLUG,"

"EARLY BIRD,"

"MARINER,"

"MONT ROYAL,"

"J. D."

" HAPPY THOUGHT,"

" RICHMOND GEM,"

'• IMPERI
For a cool, refreshing smoke, try

EMPIRE,"

DAISY,"

OUR FAVORITE,"

VIRGINIA LEAF,"

CROWN,"

SUCCESS,"

L."

" KILLIKINKNICK."

OFFICES AND FACTORY:
Flavin and Bond Streets, J* St. John's, Newfoundland.

GEAR & CO., .*

....Headquarters for....

jfi J*

Marbleized Mantelpieces, English and
American Tiled Grates, Tiled Hearths,

Fancy Brass and Iron Kerbs,
Fire Brasses, Dogs, Stops,
and other Artistic Grate
and Hearth Furnishings.

j/t j>

349 Water Street. 349

Notice to the Public!

We have recently introduced a system of

^ FREE GAS FITTING, ^

which is meeting with much favor from those who want a good light in
their homes and places of business, but who do not wish to make a large
immediate outlay for the installation of same. For full particulars apply
at the offices of the

ST. JOHN'S GAS LIGHT CO.

Manning's Drug Store,

150 New Power Street.

OPEN <* EVERY ^ NIGHT
TILL U O'CLOCK.

MISS MAY MLONG'S

Easter Show* *£

The very latest in Spring and Summer Goods
from London and Paris.

282 Water Street, - - opp. Bowring Bros.

M. J. Summers

330 Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

IMPORTER OF AND DEALER IN

L \RTHI \WARL CHWA. GLASSWARE and DRY GOODS.

Also, Men's Underwear.

AMERICAN OIL CLOTHES : Double, Patched and Single.
LOCAL OIL CLOTHES : Single.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Bowring Brothers,

Limited — —

Ship Owners, Brokers, and General Merchants.

Exporters of Codfish, Salmon, Herring, Seal Oil, Seal Skins,
Cod Oil, Lobsters, Whale Oil, Whale Bone, Etc.

AGENTS FOR-
LLOYD'S.

London Salvage Association.

New Swiss Lloyd's.

National Board of Marine Underwriters of New York.

Liverpool and Glasgow Underwriters.

Liverpool and London and Globe Fire Insurance Co.

New York, Newfoundland, and Halifax Steam Ship Co.

English and American Steam Shipping Co.

Represented by C. T. BOWRING & Co., Ltd., of Liverpool, London, Cardiff.
Represented by BOWRING & Co., New York and San Francisco.

CODES — Scott's, Watkins, A. B. C., Western Union, Premier, &c.
Cables: — " BOWRING," St. John's.

NEWFOUNDLAND PENITENTIARY.

BROOM DEPARTMENT.

Brooms, ,* Hearth Brushes, * Whisks.

A Large Stock of BROOMS, HEARTH BRUSHES and
WHISKS always on hand ; and having reliable Agents
in Chicago and other principal centres for the purchase of
Corn and other material, we are in a position to supply the
Trade with exactly the article required, and we feel as-
sured our Styles and Quality surpass any that can be
imported. Give us a trial order, and if careful attention
and right goods at right prices will suit, we are confident
of being favoured with a share of your patronage.

orders addressed to the undersigned will receive prompt
attention.

ALEX. A. PARSONS, Superintendent.

Newfoundland Penitentiary, March,

Customs Circular

No. 15.

A deposit equal to the duty shall be taken on such articles as
Cameras, Bicycles, Trouting Poles, Fire-arms, Tents, Canoes,
and tent equipage. A receipt (No. i) according to the form
attached shall be given for the deposit and the particulars of
the articles shall be noted in the receipt as well as in the
marginal cheques. Receipt No. 2 if taken at an outport office
shall be mailed at once directed to the Assistant Collector,
St. John's, if taken in St. John's the Receipt No. 2 shall be sent
to the Landing Surveyor.

No groceries, canned goods, wines, spirits or provisions of
any kind will be admitted free and no deposit for a refund may
be taken upon such articles.

' H. W. LeMESSURIER,

Assistant Collector.

CUSTOM HOUSE,

St. John's, Newfoundland, 22nd June., 1903.

The Public are reminded that the

Game Laws of Newfoundland,

Provide that:

No person shall pursue with intent to kill any Caribou from

the ist day of February to the jist day of July, or from the ist day of

October to the 2oth October in any year. And no person shall

kill or take more than two Stag and one Doe Caribou in any one year.

No person is allowed to hunt or kill Caribou within five miles of either
side of the railway track from Grand Lake to Goose Brook, these limits
being defined by gazetted Proclamation.

No person may kill, or pursue with intent to kill any Caribou with dogs,

or with hatchet or any weapon other than fire-arms loaded with

ball or bullet, or while crossing any pond, stream or water-course.

Tinning or canning of Caribou meat is absolutely prohibited.

No person may purchase, or receive in barter or exchange any flesh
of Caribou between January ist and July 3ist, in any year.

Penalties for violation of these laws, a fine not exceeding two hundred
dollars, or in default imprisonment not exceeding two months.

No person shall hunt, or kill Partridges during the present year, or
before ist October, 1905. After that period not before 1st October or
later than izth January. Penalty not exceeding one hundred dollars
or imprisonment.

Any person who shall hunt Beaver, or export Beaver skins till October ist,
1907, shall be liable to cofiscation of skins, and fine or imprisonment.

And no person shall hunt Foxes from March I5th to October I5th in
any year, under the same penalties.

ELI DAWE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Department of Marine and Fisheries,
March,

JOB BROTHERS & Co.,

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

of B"r'sh and American Goods of every
description— Wholesale and Retail.

°f Codfish' Codoil, CodliverOil, Seal Oil,
Lobsters, Furs, and general produce.

All orders for same promptly filled at very lowest rates.

1 ^^^^^^mi^m-mm

<Vf^<—

THE . . .

NEWFOUNDLS

UARTERLY.

JOHN J. EVANS, PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR.
gSX^- ___

•ft Vdl,. V.— No. i.

i^
^

^•^ »

' '

5;^

JULY, 1905.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

<$ NEWFOUNDLAND ^
"THE SPORTSMAN^ PARADISE/^

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Now landing, and to arrive during the
next three months, a large assortment of

LUMBER

We have also a full stock of

SEASONED BOARD in store.

All selling at the Lowest Market Prices.
Purchasers will get good value for their
money.

W. & G. RENDELL

Alan Goodridge $ Sons,

325 WATER STREET, ST. JOHN'S, N. F.,

General Importers and Wholesale and Retail Merchants.

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 <

EXPORTERS OE ALL KINDS OE PRODUCE.

BRANCH ESTABLISHMENTS:

Witless Bay, Tor's Cove, Ferryland, Renews,
Nipper's Harbor, New Perlican, Round Harbor,
Hant's Harbor, Caplin Bay, «2* & Jk

Where Fishery Outfits can at all times
be Supplied,

PHCENIX

Use

Assurance

Co., Ltd.,

Royal

Or LONDON,

ESTABLISHED 1782.

Annual Premiums $7,500,000

Fund held to meet losses 9,000,000

Uncalled Capital 12,000,000

. & G. RENDELL,

ST. JOHN'S. Agent for Nfld.

Household

Flour*

Queen
Fire Insurance Company

FUNDS $4O,OOO,OOO

ii i i i i i i i i i ii ui 111 ii in. mi i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i ,., , ni 1,1 i.,iiin i i i i i i i.i 1,1, 1,1 1,1 11 ..,.,, i

INSURANCE POLICIES

Against Loss or Damage by Fire

are issued by the above

well known office on the most

liberal terms.

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

JOHN CORMACK,

ASCENT FOR NEWFOUNDLAND.

JOHN KEAN,

ADELAIDE: STREET,

Boot and Shoe Maker.

Hand Sewing a Specials
Strictest attention paid
all work* <g <£

Oiitport Orders Sot

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Post Office Department

Parcels may be Forwarded by Post at Rates Given Below.
In the case of Parcels, for outside the Colony, the senders will ask for Declaration Form, upon which the Contents and Value must be Stated

FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND
LABRADOR.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM.

FOR UNITED STATES.

FOR DOMINION OF

CANADA.

i pou

2 pou

3
4

7
8

9
10
u

8 cents

24 ce

24
24
48
48

4i
45

72
72
72
72

No parcel s
less than

nts

i 2 cents

15 cents.
3°
45
60

75
90
$1.05

Cannot exceed seven pounds
weight.

No parcel sent to D. of C. for
less than 15 cents.

nds

ii "

24 "

76 "

-S2 "

$1 .08 .

, r <i

I . 2O ...

,C 1.

Under i Ib. weight, i cent
per 2 oz.

ent to U K. for

24 cents. •

No parcel sent to U. S. for
less than 12 cents.

N.B. — Parcel Mails between Newfoundland and United States can only be exchanged by direct Steamers : say Red Cross Line to and from New York ;

Allan Line to and from Philadelphia.
Parcel Mails for Canada are closed at General Post Office every Tuesday at 3 p.m., for despatch by " Bruce" train.

RATES OF COMMISSION
ON MONEY ORDERS.

General Post Office*

THE Rates of Commission on Money Orders issued by "any Money Order Office in Newfoundland to the United States
of America, the Dominion #f Canada, and any part of Newfoundland are as follows : —

For sums not exceeding f!io ........................... 5 cts. Over $50, but not exceeding $60 ........................ 30 cts.

Over $10, but not exceeding $20 ........................ 10 cts. Over $60, but not exceeding $70 ........................ 35 cts.

Over $20, but not exceeding $30 ........................ 15 cts. Over 870, but not exceeding $80 .... .................... 40 cts.

Over $30, but not exceeding $40 ........................ 20 cts. Over $80, but not exceeding $90 ........................ 45 cts.

Over $40, but not exceeding $50 ........................ 25 cts. Over 590, but not exceeding $100 ....................... 50 cts.

Maximum amount of a single Order to any of the ABOVE COUNTRIES, and to offices in NEWFOUNDLAND, $100.00, but as
many may be obtained as the remitter requires.

General Post Office St. John's, Newfoundland, June, 1905. H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

GENERAL & POST * OFFICE.

Postage on Local Newspapers.

TT is observed that BUNDLES OF LOCAL NEWSPAPERS, addressed to Canada and the United States, are frequently
•*• mailed without the necessary postage affixed; and, therefore, cannot be forwarded.

H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

General Post Office.

Postal Telegraphs*

TELEGRAMS for the undermentioned places in Newfoundland are now accepted for transmission at all Postal Telegraph
Offices in the Colony and in St. John's at the Telegraph window in the Lobby of the General Post Office and at Office in new
Court House, Water Street, at the rate of Twenty Cents for Ten words or less, and Two Cents for each additional word. The
address and signature, however, is transmitted free : —

Avondale

Baie Verte (Little Bay N.)

Baine Harbor

Bay-de-Verde

Bay L'Argent

Bay Roberts

Beaverton

Belleoram

Birchy Cove (Bay of Islds.)

Bonavista

Bonne Bay

Botwoodville

Britannia Cove

Brigus Junction

Burin

Carbonear

Catalina

Change Islands

Clarenville

Come-By-Chance

Conception Harbor

Fogo

Fortune

Gambo

Gander Bay

Glenwood

Grand Bank

Grand Lake

Grand River

Greenspond

Hant's Harbor

Harbor Breton

Harbor Grace

Harbor Main

Herring Neck

Holyrood

Howards

Humber Mouth (River-
head, Bay of Islands)

King's Cove

King's Point (S. W. Arm,
Green Bay)

Lamaline

Lewis port

Little Bay

Little River

Long Harbor

Lower Island Cove

Manuels

Millertown Junction

Musgrave Harbor

New Perlican

Newtown

Nipper's Harbor

Norris' Arm

N. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Old Perlican

Pilley's Island

Port-au-Port (Gravels)

Port-aux-Basques(Channel)

Port Blandford

Stephenville Crossing

St. George's

St. Jacques

St. John's

St. Lawrence

Sandy Point

Scilly Cove

Seldom-Come-By

Sound Island

S. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Terenceville (head of

Fortune Bay)
Tilt Cove
Trinity
Twillingate
Wesleyville
Western Bay
Whitbourne

Postal Telegraph Message Forms may be obtained at any Post Office in the Colony, and from Mail Clerks on Trains and Steamers. If the sender
desires, the message may be left with the Postmaster, to be forwarded by mall Free of Postage to nearest Postal Telegraph Office.

H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

General Post Offiee, St. John's, Newfoundland, June, 1905.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

HON. JAMES BAIRD, President. established 1875 C. R. THOMSON, Manager.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURING Co., Ltd.

Manufacturers of Boots, Shoes, and Slippers. Dealers in Canadian and American Rubbers.
WHOLESALE ONLY. «@~A11 Reliable Dealers keep our Goods in ,Stock.

BAINE, JOHNSTON & Co

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland,

General Merchants and Ship Owners.

..EXPORTERS OF.. N

Codfish, Cod Oil, Seal Oil, Seal Skinst
Codliver Oil (Norwegian process),

Salmon, Split Herring, Scotch Cured
Herring, Trout and Lobsters.

Sealing Steamers for Arctic hire. Steamers on
Labrador requiring COALS can be supplied at
Battle Harbor, at entrance to Straits of Belle Isle,
where there is telegraphic communication.

.* NEWMAN'S

Celebrated Port Wine,

In Cases of 1 doz. each,
at $8.25 in Bond ; also,

in Hogsheads, Quarter Casks a_id Octaves.

f fcM»

Baine, Johnston & Co.,

AGENTS.

Keeping Rich

is frequently harder than getting rich.
Many a man loses in three months the accumulations
of thirty years. That is why you should take out an
Insurance Policy which will give immediate protec-
tion and ease your mind at once of all worry about
those who are dependent upon you. Send at once
for particulars of the Unconditional Accumulative
Policy .issued by the Confederation Lite As-
sociation, Toronto. It is the best policy contract
issued in Newfoundland to-day, jt jt jt jt jt

„* FOR jt

CHAS. O'NEILL CONROY,

GENERAL AGENT FOR NFLD,

Law Chambers, St. John's, N. F.

HEADQUARTERS

Books, Photographs, Post Cards, Albums,
and all Literature relating to Newfoundland.

Photographs of all the most beautiful and interesting scenes in and about
Newfoundland and Labrador. The largest and most varied stock of
Photographs, relating to Newfoundland. The work of a Master Artist.
Price, 25 cents to #5.00.

Newfoundland — "The Norway of the New World," an exceedingly Hand-
some Album, containing over 100 views of our choicest scenes in
Newfoundland and Labrador, 40 cts.

Newfoundland Illustrated. — An Album of 63 views of Newfoundland and
Labrador scenes, beautifully finished in tints, 40 cts.

Piltorial Post Cards of every object of interest in City and Outports,
complete set of 30 for 50 cts., or 20 cts. dozen Cards.

Newfoundland at the beginning of the 20th Century.— A treaties of History
and Development, beautifully written, bound and illustrated, $3.00.

Newfoundland Men, or Who's Who in Newfoundland, with portraits, by the
Editor of The Daily News, 60 cts.

History of Newfoundland. Geography of Newfoundland.
Guide Book of Newfoundland, etc.

POPULAR

BOOKSTORE.
ST. JOHN'S, NEWFOUNDLAND.

DICKS & CO.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY;

VOL. V.— No. i.

JULY, J905.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

ncioroundland : ft Sportsman's Paradise.

By W. /. Carroll.

" HE must go. go, go away from here,

On the other side the world he's over-due;

'Send your road is clear before you,

When the old spring fret comes o'er you,
And the Red Gods call for you."

LATE official estimate, approximates the amount of
money spent annually for Uavelling expenses by the
ever-increasing stream of American tourists at one
hundred million dollars. They spend another hun-
dred million dollars in purchases of every sort, and the freight
and duty on these purchases amount to a fabulous sum. A
large percentage of this sum goes to Europe and Eastern coun-
tries, and is spent by ladies and invalids. Hunters and anglers
in Norway, England, Scotland and Russia account for another
portion, while thousands, who "must go away from here"
" when the old spring, fret comes o'er them," hie themselves off
to the backwoods of Canada, the hills of New Hampshire, the
Adirondack, the Rocky Mountains, and the woods of Maine.
Of late years the vanguard of this globe-trotting army have
over marched the Continent and turned their steps towards
Newfoundland. We, with our insular limitations, are apt to ex-
aggerate our own advantages, when we are not belittling them.
We do both alternately, except when we take some snarling old
misanthrope as a prophet, and hrs diatribes against the country
as gospel, and divide into rival camps, when the converts with
newly acquired zeal, reassert for fact, the jocose dictum ofia pro-
minent local politician, that " the interior of this country is not
a howling wilderness. — because there's nothing in it to howl."

Our American visitors, as a class, have been, such genuine
sportsmen, that they not only enjoyed the sport themselves, but
during t.he last few years, have given their experiences in the
leading American magazines and journals, with such enthusiasm,
backed with such detailed fishing and shooting data, that now
nearly every Shooting and Fishing Club in the States sends a
representative member or two yearly. We will have more visi-
tors this year than ever, and it will be the fault of our own
neglect and shortsightedness if this stream cf visitors does n,ot
increase hundredfold within the next decade. It was.estimated
that there were between eight and twelve million dollars spent
in Maine last year by tourists. There have been lately dozens
of articles witten by visitors of repute in the British and Ameri-
can sporting journals that prove that our shooting and fishing
facilities are peerless in the world to-day, and as far as Maine is
concerned for deer, salmon, grilse, sea and^brook trout, it is not
in the same class at all~as' Newfoundland.

When Mr. Moulton, member for Burgeo, asserted there were
over a quarter of a million caribou in the Island, and that they
were increasing annually at the rate of ten thousand, no one
gainsaid him. He talked like a man who knew what he was
talking about. These herds of deer properly preserved, will
make the Island, the recreation ground of thousands of visitors
for the next century. In confirmation of everything said about
our caribou nlay be cited the written words of such men as
F. C. Selous, J. Guille Millais, Admiral Kennedy, Sir Terence
O'Brien, Sir Cavendish Boyle, and hosts of American sports-
men. As for our salmon, grilse and sea trout, the evidence of
outsiders is such, that it would be incredible if the witnesses
were not men whose veracity is beyond all question. One
American gentleman who has fished all Canada and from Maine
to California, in an American magazine for this month, says,
talking about brook trout and brown trout : " They are more
common than perch and sun fish in the States. Catching them
will srJqn; surfeit the angler. . . . Such catches are counted
fij> the "dozen, — one lot of seventy-two doz,en" being brought aboard
tbejrain. . . . There are 687 lakes~6n the island and 50,000
known, ones without names. The Island has 4,000 miles of sea^

coast, including the bays. . . . From one to six streams of
clear green water run into each of these bays. . . . Every
stream that reaches salt water is a salmon (or trout) stream. .
Others have not even a tradition of a fish net, or rod or hook,
and there are lakes never mapped where one maj camp and add
to the fare, wild geese, ducks, willow grouse, ptarmigan, plover
and curlew." . . . and so on. The salmon and sea trout returns
for the last two or three years are enough to bring anglers from
the ends of the earth.

A little intelligent care now in preserving our rivers, will keep
the Island, the greatest game fish country in the world, bar none,
till some cataclysm changes its formation, and the countless
lakes, ponds, gullies, rivers and streams cease to be. Clouds of
witnesses attest that our game fish facilities are not equalled in
the world. I have been informed by a credible authority that
a certain British General, who is a witness lor the "other side"
and one of the sportsmen who came for years, though he only
had indifferent sport, caught, two years ago for his own rod, on
the Upper Humber, the insignificant bag of joo salmon. Just
imagine the furor in Great Britain if such a catch were taken in
a British river.

For camping, canoeing and yachting, our woods, lakes, rivers
and bays, offer every inducement to the sportsman, whether he
be seeking sport, photos, specimens, health, rest or recreation.

The time has now come when we should make an intelligent
effort, to turn these grand assets to good account. If Maine
earns ten million dollars yearly, in the next decade we should
earn as much. We have everything that Maine has to offer
visitors, and more. We only lack good hotels and boarding
houses. But these will follow. If our own people don't cater
in this respect, there are others who will see the possibilities,
and erect summer hotels in favoured regions along the railway.
Our business men should advertise their wares in such a
manner that tourists would be prevailed on to purchase all their
supplies in the Island, thus avoiding the vexations of mislaying
packages, paying freight, duty, and other expenses incidental to
such transport. If travellers were convinced that they could
get their outfit here as cheap as in New York, less the trouble
and expense of carrying them along, many more would be
induced to visit us.

Our fish and deer will have to be protected and preserved.
We will need a Game Commissioner, whose heart is in the work,
who will organize a corps of intelligent sworn guides, into a
body of game wardens, who will effectually police the whole
country. He will see that the guides do not extort, as some are
reported to have done last season, and thus disgust visitors who
are ready and willing to pay liberally. The rivers must be pro-
tected from poachers, and saved from pollution. It is said that
some of our best rivers are now being polluted by sawdust. A
careful inspection should be instituted and this prevented. I
heard indirectly, but cannot vouch for its accuracy, that one
river on Avalon was netted last season by an ex-warden and
another, and that he got nine barrels of salmon for his share.
Every^ guide should be sworn and licensed and shAild be amen-
able to the law and should lose his license for any breach to
which he was party, of the game regulations in his section. It
should be made worth his while to enforce the law, and he should be edu-
cated up to the point that it would be his interest, as well as that of the
public, to enforce the law strictly. All the wardens' shooting and fishing
reports should be tabulated by the Commissioner atnd distributed among
the shooting and fishing clubs and sporting journals in Britain and Am-
erica, and thus advertise our wares to the thousands who are on the move
each eason seeking sport, change and rest. We should start in right now
and make every effort to preserve our game. If the authorities only realize
the magnitude of the fish and game resources, and their future possibilities;
much time would not be lost before an effort would be made to keep
Newfoundland in the futuie, what all visitors testify it now is,
r_j, •._. . A SPORTSMAN'S PARADISE.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

ClK Investiture of Our first flrcDbisbop.

INGULARLY memorable in the history of this country
was Friday, June 23rd, in this year, the Vigil of Saint
John the Baptist, patronal feast of our city and of all
Newfoundland, for on that day, to quote from the
Pastoral Letter of the occasion, the Church in Newfoundland
reached the climax of her hierarchical maturity, and has taken
her place among the churches of Christendom in all the fullness
and dignity of ecclesiastical development,- in the investiture of
our first Archbishop with the Archiepiscopal Pallium in his
Metropolitan Cathedral Church of St. John's.

The import of this event, as well as the history of the develop
ment of the Catholic Church in Newfoundland, has been dwelt
on in the Pastoral, from which we have been quoting. It is
our intention merely to describe the ceremony.

At half-past eight o'clock on Friday morning the joy-bells
rang out from the Cathedral towers. We may say of them that
they, like Canterbury bells,

" The City's voices be
Ringing from the steeple, singing on the lea."

Their melodious peals are as the familiar voices of friends in
our city of St. John's; and joyously did the gentle morning
breeze, a very /em's crepitans ausfer, bear their glad message
over the city and the neighbouring country and out upon the
deep.

At a quarter to nine the procession issued from the Palace,
passing down the lawn and across the great Cathedral close
to the central door.

First the Processional Cross between acolytes, then the choir
boys, the clergy and the ecclesiastical dignitaries, and finally
the Archbishop, accompanied by two Deacons of Honour and
preceded by a Subdeacon bearing the Pallium on silver salver
covered with a white veil.

At the entrance to the Cathedral the procession was met by
the Admipistrator, attended by two chaplains, by acolytes and
a thurifer. ,

The Archbishop having been incensed by the Administrator,
the Procession passed up the central aisle of the Cathedral, the
choir chanting

Ecce Sacerdos Magnus

as the Archbishop entered.

Arrived at the Sanctuary, the Archbishop ascended the throne,
and " low" Mass was celebrated by the Lord Bishop of Saint
George's, Junior Suffregan of the Province. The Pallium which
had been laid on the throne credence was taken to the altar at
the post-communion by the Master of Ceremonies.

Immediately after Mass the Pastoral Letter was read by a
Lector from the pulpit, then the Senior Suffregan, the Lord
Bishop of Harbour Grace, the Officient proceeded, in cope and
mitre, to a faldstool prepared on the predella of the altar.
Simultaneously the Archbishop descended from the throne, and
accompanied by his Deacons assistant knelt, dctecto capite, before
the altar.

The Mastei of Ceremonies taking the Pallium from the altar
presented it to the Bishop Officient, who, sitting on the faldstool,

placed it on the shoulders of the Archbishop, saying (in Latin)

" To the honour of Almighty God, and of the Blessed Mary ever Virgin,
" and of the Blessed Apostles Peter and Paul, of our Lord Pius X.
" Pope, and of the Holy Roman Church, and also of the Church of
" St. John's committed to thee, we hand thee the Pallium, taken from
'• the body of Blessed Peter, in which is the plentitude of Office I'onti-
" fical, with the appellation of Archbishop, to use it within thy Church
"on certain days which are nailed in the grant of privileges by the
" Apostolic See. In the name of the + Father, and of the + Son/
" and of the Holy + Ghost. Amen."

HIS GRACE THE MOST REV. M. K. HOWLEY, D.D.

Then the Archbishop wearing his pallium arose from his
knees, the Archieposcopal Cross was brought forward and held
by a clerk kneeling, with its figure turned towards the Arch-
bishop, and the first Blessing in A-chiepiscopal rite was given
by tl.e first Archbishop in Newfoundland.

Thereupon the Te Deum was intoned, and as the dear old
walls of our Cathedral re-echoed the solemn words of Ambrose
and Augustine, they seemed to acquire yet a nearer meaning

for us.

Te per Orbcm Terrarum,
Saiicta Conflict ur EC c It si a.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Photo, by James Vty] {Jonas C. Barter, Architect.

INTERIOR OF CATHEDRAL OF ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST, ST. JOHN'S.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Deutfoundland as a Summer Resort/

WE have been privileged to peruse a letter received by Judge
Prowse from J. Guille Millais, naturalist, artist and hunter,
whose reputation among English speaking people is little inferior
to that of his famous father — Sir John Millais, Bart, President
of the Royal Academy. In referring to the "Guide Book,"
among other complimentary things, occurs this paragraph,
which epitomizes volumes of praise:

"I think it is a splendid little book, just the very thing that was wanted,
and bearing the great advantage of accuracy about the country without
undue puffing ; the whole tone is excellent. * * * Your little chapter
re History of Newfoundland is' a model of what such an introduction
should be. * * * It is quite a little encyclopaedia * * * ."

The Judge has always been an enthusiastic champion of the
Island. Through his History the reading public has " re-dis-
covered" Newfoundland. His articles in the Encyclopaedia
Brittanica, and . thejMeading English literary and sporting mag-
azines have do*« w^ftSers in dispelling the mists, of misrepre-

sentatiogsj-that seeiu, through some fatality, to enshroud our
A keen sportsman, as well as a piquant writer, in the
present volume, he has excelled himself. Personally, and with

nds
ent

gfjbd right handv he has done yeoman service in killing
e class who looked upon , tbefeland as a private preserve,
came annually and killSdaBBEttfgh deer and salmon to pay
or their outfit, and then went a'agvamd decrieithe country, its
ees, climate, and sporting^facilities. ^But in this little
he has not only held up his end, but ne* has marshalled
chsia strong force, all as ^enthusiastic as himself, that he be-
comes simply invincible.^ Here is an array of contributors —
each a, leader in his linJ5«setting forth facts about the Island
Jhat are irresistible an* Incontrovertible : — iSis Excellency Sir
•vW. McGregor (Governor), Admiral Sir W. R. Kennedy, K.C.B.,
J. Guille Millais, H. Hesketch Pritchard, F. C. Selous, Sir Bryan
Leighton, Dr. Grenfell, Auditor General Berteau, J. P. Howley,
F.G.S., Hotx"H. J. B. Woods (Postmaster General), and so on.
These write on sport— caribou, salmon, sea trout, &c. The
rest of the book is devoted to everything appertaining to the
Island. In.3act it" includes anything about which either a resident
or non-resident is likely to be inquisitive, or want information.
We should have a Tourist's Association here, whose duty it
should be to place a copy of. this book in the reference library
of every sporting journal in England and America, as well as in
the reading rooms of every angling, shooting, yachting, canoeing
and social club in all ^large cities in these countries. Failing
such an association, clearly the duty devolves on the Minister
of Marine and Fisheries, to use this splendid statement of New-
foundland's possibilities and place it in the ken of the thousands
in the outside world, who are seeking information of the very
things we possessan abundance, and of which this little book is
such an illuminating

ewfoundlan

"tertido'n: B

all local booksellers.

Prowse-KG,. LL.D.,
O.ie sTffiTirignet. At

FRED KIRBY — A VOUNG HERO.

ON the zist April, 1905, His Excellency- the- Governor and
suite .went to Burin and presented the Royal: Humane Society's
Medal to Fred Kirby, aged 6, for saving', from drowning, thg
life of a boy mueh.older than himself. Anhe time of the rescue
he was about 5, and is the youngest,. to receive this honor.

SUNSET BAY Ok ISLANDS.

'N-LIGHT BAY OF ISLANDS.

A WORD TO PROSPECTU^ VISITORS— The quickest, cf,

comfortable route, from NBil^Yoik or Halifax, is by the

>.s. Kosalind and s.s. Silvi^^^e^ -HUJl^lJjWHSJY fittj

boats, and the trip on them is immensely enjoyable. The fare is very

modest, and the table appointments and attendants are efficient and up-to-
date. Tickets and all information can be had in New
York from Bowring & Co., 17 State Street; in Halifax,
G. S. Campbell & Co.

An ideal trip from St. John's, is either North in the s s
Portia or South and West in the s.s. Prospero. The sail
ing is calm and enjoyable ; the scenery beautiful ; the trip
chock full of variety, touching into numerous quaint little
towns on either route. The return fare West is $22.50,
and North $17.50 It occupies about ten days, and gives
the visitor a chance to see either way, more than half the
bays, towns and villages in the Island. The tickets
include meals and all attendance.. Fuller information, as
to either of these trips may be had on application to
Hon. Edgar Bowring, or Hon. John Harvey, who are
rated as among the leaders of our younger and more pro-
gressive business men in Newfoundland. They, or their
firms, Bowring Bros., Ltd., or Harvey & Co., will furnish
reliable information as to passage, etc., to any intending

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

tbe foreign Policp of the Radicals.

By Rev. M. J. Ryan, Ph. D.

SRSkHE spirited and vigorous policy of gallant little New-
foundland, which has obtained so much admiration
even in the country against which it is directed, stands
in brilliant and striking contrast with the state of
inertia to which the financially and commercially most powerful
land in the world has been reduced by the factiousness of its
Opposition. The United States has established preferential
trade with Cuba, an island which it could not have annexed
without British support; and when the question of preferential
trade hung in the balance between the two parties, the scale was
turned in favour of preferential trade by the cry that, without
this, British trade was driving out American trade. The British
commercial classes could do nothing but make the Foreign
Office register a protest, a protest which the Foreign Office
knew beforehand would be disregarded. Mr. Carnegie tried to
prevent preferential trade in the United States lest it should
provoke the British people to establish also preferential trade.
But the American statesmen calculated more accurately than
Carnegie the effects of faction in the United Kingdom. Mr.
Morley declares that he is afraid of trouble with the United
States. The Americans would be angry if the British dared to
imitate them. Lord Rosebery, who professes to stand for the
Empire, and who has been both Foreign Minister and Prime
Minister, says also that he is afraid of the Americans. Still
more recently, Germany has succeeded in establishing a system
of preferential trade throughout Central Europe, that is aimed
directly at British trade; but the capacity for resentment, and
even the instinct of self preservation is paralyzed by the Opposi-
tion. It is needless to say that the Americans are not such
fools as to try to dictate a British tariff.

The reading of Mr. Morley's speech caused me to turn to
some of his writings to see whether his deliberate opinions
agreed with his talk on the hustings; and here is what I find he
says of the disputes about the boundary between British Am-
erica and the United States in the forties, and of Palmerslon's
stand against foreign aggression : — •' Disputes about an Ameri-
can (sic) frontier were bringing us within an ace of war with
the United States. When Peel and Aberdeen got the quarrel
into more promising shape, Palmerston characteristically taunt-
ed them with capitulation." Now, what are the facts? The
fact is that it was Palmerston's attitude in opposition that en-
abled the Foreign Minister to bring the Americans to terms.
On this point there can be no question, because both the Am-
erican Minister (such was the title then) in London, and the
British Ambassador in Washington, and many Americans with
good opportunities of knowing, inform us that the settlement
proposed was accepted by the Senate simply because they saw
that a change of government was about to take place in the
United Kingdom, that Palmerston was coming back to power,
and that Palmerston would not concede more, and probably
would not concede as much if the offered concession was once
rejected. Palmerston's attitude, therefore, was exactly what
secured the settlement of the question. It ought to be added
that this happy result was also due in a large measure to
O'Connell, who publicly declared that if Great Britain would
give Ireland Home-Rule, Ireland would be only too happy to
back up Great Britain in " taming the pride of the American
Eagle."

It may be said that Morley and Rosebery are not really afraid
of the United States, but only affect to be so. But then there

must be some class to whom they are appealing that are already
afraid, or whom they wish to educate into a state of cowardice.
Many queer things are said on the hustings in Ireland, but one
thing can never be talked there, and that is the langujge of
fear. The fact is that there is a class in Great Britain who at
heart are more American and Republican than British and
Monarchical. These men encouraged the American Revolution
and by their assistance enabled it to succeed ; and they will
side, every time, with the United States against their own
country, especially when their own country is represented by
their political opponents. They now want to Americanize the
schools. This class comprises probably the majority of the
Unitarians, of the Baptists, and of some other Seventeenth-
Century Nonconformists. (The Methodists, on the other hand,
have never allowed any dispute with the Anglican Church to
lead them into disloyalty to the State which is allied with that
Church).

1 turn to another part of Mr. Morley's writings. What is to
be thought of a statesman who, in the prime of life, exhibits for
our admiration an old man in his dotage, " babbling of green
fields" in the following fashion, against the maintenance of the
Navy at the two-power standard?" " I am not only an English
but a European statesman. My name stands in Europe for
peace. What would be said (in Europe) of my active participa-
tion in a policy that will be taken as plunging England into a
whirlpool of militarism ?" Such is the language, such are the
sentiments which Mr. Morley considers proper and admirable
under the circumstances. For the poor old man, at his age, no
one will feel anything but a respectful pity, together with a sense
of mourning over what was once so great. But what is to be
thought of the biographer who in the prime of his intellect
agrees in holding that a statesman, in fixing the defences of the
country, should be thinking of his own reputation among
foreigners ?

It is eminently to be desired that the British Opposition
should be speedily saddled with the responsibilities of Govern-
ment, and satiated with the power and emoluments of office.
The longer they remain out, the more unscrupulous they will
become. Never was the " grand old name" of Liberal so " soiled
with all ignoble use," and so " defiled by every charlatan." The
true Liberals are Balfour, Wyndham, and their supporters. The
Opposition, when they get into office, will have to choose
between the Labour Party and the German and Jew financiers
and '• sweaters" of London. They will have to choose between
the Catholics of Ireland and the Rev. Mr. Clifford's party.
What they will do, no one can tell, because they cannot tell,
themselves. But one thing we can tell, and it is this : — " ^"they
can get the support of the Duke of Devonshire and his follow-
ing, they will betray both Labour Party, Nationalists, and
'"Political Dissenters." That which shall be will be, and we
shall see that which there will be to be seen. Meantime, it is a
satisfaction to feel that the King, supported by the Nation, will
be able to guide the foreign policy. Otherwise there would be
much cause for anxiety over the effect of a change. For how
does it happen that the Pro-Boer party, who had no sympathy
for the oppressed British Colonists in the Transvaal, should be so
consumed with sympathy for the blacks of the Congo that they
are anxious to drive the Government into intervention, even
though they are thereby driving the Belgians into the arms of
the Pan-German party ? And how does it happen that the very
party who raise this clamour about the doubtful " atrocities of
the Congo" should be the foremost in denying or excusing the
undoubted atrocities of the Russian autocracy. Belgium is a
free country; Russia is the home of arbitrary government. Is
it then because Belgium is weak, and Russia is strong ? Perhaps
a!l that need be said of the arguments of this faction and of the
audiences that swallow their arguments may be summed up in
the remark of the old Roman— that the lips and the lettuce
agree when an ass is eating thistles.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Cocbranc Street Wctbodist CDurcl).

fi. P. Couwrtlwaitc, IHJI., D.D., Pastor.

By M. A. P.

TANDING at the head of Cochrane Street in this city,
with slender spire rising in graceful lines above the
surrounding buildings, is the handsome edifice known
as the Cochrane Street Methodist Church. We take

pleasure in presenting in THE QUARTERLY an engraving of

this sanctuary, and of the esteemed Pastor thereof, — Rev. Dr.

Cowperthwaite. The mother church of Methodism in this city

has found it necessary, because of growth, to send off-shoots in

times past east and west, so as to provide for the large numbers

attending her communion. In 1873, George Street Church

came into being, followed in 1882 by Cochrane Street Church,

and at a later date by Alexander

Street Church — and still it is found

impossible, even in the larger,

newer Gower Street Church, to

accommodate all who desire to

attend there.

The Cochrane Street Church,

about which we shall speak more

particularly in this article, was

built from the plans of Mr. Gibb,

Architect, at one time resident in

this city. The contract was given

to the late Mr. John Score, and the

cost was $25,000. On the yth Sep-
tember, 1880, Mrs. Job Shenton,

with appropriate ceremonies, laid

the corner stone, and on the i4th

May, 1882, the building was dedi-
cated to the service of Almighty

God by Rev. Charles Ladner,

President of the Conference. The

event was of more than ordinary

importance, and was attended by

evidences of the Christian charity

that existed at that time, and which

still exists between the pastors and

members of the Non-Conformist

Churches. The Rev. D. Beaton

(Congregationalist) preached at the

afternoon service, while the Rev.

L. G. MacNeil (Presbyterian) gave

a fervid discourse in the evening.

We are glad to say that Cochrane

Street Church has, since that day, on many occasions welcomed

the above preachers and their successors in the pastorate of

these churches, and has listened with pleasure and profit to the

scholarly, earnest and practical discourses which have fallen

from their lips.

Cochrane Street Church has been privileged in having in the

Pastorate, divines, eloquent and practical in discourse and wise

in administration. The Rev. George J. Bond, B.A., was the

first pastor, and was followed by Revs. George Vater, Joseph

Parkins, F. R. Duffill. John Pratt, George Paine, James Pincock,

F. W. W. Des Barres, B.A., and H. P. Cowperthwaite, D.D., the

present occupant of the position.

Distinctive in talent, different in method and varied in age as

COCHRANE STREET METHODIST CHURCH.

the above ministers were, they each recognized the fact that
Cochrane Street was essentially a "young people's church."
What a privilege to minister to .those who are upon the thres-
hold of life ! The sapling may be straightened and trained at
will, but the full-grown tree defies your efforts, and your trouble
is for naught. What an influence has been exerted upon the
young men and women who for nigh a quarter of a century
have passed in and out of Cochrane Street Church portals I
Some are to-day labouring as Ministers of the Gospel in this
and other lands, while we claim as ours the first lady missionary
to the foreign field, in the person of Mrs. A. Pinsent who leaves

for Japan in August next. And
has not the young manhood and
womanhood of Cochrane Street
had its influence upon the pastors?
We dare venture the opinion that it
has. Who is therecthat can come
into touch with the vigour and
spontaneity of youth and not feel
the induction of vitality and viril-
ity ? Certainly, not a pastor in
sympathy with his flock. Why,
even the present staid and reverend
doctor of divinity, whom we rejoice
to acknowledge as pastor, feels the
exhilaration and is renewing his
youth !

Because Cochrane Street is the
Church of the young people, the
Sunday School is one of the most
important of the organizations in
connection theiewith. Forty officers
and teachers and over four hundred
scholars are under the direct super-
intendence of the Hon. H. J. B.
Woods, who, although a Sunday
School Superintendent fora quarter
of a century, is also a good example
of the effect of association with the
young, in that he does not seem to
get older, but rather younger, as
the years roll by.

The Epworth League, with Mr.
W. J. Milley as President, is also
a young people's organization in connection with Cochrane St.
Church. It provides the machinery and the opportunity for
the carrying out of practical work by the young people of the
church along the lines of Christian Endeavour, relief of distress,
visitation of the sick, and literary culture. Other departments
there are in connection with this church, dealing with matters
spiritual and matters physical, for we believe in looking after
the body as well as the soul.

We cannot pass, however, without reference to the musical
services for which this church is noted. This work centres in
Mr. Arthur Mews, who. in August of this year, will have com-
pleted twenty-five years of service as an Organist, having first
played in the old Gower Street Church in August 1880. The

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

choir at present consists of twenty-five picked voices — ladies
and gentlemen — and is noted not only for its fine singing, but
also for the esprit de corps which exists amongst the members,
from the basso profundo — Mr. S. H. Parsons, who is another
"young man" — down • to the rosy-cheeked youngest soprano.
The Anniversary Services of the Sunday School are marked by
special singing by the scholars, which we think cannot be
excelled anywhere. .

The church interior is adapted to meet the demands which
the congregation make upon it. The auditorium, capable of
seating from 900 to 1,000 people, is most comfortable and
home-like. The finish is in pitch-pine, which has become of a
dark rich colour with the lapse of time. The pulpit and com-
munion are of walnut, while the walls, painted a light green,
form a pleasant and restful contrast. The school rooms are
under the church proper, and are divided into main room, prim-
ary rooms, class rooms and library.

The presiding genius of this church is the Rev. Doctor
Cowperthwaite, a man widely .known
and highly esteemed, not only in
Newfoundland, but also in the neigh-
bouring Continent.

a man ; at the eloquence born of close kinship and sympathy
with mankind ; at the pointed and practical thought coming out
of an experience of over half a century ? What a privilege for
the young people of Cochrane Street Church to have such a one
to inspire them with faith and hope I Aye, and for the old
people, too, who appreciate the good Doctor to the full, and
wish him many years of happy service in proclaiming the glad
tidings of the old Gospel.

H Faithful friend.

fty W. P. Wornell, Brigus.
WHEN times of grief and sorrow come,

And life seems wrapped in fruitless aims ;
Who has not found a joy untold,

To have a friend to share his pains ?

After spending three

DR. COWPERTHWAITE was born at
Sheffield, N. B., on November 3oth,
1838, was ordained at Halifax in
1867, and graduated at Mount Allison
College, taking the degree of A.B. in
1867, A.M. in 1870, and D.D. in
1903. The Doctor was stationed on
the following Circuits before coining
to Newfoundland : In New Bruns-
wick, at Sussex Vale, Fairville, and at
Queen Square. St. John ; in Nova
Scotia, at Pugwash, Windsor, and
Horton ; in Prince Edward Island, at
Tryon, Cornwall, and Charlottetown,
arriving in Newfoundland July i5th,
1890. His fivst charge was Gower
Street — the mother church — where he
was a successful pastor for three years;
then George Street, and Carbonear.
years on this last named Circuit, Gower Street unanimously
invited him for a second term. He .remained there for four
years, then coming to Cochrane Street where he is just com-
pleting his second year.

The Church has highly honoured the reverend gentleman, he
having been elected President of the New Brunswick and Prince
Edward Island Conference in 1889, and President of the New-
foundland Conference in 1896.

Dr. Cowperthwaite was married in July, 1867 to Miss Annie
S. Buchanan, daughter of W. M. Buchanan, Esq., of Glasgow,
Scotland, sometime Lecturer in -Chemistry and Geology in con-
nection with the University of Glasgow.

Dr. and Mrs. Cowperthwaite have three children — Dr. Walter,
of Sydney, C. B., Dr. Hunter, of this city, and Mrs. March,
wife of W. S. March, Esq., Ph. D., also of St. John's.

Rev. Dr. Cowperthwaite is a man of large experience, broad
views and deep sympathies ; a man who keeps abreast of the
thought and the movement of the age ; liberal enough to give a
chance to the new idea, but sufficiently conservative to keep it
from ousting the old idea till it had proved its right to do so.
Can you wonder at the attractiveness of the preaching of such

REV. H. P COWPERTHWAITE, M.A., D.D.

When 'midst the highways of our life
The great mad world looms in our view,

And cheering words and looks we need —
Do not we need a friend that's true ?

As on this earth we often meet
With disappointment and despair;

And troubles thickly round us rise;

How good to have a friend who's dear ?

As one lone being on an isle
finds no one to caress or cheer,

So does a friendless youth in life
Miss that which others hold so dear.

Oh ! who can value half the worth
Of one, to whom our deepest thought

We can relate, and feel secure,

Because his heart with love is wrought ?

Be it our aim to find a friend,
That in a time of trouble stands

Ready with fond word to heal

The aching heart, with prompt amends.

When home surroundings are no more

But city's din is in our ears.
And home's fond hearts are far away,

And strangers chance to heighten cares.

Then some one's love we crave, to fill
The vacant spot our hearts attain

Some loving faces us to greet.

To cheer and raise our hopes again.

Oh ! can this earth a picture show
That's sadder than a friendless life ?

Or can an artist paint the joy

Of one who's found a loving wife ?

Oh 1 how we feel our pulses thrill ;

When some one whom we love has given
A token of their love teturned.

Of hopes fulfilled, of barriers riven.

May friends be true in word and deed,
And seek to act as good, as true,

As doth become a constant friend,
For then no fault there'ill be to rue.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

D)p First Salmon.

By Dan. Carroll.

FAR up the river the cascades leap,
The shallow rapids in tumult sweep,
The deep brown tints where the waters sleep

Are lit by the glint and gleeming
Of sun-flecked foam that weaves in glee;
But this shadow holdeth a charm for me,
So I'll stay to find of \vhat mystery

The still deep pool is dreaming.

The flies with an artful hand I've hung;
The line is long and the cast is flung.

And drawn close up where the rattle plays,

With expectant hand and steady :
Graceful it sweeps o'er the waters clear,
When presto! — a thrill akin to fear —
A roll — a plunge — a strike! a cheer;

Then the captor's instincts my spirit sways,
And my staunch canoe stands ready.

The rod is raised and the reel awakes;
Oh ye who've fished over teeming lakes,
Who know how the " Silver Doctor" takes.

Know, too, of the joy that thrilled me
As melts the line from the reel away :
Will he never pause, will he never stay ?

Is the pent-up thought that fills me.

Oh the screaming reel and the wild career
Of that racing fish, and the straining
For victory ;
The repeatedly

Recovered line, and the gaining
Of advantage grand.
As we near the strand,
Where the glitt'ring sand is drifted;
Till it seemed to me,
In my ecstacy

E'en the green-brown rocks they lifted
Their sparkling heads o'er the waters clear,

And the deeper currents swelling,
The song of the crystal spray to hear,
For I ween that the river far and near

The tale of the chase was telling,
»****»

That full fulfilment of promised joy.
I travelled a thousand miles to know;
Now oft comes a whisper, " Rise and go

There are greater gods than Mammon."
And I dream of that river far away.
Lit by a halo of silv'ry spray,
Where I caught a wonderous fish one day,

My first, my brave first salmon.

Over the city's ceaseless roar, —

The scream of traffic's relentless war ; —
The noise of the million restless feet

On the hot parched pavement falling; —
There comes a song to me evermore,

From the wooded banks of a stream afar.
" Come from the dust of the city street,
Here is the sportsman's true retreat.
Come where the lakes are beauteous, come f
This land of mine is the hunter's home
Where antlered monarchs in freedom roam

Thro' vistas of scenes enthralling."
Ever o'er Gotham's ceaseless beat
Of monster works, and the furnace heat;
" Finances frenzy"; the " set's" deceit ;
To the heart of my longings in accents sweet,
The voice of the Humber is calling.

HUMBER RIVER.

rtn Interesting Seller from an Old neutfoundlander.

WE have much pleasure in reproducing the following letter
from a subscriber in Australia. Although he is 91 years old,
his handwriting, his own assertion to the contrary notwithstand-
ing, is as firm as that of many a man not half his years. The
Mr. Grieve he speaks of was uncle of Mr. Walter Baine Grieve,
of this city. Some of our older readers may remember the
writer, so we give his letter in full, and incidently illustrate the
saying, that the QUARTERLY, like its namesake the Newfound-
lander, is found in all parts of the world.

" MOOLARA," South Yarra, Melbourne, Feb. 1st, 1905.
Mr. John J. Evans, 34 Prescott Street, St. John's, Nfld. :

Dear Sir, — Thanks for THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY, which duly
came to hand. The contents send me back to my early days in dear old
Terra Nova, the land of my birth, 6th March, 1814, when my grandfather,
Sheriff Bland, was then High Sheriff of the Island. And among other
interesting names and places, I see the photo, of my good old friend Mr.
Walter Grieve, who must now be somewhere near my own age, and glad
am I to see he looks so hale and hearty. Many other names I see must be
sons of those I knew so well. Should you see Mr. Grieve tell him I am
still in the land of the living; but'my dear wife, whom he will likewise
remember, passed away about eight years ago. He will remember our
marriage, as he was my best man at it. The Rev. Francis Vey was Curate
of the church here, of which I am senior warden, but is now over in Auk-
land, New Zealand. He writes me he is very happy and comfortably
placed there. Old age is making my hand shake, but general health good.
Excuse this yarn, I only intended it to enclose subscription for two years
of "The Newfoundland Quarterly." Yours very truly.

J. B. HUTTON.

MEMO.— I find the Post Office here cannot give an order direct, but that
the London office will send the order on, and that you will find it at the
Post Office in your own city. Our money is still £ s. d., so the order is
for 55. stg. They tell me this is the first P. O. Order ever issued here for
your part of the world, and could give me no document to enclose.

J. B. H.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Award our Material
the "Palm," for Cor-
rectness of Style
and Durability.

Jackman

Tne
Tailor's

Ladies' Furnishing Department

Corner Adelaide & New Gower Streets.

CONSTABULARY fIRE DEPARTMENTS-EIRE ALARM TELEGRAPH.

EASTERN DISTRICT.

NO. LOCATION OF BOXES.

12 — Temperance Street, foot Signal hill Road.

13 — Factory Lane.

J4 — Water Street, foot Cochrane Street.

15 — Duckworth Street, corner King's Road.

16 — Cochrane Street, corner Gower Street.

17 — Colonial Street, corner liond Street.

18 — Water Street, East.

112 — Inside Hospital, Forest Road, special box.
113 — Penitentiary, corner Quidi Vidi Road.
114 — -Military Road, corner King's Bridge Road
115 — Circular Road, corner Bannerman Road.
116 — King's Bridge Rd., near Railway Crossing
117 — Opposite Government House Gate.
1 1 8— Rennie's Mill Road.

CENTRAL DISTRICT.

21 — Head Garrison Hill.

22 — Water Street, foot Prescott Street.

23 — Water Street, foot McBride's Hill.

24 — Gower Street, corner I'rescott Street.

25 — Court House Hill.

26 — Duckworth Street, corner New Gower Street .

27 — Cathedral Square, foot Garrison Hill.

28 — Long's Hill, and corner Livingstone Street.
221 — Military Road, Rawlins' t ross.
223 — Hayward Avenue, corner William Street.
224 — Maxse Street.

225 — Gate Roman Catholic Orphanage, Uelvedere.
226 — Carter's Hill and Cookstown Road.
227 — Lime Street and Wickford Couit.
228 — Freshwater Road and Cookstown Road.
231 — Scott Street, corner Cook Street.
232 — Inside Savings' Hank, special box.
233 — Flamming Street.
234 — Queen's Road, corner Allen's Square.
235 — Centre Carter's Hill.

WESTERN DISTRICT.

31 — Water Street, foot Adelaide Street.

32 — New Gower Street, corner Queen Street.

34 — Waldugrave and George Street.

35 — Water Street, foot Springdale Street.

36 — Water Street, foot Patrick Street.

37 — Head Pleasant Street.

38 — Brazil's Square, corner Casey Street.

39 — Inside Boot & Shoe Factory, special box.
312 — Horwood Factory.
313 — LeMarchant Rd., head Springdale St.
331 — LeMarchant Rd., head Barter's Hill.
332 — Pleasant Street.

42 — Southside, near Long Bridge.

43 — Central, Southside.

44 — Dry Dock.

45 — Southside, West.

46 — Road near Lower Dundee Premises.

On the discovery of a fire, go to the nearest box, break the glass, take the key, open the door of the large box. and give the alarm by pulling the Hook all the way down once, Ihen let
go and listen for the working ot the machinery in the box. If you do not hear it, pull again. After giving the alarm, remain at the box, so as to direct the Fire Brigade where to go.
CAUTION. — Persons wilfully giving false alarms, or damaging the Kire Alarm apparatus, will be rigorously prosecuted.
"FIRE OUT SIGNAL." — Two strokes on the large Hell, repeated three times, thus: II — II — II.

JOHN R. McCOWEN, Inspector-General.

PUBLIC NOTItf.

\lk/HEREAS considerable difficulty has been experienced
in Departments of His Majesty's Government in Eng-
land in connection with the attestation of signatures to docu-
ments executed in this Colony and required for use by Foreign
Governments, by reason of a lack of knowledge of the genuine-
ness of the signatures to the same ;

Those of the Public, therefore, who may have occasion to
send certificates, or powers of attorney, or judicial acts to any
of the Departments of His Majesty's Government in England
for legal use in England or in any Foreign Country, are hereby
notified that in future they will require to have such documents
authenticated in this Colony by His Excellency the Governor or
the Officer for the time being administering the Government..

R. BOND,

Colonial Secretary.
Colonial Secretary's Office,
May nth, 1905.

NEWEOINDLAND PENITENTIARY.

BROOM DEPARTMENT.

Brooms, & Hearth Brushes, * Whisks.

(@=A11 orders addressed to the undersigned will receive prompt
attention.

ALEX. A. PARSONS, Superintendent.

Newfoundland Penitentiary, June, i<?oj.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

CAPT. CLARK,

S. S. ROSALIND RED CROSS LINE.

"T" i F C™ d

i ' n c. r"

GROSS LI

SAILING BETWEEN

,* SAILING BETWEEN ..*

New York, Halifax, N. S., and St. John's, N. F.

For a short vacation, the round trip
by one of these steamers is hard to
beat, and is cheap enough to suit the
most modest purse.

AGENTS:

HARVEV & Co., and BOWRING. BROS., LTD., St. John's, N. F.
G. S. CAMPBELL & Co., Halifax, N. S.
BOWRING & Co., 17 State Street, New York.

UP-TO-DATE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION.

Rates — To New York, Single. .. .$34.00 ; Return ... .$60.00 ; Steerage ....$ 1 3.00 ; Return. ,. .$25.00

" Halifax,

.... 18.00 ;

34.00 ;

6.00 ;

12.00

FREIGHT CARRIED AT THROUGH RATES TO ALL POINTS.

CAPT. FARRELL.

S. S. SILVIA RE1) CROSS LINE.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

NEWFOUNDLAND

LIME-SAND BRICKS.

(Size — 9 x 4^ x 3).

WE GUARANTEE THESE BRICKS

As Good and Cheaper

Than any Imported Brick.

GOOD PRESSED FACE-BRICKS

Selling at Lowest
Market Rates by The

MWIOIMM \M> BRICK & MAMI ACIlRIMi Co., Ltd.,
E. H. & G. DAVEY, Managers.

Telephone, 345. Brick Plant Works, JOB'S Cove.

Water Street, St. John's.

Everything you need for __
Camping and Picnic Season.

200 cases Tinned Meats (T^C
Fruit in Tins, dt Fruit in Glass.
Pickles, Sauces, Syrups, Cordials.
Irish Hams & Bacon, Irish Pig's
Heads, Fidelity Hams & Bacon.

J. D. RYAN,

281 Water Street.

Notice to Mariners,

NEWFOUNDLAND.

No. 2 of 19O5.

Notice to Mariners.

NEWFOUNDLAND.

No. 3 of 19O5.

IRON ISLAND,

Off entrance to Burin, Placentia Bay.

SQUAREY ISLAND,

on the Port hand entrance to Bonavista Harbor.

Latitude. . . 47° 02' 40" North
Longitude.. 55° 06' 50" West.

Latitude. . . 48° 39' oo" North
Longitude.. 53° 07' 40" West .

(Vide Notice to Mariners No. 8, '04.)

I^OTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that a square pyramidal
wood Tower, with flat roofed keeper's dwelling attached
to Northein side all painted White, has been erected on Iron
Island, from which, on and after the 22nd May, inst., a BELL,
struck by machinery, will be sounded during thick or foggy
weather, giving ONE STKOKE EVERY TEN SECONDS.

ELI DA WE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries,

Department of Marine and Fisheries, St. John's, Newfoundland,
May ist, 1905.

IVIOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that a square pyramidal
' ^ wood Tower, with octagonal drum and lantern, all painted white,
has been erected on Squarey Island from which a Fixed Red 6th order
Dioptric I-ight will be exhibited on and after the first day of July (instant).

The light is elevated S7 feet above sea level and should be seen in all
directions seaward from a distance of nine miles.

Height from sea level to base of tower 39 feet 6 inches.

Height from base of tower to ventilator on to]) of lantern 2 1 feet 9 inches.

The Keeper does not reside at the station.

Owing to the uncertainty of landing on the Island, the light will be con-
tinuous and not constantly watched.

EUI DAWE,
Minister of Marine and Fisheries.
Department of Marine and Fisheries St. John's, Newfoundland, July, 1905.

T. J.

151 Duckworth Street, J» 112 Military Road.
IMPORTER OF

Fine Groceries, Fruit, Confectionery,
Provisions, Feeds, etc,

Special attention given to

Tourist's and Sportsman's Outfits,

Price List sent on application.

ORDERS SOLICITED.

We Guarantee the Quality of our Goods.

T. J.

The Best is *g *£ *
The Best and Cheapest,

G. Browning & Son's

Biscuits and Crackers

Are acknowledged
to be the Best

Sold by all Shop Keepers,
j» fifty Varieties.

•\**ns*ts\

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Supreme Court ot Newfoundland

List of Deputy Sheriffs.

SOUTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDKNCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMKS.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES. •

Ferryland

George Geary.
John T. Fitzgerald.
William Trainer.

Belleoram

William Grandy.
Joseph Camp.
Benjamin Chapman.
Albert Kelland.
Matthew Nash.
Prosper A. Garden.
James H. Wilcox.
Henry Gallop.
Thomas B. Doyle.
Abraham Tilley.
M. E. Messervey.
Simeon Jennex.
Daniel J. Gilker.
Geo. Halfyard.

(

, Pushthrough

Placentia and St. Mary's.

Francis R. Curtis.
A. Collins.

Burgeo

Burgeo and La Poile ....
St. George

Ramea

P •

, 1

Peter Manning.
Howard Parsons.
Stephen While.
Cyrus Heck, sr.

William G. 1'ittman.
Eli 11 an is.

Channel

Flit Island

Codroy

Robinson's Head

St. George — Sandy I't. .
Wood's Island

(' - 1 P- k

St Barbe

NORTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMKS.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

St Barbe

James Johnson.

Noah Verge.
Isaac Manuel.
John C. James.
Noah Miller.
Edmond Benson.
R. Currie.
Caleb Tuck.
George Janes.
George Leawood.

La Scie
Tilt Cove .

Constable T. Walsh.
Thus. E. Wells.
Peter Campbell.
Thomas Roberts.
William Lanning.
Peter Moores.
J. T. Hendle.
George S. Lilly.
Alfred G. Young.
William Baird.

Bonaventure

I -ittle Bay

Little Bay Islands. .

Leading Tickles

Bay Bull's Arm

.Exploits

Eliel Noseworthy.
George Bussey.
Charles Rendell.
A. Targett.
Moses Bursey.
Reuben Curtis.
Eli Garland.
Ewen Kennedy.
Ernest Forward.-
John Trapnell.
Jesie Gosse.
A. Hieilihy.
Benjamin Butler.
William Cole.
James Murphy.
William Maher.
William Butler.
John H. Ley.
John H. Bennett.
Edward Harding.

T\villingate

Moreton's Harbor
Fogo

Ambrose Fitzgerald.
George Foster.
Philip Perry.
John Porter.
Robert Pike.
Adam Bradley.
Jacob Hefferton.
Wm. Sainsbury.
Peter Roberts.

Barr'd Island

Lower Island Cove. . . .

Change Islands

„

Gander Bay

(

Musgrave Harbor,. ..

Harbor Grace

Pinchard's Island .

• J

Bay Roberts

Brigus
Conception Harbor . . .

Port -de-Grave
Harbor Main ,. . .

Greenspond

„

Thomas Wornell.
Charles Kean.

Glovertown

Gambo

Middle Bight

Brooklyn

Bell Isl'd— Lance Cove.
Bell Island— Beach

Salvage

John Burden.

Alexander Bay

King's Cove. .

June, 1905.

JAMES CARTER, Sheriff, Newfoundland.
W. J. CARROLL, Sub-Sheriff,

!"« Place to Get a Suit of Clothes

Made to Order, or Readymade, is

We keep in stock English, Scotch and Canadian goods.
Also, Shirts, Ties, Caps, Braces, etc. ,,*,,««„•«

C. J. MALONE, ,« Tailor and Furnisher,

268 Water Street.

Parlor, Dining and
Office Furniture.

Church Seats.

Venetian Blinds
Made to Order.

T. MARTIN,^

Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer,

38 New Cower Street.

Repairing Furniture Horses and Vans for

a Speciality. Removing Pianos, &c.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

CD* Uloodland Caribou.

By IV. A. B. Sclater.

SHOT NEAR THE RAILWAY TRACK.

?HE "Woodland C-iribou" is -the only representative of
the Great Reindeer family " Cervus Tarandus" found
in Newfoundland. Others of the family are Mountain
Caribou, Queen Charlotte's Islands ; Greenland Cari-
bou, and a smaller one called the Barren Lands Caribou, found
on the shores of Hudson's Bay and Northern Labrador.

Our Woodland Caribou is by far the finest of the family, as
well as the largest, and is really confined to the Island. None
of the others approach him in beauty of form, nor do any of
them carry such beautiful antlers (many having been taken with
from forty to fifty points). There are two migrations each year,
one from the south towards the north-west parts of the Island,
where in May and June they bring forth their young. The old
bucks of the herd then take to the higher ground, and the does
to the river banks and small marshes in the woods, where they
bring up their young and hide from the bucks, who, it is well
known, would kill or maim the fawns through jealousy. Many
are destroyed at this time by wolf and lynx. The second migra-
tion begins as soon as the weather becomes stormy, and the
frosts set in, about the end of October, towards the south-east.
Not all, however, come south, as many are found on the barren
hills of the north and west all winter. About the end of August
and early in September, the does begin to leave the river banks
and gather in herds on the higher grounds, and big marshes,
where they meet the stags coming up fiom the north. On the
first of October the rutting season begins, and lasts about
twenty-five days. After that, if the weather is fine and soft,

they move back to their old feeding grounds, and remain till
the frosts and snow drive them south. They swim lakes, rivers,
and even arms of the sea in their migration.

The males shed their antlers every year, but the females do not,
and as a proof that it is so, many does are found in early spring
with antlers not coverd with velvet, while others are found in
summer with the velvet still on. The horn covering, or velvet
as it is called, is formed of minute points of the veins or blood
vessels which nourished the antler when growing. The antler
at this time is very soft and easily broken, and for this reason
the stags keep to the barrens and high lands. After the first of
September the bucks begin to clean their horns and get the velvet
off them. The horn-covering or velvet having been got rid of,
a quantity of blood remains on the horn, which gives it the red
color so much coveted by sportsmen.

On one occasion I saw a stag cleaning his horns on an old
stump in a marsh, near a shallow pond, into which he waded
several times, going back each time to the stump for another
rub. A long strip of velvet appeared to give him some trouble
to get rid of, as he had to make several trips to the old stump
before he did so. Was he using the pond as a dressing glass ?
After the velvet has been all removed the antlers are hard and
strong (and they need be), for now the fighting goes on in
very earnest, and many a broken antler, and torn hide have I
seen by the last of October.

They generally fight with the front feet, rising on their hind
legs and striking out with the fore. The outcome of the fight

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

is pretty hard on the beaten one, as every doe in his herd will
join those following his rival. At this time the stags are easily
called within range by making a noise rather like the grunting
of a pig.

On the Gaff Topsail grounds a few years ago one of the
guides with a party of sportsmen put the skin and antlers of a
stag over his head, walking out into the marsh gave the usual
call. Well ! the old gent responded ; and had no help been at
hand, the old guide would have had a bad half hour; as it was
he did not get over the fright for the day. They are easily
approached from the leeward side, but with the slightest whiff
from windward, they are off back over the track they came by,
a practice often taken advantage of by old hunters.

The number of Caribou on the Island has, I think, been
greatly over-estimated. I have heard (interested) people say that
one million would be near the mark, others again one quarter
of that number; but if you leave out the inhabited district, and
also that much frequented by people, as well as the great lakes
and rivers, and allow three to the square mile, I think that fifty
thousand would be nearer the mark. Some one will say that
there are more than three to the mile ; true, as to some miles,
but there are many miles which contain not one: even in the
best deer country. I have hunted the famous Gaff-Topsail
grounds for clays to get meat for camp,' without having seen one.
and I have found it just the same in other parts of the country
during the summer when the deer are scattered all over the
feeding grounds.

They suffer greatly from the attacks of the black fly, and al. o
of the deer fly, 'which deposits its eggs in the hide along each
side of the back bone and in the nostrils. Later on those eggs
grow; to such a size as to completely fill the nostrils, while those
deposited near the back bone look like huge black-heads, and if
the lijicle be removed (in June) they will be found to have pene-
trate^l the skin, which when dressed will be found full of holes
and useless for any purpose. The hair of" the Caribou is biit'lc :
and like that of most of the deer family, hollow anil very light

— 'a small bag filled with it will keep the weight of a man afloat
The form of the Caribou's foot is rather curious. Between
the toes is a cell-like cavity, which is not seen till the hoof is
split open. It is lined with hair, and old hunters call it the
scent-bottle, and say that when the deer suspects the approach
of an enemy, he lifts the hind foot, smells it, and is off at oncei
I think, however, that it has something to do with the expanding
of the hoof when going over snow or soft marshes. They are
easily approached from the lee side, but if they get the slightest
whif of you from the windward they are off. They don't appear
to trust much to their eyes, for unless moving they take no
notice of man.

And now a word as to how the slaughter on the West and
North Coasts is carried out. The arrangement is a kind of
grub-stake affair. The hunters are fitted out by a local man
with powder, shot and provisions, he paying himself out of the
proceeds of the trip. The method is this: the hunters go upas
far as possible into the country by boat, and camp. They then
scatter all over the hills tin1 a herd is found, when the whole
party starts together, and one man takes charge. His busij
ness is to place the men, with guns, in the different leads,
one man in each; and when all is ready he goes round to the
windward of the herd and starts driving them towards the leads.
The waiting hunter shoots the leading deer, the others turn
back to another lead to be met in the same manner, and so
on till the deer become so frightened that they flock together,
and are often nearly all killed by the hunters who have closed
in round them. The number taken would not nearly represent
the number destroyed, as about sixty per cent, are does, which
would in a few weeks drop their fawns, and many wounded
would escape to die in agony in the bush. When the hunters
are satisfied — that is when they can get no more — the carcasses
are taken to the edge of the ice, to be left there till the steamer
calls for them. If mild weather prevails, many are thrown
away; but, if frosty, the meat comes to St. John's fresh. Con-
sidering the slaugnter by market hunters and tourists, the wonder
is that they are not decreasing.

Photo by S. II. Parsons.

WHEN MIGRATING THEY SWIM I.AKKS, RIVERS, ANT) EVEN ARMS OF THF. SEA.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

H Yankee's Impressions or Pciuroundlana

Us a Sportsmen's Resort.

By L. F, Brown, New York,
& FTER two visits to Newfoundland and much experi- tism of Newfoundland lies rather in her superb loneliness, her

^.j ence, study "and recollection, what most impresses
^ me is the novelty, unexpectedness and absorbing
interest of the sylvan scenery. Tundras, headlands,
pinnacles, scantily forested barrens, gray moss, bake-apple

GOING UP GRAND LAKE.

berries, and a wildness and remoteness that in regions like
upper Red Indian and Grand Lakes and the upper Humber
Valley, grip the heart with a half sense of fear, so appalling and
removed from human presence are the streams, forests, lakes
and mountains. It is not that the caribou shooting is fine, that
the trout-fishing is practically omnipresent in the lakes almost
always in sight of the traveller or the canoeist, that the grilse
and salmon and sea-trout are in every stream, up which they
can go from salt water. That sport may be had in Quebec,
Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick in rich measure. The hypno-

majestic repose, and the unusual landscapes.

No man who has a heart can pass through the Humber canon
unmoved. Steady Brook Falls, Marble Mountain, the clear,
dark river, the cliffs and colors, heights crowned with cedar and
spruce, fairly burn their own personalites into the heart of the
beholder. No more silent, remote, charming spots than Glover
Island of Grand Lake, or Buchan Island where the last of the
Red Indians left this world. The weird, strange forms of the
Topsails looking down on those leagues of splintered rock; the
fantastic forms into which the water has carved the ravines and
recesses of Kilty's Brook, the absolute and grateful knowledge
of breathing air no one ever breathed before. It is so refreshing
and delightful to the man on vacation from the States, to look
O'.:t on a dozen " ponds," some of them over thirty rnile^ l<->n<j.
o'hers to be seen from both sides of his tent, u.n . 01 uuntin<,-
trail, and know that practically no one has ever fi>hed there;
that no boats are on the smaller lakes, which are vet full of

TENTING ABOVE UPPER END OF GRANT) LAKE.

SHOT AT UPPER HUMBER, B1RCHY LAKE.

trrut. The wealth of angling and hunting possibilities is bewil-
dering. And how the countrj mesmerizes is shown by the fact
that after a fortnight in Newfoundland, the views on the return
hoipe, as seen from the windows of the train as it passes through
Cape Breton, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Maine seem
" stale, flat and- unprofitable."

The hard, stern life of tbfe natives, their honesty, simplicity,
and he.ilthful fortitude; and happiness amid such stern experi-
ences, their unfailing courtesy and welcome to the sportsman,
and tireless care and attention when camp attendants, the com-
parative absence of money and the substitution of barter, the
meils of canned rabbits, bike-apple sauce, marmalade and
inevitable tea, the children swarming in many a tiny home,
t'leir gooJ health, and often ragged and bearfooted exposure to
wet and cold; the forest fires, hundreds of miles of fire swept

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

LOOKING FOR CARIBOU TRACKS.

country lying in sad ruin and desolation ; the softer scenes such
as at Bay of Islands and St. George's Ponrl; the chuckling,
racing waters over and between rocks often so thick that the
bottom of the stream seems half above it; the Gut and Protest-
ant Chapel at Placentia, the numerous islands at Notre Dame
Bay ; the salmon swarming up the Falls above Willow Steady
on the Humber; the sombre, blue-black Blomidon with snow on
its league-long sides, even in August; and superb Serpentine;
the unknown regions swarming with caribou west of Fortune
Bay ; the waters at Holyrood changed in hue by the myriads of
caplin that have come to lay their eggs in that sandy beach, the
shore piled with the dead fish in a row a foot deep, three feet
wide and two miles long; the dull red of the sails everywhere
as the cod-fishing smacks go in and out ; the flakes, queer smells,
moss on the vars and cedars, density of the jungles, thronging
robins.

It is an Arcadia full of wild
wood-violets all through the short
summer. Up Bottom Brook we
saw acres of lilies of the valley,
blossoming all unseen. Queerly
colored orchids bloomed right be--
side the railroad track at Harry's
Brook sidiug. And those unique,
grateful features of Newfoundland
made our hearts clasp and hold it
with a love that can never cease.

Sport ? We took salmon, grilse,
sea-trout and brook-trout all right
from one pool on Bottom Brook.
From Pinch Gut stream, that flows
into upper St. George's Pond, •!
took a twenty-three pound salmon,
From the pools of what they call
Force de la Plain on Harry's
Brook, not over a mile from the
Railroad track, I took nine salmon
inan hour and half. Oliver Benoit,
of Main River, acting as my guide.
Sea-trout were taken at pleasure
near the pier at Placentia ; brook
trout that were large enough to
make my photographers eyes bulge
and to say, " He's got another
whale" were taken from Villa
Marie Pond.

As I write this, the longing to- return to the island is so great
as to be almost painful. Every wave and stream seemed to sing
a song of welcome to us; each forest around us was like a
shelter and benediction. Twice in that far land the writer has
drank deep of the fountains of returning health. Mny it be and
remain majestic, grand, and shelter the ardent sportsmen for
many and many a long year.

Still the memories of those two vacations throng and haunt
us. Deer Lake at evening, Micquelon, the flowers among the
sand at City Point. I cannot write soberly of that island.

ON A LONG PORTAGE, UPPER GRAMD LAKE.

Che Inucsiiiurc of tbe pallium

Bp Bis 6race flrcbbisbop Boiclep, 23rd June, 1905.

GATHER within the Temple —

Come from afar and near !
Prelates, and priests and people —

As of old, " It's good to be here I"

Come in your joy and gladness —

Come in your faith and love ;
For the trembling soul awaiting

Stands stamp'd from the HAND above 1

This is his cherish'd birthland!

Climb'd to the " Heights" has he!
Stainless his life and garments —

Simple, yet noble ! and we ? —

We are his spiritual children —

We are his loving flock —
Proud of the " Keys of Peter"

Proud of the ancient " Rock !"

Proud of the man invested —

In the Church he so adorns !
Proud of the added garlands

Won in a path of thorns !

Bells in yon lofty steeple

Let the peals of your gladness glide

O'er the depths of the throbbing ocean,
To the heart of the forest wide !

For this is his cherished Birthland,
Climb'd to the " Heights" has he ;

So gather we in our thousands
This beautiful sight to see !

E. C.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY

Cbc flrrtoal of tbc Wail in tbe Olden times.

A true story of Old St. Johns. '

i. N a morning, early in the spring of 182-, a quiver of
excitement ran through the old town of St. John's,
from the " Rising Sun" to the " Traveller's Joy.'1
The report had spread abroad that a vessel had
1 arrived at Bay Bulls with a large Mail on board. Hence the
unwonted stir and bustle.

The tiine of which I am speaking was long before the estab-
lishment of a Regular Mail, or Post Office. Judge Prowse
indeed tells us in his History that a " Primitive Post Office" was
established as far back as 1805, by Simon Solomon, the father
of William Solomon, who was afterwards our first Postmaster-
General. The rates for letters from Canada ranged from seven-
pence to two shillings and nine-pence half-penny ! But this In-
stitution was very " primitive" indeed, and very little availed of.

It was thought much safer and more expeditious to send
letters in charge of any private traveller who would be found
obliging enough to take them.

The mails from Europe generally came out in care of the
captains of the merchant vessels, and were consigned to the
Mercantile House to which the ship itself was consigned. The
Head of the House or chief agent, became, on the arrival of a
vessel, Postmaster for the time being, and distributed the letters
and papers to their addresses. During the winter months when
the arrivals were few and far between, the receipt of mail was,
as may be imagined, a matter of great interest and importance.

On the occasion to which I allude the excitement was more
intense than usual. It had been a long hard winter with a con-
tinuance of storms, and there had been no arrival in port for the
past three months and a half. We had now reached the begin-
ning of April and the snow still lay in deep banks along the
country paths and the harbor was blocked with drift ice, and it
would have been quite impossible for any vessel to make port.
Several were expected with salt and Bridport goods for the
coming summer's fishery, but with this interminable ice-blockade
no one expected the arrival of a vessel.

Nevertheless, as I stated above, the rumor had started ; no
one knew how or where, that a vessel had arrived at Bay Bulls.
It was one of those strange unaccountable rumors which seem
to arise by spontaneous generation. The rumor was vague and
undefined at first, but as the morning hours advanced towards
noon it began to take more definite shape and form.

It soon began to be bruited abroad that it was the brig
Magnolia, thirty days out from Bridport, and consigned to
Bully & Job ; that she had five bags of mails, and that they
were now being brought on over-land by some of the crew or
some of the men of Bay Bulls. Finally it was definitely stated
that the mail would arrive at 3 p.m.

In those days the only way of approach from Bay Bulls to
St. John's was by the foot-path over the Long Ridge, through
Shoal Bay and Petty Harbour, and thence by the path over the
Southside Hill, reaching the Riverhead of St. John's a little
above where the Long Bridge now stands.

As the time advanced towards three o'clock a great concourse
of people was seen wending their way up the " Lower Path"
towards Riverhead : some in anxiety to hear the latest news,
others merely attracted by curiosity and the fineness of the

H false rtlarm.

By Most Rev. M. F. Howley, D.D.
weather. There had been a slight snap of frost during the night

which had dried up the street, and the walking and sliding were
pleasant. The crowd converged towards a well-known tavern
called " THE TRAVELLER'S JOY."

This tavern was kept by one John Cahill, and was situated at
the extremity of the town, just where the houses began to thin
out and the road to take on the appearance of a country path.
It stood about opposite the gate of the present West-End (Vic-
toria) Park. It had a very conspicuous swinging sign-board, on
which, besides the names of the tavern and its keeper in bril-
liant lettering, there were also two poetical distichs. That facing
the town ran as follows, addressed to outward bound travellers :

" Before the Traveller's Joy you pass

Step in and take a parting glass !"

while the one on the country side, intended to greet the eye of the
returning wayfarer, contained the following enticing invitation :

" Now that your journey's almost over

•Step in your spirits to recover!"

The genial Caliil was in his element on this sunny April after-
noon. The crowd, though perhaps they could not with any show
of decency put forward the plea of " bona fide traveller," still
they found it hard to resist the invitation couched in such entic-
ing poetical diction, so many of them while waiting patronized
the bar. As a consequence they were in very good humour,
and quite an amount of impromptu amusement and fun was
indulged in.

Promptly at three o'clock, live strapping young fellows were
seen just emerging from the low copse of underwood that cap-
ped the brow of the Southside Hill, each carrying on his back
a large bag containing the long expected mail : the letters and
newspapers of the last three or four months. As the boys ap-
peared in full view, striding along down the hill-side, a great
shout of welcome rang out from the excited crowd, while the
elder and more sedate ones already revelled by anticipation in
the feast of literature and general news of the world which they
should enjoy for the next couple of weeks in perusing the latest
newspapers. There were very few magazines in those days,
only the Gentleman's Magazine, The Rambler, The Mechanics ',
The Penny Magazine, and a few others.

It was not long before the mail carriers had reached the foot
of the hill and crossed the river on the ice, for it was not yet
broken up, and they were received with unrepressed demonstra-
tions of joy. The bags were taken from them and placed on a
couple of dogslides that were in waiting and were soon on the
way at full speed to Bully & Job's office which was down near
the lower end of the town. The excited crowd followed after,
while some took care of the couriers, bringing them into Cahil's
and getting a good meal for them and probably a small libation
of the beverage so highly lauded on the poetical sign-board.
Some endeavoured to get by viva voce the news of the day from
the boys, but either they were very stupid, or they were too
fatigued by their journey — for they seemed to have but very
vague ideas concerning the arrival of the Magnolia, and indeed
their reports seemed almost contradictory one of another, so
after a short time it was found that nothing of any interest could
be got from them, and they were let alone. They quietly de-

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

parted and wended their course towards some of the straggling
lanes at the back of the town up near the " Cribbies," or Lazy
Bank and Pokham Path, and were soon lost to sight, and could
not afterwards be found.

In the mean time the crowd who followed the mail had now
gathered about the front entrance to Bully & Job's premises,
anxiously awaiting the distribution of the contents of the mail-
bags, only some twenty or more privileged ones, heads of Mer-
cantile Houses, agents, magistrates, and other officials being
allowed in to witness the solemn and momentous performance
of the opening of these precious deposits. The bags were found
duly sealed, so that there had been no tampering with them.
But when the strings of the first bag were cut, the seal opened,
and the contents dumped out on to the counter, to the amaze-
ment and stupefaction of all present instead of letters and news-
papers a pile of shavings! appeared before them 1 Each one
looked at the other, but no one spoke. There were no written
or vocal words which could express the feelings then existing in
the minds of the spectators.

The head clerk rushed frantically for the second bag, cut it
open quickly — out came another select assortment of number one
cooper's chips !

By this time amazement began to give way, in the lighter
hearted ones to amusement, and an audible titter was beginning
to make itself heard. The head-clerk on whom had devolved
the duty of opening the bags, began to feel somehow as if he
were being made the butt of the laughter, and began indignant1}-
to bundle the bags out of the room.

Some of those present however remonstrated, —

" No, no," they said, "open them all. Let us see it out."

" You'll have kindling enough for a month to come, at all
events."

" Open out, open out ! There may be one bag of letters yet,"
— and so on.

The clerk, though feeling somewhat chagrined, began again
and turned out the rest of the bags on to the floor. Some con-
tained hay, some dry leaves, some moss, and so forth. At last
on opening up the fifth bag, right at the very bottom of it,
appeared a large official envelope, closed with a massive seal in
red wax, bearing the Royal Arms. It was addressed
" To the worthy and intelligent

Citizens of St. John's,

Newfoundland."

By this time the spectators had all recovered their good
humour, and loud laughter and jokes passed round. The dis-
covery of the envelope, however, caused a hush of expectation :
and cries of " Open, open 1" were heard on all sides. With a
hand slightly trembling,' the clerk broke the seal. Inside the
envelope was contained a large sheet of official foolscap, neatly
and professionally folded.

On opening it, they saw two words only, clearly engrossed in
a fine round legal hand, in the centre of the first page, namely :
"APRIL FIRST."

MORAL. — St. John's possessed practical jokers then, as well
as now.

Solicitude.

By Dan. Carroll.

THE bay looks out upon the main,
Where snow-white sail and stately mast,
Fanned by the summer breeze go past,
And sighs, " Will they come back again
Those ships of mine ?"

The storm is raging on the deep,
The thunder peals ; the fierce winds shout :
Across the foam the bay looks out ;

And murmurs plaintively, "God keep
Those ships of mine."

Bright stars look down upon the sea,
On home-bound fishing boats, and down
Upon a little fishing town ;
The bay is shouting joyously,

" Right bravely ye return to me,
Oh, ships of mine!"

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

ana

By Rev. Canon Pilot, D.D., D.C.L., I.S.O.

tN the Act for the Subdivision of the Education Grant for
Protestant Education, no provision was made for the
Examination of Teachers. In my first report (1876) to
His Excellency the Governor, I " respectfully recommend"
ed the Legislature to make it imperative upon all Teachers to
present themselves for Examination within a reasonable period."
The Act of that year made such Examination permissive only,
and operations under it began in the December following. One
very important change, however, was made in that Act, viz. :
the indenturing of Pupil Teachers to the Superintendent. Before
this it was customary for a Pupil Teacher to be bound to serve
his Nominating Board. But the conditions of the service were
as much observed in the breach as in the performance of them.
They were never enforced, and at least twenty-five per cent, of

REV. CANON PILOT, D.D., D.C.L., I.S.O., (AUTHOR).

Pupil Teacher (then so-called) gave no return for the money
spent upon their education. At the loss of their patronage
Boards raised a storm of opposition, which speedily subsided
when the abuses which had obtained under the old plan were
made public. I have said the Act of 1876 made Examination
of Teachers permissive only. Boards continued to engage
graded or ungraded Teachers. The latter were much disin-
clined to face the ordeal. In 1878 with a view of stimulating
them to do so, I recommended the Government to attach a direct
money value to each Certificate according to its grade — the
money to be paid direct to Teachers from the Treasury ; and in
the following year. 1879, mv recommendation was adopted, and
the Education Act amended. This Act required all Teachers
to.be examined within a period of two years, and obliged Boards
to employ as Teachers such persons only as had obtained a
grade. Two thousand dollars were provided for payment of
Bonus. Out of these circumstances arose considerable heart-
burnings and trouble. I was looked upon as a being bursting
with importance, positively inflated with official gas, and every
scheme was devised to get quits with me. The cry was for the

old palmy days, but the Government most willingly backed up
the Superintendents, and the inquisition began.

I have said already that my teachers were of all classes and
kinds. I call to mind four run-away man-of-wars-men not by
any means bad fellows, who stuck to their guns assiduously until
it was rumored that one of H.M.S. was in the neighbourhood,
and then for a time they were nan sunt inventi. Two of them
had assumed borrowed names. There were three runaway
sailors from ships in port, another was a Cambridge man (who
had kept all but his last term) son of a dignitary of the Church
in England,and whom I was instrumental in restoring to his family
circle. Another was the son of a noted clergyman who entered
the field of controversy with Wilberforce, the Bishop of Oxford,
and yet another son of a clergyman, fellow of his College in
Cambridge. I could go on with such examples of my early
Teachers. Suffice to say all these with one hundred and more
besides had to qualify for grade, or leave their lucrative
positions.

I notified all Teachers of the change in the law, and appointed
centres for the examination within a given radius. In St. John's
these examinations had become familiar with Pupil Teachers
for three or four years, and so far as the Capital is concerned there
is nothing out of the ordinary to relate concerning them. Though
it may not be out of place to say that the present Chief Clerk
in the Prothonotary's office in St. John's Newfoundland was the
first to receive a Certificate of qualification from any Board of
Examiners.

In the outports such examinations were indeed novelties. In
one of the centres in Conception Bay I secured for the purpose
a suitable room, and arranged the day before the place where
each of the Candidates was to sit ; and with necessary stationery
provided was ready for the fatal day. My every movement had
been watched, canvassed and criticized. What was the meaning
of all this fuss ? There were a dozen to be examined, all old men,
and family men as well. I had been advised to prepare for per-
missio i to " leave the room" and had arranged all that was neces-
s \ry behind some easels and blackboards in one corner of it. At
9 a.m. sharp on the day appointed I was at my post. Nervously
suspicious one by one the Candidates ambled in, each secreting
as lie did so the dudeen that had been his post prandial comfort.
I salute:! each with a "good morning," and indicated his seat.
1 was eyed as if I were some cruel ogre. One was late in arriv-
ing. He told me the Chairman of his Board, had been the cause
of it, and so he had been, for after the day was over that gentle-
mnn assured me '• I had the work of the world to induce -
to go into the Examination. ' Sir,' said he to the Chairman,
1 if 'twasn't for the disgrace of the thing, I'd just as soon be
going to be hanged. What is he going to do with us?' "

It was not long before every one set to work. On the whole
my questions were simple enough. The two papers that floored
them completely were the grammar and school management
papers. The examination lasted but one day, but that one day's
work was a great strain upon their mental and physical powers,
and besides, with more than the Candidates, it was a long time
between smokes.

Two of this batch obtained the coveted parchment from the
Board of Examiners. With the others we dealt leniently, ac-
cepting what was satisfactory and giving them supplementary
exams, as they became prepared. I brought them in couples to
St. John's, where in the Central Training School they got suffi-
ciently coached to pass. All returned to their posts ; much more
important in their own, and their neighbour's eyes than when
they left them, and all destined to return and to keep to the
well beaten rut of years gone by. One refused to come to St.
John's, and he thereby became disqualified to act as Teacher.
I only remember him as one who threatened my life, and who
to show his disgust of me turned Methodist. He went the way
of all flesh soon afterwards.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY

One or two memories of this centre are fresh in my mind — my
diary of all these early times were burnt in the fire of 1892, merci-
ful relief! One whom I had brought to St. John's to " qualify"
brought into the room on the day of examination some written
helps, contrary to the law in such case made and provided.
He was caught flagrante delicti, and was dismissed from the
room. At 10 o'clock that night his wife called to me at my
house and begged me to forgive her wicked spouse. She was a
strenuous body, and had come to town to look after her man.
She assured me of her husband's repentance, and gave me a
solemn promise such should never happen again. What was I
to withstand such pleading? I relented and forgave, and six
month's later gave the recalcitrant another examination which
he passed. He was for many years after a useful Teacher, but
I am sure he always disliked to see me, and bore a secret
grudge against me.

The case of another of these worthy old fellows was a sad
one. He had spent six months in St. John's, won the magic
scroll that was to be the open sesame to any school in the
Island; but alas! even the one he had left he never entered
again, nor for the matter of that, any other school as a Teacher.
Before he became a Domine he had prosecuted the Labrador
fishery, and what is not unusual in such cases (1 appeal to a
knowing public) he fell behind with his merchant. Now, that
mercator was an influential member of his School Board, and
thought this a suitable opportunity to sue his quondam dealer
for arrears due. The case came before the Court, the defend-
ant pleaded the statute of limitation and gained a verdict.

This was magnified into a ''dishonest transaction" unworthy
of a dignified schoolmaster. He received his conge on this ac-
count, and had to seek a living outside of the educational fold.
He declined all my offers of other schools. He had house,
land and family in his own place, and preferred these with
hardships, to pastures new and comfoit.

At another centre in Trinity Bay I had a like class to examine,
attended with pretty much the same kind of results. All, with
one exception came to St. John's — an uncongenial atmosphere
for many of them. Here they qualified, and with gladdened
hearts returned to follow in iheir accustomed ways. It is hard
to teach an old dog new tricks. But the one exception. He
had seen better days, and before he took to teaching had been
captain of foreign-going ships. He was of a noble, aristocratic
bearing, of a genial countenance, and of gentle and gracious
manners. In his younger days he had received a suitable edu-
cation, not mixed up with the new-fangled notions of subject and
predicate, of complements and adjuncts. He had followed the
sea for nigh on fifty years. All his language was nautical. His
pupils were "chaps," his classes "gangs," his dismissal —
" coil up."

He seemed to scorn the simplicity of the arithmetic questions.
Had these been on some subtle trigonometrical problem he
would have been quite at home, and felt honoured. But a simple
Bill of Parcels. — Pish I But he did make out the simple trans-
actions proposed, and it was —

Timothy Snipcheese bought of
Jonathan Mousetrap.

His answer to the question on the Reformation of religion in
England was: " 'Twas the casting of Master Pope out of the
ship of the Church of England."

One of the questions called for " a composition on the place in
which you live." His answer was touchingly pathetic. " I live
in — — . I was born in London. There is a great difference
between the two places. My home was amid the busy throng.
My present abode is amid high and lonely hills, which recall
to my mind the words of the Poet —

' When e'er I take my walks abroad,
How many 'ills I see.' "

" In fact," he wound up, "this is not the place to make a man
say with the Apostle, ' Lord, it is good for us to be here.' " He
received his parchment.

I have said my notes and diaries of these early school-days
were lost (providentially no doubt) in the fire of 1892, and
hence all I have said is from memory. I had some racy
howlers. One worthy thought that John Bright brought in the

incurable disease, another that the "barrens'" were too much {or
King John ; another that Governor Glover had been a slave
driver at the W. Coast of Africa ; while another described the
Premier of the Colony as the man that had the givings out of
all the Jobs, and another with perhaps a little more truth, that
the people elected the members to the House of Assembly aud
they acted accordingly. But then, these are the days that are
past. It is all different now — Eh ?

* fl rjunc Idpl. *

By Eros Wayback.

THE odorous breath of June pervades the ambient air,
Here, thro' the fervid noon, I lie in her arms fair.
By the banks of a purling brook, where the mavis comes to sing
I stretch in a bosky nook, and list to the carroll of spring;

And dream of the glamorous time when all the world seemed fail ;
And I in youthful prime oft sought this umbrageous lair.
For a moment free from care, afar from the haunts of men;
Alone I now repair, to muse in this verdured glen.

The brook in its sinuous course doth babbling still rehearse
Its tale of mead and gorse in rippling runic verse.
Its plaintive speech the same, meandering to the shore,
As when in the past- 1 came, in the jubilant days of yore.

And my ear is still attune to its sibilant, murmuring bent,
E'en as in that golden June, we strayed by its banks, Annete!
.Nor, yet, hath scienced lore quite banished all its fays,
For, like songs of the troubadour, still they haunt my later days.

It springs from a crystal bed, afar in the gleaming west ;
And, now, by a plain doth spread its placid and glassy breast.
Again, with a rippling song it drops from a rocky height,
And around its spray is flung in a gossamer veil of light.

Anon, by the alder row, and now by yon drooping birch,
For a moment stops its flow where the mavis holds its perch.
But wends it slow or fast, by wood or dell or lea,
It sinks with a moan at last, in the grip of the ruthless sea.

To me it's a sentient thing, with its garrulous, bubbling prate.
And now seems a dirge to sing, on the verge of impending fate.
Oh, stream ! how like unto thee, man's varying lifetide flows.
From birth to eternity's sea, when the waves of oblivion close !

May those of the Borderland hitherward, still draw near,

And the interspace be spanned, once passed from this terrene sphere ?

For, me thought, I heard the tread, the rustling robe of a maid,

As of old she oft-times sped in laughter across yon glade !

And my breast held a pleased alarm, e'en if my thoughts mislead,
To think that a vanished form stood out from the shrouded dead 1
To dream that the turf -crowned fair should stand in an erstwhiles guise,
With the sheen on her braided hair, and love in her placid eyes I

To dream that the shoonless feet again by this stream should roam,
As in that June, Annete, you tripped by its feathery foam !
To dream, as in days of yore you stood in your beauty rare,
When I sought for the flower you wore, the rose in your banded hair !

But you tread the ' golden street,' afar from the birchy bower,
Only memory now, Annete, remains, — and a faded flower !
Afar from this haunted Brook, I'll seek surcease of thought,
Its breast is a graven book with dead-past scenes re-wrought !

Once more to the cities of men, where hurries the jostling throng,
I'll flee from this memoried glen and the Brook's old troublous song!

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

poultrp Farming ana Bow to l»akc it Pap.

By E. A. Elgee, P.S., A.D.C.

kNDER the conditions named in a previous article i.e.
a good chicken house, scratching shed, which should,
if possible, admit the sun, and a good egg-laying
strain -of fowls, it may be interesting to note the
principles observed by American and Canadian farmers to obtain
a good supply of eggs in the winter. It is almost altogether a ques-
tion of common sense. No hard and fast laws of diet can be laid
down — like human beings hens hive their idiosyncracies. How-
ever, there are two things indispensable to every breed —
exercise and sufficient food. A scratching shed with a bed of
straw or peat moss litter some twelve inches deep supplies the
first named, if the grain fed is scattered about twice a day in
small quantities. A cabbage or some other green food hung up
just out of reach is also to be recommended. With regard to the
food indispensable, let us first consider the constituent parts of
an egg itself not contained in sufficient quantities in the grain
food. They are roughly — phosphates, albumen, salt. In the
summer when hens are in the fields they obtain these readily.
In winter confinement, therefore, one should make use of ground
bone, ground meat and salt. The animal life consumed in sum-
mer by a hen escapes ones notice, but it is a very important item
and accounts for their egg-laying capacity to a great extent.
Fresh water and charcoal (as a corrective) are also necessaries,
and without grit a hen cannot digest its food.

When fowls have yard range, one pound of green cut bone
and one quart of grain fed at night should be sufficient for
sixteen hens per day in winter. Vary this by feeding household
scraps and a hot evening mash of meal mixed with steamed hay
and clover. The green cut bone is a highly concentrated food
and one ounce per diem is sufficient for each hen. The green
bone should, of course, be ground up in a bone-cutting machine
before use. Patent egg producers are not to be recommended.
Now turn to the hen itself. After it is two and a half years you
can expect very lew winter eggs. The warmer you can keep
your hens without artificial heat the more eggs will be laid and the
sooner will they become broody. The difficulty of getting fer-
tilized eggs in the early spring is overcome by giving plenty of
exercise and keeping the eggs, which are intended for the incu-
bators, warm. The living germ in a winter egg is often killed
by the cold. With regard to the incubator, the only thing to
be noticed is that best results are obtainable when it is not
filled to its utmost capacity. Success, otherwise, seems to de-
pend on common sense and attention. The right way of feed-
ing young chickens is a very open question, but there is one
thing conclusively proved from numerous trials — the best way
to bring them on quickly and to increase their bone and size is
to give plenty of animal food. Green or fresh bones from the
butcher, and ground up, MUST be fed with their other food —
especially in the case of ducklings. The generality of poultry
in Newfoundland at the present moment is of the most wretched
and degenerate type — undersized and small boned. And here
let everybody note that a bird weighing four pounds does not
eat twice as much as one which weighs two pounds, but only a
very little more, which is more than made up by the size of egg
and the bird's value when ready for the table. A hen of the large
breeds, when laying, requires about 4 oz. of food per diem ;
Leghorns, while laying, require about 3^ oz. per diem. The
same applies to the turkeys and ducks.

It will be interesting here, to mention what other countries
expect of their poultry in this respect. Just compare the follow-
ing authenticated weights of poultry plucked for the table: —
Orpington Pullets, 21 Ibs. ; Farmyard Cockerels, 24 Ibs. ; Farm-
yard Pullets, 17 Ibs. ; Pekin Ducks, 15 Ibs.; Turkey Cocks,
59 Ibs. ; Turkey Hens, 49 Ibs. These of course have been
crammed, but fancy our wretched little small-boned i-lb. hens
ever aspiring to reach to 17 Ibs., and our 8-lb. turkeys to 49 Ibs.!

To remedy this one must have plenty of new blood, and the
right stock to distribute throughout the Island. The only way to
effect it, as far as one can see, is to start a Poultry Association
with a small member's subscription, with its centre in St. John's,
and possibly Branches in other districts later. The object of the
Association would be (i ) to breed the right kind of poultry and
to sell them to members at cost price — probably about half
what it would cost to import ; (2) to supply technical information.

Both Ireland and Denmark have benefited largely of late
years from Associations. In 1895, the hitter country exported
$2.000,000 worth of eggs, whilst in 1903, the value had quadru-
pled itself to $8,000,000. In Ireland large district have become
suddenly prosperous from the far reaching effects of treating
the egg industry scientifically, hackee! up by Associations of the
kind mentioned. Surely, therefore, the home market could be
supplied in Newfoundland, and profitably to both producer
and consumer !

SI'ORT IN NEWFOUNDLAND.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

„* Iwrp Bcsscmcr's Investment

rt novelette of ncivfoundKind life.

By Robert Gear MacDonald,

SYNOPSIS OF PART I.

HARRY BESSEMER, a Departmental Clerk, but a man of wealth, meets
Elvire Exonton, who he fancies dislikes him, at a party. Next day he
discoveis that her father, a merchant, is on the verge of financial ruin.
Solely from patriotic motives, to save the timber lands from German con-
trol, he offers to lend Exonton sufficient money to save him. At length the
latter consents, and the transfer is made.

M NEWFOUNDLANDERS, with all their faults, are patri-
otic, and it need not excite any wonderment tliat

Bessemer was ready to risk a large part of his means

in such a venture. It would therefore be idle to ques-
tion if during the transaction the vision of eyes with
Glances where such depth of purple lies
As rests upon the deep when sunset dies
O'er some great northern buy,

haunted him. It was certainly with no conscious thought of
them that this was done. It was all for his country's interests,
as he understood them. He, with Mr. O'Hara the lawyer, ami
Mr. Eyre, the Notary Public, was to take dinner with the mer-
chant the next day. Meanwhile he returned to the office, and
made Mr. McLean acquainted with enough of what had passed to
give him a fairly clear idea of how things had gone. The Minis-
ter said little, but perhaps he thought the more on that account.

PART II.

" Well, did he propose last night ?"

" Hardly," answered Elvire, smilingly. " 1 am not sure that
his supposed passion for me is not all a delusion.''

" Oh, well, what everybody says must be true : my dear Elvire,
I am convinced of it. It may be that he is a little backward, on
account of his present anomalous position, but with his means
that need not matter."

" Hut, even if it should be so," answered Elvire with a slight
show of asperity, " he need not appear so sure of me. Hut 1 do
not believe he has any thoughts beyond the ambition of being
the social and political leader of the country. I cannot imagine
him loving passionately; his would be merely a marriage which
would serve to strengthen his social position ; and it is hardly
likely that he has marked me out for the honor of being his
consort."

" Be that as it may," her friend replied, " he can offer more to
his wife than any other young man in the island."

" I do not think that would attract me," said Elviie, with a
slight drawing up of her slender frame: — and the talk drifted to
other matters, and the subject of the dinner last night did not
recur.

Elvire supposed there must be something in all this that Mrs.
Teddy Nicholson hinted at so persisently. Her friend could
hardly appear so sure of what was quite non-existent. But per-
haps the matter was not so unexplicable after all. Bella Nichol-
son had married somewhat beneath her. All her smartness had
only enabled her to capture a young man who held a quite sub-
altern position in the office of the Minister of Finance and
Customs. Nicholson was not really stupid, but he had not much
political or social influence. His wife was not slow to see, there-
fore, that when Bessemer came to the front, it would be greatly
to her husband's — and her — advantage, to have Bessemer allied
to her dearest friend. Bella Nicholson knew something of the
wheels within wheels. And she was not slow to suggest what
she had now, perhaps, come to believe ; namely, that Bessemer
intended to ask Elvire's hand. Nor did she lose any opportu-
nity for a disinterested urging of Bessemer's suit, at which Bes-
semer, had he known it, would have been greatly surprized,
and not a little offended. But Elvire suspected nothing of all
this intrigue on Mrs. Nicholson's part, and was inclined to believe
either that Bella was mistaken, or that Bessemer was inclined
towards her for mere reasons of convenience. She had lately,
with a not unnatural curiosity, looked for some symptoms of par-

tiality on Bessemer's part, but had not found any, which had
piqued her a very little.

A few nights after the conversation above recorded was the
long talked of Concert in aid of the Home for Indigent Gentle-
women, which was held in the College Hall. The magnificient
Auditorium was packed ; all the beauty and fashion were present,
all the best talent of St. John's was on the platform.

Bessemer, who rarely attended Concerts, went as it were by
accident to this, and arriving just before the Concert began,
was a little surprised to find that Elvire was to sing. He, of
course, knew that her voice was of more than ordinary excel-
lence, though she was hardly a " popular singer;" but he had
never heard her sing in public. He had thought a very little
about her since the night he had been to Exonton's to dinner;
and seeing her name again, in print, had revived that slight in-
terest : and he confessed to himself a feeling of impatience
which made him smile, until her number was reached.

She came gracefully forward, in a dress of crepe tie chine,
made with exquisite taste, enhancing her beauty to the utmost.
Bessemer found himself regarding the bank-clerk, who, with two
rather loud young ladies sat in front of him, with indignation,
because he oggled her throbgh a pair of opera-glasses which be-
longed to one of his companions. And then, remembering, he
smiled to himself. She was nothing to him, nor he to her.

The song she sang was a simple enough thing ; a little poem
written by a big, tender-hearted Bohemian fellow, who had been
cast ashore on the Island as the Atlantic brings sea-weeds; and
who had been swept away again in much the same fashion,
leaving a disconsolate maiden, and a still more disconsolate
tailor. Such a piece, to such a melody as had been wedded
to the woids, was exactly what suited Elvire's powers. Her
voice was not of extraordinary compass, nor of very great
volume, but it was infinitely sweet and tender; and she had
learned how to use it to the best advantage; so that when she
was encored, as she was heartily, it was a pleasure to hear her
repeat a verse or two of the song. And there were others
besides Bessemer with whom the refrain of it

" But the heart of Trixie Elgar
Will never sleep again"

lingered far longer than that night.

Bessemer awoke with a start. What was there in that voice ;
in that fair, flushed, face ; in that slender figure swaying with
the emotion of the song, which stirred his nerves, and made the
blood dance in his veins? What longing was that which awoke
in his heart ? Could it be what he had heard of. had read of,
but had never known — Love ? If so, it was inexpressibly
painful, and ineffably delicious.

He hardly knew anything of what followed ; his drive home
was a procession of shadows. When he arrived there he was
too excited to sleep, too dazed to read. The passion, which had
been so long in coming, had come, and with stunning force.
And could she care for him ? We tried to think of her attitude
towards him, especially the last time they had met, a few even-
ings before at dinner at her father's house. But she had always
been the same towards him, friendly — -but indifferent. He
wondered had her father told her of his embarrassment, and
how he had been helped out by him. He thought not. Mr.
Exonton's pride would cause him to hide his misfortunes and
the rather strange manner in which he had been assisted, from
his daughter as well as from the rest of the world. And her
manner that evening, he thought, had borne out this belief.
She was certainly innocent of any sense of obligation towards
him ; there was no such embarrassed self-consciousness as he
felt certain would have been present had she known the state of
affairs : and that thought, somehow, gave him hope. It was
strange that he -had never thought of her in that way before ;
and a line of Browning's — " How can man love but what he
yearns to help" flickered through his mind as he fell into a light

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

doze, in which Elvire's face appeared more than once, we may

not doubt.

*_* * * * * * *

" Did you notice young Bessemer at the Concert last night?"
her father asked of Elvire at the breakfast-table next morning.

" I have a confused recollection of seeing him, while I was
singing," replied Elvire, " he appeared, if I may say so, interest-
ed in my song. But there were so many there, I cannot say I
noticed him specially."

" I spoke to him, casually," answered her father as he went out,
'•but he did not reply to my 'good night,' indeed, he appeared
like a man in a dream. I mention it because he is 'usually so
courteous and friendly to everybody, that I fear he must have
been unwell."

" I have never known him to be indisposed," said Elvire,
carelessly. " No doubt he was planning some great political
coup; they say the Government takes over all its ideas in a
ready-made form from him."

" He is a good fellow," remarked her father. " I happen to
know a certain merchant in this city who might be in the Bank-
ruptcy Court to-day but for the practical and timely assistance
that Bessemer gave at the critical moment in a financial way
that would have been beyond the power, as well as beyond the
will, of most men in this country. He will not lose by it, even
financially, I am almost certain, but how few would have done
such a thing. How few indeed !" he repeated, half to himself.

Elvire had not the remotest idea that her father was referring
to himself; such a thought would have been very unlikely.
She had as strong a belief in her father's business stability as
she had in his personal probity. It was unbounded. But the
story made a great impression upon her mind. She could — she
told herself — love a man like that. Accordingly she was not
altogether surprised when he was announced shortly after
dinner. Her father and her aunt, who lived with them, taking
their usual post prandial naps, she had gone to the drawing-
room and was listlessly turning over some music. Her playing
or singing did not disturb her father ; but she did not feel any
inclination to play or sing that evening, and was glad of an
interruption which promisee) her the company of one whom she
had such kindly thoughts of during the day.

As Bessemer entered she was conscious that there was something
in his bearing, something in his manner, which she had never
seen before, and which puzzled her a little. But he had himself
well in hand, and after they had greeted each other he said, " I
called this evening to congratulate you upon your very fine sing-
ing last night, i never had the pleasure of hearing you before,
you know."

" I must thank you for your appreciation, but really," she re-
plied, " I should hardly have thought that. 1 have sung in pub-
lic more than once before. I did not sing here last Tuesday
night simply because you all got so immersed in politics that I
only had to sit and listen ; father usually asks me to sing after
dinner for any guests who may be here. It is strange when
one comes to think of it that you have never heard me, but I am
glad if it pleased you," she smiled.

"Yes," he rejoined, and he felt that the supreme moment had
come, " and I heard something else also — I heard your voice
calling to my soul, as nothing has ever spoken before. I did
not know till last night, Elvire, that my whole heart and soul are
yours, but it must have been so from the first."

She had been surprised for a moment at this outburst, but
had quickly controlled herself. Now he caught both her hands
and she did not attempt to prevent him. " Elvire, Elvire, I love
you, I love you, can you give me ever so little hope ?" he cried.

" I think so," she whispered, smiling through tears that, some-
how, would come : she had known what her answer would be as
soon as he had spoken. As she raised her face he kissed her.
And then he told her that his wealth was not as great as was
generally supposed, though his income was still large. And
she told him that she knew why it was, that her father had told
her.

" But did your father tell you any names ?" he asked, breath-
lessly.

" None but yours," she answered simply, " and it does not
matter. Do you know, dear, the moment you told me of your

love I knew that my heart was and always had been, yours, but
what my father told me to day, seemed to bring my love near
to the surface, so that I had no need to hesitate as I might
otherwise have done."

After a much longer time than either would have believed
had not their watches told a like story, Bessemer waited on Mr.
Exonton, who was then in his Library. That gentleman was
perhaps slightly surprised at Bessemer's declaration, who ex-
plained shamefacedly that he had had no thought of such a step
until the night before, and telling Mr. Exonton what had hap-
pened.

" So," replied the latter, " that is the explanation of you hav-
ing passed me last night without knowing me." And Bessemer
said " No doubt, the result of a not unnatural pre-occupation."

Of course Mr. Exonton gave his consent, observing however
that in his opinion it would be better that their bethrothal should
not be publicly announced for three months, and Bessemer in
exchange exacting his promise that Mr. Exonton should never
tell Elvire of the business transactions between them, declaring
that this had nothing to do with the matter in hand, as indeed it
had not. Mr. Exonton readily enough engaged to be silent ; he
was little inclined to tell Elvire disagreeable things about his
affairs at an)1 time, and still less in the present case. And so
Elvire never knew, which was, on the whole, better for her peace
of mind.

Among their earliest confidences the lovers canvassed thor-
oughly the state of each other's feelings before the day when
their eyes were opened; and Elvire was as much struck with
the fact of her supposed dislike, as Bessemer was to hear that
Mrs. Teddy Nicholson believed him to be in love with Elvire all
along ; and they had more than one laugh over both. Both
agreed, on considering it, how strange it was that it had taken
them so long to fall in love with each other.

They were wedded a few months afterwards, the Cathedral
being thronged to see what was considered quite the most impor-
tant matrimonial event of the season.

In the Autumn, Bessemer, who had given up his departmen-
tal Clerkship before his marriage, contested a bye election, and
came out victor with Hying colors; and was at once a man to
be reckoned with by both parties in the House.

As sometimes happens on the Labrador coast, the cod fish,
which had studiously avoided Lattice Harbor, where Mr. Exon-
ton had his fishing-room for several years, came back that very
season in countless numbers, and a rich harvest was brought in
for several successive years. The timber lands, too, steadily
increased in value, and the old firm was in time more prosperous
than ever; and Mr. Exonton was at length enabled to launch
his pet scheme of a Laborers' Institute, and carry out his ideas
regarding the division of profits to the workmen on his room
and his timber estates.

Elvire never knew how near her father had been to ruin, and
by what means his commercial honor had been saved, and per-
haps it was just as well that it was so. She might have looked
at it from a different, and so unjust, point of view, had she
known. A woman's faith is everything, but even the possibility
of a doubt may ruin it.

Her husband and her father, in the confidence of their
libraries, often go over the matter, and neither has ever had
cause to regret the results, financial or otherwise, of Harry
Bessemer's Investment. — THE END.

"THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY'

— AN ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE —
Issued every third month about the I5th of March, June, September and

December from the office
34 Prescott Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

JOHN J. EVANS, -:- -:- PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR,

To whom all Communications should be addressed.

Subscription Rates:

Single Copies, each 10 cents .

One Year, in advance, Newfoundland and Canada 40 '

Foreign Subscriptions (except Canada) 5° '

Advertising Rates

$30.00 per page; one-third of a page, $19.00; one-sixth of a page, $5.00;
one-twelfth of a page, £2.50— for each insertion.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

tUben tbe Goose Comes Dortlnuard

¥'

By Arthur S. English, •*

rHO that ever has heard the merry, joyous, and musical
honk, honk, of the wild goose, on some bright, sunny
morning or mellow evening in Spring, has ever forgot-
ten it ? When it falls for the first time on your ears, after the
long silent winter, you instinctively look up, and beholding the
vanguard, the first messengers of the most delightful season of
the year, you long to say to them cead mille failthe, in the langu-
age that they could understand.

They have come from the South — trom Mexico and Texas,
and are flying North, to bid Winter begone. Their voices
speak in accents of those sunny lands, and their plumage is still
perfumed with the odours of the hyacinth and lily.

On Friday, March thirty-first, I beheld them for the first time
for the season, going East, towards the head-"waters of Little
River, with necks out-stretched and " honk-honking" their merry
greeting.

Their song can awaken different responses in different breasts.
To some ears the tune is but partially rendered, requiring the
crash and reverbration of the fowling-piece to complete the sym-
phony. Among this class is my esteemed friend Geo. Knowling,
of Little River. He is the most successful of all who take
delight in wild fowl hunting, along the rocky coast between the
Barachois and Nor'-West Cove.

The 3ist of March being a fine day, my friend induced me
to go with him to the " Point." The distance to be traversed is
about two and one-half miles. Our road, being for the greater
part of the distance, over the frozen river, the walk was a most
enjoyable one, George regaling me with stories of past exploits
in pursuit of the feathered quarry.

Soon as we bring the ice strewn waters of the Guff plainly
into view, we behold a fine flock of geese about half a mile from
land, quietly sitting on the drifting ice.

How contentedly they ride on their crystal ferries, calmly in-
different whither they are carried, proudly conscious of the
power of their tireless wings, to bring them back to land at night-
fall. At dusk they will venture in to rest, and feed during the
night in the shallow and sedgy waters of the Barachois.

Knowing this characteristic, George intends to spend the day
duck shooting, and at evening repair to the haunts of the goose.
He is now enveloped in a white soutan-like garment, with a
hood to cover the head. This dress serves the double purpose
of rendering him less conspicuous on the ice, and of shielding
him from the cold wind. I am content to remain in a sunny
position on shore and dream, whilst Nimrod goes off to the
farthest pinacle of ice and ensconces himself, to await the coming
of the unsuspecting duck.

The warm south wind is blowing —

" From some green Eden of the deep,

Where Pleasure's sigh alone is heaved,
Where tears of rapture lovers weep,

Endeared, undoubting, undeceived;
From some sweet paradise afar

Thy music wanders, distant, lost —
Where N-ature lights her leading star,
Where love is never, never cross'd."

It comes across the brine, bringing with it visions of the
flowery summer. It bears on its breast the spirit of spring, in
its voice the music of the morn of that delightful season.
Memory here interposes her voice ; in it is a strain of sadness.
Though there is a plaint, there is also a sweet gladness in her
whispering voice. I see a quiet corner in the woodland, on
whose mossy carpet the first and bluest wild violets grew. Here
also the dainty yellow-hammer built her nest in the budding
alder, and sang her song of love. How eagerly I watched the
snow melt from that sheltered spot. How gladly I gathered a

Little River, April, 1905.

fragrant bunch of those sweet floral emblems of modesty, to lay(
alas ! on an earthly altar. Like all things earthly that shrine,
has fallen — fell even as I knelt in devotion.

" Ye field flowers ! the gardens eclipse you 'tis true,
Yet wildings of Nature, I dote upon you,

For ye waft me to summers of old,
When earth teemed around me with fairy delight,
And when daisies and buttercups gladden'd my sight

Like treasures of silver and gold."

The time, the scene will not permit any trick of memory to
cheat of the delights they offer. What a bright picture is pre*
sented to my sight. The broad expanse of gleaming waves, in
tireless commotion, pregnant with suggestions of mystery. The
glistening margin of ice along the coast, filling the little bays
from jutting headland to headland. On the outer edge of this
blockade, miniature bergs are dancing a fantastic minuet to the
music of the waves. Ducks flit in busy succession up and down
the shore. Whilst far in the distance you may see black clouds
of sea-ducks. The wild, shy things that rarely come near the
land.

Towards evening we repair to the nearby residence of a
friend — William Carter — at whose hospitable board we enjoy
a cup of warm, fragrant tea. Inevitably when gunners meet
and pipes are lit, stories of hunting prowess and of singularly
good shots are related. The fine qualities of each gun are
pointed out, and tales bearing testimony to her worth are told.
" Bill," in his younger days, had the reputation of being a very
clever marksman. He told us that once he killed a goose, with
a ball, at a distance as great as from his house to 'Gustan's
Island, (considerably over a quarter of a mile.) This was at
Cape Ray. The shot was fired from a small bridge near his
" Cape" residence, the goose falling in the water, fully four
hundred yards beyond the " Whistle House." The light-house
keeper, Mr. Rennie, can verify this story. I've heard of a very
modest fellow, who, on being asked why he always used salted
bullets, replied, " that his gun could kill so far, that in order to
preserve the flesh of his victim til! he could reach it, he found it
necessary to send the brine with the messenger of death."

Just as the sun, in the act of setting, was gilding the moun-
tain tops, and painting the slopes in softest rose-pink, we left
" Bill" Carter's, to take up our positions near the open water of
the Barachois.

Here George built a " gaze." A gaze is a miniature fort,
behind which one conceals himself whilst waiting for the birds.
On the sea shore such shelter is made of stones, rudely heaped
together, sometimes it is made of drift 'wood. In this instance
it is made of ice blocks.

Leaving George in his gaze, I move on to the " Sand Bar,"
to muse in the gathering twilight, on the extreme human misery,
this lonely bit of coast had witnessed. What cries of distress
had gone up from the shivering remnant of some storm-tossed
crew, when no sympathetic ear, was near to receive it. Those
lonely, unmarked, grass grown graves, tell a harrowing tale, of
shipwreck of cold and hunger and despair. What anguish was
in the prayer of him, who, strongest of the band, fell down at
last amidst his dead comrades, to rise no more.

In the deepening gloom of night I sit and listen to the sounds
of nature. The soft splash of the waves on the shoie, singing
a sad requiem, o'er ocean's countless dead, the quack, quack, of
some lonely duck, that has lost its mate, or the wierd hoo, hoo,
of some distant owl. Presently there is a rustling overhead, as
a flight of geese goes by, looking like grey spectres, 'that have
come to visit the scene where their relics repose. How dim
and mystical they look against the darkness of the night.

Turning my eyes in the direction of their flight, my sight is
startled by a vicious lurid flash, in the gloom of the Barachois,
followed by a sharp report.

Poor bird you flew too near the gaze. Then there is a con-
fused, honka, honka, honk, honk, as the frightened things leave
the fearful place, and again seek the quiet of the ocean.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

'T'lIE SUBSCRIBED, having in view the increased popularity
*• in the wearing of Tailored Costumes, &c., has had the
upper premises of the "Telegram" Building refitted in an up-
to-date style for the purpose of carrying on a' Costumiery. We
recognize the fact that to be successful we must be piepared to
be in a position to make superior Tailored Costumes. It is not
proposed to here make mention of the Fitter and Tailor who
have been engaged for this departure, being satisfied to await the
judgment of our patrons upon the merit of the work turned out ;
and it is proposed to always have on hand every Fashion Plate
of recognized authority. A full set is now ready.

The Premises consisting of four large, well-lighted and venti-
lated rooms, with every convenience, are, as will be seen, situated
in a central portion of the city, and easy of access. The comfort
of our patrons will be our study.

An extensive line of Ladies' Costume Cloths in every shade,
pattern, etc., as worn for the season, will be kept in stock, which
patrons can make selections from. Our range of trimmings include
all classes of novelties in Silks and Braids — in fact everything ne-
cessary for this class of trade will be found in the establishment.

Estimates will be cheerfully given. We confidently invite a
trial order.

"Telegram" Building. Entrance from Water Street.
Thanking you. in anticipation, 1 am sincerely yours,

MAYERS,

We request the favour
of your next , *e , *e , «<

MAIL ORDER

We are always pleased
to forward *g <£ <£ *£

SAMPLES

AND

Goods are despatched on the

same day as the order is received.

BISHOP & MONROE.

M. IV. FURLONG, A'.C.

/. M. KENT, K.C.

FURLONG & KENT,

~~» * *~~

BARRISTERS and SOLICITORS.
DUCKWORTH STREET, ST. JOHN'S.

MISS MAY FURLONG'S

282 Water Street, opp. Bowring Brothers.

Dress Goods, Mantles, Millinery,

Feathers, Flowers, Gloves.

St. John's,

Newfoundland.

Channing's Drug Store,

148 & 150 New Power Street.

OPEN # EVERY ^ NIGHT
TILL H O'CLOCK.

Imperial Tobacco co.9 ud.

Manufacturers of Choice Tobaccos.

Smoking and Chewing,

Plug, Cut Plug, and Granulated.

Jdgp-Some of our brands:

"GOODWIN'S BEST CUT PLUG,"

Sir R. Thorburn

Has on hand a full line of general Fishery
Supplies, including the best brands of ^

flour, Porkt Butter, Molasses, etc,, etc,

FISH AND OIL.

EARLY BIRD,"

MARINER,"

MONT ROYAL,"

J. D."

HAPPY THOUGHT,"

RICHMOND GEM,"

' EMPIRE,"

' DAISY,"

'OUR FAVORITE,"

•VIRGINIA LEAF,"

' CROWN,"

' SUCCESS,"

" IMPERIAL."
For a cool, refreshing smoke, try " KILLIKINKNICK."

OFFICES AND FACTORY:
Flavin and Bond Streets, ^ St. John's, Newfoundland.

Office and Stores . Goodfellow's Buildings, Water Street.

JOB BROTHERS & Co.,

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

°f British and American Goods of every
description— Wholesale and Retail.
of Codfish, Codoil, Codliver Oil, Seal Oil,
Lobsters, Furs, and general produce.

All orders for same promptly filled at very lowest rates.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

SOME SPECIALLY INTERESTING.

Newfoundland Literature

Caribou Shooting in Newfoundland, with over sixty illustrations,

by Dr. S. T. Davis Paper 60. cts. Cloth, Si .25

From Newfoundland to Cochin, China, by Lady Howard Vincent,

illustrated New and cheaper edition, Cloth, $1 . 25

Mineral Resources of Newfoundland, in two parts 60 cts.

Newfoundland— Standard History of, by D. W. Prowse, Esq., J.P.,
LL.D., with numerous Maps and Illustrations. Demy, 8vo;
Cloth, Gilt ; and edition $i .75

Newfoundland — Ecclesiastical History of, by His Grace the Arch-
bishop of Newfoundland $2 . 50

Poems, by His Grace the Archbishop of Newfoundland 75 cts.

Captain of the Dolphin, and other Poems of Newfoundland and the

Sea, by Rev. F. j. J. Smith. Cloth, 75 cts., Gilt top 90 cts.

Dr. Luke of the Labrador, by Norman Duncan 50 and 75 cts.

Lure of the I.abrador. Wild, by D. Wallace $i .50

Interested persons should drop us a Post Card for complete list of Books,

The Way of the Sea, by Norman Duncan 50 and 75 cts.

The New Priest in Conception Bay, by Rev. Robert Lowell ; only a

very few copies now in print Cloth, $1.75

Newfoundland Illustrated, with 109 beautiful half-tone views of the

chief attractions of the Island 50 cts.

Rambles in Our Ancient Colony by the Banks and Bergs of Terra

Nova, with numerous illustrations * 40 cts.

St. John's and Newfoundland Illustrated, with 59 Half-tones of the

Capital of Newfoundland, with adjoining Outports 25 cts.

NEWFOUNDLAND VIEW POST CARDS.

The Garland Half-tone Series 45 varieties, 2 cts. each, 80 cts. set.

The Garland Photogravure Series 25 varieties, 3 cts. each, 70 cts. set .

The Garland Photolet (Photograph) ... 15 varieties, 3 cts. each, 45 cts. set.

The Garland Chromo-Litho 8 varieties, 4 cts. each, 30 cts. set.

The Garland Photo Iris 8 varieties, 4 cts. each, 30 cts. set ,

Pamphlets, Sheet Music, Maps, Charts, etc., relating to Newfoundland.

S. E. GARLAND, Books, Stationery, Fancy Goods, etc., Garland Bldg., J77-9 Water Street, East ) S T. JOHN'S,
GARLAND & CO., Booksellers and Stationers, opposite Post Office, 353 Water Street, West } Newfoundland.

Customs Circular

No. 15.

A deposit equal to the duty shall be taken on such articles as
Cameras, Bicycles, Trouting Poles, Fire-arms, Tents, Canoes,
and tent equipage. A receipt (No. i) according to the form
attached shall be given for the deposit and the particulars of
the articles shall be noted in the receipt as well as in the
marginal cheques. Receipt No. 2 if taken at an outport office
shall be mailed at once directed to the Assistant Collector,
St. John's, if taken in St. John's the Receipt No. 2 shall be sent
to the Landing Surveyor.

Upon the departure from the Colony of the Tourist, Angler
or Sportsman, he may obtain a refund of the deposit by pre-
senting the articles at the Port of Exit and having them com-
pared with the receipt. The Fjcamining Officer shall initial on
the receipt the result of his examination and upon its correctness
being ascertained the refund may be made.

No groceries, canned goods, wines, spirits or provisions of
any kind will be admitted free and no deposit for a refund may
be taken upon such articles.

H. W. LeMESSURICR,

Assistant Collector.

CUSTOM HOUSE,

St. Johns, Newfoundland, 22nd June., fpoj.

The Public are reminded that the

GAME^ LAWS

NEWFOUNDLAND

Provide that :

No person shall pursue with intent to kill any Caribou from

the ist day of February to the 3151 day of JuU/, or- from the 1st day of

October to the 2Oth October in any year. And no person shall

kill or take more than two Stag and one Doe Caribou in any one year.

No person is allowed to hunt or kill Caribou within specified limits of
either side of the railway track from Grand Lake to Goose Brook, these
limits being defined by gazetted Proclamation.

No non-resident may hunt or kill Deer without previously having pur-
chased ($50.00) and procured a License therefor. Licenses to non-resi-
dent guides are issued, costing #50.00.

No person may kill, or pursue with intent to kill any Caribou with dogs,

or with hatchet or any weapon other than fire-arms loaded with

ball or bullet, or while crossing any pond, stream or water-course.

Tinning or canning of Caribou is absolutely prohibited.

No person may purchase, or receive in barter or exchange any flesh
of Caribou between January ist and July 3ist, in any year.

Penalties for violation of these laws, a fine not exceeding two hundred
dollars, or in default imprisonment not exceeding two months.

No person shall hunt, or kill Partridges before the first day of October
in any year. Penalty not exceeding $100.00 or imprisonment.

Any person who shall hunt Beaver, or export Beaver skins before October
ist, 1907, shall be liable to cofiscation of skins, and fine or imprisonment.

No person shall use any appliances other than rod, hook and line to
catch any Salmon, Trout, or inland water fishes, within fifty fathoms from
either bank on the strand, sea, stream, pond, lake, or estuary debouching
into the sea.

Close season for salmon and trout fishing: I5th day of September to
1 5th day of January following.

ELI DAWE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Department of Marine and Fisheriet,
ist June,

iv.^
jjp-

THE . . .

NV^MJM
EWFOUNDLSND

QUARTERLY.

JOHN J. EVANS, PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR.

VOL. V.— No. 2.

OCTOBER, 1905.

40 GTS. PER YEAR.

TROUT CULTURE IN NEWFOUNDLAND.
"THE ANGLER'S PARADISE,"

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

LUMBER

SCANTLING, 5x5 to 10x10.
STUDDING, all sizes*

JOISTING, 2x3 in. assorted.

We have also a full stock of
SEASONED BOARD in Store.

All selling. at the Lowest Market Prices.
Purchasers will get good value for their
money.

W. & G. RENDELL

5 Queen s
Fire Insurance Company

FUNDS $40,000,000

INSURANCE POLICIES

Against Loss or Damage by Fire

are issued by the above

well known office on the most

liberal terms.

i > • 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

JOHN CORMACK,

SGEMT fOR NEWFOUNDLAND.

PHCENIX

Assurance

Co., Ltd,

Of LONDON, ESTABLISHED \U2.

Annual Premiums ' . $7,500,000

Fund held to meet losses 9,000,000

Uncalled Capital 12,000,000

W. & G, RENDELL,

ST. JOHN'S. Agent for Nfld.

JOHN KEAN,

14 ADELAIDE STREET,

Boot and Shoe Maker.

Hand Sewing a Specialty. •
Strictest attention paid to
all work. <£ *g <g

Outport Orders Solicited.

SHEEP PRESERVATION!

'TTHE following Sections of the Acts 47th Victoria, Cap. 7, and 50th
•*• Victoria, Cap. 9, for the Preservation of Sheep, are published in
consolidated form for the information of the public:

l. — It shall be lawful for the duly qualified Electors resident within an
area or District within this Colony to present to the Governor in Council
a Petition or Requisition in the form prescribed in the Schedule to this A. t,
or as near thereto as may be, setting forth the limits or boundaries within
which such area or District is comprised, and the names of the towns,
harbors or settlements included therein, and praying for a Proclamation
hrohibiting the keeping of Dogs vuthin such area or .District.

