abandonment abandon j^A\ , *)^)|
tS J Ji -*»J jl >^ OK iJkUll 0!>Ui)l flkiilj jjj," Jl
<->JJ\ *jj^j jyr^ J>)l lS-J J*» Jj J! Oujll li»
abductioh enlevement
J&JI
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J VUil ji t L-U^l ji L, ^IjjlJ £j^i. ^
. SjU-lJI
^Usi-I^Li - y
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ability capacite SjoaJl
J lJuScII jl L J^* jlsftl Jp 4JLJJI »jLI SjJi.
J»j ijjti j\ CJlT <__*- JUil Ji^Sj j-l^. J^ail
general abilities i.Uoljjj iiL>_, i_j£.jl i Jai o£c
i-M u" 1 ^ l/**; u* W-*": Jr^'j special abilities
■ J-* 11 £/ J! s^ 1 . -»' V J-~' iS^\ JUJLI
iW-U! working ability J^JI j* ijjill Jlij
61T <-\j^ J^JI tbl Jp J^ill ijXH J*\J\ l£j~1\ Jp
Sjai l _ r a»l Jl jJ^i capacity l j*£_ Sjjill LI
social ability : Jn\ . [^i^j^j i £s jU^J
ability tests tests de capacite i'jj&\ dljLjjn
SjJillS' i_«n oL»-lj «bl Ja J^WI «j-*» ,_r»L«
. ijJil SjJillj ijL&l SjJiilj ijSLilSQl
jLv^I j. jIjxl-NI jl Sj-Ull oljL^-l jSic'j
^bS/ i-jt>UI Oblo^-NI ^-.JJ >lji:N j;J)l jl>S/l
p— r.jJ >>j jjjil jl>S/l ^Djl jU>-lj t iiJijil
i_.jt>UI SjLjll V L^TI j. rr S0:_ ^iJI jlo^NI
r
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able-bodied person personne valide
Jiiil Jp jill i^
J^«JL »Lill ,Jp ojJiilj i^»^iJL «,'».:j (_^ JUl j^iil y,
J J— JIT c i_.L,S/l OUtwaJI UJ»i ^iJlj JoJI
. jJI J_^il ji j,J*dl ji ^Ijjll
ABLE-BODIED UNEMPLOYED 2
able-bodied unemployed chomeur ji, jfl-Sfl j ^y. ^ J-Jl j- j^i\ obi
VaNde Jiai £ jafil Jfcfll . iiUI
• *; f 1 ^ 1 J* ^j-** £* J-*-^ 1 J*- JkUil ^^k-iJI abnormal psychology psychologie
^■jji g J^Jl jp jjltWl ^u^iSfl^ j^l^j des anormaux iljiJl ^Jfc ip
^U-^-l ^_ V ^jjl ^U^iS/l <u .Ul J* J) ;VI iljU J SiLiil yhllkil _,U ^-b
• J-~J> J* OiJ^ 1 > 0>UI tf l unemployables ^ ^i^ij w^JI oU>-ilj t JiJl .Juwilir
ablution ablution t ^\ psychosis jUJJI, neurosis ^UJIT UiJlj
■ li-I.J- 'ill • -II . \< J_l I- i • L- ■ ^' ^'^ i -^* ) ' ^ jJi ^
: yajiiA^jJUi ^jyJ 1 Jp-o *~JH *'J=H u^** .Afr^ 1
purification _^k!l abolitionism abolitionnisme«Ul^l jLiit <-J»Ji
abnormality anormalite i.JLiil "
. . g, j _y j jo-.^ ^^^u .^j, j ^^ j.^, oliVj j| j ^j, 5jLf - tU])j
i>it!i ^jkj ^ . U^ij U-j^ «- ii ji ^y ^ ' . >ai • j >Ar • u» u
Jl jj& Ji ijlilli s J,}\ j\ ^\ j^ Jp 5jJ ^
sub-normal ^S/l Jl ji super-normal J*S/I aborigines aborigenes Ojii^l oil£jl
■O^l ^iT, ; lili jJJ, "\iy^ *jf ^ g^U ^^j, ^^y ^ j ^^ ^ ^
OlCl 0~~ J. ijiiJli t iU ^ JT j_^ilj fj ^ilj il5 _ U i ^ ^^ ^ ^ il( jj | ^ ^^j,
/;> t jLx^VI jl jji\ C-ij J^UI 4-» «ij (_SJ!I (jljii-l
social abnormality cs" 1 ^"! ^J-*- 1 : ^ i ' i ' "
abnormal psychology. \\^\ ^ L 0ji; ~- ^ y ^ r^ J ^ >J ' ^~ ^ J U ^-^
abnormal behaviour comportement . ^%iS i^yi\ JkJt Jl l^ ci^li ^JJj J ioJU ojIT
anormal , , «s
iUJl iJljl v _. . . • Sll
J abortion avortement c^ 1 ^?'
tSJJI jl t i<ijdl iJjO role' jp ^JI^>jVI ja
o-^l L_i ji /utv iui Ujui ^ti ijuj ^^ : ^^' ^ 0UjJ ^ Uj -r )s t>
uirt-Mi o»ijii ji t lj gtjui j^ijii ji ouiai r- J ■*-**■ ^^'f ' a ^ i Jj " d J u j* j ^
deviance Jil^l jJk^. ^Ml .Uk ..^^ > '^ V ' J J-^ 1 f^ 1 ^ J ^ ^^' ^^^
JjLJI ja ji^s O^aJ conformity JtuiVI J,li. J ■ ^ -
abnormal place zone anormale ^iWl^f- jlSll
, .^ „ abreaction abreaction JUii^l »j_^JI ■ / :: "
jhjil j-b. J awkward *^j^ jl v^ Jl* i«L^ " ' ''
fJII jloi. £ l>i-| ^ ^SUl ^ ^X\ J.U J^" 0* lt*^J ,/JI c;^ 1 V. (■>. ^ J-i« ij>j
SjLj 5jU ^-Ull JUj> jj^-i oUi J j-\ JiJ .ibA\ ^l>^Mlj ,_gvwil jlill »___; ^1 i^Sil iljll olijTiil
ABSTINENCE
\J>S ^ ^-*~. -»»j J~i» ji ^1 J;> jp iU^
Jjl_J J il/i/l ji dUi Jp ^ > jiy ^__,
V-Ul v^- g;j]l ^1 JJ^JI j,^ ^ _,! _,_^|
• *\f> a* M^ i> J*.P **?^j JUci\
absenteeism absenteisme
_jIJ«!1 «_ysiUj
J~Jl JI JLJI Jy ^ ^jp _,i j^ji ^ ^Uai^/I
. ijU»-l ji
j~«i M oi i-jt ^Lill ji .Us-VL jyoill ^j
«J»i>JI j! v 1 ^^ 1 J' i.i-) 1 OljU-Ml s __, ^LUI
authorized absenteeism *; jv^" V^ J^i.J
jjj_> ^L_*.j justified absenteeism j^y ^li,
■unjustified absenteeism jj^
. iil»- JS3 U«j sjL'TjiLafj
absentmindedness « Jiiil jj^i » ^^l lp j_,
jl3 >. ^-;JJ ji^ 1 J jl^Vl tsi or distraction
. 4; ik^l Jl^ Jja il ,LJ| .op ^T O^ J| ^
absentee ownership propriete absente
iuii <l£Iii
^. J' </J o*jl\ jp oLill i&U JI jJL^il ^
IWi^lj L^bl iJ^ ^ i^ijj Liji ^U^iS/l Jb-i
-Ji: JI i&U jp SjbVI J^i Sy-lt SUJ .>-;_,
s^ Ji l«i_k; ^b^ ^11 Jijij SjbVl JiJ j>;j
lA p-r_^ J;-^ ^Jji -^ >l>5 V Ji iv*~*i~ <ji
. oUj^ii .ujv .j^i jai
absolute, cultural absolu culturel jtaili jJtii
i-~ 5AL2J J ,j-UI j»i; i~» ji .jC-lcVI jL~. y>
■^ i~'l» «»>; J jj& dl!-Uj i UU- ilia; U ji
ij-j. jiJa, ^ j^ < ii-jSft jr jj t ^ui jr
>j j ^ir iii ^ij^i ij^vi j_^ji jp jjk^ii
JJ-o-jJI i_iUJIj i>Jail 5j_^»U iilk. ^LJI .V>
lilS Ulk. ikljijf jil jjSj ji jjliT .<Ss">l\ JiiOJ
J»Uir loj>Jl olu^J.1 J iiUdt oliikil <l j jl
. iiliill ij—JI jj: j jjlj; «^
absolutism absolutisme
i'aljZ-Vl t jikll iSjl - \
j! diU v LUJI <kUI J_^_ <UJ| J150.I j^l
JJaiJL Jj.ij t ^JjJ; j| j^j ^^iilC. ijJ^P if-[±>.
. ijljJU-Ml jl ».5_jj5±l jj*.
cjiri »i^ t i^^vMi ^1^1 jL j;uii ^jii
LkJ dji_i] il»jL^ »l 1 jjSl. jl ^jt U J^; iJit.
^*^J t*j"Vl ^»»- J oJl»-lj (j* i i«j*L5)l f-l^S^i
. ijjiji-v' (/j ' i*icVvi jij^S/i
absorption absorption Jl^teLi^l t ^Uaii^l
. j^Uj- jju oli*>UI JlCil j»-l
J\ jXD g;jUaVl iUJI J jj^l^il J_^Ji
^^>-L.j;l Ui absorption LiUa^l ^wu i^Ji ij^U
u^Sfl J15LJI ^ iijUil .Ji Jp ^tVVI .liiJi J
Ijj^l U lili i acculturation L»li' uX _ j^i
dtii jc*\ ^jj. i^jijll „i)L ij^Lj jl^JI obU
o—*^ 1 1* j Jljii-Vl; -Uai _j . assimilation ^'ll5
<«^_ LIT "^lii'jl ^~ j\ ^£i Zj-^j£. JiJl'JIiiJI
. »> JI OliJMI y.
abstinence abstinence JiiiJI ■. -ujll 4 fLu^l
oU^ll s __, i^Jl ^H .Ul ^jU>-Ml 4_-^Jl
^--^ j JUJI y, IS ^jiUJi jtSJi job jl taboos
Ofjj jLlp ^ J^JI .^l j| .UJI ,u J f _pJ)l
ABSTRACT SOCIAL CLASS
abstract social class classe sociale
abstraite &^f, ^ui^i i&Ji
tJLoIIj jpU.il iSj~ A A* — l* ■*»- J>' ~~ f^y^x
jl jSlc ^jjl i ftii^JI j 1 »J»-jil ~4~aJu } iTjlill
• *~J-I lS/—" J| (^ jl ipLi-l ^y — . Jl *4«ij;
^IcV^I OLill jp «j»J.I «^lcV^ iilaJI JaL^'j
oJ — » iL.1 ^j i <u.ljjjl J»-l ^ ^-J-Ij If »'■■/»; (_^!l
•Aij . <wl>JI obljAI jjij c '■^♦-J! Obj ; oUJajl
tXfCjjjk rrjyr* f^cT^ J* J jdia-rfill IJL» J>-^'
OijJtdl
^aju ) 5L>JI Oljj,J> J^ ili£il JL ji ij JT jl£»l
abuse abus
wA-JcJ'
abstraction abstraction
y ^ya!i\^a^~ 'j~£ C-^JI 7^*L* <J Xj^JIj U.^? ai j
■Up liJ i J>JI JLj^I j JsljjnJl . jjJlill J
J-^ai 1 1^1 q! o l *ajj *LjJ — *•' *— -^ y~^_ j^V j,^
OILT lil ,\ . jJJb jl_>MI ^j- J=-JI JL*^l
C-il— S" jl . if-j-^ j*fr l< S . S-w J Jl ^j; ^11 rJLall
• Vrr-i j> a>
• Uil ^jJijil OUT ikUl _ijU' ou-^il ^Ijii j._,
ji iljiSlI a^i JU- oLtj ojI" jlJl JUiSlI ^i~
. lk>- jLU j^Ull U^_ i.U)l juS/i
academism academisme i^jjlT^l **jJI
^ ^>^\ } jiil joL> J tj-Uill ^jL-MI f-L"!
««->L.I "ut" _j*j iTjUil o^Lp -b-b-d U ,_a»_y CA&
5-1 — c- ip^»-MI ^j_pjl J Jbj>JI jLij jL'j
. JoJ>Ji\ ^ i^_^_itl eLiMI «La<lU»lj t i^-^V'VI
^^Jj j»Ukll j^ tLiMl ij^ffj Ojj>JI jLi j^ jli !>>-lj
•c>UI^
abstractionlsm abstractionnisme ^/r^ 1
J i_iJU.I Jl olif^l i^U- -1j.>>JI JLju-I <-j^
. i-jJil JIU^JI »IJL>«iM.I j^ Vi J*j>«sH
abundance, economy of economie
d'abondance 5^}ll jLadl
Jl i«U)i ioiyJi ojjJI ijiy Uo^ a>-j; (j!i iJUJi
tSiLaa'lll i»UJI Jo V^ 1 ^^ 1 o^L,_J Jo .li^l
iiL=-i ^^Ui^mi j^u-o ur . oik Jl-vsl j^u tjjji
j:_iLi"VI JL_^JI
f^
jj«il Jt *)^-dJ academic achievement
l,Jp J_^a»JI i (j!l OU-jjJI I,— j'j ^-jIjIIj i-»lja)l
. OljLx^NI J
^l academic freedom ijCilTNt *;^i JU; LT
ijs.j Ij^iL jl J OU»U-lj OU^JI J ^jwjjil ij?-
>JI olf»-j L> ^iLi Jll JJLil J ^* >J if»-j
■ <»^ ^Lf>-J c/-
acceleration acceleration jV^'
7-*>U2^3MI l-U jJa;_j iljsxi- e^i »sj ay J oil; jll
. jwdl Jjjw j^io jjil OUUJI _jl iji^^l iTyJI Jp
acceleration ^ L^-)li JZci\ J—^' JL-^.j
^^dJ ^.jll JoJlI i_t ^ ojIj ,jlof social change
deceleration isT^i »Uajl Je^ 1 J; 1 * j ■ ^W"^ 1
. j«JI Jo*i ^Liiil (jl
JtS j~Ju ^J]\ loil _^_, acceleration principle
JJ ^JJ; Oil -loL j Jjjw ^Usil J^stj J, ; SjLjJI jp
acceptance acceptation Jjjfll ' Jill
[#**.!>" c^J »^ >i 4?l~ ji ^k. ji ijoi
■CU ,_ / ai«^JI J»ljUI ( _ r _aJI lp J JJJL JUai j
*dj— ! V.fc*-' *-"~« j* <iviJ U l^i-w- Jp ^ US'
Jp> t clJldl jli ^ Jiill Jp lis, J^ ji jjj
^j>-Ml 4~i; ^^.ill ijli< i»jla^ ou^ll IJLft u ~£p
acceptance andu^Ob '<-L>? !, £">U*-»l rJ^^-ij
JOjj . wi^iJL iiUdl oLJiJI J rejection
«U: UU*- ji ijH iiUll jl «^iLl UuJI jlj^i-l Jp
J~~- Xj . olpUul ji ^Ul ji .LiSlI j\ vjM
Ui> oLji bj^ j^)\ 3 j^i ^^ir ^ ^!
accession rate taux d'engagement
JU*il JlnJl Jluj
5J_. J^U- jjJLI JU*JI JUJI Jo^. « j^^uill
J">U- J^-JL; ^ji>>dLl JUjJI jjp i-j^ rj^—i ) £-**
JLJI jjp J»^ Jp gjUJI __i _, \ . . J Soil
. Soil J^U-
ACCIDENTAL VARIATIONS
accident, industrial or labour accident
du travail X^i\ iU»i
j^juj . *~ — i jl J^jJI *UJI ^a?*; ^1 ^ J^jJI iL»lj
i_Jjij iSi\ ipL^all tiijIjT »-Jiil ^ J^jJI OLU.I
' £^*> *i^j o* vr-j : ~ j "! k> r^' i>* J*^ *__: U
JUaJI j-">U
j US' t sli_j _ji j^p j^ *_Ji i^jj; u_j
U* >___: ^liMI ^jJISo SiLjj J-Uil
notification J-Jl oLUj^oyUJlJLij' Jp Jsl^i^L
J_t i^WL J-Ji ^_j-U> .jl IS of accidents
J— -J I *L_ji JUJi l—i ^^ jil oJU^i
accident \* ,yuy&\> »j1jj accident insurance
.benefit
accident proneness
predisposition aux accidents iili^J ilai«!L.)|l
J (jA-ii j* •OjJLmj U ^_^ — i UJ (Jj>-I -Uj ijf »^U>I
. 5UJI
AjjJ-** JUjJI jf* ij!*~0 i-J jl OL-ljoJI '." ~ -^ o»j
• J^' OLUsI j^ Sj^-S' i— j \p
accidental variations variations ac-
cidentelles iil^ill ji 4^j^' oljfcll
jl ^U-l i_>«-XJ o^liail ^i Ol^yuJI ejjb »„ jLu;
(j jjSvJ I) ojUIJ 4SjU- JJUj Ojl_j>- j\ i'jlt J-"I«P
' . ■ : ■■ ■: j^ Jif j' J'jlj J_^»a>- i^JJi Jli. . jL_«>JI
^j^tJ jl Jlp OUiJ jl JjJ-i l«- jl . oj\-S' iL->-
accident accident ^'ijl
f- 1 *^-^"-* "^ *i^*>r- ji- jl i i»> w 1 ^ lA^U^-l ji Uj^ ooJ jla*u-NI X, U*U:'I ji Ujloi.
ACCLIMATIZATION
jjd\ 0j>o ijci jjSo" "^ ^j . JajLi li> (j-Jj S-U-li
I — ,-'1 bfcjvc- J* I^J^. l^J . jLaJUl tjj>-\j iiL. jJL.
ijwJ Ol^Ju LiU-l { J^J illijj j^jil J %_jW j ■>:,...; V
iJu^^l OUUI |j-iUI Jp <wij tJJll JUI JziJI JL4/
<r**j"N OlJb-LJI sJl» jp _^ijl l/^*; ^'^J ' 4 - p i'^j>-^
Jf.J ti^ 1 -^' £• u~^i -V -^ «-j Ji^ Cf
acclimatization acclimatatipn ^llti! - SJhll
i~)l ** jj^f-Ljil La->j ULa^U JJ (Jl 4JU11II
ou£jl jUil J_- Jp iitJL. , > ,/i 5. US' 4 oJOJli-l
accommodation accommodation
^j-iLlI Leijj «. r "U-l^v» tli>-l jjf- j^jUaJ.1 Li t Jij
JjLAI ^i\Ji\ Jl JpUJ j! jy\!l UXj . &> p-;
^*r}i J" Ji *^i ->' fL.'-/ - *^ J J Ld' lS^ 1 -^' J^ 1 - ^
compromise Cjl; : jliJl
accommodation house i^jLli
emergency iLUi Isjijb if»-l_jl ^jlll jj&Jij
JjNjIl ll»*vii fU; j!l ^LiJIS" accommodation
accomplishment accomplissement J^V*
cf. performance
accord accord JUftl
I jkj^-- jjo j}_u I j I ^ T „\jd\ Jp JLiMI -l«; Li
cf. agreement . *J&
accordance conformite ij&\p . iilkll
cf. conformity
accountability responsabilite 4l.?j~^
j,p uL> (i-;-^ *(«-; ^' ■*♦* lS-^' 'J 1 ' c'j^'
. *j 4JI o^p U *•!_» ijLS'
cf. responsibility
accretion accroissement ><JI t Jjlj^ 1
jLjJIS' «JJ Jj>. j\ ^>Li U .^i!l joIj; j\ ji
cf. development
acculturation acculturation
jUiil ^ljy>l . 'JUiil Jil2l
. <uL>w* OUUj Olj OlpL> ^y ij^A-A
>TVl i_JU-l SjU^I *, JUiij JjjJI (^) ; viDi
^iJI »IS^-I jaj tjuSc!l(Y) . iiUUI o-U JJU-IjII
ll«JI ^» VV <^7~il jj^o J— »J . ijjLdl joC— II
JaXJI ) -JliJI jL^MI ji ( O^lj k_JU- ^ L«-So )
,^i; J,\ i^il olT^JI jkj J«iil ij (Y) . ( JjLil
Jll ~Sil U"A>- j. ^»i!l aTjij jrjWI j. ^iitll oJ>
. *JL»Vl iL> 1 JLI L__j>j
acculturation, antagonistic
acculturation antagonique »-kiJl iilii wjLJTJ
_UaAj i j>-l /^-*-^ /r* ijuj 4^—J A^^ j^J ^*
•^ Ji^JI IJL» iii«l ^yj t iJUi ^J"l i«jLi< 4^«jLi<
iiJtJl \yj±x^*\ \aJCC- \£j ja\ (J j^j>JI Jjjil *!«» L« ^Jl
acculturation, marginal
acculturation marginale
^
•*•
<jv ijliijl ^2jl^a>JI 4_jL-j5"l il^P jlviil y>
accumulation accumulation i'l^Jl t £*«JI
L^-^_P ^1 <uU-»JI Ur*-jJ^j^j*VI J ^aJ^JL J.,-?fli
ijliil ol(.JI Cti^-' *-°^r Af- ^jjb^j iiUiil i^J Jl
.... ~JI i^iyScil .-JL-Nlj OljiSllj jl&Sllf
accuracy exactitude aIoJI
t_y jj^J'j *Jlj!l jl ii_i>JJ ^IJI ji o^SCaJl iilk^
. LkiJI
achievement accomplissement jicil t jlkftl
ACTION RESEARCH
^ it-y^. \J ^j^->_ Jii JUpNi ^ popular action
. jl>Sll
action, direct action directe ^iQl XJi\
^i^Mir a_—l__J( _**. jji—^ji ji »ujmi
j^LJI J->J>JI >iUj LI Sj_| . ioL/iiil _|l i^-leVI jl
social action
.political action
'^L^-NI J^JI : >Jl
f;
<U^A
Ij »tJ
ik^ll
~jj . ^—jjp^il ^J*wU>l _p*j *-LiJI
l-ui» J_^_jJI IJL» jlif tlj^i i_3jj> Jl J»^» Jl ^.x i«U-
. oir ^N jLi. jjp ji
social achievement, ,. > ,
J .all pi jUjI : >Jl
ana. accomplishment J * ^
achievement, level of
niveau d'accomplissement jloa^l £$-*»
. J3 i->J'j ^~Ajl »JWU A .i-l '
achievement tests tests d'accomplisse-
ment Jr*"*^ ^b 1 ^!
OU-j^»_y» J jyill L^2>J OljL*>-NI o-Us ^j-^ij
^iJl ^\y ^aJ^l: Jl Jjo/ uL^NI __ r i* : J _, i_»<
^j . i_»L.Nl OljlgJ.1 __yi«, J jl Cj\s-yJ>yS oJU J
oljL^I c — J> oljL^j oUji>w oljL^-l ,L»NI J
. Otal-0C-«lj OljJi
action action ^yr^ ' J»«ll
jll — J I J j_JUI Jl -u>i; iJai« OlS'jj- ie-y^r-
IfjjoLl^ J— »ij corporate action if£ti Jli-
action, judicial action judiciaire iiLiill ^)*a)l
j-^N .ui ji .ujmi j j> js^j j^aii j>ji
action, legal action legale J^UJl Ls -^Jl
1J5— *• (J^^ jli ^l-L>-l (Jl i^j up- "lj"^' J-**'
t^jljl JLi'l ^Jp »ji jl Ul j»j i jjiUll Ijjp 4.j>u "V
5j_^ 5jIj[ Jp Ujj 4 illTjilj jU^lj «JI Jit Ji.
• 0*J J 1 t. 1 ^' ^ ^ Jj ' i:! '-' ''^'-> *^'-> ! ' J 1 *
action, political action politique ^-LJI J»«Jl
J| Jy^jil i_-L_]l ^Ij^NI L,-. »>■ Jl\ ij^\
J jl l^lj, -Ud oUJI oLU^jNI j.> jp i^JI
J_^j t_gjjl ^^r~' ^-- J ^'J_r-^ ^*'^ l5 ^jkj i^>-j tljjl
. 5^JI
action frame of reference
cadre de reference de Taction JoiU^^r^ljlt)!!
Jl_J"VI JJ>J « 'jy}^, i) L^Ji^U-l ijj^u" 5bl
JU! ^jU >NI jT y _j c i-^^.!l JLJlj i*lc>NI
J aTjL. 4>-j; JJI lJIj^NIj -ill d_^ _y JpUJI Jp
. 4^-J^a *_JL*I y*
action research _ ^_, ,
recherche visant Taction C^.^ *&* d ^ 1
L^j-y i!_,U^.j ijP^vNI ijJljll jjc ( !>t. ^Ic-VNI
. IfJI i»-l»- J j» _y Jl 5opL_1I -jjjj; jl li-^,1
ACTION THEORY, SOCIAL 8
oUjk. Jp J^>JJ ^j ^jjl cijJI ^-ii J J& ■ V^V*" ^LIjJ^U £j-kiJlj
-Ui. jl JjUo ylyiJJ ,JJl».dl , j all ^-iyu OliLij
addiction intemperance, toxicomanie,
. v^Jl ^lyMI J L. a | C00 | isme jui ^,
action theory, social s ,
theorie de Taction sociale ^ U ^"? 1 ^M 1 *-/*' ji narcotics ouSi JjL_j Jp jyJl j^;
j_»j t i-pLV^I ijTjLJI jp *yi; obf'l y»i ^ i-jrj->J alcoholics _,_^1>JI '_,! drugs oijokii
,y £>T o_ r ~«j'j ,_/-L>-MI J-jJI f.>**f *ij*^ O^aI . ijLaJI SjUI o-U jp OUW Li 4~Ip v-*-^-
Jj-^jl^jU^JiLlij -iJl s-yoll jl>"yi iljL, cf. alcoholism
. Jl_J)fl iljLJJ
t iiy^dl i^ji—JJ ^ij (U- iyiJI 8-U »yjj
Jl ijU^/lj JpUII Oiy J JliJI ^1 J^-JuTtM,
adjudication jiAjement JnsJI
... . . i i mi - i- ii -ii , - ,'r* IpUo IS" lit Uljjl ,£>JI jjiui lt»LI i^'li
jU»_^j t JpLU <w»WI -ill t_^ j <u«.ljj fjij^ " ' " ' r
" -„ , , M jy: M jlT lil &L.' i^JI j&j JjSfl i^jJil i£~
j, JL.^1 -IjUl ^LV^I JJI i> ^jjjj • ^^^ ~ u^ 1
»a~^y J^l^S/lL. f> . ^1 oU^IJt>U adjustment ajusterne nt J^\
activism activisme 4*UH ^x. t ^jjl ^xll ^L>l ju^ ipL^- ji j> Ok J-L "}U ^J *;
Ol'tfi, * J»JI ^Li< y J-Jl oi j>. ^U ^*JU > adaptation ^S3l ^. JLilll la* .a^.^ ^
j>Jl jl ^JOi j^ ^ jflj t .yUJ 5> gdi j^ji ■ ^^^ ,
J^ii lylL. ITIjjI J>JliJjX bi«U. U'l i ^U«;S/j5- ^t>VI <_«-Scil j^ ^> Jp »j^» j-*". j^Jj
. JwJI *^\j>_ ir*- - ,j<aitiJI ^y ^giii ^~^ii ^_"W iy j'
csiii »bf'Mi ^i > j j^ji ^^iib i.,,^ 4I|jLp ji~ oi - il-i £i^ Ji-~ ji i^u a^.
. >dJ UUI K j~-±\ i Ji-JI iUJI joiu . LvLJT J l y>. JII JpUtI ^'IjJ -oUUflj
activity activite J»LiJI administration administration »j^j
Jp iiiy» *~r_>l^; ji *^">-" j' *c^ *^Lp JT j_^»- J^j ^jj ^5*-^*^' JW«il J «Ip jH»J
. iUc^^l LU jtTI-o'liLJl; jl^'j ,_5>JI jJlSil 3U» iU>-y J^-tj'j 0y" Lso* JJ^J OlpUsUlj jlyMI
social activity ^.ili-^i iliil : yi;l j-^^'j Jr-^'j Vrj^'-J <J>J»y!lj (ft liidlj J»-l»iJI
adaptation adaptation uu^ll . uiSJ\
administration, local -/LXx •'\\ % i\
J JlTl t\y* ^Jl jfl&l J j^" ' 5L>JI ^ J administration locale ' ° J !
i;U- J*- ^*^ 1 J*- SjJi j^i *Uf. if^jll J fi »LJI olo^jlJ iyJ.1 ij^ai^iJI ^ j^-i Jyli .UiJ
• *~^ 'LI Jp jl J*,.- J]| ^J^l l^j ^Jt^il ^^ ; jb V i jb >y|
ily^. j^JJ ^LVMI 1 _ r ~iJI Jp J Utjii: jLii, Uj . V'^b! O*' J^"> OlJb-^l oJi«
ADULTERY
administration, personnel Jp <_» ^^Xi simple adoption Ja-_JI ^Jl Ul
direction du personnel il/Sfl »/s) . ^| s^,i ^i _^ir ^l JikJI iUU.
Jl^lMlj jl>Sll J_^- .Uai-i f> £ J!l JjbMl .
, ' adoration adoration kl"*'
iUSJl J*JI p-^jL" Jl^J l^ J^-idlj Utr^TJ Vr^
JW! ^ jJji' ojui ^ " f ui ^h ^\ worship ^ ^ fe ^ 5>iJ ^ r 4 ^'
. ^i jio»i jjw ji • 5 ^ °^ ^' ?.f& J*
administrations of public authority worship SjI^ : >;l
administrations publiques £fl, ^il ad(||| ^^ ^g, t ^, t ^
wJijil Jlk; J j^a, ^jj| iLiJI ^sLr ^1 jil^Ll i_>> ^j i^ t \ j- <u~ Jbj; ^iil _^
. OljU.lj t}_>*>- ja 4.U ijOl L/ -_jikS' Jlijll j- j^Li X* ^^Jl ^xj i^jjl
... . . . ,<-.., initiation rites , _, Sd\ ^,H»j puberty rites
admission admission Jjji\ °^-~ wj-^j-f j
&* j I iJai* jl «-Uj- ijj\y J_5_i3Li jj^iiLI adult education education des adultes
u ^> i> > l Ji *' j« JS"WI J~ yi v »W^ Jp jL>jl r JL :
. l*~ J~* jl j^.j l^-ljl ji L*JiJ ji ^ ^j ^ >j; ^ .^ ^ ^
adolescence adolescence iiiljl ^-^' V^'j V^ 1 *^^« J| ^Vj ^j-^ 1 Jr- cr*
..-,„,, r „ " . «" i 5.1 Jil c oljoJ! col-iUtl m£ii iri. i^-LvMl
»j-* <^ J'y ls' ^j-^Ji j- j l=rf - J "j t L>- ^ r , ' '
ju;^^ ,>ji 5.^1 ^ ^ ^1 ^ ^j^ji ji y . j j— cr-»"
^-.1 — llj iplpVVl OUU^I OJ_pU o»j
Ellis' i j^xiljll ijjy ft*V »^L J ,Jp ijL<ix»Mlj
adoption adoption j^il
«/ I o» Sjj^ JuS L' Jp jjdl Jl ijbjll j. 5j>«il Oj!l
JU1.SII i>; v^^ 1 V'lrt-MI JJl-jll ^a^l . i-illj.yll
Jjj> ji ^.UV ^tASU ^IpjJ JI j^_V jjjll y j|| iUl5cil 1L.UJI i^^l Jl j>)L j_^ko- oi^l -J
• k^ Jf V^lcV 1 . i^Ull 5UJI oa~'
adoption agreement ■&■ lS J^ii .JjW^fjj j\£}\ Lo iUil ikJuJVI j. jjT o^ o»j
*'j^| - 1 — ~ adoption decree^- y jl^» ^sr-i^. ji i-y tJJijIl JUJIj 1 i--UVl i,j3lj t iJLJl iUJIT
^11 J i-i-IJl i^Vl jp baby - tests iLiS ^LiS~ j*:^' ' V'tV^ 1 ^^J 1 ' V"- 1 -" ^j3l t j^Li-l
. i/^ll i-_iJI_, i^ai i>JI Jp JiUI dyA^ JtiJ . -^t «i«dl i -j'IjJI
i_k,lj li ^ yjlpj JiUI ^ oli^U ^11 ^__, __ s 5
-im 11 : ,',, ,' ■ ,.,,. . „ . , adultery adultere 4jp)jll iliJl 4 lijll
jji>JI jj-j; l^k Jj adoptive parents iULl \~^ i»"^-JL, <?-jj jju ^j^ 1 - b - 1 J-^ 1 ; j' j»
. j-p\ Jiki! jjl oU-ljllj . ^IjjSlI Jp j^UII l^i> ^11 iuSli r ijJ^ ^ >
ADULTHOOD
^jj-\ J=^j Jv i— J^l 4»">Uil JU»;Mi Ae- Jlij
J^f » £J> J=t-j! £jj5 (I »l^l u« jl *=r-jj^ 5l^l_,
• fornication « f '>»»J1>
adulthood age de majorite «_jLiJI j* <. jj/j\
».U;
advance avancement
cf. progress
advance, cash pret, emprunt ^'j^ <■ dUl
10
. J — Jl
advisory authority autoritG consultative
ftlj ib *jijj i-UiJI ikl — L! 4~~Jli Ifjc^i? (J 0-VpL— a
talj c ajijjj jl OL-^«2l jl OU-^ill *_i«Ujj l£v'
tlr* Mr* cSj-* 4 j' (J*^ ur*^' »Ui£c »JJj JUjI
L y>j^ailS' t S.JjJ.j^ SjJU ^^k; i_*. Sol ^jg Jill
«lp JwJI jjlji ( _ r a^j . JLJ J»JI i_j-L» l^j:_ Jjl
»l»j J.UJI j»-i j. ( ^ki' Jil ijjjsJI i,L_iS/l jlai. Jp
J-jJI i_-»-U» »jl" US' JLJ JU j» i^Jil a» jjSC; 11
advancement avancement *?j*"
<J,J_ll d_>- j. J*i jT^ Jl .Ai^_ll JL&I
ii^ 1 <Jj& Jlj^SlI Ji*. Jj . JUJI <,f r ^ «kOj
advertising publicite 0}uWl
Ol_i!M iikiJ.1 JJL._Jl ^JJI j* SjU j-^l
<. jupS/i j. j^ ji j\ i_*. u- ji JJi ^i r \ >j
^jl_yijl iJ»_jlaj j I — ^ <kL-_£ LLji -Cj ^jJI jlS"j
. jlj-Sllj
J UjXj" ,j>- «~.lj JlkJ J*- OU«dJ »jji ft*Vlj
j£j^_il jL^l .^aMI ^jk-l \j jSO^-il JjLi.
jl killi Jt ^Jy aij i iibUI ^Jl JJL-j; JtsUNI
C — Jj «Ja-^ .(^t JtsUNI L*il4 Jll oLpjII j. I^T
. ^-ULU" - -- al l <l . i/^ I oU J
t sUiMI ^jO^- ^j iili^ J^"'y jt^NI />
. 4jJL4JJI ikl— Jl i »-U»
appui
\jj> it\*iA )\
Zj&\ ij Jju t \jt\
. J if'j^tsj U ^«M
aesthetics esthetique ( likL.NI ) i Jt»»Jl J*
ii-l» J iljtoj ii—li!l f-jji Jb-i JUJI IJL» jlS"
^iil j^odl i^' ^1 i^ill ^iillj t ji!l J ^k»i« jLJrl
ii-tAiil «-J!j_j . JUi-U ^L^-NI jIj»MI J j*Sj
.^iJI j lilT tc-y*y JUrl J*f_ U»a^l : ^*Uil Jl
xt- Jlill JIjjNI ^>yy *Ujf. j^-^'j ' *-* jWrl
. iJjjdl ^yi^iJI
i-ljOj «-.j ii—liJI j*- JUi-l J* »jJI Jill J»j
. jJI jill y,UL.j ^ill ^liMI oLJLpj iiill JU^S/I
affection affection
j_yci!l i jlA>-jll
J jlVI jl iiDb Uy'l" ^- j. i_ill yl^l
. «j«llj illj^b jb: JJI ^Nl v-i)l >bljkll JjLi.
. .lj»Sllj J^l^lj oMUiMI jl^l J^oj
jIju^.1 (^1 affectivity *il-*=rj Jlij
. o^UiMlj jplill SOU! jjill
affiliation affiliation ^->C-=i*if1 ; {U-aiy\ - \
JCS-\^>- Jy iJjUJI jl il^iil jt ip^ill- 4»">U!I
JL-^'bll Jj>«1 ik,lj ji V"^ (i! fle*^ 1 J>'- J^i j'
. jJUill ij-k*JI Jj- f_^L jjj ij-5^'1 5JjL-llj
11
y,...Jl Cj^J — Y
i-JI^^I jl Jik iy\ oLJI i__lkj i^»UJ lSj"
ij* fJ^J affiliation order a^VL, iU- J* J^a^D <o
. aJU^ U^. UL. «»J0 Ob Jahll 4^1; i£jM C~ai
affinity affinite ou alliance Squill ^Ijj - ^
• W^JJ '-Jjlilj «»-jj
. l_. jl Sj?^
«fyl . <Lei\ - Y
. J-»NI SJo-j J* Jjjj i.l_JI ijJI J
t5 1 r i#t»-NI iiiVl i) ^-jUI it- J Jli j
J«t Jl iiUU cj^ill 1,. JUaij social affinity
k_~_; kiiljj . jjiMI u a^i\ J» dyjjj jljiMI ^^
j* i-<w i>Lj>- Jl (^^jV jl ^—j JJlJbfjil ifjLill
Sj^-j ji i->-j)-b^l ji i>^l iijijll ji jj\ d_^
Jjl *»-»jL>tjjl 4jLu jl ^djl
aftercare postcure
iuli rxr^i
olidl J iUjil J* IjL**- jjjjl jljiNl _^ JJlJ Jl
... jjl ilJb-*A! ili^l j_,j_, oUi^IlT iiliiAl
. OliJJ.1 aJbfc ^* -_^»-jyi- JUj »^JJij
agamy agamie ^1 ^ ijLJu^ll
*Uapl j* i^.lii T T Jl lillj »lj- Jplji Jj»-j f-b=-
Ij — » Ji* pyxl jl 4>LJ-I J>-b j. Ij»-jji jl ifrUi-l
jj j*j exogamy ^-jUJI ^Ijjll jl endogamy J*-Ij!I
jUi-l J_»j . jjuJI IJU J S^Lil »ju, j^ (j^i
. {~rJjJ\ J* ja £^k*>Nl IJL» Robert Lowie
AGE, MINIMUM
age (biology) age j-J' ' ./Jdl
jljl LJ «_ Jj . jjiJI i">L. JC. il..<iail Jl S-llI
Jf-'yi! *V L - j )" 5l r^'*— i; j chronological agej«)l
iU-yij iljikil iU-y^T jljiMI j-J U»j age classes
. i^-jix—til iU-j*j *Jj»-j!l *^>"j*J i_jLi.)l
ef^l f>l ji j_il «> Js-ljll oi* J* 0>^.j
.age structure or age pyramid
^ : jcJa-jA JJ ^»j<!l J»-l_/" OjiLSil «*-ij
. majority oijll j^j minority jj^aill
»lS"i iVj^ a 4 J^-d tS-*" y^' u-^' <^ ii ls"— iJ
*Vj J J* Jll* l(~i - mental age Jj*!l j«jJI j>«1I
■physiological age ^JjlJM J^i\ ijiii JoJI j^Jl
age (history) ere jwm!I
<W?l>- OImi jl <C-** ru_j*y> ~bZ±>xA ^*jH ^* *^i*"
pjt j» olji J* iW-UJ dark ages iJJiil jjvmIIT
( _ r v«UJI Ujill J ijL.jj!l Sjjkl^M^/l jL,-'! Jv <uS Ijjjjl
Ja*-) — ji-t- ( _ r ~«UJI Ojill J i^JI j^aPj cS J ">^'
»jj!l L»UjS"I x* I jo (^JJI _ r< a«)l jftjatomic ageSjjiJI
. j^>\^}\ CJjil ( Jj- OU-ojj^/I J
j^k; (5ji!l jvkJI j»j golden age ^»J!I J*^s
. ^_jUl J i j&JI jU^lj oliijil kpi U
age, hiring age d'engagement
J*i!u. j£J?l j-
. J^Jb. J^d; jl ijiii L^j jj^' Jl J-ii J&\ J^JI
c/ 1 -*i ji tils^JNI j^-J ^yjl IJo- iliit JS" jJj^' Jij
age, minimum age minimum ^ii'SlI jlJl J»>
J^- 5 V^ jj* J' Cr~U J^ Jb ^ 1 ^-^ ■>'^*:
S^ii-^^Jt tJUJI J jJI oJu. jOxJj . (5jL>-NI -UJI
AGE, OLD
age, old vieillesse i»-pLi±\
01— i>l ^ Lj ^_ ^1 ^1! ^ ii^jjl
»j-*» J ,Jr_j-£ l*y*j ilxi; iX^t- Jl jjl J_j»»ij
u~
JOJUJ
erV
(T\»»Jm '
^jO^jJ} i_Jlj i_«Uil JS'Lill y. *>-_jir_til ^j«jj
i^JOj JsiJlil J>\^\ } fU!l ^JuwiJI J, oUj li J_ll
old age insurance £.J*3\ xj> ^Ui-VI Jy\i\
»Jij'jold age assistancer-j~jJJ»ai" ^llolAe-Lllj
. iiUixil iiUj)l oU-l»-
age-set or age-grade groupe d'age
Ualjil J«_i^; JJ iJljJI oLuJiJI ja jiS Jj:
(j**i o~" J 1— 'jlill ^W J*- ' oUJ» jl Olii Jl
OliiaJI jjSoj t ijPl^Vlj iiUaaVI <Jjl_yi)l J* jkJI
5J — ?-lj]l <u-]ail ftUapl . <L#^-^* Aju\x^ Olj^i ,Jp SjU-
U-w>- oJj^j ) . 4j djju \S~JJi* Ijb-lj IH j_jL^u
~^1*U^ (J l~** tO^ - ^ 3j: ^y^J ^-^ ^"^^ 'j^r*
oU-LJI *ljl l-i>-^« U#^« jj-Uxi L*S~ . L^iw . j.^.i
. c ... jji^j ji^^
agency institution, organisme
i_li)ll
« — yLI j_j5o o»j oUajJI «jJii J-<»j ItLij ^U jjl
. private i^i>. _,i public oU
12
agency shop
precompte syndical generalise
SUiil jQ *Li*Il i.jl_Il £a
jl ic J_»- i-^Ui-l oLijULl i—Ja}\ a>-l
jjjl fj-j)l djiyi_J ijfrUji-l OUijUll J mJU iliU
agent, business agent d'affaires syndicales
£UJI JUpI JlTj
^?l>- f'y-'J iUjI 7tJU<a* iiU-j 4T^ ^* f J*~* ^^y*
JjJJI J*JI ^_jUw»Ij iliJI ►Uapl ^ JL^VI »lj>-l
. JUJI «V> i^.oJ J-ju
agent, change agent de promotion
agglomeration agglomeration oImJI . «*jJI
5Jb-jII J< (>« Triy' JJ f%i~oH\ li» ^ijj
Jwf" Jll J»l_j«il -^.-^^ J^ 1 tiji-ll JWj.J IgjIJII
'j^Ij ■ J 1 ^ 1 J"yb J^ ^U^f J OjUx jl>S/l
i_JL> jUJI j* US' j«^i-l *ij-^ Jjr" ~^i "^ • J 'j»'^'
aggregation agregation
cf. agglomeration.
j-i^JI
^1
13
aggregative index indice agregatif'^u^ll l'J\
£-**■ ^UoTj i ijUll i_JI' J •&. bjJ Jil JJI
JjMl ^i-l J-^^ *— * i»J ^1— Ml i-" J Ujl«— I
jU^I ^». J^U- <jp SjLp Jjll Ija jCm j>-\ ^ )
J*»U- j. iji« >__J JSLi J ijUll i_JI J «U1
. ^I—MI t— J jU-MI eJU *^>-
aggression agression Jl>uil i *Ijup"S|I
J~ U jl I OlJUl _ji joJI .IJol Jj ^ iJ^
JP Li_)«J jl-UpMI iJjLJI J&uj . jy)\ -j. l^>^
. (^jtnLI lJ -ai»^JI 4_; joij ^JiJI frustration Ol/^«JI
direct aggression « __i.L. jlj-u- « ^^jJi it J Jli^
jlTI .1^ J*L-Ml jJUa« >^ S^iL. v-jll jljO^JI '^i
displaced aggression J_^^ jljopj . iLi .1 C^i
. J»L»-*i/1 jX*i» _^p Jl <t>-_^ jljjp jAj
Cj\y&\ »lji«i»il yt, i_*L_JI ij-t!l j^ jljO*Jlj
I — r L-SjU. iyXf jS- L^.lji^L-1 Jj-l^l _jl 4^J_LI
jl lfU» t>^i ifi\j <*j>j>- ■££■ iljj • jj£jj UjJ
• er^ 11 a" £}» J •jv' olj-*«ll l-i* jjy jl U i IAI-»I
g^'UJI JJUI jl <^UaMI J*wi!l ^yUJI j^j
. yiU> jlj-u- ili^
aging vieillissement ^iill J »jijl
j^JI J »JJcll _jl »^3I j>J j^-j_ jlSLJI r_^-* jl Jl
oi_«, Jp jUsI ( ^f J jj\ jU^, i__; oalj \->\j
JJ ^>>-j jl rejuvenation jlSLJl ^Lil s^UaJI
. <u^L>- DIS-
AGREEMENT
agitation agitation 5;UMl
jU-Uilj OliJkll jllL. jp il^Jl jl J^iiL j^d\
d\ Jl l^pL^jl ( Jp jjS ^»- l^ilij If yy 5jUI Hj[>iaj
Jp jOliil JjUL ijUMI Jl JUju ejiil j^iJIj
l^ -4
Ipj iLj-
agnosticism agnosticisme
,ISJI
jlUllj J/VI iUil
o" 'i^i
MI»V
-J^ OjIjMI ^rwCj
J,UJI j^l_y J<. iUaJI Jx' ^ iUaiJIj .->^l j,>
. il^jl jjjls L) p ^AUi-l Jp ^'bll Jl uJo^-" ^!l
f- JUaJ^I jiivil jjjjibjlj ipliMI »l-tklJ Jjuj
oLOUa*»Nl j^.»l diiJJj tiySil iJ^JI J,>. jp Ml
agnation agr ation ( _jMI fj ) wUll il^l
i^^j^MI oL-ljAll j ^"iUi^MI IJA »ojx^_;
jjTJjl i^ J iUJI jl il^ill Jl jvi, ^ ia^JI
J^U»Ml ,_.* olpUi-l JiJ j, *y Jp ^jkj Mj
ma^trilineal fMl y : J* I
ineal iixJl i^jli-l
^jii^l
( \A1^ ) ^-SU .Jult j. Julll
i_»j«j M jL-JMI jo jlixpMI ejl t iiydl Jp <jSi) JiJI
jlj ijlll jftltil j. JpI tj ^j ^1
Ifj^. jSo:_ M »L-il ^a jjll jj-
. C_p U^JUil jL JJUil ^Ijll Jp
agrarian reform reforme agraire^W ^-^Ml
i\j^ ^'jjll «~^ll -4-i^J liLi j^ ^jUaal -kj
^IkJM dUUI ^ j. ij^^u O^ljjll iMI
agreement accord J^oJl . jU;MI
tUjM jtTI j\ (juiljl Jiljj" JiJI
iiU ikilj tlf-'l _jl JjJIxJ jl jtTI jl
-^^aJI «U>JI ^ysj jlTjl i"^* Jp OiJI »_ji_J
AGREEMENT AREA
14
• f Ir 1 ^ £jj^ '-rr-J f'j^ 1 J~ J 1 i>- g/^J
O^L^iiJI Jj>- aiUJI Jj-i!l jyljiil J (JUj'NI JU<iij
iJUil i>-jall J Jl _^i o^UII ^»NI Oli jjJ^JI j\
jl J^~J N J)l olp^jlli i ojUJI i_»»l C-o- j*
- convention iilil _>l treaty 5-uU. l^JU-l -,» _U»;
. agreement jUjI J ^jj l^U
agreement, area convention appliquee a
I'echelon regional
jl iix^ Jp j^j J-*-*^ -^Jr* -^l '-^-* -i-^j
J=-'j OlpLwail o-i^J J JU»JI_> ^v.JjCL_ll *~«J-
agreement, collective labour
convention collective de travail iijli\ J»*!l -up
~^" J l^j JUjOI otli ^UxJl jl JU*JI oLUj -ja
mup jj»j»,a_j jjjui jupNi »_ji=w>I j» ^ti j i
J^jJI j_jip J Jsjyill r'j^-l; OlijtJI -**«~;j . JUp"VI
agreement, industry wide
contrat collectif couvrant toute I'industrie
J^UJl J»*!l JiP
aJj-lj. »L~~» J Up Jp ,./a:ji N ilj^-. J~p -Up _j&
J^jJI Jjj^i J~-jJ i-J-V. ipUJl JUp ^<t*>- J* Jj
agreement, method of
methode de concordance JJ'ja 1 j 1 Jtai^lt Ojils
i_ylj Jlfj ii> Jp jkll j £-^W>NI IJA JJL.
*— *t)^>-l ^-j U. U^pjij ^1 jl^u-b J-JyfcUs' Oljjl
agricultural extension services
service consultant dans les zones agricoles
Jl JjJ,-" J]l i-PjJIj jUjNI J_j^>- tLU-l Jj^aill
djtj L-^-Li ^ JjI *w?l_jll» a^wiJj t^ppjljil ji^
agricultural ladder echelle agricolejV'jJ^ f~> ]
^ Oj-iJI oUiAif Jij cfiJI i~!l tLUJj J^ai
^sjy. owner tUJU Jl tenant j»-Ul- JJ labourer
agricultural revolution
revolution agricole
ipljjjl ejjiJI
oNNI ijljl J otl^l iU^NIj J=~JI ^j-UI J«il
. *r>i onni jp i^uii iJNi ipijjii j;
Jp i*^-UI iiytll (J--iaj i-pljj]l ojjiJI J^-^io LkS'
. jjl Ol_,^JI SjU-j i jlf&l oUxidl flOj^-lT ^IjjJI
. i-pljjll JUpNI J i.JbO_il
agricultural rites rites agricoles apIjjII j-iit
o^aII *-b>sX-Jj Jj-^as^l AjL*j*~j V^"J u^^ < 5 ''^p^
J_^Utl ^-s^" Jll OljIjLI i.jl_5i ^pU^I iij^JI
agricultural worker travailleur
agricole ^bj" J* 1 *"
>j^i .iDU 5jb| c^; Ji^-; i^-Ui ^ijjli J-UJi
OliNI iijl—wj V^-Ijjj ^jNI o-la. o-^» J V'jj"
. l^\ j^UI J jlSLil Up! «.!jjll JUp j^SLj
J Up <uiwjt« ^£y*~A "£■ ULp Li *_j-^Us)t* ^a^-v* jl y^
U^toM ipljjll JUp J^p i-Jj^ (_ili£" US' t ipUJI
SjIp jAvaJ liiljj apUJI JUp J»p ■~*))i> ^f- US'
. ipljjll JU* ivsl>- J*p Jryl_j»
15
agriculture agriculture iyi
■Uai j I _Mjjll OU-U^I X- J UU^cu-V o'jr--> V 1 -"
J~J1; ie-ljjil iU^. jl Uj.jijj'^1 »UJ# ^^j
«__L> >_jUpI J o*U- C-»- t t _ s t-Jlj -UaJI J»-I r
. jl a->*JI ^l'. *T .,J
^~' horticulture iJlj^^UI ie-ljjil jl jjy_ US'
,jjj)i\ ipijjii j .o^_; c^ir c_^. iju jjri a>. r
Ui pJ j_^!l j* <_<;_,>. I iUy J ^IjjJI o*U-_j
J oUI^JI .U^l ^jS/l j, ^Ti jtL. Wjj
aid aide ijill . 5'jpLIi
c;JJ1 j^U) i-p|p>-MI oliJ,l L^ai" j)l sj^UI ^
4?UaaJ ^JL-JJI J Sj^Lil _u JjSj, UJI .-U>„
. material Cit. y economic
}\jZ jl jjj iJUaill Ol^J-l Jl L>Jj ^jjl j^illj
_Jp Jv»xj jl *&:_ ii>c_il fj^JI jI-U- Jp SjJiJI 4J
. free legal aid iiUull sa^Uil
aimless sans but
JjAtAil
4JI jXj ^JJI <J__J_!l jp sjit ^^k^ll li* jik,
. Ks-y^y )\ i r s-\^ r \ fS oli lilj*l UjJI jo-
alcoholism alcoolisme
4ij«^JI «^j>ill j* oUiVl
* — J_P^JI oL, Jr iil JjL_j J i*Jl_J.I
jL^-NI 0-jX 1 alcoholic liquors or beverages
. U> ^Nlj
o^J^ a_1> jliT iJ_p«£!i oLij^l Jp jlo">Uj
US' i-UJIj ijjjl alcoholic ^oil «„» ^ il
. j^JI UpU^ i_^jjl oli^U Juu-
J_P*£JI jLaJx!
care of alcohol
ALIENATION
J_P^JI JjU" Jp jUjVI _jp lijj
j i alcoholic hallucination
'j*^' i>* i/-* a'coholic psych-sis
ics and their families pnv^J
r^ — «J Ijj-s '^^J I— *S"
homes for treatment of alcoholics
algebraic method methode algebrique
■j^iJ
oli^UI Jp t
alien etrang
« — Jli-^AJ U.U-
oUI
(^«~^
-tj^l L ^i~
^s^-Nlj resi
*- ! j j Jl LS ^_
dent
^^ jl Jl
JJ (JiJ; L'
Ijll Ji_pJ i-Uil j^JI »IJiX-l
^J_)k^" (_j-.il SJjJjJI __UI_j«il ,__jv »J_j»-jll
3r ^c-r*-^ 1 ' Vi>"
.aliens department
uijrty-h s-i^""^ V-t=^' Ol_»Xi Jij US'
services for aliens and migrants
Jl_^Sll Jll^JL j->(^ Jl ^^ .^c-Jj
JU*S/I __yi<u J alien labour or foreign labour
. J5-i_JI JUjJI j__v_jU N C-^j
<i jlSUN SjIp ijUJj *_JU-NI i.lil
Uf (^1-lij iA ^Ji\ l0»- I,- j_^»~i ___JI
• ^1
4j4L>t^ Oils Jl ^Jb>-^l ■_'"' ,-7-J
~ail ___j^-Nlj alien enemy _,xJi
^JJi ^^-iiij
■VI j non resident ^Ull
. alien friend iiju*
alienation al enation <->\j^i\ - \
I^VI j~~j£ J i—TjllI 1 »jj
jL-"V iU*l __^ j^< ^(j J
J"
j^l SjLJI _j^j t T biV
oJ_ Ui . A>-\^J jl _Uj*JI /^p JiUaJi
I>VI
,U">Ip
ALIMONY 16
J-JI j! ^j J*.; t^'lji jpj iUall j* ^L^ 1 JJ jUu"NIj entente ^-O&Nl ^ J*-, iJU oJUJIj
i «*-!> ^ l*j»- ^-Jj J*^' cf" ^J^*" ^-* v^-M • v^' 0* *-"-■'''-> J->^" t/ 4 ■'"*'' -J** union
jl .,J- » :„., j >U Uijll r-^j o"^^ Ly-" 4 -*- c ' J^. ^ ." -■{
. i jM jLJI j ^^ v iUUl ^U^l J»^,_ aMo p atric group g roupe i S oie iljiil **C^Ji
. JiJJ ijJI iJUJI jp jU^NIj JiJI JliJI - r
alimony pension alimentaire iz£\ \
. (Jy-I <L*U} 4pLj>- il <ui lgS~^UJ
(_j»j sympatric groups SjjUxdl olpU^I IfLlij
01 o>3 il>-l-u* iwijl oU-Uv* /^*^ /^^ oU-UJ^-l
j^LJL W^rJj J* J**^' ^J 1 »ly^i ^V»i t>iJ~ . L^'li Oi*
. «Li5)l ji> jp y ^>!l Jl*^ L.I ^j^il allowance allocation ofii&l i &l#)tl
. ^jll -^y Jp OjliS/l ^^J iiiil i_jf cLiULT i_« JsjJaJ lit JL*U ii\t- ^j^. cS-ii' ("M- 1
.ana. maintenance allowance ^V»o family allowance iX'UJI £1_p m I kilii ^j
allegiance allegeance &tid\ c .Y^ll ^ — ^ *,L-e-\j iX'LJI *JL_pi ^ J^L^JJ
,jJ»ljJlj o^UJl Jp aMalJ U&l .JU f ai^j ^ 6 11 V. ■*— i> -children allowance
i ■! mi ,- ii v. -mi i „., m K^i^ i U '\ lodging allowance -i^JI ili-l, 5 -.Ml .L*l
•~f\yt> *i\ j_/«)I Jitfiu li ^}U- M I jl symbols U^JWi cr s j j- .
JT J* ^f_j natural llj, j_^_ ai *^ij J^L j>JI ^1 i,oll > i,> J| 4i xp villij^U^
■ui > ^jil jkjll _po_, i^TUJI <UJI ^ jl,l r maintenance allowance ilJl iVlj t Lj
. ^Nlj iL^JL *^f J.U. ,>• "-^ V- ^J^ J' 1 *" J»~. (/-ill ^ i/J
local or actuallljlj _,! l^U, ,^l j_^_ ji US' . U o» Jjl J ii-J.1
^Jl j">UI i»jSo- _p^ ^j-NI ^ jtio tfjil e^jil ytj j» ^jJii ilji ^jsickness allowance,^ JL' ^^Jj
alliance alliance jJb^l - \ ">^ s ^ J ^ °^' ^ ^-->~' >.>' *^ a>s^
li^ ■ ) l i^jU« i^-jl>- cf^ *»-' y* & j^> ij>^>- jlk; alms aumone, charite ,
■ i ii - i -u • t, - • ■; , ^ ,, 5\S"jJi - ila-iJi - iuiJi
^jv-LJI a^ldll ^ oJUu jp OJj»^ j I LSj: i jA\
OlapUll JiL; Jl ^_ ^J . iJjjJI i^LJI j fJliw- iliil Jp Jilajj . SlTjll J A ^3 <■ ^j^i' M ^
*A^ lS> *^'r J Jj^ 11 a*~. uy. k£-~ ^3 ^ ai ti- 1 ' 51uJlI J* ^. UT. almonry oliJ^SI »Ji; J)l
i^jU» j*j almsman r-Uil L.I .almshousej^l^l V^-i ^
17
■ ** J -^ JI f ■**. Jr* <> er^" lc»
ana. charity
almoner assistance medico-sociale
cf. medical social work
almoning service medico-social
cf. medical social work : Jx>\
alteration modification JjoIcII ; JjjmJI l Jj'xJI
J j t »y>Ui* ^ ^^ Jp. tg jJI JjO^- ^^
J&\ J Ojj^l jji j«dl J.JXJL JUai 1*-jJjJI
alternation alternation ujbdl t ^JU-JI
or-; ^jL4l ji t y^l\ J\ U-lJ .LiS/l ^iU;
,^_iU«; JUJ j>-VI J»« U-i»-i J^_ c_>o .LiVI
JlSLil kijjj^^lalternation of generations <J£-Vl
jp *_.jjji oJbi' c_>o <_»udi jl^S/i ^ iii^.
alternative j;^ 1 cy jL>- jl v_jjlL : _>l Jjjj Jlij
J*. ^ '■*! ^->.y*^ (^alternative voteJjjJ o^aT
. Jj>U JjxT sjb^l ai jjS^_
alternatives, cultural
alternatives culturelles i!sl£ll jSlxll
Ol,U«i-l JSIoJI J^'j t jO^. ,JJ_^ J jw -^
jLfV iib« ia J5U, ^ jl ^jiljLI ^ „uf iitiw.
OliliJI J «^>JI «U«.| ^. ^.JU- ^ y;|^, Jjlj^i
. SOmII olilitU
altruism altruisme *ijyJ' ' jlS"i|l
.L^) i^jS/l aUiiir j^l Jw, ^jjl iljiJI
..L^J-I
amateurism
AMBIVALENCE
j>ll l^i ^.x, J3I ^U-l ji ^,-Ul jp ^Mk^VI
Jj .ipLi-l jJUal Sy_U. jJL^. J jj&Yj jut
■ j^jL*!
egoism ijUVI : jfcl
amalgamation amalgamation r^?'
ana. fusion : jW
amateurisme
<ul_^]l
Jjo,. Vj vJ»lji-MI (j^jt OjO; U i.UJ ijill i«jLc
. j>-l (Jp 6j^oJl\ »j* 41-jljf Jl UU-
ambidexterity ambidextrie h'W 1
. i jUi» Ai_j( — > JUpVL; f LilJ tutJi US' jl AjX U1T
j-o (^ill ijil! ambidexter u'.,a i Jtij
ambiguity ambiguite ( _ r J|jl
i_i>, ^_^»JI oUUI ji iJtjUil oUUI jL^VI
iJU- oU-lii-.l Jl Jj^sjll ^y. ._JU)I ^ jS^i i-v
ambivalence ambivalence
^VjII ^^-iJI JJ>JI i-jJ^ fOi^_; ^-r)Uiv»l
AMNESIA
18
J U ^aJnJi tljl ivijU^. iJUil OUIjfl ->_>»-J /J*
amnesia amnesie
u u
^ ->'
or
jJjjJ! *Jju
iSjvik* a^riJJI jljij j_^j j_jj will ^jjUJI jTi;
jUj; J-^j" c^jlj^ Jel „aii. ^i localized amnesia
coU- ^l jTJbJpojJiJl^^l retroactive amnesia
. .JA>}\ JU.JI ji i-U*U iiUI Soil J^U- «i
amnesty amnistie J^Ullj&l
(j 4j-»L«" r*\jr. l£*t^ •*«* i«lill cSj^-*" Olel^l
. «_JU)I
pardon : j&l
amorality amoralite J^UMl jp Jj*«j
^ JUu ^i Jil»-}UI jl ^jiUJL ^r-J «U'I ji iiji-
Ikiji y ^Ij^jl «Jp iUJi j&lXj j^mi oijl^
J*i!l jjwi; Ql..,^:aT l j<ji^2!l J^jU jM t ij}U-lt>Ulj Mj
. jlj~>JI <jLi ^» tilli i_r^J ' *-*• ■*»-" j' "-'' -^Uaiilj
amortisation amortissement Jill ±5*&i/il
^HJij J^MI i~i Jp \J*, ^jjl ^>ull ^^ill
OUi^>MI Uf- JUai US' . iiLiiMI If-'L^ ilji.l J*
amulet amulette SJjjlul
charm and incarnation • j^
amusement amusement {H}^ ' Q^
. i.X.'Wj j^ii\ Jl i^ijj \fi fljill Oij i~a£
recreation : Jai\
anabolism anabolisme
jl_j< Jl l^Lj^oj i-SIJiil MjvJJ ~Jt-l Jif iJL*-
■ ^f
social anabolism ^1~>-Mi jLJI : Jai\
anachronism anachronisme ^ujUIl ASjUll
00 t ?t->«-*a)I <ol«j j\P ^_J 0-b>xj jl A-^y fc i5^
_jl i s ^^ftju J ^w j^j ,j lUUi *jU U jl Hi )\ 5bl
...ill 5bNl j\ u *2^\ jl CjO^JI IJl» Js^Ijj
analogy analogie J~^'
w t^ji ^1 Jp iUJI _yi J 1 ^ { s^ u - Jr^'
»lkJI_, .o^lj^ll J jI>NI Jyr^ jU^VI JI-^JUll
jj* ji Jill Ml J-i M JJuJL JMo^Mlj . .LiSlI J
iivJl i ~ i'jUu <ui Jill OL>-jJ jl Ml t Jl<o-MI
• U".'.^ 1 US ^Ij^"^ 1 V^ <*■*. J" ^ l ^J | J 1
ii_a jlp L_« jlf U JjMI rji\ : Jl^jO JJuJIj
jl (_^1 . ix'!fr l5 l^^^rj ^.iL^ '**?&_?■ oLUtf jl
jjU J, r <-ll ik JC ,1 ^H\j >MI ^ ^Url
. iUll ilp *J ^.U-l OIT U J til j^JIj . iL'Uilj ir.ld\
analysis analyse
J-6-3'
jl CJl_S" iiil_< ij ij5dl ij^CS- Jl e^ill ij
tlj»-Ml »lj »jl— frl ^u_ cS-i)l ^^Sji\ JjL_ i« J iy**
^j/' Ji~" Jl JJUJI ~ijj ^_IT Ola^-j J
j i Jp J_j«ll js»j experimental analysis
. frtjix—lj
' rational analysis ^^.^ - j' J^*" JV^'j
19
oL-ii ji j^ ^^ji ^i ^ fJli ^_ iJ
. JIL&JI
social analysis ^Ui-ijjk: : ^l
analysis, statistical analyse statistique
l^. i^ill y> O^JI g*t. J ju^l JJ»JI
t y* u>**ji ^sCi jii ouui ,_,_^- ji o^ui ^
«»-jj!l J;a»dj t oUUI «JU iJjj ii^,j Sj^^, .UspV
oa^i ^jjl £^i j„ o^Ji ^ V. ^ ji j& jji
. OU*3«ll j, tji. Jpj i_J| ^
J>o- J iui^JLI iSLu-Vl ^JUVI j»I ^j
VjI'j J— j=t»" ijT>l ^jJI ^U. oUUI
< <ijUl JjI^VIj ^jaiir cj^JI ^U. . Jljdij
J«i^~ y« iUjVI ji 35UJI ^^ J^l-jVI ^u.
i>*^ ck Jj>U i; 1 -^^ 1 <JVo!l j^jJj t >^lj«dl
analysis of variance analyse de
variance Jfe\ j^J
**A ^j~" «-*U»-! ol>>- ^s dJUi JI Jj^^j
^.A ViV J 1 OWj^il oj* ^UT i^ j, aTUII
o'Uu-VI i^-UI j, jjUl i^i ^j t ^jj 4JL«.I
1-LJ.j t i^ OUT gj,. J^,U- Jp j_, 4jjT J|
jfll L ^i\ J* ^il f Uil jjUl J^U; iljb j&r
OU-^il Jp iJLi jjjjLI oLjUI j, jj* JI oVUJJ
oi* ijli. J.J . f U)l J&l ^ai iUJi LJI _^| j)|
J ^UJI ^ Jp JV-u-VI j£c_ iljJLl oloUl
oUx- ^Jl J-ljJI v»l ^o, Jf j o^JI ^ i_JI
anarchism anarchisme 4>-iji!l
'CT^' cH J *r-"L_ )l il»jll »Wl; iJjU, i-jkJo.
ANDROLEPSY
jp .Ui Liuii j jij iji\ .ij*i ^ri ijjji oi ij>
J U^Jp J_^ll U» JiJIj ^Jl ji iSjiJ Jjyillj OliVl
. ^-Ul jUjI
^ — *^*x\ JI JUiifl jl <jvj*0y£i\ iJ a*J 'Sj'J
jl tjry^ ij i»^Lvj ^.J-^" ^i^". ii <Jl i— jf (^^^1
ji v^. ^=^ 1 '-i* J' JUiVI ji ^j, ^ /TU,
OUJI >-lji J O^l Jil ^"iUJI Oljjlllj
c_ili>x^ J 0^ r iil ^1 i_^_^i]l j,p jj^J OOj-I CJlT
o-UT J j^iu; ^JJI jLJI jf- ijM ijjjjVI ^IjJI
io^Jil ^_T,U.I Uil jSoi-, US' t iU^iLI i jlj»-jJI
^J— 11 *iy*j& ji ijy J* ci^WI iSUll .Uio
J^x' j_p «pU-I ^11 Llii; i^WI iSUlb Jj^-j
. i_-L_)l iljoll ^
ancestor worship culte des ancetres
L5*J V-^' Olwisil ^yiiu J 0>.y i^j SjLc.
yj; ji j& jjll iij^Sfi c ljji jL jli^Vl Jp f >-
»UijL»l Jl SjLJI »o» i-J-V-'j if-UJ^I »L>- ^j£ ,J
. j^iil j\ ipLi-l ijU^j i_L>J ^la»-VI
ancestry ascendance *J^C^I •,_ '.', ri \ -
ji ji^iLii VJ iiS/i ^ jir .i^ .joji ^u-
. ^ii^i
lineage : J&\
androcracy androcratie J^ 1 ij^
ijjTJ II J_p j^^JI Jlij .JLi^l s^l J„
j 1 ■ * >^' ijjTJJI ol^ .loiii-l ^landrocerrtrism
. -ill; i^JJ ^U
androlepsy androlepsie ui 1 *^ 1 j 1 ^!
j^^ l£>-I «-Uj- eUipl jUo^L ipU»- »U
ANIMISM
20
J I («■-»■• jl Je- j\ U ^.l »Li)l Jt «JtJI «-Li-l
• ds** {j~*y
animism animisme il»j^l t Jalll 4jj_^- i_jsju
5ij> ^_UI (ILJI ,j OUSI&I ^ jl ili^N
i <Ljl-lJI OlpLjt-l J*** 0" |*^ ■ i ^* f- ' _^*J c J.**-*^.
_^ IS gi >j Uli.ij jU«>-NIj JMr'j jl^iW
jU^I L^JUUu U \ji£ IJAj t v- oU»Ji CJIT
. lilJj Jl Uj Ai-j\j>j A^>}^\ j* jl-iNI ^J 4dUU»
,U- J«iij jj£3l jlj jli^-NI i -»-il1 IJL» Ol..<i T ,a« ,j^j
Oli 7-ljjNl a-U ,jv; J») I iloljjjl (_5j# J J*'- 1 -'
. Js^^l SiU oLi J ^.j t JjLI ^Ijji Jllill jj'S/l
animosity animosite ojUill
hostility : jW
annihilation aneantissement
anomaly anomalie Aj-Ult
anomie, anomy anomie XjjlJw^Ul t *s?>"^'
j^'j (JUiJI »Ul jW ^^" lI* j>-j <— jy i«JS~
ijl-uNlj ji;^' uy. ^)))\ J > "~' Lf*^* i*»l»- ii^aj
il_jl_j »UJJ jljiVI Xf- Le-\^1\ oljJLSlI Jyj i iJliJI
j^LidJ ilUll iiUJI ^ i-^NI jli liij t Lfw J-i
J, £j Jl jvi; ^1^/1 dL-tll jlT liji ^1^/1
iU j> vj^ 1 jU t ^L^l ^jijiJiS/l ,>lS3l
. jololl jl-liij jVi/l «lJi>ulj ^y^
ana. normlessness
anonymity anonymat i-UiJl t j-Asl' ?'•'•'!
. (^j^l i^s-lj' j* UJ^ *Jj5Jj V-lJ t>* ,5 " u ^ -^ 'j^
■jt i^jiJIj j_>«-iJI Jj> JpUJI *»Ji»j j>f«Jr' l* :!r ^ > *'
Nj vi ji>NI ^l>^ Ul^l Ji~ N ^ JO^'UpI
j JS* <u ^- jl *ia^Jb l-b»-l jl CJjJI Olj ^J ^**i
antagonism antagonisme
> ^ j" >
^Ul i tU»Jl . aaj^omJI
i^i jl L^a>w» Oj>j -iij
(j>^ uy.
.b-U. iJ^U
j^j j^J tljull «>-j; Ji_j t jJUiU 4_UjJI yblkil jb-l _y»_j
■ ~£j>- J 1 »j^» J 1
antagonistic cooperation , > , ,.
»uimI iijvi
cooperation antagoniste > v
. iJjliil JsjAI Jl J^l
antecedent antecedent jJUl c JiQl
iIjIj — >-NI j_>i»J »!-?- j^ ^j-i' jl <_iL. U JT
)\ jJb^. (^l descendent jK *- S^c-j
anthropocentrism anthropocentrisme
J ijf^l iLi>JI _y» jLJNI jl tfjj tsiil skf'NI
. cS>-NI jSli^JI ^>j- *JI ZyZ) Oj53l
anthropogenesis anthropogenese
J iT^ll 5ji!l jl t^jj jLfl kik.jJji J^J jlj;>JI
ii» Jii-j Ji-^ 1 ^t^^ 1 J— 11 ^^ oi — ;Vi .yj
^j^iii j^ni y. iitiij i^^ 1 >uni j_^ii
21
anthropogeography anthropogeographie
LT t i*t»-MI oli^UI Jpj jU^fl J* iUJ jojuJI
anthropolatry anthropolatrie jLJ^I sjLp
. j}UI j. jJT j ^jJIj jjl^yll
anthropologism anthropologisme JLJ^I ixil
UJ j-JCj i«Ja)l j-Ui Je.i ojL^l jUy JI *)^U
JL_dl j_^l J,li. J i^JaJlj jL'VI iU^j JI
anthropology anthropologie l^".^.^'^
j i^a^xkdl «^UJI j^ tt-y^r «i*!l IJl* j^ t j^ 3
anthropology, applied
anthropologie appliquee 4;j,,h7ll CrjJj»jj3'}|l
jjui j-u^i iji^ jf. ^j, i y s - ) ^ j j.
ANTHROPOLOGY, SYNTHETIC
anthropology, cultural
anthropologie culturelle
4jUi!l U>^jjw^l
4 — iLJJ J ^i^. <^jLa>- jSlSo jl—i^/l ^y;
ilblpj l}'-^' OLJ^fl Olilil i_ik»«^ J tl^>«-a
• IjM J
anthropology, functional social
anthropologie socia-fonctionnelle
^l^^l .Ul ^JUU" Jp J«; Jilj OU)flj ,JiJI
OLS'j <J-L>-j
-I,
anthropology, physical
anthropologie physique '£hx&\ ^rj^y.Jj^^
it y. . all JS«*l>lj lJ\c-Jt' fr ^J^ ^ij*^J i~.ljX ^sj
^j^l J,^ ^.jUll j>dl ^J jUI ^>U
. iikiw i^ O^SUj oM">L- Jl ^-l^S/l »UJU1I
anthropology, social
anthropologie sociale i^U^r^\ &rJjijjS % i\
l,j j^Ji; (^ill Uj^k; j« yijjl J»-ljLl J iJl— i^l
Js-ljll jjl J*i; M ^ . «-UI 50j-j J*l& rr^j;
. ulu>J.I o A* jX j \~£ j) \jj^J jS"5fl
. iilidl Ls-^J^MI J. Ujs- U J»- Jl j;jjj
anthropology, synthetic
anthropologie synthetique *~£j&\ ^rj^y.jj^^
ijUlSj a^laj jkj ji Jjl*u Ls-^j. jjoMI j^ frji
ANTHROPOMETRY
22
anthropometry anthropometrie
... ^ji »jji i»
ana. somatology
anthropometry, applied
anthropometrie appliquee i r ^dii\ £pxi
J* ^j^\ } IpjUL jj^ll ^U-iSlI ^r-ili- JW
anthropomorphism anthropomorphisme
ol*J)fU <ui3l
U-»j- »Li^U jj-Li* jLJVI ji 7«lkvJil li,- J-a4j
olg.,^) 4. : ..., v Jl ju»- ^1 auI oLL^> OUjI *u ' t i'*> US'
jyJt JjUu >_»x. JT Jp jlk, liliOT . jl_J)|1
anti-colonialism anti-colonialisme
JjjJI ,j*l>- f>iJ jUjtU-Nl ,j<iAtJ J3I iS'jjJI
Sa**dl oUNjIIj ojjS/l JjAil j^u Ij-jU" Jll iJlSlj
antidiscrimination antidiscrimination
JUoii^AJ siLail ic-JiJl
J* l^ 1 ^ ^ J ^-^ '-*■ J^' ^ f jU; ^' ^'
(j_ji»JI Ails' j ir^-j SIjLJlI je- «*l_LJj i!"}LJI vl— >-
antilabour antiouvner ajUJI isjsjl i^>jU»
oUJI iS'^lj JU«JI ?JUa* -Ui J^*- j 1 »'^-J i^l
iisiyi ».u y I,- J^jJJ O^UJI JUjJI SUudl JjJ ..US'
antinomy antinomie ^^JUI
• • ■ jJ 1 iij' j^J Jj' ' ■ 5 J a ^' J^-> J > W/ '
cf. antagonism
antipathy antipathie i^
j>T u ai*JS- J>^> SJkjJLill 4J»ljfil jl i._^a^JI ^
. *\jji\ j\ u>j\A\ js- ^>\i — ;Ni j» *ioii ji>Mi jv
sympathy <J«i»Ual : JiJl
antisocial antisocial £*»«1! iUatl
SjUII ^Url Jlij . U> jtj>JIj i^l^-Ml uy'^'j
.ui diL; Jil «-L^JJ antisocial group ^^Ul
V- *Jf cS* J 11 -^^' V"^"^ 1 5a> ■-> i, ^^^-^
antithesis antithese ^jpoll ^li ^ £Mb\ lJ aJu
anxiety anxiete jull
jUJI jj^j aij t ^-jU- J^- Ja>- gji ^ if
, >' < %
anxiety neurosis jUa>JI jl "-j^aill Jul IS* U^^*
anxiety hysteria ilsiill Li^ji-Alj
23
apartheid apartheid
^»- J iJ^UI ^Lif^i i_-L.Sll jftliill Jb-i
. 4-UjJIj i^y\ji\ l^-IjJI J*
APPORTIONMENT
tjjj£jb\ 43ytJI a posteriori a posteriori J*-">U I jl ^.AaJI ■_ ^"
IfJp 4. '..11 jl ij>«dl -Uj iUa^J.1 Sijoll Ac- Jjj
aphasia apnasie
- \>JH
iUsJ >___. Ij^ii _,) iiill .la>w-l Jp SjJill jlaij
«. W!l j^i »-Ip «JU- J L.T i_^ j^- oij t jj.1 J
J! iJil ^1^.1 h. Head ^.-jijjJl (lUil ~J oij
i- — <wa; i^_>- verbal aphasia UiiUI J »JI - i
. ">tix* la till ^—fj l)jHij
•(^-i ii_^ nominal aphasia ij-^l i^dl - ,_,
. Jr ^l j. U^j oU£)l
j»«j d_s- syntactic aphasia ij»JI J >JI — _>.
iLJ4 Uu « -j- oLi£JI >— •O jp ^ jll
j»«u <i_>- semantic aphasia iJN-dl i_^>JI - j
iLai^. oLl£jl -^j Ac- \ji\i jlT j^> JScil
. oy ./tall OljL*Jl jl
apathy apathie ^^1 j^ - ^Li-^l iaȣ
jl 4_il»w.NI Jp 5jJL_i!l ^0_w jj^S i_ij iiU-
y <-ly- ^ U < _^ill - •% t uij^ vMjS'NI
. y^ J\ Ac U v-rS^-; Vj ilJb-l
apostasy apostasie gj^jl
jyj.1 JpJ^ja priori JjS/ljl j^l ^_— SlliLLij
•IjSx-.^! jjl^. jkil J ^o-Jl JYai-NIj .
.deductionkL^AJ jjl^. Ciii JV-tL-^lj. induction
apotheosis apotheose aJUI
deification : jkJl
apperception aperception jj?P' ^b^ 1
j i>wiijii jiSoS/u i jj^i *JjSii jsiisji ijijji
tendentious Jj«aill jkpl iJlji^l Jli j jj«^JI Jb?
4_U Jac J jjliJ.1 iUll J^i" iijbo. apperception
. JaJLJI Jl Jil
application demande ^jUJ^I t *_Jyi
Jp Jj-^jjJI j v— tjj /^ *; »-U^ (^iJl 1 Ik! I jA
oij . applicant J-Jl JUxJNl jl SjpLJ.1 jl i.JbJI
U- <U-Uj _jl _i»L>Jl 4j^L-b ^^kll jiP^-> ^— Jlkll *ai
.application blan* or formOli ojL^Ll } '\ r>J"
4 -LkJI oLjLj /^* ^4>«JI iLLi* ^c ..." iLLi*
• application interview
appointment nomination J^ei' ' <J»j3t
Oj^iil 0[h^* -k^y-* (J^ *^ J - ^^ *— "k^l LjUjI
til ji 5UJ.I Sjbl j. <!U± f jt>UI ^.Sll jj-U» ^3
. Jak^LI l^ JsJl~- |_^ll
apportionment allocation ^uai*^ jA-«~
iuLJl OuJ>l j ^ju ta . U A>jJ y* h i^"' 1 ^1 4*LhjJI
1 Sl jr ^)l «v— p ^u jji jl iikixil jkliil jl^L- jo«J Usj
jl iibixil i**^Svj»JI oL. *y\\ Ac- iJj-OI t^jbjUa* j~jy
\fi iTJUil i>-j J j' C-ijll «» Jij U aJ_j1_1I jujjJ
APPREHENSION
apprehension comprehension
*»3?l
i_..5'.:ll j I kloxJI Li (_jl Ijji J^avu »^i)l IJL» jl
. ( v^ Ju^ L>L>- <J <0jJ^a iiL« Cj>\ j^- jl oIjUI
CJ^'
apprentice apprenti
4>cJ** J^Lo* 4JI -il jl 4jjl.il
. 4pLw9 jl 4^* jl Vj>-
apprenticeship apprentissage i^L^JI SJuJUll
Ji>"0* °j*H £UvaJI j;j& J' i-»-V. f 1 ^
approach approche j^i\ it f/&\ »\^\
l j£ji\ oU'VI C^JI ~*L. J ~lk*ail IJL- JL»ai
Lp^5^« flUxJ jl IjLft jj>o ^3j . U Oli y* j\ f yj?yk ±>*j
i— »J— ai-' j* l-»-u jj^.j objective approach
U_jli si jkjMI jjSo J »j t j^H jl iwa»»ill
4_>JLv»JlIi Ql. jj^jj subjective approach
. J*>*JI jl "UsA>«jJI
approbation approbation
jjJUaiill
L™» Jjl ikL: 4J »_ji *lj>-l U- Up iUu ia»l_^
appropriation appropriation - frl,f t _ \
. i^« 5j5 j!^>- jliJMl o_j»-j j< *>-j j£J (j** jiL*
sjUjJI .Ol^l- Y
L.1 . t£Lc" J <il)L. 4) ^ J_^ Jp J_^_; ji J^JI
L^Jp jJI »^_j j I l$£lc" jjjt t& ipjjjll ^ t^lj^l
■ ^y& u> o^-^. Ml
24
approval, social consentement social
• ^/UarMI J-^l
social approval : Jil\
aptitude aptitude dlJab/lll
jjyJI Ji lij SjJiiil jl i_US3l j» i»-jj JJ Jj«9j!l
J ~UJI J^ iiijdl ip^-JI 4>Ij jljl»iL*MI <^>JV US'
aptitude tests jljJcliMI cJ\jd>-\
arbitrary tendency tendance arbitraire
jS^Jj JiJ! Jp UJli ji L'ly, jL^MI OjSL aij
iliCl JP o^rfli i;P_^ijll (j>*ljJI 7>>J »jy»-MI illsJI J
■ jl^ll
Ulk* iULJI i_jU J -SUJI IJl» jj^j aij t (jniljill
. <Cot* Jj-V^- (J ^1 l^r**' -?l
UJ» lijlji jS>J i lij 4-K»>J i«jSs>JI ikl— JjSoj
^jC^ti -UiiJ ji j^u-wUJ
arbitration arbitrage *-£^cJl
j^Uai jli>JI Up ^^ dJU u>> J| «UJNI
.IjjU»-I jl Li jLitljj^j at J-^jJI olpjL. J -SoJIj
»j:_ _^j JS'liLI j* j-& U-">Lp ^>JI T^.J
t^^-Lsd! jSI — >■ -^ Up ^jk' ■ Lc L^»JI \p tja^il
i»LiJI ,^-lji j;-. J JitAill ^^JlI t-jNi US' . JJI
. ^LU-NI ^*>UJI jLil i»U iL-j _^i »i jaj
25
ARITHMETIC MEAN
archaeology archeologie jti^l Jf
jw oir j)i jiji sjjJl i^-ijjj .jiiT, ^Aiii ouvi
oUUdJ i-ljjo jL'^l ,U »y,j iy&l o^JI J
V^!l .LiShj ijUJil Jl/yij oIjjS/Ij JLllT iJUiJI
archaism archa'i'sme £wu£ll £U*j^l
oitL^jj i*^i_, uiiJi jiy-^i v. ^-^
i-JI-b Ls-^y&j ^jyji ^1^1 ~k^ j^ } ijljjl
Jj-b>ol ^yj jjial y jyjj 4?*^' _>' 4~J_> Ol-li**}
. misoneism
archetype archetype ^j^l _,! J^SlI jl>Jl
JjSlI ^.jb!l J&JI y jl . ^ i Jy * ylyill j.
> t o'JJI jo^jl y ^1 ^ j J^Sfl jljkilj . U,
y iT^ ^1 je. j^c } ,%-MI J jyjl U-uUj
area region s fy 'yx
ay* yLa^V "A^ jytj Ji) 1U.I ojJj^. i^L_.
4_.!»iJi )\ administrative area IsjbVl JaliJlT
uy J^j-»* *-fy. jL^ j 1 service area
ola^i ;b ji dwelling area j£_!i iSkLr
il_£jl L-,1^ JJI «JaIiir i_~
distressed area o_,lj£jl l,.^ j!l J'st.'li _,!
oL-l_,jJJ area studies £jl oL.ljj Jlij
iiUaiVlj i*t»-Vl lily-lj ^_WI
cf. cultural area
area sample sondage areolaire tg-\A\ Oi
. OUjJI jU>-l jy> (_jaj-l
l>; oLJI jL^V ii/lll yJL,S!l .lji^.1 o^UI
Aj jn^ai) <u*-i^« ijlyj*- OL>-L** [J 41*xJI Ol-L>-J jLijJ J
3j0*dl J*-'j^l i-jy-l f LjL klllij i»<M jtU j ii_>JI
.multi-stage sampling iuJl jL^-V
OLy-Jkl /^« l-U S^JLo* oLy-*« ^p jL^>-VI ^oj
ULs-l i-JI oJla Jp jUsjj i^.UJI oLy_ll JI i.WI
tjlai i;»-U.I i-Jl ji cluster sampling ouli«3l Us-
L^xjt S^Ju^ "C*»; 4* — i* Ol>L«t J-^ J' *-J*-^ l^'V
. iihixil oU-Lli rs i-JI Oby« jL^>-^ l,l : ^.f"
argument argument JJjJI
Will !■>,«' i 4jij t 4-Juj )\ yl OLjl <b jl y U
Si-L. Jp iiV-OJ argumentation o-liJ Jlij
. l|** S.iUl~-Vlj rt>*^JI *j-UJ iiy> ^a
s, •'. *
aristocracy aristocratie Ge\Jt^Ji\
5jIp ^>yj' Jllj iJUl ilyll Ob i^l^-^l UJail
jL^-l As^y Vj^H Jr*-^J " ^'W Cr^~^ B ^^ l^' V"^
Ul^-VI JlU.1 j Ij-'iL-j . — '-i^it l$Ty~;j •mAmJlI
p~Jy JJ ly^>j Ji-^' OUtVI j> uyc^j i i_»L — !lj
si* Oyi*l «j i'ljjil J;y> j.t «^J>J.I J »*jjij
AjpI^-NI OUJJI jlj^lj v''y* Jj* j'j j ^'j • Jly.1
. t5 >-^
arithmetic mean moyenne arithmetique
Uj~A**JJ) <*~*J>j*u\ Olyjull /^« -aUol ^lijjj . U APt^jf
Jj-».< i; 4Jl ^^X iJ^sV 4P_j^>til JilT <k-.y« i»J ( U-
Oljyll ^J ^yaiJI ^ Oljyll ,yi*J (J o^Ljll J^Uj
jji O^UJI ^yuu J ^>J-JI yl J^"j i iSj*-^
■ iSS-V
J
ARMISTICE
armistice armistice
4U4JI
jl "Cot* o-d jl ^yw jl>^ (ji*o ^ J-A>tJ J»j ii^adl
. iJljuJI JUpS/I
army armee tr^ 1
jjj J-*£jj . Oi-tjJ.1 *1JU Ijj- *iJ0j Vr^'j' **t>U
ifrjy&bj iaUaVlj i-LJI ,^-lyJl; JijJrl jT>j
. SJJUI
art art ~/&\
JUll Ji_, ^itijjij olTjjdi jp JUi ^Ji
iwJl j^ ^iil J^JI j,> jp j,_j^i\ Jl ^uilj
jj*J\>. *- : *f jl JjUxJ ip^l>-l i*^b o^ftlb iAj
jr ^n jjlj jii Sj^ii ,> jo; ur suji >j ^
•-jjVIj Ji-jJ! fine arts *C*i-l j_^i)l Jlij
^JlTcombined artsd'jil j_^l_, ij^Il j^iilj
^JIT applied arts oJ* 31 j>i)lj I^jS/Ij r^-llj
sociology of art 'jiil fUi-l JU : Jii\
artifact objet ou produit ouvreijlull olpjiill
o^i v oc J\j 5jLfrC_ jUVl l**~^_ jil .Li^l
J til* jOUa^/l Ij* fOi^-jj . iilil 4»li!l _^Up.
. jiriii >
artificer artisan
cf. artisan
j*lll «JUaIl
26
artisan artisan *Jl_aJl t iJy>Jl y^-Uj
/ja jj*~0 j-u- <ojl*oj <oL«>J 1 _t* jij l^j-^ ^w?
ana. craftsman
ascendancy ascendant, suprematie
^ ^ j iti t oibmJi — ^
J^ill lift jjSL. Oij jS'Jil jl ^j^'j 3_j5JI J j^iJI
ana. ascension
social ascension ^*Ui-Vl j^li : Jil
submission 9-jJv*l\
asceticism ascetisme u >>a-i i < i , »i ... r -l i tOAjil
l _ r ~iJI »'ylj «—^-l , - J '^r" *;j^* J /Jy j.l'.j!
U \j£ } . olJUl jK;ij V'W-ls-j SUJI vJ 11 " -^J
Jj^a>JI <> Jj^aill JjS^j jl ^jJ abf I *>*^j -Ujll Oj^j
Jp (i JlAjll » ^y^,\ Jlla; iUiT . JljJI Jl53l Jp
IA_»- ^Nlj Olill ^-^ M ^iil J^U-Sfl v*Jll
a- — =J1 oIpjJIj SJl_^»JI j5l_^>il fLi' 0* u^'j".J
. ixJailj
ascription - achievement
attribution - achevement
iitdlj ,Ja<»ll • v-.....'^llj w)^-iil
iJbJLI sjTjl . lit (^1 i U Jiiy J jy)l yi i jUj
v_jrij)i j- jit ijj ijj ^- g3i ysLiii ^ oJl«j ^>-i
«ijj jl Jjub 11 lit jl 4^ai«JJ lib L y»ti!l *ULi«
^ailj <di-ij tsiil fj~U lit Jyll XLtl« Oli J ^j
27
ijaijil jlS" j)j ^9- i \y~^-> Oy^>_ tjwi.1 ijujil j^M V
. v. — ~£^ Cay <jp " i J^ Cr
aspiration, level of niveau d'aspiration
iyi\ *o»j^_ '^ (^1 Jl jU-i »Jk^ill Ia» »j>»^o jl
. Uj^t 4/L>- J Jyiil (_A»y: jl 4jli 7-j^Jail
assemblaqes
rassemblements, attroupements
jc £lijJlj tsljll JjU ( _ r iJI (n ^i«, „ jli-l Jp jjill
^«;j . **\* jTW J iliij . iww -JLx jl jlSsil
.manifestations oly>Uiilj corteges <_TI_jIl
assembly assemblee iU!l fUar^l
iUa; Oa-lj jISC J ^Ul j< Jis jji- oOp »Ufc)l
OU^VI; . ._JU!I J 4~,l~- JSU: .(^jOU 0jj £i.
popular assembliesXJi oUUi-iy-* •■** J^U*
W" u^iJ political assemblies «^»Q» oULVlj
*^-!j general assembly iilill i^li-lT jj^uJI
U.jUipl^.-i *V> ^jconstituentassembly i__-'ui
assembly line travail a la chaine f-*^' ■&
p-j 4i jk, JUJIj jIjIIj oljuilj oVVI < jjj
J^- l5>' J! *^- 0* ^^ -*-" J cSj 1 ^ 1 £_^
ASSISTANCE
4>ui iJj^x^' ij-; 4;ISC* j L5 io if ij t ^>-T Jl diisC>
aJ>-jLI Jl Ji^i ejji Jo ^ l,j Jwu ^1 tlj^VI
•j j,«j ( 1-iSvAj iJ">L.lj o">UU- (Jp iiLw jjkj iJtol
assent assentiment
cf. accordance
assimilation assimilation
iali^i
jU^^I cjiu3l
^Uj (^pLi» J oltLoLlj jljiVI JJlf" - \
# • ^ e
c L^aj «^^Aj 45 Loj jjLa T .i tiJJJb j (.juSol I j»^- (V ^jIaaIj
•okj_^_j to^»-lj U-^; iillixll iioUll pl_yVI /,• Oyy^j )
unilateral assimilation »UjV> c^W Jilf Jlij
l r .L_^' > i/ i>^j U if-LJL ijj^il iJUUll oJL>-_jJI »U^-I (^1
.L^f'VI JL_J JJCJj iLiu-Ll *_eULI iiLoiJ jjSCil
ic-L^I «U5 jifv*;! tsl bilateral assimilation
jj^bj iJjVI Lf-'lj-J Lf-'laJjij iLi_II JpUJ^Ij i»JliJl
,jp O^koj jSCill l^ »_ ? i iJup (j-jiJI «-U- J — T
>jb\ »_^ ; J)l SJuJI j\ oLdl y.1^1 ^ ^Uil -oliJI
. iiUI
OLbkil Jl tiLidkl ^ JliiVI (( j — '~* » 4; -Uai J
. i.UJI Jl ^S^t^VI J< J_pxdl (I ooW )) *; oUai It-;
assimilative projection i^^r-»' J»L«L.I Jlij
social assimilation ^U^-VI JJUI : Ja\
d°yi\ 4 5a*Lll
assistance assistance
&i\ j| monetary ^| olU)fl I,. jj^iiLI
S ;l i-^l J^^-j'j j^L^^JJ »oi JJI in kind
4iU» ^»*j a~ eligibility of assistance
recipient of iJU-VI j< Jt-iu-il J-a>^j ^JUj
ASSISTANCE, PUBLIC SOCIAL
oil — e-y\ l _ r _ i U_L Ui iU-NI Jf- assistance
J* jli*!_> scale of assistance allowance
itl_«!l S-U-Lll JJjjJI Jijk jf- Ol-uLJJ »j-li' J-Up
Jf. ^JJaviil la— » jiiaj LT public assistance
. iUJl U» jp JJjUtl JuAl
assistance fund J-ullll JoU* SjU- jUay
JLwJI ji Jikidl oUdl ijbl l^LiJ Jil joUJI Jp
OjljSOl Jlj»-l J JU«il oIjpU. *j-^ up^l
... jjl 5Uj!lj ^jllT JiLUI
assistance, public social
assistance sociale publique
oIopLAI <jjSj Ja_> . SopUUJ j^-bJ.1 ^U^itjU JjjjJI
. i jt-i OUij jlp ^1 iJ&-\j J*»j y J.-LiJI
assistance, technical assistance
technique ££ali jjiuil
OLAI j I itJidl JjjJI l$»A* ^1 S-UULI ^
jl tljjiJlj U-l» Jjjk jp iilidil JjjJI Jl 4-ljjil
assistance schemes systemes d assistance
JsLjl jl olS'lj^il «ij o>i iv^U- ^>)^ SJpI JJ
association association iLQl t i»Ml - ^
JjIjaI *)_, illjli^L o_^ip v ...^j ^e-j Jij-
^11 iJljJI iaJJI oli OLU^VIj JLLdl oVUvVI
. cj_jli JUvVi jj# jp ok£
associative processesJi>L;_,NI OI.L...H t Jlij
. Ji£/tfi_, joi«ii_, jjudir
28
uru'j»lt jjfi correlation -kLjNl i-lj J -^-p
^a>J^\ J :>- ijy Ji!>U)l liDi JL« t jljjl Ji">U Uij
association, voluntary
association benevole
*a\>u*\ 5-lP /^« 4J4js-* 4jjuX>-
ijU^I iJadl
SjIjNIj ij^JI ^>)jS-) »JIJ*MI J-*»i (^-L- 1 r^
association of ideas association des
idees
^j laws of association ^l-^ 1 uy^j JLij
UT . ' jL-j!lj ol&l J p^lj ajUJIj jUJI u;ilj»
free association* ^^Jl ^ , -^ 1 » ^5-^' Jr^" J J^.
X, j>- tiyj iJLiJI <oljJli JJa~* J>iN i)_jU^ Jp Jjjj
JUL. l<o- *>c:_j 4 >>-l JJ fj^y J" °j\£j^ J^"
associationism associationnisme^Jij^ll ^lill
Jajl^l ia-^SJ Ij-'l ^ JJiJI 5L>JI ^.-a. (^JJI . »jll
. J.U^l-.NIj j&\ Jy j\ jISjNIj ^Lo-NI ^ fji (^iil
0>-l_j jjJli Jl l^JS' K>rj ls^'-^ 1 u^'y J' tSji \~£
^-iJI Jp J j^UII IJOk <L^I jlj t jlJSMI jjili j*
. djuuii jj*. j j.uii j^ibLi j_yi» j^lr
J">UUl j>' Jil OL_>JI J»;lj3l ,_J»Jll Jjlij
29
assumption hypothese j>°j&\
4»-»-o J» Ji-Cj jl d^UI JjUjj .j 1 —^ /w»^*
~ : gk t» ^J>" O^lkj tjAJxk j£s_j
■ ^ -C—^" j' <i»v il£il OLU-I jUil Jp s _lpLJ
L-V ^Ul »■** s-'j' i> ^^l -^L^" - V
■ ^I'Ljl a-i» J-^-J *L\ji oJ_i" i^JL- ii^kjj i.;u-.
•owsjj *i?*j JU Jj_ji»j Jp Oj-UI opLj - V
jl l ^widl jl ^.O^JI J,^ JP 1 >J>"
'— ^ J')^
LjU-
-jj^*j J *— °^; ^^ f
Uj »ljl>*X.-l>
. Jkll gzJi\ J,> JP jl
astrology astrologie *-^'
il'Ull ijlkJl Jp JLOuj cj ii^w J* y,
_^ju lo»- ^_j» jUp _,aj ( jLj^fl jjLi J «,>JI jjjb
J~*il pJ j? — II j ifjiJI *U_£jl ^^ tkb^. J»-jJI
ji JLij . ^jjji jjjb V- j^r «Vjli cJj oiji
j» ,j»i^JI SjVj CJj JywaJI 3U J j,JI ji Jjdl
L/ iJ A^yuj t ^ySl *sU«i*l tiO.j Aais iO»u ^jjl
asylum asile hospice
Ull
jl&l <u il y _j . *JI JjOUI «_i j,i ^-jjl jl&l y,
.ijiiji ji s>ji ji »bS/i ju>S/i <ji Ujl ^jji
J»\j*\ ij\ right of asylum *j>UJI j»- Jlij
iL^Jl »^Jlj j^Ul J^j j>. J; jj»j i_j^JI jl j_jiljjjl
ATOMIC METHOD
jl iw-lJIj i_-LJl .-jMjU.^yi j, jijtill ilji^i
atavism atavisme il-uV^l
jj^k. <_U- J-u_jj . Jj">L-MI jl^t Jl f-j»-j
Uj_^ii ->j«ij ■ «i— aiiLi <U«U- oJ^J.1 ii^aJI jj^j UL>-lj
ijufi jj^Ji V^j oULf'l -uUjj . JL>-I isc Jm
itLJ^I jl ( _ / ~Jrl diiJJ i~JL Siti jjSo -l» i^>w
jlJJjMI j — ij .^ajjw JL. Lj — Jr i; — JIj i^U- If^Jj
iiyS A^_j iSljjII J « J-U« )) ijjilji ^l-l (J*- SjU
^J-JI jyiil Olw OiO^ J) I Oljjll J^ljJI ^v «JU
■ u^J^ 1
J">U»I _,» jlx'jVI 4 LS ~iJI J?l>JI i-j-l. Jj
. ijjjill ^Ij-UJ dliJI
atheism atheisme *ajJ^I jl§2j t il?J*il
J^b u*^* «!i Jj»-j jlSJi ji ill yji jj»-j jiSJJ
j^xJI ( « r ^- iUJNI u^ij; vLUoT . Uj-i jiTi Jj^l
. -ill ij>.j j> JJaJl J jj^Soli yi xi_, Jll
5^ j_,kJ Ljly jUJ^/I jjw j^L; jj^, jVSC. j!
jJi J JJ-I^Jil J Op ^JT y_*i«dl ilj UKi t^_^a«JI
ana. paganism
athletics athletique ^j^ll ^Ull
^LiJI JP ^1 J^, l^ibi J;> ^P ^|| ^^1
J-jjk JP IjJIp iaiUu j JI^'VI Jp ijJillj SjLjilj
iiyill i_itil JjOf. kill i j iJidl i*jUllj <_jjjdl
. ^pU^I ji
sports ir-»kj '— ''«" : j^'
atomic method methode atomiquetSjJJl j^l
k__S"y J ijyiil »J»-jJI jA jL-JVI jyju ^jll ^11
JjLdl jyUlj Oloj-jll s_L» i^ljjj »jij <«->J*>«il
Gestalt cJJai^l k_j» Jl. ,_,-£*• j»j t L^
ATOMISM
atomism atomisme
S*
Ul
J>
-L.NI y= II
3»- ait jT-^ ^ J^
5>1^MI JlP J ijill ijjkJI 1 Jj<JJ tiJLi-JJ iJLpI
OLUJI; (JiJIj OlpU^LT i^t^MI ybl^l iilT j!
fj~^l Jic UjUpL, tJU; jl <_j£ tiilillj -up^NI
U^U J\ JUiS/1 jj& jj ^j uljiSfl JUiSl <j£ll
J i«Ji«iJ.I i-.L^I ijj^ijl Ol-b-_jJI ^ jljiNI
. l^ *>t=rNI ybULiJI Ji~-
social atom : Ji;\
atomization atomisation C .il l
j\ . SjJU j\ ijJi\ J ipU^I ^\jj M*J\
la,\j)\ a» J^Uil ibj.j i J/^l ~IUI Ob oIpUM
J>Jij 4_<j^-l jl ^^^ v-t^-^/l Otf!>UI C->*~s*»l US'
atonement expiation jyi^ 1
uJL,. JUai US' t i )-iil jLjNIj -ill Jy_ 3Jj*>\
expiation : ^li'l
attention attention
sU'tfl
»U«pI jLj ^rJiMI_j l jc_*JI ^ JiUJI *lj»-[ y
i. <Ua>- jL>- tfl» U Li ^jU*X-jl * r*l) T-UJ ^^ -Ha^JI
spontaneous attentionL'Ul; j£\ j» a L^lj
y>_> voluntary attention i^pljMM oLJ^/lj . yilll
JuJbll ol~JLT £^ «JI J_c_ N .^J jL_J)!l aLJl
attitude attitude
elkrtl
ii£j ( a— iJlj ,y»a*JI i__»LJl )\ jlJL»w-MI J^ *)L>-
aJt» jjS ^11 .JaiULIj Olp_j^i_yll *~«Jr ■*>•" i»U^u»l ,Jp
30
Ji US' iJu ji oUJ JjSJ Ji oULfNIj . iUi-NI
.cf. social attitude v-ji jl **\* <Jjfc
attitude scales echelles des attitudes
ol»l>J)ll j~J&*
-: l=» 1 >~J Jl oULf'NI ^Li ^_JU -_iJ
OljLJI ^y jJip j* oj&j ti-k«l!l < _ J — ~j Lii-1 - ^
^ k_ikj Ul-u, Lj-'JLi ii-s- j* Jslai ( oIoj-_j1I )
^» JL, j I i5il_jlL tlj^ Lj^" iii_ya J-l^J jl 0_j>xJ.I
jl (Jiilll er^ 1 V-* Jj^~: ij" oIjLjJI J i^.j
Jl ^yl i^-y oLf'MI Jjw jr>"ii«i Jsil^ Jif.
j>- Jailjil o-L» J ^A»s 4ki jl jS0:_ L. ^-SUj'j «il_jll
. j>JJ Jji^JI sLf' - ^ tilk. Jiilll »Lf Ml JjSL
projective techniques .Q>liu.Nl ^-JUMI - Y
^ji jjiil -kJ jl j^ljSMI ,^-L-l Jp t^l ,^-iJI
otwl Jp .LJI 4Tlj.il Jp JJj *UI J-^^ j* J**^
Cii\jH iy&\ 4»-lj; If' l, ^JU^/I oJl» jj^J lalj .*1
a-L» jaX; ^ij iuL> e.3-U^* OLUfcU«l yy *ui*Lc-
»i jU->-l J US' 4>wil_j j^ ijj* je- 5jLp Juiljil
. _^\\ ^.ijdi jU^-i j ur ivaii;
attribute attribut 4I4II • iiWI
J iij^^" jl izyry Jj^sJ ,J)I SjAI _jl ti-JI
. t _ p ~ill «-,_giJI jl l _ r a>*J^i\
attribution « J»j«JI » ^">Ua^.l jkil J »-^^~ij
j\ i&j- J ^ *iUJ[ t^l *^i!l Jp «^iJI J-*- JLiJ
•J Jli -tip «_a5oJ.lj (( Jj-^J.1 I) "J Jli fj^'^'' "Jj*
audience audience jjOaIHi j^*r
31
J iUu-l ^JUil J i3U ^j ju*JI jijii Ji y 'jli
. J^lj ilLiJI oVb- J VI jUII obf'Vl
audience analysis ,j;a*Uil j^^li JJk; Jli j
_jl ol-jUJ Jki ^oaUII iUu-.! ij»_k oljj ,^1
. ilc-jJI
audiovisual aids
moyens audiovisuels *tj^?^j &will Olu«ll
.ui>jir ^.jodij ^i j r oi^_j jji jjujii ^
^U!l l^^_ JJI jj^JIj i^-JI ^Sllj jy^\,
Ji-f' J* -** 1 — ' *^-~>- °j^JI olej^JLI Jl*; J JJLyil
augur augure isf^JI t il^Jl
^jl_^JL jL^NIj t4 ^^ jiiT, ^i Uik.
^ jL u £>u*-.i jftisaj ^j^j t i^aij <u-.„.u
ana. divination
austerity austerite
,«1 II <> JUiVI SjLj J.J J»I^,VI j, JbJI JI
^bVl ii*U. Jp J^JI_, >i^i j^-j ;ir-^^,Vl
<tj>- j^ ji j^ui v. r^ ^ju^i i*j^ r^ur tijjjj
AUTHORITY, ADMINISTRATIVE
autarcie '^Qji .u^i - Y
^ Objljil JjJlwJ JJ jJjOJI oUfl liJU-L I ,-1^
J»« J>J ijUil oIpUJI «^Jj ir^^VI «LJI
\JX J^^jiJliJI jj^l Jp j^VI r 5jj>Ul «LJI
.autarky iUT LIIp i jJ&Vl J^J.1
authenticity authenticity i»waJl t *JU?VI
cjl authentic document ix'j iiJjJlij *^j<e
uJliC tjUS^ ,j<a>»i jl fl* oJ= , > 4 V v —~ri tS^ ^*J^'
tiiiij i jLill (^jj j^ oUL" U _jl *jJj (Jp »J U iile
authoritarianism autoritarisme 4J3O1 ic-jjl
a^k : ... jl -US'L" i^>-^J^— «^-Jl 4-^-UI \^ i^Uwb JU<xi
. j^jUJI 1WI Jp ijj»Jit>UI vljJJI ^i<i~ J»li~>l _p»i
authority autorite iisDl
jl-Uslj ^^^iJI J ^J-j^ J>JI _jl V>r^' °J^' ij*
jS'jf 5_>i!l j^ J^-J' I- 1 * Jv/.J -u*" ("^-^r J y*'j^"
*J \AJ iVs-J* AJL^>y ^»^>xil frU<apl aUij t j^pI^-I
. 4jljl ij ^j^'J Ij 4Jl^>"*^ Oy^js^-
3j>-j »-U jl *kl U Jsyil 'j~> j^ J*- ' 'j^.J
abuse of iLILli jul£-l «Ci l^i—jUr J*- sjjjii ilij
^jIluLl ol/VI IJLf- .Jwiii j^J^ jUajjauthority
SjilL ^r-UI Jp «iU ^yi ^-iJI _j*j authoritarian
"j! ^
Uj
social authority ilplli-VI ilal-JI : $u\
authority, administrative
autorite administrative
Zjfp *laL!l
autarchy autarcie
3° ail ioici- *j* jyi " ^• uj ~ j - °j^y ] -> (C^ 1 j'-^ j ii^ 1 - 11
ti"j 03-lj ^/li^i If-lj J> »ji ^11 i._,SUJI
ana. absolutism & autocracy
)Iju*Ij ^!>j^}\ J j^JI <J JyT
. r ljvl
line authority i'JLij iLL : l^ «.|jjl Jp ^j
AUTISM
32
ol^y-jjl ^oi ikL- (£l staff authority *ijL~»J
functional authority ijjij ikL.j
autism autisme iiljki^l t *ij'j£"^"
^jUx; ^11 iJlJiil oULf "VL j_»i 7^iJ' j» f_>i
jjSCidi autistic thinking^ jl^-^l ^ISCiSl Jli_>
daydreams ilii3i »^i-l : ^1*1
autobiography autobiographie
if*> J * -" ■■■ " (^J t ^....a'J t JoOl eLj»- d^r- - ^JJ-b Jj.,rtflll
ou>Ji ?ujl" yt^py >.l..->- *iaJI jl -felftlali "jjaSv i-*1_p
J^— Jlj diaries ^-^jJI <_/■ oljjl jujlj <J»Jt)£.j
ii" ^lijll iljj fjri ^ji \* £/£ ^'journals t/^"
biographical ^v»i«jJI SL>JI *»»-> <j>L.I l,J «^jj
. method
autoconsumption autoconsommation
^'Ijll iM^-?l
^jbL lS aj^]\ iim^jy\ ^tj^. juJ.1 »io»w-i
autocracy autocratie £b\jy}\
tJo-j jJjj Ulk. l5^ -£>« jl autocratic J»\}y\
. itUJ^I \» i=*U_« il jjj *-i ^11 i-«L_JI
i!lfrl J^ sop S/lS^ii Jlkl! pS^JI iioj
' t i ; i *-j dictatorship Cj/t^Jllj oligarchy
.democracy iilyy-iJI
J< ijyjl _jl i*jlt t^j Jt myii As Jj^l jl J aJJail
absolutism : Jai\
autocritic autocritique ^IJill iul
iS'jL- )\ aJU*I j«- Jjiil »j-Uaj (^ill tS'j" y
r-Jt_ \*Xs- alaf'VI lif- i*_^l V 1 ^^" ■^" lj '-'
automation automation
^_J^I J iL.^' jjS^ jl ja~ ^ JU!I jz-^)
Jt i^t^l Js-ljll ry^j mechanization
j-l^MI j^ iyLd LJIj L*i ^»p ^Ja-i_ *)l US' (jl _p«J
i.Jidl U-jJ^I Jl5Lil j, JIJUI jwJI ^Cj
j^iJ (_jl OjJj 4jjJ^ U L»* (U- jyiil Ul,,ti:jjf jb«j ^11
33
AWARD
automatism automatisme
i-SULJl i. 3j\jI\ iS"J^i\ c_alu
4_i Jl^l V ^ L - i ^' , iU^ 1 <ji J>" J" <i>^
. ^jrj^ <A iUw,l M -Jul
autonomy, political autonomie politique
£-£ Ji\ 4JUJI y, i-LJI J J Oil J>Uu-MI
^•^ 1^' <j>^ W—^ V-jJ i (^j. rj» ji *^Uj>- ijj
jp «_, pLi^/i/l y> Uj'UoI j IALjiU-I ^y o*jty
ip_>*>«ll jp £1jI>- »j£j LUvi i^l^ i_>jjli Jl \ r iuu
. S^^JI Ol«L»-MI j
avocation distraction
avoidance relationships
parente evitative
il jji
hobby
>i
L^>
«MI
. 4~i»-l ikL. J>-JJ OjJ Ij^'j* j'-*-^lj If—* |^>- J
a* £> J* W^'j J 1 ^. « J 1 -^ p^ 1 » £lk»»» ^S}
J LU-b ili_. CJlT jlj Jll 5il_JI 5_^iU JjaJI
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jU*MI.> ^lijilj i^jWI i-LJI JJL-. J W ^ i$j^
. hiEiteronomy
autosuggestion autosuggestion
^fjjl .Ijii-Vl < JUil *l~?l
jjp >Jib ^JX^j ; 4~Ju ^ya^iil j^ jJ-sAi *1>tj I
JjUo UXp ljui« ItLj^il 4_jJ ( _ f ai»i)l tlkpl J»jt>
4,..a'.l Jjill iijj jl <£>w» jl <tSy«. j^ J— »>j jl 1 _ r i JJ
. *y .Aaj l*y /j*w>0 4J u
suggestion *l*u)/l : jkl
averages, statistical moyennes statistiques
4'U^ 1 olfe-^l
i-^ Ui^i J)l „2I j, ipj^J. JUa^NI Ja-yll
O*"^ ^ cf* 4 ^—L~^ a -^- fc /i^ 1 * ^*-» ,j^ ajLp yb CtjjC*
jp if-j*>l\ oJU Ij^ SUj I* i lilt jSlc vli*u iJJLc
J -JJI »JA OJ^L" ^iil ol/^l IfZk-lj; uiyj iUj;*-
J*- 4_»li Ij_jJ 4-51-UI OU^>J.I /^ jyS' •iyC
iljil; JUajMl (»-fJ*- f>»*JJ ,_r^v; «"^*i If-'Uoe-l Oli^U-
•^y 1 J*' /^"-j 'O^ 4 ^ cj* "^} (n~rf f^* ii?~**
tioUJI i^jjl 5UJI J t jiH\ »AJ^I ^^i J' il>^l
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jl j-MI ,Jt ,j<iyi; OU^>J.I ( _ r a»j J^!j V^*V ''J 1 '
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i-JJ,-" OUj^JI oJl» jl ^a— iJI JJ^' tUip t^jjj
Jj^ j^ii\ li» j^lj .^jUJlL lijjl J jjijil ^ Jl
jl Jyiil. Jl U-^'Mlj ^V>MI .Up J-j:_j .Jaii
I' j* iiUdl
joking relationship : jfcl
avunculate avunculat ij^jkli iLs
,_/»!>■ f>-:j C^-^/l jrtj JUJI jw i^»l>- iit>U
J til ij, Uxpj njliit Jp <d»U JjS/l ^L UXp
Jjj:^ S^NI j£—j jUi 11 Jli LT tUlkij Jj^l ^,
avuncul clan Jly-Nl 5jlfpj avunculocal i>-jjll
. »ikJi il» *x ^Ji s^oji ^1
award decision arbitrale ȣ*& Jf - >
arbitration awards «S^3i ol£i oijl^'jT ii_^.