-• — Such Petition or Requisition shall be sent to the nearest resident
Stipendiary Magistrate, and shall l>e by him (after examination and certifi-
cate as hereinafter provided) furnished to the Governor in ''ouncil.

3- — Upon receipt of any such Petition or Requisition containing the
signatures of not less than one-third of the Electors resident within any
such area or District, certified as aforesaid, the Governor in Cmincil .shall
issue a Proclamation or Public Notice prohibiting the keeping of Dogs
within such area or District..

4. — From and after the day prescribed in and by such Proclamation or
Notice, it shall not be lawful for any person resident within such area or
District to keep, or to have in his possession, or under his control, any Dog
within the area or District to which such Proclamation or Notice shall
relate, under a penalty not exceeding Fifty Dollars, or imprisonment for a
term not exceeding Three Months. This prohibition shall not apply to any
person or persons travelling or passing through such area or Districts and
having a licensed Dog oT Dogs in his or their possession, charge or control,
and not at large.

5. — It shall be the duty of all Police Constables to kill all Dogs found by
them in any area or District in which the keeping of Dogs is prohibited
under this Act, except Shepherd Dogs or Collies, and those excepted under
the next preceding section, and all such dogs not so excepted may be killed
by any person whomsoever. And it shall be lawful for any person to destroy
any Dog kept in contravention of the provisions of this Act.

***A11 penalties under this Act may be sued for and recovered in a sum-
mary manner before a Stipendiary Magistrate or Justice of the Peace, and
all fines shall be paid to the person who shall give information of the offence
and prosecute the offender to conviction.

SCHEDULE.— form of Petition or Requisition.

To His EXCELLENCY THK (HIVKKNUK i\ Cm NCII,: —
The Petition of the undersigned humbly sheweth, —

That your Petitioners are duly qualified Electors residing in an area or
section of the Electoral District of , comprised and bounded

as follows :

That the said area or section contains the following towns (or harbors or
settlements, as the case may be).

That your Petitioners are desirous, and humbly pray Your Kxcellency in
Council, that a Proclamation or Notice be issued under the provisions of
an Act passed in the Forty-seventh year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen
Victoria, Cap. 7, entitled " An Act to provide for the better Preservation of
Sheep, and for other purposes," prohibiting the keeping of Dogs within the
above described area or section of the said District, and youir Petitioners
will ever pray.

Dated at , the day of , 190 .

J. G. CON ROY,

Stipendiary Magistrate for Newfoundland.
Paiiee Oj/iet, St. John's, September,

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Post Office Department

Parcels, may be Forwarded by Post at Rates Given Below.
In the case of Parcels, for outside the Colony, the senders will ask for Declaration Form, upon which the Contents and Value must be Stated

FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND
LABRADOR.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM.

FOR UNITED STATES.

FOR DOMINION OF
CANADA.

I pou

2 pOU

8
9

1 1

See
ii

14
'7

23
26
29
32

35
35
Under i Ib
per 2 oz.

nts

24 ce
24
24
48
48
48
48
72
72
72
72

No parcel s
less than

12 ce

24
3»
48
60
72
84
96
$i 08

15 cents.
30

45
60

75
90

51.05

Cannot exceed seven pounds
weight.

No parcel sent to D. of C. for
less than 15 cents.

nds

weight, i cent

ent to U. K. for
24 cents.

No parcel sent to U. S. for
less than 12 cents.

N.B. — Parcel Mails between Newfoundland and United States can only be exchanged by direct Steamers : say Red Cross Line to and from New York ;
Allan Line to and from Philadelphia.

Parcel Mails for Canada are closed at General Post Office every Tuesday at 3 p.m., for despatch by " Bruce" train.

RATES OF COMMISSION

ON MONEY ORDERS.

THE Rates of Commission on Money Orders issued by any Money Order Office in Newfoundland to the United States
of America, the Dominion of Canada, and any part of Newfoundland are as follows : —

For sums not exceeding $10 5 cts. Over $50, but not exceeding $60 30 cts.

Over $10, but not exceeding $20 10 cts. Over J6o, but not exceeding $70 35 cts.

Over $20, but not exceeding $30 15 cts. Over $70, but not exceeding «>8o 40 cts.

Over $30, but not exceeding $40 20 cts. Over £80, but not exceeding $90 45 cts.

Over $40, but not exceeding $50 25 cts. Over $90, but not exceeding $100 50 cts.

Maximum amount of a single Order to any of the ABOVE COUNTRIES, and to offices in NEWFOUNDLAND, $100.00, but as
many may be obtained as the remitter requires.

General Post Office St. John's, Newfoundland, September, 1905. H. J. B. "WOODS, Postmaster General.

General Post Office, f Postal Telegraphs.

•JEREAFTER Cable Messages for all parts of the world will be accepted for transmission
** over Postal Telegraph lines and cable to Canso, N. S., at all Postal Telegraph Offices in
this Colony.

INLAND.

Avondale

Baie Verte (Little Bay N.)

Baine Harbor

Bay-de-Verde

Bay L'Argent

Bay Roberts

Beaverton

Belleoram

Birchy Cove (Bay of Islds.)

Bonavista

Bonne Bay

Botwoodville

Britannia Cove

Brigus

Brigus Junction

Burin

Carbonear

Catalina

Change Islands

Clarenville

Come-By-Chance

Conception Harbor

Fogo

Fortune

Gambo

Gander Bay

Glenwood

Grand Bank

Grand Falls

Grand Lake

Grand River

Greenspond

Hant's Harbor

Harbor Breton

Harbor Grace

Harbor Main

Heart's Content

Herring Neck

Holyrood

Howards

Humber Mouth (River-
head, Bay of Islands)

King's Cove

King's Point (S. W. Arm,
Green Bay)

Lamaline

Lewisport

Little Bay

Little River

Lower Island Cove

Manuels

Millertown Junction

Musgrave Harbor

New Perlican

New town

Nipper's Harbor

Norris' Arm

N. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Old Perlican

Pilley's Island

Port-au-Port (Gravels)

Port -aux-Basques (Channel)

Port Blandford

Stephenville Crossing

St. George's

St. Jacques

St. John's

St. Lawrence

Sandy Point

Scilly Cove

Seldom-Come-By

Sound Island

S. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Terenceville (head of

Fortune Bay)
Terra Nova
Tilt Cove
Trinity
Twillingate
Wesleyville
Western Bay
Whit bourne

Long Harbor

Postal Telegraph Message Forms may be obtained at any Post Office in the Colony, and from Mail Clerks on Trains and Steamers. If the sender
desires, the message may be left with the Postmaster, to be forwarded by mail Free of Postage to nearest Postal Telegraph Office.

H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

General Post Office, St. John's, Newfoundland, September, 1905.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

BAINE, JOHNSTON 4 Co,

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland,

General Merchants and Ship Owners.

..EXPORTERS OF..

Codfish, Cod Oil, Seal Oilt Seal Skins,
Codliver Oil (Norwegian process),

Salmon, Split Herring, Scotch Cured
Herring, Trout and Lobsters*

Sealing Steamers for Arctic hire. Steamers on
Labrador requiring COALS can be supplied at
Battle Harbor, at entrance to Straits of Belle Isle,
where there is telegraphic communication.

NEWMAN'S

Celebrated Port Wine,

In Cases of 1 doz. each,
at $8.25 in Bond ; also,

in Hogsheads, Quarter Casks aJLd Octaves.

*«

Baine, Johnston & Co.,

AGENTS.

NEWFOUNDLAND

LIME-SAND BRICKS.

(Size— <; x 4l/2 x 3 ).

WE GUARANTEE THESE BRICKS

As Good and Cheaper

Than any Imported Brick.

GOOD PRESSED EACE-BRICKS

Selling at Lowest
Market Rates by The

NEWPOINDLAND BRICK & MANirACTLIRING Co., Ltd.,
E. H. & G. DAVEY, Managers.

Telephone, 345. Brick Plant Works, Jon's Cove.

Water Street, St. John's.

W[ CORDIALLY EXTEND

To our Patrons and the Public

generally an invitation to visit our

—NEW STORE—

Which has just been opened.

We carry full Lines of

American, Canadian, ai" English

Suitings, Overcoatings, and Trouser-
ings, in the very latest materials and
patterns, and we guarantee, as always,
the utmost satisfaction to those who
favor us with their orders.

W. P. SHORTALL,

The American Tailor,

30O Water Street.

Keeping Rich

is frequently harder than getting rich.
Many a man loses in three months the accumulations
of thirty years. That is why you should take out an
Insurance Policy which will give immediate protec-
tion and ease your mind at once of all worry about
those who are dependent upon you. Send at once
for particulars of the Unconditional Accumulative
Policy issued by the Confederation Life As-
sociation, Toronto. It is the best policy contract

j. jt

issued in Newfoundland to-day.

CHAS. O'NEILL CONROY,

GENERAL AGENT FOR NFLD,

Law Chambers, St. John's, N.F.

A. HARVEY I (k,

Manufacturers of

SODA, PILOT and
jr FANCY BISCUITS,

We recommend all who want a really
FIRST CLASS SODA BISCUIT to
ask their grocer for a

Tak-Hom-a Soda Biscuit,
or Three X Soda Biscuit.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY;

VOL. V.— No. 2.

OCTOBER, J905.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

ft«F

Che Cathedral Bells.

By Most Rev. M. F. Howley, D.D.

_|HERE are at present in the Cathedral of St. John's
four Bells, one in the Eastern Tower and three in the

Western Tower.

The Great Bell in the Eastern Tower is two tons
weighl. It is five feet two inches in diameter, and sixteen feet
in perimeter. There are very few larger bells in America
if any.

These Bells were cast by Murphy, of Thomas Street, Dublin.
This firm became famous in Europe and America, and it was
this great bell of our Cathedral which first made them famous.

The Bell was. cast in 1850, and was placed on exhibition in
Dublin at the " Exhibition of Irish Manufactures" of the Royal
Dublin Society, together with some other of lesser weights.
" Your monster Bell," Murphy writes to Bishop Mullock, " takes
all their attention." " It is universally admired by all visitors."
" It is admitted by all who heard it to be the best Bell of its
weight in the British Dominions." Murphy received the award
of a Gold Medal for this Bell. " The frame and fittings are of
the best Irish oak." It cost, together with fittings, ,£272 195.
9d., stg.

Bishop Mullock, who was almost a professional in the matter
of bell foundry, being a great musician and high authority on
the subject, was enraptured with the Bell. He wrote a letter of
congratulation to Murphy in which he says: "* * * I never
" saw in Europe a more beautiful casting, nor a more beautifully
" shaped Bell. Tolling as it does, at a height of 400 feet over
" high water, it is heard for many miles round the country, and
" the power and richness of its tone cannot be surpassed. . . .
" The sounds come • out clear, deep and mellow, and at a dis-
" tance of miles the continuous deep and sonorous vibration is
" heard like the diapason of an organ. I can say in all sincerity
" I never heard a finer bell of its weight (40 cwt.)." This Bell
is christened by the name of St. John, the patron of the church
and city.

Encouraged by the success of this attempt, Murphy, in the
following year (1851), sent two Bells of smaller size to the
Exhibition at the Crystal Palace, London. The larger of the
two was 29 cwt. He fears that he will not get justice from
the English judges. It will be remembered that this was about
the time of the " Papal Aggression," the Establishment of the
Hierarchy in England, and anti-Papal feeling ran very high.
Among the devices on Murphy's Bell was St. Patrick in Vest-
ments and Mitre, trampling the serpent, and surrounded by a
wreath of shamrocks. Some of the English papers said it was
Cardinal Wiseman! He did, however, get a medal for them.
His name soon became known in England and he sent several
bells over, " even to Birmingham, the seat of metallurgic
industry." In 1852 he had on exhibition in Cork a peal
intended for Melbourne, Australia.

In 1852 Bishop Mullock, on account of bad time's, could not

order the peal of bells for the Cathedral. The large Bell does
not belong to the peal. The peal will consist of eight bells.
The tenor, or largest being 29 cwt., and the whole peal weighing
92 cwt. Of these, three are now in the western tower, and five
are wanting. In January, 1853, Bishop Mullock ordered the
first two Bells of the Peal D. and K. The Bishop sent the
designs for Inscriptions and devices. The clergy have promise
to assist him in purchasing them.

Rev. Fr. Bonaventure McCarthy, t).S.F.,of Adam and Eve's,
was commissioned by Bishop Mullock to look after the Bells for
him. Father McCarthy writes as follows (March 30, 1854) :
I went to Murphy and had the satisfaction of finding
that he was not only busily engaged in the necessary prepara-
tions for casting, but manifests an honest earnestness and a
tradesman like pride that pleased me. The mould for the larger
bell was complete. Its goodly proportions tempt one to walk
round it. Nor are the anticipations of a great bell and full
melodious sound diminished by contemplating the burly maker
as he stands with his legs wide apart and his hands stuffed into
his pockets, viewing his work with the most pursey com-
placency."

In April, 1854, the two Bells were completed and shipped to
Liverpool. They were valued at ^400, stg. Murphy writes of
them in the following strain : — " * * * I have great pleasure
" in informing Your Lordship that they are a pair of as beautiful
" toned bells as ever I cast. I have cast them to their precise
" notes, D and E natural, without a chip being cut from them
"for tuning; they are, then, what is technically termed in
" Bell-Music

" MAIDEN BELLS.

'• It often occurs, even with the best founders in England, that
" they will not have a single maiden bell in a whole peal."

The Bells were shipped from Liverpool on June ist, aboard
the ship Corrotnilla. I find no mention of the date of the
arrival of the Bells, but they were rung for the first time on
Sunday, November 26th, 1854. They are of the respective
weights of 27 cwt. and 21 cwt. The former (which is rung for
the Angelus) is christened St. Mary, and the latter St. Patrick.
These two Bells, D and E, were the first two of the peal, and
Dr. Mullock intended to order the other six immediately, but
the " times were so bad" he could not do so. In 1863 (?) the
third bell F (sharp) was ordered.

In 1863 Murphy writes, saying that he has on hand, all ready
for shipping, the five bells that are wanting to complete the
peal, viz. : G A B C (sharp) and D (octave). The whole weight
of the five Bells now required is 41 cwt.

It is the intention, if possible, to have the five additional bells
ordered immediatly, so as to give us the hope of being able to
peal out the " Adeste Fideles" on next Christmas Night.

+ M. F. HOWLEY.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Grouse Shooting in Detofoundland.

By D.

" Of all the joys that sporting yields,
Give me to hunt the stubble fields
Quite early in September."

kHEN old Somerville sang so enthusiastically of the
delights of Partridge shooting in Southern Eng-
land ; the joys of the heather and the far superior
sport of the Northern gunners on the Grouse
moors was hardly known to the old author of " The Chace."

In the Old Country, grouse shooting is the pastime of princes
and the delight of nobles and millionaires. In Newfoundland
it is the fisherman's amusement, open to everyone who can beg,
buy, or borrow a gun, and steal a dog. Though only a small
brown bird, " Tetrao Scoticus" is a power in the Mother Land.
Parliament is prorogued in his honour, the House always rises
on the 1 2th August, and the coveys rise on the wing for sporting
M. P's. Anyone who has happened to be in Scotland about the
nth will not readily forget the scenes at the Scotch stations,
especially such a one as Perth. The endless gun cases, the
splendid setters and pointers, straining at the leash. The eager-
gaitered and well got up sportsmen, the gillies and the garb of
old Gael, all bound for the land of the bonnie heather.

Punch describes a worried Scotch Railway Porter wrestling
with a lot of pointers and setters: — " What am I going to do
with these tam dugs? they have all aiten their tackets."

Our sporting demonstration on the opening day does not quite
come up to this fine show. If you look into the luggage van at
the Railway Depot you will find, about the i4th September,
eight or ten fine dogs variously occupied with their chains, and
a small but illustrious band of keen sportsmen (the noble Von
Stein, with his ample person bestowed on a box, the voluptuous
form of John Strang reclining on a sack, nearly as popular as
the ample flask he carries in his bulging pocket). Three or
four minor individuals, with pipes, seriously occupied with the
care of their impedimenta and eager to display their more or
well-formed calves and brand new knicker-bockers.

The journey down to the barrens, whether by road or rail, is
always pleasant. You are out for a holiday, there is a freedom
from all restraint ; care and anxiety and all earthly troubles and
worries are foi the time banished far away. The fresh spark-
ling water, the sweet breath of the pine wood, the fresh breezy
air are all delightful, and above all there is the joyous anticipa-
tion of good sport on the morrow. Every now and then there
are kindly greetings on the road; you meet your old friends of
former trips — " What about the birds, Mick ?" " Well, you see,"
says he, " I'm tuk up with the vyage, and so I don't be follying
the country, but the bys that's be after the cows seed a few
scattered covies about the Burnt Hills and the Look Out. I
don't be thinking there powerful plenty at all." Your informant
is probably a shooter himself, and this pessimistic report is a
dodge to keep a few birds for his own gun. Bye and bye you
meet another more genial and inventive livier, and with an air of
simple candor and veracity he says: "How be the birds?"
" Well, I never heard tell on the like. Jim Malone cum across
the country from beyant tudder day, may be a week agone last
Sunday, he had nara dog, he never stepped off the pat and
begob he put ten fine covies to wing." I knew one gifted artist
in mendacity who promised an exalted personage royal sport.
" Come out to me, Sir William, and I'll show you thirteen fine

W. Prowse, LL.D.

covies." The reality, after a hard day's tramp, materialized into
one solitary old cock. However, all things come to an end,
and by night-fall you have reached your destination — either a
camp in the woods, or your head-quarter at a fisherman's house.

It is worth while to make the journey for such a kindly wel-
come. All the village has foregathered in your honour — the
old man and the boys are soon puffing away with your tobacco,
the guns are always a special object of attraction, and all the
queer odds and ends of tinned provisions are turned over and
examined. In the meantime the mistress and the girls are busy
about your supper.

A wise man you go early to bed, and don't take too much of
the " craytur." There is no need to rouse you in the early

WILLOW GROUSE.

morn, you are off before dawn ; the dread of some keener
sportsman cutting you off lends wings to your movements, and
before sunrise you are climbing the Hills. We breast the long
ascent ; it takes it out of us a bit. We stay a moment to draw
breath, the sun is just touching the eastern hills with a soft
roseate light, below us lies the bay with its brown-sailed fishing
boats and its purple islands. Through the pure air for miles
away we can see the gleam of white houses, behind the dark
pine woods, the fir-clad hills, the broad open moors, interspersed
with verdant marshes in the long distance, seem as bright
and green as the new mown meadows. The wild far-stretching
moorland that lies before us has a beauty of its own. Every-
where there are wild flowers and low berry-bearing shrubs with
clear bright purling streams and endless lakes ; much of the
open country is stern, wild and bare, but it has a weird beauty
of its own, and the clear exhilerating atmosphere braces you
like a subtle tonic.

Before we commence our day's sport, let me say one word
about your Newfoundland guide. In his old canvas jacket and
patched moleskin trousers, 3 our Terra Novian fisherman is not

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

so picturesque a figure as the Scotch gillie in the garb of old
Gael ; but for keenness of sight, for knowledge of birds and their
habits, for accuracy in marking where the covies pitch, for endur-
ance and walking powers, and above all, for courtesy and kindly
manners, I will back him against the best of the bra Highlanders
that ever drank the mountain dew, or scratched himself in the
early dawn. If you make, a bad miss he will always find an excuse
for you — "Sure there as wild as hawks; the devil wouldn't kill
the like of em."

I remember one day five birds rose, two crossed as I fired,
and both came down. My companion killed right and left, and
I finished off the fifth bird with my second barrel. The whole
thing was a pure fluke, but our guide turned to two old fisher-
men who were cruising the hills — " Dat's the way, Paddy," said
he, " their doing it all day."

All the English and American sportsmen who have visited
Newfoundland — Selous, Guille Millais, Pritchard the Novelist,
and Vanderbilt the Millionaire, speak in the highest terms of
the never-failing cheerfulness, their patient endurance of fatigue,
the remarkable knowledge of all woodcraft and habits of the
caribou shown by their Newfoundland guides. All unanimously
declare that no better companions, for the woods and wild sport,
can be found anywhere. And now —

" Together let us beat this ample field,
Try what the open— what the covert yields."

Out range the dogs, away they go, with a rushing gallop right
and left across the wind, bye and bye you notice Grouse is on
a hot scent, Don and Ranger take it up, and you get excited and
nervously finger your gun, you work the ground carefully all
over, but it ends in a fiasco. The birds have lain there all night,
and at early dawn they have flown to the feeding ground. On
go the dogs again. Presently you notice Grouse begins to draw.
He has the birds this time all right. As you mount the next
low hill you see him just below, his lashing tail has become stiff,
and with head outstretched and rigid body he slowly moves
along, until at last he stands as motionless as if carved in stone.
Ranger and Don, as they mount the ridge, suddenly catch sight
of Grouse, and at once you see them also transformed into
statuesque canines backing their companion.

Slowly you saunter up to Grouse. Mick — your man with the
Celtic temperament — may be excited, but if you are a genuine
sportsman you will keep cool. You have broken in your dogs ;
you know them well, and you know, too, that if you get flurried
they will soon copy your example.

As you approach Grouse, slowly and cautiously he moves
ahead. Whilst you have been walking up to him the birds have
also moved on, not far, but still further off than the old dog
considers the correct thing. You look about you, wondering
where on earth are the birds ? When, whirr 1 there is a startling
sound, and a dozen brown birds are in the air scudding away;
with your right barrel you pick off the old cock, and with your
left down goes another, shot through the back he lies with wings
outstretched. Mick declares " Begob, it was a great shot," but
you know in your heart that it was plain and easy, and that you
would be the veriest duffer if you had missed them. All the
same your sportsman's vanity admits the soft impeachment, —
" Not bad, Mick." The remaining birds have taken refuge in
a big tuck — a lot of stunted spruces on the hill-side leading
down to the brook. They are scattered and lie close. This is
the prettiest shooting of all, and one and by one you work them
all out, getting every variety of shot ; and if you are in good
form you will bag nearly the whole covey.

On you go over the barrens, meeting birds more or less —

singly and in covies — and by the brooks an odd snipe. Pre-
sently, about eleven o'clock, you look about for a place to boil
the kettle.

This is the most delightful time of all for Mick. The amount
of " lay" a good hearty Newfoundlander will swallow is some-
thing incredible. He wont eat so much meat, unless you force
it on him ; but after you have done, he loves to refill the pot
and go at it again.

The knowing shooter takes a good long time over his lunch.
In the middle of the day is the worst time for the birds, whilst
the late afternoon and evening are the best. On the return
tramp all the scattered covies will be found in their old haunts.
By this time you will be a bit stiff and tired, and probably good
shot as you undoubtedly may be, you will miss an occasional
chance ; but you have had a good day's sport, a good tramp,
and you will enjoy your supper as if you had earned it.

A good day's grouse shooting in Newfoundland affords as fine
a sport as there is in the world. This, at least, is the opinion
of Admiral Sir W. R. Kennedy — the best all round sportsman
in the British Navy.

And now in conclusion let me say just a word about the
natural history of our fine indigenous bird. The Devonshire
men, who first settled in this country, had never seen the moor
fowl, so they named our bird after their own " Partridge." The
correct description is the " Willow Grouse" — " Tetrao Saliceti."
He is a distinguished member of the great family of the Tet-
raonidoj, all northern birds, they range from the Capercaillie, or
Cock of the Woods, weighing seventeen pounds — an inhabitant
of Northern Sweeden and Lapland, to the little Rocky Mountain
Grouse of less than one pound. In Newfoundland we have two
distinct forms of the Grouse shown in the engraving.

The Willow Grouse, too well known to need description,
varies in weight from twenty-three to twenty-seven ounces,
whilst the Rock Grouse or American Ptarmigan — " Texrao Lago
Pus Rupestris" — is smaller than its congener and rarely exceeds
twenty ounces. Its general plumage is grey, or gray brown, and
the tail and wing feathers a blackish brown, much darker in the
Willow Grouse than in the Rock Grouse, which is slightly red-
dish grey about the head, which is also smaller. Altogether, in
its more sober colours, it differs from the rich reds and brown
of the larger species.

The habitat of the Rock Grouse is high mountains. In New-
foundland it is only found on the South and West of the Island.
Both species are spread over Hudson Bay, Labrador, and the
Arctic Regions of North America. The Scotch Grouse has
been naturalized in Sweden. It seems to me desirable that an
attempt should be made to introduce both the Black Cock and
the Grouse into this country ; more efforts should also be made
to re-introduce the moose. The funds obtained from deer and
licenses fgr sporting dogs might very well be set apart for the
laudable purpose of preserving our rivers, and stocking valuable
game birds on our wild lands.

The Native Grouse is being rapidly thinned out ; I know
many places from whence it has entirely disappeared. An effort
has been made to prevent the extinction of one of the most
valuable game birds in the world, by stopping all shooting for
one year and putting back the opening season until October.
We shall see this year how it has worked. Grouse being mainly
a ground bird can be easily decimated.

In the August Cornhill, 1905, I discussed the question of
Grouse disease, and proposed, as a remedy, to mate the home
birds with our hardier and stronger breed. Mr. Reginald I.
Smith, K.C., the Editor, intends to try the experiment. To be
successful it will have to be carried out on a large scale.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

International Order or Good templars.

By Rev. A. W. Lewis, B.D., Grand Chief Templar of Newfoundland.

surprise

<;RANI> I.OIX;K SKAI..

E new inter-
pretation of
I. O. G. T.

will probably
even many
Good Templars. This
name has been under
consideration for years
by the International
Supreme Lodge ; and
at its last Session in
Belfast, Ireland, Aug.,
1905, it was adopted in
the place of " Inde-
pendent Order of Good
Templars." Instead of
calling the Officers of
this Triennial Lodge
Right Worthy Grand

Templars, they are now to be known merely as " International."
The change of name is fully justified by the unexampled growth
of this Temperance Movement. It is " the largest Total Abstin-
ence Brotherhood in the world." Councillor Joseph Malins, of
Birmingham, England, has been Right Worthy Grand Templar
for years; and has most efficiently filled this important office.
Upon his retirement in August, 1905, Lieutenant Wavrinsky,
P.G.C.T. of Sweden, was elected as his successor, •' International
Chief Templar." The International Counsellor is Dr. L. O.
Jensen, G.C. T. of Norway. Councillor Malins. G.C.T. of Eng-
land, is Past International Chief Templar. The International
Vice-Templar is Mrs. James L. Yule, P.G.T. of Ireland. The
International Secretary is Colonel B. I1'. Parker, P.G.S. of Wis-
consin, U.S.A. The International Assistant Secretary is Rev.
Rees Evans, G.C.T. of Wales. The International Treasurer is
Dr. Bluine, Berlin, G.C.T. of Germany. The International
Chaplain is Rev. M. Bruce-Meikleham, G.C.T. of Scotland.
The International Superintendent of Juvenile Temples is Miss
Jessie Forsyth, Boston, U. S. A. The International Marshal is
J. W. Howells of Natal. The International Deputy Marshal
is Miss Margaret E. Wright of New South Wales, Australia.
The International Messenger is James A. Simpson of Nova
Scotia. The International Guard is R. Sandilands of Natal.
The International Sentinel is William Arnot of Bombay, India.
The International Electoral Superintendent is Guy Hayter,
P.G.Co. of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England. Surely the Order
is entitled to the name of International.

In writing a short article upon the International Order of
Good Templars, I do not wish to compare it in any way with
other excellent Total Abstinence Societies. We wish all '• God
speed." But every member of every such Society must be in-
terested in Good Templary. for all are sister societies, not rivals,
but partners. Under the shade of the subject of this article all
branches of the Church Universal may stand as brothers and
sisters, hand joined in hand. This article should be of interest
to every part of Newfoundland, also because the Grand Lodge
has prepared a Circular Letter to be sent to EVERY clergy-
man in this " our Island Home," where there is not already a
Good Templar Lodge. Although I feel incapable of doing
justice to this noble Order, I trust the universal interest will
over-look any defects.

Every man and woman deplores drunkenness. No intelligent
person denies that it is the great curse of modern civilization.
It weakens the nation, corrupts society, robs home of its light,
blights character, and gives innocent children an awful heritage.
The only difference of opinion is how best to combat the evil.
If some believe in Temperance and not Total Abstinence, yet
they should not be inimical in any way to those that just as hon-
estly believe in a complete boycott of Alcoholic Beverages. If
their position is as strong, then they can afford to be magnan-

imous. Right never needs acrimonious arguments. Let US
calmly look at the case of Good Templary.

Total Abstinence is thorough and well defined. Temperance
in Drinking says, " You may take a glass or two, but do not
take enough to make you drunk." There is NO LIMIT; and
there is where all the drunkenness arises. Some have strength
of will to do this and never be more than moderate drinkers.
Others do not do this, for every drunkard began by being mod-
erate. Some have a dormant thirst for drinks containing
alcohol; and a glass now and again awakens this sleeping tiger
of appetite. You may as well talk to a robbed tigress as to a
man that has that craving. Experience abundantly proves this.
Now, Total Abstinence says, " Let us be sure of results and know
just what is allowed. If you never taste alcohol, you will never
be a drunkard." Is there anything wrong in that ?

When Good Templary asks a man to give up his occasional
glass, it does not ask him to deny himself what is good for him.
A healthy body does not need alcohol ; and in case of illness
the Doctor may prescribe. What is more, Science has proved
that the use of alcohol even in moderation is harmful to the
normal body. This is taught, at least in the schools of America
in Science Primers. The vital organs are weakened. They
do their work less perfectly and are the more exposed to dis-
ease, ever lurking near man. Insurance Companies are not
Temperance Fanatics ; and they give special terms to those in
the " Total Abstinence Class." The pleasure arising from the
exhileration of a " drink," is more than counterbalanced by the
reaction.

Good Templary asks us to deny ourselves what we may think will not
harm us, for the good of others. If those in danger of becoming drunkards
are to be reached, it must be by the stronger ones making common cause
with them. We say, " I will not touch alcoholic beverages, in order to get
some one in danger to do the same." A moderate drinker cannot get a
weak brother to abstain by saying to him, " You are weaker. You cannot
do as I do." This is felt to be an insult ; and the weak one is more deter-
mined to show that he is not weak, only to fail as before. It is example
that helps. And surely the principle is deserving of respect, " Let us deny
ourselves for the good of others."

Good Templary believes, in prevention. It cures those that need a bro-
ther's helping hand ; but it lays great emphasis upon training the young
and pledging the young, before they begin to tamper with what may be
their ruin. The Juvenile Temples, from the age of five years, are taught
the principles of Good Templary, as they are able to understand them. As
they grow up they naturally become Good Templars, and they are pledged
to life-long total abstinence. Thus, though they may cease to be members
of a Lodge, their honor keeps them true to the aims of the Order. Ten
millions have thus been pledged by this one Society.

Good Templary enlists the social instincts. The sacred cause of human-
ity has allied with it the charm of earth's best fellowship. Society, is freed
from the blight of an indulgence which robs it of its purest joys. Temp-
lars gather week after week for helpful companionship, under educative
influences. Many of the best public speakers in the land had their first
training in the entertainments of the Templar Lodge; and bashful youths
learn to forget themselves in an honest attempt to make others happier
and better.

The change in Public Sentiment on Temperance the last few years is a
marvel, imperfectly understood by the many. We can remember when it
was considered the proper thing to have wines upon the side-boards ; and
the clergy might take their glass without offence. Now the custom is retir-
ing to the back-ground. It is fashionable not to offer intoxicants to those
that do not " drink." And gentlemen in choosing a life-partner prefer one
that does not " like her glass." Good Templary has done much to effect
this change of sentiment; and Public Sentiment is stronger than the arm
of Law. Good Templary is doing much to train young ladies to prefer the
young men that are pledged against the great enemy of home and happiness.

Prohibition is a step in advance of Total Abstinence. Concerning this
there is more difference of opinion. Many say we have no right to rob
others of their liberty to eat or drink what they choose. Yet all civilized
countries maintain that the state has a right to forbid what is detrimental
to the public welfare, physically and morally. W^e have stringent laws
about lighting fires in the dry season. Lotteries are outlawed, at least in
the United States and Canada, probably in Newfoundland. The only
questions are, " Does the licensed sale of intoxicants weaken and maim true
citizenship, and infringe upon the rights of good citizens? Are the saloons
a menace to young manhood, the hope of the home, and the hope of the
State ? How does the danger compare with an occasional bush fire ?"
However, a Good Tempiar is not pledged to Prohibition, although the In-
ternational Supreme Lodge at its session at Indianapolis in 1869 adopted
(Continued an page 13.)

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Crout Culture in DcutfoundlaiKL

By L. E. Keegan, B.A., M.D. — Illustrated from Photographs by the Author.

EWFOUNDL AND— known to the outside world as
the land of fogs and codfish — is becoming universally
spoken of as the " Angler's Paradise," a much more
euphonious and deserving name. During the the past
few years we have been visited by many sportsmen, and it is to
the Disciples of Isaac Walton, who have come here from the
East and from the West, that we owe our new title, for those
who have been lucky enough to cast the fly on our rivers to
have done battle with our noble salmon or fill their creel with the
sporting char have left us, favourably impressed, much improved
in health and full of determination to visit the Angler's Paradise
once more.

Trout culture in such a country may seem unnecessary, never-
theless the Game Fish Association is leaving nothing undone in
this line. An up-to-date hatchery is in full working order near
St. John's; thousands of fry, principally of the Rainbow Trout
variety, are turned out annually and distributed throughout the
country, and the result is splendid sport in nearly all the neigh-
bouring lakes. In the near future most of the lakes throughout
Newfoundland will contain the Rainbow Trout — a very valuable
addition to our present sporting fishes, and if the propagation is
carried on in a proper manner Newfoundland's present reputa-
tion will certainly live.

Before describing the " Trout Culture" as carried out at the
Game Fish Association Lakes, it might be well to say a few
words about the Association. The object of the Association is
the propagation of Game Fish throughout the Island, and
the advancement of angling as a sport. It receives no Govern-
ment Grant for the work done; on the contrary the Association
piys the Government an annual rental for the control of the
two lakes where the " Trout Culture" is carried on.".

The Association has a ;nembership of about fifty, and its run-
ning expenses are financed by the members who are all good
sportsmen, keen on angling themselves, and anxious to do every-
thing in their power to advance sport for the benefit of others.

The Club Lakes are situated near Portugal Cove in a most
picturesque spot, about seven miles diftance from St. John's, and
quite adjacent to the lakes and fed by water running therefrom
stands the hatchery. The members have the sole right of fish-
ing the waters from June ist to December ist.

Overlooking the lakes is a well-built club house, fitted with
every accommodation, and much frequented during the fishing
season.

To watch and study the various stages of " Trout Culture"
from the capture of the parent fish to the ova stage, and from
this to the fully developed fry, one must visit the lakes and
hatchery during the months of April, May and June, and
although only members are admitted special pemission can
always be obtained by anyone anxious to see the various inter-
esting sights during the spawning season.

The first stage in the process is the capture of the parent fish,
and this is accomplished by netting the river which connects the
two lakes. The river is a small one. It has been widened and
well gravelled, and pools and falls have been artificially con-
structed to entice the fish from the deep water of the lakes.

On or about the latter part of April the spawning season
commences, and then the river is carefully watched. At first the
fish are shy. Trout varying from y, to 4 pounds may be seen
for some time about the mouth of the river, but becoming rest-
less and anxious to carry out the process of reproduction in the
natural way. they soon enter the spawning beds where the fish
waiden is ready to receive them. He is armed with a net strung
on a large triangular frame, «nd quickly impounding the fish by
blocking the mouth of the liver he drags the pool for spawners.

THE CLUB HOUSE.

DRAGGING THE POOL FOR SPAWNERS.

Large cans containing water are in readiness. The captured
fish are placed therein and conveyed to the other end of the
lake where " sorting" takes place, the male fish or milters being
placed in one can, the females in another. As quick and gentle
manipulation is important, differentiating between the sex . is
somewhat difficult, but after a little time one becomes quite pro-
ficient, distinguishing at a glance the short head and rounded
body of the female fish from the longer head -and thinner body
of the male.

The second stage, or " stripping" the fish, as the artificial
method is called, is now proceeded with, and this stage is ex-
tremely interesting, when you consider that a little egg may
eventvally mean a two or three pound fish, and that with ordin-
ary care 85 per cent, of the eggs spawned and fertilized by this
artificial method hatch out.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

" Stripping" is the most difficult process, gentle manipulation in
handling the fish being absolutely necessary, and no fish should
be killed or injured during the operation.

The requirements for the operation are few : a steady table
on which is placed a clean dry basin, an ordinary tea-spoon, and
a pair of light spring forceps. Beside the table is placed a large
tub containing ordinary salt and water for the salt bath, and a
few cans of fresh water. Every preparation must be complete
before touching the fish. The operator then draws on a pair of
thick woollen gloves, and commercing with the females, he lifts
the fish out of the can with a light short-handled landing net.
With his left hand he quickly grasps the slippery trout just
above the tail, while with his right he carefully seizes the head

The fish is then dropped into the salt bath and left there for
a minute. This process cleanses and stimulates the skin and
prevents the formation of fungus growth. An assistant now
lift it out and returns it to the lake, when after a short rest it
completely recovers and swims away, apparently none the worse
for the operation.

Having spawned all the female fish into the basin, a couple
of good male fish are selected, and being handled in somewhat
the same manner, the milt is expressed and deposited on the
eggs. It is not necessary to apply pressure so high up in the
case of the male fish, because the milt glands are situated much
lower than the ovaries.

HOLDING A FOUR FOUNDER.

and shoulders. Then holding the fish vent downwards over the
basin, he applies gentle pressure with his right hand upon the
belly, when if the fish is ripe the eggs rush out in a steady
stream. With a little further gentle manipulation the complete
contents of the ovaries will be expelled.

THE EGGS RUSH OUT IN A STEADY STREAM.

DEPOSITING THE MILT ON THE EGGS.

The eggs and milt must then be thoroughly mixed by a rotary
movement of the basement. To the naked" eye they appear as
a yellow sticky mass, adhering to the dish and to each other.
A small amount of fresh water is now poured on, the mixing
continued for a few minutes longer, when the dish is covered
and left standing to allow fertilization to be completed.

The time necessary for fertilazation varies according to the
temperature, but one hour will generally be sufficient. The
eggs are then examined again, and it is found that they present
a different appearance ; fertilization has already caused a change
and they appear larger and separated from each other.

The third stage consists of thoroughly washing the fertilized
eggs, and is a very important step. In large hatcheries where
millions of eggs are handled they are placed in a washer, through
which a constant flow of water passes. With us fresh water is
poured on the eggs and off again several times, until they are
washed and become brilliant looking. The eggs are now carried
to the hatchery and carefully spread out on the grills. The
grills we use are made of perforated slate, and are suspended in
the hatching boxes so that the water may pass under and over
them. Each grill is capable of carrying about a thousand eggs,
the measure used being an ordinary teaspoon which holds about
one hundred ova.

When all the fertilized ova have been placed in the hatching
boxes and the water supply seen to, there is little else to do
except watch them from day to day and pick out dead eggs as
they appear. There is no difficulty in detecting them as they
become quite opaque.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

LIVE EGGS.

DEAD EGG.S.

If the dead eggs are not removed they become covered with
a fungus growth which quickly spreads and causes great damage.
The hatchery should be kept dark dining the whole of the in-
cubation period, as light is not only favourable to the growth of
fungus, but it may injure the embryos.

The different stages of " Trout Culture" have now been de-
scribed, the capture of the parent fish, the stripping, the fertili-
zation of the ova, the washing and deposit on the grills, and at
this stage it might be well to give a short description of the in-
teresting changes that are taking place in the ova from the mo-
ment of fertilization, right up to the end of the incubation time,
when the small fry bursts from its egg.

A trout egg or ovum is made up of protoplasm, and if it is
carefully examined under the microscope a sirull cell called the
germinal vesicle will be seen situated to one side. A closer
examination of this " Germinal Vesicle" will reveal a much
smaller cell in its centre which cell is called the " Germinal jpot."
When the milt is deposited on the eggs as described and the
small spermatozoa contained in it successfully enters the ger-
minal spot, impregnation takes place and great changes soon
follow. The Germinal vesicle first divides into two cells and
these two cells subdivide into others, and so on, every new cell
forming other new cells, this cell formation being known as the
" segmentation process". When this process has ceased the
ovum consists of a mass of small corpuscles without any cell
wall, and somewhat resembles a mulberry, consequently this
is called the morula stage. As development advances the
" morula" cells change in shape and become armed with little
threads called cilia, which gives it the power of movement. This
stage in the development being known as the '• planula" stage.
The ovum now consists of three parts, and each part has the
special function of developing certain portions of the little fry's
anatomy. These interesting changes are not visible to the naked
eye; nevertheless, they are taking place while the eggs lie in the
hatching boxes during the first few weeks, and can be studied
with the microscope. Towards the end of the third week, ac-
cording to the temperature of the water, the result of the de-
velopment that has been going on becomes apparent, and the
observer who has probably given up all hope of seeing any
change becomes intensely interested as he notices black spots
appearing in each egg. The OVA are now said to be " eyed up,"
and at this stage of development the incubation is about half
over, and the eggs which required perfect rest up to this time,
can now be taken up, washed, packed in boxes and sent to dif-
ferent parts of the world where the hatching can be again con-
tinued. If the " eyed" ova be examined with the microscope
one can distinctly see the circulation of blood, also the veins,
arteries and tissues of the future fry. After the eggs have been
"eyed" no further change will be noticed [or several days, but if

the temperature of the water in the hatchery keeps at about 50
degrees ten days will be sufficient to complete the development.
Then a great metamorphosis takes place and the thousands of
eggs, which had remained motionless on the grills for so many
weeks, suddenly change into thousands of little wriggling and
peculiar looking creatures called " alevins."

Alevins are delicate and helpless, their peculiar appearance
is due to the small yellow sac which is attached to the belly,
this sac contains fat globules, the absorption of which sustains
life during a period of about fourteen days. When the fat glob-
ules are all used up, the sac shrinks and the alevin assumes a
proper shape and is then called a fry.

If proper attention has been paid to the hatching boxes dur-
ing the incubation stage, about 85 per cent of the eggs put dov. ,.
will hatch out, and after a wait of some weeks one will have the
satisfaction of seeing thousands of fry in a healthy state. At
first they pack closely together at the head of the boxes, but
after a little time they swim about vigorously in their miniature
stream, rising at any small particle floating down. It is a very
interesting sight to watch them, and even the most casual ob-
server becomes much impressed and wonders at the marvellous
way in which Nature can be beaten by Art in this culture and
propagation of fishes.

In about five weeks from the date of hatching the fry will be
hardy and ready to embark in life. During that period they are
fed on grated liver or cod roe, which is an excellent food and
than thousands of them are conveyed to the different lakes
about the country, where in a few years they will have grown to
good size fish, affording splendid sport to the lucky angler.

Other lots of fry are placed in a specially prepared pond
close to the hatchery, known as the Fry Pond, where they are

THE FRY POND.

watched and carefully fed for a period of twelve months, when
as " yearlings" they are turned loose in the club lakes. On a
miscellaneous diet the yearlings thrive well and very soon
become good sporting fish, and although many fall victims to the
" well delivered fly, many others escape and in due time enter
the spawning beds to deliver up their eggs as their parents did
before them.

Thus is the propagation of species maintained, and thus is
trout culture carried on at the Game Fish Association Hatchery.
What we do is but part of what should be done, and in conclu-
sion I would point out that in our Inland Fisheries there is a
mine of wealth for the Colony, that the care and the propagation
of the Salmonida; is of the utmost importance, and I would urge
that the Inland Fishery Question be given the attention it de-
serves and be treated in a scientific manner. If this be done
there is every reason to hope that sport will improve, and that
Terra Nova will be an "Angler's Paradise" for many years to
come.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

In Cuangelinc's Garden.

£' €n»oi.

"TITYRE TU RECUBANS."
By Eros Wayback.

ONE evening the summer day ending,

When the lights with the shadows lay blending.

And the delicate, scent-laden, mauve-laden bushes

Of lilacs that spread where the flushes

Of light from the west were last falling,

And 'the throstle to mate softly calling;

When one catches the fragrance of grasses
That's pilfered by soft breeze that passes,
To Kvangeline's Garden I wandered.
And there 'neath the old yew tiee pondered
On days that art- passed, that are hoary, —
On long ago days and their story.

Like a latter-day Tityrus lying

Outstretched on the sward, I am plying

Fond memory, and scenes that are olden

Come time-softened heie thro' the golden

Diaphanous light of the garden, -

Thro' the branches of the old yew, — fie warden.

The smoke from my briile-gueule floats curling.

Like wreathing of incense unfurling ;

I soar with it dreamily whirled

From the strenuous life of the world.

With surcease from toil and the_ babble

Of streets and the noise of the rabble.

There she stands, over yon, with the shimmer
Of white on her garments, and glimmer
Of tresses, like sheaves on the praiik-
That e'er and anon seem to vary
When bound by the reapeis, all mellow
With the ripeness of autumn, and yellow

With red gleaming autumn's bright flashes

Of gold in Iheir waving and splashes ;

Was there ever a latter-day maiden

With such tresses, loose flowing or braiden,

With such eyes of the depths of the azure,

Oft beheld 'twixt the cloudlet's embrazure; -

With the swesp of those fringing curved lashes
That are shading and softening their flashes;
And e'er with that smile supplemented
I!y deep dimples so cunning indented
On cheeks with the glow of lipe peaches,
And Cupid's sweet curve that beseeches ?

And there by the woodbine entangled,

With those strange, yellow flowers bespangled.

Again I behold her reclining.

In that arbour the roses entwining,

Where evening's last light has just caught her,

And I seek for the jewel I biought her ; —

Why, old fellow \ been dosing ?

Sure, the maiden reposing

There, is Mollie, Evangeline's daughter I

"Its so long,' said the sun to the brook that was froze,
Since you bubbled and babbled of joys and of woes.
That when you get started again, I suppose,

Some chestnut we'll hear aboul " Flowers and breezes so balmy."
Then the brook lisped reply, " When your gr.dding around,
Thay I'm gurgling and flowing quite free and unbound,
As of yore, I am rushing by mead and by wold, for you thaw me."

— F.ros ll'aybatk.

Song of a Dcopl)ptc.

Bv Robert Gear Mac Donald.

IT has come, it has come, O my heart

Like the scintillant glow of the dawn \
And the leaps in my pulses start,

And Life's curtain is backward drawn.
In a sky that no cloudlets blur

It wheels in gyrations free,
And its joy's in the wind astir,

And its flash on the amber sea.

And ever through sun-burnt days,

When September is turning aside,
It is setting my brain ablaze

And thrilling my heart with pride ;
And ever through darkling nights,

When the stars shine full in their place,
I know that more glorious lights

Are shimmering over my face.

Ye odors that come from the sea,

Come now as ye breathed in the past ;
Ye waves that are tumbling with glee

Bring me earnest of happiness vast.
For the past and the future meet

In these days that inspire my soul,
And the past's dim vista is sweet,

And the future looks sound and whole.

The years that the locust ate,

God will to my life restore,
His bounty is passing great,

He blesses me more and more.
And the canker-worm is dead,

Whose tooth would have withered my heart
The blood in my veins bounds red

With intoxicating dart !

Oh, life to be lived by me !

Oh, joy of the unborn years !
Oh, jubilant hours to be !

Oh, light that the future wears !
The glow of that new fire spreads

In the clear dawning heavens above ;
I live in the light it sheds,

And its wonderful name is — Love 1

in ilic Offing.

By Dan Carroll.

FAR out whsre white sails dip and lift
Their swelling bosoms on the verge
Of waters, there's a ship that waves

A sun-lit sail all day.
Her helm has taught her many a shift ;
Still far to sea that ship delays,
Rapt in a dreamy summer haze,
And gains no length of way.

She cannot catch a breeze to urge
Her landward ere the day is done;
But with the setting of the sun
She's glorified, and like a star
Her mast-head flashes from afar

This thought to me:—

" Thus souls upon the swelling sea
Of song and passion miss the gift
Of words, that pass them winging swift,
So on the verge of silence cbift
With dip and lift."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

M. & [. Kennedy,

CONTRACTORS and
PI in niFpg

********************************************

Dealers in Pressed and Stock Brick,
Selenite, Plaster, Sand, Drain Pipes,
Cement, Chimney Tops, &c, «£

orders in the Carpentry, Masonry, and all classes
of work in the Building Business, promptly attended to.

OFFICE AND RESIDENCE:

38 henry Street, # St. John's, Nfld.

K. NOAH,

322 Water Street, opposite fllan Goodridge & Sons.

We have been in the Dry Goods for-a number of years and
understand our business. Our ideas are old and new. Noah
of old saved the people, and Noah of St. John's can supply,
wholesale, all kinds of Goods. Lowest quotations. Give us
a trial order and be convinced.

K. NOAH,

322 WATER STREET.

fishermen & Town Customers !

READ THIS CAREFULLY.

PROVISIONS and GROCERIES

JOHN J. HEALEY,

(Near the Long Bridge), is offering some wonderful Bargains in Flour,
Biead, Pork, Butter, Molasses, Cornmeal, Oats, Corn, Cattle Keed, B-an;
and cheap Tea — remarkable for strength. We trade in Fish, Oil, Turnips,
Potatoes, Partridge, and Rabbits. Call before you buy anywhere else, and
you won't be sorry. JOHN J. HEALEY, 68 & 70 Water Street West.

A. W.

CUSTOM SHOEMAKER.
Boots & Shoes Repaired,

230 Theatre Hill, St. John's.

Fine Repairing a Specially. Outport Orders Solicited

e^Carlton Restaurant*^

W. COLLYMORE, late, R. IM., Proprietor.

Boarding, Lodging and Refreshments,
Teas, Lunches, Dinners and Breakfasts
at all hours — shortest notice

Cold Lunches and Suppers 106 Water Street,

always on hand. St. John's, ma.

Ho One tikes

BEN-HUR FLOUR

unless they have used it*

But once used, Always used*

YOUR GROCER SELLS IT

0. I. ANDERSON & Co., Agents.

WILL NOT GET
LUMPY.

VERMIN PROOH

TWO
PIECES

*1.5O
FXTDA

MANUFACTUBED BY ,

HUE MATTRESS MFij C?

5TJOMN'5 NEWFOUNDLAND.

5ize..

Ins

.GUARANTEED

CONTAIN

NOTHING

BUT

PURE
ELASTIC

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly.'

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Manning's Drug Store,

148 ft 150 New Power Street.

Only Drug Store in the City

OPEN # EVERY # NIGHT
TILL H O'CLOCK.

J.V.O'DEA&Co

WHOLESALE.

flour, Provisions and feed.

ST. JOHN'S.

JOB BROTHERS & Co.,

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

I 111 |l Apt OpC °f British and American Goods of every
I NI|JUI \\J\ O description— Wholesale and Retail.

F VflApt OpC °f Codfish, Codoil, Codliver Oil, Seal Oil,
LApUl Id O Lobsters, Furs, and general produce.

All orders for same promptly filled at very lowest rates.

Parlor, Dining and
Office Furniture.

Church Seats.

Venetian Blinds
Made to Order.

T. MARTIN,^

Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer,

38 New Cower Street.

Repairing Furniture Horses and Vans for

a Specialty. Removing Pianos, &c.

Mansour Joseph Sharlette,

398 Water Street West.

.... Dealer in . . . .

Jewelry and Dry Goods. Sei""g off cheflp-

All orders promptly attended to.

M. W. FURLOKG, K.C.

/. M. KENT, K.C.

FURLONG & KENT,

=* »~ ^

BARRISTERS and SOLICITORS.

DUCKWORTH STREET, ST. JOHN'S.

OFFICE AND STORE — Adelaide Street. STONEYARD — Just East Custom
House, Water Street. Telephone, 364.

W/jTELLIS,

Contractor, Builder, and Appraiser.

Dealer in Cement, Selenite, Plaster, Sand, Mortar, Brick, Drain Pipes,
Bends, Junctions and Traps; Chimney Tops, all sizes, and Plate Glass.

Estimates Given for all kinds of Work at Shortest Notice.

Short Order Restaurant !

Corner Water and Adelaide Streets.

Try us once and you will call again. Full line of first class
Candies, Cigars, Fruit, F/c.

J. A. CORBET,

S. B. CHESTAR:

Readymade, $4.50 upward.

Made to order, $10.00 upward.

Jackman The Tailor.

When wriiing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly.'

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Avalon Steam Cooperage, Limited.

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL CLASSES OF

Tight and Slack Packages and Boxes, Pickle Barrels, Salmon Tierces,

Berry Barrels, Oak Oil Casks, Drums, Fish Casks*
Special attention paid to Scotch Pack Herring Barrels.

This is a mdst up-to-date Works, and those in the market for Cooperage or Boxes would
do well to ask our quotations and samples before arranging for their supply.

ORDERS PROMPTLY DELIVERED.

Office and Works, Brewery Lane, ,* * St. John's, Newfoundland.

NOTICE TO MARINERS.

NEWFOUNDLAND.

NO. 8 OF 1905

ST. JOHN'S NARROW'S, CAHIIL'S ROCK, and PANCAKE SHOAL

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that a Spar Buoy painted White, has been
moored in 3 fathoms, to show the position of Cahill's Rock; and a Spar Buoy painted
black and white horizontal bands, surmounted by a white painted cone, in 3 fathoms, to indicate
the position of Pancake Shoal, both on the South West side of the Narrows, or Entrance to
the Harbour of St. John's.

Buoys will be removed when ice is on the coast without further notice.

ELI DA WE, Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Department of Marine and Fisheries, St. Johns, Newfoundland,
September I2th, 1905.

GUARDIAN

> , • . . • Mi^l^PSHi ^

Of London, England

ESTABLISHED 1831.

The Guardian has the largest paid-up capital of any
Company in the world transacting a Fire business.

Subscribed Capital
Paid-up Capital ...
Invested Funds exceed -

$lo,ooo,ooo
5,ooo,ooo

23,5oo,ooo

T. & M. WINTER,

Agents for Newfoundland.

At Our Book Store

We keep all School Requisits
and Office Utensils* <£ <£

A large stock of Books by leading authors.
Wallets, Pocket Books, Purses, Picture Placques,

Photo Frames, Baskets, Accordions, Concertinas,

and Mouth Organs.
Also, a full line of Fancy Goods and Toys of all

description ; Playing Cards, Games, etc.

SHEA'S

BOOK & STATIONERY STORE,

Telephone 429. 3OA WATER STREET.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."-

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

I5O,OOO Lbs. of

Cotton and Wool Tents,

....COMPRISING....

Misprints, Patches, White Shirtings,
Grey Calicoes, Lawns, Flanneletts,

Cotton and Wool Tweeds, Velveteens,
Art Sateens, Percales, &c., &c.

ALSO, A SPECIAL LINE OK—

Men's Fleece-lined UNDERWEAR, Overalls,
Top Shirts, Sweaters, &c., &c.

ft^WHOLESAUE ONLY.

Call and see us or write for Price List.

W. A. SLATTERY,

Wareroom: Seaman's Home Building, Duckworth Street.

The Bank of Montreal

Isn't any more reliable than Our make of
BOOTS. They stand hard rough wear,
and can be relied on in the severest rain and
snow storms.

Boots for Men, Women and Children — our own
make.

Also, everything in Rubber and Felt Footwear.
Men's, Women's and Children's long Rubbers,
Gaiters and Rubber Shoes.

GIVE US A CALL.

PARKER & MONROE,

The Shoe Men.

Wholesale and Retail. 195 & 363 Water St.

Thomas Smyth, Co., Ltd.

Wholesale Dealers in

Provisions, Groceries, Fruit, Etc.

Head McBride's Hill, Duckworth Street, St. John's, Nfld.

Dr. A. B. LEHR,

** DENTIST,^

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

Office and Residence: — opposite T. McMurdo & Co.
Teeth Extracted by Hale Method or Gas.

C. NURSE.

C. AUSTIN.

NURSE & CO.,

The New Store

for Boy's and Men's Clothing
and Outfitting. ,* *

Ship and Sanitary

Plumbers,
Gasfitters, &c.

Estimates cheerfully given on all work in the above line.

All orders personally attended
to and satisfaction guaranteed.

129 Cower Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

T. J. BARRON,

358 Water Street,
One door West of Post Office.

JAMES VEY,

Gazette Building,

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

Established 1860.

A. B.C. and Scott's Codes used.

WILLIAM COOK

Butcher and Victualler.

Vegetables, Meats, and Ship Stores

CONSTANTLY ON HAND.

278 Water Street, St. John's, N. F.

Ships' Letters addressed to my care

delivered immediately on arrival. &

Satisfaction Guaranteed.

jlgents for mcKau & Dix, new J>ork.

INew Gandy Store

A. A. DELGADO,

Candy Manufacturer, & Jt & 176 Water Street.

Choice Candies of all Descriptions*

(WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.)

Also, Ice Creams and Ice Cream Soda — different flavours.
Fruit and Cut Flowers in Season. «jt Remember the address.

A. A. DELGADO, 176 Water Street.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Cbc CatDolics in 1798.

By Rev. M. J.

kJN 1798," says that vigorous and able champion
of the Union, Dr. T. Dunbar Ingram, " while the
Eastern Counties were disturbed, the whole West,
where in the mountainous parts of Cork and Kerry
the remnants of the Celts still lingered and preserved their
language, was free from any taint of rebellion. In truth, the
long hostility which England and Great Britain have experienced
in Ireland, has come not from the kindly and social Celts, whose
missionary labours in the past have made their name famous,
but from the men of the mixed race, in whose veins there ran
English or Scotch blood." In whom, I suppose, " the passionate
unreason" has been intensified and stiffened by an infusion of
" doggedness and narrowness." In truth, the insular hostility
to union and to the. country with which Providence has decreed
that they must be united, the separatist spirit as distinguished
from the nationalist, has shown itself most strongly in the de-
scendants of English and Scotch settlements, whose blood has
often curdled (like that of Americans) into a hatred the more
malignant because unnatural. " Hiberniores Hibernis ipsis"
might in many cases be translated " more anti-English than the
Irish." So far as liking goes, the Celtic Irish like the English
far more than the Scotch do, and are far more ready to speak
generously of them. Yet in the face of these facts, a great
English Liberal can talk such nonsense as that the Celt looked
in 1798, as he did in 1689, to Brest for the sails that never
came. In 1798, the sails did come (bearing Wolfe Tone) pretty
close to the coast of Kerry ; and when the Erench sent a boat
on shore, the Celts gathered and drove it off. The leaders in
disloyalty, from Wolfe Tone to Parnell, have been non-Catholics,
usually of pure English, or Scotch, or Welsh blood, "I wish,"
writes Edmund Burke to Rev. Dr. Hussey, afterwards bishop,
" that the leading people among the Catholics would give the
most systematic attention to prevent frequent communication
with their adversaries. There are a part of these, proud, insult-
ing, capricious and tyrannical ; these, of course, will keep at a
distance. But there are others of a seditious temper, who would
make the Catholics at first the instruments, and in the end the
victims, of their factious temper and designs." So, in fact, it
happened ; and so we now have Mr. Sloan, who not long ago
was a champion of Orangeism, setting Ulster on fire against the
design of the British Government to endow a Catholic Univer-
sity, now appealing to the Catholics to forget all they have
suffered and join with their persecutors against those who
emancipated them. And the Clan-na-Gael at once responds to
the cry.

Rev. Dr. Hussey to Burke (Nov. jo, 1796 ) : — " I am terri-
fied at what I foresee regarding my unfortunate native country.
To break the connection with Great Britain is the plan of the
United Irishmen. The wretches never consider that their
grievances are not from England but from a junto of their own
countrymen ; and that Camden and Pelham (Lord Lieut, and
Chief Secretary), whom notwithstanding my differences with
them, I consider the most honest men in office here, are as com-
pletely junto-ridden as my former patron the King of Spain is
convention-ridden."

Burke to Dr. Hussey, December, 1796 : — " You feel the thing
very rightly. All the evils of Ireland originate within itself.
That unwise body, the United Irishmen, have had the folly to

Ryan, Ph. D.

represent those evils as owing to this country. . . . The
English Government do not in any way interfere, that I know
of : and no oppressive disposition exists. . . . Ireland has
derived some advantage from its independence (1782) on the
Parliament of this Kingdom ; or rather it did derive advantage
from the arrangements that were made at the time of the estab-
lishment of that independence ; but human blessings are mixed ;
and 1 cannot but think that even these great blessings were
bought dearly enough when, along with the weight of the authority,
they have totally lost all benefit from the Superintendence of the
British Parliament. Our pride of England is now succeeded
by fear" (of a declaration of independence by the Irish governing
class). " If the people of Ireland were to be flayed alive by the
predominant faction, it would be the most critical of all attempts
so much as to discuss the subject in any public assembly on this
side of the water."

Burke, (Sept., 7792 ), to Richard Burke (then agent of the
Catholics) : — " I now press again that those to whose cause we
wish well .in Ireland would leave off that topic, of which some of
them are so fond, — that of attributing the continuance of their
grievances to English interests or dispositions, to which they
suppose the welfare of Ireland is sacrificed. I know not whe-
ther they believe me or not; or whether they may not think that
I too speak from that sort of policy. But, believe what they will,
there is not one story that the Protestant ascendancy tells of
them (the Catholics) that is more groundless than that notion.
What interest has any individual here, or what interest has the
whole Kingdom collectively, that the Catholics of Ireland should
have no share in the election of Members of Parliament ? Since
1782, and even before, the jobs of the Irish Government are
almost wholly in their hands, . . . and if they (the Catholics)
think that the Court Party, or the Ministerial Party, or any party
whatsoever, on this side of the water, wish to keep down the
Catholics in order to keep the whole mass of Ireland feeble,
they do an injury to the quietness of their character; and at the
same time, infinitely too great an honour to the profundity of
their politics . . . Our friends are greatly, radically, and
to themselves most dangerously, mistaken, if they do not know
that the whole of what they suffer is from cabals purely
Irish. ... I wish that [they would avoid] everything
which might discover a disposition to throw the blame of
what they suffer on this country, in whose moderation and im-
partiality alone their hopes of redress exist. . . . Anything
like tiie menace of a force which does not exist, and which, too,
is known not to exist, gives offence where it can inspire no fear,
in those who know the true state of things ; and to those who
do not know it, raises an alarm, the effect of which is, the desire
of opposing to it a contrary force, to support a grievance which
is felt only by others, rather than to run the risk of any change
which might derange an order in the preservation of which they
have (or think they have) a greater interest than they can derive
from a reform attended with equal uneasiness and confusion.
. . . The Ministers have not given any person authority to
declare that they would use the forces of this country to coerce
the Catholics."

II.

To Rev. Dr. Hussey (May 18, 1795) : — " If some proper
mode of education is not adopted, I tremble for the spread of

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

atheism among the Catholics. I do not like the style of the
meeting in Francis Street. The tone was wholly Jacobinical.
. . . Under every provocation, the Catholics ought not to be
irritated out of their principles and out of their senses. The
language of the day went plainly to a separation of the two
kingdoms. God forbid that anything like it should ever happen !
They would both be ruined by it; but Ireland would suffer most
and first. The thing, however, is impossible. . . . It is a
foolish language, adopted from the United Irishmen, that their
grievances originate from England. T/ie direct contrary. It is
an ascendancy which some of their own factions have obtained
here, that has hurt the Catholics with this Government. It is
not as an English Government that Ministers act in that manner,
but as assisting a party in Ireland." (So the Unionists of Ire-
land now call for a reduction of Irish Members.) "When the
Catholics talk of dissolving themselves as a Catholic body and
' mixing their grievances with those of their country,' all I have
to say is that they lose their own importance as a body by this
amalgamation, and they sink real matter of complaint in those
which are factious and imaginary. For, in the name of God,
what grievance has Ireland, as Ireland, to complain of. with
regard to Great Britain ; unless the protection of the most pow-
erful country on earth* ... be a matter of complaint ? The
subject, as a subject, is as free in Ireland as he is in England.
As a member of the Empire, an Irishman has every privilegr of
a natural-born Englishman in every part of it, in every occupa-
tion, and in eve'ry branch of commerce. No monopoly is estab-
lished against him anywhere; and the great staple manufacture
of Ireland is not only not prohibited, not only not discouraged,
but it is privileged in a manner that has no example. The
provision trade is the same; 'nor does Ireland, on her part, take
a single article from England, but what she has with more ad-
vantage than she could have it from any nation upon earth. I
say nothing of the immense advantage she derives from the use
of English capital. In what country upon earth is it, that a
quantity of linens, the moment they are lodged in the ware-
house, and before the sale, would entitle the Irish merchant or
manufacturer to draw bills on the terms, and at the time, in
which this is done by the warehouse men on London ? Ireland,
therefore, as Inland, suffers no grievance. The Catholics, as
Catholics, do ; and what can be got by joining their real complaint
to a complaint which is fictitious, but to make the .whole pass for
fiction and groundless pretence ? . . . The tenor of the
speeches in Francis Street, attacking the idea of an incorporat-
ing union, expressed principles that went the full length of a
separation, and of a dissolution of that union which arises from
their being under the same crown. That Ireland would, in that
case, come to make a figure amongst the nations, is an idea
which has more of the ambition of individuals in it, than of a
sober regard to the happiness of a whole people. But if a people
were to sacrifice solid quiet to empty glory, as on some occa-
sions they have done ; under the circumstances of Ireland she,
most assuredly, never would obtain that independent glory, but
would certainly lose all her tranquillity, all her prosperity, and
even that degree of lustre which she has by the very honourable
connection .she enjoys with a nation the most splendid and the
most powerful on earth. ... It is a struggle against nature.
Ireland must be protected, and there is no protection to be
found for her but either frotn France or England. France, even
if she were disposed to give the same protection* to Ireland, has

* Burke here expatiates on the fact that Ireland up to this time was
protected against invasion or attack at the expense of England alone —
"a liberal and honourable protection" he calls it.

not the means, either of serving her or hurting her, that are irt
the hands of Great Britain." [For P'rance, now substitute the
United States, since the American Clan-na-Gael now say : " Why
should not we do in Ireland what we (Americans) have done in
Panama and Cuba?"] "She might make Ireland (supposing
that independence could be maintained, which 1 am certain it
could not, for one year) a dreadful thorn in the side of this
kingdom ; but Ireland would dearly buy that malignant and
infernal satisfaction."

III.

The German Kaiser, by making friends with the Catholic
Church, has obtained a bulwark for his throne against the Social'
Democrats, has strengthened the union of South Germany with
North, has made Alsace glad to be German rather than French
territory, has gratified the Catholics of Austria, has secured the
support of the Catholic Party in Italy for the Triple Alliance,
has won the confidence of Catholic Belgium and detached it
from France (and the British Radicals and Non -Conformists
may enable him to detach it from ourselves), has bridged the
gulf which separated the Irish-Americans from the German-
Americans, and has set some of the Catholics of Hungary talk-
ing of getting one of his sons for King of Hungary if there
should be a secession of Hungary from Austria. The Repub-
lican Party in the United States, which once leaned on the
Puritans, now sees in the Catholic Church a breakwater against
Socialism, and an aid against anarchy in the Philippine Islands.
If King Edward had as free a hand as the German Kaiser, he
would do from goodness and kindness of heart and fairness of
mind what the other does from calculating policy, — would abolish
the oath which obliges our King to insult his Catholic subjects,
(and all the Catholics of the World and the whole Eastern
Church) — would endow a Catholic University in Ireland, and
would abolish those remnants of the penal laws which interfere
with charitable bequests and which enable busy-bodies to annoy
the religious orders. But the unchristian, unpatriotic, irrational,
and immoral bigotry of the Puritan element in Great Britain and
Ireland prevents the King from being what he craves to be, —
the King and the Father of all his people. In 1888, Mr.
Gladstone said to the leader of the Nationalist Party : — "The
Prince of Wales (as he was then) is no enemy to Ireland nor
to any policy that has the sanction of the masses of the Irish
people." All the evidence we have shows that his heart is still
in the same place.

It should be clear from Burke that, instead of being a link be-
tween the Irish and English people, or a channel for the removal
of misunderstandings, the Irish Protestants are a source of dis-
union, some of them misrepresenting England to their Catholic
countrymen, and others misleading England by misrepresentations
against the Catholic Irish. I must add, from my own observa-
tion, that they misrepresent to the American people both Eng-
land and the Catholic Irish, in order to make out that they are
themselves a set of injured innocents, cruelly ill-treated by both
England and the Catholics of Ireland. (The most anti-British
of the great newspapers in New York, the only one that has the
support of the Clan-na-Gael, has for its manager and editor two
Belfast Protestants.) This misrepresentation of both English
and Irish is practised particularly by the Scotch-Irish ; who, by
the waj, assert in the United States that they are not Irish at all
but Scotch, and that the Irish in America have no claim to such
Revolutionists as Patrick Henry. (" They say they are not
Irish ; and God knows they're not Scotch").

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

What Canada ana United States are Doing

for agriculture.

-By J, T. Law ton

F you have read the Budget Speech of the Hon. Minister
of Finance for the past year, you will notice that he can
tell you how many slates were quarried in Trinity Bay and
how many feet of board were sawn during the year ; but
he cannot tell you whether the agriculture of the year has been
a failure or not. He cannot say if there were a million barrels
of potatoes grown or a thousand barrels. The slate industry is
an industry of a few thousand dollars ; the agriculture of the
country is one of millions, and is equal in value to half the
fisheries. Why so little effort has been made lo develop our
agriculture is a problem beyond the power of the present writer
to solve. If the agricultural industry were insignificant ; or if
this country were a barren wilderness, this apathy would be
excusable ; but when it is known that the people of this country
owe a great part of their support to the products of the land ;
when we have practical proof that the soil is productive ; and
when we know that we pay to other countries tens of thousands
of dollars for agricultural produce that could be raised in this
country, it does seem strange that a more progressive supervi-
sion in agricultural matters is not considered necessary. Thou-
sands of dollars are spent annually in fisheries' supervision
because of the illusion that " the fisheries are the mainstay of
the country." There are hundreds of fishermen who if they
depended on their earnings from the fishery would have died
from starvation long ago.

While we allow our agriculture to take care of itself, in sharp
contrast to this is. the course pursued by the United States and
Canada. The following is a brief synopsis of the agricultural
organisation of the United States :

The United States department of agriculture is composed of
nine principal bureaus.

The Bureau of Animal Industry makes investigations as to
the existence of dangerous diseases, the nature and prevention
of such diseases, and studies and reports on the means of im-
proving the animal industry of the country.

The Bureau of Soils is intrusted with the survey and mapping
of the arable soils. It determines the kinds of soils in each
locality and gives information as to the best crops to grow in
certain localities. During the year 1903, the officials of this
Department surveyed and mapped 14,907,520 acres. In some
districts, as many as twenty-two different types of soils were
found. It is well known that different soils are suited to differ-
ent crops, and in a large country like the United States, the
gain by sowing crops suited to the soil may be reckoned in
millions of dollars.

The Bureau of Entomology obtains and disseminates informa-
tion regarding injurious insects affecting field crops, animals and
forests ; conducts experiments and tests with insecticides and
insecticide machinery. The importance and necessity of this
Department may be inferred from the fact that in 1903, the loss
to the cotton crop in Texas alone from the Mexican Cotton Boll-
Weevil was estimated at $15.000,000, and Congress appropriated
$250,000 for immediate steps towards abating the further spread
of this insect pest. A further proof of the necessity of this
Department is the fact that the annual loss from forest insect
depredations amount to not less than $100,000,000.

The Bureau of Plant Industry conducts experiments with
field crops to discover the earliest and most prolific varieties and
studies of plant life in all its branches. It originates new varie-
ties capable of withstanding the wide ranges of climate in the
United States.

The Bureau of Chemistry has charge of analysis of soils,
fertilizers and farm products. It determines the feeding yalue
of farm crops, and investigates the purity of foods admitted to
or manufactured in the United States.

The Bureau of Forestry investigates methods of planting

, Harbor Grace.

trees ; gives practical assistance to tree planters and assists in
protecting the national forests.

The Weather Bureau forecasts storms, and reports on the
probable temperature and rain conditions, and assists the farmer
in guarding against unexpected losses by bad weather.

The Bureau of Public Roads has charge of the proper build-
ing of roads.

Besides these Bureaus, which are under the direct control of
the Government, there are sixty-six agricultural colleges which
send out annually thousands of men trained in agricultural
work, who spread a knowledge of scientific fanning in the
districts where they settle.

Farmers' Institutes play an important part in diffusing agri-
cultural knowledge. At their meetings, papers on agricultural
subjects are read and discussed, and new ideas are exchanged
amongst the members. Farmers' Institutes exist in every State
and are aided by a Government grant. Add to these factors,
the Experiment Stations, Dairy and Live Stock Associations,
Forestry and Horticultural Societies, — all of which are assisted
in some way by the Government, and it can easily be seen how
great are the forces at work in the United States for the develop-
ment of agriculture. The practical and logical result of this wise
organization has been a rapid and marvellous agricultural out-
put. The exports of farm products has risen from $147,000,000
in 1851 to $87 8, 000,000 last year.

These same remarkable results are evident also in Canada,
under its enlightened system of agricultural development.
Nineteen years ago, a committee appointed by the Canadian
Government found that "the depressed condition of farming was
" not due to any fault in the climate or soil of this country, nor
" to a lack of industry among the farmers; but to defective
" farming, and to the want of skill and knowledge in all
" departments."

The Dominion Government immediately adopted measures to
remedy this depressed condition. Experimental Farms were
established, and a system of organization was begun which
has made Canada one of the foremost agricultural countries.

The Experimental Farms have proved a great blessing to
Canadian farmers. One instance will suffice to show their
utility. It was found that the varieties of wheat and apples,
which ripen well in the Eastern Provinces, fail to ripen in the
Northwest, on account of the shortness of the season. What
was wanted was new varieties that would ripen earlier. The
Central Experimental Farm, after some years of experimenting,
has produced a variety of wheat called Preston, and a variety
of apples from the Siberian Crab — both of which are capable
of ripening in the short season of the Northwest Territories.
Numerous experiments are performed at the Experimental
Farms with ordinary crops to determine the best varieties, the
effects of fertilizers, the feeding value of farm crops, and the
solution of problems connected with agricultural science. The
information thus obtained is circulated amongst the farmers.
Advice on all points of farm management is given free by the
Farm staff.

Last year the Canadian Government distributed 30,000 pack-
ages of seeds to farmers who were willing to sow them and test
their value. By this plan the Canadian farmers become experi-
mentalists, and an impetus is thereby given to scientific and
practical research that must be of incalculable benefit. By this
arrangement every locality finds out for itself the best varieties
of seed for that particular locality.

Not satisfied with the results of her own experiments in agri-
culture, Canada sends experts to other countries to' find out how
these countries do things, and the information thus obtained is
brought back for the benefit of the Canadian farmers. Canadian
produce is shown at every Exposition. Canada has an exhibi-
tion manager whose sole business is to see that Canadian products

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

are shown to the best advantage at the world's exhibitions.
What are the results of this organisation ? Canada is becoming
one of the chief agricultural countries of the world. Thousands
of immigrants are -annually finding homes in the Canadian
Northwest. Towns are springing up like magic. There are
in Canada to-day, towns of four thousand and five thousand
inhabitants, with all modern convenience, that were not in exist-
ence ten years ago. All this progress is due to Canada's wise
recognition of agriculture as the basis of every nation's pros-
perity. Under this progressive policy the exports of farm pro-
ducts have increased from from #9,584,000 in 1871 to $44,600,-
ooo in 1903.

Twenty-five years ago a Joint Committee of both branches of
our Legislature also deplored the backward condition of our
agriculture, and declared that " Our agricultural industry is
" susceptible of a very enlarged development. Vast stretches
" of agricultural land need only the employment of well-directed
" labour to convert them into means of independent support for
" thousands of our population."

After twenty-five years of waiting, what has become of the
"Enlarged development?" Not only do we not export farm
produce ; but we are forced to import to supply our needs.

Does agriculture need Government supervision ? I claim that
the agriculture of a country needs as much supervision as the
fisheries. We are pleased to hear of an increase in the catch of
fish; but why not feel pleased at an annual increase in our hay
or potato crop ? An increase in one means money as well as
the other. From certain experiments at the Central Experi-
mental Farm, Ottawa, it has been calculated that the loss on
our annual agricultural output is fully Si, 200,000. We send
out of the country about $800,000 for agricultural produce.
The hay crop is short every year. The price of meat is increas-
ing owing to the scarcity of cattle. There's scarcely a child in
the street can tell carrot seed from turnip seed. In some locali-
ties this spring there was a shortage of potatoes for seed. And
yet there are some who seem to think that our agriculture needs
no further develoyment

Fishing in the « Crick/

By L. F. Brown, New York.

IN his father's rubber boots,
Where the winding streamlet shoots
O'er the gray and tumbled shingle, —

WTith a stick,
He fishes for brook trout.
He knows what he's about,
As he feels them jerk and nibble
In the " crick !"

His " ma" told him to churn :

But he's out along the bum

That goes singing through the forest

Toward the sea,
With its message for the ocean,
Born in green and white commotion ;
And he don't know just how happy
Boys can be.

He feels tha mountain breeze, —
Hears the bluebirds in the trees,
Sees the happy violets nodding.

And all that.

Hell be punished, — pays the cost,
Wants the big one that he lost.
An unconscious poet under
His old hat.

lie admires the curve and foa.nl
Of the water. He's at home.
And my ! but that's a whopper

Jumping there !
He'll come back to this pool
When he ought to be at school ;
But when trout are biting well
He doesn't care.

And if mercifully spared

Until he is gray-haired,

Then he'll know what happy times,-^

What perfect joy,
Was all around about
As he angled for brook trout,
In the mountain creek he worshipped
When a boy.

Che Forgotten Song,

, By Dan. Carroll.

GATHERING wild fragrant flowers, beside a stream
A fair-haired child a rambling went one day,

And when returning in the evening's beam,
Amidst the mazy woodland lost his way.

He cried aloud one name his only love,

His mother's echo mocked him and he wept,

'Till faint and weary in the deep'ning grove
He laid him down dejectedly and slept.

The sylvan Nymphs around him gathered then,
The sweetest Zephyrs whispered in bis ear,

And every beauteous spirit of the glen

With gladness in their voices, hovered near.

There guardian angels of the cities trod,

Who watch the toiling masses sweat and bleed,

And die ! with pale wan faces turned to God
The helpless victims of remorseless greed.

They hovered near and sang a song that eve,
That haunts the sleeper's soul adown the years,

Of deeds triumphant which the great achieve,
The blood of toilers and the rain of tears.

They sang his soul in magic breathing lines,
The song of Brotherhood, which is to be

The watchword and the shibboleth that binds
The races, in thy reign Humanity.

They laid their hands amid his sunny hair,
And in the light by sunset glories thrown ;

They touched his brow and sleeping lids with prayer,
And reverently claimed him as their own.

When lo ! a frowning demon fiercely swept
Upon the group, and struck with hand of hate

The forehead of the smiling child, then leaped
Into the gloom, and jeered like mocking fate.

The big trees shuddered, terror chilled the breeze,
That moaned despairingly as if it knew

The child ordained the whispered song to seize,
Would know full oft that jeering demon too.

The seekers found him where the flowers bloomed
The fairest ; soon were stilled his hearts alarms :

They placed him with his angel face illumed,
Within his anxious mother's waiting arms.

And while the twilight o'er the landscape fell,
And while his heart beat wild twixt joy and fear,

He tried with child-like awe his dream to tell
In lisping accents in his mother's ear.

And still he tries, and still with lisping word,

Tho' care has dimmed his eyes and locks are gray

To teach the world the wondrous song he heard
Within the woodland solitude that day.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

International Order of Good Cemplars.

( Continued from page 4.)

Prohibition as one plank in its platform. Good Templars are left free to
choose what they believe to be the best way to promote the principles of
total abstinence. Good Templary stands also for wholesome religious in-
fluence. It is not sectaiian. Only atheists are excluded from its member-
ship. No distinctive doctrines are inculcated, but the Bible is commended,
and the truth of the presence of God is kept before the Lodge as an enno-
bling thought. It stands not only for the Fatherhood of God, but also for
the true Brotherhood of man. This is beautifully expressed in the accom-
panying Grand Lodge Seal of Newfoundland.

Considering its broad and solid foundation and its humanitarian plan, no
one should wonder at the grand and beautiful structure that has arisen in
a few years. The first brick was laid in New York State, U.S.A.. in 1851.
The work. went on rapidly. Joseph Malins, of Birmingham was in America
for a time ; and, while there, he was led to join a Lodge. On his return to
his native land he organized the first Good Templar Lodge in England,
September 8th, 1868; and he called it Columbia No. i. The Order
spread over the British Isles ; and by military, naval, and civil deputies
it was carried to almost every habitable part of the earth. Russia excludes
the Order, as she does so much that is good in Modern Life.

THe Northern Whig, of Belfast, in its issue of August 3rd, 1905, gives

the following paragraph relating to Newfoundland : " An interesting fea-
ture occurred during the morning, when the Right Worthy Grand Templar
called forward Brother A. J. Preece, who has just recently established the
new Grand Lodge of Newfoundland, . . . and, after complimenting Bro.
Preece on the success of his work, handed to him for transmission to the
new Grand Lodge the charter granted by the International Supreme Lodge."

In the Report of the R.W.G.T. submitted to the August Triennial Lodge
we find the following : " A few months ago our R.W.G. Secretary de-
spatched Bro. Rev. A. J. Preece (now G.Ch. of New Jersey) to mission the
Island of Newfoundland, and build a Grand Lodge. No fitter Missioner
could be chosen. He is an able speaker and preacher, of high character
and long experience. He enlisted some of the highest and best elements
of the Province and formed a group of good Lodges ; and, with the co-op-
eration of several past G.L. Executive Officers, instituted the Grand Lodge
of Newfoundland on June I4th, 1905.

The Grand Lodge started with 15 Lodges, with 689 members and
4 Temples with 128, and 2 District Lodges are also working. Bro. Preece
has since added other Ix>dges, and now there are over 1,000 adult and
junior members — several clergymen being Lodge Deputies. The G.C.T.
is Bro. Rev. A. W. Lewis; the G.Sec., Bro. F. H. Scott, and the G.Supt.
Juvenile Temples, Bro. Rev. J. J. Thackeray. The Island has possessed
Local Veto powers, and has well used them." " Come thou with us, and
we will do thee good."

St. Andrew's Manse, Harbor Grace, August 25th, 1905.

6oioer street D)etbodi$t Cburcb.

" No silver saints, by dying misers giv'n,
Here brib'd the rage of ill-requited heav'n :
But such plain roofs as Piety could raise,
And only vocal with the Maker's praise." — Pope.

Mk AY this be claimed for Gower Street Church to-day ?
Possibly respecting that there may be room for
•M^B^fl diversity of opinion, although the writer is disposed
to answer in the affirmative. And yet the sacred
edifice known by that name is no mean structure. While not
unduly pretentious or elaborate, and making not the smallest

By Rev. L. Curtis, Af.A., D.D.

has the proud distinction of being the Mother Church of
Methodism in St. John's. Whatever changes may come as
years pass by, this glory abideth, and not abideth merely, but
increaseth as years add to the number and importance of her
offspring in the city.

In the matter of seniority, however, St. John's must yield the
palm to some of the outports, especially to places around Con-
ception Bay. The Gospel of the New Testament as interpreted
by Methodism was first preached in those places as early as

mm
,5 a

Minn*

GOWER STREET METHODIST CHURCH.

claim to magnificence, either in dimensions or style, it is at least
respectable in appearance, and in its adaptibility to meet the
needs of a worshipping congregation, it leaves scarcely anything
to be desired. But the peculiar distinction of the Gower Street
Church is not in its style of architecture or brick and mortar,
or even in its splendid situation, but rather in its historic asso-
ciations and relationships. It has been said that a man may
have many wives but only one mother ; and Gower St. Church

REV. L. CURTIS, M.A., D.D.

1765; and, in a few years, churches were erected in Harbor
Grace, Carbonear, Blackhead, Lower Island Cove, and Old
Perlican. Such individuals or families in St. John's, in the
latter part of the eighteenth and early morn of the nineteenth
century, as preferred Methodist doctrines and polity, found in
the services of the Congregational Church then established
there such spiritual help and comfort as their souls required.
Indeed, the ministrations of Rev. John Jones, a man of excel-

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

lent character and superior Christian spirit, who was a resident
of St. John's from 1775 until his death in 1800, and who forsook
military life for the pulpit, were greatly appreciated by visitors
to the city as well as by members of his congregation. As
Methodists continued to increase, however, the desire to have a
church and clergyman of their own denomination became in-
creasingly strong ; and at a meeting held in the fall of 1814.
it was resolved to arise and build in the following spring. This
resolution was put into effect in 1815, and work pushed vigor-
ously forward, securing its completion in a few months. That,
however, proved one year too soon ; as on February i2th, 1816,
a fire, which left 1000 persons homeless, laid low the church so
recently erected and set apart for holy service. Even while the
joy of having a suitable church home was new to the small con-
gregation, they were suddenly robbed of their clearly bought
privilege, and obliged to seek shelter in the Charity School-
room, the use of which was secured for them through the good
offices of the Rector of the Church of England.

Not for long, however, were they content to remain without a
church; for, despite the unfavourable financial condition of the
town — a condition brought about by the fire and other misfor-
tunes and resulting in widespread destitution — on Sept. 171!! of
the same year, 1816, was laid the foundation .stone of the new
church; and on Christmas Day the building was occupied by a
worshipping congregation.

The Governor of the Colony, Vice Admiral Pickmore. and a
large company of people of different denominations, manifested
their sympathy with the movement by tluir presence at the lay-
ing of the corner stone. Thus after the purging by fire, as if to
test the quality and devotion of the aspiring congregation, and
after the toil and expense of building two churches in as many
years, Gower Street Church was fairly started upon its career of
service for God and humanity.

The church at that time erected seems to have met the require-
ments of city Methodism until the middle of the nineteenth cen-
tury, when it became too small and otherwise unsuited to the
altered conditions; and a movement was set on foot for a new
and improved building. In 1856 the new church was ready for
use; and from that time until the great fire of July. 1892, when
it was laid in ruins, it was the centre of the manifold activities

inseparable from the church life of modern Methodism. During
those thirty-six years, two large streams broke away from the
main current — the stream in the West of the City upon the
erection of George Street Church, and that in the East, upon
the erection of Cochrane Street — but nevertheless* the mother
church abounded with life and activity, and was so liberally
patronised that for some time prior to that fire, the question of
additional accommodation was engaging the attention of the
official Boards. After that fateful day, however, only one deci-
sion was possible — the erection of a new church.

A temporary building, known as the " Tabernacle," was set
up to meet the immediate requirements of the congregation ;
and thus, with greater deliberation, the more arduous task of
erecting a suitable and up-to-date church was faced. The
foundation stone was formally laid by Rev. A. Carman, D.D.,
General Superintendent of the Methodist Church, and on
October 4th, 1896, the present spacious edifice was dedicated
to the worship of Almighty God ; Rev. John Potts, D.D., one
of Canada's most brilliant orators, having come from Toronto
to participate in the functions of the important occasion. As
the new church was so much more commodious than the old
one, fears were entertained by many that a considerable time,
possibly several years, may pass before all available pews would
be taken. All such fears were entirely groundless, however, as in
a very few weeks, families were seeking in vain for accommo-
dation. Rev. A. D. Morton, M.A., D.D., was Superintendent
of the Circuit during the years of its erection, and the writer
entered upon the duties of that office just as it was ready for
use. Rev. H. P. Cowperthwaite, M.A., D.D., followed in order;
and he was succeeded by the present highly esteemed Superin-
tendent, Rev. J. L. Dawson, B.A., who, three years previously,
had been invited from Nova Scotia to the Superintendency of
the St. John's West Circuit.

The Mother Church of Methodism in St. John's continues to
prosper. The young people's Societies, such as Sunday School
and Epworth League, are in a flourishing condition, and the
regular Church Services are attended by a loyal and enthusiastic
congregation. Contributions for Missions alone last year reached
the fine sum of $1,480.

Che Dap or CIK Races at home.

By a Newfoundlander hi Boston.

at home,
have now

N esteemed correspondent sends us the following racy
references to persons and happenings of years ago :

" There were several of us gathered together at the
Seaside on August 2 last, — •' The Day of the Races"
It is over fifteen years since I left the Island, and I
in a measure, lost touch with current events. I some
times see your local papers, but they do not interest me very
much, as they often deal with matters beyond the comprehension
of one who is not a close student of local events.

" But I get the QUARTERLY regularly, and am very pleased
with it. Most of the contributors are old favourites, and some
of the writers have a reputation more than insular, and still
some of the newer ones display more than ordinary literary
merit, and their essays and poems interest me very much. My
views were shared by nearly the whole party, and I thought

when sending my subscription I would let you know that your
efforts are appreciated, in this quarter at any rate.

" Of course in a short time we became reminiscent, and the
subject that seemed to interest and amuse us more than any-
thing else was a discussion on the " Races." O.ie of the num-
ber, who, bye the by is, perhaps, one of the most successful
Newfoundlanders in Massachusetts, held forth on the old times.
He talked of the days of the Native, the Hawk, the Buttercup,
Fire-Fly, Heather Bell, Lurline, Lady of the Lake, and so on, and
had something interesting to say of each. He recalled some of
the old coachers, such as old Mr. Winter, father of Sir James
Winter, who was no mean oarsman in his day ; Mr. Ryal),
lovingly known to the older generations as " Tommy" and re-
garded as a fine sterling old sportsman ; Sam Ryan, another
famous coxswain, and among the younger fellows, Charlie Clift

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Was a great favourite. The old Native, with her amateur crew
consisting of the Winter boys, and the Cliffs and others, and
coached by old Mr. Winter, who was a regular disciplinarian,
gave a good account of herself for many years. In recounting
the deeds of the brave days of old, it was pleasing to note that
many of those who participated in them, succeeded in their
various professions. Sir James Winter has attained a high place
in his profession; "Duke" Winter is rated among business men

Cove, etc., and there must be thousands of others around the
Island as good, if not superior to the crews from these parts.
And this lake on Regatta Day is really a pretty and uncommon
picture. I say this as not only my own experience, and that of
most Newfoundlanders I ever heard discussing it. but also of
many strangers, who happened along the " Day of the Races."

" It was also recalled that many " Champions" came along
from various parts, and wilh their jaws held the championship,

AT QUIDI VIDI LAKE
OR REGATTA DAY.

here who know him, as one of the leading business men in the
Island. Ted Clift (now the Rev. Theodore) is known to many
Newfoundlanders as a successful clergyman, and " J;mmy" Clift
now occupies a prominent position in Newfoundland. Then the
old Buttercup crowd, — "Johnny" Roach, Greenway, Rowe, and
lots of other who have passed away or are scattered to all parts
of the earth.

" I tell you the memory of the beautiful hike, g,iy with its

till some Coaker or Squires, or some unpretentious fisherman,
in fear and trembling in a " punt," faced the champion, who, in
thirty seconds alter the start, lost the " belt" beyond all redemp-
tion. We don't hear much of the single scull race on Quidi
Vidi these times. Newfoundland ought hold permanently the
single scull championship of the world. This branch of aquatics
should be cultivated among the younger oarsmen. There is
more fame and kudos in it than in any other branch.

A SIX-OARED RACE BOAT
ON QUIDI VIDI LAKE.

well dressed orderly crowds, the white canvas tents and parti-
coloured bunting, with the music and bustle and good natured
fun and excitement, makes a picture for the wanderer, that can
be recalled more vividly almost than any other feature of our
Island Home.

" Looking back on these days now, with larger experience, I
think that Newfoundlanders, are easily the very best oarsmen
in the world. I do not believe it possible to get any six men in
the world to beat six picked men like those who rowed on the
Lake, hailing from Outer Cove, Black Head, Quidi Vidi, Broad

* * * * *

" Another feature of the QUARTERLY that appeals to readers
in the United States is the portrait gallery— the men in the
" Public Eye." It is interesting to see portraits of well-known
old Newfoundlanders, and not less so to see those of the ccming
men. You should certainly develop that department of the
journal. Even the very advertisements are read and discussed
with interest, and I was glad to see some old firms are still
to the fore, and appear to be as vigorous as they were fifty
years ago."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Sir flmbrosc SDca, K.CI».6.

QN August 23rd, in the year of Grace 1905, was laid
to rest in Belvedere Cemetery, all that was mortal of
one of our Island's most gifted sons — Sir Ambrose
Shea, K.C.M.G. The deceased was born about the
year 1815, and was therefore in his ninetieth year when the
summors came. His great talent developed early, as he was
scarcely nineteen years old when he first took a prominent place
in local parliamentary affairs. His energy and ability placed
him easily first amongst the ablest of our local men, and the
right to that position was unquestionably conceded him by all
his contemporaries, till the Imperial Authorities recognized his
worth, and offered him the Governorship of the Bahamas.

Judge Prowse writing of him says: — "Nature endowed Sir
Ambrose with every gilt and grace; lie had not only a fine and
very distinguished appearance, courtly manner, fit to grace any

SIR AMBROSE SHEA, K.C M.G.

position, but his intellect and logical powers were of the highest
order. As a debater he was unrivalled. He always appealed
to the reasoning and common sense of his hearers. A master
of argument and clear, nervous, forcible English, he was a
speaker who would command a high position in any assembly
in the world. As a writer, he was just as powerful as a speaker.
Probably his most unique gift was his personal influence over
both individuals and bodies of men. He was equally at home
talking with the humblest or the highest. Every one felt the
magnetic power of his personality. As an enlightened, far-seeing
man, he was generally in advance of his compeers. It is to him
we owe our splendid water supply. He had advanced ideas
about the fishery, and started the first steam bait-skiff. As every
one knows, he was the leader in the great Confederation move-
ment for union with Canada."

Sir Ambrose had the misfortune to have been born with
abilities and perceptions ahead of his age, and in several crises
in his life and in our history he was cramped and thwarted by
petty local jealousies. A naturally strong, energetic personality,
his very force, created a resistance of prejudice and misconcep-

tion, that robbed his services to his native land, of a great deal
of benefit that would otherwise have accrued from the labour of
her gifted son. We will never know the loss which was ours,
when the Imperial Government entrusted him with the Gover-
norship of the Island, and pitifully mean local intrigue, deprived
us of his ripe statesmanlike experience. Probably most of the
evil of which we now complain would have been obviated by
his ability and patriotism. The services that would have been
freely given his birth place, were utilized in developing the
industries of the Bahamas, of which place he was appointed
Governor.

However, after a brilliant career in the Imperial Service, the
wish of his heart was gratified, and his remains now rest among
his old-time friends and companions in Belvedere Cemetery.

The country did itself credit by tendering her gifted son a
public funeral. The funeral was large and representative, and
His Grace Archbishop Howley delivered the panegyric in the
Cathedral. The floral tributes were many and beautiful, and
were sent by the following : —

Their Excellencies Sir William and Lady MacGregor.

Sir W. H. Horwood, Chief Justice and Deputy Governor.

Right Hon. Sir Robert Bond, Premier.

Hon. Sir E. P. and Lady Morris (Minister of Justice).

Sir J. S. and Lady Winter (Ex-Premier).

The Executive Council.

The Legislative Council.

The House of Assembly.

The St. John's Municipal Council.

The Constabulary and Fire Departments.

The Benevolent Irish Society.

The St. Andrew's Society.

The Newfoundland Biitish Society.

The Mechanics' Society.

The Total Abstinence Society.

The Star of the Sea Association.

The Ix>yal Orange Association.

The Onward Lodge, I.O.G.T.

The Grand Lodge Sons of Temperance.

Mr. C. S. Pinsent, Misses Browning, Mr. J. Ryan.

ORDER OF PROCESSION.

Constabulary (under Supt. Sullivan).

Reserve Firemen.
Methodist Guards Brigade.

Band.
Catholic Cadet Corps.

Band.
Church Lads' Brigade.

Band.
Detachments from H. M. Ships.

HEARSE AND CASKET.

Carriage containing Sir E. D. Shea, Rev. J. Bennett, Dr. H. Shea.

Hon. George Shea, Dr. H. Shea, jr.

His Lordship the Deputy Governor, and A.D.C. McCowen.

Rt. Hon. Gentlemen of Privy Council.

Sir R. Thorburn, Sir J. S. Winter.

Naval Officers.

Hon. Gentlemen of Legislative Council.
Ex-Members of Legislative Council.

Members of House of Assembly.

Ex-Members of the House of Assembly.

Heads of Government Departments.

The Municipal Council.

Clergymen.
Capt. Hamilton, officers and crew of R.M.S. Carthaginian.

Citizens, on foot.
Citizens, in carriages.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Cbc Citp Councillors

Visit tbe scene or operations at the new Water Works, Winsor 3ake.

Photo by James Vey.

On Top — John Ryan, City Engineer.

Second Row— Councillor J. R. Bennett, M.H.A.; Councillor W. J. Ellis, M.H.A. ; T. Carew, Herald Reporter.

Third Row — Councillor M. J. Kennedy, Councillor Hon. John Harris, Hon. George Shea, Mayor ; Councillor Hon. John Anderson.
Fourth Row— John L. Slattery, Secretary-Cashier City Council; John Gait, C.E., Toronto ; — . Pippy, Telegram Reporter.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY

OK fluxiliarp Water

By Jo/in L

NkOT since St. John's received the power of
managing its own civic affairs, has there
been undertaken an enterprise of so much
importance to the citizens, as the Auxiliary Water
Service inaugurated by the gentlemen who now
control the destinies of the City.

For a long period, the want of an enlarged water
supply has been felt, because of the expansion that
has taken place in the community during the past
decade ; an expansion that was steady and substan-
tial. The development and growth of building pro-
perties, in that section of the City, towards the sum-
mit North of Military and LeMarchant Roads has
been considerable ; and to such an extent that pro-
vision for an efficient supply of water, for domestic
and fire purposes, was deemed necessary to meet
the requirements of the increasing number of dwel-
lers in that sectjon.

As is well Ifcnown, artificial means have been
availed of to give this part of the town some relief,
but always at the expense of other sections, the sup-
ply for which was at times considerably curtailed.
The present system, which served the city so well
in the past, and .has met the ever increasing demands
on its powers had to be changed.

With the end therefore of making ample provision
for domestic and fire purposes, particularly for the
New St. John's^ the present board of Councillors,
viz.: — Mayor Shea, and Councilmen J. R. Bennett,
W. J. Ellis, Hon. John Harris, Hon. John Ander-
son, and M. J. Kennedy, with the late Councillor
C. F. Muir, entered into an arrangement with John
Gait, C.F., of Toronto, for a report as to the best
means of accomplishing this, and on September 3rd,
1903, after a careful examination, Mr. Gait presented
his recommendations. The proposals for installing ;
the New System were approved, and after prelimin-
aries were arranged, the work under the superin-
tendence of City Engineer Ryan, was ordered to be
begun in 1904.

Briefly the scheme for the new water supply is as
follows : —

(a) The 3,000 feet of 24-inch main pipe from

Winsor Lake, to be replaced by a concrete
conduit 4x5 feet.

(b) At the end of this conduit is situated a new

screen house, completed.

conduit averaging 10 feet sections, 8,000

. Slaftery.

feet long, which takes the place of the twirl
1 6-inch and i2-inch mains that connected
with the single 1 6-inch main leading to the
city.

(d) At the end of this conduit, there is completed
a concrete compensating basin, oblong shape,
capable of holding in reserve 750,000 gallons
of water.

(c) Connected with the basin are to be 2 24-inch
mains, each 1,500 feet long, one to supply the
present 1 6-inch pipe leading to the city, the
other to supply the 1 6-inch main for the
upper level service.

(_/) All the pipes now in use, out to the basin, are
to be taken up, re-laid from the point stated
in the previous paragraph, making a new and
improved service to the city — a distance from
the compensating basin to the summit of
1 3,000 feet.

(g) The upper level service, which will come
along by Long Pond Bridge to Newtown
Road, to head of Parade Street and continue
to Freshwater lioad, will be at an elevation
of 130 feet above the old line.
The system, which is designed on a most mod-
ernized scale, according to the reports received, will
be a highly efficient one", that will produce the very
best results, with a capacity for fire and domestic
purposes 1$^. serve a city with a population much
greater tiw^the present one.

The -Work is in full swing at present; and, from
all that is known, the citizens of St. John's may look
forward early next year to the completion of an
undertaking that will be of lasting benefit to our
prosperous town.

"THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY"

— AN ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE

Issued every third month about the 1510 of March, June, September and

December from the office
34 Prescott Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

JOHN J. EVANS, -:- -:- -:- PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR,

To whom all Communications should be addressed.

Subscription Rates :

Single Copies, each 10 cents .

One Year, in advance, Newfoundland and Canada 40 "

Foreign Subscriptions (except Canada) 50 "

Advertising Rates

$30.00 per page ; one-third of a page, $10.00; one-sixth of a page, $5.00 ;
one-twelfth of a page, $2.50 — for each insertion.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Skp at Dlgm.

By a Member of The Littledale Literary Club.

,O work more fully manifests the sublimity of nature
than the sky, at any time, and particularly at night.
It is one of the nfost important works of the great
Creator, and is almost universally believed to be the
boundary line, as it were, between the beautiful and everlasting
city of the New Jerusalem and this " Vale of Tears."

It is almost impossible for one who gazes intently at the sky
in all its grandeur on a clear starlight night, to prevent his
mind from dwelling on the beauties that must be beyond.

In one day, that is in the space of twenty-four hours, the sky
undergoes numerous changes. First in the early morning we
have sunrise. The sun rises gradually in the Ka£t.
" See from his deep cloud-curtained couch arise
The drowsy Sun, and with a feeble ray,
Peep o'er the hill-tops on the morning giay —
Now sailing upwards through the Eastern skies."
And when he has reached his zenith it is noonday.

The next great change is Sunset; then in rapid succession
follow twilight, starlight aud moonlight.

Sunset is often very lovely in our Island Home, and its
beauty (which is, to a certain extent, enhanced by surrounding
wild and picturesque scenery) is highly appreciated by us.
and is honestly praised and admired by tourists in the holiday
season of the year.

The sun which has been rapidly journeying from the Kast all
day, though to us it appears to move but slowly, reaches the
West in the evening and prepares to sink to rest in all his glory.
The sky (towards the West) tinged with bright crimson, rich
purple and azure is a beautiful and fitting background for the
great, red ball of light, as he sinks and becomes invisible to us.

Twilight now falls softly, and almost immediately over the
Earth. Nature seems to be resting for a space ! Silence reigns
supreme !

Involuntarily one holds one's breath, fearing to disturb the
delightful tranquility of the scene. Gradually the stars come
out. One by one they peep shyly forth until in mute admira-
tion we behold the brilliantly studded firmament above.
" Silently one by 'one in the infinite meadows of heaven,
Blossomed the lovely stars, the forget-me nots of the angels."

The stars which are more widely known are Jupiter, Saturn,
Mars, Venus, and Mercury, the principal planets.

Soon we notice a subdued light, on the summit of Signal
Hill, which is a reflection from the Moon's beams, and we
real'ze with pleasure that we shall very soon have Moonlight.

As the orb rises slowly and majestically, she appears to barely
skim the summit of the surrounding hills, when in reality the
moon is hundreds of thousands of miles distant from the loftiest
mountain on the earth's surface.

In watching the moon rise, we have, perhaps, failed to notice
that the stars are gradually becoming dimmer, and now, that the
greater orb has risen high in the heavens, continuing her course
round the earth, we find that the smaller ones are almost invisible
— completely eclipsed by the " Queen of Night."

The grandeur and sublimity of the sky is now truly inspiring.

" The heavens" are like unto unto a vast fathomless lake, and
the moon is so clear at times, that the hills and valleys on its
surface are visible to the naked eye without any artificial aids.

The beautiful, subdued light which is shed over the earth by
the moon's beams on such a night, and whose mellowed softness

unconsciously sinks into one's very soul, filling it with a serene
peace, and making one forget for the time being, that there are
such things as hurry and strife: may well be said to inspire the
great writer who has said :

" In the night an athiest,
Half believes there is a God."

" Beautiful Moonlight, peaceful and calm,
O'er the tired spirit, pouring sweet balm ;
Karth glows with beauty, lovely and pale,
Wrapt like a bride in thy silv'ry veil.
See the blue waters sparkle with light;
O. thou art lovely, beautiful Night !"

having written the following
in reply to the lines of the

His GRACK THE ARCHBISHOI
beautiful and graceful Sonnet
gifted K. (J. upon the Investiture of the Pallium, we gladly
publish it together with the original lines.

CDc Inuesliture of tbe pallium

Bp his Grace flrchbishop rknolep, 23rd June, 1905.

(lATHKR within the Temple —

Come from afar and near !
Prelates, and priests and people —

As of old, " It's good to be here !"

Come in your joy and gladness —
' Come in your faith and love ;
For the trembling soul awaiting

Stands stamp'd from the HANH above !

This is his cherish'd birthland !

Climb'd to the " Heights" lias he '
Stainless his life and garments —

Simple, yet noble ! and \ve ? —

\Ve are his chosen children —

\Ve are his favored flock —
Trend of the " Keys of I'eter"

Proud of the ancient " Rock !"

Proud of the man invested —

In the Church he so adorns !
Proud of the added garlands

Won in a path of thorns !

Bells in yon lofty steeple

Let the peals of your gladness glide

O'er the depths of the throbbing ocean.
To the heart of the forest wide !

For this is his cherished Birthland,
Climb'd to the " Heights" has he ;

All hail to our first archbishop,
All hail on bended knee !

— £. C.

Sonnet

In thanks to €. C. for the Beautiful lines on the inoestiture of
the Pallium.

Thanks !— " Poetess of Pity"— whose sweet strain
Erstwhile Melpomene's sad muse has woo'd,
In choicest verse, though tuned to minor mood.

Thou oft hast soothed the broken heart's dull pain:

The widowed hearth, the orphaned home, — again
Hast helped to brighten: — ever "doing good,"
Like to the MASTER Who from Sacred Rood,

Drew all things to Him, in His loving train.

But now thou showest how thy Muse's lyre,
Can soar to loftier key : strike brighter chord
Of triumph : thrilling all the strings along. -
Touched by Calliope's heroic fire; —

It fills the heart with soul-inspiring word,
Again I thank thee for thy noble song !

-|-M. F. H.

St. John's, Nfld., loth July, 1905.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

The C. C. C. Officers at Camp, 1905.

Top Row— C. Vaughan, Lt. ; F. Hiscock, Lt. ; J. Meehan, Lt. ; J. Murphy, Lt. ; J. Shortall, Lt. ; P. Jordan, Lt.
Second Row— M. Donnelly, Lt. ; P. J. Kent, Capt. ; Hon. D. J. Green, Lt. -Col. ; Rev. A. Howley, D.D., Chaplain ; G. T. Carty, M.H.A., Capt.

A special effort will be made in the Make-up
of the Christmas Number of "The New-
foundland Quarterly" for 1905. .

New Advertisers would please send in copy of Advertisements as soon as

possible to

JOHN J. EVANS, 34 Prescott Street.

Stebaarrrian s 0iritrr]er|t

Will cure Rheumatism, Abscesses, Festers,
Scabbing, Catarrh, and all kinds of Sores.
Price, 2O Cents per Box.

L. STEBAURMAN,

18 Prospect Street, j» St. John's, Newfoundland.

M. MURPHY,!

West End Hair Dresser.

Hair Cutting, Shaving, and Refreshing Sea Foam.
Water Street West.

Opposite Angel Engineering & Supply Co's Store.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

500 Packages,

Direct from Ceylon.

TEA!

in 5 lb., 10 lb. and 20 lb. Boxes, and 50 lb. Chests.

25 cases Seal Brand Tea, -° * lb- packets-
50 boxes China Tea, 20 Ibs. each.

And a full line of Family Groceries and
Provisions : English and American

Send for Samples and Price List.

jg^pMail Orders shipped promptly.

J. D. RYAN,

281 Water Street,

St. John's.

« u^

"Seme"

********}I

$
51

*
*

Baking Bowder.

The purest and best
on the market

Packed in 2 02,, <£ <£
J-41K and 1-2 lb. Tins.

Thos. McMurdo & Co.

»
»

»•
i-

s
s

The Newfoundland Consolidated
foundry Company, Limited.

Manufacturers of Cooking,
Parlor, Hall and Church
Stoves, Gothic GRATES,
Mantelpieces, Windlasses,
Rouse Chocks, HAWSER
PIPES, and every variety of
Ship and General Castings,
Churchyard or Cemetery
Railings; Crestings, and all
Architectural Castings

W. P. WALSH, S. WILL. CORNICK,

President. Manager.

IT IS A WELL KNOWN FACT

Libby, McNeill & Libby's

NATURAL FLAVOUR PRODUCTS

occupy
FIRST PLACE

amongst

CANNED MEATS and SOIPS.
HEARN & CO., Agents.

FOR PRICE LIST.

R. J. Coleman,

Wholesale Provision Merchant.

Wholesale Dealer in

J. B. URQUHART,

Wholesale Flour Dealer,

T. A. HALL, ST. JOHN'S, N EW FOU NDLAN D.

Flour, Vegetables, Cheese,

Fruit, Confectionery, etc.

Our prices are always the very lowest.

Office & Store, : Adelaide Street.

.... Brands : . . . .

PERFECT, # BEAVER, # SEAL,
MIAMI, # SKIPPER.

!!!? Place to Get a Suit of Clothes

Made to Order, or Keadymade, is

MISS MAY WONG'S

282 Water Street, opp. Bowring Brothers.

We keep in stock English, Scotch and Canadian goods.
Also, Shirts, Ties, Caps, Braces, etc. Jt jt Jt

E. J. MALONE, * Tailor and Furnisher.

Dress Goods, Mantles, Millinery,

Feathers, Flowers, Gloves.
St. John's, jt Newfoundland.

268 Water Street.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

SOME SPECIALLY INTERESTING.

Newfoundland Literature

Caribou Shooting in Newfoundland, with over sixty illustrations,

by Dr. S. T. Davis Paper 60. cts. Cloth, $i .25

From Newfoundland to Cochin, China, by Lady Howard Vincent,

illustrated New and cheaper edition, Cloth, $i .25

Mineral Resources of Newfoundland, in two parts 60 cts.

Newfoundland — Standard History of, by D. W. Prowse, Esq., J.P.,
LL.D., with numerous Maps and Illustrations. Demy, 8vo;
Cloth, Gilt ; 2nd edition fi .75

Newfoundland — Ecclesiastical History of, by His Grace the Arch-
bishop of Newfoundland $2 . 50

Poems, by His Grace the Archbishop of Newfoundland 75 cts.

Captain of the Dolphin, and other Poems of Newfoundland and the

Sea, by Rev. F. J. J. Smith. Cloth, 75 cts., (Jilt top 90 cts.

Dr. Luke of the Labrador, by Norman Duncan 50 and 75 cts.

Lure of the Labrador Wild, by D. Wallace $i . 50

Interested persons should drop us a Post Card for complete list of Books

S. E. GARLAND, Books, Stationery, Fancy Goods, etc., Garland
GARLAND & CO., Booksellers and Stationers, opposite Post

The Way of the Sea, by Norman Duncan 50 and 75 cts.

The New Priest in Conception Bay, by Rev. Robert Lowell ; only a

very few copies now in print Cloth, $1 .75

Newfoundland Illustrated, with 109 beautiful half-tone views of the

chief attractions of the Island 50 cts.

Rambles in Our Ancient Colony by the Banks and Bergs of Terra

Nova, with numerous illustrations 40 cts.

St. John's and Newfoundland Illustrated, with 59 Half-tones of the

Capital of Newfoundland, with adjoining Outports 25 cts.

NEWFOUNDLAND VIEW POST CARDS.

The Garland Half-tone Series 45 varieties, 2 cts. each, 80 cts. set.

The Garland Photogravure Series 25 varieties, 3 cts. each, 70 cts. set.

The Garland Photolet (Photograph) ... 15 varieties, 3 cts. each, 45 cts. set.

The Garland Chromo-Litho 8 varieties, 4 cts. each, 30 cts. set.

The Garland Photo Iris 8 varieties, 4 cts. each, 30 cts. set.

Pamphlets, Sheet Music, Maps, Charts, etc., relating to Newfoundland.

Bldg., J77-9 Water Street, East 1ST. JOHN'S,
Office, 353 Water Street, West j Newfoundland.

Customs Circular

N(X 15.

A deposit equal to the duty shall be taken on such articles as
Cameras, Bicycles, Trouting Poles, Fire-arms, Tents, Canoes,
and tent equipage. A receipt (No. i) according to the form
attached shall be given for the deposit and the particulars of
the articles shall be noted in the receipt as well as in the
marginal cheques. Receipt No. 2 if taken at an outport office
shall be mailed at once directed to the Assistant Collector,
St. John's, if taken in St. John's the Receipt No. 2 shall be sent
to the Landing Surveyor.

No groceries, canned goods, wines, spirits or provisions of
any kind will be admitted free and no deposit for a refund may
be taken upon such articles.

h. W. LeMCSStJRIER,

Assistant Collector.

CUSTOM HOUSE,

. St. John's, Newfoundland, 22nd June, 1903.

The Public are reminded that the

GAME^ LAWS

NEWFOUNDLAND

Provide that:

No person shall pursue with intent to kill any Caribou from

the ist day of Februaiy to the 3ist day of July, or from the ist day of

October to the 2Oth October in any year. And no person shall

kill or take more than two Stag and one Doe Caribou in any one year.

No person is allowed to hunt or kill Caribou within specified limits of
either side of the railway track from Grand Lake to Goose Brook, these
limits being defined by gazetted Proclamation.

No non-resident may hunt or kill Deer (three Stag) without previously
having purchased ($50.00) and procured a License therefor. Licenses to
non-resident guides are issued, costing $50.00.

No person may kill, or pursue with intent to kill any Caribou with dogs,

or with hatchet or any weapon other than fire-arms loaded with

ball or bullet, or while crossing any pond, stream or water-course.

Tinning or canning of Caribou is absolutely prohibited.

No person may purchase, or receive in barter or exchange any flesh
of Caribou between January ist and July 3131, in any year.

Penalties for violation of these laws, a fine not exceeding two hundred

dollars, or in default imprisonment not exceeding two months.

No person shall hunt, or kill Partridges before the first day of October
in any year. Penalty not exceeding $100.00 or imprisonment.

Any person who shall hunt Beaver, or export Beaver skins before October
ist, 1007, shall be liable to confiscation of skins, and fine or imprisonment.

Close season for salmon and trout fishing: 1 5th day of September to
15th day of January following.

ELI DAWE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Department of Marine and Fisheriei,
12th August, 1905.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly.

THE . . .

NEWFOUNDLAND

Ji VOL. V.— No. 3.

QUARTERLY.

JOHN J. EVANS, PRINTER -AND PROPRIETOR.

DECEMBER, 1905.

Christinas Dumber.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

L U M B E

SCANTLING, 5x5 to 10x10.
STUDDING, all sizes.

JOISTING, 2x3 in. assorted.

We have also a full stock of
SEASONED BOARD in Store.

All selling at the Lowest Market Prices.
Purchasers will get good value for their
money.

W. & G. RENDELL

Queen §
fire Insurance Company

FUNDS $*O, OOO.OOO

INSURANCE POLICIES

Against Loss or Damage by Fire

are issued by the above

well known office on the most

liberal terms.

- 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 • -

JOHN CORMACK,

SGENT FOR NEWFOl)NDL«ND.

PHCENIX

Assurance

Co., Ltd,

GUARDIAN

ASSURANCE CD., LTD.,

Of London, England

HESTABIISHF.D 17

ESTABLISHED 1831.

Of LONDON, ESTABLISHED 1782.

Annual Premiums $7,500,000

Fund held to meet losses 9,000,000

Uncalled Capital 12,000,000

& G. RENDELL,

ST. JOHN'S. Agent for Nfld.

The Guardian has the largest paid-up capital of any
Company in the world transacting a Fire business.

Subscribed Capital
Paid-up Capital ...
Invested Funds exceed -

$lo,ooo,ooo

5,000,000

23, 5oo,ooo

T. & M. WINTER,

Agents for Newfoundland.

The Newfoundland Consolidated
foundry Company, Limited.

W. P. WALSIt, S. WILL. CORNICK,

President. Manager.

A. HARVEY I

Manufacturers of

SODA, PILOT and
FANCY BISCUITS.

We recommend all who want a really
FIRST CLASS SODA BISCUIT to
ask their grocer for a

Tak-Hoin-a Soda Biscuit,
or Three X Soda Biscuit.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Post Office Department

Parcels may be Forwarded by Post at Rates Given Below.
In the case of Parcels, for outside the Colony, the senders will ask for Declaration Form, upon which the Contents and Value must be Stated

FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND
LABRADOR.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM.

FOR UNITED STATES.

FOR DOMINION OF
CANADA.

I pou

2 pou

3
4

7
8

9
10

8 cents

24 ce
24
24
48
48
48
48
72
72
72
72

No parcel s
less than

nts

12 ce
24
36

48
60
72
84
96
£i 08

1 5 cents.
30

45
60

75
90
$1.05

Cannot exceed seven pounds
weight.

No parcel sent to D. of C. for
less than 15 cents.

nds

n "

14 "

17 "

20 '

2-1 '

26 '

2Q '

•32 *

I? "

-3C t.

Under i Ib. weight, I cent
per 2 oz.

ent to U. K. for
24 cents.

No parcel sent to U. S. for
less than 12 cents.

N.B. — ^Parcel Mails between Newfoundland and United States can only be exchanged by direct Steamers : say Red Cross Line to and from Ne~v York ;
Allan Line to and from Philadelphia.

Parcel Mails for Canada are closed at General Post Office every Tuesday at 3 p.m., for despatch by " Bruce" train.

General Post Office.

THE Rates of Commission on Money Orders issued by any Money Order Office in Newfoundland to the United States
of America, the Dominion of Canada, and any part of Newfoundland are as follows : —

For sums not exceeding $10 ........................... 5 cts. Over $50, but not exceeding $60 ........................ 30 cts.

Over $10, but not exceeding $20 ........................ 10 cts. Over $60, but not exceeding $70 ........................ 35 cts.

Over $20, but not exceeding $30 ........................ 15 cts. Over 870, but not exceeding $80 ........................ 40 cts.

Over $30, but not exceeding $40 ........................ 20 cts. Over $80, but not exceeding $90 ........................ 45 cts.

Over $40, but not exceeding $50 ........................ 25 cts. Over $90, but not exceeding $100 ....................... 50 cts.

Maximum amount of a single Order to any of the ABOVE COUNTRIES, and to offices in NEWFOUNDLAND, $100.00, but as
many may be obtained as the remitter requires.

General Post Office St. John's, Newfoundland, December, fgoj. H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

General Post Office, f Postal Telegraphs.

HEREAFTER Cable Messages for all parts of the world will be accepted for transmission
over Postal Telegraph lines and cable to Canso, N. S., at all Postal Telegraph Offices in
this Colony. '

INLAND.

Avondale Carbonear Harbor Breton

Harbor Grace

Harbor Main

Heart's Content

Herring Neck

Holyrood

Howards

Humber Mouth (River-
head, Bay of Islands)

King's Cove

King's Point (S. W. Arm,
Green Bay)

Lamaline

Lewisport

Little Bay

Little River

Long Harbor

Postal Telegraph Message Forms may be obtained at any Post Office in the Colony, and from Mail Clerks on Trains and Steamers. If the sender
desires, the message may be left with the Postmaster, to be forwarded by mail Free of Postage to nearest Postal Telegraph Office.

H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

General Post Office, St. John's, Newfoundland, December, 1905.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

Baie Verte (Little Bay N.)

Baine Harbor

Bay-de-Verde

Bay L'Argent

Bay Roberts

Beaverton

Belleoram

Birchy Cove (Bay of Islds.)

Bonavista

Bonne Bay

Botwoodville

Britannia Cove

Brigus

Brigus Junction

Burin

Catalina
Change Islands
Clarenville
Come-By-C nance
Conception Harbor
Fogo
Fortune
Gambo
Gander Bay
Glenwood
Grand Bank
Grand Falls
Grand Lake
Grand River
Greens pond
Hant's Harbor

Lower Island Cove

Manuels

Millertown Junction

Musgrave Harbor

New Perlican

Newtown

Nipper's Harbor

Norris' Arm

N. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Old Perlican

Pilley's Island

Port-au-Port (Gravels)

Port-aux-Basques(Channel)

Port Blandford

Stephenville Crossing

St. George's

St. Jacques

St. John's

St. Lawrence

Sandy Point

Scilly Cove

Seldom-Come-By

Sound Island

S. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Terenceville (head of

Fortune Bay)
Terra Nova
Tilt Cove
Trinity
Twillingate
Wesleyville
Western Bay
Whitbourne

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Xmas Greeting to All !

If you want to make all happy
at home, CALL AT

Where you can be supplied with
everything for Boy's and Men's wear,
and at prices that cannot be beat.

T. J. BARRON,

Boy's and Men's Outfitter.

358 Water Street,

One door West of Post Office.

INew Gandy Store

A. A. DELGADO,

Candy Manufacturer, •< „* 176 Water Street.

Choice Candies of all Descriptions*

(WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.)

Also, Ice Creams and Ice Cream Soda— different flavours. Fruit and
Cut Flowers in Season. Outport orders solicited. Remember the address.

A. A. DELGADO, 176 Water Street.

M. W. FURLONG, K.C.

J. M. KENT, K.C.

FURLONG & KENT,

~~ * 9 *~~

BARRISTERS and SOLICITORS.
DUCKWORTH STREET, ST. JOHN'S.

The

Tilled with
Bargains.

W[ CORDIALLY EXTEND

To our Patrons and the Public

generally an invitation to visit our

— (NEW STORE—

Which has just been opened.

Any amount of. Suit-
able Goods for Christ-
mas Presents.

We carry Full Lines of

American, Canadian, ar English

Suitings, Overcoatings, and Trouser-
ings, in the very latest materials and
. patterns, and we guarantee, as always,
the utmost satisfaction to those who
favor us with their orders.

CALLAhAN, GLASS & CO.,

Duckworth and

Cower Streets.

W. P. SHORTALL,

The American Tailor,

30O Water Street.

$4 A MONTH

Is not very much for a young man of 20 to put
aside out of his salary, but if invested with the

Confederation Life it will give

To his family, if he dies before age 40,. . .$1000.00
To himself, if he lives to age 40, from. . . .$/ 150.00

to $f3?2.oo
according to plan selected.

Insure early, while your health is
good. You will get your money back earlier
in life, when you can use it better.

CHAS. O'NEILL CONROY,

GENERAL AGENT FOR NbLD,

Law Chambers, St. John's, N. F.

TO EACH OF

Our Absent Friends!

A Souvenir of the Old Home Land. Now that the Xmas Season
has come, we have something appiopriate for each of them.

Headquarters for Books, Photographs. Post Cai s. Albums, and all

Literature relating to Newfoundland.
Photographs of all the most beautiful and inte:esting scenes in and about

Newfoundland and Labrador. The largest and most varied stock of

Photographs, relating to Newfoundland. The work of a Master Artist.

Price, 25 cents to $5.00.

Newfoundland — "The Norway of the New World," an exceedingly Hand-

some Album, containing over 100 views of our choicest scenes in

Newfoundland and Labrador, 40 cts.
Newfoundland Illustrated. — An Album of 63 views of Newfoundland and

Labrador scenes, beautifully finished in tints, 40 cts.
Pictorial Post Cards of every object of interest in City and Outports,

complete set of 30 for 50 cts., or 20 cts. dozen Cards.

Through Newfoundland with a Camera, by the late Mr. Holloway, $2. o,—
the best Book of Newfoundland Views ever published — a book you
would be delighted to send and your friends to receive.
our Photo Christmas Cards.

DICKS & CO. °BOOK

BOOKSTORE.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention "The Newfoundland Quarterly."

Christmas Number

NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY;

VOL. V.— No. 3.

DECEMBER, 1905.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

CDristmas Carol

Our Christmas Greeting.

READERS ! we greet you cheerily ;
Dear friends ! at home or far away,
In what so-ever clime you stray,

Whatever lands ye roam ;
Wherever tossed by life's rude sea.
May gladness fill your hearts to-day
And lead your spirits home.

As rose the wondrous star of old,—

Immortal Light, mysterious yet,
As on that night when sages sought

The King of Kings thro' Nazareth : —
So rises Mem'ry's radiant star

At Yule-tide wheresoe'r we roam,
I'oints to our first lov'd land afar

And leads the exile's heart to home.

Atlantic breaking on the shore,
That sang your cradle lullaby,

Ye'll hear in dreams of home once more ;

Sweet dreams of happy days, before

Ye passed high-hoped, the far seas o'er,
The far strange world to try.

And we remember, — o'er our hearts

Steal dreams of many a boyhood year,—
How merrily the Christmas went

When you, ye absent friends were here:
And we extend to you our best, —

May Peace for aye with you abide, —
And Love forever be your guest, —

And Joy be yours this Christmas-tide.

" ' GOOD MORNING, SIR ! A MERRY CHRISTMAS
TO You !' "

" And Scrooge said often afterwards, that of all
the blithe sounds he had ever heard, those were the

blithest in his ears."

* ****** *

" Oh ! but he was a tight-fisted hand at the grindstone,
Scrooge ! A squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutch-
ing, covetous old sinner 1 Hard and sharp as flint, from which no
steel had ever struck out generous fire ; secret, and self-contained,
and solitary as an oyster. The cold within him froze his old
features, nipped his pointed nose, shrivelled his cheek, stiffened
his gait; made his eyes red, his thin lips blue; and spoke out

shrewdly in his grating voice. A frosty rime was on his head,
and on his eye-brows, and his wiry chin. He carried his own
low temperature always about with him ; he iced his office
in the dog-days ; and didn't thaw it one degree at Christmas.

" External heat and cold had little influence on Scrooge. No
warmth could warm, no wintry weather chill him. No wind that
blew was bitterer than he, no falling snow was more intent upon
its purpose, no pelting rain less open to entreaty. Foul weather
didn't know where to have him. The heaviest rain, and snow,
and hail, and sleet, could boast of the advantage over him in
only one respect. They often 'came down' handsomely, and
Scrooge never did.

" Nobody ever stopped h'tn in the street to say, with gladsome
looks, " My dear Scrooge, how are you ? When will you come
to see me ?'' No beggars implored him to bestow a trifle, no
children asked him what it was o'clock, no man or woman ever
once, in all his life, inquired the way to such and such a place,
of Scrooge. Kven the blind men's dogs appeared to know him ;
and when they saw him coming on, would tug their owners into
doorways and up courts ; and then would wag their tails as
though they said, "No eye at all is better than an evil eye, dark
master!" But what did Scrooge care ! It was the very thing
he liked. To edge his way along the crowded paths of life, warn-
ing all human sympathy to keep its distance, was what the
knowing ones call "nuts to Scrooge."

Thus in the chastest prose poem in the language does the
master portray Selfishness and Avarice.

But the spirit of Christmas worked miracles in the hard
hearted old miser. After showing him the joys and pleasure in
the poorest ar.d humblest homes where Love presided, and then
foreshadowing his own loveless deathbed, with the hired ghouls,
before his life had yet departed, fighting over his few squalid
possessions ; and then the vision in the dank cold graveyard,
of a neglected grave, marked " Ebenezer Scrooge," he was
redeemed by the spi inklings of the torch borne aloft by the
Spirit of Chiistmas.

His heart was softened, his eyes opened to his folly, his selfish-
ness thawed in the presence of the Spirit of Love, and for the
first time in many years he responded to the Spirit of the Season.
He realized his duty to those who were dependent on him ; to
the widow and the fatherless ; to the poor and outcast.
********

"Good Spirit," he cried, "if I am spared and given the
chance, I will honour Christmas in my heart, and try to keep it
all the year. I will live in the Past, the Present and the Future.
The Spirits of all Three shall strive within me. I will not shut
out the lessons that they teach. Oh, tell me I may sponge away
the writing on the stone 1"

" Scrooge was better than his word. He did it all and
infinitely more," and the first genuine pleasure he tasted for
many a year, was when he did a kindness to his ill-paid old
servitor — poor Bob Cratchit.
********

" But he was early at the office next morning. Oh ! he was
early there. If he could only be there first, and catch Bob Cratchit
coming late ! That was the thing he had set his heart upon.

And he did it; yes, he did ! The clock struck nine; no Bob.
Quarter past. No Bob. He was full eighteen minutes and a half
behind his time. Scrooge sat with his door wide open, that he

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

might see him come into the Tank. His hat was off, before he
opened the door ; his comforter too. He was on his stool in a jiffy ;
driving away with his pen, as if he were trying to overtake nine
o'clock. " Hallo I" growled Scrooge, in his accustomed voice, as
near as he could feign it. " What do you mean by coming here
at this time of day ?"

" I am very sorry, sir," said Bob. " I am behind my time."

" You are ?" repeated Scrooge. " Yes. 1 think you are. Step
this way, sir, if you please."

" It's only once a year, sir," pleaded Bob, appearing from the
Tank. " It shall not be repeated. I was making rather merry
yesterday, sir."

" Now, I'll tell you what, my friend," said Scrooge, ;< I am
not going to stand this sort of thing any longer, and therefore,"
he continued, leaping from his stool, and giving Bob such a dig
in the waistcoat, that he staggered back into the Tank again ;
" and, therefore, I am about to raise your salary !"

Bob trembled, and got a little nearer to the ruler. He had a
momentary idea of knocking Scrooge down with it, holding him,
and calling to the people in the court for help and a strait
waistcoat.

"A Merry Christmas, Bob 1" said Scrooge, with nn earnest-
ness that could not be mistaken, as he clapped him on the back.
" A merrier Christmas, Bob, my good fellow, than I have given
you for many a year! I'll raise your salary, and endeavour to
assist your struggling family, and we will discuss your affairs
this very afternoon, over a Christmas bowl of smoking bishop,
Bob ! Make up the fires, and buy another coal-scuttle, before
you dot another i, Bob Cratchit !"
********

" Scrooge was better than his wo'rd. He did it all, and
infinitely more; and to Tiny Tim, who did NOT die, he was a
second father. He became as good a friend, as good a master,
and as good a man, as the good old city knew, or any other
good old city, town, or borough, in the good old world. Some

people laughed to see the alteration in him. but he let therrt
laugh, and little heeded them ; for he was wise enough to know
that nothing ever happened on this globe, for good, at which
some people did not have their fill of laughter in the outset ; and
knowing such as these would be blind anyway, he thought it
quite as well that they should wrinkle up their eyes in grins as
have the malady in less attractive forms. His own heart
laughed ; and that was quite enough for him.

He had no further intercourse with Spirits, but lived upon
the Total Abstinence principle ever afterwards ; and it was
always said of him, that he knew how to keep Christmas well,
if any man alive possessed the knowledge.

May that be truly said of us, and all of us ! And so, as
Tiny Tim observed,

"GOD BLESS US, EVERYONE!"

Clx Infinite.

THE Infinite always is silent

It is only the Finite speaks. .
Our words are the idle wave-caps,

On the deep that never breaks.
We may question with wand of science,

Explain, decide, and discuss ;
But only in meditation

The Mystery speaks to us.

-y. fl. O'Kielly.

THE STAR OF BETHLEHEM.

From the Wattr (olmir by Sir E Rurne Jonrs.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Snowbound at Cbrisimas.

By the Rev. Cyrus

NE Christmas I was snow bound on one of the obscure
branches of the Santa F6 Railroad. If the train had
been on time I would have made a connection and
have reached home by Christmas Eve, but it was
very evident as the day wore on that it was not going to be on
time ; indeed, it was problematical whether it would ever get
anywhere at all. It was snowing hard ; our progress had be
come slower and slower ; finally, in a deep cut, we stopped.
There were three other men, one woman and two little children
in the car ; no other passengers in the train. The train was of
that variety known out West as a " plug," consisting of a com-
bination baggage and smoker and one coach.

One of the train hands started on a lonely and somewhat
dangerous tramp several miles up the road to the next station
to call for the snow-plow, and the rest of us settled down to
spend the night. Certainly we could not hope to be extricated
before the next evening, especially as the storm then gave no
signs of abating. We all went up to the front of the car and
sat around the stove, in which we kept up a bright fire; fortun-
ately, we had plently of fuel, and in such circumstances we
speedily got acquainted with one another. One of the men was
a drummer — a traveling man for a notion house — another was
a cowboy, another was a big cattleman, and I was the last. We
soon found that the woman was a widow who had maintained
herself and the children precariously, since the death of her
husband, by sewing and other feminine odd jobs, but had at last
given up the struggle and was going back East to live with her
mother, also a widow, who had some property.

999

The poor little threadbare children had cherished anticipations
of a joyous Christmas with their grandmother. From their talk
we could hear that a Christmas tree and all sorts of things had
been promised them. They were intensely disappointed at the
blockade. They cried and sobbed and would not be comforted.
Fortunately the woman had a great b.isket filled with substantial
provisions, which, by-t lie-way, she generously shared with the
rest of us, so we were none of us hungry. As the night fell we
tipped up two of the seats, placed the bottoms sideways, and
with our overcoats made two good beds for the little folks. Just
before they went to sleep the drummer said to mei

" Sa), parson, we've got to give those kids some Christmas!"

" That's what !" said the cowboy.

" I'm agreed I'' added the cattleman.

" Madam," said the drummer, after a brief consultation be-
tween us, addressing the woman with the easy assurance of his
class, " we are going to give your kids some Christmas."

The woman beamed at him gratefully.

" Ves, children," said the now enthused drummer as he turned
to the open-mouthed children, " Santa Claus is coming around
to-night, sure. We want you to hang up your stockings."

" We ain't got none," said the little girl, " 'ceptin' those we've
got on, an' ma says it's too cold to take 'em off."

" I've got two new pair of woolen socks," said the cattleman
eagerly, " which I ain't never wore, an' you are welcome to 'em."

There was a clapping of little hands in childish glee, and then
the two faces fell as the elder remarked :

" But Santa Claus will know they are not our stockings, an'
he will fill them with things for you instead."

"Lord love you !" said the burly cattleman, roaring with in-
fectious laughter, " he won't bring me nothin'. One of us will
sit up, anyway, an' tell him it's for you. You've got to hustle
to bed right away because he may be here any time now."

Then came one of those spectacles which we sometimes wit-
ness once or twice in a lifetime. The children knelt down on
the rough floor of the car. beside their improvised beds. In-
stinctively the hands of the men went to their heads, and at the
first words of " Now I lay me down to sleep" four hats came off.
The cowboy stood twirling his hat and looking at the little
kneeling figures, the cattleman's vision seemed dimmed, while
in the eyes of the traveling man there shone a distant look — a
look across snow-filled prairies to a warmly lighted home.

Toumsend Brady.

The children were soon asleep. Then the rest of us went
into earnest consulation. "What should we give them ?" was
the question.

" It don't seem to me that I've got anythin' to give "em," said
the cowboy mournfully, " unless the little kid might like my
spurs; an' I would give rny gun to the little gal, though on gen-
eral principles I don't like to give up a gun : you never know
when yer goin' to need it, 'specially with strangers, " he added,
with a rather suspicious glance at mel I would not have harmed
him for the world.

" I'm in much the same fix," said the cattleman. " I've got
a flask of prime old whisky here, but it don't seem like it's very
appropriate for the occasion, though it's at the service of any of
you gents."

" Never seen no occasion in which whisky wasn't appropri-
ate," said the cowboy, mellowing at the sight of the flask.

" I mean, 'tain't fit for kids," explained the cattleman, hand-
ing it over.

" I begun on't rather early," remarked the " puncher," as he
lifted the flask, for a drink, " an' I always until this time drank
it when my feelin's is onsettled, like now."

Then he looked at the two little forms asleep with a sigh, and
handed th<; flask back — its contents untouched.

" Never mind, boys!" said the drummer, "you all come along
with me to the baggage car."

So off we trooped. He opened his trunks and spread before
us such a glittering array of trash and trinkets as almost took
away our breath.

"There!" he said, " look at that ! We'll just pick out the
best things from the lot and I'll donate them all."

"No, you don't," said the cowboy; " my ante's in on this
game, an' I'm goin' to buy what chips I want an' pay for 'em,
too. else there ain't goin' to be no Christmas around here !"

" That's me, too," said the cattleman.

" I think that will be fair," I heartily assented ; "the travel-
ing man can donate what he pleases, and we can each of us buy
what we please, as well."

9 99

I think we spent hours looking over the stock which the obliging man
spread out all over the car for us. He was going home, he said, and every-
thing was at our service. The trainmen caught the infection, too, and all
hands finally went back to the coach with such a load of stuff as you never
saw before. We filled the socks and two seats besides with it. The grate-
ful mother was simply dazed.

As we all stood about, gleefully surveying our handiwork, including the
bulging socks, the engineer remarked :

" We've got to get some kind of a Christmas tree."

So two of us plowed off in the prairie — it had stopped snowing and was
bright moonlight— and wandered around until we found a good-sized piece
of sage-brush, which we brought back and solemnly installed. The woman
decorated it with bunches of tissue paper from the notion stock, and clean
cotton waste from the engine. We hung the train lanterns around it.

We were so excited that we actually could not sleep ! The contagion of
the season was stiong upon us, and I know not which were the more de-
lighted the next morning, the children or the amateur Santa Clauses, when
they saw what the cowboy called " the lay-out."

Great goodness I Those children never did have, and probably never
again will have, such a Chiistmas ; and to see the thin face of that woman
flush with unusual color when we handed her one of those monstrous red
plush albums which we had purchased jointly, and in which we had all
written our names in lieu of our photographs, and between the leaves of
which the cattleman had generously slipped a hundred-dollar bill, was
worth being blockaded for a dozen Christmases. Her eyes filled with tears
and she fairly sobbed before us.

During the morning we had a little service in the car, in accordance with
the custom of our church, and 1 am sure no more heartfelt body of wor-
shippers ever poured forth their thanks for the Incarnation than those men,
that woman and the little children. The woman sang " Jesus, Lover of
My Soul." from memory, in her poor little voice, and that small but rever-
ent congregation cowboy, drummer, cattleman, trainmen and parson — all
solemnly joined in.

"It feels just like church," said the cowboy gravely to the cattleman.
" Say. I'm all broke up. Let's go in the other car."

The train hand who had gone on to division headquarters returned with
the snow-plow early in the afternoon, but, what was more to the purpose,
he brought a »-hole cooked turkey, so the children had a Christmas tree, a
Christmas dinner and Santa Claus to their hearts' content.

I did not get home until the day after Christmas.

But, after all, what a Christmas I had enjojed !

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

In tbc " Greyhound's" Crack.

Where the "iKarp Rose" Went Down.

By Eros Wayback.

RtRANCE takes the initiative amongst the nations to have defined an
IF "Ocean Liner's Lane" betwixt the continents — thus tending to
eliminate one prolific source of danger to the toilers of the deep.

The United States must surely aid in a movement that so nearly
concerns her hardiest sons, many of whose lives are thus yearly
needlessly sacrificed.

I.
Of the ships that sail to Newfoundland Banks,

Where the fishermen go, and and the fog looms dark,
Where the Briton trolls with the venturous Franks,

And the shrouding mists envelope each bark,
There be many shall remake not the home-port again :

For the deep claims its own, must have its tale.
In the comber's sweep, in the fierce gale's strain
The craft goes down and women will wail 1

II.
Or thro' these dank mists, without stop or heed,

Bursts the " Ocean Liner," then a clash,
Twice ten thousand tons, like from guidance freed,

Divide the deep, on the frail craft crash !
And Nellie and Kate at the window pane,

And little Jack from the Tor's bald height
May watch thro' the spindrift all in vain

For the Banker that ne'er shows her red port light !

in.
Tho' the kindly neighbors in their Doric speech.

As they wistfully gaze at the children dree,
And e'er and anon look athwart the beach,

Say, "There's hope, O, friends, there's hope from the seal"
But the days roll on, and full many a sail

Is outlined white 'gainst ihe azure dome,

Ay. right well they have weathered each fierce-wrought gale,
But no Afary Kusf from the Banks comes home !

IV.

The rugged, stooped sire who for forty years, —

Or a decade more — hath the waters trolled,
May not, tho' he try, repress the tears

That well to his eyes, for the stricken fold ;
For the lusty lads with life's wine filled

Who ever held their own 'midst storm or wrack,
And toiled for their meed tho' it rimed and chilled.

But helpless sank in the " Greyhound's Track ?"

v.
Oh ! the grey gnll sweeps with quivering wings

From the Newfoundland Banks where the fishermen hie,
And the tossing bark to her cable swings ;

For he knows full well where the dead men lie
'Midst the shrouding weed, 'neath storm waves whirl ;

And his cry resounds from the seaward scaur
That bars and breaks the mad waters' swirl,

As they spend their force 'gainst the grim, grey Tor 1

VI.

Oh ! the grey gull knows where the lost lads rest,
As he bends his flight o'er th' uncoffined graves.

All strewn around where no mound is blessed,
In the still, deep solemn and restful caves ;

And he oft times dips o'er each low laid tomb,
From the basalt scaurs to the ocean's rim,

And his great, keen eyes pierce profoundest gloom.
For the sea's dark secrets are not hid from him I

VII.

To his wild cry, hark ! like a bugle blast,
As it swells or sinks o'er the waves' repose ;

Say, what ship's crew's graves did he pass o'er last.
Was it those of the lads of the Mary Rose t

Che SoutlvVallep Road.

By Dan Carroll.

ABOVE the wooded hill a star; —

Twilight along the stream ; — •
St. Bride's fair valley spread afar,

And in my heart a dream.
I stroll, and hear, the while I stroll

The winding road along, —
As deep, more deep descends the dusk, —

A vanished summer's song.

The iris and the buttercup

With ox-eyed daisies grew,
The gentle Springtide zephyrs here,

With sweetest fragrance blew ;
From clover fields and distant lanes

The drowsy cattle lowed,
And many a meadow smiled beside

The sweet South Valley Koad.

'Twas here our fav'rite swimming pool

In August days we sought,
" Sam White's" and " St. John's" waters cool

Where many a fray we fought.
The boyish fiay the deeper seed

Of manly friendship sowed,
Friendships that in our hearts enshrine

The bright South Valley Road.

Far up the grove of stately trees

That clothe the sloping hill
Above the sighing of the breeze

Luke's Brook is singing still ;
The stars are leaning thro' the night

A nearer glimpse to know
Of the bright valley's chaims that won

Our hearts, long years ago.

The moonlight 'wraps the scene again

And summer breezes blow,
'Tis just as beautilul as when

\\ e lingered long ago
Upon the bridge that spans the stream

Wl.en every piospect glowed
Etheieal in the light of youth

Along S >uth \ alley Road.

" In genial spring beneath

the quivering shade,
Where cooling vapours

breathe along the

mead,
The patient fisher takes

his silent stand.
Intent, his angle trembling

in his hand."

— Pope.

3S.

FISHING PARTY AT NINE MII.E POST.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Boys Always Look Swell

In Our Clothing* *g <£

JAEKMAN me Mar.

Our display of Christmas
Footwear is a grand one.
This is the verdict of every one.

We've Everything for Everybody

Boots for the Street — Boots for Dress, the swellest
of the swell or conservative styles.

Slippers of every description. All sorts of Cold
and Wet Weather Shoes.

Romeos, Juliets, Felt Footwarmers, Leggins of
every kind, Rubbers in all styles — oh, well, we can't
tell you the half of what we have in store for you.

There's No More Sensible Christmas Gift
Than Footwear,

Especially a pair of " Queen Quality" Boots for
your wife.

If you come here for it you'll not only get the best,
but you'll have more money left for other things.

Merry Christmas to All!
PARKER & MONROE,

THE SHOE MEN,

195 & 363 WATER STREET.

Bowring Brothers,

Limited _

Ship Owners, Brokers, and General Merchants.

Exporters of Codfish, Salmon, Herring, Seal Oil, Seal Skins,
Cod Oil, Lobsters, Whale Oil, Whale Bone, Etc.

AGENTS FOR—
LLOYD'S.

London Salvage Association.

New Swiss Lloyd's.

National Board of Marine Underwriters of New York,

Liverpool and Glasgow Underwriters.

Liverpool and London and Globe Fire Insurance Co.

New York, Newfoundland, and Halifax Steam Ship Co.

English and American Steam Shipping Co.

Represented by C. T. BOWRING & Co., Ltd., of Liverpool, London, Cardiff.
Represented by BOWRING & Co., New York and San Francisco.

CODES — Scott's, Watkins, A. B. C., Western Union, Premier, &c.
Cables: — " BOWRING," St. John's.

JOB BROTHERS & Co.,

St. John's, N. F.

Importers of Provisions, including Flour,
Molasses, Pork, Beef, Ships' Materials, and all things
necessary foi prosecution of the Fisheries. We are in a
position to supply all Goods at Lowest Cash Prices.

Highest Prices Given for all products of the

Fisheries, including Codfish, Cod Oil, Refined Cod-liver
Oil, Pickled Salmon, and Herring, and Lobsters. Export-
ers of all Newfoundland Products.

Fire& Marine Insurance

Lowest Rates quoted for all forms of Insurance.
....AGENTS FOR....

Royal Insurance Co. (Fire).

Union Marine Insurance Co., Ltd., and

Maritime Insur'nce Co., Ltd., (Marine)

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

BOVRIL WINE/

Bovril Lozenges,
Bovril Beef Jelly.

LIEBIG'S EXTRACT MEAT.

Virol, Celery Salt,

Wild Cherry Sauce,

Goorka Relish.

put up by BOVRIL, Limited,

Food Specialists.

T. J. EDENS, Agent for Nfld.

JOHN R. BENNETT,

PROPRIETOR OF

Garten's Aerated Water Works,

Desires to wish his numerous
Friends and Patrons ........

A Happy Xmas gii a Bright' §M Prosperous
New Year,

And to remind them that our /Erated Waters are
still unequalled for Brilliancy, Purity and Flavor.

Address: 166 & 168 Duckworth Street, St. John's.
P. 0. Box, 183. j» Telephone, 207.

GEORGE NEAL,

Wholesale Dealer in Provisions,
Groceries, Fruit, Vegetables.

Large Stock Oats, Hay, Cattlefeed, Bran, Corn,

&c., always on hand. Big Shipment Poultry

to arrive for Xmas.

M. J. Summers

330 Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

Notice to Mariners.

IMPORTER

AM> DKAI.KR IN

Earthenware, China, Glassware and Dry Goods.
Also, Men's Top Shirts, Underwear, Braces, Ties,
Boots, Shoes, &c. American Oil Clothes (Double,
Patched and Single), Local Oil Clothes (Single).

NEWFOUNDLAND.

No. II of 19O5.

OTIC'E is hereby given that the undermentioned Aids to Navigation
will not be in operation fiom 1st day of January until the
1st day of April, I9O6, and without further notice these Aids will be
discontinued during the same period in each year.

Iron Island Fog Bell, off entrance to Burin, Placentia Bay.

Latitude 47" 02' 40" North.
Longitude 55" 06' 50" West.

Burnt Point Fog Alarm & Light, entrance to Seldom-Come-By.

Latitude 4</' 36' oo" North.
Longitude 54^' 09' oo" West.

Squarey Island (Red Ligln), on the Port hand entrance to
Bonavista Harbor.

Latitude 48° 49' oo" North.
Longitude . 53° 07' 40" West.

Department of Marine and Fisheries,
St. John's, Nfld., Nov. 26, 1905.

ELI DAWE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Resting— In inc Inish of mntide.

Che ncivfoutidiatid Quarterly,

0UR one and only Magazine, contains, every issue, Essays,
Sketches, and Poems by the very best local writers. The
Christinas Number is a fair specimen. Our circulation
has doubled du i ing the last year We are desirous of having
the Quarterly in every home in Newfoundland. And we also
desire to enroll amongst our subscribers all Newfoundlanders
abroad. The Quarterly will keep them in touch with the
thoughts and opinions of leading men in their native land.

SPECIAL OFFER. — To any teacher or subscriber in Newfound-
land sending us $1.20 and three names, we will send four copies
of the Quarterly for one year — one to each new subscriber, and
a free copy for one year to the party sending in the list.

To OUR FRIENDS: — Send us your subsciiption, and the
names of your friends, and we will send specimen copies.

Every issue of the Quarterly is illustrated, and contains the
same amount of reading — 20 pages.

Subscription, Newfoundland and Canada, 40 cents per year.
Foreign, 50 cents per year.

JOHN J. EVANS, Printer,

34 Prescott Street, St. John's. Nfld.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Bob's 6bost

By H. W. LeMessurier.

T was the second night of the wake at John
Coady's ; the neighbours were gathered from
all parts in-side and outside of the Arm.
Several came from Paradise, and not a few from
the Bight, so that the rooms were filled almost
to overflowing.

In the kitchen sat Bob Martin, the centre of a knot of those
who delighted in egging him on to propose the most wonderful
conundrums, which not even Bob, at times, could answer, and
tell the most outrageous tales that only Bob could manufacture.
A stranger was present, whom Bob designated as " wan of dem
dandy down-along fellers," who rather irritated Bob by his per-
sistently asking riddles, which were seemingly more appreciated
by the girls than those that were set forth by him.

" Come now, Mr. What-you-calls-yourself," asked Bob, " kin
you tell me what's the dufference between a bultow-by and a gal
that has a rag on every bush ? Now, answer me that an you'r
a better man nor me."

The young man smiled and said he felt awkward in trying to
answer such a question, as it inferred that the girls about here
were flirts. Bob remarked that he knew all about the " gals"
and " wasn't afeared of hurtin' their failin's." One of the young
maidens said she believed that Bob did not know the answer to
the' riddle himself. This created a little diversion in favor of
Bob, whose part was taken by most of the women, whilst some
of the men eagerly supported the strai'ger. The fun that this
rivalry called forth began to get too uproarious, so Mick Walsh
said he'd settle the whole matter, and asked the stranger was
he willing to stand by his decision ? The stranger acquiesced,
and Uncle Mick said: " Well, if the stranger can't answer Bob's
riddle, and Bob can answer it himself, the stranger will have to
stand Bob a bottle of gin. Is that agreed to?" " Yes," said
Bob, and after a little consultation with one of the company, the
stranger also agreed; saying he gave it up, and trusted that
Mr. Martin was able to explain his own conundrum. " Be de
sowkins," said Bob, " I don't know what youse call a humdrum,
as I'm not lamed in those jaw breakers, but I can answer cle
riddle if all's fair play." •" Fair play," says Uncle Mick. " Now
then Bob, heave.it out of you." "Well, bys, it's like this:
a bultow-by ties on to a lot of hooks, and a girl that's always
after the boys hooks on to a lot of ties."

There was a general tiner amongst the girls and a dispute
arose as to whether that was a fair answer. Bob explained that
it was Sundays he was thinking of, when all the boys wore neck-
ties, and Uncle Mick decided that the bottle of gin was fairly
won, and adjudged that the stranger should forthwith pay the
penalty.

As the evening advanced, and various tales had been told by
different persons in the assemblage, the subject of ghosts crop-
ped up, and Uncle Mick was asked if he believed in them.
" Sure and I do then ; don't I remember me father telling about
the ghost that used to hant the Island, and how one night he
woke old Mr. Cooke up, that carried on business there, and
towld him there was a big vessel ashore on the back of Marti-
cot, and ould Cook, almost scared out of his life, got up and
went down to the cook-room and called the men and they took
the big skiff and rowed out, and sure enough on the back of the
island there was a brig ashore and not a soul on board. And I
knows that ghost has been walking there ever since, for James
saw it when he tuck the business over, and old Crewe met it
wan night when he was staying up there and wished it the time
of day, but it never said a word only pinted to the ould church-
yard. Next day Bill Hickey's big ram was found dead near the
church-yard pint."

Various other stories were told about ghosts — about the Ghost
in the Gulch near Toslow, the Ghost of the Back Cove, the Ghost
of the Oven, and the Ghost that tormented the •' Gooldworthys"
down in the Bight.

It was getting late and some of the company began to dis-

perse. The Ann's Cove people had promised Bob a passage as
far as their place, and as they had some distance to row, they
were amongst the first to leave. Bob had imbibed rather freely
during the evening and was in a very talkative mood on his way
down the Arm, the chief topic of his conversation being ghosts.
As they got near the Cove he became very valiant, declared he
was able to fight any amount of ghosts, and there " warn't a
ghostess barn" that he couldn't tackle. One of the girls re-
minded Bob of this when he landed at the stage and started to
walk to St. Kyran's, calling after him, " Look out for the ghost
near the pond, Bob; she's always there after twelve."

Bob started off round the Cove and climbed the hill leading
out of Green's Cove. When he got near the top of the hill, he
took the bottle of gin out of his jumper — the prize which he had
won at the riddle contest, and which he had selfishly k'ept for
himself — and imbibed some of its contents. " Be de hokey
smut," says Bob to himself, " I'm fit now to fight all de ghostess
in de wide wurrulecl," and on he went filled with new courage
and a trifle of gin. Now it so happened, that a little way on the
road, there was a diversion in it caused b} an attempt to carry
the road round a knoll instead of over it, and as it was never
finished it ended in a sort of cnl-ik-sac. Before Bob came to
this place he had helped himself several times from the bottle,
and to further keep up his courage sang some of the Bay ditties
with which he was familiar. Of course Bob should take the
wrong road, and as he floundered along singing

'• De captin was an Amerycan.

De mate he war de same,
And deie were four bould sailor boys

From Newfoundland dey came."

Bob's attention was suddenly attracted by a noise ahead of
him, and peering through the darkness he saw something white.
" Howly Mudder. I wander which of dem ghostess dis wan is !
Say, mister, are you a ghostess, or are you some one else. I
wander if he'll t;ike a drink; here's te ye, me boy," said he ad-
vancing a little and taking a sup from the bottle. " Kf you'r out
fur the night perhaps you'd take something to warm ye." There
being no iesp/onse, Bob went forward a little, and as he advancd
the ghost retreated. Bob plucked up courage when he saw that
the ghost, as he thought, was running away. •• Tare-an ounds,
but I've skeered him, and he's running away : hurroosh me foine
ghost, but ef you'd only hould on I'd tickle yer ribs fur ye. Be
dad, he's not threadin very lightly," said Bob, for the ghost was
evidently heavy and made a noise as it walked along.

For a little while Bob followed on, half afraid of the white thing
ahead of him. and every now and then getting courage from the
gin bottle. Bob began to get very fuddled and staggered a good
deal. Suddenly, when he was quite unprepared, the ghost
turned and came towards him. As it came close it made a rush
and p.issed hi'n. Bob saw it coming, made an attempt at dodg-
ing it, and falling over was struck on the head by something and
became unconscious. Early next morning Bob was found sound
asleep in the cul-de-sac by one of the Leonard girls who was out
looking for their white cow which had been astray for some
time from St. Kyran's.

When Bob came to himself, the sun was about two hours high,
and as he sat up, stretched himself and looked around, he mut-
tered, '• Be de hokey smut it wasn't a draine after all, and I got
the duvil's own fright. Let me see, where has I got to at all, at
all ?" After this soliloquy he set out to find the road, and was
soon on the correct one and trudged along for the Cove with
a bursting head and an empty feeling, which he consoled himself
he would cure if he could get the soft side of Mary McCue — the
first house he intended to make for.

Arriving there he told, dolefully, about the wake at John
Coady's, and of who were there and what they did, omitting all
that he had said and done, and when he had got a " bowel of
tay" disposed of, he told about the ghosts he met and how they
shook hands with one another, that was the ghosts, and that

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

t'.iey went on talking about the other world just as though they
were Christians, and he learnt a lot by barkening to them, which
he couldn't talk about. Mary was listening intently to Bob as
he related his wonderful yarn, merely ejaculating every now and
and then : " D' you say so," " Oh I but you were the brave boy."
" Sure and now I do believe you, &c., &c." When Bob had
satisfied the inner-man, and looked round the Cove for a boat,
he got a lift across the reach for Isle-a-Vallyah where he was
bound. Stopping at Swaddler's Cove he retailed his experiences
of the night before, with a few additions to the tale he had
already related in St. Leonard's.

This was Bob's usual routine when he had anything worth his
while to tell. Every time he related an experience it was mag-
nified and added to, so that by the time he related his experience
in the " Isle-a-Vallyah" cook-room it read something like this:

" Well, bys, I had the curriestest ting happen to me last night
as ever yez heerd tell ov. I landed wid the bys an gurrils in
Ann's Cove last night and set out for St. Kyran's. I tuck me
toime an' war cumin' 'long de road up near the pond, when out
jumped a lot ov ghostesses and cot me atune em and made a

reglar ball ov me, haaving me from wan to de udder 'till I
taught I war swimmin' in de air. Wan ov de ghostesses i'd
sing out ' ketch,' jist as if I wuz a yaffle ov fish, and den he'd
jerk me over to de udder. Be me sowkins, I tried to say me
prayers, but dey knocked de wind out of me, so dat I culdn't
get a blessed wurrd out of me carcass. Den dey laid me down
and danced all roun me, and de smell ov de brumstone wuz so
strong dat I wuz nearly choked, and ef yez only heered wat
dey said about de udder wurrild yer hairs 'd stand on en' like
mine did. I wuz linking it wuz all over wid me whin dey strip-
ped off all me clothes and each ghostes jumped on me. All at
wancet dere was a big blaze of blue litenin' an dey vanished.
An den de daylight wuz cummin' on and dere wuz me close
hung all along on de bushes, an I had to get em shivering and
shakin' from head to fut. Dhrinking wuz I ? No, I wuzzent.
I wuz as sober as I am now, and dat's moighty dry boys."

The truth, of Bob having been seen by one of the Leonard girls
sound asleep on the Ann's Cove road, soon got about, and when
he afterwards told the story of his encounter with the ghosts, he
scouted the idea that it was Leonard's white cow he had met.

' What Sport can earth, or sea, or sky,
Co match the princely chase, atford."

—Sir Walter Scott.

" peace * * and good health and
much good fish."

— Coioper.

fldoiun the Cane,

" STRANGE night for tender mem'ries —
Strange night for musings sad!"

While all around is revelry—-
The city gay and glad :

The lovely harbour studded
With brave and gallant ships.

And floods of searchlight trembling
Like smiles from loving lipg.

" Strange night, strange night" I murmur,

" Strange night for dreams as now t
Dreams look'd upon as vmish'd

Like youth, from cheek and brow-
" On such a night" I murmur —

" On such a night as this
Ileav'n clos'd to me its portals

And Hell flung out its kiss !'r

I see the " Hiils" before me—

They're mirror'd in the sheen
Of madly dancing waters

And light and shade between —
Ah me ! my view embraces

The whole, with suppress'd pain
For heart and soul are centred

la forms adown the Lane 1

By E. C.

They're mirror'd in the shadows

They pass before the light —
The little scarlet bonnet —

The coat of doubtful white !
The shimm'ring ringlets straying — •

The curls that told of rain
Ah me ! How could the angels

So steep my life in pain —
And rob me of the treasures

That haunt me down the Lane I

To hold for one brief moment

Those little human hands !
To clasp those trembling bodies

Now with the angel bands !
The wish is like a torrent

And shrouds my soul in pain.
So vivid is the picture

I see adown the Lane !
* * * * *

Is mine the only echo

Mid human hearts to-night ?
Am I the one scarr'd soldier

In earth's brief, bitter fight ?
Are mine the only lute-strings

A rift in yearning pain —
My ghost, the only phantom

Adown Life's shadowy Lane I

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Bp Sbannon SDore.

By Rev. /.

FEW years ago, while visiting Ireland, I
found myself traversing the noble plains of
Ormond, which lie in Tipperary, between
the Keeper Mountains and the River Shannon.
At the southern' end of Lock Derg rise the Hills
of Arra, or Du-Arra as the peasants call them
from their dark and gloomy aspect. From their highest points
the whole of Ormonde is visible, and one evening while enjoying
all the beauties of the far stretching plain at our feet, I learned
many interesting particulars from my companion, an old school-
fellow. There before us lay the well tilled fields, the fruitful
orchards, the extensive woods of Ormonde. Far spreading lake
and towering mountain, green pastures and fertile slopes, — all
were there, forming a scene not easily forgotten. Never did
foot of hound or wing of bird flyover a fairer landscape.
Many a green slope and sheltered valley are dotted by a dis-
mantled • castle or an ivied abby. The lordly Keeper towers
over them all, the broad Shannon spreads out below them, both,
silent witnesses of their past glories and their present ruin.

From where we stand, a large wood may be seen in the far
distance towards Portumna, and on a fine day a white washed
coltage even may be noticed in the midst. Long ago in that cot-
tage livtd Richard Grace and his wife Mary. He was born there,
but his wife belonged to the Hills around us. He was a landed
proprietor on a small scale, owning and tilling his own comfort-
able farm.

They had been married many years before God blessed them
with any offspring. Then appeared little Garrett. and two years
Liter the storks brought baby Richard.

As the boys grew up the difference of years seemed gradually
to lesson, and when the elder was fifteen you could scarcely say
which had come first into the world.

Garrett was gentle, thoughtful and domestic, while Richard
was wayward, wild and impulsive. The elder seemed to partake
of his mother's refined and gentle nature, while Richard was
simply the peasant son of his father. Snaring rabbits in the
wood, coursing hares on the hills, fishing in the streams, or
boating on the Shannon were the simple enjoyments of their
childhood.

As they grew older Garrett seemed more and more thought-
ful, fo id of books and quietness, while Richard became more en-
amored of daring feats on the lake and of prolonged fowling over
the hills. He was often late in returning, but as he showed the
spoils of his wanderings he was always welcome.

When Garrett was sixteen the parents decided that their boys
should enjoy a few years of College life, both to finish their educa-
tion and to give them an opportunity of selecting their future
calling. They left home wilh man) sobs and tears, accompanied
on their way by their father and by the fond embraces and tears
of their kind and amiable mother. As the parents, were simple
and affectionate and the boys reproduced these qualities in dif-
ferent ways, it would be hard to determine whether the parents
or the boys felt the separation the more. But the parting had
to be made and both sides tried to endure the trial as best they
could.

Nearly four years were spent at school. Then both returned
home, and for a year or so nothing of importance occurred —
except that in their conduct the two boys continued to diverge
more and more. Their earlier characteristics were maturing.
Garrett was even more studious and reserved, and often spent
his days wandering through the woods.

Richard, much more brilliant in his studies, resumed many of
his earlier amusements, and added others not so harmless.
Frequently fowling and hunting on the hills, he also patronized
fairs and races, games and sports. Often returning at late hours
his mother remonstrated and quietly tried to withdraw him from
his idle ways. Repentance of a brief nature and the company
of his bother prevailed for a time, but slowly the more evil
influences seemed to succeed. Gradually the periods of his
absence increased, and no excuse or explanation was forthcom-
ing. Home became a cage, and a fast and wild life the rule.

L. Slattery.

It was the aist of June when Garrett Grace was twenty-two,
that he asked his mother to walk with him to an old circular
Danish Fort that lay at the farthest end of their farm. They
returned towards evening, silent and with moistened eyes. That
evening Mrs. Grace told her husband that Garrett had opened
his whole heart to her and had told her of his determination to
join some religious order. " And what Order does he purpose
joining ! The Jesuits ?" asked the father, as a choking sensa-
tion hindered his words. " No, the Trappists I" answered the
mother, sobbing like a child. Hand in hand, they sat on in the
little parlour, while the fountains of their sorrow flowed freely.
Not a word passed between them, except when Richard Grace
from time to time exclaimed in agony : — " The Trappists I"
They were roused from their stupefaction by the boisterous
laughter of Richard, who,with some companions, just then entered
the cottage. The father went to his room, but the mother wiping
her eyes went out to meet her wayward son and his idle associates.

The hospitalities of a true Irish home were generously prof-
fered and freely accepted, but the surroundings seemed depress-
ing and the visitors soon left. Richard was too much in touch
with his home not to see that something was astray. Garrett
had gone back to the wood, his father remained in his room
nursing his sorrow and he was now alone with his mother.
"What is wrong, mother, why are you fretting? For a moment
she made a brave effort to baffle him and to conceal her great
sorrow, but lier tears would flow, and her sobs would belie her.
At last, in a few bioken words, she told him all.

Perhaps I have dwelt too much on the weaker features of
Richard's character, for it is only just to say that he was of a
very affectionate disposition and in his own way was deeply
attached to his family. He felt the blow intensely and his better
nature at once asserted itself. •' Mother," he said, " it is all
my fault. Had I remained more at home Garrett would never
think of this."

Soon after, Garrett returned and the evening meal came on.
It was s.id and short, no one mentioning that of which all were
thinking. Servants wondered and whispered, but knew nothing.

Next day Richard called Garrett and they both went slowly
and silently towards the wood. There, with a burst of grief he
expostulated with Garrett, condemned himself a thousand times,
appealed to his affection for his parents, and pictured in the
gloomiest colours the life that Garrett was about to adopt. His
grief was too wild, his words too incoherent for reason, and Gar-
rett said little. Only at times would he say quietly, " It is for the
best." " God calls me ;" '• I have long since made up my mind."

The day wore on, and towards evening they returned home.
As they approached the house, they stood at a wicket and
Garrett solemnly placed his hand on his brother's shoulder.
" Richard" he said, " don'; blame yourself for this, though I
disapproved of your conduct it had no influence on me. For
years, even since boyhood, I yearned for a quiet life where I
could save my soul. At best there is little happiness in this life,
but those who deny and mortify themselves find the most.
Even thoughtful men among the pagans acknowledge this.
Next Monday I sail for France and I shall reach La Trappe
before the end of the month. I leave our dear parents to your
care. You have been a little foolish, but you are now their sole
reliance. They cannot live long, make the evening of their
lives as pleasant as you can. We shall not meet again — nay I
can not write, as the Trappist Rule supposes one to be dead to
the world ! Now cheer up and comfort our dearv parents when
I am gone.'1 Poor Richard was unable to speak but he sobbed
out the ever present conviction, " It is all my fault."

I shall attempt no description of Garrett's departure. The
heart broken parents, the repentant Richard, the desolate old
cottage, — all were parted with calmly and firmly. Garrett Grace
looked his last on the Plains of Ormonde, the beetling brow of
Keeper and the gloomy Hills of Du-Arra. Richard, sobbing or
sillent, remained alone to face the changed conditions of the old
homestead.

Silently onward still flowed the Shannon, while Garrett made

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

his way to France, and in due time reached La Trappe. He
joined the Community and devoted himself with all his heart to
the duties he had assumed. Perpetual silence, broken only by
the voice of prayer, or lecture, seemed hard at first, but in his
devotion to his duties he soon found himself entirely absorbed.
The great gates of the Monastery shut out from him all the
World, and the deep cowl of the Trappists shut him off even
from his companions around. Many a Trappist monk has never
once seen the face of one of his companions, and in this is ex-
emplified their idea of living alone with "God. This thought
peopled the deserts with holy hermits and filled many a vast
monastery with saintly recluses. Despising the world and its
ways they asked not for its approval, they cared not for its
censure.

For two years the novice was under training, and during that
time Garrett was entirely free and could leave without let or
hindrance. But the two years quickly passed and he loved his
solitude the more. He asked for permission and was allowed
to make his vows in perpetuity. There, prostrate, in the Choir
of the Monastery, in presence of all his brethren, he pledged
himself solemnly to persevere till death, as a Trappist monk. The
great Monastery bells tolled out their joyous peals, and the
monks sang their glad Te Dcnm as " Brother Ambrose" took
his place among their ranks.

Needless to follow his daily routine of life, the midnight office,
the long prayers, the scanty meals, the paltry couch — these are
so well known and so much alike in all severe monasteries that
they need only be mentioned.

Years pass by slowly, or swift, as our dispositions make them,
and well nigh twenty had the young Tipperary man lived as
Bro. Ambrose. Then the austere life began to tell on a frame
never very robust, and one after another his more severe duties
had to be renounced, and for many weeks he had been confined
to the infirmary.

The venerable Abbott came to see the sick Brother, and aston-
ished to find him so weak, he recommended him to receive the
last Sacraments. " There is no immediate danger Bro. Ambrose"
he said, "but I shall send you Father Dominic in the afternoon.
He is on the sick duty this week, and will anoint you. Farewel,
my beloved son, resign yourself to God's holy will, and we shall
meet in Heaven."

That afternoon found Father Dominic sitting by the dying
monk hearing his Confession. Soon the last Rites were finished
and the priest prepared to leave. "Good bye, Bro. Ambrose,"
he said, "I commend you into the hands of God, and I shall
not forget to offer Holy Mass for you. Can f be of any further
use to you ? Is there anything on your mind ?" " V'es, — as I
am dying— I fear — I am troubled about — my brother."

" Yes, yes, Bro. Ambrose ; what can I do ?"

" Perhaps, — it may be in your power — to advise him — to tell
him — that when I was dying — I wished him — to think of his
soul. He was wild — and thoughtless — and I fear he leads a
careless life. Ask him— in memory of our childhood — by the
Shannon — to remember his duty— to God."

" Oh, yes. I shall certainly do as you say. I shall ask the
Abbot to write to him. But, what is his address ; what is his
name ?"

"His name— is Richard Grace— he lives in Ireland,— in
Ormond — by the Shannon."

" What ! Was Richard Grace your brother ?"

" Yes— he was— my brother— God bless him."

The priest threw back his cowl, exposed his face, and cried
aloud—" Garrett, Garrett !"

"Oh, — oh, — Father Dominic — my brother — my brother

Richard I"

The two brothers embraced each other fondly, and each hold-
ing the others hands they looked long and lovingly into each
others eyes.

" My dear Bro. Ambrose,— my dear Garrett.— I left home
less than two years after yourself, and have been in this holy
house ever since. Our parents had both died, and blaming my-
self for your departure and their sorrows, I followed you to
La Trappe."

Noticing some change in the features of the dying monk, the
priest looked more closely, and found that he was addressing

only the body of his brother.

In the quiet but crowded cemetery of La Trappe rises A
modest cross, on which are engraved the name of " Brother
Ambrose," with his age and the date of his death. Not far
away is another, giving similar particulars of "Father Dominic."
Not a word is there to tell of their pathetic story, but in the
Annals of the Monastery are authentically given the particulars
here related.

And away in Ormonde, by the Shannon, the peasant mother,
gathering her little ones round her knee, teaching them to lisp
their evening prayer, encourages them to a life of virtue by re-
counting the story of the two holy brothers, who though sleeping
in far -La Trappe were born by the Shannon Shore.

Clx midnigM D)ass,

By Dun Carroll.

FROM lonely home and hall of luxury,

By ev'ry street, from alley lane and square ;

A multitude is moving peacefully,

In rev'rence, towards the temple on the hill.

Glad Youth, rejoicing in its strength is there, —
And Age, with hoary hair, yet sturdy hearted still.

Serene the night. Illumed with light of stars
The snow-clad hills look smilingly to heaven :

The joyous bells, with tongues of gladness flood
The midnight with a music sweetly given.

Far up the vale and farthei out to sea

Sweet chime on chime, it floats in swelling melody.

We cross the threshold. Panel, column and arch,

With light of thousand tapers gleam and glint I
A radiant splendour floods the stately church

From many a glowing lamp of varied tint.

The grand High Altar's form magnificent,
Our vision thrills with light and majesty.
The wonder of the Mighty Mystery

The hour commemorates, our spirits feel ; — •
In awe and love we low in adoration kneel.

And youth and beauty, sinner, saint and seer,
The city's throbbing life is gathered nc>w ;
The joy-lit heart, the sad and troubled brow.
All, all are kneeling hushed and silent here :
And prayer — the gold, the frankincense, the myrrh,

Of contrite hearts - ascends unto the Throne,
As soareth now the fragrant incense flung'
From censers sweet before the altar swung;

" O God 1 Our Father, teach, oh teach Thy own
Unworthy children e'er to love but Thee alone "

And hark ! It swells again, the song that rolled
Above Judea's loftiest mountain height
And thrilled the lowly watchers on that night

When angel hosts proclaimed that He of old,

By prophet-bard and kingly seer foretold.

The King of Kings was born ; that sin-lost Earth
That day had known its long expected Saviour's birth/

And " Glory, glory, glory unto God

And Peace on earth to men," is ringing clear.

Our souls are lifted by the midnight song

To heights that lead us nearer and more near

To Him, our Infant Saviour fondly press'd,

In Bethlehem's lone hut, to Mary's virgin breast,

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

nciufoundland nainc=Corc.

By Most Rev. M. F. Howley, D.D.

XIII.

HAVE received some very interesting notes
from the Venerable Canon Smith, of Portugal
Cove, in relation to the names of places in
the neighbourhood of King's Cove. " About two
miles south of King's Cove, there is a small cove
named

ROLLING COVE.

This is a most interesting name. It is quite poetic and descrip-
tive. In stormy weather the huge waves roll in on the beach
from the wide Atlantic, breaking in immense " rollers," as the
fishermen call them, with a deep rumbling sound. The name
is onomatopoeic or sound-suggesting, like Homer's Poluphloisboio
Thalasses (I presume you have no Greek type). This phrase
has been so beautifully rendered by Longfellow as " The
deep-mouthed neighboring ocean," that we forgive him the
plagiarism.

'• Fifty years ago," writes Canon Smith, " the women of King's
Cove were accustomed to get sand from this cove to strew
upon their kitchen floors. In winter they used saw-dust, which
was gathered from a place nearby named

STOCK COVE.

This is also an interesting name. It is so called from the saw
ing of logs, called among the people by the old English name
of " stocks." These stocks were sawn in the old " saw-pits," an
institution and an industry now fast going out of use, owing first
to the fact that all good saw stocks are now cut out for many
miles from the shore, and secondly from the establishment of so
many large saw mills all over the country. As late as forty years
ago fishermen spoke of their winter work as having cut so many
" stocks." The Revd. Canon suggests, and I agree with him, that
this word may be the origin of the name of

PIPER STOCK HILL,

near Torbay. " The place where the piper lodged the result of
his winter's work, ... or may be a convivial piper when
returning from Town, mounted on a pile of stocks, played for
the delectation of his companions." It may be remembered
that when I published, some few years ago, some extracts from
the Registers of the Church of England, of this city, one of the
entries was as follows :

" 1785. — Buried, Quack, the piper, June 26," so that the idea
is not so far fetched as might at first appear.

Not far from King's Cove is a small Cove called

SAINT CROIX,

or Sand Cross. Canon Smith says of it: " * * * Perhaps the
sign of our Redemption stood there long ago to mark the, spot
where either a traveller had died, or more probably some
drowned mariners had been buried." It may be remarked that
the name of St. Croix, as a family name, exists to the present
day at St. Mary's.

"On the south side of Keels (I am still quoting from Canon
Smith) is Keel's Harbor, where alone craft can take in or dis-
charge cargo. . . . This place has a narrow entrance,
and is surrounded by high cliffs, that have something of a
castellated appearance, hence its name,

CASTLE COVE.

There is no other name of any historical or antiquarian im-
portance until we come to Cape Bonavista, and as I consider
that name too important to be treated of at the end of an article,
I reserve it for next number.

+ M. F. H.

HOLYROOD, CONCEPTION BAY.

ClK Christmas Spirit.— Nearer and closer to our hearts be the Christmas
Spirit, which is the spirit of active usefulness, perseverances, cheerful dis-
charge of duty, kindness and forbearance ! It is in the last virtues especi-
ally, that we are, or should be, strengthened by the unaccomplished visions
of our youth ; for, who shall say that they are not our teachers to deal
gently even with the impalpable nothings of the earth !

Therefore, as we glow older, let us be more thankful that the circle of
our Christmas associations and of the lessons that they bring, expand I Let
us welcome every one of them, and summon them to take their places by
the Christmas hearth. — Dickens.

Chrisimas Cimc in Ireland.

AT Christmas-time in Ireland how the holly branches twine

In stately hall and cabin old and gray !
And red among the leaves the holly-berries brightly shine,

At Christmas-time in Ireland far away.
And blighter than the berries are the kindly Irish eyes,

And cheery are the greetings of the day, —
The greetings and the blessings from the Irish hearts that rise

At Christmas-time in Ireland far away !

At Christmas-time in Ireland you can hear the chapel bell

A-calling ere the dawning of the day,
You can see the people thronging over field and over fell,

To the " early Mass" in Ireland far away ;
And saintly are the soggarlhs that before the altars stand,

And faithful are the flocks that kneel and pray —
Ah, surely God must show'r His choicest blessings on the land

At Christmas-time in Ireland far away I

At Christmas-time in Ireland there is feasting, there is song,

And merrily the fife and fiddle play.
And lightly dance the colleens and the boys the evening long,

At Christmas-time in Ireland far away.

There is light and there is laughter, there is music, there is mirth,
And lovers speak as only lovers may, —
Ah, there is nothing half so sweet in any land on earth
As Christmas-time in Ireland far away !

At Christmas-time in Ireland there is sorrow, too, for those

Who scattered far in exile sadly stray,
And many a tear in silence for a friend beloved flows

At Christmas-time in Ireland far away;
But still amid the grieving is a hope to banish fears,

That God will send them safely back some day,
To kno'w again the happiness that long ago was theirs

At Christmas-time in Ireland far away I

—Denis A. McCarthy.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

J\ Single tear

from tlx Past Bistorp of Portugal Cowc.

By Rev. Canon Smith, R. D. of Avalon.

ITT HE telling of stories round the Yule-log, has
J I \ been for ages a favourite Christinas past-
1 time. Ghost stories, and stories of thrilling
adventure have held honoured place on such oc-
casions. Love stories, too, have ever been held
in high estimation, and much sought after at
Christinas. The story that I have to tell is one of Love, but it
has a most pathetic ending. The story is brief, but true in every
particular. When I came to the charge of the Portugal Cove
Mission, twenty years ago, there were then living quite a number
of old people in the Parish who remembered well the lovers
who figure in the story I am about to tell, and it is from their
lips that I have heard it. The lady being a native of Portugal
Cove was especially well known to those old people, who, as
young people, were her contemporaries. Here is the story.

In the early part of the year of our Lord. icS23, there lived at
Portugal Cove a young lady famed throughout St. John's and the
whole of Conception Hay for her exceedingly great beauty. New-
foundland ladies are, and ever have been, justly famed for their
beauty, but this young lady appears in this respect to have
eclipsed all of the gentle sex of her day. From the testimony 1
have heard borne to her character by those who knew her well,
she appears to have been — what is far better than possessing
mere beauty of countenance and person — quite as good ,is she
was beautiful. The wise man saith — •' Favour is deceitful, and
beauty is vain ; but a woman that feareth the Lord, she shall
be praised."

In her end this young lady showed that in her life she feared
God and tried to serve him. Women, as well as men. seem to
•have been fascinated by her beauty. Indeed she appears to
have had as man)- devoted admirers among her own as among
the sterner sex. Seventy-five years after her death I. myself,
have known old women here become enthusiastic in speaking of
her beauty. One dear old soul, who died here only about three
years ago and was nearly one hundred years old at the time of
her death, tbld me that the best description she had ever heard
of this young lady's beauty fell short of the reality. You had
to see her yourself to comprehend in any way how entrancing!)'
beautiful she really was. Hers was no doll's face. She had a
most expressive countenance that fascinated all beholders.
When you saw her (so said this old lady) your gaze became
fixed upon her countenance, so attractive was she in appearance.
Her voice, too, was sweet in keeping with her beauty of person,
it was musical and ravishingly sweet.

This young lady's Christian name was Tryphena, and she
was known far and wide, and is spoken of to this day. by the

descendants of those who knew her, as " Pretty Pheeny — ."

She had hundreds of admirers among the male sex, and many
suitors for her hand. Had she chosen she could have married
into a high station of life and been endowed with much earthly
goods. But only one suitor found favor in her sight; he. Mr.
— , was in her own station of life and conducted a flout ishiiig
business at Brigus, Conception Bay. He is said to have b-en a
handsome man, honest and upright in conduct, and amiable in
manner. They were devoted lovers. In March, 1823. their
earthly happiness was to have been consummated by their mar-
riage at Portugal Cove. But the Dread Being in Whose Hands
alone lieth the power of life and death, and Wh-ise ways are
unsearchable by human understanding, had in His wisdom
ordered otherwise.

On the Friday of the week previous to that on uhir-h she wis
to have been married, Miss - - was stricken by rxphoid fever
Medical aid was summoned from St. John's, but all' human help
was unavailing. The Master had come and called for His
servant, and she must perforce rise up, and leaving all of earth
follow Him. She grew rapidly worse, and on Sunday evening
her eyelids closed in death. Up to a few hours before her Heath
she was perfectly conscious that her end was near, and able to

converse with those around her dying bed. She expressed her'-'
self as having full trust in God's mercy through Christ for her
soul, and her perfect resignation to His will.

No pen can adequately describe the grief of her parents at
her decease, and indeed of everyone who knew her, for she was
greatly beloved by all, high and low, rich and poor.

At that time there was no consecrated burial ground at Pur-

tugal Cove, therefore Miss was interred in a quiet spot,

then shaded by trees, in her father's garden.

The garden and trees have long since disappeared, but the
place of sepulture is railed off by a picket fence. A head stone
cut in England stands at the head of her grave, on which,
barely legible now, are inscribed her name, age, date of death,
and some poetry to her memory. She was buried on the same
day and at the same hour at which she was to have been mar^
ried, had God spared her. Crowds attended her funeral, and
not a dry eye was seen among any then present ; they " carried
her to her burial and made great lamentation over her."

And now, for a while let us return to notice of her intended
husband. There was then no telegraph in Newfoundland, and
hardly even a weekly communication between Portugal Cove
and the towns at the head of the Bays. On the Monday morn-
ing, altogether ignorant of his betrothed's illness, much less of
her death, the intended bridegroom left his house at Brigus full
of the happiest anticipations of his. as he thought, approaching
bliss. He travelled towards Portugal Cove on horseback by a
" bridle path" which led around Conception Hay. His saddle
bags were stuffed to bursting point with presents for his intend-
ed bride and her bridesmaids. He whiled away the tedium
of the journey with happy song. On the very morning of Miss
— 's funeral he reached S. Philip's (Broad Cove), all ignorant
of the terrible news that awaited him there. Friends there
broke it to him as gently as they could, but it simply over-
whelmed him. The terrible news struck the poor fellow like a
bolt from heaven. He was stricken to the heart. He would
not go on to Portugal Cove, but remounting his horse he return-
ed at once to his, tor him henceforth, desolate home at Brigus.

On arriving at Brigus he at once took to his bed, and never again
rose therefrom, — for shortly afterwards he died of a broken heart.

The light that comes to us from the manger Throne at
Bethlehem, revealing to us as it does Incarnate God, Who can
sympathise with our sorrows, and feels for our infirmities, and
Who is the Resurrection and the Life — can alone brighten this
otherwise sad romance of real life.

AT GRAND POND. " The sta-tled
on the further shore."— Anon.

d, hard pressed, seeking sanctuary

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY,

fl feu) Seasonable Reflections.

By A. A. Parsons.

I STOOD on a tower in the wet,

And New Year and Old Year met,

And winds were roaring and blowing:

And I said: " O years that meet in tears,

Have ye aught that is worth the knowing ?

Science enough and exploring,

Wanderers coming and going,

Matters enough for deploring,

But aught that is worth the knowing ?"

Seas at my feet were flowing,

Waves on the shingle pouring,

Old Year roaring and blowing,

And New Year blowing and roaring. — Tennyson.

HE late Judge Pinsent, whenever asked to
contribute to a Christmas Number or other
local publication, would almost invariably
reply : " Shall I write about the French Shore
question ?" He was nearly as fond of that subject
as the present genial Judv;e Prowse, who still
seems to have a hankering after it, notwithstanding the fact that
the whole question has been officially and forever settled. But,
speaking of Sir Robert Pinsent: I remember the last time I
called on him for a Christmas contribution. He was seated in
a comfortable chair near the fire, absorbed in the pages of
Dumas' " Three Guardsmen." As I entered he looked up and
greeted me in that peculiar official manner of his which seemed
to fit him so perfectly for the Supreme Bench. While he held
out his hand, I looked at the book he had just laid aside and
smiled, perhaps a little suggestively. Any way, he caught my
meaning in a moment and remarked, good naturedly : " You
smile at finding me reading a book like that !" "Yes," I said.
" because I expected to see you differently employed ; for in-
stance, either critically examining the latest- edition of our
' Consolidated Statutes,' or ' writing a Judgment ' on one of the
more important cases recently decided by you." "Do you
know," he rejoined, " I find it a great relief, after a busy and
prolonged sitting in Court, to spend a few hours with a clever
author like that F'renchman. There are times at night when
light mental food is necessary to enable us to properly digest
the heavy accumulations of the day. It clears the intellectual
atmosphere, so to speak."

Then we be^an to cast about for a peg on which to hang the
new Christmas article ; and this we did for some time with indif-
ferent success. I suggested two or three subjects; but not one
of them seemed to merit his approval. At last he observed,
tapping the table, at the same time, with the index finger of his
left hand : " I'll tell you what I'll do : I'll write you an article-
on the ' Past, Present and Future of Newfoundland.' " I thanked
the Judge, went home and patiently awaited the promised
contribution. Did I get it ? Yes, I did ; but not in time for
publication. It reached me the day before Christmas, and when
lie saw that it did not appear, he requested me to return the
manusciipt, which I did,' together with a note expressive of the
regret I telt on being obliged to go to press without it. How-
ever, I afterwards discovered that the learned Judge had turned
the article to good account by extending it to the proportions of
a lecture and delivering it before a large and appreciative audi-
ence in the Athenaeum Hall. But all this en passant. It is not
my intention now to write a biography of Sir Robert Pinsent ;
nor is it necessary that I should. Judge Prowse and other warm
friends of the deceased jurist have long ago laid their literary
tributes upon his bier and duly honored the memory of one of
the most distinguished occupants of our Supreme Bench.

Metaphorically speaking, what I want to do here is to get the
re.iders of the QUARTERLY in near the Yule-log, right under the
holly and mistletoe, and make them really feel that " this 'is
Christmas." But one feels so timid in writing for the first time
to a paper whose talented contributors stand so high in the
world of literature as do those of the NEWFOUNDLAND QUAR-
TERLY. Why, its roll of honor embraces archbishops, bishops,
archdeacons, canons, curates, doctors of divinity, and all the
other degrees and varieties of our universally-respected clerical

persuasion ; not to speak of our legal and medical professions.
What a brilliant galaxy of literary stars you have twinkling upon
your pages, to be sure ! But my space is too limited to dwell
upon the portraits and productions of the QUARTERLY'S able
staff of writers. They are already so well known and appreciated
that they need no mention here.

By the way, in the Old Country, I notice, publishers are now
complaining of the paucity of really good writers in the realm of
fact as well as fiction. This, I think, can easily be accounted
for. To-day literature is checked by the peculiar state of
society — puritanism, hypocrisy and timidity pervading nine out
of every ten books. This is because authors in our utilitarian
age prefer gold to glory, the wind-bag of present popularity to
future fame. One glorious triumph for literature in the future
will be the adoption of a universal language. A French author
has calculated that in a hundred years 860,000,000 persons
will speak the Fnglish language, 120,000,000 German, and 69,-
000,000 French. When things come to this pass, the necessity
for a universal language will lie more and more apparent, and
English, on account of its richness, power and expression, and
growing use, may, with confidence, be pointed out as the ulti-
mately chosen one. The arts, which to-day do not flourish
because other interests than religion and patriotism predominate
in the world, will, as soon as the political and social freedom of
nations have been secured, be gloriously accelerated, and men
will return with boundless enthusiasm to the pursuit of them, as
they are doing in Japan and Egypt today.

But social miserv must first be alleviated, and the actual wants
of mankind be satisfied before they can be expected to prove
that beauty, truth and goodness are not obsolete, but "spring
eternal in the human breast." Thus the material and ideal in
nature will be opened once more to them, and the arts, which
depend strictly on these, will correspondingly flourish. One
might carry on indefinitely in this strain, but I forbear. I shall
probably (with the QUARTERLY'S permission) have another
chance of falling back on it before the year that is coming melts
away into the year that is bidding us farewell. May it carry
thee gently forward, good reader, whoever thou art, on Time's
flowing stream towards that shoreless ocean where all the years
are gone. But

" Not in vain the distance beacons. Forward, forward let us range,
I, t-t the great world spin forever down the ringing grooves of change."

" A deer was wont to feed."

• * * * *

•' White were her feet, her forehead showed

A spot of silvery white
That teemed to glimmer like a star

In Autumn's hazy night." — IV. Cullen Bryant.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Christmas Reflections. «*

By Rev. A. W. Lewis, B.A., B.D.

fSl
2

^""^

Ik. HRISTMAS REFLECTIONS !" Let us the
rather say, CHRISTMAS RAYS. In these
days we hear much of the Finsen Rays,
Cathode Rays, Roentgen Rays, Becquerel
Rays, and what-not. But the Christmas Rays excel, as light
outrivals darkness, as love excels force, as spirit transcends
matter. These Rays can be seen by all. These Rays shine for
all. These Rays heal all, to a degree, in body, mind, and spirit.
It was the sheen of that light, coming into the world, that shone
about the Shepherds of Bethlehem. The Christmas Rays are
the scintillations of the very life of the great-hearted God, Who
is light. Let us now allow some of these Rays, flashing forth
in Revelation, to pass through the prism of our mind. P'aint
gleams of the spectrum will fall upon this printed page. Yes.
These will be "CHRISTMAS REFLECTIONS."

Christmas! Behold its BRILLIANCY! It sparkles with
the Radiancy Divine. It is the most joyous day of the Christian
Year. In the orange seed lies, wonderfully enfolded, the hidden
beginnings of that life which develops into the tree, with its
glory of bridal blossoms and golden fruit. So in the fact of
which Christmas is ever reminding us there lay the unseen
potentialities of the Tree of Life, now beginning to bloom in our
little earth, whose " golden age" will shortly dawn.

A fact ! Thank God, it is a FACT. Our birth-days are an-
niversaries of a fact, a vital fact to us. Christinas is the anni-
versary of the fact of Jesus, the God-man, a vital fact to us and
to every child of woman born. It is fact we want. The pre-
sent age takes little interest in the speculations of man. How-
ever beautiful they may be, they are like the mirage in the hot,
dry desert, that is bleaching the bones of myriads so deceived.
The sin-sick soul of man cries out for truth, for fact. Let the
atheist scoff, and the infidel laugh us to scorn, and the wise critic
smile a knowing smile, we care not. They cannot touch the
fact of Christ. Upon this fact of God our souls rest in peace.
May each reader so receive this fact that we can say with a sure
confidence, " Requiescat in pace"

A MYSTERIOUS fact. Who can understand the Incarna-
tion ? Some may think they do. The wise know they but

glean a few small handfuls an infinitely wise God has let fall for
them.

" The first-born sons of light
Desire in vain its depths to see ;
They cannot reach the mystery,
The length and breadth and height."

Yet mystery does not weaken fact. All beginnings are mysterious.
Of all kinds of life we must say, with bowed head, " IN THE
BEGINNING GOD." No one can explain how the plant life is
united with the starch of the seed. How much greater is our
ignorance when we stand face to face with the truth of '• God
manifest in the flesh !" Yet this does not alter the fact. You
cannot tell how the life is united with the body, but you believe
in the body's life, which develops the body and preserves the
body. All that are permitted to be " at large" believe in the
fact of their birth, though our life is a mystery. How is the
soul united with the body ? You cannot say ; yet all, except
the " missing links" unrecognized, believe that man has a soul
apart from the life of the body. So Christmas reminds us of
the unexplained fact of THE UNION OF THE HUMAN AND THE
DIVINE in Jesus of Nazareth, the Christ of God.

THE SON OF GOD BECAME THE SON OF MAN ; but how can
that enable the sons of men to become the sons of God ? How ?
This does not concern us. We do not need to know how the

seed transforms the mineral earth into the growing bush, with
its thorns and bright leaves and fragrant blooms of surpassing
loveliness. If we knew the philosophy of its development the
rose could not be the sweeter. The Incarnation has proved its
power to transform human life, as the water gushing up through
the dry, glowing sands, makes the desert blossom as the rose.
See the fruits of Christmas ! Picture Central Africa, with its
degradation, made by the Slave Trade " confusion worse con-
founded" ; and then try to get a bird's eye view of Christian
Lands. Why the contrast ? Christmas explains. It is the
INCARNATION WRITTEN IN LARGE, IRIDESCENT LETTERS.

The Christmas Rays spell out the same truth in millions of
microcosms. THE INCARNATION GLOWS IN THE HUMAN LIFE.
Consider yonder man. Yesterday his life was dark, black. His
deeds were of the dark. His desires and passions marked him
of the darkness dense. The future had no rays of light, but fell
about him like a pall of a " horror of great darkness." For him
there was no God above, no heart within. To-day — ah, who is
this ? It is the same and yet not the same. With beaming face
and sparkling eye he answers our questioning gaze, " Whereas
I was blind, now I see." The night-mare of the past rolls away
like a dark cloud, driven far to sea by wind invisible. Light
enshrouds him, and better still shines into his heart, illumining
his whole life. He hates the ways of darkness ; and a strange,
new love is springing up for the pure things and the noble things
that yesterday he scorned. He shrinks from looking backward,
but ever gazes upon the light that is streaming over the heights,
and slowly growing brighter and more glorious. Millions like
this one can say, " Our citizenship is in heaven ; whence also
we wait for a Saviour, the Lord Jesus Christ : Who shall fashion
anew the body of our humiliation, that it may be conformed to
the body of His glory."

Christmas calls up memories of " good things" to every one in
Christian Homes. To the child and to the animal-like man or
woman the Holy Season means little else than the gratification
of the flesh. Many know Christmas-tide as "the ass his master's
crib." The best and wisest rejoice in the gifts that flutter from
hand to hand, " from the river unto the ends of the earth" on
that clay of days. We all should receive with gratitude and
delight the pleasant things which God moves others to give us.
They come from God's heart to us, His wayward children.

Gifts are valuable mainly for the thought that gave them, for
the love they bring. All the gifts of earthly friends speak to us
of God's greatest gift, on the first Chiistmas Morning. It will
take all eternity for us to learn the greatness of the Gift. How
much it meant to God ! How much it means to us ! It is the
only possible remedy for human misery and degradation. It
will be the great glory of God that he will have far more than
effaced the evil wrought by Satan. Man shall be far higher and
greater than if sin had not entered the world. Where sin abounds
there will grace much more abound. Yet Christmas means more
than this unspeakable gift. Its greatest value is in the motive
that prompted the gift. The Divine Love stooped to share "the
ills that flesh is heir to," that man might share the Divine Life.
The gift of a Mother, however small, touches the heart, because
it voices the Mother-love. The boundless love of God, that
sparkles in the rippled life of our Christmas-tide, is the only-
power that can soften hearts of stone and make dead souls throb
with joyous life. This is the love, more tender than a Mother's,
that awakes an answering echo in our hearts. The faintest
Rays of Christmas give us some hint of the world's great
dynamic. As we rejoice in this true joy of Christmas-tide, the
love of which it speaks will prove a perpetual joy, and we shall
share the power of God in prevailing with our fellow men. Love
is the light of Christmas ; God's love the light of the world.

" O Love, that will not let me go,

I rest my weary soul in Thee ;
I give Thee back the life I owe,
That in Thine ocean depths its flow

May richer, fuller be."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Christmas Reminiscences.

By Rev. Charles Leuch.

WHEN requested to write something for the
NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY on the sub-
ject of " Xmas Reminiscences," I tried to

recall some item of interest from my somewhat

monotonous outport experiences of the world's

great festive and popular holiday.

I was about to give it up when the thought occurred to me, —
if you cannot write in a humorous strain, write for those who
may be passing through sorrow at this Christmas time. With
this, my mind carried me back, twenty years; to the early days
of my Newfoundland pilgrimage.

In those days I would wander in imagination to the old land,
and fancy would picture for me the members of the family
gathering around the Christmas fire. How the old folks would
refer to the " missing link" in that family gathering I Time
passed on and the "old folks" were gone to a better home and
laid to rest in God's acre. Christmas has its sad as well as
gladsome memories, and while most subscribers to Christmas
numbers prefer the sunny side, yet to pastors of Christ's flock,
the festive season of the Wonderful Child who came to bring
peace on earth and good will to men ; there are various causes
which tend to turn the thoughts into other channels than those of
innocent mirth and happiness, to sympathize with the bereaved
and sorrowing, for the loss of the head of a family or the cherub
who filled the household with its innocent prattles. At this
happy season how many will be passing through the vale of
tears and

" Sigh for the touch of a vanished hand,

And the sound of a voice that is still."

It was Christmas week of 1885, but the travelling preacher
had spent his two Sundays at head-quarters and must move on
to his numerous appointments, entailing a journey of sixty miles
to and from the extern fishing village of the Mission. We had
called at Garia, where the kind-hearted people were always glad
to welcome " The Monthly Visitor." Uy Christmas Day we
were fifteen miles farther east, and had arranged to make the
best of the world's holiday at Grand Bruit, named by the French,
probably from its beautiful waterfall. We preached in the morn-
ing and planned to have an enjoyable time in the afternoon, by
-singing and talking lo the fisher-folk of other lands, and doings
of other people at Christmas time. As the neighbours were
gathering to Skipper Sam's Cottage, a fishing boat rounded the
point of the harbor. What could be the business of those
strangers at that holiday season ?

On landing they soon explained that an accident had occurred
by which a young man had lost his life, and the friends had

sent for the minister to come to them in their hour of trouble.
We started for Garia with little delay, and by the time we
reached the house of mourning, after fifteen miles in a small
fishing boat on a cold winter's day. the evening had closed in
upon us. But how shall we describe the scene we witnessed in
that sorrow-stricken fisherman's dwelling ?

At early morn of December 24th, a father and two sons left
home in a fishing punt for a distant settlement at the head of
the bay. They decided to leave the. eldest son on an island,
where lie must spend the day watching for seals to make their
appearance. For his comfort and convenience a gaze had been
built of stones, to answer for warmth and shelter. Some two or
three hours later another boat left Garia, containing two fisher-
men, with the object of visiting the aforementioned island, on
the same business of securing seals. They never stopped to
think that others could be before them, and as no boat was
hauled up in the land-wash, they concluded they were first in
order that day. On landing they hauled up their boat, shouldered
their guns and started around the island in opposite directions.
Soon after came the report of a gun, followed shortly by a scream
of tenor. The young man asserted that he heard a noise in
the direction of the gaze, and seeing a fur cap at once concluded
that it was the head of a water-bear, and taking deliberate aim
he put the load into the object. Instantaneous death was the
result, and when the father and son returned to the island, they
found the poor lad cold in death. It was Christmas eve when they
landed at their stage head with the body of poor Wm. Smith, and
the world's great festival was no happy day for that sorrow-
stricken family. I shall never forget the grief of that house-
hold, especially the broken-hearted parents, and the neighbours
of that sorrow-stricken hamlet. We found it hard to get away
from the place of \veeping where we tarried for several days.

Magistrate S , of C , came on a mission of investigation,

and finding it to be a case of pure carelessness, forbade the
young man using a gun for five years. This is by no means a
solitaiy case of death emanating from the careless use of fire-
arms in this Colony. Too often has death resulted from indis-
cretion, and gloom and sadness been self-inflicted that could
easily have been avoided.

How many homes in St. John's and immediate neighbour-
hoods will be still ei ing this Christmas time through the victims
of the traffic in strong drink during the past year ? If a " Merry
Christmas" cannot be secured without the social glass, that
brings ruin and rrrsery and domestic infelicity and sorrow, then
we will change the expression, and wish the readers of THE
NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY — A Very Happy Christmas.

" I care not, I, to fish in seas —

Fresh rivers best my mind do please,

Whose sweet calm course I contemplate,
And seek in life to imitate."

— The Angler's Song.

THE MIDDLE POOL, UPPER SALMONIER RIVER.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

neiofoundland postal Spstcm.

By Wm. Campbell.

tHE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY has recorded in its
pages many interesting truths concerning matters of
public interest, therefore a few facts respecting the
much abused Postal System will, I am sure, interest
its readers. My connection with the Post Office hardly
numbers a score of years, but from its records I have
been able to compare its activities previous to my
connection with it.

History records that in 1805, just a century ago, the first
Post Office was established in Newfoundland. Its operations
at first were of course insignificant, and until the system of
handling mail matter was modernized by Inspector Hawkins
from Ottawa much unnecessary work was performed by the
officials. There were no Travelling Post Office ill those days;
letters from harbor to harbor passed through the place where
addressed on their way to St. John's, where the sealed bags
from the different Post. Offices were opened and the contents
assorted, and later returned to their destination. To have a
letter recorded or registered was a very great undertaking and
necessitated much entering of address on forms of different
coloured papers, fastening with wax and sealing. Money Orders
were unknown, and all Parcels came as freight. There being
no house to house delivery of mail matter the work of the staff
at the old Post Office must have been manifold, and the many
anxious and persistent enquiries for letters that never came did
not tend to the answer being " the soft word which turneth away
wrath."

The opening of the Railway line to Harbor Grace and the
placing of mail clerks on that line, and on the Coastal Steamers
North, West and Labrador, who transacted the business of a
Post Office, in specially fitted compartments, enabled letters to
be sent and answered from place to place without having to come
into St. John's. The registering of letters was made a much
less difficult undertaking, and the inauguration of the Money
Order and Parcel Post branches were great helps to the suc-
cessful transaction of business by post.

There being, until recently, no Banks outside St. John's the
transmission of money from place to place was only possible by
means of the Registration and Money Order System, and up to
the present, with a few exceptions, the Outport Post Offices con-
duct the whole financial business of the community.

Of the two million letters handled by the Post Office Depart-
ment last year, a very small percentage of them were reported
as delayed or lost, and the fact that those missing may have
been lost or delayed before receipt at or delivery from the Post
Office seems not to occur to the critics of post office methods.

There is now more mail matter landed by the steamer Bruce
at Port-aux-Basques, per trip, three times each week — that is
two days mail — than arrived once a fortnight twelve years ago
when brought from Halifax to St. John's by the Red Cross line
steamers. Only the mail matter for St. John's and its suburbs,
about one-tenth of the whole, reaches the General Post Office ;
the remainder being despatched from Bruce and Train by the
Mail Clerks en route. A constant stream of mail bags are thrust
out from the mail cars to the intermediate offices, and to Bay
and Coastal Steamers from each of the Express Trains from
Port-aux-Basques. The St. John's city letters and papers are
also assorted into sections, so' that reasserting of them by the
staff at the General Post Office is not necessary. Carriers for
the extreme East or West sections of the city, fo'r instance, may
obtain the bundle of letters and papers for the ward served by
them at once as it comes into the office from the train with the
number of his district marked upon the wrapper. The clerk in
the General Post Office tabled off to attend to the placing of
mail matter into the section of rented mail boxes, situated on
the East, West or Central side of the office, may at once obtain
the mail matter for his section, which also comes into the office
divided and labelled with the number of the box section served

by him. In this way there is no delay, and less than half an hour
after arrival of trains the box holders may obtain all of their
letters, and in half an hour their newspapers. This is a record
that any post office may well feel proud of. The mail from trains
and steamers coming into the cities in Canada and the United
States go into the offices unassorted, there to be sub-divided,
and thereby delayed for hours before being ready for delivery.
Time was in St. John's when letters placed into boxes remained
there uncalled for for days, but competition in trade is now so
great that messengers from the same firm cross one other on the
way to the General Post Office for their letters.

The Registered Letters also are recorded by the Railway
Mail Clerks; three copies, by carbon, of the addresses of those
for St. John's being made out, one copy being retained by the
clerk, the second being for the St. John's office, and the third is
the form of receipt presented for signature with the letter It is
not unusual for the clerks to have five and six hundred such
letters each trip, many of them being packages of money. If
you think it is easy to make the necessary entries for these, try
writing when next you take a trip by lail and be convinced.

The unpaid or short prepaid matter which come frequently
from the United States causes much delay in carriers delivery,
as the amount of money to be collected on each has to be com-
puted and charged to the carrier responsible for its delivery.
This also is a matter which the Canadian and American offices
have not to the same extent to contend with. The Universal
Penny Postage scheme will be the cure for this.

It has so often been stated that many registered letters are
lost during transit that it would seem to be for some reason that
an effert to discredit the Registration, of letters was purposely
made, the loss of an unregistered letter, alleged to have been
mailed, being mad.e to appear to have been a registered letter.
The fact that out of over one hundred thousand registered letters
handled by the Newfoundland Post Office officials last year two
only were lost — the amount of contents being made good by the
Department — should go far to alleviate the minds of any who
may have doubts of its safety. More than half of the above
large number of registered articles were really packages of coin.

The advantages of the Money Order System are very largely
availed of by the great number of our people who leave New-
foundland for Canada and the United States for parts of each
year.

By the courtesy of the Canadian Post Office Department and
the Bank of Montreal, the services of the Postmaster at Sydney,
and of the branch of the Bank at the same place has been put
at the disposal of the Post Office of Newfoundland, and the
advices of all Money Orders issued in American and Canadian
cities for places in Newfoundland are sent to the Post Master
at Sydtvey who obtains from the Bank there the necessary funds
and sends it by Registered mail direct to the offices on which
the orders are drawn. Thousands of dollars from our roving
population, who spend many days of each year away from home,
is transmitted in this way, and the work performed by the Post
Master at Sydney, for the benefit of our people is well worth
the $50 allowed him by the Government. To appreciate the
present system, however, we have to' contrast it with the former
method, when the money to pay an order issued at Sydney or
New York would have to be sent from St. John's, necessitating
a delay of weeks after the orders themselves had reached the
owners, but which the Post Mister was unable to cash until he
later received the money from St. John's.

With a few exceptions people in the outports are compelled
to use the Post Office to transmit money to the Banks or else-
where, therefore the establishing of a Postal Savings Bank
Branch will be one of the earliest improvements in the service
that may be expected. In no part of the world is there greater
need of Savings Banks than in Newfoundland. Our people are
blessed at certain seasons with abundance, but the many alluring
devices to obtain their money increases day by day. The news-
papers which reach them are full of "get rich quick" ads., and

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

the records of the Dead Letter Branch show that many dollars
sent to Foreign firms must be lost for ever to the senders, as
only a small proportion of those sent can be discovered in time.
Many are returned to the senders when it is ascertained that
the addressees are conducting a fraudulent business.

The Parcel Post mails are weighty with patent medicines,
ordered by healthy people convinced of illness, and for which
they have expended their, hard earned dollars, hence the need
of establishing Postal Savings Banks in every settlement to care
for the surplus earnings of our people. Many of the Outport
Post Offices have been made Telegraph Offices, and with the
Savings Bank Branch added, and later the long distance Tele-
phone connection, we may consider ourselves up-to-date.

There is no branch of the Civil Service that so comes into
contact with all classes of the community as the Post Office.
Any improvement in its methods, or increase of its facilities, is
for the benefit of all. and judging from the past it has a great
future for usefulness ahead of it.

There are many who think that the European mails for North
America will soon cross Newfoundland by rail and through the
Gulf by tunnel. Possibly, later, mails will be forwarded by
air ships. The reindeer will take the place of the dog for haul-
ing mails in winter, and the motor car will take the place of the
old mail waggon. Free house to house delivery of mail matter
in the outports will take the place of the present unsatisfactory
method of leaving letters in offices until called for. St. John's,
which is so rapidly growing in population, will require a Mail
Delivery Office in the East End; for why should the residents
there be obliged to come up to the General Post Office to obtain
the contents of the letter boxes ? The bags of mail for this box
section could, by an extra swing of the arm of the Railway Mail
Clerks, be placed into other bags and go to the East End Post
Office direct from the Train. We may also hope to see the
mails transferred from the Railway Station to the General Post
Office -and its branches underground by Tubes as in some of the
large cities in America instead of by waggon. All Post Offices
will do Telegraph and Savings Bank business, and will also per-
mit Telephone conversations with subscribers hundreds of miles
distant.

It is not necessary to have the gift of Prophecy to see these
improvements; ordinary observation and the lessons of history
are sufficient to help us anticipate them.

First eucbarist

In tlx Restored Catlxdral, Si. inaiibeiu's Dap, 1905.

THE Prelate hath pronounced in Jesus' Name

The words of Consecration, and before

This Mystery we silently adore:

And kneeling here among us i( we claim

Feild, Spencer, Bridge, in spirit, who shall blame?

And multitudes who worshipped here before,

Whose feet have trod the Paradisal shore,

Just men made perfect, and who follow the Lamb

Where e'er He goeth. Ah ! we do not need

A Cloud or bright Shekinah to impart

A glow of holy reverence to our heart,

While we can realize in our Faith's plan,

Communion with the Saints, our vital creed,

And feast on Christ, forever God and Man.

— Robert Gear MacDonald.

MURPHY S FALLS, SALMONIER RIVER.

"No life, my honest scholar, no life so happy and so pleasant, as the
life of a well governed angler, for when the lawyer is swallowed up with
business, and the statesman is preventing or contriving plots, then we stand
on cowslip banks, hear the birds sing, and posses ourselves in as much
quietness as these silent silver streams, which we now see glide so quietly
by us." The Compleat Angler.

THE Hunter marked that mountain high,
The lone lake's western boundary,
And deem'd the stag must turn to bay,
Where that, huge rampart barr'd the way.

******

For jaded now, and spent with toil,
Emboss'd with foam, and dark with soil,
While every gasp with sobs he drew
The labouring Stag strain'd full in view.

— The Lady of the Lake.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

first Settlers at Ouillingate

Hud Chcir Conflicts UJitb Ihc Red Indians,

By A. A. P arsons t

ARLY in the seventies, the late Mr. T. D.
Scanlon (one of the best informed New-
foundlanders of his day) found under the
ruins of a " West Country fish-flake" at Back
Harbor, Notre Dame Bay, a tin canister contain-
ing a very old and highly interesting " Diary of
Events." Some of the entries, he assured me, when talking the
matter over with him a few years before his death, were made
by members of the Peyton family, one of whom took a prominent
part, on March 5th, 1818, in the capture of Mary March, " the
last of our aboriginals.'' According to this diary, some two
hundred years ago Twillingate was first settled by four English-
men, namely : Moore, at Back Harbor ; Smith, at the Point ;
Young, at South Side, and Bath, at Jenkins' Cove. Their
social visits were few and far between — not oftener than three
or four times a year, and never without their guns. The woods
which coyered the island were infested with thieving Indians,
constantly on the watch in the neighborhood of the settlers' tilts,
seeking what they could carry off. Moore, of Back Harbor,
usually carried two guns, one in each hand, when crossing to
the South Side, and frequently had occasion to use them, to the
terror of the Red Men. They dreaded the White Man's
"thunder," and were known to have remarked that whilst they
could kill but one man at a time, the White Man frequently
brought down two and sometimes three at one shot. Bith. at
Jenkins' Cove, when an old man (and long after the Red Men
had ceased from troubling), in recounting the exploits ot his
youth, could never be got to acknowledge the actual killing of
an Indian, but trimmed very closely at times. Lying in his bed
one night, enjoying a soothing pipe, he heard a slight noise out-
side, close to his head, as if some one were picking out the moss
with which the tilt was "stogged," to get a view of the interior.
Suspecting that Indians were around, he quietly seized his
seven-foot Poole gun, charged with "twelve fingers," soltly

opened the door and fired. What was I he result of that shot ?
Even garrulous old age could never draw him beyond the fact
that he fired. The result of that reconnaissance was never
known I

Mr. Peter Pickett, the oldest inhabitant of Fogo, used to tell
his friends that he often, when a boy, heard the old folks talk
of a peculiarity of the Red Men in putting out their fires ; and
that, in his opinion, something really worth knowing in this
respect was never discovered by the white settlers. It seems
that, no matter how suddenly an encampment was met with, the
file would instantly be put out, and nothing be seen but the
steam from the hot embers. When surprised they never left a
fire burning behind them.

An old fisherman named Pilley, who came from Dorset to
Slade & Co., some eighty years ago, said he often saw the Red
Indians running along the strand of the Exploits as he sailed up
the river in quest of wood. They always ran from the White
Man.

Apropos of Slades : The founder of the .house was "old
Captain Tommy," a mighty fisherman and a bachelor. His
dress comprised a swanskin pants and blouse, protected,
when "on the ground," by a leathern barvel. Cape Anns and
rubber coats were not then invented, His habits were as
simple as his dress, and his frugality surpassed both. An ap-
prentice boy was his chief and sole companion. The domestic
duties were of painful sameness. First thing after breakfast
was "out dog-irons" to cool before the door; they were never
allowed to remain in the fire after a meal and to thus uselessly
waste away. The same operation took place after dinner and
supper, and stray crumbs left on the table by the boy afforded
an excellent theme for a lecture, during the delivery of which the
old gentleman would carefully lift the crumbs to his mouth with
the tips of his moistened fingers, admonishing the boy to do
likewise and waste nothing.

Rewfoundland.

The glorious forests echo,
The ringing sound of song,

As his axe the woodman swinging
Its giant trees among.

Where in the not far distant future
We see fair homesteads stand;

And kine, instead of caribou.

Blessing our happy land.— Isabella.

CIK fiumbcr.

'TLs whe e the Marble Mountain in majestic grandeur reigns,

With his glinting crown of sunlit vernal snows;
Where the bosky woodland verdure carpets all the woodland plains

'Tis theie serene the loidly Humber flows. — Walton, jr.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

f ROYAL STORES,1!

137, 139, HI, 143, & 145 WATER STREET,

For Best Value and Assortment in

DRY GOODS,

HARDWARE, jr.

GROCERIES,

CROCKERYWARE,
^ FURNITURE,

Sewing Machines.

ALWAYS IN STOCK— Lines, Twines, Linnet, Seine Corks,
Seine Leads, Hooks, and EVERYTHING necessary for the
Fishery.

AGENTS FOR— Staunton's Wall Papers, Yarmouth Duck, and
the now celebrated Devoe's Paint — " Fewer gallons wears longer."

Manufacturers of Readymade Clothing for Men and Boys.

Dress Making and Millinery. £ *£ ,#
Repair Shop for Sewing Machines, Guns, etc* '

Special attention paid to the packing and prompt shipment of Out port Orders

Clothing Factory and
Furniture Showrooms:

Prescott Street & Duckworth Street.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

1905 Greeting 1905

I CH AMIUIIllfi desires to publicly thank his many
. J. Ull/llllllllU^riends for their kind patronage

the past year, and wishes
them, one and all, a Very Merry Xmas.

We respectfully draw your attention to our Stock of
PERFUMERY !

It is the very choicest obtainable, and being put up in fancy
boxes, baskets. &c., would make ideal Xmas Presents.

We also carry a full line of
Perfume Sprays, Shaving Brushes,

Sachet Powders, Fancy Toilet Soaps,

Toilet Boxes, Smelling Bottles,

Hair Brushes, Washing Gloves,

in fact a complete assortment of everything necessary for Toilet and
Medicinal purposes.

A visit to our Store will convince you, that right here is the best
place to buy anything in the above line.
We defy competition in goods or prices.

MANNING'S DRUG STORE,

148 & 150 New Cower Street. Open till n o'clock every night.

FOR CHRISTMAS. 1905

Wood's Candy 1 fruit Stores.

CONFECTIONERY:

Lenox Chocolates, in fancy boxes, from 300. to $3 each.

Fry's Chocolates, in fancy boxes, from 5C. to £5 each.

Our own make Chocolates, from 20 to 5oc. Ib.

Bon Eons, Fondants and Mixed Sweets in great variety.

A large assortment Sugar Toys, etc., all fresh and first class.

FRUIT:

Florida, Valencia, and Jamaica Oranges.

Messina and Naples Lemons.

Kings, Spys, Baldwins, Vandevere and other choice Apples.

California and Nova Scotia Pears.

California and Spanish Grapes.

Large Bananas, Figs, Dates, etc. Fresh Nuts of all kinds,

Pastry, Cake and Bread, of the very finest quality, at either, of

WOOD'S CANDY STORES.

NEWFOUNDLAND

LIM[-SAND BRICKS.

(Size— 9 x 4)4 x 3).

WE GUARANTEE THESE BRICKS

As Good and Cheaper

Than any Imported Brick.

GOOD PRESSED EACE-BRICKS

Selling at Lowest
Market Rates by The

\I\YIOIMM AM) BRICK & \1AMUCILKIMi Co., Ltd.,
E. H. & G. DAVEY, Managers.

Telephone, 345. Brick Plant Works, JOB'S Cove.

Water Street, St. John's.

IT IS A WELL KNOWN FACT

. . .that. . . .

Libby, McNeill & Libby's

NATURAL fLAVOUR PRODUCTS

occupy
FIRST PLACE

amongst

CANNED MEATS and SOtPS.
HEARN & CO., Agents.

5®= SEND FOR PRICE LIST.

Thomas Smyth, Co., Ltd.

Wholesale Dealers in

Provisions, Groceries, Fruit, Etc.

Head McBride's Hill, Duckworth Street, St. John's, Nfld.

J.V.O'DEA&Co

WHOLESALE.

Dour, Provisions and feed.

ST. JOHN'S.

OFFICE AND STORE — Adelaide Street. STONEYARD— Just East Custom
House, Water Street. Telephone, 364.

W. J. ELLIS,

Contractor, Builder, and Appraiser.

Dealer in Cement, Selenite, Plaster, Sand, Mortar, Brick, Drain Pipes,
Bends, Junctions and Traps; Chimney Tops, all sizes, and Plate Glass.

Estimates Given for all kinds of Work at Shortest Notice.

P. J. MANL.BY,]

Painter, Glazier, Paper Hanger
and House Decorator. •

First Class Work in our line; prompt and particulai attention given to
Outport Contracts.

Always on hand HANLEY'S celebrated brands of Snuffs.

Outport orders thankfully received.
N.B.--We employ a staff of expert mechanics, who execute work with neatness and despatch

Address: No. 5 King's Road.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Avalon Steam Cooperage, Limited.

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL CLASSES OF

Tight and Slack Packages and Boxes, Pickle Barrels, Salmon Tierces,

Berry Barrels, Oak Oil Casks, Drums, Fish Casks*
Special attention paid to Scotch Pack Herring Barrels.

This is a most up-to-date Works, and those in the market for Cooperage or Boxes would
do well to ask our quotations and samples before arranging for their supply.

ORDERS PROMPTLY DELIVERED.

Office and Works, Brewery l.ane,

St. John's, Newfoundland.

Jas. & Wm. Pitts,

GENERAL ' # # #
COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
SHIPS' BROKERS, ^ ^

John's, Newfoundland.-^

....AGENTS FOR..-.

Furness, Withy & Co,, Ltd., oe *£ Nova Scotia Steel & Coal Co.,
Wabana Iron Mines, Bell Island, Newfoundland,

= Scotia Line of Steamers — from Montreal via Gulf Ports.

Newfoundland Literature

Brothers of Peril, by Theodore Roberts Paper 75 cts. Cloth, $1.50

Caribou Shooting in Newfoundland, with over sixty illustrations,

by Dr. S. T. Davis Paper, 60 cts. Cloth, $i .25

Captain of the Dolphin, and other Poems of Newfoundland and the

Sea, by Rev. F. 1. I. Smith. Cloth, 75 cts., Gilt top 90 cts.

Dr. Luke of the Labrador, by Norman Duncan, Paper, 5oc. Cloth, 75 cts.
Dr. GrenfelPs Parish, by Norman Duncan .... Paper, 50 cts. Cloth, 75 cts.
From Newfoundland to Cochin, China, by Lady Howard Vincent,

illustrated New and cheaper edition, Cloth, Si .25

Lure of the Labrador Wild, by Dillon Wallace $i . 50

Mineral Resources of Newfoundland, in two parts 60 cts

Newfoundland — Standard History of, by D. W. Prowse, Esq., J.P.,

LL.D., with numerous Maps and Illustrations. Demy, 8vo ;

Cloth, Gilt ; 2nd edition $i .75

Newfoundland — Ecclesiastical History of, by His Grace the Arch-
bishop of Newfoundland $2 . 50

Newfoundland Illustrated, with 109 beautiful half-tone views of the

chief attractions of the Island, in artistic cover 50 cts.

1'rowse's Newfoundland Tourist's Guide, 'Illustrated 25 cts.

Poems, by His Grace the Archbishop of Newfoundland 75 cts.

Rambles in Our Ancient Colony by the Banks and Bergs of Terra

Nova, with numerous illustrations 40 cts.

St. John's and Newfoundland Illustrated, with 59 Half-tones of the

Capital of Newfoundland, with adjoining Outports 25 cts.

The New Priest in Conception Bay, by Rev. Robert Lowell; only a

very few copies now in print Cloth, $i .75

The Way of the Sea, by Norman Duncan .... Paper, 50 cts. Cloth, 75 cts.
Under the Great Seal, by Joseph Hatton Paper, 50 cts. Cloth, 75 cts.

NEWFOUNDLAND VIEW POST CARDS.

The Garland Half-tone Series 45 varieties, 2 cts. each, Sects, set.

The Garland Photogravure Series 25 varieties, 3 cts. each, 70 cts. set.

The Garland Photolet ( Photograph) ...21 varieties, 3 cts. each, 60 cts. set .

The Garland Chromo-Litho 8 varieties, 4 cts. each, 30 cts. set.

The Gailand Photo Iris 12 varieties, 4 cts. each, 45 cts. set.

When ordering Books, add from j to 23 cts. Postage. Post Cards will he sent Post free.
Interested persons should drop us a Post Card for complete list of Books, Pamphlets, Sheet Music, Maps, Charts, etc., relating to Newfoundland.

S. E. GARLAND, Books, Stationery, Fancy Goods, etc., Garland Bldg., 177-9 Water Street, East I. S T. JOHN'S,
GARLAND & CO., Booksellers and Stationers, opposite Post Office, 353 Water Street, West ) Newfoundland.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Winter Boots.

The day of days to cast off summer and don winter footwear is at
hand. We greet its coming, and are prepared to meet the need of
Boot \A/earers. We -don't expect to shoe everybody, but
we do want to Shoe You this winter. We will please you in
Style ; we will please you in Price. We show everything in Winter
Footwear for Men, Boys, Women and Children. We will suit you
in quality, for every shoe is the best for the price at

SAGE & WALLACE'S

Boot & Shoe Store, 312 Water Street.

BECK & O'GRADY,i-

^e PAINTERS. ^

Address: 22 Flower Hill,

or P. HAGERTY, Queen Street.

kinds of work in the Painting line done at
The Shortest Possible Notice.

Phenix Insurance Co.,

Of Brooklyn, New York.

([SgTInsurance effected at lowest Current Rates of Premium on
all kinds of property in Newfoundland.

A O, HAYWARD, K.C.,

Agent for Newfoundland.

MISS MAY (WONG'S

282 Water Street, opp. Bowring Brothers.

Dress Goods, Mantles, Millinery, Furs,

Feathers, Flowers, Gloves.
St. John's, jt

Newfoundland.

K. NOAH,

322 Water Street, opposite fllan 6oodrid& & Sons.

We have been in the Dry Goods for a number of years and
understand our business. Our ideas are old and new. Noah
of old saved the people, and Noah of St. John's can supply,
wholesale, all kinds of Hoods. Lowest quotations. Give us
a trial order and be convinced.

K. NOAH,

322 WATER STREET.

fishermen & Town Customers !

READ THIS CAREFULLY.

PROVISIONS and GROCERIES

JOHN J. HEALEY,

(Near the Long Bridge), is offeiing some wonderful Bargains in Flour,
Biead, Pork, Butter, Molasses, Cornmeal, Oats, Corn, Cattle Feed, Bran;
and cheap Tea — remarkable for strength. We trade in Fish, Oil, Turnips,
Potatoes, Partridge, and Rabbits. Call before you buy anywhere else, and
you won't be sorry. JOHN J. HEALEY, 68 4 70 Water Street West.

Tie Place to Get a Suit of Clothes

Parlor, Dining and
Office Furniture.

Made to Order, or Keadymade, is

Church Seats.

Venetian Blinds
Made to Order.

We keep in stock English, Scotch and Canadian goods.
Also, Shirts, Ties, Caps, Braces, etc. ^t Jt jt

E. J. MALONE, <& Tailor and furnisher,

268 Water Street.

T. MARTIN,^

Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer,

38 New Cower Street.

Repairing Furniture Horses and Vans for

a Specialty. Removing Pianos, &c.

Notice to Mariners.

NEWFOUNDLAND
No. 8 of 19O5.

St. John's Narrows, Cahill's Rock, and Pancake Shoal.

TOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that a Spar Buoy painted
White, has been moored in 3 fathoms, to show the posi-
tion of Cahill's Rock ; and a Spar Buoy painted black and
white horizontal bands, surmounted by a white painted cone, in
3 fathoms, to indicate the position of Pancake Shoal, both on
the South West side of the Narrows, or Entrance to the Harbor
of St. John's.

Buoys will be removed when ice is on the coast without
further notice.

ELI DAWE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.
Department of Marine and Fisheries,

St. John's, Newfoundland, Sept. i2th, 1905.

JOHN KEAN,

14 ADELAIDE STREET.

Boots and Shoes

Made of Best Waterproof Leather.
•*

Seal Skins a Specialty*

«@"Outport Orders Solicited.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

CK Cat* fl. i». i»ackap.

By D. W. Prowse, LL.D.

«fT has long been known in the community that Mr. Mackay
was seriously ill, but owing to his strong constitution and
1 great mental vigor, his friends hoped that his valuable life
might still be preserved. Several years ago he had a very dan-
gerous attack from which he made a wonderful recovery. The
24th of November, 1905, he passed peacefully away, surrounded
by all the members of his family. His death will be mourned
all over the Colony. The sad news of his decease spread a
gloom over our whole community, he was so closely associated
with the business community, the Masonic body, as Provincial
Grand Master, and the Kirk. No man in Newfoundland was
more universally known, no one had more friends amongst high
and low, rich and poor. It is no exaggeration to say that no
one was more beloved. His career was a very remarkable one.
Born in Pictou, Nova Scotia, he was educated at the famous
Pictou Academy, one of the best schools in North America.
From his early youth he was distinguished for his quickness in
learning, a wonderful memory and a positive genius for figures
and mathematics. He began life very early — first as a school
teacher, next as a telegrapher. His proficiency as an operator
won him such rapid promotion that he was a Manager when he
was only seventeen. He was one of the first to read a message
by sound. His memory was so wonderful that he could let a
despatch get ten or even twelve words ahead of him and yet
keep the whole in his mind and write out the full message. He
knew the distinct touch of every operator in his service ; and I
remember once in a Telegraph office in Montreal his telling
Mrs. Mackay and myself who was then operating — It was one
of his sons, and he knew his touch.

After filling several positions as superintendent at Hamilton,
in Canada, and elsewhere. In 1855 and 1856 he became head
of the telegraphs in his native county of Nova Scotia. At the
time Cyrus Field was looking for a manager for his New York,
Newfoundland and London Telegraph Company, then newly
formed, he put himself in communication with D. H. Craig,
founder of the New York Associated Press, and asked him and
some other friends to select the very best man to fill the difficult
position of manager in Newfoundland. They recommended to
him young Mackay, then only 22. When the new Manager paid
his first visit to the Colony in January, 1857, he found every-
thing in confusion. The line was broken, not a single section
was in working order. With the small steamer Victoria he
repaired the break in the cable between Cape Ray and Cape
Breton; walked over the whole line; organized a new staff of
operators and repairers, and put the whole concern in working
order. We must bear in mind that from this period, 1856, to
1866, the concern was only a land line with a cable to Cape Bre-
ton, but with no trans-Atlantic connection. Their only receipts,
outside of local telegrams, were from precarious and most diffi-
cult and dangerous service of messages intercepted by a daring
boats crew at Cape Race, from thence transmitted to America.
Cyrus Field's partners became sick and tired of the enterprise,
and but for Field's enthusiasm and Mackay's activity and eco-
nomic efficient workiug of the line it would have been aban-
doned over and over again, these two kept it alive.

No one can rob Mackay's memory of this undying honour.
Like Cyrus Field, he had firm belief in the ultimate success of
the great project. The outside world were uubelievers. The
London Times voiced the sentiments of the great world when it
declared that the project was a wild scheme, a phantom of hair
brained enthusiasts, and never could be of any practical value.
For nearly ten years this time of hope deferred went on. It was
the most trying period in Mackay's life. It was during these
hard times in i8£o that Mackay married. His income was small,
his work most laborious and harassing. Never did any one
secure for himself a better consoler, companion and helpmate
than he found in his young and beautiful wife. The happiness
of his home life helped him to bear the worry and struggle of
these days. For Mackay there was no one like his wife. His
affection and admiration was only equalled by her devotion.

With the successful laying of the Atlantic cable all was changed;
It put life into the local lines, and" from a poor, starved business
it became a most prosperous, successful undertaking, and has
continued so ever since. Many of us can now remember the
27th July, 1866, when the Atlantic cable was landed, and the
excitement and enthusiasm that pervaded all classes. The
cable is to-day no longer a wonder and a marvel, but as one sits
at Heart's Content through the long watches of the night with
both Continents at rest and notes the beginning of the business
day in Europe, and later on, the rush from America. Watching
by the cable instrument we appear almost to hear the eager
steps of the busy multitude in two worlds. To the tired opera-
tor it is meie ordinary business, but to the onlooker this joining
of the Hemispheres and the complete annihilation of time and
space will always appear as the most wonderful human achiev-
ment in an age of scientific marvels. This Colony owes a deep
debt of gratitude to our dear deceased friend, and the Anglo-
American Telegraph Company, whilst other colonies were

This plate was kindly lent us~|
by News Pub. Co., Ltd.J

LATE A. M. MACKAY.

spending millions on Telegraph Lines we got ours for nothing,
with cable connection thrown in. Where the old Company had
spent a million dollars on the land line to Cape Ray, Mackay
rebuilt it for $90,000. From first to last, over and above all its
receipts, the Anglo-American Telegraph Company has spent
for salaries, renewals and repairs more than Four M;llion Dol-
lars. Between Mackay and the eminent men who were Directors
in New York, Cyrus Field and the great philanthropist, Peter
Cooper, there was not only appreciation of his valuable services,
but a warm personal friendship which showed itself in a presen-
tation of plate and other valuable gifts.

One of the most stirring events in the life of the deceased,
was the monopoly scare of 1872-3. This offer to buy out the
Cable was a pure stock-jobbing trick of the renowned Labou-
chere, by which he and his friends cleared ,£400,000, sterling,
Mackay and some more of us kept our heads level, also the late
Hon. A. W. Harvey, Sir F. B. T. Carter, N. R. Vail and a few
more; but all the rest of the community, from the Governor

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

down, went mad over the proposal. The whole thing was a
barefaced fraud and our most respected citizens simply dupes.

As an employer of labor and manager of men, Mackay was
Unrivalled. It was largely due to his kindness, his tact, and
his wonderful way of handling men that our first railway was
pushed ahead in the teeth of a most deadly opposition, and it is
largely due to his energy and the expenditure of his own money
that the first line to Harbor Grace was eventually laid. The
contractor and the work was always breaking down. Over and
over again he had to come to the rescue. Mackay took a very
prominent part in our public and social life. As a member of
the House of Assembly and in the Council he took the deepest
interest in the welfare of the colony. For nearly forty years he
filled a leading place in the Masonic body and in the Kirk. His
kindness and charity was simply unbounded. No one in want,
or in trouble ever appealed to him in vain. In all his benevo-
lent work he was most ably assisted by his wife, like himself
large hearted, generous and good to the poor, and the afflicted,
whether it was the outharbor friend kindly welcomed at their
home or the poor tramp picked up on the road and carried on
their weary way. There was no condescention, no patronising
airs in all their various acts of kindness. It was purely a labour
of love to them both to help and comfort. His popularity was
not only amongst his companions and friends at the City Club,
but also amongst the humble classes. He was everybody's
friend and every one liked him. He will be greatly missed and
widely mourned by all his acquaintances. Into the sanctuary of

his home-life we cannott approach. Words are poor, feeble and
ineffectual to express the loss of the most affectionate husband
and father to his beloved wife and children. No outsider can
enter into the full measure of their grief or their life long sorrow.
Time the great consoler may mitigate their bereavement, it will
comfort them to know how widely, how tenderly, the deceased
was beloved. It is my melancholy duty to record the death of
all the dear old companions of my youth. I feel only too keenly
how inadequate, how incomplete is this short and imperfect
sketch of the life of my dear old friend. Of all the gay com-
pany who welcomed Mackay nearly fifty }ears ago, only Mr.
T. R. Job, Sir R. Thorburn, Mr. William Bowring and myself
survive. Only Lord Kelvin, better known as Sir William
Thompson, remains of the illustrious body who created ocean
telegraphy. Of his own immediate associates in the old com-
pany, T. Scanlan, Waddel, Saunders and all are gone, only Mr.
Gaden, Leslie and a few more are still in harness. I should
add that Mr. Mackay, altho' the most tolerant and liberal of men,
was also a most perfervid Scot devoted to his ain countrie and
his Kirk. A staunch Presbyterian he took an active part and
was a most liberal supporter in all the benevolent and educa-
tional work of his coreligionists.

Mr. Mackay was the father of a large family a dear little
daughter died in infancy. His eldest son, Charles, also died
many years ago. The survivors are his wife, four daughters —
Mrs. Rendell, Mrs. Melville, Mrs. Charles Marshall and Mrs.
McNeil ; three sons — Gower, William and Eric.

Centenaries and Celebrations in 1905. **

By D. IV.

THIS is an age of celebrations and the keeping of anni-
versaries, varied by bi-centenariesor ter-centen aries, &c.
Many persons think the thing is overdone, and that
we are having too much of a good thing.

However, it will go on. The worship of ancestors was the
very earliest form of the beginnings of religion amongst savage
/tribes, and the desire to commemorate the virtues and achieve-
ments of our illustrious departed ones is inherent in human
nature. It is well known to antiquarians, and students of folk
lore, that many of the festivals we keep now, as Christians, were
originally of pagan origin. For instance, St. John the Baptist's
Day, 241(1 June, otherwise Midsummer day, commemorated here
and elsewhere with bonfires on the hills, is an old relict of the
ancient fire worshippers.

One very humorous instance came under my notice many
years ago, of the way old customs, derived from our English
ancestors, are kept up in this Colony, notwithstanding complete
changes in the religious character of the community where they
were first introduced. Guy Faux's day, 5th November, known
in history as the Gunpowder Plot to blow up King James I.,
his Lords and Commons, is essentially a Protestant celebration,
like the Battle of Boyne. It was introduced into Bay Bulls from
the West of England, where the people all belonged, like their
forefathers, to the Church of England. Notwithstanding the con-
version of the whole community into good Roman Catholics, the
5th Nov. is still celebrated in that interesting little community.

Some years ago the boys of the village lit their bonfire too
near the constable's house, and he asked to have it removed,
and as this was refused he put out the fire himself. The cele-
brators were »o indignant with the Government Officer for this
outrage that in revenge they went and damaged a Government
bridge and nearly injured some poor travellers.

In the present year, 1905, there have been many celebrations,
some in honour of less known people, such as the Poet Crabbe,
and BroAne, the Author of Religio Medeci ; but tw:o are con-
spicuous. The qnar-centenary of the publication of the greatest
and most celebrated humorous work in the world — Don Quixote,
and the centenary of the death of Nelson and the victory of
Trafalgar. Both are worthy of all honour.

Early in the year 1604 there was issued from the press at
Madrid the shabbiest specimen of a book, badly printed on the
poorest paper — the first edition of the first part of Cervantes's
immortal work. It took the world by storm. Within the year
three more editions were got off, and it has been going on

Prowse, LL.D.

edition after edition ever since. In every language and every
tongue the world still reads about the Gallant Knight of
La Mancha and his squire — Sancho Panza.

The marvel of it all is that Don Quixote is an untranslatable
book. It is not only pure Spanish, but all the allusions are
Provincial. The bloom, the beauty, the delicate touches of wit
and humour, the play upon words, all the splendour of the
sonorous Castilian is losi in translation. Niagara drained
through a jelly bag. Yes, marvel of marvels. This bowdlerized
emasculated version of the great work, even translated into a
foreign jargon, is still the most popular book in the world, and
to-day in the English boy's library it holds its own with Robin-
son Crusoe and Stephenson's Treasure Island.

Cervantes is one of the few men of letters whose life is greater
and nobler than his most famous work. Other great writers
career are most uneventful. Don Miguel's was most horoic, not
only as a hero in battle and as a captive, but he displayed the
still higher qualities of patience and cheerfulness under the
stings and arrows of outrageous fortune that would have sub-
dued a lesser soul.

The most amusing book in the world was commenced when
its author was in prison. There is one splendid characteristic
of Cervantes which has escaped the notice of all his commen-
tators— his attitude to England. Remember, he was a Spaniard
of Spaniards, a devout Catholic, intensely proud of his great
country. How would any ordinary Spaniard of that day fell
towards the fierce Islanders who had wantonly invaded Spain, destroyed
her invincible Armada and persecuted her religion. The Espanola Inglesa
is a poor little novel, but it reveals the magnanimous noble character of its
author. Though his worst enemies, Cervantes does full justice to the high
character and courage of the English, his only complaint is the hard usage
of his co-religionists.

To the world in general Velasquez and Murillo represent Spanish Art,
while Don Quixote stands for Spanish Literature. If it is given to the
world of spirits to know what passes on earth — how Don Miguel's proud
heart must swell with triumph when he knows that his influence and his
two brother artists swayed the whole cultivated world of Europe in favour
of Spain during the late war with America. Every painter, artist and
writer in the Old World was Spanish to the core during the struggle.

About Nelson the great sailor — the greatest naval tactician the world
has ever seen. What more is there to say ? He saved England, and Eng-
lishmen all over the world did honour to his memory this year.

We did the celebration nobly in St. John's. The trade would allow no
holiday for the great seaman — the saviour of the Empire. They did better,
they turned the occasion to profit, and used the hero as a shop advertise-
ment for the Trafalgar ties and Nelson bows and scarves, cheap splendid
value at twenty cents. A cheap and shoddy and happily a unique way of
commemorating a great event and a matchless hero. IX W. PROWSE.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Photo, by S. If. Parsons.

THE
HON. JAMES S. PITTS,

HANDSOME RESIDENCES OF

and J. OUTERBRIDGE. ESQ.

Our Greeting.

We know our readers will be pleased, that instead
of the usual editorial reflections, we give in this
Number, copious extracts from "that one entire
and perfect chysolite," Dickens' Christmas Carol.
This was written specially by the Master to glorify
the season : " The life, spirit and enthusiasm which the author
infused into his work was extraordinary; the contrasts between
the humourous and pathetic portions are alternated like changes
of scene, while the Christmas flavour is almost obstreperous."

So sympathetic is it with the best Christmas sentiment, and
so aptly does it breathe of the Love and Charity and .Peace
which the season begets in the bosoms of all Christian peoples,
that now after the lapse of a half a century it is read and enjoyed
by a larger circle of readers than at any time since its publication.
The best Christmas gift we could give our readers would be to
give them a desire at this season to read and enjoy the Christ-
mas Carol.

Our Contributors.

OUR Contributors speak for themselves. We pride ourselves
on the selections of subjects, grave and gay, and all appropriate
to the season, and believe that no better Souvenir could be sent
to friends abroad. We are confident all our friends and readers
will join us in thanking the ladies and gentlemen who have pre-
pared such a dainty number. Most of them are busy people,
but we greatly acknowledge their kindness in giving of their best!
to make this, as other numbers of the QUARTERLY, a success.

Our Pboto=€n$raoings.

WE are indebted to Messrs. C. O'N. Conroy, W. Ed^ar (of
the Gas Co.), A. Hiscock (Vice-President Regatta Committee),
and W. E. Hamilton (of Reid-Newfoundland Co.) for the photo-
graphs that illuminate our pages. A glance at any of them is
sufficient to beget pleasant memories, and we express our
sincerest gratitude to the gentlemen above named for their
contributions.

Our .advertising Patrons.

To the " Founders of the Feast" — our Advertising Patrons — •
the success of the QUARTF.RDY is due. Without them it would
be impossible for the QUARTERLY to grow and expand. They
will be pleased to know that these advertisements are read and
scanned not only in the city and outports, but also in Canada,
United States, England, South Africa, and Australia. By a
curious coincidence within the last week we have had one letter
from a subscriber in Chicago, and another from Boston, and
both the writers have been over forty years out of the country,
but the advertisements in our number recall the old times and
the old familiar faces, and are read by them with as much in-
terest as the letter-press. A glance at our Advertisements will
convince our readers, that the leading business men in the com-
munity are represented, and we ask our friends to read carefully,
and when patronizing them, say, that you saw (heir " ad." in the
QUARTERLY.

In conclusion we tender to readers, contributors — literary
and artistic, — and last, but not least, our advertising patrons,
A Happy Christmas and Prosperous New Year, and in the
words quoted in our greeting, we add

"6od Bless Us, feoerpone!"

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

HON. JAMES BAIRD, President.

established 1875

C. R. THOMSON, Manager.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURING Co., Ltd.

Manufacturers of Boots, Shoes, and Slippers. Dealers in Canadian and American Rubbers.
WHOLESALE ONLY. fl®-All Reliable Dealers keep our Goods in Stock.

BAINE, JOHNSTON & Co.

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland,

General Merchants and Ship Owners.

.EXPORTERS OF..

Codfish, Cod Oil, Seal Oil, Seal Skinst

Codliver Oil (Norwegian process),

Salmon, Split Herring, and Lobsters,

Sealing Steamers for Arctic hire. Steamers on
Labrador requiring COALS can be supplied at
Battle Harbor, at entrance to Straits of Belle Isle,
where there is telegraphic communication.

NEWMAN'S .*

Celebrated Port Wine,

In Cases of 1 doz. each,
at $8.25 in Bond ; also,

in Hogsheads, Quarter Casks aJLd Octaves.

«*

Baine, Johnston & Co*,

AGENTS,

BAIRD, GORDON & Co.

THE CORNER SHOP:

A full stock of Staple and Fancy Dry Goods, Boots and
Shoes, Lines, Twines, Cordage, and Cotton Duck.

THE PROVISION STORE:

Entrance from Cove. Always on hand — Flour, Pork,
Beef, Molasses, &c. Good value and at lowest market
rates. (dpOutport friends will please notice that we
are prepared to handle

Fish, Oil, Lobsters, Furs,

and other produce on the most favourable terms.
Storage and Wharf facilities.

Baird's Building, East side of Cliffs Cove

I50,OOO Lbs. of

Cotton and Wool Tents,

COMPRISING... .

Misprints, Patches, White Shirtings,
Grey Calicoes, Lawns, Flanneletts,

Cotton and Wool Tweeds, Velveteens,
Art Sateens, Percales, &c., &c.

ALSO, A SPECIAL LINE OK—

Men's Fleece-lined UNDERWEAR, Overalls,
Top Shirts, Sweaters, &c., &c.

Kf^WHOLESALE ONLY.

Call and see us or write for Price List.

W. A. SLATTERY,

Wareroom: Seaman's Home Building, Duckworth Street.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Customs Circular

A deposit equal to the duty shall be taken on such articles as
Cameras, Bicycles, Trouting Poles, Fire-arms, Tents, Canoes,
and tent equipage. A receipt (No. i) according to the form
attached shall be given for the deposit and the particulars of
the articles shall be noted in the receipt as well as in the
marginal cheques. Receipt No. 2 if taken at an outport office
shall be mailed at once directed to the Assistant Collector,
St. John's, if taken in St. John's the Receipt No. i shall be sent
to the Landing Surveyor.

No groceries, canned goods, wines, spirits or provisions of
any kind will be admitted free and no deposit for a refund may
be taken upon such articles.

H. W. LeMESSliRICR,

Assistant Collector.

CUSTOM HOUSE,

St. John's, Newfoundland, 22nd June., 1903.

NEWfOUNDLAND PENITENTIARY.

BROOM DEPARTMENT.

Brooms, ** Hearth Brushes, ** Whisks,

orders addressed to the undersigned will receive prompt
attention.

ALEX. A. PARSONS, Superintendent.

Newfoundland Penitentiary, December, JQOJ.

The Public are reminded that the

GAME-LAWS

NEWFOUNDLAND

Provide that:

No person shall pursue with intent to kill any Caribou from

the ist day of Februaiy to the 3ist day of July, or from the ist day of

October to the 2oth October in any year. And no person shall «

kill or take more than two Stag and one Doe Caribou in any one year.

No person is allowed to hunt or kill Caribou within specified limits of
either side of the railway track from Grand Lake to Goose Brook, these
limits being defined by gazetted Proclamation.

No non-resident may hunt or kill Deer (three Stag) without previously
having purchased ($50.00) and procured a License therefor. Licenses to
non-resident guides are issued, costing $50.00.

No person may kill, or pursue with intent to kill any Caribou with dogs,

or with hatchet or any weapon other than fire-arms loaded with

ball or bullet, or while crossing any pond, stream or water-course.

Tinning or canning of Caribou is absolutely prohibited.

No person may purchase, or receive in barter or exchange any flesh
of Caribou between January ist and July 3 ist, in any year.

Penalties for violation of these laws, a fine not exceeding two hundred
dollars, or in default imprisonment not exceeding two months.

No person shall hunt, or kill Partridges before the first day of Octobej
in any year. Penalty not exceeding $100.00 or imprisonment.

Any person who shall hunt Beaver, or export Beaver skins before October
ist, 1907, shall be liable to confiscation of skins, and fine or imprisonment.

No person shall hunt Foxes from March 15 to October 15 in any year.

Close season for salmon, and trout fishing: 1 5th day of September to
1 5th day of January following.

ELI DAWE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Department of Marine and Fisheries,
•jth November,

PUBLIC NOTICE.

\XJHEREAS considerable difficulty has been experienced
^^ in Departments of His Majesty's Government in Eng-
land in connection with the attestation of signatures to docu-
ments executed in this Colony and required for use by Foreign
Governments, by reason of a lack of knowledge of the genuine-
ness of the signatures to the same ;

R. BOND,

Colonial Secretary.
Colonial Secretary's Office,
May i ith, 1905.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE

NEWFOUNDLAND

QUARTERLY

JOHN J. EVANS, PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR.

VOL. V.— No. 4.

MARCH, 1906.

40 CTS. PER. YEAR.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND NAVAL RESERVE.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

PHOENIX

Assurance

Co., Ltd.,

Of LONDON, ESTABLISHED 1782.

Annual Premiums $7,500,000

Fund held to meet losses 9,000,000

Uncalled Capital 1 2,000,000

W. & G. RENDELL,

ST. JOHN'S. Agent for Nflcl.

I5O,OOO Lbs. of

Cotton and Wool Tents,

... .COMPRISING....

Misprints, Patches, White Shirtings,
Grey Calicoes, Lawns, Flanneletts,

Cotton and Wool Tweeds, Velveteens,
Art Sateens, Percales, &c., &c.

ALSO, A SPECIAL LINE OF—

Men's Fleece-lined UNDERWEAR, Overalls,
Top Shirts, Sweaters, &c., &c.

it^=W HOLE SALE ONLY.

Call and see us or write for Price List.

W. A. SLATTERY,

Wareroom: Seaman's Home Building, Duckworth Street.

Queen
fire Insurance Cotnpanp

FUNDS $40,000,000

l"|||>"ln|"|i|| I I I I I I I I I I I I

INSURANCE POLICIES

Against Loss or Damage by Fire

are issued by the above

well known office on the most

liberal terms.

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

JOHN CORMACK,

SGENT FOR NEWFOU1NDLSND.

NEWrOlNDLANDJENJTENTIARY.

BROOM DEPARTMENT.

Brooms, ^ Hearth Brushes, ^ Whisks.

A Large Stock of BROOMS, HEARTH BRUSHES and

WHISKS always on hand; and having reliable Agents
in Chicago and other principal centres for the purchase of
Corn and other material, we are in a position to supply the
Trade with exactly the article required, and we feel as-
sured our Styles and Quality surpass any that can be
imported. Give us a trial order, and if careful attention
and right goods at right prices will suit, we are confident
of being favoured with a share of your patronage.
IC^All orders addressed to the undersigned will receive prompt
attention.

ALEX. A. PARSONS, Superintendent.
NewfotifuUand Penitentiary, March, 1906.

Phenix Insurance Co.,

Of Brooklyn, New York.

[^'Insurance effected at lowest Current Rates of Premium on
all kinds of property in Newfoundland.

A O. HAYWARD, K.C.,

Agent for Newfoundland.

H. M. Customs.

%lk/HEREAS it is provided in Section Twelve of " The
"™ Revenue Act,' 1905," that: —

" It shall be lawful for the Governor in Council to remit the
whole or any portion of the duties imposed by this Act upon
Port or other Wines, Currants and Sultana Raisins, or other
articles imported from the country of production into this
Colony, when it shall appear to him that the duty on Codfish,
the product of the Colony, imported into such country, has been
or will be reciprocally reduced ;"

And whereas the Kingdom of Greece has agreed to reduce
the duty on Codfish imported from this Colony into the said
Kingdom ;

I do, therefore, by this my Proclamation, declare that from
and after the ist day of October instant, Currants and Sultana
Raisins, when imported from the Kingdom of Greece, shall be
admitted into this Colony free of duty, and that the aforesaid
articles shall be included in Schedule B. of the aforesaid Revenue
Act under the Table of Exemptions, and that when such Currants
and Sultana Raisins are imported into this Colony, they shall
be given free entry, upon the production to the Customs De-
partment, by the importer of the same, of a certificate under the
hand and seal of competent authorities, showing that such
Currants or Sultana Raisins are the product of the Kingdom
of Greece.

Of which all persons concerned are hereby required to take
due notice v>nd govern themselves accordingly.

Given under my Hand and Seal, at the Government House,
Saint John's, this 3rd day of October, A.I). 1905.
By His Excellency's Command,

ARTHUR MEWS,

Deputy Colonial Secretary.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Post Office Department

Parcels may be Forwarded by Post at Rates Given Below.
In the case of Parcels, for outside the Colony, the senders will ask for Declaration Form, upon which the Contents and Value must be Stated

FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND
.LABRADOR.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM.

FOR UNITED STATES.

FOR DOMINION OF
CANADA.

i pou

2 pOU

9
10
i 1

8 ce
1 1
M
17
20

23
26
29
32
35
35
Under i Ib
per 2 oz.

nts

24 cents

12 ce
24
36
48
60
72
84
96
$1 08

nts

15 cents.
3°

45
60

75
90

#1.05

Cannot exceed seven pounds
weight.

No parcel sent to D. of C. for
less than 15 cents.

24 "

48 '"

48 "

72 "

i . 20

weight, i cent

No parcel sent to U. K. for
less than 24 cents.

No parcel sent to U. S. for
less than 12 cents.

N.B. — Parcel Mails between Newfoundland and United States can only be exchanged by direct Steamers : say Red Cross Line to and from New York ;

Allan Line to and from Philadelphia.
Parcel Mails for Canada are closed at General Post Office every Tuesday at 3 p.m., for despatch by " Bruce" train.

GeneraPosf

THE Rates of Commission on Money Orders issued by any Money Order Office in Newfoundland to the United States
of America,, the Dominion of1 Canada, and any part of Newfoundland are as follows:—

For syms not exceeding $10 . '. ......................... 5 cts. Over $50, but not exceeding $60 ........................ 30 cts.

Over $10, but not exceeding $20 ........................ 10 cts. Over $60, but not exceeding $70 ........................ 35 cts.

Over $20, but not exceeding #30 ................ ' ........ 15 cts. Over $70, but not exceeding S8o ........................ 40 cts.

Over #30, but not exceeding $40 ........................ 20 cts. Over $80, but not exceeding #90 ....... ' ................. 45 cts.

Over $40, but not exceeding $50 ........................ 25 cts. Over $90, but not exceeding $100 ....................... 50 cts.

Maximum amount of a single Order to any of the ABOVE COUNTRIES, and to offices in NEWFOUNDLAND, $100.00, but as
many may be obtained as the remitter requires.

General Post Office St. John's, Newfoundland, March, iqob. H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

General Post Office. % Postal Telegraphs.

MJEREAFTER Cable Messages for all parts of the world will be accepted for transmission
*^ over Postal Telegraph lines and cable to Canso, N. S., at all Postal Telegraph Offices in
this Colony.

H INLAND.

Avondale

Badger

Baie Verte (Little Bay ;>'.;

Baine Harbor

Bay-de-Verde

Bay L'Argent

Bay Roberts

Beaverton

Belleoram

Birchy Cove (Bay of Islds

Bonavista •

Bonne Bay

Botwoodville

Britannia Cove

Brigus

Brigus Junction

Burin

Carbonear

Catalina

Change Islands

Clarenville

Come-By-Chance

Conception Harbor

C i abb's Brook

Fogo

Fortune

Gam bo

Gander Bay

Glenwood

Grand Bank

Grand Falls

Grand Lake

Grand River

Greenspond

Hant's Harbor
Harbor Breton
Harbor Grace
Harbor Main
Heart's Content
Herring Neck
Holyrood
Howards

Humber Mouth (River-
head, Bay of Islands)
King's Cove

King's Point (S. W.A.,G.B.)
Lamaline
Lewisport
Little Bay
Little River
Long Harbor

Lower Island Cove

Manuels

Millertown Junction

Musgrave Harbor

New Perlican

Newtown

Nipper's Harbor

Norris' Arm

N. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Old Perlican

Pilley's Island

Port-au-Port (Gravels)

Port -aux-Basques (Channel)

Port Blandford

Stephenville Crossing

St. George's

St. Jacques

St. John's

St. Lawrence

Sandy Point

Scilly Cove

Seldom-Come-By

Sound Island

S. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Terenceville (head of

Fortune Bay)
Terra Nova
Tilt Cove
Topsails
Trinity
Twillingate
Wesleyville
Western Bay

Whitbourne

Postal Telegraph Message Forms may be obtained at any Post Office in the Colony, and from Mail Clerks on Trains and Steamers. If the sender
desires, the message may be left with the Postmaster, to be forwarded by mail Free of Postage to nearest Postal Telegraph Office.

General Post Office, St. John's, Newfoundland, March, J~yo6.

H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

The Archibald Boot & Shoe Manufacturing

Company, Limited.

Manufacturers of all grades Fine Boots and Shoes.
Fishermen's Makes on the popular "BILL-TOE" Last are
winners.

W. J. JANES, Manager.

Harbor Grace, Newfoundland

Anglo-Newfoundland Exporting Co., Ltd.

INCORPORATED

MUNN & CO.

General Fish Merchants.

Exporters and Importers.

Harbor Grace, • • Newfoundland.

R. T. PARSONS,

PHOTOGRAPHER.

Views of Harbor Grace, and of other towns supplied.
8,000 Postal Cards — Views of Harbor Grace scenes
— to arrive. Mail Orders given prompt attention.

Harbor Grace, Nfld.

WE MAKE

Anchor Brand
CANS,

and guarantee them to be good. When you
are ordering your cans for the spring packing
see that you get

Anchor Brand.

All Supplying Merchants handle them and
will supply them if ordered

ROBT. TEMPLETON,

337 Water Street.

The

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Colony at

The Lowest Prices

consistent with quality.
Call and examine.

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Duckworth and
Cower Streets.

$4 A MONTH

Is not very much for a young man of 20 to put
aside out of his salary, but if invested with the

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To his family, if he dies before age 40,. . .$rooo.oo
To himself, if he lives to age 40, from. . . .$7/59.00

to $1372.00
according to plan selected.

Insure early, while your health is
good. You will get your money back earlier
in life, when you can use it better.

CHAS. O'NEILL CONROY,

GENERAL AGENT FOR NFLD,

Law Chambers, St. John's, N.F.

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ST. JOHN'S GAS LIGHT Co.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

IHE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY;

VOL. V.— No. 4.

MARCH, 1906.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

Candidates for tbc Coming municipal election.

Bon. 6cor& Slxa,

Mayor of St. John's.