1 JL*)Ij J^JI ^U^^jI ^ J^«il olpjL« J jx* ,Jll
Uj-Uu" J I trade union awards ilUJl oljl^iilj
AWARENESS
oU-j-rfi** jLij i£\J\ <uU- Jii—I U ^^-jtJ JUjJI obLi
prime
«ill£l'
»-Y
J_.Li4 JL^U J*^ ^11 incentive awards
. . . ?JI j_^i>JI
awareness conscience ^'j^ 1 'iA?'
consciousness : ja\
axiology axiologie
34
axioms axiomes 'Juil ' ^^i-*? 1
^r-a.'.A.I SyiL' U^-j-^J lS 1 i~-iJI i_il : ^"& j^'j*-
V'jT lsI UkJJ iJjSflj tjk^ jU^. X> *k-lj ^
ijj^» oAe-U 1^1 liiljj "j^- J* t/^^ — ■ jf yy '-V*
j. i_w i)Uu Ukdl i^UJI t£jlAI J; 1 *" J **^
B
baby farming garde d'enfants JutVl i'U»-
■Jii^ .uij t^>fi jim ^ .ijji j^mi j
jl iwiUJI J isj^j liyrf j& I jli iU Lilail
ililp iiJl jjSJ jij JiUI Jp -^ ^.j ob j_^j
babyhood premiere enfance^j^l l\jM\ &.°J,
i_ji jiui y, x* ^j jjSfi 3^1 iu. r
J- J» lOJ oUI iljiU iUyi L.I . ty^f. j, iiltil
bt«.i a^ju ^^^i «y .!_>■ jj ii^>y- i>j ji
■CU-W- jlj*i.l iUjNI lift J Ji& kl_>. 4.1 Jp ur
. i^lwJI jl i;«_i»JI ie-UijII jjjl. jp *ljjlJ SaJaUl
ii~f^« Jl 4; J$~' JillJI S-Uijl -VI i*Uai»l »Jp 4JU- Jj
»^ji j*. V. L*- *^' j«i-j" J» L£" baby farmer
.baby sitter jut^ £J£ jj ^
.bumpingiJS^ ij» je- J*,_ CL^lj.J -jllj Ug*»uiVl
backwardness retrogression ui.fel 1
Ulp J_j>o Jij j*-JI ijijjj J_yJLI oJiJl » n't-
jJtiJI «L_j j~^jj cultural backwardness J 12)1
. .ir jii i>.ji j ^^iji ^i ^sji jjiji _,i iJLii
social backwardness ,_^t»-NI oJicll : Jii I
balance equilibre
Jljil - ^
0* ^^^t ^bWI ^Lw ^ JiUl ^ij j ijS v»i
JUlj «li' ^U. 4,jilj S_ipU: J^j V-Vl Jj>
^Jl djIOs-MU SjjMj SjOill «ift jl IS niiljj jjjU.
backtracking supplantation jJe^S JA J »liZ<l
51 jl LI aUaaVI > J jljJll £*k*»l; J*ai
jljj. ioUaaNl jjjl^l pjhlj -j^aiJIj Jj^>MI j;
^jlidl jljilj balance of payments oU-yjIl
.balance of trade
Ojl>ll - t
5j»Ui i.^U ii_UII J jljil j^tij . ^1 J| Ji|
. i,> ^>Ji ( ^^x_;j JUij *uSfi ^ i,. t ij,i j!
mental balance J*Jl jjl>JI 1 _ r -iJl it ^ Jlij
US' UiJl oLL-Jl J.I& (^1 or balance of mind
. ^juSollj J_,i«ll iJ^I J _^t;
social balance ^pLi-Ni jjlj3l : ^1
BALANCE OF POWER
balance of power
equilibre des pouvoirs s^ Ojlji
^'Ull jjljJl; J^U^I «i. Jj ^V ^11 i-LJI
iS-Jb-J «^_; N d_>o aJUJ* o}k£jl jjj iljUJIj
If-'jljl ^jpju jl ^*j^ ,** oJUJL jl tUjjif Jjjil
. li">U^I jl LoL~. jJ^" jl t£j»-' ilji il Je-
balance-sheet bilan ^'j^ 1
cf. budget
ballot vote au scrutin t?vr" f 'j^5"
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jlij ijj^-UI jL^I V J*--; JJI ii>ll Jp ilV-UJ
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--"""" . v u^Ni 5jUJ
band bande j^jjl . ZJ&bS - \
v,~4aj *• ^^t^xJ j— VI jj» ie-j*jt jl 4j»K JpLj-
OU^i>xil J <Uol>-j 4>-jU 4>-jJl Olit^U- L^-J Ja> jJJ j-flA-ll
. i jJLjl jjPj ijjJI
t^-L« Jp 1$^>*j- oUjXjj aLJiJI ^* Jt^tfl 4~s<axjlj
JiJj L-. «* t?' ii^l J JUol' J 1 (/J 1 i>* V" jl »!
• ^"j J^ W* "^IP>-VI *i^»j!l Jl l*S" t Ja,.,...,; i-^axll
ibUayll - Y
. vj»lj»-l jj^vj l» UU- c»Ip ij>j& iij£*. «pL*>-
i^jL? J U-ApL-J «Ji^!l iiii .Jfcj v ^-L^all ,«^»d.l
ijt-jJI JLp">U &Jv»JI i-jil • jjUL l^w LjkUJ
vJj>- UjjsUJ jS - jj j c S.X*-U!I <L^»L-JI OL*jUiljj
. Sjjla^l j^IUIIj Ol^>~Jvl »wj *UJIj Sj^Ull
36
bar charts diagramme a tuyaux jliQl $ejfi\
ijliJJ «L-j iUJ *U»-VI J iiUI ikyiVv. JUii
«. v_— Li l_c JI>VI «l>^ iSI .ikjil ^laicli
jU JJ Jb-lj ^ij ^U Jp jSo^j to ^ JS" jl-Ai*
. IjLf jl 5X»pNI
simple bar chart Ja—JIJaj^ill villi il^t^j
Jt ju>jj JUI J^ll J UIJiiw.1 ^>V1 j'vTI j*j
V__^0 5iU itjJlVl V-J^J ^^^ J>ll vJl'^k>.VI
. iil>i
barbarity barbarie i^*^ 1 '*tr*"jl |
vl_J Sl_S il jl jlaJI «*a»Jvl jAvk- <^Jb-J
v/'J' ti*' V^J 1 ' L^iliJ jva^JJ i^^ 4_«J lf-03
■ ^Ijjilj
i;^.tj:_ ( _ r ^JI 1 ;-i~j !_>— ill J ^Ul I,- . > , /i i i US'
. (JljJLI >*; v^J 1
bargaining, collective negociation collective
-JbUJJ JUJIj J-vJI yl»w>l J;}-^ f]rt-l (j»
Jiji JT iljU^j J^Jl JSL-. jli; jkJI Ol#>-j JjvJj
^v; i-jjUJI J^>«J »jlai *4^Ji j*"VI JijiH fl-*'
. iljU-" J»* Jlip »ljjl JJ Jj^o_jllj iJrJjUl
bargaining unit unite de negociation
•^ ^JJJC \*£- v_jUiv»I «-j^ jl 4-pLJ^I i«jl— II J
. ^pU^I i.jU-11 J .^jT JU-ll ji i.jSUJI
barrier barriere jiUil v jt-ImJI
1 jl Jixllj 5jj jill tjv J^'LiJlS' ^rviJJI 0~ J^»U1I
. i^^ajjl jl iJ^UI
colour barrier o^ill y^>- : _^l
social barrier ^Ili-VI j*-l»JI
4*&UU
37
barter troc
_pi~. j£i JjUI IJU ^_j . Vj^xj Jll oUoiJIj
base culture culture de base £j£?\ &$
c^ww jlCj jUj J j»-jj" ____3l ijUdl oLJI fj^ji
a 1211 dib- ji _j__j jjk_j>i iju »oi___ u ijip,
. olpjo»ll JUJl j^s jl Oji ^J!
basic data donnees de base £jCSi\ ollCil
iJjV* OUUI ji (.UJI oliUI jl i__.U-Sft oUUI
j£i Jp i*^ .UjS/l ji jIopS/I _j, J-t>L. _y jj£j
Jj-lA-l li* Ji. j Silt OliUI _'»•,, /1 Tj .jUa»-l lIjJst
4^** Sj^ii. «;i) i~Jl jl i_*> Olj_j>x» Jl 4 JL.
i-«w l yu\~a>- jl JiL^jl jl oU^ii i~JL. jl ^JIS"
■ fyiSllj SjjT oil Ji.
basic personality culture structure de base
de la personnalite .iuakiU ' -&H\ tlull
V • ' 4 '.*'
<**&*£& <Uli)l 4«wa!l
jjLf i_*. 3 IS j^-UI jl Jp Jjj ^j^- .^i.
Ok i-^-^iJI £_- J JJL3I IJL*, .JJL3I ji ^jLiJl Jl
^- > 3j*3 '—hj?' J i^^'j^*' Jj /"fji /"-»»^ *L*apl 4~JIp
i.Lc ijiLp>-ij ^ju;
bastard batard Jjil _j_l tjfcli
ij»_Js 4»}tp il 4] ^^Jj i&jZ ji- 3^p __,. jjjjil
j-W> bl Ml dlpl 1__p I-Ip ,«i_j 4 4.1 <_£>_ U ai-Ji (_jL
. JiUI 5jii Olol i>a!l_j -Ui _S\»-
illegitimate child 5jt~ a_^-JI oJL» jp .^Jl ^U;—. j
( i/v- 1 ^ ^r )
adoption _^p[|l : Ja\
legitimacy sjllll i!pji
BEHAVIOUR, COMPULSIVE
battery of tests batterie des tests
&.
Lt~
,UJJ
'-» cr^ J* c ~
jLtf-l 4P_j»if
oljU>-MI »JL» _y JT «Jt; J
begging mendicite
Jjlill
jOuj . i_«U!l JJall J jlyMI _j* it-Usll i_ji>
J_j_dl jlS" lil IjJp <_Jloj 4>Cj>- j}UI __,*«, J J_j_dl
jSLw. J J>.i lil ji o J_j_dl jj* lil jj jjjl w~>»v!>
-I — »-jj i_- o- lj_jli»t« J_j— dl j_j^j US' jlji—<l j_jj
ana. mendicity
behaviour comportement iSJLJI
iiU^_vl L. _ii_>l *zaj{ ,_j>JI jJl^ll tj 1— »«i— 1 J«i tjl
i_Jji'j . U. U» jl iJie- jl ii^ap jjSij jL«U i»»^ilj
.iiUI 0/ Jp iL>i_MI oJL«
il^i-MI .i» Jp aJ^-OJ iJ^UI JiiJ (.ji^__ oij
jJ^I iJ^UI ^ j_^j iJU-loll OLLJI Jp iybUkil
jLill jl jwJ.1 il_>LJIj explicit or overt j*Uiil jl
iJ_jL. jl lilLw. JjLJI Jp jlkjj implicit or covert
j\ i-iU- ii^> _l_yl — II iio_ L.XP conduct iry
iijU\ y, } innate Cjai _^L_)I j^_ aij .^yil ~j
o£j_ ji UTphylogenicpfil jl_>i «^ ^v iJjall
J»i MjOntogenic^L ^U- y»j acquired U__=_C
. j»-lj)l yJI il^ii ,^- 1>.
behaviour, collective comportement collectif
_/UiJl iljDl
collective behaviour : ^l
behaviour, compulsive comportement coercitif
cS^I jl^liijLlI
47iljl ~*j Oli^viJ »U!I Jl j_yiil «»J_ __ja!l il^l
compulsive ^1 ^lk!l Jili _yj ,__*_, j^ ji
oUJI J <^ jL»u M <_ jj »Ui; s-Ljl <_jl orderlines
BEHAVIOUR, COVERT 38
w>*iJl .^compulsive personality^^—* ~*~e>J^ ■ it** '- ai _A *<l»«i-^i <J) i£J_? oUL^ ji ^U-il
behaviour sciences sciences du compor-
(>.
■ ^^ [j ^ > tementhumain &p\ f ^.
behaviour, covert comportement cache juy\ il_^Ji J* 1^'j- 5 J v-^" J 11 f-^ 1
' -d^^ jj^l J* ^.wai ^Jll i^il il> y • ^ C ipJ L^' & J
jl j£f <u\i tjl&ij y\Lj> Jp J~ilj <t^ Ijfcj »J^)/I »Ui*- ^ j-^k^>^l IJLft »laiw»l /«~i;j
behaviour, overt comportement ■ ^-^^ J^'j v^ 1 ^j'^i
ouvert ou manifeste JiiS2l ,i j»"uill iljLjt ..,.,. uu . . - <- f ., ---fi
J ^ -^ J behaviourism behavionsme ^rf>'--' , k-J&ill
Jili. ,j *U*-Jj *^-5^ jSlf. i5-ill J>!l il>- j» f . ,11 •■ -.ii 1 r, , i
. \t-y*ay jy^i< o^ji (j""*' C"^ ' *
u- t. - - ^~ 5_ — iJI jlftlj UiJI i^LJI J^- LT U^ jlk^lj
behaviour, political comportement politique <-^ ^'^ ^ " U; * J -' V^ 1 ^^ ^ ^ Kj^
^-UJI ii^Ul »jL^. rjLiJI j* «;a*U-. J& ^JJI »Jb-j iljLJI
d^JI j,> ^ dUij iUil jjji, jUi LJ ^ ■ *^ lj ^ ^ l> -
u " - ^ behaviourism, social behaviorisme social
electoral behaviour jlwMliljUllrtO.ji-lrJ' ' social behaviourism : >l
^*U»->I 4!TjL)I
behaviour, social comportement social beinfl existence "yr^
iUi-l iJUu ^Uxil ^_^ jl ^^ai^i il^ J^ J*-^' ii" '^l^ 1 i** 1 J^ 1 J es~. j*j 'V-iljll;
^u-iS;i .Mji j_^ ji jjj 1(> _^T ^u^i ii_,u • w -^ ^
.j-i J ^c-j e^^Ji oi ^« io.j t j,> a ^j be|ief croyance a6iv
ill*- '^1 *J\i JU- ^1 ,J«-j .iilsUiL. jib ai 4;l _jjj
■ J»-!j u-^- 1 J* JfV f.ytt iyrj^ Je- - " ' "
Mj 1 i^jL^-Vl J-«-«^ 1 _r"L^.^' »Ji»i-J J_^ll tS-'J y^
behaviour pattern type de comportement 1,,-ii, a>. J i*jj,y\ aj^i\ J* jU^^i Jjl^ j^~
39
BIAS
belligerency belligerance
<1 ««,-.., Jil JJL-jll ti-l<0" Ml i_j£ eJAj i jAjA\ Jj u^l J
iTjuLI ^ *»-l^)/ ilbUi.1 >u)l Olji _^il _*j>JI J
\> iit_> _jl i;»»*jll JL»pI_j jj..j.\ L 4j_ji» jj£j Nlj
-Ui Ml JUill JUpi ^ M ji ^-^ US' cOj_JI
j,J!l j^ioll l_Ujll jjo ^jUI ^ ^.jUJ.1 ^li^iS/l
JL*S/I J j/L V, >u!l ^j J £U\ jjUaw V
belongingness appartenance «UJ)fl
ijH\ ^ji) .if-L.jLl JJ jjill ȣl t_Jjj jj^mII
^i «<^ail jl JTjJJI jl (^jLJI jl SEMIS' L. *_i
. jU.1 jTJlI
benediction benediction
ivalilj j*^ V «-^ iT^JI £-i "Oil JJ JlfoM
ana. blessing
benefit prestation ijll
ly. o^j Ji } .1;^ jl beneficiary J-iu-JJ^^Ml
. oUUllj oLij«Jlj oU_j.il IT cash benefit i-U;
oU-i^j5_J a Jli.U-j)lS'benefit in kindi-^i^j^'-uj
. 4_<ij_j«JI oJ^»-MI_j Jt*^I
t_^-Lo ^ OlS'ljiil jl-u. Jp WjLI *bl i_ju_ji_ aij
JU »bi Jt _u_p. M jl JL. UfU ji J.UJI ji J^JI
. olTljliNI o-l»
'">UT /-*A) oli»d« j. J^Uil ^J^r^j U JT Ow j
Uy ib: jjl i__Jl Ujllj UiUil olj^Ulj ii-«ll
. iiUil jj»-\l J~£; fringe benefits uU|
benevolence bienveillance jlkll Jje .jl— ?-Ml
_j_ui ji jrui ji j>ji ^_j_i- ji v~.jNi
wUJI iiji-Jl l~*-* V*cr^ 4jl~JI <i-rf? ./y^j 4Jo-b>«^ij
■ jt!?l J*
cf. charity
benevolent fund caisse de secours
oia^Qi iijjLff
iib>ill t_$jljiail i^>-ljj. 4^oc« Olij oJpLvl ,*-*»jv • UaJ
bestiality bestialite jl_^Jl HcrOu>
sexual perversions i~JL.| olil^^l : Ji;l
betrothal fiancailles i-I^Jl ^jkkjl
. j£i\ J«>!i
betting pari 01a_^I .ij»l^.l
. ojUJI j_i»j j«, stake t'Uj ^i Jill
■ Ui»*i'j" J* "**! t* ,<"*
bias biais jI^cJI
jp uur J«jijii jj jr ^i j> (v^JJ J^ «^'i
UlyJI l yuu _jl iil— !l ^JjUJI j^U 0>o vlUJj lf^i>-
. pS^JI J UaiJI ^-j-J _^l v'JI 1 SJU*\I
is^s-^ff ji. Oljj-JiJ Jl »lvi>-^/l J Tjii^all jjijj
IfJ*- k-jji Olla»-^U.I __r« i-P Jp 5jSiJ.I yljlall ,ji«J
S^tdl 41*mJI Ul . Uj^^^Jij oULJl **>■ oIJUp 4j_^
BIBLIOGRAPHY
40
0'*'j>~' Jl Sj'-i^J ^iljjj 3j-3xX* «l>Uw«l yrlh./r
Hi\^ff ji- oUji«r »M.jNI Jl u?y»^ r*-£ J)* 1 i^>«JI
bibliography bibliographie Gl^jJlJI
OlJJL
j-iw jl 3jjU?^» AJ>j Sj^i i)f- j./7'a' Jij CjLjjj jl
bicameralism bicameralisme
>Mlj deputies ^IjJ U»a^i i^yJl iUJI i.jLi
jtUil jl ^JUall Jjlc 4J ^Ijjj . senators Q^iJJ
.unicameralism a»-lj ^Lj i _ r Jk JjrJ 3JU- J
bidding postulation Jrilk} u \V
lii jtSlb^l ^iu'jiil »oi!i J ;lidl Jfejl i^i
. L-i i^wcJ' i>^ IjijX— I
bigamy bigamie v«* J* ^jj"
l*j^ Wjj £ j;o jl J^U C L ^ j-lj jU f Hi
. iilji U^-> -*>-_y N ij^'y*^ fJj" ^J^*i ^
levirate ^^W *XjH> iUjL. r-jjll j^Ci i
^ya* lilli Jl oiJb ij Li" i iil! 51^.1 j» rjjjlli
j UJI ji ^jT «kij y;i)l jT>IT i*^l J,lj«!l
. ^Ic^-Nl i_>ill J*- Jj^asJI jl 5jj3l a«j^
bigotry fanatisme
:>l
Jj^L^L,
jj£ ji_r Sjj^ji onl^ j , \j ^l n >ni
ijMI JI$Li"^l ilJa>-_j! J— ij i *-^iy« jl W*'- *=rjji'
: ^Ijjll I JU
.sororat ij^ii *• rjji' i_r~»i ^
fanaticism
bilateral kinship parente bilaterale
t OJjjU" Jj^ 4jIj«1I i—ljJ (j TtLk^ail IJLft »Jj*JU_j
'* ^^— * U lil tlfjl>- Oli LJli Cts>y ^J^ lil—i' JSj
^ui j*.j t L*. fSiij ^ni j*L oij» ^\jj j>aj
^ 1^_>1»^ W^J ' i 3 !—* - ' ^ j *i'j*" O^u jl
Ji»J J >-lj »l_jfl J» j^"^ i~^ ^t 5 !"' **^
r-'jjU kJ>il_ / »S' liU-l nUa^II li* »Ji»i_; Jij t iJjSI
•cross marriage J»lill
cf. unilateral *bCji ^jb-i : Ja\
bill projet de loi i>>** ^^»
JiJUadl JJ Hj-^ il J OjJl* »J_j-» jl f\)ji-*
u 0j*a^\ U jji lSj>"I jlx* iJ^il aii jl J*- i *Jp JV"
. UU^-^ iw'^ll Oj>llj U. Hiljll
U T-ljjl OjSvJ (j»- i^y'Vl OU— LJI ljj> jJ^J
iiJj "Up jilaj 4ili i Ajjo^^J lU» Jl 4fJ&) lj»l^-
j^wii <oli ijoj^Jjl i!;il *Jp JiljJ (jr»- l»l bill
iJLidi JLLJI <uU jily jo-j legislation W^r-j
7«_<aj IjJ*- ^^^iJ.1 iJ^Jjl Oltlj*-"^! JS' Jii— jj
.law U^li
bimetalHsm bimetallisme J?"-*^' f^
tljjl 3j» i-»ii!lj i-AJJI iyd\ jf Jxl J>«f_ ^UiJ •
. U^ <m-^II JjJ>u JLw «LoJU
41
bimodal bimodal Jji! JuJ
oMUJI j. 1^ bop jU-iS jjujj j\ j<ui j-**
binomial distribution distribution binome
.U=-\l J jj-u^JI oli £ jy y JUI c j_^
^ya^i 2iUdl JfLil J i*»U-j 5JLi« J_Lp oUlai^.1
(c-^ i/> a" 1 - 1 J* ^ u^ /^. ^-~~ ^^' «j=r
biography biographie
iyi\ 51 — -= — I ^.IT Iwj iwai^l SjJI J«;
■ *~iJ <S_jL" ii_^»_) <~jai-^ JJb>Jj >_JW»£
iUi-\l j£j:_ Jil ol'UI j, SL^Jl j^jl; ^__,
<jU_ x^ j^iLI ^jjkJI j>ujUI l y**&jj vi_*«JI J ^
. 4jUUilj <uJ j,_gz J j5l U JIT J!lj *;L^ iU
^1 Ol^^Jlj iSL»«JI J jjiil ii_Ji Uil J^jLJj
«b J Ojji J!l UiJI_, i__iJI oUjS/l ^lj Lf-^ri
BIRTH RITES
i,j*aji\ ott^Vl iUdl oLjkil j il^w US'
biologism biologisme (/"jW «V>«rtll
Jp l^ji j ^>Ji >\i j_k; Ji jii y, y
bipartism bipartisme
cf. party
usiJ^ 1 f ^
oUjoJl Jl* j xi. j J, ^_^i ;__iji oUjoll
^Ic^r-Ml ilyjl jp ^LiSj jjj) 8 j^ ll^ *>^NI
. 4; J^tJlI £.JI J*ljiw »jit <>*<•_> -^^J
biological sociology sociologie biologique
birth control reglementation de la natalite
Jlill j»Jio"
kllliJ- »Oj«i-Jj J — Jl JOJlshJ JJ JsOf. ^iil oLf VI
J^JJ 4k! lit JSUjJI J j^ijj . J»jJI Jl SJOOp J?L-j
j*. SjU iiiiu t iidi jjc jiUjiij iidi jjUjii ij«
ijjOil iJLVIj JjJlT i ialll ^j .iikJI JLJ.iu-U
J-jJJ SUl jj$J jj- 4>-jj jLit j« Ifi J^-jll «^c_j
. OuSfl iU-^. j Ml Ifjl Mj
birth rate taux de la naissance -Uljll Jum
J">U- /t»i>ill J iUsUJI jjljll iLj- *il_; ^—S' y»
aljil If-ilp ^!l ^c_JI fj^* 1 A^li-j l 5Vc • i-^j iji
V_JUil J Jjj«ll li» L-JUJ tSjUil dJJb" J *^»Jil
. <L-- ^\p SjLp ij^jil bjjbh j_poj i_jJNIj
birth right droit par naissance iJljjjL; j«Jl
Jjiiall <s- .i J>JI Ijf. J-^j .Jjiil J*>L1 4>^uS'
birth rites rites de naissance i*>CU ^>5b
j"jLt- xp iJljJI JJLiil lf~.jLc J!l <-»ljll o%b-
J!l i-UJI ^ Jikllj .S/l ji^Ja; Jl cJOf--) JiW
BIVERBAL DEFINITION
biverbal definition definition par synonyme
Olw jS'i j I ita^/L Uajl i_ju_ j«JI JjSsj X<j .uiJb- jlp
biosocial characteristics caracteres
biosociaux ZsXjpr'p £jjJI ^LikJl
Jw«l_j«iL> 4— <L»I ii^sj jJbu jJI 4^1^-NI oli^Uil
i*t»-l «Wj li J!l ij^uJI Ol-T^l ji i^jJI
. ^i j&i
Jl ajU^ *-t>Ua^NI *X>»I~- j c£>>-l *J^VJ
black magic magie noire Sy*i\ j*^\
i }\/y\ ,_^w jj*S\ ilJb-l Jl ^y_ i^iil j»^JI
. ^Jl Ji^JI ^J ijjjjtjl
magic _^*JI : ^i
blackmail chantage juo^JU i_ H 1
• Ltili Lfii j I iUS" -j&x-l jjj. j« V^jj *»«^-
j^j ij*tSj>i-i j' MLt <c- j^J tJii i'jU- ^tj jl jl^»l
• r'^ J 1
jlT ^il i-UJI Jt U_Ji i«l£jl a x» CJlkl Jij
^Ijji Jp iL't JSL2SI .Ujjj .LjiSlI Jl jJ&NI V-jj,
. (Jjlall fUai OlX«J Jf" -jtlj^lj
blindness cecite ^**!i
J*l£)l | _ s »«!l (jg r)\p Ji\ ONUJI kilt 4j -Uai
central visual acuity ^^Jl sx~ l^i aLj <_pl
42
. ijlkJI .lx>a-l x* ^ij tsySll jJl j Jii ji -Al-
jp ^aJI sju- l^i xj; Jil oMUJl Jwi; iiiloTj
ti^
y jl 4j'Li /p*
iJU ^j
Y- •
»j* (^1 psychic blinaness jUiJI LS ^JI Jlij
blockade blocus j 1 -^ 1
jjjiii ^jb-i yi Ui; jii ^j^i jyi-u ts-^i
\jttij\y tjbwijj i»>-jU«ll Vr'j^f J* »Uaiil -Uai jJ«il
o-j^ jUa>Jlj . >-<j»JI J jl^i-NI J* V. U*^' (i 51
u^-NI Ae- »jll JjO^o 4Jl j^P i jJ«il iSjo X^ %^l
.*.lS^-i SWIyj 4^I>-L »^u" Jll SxUll Jjoll i«>-lj» J
blood brotherhood lien de fraternite»jjl jy-l
j_^!l «,Ja:,... ; » iJIxJI Ol««i>Jll ij-j (/-tst-l JLJLS;
»j^ A«pseudo kinship \*>\j *J^ J^i'jj Jl*- »Liif
5^>-NI OL^-ljj j_>«=~ jlX>l <]ajlj!l si* jJp i_Jjvj
Ijjjj; jl »NJA O^Or.j ^-UL. 5_j^Nl i_!»ljkl Jl viJisJI
Jij .ojl-bJI jL»i>i> jl js>- lyJai* ^1 ^jlsbil ljjy«i jl
^Jail JiLfT <i">Uil »OA »Lii|S/ ,j»jila!l ^/ixj i^j^
blood relationship consanguinite paternelle
»oJl jl y.-axil i'l^J
j»j Ux>-j jjS'iil iL-L» jf- iliDI il_^il ^a
JU-jil Ojla~» Jl iljiil oJj: Jlj»"i(l v^I «->"j
■ ^.j'^ 1 J js^ >' IAj androcracy
blood sacrifice immolation JU^iJl . »oJl a-«>I
<LjjJI (_r-_>JWl lit x> jl iA">M »xi" (Jll jJLill
. ijjf-j ^j^ *U»j Jp Jj^a>JJ
43
blood vengeance vengeance .UJl
j;>-S/l Ji aJjI* j. .UiVI Jjxill ^jlii iJjUv.
blood « J-ij)i ij » *»jij jliii i jf" f-lL^-j ai_j
jUpi k___j ijjji jktii J jtJi ~s\ J p rj ^j'nor\ey
U * i/'j" > -M^ °>^J Jj^ 1 i'jill SJb-j 5^1
. LjJLflpI «Ua>-l j*. iyill M ipLJ-l iJ_^_j <uip i_Jji
blood wealth prix du sang ioJl . ajjUJI
^i ji Jllill *-iJL, g;i)l ^1 ji ^JLiJI iLil
. jliH v_-^J J>ill ^jliV
blood money : Ji'l
blue-collar-worker employe
ilijjll jfcll ji J*U1I
»loi^-l UUI *JL»p >-.lk:j J»U- (^1 jl ^jjj J.U
Ji» tS^ll j^frj S^ll JLwJI &)l »Oft J~iJj iplrt-l
^LkJ.1 .ai^-l oij . *Ulj jjjUl JLp, .JLall JUp
j^jll
r - -
.li/arti
board of directors conseil d'administration
ijbjfl ^
»Ui*-l jn^i jI>I i-U- j, ijiy\ ^te. j^So
*u«.i jop l. ^uji .ikji ^j ijui SjiiV u Ui..
... jJI ^-Ijlji ilkfl ij/j -jIp^I o^l rJ Lr J*JJ
boarding-house pension Oj~«JI i JjJl t ^jill
^jyJ.1 i*jpl JU\j JT^I «j .ui esJJI jl&l
01 j j-Uill Jf- vJjiiCj . j»-l J; lit t,»AU»-_> 4jjj
vuir ait «, i.u^i iya ^i. J\ jju o'\ jSO; j^Sii
. 4JU- ^-*^p 4j
V^ij 0^-1^ JS"^' (^.-^ rj* eS>^' oUi. -*>-jJj
boarding schoolU^ioJii-jjilT i^U-^l^ "J-V
boarding^i y ^^Ui ^u>-Sll y jukS/lj^
BOLSHEVISM
.homes for children or delinquents or aged
. If- ^jwJill ^^^ OliJJ eJL* Li**"-*
hotel Jxi : Ja\
body corporate personne morale £j*a *~*
LjUj !>Uiw« kJ^yj 5JU i«ij 4_L»l IA Oj^jj j_yt>JI
body fitness congruence physique iJjJl 4»UJl
a-U jjx; -U_j . L«jJI oLUid iJ-Ul j^iJI i»LJ ^
oljoill }j V L-'i i^i partially fit Sjja^. iiUil
. JwJI oUkd v-LJ.1 iUlSOl
bolshevlsm bolchevisme
i -i'l \ \
^ULiij tSiJadl i-Ip^l UL^.jbolchei-jJI iJSOl j.
^j>JI *UJI <ulp ^jrvJ jUail j^ iJil (jliiJ^/ jiur-lj
01 ijP^-MI JuAl (J*- J~»i_ll j,« 01 Oc-^ iSjil
*\ } i j.yJA\ .IkJ! Jl ^Ic-ijl f lkJI j- i>k Jiu'
ijjjjl 5jl>-j SjSvi ^ L-jj J (^_>-iJ' »UiJl »_>ij
jf } ju^i j^ux-^i y^ik. jr .ujij ^j_ji ;jb-jj
l^i-i? -I* i ^^Jjl «A^>«^iJ 4«-L-*yi ^^Llt ojjfcj
l*j_id \ } jX^\) S^y f J> j^' »' a *- -^* J**"j iiiSJI
Jij ti^WI iiUil .UJlf iJbi^NI ^1^1 j- ii'lt
uJj-t: lUjjli i_jU- JJ i^wi oUJ.lj ^ij^l i^L
iJjjJI jp 4__i3l J-<aij (Jtl ^iUaal l _ r Jlf ojljl
. ijl>»il vr^-" «*~J JUjJI * J } t -j_3
BOND, MUTUAL
44
-_gjb»w \j JJI ^£?-*)\jallj JUjdl /^ oilj— odto (_£JJI ,£-jjll
bond, mutual lien mutuel
us
Jaj^j ^jj^ia jl l^Jp ^Cj> ila^l
bondage esclavage
jllji/jll tii>jJl
aJ^ ,t/ijjj tj;>*"^ fy^*^) *i*J^ *;j**^ -^
OjtUjj ^yjjNl c^j^' ilji^l «JI p- ,_/>!— >■ fjj iJ^JI
jl SoNl iiil£*j quality bonus sS^i-i Slil&ij
.suggestion bonus
borough bourg a-UJi
^jj\ u. soju jr jt- ijU&i j iJ^ii •■** j^"
UjjJbj ^1" fj-j» 5-Ai-JI ii^> -5-^J .ijjll ,j» ytstfl
-: j*j J* s-aU'j borough council ^y^ ,^-1*
aIoJl. oli jbj municipal borough i'-iJu sol?
jbj county borough iilill sjIjujO*^ JMiu-lj
borstal ecole de reforme
Ol^l
slavery : Ja\
boredom ennui
J*
«il-dl »jj<u J»~ »Lill jp UJJ i—iJ iJU- Jill •
Jj:_ N J^ J jI^l-MI Jl j^JI jl>>l ^ ji tSjill
*—■».•: I L jj*-~H l£J J^ US *— '1^11 ^/^V _/£ X?
\j^S~ JUJI jl j^p toOs-lj i~-ju i!U- L^-'l jjjj
*— <£* ji- Jt J«* '-1* Jjlj«J ^UJI tju jjj^. !•
• J^ ^ "r^ J 1
J jlS'jwi J»j jji-U j*--^. jj«-* l**^" J' f*\j^
JwJI J ,^11 ^ JAIj UAI jjij ^-JliJIj ^Ulj ^^-oSI
jl jS- IrW tSjl-« Jp lkt>- JI4JL.I Jjj J Sjljj
jjaill jl l ^ ! o- J tj^jjl f^j i_JUJI J i_-*i; Jill
. .L^X-^lj i^ljll ^1 SjUJI J *1, J; ji *-iit N ^V
jl r l J^ll Jl JAI 5jlii-l J>j Jill U^> f# Jl
. i_Sjjli)lj (jjlall oi* uJ-»*J J ^/-l^s) 1 t/-*-* 11 f
bonus gratification sill^ii c^Jll
Olijl jl oL.L< J J»UJ ,^»<u <J 1^1 ,«lr" ij*
. ij^- ^-bjl ^J^^oj 4JIII i-Jl ftljjlj iLpNIS' 4^n«
J,LiJ jl JwJI ^Jjjli ._......,.; ill I Ij* Jaiu a» UT
proficiency bonus J*«!l hJ±> JxT A_i J»U!l
7-!>U.lj ili) ^1 lir. I^lfl J ^>j~* OUi*
. t«« T ^ j ^ a tjv ,►,— rj'^i ji-H' u^j^' ^l-^^"
-w*>-j ^Jil <u- ,jw 7-£jZ 8-*^ OLLU.1 fl-X* [J jjs«aX_j
OUIjij J ^^-Jj *jJl jjl* (J Jj»c"d 1*^ Oljl^
. l £-t^ai\ 1 '_j-^l'j itl^l f'ji o^V U^ibj j
g ^ S '/
boss chef, contremaitre ^--jjll c^Syill t^-lall
j^Ji ^_^u ji Jtjj^y j*-- ^jJJ jrjb ^-«;
. 41^1 C->J jjL^j J. j<lj^l jlJ^»l J»- 4J iji (^1 jl
J^^, ^ ^jjl ^Jl J> i-LJI J bOSSiUS' jllaJj
jp ijdll JSUjiL Lc'lj 4~j-»ll JJUjJl; daL. J>
boundaries frontieres Pi^' .ijO^Jl
ts>-S;i jjjji ji»i j*. *Ui; ij^ ijj jr JiV
Ux* il i jlSo: i^*^l j* ijJ&JA oJia !Jwi;j .*; «la-»J.I
t Uj^P 5il~» irt~Jj A^"^' ij-lvJ iljjil ■«!«• lAJ
Ji jjJi>JI oJu^j U^ 3iL*- I-Vj Ir-^Sr* - l«i~^ 1**'jJ-?
. '<s\~a jj^J J»j * j > jj' Oj>j
class boundary «SLillJb-i»Ua»-)fl ^ Jlij ■
5UI ^-Jj <. VU^ 1 £ii! JaSlI ji J<^S(I o>JI <^i
iUII (_jjj: (jd-^l us £* (Jl 1
ij^jijSwJI iikdl Jj^s- I) jj-iJI (J* J J^J
45
J m>\£\ £_^J. « psychological boundaries
-ks« l^Jiil Ijl Ji\ .^Ijll kiJ^Vt j'uii J iik^ ii
'& j>& Jj jk jp <j<i>x^JI j I IlJI J>-b ij-b- ij>-j j^
iiUdl jjj»- j^j jl ^>w V jl Jt ij^>ly!l jl
. J^>l_^l_> Cj»Jl J—- J J_ip ij^-^jSLj!
bourgeois democracy democratic bourgeoise
J ^^aiJ^'^ (i ( _ r £jl» iJjlS" )) J I Uli_* ^j, ;^So
Li^ J.Lc-tJI jU^I ^w- j- iJWjJl oUiLdl jl
^L.1 J* »_ji ^1 ti jlj^-jjJI i-iiljic jjl iijjjl .Li l^
oBwi ujl^j ^i>S/i ^ ^vi jp_, ija^ii jiji
*j-Uj JJ o^ia— i* ly—ij ijl_^>-jjjl Jj£ iljjjl ^jil
i i_jU«^MI ijji>- JIUJ *~«jJ J^-i J ^*L»^1) OljLul
bourgeoisie bourgeoisie ^ji^i^ 1
i«jUJI ^Ja-*J\ iilaJI Je- J-Jb J-rf>Vl < '> j i«iS"
(I i j\jTjy. » i«iS" »JJxX_J_j .iUUJI iiLkJIj OLJI iii ^ru
ilil_LI iJLHJI iiJall ^xf (^up^Ij u^'t^"^' - u - f -
^liVl JSL-j dllc" J!lj o>il iil^ic jll oUjSUJI J
UT c^-^i ^o^JI JIHJI »lkJI jt j^',
~£=»JLi« JaJy" jjjil jlji^/l J* J-ko (( *j jt_j^-jjJI I)
grand Sj^&l ijU^Ji ^ j-S'jl* JjK' jj;__j
Ji_yNl ^r-^jj ^jUwI jLT j. jjSo"^ bourgeoisie
S^wJi i jlj^Jlj iMl jlS"j ^UJ1_, jai JU-j.
^ ^11 4**LUI ^j petty bourgeoisie
boycott boycottage
aikuU
BOYS CLUBS
Captain Charles j« J^ lJJc^^ 1 ^"iUa^>Vlj
oUjL^^i J">U iULil ^ J.jt t^JJt Boycott
vtll jjiil j>-ljl J laJ^jt J ^jj^l 5jl~~ iiLclll
JUJ1 JUjI ^UjJI <1)1-JL— « J 4*i?Uil ?xiia^A* (j^j
JL^ Jt juldl j I J^«il ^_^U» /m J«Udl j^iij Jt
J^JI i_-p-U» Jt Jiivill ^yv ^^ J m-bW^ Oij^'
ij^ tj i jS' Jisl\ JU-hJLi djUiJl J-»-»JI Jl_p-I Jj-^
. ju-vi
^^^ jjJJI JUjJI i iU- j^ J 4 ^' <-JijJ ^J^-' ^!l
ULiCJI Oliji wSJl^-" ^il ^fcj Ajy\j 4a1?La«j fi^^* ^r* j'
JUJ* apL^>- j7jL>- ^Uvil
jL >- J"
wSl-Lfc^ O<0>^— I Jlit iJjjil ij-UI Ja iJslill Ul
JjNI ULJI ^^>JI J L^loio-I Jl oU- aij -V-lr-
^j;'* Lc'Lji! IfJI UL US' iiJ^ 1 ( ~ L ^ 11 Lottie. j^wJI .
^ka oJjil i-L-J i-ijUil JjJil y j2£~ ij Oj^ojh
. oaSfl ^UJI U>lif.
boyhood premiere jeunesse 1^' or 1 'Uai'
jb:_) i_» ^r^ ^ ' ^r" l« <i»ljll JJ I" il>v ^
j_^iij t^5JI JsUJIj i-J^I jjr ■ > '^^ ii»-jll »■!»
jf. Jl.^aiVl ilJu iU-Jkl sJut iO^J US' iihijl JjJil
. \- Jb-till l _ 5 _^JI jj'Uj i_<a«!l ikL. Jl JjjjVI ikL
boyscouts eclaireurs
4iU^ll
jjiiUI -iiJ J* /■^'j *;>.> S^tT"' *r^^.J ^s~
^jUI j_jj<u Jl ^J-V-'^ i-jj-U alls i-Jlj-ll; <ij» J
*ljil J i»l»NI Jj^ /^ ^r^-" J* ■ > t p ^"-' ^j-^'
. ioc-UI SUJIj Jllsll
boys' clubs clubs des jeunes ^W-?^ *i^'
j^lijj JL— <ail f-lji Olijl jLj^--N <_?**&*-■ ^\j*
BRAIN 46
~&\j *Uj i>^ jlL^lj cjy&j^ j, J dyj>jci a» \e breakdown, nervous epuisement nerveux
joU J SjJjo. Ol^j Oljl^ *_.l_3"l J* ^PjU-j . . ;.....
bribery corruption '&£$* <-i'y>'}\
brain cerveau J&l t jli c £Uo)l j^, fL ji j,^. sjlj _,! J^ J* jUftl ^
OUNl J) Ji; j!l ^j ^«!i oijU! «* jju* ^ill • Vj^ 1 ^'^ cr* J>& <J> 5jU
< brain trust « •IjnjJI i^* » Jlij ^.y'r^ i^UJI ikUl ^1 bl i_>i«)l j* ^Ijll "I*
■ ^ *- l r* bride nouvelle mariee u^Jv^ 1
brain drain ^JJI olU&l J»I_^J : Jli UT jji y i^jUj ci, J ^i l^y^ J c-b U si^LI
&M J-JJ <~~> -kly ^-IjJ J (j?^^ 1 »j»** c?< . kjb- «Vjjdl jl r-Jj^-
v ' " • ■ * r bride-price or bride wealth Jfi Jli j
brain washing JjiJI J_p : Jli ^iD-iT t u")s& ^ a'is^ 1 -^ cn^ i * i - x i <S^ A-^
i»ti»» Jl^il Jj^t jp iHlij jjli. »\£\ J Wtr!-^ . Ir'Uo*-
^ ^>. U Jj;^ ^jl/Jlj VUJI J-jWJI ^ ^y, j^; ^; . brjde . servjce ^^ ^^
' 0}J ~ If-jlii i.o>- J J^jJL to-jjll Jp J^JI ^y J-**".
ijjjU&all J>AJI J v^ 1 ^» f 1 -^- 1 J^l -»»J . ^1 «ij j. Sl-b e^^l
. ^'USI f lkil .NjJL ^IjLl ^Lal JI J^>JI >l j.
- k , ... ^.„ ; .,.,,., „ ... broadcasting radiodiffusion ipli'ill
<j> >JI jSJa\ } \ (( <di«JI *Uj»JI i : JUj *
oUU* ^Jb-I Jt SJV-UJ brain storming radio broadcast : Jil
Jp i_e-_j^>J.I jljil I ,j v*£j ^1 i*UJ^I iiitil
<j-£i) . ii — • ila>- jj-0 iiitilj jliJl Ol^-j JiLJ
brotherhood fraternite h'*>h\
• i~-J 5ji«»» j* J 1 ' Jegal brotherhoodi'li _,iiJkiji ^ji-l : Jlij
breadwinner soutien de famille Jjil c JSUJI f-U-dJ »r'ji~' i-jj,- so>-ijli i^ll .Li "^ ^j
^ill j\ gUI J>; ^jll 3^-Sfl y^ 4; JL^i ' C" 1 '-^^ ^-X^ irjail r^ 1 *' ^
. U ii;«ll J— ■ jiy J,jj blood brotherhood »j)l sy-i : jii;!
£$1 <. 4>ijii
47
budget budget
jui ^.isu^i v'j^ 1 ^~j . «^ ij£ V">»j^"j
4^*aJ.I tJI jo ijljll gij; j_ij J^il oULJ
iLill tJI jo ^iy j_j UT t ^.b^ ijij^. ^jjjj
&.}' cf ^ V 1 ^ 1 "L* Pj - v'j? 4 fJ^ ^~'j
. budgetary control i>.-ȣll v'j^'
OljjOidl oOa Jjj»w"j iLoj 4SJj «j iUj JT (^jl—C
J>^«1 social budget i^t*-^! ijljll : Jlij
A.I—JI oUoUlI oUj^j JLi^J iA^iJI ^jJlScll
. i^\^\ oL-Ulj
budget, family budget familial ixti\ &\jl\
U»>dlj U«iil olij^lj Obl^U ^Ji^. JU jL
~ • Jtr-cO l^*-^* 3^*^. «j-^*V <Ulj~c
(•*-> ui-J^' <J -^ us 11 olJ W J* Jj-a=-JI - \
jU»L» jUij o fyto - iijxil iiiJ JU»-I ^.Li
o^j 11 ui- 5 * cr* J*" Jj^ ^".j 11 j^'j J-uU U^-Xa-I
_^iftJlj J14JI J iijJil JaJlSj J jjJdl ^.U ilic
. i*lo IA.^i
income elasticity J^oJl ij^. ^U - y
^ij-Sfi jo jujvi j ^_ji ^1 jijii. jo ^ai
.J^oJI J ^1 j^M i»«-i iiliJ.1
building cooperatives cooperatives
de construction iuiju3l jfCl\ *& cjCmt
' 'r—' '"'—" **l& ^piiit^J iS'j^L. ii^aj tUI Uj— jU
_pJI Jo i_»L» Ujj. jS"L». l_>*-i jl j^oJiU-j \^S~
UJ-iJI
f»-f- W"^" **
built-up area region de batisse tji»i\ «&)|
i_il iikll l^iii- jll s^&i «.UlI ^ j^i
BUREAUCRATIZATION
CJlT _,Jj j>. jTX £lL£l j_,j Sj^J.1 jl JLadl
bumping supplanation jj&& ^Ji - '»'-*■ '
backtracking : Ji;l
bureaucracy bureaucratie ii'Jjj^'
ijC-jil ilaLJI Jo »_,i _kJ jo SjLp iijIjSjjJI
4Jlii^. Oljjl-^ jji L«J»J cSj'j^ll J**" ,c~^ J^J
• ayjjy d[ oUIJj j. jJ—a J^ll ^c-Jl r ljSfi Joj
. tsjb)ll J^IJ To-iji ^-IjijjJI -fcdl jyiuj
pliull ji vj^ 1 5b ^ ! <> j^J.1 Jju Jij
«lrwl»jl,1 Sjk^ jo jjjdi ^-Aic—j J_» U5" t ^jS^JI
. »^»1>I <Jj_J— » jjij jj»Ui-l rJL<iC. aVLi j>3
bureaupathology bureaupathologie
ai ^1 ;.,.,b:;llj ijbNIj iTjLJI >»ljii!l ^^
. i ( jiis' <^j^ J jjjij .'ji.u-.n . _ ^■•:
jj^i (^JJI ^i 8 bf'MI Jl ^lyj^JI .IkJI J_p^ui
Ol^i^JI A-*j>tj -L^llj XJ-til wLicJIj ^yltiJI »-jj iiiL>fcC
->L_iJI JJ Jvu_ ^^ i_!ji_il i__j£ j i jbVI i^UjJI a^i j
iJoUjllj ijiJI J^U^Ij S_^iJI Jo i^jja^. (/oil i^jIjVI
. »U 4»-_j; A^>«i' ^JIJaI JO ^JIjS^^lj
bureaucratic group groupe bureaucratique
ibljjjjjl apUmJI
ilijil OjTjJj Ljilj*! jo CJj>^I iur"j ioUj-
j^-^iM ikUL jjki>u ^UJiMI j. JJi jJo J l^i
. ol^ J
bureaucratization bureaucratisation
jjC-jil ^1 l^;> JO ^-^ Jil iLJI ^
»ii ^~!j!l ^Jallj .i^U-w oj_^-a; «J»lj»JjJI ^Ua^
OUIj^Vlj -Ul_^U ijj^all «-Uoll J JUi UwJI
Oby — *J OU-jJ 4J iifll^ij^JI ^OUJ jl Ji>-t>U.I J«j
BURIAL RITES
l$<w mu 01 j£j:_ i-cjl J iillilj < Jidl j ijjUi«
burial rites rites d'enterrement^j}l£jl -.ji&jl
Loll 5L>JI j. 01— ;NI JUil je- ^yWi »i» jy~'
t Jfjll ^Ji »U-S/I JJj t oil i^lj JiSi" UT S^l Jl
jju y <£>■ 3s* tJ , y 4iiJU Ul C-il /^* .r-'W u^^^i
. \^ii Xf C»U- bljpl &J-I -UJj .JJLyll j»' liUi
Jl eLiNI l^jw (jj»«J jl iii-l «» j»-AJ 01 5jU!I Oj>j
business administration administration des
affaires ijl»dl OlPj^ill «jbj tJUpSlI 5_>bJ
ijUdl oU-j^^l Jij i-ljj JjUi i^-ill i«!l
j^*- io-bjl 4_U*JI i_JjU>«il *_j^> jjp Ifjl^l J5L"JJ
J! ^>' J 11 Jr- 11 cX J^- 1 a* OUj^til jSLi
. I^-Jijj l»j_jkj 01^ jw 7-IjjNI iilj Jj (Juil^JI (J ji^jll
JjNI 01 J 1.U1I SjbNI jp JUpNI 5jbl oJ^'j
i-ij,.' ^ iol*2X»NI oUljjJL J-^j'j »jll Jl JsOf."
. wLJI pWl, J*aij i.U!l oUaiJI .bloffl
administration sjb^l : Jx\
business cycle cycle economique
i'aUai^l SjjuJI
^ i Uajl ijUJI li Jlij t«bjl.<i:iNI JjjOll
t^-y -Ui«j Jl Olj-iL/iiNI <_, ; ./ii »U- *_ , l.aT \p SjUe-
'W-iJj'J j^- 11 £^' ^ J u^W 1 Jj^ 1 t> ^l»-
^j-jj ij IaUU («-jJI ,y oNU«j i_ii)l li» Ji* j-oj
48
< ~ Lo J; iol*2aNI 3U>JI (^-'^ /«?•*- (J Oijll
4 ijUl 4*IL*JI t^UJI jr^NI ij^-oll JUJIj
.uiu ,«--jJI li»J . xl~!l 0U Ij *JU.I JljjNI ijj-< ilij
t<oUoii jl ajjJUI ^wu oJUUp Ob JaJ C »i^j -^ij
. r-^^n i»~l»j OUj J jSi l^L-l 01
business enterprise entreprise commerciale
enterprise fjj^ 1 : J* I
business management direction des affaires
^j£dl olP Jr iIl ijlal
business administration : J&>\
business organization
organisation des affaires *ijl«JI oltj^l — ial;
organization t^^ 1 : j^ 1
by-laws reglements jul^ijl
j-Uu" <*»j23 JU*I f^f : fUil jjJliil J i>u'>UI
jLw a*-lj» r,Ji Ul V^j*' ^J^iJ "J^j»" Jf" '^-" a*
I^-.|7'.^ 1 JJl~* J juyidl jl *iJaJ J, : ! .. :! uj"'^*" -^^
. OyW
^Uwi'iU by-law men aUI j-^-i : Jlij
^_w»Uil ,_^~ «,JJ JC-Jj U jL 0lS^» Ojb:. j»JJI
ana. regulations . i.jULJl *»t;Ml i--»-y. ijb^li
ca'canny greve perlee ^fcfti ^ ^Q, ^,-^j,
■<■ jjVi awi v ^ji jj i^juli j ^i i j j^
JLJI 4-Jl Uij slow-down strike ai£j Jjjl r y,j
" L .J JSL-jj oVVl .ljii-l «lj Jp ^L^^U
cadre cadre **r>«j JiJlfcjIl jji-l >lk
Uiil ji sLdL iiyrj\.\ JU^Sflj oJlbjJI jL,
^j j£i j^J- 1 v ; >'-» V* J& &m am ou-joiij
calamity calamite
tfj&i
vjWj ouu-iiij oipuaij jjvjjir i> _, .u,- ji
<. ats-i jju, ji .ujvi ^ji_^ii ji;! aiji (.>_;_,
lJjSL. SLil ij^jji ob-ilj oU_^»JI ~ dUjJ
. ijlj£jl
calendrical rites rites astronomiques
' sr i3ili ^1 ^te
4-»~iaJI iij^SlI £jijJ &, .UiiL ^jk' J\j^,
j\ Lr ~i)l j\ jJA\ ^Uji jl J^l .la^ir ijjdi
calling metier &^| t jjj»Jl
craft : Ja\
cameralism cameralisme £l>Jl JU.
cf. public finance
camp camp
&J.\
i*uy ^IjTi jutj j\ ^ y* ^ii- ^ji iJai
• J 'jW 0* *^j**r
h^ j^l/ill J fUy recreation camps pj^ll
i* Li I ^ soiil jail sl>. ^ j^jij ^_j| 4^^ jj,
^(3 Jl Ov t work camps Jlii oljSLii,
i/jjJI J~JI ^aij ^^dl_, *UjVI J i>L_UJ v Liil
. 1W,.,,i jl5~ I ., j ^
' refugee camps u«s»-*Jl oljC-iij
jl>Sll J. «_^ Jp SJVaU Ijl* ,£-*• jlkj
a>ii ji ii_^ji iH3ir yj*. k__«,a. ji i>j jijjjii
. ai>>- leUijI V arjJjjJil oULf'l j">b:_ L^-'i jL^L
CAMPS, INTERNATIONAL WORK
camps, international work
camps internationaux du travail
JU>I ^s^ll J»-i j. J— !l ^j oli^ll *i» JT ^
(UoJI (Je- oljSL-J.1 »JL» J u»L»l J»liJI y^j.)
■ tS^
campaign campagne il^Ji
^tjf-jA ^JjJjb J^Ji^cjJ l^-^ajw iL*al. OLU SUP
^^ ^ -* J" 9 S
cannibalism cannibalisme j£j\ tjal JTI
w JlJ .UUI _^U aa-ir g^-tJ *jJ!I JS"i i-jOr
ana. anthropophagy
canon canon '^~^' o>>US< 1 41^11 iu^l
OLL^j J-sf VI J. iJUi-II iJ^UII Jlpljill **j*j?
Jij . OIjLpUIj J ;JxJI ^r-J^J-' K^fl i_J^il «-M
<oJaj ^J^ (_£-iil ,£~l>jl jajUJl (J ^yja^ oJL* tJl-*^>-
. Ujl^p JjI (J ij^*-ll <~jSJI
LsjLII ji ijkj.1 apijili Jp ^"Ak^Vi Jjj US
. UJbJI p_^lj J.I cS^ 3 .? (_^!lj iiytUJ cr »l_lS' j>lJ ^Jl
capacity capacite %JjS <. jjJill - \
jjiJI 4JI J^aj jl J^>o LS.r~* J*"*' ,j» »>ULI
i_S»J ' j^* j' i-T-iJ-JIJ >-: — '' J*- J-^>- 'ij I* J** J
physical capacity *jjJ OjSj j»j . ^1 Jp
SjJii jl intellectual capacity i!^* j'
sjjji jl manual capacity CjjJ
.professional capacity
50
i^h\ - y
Sa>\jJ\ i»w jjJUII -0 jji cJ-iJI jjiJI ilU- (_/
i±\i jij capacity of enjoyment ^yrj>
*bVI £&\) .oUljJVI J^ j^JI JU ,j*^
w'L-^'l Jp ^yai^-iJI ojoi jkjcapacity of exercise
jjSLi jJI • s _ >o ^j^ . OUIjJVl; A««dlj jji^JI
lUaVI ^U j-J.1 ^vaJlj iii»VI jtJ^P J^J- 1 j^- iS^
iliill j I "U-JI j I oJI j I o>Jrl
capillarity capillarite JjiwaJI iTj?-
social capillarity ^iiil £ji3l j^^» : ^1
capital capital Jul ^j - \
»Ui jl 5j^!i ^bi J ^oi^-; ^1 ijlli J_^Vi
^Ij j. lili^. fljji iiUj . ijL^iVI oUaiJl;
: Jlij . V'jlJi- jl tjU ll* ji C*J Oj^j •** ' J^ 1
lillii ij^aillj t capital intensity iJ'U ijW
IjS 4^-jOj Jill ^Jj
capital capitale
f Oi^-J^I OUj^lil
. ^Vl ^UJ V-^ 1 ;
ia-^Ull - Y
Sj^SlI «jJtd«j 3>lll i-jS^- L-. ■*?■>" t? 1 i i jil
capital goods capitaux fixes £&Z*\')\ ^JLJl
JZ~,j UlwJI J J-l-J Jll Ol-Ullj 0VV1
Cii ^jj»; «ui »i*j . ii'V-'ju a,iiii oijiSii i^.
jf- Jijk; jjS^j to-L»- £w (Jll ^J g^fldl .jLj
wT-V
capital, human capital humain
>?
^^1 Jill Jilj
ji ^yji jai ^ij j^~ij ->~ij^j ^ . .
ii-UadVI <U«ldl ijLp J ij-~JI J j'j^'
51
CAPITULATIONS
J~JI ^>U <_JUi ^Jl J.ly. ^ Uj Suit ^1
. Jill ^ijj ijajlj
capital-labour ratio
rapport capital-travail Jiillj Jill ^Ij j£ CJl
j£j i_JL j*£-ll Jill ^\j jloi, kUJJb jj^aill
f-***^' J^' i_r"'j ^>— * rj^—ij 'i>> Cij J J»U
. Jl~JI jju- Jp ^k^/l J
!,_; i_Jl oJU Jjy Jill ^.Ij ii < OltLvaJl Jj
. iiLjJI iiJLT OlpL^aJI J l yuu^
capitalisation capitalisation ili^'JI
JL-i ^3 iT^I Jl 1 J}J ^\ jcx ^JUI JUl J\j
«jw J.U» (j-l— ' (J* L-S>«< t J»-Jil l-i» J^ Jj*»JI
. SJb'lill
capitalism, intellectual
capitalisme intellectuel
ij&ll dulijii
<J*
capitalism capitalisme
OU-ijIl
Sj^JI Jjl^ i^WI ijSQll Jp .^i ^jUaal .Hi;
olp^illj ^jS/IT t v j-lsM! JjL,j ji^Sfl dike J
iWll ."y> i>J^i <lj ^liMI j^&j ijUJIj 4-pL*a)l
J^JI Jpj io^l i-SQil Jp iJLe-ijji .u^ .ji^i
^ ^jii iiuj . Cj ii j^i ^ E b-yi Jpj jji
; XJle-ljll
jl^-l ^l absentee capitalism iJUJi iJleiji
io» jp iiij ii j^ oir^ji ^J\ j ^\ y \ ^jJli
tsl adventure capitalism s^Uil iJlHJlj
. Sj,j>. ji^i jp c^Jl J JiLI ^ jl^
controlled or regulat- iJiJJ ji SJUiLI iJlH^lj
tf 'j' ^*; /c^ ^J-^ 1 J*--*^ J^J ec * capitalism
. ^jUs^I iUJI
dike" ^ u^-j state capitalism *J_,oJl iJlHjj
. £_kVI JiL.j ^ kli j\ \jS &U- JjjoJI
i^w-Ufil \ c ^j Mj ^wjil jl < jt Jil IJU jUali j^i
Ij^wsl 0» V^T* J^J Olpj^ill Sjljl Ac- (jjclill
l^™* 1 US' ttJjj «i>ll j_,k; J ^L-MI J^Ull
4ii!l «oa tJa,.^ . ijUaaVI SL>JI «j jwj ^^dl
jUaJ -k_jj If^^'' L^-^^J Olf-j^til <£-\£\ oiLj J,l
j ( ^i ^j&\ oir^ji c^w»i diiju t uu*i
pJ ^j iULe-ij iJ^ M L-^jl L.-jii jo-bj Lrijbl
J~i!l J.UJI jla_. ^ Jill ^ij ^l^^i ^^jl
capitalism, popular capitalisme
populaire i_Q\ tiCl)\
*lj"yi J^ tt-y^r « <_«-iJI iJlclJI » i »Jt" ^U-ij
«jli» JLii ai JI^IJI »lkJI jl Jp . JUjJI i.lil JjUj
l-Ui tjlll ^Ij ^Ux^al 5^k,.'. «j11j t^iljll JJail
i£\}£]\ j. Jakk. M j>ISC ^i. ^ j\ Cui UUi;
jliil Ljljil li* >_jI>wsI Lji^-i Jl j«^>JI j^-j .1, i
~J\ ^Ml JsMI Jl c^A\ ULe-lj, iJ»UI olT^JI
Mj c^Jjl oUJ» joki»< ^ iSUll jliil ^ br L__j
. LzL^j iJU UjI^^-jI 5^k_- jp »M£JJ "yirf^ilj^.
oujji jijii ol>j ji~ji jjJ *j ji o^i iiior,
J;> JP ^illl OUJJI c__va; ^ ^^ui^lj Ja-jl'
-^ -b>- JJ t--;-L Ur t Uij^o ^jp -*j-*-i tSij*" •^•^
. i£_JJd\ iJLe-ijJI j^" CUT J)l ^-jUJI i*\^-MI Jj>JI
capitulations capitulations oljky'il
JL^-Vl JjOJI LU J ^1^>JI l^o:_ Jl oljU-MI
r' — ^- u*~ < — *j Ji V - "'—' J oljLi»Mi (Vyj
^ijj ^ jurvi j=- jwjjjS/i .iLpi j u^i jjjji
liw»l
SJji' C-^-^jI w~>»; »S^»JL ij^jlill LJui^i] i-aL/^l
j-^aj" OI0aU> j5Li oJtfli 1^^^. Jl JJjaJI ^iLJ
^^iJI JjkJ jliil <«Ji* oljU.1 i-Jr^l JjoJI Lip J
CAPRICE 52
caprice caprice jjjjl case history histoire du cas individuel
*JWl jjjli
J^. Jl jyij ~Lk^iil Ua ^JUs-j J»j .,j»ljll Cijll
caravan caravane iisUll *^" j&j .jr"W j' 'a 1 ^ 1 j 1 ^j^ 1 j 1 *i*j& °j^'
- i- . , i, ; -in - i 5UJI u*** r 1 -^^-' V^ 5 - b . ap Jj^h ^^ r-J 1 -''
jii^i Sj u" Lj 3 .i,uii ^ i>Ji >uii j* ^ ,J 'r^- ^ 8 ^ C ^' ^' *" °^ lj
^ . <J obU^i! CB JL. JM J^ill 6 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ r1 "^' ^ ^ '^
• L^** lS4"* "^ 3 "" /V^" J t*-* 1 2*p\^>-l
care soins *i^'
case study method
oNU» J >yU &? J\ oUaiJl i>;t, JU*i methode monographique flUll J-lJa <A>
its j jl medical care 0> ^J 1 <Jj& -*»j ■*-»-• iiio^i i-JUl oliUl «^- <JI *>^. i^ili ^t^'
mothers careiljiNI £l*j ji children's care «JjiUI Lp^t 1 UUi; jl *—> jl by CJIS" »!_,-. 5-i^-j it
jij protective care of juveniles^iCb-^l iXc ^ y\ J-^ 1 ^-L-l J^ fj* ^»j 'l»l* l»«^# jl U»~ U^# _>l
institutional care olilil J^-lS £l*jll J3 J*- 1 ^ 1 jr*^ ^'^ J 1 «-k»-jN ji^ j* *~~" *~L>* J
non-institutional care olilil Jj> j* Cf > s '^ 0( r~" ^ J -^ J " "^^ ^^ ^ ^^ l ^ 1
. It Af-liil olJi^-jIl j* UjJuj i^jj-dl 5j»-_jIIj iiU^>
preventive care £i)i y *& j : j*^ J^ i.^jl'j
.. „ .« .. .'.- ; casework casework iyill *iu>-
.curative care ■u>-^f •ol* j _>l -^
JUj (^JJI ijillj «-' i-t^NI oojjl (jjl» lS-^J
career carriere ^* Ja>- t ^4ll i°jill *iUL» tf£j| ^JL; ~ jU Jp ^-»j»_>!^ v-U jl «^t»-l otASjL.
jj^- ^i j^ji oi^j i>u UwJi suji jjjt ■ cU '^-> ^j 1 --' ■ c ^ i ^ i r**" SJ -> U '-' case histor y
• ^ j^j 11 *>rj^J V^.j V: A-i (i 11 ' ^
i^iji ^j iU-iJi» J* - ' j* 2J^ ^j*" *'■*'* yj
5i *-' ^^Jj-^ J-^. f& t> J-^. ^"iU^ 1 .caseworker i^Jl i.o>- Jl^l i^lll
cartel cartel Jii^ 1
.1 jubil j* J5v»i i^jLf (j^yu (jJ<«i-.il*ljil jl
^ , r» *^^' a* u*^ J ! ^* -active case ■w'U *JU- ^«
.inactive case soTlj JJU jSjd
case affaire tsjpojl cassation cassation jiSI
action : jliil jok. ^iU- _^p jjjl» _^» ^j^k t S^i'> J jxisll
53
Ik*. ^^ dUij Cv 1 Sjjuji (.isUSfi ^>v j <,
. l _ r iiJI aX>^«
casual labour or worker
travailleur occasionnel \s-?J^ J* 1 *"
. i**^«dl JLj^I J i.j!>UI Sjl$l! a*. i_JU)l j
caste caste ^&d yj^i
i ►Vjll jl i'ljjll l^L-i lil^l «U. UL*-
Jp SjIp ^ l/l class uJall j^ jl^Jj
-,/lrt-VI
^-f>\> iii^u> <~>y£ j iJuSljlaJI »lk Ctj. Jij
. -Uil j jj^j U
iikJl kkki ^ iBIUl ^ J t^i ^
castration complex
complexe de castration cUsmJI jaip
• 4 ^r-" *— '^*j" fij'" '-■:■"! <iiJJj <Jj-*»
casuistry casuistique eld^l
jL Ijlji jio ji j, }J>\ ^ ^jjlj J-juS/I
"1^ (_sTS~-i -**J • *~»jUii OL>-lj j ,. ,..a ;T i_»« iiU-
■ JH u" 1 ^ Ji> 0* JN.U-NI ji ik.^JI JI
catabolism catabolisme »o$!l
( ^Ji "jSlS^i; ( (jijvli j^ji ) ^vi ^^k. Jb-i
. i,l£!l 51UI J^kl
CATHEXIS
category categorie iLjJI
j! .LiSlI j, Jl£ii J* jlk LS ^_ JI till jj*
C_»j SjjSc^j <i_^« ijj^a; ^^k ^!l OlitsWI jl JU» V JI
jJkrfslI jik US' .4. JJI £j. tLi iikJI . sJL» J«f
cjl categorical attitude J~^5 ol>J| : Jlij
tOM_ji> j I Olii J Jjl-b-Mlj oIpj^^LI ,_•» .: ,/i:l LLl
J is^l>-J t 4_U^; JLJNI jSJi\ JJll lift ^_Cj
0,U)/l jSOr J.-.. A :II .U'^lj tijiJll oUU^-NI
jAljk 1 ! >w>-j iLaill ^LiNI Jv 4.UJI 4^-jI iJljjl ^
M jU^li iUiJj .-^11 ^iliiTj V^-Jj kU'l ^
' Jj«^ *^J>ji \J** ijU- jl 9y^>^ i_~>«i-j jl «. : k:,...j
. tJ-^aiU JS" J-J j< 'J^S' il^u-MI oi* <jl" U'lj
aJ^I - T
1-.UVI j_>~all iS-^l J^ 1 J r->Uav>NI Ij,- .>./ia.
. UUIj ^>lj <;>!,
social categories ^e-1,^.^1 otiH : jkl
catharsis catharsis tfte^
j\ \s- j: ^\ J,> \y. ij^ll jplill J^tJ
... tJI l _ r a>_ycJI jl If- ^j 4 ^-— I'
j* till oOA j^ Ja^JiJI JtiUNI ,j~iJli -*-A«; US'
jl -U»— J- OLI^k^il kIjJl>xj jjx^.^>UI j L»«U; jN
j^k" Je- a!UJI so* j iS Jd\ ^>UI .^ij .i_J;
cf. abreaction
cathexis cathexis
iliUdfrl £kdl
j I Ju_y Jja- IfjUJj tiJUi^l St\U\ Jl^i— I
'-'^J- 3 lij jtlk^all jjij .SjU- jl J»j jl l _ p ai»-i
CAUCUS
caucus comite electoral ^J?^ 1 *^'
^v c^yj "-r"^' ijli kjUcJl Ju,- ^ tjjs- censorship censure
t_jj>JI iik>-j i-.l_. ,*-^_>! jl *~** fl^j: »LilJ tUip^/l
54
illjjl
cause cause
aJUJI .«_— Jl
ill* _> causal (i ^U » Jlij c^Lj^U- ^i 5jj_^i!l j~j
jjj^^. ool_pJl »,b" jl ^l i causality i~L. 3 \
jl iUll ^jjH} .i»»-iJlj ^__!l jv i»">UJlj »_jS^.j
IfSJj «i-Ua!l ^fflstt. ji iol_j^P ii ^Jaj «i" "V Ojl_pJI
^JJ-^J- Jl tS^J; l*lj»-l JjjJ^xi .oO?-l_> ii^Jaj ikjljii
iU!l ^ 4i"sUil jUI t^l causation '-.. :: -Jlj
jw jjvjj" social causation £s.'C£ r s }\ ifjlj
celibacy eel i bat ji3l cijjili
^JJI j>!I Jp ^U- ^, jJai, tjrljjll ^op 5JU-
jiUj j* iL-jT ijj«!i ji i\yi\ u ** i ujl j»j
jU^jj tjj^Sfl Jl iJljLJI oU^>JLI Jw_ ^kjj
ana. bachelorship
cell cellule iiljij - \
iJ> - r
i-pljj-l jyili i.UJI l^^xJaj i^»Jt-l JL^NI OLL.»J
. i—ibMI •UaJ jl i-kS'UJI ikLJI i.Xf -ol -Liou »U- j^C
( ^^Jl ji«j ) j, Upj ( _ r iJI Jj ) «;U : iliyJ jU»f iJUj
iJlf-JI »!>\iMlj Jilx^jJIj i_.:^JI ilijN J-^-JJ
^>J iUjI cJJu-l lilj ...jJI v-^-il OLIjjllj
<j *^i U (5-oiJl Li>JI i--j-U J iili^jL -Udij
a_^»jij oi/ojij ouji ^^ c_r j* ^ijji jiji
. j_j«jjl JUaJ Jl Uj_j^Ji Oji
censorship, moral or social censure morale
ou sociale Xs-U^i\ j\ iiWl ilj^il
i^l^VI 4JI L^jlc" jjjlil f yJI ji J^l f Op
j SjjiLI ~«!l jl ixWI OpI^aU lti.1 J^ l^-'Uipl Jp
census recensement jloicll
jjjtS" iO>v« AjjIj J u»* -^ i>*>- J 9 "^ z"*- 1 ^' ol^-
... jJl iLoJlj
^1 ■' -'II 8jU£«l eljLu»l ,_^Lvl Jf jlj_iC!l «OJ
. iihkll oUUl \»\JzJic *~4 ^ census schedule
»U»-l JU j ^,^ai JtjUII JLwc-VI V ..,..J a»j
J»iS0i Ji>Ji J* iN-OJ llwi a, iu^Vi 4 jlSDi
^^ ^JUI j«JlI ji JjJ-l JJUdJ iLUll jlSHJ f tJI jt
jLoJI iia^il
^
55
center, culture
centre representatif de culture
^U- jU; t_5"y. j I ijli' if *j j^; ,^Ji!l jisCil
">U/, IjUil jS'SlI <Jj_^ J
central business core centre des
affaires
JuLj J>-l-^ -ULiJI i/y } ijjuil j-l>jil ,^-Jjll jS'J. 1
i~£_JI Jlil j^. jjS^_ U LIIpj tl,j
;lj=Jlj iljjlj jijljjl j* JipNI |( ~i)l J~i, -c£j_,
olidlj ijUJIj ijbVlj i-s-'JI
ana. central business district, central
commercial district, central
district
central tendency tendance cerjtrale
tjf'pi 4*33l
jUjJjJI yg j *i^J-\ '^T^. »U»-^I j -Uai
median JaL^l^modeJljIi^arithmetc mean^UsJ
^-j»l_j3i Ja^-Jilj geometric mean ^-.alil ial^lj
harmonic mean
centralization centralisation
JI ^Ul J-. ^_~^JI £l^l J i
jj'l
^Jll *lkJI i_-L_JI i^UI j* ijTliL j_^^iLlj
"wi-iJj l Jj-lj ^j-Jj jTjik j">U1 Sjbl
•decentralization
1 i, jT r ^11 ]
1-U.I ikL- ^Ty SjbNl J ijTll; J>_^lj
CHAIN SYSTEM
i Ji jU ^~»iij . J>-lj ( _^4>«-i jl *ii»J J I i#>- (J Oljljill
i-LiJI ikLJI »Lj l,J j>Cj (_ji]l ^-Ljll rj-^ ojpli
. iJuiJI ikUl L/ _5j Jl yVI
ceremony ceremonie tS »- l, J>' J^i 1 'Sjsj" 1
4jj,L_a^» OL_>-jJj (_pjj <UCj «ujai* OL-jljfj JU*1
L^jWI JUp^I
JlSCilj JjUIj
. l»j^P_) i«U!l
building ceremonies«-Ul y'Ui: ^SU-iJl f-ljJl j^j
Jjv«ll >«*"j toJjJjL-l Jlil .A— £> -Up ujjjj ^1
. J^^ill j^ xs. uPJJj seasonal ceremonies
traffic
£11
xp ijljSol
. ioJil
certainty certitude
certainty ij& ^ji^. certitude iJT j^ 3
oliil J-^T Uc; ol-iJ^ J-^'j ^.yf ^1 JjVI ji NJ
. ijPj^ijll ^y^ljjlj jAl^kJl;
chain system systeme de chaTne iLLlI ijjje
'&_?- jU «Ui^^l J J_»Lill »l»jNI ^oi^_; Uj^p
j*)\ j^cs- ill—il J J^-^i &.J* °-*-* *^' »j*^ *;'
i llj L-Lvl 0^^' ij^i j I i II ijv sjdl cJli» bl il— 7-
. ^Lill |»Sjl1 If-" i_ Tjv ^Ij lji»«J (_^!l Oj»UiiL; ila^xi!
i_JL Sb. jU-:">U lS -U!I »ijll J <^->JI x*
J j. jTUI
(^*.
. ijliil 5ji tUI — C jij _jJj — UU- jj*-
jr i_-ui .lijSfi j. i-^jii ii_ui ^__r y ' ji i^j-ui
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
chamber of commerce
chambre de commerce *ij^' **j*'
J-U-UJ i-i-dl L S_ > ^_. Jfr jUJl ^ j^So; OlL»
chamber of deputies chambre des deputes
parliament jU)' : Jai\
chance hasard iiiUall
Jj/qi plkJJ ii!U~. ijly* ijlj : .La»-NI ^
. Jl^Ni
chance factors facteurs de chance
i!Y> J c-J jjlUil U* ji NU L. Jb- Ji o_^Ji »;u;
^•j*^- »— »_/«! ji ^>- ji *&>cj ji USsjT ^^—i «;N «_^l>-
chance variations iiJuJl ol»^i-l :<Jlij
. ii-UaJI J.ljt JI
change, cultural changement culturel
cultural change : J&\
change, social changement social
social change : Jx\
change, technological
changement technologique ^j-jlyaal jJeJI
technological change : J*>\
56
character caractere *Jkil i j£«JI
jl aJjmJI jj^LvaiJI _jl Olj-JI J^ J*^* fU*
j£-AI olj-JI o-L» OJjJj 4 L. U»i«Ji jj:' ijS^LJI
iib>J.I Cti\y\\ »lj] tiU— j jl *) 7^) jl—ipAJ ( _ s — oJl
L. Jo- JI jliJI »)$i» J*"'-*-'. -*»J -^'^ />" ^"-* Oj^*
jSji\ jl L^L; liS ~}j!l JjUII jjSOj 4 i-^iJI »_j^i. ««
character disorder deso rd re de caractere
il>MI il>- c-....^ j!l oU>-iMI j, 4*^*
u^l^^l 0>u rj- 1 ^ Vj i-^-»- J^ly 1 l»U^« ^^-J
i_>jjiiii J*» ijT lijj -b-y l,^Jj .iJUiJIj ijU«JI
4.,/r>aJjl O^SsJ^* 5j_^? (J j^iaJj .iw"^il ^P <ul«il
t t ^i»ll Ob Jj »jjl *LjI (J Jj*jlj jilii jl *va* Jt«
character structure structure de
caractere jk*Jl eli
OUU'VI ^ aj;11> j*. J^^j Jil if^UI yliill
«LJI lj* >"- T -; ) -ji'j^'j » ; ,...^k1lI «iljj)lj i«i!lj
. ijH\ ij&- r-Lo «j^ J^jil J">U- 8j_)kj
characterization, area of cultural
region de caracterisation culturelle
^l£ll jj&\ "t&A
<Ua«jj£ 4pL*>- So-y ^saj\~a>- l^j jy°£ <£^<a Ajua^4
^!l iikil JI jjj ^ jJJa^ail »JbO_ i Ji } . i^>\^-
»jl»^_j a» ui i. 04501 i^juu*) 4»^c5' ii>LJI IjJ j_)kj'
characterology caracterologie fttjl JU
Jll V.UVI ^l>JI iij~j ^IJail J d^, (Jp
JJU>JI oi* j_k; jlS^.1 ti-^j tjljiNI s-Lt ■_'-_• ,^'
57
CHIEF
pl*j i^LJIj ^11 t^rjW) -JUdlj k r Jii\ to^aJI J
... jJIfl^l
charisma charisme Vj>j£i\ ' f$*^
tiaM i^UI j^ ~Ua*all ^j .3jUU «jU- ^IjOi
«*j j*j ' *«•' jUjV iji^ll iUi aL-^" ^ ^i J Jii j_» J
• ^*-jj Olj-lij ojjsU OU^»j 4tjl>- Sji; ,U«i
V^dlj JkJJ UUJI Jp jyjjl^l flkil j&jjj
l-U Jt J j^jll ^ fji L" jJij kuJUj ioU J»-l -^
. <o.Uj; ^UVI xi ^U^j <uli JLpS/I Jjly- ^ .UiJl
tlr 4 }£\ S~»Ji!l jl iJjkJI Jp i«+UI SjUJI JUiJj
ulill «Q)l
charismatic leadership
leadership charismatique
i-Oill jl iJjkJI ^UaiJI Jp »ji i^USJL! r-iy
jlS' ^ j^e-jll £>)\ Jp jlou Lf ^1 JJL5JI wi^ii
jj& Ji t pjlll jl ^jijlSOl JULjJIj . £_£, ji l! Jjr
»v»j J jjSL V (^1 l^jUaJ rjL^ jl «1JL!I iJ J
^jj r lp J^i Ji^_ a^!_, ^Uj J_U' g;i J ^j
charity charite OLS-^I
jjoill J, 5-jJ JjMIj JUai jUw jl_s-VI ij£)
JUL ju»ij i_pLAI oj\*i ji-UI Jlji^l j»J oLf VI ji
jU*ll jlTj .jljiVI *V> £ V. J*^ ti 11 ^r-jN
. jjjjJL Lib jLai.
Aj^JxJ' OLJij.1 ^>-il>xil <jjUX "jijjj
charity organizations or charitable or-
ganizations or corporations
C;\e-j3\j OtUil ^ \i.\y\ ^4 J}\ oUUI jtj
charm charme *3j!l .-.'.ILlI tjJb^eil
0-i jl JXC Ijj^x— lyl SJjj<cD jl Jijuj .»l»jj)l
(I i«*C )) L g**~J ijH\j Ja>JI i L^ jjl oJL^ibilj -cS^Ji j'
(i UU«j- i) (_5«— J J>«ii t/^* * ts" >^jj ' talisman
. ^UJJj oLijo^aJI 4-of" il_>- amulet
chart graphique, diagramme
ti»jlil jl gjUl ~.j)l Jp UUii Ljy Jlijjl k__j'y
ji jU^VI i-iSj oUU'Vlj oUSl jju ijlill «<
ana. diagram ^
chastity chastete Jjl^ll iiiwJl
\P f-Ux^Vlj OljyjJl \P ,j-JJI Ja,. ^ 4J*JU X^ai
oULJ^i ^oJ JTLL. ^1 Jp iijiJl li» <^jkj Vj
oULJi-l J Ul fjLJI J- 0«j ojU- Jo r-lj jll jl JJ o''- 1 ^ 1
Olj^ill ,j—i> jiQi 5'jl'j J^j" W <_/*J*" J - ii" i'- ; ^'
Ji i~-JL.I SjjyJI C-5" jl^^-jJI Ji>JI jUail ijjij
chauvinism chauvinisme Is-^J' 1 V"^ 1
ijd\j ,_j»pVI ^>^kJI i>-j-iJ ^J»jll j jlill
. iilSOl ijifcjil
■*»■' Nicolas Chauvin^l ,y *&i* iU5JI «i»j
^4 Up «_^Ji; L. jlS' Jij I l^ (JjVI i jj^i-l Jj^>-
. Ajt>Uj ijix— » **^>y JjJjU J?Ljjij *uJsj
chief chef trrij" 'f4?3"
-JiJ (J Jlili i~>-jijj jj^VI i^-UI jf. ■ttj!^ -Wai
. iLxll jl OjwJIS' ^jAA^. (JUj t£y*~A Jp ^1^1
If^V AJIj_jJL> iJljJI Olu^J.1 j ojS"^ ~C-j)\ Ji-ijj
Jk«; *>^i iJuu (^JJi j- |p;-Vi iU5UJi »i« Jp api— ;
ojS"y J*^ Jij • (j-^r^ iiJj- ^j^J r- 1 * -^* iiaJ—JI
i py ^1 oLi^JLi 5jIp jUf iJUJI »-L» jj ■ jU>-VLi
Jp Sj-lillj 4-l<JkJI OLi^Jlj *^^>JI SjLjilS' ipLj^l Ijj
... jJUUaiJI
CHILD BIRTH
child birth accouchement *1»'^\
« , : ViT ... ^ ( J^>- Sjj^JJI >-1jj jl ^y ^J_*>1 iiU^J ^_jiJaJ1
5j_iJi ji ^o <kA- yujji ^^a; ^jU" US' 1 3i~>Ji
child delinquency lelinquance juvenile
juvenile delinquency ; ^c\
child labour travail des enfants olJ^ JJuii
^_ 01 JJ iiLUI JL*^I J ilj^l -|j
JU*-I J jl »j>^ ^f J ,< $.1.«..~T J* *—Zjj_) »-»_/
J^*a>JI ^j«j j^^; *J_jL>J1j (Jlc-Jrl c-*^ **^' **^
JiSl\ J»JI J^ll ^^y jo^, dl! Jlij . ^U^l >dl J*
oIp-U jo^. US' .Jjla^l J^ii- Lj jj£ jjl j_JJ
(n ^j:_ ^11 JUp^Ij jv^lJci; jj# jjJUl <jjla^l J^p
S^i. jl <Uli <JL»*-I J j' "^ * frl-«-~" /"^-.j 'If-lj'^ 1
... 7JI i»ivl!l;
child mortality mortalite enfantine
fl_JI ljjjl»w jl jjJUl JUk^l OLij dlU JUii
. «-»jUfcl j. Jj\l
U 11 Jlik\l OU, iilj^fjjl oUljjJI ~j
(jjxJkl ^Ujil
jLijil »Sjb jIjJj'j oj^S' o^l ^
5j_SLll ^v, — ) I ol ii! oL»_jJl <J-L_«* «-L_ijjlj
jliwjil »\J» jl il L. OLI-j "^ 5jL->- Lji- iljjjl <_jJS^_
J i^Ulj J^jJI ^ Jl Ijl^aj jl JJ Ojll j»^S*jJi
i^^ail Js^jil j* IjOi^-l Oi l_y w >£o jl Jjuj ^-L/^/l
. 4a1i>«^ «Lp1^!>-Ij <u>w* oU^>- /». aJjjOI <uiiJ If i tj .^-
child protection protection des enfants
Jbxilj <Cjli* dj» 4 : i , ' i "l t^jJbxil *. -AflO *lj*-1 J5~
58
: JU.^1 j. <ihi~ C-\/\ i*l^^l i.oiJI o-ljjj
deprived » jJ>S\ jiUljabandoned jy>^ jiU 1 ^J
'^"j£\ £■ jiWIj homeless J ^jl. \ ^iil JiUlj
maltreated <£lii .il; ^iil JiUlj illegitimate
physically handicapped iljli-l i*l«il ji JJiUlj
joS^li ji JiUlj problem child jfill JiUlj
JT at- 1-1 ja jjjk je- »Hiij maladjusted
. 4 v_-,UlI ^*WI ji^Sj Jii.
child psychology psychologie de I'enfant
Jiiail iJ J& Jf . Jiiail ij>-ji_jSL-i
child social work or child welfare
aide sociale aux enfants jJj&U ipl^-^l X>4m1I
JutUil 4iL; J JiJail i-lji Jl JiJail iUj ijj,-"
Jx-j!l iijf'j ijC-l^-'i/lj i_-iJlj Jj^l^lII ,_y>-1_jJl ^
^1 JS'Uil Jj-j iji—. 5L?- J i_y_ (^JUI tJUJI
. U .^1 j-'W 1 jj^j Ui^L^.
ojIIaS' :iijiU\j ^ju oLidl ^. JOS' iJLaj
child JliL^I ilijl sSCj-j child clinic JuL^I
jS"^j child court Juk^l iU^ij guidance clinic
J lit \ I 'jttZ-A) child nutrition centre ^Jll ^jj?
child welfare jiiail Clij jS^ij child hospital
. centre
child welfare bien-etre des enfants
child social work
childhood enfance
4Jj4kll &-j4
oil*- <-XJj f^M' tj - J ^L^jll ilf' u~ I. 5JUII
iz early childhood JjVI a^iUI .J*-!^. ^%' Jl
59
mid. child- J*-*^ iiyi^\j ti-oUl j^ } tt-\j>)\ i,^
late childhoods^yiil^ikJljj^uJij^oUl ^hood
***'>' cM LS*™' ^ ls*-> •V--*' V^'j e^UJI J- y«
• preadolescence
chiromancy chiromancie . u£i\ giljj ^j
Jp l,j J-U-J L j^JI ij_jla>- otlji jiil IJi» J^-
^ J j^- d\ <r?^3 *^-3 4l*j V*'j*J dl-iNI j^U-l
. ij»JI jj^NI j»
chivalry chevalerie
Jx-j .OUI ih>L J*, ^jyjj JpNI Jxi.1 jp Jx"
Oli^iJ! olJ_JI iUbi Jp i^a^JI ^a«!l j <j£|l
choice-status position choisie i'j&v> iilSi
J jjiil IJOs l^l_, J}\ iAJ\j UVI jU^NI o\U
chronology chronologie
. ^jll l^ULJ &,
iilkl UjJjJjjT : ^ Jp U^j^lj
i oiy_JL oa»JI £j jt ^j absolute chronology
jhjI^' oc~j relative chronology ill-JI L^l^j^lj
. u *vd\ \Jl*J <r-^' u . ^I-*J-"VI
jSlijll (J...L.JI ^— JjU) IjSj pjhll i-ljj n^ Jli j
7t.jUl J*; ii^L> Jp ilN-UJchronological method
L^« Jf -W Olj5 Jl iLS'l ijjkil l»Ui£, ~JL J,\
. ^J>\y** a-^P
cinema cinema U£jl
CIRCULATION OF ELITE
. diljj «*a*a»Jll
4_pLjU jjiiil t^-b-l L-'l US' cijlJNIj Jij-iJI j^sl* ^»
ijlJNI J^ UU libit* lp_^ jijj i^lc't"' ili^S" ^*J
Ji>u_ C-o- U»^P j I MjJII j I atljiil J jiyj N idlj
^-A^JI <sJsJu <lMJo .tjvu» <_jl*** ij I* <W2^wj Jb>-jJI
4^- ljl..<lJV.J J I i >_..'X]I fr4«*lj ^" "— 'Jj^M \^_ ~ !l (J I
circle, vicious cercle vicieux is-jk} ojjjJl
jjp O tJl> JS" diy>_ l£j\* ' ij ij* 'J^
. iii% Up
vicious circle of poverty
circular reaction reaction circulaire
JUjSloJl £l^)|l
d_^. ^>-ioujir Sjiii jj jK"i j\ jsis3 squill
. tSj»-l Jl^p"V (JUtfl jv> i^ I*JJ-Lj l^'LUti^l Tt~&
circulation (economics) circulation
( i\Af ^f. J ) £ j^l
ls*->*" J*"" 1 " ^ijy J Uoa"VI »1p J «j J_yJL -Wii
^ j»3 J^oJI Ija jU J iijix Jll ^li^l J.I_^p ^
7rl lft .^a. U »_Lix^wj j t J^>-'j T".J3 *-^^* ^** (J* - ^ J3^ p>
circulation of elite circulation des elites
ojfl.,^;M < Jl ^a
CITIZEN 60
citizen citoyen Je\}.\ city, industrial ville industrielle 4f^' "&&
subject i;ij citizen Jf\js ^ *>JI ^ ^ ^ ^'> J < U '° Ua ^ ^ ^ ^ J '
j,& £* tf JJl j. J-ljlu ressortissant ^ ■ ^Mj Ji^ f U jT^ f >" Jl j. l^" Ji ^>l
i^;i W .gi ^ ^Jl ^_,a]l j ijoli ^LJi jjiJl city> pr , mate V j|ie principale ^l"^ 1 ^
. _U^I jl iUj» jl iUJI .IkJ -wiki ijoJ ' . ' " ' ' ' .
1 c ^1 ^Jl^l Jp jj^-J d->o iJjail J ^j>-\l J-uU
citizenship droit de cite iiljit J^ 1 -i^ 1 J* .A-'J '*l»l«!l cS^'j o!j£-\l j*
-.in.,, - - . .„ ,,,,.. iit)U-\i owj . ls>^i o-*ii y <> C 1 ^ '>' djtj
..--., I, - -i, . i .,, , .. ... . r tJ\l Jj«1 J — Jb , Ul <Jju» Jl Li
jr^°J ■ •—■"j" ^^' thj" 0* ^W^'J l5 3 jiJ •**^- Jjill t- • ■ l> w . i-
olijl j l^a^j aj'sU jkiyi ^ ^u ^j tkljll city, residential ville de residence
. 4-.JJI LJIJA^I ... - . , . f ... , . . ,
m J oollj 'i5j£ "O-u <A^ 4_»-L« lP* < *;-*^
city grande ville &A\ '*■?' *-> > «U»MI v-f j* •*-=*' ^r^ 1
(j-L/^l Jl jioi: l^ji IJij tJJLJlj Ujuf tl^ j»TI
^>S/b jt*. ^ r -b Ji^ ji^ ^4 ^ J. u ^ ^, 0jUU(#jUSV
jl jl5LJl j-LjJ li»j ojuU ij£ oU/ iJL»j city planning planification des villes
olSLJI SOs-y (i:^! ^U^l ji iJUSI i^ll yy *&\ JaJoiJ
J'Sarokin ^^j Jl^il ^1 ji ^b)/l ^^1 J\ <^^\ ^ „ j^i j^ ^ j^j^li j)^
' c^^ 1 '^' ti»>JI ^j tjjll yt sojo*. L—l ilu c i^^JI ii;*JJ Jaiiphysical planning ^alll
tip^>-\l iiJailj jjUI t jlSLJI j»Lj ji ^-JU' tAil^il trj'-^j J>j u^" 1 —* a* ij - ail ^W-^ 1 •*;■*»"" c?'
. JpUJI J.IL ii*tr\l iT^I ^ ^1 JLil *UJ^ iSC^I wJ j,-^- ^' U>j
metropolis ^jk <LS, 3 borough sjL' : Jii • - UUJI a* J'^ 1 8li * (^"
«u.. ..__ •_! -I, ■ , tlj* ,> «_jl jail Jiiiii jl /^•Ua-'i/l , IpI ic jj
city, commercial ville commerciale °^ C. ■ «^"<-^ ^s.->
ijlidl i2aii d^ J -^ Mj i/tf^'j tS*^»^" JaJa^ 1 ^ j**
, I, ; •?- , ., _,, . ,, J i-^lllj iiUaa^/lj i*\^\l i_Jlji-l t> jLull jl
.,..„,„ , , _ ■ *L.l>x. ;o»-l j iX>* ,jj ">L>^_. O^o jI^j JaJaicil
iiUiM ^Jl £ jy ^_^ l^.U Jt>U j. vJWI J J . yf . ^-. . .
• UjLj city region region de la ville iiail «^l
kj^ <ijUI tliil iu o^ ojU- ijUJI jail .ji-j iikjt ig\ tl^.aii jl ooll ^J Jil i-^jUJI UUdl
• * -
61
CIVIL STATUS
SjU- -UNI jjS^_ liSUj .Jit I io-d ^L* -Jil Jt J
. 4ik>^» Oljji-»i jjp y^NI jail j* i^j-^f j^-
ia-dl i^N bw sjUjIj ioOil Jfil ijAp- OjliJj
• ^J^J jlSLjl iiliTj O^Lsl^l j^klj iikil 4*~l?j
ana. urban field
city settlement area
region residentielle de la ville *L>A\ Jljii ~&l*
city region ooil Jfil : ^l '
city-state etat- cite &j1i iJjj
ij^L^ S_b>-j (_jN v^ Nj i\jc — • iiji j£jZ ijj^
ij-dl tljj L. Jl ju:_ ijjil ^jj ^Uai^-lj . Lit ^1
J «S; iolj jl»L\._j tijij _^u»l jo* Jp J-^. i^J
. i^-kiL ia~*j Ji\ iiladl
ojTy lxt ol_,UbJI oJL» o-ifJ; (^_»- -jjjil ijLijJIj
. ijUdlj 4^_ailj ij£i!lj 4-^LJI iLutJ^I Lj
civics instruction civique *Js_>!l ijj^l *!<•
t OL>-ljj ^yis-j u?^J <uJail .y 4at)UJI aJu \p Lt^j
• ifJ^yh cSj^-oil j_>)'Ull 4-iljJ ,jfi\»- f-yj JjI^jj
civil disobedience desobeissance civile
jail OlJull
jlji^ll iajliij itUJI J»- 4! jl f-jviiJI ^yiij
iJUallj ^L-JI jrl»^l J-i ja iUij ciJ-dl OlkLH
_djj jip jL*a*]l lUA iSy ^ ***J .i-«* s_JUx* ^J-JbxXj
. iJxil iUiNlj ijyljill jL^aPj i^Jlj^il »bl
civil law droit civil 'Jail 0>USI
jjiUJl J-<£j (J! I itUJI ,<-(-" l~>- JJ jlaj jU; A^>J^I (J
. fUJI
(Jail jjiUll l+«ko Jl iJ^UIl iajljjll J-<ijj
tj (jCjbjf- i yc~e-\^>-\ tjvjbuaj *djJv*j\ Oliu j*tl)l (J
. iXlilj y;UJI :W .JiJI
civil liberties liberies civiles ^uioll oU_^Jl
<U*dJ (5*~_^ J-*-^ ^^ s-^r^JJ 7tJ ^jl OL j>*jl ^
'r*-J£>J . L«J <U^P <uLp J , .,^ > J I yi^*J ^ "\^1 ^ ' '-'j^
^\i^lj 5J_i>ilj yiJIj ibSJIj Jjiil i>>- Ob jjjl »jj>
... 7JI ilij il OjJj
civil rights droits civiques i^ait J_^i>Jl
t iljOjl J c^ii' »^Jr J_>iU!l lAjjt ^!l Jji>JI
»Lx>JI jl;i>-L iLadl i^L—JI jji>JI ^ Jff"l ^)
i o_jil_^l If ^u^ ,Jlj ^*«ilj i-»L_JI j_^«l (J iS'jLiilj
(3ji>JI jp j.«.:7 l,-'l US' . ( ;L>-^I jjj aIjoII bltj (_jl
U jl J ij<~]ail
. ijdi
i-4-ldJI l^U-9 ^Jl>- J! iJjjli
ji_j)/i j^ juii j-^ii jr jp_, t jis^ij oujii
L_jf_ J!l 4JL»Sll iJail jji»«il I jl-U; j, .<i;t (\MA)
. jlUJI J jLjl JT If. «^. jl
civil service service civil
Ju-jIi
<_JfliUs»^ oil ^ vl-iJ^JI ^p^JI (J iJoil OUUiJI Jl# »-Jl
civil status statut personnel
, U-, (_jill Jail j^Ull Ujo^u Jl 0U./1H 9y>£-
oOA J^Jjj A«^>»il J jljiNl (ju L« i^»UJI J»jljj"
IJL& jO?«^jj .^ajuul sjiy^j 4ii3^*j ^*i>xJuJu OUwaJi
gi (/ ^_ JJI S^Sllj LJI ^^O J!l ijjjl; jTJil
CIVIL WAR
civil war guerre civile &sh\ j &A\ ^>Ji clan clan
62
t^ JT JjUo iljoll J>-b u^.y Jy. ^.j- &
i jWI Ol^l jl J 3^1 jf. ijjil ^^,JI Jahiij Ujjjl
. L5L-' Ijy
civilization civilisation
«jLs?JI .ajoIi
^j fUij-j!lj i_^»jll Ji^J tojljjl _Ui iJjll
j'j»-' l5 J^-^j ij^—'^' jj^' J*"'j* 0" ^*L" iL"-^
j»Ui» Jj JLe.^-Mt Oli*>U]lj SUJI (jjiL. J »Jlill
J^ j, £^11 J Jis; ^1 j^lj ^illj ^JUl JJI
■ JW>
civilization, pre-industrial
civilisation preindustrielle &L*|I Jll u ijtii-
^ill l»j_jkj J «jj (_jj;: — » J I C-U»j Sjl*i>-
^iwaJI jl bjJJ l~JI Sjl*i>- Ji» tUJij il^JbJI ^^i>JI
. XAI j\ jZs. iuLJI j^ill J
civism civisme &Jl«ll i&ljil
JUai jlTj t.UJI ^JUJL, ^1>1j <d»jj Jaljll ,^j
. i-j^ 11 "j/ 11 ls>U- <>!>' u*^ 1 J-*^ 1 J V
citizenship iil^ll : ^1
ZSjJj j t-L>-lj l?jjs> j I U^- Jl [C*^l ^1-Vj JLJI jfc*^
. ij£t&\ j* (-It Jill J j_^Uijj a-ls-lj 4;SJ^ ,J oily!
. iJloJI
jUjIj tribe iLjj t sib jL' : ^1
phratry Jlzs-
class classe 4ik!l - *i
jT/. >^' J^ f 11 *" lK 1 - 5 a" 11 ' cr* »J^ W
jjj-lij -^L* j_jSo" (jjJJI ilji^/l J^Oj i«Ji»« j^- iiJallj
jS"jLI_j ioUaa^/l iJUJIj JUdl j ^^i^JI fr^"". f"
,J ijiU<iil ^»^
iiJall
ij^-UI ^j^j Jr*i)
...jJI Os-jJI i»-jjj Ol»Uf'^lj 5UJI Jar'j j^JI
social stratum iii,
■".y-
: >l
<ei
claim revendication
iJl^l
i^LJ;-! ^JlUlj ,Ui!l Jl *Ud^l ^}S ijb^l ol^LI
clairvoyance clairvoyance LJUiui^l
^1 «Jlij!l j\ ijj^i'. ji. .Li^/I ijj Jp ijjjjl
. jlS^lj jUjil iU;l JLfcil
c>u i>-j-c* ti' sub-class i^tji ii <JI*J iS'Jii^'
. iUU ^l universal class ilT ii_j tL^t -*l ij
j^^aj" Uj^p finite class ijkLx. jjSO ai iUilj
infinite class IaI^ jJ- iij jIj*"VI j* bja>»< bat
iiiT empty class iJU- iiil j^sC' ai tfiiiT
non-empty JJI». ^ ijj J'j^ j'j^- .y'j J^' ^S- 5 ^'
. tLif-'VI jik jiS" } \ JJ» jjp Je- t£y>C) class
class, leisure classe oisive 4^1 ia3i!l
I g*-^J J.. r^ i l; ^-^>^_ jJ* «^J>J.lj i}j>~^.\ 4tASI
63
CLASS CONSCIOUSNESS
gpUJI c5>— i- 1 J* JpI ^~^> tSy~z. £*Z ji l ^t*-VI
£-jiJ • V— * «JI_c-M -l»Ly (/■'>; v^ f^' JJ^;
class, lower basse classe ff l i ^ ti»
jUjl iiiil : ^ J] UL*-i JiJl aJJ! ~£;,
~°J^ j* J^ 1 J 4 OjSo'j lower lower class ij».
OUJall f*j&Zj ij-lll JjaL. 1^1 J jy_«j jjJLU
Jilll Jji AiJollj ij^U-^l l _ s i>^ ^>S/I ^LV^I
'J_r~«iJ uyj^ jIj»I <>• OjSo'j upper lower class
.oUjjJIj ipt^all Jl»p j^ ^Ji^j VU- j-j-I *L»-I J
ijji-ll jj^\j iillijir Jx-jil iiJall olv Ju^j
... ?J1 *Jj3l f JJ? -^J ***
<yj .iji Oli iiJaS' UUII iiiail JI LIU Jijj
jup, iJ^Liu^ ijSUllj a^UI L. i^UJI u-^ 1
5^.1 LJI ^ j!l_, ji^Ljll j. ijO^il JU-S/I
. . . ~JI SL>JI <-jjL.I_j iijjjl JjjJI J jyji
ijs-jll i>-LJI ^ 5jU iTIjli^l JjjJI £^ij M_,
i^iiij ikljl Sj_^s J JJaJI jj^l j_p.j j. »j:_ ^ tUJi
class, working classe ouvriere iUill ia_k)l
«-$i>0 v_-~J »*2»Jll OLU* ^ru j^ LjjJI Oliiil j_jliij
jp -iliUI ^iS'Lijj ~- ikj>J.I ijjjjlillj -Jt^'j.j
proletariat L.jliJ_>^ : Jil
„,„„ -l4(l , f ,^ -^, class conflict conflit des classes'iill i-ljjl
class, middle classe moyenne ik-jil jijaJl ST^ C- r ^
U~ ^"j ^>J.Ij JJaJI ^jOJI ,\iii J jlSLjl ii
Ja^ iUJI o-U jljii ^ij .LUJIj JiJI j^xiJiil
5^1 JUJI_, (jyib^l J—iij oioilj Jsijil ^ ^^L.
SOJUI ^1 J-^oj ...j«JI JUpS/1 JIz-jj J^JI »L-jjj
J»«il_j OliJI ^ljl»-lj JJjL_II y_Jij iSJaJI 8 o» jljil ^
class, privileged classe prlvilegiee
ikjiikll 4ilk]l
upper class uill ilLl
jUJJI Jv jJUiill ^jvo ^ Llj (^JUI f'l -ail
. iStiJ.1
class struggle ?_2Jall ^-US3l : Jijl
class consciousness conscience des classes
class, upper classe superieure
: j»\
iXll Aikll
■V'Jll OliiJI Jp 5>_JI Jp ij^UJI £^>Jil U>
^Jall oJitj .Ui^Jj L-'j^'j i^SOl LUiL j^S^
4iJ^' ^jt ^LiiJij t>T JI £^i j. LTLi^ J LUil
^1 "^jll
ij Jij^^' /«* J'^^^ J^"^ 1 i>* J>-y!l IJA < >-Uaj U iw
X^J>; iyiU i_Maji^JI jJUall jl ilicMlj cijJall ,-^ii
false class l _i_jlj ^5lJ» ^} : JU>^
i;pL>l ii-i» «» .s^ill j_>-j; (^1 consciousness
OLL. JI OU-w (_r— >- tlJJi_j *f^- t-ftJJ (.s^i ^
CLASS CRYSTALLIZATION
class crystallization cristallisation des
classes J^ j^ 1
i^^MI i_Jj*JJ Ol>\>^« )\ jo\j*j> iSe- ii\j£\
ijt-^VNI OUUai) La — J JS-iJ ^J ljw* /•"-'f lj
jlj t^Jail J_^' ^r" *J^ *=rj J ^^* j_j>j W"-J
Jvn jL«l UJ» i«jj iJ^ jjh>u_ ^jijl ^UtiNI
i J>--dl Jii ) j»-l jL«i ISJs LojI iJW iJ^» j_^~.
OU, : klli . ( i>L>JI iijtj tS^-Mlj i<ddl_j 'i-fr^J
^r—Jj toJ^JU *»*-^lj j_j£j tiUi tj^i J ip^Ml
l iUill OULUI ^ J>-ljdl J, Jii J»- Ml iJU
<U J.I ^r-"U^ ^jbcJ ")Lt^9 l*?* 2 ^ J^™' ^^^i Icr*"-?
. <ui«U- ijiJJI L»ljill jj£jj i*l^>-Ml
class identification identification des classes
" s^kJi ji-j3i
class consciousness ^-illJI ^j-^ : jtl
class interests Interets des classes
7>» ^jliOJ -A» ^Ij ipUjLl L._ ^ r * ^1 *jLall
j_>f!i iAt- k_JjC tSJll j^MI tS^-MI OlUail »JUk
. ji)l ^1
class structure structure des classes
'^Akll <__Tj3l
ioUtj^l f-Uij^l ^-Ul (Jt ;»wxil oUJs ~«i (_5 JJI
. Jl_yMI ^jjj ^jl»wl ii^-? *1»UI iiiall Jl
-: j. olik ^jl Jl i^VXI oUU'MI ^U J*
i«lL> ^"j social class i^lli-MI «Ja)l
non-social class ile-Li-MI ^ iHjlj t s^lill
pseudo-social iaijll i^L^-MI ilillj 4 j^U+l lS'
olOf-Lw ,J* jjJL^u jjiJl j^ jJb; ^j class
«^Ull jJUaJ <-->^ '<&& l^-l ^ ' Jd>^'
. antisocial class
class struggle lutte des classes
64
'^ikJI fy4\
j/ ^jt. jjir i>j tu. kiDJo jj-^sii
WJJJ
j\^t^fi\
&
\j kl^JbJI
L^
U-il
m*J>«11
. Jlj,Sl!
j^ill f-ljjl JiaJI ^1^1; Ji-J'jlll j^ JWij
^ji.\ k^U.1 Jt Uil Lclj l»o?-_j iiUiaMI J*lj«Ii
.QljLuMlyiU-ll'Jl^l > ^ jjdl Ji. ojUJ J ^l-J
class consciousness JJJ' i/'j" : j^ 1
classless society societe sans classe
society, classless : ^k;l
classicism classicisme &U&II a^Lu^SJI
iJdiJI Jl&iS/l SUI^ JI JII jiilj ^Ml J
L.I . oljUJI J-'l^'j ^Jji-Ml ij-if-j SjXiSI rj-<»j;
j^jOIj t SjSLill ifjJ-jC. ^Ml ^ ^^.1 J
J£\ J v^L-jJl; ^SL-^I JjLij »UI jjljl ,>
. JIjp-S/I
j^iil >-ljl J OUJ iUiaMI J iJLLtll i-jOllj
jvj j^j jjj^.jj ^- r jT ^^' j*j ^* ^ Ul
classification classification J>,;./rll
J^ oli J] otui ju^; 4.L* d^Ji ^Ab. J
oU^j iij oj_£ j^j:_ L. ^ Je^*i\ J iiiHj
65
classification, occupational classification
professionnelle 'j£\ ■_'■»_; jy "
jlSLl) .U!l jIjuJI , ^ j^il .j,^- iiUj
\
J oL>-ljj o
I * /»
cr*
classificatory kinship system
parente classificatoire ' <\_- V |t £|iji jU
j^Jj a^l j ij Jp V iJ^Jl 4 L < ii£ i Jo; il^ilJ j_j
^UiiMI Jp Jo; »* iU& .»_jjliMl ^ iii, Jp
^ jjiil V ;pU-I jl ^1 1lC ». ^tV ^j Jp Jo;
. ix-^V^I S-b-jll
cleavage scission •Cjaj'tfl t JUii^l
^-^p r UiVli ^l_JI f lkJI j! a_-LJI ipU-l
J»IoaS|I OLi, Ji^Nl Jl .UiVI wj-j; oij c JUjVI
OU.I/MI ^^ _,i LJl j^i jjUj j\ i 4_.i_j|
jj£ oij £ji ol.lj^-NI ji iiUI ji oU-jljjjoNl ji
( ^j.ir i_-i_ji uu-i jjjSi j Su»L »L_iVi
i^a oUi*. j. jjScj (_jiil ji eisljk Jl _iii
»L_iN/l Jp Ujd\ J| ^i_ji J.U3I j,^^ .^^
J j-i-jj J-ju jl ^LJI .IkJJ Ij*, j& i^jj Jl
»UJI
clemency clemence
jt- jjLjJIj i_jjil jp JLLJI
-U
. ii^ijl
pardon jiji : jn\
clergy clerge ^j^il 'j"-?^? 1
US' ■^v- il JiJJI i--^ ^£ Jil i^JI iiJlt
CLIMAX STAGE
•iljj; w-!Ua± (^V" i_ij»- »Uic.l 0»-l Jp iJ^JI Jo;
^i^U clericalism « ^j^Js"^ <pjji , jii_,
illjliMI J i-^JI J» jc ^Ijl, ^Jll ^LJI iujl _,!
.a_-LJI olS>Jl ji ^Ij^SlI J,> j*. ^1 jjti J
client client Jl*«ll
tSJll £lill <-^l J* iP^^I i.JLUI J (( J-~JI »
niJli.» Jul iLJ Up Jlkj SjpUI Uli. Jp Jlk,
4_JSCtii j ^^ai.i^UI ^U-\ J_u_ j*j case
*•-*>■ Cjjj>J jl JL* J—u«Jt X^ai^tj »l c **Vl jlj Uij
^jUaaVI ^jUJI Uj^Ji. J il^ill JUsJ ^ J^ill
. il^Liil oi* /w *LpU; J <jli ij«il jlk; Jl ^ip^Vlj
climate climat
^U_Il t >Jl
i>il J»c»w J ijJUl ,_/»l>JI Ijl* ^UJu a^ii
i_-uVl «>aU1I »U:'l Jp ^V-lU social climate
i*l jl U^Sf ij*-J ^Jl
eji climate of ideas ts^&ll j-L-ilj
. i^iU- Sjj^ij 43_j-iLl ijUi>Jlj vj*" J^' ?y$
*—>} 4 u&W J^ &* IjJ-a* >L.| IJ* j£i,_,
climate of opinion »1_,VI r-Llij . 3jU^
Sjj J U ip|_»,- zyj; jji oloiJlljOljjkJI ^i
. Li <&>■**
climax stage etape du point culminant
j_j>J ^ilj i^j^i^JI ijkll y: J i^>JJtA tlz-j*
kUJj ij^ij .jjly ilU- J 4^-jJjS^^I oli^UI Ly
>~il jTJlI ji ooil jT r ^ oli%Jl ^ ^j^ Jt
. ijJil 4J ^ tsJil JiSl\ j\ <, iLu>J.I >UI ^_, Lj
CLINIC
clinic clinique
5jUI
ajj i..,...i-,ll jl iJ-UI ^lyNI Os-N cJJ>!l r">Wj
jL-MI 5iL«r ^ly"^ j» Jvu> fj r"^ 5a Lull ^^sit
polyclinic i,U JjSc J_i UT . JU1*NI ji o.jll ji
itinerary clinics «U^» V settled clinics
clinical psychology psychologie clinique
oll>u^l
A J± fr.J u~^ ] ^ fjj -* 3 " 1
:j I a Lull Ji_Je jp kUJij i^ r '^f-j i_iJI
child guidance clinics JU1*NI aLi_,l olaU-
obl—Jlj <. yUiNI JUlsNl o^l. oVU- SaU
*iJ.
,■31
iJl
jNUJI
psycho-educational clinics
} \ J_^?JI j -Jdl j^-i J^»s ^l
j^.J.1 ilxj-^! ;L_iJI olaUlj . ^joll aTjL.
j^"j clinics for juvenile delinquents
JiJI ^Jai] ^_iJI ObL-Jlj oIj_^NI ^Uj,
oNUxM li^-Jj psychiatric clinics
clinical sociology sociologie clinique
JLi&y\ gUarJIi ^
sociology, clinical -. Jtx\
clique clique
4 — iJ» J^ 4—frjiu jjjSol 4US\>o ipljjj S-Ij-j
iljL-il f oi Jp ji^VI Ip* v Jf Ji ( -Ul^
aU-I—l jc* _^-a -k>- Jj (J^aJ' (♦v***! [** ^J^*iJ (*^*
band
°sJ '■ ^
66
jl,j;_j union security iUJJ j.^1 >jj"
J> v iu \^ \>j£\ Ij* j!> i-l*- ii-a; OLlill Ji**
. UjJI ^jU-<»I Jaw <ul*
open shop « i>-_^ill sitj.1 » UU1I Sltdl JU, j
closed union syndicat ferme iaikLi iuUl
»ljl jl iljjis c ijX oJU il/il J I (jlsJNI »_J-J
. iUJL jUdNl Jj JUJii jUu»l
i^iJi ojjfc Ji« liL^p oLUi Jj^jj j^l ApluaJlj
jS~ o\S~) . closed trade iili. ii°j>- } \ ~Af-\La j^>
Ju> lS Ji* \c> JjIjj craft unions ii'j^
jL'iiii
a*
closed shop etablissement ferme iiLiil elilil
. ^pilyj^l j O-U-l l^j i-LJI
club club s&\
. ♦Aj^ •?— 'J l~»jl' *fj ki-»^ **^*! i*^'j* Olijl
5o?-lj i^» .Ijl »aii U Ifitj 1 t-iLill i-Ulj jUlsNl
lj^I »aii U l,^«j t JUjJI i-ijlj ,jyj«il iXlS"
t ^jSj-jW »'_>* i-'-'lj V^^.j" *i J j'^^' »J»-ljJI i'ji'
. iijll i-u'NlS' i-»- 4J'j«r ^ Jl*i f-b 1 . l« V*J
cluster grappe j*^ 1
coalition coalition <Js^b')fl . JiLeA\
Lwu *UJI ^J*-^- oU 4jL*aj I** jja>x^j ULp 4*^L*JI
67
. SO^Ij *]jj JjjU^T ii^ ^>OA iuU l«Jb&j Jji
code code zj&\ ti'jjl
jy\ji\ £jj J* £ji, i^UJ! iou^idl ^j.ajl
Jull J^UH Ji. V. J^JI J^Sf ^ v l_^i J ^_^
code of civil tSA\ ouil^il j^lij civil code
penal code ol^iJI jjitfj procedure
code of criminal procedure ii'lJ-lolif^-VI jytfj
code ^ j^uil ^ cJ^l j^dl j J>_ y>
JpL^I ^_^« Jp '\j\y- jlkj law ^ j^liilj
. ^Jlilj
COERCION
jlS" (^Jjl ywil tjJUi^ tfjiJilr <w~i)l *• fjfiLI IJ»
breadwinning
S^ltA)
jjiil
j**«^jl <_£^
code, moral code moral
JjJJ jjli S^bJ ^_j cHv" o*'*~*^ a* °J^r*^.
jjv Jij Sljll ^Lj^I j^UjL^l home-managing
jj»j obf Mlj LiUaal Sljll jjwJ SAj Jju fjfiLI lj»
coefficient coefficient J*Ull
^li- cS-UI <j)\ jl ^lill ^» .L^-VI j J-Uil
yy*i coefficient of correlation
coefficient of variation .. ;-\\
«UpI l^Li_, l^_ j)| ^jQij opi^i ^^
. S-Ujl J< ilbi<^ OU-jJ ^p
code of ethics code moral de la profession
"^i iJjLii jpiji
Ji- J^ll J jl>Sfl ii_^ r SU i : ji ^_ j!l ill
SUiJlT L^L-l soj-ijii i^ii ,ui .>. Jit -ul^l
... jJI *U.Sflj jjf.UJ.l_,
coding codification otfQl jj»Jj
jp \j l y>\^^ i ^>. punched cards i'jillotfUaJ)
coefficient of colligation
contingency coefficient
coefficient of regression
coefficient of skewness
U.Uki
-*J Jj-V 5 j*
It
ty 1 ^ J^ J J V^— ;j vl^Jl £>-'».** ^- ,tJ c-j-UI
coeducation coeducation iitkil -j£j|i
^t— ** i-jjdl ^ j^ oUVlj jjTJll JU;
^L.1 Jt j.ji UT ^g-^l jLSllj JtUll JUOJ i_JI
JI j^j:_ Jldlj UiJI s^JI J oUlj OUwJI ^jl_:
coercion coercition « , ^')' , ' J^"^' ' j^"
j> ^Ujl j;> jp LIU ^; J}\ j\^~y\ iX*e-
Jf. ^'Ull ^j^Vl lj»j .jL^VI j *i;^ ■*■-» J^
*»|J»1 jla—II jl Jii-AI *J l/»>«; 5 j^-"j J^U^-Vl
o^piLil iJoJI 5_^iJI Jj jl» jjP iJJJij (_jjll 3j^«j 4>IjaI jw
JbJi^l jl ^UjVI jjjk jp ^-_^_^_JI C»-UI j» fl
. i_jjjcll jl
LW_ji-^> jl L»j^i jlf *jll jl c-I lil jjjUll Jj
U»-jU- ol^TMl j_j^_ jl i_j£.j l«JjUw C-Uaj <ip
( _ r i«JI j_yii jvju M US' ">t» S^iJI -£>*^' LJL—i V
' ^J 1 ^ (^ ^J ^^l ej — aJ 1 J p^?* J' J^ 11 J*
. ^L. .bSfl Jp *IVI i_^
(5 1 corporal coercion JjJI a\_f s i\ Jlij
CJlS'j t 4I&I <ip *<jaj j I 4^,j jjj i. ■jjdl j~»-
. ^jA» lei ^jU *L^j)l »JL«
COEXISTENCE
coexistence coexistence
J*'
'di
^Ijkll ^ fusion jV-^^ 1 J^ cT .^ 1 '■** ^^ "^
Jj>.
integration r^)"
_,>o y
i\-a>-
ijyidl jjc iiiUxJ ^» jl t j*-MI ij^*^' ij [ ~-?)\> V^*i
j>-lj»- l^nlii'ij l^ljij l,-'bU- ^ «i ^~"v *ijS >'^
pacific ( _ S _..I...H J^li^l : i-LJI J Jlij
f-L>NI J* JS"\ j\ tjd)3 JU'l (^1 coexistence
jjl icil 4Jl£>l ljuj l»jlla>-l (^jliJ >_Jj3JI j*
coffee house le cafe J^
\Aiy~j jU- -U-L* Jij -f - '^' '—■*.> *Uii! !lii»
J**! I OU-L- ^ja-^- >- ■; ; f'yi" Oljjl SjIj j Ujliilj
. I,. JU^I iUJI ^IjJ (_/»*! e^J iit«
cognation cognation
f')\ &}
•jk \jjj^>^\.\ ,Jfli>Jl ^j\—t 4j\yd\
4 *=r J- *-rij»
Jli 1
matrilateral
f
Ml
. agnation
cognition connaissance iSl/i^l t il/ll
68
cohabitation cohabitation iS'jiil i^Slill
l$>-jj •U^aj; *r^"jj" J^ 1 <J »'j^JJ J^"J' *"^"' — *
coherence coherence -laM 1
yL" M £j~*f- li^'j 1 ^J'jr 1 -^J> 5js "-' our*
■ V
ii «J^ jj J!l2il cjijl Jladl j Jifl^li -Uaij
(,5j>-l J5li>- •» (»f— ^ CJlS' lil i^->^a jj>J t^l
incoherence s3^l» « Ja>l^-3lii Jjlij
cohesion cohesion
iL-ul!l
. <*L*JJ J^loJI VJI J jjX ^1 vr^l oU^UI
UTj ^LjLI Oi-U' jbjl OlitWI o-U Oibjl LJ&
jjaws i^-jWI apLjLI _j>u il-^flj Oli!>WI »JA C " »."
. J>-laJI iUyi
^JJI oUI jl j^iil iiv=> jiadl J liJUtil; -Uaij
cohon cohorte Ji^ 1 '^j* 1
i^-j Sj^i J/tA>- Ij-Jj cf 1 "^* -xJl^ll r-y^ t«J-^^ *r**j
J_» Jl jj,l ,/j 1 jj'jll jL-tJI i^l JjXwJI j-jij tiiOa^
** jl» cohort analysis j^!' J^-; ^j-^'j
JtA^ ^ji!l jijii ij^ \j ^jX j!l oUUI JA>j:
69
coincidence coincidence j* 1 ^'
collaboration collaboration , y0 \ r^|
. J^J.1 jo.li ^ jjUl ^^WVI lo,- a^ai un-
collecting food stage stage des collecteurs
*»>■ Jp UUI j-^>;j ioljjl iijj.1 JiSLii o».|
. food collecting : Jai\
collective action action collective
. social action ^e-llkJl JliJl : ^l
collective bargaining negociation collective
ijPU-JI i>jQ,l
.bargaining, collective : Jii\
collective behaviour comportement collectif
"^^jwwJI iJjlljl
e^U- ^ ^U^ J^UI ^ i,U'lj OyU^I
■ ^«^lj 5j>> ^_Uo £** "V t^i ^oJi; ji, i j-VJ T \
^Lv'VI iljLJi u o=- Jl jo»j <j-\^\ jjjUII jl jij
i^ir i»iai oui^i ju ^ui-i iijUi ai*. j *i ^i
il>- 0*- "-J^. "i/^ 1 iJj£jlj .ijvT 4»-jj Jl jO^.
JjNl J y^ ^ d-^ group behaviour iilli-l
«-U^ ^ j^. ^j]i ^u^i ^ j^uJij Jidi
iib ~ C iu ' ^ i/ 1 ^-' ^A- 11 Jl ^' j^j -v^ 1
tS'j" Oijfcj Wj -xJLiJI jLiilj ^LJ-I i\p. j,
. v^NI olS>JI fU, ^Uil
COLLECTIVE SECURITY
collective consciousness conscience
collective [a**!' jj*^ 1
consiousness, collective^j"^ jj«-i : Jil
collective farm ferme collective &&>iji ijjli
.kolkhozes il"-0' ilpllkJI f jljil : J* l
collective mind esprit collectif I*-**^ 1 J*J'
. group mind j^j-Ui-l jSiil : Jail
collective marriage manage collectif
' f-"-^' J J=rj tSl? •!/•' s' c« vl>Ji»u ^oll j-ljjll
'jj^; cH"J ts'j 'jVj ^ iSL jjSi si^i ii jl ^i
. iij-i»Jl ^^Jl j *UJI »UiJ 4_t/ jaj 51 y>l i"V ISCJL*
collective property propriete collective
i.Uil Jil^iJ J^T jljiS/l il^b.1 dDJb JUai
1^* i«U!l JJI-l^Jlj J^UIT (^pJUJ i^iviiJI
S^ss- j^fL. ^ jjSL jl jjj dUjj , li 1 .. ^»jji J »Uapl
collective representations representations
collectives ^lpU^JI c<l_)}i3l
Jp iJ^-OJ « ^ITjjj J~>i » ^Jk^il IJL» jS^l
ipLJ^I 7«jjlj ijPLJ^I Oljj^aJI -^Ujj .if-UJ-l tUapl
V>UJ-I jPliil j«. jyj UT .^jll Jt>U L-jUi J\
dUXj SOjjjll LU«»j V - *-* ;, "_^ ii-^Jr^ })} (Jl jl^j"Vlj
collective security securiie collective
i!jJ JT ^i JjJJI ipU^- -y Ji^j gjiJI jLJI
ifj^II Uj_j4^- j;_j" Jl <lUi J UX'j tL_^ljl i."jL.j
. JjJI .^_il Jp *la»l ^l «d
COLLECTIVISM
collectivism collectivism*
£Jy!lj £_t^ JiL-j J~f_ ^tV ^jUall ^
Sl>v Uji>-_j jj& Jil ^i iW^Nl Jl_^i Ul .iJjU;
collectivity collectivite 4j^ f*^ 1
. JjliLI j^fLt j j I -^JUa.
abstract collectivity vr- a»»- J&j
j/ li| Sj^JJ _/»Uill IiJj . iUJIj >~>j>&) 3j»JK
. jl^L-MljijIjMljSJb-jlL *Ju!
collectivization collectivisation f-*^"
<_/i«j jl J^ Jjj 'LS'I j^-i*V j A^*--" *^~ (J*
Jl ij>ll A-SOil ^ ^Uilj ^jNlT ^1 JiU-j
j! ijoJl y, Jo.O-1 iUlU jjSC oij i*Li-l i&ll
. ^Ul ^e ji i.NI j! i.U!l olUJI
colligation combinaison J?**^ 1 . Jaj^ 1
Jj^jil ' -«*. iibixll JjloJI ,»^=f J^'AI J i«i^Jl o-i,-
colonialism colonialisme Sjj\^tL>y\
ijjjjl <£„a>x-ij ^^^ aJUS' vliJJj JjjLi ilf^ljl
j£i> i^oJ.1 ijojl 1,-j .Ja! Jil ioLiJ^I L.ljl.1
V-'jlij- C^; «iljll ~li}U ou«e
colony colonie s y »< ft* . l l - \
70
£*Ui>Jl population colonies jU^Ni olj^o— • Jli j
4*^1 ijjil Jul gi Ji^. JJI ol^-il Jp ilN-d!
. \f^j\ (ilk; <iu> iji
exploitation colonies J">u£»^M oljJ«£-«j
colour bar barriere de race ijjill j^-Vi-
cf. discrimination, racial
column chart diagramme des colonnes
iuil 4JUI 5x>pNI i>-tj r/il'j r^'r l, J -^
. SjjJb*. i^ijil oljlSI J^:" j!l «3l
comanagement codirection ^T^Il jjliVl
JUJIj J—JI ^Uw.N jjbr j;> jp SUJlI 5jIj|
j^ JT «JUa« (j« JJ>Jl JJ flliJI l-i* ^*-V.j
command commandemento^l U^jll &Q!l
i-jLfj r ljNI jl-L^I Jp t^J^\ la» JJO
Jl_ij
_y.
unity of command
JljJI | ^»JI
t/" V" u9*
LJI
4J j^i (^l chain of command jjlj^l J-^j
Jl »L.jjll ^ syilil iUJI ol»->U j. a_L- J>rj
j^ oLj^-ii A~«jr J^-^j ^r'v «^~^ J* - '' 1 ' uyjij-* 1
71
COMMITTEE
commensalism commensalismei^ijii tiiJlill
JaJlt, gpj; Jl oUUi-l ji jl>Sll ^ JpUJI
■2_>=r-^ JJ ^fejll iilJ (J <yUdl IJia i_Pj;j -V^~~*
i _ r ii Je- Jj_a>JJ i-jlil Jl ^^l 4^1 j, ^jjj jj
5>u_JI i^\ oUwU_, JUJI oUii^ JjUo'j .fj.\
commercial amusements lieux d'amusements
commerciaux aj jlitJl L _»^Il
"i-J^r' W^i^iJ 'jvj' '-'■V. cWV*^' Jj Olid I
active recreation *si ,; ^i)' ,
commercial recreation recreation
commerciale cSj^ 1 ?*>.})&
commercial amusements
commercial revolution revolution commerciale
j^ui\ *I.UjU (J»-«j!l J^vlJI J^'j' J ^.jjj' ^j*- J
^IkiMl .IkJI Jljj OljUJI oA» j„,^:ij .OjJ»JI
jCj jail ^jjj ^j^l. i^kLJjl j- jljiMI jij^'i
jklll ^ yjjUJI JjUIj aJjoJI SjUJIj jlp^l .Hi;
47-yill ij j— II _^j «LJI ^ iikif f-ljjl <j i*2^t>ull
. ,_/»jMI cS (j-^J J_jiJI J ilioll oj^yi ojIj j *»
jl »JI £Ll> Jji^* ijUJI »j_j^l jj*- ' ' } Jij
>.! . d ..*" Us . _/^j t^^J (_g^l.,^T<l ijj oli 0?*~^lj
. i^s-L^all ojj^l ijUcJI ojj^l
commercialization commercialisation jy>*s!l
ipLvJI jj.sU. J jvjil Jl "-jo,-' Jl oUUJI
oU«jj>J.I j i»ils oLU*)l oo* jx; 1j JiUlj a^Ij^Ij
, <o JaiJI
o,o=Jl ^LV^I .IkJl J JUJI J.U* j. ^*j
ikiiNI oOA J_pJ (^1 t_JaJI_j JWIj iiHill J _/J*~!l
. jj-JI jjilil US'^UU.Ij U»-UI f-iit <«L. Jl
commission commission &>JJI - \
.committee iJL : ^1
^-a^sjJ iJa*' o^SoJI «j-U<aj
O^fS
jIJ^
. <Ljt- 4jL1?j uUlj; »LflJI ikL- dj£~_
commitment 1- engagement
.LijJli jj^> Oj »ljJMI
i«~i> jp J; i Oic- ^ Lij M Lil>- JjSvj Os US'
. ^/-iilj j^JI ^j< jl~^"^" (J p J- 3 ^ J* '-■:•*• Jr* jUJ^I
^t*MI _>» f'jJ^I J' jj^Ull jj/Jj^-jil ^j;j
^a>Cj j/ \jjbj i Liu-ll tU J--*- ^J -^UJI LOjO
. (engagement: Jai\ )
2- ordre d'emprisonnement j-jJI ^«l - Y
-t)U«J _jl J^** j'
. iLli Jl U
i^lil
committee comite
ji-uoi_> vl^xJ i_^u; jl ^«; jijiMi j« i^j^
^Jfiiyjj l^JI JL>J Jl Olpj-^?^ll ^J OU^jJ jl Oljlj*
. U^ j^i i IU1I J jjSi i-A J« i>JJI JV^J
jj^j Ji \fi» UiJ.1 4l_il_J ii>JJI Jf- ^^J Jl JIUllj
/,« is* j Jil »jU jjSi: i>JJI ol»lj»-l jl M| .V. '~*
^t, ZLi\ sJlA jj>j US' tUf- JijJ Jl i»il Oltl^j
Oljljiil jl-Uol j ilal— !l i^U»
: UUi i s-ljil Jp jl — >Ji\j
c. on credentials ij^ioJI j^I ijL
COMMODITY
72
c. on nominations
c. on rules & regulations
advisory c. i_
coordinating c.
executive c. i
steering c. i
technical c.
ad hoc c.
iJ-
.jli^l i_^JJI
i _.i ..ii-.-JI * •■ r lll
i_oL_Ji!l i—^jjl
i -.-.ill i_^l
. 1^4* .bl i_-ip LjLil - ^Ha } Jfj. £jJ>J. q££)
: ^/\ i- Jl OUJJI K.C.Wheare
c. to advise
c. to inquire
c. to negotiate
c. to legislate
c. to administer
j«*<jjl jLi-
» I vi <jr .i^/l jL-i-j
ivijl ill OLA-j
^-.yiJl OU-J
Sjb^l oLJLj
ilijllj ,j«*>jJI jl — Jrj
c. to scrutinize
and control
tSjk; j£)j tUL. J y>; oLuil j. ^j
i_^£ll j\ council ^JWiLS' iiki^ .Le-i
jf) . panel jjjlii.il £_» _,| bureau
working party iUUll 4*U-I oLoljll iJb-i
(I i-w i^. .bl Jj3 ^1 SjjJI J } UlUj, tj .Oiu-Jj
. SJ>*dl oLMjII J (.ai«i_;j task force
commission j^'jAjtiL > 'LJ.5i > .iJ r iU£lj
l£\ OjJ jUJkvall •Jli.i-j U Ijv3"j . Uil £i- ^j
commodity marchandise inLjl
good, economic : jl»l
common law droit commun *Ull 0«iLSll
OLii 4jjOv* j\P <U£il» OL Jajj *L>C>-I /-• 4P»aj£
JL*-I 4
j»j Jo j^UI j jjajdl JjyJI j. Lf-'LLxL O,
common property propriete commune
iSjiiia^Iii
-b-^/ jjSLi J' j>° iS'j^* i^U ipL^»- 4xk/ U
O^U> L$&b:" ^il ^jMLf Lj^» »j>- J Jjib- Ujljil
^jUsjVI «-LiJI *. i^Li-l a-S^JLLI JjjJj iiloJI t >. jl r- a "
. i^DJ iijiJI jji>JL lJIj^MI lji>*^ J>u l!_ >-
common sense sens commun
«lx!l i ^jkJl iilja^l
Jt jjill j^Uj C-~ UJUI iJaill jl JwJI .LfJiil
^Ul .IjT y iljail Ljijil ^^W.^1 IJL,- ji^ii LT
4*j*ll fl-LAj . iULi 4jl — »l Aj J>Cj <fc*w; jJLvSJ ,pl U~<^*-
i^^ll 5j«il LLi» J JL£ i«JL_!l Sjlaill j« 5, l » i i. i l
. jJLU
commonwealth commonwealth
wJj*iil ikilj t «JUy4jS3l
Jl Usjljil ^jixj -UJ JjOjl ji jl^iSl J> ie-l^r
i>vL>- Jt OUa^>MI Ua jUaj j . CjU^ i>»L<a4 ^fiu
Ljj JT t^j:' 2L«i~> Jjj j» jj^j jjll iJLUjJI JjaJI
r- 1 — J L <k< jj" ^s } Sjs ^i) t ij!—''^ iUi~» ij--^
. LS -a><-i »^J ilajlj JLUjjJI
commune commune <^4 , j^'
OLii j. JjXiJ ji> 5jUp (Ja^j)! jjvvxJI j CJlT
t IfJUj-j iTjliil !»4>JUi. jp f-liji! jL»dlj f-Lvail
tSjb^ll .tj-Jt!! Ol-b-j J*- -U. Lji jJk^all l-La jLUI |J
... j^JI 1^-jj*-j ULLxilj L-J^i (J
communalism communalisme
'i«il j»>U<JI t_JbXa i.4^9jS\]l
oU^i>>^ j. jjScj jl i_jf_ ^»A»xil OL JJL5II i^ijll
oUsUa^L >tu^ Jb |V ia- oli communes ^ii^>
J j^laj ^il ikLJI ij^jf Jf J-LiJI «« i<w.lj CjLLxUj
. ij^S^\ <«*L*JI OlJLs>-JI
73
COMMUNITY CHEST
communication, social
communication sociale i/^?' J^? 1
jUI j. JUil Ji^j *i > ^ ^jj| j^ji y, _,! i^jji
j>.ybl, i.liVlj ^^)l j, y, ^ Ju^| j\ jij
a* J*UJI jbjl c_^ gj^JI ( « i j l | jp \jS \Js
lALaJl J-Ai JpLj- JT jil £_j| LT ^j,| jiyi
jyillj OliliJ! Jib>^ j. L'jUi-lj ^UJI .Ij^I JL,
mass communication ^jIaI^- JLaJl : J&\
communication media moyens de
communication JLaftl JJLj
communications, administrative
communications administratives
ijbVI oly_ll ^aL=^ ^ •; jji oNU^I
. lj>y\ f.L-iVl
communication theory oNLa;Nl i>; Jlij
^Lk^S/l ^ oU>ll jl jl&S/l JjUj j_,Udl
• -^j >! j^ ^i*wi ji l >^ j»uj j .^r^ii
communion communion jjxii\ iJ*-j
communism communisme Z*y~^
»Uiill Jp *^L»I J »y, ^IfVI ^pL*al <__»Jl.
J* I) J jrfbhJb i__»jll iJLi ^L-S/l ioilj
JT JaJSv jji (i 4^-U- jJi, j£lj t <Jjj jai JS*
communism, primitive communisme primitif
OUU^JI ^yiw J f-^H JUw £_">Ua^.l
^bNi j:Uj ^ijiw-ij iSl. J Uilyi il^ jji isixji
t dUJ pjt ^>J Jll i_»U!l i^UJI (^jijjli! fyi; JJIj
l _r~* ; J)' OU^>J.I J ^^^^ajJI Jp JUJI y> US'
community communaute ' lS ^ £&& - \
f~Jr <j* '■— -"-^J 1 '■ <UjO Ois*^p , j I*. Jj j^? j j/l y
v_-JL-lj -U-ly Jij c ♦ii^* isUJ -jkj tC-ijil ^JjUJl
jb ^A^iJ "U*^- ^-jj *^^ o^— J j Uip lJ*jUx« i?U Ij
4S^it« JsIoaIj J La* l^«-^' JjOjl j* «P_j*^
community chest fonds social
iJ^iil JJj^l jjjii
»»i>J.I ij JLil *«j£ i^jUJI J_j^i-I i !*•■ jl$>-
ip^l i — -y j\ iiu> jl £;» yU-J "V tl-»u jj^l
^j'j 11 J* jO" '-■ : -^-» (> J_^va»Jl »^ll IJL» J
iJJ i-U VL.Jai OyO J!l tSy-S/l OlLil i)j2j iiai
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
74
community development developpement de
la communaute *»^<il
-j-JIpUj^j **^>JJ ^lyl ^j^r e^i *V*
Up^^-1 4jUjI t£y~- * /«*jj ,*^>*ll JS'Uv* A**} ij&\jj£_z
~ if *
. i>-ldl iJUIj 4^j!lj i^-Ulj ij»^a!l J j'jl-'
community organization organisation
communautaire **£r<ll *^
l«» jj&" J 11 Jl*^. J" 11 cM 1 Ji> 0* t>V
yUiJI j* jje-l i>-jj Jl fl&«J j^Jj l*j^! V—^.
( J*i>J a^*J OlftUSJlj Ol^^Jlj ^j*' *^ry V^j* 3 tlr^"
community, multi-group communaute
organique ou composee v^>' j*^ 1
i l^Jl ^^1 ^w OIpLj»- oJp ~<2j (^-iil «^>*11
solidarite organique i^jr** i/ 1 ^'
community, uni-group communaute simple
4^0:"j •&»*• iijif- JJ SXXi i_jip j* Aiyui\ f;M
companion compagnon
j3>
3-k>-lj 4pU-5^ <_^l djlyl j^w C— >- <^jki}l «*i*ll
<(Ujj I Jajj . ^ j* «*i>«lb «^-U^* OU pgu jji — <aX»j
solidarite mecanique
commutation commutation
vjji ^ir>Jit - "^t jui^i - \
ij^9°j" Jc*S : J^J .ipUJ^t 4L4J (.jJJI Jjiil _>»
JpUM Jji- ^ ^jji >y\ii rejected companion
i_pUjl-l J-i" ^iil ^>Ui tolerated companion
company compagnie iS^I
»L_a^ Jill u-b i>* **"- (M- 1 ^ J 1 " ZjJ~" <2 (t-*
. 5jl_>- ji ju j. Jj^l IJ* jf- lii J» U
i»*Ull i-TjJJI L_,^i jlj-ji Jp OlTpiJIj
jjv^Uil \y j*f jOp ^ Jj£jj joint-stock co.
jp J*^£j M C>1>- Url »jW J-^»«Jj jvS' Jl« ^-Ijij
limited company Sjjjiil Ci^lII oli iTyJtJIj
^tJI ls*-> partnership j-UiJl iT^lj
d-i.-^l (-^rJ- 1 ti lS^ 1 oIT^jJJ ^w»l oij
^jil jjJI dJi -*«-.lj!l ViL. yolk, j^j ^T i_yi
\p »lijMI *~ryj t3'jj*i/l >.yjj ^—11 ^-^«J J *^lj
. i^U^I f !5UMI JJL,j j;>
company town cite de I'entreprise is^iJI iijX>
y i_«ir i«£k' y^iji jp fis v^- ^^j**
75
JLp i»\iy <~~ij iiva; ^a^ad-) i^L^j S'yi \~om
. jLill IJU J l^ui; ^Jl i^LJJ
company union syndicat de I'entreprise
sliill JUi ajU;
ji-ill jlySlI J* Li ijviJI j^u JJt JLJI ili
comparative method methode comparative
-A>-ljil **^il J>-b OU^Lj- jl liiti^. oL^jyi j,
j_i Jj"^^llj 4_lil 4>-jl j«. oLi£l! 4^L>I Ja jl
OlSU.ll ^^J &, t L.L-1 jl^lj ^LV^I y^l
cf. cross cultures
compartmentalization compartimentalisation
iUs^ ji. OUU'I Jl tfi j. j^l iLJ_ J La* I
iU'l J Sijs-jLI ^LJI Jl£ii Jj-O "& t^i-JI L^;
l pS_ Ji jjiil jji Sysllill a-U Uij .4S"jL,j o^i
ol j>s iihi^. ijail^ j i^jUdl juULl j. «-j^>,i
compensation 1- dedommagement ^Jji^t
tjjjj ,il>- (ijP-^s-'ill Ol_.bJlj J«jJI oUj^-i; J
CjJM J^t«JI jp Li j*j iijji OUii ^p jl S-b-lj i«ij
. J^p iL»] j*. gz* (_jjjl jjljjl _>«il yl
2- compensation
yaS\H J. -0 yii U »U^j Jaj^u U J*»^l «»1jJI i^-\y_
OUv» jl^jj L> !_UJl ji ^iwi J»I>J ^Jj^j
COMPLEX
<»-jj J*- Jj^JJ viiJi J iJUlj L-i ^>^» ^>l
^aiJL JJX li\ y, ^.^1 ^-Ui jl ^i ^Li^l j,
competence competence ^Uai-Vl - \
^-b-l iial jA, ^jb^l jjJliJI J ^Ui^-^l
j<s>l^»-l : JUj . i_«^ JL^L »Lii! i«UJI olkL-JI
iJ^Jiai Ol.lj»-Nl J Jli LT . U»^j Ji»UJ.Ij jjj.jjl
. ijl^--l <K>t^ _jl iJI-Ujl ix?t* ^?L^>-I
ability i'Jji : J&\
competition competition ^iQl ' *-JlIil
jr ^u^ ^ ^twi Jpuji j»iii. ^^i
3jiUI * Li "ill j, jf\ ■~ r ~ai Jt Jj^a^i\ «-Lj- jl jji
«-Li"ill '^'j'j' Jj • i~»W j-Lax. ^a ijXil vUJu . iiJjsil jl
jir a p.-u-i^ ^Li^ o^l+i ji jiyvi i«»-ii~ jii
. i_iLJJ f-b iJL»
Ji LS" jyill L.^ j^_) ~*j^\-? i-iUI jjSi J»j
iiJjjil jl jyill iJjJL. V jlT L._ yui; Vj S^iL. ^c jjSC'
o_^ constructive v' 1 -^! i-»W jjSj a»j
»-LiJJ iilS3l J»jjliil ^5— ^Jj OljJiilj OljLjil ^^JJ
bl destructive i.lji* i_»UI jjSo a» US' J^JL
->' ui>^' Z}^. ^*>' *r- r ^! ^V ^^
. ~~U »Li«II
complex complexe
i—jjjl SoanII
**-y£- i— ill sJbwll ^....ijl JJjJI i^-jX. _Lp
J*- djj_!lj jvSUdl J yjj' ^^-y" V i'jiCLI OljjJI J«
Electra 1^1 i'Xu. Li : \+e\y\ Jc- i__iJl Ji«ilj
~ L>!>U Cj>wM LjL oJI iLjl J\ complex
COMPLEX, CULTURE
76
Jiyi ii-j ij,\ Oedipus complexi-jjjl s'-Ue-j
j«-lill y <-£ ' y> j- SjU- j>) inferiority complex
~oiJ jl iSyAt- y>Aj jj*^ ^fr ^r* ^yy^ 1 ±jb\j*]\j
complex, culture complexe de la culture
culture complex "Jlill ■— S"JLl : jfcl
comprehension comprehension
. vlol^l ji oJI^I jl »LlVl ^» J«- SjJiiJl ^i
Jjiill - Y
compromise compromis
Ja-y|l JiJl . ijLiJl - ^
^o- JiJI olgj>-j JjLj ,j»L»l (U »_^J *^y 4-Up
u* .Uj jSri £ijji ji>i j, j> jr j^ j; j^-
*'j^"! J* J J°-^ ^^rj <JjLj JJ .cJL>- <df. CJIS'
-^ compromise-formation « ij-^ 1
oy ^ jr^Vi > ^jkj Jii -ML* ^jJ- 11 J^'
. £^Kll <0jj jijl «»ljjjlj i_iJI C— Sil
ego « liNi i) iilij j» — j^i Jy L,-^/ ki-^u id
JlS-il J^y^ ^ ii_^* ii^aj ^^-cJl U *wjj Oliil )\
<j j-SUi ^Jil iliJl ^-jJl J^) 1 J ^'j^ 1
T-jyJI IA ri^J Lj-JjoJI J* j-li i7_5_5lll vljJil i_jU»»
cf. accommodation JSGU .r*'> : j^
compurgation compurgation J-*-)^. ~&j&
^\ Jp ^1 J«i~ 5^1 J* I j- jOp .Li
AJ^k _jU- j. *Jp ^aL>- Wi /^l jl *Jt ^/--^l OjiJ^a;
conation conation
l&
,\ ii\Jii JUiil ^JLi-l t?l iijLil 5JLcU!l ilJb
concentration concentration jS">Jl • >S'>J ,
J^i-I jl aLiMI j«a*- ,j-Jci\ »k J jjS'jiL ,i,/i5ij
^Lj^/I jjL; jt- 5jLp ioLiiMI i-»-LjJl ^ £ j&)
oUJ.1 uLi j^ oia-^j L? 5jw01 oLiJJ jjj (_11 ijj^jj
Oli ) C-lj j I ( Jj-Ij i»UJ oli ) LJil L»-UXt (j^ioJI
concept concept
fUil f^iii . ^3 1 iij-dl . i>il ^l
»*k!lj i^ljllj Oj^iilj j^Ulj jloillT SjUI i.j^ll
w ^i!i .»JL» J conception li«!i illjjNlj
i>>_i Lo3_) ^»lj>JL; 5^-iLj iljjj "V ^1 Sjxll y»
perception a-^J 1 illjjNl *1iL5jj
CONDITIONS, EMPLOYMENT
conceptualism conceptualisme
- i
4jj>fljl . s£L\ *_J»jil
o\>!.U> j^ill OL^ij. jl ^ jj| i^kJI
JjiJb t J>Jl J VI o^-y V Uip olTjj^ u£li *icVl
■ ^tO" j' \-j& J" (j» l*j^ JjJ
■ realism ^Jljll >_»JiIl 4.U. Jj
concession concession jl—*^' •*«*
g;AJI OiJI tSjbVl jjJlill J jL^VI Oio JUii
J<y Sjbl OlTyJI ji jly^l J»-i Jl ijjjjl v>.y_ j^»-
JiJ" 0* ^Uij tsjjj^. S_d J">Ux— lj (_pUaal »Ip
^U; Jili. J cJ_£_. J*. j.jdil L^ji Jl^ij J^.
■ f^l Jijll I -if. (jyufill j- »j~.j
conciliation conciliation j5?>ll
. V'r^j'. *i J J *i^- J " J! J>-»jU fljJI
concrete social class classe sociale concrete
Sy-iL" UjUipl J~^i ^Ir^' SJs-jS' ,L» «-U->-
oLUJIj ioiSllj i_-UI ^l>Vir ^^ rf ^ v
concubinage concubinage
condemnation condamnation
77
jl J& ~*iJl J* p^UJI Jail jjjiai J ^ jij,
|t^»*il ^ji OLjiJI jjjli J Ul .«**>>■ ^_Jlk. ^^
condensation condensation
UU&\
j?*J JJ.I _j« ^^-iJI Jr^- 1 ' i-j-U J oi~3o!l
_,j>ui">l!l j U* l^frlp^l j£* V j^s. ja Ol-b-j Ji^S
J U. iyr, "V Jkil JrJl^S jl jl IjjaiW oLL*JI
condition condition
-t^ill
U^^jU* O Jl^ U blj . tji>-jj ijj>j jl jjj ^-jill
union libre s^i- «*>£ l^i Jj 8>rj H .^ j. U-lT
i>-jj^ i^J. *J i-JjUM J^-i-xll (5 j Jl J^J
J^j J* j^ ^jj^ 1 5 '^' JUaJl jAjcicisbeis m
. j^Ij
concurrence, social concurrence sociale
'^liarjll jjQl
social concurrence : Jai\
^~jjv r^^ J^>^* jf- l-A " - . ^ y«l jjiUJI J )ffj^\
, Jljj jl fljJNl •5>rj *ii?j lp
conditioned reflex reflexe conditionne
<t_- J* bj j^it I,- »ji J$\ iji\S\ ib^^MI
. iL^JU-Ml »-U J-^Vl jl ^^JaJl *Jil jS- -V;Jj-
8-l» Ji. ji jl <WaSL<a^- J^ ( _ r J -O-J^l 4jilj
4-j.Li oji^jL i—^uji »JLft <__^ri 4ji ^ tiii^^vi
Jjji-I *JlI iJbu jl iyij J^ij Ol^ SOP ^j^-Jall
J*^ 1 LrJ^ J" Jj' J^J ■ ^^ a " "r^ 1 Jt* J'j' ^"-^1
-k»j Pavolv ^jjl ^jJjr-^ 1 (iWI ^^Jl Lr &d\
i _ r Jd\ ^t- J i/jLJl i-j-dl ^—> Watson t^ 1
tjUi'MI ^Ul ^ji^ { _ r Sjd\ J*j)l behaviorism
Jl«il Jl ijTjLJI oLUjJI ^»j- ^-jj jji 4~Udlj
conditioned response reponse conditionnee
. conditioned reflex : jai\
conditions, employment
conditions de I'emploi J*«!l Jsj^
yrVir i-oiJL i^u Jp j.uii j»jl jii ij^i
CONDITIONS, LIVING
78
jjjliJI i y^~ij U*N ijM- l^w-iSj . .. jJl J-»*M oIpL*j
conditions, living conditions de vie
iil»li Ji_p-'
^Jl i-Jbj <d>0 \£y-S flilp i-b»*^J ir-r^J J^^-?
. l^JI L j*^-> ,^1 4-p\^^-*VI iiiaJbj Ifj ^^Lw
conditions, social conditions sociales
. social conditions : ]*>\
conditions, working conditions de travail
. working conditions : Jat\
conduct conduite j'SU-^l dO t^-jil iljLsi
mores ■^\/- s i\ *-yj> j «^ jl ^-li" ^v»j^ iSy—
covert conduct j£-il 4y_!lj overt conduct
confederation confederation
X^-yj *C-jt« OU^Lva^-l IA jjSsJ & jJ^j* a!La i*lil
•& aI*J| - r
JJLil j ^M ^r-^ cs*-^ 1 cSi 1 -^' J*- *^- , L; ViJl jl
oUUI Ok ^'^ J" ^ £".>* C WI J^lj
. federation or alliance ^j^^l <j/— LI J*
conference conference ls"?~ , J j*!!*
• IjilT iU^J.1 l^Jlij Ljit-Lal d_^ j. v»MI Oli
confession confession ^JPP
w~»y U=- LJU_J loU jjSo jl ^>tU1I Jpj . Jfcl&J
^>j>i! JT v_-^i jij ill a^L^ Jl jj« Ml Jp .j~
. J_jl U fJLaj jl aJpj tUj*«J riX tj}\ k_jL-Mlj
. ^>I>MI ^. Ji^_ ji Jl*o J»l£D JJ=f_ Mj
-II ji Up j-A\ jljil yt, j^UJI j J»lj^llj
. <u)l ij^jll ^1*^11 o*-^aj Uw» jl l?-\j~0
configuration configuration CSCii .i-pT 4*1^
. 4JI_)>-Ij M <tlJ^J j-Lj US' «,aiJI »J_^<» jl iUajtl» *l_)>-l
social configuration ^WV' J^-^' : j^ 1
confinement accouchement £-»j!1 - ^
TV 1 _j=^J -U. J.i^ll V-.^'j °'j^' "~"J V-^ i^*
iUl *JI iil^UJ i—JLj jjjl — all e-^i) j^*^l Jr* -?i
0«jj Ji »U SOP Jl JW J>j& lii 5jl»-J Jp U_^a=-
. i^j- LJU- jl J>ISvJIj Uj»-I Ly t^J-j A<*j"
2- emprisonnement i^^j^)" u~^' ~ r
il-j>- jj»u-JI J i.Ji^X-11 o-r*^' $^~"} is"*^ J*
confiscation confiscation ojiUall
»_pv^til JU Jp i*jSoJI «t)Lu-l Upj-^j^ ii^dP
L. »Si>oj <t«_»j- Jill J^JLJ <uWI ojiUai.lj . «Jp L.
. i^-jliJI iijOjl i.*>U ^^-c' ^il »ilji-l J ojU-
^11 JwJIj JjJ i_jit ^i 4™»liJI SjiUail Ul
Jl j! i.jSU)i ibU Jl UL>>^: y l*i%^ S^_
79 CONGLOMERATION
conflict conflit ^1 ,i^]^i\ SLJI j ^. ^ M .^ JiSfl J* ji < 3>U
,»" jp U_; ^jji ^l^-Ml JpUJI kUWI ■ J ^* > ->' uu * ^j~' *jf a> ^
j-iLdl j^ JT Lj^u c~^ jU Jail j» } 7JU1II j,
^ " *~ conformity conformite JJUill lUjllall
J-* c_- ^ Ji U,-, i_itli wiiui . r .yJi jJU. J > V ' ~ i)UJI -»' ^ ^'r ^ -^.
. <1* j_^Jij >^fi ^ jp u^ jr J ^ IU ' ^^ -»-".j • -»5t- J£ o>-l ^
jp gu; &> iJi^iii <JU- ^1 jp j £i^i_, ^ ->' ^^ ^r ~*W J- ^ v>l«Wi iiijii
.a* ji ol^UJi ^Lii .opj SiUidl 0UJ1 j, ^ijji • ^- uil >v C "^ ^'-J 1 ^ 1 C u ->^ J*^
■ ^j^ L .-' b y- frr^^. 2 ~>j£* *^) r\J\ non-conformity Jl^l .jp _,! jCa* : Jli_,
social conflict >Ui?i ^ : >"l ^Ui Jp aMoAJ non-conformists Ojkllj
. OJLJI ^jjjl > — aJII jp jl 4_l II —-ll^! ■£■
conflict of laws conflit des lois jJljill fjUi '
J»}t>-I >___o LiJ ^11 iUJi cy\£\ J 4j jI^ confusion confusion .j-bJ)" ' -k£«)l
: ^ ^ ^ • t *^' J ^ 1 'Jy'j 31 Jp -~d; JJ\ .LiSllj CJ -ijll fa* y> ^.LM
p-^'j 5 j*j 01S3.I c_j- j. joljill 5-jL - (\) JaUJI Jlii i *">Uj rj-ij; L'j*_k. ^J-^. ^ ■>>■"
ii"^ ^ jli, _/ri _,i jdj.U ^Tl jl jwijLu ^l» i!Lp>N ^i logical confusion Jkdl
. J»MI Jp U^Up -b-l J i_j-l iJ^li . <U-ji t_^ _jl Jiilil JUxu.1 «_^ jp Li^_ ^jojl ^UUJI
Jil iJUJI ^_, jUjll d_^ ^ ^-1^1 ^jt" (Y) Jk- -klj Ojj jlS^S'l i>^>-l (\) ^IJ^ Jj
•>_j 3-b-^- 5-ipli Ig-U — . J^J 4j_yli 5-iplj Li ijj; jp ^~3 V ^Lall LJI J-^ji Jil ~LJI ji l!_^ L-;
V>Uil jL'^l_, ^LijMI ^SU Jp ^'-ipUJI j, fjtJI US' j^iljil ^^1 »U*L Jwio" i_^; i)U- (Y) *;Uj^
j 5^i_ CJIJ, L, i:_-U!l SJpUJI Jt j oio^l Jll . iJljj^l j.l>^L ll'u^ij JUi^l j.l>^^L J^
congestion congestion pl*-aj"il
conflict in organization conflit dans ^ S-uxi ^jJ, jIj^^I j\ M ^,\ J sjL, j
('organisation £^£l ^6 ^i>J|j ^jU3l j,- __ ^ ljl . j ^^, _^ ^ ^^
olkUl ^jL-j oL,>»ll ofcwi j. lij Jil ^UJI ^^ J ^-^- "** l< ^ •'J> i ' V-"^ f^-» 'J 1 ^ 1
. oLU^Vj jsIaa^I c _^,_, »opj • ol ^' ^^ "^ V-r~i
01 jjj l _ r i«JJ ^j^uJI L'jjUj: jS"LII »U-Jjlj
conflict theory theorie du conflit
-k-ji. S^b^ j>>JI »^jl jl Jl£)l i-l^l LU, JUi
J) j^* ti" o-5-loIi ^.»^>li oij^k; ^. i^k;
Ll Jp Jj^iij _^Jij ^ai J virt-NI y,ljkl con9lomeratlon conglomeration ^J| t ^i
J ULI ^pLtMI U«Ji JJ jkj LT .j_I^aU i>^J y^lj tJjo^. «ki. J ^^ jlSLJI j, olwf
.oIpLJ-I jjU; ^u Jp M iOL^I JIjaJI JJ.I .^ hamlet «^l ^ JuJI j olw^l «JU SJb-j
iii>«r ji 'iijj^ s^ikr ^1^1 jp -ltui ^j . jjuii ^ - aj ^, -^^ jp sjl* ^i >s^ }
CONGRESS
80
jjSo'j t r—>^\ J* ^U» j^l («*jf ^jji ijill 1*1
congress congres «U)I ^Jjll
j^u_ oi l ^s'^uJ.i j< \jS \ijj. «uii y'jW *vi
'*ji JS" Jv i jjj> Oljj J 5jIp i»UJ( oly'jLl oiuj
. ■ • i <
conjecture conjecture Jr*^'
conjunction conjonction J'j?^ 1 'J-^JI' |
conjuncture conjoncture
5j_^i«ll ( ^»_ > jJI jL^iJNI <_S«jl»J i^jJsyS iJj-dl
Jy-oJIj jU-VIj j-l^l i^WI oUL^fl ^U Je-
connectionism connexionnisme ~^°>)\
-<fr< J j*a>^
UWI oO
A""*"^"
Ot Jji
. OlU^NIj JI.JJI Ok Ifi *r-£ll jl i^ 1 Vjj 11
consanguinity consanguinite ijjl &jlj
consanguine Jb-lj J-^l ob i_*Ui- : JUL «
jIT .I^^JililijIj^U Jp^-^lipUL-l group
collateral ^y*^ *^j '■ Jf-y J*- ^ ^.'jj
«Lij oly-Nlj sy-Nl J—ij'j consanguinity
. O^liJIj J^Sflj OUJIj fU^Sllj Ol>-Sllj 5>-Sll
, ' * f ' '
ineal consanguinity v^' *i'>«"j
. \j>r "Jkj i jJLI ^ij jJLIj ^S(L jjVI il>T
conscience conscience
j^ - A v
^j iju jui*. j, j^i ^jj a j^iscjli .b^i
<u »^i U Ac- *>oJLj ^^dj jjl <uUs»jli ^j^-tJl uJU^l
UNI )) j JUi (_plj J«i j< ii »Lill »jiu U jl I^j-Uj
conscientious objector
objecteur de conscience
\jj±**& (J&£»JJ
connotation connotation ?}&^
J>-JJ lSj^"' »J^J i JailJI 4-1*- jlli; N Jj» j -*>-jJ
i_Sj«J (J J>-JJ ,JI i— <L-NI uU JiiUI fj4^* (J
. i^jji ji ii->uSfi '^ui; jus oIjUpN
conscious experience experience consciente
jlSCiNlj iJL>-ljil jPLill j~*£j i JiU)SfL L^p j«uj
. j,_j^s ji J>t li yhUill i^U! ^^u: Ui.
81
consciousness conscience de soi-meme
yj UU ITIjjl <_ Ja^_ U, a;IJJ tj ll illjjl
i->c ji j^i ^iii. ^i ^ _, 5^ jr ^.j
i-jij- j_^juUj Ju^-V! jr u^, ii^. s^tii y,ikii
jj*iy}\ (T) j*L_JiJI j_^Jl ( \) j>j LJkJ~
Jjil j»^ijj unconsciousness
preconscious j__*i)l JJ U (r> Zj&i c^UJ\j
. j_^i-%
social consciousness (^J^ jj*^' : jk>'
consciousness, collective
conscience collective
"gpiyi jjiill
pr.jW^J prri V^WV^I Oli^Ul; jljiVI ,_pj
J*»"' J illj^lNI _^«; j_,«JJI li» j^j Aij ifjlzM
^Jr\ jj*li\ Jp jll* US' . |»«*»*>*f crf*^ 1 ^-Jr-*
. social consciousness UiJ
conscription conscription
4*' jl>' **jSwBl &*Jl
LjpljiL i_£_JI oljill *ij^r\ '**-*>. JUJNI
^ij i.jiJl ,JL» .laSl Sjjil jjl Jy ai ^L x* iihijl
CJlT bl jyiJI I^jL" __,. ^iuj i_„ 5ju: Salt jjs»;
ana. compulsory service
consensus consensus, unanimite f&r'ii
• U*.l ( ^ r . Uofe"l J ilj^ Jj| i^LJ-l OljIyiJI
social consensus 'j. ui-Nl jil^l : >;l
CONSOLIDATION
conservation conservation JsU»JI
fjUj iUiaVI Jp OVbf J « JilbJI » Jju, jl
Olsjlidlj ^UviMl j jUaaVl y> jjiU)l_> i_-LJI
jU^VIS' ~<s.y!t\ oUj.^J.1 J SJi»ll j I ;la_JI .Li^lj
t ijJIj 'J^lyJIj Ol.^Jlj oLUilj jL-'NIj ille-Vlj
ji oVL~u-Vl j. .LiNI «Jl» Ji. J* iliiUll ji
ji ^^Jl ji i._£>UI j,* ji a^JI j- SJJIjII oljJUil
L»^i j^j (( JiU>JI )) jli Cijll tJ ~ii Jj . jy»jdl
jlT lilt Ujs« ^.J ajli a> j _,» j^JJI JUjcu-VI
iJUVI jJUJj C.U I : j_tj Sfo^w t^ JU*u-VI dUi
conservatism conservatisme jiili«il yJ»lu
t^jj i^^VVIj <_.LJ'i tljMI J ^^jjJjI »U'I
i*le>VI jvjI-UJI ^IjU-lj Up j» L. J«. j_y.Nl .lil
OS j_jloJI oJLa O^j \aXs- i^aljtf. j ijlill i^l II j
oJai\>S\ »_,U_ liJJjJj Ouje iji J">U- rujjJl; CJj5j
iJUil OljtVlj -i!l j«; i^.Uj ^IcVtfl j^JI
. iaJiJlj
_y.i_y iiu cjit iji .cij i. iaJiJi jisCiSfi j au'u,
*»^lj jUNI 0!^ iJLJll i^l^-Vl pJiJI ^5 __^i
JJVI Jp >i 5jiJ.I pJiJI j! UT . ,jvUISC LJ
. ioliJI Lf»-i
consistency consistance cU-^UJl . jl— ;*i/l
jl jl »jjl »lj»-l _<J^ jkil J vii-^L , >./«_
Cak^ ii*>^r JJ; ^i ^ui _>• CjOi ji v*-^ 1
JjUjj . ^^^ 4*l>j>-l jj>J jl _U«JI i^^W /^j . U..., ' ..
.inconsistency « jiLJI » tLL-^l
cohesrence J*; 1 ^ 1 : j&'
consolidation consolidation ♦^■^i | - \
JTLL. *f»-ljv. ijbNI 4-»-LJI __r. nik^lil I ^ .l.^a.
__jj«il ~£j>J! Olj»-_j _j< jtS"l jl _jvO?-_) r-Ujli jja^d\
CONSPIRACY
l^TUluilt *Ui!l \a o-U-bM 5-L>-j)l aSn^uj l jA>lj\ ^-^*j j_5
J" jl a ^
conspiracy conspiration Sylji <, «.l£>
constancy Constance
oUI
ji j^i ji ^k- j* ^ ii> ^i ji^vi
> J L-/ Ju, St. g-j&li .iiljiNI ^>J> J*
constitution constitution
1*1. Lj 1 J ^^ olkUi JiJj -iUll ^ jw Jl
written con- L>jS~> ji Ujlu jj£j ■*» jj~"-^'j
»j ijiJI jji-jJI jaj stitution
y.y^.
iur
i^Py^3J !_„ . .,/> J
customary consti- IsjJjSi jJLjA\ -Llij fjUJI
•social constitution ^j-lli-Nl j^l^l^l
&>Jl - Y
4_j'yi J<lj<Jl fj-^f tj~*^^ P"^ 1-5 *~^' 8 -*- > ' rj"
o_j£j jjjiJI i : >-_jJ_ >: —i] Okl^ll i)UJI jO>J Jl i-^S\il_j
82
constitutionalism constitutionnalisme
^jji-ioJi *£«Jl t4jjj^a!l 4*j3i
'^Jlilj .IkJL; JAy Jl i_.LJI ij^jljjJjNI
ji i sf i-jSoJJ i_LijJI 4UUI jl (J>J i/jji-jll
constraint, social contrainte sociale
.social constraint : ^1
consular body corps consulaire I /■■*» dUUl
^,^_^ L- J_jj J j~«ll *r^^' Jj-^ 1 J"' t^ 1
?JU<aiLt »^NIj ^'y-i -^j<jj («-(r^ ? ^ ^i^y J-s^tdll
^'j'j 5 !- J*- j*-*^'j p-r^J-^. *^1' V"^l'j ijUJI
consultation, joint consultation en commun
iijiii Juiii
, iT^ail jJUll Oli jr Nlj J^JI
consumers' cooperative society cooperative
de consommation £f$£*l\ £?'$*& £jU*&\
consumer protection protection
des consommateurs klU^Lil it»»-
ilij l-iS'j L^Ujj jU*-NI Jujoc^ ^SU^-Il i^UjxJ
... jJI i\%~*yA JjUJI ol*> tUJlj JjIS^Ij jiJljLI
L><— Jj A*^ li^" ^*^*^ " ^-l.^ " -"ll ^y^> )) Jlij
83
oluiJI y oUill ,ja J^. ji j, v jj| ^-^^
consumption consommation '^'r'-N 1
Oblp, <- — iJI oIpjJIj oU-UJI_, J^oJI Jp ib^VI
Jp ^.uji ^^i j ^.ujvi iuji j^. jjj <.*\/i\
JIT, « ilj^-VI ^ i) <J* jU,i ^ ii^,vi Silijl
-uai j consumption basket « dlL^-ll il_ » Ju,_,
Ja-yLl lOI^I L. j^. g?l iTV-"^ 1 ^ <*j^ V.
consumption function iW^Vl <!b Jlij
^a: j. wjo^ll J_^aJi _,_,i jl>Sri V. j£*i J)l
consumerismil^jU JJ.I oLwp Jp_, "U- j^i
consumption, conspicuous consommation
ostentatoire *£*&' i ^ji-UJl iM g-'- N 1
oLuiJIj ^UJ ^J.1 j.ioi^vi Jp Jju C ">U^I
jl Ij-iL.
^j^-AJ L^aJL>tX— J
u"
^ull ^-9j<u J^- io-ill Ob
UL>I IjT^ Jii, ji J J*JI -J Jyi br
>
^1 -UJall OlijU^fl, gJj*^ 1 iJV-Vl JaJjjj
. i^UJI V^A J 5 ' S^iiilj ik-yll oUJJI
contact contact J lift l
CONTINGENCY, COEFFICIENT OF
ls! primary contact ^Vi JliJVl Cii ilb»j
JUaJ^lj i^^fjlill Jjj Sj^I jj^Jj <l»-jJb a>.jJI 3tAt
Sj^Li Jl 0J UaL, jb: j secondary contact ^lili
^ i}J^ ^.iU- ^Ul Jp <ui j^T^il o^ij
contemporary history histoire contemporaine
jjiL\ j.jUll
history ~jLJl : ^l
content analysis analyse du contenu
t 5_ ? ^ t JJ ^SOI ^Jiil ^^^1 Jb^^I Jl Jjo,,_ ^jjl
. JU^I >»Uill
^JIoaVIj ^IjoJI ^j Jl ^^1 JJ^; Jjj^j
^'bbr OLji.^ ^ OA^llI ji >_jis3i y; ^^ j\
Jp JUaJ^I 5jU tjj-M jut ^J^ *»j«j .*i<jl>-l jl
. ^"UUf I _, ^Uil jlS^I
contiguity contigulte JUj^I .jjl^sll
ji^ii } '\ jujii j jiri ji ^-jjy. _,! ^j^ ^,jU;
(fl* J Jli J . J^»U U^Li Ju^li jl jjj L. jjvJVI ji
• law of contiguity JU^'^I j^U ^iJl
OjjJi bl * I j^ij ^jiJHJajljSI ^L. Jb-I _ykj
Jl ^jj; U»ljb-l «_,* jji ji^iij jUj!l J U. jl'j^
. L'u jij u u^ jl^-^i oir j! ur ^>Sfi s^^
continence continence aijli , L a r.^-n , ^^-ji
. abstinence : ja\-
contingency, coefficient of
coefficient de contingence js'j3l ,U*»
CNj*Uill ^Avl CJlS' bl ..Uj-VI J fJii-o
CONTINUATION
84
j, Jf\ Ji —i; U^JT ji U^ SftUli c^.; <^Ji
continuation continuation j'^l-^l . alxvi^l
Ji> u* ^r^ 1 t 1 -^' f ,j:> J ^ *'~}° i J ^' J
jUii^l j^lij fljjJI j>li ji (kUlS") ^jij t a!l>JI
. 4»_k]l ill* U-« Ollj^i parsimony
ana. continuity
.social continuation : ^1*1
contraception contraception J— J I Ojjkj
. j^i ^ujij j^ji ^ ^ijii i^ij uji
: ja\
ana. birth control and planned parenthood
contract contrat -ii*!l
jl j convention jUTiU J»i\y J»j*Jl j _>*j •«—; V*
social contract : ^
contract, administrative contrat administratif
^jli^l jlmII
jj^ _a— J «j l»jl» i^UJI SjbMI jjSvJ -up- JS"
contract system emploi des prisonniers
contraculture contreculture jiUill iiUiil
oULjf. ji jij^il ^IJb-NI oUUaf. i^UJI 512SI
contradiction contradiction
^Ql
jJT jw^i ^»^^l u-«^l; Jkil J x^i
ui~-a» ux j>^ contrariety ^UiJI ui
contrariety contariete
iUd\
. Jj3rj iij ^juiij ^yij jij_iir oUtmi
N law of contradiction Ja\^\ jjJUl litj
v ^j l^Jf jl L yi^l jjpj ^^fl-;! jj>; J' *tS~^ cT^-
contrasuggestion contrasuggestion
^1 «,l/l j- SjsU^ >T JI jji *.Ji £lj3l
jai jjiil ^U» <ij^ \j*~a* ^IjSMI ^aij i>->jj«ll
contravention contravention iiiUJ.1
Ja it J»j lJIJ-I jjilill 1UU» C^*j' «i' iCj»-
i.l>il SjUJI J ^xo- M JUJil i jitj .^'IjJ-l ^i
. ^i jt X >- m sol j-^ji ji *k_ji ijai
contribution contribution iJl'ai'ill - \
(-UitAi 3>«!l «i^J; iS& iil^iMI *; Jj~aill
ijp^^l oL<B illj^ilj ^Ul iiljlilT i_« oUji^
. . . jjl iliJI iiljlilj
85
£uj«Jl jl mQi - Y
. l^-ii" J i^L^JJ j\ i*U-\ i.oiJ Lju »UII
control controle b, ^) i t i|ijfi
ji iJUl <^UI j. i^ui ^^ j^ u^
Jyl^llS' formal ULj OjC j» Ji_Jlj t ^^^'
. xJlilir informal Jl/, J£ _,!
■ social control ^-lli-Vl Jaliil : Jil
control, administrative controle administratif
Jp J»yj!lj JUJi ioty »lkJI Jw Jl Jjj^-
^jII jt,j span of control j£3 <jlk iiUj
. oUjj Up JjI^VI 'tjjbVI jo'UU j£c ^j)l
conurbation conurbation ZJ&& &&I
built-up area, urban tract : Jii
convalescence convalescence ialilll
: Jli_> . i>wsJlj 5_jiJI SjI>C~.I p jl>. -iljajjl »Ui)l
o ^^it jJi jljJU convalescent home «;»iijl jb »
.ana. recuperation i*u jj3l JiL-jilj Wjil ol.j^.
convention convention
^jlkJl jQdxll t^ki^l - \
JUfrl - Y
u>: *i_^ j' *i>^* iJLirlS' Jjail jjUdl ;bl
i5ji»- tLwl j^ai lilbj iJ^ oUJLj _>l jITI } \ jd } s
oUU;VI Jp jLL; j!l treaty SoaUll j.
. i-LJI
CONVICT LABOUR
j*jjii <. fkUlt £U»-?i - r
^jsf- JJe^i OlLiil jioJ J&£ j\ JyjXj M^l
conversion conversion jj»>3l - ^
IjLU^. jjill Ijj JUii ^!l JUdl Ja_S3l *JL* - Y
obti J}U-ij lJ «-» j_j ji iifi j>j» iJL* — r
■ ^r* Jf cK* -^.-^ tjt» J- 1 ->'
^^l-Y
^« IS ^-tfj jA idft^Jl 4.., ^all iJU- li c />- jl f~0y
J *^><JI jjSv ti-j>u t j>-Ml jl^« Jj*»JlIj f-_j~«_^l
J_^»xll ^Jp L^a^a ft ( r£vS\ )) l^j^-o ^Jl dJj-L^-l <!■,,,? all
. (( J-^Vl l) J ?yJ>P J*- Lw^" 015" jl Jvu
.opposition j,ii!i : ^i
conviction condamnation
iJli^l - \
cjiJi convict ^jJiii x^ ^^iUJ.1 i^* ^u^- ibl ji^
. jjiliil Ifjp i »Uj iU»- ^5Cjl
conviction persuasion f tJ'il - y
Jl cJJj; M Jl\ jt^>Jlj ijVI Jp j^ill jLu-I
^_ M ^oil iijiJI <JL»jJ oJLtit jl .^ .Uw, _ ; j ; . j ;
convict labour emploi des condamnes
r-bjl j ,j««-LJ.I_j „Js- «j^il 4j «ji j^oJI J»JI
. JJLjJI oIjUJI i^ijU. ^^j jlT ai_, tJUjJI
COOPERATION 86
cooperation cooperation ojlijll horizontal coordination LSI jjS^ Ji j_- Jij
ji ow^i^j Hj^li ^1 ^ ojudi «jl*j . jljni ^ vertical coordination ^-'j 1 Jr-^'j i$r-U
. ii^ o-u j^ jjji^. j ^ri • * ibUI ^^ ^k>— «» c 1 ^ - y ^ 1 jr^'
direct cooperation l^i£ j_^_ ji jJQij coordination, administrative
5^ J v.U^j «W> SWul f UIl J* OjUl gfi coordination administrative tf/a)H Jb3>
i^l indirect cooperation ^£ _^p ji t i-pL> lS^ 1 i*^ 1 y v^V ^ j' sliJkl J j,,„-,:ti
L<i«j jSJ'^Lt^. ji. iki)i jlf I Jp »_ji (^jjl jjLdl i^^T 1 OjloJ jL,ai ^j^yj L<i«j J*jJI «lj»-l Ja;j J
j^™' -^ UjUJIj ,lijii» li-U> U_»>- cS^JJ ,J»j ,/axJI . i_*Jlil J^*J _>»*J J*-' J °^"' lS |**'j» *&rj>J
. *u«^i< »L/i »tal_j J^J lc-» H l y*~ozj_
copartnership actionnariat ouvrier
cooperative cooperative <Qjt«H £*»»JI p/r^' &£& 4 J^ 1 ^'jt 1 !
o* p-*\& ^ J^*" VV LaLaal >U<t^ll j. iTjUil ^Ujl Sjljl JS^iJI J „J Sjj^> J r-ljNI j* **»-
u* bj^J p-r* t» iJjLdl ijUil jjjk jc- oUo>- _ fjj-^ 1 ;
. »lk-j!l JtjUlJ ._ . _ _ .
^>J. cooperatism Jj jl^ll Jijjl ; Jlij ^ y, _ \<,\J\ jj. \^ ^>c ~ ijULl UjUJ ^
i.U iUjT VJ^ 1 ^j^ 1 >^ i^' ti" V 1 -* 11 J J.U) Jill IJla jlT lil VI p-Sfl .JU i^ Ji)
• ti V- il ^^ . sliil ^
cooptation cooptation ^LJl |»-frlu!l copyright droits d'auteur ^^| j^i
Jaij Philip Selznick c >U^Nl li* ^o^l-I ^^^ .^ ^0. ^ jiui ^l j-jSii i50ll
Uji^-i j*, uai ,> .iiMi ji ^v ^i Vj" ,> ^ Vj j_^li ^^jij ^tiij j^ij i, 3 Sii JL^vir
Ul^il ^ij i.Ull !jb>l J ixji-l ^Ull -U^L ( 4jj ,)i j^ ^.^i jr JUi vl-^ B>- iSOll ^
illjil ji formal cooptation ajJI J ^Ul *i» ^ j ^^ ^,i ^ :0)>ll ^^^ ^jy, ^^
. informal cooptation 3J J.| 5,U)L J.I>Ml t ^ ^ij ^^ ^ tU ^j fJP _,; ^ ^
coordination coordination j!3\ ^ ^ n \ ' '^^^ t3 ^ JI ^ ^ ^^' '^
j' ^j^j^ 1 j 1 j 1 ^ 11 M- ^. *> o* j^ 1 V. r 1 ?^ corporation corporation, institution iLJp
. <ox&i±\ oLJil ,'rv *»-t)LiJI - • - , ii !.. , , . t
<4^j **ij* J o^J^ ii" oLLjJI «>l ^ J_jJIj JUai jjj ijLaal jl i^Jp jl iJLJl Ijua iji J-*!
. 3"%>y\ Jt V«a»ij »^»JLI . ^jL jvj ^i ji
87
i^>LiJI i — -J-Llj public corporation
oi— * jjilk. »,.■ I Jp private corporation
. i.lp ii^ ol <jM Jp SO»«Jkl Ol-Vjll j iJSvJI
^ — ■ £_ J! Jl ^-o^: 4 — .JH olT liU
OJIST lit Ul i private corporation
. public corporation 1 _ s »-a ^Wl jJUall.JI Jto,:
corporatism corporatisme Jujli iuBlili A£j3i
J» jOi ^UT jjll Aj^il eill^yi Ix* klilJb
l^JUapl Jp iJLi^l iklJIj i^il JiJ Oplji J-. Js-
. Ja-jll jj^aJI j UjL. jlT ^jjl JaSl^kJI »lk! jl^e- Jp
>!->■ i_iU!l LJUajl J ipjjl ola i^l ojlj o»j
iul; i^ Ol — -_J» J ^jUaaVI »UiJI JiU; OjI»
,aj .> .A* f^ 1 '•*» J 1 * j 1 lS> lljiT L»T tiJjJdi
oljjl cSj- ^Ijll J j& ^1 ij^LI i — „jLI jl Jp
Jalal VI ^j . U ijbl iJlTj iliC ji iijjiil i^LJ
jl iS^j^\ JUpVI oL^Jf J_iU!l ij^il « .11
J!lj corporation Uf i _ r Jc J l^ ^ jjij iJlk^l
l^SJx SjjJj^. iJ_ > l_. oli OlT^i jp SjLp ^»
. ipl^aJlj ojUJI ,J i>lp Ijuai A*~JJ jjilj» l»^j-b j
j^— JJ f-L; jVl jlt-J ^1 iJlrijII ipjJI o-U Jjiujj
JUJI SU&. 4^ J^, ji ^j ^S/1 J;U. J^JI ^Ui
• cHL> J^l u"L> ^ C LjVI ^jjl ^.U Jp
.Fascism J_iU!l : Cil jlaJl
corollary corollaire iijSUl
correction correction H ;Ul t jjjoll »^l
. 5_b'UI juUil v ^~^i <SjL. J*>- J jyjl iijl*.
^11 iUjII ip^VI i*aiJI J jOUa^Vl j^i_,
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: J li j . ^«>»; UL I
>i>S/i ^.jij
COSMOLOGY
. u^j^) J^>«JU^I .0<l-L>-*ifl |W_>ij i Jju (^JJI J^jtUJ
correlation correlation ^CjjVI
oy»U» j_^.^; jjTjl (. j^VI jl«J l~» L,~« j»-Ij JT
■ <^>-VI j_^ Jp liji^
L_£p jl U>-j< (^1 IjJ^» Jj£j llo* iLJjVI a>-j jl j
. LlL, ^i
social correlation { j-L£ r y\ iQjVl iJLij
iJU^Vi j>Ji ji> ^ UJoJl ijlill Jp ^VjU
a^UlT ij-t=rVI olj*.jll ^Ij*. j. ^ri ji jw,UJ
ij^a^Jlj J>--o! Jv
correspondence correspondance
lil *^i>- OjSo (( «SUJI ]) jl « <L*aill )) ji (( SjLuil )) ji
Lpj^j* U*lj ^jliaj OJl^
corruption corruption S^ijJl ciLJll
bribery Jai\
cortege cortege
cf. assemblages
corvee corvee
cf. forced labour
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s^kji
. ^UaiVI S.V- 1 c.^ 11 V>. (/'J 1 J**
cosmology cosmolgie U^-y^^jSoi . i)j£!l Jp
JwljJIj jjSJI <-L j L^jI J kl^>x_i j ii_UJI f'jy j>-l
jp i-i^.j "SijSj Jj jj^il J S^*Z (Jll i«WI
iiji^JJ i-Uil ysUill ^jj; J!l ontology Cs-jJjLJVl
house of correction jl correction institution
l^J=i\
jj» ji
A .. » ■... ]-» Ojo frl
COSMOPOLITANISM
88
cosmopolitanism cosmopolitanisme
jUpIj i^jill JsLu-Nl j^ Jj^ 1 JJ ^y «-y
^iJl jl>i UjUpIj (lUil Li, So^!_, i^i iJU^I
jl 1 _ r J-l J j\ iilll J -^i^ttf-M jUtl jji ilw-
■ >;» J
J, »L!i .i^Vl t$i localism iJUAl «l>lij
cost of living cout ae vie i£A\ Ami
OLJaJI Je Jj-^«JI J J^; *_S-*J> tS-iill ALU
i»J real cost of living iJLi-Jl i±_xU ilij
^y — C Jilij-'ill J___- J iii< jl J^~ y, "Ax* JJlo L»
. A" , * .i>\\ <jvj* jL«t* y
costs, social couts sociaux AjtUar-'SlI oUdJI
1; ^—^. l* J>J jUaa^l »JU- J iii' ids' jviJ
ijiJb iiill JP- jyu Jjj . U »^1 Jp J_j^l>JI J»-l J*
jl Jl-11 j» iSL j\ money cost iJiJi iUJi ^j^'j
. real cost « ^iJ^Jl iUJi » ^j Hill ji 1^1
<ul jl Uua>- kjiaj ilJLC ^^aJ i-f-Lj>-^/l OliiJIj
** jl>o je- oJjxll J.^lli tijiJb l^ Li j£f V
oiL> J J>--4 N <cSJj r-L^tAi i^-L^>-l *ii t)t» U
council conseil cr^ 1
4^.Ui^I J J*-ji; JJI JJLil J Oljlji ilifi'^ Cu__i;
: V* t!>' > ^^
j^'i work councils »L»ll; J~Jl Ju ^JU
oil; J V-'Li ^ Jil Jj'UU iiSLL JUJt jp ^j-ju. j.
. J-Jl Jl_^i ^j-^Jj j-liM
s>>-l j»j people's councils il^]\ ^-JLJJj
<dxU U^U-^ t__*i!l ^jlcj <i-UU oU^J.1 J Lu;
council of State conseil d'Etat ijjjjl ^-liv
i—j^j J jj>j" . jLiiJI *— ill <J*-~' » I A t ..i.» £-a
t£^il! ^jjlii-VI ~JSIj iJjJJI JU*I il_ij J »L<ki!l
^ijll ^-JkL ^11 JJUU J ^ijll .UL r >.j ^x^ 1 -*
counselling consultation ^^^oJl JLi,^l
J opLw Ic Lj>^y) i_^ Jil— • J ^lj!l »l-i»J
ii^UJl ijH\ i.0^ J jUj^b J-<ai;j l^-'li; jlji jtfl
jU^'ill y^j U»a*-I Ly «ji jjjji ^ »ji" jjil iijLdl
\» | j^li«jl J J~>x)l _>»J j*""^' e; <a>iiJl SOf-l — • ( J«-
counselling, employment
comseils professionnels ^-j^ 1 i^j^ 1
ouScJI J«- jljiVI Sa*l_^ JJ ,_^U -sLij^l ^J-V.
o">^i. j_^>-l_ >; jtjiMI j« ^^i SJj-tA-l p^. J
jjt ivr'Upl — • (_ lU'i ^JJI ^"ill t J^U; /t-fil»JI -^
. I*t^<<j jl li ^juSol
jtaJ'i- >
country 1- pays
LJ jlj JJl y
Ujl>w J\ ijjjl jl JiMI
2. campagne J»jj)l - Y
ij«fl>JI Hkll JjUj'j ^Ijjll J»liJL j;^j iik-
country life move- .t_i> jll JJ i^^ <S"^~ JLij
ki_s»j y i«l»tAi oi;JL jj^jpJI JJ i-'-VO ment
. jJv*S\j iwUJI i>-ljll JJLsj 4; jiji
county comte djUl .iilill '*^^l
Li CJjSJI ol£L» J,J (i i^jjSvil * i«J5" w-ji
iljOjl LJI ~i JJI »l_i^l Os-I Jp »_jjl jJJaJj ijj-i*
tjS"^ ~l»"i/l ai^jj .iJLai _jl ijbl jl i_-L— t j>\f s t
89
■j^^l u~^ ^'j'- 3 ! Syt -*» **-£ county town *J
county council
coup d'etat coup d'Etat '^jr-liil r#-CJi v^? 1
ji <_a_ji oijjdi j;> jo «i»lji Jp ou-vi
iiwall JljJI j^VI <w> JJ 5iU <-UdVI tSjsf.j . iyill
craft metier
CREDIT
court tribunal
iXtil
. jjJUII -l^ij 3I.UI lit l,j J^illj IjJLe- ^^ J,\
pTU*. iit^i .VliJ, ^ j. jlj Jp ^Uilj
^TUJlIj iSljiiVI jvTUJIj J»Ui-."SI ^k-j ^1
. l^Lai^l il_»- j. »TUJlI jJjw dUiTj iJljA-l
Jlj^Sll ^U-j ijU3 -TUilj iJ-dl ,TUAl iJLji
... jJlo'Url ^TUJIj J^JI
courtship cour (faite a une femme)
iljliil ciS>!l
. J5UJI j_jl_, ^Ijjll ^ JJI ^UJJ g&j
j?-; ^i ja-ijiii5J»-iii>!i />ui J iijuii ^>;j
couvade couvade ils^JI
^ a)lj!i Jj«i, *1_^ S.aVjJl xp S^i^. iJlx SjIp
■l"*-"^.} JSIjiN i«j">Uj iLiJ tjl i-jU »-lPj .L*aJI kilii
WU Jl ^pj; jl l^U j. JJI taboos oL.^jJ.1 ^^iu
• JM
covert culture culture fermee iiUll iUiJl
. culture, covert : jtl
0*>UU ^»jj* «JbV (»jjb — ; j jyjl <ij'ji i^-ii' J-**!'
. i.j^!l
*til ji/^fj craft-guild i^il iliil : Jlij
j*j craftsman ylil J^UJj 5a»-lj!l 4»j>JI
v^* yJw ^-Ip <JjUj j 4*1 — >J Uj«j ^-Ul ^j-Ol jwUoj!
. JUI
craze engouemeiit 'JJ-"
dijJLJI JlSLil jp 5oi. <Jj^j i}jL-}\ j. \ii
iah^» oL>-jJj A-Ji-^ll 4-Jt ]*£>) y^-* }^ 4pL^*5'
juUi Ijliic jl cijJi L/ -i j m-^j:. U5" J^T «-»^>Jki
fad 4<4UJI jpSj^JI *_*Li6 j . SjjJI J_ ) «uX ; j;JJI »Yj»
j^ t-Jl^jVI j. SJ-i jK"l "ASji J—<ij SjjJ 1 J 1 J
^jU — ,j j;i»J Xjo jul Jac ^ j I mUkII J»li'VI
. LoliiJ l^c mIp 4»-iidl ^-^ tci
creativeness puissance creatrice, creativite
jl y U Apl*^- ^s» ^ Jj^>- \*£- \^S- yClj <uL^P
JP IJLxj t_Sl^>JVIj f'xVI J : ...'.iJ .-Ui. i>\ Jp 4Li'
^^iJI J gpUJI J.JLJI JP Jlii^lj J^S!I obf'^l
y__^iJlj ,^-jilj ^sVI J ^U;VI ^kJVI Ji^.j
... jJI^^J
credit credit oUi'il
SjJi Lp iWolJ jl^aaVl J »J
-"jUa^l
JJI JI^ S JI Jp ,>l./iVI J;> J^t > ^^^Jl
CREDIT COOPERATIVES
90
liDJS' . « ^j i) i»iSO Uily o_j£j «j y) i*»jUU
. ">Li: • jJI «bl Jj <jl Jc-
social credit ^tlliNl jU^'Ni : jliJl
credit cooperatives cooperatives de credit
OUtf^U jjliil oGmj>-
Mjj]l jU*s -U ijLw*>\J jjUJl oL**> *^iJ
r*-*^"^'' JiJ^ J^^" ila-'ji*.} o^^ai ^sju. f^-a^)
jp IjvS" Ji ik_ i Saili jjij ^■L.aJI jl j^-ljjil
jL^JI (j-L-1 Jfr «Uap">U U»jy OLjcJL-I oJLA j/j
•^ 4* j^Ux^ U ;JI 4Ju^l ii^Li X^*j (_^JJI ^<ai«-ijl
U>'Uipi iilT jS/ ^UiiVlj i,U% J^J! J ijjldl olv
">U» -wr*—- Jjioll a*^ l - ) ' 0* 'j^^d 'J'j V"^")' «-"
. tU-1 J. ^Jls jjijl ij.UI J^J' JJ
creed croyance soli*]!
. belief jlipNl : Jil
crime crime «j£ji tiij^jl
i
■Up >_JUjj *u>Jtl Jp j_t^Ij ij*i J*» JT ^
J_j~«_j oUU'l jp LiJ i*Uy' »y»Ui ic^J-lj ijjjliil
. 3 j— uii i—ii; jfUJi jpj i—i jupj
jl Jip Jiw j I L ^>~^>- ,_/"> JP U^j J» . US'
Jl *^£ j» ^jf" Jll JUiVl OJ^'j JUiil ^Ijk^il
: .Uii iftU Ji jyUil .&Ji lit ^'ijj-l __*;_,
Ul' J i Ujia .1 ,j-) contraventions oUJUJ.1
r-joij . felonies oCULIjmisdemeanours *«Ji-l
i!)U.I iil^iilj IJJ J»j if ^ SjjkiJ lit Oli^l
capital punishment ^-ap)/' i>^ ^f^'j *' ne
crimes, economic crimes economiques
f U!l ^jUaNI flkil -ui U»>- J\ ^l>l ^
J >-Ij |»j ^Jjjjl ^UiJI J (^IjJr 1 ai* jUai JwJjj
^U ,/ljCiMI flkJl, Jl>-1- Jll JjjJl j ^UMI J
^t Jllj ^UNI JSU^ i.Uil i^ill >-*-u:. jjo;
iLTIj^iMI JjOll Cjo»^_j tjrj.jjsJl .IkJI l^i^g J!l ioiiJI
pJUil ^U>NU ^UiiNI .IkJL ikJy i5>-i p\j>r
i\Xs-^\ ^\j>r dJUi j._, .^UVI JSU_,1 ijaJI ilk' Jp
ilaiJI JLii jj^iil J^U-I c^fl^iNI iSUll Jp
t 4iisl>- OLU ioUaJVI OUJ.1 «j-Xib ciiUaiMl
t t iJ 5tjj ^p Ua>«J iiUil oJU>ll< Uikjtl j'_r^'
r-tjl . JJj^U iiiUiiMl JJa>JI lJ jit U CwW>
.lp JU ijbl; JSil vJJi^l JU»I ji ila>. . U ijjii.\
. . jjl .Uii JlU —»- j^J. JUJI ^JUi Jp ^Vj
^ji SUa* tjw^iUSI SUiiSl s iU- ^1 ^ajj ijUa^ jl
criminal law droit criminel ^-^ jyUll
i ^. "1 ^a.g". * ^Pj^jf tj tjUt-l O^iUSI ^j^ai *jj
Ji\ J&\j2\ j^Ja^ij Olijioll Ojili <-l; USj«u U*ljj-I
i^-jj i__ >o ^' , ^-l <j-*J ^.^r'-J fj=^' J ^-^
.tjJLlj ic_yLl jj^-ji lAjily .j-^Jl jlTjNI jUj U-j>^
. Jlji-I ^ji>^ Jp J_jv igjl\ jUi-l
JUJ U-'Uiy ^ jli oui^ij ^kJi jU Jp
if jJL-l Cj«ij U bl JU-I i»y«i t^i Cj\jyvi\ jjili
criminalistics criminalistique i*jj*<Jl JilT «J»
iJ-T iiyu Jl ^jj; J I iJUxll ijjla!l J ilj-JI
■ Vr^V *»j"-> ^-J^ 1 1/3
91
CULT
criminology criminologie f'Jr'W J*
i«iU)l J.ljJlj ir>l ^,\J\ ;Uj_b j* ^c-
^J^.i -J-^J ^V-^ 1 «-i» ^a-^Jj .I^VI Jl
cjiri ,1^ ^^j i_jL i^ ^j jr j i^i iy
<—>*\}>) -Jjj.j v-iJIj UiJI ^JJ J|_^| J| i^ij
. «i k>J Jjl J-lj*!lj ( W»J! Jj^ Jl .1 i^UJI
crippling estropiement jtujl
j! jljii 4»LtJj <^^ J^j ^jjl j^i y, a^ii
jl *L>li. jl 4j"}Lip ^L^l ^j. jl i*U jl JU-
. t — iJ «JIpIj oj*;
crisis crise £,j^l
klolj^JI tjijj" i_p£>-VI i>.UI j. i.jVL -Uai
.>__ li Jj^Ij obUil ^l>*Jlj <*»jdlj iJidl
jiTi Sou,;- oblp jijScij jjljJI olp^ ,^J| jjjjl
-b-UJI jl^xJI jp Lj jii i T j c ]\ oUjVI L.I
. ij~jjl O^UiVI Ac- tSja^)
dogmatism i^lXi\ > >»JC« *Llij
historical criticism Jtjtil oiJl Jlij
. <uJ*]l LUJ jl Lj».,« ,_jj^ j^ Ji»xJI iJu i-J£jt!l
cross-cultures cultures croisees
i-tJI J.lj«ll <-■■ ; i.;Ldl OliUill liDJb _Uai
Oliliil o-U jp oUlj.s »ly>-l; jji»L)l -^.j t ii^jLdlj
5j«j . oU-LJt-I iljLj iiUdl ^j^ill jL^>-l ^-J-V.
jU^jdlj OliLm «-L» Jj=- I$,i,li7 j^L hJ^^ «*^' <-?'
1jU*aj Jl
crowd foule
.UmJI
criterion critere
'dWi t jiiii
fr*— - 'J ij^'j •Li'VI (_rvi L. <cJ»L jl Sy*Ui i>}U-
V-V ^ !>" r 1 i> 'j**^ 1 ^'/^ 0" ^.^
JP "Waj'La:^ J ijaksi IJb-l»- LS"^ jjj'jS^jj JjLi
U-jy xi^JI Jtc_j . «j j> JSCJ ij^ill ^UiJI
OljIJJJ i«.>j^ jjp ij_Jaj <j jljiMI . .-;■■.., LTJL.
crown la couronne, I'Etat monarchique
&&\ u£a\ c^tti dJlii t£ iSi
jl J_ji>JI ji t<t _i kJJJLil ^k^"VI Ij,. JL^ai,
^•>U2^.VI Jjb \S t-uU iJJUil Oljil ji OlkUl
iU jji»«j ^Util Jj^1» j* 1 ikUl <L.jLf jjp UU»-I
. viJLULI JP
(J*
L.^ j>o* Sopli
J' ^
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criticism criticisme
^ jl .LJ* ^Jl
. i'jliJJ
cult culte
4-JJkll isSliill .aUjJI Soliall
Jl— **VI ^Li gjjj Up jj£, jl (_j<i Uj 4^-U^j
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theosophy iij^jlJl iljail ji5l_JLil JlSLil j<j
. Bahaism iitJJlj spiritualism oli-jjilj
CULTURAL ALTERNATIVES
92
cultural alternatives alternatives culturelles
4J&I JStJpt
. alternatives, cultural : Jai\
cultural anthropolgy anthropologie culturelle
. anthropology, cultural : Jai\
cultural area region culturelle iJliil iaklil
ijjUi* iJliij ioUiilj 4»p\^>-I Sjlii U jl L^i IS'
ijj>- Oli*&>-l j* IfJ -hrji -*» U »*j t j~S~ Jj>- Jl
^Tlj ,ol< ell viiL" Ji» J«- UU* L^-jJ^jji'i/l
. ^rC>oy*^/lj UL^il *c~ ^ vJ^>- JJ-^ Oils' 0*VjUJJ
cultural change changement culture!
IjiBi JfcJi
jljiSflj L~j)>£JIj ii_Uilj j_^!lj pWI villi J If
Ol^Jdl Jl «U)ll li» .iilllj v^illj J^ i -' UJI
SjJ-Uj tjjjb- «-ji J 1211 j^dl p*ii li* Jtj
jr & ^ni ^i f >. j, biai-ij V 1 ^ij
cultural determinism determinisme culturel
ij>c: i-*^, JUNi iiyji jl jJlili $\)\
Jiliil jj-i' jjSCi jl j-">Ua^j^l Ij,. ' -'"■_ Jij
cultural dynamics dynamique de la culture
-• f-li,! i»w; L< ti\ju Jp Ijlai Jl v^ljjiJI i/-J J
. ^ i*-;-^' i/'j'jj y v*^*' y • j i jj f «*^* y
cultural lag retrogradation culturelle
jliJI ^i>Lp J* _^J'
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t jji^l ^oiJI j* tjLii* *s-j->. fAJ- ^f j^i ^-r*H
jib "i J, .Ju j>-Nlj ic-j-i. jA^\ J»-i j^i JIS"
. jju - ujo, Sj-^l f-U^y »U» «• ipL^aJI ^aiS" U^U»l
cultural residues r6sidus culturels
im\ ou&<ii
(^J!l cJjll j ij>dl ^ Xili^l v^ 1 °W'
j«u iUiJ.1 i~Ji vilL- Jk; JJU-bj ioU^sU j.
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jjyyiu _/* *-Uil j>ill J Wji j^^ 1 'L^ J^J
4»l£!l j^jf J<- J»>JI L. u&L ^J i ^ li;il OUUJ.I
culture culture
4!fU^*il 4ll£ll
j» jiij jji ijiii jj«-j ijiii ou^j.1 i^j u juyi
itUlj i^UiJI iU'NI j*-»s villi, ^ji .j>-7 Jl Jj^-
«*sf j jj£i ^iiij j_y^i j,jW jp v^ — ^ii iiy_vi
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culture absolute absolu culturel ^Uill jMl
. absolu te,cultu re : ^1
93
culture complex complexe culturel
ijliill jw^ilj OLJI l yu r i 4JUJ iik^ IT jLc*
. Li }\ ^j*s, J^^ ^oJ i_illl ^-£jS i^LV^I JiJI
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culture heritage heritage culturel ^Iftll o$l
OUU4 j. 3ji\ Ulih ^1 iilill ^1 ^>-r
ObUII ilj3l lj* ,>wkij .Lj _^ y, Jil iil^Jil
culture integration integration culturelle
l y»«^ L»a»; ^-a^ J»U'VI a-Uj .Oj^Lijj jljiV Ifiij
J| jI>*1 i__Jl JLUI J.I&JI jljJii ^jjij
d\j <^^j V-* o^^Sju* JIj ^jillj v l>^iVl
culture, material culture materielle &lil 4*l£ll
jSv-iir jlj)/i i#«^ jii ijiii .uvi jr
y>lk. j. U>j ... jjlj ^^Ilj oljjSllj iWlj
OUI>Vlj L-jl^lj £ u;VL J^o U JTj .SL>JI
. ►LiVI «J* Ji* Ojix; Jil
<>U> ^» SlitU iolU ybllill ji jj-Tjlil ^jjj
. o^-i ^Irt-'i/l f Ikll J iUUll iJ&l
culture, non material culture immaterielle
CURE
J->- j. JfcJ JJl iililj oUU'^lj Olaiodlj iydlj
■ > T J!
culture pattern type de culture '^Uill &3l
• a"*"" u* ***' \*J\* .(^"i ^ -sISsp-I jl J~*- ii J»
Uj& Jll iiltll oLT,LI r^k^VI UL- juai, ur
ijeui oi.ii«iij -ai ji £^jj u&i iiimi iu^ii
. L iili' j/ JJI
culture trait trait culturel
4JL£JI i^jl
^•LVI J>f jl A k . „ ,. ; 5a»-j je- ijLp iiLUI i*_Jl
iilSl i^Jlj . <o Ji! iU't Jl ojj _,! -u_i; j£c_ V
L^y OliLiiill ijli« J >UU1I «JI ^-^ j^jjl J_JI ji
■ (-S^VIj 5Jj»Ij!I vpjly jl ^,iw
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cumulative frequencies
frequences cumulatives &*& j'j^ 1 <JJJ«r
Jjji-I ii-.JI t£;lj£Jl Jj-JrL. tLa^-Vl j ' r-i-
( Jp Ob^iil ~jjj ^' < : l_ ,^«" OU_jl<w LJaw i^JJI
Js- Jj^s^Jl J 1*^11 ilU- J "01 Jp iitiJ.1 OlUJI
Us- ^jp V~*J* Ji' ^lf oljjill jU*- jp iJL»j-l oUL
. »^U^> J&- jf- Ll»J JjJj' ^11 Objil.1 i-^s- jl Jyu
J> Jb-I t v JLJI Jp OljI^ScJI >mj£ C^UI »_»i
J >JI Jyf j, j^. ^_>o >VI «i> Jl Jj-Jrl
cumulative record registre cumulatif
J JlUJI jp LJVj U i«LT oLji^. ^w>- Jl ^J-\-_j
SJUJij Uiljl^ IJ* J^l>- Jll oU-jjJlT i_»lj-dl «;L>-
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cure cure
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CURRICULUM
curriculum programme a" etudes
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curve courbe
.frequency curve : J&\
custody detention jUaiil J«J' - ^-4^'
ji US' custodial care l\t-J\j J»i^i">U -_^iif.
protective Ui»Cj^i
customs coutumes
^a>^j\ *Lol L*^>*iU y^*^
custody
JiJ JJI ^Jul iJ^JI J»U'I V] C_J oIjU
^_jj c-s ^ ;L> s^j j^_;j Jrr J| J^- j*
u^ 4> V. v^' Ji~^i Ct\j&\ i>-jj ji Jvajj
^U J* -LiiJIj SjUJI Jv .LJUII ^<i«j 3j»j
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oJli a^ il_,aJI _,! ,^11 ii^ C~>J US' »~»«il
j\ J i^ uWMI Ui 5jIp _^_ voWl />UI j\
. 1-tJjij ^*-* *^j
cybernetics cybernetique
ir^>jij <u>-_jji_> »£»ji ollp ^-j-b ^jui jlii
94
dlf ^Jl i-U*!l_j i^*i]l OLLjJI ^/"rl f^ ^"V p^i
. i»JI OtJlSOl j. o^c- j_>J jl— i^H L- ijLj
J»UJ -i^J JJ1 ST^I ^ly jljijj J;-i~j ^^j'j
JuJlt^ »U!I kllU'j tj^l ^yll OLU* ^yi^ o^T
jLJVI OUUS'j ^j-^*- Jj^*j iih>v* Oli_ji_j oU-j tj
cycle, business cycle economique
. business cycle : j£ul
cycle, IHe cycle de la vie »l~»«Jl 5_yi
. life cycle : J&\
cyclical movement mouvement cyclique
jjSJ
Ob* <ul*j a^j IS e^ilU^ij jjSn^j
ji Vj'
~-la* LA j J t^J* "^JJU jj4-w-JJ t
^Tljaij" ijji ^J*> !&*} . { _/'^ >[ f~\yj M*jl
cynism cynisme
£&i
SL>. iuJaJI « jlij J* UJ ji Ml U J^o" M JJI
dadalsm dadaisme ipUJl
ij/jij tuikii i^i ji ij*j±\ j»^i j»j j_,vi auii
damage dommage /^H
dance danse u^j"
j^d!s ^}j j*di £»Ij-< t^jj; V i«-li| olTj*-
5 ^'j i/-^ 1 Je^ 1 0i_>& J ojjj JJ i^-jij~-_ > Ji
. j>Jil JJfc m </>_!! ia^ilj ju^i
i i L ... Hn j iJUi>-l i«_l> _ji SiU _,* il i jljjl t u£J\
i-JJ j SOpUII Ji iJWI sy^-0 .U-jll i*a»jj iSjiyill
ouijjsjij Ju-jiJ < *»»ji a»»jj tj—ji r^-* **W
Jif OUaijj UjvlsL.lj il— ill 7«iJ^ j vi-olj>JI
j r-l^d'i OU-ji_j ijlaiJI OUaijj ij^iill violj^JI
Darwinism darwinisme Ojjli i^Sa*
4->Jl ^UJlSJl jjiaJ jj&) ^3J^ ijliJl flJt* /*^J
.j. ^u j*. jb-ijii yji jijii ^ .iiji j».i ^y Cur
SL>JI Jtf- jiiL* J jvJ" jJI ijliJI sJii jlS" Ji)
neo-DarwihismSJjJ^I ojjljil O^^Ji L>-jJjJI JUJ
social evolutionism i*^^l ij^kJl Jlij
fyijj »Jidl ^j* 5;Ui>JI Jt aJUSI ii^ail jl ,jjj
social Darwinism i^^-^/l ijjjljjl ijUJI »J* j<
. jjjij JjLi ^«-»j
DATA
data donnees
OliaSw . <iilP OUCj
data collec-OUO *»»- jj^ls jp laW ii^*JI Ju_>
U^l-ij ») data classification l$.a'..<-i" _< tion
data analysis QliUjj data interpretation
data processing, electronic traitement
electronique de I'informationUUb oliUI amJIm
J! \^_p J\ OUUI iJlit OLTU il-Uil |>
date, up-to- moderne i^ 8 *" • - b .-^ 1
.modernism : ^l^ 1
day dream reverie &]£|i J£-
. ioiljil SLaJI J LjpLil j£c
ikiJi Jt- ^~a schizophrenia »L*i)i Jj
day nursery creche iSUiiJI jb
nursery, day : pi\
dead, cult of the culte du mort J'p &&
. ijy)p\ u***. pi"^ ^^ 0*""^ "**-*
dead-end job poste sans issue iiULI ift? jll
. Ijle-Li ijjv >*-•— j Y> li jp-\
96
dead-hand mainmorte
j£ji ^ jJUi jii t(J -<Wi <->^i3i
ilb_y. *>u; iji^i jij aj'Uj -i~ ^>J>' wj i-ij"
. i _^j»!l Ol— »Jll oJLal
dead time temps perdu ^UaJl cJjil
ol^U>NI ._-_: J.UJI J* £-ij ^iJI ^Jj 11
. «J,S/l jljLl >-L- ji
if/ill J^jJI ijie- jl JwJI uy'j* "^ ->.A>
. £U!l cijll ij* j- J*uji ^.jo;
dead work travail mort |»^H J*iH
oLrai iu>r j,u. j>a j.wi ^ ^iii j-*n
deafness surdite j»^"
i-Uu ~all *G Nj jtTI jl"/. fl " J 1 ^" J! ^-" ■*<•
^-jlsi »1-JI jj^; -»»J .iiWI oUJI u^ 1 /'^ r»*« i '
~»i jiUi SjY, au- J congenital deafness
^jUJl .l^illj Liildumb(»>3l *II>Jl «-i* J Oj^.j
JiUi »jN^ iiU- J adventitious deafness
Js-1^4 ^Jlj-J J .,,.,/ilL y^^l «^)j ijl* £«" i-Uu
ur use jiij pf-i;! j^ *i>;i J^'\ ^b
•AiJIj iUU}t j^jjl j*-^) ^LiNlj i^Cailj j>J««i
death, civil mort civile 'Jail •Jb^ll ■ J^ll <^P
i^ a»jjl »lfjlj iJ-dl 4^is- J^ | _^»i^iil jU_^-
97
death Instinct instinct de mort
.£* *ijij* ^'j- 5 ->^-^ jt-S Jit i-^jU y>ljk!l
tx;^ i^ijljw 5UJI ^»|_,jj i^U. ^ J,JwdU ill*
. Ojll j I jyJlJJ ijill vJj'
death penalty peine capitale •C&'tfl i')&
O^UII l^^i iJLj-l oL_jiJI xii_, ^j»i js
i ji*. .up^i jir oiij . ^^i >^i_, ji^j-i ^Si
J) Jj»w ^kJI U 01 -Ujj i^U/bllj w __,^l i_^JI
. i">UI ^iuo J c_ili Ji J, iLii iLi
death, natural deces naturel ' -.ft" o^ll
■ W!
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5UJI j. jUNI JlfcJl jp ijjULI ^^iUI j^z ^JJ^
. c_ll i»lj Ji£ UT 5>NI Jl lull
death rate taux de mortalite olJJJl J*u
i— i> kUlij jlSL.ll ^ Ojll ^jij j;_u i _ r= i
Ja-,_^ J*. <L-lS0l io!>U.I i — II j^ J oUJI jop
5jL_p JjJ.1 IJU Jbij, _, . i_JI kilt J j|£j| j_u-
J-w ^ jlSLJi A~j\ i*»l>- oLij oN-w ic'j
.«ij»JI k__^ oUjll J.W, ^_JJ ^_^ jU^S/l Oli,
ana. mortality rate
death rituals rites du mort Jjli ^j£>
burial rituals ojilSJi ^]ikli : ^i
DECELERATION
debasement degradation oUy^l
degradation ilp&i-Vi i Jl\ j, LkJl : Ja\
debauchery debauche
oUJi ^Liij .-^i, JTVl J j,JLili ^Ui^i
Jt tJb .u_^ jl Uij^i SjJill »-U- JI ^jj, U, 4 JlI
. ijWI ^lUVI iUJI ^l_, i,jU?
.perversion J»i^>Jl ijjji : Ja\
debt dette
Ji
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Jai J* *M. ^ fj^l t> v^jK s?- 4 * 1 *' f 1 ^ 1
oij iljoJI L^jjU; JlI ^Ql _^ (.LJI jjjjlj- . ^ix_
* * . s
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debureaucratization debureaucratisation
iJsljSjjJt j» JnJI
JSL* ._^i,. J ij-ji oIjUpNI 5j^ j. kjU»JI
. i^i>-i s> ijai ji >jij ^bvi jiji
decadence decadence islk^J^I 4 jjaoJI
aii ^JLMj ^p^-NI J'5U;MI iL* iK-i jl 4J-*
jt^-ij j V-'j-** OljJIj i-PkUVI ilijlj ^t*-Nl JiJI 4-i
'. Sjpiilj 3-iDl L»il>i JJU, i y ow, OlJ^j J] ( ^>JI
ana. degeneration
decasualization docasualisation
Ji Jllii da
J^«JI JlSLl ^^U, j. ^iyJI ,_JU-I S\j\ iL*.
^j^i ji iJlkJI iiljl ji ^,k^' JI Js^" J\ i^LJI jsj
. iUid>l jJ- JL^-Sfl ji w.^1 j^ll J J>-Jil
deceleration deceleration
iT>Jl «&!
Jp Olk^"Vl Ijl» jJkj .jJd\ Jo*. ^Likil
cf. acceleration
U^Jl ji i-f-l^'Vi iTj»Ji
DECENTRALIZATION
decentralization decentralisation ijTySui
ji ^ui j-. ^^i ^t*-M j i js>^i j_^i
l j ^j .^5L- J' J Sale- 0-L>uj ioji.1 jS'y j* J«JI
»J»-j j* iJji <_) Ski— ^ <:,.,.|ij If ijlf ^sUa^-NI
jljtl i-Lf- n.yii C_^>o t5j>-l ijbl ojj-j JI ijbt
. -UiJl *»lj* JI * '^ 1 iJjS — Llj Oljl^l
. Jxll J'jUu-NI j. C-y iil^J.1 ii'^ 1 ^-^j 1 ' j^f.
decision decision jijisJl
JJIju jj»-j j* . decision making oijiyli
. \^ jLj^^l alternatives
^jU-i j^\ } j»- Ju jiT ^i tj;u -^y 1 ijij
. jlji iJbu ,j-Jli JUL j jL^-l iJbn j— Ji —
iliil tj\ group decision Jplli-l jlji : Jlij
L*jdl if-Lkjfc- 4]a--l y Oljl JiJI
^\ decision theory ol^k^Jl ilkn ijliij
"Vji»^ L»Lil jijj JI i-^LiJI i JLiMl jJsjj <L.lj.a
OU-jj Jp oNU- J cc-^i-^ J-*^ is*iJ* **&■ jW^"^
y> kUJj ^ J»jiil_j taTtll »op_j kiltll j^ i'_jU>
. ^jVI »a»- J Jal»«il ri) Jlp>-I ^y^" J->^ ^i^ J Wi!
decisions, administrative
decisions administratives <4j6)" oljl^i
sJN-OJ i jbVi olkUi Jw Uj-w*; J\ oiji^i
. Jlill J
declaration declaration jv^J'
J* f U!l ^ijll ^LkJ _,i V-^'l ^ jj^ ji V^ 1
98
i^L—JI IaIIjJ j>-Liilj iajSoJI Ji 4f»-j UL; ■&•
unilateral o»-lj <JJ» ^ ^.j-^ 1 Oj^. -*»j
j^^^j" 4<_j jj_pJlj Ls^^' u^~ J.p- iij^J- 1 L»^iU;l
IJL* {-*£■_) W*Vj ^j'-" (J^ ^"^ ^f T M ~ fi ^ ilasJI
declass declassement
ijjlll jAjju
J!l jUlj ^^Ml lijUl Jplji 4»> ji i ^I^NI
j^ »JU JI iS^ji If J_/ill Uj— JI ^^^ JI AfrUJ^I lfi'.T«T
decolonization decolonisation ■* il jifr*--' 1 _^j»w
01 T JI JliNI -uilij^j lij^ ^^....U ii>"
i jL^c^^/l 5_^^/l J>^ J>J i^j »j^»-l i«lil j 1*^«jC— j
. iiUaaMlj ijbMlj i_-L SI jijLII ijib>»< J
colonization jL*i-M : _Jil
deconcentration deconcentration
•>;■' J! i ' L:;:JI l/"'> u^ J^ i#** l? 1 y-* 11
^Uit'l J^jJjS^/l ij-UJl ^- J^/31 (O^. ■ > '/i«; j
JI *iil iolj ioJil i_Ju,aXJ; Ljj^^i 0*"^ tJ^*-j' ^— ^
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decree decret
fj-^ 1
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. l*Pj-rf>j' Js^L^-L <-»! J-l «-Lc-l Jibk'j i iJJ ^J r \ ^—Ij
general regulation <, 'j|h^H jl CliJl »l-l> 1 V*
i^UJi ( 4r ,, ^' , V-*J **^ -^'y jj* ^ i^i decrees
special or individual decrees \*yM j 1
99
J 11 (/j governmental vJSiji ^J ^ J^.j
deculturation deculturation juili _^J[|
j* lili' ,Ju£dl ~>J>J.I Lj j^lio JJI iJUJI
iilidl Jiju ^ JT *_i j£i ji vlf ic_U)l tali'
deduction deduction kQLf$\
Jii; ^Jil jj&dl Jp jkil J c "AlwVI li» Jjo
'^ilil ^ oLiOc ^ ji t *JUJI JI oUxill ^
j* !»*•! SjU- oU-Lill JjSOj .t£/-\ 'tSiL« iijsrjll
JI J&l j, JUiVl Jp iUi-VI ^jk. IJJj tijwJI
. ^Wl JI .Uil j. ji t .>Li
formal deduction ^j£3i J»liL.VI iJUj
'JVluLVl iCl^Vlj t ~l_dl ^Lil i> ^- iij
*i! V J-^j constructive deduction
. induction « t \jcJ^\ » J»u^-Vl J<li j
defeatism defaitisme V'jfft'
j^p JUiJI IJl» jl j\ JUiJI jlj^A-l jjjj ^Ul Jp
defect defaut ou defectuosite j^eji\ -Ji»«Jl
'- ; . ; Ojjil.1 OLyJ.1 ^i L'lpl (J*- SjJull »JkP
jJk^ail J JO j . o.j< OLSo! <_-U^I '- J 'j^ 1 J*'> f- 1 *
4 olV . * jl »UaJ ojJi »-U- Jp i^Jj^—^JI i^-UI -ji
defect of per,Cai«-i!l J&- : u-^ 1 ^ J J& j
. mental defectiveness ^&«Jl JW'j sonality
defence, social defense sociale
DEFLATION
defence mechanisms
mecanismes de defense
_>j*mII tjTuiII
"t,f ££■?' £tioJl
cf. social defence
•lpIsjJI J^Jl
Jp .li^l j^ydy j,i i.jiili jp g;jkj iu^.i ^;&ji
deferred gratification gratification differee
.£l~-Vl J^-l' Jp X:~; cjill SUJI JaC cLUl Jwii
J| JjJU jiJJl J»-^l «LUI jl>l .UTVI IJi,. j-^j
«^_ ^ oUUJI j,. 4j; pj ^Ijjll J^i" ^UiTj ~UI
non-defer- ^L-iVl ^J-r't »j* Jac' Jl UjJI ^jji jiyi
• ment
defiance defi «/^"
. resistance i^jUll : ]a>\
deficiency invalidite
. invalidity >oJl : ]a>\
definition definition o^ycll
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JiiU Ojl^. JkiL ij» ; j»dl JjS^.j .,j»Jil J UOjJjkJj
iljil tj-^'J 4_dul _^"^ jl i «^. j^jl OjS^ ^""1
aJ SjjJil i-s^dl ..^J i;ljjl oU^JI jTJi, ji O^dl
.operational definitionj 1 ^^' ^A)&\ ■ J*\
deflation deflation J>i&?i\
Jl ^Ull, ^JJall J j^i jUJ^I J J.ISJVI
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4r* J* ■ A i> *~: i^JiJI JUiVI ►«■ ^Li^l _,*
J>/>\ iilj j» ji t oUoiJlj ^Ul ^ JS^I ^jji j
l^«- J iiLjII ^ ^fi i_i OUOiJIj «UI j^ J&!
jjAJjj L^^a. ^iSCiMI jjS^_ 5jU)I Jj .^jJiJI JLiMl
. ji/Sfi j
DEFORMITY
deformity difformite •l^ 1 0j4J
. . . jjl OlU»)flj Jj^lj ^Ij f IJli-l >__^ ^Slj
i*i>xJ ap ^^r^**-; ^yi^ j^*^ *— • 'L*j-^ ««i* jli ^yj
J o-l£ ^> y.-XiJ i-Jl; jl «»-IjjXp jl J4II y
degeneration degeneration J^u^ll iJ»uviftl
jp lljJLJI J iJks«- jvT i-»l>>^L; Jiuai" JJU-
d\j>S^\ jj^j Jij . iyill 4J lii ^jll ,*»2k1I julv
1 ,.,, t5 v y ^'jj
.integration « J»l£JI t « J">UxiMI 11 Jilij
cf. decadence
ana. disintegration
degradation degradation
. jyiJl jT^ ji £l£. i _ l i L j£ i^'u j- jil U.JI
oi j>- jji j^jji ijkji Jp ^jWtfi jii* lt
. J»IW^I Jl «£l ^ l^i. oir JLJVI
degradation of labour degradation de travail
100
deism deisme i<.Jall <utjW yj&i«
«£jj t *J ^iilj j_£jl jlU- ill ji JSUlt v^oll
C — Jj 1 jJn]\ jX^a jj-J j4» milli J* jtTI jj-J
JUall ilL» jjS^j jl j^ ^ Ijjj tiUll SyiU iU> J
iUi;^ij j>-jil k_j»ill IJU jS^j US' tiilj OUjNI ^
• ^rl- 1 "
delegation delegation &3l ■ -i»jil - >
»U1I ^fiv; fljiil *r. J»^i *-*" H^ - <j" 'JjiJ- 1 -*
. l^JI j^UJ Jil iji-l jp i-Jl; «k^ J
jAjtfli i£ifti - r
J-
^
u^.y^.
f>. j' 1/
delegation of authority iLO ^yu^j J**
j u ^»<-i jl ILkj Jl oijl^i itf I &L, Ji jwj
. iJy— It iUi>-MI *• Jil JJij tS> : — *
delegated group « i^jill JpL^I ■ Jli _>
. i— «^ OlkLo Olj i_jl_iSI
deliberation deliberation iljlill
ilSLill f-j^ijC. iJLadl JJU>JI
^j-i; (^jj; oMi »i
i-i
ii IJU
r-
delict delit
i*Jj«JI 1 4mImJI
5jLf« Jil JUp i^JA JjUi^Mlj J-jJI
deification deification
.obi
Jp i*_^Sfl ii-» jl>Sfl UUiOc Jk: J!l iJUll
aJUIIj . ,_/>U~iS[lj jlS^Sflj VvJail ytUillj .LiSfl
J«j i^sU-j ill, U~i jj^j j| jUJ^/l i^Pj JP _ / yu
iju^^all «Uui Xp I^^JU* ij^2>JI *JlJ jlS" Jij .Ojll
jii uni jjju* j^Ujji jir ur ^tjjij j>iij
. UJLI ^jH\ jl tLiuJI j. jjLI jp 5jU CJlT
u a*yj Jp JpUll i_jip Lji ^,-^JJJ S^aUjI «jIj*-I UX
( ^-j.i ji Uji'T jifj i.u)i ^Jiy-ij jj^ili ^^jJi
cf. offense
delinquency, juvenile delinquance juvenile
i}JL* J* iLw Ike'
-VI
101
. S.UUI ijlijlj 4-oL>MI Jl ^__^
j Li jl iUjII Oii jt villa*. VI vjl^l LLj
■ . jLOl Jo jJ* g;oJI .1^1 ^o
^y -AjL*l ijJ^-j vljlo>-Vl Oliyu i_il^"j
Y > j > i ^ L ^ ^S/l o»JI ^jl jli >I Jl ol
i- >a _ r< »« J ^^aiMI OsJIj .Sa^cll OviVjII J t-
. jjJ^iU viila»-VI jjili J i*. >A_j oLjiJI jjili J
delinquency social work service social pour
les delinquants
/Jj^Ill oloi-^J i^Ui-Vl Xujjl
,Jii£j <joL>-VI Jl^Vi L. .>_ Jll j^J-l
UL>-l SlU; L>LU;_, viu*Ji jo 4-oL>Vl jju^JI
La~>^ ilUJI ^^a^i^ijj tLi ^-LVi/l JliJI <t>-j jL_j
•u^ij vlo^JI «$*>.} r"^*U i«j^UI oL/^y! 1 >w>jj liii
^Jj-Uj Jo 4jOpL~«J 4j 4JL> jvj <\J Oj^— 4JJ ^-L^-VI
. ij_ !l SL»JI Jl 5i_yJl_j iJuJI 4^Ji_j <o"Ulf" l_j 4S"_»L*
delusion illusion tUvjJl
blj U»J* 0_jS^j 0»j **L^J <JiUi* y\p Jis»l» ^L^ol
. 4~vtf -4 4Jl>- yjj*j .^.T.,ul
demagogy demagog ie
jUUmI juj i-iL-i t o^-UJoJl
j»£>^j ^» ^jO>^i iiidl jvp i_,amJI ^»Lj>- Jo «jU : II
^Ul Jo 4>L>VL iiUaW OU-j^il jo alf'Vl la*
»Ud^fl ^JJIj 4>L>VI J»^)l i^y jjjfOjj v_olT
. J,Udlj j^l Jl
cS-di -*jl) demagogue .Liall J* j : Jlij
jl Lio JaUL ULij ^jL^TIj jy»Li-l jU' -u^.