IT was with some difficulty that the friends of Mr. George
Shea induced that gentleman to allow himself to be put in
nomination as a candidate for the Mayoralty under the new
Municipal Law relating to St. John's. He had enough to do
to attend to his large mercantile business, and was not eager for
civic honours. A committee of representative citizens at last
succeeded in getting him to reconsider his decision, assuring

HON. GEORGE SHEA.

him at the same time, on behalf of the rate-payers, that his elec-
tion was sure. He was elected by a large majority as first
Mayor of St. John's. He, himself, is a large property holder
and rate-payer in the city, and the citizens knew that no wild-cat
scheme for the squandering of the taxes would have much
chance while he presided in the Council. The fact that in his
hands the city's finances were in safe-keeping, influenced many
property holders, who differed from him politically and in other
respects, to support his candidature ; and the further facts, that
he was universally popular, his reputation as a business man
was among the very highest; that he was unostentatiously
charitable ; and that his gifts as a singer were always at the
disposal of every charitable or philanthropic affair in the city, —
all these considerations affected his candidature favourably and

caused him to be elected by a large majority. He is so well
known that it seems superfluous to dwell at any length on the
chief events of his life. An old St. John's boy, son of the
venerable and esteemed President of the Legislative Council —
Sir Edward Shea, and nephew and business partner of the late
Sir Ambrose Shea, he has lived all his life in the city. As
Member for Ferryland District he sat in the Executive Council
during the Winter Ministry. At the last election he was elected
for St. John's East, and now holds the unique position of Coun-
cillor for the City and Member for the District of St. John's
East, with a seat in the Executive Council. He has filled the
office of Mayor of the City with dignity and efficiency. Its first
occupant of that office, he has had to establish many precedents.
His training in the Legislature and his well known business
ability, were of great advantage to him in solving the problems
that would naturally present themselves to the first Mayor of
the City. As Mayor of the City, it is admitted on all hands that
he has been a decided success. So true is this that the probability
of any opposition to him in the coming election is very remote.
It is more than likely he will be elected by acclamation, as there
is no party or faction arrayed against him. In the event of a
contest, there is not at present a man in sight who would come
near him. He has proved a worthy official, and citizens of all
degrees believe in him, so that it requires no gift of prophesy to
foretell that Mr. Shea will fill the chair of the Mayoralty with
acceptance to the citizens for some time to come.

fl Ulord to prospective Visitors,

THE quickest, cheapest and most comfortable route, from
New York or Halifax, is by the Red Cross Line — s. s. Rosalind
and s. s. Silvia. These are luxuriously fitted and staunch sea-
boats, and the trip on them is immensely enjoyable. The fare
is very modest, and the table appointments and attendants are
efficient and up-to-date. Tickets and all information can be had
in New York from Bowring & Co., 17 State Street ; in Halifax,
G. S. Campbell & Co.

An ideal trip from St. John's, is either North in the s.s. Portia
or South and West in the s.s. Prospero. The sailing is calm and
enjoyable ; the scenery beautiful ; the trip chock full of variety,
touching into numerous quaint little towns on either route. The
return fare West is $22.50, and North $17.50. It occupies
about ten days, and gives the visitor a chance %D see either way
more than half the bays, towns and villages in the Island. The
tickets include meals and all attendance. Fuller information, as
to either of these trips may be had on application to Hon. John
Harvey, or Hon. Edgar Bowring, who are rated as among the
leaders of our younger and more progressive business men in
Newfoundland. They, or their firms, Harvey & Co., or Bowring
Bros., will furnish reliable information as to passage, etc., to any
intending visitor.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

3ol>n R. Bennett, m.G.fl.,

Deputy Mayor.

0NE of the most popular men in the'City is John R. Bennett.
Born in the West End of St. John's, and doing a large
brewing business for years, he came in daily contact
with men in all walks of life, and with his engaging personality
he made hosts of friends. Some years ago he took over the
aerated water business of Gaden & Co, the largest concern of its
kind in the Colony. This necessitated his removal to St. John's
East, where he now resides and carries on business, and gave
him the opportunity to double up the number of his friends and
admirers. In the first Municipal Election he proved hi* popu-
larity, he polled the largest vote of any of the candidates, and
thus became ex ufficio Deputy Mayor. As a business m.m Mr.
Bennett has the reputation of being cautious, reliable and sue-

William 3. tiiis. m.b.H..

Municipal Councillor.

MR. ELLIS was born and has lived in St. John's all his
life. As a contractor and builder he has a first class
reputation. A life-long abstainer, for some years he
has been Vice-President of the Total Abstinence Society.
Sober, honest, industrious, with a reputation for reliability and
integrity, is it any wonder that Mr. Ellis has earned the esteem
of citizens of all classes and creeds. As a contractor he has
done some of the best work in the city, notably the Imperial
Tobacco Building, in Electric Avenue, and the rebuilding of the
towers of the R. C. Cathedral. This latter job entailed care'
and skill ; and the manner in which Mr. Ellis executed it may
be seen by a glance at the towers as they now are, — a monu-
ment to His Grace Archbishop Howie) who planned and

JOHN K. BEN'NKTT.

cessful, just the kind of man in the opinion of the citizens in
whose hands it would be safe to trust the collection and distri-
bution of the city rates. The fact that he has large interests
in the city would make him careful in all matters effecting the
taxing and rating of the City; his well known business ability
and integriiy devoted to the welfare of his native town are quali-
ties that money cannot purchase. During the occasional absence
of Mayor Shea, Mr. Bennett has presided at the meetings of the
Council, and as Deputy Mayor has displayed marked ability.
His experience in Societies and Clubs, has made him familiar
with all modes of procedure as a presiding officer and this has
on more than one occasion been used for the benefit of the
Council and City. Among the " Brethern of the Mystic Tie "
Mr. Bennett is highly esteemed and holds a high place. As a
Councillor he gained many new friends and lost none. In 1904
Mr. Bennett was elected for St. John's West with a large ma-
jority, and holds a similar place in relation to his district and
the city that Mayor Shea does in St. John's East.

WIM.IAM J. F.I.L'S.

superintended the work, and to Mr. Ellis who executed it. Mr.
Ellis has also to his credit the solution of the vexed question of
the Water Supply of Placentia. Various schemes were mooted
for over-coming the immense pressure of the tide on the pipes,
as it surges in and out of the "Gut" every six hours. Several
efforts to complete the work failed. Mr. Ellis took the job in
hand, and his practical experience and skill overcame all diffi-
culties, with the result that at present Placentia enjoys all the
benefits of a first class water supply. In the last Municipal
Elections Mr. Ellis rolled up a large vote, Deputy Mayor
Bennett beating him by only five or six votes. This was the
best possible proof of the esteem in which he was held by his
fellow citizens. A large property holder in the city himself, no
citizens has greater reason than he to see that the city's
finances were wisely and economically administered. In 1904,
Mr. Ellis, with Mr. Cashin, was elected by a large majority to
represent Ferryland district in the Legislature. In this position
he has manifested the same qu Uificati ins that he had already
displayed as a representative citizen in the Municipal Council.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Bon. 3obn Barris, HU.C.,

Municipal Councillor.

BEFORE the city had obtained as large a franchise as it
now enjoys, former Governments reserved the right to
nominate representatives to the Municipal Council. It
was not an easy task to select a man who would please citizens
of all shades of political opinions. Party feeling ran high, and
the fear existed that an irresponsible, or incompetent party man
would be selected, but this feeling was allayed by the appoint-
ment of Hon. John Harris to the Council. A man of sterling
worth, a keen business ability, the controlling member of a large
and prosperous firm on Water Street, arid withal a very popular
man, his selection was hailed with acclamation by the whole city.
Afterwards when t'he citizens of Ward i prevailed on him to
accept a nomination, he was elected by a large majority. He

Michael 3. Kennedy

Municipal Councillor.

TTTHE citizens of St. John's exercised rare discretion in the
>) I I* election of their representatives under the new Municipal
Act. The selection of practical business men with large
property interests within the city, is the surest and safest plan
of safeguarding the civic interests. It is admitted on all sides,
that the most satisfactory and economical distributions of the
rates, that we h xve ever experienced, has been accomplished by
the present council and to the exertion of no single Councillor
has the gratifying result been obtained, than to those of Mr.
Kennedy. A shrewed successful business man himself, he has
devoted a good deal of time, energy and business talent to the
affairs of the city. Mr. Kennedy was born in St. John's, and
served his time, with his father, one of the real old time, old

HON. JOHN HARRIS.

•was also elected under the larger franchise in the last election.
Mr, Harris is therefore the oldest member of the Council, and
has devoted a lot of time and more than ordinary business
ability and energy to the welfare of the City. It is to his ini-
li.ilive that Kannei man Park was first converted from a neglected
svvampinto its present state. He was also the first to recognize
the i laim of the civic laborers an<l-oT) his motion the rate per
diem was raised for the first time from 80 cts to jSi.oo. While
safe-guarding the interest of property holders he has had an eye
for civic improvement, and for the entertainment of the citizens.
As a member of the Park Committee he has displayed great
ii terest in the concerts given during the summer evenings, and
in the embellishment and improvement of those recreation
grounds for the citizens. Mr. Harris is a Member of our local
House of Lords, and speaks with weight and dignity on the
various measures that come up for discussion before that august
body. Mr. Harris was one of the founders and for years Vice-
President of the Academia Institute, — the forerunner and pio-
neer of all the excellent clubs we have in the city at present. .
No man stands higher in the esteem of his fellow citizens than
Hon. John Harris.

MICHAEL J. KENNEDY.

world mechanics who built for future generations, and put hon-
est workmanship and conscientious effort in all things that came
to their hands to do. Mr. M. Kennedy and his brother E.
Kennedy started the firm of Kennedy Bros., shortly after the
decease of their father, and very soon earned the reputation of
being thoroughly reliable and satisfactory men to do business
with. After the great fire the Kennedy Bros., of which Mr. M.
Kennedy is senior partner, erected some of the finest of the
buildings that sprung up, and thus earned increased reputation
for good \\orkmanship. The latest building constructed by them
is the O'Donel Wing for the Benevolent Irish Society. The
Building Committee speak in terms of unstinted praise of the
satisfaUoiy- manner in « hich the work has been accomplished.
\\ hen it is said that Mr. Kennedy has been prominently identified
with the Total Abstinence Society all his life, that he is a smart
brainy and successful business man, that he is intensely patriotic
^as a Newfoundlander, and takes an honest pride in the better-
mei.t of the city of his birth, there is not much left to say, except
that it was the perception of these qualities by his fellow citizens
that gave Councillor M. J. Kennedy such a splendid vote as
that which he |:olltd Ln the last Municipal Election.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY,

Jaims t. martin,

New Candidate.

JAMES T. MARTIN was born forty years ago in the
City of St. John's. At an early age he was apprenticed
to the trade of Cabinet-Maker. After finishing his
apprenticeship, he worked as Journeyman for a number of years
until he went into business on his own account in 1900. By
dint of energy, sobriety and attention to the details of his busi-
ness, Mr. Martin has built up a splendid trade. He is looked
upon as a successful mechanic and embodies within himself that
type of workman who is beginning to make his influence felt in

JAMES T. MARTIN.

the country, and whom the labouring classes are more and more
every day lookiug up to as representative of their type and who
will in the future bring about many reforms which are so neces-
sary. The backbone of every country is its middle class, not
the privileged few. Being workmen ourselves, it is with a
certain amount of pleasure that we introduce Mr. Martin to the
notice of our readers as a successful mechanic and a good
citizen. We understand that it is his intention to be a candi-
date for Municipal honors. We wish him every success, feeling
assured that the citizens generally will stand by him in the
coming Election.

3obii 3. Caim

New Candidate.

MR. JOHN CAREW is the latest aspirant for civic hon"
ours. Mr. Carew was born in St. John's and is well
known to his fellow citizens as a good, solid man. He
is one of our most popular townsmen, and has been very sue*
cessful in his business as a builder and undertaker. He is a
man of large property interests and one who has always taken a
great interest in all matters pertaining to the welfare of his
native city. Mr. Carew has the reputation of being careful,
painstaking and thorough in his work, and possesses all the
qualities requisite to make a good civic representative. Mr.
Carew in the last election, consented to allow himself to be put
in nomination, and late though he was in the field, the large
vote he polled testified the esteem in which he was held
by his fellow townsmen. A large and influential body of citi-
zens have again requested Mr, Carew to allow himself to be
nominated in the coming election and he has consented, and
his friends are all sanguine that he will be returned with a large
majority. The QUARTERLY wishes him success, and feels con-
fident that if he is entrusted with a voice in the councils of the
" Fathers of the City" that Mr. Carew will give a good account
of himself, and prove to the citizens that their trust was not
misplaced, that he will turn out to be a "just steward" and that
the civic interests are safe in his hands.

THE "plates" of Mayor Shea, Councillors Harris, Bennett, Ellis, and
J. T. Martin, A. A. Parsons and J. S. Munn, were made from photographs
by S. H. Parsons. Councillor Kennedy's was made from a photograph by
James Vey.

CAPE RACE.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Phone 2O7.

P. O. Box 183.

QADCfN'S

Aerated Water Works,

166 & J68 Duckworth Street, St. John's.

JNO. R. BENNETT, Proprietor

Manufacturer and Bottler of all kinds of

High-Class Aerated Waters,

which are unequalled for purity and excellence.
Awarded Gold MeJal, Barcelona Exhibition, 1888.

City and Outport Orders promptly attended to.

& E. Kennedy,

CONTRACTORS and
BUILDERS..

Dealers in Pressed and Stock Brick,
Selenite, Plaster, Sand, Drain Pipes,
Cement, Chimney Tops, &c. *g

ll orders in the Carpentry, Masonry, and all classes
of work in the Building Business, promptly attended to.

OFFICE AND RESIDENCE:

38 Henry Street, # St. John's, Nfld.

Women's
Boots :

$1.60

i. 80

2.OO
2.5O

pc^ l&tow

SAY
OUR.
SHOES

ARE
THE BEST

Men's
Boots :

$1.80
2.OO
2. SO

JAMES VEY,

Gazette. Building,

Sole Agents for the Famous '* Queen Quality "

Shoe for Women.

PARKER & MONROE,

THE SHOE MEN,

195 & 363 Water Street.

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

M. MURPHY,!fe

West End Hair Dresser*

Hair Cutting, Shaving, and Refreshing Sea Foam.

Water Street West.

Opposite Angel Engineering & Supply Go's Store.

Job Printing of every description neatly executed.

Outport Orders promptly attended to.

JOHN J. EVANS, 34 Prescott Street, St. John's.

40 cents, and have The Newfoundland Quarterly sent to
your address in any part of Newfoundland or Canada for one year.
Foreign Subscription, except Canada, 50 cents a year.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

O
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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Dcutfoundlana

BONAVISTA.

1NOW approach the name of Bonavista around which a con-
troversy almost world-wide in its extent has been waged for
centuries past. I must premise, however, that in this pre-
sent essay I am considering the name not from a historic stand-
point, but from a purely nomenclature point of view. Hence
1 will avoid any trespass on the disputed domain of the

By Most Rev. M. F. Howley, D.D.
XIV.

(Greenland). Nor is there anj mention of the name Bonavista
in the writings of the contemorary Historians, .who wrote between
the date of Cabot's voyages (1497-8) and the year 1500, such
as Peter Martyr de Anghiera, Ramusio, Galvano, Oviedo and
others.

Again, with regard to maps. The only map we have extant
of this period (from 1497 to 1500) is that of

CABOT LANDFALL QUESTION'.

I intend to consider solely the meaning of the name and trace
as far as possible its origin and history without prejudice to the
question, whether this particular Cape or point of land was really
the first land seen, or touched at by Cabot or not.

Now, as regards the naming of the Cape, I maintain that,
whether it was or was not the first land seen by Cabot, it is
certain that the Cabots

DID NOT GIVE THE NAME OK BONAVIKTA.

The Cape which bears the name, and has borne it ever since
the beginning of the XVI. Century, on all maps known to exist
which have been made subsequent to the year A.I). 1500, is a
very prominent headland
forming the southern en-
trance to the great bay
which takes the same
name, situated in Latitude
N. 48° 41' 56". It is "a
bold cliffy point" (Sailing
Directions). The coast
scenery around is grand
and magnificent. Bishop
Mullock, in his Lecture
(I. 12) gives the following
description of it : " We
•• may imagine the anxiety
" of Cabot looking out for
" land on the western ho-
" rizon, when from the
" lofty mast a sailor cries ,
" out 'Land !' The Italian,
" perhaps often deceived
" by fo_;-banks, sees at
" length the Cape well de-
" fined, the surges break-
" ing on the Spillars, the
" dark green of the forest,
" gives expression to his
" feelings, in his own mu-
" sical tongue, and cries out ' Buona Vista !' "

I give this quotation inertly to show what was the tradition in
Newfoundland, and also on account of its breezy and sunshiney
eloquence. I regret, however, to be obliged to dissipate its his-
torical halo by my hard and ciitical facts. We have no proof
whatever that Cabot gave tl.is name, while we have abundant
proofs that he did not.

We h.ive accounts of Cabot's first voyage (1497) from several
contemporary writers, such as Don Raimondo Soncini, Ambas-
sador at London of the Duke of Milan. A letter of his exists
of date i8th December, 1497, a few month's after Cabot's
return. We have also a letter from Lorenzo Pasqualigo (or
Pasquaglio ?) a Venetian merchant in London (23rd Aug. 1497)
not quite three weeks after Cabot's return (Aug. 6). We have
a third letter written by Pedro de Ayala, Prothonotary and As-
sistant to the Ambassador of Spain in England, dated 25111 July,
1498. This was while Cabot was absent on his second voyage.
These are the only letters extant, or at least jet discovered,
which treat of Cabot's first voyage only. In these letters there is

NO MENTION OF THE NAME BONAVISTA.

The only names mentioned are " New World." " New Land,"
" Baccalaos," " Cape St. Marc's," " St. John's," " Terra Firma"

CAPE BONAVISTA.

JUAN DE LA COSA.

De La Cosa was pilot with Columbus on his voyages. In the
year 1500, he made his famous map, in which he drew that por-
tion of the coast discovered by the Cabots. We know that John
Cabot made both a map and a solid globe, showing his course
and his landfall. Unfortunately both are lost. It is most
probable that they were sent to Spain by the Spanish Ambas-
sador De Puebla, or his assistant De Ayala, and they may
some day yet be brought to light. If such should be the case,
the long disputed question of the landfall would be settled once
for all, and also the question of the nomenclature.

In the meantime we have the map of La Cosa. As La Cosa

himself was never in those
northern latitudes, it is
thought that he must have
got his information from
Cabot's map, or from
Cabot himself. Now on
that map there is shown
a prominent Cape, but it
is not called " Bonavista"
but

CABO DE LOS INGLESES,

" Cape of the English,"
and along the coast-line
south-westward from this
Cape there is the legend
" Mar descitbierto par Ing-
leses" (Sea discovered by
the English). This of
course alludes to the
Cabot's, who sailed from
England. There is no
such name as Bonavista
on this map. In the year
1843, a maP was discov-
ered purporting to have
been made by Sebastian
Cabot in 1544; but it is
intelligent critics as a clumsy forgery. It
At all events what

now rejected by all

places the Cabot Landfall in Cape Breton
ever may be .thought of it, it does not give the name of " Bona-
vista," but

PRIM A VISTA.

But, as I have said, this map is not authentic. Its genuineness
has been completely demolished by Harisse, one of the' most
expert writers on this question, in his recent work — " John and
Sebastian Cabot." Having thus far I think clearly proved that
the Cabots did

NOT GIVE THE NAME OF BON AVISTA.

I now come to consider the question, who ///Vz'give it ? Shortly
after Cabot's voyages, viz., in the first quarter of the XVI. Cen-
tury, we have a series of maps by various cartographers, which,
while retaining the original names of the Cabots, such as St.
John's, Baccalao, St. Mark's, New land, New Island, New
World, &c., introduce also a new set of names of Portuguese
origin such as Fortuna, Fogo, Freilio, Bonavista, Bonaventura,
Capo Spera, San Francisco, Capo Raso, &c., every one of which
still exists on our shores.

In order to explain the origin of these names it will be neces-
sary to make a short digression into the Realms of History.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

In the days of which we are treating the Portuguese were
undoubtedly the most enterprising ruvigitors and coloiizers in
the world, while England hid n3t yet at all di/ebpid th.it wsn-
drou-s talent for discovery and coloaiz.ition which afterwards
made her the Mistress of the Sais. When C ibst reported his
wondrous "find" of the New land in the west, hs was h irdly
taken seriously in England. No interest was taken in the dis-
covery for nearly a hundred years after. Cabot was given a
present by the King of ten pounds .' to go an:l enjoy himself
and have a "good time," (far buima zira, as Soncini says).

Not so, however, with the Portuguese. They eagerly drank
in the story of Cabot's discovery, and organizing an expedition
in the year 1500, two years after Cabot's return. Caspar de
Cortereal came out to Newfoundland, discovered the country
anew and claimed it for the Crown of Portugal. Cortereal was
Governor of the island of Terceira in the Azores. It was from
thence he sailed to discover Newfoundland. He had doubtless
informed himself well concerning Cabot's voyages. He may
probably have seen John Cabot's map and Clobe. He sailed
Directly for the point of Cabot's landfall between 47,M>Q and
48^2° N. Latitude, and having made the promine'nt Headland
seen by Cabot, he gave it the name of

BONAVISTA.

This naming was not, as Bishop Mullock poetically imagines, an
outburst of enthusiasm on the part of these Southern excitable
mariners. It was simply an example of a custom most pieva-
lent among those early navigators, of calling the places discov-
ered by them in the New World by Ihe names of places they
had left behind them in the old. The name Hona Vista was a
favorite one with the Spaniards and Portuguese. It occurs fre-
quently in the Atlantic groups of the ('ape Verde. Canary, and
Madeira Islands, under the forms of Boa Vista, Buetia YiMa
etc. This point on the Newfoundland shore is particulaily
mentioned by Ramnsio, the historian of Cortereal's voyage, as
" Bona Yisla the northern point of Baccalaos." It was the goal
of a'l Western Navigators. Hence a few years later (1534) we
find Jacques Cartier making this Cape as surely, and unerringly,
as the captains of our ocean liners make it to-day. Carlier
speaks ot the name of Bonavista as if thoroughly well known in
his time. Again still nearer to Cabot's time — \\7... in 1^27.
Yerazzano, an Italian, voyaging for France, came out and dis-
covered " New France" (afterwards Nova Scotia). " He coasted
north," we read, ''until he came to the land which in times past
(i.e., 1497) was discovered by the Britons (viz., Cabots) and
which is in latitude 50°." Bonavista is very near that latitude.
All this of course, while depriving Cabot of the honor of having
given the name and disillusionizing us of our childhood's dream
of Cabot crying out in a burst of enthusiasm " (), Buona Vista,"
nevertheless tends to strengthen the theory of this point having
been Cabot's Landfall.

Coming Southwards from Cape Bonavista we immediately
arrive at

THE SMLLARS.

This is an interesting name. It seems to me to be a corruption
of the Italian word spilla, which means a pin. This, of course,
conveys the same idea as the English name, " The Needles," a
generic name applied constantly to any sharp pinnacle of rock
rising out of the ocean. The well known " Needles" on the
western point of the Isle of Wight, English Channel, is an ex-
ample. The " English Pilot," 1755, describes the Spillars Point
as " indifferent high, steep up, and bold." It is possible, though
not probable, that this name is derived from the old English
name "Spiller," which means a boulter or trawl, a word which
has been corrupted by our local fishermen into

BULL-TOW.

As we come along the shore we encounter other names, which
are common to almost every Bay in Newfoundland, and wnich
have already been discussed in former articles of this series,
such as Bird Island, C. L'Argent, Flower's Rocks, Green I.,
Stone I., Gull I., &c., &c. We now enter The Great Bay of
Trinity, the nomenclature of which will be Considered a little
later on. In the meantime the first harbour we meet is

CATALINA.

This name appears on very early maps, such as Thornton's

(1689), Lotter's (1720), Moll (1735). Sometimes it appears
with mistaken spelling, as in Seller's map (1671) we ha.'e
Castilion, in Thornton (1689), Castalion, &c. In all the French
maps it is given as the " Havre de Ste Catherine."

The first mention (as far as I know) of this harbour is by
Jacques Cartier in 1534.

Cartier set out on his first voyage from St. Malo in Britanny
on Monday, April 2oth, 1534. He arrived off Cape Bonavista
(Cap de Bonneviste) on May loth, a very good voyage of 30 days.
On account of the ice, he was obliged to put into the harbour of

SAINT KATHERINE'S.

The Abbe F'erland, a Canadian Historian, say Cartier gave the
name to the Harbour. That is not correct. He found it already-
so named, and speaks of it as if it were well known at the time.
" We entered a harbour named St. Katherine's." Catalina is the
Spanish or Portuguese form of the name Catherine, as Bishop
Mullock explains in his Lecture. " The soft Spannish word for
Catherine — Catalina, like Kathleen in Irish." For a full account
of the origin of this name, I refer my readers to what I have writ-
ten in Article V. of this series, when speaking of an island near
Cape Norman, to which Cartier actually did give the name of
St. Katherine's, a name, however, which is now lost. A little
south of Catalina is

RAGGED HARBOUR.

The name is expressive. " It is so called," says the British Pilot, "by rea-
on of the abundance of ragged and scraggy locks which lie before it and
i the harbour. . . . There are many rocks above and under water." The
ame is found frequently repeated on our coasts, as in the "Ragged Islands"
\ Placentia Bay on the west side of Meracheen Island. In French maps it
s translated •• 7/cv C«//<r.r," that is cut-up islands, and in an Italian map in
11 y possession (no date) this harbour is called •' 1'ort Stracciato."* That
vord, however, hardly expresses the idea, as it applies principally to clothes
loin to rags. Coming towards the harbour of Trinity we meet a very pro-
minent and remarkable point called

"THE HORSE CHOPS."

This headland is thus described in the " Sailing Directions": " ' The Horse
" Chops,' an over-hanging cliff, sloping from a saddle-shaped hill 265 feet
" high, having off it, close to the shore, a detached islet, 6 feet above high
" water." On the French maps this headland is called '• Les UFacHoirs de
Cheval." There are several other names before reaching Trinity, such as
English Harbor, Salmon Cove. Robin Hood's Bay, Foxes' Island, Sherwick
or Sherwinck Point, &e., but they are not of any historical interest. I will
commence my next article with the harbour of Trinity.

At a recent meeting of the Nomenclature Committee, this harbour, at the request of the
peop'e of the place, lias been named Melrose.

Cbe Dirge of tl)c Deep,

By Dan Carroll.

A BOAT went out the bay one summer's mom,

By three well tried and hardy fishers manned ;
Three brave and stalwart fishers by the fierce

Sea breezes tanned.
The evening saw that fishing boat's return :

With listless dragging sail she drifted on ;
Two sad and silent fishers sat apart,

Their mate was gone.
And he was youngest of the men who'd sailed ;

The brightest where the merry jest was passed ;
We recked not that that morning's cheery hail
Should be his last.
Ah ! many a fishing crew has come to grief,

When their taut bark was riding most secure,
By squalls that strike, as strikes the ambushed foe,

Subtle and sure.
And yet, glad wavelets kiss the sombre shore,

Unmindful of the lost, brave, fishermen,
And then as if the rocks rebuked their glee

Shrink back again.
They shrink as if but then aware of woe —

Of hearts awaiting loved ones from the deep, —
Of breaking hearts of wives and mothers doomed

To wait and weep.
They go to seek the deeps of ocean caves,

And ever 'till old ocean's storms are o'er,
Beside the hardy fishers deep-sea graves

They'll sigh for evermore.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

l»eans of Acquiring Distinction.

By F. H. Scott.

0RIGINALTIY is rare. Thought, the motive power of
human progress in all ages, casts its shadow upon the
looking-glass of men's minds in such a way as to pro-
duce an infinity of images. These images differ only in the
clearness of their outline and the apparent details of their con-
struction. All are the same : shadows of one substance, pictures
of one scene. In all their essential points they correspond. The
object which produces these images separates its possessor from
the rest of mankind ; it marks him out as being in many respects
superior to ordinary men. This is what constitutes distinction.
To originate an idea, whether in the arts or in the sciences, and
to make that idea known and appreciated by the rest of the
world is a ready means of gaining distinction. But this means
is confined only to the few who are fortunate enough to possess
what we generally call a " gift." Very few indeed would attain
any degree of fame or notoriety if originality were the only
means of success.

To stand out above and beyond one's fellows is an ambition
dear to many human hearts, and it is well that it is so; but that
it is given only to the few to attain such a position is but ac-
cording to nature. The Earth would be a dreary waste if undu-
lating plains did not alternate with rugged mountains, fertile
valleys with elevated table lands. It is the beauty of a coun-
try that it contains forests and fields, lakes and rivers, highlands
and lowlands in charming contrast one with another. The song
of the bird is never so sweet as when accompanied by the bab-
bling of the little brook that gurgles and trickles down the rocks
of the hillside, or passes between banks clothed with trees or
bordered with flowers to the larger body of water beyond.
Without valleys there could be no hills and without the even
sweep of the plain, the rugged beauty of the mountain would
not be one-half so delightful.

So it is with man. Ever since the world became a collection
of individuals this alternation between lofty and low, great and
small, has been perpetually apparent. Adam, in the Garden of
Eden, assumed superiority over Eve, and both over the beasts
of the field. Noah, in the ark, assumed control of all dwelling
in it as the captain of the ship and all looked up to him to guide
and direct them. A father assumes superiority over his house-
hold by a natural right and in all departments of life men are
divided into different degrees according to their rights or capa-
cities. It is as natural for some men to receive respect and for
other men to render it as it is for all men to desire sleep. In
many cases this assumption of a superior or inferior position is
in the ordinary sequence of events; it is a process of evolution,
whereby men rise or fall gradually and of necessity from one
point to another without any direct interference by their own
will. But advancement in this manner is an attribute of genius
alone. Mediocrity can only rise by industry and tact. In the
great majority of cases, as any careful reader of history will find,
a man's position and circumstances are largely of his own mak-
ing; the result of the manner in which he set about to mould the
conditions under which, he lived so as to reap an advantage to
himself either directly or through the community in which he lives.

The means of advancement, or the different channels through
which ordinary men have been enabled to pass to a high posi-
tion in human affairs, increase in numbers as the centuries pass
and as the field of supplies for man's ever increasing needs
broadens. At present there are traceable four distinct paths by
which men, not possessed of any particular or exceptional talent,
have travelled, who have sought to establish a name for them-
selves among their fellows. These are through military, social,
religious and political life.

In the early stages of human existence the necessity of pro-
viding and securing food for himself made man a fighting
animal. While the word military, both in its derivation and
present use applies only to soldiers, yet, for convenience' sake,
we shall include under the word military, all that part of human-

ity which in any way deals with fighting. Primitive man had a
very small brain capacity. His needs were but those of the
ordinary animals, and his means of supplying those needs were
exceedingly limited. But as soon as man became spread over
the face of the earth and the various members of the human
family became scattered, a rivalry sprang up between man and
his fellows. This rivalry is the real cause of human progress.
In those days, and for long after, man's brain was unceasingly
active devising means whereby he could overcome his neigh-
bour or get some decided advantage over him. It was then
that two divisions of men arose : those who serve and those who
are served. Men who were not strong enough to defend them-
selves, or whose peculiar position or location made organization
more advantageous to the several individuals, banded together
under one man who was much stronger than the rest, and who
eventually became their king, clothed with absolute power and
authority over them. Thus the system of Kings and subjects
and the different orders of men, which are now gradually losing
the marks which distinguished them one from another, developed.
While a nation remains barbaric distinction in arms is the only
or almost the only distinction obtainable.

Next in the ordinary course of events, as a means of advance-
ment, comes lelijon or science. As man became further and
fun her removed from the time of his origin in the Universe, he
br.'g.m to torgt-t or become estranged from his Maker. But a
mi. ul com. lining tin: seeds which have developed into such
gigantic plants, bearing their .seeds in themselves, began to seek
for .something to explain its existence. With one-half of his
nature spiritual and (lie other half carnal, man began to v.onder
where the one began and the other ended. To supply this
want religion sprang up and partook of its different forms to
satisfy the tastes of different classes of men. Those whose
minds were keen enough to perceive the beauties of nature, and
to explain, or in any slight degree control its workings, became
respected, then revered by their fellow men. Truth gradually
became more and more obscured as the time of the creation
receded, and was preserved, in varying degrees of purity, only
by the better and deeper-thinking minds. Thus the different
ethical .systems of the world sprang up. Temples were erected
to the gods, and those who advanced the best or most plausible
theories in relation to the supernatural, attained great distiuc-
tio'i among their fellows. When the Great and Pure Light of
the World appeared He taught the true principles upon which
religion should be based, and His, the only religion of Divine
origin, eventually and naturally became the religion of the best
and most progressive sections of mankind. In the Govern-
ment and propagation of this religion men became of different
degrees of fame and distinction according to the different pro-
vinces and positions in which they worked, as well as in the
zeal which they displayed in that work. In modern days true
religion and true science go hand in hand. One provides the
groundwork on which research is to be based, and the other
removes from the structure which has formerly been built upon
that groundwork, the useless vines and weeds which have en-
twined themselves around it. This is a province in which many
men who seek the welfare of mankind both by religion, in its
commonly accepted significanc, and by original research attain
distinction.

As men began to divide up into tribes and large families cer-
tain rules of procedure among themselves when in one another's
company became recognised and obedience to them required,
and out of these have grown the somewhat complicated social
systems of the world. These rules generally included deference
to certain men or classes in the tribe or family, and men
became distinguished as they attained a position which would
command this from the rest. In modern days, however, dis-
tinction in social life, unless won by distinction in some other
department of life, is of little value. It may, however, be a means
of retaining distinction once held, or be a stepping stone to

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

higher and more worthy fame, and thus merits a place among
the other means to that end.

Political means of advancement is of much later date. It could
not and did not come into any wide use until the great majority
of mankind came to be made up of rational beings, who were
no longer content to think as their father's had thought and
were determined to seek and to find for themselves, solutions
to the various problems of life. Ere politics became a depart-
ment of life in which men might find an outlet for their super-
fluous thought and power, the light of intellect had begun to
shine clearly and warmly upon the various institutions of life
and to decompose them into their component parts. The in-
troduction of politics was the introduction of new blood. An
opening had to be made to admit it, and hence the advent of
politics amongst human institutions was accompanied by unusual
uproar. Military, religious and social life all developed natur-
ally and were accompanied by a fair share of violence and dis-
turbance, but none changed the habits and modes of thought as
the introduction of politics did. Man's claim to be free and his
hatred of those who would bind him down, developed slowly
but surely to a crisis, but when that crisis came it changed the
face of the civilized world. The renascence of the fifteenth and
sixteenth centuries was a revival of letters ; but in its most vio-
lent and noteworthy feature, it was mainly political. It sprang
from a desire on the part of kings and subjects to be free from
outside influence in their civil and religious affairs, as a stepping
stone to the freedom of the individual, which later developed.
To achieve distinction in politics is to obtain control of public
affairs, and to direct them in such a way as that they shall be a
credit to the man and to the nation.

And now we come to the last branch of human effort: business, "this
has long been looked down upon by the so-called higher orders of men.
Trades-people and merchants were, for a long time, in the older countries,
considered as unfit for membership in " Society." But they have forced
themselves to the front. The body and sinews of the nation, for centuries
they have supplied the power whereby the nation is worked, and now they
claim and obtain a share in the application of that power. Gain can only
be obtained when the means at one's disposal are properly used and ap-
plied, hence merit is to a large extent the only means of proper and sub-
stantial advancement in business life.

We have thus touched upon the five main means of attaining a high
position in the estimation of men. But there is one great and true means
of advancement running through all these. Success in any department of
life is not real unless it has been acquired by proper and righteous means.
Men may stand head and shoulders above the ordinary crowd, but unless
the pedestal which enables them thus to stand is of good material and
firm, unless the foundation, as well as the main structure of their career, is
strong and thick, they are bound to fall, and when they have fallen, they
are stretched at the feet of the meanest men in the crowd. The great and
essential means of acquiring distinction is by strict, but reasonable, adher-
ence to truth and honour in the building of character. Philanthropy is a
right conception of what one owes lo one's fellow men. It does not con-
sist meiely in bestowing favours upon those with whom we are brought
into contact. To do real and lasting good we must understand man and
form such a conception of him as will enable us to do for all men some
substantial benefit. This is the true means of acquiring distinction whether
employed by the genius or the ordinary man. and distinction thus acquired
is one of the few things in this world worth holding. It may be only
amongst a few, or it may be amongst the whole of mankind, but wherever
it is and however limited is its scope, to be distinguished for a love of one's
fellow men is to be distinguished indeed.

from the Reid-Newfoundland Co's]

{Collection of Photos .

BURIN.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Books Hbout Mfoundlanl

bisiorc of tbc Ciovcrnmcni ot neutfoundlund.

Eondon, T793,
Bp 3oDn RCCKS, T.R.6.S., CDkr Justice.

AMONGST the distinguished men who made Newfoundland,
there is no more honoured name than John Reeves, our
first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. He was neither
brilliant nor eloquent, but he was the man for the crisis in our
history. A good lawyer, honest, and capable ; an upright Judge,
thoroughly impartial and fearlessly independent. No rent-col-
lecting Irish landlord was ever so villified, abused and persecuted
as the Chief Justice. The West Country merchants of that day
hunted him down like a criminal. Not content with attacking
him on all occasions when in office, they pursued him into his
retirement and published infamous libels about him, which, on
investigation, only displayed more clearly his upright and hon-
ourable character. One of the vilest charges made against the
Chief was that he had secured the appointment of his succes-
sor in office in order to share half his salary.

John Reeves, before coming to this country, rilled a high
position in England as legal adviser to the Board of Trade. It
was then designated as " Law Clerk to the American Depart-
ment," but was really a branch of the Imperial Privy Council.
The records of the first Courts are still preserved in the beauti-
ful handwriting of the Chief Justice, and are the best proofs of
his admirable character, his learning and judicial impartiality.
Besides the history to which I shall briefly refer, he gave most
voluminous evidence before a Committee of the House of Com-
mons in 1793. It is of a most interesting character and throws
a vivid side-light on the affairs of the Colony.

Reeves' best known work is his " History of the Government
of Newfoundland." It is a paltry little book poorly bound and
printed on very inferior paper. (1 should feel much obliged if
the gentleman who has appropriated my copy of this work —
valuable to me not only for my own notes, but also as a presen-
tation copy from the author to the Attorney General — would
return it to me.) Everything is written down in rather a dry
sort of manner. The 'Chief had no literary graces and he
seems also to have been denied the divine gift of humour, all
the same it is one of the most useful and informing works on
some dark pages in the history of the Colony.

In no country in the world were there ever such humorous
experiments made in creating Courts of Law without any legal
authority or means to execute judgments.

Leaving out old Sir Richard Whitbourne's so called Court of
Admiralty, without even a bum baliff to serve process or any
executive officer whatever. Reeves describes to us a still more
remarkable tribunal created in 17 1 1 by Captain Crowe, R.N., and
subsequently by Captain Sir Nicholas Trevanion. It was a most
extraordinary blend of Legislative, Judicial, Municipal and Ex-
ecutive functions. A Town Council without a Mayor or a Coat
of Arms, or a water rate; a House of Assembly without an elec-
tion, and an executive that dealt with all things great and small
from local defence and the Parson's salary down to the impound-
ing of pigs.

Captain Crowe had been in New England and from the New
England Town meeting he took his ideas. There the citizens of
each Township assemble in general meeting once a year, or
oftener, levy taxes, decide on improvements and appoint the

necessary executive officers to carry out their arrangements
during the ensuing twelve months. This curious motly Assem-
bly worked well in Newfoundland for several years. In New
England, as the towns became more populous, it passed out of
the preliminary stage of the Town Meeting into real Represen-
tative Government. In our Colony it owed its brief existence
to the times. A state of war compelled the inhabitants to unite;
when the danger passed all'-^he old rivalries and dissensions
returned in full force.

Between 1713 and 1791 all sorts of expedients were resorted
to for the creation of a Court of Justice. The Crown lawyer at
last advised that an act of Parliament was necessary for the
legal constitution of such a tribunal. So after much searching
of heart, at the instance of Admiral Mark Milbanke and his very
able Secretary Aaron Graham (who afterwards became a
London Police Magistrate), the House of Commons passed an
Act in 1791, 31. Geo. III., C, XXIX., creating a Court for one
year in Newfoundland designated, " The (Joint of Civil Juris-
d cii >n of our Lord the King at St. John's in the Island of
Newfoundland."

Next year it was properly set forth as •• The Supreme Couit
of Judicature of the Island of Newfoundland." All these Acts
were only for one year, and were continued annually until 1809.
The opposition of the West Country merchants was so fierce
and determined that it was treated by the Imperial Parliament
as a possibly evil thing, and only timidly renewed annually as a
dangerous experiment. Reeves first sat as Chief Justice in St.
John's in 1791, his two Assessors were Aaron Graham and
I)' Ewes Coke.

Amongst the most bitter opponents of the New Tribunal were
one Peter Ougier, a Devonshire merchant, carrying on business
at Hay Bulls. He writes, "They have got a lawyer and judge
novv in Newfoundland; next thing we shall hear that they have
built roads and are rowling about in their carriages!"

William Newman of Dartmouth, was sued on a bill of ex-
change for £12 — servants wages. He would not pay because
the bill was endorsed by a marksman. Reeves held on the
evidence that the endorsement was good and as the Defend-
ants agent would not pay execution had to issue. Newman
considered himself most cruelly used because the Privy Coun-
cil would not send home as prisoners to England the Chief
Justice, the Sheriff, the witnesses and all the officers of the Court.

Reading over Chief Justice Reeves' judgements which are
on the whole most excellent, one sees plainly that he is not
exempt from the prejudices and defects of his age. Corporal
punishment was the great remedy for crime. We live in a dif-
ferent era, so we must not be surprised to learn about one of
his amazing Judgments. He tried some fishermen for taking
eggs at the Funks, which had been forbidden by Proclamation.
It was proved that one of the prisoners, Clarke, lived at Greens-
pond. He was in absolute want of food for hij family and the
eggs were taken solely to keep them from starving.

Whilst sentencing the other prisoners to be publicly whipped.
He solemnly ordered that out of regard to those mitigating cir-
cumstances in Clarke's case he was only to be privately whipped.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

I am afraid poor Clarke would not appreciate this delicate dis-
tinction. Reeves only filled the office of Chief Justice for two
years. He spent the summer in St. John's and went hcme in
the man of war each fall.

They could not induce him to try a third term. His salary
was ^"500 a year, and the. Assessors £200 each. After Reeves'
retirement a Notary — one D'Evves Coke — was appointed,
with only ^300 per annum; and continued until 1797, when
he was succeeded by Richard Routh, who had been Collector
of Customs — a really able man. Routh was drowned in
1800. There was no appointment in 1801, but in 1802 Jona-
than Ogden, Surgeon's Mate, was exalted to the Supreme
Bench. Then came Tom Tremlett, a broken down merchant,
whose reply to charges made against him by his fellow mer-
chants will ever remain immortal.

" To the first charge, Your Excellency, I answer that it is a
lie. To the second charge, I say that it is a d — d lie ; and to
the third charge, that it is a d — d infernal lie. And, your Ex-
cellency, I have no more to say.

Your Excellency's obedient servant,

THOMAS TREMLETT."

Tremlett was the last of the unlearned Judges. He was
swopped off for Coesar Colcough, an Irish barrister of an old
family. Subsequently a real Supreme Court, with three lawyers,
came into existence.

Reeves spent the evening of his days near London. He oc-
cupied himself with a great work in four volumes — The History
of English Law. It is a learned and laborious treatise, shows
research and wide reading. Without gifts of style it fell dead
flat. It is distinctly learned, but the damning attribute of dulness
was fatal to its popularity. Comparisons were made between
Reeves' production and the elegant classic commentaries of
Blackstone. The Chief took a warm interest in the distressed
French Protestant clergy driven from home by the Revolution,
and all the proceeds of his various literary works were devoted
to their support. He died unmarried at an advanced age.

I). W. PROWSE.

February 8th, rgod.

Cittledalc.

By a Member of the Littledale Literary Club.

IT has been truly said that ;' Nature unadorned is most adorn-
ed," and we need no further proof of its truth than to look
around us and see the landscape in its wintry apparel, and
we are obliged to confess that in spite of all inventions, arts and
sciences, it is beyond the power of man to deck the trees in
robes of glittering white, to arrange in artless heaps and hollows
the trembling, melting snow-flakes, or even to add one touch of
art which would make the unadorned snow-clad earth more
perfect.

From my desk, I can dimly discern the golden hues of sunset,
and as those brilliant, penetrating rays flit across the meadows
through the'trees and sparkle on the windows, I think that even
if I were an artist, it would be very difficult to do justice to this
beautiful scene. Yet this is only one of the many beautiful
views which our Littledale presents. Situated on Waterford
Bridge Road, it is neither too near the busy city, nor too far
away from it, for it commands a very pleasant view of Water-
ford Bridge and the river, the delightful scenery of which invites

many citizens to take a stroll along its grassy banks during the'
summer season. Littledale, with its verdant lawn and shady
avenues, is too well known to be again described, but many
people are ignorant of the various improvements that have been
made in the Academy, among which the most striking is the
new wing. This is a large stone building containing a fine class-
hall, a chapel, a corridor and music-rooms. With its polished
floor and oak prie-dieux, over which the sunbeams play and
reflect gorgeous tints from the stained-glass window. Our little
chapel merits the admiration of all who visit it. The other
features of architecture and beauty, space will not permit me to
mention, but it is necessary that a few remarks be added about
the class-hall, which in its dimensions and general appearance
commands the approbation of all our friends. Several years
ago the school could scarcely boast of such a pleasant aspect
as it now wears, for at the entrance we are greeted by the
beautiful proscenium, which was presented to us by His Grace,
the Archbishop. The drop-curtain is a view of the City of St.
John's in 1858, and its beautiful colouring and fancy border
reflect great credit on the artist — Mr. D. Carroll. There are
many other things worthy of note, but these must be kept for
another time, in order that we may pass from the interior to the
beautiful scenery which surrounds us, of which the following is a
faint and very imperfect description : —

Scarcely have we entered the eastern gate when we perceive
indistinctly the Convent hidden in the trees. At present those
trees are bent beneath the snow, that sparkles in the sunlight
and gives the place an air of purity, but in summer their branches
droop with a weight of green, and fill the air with the songs of
our little birds. The avenue is lined with trees on either side,
and in front extends the lawn, which is often the mute witness
of many gaities and parties. Behind the school is what we
school-girls have always called the " Mount." This is a hill
which is quite overgrown with ferns, moss and other wild grasses
and flowers and is one of the sweetest spots I have ever seen.
Through a grove of spruce, over a path of turf, we pass into an
open field, around which is a circular path, opening from a rustic
gate and lined all along by wild pear trees, ferns and wild roses,
untill we reach the other end. Through an other gate we pass
into a grove, but one quite different from the first. Instead of
spruce trees, others of not so formidable aspect strike our view ;
our path soft and velvety, consists of moss and trailing maiden-
hair with purple violets, white stars and tiny pink bells strewn
in fragrance all around. This walk leads down to the " Lake,"
which is almost hidden is a circle of very tall trees. As we
come nearer the bank, we are attracted by the bronzy tints of
its surface, but when we stand near, we see that the trees reflect
their shadows on the water. But here we must not tarry, for we
have quite a long journey to make to get back to Littledale.

We return by the same mossy path, and go down a steep, little
hill of turf, and we find ourselves south-west of the Convent.
The avenue continues unbroken as far as the western main gate,
and here we must pause and take a look at the surrounding
scenery ; northward, we see the " Mount"; eastward, the splen-
did lawn and avenue ? southward, the " dear old Southside Hill,"
and westward the smiling country basking in the glory of the
setting sun.

Words can but inadequately express the beauty of this charm-
ing view, and I think that further writing wou'd be useless, as
so many have seen the place before, and to visit it will be a
pleasure for many more next summer. During the winter, of
course, the trees and fields are covered with snow, but this ren-
ders the spot still more beautiful, because it reminds us of the
purity and spotlessness which belong to an innocent soul.

Space will not allow me to say anything more, and finally I
would appeal to all our ex-pupils and friends who may have
passed a time in the happy school circle of Littledale and ask
if my little essay does not bring back to their minds the impres-
sions formed of our "Fernland Home" and make them feel just
one little pang of regret, as they see new forms and faces in the
spot where passed their golden school-days ?

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

*•* CDc political D)oralitp or Revolutionists. **

MARMONTEL relates a conversation with Chamfort, some
time before the meeting of the States-General (May 5,
1789) of France. " Repairs" said Chamfort, " often cause
ruins, . . . and assuredly here the edifice is so decayed
that I should not wonder if it became necessary to demolish it
altogether. . . . And why not rebuild it on another plan ?
k . . Would it be, for instance, so great a misfortune if they
were not so many stories, and everything were on the ground-
floor ? . . . The advantage on the side of the people in revo-
lution is, that it has no morality. How can you resist men to
whom all means are good ?" Marmontel repeated this note-
worthy speech to Maury on the same evening. " It is but too
true," said Maury, " that in their speculations they are not far
wrong, and that the fashion has chosen its time well to meet
with few obstacles. ... I am resolved to perish in the
breach ; but I have at the same time the melancholy conviction
that they will take the place by assault, and that it will be pil-
laged." The history of the French Revolution is the most forci-
ble commentary on words of the spokesman of the Republican,
party ; and the history of France since is the best proof how Pro-
vidence in the course of time punishes a people destitute of
political morality. It would be easy to point instances of
political immorality in the American Revolution, not merely in
the duplicity of the Revolutionary leaders in their professions of
loyalty, not merely in their misrepresentations concerning the
designs of the Imperial Government, but in their persecution of
the Loyalists, before and after the war of Separation, and in
their violation of the Treaty of 1783, by which they bound
themselves not to ill-treat the Loyalists who where then in the
United States. Revolutionists are always tyrants. " The two
forces which are the worst enemies of civil freedom," said Lord
Acton, in a memorable sentence, " are the absolute monarchy
and fie revolution." To the rule that revolutionists, when they
succeed, are tyrants, I cannot make an exception even of the
revolutionists of 1688, necessary as I know that revolution to
have been. Of Whiggery, when they triumphed, Lord Rose-
bery says : " Liberalism represents less the succession to, than
the revolt againt, Whiggery. . . . The Whig creed lay in a
triple divine right ; the divine right of the Whig families to
govern the Empire, to be maintained by the Empire, and to
prove their superiority by humbling and bullying the sovereign
of the Empire." Macaulay, the hagiologist of the Whigs, admits
that " VVhiggism had contracted a deep taint of intolerance dur-
ing a long and close alliance with the Puritanism of the seven-
teenth century." Lord Beaconsfield pronounces that the Whigs
established oligarchy under the name of political freedom, and
sectarian bigotry under the mask of religious freedom."

It would be superfluous to point out that the revolution which
was made in the name of civil and religious liberty was followed
by a more severe persecution of the unhappy Catholics, though
both the Head of the Church and the majority of English Ca-
tholics had protested against the conduct of James II. In
America, there was an outburst of Protestant bigotry ; and in
Maryland, the Protestant immigrants took advantage of the
liberty granted by its Catholic founders to seize the government
and deprive the Catholics of all political liberty. The condition
of the Irish Loyalists is thus described by one who, though
naturally fair and liberal, had no great love for the Celt or the
Catholic : —

" The exiles departed to learn in foreign camps that discipline
without which natural courage is of small avail, and to retrieve
on distant fields of battle the honour which had been lost by a
long series of defeats at home. In Ireland there was peace.
The domination [of the Revolutionists] was absolute. The
native population was tranquil with the ghastly tranquility of
exhaustion and despair. . . . The iron had entered into the
soul. The memory of past defeats, the habit of daily enduring
insult and oppression, cowed the unhappy people. . . . We
have never known, and can but faintly conceive, the feelings of
a people doomed to see constantly in all its public places the

•i, Ph. D.

monuments of its subjugation. Such monuments everywhere
met the eye of the Irish Catholic. In front of the Senate House
of his country, he saw the statue which [the Revolutionists] had
set up in honour of a memory, glorious indeed and immortal,
but to him an object of diead and abhorrence. If he entered,
he saw the walls tapestried with the most ignominious defeats
of his fathers. To him every trophy set up by the State was
a memorial of shame, and every festival instituted by the State
was a day of mourning."*

The author of "The Irish Abroad and At Home" says: —
" Within m\ own recollection and even till the period of the
Union, King William's birth-clay was observed with great cere-
mony. The troops composing the garrison of Dublin marched
from their respective barracks to the Royal Exchange, and then
turning to the right up to the Castle, and to the left to the
College, lined the streets, Cork Hill, Dame Street, and College
Green, on each side of the way. At the same time, the Ix>rd-
Lieutenant would be holding a levee. . . . The levee over,
he issued from the Castle, in his state-carriage and with great
pomp, followed (also in carriages) by the great officers of state,
the bishops (of the established church), the House of Lords and
Commons, ihe judges, the provost and fellows of Trinity, the
Lord Mayor and Alderman, and the gentlemen present at the
drawing room ; they passed down the line of streets and round
the .statue of Kinji William, and then returned to, the Castle."

The official celebration of anniversaries insulting to the mass
of the population was not the least among the evils from which
the Union relieved ]i eland. Is it too much to hope that the
growth of Christian Charily, of good feeling, and of good sense
among Protestants will finally do away with the celebration by
any body or society of the subjugation of one part of the popu-
lation of Ireland by the other? In Scotland, the defeat of the
Celt at Culloden is not commemorated by the Saxon of the Low-
lands ; and what would b^ the state of things if it were ? " In
Scotland," says Macauly, '• the Anglo-Saxon and the Celt have
been so completely reconciled that nothing is more usual than to
have a Lowlander talk with complacency and even with pride of
the most humiliating defeat (Killiecrankie) that his ancestors
ever underwent. When Sir Walter Scott mentioned Killiecran-
kie he seemed utterly to forget that he was a Saxon, that he was
of the same blood and the same speech with Ramsay's foot and
Annandales' horse. His heart swelled with triumph when he
relaled how his own kindred had fled like hares before a smaller
number of waniots of a different breed and of a different
tongue." In Canada, the French-Canadian is not insulted by
the Anglo Canadian ; and only last year, an American Governor
of a state, after a visit to Canada, exhorted the Northerners to
learn to honour the Southerners as the sons of the men who
fought under Wolfe honour the sons of the men who
fought und*er Montcalm. Nay, in South Africa, immediately
after the civil war of Boer and British is over, the vanquished
are never insulted by the celebration of victories which were
their defeats. Why in Ireland is not the memory of "old un-
happy far off things" allowed to die? Magnanimity is for
victors. How can there ever be peace in Ireland while the
memory of the Boyne is annually renewed and the Protestant
pulpits resound on that day with the tones not of Christian
Charity and peace but of hatred and insult ? Those who call
the green " rebel " ought to remember that another colour was
" rebel " in -1688. They may also recall that the green is the
colour of the gallant regiments that stormed Pieter'sHill, on the
road to Ladysmith, and who were addressed by Queen Victoria
of happy memory as " my brave Irish Soldiers."

" The Protestant masters of Ireland," says Macaulay, " while
ostentatiously professing the doctrines of Locke and Sydney,
held that people who spoke the Celtic tongue and heard mass
could have no concern in those doctrines. There were Irish
Catholics of great ability, energy, and ambition; but they were

•Macaulay, History of England.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

to be found everywhere except in Ireland, — at Versailles and at
Saint Ildefonso, in the armies of Frederic and in the armies of
Maria Theresa. Scattered all over Europe were to be found
brave Irish Catholic Generals, dexterous Irish diplomatists, Irish
Counts, Irish Barons, Irish Knights of Saint Lewis and Saint
Leopold, of the White Eagle and of the Golden Fleece, who,
if they had remained in the house of bondage, could not have
been ensigns of marching regiments or freemen of petty corpo:
rations. One exile became a Marshall of France. Another
became Prime Minister of Spain. If he had staid in his native
land, he would have been regarded as an inferior by all the
ignorant and worth'ess squireens who had signed the Decla-
ration against Transubstantiation. In his palace at Madrid,
he had the pleasure of being assiduously courted by the Ambas-
sabor of George the Second, and of bidding defiance in high
terms to the ambassador of George the Third."*

It is sometimes urged by Irish Protestants that they did not
persecute their Catholic countrymen as severely as the English
Protestants persecuted their countrymen. It is quite true that
the English Catholics had to endure a religious persecution
which began earlier and which was more continuous, more sys-
tematic, and more severe, though it ended sooner. But in the
first place, the Irish penal laws, though they began a century
and a half later than the English, were a direct breach of faith.
The Parliament of Ireland, tilled with Revolutionists declaiming
about liberty, refused to vote supply so long as the ratification
of the Treaty of Limerick was urged upon them by the Crown,
and refused to suppoit the war in defence nf the Revolution
unless allowed to legislate in violation of the treaty. In the
next place, the English Protestants cai ed enough about the souls
of their countrymen to wish to change their religion, and con-
sequently, the persecution was accompanied by persuasion, by
appeals to their nationalism, their " patiiotism," and their loyalty,
by arguments which were certainly full ot sophistry and misre-
presentation, but which at least treated the English Catholic as
a being endowed with a reason and a conscience. The Revolu-
tionists of Ireland did not wish to conveit. but only to impover-
ish and make ignorant, that they nrght oppress and degrade.
'• From what I have observed,'1 writes Burke, -'it is pride, arro-
gance, a spirit of domination, and not a bigoud spirit of religion
that has caused and kept up these oppiesshe statutes. 1 am
sure I have known those who I'ave o| pressed the Papists in
their civil rights, exceedingly indulgent to them in their religious
ceremonies; anil who wished them to conti.uie, in order to
furnish pretences for oppression, and who never saw a man by
conforming, escape out of their p :wer. but with grudging and
regret. I have known men to \\hotn I am not uncharitable, in
saying that they would become Pap:sts in order to oppress Pro-
testants, if, being Protestants, it was not in their power to
oppress Papists.'1 It is idle, therefore, for the descendants of
those persecutors to deny thdr guilt.

Macaulay observes that there were in those times fierce dis-
putes betweeii the Anglo-Irish and their Mother.Country. "But
in such disputes the aboriginal population had no. more interest
than the Red Indians in the dispute between Old England and
New England about the Stamp Act. or if they had an interest,
it was for their interest that the caste which domineered over
them should not be uncontrolled. The ruling few, even when
in mutiny against the government, had no mercy for anything
that looked like mutiny c n the part of the subject many. . . .
Neither Molyreux, nor Swift, neither Lucas nor Boyle, ever
thought of appealing to the native population. . . . Neither
Flood, nor those who looked up to him as their chief, and who
went close to the verge of treason at his bidding, would consent
to admit the subject class to the smal'est sh \\ e f political power.
The virtuous and accomplished Charlt mont. a Whig of the
Whigs, passed a long life contending for what he called the
freedom of his country. But he voted against the law which
gave the elective franchise to the Catholic freeholders ; and he
died fixed in the opinion that the Parliament House ought to be
kept pure from Catholic members. Indeed, during the century
which followed the Revolution, the inclination of a Protestant

•1 must observe that Wall, the Minister in question was not blindly anti-
English, and was in fact accused by the Spaniards of sacrificing Spanish
interests for the sake of England.

to trample on the (Catholic) Irishry was generally proportioned
to the zeal which he professed for political liberty in the abstract.
If an English Protestant uttered any expression of compassion
for the majority oppressed by the minority, he might safely be
set down as a Tory and High Churchman."

It is certain that the Nationalists respect the English Conser-
vatives and despise the so-called " Liberals." •' It was on
behalf of the Tories of the last century," writes Gavan Duffy,
" that the first offer to repeal the penal laws was made. Pitt,
prompted by Burke, projected the complete emancipation of the
Catholics; but a cabal in Dublin, in the interest of Protestant
a candency, thwa:ted the design of the statesmen. . . . The Irish
wing of the Tory party were bitter Whigs of the original-type, and
they gave to the policy of the entire connection an Orange tinge.
When emancipation came at last, it was the English Toiies who
carried it against another revolt of their allies in Irelanc.1' Mr.
T. P. ()' Connor lately said in the House that the same kind of
thing which is called an Orangeman in Ireland calls itself a
" Liberal" in England. When 1 first came to the United States
I received much kindness from the Professor of Gaelic in Wash-
ington University, an Irishman who had lived several years in
England and had there commenced the study of Gaelic at the
University of the town in which he lived. He was an extreme
Nationalist, but he always closed every tirade by sa\ ing : " But
mind, dont VI>H be under any delusions about English politics.
The Conservatives are the only decent people in England. The
others are only hypocrites." In thejear 1882 or 1883, an
Irish-American friend of mine, a piiest, said to the editor of the
Irish World (N. V.) : " Ford, is it not a shame for you to be
carrying on this dynamiting when the Liberal party are trying
to redress the wrongs of your people?" " Now, father," said
Ford, "in the first place, did my dynamite ever injure any per-
son ! and in the next place, did the liberals ever do anything for
Ireland except when they were scared into it ? and," he
added with a laugh, " they certainly are the most easily scared
animals thatl am acquainted with." Unjust as this opinion
may be (and yet the fear of dynamite was confessed in [886\
since it exists in the Irish, nothing that is conceded by the
"Liberals" can have any other effect than to encourage the
Irish to put the screws on them again for more. In (act, what
that party have to explain to us, is, why all the rivals and all the
enemies of their countiy abroad wish to see them in power, and
why all Britons living abroad, including the members of the em-
bassies, are absolutely unai imor.s against them.

The Conservative I'arty has now two advantages, (i) It has shaken off
the Duke of Devonshire, the " Old Man of the Sea." (2) It is in opposi-
tion. The nation has voted for a lest, for it is too tired fur any hetoic
effort, and wants a sleep. When it wakes, in perhaps two years' time, the
Conservatives being not tied down to office, will become the party of move-
ment.. Twenty years ago, when the Liberals were beaten at the geneial
election, Loid Acton, Mr. Gladstone's greatest friend, wrote to him: " I
suppose that the secret of the situation is that Chamberlain looked far
ahead, and did not care to come back to office, in the old combination."
That is the explanation now. The Duke of Devonshire, too slow and too
conservative for the " Liberals" in 1-885, 's to day their real leader and their
master. His position is a proud tribute to the value of character in Eng
Hsh politics, even if it is also a uibute to the value of intellectual sluggish-
ness. I pay him a tribute all the more readily because of an unshaken
conviction, in this darkest hour of the policy he opposes, that this policy
is destined to triumph. When the Nationalist party was led by a renegade
Anglo-Saxon, hating the land of his fathers with the hate of hell, and their
sting to humble England in the eye of the woild. the Liberals ap< statized
and surrendered to him. Now, when the Iiish masses aie in a reasonable
and conservative temper, and when the Nationalists aie led by a man
opposed to Repeal and believing in Imperial Federation, the (II) Liberals
apostatize in a reveise direction to gain the alliance of the Duke of Devon-
shire, which makes him their master as Parnell was their master. The
history of that party shows this fact clearly, that, where the object is to put
their party in office, the end with them justifies the1 means The Conser-
vatives have now their chance. " So I looked then, as I look now," wrote
Disiapli to Sir John Skelton in 1864, " to a leconciliation between the Tory
Party and the Roman Catholic subjects of the Queen. This led, thirty
years ago and more, to the O'Connell affair; but.I have never relinquished
my purpose, and have now, I hope, nearly accomplished it." The Conser-
vatives ate now guided by a man who having been reared in the (11)
" Liberal" camp, is as unscrupulous as they are. The cry against " Home
Rule" no doubt affords the best stick to beat the dog ; but it may be hoped
that as soon as they have discredited the Government, they will begin to
prepare for a reconciliation with the Nationalists, who much prefer them.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

NEWMAN'S

Celebrated Port Wine,

In Cases of 1 doz. each, •
at $8.25 in Bond; also,

in Hogsheads, Quarter Casks aJLd Octaves.

Baine, Johnston & Co.,

AGENTS.

ror the Spring Trade.

300 brls. Five Roses Flour.
260 " Emperor Flour.
100 " Galaxy Flour.
50 " Boneless Beef.

200 brls. Hungarian Flour.
200 " Rl. Household Flour.
100 " Queen Flour.
25 " Family Mess Pork.

Ceylon and China Teas, in half chests and boxes
from 5 Ibs. to 25 Ibs. each, from 2oc. Ib. upwards.

ioo brls. American Granulated Sugar, 25 brls. Cane Sugar,

Irish Hams and Bacon, American Hams and Bacon,

and a large stock of Fancy Groceries.

Prices Right.

J. D. RYAN7 281 Water Street.

Special Attention Given to School Outfit.

Bisling Suits, from $3.00 upwards.

JACKMAN The Tailor

MISS MAY IMONG'S

<£ Easter Show* <£

The Very Latest in Spring and Summer

Goods from London and Paris.
282 Water Street. - - opp. Bowring Brothers.

PUBLIC NOTICL

IJNDER the provisions of Cap. 23, 2 Edward VII., entitled
" An Act to amend the Post Office Act, 1891," and upon
the recommendation of the Board appointed for the purpose,
notice is hereby given that, three months after this date a Pro-
clamation will issue for the alteration of name, or re-naming
of places as under, that is to say : —

1. Ragged Harbour, District of Trinity, to be re-named
Melrose;

2. Western Ann, Rocky Bay, District of Fogo, to be re-named
Carmanville ;

3. Grand River Gut, Codroy Valley, District of St. George,
to be re-named Searston ;

4. Flat Islands, District of Bonavista, to be re-named
Samson ; .

5. Spaniard's Bay, District of Trinity, to be re-named
Spaniard's Cove ;

6. Fox I«land, Bay D'Espoir, District of Fortune, to be re-
named Isle Galet ;

7. Cat's Cove, Conception Bay, District of Harbour Maine,
to be re-named Avondale North ;

8. Middle Bight, District of Harbour Main, to be re-named
Codner ;

9. Crabb's, District of St. George, to be re-named Crabbe's.

R. BOND,

Colonial Secretary.

Colonial Secretary's Office, St. John's, Nfld.,
March 6th, 1906.

When writing lo Advertisers kindly mention '• The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

St. John's Municipal Council

In accordance with the Terms of Section 143 of the Municipal Act, J902,

the following Statements of Estimated Expenditure and Revenue

«£ for the Year 1906 are Published. «£

Estimated Revenue St. John's Municipal Council
for Year J906 :

Interest Credit Balance at Bank $ 500.00

Interest on Coal Bonds 500.00

Watering Vessels 3,200.00

Auctioneers Tax. ,..,,.,,... , 175.00

Lighting and Sanitation . - 8,000.00

Telegraph Company Tax 400.00

Roads East , . . . , 2,815.00

Roads West 2,512.00

South Side Road 43°-°°

Water Department 500.00

Water Rates 36,500.00

Sewerage Rates , 8,500.00

Arrears 15,500.00

Vacant Lands 600.00

Crown Rents 3,000.00

Customs Water Rates 2,750.00

Customs Coal Duties 59,000.00

Bank Tax 3,500.00

Life Insurance Company Tax 1,000.00

Fire Insurance Company Tax 2,700.00

Horse, Cart, Carriage and License Tax 3,200.00

Brokers on Margins 250.00

Marine Insurance Company Tax 300.00

Accident Insurance Company Tax 200.00

Billiard Table Tax 200.00

Steamship Tax 1,300.00

Fire Insurance Company Special Tax 2,000.00

Pound Account

South Side Lighting

Loan Association

Sanitary Department

Pedlars Tax

Street Go's. Tax and 2 per cent, on Gross Receipts

•75.00
250.00

IOO.OO
1,000.00

350.00

I, IOO.OO

$162,407.00

Estimated Expenditure of St. John's Municipal
for Year 1906:

Interest Account City Debt $

Interest Account Savings Bank

Watering Vessels

General Appraisement (proportion)

Watering Streets

Flushing Gulleys

Open Spaces

Roads East

Roads West

Salaries Account

Road Making Machinery and Salary Engineer of

Steam Roller

Sewerage Department

Legal Expenses

Contingencies

Fire Department

Engineers Office and Contingencies

Printing and Stationery

Water Department

Miscellaneous

Customs Water Rates

Customs Coal Duties

Fish Markets

Public Closets

Offices

Lighting Streets

Horse Tax, Cart and Carriage Tax

Pound Account

South Side Lighting

Sanitary Department

Bannerman Park

Victoria Park

Water Street Block Paving

City Health Officer

Election Expenses (proportion)

Riverhead Stream Diversion and Protection Wall..

Street Crossing

Arbitrations Town Improvement

South Side Road .

Council

48,000.00

64.00

550.00

1,000.00

1,500.00

500.00

100.00

7,500.00

8,000 oo

10,000.00

1,500 oo

5,000.00

1,200.00

250.00

12,000.00

300.00

750.00

15.000.00

250.00

IOO.OO

3,000.00

300.00

250.00

1,300.00

8,500.00

IOO.OO

1 OO.OO

500.00

26.000.00

1,500.00

IOO.OO
l.OOO.OO

500.00

750.00

500.00

2,000.00

500.00

$16 1.964.00

GEO. SHEA, Mayor.

Municipal Offices. February 2jth, 1906.

JIMO. L. SLATTERY, Secretary.

J.V.O'DEA&Co.

WHOLESALE.

Flour, Provisions and Feed.

ST. JOHN'S.

JOB BROTHERS & Co.,

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

Importers
Exporters

of British and American Goods of every
description— Wholesale and Retail.

of Codfish, Codoil, Codliver Oil, Seal Oil'
Lobsters, Furs, and general produce.

All orders for same promptly filled at very lowest rates.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

CAPT. CLARKE

s. s. "ROSALIND" — RED CROSS LINE.

TO!

SAILING BETWEEN

New York, Halifax, IM. S., and St. John's, N. F.

For a short vacation, the round trip
by one of these steamers is hard to
beat, and is cheap enough to suit the
most modest purse.

AGENTS:

HARVEY & Co., and BOWRING BROS., LTD., St. John's, N. F.

G. S. CAMPBELL & Co., Halifax, N. S.
BOWRING & Co., 1 7 State Street, New York.

UP-TO-DATE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION.

Rates — To New York, Single. .. .$34.00; Return. .. .$60.00; Steerage. .. .$13.00; Return. .. .$26.00
" Halifax, " 18.00; " 34-oo; 6.00; " 12.00

FREIGHT CARRIED AT THROUGH RATES TO ALL POINTS.

CAPT. FARRELL.

S. S. " SILVIA " — RED CROSS LINE.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

St. John's, Newfoundland.

Population City, 3O,OOO.

A. T

IS FULLY EQUIPPED FOR

Theatricals, Operas, Concerts, and Lectures.

Stage — with a complete set of Scenery to suit all Dramatic Performances — is, height, 26 feet;
depth, 25 x 56 feet. Tie-floor Gallery, Five Dressing Rooms, One Piano ; Two Private Boxes. Opera
Chairs, 400; Gallery, 350; Pit, 600; Total, 1,350 seating capacity. Heated by Steam, Lighted by Gas
and Electric Light. Entrance to all parts of Theatre by Henry Street.

For further particulars as to open dates, rent, etc., apply to

JAMES J. BATES, President.
or GEO. J. COUGHLAN, Secretary.

NOTICE TO

Lobster Packers.

IVIOTICE is hereby given that Rule 18, of 1905, has been
rescinded, and the Regulation substituted therefor : —

RULE 18. — Every packer or canner of lobsters shall cause to
be attached to every can packed by him, a paper label not less
than i inch long and % of an inch wide, which label shall
contain, printed in clear and distinct figures, the number cor-
responding to the number of the Lobster License of said packer.
The said label shall be attached and pasted on each can firmly
and securely. Any person in this Colony selling or purchasing,
or being in any way a party to any transaction in the nature of
a sale or 'purchased of any can containing lobsters without such
label as above described, shall be deemed guilty of an offence
against these Rules and Regulations.

The labels shall be issued, upon application, by the Depart-
ment of Marine and Fisheries. The cost to be fixed by the
Department and defrayed by the Licensee.

iNo labels other than those obtained from the Department of
Marine and Fisheries shall be used..

ELI DAWE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.
Marine and Fisheries' Department,

St. John's, Nftd., March i$th, 1906.

J. J. O'GRADY,

Painter, Glazier,

Paper Hanger, and

House Decorator.

OUTPORT ORDERS SOLICITED.
WORKSHOP 15 QUEEN STREET.

ST. JOHN'S, N. F.

A. HARVEY & ga,

St. John's, Newfoundland.

Manufacturers of

No. i & No. 2 Hard Bread,
Soda, Pilot, Lunch, and
Fanc Biscuits.

Be sure to ask for HARVEY'S

Soda, Pilot, and Lunch Biscuits.

"They are Leaders."

This is where MUNN'S celebrated

COD LIVER OIL

is refined by the Freezing Process. This Freezing Plant is the most
up-to-date in the world.

W. A. MUNN, Gazette Building, St. John's, Newfoundland.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

harbor Grace as a Summer Resort.

Judge Seymour.

HARBOR GRACE, the second town of importance in the
Island and Capital of Conception Bay, with a population
by the last census of 5,1-84 persons, has one of the finest
harbors in the Island, being four miles long by one-half mile

ALFRED H. SEYMOUR,
Judge of the Harbor Grace District Court.

wide, — a magnificent sheet of water, safe anchor.ige, with deep
water nearly up to Riverhead. The view of the town on a fine

summer's day is beautiful, especially if viewed from the south
side of the harbor. Its clean streets and well laid out squares, and
the trees showing between the residences and along Harvey St.,
make the place look what it is, an ideal town, and one of the
prettiest places in our Island. It would make an ideal summer
resort for tourists who like quietude, rest and health, pleasant
walks and drives, fine roads, no hills, and a bicyclist's ideal for
riding — the roads being level, hard and nicely kept. As a health
resort it would be hard to equal it, being clean, well drained,
l)ing as it does on a slope, with pure air both from land and sea.
In years gone by it rivalled St. John's both in business and
social life. The old (and to this day highly respected) firms of
Ridley & Sons, Punton & Munn, Rutherford Brothers, and W.
Donnelly, carried on a supplying business not equalled by any
of the St. John's firms (so I have been informed). Alas, what a
difference between then and now ?

The Second City, however, is now slowly but surely recov-
ering from the great bank crash of 1894, and all those of its
inhabitajjj;fejpw4»o take an interest in its welfare hope the day is
not far distant when it will rise to the position it should occupy
owing to its suitability for manufacturing and mercantile pur-
poses. This town has given birth to some of Newfoundland's
most distinguished sons, and others have received their educa-
tion here; for under the late Mr. Roddick, Piincipal of the
Harbor Grace Grammar School (and father of Dr. Roddick, the
distinguished Dean of McGill University), came young men from
all parts of the Island ; yes, even from the Capital, to get the
finishing touch in educational matters. [The portraits of Dr.
Roddick and his father appear elsewhere in this issue.]

Perhaps, for the benefit of some of your readers abroad,! I
may be permitted to give a few facts regarding the town, which
may be of interest to those who have not yet had the pleasure of a
visit. 1 have already spoken of its harbor and streets. I will

beach Premises— with John Munn & Co's. steamers. Formeily Ridley & C .'s., no.v R. D. McR le & So:is' premi.-ei. The Vanguard, Iceland, and
GreetJaitd are now among H .inc. Johnston & Co's. fleet of sealing stearne s. Photo h S //. Parsons.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

now speak of its buildings : Commencing with the churches,
we have some very fine buildings. The Roman Catholic Cathe-
dral is a handsome building of stone, but not such a beautiful
one as that destroyed by fire some eighteen years ago. There
is also a very nice Roman Catholic Church at Riverhead. The
Church of England has three churches. The Parish Church
(St. Paul's) is a fine old stone building lately rebuilt by the
energy of Canon Noel and his willing helpers. Christ Church,
a chaste, little building and a great credit to its congregation ;
and also, the Church on the south side of the harbor. The
Methodist body have a building which is an ornament to our
town, and one which I am sure every Methodist must justly feel
proud of. There is also a Presbyterian Kirk ; and last, but not
least, the Salvation Army has lately erected a very neat and
creditable little Citadel. We have also fine Halls, — the British
and Masonic, Irish, Si. Paul's, and Coughlan Hall. There are
three Roman Catholic schools, including Convent School and
and one Academy ; one Methodist High School ; one Church
of England High School and three other schools ; one Church
and Continental School Society school, making in all ten schools.
A fine old stone Court House and Gaol adorn the place, and a
Custom House and other public buildings ; four Factories, two
Tanneries, Reading and Billiard Rooms. We have also a splen-
did supply of water not excelled in the Island ; a Volunteer Fire
Brigade, and the town lighted by electricity.

The town is especially suited for the establishing of Manufac-
tures, there being plenty of waterside property available, and
the cost of running would be very considerably under that of
St. John's, having no taxes to pay, with exception of water
rates — a very small tax for value received, — -and with our water
and rail facilities, reaching as we can any place in the Island
equally with St. John's, I cannot see what is to hinder this

place from becoming a great manufacturing centre. For the
tourist who likes trout-fishing there are plenty to be caught in
the ponds and lakes near by, and if he wishes to catch a whale
he can now be accommodated 1

One thing only is lacking to make this town the resort of
Tourists, and that is a first class up-to-date Hotel. If we had
such I feel safe in stating it would be filled every summer;
I have been told by some tourists that they think Harbor Grace
an ideal town, but it lacks hotel accommodation. We have two
trains running daily to and from St. John's, a fine park donated
to the towns-people by John Shannon Munn, Esq., pleasant drives
around the town, to nearby towns of Bay Roberts. Brigus, Car-
bonear, and Heart's Content, the latter the terminus of the
Atlantic Cable ; so with an up-to-date hotel and a small steamer
plying between here and Bell Island suitable for excursion
parties, I think the town would be well filled with visitors during
the summer months.

Those of us who love Harbor Grace look forward to the day
when it will once again be clothed with its old glory, and even
if we have lost the old-time trade, we at least have the satisfac-
tion of knowing we cannot be deprived of its beauties of scenery
and health giving properties.

In conclusion I have only to add that I wish you had asked
some abler pen than mine to write an article on Harbor Grace,
" as to its possibilities as a summer resort — its situation and ad-
vantages as a health and sporting country," for I fear I have
not done the slightest justice to it ; but 1 can only assure you it
is a work of pleasure to me to advance, if I can in any way, this
town which I love so well, and tor which I would feel proud to
do everything I could to advance the interest of it and its
law-abiding inhabitants.

A. H. SEYMOUR.

Harhor Grace, February,

HON. ELI DAWE, M.M.F., MEMBER FOR HARBOR GRACE.

W. A. OK.E, MEMBER FOR HARBOR GRACE.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

SDannon park, fiarbor Grace.

By J. T. Law ton.

JOHN SHANNON MUNN.
Photo. f>y S. //. Parsons.

TTTHOUGH Shannon Park may
J I \ not yet be considered an
institution of sufficient im-
portance to have a special descrip-
tion of it in your QUARTERLY, still
as the historian of the next century
in writing his " History of Harbor
Grace" may wish to know how we
got a Park, and who planted the
rows of stately elms, maples and
horse-chestnuts that will then be
casting their shadows over Long
Hill, it may not be out of place to
record a few facts in connection
with the Park.

Previous to the donation of the
Park to the town, we had no field
for athletic sports. One or two
games of cricket were played dur-
ing the summer on a vacant field
on the outskirts of the town ; but
owing to the long distance of this
field from the town, it was impos-
sible to maintain an interest in
e'ther cricket or football. About
five years ago some cricket-
players held a Concert in the
Academy Hall with the object of
providing a fund to purchase a

suitable recreation ground. Owing to the lack of funds to pur-
chase a field no further effort was made, and when the Park was
donated by J. Shannon Munn, the Trustees of the fund handed
over to the Park Trustees whatever funds they had on hand.

Everyone interested in athletic sports for the young, recognised
the gift of Mr. Munn as a very generous one. The town was
donated a fine piece of land, about ten acres, to be used as a
park and recreation ground. Of the great value of athletic
sports, when properly and rationally carried on, it is unnecessary
to dwell here.

That the Harbor Grace people appreciated Mr. Munn's gift
was evident from the large number of citizens who assembled at
the Park at its formal opening by Mr. J. S. Mjjnn, August 27th,
1903. An address, expressing appreciation of Mr. Munn's
generosity, was presented by Judge Seymour. The event was
also commemorated by Mr. James D. Munn, in the following
lines : —

Ode on the Opening of Shannon park, the Gift or
John Shannon llhinn. €sq.

ON (', racia's slope there stands a Park —

Tlie gift of one whose name
Will long be borne in memory here,

And known, I trust, to fame.

The act will call to mind a Firm

That flourished in ouv town.
The good deed will for ages long

Their enterprises crown.

TRUSTEES OF SHANNON PARK., HARBOR GRACE.

Top Row — John Tapp, W. A. Oke, T. Hanrahan, Dugald Munn, Willis Davis.
Second Row-O. V. T ravers, Judge Seymour (Chairman), Ed. Parsons, J. T. Lawton (Sec.-Treas).

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

I see in coming days, fair grounds,

Adorned in Nature's dress,
With trees, and flowers and grassy turf,

Secure from winds' distress.

Its ample breast and outlook wide,

With bosky windings near ;
Beyond, the sea"; while far-off hills

In purple haze appear.

Here in gay summer time will youth,

Will beauty and will age,
Stroll, rest in ease 'neath shady trees.

In manly sports engage.

Hail, then, our new-acquired Park,

Hail to the donor kind,
As we partake its pleasantness,

We'll call his deed to mind.
Harbor Grace, August 2yth, 1903.

The nine gentlemen whose photos accompany this article
were named Trustees. Judge Seymour, who had manifested
much interest in the acquisition of the Park for the public, was
elected Chairman.

Though it is only two years since the Park was donated, the
Trustees have collected and spent $700 on improvements. The
Park has been fenced with nearly half a mile of Page Woven
Wire. About one hundred trees were imported and planted
last spring. A band stand has been erected. A considerable
sum has been spent in levelling the Park. The buildings have
been repaired, and other minor improvements made.

When Dr. Roddick was in Harbor Grace the past summer,
he intimated to the Trustees that he would like to make a dona-
tion to the Park that would in some way perpetuate the memory

of his father, who for many years was principal of the famous
Harbor Grace Grammar School. He finally adopted the idea
of a Fountain as a suitable means of realizing his intention. He
gave the Trustees $100 to defray the expenses of bringing water
to the Park, and as soon as everything was in readiness, he
promised to supply a Fountain that would be an ornament to
the Park and a lasting tribute to the memory of his fathef. A
search was made for water in the Park, but the supply was
insufficient to keep a fountain going, and the project remains
suspended till the coming summer.

The work of improving the Par4c is handicapped by the want
of funds. The two chief sources of income are an annual con-
cert and gate receipts, and the proceeds from these two sources
are not sufficient to enable the Trustees to beautify the Park as
rapidly as they would wish. But they- are doing a good deal
with small resources, and perhaps in the near future some
wealthy lady or gentleman who has more money than he or she
needs will come to their assistance.

The Trustees purchased a large six-feet Zonophone Horn last
spring, and Judge Seymour, during cricket and football matches,
very kindly gave selections on his Zonophone from the bandstand.

The Park is also a great advantage to excursionists from St.
John's and elsewhere. For the past two years cricket and foot-
ball matches have been arranged between St. John's and local
teams, and excursionsists have been enabled to pass pleasant
hours watching the sports. During the coming year walks will
be made ; some ornamental shrubs and hedges will be added,
and in a few years it is hoped the Park will be a "thing of
beauty," and a pleasant and enjoyable, recreation grouiuju for
young and old.

DR, RODDICK,
Dean of McGill University.

JOHN I. RODDICK (DR. RODDICK'S FATHER),
I ate Principal of Harbor Grace Giammar School.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Che nciofoundland Daual Rescruc.

A GROUP OF R.N.R. MEN ON BOARD H.M.S. "CALYPSO.

IT NYONE who has seen a Review of the Newfoundland
LI Naval Reserve must have been impressed with the
f\ appearance of the men who compose it. Our young
fishermen are naturally smart, active fellows, but a period of
service in the Naval Reserve seem to " lick them into shape,"
and give them a smart trim appearance that no other agency
could affect. It is encouraging to learn that our boys hold their
own in the arts of gunnery, rifle and bayonet drill, while as sea-
men they are matchless. In the aquatic contests in the South,
they now boast that the only rivals the crack Reserve crew fear
are those composed of their own fellow reservists, the rest of
the fleet not being in it.

The Service has been fortunate in its selection of Officers.
On the personnel of the Commanding and other officers, largely

Vey's Photos.}

A CLASS AT RIFI.E EXERCISE.

depend the future success of the
movement in this Colony. So
far the official staff has left noth-
ing to be desired. Probably the
most popular officer among the
Reservists is Commander Hill.
He has proved to be well quali-
fied for the position of managing,
with great tact, the Volunteer
naval men.

He is not only popular amongst
the men with whom he comes in
daily contact, but is also a great
favourite with the general public.
In the grand success that crown-
ed the splendid efforts of the
talented ladies and gentlemen
who gave the dramatic perform-
ance some time ago, for the bene-
fit, of the Church of England
Restoration Fund, and the Ca-
tholic Cadet Corps Fund, none
contributed more largely than
Commander Hill. He was in-
defatigable in his efforts to bring
the matter to a success, and suc-
ceeded beyond the hopes of the
most sanguine. We feel sure

we, as Newfoundlanders, can give Commander Hill the un-
stinted and unqualified praise he deserves, in this connection,
without in the least detracting from the merits of the other
talented performers ; and we are confident that when we do so,
we have the hearty approval of all the other ladies and gentle-
men of the troupe.

The Commander's action in these and other matters, tends to
keep him and the movement with which he is identified, very
popular with Newfoundlanders of all shades of opinions.

It is proposed here to give some idea of the organization and
inner workings, &c., of the Reserve for the benefit of those in-
terested, and we herewith give the following notes, which together
with the photographs, were kindly given us by Commander Hill.
The arrival of H.M.S. Calypso in these waters in 1902, was

the realization of the idea advo-
cated by Naval Officers for some
years past. While cruising
round the coast during the fish-
ery season, their attention was
attracted to the fine body of
men that composed the crews
of the countless small craft en-
gaged in the fishery, and they
realised what a valuable addi-
tion such a body of men would
be to the defences of the Em-
pire, if taken in hand and trained
under Naval discipline.

A Candidate to be eligible for
the Reserve, must be a seaman
or fisherman who regularly fol-
lows his calling, and must be
between the ages of 18 and 30 ;
he must also come up to the
Standard Measurements, viz.,
5 feet 4 inches in height, and
not less than 32 inches round
the chest.

The Reserve consists of two
classes, " Seaman" and "Quali-
fied Seaman." On entry a
man belongs to the former class

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

A CLASS AT HKAVY C,UN" DRII.I,.

which entitles him to a Retaining Fee of £3 $s. per annum, and
pay at the rate of is. id. per diem while performing his drill in
the Calypso, and is. jd. while embarked for Naval Training.

To render a Reserve Man belonging to the "Seaman" class
eligible for Promotion to the •' Qualified Seaman" class, he must
undergo Naval Training in one of H. M. Ships at sea (more
familiarly known as "going South"), at the termination of which
he is examined as to fitness for promotion ; and if found q"ali-
fied is duly rated " Qualified Seaman," when he is entitled to a
Retaining Fee of £6 per annum, and daily pay at the rate of
is. 4d. while on board H. M. S. Calypso and is. ;d. while em-
barked.

All Naval Reserve Men while thus embarked receive, in ad-
dition to their pay, a gratuity of £\ per month for every month
embarked, and £2 additional on completion of every three
months ; provided they have performed their drills satisfac-
torily. Thus a ''Qualified Seaman." at the end of three months
afloat,' receives in Pay and Gratuity £12. 4s. id., a "Seaman''
£10. 133. gd.

All men enrol for a period of five years, at the expiration of
which they can re-enrol for a further period, or obtain their dis-
charge, as they wish. They must perform 28 days drill each
year in the Calypso, and embark for one cruise in order to become
" Qualified Seamen." Should they re-enrol after their first
period another cruise must be undergone in their second period
in order to become eligible for a pension.

Qualified Seamen, subject to the clue performance of their
duties in the Reserve, are granted a Deferred Pension Certifi-
cate on completing their last term of drill, (i. e. after 20 years
service in the Reserve), which entitles him to a pension of ^"12
per annum at the age of 60.

The training on board the Calypso is purely a Gunnery Train-
ing, and consists of Instruction in Squad drill. Rifle, Pistol,
Heavy Gun, Maxim, Light Quick Fi ring and Ammunition, each
man having to fire during his 28 days course a certain number
of rounds at a target from each of the weapons named in the
above list.

The Preliminary Drills take place on board the ship ; the
Rifle and Pistol Firing at the Rifle Range, and the Heavy Gun,
&c., at Fort Amherst, at the battery recently constructed for the
purpose, where practice is carried out at a target laid out at sea
at a distance of about 800 yards. The guns at the battery
consist of two s-inch breech-loaders, and two 3-pounder Hotch-
kiss quick firers.

Drill commences on board the ship at 9 a.m., when the
Reserve men are fallen in at " Divisions." They are then in-
spected by their Officers as to their personal cleanliness, dress,

&c. This being completed- Phy-1
sical Drill, with Rifles or Dumb
Bells, is carried out until 10
o'clock, when they are divided
up into classes for their various
instructions \ the senior instruc-
tor taking the recruits by them-1
selves. Drill is then continued
up to 11.30 (with the exception
of a quarter of an hour's "Stand
Easy" at 10.30) when the classes
dismiss and the decks are cleared
up and swept and preparations
made for the important function
of Dinner, which is piped at
12 o'clock. It will not be out
of place here to give the Daily
Rations of a Reserve man al-
lowed for each meal,
6.303.01.: Yt pint cocoa, 4 oz,
bread. 8.00 a.m.: ^4 pint
tea, 8 oz. bread, 2 oz. corned
beef. At noon : % Ib. beef,
i Ib. of vegetables.
4.00 p.m. : % pint tea, 8 oz.
bread, 2 oz. jam.
Y? pint cocoa, 2
beef, 4 oz. bread.

In addition to these there is a Canteen on board, which is in
reality a small grocer's shop, where men may supplement their
daily fare by the purchase of any small luxuries they may wish
for. The Dinner Hour expires at 1.15, when drill is again rej
sumed until 3.30 when the decks are cleared up, and at 4 o'clock
the men are again fallen in for inspection, and the whole Ship's
Company and R. N. R. Men are exercised at Fire Stations,
when all the pumps are manned as for an outbreak of fire.
This ends the drill for the day, and the men are free to go
ashore if they wish until the following morning.

There is, however, one more instruction — an optional one — •
viz., Reading and Writing, for the benefit of those who are
illiterate, which takes place every evening under the tuition of
the Chief Writer. Many men avail themselves of this advantage,
and it is remarkable the rapid strides made by many of them in
the short time at their disposal.

The total strength of the Force is at present 573 — the maxi-
mum allowed being 600 — so there are still 27 vacancies.

Much more could be said of such an organisation as this,
which in its working is bound to prove mutually beneficial to
the Navy, the Colony and to the Reservists themselves. Every
encouragement should therefore be given young fishermen to
join, upon whom at any rate to some extent the future of the
Colony depends.

7.30 p.m.;
oz. corned

She Goes in mcmorp Still

By William J. Carey, East Boston, Mast.

DEPARTED poetess, from thy native hills
With soul absorbing love thy music thrills
Sweet melodies, that so enchant our ear,
We roam again adown thy valleys fair ;
Distinct in vision on our fancy rise
The youth we spent neath Terra Nova's skies.
Bright be thy memory — angel forms above
Shall whisper oft " They think of thee with love."

[The foregoing tribute to our late poetess " Isabella" (Mrs,
J. J. Rogerson) was written by William J. Carey, an aged New-
foundlander in Boston, who, notwithstanding his long years of
absence, is mindful still of the old land and its people. Those
lines were composed by Mr. Carey after reading a poem on the
same subject by Mr. D. Carroll, which appeared in the March
(1905) number of this magazine.]

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

flkxander fl. Parsons, €sq., 3. p.

Superintendent newfoundland Penitentiary.

0NE of the most adaptable men in the world, is an old news-
paper man. A training in the school of journalism seems
to fit him for any position of responsibility. Our Ameri-
can cousins realize this, and some of the best gifts in the Gov-
ernment fall naturally to the journalists. Where tact, experience
and knowledge of mankind are essentials, the journalists lead.
Hence America's Ambassadors to Foreign Courts, and a goodly
proportion of the officials of the Consular Service are largely
recruited from the ranks of the journalists.

When the experiment was tried, in appointing a journalist to
the position of Superintendent of His Majesty's Penitentiary,
Mr. Parsons's numerous friends and admirers had no doubt of

ALEXANDER A. PARSONS.

his ultimate success. The results have more than justified
them.

Mr. Parsons is a practical printer. He published a paper in
Harbor Grace, and worked for some time as a printer in the
United States. In 1879 he and Mr. W. J. Herder revolutionized
journalism in this country. . Up to that time the newspapers
were only weekly or bi-weekly, and though they served their
turn, they were poor affairs, when compared with our present
up-to-date dailies. The readers and subscribers numbered a
few hundred, and except in times of political or other excite-
ment, very little interest was displayed in their publication.

The coming of the Evening Telegram changed all that. It
was more newsy ; it had readable, pertinent paragraphs on
everything of interest to the citizens. It soon caught on, and
created the taste for reading, so that now there are fifty papers
circulated to the one disposed of in those days. The time was

ripe for a change, and Mr. Parsons made the most of it. One
element in the creation of a new class of readers was the advent
of the Christian Brothers. This event synchronized with the
issue of the first numbers of the Telegram. This paper created
the taste, and the Brothers turned out, yearly, thousands of
readers who represented households who never before had read
or subscribed to a local paper. The Telegram soon caught the
public taste, and weilded a great power in moulding public
opinion. In the revolution of 1889, from the old conservative
political methods of our forefathers, to the larger and more
liberal franchise we now enjoy, all the credit is due to the Tele-
gram and its editor, and the knot of brilliant young writers he
gathered around him.

In all political crises since, the lelegram has taken a leading
part, and has become one of our institutions.

Naturally of a kind disposition, he never " dipped his pen in
gall," no matter what the provocation; but he often had to
shoulder the blame and responsibility for many utterances for
which he was not responsible.

In 1893, and again in 1900, he was elected member for
St. Barbe, a district he represented with credit to himself and
with advantage to its various interests. In 1904 he was tend-
ered the position of Superintendent of H.M. Penitentiary, and
the press and the politicians, opponents, as well as friends, all
agreed that no .better selection could have been made, and that
no one in the Island was more deserving of a good political
appointment than A. A. Parsons, who had been in the thick of
every pol'tical contest for a quarter of a century.

He has well proved his fitness for the position. The various
Grand Juries that have visited the Prison have spoken in unquali-
fied terms of praise of his management. He contemplates several
new industries that will prove a boon to the establishment and
the prisoners. His treatment of the unfortunates who come
into his keeping is humane in the extreme. While the law is
carried out to the letter, he has always had an eye to the future
of the convict, and he tempers justice with mercy. There are
many that came through his hands who are now earning a
decent living, instead of becoming confirmed offenders, princip-
ally through his advice and kindly offices.

Like lots of other Newfoundlanders, he is modest and retiring,
and it is only the official records show in what a capable and
painstaking manner his work is done.

We understand that he intends to gather and publish some
notes dealing with the political and social changes of the last
quarter of a century. No one is in a better position to do so.
He has the data and the ability, and we think it a duty he owes
to himself and his fellow-citizens to complete this task at an
early date. In the meantime the QUARTERLY wishes him length
of days to administer the office he now fills so acceptably.^

THE QUARTERLY, in common with all patriotic Newfoundlanders,
views with pleasure the genuine spirit of Brotherly Love, evoked by
the celebration of the Benevolent Irish Society's Centennial. All classes
and creeds have vied with each other in their expression of good feeling,
and the leading citizens of every denomination seem to have embraced the
opportunity to put themselves on record in favour of a broader and more
liberal line of thought and action, in respect to each other as Newfound-
landers, regardless of difference of creed or politics.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

^ Cimericks. *

Wong £ee, An Occidental— Oriental Cale of a Call.

By Eros Wayback.

WONG came, like the lynx, o'er the Strait,
From Canada entered our gait ;

And the style of his queue

You daily may vieueue,
As for wash he will patiently wait.

He was welcomed by chums who wore queues,
And they brotherly paid all his dueue,

Now he goes with soft feet

Up and down Water Street,
And has taken to " Fisherman's brueues."

When our Wong goes to church in his queue,
He takes a front seat in a pueue,

And each gamin beguiles

The service with smuiles
At Wong, in the church in full vieueue.

When they sniggled and smirked at his queue.
It wounded his feelings, 'tis trueue;

And in wide flowing slieve

He would often times grieve,
At unchristian like acts, wouldn't yueue ?

'Tisn't right, now, to laugh at a queue

In the church, where respect is quite dueue.

To every preacher

And other good teacher,
Whether heathen, or Christian, or Jueue.

But, then, at a chap with a queue
Broad smiling will often ensueue,

And people will laugh,

And indulge in some chaugh,
It is sad, it is naughty, but trueue 1

Once, a yallow dog played with his queue,
Tho' the tail wasn't his, he well knueue,

Then this man from " Far East"

Jnst determined to feast
On " dimnition bow-wow" in a stueue !

Some chaps from the town taught him Euchre,
Then, to win, if he could their loose leuchre.

With a smile that was " bland"

Would he deal out each hand,
Whilst he slipped up his sleeve the gay Juechre '.

Now, he wondered and coughed down some sighs
At the language addressed to his ieghs,

That the trick, as he saw

Should touch on the raw,
Or prove any cause for surprieghs.

But he, later, was red-handed caught

And about to be hailed out, p'raps, shaught.

When in stepped a bobbie,

Od the crowd got the "drop" he.
And remarked that 'twas all "Tommy raught '."

Now, here endeth this Tale of a Queue,
As the heathen at length met his dueue;

For, " a game" played awry,

From the " beam" in his eye,
He was hung by his tail or his queue !

^ St. Patrick's Dap ^

In tlx year of tlx B. I. S. Centenary

Bv Kobert Gear Mac Donald,

SHALL we not wear the Green to-day,

English, and Scottish) and all ?
And join with our Irish brethren here1

In answer to their call.
To joy and thankfulness and pride;
That spreads above the city wide.

Sons of men who in spite of all

Made our country, are we ;
Newfoundlanders, whatever our race,

Prosperous, happy and free.
Then with our fellows let us rejoice
Voice re-echoing jubilant voice.

For the Society's century

Ups. and levels, and downs,
Small beginnings to ends achieved,

Ciosses exchanged for crowns,
All are jubilant, all will vie
In celebrating it gloriously.

Let us bury forever now

All of the shameful past,
Here in this Western Isle at least

With its faith in a Future vast;
Brothers together to stand or fall,
Hearts true to each other and God over all.

kose and Thistle let us entwine

With the Shamrock's quieter green.

het all come true in the future days,
In the past that might have been ;

And may our Country's new centuiy

Be brighter still in her destiny !

's, 1906.

'THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLV"

— AN ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE —
Issued every third month about the I5th of March, June, September and

December from the office
34 Prescott Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

JOHN J. EVANS, ,. PRINTER AND PROPRIETORf

To whom all Communications should be addressed.

Subscription Rales:

Single Copies, each

One Year, in advance, Newfoundland and Canada" ' ,o ° « "

foreign Subscriptions (except Canada) s... ' " co "

Advertising Rates

$30.00 per page; one-third of a page, Sm.oo; o«e sixth of a page *r co •
one-twelfth of a page, 82.50— for each insertion.

Co a Dandelion,

By Eros IVayback.

BRIGHT Dandelion, sun-hearted flower.

All hail thy golden disk
'1 hat flames out, first the spring-tide hour.

Doth lingering winter risk !

The children all, with glee lepair

To weave in chaplets gay
Thy glaming buds in touseled hair.

Thro' opening month of May !

Oh ! thou must love our human kind
And fain with us wouldst dwell

Sure thou hast sympathies that bind,
What else the potent spell ?

For, where e'er man haili treked afar,

O'er plain or mountain crest,
Thou followest his rumbling car,

From east to glowing west !

Tho' thou'st no place in garden plot

Where rare exotics grow,
And waiting spring-tide finds thee not

By fragrant roses row ; —

Where odorous scents my lady greet

From lavish southern bloom,
As tripping thro', come dainty feet

To breathe their rich perfume.

Vet, gladsome flower, with heart of gold,

Thou'rt ever found to dwell
By foot-worn path, by spreading wold,

By bosky lane or dell, —

Where country lovers breathe their ta'e,
Where simple hearts beat true,

Thou glad'st the eye thro' every vale.—
My fealty to joti !

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Anglo-American Telegraph Co., Ltd.

Five Atlantic Cables,

ALL BRITISH.

five Gabies to America,

ALL BRITISH.

Automatic Duplex System.

ESTABLISHED 1866.

Telegrams accepted at any of the Company's Offices for ALL POINTS in Newfoundland.
2O CtS. first ten words; 2 cts. additional. Telephone No. 378 for Messenger.

High-Class Service, ^ IMMEDIATE DESPATCH, # Instant Delivery.

SEND VIA "ANGLO" AND AVOID ERRORS.

St. John's Central Office, Water Street, open on Sundays, for foreign business only, noon to i p.m.
and from 8 to 9 p.m., or until such hour as any business offering has been forwarded.

Main Office: Exchange Building, Water St.

BRANCH OFFICES

in direct communication (through Company's system) with all parts of the world, now open for business at

MECHANICS' BUILDING,

BALMORAL HOTEL,

Opposite General Post Office. Water Street.

Water Street East.

R. C. SMITH, General Superintendent.

P. J. HANL.DY,

Painter, Glazier, Paper Hanger
and House Decorator. •

First Class Work in our line ; prompt and particular attention given to
Outport Contracts.

Always on hand HANLEY'S celebrated brands of Snuffs.

Outport orders thankfully received.
N.B.— We employ a staff of expert mechanics, who execute work with neatness and despatch

Address i No. 5 King's Road.

The Place to Get a Suit of Clothes

Made to Order, or Readymade, is

We keep in stock English, Scotch and Canadian goods.
Also, Shirts, Ties, Caps, Braces, etc. jt Jit jt

L J. MALONt, # Tailor and furnisher,

288 Water Street.

OFFICE AND STORE — Adelaide Street. STONEYARD — Just East Custom
House, Water Street. Telephone, 364.

W. J. ELLIS,

Contractor, Builder, and Appraiser.

Dealer in Cement, Selenite, Plaster, Sand, Mortar, Brick, Drain Pipes,
Bends, Junctions and Traps; Chimney Tops, all sizes, and Plate Glass.

Estimates Given for all kinds of Work at Shortest Notice.

Channing's Drug Store,

148 & 150 New Power Street.

Only Drug Store in the City

OPEN ,* EVERY # NIGHT
TILL \\ O'CLOCK.

JOHN KEAIM,

14 ADELAIDE STREET.

Boots and Shoes

Made of Best Waterproof Leather.

Seal Skins a Specialty*

Ji@-Outport Orders Solicited.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Department of Agriculture and Mines.

THE following extracts from the CROWN
LANDS ACT, 1903, are published for
general information : —

Ordinary Sale of Crown Lands.

Crown Lands for agricultural purposes, and in 20 acre lots,
are open for sale at 30 cents per acre and upwards.

Grants for more than 20 acres contain conditions for clearing
and cultivating.

Licenses of occupation of areas not exceeding 6400 acres are
issued on payment of a fee of $5 per 160 acres, subject to fol-
lowing conditions : — (i) To settle within two years one family for
each 160 acres ; (2) To clear, per year, for five years, two acres
for every hundred held under license. If families remain on the
land and cultivation continues for ten years, licensee will be
issued a Grant in Fee.

Bog Lands.

Lands declared to be bog lands, under the Act, may be leased
in 5,000 acre lots, for such term, at such rent, and on such con-
ditions as may be determined upon by the Governor in Council.

Quarries.

Lands may be leased for quarrying purposes in lots of 80
acres for terms not exceeding 99 years. Rent not less than 25
cents per acre, (i) Lessee to commence quarrying within two
years and continue effective operation. (2) Upon expenditure
of $6000 within first five years of term, a Grant will issue in fee.
(j) Lease to be void if work cease for five years.

Timber and Timber Lands.

The right to cut timber is granted upon payment of a bonus
of $2 per square mile, an annual rental of $2 per square mile,
and also a royalty of 50 cents per thousand feet, board measure,
on all logs cut. Rent, royalty or other dues not paid on date
on which they become due bear interest at 6 per cent, per
annum until paid. Rents became due and payable on jot/i
November each year. Lands approved to be surveyed and have
boundaries cut within one year. Persons throwing sawdust or
refuse of any kind from mills inlo rivers, etc., are liable to a
penalty of $100 for each offence.

Pulp Licenses.

Licenses to cut pulp wood may be issued for a term of 99
years, in areas of not more than 150 miles. Rent $5 per square
mile for first year ; $3 per square mile for subsequent years.
Licensee to erect factory within five years.

Holders of timber or pulp licenses may not export trees, logs
or timber in unmanufactured state.

Holders of timber and pulp licenses may not cut timber on
ungranted Crown Lands.

Mineral Lands.

Any person may search for minerals, and on discovery of a
vein, lode or deposit of mineral may obtain a license thereof in
the following way: (i) Driving a stake not less than 4 inches
square into the ground, leaving 18 inches over ground ; name
of person and date to be written on stake. Application for
license to be filed with affidavit (see Act for particulars) within
two months! ,,Cost of license for first year is $10 tor each loca-
tion. Subsequent rentals : ist year, $20 ; 2nd, to and including
5th year, $30; for next period of five years, $50; and for fol-
lowing years $100.

Upon expenditure of $6000 within five years, lessee shall be
entitled to a Grant in fee.

Licenses for larger areas may also be granted upon terms set
forth in the Act.

Further information may be had on application to

J. A. CLIFT,

Minister of Agriculture and Mines.
Department of Agriculture and Mines,

St. John's, Newfoundland, March, 1906.

Customs Circular

No, 15.

A deposit equal to the duty shall be taken on such articles as
Cameras, Bicycles, Trouting Poles, Fire-arms, Tents, Canoes,
and tent equipage. A receipt (No. i) according to the form
attached shall be given for the deposit and the particulars of
the articles shall be noted in the receipt as well as in the
marginal cheques. Receipt No. 2 if taken at an outport office
shall be mailed at once directed to the Assistant Collector,
St. John's, if taken in St. John's the Receipt No. 2 shall be sent
to the Landing Surveyor.

Upon the departure from the Colony of the Tourist, Angler
or Sportsman, he may obtain a refund of the deposit by pre-
senting the articles at the Port of Exit and having them com-
pared with the receipt. The Examining Officer shall initial on.
the receipt the result Of his examination and upon its correctness
being ascertained the refund may be made.

No groceries, canned goods, wines, spirits or provisions of
any kind will be admitted free and no deposit for a refund may
be taken upon such articles.

H. W. LeMESSURIER,

Assistant Collector.

CUSTOM HOUSE,

St. John's, Newfoundland, 22nd June, JQOJ.

PUBLIC NOTICE.

\X/HEREAS considerable difficulty has been experienced
in Departments of His Majesty's Government in Eng
land in connection with the attestation of signatures to docu-
ments executed in this Colony and required for use by Foreign
Governments, by reason of a lack of knowledge of the genuint-
ness:of the signatures to the same ;

R. BOND,

Colonial Secretary.
Colonial Secretary's Office,
March 5th, 1906.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention "The Newfoundland Quarterly."

„

THE . . .

NEWFOUNDLAND

QUARTERLY.

JOHN J. EVANS, PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR.

VOL. VI.— No. i.

JULY, 1906.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

NEWFOUNDLAND

THE SPORTSMAN'S
RETREAT.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Queen
Fire Insurance Company

FUNDS ........................ $AO,OOO,OOO

INSURANCE POLICIES

Against Loss or Damage by Fire

are issued by the above

well known office on the most

liberal terms.

JOHN CORMACK,

AGENT FOR NEWFOUNDLAND.

NEWMAN'S

Celebrated Port Wine,

In Cases of 1 doz. each,
at $8.25 in Bond; also,

in Hogsheads, Quarter Casks aJLd Octaves,

Baine, Johnston & Co.,

AGENTS.

OFFICE AND STORE — Adelaide Street. STONEYARD — Just East Custom
House, Water Street. Telephone, 364.

Parlor, Dining and
Office Furniture.

Venetian Blinds
Made to Order,

W. J. ELLIS,

Contractor, Builder, and Appraiser.

Dealer in Cement, Selenite, Plaster, Sand, Mortar, Brick, Drain Pipes
Bends, Junctions and Traps; Chimney Tops, all sizes, and Plate Glass-

Estimates Given for all kinds of Work at Shortest Notice.

Church Seats.

,#J. T. MARTIN,^

Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer,

38 New Cower Street.

Repairing Furniture Horses and Vans for

a Specialty. Removing Pianos, &c.

PUBLIC NOTICE.

attention of Butchers and Vendors of Fresh Meat is
drawn to the following provisions of the Thirty-Sixth
Chapter of the Consolidated Statutes (Second Series) : —

" Any person who shall in any city, town or settlement in this
Colony, kill, slaughter, scald or dress any animal for meat,
except with the permission of a
Stipendiary Magistrate, shall be liable for
every offence to pay a penalty not exceeding Twenty-
Five Dollars or imprisonment for a period not exceeding
Thirty Days."

After one month from this date all persons in the Central
District acting in contravention of the provisions recited, will
be prosecuted, unless in the interval a certificate be obtained
from the Health Inspector showing that the premises of such
butchers or vendors of fresh meat aie in good Sanitary condi-
tion, and that the regulations of the Board of Health with
respect to the management of slaughter houses are being com-
plied with.

Upon production of such certificate to the Magistrate a license
for the period of one year will be issued free of charge.

BREHM,

Medical Health Officer.

NOTICE TO

R. ALMON

St. John's, June nth, 1906.

Lobster Packers.

IVIOTICE is hereby given that Rule 18, of 1905, has been
rescinded, and the Regulation substituted therefor: —

RULE 18. — Every packer or canner of lobsters shall cause to
be attached to every can packed by him, a paper label not less
than i inch long and ^ of an inch wide, which label shall con-
tain, printed in clear and distinct figures, the number corres-
ponding to the number of the Lobster License of said packer.
The said label shall be attached and pasted on each can firmly
and securely. Any person in this Colony selling or purchasing,
or being in any way a party to any transaction in the nature of
a sale or purchased of any can containing lobsters without such
label as above described, shall be deemed.guilty of an offence
against these Rules and Regulations.

The labels shall be issued, upon application, by the Depart-
ment of Marine and Fisheries. The cost to be fixed by the
Department and defrayed by the Licensee.

No labels other than those obtained from the Department of
Marine and Fisheries shall be used.

ELI DA WE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Marine and fisheries'1 Department,
St. John's, Nfld., June, 1906.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Post Office Department

Parcels may be Forwarded by Post at Rates Given Below.
In the case of Parcels, for outside the Colony, the senders will ask for Declaration Form, upon which the Contents and Value must be Stated

FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND
LABRADOR.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM.

FOR UNITED STATES.

FOR DOMINION OF
CANADA.

I pou

2 pOU
3

4
6

8
9

8 cents

24 ce
24
24
48
48
48
48
72

72
72

72
No parcel s
less than

15 cents.
3°

4S
60

75
90

$1-05

Cannot exceed seven pounds
weight.

No parcel sent to D. of C. for
less than 15 cents.

nds

ii "

14 "

l6 "

17 "

48 "

20 "

6O "

23 "

26 "

8, u

29 "

06 "

32 "

$1 08

35 "

Ti "

Under I Ib. weight, I cent
per 2 oz.

ent to U. K. for
24 cents.

No parcel sent to U. S. for
less than 12 cents.

N.B.— Parcel Mails between Newfoundland and United States can only be exchanged by direct Steamers : say Red. Cross Line to and from New York ;
Allan Line to and from Philadelphia.

Parcel Mails for Canada are closed at General Post Office every Tuesday at 3 p.m., for despatch by " Bruce" train.

E^rtdi ftffir*** RATES OF COMMISSION
l^OSI UlllCe* ON MONEY ORDERS.

THE Rates of Commission on Money Orders issued by any Money Order Office in Newfoundland to the United States
of America, the Dominion of Canada, and any part of Newfoundland are as follows : —

For sums not exceeding gio 5 cts. Over $50, but not exceeding $60 ' 30 cts.

Over $10, but not exceeding $20 10 cts. Over $60, but not exceeding $70 35 cts.

Over $20, but not exceeding 830 ' _. 1 5 cts. Over $jo, but not exceeding $So 40 cts.

Over 830, but not exceeding $40 20 cts. Over $80, but not exceeding $90 45 cts.

Over $40, but not exceeding $50 25 cts. Over $90, but not exceeding Jiioo 50 cts.

Maximum amount of a single Order to any of the ABOVE COUNTRIES, and to offices in NEWFOUNDLAND, $100.00, but as
many may be obtained as the remitter requires.

General Post Office St. John's, Newfoundland, June, igob. H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

General Post Office, n Postal Telegraphs.

•JEREAFTER Cable Messages for all parts of the world will be accepted for transmission
over Postal Telegraph lines and cable to Canso, N. S., at all Postal Telegraph Offices in
this Colony.

INLAND.

TELEGRAMS for the undermentioned places in Newfoundland are now accepted for transmission at all Postal Telegraph
Offices in the Colony and in St. John's at the Telegraph window in the Lobby of the General Post Office, at Office in Court
House, Water Street, and in Building at King's Wharf, at the rate of Twenty Cents for Ten words or less, and Two Cents for
each additional word. The address and signature, however, is transmitted free: —

Avondale

Badger

Baie Verte (Little Bay N.)

Baine Harbor

Bay-de-Verde

Bay L'Argent

Bay Roberts

Beaverton

Belleoram

Birchy Cove (Bay of Islds.)

Bonavista

Bonne Bay

Botwoodville

Britannia Cove

Brigus

Brigus Junction

Burin

Carbonear
Catalina
Change Islands
Clarenville
Come-By-C nance
Conception Harbor
Crabb's Brook
Fogo
Fortune
Gambo
Gander Bay
Glenwood
Grand Bank
Grand Falls
Grand Lake
Grand River
Greenspond

Hant's Harbor
Harbor Breton
Harbor Grace
Harbor Main
Heart's Content
Herring Neck
Holyrood
Howards

Humber Mouth (River-
head, Bay of Islands)
King's Cove

King's Point (S.W.A..G.B.)
Lamaline
Lewisport
Little Bay
Little River

Lower Island Cove

Manuels

Millertown Junction

Musgrave Harbor

New Perlican

Newtown

Nipper's Harbor

Norris' Arm

N. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Old Perlican

Pilley's Island

Port-au-Port (Gravels)

Port-aux-Basques (Channel)

Port Blandford

Stephenville Crossing

St. George's

St. Jacques

St. John's

St. Lawrence,

Sandy Point

Scilly Cove

Seldom-Come-By

Sound Island

S. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Terenceville (head of

Fortune Bay)
Terra Nova
Tilt Cove
Topsails
Trinity
Twillingate
Wesleyville
Western Bay
Whitbourne

Long Harbor

Postal Telegraph Message Forms may be obtained at any Post Office in the Colony, and from Mail Clerks on Trains and Steamers. If the sender
desires, the message may be left with the Postmaster, to be forwarded by mail Free of Postage to nearest Postal Telegraph Office.

General Post Office, St. John's, Newfoundland, June, 1906.

H. J.

WOODS, Postmaster General.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

H CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. Sj

Avalon Steam Cooperage, Limited.

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL CLASSES OF

Tight and Slack Packages and Boxes, Pickle Barrels, Salmon Tierces,
Berry Barrels, Oak Oil Casks, Drums, Fish Casks*

Special attention paid to Scotch Pack Herring Barrels.

Millmen Attention!

Office and Works : Brewery Lane, «

Best Prices paid for all classes of
Cooperage Material. Call 01* Write.

* St. John's, Newfoundland.

^ IT IS A WELL KNOWN FACT *

. . . that

Libby, McNeil! & Libby's

PRODUCTS

occupy

S FIRST PLACE

amongst

CANNED MEATS and SOUPS.
HEARN & CO., Agents.

FOR PRICE LIST.

Of London, England.

ESTABLISHED 1831.

The Guardian has the largest paid-up capital of any
Company in the world transacting a Fire business.

Subscribed Capital
Paid-up Capital ...
Invested Funds exceed -

$lo,ooo,ooo
5,ooo,ooo

23,5oo,ooo

T. & M. WINTER,

Agents for Newfoundland.

$4 A MONTH

Is not very much for a young man of 20 to put
aside out of his salary, but if invested with the

Confederation Life it will give

To his family, if he dies before age 40,. . .$1000.00
To himself, if he lives to age 40, from. . . .$1150.00

to $fj?2.oo
according to plan selected.

Insure early, while your health is
good. You will get your money back earlier
in life, when you can use it better.

CHAS. O'NEILL CONROY,

GENERAL AGENT FOR NFLD,

Law Chambers, St. John's, N. F.

^pSj^^HP^PjM^^PSffi^iiMPSSPilj^^

. HARVEY

St. John's, Newfoundland.

Manufacturers of

No. i & No. 2 Hard Bread,
Soda, Pilot, Lunch, and
Fancy Biscuits.

Be sure to ask for HARVEY'S

Soda, Pilot, and Lunch Biscuits.

"They are Leaders.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY;

VOL. vi.— NO. i.

JULY, 1906.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

ncurtoundiand Dame-Core*

By Most Rev. M. F. How ley, D.D.
xv.

IN my last contribution I promised to take up the name of
TRINITY,

the capital of the magnificent bay bearing the same name.
Before entering upon the history of that name, I will here give
a summary of a very inteiesting letter recently received by me
from from the Rev. W. R. Canon Smith, of Portugal Cove.
This venerable and learned clergyman is one of the best authori-
ties in the country on the Nomenclature of Trinity and its sur-
roundings, having been born and spent the greater part of his
life in the neighborhood.
Respecting the name

SHERWICK, OR SHERWINK. POINT,

the bold headland which forms the northern entrance of Trinity
Harbor, Rev. Dr. Smith writes : —

" It is a high bold cliff, and has always hitherto been dignified
" by the title of a ' Headland,' and never spoken of as being a

ROMAN CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL. , ,

" mere point." "A point," he continues, "in Newfoundland
" nautical phraseology is always used to denote a piece of land
" jutting out into the sea of a much lower elevation than is (not
" Sherwink but)

SKERWINK HEAD."

Not having any personal knowledge of the place myself, I gladly
accept this correction. I took my information both as to the
contour of the land and the spelling of the name from, what I
considered an authentic source, viz., " The Sailing Directions
for the East Coast of North America," London, Jas. Imray &
Sons, 1898. This is how it is there mentioned : " Trinity Har-
bor lies westward of the point of land of which Sherwink Head
is the southern extremity," &c. . . . Again, " 2 he English

Pilot," published by W. & J. Mount, T. Page & Son, London
Tower 'Hill, M,DCC,LV (1755), speaks of it as " Sherwiek
Point" stating that the Point is " bold." I find, however, on
old maps such as The French Imperial Map (after T. Lan°),
1792, as well as on the modern school map of Murray & Howley,
1891, that it is given, on the former, as " Skerwink" simply
without the addition of Point, Head, or any such word, while on
the latter (Howley) it appears as " Skerwink Hd."

" The derivation of the name," continues Canon Smith, " has
" been a puzzle to every etymologist, . . . the name is time-
" honoured. When a boy I took much interest in the name.
" Very old people told me that their grandfathers never knew it
" by any other name than Skerwink. ... I often heard the
" fishermen call it ' Skerwink-O.' At the time I thought the
" final O was a facetious or playful addition, . . . but lately I
" am inclined to think that ' there was method in their mirth.'
" The early frequenters of Trinity were not likely to have any
'• knowledge of Botany : they probably confounded our Indian
" pipe (or cup) with a plant in their own country to which it
" bore some resemblance, namely, the win-co-pipe or anagallis
" arvensis. The Indian cup is found in abundance in a marsh
" on the summit of Skerwink. Robin Hood Bay, lying within
" a few miles of this Headland, induces me to think ih.it sou ,
'• at least of the first visitors to Trinity were Yorkshire men ''
There is a Robin Hood Bay in Yorkshire between Scarborough
and Whitby. " The natives of the Kast Coast of Yorkshire are
" largely of Danish descent. Sker is Danish for a headland.
" Hence Scarborough, Skerborough. The borough lying under
" the Head, and defended by its castle, hence also Sker-win-co
" — the Head where grows the win-co-pipe." The learned
Canon writes that this solution is entirely original, and he being
himself of Yorkshire descent ought to be considered as an an--
thority, and I am fully convinced of the truth of his conclusion.

I may here say that there is an island rock at the entrance to
Acquaforte Harbor which is called by the people

SPURAWINKLE.

I had thought this a corruption of Periwinkle. But it is not im-
probable that it may be another corruption of Sker-win-co.

Other names to be found in the neighborhood of Trinity are
mentioned by Canon Smith, but they are mostly names which
are found in various places about our Cape, as for instance
" Nudduck," which means a small hill, or tolt. " Ryder's, or
" Gun, Hill holds the same relation to Trinity that Castle Hill
" does to Placentia. Its summit was covered with earth-works
" still to be seen"; some of the old cannon still remain.

Now to come to the name of

TRINITY.

In the year 1615 Sir Richard Whitbourne came out to New-
foundland empowered to hold Court, empannel juries, and so
forth. There had been disputes between the fishermen and
settlers of Guy's plantation at Cupids, and those of Mosquito.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Whitbourne writes as follow (page 65, Discourse) : " I did then
" arrive ... in the Bay of Trinity opon Trinitie Sunday, being
" the 4th of June," from which one would suppose he there and
then gave the name of Trinity. That is not, however, the fact,
for in speaking of this place as far back as 1579, on his first
voyage to Newfoundland, he mentions it as even then having
had the name of Trinity. He says, " In my first voyage about
40 years ago we were bound to Grand Bay (see Nos. I.— IV. of this
Series) on the North, we bare with Trinity Harbour." This is
written in his Preface about the year 1616. Forty years before
that date would be about 1579, or '78. We find the name of
Trinity also mentioned in Guy's letters dated 1611. I am in-

clined to believe that the name was given by Cortereal. It Wast
a favorite one with the Spanish and Portuguese. Columbus, ort
his third voyage (May 30, 1498), set out " En el noinbre dela
Santissima Trinidad" — In the name of the most Holy Trinity — •
and made a vow to give that name to the first land he should
see. By a coincidence which he considered a supernatural
approval of his design, the first land he saw presented the ap-1
pearance of three mountains united at the base.

Whether there is any such appearance in the land about
Trinity, or whether the division of the waters of the Harbour
into three arms may not have suggested the name, I am not
prepared to say, +M. F. H.

Cbc l)eu) Rubaipat.

Describing ye Dawn,
he exhorteth his friend
to awake •

Ye signs of Dawn.

Omar Kbappam,

The Tent-maker,

(Reincarnate in Terra Nova)

inviteth his friend,

HhmcU Xssar,

The Oil-Presser,

(also reincarnate ibidem)

to go a-Fishing.

WAKE, for the ruddy streaks of laggard Dawn
Through the gray Eastern clouds are softly drawn

With splendid promise of a Summer Day,
And many a Dew-drop lies upon the Lawn.

II.

Wake, for methought a moment since I heard
The first faint twitter of a wakening Bird;

The breath of Subhi through the land suspires.
And whispering Leaves with Breeze of morn are
stirred.
III.

Recommendeih ye Cocktail, Come, bring the Cup with Tail of Chanticleer,
with prospect of Thy morning Draught ; eftsoons the sparkling Beer

noon-day Beer. ftr-ti r • , ^ , , &

Vvill foam in larger Goblet, when the Sun

Glints o'er the Fore- Yard and the Noon is near.
VI.

But long ere this, Assar, O, Brother, Friend,

We shall have reached our Journey's joyous End,

And featly joined our supple Fishing- Wands,
And, haply, tasted of the " Highland Blend."

For not where Naishapfir's sweet waters run.
Nor in the Fish-Ponds of great Babylon,

Ever such Sport had we as Fate hath given
Us, 'neath the mild rays of this Northern Sun.

VI.

Nor ever, in the Ruby-Kindled Wine
Of Persian grapes, did Ecstasies combine,

Such as this Boreal Nectar makes to course
Throughout onr bounding Poises, Mine and Thine.

VII.

What though Iram be gone with all its Ro<e,
And Jamshyd's Seven-Ringed Cop, where no one

knows,

Still shall we find the sparkling wines of France,
And many a Scottish Flagon, I suppose.

VIII.

I often think that man, on Fishing bent.
Enjoys far more his sweet Environment,

Than that mere capture of his Scaly Prize,
If he have Meat and Drink to his content.

Ye Journey's end, with
preparations for ye
Fishing.

He compareth ye
Persian Waters with
Waters of Terra Nova :

Comparelh ye Persian
Wines with Liquors of
this Land:

Kecalleth ancient Days,
and noteth present
compensation*.

Ve requirements of ye
Fisher.

Ve same again.

A choice Havana underneath the TfeeSi
Sufficient store of Liquid Ecstasies,

A dainty Pasty, or a I,eg of Lamb —
What more doth mortal Fisher need than these?

" But came we not to fish ?" I hear you ask :
Nay, Friend, the Sport is but a tiresome task,

Art not content on this soft verdant Bank
To loll at ease, to eat, to drink, to bask ?

XI.

Myself did sing, Eight Hundred Years ago,
" 1 came like Water, and like Wine I go,"

Nor dreamed I then my Dust should live again
In this far Land where cooling Breezes blow.

XII,

For though in this far Land the Flaming Foal
Shines not on Us from yon inverted Bowl,

If Dust, again incarnate, doth survive,
"We change the Sky but do not change the Soul.''

XIII.

And I, who breathe to-day this Pine Wood's Balm,
Am still the self-same I, the old KHAYYAM;

And Dust to Dust, again when I return,
I go to long, but not to endless, Calm.

XIV.

Yes, I again shall reach the River Brink,
And meet the Angel of the Darker Drink,

And when, again, he bids my Soul to quaff,
Assar, thou knowest that I shall not shrink,

XV.

And, after long, long Aeons of Repose,
My New-Life's Blossom shall again unclose:

Why then perplex myself with When and Where ?
He knows about it all, HE knows, HE knows !

XVI.

H«commendeth ye Bowl : Enough ! with liquid Transports fill the Bowl.
All else is Vanity: the Immortal Soul,

Perfused with THIS, doth mount on Wings of File,
JJor heeds It how the rushing seasons roll.

Ye sport itself.

He confesscth liis former
error :

Tho' translated he is
still ye same in soul :

He insisteth upon ye
immutability of his soul :

Anticipate!!] his n«x»
Passing :

And afterwards his
further incarnation :

He forecasteth his
Rest,

And bespeaketh n
Libation.

XVII.

Yon Sun, who sheds on as his West'ring Gleam
How oft on this fair Prospect will he beam.

And seek Us Two ; but one of Us shall lie
Sunk in a Sleep, too deep for any Dream.

XVIII.

And when again, AssSr, thy Friend shall pass

Beyond the Verge ; and, leaning on this Grass,

Thou, still surviving, shall recall thy Friend,

On this dear Spot turn down my Empty Glass.

TAMAM.

A. J. W. McN.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

HON. JOHN HARVEY.
President of the Regatta Committee.

CHURCH OF ENGLAND CATHEDRAL.

THE CLUB HOUSE,
Game Fish Association.

L. E. KEEGAN, B.A., M.D.,
President Game Fish Association.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Signal hill.

^> £•. c.

FROM thy bold rocks, thy splendid heights

I saw a ship pass hence ;
A ship ! nay, many a noble ship

Has gone that course ! And whence ?
Ah whence ? And why return they not ?