JiUVI Jj_*._j jUI J;»y L^i jlj Utl_j»l li \j_Jj
DEMOCRACY
lf»JLa« Jl UiLijI -u,- If jiTI L>!j_j L^Lj>- Sjli^.^
. i*Li>JI
demand demande
^11 OLXll Jf- OjUt iiLaJ^l
uJWl
-Ul
a*
._iLil
jU^fl a^ Lyl^ Jc- j;jil»j Oi- 1 *^— * ijj^l^-ll j_jSL
<-Uj ,j<»IjI»I ^« iJJJij ii-u i-^>j »jj J U> iLji>J.I
. IAU Jo ts^S/l *LiS/l
<ol ^*c j^il J jjd\ Jl >__UaJI J jjdl «- y __,
tjyu'j L^ ijikll ijSl C^Jt£ I inLJI JC «*jl lil
. (( i_aUI jj"i i) ~»l 4»%JI »a*
dementia demence <Ji^i\ >. J-kll
ji tij-^P LI i( v5l>Jlj SjS'lJJI J pl\* Jt>UJI
j« p> dementia praecox ^UJI J^ Jli j
i ~^2J <i — «J Obl^fkJilj Jio J^U»Jl Jo jlJu »LaiJI
. ^ajJI y i Jy % ^i\j ijj^- 4-^«l>JI j^ ^v Li ^yij Jkl
^j~iil '-rr~f;j senile dementia i»-^~iJI J^-j
»_jjl iUT Ol^jdl (J A«J |V(-^>j«JJ Ulo ^n^JI Jp- 0«J
L **^>- jL~*ulj L OjLwi i/l 40 --<J fLJaU 4-*Jjl ~AJLJ
. if\j\\ ^jljkvilj 5^>-Uil i »-_} jUI iJS'j
demilitarization demilitarisation
4-i j>- OlOv )\ tSji i_p-j ^ Jo t£jkj j^l *I^>-J
4j;j>JI OUJll JJIjJ Jl /<iil -ti 0»_j i i-v ^jl Jo
. uiai
neutralization iL>JI : Ji;l
demobilization demobilisation J>><Jl 7V<r >J
. 1JI 31^- Jl ^^1 ill^ j. JUi^fl
mobilization lLi3l : ^1*1
democracy democratic A^lji^JoJi
iw»>-iJI ^-"'jS'j ^>»l' **J ^'y_ i/-LV' fU»>
DEMOCRACY, INDUSTRIAL
102
J JpLsU tUapl 4S"jli. l _ r -L-t J* »jij iJLJ^/l
political " i ^fhf *??\}y*'.^ o^J Jij • Vj-* 'j' J '
^L-l J* „_ *l ^Ul i^>o jl jt.j democracy
j\ J^Sll i__- jl>Sll Ok J=* ^ 5ljL-i»j ij»Jl ^
democratic4l>lj»jJjIl 0'^' t-^U^i »j»u_jj
^l i-pLi-l «Ul J* i)M-UJ administration
. oijijiii sun ii^c- j ^[w._jjjii •» 4S"jUiij 5jyJ.i j;
democracy, industrial democratic industrielle
^-Uij i*U*ll oUuJI ilijj JiJaii j jLJIj SjbNI
oU-jUl! jU-j oWjtJ.1 ^ jULj £.1^1 jU- j, ^ jp
>_<U^I jv oUjldl «^' villJjj ... tJI oUdl jU-j
. ^UaJI ftsUI jj^i JUlj JUJIj J^JI
democratic centralism
centralisme democratique JuWij^jjJI 5|jST\It
ji-" (j* i£>J J >.^J ci-^J SJpI— ail j* i-jjxJI »Li*l
j^ij US' J»ljijCJ)l ^_jU-I y> lj*j SjUSI Jl J^JI
Oljlji jJai Ji-JI 5 j*»"^" f^J y*-^U «JiNI £j*a»-
. &f}.\ ^JU-I j* IJa, LUI Sj^l
demography demographie jliCjl As.
^U- ff,j jl£_U a_«JUJI iJjjJl jj«!l Ijl» "
£Jj% p>>Jl Ijft J* IJaj Uj ^u jyj 0l£jl »»-
>*"'j A*^ UK Ui">t>-I t£J"J jl£_JI Oli*oj jJJ ^
. uisDi j* dUi jr jiij
~£jj . demographic policy jjl^^Jjil CQl
. L^-. iibi~ .l_»l Jl jlSLil J*.
descriptive demography ly-j-^j" jl£-JI pL-
economic demography ^jUa^l jl£_!l U*,
qualitative demography*-^ '«il»- ^ Jl£_JI C-IJj j
quantitative demography'^loli-^ jl£-!li^lj.?j
demonism demonisme c-jj&ilj jmJU iLii-^l
jl j>t~JI i^jliTj i~>-jj outs' Jj^-j J jU^-^i
j\ ijot- jjXJ Jij OLSlSJI sij> &JfJ iik>J.I jfUjJI
jU^-'idemonomania^JUaliJl jL>ail : Jlij »>.^
e^j -iJI ^liaLJjl 7-ljj J %Jz£- AjL ^ii II
demonoiogy demonologie J^ 9 ^' ^'j^
SOtAll jp li Tj_f" viUij t 5>.j^ ^JU!I J jjSCj V.
demonstration demonstration ^4*"" u^J""
tlj>-lj i^ >jjill .•♦A' O-^- *_-jj-XijI ^_-jL-I -l^-l
oU-UiMI »JL»j .,jfr-jlaJl fUl J^JI J-kJI jl ij>JI
-L^aJj .djjJlJI OljL^ll L U- * ij-UU i« — J L Ajjj-^
tjw ^j .0*b/Ml jl OUujJI ?-jJl J i^l>- 4J^aj
i_U^ U»-j4 ^ V Jll SjjScll oLJuJIj ol.lj»-^l
• cS>*"' **;^' *;^
demonstration centres
Olijil - Y
(£i!l -kLai Jkll ^UJI ji oLWI jkll J
4J »jt ^i)l r-til-MI cjl UU*- JjS^. J» Jl^j^lj
Jl MZ~i (g\ Cij# jl tljIjL^il LS^M'' j^ ^>~J'
." ojIj>JIj tLiMlj ^_jjUJI
ij^LoJl ij*Uall - r
(^J»-I Ja h«.<ill cJJr; OjjJI Oljiil Ji»-j jljpl
. JjJII
demoralization demoralisation
ijiill rjjjl Jjj^i i Jv^'ill iUi
J^UJIj i^U^I J-JU-NI ji w^l i*ljJI Jii
103
jljiS/l £\y. x>; J ^t^VI J-JI Jiij ij^iil -31
. ikljll «j»jIjjI_j
demotion degradation i^joll Jjjl; jl j h'fc
^/"^j .frW J^- lUUi ^/-^ -tij tOUjt-ll
• Op ^i;( lil j I i,yuA\ J__ Jp J.UI J^ SjU.
. If. oJ&l *LpS|1 »UI Jp J.UI 5jJi
denomination denomination t_Jbjll t &}&l - \
OlpU*S' »Ji!l j* i>-jj olj iiJU* i^/j 4pL»-
Baptists j^jl-u-ilj Quakers jj£j£Jl
Methodists j^j^JlIj
Jl- Y
DEPLACEMENT
"dulij . g;yc*Jl i^pUI Jp X;: i jl jjj \>\j*e jj£L
. axiological ethics i^-ili J^UVI <_-»-U
department departement &JUil tijlj'tfl
^j^i\ pJJ, J»LiJI j. f> ^yuii C->- iJlil SjbNlT
. JLpS[I ^ij
Sa»J.I oLMjJI j department *^ J^'j
^jlSVI p-SJI f%^\ »JL-»«^-_j . 3jlj_>!l Jp
oj>-j «j^ cs' departmentalization
»l_il J fjyiil i»LiJ
JJijJI p_£ll ^U Jp
dependency dependance
J-JU
aIuii
J ijU-loil ij*ji-l oLUall Jp ju>j" ^11 intrinsic
extrinsic
,UJI
jl Ajliil ^ O
u^J
P_^ijll
. OUj^ijll J* aj^io f-j-ijll liJUJ 4»">U- Jp Jjj ^11
denotation extension jAilll
jj^_ jii jiySfi Jp Jiiui <w.> istUii LJ ^_ ;
ji>Vi o_^_ ,j tjjw.ai i) 1 ^ « yp jik, ^i» yp
• J* jU*l cS 1 J-lwj 'l£J)I t^i L- ) JiiUI j-W» U 1,—i
ji iivJi Jp JiiUi <Nj u! ( iiiii <uU jik, u ^i
oli^all jl ii^Ji oj*~>_) connotation »_^jll iWj
. iaiDI »jfjH l^—i
ana. extension
density of population
densite de la population jlidl i&\&
•population density ; J±,\
deontology deontologie i j&}\ .ijj^i ^1^
j^ill |^iJ i_»L,i iLa»- *--»-ljII jl iiSUJI i^kJI
ai J^il jl i«o t-iJI Jp ur -u^_ V ajIj J^uSfl
jkvij i.?..»,..ll (JjMI -IsJJ ijj^iil OUJail Jp J_^~asJI
. l,Jp J_^»JJ 4^.UJIj 4.U1I OlOpLAI jp d^JI Jl
iiUiiVI jl iJ_yLaJI <L»-LJI jt jf-^i ^ya^i ijw
dependent child *-i^j J<- JiW jI^IT
. \^y l^jj Jp i-jjH at*lj
iyUll iljOll - r
. cf. vassal state ijli i«j^>«j ^>_ ^j j^\
depersonalization depersonnalisation
Xwikill jloii . ^1 J*^J
jl ~*y j\ OlJJL jj*-l]l JLd# lf->w2J -iij .A^p O^P
t Ifwl J-»*;j J^iJ e/^.J 1 ' J*- Jal—S lSj= ,; -' i~<a>wi
i-^i^ill ^IjJjl ^p jjil ^ ^j
deplacement deplacement
&
i;i»P ^o-iJI J?^-" i-"j-*< J 7-">Ua- < »MI Ijf- J^ai
OlJUL Jli.ll jl Jvw «»lj Ji J j^a^CZ iijyji M
DEPORTATION
deportation deportation Jlf^ll tiUftl ojijil
.4 ji 5i_yji j* ^S/i oWi oikui ^ipji
ii ^fri (.-u ji ^lyr)!! iTjL. v_-_, dliij J_^S>fl
depopulation depopulation jl£jl Jlli
limitation of jl^lll jJj»J Ul .^^-l JI i5k> j,
Ja^. JJi jl jlSDl iiL j p* Jl uio^i population
J— Jl JjUj 4~"l~" JdJ" J^ "^ij"
anti-natalist policy
deprivation privation
OjjkBi .jU^Jl
aJIj»I jl 4jJt- ^ 4jUjs- jl ijj ^ j^jjl -Xijf
depreciation depreciation *lla)l iM^sI*)!! - \
Jt llliij t J_^Sfl i^i Jt l>_ ^JJI ^^iJI J;U-
5L- J^U il^,\l IJl»_, tijUaW .l^L,. jIju^I
Ca»i; u^S/i «^a£j CjU. jj£, oi ^f. jjuji j*»\i
jli ^ ^^^o ji Jl J^j gi ( _^_ i jlT ^1 jySi\
depression depression
aLS3i- ^
104
JjJIj ^..j-.ll J»liJI ^Uk^L ^«i <JUjjl ilU-
U*~l£ jy~-i jz*-^5 *t^j* <)jr^ -^*J • ^ :*;;^* OjSJ -tfj
deproletarization deproletarisation
je- i£j£ ii^aj JUjJI Jl_p-I tlr— =~* (J*- J-**!'
. U.UJI OUJJI Jj>o o^L jl
deputation deputation A,yi)i
delegation : Ja\
descent descente y_-3l 'J-iSll
J^U- oU-L^I J »^^ 1 ^Ljl (^S^j' ,Jll SOpUJI
matrili- »Ml ^y IjO=^j_. < _JI j_^j o»j .iljiil o>U»
.bilateral U-jjj. y patrilineal ,_,\i j. ji neal
descriptive study recherche descriptive
Aliu>_>!l i-pljoJl
o^lt ( __ r ajUa>- j;j* iJ^ajll i^ljjJI uJJ^I— J
^-»j^ Jp XwjJj Jb-b>iJI aju0 <uU- ^ i U" »„jiy jl *Ljc«
,Jll 5^»Uill jl <Ji»jll jLij OL«; jlJUffl Jl tiilj
desegregation desegregation
discrimination iJ^^LJI 3ji3l : J*\
Ol^i -1>-I jAj iillaJI 4-*J f-LajjIj iJl^^JI ©Aiil -taidjj
■prosperity »u-jll i^j *Llij cijUa^l ijjJl
.business cycle £zV*£i\ sjjjjjl : jliJl
desertion desertion
>4J'
. aJIpI OjJj
. abandon ti'J : Ja\
105
DETRIBALIZATION
desertion of the worker
desertion du travailleur J^lill yj*
a-U Ji» <-UJI Jp J^jJJ J_>j)l w^-idl u^iJ V-^"
. Ol.ljJj-l
desire desir
ls.)\
^iJi J-«.«j 'iM*-* j' i'jix-' i^ ti' jlikll c-jjjl
ip^Jlj ijPjll i^ Jjiilj . Olt^JI Jp ijli oLi-jll jl
i^jll jl US' .1,^ l-LiC jJS"i_j 4P_^)I J. lJuM i*j!l jl
despotism despotisme
. g}\xz*i\ »&>JI lijlxa^l 4*-jJl
ijy 1 f*» ->_p-j r-*~ j^. ls-^ L s-'L_-' , *i~" J**'
. *>Ui ikUl eJA <us jJaJ
destitution privation yiiill . iiUJl . jjill
. poverty : Jit
destruction instinct instinct de destruction
death instinct o^ll sj!jP : Jil
detention, remand detention preventive
ila*- - ^! J^. J-ii— i j detention home Jiii-^tl
pi ^-J j,jjlj iU>JI Jl i^U J ^h j,jjl Jlii,S/l
^— »> .*«»- J! «-»-l— >■ J (►* OiJ-llj J5L-*
jjjki; jjJLIl JUtMlj temporary custody
pl^r j. oyjjl U ila^S/l ^U^. fU i*Tl»J.I
Sjljp J5"l pjUtf jx-1! J JUkVI »"y> flJOl jl ij
^ OU^S/I «M> i>j, ili^il JjL. Jjuj
. h yj]\j <U>^Majl ^>-laj1
deterioration deterioration jl—iJI . jji'ojl
, liJJj 4, Li U jl -ill J )\ uW J -si— ill
cf. decadence
determinism determinisme •u**"
LJtluA* ^i . If'^J V"rr^' c^'j^' f^* -^ ' *-*-*
JjJ^cJ iijj^l Jajl-tJI APj^jf Jp ,*^"J CAJiUa* *Vj
J^j ii^xJall »_jWI J jlyiX-'MI X>j«j <ipj tU o^aUi
ijljjj J-:'>-" i3i^' Cf~ u&^<1~~>- Jl iMl iJ_jLJI Jl
fatalism i jJ^l j*- «~»^xJl ^'/Ji^j .41*- ^ iJL-jiJ j\
indeterrninism CjJi-'iUI ^x> ilJkJl Jilij
J-ju o' Jyiil jlx»l i^l t jL^-Mlj ojIjMI ij>o J_>*iJ
. iJj>>-« jl aib i^U jJUj jl jjj J^j<JI jy- jl^ jl jl
ana. necessitarianism
detribalization detribalisation
aIO)I rjjll »_Jl<w?l
^'
jj . <uLJi!l oU^nll -Uj kiilij . i./.;.
jj^Xo l^ils" j^oJl j^j"-^ j^ jjl ■/ » «■ ; j;JJl jlji^fl J*-
■ Jr* t/W l£^~~*J *»Laij j^jj tS-iHj J~»^" J *Jj
i»K) U o»- Jl UjI^i T-'iUi^.^l I.U y»iu aij
jj>>-V. i>* r&** J' ^-^ urbanization _ r ik3l
. i^^uJl jtlil Jl j_>*^j ij;jll jttll j.
7-jJI ^-*l*^l jl L>-^]jj j^j*yi tUIf- ^yiw L^yj
J V;ji-"l j^u" ^11 «-Ui-l jl JyllJ ^-l>u Jj iXjil
^>~ <-I«ja3l 7"^jJ' ^j«,./i t i ^**^J Ji JjiSI jl (_^l i^odl
DEUTEROGAMY
106
• ^
deuterogamy deuterogamie
JUii^/l -Uj jl Sljj -l*j iJC fljjll SjIp tLLJJij .i.-S.
.polygamy ^jj3 ^ijjli : jz\
devaluation devaluation sZSi\ i*j ,yL^c
u J>\^-\ y epLaJMI ^Jkjil IJA j_*)l j^dl
^_-A-XJI ^» jjjll ( j-ii ol tSl i »JUJ i_J|j iU*)l 4^_i
i-ijjil JkxJI oljb-j j. jvTI ij*j J-lx-j ^Wl
. yjijdi
S^iUJI ijMI J »-l>u_j tvwjI >rlU,/ill IJub jl ^
^*i Jl Ji^-JU *LU jj& M JJI iUJt jl Jp aiuJ
. ^-*^ Jl Jj j>*iD iLl* iLttjd i— -JL <Ua->-j TV*** -^*
developmental stages
stade&4&*dev©loppement j^ 1 Jj-'j*
^5l>Jlj jj_J s^L_. *~L»pj V«~i» 5y*Qi jyill jC
N <Jl jaJI I.XA ^yajUa^- j^jl ^*j . y r ./i / .,ll j^ij <J>*!I
. U£j-U ^o U I j 3L>x* l!j-1^«j
y°"*i ^-~?~ ^sijr^ tw - J W~ -u^W" l5 >*^jI ^jJ^«jj
'r-'^'-J ' i_r^J^' <ixij <j'jjj <J>jf-j <Jjl» J j_^i!l
. V^M|> UiJIj iLUJIj i_»_J-l .jjlbjil y J jjj^l
US' t U-k; jl l*ij— jl l.«,..J^ Uc j^ill jt jjSL Jij
oUU'l j^j _u» t Jj^>^1I oU'^l J \jt jjSC 0» «;l
0»j ^jJi\ .liJL^VI ^l_3"l j»J i^l^MI JiJaJl
. jlj*- jlj *j~JI jl^il i->*~0 y>xj j^j
i >i!l J^UJI ^ j^JI y J ^j; JJ| J.ljJI ^ij
0»-jJ Uj ijP^Ml 4^Jlj J^U (^j^jjl Jj jSijIj ijj'ljjll jl
development, social developpement social
.social development : J*>\
developed country pays developpe j*JJI ^ li -U-Jl
jji ^j£l jSui i^l-j i^r liujji ^jiii j^oji
semi-developed or quasi-developed countries
developing ^Jji £jb- jl yji J ;i>.^l iSui l^L'j
underdeveloped o^ljlli jSui UL' J countries
ii&cll j*>UI ilpl J Jtj countries
undeveloped or backward countries.
deviation deviation jr^j^l - ^
»^Aj t ^^—jUII j,* ^Lji* J i^« ^rj^ ^ J«J'
r-jjiJl j* iljUl J <_>Ij»JMIj (. SjIp ik-jdl j» ifjJlil
£-* d_»u . J bill jl Jjjllll jl (^jjl Jj jlall JP i>Jl
t jUjMI ^sl^MI ^Ijii j.j UlPrl Jjji. > iijUl
. oljJiAl ^U;
.U"MI jp Jj>JI j* *U^^I j ^>l^Nlj - Y
Jjlj^xJ^/l l_,~« 0JO»X« JJI—jJ ^r-Lij J^' J* j'
\P i*«3jll OUUI ^* 4pj*jf /ju ^r-l-i* jAj Ja*-jJll
deviationism deviationnisme
40~'?'
i— S'jlll i^Ua^^/l i^iiJLt Sly* ^\js\ jA
. 4_- Jjil Ij-'U-j^ijL <j jJJ 4jli Cjjll Jj
jj^LJI IjL^ pji ^ 5jLp ajIj ^il^^JNI ^^vJ j— ij
. cp ^Jl^^l J ljJi>.l jl "hi
je- <_»ly*il JT » ^Jlj^JNI ^Jm jjSC iJiii Jpj
Jl jjS^ ji Ul ^sl^JNIj t^>JI U«-ij J!l *l»iJI
« <u jlfjl i ULs-l j^. . JjMli i jl—JI Jl Ulj ^yJI
. (i *^{j » Jlill [ - i ju.)
jjjj^; ^jy>JI Jl jjjj^xdl jl jvJMI ^u (3>«llj
t ijpUJ^I i_jj>JI iX>- Cljjl Up jw!I *Pj— u^"^
107 DIALECTIC
dlb jm ajj^jj tlr'jLj jjajji jl—Jl Jl ^j^l jlj ^^^iJI j|_,jjl ^i y> iJ ^aJl :<j>-i °j^j
devolution degeneration ilfajj^l t( _«Usil '
• , cf. social diagnosis '_tlli^l ,aliJt3l : Jail
• f "^ J*' Vy J] *--^ vV* i>" o^Jl diagnosis in community development
decadence J.IW tJ yo; ; ja\ dia9n0Se danS le development^
communautaire J&J.I iuikll ^Aj^i
diabolism diabolisme
• demonism Oj&Jlj '^l jiaivi : >l ^JU: ^L" U, ( ^JlI l^ JU, Jll o*ASoJ.I y>lk. ^
. . ijj>-\ cf&J^ As- o*A£J.I
diachronic method °
methode diachronique 4)5°^ v-4p> u"^-^ Q** 4 r^^ v^' J 1 -^' J -^j
cf. synchronic method oLJlS^ £^>J.l J i-ldl i^Jlj iolll oLl£/>fl Cii
jj^o dUJS' L^. Sili^VI ^IkuJJ ^ Jll i.lS3l
diagnosis diagnostic u-! *a s Ji . j^J ai> j. (j Ji
jp liiiij ^>\JaJ>\ j I (j^j* i«~i> -bo^o il»*
■ ^.^i ts" °^^>Wj »J^J *)j-^l i-tjj Jj^U
diagnosis, cooperative diagnose cooperative
diagram diagramme
Jpj .Ji-il ji ^1 ^JJI j ^U^VI ji .U.SfL
.>. 0i" ^^1 JU^-^J ^c_ ^^^^1! IJU ^U dia ' eCt dial6Cte &* * &l '^'
diagnosis in case work diagnose dans le cas
individuel ijill i,a>- J , /<°~.-.-l i ' ^ t u- .. . .
dialect areas tjw v'^
U^ c-J ^1 ^L_Sfi ^^j J^Ji eii r J ^yl dialectic dialectique iL^JUl < JjiJI
. Jl^LiMI la* jLjil J iS'jjJI Jp »yj »jJbiJI y>—j' ji>i» *=r'ji JjJ»- jk^
DIALECTICAL MATERIALISM
j -aUIIj ^jUII tfijLiJI jL^/l ji OUII ^ S/x
<0Li j* i£-i!l «^ll li* (j — »l J^» /w^j -i»j .ijj^aJI
IjJil jp i_ii&j il^-b-jj OUailuil lii-U* jjvj jl
. 5jl»-j1I oJl»_j iUL»t!l IJla «Jp »_ji ^oJI
U^*t»-lj ^rwiiUil ^..^all iJMJl v_->-_y_ cS-l!lj
. L*^ /Ip' Jl>-Ij (_^Ij J L^L> «^-lj t j\^ailldl
dialectical materialism
materialisme dialectique
JLUiJl &lll
. iilll t^jilJ J-^^ j_jLj i>^x; lgi!>t>-l jp Jijsr-jll j»Ui«
i-Lp ojL*l> lUil Jl JJjLi-l iolll jkjj ..A-k ^U.1
i«» ,^11 4J.UM J_jiL«i] Uij l-Ui«J Lji^ lSj^"' j*'jk
mechanistic materialism i^LSLlI iadl jp
vlUij j^kJI ^j J^adl jUIj j^kdl ^^ Jp jTjj
. ^jSUl JtUdl Olij SjjScil iotlJ
dichotomous division division dichotome
^ij oUvJi j* ii^> *J ^ : ^^ Ji j£)i „&
t ^jL. Y> ,_pl. Jl J A_jJ r l o—i^" <L*t\ «JL* J v; J
. j_su Mj jsu, jj ^Jij yr Mj ^ Ji ^ilij
L^ Ji-j M ijyi-i> »ljL; jjXJ iJUill i»_ill «JU Jj
108
. OJjJ^j 4pUj»- j-Jl^ii SjLc- (^jjjU>J-JI »>^>«JI
dictatorship of Lj^jjJl 'A^y^.i '■ «-"*.J
Jidl JlSCii j, JSJ: Jp aJN-UJ the proletariat
iJLe"lj!l 1 -Ijjll 4 ; <,/i:l ijjjt^jaJI ^ji J J>JI
.autocracy : jei\
didactics la didactique
cf. education
diet nourriture
r&*'J
«1JU)(
nutrition
>'
difference, method of methode de difference
. j»l_jlall ^jj Jajjj ^1 (jyl_jiJI tJLi^'lj i y>j J H'' l }^xJ J
o^»Lt C-!-t>- lil <Jl ^L-l ,Jp iijkJI sJL» »_^iJj
1 Jl»-I_j i_Jjt IOp ^ jdUJI hiT J if. 1 ^* "-JjjlaJI
.method of agreement
differential diagnosis diagnose differentielle
dictatorship dictature ajj/
'(33jJi
Jjll OU./ill iJ>u (_jJLil ) __ r a ; itiJI
differentiation differenciation ^Q\ t jit«j|l
<Jl>J lj;U< L. i^^t LJaa.lji T^aj ^il «JUjJI
109 DIRECTORATE
u ~>\^\ j* JliiMI j\ «; Ja-Jy j>.l ^ jl a,u\ J^ ^j ^Ji ^^ ^jij. _,i ^LJ jl i^/
^lidl ^heterogeneous f^ji Jihomogenous . i^sJI
.dU^JI JJ
diminishing returns rendement decroissant
^ji^l j^l ^ jdJI J jjtll jIT lilj -^ -Jjj,
>.^ ls^ «-*'^J | J OlS" lit j morphological D. ,. ,^ ., ; ..,.,.,
.functional D. JJi_jM
social differentiation '^^f j^l : >' i^JiL^ ^L ;J d> ^js ^dl J^U^I Jj ^IjjJI J
ana. individuation ....... „.„.,„ ^ . ,„ '.
J^ljjfr J OJibjll l,J <£}*y JJI A^dall |_r>JU .^dMI J
diffusion, culture diffusion de la culture
jlU&l jUil diplomacy diplomatie aL^^ 1
i^l jl l^Lal jjjla jt iiUdl OdJI fjji rU_ ;V ^^ l^iy JjjJI iftU i*»UJl JLc-ljSJI
U-* J t£>-' Jj'^U*- J* jl tJ>-l J) iHa^ <y .1^-; d_JI Jii>-j Oli%JI ai*
iikil
u^J
i_jUdl 4Jjl^ r »S' dbl «~"L"_jljj ids' L»j«i-jj
diffusionism J Si JiSvi i'^L' : ju,_, jjLII J compromise j-»>!l j ji negotiation
iilill y J jliiMI V s ' uy yP 1 VrjijiJ^^ 1 ijlauH tsjb>l jdA-l J* J-uJ J^-J dJoT . id-dJI
SjUu-^fl i^lj SjojJL-I oUljU-VI ijM aTjjj i^iJI SjJiiil; j~3 JJI i-^jdl oldjJI J*, iJjjJI otf*>UJ
. jdJVI j^jl; j ijliiH oU_JJ ^Ullj S^J.1 «i* J JjUju ^_iJI ildji V-. uMi Jilj s-liiVI J*
SjU^.1 Jl ^.jj iitsJLl ^jliU^I J jj>-jll tdJl jlj • ol»">UI
^ J -^ a - _ ^ diplomatic corps ^dJi viLUI : Jlij
. ^^Ml oliUil u ^ ^ _., .^ JjJlI1 j. ^ ^ -^^
dignity, human dignite humaine &£?i\ £>\'JZ\ " — ' l[ -^ 1 . Jj>^.j ^ ^^ i^ Jr>.->
„ - . ' . i— L. JjjJI
^*j • ->>n <;is^. jjjiij ^Ji f iji-i ^ i-i^sji
jl jjy.j J^USfl -.di i-fj^il ijL. ji idbUil -i~ j, . .. j. . J ,,
^ ^^ ■ <-^ direct action action directe jQ| j»iJ
action, direct : J&\
dilemma dilemme \\^j \ L jjQi _ s
j* JIU ijp ^ jd^^i r >^. ^all oijll directorate directoire £Uli i^il - ,
. 4>«dail jje J l^«^>- jl *r^y Jsdjl 1— jlj=j- ,j**-?, u^^" t^' *ij' J ^' »A>-_jil ^k
section < -Jis' l^UdJ o-ji i _ r i«j ^id i_yU ol, 'c
~*>rj*^ i~ai CUAi« i^Jj-I j^j jl*^ . jU-.ll J -^
. office ~U!lj
JT jl Je. ^b tS>-VI "uL-U. jjSOj iji\^~\ Oli '
a" 1 ^ ^*j ' V— * *»>~'l i>- i; i L^tc^" j;-i* ^ Jt»-l . department : Ja\
DIRIGISM
ijbl j-&** - T
. iJ»UI Oir^jJI jl^i ^
dirigism dirigisme »Ull <u^il t_J&Ju
j^jjl ^i^-^'j ^ua»mi iuji iUjj vry <i>*ii
(V* °^J -iaJa>cil ^*»^ <jp s^^* sf- jl ~°j-*\-r* * a - A\
• economy, planned <^LI ^UiJ^I : Ju\
disability incapacity jm«!I
t.\j~* aI^p *bl Jt ^^ijl oj-A* »Op J>ijJ1j ^ j ., ^tfl l
ic Jlwi 4a.,rti jl CijLI J>**ll-» i<*— i ^ _?*J ^ij* ^i^aj
. pjl-Ul J>iJuL) (j^—J w jAj
total LIT _ji partial 6 ji- jkii j^SL j» US'
J IT^i. j»-Wl J& i lijj t disability benefits
. i.U)l oIjlpUiI
ana. invalidity
disarmament desarmement
-*JI
t>
«bkil UlSCil i.JL.^1 .UJI £-*Akv>M! IJ^ Ov»i
iJUj oUUjI ij ^> ,\p ^i-Lta A> -A*j Ui-U- Jl^^ jl
M _jl oLjUj'^I el* ,j*-*5 Jij ^>I^NI Sj-U^ jl
. »l^l IoaJi.Jp iUJI llr J^
disaster desastre
HjSl\
^.-j i *ijj!ij jjMjiij ouuiJir a>-iiLi j^ii
fUiJi Jp 1»>'T i-ljjo d.jljSlU i^l^MI i-ljjiil
«i>jl_j£!l oJU U^ ; C" ^.Uj tSJjiil iljLJIj ^IcV^ 1
o~j 3,l£!l J->U ^ ^i)l ^Ic^-Ml -kdl JSLij
• V- ->■*»■
.calamity jliil
discharge renvoi
110
J^JI-\
J»j<il i s-Uj ojIjL Soil ja=>^« ^t J**!' •***■ r— '
Jlij ... ill *JI 0>-U- »A«J jl J«U)I JP 4?Lij »A«J
■Lil 'I «~ij jl^»^fj . rjj^ /* j' l^j_/-^* J-**" jj^i
J.U. jl^P^I J i>-J; 5UJ.I J J-JI JJUl i*J_JI
. J*JI OljjJ l __ P - -jLa« J»-l ojUpI Jv"II
JlJl .">U-I - T
discharge j^- 11 ^_^ J^»> ^-^ ^j-^ 1
conditional ij^tj J^-!l «"^-l ^ J»j from prison
c^J *^ ryill A~ij J\ discharge or probation
discipline discipline iJ^Ul k~J> . ^UaJ - \
: Jl ij . J.JI ji ilJJl ilijj ki oplji
social discipline '^U^JI il^L— 11 Ja_^
ilijj «^-ji i.^1 jl ip-U^JI jl o^S/l fl_i Jp aMoil
.1 lkJl fl-i— * ; l : JL_aJ LT . ^j>JI iJjLJI
. 1 u-.i i Jii^Jj . lack of discipline
regulation of olilj>JJ JijV *j,y oUJ.1;
ol — i)W.l ij>j disciplinary penalties
J <U!I j^ C_«*j lili . »lj»- ^ ljl« Jf 4Ji>«i-j Uj
om jlc'l disciplinary offence u)U«»
disciplinary proceeding Lr ^. jl - ; *'>rl
. djip i.jitll *Syj 4** J*i>tJ* ^l^^-lj A-JI i^JI a^-yS
_J^« »UI djip ijJUll *£yj OkS'Uj. oJLsxil JI>ej -A*j
4jUj jAvsj disciplinary council vi^"
« . ,'
. l_ ;jlJ Ijlji
. ij>«fll iJjjJl jl 4Jj»ll JJ fjj - T
discovery decouverte iJiU^Li^l .JtiisJl
. Jj j. ^>> (I J!l Oli-WI ji y^ljlill illjil
JLJ)/Ij J^»i jl *_jf_ ,_^t>-l ^^w Ja-i5Uj jj^j ^j
j jyX; JUIjj <»j»ilj JJUoil; iv>lijlj 5jj>-jll
. audi
111
^y\j discovery J&\ ^ jj\ j^-^
<j«i>JI jj^ML JJl J_jn<»- _y» uii5JU invention
ji j?" i> ' J^l JP ^t£)lT t J*ilL ilyr^
J*i!L| "j^-j* _^P SjjA>- jy\ rf. i_ii£jl _y» f-lj^-VI
discrimination, racial discrimination raciale
<Uj4M\ 4tjtU\
J-rf.Nl jl i_-LJI SJjiJI jl ( Jj'\ j\ J"i ) ejJI ji jjjl
S.U ji ^ <;li j. ^iJlj ^l^VI J^Sfl ji />j!l ji
^jj ki_ T a^i\ iijill jjasIj (Jil j!>UI fjij
^oytll jilSjj SljCil llC. Jp .ji Jil oll^iSl
antidiscrimination legislation
social discrimination «!plli-Vl 3iji3l : ^1
discontinuity discontinuiteJ-il>Jl »u* tflkiftl
J-vxill Jp iiUd! J_oUl J_^_ l^i ^ikiVI J-b
Jtki^A qv iUaJI fUjilT .iJUllj iiUI OliUJI (jr«
. .. jJI pftul'j i_iL_-NI ijfi iUaJI f-Lkilj OU^>J.I
discursive cognition connaissance discursive
4i.lij «JbJI Jl oUJill j^ j*-iJI «j Jiuj U
iJjjj U (_jl intuitive cognition "^-^ ±1IJjVI
. if-Xll jl ^.JbJl;
discussions, group discussion collective
4fl»«Jl iiJldl
ijili jljiVI ^ «-j»ji ^ ^_ ^iil jl_pjl ^
jcj OLr-JI jc- 5X«j ijj iiSL. U-^- ^.^ f^ij.
. jl^iVlj .IjVl j^jJ JjUJI J&£\) i-ljjjl J;>
discussion group groupe de discussion
DISENGAGEMENT
olj»- J* «j^ill ^y -bj* eU!l i— Mf- il->iJI J»l | Ae-
. 1 iJ-^il J iiilill Olpj»J~ »Jixi_Jj
disease maladie
o>>
*i-i.«l"j .4jua«JI jl 4jjJI i^wiil t-jl^Ja^il jA tr^vA'
. <>l^l j. j£ ^IJb-l J UU Ijjj it-l^l J.lj»JI
5Jb_j J yiL* ji- jl Ij-lV" J^'j*" 8 -^* J^ Jj^i -**J
. ^jll oVl^l jjrfii jl
ic-UJI J-ljJI j* v^N! J-lj-JI >>: ^iJ-iS'
Ojftlliil o-U^ jyu" OM-bw C^-J (_SjLj"j ijl^^i-l jtLUJ
^il <tJI ( Jp l_bj-i IjJt yj; ijli'j iotrfial Jlj»-I
. 4J O^ljVU^lj ^jSi A*J?jC ^-bij ^jill Ly'-f* ■■"
diseconomy deseconomie
^jjUsJ^I ^ij^l Ai_Jl jli^l .iiUai^l »op
jc gX jil iJ_JI jL'VI Jp T-^Ua^VI IJU J-b
. il^.^1 jl ^UiVI J .lj- ^UaVI iUJI J --jdl
jV^I OjLj l>^-).\ i^-h\ S^Lil jL'VI j.j
<y>jA\ »UiJ jj^ jp djo^^i Sj-ilJJ j*p jb'^l Ul
ojLij i y~j jU--MI f-LijI J OLlil j» LT i Hail j
t_jl~»- jjp iiL" J T-toMI 5jL J jl i U iiL" j^ oL j^iil
OUiJI J ^j^l <j^Ls^i*yi f-U- i — jL«-I -^j . iSj>-\ a*1--
oJt»-jll («-><■»- OJbj jl T-bj'VI i_ju)l^J «ijj Ji\ i^liil
. Ji.S!l r ^JI ^ ^1 iiUa'VI
disengagement rupture de fiancailles
jp Jj-uJL ^ijjil Jp j i opljdlji>Jl 1 >.i i siflJ
. jipjil IJl*
L u #jy£i\j Clj UUall J J>JI iJaiJI j^_j Jjjft Vj
JI**i Hjj'^ -*Pjil -b^" Jif^J Jji Ij'j^ -I'j-' J^J
jly^VI Ji- l yu_j>ci\ jJC »Uiiil «lSo-l ^^iw jl Jp *>&L
DISEQUILIBRIUM
112
. Jji*^ i — **- j>X;
. engagement iiiJi : Jii
disequilibrium desequilibre J^b^l t djli^tll
Jil 3UJI ijUaVI v»UI j. cbb^l x*jl
i c_Op _jl iJl_*» jjP ijljjl jjlyil ^ji ii\f- Lj f«~«aj
j'j~* J jilScll Ji»J f-U- J}t>-Vl; -Uai US' SOJUll
j i u-y j i Lijit J^t>-Mi U» jjS^j j»j . ouyjdi
^ji>tj &jj*0 (J ^^^j ~^f ' jj^- 1 oi US U»Uj ^ .JJ^
psychic disequi- [ _ s _iJl jjljal «-u- : Jlij
. jlyx^MI «opj OjJJJI JUiiMI J j*^iJ librium
social ^U^-^l jjljdl J^-l : Jil
. disequilibrium
ant. equilibrium
disharmony desharmonie
jlijl _ j9lj3l f j* _ fl^J>l jSbM
^ijjl j\ iuJJI J Jj^VI .___, ii/lU JlpL^!l ^
. liJJj 4;li U jl
harmony rl^-Nl : ^
disintegration disintegration kiis33l
j I jjji!\ ^jjJ «!_,-. 4JUISJ jUf-'lj >lkJI 5Jb-j Jii
social disintegration^U^-^l viiSill :Jl*j
dismissal renvoi J*«!l j* J-AJil
discharge : jliil
disobedience desobeissance jLa«]i
jL^a*JI :Jlij .ipllall J»- J jl f-j^iiJi (J^»J
J~» jljiMI i»jUl civil disobedience Jail
J.U1I jL^p ^^ku J^il oli^U J J . oall OlUJI
disorder desordre <s*'$b '^O^"*? 1
j^u-Sfi ju.j j>iai J14 u Jp ^1 v^-^. ur
j«_£; »op iiU mental disorder ' LS -U£ JJU- : Jlij
7T../i~j i\,\*jj\ jl ^-^-1 jl iJ-Xj 9\*ai j?^ -wa^iJI
disorientation desorientation
Ujj\ jijii j* J»i>3)ii t «i^?ii oiius
iivu jU»-Ml j*u (J ijiil Cj-is^j *—Ju SyiUi
jp j^*, _,i tjlS^ilj jL.j)l -Jli^e- lljJb ">\» ifcij*
disorganization desorganisation
t ^Uio J-ju jlT fjyi' Ji» j 1 >iKi; 4J-*
(•UiJl p-lpj llijl A* i!Lj- ^JiJI »j— ; -Uai US'
fai^-o_, . J.l£dlj J-Udl iljLJI oii ^^wj, ^Jl J-JI
Ol*Ui-lj i;LJ)ll OUaiJI j, JSC jU^_ Li jJOa^l.1
. i*L^Vl
community disor- »»S«Al <±&Jt Jlij
economic disor- li^uJ)!! vi]£i3l.j ganization
family disorganization s^VI kilxi'j ganization
personal disorganization ^ak-til iHS^Slj
social disorganization^lli-^l viiSiH : Ja\
dispensary dispensaire Jue'jLW
ji>Sii Jp ^1 .j^^ii ^ u *^*i.\ JisCii
JjLi* OjOj pl^aill ^><9j-»-U i»-X>JI e-Lj- UIp i_JLv?y— 11
■ </-» ^. ji
. clinic : Jil
113
dispersion dispersion
V J y" ay. J^LJI ij JUii «-j^f ii j ■" ■'••I I
C^JI j_^__, .SUi ^J5il Olj^ j, OjUJI jlT lil
jlT jUi CJiJI jIj^ aio jl l^j;_ >nii j*,
l$*»lj C : ', :l l ^-Lil iJLa*-l J^t Sjp Jl^-jjj
DISTANCE, SOCIAL
dispute conflit c,\A\
li* ^04 Jp jl -Jli j»- jU«i-l Jp »i i_»}UJI IJU
J^jJl ljUwsl Jv Oi>U J^jJl JJL. • J fljJlj
jUi tjl legal dispute tJ jji» w_^ jjSL a*, JUJlj
lot
it UIJ ,1 i
^jN tsjll Jt^i «,>j range jflJii ^oli ^^
tJljjj^/l ii jl»j semi-inter-quartile range
tjjUll JjljjJ^/i iijl»j mean deviation Jilyl.1
.standard deviation
displacement deplacement wjjtfi t jaji
Jll ijhlj&l J*,/ tj^ £^J r Jl J^S/I l*iU
' J— " u~4y. ji o-j-^ ^ *-»i **^r ^^
oClj^JL ,tj}U SUI ipry jlT ^jjl . ^Jl J^jj
. iijS/i
displace- JL*!I J 1 ^-! : Jli J-*N jl-V ^j
i JL*!I J^ cJTi\ J-jUl ^iment of labour
i-^»>i)i M~* tjl displacement of skill ijl^Il jiij
tjaJI jjj-S/l J-l^ ^ ^Ijl^f j-U^I J JLJI Jp
. oYi/l jUol Jj <LU; ^£r jlT
disposition disposition JsmJI - ^
L/I i^U) ;_JL "iS^JLl gi Li" Jll iikiJJ JJJI Jp
Wji jl u -^' jl i-lyJL Lj5C>- jj_^»; aii ig* JUJ.I
. . . »JI i_«^ 3ai j^JI jl ilis-'jU.I C_>^ ^^ai^iJI
. i-jkj jl iSj- ijU^-.l JUil, «Li!l
j^ jl 1 1«^*" j' <>*jN jl Ojili j>— ^ j' j^Uti
^ ^^j ^/ jj^l Jj»- jjA;j economic dispute
. illjjiil Jpljj Jp x.:.,..j U'lj (j^li
dissociation dissociation
4l«akiil J^mjJ jl f 1 -^!
c-^, c-S3l *lj^ j. ipljll ^vi^JJl JUi jp jlSiS/l
. ^Pj!l ji /■ Ju!l iJli il l^Tjj; M
J~b^J j*- Ij»-Ip ^^ai^iJI J«uC* i-<i^ iiU- j»j
. i*ljll -Uvaix-ill »lj» ^ j^ll 4__iJI 5-l>-jll
dissonance, cognitive dissonance cognitive
{J*, j^-i J >>" >J^ jj^" Festinger lywij i^li
. 4JlJiji»j "Cljj^ajj ojl^jlj *il»ljP ^ (J>-ljJI lii-l^l ,y
^la^il lilj .L-Jl>^.j Ujlji4 l*j^4 jjSsJ JUil jl US'
k^Jjy Lf «l^»J J*J « ^j\jCj *&*£■ i£Zji jl Jl ^^1
^l>J.I ^__Jj yTbj> 1 j^ ~^ liiJ Oi^
distance, ecological distance ecologique
Jp opUI 1-U u-lij t >.jS' r jn JIS^I o*UI
• uiJ 2 '^' ji-^* u:; fH lj J ' ji ^ 1 ^ li: ' 1 "-^^ a" 1 -'
distance, social distance sociale
social distance ; ^k;l
DISTRACTION
distraction distraction £L3l c jjjill - \
amusements : }»\
A \j £i jlS"l «lj_» J** fy*>y Jf- sL^NI jU^.1
t
oUiNI j-fy" »-u ilU- j-*Ak*»NI lif. - L - li . ^
distress detresse ijl^JI - \
calamity ; J&\
saisie j*^ 1 - *
distribution distribution w itil
t J*.jJI U* jU- J iljii-" Jil £^ >^ <j« t/^ 1
• jj^'j £->.> j^jj 5J - ;li ^ J* c^ 1 c^- p <j* j
^i ji j^i j. ,-ui s>, jiai SjUJi j.
J* i—ibkLI H^' J-b* *&* rtjy J ^1^>JI cjl
. n^y-i Ojli ^jU-I J JLJI j Jlji^l
distributions, statistical
distributions statistiques iiLii-)/l olJwjj3l
binomial distribution juiJi >> ~ jj3l : jliil
frequency distribution "tsJj*2h ^J jJ3l
district district iilill t&kill
yJL* jl JaiUfc* V'j'- 3 ' Jj"* ^j-*^ 4~*ai*Jjlj *UJo
~!Uall «Ujj Juuj iikll jl£- j. ^,-lsi *yl~j
iikll J icliil iib>J.I
114
business district Jllp^l JiLLT t>w J»liJ j-^' Jil
residential district i^S^-JI iiLIilj
disturbance trouble ^\'}aj>*p
cf. disorder
divergence divergence u,J>ivJt tU*Gl
ji iiti*. OUbU'l Jl lijU- jS"> J- «U"MI
Allij iUI J&JI jp ji <>• J^ a' 1 ^Lr^ 1
iki -u* »l£WI JI Jil L«i convergence ^jlill
. i-iaAj
diversification diversification gjd\
lj p. -i^i US' i. ob "&£ii Jj^jll iUfel
-lil J ji iiUi~. «jU- J Jlj»NI o^jl ^•AW.MI
. ip^u i_*Lu«l jl J~<9U»<
divination divination t_Jill Jp (Jiljall
fortune-teller Jsi^ll Ujljj Jil JL^SlI
<,....kli 5jl»JI JJUijil iijlo*. ( J J » t ... H j J^ull JI <-s-V"j
ji JjU3l ji astrology J~>3\ JLr ij»^-Ji jl
T-ljjNl jli^l"! ji augury JJ: UI ^J, iJioU ^jli3l
»Uip j-j_^ Stlji ji^W jp *»l3«ll ji necromancy
Jxll tJ» ji scapulimancy l^i^ o~ oUI_,^JI
jp iljjl jl sortilege ^jil 'J.j j\ scrying
.cartomancy J|l Jjj J;^
divine kingship royaute divine i^p ££h\
Jl jzju Jil oWjJI j^ jvS" J -^rj r^J
J^JI j. ^ kiJJ j « ^ jj, j^Jj i_-UJI i jTjLI
olJi>llj jISjSii j. j_J j- 5jU »lkil Ioaj
■ -vll i_^Lo i w ,.,,ti'.T JU; <0l i£jj Jil 5a~iJI J_j»- ojS'jll
JkJ jl C _^LL. J-J ji a!">U ili. ji vy i . li£ . Cr^.
or. •»*-" taboos p^* Jj»rj (^) ^^ o^ g^. ) J j^
J.UJ j^l^ ji .Lii. ji ^l^-il JUI ^J ^^i'
115 DOCTRINE
}y hy^i v-^ 1 ^ ^ ol ilipVl (Y) i-b geographical divi-JliU "Jl^il -I-^ 1 : J&j
j^ii <r) oUlj^Jlj oUjjjll Jtj ^^il .U-j ,> J iik- JT ^a^" Jt ^MjOJ sion of labour
il/ill jJUl tfij lil <tt J ill/iMi ji iUll Ja «U . l^_,> ^L £ tfi|l j, c^ L y
divorce divorce J^lkil
jj^. jp ijU ^jll iJjlil j| Frazer ^j
iij* j. ,11111 oij- jjjji ^ ^i ^ ^ tjus, • ^ ^ p ^-~ vrJ c'jjH a-u £-»' j» ■
' . u-i^li ^j 55U1I S^ofJ'^liUi^^-C.^^'^
jjitj sJUsllj ol21» ai*- jljkilj Hjir divorce
divine right droit divin *jfti jiji '
. . . jJI ojUi ^^ M ^ail
1 ( ' . • •' . J^-jll > o« litl* Jil J5UJI ^ J iljll J>-j "
S V- ^_ ji ^| j^ji la,, ^ ^jli ^udl • J ^ se P aration J^^ 1 us J> ^J
division division iiklK^jiil >/^\ , 'i\\ - , ^^' J 1 ^ 1 f-^ t> Jl***"^ >»^i -t- 5-*i-*»-
^b?! jl^l j i*> s_b-, ;_,b)|l j^.^ ^ c ' ^ ^ ^ ' r - J -
4_Skll ^4^. : jL-ij . jo^. iLi^ ^ doctor medecin <JJal\
^ill l _ r -U«JJ divisional council
J » '" J J -{g^S^ £^~ ( jA*iJ>dJj J*_Jl.l ^j^ji^Jjl
. 4^A* <Ajx^ j«ti Sjbl ilp , '^
' ' ^J* : Jli JlT V. o^b~ J ^^Jbf^l ^-Ak^Ml
|>v „i,jl - t school doctorCjoIl ^IS, y family doctor iL'Ull
oJb Jll jMySfl ^y ja jkil jJp j __iJI ^| — II ^M\ : JL^_ L^-jl^j^Sfl J_,
Vill »^>-j jl*tlj Jr-iiJ^ o-l^-Vl j» ^^-^ l^ jUdl ^-i. t ^lyi Je- jAj witch doctor
*-ill jp Jkll ~-iJI ^iiij l^i Js^UJI «j»-jj **t* t_— ^"1 ts-UI .j^ai^ill snake doctor
division of labour division du travail ^ ^ ^- >5U * dl ^ ^ l ~ ri ^ ^ > -
iikiAl oUjiJIj oLLJl ^jy : ^.^1 J - \ talking doctor J£L\ ^Jjji : Ju, t^-
' V-. 'r^ •> l >^ 1 Ote~. Je. 2^il J L5->_r ,j!l • c^.j 11 d^ 1 ^j 2 ' 6^ 1 hj^ P. ts-iil ^^.-Ul
l^Uil i*t»-VI JoJlbjll J ^^^iJI ^ ^ ^ jc-IjLI o>U^ J ^laili ^UjiSfl *V> Jji ur
... jJI Qylij L-L-j _ l&±\\
> ^ uyJUll ^ JJI ^ : .Ui^l j - T physicjan . >(
»jlj«i-l_j o_US3 U_J So^lj ii»«. J J.UJI JU^il ^Ul
ji>^ 3,1*11 yj i^tj^i iUSOi 3.LJ j; ^ a j, if doc,rine doctrine ^& '^'
. io^lj i_Lt i-,jlf ^ J.WI iBlk l,. ujijU; jjl ^jUlI jl ij,* j\ J_li ^ij
DOCUMENTARY RESEARCH
116
. l,Jp v^JI aljjl
documentary research
recherche documentaire ^JBUjllj ^-SkIi t-»vll
»» iijliLjj .ip_jjall Jlttjll ,Jp i^»«JI IJl* -U>j
. will »lijilj otA^JL tUi-VI J ^jb!l j^l
IfXJjli*} jw fj*J>jC AAbull ^lidl tf«jij Jl t— *-^-_ j
. l^ULj Oi^^jw (3' dwsylj l&^%~jajj Jpu>*JI ■_* ia^J^
documents documents
J»»j"
oLJ^JIj ol^tjlj olj jjjjlj i_^!l jp _£j£
<*J Ota jjSsJ ej^A* jl ^^-^* *^1* (J^J JaSI^^JIj
. d^UI fW JjjlaJI .^ v»lj
*JLp Jp documentation jl'^li iUT Jjjj
1< 5 .... ' . T ; iiillj 5_U*)I JJttjN ,>* j&f JAP j^"! *~»if
villi jp ^^ji ^>ij y* ^ui £*i»i j^
dogma dogme o&jj t5 '.Qfti
jji *j)j~ai Jyjij *^-U» ij <il ^ tSJil l-ull
dogmatics ol!^iJl : Jlij . JJj Jl jti—NI
. I— • j;i jljUp ji-jj Jl •-'-Vi ^y^i «ip j* f j»
JiJL, jl, j. i_jkx. dogmatism il.ji-1 jl i-ililj
^OSliiil Ajiijl - Y
<Wa?or _^p OUJx» Jp. iJ^ ^lil H=TJ (Jp J-4 kili JS"
. Ljlj U^^-C
dole aum6ne iSxiJI tiilp^l
aid 4jj>» cSapI_* : _^i
domestic economy economie domestique
home economics . J&\
domestic relations relations menageres
. ^ J.l£)lj jjUlj vtl ^Ul Jp I^Li ^^.j
family social work
domestic services services domestiques
o» -ji Jp iJJjll JUp> yJUJI J Sljll Jk*
domestic servants ^a^JL> Jly^/l j^u J jlic-j
. JUpS/I oif- ^uu
JUpSll; ji^JL JI^JI .UJI iAP Jliij^ l>J
jjjj Jp j">UI j^ jjiT C-Lp iihiJ.1 olpj^illj
t^jj; ji li jti ^11 iUUIl ii^JJ iJjdl oJpUII oUo>-
tiUij i_-L^« ijj^a *~^h iiJlxll iili>J.I Ir'^j^ — *
IJLijII ^y l*j^-j i^>t^ai\j ks-^-^l oLtill jJjX;
. liUkl iUll jjyj Sljll ilpj Jl OOr" j!l
domestic system systeme de I industrie
domestique i2Ji\ &Leb\ fti
factory «^ll ^ c.*,.- ^11 ^li^l Ui;i a^i
J^jl, 5^—Sl jl>i »>. «lkJl l-U llkj system
jljlL (»a^j>. i^JJI J-jJI t_^-Uj ^U>J Jjill J,
.jj oU.1 -J I jJLJ pi J—JI oljjl LV'j '^'
uyy" J 1;jj' J ,aJL -' f^ 1 '•** ^^" ai -' -Wij— ^
Jvo^ J .jJI b>r^ Jlj Yj ^ ^LJIj ^ a" il - !,
putting-»lWl IJ* v— ' ^l^Jl^piv J-aij <( ll«II »U«^I
b_^- r JIT JjlL »UI ^Uil ji jL»l; out system
domestication domestication
Jii" jl>-a^.^L.j .1,-y ^y SjU^^U jl »UUI Jp
117
jl-jVl Jliil j* Otlj^l jU-mJ j&. Ji> . ^Uall
domicile domicile jSCLIi 'jfcjll
toll Li^»- ly« *— *J ,j<a»viJI 4i« j>0 (_sJil jlSvll
*iJ J_pc; V ^L-VI Js-S 4^ ^lp lil d_>^ UJbj
domicile of choice j&S\ J&'j>\ : Jli j
. J Ua_^ ailiil (£^_, ^.aLiJI «j jSLj ^jjl jlSUl)
j;jiyi j£— . domicile of origin ^1*»VI jl^llj
ana. habitation . iijiU\ c_* _>i
dominance dominance 5jk>Jl
Sjk-Jlj Jj-Aill_j ..Up i; ,,iklj »^i ,_jl U. 1,1 -II
•Ja-- ecological dominance ti^r^l f^i-Vl j
,_^d. xp t,all i^,j j «ip -i j^jji Li JLp^i
o^. '"j a r' 2\jJ\ L^'j» J o^ia~!t J. lf i5.j
"-r^ 1 p^ Jj • >^" u^V 11 ila; J l W^.&.J OLLaJI
. <<J J><a>JI Jp j>-\ »lpjl -tJjU^. j^ill 5jk_j 1 ;~* :
dominion dominion
Lyljii-I JiJl ^ SjLJIj «kUI Jp U&l Jjo-
. ^Uail -U- iJ^J W.UJI ^IjS/l J*. JI
CJIT JJI JjjJI Jp <j£ll JtwcJ ^1 Jij
J»IS" I— Aj I, — i *^xu Cj*_^Ij olk.^; Olj*j£_.
^J_^.jS3l i_^ j iljiu, iUljJl l^jii j «kUi
. iijoU Cjj jlk^JI J»Uit Js>,j JlkjJI
Commonwealth : J&\
donation donation i^Jl
•_j^»_^UI ^^p ">Ij s-jJI 4-^1 1 »lj!l 4^ai<_ U IS' i-AI
DRAMATICS
^-•IjJI j^. ji V-'lTjij .Sji- ji lit' L*. St. J
*JLi L*. <— >_>»_jLI jjS^jj ^vit.U iJbkl li JLII l&l.
grant i'lpl : Jii
double descent double descendance
k_-Jl ^jij« tj-i'ill £jij»
. 4^lj ^__J ^ ^lo^l ^Ul Jp j^-Sfl IxlT
doubt cloute Cillli
oayj j (J-^'j olj >l ^jv (i**il 1$*-* -^^ i—*i ilt>-
_}l l ^jAjJl (j i_jt— 1. Oljt.1 Jj>-jJ liJJij t j>-V (J*-
^X>JI ^_jy jJaJI JJjJ ^Jii ' t*t?* Oljt.1 ^j>"J »-Uj
(( (jr\iJl )l kiUI JjUj j . LUJI sUU. \p oj^xp (_1, 1
t&j liii ^i 4,^ V (^jji j lip VI cjl doubtless
. (_iUiJl ^uliaj b_j>«^i. UIp j*Xi
ana. uncertainty
dowry dot
iJt,
j-ljj!l i-«Ux ^^^nJJ 4«i-lj ^jjxil JJIj fji aL>
oU^>J.I .IkJI li» J_>-;j .l4«-U) (^11 OlSCbJ.1 j!
. <uSvLJJ »Uij l»- ■X>-y_j ij£i—* jj\ y 0_jXi" ,JI
drama, ritual drame rituel £L_MaJI UljoJl
(^J^j JJLC L>-j]jjj^VI J r^^ Ij,- -Uai
Otj-^_ll 5L.V.I IjJ /1. i_iL!l Ulj-lll CJlT Oij
jl Ct..l» IpIjV J^" Ji ,j»j . t)UjJI J jtill y» US'
iAVl iju i'l^r-ail l-t» OjS^. ■*».» . (_U* <_»OA j>« UjJ
. 4-iliJI t5'5t : i' cSi j' *™" J>va» iju _jl _/-—!!_>
dramatics art theatral Jr^ 1 J*
STjsJL ^^J-l Jp play v-^-ll J^i. o^ 1 f Li
DREAMING
■ i «- "»" £*La)l oLLiol j< f^ _^»j pantomime
i. oU&l L*U; M Jjl lj^ci\ oljLiVlj <S>Jl J*
. i£jj&\ jUjMI Jl «-jiJ
« JL_«LI ~/ ii : ' ^~id\ J_Jb-Jl J Jlij
W, Jj-^i ^ ii^kll ^l dramatization
jyjdl jl JL>«JI i_^>-Ua) i j^JI ijiljLl j»-I JL>JI Oj^i.
dreaming reve
^1
J^jj jj-k o-^l — p /y^ <wfc^^jj*rf? a* *jUI aljj U
Ju* jL-j^li jt; #^UMi c-.si j_»j . Jk< »Ui; "ij
jUcpI US' ^jLi ^IjjM ll»-j jUij'JLI L>- L— J j»j *jjili
. Oli-j^* > aJ Uj J,.d : ,, A li VjlJI l| " jt ; i^ j jl
i jjoiyll 5UJL, iijjil »!5^»-MI iLo -b j_> jftl J»j
ilj^ll oLpjIIj OlpjJli .Ujl^l Otis' J VU-ij
J .jJI .Ui jj,Jill J* Jl^J jj^i^il I,, j-y, ^lj
jf-j manifest content j*lt oy**» *UJJj
LjSwxj jjil ^li^iMlj ijljsjlj jj^aJI J. 4J Jj; l<
«iljOjl ii;i~ »«.|jj Jitf. l^-jf _^>; JL» jSOj tiUJI
jj«.<all j* filjjJI o-i» f>*^J • (J»JI *ljj i^lSsil
Ji^ -j* ^JJi ^-*»«ij latent content _yl£Jl
U ^ M ijU»Jlj *US(lj ^UiSlI ji g;i jj^jll
, _J»jll Jijk; 4«1J jyij U j^J J; t j»Uiil J 4JI jjij
dress habillement ^jjill iȣis)l ttiijil
jj^oj LS U«; iji-l Jljj-'id j< iU»Jlj ijjl) iL-j
JU1I ^Ij^i-^U iL-jT fJ»^-i J»j . ~JU.l_£.i
^.y l _ r J%.\ Jl£ii j«3, .^Icil iM^I ji
<*l_v^ iisXii j* ( _ r i. u» jo; cjir ur
118
o^UaJ^l SjIj jj iijljijf j!I oU-jJI jliil ^jSOj i^ilj
JjC ^UJI J ^U!l oUi^l J^- iikiJLI oU^uJJ iju
. j-jIMI JlSLii J-s-jl j»^
drinking adonne a la boisson
<l££ll objjill JjlS
JJIjJI ^ !»> ji .lil ^J. Jp ^^Ua-^VI JO;
4ii \) o-lf jl J> i^w. ^S- ji ,jila«!l J» tljJj^
J lJsI^NIj ^«jJI '-' J r' ii* OUjMI ii\t- ii JUai
. drinking-shop iUJi J<^ jlk «iDi J^j lijU;
cf. addiction
drive impulsion 4J.j^ $^
^ tjiJJ) t^j^i*il jSI^JI <y J-Uaj ^11 4*jJI
,j-Li« 4Jli Cijll J ^*j j^i" Ojj ^yl*- J-"" fUill
drugs, narcotic drogues narcotiques
Sj-tnll iljLI
iSj^^ ij^C—A )\ »U- SjU JS" ^j* SjOiJil oilll
J C^JJx^»l lil V*- 5, t>* i<^— • >l» V-* y'j^ ti*'
i)U- Jl (^jjj jl li^s-jll ijPUvaJlj 4_ia)l ^Ij'-'VI ji
\~~Ji>) L«.- >■ «-^»J.lj J^iJlj ^<aj 1^ t jU^MI jl .JjiCjl
jji^lj ^i_i^Jl ji J* 5^ ^Ijji J^ oljO^lj
. lull J I'-jr^-' L>^~ -'' OljJiJll ^STl jl^Uxj 4jUxi<j
Olpl^aJI ^y >_JL~i=»jJU 5jIp OljJ^jJil jj^jil JjUj j
. 4 ; ,,,«'.ll lJ»jU«1Ij
L> L.X. j^ill J«f. oljo^i! j^l ^lai^.\lj
Jij . _jJi.ll Jjti i lil ^.^Ij J-^kJb joi vl->o
OljJiJ.1 ^ oOjOj- »-l_jjl SjO^'id OljJI J Oj^li
iJUJI Jp SjIJLI Jljllj uKJjjilj tlj^jlll .A^^'
JLij^wJIj Jlij,_'. .. II Lti ( i—jLlI ^ISp ) 5*«jJI
. ^J ^IjOjji jj^-Tlllj 1 Jy^jZUj t JijjJJIj
OljJiJil <tf-U*a ^ iXJ-i ilij JrJljill ^-i^yiJj
. UUx^l jlyVl »*L»I »-LaJ Li l^jL^jj IjJW j
119
^jOm s-LiM ijj> \ijfr *y>*M OlU>l JJLjj
. i_lj)l If-'UtjiC^ \'jai Jly-' JSUo l^lil
addiction : ]a,\
ijlXj-MI 7-IjjMI ^j^*
lib «jjl jp i»j-LJI 5j
LiJI
drunkenness ivresse
j&i
J, J'
iJj^JI Olj^l jjill L^i lS ^ H JJI «]UJI
i?lj*J ^1*JI j3s-JI ^J^Jt^ij . wjIj^I aJiij i>-jjJ
J* V"^- ^5^ •Si"*' J**"* J ./***" '^-^ J t_jjli!l
jSLJt SjLp iJlJ-JI oU-UJ^I u*" lS-^ j ■"■*■■" j
^___j ceremonial drunkenness — — l^LI O^U>- »UJI
Jii ^»- 0">Ui-l sJLa »LII iJj*«>JI Obj_ r iil JjLj"
. ^Ll lit j^ yj »»i«.l <ul I Jiii.
dualism dualisme 4}^"
jl r-jjllj iililT jjjl-i^ >yry. (JL-i >—-»-*-« JJ"
<^i ethical dualism i!»Su^l o'lil : Jlij
fjj&-j j^jh J>W-I jjjUi 4»UJLI *U<apl fyo*-
j_^li] <^j>-Ml OIpLJM «Uipl «<• 4»UJLI ^«ij Olj"^
durability of labour durability de la vie active
iyjjj ilUJl SIjJI ^>*
JjP Ja~<^ jr-L-l jip JJpxj
SJb. J}U J-jJI J j 1
. j,ur i^JUii, j!i oi>Ji
duty devoir
SL_^JI
J"'.? a*
i»U
U.U
aly3.-ja.iT
la
Ui
ij^l* j^lli JjjJI jjiliJIj J^IJil jjJlSJI
. J^U^MIj i»»i)l ^«i;
monism, pluralism : Jil
duel duel
£ljjl cijjuil
^jo j^Jkl iJji*v *Jilj ^jii' o^^-J (^JUlj l*Ju* c—J^i l^*^'
r-jjil OL>-lj : Jli -j
_,! ^il^Ji i^-j legal
Uj^ij moral duties
oCsr-ljllj ci^NI 5'
jl-ljLI ^-Ij Jp JjJj
dwelling habitation
:, J>^ ^' J 1 V
^^ alley dwelling
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dumping dumping
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education for social work formation des
travailieurs sociaux j^Ua^l jjl^^l ilail
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school social work
educational psychology
psychologie de leducation isjT.pl u *£i\ J*
psychology, educational : J^\
educational sociology
sociologie de I'education Uy.'^ f^r^ (J*
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group effectiveness JUII iilli- il*-^ : JL«J
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EFFICIENCY
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128
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administrative efficiency oilSVI
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efficiency bonus r&y\iilj^- SlilSC olid I ~j:*
effort effort j^sjl
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egalitarianism egalitarisme Sljllil v_J»ju
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super-ego '^jjii^i ^Lill j\ JpM UMj
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egocentrism egocentrisme oljJI iujS"Ji
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. Ojk; i^>-j ^ Ml j^i Mj ojlkj:
egoism egoisme
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ekistics ekistique jl^il Jf
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equality : Jil
ego le moi oljJI tU^I
elan vital elan vital
iljftti 4&0I
129
elasticity elasticity ijjll
ay, 3}U!I Jp ioUxi^l v-LJl ^ U&l Jo;
j«cli «Ji J-a (^jli tsoli Jp Jx j*~i\ Xjji
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election election kjlj^l
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Jt yj; j!l ^bkil J^ljJI J vl^j psephology
referendum J^^ 1 »l^-)/l : Jiil
elective affinity affinite elective ij^JsJl iLail
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elite elite OuiSl i»)a!l d* '«jiill
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EMANATION
130
J^LA' C-Jyl J^""' 4-L* ifi~ai\ a-i* J;j£j JiC _;
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\J ^k-_ ^!l ol^iJ.1 Ai>;j power elite L*C.
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emanation emanation
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i-lalj ( ^u» emancipation of minor child
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■ decrees and regulations
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. mentalism
emigration emigration
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131
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LjikL. ^ Ia^Ij £>»>-j JSLi rjj^ 5J * Sll^il
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cf. migration, international
eminent domain domaine eminent
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EMPIRE
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Ijjj i_.«li US' jLJNI. oNUil A»^>>il lS-ijj
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emotional j lai-JI r^Jlj stability or balance
<JI >__j L JT jUI Jp .jll SjOi (^i maturity
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i-«_Ja)l 4^j *» ..juSol \p J^iil J?»p lit LI
jStil ji emotional disturbance or instability
emotional maladjustment ^Jlii'VI j'^NI
empathy empathie JlJsrjH jA**!!
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identification ji-J-JI : ^lil
empire empire *JjjkljJ»)|l
ij^Jil iij-*JI SjIp »X»ij .jj«il i.jh'.ll i>wJI_j iv»UJI
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EMPIRICAL METHOD
132
t i— «l — llj <L>y-Jlj ioUsisi^/l ^-\jS\j J)u£j If* i^UJj
t i jfjll ijJiil _£> jp Ji i«bll iljjdJ J^UJI jTjllj
JjjJJ -ii^Ui JjOJI o-U ijUaiMI JoJI jy«j US'
empirical method methode empirique
employee welfare fund caisse d'aide sociale
aux travailleurs j!l*UU ifUar)|l i^jl 1 jjji^
^U"i i* i uv 4 PM ^a^w> *Jj dUtlil <u»*£j »Ui jA
employer employeur
Jiill v?-ui>
*_J i*3l kJkltll
empiricism
empiricism empirisme
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V Jji JT jij l»0>-j ^-IjsJI <jJU" l« J* f>" g? 1
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Ls^Lil jjj_<. j^i ^jjl rationalism J-&«!l k-i-ill
employability employabilite
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Jjiil jlSlil SjLjJI eJUk JUi" LT t J**U 1>5UI
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employers' associations
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representation des travailleurs J^? 1 *!' J^>J
co-management, representation ; Ja\
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lJjxJ.1 Jp i.jl>JI Js^JJ j>Tj oIpIuaU jUjI ojIp
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employment emploi jJjjill <.4fc««ll
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133
ENERGY
employment, full plein emploi iUl£)l iiu*)l
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IJuUil Sjill iU»- j* iSll.1 j J j£ ojIp jJ»o I-jw IjJli
employment forecasting
prevision de I emploi
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. law o_yU)l : jliil
enculturation enculturation ilaUilt iii£3l
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enculturation OUa»»l iiliil L»-^j^MI
socialization OUa»»l f-lpr-M 1 »l— ^ J»« : -i tri
endogamy endogamie If^ - '"*" r'ij"
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ETHICS, PROFESSIONAL
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ethics, professional morale professionnelle
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EXCHANGE, SOCIAL
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exodus exode iltU^Jl «j»v$Jl i rxi»'
l ^-Lil_ r .Nl Sj^A iJ^.jUl i~»UI J* id^JI eif- -Wai
j«-i » Jp jlJaJ US' i (jvk-Ji JI j^a* ja ^y " ^
. »jJj»!I -if«ll jU-l JU jAj i rj>»J'
migration »jW : ^
EXPECTATION
immigration ilfj&JI S^kAl
exogamy exogamie "^jlkll ^Ijjll
3}Ul _,i U-ill ji s^Sll jUa; ^U ^ ijill ^ijj
J>-Ij!I r-ljjllj ,/rjWI rljjl <LiH ,j-* J J^-; -*»J
endoga f *ilill Jlk J^-lS jljiMl jy>^» .cjjl) j-* J
•exogamy^j^l »j^p JI t j^ i ^y^ j* jSJjmy
exorcism exorcisme
I,: I Jiau ^Jl OjJjJJI J-ljjNI iU(l 4jL*
Ji> jp kiUij »! ji jij^JI oTji- J 0~-Jj J>ll;
. jljllj i_,Ulj r *ijji
expansionism expansionnisme
i*-.jdl
. iJL>JI oijA»-
expatriation expatriation jX^ 1
oliMI ji ijuJI ^->— ^^-^.j j^MI oUlj>-l a»-l
ijbNl ikUl CJ lil ^ij j^UI j jljiSlI If. xui J\
. ^">Uj j*>UI j<l j-V.'^I
i--^ ^^Jl t ljr)fl loi jpj; J)l ^(l-Sl ^j
iiiij JjJ tjjl jj-lj (5>-l l _A ~T (J i"J*«il '*~^'
Olli^JI J C_(j^aJI t ^»-l -1^ tj^'j^ ■!"• **<»i»
v_J» iijU^. jl iLjJI ic_jf. ibVI . ^>-l oL tjjf
. (^UjIfUi;
expectation expectation, prevision
^pUi-MI Vj3l JUJ k»IjJ»- jl— (Nl i iju U
jUi \,j ^sJlI »U'I ^i social expectation
ilijD <uai: lSJJIj ^>ljpSl <Jk; ^J!l i^jjill iljLJb
expectation of life or life sl^Jl ^ijj^: Jlij
Mji jji sl>JI oiji- Ja-ji. <^i expectancy
. ^jill ^..f..! * .! jl
EXPENDITURE, PUBLIC
expenditure, public depenses publiques
<JaJu" t^UI i^j^JI jUil Jl OUaWI lift jj^
national expenditure ^_.Jiji jil'NI ui
. lUu ji uu jir ^ ^^jj j j&i ju;Mi ji jjij
experience experience A&&
i^.j^' £r^ i>* *J=r t/J • u "-" a* J**^ J 1 ^-V^ 1
experi- Jj^WjI experimentation <_jj~ : JLLj
ilia-^. lpa^">l.j _^Ti ji s^m Ji> jL^-iment
^j ^f- t_JLi£!lS' tju i>^li JI LoyD ij^x^j iijj
. <U-Jl>eJ jl
_>*j experimental method ^.y*^ ^_-»Hlj
4*^« JI J-aJ iikiiil <Sj\jJci.\ ^Li J •Jkj*^ ,_jjll
."" j»ljji!l jju iw'Uil Oli^UI jp tiiSj Jll uyi^ai
expert expert jlkll
(j v'j "jy~J *~* ^*jU« (Jp L^UJI jj«JI y>
expert *j ^IJI «-l-ijl •o i Uu d-»- t ^w fyiy
. (jjlii-l <uljj advice or opinion
committee of experts <\^\ j* i!>S j^jJij
146
LJI J^>jJ (J I J5U>x3I 7wu' _^_ixll JjJjj jftljJail ^y
i.U CJIS" *l_ r . ^1 Ue- jljJil j! t >S/I J| yjll ^
jy—AJ JS" u ~ij i *t~J>yj j^-Ju JU*J* J>* I4^ajli jl
ana. explanation . %ix:
exploitation exploitation
Jtte^ll
J">U^/I J» (3-Tjlil fj+iJJ La-t»j c^_UI Oljj^l
4-^jUil «U-JiJI .rf>*>UxI*-lj >KhI>Jj j^ S^^- 9 ^r^ .*^*
j»-l lib iiJall olft jljil J-»iJ lS' ii^Uil iaJaJI J*
(jXlilil uj; y-jLiil JjUJI »Op O^Uil J J">U^^lj
ii_ali 4 i; i)U- ilrJjW -A>-l J">U^I 4>^J jjiJI J
. jjJkll Js>JI OUIjJI ^1*1 ji tfji\ Jlkjl J^_
exploitation, direct regie
u^*r!
iUI olUJI ,1 il,aJI
» yu a \-/i'aC m \]aj
expiation expiation jyi^l
ji£ Jj tjLjMI jJp <uiVI (_Sjiil \~0JC hy\f-
Jp »jJill Jp jljiMI ^^ jyi XJljull oU^jJ.1 ^
J^-X jjij—j t < jJd.1 jjp LS^^iSol «ljJL-l «Jj^ ^LjJI
.«(jJ^lj (j*j«^' a 1 M^ jy*^-^ cr^ > --:'*H i^*ifl Sjill
explication explication
_^JtJl
J ijijll J^ljJI JjJ^j jl klj-UI )«Jai-o "Uj^k jpj
^*J^ CHJ V^ -^>* (^' Ol»!>Ulj i-jjJllI 5j»UaJI
l^itj* l*jwJ j *Jkjo~jj Ulj<l ^jjj; Uj^i Jiljil
»15^>-M lit kiUij Ia^Uk Iao^-j J^jo'j iUUj-j
VS/j ioU v»i j* jiljll S JU, a iUij ..Uil jjjli!'
ojU- JiljLI sift r\4 ^r-lij 'f^ji Jt ^/ i llill J
(^A^ 1-o-P ^^aJI <~£j>*2j »UJI tOUaIJ y\>- A^ <ai>J U
exploratory study recherche d 'exploration;
sondage ^rttfa^l iiljjjl
a»-l j^x; Jl ijp'jlk^^l oUlj^Jl iJU (Jjj,:
LjZj3-«_J l-L^/ iij^ 4pL^ ^>«JI ii>J^ 4pL^ — \
l#pUi>-l jSCj:_ J]l ,>j>i)l |,*i Jp ^>>Ji - r
147 EXTENSION SERVICES
W^ j! l»^w» J> c -^ !l ^^ JJ-*N ts-JWI ^^J ■ <Jl~*l olj/t J^> W^ 1 JlSCiSlI
^j^ J expropriation expropriation
: V^ (-S^- 1 <-J>ilkj i^tAl^Vl oUj.d! jjSL ai_, £$( ^ - ^ ^£Jli ojj
. u-cj iiJb i-ijj jju_u j v^-ijj j J, ^ x jj ( ^^i ^ i^Uwi ,>.>; ^ i.uji
l»jj_a^;j d^JI J i.JbuJ.1 _j>Ull ^y - Y • JJ^ 1 J- 1 oW,^ j\ UUd.1 .U-VI iiljl kUJJ
. U^lj Ua^; i.^1 i > j L-a ii ^ i^i oli^l oi* «._^ Jpj
li j_>£j 1^1 « *. Olt^ijll ,,_ .;; - y . i^lc^-l ii^j i^W .^-j"
*>Li: — • C_»*JI <j l j_ Jl
ana. eminent domain
li^JUI^M iJU«iloLjl^.VI j*- oUL «^>- - i expulsion expulsion jjijl tJl**i|l
jjju^vi i»ij, j!i jruii ijii j* j_^i - o
extended family famille etendue aoiil sJJ&l
i^&\ 1.1^1 .ijii x* ^mi o^ui j^j u& ^ j!j ^' J c^ 1 <y ^ <#" 5 -^' </
^ f >w ^iiijj -u.^ ^jji £>jii i.j. ^ jj^ji <J ^ (^j t*^-' r- a-jj^i ^ur jU*ji
exposition exposition JL£| t .-jji - , extension services services d'initiation
explication JLlJl t r^" • ^'
^•^' ~ T Ji^j jljiSfl Jp juUJ Uiu 1^ ^Lij^fl ^^i^j
d,x_^l vi ^i^- Jjj\ jf jp ^i ^ ^ _ ^^^ j, Jjtj ^ if ^-uu- J.UJ ^jL,
- ■ t.J/ t^aJI JUJI ^U Jp 5jU jLij^l ~4,j
^JiMl ^jJI JJ^, i>>JI iiiil JJUjII jL^I -"",.,.,- « •, .mi - i". i ii
pr. l^'jj ^^jJj v**-^ 1 Jj~-jij *^-_ l^ 1- ^ ^^j! *^1
i_^ joi jjLtJb ^j- iSy.J ^^J^J ^ p, ^J J r l^" -^^
fair ^j^ j^ : ^i Ij^^ ^^i ou^ul - ^.^ ^tijlj
expressionism expressionnisme *ijs*3' ^Lij^l j* fl>VI «-1a JT jl; J^i ^ Jl>j
jUl! Uiljll 5UJI jp j^o ^aJI jjl JlSLii jb-i • t/lV^ ^LijVl; O^"
Jj^- VI v^j iUJl oii J5L.J ^i i^j\^i\ .LiSfl ui educational i~jll wkdl oUoiJl Jii j
. i*U\ 5.LJI U OjSj ji ^. ^l JU1I ol, ^j; j\ oU _^, ^ ^ ^^^ extension
X*i" (J)' 4ij-bJI jjiiil Jp iv»l»- ii^l; jlkij JP ^jvJsljll J-. JJP jjS"I Jl , l:.,.:.l U iwl*- J i...X«,'JI
jl ^Ul J JjOJj j^ } j-iUailj i ts>» v> ul ...^11 iUIJ.L J^ljoilj UJil ^-jjaJI J;>
EXTERNAL SYSTEM
external system systeme externe
i»\i\ 3 citljjlj UL^I ^uS/ J.UJI j_JI
. i*U>JJ ^>-jUJl iiJI _pj <tHi ^uli ^\^1\ J«.lill
,J~JI jl ,_y»j*»lj >tI1 » ./t1I IJL» jJl>_y» rj_j>- A*-^ ^j
is-tJ T \ it, i&il J»- Je- (£jkj SU »Ji (jvjUJI
*d>o -Uaij .1,- ik^ll iiJI J l»jl _«i»1 ijLTj
(j>-uij ^jUi j_ji ^ jr jj-.j jjLi. jjl-
148
externalization externalisation 1 L,-| i t .ut^l
. olill
externalism «jly>iyi _,! iJl^jUJI Jlij
. vrjWI ytiiU- jkJl j J,l/^l J\
extinction extinction Jljjji t ^l^aV
j^liil J JU, j . <T">U, -ul%- ji .^jiil J^U^il
extinctidn of obligation « pljJVI J-ljj »
extradition extradition Jrfj^ 1 ,AC , j
jl »^Ill j»J_J l»^ j< JjjJI (^J»-l *_iiu' jl y>
j-id jl *i»TUJi fugitive offender jUll » ^kLI
Jlj»-Sll
M jl '^^11 iJjjll ^ Jij
»Uil,
^il ^Iji-l f-ljii J*- SjU OlOftUll o-L» ^ya^j
5_jJijll_j *_,, < V.HS' l^i CijSI .Jl iJjjdl Jl L»j»jU< «JLj
i_.LJI ^IjJLI ^JUJI j J^o; X, ...jjl «LJI y.jjJj
extralegality extralegalite OjiUll j» rj^ 1
. 41k; J J>jo M jl J_,iUll 4^ ^ya^ V L. JT
«— Jj^JI TTjb" (*"^*" A^ ^JK~1 ^ 4— 'L— il Jj
*-* J iUi-i extra-legal party ^Ji
• J?"^" V-T^' J" * j' J^-** LS^'-^ U*"^ (J* '- l« " H
^j^ extrapolation extrapolation i^l Jlk jjl^J
extraterritoriality exterritorialite
<^aJ ^.-L^«ll (^-.L-JI Cfli»-ii rCt Jil iiLvi>JI
Jj^-til ^lL*^-J 4«*iUiLjUl . a *l fl * frlj J i*J^-l i«a>^-
. \fj ~jj Ji\ i">UI Jy\ji iMj j. iJUaaJI si,.
extroversion extroversion j— J£ll J»CJ)|I
^bkii j, vr-jWI .Lt^l Jl j^iil .^1 ,Ufi
Jxbi^j . 5UJI oji- iS'jUJ. -Jljdl "toi^j .L»^j *S\ij jl
■dilij . «; JojmII Ja-.j!l J UL" U-UjuI ?v-Ujj ^^-ULi
. introversion .ijk^l
Fabian socialism socialisme fabien
IjU^I J CJj£j ^!l oUll i^i-l ^»oil li» Ujl
(JUjjil 05U1I ~,l \f i-*^i-l o-U ~-l (_r~*' -*»j
d* 1 fJ* li" "~" l c— ! jr- 1 ' tS-^' Fabius Cunctator
,y ^O; ^^Jl VJ UNI Ji> JP i.jULl jli Jlk;l
iTl^NI Jl Jli^l j! V.b Jj .lijtJj^il ij^'^^j
^jli^NI Jijl» ,j«i . iJUjJI 4-klyy_-dl jj^k jp X.
J iijUJ jl iTIjCiNI oLJidlj v 1 ^ 1 f^- 1
Ob-"5l^»Nlj OUjjiJl f-JXJ jlj .5-i;lji« 5j_ ) ~aj »£»JI
Jj gpLiiNI JSLil J ^^lUI jjjdl Jl g^j; ^1
jU^i .cp »u ijll^JI iisly_y:a)l J jIcpMI IJl»
SbS/l JJjJiil ^ Jll i-TjUl i jkJI ^ J.,NI jh.1*
jl «Jli)l i>>— Ilj . .*»S>*1I J 4JJ2JI *JLall »0ki Jjl
. V-I^NI OU-5UNI ^rij; J;> JP
fable fable ^jid.1 ob 4lJ*JI
JjSv U UU-j t j">U-l <^y« Oli Sjwai is<a»
Facilitation fray age I ^ -It
^ alT If J^i jl >fNI J$Li L. .(^S Jv U»p
jvdl yulJ fljLj — jiJI ~)p <j A^«JLi .>.^di j
jl t *U»
&jt\yut jl iiL-
m^^* ji ^^*
J ^
^ji« L^«ijI j>*jjj c4-^?l>- -l^j^i jl ^jy 9 ^y^~j
iJ^jJI e^ill ^dt* jl \kj£ jl ij-'j* jl 4jUx^-MI 7-j-^J
. iUxi^.MI> jjil ^ry
social facilitation ^1^-NI J^_ Jl : J*,\
facility possibilite - installation accessoire
JM I. M . /J I 4UM1J
(Jp jpL_j jl L»j«j ^Uill ^— j jl *;Li ^ L. JT
^^jj (_£.iUa^*!/! jljJkl \i . ^^L US' «CUfli jl 4aj&tj
. 0">UU1I j^— J il^j Jjiil
. ijSUll 4. Jiu; jl j$j:_ tSJJI jJilL
social facilities £*lli-l
FACT
'act fait ij? fo\ ci) j,jj|
*■*> O* 'J^- 1/ social fact iCuUVI iiiljllj
ipt»-VI Jr Sfl j, r ! J yPl^-VI iljLi! joy ji
• OlpLi-l j, itU J J^JIj ^iJI ^iy ^ j|
phenomenon SJaILJIj fact iiiljll ^ ~^U, jj: j
Jo; tj l i-b^f iysllsJij i^j-^_^ ijljli ji ^U jp
^ u ^ ji £jW ^ i^l^VI ^UJJ yiJI Jp
■M 1 p^.j
/JlijJI *Lo£j«l jl J-ix^j SjIp
i» -V. 1 " J ^j 1 ' t> -Uiu LT fact-finding
*jiid' ~a^-Ju t.
-V!
: J\,
■ factual judgement
factual refutation
faction faction iJ'Uil t wiJl - ^
.jp jiajvij iiiiij i._^ji ji jjli ji ^ruii
. JpULI
Sjjiil 4PL»*Jl - Y
jj, conflict group pjjji olplli- pl^i jb-i
. iijLl ii^all; jbf US' t Ll**J jl by Vj5L-Lr JyC
^JJJJj iL- UUf'l LJIp i^ jb-lj i_>-u» J UjlyiiJj^j
«Ul obf'V factionalism ~^y>ci\ ,-Jjll Jii
. «r^ii jsi^Siijp i^ jr jlcj, ^iy, ji _& jji
party, sect : yil
factor facteur
J*™
jl v^JJ > r Jl^l m-^ ^^ ^_J Ju.LJl
:j^' t5>" i_r^ lt^' '-V. _>*j
construct
rtS> J'O;
J*lj3l Oli-W J,U!I j_UJ| ^ c^UI «JI J^_
. >»I_JaII ^0,-L, iiUll Ol^Jdl j. jap ^
150
factor analysis analyse des facteurs
J-Uli jX^Ii
Jp C^UI V- JyC: iJU-w-l 4i> J.UI J-UJI
:sjp Jl SyblliJI alL' f-U-jl J^ai sJLb.il 5y»UiJI ^Ijjs
LjbT J^ljJI ^i j, ^ JII ^-Jl J,ljJI ^ JJi
. 5y»Ui)l oJj» vjjljb-l J
<_A-waJlj t_jjjjlj ~_ iil tlj»-l; J>UI JU>JI Jo j
. 4Jow oy&Qi J ilUiil Oljljilj i£jiaJI i_ii£»i
ijw-idl Jjl-l^LI Jp 4i_L>; j^j:. V i) JaL'jVI o>UU.
. JjLJjVI o>UU. jUI JJ i_»^ jjli
i'jL r J.UI J-UJI iijL iUadl oLyiJI j^j
5y»Ui JT jl ,^yj theory of two factors JL&\
>»lyiil JT J iJ/jj .Lp J.Ip l>»jb-l ^U, jh
J.l_^l i'jLj i( _5y-l Jl Sy,Ui ^ j»ktf ^ y-Vlj
J ^--J i/'j^'j multiple - factor analysis sSIuil
J-Ullj fU!l J.UII ^_JU: 5y,Ui JT J y 'j; i-i'li, J.ly
analysis of variance ^'Gl jXJ : yi:l
factor comparison method methode
de comparaison des facteurs J^ljiil !jj\a» Uijf
OLy~« j^j tsljjilj iiliiJ.1 »LiVI Ja« Jic JaJltj
j_^J.I ) iikiJJ ~iJI _,«»IJp Jp i— -I— aH ob'Ui_JI j^
( J-jJI 1-Jjjli 1. (J-Ul jj4>J.l tiJy-ll cSjljil tji«!l
viJJi Jjj .iLtjJI i>Sl UJ I,-. JT ^ U ^_—
arki j~LjJl, ^^p jsj i-jJL, obU_j; ^y
IJj» ja rjA Jll iiJijJIj .(^JiJI £_j.>JI *«%» t/ 1
IJuj i— Li! I JibUijil ,y -Lw_j jl Uj»-I JJju J,..X..:II
factors, group facteurs specifiques
4i;^il J?l>!l
151
** 4J ilJJZ »U- .UIp' Jl «Uip 4~Up il JJ^J uls^J
: j» s _ r Jd\ At- j iiSUail J»lj«!l p»lj
"Jiiill J^UII
number factor Iff^ J? 1 *"-'
spatial factor
verbal factor
mechanical factor
cf. factor analysis ^UiJl jl&Jil : Jail
factory fab ri que £^'
factory hands JU«1I J^'j oY^.lo^l dJij
*^2^\ »Uii jJa; « >»-i J.Li. or workers
.'../ill !^.Jj^_j jjJJI JUjJI J-U SjIjJ ^iij
factory >J_kll jJlJI J^ jp |»+i»* Joj^i -lai;
.regulations
V-l^i-NI olilxiJI ^ JU«1I <^> ^ US'
iJudl jl i*-\)\ JJL-jS' factory welfare service
factory laws lois de I'hygiene et de
la securite industrielle **tL^' 4*t«fl)l jJljJ
i t^ll (j«ly«lj J-*^ ol>L»l j^ «-;^jj JLjJI i»xw»
J-JI Jsjjii jli> UJlkTl i-j-ljil ij_ri!l Jjto US'
o^*^' J SL -"-« ■ ■ • ^ 5'UiJ j ijtjj Aj jr'j •j'j'- u"
JJU, JiJ, 5>iVlj OljUllj i^oNlj ijlSfl l y
... jjl ^Ul £ ->Uj J»U-NI
factory system systeme du travail dans
les fabriques «u^ail alki
FAIR LABOUR STANDARDS
c^>J jjUii- JU*!I j^»i oLi^:. t£J3l ^IkJI
Vj^kf. Jil «;Uail J J-JI ul^l ilijj ^J'^J
SO*-/" Jjdl >- »~^ll >h ^J J-* 11 (C-^J
• J-
Ji>- t£ij r-l^ 1 "kJ (J^ f"^' ^ ■^ L -" -**->
. iXJit- ioUaalj i^t»-l JS'U-i Cijil ,__,-* J
industrialism : Jil
faculty faculte j£Kl - \
UUI -Uau" ijljj jl Sjj»- J 1 <ijSsi jl i^ »j»
^y ^J^J L-M Jp 3SU1I Jl ^ Ifi >-; JlTj
jp »jjl (j-JJI 'L'Jp J- 1 * -A»j ciiiJI ysljliJI «j»>-
. Jij\ IJi»
USil- T
^j-Cj o_^ji; oU.li-1 l5-^! J •JjL*'^ <^*
OljU-l j^c' ji Uj iihiAl f>Jlj ^>jUUJ V-Sji 1 fUi^l
fad caprice
ai
j, U> j\ ^-j^LI ji iJ>JI J ft*NI li* ji v-JI
ji.Lll J *Pj-JJ i*^ *4v* »JLiJI Ji^'j -j»'j^'
. ojwjJ 5aL j^l-J L^ij SjU^U IjJ-a4 ^u; ^11
V-'l; fashion ( i^jll ) ^Sjil y- ^^1 Jt^'j
iJlitil jbj; US' iljp jl bj-ii jK"' jj^' iJ"^ ^S^
collective behaviour, fashion : Jil
fair labour standards niveaux equitables
du travail tis\i&\ Jiill OlijsL*
Jll J*JI oUj^" 5a»d.l ol/Vjll J ^^ -U»i
FAIRS
j-fJii JjS/I jlJIj i^ljll oljj, J^il OIpL, jo^;
. »LJIj d-lo^NI Jjii - Jijj
fair-day work J.j& J^. ^ : jii_,
Ja-JI J.UII -u (.>_ ^ijl pjl ^1 j! J^ Jc ij^jjj
4j>*^ jjc b_» \j\ i^f. iiji jl jjj iUlj »jl^ *J}y)
fairs foires jtfjjji j£&i
jl£. J ^Ul »_ik, ^ yfji .U; ^U.
• ^^-^ ^j.) JJi-j ^^ V. <>^' -*»j iile-"* ^jj
»li ijjjji -ji^Sli j! y> i**-Ni ji vj^ 1 «; jWI
. iLi-l ijUi i^U Ijua .oil l^li JI^NI
faith foi d fey
J&L ^ (J^J u^ 1 J* <?J» (j Ji N £-lj Jli^l
. JJLuJI 2^>J1 Jt .u-ju If jS'i ^^ill
faith cure or healing oC)fL r-Sui .oiu-jj
faithlessness manque de foi Oliftl »0f.
£^k*NI IJ^. j^iij . ill i^j jl£lj jUJNI
. Jj4*JI klijj *lijll ^Op gjl jjill ji iUJ' Wi'
fallacy paralogisme tfaJuil
jial\ J « iUU* )) iJT .Ai^u-j'j . &!>- ^ (,_,
y JU j£i JI ji cJkUl JN-U-Nl Ji Sjtiyj
familiarity familiarity yj^i
152
Uil ii)NL, -Uiij . J*a!L, »U!I jl .^jiil Jc <Jjd\ J
i*t*ci
«i£i
*»jj \Juu m^u Jp- jlji^l jU«.|
. 5jU ^j privileged familiarity
j^Soll U-LiJI /^* ~ b j^ ^rj^ /^■^■■■■■" iJLi i— jlx \£
sijllj joking relationship p-l^ll «»!>U : ^liil
• intimacy
family famille i^&\
Jc iiiUJI Jl ^Or" ^l JjNI i*^NI 5J>-jII ^
Jixll Vr^ji (^" OL^ill Jp- »ji"j J UNI f_jJI
. <ik>J.I oU»i>Jil Ujji" ,_^ll Jpl_jillj ,_^Jrl
L-L-i olT >UJiJ ^*JLI 5I> 5^-Sll fUi >j
«_cj liL>-li ix^j li^i V^iUaJ i_jik£ L5" . Ol^UjLl
jJLiiJI J JUJI yk L5" 5jji«ll jljil j<~»>- J—ij (_^>-
jU^ll L-»jNjij ^jjllj ^jjll J^ Lv'j i-ijWI
extended family »*jU^>j ^ uy»-jj^l ^' L^
L-»jNjij ^Sllj ^\ JUi jjU«i V j^ j~ju lV'j
JUJI ^» LT nuclear or conjugal family jlJwsJI
^l family of procreation i_jUNI 5_ / —l Jlij
Vr^JI S^r-ij . SjJIjII j\ Jiljll gi ^ ^l i^NI
I,-* UJ jJI 5j-.NI ,g\ family of orientation
. j>ll
matriarchal or maternal hy^ 5 _r"^' ^^
ilji iU»« JjJaJl cj: N Ifjj family
patriarchaf or i^Nl s^NI o^ >±JJar . *-N Nl
iU»> JuikSI ct N ii-p- paternal family
. J>-JI X ^ 'flaLJI «^iy l,Jj tjj NJ ilji
ikUl oti i^NI ^Ui; ^ J«Jl jljul i\J.\ Jjj^j
153
biarchal family
iitsil
V
h\ j ikui., ij_,jjii si^
family, joint famille en commun i^lll 5 .J&l
extended family uZl\ ;^i : ^i
family, primary famille primaire 4-^1 8^1
J ^'J eftrWI V-^ 1 -?j V-'>. J!l S^-MI j»
. i* jit
family, secondary famille secondaire
^jilill S^&l
J v ^2; ^jjl Jjli ^j lJ^ jj| ;^.S/I ^
• lS^ 1 ~°j^\ Jj> J (ji-w^l S^MI
family budget budget familial il^" 11 4© 1
budget, family, cost of living, : ^l
standard of living
family casework casework pour la famille
Sj-.Vl Jl_j»-I i^ljj Jl i^-MI ijii\ itJbi i-SO,-'
eH'j i/^lrt- 1 f 1 ^ Jf J v-L.^1 iJb-jll UjL^L
4-^Jj iitlSJI »*lj» J»lil Ujlyi ^u Jajljjll iji Jp
^1 .-jU^ail Jp tUaill j* !j^l»J iL.ai.ill •f-'ljJi
1 -^ >.? ii" J 5 '^ 1 J»*! 'jl^-Jj •f'.sU- ^jU;
• pr ^ J* 1~-
family council conseil familial '-lSliJI (J 4>«ll
j^tMl ^yili 4^ljJj 'IjjiJI ^^ J* ^1~>-Ij j^>W ijJt
. j*ff\jb\ jJUit iL>. cJOf. ijjjj-l
family desertion abandon de la famille:
de I'epouse et des enfants Slli^l J>«a
- 1 f^i
f^}\ *t Sj^jJI •— >L-I «ki (jv>-jjll
_-_j j^AI li* jj& aij .ittUll 4jL.ljJI jt (J>Jlj
ur-jjH- -*»-l j* J-*-*'. J^ 4A-* vri j' «j»UJI ._,-.
FAMILY SOCIAL WORK
family disorganisation
disorganisation familiale ^^ Sll jSuftl
tl—>tj t^Jill ijP^-MI Ol_ji~ll JuJ S-.^l l^Lt
li -U M ^Ij l^ijllij (J~i>«J ^J S^MI ^ru liDj <Jj^
family guidance consultation familiale
SjipUL i^l^-^l olid I ^^u 4; »_,«; ^ill JoliJI
. <Uxi'j y^W Jt L. juu It Jp t UJI J S^^l
jt liJ J I JS"lillj S^MI V^" ' *^-" *t-j
Cw-jj!l ijy. oWjldl is<»U-j S^-MI jljil ^ oli^Ull
«.}Lj<JI ijljwj L^-ljj Jp J-t«a (jtsUaJL. jOf' a» ^l
«~*L»I iUj!l »i* Jit j^jjj IjJj-U^j L^-l^ J«-
. Ji^ij ^ij ou-jjii
family planning planification de la famille
birth control jLDl JjuZ : Ja\
family size volume de la famille i^>i\ Jv-
. t>« Cij J jU-jjll |^i j;Jil JU1.MI
*^>- ^^j J~^' ^^^ <*i>*Al oU^>«il j^j
ijPl^-MI JiiiJI <j««~i J I iiii j lS^.j »LjJI iULJ S^MI
. it-oil lS^— * ^^'j
family social work travail social familial
i>-jj JI »,- dj^aJS Ujlyl OljOi ( _ J va»l J^iL«l »•
jjUl'lj JaJbll j. j»- J i~«llj i^UUlj jljiu-VI J,*
. tf-jLlilj i>«ilj
FAMILY WELFARE AGENCIES
family welfare agencies offices
d'aide sociale a la famille i^rl\ iU-j ol— iji
famine famine iakill .if-bJ.1
£>l ^ iJl~ <^ lij d_*o fUkli J&l ^aUI
j f-lijlj jlCll j< j^S" i_jUL- OjXi""Jlj»j »JIjJI
. ia^iil ^.......,.1 5l»j!l Jji*.
J\y=> y *u«J Uj rj^-l ^-j- 5 j-Lj] jU* -X^-jj Nj
JjJ!l J& -ui Jp shortage of food .liill
t jlx-JI y \jS IjUp J«-iJj SjvS' i»-l~« «ju itUxil jl
J- ~j ijil ol^-UHf iij* 3-U _r«i~ j fUkll ysju \^j
154
5-Jjjil T-Lol ^J-lf- tUjZ-U jl U^y-li— a jl l$SJl> jl
rjj Jl ^-Lo Li L. — jj jA^ 4-JlJ jjSj J* 4Pjjllj
f
LiMlj
illjV io'^ 1 JJV-j JI *UcJVI Ul»dl fjt-Jj
u,m
fanaticism fanatisme
t o-Uip jl IAj jl »j£i jl fjP^-i jldl J jl*
.i"t-Vlj <J^*!I (Jl lJJj; J»j ' 7v<UJ Ul£> f-Ju V C-^y
. chauvinism ^yjl»jN i__ii3l : Jail
fantasy fantaisie njL»Jl J&]l
(Ji>*j 4—^^*j «jU» JLjjIj>- ^ O^Licll -^ <JuJu-
i^lioll JjJI (jJb-i «ULI JUJI jjiuj . jyiil 5JJ
. jU^I jp if'UI
jjljll 11p J U i^j fLil jy ».Ja'..,.i V Uojj
. JL>- jt_J j. lip Jl i-jjf. *il»
daydream iha^l Ji- : Jail
farm ferme &jjll
jl SJb-lj i«i=> J ,jrf»jVI j* *»-L. « JP SjLp
Ip^-Lo ik-.ljj U.I&U SJb-jT jlju l^S3j ii*aii. «W
i_«^4 aj state farm JJjoJi ipjj* Jlij
^_j_^JI jI>jNI J iijjil iSH. jJp i«Jl» i«j»-<j V^ljj
. £lvNI JJL-jl
agriculture, plantation : Jai\
farm management direction
des exploitations agricoles *i jjll Jl»P*!ll Sjlil
J : : K " j i«lp ii^aj i^-jjLI JLpNI ajbl »ji'
Jp iiUaMI JLpNI 3jbL iUdl i-JJI Olii^ll
. ipjjLI JLpNI
iij>J.I ij^JLJI Opljill i_Sjil IJLft ij^>J »Oixi-Jj
. i^y-UiNI Lj-'LLp jJp o^k-Jlj <Pjjl>l «lij J
j^ Jj-^>JI j» ^•jj'-' JL»pNI Sjbl j^ ^J-Ulj
5X* ikij Uij 7-LjNI J* ^fs_ U ( _ r ^a»l (Jp <Pjjl>l
farmers' organizations
organisations des cultivateurs &jjll oUiiil
j jiZ SJu^p ■ " il i U~. « ^j>~v *j Jl A«J^«il j -.». " j
»J* ic jj OliU'.ll «-L» ,_^«;j i^l>- *^tj; \^* JS"
oIpL+Ij Vbj" Ol^dl J jU'NI oIpU>- Ji. .Ju Jl
Jlj . <ijS\ oIpUj^-j iw-xJl oU-LJ^Ij i jjJI iijPxJl
ijiy Jljj Mj Ojl jjil iCJJil OUti'.U 0-L» i ;U-
UUiil 3JuJb»- oUU'.« J^ry t-Jjjil JUaJ jj L^iJUij
uiJUij ^jj, L^. JTj ^1,^-Nlj ^UaNI jjkJI
OIpLJi-I Ji. i^>\>- lJsIjaI oli Lj-'l ji- (. i^L—.
iilx^allj 3j>-NI OlpU>-j «J»Jlj ^jj^I Jp ii^ill
o-U-L*. oLu>j l^^-/' jjUJl uLu>j o«J-rfiUj
>-j <*«ijJI Slyb (j^jjJI OLa*>-j 3jj»ll ^r- VI
. kilii j;Pj 4JPIP.-VI ilpjl
155
FASHION
: *j&-y Jp oUlvAl dJu&j
J^l jlJJj-l ^CJ Jp ^ ji odii : JjSlI £ji\
JUaj'M isx-i j^Jj j^; j*j physical proximity
tJCiIIj ol*-£jl (j-Cl Jp »Jii <J^ fj^ W
. special needs & interests C>WI
^a> J M SjjO^JlI V 1 ^ 1 *»-U.I ji J. ^pjl J*i
'UipNli i^Ja; >j m^; 1<J JaJJj" i>l*!l 7JU1II <jl Nl l_^-
. il^j-* *— *-U> <JJi>*J Ojfj^j j 5-^»-lj 4>J_^x* j^c'lio
J»IJI Js« ipl^»J) i^>UJI <_jIoaNI J»J Io£aj
. Jl&l
cf. agrarian reform, agricultural cooperation
farming cooperatives cooperatives agricoles
ii^.^11 JLpS|I ^^j ^Ijjll J^U^fl f>"
. ^ijjii i.jij i-jrsui jlpSii j. u^j j;^Jij
farmstead ferme U^slyj **jji'
l^JU *k-l^ SOj-jT j\x Ji\ ts.\j)\ ^jSl! i-L—
V M JJJ Jje^J JJ*-'j jjli^j jTL- j. I,. j^L Uj
jjl oljL-iJ ^l^j otlj^
farm «*jjW j&l
Fascism fascisme
HiUil
iljjjl jU*i ^j ii^^ailj ( _ s <a«JI **J*" t>* l*jUJlj 4_iUil
. ic-Ull Ujj J
. iilkll iljjjl SaL- Jp »_jij 4_<LJI i_iUil i^lajj
. i,U)l kilt .bl Jp l^jU. jljiSfl y^-ljj t 1,-Jp
Jp "^i" jl t_jf_ i_iUII ^ J iJlill i.j&>Jlj
^^UJJ LU1I ikUl jUsil Jl ^pj; U;>; iU&lj iJyL-il
. SjtJil ili£jl J* I j> iJsl^^jl iULL
ji jai ^Jj .uii jjj ^uaMi j»iiji y»Ui. jr
t l^i;i»ij J^-C N "4^" *ij^' '*»^»" ijSUil (J l^x^ijj
ij^lj^iMlj iiaJ.1 Jjj^ilt ^y>j\*v 15* cSj^-' °J^V j'
iJ-^Ml^ ^bJ^I Jp iJj-OI Jj^" ^Uil .IkJLl llkj
jlp^i ^. jp LJi^tMi iii jr f >-j jujij jlpSii
AP-L^ail tjylj* A-*>^~ Xjlj Ji?-*^Jj U itiUil OLijll (J
fashion mode ^jJl ii^^ll
j_^j li ^ J! I oluiJ.1 J jljSiJIj _/l_f!l Jl J^"
Jp J_j^a>J] l*jUipl ^^k— ; j!lj il5dl Jp Jjj" olj
-^ Ji^ (j^ ilj\Ji\ jp ^jly-^j 4)1^3.1 JsIjCpI
t-'ly-NI JJ J— — !l ilic d^j Jiiil Ijj>j . sy./iH
. ijpL^I J^AIj JljiSlljP
l^ Jl^j Jll ilixill J ciyi^ll jAl_>t iJJiC Mj
j;P ix-Jail Olj ybl_jli!l oJAj cijP^^I SlS'Uxil JP
j^ilJ (jUkll j-LiXNI JP IjjjJ Ifil-U J jjSi aJj^il
(j-Uil f-Ljl J iJlikll ^- _yt IJAj ciji^ji-l SU>JI J
FASTING
. 4-»jJI »b>JI J
t oUjULI JJ __" J, i_-£_l J* i*jLI j^i- Nj
^-Jj . . . £ll _illj ^_— iil j-ljiij jj>ll cJj »U> JSUjj
. I,., /b N iUJ _,i jU iiL*
V-., f J^ ily V~iV- Ojfcj v-j~-> i^jii ^iUj
. aljiNI l^ ^ij jjjl 5j»lt f__7 JbLj 5^ aU*i
fasting jeune f 1 -^ 1
£_>ni j*. j>ii _ji_, ^11 f u_ii <-_r ^^uit
dieting "Jllill ^il3i ^ UiJi ^ c-f.j
. »l_oll ^j 5jUi l»jL*L »U_II frljil u om __»_!
,j<a«/ «Jj»- u*J ^l— oil ijsi -la_JI »JU> i_jf_ US'
j^J JS"i ^ ,jjJJil £__>_" food taboos fUkll ^Ijji
^jiii ^l jl__i yuiJi j»ik. ^i ^ ^ujij
^JjScSlj sacrifice £»w_!lj sacrament
»i* J_ i.o_i jl^^i-L jo_> _^i consecration
fatalism fatalisme ^j"- 1 i£j#J\
e e c
— *->" ^ U-liU ij_\> jl Si^aiA _olj»JI jL JjilJl
j«i Nj! vIp jji oi jU^I 6jm U JS" jjj
fatalists c-aj-I la* J_«* J* jlkj .^.^
JjNl ji J determinism ;L_Jl o* ^jS- 1 --^j
Jij^^r" ^ oli (^ 'U«JI ijj&\ JJ .jJS JS" >j
-^Vj'j ^?" J?— " '-V -O" 5 V^' J' u?" J ' <i>»^ j'
. UjUf iLl
determinism : ^i
fate destin jj_i , ' ^( i
c-J_l »lj*. jL ;yj u^; ^i <_olj»Jl fj_e
156
jl ijxjs ,_$jj Li i_olj»JI x_j . J—J i »l "Jaljl a»
. 4«, ; ,hll 4»jl>-
jSLa« jJ»u (5-iil j» JNl jl jlaNI *~_»- jyiuj
■ >*"
determinism, fatalism : Ja\
fatherhood paternite »>? i>
. ijJii SiL-Ji
^ UJJ jkj J. xxi ^l>-l; ij.Nl J«U; iillilj
a > >. > ', ft
sociological i^jJ^jUi Sj_.Ni : Jlij
j>-\ ^/-^-i l^i ^ji ,^ll aJUJJ fatherhood
_V; N tjjli ^u f Ni -jjS" J_Ui j»J alljll jjjo
• *~^_^j^ 3!>^ L_l _ \j
fatigue fatigue ___!
5jJi ,_/—«. J >V *«*lj ieb^ail jl-U* J _..»:ll
_a_ s U Glj»-I c__JI wiyu IJU .J_JI Jt J-.UJI
a_jJ;-I i>>«i — (^A-iJIj ^->^ ~ 1 J—*l' ^ 5jJL2H J
. iJlT o-lj oljS 4i_; N tjiJI J-*ljdl
ikjlj^ i»j*>_> C>^5 ykUi* j 1 <dl aJU- j— Jj
Jli jj_1 (T) i^-bNI il_Ol J _il^. ,j__ (\)
SjLjS" iihso i-y-jij—i c j\jw (f) INlj J . ,^l \j
cjU»pNIj o^L_JI J o^U-iilj fj_JI *S"l>j f-ll j^—
. ^-ul Ja~^?j ( _ <r _Jlj ^.. a' . 'l l J OM^jk-^lj
J_JI Jp 5jJ_)l ,j__ J iJL jJI i— ill J«lj»Uj
JUpNI j. LU;l ^1 iLil JUpNI JI _Ui Jt J_, Ifj
jlj ipjil JUpNI j< __jI i-jj)l JU*NI jlj ii-JI
. S^JI JU_-NI ^ U~l j_"i i^j>ll JUpNI
t i__dl ilJb-l j ipl^-NI J^ljJI J? -lliTj
t aiU l_J_l jj^li j>-y_ ^/-^r^ J—J' 01 '-•jj^l _<• i'
. UL>-I oLiNI C— _J Jl t^jj. J* All jlj
ana. Eng. tiredness
Fr. lassitude
157
favouritism favoritisme
«J£>ll federation federation
FEED-BACK
**U>- ji j> _pJ UT ji Uj^- ^l>. ^| ji^ti
jlfaiVl ojJ_r-» 3jA\ **r\y_ Uxp l jw J.* jl S^ j|
feast banquet, fete ^JjJI juJI tijjll fee taxe
. 5j^» <~«Lf MLc>-I »Uj *^"jj i^-U»- ioli
JjjJlT iibk< oltjt ^51 OjUJI Ja jUjI idT Jlk;
r>'
j;jJL (*,%)! J^-jij .ll^- oUULI JlSji! r7 ^r J
!_»Ua«i-l J i^JLj »UU! jS- i^oil jl£i\'l , ,
(*%ll i.liV i*»>!l .UkJI 5>j ^ L. I^Tj .iAVl
^jiUj v^ 1 -' ■ 3 "^J-^' i«Lil dolj^JI i^Lc »Lir 'US'
£>T fUaiL <ij~-« ijjll J^jll UjSj tfj .^-ij^JI
fecundity recondite aJUJl Jp 5j-UIi
oij sterility ^iJI ^Lli_, .J_J| ^1 J if,uil
jjy.1 ^U ^.u jp j«a fertility i_^JI ui
itj^i Jl i_JL ji jy Jl i_JL ^iUi jlT »lj«. tSu
■■>'>>
federal state Etat federal Jual^l jj^jjl
(J*- fl* jj^o ^./i A l^wj l^i Cii'\ Jjj S-Ip ^»
(_j» jj>J 5o»-lj ijS'j* £jk •Uix LJlj bl>Jl JboT jl
. jUjMl i*jX*-
federallsm federalisme ijbu'ii (dljjLjil
OjUl oli^U J*>Ul j^_ ^oil ^LJI .IkJI
Iaj£j>- ij>-ji <j\J&y\ ^L.1 ,Ja ialsij^h fji'j
jl Jl*! ) oli OUjSUj iol>J^I iij-01 j£J hfy*
c~Ju) «. iij-Jjt Jfil yi —JL, Jl ( oUkli. jl OL^j
oUjSUllj ijr>l i.j£jl ^ ou'ltjllj olkUl
iiVl
i_»^ 4>0^ _,Ji t 5>lp iLi iyiJl 4»>Jj ijii 1 ^ »L>
feeble-mindedness faiblesse d 'esprit
^JiJ
4l>-
^* j^« iU-^* Xp /l^' j^i' ^JiijJ
4»«J 7-j\Jvj . e-lp^aJI Jjjjl ■" jl'l ia ^1 jl ^? II jl ^JIjjJI
J^w'j i>-jJ V> J I j ytvall ,jv U (JiJI .Jnwill J els' Oil
a_>-jj Y« ) idiot ojjJJ : JjiJl LJU^i ii'lij
°* ^! Y ' t>*) imbecile *L^lj (jji Ui
(i>-jj v« Jl o« i y) moron OjiLilj ( i>-jj
iJlji^l ijwi i«lc- ii^aj JjioJI LJUvi _, ; .,.^
JiljJI »OPj SjUVl 4Pj-.j elj^-VI *Jjf-J OjTIiilj
^U^i^l «^> Uai_, Vj OlT^lj v UaP^I Jy_
(Ji«il OUtsill 1 — «_j ijPl^^/l »L>JI J ir^i^t Ji
ana. mental deficiency
feed-back recapitulation des informations;
retroaction olijull ffrj^\ - 1
ilk" I «JLp J ^jjj.1 ^ SJJjll OU^Uil »IJi^u-l
OL)UI JjIjC— I !,_ [&[j£Ji£ Jl 5jk>Ji Jxjj tOljijill
j\j2\ J;-u; jl JjO>- jlji ilki^ iiUi^lj j^wiJI a~
. w ; .All ^y» \j* TT^ 3 bj J '— *-^ ^— r^*" J»r^ J^O* lI'
FEEDING
feeding alimentation
XuScil
<jaa 3 «IJi!l jU>.l J l^Ulj, i_jt J3I ■I'j^JI
ajJjij 0LJM1 y' J a_i, d_»u aJjLJj ojlaplj oUT
cf. food >'y^ a- Wj I '>» J|
feeling sentiment iikUll . jloi-jJl
jj^iJI gj we feeling jUlll Jj^i\ : Jii _,
<_>la*lj jpli*> jl&l —a! jljiMI jl jl ULi-l J
affection
>l
feeling, collective sentiment collectif
• Ij*. jj*i!l l _ ) aj J jljiMI j* _£-£" Jap llljlil
iiiij i^*-^"' jy^i .^~Ja*h • ! OJ>JI • ! Jij-^ 1 <-^
fellowship bourse universitaire
Ljlj <U*-j£ ^^ilij *- J*£* i SU? Jl . L.....J t — wu
olISvjj c U ii»U- jl ids' (J LUil <cu«ljj i»jlx« j^ <c£c
iwUU jl aJlS^JI iHt Jl oUaiJI -jJii 4-s-U» lJU>-l
<U-jJ U<ajl aIUjII -Uaaj US' .4-^UaX>-l JUai Jr**^*
. 4-JU1I Ob_ilj OliSJI ,_/*<" U»^-£ 4~Up
felony crime ajL^JI .iU^I
0.5 Ip -Li J d-d "j>t-JL l^ijol* i^Juu o^rUap- ic jfc-
^iUj jh ^'iji-i jr Jp ^^i. ^ Jo; cjisV
.^^W ojjUaj: UJjU*
female suffrage vote des femmes
j*- U J_jit &a^JI jJUjOI oJU-I -J i_jU^o^I J
. ^U^MI
158
.ji Jjlji^jJI iaAl ji Jl olfMI la* -i^-ij
v* J^ r' '^ J > J^ ^ J '^' ^ 5,jai ^
tLJIj .j^SUJI Ojli J illjliMI J J«-i <5 <jj£; ol
. t^A. V. »>J ojU- *Li i* Nl /r* *J>-
ij/i!l Jp ^^oJ jl Jsr-jH jn-. ^ ''i 1 (>rj
j>. Sl^JJ Ojy JJI JtAJI J ij^JI Ciji aij . «*WI
y U- «j^l J *__!=. jii *UiJ OlT <ii ^Li^^l
III LLi jl itWI i^^ai\j jl JJjikll iL«J»j *^> ji«^
... jjl i^^^l
l^ «ilj; jl L^^ - J^-Ji UT _ rJLa. oljJJj
iv^UJI OUj^JJI ^"j X* IajJU^j U«ljl ^Xj jlj
JU-JI gjJi Cp. oUi^JI «iil: !)>' JIT wUJJU iV.
^ iJUl jp t ii>l jl>MI Jl r . ^>. Ji ^ ^-^j
. jt^lA jiOi - ^ jl ^ »_^ jp jl
female workers femmes ouvrieres
■SM2\ .Ul
JUp^Lj JpIjjIIj if, ail I jj^JI Ju. Sljll
>wjjlj ipLvail jC apL. ija^JI jjvi«)l (Jj '*Jj^'
. Cj^UII »LJI 5jIj j (Jp J— "II ic— * ii
jjp olilil itj^MI iiijj Sljll **~& C-ijliol aij
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feminism feminisme *5 l ~)' «/Jl
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fermentation inquietude,
trouble, effervescence Olj^l t r 1 ^*?'
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fertility fertilite i'^JaiJl
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165
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v^jjii, iiiii «j-Ui uj ji^ji ji ^ ^jii our^i
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167
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FREE ENTERPRISE SYSTEM 168
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^ai\ JJ^: Jl ^^ jl Jlcijl {jjj±\ icj, J.J freedom liberte i>«JI
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169
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FRINGE BENEFITS
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cf. statistical distributions, descriptive
statistics
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FROTTEURISM
170
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fringe 4^2 ( ^J 1 ^ ♦"'j 11 ol^WNI ^ ^T
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frotteurism frotteurisme (t^ 1 iJl^-Nl
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J& 3b JJx--.il ^L_i iJlill i^iJl C^fi UT JjSfl
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regression L^'l_JiaJl jl agression ^Jljjp iijlL
.resignation Jujll j. ^jU^ ! NI jifixationc-Lj3l ji
function fonction
Ulbjll - ^
j^i^J rj-^y. 4 J' J ' 'M^ 0™. tJ?"^' J**'' f_y
OL^-ljil iJ^JJ tSjIaVI »_^iil JwiujJ i^*-- L»l-Ul
functional representation
fonctionnelle
t^U^^I^ JUjJIS' ij^il oU-U>JJ ^jJI J— ^" ijutfj!
L«j<il t^U^alj JLjJI ^. JS" jl i-<w 4Plw> j Jw>il
JjiJI Juj JiJI j« yJI l-ift C~ j^ 1 V-^.J
{ juu J Jtf Ul jlj t ijjJJI jl JJjLI jl iiJail ^Ul Jp
. jx^ii jr^>J' ONUJI
OlpW>- Co j-/?'1I ^^s^ Jj a^ Jjv l....». " ll I — jf- lo
a^jc« ijjIjW Jl ^j\pl '—■ ; ■■■■; Jui?ljll fy*^ f* i-^L>-
. idJUaJI siA Jiix*Jj JJUJjl «J> Jwj
171
functionalism fonctionnarisme £t&'£\ &-yl\
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ijlo»-Nl jUv-l Sjjj-a JJUil i__»iil ^-iJI It Jj
Jiioll ll- ^Jl jjl&l L. pi ouUj gji oLJup UiJI
fund fonds juil Jjiii t JU ^Ij
U»-v ^ j!l Jiyyi £*l»Wl IJU. j^«iil
tS I benevolent fund [fj^- jj'lili : Jlij u a\^-
i ijojl JUpM) JU«i ya^ad
\ -Uiij provident fund j£-jNI jjaLij
^U Jwi^ vlUjj jUj'VI »lk; juij J_^; ^!l i ._jLi
i U«U>lu.I jl Lit jllp l^Jblj jU-j^I
jjO^aJI y,j assistance fund »a*Ql jjaLij
... jji siijiij ^jiir
cjJJl <i>Ua)l _,»j works' fund sliiil jjaLij
jjj_b- _ut „J*. ^Uli j| 5 Lull Ju^ sopUI Lij
. iibkll JJj\£>\ j\ Isj\jU\
J u u-'j ^ sinking fund il">^J jj-Wj
. iJjjJI Uj-l^I Jil oIjlJI i*J jl_uJ l _^>4
fund raising JJ_^Jl jl Jf^l «li- : Jii US'
. oLdl ,j-^^ iuiJI oU-L^-Nl juj; tsi
funeral funerailles A$&& j" ^ "
. ^ijdl L ^ai~iJI jii U»p j_j ^1 U * J &1\
JjUjI Jj-_,; "b/j OliUill U»}b»-lj ^-jikll »JA i_ji^"j
< ™ p ilfiJ *y ^— 'J US'. [£ <_§!' 5j*i!l Jjlu ji*j lc*
Ja- ilLj^ jtjjl u* yd oNjUn JjlJ Ojj U»>Jlj
FUTUROLOGY
-Ut jljiNI SjIp <_Uij"j SjU'rl J^«J' oj=-JI jj:j
~-~jt>l j^joj ijj ^W^' -^ «j^r^ J*r*^ ~ i -'*-* J -^J
ijJljLI o">U>JI jl US' .JJUjll j< sjjii jl •U» I ^^L :
uUVI jl US' \i iiji^i ^yjil jl u^Jj" il->- »li" Ji
J.J lj-r«j '-J-V. -^J ?v~" J ^' '-'■V. ^>f ^'J'^r'
. Ojll i«jUl ^^Ua>-^/l -il^ SjIjI
fusion fusion
^liaj^l
J.
Jb>*JU i-jl-lftl
^IpU-^- »UiJl
Olij^ <]&*> \~?. ^ry tlr^J L/^*r' \ m ^ n \ ^ ^* "^"
i^>-iji b»j« j-ujj^i jjX; -ijj . L.'iii i Jul jLo l»
. Jj'jlla iJ la-
fusion of culture iiUill J r-^^^' jj£> jij
j^wijj to-^l^ll iiliill jj _^S"I jl ^jv»U3a->-y 4-Up jAj
^>j ^Nl i _ P i«JI Jj-^'j OL_JI ^^a^; Jili^^l kllJi
UU^« U^ J*^* (^!l 'kiit
futurism futurisme iYs?.. f i
^--J^^l U^UI J .i i' i nl lj Jj^>Jklj -lj-J^I J^J 4PJJ
. S^lill J J-P^llj USjJIil Jp
Jjl (\"\ii->AVl) F.T.Marinetti ^-iJ
Vj U-_J_^)i_, i^l a^j:_ jis" -u'j «,jJI ^ jjjlil
. £lJ0"i/l (Jj»J JUJ^I J^J UL>I jyu
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t aTjjJI Ja iutl. Js-ly J il^ll * ( _ s iJl jljjl; ^iJjj
futurology futurologie (*■' i i Jp
i^uj^ij 4_-uji ^UjS/b j^i j*
(■l^iuv^/l Jp U\-ljj J -L^_jj J yj-,,,11 J ijpLJ^-^lj
U\» ^j^Ii^—J oiJjJ.1 iiyJI jxllijll j»«jt i>Uu/yij
Jil jj~aJL illi juj rj£_) US^«; Jil i.l»!l jjilil
. iUUI JUr^/l J ( ;^J.I U> J>V
gain gain J>-oJl tl _l£)l
cf. earning, gain sharing
gambling le jeu jyUll t j£.\
tLiVI j* Ujjt jl ijici\ JiJ i jLtf-l < a.<ii ^N jl
viii
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jj£j J» US' ti;_Jt-l SjCNIj «^Ji jUI SjUl jU^l;
^yilixjlj ^,-iJI ^*l*f '— i J j' 5.1 5p ^ jj*^ *^— J
^a fljL-^JJ y«Ull J»-» jl ^-~»- . v J-i] Li j>j*-^JI <y
*x>-is 4~>-j^j — -j*ji <u^-ui /^* ,*lc*i r^y j — >-)
N] -b-UjI ^IjJ-Nl; J.U; 4ii ,v*jj lJIj>JNI J»U'i
J l_~. jlT Ajl US' u Ij jllau Jp o"^*. ^' 3 f ^
J">UJI lip Jy } i;3-U J* f IjsJI iU; J^a- 1 ,_j>- f UaJ Jj»-J
. tSjS^I io-U j» _,— X\ «>L* J Jul I
cf. morals, speculation, amusements,
play, divination
game jeu -de sport Jail u^ill
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jjj jjj ^jjii j ^j^ii i\yi\ ^> i) jf jjj ju-L ji
, Jj>NI
games, business or management jeux
d'entreprises-jeux de strategie
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Ifj J»ju j^JI V«^Jail J*«il <Jul_>» j^S" J>- Jj *jlii
IS"j »7yw OUj^jf Jl jruj-Ull ipUj^ ~ ij jl .>.-lil
OUjUU ^aju j jUjJI -^J^ J^ *^-^»«-* O U ,., U ." eljLil
j_^uui jjii jj_ii jf-j Vj^-f. iJ" *s"j^ j* J— 'U-Mi
JS" jljil »ji oNji-l j^ J^t Jl SljLlI ~ Uj .Uyw
ilkJ.1 oUUI i^-l/. oN>l >ilL' j. jr J JTp
. »i sJ-UdJ *«J_il «;< jl r-tJl Oljljill iUilj »i
JS" *>>^J t_ j>u"j -*j-1>- jl<^— I j>_J& jl jljil ^«J jl
Nj i_jjjjdl ii;» *»j«^, Li — • sJov ejjL«l jJp «U jlji
iJI^I pJUJI jU; Sljlll il,-' Jj Lt-i jjij-^l <^*- |U~_
. i^r-i J^J Sjl— »JI jl TvJI "— -^" (j*
173 GENERAL ASSEMBLY
game theory theorie de jeu c/JlUw-'tfl hj* l^ }f 3 V'lSL- ^>J ^J\ **■ -ui>j ~ jsio^Jl
oLLJl ^ is-ys- Jp o v \^l i>j Jo; .\*~>»- a-* cs J* M 1 ; r>V i - jUJ,oU - UJ ' ^
ceTjUil J»-l JjUo Jai^L Jj- aUI lJj^ JLLdl t^^^JI f l^j v l Vi *lj»-lS' JJIJ»JI UJ- O'.'.'.i Oij
Jp -oli^" jij; ji jSLJ.1 j. ulT ^lj jj- tijjC cf. city, urbanization, city planning,
. SUIT UjbJ Uoj>j jl Ojj , ^j U Oo=- i^ company housing
ljr &\ jLtf.1 ilLi lf,i_>- jw jl ijliJi JjUjj garnishment saisie-arret j*i\ ^ ji-uJi U j»»-
jUp v I J U».l U iljU J (i v_p v » ^ i^Jl>l i*^ i_~ i_i; j^-SlI j- ( «Ui_; ^Jil iLil y>
• V^l'j wLJI pUll j jJ* LT 5xJI (jiljS Jp ^\^J\ ^ jir oij . JUJ .1^)1 jJUI Ul ul v* 1 .
gang bande jjijji t £Li«|l J**" 11 ^ ^ J* 1 - 11 J*"** <-J! W** V °-» l > i '. 1H 1
O^f. ^ J-WI '■** J^ 01 i^>u ^_j ejSl o> Jp
play group^J JpIVJ^ Lu uS_, .i^l^liUI J gemeinschaft ^1 £^11
ul J V*- Jsi^" l^j mob .ipjilir lj^ o»j ojL^pi iJjii, j^ ^^t ^ ,>„,-.«, ijlll iUf
"^J Jj^ elpyJl ji US' t JJU i_j^« £-jjj -A— JLSJ U> ijlyil O^L<5 ^L-i J*- f_>ij •If^-li'j 5l~xil Olj • j
A^' V^-> '^_>«J^ LJ^vij" iUaJ! (^ JJi' OjSio" . ifrljjll jklill j Jj-iJ aJL^pI ^jj> liL^ilj oJliJIj
■ "^ u~* ^^ ^ l ' OjSi ^Ulj gesellschaft ^1 <; ^>J,I ^Llij
jii^j criminal gang v'j^r' 4jL^»*- :JU.j . ixiij ijill <y oli^UI
J jIjj; ii-^gang age julIIj uC^ll "^ ,> IV' ,
•,i II ■ i- vi lu-ii i- i, hi --•!. "■ genealogy genealogieoUSlI Jp i^-iJl iUL
OUyaJI (jv ^lrt-^1 JsUjI ^Ij, JI Jil 0j U|| aO* .(--.,,
i'Ua-ll j^p Jp jlkj jJI ^ j, ^jji jLillj a* ^ ^r-^ 1 iL ^ )l J-^'j *UWI ^Ul OU
^U Jp Uui ^^U»^ M I lift jlkj . gangster ^«- ail V 11 ^' J JW 1 '- 1 * l^'j -fj^ J! Jj^^ 1
i-Jl^u JUJI j, ^^ Jpgang iJT jlk UT ■ " iiJ ' J "^ ^ S;)UJ ' i = J -'^ i ' oli ' :>U '
"tff 1 *^- 1 ^ M| f^> gang boss Jlli ^j : JUj general assembly assemblee
^L,i Jp ^S/l V U^I .It ^igang wage system generale t,J^\ ^ji
• ( , ^~^ ( lC "* Ji d (^ ul-*^J' ^V AP_j-hjf 7T^ « ^
1 ■ r * i t- jjj^uii tUif-Mi «-->j- ,j» i^^jJi ij>Vl jjSo:
cf. lawlessness, racketeering, juvenile ,„-.-,. A - , , , , •
»U- JS o^ *;^U- »jj^3 J r^>-) .i_jL«^>-I (_JJl>-l J
delinquency, outlawry , • . •
' Up ^aj ^oJI eSjUJI UUpI JjJi>- j jkJ J» M I Jp
garden city cite-jardin jJlokJl iui jji ji^S/I J v' 1 ^ 1 5 jj j J j*^ -*»j •^'^ il
»l_^, itUwj U J»- JI I, — i Jp J^jJ i^s- iJc~) ■ ^' s c^-^-'
Ja-j iJlill jSLJI Jl^i jjjj ^^.j jU^iS/l ^ . oLJI ^UJlI Jp Cij C ^Ua^ M l jlkj
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
general equilibrium equilibre general
J>ji-J( »U~I iy-j i«sWI ijS^lil » Uajj Sj»JI i-iUll
. JJljp jj-^. i_.ll»llj ,y>j^ jj<li j^-j
general interest interet general fj^Jl jmUu
jtj i^ \ji*. v-j^r J 1 U»s? »*-" ^1 iJLall
public interest &Q\ sklill j. tflk; j^i
J* jjS/i ^ ^ . Hjji\ j ^^i jr j^j ^i
general strike greve generale »UII >->lyi^l
j">UI *U*ji «_«j- J ji iJaiU^. jl ox» J oUUII
. SoJUl
• fA/~" ■& *?y^ v*"UJI (>« rWI .— il^NI 7^«jj
jp <Jda£ _)*j ^Uil .-jIj-^I ijjdl OlUJI «>«J£j
oi,. a U; , m . 1 I «»Uall C :„ ? J »Pj 5J>-lj 4pL«9 Jl»p /•?«*■
. j">UI »UxJl oikin j apLvJI
cf. labour movement, strike, direct
action, violence, revolution and counter-
revolution, syndicalism
general union syndicat general i^Ull £ujl
jl *^»y- JP JaJI "J^A JUjJI «<ij' ^11 ilill
jp c-lioJI J JLJI ju j^L^JI ijiJ oLlill ^ s-jJI
174
general will volonte generale Itall «Jlj)ll
jl— 3j i-iUJI -ill i.l_JI 5jIj)/I f jf«» 0*-^-i
r ^k^.^l Jj; US' ipUi-l «Lipi Ifi::.. Jll 4-.LJI
io^ill ObljMI jp »Jj^' vLJL-l ijjli iy^lb Jp
Ol^ jjo^il ^jjJil Ijf. ^^k^^l »a^x-l aij 1^'Up^
iJI-Ull ailjl »Jft— xJ i^>l>- iiUAj e^J^jl t^-iJI J^JJ -^^"
ji^J J\j l^io JIT Jll SJ\iil iiljiy.JJI j/ ^1
. ou^pidl oljljiil Jjjla jp «^>JI J V-..^'
cf. authority, democracy, legitimacy,
public interest
generalization generalisation (4**^
«_«j- ^ »jj>J.I jl itjsii.1 olioll j^UsI y>
^j 4>w» i-JUll Ollis-^llj t_jjUJI OJjl Ijlj
(j^jloi jl -t^iL >■! ^ji -^>-ji jl Oj^ oejjR J"
. i-Jp Ol^^jJ iu-j> (J,l JiiJ jjUail j^jiil Jl* ' ***
generalist generaliste
CLjjamIi Jf^l
union
jUJI : >JI
JLajl <iU- OjSsj jl JjU*j OL*^*jJIj ( U^li.lj (jw
ijJbJI oLUaIIj jISj^I C& r^r. J'j u!r^ 1 -^ : ^ ,i ' , CK
»_jjl -t>-jiJ 5-Xiw 4oh'.» J jja^i jl Jaki^»S' J-jj L*^
^UlI JUaJ^I JJL-jj i.jSU]l J OUjwJI jjUiill
ijUii^l ^i^l ^iuyj SjbNIj i-WI Olj-A-Ilj
<w OL«j»jiJIj (jJUlill J-U- oil; j js«J »la£l iil>j
. «»iKil oi«j" jbjl US' p-'IkL-j jn-'l^V f-Liljl
generation generation <J&JI -J^rJ 1
^»j!l 5jj ij\ \fS\nJ j i Jl *i— L- J»-lj« lS-^J
Ifj olU- ^11 jl cSy"' - 1 *; v"/ ^* ' *\*-j ts" "^-'
. i_- rr _^ sjIp j-i-; jiij ^j^i j;^i
_^>Ji J <ij» ^^; OjW uy. ("*L>" <^*j" j^*" '^*j
175
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J JL>-MI i>J _ Jy^ J*j J jy^_ JjjJI jl jj\
si* jli iyiJI oii ilk, iJ-Uilj 4-.LJI .lyyij jtiJi
•jliil sx. JjU; iLUi. VvSCi Ji^- ijSUll ylyjl
. ^ — Jl 4l_L. j J_j- Ljiycuw j!l Soil
lP^' J?-'- 3 -? inter-generation j£-^l _jl'
intra-generation jb-ij!l
generic image image generique iUUJl f^i
non-specific sSoiJl ^ C^ ifc s^
»j$illj 4-._y.Jll ljfj,\ jVj, !,__, iUUJI Sjj^aJlj
._>UI
genesis genese ^^i ct y^i ._p^
<JU- Jl Jj^j J*. (/.jXll 8 y y .^Jjl j, £3
social genesis '^Ci-^l »__i3l : >*'
genetic group groupe genetique
OjSc; ^1 s^Vlf ^yli 1^ jjj_ i jU»-l j_p i>Us-
4*U-I j* _y 3 ji\ Ji^_ jjj t SjjiJIj .UjNIj .1,^1 _y
. *->JI Jajljji l,j IjvaP Jii 4^3 j
genetic method methode genetique
ylyill y' J-U*; ^.U Jp pi j d^JI ^»L, jb-i
GENOCIDE
genetic psychology psychologie
genetique ^_^j| ^1 ^
. ^ * ... " JI rt^JJ y. * . * . ' ...** Uby jl
genetics la genetique aijyi J^
i'ljjll Jl&lj mjy Jv\j i-ljjj J>_ j_jJJI JUII
genius genie Ajy^ 1
_u& j-V, (_sJJi jyJi (J^ ^Wi uLjl. J iyji Jjj
. iwUil 4»l&!i 4Jkj ^jji iiyJlj »iyyi J jiy^i _yw,
,i;UI uj_y-j_ijli ijfJlS\i Ujj U»UjI iy^jJI JaJ^; IJJj
t^y-^_ rjr^' u"^*iJ J*-~^^ ^^ '-'^ ^^ ci ^^ iSj^
. jij>^\ >\jbi (_sjWI t^y-ll _jp JyJI
"U^? jl <J ayLwJj 4-—JJI Oly«Jl ^a^JxJj
iLU {.Uil Jo-yll _j. Jp! i^t<Wlj i^ljLlj 4-wLI
y o lj t \c— ^~ ?*-^J -J^ - ' SjiLJi ftNyi jl ^\ OLa-^ail
i-^v^jJJ ^il Jl Ja-yll j* i^lyl (i^r"'^ J Uljll
4_Jl; Jip Jl>. J«J p-'ij JUi^l jljJ^Jj t i-wJLI
l^»*lj iyvjJI ^ Jl Lsx,." S-b-u- oLyii iJL»j
Jli^Sl i'yij pathological theory 'L^'js £j£i\
iliijll i'JiSlj psychoanalytical theory ^^31
quantative theory iflSCJl ^y^jljqualitative theory
(_jijl J~»*JI (_S_yiJI J^JI J*- (►*>»>" Mj *V_jiJ jjLj M
i-»U- Jj^jj Lij' tHJJJ ylj UU!I Oljy-ll 4ik:
ana. talent ^^uJall **y' JUj M ___;>- ^LJJ
cf. creativity, intelligence, leadership
genocide genocide ^r^ 1 *^' **ij^
jl 4-i.J jl 4J">L- jl 4j»ji iiSUaJ Sj^jcII iiiy\
GENOTYPE
176
,j~drl °^.\ f.f^ <— >\— ij iJjjil iJUj'Ml (_g<"Jj
«Ji» Jl i^iil JjOil j^cj J!l iJjjJI «Jlji-l j. ^r-Jrl
genotype genotype ls^^~" J 1 -^ 1
0J-b*j US' <JjJui\ jL&l j-^U»»»MI Ij,- JL./M.;
<_ :&l jljkll *kUjj .Uol »l CJlS" Sy>lk illjjll J^lj*
«o^- LT ^^1 OUS^JI J* iMaD phenotype
. iJij vU>>i j* 1 ^ 1
gens clan patrilineaire *jjj"^ apUmJI
i^S 1 ! ipUi-l oj» fSll jl ^S 1 ! <Jt>U j. jj»^j clan
^•iJj patrilineal clan iy) ~»'}~* j^ gens
. J til j-*>Ui^>Nl l~fj!j!JjSMI 'U-U- J* j£ J-*i
gentleman gentilhomme
J-^Uil jCJI
i*U- ^ 4>1~*J 4a1>-j Ohujjj JjL-JJ "d^pj 0-L>-j
gentleman agreement convention par
la parole d'honneur «ls£ill jU;l cOUHkil JUiJ
ix"j ^ OlJLfju jU »^i (j)jl wits jJ (jtj jUjI
jl p*iy Jj-3 O^j^ cN OlJlSlI JjLj jl L^i^ *o
iJ» j-^ !i .ia'..... <JL jU;Ml UjL> aS"b vl_j- ^j jI^c-I
■ uf* Jj J f~**y *~. — . i&5^
gentry petite noblesse
oj3l Jp Oc^UJI jl>Sll j. JjSo" ^11 iLUI
£* Jll uJoJI ^»j .v_j9 J^.1 j. ^jJ^JJj i^ijl
• US*L>j" iW^ jUw Aiij OUI iii Jj; L />l>- f>J
.landed gentry ^jUJI iWll j. juS/l U> Jlij
geographic determinism determinisme
geographique ij>)ju£\ i^JI
i—*L-l 2* *• «■- J i „t. .11 OU^^*il ^w Oli^i>- jl
j»l>llj aiidl jji J J.J .V 1 ^ 1 *y J oU!)t>-NI Jl
i_^_, ^uiir ij'^ 1 yA *>«• J v-*' v 1 ^ 1
. ;JI iJ-UI jjl^lj ij3lj jlk-Sll
geography, cultural geographie cul-
turelle J^Uiil Ql>«JI
^Nl ji JIS^ll »!l J ijU^il IV'j ^e^ 1 ^y* 1
culturosphere ^jUakJI .LkjlL ^^—j U i-ljj jl
. olSil oli^NI >!->■ j.
ijljii-l ^-*>Ui^l J^jlyuLl ^/i*; J^. » .".j -*»j
(jj^i UU*-lj ie-lli-MI JjljiiJl ^JjIj^T i'jLaiJI
. ii^iJI ijlyiijj
geography, economic geographie
economique *i?~ 1 ?)'' ~'j^"'
^jj^k oylJJ ^jUaJNI isLiJ! L j>-1_)' t/'J-^
jkU.1 ^ ^s^^^lj JJt!' (/-!> u-J^" ^ *W'
IfLij UjLIj oUoiJIj >J_!I r-^^ t^*-i t* «k»»l.!
J ^jUaJ^/l JsLiJI jTjo t/ 9 !* 1 f\yi ^ aj ) ft)
. iJLJIj ijkJI j^j-UI ja lilljj i_*« jfcl^.
geography, ekistic
geographie ekistique Ol£/S|l JJlJ«r
^p^Nl 4-il>Jrl ^j> ^ y jS^-11 Lil>»- ji
geography, political geographie
Politiqne ty ^'j*^ 1
;ji>J--i >uii ^~ jiyij J»^^Mi ,^-ij; i-ijj
S^ftlk U'jS" vl_»- y iljOll i^ljjj ^Ir-l' l*j*k« J
177
jp Ui; Uj i^^l ■o'U^L.j 4j"UlSCl «Jj t aJI^Jt- 4 Jl»
ji&i j ijij ^» ur iijjji i.^ .jrii. j- iiMi
geography, social geographie sociale
&lisr>l l3l>i«il
geography, urban geographie urbaine
jail *Ji>r
. lfZ*>-yj>Njlj jjdl *L*Jii1j L^jjjj
geometric mean moyenne geometrique
_jX^J\ Jalyll
•Jill 4Pj^>J. ^»Xil J=-»_)lL| elvia-^l J -Uai
J-A4; J . «-jill si* ^vi J-*»t»J ^yv J^l J-^r^ i^Xjl
j\*jl Ja^-j^* (T - ^ Olia*-jdl (jL /jp ^*JUil Ja^-JI
tal 1 ~mXJ>\ Ja-^ll <u-i ^^L-j>- i^iwaJI \* AJl ,ip
. IjvT «jill jOp jlT
geometric progression progression
geometrique jlulgjl *?A*^'
jyUJi oir s^l. «j j,ui Jp uj»-i ~j lii d_^,
geometric shapes formes geometriques
Ji» iij^f Jl£il ^ «Las-^l J i_»Xil JI^Li^l
GESTALTISM
l^li; ij& f.Ui-J Mj i-~ S^UiJ l^br" ^11 r UjSll
»Up ^j«*ii»o liljjj . liju l^«U>>-l \ij\2j>} l^fj ij«^»J
JlSLMI «aIj . ^/JjxU iSj^ **J* v - J j*J' '^! lAU«i»l
: ^ i»_^J.I i_«JLil
5^3 1 (T) i'ljL&l (Y) vJ&il 0)
geopolitics geopolitique ^«SLJu*j««JI
^jUI flkJI o*p jll I; 111 J £*k»»MI U» ^
,_yl»- fjjj i^*^-* -^ (^ V'y*^' ^'j^"' *i -Uaij
5-L>-lj tjfl*^ jl 5^iJ *L-^Jl>j jU**U <«-^JL> 5JjUJl jS^«
J»-l j,. JUiJI j.jJ ^Ul Jp f>" j^llj i i»vUJI
ecology, urban : jtil
gerontocracy gerontocratie rj~J) *^-
jLT jlT d_»- -5UJI »lk; J»-lj* J» if.J» iif-y
US' 5^ j. J. U iUij .«^»Jl Ojljj S^p-^l J jJI
gerontology gerontologie irjHjA\ At-
. jlj^i-L »ajOp jbjj jjjll j; J)
geriatrics iijiliJl Li : Jlij
gestaltism gestaltisme i i u\V-- r , \\
illjjl 01 Jl i »J3 Ij^L-l ij iy-_jljSL» ijli)
»l>Sllj ^Ul Jp M JSOl Jp >_.., < i-,., U'l .LiSlI
• *J'j>-i J V •ti^r J jljj^JI iljjj °y&. Jiklli
ij>_lai^ ijj-^jjl j*\JiA\ jl Jjill Oj- Jl l^j ^-»jjj
jr ^ j, aui- .ij^i ji ^tp v;i jp gi >-. m
. ijljjl It'Jj-j U Olp_^fj
: iJaJlkiJ^I <L-jO< Uj^" ^il bUiiJI »aI v^j
j>J j»MI LsjI; J !*»■_>» OjSo illji^ll jj - I
GESTURE
•As, *>-jll ilj-i: i.lj»-Sll j>J N JSOl JSoJl
178
i~i^j IjjJb^ 0_jSL j^lS- JS" j\ »J>- IS" jl — _»-
■ <JS0l JSjJI ^u*.
i_j£ iljLJI ji ijj*i\ jl Jalki^l jL*l ^jjj
hJo*^' LJ j*j-*J •— J 'j^» »— ^ 4JSJJI i** UJI 4J^>~~j U jl
■ Vj& si 11 'L*-^ 1 a* *> </ 4 }fi ^
gestalt organismic theory
: Jl U jjij
. Ujljil f-j^f ,j» jvS"l XeUJt-l — I
. 4»UJk-l J^ 4: ; ./TJ^i: . l«.T...,J J^l — 1_J
. JLpIj JUil olfl jJ>^' ipLJrl — _»-
• aiS""^ li' V 1 : 1 "' 1 ! J >"1' *i J j* Jr*-*'" — J
IjLj J^Ij J^" J*"^-* SUy-jT IJLJ 4pLvA-I — -»
• cr^ J^.J *-k>-j5
oLUw»l l»y»j»- j jj» Olj^lUJ t;lU«x-l — j
. J&l OijJi iJT
gesture geste Sitiftl c SjU^I
ijiii ^£J\ jUI Liu ^u* V'l UT JUartN ^s-v.
gesture language SjUVI iii j jtf jl j&_,
,_5»j social gesture Ce-lli-V' S»LJVI : Jlij
<Uji^_; U J*J ^>J J-iC ji ^^i^. J^P JC SjU
La>l *Jj^ij uij*-"^' J' ("*> : dJ *-' ,i '■ 5 f+*i l^"^' J~*^'
<ull _^»
UT *JI
ghetto ghetto
j^ 1
lS L-jII j_^^»JI jx> J o>-jj" oils' ^11 »L»-NI
CJ1S" l^Jj jl^-JI jl j*- J Jot. LJ jj-i^«; J^l olS'j
jr^* ■!»'■ <jij^ ^"^* lij^ « L5 ^ Jlj^NI («?*»■ J
iji; jj.-i' iL; J*- »U1I l»U«i _j^JLI iJS' JXj
. iJt>U Uil ioOil LJ
ghost esprit ryiil ( ^jjll
CJlT *l_^» ilwi ,_^-i ^ri jl -l-i-l 0* »Jj !, » : ' Q)J
( _ r -_ > ikii Jp rjisj ghost cult j-ijJVi SjCp : Jlij
. Iftjlol ji ^IjjNI J»Ua«i-l Jl ^V ^11
ghost tables tableaux spectraux
OL^^aJ ^ SjL» *Ua*-MI J 4— Li»JI Jjljji-l
jl j^J:_J »Ua»-'i(l OIL Lj f jii- ^11 JjlO>JJ iJjl
^ l*jiljJ i-Jfljil ill-NI JOJbJ J 0>-UI V-. i^-^-r.
J-UJI ,>l>Sl i^lUI OlUI £jij iJl^-NI 5jt-M
. ^lux-Nlj iLx-Nlj
gift don ^J3i t £jii
OilS" d_»- jl-Lil *»>iil j KJjtt Jj^J t5-*»"] (J^J
IjjXi U»LTjI iiJjJ If' I US' . i«l» ijLaal ijja>) i^jJj
J-c" JJI oUUi-lj Lr ^Jl jIj^-NIj wi^ill WjSOl;
i)">^ t ^«t>U iOj J^iiJIj jjilidl j* Jjuf oLAI »j-liJ
ijL^-l i^^S OLAI (>Ji; LIU-j ^j^UJIj ^ -.-»ll
. >_>lla«^t>U jl »L>jt>U »-ljLI O^Us- i-- 1 ^.
179
jOa) ^oi" J}\ Li\ ^a fatal gift ^l £*j
Jj-Uo ,j» i_«JJl» Ip.'lS' »Lil OjOj lj^jj»i-jj UJL>-U
i__al_jil oLiif i-JjviJ -lit jjiLill j i_Alj — Y
»U»;lj «J ^.j»jll j. Jjjjlj ^.Ijii j^U^i : ulTji
cf. inheritance, wills,
girls protection protection des jeunes filles
j. oUill iU» Jl Jso,-" J}\ ip^VI ijt i r \
oL^oiJIj obLijVL jaju U j^w Jll >WI
. i/t=r>il Jo^l J* j^jUl i^Ui-lj io^ill
youth welfare _L*]| ifej : j^\
gnosticism gnosticisme
jj^^AiJI ul tijjj JjOil it_Uil ^j. Jl ^ it.y
oU; ai_, i^jjl JU^Sflj uU)!L ^_ If jS"i i_^LL ^
. j^luj jwij jjSii ory^ai J
UjJy.j ^jCJUj ^.jJL-l, ipjjl sJa jUaji j^ii j,j
J jjj£ p-'i pjoliu>l Jj ^-iJI J* .lykVl jUaL.
«_-j:>WI v*-^ i-~*jJJI v*-^ J,Lij
. agnosticism
GOOD, ECONOMIC
-x*>- J\ Jy ^3 j& V, gi J^jll ^jUA\ oLWI
*>Cj <_»IOaI jl i_JOA J jjX; jl Oji <JU»j *£> ,/-L>-
l^i^; i\j, m J)l JU^ILj J-£_Il jki ^j JUI gi
. A4JLI LjL-. J Jju ^Ij
achievement motivation, motivation: Jil
God Dieu L^ji t< &i
oULJ-l J»}t»-l; ^l J| J±}\ ^ii • ^.^1 j
iyi\j >frj\ jj^j JjSlI iJjUl <ji Jp ^ U^Jj
jp 5jLp ^Vl jj»-_j1U Oj»}UI J 1,1 tJioJL »->>rj
good, economic produit economique
^UaJ^i Uji
jjili I,-' I U^ jp ioUiaVI iJUl j_c" jS^c
4__J Sj-ij Oli lj-'l;j 5jJ>^« iJl )l i»-U- f-Uil ^p
jAi Lp-tJl Jj_» j Joo <jl kUUj ^5^;^ <^-»jll j«« J
J iJiL" i«J U jjSo jlj ijljllj CJjilj JL^JLI j, j^
■ Jj-JI
l f ^Jj i*iX» Oli 4JUI CJlS" Ijlj
iJUi jjSJ jl Jlj»-Vl ^^v J *ljilj .HIT i__j Sjo;
r L
LpVI ^y j-uT i«i^.
V^Jj
1 5j_U Ob
goal but
jfjQ\
JLJL j oj-U ^_ *;i ijiil ^^ ^jjl .^l jl «JUI
cfiJl ^soil j»group or social goal^-f Uil ^sailj
Jso,- Up iJT ,_jdal Jij ipUi-l jj>-j 1 _■ y* Jjoil
. 4pUjLI *U<apl •_* j^ip 15" 4JI
^ organizational goals (4^' >-ilJ*lj
4rl3>l jiJI l,J ^Ijii Jp ijUJVI .LJIj
^L^ j^- J»jl»j p — " \r\ j?*-') producers' goods
. Sj-udl iJLJ^I oU-UJIj OU-JI jA_1I j
*r^"j consumers' goods 4f ">Q£"Vl JLllj
. o^iL* lju Jaj iJLJ'yi OU-UJIj OLp Jl
Jll JJI ^j wage goods ^j^l »Lilj
!_,_. UjSo ^1 dJJj c^l »^»JlI J iUUil UJall UlU;
i-l— iJl j»j!>j>-J r^—^J iiJall «JA jljil ii_A> i£j~-j>
GOOD OFFICES 180
good offices demarches benevoles 2. achalandage Jkll bj^ji - Y
5 •4?* J, l ^-? L - i ' J* 5 bd! ^.I V: =S"» (^l 4.. LI iijA\ i~i!l
lUli <-JjL lal./i'gf JjL>»j J..JL..II i^— JJ it— 'j i»j jJJI Uxj jl l*j*£ (J SUuJ.1 r-^*- 5 ' -*^J -ijc- " y"
J»>ilj . ij>j\i* J Jj>-Jiil J* ic-jLjdl J»l>^l >i^ . J^Sfl j^i jjJJj J^J.1 SjfJj i-JU
iJ}U VU~l jlic jl JjUw s-u^^JI 4^L_. ^jx; tj ill governing body organe d'administration
fyj>y jUjUd! jlijlail ^b jl l*i^U j^ ^c_ iffi^ J 1 ^'
■ ^ r^ 1 t 1 ^' board of directors : Jil
oUjUll J Jl^iVl i-u^JI ^Ul --^is V, , .>„, ,
' t - _ government gouvernement i»jSj«JI
jUki J» JjejLdl (jrvijlail jl ji_j «-jU* JjL»- ^f- _ji
,Ju ^Jj l _*i!l ,1* «VJI 5bi jl ^jJlil Sjbl f lki
Sa_^JI ^Ul jli kiiii iJb- bli illjliMI IJia Jt. l -* J ~r" J ■ , ' y
,.,.". ... - ,, iU-U>-j ail il ilJU Ja_»j l^»JiJ> a-i*£>- Vf>J »J_?*'
dJli i_>^ J>-j; ^j mediation JkLy Jl J_p^'
,jlkjj .«-UiiVI XP is 111 OjiJLi L-jl ' ....* l*-UiJ JjjJ
good, the le bien jjjkJl i i>-i)l J i-i'Uil otuAl fj~=r <J* i^-V-^ ^Jk^il J
.il i ! , - i - u •ik' -ii .iJLiiilj iJUdl, i~ pJI i^iJI olkUl kiiiJL. J~ia
i^iJI >JLail »» y>. CJlS" ^ Li ^>jry il* iiXJcS ikl_II _jftj V_^-i J»l ,_^«f J.«*',..J US
. £^11 J lli. lyi iiJSj ■ ^-^J
J-J 1 >»J «^ J j~ ji Jll«* jf- : Jl*> j^Jtj ^-^ li*A> UX jr*^ >=i V ^£*&)
. *ji d^uij Mjjijij Jauii o ji > > j, jjui c: L -'■ l;, r 1 ^ : s ^ Vl5:il ^^ ^--^'j ^-^
presidential government 4 -Li Jl y^SUJI jlolkUl
fJU V JT y»j ti^l jl J^UVI >iJlj
^- ' separation of power system olkUl J^ai »UaJj
collaboration of power systemolkUl jjU; »Uuj
i«x^ (U- Jj-^>JI jl 4,. /T^ J^ o^XJ (J wll? ^p jl i^-jl>-
, - l. - -■ cf. state, sovereignty, constitutionalism,
J^U-VI jjjUIIj (_*-! JLij j^^aii »U«jl <0uju U'Ij i_^
'_"'.' monarchy, democracy, parties, election
i _ r _.U« : jU-^ i»^>-VI (J —oUilj . j»-l jU«-l ts' 'J?- 5
>"aiiUil j ^ JILL. U," j^UIl, ^IT "i^> 9° vernorate governor* &^
_ ^J.| aJI JTjjj i>«J.I i^ai^JI j^C. iij-01 ^1 ^ •■■JT
iiwi ^uii ^ juvi ,^r U.L ^>, > ! .r ^ ^' ^ , > l W> ^ * ^^
UjSjJ jl JUit j^ 4j »L«il $y j\ p^i U j^yj 3jd\ t£^
grade grade AJ^ll . ij^il
goodwill
1. bienveillance j|>^l >J ^3> jj^JI - ^ >^ ^ ^' , > l ^ iU - ^ ° L ^-' 1 J> C^
. ^j«< jl*. u«L.I Je- will l»j
US' t jiiil j-»-j ii^l Jfr i^jkj (^iil j_,»iJI j* - - r
,_^«; _pJ 4_iBj jjfJr 1 J-r-t (> jOLiwVI Jx gr a d e corre - ^Vi 1 ^J ■ 'U»-MI J Jlij
. oW»l _,! ^U^.S/1 JJi~ t^JJI tij^ 1 (/ i .J b > 1 ^ tJI >y *ih lation
181
i^l grading system ^jjlijll ^_4i> : Jlij
standardization, : ^1
gradient inclinaison /j&ui\j jll £>-ja
. i_n< iki ^y »Uiilj ( _ r aio jl J ' J ji J^ 1 J* <i^/-liJ
>-*ljl»l J' ij-O-l Jm^< /^« uU- Lll oU-ji ^UJj
SiL-f- IjUj.5 (^j«i (Jil Ol_£«dlj ti^visjl 4,alvAI
tplj^- jlj j^-Ltdl ^y*A\j J>--^ / } <>■•*.'' ,L« OU-j-US*
£jy, UiJI ^l^lj jSLil i£Lj Jt>UJIj jJIjIIj
J-ll OU-ji J k^O>J jjjl Oljwdlj ijj-jlj&NI ijla- — !l
Ae- i£ j-ja*^ j£ II i Ja — « ^-j-3 Wi'.i -*ol&o *-l>*X~J
gradualism gradualisme
rjaJl k_-»«ii
^^Nl j«dl ^_ jl J*iiNI jIj j>«i (^Jil i_j»ill
^Ji>J *WaJb ijf jwUj i>liaj Ol>-^-^lj ^Liil J>ji» Z^-
i j-i>- iJUj Ol^Ju ^-l—l ,Jc- Jj (^iil (£j_jlJI i-jjL*NI
. j^ ilo»-N JUli
grant donation
4^111 L4J^1
<->.>-*-! <£>«* j 1 if*?* u**^ d"i 5* J^ i/
cr 9 -^
.X3I ilplj death grant «UjJl £1*1 : Jlij
GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION
iTiljfamily grant 5JJ1NI i'£l ^educational grant
maternity grant Cy.y\ i%l ^marriage grant^jjN
JJI kiibT grant-in-aid SJIi i '^ 1 : ^^.J
jut; j \^\*y oiiiiuii ji ijrjii i._^>ji \^j
donation *Ia : jjiil
graphic representation representation
graphique f^'j Jl^i^lj CiUUI jfijt
iL-j i-jull JlSLi^lj ^j-jll .Ua^MI J y;>;
^jj 4-^ijSI J5U>JI JJ»«Jj r/^J ry^J^ iJUij S-iji*
. * r MjJ>\ jy)\) Jl^-i^l
jl lC Jjl J>- dJJ-e'
. -.Jl 5ju»- CJlT lil 1c- "^J -uLiil «UI 5jUI (■>)
. Ujfij'j l^^i Jf-j iy-jll 3^*11 (Y)
j. JJU>JI «-t^-l jl il->- OftLiil CJj jiy (T)
f UjSii j, gi .w j. ^i fj-jiij Ji^^i
. i__ji ou^ui f a^i j-,-; (t)
. i.U!l oUl/^lj kjli^UI 4»yw jl£>l («)
JlSCiSfl ^laiw.1 ^jiiB ^11 J»j>!l ,>~ iiUj
^Jl^ll f ^jj ^jUllj JJUJI (.j-j ^iii j.j fj-jllj
Ol^UJ.1 r^jJ ^j-»jj Uj;>^!lj tj-li ^j-JJ JjvJI
. >Jo>^a]lj 0^>«iJ » y» jj *rr^-" fJ-"JJ
iUjiLil JjQl JojLiJI fj-jllj JlCiS/l j^i J.J
rectilineal coordinate charts sl.li£. jjl*i J*
bar and column charts ijyl iJue-^j ityl^lj
statistical JaJl_^JIj pie charts SJJIjJI JlSCilj
miscellaneous graphic tS^-s" J^i^'j maps
pictorial charts £J LJ ^\ ^y>J\ Ji. forms
GRAPHOLOGY
182
J&JI flai-i— I ^>j>j OUI UJ» JJJi j.j fj-Jlj
... jJI *.lai^-l j. ,»!lj
graphology graphologie
ija.txj j 4**-L^ ^je- jjv Ja>dl jl L /'^-* 1 ' A*- ?_}& (^
»jL^l »d.l ^u i»">U)l ^Lal ,!*• JaiJI L.ljJ- »jijj
Jj> J* ^Ull jjj J\ jjlj iiljjllj jjS^U l>>
. it&l
graphs, linear graphiques lineaires
iiijl £jQl OU^j^JI
vy' r^J' < ""fl'* j . *~JUJi ^jflOi (J <«^*j la*- aaJ^
: iJ^fl £l>Sl! Jl UaUl
' (<«^_>l*-jJ qi./i'.II ^Ull Olj ioUl oUj-JI (Y)
' ^r^-iJ^ \ — «j i^pLail jl i^-i' JJ**^' *">*"i b*
3">Uil jl^Vj t i— Lil jjjcll oVa>w ijUL rJj-c^Sj
»*t ^*x»*jj . _,ljill j iatin t jtS"! jl l jdJL_. ,ju
: JSlI J ,*^J*jb\ «-idl ,j*Ua>-
. ^Ul ia>- jl yi^> O^-j; "^ (\)
Jvi>^ I ^jO jlijj Jjj Jfr i_»jj.l iJlyll ^-ij; JC* (Y)
•jUp i^-jj.1 iJljdl iJjlpjJ j^ '«^~ • -la>- ,!*•
gratification gratification £l~£l t .U^Jl - ^
^'IpjII jj»«- j* ^iLJI ikjjlj jj^Jl _^l
f-Li^l ji lS ^i\ JJ^JI i-jx. JLij . «JIJOkVI jl
. jUj^Jlj C-^il *ili
frustration. need : ^1
i^ji <siji3ii- y
. Oi*J> jl A*P ^^ii) ^»*Jb ^U*
gratuity •. Ja\
gratuity pourboire V 1 ^)"
^ J" a* 1 ' u*>; ^ ^J* 11 t5/!" ^ , (^' J*
-4*li ^— ?- (It j»J> 5lilJL« <JLjJ J^«il »">U* *K»Jb
t S^L- J»Uil Jl v'j^"^' Jr** 11 ( " i - b . -*»J .i>JiJl,
. J^UJJ l$j'bl Ijjb »ji ^J J^jJI k__5-Ui! l^xiJij Oij
great numbers, law of loi des grands
nombres ~*jr?& ala*^! djill
probability : J&\
greenbelt ceinture verte y^>-VI »ljsJl
J?«il >i»i>J.L i>J>«J ^-jjj* j' *JI>- ^j' *^»*
o-UM jl SjjUJ.1 OU»i>«il 4jU <^JU«J jl ^y «jU>J
. J.,jt : .ii. \ l J a-*j^U i^jjiJI
^jMI «i» «— i (^-^J- 1 J 1 i"WI OlkUl Jib/j
j-dl 'JajkiC j ULj-I jviUavaVI IJL» »Jio_jj . UjjOJj
ji ijUJI iSkil J«J Jil iJWl i»Lil Jp i'iaJJ
. ^^— !l jl»L« jj- jjJb J^-ll J ( " L -> : " i^-tM ijplwJI
greenbelt ^ii-'^l »l>l iliil £all : Jli j
iJUJI ji iPjjjII ^yij^l ^ iJai iWUil ijxJJtown
t5j^!l j-iil Jy~. "^- <J-^' •■i* r^*j -FiJJ^ ~ aJj ^
. '"j^-^ jail jlSL. ^ i ;U- I,. ~i kl-?-
gregariousness gregarisme
4j«i»dl t MJ>dl J) jll
««»Jlj i^iUil j*J (^JmII Jil >HJJb ij^aill
»UXJI :>; L* y^.j . J^JI ^-ii J- Jjiil Ji>-VI ^
( ^ ,a " "j;^ j' herd-instinct gj»3l •>.> *-Ij
183
GROUP, EXPERIMENTAL
tjUJl jj«^JI £»>JI oJ^j gregarious-instinct
. iiiS/lj
grievance grief *\% \\ t ^^Ji
JLJI »oi j . «-ui jju» jljS j. 3U»JI »op ji JQilL,
^U* JI *kj^i ji J*JI Jjj^t ^^ ^jlS^Ji 5iU
^Uo; -? J»j . Lj^-J 1.J5UI oU^I jiw ^jjl JwJI
i^JJ grievance committee ^JlSill £kJ Jli j
i>JU>_j 1(Zj j — 7 iJjU^j J«jJI OlpjL* (j-a^-i iilSslI
J;> jp grievance handling t£jl<3
.grievance procedure <sjSjA\ l _ r aki olil^i- 1
group groupe it^kll .apU^Ji
J— pUJI J. JaC' ^ pi, jljiSlI j. ip_^£
. jjJI laTj l*jUa*-l L- J_; JJI iJlJJI V'-^J
cf. association, social organization,
crowd, mob, gang, trade union, fraternal
orders, guilds
group, compulsory groupe obligatoire
J J^-J *i jj^j jl Ojj }jb\ LJI ^ij ^Jl ^
OUUA-I j« f-jjl IJla «k*l j*j J^; 1 *i jlji *lj-i ipLjLl
. i-jOlt J^aij S^NI
group, conflict groupe de conflit eljjl i*Uir
J» Jf\ ^jlidlj fljvaJl; ULJLI ajjs iJjU ~i
US" «*£>JJ ^i **) jjilill *■> i»UJLI t-jl,^"» jjUJI
.aJuXill i^l-iL* i ~, U^UopI ^ ^jJu I* IjJS' f-ljJI jl
. OUUa*JI OU-UjM aJU iLi*l /^j
group, congregate groupe rassemble
i«b>Ji ifrU^ji
ijjllS' jjiil l^» iJj*^ Jll ijU^-VI ipUU ^A
l$. .i . : )V . ~ JjSsj -A*j . je-'V-^ * — j_J^*J VS" UJI **& .Jl jl
. j\j*Z*m\i ulj*~ *~" 'l>i-*jlj *Ua£-l *UiiU yt*-*t Ij -•
»a ,j>JJI ilji^J *0»J!j i>«JI J* jOi jsTI Uij
. IaJUopI
group, control groupe de controle
ikiUail 4*j*kll
jlj»^/l j* *t-j^r tl-xJI J=-»^ J ilajUaJI 4Pj«jJlI
ipUi-l ^j:" (^Jt« jUi" 1 ! i—JOf- iiajUtf *">? iJ »-^>^— "
». regular experimental group iiill 4ij=r«2l
. l^-U isj^iJl jjAW jjl jl Sjjdll J^jj-tJl ^J***^
5ji»-Ij <•_!» ijliJI 4-»-Uil j* tjCpLJrl t>^3j
(_^J1 ij^ill >iUl lap Iji U«U1.I j-jj J*- j^La»uj
. <i«i>J i_ ijliall iLaJI ij-0k j» Iajjj'I" jj^j
ijX* Jlj»-^/l ^iAoj J XlajU^JI ic-LJLI jjXJ 0»j
. i_ ij»Jl ipLJ^I ^ jj5cj" jjjjl aljiMl ^j-j; j»
group, formal groupe formel i^jll ii-U^Jl
<^yS^J> jj~*}j l^. jj^U- ,5^ li ^Iji^l /f* ^-j*>T
.J-*NI Jjkj j jljiu-NLi 3jIp *«^JJ ^*Jj** S^-^>^* jv\**j
*kl_!l JJb«j 4pUL.| *i n^ad i£Ji\ J?)\ f^\)
OlitsUI SJb*j US' 4<«J»j JS" J*i j*' V-jU jjll
iijlsj ij-jjjll; <j~^' **^ p ^^i l^' V^j" VJ^'N
... tJI oUUI JjL" iijWj olfLdl tliapl A...L.."
group, experimental groupe experimental
j^ ~*£-y£- tl^xJI J>»U* (J 4_jj»«JI i«-j^>Jil
Sj»IJiJl; iUdl ij^ll £jj,y J.UU Jy.ijjLl il>^l
**jbi l _ r ^»i jl ki-j-UI «ijj (^Jllj ^1j»JI f j-»j*
. . j*wi iiA ^i-
Uv»Jb; jjSi ipj^?»il aJLa jj*- ^1j»JI j^&\ lilj
ik;Ua ^j«Jr Ji "^ «-U>J'V1 ^o iHJil t^^aii Jjx*
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GROUP, INFORMAL
184
group, informal groupe informe
US' iijj«il juULIj Jpl_jiilj jjjiJaJil a*j^i f^J
. o^a " a J& j\ ij& ' » jjSj Ji 1*5 *X* j 1 Ojwaf
group, marginal groupe marginal
J] Jli! J I* j» l*ilj»i ilj»i j!l UlJU j»
(jy^\ju i jC£-\^2 r Ja**^> Jp j_jij>j (JJ-Wj j>-1 (JUj Jl^
jl t U a*^£ (Jp *^j*M jzf ■!»- J' p_Jtr-i <J~i^'
group, primary groupe primaire a2 IjMl &Ukll
tUip^ll LJ-Jiitou ^Jl ojjJwJI 4*UU ctlL" ^
ii_»« face-to-face relationship ip-l^- 3%u
<Jj'>J ' a**^ fr* M . jf^) zyrl J ^j^ J^t
}j£\ oLJli. jjjSj J U- Cui I^JU iJjMI JpLJL.1
jjJj -f_j£- US' <—>\j*ai\j ILiJI ^ *JjX»j Sy\^ _/->U«j
. jyi)l 4_^i«-iJ tA^—Jjil J»_jk>JI ,_y,jSsJ j (3j«*j u^ 1 f
jlki ^'jT ijj,. iJjVI JpULI jftlk. ^1 j.j
i-i»j we-feeling jkJl; jj«iil : ^_j U ^^ai^l J
j* ^Laij in-group iui-l J».|S ^^aiJl j«£
.out-group i^t-j^ 1 «-Uil
group, psychological groupe
psychologique i^Ij^lJl jelwtjt
group, secondary groupe secondaire
AjjJUJI 4*Ui«JI
JjSsj jjiil jljiMI j» j^jT i-Xp Jp 5iU J,...t..'
non-face-to-face ^iUll ^ £>M j* ^~> JUart/l
!»*jpx M fU»-Ml *«c^ «ji ^j relationship
SULi" 4** JpLij j^-'i/l k_JL<t „» zj JT ( _ r t»<u jl Jl
li»j .(^aiiill jl Jl&M yyll J/- irji Jp Ijri^*
cjj=JI ti.^1 ttiJdl : ijitill OULJLI fljJl j.j
ti^« il (j i^^l ObL>j"i/l i j_j^i-l i^L— II
' Oij^ 1 »UpS/I <j* lie Jiiil Ml uJy". M j-i«!li
^ JiS* -L^-ljS^ i^JliJI ap-UJ^I (J aXjLIpj t^^J; j*j
a Cf.s-
ML
y^Li y&j Li^i li r ,a *~
m iiapi
. JpLJ^I L. _^c Jii i— L« Olijl J Loj^»>- »A
OUl^i-l jj* jjjJ j^ J»- Jl jA fUll (^Ijllj
jl »U)I Jiji ijjjl c—^-; *< tS-Ut j-U!L» ti^Ull
(J j /■*-> 4XjL1s»j b^U jjXj o^rwC jl 4AU- ^5 -^pl— ^
Aj y
group, sociological groupe sociologique
group behaviour comportement de groupe
iJaijLI . ^n\j>_ iljil iJjJ— y> i^-LJ^I il_ji — 11
^»ij . 2"^i» *ijl»> JWi/l j jjS'jiijj ^1^-MI
liliL' «;_£ ^t»-MI JpUJI Jp JUII ,/UU iJ>JI
j* 5Jj_a»- J»Lc'l Lu JpUJI IJLik J^U- j»j Jo^a ji-j
J ^Url iJ_>UI JlSLii j^Jij ti^l^MI olcJiJI
•liJMIj -lJUJI jLiilT jy»UL.| iJ_^L. y»lk. Ju»_
.. jji ^p^m oir^ij f u)i ^ijii ^>jj
LS'y* j^ljSsj (j^w tn^**i j^*>^ Cn>- ^ly j/Ij
Jjillj . i-ptJl-l Ol^jJUJ iJ_j^ ^ Jjk; 4J iljiMI
185
jl liUS j^JCj tiiUI AjT^LJI t:\i\s- \f. jiizd JJu
g*Xj Jv- j^_ C\>- J ii\t. 3jH\ oiL (^jjl jjjjl
jl J* .^UU «JjUI J JLllillj ObUll S>c3j
J-lullj SOa-jll jL^> Jl kJ-lf-' ikljifoJI OltLi-l
jljil Jip LjLi j)l Ja-^ill Jl£ii j. l*^j ojllj
. VjIjIj ^IJ-I
group cohesiveness cohesion de groupe
i>«ll Lp-jj ^LijL jUf" jj| j, -£j£\ ^ui-l
l^y^j Uj^Ul ^Liulj LJI .^l I^'UpI jj*ij
Oj^ki ibj; iSL.^ iel^>- Jl ^^ ^jjl iyi\j
group dynamics dynamisme de groupe
4 ieL^JJ iJiil iuUI i—ljjjL ■ ^jjl >Uli
, t JI j^ k>* V; -^V. ^ ' W^kilj L^ULiJ Uy'j g._j&
o-u jji^' JJl iJUil ^Ijtfl Jl J^ji ^ CLS ^i
Cartwright and Zander jTJbj
iju «ji; icUi-l ijSL.L-k) iibi^. o^Ux^l i">C
: a"
.til
i-y-jl^Ojl J* aJN-UJ apUJlI i»Lj »a»w-j j^ ±!U>
.J* aTjjj .V-'jIjIj olcU^I JiJ j^k J^j
C*^' k>* J 5 ' Vr^. gj 11 '^'l* 11 lS-W Oljljill ^Us
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. ie-Ui-l I,.
apL^-I «_.Lo jp jii, ^jji JUI ^Ui^| L.I
j^ljJl ^ ^-l»«i-J ,J!I k__)L.MI ip-j^ji l*jy*l -ki»
GROUP MIND
Oljijllj OlpUi-l ojbl J ojVLI jrk~»«J -Uai i_jj-dl
. iJUVI Oli^Ulj
^ JUf V-'i J* i«.ULI ;_.Lo Jl Jij j, t]Uj
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ipUU y li »^_ Jll yyljjjl Jl J_ r< » J llj 4pUi-l
Ol — -Jtljj lSj 5 "^" oU-LJ-bj jl^iVL. if-U-l ii^Uj
group insurance assurance collective
icU>- Jt jjk.Ull Jl kJj^: Jll jjiJI JlSLii jb-i
Jl kJ^" Jll ij^iJI ^'tll j_,ip kJ^U jljiVI j"
Ltl^l lu»lr I,- i^rkUUll ,J<- jjvUL. olidl 5jlc »_^i;j
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. Ol^il ^ \s*ji-) iJjUJI OLok^i-lj JUxll oLLi
cf. social insurance
group marriage mariage en groupe
i*l*k!l jljj
bw OjS'jCij 5_j>-MI j* «-U-»- jl 4J Jtf r-'j^ll »UiJ
I t» Irl I) idS"j i^-^sjkll jl Ob>-jjJI J* iJs- j
ki-»o juaf U'lj iJ^JJ jjjjl ^L. sy-^l J* jlla;
V-'i t/i iJlillj iJtllj JjS/l ivjjJI j. i.j-JI .LI J^i"
(( CjJ-I 1 <uj£] i_JL JUJI kiU-kS'j t J.'..^.T jpJla^a^
. o'laji iu-ji ji ajuji jiCii j. jSkjji ijl» ^^j
group mind conscience du groupe
tsJJi ^JiJkij 4*.jii .urvi ^u+i Jikli o^i
V Ji"^ ^Ul_« f^i_y ts' j=>«J «-Url i!_>^« J ^~;
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ji i ^U+l JiJI 5/j Jj^ Jo^l axil oij
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oU.Ui-1 •!>- jl JJl! j.) i ^ ^> Jl kjj,:
GROUP MOMENTUM
t>U-UJ ■ilji'^t J*-Uj y LiJJ i^»l_»- ij£_>Lj> Jl /«»->_
Jl iik>«il i^^^/l Oli^UI J*- oyj»- j ■ '.«,:, » ..
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lj»wffj; jl U^-i "if IJU »jl£jlj _j»j . *i Jjm "^ yj
^wJ^ill *Li«ll Jl ^L^l Jill ~»£i SLlJ ,«rjjj
JU Jiij J_j, Jjj ^iTj^sj j_^J Jsb-yr I,- ^li
^L-l .U- v >^aJL11 <jv \£j& l^.»-.»*" (J jj— -J^l <i--t^ill
iyiJI ^L^-^l Jv \jj* ' r**^ (J '.>■**> J**"
. aj^.^'.iII iJ^idJ L.L-1 Ujiiilj
^ -JUil p-JUJI jy^> lS-^1 l^-L^JLI JiJl il£jL.j
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JyL-. J »Jyrj Ol"i JUil IJU o»U jlT \j-j- kiliij
lili i,j~£J>JI Jj-*S"J< ^-iJI 'LJ*- J^J t^-^' jlxll
J_» jj& Uli *-t>-^l »Up jk; *—t>-y ^a>- LX.
lilj (_jU.ll JJUJI »Jb-j ^ ieU-l jl lL„i LJU
LJL. Ji jjxJ Uli ^p-iJI »U1p jki i^»-_x "i/-i»- fc-J-.
C-jJjJI otf'i/lj t ( _ s »JL«il JJUJI 5-Xj-j _j» JjiJI oL L»^i
Jia, \ -Ol (_;l j-jj^l jlji^fl *• jjiiJI J^U; ^j-b
CJb-j ip-LJ^I aixi Mj ip-U^I j*. J_j«f 5J»-j jjiiJI
±>j^S\j i_SL.Lj!l Otf">UJI ii^»j <ci3 i Jjiill _/• Jj«j:
. aL>JI Tc*«J l^« i_juU (Jl SjjlijJ j-s-
group momentum force de groupe apU^JI sjs
<_«.>>JlI «_*I_Jl-I jljii L^JUXw Jl S^l
\5" J^ -£"" (J* <k»^ J! lS^Jjj '*IS" jLSJI j»
. jj./iall ^JoAl j_i_ ai i_^>JJ jl
group performance accomplissement
du groupe Is-f^ 1 j^?"
, 4 * ,/i\ JJI ipLJi-l J>-b JUJI r-UI iHi-b -L*ii
/^ ^y^ flj^-Sol >ul-^all j£ j ^-ll^aJl ,*--jJI jljl ^*J
jSCf OuT ^lili ,>.j ^LJ^I jU'M jL. iJuJI ai-^l
186
jU!l /b ^uT ? U-lil jtri jjSi jl JUJI j. ielJr
ipLi-l JjSj ji. ? ji^l JL-JI Jjr^; «>:. J«WI
^Hlo.j ? ilji^l j. I^JUpI £&1 j^f ,>• i>-WI j^"l
olij^llj J.ljJI (j-U Jjti .jpUrl >f'?l i-ljJ 0J»
i^Jil OlJb-jll JJU- ) ip^r-llj Sj^Ij iJSOl (_j iikiJ>l
l^^iJ Jll OlJb-jll JJU^ ) i_US3lj ( «_^.j SJb-j JT J
... jji («^j so^j jr j j.uii
group spirit esprit de corps apU^JI rjj
. ^Irt-MI J.IS0II j»Ui,
cf. solidarity, team work
group structure structure du groupe
&Um!I eli<
J* jljiSfl Jh j_JI J~i. 1c* ^Url *U J*i
position jfjti _,i status il^ll Sal* ( _ 5 ^_ i L. ^L-i
JUaJ^I jjk Cil J—^iJ tlft» *t~" i^f *^"~i l^-*"
^Li-i jl Hitj ^ J*«li ^jy *niir_, jiji^i ok
jujjj <j J j*>J 4>-l>JI oli i ^L-A-l l^lsU^j i*jli aJIj
. Uiljil O5; oU_jl-II
iUli A.j .i-jlJJIj i^j^ijll u;^^' Jr* ^-L^l 3»UT
( _ r i>j JUaj'l jjt»_> y*- 4jUiJUj iSj^\ J^'J 1 ' J***
. JUTifl ^Li J ^>^l j>> jTIJil
o,U «L ^U Jl ^ij; jll tsy-^l J«ij«!i ,/j
<wil_y> Jl ^jA^JI ij<—i lcr» 'i^-'jl 1 ' •fsaJLfl*- jj
jl ^1 lit OjS^i jl J>i >-^l ^jiuJI Jtf" iSiUill
Jl A^i\ J; jk _/• J*^^ ^«?«->- <JJ>«-^. ^y^'j 5i ^'
. U-iljil Jy Oli^UI U Jb- Jl ji:.-~ ip-U»-
jJJjj tipLJ^I »L *Li Jl ^ijj dJU J»U ic_>
4J -i (_;jjl jl^lli .i^^Mlj o<~UI i~ll _>»j ' *j
jljiMI uv »ji" Jll JUaJNI iSLi fjJ J jljj ie-Ui-l
187
group work travail social avec les
groupes olil^Jl £ JUII
• v o~~. tsJJi <~^ii J uju &i r ^ jr j«f"
group worker travailleur social dans le
group work &l^jl a^. '^li^l
*pLi-l i.o>- jlJU. j J«U LUpj llip _ull ijill
^.A* ^LJr' jLijI j 4^-jl jp i—jll j JjiJ.1 y>j
g}r* lS 1 Cf itLJ r' ^-^ jV- 4 j/ ti 11 </ lM J
growth croissance ^11
*~>f "kjj ^'l^ii >Ulj ^jjdl £^U)I u»*
• 5 ^ sj^ 1 - 1 i-i^ji _^j u/j ur i^jj j^ji
j «lj- j*Jl J. £_^ ^1 Jp jJJa^all Jx iHJiT
>»Jl» development £J3\ Jc- j!4l .J^j
• j^)" ^j i>Ji Siij>u v^i ^ t- Jul-
y cfil social growth '^C^y\ yJi\ : Jlij
. Sjjill itlrt-VI J.lc'^1 £ jii U a^iJI olr-
o-U.1 «L j ^1 urban growth ^_ r i*JI ^L3lj
. \jj&- iiia^ j jlSLjl oiLj jl
j*. iiMol) adaptive growth ^Sl\ ^
GUERILLA
guard, national garde nationale^J>jll ^JmH
j'jk u> J >=!- (H* guardsmen ^-^i ^>>- Ui
guardian tuteur "JJII i^jll
a**J l^ail;, U»\| oili jl ^,U!l jp j.i^- ,
. *saJUJI -tT» a'. I 4»_yU-j <Jlj<l ^;Jj j iU-jIlj iiL«Jli i^ai^i,
legal guardian u^i j^ jl ui ^\j
i wai^JI Jlj^VI iS^. 4^u- j\ jO-Ij ^.Sfir
< -rf-j ^ — iiw jl dative guardian
.testamentary guardian
a— jL^JI C j'j\ : £>-JyjjLJSl\ j Jl_ij
u — • J >" ls**"" ii" cljj" guardian spirit
ji r t>uvi ebu ^ i^ji y*. jtycjj jj^iJi ob^.
. JLiJI
guardianship tutelle
i^jll tiuijjl
il&~ 6iJ* {/■ o-j^.J ^r^' iU>J Jj\i »Ui;
^Ul ALijCj aJI_^I Sjblj ^lill i^La. Jp j^J) ^aj
. •Uill
administrative guardianship i'jl^' ^Lijllj
^U*il Jfr jj)U!l Uj^i ^1 OlkUl iPj-tf ,Jk
i»JUall iU>- XAi «iL*lj ijT^.>UI OlLil »Uapi
. ^UJI
jp iijjji i^>- ^i iuji jpj a»Sii ,>iu j*.
. i^»UJI Olsj^iil
guerilla guerilla
obLoAil
5^^^ ola?-j ib« iJjj j 4_, .ji" ^a)l JiiSJI
fUilL i_*JI i.jUi.1 jp 1^.; ^^iJi i^i,, j> ili_
GUIDANCE
188
guidance consultation d'orientation
4«b'« bj$>- /^ i .'^ "" 4-*-iju ajUp jl ^a.J. » .~ ^Uzj
jii U qw J If J (H^A- JjJju, aljiM Jf jJtlJ
child Juk^l jlijl sSG- : Jlij .(i-«*^f <-».>jl»j
mar- il»- jjjl »l^Jl jUjI «£*• j guidance clinic
riage guidance clinic
guidance, educational orientation
pedagogique 4y-J^ **">"
jj»dj Jilj -A iwtsdl i-ljjJI £> jt^-l J iJUIj
. »U- 4^-_£ iw-j-Ul «L>dl J ~l^lj.3 <J
: ^»j |_5_j< j3l 4^-j^J i— Jt i«U- iJaJUsj kij!>U iJliAj
ji iiie- CJlT »!_,«. i»ljj)l J 7-UJI Jl iajll
J^i Uj J-JI JI Jj^llj i-ljJJI J jl>^ll (T)
. oU&l j. iJT J Jy-UJ ji oUjjJl ^ i-lj-J
,-UJI ^liJJb iUdl J-ljJtj i-ljJJI J £_M (V)
. oljl^il ji Obl-Uu-Ml J
guidance, vocational orientation pro-
fessionnelle jj-sfe' ^J* 1
Af- Jyill iijU* 4.L* _}* J" 1 ^' »L«f (i^il V!"^'
Uijlj Ifj j-UxJI J Ji& _j>«j J* t 1,-i »U£JI J*-j
: *,} iUlSoll il./i:ll
J_^ j. 3 >ll cSJ-J U ^U J* V J 1 ^ 1 (^)
t ^_ lOAj ijl^il 4i4il J* ^.j-Ullj jIJpMI (T)
JwJ! oMUxf. a»UM iJJai li*j i^il JUJMI (D
JUJ^I J* a>ll ljl« JfUj,j 5jL>J>l iil^il
•V.
<U;yw jl JjJ^J JJ^J jXj f-A* ,j« '* :; *' J*
. <£«■* J Jj3l J^ sOpUj" ^!l JjlaJl;
guild socialism socialisme corporatif
J 'j^ 1 J syndicalism oliJl JlS^il a»-i
guild ^jJlIJI ^liuJI 5j>w iJLUJJ JUJI o>ai JJIji
^.Jbiij . ^a* y il*U olT ^JJi system
. i.J_ii!l 5j j»Jl fllaj ^yj »-Afr Ijljj dj; V._^*"' <J
^iil _yk »^>JlI j! oUJI iTIjtlNI jU;i Ji~j
jp jjJUr-ijIl^ib aij Sj^ JoJTilySlI ^j UJil Lyi
jlT ^Jil ~iJil i-Jtf- *Jji— J»*^ oj^. 5 jj2I iJ^ul
olill ^TljU.^! SiU ^iia; ^-3j .5jj3l aJOb J L-
JIJJI f&Jl Ufc JUJI >. o\ > jyrSlI (.It .Ull
. «^»«ll J iji'ltjil OLkil Jl «* OjUJl; jJiJI »-i*
ip-L»a!l ijli^ 'jiu ji i— jf. iJj-Al' jl lS>
guild system systeme des corporations
'^UaH »lkll
i_^aJI ^ OliiUI Ji^L; fji (^i)l ii'UaJI j^i \^j>.
. (( Oljk-Mlj I) (jjjpl—llj
189 GYPSY
Jl> (1UII .Uji pli*, J UJIi .IkJI li* jlTj ^ U l3_c" 5>rS/l iJoJI U>[,J\ J ^jLi^_Jj
i^L^Ji ijjil 4_Lp o*i» j>. jbj Ja^.J\ djji\ ^jUJ^Ij physical exercises v-^' oLoj^ll
. iJbr-lJlj .athletics ^yb\ ^Ul_, sports w-L, JI
J*- ^.0! guild spirit il^ 1 £p' : JU '--' V-^'^J ls ' V-^ 1 ^J 1 ^ £>> 5a * iJUj
.L-tJl j^ jll «*L*J] jlySll . ,-t- V-^ 1 *^Jl> corrective gymnastics i^M^l
,.* n „„.,„.~i„„ ■ *• .remedial gymnastics i^-iUl
cf. economic organization, journeymen, M
guild socialism ^L-^i NU J ^-Ul U,lJ\ ^yj IS
. ,j>ji\ IJU. i.j5UI ola«ll Uj _>>J gymnasium
guilt peche, culpabilite J^l .wJoJl
. I^°*J jl LiiJb- l±£>dl j p-j
gynecocracy gynecocratie tCJl Jsi-
jyill jyJ^ (^1 sense of guilt ^Nl jj*i!l JU.j
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human relations relations humaines
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. 4*t?l>- Oljjui
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i^jil J SjIp oIpjII jTjSj .Ij^S" Ijcof jjSjj J^J
j-i Jl oIpLJ^I oJla jk^ij Jij ,l ; ./ill j J>-j «^_ilj
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. jjjL^II Oli^s j* LJ jljJjillj ^.j^yjl jl ji-
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olj^JI J*- »><!1 jH*^" u^ i**^"'^ J) J.A—' ^ri- 3
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husbandry agronomie **0j" u*
jL-JNI ^Jl ioUia^l t_JUNIj OpIjjIIj jlliJI 4Pj^
HYBRID
«-»^o iikdl i^-jjll 0">^£iil J=- J V. »l-fc»^ O^f.
JL-» j^l J* Jj-^>JJ ypljjil j-liMI J.Ijp J*ii-lj
. J;>!l JuSlI J oJl&ll j- j& U Jil j&r J^
animal husbandry oUlj^JI ij^" : Jlij
hybrid hybride 0$' -k^**
. jiS"l jl i-Jljj if (^ ijdifc >UJJjj iih>^«
hygiene hygiene
iiwill Jail?- J*
ilijllj to^all Jii»«j jUj U J& JjJI IJL» ~
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tjl personal hygiene Ca^ll iiwJI : Jlij
social hygiene £*tli-VI ik^JI ■ Jli US'
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. iX»Ljl l y»' J r* < ^' i>jlx»j
hypergamy hypergamie Jt*5ll olikll j* Hjj! 1
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c Ijj!I U C L jflj .J»\ UJ. al>i Jb-i j- jrljjil j-
. Je-I iii» j» jl ijfr^MI LUi> aljil j»
hypnotism hypnotisme "—iuill J>3l
204
oyklii* ^yxu J ^^—iail »jJI IjLol *_ij 4>U l!j>-
ij hypnoanalysis ^.j^ 1 J^" J^.j
J**l (Jl J^a; M j»j w j^il «-L?l (^-jiJI J-UJl pUill *;
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iL-j j»j hypnotherapy i^jj^ 1 £. - lj
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.iu iiU^Li «iliij . ( e-iil r^«" *^ OlijJil ( _^u
. ii-jJI iJUiMi OUJUill <_--; Cif ^\ O^jTiJI
hypochondria hypocondrie ijfiP (»*y
. ^jji ^^i ^o) ^ij-jiij jiaij ^ u_» ji.
. , ■/•U jlfJt-l i*»l>-j ^jJlfeji —JlI .Lfltl »LJ
hypothesis hypothese j^y"
assumption : Ja;l
hysteria hysterie
tjsL$\
j^-l i ya^nt^t J?*~>
t, iiU>u" ,JI
jii ^uji f jji j. au.
Uji OlST jl j»j »jdl ja »Uo^ll Jjj SjIjj; j.«.Cj
iSy*** kii^iij JJI-U>-jil 4o^t!l tjoo^j (^UiiMl i_.U:llj
Ol—jpjilj SjpLiJI Oljjl (j« ?\j^ J^ ^— iJ • J^*-J'
ij^'j*' JJ*^ ti' C-^!l lift cf^jiJ ^>.~' ijjui^UI
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id le ca £\ t ^i
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.super ego LUlltNlj ego Vi\ \ Jx\
ideal type type ideal ^Jlill £J>vJl ji °Ja3
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i J_)jUil 4Jp ^^jp C.L.I jjSj jSC) <_ij iio-Ul
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»b ^i^Jlj . JpUI VJlI gjjUll .L^tAI j}l>j
iJlill rif J* I' j^» » J** J ' Sj£»T J*>^i Jap
jij 4 ^iljll iUJI j^ii ji L^^U j, ^kuJ JJUj ^
^\ irtljll ojljll ^JCS^j 4 cJjj ,1^1 C_»J li^-UI
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i i£j£) il^JI i_>-U jj^j Jldl r-ij-^' Irt
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« ^jUa»ni juni » ijui ^jyi at.i
£~»-il b j t (W.I j**^! i) j 1 jei-UI jUJ^I i) j
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Jp cU JUII OUa^NIi stereotype «x.liJI
Idealism idealisme &&\
j-ijjjuii 1 sum ^y ij^ Ci> j,«.'j i_j» »un
jl ^SlpJI aaJo^JI j* jSviil jl Jiull jl tjj ^1 JJiJIj
^jUJi ^l-jj trijii ji ^ . iir » <jti
Ji>J) (J>-IjJI «^-" w^i 3*^*" j' (i** - **' ^^-'j
. jv^iJl oLUJj
j^* 'J' c5>j 11 Jails' i] iJli" » J^» AJIi* JiJj
LwJj 1^«_^a« j^p S^Uw »L£*jl *j>-J jlr^l (U*«i-J.l
jwuT ij^\ Jl >Jl .LiNlj JUI iJb' jUI Jp
. i-»L.I SjSCi ^jp
social idealism ^U^-N! ilMI : Jli,
-*UUJ LaJi. ^Ic^NI *U»JI jjj»j j jT^_ ,^ill «Ui!)U
. UUil
Identification identification x-'yi\ 4 4AUalil
jl (Jjl — >uj 4pU^- <«^a>w ^ jl 4 *» OUiil Jfljljj
Jl (^^Jj LjC iijjxi- N i^^Ja; ^iJ *J"*- > *i -^~* l»-i»w
t^^JI lf*~>>- "CU^a r-ij^JI IJLa ^ ^j.aiiiil i>-lj jl
IDENTITY
identity identite i^\ - \
Jil o\(Jl j-j personal identity il^^ 1
ilUjIj J-Jlj *~-^. i-lj <-MI m-^v s jljiMI jj;*
. . . jjl i^ilj iX'W!
^rjzjs }jiti\ Ijufi oLol ,U- S^U- ^Ijill jj^Jj
jjAll JilkJl oJ> opLjj identity card *~<a»«i iU^
. cwii^i oL'l kJUal Jll 0I4J1-I « iikiJ.1 «;%U. J
psychological identity «!»-_,! j£Lj I v'-^ 1 u '
jjSO J»j i^-j^>_^« jl iJlj jj& -U» ip.il>- Olj;/ l$ii
principle of ijAI Iju* : jkil J Jli j
. j* U j* jl «jli j* ^j 1 ^' <J' *; -Uoij identity
^j or-jll oNNju-NIj f l£-Sll J* Li I li* ^^j
oljp Uj .^1 ^ Jaiii ^i Jp u^J*" l "^. ^ ^
. 4J ^j-J U t^i-U OU-^aJ N jlj
«J?-^I - Y
JUj jli I U fi~0Jt <jl>W Igj jO I jl ^wJ« 4jlw
. fj^tfjllj >- ■■■■Hj »^a>Jl o-X>-j OjiUJI ^jU-01 ^j
ideography ideographie
l^JiA \jyj »0>^_j i^_<i!l 4x111 <-t)^S JJljj-jjJbMI
«isli.j ij"_^ ^->jj>- J* "^ G 1 ^*' j' ^^ ''r*' J^'
. i _^£il OLi£JI jjSo lpi«-j J-AJ
ideology ideologie ^jlji^i?'
. iwta 4jL*aj I^Up J^ajj ^j^llj A*-**ilj
ideographic discipline discipline ideographique
206
i iJ ^Jci\ i__-»jJLil l*LL^.j . (~jL_JIT «Sl_ijll
i.Uil ^Ijill jt ki-»^ili <r gj 11 nomothetic
Idol idole
j tUjjJl o-^*J j-L»f jl
cr*
Jtc
JlJJ
idolatry jUjMI 5jU : ^1
Idolatry idolatrie o^ 1 «>rf
J)l idols jCj\/l _^J j>1I V. f>. ii" u-^ 11
l^ I Jiojj OLJ^I jl jljjsJl »jj^» Jf- ( «w>j" If' I J
Jij .SjLjJI (j-jit Lj^L.1 ti-sjj ix-UI liji Oli ^i»
jlTj UNI ^>J i«#l>- iji j>. JlxJI jUJ)ll JlT
anthropomor- jC^l *li^l ill' j^ *»^' o^ j*
jUviSlI ji jUs-^l J iyiJl oU c^^phism
. i-JLi. lji«u^ ^•i'.J
paganism iijil : ^kil
illegitimacy illegitimite aIp^SUI •^f^ 1 f-^-
,«lk*ill Ii* jUa; j . 0>Uil ^1^-1 m Jii M U j*
: JLij e^j^ > J-Ollj ^ JjijLI Ji"' t> «l*
illegitimate children service tillil oli°o^-
. tail oii. iUjll JUpM
llllcltness caractere illicite
^_50lj illicit cohabitation **js^\ jf-
.illicit trade ijjli>>il ijUJIj illicit gain^j^il ji-
illegitimacy : ]*>\
Illiteracy analphabetisme ^Sll
itS i)l ii^jw l^LUiJj 1 iUSJI jl i*\j£s\ ityw ?J&
207
IMMIGRATION
5.1^1 lJj* griJ! ^^Jlj . literate
semi-literate '^1 o ijr __ «, \&\ j,^ v ^
LUSOlj
Illness, social aspects of aspect social
de la maladie j,'^ '^Oa^l £&
J* 1^4-1 j»«p l ___j 4>wJI Jsl^l y, ^^.1
J^IjJL jJb Ail IS ij^JjSL^j io-jjj <L>-_ ) l_j ; _i JJU^"
UJ» Ji jl jbji Ji •jjni jl Jp iLi>JJ OlipLiU
jjjjiu jj^^illj JUJli i^J.1 LJI ^_ Jll i_JU
J*—* u^.^- 11 a* ^ *i-J ^-a»j <;)» u^^ 1 J?i
II» ibjjj .<t_i <u_j£ 4,|p»l Jl ^jUJI iui **t*i
jiuir ^j.i L j_ r ^. ur t i.x^. jr j r t»vi
. jLxkJI j>J
Illusion illusion fljjj^l
^ M JILi. oULW jjfc ji jaJi JU u j*
normal ^j&i ^lajJ^l ^ ^1 *U* j^j
o»- Jl J** ^JUi abnormal ^i^ii flajj^lj
hallucination C^Lil
Image image i^ajjl &liftl t«j£j»li
pijj .L1MI j- U jl U .^ ^ ^^i j^a;
^"^ ls** V^ 1 ^^j-^1 |^»U Jp (.ji jj^jII jl
jv—i; jU UT i j>-MI ^j^uJI ,jiwo !,_; OlS^jJ.! yslk.
S^iUI OlTjOil ^Ul Jp ijjjjai^ Ojjviil »ji Vj
^y"; j . *JiJ jl c«j*JU jl ij«jf" jl i^y> jjXJ Jit Sjj^aJlj
jjjSj (_5 LJb i«^« iilil jli ij_^<ail f'ji /^- jlaJI
,> fji jll ijUVi olTjjJ.1 JSo; iJll jV c5j_^aJi
^TX" Jc- j*L_J ^11 Jj'L.jiL; jyiJI jjjj'j ijj^i\ l^.L.1
. olTjjJ.1 oi*
Imagination imagination JLjJI
i^—>ij 4~*9u! Ol^oJI ^ APj^v,! OjJc>- ^liJ il*P
iitiJ.1 Oli^UII j» jyS" l^L; iSL.^ a,L..L.^» ,««j>J
constructive ^JLL'i J->J : i>ji Jp J^lj
s^UJl «;">^SLl. J»- jJp jyjjl »jpl •j »UI Jl ^^j
jUVl jjuj j destructive »lail Je«3lj c iLt-il ji
. *-U Jp jJJi J^i .UjVI (Up Jl jSlbJI jllf jp
Imbecility imbecillite iw^Jl
Aj'lS'i i>-jJ T-j'jij LLoP- Lai JUj (_^jjl JyjJI ii^a
,_SJJI Jilail *lS"i JjIoj L> ,liJI o^p iL jl o >j Yo ^
i ->j jl aJ=^~ ; V *1jNIj 0[^_- Vj r i-~ *~" r jL^i
. <JL>- ,Jf- ilaiU.il rJo^ i <^Jj iijj
Imitation imitation 5ll"U«il
jl tjl j>-l Jl L/ oi>-i j« i- — iJI ysljlaJI Jliil
ipjl CJIT lilj .j«!l il_^U o\fi j-U jb 5ITUJI
ijpjil CJlT lilj ib^ai* -UiJI jIT "iorjj^ J_liJI J
. i_wii' ji- J_LiJI jlS" «jjj«i V jl i>^ j*> ji-
Immaterlallsm immaterialisme ^ilOUl oaIu
^iij ajU.1 ij»-j j£o ,_JjiJI JT^; i »Jl- Jp jlk;
jj?-j).l Jj>-j jl jju JS'j, jl dUi i jUbVI Jp jj>.j!l
ijijii j-j^—ii j. jir aj cijjjb ^ ji ijjjb ji ^
immigration immigration eail^il i'j*^\
4_; i_«ltNI >J>Jy. jsil jjj J jljiMl Jj>-J ^»
lf«-lij J>- iJjJjJ jS3j i»-L. ij^il «i* jl Jv»Vlj
IMMOBILITY 208
emigration i^jbjl 5j»»il : Ja\ yill eSyj jjJI <£>» ji fkk M il^ 5L»JI Lj
«:>jf£ yj j_ji jl Jyill <>.Ja T ...j V tf'ydl »JJ> J
Immobility immobilite ... .' . • , >-, , . ,. .,
te-\>^i jJA\ LUj Jl <> : Ja T ...j "OJj UJb-j 4v»bJI
jo^ij; iijUi. aj ijljll &yi\ cjIT lilj iiJj»o i>* r*^ 1 J* *!• '-^J ' "->*£ ViJ ''/"^
JT J ji US' tljjly j^L. JT ^ kDJJj jjljJL - 1 — » ^"^ ' V "'"W" (_r~. I 1 ^ jV»
. UjSL- jjiy ' •>— ; c»f~»i g>-i)i >_..,v.ll IJL_» J^ii c ; .. '!? 'i
immobility of labour JU*il !_,_,. .a* Ju, j J! L-r. £*'>'-> i^"" 0* W: iS^ iL-pj ^
. jjUlI ^wi jrui ji ^ juji jjjj t^ ^i ^j •'> '' ' c^ 1 ^ *M <ss-
social immobility ^^Nl jjJrl : Jx\
Ul
Immunity immunite iiUa^Jl
Immorality immorality j^_ill i jjiUJI
jJ* j. ^'Lipjr iJ/w ji f ijdi j, >\fi\ »Lipi
SaJUl fUi.NI §i ii"5U\l «Jl iJdte U IT
d J ' - r ^ - ^ . ijui ji ijuai jjui j ^ i.uii opi^ji
<A* pi^Jl j& N U j»j non-moral , ,j->uS/l J**-" ii" ^^W^ 1 i5-^! (/ vM i^^'j
oLy-Il j_k; ^jU- ^i j->ui ^ ji j->ui *;L J <^j » b i J* <; ^ ^J^ 1 ^iJ^ 1 ^M 1 ^
iiUJI • iJUiillj IJuidl (jcikLJI if>-l_y J J^Ui-NI j* y>-
Immortality immortalite ijlkll ^U^i^l ^^~ »^ 1 V-. •*"**. V 1 ^-^ 1 iU^JIj
iJirJ ai*. jUli .u ju, ^i .u, ^ .jwi ^^ •*■■ ^-^ «?' ^' ^ tUa!l ^ ^ ol ^' jI
, ., . , ... _ i^S/l Jj^l (>f OjL-ii 'V>j _> *UjMI «JU j
. ^ Iju y. I j 45 jO«j - ' - i
. L. i_»jULI iJjOil OtLilj
tjJJI jftJiil 5bi jl fjU- -Jul jl j_,JUll ^j
Uo tOjll a* jftiil ^ ji jSo:_ *;!_, la> *£L, k 1 ^".^ inviolability i.^ ^UjLail ^ j
jSO:. Nj o^lj cjj J jaJJIj -Jul ,Ui Jj^^JJI ^ • ^ 3le (5^' iX ti! C^" <i" i - U;,J, ^' ^^
. Ojll 0<o byj jl
Impartiality impartiality iU^Jl
i)U»Jl iL_JI jl tijw «U"N jl i^lj j^JI fJ*
J Ojll a~ j_^_ 3 I>SII ji ^ j ^jIjJI ijWI - \ _ ^^ jV ^! J j^ ^^
.iibkil JU-S/I J">U ^jU^i .Loij ^'Loi ^Lkii
j_^-j jl>^l j«j ^^Nl »lill ji j^l^l j>JI - Y
•^'U-UjIj »*j*\ oljjTi J Ojll o«u jlyMl
»* oUaiJI ^1 «^^JJ jj*-ii j,j\\ jly^lj impartiality of civil service Call iijjJI jG-j
impartiality of adminis- sJlSNI jG- : Jli j
tration
209
imperatives of culture imperatifs cul-
turels iiliiil ^jJs*
ft^~" J" - x ij' ^! *£*$ *» 1 ^ 1 J*-^ ilW cSj»
imperception imperception ^^)" -^
Jl vrjWi i__^Ji ol^l l^i &$ N j!l iju-jl
perception Jljjl : _Jil
imperialism imperialisme ^r^'
j iJl>OU d^-^JI j£ill LI . ijoU ol_^v_.j
i-j-^-* kl— >- t l~"L_" ( _ rc )_j ^.sLaali ^l^liMI f_rtJil
J%u-I, iJjS/l jljll jlS^lj JU.I ^Ij 5>_- jlJli.1 Jl
impersonal relationship relation im-
personnelle ;' /iV'-yi' 4ISU1
,^- o^-^" ^ J*>J iitUI ^ iJUJL iJ^I i*t=r^l
J* Jj_; U5" . l_,j iJj^J.1 ij^i^i j. J_i^ v_jU-
^J 1 -^' Jll i^l^MI ol»>U)l JU j^j .syiUI j^pj
*Xy oj^-- "^.jj ">5t>Uj jt ul—i^ll Jje- iwai^l^UL
. jLJLV^I
impressionism impressionnisme
jiliill ,_ra«j (_$jj ^lt «_-Ul j^SJI J OjL. ifrji
1 ȣ>JI j\ ( y*}\ J*. b) T a^_ jjjll jUJIj ^tS3l_>
JiJI IpL-f ilol—NI j>5 ii^U.1 ^-'L-lJaiN Uij
jij~aJI ji j L<ajLa>- j^j 1 "j>Jil j^l Jplji jl
IMPULSION
:L^
■ J'^i J
ju«j t J^*« t 4-J fc* )
( V^ 4
Imprisonment emprisonnement w r4'«"
«j— I- 4-U- »So- i^JJI >J^-' f-Jjj l)\j ^aJu ijjie-
SjU- jjUw Yj UyUIl l,~l«- ^aj Jl Sail J>— )' ijiJI
ol U...W ij*^A\ iLJjll C^J kiUij . ol_^ i*
. r lk!l Jt ^jWI
jail : ^1
Impulse impulsion
i\Ji\
ftUl
i«j»Ml «ibj t^-Jr' /"•'Jl'j fj^-^" ^* ^J 1 -^ 1
• *ciJ^' jy'-i ^^ Sjla-— Jl ;£jlx!l JyiU ^£_)
jA^\ e^Uall ji LUp ejiUai jl>Sll ji Jc
. iiUiJJ
•iljJL J^^aij i*«x>^j 4j^JaJ (Jl /**'j-^l ?—&}
JC >j&\ Jl Jiw ^jjl c£Ji>JI ji ijjjll ji ^>ill
. Jb-lj)l C-jJI jlyl *~<*>- (jru IS'^CJL* UjXjJ ^aJIjjSI ^ji?
;ti
j^iJI ^jjJ Jj^.j ' : ^l ,«»
Ul L.I
ijP^j^MI jl j.« : lill i-ib 4JUoJl j^ il.n.'.T iiL>K splj^-i
. OUU^Ij od.l_yJI JjjSj Jl. 4 lUI JUU.J
impulsion : ^lijl
impulsion impulsion MiJJ^I
social impulsion ' Lrf ll>- , ill flix^lj . J»LsJl
INABILITY
inability incapacity
disability : jli;l
Inadaptability incapacity de s'adapter
jp i-U<- jl SJJj cjL—I (Jl m^jj (^iil j>u«)l *!U-
. IA f)~&>- _>l L^« cjUt-Jl jl iiJI J^j (j'jJ*-
. L$* _jl l~»jJL« jl ClJW oi^JI jt _j»«j«!I j_jSL Jij
Incantation incantation xX}\ tjoJj^ji
j»-LJI U^k. jjll SjJmII i_jiiil «~*»)lj OljUJI ^»
3ji]^ j>x~j\ jlSjl ~a! ^ j^*jj .Lp^p^-- IjJI i^»J>fcd
C-^xj iJiiUI L.'.V..,^ J t^»^» Ojjll liiL'j . 4J iiUJl
. LLlf-li UjiLj l^«-i» j* jiu Lj JiJ* J»l OJ
Incapacity incapacity jj«Jl . ijlull »a* - \
disability : ja\
4*1/1 f J* - T
Incarnation incarnation uLm3i - \
jl <£/•—!! i**-^"' ^"r^ *<e-^ *Ua*-l J_^>«JIj , >,<xai
j)Uji-t
. Or ji C> J>JI JJ&. ji j&j . iy_]l
Incentive stimulant jsliJ(
4-J.I jl i^pUl (j-iiil »ip J « jiUJI » iUSy , > ,<xa.
210
yj; jli- Ji o-UJl (^ijij motives v'-*-^ it»l — j
. ifpLil J«. JwJL; ojjlll J) ,_5>Ji jil^Jl «*-^_ tension
4.JU-JI ^L-^ 1 J» fi'jjM j' j'LH 1 * ^JJj
_'l»lf'l iJbJj ^LJI iljL. «*-y (^Jl yjji . JL-iNI iJ^-U
lij^-j t l^^^ay-j Nj-^i i U<w» jl »J-i J» l_j>JI \Jtb£j
ilSilj ^Ijllj io^ilj U -J r lj jJI cJ*A^-l Uop ji
Incentives, production stimulants de
production £.l3)H jjly-
JUJI d^J ijb)/l l^JiwJ JII iikiJJ JiUjll ^"j
jl jJ^-^j <iJl>J i _ ) aJi>-j r-^V *^^j (J^ - ,« ^ W : J ^-^J
.SUijll cJI-LaI jj^i^j j>~\j
lit I OjSi Ji UJLiJ iijk ^
0*-> "i-^*" ->'
J' "-i
Incest inceste • jlkll fUr
OiJJI^jliNI^ ^ ^Ijjll ji «_JLI ii^JI .Li
JUiJ . 4pLwi-l jJliJ LiJs iij'j -^U; ijl^ill ii^WI J_jXj*
^j^l ^ LjijpcS' incest taboo «SC«ll »J» * j !.^3,
fornication ^^V ^-r '■ ]^
adultery lljjl
incident incident 0&ty\
t tL»-i «i J_i ^Jil t^jUall jl ^yJI ^ibJI
ji <iilj»-l 5Jp ,j*~ij oJ» ji <J ilxiil jf- ■Jsk£-_)
income revenu J^^ 1
211 INDEMNITY
J^oJI Jp j^ill J-^.j t S:>-1>^ «x.j 3^ JT il^." Ix» j. 4^ J>\ i^\^>j\ >U«il j- >^
jp ijU i)WI ,x» j J^jJI j^ JHI ^ij- ^ • (1> cr^ 1
jl <^U* iUJ Vjy jp ij> c Lji ji jjijj inconsistency inconsistance ^Cfcll t u dQ\
J J>-all JUi b»_, ijx jl u*i jir ^ jUJl - y consistence jiijji ^^ _,»_, j^i .^
o>o- 0UUII £jx;_, t ^U;Nlj j_,»-Nlj 0UJ1I j^ !i ! ijU. jjSJ o'Uiill oWoJi j. ipj^lli
^ J^»h t?-ill ^H' J 1 -^ 1 y i/"^ 1 J^l> incorrigibility incorrigibilite £?*^Sll 4^Lkl »J*
iyd\ ^1 iJl^iil S^JI Jl jij J^| J^uilj v"^. o?" Jl"*^ 1 C*J £jXJ 1/ «j -&»dl J& N
„ . . ^lx~NI i&«
income, national revenu national ^^" J*^
incurability incurability *Uil) aI-UJI »xj
... „ .. .„ u^y& lit >«JI ,jil« , k- Jwa>JI incurable
. v»L^»)l Jjl_yillj t^ l> ^
ir^ 1 ^s% *~^\ fills' v^^ 1 J *iiiU sbuyi
^yi\ ^UaNI ^Upj Sj^i l^aJj jii «uil ^1
. ipl^NI OL-.UI
Indebtedness endettement 4;^'
. i»_jU« 4J^.j 5ji J^U- J»- »jll J» 1— ijllall ,j;Jllj 4 bX« J^iJI jjT iJU-
jUo\i Jjio uxp ^i j^oji jjiy js^jj ^ vj^ 1 u;-* 11 Ji^.-* ' ^ji' v^- 1 -* y-> *J* •>>
' C^l J jUv.NI > j^-NI ,lj jl A j^\j ■ credit J V^ 1 us-*" *>'
^^-li ^ j^oii ^j^ jitji ji sipx. iiii jir j«ji au j j^aii juji j_,»-i j^iiii ,^^j
o^S/ j^mi jp j^ni 3 ij yi . ^ ^jji j^yi j^ji jyt ^jji jaiij ^S/i j. i_« i_j j,j*i yp
• J^- 111 i£J~*. ^li^'NI Jl SjLjII oX» . Up
Income security garantie de moyens Indemnity indemnite olJlSil 4 ^juyeb
d'existence J^oll OUi ,. ., . ,,„ . ... . ,,
a xi» IjI tU-j ^ ^ju- ^ Up ^jLI ^^ ^Ui; accident J^JI ii^.1 jp _,! service indemnity
INDEPENDENCE
.damage indemnity J-<cJl J-*"!' j* jl indemnity
Independence independance J}Uil£|i
jjj\ J^Ju" j* ,5jU«-^l jl i^-UI l/^"-^ 1 «;>•-
l^c* ^ iljjjl J^iu»l i£>Ixj ij^LJI ij-UI ^yj
I^Jil J»"' J iljiMl *j 4^-ly jUaL. j,. IA U (^1 SjLJI
indeterminism indeterminisme jL^-VI y_alu
J>JLj LJta *ii N *J-ol_pJI jl Jji 1— i» i_jb-L*
»_^jll j&j US' 4 i>^JIj >_,...,ll Oli">UI /wi£ Oil
j*ljli)l <u» jUj i*"'* J— > jP ojLp ll«!l jl J_ji (_S-i3l
j^l jlSv^l jLJ^/l jJko l^i jU>-MI i »Jb« cSjiJ
«ib <^l jib jl jjj J->jJI j^- j\z£ jl jl J^«j jl
autonomy Jb jSOii-l : Jil\
determinism ilJ-iJl <_i!£
Index number nombre indice 'lt?^ 1 (•f? 1
j t5 JI ^ydl *Las-M J i/-^ 1 (^J 1 £-»_*
SjU- ^Litl U* f-^^-iJ ' kl*«JI /w»j* 5j*Uiil ^i
iljlii Jj^ jp -ill j< SJiw «£j-*J. fUl al/MI t/'Li'
5j5 j Ulji~c 4*jU« 4-l<j Olji (^ -ill »A* <£jr~"
^Jdl ( _ s J* jjd\ ^Li! f-*>>~: J^! is"^ P*)^
Ja^\ i j0*> £-** S^blli Ob^,** «i (Jp C-ijJI jjj£ t lya^
-i j ( _ ? -JI j«<dl ijUij i jJcil IJU iilljil iJI jp
UK j' j*"'j jlSv^ jj« jl (5j>-lj iji Cjv jj>J Ob^i*
. i£j*-\} Ob^i* 4fry*£
212
Indifference curve courbe d'impartialite
F.Y.Edgeworth « ^Ul j*j*. » SjU £U>
^Xil <wijil J* J-U) jl^aaMI jlJU. J >1— 0»w»lj
ijijl tSjL-S oUoiJIj «LJI j> v-y*- Jix J»liJ
»Up 1^.0^0-ij ^J>il ^1^-11 tjaJ I^Ip Jj-aaJl J
. jj.1 Ij* l _ r i^, jS3j Ijjl ^l
Indigence indigence jj^Jl . _^ail ^jllill
dependency : ja\
Individual differences differences in-
dividuelles * J .^ 1 «3j>>"
i*.^# il jljil ui^Ai^l *;J>i!l jj^^ Jjvajtl
^ai^j) OLi^aJI j^ ii^» jl 0\f-JI j* '*£" il J m^i \e»
>\jyi *__£!! SUJI J Jj^i>l 'Jb-I i«~l» JbJ^ - - \
. oUlJrl ji
. itJI J jl i'ljjll J J^ljoJI »-i* CJlT tl_^-
iiJaJI OljU>-^l JiJp Jf- ijjiJI jj^ 1 u-^'j
i_^jjlj . i^UJI olj-U!lj *IT JJI ^U! i jjiilj oi^-l
. 4~J*- (j— I J*- l,JI U_) JjAlj
OljU>-^l cJUp ,jjJ!Ij ■OjL'U jjjil aljiS/l Olk-_^:.
Individualism individualisme
Indifference indifference
}**
j)j-S& ^jf^>j\jCj> jvwsl>- Cxf. ojljdl jl jU-11
. i^LJI i^U-^lj
^L.1 ij>\ J ^ ^-i! 1 »^l J^ C ^Ua-»^l li» JU*
^j}\ i »all y. i^LJI ic>-UI jf iS^j^ i »JJlIj
213
INDUSTRIAL DEMOBILIZATION
Jp "U^ai^Jjl *ij*^ *r*~'3 iJjJil jlkL* ,3x~^ LS^
. ipLj^l i_»lij Jp Jjill S-alij J ; .<i«T (^aUI
Individuality individuality
"xf lS^-> J^ iS 1 V. o 1 -^. j!
4JIJUI
jjjxJI uiw jits' (^1 Jp 4j!i!l ids' Jlkj .ojvt jp
i-^ik-ill ids' jlk (jL; i) J_JI yblk jl Ob^ ^1 Jp )\
i^~il ob;iS3l oli^> f^t Jp personality
^ iL« uly • Jp A-jlJJl iUS" i£jkj Mj . Ia-L>-j
. 1^ < i i. Jl. "' ?c^*»J 41ju Uu y*~A ^ &"J * " " 4..».0 *■ i Yl" 1
Indoctrination endoctrinement ililill *^3l
t iUall, Judl jp .jaift" Jil JU;NI Jl£il o»-i
i >_j»IJll jl XLUil j. iLw iL: jlySl ^jit Jl cJ-Vj
jl -b'Up jl Ijl&l Joy Jil OliUI (J^ ^yC Nj
iLad.1 otiUI J5" ^jo jl j» N-0 4^ oL>-_j!jjJjI
oi* -j£ Jp Sjjjjl Juj 3jib\ Ju ijyv ^L~>u 9-y,iy\\i
J*ci\ J jLtil y, iS i-bU^. iJL*. C J ^j jl&^l
«»tij J> i_.... > »> oUjUll «j-Lo Jp ^v<ii M i_S-^'
. 4. 1 J 1T ...,* Ml; Jl ijj*0y\ Lkl
(^ 4,,iL ,fl ilpjJI jp «^»Jil i*>JI <_ik£ US'
US' i>^»wjil j^- oUUi Jl .i./i» jp UJ; jj jy^l jl
V-LJI oUidl ^ jlSiNI J-rf.>J iJ*. > v'
. j»JI £~»J.I J ~Udl t) ji
Inducement tentation »t3^t t*ljfc^l
jkil Jj 0;** »l^l J Ijjj-J jl>Sll Jp jJbil
. .lyc-^l Jj> JP giUI Jl J^jJI
Induction induction «lj^>^l
Jl J*,jd! OUjJLI £5 y, Jkil J .lyii-VI
^uji j, «kow j,> jp j^ji j\ t( jr r su
ji oU-^dl iJYx^l UwJl J jjisj t -uil Jl
iiydl j. ^Vl »>LU kiili Jpj .^Lil _,! Jvil^l
. ij_>JI lijjC Jp 1,.^ oU»«J
y*) perfect induction ?\Z Jl »lyiu»MI j«^-ijj
. ^pl^l «-»»- J -iUjI kiiii jj^-^ (j-JL-l Jp «5saJI
y^j imperfect induction ^oiU tl^^-lj
. -CUTja-- ^-i* Jp *, ^ U JSOl Jp ^i\
Industrial accidents accidents du
travail J*^' Q*\
accidents, industrial : jkl
Industrial complex reseau industriel
JS"\ j\ »J»-lj « 4—^Cl 4plLv9 || Jj>-_); jt/ iik»
U^oj <n kjjj t iili>»« cSj»-' OIpIwj Jl AiUa^llj
ijUaaNI u>t»-LJI j* ,j<a*JI V^*: iJ*' J-J: * ; ->' a**^
iiUiNlj i»U i jlsf j iJ^ ^^r~ J . J^"* I* UIpj . 4-^aJlj
.iiki«il Jill oLLp J^ Ot^ljil (jjs j» iSC~i Jl
« ^pLJi jjvi ii jp o>^" Lr 4 ^ r 'k J| - i: » , ^p3 Jj^ 1
oij-^>> 4»-l • j i;pLL<a)l 4>_ill J OlpL_<a)l J^ji
olSLiJI j_>>-j J' iS^y J' *-jU-MI ua^'j .L—J
jl JSjSxil LS_jiII J >^"J J' \^ M . iSj". -"*• '"UflUail
SjJT ji JUI <J_ M _ jl joa^Jl ,y- \^ya>- »UJl jljil
. jlSLJI jOp
Industrial conflicts conflits de lindustrie
labour conflicts Jliil olpjli : ^kl
industrial demobilization demobilisation
industries olil ^j, ^
C^~J\ Ji\ OUL^JI Jij^i Jp <Sy\iZ ^11 ikJI
i)t>^^l Jalf'l j<Jo' «» ^^U^j" "^ (^llj JJ—ir If-'U^^.
_l^|j »ji OULvtf Jl liL»P JP etil-MI Jl Ija>-Ij Ijf
j. jbJI Jl JUb viUi ^^j U> Ukl jtSL ^L.
. auji sjIjj yikii
INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACY
214
industrial democracy democratic in-
dustrielle *^^' ^lAAiW
democracy, industrial : ^
Industrial 'nertla inertie industrielle
l,-'lSv< j J-pUvail OUJJj 4«-Uvail tli jl^i-l
industrial momentum ^L*!l «ijjl : ^UjI
Industrial localisation localisation de
I'industrie ^UaJI jk>JI
»Wl Jills' J*\y- So*- (J«- . *,.„>," i-SUlJ <Jl»p
J'r^' lt-jJjj J-j-J'j J'y^ 1 £>>-> iUWI ^.^'j
Industrial momentum elan industriel
industrial inertia ^LvJI J JY i i » : jn\
industrial relations relations industrielles
£*£*!! olbUli
cjl JU«ilj J»JI ._-»-L* ^ ^- Jil otoUl ^
. i*LJLI JwJI uli^
. ipL^JI olWJI C_*- ^JUj
Oli^UI oOa oliJ l^j ^pUviil OtoUl jljkij
^ju \^ i Oli%JI »i* J JUpVI yUw>i jJUr.
JUJI J-l^o i.Ullj i^jill L."bU;lj JUJI oiu;
. Oli^UI oOa jU,I J i^jJUr. jp flijjlj
jp i;PUail oli^UI JiJ oJiicJil JJUjil Ul
. iT/ill J«ll jUr J^U ^UVI
industrial revolution revolution industrielle
^ J . /iV , « <J Oljb k— jlj>-l 0^U«^*j «Ur*£w* < uU .fr
OljvJu ^ 'j^ - *^j"** /J«* Ojlailj yip t/"^' Jy>)'
Ij^S" Ijll C^j t<uo(^>-l_j iiUailj <u>-_j!_}^j A— -U-l
5»UT jS"i 5ajo>- oVT ^jiilj JjjUlj iJlij*^ 1
«-li J/; J-jJJ JUO>- JiJ cLij .ijUJI iTyiS"
. r-^iVI ^rw>«Jj "U^-liVI 5*U$JI «ij jp ji^l [i
jLi JjUaJ ijUi j^j LoUvail jjP oVUtll j 5Jj-k»-
JliJl^ c^jP^VI J^jllj 4-.LJI a^aiJ jJUa^T ^jVl
SjUJIj ^LJl; iUtill SOjaJLl olilJI JI r-j-^ ^J
C_<iU j^ ^Ic-ijll -Tl^l iJs- jLjjIjillil jjiillj
SjjiUll j">UI j iy»U-j <^j>«i' 1 _*JijJI *ljj ^y*— '
JUdl jLtilj J»Jl jlJL» J cJ>j 01 a~ sljLI jT^.