Fond hearts by grief are riven
Aye, ships sail in and ships sail out

But some bear freight to Heaven I

A bride stands on the deck of one—

She waves her hand " Good bye" I —
A volume's in the little word

That flutters ere it die ;
The mists turn purple o'er the land,

The wavelets wi*per low —
The good ship hastens on its course

Unheeding weal or woe !

Another bears away the dreams

Ambitions built so high !
Fond hearts are aching way inshore

A speck 'twixt sea and sky
Recede the ship ! Where are the dreams ?

Why comes not back the form
Who waved his bonny hand to her

Before that awful storm !

The EYE that watches each fa:r ship

And notes each pennant bri. h .
Sees many dreams, heais many shrieks

Beyond the Beacon Light ;
Our ships sail in, our ships -a 1 out

By storm or tempest riven ;
To-day we stand with waving hand,

To-morrow port is Heaven !

SAI.MONIER ARM, ST. MARY'S BAY.

^ Che Beach, ^

By Dan Carroll.
WITH hoarse and threatening shout the angry sea

Smites at thy breast,
Yet, back of thee the lily's heart is fiee

From all uniest.
Thou knowest ocean's wrath, the tempest's foam

Is on thy face,
Yet soon 'twill steal to thee with sob and moan

And crave thy graje.

Here, the great waters T56w in rev'rence low-
To God's command, " No further shall thou go ;" — .
And on thy span of sand they chant this song,—
" He's chosen the weak ones to <_onfound the strong.'

Reu, flndreiu Robertson, iXD.

Rector Presbyterian Church, St. John's.

THE RKV. ANDREW ROBERTSON, D.D., is by birth a Scotsman. Many
a good man and true, many a faithful herald of the word, has come to us
from Scotland, men who have left their mark indelibly upon our church
and country. Witness James MacGregor, Thomas McCullocfi, Duncan
Ross; witness, Hugh MacLeod. Andrew King, A.Forrester, Alexander
Farquharson, Robert Burns", and a splendid galaxy in more recent times.
Andrew Robertson took us all by surprise. He came ; he went cheerfully
to work in our mission fields as a student catechist ; whenever he went,
wherever he laboured ; to whatever task he turned his hand, it was easy to
note that he was diligent, that he was efficient, that the people wonld hear
him gladly. His theological course [not by any means his theological edu-
cation] was completed at Edinburgh, where Professors and fellow-students
at once recognized him as a young man of exceptional promise. As a
preacher he was acceptable in the remoter mission stations as well as in the
city pulpits. In 1888 he was calld to New St, Andrew's, New Glasgow,
and speedily won the confidence and affection of the people and the Pres-
bytery.

In 1896 Dr. Robertson was called to occupy a difficult and responsible
post, the pastorate of St. Andrew's Church, Newfoundland. In the great
Province of Newfoundland Presbyterians are but few in numbers, but they^
aie influential, they are intelligent, and we may venture to add, they are
wealthy. They know how to appreciate the ideal pastor, the man who is
fervently evangelical, and who also is no stranger to the latest developments
of theology and philosophy and the latest achievement in literature, a man
of literary culture, taste and eloquence ; who knows bow to dispense the
new wine in such a way as to avoid bursting the old bottles, and who dis-
pises not the things that are new or old if only they are precious things of
God. The Presbyterians of St. John's at once recognized in Dr. Robertson
the man who could " find" them and appeal to the heart, the taste, the
understanding and the conscience.

Dr. Andrew Robertson is the youngest of our Doctors of Divinity. He
worthily occupies a somewhat lonely but highly important outpost of our
Church. He worthily represents the scholarship, the pulpit power, the
pastoral care and the wholesome theology of our Church. — From th'e
Presbyterian Witness.

THE illustrations in this issue are from photographs kindly given to u*
by S. H. Parsons, James Vey, C. O'N. Conioy, Dr. Keegan, W. A. B.
Sclater, L. F. Brown, and others. The front page illustrating Newfound-
land Sport is made up as follows :— " Trout Fishing," photo by Jas. Vey ;
" Caiibou Shooting," photo by S. H. Parsons ; " Wilson's Snipe," photo
by W. A. B. Sclater.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Sbooting at Peter's Rtocr Grounds.

By W. A. B. Sclater.

^OMEWHF.RE in the early seventies a note from an old
(S sporting friend, reminding me of a promise to take him to
my favourite shooting ground viz., Peter's River, and saying
that he had word from there, that there were plenty of birds and
that they were in fine condition decided me, and after having
got tents, guns, &c., packed and sent on with the dogs, we started
on our long journey (over a none too good road) of eighty miles
to St. Mary's. From there we took a boat down Holyrood
Pond, and arrived at Peter's River on the second night, and
put up at Mr. Lundrigan's hospitable home, known to every
sportsman who visits the place. We sat up late that night with
pur host, talking over the St. John's news, and, what was of more
interest to us, the chances of a good bag on the morrow. We
made an early start next morning for Peter's Pond grounds,
taking two guides with us. It was late in the afternoon when
we arrived at the camping ground, as we did some little shooting
by the way.

We pitched our camp in a well sheltered nook, by a babbling
brook, close under the fir trees. Mike (one of the guides) soon

THE AUTHOR AND HIS GUIDE.

had some of the grouse (shot on the way in) cooking on sticks
round the camp fire. The kettle boiled and tea made, we set
to, with appetites sharpened by the long tramp from the coast.
Supper over we were just starting our pipes, when Mike's sharp
ear caught the Honk, Honk, of the Canada goose. Presently
we all heard it, even the Doctor who had turned in ; for a voice
from the sleeping bag wanted to know why some of us young
fellows could not go off and try to get a few of them. Mike
said that the birds were in the lake, so he and I started to try
and get a shot. However, he was not at all satisfied with the
gun I carried (the Doctor's 12 bore Greener), and went back to
camp for his; and scorcher it was. six feet long, one inch bore,
the lock fastened to the stock with wire and screws, was fitted
with flint and steel, or as Mike called it, a fire place. (Why it
did not go to pieces at the first shot was the wonder). The
muzzle was worn thin as paper ; taken altogether it had a hard

look. He had, as is usual with the fisherman, taken off the trig-
ger guard, as he said it hurt his finger when firing heavy loads.
"Hold on a moment, sor, and I'll just put a light load in her be-
fore going down to the pond." He proceeds to do so; first he
pours a few ounces of powder from the horn into his hand, then
into the muzzle, on top of that a wad of ship's oakum, then a
handfull of B. B. shot, and then more oakum, all well driven
as tight as possible. The flint broken with the back of his
knife, touch-hole cleared, fresh powder in the pan, and off we
start for the lake. " I say, Mike, you have too much in that gun ;
she will go to smash and give the Doctor a job." " No fear, sor,
I have only six fingers in her," and placed four fingers of one hand
and two of the other on the protruding rod, to prove what he said ;
but such fingers I It would take ten fingers of an ordinary man to
fill the same space! We got down to the lake without accident, but
no geese were in sight. Mike was, however, not at all put out.
"We are all right, sor, they are over there on the mash and will
be back in the pond soon." We had not long to wait, for in a
few minutes the honk, honk, coming this time from the marsh
told us that they were on the way. A startling honk, honk, close
to my ear caused me to turn sharp round, only to see by the
twisting of Mike's face that the last calls came from him. The
geese heard and answered several times, and as the caller did
not go to them they made up their mind to come to us.

" Here they come, sor ! look out and take it easy, don't shoot
till they get over the island, I will take them going off." Sure
enough I here they come, calling all the time. Opposite the
inland they changed their minds and go over it, giving me a
long shot which only scattered them, but just as they got in line
again Mike's six-footer booms out. A cloud of smoke is the
first result, Mike on his back (tripped over a boulder) the
second : but on getting down to the lee of the island, we find six
dark objects bobbing up and down on the waves, which a
favouring wind helped us to gather. " Oh ! sir," says Mike,
" you had the laugh on my old fusee to day, but if we had to
depend on that fancy little gun of the Doctor's we would have to
go back to camp without a sign of a feather." I said nothing
then as I thought it would have been a loss of time to try and
convince Mike of the beauties of the Greener Gun after what
had happened. We got back to camp tired but happy at
our luck.

Voice from the sleeping bag : " Well, what luck ? We heard
you fire three shots, and Mike, I noticed that you got off that
cannon or yours. Do you require my services to set your
shoulder?" "Oh! no, your honor, I only had a small load in
her; but she got six." " What, six geese ?" " Yes, your honor,
and it was the old fusee that got them ; they were too far for
that little gun of yours, I heard the shot strike on their feathers,
but they were too far." (I think this last was added to let me
down easy.)

We were up and had breakfast by dawn ; the day was just
right, very little wind, with a little dew on the ground. Mike
and I were mates for the day, the Doctor taking the other man.
After arranging to meet for luncheon at a place a few miles
down the river, we started. The Doctor and his dogs were soon
lost sight of, but we knew by his shooting that he was having
good sport. We had only started from camp when the dogs
drew up on a fine covey ot grouse, the old dog " Sam" laying

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY:

close to the ground, and the young one backing beautifully.
Mike started the covey which got up nicely, giving me two easy
shots, which I got — old Sarii still staunch — the young one ready
for a chase; but Mike's big hand was on his collar, and a "No,
you — — blackguard, you won't get the chance to run them up
this time." A few "cuffs" from Mike's free hand and his lesson
was learned. We followed up the rest of that covey, and got
most of them, found others, and when we met the Doctor at
noon we both had good bags. Mike's plan for cooking f,roi se
came in very well here. We could not carry the bake-pot with
us, but the ever ready Mike was at hand with a plan that I had
seen used before. A hole was dug in the ground, and a fire
built in it. After the ground had been heated, the grouse
packed in wet clay was placed in the heated hole, and covered
with the hot earth taken from the hole. A fire was then placed
on top. and kept going for half an hour. When th" birds were
taken out the skin, feathers, &c., came off, some melted butter
poured over them, made " a dish fit for the king."

WILSON'S SNIPE.

After luncheon, a smoke and forty winks, we started on our
way back to camp, this time together. Shortly after starting we
had the best picture of the day, our five dogs got the scent
of a covey at the same time, and all brought up together, old
"Sam" standing, and all the others backing, looking like painted
dogs on a painted hillside. We shot most of the birds, and old
"Sam" retrieved every oue of them, after the last one was shot
or gone away. We got back to camp before dark with good bags
and at peace with all the world. We had one of the geese cooked
by Mike for supper, and found it so tough that we were sony
we had not cooked the grouse instead. Though tired we sat up
late over the big camp fire, shooting our game again, over
our hot punch, which " by the bye" was always brewed by the
Doctor, who was an adept at the job. We remained at that
camp for a week and had fine sport all the time.

Mike, rather reluctanly, admitted that the little guns were not
bad for some kind of shooting, but for geese, No. We saw
tracks of caribou and bear, but never once got near enough for

a shot. We had rather good sport with Wilson's snipe on the
river flats. This was to have been the first of many shoots we
were to have had with Mike as guide, but before we got there
again poor Mike had gone over the cliff quite near where we were
then camped, and has never been seen since. He was a good
hearted fellow, a good guide, and we who knew him best, hope
that he is now in the happiest of happy Hunting Grounds.

The one thing you never could depend upon was his idea of
distances. Ask him " How far is it from camp Mike?" " Ah 1
no distance at all, — may be a mile or two." Well,— -you would
perhaps get the same answer an hour or two after, though you
had been walking in the same direction all that time. He was
a strong man, and thought nothing of packing 150 pounds with
a strap across his forehead. If you asked if the load was not
heavy ? " No weight at all, your honor (this to the Doctor), but
it is wonderful dry work." That always meant a glass of water
well qualified with whisky, fifteen minutes rest and a smoke. On
one occasion we were coming back by the cliffs. The way was
only a sheep path, with a sheer fall of 100 feet if you missed
your footing. Mike, who was in front, turned around saying,
" Give me that fool dog he will be over the cliff," and catching
him by the legs swung him up on top of his load, bringing him
down in safety.

neiDfoundlancl Summer.

By Robert Gear MacDonald.

i.
FAR over the bay has the slow sinking sun

Shed its crimson and gold,
But the daylight has yet many minutes to run.

Ere its redness grow cold.
And the twilight will come — that calm hour of the day,

When, our hearts at their best,
Our spirits may roam, and our fancies may stray,
.. In a rapture of rest.

II.
And over our heads the gulls wing to the sea

From the marsh-hidden place
Where their nests are; and scream they aloud in their glee

As they join in the race.
And the stream prattles on, which the angler will leave,

With his basket of trout,
To the glory and cool of this magical eve

Ere the lights have gone out.

III.
Oh, days of the freshness and strength of the North

And of light in the night
From stars over head that shoot suddenly forth

Into rapt lover's sight :
Oh, hours by the bay o'er whose body of blue

Comes a change every hour,
A change in the pulse-beat, a change in the hue,

Made by Nature's vast power I

IV.
lone, thy summer is fleeing apace

Take advantage of this ;
While this glorious air brings the blush to thy face,

Despise not thy bliss.
Surrender thy proud heart, assaulted so long,

To another or me ;
Surrender, and give me a theme for a song,

Full of sadness or glee I
June, tgob.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Che Californian Rainbow Croui.

By A. J. W. McNeily, K.C.

0F all the fish which glorify the bright fresh waters of the
world, the lakes and streams of this very pleasant earth,
easily first, from the sportsman's point of view, we count
Salmonidie. The lordly Salmon by reason of his beauty and
his strength is of course the King of them all, chief in the regal
sept of this splendid clan. But still the lesser Sa/monidce, his
congeners of humbler rank, are among the nobility of fishes.
They are beautiful to look upon ; they are strong, and subtle,
and courageous : and they are born fighters, game to the death.
In the blood of every healthy man, even the gentlest and the
kindliest, there survives some immaterial relic of the ancestral
sivage. It evades all microscopic analysis : but it is there ; and the
evolution of thousands of generations has not destroyed it. If
it is a fine day we all of us want to "kill something." " Destruc-
tiveness" is the name which the psendo-science of Phrenology

A. J. W. MCNEILY, K.C.

has given to this very human tendency. For birds, for beasts,
and for fishes, man has in all ages invented his engines of de-
struction ; and the instinct which was implanted in him for the
purposes of supplying his daily food (though the necessity in
that behalf may have passed away) survives in the tendency to
sport with Rod and Gun. All these several forms of sport in-
Yolve healthy exercises, patience, labour, and skill ; and more-
over they bring man into .immediate contiact with Nature herself.
But of all these" several forms of sport the most refined and
elevating is undoubtedly the gentle art of Angling, " The Con-
templative Man's Recreation." Your Fisherman pursues his
Vocation amidst a surrounding of enchantment. About and
above and around him i£ '^all the pomp that fills the glory of
the summer hills," before him" is the wimpling stream or the blue
lake with its "innumerable smile." i.jjS'e fragrance of pices per-
vades his atmosphere ; the wild flowers thatfeh&jt^adjpsupon
send forth their subtle odours, and " soft incense hangs upon
the boughs."

It is needless to observe that none of these charms appeal to

the Fish-Hog or Pot-Hunter, the man who counts his fish by de-
cades of dozens and who poses as a sportsman. No fascinations
of Nature can penetrate his being. When we speak of "Fisher-
men" we do not include him in the category. " Odi profanum
rufgus et arceo." But let us return to our — fishes.

We are fain to believe that by unanimous verdict the Rainbow
Trout of California, (Salmo iridescens Californiensis), would be
acclaimed as, next to the Salmon, the dominant species of his
Order. It is only in weight and strength that his great congener
excels him. In shapeliness and perfection of form the Salmon
can give him no points. Weight for weight, the Rainbow is a
nimbler, sprightlier, and gamer fish. The silver sheen of the
Salmon is fair to look upon : but it is not comparable with the
gorgeous colouring of the Rainbow in his prime. He is fittingly
named ; for, as he comes to your net, you can see all the iride-
scent hues, that perfect harmony of brilliant tinting of the Bow
set in the cloud, and " blight as Noah saw it yet."

One of the most delightful memories of my life is of a lovely
midsummer evening some ten years ago. The scene was Little
Oliver's Pond on the Northern side of Windsor Lake. The
time was about half an hour before the sunset of these longest
days. I had got one good fish of about two pounds and a half:
but after that we saw no rising fish for fully an hour ; but we
"fished and better fished" as good old Michael used to say;
when, suddenly, there was "a flash, a whirl," and the music of
the running reel. At eveiy slightest check, high out of the water,
leaped a noble fish, till forty full yards of line sung through the
cringles. But I was in parlous plight : for he was approaching
the edge of a heavy bed of lilies, and if he reached them, I
knew he was lost to me forever. It was a case for instant judg-
ment and heroic action. He was still vigorous and agile, but I
had to take all risks. In an instant my ringer was on the line
above the'reel, and he was checked in his mad career. Another
spring of two feet out of water and he resigned himself to ' sulk."
With as tense a strain upon my nerves as on my line, I held
him for what was probably a minute, but appeared to me like
ten, when suddenly he rushed towards the boat, and it was ex-
citing work to reel up fast enough to maintain the strain upon
him. Under the boat he rushed, as nearly all these big fish are
wont to do, and I had to shift my rod toward the bow to the
starboard side. But I knew now that I had him under control
and that he would soon be a " passive resister." Five minutes
after and Tom Kearsey, with expert hand and eye, had him,
exhausted, in the net. He had given me twenty minutes of
ecstatic thrill ; and as he lay at the bottom of the boat, glorified
by the last slanting rays of the declining sun, with all his re-
splendent colours gleaming brightly he was a vision of delight.
And he weighed five pounds two ounces.

" Fit for an Abbot ef Theleme,

For the whole Cardinal's College or

The Pope himself, in Lenten dream,

To see before his vision gleam.
He lay there, the sogdologer !"

II.

It is interesting to note the history of the introduction of this
' magnificent fish into our local waters. The Game Fish Protec-
tion Society in the early eighties had been unfortunately suc-
cessful in cultivating the Loch Leven Trout, which has turned
out to be the most predaceous and voracious of Cannibals.
Before him, in nearly all the waters where he has established
himself, the indigenous trout have vanished, and indeed
have become exterminated. In Mundy's Pond, in Quidi
Vidi Lake, and in Petty Harbour Rocky Pond, he
holds undisputed possession, and it is only in the larger lakes,
such as Roundabout (or Variety) Pond, on the Petty Harbour
Road, and Bauline Long Pond, that his absolute monarchy and
exclusive possession is disputed by the native trout. I think
that he has "jumped a claim" on Windsor Lake; but of this I
cannot speak with authority. Up till '93 or '94, the Hatchery
of the Society was at Upper Long Pond, and it must have been

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

about '86 or '87 that the first attempt was made to introduce the
Rainbow Trout. The hatching-out of the ova was a complete
success ; but when the fry were set free, that was the end of them.
In four or five years some 50,000 fry were let loose into Long
Pond, and of these there is no authentic record that a single fish
ever survived. The eels and the Loch Levens not merely took
toll of them, but apparently took the whole of them. However
it be, there is no authentic record of a single Rainbow Trout
having ever been captured or seen either in Long Pond or in
Quidi Vidi, with which the upper pond communicates. The
Society was naturally disheartened by such a tragic failure ; and
in 1890 it was decided to abandon Long Pond as an area of
experiment.

At the suggestion of that veteran sportsman, my venerable friend
Jock Martin, it was considered desirable to select some ponds
where there were few or no fish, and no Loch Levens; and amongst
those which he selected was Murray's Pond. It was a water
eminently adapted for the nurture of the young fry. There

YEARLING POND" AT GAME FISH ASSOCIATION'S HATCHERV.

It is a notable fact that there is no possibility of hybridatidil
with the Rainbow Trout. Our native fish, according to theif
variety and environment, spawn at different seasons, not earlier'
than the latter part of August, and not later than October. The
Loch Leven spawns about November and December. The Rain--
bow does not spawn till late in April or well into May. There
is thus no possibly of cross-fecundation. In his family and off>
spring there can be no admixture of baser blood. Nature has
set him apart 'from his congeners by insuperable barriers, He
is a Levite among fishes ; and the purity of his progeny is guard-1
ed more securely than the alliances of kings.

I think I have somewhere before expressed an axiomatic prcn
position that " all good anglers when they die go to Heaven."
I am not inclined to retract or to qualify it by a jot or a tittle.
I know that if ever I get within the pearly gates, my first in-
quiries will be as to the " mansions" of some of the best anglers
that ever I have known " beneath the glimpses of the moon."
Since I ventured my obiter dictum I have discovered that I am
at one with James Russell Lowell, who, in the charming little
poem the first stanza of which I have quoted, goes on to sing
the praises of the gentle art, and of the "contemplative man."

" I see him step with caution due

Soft as if shod with moccasins,
Grave as in church, for who plies you,
Sweet craft, is safe as in a pew

From all our common stock o" sins.

The unening fly I see him cast.

That as a rose-leaf falls as soft
A flash ! a whirl ! he has him fast,
We tyros, how that struggle last

Confuses and appals us oft.

Unfluttered he : calm as the sky

Looks on our tragi-comedies.
This way and that he lets him fly,
A sunbeam-shuttle, then to die,

Lands him, with cool aplomb, at ease.

Oh, born beneath the Fishes' sign,

Of constellations happiest,
May be somewhere with Walton dine,
May Horace send him Massic wine,

And Burns Scotch drink, the nappiest I

And when they come his deeds to weigh

And how he used the talents his.
One trout fcale in the scales he'll lay,
[If trout had scales], and 'twill outsway

The wrc ng side of the balances."
So MOTE IT bk. I

were very few fish in it, and these few were indigenous. At
that time the pond swarmed with leeches. A large part of it
was wooded to the edge of the waler, and all over the surface
there were patches of lily-pads (Nymp/iaea lutea). All these
natural features formed factors in an environment of adaptation.
On May 24th, 1890, the ova (imported from New York) were
hatched out at Long Pond, and on the 2ist of June following
500 of the young fry were set free in Murray's Pond. We
have no means of tracing their progress during their first year;
but in 1892 vague rumours came to some of us of large fish having
been seen or taken in Murray's Pond, in which at that time the
public had a right of fishery. To ascertain the truth of these
rumours on the 8th of June, 1892, just a month before the great
fire, Dr. Keegan and myself went out to Murray's Pond : and,
though we got but four fish, we were amply rewarded. The
smallest was about a pound and three quarters ; and the larger
two were precisely the same weight, two pound and four oz. each.
Here then we have unimpeachable evidence as to the rapid de-
velopment of these magnificent fish in a favourable environment.
Three years afterwards, in November of 1895, I caught in the
same pond the record fish, which weighed seven pound* twelve
ounces : and this fish was five and a half years old. Since
then however the leeches seem to have died out : the number of
fish has increased ; but, in the struggle for existence, the size
has run down ; and very few trout over two pounds are taken
in the course of the season. We have now fenced off from the
main water a " Yearling Pond," in which the young fish are
kept till they are twelve months old, and specially fed with
whale-meat and other adventive food.

A MORNING S CATCH OF TROUT.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY:

The Reid Newfoundland Company's Fleet of Steamers-

A MORNING'S CATCH,

WATERFORD BRIDGE VALLEY OPPOSITE LUKE'S BROOK-

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Camp fires.

ftotes of a Srccch delivered at tbe Dinner of tlx Canadian Camp, new York.

By L. f. Brown.

HERfi afe notes from which I intended to tell of camping
experiences. I shall discard them, take a great risk, and
try to talk aS my heart is leading me, now. For, your ap-
proval, appreciation and applause, roused by the occasion,
by the admirable opening address of our toast-master, the ex-
cellent and notable response of our guest of honor, and by these
pictures, mean (must mean) that in spirit and sympathy we are
already gathered about the camp-fire itself. This occasion has
become unusal for even the Canadian Camp. In spite of these
electric lights and the cigar-smoke, this Camp seems filled with
the summ:r atmosphere of the North Woacls. . The sound of

CAMPING AliOVE GRAND LAKE.

night wind is among the spruces ; the drone of the trout-stream
fills the tent. The glow and balsam incense from the camp-fire
are in the air. And that fire is all right. The tent and the
bed of spruce boughs are fine ; but we must have smoke from
pine splinters or dry leaves and birch bark, — the crackle, sparks
and the flame, until the smell of burning balsam comes from
that backlog, and camp is home, — sweet home! We talk of that
fire best with our hearts. Words hardly seem rich enough.
We would love to see the very dead embers and black spot on
the ground where our last camp fire shone on the happy faces,
and kindled that answering glow in our hearts : and which your
approval reveals as living and shining here now, — in memories.

During my camping vacations only one camp-fire was too
sociable, and unwelcome. While we slept the wind waked up,
and woke up the woods. It blew in cold gusts; and the wilder-
ness howled, and we awoke, — to find our tent full of smoke, and
burning!

The camp-fire was calling on us ; and our excited Irish guide
denounced it, in words not permissible here, for burnin' his
smokin' tobacco and pipe 1 He said if he had only seen that
wind howlin' — seen it when he was asleep, or seen the fire be-
fore it was made then he could have saved the tent for use after
it was burned up! Sure, the only enjoyment in campin' was

any
and

when you got home, and was talkin' about it away from
camp fire that wanted to come into the tent to get warm,
then do all the smokin' itself.

But, sir, to sportsmen the evening camp-fire means a tired
body, but the tired feeling that goes with a happy heart and a
resting head. It means a savage appetite waiting for a fish or
giine supper, a smoke and a chat in the firelight afterward,
and genuine sleep while the fire burns low, in air never breathed.
Sometimes a Sportsman seeks that fire to forget, to heal sorrow,
or to find health and courage to face ordeals. And, the darker
the night, the brighter the camp-fire shines. And what friend-
ships ! You do not know your comrade until you eat and
smoke with him by a night fire in a wilderness where you may
need his help.

There, sir, your practical camp chum surprises you by reveal-
ing the poetry in himself ! and he has it in him for he loves a
camp fire. His heart is warmed, unfolded, disclosed by the
X-rays in that fire-light; and any moment he may declare that it
seems to him that the trout-stream chuckling out there, and the
wind of the tops of these pines are talking and listening to each
other, and then playing duets. Or he asks if you do not think
as adorable and sweet a place as any in nature is a pine forest
in sunshine after rain, with leaf-shadows dancing on the stream,
pine-board table and tent ; or he says these robins sing their
twilight rain-song from the topmost twigs of the spruces, just as
near heaven as they can perch. He may even tell you that
nearly all wild nature is an eye-harvest set to music, and sings
its visible harmonies into our hearts through our vision :^and
that then those harmonies sing in our hearts.

And you may stifle the approval in your heart, and tell him
he rides a hobby, — is a rhapsodist and a dreamer. " Dreams,"
he questions. '• All this wild environment may be visible dreams.
We are such stuff as — O well, say, have a fresh cigar, and a
light off this piece of birch bark. How these cigars have
improved !"

Now such sincerity is infectious; — we feel it in this Camp.
So your other comrade by the fire protests — asks if you notice
as you wade this trout-brook in hip boots, that you can almost

INTERIOR OF A CAMP IN NEWFOUNDLAND.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

touch not only the water, but foliage extended as if to shake
hands as well as to snag your flies and leaders ; and ferns,
mossy logs and rocks, and streamside clusters of flowers that
nod in the wind and seem to be alive and challenging your
admiration ; that as these grateful companions recede, you feel
a sense of loss; that each sight, sound, scent, and the play of
lights and shadows along these leafy canyons, stimulates to
keener perceptions and lifts a fog from your senses.

And when the twilight and evening redden the camp-fire, —
the darkness deepens the mystery of the woods, and that sky
gets spangled through its veil, and puffs of smoke pungent with
burning balsam make your nose and throat tingle (1 can smell
that smoke now !) ; and circling patches of foam out on the
black eddy of the pool come advancing into the firelight, pass
and recede into gloom, the watchers by the fire revel in it all.

Far along in the night, as you replace the fallen brands, and
may get your face heated, and your hands black, you notice that
sounds in the woods are not so much noises as they are frag-
ments of the stillness. And then you hardly escape waking
dreams. You are with the earth, not with wayfarers upon it, —
with nature, not human nature ; — under the spell of that sound
of falling water and the mystery of this wilderness, — the night
fragrance and sighing branches of these solemn pines. Do not
the quiet trees and plants claim fellow-ship and brotherhood,
and welcome you as their guest? You know, you know they
are glad you are with them. You are led through Nature's
visible beauty into the presence and source of her vital, invisible
beauty, and know, something, of its meaning in the cry of that
whippoorwill, in the laughter of loons out on the lake, or in the
far-off bellow of a moose ; — something of what, was meant by the
song, together, of those morning stars : that the ordained eleva-
tion of the land gives motion to that trout-stream, — makes it
seek the ocean, and adorn every white cascade with its own
little shower of tossing water-pearls, and over all its ripples it is
telling an endless story to its own self with ten thousand smiles
and dimples out yonder and away in the dark. You commune
with woods and streams, lakes and mountains through night and
day, while Nature, for you puts on robe after robe woven of
sunshine and shadow, the moonlight and the starlight, and
changing forms and colors of drifting cloud-ranges whose rain-
drops touch your face as if to smooth the wrinkles and check
the advance of age. O, sir, that is what we love, — the mysteri-
ous presences that we call Nature, — unfenced Nature, God's
Nature. We behold her best when in great woods and by
remote waters, gathering nightly beside the camp-fire. And
that is why we bring sprays of Canadian evergreen to all these
white tables and ask you to wear them over your hearts ; for
each spray contains a fragrant message from the big North
Woods. That is vhy so many sportsmen shoot and fish less
and less, and look, love, and use the camera more and more ;
and why an antlered caribou, a bngling elk, or a bighorn sheep
standing on crags above glaciers may have his beauty of life
spared to him in his own fastnesses. For wild life is the last
touch of the Divine in nature.
*******#

It is not easy, sir, to control feeling when talking of what so
many regard as almost a religion. It is not easy to choose
what to say.

Dozens of men here were chained to their desks in the cities'
heat of last July ; they had to endure it, and read in the evening
papers that hundreds were prostrated, scores dead, with no relief
in sight. And then, sir, many of us had a ride,— in the New
York subway! We sweltered through those night hours, and
shrank from the very coming of each hot day.

Now, what wonder, sir, if we longed for and could see the
cool, green vistas along our favorite trout-streams away up in
the wilds of sweet Canada, — could see that thin, blue column
and wisp of smoke rising through the trees from our camp-fire
burning right on the ground yonder beyond the canoes and in
front of the tent? I can see that fire now, and smell the smoke
and boiling coffee, and frying bacon and trout ! We heard the
splash of trout in those solitudes, the spatter of raindrops coming
along the tree umbrellas, striking the tent, and drowning the
voice of the stream and obscuring the woods in mist. Or we
felt cloud-shadows passing over us, and rushing water about
our rubber bootlegs ; saw reflected light from it shimmering and
flickering on overhanging foliage, and the crannies and sleepy
hollows of whole hill-slopes and ravines, dark with graceful
woods, above these laurel and rhododendron bushes, and the
alders and the fern-plumes with the little river crooning between
or along shadowy lagoons where parts of it had overflowed into
the woods on the other side, and limpidly gone to sleep I

Such fantasy, sir, if fantasy it be, some men cannot help, any
more than the wild fowl of the loose winds and free waters could
be happy in a dusty yard. Why, these men mean to watch
more camp-fires, where the countenance of the watcher often
has an expression never seen but in the light of that fire, — a
man face to face in a wilderness at night with his naked soul.

There he has no excuse for being wicked. Camp-fires sweeten
his disposition, — teach him that he owns stock in the beauty
and grace of this Earth. He eats and is comfortable ; smokes,
and is more comfortable; sleeps, and rises refreshed, and wants
breakfast hurried ; drinks more hot coffee, eats fried trout with
fingers, complains that the woods-hunger makes him ashamed
of his appetite ; lights a cigar right after breakfast, draws on the
wading boots and grabs the fishing rod, and is off to the pool
where he lost the big one yesterday because he slipped from
that log, — yes, and found the water cold and wet : where, as he
poured water from his boots, he saw that brown, fluttering bird
look into the sky to say : " I'm all rig/it I" And he answered
back : " Everything 's all right, little chap ; so am I if I am wet."

For months he grumbled in town that so much in the world
is all wrong, and had intellectual pride and satisfaction over dis-
satisfaction. Yet here he wonders how much of the suffering
and trouble of which men complain so bitterly is caused by their
own little selves. He knows why his wife wanted him to go
a-fishing, and watch more camp-fires. She was tired of his hap-
piness in being miserable.

From such fire comes reproving knowledge, as real as the
voice to Moses from the bush, that this is a good old world ;
that it is inconceivable that the intelligence that made the I'ni
verse, and him, could have been so untrue to itself as to mis-
make the world even without his help : that the gift of life in it
is a priceless blessing, — full of duties and hallowed with self-
sacrifice, mingling defeats with triumphs, and work with the
privilege of camping away out with wild Mother Nature, his
trout-rod a wand revealing the store of charms she yields to her
votary.

These are some of the lessons to the watcher by the fire in
the wilderness. The mind-mists born of overwork and nerve-
strain in town vanish. The current of his life grows clear and
musical, like his trout-stream.

Sir, we have here two or three brother anglers and campers,
including yourself, who are also fishers of men. What a joy to
them to know that they and their followers do not possess all
the religion in the world ; that it breaks out in unexpected places,
like the water of forest springs; and that many of their fellow
sportsmen who are only poor sinners are glad, glad to stand up
and say that they, also, " have seen Him in the watch-fires of a
hundred different camps."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Che Countrp in Summer.

By Rev. A. W. Lewis, B.D.

^OME prefer the country in winter. That is the time for
(N the skate and the snow-shoe. That is the time for the
dog and the " cat," two feet by four, with four horns, and
two runners for feet. That is the lime for the lumbermen ; but
a sorry time it is for the rabbit. The country in winter is not
so bad as is pictured by the alien mind, untutored. It is the
time for the beautiful snow, and the frost on the pane, with its
delicate tracings and fabric of shining and wondrous texture.
With eyes to see \ve are thankful for winter; but more thankful
are we when nature clothes the barrenness of death with the
new life of springtide, in its myriad forms. The Country in
Summer for us ! The Country in summer for tourists and
sportsmen !

The Country in Summer ! Yes. Miles of it ! Days of it I
By rail you may travel 548 miles without turning, not to speak
of the branch lines. In a Pullman car you can ride to the
haunts of the deer and the play-grounds of the silvery salmon.
Let others speak of the flash and the strike. The Country is given
to me, the Country in Summer.

The Interior has its attractions; but they excel in the littoral.
Give me the Country in Summer hard by the sea. Just watch
the moods of old Neptune. It is a study in Nature of which
we can never grow tired. To-day he is resting. With fond and
gentle caress he is stroking the sand of the bench. An ever-
changing light brightens his face. As clouds flit across the sky,
smiles and frowns are mingled by the uncertain winds. Yester-

day was grand. The mighty billows rolled in upon the shore
and dashed themselves into spray against the rocks of adamant.
We are thankful for these rocks that set the bounds of the ocean.
But for these, ages ago Neptune would have gradually swallowed
this most ancient Colony ; and we would have had no Country
in Summer. Yet we must give honor to whom honor is due.
Neptune does much for the prosperity of our Country in Sum-
mer. He sends up the sea trout and salmon. He covers the
ice-floes in spring with the seals, and he rears the whale and
the cod and the herring. He brings all our imports without
grudging, and now in ever increasing numbers bears on his
bosom the tourist, to rejoice in the Country in Summer.

Nature is mindful of those that go to the Country in Summer.
As they wander in her labyrinths, amid the shrub and the bush,
by the stream and the pond, o'er the hill and the bog, they find
in their season delicious fruits. Berries abound. Strawberries
and raspberries, squashberries and gooseberries, cranberries and
blueberries, wild currant and bake-apples, — these are some of
the small fruit. Wild flowers luxuriate. The rose is empress
on land, and the white water-lily is queen of the ponds.

The Country in Summer is sweet with the breath of the
Northern Atlantic. While millions are languishing southward,
the shores of Newfoundland are cool with the breezes of Nep-
tune. Elsewhere the air is enervating, but natives and tourists
alike enjoy the tonic of our bracing atmosphere. The depleted
oxygen that comes to us from the west is vitalized before it

SUMMER ALONG THE RAILWAY LINE.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

reaches our sea-girt isle. The pale victim of languor awakes to
find himself alive once more, and his dull eye sparkles with the
ozone of reinvigorated life.

The Country in Summer 1 No words can paint the picture.
The Divine Artist dips His brush in the hues of sunset; and,
with touches inimitable. He spreads a glory sublime over land
and water and firmament. Thousands of photographs and
magazine " cuts1' without number have made the beauties of
Newfoundland admired by millions. The coastal steamers
' afford an unrivaled opportunity to see kaleidoscopic beauty in
this wondrous scenery of Nature's handiwork. The railway
comes within easy reach of loveliness sufficient for any one man ;
and he can sit and rest amid the charms of the Country in
Summer. Let him choose some coign of vantage and, with
open heart as well as eye, await the marvels of declining day.
The resplendent hues of sunset cast their glory over the majestic

SUMMKR AT SALMONIKR RIVER.

art of the Creator. The magnificence of earth exalts our
thoughts to the Golden Gate of the western sky ; and through it
we behold in spirit some faint gleams of that " undiscovered
country from whose bourne no traveler returns." That vision
is nearer Him from whom all beauty comes. Unimaginable is
His loveliness Whose hand has lent such beauty to His works
on earth. Yet, listen ! He imparts that beauty to the soul that
in love gazes upward towards His Throne. As our character
possesses that life we can appreciate the loveliness of earth ; and
at last we shall be satisfied when our eyes " shall see the King
,in His beauty and behold a land that reacheth afar."
" Here would we end our quest ;

Alone are found in Thee
The life of perfect love, the rest

Of immortality."

(REV.) A. W. LEWIS.
St. Andrew's Manse, Harbor Grace.

Wcaitb or Eabrador.

LABRADOR covers a larger area than France and Germany
combined and is intersected by so many streams that it is pos-
sible to travel by canoe in any direction. On the southern
watershed the forest growth of spruce and larch is luxuriant
with trees of marketable size— virgin forests that await the
woodman's axe. Here lies a great wealth of material for paper
mills. The mineral wealth is considerable. Silver-bearing lead
ore— galena— occurs in many areas, while, auriferous vein's and

placer beds have been discovered at accessible points along
navigable rivers not over a hundred miles from the sea. The furs
of Labrador are a source of wealth which exclusive commercial
corporations have assiduously kept concealed that they might
enjoy the rch monopoly. The ocean shores and inland waters
contain supplies for large cod and salmon fisheries and not a
single night need be spent at sea along its coast, for a safe
harbor can be made in ten miles anywhere from Belle Isle to
Cape Chidley. — U. S. Consular Report.

* Cimcricks, *

In (hcsc Prosaic Daps and about tbis Season.

By Eros Wayback.

MARY had a little lamb,

With some green peas, you know.

And afterwards some bread and jamb,
A platterfull, or so.

By the ensuing species of rhyme

A youth to Parnassus would chlyme;

Straflge. his orthography,

Somewhat like his chirography
But, hush, he's a bard of the thyme !

There was a young lady of mark

Tried to sing like the blithesome skylark.

One very high note

Just stuck in her throat,
Then her spirit flew up like a spark.

Having slipped thro' the "Gates just ajar."
Where she thought she might shine as a star,

And believed her rendition

Of song, an addition
Would prove 'midst the music afar.

So she joined in the celestial choir,
Where she did as a leader asphoir,

But was promptly expelled,

For the angels rebelled.
Said, with laughter they'd surely exphoir.

Then she'dropped with the shades down in hades.
As, " Facilis decensus" the grade is,

The Chief said he'd be hanged,

As well as being danged,
If he'd keep open hall for such ladies.

However absurd it would seem,
This unmusical person did deem

Her voice would just gall ye.

Just like a " Come all ye,"
So, she elsewhere was ordered to scream.

When from heaven and hades she'd flown
\\ ith a chunk who was likewise down thrown,

They were caught in a bliz/ard

By " Menlo's famed wizard,
And deftly run into his "phone."

A DRUG CLKRK afflicted with ennui.
Once filled a presciiption the wrennui;

Poor, innocent lamb,

Thought "g. r. meant gramb,
Which, isn't correct, by a lennui.

In haste to the home of the buyer

Went the clerk on Reid's " Limited Fluyer,"

Found the flask on a table,

Pasted on a new lable,
Hoping thus to escape the law's uyer.

The coroner, who was a colonel,

Said the deed was just something inferonel,

That the poor man had died

From taking inside,
A medicene labelled " Extolonel."

The drug clerk has since gone insane
From having " g. r." on the brane,

And loudly doth scream,

" Grammes are not what they seam,"
And thus endeth this tale of the grane.

Another young chemistry tough,
Whilst mixing a compounded stough,

Dropped a match in the vial, —

And, after a while,
Was found his front teeth, — and a cough.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

TO EACH OF

Our Absent Friends!

A Souvenir of the Old Home Land.

We have something appropriate for each of them.

Headquarters for Books, Photographs, Post Cards, Albums, and all
Literature relating to Newfoundland.

Newfoundland— " The Norway of the New World," an exceedingly Hand-
some Album, containing over loo views of our choicest scenes in
Newfoundland and Labrador, 40 cts.

Newfoundland Illustrated.— An Album of 63 views of Newfoundland and
Labiador scenes, beautifully finished in tints, 40 cts.

Pictorial Post Cards of every object of interest in City and Outports,
complete set of 30 for 50 cts., or 20 cts. dozen Cards.

Through Newfoundland with a Camera, by the late Mr. Holloway, 32.00,—
the best Book of Newfoundland Views ever published — a book you
would be delighted to send and your friends to receive.

DICKS & CO.

They will wear out

That's one point " Walk-Over "
shoes have in common with all
other makes* They will wear
out* But they won't give out
while wearing out* <£ That's
worth considering —

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j» SOLE AGENT.

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ST. JOHN'S, NEWFOUNDLAND.

.... AGENTS FOR ....

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Nova Scotia Steel & Coal Co.,

Wabana Iron Mines, Bell Island, Newfoundland,
Scotia Line of Steamers — from Montreal via Gulf Ports.

The Grocers' Depot!

Headquarters for Fruit, Vegetables, and Feeds.
Choice Stock of Fresh Cured Hams
always in stock.

George Meal.

M.&E. Kennedy

Contractors & Builders.

Dealers in Pressed and Stock Brick, Selenite, Plaster, Sand,
Drain Pipes, Cement, Chimney Tops, &c.

iCyAll orders in the Carpentry, Masonry, and all classes
of work in the Building Business, promptly attended to.
OFFICE AND RESIDENCE:

38 Henry Street, ^ St. John's, Nfld.

The Old-Established and Weil-Known Wheelwright factory of

S. G. COLLIER,

WALDEGRAVE STREET,

LJ AS every facility for the manufacture and repair of Carriages, Sleighs,
• ' Carts, and Vehicles of every description. A power plant of the
Finest Type of Modern Machinery gives us unequalled facilities for turning
out the best work. Vehicles of every description repaired on time ; no
delays. Rubber Tyres adjusted at a moment's notice.

•^"UNDERTAKING A SPECIALTY.

CARD.

JOHN COWAN.

Having some spare time can undertake work as

Consulting Accountant, *

« Auditor and Arbitrator,

and will ensure satisfaction.

120-122 Water Street.

P. O. Box 892. Telephone 24.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

s. s. "ROSALIND" — RED CROSS LINE.

•

SAILING BETWEEN

CAPT. CLARKE.

New York, Halifax, N. S., and St. John's, IM. F.

For a short vacation, the round trip
by one of these steamers is hard to
beat, and is cheap enough to suit the
most modest purse.

AGENTS:

HARVKY & Co.,. and BOWRING BROS., LTD., St. John's, N.F.

G. S. CAMPBELL & Co., Halifax, N. S.
BOWRING & Co., 17 State Street, New York.

UP-TO-DATE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION.

Rates — To New York, Single. .. .$34.00; Return. .. .$60.00; Steerage. .. .$13.00; Return. .. .$26.00
-. " Halifax, " .... 18.00; .... 34.00; " .... 6.00;

I2.OO

FREIGHT CARRIED AT THROUGH

TO ALL POINTS.

CAPT. FARRELL.

S. S. " SILVIA" RED CROSS LINE.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

WM. MACGREGOR
Governor.

PROCLAMATION

By His Excellency Sir WILLIAM MACGREGOR,
Doctor of Medicine, Knight Commander of
the Most Distinguished Order of Saint
Michael and Saint George, Companion of
the Most Honourable Order of the Bath,
[L.S.] Governor and Commander-in-Cliicf, in and

over the Island of Newfoundland and its
Dependencies.

\Jk/HEREAS it is provided by Chapter 23 of 2 Edward VIL,
V'' entitled "An Act to amend the Post Office Act. 1891,"
that upon the recommendation of the Board appointed under the
provisions of the said Act, the Governor in Council shall by
Proclamation give notice of any alteration of name, naming or
re-naming of places within this Colony, provided that Public
Notice of such proposed alteration of name, naming, or re-nam-
ing-of places shall have been given for Three Months previous;
And whereas by Public Notice, of date the 6th day of March,
1906, certain alterations of name and re-naming of places within
this Colony were notified, as required by the above-mentioned
Act;

I do, therefore, by this my Proclamation, order and direct
that the alterations of name and re-naming of places within this
Colony, as contained in the said Public Notice of the 6th of
March. 1906, shall come into effect from the date of these
presents, that is to say : —

1. Ragged Harbour, District of Trinity, to be renamed
" Meirose";

2. Western Arnij Rocky Bay, District of Fogo, to be re-named
" Carmanville" ;

3. Grand River Gut, Codroy Valley, District of St. George,
to be re-named " Searston" ;

4. Flat Islands, District . of Bonavista, to be re-named
" Samson";

5. Spaniard's Bay, District of Trinity, to be re-named
;l Spaniard's Cove";

6. Fox Island, Bay d' Espoir, District of Fortune, to be re-
named " Isle Galet" ;

7. Cat's Cove, Conception Bay, District of Harbour Main,
to be re-named " Avondale North";

8. Middle Bight, District of Harbour Main, to be re-named
" Codner";

9. Crabb's, District of St. George, to be re-named " Crabbe's."
Given under my Hand and Seal, at the Government House,

St. John's, this i8th day of June, A.D., 1906.
By His Excellency's Command,

ARTHUR MEWS,

Deputy Colonial Secretary.

M. W. FURLONG, A'.C. J. M. KENT, K.C.

FURLONG & KENT,

BARRISTERS and SOLICITORS.

DUCKWORTH STREET, ST. JOHN'S.

CABLE ADDRESS: W. A. SLAT.

W. A. SLATTERY,

Wholesale Dry Goods.

---- SPECIALTY OF ____

Cotton and Wool Tents,

Remnants and Seconds.

NA/A RE ROOMS:

Seaman's Home Building,

Duckworth Street, St. John's, IM.F.

JOB BROMRS & Co.,

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

°^ ^r't'-s'1 ar|d American Goods of every
description— Wholesale and Retail.

of Codfish, Codoil, Codliver Oil, Seal Oil,
Lobsters, Furs, and general produce.

All orders for same promptly filled at very lowest rates.

J.V.O'DEA&Co.

WHOLESALE.

flour, Provisions and feed.

ST. JOHN'S.

JOHN KEAN,

ADELAIDE STREET.

Boots and Shoes

Made o? Best Waterproof Leather.
iH

Seal Skins a Specialty*

«@~Outport Orders Solicited.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Just as Well

To see the Best that Fashion
and Good Workmanship can
produce, if you are out for
your Summer Suit.

We will have pleasure
in showing you through
our Stock of Goods* «£

W. P. SHORTALL,

The American Tailor,

3OO Water Street.

Vienna Bakery Bread.

Housekeepers should insist upon getting

Vienna Bakery Bread, <£

«$ Better than Home-Made*

Ask your Grocer for it. Each loaf labelled.

Manning's Drug Store,

148 & 150 New Gower Street.

Only Drug Store in the City

OPEN ^ EVERY ^ NIGHT
TILL U O'CLOCK.

There is onl^oncBOVRIL

The supplies of raw material for BOVRIL,
come from the free open pastures of Australia and
the River Plate. They are analyzed and blendid in
the Company's premises, Old Street, London, where
no portion of the material is once touched by hand
throughout the whole course of preparation.

The premises have been frequently visited by
many Doctors, including some of the most promin-
ent men of the profession, who have complimented
the Managers on the cleanliness of all operations, as
well as on the sanitary conditions prevailing, and
the healthy appearance of all the factory people.

T. J. EDENS,

Agent for Newfoundland.

J. J. O'GRADY,

Painter, Glazier,
Paper Hanger,

Re Place to Get a Suit of Clothes

Made to Order, or Keadymade, is

We keep in stock English, Scotch and Canadian goods.
Also, Shirts, Ties, Caps, Braces, etc. jt jt £t

L J. MALONE, ,« Tailor and furnisher,

268 Water Street.

and
House Decorator.

5^=OUTPORT ORDERS
SOLICITED.

WORKSHOP: 15 QUEEN STREET,

ST. JOHN'S, N. F.

H. M. Customs,

%1/HEREAS it is provided in Section Twelve of "The
Revenue Act, 1905," that: —

And whereas the Kingdom of Greece has agreed to reduce
the duty on Codfish imported from this Colony into the said
Kingdom ;

Of which all persons concerned are hereby required to take
due notice and govern themselves accordingly.

Given under my Hand and Seal, at the Government House,
Saint John's, this 3rd day of October, A.D. 1905.
By His Excellency's Command,

ARTHUR MEWS,

Deputy Colonial Secretary.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Che introduction or ncio Game s tuna Countries.

Judge Prowse, LL.D.

IN the great natural history of our day, the " Voyage of the Millais, author of
Beagle," Darwin describes in a most interesting way how
nature has provided the Islands of the Pacific with its fauna,
and flora. Modern man is not contented with those slow old
methods of mother Nature, he designs to play the part of special
Providence himself, and to provide by artificial means new birds,
beasts, and plants especially for Islands.

The most remarkable of all these various experiments was the
introduction of English trout into New Zealand. To carry alive
16,000 milles through the tropics such delicate things as trout
eggs seemed impossible, but Frank Buckland, and his fellow
enthusiasts were not daunted by their first failures. They per-
severed and finally succeeded. This small box of eggs has done
more to make the beautiful Island of the Antipodes attractive to
tourists than even her famous hot springs, her labour laws, or
her socialistic experiments. ' The trout are specially lusty, and
have turned the Island's barren streams into a veritable angler's
paradise.

Another venture of this kind which had a similarly wonderful
effect was the introduction, some thirty years ago, of the varying
hare into Newfoundland. The Hon. Stephen Rendell procured
about half a dozen of those animals from Nova Scotia, and to-
day they are in prodigious numbers all over the Island. Darwin
says that in a general way insular types are infeiior to the
continental ones. In this Colony the rule is quite the reverse.
This poor little hare which furnishes scanty food for the wan-
dering Indians, and the Hudson Bay Company's dappers all
over the sub Arctic region and the barren groui.ds, has Lecoine
in our Island large and plump.

Its introduction has been of enormous advantage to the New-
foundland fisherman, giving them abundance of splenoid food
and lucrative employment in the winter, catching them for
market.

This varying hare, (the blue hare of Scotland) is so prodigi-
ously plentiful that it is often a drug in the local niaikets at
twenty cents a pair. A story is told of an economical Major of
Engineers, (a bachelor). He used to declare that a hare roast
was splendid, next day it could be jugged, and the remains
made a splendid soup.

Many English naturalists have made the mistake of confus-
ing this hare with " Lepus Glacialis," the Arctic or Polar hare.
They are quite distinct. The Arctic hare is much larger and
different, both in colour and its habits. It is indigenous to
Newfoundland. In summer it has a beautiful coat of silvery
grey, turning into dead chalk white in winter, with black spots
on each ear. Whilst the varying hare seldom weighs more than
seven or nine pounds his Arctic congener tips the scales at
twelve and sometimes fifteen pounds. Two most interesting
experiments are now being carried out in Newfoundland. One,
the introduction of the P'.lk, known all over America as the
"moose" is actually in operation. Many years ago a pair were
introduced. Unfortunately the bull moose was either killed or
died from an accident ; the cow survived and was seen alive
not long ago. There were rumours that she had mated with the
native caribou, and that some extraordinary progeny of this
union had been produced. Naturalists will view those stories
with suspicion, and there is re.illy no foundation for the rumour.
Last year three more moose were procured arid Itt loose. J. G.

The Mammalia of Great Britain and Ireland"
suggested that they should be placed in the wooded region of
the Gander River. Curiously enough it was in those extensive
woodlands that they were found a few weeks ago. They were
strong and fat and the bull had grown immensely. This success
has encouraged the Newfoundland Government to proceed with
the experiment on a larger scale, until a herd of twenty is pro-
cured, fifteen cows and five bulls. They will be protected by
law for at least ten years. The vast interior of Newfoundland,
larger than Ireland, and wholly uninhabited will form an ideal
home for these splendid animals. As moose meat is the finest of
venison, and the animal in its full growth stands higher than a
horse, and is as large as a bullock, besides being an attraction
for sportsmen, it will furnish abundant food for the people.

One more project which is warmly supported by our Gover-
nor, Sir William MacGregor, and the Premier, Sir Robert Bond,
is the introduction of the tame Lapland reindeer into Labrador
and the North Eastern Newfoundland. This will be watched
by the naturalist of the world with the keenest interest.

HIS EXCELLENCY SIR WILLIAM MACGREGOR, K.C.M.G.

Sir William, who is a very able man, distinguished for the
leading part he has taken in the study of tropical medicine, goes
thoroughly into this subject in his report on the Labrador.

At present in both Labrador and North Eastern Newfound-
land numbers of savage dogs are kept for winter sledge driving.
Those beasts are so voracious that they have been known to kill
and eat poor women, and children. No domestic animals can
be kept where they exist. They prevent the Newfoundlanders
from keeping sheep. If their place could be taken by the tame
Lipland reindeer the whole condition of the poor Eskimos and

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

settlers on Labrador would be (Materially changed. Instead of
fierce canines they would possess a domestic animal, good for
food, and warm clothing, and the best possible means of com-
munication during winter, in those desolate Arctic regions.

All European and American naturalists are agreed that the
wild caribou of Labrador, Newfoundland, Alaska, and the
American Arctic regions is precisely the same animal as the
Lapland reindeer, and feeds on the same food. Where the wild
animal can live the domesticated reindeer can also exist.

As an illustration of the absolute practicability of this project
Sir William MacGregor gives the experience of the Americans
in introducing the Lapland reindeer into Alaska. One point is
of great importance, they stand the voyage well, and as they are
in herds of thousands their first cost is very reasonable.

The Lapland reindeer, after centuries of training, is as tame
and obedient to man as the horse or dog. It lias been suggested
that they might be crossed by the wild caribou, a larger and
stronger animal. We think, however, 'hat it would be wiser to
keep to the domesticated; the wild strain would be sure to
break out in the cross breeds.

CARIBOU SHOOTING IN NEWFOUNDLAND;

In 1891 the question of the introduction of reindeer into
Alaska was raised by Dr. Sheldon Jackson. The Esquimaux
were threatened by extinction from want of food. White men
had .driven away the game, or destroyed it. and had depleted
the salmon fishery by netting the rivers. It was found that the
residents of Eastern Siberia derived their subsistence chiefly
from the reindeer, even to a greater extent than do the Laps.
It was therefore deemed desirable that the reindeer should be
introduced for the use of the Alaskan Esquimaux. Congress
having refused to grant an appropriation for that purpose in
1891, $2,146 was raised by private subscription for the purchase
of reindeer. With this sum 187 deer were brought from Siberia,
with regular herdsmen, to whom a certain number of Alaskan
Esquimaux were apprenticed as herdsmen and teamsters. From
1892 to 1904, 1,280 deer were imported from Eastern Siberia
to Alaska, and in 1904 the total number of fawns surviving was
10,267. I" the official report of the Commissioner for Educa-
tion, published 1905, it is stated : " It is perfectly safe to pre-
dict from the inspection of the annual per cent, of increase, the
doubling of the here every three years. All the female deer are
preserved. The males are used as food, or trained to harness.
Allotments of fifty dee- are made to those natives that under-

went apprenticeship. Seven Lap families, on account of being
more civilized than Siberians, were in 1894 employed th take
charge of the Siberian deer in Alaska, and to teach the Esqui-
maux. Between December ist, 1899, and May 3ist, 1900, the
United States ran a mail by reindeer, under contract, three
round trips from St. Michael, at about 63° 3' N., across the
Seward Peninsula to Kotsebue, which is inside of the Arctic
circle, about 66° 50' North. Each round trip of 1,240 miles
was successfully accomplished through an unbroken wilderness
without a road or trail. Several relief expeditions to the far
North have been successfully carried out by United States
Officers in Alaska by means of reindeer, when such expeditions
would have been impossible by any other means. A contract
has lately been entered into to carry a regular winter mail over
the 650 miles from Kotzebue to Barrow, th" most northerly
point of Alaska, about 71° 20' N. It is said that on these
journeys, " when used in relays fifty miles apart, reindeer can
transport the mails at the rate of two hundred miles a day."

That both Newfoundland and Labrador are well adapted for
the reindeer is shown by the fact that the wild caribou thrive in
both countries. Millais, the great naturalist declares that the
very superior quality of the Newfoundland caribou is owing to
the splendid food he obtains in the insular moors and marshes.

In this matter we have the expeiience of the United States
for our guide and can profit by their experience.

In 1898 the United States Government imported from Lap-
land 538 head of choice reindeer trained to harness, 418 sleds,
and 411 sets of harness, a few herding dogs, and 50 drivers,
some of whom had families, making in all 1 13 emigrants. These
Lapland deer were not for breeding purposes, but only for har-
ness. More than half of them died of starvation after reaching
Alaska, as moss had not been provided for them. From 1894
to 1903, Congress has appropriated no less than $158,000 for
the introduction into Alaska of domestic reindeer from Siberia.
It has been found that " with careful training the Eskimo make
excellent herders." It is thought that in 35 years there may be
35,000,000 reindeer into Alaska, with an export of 500,000 car-
casses a year. The deer purchased in Siberia from the Chun-
chus cost §400, from the Tunguse $7.50, a head. It is stated
by Mr. Gilbert H. Grosvenor that '• the tame reindeer of
Siberia was practically the same animal as the wild caribou of
Alaska, changed by being domesticated for centuries." This
corresponds with the general view of English zoologists, that
there is but a single species of reindeer, but presenting local
peculiarities. It appears that the Alaskan deer is not equal to
the Lapland deer in strength or speed. A pair of the latter can
pull a load of 500 or 700 Ibs. at the rate of 35 miles a day, and
keep that up for weeks at a time. Mr. Armstrong states that
a single deer can draw 600 Ibs. on a sled, 30, 50. and even 90
miles a day. It is said the Lapland deer can in point of .--peed
do 150 to 200 miles a day, and sometimes 20 to 25 miles down
hill an hour. The Alaskan reindeer expiess has been driven at
the rate of 95 miles a day. Reindeer can travel as well at night
as in daylight. In Siberia a caravan of 160 sleds is mananaged
by ten men. In summer a reindeer can cairy as a fair load a
pack of 150 Ibs. A good deer can easily carry a fair sized man.

The experiment of transporting the Lapland reindeer to
Labrador will be watched with great interest all over the world.

If successful, and there is no reason why it should not be so,
it will help to solve one of the problems of Arctic exploration.
As the wild caribou at the present time extends as high as 80
north latitude where the wild animal finds food, the Lapland
deer can also live. In every respect they are vastly superior to
dogs for Arctic travelling.

The introduction of new game is a very interesting subject,
and presents all kinds of possibilites, such for instance as the
crossing of the Scotch grouse with the hardier and stronger
Newfoundland willow grouse, as a presentive of grouse disease.
The Colonial Government encouraged by the successful intro-
duction of the varying hare, and the moose, are now proposing
to introduce the spruce partridge indigenous in Canada and the
Labrador, and also to naturalize the American woodcock. Snipes
of all kinds are already numerous, but cock has only been found
occasionally on the West Coast of the Island, as a rare visitor.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

By a

rjTWILLINGATE, the metropolis of the North, is 180 miles
v I \ from St. John's and the second largest outport on the
Atlantic side of the Island, with a population of 3.600.
The town is built on two islands— North and South — connected
at the head of the harbor by a long wooden bridge, soon to be
replaced by a modernly constructed iron bridge, which will
span the canal — "Shoal Tickle." The harbor is of bold and
s»fe entrance, with an inlet, from headlands, of over two miles
by about one-eight of a mile wide. It is open to the north-east,
somewhat exposed, which gives strangers, who cast anchor
within its boundaries, the impression that it is unsafe for shipping ;
but the vessels of the place, being provided with good "ground
tackling," " ride out" equinoctial gales as well as the craft of

Native.

the adjacent coves, and can be caught all the year round.
Caplin strike in abundance in June and swarm until August,
when squid make their appearance. During the early autumn
herring lay in the offings where "drift net" fishing might be
carried on successfully. The District of Twillingate is the
we.ilthr-st in the Colony. Mining and lumbering are peculiarly
industries of this bay. Very little mineral is exported from the
t olony th it is not mined in Notre Dame Hay. Lumber, both
for foreign and local markets, is mostly cut at our mills, and even
the se.il fishery is a product of the waters of Notre Dame. The
District affords charming scenery to delight the traveller, our
rivers supply fish for tourists, and our forests pleasure and
g.itne for the •• sportsman." Twillingate is believed to possess
much mineral wealth, although, so far, no extensive mining has
b-jen djne, for tlu Kick of capital by those who have hitherto

RT. HON. SIR ROBKRT BOND, P.C., K.C.M.G.. I.L D.,

Premier and Colonial Secretary. Member for Twillingate District.

many other seaports which are landlocked and considered safe.
The long indraught, with a regular depth of water, and good
" holding ground" is Twillingate's guarantee for the safety of her
vessels, which, after the season's work is over, ride at anchor
during the storms of December and January; after the isth of
the latter month "Jack Frost" closes navigation which keeps the
harbor frozen until the last of M irch. Twi'lingate ranks among
the first in the prosecution of the •' back bone" industry of the
Colony, having over seventy large fishing vessels, besides a
number of smaller craft that go to the Treaty coast a fishing.
The larger vessels proceed to Labrador about the first of July,
penetrating to the northernmost haunts of the festive cod. All
our Labrador fishermen are " floaters," and it seems to have
been left to them to go farther North than any others, and there
are many places on Labrador named after residents of Twillii -
gate because of the fact that they were first upon the ground.
Twillingate is peculiarly a baiting centre. Herring spawn in

HON. JAMES AUGUSTUS CLIFT, K.C.,

Minister of Agriculture a:>J Mines. Member for Twillingate District.

held locations under lease. Long Point gives promise of a
copper mine of a very rich quality. The excavating force is
anxiously awaited. Burnt Island shows a good vein of grey
copper, accompanied by a lode of arsenical iron carrying a
percentage of gold. In fact in various parts of North and
South Islands there are encouraging indications of mineral, and
the slowness of developing capital can only be accounted for
upon the grounds of other failures in other parts of the colony,
consequent upon impatience, and the bad faith of those inexpert
miners who have " tinkered" in various places.

Our excellent carriage roads, of which we have about forty
miles, are kept clean, made of whitish-brown gravel mixed with
lime stone which bake to the hardness and smoothness of con-
crete giving entire satisfaction to cyclists, and even young begin-
ners can spin their wheels without fear of dashing against a stone.

The fir>t •' seilltrs" pitched their tents here very shortly after
the discovery of Newfoundland by Cabot, and the reminiscences
of those days, as recorded in the various diaries of the "good
old times," are interesting and amusing. There are six churches,
the Methodist three (Sowthside, Northside, and Little Harbor);

GEORGE ROBERTS, ESQ.,
Editor " IVillingatj Sun." Member for Twillingate District.

the Church of England two (St. Peter's and St. Andrew's —
north and south), and Congregationalists one. The first clergy-
men .to break the Bread of Life in Twillingate was Rev. John
Chapman of the Church of England. The present incumbent
is Rev. A. B. S. Stirling, who fearlessly preaches the Word with
much appreciation. The first Methodist Minister was Rev.
William Marshall, whose ashes lie beneath the sod in Southside
Cemetery side by side with those of the beloved Rev. Z. Frazer,
of recent years, awaiting the resurrection call. Mr. Marshall
enkindled a flame of reciprocal love, that has ever kept burning,

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

which is manifested in the planted roses that were kept bloonv
ing year after year, until her death, by the late Mrs. Joseph
Pearce — and since then by others. After the present Conference
the Rev. J. K. Curtis, B.A., will enter the Methodist Superin-
tendency of the Circuit with promise of deep affection and gen-
eral regard. The Congregationalists are few in number; having
no minister their church has not been opened for years. Last,
but not least, the Salvat'on Army have a very creditable Bar-
racks and a number of live soldiers. There are eight schools,
two of which are Superior or " High Schools" — one Methodist)
the other Church of England. We have also a Masonic Temple,
and a Town Hall, a Postal Telegraph Office, a fine Court House
and Custom House to adorn the place. At the enterance of the
harbor we have a fine Light House, which flashes its revolving
beacon many miles to sea, guiding the tern pest- tossed mariner
to a haven of refuge. The Court House is less employed of all
the public buildings, because the citizens are law abiding and
not of a criminal colour. The town has given birth to some of
the best specimens of humanity, many of whom have gone to
Canada and the United States and flourish in the trades of their
choice and live a credit to their native home. There are four
large mercantile firms and sixteen other places of business.
Though the train does not run into the town, yet we are con-
nected by the bay steamer Clyde, and it is only a twenty-four
hour journey from St. John's to this port. It is also a port of
call for our magnificent coastal boat the s.s. Portia.

Twillingate suffered severely by the bank crash of 1894
when many of its inhabitants, who were then well provided for,
were left penniless. It has now recovered to bless the
memory, and support of those whose legislative ability
has opened up the country, creating avenues of employ-
ment that make the labouring classes independent and the
commercial system healthy. As a health resort it would be
hard to find a better place than Twillingate for the land is slop-
ing, the air is pure and bracing both from the land and the sea.
The town is most quiet, being under the Local Option Law there
are no carousals by day or by night.

Twillingate has always been fortunate in its representatives,
and has nearly always'had one of its members a Cabinet Minis-
ter. At present it boasts of having the strongest team for many
years, viz.: The Premier — Right Hon. Sir Robert Bond, P.C.,
K.C.M.G., LL.D., Hon. J. A. Clift, K.C., Minister of Agricul-
ture and Mines, and Geo. Roberts, Esq., Editor of the weekly
Twillingate Sun.

TWILLINGATE HARBOR.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Sailing on Summer Seas.

Vacation Crip on notrc Dame Bap.

By W. /.

" OH pleasant breast of waters, quiet bay,

***»*«

It grows upon me now, — the semi-circle
Of dark blue waters and the narrow1 fringe
Of curving beach."

Tennyson — " Lovers Talc."

WHEN the jaded citizen, who is tied to his desk or counting
house for the greatei portion of the year, becomes a
victim to the spring-fet, he is fortunate, if he can get the
antidote : — viz., a " few days off." It is interesting to note then
how he disposes of his vacation. Some find " pleasure in the
pathless woods," others love " the deep sea and the music in its
roar." So it is that one class finds " sermons in stones and

H. j.

General Merchant.

EARLE, ESQ.,
Member for Fogo District.

books in running brooks;" and when they are face to face
with nature in the wilderness, are nearest to Nature's God.
Another class sighs for a " life on the ocean wave and a home
on the bounding deep." Each class derives the highest benefit,
rude health, renewed vitality, and fresh energy in following its
bent. But there is another class who, while they like the woods
and the wilderness, dislike the heat and the tramp and the
fatigue and the flies ; and they love the sea, but the bounding
billows made them sick. No place in the world can all tastes
be suited better than in our Island home. A seeker for a
pleasant vacation can have his choice for the asking. But for
those who like the woods and the sea, without their drawbacks,
there is nothing to compare with a trip round one of the large
bays in the little Bay Steamer. The holiday seeker, on pleasure
bent, who wants pleasant sailing, without ma I tie mer\ beautiful

and ever-changing scenery, wood, fell, island and lake, could
not suit his tastes better anywhere than by taking a trip round
beautiful Notre Dame Bay. Here is the ideal place to pass a
summer day. Reclining on a deck chair on the quarter of the
good ship Clyde, as she threads her way through islands, inlets
and estuaries, the jaded city man may well say with the poet:

" Nothing is lost on him who sees

With an eye that feeling gave;
For him there's a story on every bree/e,

And a picture in every wave."

And if he gets pleasant weather, as he is almost sure to get in
mid-summer, he will note the —

" Brown foliage of the green hill's grove,
Nodding * * o'er the calm bay's breast,
As winds come whispering lightly from the west,

Kissing, not ruffling, thfi blue deep's serene."

For sailing purposes Notre Dame Bay is practically an inland
sea, while the runs through the various islands make it most en-
joyable for those who in rougher waters are subject to sea-sick-
ness. In addition to the pleasures derived from riding peacefully
on the calm sunlit waters, " sailing on summer seas," there is an
infinite, an ever-varying panorama unfolded before the grateful
eye. In many places like Dilclo Run and Pilley's Island Run
you may sail through deep narrow passes upon water
smooth as oil, with land on either hand near enough to toss a
biscuit on terra firma. The beauty and variety of the scenery
beggars description. Now you are running along under lofty
evergreen hills; anon you nre in a labyrinthine archipelago with
no apparent outlet ; in a few minutes your yacht takes a sudden
turn just as you think she is going to dash on the islet ahead of
you, that forms a veritable cut de sac, and comes gently into a
large inland lake whose placid waters are scarcely ruffled by the
rudest winds that blow. Over a small island apparently in mid
channel you perceive a schooner's mast rising as it were out of
the rock : and find a little cup-like harbour cut out of the solid
earth ; on its margin a comfortable little cottage and outhouses,
and moored nearly up against the front door is the little schooner
riding snugly and securely. It is just the place where the
amateur photographer would be in his glory. He could get
here for his album some of the prettiest bits of scenery in New-
foundland. When the traveller is tired of idling and seeks
something with human interest to divert him ; he has a dozen
ports of call. Tilt Cove, the great mining town, would bean eye-
opener for thousands of Newfoundlanders. Very few realize
what a thriving little town is this, with its forbidding looking
cliffs towering over the entrance. You sail near and you see
nothing but a large pier, with more than likely a large iron
tramp freight ship lying alongside. You land on the pier won-
dering where the town is, and you walk up a little, and suddenly
bursts on your vision a basin surrounded by high hills, with a
lake about the size of Kenny's Pond, shining like a diamond in
its rich setting, and around this miniature lake, at the base of
•the surrounding hills, are laid out the neat, well-kept houses of
the residents, — their well-kept appearance denoting comfort and
even luxury. Just beyond rises the tram-way which ascends a
few hundred yards over the hill to the mouth of the mine. Up
and down are going and returning the cars laden and unladen,

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Here's a car heavily laden with the richest copper ore in Am-
erica. It is coining over the tramway to be dumped aboard the
freighter at the pier. The loaded car coming down draws the
empty one to the top of the incline, which in turn is displaced
by a loaded van, and so the endless procession goes on from
daylight till dark. A glimpse of the interior of the mine would
be worth the trip, and would do more to give one an idea of the
wealth and extent of Tilt Cove than acres of description. Then
there is Botwoodville with its magnificent lumber mill, and its
well-built, comfortable little town, where the streets are paved
with sawdust, and they are blissfully ignorant of mud and
gutter and their consequent evils. Nipper's Harbour has wild,
rugged scenery, and two of the prettiest little cascades in the
island. Little Bay is another pretty little mining town, but alas,
its glory has departed. It has been scourged by fire, and the
last remnant of its prosperity has been swept away. But its in-
habitants have invincible faith in its future. Experienced
miners say that some day Little Bay will surprise everyone with
its copper output, They believe that the day is not far distant
when its mines will be again in full swing and its yield will
exceed that of its palmiest days. 'Send that it soon may come.
Its people are kindly and hospitable, and whoever enjoys the
hospitality of Little Bay gets bitten with the fever and longs,
with its warm-hearted people, that the dawn of better days be
not long delayed. Cruising around the bay you come to the
prettiest little hamlets imaginable, — just the kind of places that a
journalist would copy for show-plates for his Christmas or
Souvenir number. Exploits, New Bay, Badger Bay, Cottle's
Cove, Triton, Three Arms, N. W. Arm, and so forth, are all
charming little hamlets; some busy fishing villages, other lum-
bering, and still other agricultural. Then the very best is left
for the last. While the scenery around the bay is most enjoy-
able in its beauty and variety, one needs to go to the bottoms
of the bays to realize what really gorgeous scenery Newfound-

land can produce. Hall's Bay, for example, with its long
indraught — a bay within a bay ; its deep waters and well wooded
shore line. Away up in the bottom is the magnificent Indian
Brook, the home of the salmon and sea trout. Here the sports-
man would realize what is meant by the phrase " the Sportsman's
Paradise." The same is true, in a measure, of New Bay, Badger
Bay, and the wonderful and beautiful Bay of Exploits. Twil-
ilngate, Fogo, and so forth, are too well known for extended
description, but will well repay a visit.

To pass two or three weeks of the summer vacation, nowhere
are the attractions greater than Notre Dame Bay. If no other
means were at hand, a trip on the Bay steamer would be most
enjoyable. But travellers will not patronize this route, until
some needed reforms are made. Ficst there ought to be round
trip tickets issued, with the privilege of stop over for a few days.
To many people the steamer becomes monotonous after three
or four days. If these people had the right to stay off and take
the steamer on her next round it would add greatly to the plea-
sure of the outing and to the number of patrons. In the next
place travellers complain that the food bill is too high on these
coastal steamers. They contend that the Company ought to
supply three good meals even if they charged extra. They
resent having to pay hotel prices for everything they eat, and as
a matter of fact will not patronize the steamer, except when
circumstances compel them. The Clyde is a staunch, well
equipped and well kept little ship : the officers from the captain,
the engineers down to the under-steward, are all genial, whole-
souled fellows, and vie with each other in catering to the com-
fort of the passengers. There ought to be on every summer
trip hundreds of health and pleasure-seekeis to the tens that
now patronize the route. No doubt, if the Company only
catered to the expressed wishes of many of its patrons, they
could make the round trip from St. John's to Notre Dame Bay
one of the most enjoyable in the reach of the people all along
the line from St. John's to Lewisport. It is just the right dis-
tance from St. John's, and would occupy about the average
business man's summer vacation, and if proper inducements
were offered, it would be the pleasantest possible trip for the
business man or mechanic of the city.

From the Reid-Newfoundland Co's.]

FOGO HARBOR.

{Collection of Photos.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

BritisD and Hmerican Athletics. ,<

By Rev. M. J.

1TTHE question of the relative merits of British and American
r I ^ gymnastic education is of interest to-day ; and a good
deal of light is thrown upon it by a well-known American,
Mr. G. Upton Harvey, in the American Review of Reviews. The
testimony is all the more valuable as appearing in a periodical

of anti-British temper,
almost as anti-British,
in fact, as the English
Review of Reviews.
Asking the question,
" What the United
Kingdom can teach us
in athletics ?" Mr.
Harvey replies : —
" The test of athletics
should be the good
accruing to the nation

ST. BONAVENTURE'S COLLEGE. at large. It is not

profitable to judge

athletics in general, or any particular sport or game, by the
benefits secured by the few. Athletics- should build us up as a
people, raise the standard of average manhood, and thus benefit
us as a nation, rather than develop a selected few who use their
strength and skill chiefly as a means of earning money.

" In America, we love our players rather than our games. The
result is that only one man in a thousand acquires the strength
and proficiency which make him an acceptable player. Our
athletics develop the few, and benefit us but little, if at all, as a
people. Of course, we turn out teams and individual athletes
unequaled anywhere else in the world. But what good does
that do you and me, who are shut out from participation in the
games because we are not giants in point of strength or wizards
in point of skill ? We are compelled to be mere onlookers at the
present-day baseball or football game, or track meet, to watch
the players with mingled feelings of awe and admiration, much
as the Romans of old sat about the amphitheater and marveled
at the exploits of the gladiators. The ' sport ' of the Romans, —
desperate encounters between man and man, or between man
and wild beast, — undoubtedly developed men of unsurpassed
courage, skill, and strength ; but did it benefit Rome ?

" Our athletes lead the world. But how has this superiority
been achieved ? By making athletics a business or a profession
for selected individuals instead of a sport, a pastime, and a
recreation for all. Athletics as we know them may be sport or
pastime for us as spectators, but our games are no recreation
for those who participate in them. The desire to excel, to win
at any cost, is the root of the evil. If we can't win, we drop
out of the game and join the ranks of spectators. The benefits
of participating in an afternoon's sport, even as a loser, are lost
sight of. We do not play for the sake of playing, or for the
betterment of our physical condition, — we play to win, to come
out first,- to excel our neighbours.

" What we need to learn is to be cheerful losers. Any one can
be a gracious winner, but few of us are good losers. Until we
do learn that there is something in the game besides the win-
ning of it, we cannot hope that our athletics will be of general
benefit to the nation.

" Throughout the United Kingdom, athletics are on a different
plane. Love of sport, — of the game, not the player, — is a
marked characteristic of the average British subject, and it has
made the man of Britain the best-developed of the civilized races of
the world. I mean by this that, man for man, they are unmatched
in point of bodily development, that the average of strength and
of proficiency at outdoor sports is higher among them than
among the men of any other nation. Exceptions do not alter
the fact.

" The male Britisher, wherever you find him, is interested
actively in some outdoor sport. He plays at something even
when he knows there is little or no chance for him to win. He

Ryan, Ph. D.

plays to win if he can, of course, but to win is not his chief aim.
He plays partly for the exercise and partly for recreation. In
other words, he considers the benefits to be derived in the
shape of amusement for the day or hour and betterment of
health rather than the chance of defeating those who play
against him.

" In all athletic sports, the benefit really lies in the playing, not
in the winning. It is no longer sport when desire to win makes
the contest so severe that only a picked few can engage in it
and these few find pleasure only in the defeat of their
opponents.

" The difference between American football and the English
Rugby game illustrates this point. Recently a New Zealand
team toured the United Kingdom playing Rugby against all
comers. Yet a broken collar-bone was the most serious injury
inflicted on any man during these, games. Could a team come
out of as many hard contests at the American game with one
man uninjured.

" The New Zealand team visited New York on its homeward
way, and played an exhibition game against a New York team
chiefly composed of men who had learned the game in England.
The New Yorkers were unable to raise a full team, however, so
the New Zealanders loaned a
number of their spare men.
During the game a member of
the New York team had to retire.
The New Zealanders promptly
sent one of their men to fill his
place, and played out the game
one man short, as substitutes
are not allowed in the English
game.

"This game was witnessed by
a number of authorities on Am-
erican football, and they were
highly pleased at the exhibition.
They saw that the game, though
fast, was devoid of rough play, and that no player was seri-
ously injured, notwithstanding the absence of armor.

"What astonished the spectators most, perhaps. was the openness
of the play, the wonderful passing of the ball, and the acurate
kicking of it by men running at top speed. It was conceded
that the Rugby game is more interesting to watch than ours, re-
quires quite as much speed and skill, and is far less dangerous.
It is a game that can be played by any one of average strength
and skill, and a mild form of training is all that is necessary. A
man of light build who is speedy and uses his brains has an
equal chance with a man of brawn, and in this Rugby football
is typical of English athletics generally.' Take any of their
sports, and you will find that it is something to afford an after-
noon's amusement and to ' keep a chap fit ' for the remainder
of the week, — a game that any one can take a hand in.

" They believe that a certain amount of sport is as necessary
for a boy as is his Latin and Greek. He is compelled to take
part in the games. The British idea was put into words by
Samuel Smiles when he wrote : ' Cultivate the physical powers
exclusively, and you have an athlete or a savage ; the moral only,
and you have an enthusiast or a maniac ; the intellectual only,
and you have a diseased oddity, it may be a monster. It is
only by wisely training all three together that the complete man
can be formed.'

" If the English idea were introduced into our schools it would
make for the better all-around development of our citizens.
The British lad is compelled to take part in the sports as regu-
larly as he does his lessons.

" It is a well-known fact that those who are successful in life,
generally speaking, are men whose bodies are sound and well
developed. On the other hand, you will notice that as a rule
big men of wonderful physical development are not what one
would call successful men ; that is to say they are rarely intelec-

METHODIST COLLEGE.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY,

tual enough to succeed in a profession or in business.

" The training table as it exists in our schools and colleges is

unknown in England. There is nothing of that constant effort

to be first in so common among our young athletes during the

training period.

" An athlete on a
track team 'gets into
condition' by taking
a few practice runs,
and then enters for
every event on the
programme. He
may come off with
an armful of cups,
or he may show last
in everything. It's
all the same to him ;
he has had his after-
noon of sport, and
has improved his

THEOLOGICAL COLLEGE (ANGLICAN).

physical condition. Sport .of this kind does not develop record-
makers who so far outclass their friends and acquaintances that
there is no competition between them, and therefore no sport ; it
does not develop men who are fit only to become professional
athletes or policemen. It does do much to build up the bodies
and stimulate the brains of the whole race."

Thus it may be seen that educated Americans hav- loo much
sense to give any credence to the cry raised against British
systems of education by that faction in England who want to
Americanize it and by those in the background who want to de-
Christianize it. Many years ago, Matthew Arnold warned the
nation against the danger of the rise of an educational party
such as we now see typified by the Rev. Mr. Clifford and Mr.
John Mo'rley, — the fanatics and agnostics being united like the
Pharisees and Sadducees. If such a party get power, he said,
" they will Americanize the country. They will rule it by their
energy, but they will deteriorate it by their low ideals and their
want of culture. . . . The middle classes, remaining as
they are now, with their narrow, harsh, unintelligent, unattrac-
tive spirit and culture, will almost certainly fail to elevate or to
mould the masses below them, whose sympathies are at the
present time actually more liberal than theirs. . . . The
social action of Dissent has not been civilizing." The ami-
British character of those who are now driving the so-called
" Liberal " Party is well described by Dr. James Martiiieau, a
representative of the more Christian section (a minority) of the
Unitarians; The Puritans, he says, "cared little for their
country except as a theatre for their faith. That they belonged
toil was one of the accidents of nature which they despised.

. . Cromwell, the Huntingdon brewer, was an Englishman;
but Cromwell, the Saint, was one of The Lord's People. Their
sympathies were with each other all over the world, and not
with the land of their birth and the institutions of their inherit-
ance. Politically, they had their strife at home, their friendships
abroad. [Pro-Boerism] Their correspondence, their preachers,
their literature, were European" (and afterwards American, be-
cause they fancy in their ignorance that the United States is
still Puritan.) " They prayed passionately for their 'brethren,'
tamely for their country,— whose history they cared not to study
whose ornamental arts they despised, whose poetry was too
warm with the blood of the generous life for them, whose cathe-
drals they stripped and whitewashed, whose lordly timbers they
cut, and whose whole past they regarded as a mass of Bab) lon-
ish horrors. Their aim, in short, was not patriotic but cosmo-
politan ; not so much to guard the honour and unity ot England
as to gather the whole world into an Evangelical Alliance *
They [now] consider patriotism was decidedly heathenish
Had they succeeded, the world would have been uglier " Every
foreign power sees that England " is a kingdom divided against
itself. ' America and Germany know that they can count on
his anti-English body of Englishmen. (Newfoundlanders will
make a great mistake if they expect the present government of
United Kingdom to take a firm stand against the United
states. For, ( i) the Americans know that the Political Non-
conformists, As :nam suppart of th; so-cal!e:l Liberals, are u.ui-

Colonial, and pro-American, hay anti-patriotic. (2 ) The gen^
eral American sentiment towards the present Imperial Govern-
ment is one of looking down, — benevolent in the friends,
malevolent in the foes, but in all contemptuous. Have not the
"Liberals" said they are afraid of the United States ? (3 ) The
Clan-na-Gael will, of course, do all it can to injure any British
Colony, by way of return for the sympathy shown to Ireland by
the Colonies.) How the present government is regarded by
the Japanese may be Judged from the insolent speeches of both
the Japanese Opposition and Ministry. Can we also fail to
notice that the change of government in the United Kingdom
has been followed by a rapprochement between President
Roosevelt and the Kaiser ? The conduct of the Imperial Govern-
ment towards Natal, the assumption that British Colonists must
be in the wrong, shows the spirit of the pro-Boer party. It is
quite in keeping with their accusations against the British in the
Transvaal of enslaving the Chinese. The Kolnische Volkszeitung,
the organ of the German Catholic party, the steady friend of
the British Empire*, has had the conscientiousness and courage
to tell the German people that the "pro-Boer" agitation was
" an immoral agitation." If "pro-Boerism," i.e. anti-Britishism
plus hypocrisy, was immoral for foreigners, it is a thousand
times more immoral for Britons. They are now trying to
place the British in South Africa under the feet of the Boers,
as they did after Majuba, when the Political Nonconformists
warned Gladstone that they would break up the government if
he did not surrender to the Boers. We now have a Prime
Minister of the Crown who accused the most humane army that
ever waged war, of practising "the methods of barbarism"
against the Boers. Our Chief Secretary for Ireland is the man
who stated the " pro-Boer," i.e. anti-British, agitation in the
United States, and who has always distinguished himself as a
bigoted enemy of denominational education. (I point out to
those who thought a pro- Boer
must be a good man that Bryce
has always opposed every attempt
of Balfour or Wyndham to endow
a Catholic University in Ireland).
Another member of the Cabinet
did not disdain to contribute pro-
Boer interviews to the yellowest
of the American papers. If any
American party took such men
for leaders, it would be ruined,
and assuredly they themselves
would be expelled from public
life. (The United States has been
governed by a Conservative Party,
practically, for thirty years).

The Radicals, are just now independent of the Irish vote ;
they will not always be so; and when they need it, they will be as
ready to surrender to the Irish as they were in 1886. " If I were
an Englishman," said to me the Professor of Gaelic in Washing-
ton in 1889, I would be a Conservative. A decent Englishman
cannot support the other party. " They are just now, however,
independent of the Irish ; and having preached for twenty years
the duty of making Ireland contented, they are proceeding to
to prosecute in England the religion which is " The Irish
Peasants' Mistress"1 : —

Thy rival was honoured while thou wert wronged and scorned,
Thy crown was of briars, while gold her brows adorned,
She wooed me to temples, while thou layest hid in caves,
Her friends were all masters, while thine alas ! were slaves;
Yet cold in the earth at thy feet I would rather be
Than wed what I loved not, or turn one thought from thee.
Yes, slave as I was, in thy arms my spirit felt free
And blessed even the sorrows that made me more dear to thee.
****»»»»
Oh ! foul are their slanders ; no chains can that soul subdue ;
Where shineth thy spirit, there liberty shineth too.

Where the Spirit of the Lord is, tJiere is Liberty. The great
principles of religious and civil freedom, from which the so-
called " liberals" have apostatized (and their next plunge will
be into Socialism) must now be upheld by the Imperialist Party.

•The Keichsbote, the organ of the German Lutheran Pastors, is the assail-
ant of King Edward personally.

SPENCER COLLEGE.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Camping and Trouting

Put variety into summer living.

When preparing your holiday list,
you'll need some of these goods :

Choice Tinned Dainties, 15 Varieties Sauces,

Alpha Salad Cream, Irish Hams and Bacon,

Fancy Pickles — sour and sweet, Irish Pig's Heads,
Tinned Fruit, Jams, Syrups and Cordials.

J. D. RYAN,

281 Water Street.

Serendib Tea

Is the Beau-Ideal
of Packet Teas.

It appeals to people of refined taste
through its Rich — Smooth — Even
flavor and delicate Boquet. Only
young and succulent leaves are
used in the manufacture of
Serendib Tea.

5O cents per pound

At All Grocers.

Newfoundland Boot & Shoe

Manufacturing Company, Limited.

Established IS75.

Manufacturers of Boots, Shoes,
and Slippers.

Dealers in Canadian and
American Rubbers.

Reliable Dealers keep
our Goods in Stock.

WHOLESALE ONLY.

HON. JAMES BAIRD, President.

C. R. THOMSON, Manager.

BAIRD. GORDON & Co.

THE CORNER SHOP:

A full stock of Staple and Fancy Dry Goods, Boots and
Shoes, Lines, Twines, Cordage, and Cotton Duck.

THE PROVISION STORE:

Entrance from Cove. Always on hand— Flour, Pork,
Beef, Molasses, &c. Good value and at lowest market
rates. tj^Outport friends will please notice that we
are prepared to handle

Fish, Oil, Lobsters, Furs,

and other produce on the most favourable terms.
Storage and Wharf facilities.

Baird's Building, East side of Cliffs Cove

The

The Attractions
of this Store

ARE

The largest and most
varied Stock in the
Colony at

The Lowest Prices

consistent with quality.
Call and examine.

CALLAHAN, GLASS & CO.,

Duckworth and
Cower Streets.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Department of Agriculture and Mines.

THE following extracts from the CROWN
LANDS ACT, 1903, are published for
general information : —

Ordinary Sale of Crown Lands.

Crown Lands for agricultural purposes, and in 20 acre lols,
are open for sale at 30 cents per acre and upwards.

Grants for more than 20 acres contain conditions for clearing
and cultivating.

Bog Lands.

Lands declared to be bog lands, under the Act, may be leased
in 5,000 acre lots, for such term, at such rent, and on such con-
ditions as may be determined upon by the Governor in Council.

Quarries.

Timber and Timber Lands.

The right to cut timber is granted upon payment of a bonus
of $2 per square mile, an annual rental of $2 per square mile,
and also a royalty of 50 cents per thousand feet, board measure.
on all logs cut. Rent, royalty or other dues not paid on date
on which they become due bear interest at 6 per cent, ptr
annum until paid. Rents become due and payable on Jo//>
November each year. Lands approved to be surveyed and have
boundaries cut within one year. Persons throwing sawdust or
refuse of any kind from mills into rivers, etc., are liable to a
penalty of $100 for each offence.

Pulp Licenses.

Holders of timber or pulp licenses may not export trees, logs
or timber in unmanufactured state.

Holders of timber and pulp licenses may not cut timber on
ungranted Crown Lands.

Mineral Lands.

Any person may search for minerals, and on discovery of a
vein, lode or deposit of mineral may obtain a license thereof in
the following way: (i) Driving a stake not less than 4 inches
square into the ground, leaving 18 inches over ground ; name
of person and date to be written on stake. Application for
license to be filed with affidavit (see Act for particulars) within
two months. Cost of license for first year is jiio tor each loca-
tion. Subsequent rentals : ist year, $20 ; 2nd, to and including
5th year, $30; for next period of five years, $50; and for fol-
lowing years $100.

Upon expenditure of $6000 within five years, lessee shall be
entitled to a Grant in fee.

Licenses for larger areas may also be granted upon terms set
forth in the Act.

Further information may be had on application to

J. A. CLIFT,

Minister of Agriculture and Mines.
Department of Agriculture and Mines,

St. John's, Newfoundland, June, 1906.

Customs Circular

NO. 15.

A deposit equal to the duty shall be taken on such articles as
Cameras, Bicycles, Trouting Poles, Fire-arms, Tents, Canoes,
and tent equipage. A receipt (No. i) according to the form
attached shall be given for the deposit and the particulars of
the articles shall be noted in the receipt as well as in the
marginal cheques. Receipt No. 2 if taken at an outport office
shall be mailed at once directed to the Assistant Collector,
St. John's, if taken in St. John's the Receipt No. 2 shall be sent
to the Landing Surveyor.

No groceries, canned goods, wines, spirits or provisions of
any kind will be admitted free and no deposit for a refund may
be taken upon such articles.

II. W. LeMESStRIER,

Assistant Collector.

CUSTOM HOUSE,

St. John's, Newfoundland, 22nd June., 1903.

NEWFOUNDLAND PENITENTIARY.

BROOM DEPARTMENT.

Brooms, ** Hearth Brushes, * Whisks.

O^p^All orders addressed to the undersigned will receive prompt
attention.

ALEX. A. PARSONS, Superintendent.

Newfoundland Penitentiary, June, 1906.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

,\ '//XM />XM fi

THE . . .

NEWFOUNDLAND (0

QUARTERLY.

JOHN J. EVANS, PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR.

VOL. VI.— No. 2.

OCTOBER, 1906.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

THE ROAD TO THE BEST HUNTING GROUNDS
IN THE WORLD.

TROUT FISHING AT NINE MILE POST.

NEWFOUNDLAND CARIBOU.

H ass (

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

The Attractions
of this Store

The largest and most
varied Stock in the
Colony at

The Lowest Prices

consistent with quality.
Call and examine.

CALLAHAN, GLASS & CO.,

Duckworth and

Cower Streets.

CABLE ADDRESS: W. A. SLAT.

W. A. SLATKRY,

\A/holesale Dry Goods.

..SPECIALTY OF....

Cotton and Wool Tents,

Remnants and Seconds.

\A/A RE ROOMS:

Seaman's Home Building,

Duckworth Street, St. John's, N.F.

JOB BROTHERS & Co.,

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

I mil Apt Of* C of British and American Goods of every
IIIIPUI V0\ O description— Wholesale and Retail.

of Codfish, Codoil, Codliver Oil, Seal Oil,
Lobsters, Furs, and general produce.

All orders for same promptly filled at very lowest rates.

J.V.O'DEA&Co.

WHOLESALE.

flour, Provisions and Feed.

ST. JOHN'S.

Public Notice.

'T'HE attention of Butchers and Vendors of Fresh Meat is
drawn to the following provisions of the Thirty-Sixth
Chapter of the Consolidated Statutes (Second Series) : —

After one month from this date all persons in the Central
District acting in contravention of the provisions recited, will
be prosecuted, unless in the interval a certificate be obtained
from the Health Inspector showing that the premises of such
butchers or vendors of fresh meat are in good Sanitary condi-
tion, and that the regulations of the Board of Health with
respect to the management of slaughter houses are being com-
plied with.

Upon production of such certificate to the Magistrate a license
for the period of one year will be issued free of charge.

R. ALMON BREHM,

• Medical Health Officer.
St. John's, June nth, 1906.

H. M. Customs.

\X/HEREAS it is provided in Section Twelve of "The
"'* Revenue Act, 1905," that : —

" It" shall be lawful for the Governor in Council to remit the
whole or any. portion of the duties imposed by this Act upon
Port or other Wines, Currants and Sultana Raisins, or other
articles imported from the country of production into this
Colony, when it shall appear to him that the duty on Codfish,
the product of the Colony, imported into such country, has been
or will be reciprocally reduced ;"

And whereas the Kingdom of Greece has agreed to reduce
the duty on Codfish imported from this Colony into the said
Kingdom ;

Of which all persons concerned are hereby required to take
due notice and govern themselves accordingly.

Given under my Hand and Seal, at the Government House,
Saint John's, this 3rd day of October, A.I). 1905.
By His Excellency's Command,

ARTHUR MEWS,

Deputy Colonial Secretary.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Post Office Department

Parcels may be Forwarded by Post at Rates Given Below.

In the case of Parcels, for outside the Colony, the senders will ask for Declaration Form, upon which the Contents and Value must be Stated

FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND
LABRADOR.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM.

FOR UNITED STATES.

FOR DOMINION OF
CANADA.

I pou

2 pOU

9
10
II

See
ii

14
i?

26
29

35
35
Under i Ib
per 2 oz.

12 ce

24
36
48
60
72
84
96
$i 08

1 5 cents.
30 "

45 "
60 "

75 "
90 "
$1.05 "

Cannot exceed seven pounds
weight.

No parcel sent to D. of C. for '
less than 15 cents.

nds

24 " ...

24 "

48 "

72 "

weight, i cent

No parcel sent to U. K. for
less than 24 cents.

No parcel sent to U. S. for
less than 12 cents.

N.B. — Parcel Mails between Newfoundland and United States can only be exchanged by direct Steamers : say Red Cross Line to and from New York ;

Allan Line to and from Philadelphia.
Parcel Mails for Canada are closed at General Post Office every Tuesday at 3 p.m., for despatch by " Bruce" train.

General Post Office. "Sfi^SS^g?

THE Rates of Commission on Money Orders issued by any Money Order Office in Newfoundland to the United States
of America, the Dominion of Canada, and any part of Newfoundland are as follows : —

For sums not exceeding $10 5 cts. Over $50 but not exceeding $60 30 cts.

Over $10, but not exceeding $20 10 cts. Over $60 but not exceeding $70 35 cts.

Over $20, but not exceeding 830 15 cts. Over $70 but not exceeding $80 40 cts.

Over $30, but not exceeding $40 20 cts. Over $80 but not exceeding #90 45 cts.

Over $40, but not exceeding $50. 25 cts. Over $90 but not exceeding gioo 50 cts.

Maximum amount of a single Order to any of the ABOVE COUNTRIES, and to offices in NEWFOUNDLAND, $100.00, but as
many may be obtained as the remitter requires.

General Post Office St. John's, Newfoundland, September, igob. H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

General Post Office. II Postal Telegraphs.

[EREAFTER Cable Messages for all parts of the world will be accepted for transmission
over Postal Telegraph lines and cable to Canso, N. S., at all Postal Telegraph Offices in
this Colony.

INLAND.

TELEGRAMS for the undermentioned places in Newfoundland are now accepted for transmission at all Postal Telegraph
Offices in the Colony and in St. John's at the Telegraph window in the Lobby of the General Post Office, at Office in Court
House, Water Street, and in Building at King's Wharf, at the rate of Twenty Cents for Ten words or less, and Two Cents for
each additional word. The address and signature, however, is transmitted free: —

Avondale

Badger

Baie Verte (Little Bay N.)

Baine Harbor

Bay-de-Verde

Bay L'Argent

Bay Roberts

Beaverton

Belleoram

Birchy Cove (Bay of Islds.)

Bonavista

Bonne Bay

Botwoodville

Britannia Cove

Brigus

Brigus Junction

Burin

Carbonear

Cape Race

Catalina

Change Islands

Clarenville

Come-By-Chance

Conception Harbor

Crabb's Brook

Fogo

Fortune

Gambo

Gander Bay

Glenwood

Grand Bank

Grand Falls

Grand Lake

Grand River

Greenspond

Hant's Harbor

Harbor Breton

Harbor Grace

Harbor Main

Heart's Content

Herring Neck

Holyrood

Howards

Humber Mouth (R.H., B.I.)

King's Cove

King's Point (S.W.A..G.B.)

Lamaline

Lewisport

Little Bay

Little River

Lower Island Cove

Manuels

Millertown Junction

Musgrave Harbor

New Perlican

Newtown

Nipper's Harbor

Norris' Arm

N. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Old Perlican

Pilley's Island

Port-au-Port (Gravels)

Port-aux-Basques(Channel)

Port Blandford

Stephenville Crossing

St. George's

St. Jacques

St. John's

St. Lawrence

Sandy Point

Scilly Cove

Seldom-Come-By

Sound Island

S. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Terenceville (head of

Fortune Bay)
Terra Nova
Tilt Cove
Topsails
Trinity
Twillingate
Wesleyville
Western Bay
Whitbourne

Long Harbor

Postal Telegraph Message Forms may be obtained at any Post Office in the Colony, and from Mail Clerks on Trains and Steamers. • If the sender
desires, the message may be left with the Postmaster, to be forwarded by mail Free of Postage to nearest Postal Telegraph Office.

H. J.

General Post Office, St. John's, Newfoundland, September, 1906.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Bowring Brothers,

Limited — —

Ship Owners, Brokers, and General Merchants.

Exporters of Codfish, Salmon, Herring, Seal Oil, Seal Skins,
Cod Oil, Lobsters, Whale Oil, Whale Bone, Etc.

AGENTS FOR LLOYD'S.

London Salvage Association. New Swiss Lloyd's.

Coastal Steamships Portia and Prospero.

Represented by C. T. BOWRING & Co., Ltd., of Liverpool, London, Cardiff.
Kepres3nted by BOWRING & Co., New York and San Francisco.

CODES — Scott's, Watkins, A. B. C., Western Union, Premier, &c.
Cables: — " BOWRING," St. John's.

NEWMAN'S

Celebrated Port Wine,

In Cases of 1 doz. each,
at $8.25 in Bond ; also,

in hogsheads, Quarter Casks a±d Octaves.

Baine, Johnston & Co.,

AGENTS.

A. HARVEY

St. John's, Newfoundland.

Manufacturers of

No. i & No. 2 Hard Bread,
Soda, Pilot, Lunch, and
Fancy Biscuits.

Be sure to ask for HARVEY'S

Soda, Pilot, and Lunch Biscuits.

"They are Leaders."

Queen
fire Insurance Companp

FUNDS $4O,OOO,OOO

i in 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 it 1 1 1 1 ri 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

INSURANCE POLICIES

Against Loss or Damage by Fire

are issued by the above

well known office on the most

liberal terms.

il'ilinii|ii|.'ini.|i|.t,i i i •! ii'i.ii i

JOHN CORMACK,

AGENT FOR NEWFOUNDLAND.

$4 A MONTH

Is not very much for a young man of 20 to put
aside out of his salary, but if invested with the

Confederation Life it will give

To his family, if he dies before age 40,. . .$1000.00
To himself, if he lives to age 40, from. . . .$j 150.00

to $1372.00
according to plan selected.

Insure early, while your health is
good. You will get your money back earlier
in life, when you can use it better.

CHAS. O'NEILL CONROY,

GENERAL AGENT FOR NFLD.,

Law Chambers, St. John's, N. F.

The Newfoundland Consolidated
Foundry Company, Limited.

Manufacturers of Cooking,
Parlor, Hall and Church
Stoves, Gothic GRATES,
Mantelpieces, Windlasses,
Rouse Cnocks, HAWSER
PIPES, and every variety of
Ship and General Castings,
Churchyard or Cemetery
Railings, Crestings, and all
Architectural Castings

W. P. WALSH, S. WILL CORNICK,

President. Manager.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly.'

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY;

VOL. VI.— No. 2.

OCTOBER, 1906.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

€arl 6rcp's Visit to Deiofoundland.

By D. W. Prowse, LL.D.

HE event of the season in this year of Grace, 1906,
was the visit of Earl Grey and his family to New-
foundland. Whatever may be the faults or short-
comings of our people, they obey the apostolic
command to " entertain strangers." Their genial
hospitality, from the highest to the lowest, may be
set down as one of their best insular characteristics.
Never did they show up in better form than in their hearty
welcome to Earl Grey and his family. From first to last the
visit was an unbounded success — harmonious, perfect and com-
plete in every respect.

The malicious attempt of the excited anti-Canadian party to
insult the Governor-General with a threatened Anti-Confederate

{Photo, by James Vey.~\

THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL'S ARRIVAL AT THE REID-NFLD. co

ST. JOHN'S.

demonstration was a dismal failure. Its only effect was to ac-
centuate and bring out in a more marked degree the genuine
hearty spontaneous good feeling of all classes and creeds towards
our illustrious guests. No better missionary could have been
selected to represent the great Dominion than Earl Grey. He
has every quality of a successful Ambassador. Industrious and
pains-taking, a distinguished historical scholar, has studied not
only the ancient Colony's annals (he declared that he could pass,
an examination is Prowse's History), but he went carefully
through all the latest Blue Books and Reports. He saw every-
thing— factories, farms ; even to a haul of codfish. He is not

only the trained experienced observer, but though modern and
liberal in all his views, he retains old-fashioned ideas of the
duties of a gentleman ; never to be rude, discourteous or negli-
gent of lesser people's feelings, unlike the modern upstart with
his type-written replies by some wooden-headed secretary.
Lord Grey, like Dufferin and Gladstone, answers all letters in
his own fine hand-writing. He knows full well how much plea-
sure he confers on his humble correspondents by this charac-
teristic act of politeness. It will interest my readers to know
something about Lord Grey's career.

The Governor-General of Canada is far more than an ordin-
ary Colonial Ruler. He is a great nobleman, the direct repre-
sentaiive of one of the most distinguished families in Great
Britain. As he very humorously declared
the first Earl Grey a very able soldier dis-
tinguished himself most completely by be-
coming the father of the great Earl Grey,
known for ever in our history as the Eman-
cipator of the Slaves, the great statesman
who laboured incessantly for forty years
and finally succeeded in carrying the Re-
form Bill. We rightly honour our Welling-
tons and Nelsons, but Charles Earl Grey
did far more than any conqueror ; he deliv-
ered England from civil war at a great
crisis. His firmness, his courage, his devo-
tion to the people alone saved Britain from
a terrible Revolution.

The third Earl Grey was a most able,
honest and enlightened statesman far in
advance of his generation on the great
colonial questions of the day. His oppon-
ents declared that he was crotchetty and
a difficult man to work with, great, how-
ever, as was his reputation. It is completely
over-shadowed by the grandeur of his pre-
decessor — immortalized by Macaulay's
most eloquent and glowing passage in the
's. STATION essay on Warren Hastings : — Our visitor,

Albert Henry George, fourth Earl Grey, is
the son of General The Honourable Charles
Grey, for many years the personal friend and confidential
servant of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. He was born in
1851. In 1877 he married the present Countess Grey — a most
amiable and accomplished lady, who has been a veritable help-
meet to him during his distinguished career. The Greys are
an able family, conspicuous for their mental ability and political
capacity. At Cambridge University he won great distinction,
coming out senior in the Law and History Tripos in 1873.
From 1880 to 1886 he was an active Liberal Member of the
House of Commons. Though comparatively a young man. he
has seen men and cities ; filled with great' credit to himself the

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

/ntto. by James fay.]

REID-NEWFOUNDLAND COMPANY'S STATION ILLUMINATED IN HONOR OF
EARL GREY'S VISIT.

arduous position of Administrator of Rhodesia in South Africa,
and is a worthy successor of Lord Dufferin as Governor-General
of Canada.

In every way Lord Grey and his family won the hearts of all
Newfoundlanders, and his visit did a world of good. The rela-
tions between the two countries were strained, and mutual ill
feeling excited both by politicians and the press of the two
Colonies. Nothing but good will follow this auspicious visit.
Whilst we may attribute its success mainly to Earl Grey himself
and his most attractive and genial personality great credit must
be given to our Excellent Governor Sir William MacGregor and
his admirable plans and arrangement for our guests entertain
ment. Everyone helped to make the affair a success, none
more so than the Reids, who with their characteristic liberality
and public spirit placed their railway, motor-cars and steam
yacht at his Excellency's disposal, and contributed materially
to his enjoyment. Mr. Ay re's public spirit in getting up a most
successful Ball for our visitors must not be forgotten.

Amongst the many functions attended by Earl Grey and his
family none was more pleasant than the luncheon at Govern-
ment House. Sir William MacGregor had invited a thoroughly
representative body to meet his Lordship, and the result was a
great success.

I regret that the space at my disposal prevents me from
giving a full account of the admirable speeches of His Excel-
lency on our beloved King and on introducing his guest, as well
as the fine oration of the Premier — specially referring to the
hopes of a fast Atlantic ferry service via Newfoundland. Sir
William mentioned one fact not generally known : That it was
the third Earl Grey who first bestowed constitutional govern-
ment on Newfoundland. He might have added that Lady
Howick is a direct descendant of one of our most esteemed
Governors — Admiral Waldegrave. One of the most essential
requirements for a successful Ruler of a great Dependency is
the gift of aeady, fluent and appropriate speech. All who heard

Lord Grey on this occasion were charmed
with his gifts as a most graceful speaker,
and above all his divine gift of humour.
He began by expressing his thanks to the
Governor for the kind way in which he had
spoken of himself and his ancestors. Then
after an eloquent description of the glories
of our West Coast scenery and an account
of the various institutions he had visited,
he referred to the Reports which had
greeted him on his arrival. " That his
mission to Newfoundland was a political
one, to capture the Island, and that he was
to be followed by a boat-load of Canadian
statesmen, including Sir Wilfred Laurier."
He said that he could find no better words
in which to refer to these reports than those
used by Chief Justice Tremlett in answer
to the charges brought against him, made
famous by Judge Prowse in his admirable
History of Newfoundland : — " To the first
charge, Your Excellency, I say that it is a
lie. To .the second charge, I say that it is
a d — d lie ; and to the third charge, I say
that it is a d — d infernal lie. 1 have no
more to say, Your Excellency."

He confirmed the denial that Sir Robert
Bond had very properly made of any poli-
tical importance in his visit. He had come here simply to
gratify his natural desire to see England's Oldest Colony with
which he had most interesting family associations, and also to
better his acquaintance with their distinguished Governor, who
had rendered to the Empire, both in New Guinea and West
Africa, important service which had made him conspicuous as
one of the most valued and efficient servants of tije Crown.

HIS EXCELLENCY SIR WILLIAM MACGREGOR, K.C.M.G.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Lord Cirey declared that it would ill repay all the kindness he
had received if he were to take advantage of this opportunity to
dwell upon what he might conceive to be the advantages to
Canada, to Newfoundland and the Empire of Confederation.
He understood that in Newfoundland Confederation was not
like Mesopotamia, a blessed word. - A Policy of Confederation
could only become operative on the direct initiative of the peo-
ple of the Island.

He wished his hearers, however, to understand that if the
day should ever come, when they, the people of Newfoundland,
realized that it would be to their advantage to become a unit of
the Great Dominion, and a co-sharer with all the other provinces
of Canada in all the wonderful prosperity which was already
rising high on their horizon. That all they would have to do
would be to bear against a door already open. He assured
them that behind that door they would find a most loving,
hearty, and generous welcome.

Confederation in the Dominion is to-day mainly advocated by
the commercial body who expect a great increase of trade,
whilst on the other hand the most bitter opponents on this
Island are the fish merchants and traders, who dread not only
the influx of Canadian goods, but still more the advent of Cana-
dian merchants and speculators of all kinds. In neither Colony
is the Confederation of British North America looked upon in
its true light as a great Imperial question.

Union between the two colonies is not at present a live ques-
tion. Newfoundlanders have very little faith that the present
Canadian Government would really offer us terms liberal and
generous enough to attract us. No one doubts that Confedera-
tion would confer immense benefits on the Colony. It would,
in the first place, cheapen the cost of living thirty per cent,
all around on food, fuel, clothing, etc. Our railroad would be
converted into another splendid, full-guage line, like the Inter-
colonial, with daily mails, fast coastal and trans-atlantic steam,
and, above all, branch railroads and generous bounties to our
fishermen. Most important of all, our great resources would
become known and be developed and utilized, and coal, copper,
and iron mines largely worked, and our big debt taken over by
the Dominion.

The reciprocal advantages to Canada would also be very
great. Her trade would be immensely increased, and with the
control of the whole North Atlantic fishery, and the supply of
bait, she would force the Americans into granting free trade in
all fish products and raw materials. In short it would open up
the markets for eighty million wealthy consumers now rigidly
closed by a tariff wall of high duties.

Both in the negotiations of 1895 and in all other ways, the
modern Dominion politician, in dealing with this great Imperial
question, have shown themselves utterly wanting in foresight
and true statesmanship. Canada's treatment of Newfoundland
in the past has been hostile and injudicious. She opposed our
Bait Act and prevented us obtaining reciprocity with America
under the Blaine-Bond Convention. At the present time she
keeps up the modus vivendi with United States, and by supply-
ing Americans and Frenchmen with bait, she helps to nullify
our vigorous policy of retaliation. It is a stupid proceeding.
Every intelligent leader of opinion in the Maritime Provinces
denounces the absurdity of giving everything to the Americans
and get nothing in return, all to please a few merchants and
fishermen and enable them to grab American dollars. If the
Dominion at the present time possessed statesmen with farseeing
views, like Sir John A. Macdonald, the creator of Confederation

[Photo, by James

EARL GREY'S RECEPTION AT THE GARDEN PARTY,
MOUNT CASH EL.

and the Canadian Pacific Railway, they would realise that their
Colony is the great white man's country of the future, the home
of millions of the English race, that Newfoundland holds the
key of the Atlantic, and is absolutely necessary for Canada's
defence, above all for furnishing the hardy seamen to man her
fleets of the future. Newfoundland is prosperous and can only
be attracted into the union by a most generous offer. Clever
politians would easily find a way if they were really in earnest
to let the islanders know the liberal nature of these terms.

Earl Grey's visit, besides producing a better feeling between
the two cuntries, will have, the further effect of making New-
foundland better known. Lord and Lady Howick and Lady
Sibyl Grey enjoyed splendid sport on the West Coast. They
caught some hundreds of salmon and fine trout.

\Photo. by T. O'Mara.]

THE " BRUCE " EXPRESS CROSSING HOLYROOD BRIDGE.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

3osepl) 6. DJaddock,

CDe Fallen Ceaf.

By Eros Wayback.

JOSEPH C. MADDOCK,
Member for the District of Carbonear.

ON page twenty appears ar, article on " Carhonear and its
Points of Interest" from the pen of M. J. Hawker. Owing to
copy arriving late we were unable to arrange illustrations as
first intended, and insert here now the portrait of Joseph G.
Maddock, Esq., Member for the District of Carbonear.

Joseph G. Maddock was born at Carbonear some forty years
ago, and was the eldest son of the late Robert Maddock, of the
firm of J. & R. Maddock. Mr. Maddock has spent his lifetime
in the general business of the Colony. After his school days
he went into partnership with his brother John, and took over the
business of the old firm ; they are now trading under the style of
J. & J. Maddock. Mr. Maddock succeeded Mr. W. Duff as
representative for Carbonear in 1900, and was re-elected in 1904.

\_Photo. by T.

" WHERE THE SPECKLED KEAUTIES LIE !"

[" The Fallen Leaf" is the swan-song of Eros Wayback. Death had
already marked him for its own, and he was not unconscious of his approach-
ing dissolution, when the death-hymn was sung. Edward St. George, more
familiarly known to thousands of his countrymen, at home and abroad, by
his nom de plume " Eros Wayback," passed peacefully hence, a few days
ago. In his early years, he was a very successful teacher in the leading
Catholic schools of St. John's. Of late he was associated with his brother-
in-law Mr. G. Brocklehurst, Chemist and Druggist, Carbonear. His facile
pen was ever ready and at the disposal of local journals. The QUARTERLY
loses a sympathetic friend, as well as one of its most regular and gifted
contributors, by the comparatively early demise of Mr. St. George. Even
though he was conscious of his impending death, he made every effort to
complete this touching little poem for the autumn issue of this magazine.
With that keener vision, enlarged and illumed, till it is imbued with the pro-
phetic, that is vouched to those who stand on the verge of the Immortal,
and peer with clearer gaze into the unlocked mysteries of the Great Beyond,
he saw and depicted human life as, — a fallen leaf. Slightly amending the
last words of his last poem, let us hope that ere this, he has heard

" . . . the reveille of (iod

Sound trumpet clear, throughout the spheres

Kor winch he's waited thro' the years.''!

THE leaves that waved o'er Summer leas

And danced upon the perfumed breeze

Whilst on the green cast grateful shade.

Where lowing kine at leisure strayed;

Or skipped the little lambs in play

Thro' out the gladsome vernal day; —

Or revelled in the Sun-god's gleam

Whilst scintillating in each beam

Of quivering light throughout the grove

That fjery scenes of splendour wove ;

And kissed the zephyr's lips soft-pressed,

Wandering from out the West; —

Are lying, now, upon the math,

And strew each glade and woodland path.

They cover every shelteied nook,

And float adown the gurgling brook

Whose sinuous line thro' gorse and lea

Is bent unto th' engulphing sea.

Oh, gorgeous tinted maple leaves,

I see you piled in sheaves on sheaves I

Ah ! all your beauty, now, means death,

Whilst dropping at the Autumn's breath.

Altho' your tinted hue more rare

Than when you brerthed spring-time air;

In tarnished splendour o'er the ground.

You rot in each increasing mound !

C'CITOOi.

" So like to man. tho' he is given

" The impress fair of highest heaven

" He walks the earth his little day.

" Then all unnoticed slips away ;

" And lies beneath the turf-mound raised.

" Nor heeds tho' censured, yet, or praised 1

" Just as these leaves of spi ing-tide birth,
" Our bodies, too, must seek the earth.
" Unlike these leaves that stiew the sod,
" We'll hear the reveille of God
" Sound trumpet clear thro' out the spheres
" For which we've waited thro' the years."

Che passing of tl>e Poet.

(In memory of Edward St. George — " Eros Wayback".)

By Dan Carroll.

As SWEEPS the stately ship adown the bay,

Cleaving the waves that now on either hand,
Recede before her proud impetuous way.

In lines of foam that broaden towards the land ;
Where fearful to put further out to sea,

And drifting idly near the brine-splashed strand,
Are frailer craft, whose lighter forms shall rise
Upon that wake's bright swell in swift, in glad surprise.

Fain would I chant a fitting requiem

O'er him whose earthly songs shall thrill no more,

But, ah ! I dread a venturous sail to trim,
Or tempt my timid bark to leave the shore.

Thy passing stirred thy native sea of song
As did that ship careering towards the main,
The blue bay's peace; — but my poor skill is vain,
Like those frail shallops tossing there to lee.
'Tis but a wayworn wave that lifteth me, —
Yet, through my heart I've felt it's trembling tide
Throb a sad dirge when " Eros Wayback" died.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

J. &J. Madded,

General Importer of Dry Goods,

Groceries and Provisions

Purchasers of Fish, Oil, &c

Carbonear, Neivfoundland.

CARD.

M. J. HAWKER,

General Agent

and
Accountant.

CARBONEAR.

The Sign of the "Golden Boot"

Is a reminder
for you to drop
in and see the
best and low-
est price Boots
in Newfound-
land* ,£ <£

PARKER & MONROE,
The Shoe Men,

195 & 363 Water Street.

THE

LONDON DIRECTORY,

(Published Annually.)

Opening of New Cable Route to South

enterprising traders throughout the Empire to keep in close
touch with the trade of the Motherland. Besides being a complete com-
mercial guide to Ixindon and its suburbs, the Directory contains lists of : -

EXPORT MERCHANTS

with the goods they ship, and the Colonial and Foreign Markets they
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THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Che Catholic tncpclopaedia.

By Rev. M.

HE Catholic Encyclopaedia, 'which is to be pub-
lished in the United States of America by the
Robert Appleton Company of New York, aims at
furnishing accurate and complete information on
every point concerning the doctrines and rites
and discipline of Catholicism, and concerning the
institutions and organizations and associations
embraced within the Catholic Church. Such a work will be of
inestimable value to everyone, whether Catholic or non-Catholic,
who is obliged to write, or who finds himself in ignorance or
perplexity about any Catholic subject. Two of the editors of
this work are personal friends of mine. One of them, Dr. Pace,
Professor of Psychology in the Catholic University of America,
is an old fellow-student and class-mate of mine; he is one of
the very ablest men in the United States and I really think that
the proudest moment of my life was when I succeeded in carry-
ing off from him the medal in dogmatic theology in Rome.
Another of the editors, Dr. Shahan, the Professor of Ecclesias-
tical History in the same institution, is one of the first, and one
of the kindest friends whom I made in the United States ; and
I well remember how he remarked to me, " Here is a case of
the communion of souls ; you and I, brought up in different
circumstances, and trained in very different schools, meet by
accident, and we find ourselves in complete agreement in prin-
ciple and sentiment."

This work is due in part to a recognition that many of the
misrepresentations concerning the Catholic, religion are honest
mistakes, which it is scarcely possible for non-Catholics to have
avoided, so long as we did not furnish them with the means of
finding correct information. It also originates in a feeling that
some of the worst misrepresentations of the Catholic religion
come from self-appointed champions and apologists, who very
often put forward their own theological opinions, or the opinions
of some particular school in which they have been brought up,
as the authoritative or even as the dogmatic and unchangeable
teaching of the Church. Thus opinions which at best are pro-
bable, and which often are contrary to the genuine spirit of the
Catholic religion, are exhibited as what the Church asserts to be
contained (explicitly or virtua'ly) in the faith once delivered to
the Saints. Men who are very imperfectly informed in Catholic
theology, but who pose as self-constituted popes, attack every-
one who will not agree with them, and are more orthodox than
the Church, more papal than the Pope; while men who really
know their own religion are assailed by aggressive and intol-
erant individuals. Everyone knows how Newman, to-day recog-
nised as the greatest theologian of the nineteenth century, was
for nearly twenty years misrepresented to the authorities in
Rome. There were actually editors of Catholic newspapers and
reviews that attacked him for his theory of development of
doctrine; yet he lived to see the principle of development
affirmed by the ecumenical council of the Vatican. Conse-
quently, one of the most conspicuous characteristics of the
E-icyclopaslia will be the drawing a clear distinction between
the authoritative teaching obligatory upon the faithful, and the
region of theological opinion ; the utmost care, however, will be
taken to adopt an impartial attitude towards all the schools and
parties within the Church ; and to be fair even to the unfair,
and charitable even towards the uncharitable.

On the part of Messrs. Appleton, the motive in publishing is
this. In their "Appleton's Encyclopaedia," the articles on
Catholic subjects abounded in gross mistakes, which appeared
to the Catholics to be deliberate misrepresentations, and excited
violent indignation. The sale for their EncyclopaHia among
Catholics, accordingly, was almost a total failure. They recog-
nised, therefore, that they had made a mistake, in looking to
non-Catholic writers for the information concerning Catholic
subjects. Indeed, the absurdity of this plan would be clear, if
the articles on Protestant subjects were written by Catholics.
It is, indeed, more absurd ; for nearly every one assumes that

/ Ryan, Ph.D.

he knows, without study, all about the greatest, the most ancient,
the most venerable, the most complex of Christian Churches.
An American priest remarked to me : " Any and every Protes-
tant you meet — the man in the street — thinks he can teach a
Catholic the Catholic religion." "I find that quite natural," I
said, "for every American I meet thinks he can instruct me in
the British constitution and British laws." Messrs. Appleton
are not the only house that have had to consult Catholic
opinion. The Harpers, the most bigoted house in the United
States, tried, but too late, to win Catholic support.

What is the cause of this great change in a nation founded by
Cromwellians, separated from the mother country by Crom-
wellians, and which was dominated in 1865 by the Puritans?
Mr. Barret Wendell, a professor of Harvard University, explains
the change which has come over the American spirit, in an
essay upon the American national character and mind, which he
has written as a chapter in the Cambridge Modern History : —
" [Formerly] in New England, the minister once elected, enjoyed
an authority of extraordinary range and strength. The logical
conclusion from (Calvinistic) ecclesiastical dogma is despotism.
With his fellow-ministers, he was one of a chosen company,
generally acting in harmony, whose position on Yankee earth
faintly figured that of the Elect in a Yankee heaven." But
Calvinism died from the following cause : " Acute wickednes,
obviously deformed distortion of human character, is apt to
develop chiefly in regions where population is congested. The
social phenomena of Europe have usually been such as to war-
rant unfavourable conclusions about human nature, and these
became crystallized in doctrines of human depravity. A sparse
population, in an empty continent, free from every kind of social
complexity, promoted the growth of a simpler type of character.
The Elect, when the happy dwellers in such a region, find
themselves surrounded by human beings who do not seem
bound hell-ward. Calvinism no longer fits the case." They
might say of course that God specially loves the dwellers in
that particular locality. " But it is simpler to say that Calvin
was .mistaken about the extreme depravity of human nature;
and that is what Americans on the whole have been disposed
to say." He observes rhat the assertion that all men are born
equal, with an inalienable right to liberty and happiness, was in
contradiction (though they did not then see it) with Calvinism.
Thus the English Cromwellians' in assisting the American
Revolution were assisting unknowingly in destroying their own
religion. " As the American mind began to accustom itself to
the new conception of human nature, which alone could justify
republican institutions, many men saturated with ancestral Cal-
vinism, found it necessary to revise their creed. Channing led
the way by writing of Calvinism in these terms ; ' Whoever will
consult the famous (Westminister) Assembly's Catechisms and
Confession will see the peculiarities of the system in all their
length and breadth of deformity. A man of plain sense, whose
spirit has not been broken to this creed by education or terror,
will think it is not necessary for us to travel to heathen countries
to learn how mournfully the human mind may misrepresent the
Deity.' . . . There is a strong tendency among Ameiicans
of a religious turn toward the willing acceptance of ecclesiastical
systems generally foreign to their earlier traditions. For example,
throughout the country and even in New England, the strength of
the Protestant Episcopal Church has tended for half a century
steadily to increase, and so has that of the Church of Rome."*

*If the Conservatives had been in office at the time of the conference at
Alge9iras, when the United Slates Government supported Germany against
France and England, the Political Dissenters would have persuaded them-
selves that Anglicanism and " Toryism" were the only impediments to an
Anglo-American alliance. Mr. Richard Whiting, "one of them," wiote a
few years ago : " The thing which binds us closest to America is the religi-
ous sentiment in the Dissenting Bodies. The various churches that repre-
sent the principles of Independency on both sides of the ocean are bound
together by their scheme of church government, which involves Republic-
anism in politics." The English Independents, it is true, are pro American ;
but the American Independents are not pro English but anti-English. We
now have a Dissenters' government in Great Britain; is the United States

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

The growth of tolerance, respect, and sympathy for the
Catholic Church was long retarded by political causes. The
Catholic religion was regarded as Irish ; and it is only within the
last fifteen years or so, that the respectable, conscientious,
and genuinely Irish portion of the Irish in the United States
have obtained recognition as the Irish. Before that time, those
who stuck themselves forward as the Irish (and unfortunately
were allowed to do so) and who called anti-Irish any one who
did not agree with them, were men who in character, in princi-
ples, in conduct, were neither Catholic nor Irish. When the
question of the abolition of slavery arose, the " Irish politi-
cians" (as the Americans call them) in the United States, were
all opposed to emancipation. John Mitchell, having escaped
from Australia yby breaking his parole came to the United
States, founded a newspaper, and in its columns defended
slavery ; and he sent his two sons to fight in defence of slavery.
They persuaded the mass of the Irish that if the negro were em-
ancipated he would come North and deprive them of employ-
ment (just as the English agricultural labourer has been per-
suaded that if Ireland had " Home Rule." the Irish would be so
impoverished that they would flock over to England and deprive
him of employment) ; and they did their best in the Northern
States to keep the " fighting race" from coming forward to fight
for the Union. When the war was over, it was seen that their
whole power was directed to involve the country that gave them
a home in a war on British America and with the greatest power
in the world ; of which the certain consequence would have been
a fresh rebellion in the South, and probably with success for the
South. It was seen that they had obtained American citizenship
on false pretences by swearing that they renounced allegiance to
Great Britain and Ireland. Their raids upon British America
(where the Irish were better treated than in the United States)
discredited and disgraced the United States to the advantage of
England, and were followed by the assassination of the greatest
Irishman of the generation following O'Connell. t

In 1882, the American Ambassador in London was warned by
Mr. Justin McCarthy that Irish-Americans were coming over to
Ireland to break the laws and get themselves arrested, that they
might then claim protection, as American citizens, from the
American Government, in the hope of cieating war between the
two powers. Those criminal lunatics are now put down ; and
the true Irish such as Mr. Onahan of Chicago (the grand old
man of tl.e Irish in America) and Mr. Crimmins of New York
are recognised by public opinion as the Irish. These men suf-

more friendly to them than it was to the Conservatives ? It is not more
friendly, and it is less respectful. The ablest and most influential news-
paper in New York has described the present Prime Minister of the United
Kingdom as a feeble opportunist, without either backbone or principles, who
has blundered in dealing with every question, and has had to be kicked by
public opinion into the right course. I must say here, as to American
"yellow journalism," — If the yellowest newspaper in the United States is
good enough for Mr. Morley to make it the mouth-piece of his pro-Boerism,
and if he is good enough to be Secretary of State, then it is good enough
for American hod-carriers and street-pavers to read. The American hod-
carrier and the Radical Secretary of State are brought on common ground
when the New York Journal (now called The American) is the channel of
communication between them.

t Though these wretches assume the Celtic title of Fenian or Clan-na-
Gael, they are usually descendants of Cromwellians and Covenanters.
Dr. T. Dunbar Ingram points out that in 1798, "while the Celtic West was
tranquil, the six counties in which the rebellion raged had been the most
thickly planted by immigrants from England, and the majority of the
peasantry in these counties had English or Scotch names. Foui of the
counties had formed the English Pale. Many of the leaders were Pro-
testants." Their spirit is shown by a speech of one of them to an acquaint-
ance of mine during the Boer war : -" Now is the time to strike England."
" What would you strike her with ? With your fist ?" '• I don't care ; let
us have some blood shed (not his own) to keep up the old hatred" — not to
do any good to Ireland. In Montreal, the only city in Canada where there
are Fenians, the widow of the murderer of D'Arcy McGee celebrated the
anniversary of the murder during her life by hanging out the green
flag. Those so-called Irishmen who allowed their flag to be disgraced were
worse than she. A. M. Sullivan's Story of Ireland does not refer to the
murder, and glorifies the Raids as the last grand exploits of the Irish race,
and has the impudence to say that the Fenians won victories. [It is a
question whether that book or Froude's English in Ireland takes the cake
for fiction]. One hour after the shooting 'of President McKinley, one of
those wretches said to one of my colleagues: " I am not sorry for >iim ; he
was a friend of England ;" i.e. the ruler of every country which gives them
a home ought to be shot if he will not sacrifice'the interests of his country
to promote their designs.

fered long in the cause of Catholic morality, the cause of con-
stitutional reform, the cause of Ireland. Mr. Onahan was as
ready to die for Ireland as his two grandfathers who (as he told
me) perished in '98 ; but he knew that times were changed,
that this is the age of constitutional reform, that Ireland and
England have common interests, that the British Empire offers
a great career to Irishmen ; and he risked his life (as McGee
lost it) to keep the Green Flag pure from all stain of association
with anarchy and murder. He lived to see the Green Flag
floating over Windsor Castle, and the Wearing of the Green on
St. Patrick's Day recognised by royal order to the army (under
a conservative ministry ; as indeed, all recognition of the Green —
such as the use of it in the coat of arms of the Royal University,
and the placing of the Harp upon the Royal Standard — has been
by Conservative Ministries).

When I first met Mr. Onahan, his grand countenance — grand
as a Roman antique hero or god — was deeply marked by the
signs of sorrow for the recent loss of his wife. As he talked
over Irish affairs with me, and spoke of the Clan-na-Gael as
impeding reform in Ireland (because reform is as much the
enemy of revolution as revolution is the enemy of reform) and
disgracing the Irish name, I interposed: "and persecuting every-
one not as insane as they," — " Ah," he said, "it is /that know
that. But they have no power now, except among drunkards
and those who make drunkards." It is needless to say that in
Ireland, reason has triumphed. " When 1 first met Mr. Red-
mond," writes Mr. W. M. Crook, " I was more or less of a sepa-
ratist ; he made me an Imperialist. . . . John Redmond
knew the Empire; his wife was an Australian ; and even when I
first met him, he had been round the World ... I say
with some confidence that never, while John Redmond is leader.
will the Irish party consent lobe deprived of their rightful share
in the government of the Empire " (the severest censure on
Morley 's attempt in '1886 to deprive Ireland of representation
in the Imperial Parliament and thereby repeal the union). The
acceptance of Mr. Onahan, Mr. Crimmins and Mr. Redmond *
by American public opinion as the Irish has made "the Iiish
religion" respected.

Another cause of respect for the Catholic religion has been
the consequences of the war with Spain. The American gov-
ernment found that the Filipinos could not be governed at all
unless the Catholic religion were recognised as their national
religion. It was necessary to establish an understanding with
the Catholic Church in the United States. Thus the Puritan
ministers who hallooed on the American mob to the war with
Spain have outwitted themselves.

A third cause is the shadow of impending Socialism. Presi-
dent Roosevelt has changed his opinions on every point of
public policy from Radicalism to Conservatism. On no subject
has his change been so great and so striking as in his abandon-
ment of the Radical's hatred of Catholicism for the Conserva-
tive's recognition that Catholicism is alike a bulwark of order
against anarchy and a bulwark of individual liberty against
Socialism. Such are 'the causes of the change in American
opinion of which the publication of a Catholic Encyclopaedia by
the Appletons is only one (but a very striking) sign.

* Mr. Redmond during his visits to the United States, while speaking
very strongly in favour of Irish self government, against the centralized
Union, has never said one woid against England or the English. In this
his language has honourably differed from that of the gentleman
who is head of the Gaelic League; who when he came to Rochester,
New York, made the Irish there so ashamed of his combination of affected
vulgarity in accent and phrase, and of abuse of the English people, with
devotion to centralized government [for the sake of his supposed personal
and sectarian interests] that the Irishman who presided at his lectuie and
introduced him to the audience, excluded all notice of the lecture after its
delivery from a newspaper of which he is sub editor. Dr. Douglas Hyde's
offence was considered all the greater because many Englishmen in
Rochester had spontaneously proffered subscriptions to the fund raised to
bring him there. ' The different kinds of Irishmen are well illustrated by
the following story, which is literally correct. An Irishman about to deliver
a St. Patrick's Day speech to an audience came to me to see if his facts
were correct [for Irish- Americans know no Irish history]. Another coun-
tryman of his who had seen the address had said: " Aren't you going to
say anything against England ?" " I am not ; I am going to praise my
own people and let others alone." The " Rebel" Irish are all anti-Colonial,
[I suppose because 'of our sympathy for the Irish], while the Catholic Irish
are always ready to fight our battles.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

experiences in San Francisco.

By Rev. J. E. Peters.

O city in the country is to-day more wide-awake
than San Francisco. None offers greater oppor-
tunities for residence, for business, for investment.
* * * There is a city of destiny. The outlook
promises, and facts help prove that here is estab-
lished one of the cities of the ages that will take
its place in the roll-call with Carthage, Constanti-
nople, Rome, Venice, London, New York." So reads the
opening paragraphs of the folder, entitled " San Francisco,
California's Metropolis," that I obtained in that city last
September.

After reading in the newspapers the telegrams concerning
the appalling disaster that has overtaken the famous city, one
who has been there so recently may be pardoned for an attack
of cacoethes scribendi.

We stepped from the train at Oakland on the morning of a
beautiful day, and were soon on board the luxurious ferry
steamer bound for " Frisco." Unfortunately, the wind was
ahead, so that the smoke from the city was blown towards us
and precluded a good v;ew from the water. It was plain, how-
ever, that the city was situated on a somewhat hill) site, and
that the buildings were closely packed. Our first care was to
find the station, from which we were to leave for San Jose in
the evening so that we might deposit hand-baggage and get
large baggage checked. The next thing needful was to find
our bank and change our draft ; that attended to, we were free
to take in as many sights as possible during the few hours at
our disposal.

In order to find out what might best be accomplished, we
found our way to the Y. M. C. A. building, told one of the
secretaries our business, and found that he was only too willing
to direct us. Of course his first suggestion was to visit Cliff
House, where we might see seals and surf, but when we told
him that we came from a land where the seal fishery was one of
the chief industries, and that we were all too familiar with the
Atlantic surf, he quietly remarked that it would hardly be worth
our while to spend our time in that way, but inttead suggested
the Golden Gate Park or Spreckles.

Acting upon the plan he suggested, we first visited the cele-
brated " Call" building. This is a huge square tower-like
structure rising fifteen stories, surmounted by a dome in which
there are four stories more. After visiting the Italian restaurant
on the fourteenth story we took the elevator for the Cupola at
the top, and soon found ourselves viewing the city from that
coign of vantage. Here we were at least twenty stories from
the ground, with a clear uninterrupted view in all directions.
Away down below were the streets, busy with street cars and
vehicles of all descriptions, and with the genus homo — we were
too far a\vay to detect sex or race distinctions — moving about
in all directions. No sounds from the busy streets reached us,
but just below us there was at intervals the peculiar, rapid tap-
ping of the electric riveter, a sound to be heard in every city
now that we are in the era of the steel-framed building.

Having descended to terra jirma, we walked a short distance
along streets lined with magnificent stores to The Palace of
Diamonds on Montgomery Street. We found ourselves in what
might have been considered a veritable fairy palace, but here
everything was real. Down the entire length of the store were

two glass covered show-cases filled with all kinds of jewelry, all
of it gold, and set with diamonds. The walls were covered with
plate glass mirrors which made the place seem very large and
all the more gorgeous, whilst electric lights flashed out in all
directions and caused many-colored tints to be seen in the heavy
crystal electrobiers.

Courteous assistants bade us welcome, called our attention to
the pictures frescoed on the ceiling adorned with genuine dia-
monds, showed us a tray of rings on which was one worth $6000,
and gave us a little souvenir booklet. The glitter of the gold,
the flash of the diamonds, and the brilliance of the electrical
display made an impression on the memory that will not easily
be effaced. But alas for worldly treasure ! the telegraph mes-
sage said "the fire is raging on Montgomery Street," and this
Palace of Diamonds is probably a melancholy wreck.

We next climbed the hill to China-town where 30,000 celestials
have their quarters in a space that is covered by twelve blocks.
One did not need to famy that he was in China Up and
down by the sides of the shop windows were Chinese characters,
in the windows were all manner of Chinese wares, and the only
human beings that one saw were Chinese, some in their native
costumes, and others clad in American garb. We went into
one large store where we saw most beautiful silks and embroid-
eries— at too stiff a price, however, for our slender purse, — and
most delicate china of all kinds, but we did not essay a purchase,
for we had seen the baggage-men landing trunks at the various
stations, and we thought that we could better endure the doing
without, than find our delicate and dainty bits shivered to frag-
ments when next we opened our trunks.

From China-town we went to Golden Gate Park by the cable
cars, a ride of twenty-five minutes for a five-cent fare. Days
might be spent in this beautiful place, to say nothing of a few
hours. The grounds are laid out with exquisite taste and are
kept in splendid order. The drives and walks are finished with
crude petroleum so that there is no dust to dull the vivid green
of the grass, or the charming tints of the flowers. On all sides
were flowers; roses of all descriptions, fuchsias grown to shrubs
four or five feet in height and covered with blooms, lilies of
many varieties, dahlias of many colors — all of them growing
out in the open air just as do the hardier perennials in our
northern clime. Tropical plants of all kinds are to be found in
a very fine conservatory. With commendable wisdom the au-
thorities have each plant labelled with its ordinary as well as its
scientific name, together with the place from which it was
brought. Not far removed from the conservatory is the museum.
As the building is in the Egyptian style the plain and peculiar
looking exterior gives no suggestion of the trearures within. At
the entrance we were met by a lad who asked for our umbrellas
and camera and gave a check for them ; in answer to a question
as to the cost of taking care of these valuables, the lad responded
with a cheery, " nothing, sir." Such magnanimity on the part
of " the powers that be" makes a pleasant oasis in the dreary
monotony of the " five cents an article, sir," of the railway
stations and other places where your hand baggage is either
demanded or bestowed. It is not easy to describe all that is to
be seen in that building. In one room are all manner of articles
gathered from the Indian tribes, in another a fac simile of all
the furniture in the bed chamber of the Great Napoleon at

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Versailles; in another mummies from Egypt and casts from the
Babylonian monuments, in another mineral specimens of all
kinds, together with a great profusion of gems and precious
stones. Collections of ancient armour and weapons, coins and
medals, copies of famous documents, pottery ancient and mod-
ern, paintings and statuary — all these and many others " too
numerous to mention" are open for inspection " free, gratis, and
for nothing." A little further on is the open-air concert arena,
a large and level plot of grass, seated with benches to accom-
modate an audience of several thousands. The band stand is
in the shape of an immense triumphal arch, apse-like on the
inside, and flanked on either side with a double colonnade.
Other items of interest are the aviary with hundreds of living
birds in many species, parks containing deer, elk, and buffalos,
a lake in which sport swans and many kinds of water fowl, a
handsome building surrounded by grounds dedicated especially
to the use of children, and a Japanes tea garden where all kinds
of rockeries, narrow winding paths ingeniously laid out, fantastic
bridges, and a tea house where tea and cake are served in
Oriental style for the modest sum of ten cents.

Many of the principal buildings could only be seen by us as
we sped along in the cars: the City Hall, the Palace of Justice,
the Palace Hotel, the Mint, the churches, all of them of elegant
design, telling to all observers not merely that the citizens were
wealthy, but that they were artistic in their tastes.

The traffic viewed from the street-car was a most interesting
study. Here might be seen six or eight heavy draft horses
hauling a large iron tank, containing crude petroleum : yonder
were large trucks piled high with boxes of canned or dried fruits ;
whilst horses and carts, and carriages of all descriptions were
endeavouring to get in opposite directions, thus adding to the
apparent confusion. Into the tangle comes the electric car, but
it gets no right of way. The motorman understands the situation,
he sounds his gong to let the teamster know that he is at his
cart's tail, but he must slow up and follow cautiously. The
teamster understands the situation, too, he does not look back
to see where the car is, his eyes are intent on what is before
him and when opportunity offers he turns out and the car
passes on.

For the more leisurely sight-seeing pedestrian, the shop-
window's presented endless attractions. Here were displayed
articles of all kinds, from ponderous mining machinery to the
most elegant jewelry, together with all the articles in the me-
chanical, and furnishing, and grocery, and drygoods, and literary,
and art departments that were necessary to supply the needs
and luxuries of all classes and grades of society — from the men
with the pick toiling for the gold, to those who had the minted
gold jingling in their pockets, or the manufactured gold glitter-
ing on their person.

But what a difference between the San Francisco that we
saw in September, 1905, and the San Francisco that Rev. Win.
Taylor saw September, 1849. HC says " We ascended the hill
above Clark's Point and got our first view of the city of San
Francisco. Not a brick house in the place, and but few of wood,
and they were constructed mainly of lumber from goods boxes,
and three or four single-story abode houses ; not a pier or wharf
in the harbor, but a vast encampment in tents of about twenty
thousand men and about ten women." At that time " potatoes
were fifty cents a pound ; South American apples, fifty cents
each ; dried apples, seventy five cents a pound ; Oregon butter,
two dollars and fifty cents a pound ; fresh beef, fifty cents a

pound ; flour, fifty dollars a barrel ; lumber from three to four
hundred dollars per thousand feet."

Concerning the city that we saw, the following facts may be
of interest. Its population was in the vicinity of 500,000, the
assessed valuation of property was $545,866,446, the bank
clearings for a year were over $1,500.000,000, there were 180
miles of electric railway and 77 miles of cable road, 4 libaries
containing over 500.000 volumes, 82 public schools, 28 public
parks, 62 hotels, and 30 leading churches, beside a number of
smaller ones.

Nothing so became our visit to San Francisco as our manner
of leaving it. After crossing to Oakland we boarded one of
the magnificently equipped trains that carry first class sleeping-
car passengers only to Chicago in the shortest time, but with the greatest
comfort. The train consisted of Pullman sleeping-cars, all of them fitted
with electricity, not only for call bells, but for lighting purposes. In addi-
tion to the lights overhead there were lights for each seat. Upon raising
a plated cover a small bulb of ground glass was found attached to the
underside, and when the cover was raised to the proper point a spring
caught it and switched on the current, whilst the plated socket served as a
parabolic reflector. At the rear of the train was an observation car which
was a much advertised specialty of this particular " Overland Limited."
For smokers there was a spacious apartment where refieshments were
served and where there were easy-chairs, writing desks, and current peri-
odicals, whilst for those who did not indulge in the " weed" there was a
spacious parlor furnished with broad plate windows, luxurious easy-chairs
with hassocks, a library containing the works of popular authors, current
magazines in leather covers, and a writing desk provided with all materials
for correspondence, including daintly tinted and embossed writing paper.
The platform at the end of the car was broad and roomy and had every
convenience for passengers who wished to sit outside. All the privileges
of this car were at the disposal of all the passengers without extra charge.
Amidst such sumptous surroundings we sped along enjoying the magni-
ficent scenery of the mountains till by and by Ogden was reached, and we
stepped into another train that took us to Salt Lake City.

Britannia C\rvf, Trinity Hay.

Co earl 6rep and parip

On tbeir Visit to Rcwfoundlaml.
By Dan Carroll.

FROM our fair sister land, from where
The broad St. Lawrence mirrors clear,

The spires of a thousand fanes,

We give thee gracious welcome here.

A welcome warm and broad and deep,
(Untainted by the hints that fall,

From party-press and partisans)
Goes out unto you one and all.

The maple leaf we'll twine to-day
In Terra Nova's wreath of fern ;

Bright scion of the house of Grey

Bon Tpyagi: and may you soon return.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

ncwfoundland PamMorc.

By Most Rev. M. F.
XVI.

SALVAGE.

HE southern, or western, side of the entrance to
Trinity is formed by an island or peninsula, (for
I find it represented in both ways on different
maps), called Salvage Hill. The name is Spanish
(pronounced Sal-vah-ltay) hence at present it is
pronounced by the people not 6a/-vege. but Sal-
vage, with the accent on the second syllable and
the long sound of a, as in rage. It is the name given by the

Spaniards to the Indians; Portuguese, Selvagem ; Italian, Sel-
vaggio ; French, Sauvage. It is to be met with on many parts of
our coast, and is translated un our English maps, as Indian
Head, Wild Cove, Savage Harbour, &c.

Coming southward from Trinity we pass a Harbour called

TROUTY.

Corcernirg this rrme Cf-rcn Smith ,-s)s: " Trouty a purely
English name unique because none other of ihe same name in
Newfoundland. It is so named because a river runs into the
harbour once celebrated for the abundance of trout it contained,"
but the name under a slight change is not unique. There is a
"Trout River" a small cove near Bonne Bay. Then

CUCKHOLD'S cove.

This name is -also repeated, thus we have it again between St.
John's and Kitty Viiiy.

It is difficult to understand why this name in its ordinary
meaning should be applied to any place on our coast. It may
be remarked, however, that there is a species of fish called the
Cuckhold. It is a southern o::e.in fish, otherwise called the
Cow fish ( Ostracion CameUiii'is). It is somewhat like the Bream,
a fish common in o.ur waters, and which has given its name to
some places as, Point Brea n, in Placentia B.iy. We next
come to

SPANIARD'S BAY

This name and varieties of it, such as Spanish Room, Span-
iard's Harbour, &c., are found repeated on our coast. The best
known is the harbour beaiing this name near Harbour Grace in
Conception Bay. Our early planters did not always distinguish
between Portuguese and Spaniards, but called them all indis-
criminately— Spaniards. This was owing to their similarity of
national characteristics, language and appearance; also to the
fact that Portugal was subject to the Crown of Spain from 1580
to 1640. It is certain that the Spaniards frequented our coasts
in those days. '„, As Hayes in his account of Sir Humphry
Gilbert's enterprise ( 1583) mentions distinctly both Spaniards
and Portuguese ships as being in St. John's Harbour. But the
Portuguese have left their impress in a more marked manner.
In fact they completely ousted Spain from any claim to, or in-
terest in Newfoundland. . The wily monarch— K;ng John II.
— by a ruse having induced King Ferdinand of Spain to alter
the Line of Demarcation laid down by Pope Alexander VI. and
so secured the possession of the Island of Newfoundland to the
Crown of Portugal. An old Spanish writer, Suza, says the
Spanish made a settlement in Placentia in 1521 and no doubt
they, and not the French, gave it the name as we shall see later
on. They also founded the settlement of Spanish Room on the
west side of Placentia Bay where some ruins of a Chapel are
still shown. We also learn from the above author that they

Howley, D.D.

cruised along the South Coast of Newfoundland as far as Cape
Kay, thence crossing to Cape Breton they founded the settle-
ment of Spanish Bay the name borne, till quite recently, by
Sydney.

A few miles to the South West of Spaniard's Bay* is the
harbour of

BONAVENTURE.

This was a favourite name with the Spaniards and Portuguese.
It means " welcome" or " fortunate" and the application is ob-
vious. It appears on the earliest dated maps which we possess
such as Majollo's A. D. 1527,— and was no doubt ?iven by
Cortereal.

A little to the S. W. of Bonaventure is a harbour called, on
the Maps

BRITISH HARBOUR

" The old name for this place,"! am informed by Canon Smith,

was

HARBOUR

as the harbour is surrounded by

" SHUT-IN

" a most appropriate name,

" high hills which completely shut it in, on every side except the
" entrance thereto. Our fishermen with their general aptitucte
" to mispronounce, "corrupted the name in a manner which may
be imagined but cannot be written. As a sort of compromise
it received the name of Filthy Harbour ! " a most inappropriate
" name and one conferring an altogether unwarranted stigma
'• upon the inhabitants of the place who are and have always been
" noted for cleanliness in their persons and surroundings." It
is evident that the services of the " Nomenclature Committee"
are necessary here.

Between British Harbour and New Bonaventure is a small
place which the fisherman call

CARELESS HARBOUR

this as appears from the maps should be
KERLEY'S HARBOUR
from a man of that name who first settled there.

Between this and the bottom of the Bay there is a large num-
ber of names of small places, not of any historical account and
some of them not very euphonious such as, " Old Tilt," " Gin
Cove," " Bald Nap," " Hatchet Cove," " Butter Cove," " Tea
Cove," &c. No doubt all of them have some local history, or
point to some natural conformation of the land or water. The
only one I wish to allude to particularly just now is

RANDOM

1 Island and Sound. I have not heard any explanation of this
name. It appears on Cook's maps as far back as 1784, and per-
haps even more remotely. It is strange that on some old maps
this Island is called

IRELAND, ^

and at the present day a small island at'.fche N. E. of Random
is called Ireland's Eye. On the French Maps it is simply called
O/7(eye). On Letter's map, 1720, Ireland's Eye. "Fortninga
part of New Bonaventure," I quote from Canon Smith, " are
White Point, George's Cove, and Cafs Cove, White Point is so
named from the appearance of the head itself which is chitfly
composed of white sand stone. George's Cove named after the

•Canon Smith says, this name was given on account of a wreck of a
Spanish ship there many years ago.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

George family of New Harbour, some of that name now live at
Bonaventure.

CATS' COVE

named after the wild cat, locally known as the wood-
cat. "My firm belief is," continues Canon Smith, "that every
place in Newfoundland known as Cat's Cove has been so
named after the wood-martin. That little animal was far more
common on the sea-coast, and that up to quite recent times
within my own memory, than many suppose. When I was a
boy the wood cats were frequently trapped in Smith's Sound
in Trinity Bay. Cat Harbour on the north side of C. Freels
may possibly have been named after the seal-cat, but even this
is doubtful. There are sand-dunes there and in the spring of
1870 I found there stumps of large trees buried in the sand, so
three hundred years ago the place may have been heavily tim-
bered."

Coming Southwards towards the bottom of Trinity Bay we
reach the inlet called

BAY BULLS' ARM.

This name became of world-wide fame about a half a century
since, by the landing there of the shore end of the first Atlantic
cable in 1858. The name is repeated in the well known and
prosperous settlement of Bay Bulls — a few miles south of Saint
John's. The origin of the name, however, is puzzling. Several
suggestions are put forward, but they are not convincing. In
the first place it is doubtful whether the word is originally Eng-
lish or corrupted from the French. Some of the French maps
translate it from the English into Baye ties Taureaux. Others,
however, make a French word of it. Thus M. Baudouin, the
military chaplain of DTberville's army, who, inarching over the
land from Placentia in 1697, captured Ferryland. Bay Bulls,

Whittles Bay and St. John's, writes it Bayc Boulte. The French
word Bouk means a ball or playing bowl, and it has been ap-
plied to the large sized beach stones (galets) which are rounded
like bowls. But as these are common to many harbours it may
be asked, why it should be especially applied to this harbour in
particular. The same may be said of another suggested solu-
tion, viz., that it is derived from the roaring of the water, which
sounds like the bellowing of a bull. But this is heard in many
other harbours, even more so than in Bay Bulls. The name
is found as far back as 1622. In a letter of Captain Daniel
Powells, written from Ferryland to Hon. Secretary Calvert, he
writes of " the Bay of Bulls."

Coming around the Bottom of Trinity Bay we meet the name

CHAPEL ARM.

This name is found repeated in different parts of the Island.
It probably has some connection with Lieutenant Chappel who
in 1813 made A cruise of the shores in H.M.S. Rosamond.
There is also the name

RANTEM,

another mysterious and unexplained name (as far as I know).
It looks like a corruption of Random, or perhaps vice versa.

Coming up the south side of Trinity Biy we have some very
pretty names, such as, Heart's Desire, Heart's Ease. Heart's
Content. The last is the best known as being the terminus of
the Atlantic Cable. Bay Bulls Arm was found unsuitable. The
Chaplain Baudouin, in describing D'Iberville's adventure of
1697, gives this Harbour the name of Havre Content, or Con-
tant or Content Harbour, or Counting Harbour, but I have no
doubt .that he had mistaken the sound of the English name
Heart's Content. He also calls Heart's Ease, Arcisse !

Photo, liy P. Figary.

PLACENTIA SOME VEARS AGO.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

historic Placcntia.

By Wm. F.

GREAT deal has already been written about this
old town, but with a subject abounding with
historical associations of over two and one-half
centuries, much more can be said without ex-
hausting it.

As far as can be gleaned from the records,
Placentia was founded and fortified by the French
about the year 1640. That it was the headquarters of the
Frenchman in Newfoundland is shown by the work of both
Church r.nd State about that time, and up to the signing of the
Treaty of Utrecht, when the fortunes of war had gone against
France both in Europe and America, and the Tri-color was sup-
planted by the " Meteor flag of England" in Placentia.

HON. E. M. JACKMAN,

Minister of Finance and Customs.
Member for District of Placentia and St. Mary's.

A chapel was built here previous to 1650, and in the year
1689 the Bishop of Quebec visited Placentia and established
the Convent ( f Our Lady of the Angels — on that vite where the old
Anglican Church now stands. The records of the foundation
of the Convent, and the Episcopal visitation, are to be found in
the Archiepiscopal Archives of Quebec. The remains of the
old forts show that the work of construction must have cost the
French a fabulous sum of money. That they were well built is
proven by the fact that it was long after all other French por-
tions of Newfoundland had become British that the Flag of

O'Reilly, J.P.

England floated over Castle Hill. What stirring scenes the old
place must have witnessed when England and France battled
for supremacy in and about Fort Louis.

In the year 1713 we find the British ensign flying from the
old French flag-staff on the Hill. The town was again fortified
and garrisoned, and British troops held sway for the next one
hundred years. Then the old English laws which told so hard
on the early settlers were rigidly enforced, and the Surrogate
reigned supreme, administering Justice from the quarter deck.

Several curious old records are in existence here. One
signed Brown. Surrogate, declaring it unlawful to clear a patch
of land in or about Placentia — as late as the year 1800. Under
such conditions it can be readily seen " that progress was not
only retarded but impossible."

In the year 1786, Prince William Henry, afterwards William
IV., visited Placentia and remained over winter. Records show
that on several occasions during his stay he administered Justice
in the Court House which had recently been built. One of the
most interesting events of The Sailor King's wintering in Pla-
centia was that of Edward Collins, who was taken by the Prince
to England, and afterwards rose to the position of Lieutenant in
the Navy. That he was brave, there is not the shadow of a
doubt. After 20 years distinguishing himself in the sea battles
of the day, we find him back again in Placentia, where he died
shortly afterwards. He was a kinsman of the Collinses here.

Antiquarians are well repaid for a sojourn in the old To'.vn
where many old relics of France and England are to be seen.

A grant of land signed by Louis XIV., and countersigned by his
Prime Minister — Phelypaux, reminds us of French days. And
several old English documents, as well as the Communion Plate,
now in the possession of Mr. Bradshaw, are mementoes of
H. R. H. William Henry's visit here.

Of course no one would think of leaving Placentia without
viewing the old ruins of the Forts, and logo away without a
visit to the old Church Yard is a thing not to be thought of.
Here are to be found the old Basque headstones dating as far
back as 1676, which up to a few years ago had defied the most
learned linguists to interpret them.

Since that time His Grace the Archbishop published a pam-
phlet, giving sketches and translations of these engravings, and
so we are again, as on many other occasions, indebted to our
Archbishop for the explanation of many things connected with
the ancient history of Placentia. The inexorable hand of time
is playing sad havoc with these old stones and unless something
be done to preserve them ere long these historic relics — our
connecting link with the old Basque fisherman of 1640 — will
have crumbled into dust. A few days ago His Grace
wrote in the local papers asking to have these stones taken care
of by sonubody for the public. With this suggestion I thor-
oughly agree. These are not private property and something
should be done to keep them from crumbling away, as they are
most intere.sting historical records. The Old Church which has
withstood the wind and weather and high tides, too, of over 150
years, is now nearly down. A new church has been built within
the past year by our Anglican friends.

The Old Court House, another Centenarian, was taken down
a year or two ago.

So much for the musty past — for this time, but much mpre

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

could be told of Ancient French and English Flacenti.i.

Placentia to-day boasts of one of the most beautiful R. C.
Churches in our Island Home. The work was carried on by
the late Rev. M. A. Clancy, who was Parish Priest of Placentia
for many years. It is a monument to his energy and zeal. He
died at his home in Ireland some years ago, but his memory
will ever be held green by the people of Placentia.— May he
rest in peace. At the present time the Rt. Rev. Monsignor
Reardon is erecting a magnificent and costl) altar which he
recently imported from Canada, and which will, when finished,
be in keeping with the rest of our beautiful Church.

Our schools are doing good work. The Convent, presided
over by the ladies of the Presentation Order, is second to none
in the country.

Our scenery is magnificent, and would take the pen of a Walter
Scott to describe it. Who has entered the place, either by rail
along the placid waters of the North East Arm, or by boat be-
tween the historic points of Point Verde and the sheltering
heights of Castle Hill, without being struck with its scenic
beauties ? The Sportsman is also well repaid for a holiday
here. Where can better sport with dog and gun be had than on
the Partridge Grounds ot Cape Shore ? Or where can the
angler find more enjoyment than in the North-East and South-
East Rivers, or in the many pools and rivers along the old road
t) St. John's? By the way. I went over this old road to
Salmonier a few days ago, and it certainly needs repairs if it
is not to be allowed to fall into disuse. Something should be
done because it is a most valuable highway and used not alone
by sportsmen, of which there are numbers, as along this road are
some of the best trout and salmon pools in the country — but
by the fisherman-farmers of Cape Shore who drive cattle in

CAPT. THOMAS BONIA,

Commander of the s.s. Neptune on the Fishery Service.
Member for the District of Placentia and St. Mary's.

The Star of the Sea Hall, built some years ago, is a fine
building, and reflects credit on its members. Another fine
structure is the Court House, which is an ornament to the
town.

The place is prosperous, therefore, the people are happy and
contented. Unfortunately great numbers of our young men
have to "go West" to find employment, the fishery of late years
having been unable to employ all. What is most badly needed
in Placentia is the opening up of some avenue of employment
so that our young men can be kept at home and thus devote their
energies and abilities to the building up of the home land instead
of the American and Canadian cities.

Trade is flourishing — at least our merchants are not com-
plaining— and that should be a good sign of the times. The
old outport prices have long since been consigned to the same
Archives as the old French records. Competition is keen and
the "one per cent" is no longer looked for.

The value of Placentia as a tourist resort is fast becoming
known, each year our visitors both local and foreign are increas-
ing. We have a great deal to offer those who pay us a visit.

MICHAEL S. SULLIVAN,

Land Surveyor.
Member for the District of Placentia and St. Mary's.

large numbers over it every'year to the St. John's market.

By and by when Newfoundland in general, and Placentia in
particular, get better known we expect our share of the " golden
stream" of tourists — from both Eist and West — and thus make
our scenic and sporting resources an asset, and serve the pur-
pose of bringing us in the hard cash.

However, belore we can do much in the tourist traffic, the
first thing Placentia needs is the bridge to connect the north
side — where the Railway terminus is — with the town. To the
most unobservant it must be patent that the large numbers of
people crossing daily cannot be accommodated by the present
means. These boats did well enough a quarter of a century
ago when the number crossing was not one-tenth of those cross-
ing at present — and besides the inconvenience there is also the
danger to life crossing in stormy weather and on the ice.

Too much cannot be said in favor of this bridge but it is too
important a subject to be dealt with at the end of this article,
so I will leave it for the present by assuring you, Mr. Editor, that
the absence of a bridge is the greatest drawback Placentia has.

Placentia, August 2jth, 1906.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

[Photos, by James

RT. REV. MONGR. V. F. REARDON, P.P.

R. C. CHURCH, PLACENTIA.

*£.*

[Photo, by P. Doyle.]

TOWN OF PLACENTIA.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Placcntia as a Courist Resort

" WHERE the sea thro' all the mountains, stretches up long arms between,

Flashing, sweeping, with swift current, like a river rushing on,
Till the tide turns and the current turning too, is seaward drawn,

Skirting mountain btow and valley, changing still, yet still the same,
Opening up unnumbered vistas, fairer far than lands of fame,

Scenes to make an artist famous, to the world as yet unknown,
Lovlier than that Lakeland region, sung by poets of its own.

Nestling in its sea-girt valley, 'midst its mountains forest clad,
Lies Placentia rich in story, that might make an author glad."

From "How We Saw Placentia" by ISABELLA.

LACENTIA has ever been the theme of the writer,
the singer and the historian. Its situation, the
beauty of its scenery and its historic associations
all beget and retain never-failing interest. The
Town proper is situated on a beach thrown up by
the sea, and kept in place by the Atlantic on one
side and the swift strong currents of the South-
East and North-East Arms on the other. It is unique in its

[Photo, by Sol. Young, New York.}

VERY REV. J. J. ST. JOHN, P.P., ARGENTIA.

situation and surroundings. It is flanked and protected by the
towering summits of Castle Hill on the one side, and the beetling
Strouter and fair slopes of Mount Pleasant on the other. The
Arms run inland for miles, and are charming in the beauty and
variety of their scenery. To the angler they supply some of the
very best fishing in Newfoundland. .The tides flow in and out
the Arms every six hours, and to stand on the break-water for
a short time and watch

" The tide that moving seems asleep,

Too full for sound and foam,
When that which drew from out the boundless deep

Turns again home."

is calculated to create a feeling in the observer, akin to hyp-
notism. It fascinates the spectator, and can be gazed on with
pleasure for hours at a stretch. It has beaches capable of drying
and curing thousands of quintals of fish. At one time it was
the opulent centre of a great bank fishery. When we find the
reason why it is more profitable for Placentia men and other
Newfoundlanders, to sail from Gloucester to our local fishing
banks, and catch and carry fish in American craft to American
ports, and when the mysterious obstacles are removed, Placentia
will be the wealthiest town in the Island, as it is better adapted,
as has been proved, to the successful prosecution of the bank
fishery than any other port North or South.

When the people of Placentia realize to the full how profitable
it is to business of every kind, to have large numbers of summer
visitors, they will begin in real earnest to cater to it. Shop-
keepers, hotels, boarding-house keepers, fishermen and farmers,
all will be taxed to their utmost to supply the needs of tourists.

The salmon and sea-trout fisheries of Placentia, if properly-
protected, are worth thousands of dollars annually to the people
of Placentia. It would be very much more profitable to the
residents to have visitors catch their fish, than if they caught
them themselves. The visitors need boarding houses, out-fits,

[Photo by Very Kev.J. St. John.}

SCENE AT A GARDEN PARTY AT ARGENTIA.

guides, boats, carriages, fresh fish, berries, eggs, fresh butter, &c..
and every man, woman and child in the neighbourhood would
be kept busy at profitable employment, to supply them. As an
instance of what may be done in this connection, it may be in-
teresting to cite Yarmouth, Nova Scotia. It is not much larger
than Placentia, and has nothing like Placentia's attractions to
offer to visitors, yet last season it was estimated that its revenue
from tourists amounted to $50,000.00. What a benefit to the
town it would be, if this amount in American gold, were dis-
tributed each year. All the people of Placentia ought to band
together and protect their rivers ; it is everyone's interest to do
so. They then ought to make an effort to advertise their attrac-
tions and in a couple of years, there would be a marked
improvement.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

It is so cisy of access by steam and rail, and it has so many
delightful resorts in its near neighbourhood, that the wonder is,
that it is not flooded with visitors. Up either of the Arms is an
ideal place for a day's outing or picnic parties. Within easy
walking distances is Argentia, a name suggested by the many
signs of silver in the neighbourhood and Silver Cliff Mine,
another beautiful holiday place. Then one can take the steamer
and visit the many islands and towns in the Bay. Burin, Oderin,
Presque, Paradise, Merasheen, Isle Valen, all have a beauty and
variety of their own, and would well repay a visit.

Placentia is represented in the Executive Government by the
Hon. Edward M. Jackman, who holds the portfolio of Finance
Minister. Mr. Jackman is the most successful Minister that has
ever held that office, and reflects credit on his Country as well
as his constituency. He is assisted in his advocacy of the
interests of his District by the genial Captain Tom Bonia. a
practical and successful fisherman, and Mr. M. Sullivan, one of
our most successful young civil engineers. With such ener-
getic representatives, and with all its natural advantages, Pla-
centia ought very soon be among the wealthiest and most pro-
gressive Districts of the Islands.

R. C. CHURCH AND PRESBYTERY, ARGENTIA.

duo Spmphonics.

By Robert Gear MacDonald.

I. MADE a symphony in days gone by
From the discordant music in my soul
Compelled to harmony, and made to roll

In varying movements, while the storm rose high

That 'whelmed the structure I had built so nigh
My heart's red core ; and with a voice of dole
I called it " Love in Ruins," and paid toll

For past delights with many a bitter sigh.

I'll make another symphony some day,
About Love's palace I have reared again

Above the ruin ; I shall celebrate

The julep sweet I have distilled from pain;

And bind the chords together of that lay
With melody springing from a heart elate.

St. John's, September, iyo6.

[P/ioto. by P. Doyle.}

PLACENTIA.'

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Cecilia.

By Rev. Richard Howley, D.D.

ECILIA, V. M., was a rich, beautiful and noble Ro-
man maiden, who suffered and died for the faith of
Christ A.D. 177. Her festival is celebrated by
the Church on Nov. 2 2nd. In the very midst
of the glamour and gaiety of her wedding feast,
— " Cantantibus organis" — while the organ pealed
forth its hymn of rejoicing — Cecilia publicly renewed
the vow of virginity by which she had already consecreated her-
self to God. Nay ! she even prevailed on the young Valerian,
her spouse, to withdraw his claim in favor of that prior and more
spiritual bond. " I have a lover," she said, " you know not of,
an angel of my lord," and "pure be my heart and undefiled my
body."— (Act Sim Holland). To the Prefect she repeated
" I am the Bride of my Lord Jesus Christ." Valerian, with his
brother Tibertins whom he converted to the faith, was baptized
and they both suffered martyrdom before Cecjlia. She was first
condemned to suffocation in a hot-air bath, but survived that
ordeal. Then, partially beheaded by three blows from the
Lictor's axe which left her still alive for two days and nights,
she calmly passed away and brought with her to heaven
her double crown of martyrdom and music.

" The acts," i.e., the detailed facts, of the passing of Cecilia
were carefully noted, and faithfully handed down from age to
age of the Church. They are found in their place in that
rich repository of sacred story the " Acta Sanctorum."

St. Cecilia was entombed in the Great Catacomb of Saint
Callixtus, Pope and Martyr, and close to the body of that
Pontiff. The sacred scene is a great resort of Roman students
and an attraction for Roman visitors of all creeds, tongues and
nations.

The following ode was written for the Cecilian; Society of the
University of Notre Dame on the occasion of their annual tribute
to the Martyr Queen of Song. It was first published in The
Scholastic, the academic organ of Notre Dame, and was after-
wards reprinted in divers journals and periodicals in Europe and
America. It is new, however, I think, to Newfoundland.

Cecilia.

organis Cecilia decantabat Domino." — Ant. in Fest, S. Cm.)

I.
OH mighty Rome ! Oh cruel Rome I

Vassal, at last, to Music's sway !
Hark how thy hollow catacomb
Resounds Cecilia's magic lay !
There, laid by great Callixtus' side

She sleeps in beauty 'mid the just,
Ah, Rome, >jhile runs old Tiber's tide
Enthroned in Song she shall preside

Above thy monumental dust.
Music still breathes from that fair form

Through mute in death — and martyred hosts
Seem thrilled to life, while quick and warm
Around her throng th' enraptured ghosts !

II.

Co IPusic.

Pulse of the Universe — voice of all feeling —

Hymn of earth's gladness and plaint of her woe;
Essence ethereal — rainbow revealing

Glimpses of heaven to us exiles below —
Music DIVINE ! I — God speaks in thy numbers,

His love and His light are thy life and thy spring;
Murmur of spheres while the Spirit world slumbers,

Dreaming while angels low lullabys sing !

Cecilia's Sons.

Hark to the notes that resound to her fingers !

How her soul vibrates to God's mystic breath I
On the glad air how the melody lingers

Song of the swan that gives sweetness to death 1
Clear o'er the spirit strain
Cecilia's sweet refrain

Sounds the full chord
" Clean be my heart to Thee,»
" Thy living light to see,
" Source of all Harmony,
Father and Lord " !

Love spreads his lures : Death lights his fires,

And still she strikes the tuneful string,
To heavenly heights her song aspires

" Clean be my heart to Thee, My King" 1
" Immaculatum" — full and clear

From voice and organ swells the tone
While choirs angelic pause to hear

A music sweeter than their own.

III.

Orison to Cecilia.

Mother of music !— thy bosom is teeming

With melody, fruit of love's bountiful fire !
Virgin ! — thy spirit for ever is beaming

With rays that are struck from the strings of the Lyre.
Martyr Cecilia 1 — Oh bless the devotion

To music and thee that unites our glad throng.
Attune all our hearts, through this sacred emotion,
To cherish thy name and re-echo thy song I
By music's mystic rites,
Banded thy loyal knights
Guarding, for song's delights,

Hearts ever clean,
Ever, Cecilia, be,
To our glad company,
Mistress of Melody,
Patron and Queen.

•" Fiat cor meum immaculatum." — (Ad. Vesp. Stce. Gate.)

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED,

Aval on Steam Cooperage, Limited.

MANUFACTURERS OF ALL CLASSES OF

Tight and Skck Packages and Boxes, Pickle Barrels, Salmon Tierces,
Berry Barrels, Oak Oil Casks, Drums, Fish Casks.

Special Attention paid to SCOTCH PACK HERRING BARRELS.

M illmpn ittpntinn I Best Prices Paid for a11 classes °f

ITIIIIIIILII MllCIIUUM! Cooperage Material. Call Of Write.

Office and V^orks : Brewery Lane,

St. John's, Newfoundland.

St. John's Municipal Council.

PUBLIC NOTICE.

• HE following Section from the Municipal Act, 1902, is published for the information
of the Public, viz.: —

" No person shall build, erect, or put up any building or erection other than such as shall
" be built of brick, stone, or other uninflammable material, and roofed or covered with iron,
" slate, or other uninflammable material, in such parts of the said town as are hereinafter
" described, that is to say :

" On the South side and to the Southward of Duckworth Street ;

" On the South side and to the Southward of George Street ;

" On the South side and to the Southward of a line drawn parallel to and two hundred
feet to the Northward of, the North side of that part of Water Street which lies between
Flower Hill firebreak and Job's Bridge.

" All houses, buildings and erections of wood which since the ninth day of June, in the
year one thousand eight hundred and forty-six, have been already built, or which shall here-
after be built on the South side and to the Southward of Duckworth Street and George
Street aforesaid respectively ; and all houses, buildings and erections of wood which since
the thirty-first day of May, in the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty-one, have
been already built, or which shall hereafter be built on the South side and to the Southward
of the said line drawn parallel to, and two hundred feet to the Northward of the North side
of that part of Water Street which lies between Flower Hill firebreak and Jor/s Bridge, as
aforesaid, shall be public nuisances, and shall be abated as provided by this Act."

By order,

JOHN L. SLATTERY, Secretary.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly'

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Supreme Court of Newfoundland

of Deputy Sheriffs.

SOUTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES. .

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

George Geary.
John T. Fitzgerald.
William Trainer.
Jas. J. Bishop.
Francis R. Curtis.
M. Morrissey.

Fortune Bay

Ferry land

Belleoram

J. Pearce.
Joseph Camp.
Benjamin Chapman.
Albert Kelland.
Matthew Nash.
Prosper A. Garden.
James H. Wilcox.
Henry Gallop.
Thomas B. Doyle.
Abraham Tilley.
M. E. Messervey.
Simeon Jennex.
Daniel J. Gilker.
Geo. Halfyard.

(

Pushthrough

Placentia and St. Mary's.

Harbor Breton

Burgeo

Burgeo and La Poile ....
St. George

Ramea

Rose Blanche

Peter Manning.
Howard Parsons.
Stephen White.
Cyrus Heck, sr.

Channel

Codroy

i if

Grand River

Robinson's Head

St. George — Sandy Pt. .

William G. Pittman.
Eli Harris.

Wood's Island

Bay of Islands

St. Barbe .

NORTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

St. Anthony

St. Barbe

James Johnson.

King's Cove
Bonavista

Bonavista

Noah Burge.
Isaac Manuel.
John W. James.
Noah Miller.
Edmond Benson.
R. Currie.
Caleb Tuck.
George Janes.
George Leawood.

S -'

((

Wm. A. Toms.
Constable T. Walsh.
P. J. Leary.
Peter Campbell.
Thomas Roberts.
William Lanning.
Peter Moores.
J. T. Bendle.
George S. Lilly.
Alfred G. Young.
William Baird.

Catalina ! .

Trinity

Bonaventure

Northern Bight

Pilley's Island

Britannia Cove

(

Shoal Harbor

(

Clarenville

(

Foster's Point

Eliel Noseworthy.

Charles Rendell.
A. Targett.
Moses Bursey.
Reuben Curtis.
Eli Garland.
Ewen Kennedy.
Ernest Forward.
John Trapnell.

A. Hieilihy.
Benjamin Butler.

James Murphy.
William Maher.
William Butler.
A. E. Rees.
John H. Bennett.
Edward Harding.

New Harbor •

Ambrose Fitzgerald.
George Foster.
Philip Perry.

„

Old Perlican

Bay de- Verde

„

Lower Island Cove. . . .
Western Bay

„

Robert Pike.
Adam Bradley.
N. Gillingham.
Jacob Hefferton.
Wm. Sainsbury.
Peter Roberts.

„

Harbor Grac°

)

„

Port -de-Grave

\
u

Conception Harbor . . .

„

Thomas Wornell.
Charles Kean.
Mark Gibbons.

Gambo

Middle Bight

Brooklyn

Bell Isl'd — Lance Cove.
Bell Island— Beach
Portugal Cove

St John's East

Salvage

John Burden.

Alexander Bay

September jyo6.

JAMES CARTER, Sheriff, Newfoundland.
W. J. CARROLL., Suhb-SerifF,

Parlor, Dining and
Office Furniture.

Church Seats.

Venetian Blinds
Made to Order.

]. T. MARTIN, .*

Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer,

38 New Cower Street.

Repairing Furniture Horses and Vans for

a Specialty. Removing Pianos, &c.

M.&E. Kennedy

Contractors & Builders.

Dealers in Pressed and Stock Brick, Selenite, Plaster, Sand,
Drain Pipes, Cement, Chimney Tops, &c.

(C^All orders in the Carpentry, Masonry, and all classes
of work in the Building Business, promptly attended to.
OFFICE AND RESIDENCE:

38 Henry Street, ^ St. John's, Nfld.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly.'

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Published by Authority

-the recommendation of the Minister of Agriculture and Mines,
His Excellency the Governor in Council has been pleased to direct
that the following piece of land be leserved from lease or grant, namely: —
All that piece or parcel of land, situate and being inland from Bay Saint
George, commencing at a point at the intersection of the South boundary
of Lot 15 granted to the Reid-Newfoundland Company, with the North-
East boundary of land granted to the New York, Newfoundland and Lon-
don Telegraph Company, Limited, running thence East (true) twelve miles,
thence South (true) to a line, the Eastern intersection of the South bound-
ary of Lot 13 granted to the Reid-Newfoundland Company; thence West
to the South-East angle of Lot 13 aforesaid, and thence by the said lot, by
mining locations leased to Honourable Philip Cleary, and by the aforesaid
land granted to the New York, Newfoundland and Ixjndon Telegraph
Company, Limited, to the point of commencement.

R. BOND,

Colonial Secretary.
Secretary! Office, 281/1 August, 1906.

[very Shelf in the House

Is fitted with Goods just opened for

Tall and Winter
Display.

'T'HESF. goods have been personally selected from the stocks
of best manufacturers on both sides of the water. They
include Overcoatings, Suitings, Trouserings, Fancy Vestings,
Tweeds, Cheviots, Beavers, Meltons, Vicunas, etc., of the latest
and most up-to-date patterns. Drop us a postal for samples or
self-measuring cards.

W. P. SHORTALL,

The American Tailor,

300 Water Street.

• THE

"THREE MILE LIMIT."

I JNDER the provisions of an Act passed in the last Session

of the Legislature it is provided as follows : —
'• No person being the Owner, Manager, or Operator of a
Saw Mill, his Servant or Agent, Contractor or Sub-Contractor,

Shall Cut Timber, or
Purchase Timber Cut

on any ungranted Crown Lands, under a penalty of Twenty
Dollars for every tree cut or purchased, to be recovered in
a summary manner before a Stipendiary Magistrate: Provided,
that any owner of a mill not holding a license to cut timber
under the provisions of this Act who shall within six months
from the date of this Act (loth May, 1906,) make application
for a License to Cut Timber under the provisions of the " Crown
Lands Act, 1903," shall not be liable to the penalties herein
provided for the cutting of timber or the purchasing of timber
cut on Crown Lands during any time that may elapse until the
determination of his application by the Governor in Council."

It is also provided by the same Act that " Annual Licenses
may issue to bona fide Fishermen, who have had in operation,
before 3ist March, 1906, mills for the purpose of manufacturing
Cooperage Material, Shingles, Lobster Boxes, or Lobster Laths,
and who do not manufacture, in addition thereto, in one year,
more than 10,000 feet of lumber. Such licenses expire on 3oth
November of each year, and are issued free of rent or royalty."

Sub-Section 5, of Section i, of said Act, provides, " that a
royalty of ten cents per thousand shall be paid by all mill owners,
holding annual licenses, on all Shingles manufactured in or by
his mill."

J. A. CLIFT,

Minister Agriculture and Mines.
St. John's, June 6th, ipo6.

NEWFOUNDLAND

LIME-SAND BRICKS.

(Size— 9 x 4)4 x 3).

WE GUARANTEE THESE BRICKS

As Good and Cheaper _
Than any Imported Brick.

GOOD PRESSED f ACE-BRICKS

Selling at Lowest
Market Rates by The

NEWFOUNDLAND BRICK & MANUFACTURING Co., Ltd.,

E. H. & G. DAVEY, Managers.

Telephone, 345. Brick Plant Works, JOB'S Cove.

Water Street, St. John's.

JOHN KEAN,

14 ADELAIDE STREET.
ttf

Boots and Shoes

Made of Best Waterproof Leather.
<£

Seal Skins a Specialty*

JS^Outport Orders Solicited.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Anglo- American Telegraph Co.,

Limited.

IN CONNECTION WITH

Western Union Telegraph Company of America.
Great North Western Telegraph Company of Canada,

AND THE

Postal System of the United Kingdom.

CITY OFFICES:

Mechanics Building,

Opposite Harvey 4 Go's Wharf, . . EAST END.

Exchange Building,

(Main Office) Bank Square CENTRAL.

Balmoral Hotel,

Opposite General Post Office, . . WEST END.

In direct communication with all parts of the world through Company's system.
Telephone No. 378 for Messenger.

MONEY TRANSFER DEPARTMENT.

Money transferred by telegraph promptly and safely to and
from all parts of Canada and the United States.

St. John's, Newfoundland.

C. SfillTH, General Superintendent.

•

WE ARE SHOWING

A special line of Fancy Vestings, which
are most suitable for fall or winter wear.

STYLE ^ AND # COMFORT

are displayed in our special Woolen
Vest, and within the reach of all.

JACKMAN The Tailor.

TEA!

Direct from Ceylon

A large shipment just to hand : 5, 10 and 20 Ib. Boxes.
50 Ib. Chests, from 20 cts. per Ib. upwards.

Three Choice Brands CHINA TEA,

20 Ib. Boxes, 30, 40 and 50 cts. per Ib.

IRISH HAMS and BACON.

American Hams and Bacon.

P. Ei. I. Butter, in prints and tubs.
Choice Canadian Cheese.

J
•

2SI Water Street,
St. John's.

Follow the Crowd « Save Money.

Call and get our prices before you buy your winter's supply of

PROVISIONS.

Big Stock, || Low Prices.

Don't forget the address :

P. H. COXA/AN & Go's.

New Store, opposite Harvey & Go's, premises.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Cbc Dew municipal Council.

HE new Municipal Council, whose illustrations are
shown in this number, were elected by the citizens
in June last and assumed office early in July.
The majority are new to municipal life; two only
of the old body who governed the city during the
past four years are amongst the number, viz. : —
Councillors Ellis and Kennedy, the former having
received from his fellow townsmen the largest vote yet recorded
for a candidate for municipal honours, giving him the position
of Deputy Mayor ; the latter closely followed him with the
second highest vote. Each having respectively 2,369 and
2.257 votes.

The new Mayor, M. P. Gibbs, is a native of the West End of
the City and has been before the public for some years, having
been ident:fied with public life in various ways. He represented
the District of St. George's in the Legislature under the Winter
Government, and was a candidate for the same District in the
last general election. He was one of the Governors of the
Savings Bank, and one of the Leaders of the Conservative
party to which he did belong. He has had a close connection
with the trade and labor organizations of the City, from which
sources he received substantial support in his candidature for
the Mayoralty and helped him to roll up over 2,000 votes.
Since his assumption of office he has been most painstaking in
his efforts to fulfill the obligations of the high and honourable
position of Mayor of this City.

The Senior Councillor, W. J. Ellis, is a member of the House
of Assembly for Ferryland, which seat he was elected to at the
last general election. He is Vice-President of the Total Abstin-
ence and Benefit Society, the largest organization in this city,
and has been identified with it since boyhood. He is well known
as one of our foremost contractors, and has a reputation for
probity and honesty of the highest character. He brings to the
new board four years experience of city government ; this, coupled
with his characteristic fair-mindedness and sound judgment
marks him as a Councillor of the most valuable type.

Councillor M. J. Kennedy, like Councillor Ellis, is a promin-
ent contractor, a member of the firm of M. &. E. Kennedy, and
has held office for four years. He has been also a foremost
member of the Total Abstinence Society for many years and
held an Executive seat for some time. Since his fellow citizens
honoured him with a seat at the board he has devoted his
energy, ability and time in assisting his brother Councillors in
all matters for the well being of his native city in a manner that
fully justifies the confidence placed in him.

Councillor John Carew is a well known figure in the city, and
one, who though it is his first time to secure election, has been
more or less a factor in the municipal and political life of the
city. Four years ago he received very substantial support for a
seat at the Municipal Board, and came within an ace of being
elected. His vote at the recent election was 2,070, and he was
third amongst the candidates returned. He is a man of mature
judgment, a good citizen, and is a valuable acquisition to the
Council.

Councillor S. G. Collier, the well known wheelwright, has
been in the public eye for some time. He contested St. John's
West for a seat in the Legislature, and though not elected
received a very substantial vote. Mr. Collier occupies the hi^h
office of President of the Soiib of England, one of the leading

fraternal organizations of the city, and stands well amongst all
classes of the community. He has shown a capacity for his new
office which stamps him as a man who will retain the esteem
and confidence his fellow townsmen and the citizens generally
hold him in.

There is no better known man in the community than
Councillor John Cowan. He has had a long connection with
the trade of the City and country and brings to the new board
a great deal of practical knowledge and ripe judgment which
will be most valuable to the city. He has represented Bona-
vista in the House of Assembly and has held for a time the
position of Receiver General of the Colony. He is a member
of the firm of P. H. Cowan & Co. Though new to the civic
government, Mr. Cowan may be considered one of the most
capable Councillors of the present body.

Councillor James T. Martin who received the sixth place in
the election in June last is a favourably known citizen. He is
an undertaker and furniture dealer, who by his energy and
hard work has brought himself to the front. Mr. Martin is an
active member of the St. Vincent de Paul, Star of the Sea, and
Total Abstinence Societies, in each of which he is held in es-
teem. Since Mr. Martin took his seat at the board he has
shown a disposition for his work that fully justifies the support
given him by his friends and fellow citizens.

The new Councillors have taken charge of affairs at a time
the most prosperous in the history of the City. Labour is
plentiful and everywhere prosperity abounds. The Auxiliary
Water Service inaugurated by the late board has engaged the
almost undivided attention of the present body, and a vigorous
effort is being made to push the work to a completion and by
the coming winter have the water to the higher points of the
City. As the City is steadily and surely expanding, the open-
ing of new thoroughfares, the extension of Water and Sewerage,
improvement of the Sanitary and Lighting Systems, and much
other important and necessary Municipal work will tax the
attention of the present board during the coming four years.

THE photograph of the Secretary of the Council is also pub-
lished by us. John L. Slattery, Secretary and Cashier of the
Municipal Council, has held that position since the year 1890.
He has proved himself a thoroughly competent and trustworthy
official. In an office where he daily comes in contact with citi-
zens with " a grievance," he has managed to give more than
ordinary satisfaction. He has been a life-long member of the
Total Abstinence Society ; he holds a prominent place in the
Benevolent Irish Society, and during the last fifteen years con
tributed largely, by his earnestness and ability, to the phenom
enal success of that venerable body. He is an ardent cricketer
and takes a deep interest in all athletic sports. As a civic
official, requiring a knowledge of ways and means, and the gen-
eral needs of the city, he has no superior. His large experience,
and his good business training, are invaluable to the successful
working of the Council. — ED.

t I

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

MICHAEL P. (51 UBS, B.L.,

Mayor of St. John's.

WIIL'AM J. ELMS. M.H A.,
I'epnty Major.

SAMUEL G. COLLIER, M.C.

JOHN COWAN, M.C.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

MICHAFL J. KENNEDY, M.C.

JOHN CAREW, M.C.

JAMES T. MARTIN. M .

JOHN L. SLATTERY, SEJ-TREAS. M.C.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Carboncar ana its points oT interest

By M. J. Hawker.

Article

TOWN OK CARKONEAR.

" HISTORIC town of Carbonear,

Surrounded by its sloping hills;
And lying in a valley fair,

Wherein flow many rippling rills."

X Carlyle's " Advice on reading," he says among
many other excellent tilings, " Past History, and
especially the past history of one's own native
country, — everybody may be advised to begin
with that." THK NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY
is certainly encouraging that idea by publishing
articles on the several towns and settlements of
"Our Island Home." Carbonear, one of our oldest towns,
possesses an interesting history. It would be impossible to do
justice to it in a single article. Carbonear is situated on the
west side of the beautiful Bay of Conception, and is the nearest
seaport to its entrance and accessible all the year round. Its
name was probably derived from that of similar sound given
by the early fishermen to the codfish, of which an abundance
was found there. It was first settled in the early part
of the seventeenth century, though visited by the fisher-
men of France, Spain and Portugal in the sixteenth century.
The first settlers probably were some of those of Guy's colony
that settled in Cupids in 1610, and another company by Hay-
man's at " Bristol's Hope" (Harbor Grace).

Carbonear has a population of five thousand, and a trade
population of twenty-five thousand, made up from the adjoining
districts of Harbor Grace, Bay-de-Verde, and the south-east side
of Trinity Bay. The adjoining District of Bay-de-Verde having no
safe harbour naturally uses that of Carbonear for its trade. The
situation is pleasant. The harbour, about three miles in length
and a mile in width, protected by an Island a. mile in length at
its mouth, with a bold entrance and free from rocks and shoals,
and with good anchorage, is a safe port of refuge. The
hills slope away on either side and run west the shape of a
horse-shoe. Four miles inside the strand, at the bottom of the

harbour, is a beautiful valley, which
is dotted with neat farms and resi-
dences and near which are small
lakes where the " speckled beau-
tiees" play.

The principal part of the town
is on the north side. The streets
run parallel to the water front,
which is nearly straight, intersected
by spacious cross streets running
north, thus dividing the principal
portion of the town into squares.
The houses are well built, mostly
of wood, and large spaces between
them and generally surrounded by
small fields and gardens, which keep
the town nice and airy. Carbonear
can boast of three fine churches —
Roman Catholic, Methodist and
Church of England, — all of them
capable of seating about 1,000
each, and containing fine organs

and well furnished in every particular. It has also two public
halls, Salvation Army barracks, seven schools, postal telegraph
and customs buildings, and spacious court house and police
barracks and -several fine hotels. Up to about fifteen ;'years. ago
its trade was at a stand-still, but since that time it has gone up
by leaps and bounds, so that to-day it has the largest trade out-
side the City of St. John's. At the time of the " Bank Crash"
not one establishment was closed, and the large trade done with
Harbor Grace was taken over completely, as well as a large
proportion of that of Biy-de-Verde District formerly done by
Harbor Grace. What saved the trade of Carbonear was, that its
trade was not centred in one or two firms, but distributed over
some twenty or more. About one hundred vessels lie up in its
port during the winter season. The town has one of the finest
water supplies in the country, brought from a lake four mile^
distant. The capital of the Water Company was $30,000.

An electric light plant has recently been installed, with power
from Rocky Lake. The same plant supplies the towns of Harbor
Grace and Heart's Content. A furniture factory and a boot and
shoe factory were started a few years ago and are progressing.
An up-to-date boot and shoe factory was built this season, and
a large number of residences and business places were also
erected. Carbonear is the terminus of the Conception Bay
branch of railway, and the station is in the centre of the town.
Two regular trains run daily each way, morning and evening.
The s.s. Ethie plys twice weekly between Carbonear and Trinity
Bay, connecting with the railway.

Facilities in abundance for all sorts of pastime and sports are
there: cricket, football, cycling, fishing, good shooting, etc. As
a health resort it is becoming quite popular, and the number of
visitors is increasing rapidly each year.

As space is limited I presume the remaining good things and
description of the dear old town of Carbonear must remain for
our next article.

The accompanying view presents the town as seen from
Saddle Hill on the Harbor Grace Road, looking north.
Carbonear, September, 1906.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

OFFICE AND STORE — Adelaide Street. STONEYARD — Just East Custom
House, Water Street. Telephone, 364.

W.J.ELLIS,

Contractor, Builder, and Appraiser.

Dealer in Cement, Selenite, Plaster, Sand, Mortar, Brick, Drain Pipes,
Bends, Junctions and Traps; Chimney Tops, all sires, and Plate Glass.

Estimates Given for all kinds of Work at Shortest Notice.

PROCLAMATION

WM. MACGREGOR
Governor.

[L.S.]

HEREAS it is provided by Chapter 23 of 2 Eward VII.,
entitled "An Act to amend the Post Office Act, 1891,"
that upon the recommendation of the Board appointed under the
provisions of the said Act, the Governor in Council shall by
Proclamation give notice of any alteration of name, naming or
re-naming of places within this Colony, provided that Public
Notice of such proposed alteration of name, naming, or re-nam-
ing of places shall have been given for Three Months previous;
And whereas by Public Notice, of date the 6th day of March,
1906, certain alterations of name and re-naming of places within
this Colony were notified, as required by the above-mentioned
Act ;

I do, therefore, by this my Proclamation, order and direct
that the alterations of name and re-naming of places within this
Colony, as contained in the said Public Notice of the 6th of
March, 1906, shall come into effect from the date of these
presents, that is to say : —

1. Ragged Harbour, District of Trinity, to be re-named
" Melrose " ;

2. Western Arm, Rocky Bay, District of Fogo, to be re-named
" Carmanville " ;

3. Grand River Gut, Codroy Valley, District of St. George,
to be re-named " Searston " ;

4. Flat Islands, District of Bonavista, to be re-named
" Samson " ;

5. Spaniard's Bay, District of Trinity, to be re-named
" Spaniard's Cove";

6. Fox Island, Bay d' Espoir, District of Fortune, to be
re-named " Isle Galet " ;

7. Cat's Cove, Conception Bay, District of Harbour Main,
to be re-named " Avondale North ";

8. Middle Bight, District of Harbour Main, to be re-named
" Codner " ;

9. Crabb's, District of St. George, to be re-named "Crabbe's."
Given under my Hand and Seal, at the Government House,

St. John's, this i8th day of June, A.D., 1906.
By His Excellency's .Command,

ARTHUR MEWS,

Deputy Colonial Secretary.

_ The Old-Established and Weil-Known Wheelwright Factory of

S. G. COLLIER,

WALDEGRAVE STREET,

LJ AS every facility for the manufacture and repair of Carriages, Sleighs,
Carts, and Vehicles of every description. A power plant of the
Finest Type of Modern Machinery gives us unequalled facilities for turning
out the best work. Vehicles of every description repaired on time ; no
delays. Rubber Tyres adjusted at a moment's notice.

If? UNDERTAKING A SPECIALTY.

In the matter of the Act to provide for the

and Liquidation of the Union Bank of Newfound-
land and the Acts in amendment thereof.
I^OTICE is hereby given that all parties having any claims
against the Union Bank of Newfoundland, or its assets
or estate, are required to give notice thereof to the undersigned
Receivers and Liquidators, at their office, Martin Building,
Water Street, Saint John's, Newfoundland, on or before the
First day of December, A. D. 1906, after which date the said
Receivers and Liquidators will proceed to pay a final dividend
and to distribute the assets of the said Bank and to wind up the
said Bank, having regard only to those claims of which they
then shall have had notice.

Dated at St. John's, this 28th day of August, A. D. 1906.

JAMES GORDON,
JAMES R. KNIGHT,
• JAMES D. DYAN,

JAMES RYAN,
Receivers and Liquidators of the Union Bank of Newfoundland.

NOTICE TO

Ship Owners.

NOTICE is hereby given that all the provisions

'* of the Merchant's Shipping Acts and of the

Rules made thereunder in respect of Life Saving
Appliances will be rigidly enforced, and that when
a notice is received from any Surveyor of Ships
appointed by the Governor under the provisions of
Section 727, of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894,
any ship is not properly provided with Life Saving
Appliances, all Customs Officers will be instructed
to refuse a clearance to any such ship until a Certi-
ficate under the hand of any such Surveyor is pro-
duced to the effect that the said ship is properly
provided with Life Saving Appliances in conformity
with the said Act.

ELI DAWE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Marine and Fisheries' Department,
St. John's, Nftd., September, 1906.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Department of Agriculture and Mines.

the CROWN

published for

THE following extracts from
LANDS ACT, 1903, are
general information : —

Ordinary Sale of Crown Lands.

Crown Lands for agricultural purposes, and in 20 acre lots,
are open for sale at 30 cents per acre and upwards.

Grants for more than 20 acres contain conditions for clearing
and cultivating.

Licenses of occupation of areas not exceeding 6400 acres are
issued on payment of a fee of $5 per 160 acres, subject to fol-
lowing conditions : — (i) To settle within two years one family for
each 1 60 acres ; (2) To clear, per year, for five years, two acres
for every hundred held under license. If families remain on the
land and cultivation continues for ten years, licensee will be
issued a Grant in Fee.

Bog Lands.

Lands declared to be bog lands, under the Act, may be leased
in 5,000 acre lots, for such term, at such rent, and on such con-
ditions as may be determined .upon by the Governor in Council.

Quarries.

Timber and Timber Lands.

The right to cut timber is granted upon payment of a bonus
of $2 per square mile, an annual rental of $2 per square mile,
and also a royalty of 50 cents per thousand feet, board measure,
on all logs cut. Rent, royalty or other dues not paid on date
on which they become due bear interest at 6 per cent, per
annum until paid. Rents become due and payable on 30th
November each year. Lands approved to be surveyed and have
boundaries cut within one year. Persons throwing sawdust or
refuse of any kind from mills into rivers, etc., are liable to a
penalty of $100 for each offence.

Pulp Licenses.

Holders of timber or pulp licenses may not export trees, logs
or timber in unmanufactured state.

Holders of timber and pulp licenses may not cut timber on
ungranted Crown Lands.

Mineral Lands.

• Any person may search for minerals, and on discovery of a
vein, lode or deposit of mineral may obtain a license thereof in
the following way: (i) Driving a stake not less than 4 inches
square into the ground, leaving 18 inches over ground ; name
of person and date to be written on stake. Application for
license to be filed with affidavit (see Act for particulars) within
two months. Cost of license for first year is $10 for each loca-
tion. Subsequent rentals : ist year, $20 ; 2nd, to and including
5th year, $30 ; for next period of five years, $50 ; and for fol-
lowing years $ioo.

Upon expenditure of $6000 within five years, lessee shall be
entitled to a Grant in fee.

Licenses for larger areas may also be granted upon terms set
forth in the Act.

Further information may be had on application to

J. A. CLIFT,

Minister of Agriculture and Mines.
Department of Agriculture and Mines,

St. John's, Newfoundland, September, 1906.

Customs Circular

N(X 15.

A deposit equal to the duty shall be taken on such articles as
Cameras, Bicycles, Trouting Poles, Fire-arms, Tents, Canoes,
and tent equipage. A receipt (No. i) according to the form
attached shall be given for the deposit and the particulars of
the articles shall be noted in the receipt as well as in the
marginal cheques. Receipt No. 2 if taken at an outport office
shall be mailed at once directed to the Assistant Collector,
St. John's, if taken in St. John's the Receipt No. 2 shall be sent
to the Landing Surveyor.

No groceries, canned goods, wines, spirits or provisions of
any kind will be admitted free and no deposit for a refund may
be taken upon such articles.

H. W. LeMESSURIER,

Assistant Collector.

CUSTOM HOUSE,

St. John's, Newfoundland, 22nd June, iyoj.

NEWFOUNDLAND PENITENTIARY.

BROOM DEPARTMENT.

Brooms, & Hearth Brushes, & Whisks.

O^y All orders addressed to the undersigned will receive prompt
attention.

ALEX. A. PARSONS, Superintendent.

Newfoundland Penitentiary, September, 1906.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE ... _

NEWFOUNDLAND „

QUARTERLY.

Christmas Dumber.

JOHN J. EVANS, PRINTER "AND PROPRIETOR.

k VOL. VI.— NO. 3.

DECEMBER, I9O6.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

The Attractions
of this Store

. .f. .ARE. . . .

The largest and most
varied Stock in the
Colony at

The Lowest Prices

consistent with quality.

Any amount of Suitable
Goods for Xmas Presents.

CALLAHAN, GLASS & CO.,

Duckworth and
Cower Streets.

BAIRD, GORDON & Co.

THE CORNER SHOP:

A full stock of Staple and Fancy Dry Goods, Boots and
Shoes, Lines, Twines, Cordage, and Cotton Duck.

THE PROVISION STORE:

Entrance from Cove. Always on hand — Flour, Pork,
Beef, Molasses, &c. Good value and at lowest market
rates. (QpOutport friends will please notice that we
are prepared to handle

Fish, Oil, Lobsters, Furs,

and other produce on the most favourable terms.
Storage and Wharf facilities.

Baird's Building East side of Cliffs Cove.

OFFICE AND STORE — Adelaide Street. STONEYARD — Just East Custom
House, Water Street. Telephone, 364.

W. J. ELLIS,

Contractor, Builder, and Appraiser.

Dealer in Cement, Selenite, Plaster, Sand, Mortar, Brick, Drain Pipes,
Bends, Junctions and Traps; Chimney Tops, all sizes, and Plate Glass.

Estimates Given for all kinds of Work at Shortest Notice.

Parlor, Dining and
Office Furniture.

Church Seats.

Venetian Blinds
Made to Order.

. T. MARTIN,^

Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer,

38 New Cower Street.

Repairing Furniture Horses and Vans for

a Specialty. Removing Pianos, &c.

O'GRADY,

Painter, Glazier,
Paper Hanger,

and

House Decorator*

i^=OUTPORT ORDERS
SOLICITED.

WORKSHOP: IS QUEEN STREET.

ST. JOHN'S, N. F.

^Pullic Notice.

'T'HE following Sections of the Act entitled, — " Of the Exportation,
*• Sale, etc., of Bait Fishes," are published for general information.

SECTION i. — No person shall —

1. Export or cause or procure to be exported or assist in the expor-
tation of ; or

2. Haul, catch, take or have in his possession for the purpose of
exportation ; or

3. Purchase or receive in trade or barter for the purpose of expor-
tation ; or

4. Take, ship or put or haul on board, or assist in taking, shipping, or
hauling on board of any ship or vessel for any purpose whatever ; or

5. Carry or convey on board of any ship or vessel for any purpose
whatever,

any herring, caplin, squid or other bait fishes from, on or near any
part of this Colony or its dependencies, or from or in any of the
bays, harbours or other places therein, without a license in writing
to be granted and issued as hereinafter provided.

SECTION 9. — Any person who shall violate any of the provisions of
Section I of this Chapter or any of the subsections thereof; or

1. Use, dispose of or deal with any bait fishes otherwise than in accord-
ance with the terms of the affidavit made upon application for a license or
with the terms of such license ; or

2. Make any untrue statement in any affidavit upon application for a
license under this ""hapter ; or

3. Obtain a license under this Chapter by means of any false statement
or misrepresentation, or by the suppression or concealment of any
material fact,

shall be liable for every first offence to a penality not exceeding one
thousand dollars or imprisonment for a period not exceeding twelve
months.
Any person convicted of a second or subsequent offence under this

Chapter shall, on conviction, be subject to imprisonment with hard labor

for a period of not less than twelve months.

ELI DAWE,

Minister of Maiine & Fisheries,

per W. B. PAYN.

Office of Marine and Fisheries, October 31, 1906.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Post Office Department

Parcels may be Forwarded by Post at Rates Given Below.
In the case of Parcels, for outside the Colony, the senders will ask for Declaration Form, upon which the Contents and Value must be Stated

FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND
LABRADOR.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM.

FOR UNITED STATES.

FOR DOMINION OF
CANADA.

I pou

2 poll
3

4
1

8
9

See
ii
'4

23
26
29
32

35
35
Under i Ib
per 2 oz.

nts

24 «
24
24
48

48
48
48
72
72
72
72

No parcel
less than

15 cents.
30 ••

45
60

75
90
j!i .05

Cannot exceed seven pounds
weight.

No parcel sent to D. of C. for
less than 15 cents.

nds

if, "

d8 "

60 "

84 "

06 "

4 .

Ji 08

i 20 . .

k •

weight, i cent

sent to UK. for
24 cents.

No parcel sent to U. S. for
less than 12 cents.

N.B. — Parcel Mails between Newfoundland and United States can only be exchanged by direct Steamers : say Red Cross Line to and from New York ;

Allan Line to and from Philadelphia.
Parcel Mails for Canada are closed at General Post Office every Tuesday at 3 p.m., for despatch by " Bruce" train.

General Post Office.

THE Rates of Commission on Money Orders issued by any Money Order Office in Newfoundland to the United States
of America, the Dominion of Canada, and any part of Newfoundland are as follows : —

For sums not exceeding J>io . . .' ........................ 5 cts. Over $50, but not exceeding ?6o ........................ 30 cts.

Over $10, but not exceedir.g $20 ........................ 10 cts. Over $60, but not exceeding $70 ........................ 35 cts.

Over $20, but not exceeding $30 . . , ..................... i ^ cts. Over $70, but not exceeding S8o ........................ 40 cts.

Over $30, but not exceeding §40 ........................ 20 cts. Over $80, but not exceeding $90 ........................ 45 cts.

Over #40, but not exceeding $50 ........................ 25 cts. Over $90, but not exceeding $100 ....................... 50 cts.

Maximum amount of a single Order to any of the ABOVE COUNTRIES, and to offices in NEWFOUNDLAND, $100.00, but as
many may be obtained as the remitter requires.

General Post Office St. John's, Newfoundland, November, 1906. H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

General Post Office. j| Postal Telegraphs.

CABLE BUSINESS.

•JEREAFTER Cable Messages for all parts of the world will be accepted for transmission
over Postal Telegraph lines and cable to Canso, N. S., at all Postal Telegraph Offices in
this Colony.

INLAND.

TELEGRAMS for the undermentioned places in Newfoundland are now accepted for transmission at all Postal Telegraph
Offices in the Colony and in St. John's at the Telegraph window in the Lobby of the General Post Office, at Office in Court
House, Water Street, and in Building at King's Wharf, at the rate of Twenty Cents for Ten words or less, and Two Cents for
each additional word. The address and signature, however, is transmitted free: —

Avondale

Badger

Bale Verte (Little Bay N.)

Baine Harbor

Bay-de-Verde

Bay L'Argent

Bay Roberts

Beaverton

Belleoram

Birchy Cove (Bay of Islds.

Bonavista

Bonne Bay

Botwoodville

Britannia Cove

Brigus

Brigus Junction

Burin

Carbonear
Cape Race
Catalina
Change Islands
Clarenville
Come-By-Chance
Conception Harbor
Crabb's Brook
Fogo
Fortune
Gam bo
Gander Bay
Glenwood
Grand Bank
Grand Falls
Grand Lake
Grand River

Greenspond

Hant's Harbor

Harbor Breton

Harbor Grace

Harbor Main

Heart's Content

Herring Neck

Holyrood

Howards

Humber Mouth (R.H., B.I.)

King's Cove

King's Point (S.W.A.,G.B.)

I^amaline

Lewisport

Little Bay

Little River

Lower Island Cove

Manuels

Millertown Junction

Musgrave Harbor

New Perlican

New town

Nipper's Harbor

Norris' Arm

N. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Old Perlican

Pilley's Island

Port-au-Port (Gravels)

Port-aux-Basques(Channel)

Port Blandford

Stephenville Crossing

St. George's

St. Jacques

St. John's

St. Lawrence

Sandy Point

Scilly Cove

Seldom-Come-By

Sound Island

S. W. Arm (Green Bay)

Terenceville (head of

Fortune Bay)
Terra Nova
Tilt Cove
Topsails
Trinity
Twillingate
Wesleyville
Western Bay
Whitbourne

Long Harbor

Postal Telegraph Message Forms may be obtained at any Post Office in the Colony, and from Mail Clerks on Trains and Steamers. If the sender
desires, the message may be left with the Postmaster, to be forwarded by mail Free of Postage to nearest Postal Telegraph Office.

Postmaster General.

H. J.

General Post Office, St. John's, Newfoundland, November, 1906.

B. WOODS,

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

SCANTLING, 5x5 to JOxJO*
STUDDING, all sizes*

JOISTING, 2 & 3 in. thick,

assorted lengths.
We have also a full stock of
SEASONED BOARD IN STORE.

All selling at the Lowest Market Prices.
Purchasers will get good value for their
money.

W. & G. RENDELL

Xmas Groceries!

Almond, Hazel and Walnuts, Spices,
Mixed Peels, Flavoring Extracts,
Jams, Jellies, Syrups.

Irish Hams, Bacon, Pigs' Heads.

Jacob's Cake, Biscuits, Shortbread.
Irish Butter, P. E. Island Butter.

Christmas Poultry.

J. D. RYAN.

PHCENIX

Assurance Co., Ltd.,

Ife STA B LTstn? 5"i7a"a^

Of LONDON, ESTABLISHED 1782.

Annual Premiums ................. $7,500,0x30

Fund held to meet losses . .......... 9,500,000

Uncalled Capital . . . : .......... .. . . . 12,000,000

& G. RENDELL,

ST. JOHN'S. Agent for Nfld.

Useful Goods!

....SUITABLE FOR,...

Christmas Presents.

LADIES' Fur Setts, Lace Collars, Hand-Bags,
Wool Golf Jerseys, Cream and Black Silk
Shirt- Waists, Silk Handkerchiefs, Wool Lined
Kid Gloves, Aprons and Pinafores.

GENTS' Hockey Jerseys, Silk Umbrellas,
Mufflers, Scarves, Ties, Wool Lined Kid
Gloves, Silk Handkerchiefs.

A Large Variety of Toys

for the Little Ones.

TAKE SOME

Insurance with the Confederation
Life if you haven't any.

TAKE SOME MORE

if you have. This is good advice, especially
at this season of the year. Drop a postal
for rates, &c., to

CHAS, O'NEILL CONROY,

GENERAL AGENT FOR NFLD.

Law Chambers, St. John's, N.F.

WISHING ALL MY FRIENDS AND CUSTOMERS^—

A Merry Christmas and Happy New Year.

'T'HE wonderful enthusiasm with
which the public responded to
our past efforts was gratifying in the
extreme. Such appreciation impels
us to put forth extra attempts. The
facilities of our large, well furnished
store enable us to show the largest
and most varied assortment in the cleverest creations. The
diversity of our Styles, their superior Quality and the excep-
tional Values, should appeal to every economical purchaser.
Finish and Fit are charmingly exemplified in our Suits. By
careful intelligent planning we have established a new Standard
of Value heretofore believed impossible at the price.

Samples and self-measuring cards had on application by
postal or otherwise.

The American Tailor,

3OO Water Street.

P.O. Box 245. Phone 477.

W. P. SHORTALL,

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

1THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY;

Number-*^

VOL. VI.— No. 3.

DECEMBER, 1906.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

They enter, o'er the cot they lean ;
Then the melodious vision flies,

" NOEL, Noel" the sacred strain

From heavenly voice and viol rings,

And lo 1 the children's window-pane
Is curtained by angelic wings.

Drawn by A. Fortstier. Heard but by innocence, unseen

Save to the children's dreaming eyes

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Cbrisimas Poems.

Ot/K

g'REETI'NG.

READER I we greet you cheerily;
Dear friends 1 at home or far away,
In what so-ever clime you stray,

Whatever lands ye roam ;
Wherever tossed by life's rude sea,
May gladness fill your hearts to-day
And lead your spirits ho'.ne.

As rose the wondrous star of old, —

Immortal Light, mysterious yet,
As on that night when sages sought

Ths King of Kings thro' Nazareth : —
. So rises Mem'ry's radiant star

At Yule-tide wheresoe'r we roam,
Points to our first lov'd land afar

And leads the exile's heart to home.

Atlantic breaking on the shore,

That sang your cradle lullaby,
Ye'll hear in dreams of home once more ;
Sweet dreams of happy days, before
Ye passed high -hoped, the far seas o'er,

The far strange world to try.

And we remember, — o'er our hearts

Steal dreams of many a lx>yhood year, —
How merrily the Chiistmas went

^'hen you, ye absent friends were here:
And we extend to you our best, —

May Peace for aye with you abide, —
And Love forever be your guest, —

And Joy be yours this Christmas-tide.

FO<R THE OL<D

By Rev. Richard Howlry, D.D.

THY hours are fading fast,
To mingle with the past,
Beyond recall.
Ah ! many a joy shall sink
With Thee behind the brink
Of Time's grey wall 1

Thou wer't my comrade true,
Old Year, as moments grew,

From day to night ;
My watch and ward until
Thy last sad moon did fill

Her globe with light.

Amid the storm and strife,
Thou led'st my bark of life,

From shore to shore.
Ah ! sunk in endless sleep
My pilot o'er the deep

Thou'lt be no more !

Ay ; revel, cruel crowd,

While winter spreads his shroud,

Carouse — and sing
(Though scaice his breath be sped)
" Hurrah ! The King is dead,"

Long live the King ! ?"

Make merry ! — never I,
Shall raise that craven cry,

Above His bier,

But o'er His corse bowed down,
I'll gem His fallen crown,

With many a tear.
St. John's, Newfoundland, Noi'ember 20, igob.

THEIR CHRISTMAS GIFTS.

By Madeline Bridges.

WHAT, oh what shall he gi.'e to her

As sweet Christmas grac? ?
Chain, or bracelet, or silk, or fur,

Ribbons, or lace ?
A belt, a buckle, a diary ?

A chafing dish ?
A rose-jar ? Even for a rosary

He had heard her wish.
Handkerchiefs ? Perfumes ? A tray for pins ?

A girdle ? A fan ?
(Ah, now indeed, he feels for his sins,

He is merely man ?)
Flowers ? Candy ? An opera hood ?

A terrier small ?
Hopeless he thinks, if he only could,

He would give them ALL — •
For wherever he looks, his eyes are set
On something she'd love to have — or get !

What, oh what can she give to him ?

As she cast about
She fears the chances are rather slim

Of her finding out.
He smokes just one kind of cigar,

There's obstacle first !
Pipes — not any — another bar I

If she only durst
Buy him neckties or slippers t Those

Girls can never choose !
And an umbrella, too well she knows,

He'll proceed to lose ;
For silken pillows he nothing cares-
Books are a bore ;
A lounging jacket he never wears ;

Well — there's nothing more ;
And then she learns, it is then she can,
How simple and few are the needs of man f

THE STARS THAT SHINE ON
* # * CHRISTMAS WIGHT. * * *

By Elizabeth Carter..

THE stars that shine on Christmas night
Beyond all other stars aie bright.
For in their brightness shines restored
That one great star whose light outpoured
Has led all nations to the Ix>rd ;
And all night long with solemn voice
They cry again : Rejoice I Rejoice !

The wonder of the Christmas Dawn

No other morn has yet put on.

Oh, wan white radiance, breaking slow

On fields and woodlands wrapped in snow,

On the worn cities and their woe ;

Oh, holy message breathed again !

" Peace on the earth. Good will toward men."

And now unto the new-born King
Bring we our lowly offering.
Lord, take ourselves, our hopes, our fears,
Our griefs, our memories, our tears.
The harvest of our troubled years;
We bring them all to Thee, to Thee,
And lo, once burdened, we are free.

And lo, our faith burns clear and bright
As shine the stars on Christmas night ;
And lo, our love turns, deep and wide
As some great torrent's force untried,
Toward all mankind at Chiistmastide.
Rejoice ! Rejoice ! this Christinas morn,
For in our hearts the Christ is born.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Tne Days of the Dog-Irons.

OD be with old
times !" How
often do we
hear this ex-
cl am a t i o n
made, and
with what a
sigh of deep
sincerity. What is it that
lends such a glamour to
the memories of the past,
and enshrines the sites
and scenes of youthful
days in such a halo peace
and glory? Be the answer
what it may, it is certain
that the human heart looks
back with a loving and
yearning remembrance on
by-gone days, and by-gone
scenes.

And this retrospective
tendency begins to develop
itself much earlier in life
than is generally imagined.
I do not count myself yet
as altogether an " old
man." I am still able to " _
take my daily turn
" round the pond." Although

si.ir lea band their Cord to greet ; their girts thep bring with gladness, and humble bou> to Christ Iheir King !

I must confess that the old

familiar forms and friendly faces that I used to meet some
quarter of a century ago are thinning out very fast, and
dropping back in the march. Yet I have advanced to that stage
on life's highway, when I find myself " looking back." And
this unaccountable tendency, of wh'ich I have just spoken, by
another occult action of its inward nature seems to exert itself,
with particular force at certain seasons of the year. One of
those is undoubtedly

THE CHISTMAS-T1DE.

Acting then upon the inspiration of this mysterious impulse, I
find myself, Mr. Editor, on being asked by you for an " article"
for your Christmas Number spontaneously falling back upon my
early recollections.

I can go back only to the early sixties — how many there are
who can go twenty years further, and yet what wondrous changes
have come over the wotld, and particularly over Newfoundland
within those forty years ? Where were our telephones, our
phonographs, our electric light, our street cats, our Railways —
nay I might say our-Aelegraphs and photographs, in those days ?
I am old enough to have had my " likeness" taken in tintype and
daguerreotype — such an ancient, word now, that I must claim the
benefi of Car icgLiography in attempting to spell it ! I remember
the introduction of the paraffine lamp, and what a wonder it was
thought, and how it superseded the dear old candles in their
silver candle sticks, by whose dim light I had hitherto learnt my
evening lessons. I remember the days of the flint and steel and
the " tinder box" made of a cow's horn. I remember when lu-
cifer matches were first introduced and were made in single
steins, (the "comb" is quite a modern invention) and sold in little
cylindrical wooden boxes which at the present day would be
considered curiosities fit to adorn the shelves of a museum. But
I intended to write of the dog-iron ; yes I remember the

DAYS OF THE DOG-IRON.

When I take a stroll coutrywards now and then in the suburbs
of St. Jo' n's, it makes me feel sad. I see rising everywhere
new and pretentious houses, with mansard roofs, and oriel win-
dows, octagonal turrets, and barbican towers, graceful veran-
dahs, and fanciful gables, yes! they are pretty to look upon no
doubt. They are built I suppose upon correct architectural
lines, and in accordance with the latest approved principles of

hygiene; but I yearn for the picturesque old farm-cottage of my
youthful days. I see the remains of it still standing in the rear,
but relegated to the ignoble use of a stable or cow-house: or,
where it has been entirely dismantled, there still remains the
ruin of the gigantic old chimney, with its gaping mouth, stand-
ing erect like the great pyramid of Cheops, defying the ravages
to time and the march of civilization.

Let us in imagination visit again one of these dear old home-
steads, and re-people its cozy chimney corner, with the life of
its old-time folk.

But first let us take good look at its picturesque exterior and
surroundings. These old farm houses were built by the immi-
grants from our sire-lands, the "youngsters" who came out to
cut out a new home for themselves in the unknown western
land. They were the pioneers who in the beginning of the
nineteenth century, settled down in the woods which then sur-
rounded the City of St. John's even in to the very verge of the
" barrens,,, or ridge on which now stand the Government House
Colonial Building and Roman Catholic Cathedral. The sur-
viving name of the " Forest Road" bears testimony to this fact.
These early settlers, cleared the woods and laid the foundations
of those beautiful suburban villas which now surround our city
and are unsurpassed for beauty by the environs of any city in
America.

How strange everything must have appeared to these brave-
hearted early settlers. The very materials with which they had
to work were all new to them. No more could they raise the
walls of rubble-stone from the neighbouring quarry, to be coated
with a neat, if not altogether artistic plastering of mud. Now
they are obliged to learn how to hew the " studs" and ' uprights,"
from the neighbouring forest. To "dub" the joists and wall-
plates. To mortise and tennant the uprights, and to cut the
" clap-boards " and " planchions," in the improvised saw-pit. No
more the thick and comfortable thatch covers the roof; instead,
they learn to split the " shingles " from the larger sized " junks "
of spruce and '• var."

The very names are a puzzle to them — and yet withal, they
managed to produce a very fair imitation of the little cabin of
the homeland, a square, one storied building, with gambrelled
roof. The inevitable huge chimney in the center. The two apart-
ments; the one on the right being called par excellence " the
room," and by a flight of imagination being supposed to be in

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY,

an elevated or exalted position, so that although it is on the
same ground leVel as the other, or living room, to the left, it is
always spoken of as " up in the room.''
We enter this

IDEAL COTTAGE

by a rather ample porch. This porch, besides protecting the
interior from the blasts and drifts of winter, serves also for
other useful purposes ; here at one side is placed a pile of would
cut in junks, billets, or splits ready to keep up the fire as re-
quired ; here also the thrifty housewife has always on hand two
or three buckets of clear fresh water from the well ; here the
men leave their snow and ice-covered blanketing buskins and
mils, their axes and other gear used in woods ; here also the
dogs sleep in winter time.

We now enter the kitchen or " living room," a welcome glow
of heat and mellow light greets us. The room is lighted prin-
cipally from the great roaring fire of logs which lie across the

DOG-IRONS

in the wide open fire-place or ingle-side as the Scotch very ap-
propriately call it.

The room is scrupulously clean, and everything in it looks
bright and comfortable. The floor or " planchion," as it is
called, is well scrubbed and sprinkled with sand. In one corner
stands a " Dresser" with a display of delfware, old blue willow-
patterns, brown black and silver lustres, crown Derbys, and
chelseas, and bow and woicesters, lowestofts and wedgewoods,
which would make the teeth of any collector water. On the
chimney-piece which stretches all across one side of the room is
a rare collection of old brass candle-sticks of various designs,
some indeed crude but others very graceful. The beams or
joists of the ceiling -,ue exposed, and several strips of wood are
nailed across them. These are called, "racks" and on them
are placed guns, scythe-blades and other articles which are to
be kept out of reach of the children either as being dangerous
or valuable such as papers, title-deeds, &c.

But the great feature of the room is the

WIDE YAWNING FIRE-PLACE

It is fully ten feet wide and recedes inwards some six or eight
feet. The hearth is of stone flags. The walls at both sides
and back are of solid stone work some three feet thick, roughly
plastered and cleanly white-washed — except the back which is
black, at least in the centre, from the smoke and soot which
come in contact with it. The great opening converges upwards
on all sides until it forms an opening about two feet square, at
which size, it is carried out through the roof. No microbe yet
invented by the medical science of the twentieth century could
resist the draught created by this great vortex, and hence in
these good old days there was no talk of tuberculosis, or pneu-
monia, or appendicitis. The ruddy glow of the cheeks of the
boys and girls vied with the crimson flickering of the great fire
that blazed on the dog-irons.

At each side of the fire-place was a wooden bench, or as it
was called a " settle," on which the men and boys, tired after
the days work could stretch their weary limbs, and enjoy the
glow of pleasant heat from the fire. Above on either side were
small recesses kept in the walls where various small articles were
stowed away. Knitting needles sticking out from half finished
stockings or mits, wool-cards, sewing requisites, &c., belonging
to the women ; pipes, matches, knives and such like untensils
belonging to the men.

Underneath the settles the space was lathed in and formed
"coops" where the hens were gathered also to enjoy the cozy
warmth, and they made their presence known by an occasional
drowsy flutter or chuckle as they turned the other side to the
blaze. What a flood of happy memories crowd around the
old chimney-place ! The foyer or home in the true sense of the
word. Here we often listened spell-bound to the fairy-tale or
ghost-story, or to the thrilling adventures of " Valentine and
Orson, or Dick Turpin, or again with what enthu-iasm we foi-
• lowed the endless " Come-all ye ballad that told of some direful
ship-wreck ; or the twenty-four round encounter between
" Donnelly and Cooper who fought all on Kildare."

Or again it was the more lively lilt of the wordless songs, the
jigging or cheek-music in which the airs of " The pigeon on the

gate" or the "Wind that shakes the barley,"were very melodiously
turned round the tongue while the younger folks danced jigs,
reels, cotillions and " setts." But these primitive amusements
have passed away, to make place for the more high-toned pas-
times of the present day.
The time came when the

DOG-IRONS' DOOM

was sealed. I remember well the first introduction of the modern
abomination

THE CAST-IRON COOKING STOVE.

It made things easy. The dear old "bake pot" with its flat
cover ablaze with brands that gave such a nice brown crust to
the big round loaf, was thrown aside for old iron, or used as a
receptacle for the pig's feed. With the new stove there was no
need to keep constantly placing new live brands on the top of
the oven. You just put in your loaf and left it there, the won-
derful stove did the rest. The friendly old three-legged pot
and the cheerful " piper " soon followed the bake-pot. It was
easier to stew the pork and cabbage, and to steam the potatoes,
than to boil them in the good old-fashioned way. Then again
the robust and wholesome duff and figgy pudding gave way to
the more fancy pastry and sweets for which the stove was adapt-
ed, so there was nothing tor it, the dog-irons must go !

The fine old chimney-corner is no more. It has given place
to the treacherous stove-pipe, or at best the puny-brick flue
devoid of all esthetic taste.

Very few of the typical old cottages still survive but even
where they do, all their glory has departed. The large open-
ing once so bright and ruddy is now covered up by a black cold
plate of sheet-iron carefully smutted with black lead, and a hide-
ous cooking stove stands in the middle of the floor taking up
all the room. No more space for old time eight-handers — oh
no ! The " young ladies," now go to the " Halls" and Clubs,
and dance the more fashionable cachuca, the waltz or pas de deux.

But the most serious side of this matter is that the introduc-
tion of the stove, by shutting out all ventilatkn, and surcharging
the atmosphere with .unwholesome sulphurous fumes, arising
from the coal, and finally creating an irregular temperature,
ranging suddenly from extreme heat to extreme cold is pro-
nounced by all our medical men as the fruitful source of the
dread

WHITE PLAGUE

of pneumonia and consumption.

The passing of the Dog-iron reminds me of an amusing fact
which, if I have not already outstripped my limits, I would wish
to conclude with.

In the early half of last century there were two rival " hard-
ware" stores in St. John's, that of Mr. G — n and that of Mr.
G — r. Shortly before the stove began to " take hold" and be-
come popular, Mr. G — n had imported a large stock of dog-irons.
To his horror he found that the stove just then introduced was
completely putting the dog-iron out of the^ market. There was
no " call" for them at all. Mr. G — n saw a heavy loss staring
him in the face. However, he was a resourceful man, and he
soon bethought of a way out of his difficulty. In those days, as
now, numbers of men from the neighbouring outports and the
suburbs of the City came to town with their little nags and
carts to sell their various products and buy city goods instead.
One day according as they came along towards Mr. G — n's
store he way-laid them and the following dialogue took place :

"Good morrow. Skipper Jim," &c., &c., after a few friendly
remarks, and a liberal purchase on Mr. G — n's part of " splits,"
berries, &c., Mr. G — n says in a very confidential tone : " Now
Skipper Jim, I want you to do me a little turn. It won't cost
you anything and I'll make it worth your while."

"Well, what is it, sir ? If it is in my power I'll do it."

" I want you to go up to Mr. G — r's shop and ask if he has
any dog-irons."

" Oh, Mr. G — n, shure I don't want any o' them ould-fashioned
things. I'm jest after gettin' in a new stove an' it works
buteeful."

"Oh, I know that, Jim. I don't want you to buy a pair of
dog-irons. I only want you to ask for them."

"But if he shows me a pair what am I goin' to do?"

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

" Oh, don't be afraid, I know he has none ; but just you ask him, that's
all I want you to do."

" All right, sir, but it's a quare thing."

" Never mind, that's a good man ; and tell him you have one of these
new fangled stoves and its no good at all, and you won't keep it, and you
must fall back on the dog-irons. Do you understand ?"

" Yes, yes, sir, lave it to me. I'll curse the stoves till they won't want
any black lead for a month to come."

So he whipped up his pony and drove up the street to Mr. G — r's, and
acted his part to perfection. Mr. G— r descanted warmly on the benefits
of the stoves, showed him a large and varied assortment, but all to no pur-
pose. The more he praised them the more Skipper Jim cursed them. Jim
was not long gone when another man turned in and the same scene was
repeated, and so on, for half a dozen or so. G r was completely stunned.
It seemed the stoves were a failure, all wanted to go back to the dog irons.

Now Mr. G — n, having fully laid his plan, clapped his hat on the back of
his head, twirled his walking-stick, and with a twinkle in his eye started up
Water Street. Mr. G - r was standing at his shop door. After the accus-
tomed greetings he asked Mr. G — n how business was looking. Mr. G — n
put on a very solemn face and replied, " Oh badly enough I in fact I'm ruined
altogether."

'• Why, how is that, Mr. G— n ?"

" Oh, how is that ? You know very well how it is. I'm just after getting
" a large assortment of those d — d dog-irons, and I'm afraid these
" new stoves of yours are going to cut them out completely ; I haven't had
" a customer for one of them for the past fortnight. I shall have to sell
" them for old iron."

Mr. G — r coughed, turned his head aside to hide his expression. Then
assuming an air of indifference, he said in a careless tone — " Well now,
" that's too bad ; but come, after all, we're old friends though rivals, and
" I'm sorry to see you in such a fix, so, I'll tell you what : I'll take them
" off your hands at cost price."

Mr. G — n was unbounded in his expressions of gratitude. He shook Mr.
G — r warmly by the hand. " You were always a good fellow, G — r, I'D
never forget it for you. I'll send the confounded things right up at once."

" Alright, G — n, I'll give you the cheque immediately. I'm going in
strongly for the founding business, and the dog-irons will come in handy for
casting for the new stoves."

G n returned at once to his store, packed up the dog-irons and received
his cheque. Each thought he had made a first rate bargain. But Mr. G-r
found after a short time that he really had to sell the dog-irons for old iron,
for strange to say after that fatal day no more demands were made for
dog-irons, and G — n went deeply into the stove business, and so passed
the dog-iron. CANIKER.

avern

arns.

By H. vv. LeJ^Iessurier.

N 1820. or about that period, the town of St.
John's had a very different appearance from
what it has to-day. The fires of 1817 and
1 8 1 8 had somewhat altered the appearance of the
water-front, but had not interfered with the mean-
derings of Water Street which was at that date but a narrow
lane, known as the Lower Path, across which, in many places,
a man could clasp hands with his neighbour on the opposite
side. The formation of the land in many places caused this
narrowness. In the East End, at Job's Cove, the lower part of
what is now Prescott Street, reached almost to the landwash in
a hill which had in later years to be cut through to continue
Water Street. From west of where the Telegram office now
stands the cliffs forced the houses of the north side into what
is now the middle of Water Street, and where Garland's shop is
now, a cart of ordinary size could not pass along the road.
Where Ayre & Son's buildings now stands the road was so nar-
row, that Mr. Renouf, who had a shop on the north side, could
stand in his shop door and converse with his neighbor opposite
without raising his voice. Those who remember the premises
occupied by Messrs. Knowling and R. H. Prowse & Sons, prior
to the fire of 1892, will bring to mind the fact that an access to
the water-side, from Water Street, was by an arch to the westward
of R. H. Prowse & Sons, and by a crooked lane which was. on
the south, built over. This was the old lane, opposite to which
the Admiral's ship was moored, and was known as Man-o' War's
Lane. A landing place was here fitted up for the accommoda-
tion of the officers and men of H. M. Ships. At what is now
known as Job's Cove a boom was placed, and there the boats of
the warships obtained water from a brook which, running down
on the west side of Prescott Street, discharged into that cove.
About 1825 the use of this watering place was discontinued by
the ships-of-war, and water for their use was obtained from the
brook on the Southside, which still flows east of the Admiralty
property now occupied by Bowring Bros., and known as Mudge's
premises. The water-front from Chain Rock to Riverhead was
covered with fishing-rooms and merchant's premises, containing
fish-stores, oil-vats, cook-rooms, and all the necessary buildings

used in the carrying on of the fishery. But few buildings existed
off Water Street, and those that did were chiefly to be found in
the Eist End of the town, whilst a few were erected in the West
End. Between Waldegrave Street and Beck's Cove firebreak,
flakes were erected, covering a large area of ground, and these
were connected with the various mercantile establishments by
overhead ways as bridges. After the fire of 1846 a new order
of things sprung up and Water Street was so much altered and
widened that the people who occupied the business places in
1820 would not, after the alterations, have recognized any of
the old, and to them, familiar spots.

The town, being in its earlier days wholly a fishing town, and
the resort of fishermen from all parts of the kingdom, of neces-
sity, furnished means for their entertainments. In various places
there were taverns which in many cases were the rendezvous of
those, who in the old country, lived in the same counties of
either England or Ireland. One tavern in particular, situated
on Water Street, near where Smallwood's stands, was noted
for its Devonshire cider and ale, and was the resort of Devon-
shire captains and of the outport Devonshire born planters, who
came to town occasionally. Here you would find, in the fall of
the year, the Winsors, Carters, Folletts, Darbys, Cookes, Trem-
ains, &c., &c., enjoying a pipe and some pots of cider or ale.
One evening of October, about 1830, there gathered at this
tavern a number of goodly Devonshire men and some captains
from that country. A well known outport friend had brought
with him an Irishman, who had successfully navigated his vessel
to the waters of Placentia Bay for a number of years, although
he was not a navigator and could barely write his own name.
After discussing the news of the day, the latest from the old
country, the fishery and the price of fish, a discussion arose as
to who had met with the most curious incidents in crossing the
Atlantic. This discussion was purposely started by one of the
company, who was known as " The devils darning needle," and
was noted for his love of mischievous fun. " Come Captain
Holmes," said he, " I'm sure in your experience you've seen
and heard some queer things." " That I have " said Captain
Holmes, " and the most remarkable event that ever I met with

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

was last f«ril when we were a coming to the westward. Youse
all remember that I had a very long passage from Poole, and
got driven off twice over the Banks in the month of November,
and didn't get here with the fall's stock until the 2nd of Decem-
ber. My word for it, but it was the coldest voyage ever I made.
We was on short commons, and our water was getting so low
that I had ordered the last cask locked up and served it out
with me own hands. Two nights before we reached port it
froze guns, and after four o'clock in the morning, being my
watch below, I turned in cold enough, just taking the precau-
tion to put a small tot of spirits in me to liven up the tempera-
ture. I couldn't have been very long asleep when I woke up
with a start, and heard pistol shots near me, followed by the
noise of the bullets striking the roof of the cabin. I was afraid
to stir thinking I might be hit,, but as the noise ceased after a
time I had the courage to strike a light and look about, but I
could see nothing, and at length concluded that it must have
been some noise~ on deck, so I turned in and went to sleep
again. In the morning, when I was called, and commenced
to dress, I found every sparrowbill drawn out of ray boots, and
looking up saw them stuck in the top of the cabin roof. Gentle-
men the frost had been so great that it had actually drawn them
all out, and it was the noise of them coming out of the boots
that sounded like pistol shots, and their striking the top of the
cabin was like the noise of pistol balls, — and that was hard frost
I tell you."

After some good natured quizzing had taken place a Captain
named Newbury said : " Gentlemen, I had a singular experience
last year when coming out from Bideford. I always have a good
supply of dips (tallow candles which used to be tied in bunches
by the wicks, which were left long for that purpose) on board,
and to keep them from being stolen, they were hung on nails
overhead in the cabin. For some time I had missed a bunch
now and again, and after a time I raised " cain" with the crew,
who I suspected had stolen them. I was certain that the cook
wasn't the theif, as he called my attention to the place where
had hung the last bunch which had disappeared. The mate
suggested that it must be rats, and although I scouted the idea,
I was determined to watch and see whether he was correct. It
was my watch below at midnight and I turned in, leaving a
fresh dip burning. I was so long waiting for something to hap-
pen that I must have been just dozing when a squeak attracted
my attention, and without moving I cast my eyes along the floor
and there sure enough was a rat sitting up just underneath a
bunch of dips, as it was quite smooth, and we were going along
quietly on an even keel, with a light air of wind abaft the beam.
Presently out came a dozen rats and they made a pyramid by
standing on one another's shoulders like, until the last rat
reached the candles when he cut the string and down dropped
rats and candles on the floor. Each rat tugged off a candle
until there was only one rat left and he had none. Before you
could say Jack Robinson, gentlemen, that rat had the lighted
candle out of the sconce, and was away with it."

Much laughter succeeded this yarn and a new fill of glasses
having been ordered the Irishman was asked for his experience.
" Begor, gentlemen, I never had any rats or them things to con-
tend with, but a curious thing happened when I was coming
across the Banks two years ago in the spring of the year. It
had been very foggy and we got stuck in some ice which carried
away our forefoot and she was making a farish lot of water. I
might have gone south of the ice, but as it would take me off me
track I didn't like to do it. To make a long story short the ice
opened up a bit and we made tracks for Cape St. Mary's, but
before we got off the Banks down came the fog again with a
spanking breeze from the south-east. We were running along

with all the clothes on her, when all at once the watch sung out
" a big iceberg on the starboard hand," and almost in the same
moment he said, " and another on the port hand." I jumped and
took the tiller myself, and ran her right for the middle of the
two which appeared to be clear, and as we passed between them
the brig rose and slid along and then stopped. I thought she
was going to fall over on her side, but she didn't, and the sails
pressing her, she slowly slipped along until we found she was
almost high and dry on the floor which joined the two walls
of ice on either side. I at once ordered all sails to be
taken in and went to examine our position. I found we
had run into a natural ice graving dock and we were so
well shored up with ice that the brig could not but stand
upright. After the alarm caused by our strange position
had calmed down, we began to consider what we would do, and
as the most of the day was before us the mate suggested that
we rig out a scaffold over the bows and examine the cut-water.
We did so and found that the stem wanted fixing badly, so the
mate being a handy man, set to work and caulked it and put a
temporary cut-water on it. We were on the ice for two days and
had just finished the job when I noticed by the compass that
the iceberg had wheeled, so that our bow was to the southward.
As a good breeze of southerly wind was springing up I thought
that if all the sails were set we might go out the way we came
in, so ordered all hands to set the square sails. After about a
half an hour the old brig commenced to slide, and with a leap
like a hound after a fox she went stern first clear of the ice, and
wheeling on her heel rushed off as if the old nick was after her.
When we got clear I ordered the pumps to be tried, and we found
she was as tight as a bottle and didn't afterwards need any re-
pairs until we reached the Cove of Cork on our homeward
voyage."

CLARICE IN DECEMBER.

By Robert Gear MacDottald.

IF you had been a rose,

(Another said so, dear,)

Your cheek were blanched and sere
In these December snows :

Yet warm and red it is,

And redder for my kiss ;
But like a rose ? — you know
I never told you so.

If you were like a bird,

(They thought to flatter you),
Your song 'mid frozen dew

Would now no more be heard.
But, Clarice, I rejoice
To hear your full-toned voice ;

A song-bird ? Did / say

You were such any day ?

If you were like the sun,
("Twas so, the foolish said)
Your brightness would be shed,

And mists becloud your throne
But you by day and night
Still glance before my sight ;

If you were mere sunshine

How could I call you mine ?

No rose can bloom at all,

No song-bird mount the scale,
The sun looks wan and pale,

December twilights fall.
But you in winter-time
Move my most rapturous rhyme,

Clarice, my more than sun

And rose, and bird in one.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

The Vtfreck of ' ' The Queen.

A CHRISTMAS MEMORY OF FORTY YEARS AGO.

By Sir Edward Morris, K.C., Kt., LL.D.

SUCH was the wreck of the Hesperus,

In the midnight and the snow;
Christ save us all from a death like this

On the reef of Norman's Woe. — Longfellow.

N the north-east coast of Newfoundland, off the
great promontory known as Cape St. John, familiar
in Newfoundland history as one of the terminii oi
the French rights on the Treaty Coast, and stand-
ing out in the sea about four miles from the foamy
shore, there is an island named on the charts as
"Gull Island," but generally known as the "Gull
Island of Cape John." In size it is not probably
more than a mile in circumference, rising up out of the sea at its
highest point to about two hundred feet. The waters all round
it are hundreds of fathoms deep; its whole physical outline re-
sembling some marine mammoth obelisk lifting its head from

THE AUTHOR, SIR EDWARD MORRIS, K.C., KT., LL.D.

ocean. Nothing save brushwood and alder bushes grow on its
barren hillside ; no robin ever ventured here to warble o'er its
gloomy shores. It has been and will be for ever the home of
that bird of tireless wing, cradled on ocean's breast, whose
name it bears. A more dreary, desolate, uninviting spot can
scarcely be imagined. When the raging billows of the wintry
sea roll along Its shores, and the "white horses" leap and gallop
o'er its strand, mariners trust themselves to the bosom of the
deep in preference to hugging its rugged, precipitous shores.
This was truer forty years ago than to-day, for then there was
no friendly light, as now, to cheer the mariner, and guide him
on his way — no hospitable fireside to gladden and comfort him
by its warmth if rescued from the buffetting of the storm. Had
there been such a refuge we should not be chronicling one of
the most melancholy marine disasters that has ever occurred in
this or any other land.

A whole generation has passed away since the brigantine

Queen went on shore on Gull Island on the i2th December,
1867. Rarely is a marine occurrence recorded which combine
all the elements of tragedy, embracing the most harrowing de-
tails of exposure, suffering, want, starvation and death, as that
revealed by the story of the wreck of the Queen. The parti-
culars of this sad occurrence found in the newspapers of the
day are scant and meagre indeed. Those I am about to relate
are partly gathered from an unpublished letter written by Dr.
Dowsley, a passenger on the Queen, to his wife, then residing in
St. John's, and found on his person when his remains were dis-
covered, and partly from conversations had with persons resi-
dent near the scene of the ship-wreck.

The Queen left St. John's on Thursday, the 5th of December,
1867, and on the evening of that day encountered a terrific gale
which, raging for three whole days, drove the vessel to sea a
distance of nearly one hundred and sixty miles. On the gale
subsiding she was hauled in for the land, and went on shore
during a snowstorm, running into a gulch on " Gull Island " at
6 o'clock on the morning of December i2th. The whole of the
crew and passengers, numbering in all fourteen, succeeded in
getting on shore, but whilst being thus saved from a watery
grave, a fate more awful, and a death more agonizing was re-
served for the greater number of them. All having reached the
land, the pilot, boatswain, one seaman and a passenger returned
to the ship in the hope of getting some provisions on shore, but
whilst on board, the cable by which she hung to the cliff parted,
and in less than fifteen minutes after she had struck she was

GULL ISLAND AS IN 1867.

carried out to sea, taking with her those on board, never again
to be heard from. Those who remained found themselves on a
barren rock without food, or shelter, or clothes, in an inclement
season of the year, with nothing but snow and ice all around
them. It is awful to contemplate the misery, hardship and pri-
vation of this little band, from that hour until they laid down for
the last time to die, with no shelter but the sky of a cold, north-
ern clime, their requiem that of the screeching sea-gull in the
air above. The exact number of days they lived ; who was the
first to die; who was the last to succumb will never be told.
AH we know is that on Christmas Eve they were all alive, if
men and women can be said to be alive who have been lying in
snow and snow-water, consumed with thirst and famished with

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY:

hunger for twelve whole days in winter weather without' the
slightest warmth or shelter. And yet it is wonderful to relate
that Doctor Dowsley, one of the passengers kept a diary or
journal recording the principal events from the day the vessel
struck, up to Christmas Eve. With the Captain, and a Mr.
Hoskins, were, also, found similiar records, but not by any
means as full as that of Doctor Dowsley. In once more record-
ing this sad tale of shipwreck, I do not think I can do better
than give extracts from Doctor Dowsley's records, to show the
readers of THE QUARTERLY Christmas Number what a fearful
experience these poor ship-wrecked people put over them, dur-
ing that awful Christmas time. Dr. Dowsley says :

" Gull Island, off Cape John,

" Tuesday, December i6th.

" We left St. John's on Thursday the 5th inst. On the evening
of that day a dreadful gale came on, which continued for two or
three days. We got driven off about 160 miles to sea. We
thought every moment the vessel would be swamped, but it
appears we have been only spared for a worse fate. We ran
into a gulch on the Island on the morning of Thursday, the i2th
inst. about six o'clock, when the sea was running mountains high.
The vessel only remained there about ten or fifteen minutes
which was not sufficient time for all to save themselves, all with
the exception of two of the crew. Duggan the Pilot, and
Mullowney's step-brother were dragged up the cliff by means of
a rope tied around their waists. Not one of us saved a single
thing, not even a bit of bread. This is our fifth day and we
have not had even a drink of water, there being no such thing
on the Island. It is void of everything which could give us
comfort, so barren and bleak. We cannot get wood enough to
make a fire to warm us. Our bed is on the cold rocks with a
piece of canvas full of gutter to cover us. I fear, if Providence
does not send a boat or vessel this way to-day or to-morrow, that
some of us will be no more, and I very much fear I will be the
first victim. I am famishing with thirst. I would give all the
wealth of this world for one drink of water. If I had plenty of
water I know I would live much longer, such a dreadful feverish
thirst and no means af relieving it, Is it not a hard case that I
cannot get a drink of water? Oh ! did I ever think my life would
end in this way ? cast away on a barren island and left there to
perish of cold, hunger and thirst, our bodies the food for the
wild fowl and our bones bleached by the winter frost and the
summer's sun. Oh ! is it not sad to think of this and so little
would save us ; we are only eight miles from Shoe Cove where
we would be received with open arms. I don't know how I
have written what I have. I am writing under the little bit of
canvas and am shivering with weakness from head to foot; the
facts are far worse than I have named. We are all wet, my
clothes are frozen. I am now going under the canvas to lay
down and die. May God pity me and have mercy on my soul."

" Wednesday, Dec. i8th, '67.

" I have been out to see if there is any chance of a rescue,
but no such thing. I am almost mad with thirst. Oh ! for one
drink of water 1

" FELIX DOWSLEY."

"Gull Island, Dec. 24th, '67.

" We are still alive. We had no relief since, and now we are
not likely to have any. We have not tasted a bit of food up to
this of any kind with the exception of the dirty snow-water
around and under our feet which we are very glad to devour.
The place we are sheltered in (if I may call it a shelter) is
up to our ankles in water. O what a desolate Christmas Eve
and Christmas Day ! I fancy I can see you making all the
preparations for to-morrow. My feet are very painful, last night
I was in perfect agony with them, my clothes are completely
saturated. I never knew how to appreciate the comforts of a
home or bed until now. Who would ever have supposed this
would be my sad ending. I did not think we could have lived
so Ion?, but now our case is hopeless. No chance of a rescue.
My sufferings have been beyond description since we landed on
this barren Island. I would write more but feel unable.

" FELIX DOWSLEY."

The following May the news of this sad occurrence reached
St. John's, and in the Morning Chronicle of May 4th, I find
the following :

" The following we extract from a letter addressed to and
kindly handed us by T. B. Smith, Esq. It is dated ' Twillin-
gate, May ist.' "

" A few days ago a Mr. Rowsell was out on a sealing voyage
in his schooner. When near Cape John Gull Island he saw a
line hanging over the rocks. The men went on shore, and to
their horror found two skeletons, and several dead bodies cov-
ered with a sail. They immediately left the Island and went
to Tilt Cove, when they gave the information to Mr. Gill. Mr.
Rowsell offered the use of his schooner and crew to assist in
removing the bodies. Mr. Maloney and a crew immediately
went to the Island, and there they found eleven bodies, consist-
ing of the Captain, Mate, Mr. Dowsley, Mr. and Miss Hoskins,
Miss Stitson and five others. Duggan, Mr. Maloney's brother-in-
law, and two seamen were driven away with the vessel. Docu-
ments have been found on the Captain, Mr. Hoskins and
Doctor Do\vsley. The last record found on poor Dowsley is
dated 24th December, when they were all living without food,
fire or water."

The saddest part of this story is yet to be told. On one of
the first days after their shipwreck a man named Dicks belong-
to Shoe Cove who had been out hunting birds, on returning to
his home which was distant from Gull Island about eight miles
reported having seen a fire on the Gull Island. He appears to
have repeated the same story but from some unaccountable
reason no attention was paid to it. Those who discovered the
bodies the following spring were convinced of the truth of Dicks'
report, by what they found on the Island ; namely, the remains of
a fire near where the bodies had been found. For some cause
perhaps, it being that the spot was more sheltered — or that they
looked more to sea than to land for rescue, only one fire was
made on the Island and that one — on the side of the Island look-
ing out to sea. If Dicks really saw the fire it must have been
the reflection over the Island, as from where the fire was kin-
dled he could not have seen the flame. If credence had been
given to his story there would have been no difficulty in effect-
ing the rescue of the whole party, and instead of chronicling
their melancholy and sad fate, we should have been telling the
story of their fortunate deliverance.

The last, the closing scene in this harrowing tale musr for-
ever remain unwritten and untold. Whether these poor cast-
aways laid down one by one and died or all perished together,
it may be on some specially wild and bitter night when the
blast blew colder and louder ; why two of their number separ-
ated from their companions and lay down by themselves to die
making even the loneliness of their last resting place still more
lonely, we are unable to conjecture. It was decreed that we were
never to know what really did transpire during their last hours.
Young and old, the strong and the weak, the timid and the
brave, their last hours are alike shrouded in mystery. All we
know is they lay where they died for six whole months wrapped
in their shrouds of snow, until the vernal showers revealed them
to those good people who so charitably interred them in the
quiet and rest of God's Acre.

That their sufferings must have been exquisite is but too true.
It was agony in itself for brave souls, stout hearts, and resolute
spirits to look on day after day unable to aid their weaker com-
panions, who, even in that abandoned spot, hopefully looked to
them for succor, to read in the emaciated forms around them
the certain signs of their own dissolution. And yet, if we could
lift the veil, certain it is that history's page, rich with the spoils
of noble deeds, would be still further enriched : Deeds of hero-
ism, deeds born even amidst the awful solitudes of Gull Island ;
acts of self-denial and self-renunciation ; acts of humanity and
bravery ; acts of love and devotion ; cheering the weak, comfort-
ing the timid. There must have been moments when the
guidance of the strong hand and cool judgment was needed to
calm the frenzied spirits of those who, when the dread reality of
their certain death was made manifest, sunk into the very depths
of despair; and yet this guidance and firmness had to be admi-
nistered by those who each hour were rendered themselves
weaker and less able to perform their much-needed task. To

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

the brave " Cxsar should die standing " has a meaning. A
little of the Spartan Boy is the inheritance of all. No one
wishes to parade the ills that flesh is heir to ; rather does he
desire to conceal what he is unable to overcome. Here it was
unavoidable. There was no means of disguising it — there was
no avenue of escape — and thus an additional drop was added
to the bitterness of their already over-flowing cup. But of this
we may be certain i they all died true to the traditions of
their race.

Deeper than speech our love,

Stronger than life our tether ;
We do not fall on the neck,

Nor kiss when we come together.

Go to your work and be strong,

Halting not in your ways ;
Baulking the end half won,

For an instant dole of praise.

Stand to your work and be wise,

Certain of sword and pen ;
Who are neither children nor gods,

But men in a^vorld of men.

<BACH FUGUE,

As Interpreted by MR, A. H. ALLEN at the Organ Recital at the
C. E. Cathedral, Sept. 27th, 1906.

By Robert Gear Mac Donald.

BECAUSE your life is all enclosed in mine,

Think not that it need therefore cease to grow ;

Or that, should my development be slow.

Yours will be cramped ; for you may well divine,

And bid your heart take comfoit from the sign,

How some skilled artist bids his Fancy go

To form the point round which his tone-waves flow ; —

You must be soul within my soul, in fine.

And then, remember, you will also feel

Warmth from my heart that wraps yours round about,

Warmth that in time will melt away your doubt ;

And we may vaguely, humbly understand

How in our hours of woe and years of weal

God holds us in the hollow of His hand.

Photo, by James

ST. JOHN'S HARBOUR, OCTOBER, 1906,

SfFTER THE <RAIN.

By Dan Carroll.

IXJNG, wet, dank, dreary days we've known, the sodden sail, the gloom,
The mingling in the dismal dawns of groan of spar and boom ;
Like foiest sown in mist, gaunt masts thro* drip and drizzle loom,
All else, that gray robed Druid, fog, enshrouds as for the tomb.

As bursts the rescuing host across the 'laboured city's square,
So bursts the sun, with rainbow banners streaming on the air,
And lo 1 the grateful harbour lifts its heart in gladness there.

Now twice a thousand gleaming masts are lifted 'gainst the gray
And webs of jeweled cordage swing with rhythmic swell and sway,
Where flash the riggings of the fleet more brightly in the ray.

The Skipper's cheery voice is heard, from deck to deck it hails ;
Above the clink of chains arise the song of lifting sails,
And over all, the blissful charm of sunshine pure prevails.

The mi-t is lifting from the sea, the bright sails brighter gleam,

A thousand snowy pinions wave more fair until they seem

A white-winged prayerful host that swing their censers there and dream.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.
MR. R. G. REID AND THE SHORTEST CANADIAN ROUTE.

Reid-Newfoundland

HE head of the well-known

Company, a gentleman who has done so much for
the development of Britain's oldest Colony that he
has earned the title of " the greatest benefactor of
Newfoundland of modern times," while on a visit
to England in September last, was interviewed by
a representative of the Weekly Illustrated Canada
on many matters affecting the mutual welfare of
Canada and Newfoundland.

" Mr. Reid expressed himself as thoroughly satisfied with the
progress Newfoundland had been making the past few years, and
considered that her marvellous natural resources alone warranted
him in prophesying a great future for the Island. As yet, fish-
ing was the most important industry, though mining, which was
not yet fully developed, gave promise of most substantial returns.
The railway had done a great deal towards opening up the
interior, but for the most part the inhabitants clung to the coast.
The wood pulp industry promised great things, and once the
land was cleared there was a soil of remarkable fertility. To
the pleasure seeker, the tourist, the hunter, and the angler,
Newfoundland in addition offered opportunites unsurpassed in
any part of the globe.

MR. R. G. REID.

" What do you think of the prospects of an ultimate union
with the Dominion ?" ventured our representative.

" I don't care about discussing political matters," answered
Mr. Reid, "though," he added significantly, "Newfoundland
seems to be getting on extremely well as she is."

Mr. Reid was most enthusiastic when the proposed new
Canada Atlantic line via Newfoundland was touched upon. He
thought there were great prospects and opportunities of making
Newfoundland not only the front-door of Canada, but of the
whole American continent.

" Bjt to make this scheme feasible," he remarked, " it will be
necessary to obtain a subsidy from the Newfoundland G >vern-
ment. I have been given to understand tint the in itter is
likely to be raised in the Newfoundland Legislature at no very
distant dite. I am certain th.it should the sells ns miterialise,
it would result in a great impetus being given to the develop-
ment of the island."

Mr; Reid briefly outlined the plan for a new specially fast
Atlantic service. The idea, he said, was to run a line of fast
steamboats from Gilwiy, on ths wiit coist of Ireland, to
Green Bay, one of the inlets on Njtre Di;n3 Biy, on the eist
coast of Newfoundland. The distance from port to port would
be 1,750 miles. Thence, the passengers would be transferred

by the Reid Newfoundland Company's railway to Port-aux-
Basques, in the south-western extremity of the island. This
would involve the building of fifty miles of railway to join the
main ^line near Grand Lake. The whole journey, however,
across Newfoundland at this point would be only a trifle more
than two hundred miles. At Port-aux-Basques, fast packet boats
would meet the passengers, and. a ninety-mile journey across
Cabot Strait would land them in four hours on Canadian
territory at North Sydney, the eastern terminus of the Inter-
Colonial Railway.

Mr. Reid put forward an even more important consideration
than the advantage which would be gained by a shortening of
the journey. The Newfoundland route, he pointed out, would
curiously enough, be free of the greatest impediment which
now besets ocean liners taking a more southerly course. At
present the route lies through the region of fog, where the cold
Arctic currents meet the warm Gulf Stream. The proposed
new route, though more northerly, would be well clear of the
fog region, which now causes so many delays.

People who are accustomed to the position of countries as
shown on Mercator's projection, have, as Mr. Reid explained, a
totally wrong conception of the real position of Newfoundland.
For instance, how many are aware that a line drawn from Lon-
don to New York would be almost identical with that of the
proposed route betwen London and Green Bay Newfoundland.
By the Newfoundland route it would be possible to complete
the journey from land to land, between Gal way and Newfound-
land, in three days; a reduction in sea-going time which would
induce thousands more to go both to Canada and the United
States. Moreover, the adoption of such a line woul'l bring the
magnificent scenery and the illimitable hunting and fishing
possibilites of Newfoundland within easy reach of the British
tourist and sportsman.

No country is better adapted for rest from the toil and tur-
moil of great cities than Newfoundland. It is equally suitable
for either a peacefuler strenuous holiday, and there is little
doubt that once easy access is made to this island, it will be
visited in large numbers by pleasure-seekers from all parts of
Europe. Now it is practically unknown, except to the Canadians
and Americans who annually resort there.

Newfoundland has well been named the " Norway of the
New World." The deep fiords which indent the shores, guarded
by lofty cliffs, whose forms are reflected in the bright clear
waters of the bays, have a marked resemblance to those of
Norway, and are not less magnificent. Many of theinltts run
inland for eighty or ninety miles, are studded with islands, and
are much finer and grander than the famous Norwegian fiords.
The two great b.iys of Trinity and Placentia, which almost cut
the island in two, and the beautiful bays of Notre Dame and
Bonavista are unsurpassed for beauty. The scenery on tije
south coast is grand beyond desciiption ; and in its magnificent
harbours the whole of the navies of Europe could float secure.

Newfoundland is a veritable paradise for the sportsman, and
all the deer "barrens," grouse moors, salmon and trout streams
-are open to to the public. Countless herds af lordly caribou
roam the interior of the island, in some parts as yet unvisited by
the foot of man. Kitty's Brook, the Gaff Topsail, and Patrick's
Marsh are specially fine centres for hunters of the caribou.
There are a few black bears, but lynx iibound, and be, iver, otter,
and foxes are found all over the island.

Mr. F. C. Selous, the famous big game hunter, has. Mr. Reid
stated, paid several visits to the island in search of the finest
specimens, and he has never been known to go away unsatisfied.
The game fish of Newfoundland are all of the salmoniJae
species, and are found in plenty all over the country. Expeii-
enced anglers declare that no other fresh water fixh, excepting
perhaps the salmon, affords so much sport to the fly fisherman
as the ouananiche, which are found in abundance in many of the
Newfoundland lakes.