( iJLojJI olTj»JI *_«^Uj <Ljlji"ill aU-I^ ^ i^«l>-j
Industrial society societe industrielle
•^jj — s-i i-UJi (^ ^Jj ipL^aJi j>»; *>^o jil ipUJt-i
215
INDUSTRY, LOCAL
jfj) rij—^ jJ*»^i\j ^IwaJI *«i*il Jj^iJ
U>j J^JI ^U^i iii, jj, tljjlj !^Ji\ Oblp
. JUIl
industrial sociology sociologie industrielle
sociology, industrial : )&\
Industrialism industrialisme li.\Ld\ '^J S £J\|
i^piJI iiyJJ ^ i^>l>- iU-^. ^.Ul ja.sk Jif
iU-JJ oi* Ji .yplll ^aiJIj iUJl Jp jUVl S>~-j
.£-!* JU«; J* J^l ^l iUil oyJi\ jUVI jJUi
industrialization industrialisation .'v^-l i
i i*U> j>U*SI Jl iljjill ji JB^l jUal J,^-
J-^ 4* Cf ij*-*b ^Mlj A-all J-Ap sjlj ji
i-jiUaal JTli. j_^ii ^ J;j»JI li* «^_j Uj
JLJI jOp 4_^j UJ Sjlp ./, .^tII ^x. ^lij t i*Lj»-lj
£&MI i«_i } \ J^ctl\ iL>- Jl itUaJI j jjJili, jjjjl
. i£j*-\ OljL^pl jl
industry jpL^, : J^\
Industry industrie &C^aJI
OlPjwi* J| *ij^' aljU JiJ*^ <*^wa!V Jj-aill
*~i>JI iljil jl US' t^y^^T L_» j_ ) Lju jlSLJI i_lpl
• V. J^3 b* j'> a*-^' J
industry, basic industrie de base
4_jL/^I ipUail
OU-lwaJ jl tOji ioUiil i.^1; jkf J3I iLiJI iptuaii
Jl» i5j=-' OU-lwaJ L;jJ- jl *ij*J>- ^xt, i-»UI
. lilii j>j oWI 4pUJ ^Uilj XJbJI
industry, domestic industrie domestique
4j!fo 4Pli^!l
jl Ul_^J iJj^l jljlL J^JI c-^-U* -ajuj J jib
, iJaiJI j-iL-I ,Jp -Jfcjj^-t JUjil <J*j^ajj LCj\s-y*aA
industry, extractive industrie extractive
aljll ji ijljll Jp -u^' Jll iJjSll oUUJl j.
jj^jjij jiJxJir uxjjf ji \ r ju yc £s._ ^ jji ;,,A.,,m
Uil !(■"■:■•■"•' j^ 1 ; ^ t>*-> •—"* tij ^*j Jj^i' ?r'j>*-"'j
i*^t Jjlj« Jp J^a»JI Jp »ji vl.s- i_LJI iplUaJl
Industry, heavy industrie lourde ifoili fc \' , A \\
ilb- J i^lp || iLiJI ipLviJI g ^">Ui^l jilu
ij;^ jl jjjll iLil iljll JaJjJ ^1 4j_^Uil OlplwaJI
; ^r-LJ (Jp jjl Oli^ SOP 0>-j3I JiJj t.j»t>JI
jjj i»J — Y t 4 ; I ; i>mm)I oJ*-jU i-.il; ojlll jjj — ^
iillaJI jl (i^as-^l JOP ) tSjil Ol0>-j - i tiJS3l
. £&y) i.j^!l'
industry, light industrie legere jiukll apL^II
M J\ iijW oIpUJI Jp ^!sU«-*^l lj* jll*
(^11 ipLJI jl ii iLaill OlpU-<aJI i) i_ijj«J C»o J^-^J
Ijl^vil ._ ,,..' jl jjj a^£~* ji»L> J AJii jl jSo:_
industry, local industrie locale i3«Il jplL^Jl
: U~> jU« 50p (^ j-tsUa^s^/l lj* »J>«i_j
iplwaJ J»il jr »S' — Y tl»n 1,111, 1..J iplw» — ^
*piw» - i i-.uMi JpLaU ^^kjis' - r ouoiJi
4;i»j iUlp JUl If fji jl «J»j fl>- jlj« ^ -Ui«J
. . . ijl iilp jl 4ji»j o^pi il.,..,^'! 4-oJUI iplws — a
INDUSTRY, PRIMARY 216
industry, primary industrie primaire ^tiij tSj»^l j~3 l _ J -l ji je-LJI J\)\ ji ^oii ji
*3jSl1 &U*]I iaUSMI J>»JI j. U>j Ujilill fUlj J-Jlj OcJI ^
Jp Jj^-JI jj-J ji -^J-l l^ly iiUail OLLp • «^rt-^l>
^Li^ll^j jc^dlj^j^lf v^Ulolj^l jialjLl equality sl)Cll : >l
primary £*W¥l jlk ijJLf M UJI ^j .olUD
... u , .... , ..... .... . u ,. . t inertia, cultural inertie culturelle'JUsll iii^Jl
lllt'xl ju»j*pI;j)I j_- L.Jl4»U»^l;J»iJ industry ^ -^
Industry, secondary industrie secondaire
tfjJlill Z*\Ld\ infancy premiere enfance jys|l HjiU\ ii*-j,
oljjSi) «JjSll ipL-JI alj, J,^ l^l> JpL^ childhood : >l
iJUl JLpSllj t OU^J jiL, ,* U «L. JI ( v^Jail
. 31UI aJyj iSlilMlj infant mortality mortalite enfantine
primary industry ;j,i <pU<? : j*,\ £fs ^vJ
industry, small petite industrie ijjuill &U*JI , ,
«wij!l ul pl«U j^j .-jijUpI j» JjMI »U1I IjjjU^;
small-scale production liiJI r l2^l Ji'l
^ » t cc*^ j^u-J Ji j^ll itUijil »Xi J_Jyl (Jp jilaj
industry, tertiary industrie tertiaire . JjMi <wlp «y. (I jf ^<»jW J** j-*»^ t* j^cJI*
J (►r'^'J T**". f^*j" *— '^*J JJjw c— »jj
jupi j^jj „ u^ii oIpl^jl i) iV' w-o .u-Sii jJjU iop ji ^^op i_jj su^ t- u^P
j>JI x^j jUilj jjJIj »Ql j^iyj ijb)llj .Ul . l^ iUI ^ ^jjL^U-l
t^JjJlj _>jJI 4PU»J Jjj-Jlj 5jl»3j JiJIj 0">U»ljilj
vU. ii ^^^p (_;! ^^-^l oUaiJlj iJj>Jl ^ U^j infant welfare centres centres de
« iJjSl UUail ii v l j Jsijj "^ L. JT ji i ij-ui puericulture jikJl itej jflji
Industry, transforming industrie de &^ Ju ^' *~- ?W oi * Cf :j ^ ^ Ul
transformation '&y& ^M 1 ^ ^ ^ ^" >r "' ^ JJJ (>1 ^^ i ^ ^ ^
aL- JJ Apj^a* iJlUA) jl^yt jl Sjjl jl^yt A»^>J
. A i I ■*
. StL. o^l Jl ^.UJlj jojbJl Ji^-^T *-Jl i.1;
. M . . ,,. ... a ,-.„ ,, infanticide infanticide JlitSl Isl
inefficiency inefficacite 4J» Ull «o» J^
efficiency ^pUJI : ^1 ^ i^ li '-' V' 1 -^ 1 ^ liU:!l >~ J >^" i^ 1 5jWI
i op OUJI irfl >■) JUlsMI Li i_»jjlill t/"i
inequality inegalite »'jiAi\ ^ ^ (i , ; c Jj(jll ^^ ^ ^^ t ^ J
iilll jl ^-Jrl ji ^»jJI ^Ul Jp aljWI ^ S^tll . ^-i. *>l*\ Ji ulla~UI ji «l»i jlip^ «UJl a^i.
217
infantilism infantilisme i\ ,&n
iijiUl oIj_«j: y»y»JU i^.jji xlljl JiLt»-l
inference inference
J^o^-^l
jjlV. -bJ>- «£>. Jl J^ajll j* ji i cSjJ-i lUai S-U-
•jM 4_i; cJjll J a^Jj t l^, ^.i jjl ^i&-i*j
inference, deductive inference deductive
j*j immediate inference ^Lil JV-u-Nl - \
. ijlf jl 4».aLrf> i.Jjjll
mediate ( ^-Liil ) yiLlI ^ JN-u^l - r
J-Uaj j^x>JI j* jSUll JUil y»j inference
inference, inductive inference inductive
ilUJI J* ( J&l ^l ) f Uil ojW jJ* *JU- </>
^LOil JVx-Nl f oiu_; (JjJLI ,XJI) v'>'
.mediate inference
inferiority complex complexe d'inferiorite
u om\ cup
inferiority v>^ jy*}\ y « ,_/»£! I i «-Up
cs^lai!! jiUJi j j^iil ju>-l I,. j_ r Aill feeling
INFLUENCE
. 4pl— il jjj J*>tJ i*jUU 4JLJI A^
infertility infertilite -j*JI
i^-^' j j^' J 1 impotency t^-^- 1 jj-^'j (►i*!' uk
4«p J*-jll ji sijU jj& oi» frigidity ;ijj x*
infirmity infirmite ^>*ll
invalidity, disability j»x*)l : ^iil
rehabilitation
inflation inflation
J/Ul
lyrj '-:■'. jU"VI J <£*y~t> e\»~\ ^yrj *> -Uai
J *-<jJI iJlx^l ^J_ c JJ i— JL; (jrfijl* jl Jjlj i— LW
»^- Jt v_Jda3l J i»lj»VI J| -i^iJI «"jiJ
J,I>NI Jj j\ ^JlS^!l ^Ujl Jl j\ oUoiJIj ^l
ioltJI i-uJI J^-OI <— 'L>«-^l Jl -j>«^iJI *(_g-^j
^.t^tv ^j v*j oLiUil »— jIjk-^Ij JUjJIj ^julijUs
influence influence
j'Uil
l^i J*- iT>JI i»UII ja *+C iULII CJLT lilj
tllli jLf *l_j-. OU-UjLIj ^UiiV fj~a>- J ^Jaj
Ju Ijj »aiw-J j!l Jsiljll Jp ^JUJI J Jj_, j_,iJI jli
. i»*j -^ ^'j' jlX^I jl Wl..." OjJj iiaLJl aJLft
^— J t-Ju^J (J *— JLiJI (J -Ui^j ^'j (jUal J^i-Uj
. i-L-ll Jlijl piUJI
INFORMAL
informal structure structure officieuse
OUijJl jp Lij ^dil ^JijJI «b j^ i iU-l ilAJi y>
Jeliil JI ^ *ji ji jfjd\ } iijUl iU'l jp i,l£)l
.IkJI la* J^j oIpLJlIj jl>Sfl ^ JUUII ^LVVI
.-SJLijII
information informations oliGl toUjlill
oUUl jkj Li LIU. £*k^VI Id* r-Ai^-i
ij^ll y iii^t^l ,>_> jp Ldp J^,; ^1 jSU>Jlj
oUUI .1* jijjj ..!_,% jlSiSfl j* j-»i- Jllj JUI ji
. iiLidl JU;Vl kUJU. ji oWj Ji> jp ^U; ji
jU_. J oW .IJi.iJ ij^S/l OUUI J jljjl Oij
information theory « olJQl » i'^ : Jlij
JjLjJJ -lit. l j^]ai J ^i J_J jj oLJNI Ji*. jl, j^ijj
iUJI j, 4JI J^; JJI oCLJI gll*, ujiij Jb
-,/fjWI
informatics ^^U iJVI iJLUll Jlij
-J OLyloll jl_pil ^Uj ^!l iuvill 1 JUNl J~laJ i^l
. Lj^ljiii*l
infrastructure infrastructure
jkflll .Ui /^l^r^l Jill ^ij
JJL-jj J> j- J^ll J Jjfj; L. JT JdU j^^jiLI
Jp jipU L* ... jjl iilkU aJy olia^j ot*^»l r
. SjU*dlj ipL^aJI »Jjjj
infringement infraction
^1^1 «^l* .jjfc j*» jp ^Li.i jr ji j*» jr
• r wi j-^'j ,/t*-"^ f^i Ji^i^j i*j^di
218
in-group in-group "nous" collectif
Ljilii i*-U»Jl jj»i tjn3l 4pU»-
T-^Ua^uV »_jjIj< y»j Sumner <ujjw-l *-^Ua*»l
ip-j j. Ljl ^ ^ll itLjA-l Jp Joj j we-group
j»j .c5^VI OlfUi-l jlki if>-j j^ V I^JLapl J±,
jj«JjIj (_^J_jJI *^*L<i^ L^JUapl *~*>- ^^j ^l 4pL*>-I
i-iU-jiJUil ^ji j^ J U J^; we-feeling j»«Jl
in-group apLjA-I J>-b 1 ^,£^1 J*f_ ^iil^j
other-groups or i^jUJI oIpLjA-I j,p 4I <i a . j
out groups
inheritance heritage iiljjll tiS'jSl liQl
LJI lj>i. <JU.( ^jdl i.i o^UII i^LJI ^ j-
i. ^IjJkl -U-l^ JU>»Jj .4-JJJ ci' Uiliol i^- -^ <ulij *j)
• ^1 ^> ftJi Jj>' od-^ 1 v^^ 1
social inheritance ^j-Lui-Vl Ol^LI : Jli j
: Jli L»T oJLiil JliJl Jp Jj_< J-»j j^p T-^Ua^ul y>j
(^1 inheritance criminality r'j=r)" ^''jj
. .bSlI Jl .l.\l j- Ji-" ^1 vljrVI oU^JI
Inhibition interdiction fri^Jl t «Hl
jiUIl ji vJI^pVI jp iLJiU l—r'i _>lj J^loil j>JI
JJ ljl j . jjJUII ji jjjil ji iijUl ^bT ji taboo
inhibition US' ^oiu «dl OU ^/-IjJI » d_» jyJI
■ prohibition C^iJV
social inhibition ^lli-\l «dl : Jlij
Initiation rites rites d'initiation
j-ildl ji jJjSSl jJli
c5 cry5*lj»l J-^ J "^ 'U-la^' (jjilj ^ji^ ^ »jUp
. o'lxJI oU-^jdl J ^-jUj ijPl^NI SUJI
i_iLill Jaj^J Jdj ^1 JjfA-l OUjLil ui* Jifj
j»d JJL.J jyju US' ^'iai ^L>VI .IkJI .15^1
219
JaJjj ilUJI o-U J_, iO^-lj Oij J jLiiJl j* iJs. Jp
,L;i juiji <>>^ so^ij ^ isi. j^^i juji
Ji- .^Lll., j^IL ^oJl ^ ^ yuill «i*
■aU-I ji tUI^SlL >.j!l ji ^ijlj i^J-l jj_j
. ^U j^U .UJ, J_,L- Jp jL>)l jU-l ji t J,l_JL
Jjj L- »IojI jjj jLc ^pLLI oJIa J~x; ~~. Ojoijij
Jl^l iji j\^\ y> ^i JT j. ^yjlj .^1 Jp
-i ^_^ Ju;Vi '
jl£jl j_kp ^UkiU Sj^AIj
Jp t\i,y\ J*wi)l C^J jjl j\S j, «liil J,Uo_,
^jit i—jli? J ^^L OjJlj ^w>JI Jj^i\
I rdl
J'
initiative initiative
jiodi
<J—L- jl J»p eXj iJtAi— 1 4p_^j U-jjj^ jyjl .Li
jl jlSoNI £ ^L>NI JUil J i*»l»-j JLpVI j.
jTj; g;JJI a>JI JI C UJVI j. SbUI j_£; Jij niji
~\y?- ^U ^r-.*; ^ lJ^J ^^ J*" jl— iVl LJ
J=~ LjpjL J* J~)l_, U-. vLUJI ^ ^L. V aJ i_JL
. Aj'lj kilji J Jjj _jjj
Injunction injonction ^JUill jftl
"-^k* iX;^. j^ jUJI (_p >_il> Jp »L; j-Usj _,•!
__i, l >^ J»p jf. ^_ jL oU U_>L. .jl*. l _ r ai t i JI
.ai^__ L. 5jUj .J ^jl«.| Jp ^jkj ji ^UJL
Injury lesion
4 — i jjit ju ji
u— >■ J j_ r ^il Jtj Jx> Js ^
INSANITY
accident, labour Jl* ^Lil : Jil
Innovation innovation oloicl^l t plju*^l
ijlil j^pj ijlil iilill J jjo^- JL3J j^s. ij\
iliJi jr-^.j iJlill Jl£iVI jp Lp_^ jaift d_^
JUJVI ^laiVI Jp opU LTj .£l>-Vlj u>Lt^"Vl
. JliJI
jp rj>«JI cjl JjJ>JI j-^Ux^VI Ijj. -Uai aij
. jJcdl ijijJU cJ^JIj SjiILJI 5-U»jVI
. AlaiLstl ^Ul j. i.jliLL «UfVl li* Ji« J;li Oij
U-A jiSojilj -OJ>«JI jl j^jkj^ ^Jfij jy*- *SJ3
■yu_ il r ^>- iib>«il OUjy^il J »JiJkl Oliji »*l
^_JUI .lOix^-l J JJ^u Vj 5JjJ»- OL^Uj r-lj>-L-
. iiUi JI Uj iJiJO-l ^liVI
input and output analysis analyse des
entrees et des sorties ob>-j*alj o^U-^ll J11>u
^n^'.j ^_>ij JL^-VI- (_£«>»!! J»--*l' cr*^*' **J*
OU^l< Jp ijlfJI i_JkJlj <L»-l; j. it-t^ai\ CjI Jit*
jl •— ^J .i«jt* 5-L« J"^ (^v'"' i*>-L -^ 4ptu<aJ! a-Lft
. ol^oil ». oljL>-Vlj Jj^ail ». J>-ail JjLvj
inquiry investigation Js?^" 'tSj^"
j_^U!l J JjisxJIj i l,^P tl^>»Jlj iiiJI i^j»«J
(Jiij tiy^-^ 1 J"^*- V. J J ' <J" ( >u '^_>" ^-^ o" 9 ^". <s*i
investigation : Ji'l
Insanity folie
0>>tJI
L_JJI J Jul! I Ii* J»*~.jj .«Lj ji JiJI Jljj
UJ J-a-ij _^» laLai J-ii JljJk>J jjJ Col>- i£-j^
I — «o_j>-j 0<y iUoil t5_jiil Jljj jl jljjll Ji«il ^joiJI
. «JL»pl jp Jjl_« j^p jdUJI J 1 _^»> i iJI j^j i^_»u
^_-k)l j psychosis « jUaU » u>jl r j^J-lj
INSECURITY
Insecurity insecurity jVill »lo*il
yikjij j^aii ^u^ir <la\ jju, j\jc^\ f op
^yijuJJ insecure « j*\ ji- » ^-jiJl *!*• J JUjj
. i_s_j>Jjj JbJlfZilj i_iUJa)l »-l*-J jW JJ*- 1 8 j*"*i i^-^'
4..,..a'.; 4^4j ili! _£«JIj <>^\j Olit^P <Ul»l .Jp aj-CSJI
insight perspicacite j(l&\ <. jl.g VIff I
^_ji^S tlj^-1 <Job>fc« <jv LS**** '""'^ 4i!^P t_l' dy*P^\
ajlpl jl ©JjJk>- ©^Ss» <3l iJUU ajj-^aj J"***.^ >>iij-i ^j
. jVjw i_SOA JI J_j^jlJ ( lie, J jJj ) U Jaij* -kJ
cf. foresight
Inspection inspection w "!' ' ^
tl..T- jj\ji\ -LiJ jftlli" -l?-l ^.!'...:a:ll kl*s- jCjC
ijUJI oLLJI ji i^LJI oLLJI _,i JUl ji »LJI
}jSi\ JI ilij j>b l^ ^jj, j» Jll joUl j. \ajj-)
Ujj Uasxi OU-_j^s>_jll _jl *LiMI jj^aJ i^'
critical inspection ^jJBl ^/il?*^ 1 : J 1 ^
Oli**?^l *_j-^ (J r-tj jI <J/» *C^* 4~o ,_^a*j jl u_^i
. ie-_j^s>_jll
220
instability, social instability sociale
social instability : ^1
instinct instinct «Ji>"
45UJ IW j>JI j!l£jl iLiJ J-»S/I i^j^JI ^IjJI
ijk« Lf-'l liUj t J-j-Ij ^^r j. ^>JI jljil gJ?
istltutionalism institutionnalisme ililkJl ie-jJI
Institutions institutions isKJ^p *kdl
f^iiJli jl>S/l l*_^xj ^jdLj ^iJil l^itt (lSl>i
^ij ^ij o^Iij gijjii ,ji; dili j.j
... j«JI jUsNIj
Jl JUa! jjJ fUJI £& ji jJI JU^i j. >T J»p ^Sl ji
l>-lj »Ji" ^Jl ilPjil (^1 Ol — -Jib ilpjll : Jlij
ilpj : Jlij . i^lcfM'j i;»will ^/-Iji!' J* Ol — .Jll
j^jjl IfJI r-Lj^. Jll SOe-L-ll »jJl£ (^1 Ol — -jll ^jU-
. U i~«_U oiUI tiJJJ ^JU— j jl jjj
institutionalization institutionnalisation
"^lk!l jejSSl t «^)\|l ^»J
Jfr j&jJ t^l^MI ( J^liJJ S^ii— • J»UI jjiaj
221 INTEGRATION, ECONOMIC
jjij^Jij . ^ybj ti^Uj- ob I* j ^lyj ijfj -i*-ly Integration integration J*^!'
J*^ 0- c/W^ JjUl i^Ii jOi ,y J< ^ikJi ^; ^ ^; t ^j, ^ ^; ^ }J> ^ y^
jijsi Jl >Jb u^ ^ ^jjij ^jdi iJ>Ji jjj*; i^^^S/i Jj i >Ji > V*« ^ tf' ' c^ 11
t OWj>JJ J-i ^Ikil jjj&H JaJjiJ ' *^ V 1 ^ 1 y»j ijj^l -k^ 1 ^jl ^ JW J^lSoJL. -L*i
. JUdl jjljJI Jlit J.IS3I jl Sumner (j^j
Instruction enseignement *ll*3l
r 7 ^ g^\ ^ jli dL-yi «JU- _,» ^l_Ji J-i^lij
education : >l j^, ^ ^ ^ j ^ ^^ ^lji ^U! ^
-till M iaiLU i>^J *~&S\ »Ui*-l jv JjLjil (~*l — II
Instrumentallsm instrumentalisme - u ^
iiCijll tCjStjOll social integration ^lli-)/l J*LS3 : >;!
J— ;_pJ (I JSl—J I) ji (I Oljii )) JSy^\) OljjviJIj
4AU>iJl jU 1-lSsJbj t iJLJ^* O^^* Jl J-L>«^ j& kJ&jI
l*-w>^ JU^-^1 ilU jj£ U.jup VI JL^jJV oU ^ 5J * f^ 1 0* 5 J^ y L^UaM J.I&1I
j\ 2jH\ <ol_«_ Ojlj j r MI >l J J— J* iL-J C- ' ^^ '
. «^>*il
cf. pragmatism
Insurance, social assurance sociale ^ ol*,^ -i^ Ux* ^.ijll J.I&1I ij^>
'^ r *U»r>i jUi3i r^ 1 ls*^. ^ ^-J- 11 jr^ 1 *^ a- ^-^^ >'r J
• i ■ i-.i Ol_Lfr ,y SJa-lj ,y jS"l ,i* ,Ul£dl f j rill <->l-iO
social insurance : ^1 - ^ ^i/ ^ tr J - zjj r-,.
. U^j>- oLLjJI »Jia (J* l -'v~ J - "^J ti«i-il r&l
Insurrection insurrection j^ll
^ LwJ otjji- o^o" Uxp JiVI J^lScll jjSvj
rebellion jLyaJlj revolution « 5j°ill n oUJL_a. .
. J^ISJJ «• jytil ol>^> f^-i Jl
^il r liNI Ll> ,> SjU^MI AP A.1^11 >_J
. ..... ,. Ml , „ „ „ . M 1 j^ 1 il'J! ,> J*«.J '^ ^'^ ^byj! 1 a* J 1
e ,.' " " " ' ". . SUUil oUjj-iil j« i-ildl ^ if" Ul
(( jLjaP )) j-t>Ua^l Jjb l{_/ (( ajjj )) jCju Jt>UI tUxJl
^_JU- \. ^ jji j^i jp ^Juil J rebellion jlSi^MI ^ £j »yj JJ lS-»ji >-^jL»VI 11* 01 J*
. jj^fl i-Jli-l jI~^ lijjJI JL>-j j- oJla l^-> ^1 ol^dl ^ jyj ^Uil Jp 5>_JI J. j\
olT^p- Jc Sj>U Joj insurrection jjUl L.I - ^ ■ "^ ^ «-.--• ^v-
. yi SjUNI JjI— II OlTyJI ^ Lf»x»j UIju J 5jJ>^> Jjj Ol.jl../i:il Ok i/jLtfiNI J^lScJI ^_ Jij
ana. insurgency • *^»"
Integration, economic integration
economique ^iLiJ)|l J«lii3l
Ul
jl^Sfl J* Sjk—JI J_Ai jl
INTELLECTUAL ADOLESCENCE
intellectual adolescence adolescence
intellectuelle *>j>A\ Miljll
ja j*j ^Ji^i Jbj>\ ^\&\ lj juji jli «JLJi
. <j^U»;Ml Jp <u'jo>
Intellectuallsm intellectualisme J&l , alill
ii_jLJI yklk. ,ju ijljMI «J jj£> jl v_jf_ ^iJI 8 J>.j
^11 i>JI Jp ^1 ^ J jOUo^MI Jij . JLJNI
. UiJI oLLJI Jl y^lkil jr «-_;
i — JLUil 4 — e-pi u a*\ .: U i_jkJi_II <i Llij
J~f. iS^ tJ^'j)" v*-^' ii' anti-intellectualism
. JjNI 1j_JlI iiljVI j»
cf, rationalism
Intellectuals intellectuels j£i!l J£.j
^>J.I »Uipl JL jp Jj>^i j;Jll aljiMI «J»
^IjJlS' jl aljjc-l jp yp jjL,»>u oij iijxllj o^oJL,
Intelligence intelligence
.iToil
Sjoillj jL^NIj j_Jlj v-T^lj J-UJI Jp 5jJi!l
SJjJ^-I O^SLtil J^ jl j-U^ SJUJJLI .Juljll i^-l_^ Jp
^uil, .ir jji ^i ^ j-wj .u ioui jjUjii ji^o"
iil^i . IjiT o_Lkx_ll JJU^I i^ij ilSuJ.1 i,_l, Jl
' Jrh JWI *A-l~i Jp Sj-Ull yj ^>Ji .iTJii
.iTJilj t .LiSlI il-U. Jp SjJiil y,j J»JI .IT-Ulj
o»l_y J ^U.-iM iLLjw Jp SjJiil _y»j ^tr^l
. i_plp>-l
intellectualism JiJl i »JJLl : ^'l
. anti-intellectualism iiiJIUjil^lil^Iillj
Intelligentsia intelligentsia iM\ $ >
^-j1»JI jj* 5_yi^tf jl ikLJI jS"l_,« y> i->_J iyufi
222
kiii Nj . J»JI IJla L^-jJ CjoI ijlijl Ol'lSil t^jij
U jl L t Ij. i*»l>- i~a>J^j j^ ipL^i-l «Jl» li« jl
OlLiail <_IU^I Trill ./til IJla j_j ; p_j_til »Jj«; rj
. iJif-iji JjaJi J iji^^i iiili
Interaction interaction JaLil J*Ijk!I.
<UpU jl V^~ J*J jlS" ^ (^1 ^ JZi-y^- <Jy iU»
interactionlsm interactionnisme Opl^il
( —^JI <La! o j — all (T-J^' *^P OL^iii (_J-L>-1
v^Jj»«jdl ^->-lj (r-j^JI j« J^Ldl yjldt J>a^j ^^-jL_Li
. JLJ^I ^SJ\\ J
interdependence interdependence
J»lS3l cjJC3i- \
jlS^ilj jUjll J i;pL>Nl olJb-jll ^ oli">Ul
■ ^J
iliLil oli^iJl - T
i /^i\ j^J' J*" V-^v ^j-d ti" ^1*">W ,_5»
ijUaJNl, J_.L_JI jiJlil J JjoJI ^v ^jLdl oli^JlS"
Interest interet fU*1lt i jll - \
Jl ijii\ obf I (j-jtil »Ip J (( J-« )) iliilb X*oA
. ijlj>-j itw» obf Ml IJLA
J interest theory f ^| ij^ x^^
jl *_jf_ J ,_,._, »^»l jjO; ^j jl jSJ:_ M ^kJI j| Jj6\
ikLiil - T
Jxl./laiT II I i i«i-« ifrUJk-l jl J^yill 4J J^ U
(i 4pll^Jl 4kL^>j i) class interest « ^Lil
•« i — •' — «J* 4_J*ivillj ii group interest
.public or common interest
223 INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS
sjjuii - r jidi Hj^j u-_,ji oi^i jf\ ijwaii s^ij
SjIp <cp jju } t Jlil ^Ij »lai»^,l JjLi. ^jj ii_. «_iu jilj jail jw o^L^y.1 jUil i^J tsj^^ iik> ^
. (ialliil j~) i/. i~_^ • ^'^ ***->
. . . i>a»JJ J lie; V IT i jL»-l i~i J I s^l o&j a»i
interest groups groupes d'interets ". ,
, , j t J^JI J^ £j»JJ ijLstl jl ijjjjll ^lOi jl i jSwJI
jJLill obt^l CilpUi- • - - - .j ■
. i»Jb jl iaj* jjSj aJ US'
iJi i^VI oUJJI cjIT ai, . j^JL*. ^ f iiaU lnternal s V stem systeme interne ^_Wjil jjl
oIpI^L JjS/I SIjJI U^j ijUJ! oir-i!l, ^'Uail, ^j oIpUuI J_Ud ^lk,ill li» ^_,
. ?JLJ.I ^jUx-^.1 _p^ iffjll o">WLiJlj t_*J»lj>Jlj i*|^-VI ikiJ VI
Intermarriage manage mixte ^ ^ >J ^ (^ *' ("-*' UU +' '^'
. • >UI ^Vl j-JI ^jWI
J5~* j' u^L**- ti] !J^»~i u**'^"'' uif. r'jj"
5jU Jj V vi^ a%j| ji iooll c-^ ^ jUi Internal trade commerce interieur
c ijjii u i>.jj ji u»->ir ji o^u+i ^ .u*i ^r^ 1 •ik?"
. t5j>-S/l ipUi-i *Up! j* trade sjlijl : Jii
^jjHj t>jil La ^^ j_*k Jl^-I L~ ^ j-j internalization internalisation
l^JI jLO yClll yy^-Sl J I l ^*U r l ^j U^ jl g[| £j/,| t £-ftj| ai*J| ,(^|
■^-; t- ' t - i
intermittent group groupe intermittent W^ 1 *; ^ a^'j oloiJJj oU>lf"VI jyil J^J
iJ*£Jkl jit i*UitJl *^ jj^.j • *jb <>* *J^ ts>*-' i*L»- jl /-\ i}
-,i: I • ! : ■• i "i ■ ! i i- -ii - i i i V r"-VI »• Jri" 0>-}j' u">l>- y i^L>l 4a«oi i-^aj^Jjl
"-"Ujl J jl AjJJJ <U*a; LkjUipl JjUj ^11 4pUL| **?-' ^_ ^ ^ ■
. ^IkiVI Ol^ jJJI j^ L^)j SopLi. l> V 1 ^ ^^i 1 '^!j ( oIpU^j jI>I ) JUJI ^ji
intermittent Industry industrie inter- , ,,,,,,,,
W r-J introjection ^.Uil ^Uai-i ^tAk^lj
mittente ittiuil J^ iilLall t, , v, *
"j*— jj* «*i-« «y internalization ^tAk^V lijl^
L,J .jij^j Ui^ ji. <\j^ ^ j|| ^t^ail i^JLa-Cj ololl jjjSj Jp Jo_, JUJI ^tAk^VI
Interment enterrement -iajl
personality structure il^-ill tli : jkl
international agreements conventions
burial : Jil Internationales i!j)aJl olSUfVI
internal migration migration interieure ^ j,^ l^ ^ Jjoil UoiJ jjl oliUVI ^
iU>-laJl «>rc$!l .i»">UI si* U «v«c Jll a^l^l aia^'j iJ_,j ijjjlj 4»">W
oujl j* jlSLJi JUx;i J fji J\ iy^\ j> ola_il^ kiJ l3^j ji v ES3i u ^ Sjii
. ^>Si-\ } ^ali y^, J^i jail Jl ili}i!i cjlili : )fl Jl i^.L»- ii^j, treaties
INTERNATIONAL LAW
224
OlJL»U.j ~LaJI ola»U»T t ^LJI *jl_l»JI Oli i-UI
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individualization of punishment JU-l
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INTERVIEW, DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT
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INVIOLABILITY
j»ljlall Jjti3"^ fw»lj j;P Jtiy ,ja*j ji t Lj^fi ji
Investiture investiture
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investment investissement j '^'- M' - ^
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inviolability inviolabilite l»^\ . iUa^til
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I'oligarchie
oligarchy : Jil
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irratlonalism irrationalisme iliSui-'All
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irregularity irr^gularite -u-l^l «JUw .iijiJjl
abnormality : Ji'l
isolationism politique d'isolement aJIjuj^I
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Journeymen's societies societes des
compagnons fUj»ll o.^
<uUJIj .5-L.aJI j^ jjSo' CJIS" ^1 oUJLI j>
tiji-. d_P- J, Ja-j jT^. J J.U- JP SjU ^iyJI jl
guilds tjjljlijl : jU;l
judgement or judgment jugement «ioJI
jAj l iy/ijj\ a-Uii (_jjjl jjoil j» (jlaiil J »^>«JI
»lSo-NI jl J^IT cJjjj ^.J53lj Jj^aJl J«^o t/ill
quantity iSsJl - \ : ^j o^ji. <ujl JJ ~JU
231
particular i^u- } \ universal i.L* jj£; aij
affirmative i^^. j_£j ji } quality i^L&l - T
catego-iXj- o£j jjj ii^Ul - r negative iJU y
disjunc-iLii^. j I hypothetical i±>jl } \ rical
proble- iJL>-l jy£; j»j modality i^JU - i tive
apodeictic S^-i y assertaric iilk. y matic
Ahi\ 4, C_^. ^»J y_>" ^l ^U J ^SUjIj
(j iJjLJI v^j-^ 7«JU» <_?'j !X£\ _)A jl Jjiil jj->~i»
. i-_i iij* Jl L^i J^jll ^lk-o M ^!l Jl_^-S/I
Judgement, moral jugement moral
^ j'
<0L; L> J^fr (Jt «^>JI Jj^iJ '^t*-*^'
J J! ^ j^ j* W! (/•>. ii" i . wi -' ^ v
J-"
judgment, value jugement de valeur
value judgment : Ja>\
Judgment sample echantillon arbitraire
Jl Lo> oly_ U lit C_^UI l^vi «_£>«; joUi ilk
jj-Ua j& tAi IJU, . d^JI J>^- *~-»«J. i_JI J^'
.OL_«JI oJUk «JU< U ^ajCJ Ji ^!l o'lj^jjl .LL-s-VI «-»*>■
judicial psychology psychologie juridique
ujTy^' ^r^ J >j? tj" i—i-ll J*lj«!l ^jJj
^Ull J jij; ^1 J^iyij i^ j^+lj ^Ij _._^l_,
. ipii^ij -jl>w-!lt »£»jij
t^J - *--? '^r^-^ i— iJI ■— »j^iaJI i\e-\jA lJ-LjI-jj
' "V^ 1 J y>" ti" J*lj*!lj jT-UI Jp ^1 ->
L«j tf^jil J (jT^ill --—i; J .UjVI yi ^jOj L»T
JURISDICTION
Jjji l» jj-j ipliVlj iiUw-llj »U)I ^IJI <o jjjj jl jSO:
judicial review revision judiciairei-tL-aill-Je^ljll
,_-._, Uf Jil -_-UVI OLJj3l 4-JUiaJI ,*«>-ljil ^j-T
a/ Uxp liiiij ckj^V 1 ij^^'j *Jj4il Jl>-j J^f
if-j^J~ *i) jl < '^jxSvil j^**j}\ (JaJliii ^jiljiil a-L» jl
. Lit i-i_«li
judiciary ordre judiciaire tUaiil .jUaiil »lkJl
jijSi J^i tsJJl J^uli ^ ikjl Jl ^t>lW.Ml ^_
,« ji it lbjl .^.jl^j oUiill (jwuj Lf-'lkL-j «£"b«ll
. «^3 jl ^_ji J!l iJjJUll OUIj^-^lj
judiciousness sagesse £j£*Jl
wisdom . Jil
junta junte uf^r* o*^*
t^tAil jJI At- i<j^j>JI jJp jk ; ,...? iwip jl iJ-
^j-Jb^til IJJh Ll* 1>JLjj i«-L*JI L^l^p-I jj^i^ l^j^
. LiU-lj UUajl j ^l^- f>J
jurisdiction juridiction iiUaill ikijl - \
(JX»j OU-jUllj ^jU-oJI J> J./iillj jiiiil *kl—
5_^>-l j I JJjjJI lijly" CJlT lil UjjOj-j ikl_!l oJL»
V^xJl ^ oUidl ji ijlj^l oUidl jl ajo!l
. .LiSlI jl ^l^-iS/lj jTL.Sn J*
territorial *^*^ ilUiiil iUJi jviij
Li j. L,- i_»^ULI L.'LkL- xTL' Jl jurisdiction
Jaj i U 5jjA>^ ^j^" J. i»-l— » Ac- tjj^-Ml J>*!l
tSjJL-l JUJ.I J*, U^U iJjjJI CJLT lil i^Ldl UjL»x;
. i»»J*MI U*^*J Vr**L>' Jj* /""j"
^Uwi-JII - Y
J iJUiiJI LjjJLlij ^stl L~i ( _ r -jU" jjil jjOjJI
. IfJU- <j0 fZ /^l OLpjLdlj LUaiil y^aJ
JURISPRUDENCE
232
jurisprudence jurisprudence
JtiZ »ii!JJj ^TUil \^c j!l io^Uil ^j^Jjl
£><»>• J^ J »ruJl «l£»-l yy^r J- «Uiiil »l£»-l
Jury system systeme de jury j^i' f&i
5Ua» \jj$*J ^jil_jll ,ya*i *r^y : . l/'- 1 — : f°^
4»-j ^iiil ^y^ ^1 lili . ^Uil ^^ J jVjvU
' iSj*JM (~^ i*»U- it-. I (jsiUJ.1 Jl i^il ( _ r _;j
just wage salaire equitable JaliJl ^l
ti_.lv. ii_*. <J Ji&j J»U!I o^>- Lli ,_jJUI yc^l
iiij jr j i-^ji ^ui jL^ni j ju-L tsjjij
... jji j~*ii ^>j>j iJ>i-Uj i^^iij 5>Jij ^ir
justice justice ifCuil
JT illapl; ^^Jl .> ( pj Jjl Jjliaj U jft JjJI
: Jl_ i j . .^ISj-l J SUiiJI 4, ^S-^r.} *»- J*- ^P
commutative justice jiGl jiCijliii ill a*
ji j> JT .>"_, iaiUl oli">Ul ^iU; J\ ilU*D
ol£« jl ij^iiiiil <u_iJ OUJI jjj ^UlT <ti>- jUJI Ja*;
■ i^lc^-^l
distributive justice if*, jyll iillullj
JSo jji ^1 olji*)l jwj Ol_»l£j.l ^jjj f&*jj
y*. jUi, *i- jui jr .iwi j^i- jji aia*ji_,
jjlk, -u^^-j U jlT lilj natural ij*_l» iilop
J£->- jjSL" i!U*!l jU l«^1»> J Jj-iJl i*~,lj o-U-li
jjliaj <u^l_, U jlT bl Ul conventional iili"l
jU ti»U- ikL, iiyiC LjjJli^i *!>l . j^Jil j^ 5-U-li
. legal isj\i Jixs- jjSL" ilia*! I
justification justification J>_J3\ . *jjL3l
jkjj OjliJ J jyiJI Jl>o jl y* cr _iJI A j ^_jJI
>U
,1 M,
IO» J ^__ — II /ufjjj ■ JWP jl U^u jl blj jjj
**~»i L* ux ' j' jl&^j tlji-ll Oj, -i^-jj" J 1 5jAI Jl y_^l
. <u» jxi Uj ji i*yi
L*X^ i-3^jJ^-«j-JI
-Ul
J*
Ujl y_^l
(5_^i U J>J e—5-jJ ^Lki-I Lj^L- jj jy" if-Lji-l JjlxJ
. *«»jUj U JS' ij^iyj iJji-!l li»
juvenile delinquency delinquence juvenile
delinquency, juvenile : jM
juxtaposition juxtaposition
Ji
'l*JI
. y*-\ ^-Jl^ t;^ 1 ,*-^J /jP Uw ^Jl 4JUJI
4 SjL-i 4_j^j*y« OjSj i*plw? J I 'Lot-sis ^'-"J AJa*-l^
K
kermess kermesse o^l kidnapping enlevement ^lki.^1 '<Je±
oUldlj iUSli ^i^ j f u: oU o!3U>. abduction : Ja\
.,,-.,. ". kindred parents o ill^l
-b-^Jl i^aji^ ^J_) -^>-lj J-^l <^* 5j-b*xl* <pUj-
kakistocracy cakistocratie ^1 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^
l,j J_i; iJb- ^_, -( ^ji ^ji ^ui jy
o^r ^j^l jl«JLI ^-^ d-^ ^LJ! ^ oli^UI klnder Sarten jardin d'enfants Jl&fs|l iijj
katabolism catabolisme «o$!l
social katabolism '^P^l f Jil : >il kinetics cinetique aT>JI ^ clS^I
key job fonction de base aLj'M i£]i2\ r
" -^ kinetic energy ir ^1 SO :o Jd\ As, j Ju,_,
. JL~)I j- ^ ^ ^!l s/-|ilJ kinetic memory if^\ if\3]\
kibbutz kibboutz ^ ^^^^'^^"V'c^^^-
^Ua*-^U i~bil 4_l_*Jl<jlkinetic sensibilityijT^Jl
. *». ^lii y >, y^., ^ ^ >Ulj jUjS|1j o5UJi . ^ ^ "^
. vu* *.* u,!,. * ^ Gidlj ^„ ^ " _ ^ ^
. 2j-l>JI ijjUJI kingdom royaume sS£J.\
collective farm ^uii ^Jj[| . ^ ^J ^ .^ ^ ^ ^. u ^ ^ ^
KINSHIP, RITUAL
jb-ir JHi\ f ikJi jijj ji J>\jjc^\ j&d\ j>-
kinship, ritual parente rituelle JtUikil illyiil
Jc- N 4_iJij Oli">U ^Ul Jc- ?y£ JJI iljill ^
godfather -V^ ^Ijjil ji ^ a)l ol»">U ^ui
J UUI j>US^ jjJlJJI godmother Vj"" j'
kinship system systeme de parente ilyiil j_j
^jUSlI L-.f>. ^1 jlj^Nlj jTI^JJ ^aiiil J-JI
J^»l j* j,jJ»^II jl ^Ijjil Jjjk j* p-^*ri Jj^ 1
matrilineali^^NUl^ill JUNi »JL» ik»i j-j
patrilineal kinship i^NI ^'^'j kinship
.totemic kinship ^Js^Ul ilylllj
kleptomania kleptomanie aI^_JI 0>>-
knights of labour chevaliers du travail
0-i>-l -J J-»*S' >-jU»^*I <L«jU< j* Uj>- l/^ ^^i
. JUJI oLUi -U; Ijj I^Uk C.U- l j>- Up J^jJ o«u Ijj
knowledge connaissance isjA.\
Cj\jj*o^\) ~»U1Ij »l£»-Nlj Ol.U'.«ilj (JUII ipj**
5jjXl< oNjUJ. i^i jUNI i^uJ jjSoJ ,JI ijjXiil
. <, *wi .uni, y>uwi ^
discursive iiSlai-Nl ijill lu f ijil J* ii^JLlj
234
empiric knowledge v!^ 1 •"•/^j knowledge
iL>Q\ S»jillj sensible knowledge <^-*Jl ii/^j
technical^ iljioi : Jl* US' .vulgar knowledge
^Uall oli JL^-I SJjljj: iLail iJjI-ui) knowledge
iJjljJJ trade knowledge il^. iijloi, ti^^lj^Jl
. i-<t> i-f- iJjIjf <I./»'H
kolkhoz kolkhoze jj*i£ - 4^-U^J 1 itjji'
iijUl Sjbl Ujj <J jj«-j!_)Ll l*>.-^ «-j>
. \^YT i— Jc> l?jL».| Lj iJl^lNI JIT, iJjaJI JlkL.
i~0y A* «lj »WipNI *J»^J. ji-*« *Pj_^l >.-^J
»Uip!>U ^J^p^'j .<*jjl-l rUI J* i^LJL i_iiji ts-iil
OUIjill «J( Vjjj ilasJI ?vli^i ijr* :> ^ *^ ij ^~*
. p-^jJI li» J^j' tj JU>-NI iJU- tj
. Jjoil JjUJI ^J>JI Jl
komlntern komintern OjC^jSJI
^^-ylljTJil y>j illdl JJjail -»b jjw.j$3l Jsyu
\^\^ i_ J^iji J_ij t it>UI «^- ^ i^jjill v'j*"^
t- ^ii ^' j_^ jUa; Jp j^ij *JUpI ><^ fLau
kulturkrels cercle de culture
^uSi 41i . 4^' 'y^ 1
i^jUU! ^UNl ._^iil Jp OUa-*Nl IJl» Jjo
Cj\Sja ie jl ^SjJj pjtl'j 4-ilill ^ Jaj> Jil iJliNI
jkU« J 7«iJ^" Ol^i y? jJp , ~ J j$' iiki^A iJLSJ
jji i^S~J.\ IJu» JiJl •) t l,j _^li jjll i*»UJI iiJai4j
^^ j^ jl I^Sjt 4Jl ^-ohj ^ r -S' ^JJ a\y^j» L;^; jl
235 KURTOSIS
kurtosis kurtoise £°j&\ ^^ ^.eJi ^ mesokurtic ^>Jl J^ji.
^n ^jlj&JI ^jjdl j^. j£i .L^VI J C 11 - 1 ' u-U 1 ->■> £ ^ U ' leptokurtic , Co* i j£
jj£ ^jUJI ^jjdlj .^UjVI ji i.l_JVI ijrji ^U- ■ platykurtic UJ^ j£j
label, trade union etiquette syndicale
4&| iiUaJl j\ £}U)|
JU* l$.«.,'wa.u fjij Jl »1~JI jjt p*y Xt^s-
**^~" t J > tf*" '- 1 *-**" *^ >r~^J "J=^ Jlc-aS' Oj~i\Sb
. jj>-M SiLjj ^Uic-Nl c_i" Jl ^jjj It
labour travail XJi\
J* j«t!l j—ii J a, jl Jip ^jljl j_^£ J^JI
0~i« ^pLoal Jsjjk JJt>d iolil jji-j iolll tLi^l
. jyiJI iwaiti l^i Ji>^J ip^»-l iaJ=j 4Jl US'
i^jljiJi^" J i»lil y^bJI j^ J^jJI i^J jjJLiij
^Irt-M *UI ^r-^~ jUill la* jV i 5^ ii ifS Jl
. 4jP^»-MI -ill i^-jj ^r-^~ ^
J_c' M ijUdl i^U-j ijlaill ^^1 CJIT aij
i^^J cSjJy^ 1 J-«^ *_JUfSllj '^ -*«~ ■JlS'j J~*-U
J-** (-J ^JIT jji.l~ l^lTj ^Jjj»JI 4 rr^'s*} a>
. 4-Jiiil Ol^^il J ^1 ipt».M JwJI i^S
jl Ob-AI 4--LJI ij-Lill j. y* iJSL J^aij
Oij^ai jlji j. u jjj^ii Up! jjSi ji oyiJi
. iUUIl UJall jju, f aif ji ji
labour, compulsory travail obligatoire
J* jl>Sll f ljil 5> — II ji cSjLrM J^Jl
. t*r-f-j OjJj If. 0_j4^i J' JU*^ll »Li)l
Cj"^>- k___; (j^j* Jl oUaiJI tliliTj jUii «£>-
. 5jj»JI JU*I j* J^jljUl
labour conditions conditions du travail
j»iijjj>
iolilj A^iail JI_j»-MI fj^f J-jJI '-'jj^ .l./i.ii
4 < lv .» j^j iSj^ J' «-t^» ^ oJu^ If' I il 5JI,-' 5j_^2j
. ij&c* Jl
Jl J-uJI <->>> CV.J J* 1 * 11 *»*-> (> >>" J' tH 1
J, J-UJI ^ ^ I. Jf JjSlI J* £>.j
( ... TsJI ii^Ljj t ajl^>- tSfrLrfil cAjj^-") < „» ■ ]■* ^2jji>
(j^Lr 4 ^!^ |»-«— Jl f l_jil i^al^-j <r*^' u - ''^ 4 ^ "W»j>u ^
• i'JU <-lj3l
• til J«UII iU«l Jl i£*j>_ L» -JS - v^' i>* fj^iJ
i-xil jjjU J ^A^\ »oi!l jLi j. jIT oij
J<c»- jl ^L^iJI ( _ J _iJI At-) uL^ill i>^aJlj i^LsaJI
jj-k^JI i— Jjjij oli j .:..,.* ja^ ^wlj* jla_^l j*— il /^
.^UU U»>y v-jfljll ^% ilijll j. JjSlI -bJI .juJ,
237
labour conflict conflit de travail ^JU*!I fljjl
fj* ti-iil ,/Ui.! £ljjl SjW JUJI ^IjJl- _L*i
.&> }J S, jl J.JI v___; ^| i^U J. ^ Jjy j\ ^IU*
jr^iil JUJI jap jlT lil ipU>- ipjldl ju^'j
V^ 1 ^ ~ |^*^*- tSJ i ji 0&. <i^y v»Vl j. L>
i*Ui-l JwJI oUjU J^Jl OU^; ^ -j
J^UI ji JLJI ^JU- J. ^I^VI 05UI Jl ii\* ^jj;
Jl t?JJi L?ill y-S/l t J— 31 l^U. ^-iUr j- SLiiil
Cf ^-*»" J» Up jUii JU«II JJa«;j yu*. f.j»j
. jh\ j ^i>^i
labour contract contrat de travail J»*Sl j&
■u-i
J-" 11 -*** j~«;J -j*-' Jjli* til^il jl J-* <_^U>
*^J* j 1 ^^ J t^-i ^! u^j^ f J^* *-»jl" JJp
pi» t ^1 J»>!l L. ^jd, oUljJl Jjli. J oUljJI
*i J Ji lSJII J—II Jjli* J j»-VI £0; J-JI v^ 1 - 5
labour deportation deportation
des travailleurs j^ j^jj
JLp ULiiif ij, ^sjl ttji 5jU j»oix^_; i-U>
J j\ j^aXli Jl J JwJIj ^U iijj Jc pj^Jil jO
labour dilution adjonction de main-d'ceuvre
non qualifiee i-ii*±S Olj^ll ol*~*l
W.j-*' iiff j-**' J^i 5 j-*«j j»ijj tiJ^j ^j-—" j jij*i cy
LABOUR IMMOBILITY
}j »op *JU- J kiUij ijja^ll SjULl ^ji JLJI
. «JU!l SjLjJ.1 ^ji JUJI
labour economics etude economique
du travail J»*ll oliiUaJl
^1 ijUiiVI oU-^jll «.»>. J^i; ^Jl iJjjJi
Lfxjj^j Lj jOJj iUUil J_il iotas' JUjJIj J^JIj J.<i:i
J-WJlj J^JI oUUj ilUJIj J^JI j^j ^llj jlyct-l
... jil jj=r^l ^jUJVI
Sabour education education ouvriere
i^l^Vlj L;UJIj i^J.1 j^l>JI ^ J.UII jljpl
labour exchange bourse du travail
JJj}Jl k--^ . J««Sl a-^j>;
ijju j ij^il oliliil «Ui*-l *j f^^r. (/■*!' jl^J.1
rli-Ulj i> ywil *j-jLi iviiJ (J jjjju^j 5U^-lj <«U3^« jl
• p-fJU*- JP
cf. employment office
labour force effectif de la main-d'oeuvre
iluUJl S)&\
J JjU^.1 ^ (^jjl jlSLJI j- .jJLi fciJJj ^
jJI IjiL jjjjl jljiS/l ^»- J^.j ^jUrfiM J.LUI
J^L* V jjjjl jljiS/l J*i: US' tj^Lii; V> jj*; (JJI
human resources i'^L' jjl^i : ^1
labour immobility immobility du travail
'^ Jl J»* j^ Jl*«!l JUil jJii
JS*-^ Vj^-'jd (Jl' <;j<wa!l jl JLjJI 5jJi »J*
■ ^j'i* J* Ij^tpl li-ill »4Up
LABOUR LEGISLATION
j~ji tij JUjJI *»JJ iji }\y- Jj>-_>i ^/J Lie- V^-"
labour legislation legislation ouvriere
•IkJI j. ju* Jll J^jJI olji-. aa>uj 4<JLp^/I
Ji>v< Jl»-lj Ojili j J^-Jl \lj\ju_jiZ SjIp />^J .fWI
. LiJa; J^-Jj LJJ fyrj" **■_/-* S\ iS^y.J ' Vc! J-*^'
labour market marche du travail
JUJI aJ i*j i^JJIj JUJI jp JUp^/I uk^l *-»
SJL.JIP U-ljJl «i Oaf (^jjl »U!I JUll j*J -J**! 1 u^
iikiJil oli^UI aJ}U- ^j jSj; ^1 J-Jl L»j>!
oii^^-^ij ^jt, juji ^ jij»-lr uuMj j-jj
. JlwJI JJja J»j> j> illi
labour mobility mobilite du travail
labour movement mouvement ouvrier
4CJji tf>ii
iJiil J*UJI ^Iji ^jj. Jp ^Ua-^^l li» tU
Jr^--* J J 1 bj» «'r" (^'j*- 1 UJ-»^ J^ 1 V. f J* i^'
(J i^Jl ("r*^" (J OlSjsJl oJA pyiJ3 '-^V V *— **.}
j^-j ^j . ij)\j£) iiUailj V'L*. • >— ^ Ol»bfl
J L'Jo_» J v* 1 * 3 V^J ^-r*r *i! ^r ^l*^ 1 »■*»
Uuk iiliJil a^JI ^ L-Ja_» 4 ^^ j' -^' a-*
238
L^Jj U.U- *JL±> iyrj Jp iJUJI C^>JI i$J*Zj
l^>JUa« JUai! jUj UJail »i* ^-j _y«i; ,j»- ^4^ ^
. U»JUa. jp ^liall li JiS >yr)
^U^-lj J«i a/ UJb iJUJI C^>JI CJlT Jij
labour relations relations du travail
t ^^Jl ^j JUJI ok oli^Ul ^JUoJ UJ J-i:
lliA\i ^-"li^p IJS'j t — jjJU j\ j^jJUjj ijvj (»ri->
On Ol»*>U!l iu-IjII UUc J—i: US' i*4^JtM^J |^ll
UJI ^jk^l uhj JUJI oLlij oLtill Oljbl
labour reserve reserve de I'emploi
j^jUl-'i/ jl «J p^j f Op ^_-j ^1 J»JI Jf- OjS»w
■ ^J^J
labour shortage penurie de la main-d'oeuvre
tJUl Li jlaj, Jll OlijVl J ij»Uill oi» J^-J
J^a; Lo^ J\ overemployment U.U1I i^xMi Jp
labour statistics statistique du travail
239
LAISSEZ-FAIRE
J— Ji oULj j^ij aukji_, ^ijii^'yi jiu-j
... jJI J-JI
. iUUll ^jil i^UJI i_.LJI -,j J _ipLj
labour turnover rotation du personnel
Jiill Oljji
i.JiJl> jUd^fl i^i ^UJI j_lp J jj& Sy>Ui
ir-J ^U Jp J^i! oijjj Jj« ^_^.j . l*V _,i
-k-^ Jl i_«> iji J i.jij| jjTji jail jjJUJI
. SjUll till" J j^UUll j-U-
. JoJl^JI j» ojjj JjuII IJU fit, I jl il J-jJI
u-^ <J J* w ' u~^ '^ ^occupational stability
. il_jk o-t> J*ji!1
labour, localization of localisation du travail
JUmII ^By
U**i 3 />~»J' lij 'j^il owijj 5j#ll JUJI J_.
labour, predatory travail predateur
>_JUl JU*i tgjjiil jij giil ji JU1I
. -lo^i jai jij^ij ^^^vij s^iiiir
labourer travailleur luJi
*;.>-* J . j* j' ^.j- 1 ; VLpI t^jjj jsl j I _5"i IT
labourer, agricultural travailleur agricole
agricultural worker : Jil
labourer, margin travailleur marginal
cfcbJI Jjlill
^ _^Sfl ,>i*l lij J~JI Ja^ gj-ill J.UJI y>
lady almoner assistante medico-sociale
£#U»-)|I «£>*■*! I 4j/-Iav»-^I
almoner : jW
lag, cultural retard culturel i^-*^ 1 J>ik3l
C_^> 5U"JI ^Lp J^ jjl ip^_ j jjlyjl J^taM
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laiclsm laicisme
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LAND MARGINAL
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land reform reforme agricole ^j-f-tjjll r^Uai^l
cf. agricultural reform
land settlement colonisation des terrains
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property : ^k;l
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city planning t,all JoJak' : ja\
zoning ooll «-£
240
landlordism, absentee landiordisme absent
4uji &iu
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language langue a*DI
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j. ^-t J ^a^_ j>J J^i ... jJI iJiJI LrUUilj
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Jil U! living language i»Jl iiill : Jlij
Jil U! standard language ~4?"') ] '^>
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large numbers, law of
loi des grands nombres oJlisJI alopSlI Ojjl*
jS ^\*r) sampling oLUllj oL^Ul ^j*
prediction indexes j3Jrtl:>jj\SLJiol»L»-l j«
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241
large scale production la grande production
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latency latence Oj^jl
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LAW, SCIENTIFIC
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law loi / oJull
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. «;«I>1< (jJlk- jX Jj^" jJI
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criminal law 'JbLi jJjuii
common law ^ilili jjfuil
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jJtbuWj (j-ltl JwiJlT i j»»J iiy' 5j>-lj iijJ^ j jjJlill
law, natural loi naturelle ' -\ H" ojiUJI
natural law : ^l
law, scientific loi scientifique ' Jull oJiUJl
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LAW ENFORCEMENT
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law enforcement execution de la loiOJJUII.Ul3
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jlj > cp"j u?«— N j' iiljiJlT Sj^Jll ijiJI 4jp Jy
. ic jJLI i*-\Ji Ojlj LJiT Sxi
lawlessness dereglement
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leadership leaderance, di recti visme Sidjjl
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situa- juijll sSlij ^ix-j ^.^l, j^Ui; j, ^j
SjUIIj i_*. aii_^ J j Jj4 ii, juJltional leaders
Jti^ ojiji Oi^ (•*> creative leaders jJjScIil
iiouir l*3j— i J* jijWi 5iU ji j^-oj U4-„...
242
Sj1» Jl J«JI <-Jj^*' ,j«l— I Jp S-sLSil ot^djj
jjUJ; jjiJi pu»j democratic leaders C&'^jj*.*
**j dictatorial leaders dajj 1 ^.-*" "^'j
jo'LJI J ij^US^jJI JjUjll ^Uiw.1 Jl jjUij jiJJI
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laissez-faire leader- i^_^i «*- 3^>Ji ^U!ij
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J 4pLJ-I iTjLL. ^l collective leadership
J j»^dL| 05UII jljiil jjj J_po Lf Oljlyll itfl
. 4pUl|
leadership, political leaderance politique
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league ligue i£^ji t iiii
JjJ SOP j- i_»L_ll i^Uil j. L»aiJI 5jIp j£ij
243
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learned societies societes scientifiques
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ijJJ* jl jjj j^^J jU jjili jjjjjli .L^Sll ^
learning instruction Jtcli
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SjOillj UaiJI j. j^lj .bS/l i^ ^1 ^ 3> j|| fai -
^l pUl t J^iJl ^1 : ^jui ol>; ^
iwl *lk>
leasehold system systeme de tenure
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j^i .^JvSn iMi jjp .i> jijii xujj, ijLc-ij
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left, right gauche, droite
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LEGAL MEDICINE
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jUlk I^J r ' <^_ ^ j^\\ ,\jj\ ^t 1^ ^^1
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legal aid assistance judiciaire ii\^&\ jjid\
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LSU' Ul ^jll i* j. iJUiiJI ji^jll «»j jp aj^p
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fj-JJ ijbVlj iJLiill Jljj^l f_,-j ^ kiUi jjij
lS>Si OujIA\j iJUill oli^p)ll jjj ^ij JUdl
legal dispute conflit legal ^Ull pljJl
dispute : ^l
legal Institutions institutions judiciaires
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legal medicine medecine legale ^f^iJI L-Wl
medicine, legal : ^;i
LEGAL PROCEDURES
244
legal procedures procedures judiciaires
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j_*i)l j*U,j .^IS^-N! JLiJj lUill J^"j ^Uil
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legal sanction sanction judiciaire
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legend legende »jj-M^I
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legislation legislation -'^i
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legislation, social legislation sociale
social legislation ; J^\
legislative authority pouvoir legislatif
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245 LIBERALISM
leisure class classe improductive jtVill «i . j>iJl i-i J^v jl j£* lS^-* J* 1
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^Wl ^y_il j. Jpi ii^ ^_^_c ^ ji y*\<V^ awi ,/-> poverty level >JJ JiSll ^ylil Jl
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• ^' o»b -»' ls^ 1 O'^y j; u_»ll ^_^ ju-ji &y -ui social level
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leisure time activities activites des loisirs ..
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£$i oilji jkJi
standard of living i^_*ll cJ^-* : Jai\
«pI> CM,\ j iji\ UJu J!l iliJI ^1^ ^»
U- y oUjiij ojJI i^ljir oW j/j Jij levlrate levirat IjyaiJl -r^l &jl j* £Jjjll fuij
J»LsII 1p Ji JIT
• LT <_s~ ./ jj^ \^. } \ ,|iil As-| iUjVl l»Li£r r-Jj 3 Silt
oliji SjL, j Jp J^Jl oIpU ^i^iki JpU Ji, ^\ oUljdl JiLki_, ij.jp S/l£ii .IkJI lj* JU^j
v_ii» j ^_^i ji ^jj, j>.jji £ls,i ji ur .m^i j^jk jjjijjjij j*ji .uj» oiTj .^>-i ji Jiu; j*
• J** 11 i> o^-V 11 u^*J j^ 1 ^-^ "^ • ,lli;) ' '- 1 * ^^' A ^' 1
Leninism leninisme i^Jll liability responsabilite ^\'yfo\ .&JL±\
V^jUJ lSljx.lO<m - \AV.) jJ v»J> jrt jt, j] ^i y ^^ eUtJU fji _ ^u itjjl
J~!i j-kli j>, ^jJi c *^|l V s^l ^>- jil _ ^T ^^ j, tt.
liability for ^ jl» >l _>~ ^J/- 1 • , : Ju i^
oj^l iib^ ol*L^- jj ilij j* o^ Jij ^jj iiijt .lii, ^ijS/i ^^ .ijji ^i relatives
;ji~ ^^S/i jp lil^. t^—iP -uljtr j_i l,-. JT | j^ j| ^ ,^^- ^^ji ^^^ ^ |^_ ji$- , ^i^j
. ^^i ^i—iJi j» u^^-i; ji ^ji iy j, jj, y, \j^ ji j\ t iyL- jij .bSij
. oi_^S/ij s^S/ir
lesbianism lesbianisme, saphisme JuUl
» t <! JU V lj*2» j_jSsj jl iiiJI J>^— i jl> J»jli<j
Ji^ J*- Ir^' J^" or" 1 -" 1 J*- f^i iS"^ 3 >^ . . ' . •
4i«JI tbl »jlil jj^; jlj ii S3l jp Ij»-Ip jjX; jlj
. ^i«-II Jf^ojj «L-Jl JN (^J-l JUaJ jl ' ,
. ju;Vi Jp ijjii
sexual perversion ^__Li-l jjiill : Ja\
libation libation i^.'t.i U y 5JL»*jfb a_-^-^Ji
level, Income niveau de revenu 'J>-jJI j,'?~» J^. u Jp ijjl >_iL- ^_,iUi y. ^Jl LU ,>wii
«ip J-a>o ^jil ^jjjjl X'UII j* jijjl iS7~* Jj^2>JIj SA\I »Lij^»^ 4 V.r^. j' l^.- 1 ^ j' v>jJ^I
^j»i_il I j» j* juu Ji, 5j j>k> i^j ijj IS - iA^ J J^ill . L.'jPj Iv'il"'"' - L^
living wage i^«li j, JU_ ^JJi ^Su jiS/i j»JI
, .. i. ^ in ,-; ; liberalism liberalisme ji"2\ w^jIi .i'jy^Il
j*) subsistence level ^jCSi Sj-^* Jl J>>ll fji'j *o>»!l ij*Jl J* 1 -^ iil-^i^ 1 hjy^
LIBERTIES, CIVIL 246
^ °y^.j.i j/**i J'jiNI iSjJ ^l 5j>JI oiUll Jc life after death; afterlife resurrection
jJU!! Ji»o ^i^l ^Wl jJUil ilii S) JjJiji ^j* ^ i ^ 1
. -Uil
jlilii'l Uaiw J^'j . Odl Xu SLjJI kUJX X^i
jjjcJ] *JliHJI SliJ >w C-*~*vj i j^>cJI OUJ 0»j
. io jjl i j-JI •*
Ji ^Nl SUJJ jlx^Nl jli ^Lill oiA Uij
^oJlj aljbJIj Sjt^L iL^idl ^jiUI J*- -*^>i
f Li ^U J* fJ i ^.L, f Ui; ; iJJ ij^Jlj ^^ ^y .^ ^^ .^^ ^^
tjiyi) j» g^. life chances chances de la vie SGJI .ysji
OjLlij; lf.Li »UaJI IX» ««S jjl iijjjl J_»i Lf
<ii) j». jTy «^i tS-UI ijiti j-ldl Jl^-^l
j^>o" ^ Jii jl jt>^_ jl J ( jjl S!t>U j\ is-\^\
liberties, ch/H liberies civiles iJalt oU>«J( «>ij J 1 -V- 11 ^'jJ 1 ^ 4 «_-jU»Jl _,i J>lx»S/i ^
^_, U la*- y 3j jii ^ jjjui Lj^w ^lj oxU ijH\ life circle cercle de la vie x£A\ SjS&ll
J J > H \y- V. ■>-**} .i-Wi 4>J-^llj .Uli >Ji ; ... ... . ...., . . .,
^_JU* Ux*. ox. l»>- ^ ooll ol^lj s^Ul ol>Jl ^4 ^ ij^ii SjjlaJl j_^-_, .i^i
ol^>Ji ji ^i .jjjbl _,! Jui .i^i ^^y Xkjj ^ t JwJI t iJjJLI 5UJI 0MU1 ^ ^UJI j, vLJ-
v- il »- J* vi^.j J-* J*-Jb - JI i^-U jjj ^jU" oail ^xJLiJj j^-'IjIp Lj. CJ^ 1 J"j t/t*-"^! Jj^-jH
. ^u^li J-Ji Iju. oali J_yWi ^..tk:; 1^ . ^T^^^i^i . ^jl&ij
freedom : ^1 life cycle cycle de la vie jGJl jjji
•-**j J»-'^ ^V" iU— J< i_^i)l SUs- Sj^J j_j£i"
libertinism libertinisme jj^' -^^<
" '' '■ lS" J^'>'
^Ijll i^ ibUll v-LMl, _^ Li a^i JIT aa ,^ 1 jj u ^ ( o;> ^ ^ , ^ ) ajiU
api^iii f ijJMi .a* o ^u ^_, ^1 j o*i*v (i _ ^ a -^ r) a.^1 ^u ;u r ( o- \y — > •>
■ JJ^S P 1 ojL-_, 5UJI j ^jUil _uj| -^^ (i _ u _ ^ 0) s^'^i j^i^i - t ^ jt
immorality : >l ^^ ( ^ "*' ~ r> ) ^J l ^/ ( *- r- - na>
. ( t_ -\ • jji ) toij^-tll
libido libido jj-iil
o»L>- ol^ _j»JI J»-lj» ^ iU-y. JT >o'j
01 OTL ji > ^, 4i, .i4l 5>_>U ij^l ^_ ^ 5 ^_ u^ ^j, ^ ial> ^, ^jl j^ji,
• V-** V^r' i>.>» 3U. > J-i.M jx_bl ^^ , j^„ ^.^ klUi ^ ^^ ^ ^l^.,
iilkll Jp jO-JJl j.^ ju Hgjj;! xp W ^^ J J.~jU!I jlji^l oJU- ijv ^ x- Jl tjli;
247
life expectancy expectative de vie 5L>JI *sj;
jlSL, jljil l,j_», jl jy, j!l oljJI j-ip Ja-j>
oL?JI «iy -b-bj -,_JI > i_>t« OUi i^>UJI OL» Jl
. JlSLJI v ii jl **-Uj^ iV
life history biographie
biography : _Jil
life Instinct instinct de vie SL»Ji «jj>
jl 5UJI 5j;yi C^J ^i-l ■!"»- "i'j^J ^'JJ 1 ■!"»-
. death instinct
life Insurance assurance
sur la vie; assurance-vie g£ji Jk jl»£3l
J! J 1 ^ u^ 1 d\ ^Ji ji o-jll * f j^i -AS*- y
l»l Ua_j; jl aJU>- IjJbw UL* <uk- j^jl.1 4^*j < _ r ai»-i
bl jl too*' 1 ' ,y>>^ 5Uj 0<u jl *Jp j<$!.l Slij Jo;
. \ \ i..., ju jl iL>- Ul j<jLI Jl *»Oj *JL> Jjli«
IHe span longevite J**i\ sS*
j±y ilif y»j ;5L>aJ J^J.1 J^/l iUJL -Uai
ii* Jp jjill ^ JJ, Jaijij -iyiJI SL»JI JJa)
v >Sllj iiljjlj ^^ i'ljjil L^, j, J.lj*
. >T ji jl ^ j^ai ^ v,_^ oJ^.j .sujj f wi
life table table de mortalite «G«ll JjUi-
el—^Jl JjJ>- j^ajj t Oli_JI —*jli* -jfcl -^
tj* j**" J Jy-U^_ »Aj j-jJI OU» Jt ^Pj_y jlSLjl
OLijJI Jo*. ,_ — >. ^U- JT „_. jOp -Uij j>-T Jl »U.
J,-L>- ^-^ ^jjl f LlJ OaUII J.ul.1 y>_, ^ & J&
. i^LJ ^c- SL>JI
JTU- J *^J 1^ j* N 3bl SUJI Jja>-j
LINEAR PROGRAMMING
Jl»-j J-ijj tjl^LJI y: jjjii; ^ aj jU:....i s jlSLJI
1 -J j_JaJ !_.., ,■> - r-liVI j_Jai ">J*J uQ-r—^ 1 oU-l>-
JT oUU ojld olSLll ^ ^jJJlj v^'j Juk ^'
• Ji>
. 5L*JI JjO»- Je 5UJI Jp ^biJil uy.t)l
line organization organisation hierarchique
^igli ji ^1311 ,»^li t ^xisli ^1 jj j^fasli
^JUj- jfj, ^ oljbVI ^^ J«t ^jjl Jiall
(C 1 ^ 1 (i! i^-U 1 (^ gjLJ tSf-^ Oljb^) i-J^i
<j ^w»ji ji ^jiii-Ni t^ijii i_jj» ^ ^jiii-Ni
'tSjLi£-Vl ^L_Lll ji j4^1l : 4JuL_ij . ^j^JJil
. staff organisation
Syr S line of authority liLli Jai-i : Jlij
Jl »U*jj!l j^ oljJUJI aj JiJi' (^JJI (jJjl-ll u ojjA'
lineage lignee iiijl t t__Jl iLL
jv>Jj .iJj^. J^,i ^ 5>l^J.I v U^lj J_^VI
jjb*^ oi ,Jl clan Sj-iJl ^t \*-j-*j }£\ *-, — Jl il—L-
. patrilineal ^i\ *j j, J\ matrilineal
linear graphs graphiques lineaires
graphs, linear : ^Jijl
linear programming programmation lineaire
4^1 ^gi
jru- j>. ji j_^_jj oijj-uji ^j* ji sjl«ii ji_^vi
t-jjj^JS ji>c *ai_^ Sjjo^vLl oUjiS^VIj -»jl_J-l J^ii-l
. iS^: iilSj jsi fjyiil J^««; ji i50r ^\jj tS *i\
L»j«J i-<»0j *i_J» L^* iJaiJI jwl^Jli lSj* 1 ' 'J^*!J
LINGUISTICS
. oldl
linguistics linguistique oUUI J*
J^J -J^* J^— J-^" iilJI jvju ^JUI JU1I
l«;pi, phonology jfcjittt l«;£»lj £w £y» oUli
.syntax l» J* lyjstructure Li .£ jphonetics iijllll
^ ^i oSi ^iiiij am ^ j^t/i ujj
. jydl j ijilJI IfJL-j J^_ jlT til ^1
liquidity liquidite
iJjj-JI
literacy aptitude a lire et a ecrire
ii^Jij Tci^lii piihh
. it£!i
Irf'j literate
^iji-M iiO «£-^il»: Jli US' t illiterate
•jiw- £)U*^l ybj t pre-literacy ,£1331
ji 0>y U_i pij ^ Jil OlpLi-l «_**»_,! bfjlj»j/;M i)
. il33lj i.ljill
literature litterature
sMti
J\ Ulfj^jll ^J «UU ^ J* jydl ji j»
^1, jJil JliJU V IJULI J_JlI ^jll, jtfj Ui>_
iJLi-l iull Ijj^l ^^jtil ^ ^ Cj-> <J«»jLI
• (►r"L*-J (n-'^J (WO l ~» l/-^ 1 ti! ^ty""!
oyj'TJ «J ^ iJll 01 jUpI; if\i>-\ ij»\ii ua^lj
248
liturgy liturgie ^4$ cr^°
ijoJLil i_jtlUJ iL" lil^il tJiLi'j ^.oill 01(^31 0"^
rites
>l
livelihood gagne-pain
jl ^i — • Ujm »aj J^*^*-' *~0y. j)'^' *-^-^ r^^-
... ^1 i^s y*&
Hvlng conditions conditions de vie i£A\ Ji>-i
conditions, living : ^Uii
loan emprunt ,J>j^
iSX. \J>}& J| Ji; 01 ^yil 1 *> fj^. -lie- J>j&
iX> il^ X*- ^jCill 4JI oJj; jl J* tijiJI ^> <J-«
OjSv;" 01 J* J»*^ U^'y o^*' '^' °-^'^ <J^ -^
Jal_»l U- JJUJ 0'j Jjly OjX JUjJJ ^jyb\ tCj>
^j_il iUl j* public loan »U)l ^^Ij
lobbying tactiques de pression
JUVI J;> ^ V«;.-^l i=-AI »Lipi J ^'bil
«>U ULvj lobby iUT y. ji^ ^t>Ux^^l IJU^
249
LOGARITHMIC CHARTS
*Uapl; jjivij j,ji\ kUtiijI 5jlt U^. jjjo . jli^JI J
. i^Jw jJUi« i»J>- J ^-'Ij^jI J jJUl JUsi JlijJI
local government gouvernement local
d^i\ ijiy\ i jku £kji j^.
iUJI .JU gi a^-j ijT^Li iUJt .U" J^iu-MI j.
. ijr^i ;kui j^i
localisation localisation
/>*
jjUi« Jj-I jl SjU^/l jjUn a*-l j^iil LaLiic ,wi, JI
cjit
Hr
I ol
'r
. ijty\ J^
locali j^»-»ii J i— iJioLLJi jTyf ili Jli_>
i-iLi-^i jiiib^i ^> f^ ji jji-j sation theory
iik^ J ^~»)l \i*J>y jT^i i^L-y^l ji ii>JI ji
localisation of industry
localisation de I'industrie
4#-litf)l jS'JJ
localism localisme
■&i\
: i^.^S/l Sj^dl ol/VjII J Jli, . iUil OlcULl
JiJ £_ 12J, local agency d^- 4»^-
« ll>w« ijljj^ local community
i -U^ 4_kL,j l 0ca i administration
.local authority
regionalism : Ji;i
location of Industry
localisation de I'industrie ^pILaJI jej^\
j\ ^IwJI i»UdJ Jl&l ~jy)l Ul ^Ui, JU«i
OjI ^11 J»jjii\j J^I_j*JI jl U JlSC J UL^sJI .LJ
iil^J-l J^\yi\ j» L-»^j A-*A'j «*^' \r*} '•^ ^!
. ioUa^MI jl
- : ^Usil j>>JI iylt «_^J JI i^UH ^U-Sfl j.)
. iakJ.1 jj ^-J^ilL; »W il_>il ->_^-J — \
. Jati'.ll iS'^^J.I 5ji!l _jl ijijil y_jj — Y
. l ^ik«dl JUJI j» ^S" jj* j_)>-j — i
«-L^j O^Lai _jl OUtXd JpL«ail .lajx^-l jlS^I — 8
lock-out lock-out
ililil jl^ i jS&?l
iij' ii»a; 5UJ.I j*>U-l JI J~*!l i_j-Uj tUJI
. JUjJI •— jI^^I -Ui
.L'i ji Jj J^JI ^^U» <JI U- lil i^.l>. «-j^l ji.
. ^>j>*JIj J^j^l Olftlj^-I
logarithmic charts diagrammes
logarithmiques ll&Js-yW &Ql >y)\
^Ijllj jji"^' Jlj_j>J>l ~-i jl ^ ty*)\ 4 -^* J V-l—"^!
j_pjl Jp i.jl_dl OliLil J«/ iijk; JUI ~-j!l J
ja ^u\ iju ^jWi jui ^ji ^ .^jUi ^-.jii J
it-j^ijiS fLijMI OfrlviJ »j' Lrf>"^l ilaiJ -U*- ji«a!l
. \ a • . \ • • ioot «JI_^ J^i ,Jp i._jL_dl olj iJI »l»l
i-ui ^jUyJI JUI -v-jll J ui .r> • .Yo> -Y"
LOGIC 250
. o-v r« .rrv,o -rr» . \»' . w <~-ju» *Jiy, (/'j*-^ 1 ^V-" <JV Jj^j y* f^ 1 'V 11 j^" 1 -*' ^
f-ro" 0* £>)' 'J* ^~ J --> •^ l -^~ ^-J x ' i/* M ' jW e-ljil jl Ji«;j v'j?" **^ i$i*J \frJx-* o^*^
.semi-logarithmic chart '^_j\i-i Ja^u LJ-J gjg ^Ull ,_>« J;> j* ^j*. j£c ^j^ 1
. y^l ^~ il>_, ^jJI j iUiTj ^Ji . ,/lj»-MI Aj^k i*WI aa»JI
logic logique jjaill longevity longevite jiii ^Ji
t(C Ul JMju~ v I J>j jSUll j^ ^x ^Jil jOJl life s P an : >'
UiJli «^cil U*-o ,JI JpI»SJI ouUaij ijwsu . ^*-i ... . .. ,, ,. ,
<-■-'■ tt . . c> j- . _r. ^ . |ooklng-gla88 self I ego se refletant au miroir
jriiii ^j l-u j* c-ii j!i ^>m j. ^^jij
^ ^ ^ 3 ^ forma, logic ^ r^ ^ ^ •**' >*^ ' to **
■ -I. ■ • „" I I I Ml I .1-11 «T/ Jl ' U J^ V J 5 " <^J ' / (i^ 1 >^" LT^"' ! L»
. .> jj. jkii Y&i *i.i*.j i*ji ^>j. r**^" r ^^ a r Jkj ^"-' *" : ^ ,i <j* 0j ^^"
jl ^bji jkil ji logistic U^^Uij „ „
Lorenz curve courbe de Lorenz yjji LS >«i*
J;> jp ^iJI JUI vl-Hj J* Jlkj ^Jl Jkll
iJii j^ij ,>^jJi i_^J J-lS^lij j-iiiJi ^u^ <-« iii ' >w, Cr^-^ ^^ r J * U ^^" ^ f Ji * ; -'-
ii^j oa^ ii> ^^ o^j *^_ £> j^j iiUii • *— ^ ^'j'j^l ijii v-J'j ***^ f^ '^ s-^ 1
prelogical mentality jW (> Cr^-^ s *^* il oVt ^ ^i^ 1 '-r— Jl L * 1
loglcism logicisme iikil apjJI ,
love amour jiAil tu^Jl
. , , , u»j^ v>" ^>>-iJI *li« Li i'rU iJUiil i!l»-
. <cii»U- aj r jL — *. *i 4>»j «l — >-l
IX-i »j** f-^*J Jjil' JJ^-i •jj' 11 -* ' T ~>^' iilslpj
logistics logistique '^-/ J^ 1 • 't-^ 1 ^r^ ^ ^r 1 v^ ^ -^^ ^^ ^ f^ 1 v^
logic jkil : Ji;l l V ->' ^^ ->' Ui * i ^ ! Xj^y b ^- Si}
iS ^r 1 ' k_^JlT SJjOp ~»U; jJk^Uj i ij*^ ^Jr
Lombrosian theory theorie de Lombroso ^j^\ i < L j { _ ^^ ^^ } l J^,\, ) )\ } ^jttj iSy^j
JJJJ!°J 4jjlsi .neurotic love ^LaJl ^jil
251
_Up^i
.^Ji
a* Uf-y Lf. -*dJj» <Jj«iJ
v^-> narcissistic love iS ->-J'i v^*" J 1 olJJL
anaclitic love jjJL _Up^i
lower class la basse classe jiljl iiill
class, lower : y^l
loyalty fjdelite *Sjll
allegiance : J&\
lucrative capital capital lucratif jv^il Jill ^j
5^U f oi^_j |l jlj SUi Lo-UJ jj; Jll i^l
lumpenproletarlat lumpenproletariat
l iJ 1 ~W -SJlSs— 4 Lull U jUjjJl
,_»j» jjiil il>Nl Jp Ja_; ,/ljlil JLU ^«:
IjJiij Jle-ijl £^*ll j ^Jajl SUJI ^ ^jU- ~-
£j>^ >jy Y> ^ J** j^-.Ji ^j-4) J-«!i J ipji
. jJl oU-jllj jjjytdl ^iUJl Jli.1 JjJJ
lunacy alienation mentale jjyi j^i
jJU j*. Li^_ *i\ ^. Li jJiiu jlT j^Jul ^ ^; Jp.
insanity : iiy>r : Jai\
LYNCHING
lunch dejeuner ( CuJI
jlWj/l i^j j* jl_J)ll lijti JJI o'liiil i^jll
lunch room ^&\ Jjl2 iJLi :Jlij ..Lull i^jj
. pUUI uUj ily^l Lj JjLij jUIjLIj JpULL
<y- j^ikli j. £_,J lunch club «IjWi ^allj
^Ul> jjUJ Lj JjLJ ipLV^I oLuiJL <«^ll otil
. Jj»j ^jB-l _»j Jjli. *laill
luxury luxe jjj^ji
( _ / _UI iW^I J WU <ji Jp Jjjdl Jl jkj
. iiUJl i-^Ui j- ,>!» J,li <S3j wi^Jl
jv ife^-\l ijU. j» Jj\l Jij*±e- <J»j3l J~*bj
Cj\>_y—A j> LjLli Uj ipLj>-\l OLLlaJl J>o Oti »j»
i/*~ ux ^^W 1 j* J 1 ^ 1 jA>i\j >T Jl oij j. ii-«il
^jill J>-JlJI il%^.l ^ ijliLI ^i Jl*\l jjili-j jjt
oUoiJI jjili»j ijjt ,ju j i^LV^I oLUaJI (ju Wjj.
J>ll Jli;^ tj^ll v^i> i-»»JI OWJ ijlUI i^li^l
. JpLJJ ji
lynching execution sommaire, lynchage
0' jf- iy ^>^ J^. «UjJjl jl j^iLJLI .Li
: Jli j t jjiUII liiljj ja<ii LvS" apUj »_ j jl -5"Uo
ijjji jpijil! lynch law j'^ ^C&yi oy'i
. ^Uaj^l IJU L. X, ^1
M
machine 1- machine aJNI - ^
Nx a*SLjI>^ i«jc- iJu^- j_5^Jj iUlSc^ 3-^-j jl Ic-^
Ji>»«j jl U»U^1 j*-~ j' •>"" "kjS' liJ-^i U''- 5 ' i>*
_p«J -Ujdl abf'NI OYNI j_*t Jp OpU Ji)
Olpj',„fi« 7-lil J i^ji'j »*J!I Jj»jj jiUil ^ Ijiw-I
Olj_jla; Jl iJNl Oil kUJJJj .Sj^S' OUSy <-^>"J
OjJjJI LS £jlSL).l .will J r^NI jtJ^" ^.^ J V-I-'
jl*.U U: JLJNI a^LI jiy) r-^'NI <-J>Jl& ^Ar^J
. JUJI j-lji Oij «ljjj JU*!I oIpU ^h*^ ,J*-
vV JJ JUJl cJj; jwi jl Ji* J*^ ji Jt
Sjl^il jli ^ Clli 1^1 US' ~j ~£>^J Ij-'Ij -l~«)l
t Vr^>&!l iIU=JI jUil Jl OjIj l^ fj^UI j-UJIj
ONNI j* Sjji' Ojlji Ji>- vljil J ««iJil jl j^
. iio«il
2- organe
j^ 1
3j!I
a"
rj-^ J»~j
,l > 1 J>' a* L^-i-J
. 4i^l ^ -Ui; If JULJI jjj ifjj Jl J**" U*U!lj
. ^1 ^,^)i ji^ij ^M^i\
machine age machinisme *JNI j**
. ijblijil ^r-'J J***" '—•'J J?yi *i-«LI kSjr—*
machine theory theorie de machine
Jjl jkJI 4^ iJNi i-<>Ji ^-iii > J Jl*
L—^JU. £s_ i_~<»!lj U^il ol—LJl jl Ji«J
jp L _ r Jj i5^« ijT j*. 5jjU» o>Ij^j«; oils' y us
macrocosm macrocosme^li^ll } \ jja&\ JjSsJl
jj^>\ jiuii ^i jsii j. .> jiii. J j^ii (luii
oajuC ji ^jUj ^JUl jLjNI SjIp _>»j microcosm
UJb OUiiUlj .4»_kU jyrjUJI .Uiil *;L^ J^UI
y;i)lj jUNI 4J ^_»; ^JJI y jJ^W J^j . Jlilk^
j^jil <t-» ^lij ol>jLSilj jL.Nl; «UNI *j j-U;
jS^. ^1 yiljlill ^j .jcJIj f liSllj OlpUl,, Jl^il
. s^SL. U-Uj l^li^">C
microcosm jjtil jjp jjS3i j^ >-J^. yj
i»UJI Ola^j Lrr oUl >^ ^Jl OljJJI j* j_^i ^siJIj
■ tfjJII
^i Jp Lii iJNAJJ macrocosm ijU »ai«^-jj
253
MAJORITY RULE
macro-management macro-direction
*I»uii sjii^i
^ iJjoU .Uil jll.^) v-JL ijbVI oly-^ o^i
^jbVl ^1 g;i ijjJLI SjbVI j* ^- V'i i^
macrosociology macrosociologie
OLJ-Wlj i^^MI l^iUI d^.j tij^JI -uUMl
f Mlj ^j«iJI i-ljOT jjli. Jtjt jja^ j> \~j S-iUII
madness folie 0j £j|
cf. lunacy
SljloUJ Jjjli3l JLjc-Ij
sympathetic magic
■ incanation ( ijj)
magic magie
>JI
... jjl ^.jiUlj OjjUI flOiu-l J;> JP iUij iuJali
. -UP jkiJI »ji j! *»i>dJ joJI i U-
iJloJI t_jj*ill -Lp i^_^)l SL»JI yklii. j^ j0^3
sorcery jtill ^k_Jl : Ja\
maintenance maintien slfc*}\ - \
1^ o^i LT 4 jMjij o>-jj iUL J^ll .IjJI
• pr-V 1 ^ i *r il,w j£>j tj^b^il Jjb .Uil j-Mk^MI
tii; jl ii_<i» iti : Jli j
maintenance allowance
■ maintenance order fo^l 3 \ UJcil S^j
iiUaJl - t
oMT, jL. ^ ^^11 J ioliJI J^-yi Jp iJiiUll,
mainte- « .liii J«- iiiUil ^itj » Jii UT
^Jo»j ^-oL; ^ ~JLi jajUj^T nance functions
. ^i\ J&} j;j^}\ jjljdl J* iiil~; ^ jlylj
majorat majorat
cf. primogeniture
iii\ti\ jS u-ijj!
ki j>x-JI JUJJI
«,li. U *UI
r>.
i-*« J
b) killiij vrt^'j Ji-^ J>-j *fctj U Os- Jl
toJLI l«irii. J^ j oU)fl oUJI ^Lil J .JUil ji
• J;-^ J*>*^' J-**i j' Jj^; >>*- Jl jl*
c 1 ^
iJL>,
white magic ^Ml >wJlj black magic jJLyi
°u* ArJ'j contagious magic Jl^JMl ^Jl^
jlLJ) 1 ! ^kJl ji imitative magic iis'liii jjji
majority, age of age de majorite xt>)\ j+*
. iJjil 4J_yU-
majority rule regie de la majorite i-U-Mi iopli
. Oljl^ill ilkTM 0,^1 J ^UiOjT^il i_^MI SO* li
V-L-Sfl JJiSf! JiO.^ oMUJl Juu_ ^J\^ Jij
iop ^Lji «%* ji ^hr iii* j;*. ;_{*! jc. j_^i»ji
. Ol_^Sfl
aJI j^Pj iJsljicoil ^j — .1 Os-l SOfrUJI DJjt. jCjC }
ia*-^ uiMi
L-
-LJI
(>*
V> s-
MALADAPTATION
maladaptatlon defaut d'adaptation <jC&i\ <-°y>
maladjustment . jiijji ,jl : j^\
malad|ustment ajustement defectueux
jslj-ll i-y> i jjjljal »-ip
i,.,«. -v lall 4^.1 jjuj 4^j JJjJI (Jf- ijH\ ijJi »-U-
^'Lo" J* J}i ^ <-«<■ ""-"Vis- J iHJij i^l^-^lj
. (_5~iJI fir* 1 " ir* *^»" -=-'_yl -^j;j •'O'—J i-UiVI
vocational malad-L^* J»'J3l rJ*- OjS^. -*»j
^l>_J i.j*>Ui oljjili jj ^js- ^i justment
. U i^» ij jyill
malingering simulation de maladie ^JU-JI
Jj^^JJ ^j^l Jl JLJI ^ UXj ,J,}.\ .Uol
*— *jj-> Jl z* 5 ^ "^ «--->-/• c-jL--V *?^ j* ^jW"' ji^
Jil OUJU.il j, ^jl^lj .<_* J.UI J»j> ji J-JI
hypochondria ^^L J-J)l j^ ,>_>$! o-^.j
. 4j «_jL-2^ <ul j_j J.I LixJ^j <■_. ■■»-
malnutrition sous-alimentation
isljill -l_J,l j, iiir ^ oUft jU)l JjU
1^)1 j-->o ^1 iXill jilollj j**t>A\ ,Ja l»_Ji>- ««
i^—J^/lj l">UJl J. .-lii U Jb-_»-Jj ey*J ~-A-l
Malthusian theory malthusianisme
. i--jd.l J j'^*J jl_s--)l jju ii^UlL i^>U- ijlaJ
jU-jl ^5 ( _$-Vj' 1-.....JI ,-» jlx-JI a^Lij jL djiajj
ip- J*- iijU- <u!l>i U»j ju j; i-Jl-ijJI jl^LI jlj 4 jkHi\
r^M jl cfyj -~»-u» JJIjd Uij jj-bjj j-CJI 01
tW
jjl» JP J_JI JjJbJ j* -iD-l) Xa-jJI
OUUJlIj <_ 'jjj-JI i_ iU- tLiljj .iixll «* ijjxJIj
SjLjII j- Js-j Jil J-l_j>JI j- Uj^j i_-»ll u^S/lj
. jlsC-JJ i*Ja)l
254
<L-cJlll ^ft aJUJb*- it^iaj 4. ;Jlll /-• C~>-jX--l Jjj
JUJ>J Jl Liil j*-X"j Neo-Malthusianism i£jsd\
^l—l Js^-iT i_e-L_» JJI-»j i£\i. iU^-VL. _l_J(_yi.l i-J
man I'homme Ollftl tjrjll
*; JL^i J&J ^^1 ^>JI il>i ,>. £UI /Jill
*-iii oij^i •)>- jir iiij i^>}i\ J* o.i_^-ji
»loii^,L j^_ OLjVI -i_^U jli i--JI oLU^-lj jJl>JJ
dawn manjJjlBi jk. ji-JiU-^j^^/l J Jlij
primitive manjljjl ji-Jllj cave man C^i\ ji-jj
-Jjp J j~j» ^iil j* j feral man J^-'_^ ^r'}).
ji-J M^>-V1 J Jli IS ,j±J\ je- iiik. 4-p1<U-I
j^.Ti.1; i-»L_. ^»Lj V jl marginal man '^-~?t»
jUiVI ^ i_JI ^^-^l iUii^l J Jlij . 4pL-»- J
jop j^f ^ a^Ul (^l man-land ratio ^j^lj
. -^_k)l ,jl>lj jtCjl
(^l man-hour «.U ji-J : ^b^l Sjl.l J Jlij
. U.UII _?_>*)' j" ^)j—^ oU-Li»-l -b-_>_J »oj-__-jj
^i manning Jl^-Jl, ^,jili aJjj; iJLi UT
. <o J^JJ ^j-M JUJI JUJi
homooeconomicus^jLiaJ^i jCJVl : J*,\
mana mana
uili
!_-J- Ul ^-i j_Ja; jj'Jjj iijUil s_jiil ^ UU -J~«->
management direction
Sjla)|l
J^l, c^\ji% oV^lj -l>lj iUUIl SjiJI .IJi^.1
255
j&L J>- JUi JS^j r U^,l j_^i cJ^Ji jji>_,
,j» Oliil J\\ ^IjpNI JJmJ ijo tSjbj jlfr>- ikJj;
■ £*'ji j' oUa>- JI i^LJl i^>-j; ^»j <ukll IjJW
£-11 ^i high management C& j'bi • Jli ,
i-LJl i^iUlj ^jbNI j.>l £J Jii- jll ijb^l
^j middle management Jalj SjiSl j t LUJl
.LUJl ijb^l JUI ^jU.1 J ji^oll £i
management accountancy
comptabilite administrative 4jjbNI ~£j*L\
jijSU ijb^l 4_.UM ^ Loj, j)i oU-UJl s_^f
lS-*— « j*- >-^j»jilj U-Lio iilyj L2a^ -»jj L^.L_
. ijUpiij i^ur
management by exception
direction par I'exception tUS-Zfy Ijn'iS
SjbNI Ojjj; £Lp .Ju^j j fOiww pip jwj
j* i.UI olil^NI ^j- Lj ^l_; N Jll oUjUl;
£^>U>Ni oU^ni itfN ^.uir t J»kiJi ji ouijii
J~^UJI |^>o- jUaaM j» kilb j^ >_»jbtlj ,L:ii,
OtL JI Ij-'LJUaa-lj SjbNI jjjli LJp iSj>^ J}\
. L-.U Jp i.j^U( ol.l^NI iliil j& iU
management, scientific direction scientifique
;a»«dl oLNjll J o^ii ij-j»j ijbl j £j <S"j»-
J»jlaiJI ^j ^JUIj .^ip £.UII jjill j* _^NI yijl J
Frederick J* ^\j^j j» i-JUN SjbpAJ i_.UNI
•Taylor
J.U1I JP OUjJO l^Li ^ J, £j &J*. CJIT
j>j oLraij jjoJi Jpj ( «s>jij cjjii ouijj )
^IjJI j, U>j jjW.1 i\j*.\j J^Jl .Jijjij ^UiNI
. £*-liNI isLjj ^liNI £L* JU-;l U JIT JII i^ill
Oijw tS^Ll W*~»J *^-r > " J* *iJ^J *Sj»- CJlSj
MANDATE
iiui a«»^iij ^ j^^aii ^joJij ju-u ^juji
iJiJI OUl^iL
(•ts^J-J
JLJI
Cf—*J
*~4* J*
jis^S/i
j*/"
J!
SjbNl Jj—;^
Ij-'N 4 ,».. „ U iTj*- CJI^j
it juji Jp iku. cjit jii
j-JUll £U»I cJjU-j Cj^Jil ^JUil iLj, JUJL
JjiT JUJIj 5jb)/l ^ jjUl jl oIpj^I ijbL
Ulk. ilUl jSi ^11 c l jNI SjL j JUL j ^Urtl SjLj,
managerial revolution revolution directoriale
Sjj^l si* cJwj j^ Jjl James Burnham jlT
j' j^ f-^ 1 u-* J^»»i ts-il! <ikT j \M\ i-
ykiii. jis-ir jjjt cjj ji> ^ UjOm jir i^ u i^i
. ^_a>JI (jtUail -kdl
Aiu" «*IJs ijbNI Sjj^l J jkJI ^>-j »_,ij
CJ^ Jll ^jbNI UJv oL; ijb^lj i-ill jjliJI
ijyij UJall »OA Oi>-lj Jlj.NI ^-jjj <-iU«^i J>k
jjUil ^i»J.I J ^ *Uo-\l JL Nj £ UNI Ol>>i Jp
jiui j ^r j'u a j^ij isjSb oIpuji Jp
. 4_»LJIj iiUaaNI
,^-jjj j^jij olPj^iLl ji j\j*^*\ m -01 US'
JjIT aiju jIT IS JU«!I jl^.1 J a~_ 1 «jl .^
^uii Jp .^u-Nij jij.Ni ^u^.i Jp *uai ^jU
jlSo:, v*NI j- i-ill ^JUjil S^ c^w.1 J, V'jbl j
. «JU*U «j* ijbl ^ Uil i_JUNI »ljic-l Jp "UjOil
mandate mandat ^jm' - ^
«-L J«i jl 8j; p tjll Jy; jl Jail jjiliil J j»
Jl jj,>.tJI Ua^, Jl! ilTjil fU JjiUil J j . J Li
MANIA
mandatory or^Ji. j\ ^'xLa JlT> : Jli _>
»jli^ ^jcj j\ *JJ JS"jj cjiil j^wJJi mandator
. olpj jl <J fUSil jl *^ji
^liWi - y
' s
(jli jjl»- U^»-jjj ij^ll iijJiil »«JU«j If-jli ij'ij i^
iL»j)l flla »li;J Jp SJ»«dl V^l Jli-. ^ Jij
^Jil ^Lu^l ^ Js« J*J Uil^il o»J iJjjil
^\^ i_« ?*u» oij*u» <dii>-
mania manie j - .^"
l^v^ jKi^l .j»*a; 4-^ljC-i »jbl j* jUi
p* UK j^*-" J? 5 j*"' lij fy^J* 0* fly*"" ^^'j
o^lj apS^UI i£jl JI Jli ~ UpLU v rJ JUll
^.U^lj «-%^U iJiJl j_yutJij tiJLlI JiUMl;
gJiaiV^ 3>JU J»liJI iliijlj r>lj j»1_JM; j.^11
^"jjjl «i>UJ iil£i' Oj£jj SjU» "i/j ia-tj Oji J-*
. jJlAl gjkjji *1»UJ iiKiJ IjU* LJUUII
manifestation manifestation ij*m.\ - \
,-U^-^ir i^-l^l jl v-U- <-»IJ*M jjt^r j*^'
. i_w uJUi. jp j^xxJJ jl U £><»>• J*
iU> ^i j>-l t^ J* Jjb ^Jil y.l_yi t^ill ,_, — iJI
manipulation manipulation ojjlil .y-t^il
(Jp jJUJI -i ,y-t pjjl iLLJI i-jbr s-ljjl j»-I
iljUl J^j; ji jjJb Jj^l iUU Jp jj'Uli ikUl
256
ilpjjl j^jCj .U J-jw fUil Ji^k jp jl j^-j! 1 ^loio-L,
ji j>j .jy)\ J;> ^ v*tWJ 4-.L.S/I J^^ 1 "^'
.lyr^l li» jli ^p^UI ^-jU Ji U^i ikUl Jp jJUJI
il>Sll JlT Hit vj^l i^-1 1 JlS^ii J»-i j^, M
manner maniere ^^" , lijLJl
:JU/j t^j'U^vjj (^ ijill a*-^ (^Jll >-j_>L»'^t
oUU^l ji olTjsJJ mannerism iL-Ji olS>Jl
(j JUJI j» US' i^lii iUi-lT iljLJI IJ* Jic Jij
.schizophrenia ^J^Jr^ 1 ,>y*
manorial system systeme seigneurial
1 f&j
Ja^jll j_^«!l J UJLi JIT ^1^1 ^Ual fli*
^^1 j, i^T ol^U ^liii^l SjL- oyUi- ^ j»j
«bij 4_^.J^ jjlji J;Jil u*jl>l jl*^ \^JJ. f>.
manpower main-d'oeuvre
CJi2\ iyb\
; jii j .tiUdi ( a , 5u^.t j^f j; jii jisCji- ii>i
Jjl ij*>JJ manpower control i'^i? 1 ij^ 1 •Sr/
. i^jJI ijil) Ji.^1 J^c^^l jUil i-jSUJI Ujj
manpower planning planification
de la main-d'ceuvre iiUUll kijSlI
yp i UaJlj iUUil tSjiil u ^jP 0« jjljJI
^p iiUaa^l i*-UI J* U<ljiO— M l»iljplj oiJsn
257
MARGINAL MAN
manpower, required effectif necessaire
de la main-d'ceuvre J&fl jj^ 1
SJb-j Jl i/^l JL*^I .li\ ^j^UI cjJUUll ju*
C*>Jj "j^-lj S*USJI j^ j*. ijji-A (Jp i-« ij'jj
k-jul, j> ji .bSfi oNo«i iu» «oUi j^ii j»j>
. iJb-^U Sjjiil oijiVi fl.iic-.bj SjjSll j«ji
manufacture manufacture ijjxll *jC<aIl &-Ji
• lii XP Oj^Ji ^UaaNI j>JI J^lyi t^Jb-l
(^ j_yc^f_ OjJj>JI JU.II jIT 0->- Jlc-ijil .IkJI
a«JL ^L^J *i&*. lij*. jjljlji jt Ul J»Ullj Jijyll
i*j*ij SOs-lj iy> Ojljlj; jf jl in-jl*- ujU^- *r~
manufacturing industry
industrie de transformation 4£j^' ^^ ,
industry, manfacturing : Jiil
marginal analysis analyse marginale
<^JI jXuil
JJ»JI J* &_i»JI ijU>a^l ijkll ^.U pi
j* ^rfijjl Li* j^ ^Ji ^til ^ y, JjNli
t U *^i L^, jjSoj jll s 3 .uil ola»-jll ibl^l »lj^-
J*i jvJu ^ *j£)l iudl J* ijlu Ufr SjL«i «Jldl Ul
UT, tl^SU^-j ^1 oU-^l j. sa»-j ^lii ji yi^i
i*ulu< t_ — o *j£)l o«i> Ojlj »^iJI i^S Ojlj
'er^ 1 *»J oV V*i j»Sll l-LAj ti-l»JI <Mi cJij
4*iuJJ jL*l jjj SJb-^U i-l»JI iull ^Ul J* jJi;
-wi uu ^Ui j. ^1 jba»Ji jl J^i Uo>» .«JS3l
-ua»JI i»J j I J_,i ^ Lu£jj i jj&i u^ j$- i,^
jr ^i^ j* j^ji ijl» ^j uj» ^m w ^ ^i
. jjyoJil yr j, i-ldl <J3l ^ui J* i-l»JI L^.
i»L«i\l (^i marginal cost £j£jl i»l§3l : Jlij
j* tS>l Sj,j>- 5Jb-j l^is jll U&l iiLCjl Jl
. ^U;Vi
^iil ^j)i ^l marginal profit <s'^ gj^j
\JAj 5UJ.I «;U j^ Sj^-NI iOsJI SO>-_j|l <w j* l yo-Cj
ijvj ^OsJI jljiNI ijv Jjill ,j«- ijL*- _^» (^JL>JI 7i.j)l
Sjb-j ^>-T ^«j marginal land £aiJi ^J^lj
ujji* *i<j ^i ^jSii ^i 4 ^ ji >Lj ^jSii j,
. lf>-bl iUSj ^^laxj
^JLU J,U1I y,j marginal labour yjaiJl J-Liilj
. t jw< 0»- j* j»-MI 1 _ r ai^'l lil J*JI ,y>*ji
marginal area aire marginale &*lgJI Jiklil
jj-^o U LIU 'tSj^l <<W:1 i»>-U» iJUJ i iiVi , » u»
. J;^- jl_^» olj Lj-'Ij jl fl«il Ujii
marginal culture culture marginale
4_i*l$J! AtliiJI
tS^I SjU; jl .i.Uil aiidlj Jj^oil ijljll ij \^ jH\
. i«Jix» i jLa>- »ji^ jW «il jJI iilill jj*
marginal group groupe marginal
&4I4JI JpUmII
ji* ^ C . l i e «J Lj- i»ol>- 4»UJ Olj ipL*»-
»U>- <__JUIj <J LSj»- C-Lij Sjj^ll VV'^ u*J UjJU;
marginal area *~* Lil <^'; : ^'
marginal culture ^.Ia ^uf
marginal man homme marginal^rr?^ 1 ^CJ)i/l
If'ljjx^. Jaiyi ^1 ji jjca-Ujr JJ ^w t/iil y»
ijiJI j» >>-Ljll jl ( _ S ^>-MIS' jj-i^JI V^a; J* 4JL&I
jvP ijiJI ^!Ak^>NI IJL. -Uai US' ctJI ioOll Jl
i_i.UI « iJUJI .a* Ja jlkj tiJI « O^Soll
.social marginality 1 i^l^MI
MARGINAL SURVIVAL
258
marginal survival survivance marginale
i-ijLjll ■_ ...Ij^ll
r >' j_^ k-c_ jt j 1211 ^r^i ji ^uiii jslui
marginalism marginalisme 4^k»Jl £jk3l
marginal analysis ^JkJI J^>3l : J*'
marital counselling consultation matrimoniale
^Ijjll olilijl
family guidance S^-Vl jlijl : _^l
jUtJ^I je j^_ jJlI U^j . iT^VIj JjfliVI
marriage mariage
C'ij"
* yfirf-i r ib;
market marche
JjJl
.sa»-ljll UUI jU-l j ^\4 ij>-j tAf. ^jjj \s ^>-^l
^ili ul£j) labour market J-Ji J^- :Jlij
V «^-»v. t^JJ'j JlwJI je JL*Vl ^Uwi v ii^v.
. J^JI j* JUJI
*»^*Jd market society jjijl «li«i : Jl* LT
. ^liVI j ~ j>JI «j »5Ua ^jll ktjjsJI
*^r"J ufj market relations ii^Lli oliS&lj
. c jll Jl iijUl oU Jr iil ^ JUr-IJI J.JI j iLJjNI
j^ij ^jL^il i»UJ marketing Jtj-^b
»zl\ j- oUaiJIj JUI Jliili J-aJ ^11 jjfA-l SIS'
. j-.UI jl&lj cijll J JLJ1 .ilLLJ.1 Jl
market economy economie du marche
J^JI i|_ail
.J>*l«Jj t tj jLjJi J^eu; L-L-l 4^> r-L^VI *^ jl*a^l
JpUJ liij ijljll ~jj; ^.j jU VI 4J j-b»ij LjjiJI «-»
Ol-b-j!l J^j 5 — ibil ^.L.1 Jpj ii Uoilj (j^jJI lSj»
_^ju £-~f^>. »->— ,•*»- ilil—p ^.y^ '-'U-jj j' **rjjj
•>& ^^i .l_J 3^«ll «-LJ> i^ j/l jjJJI jVjS/I
iOP Jj^I iitj« iJlSCil S^Ull *i* a>Jj . u*^ 1
,j_; ^' ^11 a^all ^J lL"j Lj (J 1 ^ 1 -* 11 ^Lk^^ 1
olkUi tJJuCj civil marriage 'Jail ^Ijjll
^JJI ^^companionate marriageSyilili ^Ijjj
jlil Jfr J">UaJI Jl£»lj J-JI h..^ Jp sOJp j ^^aj
Jj>«^. A j consensual marriage 'j^l ^Ij3'->
^rljjJL, ^jll ViU UaVI U.IT ii^lj J^-j j, JjJJI
. *L_» j i5j>-l i^y^i j«I-*j t^l iWI JJJ <J*- JLiJVIj
JjLyll e-i* i_iki^j r'jj" V-. |^. •-*i- 1 * JSL-J ilbkj
JiUI ^Ui J}L.jll oOa j.j .Olu>J.I J»t)t>-V UJ
^11 iu^Ul tiij l^u_ j- ji sijll ji Jj-JI jj, ^_ ^JJI
. 4J jLtjoj ^ijl *~u*X\ 1^1*- _^-j
wife-capture »^^ ''.A 1 J* *">^-VI ^Ui'j
. iJL-JVI Olu^J.1
Jb-l _^*j wife purchase *rjjll «^ f U*j
UV T-jjll «»Jj kl-»- dowry system &jji\
. Lj^-ljj, -J ^LJI jJi jai j- UL. ifjjll
marxism marxisme aLS]\1\
Jtj\£~ tt-Xj) ^-^j«-lj (_j.L-»j ^jUiil (_jhj.
259
UJ^-
7 * < A~ '•*
i -ijl Olu^J.1 ,1
X£
■*s\jj^\ \±* juJ ^ii ^>^i ifi^M jis^S/i ^ j
. JJUJI
masochism masochisme^.
jjjcll Jjj t 4>jj^'
^-. ' fc^ 1 > J
!j-^a>JJ
masculine protest protestation
i iiyrj\ Oljjf JU jl _,i IjTi
mass masse
jltoWi jj^.^S' unassembled
^ftl_»J-l A— »^f - 1 »j . . . *J'
jj*^-j J;-^ 1 -^ 1 jj*-^
public tJUsII iJjiii
mass behaviour comportement
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. . . ill i-j jaJI ji i»j3l ji
messianism messianisme ^^H JlilVl iS"^
jlkiL jj^jj t i_^-Sfl ijkJI jl J^^VI a^i J^ >/■
METAANTHROPOLOGY
metaanthropology meta-anthropologie
iLa> ijliill W^j'jiJj^'^'j **l* ; ^ /! ■ Ljtv^tlJjS^I
i-»Ui!l i^LJIj iilill UJ»JI i«_i> ialjjS' .irf»l>-
-illj ^-jUdl j-ljjl Jp. Ujjij ijlill i^wuJI Jjwj
**~1»J WfvAjiJJ^ 1 iJK 3"5WI J d-*^' US' .iyiJI
ii-li OUIjij ^Ijjli; jJaj" j^C o^T (jvlj pUil
metabolism metabolisme (j*^ 1
^>- V. t?l V-JI li"5UJ( J iSlc^ 1 ol^l i^Ucj
Jif" V. J" ^.j^ 1 olkliJIj oLL*U ijjj^ill SO
t ^1 i\y <\JZ i\y Jl iJIJill Silll Jj»u" ^ .Ul
J^" >-T* i f"^' *^* l *' ' ^^-^ JiJ^" *r^ ^r**
• lOiilj t^-^-lj t ~i-l p«« i yk,y\ tfj* J\Zj
. iJjJI iyi\j iJj-Vil 5-Ull jljil jljiij
social metabolism ^ip.-^ 1 j*^ 1 : ^
metahistory metahistoire
jup\ .133 U t ,^1 £. jbJl
£;jUI ji (^i .1^1*. jlkU Nj _/JI JjOs- Jfr i>-j\*-
ii» JJj t*it U-jU- i^_, «~s>li J jJj; t5j» U^s
^UJI J.U1I ^» iiiJI ij.Jall ^1 j| j}UI jlip-NI
^jl3l *£]» : >l . JU)fl s ..,.^. L. JT J
history SjU J philosophy of history
266
metaphysics metaphysique
UJaJl ^33 U t UjjJU. 1
metamorphosis metamorphose
5L>- «LJI i!jJ»»j J^-iJI J iU-j cSj-^" (J^* r j^"
a lip I L>-jljijjC;MI J JS^JI JjjJIj X^ujj
oUIj-JIj ^UviS/lj UNI JlSCl j JJIxil oIpUL-I
. j~JI
metapsychics metapsychique J*<ll *ljj U i»»t>?