In every respect, therefore, NewfoundUrul is worthy of closer
acquaintance, and the project which Mr. Reid propounds of a
faster ocean service for Canada, will, in the natural course of
things, bring a beautiful land within easy access."

Photo, by P. f. Doyle.

RESIDENCE OF M. G. WINTER, ESQ.

ST. BONAVENTURE'S COLLEGE.

METHODIST COLLEGE.

SPENCER COLLEGE.

SHOOTING AND FISHING IN NEWFOUNDLAND.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

&f HOLIDAY O'N THE "DEAR OLD SOUTHSIDE HILL."

By a Member of the Littledale Literary Club.

TTTO the majority of schoolgirls, it is rather
J I [, doubtful, which is more delightful — pre-
JL paration for a holiday, which has been
well earned, or an unexpected excursion to unex-
plored woodland regions, where one revels in the
sunshine, and in the delicious freedom of " school
let out." To everyone who has experienced the delight and fun
of a school holiday, the following sketch may appeal, and per-
haps, afford some slight pleasure in recalling glad memories of
old friends and of the interesting expeditions of childhood.

It was during the second week of October that our school
was honored with a visit from the Bishop Elect of Harbour
Grace, the Right Reverend Dr. March. Of course a holiday
was given, and merrily and cheerily did a chorus of good wishes
resound that the new Bishop should enjoy " Ad Multos Annas."
Readers, do not imagine for a moment that our own beloved
Archbishop, who accompanied His Lordship of Harbour Grace,
was forgotten in the sudden excitement. With His Grace's
usual urbanity and goodnature, he desired that all honor should
be accorded the new Bishop Elect ; Then, when the dignitaries
had said " Adieu," there was a council held by the elders of the
L. L. C. to arrange a programme for our holiday, whilst the
younger children went to bed with hearts jubilant in anticipation
of the morrow's freedom. Our plans were pleasantly altered
next morning, when it was announced that as a "surprise,'' per-
mission was given for ali to make an excursion to the South
Side Hill, and this pleasure was intensified when it was known
that the Sisters were to accompany us.

The morning was beautiful, a glad contrast to the preceding
weeks of chilly weather, and at ten o'clock a joyous party issued
from the gales lo ascend tie opp< site hill-side. The w.irin
breeze, the sunshine, the laughter of the children as they trudged
along over brambles and brushwood, the songs of the little birds
and the merry prattle and conversation, all combined to make
the event as enjoyable as could be desiied. One of the objects
of this expedition was to visit a reservoir lately constn cted in
connection with an increased water supply for our Academy.
By the so'ind of voices and the smoke of a fire we soon dis-
covered the spot. The appearance of the reservoir was such
that our curiosity was instantly aroused. Concrete walls enclosed
a cistern of water which seemed to us unlimited as it flashed on
our wondering sight. We concluded that so immense a quan-
tity could almost work a Power House."

After our curiosity had been satisfied, our attention was

absorbed by the beauty of our surroundings-
It is a well known fact that the scenery of Waterford Valley,
in which Littledale is located is, at this time of the year especi-
ally enchanting ; but, in order to see it to greatest advantage,
one should view it from the South Side Hill, It is no doubt a
great privilege to travel — to visit foreign countries, and to see
their wonders; but we who have never been abroad feel satis-
fied that our own dear Newfoundland contains landscape-pictures
so charming that even sunny Italy, fair Ireland, or stately
England cannot surpass our Island in point of natural scenery.
Standing on the hillside, the observant eye takes in at
a glance the beauty of the valley. Opposite, enciicled in a
lattice-work of foliage stands Littledale with its shady avenue
and wide-spreading lawn.

To the north, the eye travels through vistas of shadowy fir-
trees to undulating pasture fields with ca'tle peacefully grazing
in the sunshine. To describe this scene, or even to attempt
such a. description is b.:yond my skill, and far beyond my pre-
sumption ; but I should like to convey some faint idea of its
beauty — so brilliant was the foliage, so silvery and sparkling the
river, meandering through the verdant slopes, so bright the sun-
shine and so exquisitely beautiful the whole stretch of country,
lying north, west and east. As we g?ze \\ith rapture, a tiny
grey cloud seems to curl around the di.stant hill ; presently it
increases, until a soft, thick, white, fleecy cloud moves quickly
and gracefully on, and very soon we are aware of the approach
of the incoming train.

But I have digressed from my subject. When we had feasted
on Natures charms, and rambled through the dtliciously odorous,
wooded paths, we rested on a spacious glade, where, after a
p'easant chat, games were orgai ised, and when seniors and
j'uniors alike hid romped and danced themselves into a state of
delightful fatigue, a slow homeward march, was next in order.
It was fien near dinner-time, and still gazing on 'the best
charms of Nature" we descended the hill, but not without the
hope ot soon revi.siiing the charming spot. Needless to tt 11, ample
justice was done the good things provided for us on our return.
In the afternoon, a meeting of the " Cli.b '' claimed our atten-
tion, and the evening closed with Benediction, when, as we
knelt to receive our Lord's '• most sole nn blessing," our hearts
swelled with gratitude to the Almighty Creator the A ithor of
all beauty, joy and happiness, and the beautiful word-; of (he
Psalms were fervently recalled " Benedicite Omnia cpera
Domini, Domino."

Photo, by James Vey.

LITTLEDALE, FROM SOUTHSIDE ROAD,

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Rev. George Doyle, D.D.

By Rev. Richard HowJey, D.D.

O preserve the memory of a life dear to many who
knew him in the past ; cherished also by not a few
who have long. survived him, I beg to present,
through THE NFLD. QUARTERLY the following
tribute that appeared in The Newfoundlander on
August 29th, 1873, on occasion of the death of
Rev. Dr. George Doyle. He was the most bril-
liant, and, in many respects, the most winning
personality of all the youth that Newfoundland sent to Rome
and that Rome sent back to Newfoundland fashioned to fair
form by Rome's master hand.

November 20, 1906. R. H.

" Rarely has it been the lot of a journalist to record a death which awak-
ened more profound grief and sympathy. His youth, his gentle bearing,
his high culture and undoubted talents, pointed him out as one destined to
make his mark in the history of his time, and to attach to him troops of
friends ond adherents. Horn in this Country he first graduated at Saint
Bonaventure's College, and subsequently became a student of the Propa-
ganda at Rome, where he deservedly took high honors. St. John's, his
native place, has been the scene of his ministerial labours, and for the past
six years he has been a zealous and devoted Priest in whom the people
recognised those qualities of heart and intellect that gave promise of a
blight career of future usefulness.

" No one who knew him, as did the writer of this imperfect but loving
tribute, could doubt the full realization of the anticipations he awakened,
had it pleased the Omnipotent One to leave him in our midst. But no
doubt the issue has been wisely oidered, though if we could we would
delay the acquisition of his reward until he had filled his sheep fold with
ripe corn and stored a fuller harvest ; but it has not been so decreed, and
we must bear humbly, though with sore hearts the unerring fiat. The lines
below are from one who knew his inner being, and who joines the thou-
sands who mourn the loss of this bright ornament of the Catholic Church
in this country."

IN MEMORIAM.

By Rev. Kic'iard Ilmuley, D.D.
FEAST OF ST. AUGUSTINK, AUGUST zS'rn,
IN the Summer, 'ere the bloom,
That was ripening for his tomb,

Knew decay.

In his youth, 'ere yet the fruit,
Of his life had taken root,

Passed away.

JOHN VI.

Ah, that life was not his own,

That with Summer's breath has flowni

To our loss.

"Twas a life that knew not life
In earth's pleasurs or earth's strife,

Or earth's cross.

Let us think of him as Priest,
One short moment at the Feast,

Of the King.

One short sunlight 'mid the vine,
Where the workmen prune and twine.

Weep and sing.

Let our thought recall his gift
Of the word — and see him lift

The dread cup,

Hear that voice, so young to bless ;
Bid each spirit in distress,

To look up.

Oh to think how cruel death
Has unkindly sped the breath

Of his youth I

How he loved his kind and land,
And was free of heart and hand.

Full of truth I

Vet he might have lived to mourn
The sad lesson, which each turn,

Of life bears.

He might have lived to die
In ripe age, yet ah ! to sigh

O'er his years.

"Tis well — As priest and man,
A guileless course he ran —

Who can say.

What sorrow, and what dole
Lay in' wait for the young soul

Passed away ?

Farewell — God give thee rest.
And thy birthright ' nid the blest
May he give.

Thou did'st speak His word and break
The bread immortals take —

Thou shall Jive.»
57- 5«-

IN MEMORY

Of 'Rev. 'Brother R. B. Fleming.

THY columns, fair Glasnevin! bear many an honoured name,
Names that shall ring for ever adown the aisles of Fame,
And there beside them sleeping, pride of their land and blood,
The pioneer chiefs of Erin's great Christian Brotherhood.

««**«»«

Thy sacred earth, Glasnevin, holds none more brave than they.
The Celtic cross is lifting above no nobler clay ;
They've braved the Arctic snow-drift, the Tropics' deadly rays,
Bearing the torch of Learning where e'er the exile strays.

From vales and hills of Erin they've sought their scattered race.
And hailed them up and onward to fill the leader's place;
Australia's valleys knew them, and Afric's cities fair
Have felt their hands in moudling highminded manhood there:
The stranger's land has seen them by mount and spreading vale
With noble soul, uplifting the sea divided Gael

«**«*»
Glasnevin 1 sad Glasnevin I thy sacred mold is prest
Upon our friend, a Brother, by us beloved the best,
Whose cheer inspired the doubter, whose hand-grip true, whose smile
Sent weak ones, brave and brighter, into the world of toil ;
And there where many a tribute from grateful pupils come,

From far Tasmanian homesteads and from the heart of Rome,

We seek a grave, our master's, amid that hero band

With his well loved peoples tribute from grateful Newfoundland. D. C.

IN MEMORY

Of Rev. Father <P. M. O'Connor.

Died November 23rd, 1906.

SOFTLY, when the day was breaking,

Came the Angel Messenger
And he called him home to Heaven,

From his life of suffering here,
Home, from days of weary toiling,

Home from nights of sleepless pain,
Home, where he shall know no sorrow,

Or the cares of life again ;
He has heard the Master saying :

" Thou has't borne my cross with me,
Now, with those who loved and served Me,

Thou shall rest, eternally."

Faithful Priest, and truest teacher;

Though thy life is passed ! yet still,
We, thy people, shall remember,

All thy noble lessons, still.
Rest in peace ! thy warfare over,

Valiant soldier of the Cross
Thine the glory, ours the sorrow,

Thine the gain, but ours the loss.
Burin, Newfoundland.

A; S.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Tne ' ' Great v^rong.

THE

"OH thou Great Wrong, that through the slow-paced years
Didst hold thy millions fettered, and didst wield
The scourge that drove the labourer to the field.
And turn a stony gaze on human tears,
Thy cruel reign is o'er
Thy bondmen crouch no more
In terror at the menace of thine eye."

" * * * at tne appointed hour
And lo ! they fall, and he whose limbs they galled
Stands in his native manhood, disenthralled."

This, however, held good only while under the protecting folds
of the Union Jack; if he returned to the land whence he had
escaped, he was liable again to become a slave.

In 1787 the feeling against slavery ran so high that the first
Society for the suppression of the slave trade was instituted in
London.

In 1791, in response to the growing sentiment in England,
the Wilberforce Bill prohibiting the further importation of slaves
was introduced, but was defeated in the House of Commons.

A Bill, abolishing slavery after the ist day of January, 1808,
was introduced by Lord Howick (afterwards Earl Gr.ey, a for-
bear of the present Governor-General of Canada) in the House
of Commons, passed that body and the Lords, and received the
Royal assent March 25, 1807.

The breaches of the law were so numerous, and heavy fines
having proved inadequate to eradicate the evil, Lord Brougham
introduced a Bill in 1811 'making the slave trade a felony.
While the slave trade was virtually abolished in England, yet a
large trade was done between the various colonies, so that it
became necessary to enact stricter laws; an act passed in 1824
declared the slave trade piracy, and as such a capital crime
punishable with death. In 1837 this law was modified, and the
punishment substituted for the death penalty, was transportation
for life.

In 1862 Lincoln's Proclamation abolished slavery in the
United States.

While the Southern Colonies dealt in slaves for the necessary
work on the plantations, it is not anywhere recorded that New-
foundlahd had much interest in the slave traffic. Probably the
nature of the fishery work was better suited to the brawny West
Country and Irish youngsters who were always to be had in
abundance, at nearly as cheap a rate as slave labour.

But there is one, at least, well authenticated record, of a
family of slaves having lived in St. John's in the early part of
the igth century.

In 1814, the 54th year of His Majesty's Reign (George III.),
there died in St. John's one John Ryan founder and proprietor of
the Royal Gazette. He had been a printer in New Brunswick.
Inducements were offered him and he came down here to estab-
lish the Gazette. He ran it successfully for some years, and
when he died he willed his printing establishment in Newfound-
land to Lewis Kelly Ryan, with the proviso that he pay to

LAST SLAVES IN NEWFOUNDLAND.

By W. J. Carroll.

Amelia Ryan (widow of John and mother of Lewis) the sum of
.£300 stg. for 12 years.

Afterwards the Ryans sold the plant to Mr. John Withers,
father of the present proprietor, in whose possession it has since
remained.

He left seven children in all viz. : Lewis Kelly, John, Robert
Buleod, Ingraham Brown, Mary Somerindyke, Sarah Mayhee,
and Leah. To his nephew — James Macombe — he left all the
printing materials belonging to him in New Brunswick.

After disposing of all his real and personal property the fol-
lowing curious bequest occurs in the will : —

" I will and bequeath my female slave Dinah her freedom im-
mediately after my decease, and that her two children, Cornelius
and Rachel, be retained in the service of my family, or bound
out to some creditable person until they come to the age of
twenty-one years, then to enjoy their freedom."

The will was witnessed by George Lilly, Notary Public, and
George Burton.

It would be interesting to discover what became of the chil-
dren, and if they secured their freedom. It will also interest
the historian of the future, if it be found that Dinah and her two
children, the bond slaves of John Ryan were the last victims of
the "great wrong" in Newfoundland.

Y a legal decision of the British Law Courts, A.D.
1772, in the case of a fugitive negro slave named
Somerset, it was decreed that once a slave put his
foot on English soil he was free, his shackles
touched

CH<RISTM&?S

I FEI.T as if all nature shared in the joy of the Great Birthhday.

GOING through the woods, the softness of my tread upon the
mossy ground and among the brown leaves enhanced the
Christmas Sacredness by which I felt surrounded. As the whit-
ened stems environed me, I thought how the Founder of the
Time had never raised His benignant hand, save to bless and
heal, except in the case ot one unconsious tree. I came to the vil-
lage, and the churchyard, where the dead had been quietly buried,
"in the sure and certain hope" which Christmas-time inspired.
What children could 1 see at play, and not beloving of, recall-
ing Who had loved them? No garden that I passed was out
of unison with the day, for I remembered that the Tomb was in
a garden, and that " she supposing him to be a gardener," had
said, " Sir, if thou have borne Him hence, tell me where thou
hast laid Him, and I will take him away." In time, the distant
river with the ships came full in view, and with it pictures
of the poor Fishermen, mending their nets, who arose and fol-
lowed Him, — of the teaching of the people from a ship pushed
off a little way from the shore, by reason of the multitude, of a
majestic figure walking on the water, in the loneliness of night.
My very shadow on the ground was eloquent of Christmas ; for
did not the people lay their sick where the mere shadows of the
men who had heard and seen Him might fall as they passed
along.

Thus Christmas begirt me far and near. — The Seven Poor
Trare//et-s—CHAS. DICKENS.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Unique in the Annals of C

rime.

By judge Prowse, LL.D.

VER and over again I have been pressed to tell the
story of the strange robbery and partial forgery of
ten thousand pounds' worth of Colonial notes at
the French Colony of St. Pierre, and the remark-
able way in which the offenders were brought to
justice. 1 have now decided to do so.
The title of my story, perhaps, needs some explanation. So
far as I know the crime I tracked out is unique The only
other case at all like it that I have heard of was the robbery of
boxes of Indian stamps cast ashore intact from a wrecked ship
in the Red Sea. and afterwards fraudently circulated through-
out Bengal, Bombay, Madras, whereby the Government of
India lost sixty thousand pounds. The perpetrators of this
fraud were never discovered. And now for my own narrative.

THE AUTHOR, HIS HONOUR JUDGE I'ROWSE, K.C., LL.D.

For thirty years it was my custom as a Government official to
indulge in an autumnal hqliday. Periodically I informed the
ruling powers that my heavy judicial labours were impairing
my health, and that in order to serve the public efficiently my
massive intellect required some weeks' repose. These applica-
tions, curiously enough, always corresponded with the grouse-
shooting season. One year there was neither assistant judge
nor clerk of the peace to take my place. To leave the city and
district for several days without judge or magistrate seemed
outrageous, but " where there's a will there's a way." I cleared
off every possible case, and left behind me a clean docket.

It was on this occasion that I first became connected with
the remarkable case of the forged bank-notes. I had thoroughly
enjoyed a delightful fortnight's holiday and was on my way
home when a telegraph boy ran after me with this message :
" Bring back Miller, of St.Pierre, now on his way to Holyrood."

This was curious. The Minister of Justice did not seem to
have taken into consideration the fact that I had not a shadow
of legal authority to compel " Miller " to return with me to the
capital. However, the Government had for years looked en me

as sort of handy-man for all kinds of work. At one time I was
district Judge, police-magistrate, by statue also police-inspector,
chairman of the Board of Health, surrogate of the Admirality
Court, president of the Royal Marine Court of Inquiry, and, to
crown all, they appointed me Naval Commander of the Bait
Squadron !

I had hard work to persuade Miller to return. He was, how-
ever, a Frenchman (though bearing an English name), and in
mighty dread of the law. His story was a very simple one. A
young woman, of rather dubious antecedents, had brought to
his shop in St.Pierre a blank five-pound Commercial Bank note,
complete in every respect save for the manager's and account-
ant's signatures. Miller took this paper to the bank in St.
John's and asked for payment. The officials laughed at him.

No one in the establishment seems to have comprehended at
the time what the incident of this unsigned note really meant.

To explain its real significance it is necessary to go back a
little. Several years before the Commercial Bank of St. John's,
Newfoundland, ordered through their stationers Messrs. W.
Brown and Co., of London, ten thousand pounds' worth of five-
pound notes. These were done up in booklets of one hundred,
enclosed in a tin-lined case, and then packed in a strong wooden
box, securely bound with iron. This box was shipped out to
Halifax, Nova Scotia, and there transferred to the steamer
Gaspe for St. John's. On the passage down the ship ran
ashore on the Dunes, a sandbank between Great and Little
Miquelon, near St. Pierre. The crew were saved, but in a
furious southerly gale the old vessel was dashed to pieces and
her cargo destroyed. The bank recovered the insurance on
their box, and for years after no more was heard of the ill-fated
Gaspe.

After Miller's application the bank officials began to get
alarmed. The blank note, they realized, must be one of the
issue lost in the steamer ! The puzzle was, how had it appear-
ed ? An examination of their currency revealed more notes of
the same issue, with— worst of all— the necessary signatures
forged t

On this startling discovery the bank people became greatly
disturbed, and in consequence I was ordered by telegraph to
find Miller and bring him back. I did so, but the man gave
us little assistance. All we discovered was that the girl who
gave him the note had in turn received it from a fisherman
named Jacquard, of Miquelon.

The case was now left in my hands, and a nice myslery it
looked. The amount of information I possessed upon which
to base any theory of the crime was as follows. I had before
me 'one blank unsigned note— that presented by Miller — and a
dozen or so other notes of the same issue bearing forged signa-
tures of the manager and accountant. I learned how they had
been packed in the box in which they travelled. Further, I
knew the French Islands of St. Pierre, and also something
about the ways of their inhabitants.

From the time the case was put in my hands, curiously enough,
it took complete possession of me. I could think of nothing
else. By degrees, as I cogitated over the known facts, every
incident of the affair became as clearly visible to me as if I had
been bodily present and actually seen the whole proceedings
with my own eyes. I wrote out an account of the complete
chain, of events as I believed they had occured. I felt as sure
of them as of my own existence. As the result will show, every
portion of my theory, down to the smallest detail, turned out to
be true facts.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

I described how the box had come ashore at Miquelon intact ;
how it had been found by a fisherman, who showed it to another ;
that between them they had taken the notes, or some of them,
to a low shopkeeper or huckster of St. Pierre. This go-between
in his turn had found an educated man of some position to
execute the forgeries. I described the four actors in the fraud
and the part that each took in the conspiracy — the man who
found the box and his companion at Miquelon, the marine-store
dealer to whom they took the notes, and the educated man who
forged the signatures. I also expressed my opinion that not
more than fifty of the notes had gone through the hands of the
forger.

When I came to tell my tale before the manager and directors
of the bank they were astonished, but it was evident that they
listened to me with absolute incredulity. My theories would
have been thrown aside altogether but for the action of John W.
Smith, a trained and experienced financier and manager of the
Union Bank. He informed the sceptics that in his opinion I
was absolutely right in my views, and he urged them to send
me to St. Pierre at once to investigate.

The directors, however, did not believe in me. and practically
told me so in dismissing me. Nevertheless, shortly afterwards,
I was again summoned to their presence. This time they
were thoroughly frightened, for more forged notes had been
discovered.

" This is an extraordinary story of yours," said the manager.
" Have you any outside facts to go upon that we do not know ?"

" Absolutely none," I said.

" You say the box was washed ashore intact and unbroken ;
how do you know that ?"

" Very simply. The notes are clean and unstained by sea-
water. They run in consecutive numbers out of one booklet.
That is proof that they have not been in the water or blown
about the beach."

" You are very positive this work was done at St. Pierre.
How do you prove that ?"

'' The ink used is French," I replied. " The forged notes
have all come from the French Colony, or from places trading
with St. Pierre ; none from northern outports that do no busi-
ness there."

I further informed the perturbed bankers that the two who
were executing the forgeries and putting the paper into circula-
tion were men of means and position who had something to lose,
consequently they were acting with extreme caution and putting
out the notes by ones and twos. " Not more than fifty notes
are out," I added.

Here I fancy the reader will say. " Your explanations are all
very well, but how could you possibly know both the number
and character of the persons who were engaged in the con-
spiracy ? You probably made a happy hit, but alter all it was
pure guess-work."

Well, in tracing out crime one should know not only the
character but the antecedents, habits, and motives of the accused.
One should also be able to piece together the broken links in
the slender chain of evidence, and the imagination should
work over all the probabilities and possibilities in the case. I
had considerable experience of wrecks and wreckers; I knew all
about the fisherman's ways and exactly what he would do in
such a case as this. Whilst in imagination I saw the very actors
in the drama, it was by a clear chain of reasoning that my mind
woiked out the problem. I knew from his actions that Jacquard,
the fellow who gave the unsigned note to the girl, was the finder
of the box. That he had an accomplice was clear from two
facts — firstly, the box would be too heavy for one man to
handle ; and, secondly, the working out showed another and
more cunning hand. As beach-combers and gatherers of wreck-
ed goods the finders would hold the fisherman's creed that gifts
from the ocean were theirs, and theirs only, sent to them by
special Providence. To hide these from the authorities and sell
them on the sly to the marine-store dealer would be their ob-
vious course of procedure. They would take the notes to an
old rascal in this line of business. Being illiterate, he would be
obliged to resort to a fourth man, educated enough to copy the
signatures from legally-signed notes in circulation among the
islands.

The bank directors were still in doubt, but at Mr. Smith's
urgent insistence they applied to the Government. The Attor-
ney-General, Sir J. I. Little, would not agree to my going on
what he called a " wild-goose chase." However, the Premier
prevailed, and I was sent off so hurriedly at the last that I had
not even time to go home and change my shooting-coat. After
a short but stormy passage of twenty hours in a little tub of a
steamer of only twenty tons, I arrived at the small French island
of St. Pierre. My business there soon made me the butt and
laughing-stock of the idle and witty Pierrois.

I shall never forget my first interview with the French Colo-
nial authorities. They were most polite and cordial, but evi-
dently thought that the idea of a smart and daring piece of
roguery having been perpetrated by the stupid Norman and
Breton fisherman of their little colony was altogether too absurd.
Everyone I met used to ask me with a sardonic grin, " Well,
Judge, have you caught the forgers of the billets tie banque f"

The Chief Justice and Procureur Imperial emphatically de-
clared that the work was done by the Gaspe's Yankee crew.
They had stolen the box of notes, they said, taken them to New
York, and forged the signatures in America.

Well aware of the difficulties placed in the way of foreigners
dealing with French officials, I had come provided wi{h a very
strong and urgent letter from our Governor Hill, requesting the
St. Pierre authorities to aid me in every way.

I knew the ruler of the little colony and his wife, and I
found both most cordial. Mme. Joubert, a cousin of Paul de
Cassagnac, was sympathetic; his Excellency the little Governor,
polite but incredulous. He told me that it was my vivid ima-
gination that had conjured up the story. " Our Bretons are far
too bete for such a finished and artistic business as this conspi-
racy," he said.

I pointed out to him the intimate relations between the
colonies, their constant use of our bank-notes, and the fact that
a large forged issue would injure his people as well as ours. All
through the business I must say that the Governor assisted me
very cordially, yet I had always to be rigidly on my guard in
dealing with him.

The only actual bit of evidence that I could produce at first
to the St. Pierre authorities was the statement from the girl
that the blank, unsigned five-pound note produced by Miller,
which I had brought with me, had been given to her by a fisher-
man called Jacquard, living at Miquelon, the larger island of
the St. Pierre group. I spent several days trying to get the
Chief Justice (who was also Procureur Imperial) to bring over
Jacquard from Miquelon and commence the inquiry. I pointed
out that this was the man who had found the box. He was
evidently a very simple fellow, or he would not have given the
girl the blank note. As the box was full of stationery besides
the notes, it would be too heavy for one man to carry. I
traced out the whole story for him, and he made a note of it ;
but, all the same, I could see he did not believe me, and kept
putting me off.

One morning I burst into the presence of the two assistant
judges. Whether it was my impulsive manner or my very
execrable French, I do not know, but his Honour had a fainting
fit. The wags promtly sent the report abroad that I had
killed the judge I

After another urgent appeal to the Governor, Jacquard was at
last brought over from Miquelon. He proved to be a typical
Norman, pig-headed and obstinate, and apparently intensely
stupid. Confronted with the girl, he flatly denied giving her
the blank note, Even the French inquisitorial system failed to
get anything out of this disappointing witness, and I was almost
in despair. The Procureur, however, was now on his mettle.
The obstinacy of Jacquard, his denial of such an obvious fact
as his giving the note, made the Procureur suspect that there
was a secret behind all of this. He noticed also the start Jacquard
gave when my story was told to him.

Inquiries were made. It was found out that the prisoner
had been a good deal in company with another Norman called
Roblot, a farmer and fisherman. They had also made several
secret trips to St. Pierre, and had been seen about the shop of
an old marine-store dealer called Bunot. So, according to the
Gallic method — without any evidence, and merely on suspicion

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

— Roblot and all his family were brought over to be examined.

After two days of cross-heckling and every kind of pressure
nothing was discovered, and all the witnesses, with the excep-
tion of Jacquard, were allowed to return home to Miquelon.
Two days after their dispatch, either from the solitary confine-
ment or the pricking of his guilty conscience, the prisoner
Jacquard gave way and made a full confession.

Months after the loss of the Gaspe and far away from the
scene of the wreck, he said, whilst walking on Miquelon beach,
he came across a large wooden box strongly bound with iron.
Whilst in the act of opening the box his neighbour, Roblot,
came along. The inside tin lining was cut open, and then, to
his disappointment, Jacquard found only a lot of small booklets.
"You fool!" said Roblot, "that's money!" Jacquard then
went on to relate how they carried the box up to the woods
after nightfall and hid it away.

After some time they went to St. Pierre, and showed a bundle
of notes to an old marine-store dealer called Bunot. This
rascal then made a bargain with them to divide the spoils, Bunot,
of course, getting the lion's share. Bunot was very ignorant,
but very rich. He had influence enough over a young French-
man of education and good family to make him join in the
conspiracy and forge the signatures. Thus for two years or
more, Bunot had been circulating the false notes in a very
cautious way, and the actual forger had died before the trial
came on.

This discovery was a great coup. The Procureur was wild
with delight, and, of course, claimed all the credit. Rejoiced as
I was over the confession, I felt at the same time in a terrible
predicament, for Roblot had gone home, and all the notes, with
the exception of one booklet, remained in his possession. Un-
less I secured the whole of the remaining one thousand nine
hundred and fifty unsigned notes I felt that my mission to St.
Pierre would be a failure. What would Roblot do ? That
was the momentous question. Would the fear of discovery
lead him to destroy the notes, or would he feel assured, after
the failure of the Procureur to elicit any information, that the
secret was ? My confidence mainly rested in his French peasants
avarice — that all-devouring passion which so often leads men to
their undoing.

To add to my anxiety a fog came down like a blanket and
there was no possible communication with Miquelon. Just at
this critical juncture of affairs, however, the little Newfoundland
steamer Greyhound put • into St. Pierre. The captain, Jacob
Simms, was an old -.friend of mine. I explained my position to
him, and he agreed to help me. He was on his way to Harbor
Breton, and so Miquelon lay in his course. He offered to land
myself, a police officer, and a pilot.

Now the question arose, coutd I persuade the touchy 'little
Governor to allow his official to be taken to Miquelon in an
English steamer? My friend McLoughlan, an American, came
to my assistance. Between us we drew up a most respectful
memorial to his Excellency, waited upon him with it, and finally
obtained his consent.

My next move was to get hold of M. Cantaloupe, the chief of
the local gendarmerie, a fine, stolid old soldier. My constant
ally, the host of the Lion d'Or, M. Hackela, Capitaine ties Sa/>-
euts Pompiers, otherwise head of the fire brigade, showed me
how to handle this official.

" You must drive into his head and keep on at it," said
Hackela. So, with his assistance, I procured two bottles of the
best Cognac that St. Pierre could afford and the choicest cigars.
At nightfall I went across like a conspirator, and spent nearly
the whole evening with the old warrior. Over and over again
we went through the programme for the next day. In pantomine,
under my instruction, my bold brigadier would go up to Roblot,
pistol in hand and sword by his side.

" Roblot," he cried, fiercely, " show me the box of notes or
you are a dead man !"

Next morning our little steamer set off in the densest of fogs.
M. Cantaloupe and the pilot were landed at Miquelon The
chief marched up into the hills, caught Roblot wood-gathering
put the pistol to his head, and faithfully repeated the formula I
had taught him : '• Show me the notes, Roblot, or you are a
dead man !"

Cantaloupe, backed by the revolver, had a mighty taking man-
ner, and soon, carefully concealed in a dense thicket, the box of
notes was revealed intact, with only the single booklet missing.
There was great excitement in the little island next day when
Canteloupe marched up to the Palois de Justice with the box.

I was not present at the trial, but I learned afterwards that
M. Solomon, the prisoners' counsel, made an eloquent appeal to
the national feelings of the jury.

" Would they convict their own countrymen," he pleaded, " at
the instance of such an individual as the one who had come
there, pretending to represent the British authorities in the case?
However, the prisoners were duly convicted and sentenced,
Bunot, the old marine-store dealer, the chief criminal, to twenty-
one years' penal servitude, Roblot to fourteen, and Jacquard to
seven years.

In conclusion I must briefly record one most amusing episode in
this curious affair. The bank directors and their manager, finding
results so long delayed, lost faith in me. They took it into
their heads that a certain Franco-American gentlemen, connected
with the telegraph company, was the real culprit. So day after
day this suspected official would hand me message about him-
self and his supposed crimes, and I had to gravely hand back
my replies, promising faithfully to attend to their instructions
about him. The official was always as solemn as an owl. I
must confess, however, that I had hard work at times to keep
my countenance. And so ended my connection with this re-
markable case.

THE 'PRIEST'S WELL.

Bv Dan Carroll.

THERE'S many a lone aud dreary road around this storm-swept shore,

Made sacred by the hero-priest who toiled in days before

The wand of Progress waved above thjs land ; it thus befell,

The " old Priests" made on many a don'n and ridge the roadside well.

They're almost holy, almost shrines, altho' no emblem lifts
Above their wave, save here and there, the grandeur of the cliffs :
The traveller here will stoop to drink and oft his avcs tell,
And bless the dear Soggarth Aroon who built the wayside well.

There's many a legend weird and strange, rehearsed by fishermen
Of those old halting spots, so lone, by mountain-path and glen ;
But oh ! their waters, sweeter far than legendary lays,
Are whispering to the wilderness the pioneer Fathers' praise.

Foot-worn and weary, here at dusk, at dawn, at noon, at night.
From this lone rugged wayside fount, he's quaffed the waters bright,
When toiling towards the home bereft, the stricken to console,
Or hurrying o'er the cliffs to shtive the dying sinner's soul.

Beneath the stars of Summer nights, alone you've trod the moor,
And sought thro' bittei Winter's wrath, the dying fisher's door;
And here above this stone-rimmed well, my Fancy sees thee lean,
Then cross thyself, to face again, the waste that lay between.

Oh ! valiant days of faithful saints,— Erin, thou well mayst boast,
For they were sturdy sons of thine, the vanguard of a host —
Who raised the standard of thy Faith above this Western Land,
From this sea-girdled Isle of Ours to far Pacific's strand.

That Faith, with ardent steadfast hearts we cherish, may it swell,
As pure and fresh'ning as the stream that feeds the wayside well ;
Forever springing towards the light, yes, may this Faith of thine, —
Spring ever, e'en in dreary wastes, from out the Rock Sublime.

Your monuments, oh ! warrior priests are in the hearts of men
Enshrined in deeds of valour, well remembered now, as when
You braved the tempest and the sea, and on the frail craft's deck
Faced for thy Faith the raging tide, gaunt Famine's fang and wreck.

God grant us zeal in this our day to strive to emulate,
The fervour of those grand old priests, those Fathers of the Faith ;
And let that Faith's bright fountain pure, to many a byeway come,
To cheer the parched and dreary ways, and lead the wanderer home.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

BAIN[, JOHNSTON & Co.

Street, St. John's, Newfoundland,

General Merchants and Ship Owners.

EXPORTERS OF

Codfish, Cod Oil, Seal Oil, Seal Skins,

Codlivet Oil (Norwegian process^

Salmon, Split Herring, and Lobsters,

Sealing Steamers for Arctic hire. Steamers on Labrador
requiring COALS can be supplied at Battle Harbor, at
entrance to Straits of Belle Isle, where there is telegraphic
communication.

.* NEWMAN'S

Celebrated Port Wine,

In Cases of 1 doz. each,
at $3.25 in Bond ; also,

in Hogsheads, Quarter Casks aJLd Octaves.

*£

Baine, Johnston & Co,,

AGENTS,

Bowring Brothers,

Limited. •

Ship Owners, Brokers, and General Merchants.

Exporters of Codfish, Salmon, Herring, Seal Oil, Seal Skins,
Cod Oil, Lobsters, Whale Oil, Whale Bone, Etc.

AGENTS FOR LLOYD'S.

London Salvage Ass3ciation. New Swiss Lloyd's.

Represented by C. 1. BOWRING & Co., Ltd., of Liverpool, London, Cardiff.
Represented by BOWRINS & Co., New York and San Francisco.

CODES — Scott's, Watkins, A. B. C., Western Union, Premier, &c.
Cables : — " BOWRING," St. John's.

HEARN & Co.

WHOLESALE DEALERS IN

PORK — Family Mess, Family, Ham Butt, Bean,
Loins, Jowls and Hocks.

BEEF — Boneless, Packet, Plate, and Cuttings.
MOLASSES — Puncheons, Tierces, Barrels.
SUGAR — Granulated, Yellow and Cubes.

— ALSO —

CATTLE FEED, Corn, Cornmeal, Rolled
Oats, Oatmeal, etc.

RAISINS and Currants, all qualities.

AGENTS FOR

Libby's famous Canned Meats.

A. HARVEY &

St. John's, Newfoundland.

Manufacturers of

. No. i & No. 2 Hard Bread,
Soda, Pilot, Lunch, and
Fancy Biscuits.

<£

Be sure to ask for HARVEY'S

Soda, Pilot, and Lunch Biscuits.

"They are Leaders."

5 Queen &
fire Insurance Companp

FUNDS.. ...$40,000,000

III III 111*111 I 'I til It I I I

INSURANCE POLICIES

Against Loss or Damage by Fire

are issued by the above

well known office on the most

liberal terms.

nil t I I 'I"!''!' THi'M I I I I I

JOHN CORMACK,

AGENT FOR NEWFOUNDLAND.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

PROCLAMATION

WM. MACGREGOR
Governor.

[L.S.]

By His Excellency Sir WILLIAM MAC-GREGOR,
Doctor of Medicine, Knight Commander of
the Most Distinguished Order of Saint
Michael and Saint George, Companion of
the Most Honourable Order of the Bath,
Governor and Commander-in- Chief , in and
over the Jsland of Newfoundland and its
Dependencies.

\X1HEREAS it is provided by Chapter 23 of 2 Edward VII.,
•*' entitled " An Act to amend the Post Office Act, 1891,"
that upon the recommendation of the Board appointed under the
provisions of the said Act, the Governor in Council shall by
Proclamation give notice of any alteration of name, naming or
re-naming of places within this Colony, provided that Public
Notice of such proposed alteration of name, naming, or re-nam-
ing of places shall have been given for Three Months previous ;

And whereas by Public Notice, of date the 6th clay of March,
1906, certain alterations of name and re-naming of places within
this Colony were notified, as required by the above-mentioned
Act ;

I do, therefore, by this my Proclamation, order and direct
that the alteration of name and re-naming of places within this
Colonly, as contained in the said Public Notice of the 6th of
March, 1906, shall come into effect from the date of these
presents, that is to say :

1. Ragged Harbour, District of Trinity, to be re-named
" Melrose " ;

2. Western Arm, Rocky Bay, District of Fogo, to be re-named
" Carmanville " ;

3. Grand River Gut, Codroy Valley. District of St. George,
to be re-named " Searston " ;

4. Flat Islands, District of Bonavista, to be re-named
" Samson " ;

5. Spaniard's Bay, District of Trinity, to be re-named
" Spaniard's Cove " •

6. Fox Island, Bay, d' Espoir, District of Fortune, to be
re-named " Isle Galet " ;

7. Cat's Cove, Conception Bay, District of Harbour Main,
to be re-named •' Avondale North";

8. Middle Bight, District of Harbour Main, to be re-named
"Codner";

9. Crabb's, District of St. George, to be re-named " Crabbe's."

Given under my Hand and Seal, at the Government House,
St. John's, this i8th day of June, A.D., 1906.
By His Excellency's Command,

ARTHUR MEWS,

Deputy Colonial Secretary.

Opening of New Cable Route to South

America, "Via Commercial-Azores-St. Vincent."

yV CCELERATED Service. Most direct line to Pernambuco, Para,

Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Santos, Montevideo, Buenos Ayres, and other

places in South America. All cable route to Uruguay and Argentine. To

insure messages being sent by this route they must be filed at Postal

Telegraph Offices.

H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

Notice to Mariners.

No. 6 of 1906.
NEWFOUNDLAND

IVIOTICE is hereby given that Fixed White Lights have
recently been placed at the entrance to the undernamed
harbours in White Bay :

Canada Bay, Aiguillettes or Inglee Harbour

Latitude. .. 56° 43' 30" North. ) .
Longitude.. 59° 06' oo" West, j APProx-

St. Main Bay, St. Anthony Harbour.

Latitude... 51° 22' oo" North.
Longitude.. 55° 33' oo" West.

th. ) .

t> jApprox.

Straits of Bell Isle, Red Bay.

Western End of Saddle Island.
Latitude. . . 51° 43' oo'' North. )
Longitude.. 56° 25' oo" West. } APProx-

Each Light is exhibited from a lens lantern, hoisted to an
open frame-work painted white, and will be kept in operation
during period of open navigation, or from June to end of
December annually.

These lights are established as " harbour lights" only.

W. B. PAYN,

Acting Deputy Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Department of Marine and Fisheries,

St. John's, Nflii., October 22nd, 1906.

NOTICE TO

Ship Owners.

NOTICE is hereby given that all the provisions

of the Merchant's Shipping Acts and of the

RulCS made thereunder in respect of Life Saving
Appliances will be rigidly enforced, and that when
a notice is received from any Surveyor of Ships
appointed by the Governor under the provisions of
Section 727, of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894,
any ship is not properly provided with Life Saving
Appliances, all Customs Officers will be instructed
to refuse a clearance to any such ship until a Certi-
ficate under the hand of any such Surveyor is pro-
duced to the effect that the said ship is properly
provided with Life Saving Appliances in conformity
with the said Act.

ELI DAWE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Marine and Fisheries'1 Department,
St. Johris, Nfld., November, 1906.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Supreme Court of Newfoundland,

List of Deputy Sheriffs.

SOUTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

Mobile

John T. Fitzgerald.

Belleoram

J. Pearce.

Joseph Camp.

Placentia and St. Mary's.

Jas. J. Bishop

Benjamin Chapman.

Salmonier

Francis R. Curtis.

Burgeo

Burgeo and La Poile . .

Albert Kelland.

Matthew Nash.

James H. Wilcox.

Flat Island

Burin

St. George

Henry Gallop.

Thomas B. Doyle.

Abraham Tilley.

Simeon Jennex.

Eli Harris.

Bay of Islands

Daniel J. Gilker.

St. Barbe

Geo Halfyard.

NORTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

St Barbe

James Johnson.

King's Cove

Bonavista

Noah Burge.
Isaac Manuel
John W. James.
Noah Miller.
Edmond Benson.
R. Currie.
Galeb Tuck.
George Janes.
George Leawood.

„

Wm. A. Toms.
Constable T. Walsh.
V. J. Leary.
Peter Campbell.
Thomas Roberts.
William Lanning.
Peter Moores.
J. T. Bendle.
George S. Lilly.
Alfred G. Young.
William Baird.

Tilt Cove

Pilley's Island

((

Foster's Point

Eliel Noseworthy.

Charles Kendell.
A. Targett.
Moses Bursey.
Reuben Curtis.
Eli Garland.
Ewen Kennedy.
Ernest Forward.
John Trapnell.

A. Hieilihy.
Benjamin Butler.

James Murphy.
William Maher.
William Butler.
A. E. Rees.
John H. Bennett.
Edward Harding.

((

Ambrose Fitzgerald.
George Foster.
Philip Perry.

Old PerKcan

Bay-de-Verde

„

Bay-de-Verde

Lower Island Cove. . . .
Western Bay

Robert Pike.
Adam Bradley.
N. Gillingham.
Jacob Hefferton.
Wm. Sainsbury.
Peter Roberts.

Musgrave Harbor

• |

Carbonear

)

Wesleyville

" |

„

v> . J .-,

Conception Harbor . . .

Harbor Main

(«

Thomas Wornell.
Charles Kean.
Mark Gibbons.

John Burden.

„

Holyrood

„

Middle Bight

• u

Bell Isl'd — Lance Cove.
Bell Island— Beach
Portugal Cove

St. John's East

„

Alexander Bav . .

November rqob.

JAMES CARTER, Sheriff, Newfoundland.
W J. CARROLL, Sub-Sheriff,

John Carew

CONTRACTOR and BUILDER.

Undertaking specially attended to.

Always on hand a large and varied stock of
Caskets and Coffins ; silver-plated and other
mountings. Branches, Stands, and all re-
quisits furnished at shortest notice.

JOHN CAREW, - - - 10 Carew Street.

/. &J. Maddock

General Importers of Dry Goods,

Groceries and Provisions

Purchasers of Fish, Oil, &c

Carbonear, Newfoundland.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

1 906 Greeting 1 906

I AC I PH A HI IVIIIII^ desires to publicly thank his many
J/1O. J. l/ll/llllllllU, fiiends for their kind patronage

• during the past year, and wishes
them, one and all, a Very Merry Xmas.

We respectfully draw your attention to our Stock of
PERFUMERY!

It is the very choicest obtainable, and being put up in fancy
boxes, baskets, &c., would make ideal Xmas Presents.

We also carry a full line of
Perfume Sprays, Shaving Brushes,

Sachet Powders, Fancy Toilet Soaps,

Toilet Boxes, Smelling Bottles,

Hair Brushes, Washing Gloves,

in fact a complete assortment of everything necessary for Toilet and
Medicinal purposes.

A visit to our Store will convince you, that right here is the best
place to buy anything in the above line.
We defv competition in goods or prices.

MANNING'S DRUG STORE,

148 and 130 New Cower Street. Open till n o'clock every night.

Mrs. A. Mitchell,

ladies' Sutfitter.

Mantles, Millinery, Dress Goods,
Hosiery, Gloves, Laces and
Trimmings of all kinds.

IN STOCK

English and American Silk Blouses,
Underwear and Novelties*

EUROPEAN AGENCY.

INDENTS promptly executed at lowest cash prices for all
kinds of British and Continental goods, including : —
Boots, Shoes and Leather.
Chemicals and Druggists' Sundries.
China, Earthenware and Glassware.
Drapery, Millinery and Piece Goods.
Fancy Goods, Perfumery and Stationery.
Hardware and Machinery.
Photographic and Optical Goods.
Provisions and Oilmen's Stores.

et -., etc.

Commission 2 ^ per cent, to 5 per cent.
Trade Discounts allowed.
Original Invoices supplied.
Special Quotations on Demand.
Sample Cases from £10 upwards.
Consignments of Produce Sold on Account.

WILLIAM WILSON & SONS,

(Established 1814.)

25, Abchurch Lane, London, E. C.

Cable Address : "ANNUAIRE, LONDON."

J.V.O'DEA&Co.

WHOLESALE.

flour, Provisions and Teed.

ST. JOHN'S.

Thomas Smyth, Co., Ltd.

Wholesale Dealers in

Provisions, Groceries, fruit, Etc.

Head McBride's Hill Duckworth Street, St. John's, Nfld.

Public Notice.

l^IOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that His Excellency the
^ Governor in Council has been pleased to reserve from
the operation of the Crown Lands' Act a strip of land along
the North shore of Sandy Point, in the District of Saint George,
200 yards wide from high water mark on said shore, for the
piotection of Sandy Point.

The public are, therefore, notified that the cutting of trees or
bushes on the said strip of land for any purposes whatever
is strictly prohibited, any person so cutting will be liable to
prosecution.

R. BOND,

Colonial Secretary .
Colonial Secretary's Office, October 2jr/i, 1906.

Published by Authority

f~\N the recommendation of the Minister of Agriculture and Mines,
^"' His Excellency the Governor in Council has been pleased to direct
that the following piece of land be reserved from lease or grant, namely : —
All that piece or parcel of land, situate and being inland from Bay Saint
George, commencing at a point at the intersection of the South boundary
of Lot 15 granted to the Reid-Newfoundland Company, with the North-
East boundary of land granted to the New York, Newfoundland and Lon-
don Telegraph Company, Limited, running thence East (true) twelve miles,
thence South (true) to a line, the Eastern intersection of the South bound-
ary of Lot 13 granted to the Reid-Newfoundland Company; thence West
to the South-East angle of Lot 13 aforesaid, and thence by the said lot, by
mining locations leased to Honourable Philip Cleary, and by the aforesaid
land granted to the New York, Newfoundland and London Telegraph
Company, Limited, to the point of commencement.

R. BOND,

Colonial Secretary i
Secretary's Office, 28 Ik August, 1906.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Tlie WJiite D

war:

&f gnosT STORY.

'J I have heard (but not believed) the spirit of the dead
May walk again * * »"

, — Shakspeare.

0NCE upon a time, and a very good time it was,
every house in Newfoundland had an open
fire place. During the long winter nights,
after the lamp had been trimmed, the hearth
swept, and fresh logs piled on the cheerful dog-
irons ; alter the father had filled and lit the pipe,
the mother brought out her knitting and the neighbouring boys
and girls had dropped in for a gossip, all hands drew their
chairs around the bright hospitable log-fire, and basked in its
ruddy beams.

Every neighbourhood had one or two houses, where after tea
the boys and girls, old and young, would congregate. These
were the clubs, public libraries, and the rallying places where
the good simple people, after the chit-chat and light gossip
had been disposed of, heard of the deeds of daring of their
forbears, the early history of the country as it passed from
father to son, and propagated and perpetuated the traditions of
the race, historical, social and religious.

In fact so accurately were some of those traditions passed by
"word o' mouth," by people whose compass was limited to a
very narrow circle of human interests, that it was n«t an uncom-
mon happening that a grand-son would detail word for word as
it had fallen from the lips of a grandsire long gathered to his
fathers, a bng and interesting account of some great visitation,
or of some event of note in the history of the seal or cod fishery, in
which his ancestors had been participants nearly a century previ-
ous, and narrate it in the same words that it had been described
in a hundred times before. Sometimes the evening would be en-
livened by the singing of the old songs and ballads, in which as
often as not, the whole company joined : or the singer par excel-
lence of the neighborhood rendered with such feeling and pathos
some homely old melody, that it not only earned the hearty
approbation of these unaffected people, but under other circum-
stances, the voice and the singer possessed real merit enough,
to compel attention and applause from a much larger and far
more critical audience.

At Christmas time especially these gatherings were an insti-
tution as real and as regular as the feast itself. And after the
laugh and jest had gone round and the folks had settled down
in real earnest, then the oracle of the neighbourhood got his
chance, and narrated with minute detail, his celebrated ghost
story. Everyone knew it, had heard it a hundred times, but
like the fairy tales of children, it never lost its savour. This
was followed perhaps by the criticisms of a doubter, who ques-
tioned if ever anyone had seen a real ghost. And then some
father of the hamlet, whose truth and integrity had never been
questioned, would give the details of a ghostly apparition that
had appeared to some close friend of his, with such attention to
the most trifling detail of time, when and where, that all doubts
would be dispelled, the doubter silenced, and the circles gath-
ered closer together. Once started, stories of ghosts and goblins,
spirits and apparitions, of fairies and mysterious warnings, would
follow each other in rapid succession ; a hush would come over
the gathering, the least noise would cause a trembling and he
who would first move to go homeward, although a little nervous
now, would be the stamp of man who feared no mortal danger
on land or sea. The startling of one, was the signal for all.
If one lived a long distance or had to pass an " eerie place " or a
graveyard, the chances are that the whole company accompanied
him to his own door.

.1 had often in my boyhood attended such gatherings, and
though I did not believe in ghosts (in the day), often in the
dark nights when walking a lonely road, the tales told of old
time ghosts, would come vividly back to me, and have the effect
of quickening my footsteps, making my sight and hearing more

alert, and of lubricating my heels if I heard any sound not too
obviously commonplace.

Some years ago I lived in a near outport. I was coming
home one night late from a visit to a friend of mine who lived
about three miles distant. It was a night in drear November.
It was a soft muggy night, and I could hear like a distant moan,
the "rote" of the sea on the beach a half a mile off. It was more
like a spring night than an autumn one, and there was a dense
white fog over all the land. The hour was just near midnight, and
the rote and the soughing of the spruce and fir trees, and the
noises of the night and the thought that it was just the time
when graveyards yawn tightened my nerves a bit and made me
a wee bit apprehensive.

In fact I was in that state of nerve tension which a heavy
drinker experiences when he is recovering from an orgy that he
celebrates well, but not wisely, when as the saying is, " if you
snap your fingers behind him suddenly, he'll go to wing," —
when I saw the white dwarf. I was about half way home, at a
place on the main line, where a road leaves it at right angles
leading to the beach. It was no delusion, no trick of over-
wrought fancy or heated imagination, — there, right before me
on the corner of the bye-road, mopping his head with one
hand, stood a little white man, looking straight at me.

I could <ee, plainly and distinctly as the haze would permit,
a small white man standing upright ; I could see his legs quite
plainly, and could see between them to the road beyond ; I
could see his body plainly, and I could see him distinctly waving
one arm at me. He never spoke a word. I gazed at him with
a fearful intensity, and while I gazed I suddenly felt a cold per-
spiration cover my whole body; my hair performed a feat of
which I had often heard and discredited until that moment, — it
really and truly and literally " stood of an end," and nearly
precipitated my hat to the ground; my back bone tingled, like
as if a cold, dead hand traversed it up and down, and my knees
trembled perceptibly. I stood an instant and gazed on him as
intently as if I had been hypnotized. He did not utter a sound
or speak a word, and I remembering in time that it was not
good to be the first to speak in a case like this, recovered my-
self and moved on. Every sense of my being was alert. I kept
my eyes glued on the white dwarf, and walked a dozen paces
or so when he moved : I braced every muscle for swift and
instant flight. He moved again. I heard his feet rattle on the
stones ; I involuntarily turned my footsteps, and walked right
towards him ; I could no more stop myself than can the needle
when it comes within the scope of the magnet. I got nearer,
and was just going to ask him his business with me in God's
name, when he looked around.

A revulsion of feeling seized me ; I grasped the first stone I
could lay hand to, I hurled it at him with full force, and I exor-
cised him as effectively with a bit of a boulder as if I had done
it with bell-book and candle. The white dwarf disappeared,
and you can imagine my feelings of chagrin and disgust, when I
saw a scraggy old pony trotting down the road. He had been
grazing "end on" to me, he had been wisping himself with his
tail ; he had nearly driven me into hysterics ; in a few moments
he had punished me for years of scoffing at apparitions ; and
then when I had re-erected all my theories about ghosts and hob-
goblins, and had recanted and repented all my heretical utter-
ances as to their existence, this mean, scraggy, half-starved,
barnless old pony shattered them as completely as my chunk of
sandsone did the little white dwarf.

RICE, happy morn, rise holy morn,
Draw forth the cheerful day from night ;

Oh Father; touch the East, and light

The light that shone when Hope was botn.

— Tennyson.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Jyletrofiolitan

Lawrence.

By Rev. J. A.

OT the Official Capital, nor yet the Ancient Capital,
for these distinctions pertain to Ottawa and Quebec.
Still Montreal is the London or New York, or Paris
of the Canadian Dominion.

Even if the West and the North-West were to
develop civilization hitherto unparalleled, it would
yet take them many a long day to evolve a civic
community equal to the Imperial City of the Saint
A river boat — The Duchess of \ork — brought your
correspondent down the Ottawa River, and then into the Saint
Lawrence where the ship, after passing under a colossal bridge
which at that point spans the river, landed its living freight at
one of the many piers which project into the tide from the great
city. The steaming along the two rivers gave opportunity to
study some of the finest river scenery that could be witnessed.
The waters broaden at several places into inland seas, whilst
the tide here and there ripples the surface. Wooded islands
and shores, still studded with the growth of primeval nature,
enhanced the attractiveness of the landscape. The boat touch-
ed at a few places, where country towns are established. At
every place substantial stone piers offered landing facilities for
peiple and goods. The water route presented an animated
appearance. White sailed pleasure boats disported on either
side of the steamer, whilst often, the curving shape of some
venturesome canoe would come in sight, and the man paddling
his own canoe, would drive the boat into the swollen tide in the
wake of the steamer when the plucky little craft would be flung
about like a cork, to the great delfght of the steamer's pass-
engers and no doubt to the satisfaction of the man with the
canoe. Occasionally, too. some bold swimmers would plunge
then headlong in the tide-like Horatius of antique fame, and
swim out for the centre of the river as though to race the
steamer. The steamer's deck was a throng of humanity, all
intent on the many points of interest along the shore. Cana-
dians take a keen artistic delight in the varied beauties of their
great river.

The St. Lawrence is to them what the Atlantic Ocean
is to Newfoundland. It is the great water-way of their com-
merce, and its coasts and islands, and winding channels and
turbulent rapids, make it an outlet for pleasure seekers and a
great conveyance for the products of the country. Even as
Canadians more and more appreciate the attractive landscape
and the many utilities of their great country-penetrating river.

So doubtless shall Newfoundlanders each year set more and
more value on the oceanic environment of their Atlantic girdled
home, and shall more and more appreciate that wonderful com-
bination of headlands and harbors; bays, creeks, channels and
island ; verdant fields, and endless forest vistas which give an
interest indescribable to the sea margin of the country. Now
that the Ancient Colony has fully and fairly entered on a
tourist era, it will soon be as fashionable to make a complete
tour of the Island from the centre to the sea, and from St.
Pierre to Labrador as it is to-day to make a river voyage
through Canada or a trip up the Mediterranean.

Travellers from other lands seem to be setting a pace for the
average Newfoundlander in the matter of exploring the coastal
recesses, and wonderful inland spaces of the Island. How-
ever, the time is now come when the H umber and Exploits, and
Bays, Lakes and Islands, hitherto deemed remote as Cathay
shall be the recognized holiday haunts both of resident New-
foundlanders and of summer guests in the Island. One of the
chief interests attaching to a voyage from the Ottawa River to
the St. Lawrence, is the passing of Lachine Rapids, which pass-
ing occurs nearly at that point where the two rivers mingle their
waters. The place is studded with rocks and shoals: some
appearing above the water, some completely submerged. The
tides run on such a complicated system as to strike the ship ap-
parently at a dozen opposite points at the same time. Here
are Scylla and Charybdis, for there are sharp-edged rocky pro-
jections on either side of the boat, sharp enough to bore a hole

O'Rcffly. D.D.

through steel or timber if the wheels-man should divert the
course in the slightest degree. As the boat goes along she seems
to be charged from a number of opposite points, and occasion-
ally appears to tilt over or to run on some shoal. None of these
things happens, but you feel that the steering must be extreme-
ly delicate to bring the boat through such a labyrinth of rocks,
shoals and racing cross currents. The view of the water sur-
face, as it foams in its white rage, tells of the many obstacles
which Lachine Rapids might present to smooth navigation :
until science, practically applied, had conjured the natural diffi-
culties. As the boat goes through the Rapids, the passengers
press forward to take in the scene as presented from the steam-
er's prows. A wild war of tide and rock, and a dragging motion
of the vessel, no doubt, affords the " spice of danger" which
they say is a not unpleasant element in seafaring.

Lachine Rapids are not unapt figures of the surging tides of
human commerce flowing through the streets of a great city.
There you have the currents and cross currents of people all
intermingled with cabs and street cars and motor cars and every
species of vehicle that was ever set on wheels. In this respect
Montreal is like all other vast communities. High above the
restless sea of human life, rise the towers and steeples of many
churches. The silver like dome of St. James's Cathedral and the
" gorgeous turrets of Notre Dame " will challenge the admira-
tion of all. St. James's is an exact copy of St. Peter's Rome and
Notre Dame is modelled on the church of the same title in
Paris. In St. James's you find a copy of the great Roman pic-
ture, the last, communion of St. Jerome. The sainted and patri-
archal figure of the great recluse of Bethlehem kneels on the
ground to receive the viaticum. A large lion crouches near the
cave. The dying saint is upheld by attendants, and the com-
munion under both species of bread and wine, according to
Greek rite, is given by- an ecclesiastic assisted by a Deacon in
Dalmatics. In the church is also a bronze effigy of the Pontiff,
after the model of that in Rome. The High Altar of Montreal
Cathedral is surmounted by twisted bronze columns, just as is
the Pontifical Altar in the Roman Basilica. In fact nearly every
detail of the famous Roman ecclesiastical structure is repro-
duced in the Montreal Church. Externally, too, the buildings
are ulike in form. The front roof of the Montreal Cathedral,
has the statues of the Apostles, whilst a grand Dome surmounted
by ball and cross, crown the edifice. Notre Dame, Montreal, is
as the Notre Dame in Paris. The square towers, the varie-
gated architecture within, the small but rich church at the rear
of the grand altar, and the tremendous bells in the turrets, are
as you find them in the great Parisian prototype. These
churches are always visited by travellers, and every hour of the
day may be seen a stream of people in and out for devotional
exercises. A church is never more eloquent of peace than when
it stands near the " central roar" of a great city. All around it
ebbs and flows the unceasing war-fare of human life, but there
is peace before the tabernacle and at the foot of the cross.
There you have the shadow of the rock in a sun-scorched land ;
the oasis in the Desert; the ''raging whirlwind's heart of peace"
Montreal is a city of many churches but St. James's and Notre
Dame will claim the special interest of every visitor.

In St. James's Street, a many storied newspaper office, that
of the Star fronts the city. A crowd gathered in front of that
drew my attention. It is odd that nothing is easier than to
collect a crowd in a large city. This time I thought it might
be a ''horse down" or a motor smash, or a man selling nostrums,
but it was nothing more tragic than the placing of bulletins in
front of the Star office, giving notice to the public of the chang-
ing fortunes of a great game of LaCrosse, then being fought pro
aris etfocis between Montreal and somebody else in another
part of the country. No Russian Revolution, or Californian
Earthquake, could have centred more attention than reports
from the LaCrosse field. I don't know who won ; and I suppose
the " gentle reader" will scarcely care.

Montreal of a Sunday offers its features of interest. The functions to-day

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

at Notre Dame were most impressive. The high altar, profusely strewn
with electric lights, shone like gold. A great concourse of accolytes assisted
at the ceremony— all in red cassocks. There are churches here for both
the French and English speaking peoples. St. Patrick's is a most popular
place of worship for the latter, though the various religious orders — Jesuits,
Franciscans and others have their churches.

Extensive tours of the city surroundings may be made either by street
cars or river boats. The latter are kept running continually, and serve to
enormously develop the tourist trade. When Newfoundland becomes the
greatest tourist country in America it will require a constant service of such
ferries to make short routes between St. John's and all ports that may be
reached and returned from in the course of a day. A day's trip by sea be-
tween St. John's and various points of Conception Bay would be a holiday
outing as they understand it here. In foreign cities that have such com-
manding heights as Signal Hill, Southside Hill and Freshwater Valley,
they make it a point to construct carriage roads through and over them so
as to open up panoramic views of ocean, country and city. Such drives
are special features in every 'city from Naples to Montreal. The " Moun-
tain" is the Signal Hill in the latter city. Splendid roads go there, and the
views obtainable from its height are such as to include the whole scene.
Travellers in Edinburgh will remember the great Mountain Drive to " Uncle
Arthur's Seat," which is the Signal Hill of " Auld Reekie." And I may
also refer to the Athenian Accropolis, the Signal Hill of the Greek Metro-
polis. A city and country are best appreciated from some mountain peak,
and cities ambitious of scenic distinction always bring such places in reach
of travellers by roads. The expense is compensated by the new interest
which such arteries of commerce develop in a country. The Cabot Tower
commands the finest ocean and land views imaginable, so that a road lead-
ing around it and opening up the Norwegian or Orkney Island scenery to
the seaward will possibly be amongst the enterprizes of. the new era.

Amongst the public establishments of the city, the Bank of Montreal,
the City Hall, Temple Building, and the railway offices are all notable
structures. The Bank of Montieal is internally constructed on a very ex-
pensive plan. Its gilded ceiling is sustained by a seiies of pillais made of
polished Vermont gianite — lustrous as the finest marble. These have
Corinthian and Ionic columns of bronze, and pedestals of Belgic marble.

The City Hall includes a number of law offices, a library, and a Hall of
Justice. From its Dome, ascended by elevator, your correspondent had a
very good outlcok on part of the City, harbor and river. One of the most
prominent sights from that point is the Victorian Bridge which by a series
of aiches joins the tv\o banks of the St. Lawrence. One of the most com-
prehensive views of Montieal is that from the Towers of Notre Dame,
to which the ascent is made by elevator. The geneial appearance of the
city is rather of a level; the Mountain, however, rising in tree clad slopes,
varies this levelness and introduces a vista of primeval forest into the
heart of the City. Within the Notre Dame turret may be seen the largest
Bell on the American Continent. It is a tremendous piece of netal and
must produce a great volume of sound heard, doubtless, for many a mile
beyond the city's furthest bounds. The walls and ceiling of Notre Dame
Church are most elaborately decorated and give the impiession of great
richness. The City streets to-day were animated by a novel spectacle : the
marching through of the Massachusetts Regiment, now touring Canada,
and being feastad by the Canadians. The soldiers, uniformed in blue,
made a martial appearance, as they went through St. James Street four
deep. The marching columns were loudly applauded by onlookers on
sidewalks and in windows. Several British soldiers were in the military
pr< .cession, and came in for a very large share of popular applause. The
railway offices in Montreal are centres of great interest during tourist
season. They distribute tourist literatuie in tons, and issue tickets for the
whole globe. The amount of business which tney dispose of must be
phenomenal This year the tourist movement, all over Canada, was the
greatest in man's memory. This general wave of tourist travel is bound to
sweep all over Newfoundland and Labrador after a few seasons.

In Newfoundland the question of being the greatest tourist field in Am-
erica, will be a question of hotels and railways. The manifold attractions
of the sea coast, and the boundless opportunities for foiest and river sport,
are matters of general concession. The issuing of tourist literature, the
facilitating of travel, and the housing of arrivals, will be the practical ques-
tions for the Newfoundland Tourist Association when it opens shop.

One of the treats of Montreal is to make the ascent of Mount Royal
Park by the railway. This height rises by seven or eight hundred feet of
sheer precipice fiom the ground level. It is profusely covered with trees,
divided into groves by splendid roadways, and gives the best and most ex-
tensive views of Montreal that could be obtained. In fact this hill would
seem to be planted there with the express puiposeof dominating city, river
and country. To ascend or descend that all but straight precipice by the
sliding railway is quite an experience, and many people shrink the experi-
ment. If you can picture a railway climbing from the sea-level up one of
the straightest and highest precipices of Signal Hill, you can form a not
exaggerated idea of the railway voyage up Mount Royal. Whether looking
upwards from your car as you are winched up by a triple cable, or whether
you look down as you descend, you seem to have the unique and original
sensation of taking a railway voyage through the air, and can well under-
stand how many people somewhat hesitate to go up and down in the "ele-
vator railway" along these all put perpendicular cliffs. As the car goes
up it seems always liable to slide down ! and as it goes down it gives the
sensation of plunging into the lower space. The ascent of Mount Royal
has its counterpart in the shooting of Lachine Rapids. As you step from
the car to the "Look-out" platform, at a prominent point on the Mountain,
you get a view of Montreal, so wide, so varied, and so complete, as might
be truly called panoramic. In width and breath, the scene stretches to the
furthest horizon, including city, river, plains, and mountains, with houses,
bridges and trees all intermingled. It would be impossible to describe the
varied colors of that picture. The blue water of the St. Lawrence, the

ayzure hue of the distant hill, the greenery of the ubiquitous forest, the
silvery domes and steeples, and the dark, brown and red colors of the city
houses made a scene which had in it every possible tint. In one sweep of
the eye you take in the whole prospect. The city gives the impression of
being level, as some vast plain. Looking down from its Mount you can
see the cars winding through its streets, and the boats on its river. In
fact you get a clearly defined view of every detail of that wonderful land-
scape. Prominent in the forefront are the Towers of Notre Uame and the
Michael Angelo Dome of Montieal, St. Peter's, i.e., St. James's Cathedral.
Mount Royal Park is one vast forest scene, with wide grassy spaces inter-
vening. The trees attain to great height, and their wide spreading foliage
makes a curtain to screen the walks and drives from the rays of a sun
beating with fury on the unprotected streets of the city. Because of its
coolness in the equatorial heat of midsummer, Mount Royal is in great
request with the unnumbered tourists who come here on their yearly migra-
tions, even as we see foreign visitors seek the breezy crest of Signal Hill,
which many yet only reached by elevator. One side of the Mountain is set
apart as a burying ground for the city. Here aie cemeteries for Christians
and Jews. Millions of dollars must be represented by the marble and
granite monuments, marking the last resting place of the great city's dead.
The grounds of these cemeteries are kept in most perfect condition. All
that art and wealth and Faith could do to beautify •• God's Acre," the
"''ampo Santo" of the community has been done by the public of
Montreal.

In writing of Canadian scenery, as seen by the tourist of the period, I
should say that all these resources of scenery are enhanced by the construc-
tion of public works, such as roads, bridges, terraces, and ascending rail-
ways, all calculated to give a spectacular idea of the country. A splendid
carriage drive, for instance, winds up Mount Royal — passing many of the
leading institutes in Montreal, such as McGill University, Victorian Hospi-
tal and Hotel Dieu ; Dulierin Terrace, with the 1* romenace Hotel in its
rear, the Citadel rising above it, and the St. Lawrence at its foot, is the
most panoramic out-look on Quebec. The building of such works will be
found to be of need in every country that ambitions tame as a tourist centra,
and until such structures are placed, half the advantages of a country, as a
holiday resoit, are unused. The natural surroundings of St. John's are as
spectacular as may be seen anywhere; but terraces, railway elevators, and
mountain drives aie of need to supplement the works of nature by the ap-
pliances of art.

At present theie is growing in Canada a strong idea that if the Dominion
is to develop fully, her trans-ocean and cross-continent service of transport,
if she is to bring her European emigrants by the shortest sea route to the
great grain countries of the West, she must depend on the Island, which
lies across the mouth of the Gulf the " stepping stone" between the old
world and the new — Newfoundland. Just imagine the revolution in New-
foundland's position when the mails and passengers of two Continents
wuulii be landed on her shores, and rushed by a fast railway across part of
the Island. This question has been raised in Canada, and is now- regarded
as a practical issue. When this comes to pass, and they say here it is
coming, then Newfoundland shall come in for her own.

This is not a question of union with the Dominion. It is a matter of the
Dominion depending on Newfoundland to give her right of way, and if
Canada, to serve herself, should build up such a system, she will be serving
Newfoundland without any prejudice to the latter's political independence.

The idea of progress must go before progiess. Nothing can be ambi-
tioned unless what is in some way already known. Nil volitum
quin pme cognitum. So it is necessary that a country should realize its
own capacity for progress first, and if it be a matter of tourist industry, im-
press that idea on the mind of the outer woild by organized intelligent and
concentrated advertisement extending over many years - and reaching
many countries. Here is a field for artists, photogiaphers, magazine writers
and newspaper contributors, to bring before as broad a public as possible
the wealth, beauty, and variety of Newfoundland's resources. At the same
time not neglecting to encouiage by voice and pen the upbuilding of such
public works as railways, stieel-car services, bridges, elevators, harbor and
coastal ferries, and hotels, all of which are of prime necessity in a tourist
centre. The United States vacationists alone are said to spend Three
Hundred Millions of Dollars a year in Continental Europe. It will be to
our Island's interest to divert to its shores some portion of that golden
stream, and no doubt when the short route across the Atlantic is establish-
ed Newfoundland will share in this almost fabulous outpouring of wealth.
But to gain that end it will be necessary to work for it in a concentrated
manner. It will be necessary to have all Newfoundlanders behind the
movement for developing and advertising the scenic and other resources of
the Island, just all Canadians are behind the movement for the develop-
ment of their country.

Is there not proportionately as strong a spirit of Patriotism in Newfound-
land as in any part of Canada? Since there is, let it exercise itself in the
work of advertising the varied capabilities of the Island.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Cnristmas Eve.

By Barry Pain.

HE Dining Saloon— it was so styled by the do it before he had done it.

Italian ape who was its proprietor and did
not permit pipes to be smoked in it — was
empty of guests when the young man entered it
at his usual hour. Mrs. Proprietor smiled at
him from behind her counter. The head-waiter smiled and
took his hat and coat. No, there was no business. Everybody
was away or dining with friends. " If every day was to be like
dis," said the head-waiter, confidentially, " I would — He

stopped, and drew a finger across his throat significantly.
" Sole f rite, filet aux cressons, pommis niture, om:lette a ux fines
hcrbes, numero treiz; — une demi, tiest-ce-pas I Tresbien, Monsieur"

The young man sat and stared at the imitation roses in the
gilded glass vase on his table; there was a similar vase with
similar roses on each of the tables. He was a practical young
man in a practical blue serge suit, and little given to staring and
mooning. But the desolation of the place struck him. So
everybody was away, seeking and finding enjoyment ; and he
was busy, though it was Christmas-time, because even at Christ-
mas London requires the electric light, and he was engaged in
the business of providing it. He had worked as usual, entered
his usual restaurant at the usual hour for dinner. It was not
quite the usual dinner; it was more luxurious, for one must do
sonething of the kind at Christmas, especially when the good
Uncle George has sent one his very good cheque for .£10, quite
unexpectedly, and with the compliments of the season.

Plop! The waiter drew the cork from the little bottle of the
white wine of Capri, and poured o'.it a glass.

The young man took a sip. Good — that wine certainly had
a pleasant perfume. But it was a curious thing— an any ordin-
ary evening he would wait five or ten minutes to get a table to
himself; and to-night he would hive welcomed an invader.
He would have talked— yes, even to the puffy old gentleman
who said it would be a sad day, sir, for England ; or the young
man with the stammer who always dined on chops. " Qui-
quickest to cook and and and easiest to pip-pip-pip pronounce."
he had once explained ; "though," he added pathetically, " as a
mum-matter of .fa-fact, I — er — hate chops."

He had friends, of course — plenty of them at home, and a
few here in London. In fact, the Tomlinsons, hearing of his
lonely condition, had asked him to dinner that very night; but
they lived in the remoter parts of St. John's Wood, and it. would
have taken too much time. Besides, he could hate Mrs. Tom-
linson and the daughters (nice elderly girls) quite well enough
from where he was. So it had chanced that he was alone on
Christmas Eve, and he felt sorry for himself.

At this moment a fried sole was placed before him, and an-
other diner entered — -a girl.

A girl? Why, it was the girl— the girl with the lovely red
hair and pale face— the girl that he had noticed on many pre-
vious nights. Sometimes she dined alone; sometimes she was
in the company of another girl— plain, but soulful. She had a
great charm. She also had an air of knowing exactly what she
was doing — which is sufficiently rare in girls ordering food in
restaurants. Yes, the young man had noticed her quite a good
deal. She swept past him, took the table furthest away from
him, and picked up the bill of fare.

It was a sudden impulse. He hardly knew he was going to

There he was — standing in front

of her with her perplexed eyes looking at him — and distinctly
nervous.

" I beg your pardon," he said, '• but I wonder if you would
do me a very great kindness. I am a stranger to you, I know,
and I shall quite understand if you refuse me, and in that case
I will not trouble you one moment further."

In a flash the girl saw that he was not drunk ; in another flash
she saw that he was trying to borrow money (though he did
not look like it), and was almost certain that she would not lend
him a penny.

" What is it ? " she asked, and her big grey eyes were cold
and severe.

" I'm an electrical engineer, kept here in London through
Christmas by my work, and quite alone. I — er — well, I sup-
pose I feel it more than I thought I should."

The big grey eyes softened a little. He was telling the ab-
solute truth. And when any man does that any woman
knows it.

" You also seem to be quite alone. If we had some mutual
friend here to introduce us, I suppose it would be all right; we
should not sit and stare from our respective solitudes at differ-
ent corners of tha room. Unfortunately for me we have not.
And I thought if I might dine at your table — it was impulsive
of me, but I didn't mean to be disrespectful. You needn't tell
me your name, and you needn't even know me if we chance to
meet again. And I should be so grateful to you — it's such a
desolate business dining all alone on Christmas Eve."

The girl with the lovely red hair smiled.

( Did I mention that the young man was by no means ill-
looking ?)

" I don't know," she said — she had a perfectly charming voice.
" If it weren't Christmas Eve — She stopped. The young

man looked all right. One of the few advantages of being all
right is that you look it, and that there are occasions in life
when this saves a good deal of argument. " Yes," she said.
" You may come if you like — just for the half-hour that we are
at dinner. I believe I oughtn't to, but I think it doesn't matter
much, really."

He thanked her warmly. Soon the head-waiter (obsequious,
though shocked) was transferring a small bottle of the white
wine of Capri and a very cold fried sole to the lady's table.

They talked easily, and were amused easily. She told him,
unasked, much about herself. She was an independent typist,
and found there was -always plenty of work to be picked up at
holiday-time, when other typists are away ; and she lived in a
top flat with another girl, who was so nice, though not clever in
business.

When it came to the coffee, they were discussing his art of
unconventionally. " It was quite all right," she said. "That kind
of thing ought always to be possible. If it were a better world
it would be."

*****

But that was all years ago. And to-night, if the young man
were alone, he would not dare to try to make friends with a
beautiful lady — also all alone — in the shabby dining saloon of
a small Italian restaurant. It would be quite impossible, and it
may be the world has not got any better.

But, then, he does not any longer dine in the small Italian
restaurant. He has risen so much in the world since he inherit-
ed Uncle George's money.

And also he is not quite alone, because he married the girl
with the lovely golden hair.

AGRICULTURAL EXHIBITION

Held in the British Hall, Commencing October 17th, 1906.

[Photos by James l~t_t>.]

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

JOHN B. AYRE.

^ANGLO-AMERICAN BAKERY. ^

Fresh Baked Biscuits, Cake, Soft and Hard Bread, &c., &c.

Soda Biscuits,
Pilot Biscuits,
Boston Biscuits,
Butter Biscuits,
Toast Biscuits,
Tea Biscuits,
Coffee Biscuits,
Lemon Snaps,
Tarts, '.
Puffs,
Tartletts,
Apple Pies,
Washington Pies,
Gems,

Wine Biscuits,
Sugar Biscuits,
Aberneathy Biscuits,
Lunch Biscuits,
Border Biscuits,
Jumble Biscuits,
Ginger Biscuits,
Queen Cake,
Pound Cake,
Sponge Cake,
Shrevvsberys,
Cheese Cakes,
Sponge Drops,
Spiced Gingerbread,

Lemon Biscuits,
Fruit Biscuits,
Vanilla Biscuits,
Oswego Biscuits,
Gems Biscuits,
Seed Biscuits,
Ginger Snaps,
Maringoes,
Jelly Roll,
Citron Cake,
New York Cake,
Seed Cake,
Rich Pound Cake,
Plain Cake, &c.

Iced Cake of all kinds ; also, Wedding Cakes always on hand.

Pure Home-made and British and American CONFECTIONERY of every description ;
all kinds of FRUITS in season. ,.

Importer of CHINA, EARTHEN and GLASSWARE. Full lines always on hand.
Outport orders promptly attended to.

At the Old Stand 4.6 New Cower Street.

Also, at our New Store, Merchant's Block, Water Street.

GUARDIAN

- -

AtSSU.RA.NCE QD . , LTD.,

Of London, England.

ESTABLISHED 1831.

The Guardian has the largest paid-up capital of any
Company in the world transacting a Fire business.

Subscribed Capital
Paid-up Capital ...
Invested Funds exceed -

$lo,ooo,ooo

5,000,000

25,ooo,ooo

T. & M. WINTER,

Agents for Newfoundland.

1906.

FOR the Christmas season, which is now fast ap-
proaching, we offer our trade the most practical
and the most sensible of all Christmas Gifts.

rOOTWEAR

What could make a more acceptable Christmas
remembrance for the Older Members of the Family
than a pair of our Fine Shoes, a pair of Choice
Slippers, a pair of good Winter Rubbers or Arctics?

We've a splendid showing of every good style,
suitable for every purpose.

What would please the Younger Members of the
Family more than Shoes, Slippers, Leggins or
Rubber Boots ?

Remember Baby, too, with a pair of our cunning
little Slippers, soft soles.

Men's and Women's Hockey Boots.

We've Christmas Footwear, Galore!

You can't, if you try, make more sensible or
more acceptable Christmas Gifts than Footwear.

Come, see our splendid Holiday Display.

PARKER & MONROE,

THE SHOE MEN,

195 & 363 Water Street.

JOHN KEAN,

14 Adelaide Street.

Manufacturer

of all kinds of , J

Boots and Shoes

All kinds of Rubbers neatly repaired*

JT MFI rtFD
• •• IlLLULKj

'ate of M- F' MURPHY> has opened
a first-class Hair Dressing Parlor
opposite G. Knowling's, Water Street West.

Hair Cutting, Shaving, Refreshing Sea Foam, etc., etc.

149 Cower Street.

Corner Cabot & Lime Streets.

M. PECKHAM, Butcher,

Have always on hand and for sale at very lowest prices, Beef,
Mutton, Lamb, Veal, Pork, and Poultry ; also, Corned Beef
and Fish a specialty. His Christmas Stock exceeds that of
other years. Call and see for yourself before going anywhere
else. He takes this opportunity of wishing his many friends
and patrons a Happy Christmas and a Bright and Prosperous
New Year. All orders called for and delivered free of charge.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

FcyrXmas

The Choicest Confectionery,

English, American and Local, in artistic boxes of novel
designs, at from 7 cts. to $5.00 each.

The Finest Fresh Fruit obtainable*

RICH CAKE, all hinds and sizes.

FRESH PASTERY of finest quality.

.... AT ....

The f. B. WOOD Go's, Ltd.,

Stores and Restaurants.

Water Street East, Water Street West,

and Duckworth Street,

COME TO THE

DON'T
Union Grocery

If you are looking for old cheap Raisins, Currants, Citron,
Lemon Peel, Spices, or Flavouring Extracts for your Xmas
Puddings and Cakes. All Good Things.

At the UNION, 104 New Gower Street.

H. TAPPER.

GEORGE NEAL,

Wholesale Dealer in Provisions
Groceries, Fruit, Vegetables.

Large Stock Oats, Hay, Cattlefeed, Bran, Corn,

&c., always on hand. Big Shipment Poultry

to arrive for Xmas.

I wonder what Char-
lie will give me

This Christmas
for a gift ;

I hope 'tis a pair of
Jackman's
Walk-Overs,

For they give such
a splendid fit.

«»i mil camna'KMt™ IMS witft

JACKMAN'S

Ladies* Department.

Essence of Ginger Wine,

Perfumes, Toilet Soaps, etc.

DEAR READER,—

Having had considerable correspondence with parties in the
Old Country, I have at last succeeded in obtaining the genuine
and original receipe for the " Essence of Ginger Wine," which
I now offer at 15 cents per bottle. This receipe hns been safely
guarded for a great many years. It was originally prepared by
an old Squire in Lancastershire, A.D. 1575. It is made from
the purest ingredients, and is strictly non-alcoholic. It makes
an ideal Christmas drink for the young and the old. The con-
tents of one fifteen-cent bottle, mixed with three quarts of hot
water, in which there has been previously dissolved one and
a quarter pounds of sugar, makes the Ginger Wine ready for
use. I have much pleasure in introducing this old (but still
new) preparation.

I have also received a nice assortment of Perfumes, Toilet
Soaps and Ceulloid Soap Boxes, which will make appropriate
Xmas presents.

I also take this opportunity of wishing you "A Very Happy
Christmas," and trusting that your New Year may be one of
happiness and prosperity.

I remain, yours respectfully,

PETER O'MARA, Druggist.
Water Street West, near Railway Station,
St. John's, Newfoundland.

CARD.

M. J. HAWKER,

General Agent

and
Accountant.

The publisher return sincere thanks to all who have
contributed towards the success of " The Quarterly
during the year, and wish one and all " Sf Sherry
Christmas and a Bright and Prosperous New Year.

P.O. Box 56.,

CARBONEXR.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE- NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

A DIFFICULTY SOLVED!

Mrs. C. — "What! worrying again?"

Mrs. B. — " Yes, I can't help it. I have such a lot to get for the house and cannot go to Town, that
I'm really puzzled."

Mrs. C. — (Laughing) — " Oh, don't let that worry you. Do as I do. Simply send to the Royal Stores
Mail Order Department, and state your requirements, and you will be sure to get everything
satisfactory, as they keep one of the largest and best selected stocks of Dry Goods, Hardware,
Groceries, Furniture, Crockeryware, Gramophones, Sewing Machines, &c., also they have
Dress-making, Skirt-making, Millinery and Custom Tailoring Departments. Samples of
materials and self-measuring Cards sent on request."

Mrs. B. — " Oh, thank you very much. I have never thought of that. I will send a trial order

at once."
NOTE. — Mrs. B. sent her order to the Royal Stores, and was charmed with the care and'

promptness with which it was filled.

No need for any more worry. Send your order to

THE ROYAL STORES, Ltd.

Who Said

BOVRIL ?

" ¥ said the Physician ;

44 For that run-down condition,

I said BOVRIL."

T. J. EDENS,

Agent for Newfoundland.

WE MAKE:

Anchor Brand
CANS,

and guarantee them to be good. When you
are ordering your cans for the spring packing
see that you get jt «jt j» «jt

Anchor Brand.

All Supplying Merchants handle them, and
will supply them if ordered jt & J>

ROBT. TEMPLETON,

337 Water Street.

JOHN R. BENNCTT, s

Proprietor of

Gaden's Aerated Water Works,

Desires to wish his numerous
Friends and patrons

A Happy Xmas ggd a Bright ggd Prosperous
NewYcar.

And to remind them that our /Erated Waters are
still unequalled for Brilliancy, Purity and Flavor.

Address: 166 & 168 Duckworth Street, St. John's.
P. 0. Box, 183. ^ Telephone, 207.

Commercial Bank

in Liquidation.

Notice to Creditors.

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When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Trie Sp

d s G

amara s

By ReVk I. L Slattery.

rave.

URING a recent visit to well remembered scenes
by the Shannon I saw many a spot made very dear
by remembrance of boyhood's associations. The old
hurling field ; the dark pool in the mountain stream
where we alternatively angled or bathed during the
long summer days ; the mountains we climbed ; the
woods we searched for bird's nest; the little chapel
on the hillside endeared by holiest thoughts; the
rustic graveyard where the rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep
— all these were sought out and peopled again by companions
and friends who long have stolen to rest, or who have wandered
to other lands. The fields were all there, so were the old
Chapel and the mountain brook, but no place brought me
more in touch with the past than the old churchyard.
Better residences dotted the plain, other faces than those I
had known met my gaze, but in the names on the tombstones I
found the truest realization of the past. Pacing the lonely walks
my heart again beat in harmony with those of many dear friends
of earlier days. Below they slept in peace ; above, their names
seemed to smile in welcoming back a long lost friend. Breath-
ing a heartfelt prayer for their peaceful rest, I was about
leaving the hallowed spot when in a forgotten corner I stumbled
on a large boulder, unhewn, undressed and moss-covered. Though
I had quite forgotten its history the sight of the headstone re-
called at once an episode of childhood's days which had much
impressed me at the time. From one face I soon rubbed off
the soft moss and found the rude inscripition I row remembered
well : •' THE SPANIARD'S GRAVE." Half a century ago a local
stone-cutter had roughly chiselled the brief epitaph before an
admiring crowd of boys who sat near and wondered: perhaps
the readers of THE QUARTERLY may be interested in the story.
******

It was on a Sunday evening in June somewhere in the Fifties
when a crowd of boys and girls, at the cross roads on one of
the slopes of the Arra Hills, overlooking the Shannon and
overshadowed by the lordly Keeper Hill, paused for a moment
before dispersing. The games were finished, the hurling and
wrestling contests were decided and the last dance was over.
The collection for the old piper had been made, yet the crowd
still delayed.

It was nearly sunset, the evening balmy and soft and the
young people seemed unwilling to bring to a close what had
been a most enjoyable day. There was still a pause, another
word was being said to friend or acquaintance, when two
strangers approached, and at once attracted universal attention.
Their dress and appearance at once proclaimed that they were
not only strangers but foreigners.

The elder might be about forty-five, but his curious woolen
cap, his untrimmed hair and beard, and his very swarthy face,
left one very much in doubt as to his age. A much faded
colored blouse and other strange habiliments marked him as a
foreigner. By the hand he held his companion, a boy of about
ten years. The oval face, dark eyes, and the hair in ringlets
spoke of gentle birth, while the rich tassel in the silken cap, the
frayed velvet blouse with coat of arms and monogram on the
breast, and the silver buckles at the knees, left no doubt that
he had little in common with the rough man who accompanied
him.

They both stood facing the crowd and silence fell on the
strange rescue. The older of the travellers broke the spell by
addressing his audience in some strange tongue, and as no re-
sponse came he looked anxious and helpless on the gaping crowd
before him.

He again adressed them and pointed appealingly to his
young companion. No one answered, no one understood, the
crowd still stood helplessly silent while tears filled the eyes of
the stranger.

In seeming despair he pointed to the setting sun, raised his
two fingers aloft, and placed a few blades of grass in his mouth,
which he chewed ravenously.

" Why, they are hungry," said Catherine Boyle, one of the
girls, as she darted forward, took the boy by the hand and
beckoned the man to follow.

Shy and retiring Catherine was a splendid type of the Irish
peasant girl. Timid by nature she was brave as a lion when
visiting the fever stricken poor that lived around her. The
great crowd stood helpless but her generous spirit was the first
to understand the call of charity. For long after people remem-
bered the gentle boy, held on one side by the rough stranger,
on the other by the bashful girl of sixteen.

The group advanced towards the house of her father, not a
hundred yards from the Cross Roads. Mr. Boyle's home was
the best in the neighbourhood and its gay porch and ivy mantled
front gave a welcome resting place to the strangers.

Soon appeared Catherine with a large tray bearing glasses
and a large jug of fresh milk, while just behind her appeared
her mother bearing a large rich cake, evidently intended for
the family supper. The strangers did honor to the simple meal,
but though they eat ravenously, they kept up a vigorous conver-
sation between themselves. Yet all the time the elder paid
great attention to the wants of the boy.

Tears filled the gentle eyes of dear Mrs. Boyle as she pressed
her homely face on the famished strangers, while they, in their
unknown tongue tried to express their grateful feelings. But
no words are necessary for the expression of real feeling, for
it is beyond their power, and the eyes of the strangers were as
eloquent in their gratitude as were those of Mrs. Boyle in her
hospitality. So they sat and rested while the remains of the
meal were removed.

'• The room is ready, Mother," said Catherine who came and
stood by the seat. " Father will soon be home and he will be
delighted that we kept these poor strangers."

Mrs. Boyle motioned to the man to remain where he was,
and taking the boy by the hand led him to a small inner room.
In a most motherly way she bathed his weary dusty feet,
changed his underclothing and showed him the little bed Cath-
erine had prepared. Seeing her about to leave he threw his
arms around her neck kissing her again and again, and uttering
passionate unknown words.

In another room a large sofa was fixed up as a bed for the
man, and soon they were both resting in profound sleep. Mr.
Boyle returned soon after and was told of the arrival of the
strangers and of what had been done for them.

Next day the boy was apparently no worse for his sufferings
but the man was evidently very ill. He ate little and suffered
very much from some chest trouble. The greatest attention
was paid him by his simple hosts and as the day wore on he
seemed better. The boy spent the greater part of the day in
company with Frank Boyle. Being about the same age they
seemed to entirely understand each other. Hand in hand they
climbed a neighbouring hill, then wandered through the woods
searching lor birds' nests, and bathed in the pool in the moun-
tain stream. They returned towards evening and the little
stranger spent a long time with the sick man, conversing in
their strange tongue.

The Boyles were very respectable people in their simple peas-
ant way, and they soon noticed the great difference between
their visitors. Not only were the man's clothes coarse, but his
hands were very rough, and his manners but little refined. The
boy on the contrary wore clothes that must at one time have
been expensive and elegant. But it was his gentle manner and
his exquisite politeness that most attracted notice. He kept
himself scrupulously clean and earnestly drew Mrs. Boyle's
attention to any part of his dress that required attention. He
bowed most graciously to her or Catherine, whenever he ap-
proached or left them, and his sweet and winning smile capti-
vated them all. His oval face and rather dark features reflected
very plainly his inner feelings. When happy his face shone
with pure joy. When at times conversing with his companion
he was a picture of gloom and sorrow.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Nearly a week passed and the sick man became slowly worse,
while the boy endeared himself more and more to the whole
Boyle family. The neighbours sometimes sent little presents of
their farm and dairy produce to the strangers. The man was
too sick to notice these little courtesies, but the boy bowed so
gracefully, smiled so sweetly, and pressed so warmly the hands
of i ha donor that all were charmed by his grace and sweetness.

Sunday came and the family prepared for Mass. Frank
Boyle was an Altar Boy and he and his mother generally started
first, while Catherine and her father followed soon after. Dear
Mrs. Boyle gave the the last touches to the little stranger's dress,
and he to show his gratitude drew her matronly face down to
him and kissed her on the cheek, murmuring at the same time
what was evidently meant to be words of love and fondness.

Frank soon joined them swinging round his head the neat
satchel that contained his little surplice and soutane. The
stranger looked most enquiringly at the satchel, pointed to it
earnestly, and as plain as looks could express, wanted to know
what it contained. Frank at once opened it and showed the
simple contents. Happiness radiated from every feature, he laughed aloud,
patted himself on the breast, and caught Mrs. Boyle's arm alternately
pointing to the little surplice and to himself. As if fearing he had failed to
make them understand he made the sign of the Cross and then placing his
palm» together he assumed an attitude of piety and prayer.

Mrs. Boyle smiled and nodded that she understood. When the three
reached the little chapel on the hill-side he accompanied Frank to the
vestry and Mrs. Boyle went to her place in the Church where she was soon
after joined by her husband and daughter.

The old Priest, Father Vincent Nagle, was on his knees when the boys
entered, but he soon rose and murmuring so ne prayers began to put on his
vestments. Frank took the little stranger by the hand and brought him
forward. Father Vincent asked who he was, and Frank briefly told him of
the arrival of the strangers, of the illness of the elder and of the apparent
desire of the boy to serve Mass. The Priest agieed at once, both boys
were soon ready, and the little procession started for the Altar. If the
strange boy looked well and above the ordinary in his decayed tine dress, in
the snowy surplice and purple soutane he acquired a most angelic and dig-
nified bearing.

In the Latin responses as he followed the Priest his clear treble voice
quite filled the little Church with music, while the simple dignity with which
he went thiough the ceremonies drew the wrapt attention of the present
congregation. In serving the Priest, he bowed so gravely and kissed the
Priest's hand so piously that all eyes were fixed on the solemn little face,
crowned with rich dark auburn tresses. CM the Altar, though only a boy
of ten or eleven, there was a something about him that no one present
ever forgo'.

Father Nagle was quile charmed with the touching sight which made this
foreign lad, from some unknown land, entirely at home at the Great Sacri-
fice which is •' offered from the rising to the setting of the sun "

After Mass the old priest spoke to the boy in different languages, and at
last said to the Altar Boys, " I think he is a Spaniard, but it is so long
since I heard anyone speaking that language I cannot understand him — I
shall go see the sick man (his evening.1'

" Get the Doctor at once," he said, " I fear he is dying." He anointed
him and left, the Doctor came soon after, but the man died that night.

Before leaving, Mrs. Boyle had handed the priest some sheets of paper,
which the dying man had written while the family were at Mass. He had
signed to the servant for writing materials and this wa- the lesult.

" Yes," said the priest,' this is Spanish and they are Spaniards, but I shall
require a little time for tianslation."

At the sight of his dead companion, the boy was inconsolable. He re-
mained by the coffin hour after hour, now weeping passionately, now gaz-
ing lovingly on the rough cold face of his friend, and then clasping his
hands he would address the corpse, his big brown eyes wide open, as if
expecting a reply.

Often the tender-hearted Catherine led him away, enticing him to take
some food or to lie down, but no sooner was he free than he silently stole
back again to the side of his dead friend.

Keeper Hill frowned its shadows and the silent Shannon flowed peace-
fully by when two days later there was a. large funeral as the neighbours
gathered to follow the remains of the unknown stranger to the vacant
corner in the old Abbey Churchyard

At the grave-side the boy weened piteously and often broke out passion-
ately in sad accents, and many a tear came to the eyes of the good natured
peasants as they saw the deep grief they well understood but could not
assuage. .

Gently Frank Boyle brought him home, but a sad helplessness settled on
him and all feared for his tender life.

When Mrs. Boyle or Catherine urged him to eat and pressed on him
little delicacies which they thought he liked, he sweetly put out his hand to
repel them. Often he threw his arms round Mrs. Boyle, sobbin? out his
little soul in grief, and speaking slowly and impressively — trying'to make
her understand. The kind-hearted lady tried every means to soothe the
little strangei and used all those endeaiments which kind Nature abund-
antly supplies to a fond mother.

She succeeded to some extent and when quite exhausted he went to sleep
her hand was lovingly clasped in his.

Next day the good old priest came to see them and read for them a
translation of the writing left by the dying Spaniard.

" We are Spaniards and were wrecked on the wild coast of Kerry
over a week ago. Our ship was bound from Spain to the port of Galway,
with wines, fruits, &c. We two are the sole survivors of a crew of fifteen and
we floated ashore on a loose plank, The people on the shore were most
kind, though not understanding our language they could not direct us.
" Dublin " was the one word that has brought us so far. We are striving
to reach that City and to find the Spanish Consul there. But my course is
ended and I feel the hand of death is on me.

For many months by sea and land I have preserved the secret of my
young companion's history, but now* that I am dying I must divulge it in
the hope that some good Christian will be true and charitable to a forlorn
child, alone in a far and strange land.

He is the son and heir of the noble Duke of Merido, and if he reaches in
safety the Spanish Consulate in Dublin he will certainly succeed to the
title and to the large estates. His noble father gave all his weatlh and in-
fluence to promote the just cause of Don Carlos, our rightful King, and
took a prominent part in the late war. The attempt was a failure, as is
well known, and the Spanish Government relentlessly pursued the partisans
of the ill fated Don Carlos. The Duke hid among the Basque mountains,
but the perils of the campaign had mined his health and he died alone in a
shepherd's hut.

The officials of the Government found and identified his body and at
once tried to capture his son and heir, my little companion. When the
war broke out the Duchess retired quietly with her son to a cottage in
Alicante, and unknown to anyone else, awaited the issue.

I had been head gardener at the Castle of Merido, but on my maniage
had removed to Alicante. Here she came with her noble son and lived
near me as my sister till she received the awful news of her noble husband's
death. The shock killed her, she pined and was dying in a few days.

Before dying she made me promise to save the boy from the Spanish
Government, which wished to bring him up as page to the Queen of
Spain and so detach him fiom the cause of Don Carlos, or else confiscate
the estates.

Just before the death of my noble mistress, I disguised myself and the
young Duke, and finding a vessel sailing for Galway I hired myself and
" my son " on board the ship hoping to reach the Spanish Consul in Dub-
lin who is secretly devoted to the Carlist cause and is the foster brother of
my noble mistress.

Very willingly would I lay down my life for the family of my noble
pations. For generations my ancestors lived on their estates, trusted and
honored by them. But the exposure at the wreck and my efforts to save
the young Duke have proved too much for me. and I am heartbroken to
find myself at the point of death and unable to fulfil my promise to my
dying mistress.

From the depths of my heart I appeal to anyone who may read these
dying words of mine to protect and help the son and heir of my noble
patrons.

Some one should write cautiously to the Spanish Consul asking about
the young Duke. His reply will show his identity and inclinations.

I cannot live many hours and I wish to express how deeply I feel all the
tender caie I have received in this hospitable family. Weaiy and footsore
the young Duke found here a home, a mother, and a sister. He cannot
speak your tongue nor can he tell you his feelings. But his noble heart
overflows with affection and gratitude to his new found friends. Be kind
to him, but find the Spanish Consul as soon as posssble for,— caution, —
my name — — ."

No more, his mind and hand failed him as the pen loosed itself from
his grasp. He died that night in the feeble effort of making the sign of
the Cross. He was buried in the disused corner of the old Churchyard. A
few of the young men rolled to the spot a tough boulder on which, old
Denis Ryan the mason roughly carved the letters " THE SPANIARD'S
GRAVE."

That evening Father Nagle adressed a very cautions note to the Spanish
Consul in Dublin, saying he was deeply interested in the young Duke of
Merido and asking the Consul for news of him.

Three days later two strangers drove up to the door of Father Nagle's
humble presbytery and one of them announced himself as the Spanish
Consul. He spoke English well, but his companion evidently was not
acquainted with it.

The Priest was cautious not knowing what danger to the boy might un-
derlie this visit. The story he elicited corresponded wilh the gardener's
statement. The death of the Duke and Duchess, the disappearance of the
boy, and the sailing of the ship to an Irish port.

" I had an agent awaiting them in Galway," he said. " but a few days
ago he returned to tell me that the ship had been wrecked on the Kerry
Coast, since then I have had no news."

"Before going farther," said Father Nagle, "may I ask who is your
companion ?"

" He is a relation of mine, a Spaniard and a gentleman."

"But," said the Priest, "I wish to know his politics and how he stands
towards the House of Merido."

" My friends, it is dangerous for a Spanish gentleman to announce his
politics just now, but my companion is a Grandee of Spain and deeply
attached to the family of the Duke of Merido."

" Enough," said the priest rising, " would you know the young Duke ?"

" Certainly," said the Consul, rising also and eagerly approaching the
priest. " Is he alive ?"

" We shall soon see," said Father Nagle, leaving the room, while the two
Spaniards eagerly began an animated conversation.

Mrs. Boyle, Catherine and the boy were in the room opposite and in
great trepidation they all rose on the entrance of the priest.

When the priest came first the Spaniards rose most eagerly and enquir-
ingly, but when the boy appeared they both uttered cries of joy and
happiness.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Yet the Consul stood somewhat aside while his companion fondled and
kissed the boy who on his part seemed to forget everyone else.

The scene was touching beyond description, and the Priest, the Consul,
and the Boyles stood around deeply moved.

" Who is this gentleman ?" said the priest in amazement. " I thought
you were the Consul, and the boy your friend."

" The boy is my friend," said the Consul, " and this gentleman is the
Duke of Merido, his father."

" What !" said Father Nagle, " the gardener in his dying deposition said
he was dead and you told me the same."

"That was all a ruse to deceive the Spanish Government," said the
Consul. " A dead officer, rather like him in appearance, was dressed in his
uniform and left in the shepherd's hut— his enemies were deceived and
he escaped."

The Di'ke now detached the boy from his arms and brought him to the
Consul and they embraced tenderly while the Duke oveicome with emotion
turned away his face. His son soon freed himself and flew to Mrs. Boyle
and Catherine. Taking each by a hand he led them to his father, and in
earnest affectionate words seemed to be telling him of their kindness. He
bowed to them with the utmost grace, took their hands in his and spoke to
the Consul.

" Tell those good people," he said in Spanish, " that my son and my wife
shall never forget their goodness. As long as the House of Merido exists
we shall be friends."

" But," said Father Nagle, "is his mother alive also ?"

" Yes, indeed," said the Consul, " she awaits us in Dublin. The news of
her husband's death nearly killed her, but at the last when the Duke well
disguised appeared at her cottage in Alicante, she rallied and soon was
quite well. From her he learned of the destiny of their son and the gard-
ener. They hastened to my home in Dublin, and the Duke crossed over to
Galway to await the arrival of the overdue ship. You know the rest.

A few days later, having paid a long visit to the Abbey Graveyard, the
Spaniards left Dunhara. The parting of the Boyles from the young Duke
was tender in the extreme. While they rejoined in his good fortune they
had been wholly enraptured by his gentle effectionate way, and felt the
separation very much.

Some months later a stout box reached the Boyles, containing great
valuables. Rare silks, gold and silver ornaments, and a Crucifix set in
diamonds. On its base was engraved. " To my second mother, dear Mrs.
Boyle, from Jose of Merido."

Other Carlist risings have since been attempted, yet the present Don
Carlos wears no crown. But whether wandering through Europe or lurking
among the Hills of Spain, whether residing in his lovely Swiss Villa, or
being privately received at certain European Courts, in close and loyal
attendance on him is the boy who was cast on the wild Kerry Coast, for a
short time found a home by the Shannon and is now Don Jose Duke of
Merido.

BISHOP MARCH.

Consecrated Bishop of Harbor Grace. Nov. 4th. 1906, by His Grace Archbishop Howley.
By P. A'. Devine.

IS Lordship Bishop March was born in Northern
B.iy on July i6th, 1863. His father was Simeon
March, of Old Perlican, and his mother Cecily
Hogan, of Northern Bay. At the age of fourteen
he came to St. John's to attend school in the old
Orphan Asylum, conducted by the Christian
Brothers. In 1878 he entered St. Bonaventure's
College, of which Rev. William Fitzpatrick was at
that time President, Rev. Michael Fitzgerald, Vice-President,
and John Morris, Professor of Classics and Mathematics.
Amongst his school-fellows of that year were many young men
who afterwards made their mark in life, and became successful
in their different professions. The list includes Hon. F. J.
Morris, M. W. Furlong, T. J. Murphy, the late J. F. McGrath,
Rev. Dr. M. J. Ryan, Rev. P. W. Brown, Dr. Joseph Murphy,
Rev. P. O'Brien, and VV. J. Carroll. The young student from
Northern Bay at once gained the respect and esteem of his fel-
low students by his unobtrusive demeanour and gentle disposi-
tion. In the observance of all the rules of the College, he was
scrupulous in the extreme, and whilst most others at some time
indulged in school-boy pranks that brought them in trouble there
was never a black mark recorded against the future Bishop of
Harbor Grace. Not that he was averse to boyish sports or
genial and loving comradeship. On the contrary he was always
ready to join in all legitimate amusements incident to college
life, and his radiant smile and musical laughter often added
merriment to the sport of the hour. Having spent about a year
at St. Bonaventure's the young student realizing that he had a
vocation for the Priesthood, went to L' Assumption College at
Jolliette, Montreal, where he pursued his studies for two years.
Amongst his fellow students here were Rev. F. D. McCarthy,
Rev. J. Lynch, and Rev. L. Hoyden, all Newfoundlanders. In
1 88 1 he spent a term at St. Sulpice College, Montreal, and next
year went to Rome, where he entered the Propaganda. Here
the future Bishop spent seven years in ecclesiastical studies.

He became a great favourite amongst his fellow students by his
kindly disposition and manly deportment. He also won the
professors, who, recognizing his sterling qualities, appointed him
Prefect, a position which he held up to the time he was ordained
Priest — March i6th, 1889. He returned to his native land in

HIS LORDSHIP BISHOP MARCH.

the following June, and was appointed by His Lordship Bishop
Macdonald as Assistant at the Cathedral Parish where he con-
tinued to labor in his sacred calling for 17 years, spending three
summers in missionary work on the Labrador. His sincere
piety, his zeal in the discharge of his duties, and above all his
unostentatious demeanour, have made him beloved by the
people of Harbor Grace and neighbouring places to that degree
that was evidenced in the spontaneous outburst of enthusiasm
that was so pronouced on the occasion of his consecration. He
understands his people and they understand him, and this mu-
tual sympathy is the secret of the jubilation that marked Father
March's elevation to the Bishopric. Long may he live!

THE LEGEND OF THE ROSES.

By Fred. B. Wood, Si. John's, Newfoundland.

LONG ago there lived a maiden

Fair of form and pure in thought ;
Charged with crime by cruel wretches,

She to die midst flames was brought.
Where the fagots had been lighted

Her sweet voice was raised in prayer :
" Father of thy love forgive them

Who in this my death have share,

And oh. Father I beseech Thee,

Let their people standing by
Know that of this crime I'm guiltless —

Let them know it ere I die."
Scarcely were those strange words uttered,

Scarcely had this prayer been said,
When the faggots turned to bushes

Each bedecked with roses red.
Scattered here and there were faggots

That the flames did not ignite, —
Each of these became a rose-bush,

But their roses were pure white.
'Till the day on which this happened

Men of roses never knew ;
And here endeth this old legend

Which has oft been told as true.
Smile we may at such quaint legends

And the fancies they infold.
Love has oft wrought greater marvels

Than was ere by legend told.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

JAMES CARTER,
Sheriff of Newfoundland.

TTTHERE appears to be something in the air of the office of
K I x Sheriff of Newfoundland, that is conducive to literary
effort. Long ago Sheriff Nugent, who was a scholar
of some repute, plucked some laurels in the fields of literature.
Afterwards, a successor, tlie Hon. T. Talbot, made both himself
and his office famous by his literary effusions. Besides a volume
of poems, he was the author of a three volume novel " The
Granvilles," " Notes on the Enchyridion of Epictetus," and the
" Hebrews at Home." Mr. Talbot's mantle has fallen on the
shoulders of the present Sheriff, James Carter, Esq., and he
gives promise to wear it worthily. His first contribution to litera.
ture treats of pleasant wanderings in the Holy Places in the
East.* The proportion of Western Christians familiar with the
Scriptural writings, who have not at some time or other, longed
to behold the scenes made immortal by the inspired writers,
must be very insignificant.

It is given to very few comparatively to see the birth-place of
the Saviour of the World at Bethlehem and to trace his foot-
steps from that to the scene of the Great Tragedy — His Cruci-
fixion on Mount Calvary : and to see in the flesh the storied
places that intervene, — Bethlehem, Nazareth, Damascus, Egypt,
Jerusalem and Calvary. What visions those names conjure up.
And then the places mentioned by the Old Testament writers,
familiar from our earliest days, — Palestine, Syria, Galilee, the
Jordan, the Dead Sea, Tiberias, etc. What a priceless boon it is
to be privileged to visit such places. If the general reader is
debarred from visiting in the flesh, he can at least visit and
enjoy them in the Spirit.

In Sheriff Carter's book we get graphic and picturesque de-
scriptions of all places of note in the East, as they appeared
to a man from the Northland, with keen eyes, receptive mind,
sympathetic heart, and cunning hand. The various places are
described just as they exist — the ruins and the palaces and

* Six Months in Europe and the Orient, by James Carter. At all local
Bookseller, #1.50.

temples ; gorgeous Oriental settings of magnificence and squalor ;
the sun-glare in the cloudless blue; the desert place, and the
pleasant running waters ; all are depicted with the faithfulness
of an historian, with the warmth of a sympathetic and poetic
temperament.

And the journey through the Continent of Europe ; Greece,
Italy, Turkey, Germany, France, through the Homeland England,
Ireland and Scotland ; the green lanes of Devon', the University
of Oxford, Edinburgh Castle, the Lakes of Killarney, names
familiar to all in song and story. To fully appreciate the
description of these and other scenes we'd advise our readers to
peruse this book. It has received very flattering criticisms from
Canadian and other reviewers. Though the Sheriff was born
in Devon England, he has lived so many years in this colony,
all his tastes and sympathies and ambitions are those of a born
Newfoundlander. After revelling In gorgeous panoramas of the
East, and after paying fitting tribute to what religion, art, science,
wealth and centuries of civilization, have done for Europe, with
its grand edifices and its beautiful scenery, the spirit of the
Islanders bursts from him when h» sees the rugged hills of his
adopted land, and this is how he apostrophizes her.

" Glories of other lands, some may tell

Of mountain slope, river, field and dell ;

Yet fairest St. John's we love thee best,

Thy sea-laved beach and hilly crest,

To us more classic than the hills of Rome !

Heaven ever prosper thee, Home, dear Home."

THOMAS LONG, I.S.O.,
Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Mines.

MR. LONG, if not the oldest, is very nearly the oldest
civil servant in the Colony. Bom in Shefford, England,
in 1827, he came to this country in 1845. In 1872 he
was appointed Topographical Surveyor, and in 1883 he became
First Clerk in Surveyor General's Department. In 1898 he
was appointed First Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Mines,
a position he still worthily fills. In 1906 Mr. Long received
from His Majesty the King, in recognition of his long and
faithful service, the distinction of a Companionship in the
Imperial Service Order. The QUARTERLY wishes him many
years yet to enjoy his honours.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

M.&E. Kennedy

Contractors, Builders & Appraisers.

Dealers in Pressed and Stock Brick, Selenite, Plaster, Sand,
Drain Pipes, Cement, Chimney Tops, &c.

(GST" All orders in the Carpentry, Masonry, and all classes
of work in the Building Business, promptly attended to.

Office : Kennedy, Mullaly & Co's wharf, West End.

Factory and Store: off James Street, St. John's, Nfld.

Follow the Crowd > Save Money.

Call and get our prices before you buy your winter's supply of

PROVISIONS.

Big Stock, Low Prices.

Don't forget the address :

P. H. COWAN & Co's.

New Store, opposite Harvey & Co's. premises.

M. W. FURLONG, K.C.

J. M. KENT, K.C.

FURLONG & KENT,

9 9 ~9~~

BARRISTERS and SOLICITORS.
DUCKWORTH STREET, ST. JOHN1 S.

P.O. Box 184. Telephone 184. Cable Address " GIBBS' St. John's.

M. P. GIBBS,

&ARRISTER-A T-LA W,

SOLICITOR & NOTARY 'PUBLIC.

Commissioner of Deeds for the State of New York.
Solicitor for the Merchant Service Guild, Liverpool.

Law Offices, GAZETTE BUILDING, Water Street,
St. John's, Newfoundland.

Phenix Insurance Co.,

Of Brooklyn, New York.

insurance effected at lowest Current Rates of Premium on
all kinds of property in Newfoundland.

A O. HAYWARD, K.C.,

Agent for Newfoundland.

JOB BROTHERS 4 Co.,

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

of British and American Goods of every
description— Wholesale and Retail.

of Codfish' Codoil, Codliver Oil, Seal Oil,
Lobsters, Furs, and general produce.

All orders for same promptly filled at very lowest rates.

MISS MAY flRLONG'S

282 Water Street,

opp. Bowring Brothers.

Dress Goods, Mantles, Millinery, Furst

Feathers, Flowers, Gloves.

St. John's,

Newfoundland.

The Old-Established and Weil-Known Wheelwright Factory of

S. G. COLLIER,

WALDEGRAVE STREET,

AS every facility for the manufacture and repair of Carriages, Sleighs,
Carts, and Vehicles of every description. A power plant of the
Finest Type of Modern Machinery gives us unequalled facilities for turning
out the best work. Vehicles of every description repaired on time ; no
delays. Rubber Tyres adjusted at a moment's notice.

^UNDERTAKING A SPECIALTY.

AT E ). MALONE'S

Tailoring Establishment

We are now showing our fall and winter stock of

Overcoatings, Suitings, Trouserings,

and Fancy Vestings.

Tweeds, Worsteds, Serges, Cheviots, Beavers, Meltons and Vicunas.
We invite inspection. Jt We Study to Please.

E. J. MAL-ONE, 268 Water Street.

M.F. MURPHY,

West End Hair Dresser*

Hair Cutting, Shaving, and Refreshing Sea Foam.
Water Street West.

Opposite Angel Engineering & Supply Co's Store.

JAMES VEY,

Gazette Building,
Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

"THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY'

— AN ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE —
Issued every third month about the 1 5th of March, June, September and

December from the office
34 Prescott Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

JOHN J. EVANS, -:- -:- -:- PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR,
To whom all Communications should be addressed.

Subscription Rates: .

Single Copies, each 10 cents. •

One Year, in advance, Newfoundland and Canada 40 "

Foreign Subscriptions (except Canada) 50 "

Advertising Rates

$30.00 per page ; one-third of a page, $10.00; one-sixth of a page, $5.00 ;
one-twelfth of a page, #2.50 — for each insertion.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Department of Agriculture and Mines.

THE following extracts from the CROWN
LANDS ACT, 1903, are published for
general information : —

Ordinary Sale of Crown Lands.

Crown Lands for agricultural purposes, and in 20 acre lots,
are open for sale at 30 cents per acre and upwards.

Grants for more than 20 acres contain conditions for clearing
and cultivating.

Bog Lands.

Lands declared to be bog lands, under the Act, may be leased
in 5,000 acre lots, for such term, at such rent, and on such con-
ditions as may be determined upon by the Governor in Council.

Quarries.

Timber and Timber Lands.

The right to cut timber is granted upon payment of a bonus
of $2 per square mile, an annual rental of $2 per square mile,
and also a royalty of 50 cents per thousand feet, board measure,
on all logs cut. Rent, royalty or other clues not paid on date
on which they become due bear interest at 6 per cent, per
annum until paid. Rents become due and payable fin jot/i
November each year. Lands approved to be surveyed and have
boundaries cut within one year. Persons throwing sawdust or
refuse of any kind from mills into rivers, etc., are liable to a
penalty of $100 for each offence.

Pulp Licenses.

Holders of timber or pulp licenses may not export trees, logs
or timber in unmanufactured state.

Holders of timber and pulp licenses may not cut timber on
ungranted Crown Lands.

Mineral Lands.

Any person may search for minerals, and on discovery of a
vein, lode or deposit of mineral may obtain a license thereof in
the following way: (i) Driving a stake not less than 4 inches
square into the ground, leaving 18 inches over ground ; name
of person and date to be written on stake. Application for
license to be filed with affidavit (see Act for particulars) within
two months. Cost of license for first year is $10 for each loca-
tion. Subsequent rentals: ist year, $20; 2nd, to and including
5th year, $30; for next period of five years, $50; and for fol-
lowing years $100.

Upon expenditure of $6000 within five years, lessee shall be
entitled to a Grant in fee.

Licenses for larger areas may also be granted upon terms set
forth in the Act.

Further information may be had on application to

J. A. CLIFT,

Minister of Agriculture and Mines.
Department of Agriculture and Mines,

St. John's, Newfoundland, November, if)o6.

Customs Circular

No.

A deposit equal to the duty shall be taken on such articles as
Cameras, Bicycles, Trouting Poles, Fire-arms, Tents, Canoes,
and tent equipage. A receipt (No. i) according to the form
attached shall be given for the deposit and the particulars of
the articles shall be noted in the receipt as well as in the
marginal cheques. Receipt No. 2 if taken at an outport office
shall be mailed at once directed to the Assistant Collector,
St. John's, if taken in St. John's the Receipt No. 2 shall be sent
to the Landing Surveyor.

No groceries, canned goods, wines, spirits or provisions of
any kind will be admitted free and no deposit for a refund may
be taken upon such articles.

H. W. LeMCSSURIER,

Assistant Collector.

CUSTOM HOUSE,

St. John's, Newfoundland, 22nd June.,

NEWFOUNDLAND PENITENTIARY.

BROOM DEPARTMENT.

Brooms, ** Hearth Brushes, * Whisks.

orders addressed to the undersigned will receive prompt
attention.

ALEX. A. PARSONS, Superintendent.

Newfoundland Penitentiary, November, 1906.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE

NEWFOUNDLAND

QUARTERLY^

JOHN J. EVANS, PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR.

VOL. VI.— No. 4.

MARCH, 1907.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

SCENES IN THE INTERIOR OF NEWFOUNDLAND.

"^p? ^|gpr ^^i^

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

PHCENIX

Assurance

Co., Ltd.

Or LONDON, - - - ESTABLISHED 1782.

Annual Premiums $7,500,000

Fund held to meet losses 9,500,000

Uncalled Capital 12,000,000

W. & G. RENDELL,

ST. JOHN'S. Agent for Nfld.

The Newfoundland Consolidated
foundry Company, Limited.

Manufacturers of Cooking,
Parlor, Hall and Church
Stoves, Gothic GRATES,
Mantelpieces, Windlasses,
Rouse Chocks, HAWSER
PIPES, and every variety of
Ship and General Castings,.
Churchyard or Cemetery
Railings, Crestings, and all
Architectural Castings

W. P. WALSH, S. WILL CORNICK,

President. Manager.

J. J. O'GRADY,

Painter, Glazier,
Paper Hanger,

and

House Decorator*

ir3=OUTPORT ORDERS
SOLICITED.

WORKSHOP: CARTER'S HILL.

RESIDENCE: "NO 3, FERGUS PLACE.

PROCLAMATION

WM. MACGREGOR
Governor.

[L.S.]

By His Excellency Sir WILLIAM MACGREGOR,
Doctor of Medicine, Knight Commander oj
the Most Distinguished Order of Saint
Michael and Saint George, . Companion of
the Most Honourable Order of the Bath,
Governor and- Cotnmander-in- Chief, in and
ffiier the Island of Newfoundland and its
Dependencies.

\Jt/HEREAS it is provided by Chapter 23 of 2 Edward VII..
VV entitled "An Act to amend the Post Office Act, 1891,"
that upon the recommendation of the Board appointed under the
provisions of the said Act, the Governor in Council shall by
Proclamation give notice of any alteration of name, naming or
re-naming of places within this Colony, provided that Public
Notice of such proposed alteration of name, naming, or re-nam-
ing of places shall have been given for Three Months previous ;

And whereas by Public Notice, of date the 6th day of March,
1906, certain alterations of name and re-naming of places within
this Colony were notified, as required by the above-mentioned
Act;

I do, therefore, by this my Proclamation, order and direct
that the alteration of name and re-naming of places within this
Colony, as contained in the said Public Notice of the 6th of
March, 1906, shall come into effect from the date of these
presents, that is to say :

1. Ragged Harbour, District of Trinity, to be re-named
" Melrose" ;

2. Western Arm, Rocky Bay, District of Fogo, to be re-named
"Carmanville";

3. Grand River Gut, Codroy Valley, District of St. George,
to be re-named " Searston";

4. Flat Islands, District of Bonavista, to be re-named
" Samson" ;

5. Spaniard's Bay, District of Trinity, to be re-named
" Spaniard's Cove";

6. Fox Island, Bay d' Espoir, District of Fortune, to be
re-named "Isle Galet";

7. Cat's Cove, Conception Bay, District of Harbour Main,
to be re-named_"_Avondale. North" ;

8. Middle Bight, District of Harbour Main, to be re-named
"Codner";

9. Crabb's, District of St. George, to be re-named "Crabbe's."

Given under my Hand and Seal, at the Government House.
St. John's, this i8th day of June, A.D., 1906.
By His Excellency's Command,

ARTHUR MEWS,

Deputy Colonial Secretary.

Opening of New Cable Route to South

America, " Via Commercial-Azores-St. Vincent."

A CCELERATED Service. Most direct line to Pernamlmco, Para,
^ ^ Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Santos, Montevideo, Buenos Ayres, and other
places in South America. All cable route to Uruguay and Argentine. To
insure messages being sent by this route they must be filed at Postal
Telegraph Offices.

H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Customs Circular

N<X 15.

A deposit equal to the duty shall be taken on such articles as
Cameras, Bicycles, Trouting Poles, Fire-arms, Tents, Canoes,
and tent equipage. A receipt (No. i) according to the form
attached shall be given for the deposit and the particulars of
the articles shall be noted in the receipt as well as in the
marginal cheques. Receipt No. 2 if taken at an outport office
shall be mailed at once directed to the Assistant Collector,
St. John's, if taken in St. John's the Receipt No. 2 shall be sent
to the Landing Surveyor.

Upon the departure from the Colony of the Tourist, Angler
or Sportsman, he may obtain a refund of the deposit by pre-
senting the articles at the Port of Exit and- having them com-
pared with the receipt. The Examining Officer shall initial on
the receipt the result of his examination and upon its correctness
being ascertained the refund may be made.

No groceries, canned goods, wines, spirits or provisions of
any kind will be admitted free and no deposit for a refund may
be taken upon such articles.

H. W. LeMKSURIER,

Assistant Collector.

CUSTOM HOUSE,

St. John's, Newfoundland, 22nd June, 1903.

The Public are reminded that the

GAMJ^J_AWS

NEWFOUNDLAND

Provide that:

No person shall pursue with intent to kill any Caribou from

the ist day of February to the 3ist day of July, or from the ist day of

October to the 2Oth October in any year. And no person shall

kill or take more than two Stag and one Doe Caribou in any one year.

No person is allowed to hunt or kill Caribou within specified limits of
either side of the railway track from Grand Lake to Goose Brook, these
limits being defined by gazetted Proclamation.

No non-resident may hunt or kill Deer (three Stag) without previously
having purchased (850.00) and procured a License therefor. Licenses to
non-resident guides are issued, costing $50.00.

No person may kill, or pursue with intent to kill any Caribou with dogs,

or with hatchet or any weapon other than fire-arms loaded with

ball or bullet, or while crossing any pond, stream or water-course.

Tinning or canning of Caribou is absolutely prohibited.

No person may purchase, or receive in barter or exchange any flesh
of Caribou between January ist and July 3151, in any year.

Penalties for violation of these laws, a fine not exceeding two hundred
dollars, or in default imprisonment not exceeding two months.

No person shall hunt, or kill Partridges before the first day of October
or after I2th January in any year. Penalty not exceeding $100.00 or
.mprisonment.

Any person who shall hunt Beaver, or export Beaver skins before October
ist, 1907, shall be liable to confiscation of skins, and fine or imprisonment.

No person shall hunt Foxes from March 15 to October 15 in any year.

Close season for salmon and trout fishing: I5th day of September to
1 5th day of January following.

ELI DAWE,

Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

Department of Marine and Fisheries,
March, 7907.

NEWfOUNDLAND PENITENTIARY.

BROOM DEPARTMENT.

Brooms, .* Hearth Brushes, * Whisks.

A Large Stock of BROOMS, -HEARTH BRUSHES and
WHISKS always on hand ; and having reliable Agents
in Chicago and other principal centres for the purchase of
Corn and other material, we are in a position to supply the
Trade with exactly the article required, and we feel as-
sured our Styles and Quality surpass any that can be
imported. Give us a trial order, and if careful attention
and right goods at right prices will suit, we are confident
of being favoured with a share of your patronage.

(QpAll orders addressed to the undersigned will receive prompt
attention.

ALEX. A. PARSONS, Superintendent.

Newfoundland Penitentiary, March,

Public Notice.

NOTICE is hereby given that His Excellency
the Governor in Council has been pleased to
reserve from the operation of the Crown Lands' Act
a strip of land along the North shore of Sandy Point,
in the District of Saint George, 200 yards wide from
high water mark on said shore, for the protection of
Sandy Point.

The public are, therefore, notified that the cutting
of trees or bushes on the said strip of land for any
purposes whatever is strictly prohibited, any person
so cutting will be liable to prosecution.

R. BOND,

Colonial Secretary.
Colonial Secretary's Office, October 2jrd, 1906.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

ESTABLISHED J809.

Fire and Life*

Dortb British mercantile
Insurance Company.

Total Funds exceed - - $72,560,330

Agent for Newfoundland.

We Want Your Patronage. Our Aim Is

TO Please YOU. See Our Goods.

Pictorial Post Cards of everything of interest in and about
the Island.

Postal Views of the City, The Harbour, Public Buildings,
Halls, Churches, Dock, Railway Station, Banks, etc., etc.

Postal Views of all the representative Outports, of Industries,
Seal Fishery, Cod Fishery, Whaling, Mining and Lumbering.

Shooting and Fishing Scenes, Views of Picturesque Scenery
on the principal Lakes, along the Railway Line, and in the
Heart of the Forest; Views of Wayside Inns and Summer
Resorts. In a word we have a Postal View of everything you
would wish to send to your friend within the Colony or outside

it All one price— 20c. per dozen; 2c. each.

See our Photographs of Local Scenes and Albums of Views.
We are recognized Headquarters for Pictorial Post Cards,
Photographs and Albums of Views of Newfoundland and
Labrador.

DICKS & CO.

POPULAR

BOOKSTORE.

Bowring Brothers,

Limited. •

Ship Owners, Brokers, and General Merchants.

Exporters of Codfish, Salmon, Herring, Seal Oil, Seal Skins,
Cod Oil, Lobsters, Whale Oil, Whale Bone, Etc.

AGENTS FOR LLOYD'S.

London Salvage Association. New Swiss Lloyd's.

Represented by C. T. BOWRING & Co., Ltd., of Liverpool, London, Cardiff.
Repres=nted by BOWRING & Co., New York and San Francisco.

CODES — Scott's, Watkins, A. B. C., Western Union, Premier, &c.
Cables : — " BOWRING," St. John's.

NEWMAN'S

Celebrated Port Wine,

In Cases of 1 doz. each,
at $8.25 in Bond ; also,

in Hogsheads, Quarter Casks a±d Octaves.

Baine, Johnston & Co*,

AGENTS,

TAKE SOME

Insurance with the Confederation

Life if you haven't any.

•*

TAKE SOME MORE

if you have. This is good advice, especially
at this season of the year. Drop a postal
for rates, &c., to

CHAS. O'NEILL CONROY,

GENERAL AGENT FOR NFLD.

Law Chambers, St. John's, N.F.

Fire Insurance Companp

FUNDS $AO, OOO.OOO

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ill... ..HiiniMiiiii.ru i 1 777

INSURANCE POLICIES

Against Loss or Damage by Fire

are issued by the above

well known office on the most

liberal terms.

JOHN CORMACK,

SGENT FOR NEWFOUNDLAND.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLYl

VOL. VI.— No. 4.

MARCH, 1907.

40 CTS. PER YEAR.

.Newfoundland Name-Lore.

By Most Rev. M. F. Howley, D.D.
XVII.