JjUJI .iTJiJI Jp x^*- Jil i_iJI jAllkll i-ljj
Jjjydl jS-j J^LlI JSJI J £»l^Jl i>ji!l J* »jyij 5iUU
^'L-bil : jaIUI »Ji» ili.1 j> 3 t jy J^ii\ oLUc-j
metapsychology metapsychologie
i_ll Ip-^ljij L>-_,!jSLJI jJLi^ JUTI JI Jjo,- ^iil
\\+>S UWI 5j*UiJI i-ljX «. jU^VIj iW">U.I Jp
iJLwll iyklloll »~i'_j< ^1 ijljt^is : S^J i-Jl^ ^ ^-i
i_Ji ^i vL;aj lwi tvij oijjij jy^yi *_Jij
jl^i-l JUai J iiUail wjjJ i_ Jl^i iiUiilj jjljill
metayage metayage
267
J>-x, jl «J US' ^l_J\l jjJlSj j. .j^. .bi, ,ii)iil
k_~JI J»Lkij . i^ljjJU i^>UJl c-ljljill J UdI
(ciiMi ->j>j iL- ou^di j, ciuai l,-u. ^ jii
metempsychosis metempsychose
. jljjsJI jl jU^U »l_>- «->- tSj>-i »L*.i Jl
r^ ^ jl J 1 J" 1 *srr J! ^ qjj J"*^' ■**->
. Jj^/I 4jU- j 1,0-Uo ii_^_; jjA^ kiDij ^lu" ji
method methode 4*^1 t — -g-ft
IjJ Oljla>- »J* J Ji»ij »l^i-.MI oly pjjil
ti" u^Jj^ 1 £*»J pj VjW*^' *'j=f"]j >*'j^' *li»-^:.
£*J J] "%#y \^~&2> jl u^Jjill <j-U» ja Ji*JI
descriptive method ^*ijll *«r-M
experimental method '^.j*^ g-r-^'j
historical method ^.j^ 1 >*-r-Mj
method study etude des methodes
^1 OlS>Jlj J Jail Jjj i y^ t) JJ^-j J^
. jwji f urv ^-Lji u^rij
methodology methodologie d^«3l >>»&
t iikiJI ^Wl g»L. J d^j j jkll ^y jJi - \
^jJJ \^Sj Jl^JS lijs, i^ijoii ,1s, ^ y,
(■jWl *U. J;Ui kiDij i.jiwil £»Ul Jaii
<JJi ol^^di ^ij uy ij^Tj i^jIjlaI i*lji
f >jL Vi^J V-UI Wj> ji V— 'J V»^'
METROPOLITAN REGIONALIZATION
a--j- jjk kiUj j U 4-JUIj »1jxJI .
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f
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i^l iull
metropolis metropole
If^l L:l UT L»j. ijoJl jj^ jjS"! ^ (( ijUJI
. killi ji- Jl Uj I— »l— »j UUJj lj\j~
' tSj>-^l o-xl.1 i_jL-»- Jt LJU- oUwill oJL» jj$Jj
kill' tJb ^ - i.U SopUT - «Jjoll j 4,-Jjll ijJiU
JI^MI ^^ — il ju;j itJsjII jpLiilj tjjiJI Lj jTji"
. iiL^/l > oUdl jl «UJ
metropolitan area aire metropolitaine
laUaal Ijj <*-l1Ij Sjj-T oof ik^l iikil
.o5L»y.l j* JSLi ijjdl iikll sJa i»jjjj .Lf-^j>-lj
01 ^ ijlj\l v-UI j» tjjdl J jvx; ^» kiJJj »._,
^IjJ (C liJ JjUj i_-U — It v l>Sl ji olUI j, T_^r
metropolitan regionalization
regionalisation metropolitaine 4~J>j^' *s^*)"
j^* (Jlw *-^-^- ^ijl J l Jj-i>- ('^J k-*JLjZ«J <--L--
Olo^-j jl (_;! tiJLJjjj^l i^^^ll 0-ill i_yi; ^jJsLl^ )«»Ij
ijT^ fcjO. Jjs- jjo; jl ^j t _ s «_l»Nl Ja-kidl
jjOJI 5jjii>- ,j»L»l ,J* SjSsiil »JL» OliJ JiJj .Sja,,..*
•A>«dl Ol^jllj LJllajj; j L_Jb- (l jail Jlii II v^" tS-^ 1
j< ^iSCi <, i^l^Vlj ijLviiVI M^il 5Lj- J U^jpj
otuil ji s^l JL*S/I ^U^ij ijUJI OL—JLI
jl _ <JbJyjji\ jail JUxi" i.UJI oUaiJI *JIa._>
H
lit iliTl
7V>oj ^~x-| iU -U-I_ji _ A_»JiMI ~»lj«JI
J«J«iJl J ji ^1 (^»Jlj SjbVI J .1^. ^kII
jS^Jj ti*trMI oUaiJIj 5jU«JI_j jLvjaS^I j j\ ApljJl
j*- Uiy; oMUj: iJjaii j^ iJj JT Jai; jl j£c
MICROCOSM
(^ju M Ji « ijJil Jil » jl US' tL-ii Ljjl k-<j«- J
microcosm microcosme
jjkll > fJUlt <>iJl ,JU!l
sT,. jl y^iS jU^I jji^JI (IUJL. -U»i Ji
Sj-UI ^lU- £>Uav>VI l-y. -U*i Jij . universe (IUJ
micro-management micro-direction
gj/t-JJ ^jbNI .Ju^JJ i-Jl; SjlaNI Ol/_. Jb-i
macro-man- iUliJI ijbVlj £jUU x*- *iUjj J*-\J\
.agement
. *Jj-UJ f U!l jU,^! i_JL_ jjlaNl cSjX— ji
microsociology microsociologie
Uil JjU^j (^aLJIj *^allj ,e»ljjJI J-*"!' J S^yi^jJI
. CApUA-I »JL» »Uipl ^ 4../t^,u.II Oli^UI «SLi JJ>«j
*ljiw*lj Urfiljpl J*i»«J (J 4-*»tjjJI «■!* fjvCJ-jj
middle class classe moyenne ikLjil iiiJl
class, middle : jkl
middle management direction intermediate
Ju.fr ijl'jjll
il>Sll ,> Wall f aiw^_ jji jvp £Ak^»l
. oijb)/i ji r i_iS/i Jb-i J j-Ji ^- J*
migrant labour travailleurs migrateurs
l** 1 ^ a* ^j* 1 . ui-^' ViJ 1 ^^ i^-'i^ 1 l^' 1 *
268
E 1*
migration migration QjJS\ ij>y^
y^ /\ Jl jL j» OUUI ji aljiSlI JUil
ClU-j t LJji iLiUJI tjjJll ~jy SjU-^/ iL-j ^j
^i^JJ Jviii ^ji jilj^ iiUaal w-U-V jj& U
ji ! voluntary i-JjLii-l vr4 j Oj^ -*»j
conservative iiaib^j involuntary ij^>-l
short term JA\ i^Jij innovating Sjjk* 3 \
long term ^jjil i£_ji» jl
primary i_-»UVI iy^ J?, j^-^ ^r. ^^
secondary migration *;>W Sj^ljmigration
J— ij to iJju j£— J jl u^'j' J"^-' Jj*^' t^*-*
iJ** U^j" Jij (jvjUll jl^-II »• 0">U<» i«lij iJUll
SiM JJ^p U^ioj jl ^rvibjJkt ulX- II r'j^'j jW 1 ''
. Sjj^-j* Oj^j' Ji ^11 iiWI »_ — >-
migration, internal migration interieure
J-Jti JOil JJ Ob^ll J« jl^JI JliJI j jT^"
tili^j J-JI y) *L»S" push factors «ijJl J-ly-
Ja£ jjju J *r*-j"j (j;-*iy "^i^r" a* y^'j ^-"ij"
j->j£ P ul1 factors ^jji-l J-ly-j SUJI
»«aI ^ jJjcJIj oUJiJI y_jij ijJilj J->-«)' j^j*
.tiJll
milieu milieu
ia-jil
jji i*^vij o>_yi syiiii aji Jx-jii- x«i
. »jjk;_j <s"jL. J jjj; ^lij j>Ji jjifii U> u L f u
^1 milieu-therapy i^Jl r-^f : Jlij
r ^U!l S^-j J^U- v.j-'jj J >^' *i ^^v J**" J^ 1 ?r^*
. 4 ; ,» : .m 4tJl Jl L5L,-' •Cij^- Li l_^4
269
militarism militarisme CJZJi\ &j3l
Vj*Ji i!>Oi oUi SjLjj i^SL^i jiUiJl «UNij
Jfl^BI .LiJ)/ ^iJLI oU-U- i_ki -JT *^JLI jluTj
• ^J*^ jl»li» ^j) \£— «!'
^Ji CJ5 UT f ^UI J* l>^ j£i; i.^1 JISO.I
. «JtjU!l OjI^JI j. ^
milling confusion de masses *J^»liiJl .-ijiS!
>~ CH Ja»-% ^i!l ^^Jl «jy_J| Jl£il o^i
mimetism mimetisme SlS'lkil
. ^-IjCiVl j. iU^-Vl ji .IjipVI j. iL*J! iUjT
conformism JliiVI : Jail
imitation
oluBi
mind esprit .^jjl
i>)l UjS- l«A> J* ^1 J.liJI ^\y t y^
t£y& _ ">Ul£i. ISL-Lo system U_j «jL»t _
Silp JailJI jL*lJ ^ytj . 4_^a JUi.| jjj ^-jUJI
Jili* J >UJI ti tfjt U intellect jit j-f
i-ijjiilj <^_JlI j*ljja!l
social mind ^l^-VI Ji*!l : J*'
mind, prelogical mentalite prelogique
l»j*x* J 5-J'jJI ^jj«JI £j*a>- f-U- kiJJi. i -^.
•i* ji jL*l jjuii jSjji LI ^ j]| jj^j.1 ^|^j
Jll iJJadl iU-Ji jj i^.^ jj.j^i Vj ^ji
. j^idJ JL-UVI ^IjiU jSUil l^i ^
Levy-Bruhl JI « iJlxJI UiJl » ^-^U^l -^j
c t>U^I «U. J>. ^ fJ j| fai ^_ i _u, ,1 J J*
**> c?' primitive thinking , JixJI j&d\ ,
MINING
. 5jUa»Jl Jjj j, jj*A\ ^ Jail I j^ill
mindedness conscience ^J!l
social mindedness *»*lli.NI ^ppl : Jail
minifundism minifundisme ; f\ ' n \\ e, .ill
<jj*,1jll .lib: <1_^ ^IjjJI JjU^NI *!l£ii Jb-I
j-jljLl £»_; Vj latifundism 5^S3l fjljll sjli-all
. ^J- ^iUiai ^Ul Je- ^IjVI J^u-L o^ji^iil
j/ji ji ^jjj ^ijjii joiii ^ ^ ur
.,/lrt-vi
minimum wage salaire minimum
jjtf Vj ^jall ^>- ^ill j_>>-^! JjVI o>JI y.
^J lj-y ks- Ji j*- 1 J*. J«uJlj J*j«!l yjj ,jj j»Lc!l
JLJI ^j J^u-I ^ JI .I^NI li* lJj^j
J udj^^l ^— JI ti^l JjSj vl-»- i*l»-j JU*U
V"j". ^ J!*»U»)/l;j .iil^ll is-j^Jl; JUi jut ijjltll
J 4ji v; jjuuii uJaii au- 1 > >J «; j, t \^y\ li* Jp
Vr-! fWI ^UaVI ^lloVl Jt ^U 4-i Cijll
. JUJI (^xN *3\jii\ iyi\ «t j
lili .if-jiu r^'U; j_p-">U ^jl jl>- jj ji <-L_Jj
^xJI ^UiVl ^J Jt xji ^jiJt jjill j>VI JIT
J^ JU^ jjp ,jii>- J.J J**!l i_o-U» X»<u Oii 4 J.UJJ
' Jy^ j>"^' "-)•»!*; i£y-~ • JI L5-bJI r-b'VI i~J *&}
. J-JI yy Jll JJVI JSUjil ^loiw-l JI ,_^_, ai iUir
mining exploitation des mines ji-^'
^I>i-IT tl^ ibi V oi_k jjljv. J"5Ui-l
W <-Jj»JI j* ^j t l*j^j j^Jllj Jjj^llj OjUII
MINISTRY 270
c^ri ji a* i^u_, ouy\ f oi- jf. oj*u jii iU; ji Jp 4 j-t*-^! J»*>..y i*t»-vi j^ 1 -*~
oUU^l jbjjj . jiULI iv' Jp oj*U Jll jUl . »^l ^ saJUl oUW^l Jp j^T Jb- JI JUiJ jliSfl
. .oiil (0-. J Aili-jl jLjjI jiUil JI uU)|i misconduct mauvaise conduite .jjUi t>-
. jjjjl jTl^ ^JU SpU-JI o^iil jij ^^ ^ U1 ^, j^; J; ^ ^ jj.
ministry ministere Sjljjll ■ ^ V-^J V\~** J 1 W'Vj . w 'V- >' V 1 ^ 1
>wij i»j *iU Jp jit (^iil ^j&JI jlfA-l ^ misdemeanour delit contraventionnel o«I^]l
. uij* f Laij 4,/ji iuj ^ ^ ^u i,u .^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^
minor mineur ^Ull ^> il ^'J • V'j*- 1 ^ u >^> ,rW °^
_»» US' Ji-JI <«« < j-~d\ i_r4j t* ; ..JI (j—xJI (Jp IfJ
u , , . Olt^l J jlijl
. tb^l 4-UI .jJp
misoneism misoneisme ■iiJ^Jl ^*'^
minority group groupe de la minoriteiJi^l isX^.
Irt ^ J^Vj 5^T «*L* JU* J ip> «*L* ^^ ^ ^,^j, ^ ^ ^ ^ fU1 , ^
. iili 1 jl «J">L. i^U OU* ijijjl iiiJI
V-VJ" V^ 1 J* minorities oUiSll x*ij mjxed economy economie mixteiJ^Il iUi>l
**N' J 1 cr-^ - ' ^-e- u* ts*^j Jjj! 1 j* «!>» ^j ^&
ijjjl »i* lUj 4-Jpl «JJ ,j^J U j;P JJ JjjJI jl
j!Uj! i^WI ^ill j. U_>. ^1 i/l^l., iJLc-ljil
^^ Jp iljjjl olWI j. ^ C^xil or, ajj]1 5> _ ^ -^ .^ ^ ^ ^
->U»N' iUj- oUo
mixcopy voyeurisme j}-H jlaJI ^^-1
cf. voyeurism
S^L_- j IfJUa. jr< a>^' ^UiJj Up^I ^JU- j.
l—^l^S? ^jlx. jcij l^ JLx^.1 Jj V-"-^ >^i mob P°P ulace ^■J-J 1 '£j*j!' "^j*"
. i_»i — !i, ijoii j,i^ji j i_u"yi «« sijUiij ....... ..... , .1,, . ,
- - - -'^ - - C ojUl "LjIjO^ «/_^a, OJs^j ilj»2/l J^ 4pU>-
miracle miracle »j»«Il 5 j^)' 1 tv^ ^^j pJj~* jf- J^**; f^ j' in^j^i a"
I ^uJI oLIJ»-iNl, ol jiUiD U» iJkUll
oa^JI jl ^111 (/ _UI r iUJ iiJUJ.1 s^Uill ' -^^ ^4'y^Ji'j ^j»uu. j-. v«
J-j^j U^ljW! «VJ (i^ 1 '^l 5 ' i.y-^ 1 SUall J> •V>- Jl <ljr- J 5iL ;JJ ls^ 1 * 11 JU*"Nlj V 1 -**-' l^!
. I^»| .ai . •UoNl;
miscegenation miscegenation mobilization mobilisation iijcll
o'^SUi 5Ji>' t ^^i J»S»ii ^l^, ^ ^^ ^^ ctylk ^ N1 j M ,
^v>j"_j cj-jljjl Jjjja JP iibix^ ^-L>-l Js^A^-l L^Zl^'j i»Jl-. Jplii «Sv~i J i-^jSv^JI ij^-Nlj
271
lj jLiiJ »U!I ij\J\ jljlpl lj,yi\ txJli Xjvu)
mobilization, economic
mobilisation economique
ilsUfli'SlI iUull
j_#»«ll i.ji>. Jl L^-^j L. jO; J to-ldl i^tJ^I JjWLI
Ji>~ JJ ijLaaNI Siooll Jsj,." ^^I 5jL»uj 'c$j»*N
iLi Nj c^y*)l jU»I Jl pUI jl^il j. ^liNI jLv>-
O.I jp lpli.5 t__*ill U>Oi OLy^vi-' Jp LS_jtuJ V-i
iL*x)l J-i>d i._^>JI l^j" ^1 oULJI »aI j»j
V' 1 ^ c/V J 1 ijtJI i_JI_ r aJI O^Jjw »»j ijUaa^l
o_i; tj-jUJl j I J>-lJiil j. *\y* ^l^NI tSJbo^-
*^U~MI tijj>JI JJI Jp ^^i d~~ jIjw-NI
Silplj jj-l TtJj—j' J^ . ij>JI ilU- »L^I jjl Jpj
demobilization^U!! Uvwij Jl ijLrfiNI Jl^-Nl
mobility, ecological mobilite ecologique
'sSTJ/#\ i)l>ll
.(►r>-» jlx« j^Jw t5j>-i Jl iikj j,« jljiNI Jliil
ITI^ j?*, ■% j^ji Ji jSLji j. >\fi\ Jiiji ui
>T ji j->* ^ juji jUiM ju, ur
.labour mobility
mobility, social mobilite sociaie
t/>f Ji aj. ^ >T ji js> ^ ii>Sli Jiiii
L-iil jjK< Jii J&j <Jp ^I^VI iJijjJI jl <j,\
fy j> olpUi-lj jlji^/l iS^' y>j horizontal
t . _
l_~Jj jjSvj j_»j . iiljl ^jJi j j>-l Jl ^Ic^r'
Jl i^l,^-! *aS> ,y aljiVl J lis I y»j vertical
MODEL
modality modalite ipjl . aj-SnII (J&Jl
J_^>«il V-i i^S' ji»J.I J T-">UaM9Nl IJ4- J, /tit
JlSji^/l Kant Ct^aA Uj iji^ll o-U> JioJj f-j-*jA Jl
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i_J jj^J'j assertoric *y»?«»- j' '^y.fi
lf»JU» J iJjSJJil ^Ajprobablematic H^^aj
jij apodeictic \j)jj> 3 jl^Uj lAllj jlSUNI l,^-_>
S~*^"> hjJj^ \-\*-j~i>3* J' 'y-'Nj^j^ i— j jj£j ,^11
mode mode J|2ll
eji fjl>j ^1 i^ill »U^NI J JljJX Ova*
Jl U>J IJJ UI (ji ~ill ^ ^.j** J Ujji jS"NI
jIS'NI * tS lJI y AP_^^>Jil r-Jy <J' tj^. 4~ri_>*JI ii««
(Jll i»_i!li .tjs- jt JS"\ j£ii m i^iil jl Lj Ipjji
J Uji jS"Sll i*-i!l y» ^.uS/l IJL» Jp S/iji. U>^
^Sj^l X^i il jIjSj ^ j*S"l Ujlj£j jjll j I ip_^»»JI
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model modele
i J»*u ^iil JS^ill - \
oj* ^ ijl>»< (( i_p 1 juuj tU iii jljil JaJ^*
. LjPj^J? J U Jt» ilic y>_j 4ii!l
UjUbli Jjl i»jjll j I 5jjv>J.I Oli^UI j- Jit' - Y
^Ic^-VI J>JI iU'lT ,IU1J -uii^^ J jL-iNI
•^^iu i^UJI JJU3JI *ia^ *-UJI JjU- -iij
^jj^Jlj gj-JuJI jjirJ'j iJOjW r-ij^ 1 ^ IJii-l;
iia— ■; r-iyi Oj^J J»j .(^lijl' r^j-^'j ^...Jl
4a»-"^ i^iil (IU1I ji ii_»- tjb- iJiw ji iUU
r iy JT jli lDJJUj <^ aI^^; ji jS^:_ N
N <ui US' .<«*»- 1; (IU1I j^ bjJb« L'U- Lr ^~
jUJ?l ^Jp j^zju Jj Axels' Ai*i>«l! l jw r-i_^ -^T"^
MODERNIZATION
272
.Ji)l <jj OlJ-~JI^ OI^waJIj OL ^laJI ****J tj^
modernization modernisation jua»s=11
J»*a»«j Ul<j,:ji.f ^1 j^Jdl iJL* -bJ^JL , >,./i^
ilj JjjJI & oNUTill
J-c^-NI JiJI Jd-*~ li' «~»L*I ii^a; -A;-l»»JI '-'■V.J
tHJij Jskjtfl SiljJ JUIj.j Jyill r&1 "kj J! l^ji If
. iiliUI A-fr^NI -iStj »UI J^iJ Silpl J,> J*
ipjJIj iitAyL-Vlj r^ 1 j~^ JjJj«JI j-^.j
»j* «. iljiNI 4-oit-i i-i^Jj i^lrt""^' iiljjJI "^jj
. {-UjSlI
modernism modernisme jilOnJI lijyiill
ii^i i-e-^jf-l Sj»Ui£" i^vaxll ^jrfii.ljj . -iji _j* U JS*
l«*L_>-l_, y»l_ii!l J* SjL-JIj j^Jdlj fl-V^ 1 0)
. yJuJl ^1 f loiw.1, jUNl jJUJ
(Up J ii-*UJ ijjiil JjjUllj Oljl^il jviy (1")
modus vivendi modus vivendi 4-SjJ.I <bj!L3l
OU_jSj>JI JUjI i—U — SI J t-^Hwo^I Ij,- 4-ai
iJ-U* ij i«j^a>Jlj J»^»JI . <l__l Jljj *}ljj J.
J.L:,...j Jij tj;>-t!l J-J*- 1 M ,_^ll *~*J\ Ol>_ywa)l
monarchy monarchie ijSsill
ji kilU IfJ pSUJI J>o ^Jl i._£jl Jl£ii jb-i
U-Jj IbLjl J&\ f lkJI JaJjiJ S'jjl' Ji> u* «&*
illU.1 jjS^j absolute iilk. ij&ll jj& oij
JjSj Ji US' .iJjaJI J OlkUl «^>- ^_^U> y \?j
iSUll JjSj U Ij^Tj ■jj 1 -^ l » a A t? 1 limbed io-i*
. iiUall ^J-i) ij>; SJLiil
kingdom : ^'
monasticism monachisme *r*^'
oUL_»- jjiju v__s- ijoil 5UJI JlS^ii Jb-i
«+»jU ijjZ* ^e-\yi U-W SjjiNI J »LJIj JU-jII jj»
. »L-jj!l «pU>j <-JI_) iji.t.ihll)
J 4;M>-il SIjjJI »lJ^I Jf<- J' v.^^" SLiJ ^-yj
. ^J^J.1 iUlill jyill
money monnaie
i^aJl
OUl^JNl .Ujll j .If J^i; ^w ^jUU oVj JT
.1^1 Sji U cJjU; J)l i_^JI jj» ^11 iUJl l-> J^-^'J
^__?- . j__ll jlf»- «Jp f_ji> v>Jil ij-l-NI ^ ij-J^
L r fju IS .iji^l OUJiJIj J_JI jlfl ^yZ ^
. r-UjN* OUaj *ii**
^jbiil, iJlj jlilj ^-illj i-ililT Jy-dJ ik-lj ^bi^
cj u ^>s\ -Si, .xj^ji y -i>ji ji ua\ y
jj& iisi v^ i-^ 1 J iU) -' > jUaNi ji *f" i ji
\:jX v . ...... iuB^ IfU-ij l,J*> j^c.j J»Ui *L^» j^
-Nl J— II J.I ^.L_Jl< ic— i Oli L^J ^-J:
monism monisme *yr}^ &vj ' *i J '■ , i ,
Jfr iW-lU Wolff «-Ji;l J. Jji JIT Jul - \
j-j^HT Jb-lj io-. J.I 4T Jj^Jl v. i/^ 1 "r*-^ 1
4mo>JlI iilil j\ spiritual monism j*-^!
.material monism
jjSil ji jji v>iil Hoeckel ^^Jl. J<^ jlk. - Y
273
_»» jlUi jL Jj!i _jAj Hegel >_. »x. Je- jik - r
. J O^U- jSUllj UJaJI jij . ^1 Jl ij^jll
Jl Sj&ll Je ijb-Vl OUa^>l Jjj i_-l_ .H jj - t
S-Xs-^Ij »UiJI Jx*»" l*Jl>j L\i^l» ',P '^vX J
• £->^ J
. pluralism ij&\ «__»!, iJb-Ni J<lij
monocracy monocratie j^jl J£^.
autocracy : Jn\
monogamy monogamie S-i?-lj oiyb rlj^ll
■^ >-j V Vj; o-ii'j Sjjiil ^IjjJI JlSo,i jb-i
oU^.J.1 J jjUI j£i!l y^j .Sui iJ*-\j ii^.1,
monogenism monogenisme o»-ljJl Li^l 4j Jal
ij&ai* j, OlpUi-l Jlijl Jju 2UI _^t i p Olii
■ ^>i J!
polygenism Jjj.^ijlu; i'^L'ijkJl .JL»^£pj
monography monographie Liljs«-jijil
. »^Lp j^ .^p ^1 JU»I jjj 4^-1^; iilS"
monometallism monometallisme
JfljJl OJill flk
Oy-uli fit J.li y>j .IjjVI 5y «J 0j£ <^i!l ^jull
. bimetallism
MORAL CODE
monopoly monopole i&i-^l
^-Ij. jji ^Jl j\ .l^ill ^UJI jLWI J*, y t «,>.
. >L. j\
JL~Vl ^_Ui J iJjllt jlT Ja^JI J>-<( !l Jj
. i-fc« i«L. il r-UJI jl£>-l J>. iljiVl j_>>o: jjjjl ,j>
*±>c\ i>wJ SjU- jl£>-Vl Uj_» JLiJbJI tuj^l J L.I
^Ujlj U_U JS^I ^yjl Jp ilijll ^y ^ji, so^lj
monopoly « \j6o>i\ li\s-\)\ , ^yi^,\ ^j
j* iUy JJ i_r,lli oUJJa^ili J capitalism
monoposony monoposone *l^iJl jl^i-l
JUT t Jb-lj /i.j ^JL Sop Lj ji^jj JJI iUJI
j!j»>U i-*» «JL. ^o ^j>JI »U)I r_^" V Uxp i.jS^Jl
monotheism monotheisme <j\'*?-2\
.polytheism i^i aai; ji>-j, v^J 11 J;^ Jj
monotony monotonie
iUjII
Ol_^Vl ji OlT^lT iJa-lj SjJ, Jp Jlji ^
moral code code moral
UWI 4»jiJl '" sf J^flli Ojiuil
•Lie- 1 LJLij l^ijiu Jl ti-sUllj OpI^I iej**
S-plrt-l ol;_,iJ Li*- £ji: j^ JT ^jO Jllj ieLJ^I
. SJLiJl j^ iiL>«> Ol>-jj lp
MORAL CONDUCT 274
moral conduct conduite morale J^-VI iijLS\ JCJ] class morality iiiil J}Ul : Jlij
-in i mi ii- - .. ii --M-M, • ii i- 1 • **LJ-l lifci-.JHi^uSllJLil group morality
<4Uil ^b v l : JU j oJb'UI ij}Uo(I o^-JJ LU> ■ * • S? - " a
j-jU-^i ^jii" Jll apical j^ou V. ^.j moral order moratorium moratorium
moral defectiveness moral anormal t Juii-I ^.yii; j-^>»* J»-V OjijJL »\»j!l .J»j
Jl»*ll U11 J* ,_JJ J| ^jj; ^^ ^j_jJJ t_Jtf. 5il_P uJju liDJj
u> **■**> &Mj ' Vlj^l J** ji *> ^Krj morbidity rate taux de morbidite ^1 JfcS
• m~* **^ iUaJ Ja-^j ijl^ilj iU-j Jl tiiJi Jff-I
ii*. Sji jj*aP (J »JaUII *?*J-\ ONUJI i~— <
moral rearmament rearmement moral oVUJl a. *a*j i>3l vllt ^ OlSUl *o* Ja-ju Jl
j* jui ^ Wij «ijJij SjWWij auSli ^ui mores moeurs ^jj, t j,^,
Jj Jul i jjl jJtX*^*
moral welfare protection morale ilaWl £l*jH oUj>JJ LJ* r-jji j- ^j* ,« li JL^VL jlyVI
vHkT i-.jJIj v^l olUI V-. f>" y? 1 J**- 1 • ^ u ^ 1 ^J i --'J> ^/^ J^J V*j" J^
- 3 ^ J . r~ sr \ . j ^>. -J- i? moron arnere simple jyLil t Ojj>>'
., ^ .. feeble-minded J _U»JU»U^ oli J* i» J>l j*
cf. girls protection ^ "
imbecile <L.V1 vOji— \Y.> AO^ Ji*!' •j**^j , j^.j
morale moral Sj,j$.\ »-j5l j- » ,, , , ^ ,. „ , -
./— xjjr |(j| 0t 8ji j| ^j ol ^, vj r u« JiJI »^^ ^jljuj
JUaJMI ij i*-Ui-l Jl i_ Jli ij>ll ^jjJI J;*i' . ^—j ii- ^ (UoJI »_,»* j-j'juj
iyj.1 ^jjll ^UJtl OjUjj .UijJlj j_yJ^\j iTjlillj __
morphology morphologie UVjJ^jjll
lilS^JLj fUtVl tjoJ Ujll f Ji~ j_^JL ^U^U v'^^
-jjllj cliques ^jLi olpllif Jl divisiveness <-r?j> J 1 '^V 11 J 1 o'je^ t/rj^ J^ 11 ^ (i~
Jt ^L^ JUiVI Jp J.U1I OpLj JwJI j i_^ll »^-»V i^'V^jr-^ *•*-#•* ^y^'j ■V JI f 1 - 5 !"^ 1
-Uii Jl Oji <H\^\j g&V\ SjIjj Jl ^ij, Lf J-JI ■ V JI f 1 -^^ 1 '- i:Ui -' ^
. i_^JI j\ jLj»-NI j- oj^ mortality rate taux de mortalite olJJII Jluw
morality moralite J^VI jJI^ iiJUaiil death rate : Ja\
. jil\ ^4j joJI J«i JJ Jjiil; j>o" ^l ii^ail motherhood maternite iij*Sl
lii. L. ^IjJVl «fu. Lf UUJI ,jUI j*^ ^j L-Ltl J*- i-Jjllj A^»Jkl <j fVI * f_^£ t;JJI j>dl
275
^LiVl jU cji mother kin »VI Z)j
Jli
b .J
■f
■VI
oiiJ i«JJl oUUU JjVI Jl£iVI Jom cjITj
vl_»- ««Ja«!l »VI ji mother goddess UVI *VI ^
tHii ili«l J^j ij^jiJl; IjjjS" Ul^ftl « Jjjll jlS"
. it Jill i^pflll tljJll J criJi'
V. -Uaij mother complex »Vl Sjjp Jli j
cjl mother instinct iiyVI »jij*j vi^J 1 •■^
. JU.VI i>j
o tjill «JjUl
(iill ^t»-VI Jidl (^1 mother right ^Vl ji-j
^Vl J «UJI jUa^l J 5VU. <dl£ii (j^iii J ^ii
f^ji J ijVI jUa^lj matrilocal »VI «* j£-!lj
^^aixiil ^i mother-surragate »VI Ji^.}
O^j jy~ -*»j -fVI jj-tf" j»-l _j>»J »j>J J»«i (^JJI
. ^ JjOj ilif 3j«!l
motivation action de mouvoir
>Jl
US' . <i-»^ iU- y*i *rfryj ^*r*J J»l£iJI Sjli^-I
ipj SjttV iil^J.1 AjT^LJI Ol^»«ll »U»w«l <i x*Ju
motive motif yloil
i> jji^" ji jU'Vlj .b*AI 3> ai J»Ly jji ^jj*i V
Uj^j Jij ,SL»JI (^ >Cj*i*l a>..,''.S" Jjill J' :- ' ,s ^~ J J
y^Ui. jjSJ \^j- intrinsic motive Ull .iljll
If-'UJ .>./ii; V *j iJL«VI J»UJI j»Umj extrinsic
iJjUl jjj J>.b iljjcl motive -ilaJU jiUJIj «»IjJI
,_£-jl>- tjiji incentive jiUJl l*i <^>-lj)l; jj*ill.j
Js^lj «iljJli tul— (VI joiljJ (e^jj iiJ'j jl SjJU^- Jj>-jj
MULTI-GROUP MEMBERSHIP
. *>-j\>- J»UJlj jjiil
incentive jili- t impulse ^jJ^p «i^ : ^
mourning deuil jIjmII t Ojm)I
jl iji^»- V*l^il J»^iJ J^ 1 J* OJ»JI J*- Jz*&
iir Jr\ JU:VI j*. j^VI ji yciJI ^ ji r uui
ji .bjjl ( _ r o">Ukl »Ujl jl tj^kJI wj^". f^ 1 J 1
. . . £» .UJI
movement mouvement iiTyJl
jl j^ll J JjSJ J_ij J^»dl j«dl ^k iTjjjl
V-tJI j* iTj»Jli j-mjj .-^jll ji ulSil ji 04^1
^iw jl Ja~\ J vijJ»J Jll SJjJUSJI OljJdl «-p1P>-VI
. ^jUVI J.UJI j;jL.
economic movement iiLia»VUS''^J I JUi
intellectual movement ^i^ 11 ST^J'j
labour movement iJllJl iS^JIj
political movement < l . C .1l is^Jlj
social movement Ctlli-VI iT^Jl : jl»;l
mulatto mulatre Jjll
3^iJ til! La C— Jj j^iikiwi djJ^-" J/" -JljJ l«
«_-J OU-!Ak*tfl (( ^»!5UJI »j aJjUi t JU- (^1 Jp
. i»w»lj jl <ilix» iJV^ U C-J -Li»
.nulti-group membership societariat des
groupes multiples &}jia.\ O&UwiJI *±y£*
IjtMa ^ynj .UUj»- y Jf\ j iljiVI 0»-l *ij~**
Xf- »^>J>I ^jJj J-i iJjJj (jl k-jf.j i vijjO>JI ijX"
olpl^Ji ui j/l^-Vi iJjUl ji ^fe-Vi .UJ *LU;
^j>-VI oIpUJ^I ^ cJjil (_,-* J U»Ui*-l i-*l£>-VI
^l^VI J»&Il, jl* ti 4Ui Jp vjjS ^1 jUVl ^j
MULTILATERALISM 276
il^UI ^j ...jJI -ill ^j ^l^lj J^NIj jp OULII ^j . ^JJLJl u- 1 ^ ^-^ -i^ 1
»]_^- illjjl jjtll jaj i»M* *m:j> OU-U^- ^Irt-Ml 31 oU*>JI Jjl ^ Jfi jtj (^jU»»I_j ^Irf-I fit;
iljw ,JI 5X0*11 OU-Li-l j. v-L^ iy oOj-jT Jjill l^ ^ JJUw it*, l^i jii-J Jll j-lll jl£- j* j^Ji:
multilateralism multilateralisme <JI>Sl aJrf d 1 ^ 11 ^ W? 1 * ! ** sdl *=*' ■** ^^ «^* il -'
to^Jb icaJUl ( _ r Uil j^j .Jill iy'lj ^ iUll
.kc Jl jUaaVI (J«- J « J»l >NI JJi~" » jJ^
\ ." ' '. ..*JI«*U!I jJlJil.o^L.ljlUi^lrt-'yioUJiiJIj JUdlj
^u ,> r >. jtri ji ^ «^' us ijM J»i«i j. c ^ ^
^u- jii a^iii j, t^ ys.Sn -b-i >» a^ 1 trJ '^ I, ***** oU ^ 1 -' ^-^ ^u^'j fj-ji'j
. VL, L> ^l>Vl s.u~. 5j M J^ munici P al ordinances £»Bl £!> i*Ql
~kJI ^l/V iJJLJI ijJ*- J^lj V. Jr- 11 f^^ 1
multi modal curve courbe multi-modale
• <^
»^!l iaxdl j>Jil
municipal courts i"o£ll *Tli^l a*-y US'
' J_>J Jli_J ijUl J jJ»- li^*' Jr*"* V'Ufl^-l j*>~i)
(*i JJ^ U* f * 1 **" 1 * ' vlo*-JI I^ J .«. * .,I jJI t-ljl t_~*U?j
. . t ■ municipalisation iihiJil Jiljll Sjbl ioill
. J^ 1 J 1 u^** J! «^ «>»Jil J VU*I ilU jl
. J^l >jJI JaL- j< j*y «bf I y>)
f i
multipartlsm multipartisme ulji-lll iJii •&
' ' municipal socialism socialisme municipal
cMi j i-LJi tfjai ^ a-j jj^i *w i{4l j ) ^j^, y. |jJW
U>; SiU- ^jlja-Vl oi* OUUll rjljuj . i-Ulji^Oll
' .. " " .. associa- ;j,Ul iTI/iNl u« J»-j (/'j^ 1 f to
. jl — II ^wailj u>*-" u^ 1 *'
state socialism iljjjl iSSj&j tive socialism
multiplier multiplicateur JopUiil ijij^i jkldl ax jjUl jlil.1 Jp (/jkJ U jO*
^ jv-ij; ^jjl ^ja*!! J.U1I Jp jl]* ^^k^l • iikiS[
4 i-USli 5jL,jII j. SoJ^J.1 ^jill J^jJI ^ mLjII mu9 eum musee JiiJil
ij^Jli jut j< SjoiVI 5jIj^ jj$lp U JjjIj jp (jliVI _
jUwVI Olj3l ^jp l^iJ* iJUJj i-J*- 5Lil«
.ll^U-Vl.lp «.|ill JU^I Jl ' •
r- cr ^sv- » ^. ^jj, ^^^j, ^.^ t ^j, y ^jj, ^ jU , o^^tj
J*** j«ik^ tj^uiii oi jjiii js m t5>i iji* j ^^ai ^^j ^,ij^ ^^ ^^uL ^ ^u-iij
il^N/l Jl Jiij U^-VI Jl JJLl l^ j* ^11 «%II . ^, jU ji_, ^01 i.lj.j o>« -»«~
. J^-oJI J wljjllj il^VI.^ SjIjjII us V-^ 1 j»
music musique lAfj*'
employment « tJi»>Jl i_itUi« » : Jlij
ftiUlj Jijdl J ugi «UJI jloil multiplier -V^fW ^ u* *fV>J ^OUJVI j»
. jl^VI SjL j jp U--jLl oVNI j. jju* ^)l oIjm.S/1 jbfj
municipal administration administration J^ 1 "' t.^^ f ^^ Sr 1 ^
municipale •V-^' J^* ; ~ ; i>* iiiil iiijS'i-t^l iLt _, (J i_-_ r U] _>
277
«L.j ^ >ii!JJ_, J^l^-l <^j «J . t ,;,,,II Jl uijUII
. olJbfjII iTjlill J-5*Jj jPliil Ja,^
•Up ~ iUJJj iJiJI ^1 Jp jjj; l^i jfa, jlT
£>Uf ^Sj-yll ^aj*uJj ethnomusicology
.musicotherapy clinics
mutation mutation 'j-^^ 1 Jj«il
. i^Ul rl^S/lj iJUJI rl^l j^k; J i.UI J^l j,
mutualism mutualisme £xj>\x!t\ .iiiuJl
^Irt-MlflkJl Jp ijjjjj.1 «itt»l ^JJI ~.^l
^ J) .iLlidl oUjdVlj jjlyll io*. Jp fJ i ^jji
iL» r ^» ibUI jl Jl A. Gesell & F. \\g J jL iu Jci\
«*>*^ ^^ *^ J^ 1 <£*-. *k-jU «•*» Jj i*jW
. « JjUI V UJI i) j* ^UWI j,
mutuality mutuality ifcQl £*tfj &•*-
. iiliJI ijljfll
mystery cults cultes mystiques i>'jJ\ JJ&Jl
. OUJI i»-jj Jl (JrJ-^II o-jj Ja j^Jli'jl -Uj
^11 <_^» mystery religion ^'j^ **l;-*llj
l,JI jj-ijj .4pL*«U j-Jj JytU 5j^T i-»*l l,J Ja«;
MYTHOMANIA
« — .rr" u"-^' : "J Ml ^^^J^Ml j_>
y-ii Jll j-jiUJ mystery ceremonies or cults
'j'^r*! ^ n . /t'' ij 4 4^«l>- apU^ ftL^pl ^Ip btjMi>
JSL-j Jp ili»JI iJo,- ^jU'j vL^sJi i_J0 i_^-
mysticism mysticisme ^iyo^\ «_j>Ju
^J^i\ JlJejtjAj ijgi iL.Uil ji JJUII v_jijil
Ojull jij (»ULl 4-^JI ij^JI ji JiJI JjJ, jp V
jP *jJU ^J" jl J^C i»-jjll iiJ>JL. j\ 4JII; S^Lil
J«U" ii>;j (>LJI j^l jl Ijjjll _,! j/tll J, J,
. Jkil jXdl ^Lk^l _,! (^jWI ^^Jl illjjMI j*
>— h ^1 /?> J»uai, j»Jij . j:iiji ^
JUa^l ji<- <Jl; *Jll Ifj jxJLj < ; ...,fti 4ll_>- y»j l r-'J'
• J*' V.
myth mythe ijjaJI jjjk-MI
^?u»t Jk-j jii ^^11 j«. oJ^'j 4 yjWi ^ijb-Mij
^1 ,>I>S/ o£ol ^1 oUI>JI jej 4 4JUI
L^*°* ^ 'j^J <L»5tp jji-Jlj 5j_jU-Ml j;_> . iJLdlj
J t»' . c Sj_jU-"M1 rj^Jj 4 Sj_jla-"l kjla_»-l jJUiJI
. i*t»-Ml ObUllj 4 iuJallj jjfll j»l> JlxJI JiJI
mythology mythologie ^rjjil\
iJLiJI iJ /../ti\\S' l> 4»I_5J jjiJ ^1 jifcL-MI i*-_^»jf
j» Ij^T L)U- j»,.<i:Tj «*i>JLIj i«_liJJ iiL>J.I yklloll
4,5-ill (JUJI Jp ^^U^MI Jju UT v> ^ll jvp ^jMI
mythomania mythomanie w»jSOl Oj>-
►IjCiMlj -vj wjJ5il_, i!jJL>JI J Ulil Jl ^^. Jj»
N
narcissism narcissisme cilill ji* -K, <~j^
>s g?! iUJll dUt ^-ill JjUJl ^ V- j^i
■^ J?* yj ' **^ \*y*y -Cli itf I JJ Jjill Jj:
. UUI .yily.VI i*Uj i_,i>l OVl>Jl J
narcotics narcotiques olj<
. jio^i au- ji UjU s^S"
« jjj — >«JI jut 0*J (_j— iJI J^***'' • J^*ij
J* r^«)' ,>• *i jlall «-i» rj&) narcoanalysis
«!U- <j j^o; ^j*. <j ji»u ^U- jOi^. j* JlI jUkf
drugs : ja\
natality natalite xJljli jj* , K-j/t^
j!uij jJI_,Ll ObVy. i_^aijl i-lji ~j .J-UI ji
. W**- >k» >J? ^1 J*lj<Jlj natality rate xJlJ[l
V 1 -*" J Jr. a?- effective fertility *JJoJ\ J\
.UVl aJljll ^Lo- J J^j, j Jj 3 .ol r Sl aJljll
«LJ&.
_»j-ua>Ji
JLJU
total fertility
nation nation »yjt tt_J»Ajl t£»S|l
SJ»-lj ^jl Jt Oji^uj ijUaal tJU»«j ,_^-t>-l
j i— -U — 5\ io-UI j* Jajljjll oj* »I_>J J* JjLjuj
. ijjJI jU»l
folk ^-iJI ^>Jll : >l
national accounts comptabilite nationale
i ^U^iSlI ) U jL j iibJil ioUaNI o1u>-jl) iJlllj
°jj-» J (•■■ j^' v^*^ 1 ^'-^' t i jUJI oliit
ii-T ^jll j, iji Jt>U ^^ill iUia'ill j ^Jj~" Jil
J»ixiJI ^yj ^jt-\ iji Jj i^.j Sji j> ^jill
'ii-^Ml £U«i ^ (OL.JiJlj »L_5t ^LJI) ^L_JVI
^liaj Vj^ 11 5jla>l ^Uai ji i.U!l oUJiJI {ALij
jiuii ^umj jJu\ oir^ij lijji ^i jjjai .ik-jii
U^-J
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279
NATIONAL SOCIALISM
OUj>Jlj *) )\ 4 — j\ — ^-J i 4*Jty&\ Oil >J1 «-^jJj
wLJIj 4_-UJlI JSUjIIj Ol-ullj iaUaNI ^—Sllj
«JNji!I oli olUI «^' Jl Jjo,-' Jll i;Ua=-Nlj
J">U- »^JJ j^-^il cSiUaNI J.liJI jp iaUdNI
national balance sheets v^*" ol e'j^' ~~ ^
balance of pay- oUjiJ.1 jljj. oL,U^ - r
ments accounts
flow of funds ac- Jlj.Nl j»jj ol>U»- f
counts
input-output oU-jiJ.lj o">U-J.I JjIJj;- - i
tables
national income ^jJJl J*--*!' OIL*. -
accounts
ana. social accounting
national character caractere national
iua«il! '^>5ll £&l
i_^ic- Jl pr-y ^11 iwa>JI j< j^^U jl Olr*
4^Jj jl^iU«MI J< *>*J>\} i>-jj ^ Ji»JI li» jj^j
ij: jtil iL-^JJ ^j<£)l ^Laivll JiJji *_i vLJjl J
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national income revenu national '^-j>j&\ J^jII
income, national : Jail
national planning planification nationale
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Ji& Jll JalaiJI pijj iiliJil £i*ll OU-UJ
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national product produit national ^j^ 1 jj'^ 1
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rjUl jl Jp ^iLaaNI ^ j^ jU;l -iarjij .
OUaiJIj «UI r^.J^ J^'N 1 |_ri ^V^ - ^^ v-^^:
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national socialism socialisme national
J « j— b» >_Jjjl » l_»UJl 4_S' J ?-j V^rJi - ^.
Ii» ^jij (^ta - \VfT) ■ LyM -i>J oLj^iiJI
itC rojtil j&u <L~f- \i Jliil i.^»jjl J*- l__»Jl).l
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ii»lj»jf Jlj i^! 1 Jij jlS^i' Jj J» jp ^a .. ^: ... ? ^)l
^1 t-Tjiii jij jL-i;i .L^S/I J^- Jl c?^' ^
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NATIONALIZATION
280
iSj&\ j^-y jj.^1 iS\jizy\ jt^j Ji^i j»oiij
^1 j^ Ijjilj U> yW ^j ^yJI >ull is pj
ij olTVl «J}LJI «UJ living space iSy^
nationalization nationalisation ^.tfi
i£L. J) iv«.uJi oiTpiJi _,i jiji^i j. i£lli Ji
je- ^L-j vU>JJ ISCJU JjSc j>- i.L!l i£llt ^i -Jy\
oi» yl^l ,j*j~" J^U* villij ciJIHjl SjliVI
^Ul JjUi Jij . y* J^UI j^l je. oIpj/11
. ^jVI ji vLJI jl 4UU, ji ^liVI Jlj»i
nationalism nationalisme 4*J^'
4-fcill il^L; ^^i*!*- ^j-yj>y "V JJ«-i Jj»«j" ,j»
ji ji /u-^j >Sji ^.lji ^jii o- J^a J>
> v^i' lSjI^'j .>jU i>JI ."Vj ialjj Jp J-*j
nationalism, economic
nationalisme economique JoaLiaNI <u« **JI
j?)x}\ JT ite'l j*j ,U£VI j, jj» ^k^l
t U aL J ^1 jU»* JIJJI .LcTNl JI V^ 1
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jlj-VI 4 i-Ull- oL^JJ ^Ul jf>l -pxI
iijji-ii aiui ^ui iuii jsijui f iaiw.ij i auii
ijUJI Jp fcjoaJI j^ill j. kiDj Jl U, jjUJI j.
. JUIj
nationality nationality i' ..'- , ) i
jii a-jmi j^jji ^ ;_ju jus ^.-yi ^ ^
ji uii ji j^vi ^ iiij^Nir v*iii ai>i ^ ^
. jpU-Ij jJULl j illjU.Vl ji ix-Uil
iJ^Jj Lji» bji Jajy Vj'" «»^* 0_yU)l «Ic- ^j
•"VjIIj *!>0I v*^ J* «jl*»J' j"!"*' J* f j*j ' ^**
i_-_i i^iii C-5 Jl ^j iJL»l 4__ JLI jjSi oij
ij-ll ^U^lVI v-^J ' o-^ 1 ->' &1^ J ^ Ll
. I(oUj>u v^S J^.j Ifj C......I: Jl ii>JI <,.„.;,>■
native land patrie jt^ll
*Vj If- ^VjIj «JlI >^ <•! *^— J (^JJI aLil _y»
«UlT jl t5j>-l iljOJ Ou aLil li» jlT jl j j^ t l,JI
. Jju i)jJ iuj i i»VI a-L»
nativism nativisme il*'$\ iiliilU ilxi^l - \
Jjjiu Jl J».y' Jl OU-Li-l ^j*. lillJb -Uai
^l>ulj iL>-aJI OliliiJI W^ i*)\JLA) ii^>yi\ ii\j£i\
.*~*M y vJl>-Vl jl~Jj J- aiisll j* J-^Vl ^ui
*_oJjl olTj>JI j. j£ oU^VI li» C^ rj-^.j
. v-'su.'yij ipirt-Mj
revivalism JJU-M itjJI : JiJl
5>iJl k^AJU .ijUJI - Y
JLj «U:"I j-iJI _1p j T-^kvuVI li,-, X*»i
r-">Ua^>^l IJA »Ji^-l Jij t OU^allj ~Uall 4jjkb
oUVl iiydl J J,l_^ll jl ^Ul >~ ji Jp iJNolJ
• *;>>-" J J»I»JI je- <Ut..„4 jjill j _^kj JUIjj «Jjjj»
JLw ^1_»- iiydl i^liJ JJ i_jkjll li* -Uf Jij
. ^jUIj jl&Sfl ;>*
natural economy economie naturelle
jlT ^JUIj OjiJI »IJUi-l «j jO^_ ^iil iUaaVl
»UaJ ,_/«Ja!l iUaaVI li» J »ij t^jUaaVI Uj^kj
J *<a>- jl i«L» il »lj^u-«l j< j^f (^iil i«iULl
. i^j^l i«A>- jl ini-M ii_\ i\ji.
281
natural group groupe naturel
jji V~i .lit j, UJ, j£j ^|l oIpLJ-I ^»
iilxjl J* jJUil l^i pi- V J)l ^litj l^ 4pUl|
• 1-5 >■' ^U«» UUA-I >Loe.l ^ Jajj," J, i^ai^i\
natural law loi naturelle ' .V fo i oJjUll
. jj^ll ye- jj^ ^11 apl^illj JiJi «, .i.„;. - ^
iyiJI jjiiJI UUiic jj_; ^jUIj j^l^yjl j, j_j - y
a* l* 3 j*-J -Ua-Jj .(^uij jyli ^1 jf- iii: — .
ui-J'j ^V a" 1 -' > J>' c/tr^ 1 ii^J — » - r
. £j-^ OjJlill ^Ul J* V
natural rights droits naturels i^ 11 Jj&Jl
. 4-«i CJjJI (^
OI—lVI ikJ> ^ tllf l*jU*l; y : .U » jji>Jlj
UT <l^ JjUl jU^I jy: y, i' JJrJ ijai ^
. .o I^pIj^I ji I^Uil ikJL jlT tsSf jy: V
. J.J>II
natural selection selection naturelle
ill ^lka?l
selection, natural : J±>\
naturalism naturalisme ' -' til ' »_-»ail
NAZISM
jJbj .iuJail iU- jjU jJJ^ JT Uwj 1^)1
^ J>^ i^" <JJj' J «jj"-i (.^r^" > »j^ l«*j'
4j_jJ C—Jj i«^>!l fU^ JJ ^ ^j^j jUVI
. i«— Ul »ljj iJU-jj 1\m iSj^ «1«* j' rjj
l^j ^wO? tjJUUj oj^a^j OUjVI il^L* j!bj
jlai.1 1^ I ii^UVI 5L>JI j—i J}U-i v_jkJL. - Y
oU-U- jp ^* J^VI Jill o\j Vr^ 1 5 WJ
j>^-j "^rUJ tSj jl—iVI Lsu jlj »>lj«-j Jjiil
<«:ln,<ill ojUasJIj iJoil
Olpj-<Jjll il-lw JI tJJ,. t-uVI J (AjJall i_J»illj
i-J«!l Cn'^ ^» i-'jjJl; V.-^ 1 OVUJI J^— ; -»
Jj-.a^ JUilj aTjU f-ljjl <— ^J JI— ')" |*^»" ji"
. <ii>JI JI
nature, human nature humaine ijjl2\ ZL&\
human nature : ^lil
naturalization naturalisation ,,'^. : Ji
*^Se\y£ sjl^lj jw -At *--i>- (J (_ji>-VI J_j>o
Lr ^ r ai jti^ij . oL-^yij j>ji >^ j*
jj>i ^i jir j.
naturalized citizen
i^jr ^ijiiii ^.jjj us*-* J *^ lK ^-v
I *_jIj ^t JUjj
ijjjjl jljilU economically naturalized
OL'^j JsS\]ij Je- 4J jjl^a^j Ji. ^ J-uJJ jjjrif-.
j< jU.^1 : Jlij . JJJI IJL» Ojiixj «+Uif" ^llp
jUj>Ji ^1 dentionalization ^r-^' Jy^"
• "'Ijl^lj J»ljll j>- ^
naturism naturisme iilkJl SsCfr
J U «Jt jjb jLj^U ijljjl ojj-^aJl ji iSj^ i »JLi
.animism « i-»j<VI » jj^t Jj
Nazism nazisme
i'jtfl
".J
^.jll ,/l^S/l v j»Jl > JU.I (ijU^I r i
NECESSITARIANISM
national socialism £ajA\ Cf\Ji^\ : Ja>\
necessitarianism determinisme *>j#<M
determinism : Jm\
necessity necessite
Sj^All
. Jlill flkjl 5jj^ ^j
state of necessity Sjj^liJU- j,;li!l^ Jlij
JI ^^aiii IfJ jl»-ai «JjU» •~>)}> j*- Li^i i^Jil iJiijJU
iJjjjliD l^laj <;>lju rS^j jyUil <-U i_iU. _^l jUI
. Js^li li» JI «;Ljl ^l
. If. -ii iU-i-
necromancy necromancie rlijVl ]' ^~-'- '
Jt.1 aij .jyLl ^ijji JU;Nt j;> j* aijJl
. y*J\ ^j\ j. ^ ^l J*. Jjo j^»U ^^Wi/l U»
need besoin
£-£Jl
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JI v-UJlT primary needs iJ/yi oU-Uil - \
-I irUilj ,^-Jllj jCJIj fUUI
282
if" Ul ^1 derived needs iiiill oU-UJI — Y
. ^ff^l Ja--iilj iaLillj JUJIj i- jdlj
^j integrative needs i-JUl&ll oU-UJI - r
^UwJNI ^ j^i TjJi Ji~" ,^11 OU-Uil ^f
. ij»jjjdl_j <(jj3l J»LiJI ij~\y} *~i^ oL»jL»ilj
negativism negativisme
i_SU- <i^ i-J^oJI Je tSj^' *r'-' 1 ^' ^
ji *J| UUfc. L. ^ .jijll fUi ^-iJI pip J
. 4;>-jUJl OlyjiJJ OLUmi-l j* *j fyu jl jliXJ U
negotiation negociation iijUll
. iTjUll JJUit jlii Jlil fljjl jl £l ji ij_; JI
neighbourhood voisinage gjL>Jl
aaljil (ji^uj 5a>l»*» i»-L-C Jj^j j**s* (**^
^iJI district ^Jl jp » J J r \ UL^- Ok£j
^»UJI oljUv-VI ^U Je pJUll ^jbNI -Jell j- Li
neo-capitalism neo-capitalisme 4ba»JI iJU-iljJl
Vj^» OlVi OUJlI <j ^wiii i^JJI Jls-ijll ^IkJI
Jijj UUII U»j|l <»»L<»1I Jij ^li^fl *t-yj I+^J 1
283 NEO-MERCANTILISM
*ij*^i 'j^ 1 g^'j oUj^l J^ki iDij . iUli &>- Neo-Malthusianism neo-malthusianisme
Jl J^jllj Vj>>. J" oL-ll jS> J* iliiUll, ^ Vl^I 0^ j^i • i ~« 11 t5>— ^^> <-r-^'->
v. , , vJ_i>_JI Jl *U_Ml ,v ^Ijl, , L_JI JjA>^o JJ; L.'l
neo-classicism neo-classicisme ijoiji f. \'\( jf \ \ • _,
v, OUIjdjI ^ jIT lil *;l i JiOl »i* jlvil ^jj L5
UUll >_<y>Jlj ^AV• i_ j; 0_^t iiUail i,jOi J_,jJJ 5-UU.Ij ij«il »jj_ ji oyJI V J_ > *i)l J* ijjSlI
ouiiji auii, ic_oai i-UiJi ij_ji »l Oiiti jj^i t i'jir ji ^jj; _» i^ v_.i_*l_ii s jl» oj» viiuai
(►*' J* S-^ 1 5 j& ^-!10 . ^jL^I J;UJI j jjSL- jlSUl, ik^il JjjJJ iiU SopU. ii j\ villi,
. JLijU, v ^IjJli, Jy-i j Tjji _jjii OVSL-JI ji UU> 5-Uli ij Jl_y\l .iA
neo-colomzation neo-colonisation "
JjJj>_ jUai-a N e o- Marxism neo-marxisme &OmJI ^Tjlil
J* iiUalj v-L- J- W* 1 5 >r-" u*> <i_. i^UTa ^> jl v_j.il! li* jU;i J>_
J ii>\i jji v^V-j u^-^ J»i>\i ^ u yji ^^^ ^^ji j^ tUaij t u ^ jp oU;la j| ^
• lSj^— «i> ^ jljUs ji iJU-ijII j_Cl J ji jj^ villilj
J Jjjjul jUjcu-NI fJliCwj (( SJjJli-l iJlijy^l I) • f-fc"
A-*i!l OjUll ,_jiU_J i^U- JJUj -wiljcl j;^" neo-mercantilism neo-mercantilisme
Jit- dUi j.j i JlUII fUll tsijl i^jl*. ji i^^l ^JJ*- 1 JriJ^ 1 S-*^*
... jji i>L^i _*i_,ai ouij t _>^_di iy» ^ i^^- j^^^, jj^j, j^, 0iUll ^^^ ^^^ t ^\ ^
neo-interventionism neo-interventionnisme • V^ 11 hJ^ J-^ 1 _»•
iii-iiJi ilkuil vi i>Ji ^Ui j. s_i_. ,>.jM *i/o! j^jj
cSJ^^I cfJU-iNI *-Ui ^ J^jJI ^^IX. J^i , ~f , ^^ jjj tii _^j| j^ji J ^- ^ ^-i
i.U)l iJiJI » ^1 .uJj. J ^ ^ r -v t_ , j^T j_^ , ( ^ ^ f ^ ) (( ^jj^ j^.y^ jj^^ ^y, ijiji , ^i^- J
> i.uii oiuji 5joi j^jjj ,, i^ij sojuiij iu»u i_uji_, .^iji ^r ^1 ■ j jjjUji i>i ji o-j
-:Ui_i. ^1 J,, »Uili_, ^Irt-^l f lkJI ^^ ^ b? ijJUII ^ ,>L_il l^ ^h i| iU- S>i ^
j.j .i-*iai j_^S;ij __^S/i j tsji,- j^- jji j^i ^^^ i^j ^ J . ) oij!>\i s_iij j; t^jji
j_ji ii* ^ ij^ji u^jji 1^^- jii oi.i^i iujt j> ji diji ji vju, yi_ji v5>~. >^"j
v _«l]»U!1 iopU. voIjjUI ^iK-i: v^Ull JliiS/l i.u, ^ ^^i^- ttj_» 3jjJI l^ii; j!l vj^l J*
...jJI ij>l>^l oy'LJI . ^jU
NEPOTISM
nepotism nepotisme
VJ
iti^i sb'ui
<-*-V. tSj*-* 1 oIopI_. (>-f»^-f. ji J-*"^ *;j^' JL>JIj
. i«U)l i»«JLail i»-b^ cjwcJI ^
l^ill JjL-il ^ J»l 5_y*»; o»i>>Jl 'J* J;1"'-:J
J>k Jj5sj jlj *J L^iti lopl . J-»j«J *j jlit Os-I ,jv>«j
. 5>-JlI tpt»-M UJJI
JI OliJil J l ^vilijU) i_>^»ll j-jj)l l yui^jj
nervous disorder maladie nerveuse
>J»1j »lii» ( ^«— >■ ( _j— ai k-iljlsuil ^./inll ^jll
^^r <.i_^*ji U5UJI ji £ju li?- ttji £_ji j iu»t ji
• (j-* fLr"-* '~~ 4 ^-~ 1 (_j«— >- («-* *-jIj]su»I (e-^J'
neurasthenia neurasthenie
ji j>> 5UJI j iaUil JUpVI »IjI IjIjU- US' UjOj
. ^fjjy-t k__. klDJJ jjSvj
neuro-psychiatry neu ro-psych iatfie
psychiatry : Ja\
neurosis nevrose, psychonevrose
oNUiNlT 4-_i J.ljP j. iliU Sill i~->- j»Ui.
. jJI i*a»ldt JljaJI ^ fly^ilj OUjuJIj £*&<
J v-JL-l >lj*NlT iSiUI i__JL-l j»Uillj
284
^wiJI j^^) Wjll kJjUJJ wJI oUaJI ^IjtVl
jU^JIj c^Jl! kilillj otll jl&Sflj (gs ^ jli)
cf. nervous breakdown
ana. psyche-neurosis
neutralism neutralisme 3L»Jl <^Xt
. ^>Sll J>0I ^ ^1 J jLc^VI f o«
*Jj«il ^ i-LJI »JL» «^ij ^1 J>0I ii_jL* iJJstj
p^.j .J»!5UNI k_^j J— JI j J^ii-VI Jt i-JI
^jli J^livJI ijiijll ji *«-jU»dl (^^l t^jL* ,jv Ja-j
OliUjMl Jj *>\ e »«i>'i/l ijiij jL»JI i_j»X> j. ,iiTij
jf« (^i ^ iip^-c- S-IpL. • jl i»«JL<l J_jj jl ti._^_*)l
-IjdVI ji ' U^ <d>-* -J^lj* ^ ->' 'U*^ 1
i>-Li j»j non-alignment jUs^'Vl ^op jL=JI j.
Jv Ja^ll jl JJjJI i)jU^. Xj. i_^Ui I Sj^o jLvJI
SjpjJI Jt5U j. JlUJI (JUI ptj ji vjLuil J»I>NI
positive neutrality U^.^' ;>l e x " ^.l
^f. juJI JI tJJlf; iJjJil i-L-JI i^' kljJs- i^-aJl* y>j
J>0I jljjl iA»- e> : «>«'l <_^-!lj ijSwJI tJ^Vl
. Ja«ll_, iljUl Je- (^11 JiUil ftAJI J*. aiiUJIj
neutralization neutralisation a-«Jl
JV J 1 *!>> (c 1 * 1 J- *> J 1 *-* *!>> j-*j f 1 -^- 1 t>
. JjJ J— i 1 jl iliiS" Jjj
285
4 Oj£ jL»- «JU- <j 't-jj>^.\ JliVI ji J>J)lj
J& Oj& jl ilSjv^II cS^I Ok £Lr" »> la jj 1 * 1 v 11 " 11
UoL>- Jp JiUaJI ^ JS'jCi. 4>JLi« (_s;_jiH »i* j»
J .->
night work travail de nuit
demilitarization
WAV* 'J'! <_r~*"~ " VJj^ u* •>■" "^ Js^ -^
il-b-Vl J-iiJ J-JI OU^; ^j . ^LJI f.jjl^"
JUJI JJuJ *j* ^jp j^xJ 4J>»)I (Udl i^» oL«9jj jt
tui j, ui» iaj ^i aiui * ,>ji j ji£.vi jji
^H oUli^ll ^ ^Jij U-U> V «*UI Jl »U- U
oUli^Jt ^ jofj .ol;jL» O^ JUJI Jt^j f>«J
night iltli Cj&s J jji^ jjjll JU*U ifU liui
t_f Ull jt pt^ij^ shift differential
nihilism nihilisme jlh&t
■ ^^ O^i W* <^~* J? ^ ^ >.j»" £ J^J
»-WI jjill (^ U»jj (^ i_«»jil lift , «o Jij
0>i; ei/ jjiyu V jjjll »VJA ^JL oWlT ^i*
nirvana nirvana lili/JI
•Ul Jl^iN/l JJ J^»j)l iijJi J Dli^l; -Wai
SWI/. illJij ^^ijl Oljfi J»j O-JLlj ^jjll yg
jw Jll i-AVl cSjillj jaoi.iJI JUaJ^lj i-ij-AJl ~»ULI
,1^.1
!•*> (A*-* 11 ^jTj 11 o* ^Jj* ^M J^'j
nobility noblesse
NOMINALISM
Jftil
jT^ ^JP i'tjjil i>«^' _y>«j jl£-JI J» ii
j>»^j:. V iJjlU ji ^*-Vl »Upj Oy-jjll lSj;j
t L^i^i^ (J 3J0- *$*AJ ucc*^ 4->a* y*'jl l>' ^r^*^ j>
nomadism nomadisme
5jla-!l
iyi\ i\~>-
jlSl« J jl^Ljl _)\jt~"\ »■**• jl JU-j3l 5jIjlJI ^wj
If^UI jtL. j^i; jl oU-LJ^I jk^k; jl »U!I JljW vljtf
^>i y .ijuii .ij, L- >3 >* j. ji i >v jT^
. SjUJI ji
nominal wage salaire nominal * »*- , M l jr"^ 1
*_^j ^jll Jjill j» Juill «Ul iJJJJL Jj^aiil
. iUijll
ji~ lS'j « i-AiJI . jjs-Vl i y SjLJI »JL» i_sjl^j
J jJdl .__-, LIT }\ L*j»- i^^b Ji iJiJI j_,»-VI ,j
nominalism nominalisme ' u,°jIii »__iali
Jjij LS ' a -"->" JJ-^ 1 J 'y-^ V*-^' '-** 'J^'
Vj ^Ij J>JJ- U ^-J 5j^I jl i.Ull JiLiiV! ui
.oJb-j y^Jail jlUll; J^ai" Jll J> U^i jS0:_ Jll ii_i>Jl
Jji ^jjl realism ^i'jll <-iJll o-^* J*J
Olpj^^ V-j^ o^ J* 1 — * 1 ^"*'j •'J^'J ^ '-'IJ^H <Jl;
NOMINATION
286
(( ^-jjidl i *ill )) JjVl i fcill Jj£ »jjl U- 0»j
« <__U«!I L^iill » Jlilli_j.aH J^.Js-j empiricism
-rationalism
nomination nomination \y "^ ~ \
y>j _ ? a»JI ~."^/l ^ SjIp -J*}\ Ojfcjj i tjj- jp «jj:
u **Jii\ UJI LJ w ^1 iJiUil ~.lj 4iL'U-il^»l jp ojj: U
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L-r. ^'>i '''j 11 J'L-J tS- 1 *-! O^UJI J L. -j^i
' ,ju jYsU. jUjJI
offspring progeniture jLIll t ijiJl
. Lip Ja>*-JI jw ji jLjJIj jj*^ L-'ij SjL^jl
jj-T -liJ j^l J*- jJa-i jJkvall ^^Lo* «_ jj
. ijUJI CllT/Jlj V"lj»-^lj OlfULIj OUjS^JlT
JlSLil j^ ljL«li }l£Ll i«U- ii^ai U'jImJjMI ^OL«Jj
tyranny jixj^NI ji US' iile\jiz*.j)l\ jLj y> i-jSUjI
iLi _y» miob rule »U-j«!l »^>-j i-Sllil jLi y>
i—jTjUJj"^ ^joj—jJI jy\ ill : Jl ij
•jjy^ JJ !j^j iron law of oligarchy
p-^ 1 ji Lrij^yj ji Iki^y.j i-jS^ii js^i jir .1^
ogive ogive
£^£l " tf jl>3l ^1
cumulative frequency curve : ^lkii
old-age assistance assistance de vieillesse
J»^» j~a£j i»U!l OUfULI {Jail ji i*l>-NI
OliiJ 4jlj,VI OUaiJIj i^all iUjilj OliUll
oligopoly oligopole ^JLoS 1 ,15^1
JJ» JJU- p_ji UJ^P L^jj ijjjl JJ"L* J,« J^*
jjS^.j i^jj41l J_U JSOl ^UNl, oliLii j\ 3\fi\ j,
. JljlS" Jl ijlill jl^L>-l Jj>«i i*^ J-.LJI jbjj Uxpj
monopoly : ^liJl
cartel
OMNIPOTENCE
294
omnipotence omnipotence
in\ ijJi jl Jp JjJ *J*y\ Olill Olua ^0»-l
olail jji-js" ^/-S/l oU *_JU viiiij 4_»Ui. V
oUJl *1»£-Ij omnipresence jl£. '£ J iffyl
.omniscience .^ j£> 4*^'
oneiromancy oniromancie *^G-*5|I ^^j> ji*sl'
ij^^JI SUJl ^ty JUI ^L-i Jp pi ^j)l
. Ujl^.1 t j»iS' J l,.U-ij
one-party system systeme du parti unique
4»-ljll wj^l ^Uai
Lj>, S-^Ij iUL j^JI JjS J)l i._£>JI JiJ
J^ill -L^jJI Jjjall ^j .^j^ii! ^l_)l j^ I,.
Vr-j'ji-O' 1 •■*» t/»>S -*»j .*£»JI J>S jJl ipULl
£L>- *_->JI Ji joau j .(^j-ill £tf?l ji •IjTVI JJL-j.
J ^j^ 1 > aljiS/l u* LT t y* v_iU iljjdl
j t\y* jTly.Jp Jj*a»JI j SJOXi ij«-<» i_jJ»JI
. «^»JlI j jl jUaa^l J jl i»j£»JI
. 0^1 j)l V >JI
bipartism ^jH 1 ^still : ^liil
multipartism ^\yJj\ jji; .iL
ontogenesis ontogenie tSjjfc^ JHJ^ 1
yii j>- j*. j Tjjj- ^.(fiu ^i j>ji jjjt
Jj-IjLL y_ jyill jja: jl Jlij . phylogenesis
. fyJI j_jkj O/ ,Jll iiki«il
ontology ontologie j^ll Jp t Grjjjki^l
i-uS/l V^'j^-J S*^ 'Li^ 1 **^ *-ljJ
IfUtfUJ l _ r ij*A\ Oji i.U ii^aj vili jj .j^i V^*! *W*J
. i*>UJI
JUjII oV>j ^-iUlj ^Tlj&lj .loJIj ,>jNl jp
. viiii Jl L.j jl&lj
open class system
systeme de classe ouverte r>3[l *-a^ll jL3l
J •/> ^ Jli ji X j; ji Jjill 4J jS^C (^i ^.ijll
iJjili j_jJ J>-j; "Vj «jl_ ^ I (jol—l Jp i;P|p«-MI iiJall
• Ji-' J! j' i>i J' ilt>-Jl Jp i^j> V-Oii- ji
iiJs Jpl Jl f-UjjMI Lp_ > ^i_j» If-Jj ,»^>«i' it^i-'
Jl jljiVI llj>u' jjSo rj^l' < JJJI J— Jl Jj .vp-t^l
jjill 5U>- J">U- kUGij w^l UJ2II .U, Ji.1 ji Jp!
JJall J-JI ijkill OU-i>JI J J_JI IJL» Jjlij
i iJaJI »ji«; 4Jj closed class system jUll
OljOiil Jp V 5^1 jT^. Jp i_-L-l ii^a, U\^i\
uiSI oljU-'Vlj
open door policy politique de liberie
r-j^ail wQl 4I1C1
i_ — U — II AoLa^VI ij-Ul Ja *j , > .<jji 7-t)Ua^l
,jv ijUJI iJUUll j SljLilj SjUJI ij>- JL»»J ,Jll
*Lai)l i-.l_« j>-l ^^x jl l^ ^J: jjj JjjJI ("7*^
. iJjjJl Oljlio^NI Jp
5jIj>I 'ijb)|l i»-UI j. ^^k^VI lir. J^ij
j^ jlii (jJUUIl ^lj e-^Uai-l ^f" ,J!I JiljijtJjl
. Jl^-ij J^JI
open shop atelier ouvert if~^.\ jlilil
operational definition
definition operationnelle '^J^'P ubycll
JJI oUi^^l ^Ti Jp jlou tjJUl JbjJI
295
OPPOSITION
. l^-ii (>J ^UbOUl .JU Jp JjW) Cowl ^1
^1 OLLJI Jl JU lil Ml V-j^ 1 V"UI (>• **J 'i
v - J, 'Lr!"! J* '-l Jj " CIjLJUjJI «Jl» CJlT »!_,«. !,.',« ,^:,i
JJL-j Jp Ja; j! ^.j^ill ic* ^Jl 1^ s^iyi Cljb-N
oljW jl L-Ji; jl 5j»iyi l,. Ji>.%- jl j£c ijw
. Cuij aJLa ^u aaJ *~*»Ij j jl <wiia^«
operationism operationnisme ^'j*!"*^
CiUIj^-Ij «»Ull jl; j^i fjUil iiJii tj otfl
^ isx^wwail £«U1I jli CUJJj l^^ao-.; j!A«al* C^>JI
^\J JJUj oSf t*-V-?l Ji;^ 1 ls» V^ 1 V"^ 1
operational concept 'J'yr^' fji^' : <J12jj
J »J>«1~j I* JjJ»«i 3j»Ua)l j«^»j; (£•*!! j*J
^ jji oijLiJi v' O. y-» V- 1 ^ j' V^^
w<w»jll jTJ, lit jfcM SykUaJL JJUdl cUjUll ^
. i^ltli Jiilll
operational design Cj«J! li'yr^ 1 i4r-^ l J
. IC-Iji ^ ^-Ul v^j; ^H 5j»UiH ^-LiJ V^LJ'
operational definition i^lj^-NI wVj3 : jfcl
operation research recherche operationnelle
oU»*ii »i<>>u
«-j«jf &*>lj> wLijllj i-Ju!l i_JL.NI »IO»c-.l
itfl Jp SjbNI OpLJ Jll OUUI U-U. tj .l>JI ^
Jl yPJ, U iihUI CtA^ill J».j JuJUl Oljl^ll
operative ouvrier J-fcAsi 1 J*l*
a* Jj^iJ j/UaJI gjyiil ^ C.L.jJ.1 Ji\
oL_raij onni ^ijii-L u r >. j-iii (jv^Uaii juji
. .ij^Sii ^ ji
opinion, group opinion de groupe i»&*!l ^lj
public opinion iliJI ^Ijll : ja>\
opinion, public opinion publique *U!I ^Ijll
public opinion ; Jil
opinion research recherches de
I'opinion publique *U!l ^lj)l ojiy
£li]l JaJl Jp Jj^rJI Jl pUJI J\)\ ^Li LJOf-
ijUaNI^ v-LJI^ ijP^o-Nl ^lyJI, (iWI ^ijll oUU"il
<iji> Cljj (^ »OiO-Jj .^Uill «J tij*t L>-*" J»;>J.I tj
sur-jxlil <L]jLj investigation method .wtL.NI
content anal- jj-^ill $£*$ *£j>j vey method
.ysis method
opportunism opportunisme
ife? 1
il>-UJI ^j0j& jit-*' *; J~ai i- i.l^- ,^"L-* J?**
. ii^i\ lJIjl»Sii Jl >JI jjj
»;ull J_- ^ i.UJi lJIo*NI- LjjlpNi ,^-ij
. iwai^iil
opposition opposition io)uil ti^jULl - \
i.jUL JJL' ,Jll •5j*4' J*-^' i^jUU jl US' . C_£p
. tij'"' 4*U>- jl j>-\ ^yasO jl^il
social opposition i*l^>-NI Cj\A\ Jli j
i^jUllj . £l^allj i_itil t> wii Ljiil ^Irf-NI JpUiU
^jj>JI ^jUJ i^Ua^> J^-«J (_^ll JpUjA-I ,jb i«.L_JI tj
j^UJl jjil) olUoNI Jj^j JjUJj iUJI Jji liiil
. iL-b i-L- j">lpN jl
democracy : ^fcl
SOa^U illiil IjUiiSI jl jkil J JjliJlj J-ai
■J^ll ji i^JI J iiki- If^Jj Jj-JlIj ^wijil J
. u. u,-ir J ji
OPPRESSION
,>»L- Z'U j> } ^\/\ Jf. iLlidl LUiill Oil 1 **, __
^ U* .Ju&lj _^ji ij^b^l ^i contradiction
t>' subalternation J^-U' ti'Uj LU42JI «j»».
ijcJSJt ^ .. Ail l ^ tju^ll <_I»*>t^-l ^ji contrariety
t?i sub-contrariety jLLJi c*j Jyo 4»">Uj
conversion ( _ r &JI : ^kil
oppression oppression J fe u t j^ki'tfl - ^
^il—il iil^lji^U-j lUi i-jlf ikUl i.jlf
. jUVl
jlili j^ - r
J»liJI ^U*l, jUjVlj j-Uall ^UL j_^l
cf. depression : ^1*1
optimism optimisme aJJUJ'
jij 4_^Jll jlijjl jot y, du ji j>- ijt;
. ^* jl j~\ j**~i <^y* J^ 1
meliorism j~>4\ ,\ JU&1.VI ^,'X. j£*>_ }
g (IU- joi. j»ljll jlUll ji j>_j iJjleil Jl5Lil jb-i
. jLw'Vt *)JLj U J-Ai j* If Ijoi 4jJJjW> jlSO.1
optimum population population optimum
O&J) jSfo !bJI
•i* ^ iiU»ai ii»» olj j_,& a» lij rji Ujlij
J^iiVI jl£jl iJ* » y, g^l ^1 j£ auJI
U UU- ijUaVI iliiVI J^- »i»Jlj . 1 loUal
*> J*- ->lc^l jjj ^1 IJU j. ji>JI i_^
c£>~« » ijLu UL»I jjjcII Ijjs je. -»-- '■ tJli i^.
296
oral stage etapeorale £iill it-^il
iU-jll ^-iJI J^^' i-j-A* ^ 4_wo)l iL^-jiL; a.<i5i
ja »j!l jl jlse-l v-^-' **W y J^'j* J kA>^"
J5 v ^jj , *i.}r* iilal* 4A*0jt i^LLI X* .^k j-*a^ Jj'
. iikll «JU j-Lil Jy- «iT JsLiJl
oral tradition traditions orales
i'jiiJI j!JU3I
C-J ^1 i>iJl ol*ULL jUi !> Sale- ^^U^VI
~s«Jil ti ji>- u»UII ji vUJj »<j .<;>^« iJ u
>u-j jutvij u«i»i>i .J, j-j? ^ji ( ^.uvir >
ordeal ordalie *^frl Olici^l ji o«il
^1 ijjjiai oi.i^vij ouruii jj*> ^jb-i
•Ir'V i«_klJ SjUJI ji ijU^-VI (_s:_^aJLi l^i Olicw
i JH-' jje- >-Jj«^'j fV"^' i*j«»- <»j«^j tOU-jtll
iAU^IIj 4-jIjJI oU*j^«il ^ jis (J aaLim j^v ^yj
oljLi^l *lj3rj ,J*- »_>iJ ^j tiUJl *UJl [>>^>- J
. jl»i.VI »Uii tSii <_c_ V .^jjl v.jyL.1 ji oi«llj
order, public ordre public »U!l »lijjl
^JJI JUJIj ^UaVlj ^Ic^Vlj ^uJI ^UVI
iSJail ^yl^iJI *e-J US' ^jOil ^ »^i>Jil jLT -uU »ji
U^k SU.L j^_ pUll ^IkJI JaJUi Jlil JTj t L>
. Ulk.
ordinance ordonnance ^ij" O^il^l - ^
. <juj^j £j> je- j-U* i£-*M OjJlill
jp jo»ai oLVjji ti c v_u-.vi iju* jikj
ur . vjijijjii ji i._^ji i^Uj j, jjl* ^11 ^ijSfi
297
uyljill i iaiJI ^JUJI jp jx* J)l ^lyill J* jiu
municipal ordinances « ixUl
law jjJUJl : Jil
^.a ^ - Y
^ jlf ^JJI., i-oill jl^S/l j- ,_, J^J.1 Lr M\
organic psychosis psychose organique
'^^ati\ JlioJl
jll JLiT ii jJu- oLL»»l jp '^iLJI JiJI ^^
organic nervous ^^JiJI ?«~iill ^JIl W
J 1 *^ 1 J 1 *- j* Is^ 1 ^UalJl _*i disease
organic solidarity solidarity organique
^UJI *^Jll ^U; Ji£;i j^i ^ux 3j-lil ,
J t Cl J* f>. <J^J ^.J»JI ^LJI £-«JLI <; ^
g?!> u^oJI V-*~ J* i^uaiJ.1 JiJlbjII ^ jS JO*
£^>A\ aljil j ^- OjU; ^-Jkoj Ji*. ~Ji; J* ( ^_ ) kj
organicism organicisme
jl jp-i-l Oj&i u JuJ\ \ r J uu Je. i£jj.\ ,L,ip\| ji
ORGANIZATION, FORMAL
organization organisation t V : n - ^
««iJ»_jll 4«*-UI j. ^»-lj «^»- jju J^i; jjl i_LJI
otf->U)l j- %l&, LTj, cijil ^ J ^- ^Jlj
. J&I OLSOl J»-b iijijll
£«&& - Y
^'jpl J?*»*J <-*-*n c^*- 4 j^"
l_
-iJ
. 4j jix* <
organization, administrative
organisation administrative S?j'^' f'Js 1 '^
J>ijlo jjJJI wl^ilj 4j;U»jj -ol-b-^ jSLil *_-Tj3l
J^-tjj ipj-^jll *J»lu»\l Jj&*j oL>-lj »b\ U»
gJ-3 OUaUi^^lj OU-ljll JOJwu" i^jb^l Ji^JI
.Oljbl •»l_»l J IajjJj o-LftjcJiltj J UjjJj OL>-ljJI
i OL)y_II tiJaLJI tOLaUiU^I a-atp /^j
. il».|jjl J«H Ol»}U 4 ou'lfejll Olji«. i Jsl^l
line or- ^IJII ,JaL2\ ^ 3 Qj\ ^jlj^l <Jidlj
military organization J^^liil »4i»3ljganization
pyramidal organization Ir;^*" (4^b
^jlk^Jl _4liI3lj scale organization rj^ 1 r<-^3 1 j
line-and- iljiill «4jiI3lj functional organization
staff organization
organization chart organigramme
4,.0-k.JI HsjJ*}\
. U iUi^ 4J*- J>.y (^jjl ^..li'.Tll J^_il Jvj ~<j
jjkpj '^ylljl J.-l...'JI) t iibiJil ^.j'-s^ 1 ' *>l^il LftJJ
oUxUI^ Ol4>-j)l ^ib« jjj, iitWIj i jb\l OL,y_ll
...tJI ijU^flj iJLiJI
organism organisme
^>ki!l jJl&l
i~**i -^^"iJ c/*yj V - **! ^Jy* *'j»-' j* f^
Jj^.j iikiJI l^'l^ j_dl ^yi cpavai j| Jjr _,
• -M 1 ckr- J* *-Ji^l ^U^l Jp_, jlj^l Jp SjU
organization, formal organisation formelle
'^jil ^1
JsIjaI Ob JiJI j» iJU i^-j- 5 J*- *pUj«-
jj- 5 J^ w'Lj-Ijj jy»- ji US' ojjj^. jijji ^, Q-.
ORGANIZATION, INFORMAL 298
JT tjj ^LLiJjj iijrjil «*ULI ^Ak^l jf- «*laiw.l Oj>r-;J J^'ji Oi- 111 " Ul l» 3 -**". y? 1 <-> i -A»^ i j
jtt .orj OlpUr Cijll ^ j^b ijf-JI oUkil •Njll; jt*j .<* I»J»- jy~ iS^ ^} (^ (>
■*»- J| •js&Ij «_*i*i!l >_, JiJI j. iJU- t-jj J* ^1 lijj Uidl gi J^ J!l JUt ^ jJUc. f t»Nt ji
Ol—jUj i jU^-NI OL*J^ oLiiUlj ^jW ijrj\ ■ i^ 1 '-r !lU - *JW a Jr- J^ i>~. *!*
OUall i-ljJ /^wiS kiUiT ...iJI i^Xxll ;*JL»ilj
*- ' *- organizational revolution
.^Irt-Ni l*giJ «"> *} «-;i ,»Uill ul» «-;i r e VO , ution ^organisation iQSH Jjjill
(jui jk^u uij ^1 ^1 j jwJi jw j 4 ^^ai .jjibjii .ijS/ o^i i.iii ^ .i^i
organization, informal organisation officieuse OiM 1 J* ^ ^j-> j j^-> <> tl -i J » JI £~=r-iJ v" 1 ^ 1
- • 'H "^ °b?-t i -^~J ' i*-*-^' £*IL*» xTtj .jTIJilj jIjjVI J
. U12II oljjidl ,>~ iUi JI .JUu t i*t»-NI SL>J>
i- Out ~jj ,31 <„/«i>.i.ll a*- otfjWI ,1—J , ,
v-Jtr ^-j ,«to Jflj ^ jjtdi >b a i>Sli >li- v ' ^^
ji- (^Irt-MI JiJl ,j~^ii v"j <«■.": l*j-»y j 1 organized labour travailleurs
ouuli, ^un, jjuai, ^i^ji, vpI^vi jsjUIi ^j\ faisant partie du syndicat ^' J^*"
V. «Jj* ^ u&> ^"j" (C^ 1 Ji- > >J5 c? 1 Vj^ 1 j«J j»j olili JI Oj.mj-AI i/i J^Jiil JUJI
te-j . olill iJUJI £LU *,
organization, line organisation hierarchique
line organisation : jliil
orgy orgie S-4ij*!' j-j^ 1
^Jlj »UI j iJlil JUJljj Jj-ill j. jj»J^ Jr^J
organization, social organisation sociale i_jU oL.j>J.l j« jj>^i! ioy V' ^ (X^'j
'^U«r>l ,4pl
social organcation : ja\ orientation orientation 4f j^ 1
organization, staff organisation consultative i> ^ ^^ J ! ^ ^ oUjiJ1 t^
. s^i i^uji ^->ir ^jii ^jiidi ^ c iiVi > j* ^^ cj^v ' cKj *^v u * ii - il ^j" 1
t ta^f ««j <~i >m <iS^J JJ cPJ; lJ->* jW ^JTli-i
organization man I'organisateur ^1 ji-J j j_.^J|j _^l ^ U. ji Js, L. ^i ^
juULlj JU* jU <~i ^jSaj ^i }\ JU*I J»-j ■ < : : , < 1 '* > -
299
Jw*^Wl 4*>-jJ a~Up ^jbj ^y.y *-*:y^ O^j Jij
oL_^JI Jp »_JiJlj jU iJ^ll i-ljoil jL>-l Jl UUIj
. »U t^-y i_«jail ^'Lj-j ji^-ljj J ^JiJJu Ji\
.jjjll SopI — • iJLp ^j L^» Aj^^xil jj£j ai US'
l,j »Jiilj If. JU»J">U 4_i; jI-u-Ij iif« jLsM _Jp
* . \-*0j* L^» LL>J aJ .U^j Lc
jl&lj jU;)L .cli^U jyjl illjjl fJ_p : Jlij
• disorientation
orientation, social orientation sociale
'^Uar^l a£*frl
£~# J a-p^MI SUJI l« Jic; Jil Sj^J.1 ji JaiJI
^>lj_»M!j i_-UM! <WJj 4jl .yj A , : k,T JlSLil
SOIUI Ajs-^juMI jp j* «Jl LS" . UJij Jil i-^Jll
.^jLviaMlj ^L-JI »lkJI i*-i» J jt&jj A*i»Jll l-i» J
<cp (^TjU ^# j _jpL>-MI »U'MI <JJb£ »i ^j
■ JIHj £~* J
original nature nature originale i!ii^l iLkJl
JJ J Lit Ml j JUkUU Jll i jkiil ij«iJI Oli^jil
J i.UII iJUl Jlj^Sflj iiUiilj JUMI JpUJI Ijl, ji
. ijlaiil OLU^/^I Ji-l~
J»l_yJI J^f V' 1 ; ' L V' *rU>^" ^r^ 1 ^j*J
u**j.i ■ J y" ^i ^-^ j&J (J 11 v'y Jj^-'j
jA,yd\ IJL* ^^Ml ^-iJI jJpj £l>MI pi* jJjuiLI
JjJI _^JI Xp y^Z Jll iJljjll OLUflJIj Jjil jl il
J.ij«!i .jj»u j£i J ji J_^l j£i J\ J j/j M
t^Ij <j0y£ a*-a>«JJI oLUfaJl ,*-^>*i .Uu>-j ioLJI
.iJLWIj i_pL>-Mlj i^_JjSLJI <£_j J jyll >_jjL>d Uij
Sjlp »-^>«^-j i^r-J' ix_UI 7-*)Ux^»U (( \j^ i*-Ja!l II
iiidl jSc ^j* ^ j*j jjXlljll jl>SlL jLo Lji
II ^ iJLUIj *>L>MI OLU^-Ml Jp i*L>MI
. JiU U^SlligjI jp jA^; J! I
OUT-GROUP
originality originalite aJu^MI
ji OljJ ^LJl J jlSoMlj £\J£1\ Je- SjJill
oj^LjP 5JjU>- OLwaj a^P jU- ^ ^-^ . mI I jl *^iJI jLi»l
. *^
orphans asylum asile des orphelins; orphelinat
asylums '^S^il : _Jail
ossification, social ossification sociale
social ossification
>l
ostracism ostracisme
^
i jf" Jp »jJI JJj 7t-^l "C^Jj •Jbfi \y**- jr".
jps_ M juJI u ^LWi\l « iiUil 4>L>M Oli^U
il>'l o ^ f_^i ^ji ib: liJJi jvjuj SjjiLI iJjLJI WM
segregation ; _Ji;l
outcastes parias, individus hors caste j_jij.il
Jp XiL OliJail .Ik J ^*>Ux^MI lj* Jlk
ji *iSU» _y JjjUl ji i-J UJ* jl *iSll» M tJJlil J>«ll
. * '-I*'lj lAjJli *»_>>«J iiis
outdoor relief secours a domicile^! ^Ill oopQl
i^>Wi jl i-UJi oIopLIi pJi L^jlS; Jl sopL-II
oL_yw j^ LJIp jjSoj t »AjL\« J («-»v-'^ j' j'ji^U
assistance SopLII : ^JaJl
out-group groupe d'etrangers a!»- jlsJl apL»^JI
4pUj-
ai J
Oj>>i JJJ1I ^l^,^ 1 J^
S^SlI ipLi-l j .UpI l^-J tji in-group J^i\
OUTLAWRY
outlawry mise hors la loiOjiUll iil*r j« Oli^Jl
.1)1 jj jyliJI JUL, j. Jiji\ -U» ii^i .Ij^-I
'r'^-'^'j • iU>JI j*) ijylill jyUJI ja ^'Uj^o
j. .cJiy IjiJU. jiJil aljiS/l iU;l J «~sJil «*^ ^jjl
. i-JljJI ^l^ill leJ>ji; vUlT
ijU OWI Jl ali jlTj L-jjUa, ji tJlij^-^ *-»%"!.>
. jo t£\ <*>-j ^~>%j *ju <^rjj
out-migration emigration i^rjUJl •J*'*"
cf. migration
output rendement
;tfl
Jj-^dj i_*. ix. J">U- sjUl i}y\ j\ 3jH\ t.yu U
^MMlj il>Ml .Jd^l jU'l oMa«
£?S C
til
input and output analysis
outrage outrage j&\ JJJi t ,|ji^| t iii^i
J*- o_)^ s.y*u y *;^ j' »j^"! y -1") i>l»NI
■ *».»*»- j' •Jj*-' j' <-^i=»-i J ^<JI i-,,,/iT i>-jU- S»U
outrage aux bon- jS*i-*>U ^J^ 1 Jlill : Jlij
^U-Ml. il^-Mi 1*i_jjo i\/r j*j nes moeurs
outrage public a la pudeur\Jii!l «^iU)l Jlill Ul
j^*-^ - ' r^' J''-*' J** j^"' l* '_>»«* it j»r Uiil _^i
outwork industrie domestique
£lji\ <->>Jl .djil iPlLJl
300
overconformity surconformite Jlii*il J ijisll
jJUi \ji ^jfill aJlidl y iiJUl .DU i_^aill
^UU) <j i)Ul jfteW jU^-M> LJI* Jjlij
o»-l jU^I J j.l.'.-JJ i.JL„JI iU^-M *>rj Jij
jj ... jji i^_jji sa^i _,! ijijjir i*t>-M jM>\
ijjjl ^ji. aa^jj . i.UI oUljJM y juUll ^ >-T
oUIjJMj juUliI i*t>-^l joUll a»-i jli, SJLjiOl J
Jt^MI j iJiJl jji ^ j,j ^ijll, ikJjll ,5>NI
oUljdl y' oUrlj JU»I Jp ^jk, i*^Ml jM.\ a^Sf
. l^. jsij^jNi y ^j^-i i.u joi<w y'
overcrowding encombrement f^j'S"
y j»j">Ul.I j^ljill !»»«>. je. XJ ^ ilapl i>>-j ^— -1
*>o»- j^ ^li \m y?^\ /j* \*^r jj*-^ *L-il ^j^j ^i ;- ;
. v yui £i>ii
overhead charges frais administratifs
. i-^11 ou Jr ^li y i.ui ou Jr ^li tu^-i
> ^,* J 11
^S" V
Ul
r*
Ul
I.V.) oljiSflj oW^ll Ji. ^ Jy iJJ ijb)fl ^l>JI
jitylj Jj__,y£~i\) ^^rwUjilj ijrjiljllj jj^.ji' »—'V^*J
i^Wl Jj«-k!lj Of '^'j JlljJIj j^.^'j jy 11 >->4jU*ij
...jjl «JL«JI ..AjUflilj ijbNl,
overorganization surorganisation
ikUl y»Ui._, OeljiJl, .^Ml *j-^>. t?J!' A 1 ^'
*i f^ 1
domestic industry
>i
overpopulation surpopulation jlSCjl mfe -<T 1
jlSLli JiJkTj jlSDi JilkTl .^ J^i
301
jl jaj . ijljllj jlSLJI jy. «»">WL, under-population
jl Jlij . jJjx^ i-^_J ^y — 4 JCf- Hat jt-<0 jlj^jdl
Ja jOp «Ua»l jj«u U-Le- jlSLjl J lilkS'l ill>
jlO y>& l _ r &JI J*, i jiU\ Jf bljj:_ ^liil
Ijl Ul .J0«il ailj .Up Ji>w >_j^» UjLI oJA jl sljw
jli» ^ai ji jij iji y^. tit. ^j V jlSLJi »^xa- jlT
.optimum population J-»»VI jl£-Jl j-u- J
overproduction surproduction _\2*^l j iljj^l
i- I . UI I ^Jp fjijR JjJj Ux* SysQill aJU> ^ij"
i_A_ r /»J Jl <£iy_ yuJI J c /ii>- lS'j 'u!** j* - ■*■*
yuJl jji >iUj «j ii IUI ^>IJb*-li ^jJI j^Jli
ijUJI *jy^\ J jl-£]l Olj3 ijJls- (jviUaa^l
. Sysllill »JL» <-ji; J I
overtime heures supplementaires de travail
^jL^i .___, ji i^iiu- x* owi j-^jr ^> .___,
OWNERSHIP
overurbanization sururbanisation
jl> -Jl ij^hj * y ...^ T l i 4^il jxll jl£»» o^Lj
Jj—M j. JyJ J-JUf j»jOp iUijIj j-dl Jl u^iiJ^
. jail »x» j JL*\I_> ijjltjll jop 5jIj j
overwork travail surcharge islkjl jy J»ill
iJxJI J.UII Jl^lj ijJi j* x>_ i^iil J-*!l
»x«j iLijUl LJI olfl: lilta Jl (^jJj If j iJUUilj
. A.JI it^ "^.jj <»-ljil ol^j iUS"
«ki JJ ■ A i J - :;J, lSjSUJ 1 J 1 J"'"- 11 J** 51 tpjjj
J; eJw^Jlj J^^ y— 'J ^Jf i j*^ Xiii i «JI
. UlJ JiJI ^l>^lj
ownership propriete
isOii
ijll . >- *i ^J^paJlj Jill Je- ijia—JI ^
. j_jJli)lj
property : Ja\
pacifism paciflsme ijuil 4 p£j\ t-»!u oljUiJI JjUs l»-j!>ftl j* &■} i-M 1 •->•* -»~"
^^ ^jUllj (OUI ^ ^Ull ^j, Haeckel Jj^j .iy&l ic-Oii jjUll ^Ij j. ic oill
j& J)l oUjlil ^L- ijjjjl OUJLJ.1 ^j-ljl iU/- archaeo " <;/* ^ji>'^ » r ' t>" IIa i> J""- <->'
. i.jlil.1 .o~ oUjLj l;lT jlJJJ! (^ojU-j i^^-Jy palingenesis palingenesie ^JJl tijlill SiSjII
peace ,->Ui : jz\ j* «NjUJ ^-Ak^.^1 iju i jjjljjli » ^j
. 4.^ Ill OljjjJI j
paganism paganisme i^jll
JjVl JjJUlIj j^»«_ll Ailk'jlT (^jll ~.^l
. jU/ill j>uu jjillj CoO^ 1 J*-
. j^JI J ^jll
idolatry jiJJ^i izCf. ■ j&\
Oljjj j jy^>_ <£j~~^ hiS^ < - ) ' c/"^' Jr*iJ
culture cycle ijUBl sJjoilT
palliative measures mesures palliatives
paleogeography paleog6ographie
-- -i. • ".. *• -•' palmistry chiromancie 'uSi\ jii'i
iwJill j>a»!l V'j**!"
j^JI J">U ^Ul, .111 G jy ^ tf JUl (JUI ^ chiromancy : >i
til L_i LT iJ>ji\ «,,!; y iikixll io-J^J-l . . ., .
u ^ <-- J ^ --yyrr pan movements mouvements d union
Ol^lt ii ji SJJUI .Ls-^lj icjill oU-ldl i-ljj 5 ^.jjl olS">
palaeoethnology paleoethnologie • 5 - b_l -> il i 3 ->' 5 - b -'-> ^"^ J 1 !j »-'j *^ U*^' **^r
303
j^>J lp- <^?l>- Ol^^jJ il jl ^>- 'j\S li^>-l jj^Jl
AjjjjNI ajj-jll iS"^ OlT^I »Ju» ili.1 J.j
• ^yi'j V - *-)".* ^iJ^J 'iJ^-J'j *^i^ ! J
panic panique ^Um)I _£JUl
bj?x-^i* JjSvjj OlS'j^ ^bj SU*j ^*-^l ^ 6^Xj|
pansophism pansophisme i»JK»JI Jj*Ji i_J»Ju
plxjl £jy ^_»jt. it.U-^11 l-SA,!-; OjJI (J i »-U
JXsJt »jLl Jt i__; iULill AijoLl jl> LJl o_sjUilj
pantheism pantheisme
oOj-u Jjij Xil J y^l Jjl J i fcill l-U j$!i
rj*j£ ^j iUJIj J»Jlj ^j" '-^J y *"' Jj^i j' — ^
_*»«JI l-Laj JwJlj Jjsrj)' ajj-j y. lull jj£; ji — Y
materialistic *yr% <>.^ SJb-jll tj4 -;
. pantheism
i 1,-I.L 4-?- ^j SjUJ Jl »^J JT i nil I li» Jjjj
. U~«^ objlSJl oUJ t^j
paradigm paradigme ^«J&«3l J^ 1
. jyiJULi Loyij U- Jif-L— i If U f_^_^*
PARAMETRIC STATISTICS
paradise paradis iitll
J_«; <>jLfi!l r IjjNI ^vv jUj ^i JJJw
SjU-JIj »,:.»,:" jl t -«JI jb ^1 iJL.1 J ~i" tl_»- OjLl
iJLl ji Jiiu j i LJJLil J UJI lAUil J- li lljsr iiUall
. jLJNI iS^LJ *>-j* _,<>■ aijJ.1 IJL» o~j
parallelism parallelisme JjlJ^il >__a.U
^via^^i j^_ ur . iiiuti jiujiui ji jji>Ji iiu-
. iil>J.I jklil j j*J1 OUUf" I ^^i j
psycho-physical ji«!lj ^±\ jjlj: :Jl*_j
ij5 ^_i-! jjljji ^_^ U il'i-iU parallelism
jfwJ^- U
LJI i
iUa! o^ iLl O'ojkJI
■; j»j
yaljlk!' j,p 5U; — • by>-j <L- ill y^ljlil! jl /* ^»j
^LiJ
;i« I.
?UJ JS3 jl •&
<)«■ iU» iJLjs j_»,x; jl jjj
- 1 ' jl*^ 1 J s-*
. j\l»UJl jju
parametric statistics statistiques
parametriques JUll oli jl iij^ljQl oltLisi-|!/l
^ — i*L*l y LJl •, ^ -,'■»'" ^Jl OlftL^a^-i/l r ip b,- 3 y/Ttfll
*J>y oULJI JjSi jl »j1^-j ^jjjl jLa»-MI JJi^ 1
Js+Ju) -j>w pwj jlS^-JI *j Jaj v a.lq. " ..-»« LJbOl
-i v-i!l JlSLil ji i-
jleL^i>. > i|l OiU-
Uxp Ui .^y-l oMU- ^Ijjl Jl kUJi ^jjJ; jl jjj_)
«N_Ja jii J5"\ jl jl^_JJ Jcs-y^- y, oL-*!l i>-JJ
^^a, j ji variance ^Gl w ^- ; Jj>^. JlSLJi
°J_»v» o >— '
L'UI
Li «
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. ranks^Jj ~°jy*> J
. iU. jj^j ^)l jl i^ljUl ji-
PARANOIA
j- JjSii £ji\ oii jiui i^i »u^,i ^ iii_,
. JfcJI £jjl ^ jji oUL U»i oUU^/l
paranoia paranoia iP'J^ 1 OIajJI
. ^1 Olll .IJAI i_^J\ ^\/\ j. j.y jUi
V*j 5-*— V* olilipl J* JN-u-.! J* -ui ^ SU-ULI_,
. • ,J i
amorous ^^Jl jUJT jUJJI ^ j-l^l ill*,
jl»j> exalted paranoia OUJ juoj paranoia
persecution j^ki^ijUij jealousy paranoia i'Jji\
.religious paranoia ^.dl jl»i, paranoia
parapsychology parapsychologie
6 J\ i*Ui-l oL-jUlj
i^l Ol_U-l J
■ C 'j/*
ana. metapsychics
parasitism, social parasitisme social
social parasitism : Jai\
parenthood paternite ^Jj"
oilJall i_jJI_JI Jlij .Sliki *_-=fl ^JJI ijill iJls-
S/Ui.1 ^jii ^iii ^1 ^i physical parenthood
l? 1 social parenthood £*lls»-^l ioJl_,!lj <>-jj >
£->-) J* p^' Ji-* 11 *>\>j JUI»i jc->. ^-ill —-S/l
•>'
*>- *^ planned parenthood Jl_3l ,'Xr'j
304
pardon grace j&l
*«lji iljjJI t _ r J J t£\c_ jp. jU-l j_yUII j
^u) absolute pardon uIL. jjS^ Ji ji«llj
j. !«•_£- _p»fj partial pardon ^Jji.1 jjwNj
parental relations relations paternelles
^jjil Jry ii jUI Lii j— .is JJI UfUll OlijUl ^j^
«£^Jj Jilall o^" j£*C } .lii^/l jjf, i^Ulj i>-jjllj
^UJl .>_J J)l 4»^UI d JL» ^ £itil JTUil j.
j. jr ^u. ^ ^uii jutJ»Nij v«iij i**^ 1 J!
. •b'yij .l^i
^jJ! JP lU J)l SUJI j. ^ JI Jilall £Ju Jij
Step- ^-jI i»-jj jl ^1 ^jj S^^l J>.jo jl LJj j^Jall
foster-parents ilx s^-l j JiLJI ^^i-* jl parent
■^^iJ *-j3I j JU^^J Jilall 5L»- ^yw" Ji «!-»-
. jLiJ»NI »J*_, ^jlj^-NL jj»iJI
parliamentarism parlementarisme jLJI *lkJl
^jIjJI wT J)l 4-w^pJdl iLAI y. t^UI ^-Uil
4-J» <— ;L-j i-j>u.lt t-b ikLJI Ij^jl^J i_«< Syb „~-
i J-iJI OlkUl jju J^»ill Iju. Jf- jUI uJUJkl fji j
J_,«i;j . *«UI ijvlji — < »ljjj!l jj^i '— r~ ^"iv—^'j
. Lj*. 0^>-NI iiU- J L^ «JI ^^, } ii/^JI
*'jjj" j'—*"' JiJ» a* "I* V^^' <*j5oJI fj*j
. ija^ji ijp'yi ojS^. ^Jii
305
bicameralism U-_>Sji jj& ji 'jCJ^ll .ikilj
jj&, ai _,! £jjjj ^|_, ^i^ij LJ'a^i t ^_u ^ ^i
XlaLJI jjT^ unicameralism j*-lj ^-^i j»
parole parole ,fe,jiil r'J»?1
. ^>JI £^11 j SUJI £ *i_£ JJjUl i-iljit oUaL. e
gs-ki £^JI jlT Jil Soil J^U SjIp 01^)11 LU Zj
. ^>*JL (J^^mJI y ./aC jb
parsimony, law of loi de parcimonie
Ji, iWi yj l^i; ji ^L* j,^ ^jl il^U
jji!l j William of Occam J->Sll J Ull li» s-U
jj-iJI L^L" -*j-1«j ^Jp ^_jrj J* o*' 1 .} y~ p /"i'j"
tjjil JIT aiJj .iVUI <JI _^a; Lf JS"\ AAy. j\
y.iy-lj oUl&l j, sxaJI tjlyjl 3lj| Ull U» ^
j^idl j. Sxa* o,J Jl> c~Tl> j!l ...jJl JUIIj
J>.J .i^JI ^^ j C**Jj ^11 JLJU1I Aj^JJ Jjjkil
Oljwi" SJlP LjjJ CJ1T Ijl <,\ Ja_J iiL U1I U»
j-U jli tijLi. irjjb «,Sk,. l^Jj Jlijll J.L;
. *1>LJI yi j_^j jl i^_ ^ jU>-Vl
partiality partialite
j^ll
prejudice : J^\
participant observation
observation par participation iS'jUili iki-^il
«*»- I,. -Uai. C_>J rUkLi ^5 iS'jLiil iij»-^U
U»
ji-iJI ^Ul SL^ J ^Ul iJljill <]i-}Uil j. £jjl
V. ^>yyt ^ -tL^il <*-jl J «^»L_j t m^-^c. f y\
J* £j\\ U» f^-jj .<Ji»-}Uil ijj ^j iaj< ojlil
PARTICULARISM
jlJL. j a'jUil iliOUJ ej^Ui »Ji^»l Oij
. jjdlj ^jSI i-ljj jj i-c^^l Lsr^ljijjiMI
participation participation 4S"jlill
aaJzi JpUJ^I iJ»»j< ^5 ClUilj CUp jjill JpU;
»j iTjUJ.1 o_pj Jij
*t?—j ^ j' formal
mystic partici- i!iijl iS'jlill Jlij . informal
.LiSflj JloJI jU)ll Ok f_>* t^ 11 ^^i pation
. iu>. i«_U li jl Jj>j ^1 i^l -jjp
management partici- sJlSVl j jTjllil Jlij
J,jX*j J^jJI k.j-Uj ^j-t> llljlil i^i pation
. fjyiil ijlil J JUJI
particularism particularisme £ r a rr ajc\\ - \
jjJ_j i_„ « ujl Olii j* ii JT »I_J L,. ' -'"■
H\J~f Jar.y' jj~aii\ J «^>Jil jlT J_ij . ^\>-
viiJi Ji .^iUiVI J»JI J i#UJI jvUil jJaJ
Ml U Cr ^ i M_, ^Ui jjj XpUa- JS2I jlT j «iKll
. U i^M^JLI .JiSlbjll »bL
ajij^)Ii - r
OyM *-Jjs- jl fy^y", itjJI Jl OS" *JlI wjl^ajl
. 4^* ii'lW jl 4mJUhC jl
4'^" - v
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i^-v - 1
Jl Ujjp jl S-U.ll ijP^^I y.l_jli!l jj Jl ie-y
PARTNERSHIP
partnership 1 - participation iTjUil - ^
participation : £,\
2-societe en nom collectif jjUaJl iS"-i - Y
{Js~* °J ]i ls Jut J A" 1 J 1 u**>^ Ca J 1 * 1
-jj U
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partnership, limited societe en commandite
> jjJJI 0>-Uai .ITjiJI : .ITpiJI j. {j*j ~z
Party parti ^Ul ^>JI
oU.Lf'1 J J/i- iJi> ^U»- jp 5jU >^j;JI
Oij^" '■r'M m*j> . ^L-JI iUJl; iUiu ia^-lj
• °^J Jr* J* *iaJL— I' i-jLf
aj4»J iiUilj iaU.1 J*, j^ij l l_^ multipartism
f lk j!sUI ^ J Jerj, LT .l^cUl u_£ ^Jl i^LJl
Sr.i f^ 1 l^J»-i J* ■i~- bipartism ^'j^JI
. i^.^S/l Sa»dl ol/^jl J jlill _,» UT i^jUll Jldl
one-party
i/l ^'j*-' i«l»L; £->— ; "^
j»-ljil ^j»JI ^ o^, til) JT
system
. vUUil iUil Jji ^ r lk!l lj*
<j^ _>*J Pafty platform '^>JI jv^ 1 Jlij
passion passion jUifyl
Jjil J* <NjUJ oNI JiiUI J^x-, U l^r, . c> illj
306
passivity passivite £JLi\
. <sj>-\ 4pU>- jl jy ijljl j\ ij^-jUJI
passive resistance ilLii ojULI : Jlij
. ^IjSlI APltl ^ J* y^jO!
postoralism pastoralisme J*)\
OUI_j;»Jt ,_/»»; <J^-jJ *^> 4*lj» (^jLaal »UiJ
J^a>JI J jU ;]^l X»Ju »UiJI IJA Jj .( i*il O^T^y
^L-Ij JiJI Jl JuSlI >ui ijylill >L1I Jj
ls/xi\ j.')\ \* j,'J\ ^hi« Jl£ii ilUj
«_-Uai Ojyll ^j"j nomadic pastoralism
transhumance and estivation oUlj^l oI>cj
unspecialized herd- a*-I_jj!I ». ^ ^.^-11 ^ ^Jlj
semi- ^)X *«i ULp-I ^^-jj in 9 and farming
. nomadism
patent brevet tl^"^ **'-^
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paternalism paternalisme 4jj>^I *i^S" V*^ 4
iJ^UI Ij* JlSlii oJafj «Jij _pj >^NI iJjL. -ui U
307
PAUPERISM
. SOSUI
jtri ijUiiNi (y-ijJi 'ui* i^Sii i>jii jjUij
ilpjll i_>jUI J Jpljjllj ie-L^il J Uo»«j .Ujvc- j»
Jl JUaJI Jaiu t *iU^_p«; J.JI ^j-U, ^j ^jji
V-LJI jy-ljJl; i>jll J. £jjl Ij* OjU. dUJT
pathology, social pathologie sociale
social pathology : J&\
patriarchal society societe patriarcale
J? i — kUl^ 5^^-J' J"^. ^^ iS^" S?"^' x*-^'
il — i*Nlj . i-jljil UL^I j\ aJUil ^ ^jj
jT^. ^Ucl;_j androcracy L*|,j-lj Ljjli J^ll J_^
patrilineal v ^i jNjSIi >_..-.-.•., f Ikll IJU, lib, 51^11
J-^uj patrilocal r-jj" o^~* -^Ji *-~?~ *^->->" «*J
. patronymy ^1 _,l j^jNI
i*Jli!l iiljil je patriotism ilijll J^Ujj
. »U!I rJlvJL jWjl 1 ft* 1 V: ■J'-^dJ civism
patrimony patrimoine
UUl ioiJl
J_»i>- ^y <ulfc Uj ^yai^ilj U f-_j^# jjil—ill J
o&.j -v^ 1 ji ^ij-Lii >T ji t _^i ^ jij ji
patriotism patriotisme jtjll Li- t£kj!l
tJJJ; cjiJI JljJI je- SjU Uy»Ui. 4»lT J iJsjil
.jJUlj j^U p-jJN, Jlj ^Os-yj iljiSlI ^LU" JI
iliidl oljij Jo ijijJl jj*-i!l OjSoj .<up f-UoJIj
#Ullj S^UI iJL .j«* Jjl <j jjill iLjl J.J J/tfl
-Ul_J U jji jj^cll J* xi_j "i/ jj ^tjii ^jj jj^- -ji
patronage patronage Sjiul i4j&jJI - \
. ji/^i ,y>^ l^ji j!l itJl (,. jj.^jll
f-r ii" k-fih^ V"-^- 1 J*" i—JjiJI iU&l Jjjj
favoritisme politique i«<_>~«ll — Y
j^l £ jyj j>JI j^ij jS"IjJlIj will jU
,>ll i.UTj ijlj^ ^Ul J^ ^ ^^Sll oljU>Nlj
Jij- ^Jj dlJij i^j^JI O^Lj^ll ^U Jc J,
i_jjliNl SIjUwi jp patronage oj_*J>l !jJLiij
ot>Lall ,j.UI J* k_w»Lil ^ ^ JI nepotism
. Sjloi-I jl i-j»JI oUiiJI ^ui J^ ^j ^.j-^ 1
pattern type J&3
t IfUi j^»JI j^j: «lj»-N J^T J^«j &>~?J >£-j — \
JSj t5o>. Jt Uj-f' j^j:_ .ljj-1 ^ «^c JaJI 01 t?l
JlSLl ju-jJ iJLJ patterning ,Ja_Jl : : JU/j
. liU.1 jjt jl iiU.1 iiliiil (,3 iJ^id
J 1 fK^ 1 J 1 lT^' (j^>i r.j-^^ t/r-^J^' j^')' 1 _ T
social ^*lli-l iilT : Jlij .jua»jl jl jUjNI
iJl-ip oL^ji"^' Jjl^T jjSidl iJ_^JI JxJ pattern
pauperism pauvrete, pauperisme jJull
p — til iJlpj J*, j/jjli jvc- JJ.UI j. ii ii*9 iilill
Jill jiSlI o»Jl Jl J_^j!l Jp j^ y 3^>y\ ,>
till »i* illpl kUJj J»tj . i^rjl>- iapl ■ OjJLi *Jp
ii-«ll iSy-1 ji\ o»- ajjwj JUIjj »~»JlI J* l-i>
i_ii«j 01 «J J»o o>JI lj» jp »ly— • Ji j» ^~*y
. i.WI SjpUII Jp J_^sa>Ji
PAY
JUaij pauperisation « _,Lj»^l » : Jli_>
JUUil UJilL j^o ^iil ^.j-dl >i!l jjjTI^^I «,
. Jdl ^ij ^\; } OUdl fj ^^ ^le-ijjl (.Itull j
pay salaire L^i
wage yJ^l : ^k;!
oeace paix »^jl
.>" J)l ilWI i^LJl «^U| j- jJL-JU JL-ai
iyri ^ */r ^r-J J^ 1 J-"j • W — 'j^'
peaceful co- ^JUI .jijUdl ^ UU~i o».j
*frj ^^ o^/UJI Jiw ^ j^^j ^iil existence
peaceful cooperation ^JUI ujUJU t^j .la*.
iTjw Jsl.L»l J-i-J ilUi Oljjftf O^^i <■?■*"
. aijuii j- ^ui Jp ou^wi t^j
t> UI ill*- i r Jd\ «^L!l j, WJU jL^ij
peasant paysan
.*ill
>> gU ^Jll yPljjH j.Uil ^.ijH jAl J*
c ^AWb/l jlk j&, cJ^ljSI JUp j. ji l^-i _,!