ROC'EEDING along the south shore of Trinity
Bay, after leaving Heart's Content, we have some
names the origin of which is unknown to me.
Thus, Gar/op Point, on Taverner's map, 1744,
is given as Garblo's Pt., Hant's Hr. This latter
is called by Abbe Baudouin in his journal (1696)
J.ance Arbre, which would mean " Tree Cove."
But I have no doubt that this was only an attempt at the pho-
netic spelling of the English name, as in the case of Arcisse.
Hant is most likely a proper name of a person, just as Riissel's
Cove, a little further on. This latter name has lately been
changed to New Melbourne, This is rather to be regretted, but
I believe it was at the request of the people of the place. The
name Sherwink, or Skerwink, is also repeated here. I have
explained it in No. XV. I find a curious corruption of this
name, viz., Scurvy, on the French King's map of 1784, but on
Taverner's map, 1744, these are given as two different points.
The name Stilly Cove is also here repeated. It has been alluded
to and explained in Article No. X. Other names on this part of
the coast are Jean's Harbor, probably from the family name.
Salvage explained in No. XVI. — Sgeir Id. — I cannot explain
this name. We have next a name that is repeated under various
forms on different parts of the coast," viz. :

TURK'S COVE.

Near Brigus we have Turk's Gut. In explaining the name
of St. Barbes (Article VIII.), I mentioned that in early days our
seas were infested by pirates • from Barbary. These terrible
corsairs, who did much damage around our coasts, were called
by the old English settlers by the generic name of Turks, and
the names above mentioned record the memory of some adven-
ture, or landing by them in these harbours. (See Prowse, p. 146.)

PERLICAN.

There are two hai hours bearing this name, and called respec-
tively New and Old Perlican. This word is written Pelican on
the French maps, and no doubt this is correct. The name is
derived from the sea-bird of the species, which is frequent on
the coast. The form Parlican. as it appears on some old maps,
and is no doubt a West-Country mispronunciation. A little to
the westward of Grates Point, there is a headland called

BREAK-HEART HEAD.

This name is of frequent occurrence in Newfoundland, and
seems to imply a very steep headland difficult of being climbed
or ascended. It appears at Placentia in its French form

CREVEZ CCEUR

which is corrupted into Prtvecure. It is the name given to
the very high and bluff head of Castle Hill. Another French
form of it is Casse Cxur, which means the same thing. Litter-
ally, Casse Cceur is break heart; and Crevez Cceur — burst
heart. Casse Cceur appears in the corrupt English form of

GASKERS,
a name given to a part of the shore near St. Mary's. Castries,

the point between Harbour Main, and Conception ; and Gaskin,
wuuld seem to be further corruptious of this word.
We now come to

THE GRATES POINT.

This is an important headland, being, as the — " Sailing Direc-
tions" tells us, " • • • The northern extremity of the peninsula
forming the south side of Trinity Bay." The origin of this
name is the same as that of Cap. tie Grat, and is fully explained
in Article No. VI. of this series. Also the next name

SPLIT CAPE

which forms the "Southern extremity of the peninsula forming
the Northern side of Conception Bay." It is named from the
natural formation of the land which shows a great cleft or
fissure. It is named by the French Cap Fcndu — pronounced
fnmlu, which means the same thing. In Nova Scotia the well-
known Bay of f'untty is a corruption of the same name. In
speaking of Cap. iff Grat I mentioned that there is in its neigh-
bourhood a " Split Cape." There may be a natural phenomenon
of a rift in the rock also in that place, or it may arise from that
tendency so general all over the Island, of repeating names in a
sort of regular routine.

Off the Split Point about two miles distant stands out the bold
and prominent Island of Bacaliu. The passage between is
known ns the Tickle. This was the site of the Loss of the
Steamer Lion some thirty years ago.

The meaning, origin and history of the name Baccalieu has
been fully explained in Articles I. and II.

Coining round Split Point, we enter the great

BAY OF CONCEPTION.

This beautiful name was no doubt given by Cortereal, who fol-
lowed Cabot in 1500, and claimed the newly discovered land
for the Crown of Portugal. The name is found on the earliest
maps extant, as for instance that of Majollo, 1527 ; Homem's
map, 1558; Mason's, 1625; Jacobscz's, 1621, &c., &c. On
some of the English maps as e.g. Seller's, it has been absurdly
corrupted into Consumption Bay ! and it is so called by some of
our people even at the presant day. It alludes to the doctrine
of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary. It is
well known that it was not until the year 1854 that this doctrine
was declared, and solemnly defined as a Dogma of the Catholic
Faith by Pope Pius IX. It was, however, always held as a pius
belief by Catholics from time immemorial, and the early navi-
gators and explorers had a great devotion to this Mystery.
Thus, Father Marquetle, S.J., the great discoverer of the Mis-
sissippi, writes : — " Above all I recommended our journey to the
Immacculate Virgin, and I promised her if we succeeded in
discovering the ' Great River' to give it the name of ' the
Conception? "

The harbour of Conception near the bottom of this Bay, was
formerly called Cat's Cove. Some years ago it was changed to
Conception Harbour. It would have been better to have left out
the word Harbour, and use simply the word Conception, just as

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

we sav Trinity, St. Mary's^ Placentia, Fortune, St. George's, &c., is as usual a great variety of spellings of the name. The French

* * frn nn»*n11«r r-t-.i-.lt I*- /""/•• *-A/l »>*» ijt*-a Tf 1C (WS tfftAlt |-\ 1 p A J"\l"\A T?1 I 1 r1 /"ll 1 1 f\

without the addition of Harbour. I think an effort in that
direction is now being made.

Coming up the northern shore of Conception Bay the first
name of any historical importance which we meet is

BAY DE VERDES.

In No. VIII. of this series, when speaking of Bay Verte, I
have given some reasons for the origin of this name. I showed
that in this latter case the name was appropriately given on
account of the brilliant emerald green of the headlands. These
grassy headlands, bare of woods and covered with a very bright
green grassy sward, are quite common. They are called by the
fishermen " green gardens." The name in some form or other
is found on the earliest maps in our possession, as for instance
the supposed Cabot map (1544) has I. del Berto or Verto.
Green Island, also Lok's map (1582) I. Verde. According to
the reports of the voyage of Caspar de Cortereal, in 1500, he
first made land on the coast of Newfoundland, and he called
the place

TERRA VERDE,

either for the reasons above mentioned or because he thought
the land was

GREENLAND,

If this latter were the case it would show that he was ac-
quainted with the voyages of the Norsemen, or at all events
that the name of that great Northern Continent was known to
him. As a matter of fact the existence of Greenland, was well
known to the learned in Europe ever since the close of the IX.
or X. century. The records of Norse History tell us that in the
year A.D. 886, this land was first discovered by Gunbjarn, and
for about a century from that time was known only as

GUNBJARN'S ROCKS.

But in the year 980 Eric Ruad, having fled from Iceland on
account of some family dispute, was driven westward until he
alighted on the coast of this inhospitable land. He determined
to found a colony there, and in order to induce settlers to come
he by a clever piece of diplomacy, gave the country the name of

GRCEN-LANDT.

or Greenland, " For," said he, " people will be attracted there if
" it has a good name !" The ruse was successful, and the
colony became thickly inhabited and of much importance. It
became the seat of a Bishopric ; and for 400 years communica-
tion was kept up with the Vatican at Rome. It was converted
to Christianity in 1030. And the Vatican Archives show docu-
ments as late as 1448, that is to say within fifty years of Colum-
bus's voyage. It appears upon the pre-Columbian maps, some-
times showing as a peninsula projecting from the north of Eu-
rope, sometimes as part of Asia ; and sometimes as a link
between Europe and America.

There is no other name on this part of the coast of any his-
torical interest till we come to

CROCKER'S COVE

The meaning of this name has been explained when speaking of
Crocq Harbour, (No. VII. of this series.) We now come to
a name the most interesting perhaps of any name in our
country, namely,

CARBONEAR.

This place is one of the most famous settlements of our country.
It holds the proud honor of having never been captured by the
French, in the early wars of our history, and the legends that
cluster around Carbonear Island, might be woven into a most
interesting Historical Romance.

There is a considerable mystery about the origin of the name
and several suggestions on the subject have been made. There

generally spelt it Carbonniere. It is so spelt by Abbe Baudouin
in his account of the invasion of the Island by the French
under captain Le Moyne d'libberville in 1696. A portion of
the French army under command of De Brouillant, Governor of
Placentia, marched overland to Ferryland, while d'Ibberville
went round by sea in the ship L Envieux. They captured
Ferryland, Bay Bulls, Whittle's Bay, Petty Harbour and St.
John's. They then marched to Portugal Cove, and along the
South Shore of the Bay (Conception) to Harbour Main. Thence
by boats to Brigus, Port de Grave, Harbour Grace and finally to
Carbonniere. The people had entrenched themselves on the
Island to the number of about 200 armed men. After several
attempts to land on the Island the French were obliged to aban-
don it. They took Bay Vei (Bay de Verdes) and crossed the
country to Heart's Content. Thence down the shore of Trinity
Bay to Chapel Arm, and back to Placentia. This was indeed
a wondrous feat of manoeuvring for that period and could
hardly be accomplished by an army at the present day. The
following year, 1697, peace was proclaimed and the Treaty of
Ryswick signed. The French retained Placentia. The peace
was of short duration. War broke out again in 1705, and the
French repeated their exploit of 1696. This time they were
commanded by M. Soubercase, Governor of Placentia, and Nes-
cambouit, an Indian Chief who was in charge of a troop of
Native (Indian) soldiers. But again they failed to capture the
impregnable Carboaniere as Charlevoix the P'rench Historian
writes the word. There is a letter from Lord Colville, command-
ing the British fleet in North America, to Mr. Cleaveland on
board the ship Northumberland at St. John's, in which the name
is spelt as we now spell it — Carbonear, for the first time as far
as I know.

The late Rev. Dr. Patterson of New Glasgow, a great authority on the
Portuguese colonies in North America, attributes the discovery of this
place to Cortereal at the same time as his discovery of Bay de Verde, and
he says, on the autotity of Cordeiro, a Portuguese Historian, that Cortereal
gave it the name of

CARBONIERO,

which is the name of a prominent cape on the coast of Portugal. Some
wish to derive the name from

CARBONARI,

the name adopted by a revolutionary secret society in Italy, but this is of
course altogether out of the question. Besides the fact that there would
be no possible appropriateness of application of the word, it is to be remem-
bered that this society had its origin as late as the beginning of the XIX.
Century (1808). It was composed of some discontented Neapolitans and
other Italian republicans, who, rebelling against the rule of the Bourbons
and House of Savoy as well as the Buonaparte regime, retired to the
mountains of the Abrnzzi and Calabria and concealed themselves among
the Carbonari or charcoal burners of these regions, assuming their garb and
occupation as a cover for their seditious designs.

It seems to me that 1 have discovered the real meaning and origin of
this name. In the year 1882, when I visited Carbonear for the first time,
I was shown at the Convent theie a rather antique Chalice. On examining
it I found that it had been presented by the people to the chapel there.
The Hall marks on the Chalice, viz. : figure of Erin : Crowned harp : Sov-
ereign's head (Geo. IV.) and the letters D. E., show that the Chalice was
made in Ireland in 1825, or 6. But the most interesting part is the Inscrip-
tion which is as follows : —

PRESENTED BY THE PEOPLE OF THE HARBOR OF
CARBINEERS TO THEIR CHAPEL.

I believe the above is the correct spelling of the word, and it at once
throws a clear light on the matter, and solves the whole mystery. The
place was so called on account of being garrisoned by a regiment of Car-
bineers, i. e. soldiers armed with the Carbine or Carabine. This was a
short light musket or rifle much in use in those times and the regiment
using it were called Carbineers. The word has almost gone out of use in
the English army, but it is still heard in France and Italy where the regi-
ments of Swiss sharp shooters are still called Carabinieri. The change
from Carbineer to Carbiniere and Carboniere was a natural transition. I
find it spelled in this latter manner as late as 1822 in a letter written by
Bishop Scallan. I think when the above remarks are compared with what
I shall have to say about Mosquito Harbour in next number, the argument
will be convincing. On Thornton's map, 1689, it is spelt Carbonere. The
same on T. Cour Letter's map. 1720. On Cook's map 1774 it is Carbon-
iere. On a map by N. B. (Bellin a French Engineer) of date 1744 we have
Carbinera, for the Harbour and Carbonert for the Island. The " British
Pilot," 1744, has Carbonera.

Thus we jee the gradual development of the name until it assumed its
present form which is not at all as pretty or euphonious as some of the
more ancient forms. -f-M. F. II.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

vvitn Tne Ice Hunters.

By Hon. John Harvey.

O write of the seal fishery for Newfoundland readers
seems rather like emulating that time-honoured
work of supererogation — the carrying of coals to
Newcastle. One approaches the subject with a
certain amount of diffidence ; yet it is remarkable
how few have personal acquaintance with the
tragedy which annually dyes in crimson the virgin
tracts of ice a few miles from our shores ; a voyage
yielding experiences unique and interesting, and surrounded
with a certain element of glamour and excitement.

THE AUTHOR. HON. JOHN HARVEY, M.L.C.

Some of the glamour, alas ! has gone with the days of the old
sailing fleet, when the prizes were for any man and not alone
for the capitalist, and when every cottage had its stake in the
great hunt ; in those days did the shipwrights and the sailmakers
flourish, and the famous toast, " Bloody decks and many of
them," stirred the imagination and chivalry of the land.

Steam came — and in the sordid smoke, the tall masts and
swelling canvas of our old vikings of the west slowly vanished ;
but while much of the picturesqueness of those days has gone
some of it still remains, and though the number of the men is
less, their hardihood, pluck, and skill have in no way abated.

There is perhaps little need to premise here that our seals
are hair seals and quite distinct from the fur seals of Alaska
and the south ; that in the main they may be regarded as of two
principal species, the Harp (phoca Greenlandica) and the
Hood (cystophora cystafa). Not much is known of the life
and habits of either in their Arctic home. Both, however, mi-
grate, with the coming of winter, southward like the birds. The
Harps are mild, civilised, and gregarious. The Hoods are like
a mountain tribe, fierce, independent, solitary, yet to some ex-
tent the latter seem to exercise a protective care over their
more peaceful neighbors.

The Hoods come from the shores of Greenland, the Harps
probably from the quieter shelter of Hudson's Bay. Late in
October they both start south, the Hoods crossing from Green-

land to the Labrador and joining the Harps.

They appears to travel in two long parallel columns, the
Hoods always holding the eastern or seaward position. Thus
they move slowly south, until they reach the great Ocean Banks
off Cape Race. Returning, they mount the ice about the end
of February, in the neighbourhood of the Straits of Belle
Isle. The Harps select young and freshly frozen ice and large,
flat pans. Through these they bore themselves holes which
they keep constantly open and by them enter and leave the
water at will. They congregate in enormous numbers on what
was originally in all probability one large pan, with an area of
some miles, maybe with as many as 300,000, old and young.

To the eastward is the heavier and more rugged ice, consist-
ing of broken bergs and chips of glaciers ground up in the far
away northern latitudes, and borne south on the bosom of the
Arctic current ; here, true to their principles, the Hoods ride the
floe in scattered families. The young Harps or " VVhitecoats"
are covered with an unspotted soft fur, only less white than the
snow on which they lie. They areas pretty as anything can be,
the personification of happiness and content as they lie lazily on
their backs, basking in the sunshine and fanning themselves
gently with their flippers. Close by is the family blow-hole,
through which the old seals go off daily to fish. They often
have to swim long distances in search of food, and while they
are away the great body of ice is moving at the rate of several
miles an hour, while at the same time the pans will perhaps
wheel round one another and change their relative positions ;
but each old seal, swimming for miles and miles under these
vast tracts of ice, unerringly returns to its own blow-hole and to
its own pup, and where there may be several hundred thousand
of these all identically alike, it would not seem a difficult matter
10 make a mistake .sometimes; the old Harps never do. The
voting and the mothers are killed by a blow or two from a heavy
"gaff " or '• bat," and are then cut open and divested of their
great coat of fat, which is the only valuable part of them ; this
is then dragged direct to the ship or is piled with others on a
large pan which has a flag hoisted on it and is often lighted up
with a torch at night, until the ship can come and pick it up.
The dogs, as a rule, have to be shot.

The stealing of panned seals has been a fruitful source of liti-
gation, and of a good deal of hard swearing.

That pathetic incident when the old captain and his men
nut outside the Harbour Grace Courthouse at the termination

A SEALING VESSEL OF ABOUT 70 YEARS AGO.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

of one of these lengthy trials, during which they had success-
fully sustained the charge of taking the pans of another ship,
will live long in sealing annals. It was a famous lawsuit, with
a large amount at stake. There was no denying that the prose-
cution had made out a strong prima facie case; but thereafter
for the defence arose many witnesses, with an unwavering and
indignant repudiation of the prosecution's soft impeachment, and
no amount of legal artifice could avail to shake their tale. They
were all, as the expression is, " On de one word." After the
trial had spun itself into many days a verdict was at last ren-
dered in favor of the defendants ; outraged innocence was vindi-
cated, and as our gallant crew left the Courthouse their faces
betrayed the stress of excitement and anxiety past. It was no
time for much speaking, and. the skipper's voice was husky and
his words were few as he grasped the toil-hardened hands
stretched out to reach his own. " Men ! ye swore noble I"

Writers who have personally seen nothing of the seal fishery,
and who ought to know better, have imagined all sorts of
cruelties practised on the seals. This is a great libel. As
a fact, there is very little suffering inflicted considering the
immense number of seals annually slaughtered, and none wan-
tonly. The animal is completely stunned by the first blow, and
the second kills it.

I have seen men bitten badly and once or twice divested of
important portions of their nether garments as the result of an
encounter with a mother Hood. As soon as the pup can get
into the water the mother loses her affection for him, and
quickly leaves him to shift for himself.

Although the dog Hood, when danger approaches, will
generally leave his wife and child on the ice, he does not desert
them but keeps bobbing up in the water stretching his neck and
gazing anxiously at the spot he has left ; and sometimes return-
ing on the ice when he finds the business that is toward, he will
fight for his family until he too lies beside them ; nor is he any
mean antagonist, for he weighs four hundred to five hundred
pounds and is a good match for three men unless armed with
rifles; neither is it an unusual thing for him to drive his antag-
onist temporarily right off his private pan.

I must say the men have a wholesome respect for him.
These dog Hoods have a large and very tough bladder extend-
ing from the nose to the back of the neck, which they can inflate
at will, and which renders their heads absolutely impervious to
blows, while it gives them when at rest rather a comical appear-
ance. When fighting on the ice they rear themselves up to a
considerable height and as they turn quickly and bite very
savagely the assailant has to look alive. The only way to " bat "

S.S. DIANA JOB BROS. & CO.

One of the first specially built sealing steamers of
about 40 years ago— yet "in the hunt."

When the Harps are approached by man the dog is the first
to lose his nerve. Off he goes headfirst down his blow-hole.
The mother remains by her pup a little longer, but pretty soon
she too comes to the conclusion that " it is the time for dis-
appearing," and she takes her header. There begins a
stampede, and it is very funny when two or three of these fat
animals meet at a blow-hole, where there is only room for one,
and try to get down all at once.

The little Harps are thus left alone to their fate. The rug-
ged " Hood ice" is in comparitively small pans, so that the Hoods
do not require blow-holes, but scramble over the edge when they
want to get into the water, and it is much harder for men to
work upon it.

Occasionally the dog Hood, which is both plucky and strong
and almost as large as an ox, will wait and face his attackers;
but the mother, in strong contrast to the Harp, which always
runs away, will never desert her pup while it is too young and
helpless to escape, but will invariably stay and die in its
defence.

She too is a large animal, though as the pup grows fatter she
grows steadily thinner ; she will turn on her adversary and
growl and bite fiercely, and it is necessary to be decidedly wary
in getting close to her; but a few blows on the head will
quickly kill her.

S.S. TERRA NOVA, IN THE ICE BOWRING BROS., LTD.

The next improved class of sealing steamer of about 20 years ago.

them is for one man to hit the seal hard on the tail, and as the
animal rears and turns to ;*o for him, another gets a blow in on
the throat. It is, however, very seldom that they are successfully
" batted." Stalking them is as fine a sport as any one need
want. To approach near enough to get accurate aim without
alarming them requires the greatest care. It is necessary to
keep out of sight and this is by no means an easy matter on a
background that betrays at once every dark speck and every
movement. In order to skirt the lakes of open water that
probably lie between, or to avoid such ice as it is unsafe to
walk on, long detours and roundabout routes have to be taken
and every pinnacle nnd hummock utilized, and there is a greatly
added zest in the imminent risk one is all the time running of
getting a wet jacket ; for travelling over this ice is, quite by
itself, rather exciting work, requiring Doth activity and judg-
ment. After the dog takes to the water you can generally get
a chance at him if you are patient, but quick and accurate
shooting is necessary to get him as he bobs up in an unexpected
direction ; it is necessary also to have a man ready to run and gaff
him as soon as hit or you will certainly lose him. The dog will
carry away an immense quantity of lead if not lodged in the right
place. Russian seal-hunters array themselves in white, which
no doubt greatly facilitates stalking. With the seals whelp-
ing about March first off the Straits of Belle Isle, and

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

READY TO SAIL FOR THE ICE FIELDS BAINE, JOHNSTON X GO'S. STEAMERS.

The above picture shows our sealing steamers when they were near all barque rigged.

Photos, by James Vey.

GETTING READY FOR THE SEAL FISHERY BAINE, JOHNSTON -t GO'S. FLEET.

This picture show our scaling steamers with all yards removed, and of late no square-sails aie carried on any of the sealing steamers.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

the steamers sailing front)' Newfoundland about ten days
later, each sealing master has before him the nice problem of
determining where the patch has moved to in the meantime, and
how best to navigate his ship through the waste of ice to reach
them in advance of his neighbors. Prior to sailing the main
elements in the problem have to be carefully studied, and a
conclusion is drawn by comparing the direction and force of the
prevailing winds, the formation of the coast line, and the trend
of the ocean currents, together with such information as may be
obtainable in any year as to the nature of the ice. Afterwards
many indications are seized upon and utilized by the astute and
successful seal-killer.

Notwithstanding the enormous strength of the sealing steamers
great care has to be exercised in navigating them. The crews
number up to about two hundred men. After seeing a really
good crew of Newfoundlanders at work one can hardly fail to
be epthusiastic about them. Born and bred to the ice, and
inheriting from past generations a thorough enjoyment of the
sport, anxious to beat their competitors, and withal to make a
good "bill," they are as keen as mustard, and will go through a
prodigious amount of hardship and hard work without a mur-
mur. No other men can do what they do. The equipment
consists of a gaff or heavy boat hook, stout rope, " sculping "
knife, skin boots, warm cuffs, close-fitting working suit, and
colored goggles to prevent ice-blindness.

They often have to walk many miles to reach the seals, and at
times. have to drag them long distances. The risks run seem
very great, and yet the losses from the large number of men
who annually go to the fishery are very few, notwithstanding
that i(j;e and weather are both liable to prove very treacherous.
Occasionally, of course, a terrible disaster will occur, as in the
recent case of the s.s. Greenland. The men are sent out at
daylight and take as a rule nothing with them but some hard
biscuit ; they scatter in small groups and singly for miles, while
the ship may go completly out of sight to pick up her pans of
yesterday, and they m.iy not see her again until long after sun-
down. They may then have to work half the night picking up
pans, stowing seals below, or throwing coal and ballast overboard
to make room for more seals; but they will always be off again at
daylight, ready to go through the same thing day after day. Oc-
casionally the weather will get bad, a fog or snowstorm will come
down, and some will be left out all night; and that means pretty
cold work, with no great coat and no shelter.

The men commonly drag about three hundred pounds to a
" tow," and, except for those who have tried it, it is not easy to
realize what this means, especially over Hood ice. It entails
the surmounting of obstacles with every step, crawling over

3.S. GRAND LAKE, JAMMED, AT THF, SEAL FISHERY A. J. HARVEY

This steamer was built specially for our mail service to contend with ice on
coast in winter, and is a first-class sealer.

pinnacles, leaping over chasms, getting across soft and treacher-
ous ice, occassionally falling in. I tried a sealer's full " tow '*
once or twice myself and feel tired now when I think of it. The
crew are partners in the venture, receiving one-third of the catch
as their share. They are divided into three watches, each of
which is in charge of a master watch and one assistant, termed
a "scunner," evidently a corruption of the old English word " con-
ner." One of the " scunners " is always kept in the foretop, from
which vantage point he directs the course of the ship so far as
her movements through the ice are concerned. Under his
guidance she wends slowly through the maze of ice, avoiding
the heavy pans, wheeling aside the lighter ones, working for any
leads that may open up through it, sometimes straining and
steaming at full pressure for ten minutes without moving an
inch, until at length the steady effort tells and she slowly begins-
to forge ahead. But when a steamer finds nothing else for it she
moves back through the channel she has made and with a cloud
of canvas drawing (for most of the ships are bark or barkentine
rigged and loftily sparred) and with full steam ahead she crashes
into the impeding ice. Sometimes she smashes her way through,
sometimes she has to go back and try again, but when she is
brought up all standing, quivering, and groaning, one wonders
how even solid greenheart and iron can survive it. Then it
may be necessary to get out the dynamite and blast a way
through. Over the "scunner's" head again, in a large barrel
slung at the top of the highest mast, is the " barrel man." This
position is one of great importance, and is generally occupied
either by the captain himself or his first officer, armed with a
powerful telescope on the lookout for any and sundry indications
that may point the way of the seals. Every day there is a lively
half hour when the ship is stopped to take water. A small
berg with high pinnacles is selected and the ship ranged along-
side; axes are got out and large lumps chopped off and passed
on board. These are then steamed down. All the water used
by the sealing fleet is obtained in this way. It is perfectly fresh.
On March 8, some years ago, I was fortunate enough to find
myself on board the steamship Newfoundland, a guest of Ci.pt.
Farquhar's, bound for the ice. The ship was the largest and
one of the finest in the fleet, and the trip was full of interest
throughout. We were obliged to steam out of Bay Roberts,
where we had shipped a picked crew, in a hurry, to avoid heavy
ice which an easterly gale was driving into Conception Bay,
threatening to pin us there. The Newfoundland was headed
for Seldom-come by, whence in accordance with the sealing laws
we were to clear oh the tenth of March. The name Seldcm-
come-by proved appropriate, for owing to the continued ice jam
we were never able to get within miles of it; though as every
one knows Seldom-come-by is really so named because
its inhabitants maintain that its attraction is so great
that coasting craft seldom come by that way without
calling in. Owing to the tremendous ice pack Captain
Farquhar had finally to abandon the idea of cfearing
the ship at all and we were forced to proceed on our
way without complying with that important formality.
On the i2th we passed several families of Hoods, but
owing to the legal restrictions we were not allowed on
that date to take them. We got temporarily jammed
near one old dog Hood, which evinced much interest in
our proceedings, finally proving a greater temptation
than some of our men could quietly endure. Three of
them jumped overboard on the ice, armed with gaffs,
and for ten minutes we witnessed a most entertaining
fi^ht. The seal was thoroughly game, and the men had
to look alive to keep out of his reach. At last two of
them broke their gaffs and had to retire, while the
third, after an ineffectual struggle, lasting a very few
minutes, found he was no match for the powerful Hood,
and quickly made tracks also. So amid many sarcasms
and much ridicule the three heroes made good their
retreat and climbed aboard, while the old seal, having
asserted his lordship over the frozen pans, betook him-
self to the edge and swam leisurely off, a hearty cheer
following him from the ship.

On the i3th we were heading N.N.W. towards Groais
Islands, but were making little headway. It was blowing

CO.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

half a hurricane right in our teeth, and the heavy ice was going out
to the eastward in a body at a great rate. Close at hand several
large bergs broke the level lines of the iee-fields. The ship's
head was directed to one of these. It was exciting work getting
alongside, as it stood motionless with the ice tearing by. As
we came close, a score of men were hurried overboard with rope
and cable ; these were made fast to protruding parts of the berg
and in a few minutes we were lying quietly anchored to its
immense mass, and riding in a smooth lake of open water in its
lee. At the rate the surrounding ice was being driven eastward,
it was equivalent to steaming about five knots through the floe,
without burning a ton of. coal. The situation was rendered still
more lively by the report from the barrel that a good many
families of Hoods were to be seen passing us on the running
ice, and that they were becoming constantly more numerous.
These icebergs are often good -friends to the seal hunter. Ex-
tending for about nine-tenths of their bulk under water, they are
but slightly affected by the wind, which blows the field ice about
in all directions. When it blows hard this ice.piles up on the
windward side of a berg, and leaves an open-Take of water to
leeward. I got into a boat with half a dozen of the crew and
rowed to the edge of the floe, and I wish I could reproduce the
scene as it appeared from there. The dazzling shimmer of the
field ice as it rushed by, the emerald green and glittering pin-
nacles of the huge berg sparkling in the brilliant sunshine, its
face a sheer precipice of pure while, rearing itself to many times
the height of the masts and towering over our ship, the dark
line of the hull relieved by the bright scarlet of the funnel,
crouching in the blue water beneath, combined to make up a
picture not easily forgotten. We dared not go very far on the
ice, as it was moving quickly, and travelling was difficult, but
we managed to get up to one family of Hoods which lay not
far away. The dog, an immense fellow, shuffled into the water
upon our approach, but every now and then his black head
would pop up, and he kept an anxious watch from the water on
our proceedings. The mother, as she always does, stayed be-
side her pup and rounded on us savagely as we approached.
Very soon, however, one of the men managed to get possession
of the little fat chap, and he was carried alive into the boat, and
the two old seals got very worried. The mother, finding her
pup gone, scrambled off the ice and joined her mate ; swimming
about very hurriedly and excitedly, 'now here, now there, they
would shoot out of the water to peer over our gunwale, at times
almost jumping into the boat in their anxiety to see whit had
befallen their baby. Evidently they were wild with pure trouble
but nevertheless little Joseph was taken down into Egypt, to wit,
the ss. Newfoundland, and three hundred men did obeisance be-
fore him. That night our position was an enviable one. The
Hoods had continued to increase in number. The next day
the law allowed us to take them. We were alor.e in the middle
of the seals, and there are few more satisfactory situations
vacant on this planet. Next morning we found ourselves tight
jammed and immovable. Before dawn breakfast was served to
the crew and they mustered on deck. As the sun rose long
lines of men in Indian file started out from the ship. The New-
fottndland became a great octopus, spreading her tentacles in all
directions and sweeping up the ice. Each file was headed by
half a dozen or more standard-bearers, carrying scarlet flags to
mark the pans on which the pelts were to be piled. Soon some
of the hunters began to dribble back with long "tows" behind
them, and we took our first seals on board. There were a lot
of old dogs swimming in the little lakes of open water close at
hand, and I got out my Winchester and had a good time. No
one need want better sport than these old dog Hoods give, and
there was hardly a day for the next fortnight that I did not
make a good bag.

One large dog that I shot in the water on the first day gave a
good deal of trouble. The man who accompanied me ran over
as soon as the seal was hit and got his gaff successfully hooked
in the animal's hood. But the seal had considerable life still
left in him, and it was rather more than my man could do to
hold him. I ran to his assistance and for some minutes the
seal in the water and we on the ice had a regular tug of war.
At length the seal got too many for us, and we had to choose-
between being dragged overboard and letting go. We chose

the latter alternative and the seal went off leaving us somewhat
played out, and taking our gaff with him, much to the disgust of
my companion, as it is by no means safe to find one's self on
the ice without one. Einding the seal did not reappear, I went
on to stalk another which was visible in the distance. An ex-
citing chase disposed of him and I was on my way back to the
ship when I perceived a black head appearing near the scene of
our recent tussle; and then slowly and languidly, and leaving a
crimson streak behind him, rose our friend and lay down on the
ice, with the gaff still dragging behind him, to die.

There is generally a bit of a breeze blowing which keeps the
ice together. When this drops down the ice is sure to loosen
and walking over it becomes difficult and dangerous, and often
impossible. One evening this occured when almost the entire
crew were away from the ship. The ice " went abroad " rapidly
and 250 men were scattered at every point of the compass and
many miles apart. Soon the sun went down, and it became
very doubtful if we should be able to find them all. There
were no other ships near, which is unusual when there are seals
about. Eortunately the weather was fine though cold. The
water was like a mill pond, reflecting the stars, which shone
brightly overhead. As we steamed about through the ice in
the still air, with eager eyes on the lookout, a twinkling light
would be occassionally discovered beckoning us, and as we
approached, the far off report of a gun, or a faint shout,
would be distinguished in the silence ; and so we picked them
gradually up, a few at a time. But at ten o'clock there were still a
great many missing. The ice had now separated entirely, and
only single pans were floating on the calm water. At length
some flickering lights were made out right away on the horizon,
but disappointments had already been met with from the fact
that a number of our pans of seals were lighted up with torches,
and these had been again and again mistaken for signals from
the men.

The ship's course was, however, directed to these lights, and
as we approached them the fires seemed to burn more brightly.
About midnight we came upon them. There were several large
pans floating singly, but not far apart, looking like great white
rafts; each had a cordon of fire completely surrounding it, an
unbroken rampart, and within could be seen the dark forms of
men huddled together. The scene was duplicated by the per-
fect reflection in the water. Fire is obtained on the ice by
putting a piece of wood into a seal pelt and lighting it. The
whole effect in this instance was very weird, but we were much
relieved to find on mustering that the whole crew had been
recovered.

We continued to do well, getting from 150 to 5,000 seals per
day, which would not be considered particularly good in Harps,
but is excellent work with Hoods. The equivalent of 24,000
young had been secured, and eveiything continued to promise
well, when our chief engineer, who was a first rate man and a great
favorite on board, was suddenly taken ill, and the captain de-
termined to make for shore in order to try and save his life.
We bore up for home on the 28th of March, with many regrets
for the early termination of the voyage as well as for the cause
of it. St. John's was sighted March 29, and we found ourselves
the first arrival from the fishery. Our trip had occupied just
three weeks and we brought back half a cargo worth $33,000.

Personally. I wanted another fortnight of it badly. I had
had plenty of excellent shooting and no end of healthy excite-
ment, and had immensely enjoyed the complete severance from
the every day world.

As this paper has been introduced with the toast that launch-
ed our old sealing fleet, that the age of steam may not be entirely
robbed of its romance, does it not seem fitting that the senti-
ment given us by our local laureate should be with us as we

part ? —

'• Then here's to Captain Farquar,
Likewise his gallant crew,
May you be spared for many years
The ' Whitecoats ' for to slaw."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

KeprotiiiccJ by Jamts Vey.

S. S. ADVENTURE — A. J. HARVEY & CO.

The S. 3. Adventure.

THE latest addition to the sealing fleet is the s. s. Adrinture.
She embodies more or less revolutionary ideas. She is design-
ed not only to be the most up-to-date and powerful steamer
used for the seal-fishery, but also to be an efficient ship for the
general carrying trade of the world.

Unlike the rest of the fleet which is constructed of wood, she
is built throughout of very heavy steel without shearing. She
has water-tight compartments to make her as far as possible un-
sinkable, a double bottom and water tanks which can be filled
from the sea and again pumped dry, thus enabling her to shift
ports without taking ballast.

She is built with large hatches and powerful steam winches
and an electric searchlight, while her large decks enable her to
" cool " a large number of pelts at one time, and her consider,
able bunker capacity preclude the necessity of putting any coal
into her seal-carrying holds as has to be done in other cases.
She is capable of steaming fully 25 per cent, faster that the
best of the old fleet.

The experiment appears to have proved an unqualified suc-
cess, and she has shown her ability to make her way through
ice which would entirely block the older types.

A comparison between the s. s. Walt us (built 1863) and the
s.s. Adventure ( 1905) indicates partially the progress made,—

Tonnage. Length. Breadth. Depth. Nominal H.P.

s.s. Walrus.... 374.... 148 ft 25ft 15 ft 55

278 ft 38 ft 25ft 370

s.s. Adventure. . 826 ....

In jYLemoriam.

Cafit. Arthur Ja.ckm.an — the Famous Sealing

SEAS that are lash'd into fury wild —

Waves that no mercy know —
Breakers that -break with a mad desire

And a voice from the hell below I
Icebergs that grind and seethe and swirl

Like, the tiger in savage sport —
These are the dangers — mildly put —

To the "ships that make no port."
**'•*•

His was the head, and the heart and the hand

That held such things as naught ;
His were the daring and dauntless deeds

Whose records of life are fraught :
For it is the BRAVE, the STRONG, the TRUE,

That attract ! Aye ! and made life grand !
The balance goes down on the favoured side

In the hearts of his native land !

Silent the heart of the Captain brave !

Widow'd and lone his ship !
Flown has his flag for the !ast sad time,

'Mid sorrow and silent lip I
Dim are the clouds in the far, far north,

" Where the scailet sun doth rise";
Ti-rn'd is his gaze from the misty mere

And the bergs and the threat'ning skies !
February 4th, JQO?.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

St. John s, 'Newfoundland.

'Population City, over 30,000.

TW.EATRE

and Lectures.

.... A fully equipped for ....
fTTI • 1 /~\ / /O

JL neatncals, f| \Jperas, fj| (Concerts,

STAGE — with a complete set of Scenery to suit all Dramatic Performances— is, height, 26 feet;
depth, 25 x 56 feet. Tie-floor Gallery, Five Dressing Rooms, One Piano ; Two Private Boxes. Opera
Chairs, 400; Gallery, 350; Pit, 600; Total, 1,350 seating capacity. Heated by Steam, Lighted by Gas
and Electric Light. Entrance to all parts of Theatre by Henry Street.

For further particulars as to open dates, rent, etc., apply to

JAMES J. BATES, 'President.

or GEO. J. COUGHLAN, Secretary.

CABLE ADDRESS: " WASLAT.1

W. A. SLATTERY,

Wholesale Dry Goods.

. SPECIALTY OF

Cotton and Wool Tents,

Remnants and Seconds.

WARE ROOMS :

Seaman's Home Building,

Duckworth S.treet, St. John's, N. F".

The

The Attractions
of this Store

. . . . AKK. . . .

The largest and most
varied Stock in the
Colony at

The Lowest Prices

consistent with quality.
Call and examine.

CALLAttAN, GLASS & CO.,

Duckworth and
Cower Streets.

Public Notice.

UNDER the authority of " The Crown Lands
Act, 1903," Section 9, the following piece of
land has been reserved by His Excellency the Gov-
ernor in Council and set aside for the use of the
Public, viz : —

A strip of land Thirty-three feet wide above high
water mark on the shore of Bay Saint George, and
extending along the shore of said Bay from Turf
Point to Flat Bay Brook.

R. BOND,

Colonial Secretary.
Colonial Secretary's Office, January 22nd, 1907.

NOTICE!

"THE attention of Masters and Owners

' "of Steamers, earring Passengers coastwise,
is called to Chapter 1 15 of the Consolidated Statutes,
which prohibits any steamer from engaging in coast-
wise passenger traffic unless a proper survey is made
by the authorized Surveyors, and a certificate ob-
tained granting the necessary permission to do so.
No steamer will be cleared that has not complied
with this law.

Custom House, St. John's, Newfoundland, 25th
February, 1907.

H. W. LeMESSURIER,

Assistant Collector.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

s. s. " ROSALIND" — RKD CROSS LINE.

SAILING BETWEEN

CAP!'. CLARKE.

THE RED CROSS LI

J . - *.J . •-.- - ^WBBl

New York, Halifax, N. S., and St. John's, N. F.

For a short vacation, the round trip
by one of these steamers is hard to
beat, and is cheap enough to suit the
most modest purse.

AGENTS:

HARVEY & Co., and BOVVRING BROS., LTD., St. John's, N.F.

G. S. CAMPBELL & Co., Halifax, N. S.
BOWRING & Co., i'7 State Street, New York.

UP-TO-DATE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION.

Rates — To New York, Single ... .$34.00; Return ... .$60.00; Steerage ... .$13.00; Return ... .$26.0x3

- " Halifax,

.... 1 8.00 ;

34.00 ;

6.00;

I2.OO

FREIGHT CARRIED AT THROUGH RATES TO ALL POINTS,

CAPT. FARRELL.

s. s. "SILVIA"- — RED CROSS LINE.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Supreme Court of Newfoundland

List of Deputy Sheriffs.

SOUTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

Ferryland

George Geary.

St. Jacques

Mobile

John T. Fitzgerald.

Helleoram

William Trainer.

Pushthrough

St Mary's

Placentia and St. Mary's.

Jas. J. Bishop.

Harbor lireton

Francis R. Curtis.

Hurgeo

Albert Kelland

« *

« >

u *

Peter Manning.

Channel

James H Wilcox.

Flat Island

t( t

Stephen White.

G rand River

t< «

Cyrus Heck, sr.

Robinson's Head

it t

11 t

William G. Pittman.

Wood's Island

(t i

Eli Harris

Daniel J Gilker.

Bonne Bay

St. Barbe .

NORTHERN DISTRICT.

RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES. RESIDENCE.

DISTRICTS.

NAMES.

St Anthon

St Barbe

James Johnson.

Noah liurge.
Isaac Manuel
John W. James.
Noah Miller.
Edmond Benson.
k. Currie.
Caleb Tuck.
George Janes.
George Leawood.

Wm. A. Toms.
Constable T. Walsh.
P. J. Leary.
Peter Campbell.
Thomas Roberts.
William Lanmng.
Peter Moores.
J. T. Bendle.
George S. Lilly.
Alfred G. Young.
William Baird.

Catatina

Trinity

Tilt Cove

Twillingate

Bonaventure

Pilley's Island

Shoal Harbor

Foster's Point

f * ,-t

Eliel Noseworthy.

Charles Rendell.
Moses Bursey.
Reuben Curtis.
Eli Garland.
Ewen Kennedy.
Ernest Forward.
John Trapnell.
A. Hieilihy.
Benjamin Butler.
John Leamon.

James Murphy.
William Maher.
WHliam Butler.
A. E. Rees.

Edward Harding.

New Harbor

„

Ambrose Fitzgerald.
George Foster.
Philip Perry.

Old Petlican

Bay de- Verde

Bay-de- Verde

Lower Island Cove. . . .

n i i d

Robert Pike.

Adam Bradley.
N. Gillingham.
Jacob Hefferton.
Peter Roberts.

Carbonear

Mus-grave Harbor

Pinchard's Island

Wesleyville

1
Bonavista

Conception Harbor . . .
Harbor Main

Harbor Main

Thomas Wornell.
Charles Kean.
Mark Gibbons.

r i t

Holy rood

r b

Middle Bight

R Irl

Bell Isl'd — Lance Cove.

St. John's East

Edward Oldford.

Bell Island— Beach

March,

JAMES CARTER, Sheriff, Newfoundland.
W. J. CARROLL, Sub-Sheriff,

JOB BROTHERS & Co.,

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

°f British and American Goods of every
description— Wholesale and Retail.

of Codfish, Codoil, Codliver Oil, Seal Oil,
Lobsters, Furs, and general produce.

All orders for same promptly filled at very lowest rates.

John Carew

CONTRACTOR and BUILDER

Undertaking specially attended to.

Always on hand a large and varied stock of
. Caskets and Coffins ; silver-plated and other
mountings. Branches, Stands, and all re-
quisits furnished at shortest notice.

JOHN CAREW, - - - 10 Carew Street.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

St. John's Municipal Council

In accordance with the terms of Section J43 of the Municipal Act, J9Q2,

the following Statements of Estimated Expenditure and Revenue

<& for the Year 1907 are published: — <£

ESTIMATED REVENUE

Interest on Credit Balance at Bank

Interest on Coal Bonds

Watering Vessels

Auctioneers Tax

Lighting and Sanitation

Telegraph Company Tax .

Roads, East

Roads, West

South Side Road

Water Department

Water Rates

Sewerage Rates

Arrears

Vacant Lands

Crown Rents

Customs Water Rates

Customs Coal Duties

Bank Tax

Life Insurance Company Annual Tax .

Horse Tax

Cart Tax

Carriage Tax

Licenses

Brokers on Margins

Marine Insurance Company Annual Tax. .
Accident Insurance Company Annual Tax
Billiard Table Tax

Steamship Tax

Fire Insurance Company Special Tax
Fire Insurance Company Annual Tax

Pound Account

South Side Lighting

Loan Association

Sanitary Department

Pedlars Tax

Street Railway Tax

$ 250.00
700.00

3,500.00
175.00

8,000.00
400.00

2,815.00

2,662.50

43°-S°

300.00

43,250.00

10.350.00

16,000.00

600.00

2,000.00

3.000.00

57,000.00

3.500.00

I.OOO.OO

1,400.00
620.00

I, IOO.OO

180.00

250.00

200.00

150.00

200.00

1,600.00

2,000.00

2,700.00

50.00

250.00

IOO.OO

800.00

180.00

1,150.00

$168.863.00

M. P. GIBBS, Mayor.

JOHN L. SLATTERY, Sec.-Treas.

ESTIMA TED EXPENDITURE .-

Interest $ 48,000.00

Interest Savings Brink 64.00

Watering Vessels 500.00

Town Improvements 2,000.00

Watering Streets 1,600.00

Triennial Appraisement 600.00

Open Spaces 50.00

Flection Expenses 500.00

Street Crossings 500.00

Roads, East 9,000.00

Roads, West 1 1,000.00

Road Making Machinery. . 3,000.00

Salaries 12,000.00

Fire Department 12,000.00

South Side Road 1,000.00

Legal Expenses 1,500.00

Contingencies 200.00

Engineers Department 35°-°°

Printing, Stationery and Advertising 700.00

Water Department 13,000.00

Sewerage Department 5,0013.00

Miscellaneous 225.00

Customs Water Rates 100.00

Customs Coal Duties 2,500.00

Fish Markets 1,300.00

Offices 1,250.00

Lighting Streets 8,500.00

Rent Ground, Flavin Street 106.00

Horse, Cart and Carriage Taxes 350.00

Flushing Drains and Gulleys 400.00

Pound Account 100.00

South Side Lighting 500.00

Sanitary Department 26,000.00

Bannerman Park

Victoria Park

Health Officer, &c

Sundries unenumerated ......

Riverhead Stream Diversion .

1,250.00

1,200.00

500.00

750.00

$168,845.00

M. P. GIBBS, Mayor.

JOHN L. SLATTERY, Sec.-Treas.

Phenix Insurance Co.,

Of Brooklyn, New York

Coinsurance effected at lowest Current Rates of Premium on
all kinds of property in Newfoundland.

A O. HAYWARD, K.C.,

Agent for Newfoundland.

Manning's Drug Store,

148 & 150 New Gower Street.

Only Drug Store in the City

OPEN ** EVERY ^ NIGHT
TILL H O'CLOCK.

When writing to. Advertisers kindly mention "The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Tne British ana American Empires.

By Rev. M. J.

HAT is the reason ? I am often asked, — what is the .
reason why the Americans, who until lately re-
garded the United Kingdom with envy and the
feelings which spring from envy, have changed
within the past year to a state of indifference and
quiet contempt towards the present Government
of Great Britain ? That government themselves,
if we may judge from the newspapers which are their organs,
have been asking themselves the same question. The West-
minster Gazette wonders why the British Embassy in Washing-
ton, which used to hold the first rank, now has fallen, in Ameri-
can imaginations, to a place below the German Embassy. Con-
tempt, says an Eastern proverb, can pierce the shell of a tortoise ;
it is well, at all events, that it can pierce the skin of a Radical.
There is a poetic justice in the idea that Mr. Bryce, who set
going the anti-colonial pandemonium during the Boer war, for
the advantage of his party, should now have the task of encoun-
tering the feelings which he aroused from their sleep. All well-
wishers of Mr. Bryce will, however, be glad that he has obtained
the advantage of an education in Washington. Contact with
men like Roosevelt, Root, and Lodge will rid him of the notion,
so dear to Radicals, that the world is governed by sentimentality
and palaver; and he will not long observe his own party, from
this side of the Atlantic, and discharge the office of making re-
presentations that are known to have no firmness behind them,
without contracting the feelings towards his party that are in the
air of this country. Last summer, a gentleman came to Roches-
ter from Ireland, and as he knew some friends of mine in Ire-
land we are pretty intimate. He is a thoroughly loyal man, and
he was full of admiration for the " Liberal" party. I did not in-
dicate any dissent from his opinions because I had held them
once, and I felt that he would abandon them as I did. After
he had been here about three, months, one day I happened to
express a sentiment disparaging to them, and I added : " I dare
say you do not agree with me ; but after you have been here
about a year, you will find you have changed your opinion of
that party." " I feel my opinion already changing," he said.
He has since then completely changed. Why is it that this feel-
ing of looking down now prevails ? Apart from the general con-
tempt for inefficiency and weakness, it must be remembered
that the governing party in this country has always been Un-
ionist and Imperialist ; and though it had a strong Radical —
Imperialist wing forty years ago, to which Roosevelt by birth
belonged, the Radicalism has been steadily weakening, and may
be said to be extinct since the President's announcement of his
change to Conservative principles. Now, when a man changes
his principles, he usually has an aversion for the delusions, as
he regards them, from which he has escaped ; and if he is a
man of Roosevelt's temper, he entertains contempt for those who
are not as quick-sighted as he. Roosevelt is doubtless glad in
his heart that the English Radicals adhere to free-trade; but
when he publicly describes free-trade as a specious theory, by
which he was once misled, that has been refuted by experience,
he can have little respect for those who are blind to the teaching
of experience. The Americans have also learned from the Eng-
lish teachers now visiting this country that the Nonconformist
people in England felt no grievance against the educational sys-
tem until they were persuaded they had a grievance by politi-

<Ryan, PL D.

cians and by ministers of religion who are the catspaws of
politicians. And when the President is preaching union, —
union between North and South ; union between classes,
fraternity between churches, and expressing the hope that
there may be one day a Catholic President, — Conservative
Americans are ready to feel that it is Great Britain that
now has the " American Politicians," in the men who have
drawn the English and Scotch people (fortunately for the U. S.
and Germany) away from the consideration of their national in-
terests into a sectarian faction-fight. A plan of secular educa-
tion might have the sympathies of the irreligious majority in
this country, but neither the religious nor the irreligious have
any respect for a plan to give purely secular authorities the
teaching of religion (a new religion) and the right of deter-
mining what that doctrine is to be. This attempt to endow a
new religion excites only amused contempt.

The Democratic party might have been expected to sympa-
thise with Radicals; but though Mr. Bryan, who is a Baptist,
made an attempt to excite admiration for them, he altogether
failed. The South, though supporting the Democrats is aristo-
cratic, religious, conservative, and Episcopalian ; it remembers
that the Political Dissenters in England applauded the enfran-
chisement of the ignorant negro which was the subjugation of the
white. In the North, a large proportion of the Democrats is
Catholic; the majority of the Catholics are Democrats, and are
estranged from the Liberals by the attempt to persecute the
Catholic schools ; while the Clan-na-Gael, who would shed no
tears over the destruction of Catholic schools, are full of con-
temptuous hostility for the party who have abandoned the plan
of an Irish parliament, are postponing the reform of Dublin
Castle, and are daily destroying their own power to reform
anything.

It cannot happen to a party to be accused in the face of the
world, by both the Anglican and the Catholic hierarchies, of
having " broken both their public and their private assurances "
without the loss ensuing of confidence and of respect. Ameri-
cans admire grit also and despise the lack of it. When the
German Kaiser wanted to give the French a kick and to force
them to dismiss a patriotic minister, he waited until the French
atheists and " Liberals " began their attack on Christianity; he
knew they would not leave off that attack for the purpose of
defending their nalional interests and their national honour; and
so the American President in dealing with the fishery question,
waited until the British Radicals had divided the Kingdom
against itself by a sectarian faction-fight. May I recall that
I predicted that the Liberal party would not defend the interests
of Newfoundland ? That could easily be foreseen. The
piesent Chancellor of the Exchequer and the Secretary of War
had objected to preferential trade that it would give offence to
the Americans ; and their supporters thought it a good argument.
It was the fear of a shadow, for the Americans showed, when
Canada gave a preference that they know they have neither the
right nor the power to interfere in the internal affairs of another
empire. Lord Rosebery, the most patriotic of the Liberals,
"excommunicated" for his patriotism, said: "We must not
get into a tariff-war with the Americans ; they are more pugna-
cious than we are ; they would do more, and endure more, in
order to win, than we would." And he is the most patriotic of

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

the Liberals. Is it, indeed, true that the British are less plucky
than the Americans ? It is unfortunately true of the party
which Rosebery supports. Not all of the Liberals are timid,
but all the timid people are of that party ; in this sense it may
be called The Timid Party ; and in a similiar way it may be
called the American party. The irreligious people on the Con-
servative side have to support religion ; the religious people on
the " Liberal " side have to acquiesce in measures injurious
to religion, and to try to persuade themselves that these
measures are not really injurious ; in this sense the
" Liberal " party may be called the irreligious party. It
is amusing, however, to see that, in the opinion of some
people, the " Liberals " do everything good and nothing wrong;
for when they do anything good, they are "the Liberals,"
and when they do anything bad they are " the English;" conse-
quently, " the Liberals " never do anything wrong. In this way
the impeccability and infallibility of the Liberal party are estab-
lished. It is in this way that the foreign press acts. The pro
Boer press of the world is now pro-Congo, for the same reason
as it was pro-Boer; during the Boer war it praised the Liberals,
and they were " the Liberals ;" it now reviles them, but it calls
them " the English," and actually accuses them of being actu-
ated by patriotism, — an accusation at which the Liberals are
naturally indignant. My own co-religionists at least, may now
see through the impudence of the " Liberal " pretence of pro-
tecting the Catholics against a bigoted nation ; it is right with-

in the bosom of the " Liberal " party that the bigotry exists-
The English people are liberal, though not " Liberal ;" for
Liberalism is now separated from liberality as well as from
patriotism and religion by the whole diameter of the political
arena. People may now see that an English or Scotch politician
is not necessarily honest because he is unpatriotic ; the cosmo-
politanism of these gentlemen is only timidity and sectarianism
in a mask. The bigots within their ranks think that the glory
of God and the divine interests (that is the interests of their own
sect) justify the means, and make an exception to the command-
ments of God : — Thou shalt not bear false witness except against
other people's religion, or against your Country, for the benefit
of your sect in other countries e.g. among the Boers: Thou
shalt tiot rob, except by taxing (or trying to tax) every one for
the benefit of a set of schools that would suit no one's conscience
but your own. Thou shalt not kill, except by stirring up unjust
wars against nations of another religion, especially against weak
nations like Spain. These are the new commandments which
the bigots within the " Liberal " party follow. There can be no
respect for the " Liberals," in any country, until they cease to
waste their strength against the impregnable defences of religion
in England, and until they return to the principles of religious
and civil freedom, and undertake the task to which they are
bound by the pledges of twenty years, and to which the English
people at the last election assented, viz., that of decentralizing the
United Kingdom, and democratizing the Irish Government.

Few Literary Landmarks.

Bv G. R. F. Pr

VST a few words of teacher's shop on literature in
general. Poor old Ruskin, living in his beautiful
Lake Cottage, dreaded the advent of the railway.
There would be no spot left sacred by the tripper,
and the desolation the railway and its accompany-
ing industries produced would send back man to
barbarism. But the parks have come and given
the wayfaring man to-day a keener love of nature
than ever was possessed by the intellectual giants of past cen-
turies. If Ruskin should be so understood he is wrong in my
opinion. I have watched nature in many moods, and she ap-
peals to me most surely when I see some sign of men's handi-
work on a railway. So with the teacher. August bodies called
Advisory Boards ravaged the literary world for utilitarian pur-
poses— to find materials for teaching — and some may fear there
will be no byways where teachers may roam in literature on
those sacred days when the phonics cease from troubling and
the spellers are at rest. I am sure, however, that in time we shall
feel about literature as I do about nature, that the finest passages
will glow with their fullest warmth when we catch a glimpse of
little childish forms in the distance. This is a teacher's ideal.

My title is like the names of some novels, calculated to tickle
the fancy more than to inform. The time is so short that I in-
tend to cast logic and system and all that sort of mental ballast
overboard and go along with every wind of fancy. For my pur-
pose I divide all descriptive literature into those works which
display man's character, and those which narrate his activities.
Shakespeare and Moliere for instance are essentially character
drawers ; in the former at least we get no connected picture
of contemporary English life. His characters are for all time,
and might have lived at anytime, and anywhere for all we care.
I mean to pass this character literature by, and speak only of
the literature of travel, and adventure— mainly of its imaginative
side and especially of the two great " processional novels" as
they are sometimes called— Don Quixote and Pickwick Papers.

The highest examples of this activity literature, (as I shall
presume to call it for want of a better word) have generally
appeared at some critical period in the world's history — hence,
perhaps, the only justification for my title. They also have as-
sumed consciously, or unconsciously a certain type, the adven-
tures of a central hero in all the familiar scenes of daily life —
high and low. In the two great processional novels the hero
is split in two, so to speak, and presents a tragic and comic view
of life. So much by way of general introduction.

My first illustration comes from the Pentateuch — the lyric of
the Patriarchs, the epic of the Exodus. The three great Hebrew
progenitors and Joseph are the heroes around whom are woven
scenes of pastoral and civic life, family, and court life, war, and
industry. The branch of the Semitic race from which Abraham
sprang has remained unprogressive, so that I believe events
similar to those we read of in Genesis may or might have hap-
pened in Arabia Felix within this century and excited no amaze-
ment The Exodus with Moses as its central hero has quite an-
othei interest. It is the only literary work which in full-blooded
living fashion gives us a picture of one of those human swarm-
ings which so profoundly affected Europe and indirectly everyone
in this room. Antiquarians are gathering information about
these early migrations — about Iberians, Hittites, and Celts, but
when they have done their best they will have done little more than
reconstruct a mere skeleton. Even the imagination of an Ebers
cannot give life to that past such as we find in the Exodus epic.

I must take one other illustrations from a non-progressive
literature. I refer of course to the Arabian Nights. Here we
have a progress through a series of adventures doubtless, all
having a substratum of fact. I suppose it would be fair to say
that these wonderful transformation scenes stand to the Persian
audience listening to some fakir under the palms, as our dear
pedagogic friend and ally Santa Claus does to the child of five.

I do not purpose to say much about the great Grecian epic.
I shall be treading on ground given over to the improvement

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

of our minds. Homer is true to type, the great central hero —
Ulysses moves from one scene to another, from courts to swine-
herds huts, from the carnage of war to the peaceful voyage
around the Great Sea of the ancients. From Homer I turn
naturally to our own Arthurian legend which corresponds in
many ways to the old Grecian epic the same love of virtue and
bravery, beneath the same barbaric pomp, the same simple
homely living. Perhaps the next landmark demanding our atten-
tion is Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. They are more like a series
of tableaux vivants that) a true epic — there is no central hero, but
they picture for all time the England of Pre-Renascence days.

Having satisfied the academic instincts which I feel sure actu-
ate us all to see these landmarks as a systematic whole com-
posed of parts, &c.. £c., we may now turn with a good con-
science to the great Spanish classic Don Quixote. If ever any
author qualified by living the life he was to write about, it was
Cervantes. Few Englishman have ever lived a life so full of
pure intellectual vigor. When rightly nnderstood his immortal
hero — the knight of the rueful countenance — Don Quixote — is
one of the most tragic figures in all literature — the tragedy of
the mind — a good man out of adjustment with his intellectual
environment. His squire Sancho Panza is the essence of comedy
— consummate ignorance, happy only in its own environment of
the common-place. Don Quixote is a hard book to many well
educated people. Some claim it is an acquired taste. I don't
ask anyone to say they like this great book in a priggish sort of
way because it is one of the signs of a cultivated mind to enjoy
it. But just see what Don Quixote stands for. It has been
stated that if all the novels which have been written since Cer-
vantes were lost we could reconstruct them from the beautiful
little short tales with which he studded his story. There is a
whole world of romance in this book then, which we may cull
out and enjoy. Again Don Quixote is the living record of one
of the most important epochs in the world's history. In no other
book do we realize as fully the wonderful period succeeding the
invention of the printing press, the discover)' of our hemisphere
the breakdown of the old feudal system and the birth of the
modern era as we know it — the Renascence.

If you cannot form a mental picture of that wonderful new world of
character and action for yourselves, I am afraid no words of mine will avail.
Perhaps you might gather a better insight into the full circle of life Cer-
vantes portrays by reading a couple of Scott's novels of this period — Kenil-
worth and Quentin Durward and 'then reading such a chapter as Sancho
Panza's Gove norship of Banataria. It is as the light of the moon to a
midday sun. Cervantes would pack a whole romance like Amy Kobsarte
into the corner of one chapter. All 1 can say is if you would wish to enter
into the full spirit of the Renascence, read Don Quixote.

It is a far cry from the Knight of the Rueful Countenance to dear Mr.
Pickwick and Sam Weller, but there can be no doubt Dicken's was influ-
enced by Cervantes when he wrote his greatest work. Dickens was only
twenty-two when he began Pickwick. His genius was at its apex - his
mind full of the robust vigor of early manhood, his fancy free as the air,
and free from that self-consciousness which somewhat marred his later
works. Of course it requires a keen sense of humor to detect the tragic
element in Mr. Pickwick's prosaic life, but no one can fail to see the comedy
in Sam Weller, though I doubt if many get the full measure of it. Pick-
wick has all the real elements of an epic. Those serio-tragic and comic
heroes Pickwick and his servant pass from one adventure to another in city
and country, in prison and in society, at the hustings and in the law courts.
The characters and events portrayed are the quintessence of English life at
a critical period in our history, the days immediately preceding the inven-
tion of the railway and the ocean steamer It has been said that Sam
Weller is compounded of a thousand Ixjndon grooms - the whole wit of
Cockney London is compressed into this inimitable character. Just think
what Pickwick means to us. It is the very foim and fashion of a departed
world period, just beyond our vision. The most brilliant historians' and
novelists can never bring this surpassingly interesting England of our
grandfathers in its full glory to our mind as Dickens has done. See how
we are blessed, that one of the world's greatest literary geniuses, in the
fullness of his powers has diawn in the most perfect manner, the life of the
early nineteenth century in most of its aspects. I say unhesitatingly that
anyone who would enjoy to the full George Elliot, Thackeray, Dickens
himself, Carlyle, and all the other gieat writers of the early Victorian
period must know their Pickwick by heart.

What can I say more ? Well my best wish is that some of your readers
may crack a joke with Mr. Weller and fall in love with that kindly old
bachelor Mr. Pickwick, wander along the Kentish lanes with him, and when
you come home remember to cook him a mutton chop — and don't forget
the tomato sauce. As for me, I am only a man. I have wandered many
a league with the Knight of La Maucha in the hope of catching but a sight
of his fair Dulcina, but all in vain. She has always fled at our approach.

Mr,

irage.

By Robert Gear MacDonald.

A SONG beneath the Northern Light,

While stars leaned down from heaven to hear,
You sang to me, and through the night

Your voice came thrilling, soft yet clear.
You ceased, and sighed, " Oh, go not yet,

The clustering Pleiads still are low,

The starlight glitters in the snow
Although the moon has set."

Outside the window as we gazed

The shifting fires played in the sky
At hide and seek ; and, sore'.y 'mazed,

Some light clouds drifted slowly by.
And in my wretched heart was strife,

I loved — I trampled on my love ;
The lights soon left the sky above,

The light all left my life.

And homeward 'neath a sodden sky —

Dull snow clouds quickly piling up —
I walked that night ; and to my eye

Those clouds were of God's wrath the cup.
I never sought your home again,

My sullen pride was reason-proof ;

I stifled love and kept aloof,
And mutely bore the pain.

That song beneath the Northern Light
I dream that I can hear once more; —

But never more to waking sight
Shall you be seen within that door.

Yet oh, my heart, what would I give,
Who listened to their envious prate,
Could 1 have known, ere 'twas too late,

You did not me deceive ?

In J^Lemoriam.

Jessie McWeily, Died February 12th, 1907.

By D. IV. I'rowse, LL.D.

" SHE was good, as she was fair —

None — none on earth above her !
As pure in thought as angel are,

To know her was to love her."

NEVER does the grave seem so terrible, or death so harsh, or
so cruel, as when it snatches away from our midst such a pure,
beautiful soul, such a pearl among women, as our dear departed
one. From her lovely girlhood up to her latest day, she was
always young. The most glorious gifts of woman, the divine
instinct of motherhood, the ever-abiding love, and desire to be
the consoler and comforter of all, were inherent in her nature.
Like a ray of sunshine, her presence brought joy and gladness to
all hearts. To know her was to love her. There are many
other women as beautiful, many others as charitable, kind-
hearted, bountiful, but there were none like her. There was
about our dear friend, an indefinable, inexpressible atmosphere
of sympathy and loving kindness, that brought her in closer
touch with humanity than any one else. With her, kindness,
unselfishness, the tenderest affection for all who were in
affliction and distress, were the spontaneous outpourings of
her spirit. The warmth of the most tender, affectionate
heart that ever beat in human bosom. I feel only too
keenly, how poor, how ineffectual are mere words to describe
one, who was the " King's daughter," as true a saint as ever
walked the earth. With her, religion and duty — duty in the
highest sense — not only to her family, but to all around her,
and specially to all who were in affliction, was her guide through
life — the light to her feet, the lamp to her path. I have not
dwelt on her mental gifts, her fine sense of humour, or her
remarkable talent in conversation. These are but the ornaments
around the picture. The real thing in humanity is character.
The greatest of all is goodness. Love and charity, the unselfish
regard for duty, shone through all her noble and beautiful life.
To the kind old father, the dear sisters, the bereaved husband
and the poor boys, who have lost the 'most devoted of mothers,
mine and every one's sympathy will be given in the largest
measure.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

l^latckless NLisery.

By W. J. Carroll. — Courtesy of " Forest and Stream" New \ork.

" 'Roses have thorns ; and silver fountains mud ;
Clouds and eclifises stain ooth moon and sun,
loathsome canker lives in sweetest hud. "

— Shakspeare.

His fondest dreams were realized ; he was free from every care ;
He was heart to heart with Nature, with spirits light as air.

The forest echoes thrilled him, while the rising waters sung.
His creel was getting weighty with the deadly fly he ftung.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Photos, by P. Doyle, St. John's, Newfoundland .

*But fit's sunshine soon was clouded ; living ceased to le a joke ;
! he had no matches, he couldn't get a smoke.

W. B. PAYN, J.P.,
Fenuty Minister of Marine and Fisheries.

ONE of the nnst caurteous and pDpular officials in the Civil
Service, is the recently appointed Deputy Minister of Marine
and Fisheries. Born in Jersey, Channel Islands, he cade out
to Burin, as assistant in his uncle's firm at the historic Jersey
Room, in 1866. After thirteen years spent in the business of
the country, he went home to Jersey, but the call of the Western.
Ocean was irresistible and he returned to Newfoundland in
1875. He then accepted a position as Accountant and Confi-
dential Clerk to the B"tt's Cove Mining Company, and re-
mained there till 1879, when he bought out the interest of his
uncle — J. L. Falle, Esq., — -in the Jersey Room at Burin. Here
he conducted a large fishery business for some years. In 1893
he was elected Liberal Member for Burin, and two years after,
upon the closing ofjhe doors of the Union and Commercial
Banks, he was appointed Registrar of Bank Notes, the duties of
which office he performed with credit to himself and to the
satisfaction of the community. In 1900 he was appointed
Statistical Clerk in His Majesty's Customs, and also Registrar
of the Roya^ Naval Reserve. Upon the death of the late
Mr. E. C. Watson, he was appointed Deputy Minister of Marine
and Fisheries, an office for which his long connection with
the business of the country eminently qualifies him. The
QUARTERLY wishes him length of years in his new position.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Copied by James Vey from a Drawing.

HERRING DRIFT-NETS SET.

Trie Yarmouth Herring Fishery, ana the Use of the Dnft-J^Iet.

ARMOUTH, on the East coast of England, is situ-
ated at the mouth of the River Yare, from which
it takes its name. The river, which is crossed by
by a bridge about two and a half miles from its
mouth, has an average width for that distance of
two hundred yards, and a quay or retaining wall
runs the whole length of the harbour on both
sides, at which vessels lie secure from wind and sea.

On the east side of the harbour, which is a low level penin-
sula, is carried on a very extensive business in the curing and
packing of herring, as the photo-engraving on page 16, which is
only a partial view of the curing yards, illustrates.

As many as one thousand steam and sailing drifters may be
seen here at one time, particularly during the^months of October
and November, when the fishermen come from all parts of the
United Kingdom to catch and cure herrings.

Curers hire plots from the corporation, and here they pack
the fish as shown in the cut.

The curing in the main is done by Scotch women, engaged at
from eight to ten shillings per week, with a bonus for every
barrel packed ; and it is not an uncommon occurrence for a
woman to earn as much as forty shillings per week during the
busy season. The utmost care is taken in assorting, packing,
and salting the fish.

Although the herring fishery of Yarmouth has been carried
on very many years and Yarmouth bloaters have always obtained
a ready sale, yet, it is only within the past fifteen years that the
Yarmouth and Lowestoft herring fishery has assumed its present
proportions. The remarkable increase in this fishery has been
brought about principally by Scotch curers coming in the her-
ring season, curing the fish by salting them in barrels and ex-
porting them to the Continental markets. At first only a few
curers came, but within the past ten years their number has in-
creased annually, and with them came expansion of the industry
and better prices for the article.

To illustrate the growth of this industry it may be stated that
fifteen years ago there were very few pickled herring exported,
but during the past year— 1906 the catch at Yarmouth and

Lowestoft was between six and seven hundred thousand barrels,
These fish were sold green, realizing to the fishermen an average
price of thirty shillings per cran, and totalling four and a half
million dollars.

All the herring brought into Yarmouth are caught by steam
and sailing drifters, but it is only within the last five or six years
that the former have engaged in the business. A much larger
number of sailing drifters than steamers are still engaged, and
are found to be less expensive, and to give excellent returns,
both to the owners and the crews, but, no doubt as time goes on
they will give place to steam. drifters.

It may be stated that the sand-bars off Lowestoft and Yar-
mouth make the approach to these places difficult for sailing
vessels in moderate weather, and in addition the steamer has
the advantage especially when they have to go long distances to
find the schools of fish, often seventy to eighty miles from port
out into the North Sea.

The nets are put out in the evening and are taken in next
morning at daylight.

The diagram shows a steamer owned by the Smith Dock
Trust Company, Limited, with nets set.

The, rope over the bow is known as the " bush " rope, and
extends the whole length of the fleet of nets, (about eighty in
all). Each net, about eighteen fathoms long and six fathoms
deep is fastened on to the bush rope by the small rope shown
in the diagram. The rope from the net to the keg or buoy is
two and a half fathoms' long, which permits the nets to sink
below the surface until brought up by the buoy. Each drifter,
both steam and sailing is fitted with a steam capstan, so that
one man hauls in the rope with the nets attached, while the rest
of the crew haul the nets over the rail on a roller and shake
the herring into the hold as they are hauled across th«
hatchway.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

THE NETS OPPOSITE ARE FASTENED TO THE " BUSH" ROPE FROM THE STEAMER.

HON. ELI DAVVE,
Minister Marine and Fisheries.

E publish in this number an illustrated article on
the Yarmouth Herring Fishery, that will be of
interest to all our readers. A perusal will show
that the value of the Yarmouth and Lowestoft
fisheries reached the grand total in 1906 of
four and a half million dollars. While their
combined catch reached 600,000 barrels, our
local catch at Bay of Islands amounted to 1 16,236 barrels.
Allowing that our fishermen obtained $2.00 per barrel, the
value of our herring fishery to us was $222,472. These herring
sold in the American market for about $6 perbrl., and fetched
about $697,416, leaving about $474,944 profit to American
investors in Newfoundland herring. The vessels prosecuting
the fishery were sixty-five American and forty-one British.
A glance at those figures will show where the profits of this
fishery have gone, and will further show why we should make
every effort to secure these profits for our own people. The
Government has tackled the problem seriously, and are
making every effort for its solution, so that the balance of
profit will come our way. The first step was the securing of a
herring fishery expert in the person of Mi. Mair; the second
was the despatch of the Minister of Marine and Fisheries —
the Hon. Eli Dawe — to Yarmouth last season to see for
himself how that fishery was prosecuted. Captain Dawe is a
practical and successful fisherman; he has been connected
with the business of the country all his life, so that no more
fitting person in the Island could have been despatched on
that mission. The result of Captain Dawe's inquiries will be
seen in the coming season. The Government have measures
in hand that will probably result in the diversion of the profits
of this industry to our own people. When the Premier per-
sonally states the case of the Colony at the Colonial Office,
and is backed unanimously by all the Colonial Premiers, a
settlement of the Modus Vivendi on the lines laid down by
our Legislature will be speedily effected. Then when our
people can compete with our American rivals, in our own
waters, at our own fishery, it will be our blame if we cannot
prosecute it successfully. Anyhow the Government is making
a serious effort to secure the benefit of this fishery for our-
selves, and they could not get a better man to make the
needed reforms than the present Minister of Marine and
Fisheries.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

S
I

.°

D
U

5
u

a,
O

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Jackman's

The distinctive qualities
of the cloth and the cut
are original in. every respect.

follows him that purchase
and congratulations are
close behind

Order Your Suit By Mail.

JACKMAN The Tailor,

: Arcade Buildings,

ST- JOHN'S.

ivT.F. MURPHY,

West End Hair Dresser*

Hair Cutting, Shaving, and Refreshing Sea Foam.

Water Street West.

Opposite Angel Engineering & Supply Go's Store. ,

Dividends Guaranteed

The CANADA LIFE

is issuing a Special Form of Policy with Guaranteed
Annual Dividends. The amount of the Dividends,
which may be taken in Cash or by way of Bonus Addi-
tions, are absolutely guaranteed, and the exact figures
are given in the Policy.

For simplicity and clearness of statement this Policy
is unequalled. Ask for particulars.

C. A. C. BRUCE, Manager, St. John's.

MISS MAY flRLONG'S

Easter Show.

The VERY LATEST in Spring and

Summer Goods from London and Paris.
282 Water Street. - - opp. Bowring Brothers.

Parlor, Dining and
Office Furniture.

Venetian Blinds
Made to Order.

Church Seats.

T. MARTIN,^

Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer,

38 New Cower Street.

Repairing Furniture Horses and Vans for

a Specialty. Removing Pianos, &c.

Drug in the Market.'

Yes, there are many of them.
Some very good, some bad.

Bad drugs are poisonous,
Also of no value whatever.

Pure drugs are great helps,
And these alone should be

Used in compounding.
We claim to keep in stock

The purest drugs made.
To compound them .skillfully,

To prepare prescriptions quickly,
To charge for them reasonably.

Who can do better than this?

PETER O'MARA, Druggist.

Water Street West, near Railway Station,
St. John's, Newfoundland.

SHE WAS AN ANGEL.

A BACHELOR was recently travelling in a tramcar with a newly-married
couple of his acquaintance. It was a rainy morning.

The young wife had her umbrella well out of the way of those who
passed up and down the car, but an awkward boy, on his way to the door,
managed to fall over it, and break it.

'• Oh, I'm sorry !" stammered the unfortunate, with a scarlet face.

" Never mind. I'm sure it wasn't your fault." the lady smiled up at him
without a trace of anger or even irritation on her face. " Well, I must say
your wife is an angel !" exclaimed the bachelor warmly. " Most women
would have withered that clumsy fellow with a look, if they had not scorch-
ed him with words."

"She is an angel," said the married man, as he picked up the pieces of
the umbrella and smiled quizzically at his wife, "but — she's wanted* new
umbrella for a month, and now she Knows I'll have to get it for her."

"The Newfoundland Quarterly"

AN ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE. •

The Best Advertising medium in the country.

Subscription, 40 cts. per year for Newfoundland and Canada. Foreign
subscription, except Canada, 50 cts. Job Printing neatly executed.

JOHN J. EVANS, Printer & Proprietor, 34 Prescott Street, St. John's, Nfld.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

PROCLAMATION

By His Excellency Sir WILLIAM MACGREGOR,

Doctor of Medicine, Knight Commander of

the Most Distinguished Order of Saint

WM. MACGREGOR Michael and Saint George, Companion of

Governor. the Most Honourable Order of the Bath,

[L.S.] Governor and Commander-in-Chief, in and

over the Island of Newfoundland and its

Dependencies.

\X/HEREAS an Act was passed in the Sixth year of the
Reign of His present Majesty, entitled " An Act respect-
ing the Immigration of Chinese Persons."

And whereas it was provided under section twenty of the said
Act, that " This Act shall come into operation upon a day to be
" appointed for that purpose by Proclamation of His Excellency
" the Governor to the effect that the same has been approved
"and confirmed by His Majesty in Council."

And whereas, I, the said Governor, have been certified as to
His Majesty's pleasure in respect of the said Act, to the effect
that the same has been approved and confirmed by His
Majesty in Council.

And whereas it is expedient to notify by Proclamation a da)
upon which the said Act shall come into operation.

And whereas the said Act was on the i2th June, A. D. 1906,
published in the Royal Gazette of the Colony.

Now therefore, I, the Governor, do issue this my Proclamation
giving notice to all His Majesty's liege subjects, and to all
whom the said Act may concern that His Majesty has expressed
his approval of the said Act and has confirmed the same, and I
do further, by this my Proclamation, give notice to all whom
it may concern that on and after the Eight day of August in-
stant, the said Act shall come into operation.

Given under my Hand and Seal, at the Government
House. St. John's, this 6th day of August, A.D., 1906.
By His Excellency's Command,

R. BOND,

Colonial Secretary.

JOHN KEAN,

14 Adelaide Street.

• Manufacturer
of all kinds of »

Boots and Shoes

All kinds of Rubbers neatly repaired*

Your Spring Order

Demands attention now.
We have on hand a large

Stock of Groceries & Provisions

TEAS have advanced, but we can fill
your order at the old prices, in 5 lb., lolb.
and 20 lb. Boxes, and 50 lb. Chests, from
2octs. lb. upwards. Also, China Tea
in 20 lb. Boxes.

IRISH HAMS and BACON.

Tinned Fruits, Syrups, etc.

it@-Price List on application.
J. D. RYSN, 281 Water Street.

AT E J, MALONPS

Tailoring Establishment

We are now showing our Spring and Summer stock of

Suitings, Trouserings, Fancy Vestings.

Tweeds, Worsteds, Serges, Cheviots, Beavers, Meltons and Vicunas.
We invite inspection, jt We Study to Please.

E. J. MALONE, 268 Water Street.

J.V.O'DES&Co

WHOLESALE.

flour, Provisions and feed.

ST. JOHN'S.

The Old-Established and Well-Known Wheelwright Factory of

S.G. COLLIER,

WALDEGRAVE STREET,

LJ AS every facility for the manufacture and repair of Carriages, Sleighs,
' Carts, and Vehicles of every description. A power plant of the
Finest Type of Modern Machinery gives us unequalled facilities for turning
out the best work. Vehicles of every description repaired on time ; no
delays. Rubber Tyres adjusted at a moment's notice.

^UNDERTAKING A SPECIALTY,

JAMES VEY,

Gazette Building1,

Water Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

J* Jfi

Photos Enlarged and Finished in Ink, Framed Oil Por-
traits 88.00; English, German, American and Canadian
Mouldings always in Stock; Frames and Cornices made
to order; a large assortment of Views of Newfoundland
Scenery.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

The "Allan G

[TRAVELLERS south of the Equator know when 'tis past midnight by the
appearance of the " Southern Cross" in the sky ; we know SPRING is HERE
when we see the well-known " stack" entering the Narrows on her first
Voyage for the season, and hear the welcome boom of the ship's rockets,
called by everyone " The Allan Gun."]

THERE'S a sound that breaks on the hills at morn

When spring is in the air;
'Tis the blackbird's voice, 'tis the snipe's soft trill,

'Tis the sparrow's nesting there !
'Tis the echo of the island rock

Now the ice wrack's o'er and done : —
To the waiting heart it is more than these —

'Tis the sound of the " ALLAN GUN" I

'Tis a well-worn link — it has bound our hearts

To the land we still call " HOME";
That land where the pulse of earth throbs fast

In the cities across the foam ;
And many a dream has shatter'd lain,

And many a hope undone —
To some 'tis sadness, others joy —

The boom of the " ALLAN GUN" !

Who's stood on the shore in the crimson eve

When the spring had touch'd the wold ?
Who's waited and watch'd the " flag on the Hill"

Till the purple had turn'd to gold ?
Who's mark'd the speck on the misty main

Till the -'wet sma' hours" had run ? —
Till the city thrill'd in the April morn

To the sound of the " ALLAN GUN" !

un.

Who's peer'd from the deck in the gloom of stars

When land was deem'd in sight ?
With a pulsing heart and quivering breath

As the " Hills" loom'd in the light !
Who's seen the " Cameo in its frame"*

Flare out in the crimson sun ? —
The haven gain'd and the tension past

At the thrill of the " ALLAN GUN" I

Who's stood on the pier of the Mammoth Docks

A mite, 'mid that mighty throng?
Who's seen the throes of the bitter grief,

Pent up in a farewell song, t
There's grief, there's joy — ambition's dreams —

" God speed" twixt sire and son —
Ah ! welcomes and farewells are facts

When booms the " ALLAN GUN" !

Like "carrier" bird on the flowing tide

So strong, so swift of wing !
And lo ! she comes, thro' the " DEAR OLD HILLS"

A picture of the spring ?
'Tis a link well forg'd in the chain of years —

'Tis a record of work well done —
There's a bond of trust in the waves that waft

The sound of the " ALLAN GUN"!

* " Like a Cameo marvellously set." The writer has heard the like ex-
pression many a time as our town broke on the vision from the sea on a
fine day.

t Auld Lang Syne."

— E. C.

The American Fishery Question in J\.ewfounalana.

By Judge Prowse, LL.D.

WE really want to understand this subject, we must
begin by following old Dr. Johnson's advice "to
clear our minds of cant"; we must get rid, once
and for all of the absurd notion, that this is a
great international question, in which the honour
of two great nations are involved, and that our
strict interpretation of the Convention of Ghent
would positively endanger the friendly relations, now happily
existing between England, and America.

There never was a more absurd delusion. It is simply, and
solely a dispute between Newfoundland, and the Gloucester Fish
Ring. Every intelligent American is on our side. They want
cheap fish, and they know well, that it is this selfish monoply
that alone makes fish so abnormally dear in the United States.
Americans are learning every year, more, and more to hate Mono-
polies, Trusts, and Rings. They thoroughly understand that
Cabot Lodge, and his son-in-law, Senator Gardiner, are simpjy
the agents and tools of the Gloucester Fish Ring. All their
tricks and rogueries are well known. How they rob the Ameri-
can revenue by passing in the herrings caught by Newfound-
landers, -and paid for in American gold as " the sole product of
American industry." How the fishermen are plundered by the
Rings, selling the refuse herring for bait at $400 to $500 for a
first baiting. Intelligent public opinion in America knows, all
all this, but we must always remember one thing. Above all,
the Yankees love a smart trick. •

A European Diplomatist would no more write such despatches
as the Hon. Elihu Root's on the Modus Vivendi, than he would
eat peas with his knife. It is the very impudence of the claim
that pleases his countrymen. To see him score off the high, and
mighty British Foreign Office, is to them the finest joke in the
world.

Every civilized country in the universe exercises sovereign
rights within its own domain. It has complete authority to use
every reasonable precaution to prevent its revenue being robbed
by smugglers. It is a universal rule that all vessels arriving in
a foreign port, shall enter, and clear at the Custom House, and
pay for the use of sea-lights. Yet Mr. Root impudently claims
that Americans are not bound to obey this universal rule in
Newfoundland. The very same principle applies to a common
fishery exercised in any foreign Country under Treaty rights —
The Sovereign power alone can exercise coercive jurisdiction
within its own territory. It is the only power that can control
such a fishery and regulate its exercise for the common benefit.

I quite admit, that these regulations must be fair, and reason-
able, and must not in any way discriminate against either party—
Our laws in this respect are faultless. Their sole object is to
prevent the injury, ant) destruction of the fishery. As the
sovereign power, under whose dominion the Treaty operates,
we have absolute authority to enforce these regulations. I have
only laid down well known principles, the very A, B, C, of Inter-
national Law, and every jurist of reputation would ridicule the
Hon. Elihu Root's contentions that in Newfoundland Americans
are licensed profligates, who may do just as they please. His
views about the operation of our laws are in direct conflict with
his predecessor, the eminent statesman Marcy, who directed
that all American fishermen should conduct themselves propeily
in the British-American Colonies, and carefully observe all local
laws, and regulations. What the American Secretary of State
now claims for his countrymen, in plain language, is that on our
Treaty Shore they they shall be Lords paramount and supreme,
that no local laws shall bind, and no regulations have any con-
trol over them. That wherever they come, all order, and law
shall be swept away. Let us imagine for a moment a proposal
of this kind being made, for instance, to such a power as Ger-

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

many by America, and the scorn with which it would be received.

Newfoundland has found by experience that the purse seine
in the herring fishery is as destructive to this industry as dyna-
mite, so it has wisely prohibited its use in our waters.

The evidence on the subject is absolutely conclusive. Read
Senator Gardiner's letter and you will see clearly that he had
very grave doubts about their being allowed in Newfoundland.
It is one of the gravest charges against the Imperial Govern-
ment that altho' they must have known well that the Americans
had grave doubts about their use being allowed they rode rough
shod over our local Self-Govarnment and declared that Ameri-
cans might use purse seines in defiance of Newfoundland laws.

That they were ashamed of their decision is plain from the
context and the recommendation that they were not to be used
sv as to injure the ordinary net fishermen.

Under the Treaty of 1818 the Americans have only the right
to buy wood, to obtain water, to seek shelter from storms, and
to put into port for repairs. The Convention distinctly says and
"for no other purpose whatsoever." It is plain that the Ameri-
cans have no right to buy bait, or to trade, or to ship natives.

Our case against the Home Government is that they went out
of their way to give Americans new rights, viz., the liberty to
ship men, and in doing so they virtually made a new treaty
over our heads and in spite of our protests.

Although I am a Newfoundlander, and as my opponents say
much too patriotic and extreme in views about our local rights,
I am also an ardent Imperialist. I thoroughly believe in a United
Empire and I c.in quite understand that under certain circum-
stances the claims of a Colony might have to give way before
the higher interests of the Empire. I was always aware that on
the French Shore Question England's good relations with Erance
were worth fifty Newfoundlands.

This American Fishery Question, however, involves no such
high and serious considerations. Newfoundland is not contend-
ing with the United States or the American nation. Coming
down to hard pan, our fight is with Gloucester, and with
Gloucester it has to be settled. The introduction of Washington
in the matter is a pure matter of form. Whilst Gloucester is
disatisfied, the Senate will pass no treaty.

This may seem a mystery to some of my readers, but its
explanation is simple. The Protectionists ring in the Senate and
House of Representatives all hold together " stand patters " in
American slang. The fish monoply is the most contemptible
the reductio ad absurdem of protection run mad, but it is a com-
ponenent pad of the Ring and all stand together.

What makes the position of affairs still more outrageous is the
well known fact that the deep sea fishery is no longer an American
industry. It is also a decaying business, every year getting worse
and worse. We have only to glance at a few figures compiled
from the Boston Fish Bureau's statistics to realize this decline.

Catch of cod on the Grand and Western Banks: —

1880 300,990 quintals.

1881 355,640 "

1882 474,078

1883 578-73S

1905 140,040

1906 142,465 "

My readers can see the woeful falling off. The fishery has
long ceased to employ Americans. Rudyard Kipling in his
" Captains Courageous " made the crew of his banker out of
such an extraordinary medly of foreigners that the critics fell
foul of him and questioned his accuracy. He was found most
crtically correct. Owing to the scarcity of bait through our Bait
Act, American owners find it harder, and harder to get either
Nova Scotians or Cape Breton men to join.

The Gloucester ring rob the fishermen so brazenly by their
charges that the Blue Noses find it pays better to fish in their
own vessels.

Gloucester makes a brave shout, plays a fine game of bluff,
but she is hard hit and will have to climb down.

If we look into this question more carefully we will begin to
understand the real position of affairs. There is no country in
the world where fish is so dear as in the United States. In
Europe fish is the food of the poor, without this cheap and
valuable provision the millions would starve. Take for example

such a common article of diet as the herring. In the British
Isles its universal price is a penny or two cents, three for 2*4d.
or five cents. In the United States a single herring is never
less than five cents — often more. Cod, haddock, &c., fetch
a'bout 4d. a pound or eight cents in England ; the retail price,
both of this common fish and mackerel, are double their price
in America. The one and only product of the sea, that is abun-
dant and reasonable in price, is the oyster. This is a native
production, and it represents by far the largest item in the sea
fisheries of America. When we compare such a country as
England with the United States in respect to its fisheries we
shall discover how short is the American supply. The Republic
at the present time contains, roughly speaking, double the popu-
lation of England and Wales. In England alone there are
landed every year fifty million dollars worth of fish. She exports
ten millions, and imports another ten millions.

In the same proportion America should have one hundred
million dollars worth of sea fish ; but her whole catch, including
oysters, is really under thirty million dollars worth.

The country is really starving for such a valuable, cheap, and
wholesome food as sea fish although ihe monstrous Protectionist
policy that puts a heavy tax on food in order to give a monopoly
to the Gloucester Ring to profit a few fish dealers and the
motly group of foreigners — Norwegians, Danes, Portuguese,
Dutch, Canadians and Newfoundlanders who pose as American
fishermen.

Just as Pensylvania is the great coal region of America, so
Providence has made the seas around Newfoundland the great
supply of cod and other sea fishes. Statistics show us how
regular is this bounteous of harvest of the sea, how practically
inexhausible. Nature has given us the fish, and our natural
market is to feed the teeming millions in America, to furnish
food the best and most wholesome in the universal world for the
toilers in factories and the millions of workers in the Great
Republic.

Some day, we hope soon, American public opinion will wake
up. and realize how they are being plundered by what the
"Nation" of New York aptly designates as "Lodge's Smugglers,"
how the toiling millio-ns are starved and compelled to eat dear
fish simply to enrich the selfish Gloucester and to support
a medly of foreigners who pose as American fishermen.

One more remark. Note the contrast between the statesman-
like liberal speeches of the Hon. Elihu Root when enjoying the
hospitality of Canada. Then he was all for good will and the
settlement of all questions between the Colonies and America.
Compare this with his trunculent despatches on the Modus
Vivendi where he acts simply as the mouth-piece of Gloucester.
Actions speak louder than words.

Of one thing we may be certain — the Modus Vivendi will not
be renewed. The indignation of all the self-governing Colonies
about the harsh treatment of Newfoundland has given the
Imperial Government a fright.

The correspondence now partially published between England
and America, and Newfoundland, shows some very remarkable
features. Up to a certain point, the Foreign Secretary — Sir
Edward Grey — argues our case in a very firm statesmanlike
way. He points out that the privilege given by the Treaty is to
inhabitants of tht United States and not to American vessels.
How he could afterwards transmogrify the Bay of Islands fish-
ermen into such Yankee residents beats all my comprehension.
The points I wish my readers to notice is the remarkable change
of tone that occurs in these letters. There is a sudden break
down, and the Americans are allowed to get everything they
ask for. The liberty to use purse seines and to ship men out-
side the three-mile limit, and in no case are they to be penalized
for any infractions of our laws. Just about the time this sudden
volte face happened, Sir Mortimer Durand, the very capable
British Ambassador at Washington, resigned. He had declared,
that he considered himself as much the representative of the
British North American Colonies, as of Britain, and that he
would stand up for their rights. I have always suspected, that
knowing well the character of Cabot Lodge and the Fish Ring,
he refused to be a party to this ignominious surrender to
Gloucester, and dropped out of the negotiations.

March 4, 1907. D. W. PROWSE.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Littleaale s Proscenium ana Drofi- Curtain.

Z>y an 1

S there a doubt that Littledale girls, at home and
abroad, have read with pleasure and pardonable
pride the many fine descriptions of their " Alma
Mater" and surroundings, which have appeared
in print from time to time, and which have been
so deftly penned by some of the pupils of to-day ?
Yet it seems exceedingly strange, that (although
many of the chief objects of interest have been ably treated of)
one of the most striking features of the interior has been over-
looked in the Academy's very fine stage-screen.

This screen, which covers one entire end of the large Study
Hall, consists of a Proscenium and drop-curtain, with wings
painted in Sepia monochrome, and ornamented with pillars of
the Corinthian order of architecture, and statues of classical de-
sign. The whole is a skilful production from the brush of our
talented countryman Mr. D. Carroll, and is a master-piece of
its kind.

On each side of the drop-curtain can be seen two pillars stand-
ing upon a pedestal, and supporting a rich entablature, forming
part of a Corinthian Peri-Style. Within the porticos are orna-
mented niches, in which are placed the statues, beneath a semi-
circular floral festoon with bunches of grapes and other fruits on
either end. " Psyche" on the right, is a mythological maiden sup-
posed to be the "goddess of the soul," and the patroness of wit
and knowledge. On her left shoulder alights a butterfly, the em-
blem of Immortality and therefore a meet symbol for the muse
of the soul. On the left is seen "Thalia," who in Greek My-
thology is represented as the muse of all that is gay and joyful ;
in banquet, song and music she is held as patroness, and in
Roman Art is often shown wearing a comic mask and a shep-
herd's crook, sts she is supposed to have favoured rural pursuits
as well. Here she holds the lyre, the symbol of lyric poetry in
the left hand, and in the right the mask or player's larva.

The outer portion of the screen proper consists of a richly-
shaded crimson curtain, artisticly draped with cords and tassels,
• while the scenery (the centre view) is surrounded by a fancy
border in mingled shades.

This centre view is a representation of the city and harbor of
St. John's in the year 1858 and is an enlarged model from a
drawing by Mr. F. R. Page. The large steamship in the
centre of* the harbor is the United States Ship Niagara, the
largest in the world at that time, which had just returned from
Bay Bull's Arm in Trinity Bay, where she had laid the shore-
end of the Atlantic Cable. Besides the small paddle steamer
Gorgon and the brig of War Atlanta, there is a remarkably large
amount of shipping in the harbor, the principal among them
being the Spanish ships, which are easily distinguished by their
white hulls, and the Spanish flag of yellow and red horizontal
stripes at the peak of each vessel. At that time Newfoundland
carried on an extensive trade with Spain ; consequently it may
be credited that there have been upwards of sixty to seventy of
these vessels here at one time, they have been known to secure
from 160,000 (one hundred and sixty thousand) to i7o,ooo(one
hundred and seventy thousand) quintals of fish in one season.
Owing to a change in the tariff they rarely come here now.

In the foreground to the right are plainly seen the rough,
scraggy rocks of Signal Hill, with the Queen's Battery beneath.
In the middle distance we get an excellent view of the chief
points of interest in the city. The houses rise from the water's
edge, tier upon tier, like a vast amphitheatre and stretch back
almost as far as the eye can reach.

As we proceed from the Queen's battery upwards in a North-

Westerly direction, and after passing Fort William, the first
building of real importance that we meet is that splendid struc-
ture known as " Government House " surrounded by its rich
grove of trees, and next the Colonial Building with its pictur-
esque Ionic Portico. The magnificent Catholic Cathedral
which from any point of view towers majestically over the city,
is not here excepted, but with its surrounding group of fine
ecclesiastical buildings; Convents, College and Palace is seen to
great advantage, while down the Hill, we meet the Congre-
gational Churches, and the Free Kirk with its graceful spire.

North of the Cathedral to the left are the Fort and officers'
quarters familiarly known as Fort Townshend, dismantled some
twelve years later. Up towards Riverhead can be seen the old
Chapel and Palace. Beyond this the picture fades off into an
indescribable mass of houses, stores, etc., stretching off towards
the Long Bridge.

On the left " the dear old South Side Hill " is clearly outlined
together with its group of stores and neat dwellings that nestle
trustfully beneath its protecting shades.

In the distant view can be seen the romantic " Nagle's Hill,"
clothed in its verdant garb of summer, and stretching far off in
the horizon a complete picture, that I venture to say, for
realistic effect, cannot be rivalled on this side of the Atlantic.

The artist has introduced beneath the curtain an illuminated
border which contains our " Coat of Arms" the subject of which
was designed by His Grace Archbishop Howley, and unanim-
ously adopted by the Municipal Council of our town recently.
It consists of an escutcheon bearing a lamb argent, holding a
banner of St. George's Cross. The three scallops which are
shown, one on either side of the lamb, and one beneath, are in-
troduced because they are the emblem of St. John, Baptist, the
city's Patron ; also because shells or scallops were formerly used
in the administration of the Sacrament of Baptism. The lamb
is chosen in order to illustrate these words " Ecce Agnus Dei,"
addressed by St. John to his Divine Master, and selected from his
Gospel first chapter, twenty ninth verse. A picture of the
entrance to the Narrows is given above the emblems, which has
the " Signal Hill " to the left with a view of the " Cabot Tower,"
and to the right the " sun-browned side'' of the South Side Hill.
The old caravel of John Cabot is seen sailing into the Narrows
while beneath is the following inscription " Ye Mathew 24 June.
MCCCCXCVII."
********

Most of the girls who were dwelling within the walls of Little-
dale when the new screen was placed there are scattered far
and near around our " Island home " to-day : they may perhaps
come across the above imperfect and vague description of the
said screen, but when they call to mind how pleased and sur-
prised we all were on our return to school in January 1904, to
note such a noble possession amongst cur treasures, how grate-
ful we felt towards our Archbishop for such a rare present, and
how we studied and admired its beautiful effect and coloring,
they will, I trust, " for old time's sake " overlook all defects,
and read in a lenient rather than in a critical manner. — R.G.H.

"THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY'

— AN ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE —

Issued every third month about the I5th of March, June, September and

December from the office
34 Prescott Street, St. John's, Newfoundland.

JOHN J. EVANS, -:- -:- -:- PRINTER AND PROPRIETOR,

To whom all Communications should be addressed.

Subscription Rates :

Single Copies, each i° cents .

One Year, in advance, Newfoundland and Canada 40 '

Foreign Subscriptions (except Canada) 5° '

Advertising Rates

$30.00 per page; one-third o.f a page, Jio.oo; one-sixth of a page, $5.00 ;
one-twelfth of a page, $2.50 — for each insertion.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

WINTER SPORTS IN ST. JOHN'S.

<By W. J. Higgins.

"... Some place far abroad
Whare sailors gang to fish for cod."

HEN the immortal Burns penned the above lines, he
little thought that the far away island to which he
referred would ever attain to the state of being
able to boast of its Winter Sports. In the days
of our poet friend it was considered only in the
liaht of a short-summer residence, and our fishing

admirals of earlier date must occasionally turn in
their graves at the activity which old Terra Nova presents whilst
covered with the snowy blanket. How the few venturesome
settlers, who remained on the Island after the departure of their
brethren at the close of the fishing season, occupied their time
during the winter months and until the return of the fleet the
following spring, Is not chronicled in the invaluable history of
Dr. Prowse. It may be that skating and toboggan parties
reigned high, and that contests fierce and strenuous for the
Hockey Championship of the rock-bound Isle annually took
place between the Red Man and his pale-faced brother.

Be that as it may; there is no doubt that, isolated and all as
we are, and rough and uncertain as our winter is, the incoming
of the colder months means now the inauguration of a season of
sports which are just as fully enjoyed and as generally partici-
pated in as the recreations of the warmer period. It is true
that the celebrated carnival of the turnout of the " Mummers"
at Christmas, and the series of amusements following their ap-
pearance, are now but fireside stories to those of us of the later
generation ; but, on the other hand, \ve have our new features
which probably more than offset this loss.

Without question the oldest and withal the greatest favourite
of our winter sports is Skating. The days of the "trunks and
squeezing sticks" have long since passed, the ever-increasing
march of progress effecting the customary revolution, and the
boy who does not now sport a pair of the latest type of the
" Hockey" make is obliged to run the gauntlet of much wonder-
ing looks from his companions. Unfortunately Dame Nature
has not varied to the same extent as the art of steel-working,
and our out-door skating seems doomed to forever remain a
luxury not to be depended on, for no sooner do our ponds reach
the stage of being available for the rush of the gliding throng
than a fall of the white flakes shuts off the pleasure for an in-
definite period. It is on this account that our rinks are so
popular and so largely frequented, and indeed in a great
measure their proprietors might be regarded somewhat in the
light of public benefactors by reason of the opportunity they
afford so many of enjoying healthy exercise.

Curling is a sport which has been with us some time, and
though the numbers of the participants in the " roarin game"
have never been very great, their enthusiasm and skill have
been none the less on that account. The trip made by a con-
tingent from their ranks to Canada the past season to take part
in the big bonspiel there, and the fine showing made by the
team despite many handicaps, must result in a great impetus to
the game in this city. The formation of the Ladies' Club and
the interest manifested in it should also tend to considerably
augment the number of enthusiasts in this branch of our winter
amusements.

For some unexplainable reason, the followers of the snow-shoe"
and toboggan have never been very much in evidence in this
city, though there seems no valid reason why the latter sport at
any rate should not be a prominent one here. Our nearby
slopes are all that could be desired for this pastime, but we fear
that a regular " slide" will have to be constructed before the
sport attains anything like the popularity it now enjoys in Cana-
dian cities. Of course we have the small boy, who is always
with us, and who avails of the first fall of snow to careen madly
over the hills of the town, upsetting the stout but good-natured
lady, who appears to regard her downfall as a necessary part of
the daily routine at this season.

It is our latest form of sport which, perhaps, has become
more popular than all the others. The introduction into this
city of the Canadian game of ice hockey has given us an amuse-
ment which, with both players and spectators alike, is destined
to become as firmly established as is our football in summer.
And deservedly so, for it would be difficult to imagine a game
which requires such a combination of speed, endurance, and
skill as does this latest addition to our winter sports. Whilst a
most fascinating and enjoyable recreation for the player, it is
pre-eminently the ?ame for the spectator, as no matter how un-
evenly matched the opposing teams may be there is always a
delightful uncertainty as to when an unlooked-for " lift " or an
unexpected dash up the " wing" may result in the rising of the
fatal flag. That the game has already established itself in the
hearts of the crowd was shown by the very large attendances at
the recent games between the City representatives and the
septette from Charlottetown, P. E. I., when, despite an almost
onesided marking on the first night, two larger audiences filled
the rink at the succeeding games. Unfortunately the local team
was considerably handicapped by playing practically all out of
regular positions, owing to unforseen circumstances compelling
changing about which was most damaging to the strength of
the team. All things considered, however, the home collection
under the circumstances, could hardly be blamed for going
under as they did. The big scoring against them on the first
night was due more to it being the first contest with
an outside club for the major part of the team than any-
thing else; whilst the third night was simply a collapse in
the second half, due in no small measure to the crippling of
the left wing. With a couple of exceptions, the visitors were
not a particularly strong combination, but, like previous Pro-
vincial teams, they very effectively demonstrated the value of
team-work as against individual play. It is to be regretted that
the distance from Canadian towns and the consequent expense
and uncertainty in getting a team down prevent more frequent
inter-colonial brushes, as they form an excellent index as to the
progress the game is making here and afford a most welcome
change in our winter routine. The formation of the inter-col-
legiate league has also been the means of developing much ex-
cellent material, and the games between these three institutions
are now eagerly looked forward to.

On the whole, we have no reason to feel that we do not reap
our share of enjoyment during the colder months, notwithstand-
ing the varying weather conditions.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

The Aborigines of Newfoundland.

a Newfoundlander who Ttnew Jtfary

PROPOS of Mr. ]. P. Howley's instructive lecture
on the Boethucks, recently delivered in Saint
Patrick's Hall, and the interest in the subject
aroused thereby, the following letter and remi-
niscences from a venerable and esteemed corre-
spondent in South Yarra, Australia, will be read
with interest. Mr. J. B. Hutton was born in Newfoundland 93
years ago, and judging by his letter and hand-writing our vener-
able correspondent is still hale and hearty. Mr. Hutton's ac-
count of Mary March the last of the Boethucks is interesting, as
perhaps there is not another living person who knew her and
and the people with whom she lived, as intimately as Mr. Hutton.
We consider his reminiscences of old St. John's so valuable that
we have written him for further particulars, and we hope in a
later number of the QUARTERLY, to publish them.

In the meantime we pray that our old friend will be spared to
pass the century mark, and to write the QUARTERLY many inter-
esting letters in the future.

" MOOLARA," SOUTH YARRA, Melbourne.

January 2ist, 1907,

I)EAR MR, EVANS, — Thanks for the QUARTERLY. They all
have come duly to hand. I fancy the two years must now be
about up, so am sending you a post card for js. for another
period. I have just been reading a book. " The Tenth Island,"
by Beckles Wilson, published in 1897. What he writes about
since the year 1849 may be all correct, but I take exception to
what is said in pages 4 and 5. In the first place I remember all
about that Missionary, bible in hand, going a short distance
inland, without seeing a single Native, and reporting them all
slaughtered by the White Man; had he gone further North, the
chances are he would never have got back alive, for there were
hundreds, more likely thousands, of the Natives alive at time, but
further North. The fact is the MicMac tribe, with fire-arms,
used to cross over to the French Shore from the Labrador
coast, made war with the Natives, shooting them down without
m«>rcy year after year for the sake of thejurs they dealt in with
the white man, keeping it a great secret as to where they got
the furs. In the year 1849, however, one of the MicMac in
Nova Scotia was heard saying, "That the Newfoundland Natives
were all gone, or nearly so." This news reached St. John's a
few months before we (i.e. John Garland and myself) were pre-
paring to leave the Island, so we made up our minds to have
some deer shooting before leaving, and besides, to see if the
MicMac s report was true, (and found it quite true). To shorten
my yarn, — We went round to one of the deep Bays, took a man
from the vessel to help carry things, and in course of time found
ourselves on a very large lake — beautiful country all about.

Now comes the interesting part of our trip: — When we had
gone five or six miles up the lake we saw a spec on the water.
On nearing found it to be a canoe and three Indians in it. On
further nearing they seemed to be afraid of us, and sheered off,
and stopped about 150 feet abreast of us. After staring at each
other for a minute or two, to end suspense I called out hello,
and was answered in a squeaking voice — hello. Seeing they
were MicMacs, we called them to come over. On looking into
their canoe we saw guns and two or three haunches of venison.
They spoke English very well, and seemed very cautious in their
answers when questioned about the Natives. Thought they
were all gone, as they had seen none since they came over this
trip. They did not like to be questioned too closely,* but ad-
mitted some to be alive up to the previous year. Seeing deer
was our object and too late that evening for us to get any, one
of the MicMacs cut a junk off a haunch and handed it into our
boat. We in return gave them a piece of Irish pork, so having

• The MicMacs we met on the lake were, no doubt, some of those who
slaughtered the poor Natives with their fire-arms.

a barter transaction on the lake. Parting, they went after fur
animals which was their business.

Torrents of rain came on shortly after our interview with the
MicMacs and induced us to hurry home with the interesting
news we had learn that not only was the Native race extinct, but
that the interior of the Tenth Island, with its valuable timber as
well as grassy planes and beautiful scenery, was only waiting to
be the homes of the of a white race.

I will only add that we, that is myself, my cousin John W.
Garland, and the man (I forgets his name) from the vessel, were
the first white men that ever ventured so far into the interior of
the Island.

Leaving dear old Terra Nova soon after getting back from
our trip, I never heard of any report of it being published.

Yours sincerely, J. B. HUTTON.

Ola-Time Reminiscences of ^Newfoundland during
1823 and 1833.

The Pyke, sloop of war, in command of Captain Buchan, was
used as a surveying vessel on the coast for nearly ten years.
On one occasion when anchored in one of the Northern Bays,
he allowed a dozen of his Blue Jackets to have a run on shore.
On landing they took a scamper into the bush where they came
across a party of Natives sitting round a fire, who on seeing the
sailors, started off into the bush with the sailors after them,
who caught up to a young girl that could not run fast enough.
They brought her on board and gave her to Captain Buchan
who was very angry, finding he could not get her back to her
friends. He brought her round to St. John's and gave her to
my grandfather (who was then High Sheriff). My dear old
grandmother, who took great care of her, and when she could
speak a little English, began to teach her to read and write.
On my grandfather retiring from the service, and leaving for
England, he handed over "Mary March" (the name that was
given to this poor girl) to Judge Simms, a family that I was
intimate with, and in whose home I had many a chat with Mary
March, who was trained to take charge of the children. Great
interest was taken in this poor Indian, being, I believe, the only
on^ of that tribe that ever came in friendly contact with the
white race.

A sad disease carried this poor Native off before (if tny
memory serve me) she reached the age of twenty.

J. B. HUTTON.

Below we publish another letter received from an esteemed
lady correspondent in the Southern States. The QUARTERLY,
like many of our countrymen, is a great traveller, and is wel-
comed by Newfoundlanders in all parts of the world.

SOUTHERN PINES, North Carolina,

March 4th, 1907.
Mr. John J. Evans, St. John's, Nfld.,

DEAR SIR, — A fortnight ago I received, for the first time, a
copy of THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY. No words of mine
could express the pleasure I enjoyed reading it. To me it
brought back the dear old days of long ago, and I could not
keep back the teats while I read of so many familiar names and
places that are still dear to me — though being so far away in
the " land of the free and the brave."

Your Magazine is full of interest, and should prove a great
Advertisement for St. John's.

I left home the year of the fire, 1902. Since that time I have
travelled extensively in the United States. I find the American
people frank, open hearted, and hospitable. I like them and
their country.

If it would be of any interest or benefit to your Magazine, I
should be pleased to write of my experiences and travels in
America.

Find enclosed a Post Office Money Order for 50 cents, one
year's subscription to THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Wishing you every success, I am, most sincerely,

D. M. I.

22.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Advance Newfoundland.

By a Newfoundlander.

n Mullock have been tied UP with snow drifts ; atld that according to a late
HEN that intellectual giant, the late B.shop J ^ ent rai]way facilites are not sufficient to cope

with the traffic demands on it, there being according to the said

endorsed the scheme and advocated the laying of the
Atlantic Cable, with a terminus in Newfoundland,
many people shrugged their shoulders and treated
the proposition as the fad of a visionary, others as
_____ evidence of adolescent insanity. Scientists proved,
with scientific accuracy that the thing was impossible ; logicians
reasoning from existing data showed it was illogical; local
philosophers and wiseacres treated it as an absurdity and pro-
duced the testimony of the leading sealing captains and fish-
killers, to prove, that with the ice and fog and storm conditions
existent on our North-Atlantic sea board, the strongest cable
ever manufactured by the hands of man, would not last six
weeks, ,Time has dispelled the mists of ignorance and preju-
dice and'prpved the Bishop and the promoters right and their
opponents, w/ong, ,

RT. HON. SIR ROBERT BOND, P.C., K.C.M.G., LL.D.,
Newfoundland's Premier and Colonial Secretary.

When the railway across the Island was first mooted, the
heirs and legitmate descendants of the early enemies of progress,
arose in their might. In discussing this question they were on
solid ground and had the advantage of the railwayites. They
proved conclusively from experience ; from the average snow-
fall for fifty years previous ; from the meteorological record of
the average number of degrees of frost; from the sparsity of
settlements in the interior, and the absence of all merchansize
(except kindling wood and berries) that it was impossible to run
a railway in Newfoundland for more than six months each year.
That even if it could be run, there would be no object in run-
ning it, and that after a year's experiment, the whole thing
would be sold for old iron. It does not silence these prophets
to point out, that the Newfoundland Railway — narrow guage
though it be — has been running on schedule time nearly every day
this winter while the broad guage American and Canadian systems

paper, very many carloads of freight awaiting transport at the
Sydney terminus.

When the Premier recently unfolded the Short Line Ocean Steam
Service Scheme, between Europe and America, giving Newfound-
land its rightful place as the most important link in the chain of
communication, presto, a whole host of specialists immediately
arose, with facts and figures and diagrams, in fact the same old
familiar facts and figures and diagrams, and proved the same old
conclusions that they proved in the case of the Atlantic Cable
and the Newfoundland Railway. As if we have not already
suffered enough from the defamation of our climate and re-
sources, these opponents of progress distort and exaggerate the
conditions to justify their contention.

Physically, geographically and politically this Island is so
situated, that despite its maligners within and without, utilitar-
ian necessity will compel us to fulfil our destiny. Situated
almost midway between the hemispheres, we are the front door
of the American Continent. Newfoundland is the beginning
and the end of the safest and speediest means of communication
between the Old World and the New. And this is not a dis-
covery of yesterday. Men of thought and foresight have point-
ed out the facts before, but the pressure of circumstances were
not so all compelling as they are to-day ; and the vision of Sand-
ford Fleming and Sir Ambrose Shea in the past is a solid tangible
commercial proposition in the hands of Sir Robert Bond in the
present and in the very near future will be as much a fait ac-
compli as the Atlantic Cable and the Port aux Basque Railway.
A well informed writer in a leading American Magazine states
that Canada now possesses one trans-continental railroad, but in
about two years there will be FOUR. The three new ones are
now being built. In the United States there are now six trans-
continental railroads. In about three years three more will be
built. The country was thirty-five years completing these six.
The construction of the new three will cover a period of only
five or six years. The business activity is such in Canada and
the United States, that the construction of these new trans-con-
tinental lines, cannot longer be delayed. The Canadian North-
ern, the Grand Trunk Pacific, Mr. J. J. Hill's new trans Cana-
dian, the St. Paul, the Western Pacific, the Kansas City and
Orient all have begun, to locate and construct such a network
of railway systems to meet the rapidly increasing freight and
passenger demands as appeared as fantastic dreams to the most
optimistic railroaders even a decade years ago.

Collier's Magazine, New York, for March and, talking of
Canada's Short Cut, says : —

" Now that some fast steamers are running on the Canadian
Trans-Atlantic route, the advantages of that route for quick
travel, long disguised by the slowness of the ships in the service
are becoming manifest. On February i6th, the Canadian Paci-
fic steamer Empress of Britain reached Liverpool three hours
ahead of the Cunarder Lucania, which had left New York sixteen
hours before the Empress of Britain left Halifax. The Empress
of Britain beat the Cunarder by nineteen hours. Not satisfied
with this, Canada and Newfoundland are pushing the scheme of
a tunnel under the Straits of Belle Isle. The Quebec and
Lake St. John Railroad has a franchise for the construction of
such a tunnel, with connecting rail lines, and the Government
of Newfoundland is to contribute a subsidy of $75,000.00 a
year to the enterprise. It is estimated that the hole which
would be only ten miles long, can be bored for six million dollars.
When this is finished, with trains running to the East Coast of
Newfoundland, there will be only an ocean ferry of 1,800 miles,
which could be spanned by a fast steamer in three days, — hardly
time enough to allow a passenger to become thoroughly sea-sick.
Even including the rail journey from New York this would be
shorter, than the all-water route."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

When all the resources of science and capital, all the energies
of men of brains and men of means, engineers, steamboat and
railroad magnates, are devoted to the problem of the annihilation
of time and space, to relieve commercial congestion and the
ever-increasing demands of passenger traffic, a proposition that
will save between three and four days between New York, Mon-
treal, and London, will not go long a begging for takers. Tra-
vellers from London via the Newfoundland Short Line, as the
Premier pointed out in his great speech on the occasion of the
introduction of the bill, will be able to reach the shores of the
Western World three days and nine hours quicker than via the
White Star and Cunard Lines: three days nine hours quicker
than the North German Lloyd Steamers ; four days three hours
quicker than via the Canadian Pacific or Allan Lines, and fifteen
hours quicker than the proposed fast express line between
Blacksod and Halifax.

These are advantages strong enough to commend themselves
to all interested in trans-Atlantic traffic, but as inducements to
make our Island a link of connection with Greater Britain in the
Far East, these claims are irresistible.

In addition to these reasons in favour of the idea there are others
that without the foregoing entering at all as a factor would in the
near future make the proposed Line a necessity to Great Britain.
For some years the military and naval authorities have been
discussing the feasibility of an "all British Grain Route." The
proposed Newfoundland Short Route, is the shortest and safest
possible. The Route between Newfoundland and Great Britain
would be more easily policed by a small fleet of warships than
any other possible one. The same fleet that would protect the
grain carriers would also protect the Atlantic Cables which
traverse almost the same route that in case of war, should be
patrolled by British warships. It needs not the perturbed
imagination of an alarmist to point out, in case of war. what

would happen in a short time if England's bread supply and
her cable communication with Greater Britain, were at the mercy
of an intrepid enemy.

Fortunately for Newfoundland, circumstance* in the Old and
New Worlds have been moulding themselves of late, in such a
manner, that it looks like as if at last, she were coming into
her own.

The benefits that would accrue to Newfoundland are simply
incalculable. To begin with we would have weekly or biweekly
connection with the continent of Europe, and almost daily commu-
nication with Canada and the United States. We would be on
the high road of the passenger traffic between Britain and
America. What this would mean to our trade may be gleaned
from the fact that it was estimated last year, that Americans
visiting Europe spent over one hundred million dollars ; and
that every means of conveyance from United States to Europe
is already taxed to its utmost and the carrying capacity of the
principal lines of steamers is already secured by prospective
passengers till the last day of May.

With a fast line of steamers to and fro, with a broad guage
railway with its healthy competition and British methods, with
the building of populous termini, and the increased demand for
farm and other produce; with the opening up and settling the
country between Notre Dame and Bay of Islands, no man can
compute the change for the better, than would take place in a
decade. Newfoundland is under many obligations to her gifted
and patriotic son — Sir Robert Bond, but his surest claim to her
gratitude, and to a place in the ranks of men who wrought well
for Greater Britain, will be accorded him because his was the
task of raising the Island to a position of equality with its sister
Provinces on the main land, and compelling recognition of its
rightful place as the oldest if not most important Colony in the
British Empire.

Photos, from the Reid-Nfld. Co's. collection.

SUMMER SCENES IN THE INTERIOR OF NEWFOUNDLAND.

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

^^^^^K^^

"* *** ^^^y§^y^S^^^^^^^^

C attain Arthur Jackman.

A fyfemorial Appreciation, ly

I THINK that no one within the last century has studied and
depicted the highest types of splendid humanity as Rudyard
Kipling has studied and painted them, in respect of the British
race. When I speak of "splendid humanity," I speak of the
human animal ; and we are all of us, even the fairest and sweet-
est of women, the grandest and bravest of men, (which in our
modesty, none of us presume to be) — at our best we are only
splendid animals.

Rudyard Kipling has studied the type. And I am sorry to
think that in his studies he never consorted with Arthur Jack-
man ; for if he had known him, he would have recognised, per
force, that amongst his " Captains Courageous," Arthur Jack-

THE LATE CAPTAIN ARTHUR JACKMAN.
The Famous Seal-Killer.

man would have been more than a mere commander. With
all his faults, he was a "Captain of Industry," and a " King of
men."

It is many, many years since I foregathered with Arthur. I
have been " shipmates " with him in many perilous straits. And
it b thus that I know him. He was " a man of men." He
was a man of the most dauntless courage. He knew not fear.
In straits or crisi s he never lost his head ; and, moreover, he
had the strange faculty which, for want of a better word, we

A. J. W. McNeily, K.C.

call "magnetic" of communicating to others his confidence In
himself.

" Nature might stand up and say to all the world, ' This was
a man.' '

And Arthur was a Man.

No grander specimen than Arthur Jackman, of the type of
men which Newfoundland has produced, through the mixture of
the best of English and the best of Irish seamen's blood, wil)
be found for many a day.

There is not much more that need be said of him. He ac-
complished his life's work. •' After life's fitful fever, he sleeps
well."

" Oh, kindly earth, with all his human fault,
Take him unto thy sympathetic breast,
Receive him, Lord, to thy eternal rest."

ARTHUR.

In 9tfemoriam — Ca£t. S*£rtnur Jackman.
Died January 31st, 1907.

By Dan Carroll.

SILENCE and stars and the night dreamed on,

In the realm where the North Gods reign,

And lo ! the soul of a Viking passed

Majestically in.

Radiant Aurora, rising from her throne,

Flung all her brilliant banners to the sky

In welcome to the brave, and Thor — the hero

Of that hero-land—took Arthur's hand, and

Then, the harps by Sagas thrilled of yore, with

Songs of Sea-Kings great in Northland fame,

Burst forth anew.

I heard the heart of a man bemoan

The strong man's death.

" The blood that won the sea's domain was his ;

The winds of the North and the white floe's brood

Know of his bravery.

In danger's hour when dark shores loomed alee,

Where coward hearts would weither in white Fear's fell grip,

With foam-anointed forehead h2 stood forth a Leader true,

And wrought high deeds while maddened Ocean raged,

By manhood and the courage of his Sfcql.

Yes,— full many a year shall pass ere he's*-

Forgot, and many a captain brave shall

Quote his name, as towards the North, proud prowed

The fleets advance, manned by the brawn and blood

Of Newfoundland : —Captains brave, from headland

And from hamlet as they pass, a people's heart

Shall give them this good wish, 'May Arthur's luck

Bt with tkim on the Sea.' "

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

WHOLESALE

AND

RETAIL.

AYR[ fc SONS, Ltd,

AGENTS FOR

LAW, UNION & CROWN
FIRE INSURANCE CO.

Groceries. Dry Goods. Hardware. Ships' Stores.

Our Preparations for this season's business have been made on
a big scale. , With buyers visiting the European and American markets,
we have been able to secure many Special Lines for the various Depart-
ments, and feel satisfied that our Spring and Summer arrangements are
complete in all details. Samples of Wash Goods and Dress Fabrics
now ready for out-of-town customers.

Carpets Made & Laid and Linoleums Fitted by Experienced Workmen.

OUR MAIL ORDER SYSTEM

Ensures Satisfaction.
GIVE IT A TRIAL.

AYRE & SONS, Ltd.

PIANOS AND ORGANS
A SPECIALTY.

WM. MACGREGOR
Governor.

[L.S.]

PROCLAMATION

By His. Excellency Sir WILLIAM MACGREGOR,
Doctor of Medicine, Knight Commander of
the Most Distinguished Order of Saint
Michael and Saint George, Companion of
the Most Honourable Order of the Bath,
Governor and Commander-in-Chief, in and
over the Island of Newfoundland and its
Dependencies.

WHEREAS an Act was passed in the Sixth Year of the
Reign of His present Majesty, entitled "An Act to
regulate the Law with regard to Aliens."

And whereas it was provided under Section Nine of the said
Act, that " This Act shall come into operation on a day to be
" appointed for that purpose by Proclamation of the Governor'
" to the effect that the same has been approved and confirmed
"by His Majesty in Council ;

And whereas I, the said Governor, have been certified as to
His Majesty's pleasure in respect of the said Act, to the effect
that the same has been approved and confirmed by His Majesty
in Council " ;

And whereas it is expedient to notify by Proclamation a day
upon which the said Act shall come into operation ;

And whereas the said Act was, on the TWELFTH day of JUNE,
A. D. 1906, published in the Royal Gazette of the Colony:

Now therefore, I, the Governor, do issue this my Proclamation,
giving notice to all His Majesty's liege subjects, and to all whom
the said Act may concern, that His Majesty has expressed his
approval of the said Act, and has confirmed the same, and I do
further, by this ny Proclamation, give notice to all whom it may
concern, that on and after the THIRD day of JANUARY, instant,
the said Act shall come into operation.

Given under my Hand and Seal, at the Government House,
St. John's, this zrfd day of January, A.D. 1907.
By His Excellency's Command,

R. BOND, Colonial Secretary.

M. W. FURLONG, K.C.

/. M. KENT, K.C.

FURL ONG & KENT,

~~* * #~

BARRISTERS and SOLICITORS.
DUCKWORTH STREET, ST. JOHN'S.

P.O. Box 184. Telephone 184. Cable Address " GIBBS" St. John's.

M. P. GIBBS,

BARRISTER- A T-LA W,

SOLICITOR & NOTARY PUBLIC.

Commissioner of Deeds for the State of New York.
Solicitor for the Merchant Service Guild, Liverpool.

Law Offices, GAZETTE BUILDING, Water Street,

St. John's, Newfoundland.

M.&E. Kennedy

Contractors, Builders & Appraisers.

Dealers in Pressed and Stock Brick, Selenite, Plaster, Sand,
Drain Pipes, Cement, Chimney Tops, &c.

iyAll orders in the Carpentry, Masonry, and all classes
of work in the Building Business, promptly attended to.

Office : Kennedy, Mullaly & Go's wharf, West End.

Factory and Store: off James Street, St. John's, Nfld.

follow the Crowd • Save Money.

Call and get our prices before you buy your spring's supply of

PROVISIONS.

Big Stock, Low Prices.

Don't forget the address:

P. H. COWAN & Go's.

New Store, opposite Harvey & Go's, premises.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention " The Newfoundland Quarterly."

THE NEWFOUNDLAND QUARTERLY.

Post Office Department

Parcels may be Forwarded by Post at Rates Given Below.
In the case of Parcels, for outside the Colony, the senders will ask for Declaration Form, upon which the Contents and Value must be Stated

FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND
LABRADOR.

FOR UNITED KINGDOM.

FOR UNITED STATES.

FOR DOMINION
CANADA.

8 cents

24 cents

12 cents

15 cents.
30 "

£ :

75 "
90 "
$1.05 "

Cannot exceed seven pounds
weight.

No parcel sent to D. of C. for
less than 15 cents.

ii"

14 ** ....

24 "

17 "

48 "

.48

20 *

48 "

6 . ..

2"* *

48 "

26 '

48 "

2Q '

-52 *

72 "

$1.08 .

-1C '

35 '

72 "

Under i Jb. weight, i cent
per 2 oz.

Vo parcel sent to U. K. for
less than 24 cents.

No parcel sent to U. S. for
less than 12 cents.

N.B. — Parcel Mails between Newfoundland and United States can only be exchanged by direct Steamers : say Red Cross Line to and from
Allan Line to and from Philadelphia.

Parcel Mails for Canada are closed at General Post Office every Tuesday at 3 p.m., for despatch by " Bruce" train.

York ;

General Post Office.

RATES OF COMMISSION
ON MONEY ORDERS.

THE Rates of Commission on Money Orders issued by any Money Order Office in Newfoundland to the United States
of America, the Dominion of Canada, and any part of Newfoundland are as follows : —

For sums not exceeding $10 5 cts. Over #50, but not exceeding #60 ™ cts

Over #10, but not exceeding #20 10 cts. Over $60, but not exceeding #70 "« cts'

Over $20, but not exceeding $30 15 cts. Over $70, but not exceeding #80 ' 40 cts

Over $30, but not exceeding $40 20 cts. Over $So, but not exceeding £90 4, cts'

Over £40, but not exceeding #50 25 cts. Over #90, but not exceeding $100 , 50 cts'

Maximum amount of a single Order to any of the ABOVE COUNTRIES, and to offices in NEWFOUNDLAND, jioo.oo but as
many may be obtained as the remitter requires.

General Post Office St. John's, Newfoundland, March, I9o7. H. J. B. WOODS, Postmaster General.

NEWFOUNDLAND

Postal Telegraph

POSTAL TELEGRAPH OFFICES are operated throughout the Colony at all
the principal places. Messages of ten words, not including address or signature, are forwarded
for Twenty Cents, and two cents for each additional word.

A Government cable to Canso, Cape Breton, connects with the Commercial Cable Co.'s system
) all parts of the World. There is no more efficient Telegraphic Service in existence.

A ten word message to Canada, exclusive of ) From So 85

signature and address, costs \ TO LOO

A ten word message to the United States, ) From $1 IO

exclusive of signature and address, costs \ To I. SO

To Great Britain, France or Germany-2S cents per word.

Telegrams are transmitted by means of the Wireless Service during the summer season and
e year round to Steamers equipped with the wireless apparatus, which are due to pass within
radius of the wireless stations at Cape Race and Cape Ray.

St Jet^ -r,rgeS J1^ bl °btained ^ aU P°St °fficeS and fr°m Mail Clerks °" Trains and
T and the sender wishes the messages may be left with the P. M. to be forwarded by
mail to the nearest Telegraph Office free of postage.

pn<f no;,, cv r i. , H. J. B. NA/OODS. Postmaster General.

fast Ojfue, St. John's, Newfoundland, March, 1907.

When writing to Advertisers kindly mention « The Newfoundland Quarterly."

Newfoundland quarterly

PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE
CARDS OR SUPS FROM THIS POCKET

UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY

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