« Jj^'jj Jl~* » »X*» Jj-Ij3I JUp ji »lj»-^l Ul Jait
allah ijJU^I Ull J <j£jl /"ij j_^-^i "tf
. i^U- ^ ^!jU Jp JWjUJ
peasant agriculture agriculture paysanne
ii-Vil iljjll
v-*>yi ^.ijjii jix, iiuii oislji i^u- oj jUi
. (lUJl Ol«^ j. j£ J
308
peasant society societe paysanne
i£j>ill *»sr«ll
peasantry ^j^ill j, jj£j ^ ill j» lSj^' ^=^ 1
S^illl Oli^UI Jj J^_J US' ^t»-NI Jlj>JI cJut-ij
pedagogics pedagogie j^^l Jc
^Oiu_; J>\ JJUjIIj jaULIj UUIj ijSCillj iJ-V 1
. i_»IJL»"i/l »Jl» J-5?d
pederasty pederastie »y]i
J/jl> '^- ejJUJi ^A^ l/*^ - ' iJ^ C-^** lS - **^" ■ i J fc ^'
pedology pedologie LrjijaJl
jl jUpL j»*j_jkrj JliWNl SLs- ^"j-4 i^ jl 1 iJUJl
. jL&l u
pedophilia pedophilie jU^il s <~^«Jl JUtf^l
. ^U^lj jjTiJI Cjv-Jory. Jij jU^ll ^JLI JUaJ^I
penal institutions institutions penales
i-~>-ji-J ^Jj\ (.jw-iil J . ' . /a" SjXA; olinJl [ «JajJI J^
J5J <li: — « OL«-J^ ^ryS .ijUnJI OL«-Jll ^a^
i^ilju ol -j< ill>j .*! Jlj JU-j!lj Olo»-^l j«
^1_>- ja Ol — .Jll f^" US' .ilyjlj ^}\j Aj>r^\
309 PERFECTIONISM
iz-yj* *~i iSj>-\) iiU* ol™ -y J>-_jX» ti— Ij^Jl 5-Li J i^^Jl; ^tll ^ ^_^JI l-i» J j'jiNI r~^i)
. i*-y** Ol .yj . «JI »l£^;MI »-lP _)l »\ c _aj*i/l
^>_ jj .^pUli j^ji ji j_^_ii jiw ^ ifjijii i^r u* jp-, \£ ^ ^ijii u^ ( JUo i*l^.>
iil>l O^J, OH-J' £j^ 0- J— J ^ M>' "^ • '^ 5jli - f ^
4i! ( ^jiC *!Ua*lj tj j. >'..<»ll ^jw *JjUx1I OlJLf*JI jj'j>
5JUJI 4*_i)l Jy ioLj- JjiU* iJl> jjSvJ jl iwjf_
jj «_,>«, ^ill Jp ^ ^jjl J^LJI .l>l tUpiyi o|a ^ yuJ1 .^ ^ j _^ J| o|a ^
*•!_«• jjSj l_c'lj iillls j\ ijii ^a^d N iJUsj- jj5j
. >JI Ojj jUiNlT .JJi^l il/_, J^i, i-it ^ -»' 5 ^. CT^ 1 ^ «■>* ^' '^ ^ ^-^
penalty peine £)adl
people peuple i_JuJl
punishment : Jil
, ..?JI i«-L~JI o. i.i»H j\
penitence penitence ^\ ,^\ oli _m ^ ,^ ^ ^ ^j^ ^ Ji)
V-UI j- i>!l l^ijSI JJI .U^SlI ji ^Ull j_^l J* ^ Wl ^"^ '(**>■» u^ 1 -* J 1 - 11 j* >-&&
. c ^ji j ip;ij i^i j, ^uiij o-j;i y uwi ■ ^' oU ^ il '^' <* r*^ J t - J, ^ Si "
perception perception sT^' ^'^)"
penitentiary penitencier jUIIll
ju,, i>)i 5a> v j^ai ^ tf .Hi ^^ji ^ uiji oU ^ ji _^ j( „ u ^ _ a| oUi _^ i
• - *- . ( ^s=JI_> J~iJlj jToJI Ji» *aU»JlI
penology penologie oU«il Jp social perception ^slli-Nl ilijiNl Jlij
- ,.„ ...... , v, , ; i*t»-Ni *'Ujli ji oU^Uij oliuJlj .LiSli jtr-J
4^UJI Ofciyi <U-IjJj ^j f'j^"^ 1 (»^ t?J J*- 1 ' ^
»• jii Jll iiUi.il oUiJl iUUll f-\y\j ol_^iJI Jiij perfectionism perfectionnisme
. ijULl i-UJI liiJ»o- j. Ju^-; JII i_U!l J^ 1 J] gjji" V*^ 'iJuSl
r^l>MI ^j oliJl OLUI -JiJj *L ^jJj IS £jk j y-a^ jy>- t/"' J 1 cSy. J"^ 1 ^-»-^
l ilyjl Oj.^J.1 ^->U JJUjj V^MI iJljllj J» Jr ili jl J^SlI Jlftl -uL bVi JlSJl lo» jo^j c JlSOl
. ^-iJI ^5UI J,> ^ ^l^ ^j Jj-.jil y> ijri jS"Sll .U. jSOj iiL.lS3l Uwiill
pension funds caisse des pensions , , v ; ..... , :.
j, ipU^- Ljii; tSjL^MI j*Uil f^ljll iS-^l j" if Ji^ self-realization « ol ill JJ&^ » *-l
. i\ij\j j>oJlj ^.y^iil JuJ> pjp ^idJ il>Sll . i-r-*-^ 1 '-i*
PERFORMANCE
(J^»>u" if j>- Jl <.«. ; !« izSj£j> 4^-j* t /"j'-*' -^^*J
djc V' .b- Jl LUJI ^11 4 i* xTt J t5 if 40UII
jji tUsjNIj ~' ^ tU fry ^y (jU l -r-*-^ : . I-**-*"
5ju- v»i j. j^jmi Jl JJ" Ji l^i j*. JJ (£«~i<>)l
<_Jb.il* ~.l »Ji*_jj ijSoT Jj- ^jl Jl ijlll jLJNI
«l* idealistic perfectionism Jlull JlXJl
■ _>jjJ' r^-' '■*• "-*»>■ 0* -^*^
jiJli oiiJi jj>j jUaJl jjc ^1 <_>>!i Jj
ilUfi J;*; J»- Jl ^jU Jj^c jU;NI OljJi Jl jjjlaj
^jJl .J4S-I ji iJl ^ ouSoll Jp »t»Ml >_..^,
naturalistic ^r^l Jl^J* i__»x> a Jail ^.j
^jl_JI ^-UJ Iji .Uil «Ua)l j«. perfectionism
. Oljjl ^j>£ i^,_,j* jUaJ J»-lj
performance execution jliu^l t *la*Sl
j. ii-t^l »ul .Ull y, ijb^/l i^UI j. .bS/l
J^Uil j* ojbl ^jjill Jj»JJ Uij oU>-ljj >liLly....»
. <_>jjli L_0i
»bMI J-Uj Ji^U jp JJjJ.1 I -la. iiyw ,jS0:_j
cjyij J^jJI i^" i^ijj ^1 performance analysis
. L»^o ibU- ii^U- *UJlj tijcj-j i^JJI
*bl ol
;U»-I *J t Sjjt <_j_>_jll
Vy
jl£.Mj
yjli Jp Jiii J jl^ju ji performance tests
j* oUL. JtJj^a^JI ^performance ratings .bNI
« LjJ J^Wi »IjI <«<£> (H*j J^*°" J* J *-i— ' j' V - *
performance rate taux de rendement
.bSl- J-Ia.
u* ipj^f jl -b-lj ij Uj»w Jll J»«ll ij^f
jl J-il ^_Ui jjjjUi c^«; ,>, j.j J^^ jljiS/i
. J-Ji j. i_~ i^ jUiN ,pi\ j.jli jijLi.
permeability permeabilite jLiJi
310
• j^ill I JL» .£«_■! Jij *J^>- <— >j_ z jl ^_>U*!I ^axJ lf-
*.\. j * i."..i..J 4.W..WII »l.^,.SJl bJtHI (J ^-^l ^U>«^w (^>-U'
. £t>rMI (J«- ^_>>y J
yLu J.^a" 41^4 ^jmL>cj l^oi) Ja^>«J 4pL«>- /J^*
^>-Ij>»S' LJU- *yu J_)-bJI oJL»j t^j^-NI Olpl^i-I <Jyj
j, i_r>Ji oi^LJij _aij ji&S/i jiU, ^ m
1 Jjw JUaJ Jj i_»« 4_i_^a< Ml ^>j>-MI OU-LJLI
oL»Lo ^J"^ji-\j j>-l_pJI ^ jl iJI i>-jj Ofci-)
. !«*, ypUdl ^>-MI 4>ULIj 4>ULI -^ ^i!l JUil
4jI jl Jvf-L»>- ^ i»JU!l _^-l_j>JI C^^jf blj
^m ">l» iLiJI ^» aLma 4>-jJj JU»LI jl»L* ^» ,jcaW. 4
«JL» ^^c a» Jj t^*U^*l j ^»Lj«il iJj»«J ijjj^\ IJL»
iJ^axJIj J»t5W',1I (^-i»-l j~0t£- ^a*^ r-lj-ll is-jjjl
iiLi»JI ojjo jOJj .^-^jjlj 7-lc-Jl Oji jsf-WI jv«-
»_ji JjaJI ^/"j .Olilill jUil iULp (^ rj~0y.
^jaJJI aJjb oUUj »UI o^vJI>jI oLamII *ju 4*~jl Oiyl
. ^^ Jl JUiMI Olj^ bl
culture diffusion JUiil jliiMl jlUI
persecution persecution al^k^Ml
Ut l4}i»JL JJI iJjJI ji iadl ji i>-il jl^S/l
^ojI jla^lj jljiS/l k-iJU^" Ji^Ml; jl>S/l
Jl al^li.^^1 jjlail *>■_£ ji } .«Ujj jl 4_-U- ^<L_»M
lyLp c ,.. : d' , , :l l 1^- j_j^lj -j* JjU«j jiiil 4jl>- J_j>-j
jl 4^.ail oUiMI Clip ytj <-IJi)l J^S Jl Of*=v^
. 4j ,.^'.i>'I
delusion of persecu- jLsW>MI »Ioa :Jlij
j^ill y^Ui js^y la/u' jp SjLp yj tion
. HXj> Jj^li 4j (jjajjjil jljjMl jl J&KJ >-■■>• 4jjljfj
person personne ^^akiil
J»«JI_j J^^toJI ^L_xTM UJU» jlT j» jjiliJI J
ijylill 4_<ai«^JI c_i' 4io>JI wlyill j} tOL»-l_«Hj
^iajjl \~Jj^2j l^jlfljlj jcg^J 4,iHi. Ull 4.. lf ?-><jdl frX ^J^
311
PERSONALITY
person, artificial personne morale
jak^iij jl^ni jit ^jjui^yi c ^k^Ni
j. 4 L>- <o -Uai j corporate body y> «;UJI
IA tjvjSvU iljiNI ij^fljti JP iLi_» ijjili i-*xi>-i;
^ai^JLUj OL*^i-lj Ot — »lllj OlS -ZJlS l^JULL. jl
^li^l j. ^i i.JL ikic" N i^U iJU i.i i^jU^Nl
personal identity identite personnelle
personal interview entrevue personnelle
' aklJl iL'Ul!
OUUl J* Jj^JI J l*.j_i j^MI iU.j]> ^»
: iJNI W VJ A^'j ^-^ ^J"^ 1
4jj-**l *^jij jj JLjj»«-1I JpL»j jl /?■?" 1 1 *Ja : .... ' — ^
jj^j jl i»^ij t»Ua>-NI Jii 4»0j 1,-U- iW-^'j
jUUI
^ JlX^M-l jl 7-Uiil Jp UpL»j Lf t *J>
^J_j>«-ll jlS" lil U iJU- J iij)J> ii^JaJI oJL» — V
. ibSOlj s»lyi!l J«£
personal unemployment chomage personnel
4-akiil jllkJI
»J* _jl «j'_)l$. jOXS' «j"li J.U1I Jl illkJI 0-i* M^'
ojLI iJlkJI : >l
hard core unemployment
personalization of power personnalisation
du pouvoir Jy»» ^jOfJi ^ VeLi\ X^
4^u 5"U- J ilal—JI j**£»J.I Lj mX Jl ay&UaJl
iJUfl>vxJI
personalism personnalisme
i »-c
(i» • u**^
ur
ur*
4jU<a>w
i!i jT;
^1 jTjLI v^U. y ^,-iJjl jij 4,y»i«ilJ «1W
. Jj^JI J
Nj . u a^Ji\ Jl ji jUNl Jl JiZ iJUi^lj
.SJLf-L^ iiji Olji 4JIT >i»i>Jil Jl jliJ jjji ij^ill Ul
^ w hA>«-^l 1-iA ^ Jj i ^«J>J.I y>xj ^1 tr-jUJl y«j
. Wilis' i»-jUJI ij^Jlj ijUlaJI ij^Jlj. £i*i 0'
o^Svi ",p ^-ojU Jl l-lfc oj**~j£ J *S^J^ -^ — 1J
»^i Jl u *^i\ J_^: ^1 alienation ^l^^l
ili Jl J.U1I jl
.iL^ jj^j jl ^» iJLf-iji LL- jil ij^li iOJJj
iL, ik^i ijuNi oli^i ^^- j_£r t^ Nl
personality personnalite i-^ivSJl
Djj- je- d-jS ') i^iil ij* jV^j' ^11 iS\jzy\) \j. } £\)
^y\\ y\j6\ »d ^UU jJJ LTj iL VjJ ilySlI j.
. i^l^-^l SL»JI 4,,^t5t ^JJI
PERSONALIZING PROCESS
Jx LT . JWI to.|^._, o ,*i^JI ^U, J«. Jx ^
. VWj ^-^ 5ja -J J*-
ji <oi jlkL. «J ^jjl ji jjidl j^iil Je- Jlij
integrated personality ^iSlLl Cakiilj ^ai^i
. iijLJJ »U!I ^ji—ScJI JJUJ J* SjjliSI i_^i>JI ^j
JiLiw JjSo ki-wu i _L»jJI J alf'NI SX^j, >°'J
iKH iii^l, Lj^p j. ;,u.-. L-jJ oLl^x-NI
. J>1J
« — r^l obxJ.1 j. Sx^Lil 4^il' : JUj
role personality
genetic personality
j"j«!l <_; »_^ ^JJI jjOJI
status per- j!*lli-^l il£ll ^ s!uilil 4-akillj
dissociated <. <ia' . l l il^kjlj sonality
■-?***-** J/*- Jl>- j* SjU ^j personality
personalizing process procede de
personnalisation 4«*ii)1 iuiJb Jiiil «^> aX*
^1 JUpSIL r t*Ml J.I J.WI j_. ,nix i_^OLl - \
• \-r~. V J 11 oLLJI jli j, JJiillj l»jbi ^_
. impersonalisation <JLm')\ ZLjJl
personnel administration
direction du personnel
jljfrl Sjlil
i*UJI JL*S(L oUdl ^j^I ^j ,^c j}\ jjii^i
'- ,I ^> I J o^^ 1 J>f»- vrjlj <L.W! ^ill JaJ^
o_^aiil iU&l J*JI ^jL" o^ U,-; J—Jlj LJp
. f til Ujllj
personnel audit contrdle du personnel
*ii» U ^x. J* J^l JI jj,. ^jji f UiJi
312
4P_wi_JJ w UjJI |JaJ iUS' ^Xij | _L»jJI Oli^ iSy—'J
. i»J*>U.I r-'iUI fl_jilj ^aJu «_j>-j ^ l^i Uj
personnel services services sociaux
aux employes jlajjuLLb AiUJI oU'xvJl
ay, J») y^>\ n^i*^ "^ ^Xix^-i U*)' i »-U»
v — JjX\M ^*l^j OLiUil *UaJj i^lail iU- Jl OUxWJI oX*
ijl* j^XiC—LI iJjUiJ ...jjl i..,..U:JI *y\ji\} iXdlj
. CjUX^JI »X» Ji_^* J
persuasion persuasion fd^l
Ji <U^ u ^i > ^^" Jil 5>U!I y ^ijll
■^'y^ 1 a" -^ ^^*j -u«* J->*; f^i j 1 SjSUll »x»
^U^lj i-.. : W lj ,_^jXM iH)j ^j f-Ui^ll i»^j: jj^^
-e
j^'j ^'j 31 >yri ^li»Mi J iwLI ^^—Sll ^j
J^ inijU ^Ju3l £?~iy «• «; jy_^« ^r^*"-* j*' J-^"*
■ x ^ 1
inducement : *lJs-MI : J&)
perversion perversion
L»I>J^I
Ull j> *\y.
5--UNI J^ilj jSljiJI J ^l_^)l jf J.1^1
sexual perversions iLU-l oUlj>JNI : ^1
debauchery jjiLiilj jljll
pessimism pessimisme
fi'
ail i
jjyjl ^«* jl ^j, i^jjl jJLiil k.jkill ji oU'NI
ji iiUNloljL^Nl CJIT Qj . ^x 1 ^ U J*
. Ou\ iw'lj j^a; jLJ^II ,^T jl» iHi jjj 3jx>v
Vrjij^wJI i^UI j. .JUdl _p»; »U"NI ^-ij
313
Jf j — ii_ US' i;»-jjj__i Jlj»-I jl \_jUaf- i^jj <Ul
£-jJlj jl£jl Silj Jl ^-^ *l ijLaaMl i^UI
. l*k}\ UjJI ^j JMl f IkJI J
•Jii J) £-j> -ol iiaJI ia-UI ^ ^_i I^Jj
. JlcMI
petition petition t r JLIl i^UJMl
l^ fj*J V p-^ JJ Ujiij C-ilJ i-c-j £-a Jl ;.U-.
j& M j£]_, Judl r %J ijjjlill ikLJI ijs-jil iL*JJj
J«-jII j^<«il J i._^Ji ^UMI J-JI JIT,
oU^MI 4j ^>jt .U jw. j^j Jl i>.UJi j. oUl
*^iji L ur . jjuii jp iitiji jumi j, sjji^i
«i>dl t$jl£i!l J a*: jl ^Ul u _U«ll iJ_,U^ j, LJu
jU*»l_, Mi_ tjjLil
J*
jSLr «T,
SL»,
j>j& ii* j^>«J ji^i;
phallic stage stade phallique
l*£->l
PHILANTHROPY
pharmacy pharmacie ifaliJi
i_— Jail 1*j_/»j jJI » ijjM' j*-a>v d)\j' i^»
. « tJUII
pharmakoniJUjJli^Kllj. iS^*ijJk'MiiJ^llj
. >_jL\pMI ^i«J l ^ j ^~ II J«i)l j» fji J* J^'j
i^^Jlj i^jl jji. liai «Jj_««ll J^lj, M jlT>
»lii j lpa;La>-_j ^jLif-MI it^n* Jjijlji IjilS" jj-ill
,_^-j JIT ^jjl .IjjJI ^i*^. Jl Jij JIT, ^11
i»j«J.I «Jl» ^t .11 ^LJI jli^-M j^Jjj; Sjlij <— ilinJI
phenomenalism phenomenalisme
j»l_jlill j ijf*a*u, iijni.\ jl Jji Jl ijlaJI
4-S"^ l»jL*l Ml j^ij M U syklU jlj UixJIj iolll
^ -^J^' J*'^ S-^V J ^^ ->' ^J^ - ' J* 1 ^ u"
j_»ljJill Ml iljj_. M j»JLJI jl ^-Aoil l-L,. Jw»i
J^ ^11 ii_Ull j» phenomenology U-jly-y^ill)
phenomenon phenomene o_y»liiJl
**W y >V ■»=►' ,/ ^1 j>J' i-jj- J t v-.M ^ >ji >~ ^>j ii j u 5^ ^iij
jl i-xjljil i-JI j»J J JiJall ijU L.XP ^JJij i^JLl ji «i*j ^Jai-Jj ojjj-j iljX" .^ ^j^l Sjlyy ji
. 4^- C-;0>JI
i^l epiphenomenon iTjJli _>l ii-M 5^* it Jli _>
. U-jOJ j^">UI j>JI J JUi jv'l- li ^J
social phenomenon i;PU\>-MI Sybltll : J»;l
phenotype phenotype ^jAlkJl ?ri>»3l
**ji*j V'jj" J^'j*" »ja>J U5 ^j^ixll jLJI
Jp ^MolJ genotype j-^ji ^ijj\ ^illj £JlT
■ v'y j"*L>*^ »j-a»« i-^ i^j-*«ji jL-ii
philanthropy philanthropie jl>«Jl u^
J» «Jlj>-l ^*l»Jj 5ilw J-i>«J JJ jl—iMI J;*
j-i«JI J — at ^1 »UaiJI j» (^j^'iUI Jt_^iJI j^i,
phantasm phantasme Jt>JI t»*jJl
Jl>- 1) : Jli j 1 i^j jj^ j, JLiJI toju, U
oML>- ji^iii jj ^1 phantasmagoria 1 JUI
i^y^i t 1 ^ 1 y j J 1 ^ *'JJ cr* V^j^J w^A
-uutii _^ ^x; i/lT, lL*i iiijjl j_^ *„ jju-
iUL ^!>Ui^.MI li,- Jw»i US' .p»cJI J y;U SjIj,
■ LS**" ->' iTJi
ISO
si j,»aJI J kjlui »l»jMI ja
fantasy : Jii\
PHILOSOPHY
iJU-ijI OU^>JJ J gjjjjjl JwJI 4^1 Jljy'j
.misanthropy ^^\ i _ r J r \ j^, *LU;j
philosophy philosophie
i-e-jj>y i-ljj jSvjl'j ^yr^ S)^ l5 j ^' irfljJ
, UjJUax. j\S" U^* OLJ — c
JjSfjN Jilf J v^-J lijjtj.li : pjji ii-JuilJj
J J -«^ je- «j# jSCat jj^, j £^> jkilj
. v-»jyJ>l \$-^ *»jWI
. 0^ iljUl J~?" J)' LpLI' J ^" J^l>
. Su»- J^l J~? g? 1 tS^I J ^. J^" 1 ,>J
JT Jjijt JjJdli :*1j-L1I »a» J ii-^liil Jilitj
«s>jij sjUi ji .^ jr jjij; j^aij jiji j; .^
4_jO*-^l jLa)lj Cm Sjlllj JUil Jj»-j jjA JjJWj
. IO*-lj lilp lj_. ic' jl jjiji
social philosophy iSlli-Nl ii_llll : Jil
314
phonetics phonetique ijiill Ol^i'il J*
lijiili *kit; jjsjjj _>*j ji_;*>U ^Ji Oj^jJi *-ijj
j .Ui,/ j& J\ _^.u»ii J| v"^ 11 i 1 - 1 - 11 J^°"j
. ^Ull oA» J* ^ JS" V. Jj^i J" iiJaN Ja^j
. li ijjjl l^U*. /ij t *ljil J UliJl *J/ JL; j
ij»>>- i--*l JUl I liij .i-«w .j— I Jf >»» ; ■■ /'' jJ
iS ^U^l j«Jl j»j UJI J* £j> >U i-Jl;
i-iji ji jjUli j^Ji j! .j^JIS" o/- 1 ^^ *-b J
phratry phratrie
ylili sjs .jjUJi
jlA^^lj rj liJl J. r-ljjll; J-^i ^J!l iLr 511 JV
tribe «L» sib jL' clan S^ii- : J* l
phrenology phrenologie L^-jl^j^ll
jjSo JiJI ji J>' \AYA - WVA F. Gall i Ji'
phylogenesis phylogenie
ej iJI ^jjij
phobia phobie
^laJJl t ^**Jll J*j^iM
jl 4 iij 4_^f Nj j^i^l 4^j-. ^JJI jkiJlT
j^ jl iiLi ^->jUJ iiyi Jloil i^i 4jp 5jk_)l
»Lil j^ ^JjUJ.1 oA» jjSc Jij i i iJI J»l j«!l j* <ilJi
*Lil _,i ii_^JI jTU^I ji »^WI j. J»jiJI Ji. i^-jU-
Ji.j . JjJt-l; iL»)ll j. jl j^jll j. JjjiJlT JJWa
jjkJI » jU aJjlij Ulijlj flji^l ^•s' uh ^j'j 3 l?"
.ontogenesis
physical education education physique
4i-tji ij>Ji
i>ll Jj-. J*>U^l Jp J-* Jil ij.j3l ij^l
iUill li» o-ji Jii JjJij Jxll ^^Jl J»L^
J* Cij» ^-i J J— " UT t^J-l ji t?^ 1 *'j-
jjL_«Jlj fUiJl v^^ *^V-* ^L"-* ^j*" JiJj'
jkljll LJk, OU-. ^ Lfill L.j ^-iJI Jp iV*\lj
315
PILGRIMAGE
physical planning planification physique
oU-Lj-I jbj^- ^i iiiil i^Ul j* jail .kiii
^ JljjS/l oi* -* lJ_^- ^1 J Ul .UJ)/ jTuS/I
. J»liJI
physicalism physicalisme ( -4>^_isJl «bu^l
i^l^-NI fJ U il)i J U fjWI ji j>_ ^jjl .UfMI
JT jl villi »lij-«!l iJ ^ *£ J-^ *^ <^-a>cJ jl fjiu-j
. UUI »!» ijjo- J Jli jl j& iUJl J ^
physiocracy physiocratie '_kljj Ji ^JiJl yjsliil
physio- Jj^ljijiJJil v-*-^ 1 '■*» j 1 -^' J* Jli*
j^iil J jjw iyil ^UaaMl j* J;> y>_> crats
ip^MI ^Ijlill J ^ j. J,i I^IT, 4 ^i* j-lill
,£>«; Jll ixJaJI jrOljill Jjp- .lyil j^iu l_^i^pl_j
.ijUol ij»- ijjjji} o_^iJI io^tj ioUtJ"}/! ysljliJI
5jj3l iuJ, jp ikUJI jJbJl ^ Jl IjUjJ ^j
Xj-^I j_Uall ^ ^yijMI jl IjOiSe-l il . l$~ j_jj"j
^U!l IJL*, . UiU=> Ctfli ^ Jil jk UJl»-j V^ SjjtlJ
jjp ii ^i f^Uall Ul k__ft_ r- iU **a^_ ^ill a-b-j yi
. L^iSLi j jj^j \& } i5_jji)l 7«iJ V l^i il i^»
')J^ -r^J o\ IjSjOj jl jjjsljijjjjjl Oli Ji)
Jl « -ouL. * A*L^I ^iu U'l_> 5jujl>- »jU jU ^xj M
' . JJUNI OUJI ^Lil J«. Sjjill _,! l^ jljll
physiognomy physiognomonie ililjill Jp
UjUpL <u_>- j;^ jl 4^>-j j^^>U J,_Je> je- iyi\
i — ^>«jJI i — -\Jt At- i — .IjjJI oi_» ja fy&j
■ phrenology
physiology of labour physiologie du travail
Ofi-I ^Lij J*J«M *tJI ^"^"' »U»pl i_iJll»j i-iljj
J_;L.j ,j Ja^\ J <Lju ««IJ »UJI J»Uil *Lj^ i^iil
physiometry '^^j-jJjjlill ( _ r .CaJI jj_,l» jp iUij <wiuiii
. iv-A-L; ij^-jJj;; ill l_Jjli>_jJI ^Ij (_S'
physiotherapy physiotherapie J\j}Ji\ rSWl
4^A_ia]l J«lj«!l »l-li^-.l Jp i*Jl» i;»-^U- *L-j
4S>JI, i^ljllj *\>.ji&\j ^\, ijjx^j .UIj.ljilT
. »-ldl ^v-<uj V-^' ^*^iv"j
picketing piquetage wjI^s^I Xjlj iily
>.>■ x* jy-jji j, iLl- jlji «d j*ji ys
pictorial charts diagrammes en images
: u*>
Jp oU_j-^llj jj-^1' <« :: W 4J Jx JjMI «-jJl
»lij*i/l jm k_«-LJ 4JjU^* OL-Lic i i*»j^«ll «*^?l^il
j>-j tOU^-jllj j_^»il j» JUI ^>JI Ul . Ljiir" ^11
iU^ll OU_j-^llj Jj-^il 4«-t *J JXJ JsI^jjOjNL.
pilgrimage pelerinage
yJ«
i^. J j j
lijl) ^Oi* »j»- jl ViS' Jl ji— !l
Uj_jjj ti^_a]l jail s-ljji j^al ^ «Jl JJL4 j^ju'j
j' c-4^jj a* ^j 3 '^ij") ^j^" -V'r J j^ l: ^'
k_JUil J iiJijJI oj,. iji.aJI oail J^J Nj ■|»-*^ 1J *
ij-dl JjSi C_j- iijUJI iiJijll Ujlj>- Jl Ujj U'Ij
PILOT STUDY
316
ce-Ail!> iSj^llj UNI JJU'j j^Lilj jl^JlT i-oill
pilot study recherche de pilotage
iiU.ji-'ili i-ijjji
J*) r-*b jU* J*- ^>JIj pL3l JJ l-U> ni^Jl
iJ ::"~" <l>-j* tjwj i*UJI 4k?JI a*^j ^*~j* Ox /**
. d^JI k-Jl-N J.UJI
«j (^j*^- (^JJI ,_^JI ^ji\y\ JUil J
i-ljjjl
placement placement otfc>H t «i-^l
J.JJI joJLI JUJI JUJI Slidl > ^ifj j. >Jufe>JI
j.xill JU*il oJltj J* jjiJI .jjjyll >_jl£, i^
ijj Ui unplaced -u, ^ ,1 Ijl JA.U1I j*. jlkjj .l.
. unreferred «-U jlkj J«D jby ^ij, ,1
planning planification w,°uL,-n
Jp jjljll •tjjN^.I Jl Jjj,- -kdl ^ k.^L.1
<J* 4, .l, /i , a, j Sj-b,^ JjIjaN U»j j£* 4»-j J-a»'
5j5 Jt>U- *«i>il l,Jk jj_j ik>- <w»j (VjiH JlkJI
integral Or jj& Jii ^y J* lukiJij
j\ flexible iy\ jj& a»j partial Lsji- _,!
structural ^iCil ialkk£ll ilu, . rigid U.li-
■ remedial ^_»-}C»)Mj
JalkiJllj city planning lZA\ Jalkk; : ^kJi
^*lli-Vl Jalk^Blj economic planning ^jl_k»Nl
local planning ^£Jj S^3\j social planning
-ktkWSlj regional planning ^4jh/i .klUk3lj
. national planning ^?^51l
planning, local planification locale
'^1^31
J-is-J i>-ldl Olilkllj J j'_^' K fry) 3r~^i "~?"
ijill jl OOll iSy~ ' A* i*\e*-'j iiUiil i_JU»l
planning, national planification nationale
*_4ji)l hfficll
national planning : jkil
planning, regional planification regionale
'^4^>l Ja^ll
^Jt>«J^ A>-Ull OUlDtj <3j'_}ll **>"J>J ^- ■■ ' ■■ " J ^~*^
. JliiJI OljSlj aJliJIj
planning, social planification sociale
'^u^-^i J4^Jii
t^l *»^JlI Ol>-l»- iU-N ije-^s-NI Ol — -jUj JjljlL
^P^NI JaJaiJI ^^k^l jC* ^ii J* j 14*^-1 i.NI
ilu-i »j>^_; ^JiT »^»Jii i^" ^y^JH ii\ r
<SJ\\ LjkiJI J«. aJN-OJ ^^Nl JaJaiJI C '^U^I
^trNi iukiji C ^k^i ji ijt >-. ^Jir
4IUJI o-U Jj ^jUaJ^/l h,h^.:ll ~*J^ iaJaT^
.«^>Jl ^kljlj ^'jj JaJa^ jP^^-Nl JaJaiJlj , I „n,Ai
. ijUaJNI jrf-
plant, sociology of sociologie d'entreprise
n /ill i^-jij~*j*i
i^L^JI olidl J>.la ^1^-NI -kail i-ljj
jjjuli, v-^ii J>.ia jJUUi ji>Ni ^ ^"^' oli^Ullj
317
iif-^j*j*j iiiUixil ijbVI olji-ll ,jj l f-\^>- s i\
. JUJIj
industrial sociology ^luall M^-^l J* jlil
plantations plantations fjljil
i*a*ai-A\ J^UJJ l/**^ '^'jj' i^Uaail Ol4»-j
Play jeu ^Ji _
. ^^-k »»ij jp j;L ^i free play l*>- j^C j*
ijjljiil >-->-jf jy- ;j organised uJii» J_>^C -** US'
game : J^i
2 - piece de theatre Uidl t Vy-^' ~ Y
( J*J jU>Jl ^f- -UiO i^U- ifrLrf» itLil4 J^2»
*o-^— llj burlesque S^U v-y— J>' V -8 ^'j*' J^
SUilljComedyLjL^j^ijii^ilijdramatic playi^jji
.tragedy Ljl^i^i y
playground champ de jeux <_jJIl
jl}T ^>-ljJ. J«i j/" ij-iljjll Ob-Ulj t_fr^ll .UJI
. iiUdJ «L*-Sl jliJl
plebeian plebeien fjlul Jjfj
IS"jU t i»UJI jjjiil jp 4;»*k-«j ijU- ijSi jj^;
PLURALITY
pleasure principle principe du plaisir jjjji ixi
jjl£jl «Uil ^y-iJl JJ^ 1 *->*<■ ^ *i a " -i .
. Jljll OUiOl jUp! JjJ ^1 k_^j 5J0JI
plebiscite plebiscite jpUll ebtL^II
. LV Oj_^aJL i-«» iil — ■ J jl ii«Uil jj^^/l ^<i<u
plural agglomeration
£^JI
pluralism pluraiisme ^judl t-iji*i\ wJ>X>
5At oUl^l J^*u jlUll JJc~. £-bj .J»-lj io^ J|
lx^ Jl .JS" jj^ll Jjj ti-iil monism i-ls-ljll «— -*Jb-
. ij^ljll i^JJI ji ^>JlI ^jjllT 4>.lj
il^jOJ sociological pluralism •. Jlij
. i, i; oU->i>«il jo~'j (K-*^!! J^b ol*U-i jj«j"j
plural society societe plurale
oJl* ^ j_j^j jiil **A>Jkl 7-^Ua^aMI IJl,- -Uai
plurality 1 - plurality ii^|| - ^
ii (j»Jui«!l ja«j i) : JUj j-i«)l SjIj jj S^tSJI iJU-
JS~\ j\ Cz*a^>j 'jll JyJ plurality of office
PLUTOCRACY
2-majorite 4^^' ' ^J^ 1 ~ T
Jb>-I \-\f- A~o^j_ Jl Ol_^»MI jJU- 5jL J I,, .i.^iji
plutocracy ploutocratie '^"i 1 £»j£i-
g;.bi ^ Lj UUll *kU! jT£ .b_/tfl i._£»-
point rating system systeme devaluation des
fonctions par les points .kill; «-i3l «jji>
4 i-b&l tij-Lli ) tjilb^l obi ^ is J& i-Jjll
i_Sjjbj iJji-i'j J_jf>JJj »^>«ilj a'*-'^' ( *c»'j-"^'
J&J j^-^l Obi JO^xj'j ijliu Olp^f (j iib>«ll
Poisson distribution distribution de Poisson
by^y. giy
oUjyJI j* yy law of small numbers sjli^all
• V~*t* Jr^— 'J V - *- w, '~* j' _y»l_jla!l j- Li J.I i»!-l»- Jj-5
!~ jjdl JlSLil j* j_,o^. j£i jt 3jU jj^lj; gjyj
oj»«jj binomial distribution o;-^ <^i
. Ij»- ij*~0 j"*" cS-^*"' <J *: -" ^y^) r~>^ y
polemology polemologie ^_ij^ji f Ua»-I Jit
i->-UI j* IajUT, L-L-ij ^Jj^ 1 Jl ^' i- 1 ^
318
OU-Ui-l jv flj-<J' i-ljOll 0-U» y^~'j .4^t»-MI
police police
J^dlj 2i,Ji\ J j^Sllj flliJI Jp iiiiUJJ jJ.I>l Jp
JiSL Lc .IkJI IJL» JLt; L. J»>ll i.U)l 5_,i» y* i_>jJULl
administrative police I^jlSMi
^-J^Jlj municipal police *Tal3l ^-^^j
judiciary police jCiil
»lkJJ police regime g ^j-JjJI ^UaJI • : Jli j
a^LJ) iiljLi-^l 4P>U jl>S(l 4J *-iki ^JUI gi-jSUJ!
. i^UJI
policy politique
L>CJ\
I— • ^«i i i\y- J ows^JI JiJIj ^^ J^- 1 -"
jl Lab tl.'Ji J«w cJ-L^- *U^l>- <L-L— - fi~fiu Jl ^^"'J
demographic policy ^;llCjl CllJl : Jlij
economic policy i'jUaJ^l il-llJlj
.social policy «!*uVi-^i il-CJl : jfci
political economy economie politique
economics jLia^l JU : jiijl
political geography geographie politique
geography, political; geopolitics
319
political organization organisation politique
l ^ uu . r»r**ri "Jj^ji V"V- " li-^M 1 ^ 'v'j^ J^ lc*
j^t-lit^U- jO^Jj jv^JU- j< ^jj* *:■'■;&■" OpI^ U»_>
^1 Uj£ Jij .A.liJlj J^JI j ^'Ujj p-.^-ij
r-
Ojii oJ-Ux. IsU'l
ts-
L_J
(C^J
oir U5t? a»-i 5
csiil ^LJI JiJl ilU*j ,lLpj J
i^oJI ^L_ll a^'j '«-»■ v^.jij ^j^ ' -j Lij
(^"L_ll iiJi-^j li-^Ljjl [^jL. j«i»t tr .L»l Jp li;,
,j--»-l J ikl—ll i-jL* J»-l j^ Jai pi ^Jul g;jlp\ ! i
«JauU SO<-l» J«i»l jl «u JLil J* } : i^JilJjjjlali
political sociology sociologie politique
sociology, political : J^ 1
politics la politique; politologie iliCJl JLp
iU&l jlkj i( ^JI oli^f ^j i.jSUj! J*.
k-ilj*- S^ <dj ^e-JI t^-kJj ijjJI 5jlil >
^Jl ^l i-l^ JjLi ;J J^J\ ^bU ; ^ <___;,
Jjl^j J^JI ^jULIj c U»J.i_, i jTjll Sjbl/lj i.j£»JJ
^JbLlj t ol.l^Vlj JiJI j ii_kJI O^JJ.1 i-ljj
V.J^'j V^.jJI bUiill ^ J»l£dl J-txJ JjUij j— Liil
4 — ^U-J15 <U*«'l„J! ii^ujL fl.sU- 4*U- filial U jUtfl A
, <da*bil «.v-LJI_j e^^ii
political organization '^C ^liiL" : Ja\
~^}^3> political action ^C- Jl*>
^"W" Ls-^^J political democracy *~-^~-
.political refugee
POLYGYNY
pollution pollution oJEll
jf £iUI olutJI ,___; ^jSllj .lllj »ljil d^'
. j.\~^\ J»lijl ilijl
environment protection £jl XTl^- : ^kjl
polyandry polyandrie ijOJU^Jl ".r'jj^ 1 ^-W
Cf>-jj J^* al^II eUa^ic r-Jj^ TT^ij^ J^-'' -^*"'
Jt ijOjU^lj . O^lj CJj j p- JSjU- jifl j I
: u*-y
fraternal polyandry 5j>-l slu- j> il^il r-l^j
iic L^jj disparate polyandry i : _,ud; ijjO^JIj
polygamy polygamie ^iO«JI rbj"
^1 > j* 3 ^ 3 -** 9 ^"^*a&" ^rjj* 1 /T'jJ'' J^5wl -^1
^l^l i'%' a^-jjj ^jj jl ^jj j>« j^" 1 ^ j4-'
jj^'j polygyny oU-jjil j-W yAj ^JxJI ^Ij^l)
group «.LJ-I ^ijjj polyandry ^JJ^ 1
. marriage
polygenism poiygenisme JIUt ilui 4j >Iai
l^liJj iy-iJl ,^1^-VI jl-l>oL Jjij Jl i_^J'
. JiiJi ^a^llj o^Vl Jl 4 ^SOl ja«dl j,
.monogenism jt^l^l L»VI i^iii l^Jblij
polygon, frequency polygene de frequence
^jl^3l ^oll
frequency polygon Isj'j^Jl JUail ijtl
polygyny polygynie oUjjJI ajw
u^»-jj //• J^"j" i' 1 -^^. /Tjj-i r'jj" ul^ii _l»-I
. -b-lj Cij J ^ OjU- Jf\ jl
sororal polygynyoli-ii 5a* j^ t U-J! r-_,ji, o»j
. ^Uji ^l^x--^?! bl <c>-jj AA^i /^ r-jj^ jl
POLYREALISM
polyrealism polyrealisme jiUnil JJ* i^ki
JSUaJl .> v-jIj; — • i^L» Jl vi' i »ij ijkj
S^-aJI iiJtdl :Ji. jb-lj ^Li. J iijiij N iik^LA
j£jj .ii^UNI iiJUJIj iw.LjIj Ukll iLi-Jlj
polysyllogism polysyllogisme v_-fJLl ^UJl
4>w> C-i - fl lil «ji Jkll J i—Tjll j-Ull; J-ai
Ll*»-J 4xJ i^L LU^a Jp £*jJl J^o: ^LjII i.-li«
JJ-JI ^y^^j yisJl »JL» Jj ib-N i_JI j| ^LJ J i.jji.
polytheism polytheisme
il^l
iJjUJ ijU?" Jjjl j^jjj UNI jJxo jUUpNI
vi-^V 1 4/-^' Ji^.j V^ f^'j ' ^ jz-x J ^
o^-jj jl j£f _ Nj -a»-j;N *iL, jji jjl monotheism
. a>-lj Jl ,_$^
poor laws lois sur I'assistance publique
4_Jill ^Ijiil Jp ^ Li jl],, jlT £*L^I
oIopLII j^aij i-L^l ~js cjISj i»U)l oIopUJJ
J.U1J ^x _^i J»i ^_^. ^ l»lji— Ji Jllj i^l
J**Jv; •+»!-» J»ljlilj SopLII jJUj ilU- dj~ v_jj>-j
. viDJJ i^v»iJI jTLNI J
popular culture culture populaire
I iiliiil
U,vU.l vJwaij ^»iJI £_»Jjj v_jv_JI j/ Jll 5l£!l
v*~U» ^ ^ll j . i_-L.NI i-JiiJI JlSONIj JJU-J
Vri j'j*~"^ ji^ a^j*^ lt** **^ **•<"; -»»v»«ll
320
popular democracy democratic populaire
iwiUJI JjjJI J ivjjl <Jall Jp 4_^_il o-L» jUa,"
. iLJjJ V"J^ (u'IjJI flkJl 4J (_j-U>Jj jij-tll ijiD
< ^\} ) ii _^ iiyJI i_jU»lj»_y:_jll ijyu *lkJl l-L»j
I »,_£ J\ i-LNI ^--lill f Jv*N «JLI jN
^Ll Jp (^yf_ i_j_ijl SjIjI jp j^«Jl» . OLWIjijXjJI
Jaljil ijjj jL>-NI ij> J«i '~rr* J . «-»-'j Vj^"
. j>- 1 j Ji . — ' J>*J A^atj j I oJU. Ij <L ^»- j
popular movement mouvement populaire
jjP jiLs J»>L«I ^/-lrt-1 i»Lj ^ 4~*-JI iTj^JI
^j .lS^ 1 '^.^ 5 j Li. ^ villi Jpj vv-jv-JI
... jJI UU1II iT^lj v_^l C^lj iJLJI iTj^Jl
population population
oifCii - \
«k^ jl 4h_J-« jl ^ j>J«* j; ill ilj»!)U JS3l JJjJI
J_j> _jl i_«^ iikd i-— JL oL jlx_JI ^Oxj ^ji . U
C ^-a^NI Jj»i ^J.1 J ^.yll J,> JP jS^j l4 j«
i£"jLZ*> iy£ Ole" ^-i < _ r »UJl ^ ^-y^r (Jp »-»^
ijL-iil jl ti^LVI jl 'Vjili jl '^■j'jri .i-w
^1>-I_JI jwCjIj vjy>-jjdl jlSLllj vMNI jwCjl Ji.
Aiij »jj~a. J«j oLj**Jil »oa Ji.j .j_l ,_LjJI 3j» J
. «—j"i/l «-L^J) sub-populations iJUJL- ULii
iJliC — II i«JI j. iJU- jL»-MI (jic j J&rjj
*ll»- lS^ 1 jLo" 1 J -^-y -^ underpopulation
^' j.j overpopulation jlSLJl. iilk-TNl j.
optimum population jlSLU J1.N1 o>Jl i£j o^b
viiii jwCji i»ur ji jtCji **• ,>• (j;^ 1 viUj. t^i
Ol^Jvdl ^y a^vp jl ^«>JI J^"-^' Ja-yl. »X* »L
321
POSITIVISM
£^11 Jl SjLitA! »U^VI J ^ US' f oiu_J
S:>>^. ipj^e Jp «W_dJ ji ;i_«JI <c jtai (£JJI
j%p l-i>\Jj\ icy^r j\ i-w i-L_. jlW J»-b »Li^
population, active population active
yr 1 OjJo. S^-Sll ^U>J j^UUil kiJJi J U iaUaalM
j*-l> J>U)I ^U^iS/l klUiT, .^aUail j^i. J
jlSLil jk Ju* gainful occupation ; < T: j£^,
JL*S/I joj, j^All OjJI olj jU^L J\ ij^UUil
population density densite de la population
iU^- i— i "Up J-<a»x; iiliT JJ:> Ja-jlj .Ljj jj-i-~
. £j ll JIl ji >_ r LS0J _,i jbS^U ji jlailJ
population explosion
explosion de la population ^l£jl jli^i'SlI
J ^^Jl j^JI Jp ^Vl 'Up 4tlU £^k«»l
ji ij jiwi (j iiuai ji»m ^ j jislji jop
J OLijil OM-U. jl j* '^p ijly^jXOll ObbUf^l
i-lail OUOiJI jUilj ^Ul ^£11 ._,,,„; *}*. ^U
>y J JjIjS If jj U>U- Jp oil xll^l o^-u. jij
. iiuai >di
}j*S Jiso" jl j& V 4^1 s i« j^ tiaUaaVI
population, indigenous population aborigene
cf. aborigines
population, tribal population tnbale
jJsJ\ Jl^Jl
^jtjll A*^r«il olplLi jl 4-JI J^aj (^iil iSy~~ '•I 0*-
J^JI iili'l ) «,- j^WI «jiJI jl i^>UJI »rblpj
. ( \^9V CJ \'V iJjjJI
pornography pornographie
wi^l w-'i^l c ^b>l jill
JJUL, iUdl ^Vlj j^JIj iUSOl
l^j i ljL-_yl e-Lfc JjI-Aj JjJjI ,j^y OUj -iJ p»>*jj
. Ujlj; Jp JjJ ^1 jS^ill ) y«JI ^ji V
position 1 -position jS'jil - \
lS^I »LiV <r~^^. ■'•'■ j' *i«* "^-i i£-^' Z 1 *^'
ii3l - Y
2-emploi
OLs^Ua^- j/lj OliaLJlj OlJ_jL-ilj OL>-ljJl 4Pm^
social position ^^^ *~p)\ : }i>\
function iiJijil
positivism positivisme £JC#2l
j»l>H Us* j- i^Lll iydl jl jsiill ^Ijll
. 4-JljJI JWL; ji>^_ \jj ^ Vj iij>JI jjW^ 4»j"* l^'
POSITIVISM, LOGICAL
322
positivism, logical positivisme logique
iiWW <*>*$\
iyt NJ J-P J- J«*U ^-Jj tiiyiJU -Ua-jll j-Uall
<ull <JLU«j <u*lj.i Jl cJj^iJ *j l^JxJj \^> ^ww ( j^ ,...,., "
. «L>«J.I JUil f-Jj» ,j; ~S ' JJ^A 0O»-J J^ixJ J*N
possibilism, geographic
possibilisme geographique 4JlJfc>«lt tiU^iS
. jU>-Mi J jljNi i j>v j«j;j « «~ii ji *t^»^' •
J, -uJ^ U jU>.l ^ iU)l y, jUNIj .oNt»lj
iJl £,-" J iJUi 4-jL£I Sy oi IS 4 0L;l£/sll s-i*
. <c£-il tiij UjjJu" jl l^.-Wj *JUai
4»">UI jj& jl Ci_jll ^-i; ^ j*) I,.' I Ml jLJNI Jp
ij> OS'Jj If^Jj '^.j^ V-*" **" 5 ^' Jl—'^'j «S«J' ux
JTJ; IS iixJUll £JI oLilCl j. JU)/I jL&il
. IA if-jjui- ^-Jj £Jl >-JjyaJ jl— ;NI iU«i-l Lfljl
postulate postulat ijiLoil t iuLil
jl J^f. N US' t l^...,a'.» i-> t_ ....I iyjii ajiLail
L. -jLJli ^—JUa; tjl il*Jp .P^a; J^-> W* a* J?.
j>5 . U
l^* yfc "T .i. i jl \X*II
jM
ilL»j .Lf>"^ J* ijwj' jij l^^x^a* tiJU-l (^ fj»j"
postulatesoijiLallj axioms oL^jJI ^h jj> «J*
jU^JI lj_U ju Ji OljjLaJ.1 Ul If— ij «~j OUj-jJli
I^Udi OLf-XJI jl L5~ ^LamU ryj>y t \f'Lj *Up a* t-U*
jli dilJlTj .i^^' lUaii OljiUall U tiJLU;
Jkil j. 5-u^. L;Sl Jull £j> JT j i-U- oLf-oJI
oUJLii u <-£f*-0 jS-jc Js" J«- i^y-i Ji •'V'yj
«;LJLwi JU- j£) jl tjl JUil jjy j* £j» J^i i^»UJ
. *j ^UJI
postulates, basic postulats de base
i_-iUVl ,j^j>ill
- i^l^ ji U-^i - jj£ ji Jb M J-.L.I ^>j> ill>
ijdi i^LT I*- «Wi aJij ^^t-ii fWi >Mi
. diii ji Uj xui j>ai f ikiij iyJi siiaiij ^aij
potlatch potlatch J?*>°^ ^
JS" -i jl; y e«ij *i J r' a ' OU^at SOP Jj-j ^Uaj
JJLill »L*j l^jl jtJO aU» JUiJI .U*j J» qfj
( _ J j-it ^(Jl »JiJ UlU- jl ij^ jl i^J i--Ul tSj>-^'
C~S i^U- ^iC, — ^. -fr j JT u^.J tt-il^illj fUJall
•J* rtwilj .i-C-^MI <J>> J«- J»vyj 5JU.I 4JjO»
. iitLi. ^"jjS JjMI -Pjll J^-i kiil-i;j ._-. ioliJI
. iiUiNI
poverty, social pauvrete sociale ^U^-^l jitfl
jT>lj i*^NI 5ljL_il ^Op ^^U*-*^! I-V. J-ai
Jb'UI if^l -31 J-i «0>u IS jywll«Jt»« ^JJI
pauperism «Uil : ^jl
power pouvoir jUJI
^.LjJI Jp i>-JI j. jSO:' J" i>8l j' ij^ai
juuJ Jij .i^i. ^l_,i Jl f*ji>r *~ry> f&.f 4
<^S j\ j-llill j. ji 1«Jp >'UJI v**^ J* illlU,
. i>L«ll 5^11 j. ji ijj3l jl^>-N
. jjUJIj i-iU.1 ,j;j JjJjJiIj ijUl jju
legislative power ou^if iUL : Jli j
executive power i'JLij iLLj
323
j» jSli ^ social power i*t»-l <kL-j
. ^-Irf-NI jLJJ JJJijII ^lyJIj
practice pratique .jfj|j£| t £,jUll
S-jUlI ,_yiu;j tj^i— j» lij j&f j» U JUI ^.Uli
Jl ijUU practice period CJllll sji Ju. j
J 'QUi VTljiit U.L'i IjT/ij ji (jgjjdll Jp ^j
jl i-w i^. J J.JI «_>j Ji «+-*! 'jl**-! J— 1'
. Sjjl>«^ 41a« oL.L»p .\.a:" oLS~ Ij*«jLU
practicism experimentalisme *slJi>^^
Sj& J/- i~* SyJil ji jj—TjUl j_^TIj^iNt ^
U»U»I Jjj vi^, u, ^J^j oL jkJl jUjI
jl US' iiuJi*- 4_Ju)l ujjUJI jjj OljjkJli iSji>i\
^lol j&j t^^-ll ic-U- i Ji jyX, 4-JU)l CjLII
J^— I UJj-j 1^4 Jl oL Jill '_>*•' ji j' fj; -^ l"ji
■ V^'j V'bjy J^ 5 ^ 1 kiit
praetorianism pretorianisme J^^Lii\ JnJ-
ji ijSLji <uji ^iaic-i j<> j* i-Lji juji
PREDISPOSITION
,j«li t ( ~w" j»l JaJI jl <_J»J1I l-U jLil ijj.3
praxeology praxeologie .li^l J*
t iL* gjfc; Jl J^Ji j^- Jl jj«ji ^jjo
^Iji 5j<m jl -Lijll JsliJI jlai« _,f» ^^i ijijuj
. /iU i_Jb jkll itif .b*l i_Jl< JUI U»j ..b\l
cybernetics, operational research, : Jil
programming
preconception preconception
JjmsII tjJill ji>aJI
prejudice tjfajl
preconscious preconscience jjm^JI J«l U
( U iiisJ ^j j^fcill ^ "_>>■_>< jj& N Jl Sj^iJI
^.JU-I illli Jw US' tijUil X* «j l»jj»-j jlCl ~
• Jj^lj jyoill u« ^j <^JII JiJl J"
predatory labour travail predateur . Y u j^{
labour, predatory : _,!»!
predestination predestination
,'oill
pragmatism pragmatisme
JJl^jJl
i-ij^i jl»- ^ ^ iLi»Ji jL jsjai »_jkjuii
(iUJi i_jUm i.u>. ^ iijij ji alaydi jij-iJLjNi
(^ j^iil jlj tiOji. If-'jT ^ _y> L. ^ii ja^> jlj
k_J^_ Uj iJLjVI JU*VI jl tSj; (^iil >_Jbill
jjj <jjS3l ilJb-\l dUiTj .lii jl 5jU- j^ UJ*
• ^->tt Jjl fU»< J»j
fatalism : ja\
prediction prediction J^||
jp Jt»-\l J* J~> jl jvT jOi J4^- iJU*
Jl J.lj.11 jo«J T>j .«jj« ^lijJ ^'U^Nlj .^JUl
^Irt-MI ie jla-. ^ Jj^ll jli cie-l^-Vl Jlijll J }y
. v«^WI »jUll j o itj Jtl
predisposition predisposition
(^ j^JI (jUu kCjVj -U« Jjill; J»»1j ijiU- iiU-
PREHISTORY
324
^jOtu Jjjj JJ.I jl ^IjjJI ^jiw J jl Jw ol/l
prehistory prehistoire £Jj&' JJ U
prelndustrial civilization civilisation
prgindustrielle - ■ VI t Jj U Sjtii-
OjUl j!l it Jill OljLisJI I,- £jj* ,JI aU-jll
. i^^isJI ,jl»tll (J j^J (Jl VpLsdil oUu>J.I Oiv
. 0«rjjll Ok i jk^ll i~jJk-l oli^«!l
prerogative prerogative jl~*^" ' *j^'
gjili j~JIT .ilij ji J>\J*\ Ji £*L Mj y-*»tllj
. J-uJI iXU »J* J
prescription prescription
fiUfcll
prejudice prejudice
jidl
jjj i»-i; jUu ijH\ j«c k_Juii j jl*i auri
.tl»U- jl U^u^ JjS^j J»j ii>A»«ll i_jjUJIj Ol-liidlj
racial prejudice ^jJiil i \ { y£i\ j^JI : Jlij
. ^Sll o^t>Ul j^j ^^J *Jt>Ul i\j\ -^
bias : jliil
i&\ - T
J»i OlS" lili t ,j*i»ill '-■ ; ■ <! ■ : (jjal jl i^jL« i^il
<1p . »-j ioiUJI jl ijU-l <£>)jL~* 4^ C-«l»j ^J<ll
prelogical mentality mentalite prelogique
ijuji 4&1
mind, prelogical : jliil
premarital counseling consultation
prematrimoniale pljj" Jf* 3 ^J?'
~*La-ll -j-Liu 4. ^ . a^ JlI i_Jl£U lijj ^11 j^^l
iL'Ull J i^jjllj 2-jjll ^ JT ol^-lj oli. ^ijjli Ji
.til J* j*U LrUAiMji jj,,, L^ ^JJl ii>Jlj
iil&l iikUolftUJI jUIj JliJIj ^JLlj ^lc^-^1
iX« .LaiJl J^itpJI -b-l <L>U-*I <^j^ O^iUll J
. jjJUll l^-~ (^)l JsjjiJtj j»jll J»
fjj JS^J liij j^TI jl <i-; OUIjJMI .jlii" Jij
. OUIjdMI ^1 j.
presidency presidence XJ&)\
^^ J* ^.LJI £>UwMI J i-lijll j*. Jjo
fji^-i ur u*ar ji i-jSUji y ^^di ajjji ^j
presidential system presidentialisme
^Ujll f lkll
(_jl 4 i»j£»«ll ,_ r - JjJ iijdjl ^^-j Jj ii»» (j; A*>f. ^-i«iO«
4I J_jit J; iyj jl ijfl ikL- jj# 3jjJI ^i-Jj j«r>o; M
press presse
4jl^all
iUTj .UMI .Ui^l ^liJij lJ^-vJI jIjuoJ 4>t*>
Ja^wJI J U^Jj jj-J^J OU^)/l »^>-j dMUil
US' t .LjJI tjljll 4;»-y JJUj -»l j. i_i»^a)lj
V'likj i-^l il>i c« jl^iSllj .Ij^l JaU ik-lj l^i
. i«jSs>Jil iijilj i.i'UJI ijil (jij
Ml; jj JuJI yi" Uy'j 4»Uw»)l J_>laj" J* J*t» J»J
325
. SpIUJ i.j^!l
Ir'lC i>-l' il iul^ll «LLJI l^l; 4»U»*a!l J.,:.,; Oij
Jl L>- «^il J >Jl; j^J imlj ikL« J* <; <w«i U
iJLtdlj ioj^idl itS^ 1 ^^' OlklJI «* <_^-
. ij\.,na\\j
. j_^li!l ^J-^* -
pressure group groupe de pression
4»lX; iUiitl <ui »JUaJ Oljlji Jp J**>«j ji J_>U«j
jlx»l j* SjUi^^/I i^U-j 4*^^ C^»j ^1 J 5 ^'
. ^jSUJI r lkJI Jl J^ll
«LpU!I «*ULl ^Uml i-LJI »Up ^Ji^-ij
i_JUdl interest group isJLall ob itUUj
prestige prestige »Ull i&l&l .aI^II
J*ii J^ill «JI J^a, ipLJ-l jJii J ^l^-l jTj*
3aJj» iUJli tiUJIj il£ll ^ JJtiJI »Op <_jf_j
£l£» j* jjj; jl j& ikLJI jl J*' il* >-■■/»•.» J*i<
j>ll Jii, ji Jl i^jj; ji j& il&l ji UT tJ> Bl
. i.ui .__*,lil
preventive measures mesures preventives
tinijll JJt-jll
i-P^NI ji iJJLlI Olil^MI «d JJJ ^11 jj«JLI
. Ii» (*«*-»> J JsjJI al>MI Jp »liMI jl .Vj»j Ji
prevocational preparation preparation
preprofessionnelle ' -.'A\ jUtJJ iljp^l
OjjJijj 4ijjjj (£jJJI J*JI 5j^j jIopNI IJL» jw
PRIMITIVE SOCIETY
JL.5WI jjjji viiJi Jjj ^U)l ~UI jp Ji M .>£"
-kjj tj^il oikj*-. j* jOp jp 4—.UNI ^jUL
•Liljjll aJU.j&j iil^J.1 ijpLsail Olpj_ / iUJ Oljljjll
J OjUjj Ajy«J JL«5WI £j\}\Ju£*m\ JP (JliSJI ,j^
price prix ji»Jl
(J i«-X>- ji 4«JL^ ^i jjp yyw ^^A* ,jP SjLp
^JU-j li»j .lSj>-^' oUoiJI jl JlJI m Salil
lilj i&jJLA i_jL_»- iJl>-j iJUA 0_>^>J jl JUJI i«. : ..L. ;
>_*!; ^->- \jiX jgH\ ji v' 1 - 1 ^ 1 olMi^II U-iii-l
jp ^^cil jU cJiUil iJu* J t^-JjH jjJJI J^iUll
. aXJl *Up ,y olJb-^ jj£j j*i!l
j^ji JpLjJ i**^ i-itil iiU- J J^ill ^-'^^iJ
io*;j .U JL^^II ^jJIj jUI Jp Jl^-^ll ^-iUI
f-U ^11 jit Ml jj_Ji»d i)jaJI J>-as jl i^w jjjt J
. oUoiJIj «Ul j. fljjl I,.
priesthood le clerge Oj^"
jLt*^' r i ~ 4 -' '"'- 1 -^' **^^ r^.-^J ' *rt^ f^V ^J"j*i
. ecclesia ,j»j jJs)/l ,_/-4 jjJll JUj fy**-}
primaries Elections preparatoires
i.Uf».JI oUUciMI
J^}\ jL^M iL-J iJj^ 1 J' ij'^'dl Ol;U^NI
»lj»-li vlUij So»dJ oLMjM t^ c^ '- .<t.l oLpUo^J
0^ <*j'c*'"' J*^. '|^ p ^ <lJ ? <J VJ**^ »Ufl*l oJJOj
j^T Jb- Jl 4-ij »Ip ^lijjl j (^^-il ^jjMI J;^
primitive society societe primitive
Jlxll
5j\<wjJI OU»iJ.I Jp jllaj ^frjy.jjj^ »«iU^i»
Sjj0j^4 4»-l . J ^i ^llj ll_i jl5s_il iLUJIj <««i'
PRIMITIVISM
L> jir ^11 JjS/i auJi j* *i ji .^ j*. ^jii
primitivism primitivisme &\jj\
Jj-IJlI J JUi ^jil *jiA\ ^.jjjiJl j jlip^l
ii-WI iUJl a^j JU^I j>JI jjjU j ic-Ull
JU>U JJui ^ (/ jji uij* J* j^S/l Li j^i ^l
. w' . n .. d »j ^4im *»J^f (J 5LJI a*
JUaii^/l JI jf .j3 ) futurism «JUfc_ll Ll>li"j
• !l ^J | J* iJ i- A >- jj**; J>-Mlj ^W j*
primogeniture primogeniture
2tjjJI j <>>& i iL>U- ill^** oljL*l «JI L«* Jjj; ^1
tiilj ^<- J _>l »^Li <_*■; _,L>-I ^ ji 4j'j>-I jjj l;L»-l
cf. majorat
principle principe ixll
• J"" *cS J Lj <;«!«'■» »c£.iLj V*iJ^ *cS J V\>
universal principles ijli-iy «i£!l» t $adiUlij
JLi?l J*lc)l jj«iJ f aiu_; ^1! ij-L.SlI oU-udJ
j>JI ix»j jl^i-^l LuT ti.Ull oLjkJlj iiliiilj
... jJI jLii^l ix,j
prison prison
jM
(£*". ui^ 1 O*-^ 1 a-r^ * 1 >* !l ^ji-* 1 "l)** '^
J-i flfcj j>.l ji ^ji^i ^^ji ^ ^> ji
penal institutions ilujl .-.T.vli : ju\
326
privacy la vie privee r fl L'Mi £^Jj|
J> jl "U-iJ 4.,/i^.m.II oUyJI JUf J <iiiij «ljj»J
I,- JLII (i^oJI ^j . «5U-i»»lj <JJW »L««.i j. >jUlt
. i ysvH . ■■ ! ! OUj>JI ^ ^J^ '—'y?}
privilege privilege
&W
ijw l y>>^ *i f~>-i J* - j' 'j? {/■ *j^ j^*"^'
p£r^l V" UI
0*-> -^»j* «JJ J u^
UJi^l
u*
UJ» •!
k-jj-y:, j^f. C*-t»-t j 1 CiLaal jl tyli jL>"i/l jjS^_ 0»
. i^i iLt jl ipLA- i_jj«!l jl jjJUll
concession ijLaa^l i;»-UI j. jL«^lj
«-^wt j' J j» ^r"* J - **"; <~* ,:, j j' »jl»-l j* «jL*
ji t U Ji^ J^ic-^ ^Ui *,U U ji iiTpt ji jl>i
Jj-ill; iiLaa^/l OljL.^1 5jW ijOil ia->uj
^1 ^j^/l i-»-j J^Uu-^l SO. vL-»- y Qlil... < j,llj
iJLt J illj^/l Jl Ipi* a»* US' tiJjjil Jl ^jj;
. J^iu-^l
probabilism probabilisme
^Uwr^JI
t jUail ^jill j^L< ilU^-L J_,i' jkil J i jlii
j^ ,> cs'j jvry jj* j» U'l «J| J^; ji j£x u JTj
^'
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CK
i.J 1 * 1 t/J
. IJaiJ lijU, jjSL "^ j^ J^Jil ^i^J
probability probabilite
JLi^l
J^>" jl Mtj^J U * ( »i ^jJ>- *JlP jl ^jj>- jlS^I
^!l iydl ^Jk ijf-^-'i/l i_»ydU c v jill J;li. «L*
t i_Jli J-.ljP Jl Jl^^l 3j, IJLij t ^ ^ (1
IjIjjIj iTIjj^/l LULj J j>«pj IjUjU* J "«■<"
327
^1 f^l j» a~ (l JU^U f^iil li» ji'NJ
t jj-mII ji >JI ji J«JLI Jl JLV^I c 'ti ^-i, V tsJJI
tlf-i i.jjjil ^»ljliU ii*> JUVl/l J> Jx£ 1*1 j
. l$— 1» j l$^J jjj i»j}U 5bl o«j ^~S jfi i-Uj
probability ratio rapport de probability
JU^-?I £j
JJL* Jv J* ij*\li iiijJ>- toijj laj »La»-NI j
V'j-^ jtj^j cry. *~-JI _>* S^Uill «i»jJ»- <JL^>-I jli j>il
. iL^>J.I ^IjlaJI u> ii<jJL>- Oljlj^j f\y^rJ
probability sampling echantillonnage de
sondage probabiliste «i>"llU»-]llli &ULI
ObyU /V*^ <J' u"^*' (J* fj* **^' J^-*"' J' ts'
lSV W>dl iwilJ C-VjUII ^ Ji lsjj; o^lvxi
■ulj oNl>Vi i>; ji US' .ouJi ^.uij jiOi
J*J Jli iikUl oU^dl j- t-ll jLrf-l ij d^-Ul
oVI^I i > jli ^ili J| SUNl; i^U OU>ll ^i
JU»-I t5j^-i Uoi. ijUll jjLj 4-*aI iyw j liJpLJ
Jli Jiptjill U>lj iijU jJ»w" oNU^-Nl< oUllj
ji St> dj-UI £— . ^» t-ll jLtf-l J W*UI ^.
iUJi JI iiLiVl; il^ J4-.I cS>-Ij »-A>j Jt a^~i
Jj~a*Ji i*»UJI Jpljill .Jual dNUWl/l; tiUll jji
ijUll *lk>-i j._jJl IjTj iiiUl' ^^ a* ji-^ 1 <>
. jjJJcll lii
probation liberie surveillee
£* U»r>l dljii ji ^ U=r?l LM»i
OjJiai j* ^jWlj ijj^l ^'-^1 £>U fit;
ijxJall 4^ ^ i_>j»Jil lJ i-iu ki->- i^XsJ.1 <i jj*j<
JjX; 4^1 j 4 jyjS' -b- JI ijP^MI *J j>»; Ut ... : ...»
PROBLEM
^L^-VI <-Vll ji «-il>l J*U j*j ilJb-Sl!
. probation officer
t ii_jiJI j. J*. I Sail oi* »UJI aS^U j-j-I lift
«Jp o«»j v'J 11 ■'•jlt- J*-' V >-~' u >^ v^'j 1 !i !j
. JjNI f >l i>
probation officer delegue
a la liberte surveillee oloi-^J ^U^sr^fl tJ^ill
^0»JI aiu-->U ^l0a-t>U ^t^VI "J^ill fj*
i-lji L_,j JiU- ^11 5JI i-ljij < — -Jli; <I^Uj »«
ji .j,^ ^j jru- c_- jli ^ijjJij auu
oU,Ull «jla ._^i Jp >^o»JI y\ ^ C~! Jli i3^L«tl
£%*\ VLi j* Jli JSUjJJ j^dl Ujlji jJ-* /
. Oj>J.I iJbJI
probationary contract contrat d'essai
Jp Jlk< J.* Jie- j« jLi>-Vl C»w J«JI -U*
klUi jlT .!_,- ij^ll j^ ^j 11 f-** -^C -1 * ^
4^»-X<»j J* Ull »liT j^ JwJI k_j-U» *U»j ^is- y
. tijjij JwJl i>_i. JP J.U1I »Uij fOP jl
ij^JI ijili^o V^y* J^- 3 "^' ^"r* *-"W- ^ '^1»
f lj,l x* ^j^iJ(l ^S JiJlj L'li J.U1I jO«j j^-Ull
jji jL^-VI i»wi o»U- lil L.i tjU^-VI C»J aUI
^ojyj jl ililSvi jl jlijl UjJj -AiJI j«-~*^ *r*^*
problem probleme il^Hl
^,L-ii. .Jlij ji ila>-l 5JL* j- UjSci 5y»lt
j^^yjJI Ifi^.j vlijll J' »/Ji jaJ^ V-**; ^J^J
Hj*a JJ I4JU- ywuj if-U^I jl jjill 4^-lj; t^-JHj
iLJtl Jl Jf*J} l#U~j V. ^V^ 1 <->>]&) Ir.L-i
problem methodJS'Uil »loiii-l ii J» : Jli j
_UU <ib ji £-f~S a^iil flOi^-l> «UI ^ jJilj
«_.jj>ii oiiUi jp ^1^11 lJU*ii jio; ys^iu
. U>J tjjUiVI jj^cllj (,?j»«dlj
PROCEDURALISM
problem-solving LS JiP 1 _ r »L.i J^JTlLlI J^ jiwj
: i/j\ Ol^l
J^l^ljSI (Y «l£ill JpJj^o
■ £^ u**> (* >)» C lj3l ^ (r
social problems i!*lli.^l JT l2T : ^l
proceduralism proceduralisme ijliW illXiJl
*—^jiJ£ *-&\j *«jU« f«JiyJ Ol»lj»-VI fj*i*>-)
328
producers' cooperative society
cooperative de production £jjlic!l r&V <£*«*■
i»^U«^ J^Lj^xo _f~iL t-UjMI j>!j'J;j 4«Jj*-ii
SjLjJU Oy— >• jlj ji _^i t>»jj *^»Jt-l i- .ii.-- jli
production production
t to
\sn\
procedures procedures
ol'«l»l
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civil procedures £ull oU_^-\l Jlij
criminal procedures i!lU»JI olilji-Nlj
OLLJI ijlj^l io_UI j. OU^Vl -Uaij
oLLJl wls^jj procedure chart LJI ol»lj>-V
process processus iltiill
&AJ* Ol>^ j> jJUII r _*iil ^_^ iUwJI
social processes «!*ili-\i olflliJl : ^1
producer's surplus surplus du producteur
u>-v. coU^iJIj iilll ^Ul jUJ Jisllj Jill ^ijj
. oUNl OU-UJI £l_il
small- jX*JI j-l3Vl ijrliiVl j.. jl*> i3L»j
SjUJI J j-tAk^^i IJL» jj» } scale production
OlTpi «£k' _,l a»-lj ,_^-i «£lc ^jll fjjyill JJ
J«aij large-scale production _^i£il rl^Nlj
. S^^T j;ilt£, /J— Jl r-l^l *;
production control controle de la production
£l2?l illy
j. Ji«dJ i.j^JI oUUIIj oljL^-^l .lyrl i-U*
.OU ; »./i:ll J U 5jJ>JiI Olivalj^J) oLj>^1I iiilL»
jrku ^bvi y\j- .d j iuji olu* (.uii ^j
itj-^ »yi a«j £j£ UT . oUcJ.1 i^"^ j»
ji- oUdl jU^-\ ^li^J i.jt)Ul ^pUJI oLUJI
. j^.1 jl *Ua>-\l jvj^waJj Oli^>ljJJ 4«<IUlI
production engineering organisation technique
de la production T-^P **>'•£*
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i^'j
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production life la vie productive de lindividu
lc* ^ — -£j %**■ i^j Jjij; ji j^uii ;L»- Sji
... jjl ^wJlj i*lc^-\l
329
^_-— j SjjT.il. I ijjb\ j^aZ Jl d-.a»JI .O 4^o _,
production relations relations de production
oii-wi ^jiii ju^ii j ^y^^\ la,, x^i
(^-" (tJy) J^\> <T W y^ J o*^ Jy. j&> Jll
i^L a-U^; ^all JSuJl ^liVI oUM* j»j>- j^_,
production, social production sociale
J^ijUl fjfiJJ tU» (i J-\^i\ ^&i\ )) jJUa;
« ^-\^H\ J~ll ,) j*, j-liVI J.lj* j. O^lj J.U jp
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^y- ^>Uoii j, ^ ^b Vj ioaj ^m j£uj lu>
^ jt ji^i vL* j. i,>ii jjjji j ^li jui jp
vuji jjijiij jai ^ij ijx o»w,i a Mjj jui jui
^ C-wi U, ^UaVl _^UJ i^jjil olijJ.1 j,
productivity productivite ^r^l
j-^ ux -1»Vj^I ^U Jp vrliVI 04 > j£c
Ola*-; J> 5-^j JT *s^' tS-iil j-ull <iili Okj J^jJI
^ J.WI i^U ^i t^-tJ^I jli dUJJj s^-ll la*
. <C-*^ *~*j «j^» ij J j*^ 4>t^j U
output uu J^-j J& ^-Ul ji J.WI <^Uj
%M lS- 1 -* J* ^j-^i/k f^yv* j* per man/hour
J 'r) V^ \*ij\ r fUiw-l J ipUaJI ji jLjli
.iaic-i u*i» ^a._, (iuu sa } ji r i ^j^ ij_,i
profanity profanation oLuill ^Iti . j' °f\\\
• ^j^ ''jJJ^l jUil _,! i-oill *LiVl 1p j;ov!I
PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP
sacrilege : Ja\
profession profession iliil ijjit
J JyJI [ rr J:_ Jll a>U.I_j ikl^J.1 JU^Vl apj-j?
Oo; Jll JU*VI j^'U^ jl£l jSC:_j LIIp LU!I jj.1
; L U-J <cU.I d ^ ■ l fl-
. l^j SjLjil >_jL-^'M C..Jj IjJUa*
jl i_yiJ jl ikJ I AjLIi^j "'y^ A*^^' i\j& ~ T
. -r'ljljj: lJIj^pMI i^l ij^l si* t\Ju-\ ijJ*i
«L«pI ^_jI — S'l Jl i-Jo,-" ijf-j j^p oplji iyr) — T
~>±\ J ( iihUl ^UIVIT ) »lji-VI iJ.1
is-jil SjLjil j_^k V ^ »UjI ^ (^r^^j
. i*ll Jl f L-iJVI J ijlUI
^U iU.1 _p<J p^l jL^VI jli j. jlj, U 'Ulpj
*J_XJlj iU.L JUJVI oply ^i; Jll i^l olUiil
professional culture culture professionnelle
^!L^ i-jj Jp jiOil >iWji L. 1 Jll iliJl j*
. ii\i. jail J a^-y Jilj ««i>il J jxJl jl Jkll j.
OljjLilj 1 JjjUilj «_jUl i^il iiliJI J—^"j
^O;! Jv Cowij J c — ^il )\ oUJ Jl SOjJlA-I ijlill
^.r-^ 1 tSji J» j^-i»Jl J. iJl_P isrji Jt- ^l'\
. itbkil
professional relationship
relation professionnelle j'-'^i ii^iJi
J^ 1 ^ ^t'-^ 1 ju^vi ^ L; jll a^ii ^
,^-r o^S". i r-(^ *»">W fj*j • oOpULI jj^ J
j — -jiuii Su\ iji j ^_ j>. ^j^i jv jjUi
J jj^a» j* oUj U Ji jl JjJjj 4^-jj Jr^>" i— aiii
~J j>y^, Jfj .
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PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
professional training formation
professionnelle 'jjty ViJ^"
training ^jj^l ; £,\
professionalism professionnalisme
. SJbljdl jli^l ^jjj jlill JiJI j*J Jilj iJ OUjjJ
&4M jloi. «»_, Jl 4*Ip ii«aj iifll ipjJI «»«3j
l jw»-LJI j* UUj< ijUj >-Jl»j V^->'y* 3 J^ t«j p-s^j
proficiency capacite, competence <l^U JjlaiJl
. ^ j. <+* \ r &z ^!i Ju*SlL r U!i Jp SjJLili
examination of sj^ji- 1 _>£»-| »_>Lp jU^'j
i.-'iU.l i»U» *,*£ ^ill jla^.Vl Jp proficiency
profit profit m^l
.JUJlI J ( r&NI ^l*i J 1 ) <J£M Olpjioil ,J!J
i) risk-bearing sjkull xi«. jj«j ^Uil IJUj
Jp kjji Jll iJ— I' J>- j-li JwJI k_<_, jl JiJll <jl
J*>Oj j^JI IJl» J \fJe- ^JU\ jtiu) i4jlii» ^ !*»-£'
capitalism iibr-l^i : J*\
profit-sharing participation aux benefices
330
profiteering mercantilisme
- jUcJIj ipL^aJI JU-j iJ iua »L» kUJJb -Uai
^-Lji La>w *L.i J i ^m djUJ y w»^,*JI ^j* *y jv~*
. &*Ul jU-S/l w i> jp ii»-U
prognosis pronostic ji^'
OUl£.lj ^JlI £>J ikJjll J»lj«M uiti^ jiJli" Jp
programmed instruction enseignement
programme ^j^ 1 j*!^ 6 "
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^^JoJ jLjsr jl p*Ji* ^-^ ~'jy* J V*^*^ **^' ^•"j;"
programme evaluation & review technique
(PERT) evaluation du programme &
technique de revision «lijJl Jutrlyv jjJ* *5jjl»
ijbMl opU- ilijilj ^Lill jjujj auiCu *L>
ii*JI ji ~**dl jl i-Xil ^jU- iil^j ^-jJ Jp
oijH us~" >» ^.^ »^» J* ^V !»"-> '^j^'
'jjSj V Jt^i J' V^. t^-^ 1 -^P Ote- 1 J* ^-*i ' 3j,il
JwJl ^UJ i.j^ll ajljLl. J^W 4i>» *i» J. i: u
■ i/»
programmes, development
programmes de developpement *s*^" gj'jf
331
^l>^/l Sj-WU jj£j jl JlJj! „ljT j ^Ijjj
multi-processed JWl Sj-wuj multi-purposed
^>JI jlSv^ .-jj- Sjlil Jp J*«;j
• multi-focused «l£jl jl<C
PROJECTIVE METHOD
wJl*JI - Y
J-*: Ol>iJI ji .^U^l ji JUjil w ^ iUL
programming programmation
i»Wj%!l . ><lj%ll *ij
JJ>J <i »Ul k-Jrljil JwJI jj*. £.lj«JI £*ij;
jlfN i-jJll ) _ r -S/l } y _ LT iSjjv^iLl ,J»U»NI
J^U \. ,UI ^Ijll J»liill ^.Ij! jJ^.j JLp^I
ji?-X, programming g.Ql .Uj j. ,^;, j
oU Jr ill JI g.OjJi i^- ^ jjS/l i*UI i^j
iLi £*j «JU>I V-^ 1 O*-"^ V-. fW" 11 O&L l ^ 11
. oU-j^iil oJU scheduling iliij
j*j linear programming i!kiJI ~IJ3l :Jlij
oUl£/s/l_, jjljli J^u-I Jfli. J^J ^Ij Vj L.i
jl <&f ^Ijl ( _ r aJI fjj-i-JJ Ji>J iijk; SjJbJ.1
progressivism progressivisme
. j^»i>Jtl jljil SjIjI Ji»»3 U'l (JNJljill »Jl» jl Jp
JI,.JJI ol*i"Ml i-LJl jlu_. J i-.aiJl; a^ai IS
. ^jp J^i\ ^.Ij* Jtf-Vl ji
prohibition prohibition jlasJl . <Jll
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g?l .LiNI >i j. iJ^JI oljj^iil CJIT j»j
j\ i_yi ^Ijp}U Nl L^UJ y U~ ji If-jU- jJi>-
progress progres
r
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ji «JjJllj iayJll JjUa^I _^J jj_j ^llVj^Ji
. a,ui y^>i ^ jji ji ijUoji jjri ^ij,
^^-^ JI y^l ^Jl JliJl JI US3l jJZ ur
. ilJJI JP 5>;Jlj i^li^l SjOiilj <il£|l ^- J, jpi
social progress ^Lsj-Nl ^Jill : Ji;!
progression progression
^ll^Il
^
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projection projection ^Ul*^!
iy ^i ji -u. a^jsu jj*. ji j»jiJi; ij>^i juiij
auji »i* j j*u-^i j^_j ^iji jijiM ji jiNi j.j
. oljll jp Mioilj j, jdl ^JU j.
projective method methode de projection
,j% . AT . I j i^>«JI £K*li« (J OljUJI A*->- t^JL"! u>-l
^>-v» Jkij ; jjiJJ *Jj jl j^U i_jij« |»j->i* i— 'jL.^/1 IJjb
oJUit OUf ijill (j^jiu Ji 4i^/ jU>-l jl iJoijU li»
^11 JUil »Jl»j ai Uj ,_i»jll ^ (^jil ^^oil jjp
l^lliij 4 ; ; , /t< fci '-r-^'j'!" u***i ,J« .^'" Jjill UjS'JL
(Jp wijL.MI lj» JU^uj'(4«Jj i«jpli»j t«jl>-l>-j
»LJI iO>»« ^ w »i'U ^jijl Jjill JoJ jl ,j<»jill
PROLETARIAT
i-ljj j iJalJL-^l oJUlll floi^j JLij
_i>^i j. JU; jJi oMUJi ^j .j^jl; Jj iyi\
proletariat proletariat 'ijQjjj'
jSsjiLI « jj^-- ol* t jU»l «j.MU1»I >_jf I <ji ^^ <4*a
I,- Lu»l» » iUxll o-L» t^jL- Jjlf »ai^-l «i
^UJI ^liMl j j^Uii, jjiJI .1^1 JUJI «ii>
dictatorship of the proletariatl^jhJjjJI iljylS^
j_^ vl^J^JJ J»w V U j^j . *«j>«ll iJ*.i jSLtj
promiscuity promiscuite
jiLli ^^i JU&i .il^jt 4.fti
jj& ji jp jlT ^i *• i-JLi o"VUu'"V! i-jU'
. ^j-Jr' ,j; Oli^UI *£»J »jji« .u-lji iJU*
J*-'j* ujl J J_>— J CJlf *»l ji»-lJ' ly*". ■* J '-*iJ
<,>JI a* j£)j ti-JLI v-lMI SU-j. ^Irt-^l jjkJI
promotion promotion otejjill gjjjj - \
J-^'SJ I TJ.A' * **^ V. i*^ *-*!".) 'J^isll j^-
332
0> - r
«i> jj& Jl^l Ji~ Jj JUJI ./">• j- iUUIj
propaganda propagande
iUoJl
L-jLcL jjkLjk.1 olaijwj »ljl Jp jJUll j*
i*i L_^ I a ; *
.Ik;
^"
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<j_yj JI dUi J UJ; 0»j tV. Jr^'j u J^-^" ii" ^
. ia«j»oj JjU?JI
Cj^S- »J>»i-Jj -iriJ j' ijlil jl i^tfl j' V"^r*
f^p"i/l JfUj il>JL>-l propaganda campaigns £l*aJl
£j\jj2±aj t_»j Ujj^^iJjj iplilj 4»U»^> j« JUalMlj
Sjla-. CjJ IfUL-j fjij ilpoJI jUa>-l j«j ... jJI
. JiJll
propensity to consume propension
a consommer iWf^l JI Jll
Jt-jdl Jilj iJt5V»^-^l J* jidi jlJillj J^oJl j.
JVW tSj*-* ■&*■ <»Uil Jj <J»^» jl aJ U _y iW^»}U
4»U;l JJ U j«i iJ^jx-^J ^o^JI Jil L.I J^oJI j.
. J>-aJI J SjUjII jloii j.
<£y—* X» j»--ii L" (^' jU-J^J Ja—_jdl JJLI JXfJ
Jil JS^. UT J!)^^J Ja->dl Jil J^oJI j. a*
J>-oJI J Sal; jil jlai» jp j>-X,_ U ^1 jU-j^J tSO>JI
. iJ^^ ^J>JI Jil
property propriete
&h
U tj^jj 5jL>- J»- ^ *J_j<lill io-Ull j* i;Xlil
J>Jj Oi i^lll J»- jl Jp .4J (jyrfllj *; J-Uj"VIj
333
jl>MI «£k L. <__», a»U- iSM.\ jj& Ji LT ..IjJI
•LAM/I ___aj corporeal ioU 4-&U jjSJ Ji IS
i_yV i£lll jjSJ Jij «LJIj oljUJIj ^1 jNlT ijlll
j^l Ml iJjX M ^1 Jl r MlT incorporeal
. «Wxi«jJI JjjiUJI Jl^j OlpjCjJ.lj OlaljLlS'
real property i^e- iSl. Jl iiQll ~i- oi dd-iT
personal property i^i^W iL&llj oljUJlT
occupation ^>u^i ^j, ^ ^ ^_& }
<~fij>\) possession SjUJlj succession ol^dlj
contract oi>ilj accession Jl^JMIj testament
. preemption iuLiilj
f-lij'i/l J»- ___a_j iJ_ffl Jji>- 4_Sill J»- jp f-J&j
.servitude JU'jMI jj-usage JL*^.MI j». usufruct
U*j" J»" lS*J ^ J>»- J^J' J* £>ii UT
.appropriation ^Uo^MI j*-j mortgage jr'JI
o*j" i/J *^> <3>"»- <=&1' j»- Jr*- £_A ^-^
. privilege JU.MI J_^j pledge ^jUJl
^ijill ^ l,L.. ;) l J»- jp i£»>«ll k_-»-dl jUail /*Ujj
dULJl u_a^ J_JUa_i J'\JJ?i\ *_j»JiLi jU;i ui
. «U* iTjlill i&ll JtiMj *}U)I ji gpyill
property, corporate propriete collective
common property : Jx\
prophylactic measures
mesures prophylactiques *-?^j!' iji***j"
preventive measures : J&\
propitiation propitiation ttejsl/tfl it-Sllsic^l
4^~i»)l i3y OL'ISJI »Liji-.l kjjj,- i^jJj ,j"j&>
PROPOSITIONS, CATEGORICAL
. ii% ^Uilj j-Ijj^I
proposition proposition J > "^
hypothesis : J&\
propositions propositions I; Lai! I
^Jji\ jl JiJl JJUJI U.* y* jkll J lUill
IjLUxJ _j£f. lfr~iJ aiillj tt*jjl il»p jjl ^ytJ jl
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c _5_ ) i>x; i-^i JS"_, terms « jj-bJI » jjjjJtfcil jjjkll
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Jj-jtij L-l M| j/o Mj subject ^__JlI '^» jlj^ii
oUrfJi j* ii^» fjj>yM> ^ — ^_ (_sjjl predicate
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J0>«j ^!l ___» a<si]l j^'cs- lj_i f-Uai ^1 iijkJIj
<W3Jjl l—O J* / ji .,f l" ' jl (^ J^-j ^ ^U-U 4..^flH 6jy^>
IUoaIIj 4]a___-Jt lUiill '.ij^y Ac- 4_aU.ll LUiillj
iiliv Oli">U LUiill J jjJJL-Ij jI^jMI i»;>j
negation jji ^tApj affirmation oL'MI a»">U Ji.
exclusion .sU^Yi i»">Uj inclusion «l_,k;Mi S">Uj
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. implication »_,jlii ji __ 7 ^iJl S">Uj disjunction
propositions, categorical
propositions categoriques
aX^JI bU^ll
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negative iJUjI affirmative i^-_y iJuj- 4_^» JS"
universal UTj singular i^^nJ- ^W^t-y^y ji^l
■ indefinite <W«j particular ~^'fr>
PROPOSITIONS, COMPOSITE
propositions, composite
propositions composees ii'JI.I bLwUll
Oils' jli /Jiljll iwiill JiUaf j£j_j ;l.0„««; Jt
propositions, conditional
propositions conditionnelles Q_r& bCaill
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i~Jui\ \ijei ti-^U- OlL* Jt *d**" l»Ui» J* iS*j»
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Jlill J»>]i_, i^ji jL ^i f jilL ( J^Ul ) ii/Jl
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j» ^^V t. ^»j disjunctive iLiiil i^/Jlj
. iUdl ik/JI ^ UT ULj Lai.
:JL-j_^, ^UuJlI J^illj audi ik/jl y J&,
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. JUllj ^jill j Jj^hJLIj j^ijLl U' JLstl U (T)
propositions, simple propositions simples
2a-Jl LUiil
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ij>-j cjl" <J)i iUiiij subject-predicate Jj**JLij
relational ii^U i-ii ^i JS~\ ji jo*, j, Jit**-
.class-membership iiUi i^iJl. jl«s Jll iUillj
JjUi 1,-ir jl LLiiJI oJU J-U> j» jf Ull j£c_>
334
prosecution poursuites JL>L3ll
j^w»^ij ij>^' ^'^ j^^ r 1 ^ 1 ^i 1 * V-. j, J>'
. LAJU; Jt ji Ju» ^- ji jlj» J*
prosperity prosperity i[?-J\
i-^^ilj *>tr"^lj oUi^l ,^-ljJl j- «i(wJJ
prosperity index indice de prosperity
i»i»;i j£
^Iji^-L i*t»-^l OUUas-'i/l ^ JJjJI li* ^ Ji^_,
JUJI jJlJ ijdl i-JI ,j *.^j jyr"^ ^•l^ 1 /j"
prostitution prostitution
.UJI
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professional pros- *»j»v> ^aJI Oj^J -*»j
Oljl^l J* Ji-w ji Oil^-I j^JI ^j titute
occasional prostitute i «e/ll ^yJlj
. ^iL> J;L1« ,_L> Jj^asJl lii kllJij
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Jo; jlTj iij^O <i Jt i^jkJ »UJI jlT LcjJj
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j>*-j jl iJiUJI i£jU.I j^ j^>«JIj > '^~a!l >w
335
prostitution of the press i«Uwa!i ^
prostitution of talents ^r-?'^ 1 &}
protectionism protectionnisme
ijt^till iUf y-aii
^1 i jUJI Oli!>Ull jw J ijoll J^-o; Jp ^ Jil
£jWI J* "jji-il ^L-JI J* s-' 1 ^ 1 o*J ULiii. j.
a)_^>JI ^^ ^lUij LUw i^sll iL'Ull JJI *U*lj
protective £.£Jl ilfjli-i £ J r* lli vlIJjJj .;l>II a^Jl
Jp i^ o"V-uc ,jijis Jji v.^ 1 ls' tariff
<J>*)l c^-tfl lit SjUJI 4jL»- i_jkJL. jjl (jfcjj IJl»
protectorate protectorat 4*^'
ci^jj tj tU>-iaJI ikLJl Lj ^jU' i-L, 5o».j
■ »j» j^i
«~UI jyBI ^ »lfcjl LU fju.1 j» Jji Ljji cJlTj
^jUjc-MI 1«<u-j; jfl l^il Jll «J>dl i,ijUll *t-ljJ _/*
vassal state : iul3l «JjjJl iJiJl
protestant ethics morale protestante
^uljjjji j^i
Jiljdl jl^tl JjU- ^jjl Max Weber »^ill IJU i-L*
. yi* ^Ul j^l j OjU J)l Calvinism i^rf^ 1
capitalism JJlHjIl : J*!
PROXIMITY, LAW OF
protocol protocole &£$ij&
:oU* «WB ^jall OjiUIl i> c^WVI LU
i.bT liJjallj mUII oUtAJl i^J ^Jl .«J>I - \
.u.uiij suii v bTj jjiiii ^ j, t our >j
l« f^f <£j»«i <^"*" i>jlill oUU- J**** — T
• Ifj J* u -> lijf
(JjiTl Uj oU^jUil i>^j L-fJ l=>— ' i--U_^Li
. jl_yj J»Li J* 4-1*
protocracy protocratie • j i i ir tA 1 i»j^»-
CjvrfiJil ^_^l j. J»J>- LJp jk-j Jjl iil^jjl jl
Providence La Providence
Qy\ iuii
jl>^J JJi^T 4)1 Jl JiJI £"*k*>Nl IJL. JUai
iL> :jij»«i ^ ill *i^j •'^'^jj ^jy^"; i-^*- J*
iLtj JUjf'illj *i iU- ijrwuj iUlJ rflij; «vj ^*j i»\r-
. 5a>- Jp ij JS" jlji"VL> ill ^t*l ,j»j i^U-
provident fund caisse de prevoyance
jU-3>l ji iL»->l JjJiU
rfr^ u*i^' u* ^'^''j*- i l r^r. <^J" flW <; -JU«»i
. Slijllj jshJI v_-_; i40iJI »L^I jl JpliJlT i-*t Jlj^l
proximity, law of loi de proximite^Ju&l Ojitl
tLiNl i— 'jli" jl l _ J iJI it j i_jjliJI jjiLi ' -^-
i-jjUa ti-->JI oUj*jJ.I iiljjl Jp iipLil J«lj<JI jf
JL_.j!I VJ li!l jl UT U/ i; Jp j^U ^IS^I .Ui^i
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PROVISIONS, SOCIAL
provisions, social mesures sociales
social provision : J&\
psychiatric social work service social
psychiatrique f , %-u i£yi ttt^y £u»Jl
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tiwiisjjl Ol>j»wallj <L»|^j>-'Vi Oli^WI «^ij (Jl iJiollj
^L. — ;^lj <_«_£ji f ap au JI oji J)\ ^lJI J-IjJIj
J^jJi *Lftl; •» <;Ui juj j| *>-">U «L!I 1 _ p oj yJi ,»j^UlI
psychiatry psychiatrie'.JiJl Jjall cjiiJl LJall
i-U*Ji olio's/I <*?**!■ *— b J Jj^- i ' ^ i>* fj*
. iJiJl i>wi!l_} il»_Jl JJl—j rrr^y) ^r^*} V-*"^-J
. .Wl ^U\ JI
psychic splitting disintegration psychique
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psychoanalysis psychanalyse <f Jd\ J-UJl
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insight jUa-u-Ml J* -cup. Li Uj^jj Iaj_w» ^^-i'^
J->y>$j . U-ilji^ w>>l <dUJ t/ i i >i!l J i! ^l
/ Oui_JJ j. jfrUil 1jj>j ^1 transference
. ^_iJi JUirl Ji ^U^iS/i
336
psychodrama
psychod
rame
ui^jSLJi
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Moreno
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psychology psychologie ^^iJl J»
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psychology, educational
psychologie d'education ^^' a-^^ (»**
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psychology, industrial
psychologie industrielle \£:^r^ iX*^ (J?
^jL. J^_j JLJl o^^ 4^U;Ml iU<3l LJI'SU.
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337
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ijjJii Qjjii i-ijj j~*s> iju^i ou^ui - r
. 5j Lill j
psychometrlcs psychometrie ' . .A ' J 1 ^USlI
Oljl—^VI Jp JU^j t OULJ-lj i\jSl\ ^J]
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test
psychopathy psychopathie
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psychopathology psychopathologie
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psychophysics psychophysique
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PUBERTY
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psychosis psychose JJaJl ^^ll w jUJUl
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g^'j g^'j ,/tpMlj JUI Jilyllj ou&l JSL.J
. insight jCalj-^ 1 J*
psycho- Lilll iLiil CjVUJI J* jUi iUT jUaJj
^j^™* ij~a* oLL»l j*- f^jlUI jUJI u*^ ^' genie
. organic psychosis '^sjjui\ JlioJl
psychosomatic medicine medecine
psychosomatique [e^^ </^ '- j? 11
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J"^*- J- u^i 1 tiji "^ ^*» -^ £~*f *& o*i^
psychotechnology psychotechnique
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JU-jl,. ^L^!l J iJUVI OU'WI Jp 4^'u;_, ^.iJI
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. psychotechnics t;L^i ^*—,j
psychotherapy psychotherapie '-ill ^y^\
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puberty puberte iial^ll 4 fjfll
PUBLIC
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puberty&i^i ^ jjijjl oU^JJ iu. ^jbf,
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338
public le public
. OLDI J-i»uj a-lj-jjb j_uii ^.jS a}jj ^LiiJij *JLaII
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iit j* Lii JjSc; ^1 social category ~ZcXJ^>i\
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• mass fW j_^-j- : J*i
public authority organisme public iu!1 iL^Ji
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public debt dette publique »u)l jjjJl
i^-ui ijvii oUjioii j^ i i.S/ f wi ^.jii j^.
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t Ub>jJ o'wjSUJI J^ j_^L ^ all ^IjJI fUll ^jJI ^j
J^ii A £S iUiJMI Jfr >«ill ..-JI li* Oij; M
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public health hygiene publique ^UJl ik^aJl
.ijPbJ^I ^"Ijj^e iUb^; *»i>il iljiM tbapj tlj—^-
3jil\jj ifjt^) tiji^i\j iUJI i«l>JI i^waJI J^-^"j
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public opinion opinion publique *U)I ^lj!l
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f U)l ^ijll ^i .yiai ^ jl ^lil f WI ^ijllj
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. Olftbf'^l oOA « Jii U iikiJll JalaiJI ««ij jlS^M
339 PURGATION
public order ordre public »Ull »lkJl publicity publicite J^i^l
order, public ; J&\ jj^iillj ti.Ull Oli^UI JsJlkj j. i.L» iiiij
public relations relations publiques
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h.\'ij\, iu^jir 4 a^J.i fuy\ j;u* ji*uJLi
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• a^L^ 1 <3>*»- J* "^j^. *r^j" "♦j**- J J 1 'rtj^'j
public servant fonctionnaire public ■ ,,
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public utilities utilites publiques ilill jiljli Purchasing power pouvoir d'achat ^Ijjjl sjall
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public welfare bien-etre public ilill Jukli^l t, ; '. ; ... ... ;. .; ;
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PURIFICATION
purification purification
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JjUjil j. iiUj *,U U jl k^J, «f_JLio jl ablution
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( _ r i«j i*.jlf Jj IjjJj^ jyiu (^iilj ^|Vl'^ <_f-£~j j«J'
Puritanism puritanisme
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. jljiMl i)ji- iiljl iilk* ilal,,,.; jjjjl JU-j «-» ^j
purposive sampling
sondage a choix raisonne £•>»*!' ^jl"*'
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340
<Uijl<U £->jZ>-\ If^Jj (j"^ j»l& ii jK> UjL^-1
bl l_^T J;>JI II» Uj^jj _^J J* <£>^" VJ-*
purposivism intentionnisme *~?y""
<.,y^Ji ^IJIS* fcl wi Muli* *J*1-U&1 Jl *>*£ &\} *»l_p
putting out system
systeme de I'industrie domestique »lk-jll #Uii
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Jlj-^. fj* -l"^ 1 J^J -W* J«i« j>>-' Ji^w j*r'jri
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domestic system : jm
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™ - "' qualitative analysis analyse qualitative
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Quaker Quaker j33j&' •Ijfc-Vlj JV-t-Vlj ^j-^dlj —iJlT Ifk-Jj jfliJI
quakers .Ua^VI jSC^llili- (j—ijiw «U> • J^J gj-LJ 1
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QUANTITATIVISM
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quantity bonus prime de quantite
342
quartile deviation deviation quartile
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quantity theory of money theorie
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ji ji>Sfi ^ ^^^^ 0,^1 ^^ ui j-jj a^Mi
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^^>v«iJ jJL i-j ji ^^»JI Jp jjydl Jl UUjb
. Lj-Lt p-'lU-l l^jjj jl J~ p-.
queue queue
Juail
J^ 1
Usll
quarries carrieres
-l^Il
V—! 1 jl>^lj >liJll >J yrUJll JU* ^ycjj
. jtUII
jljL-J.1 IJLi J~iu' ijb"VI io-Uil -^ jjjlUlli I -^.
jl j_*Uall i^-Jjfil^ jl ^^L^^ j^>Jr' <w o">UUll j
«. Sfji fJit S/ji _^w ji JUp^I j v_—^- ^Jwall
^>fc^aj bua>wo ja jj^>-\ J^L— ^ iji sJpLJ *--.^'
quicki strike greve rapide !/-l4U wj^VI
jj>^. uij iJUJ iiUa/j o^wii 5oi JLjJI ^>\jJ>\
U-l»»i»-l jl t^j^l »Lii^ JL*J IOjLt viJJij iib>«^ Ol^liJ
J~JI y^U > LiwiJJj .^"Iiic. J^JI J, Jjr t Jp
. JU-JI i_Jlk. iUM
quisling quisling
*Jjj £1
;/ jf i^LjCj «M iJ"*^ r* 4 -JjUj jSlsi
Li fU; oi i.j^j- J iiljviM
343
iUiJlj JLiA Major Quisling
quorum quorum M^r^ll i»i*flJ J_yliJl >— 'CaJ'
i»w»J tj.?^' ^-jUxJI JJ>«j ^L-l »Uai i-ft j£J
*LafrN' tji^aj j» (^jUJI JjiUll ^jUaJlj .OLiA-l jliul
^Ij3l iJU— J Sat* ^uS/I flkJI ^ikoj JiS/l Jfr
,^1? jj^ia- iUil J»- *_JJs ills- j ji plliJI U» Ji-iiu
quota sampling sondage par quotas aleatoires
QUOTIENT
quota system contingentement ^^a^Jl »&
. iJjjJi ojUJi j-J './■s 5 " UJU- jjAvi^Jl »Ui; jO*j j
SjUJI Jfr i-Jjjill J_j^!l Ja-i£ jl iiljN iljlsv ilj
•jliJI j.f*' " f ^ '-"'./" (j** *^ 3'.)' Cf ^frj^^
. liberalization of trade « ojjli
quotient quotient J~*^' ' i*—^ 1 ^M
' -'»• j . jjil (Jfr J-Lfr i«_i <Ufr J~a>J ^Jl'l Jj!l
jlffeM x-»jJ ratio v-' ->' index JJa «;
intelligence*^ J!i J*»U«r. jjjl-Ai* ^ 4_33">Ui
J- *• — «; ^y^—i) quotient
r ±c~-, } accomplishment quotient
lil~o» 5 i»j!l <i-« (Jfr J-r-LjJNI i lUail ^ i*~ i
. ^ J
race race
ibtUl
j£i ji j«inr ^u- jijj ^Sji uj/j iijU-
OM^Lii , ( «.'. ■/>'} i-Uaj l^iij jl <jji»-UI
(^ lx -i.( lj
racism racisme
ij^ii\
tSjAjR 3yd\ l£i ^L.1 Jp »_ji ^iil jIjupNI
^"IJJ iib« i^Xjl oY>UI ji g;i t ^I^-Sll J»J
^-I^Jl jlo^)ll Jl£il o*-i oU'VI IJL» ^j <. Uoil
SpUA-I jb iU^N/l i^l ethnocentrism
racketeering chantage, racketerisme
o>3!l ji OiO^Ib Jill jl^l . « i^kJl . 4 yjs-jl
0,0,31. ^Ul J. Jill J^_ g;0)l ^ylijl y> ^j\^i\
. ^jj-i^ ,^P JU*l; Oyjii
racketeering, labour chantage syndical
^ J"jUi-I
Jait^oll jl il— ill »L*ii!>U JUxil Jp ^^wliJl luh>
. iliJl lJI>"*) J^JI ^O-U. Jp
radicalism radicalisme ijiifiJi
OtOUMl JjJUa; J.JJI j*/^ 1 J 1 ^^ 1 ^-»- L '
iiUaMl Jljs-NI (^^J ^illij £>dl OjLi \, ij-U-l
. »-i>JJ i_-LJIj i-pt>-Mlj
»UU J aJIjJII jt, jL-JI ^1 iJlS^iljil Jtc'j
radio-broadcasting radiod if fusion jpb^l
J £ Jp »_ji' j^LJL-l Jl^ij'MI JSL-j tsa»-|
c JUajNl J5L»j f^'j c r aa "->' cr* <«-'i^" j^J
j!l Ol i, ^-LU iaWI 5L>JI j. ij^_ N ll> C^-^i
345
►>j ^ dUij jiai ^11 j\ ^uji ^i jr ,>
random au hazard, aleatoire
tyjii
*IW| Jp ^t^l O.JI j ^llt.^ll la* Jjj
v!j«JI I — p-U- jj^. ^Jl £_*JI jU>-l »J U lil jo-
r* — *-^' ^j* Jr*~ ^r*^ l>«->w» }LUj aI m . i .* yr../a."
range etendue
rfjll
£±j>JI J jt^ 1 >-■■■■■ ■■■! ^»L» J* *Uaa-MI j cjall
• £Jj^ J <-J J»lj i^J JpI j liyi 1 J*J (ij 1 ^ 1
£^ki tSail Jt Jjv»>JI J^L-i OUUI O*^- \i\j
class interval ljjJI £i)i s^ J Ja-yll ikiJI
Ja_ol _y» ^allj . UUil Sill iji j ija-^l «l»iJI j-
rank rang £j\\
i_Jlj kiUij jlT £> (£> j* »0»\j •*Jt>^" (£a!l Jjll
U»j i ic-^y^l ^^ Jl ^x3 J}\ (jij^MI ola»-_>l!
.__>■ Olj*-jil ^JjiJ V*^ 1 j' ^ j' ^^ L- 5jA
-L-AJjj . ^^xoJLi _jl Ut>UI Jl l_»ljjl -^ l«jj l^»J
<j iyil iUi ^jjl jf jLl i>-jJj~»_j-JI i»-U!l j* iJjll;
OljjC _jl S_>i!l jl k_>^ r _tjl jl i_>iJlj aj K~*Zjj i e-UJ^I
rank and file « ^_.b£ll lilLil » : Jli j
jit J-l ia ,^1 i-U&l JUp^I J jikjll jU»» *, -'. i^. j
jlSol jl ,ovjJ Jl ?r^»" "^ i ~?jj <ti : .. ; JUpIj f_^5j ^11
• JiJ* 5 V.J X " J 1
ranking system « jjli-jall t—i j; »U>; » j
oU-joil jU il>Sll *UU. Je- ^'121 .IkJI J* iWai)
• J»jU a- 1 -' J* W* OjL-~ (i" ^Jjll jl
rank correlation correlation de rang
yj)i >Cj jl J*lii
\* aLJL* (J Sa»-^l P^fly* tA *L*a>-NI (J i-jjl
RATIO
. ^>^1 olo>-_^! i-JL dAlij ^U^VI iiJtiJil fc_JlJLI
jLjfil ^j^Uail jtjiUall jjSC jl lJU-1 iJl»oj
~ai ^.Li jSO:. V Jll ybl_^!l ^ U^ iLjMI J.U.
oU^ J^i j lfw»j j^t *jl j*e ; 5jj l_»JL»*i j^ll
. i«Ji!l ilotSll ^__^ U_L_
« OUjw» j **J>) (^-ill i_ Jjll j; JsUljMl J«U<j
^»J^j ' Jlj^* ^f. -*'Vj^" i^- 1 * ji- 1 * l/"^' (J* 1 f>*i
Ij^T j.jjiil J Alil—idl «sill i_j"j j_< Jjiil j\£"
(j-SUltj (jjj^il j— ; J»l— JjMI i»-ji cJ» UJ5"
. ^li
ransom ranpon iluJI
ji»^_ll jl 4_U | _^^JJ JU-I 4«iJj (_j-iJI jj^jj^I
. «^»liil (^iUJ «iji j^
rape viol u^j^ 1 **£* . <j\-a^y\
^LiiMlj . UUj j>3 sTjLVj ,3-Jt-l JU;Mi
. woman abduct *J* j&vj V-. ls-^- 1 JUaj'Ml jl V-.
rapport rapport &&I . iiuJl
LT jkUJIj itaUdl Jill j« j>- J < iS'^liil ,J«l»l_jiJlj
jSS'l jl j£-l*>- j iliUll iU«A^MI ilL_>- [f . I .,n.n>
^.jull; ^Ull j i">UI Jp Jiilll la* jUa, ur
. jvjij ^Jci\ JUtl j, ji Vji'j ^ti-l
rate taux
Jail
J.lx.^S' U^ jl j"jlL; _jl Sa>-jJLi U t^ ^Li ifjj
oJI JS3 _^ljli!l »Ja. ijil i~JI ^i oLijJI ji ajljll
. u&Ji j.
ratio quotient iuJl
J ,jijlai» j <r~" 5^«1' t/ »Ua>-Vl ^ i— Jl
^Ij j i_Jl» j'jll j* <i^* 'Ji <J%>- jl j»» Cj_j
RATIFICATION
jjz capital-labour ratio JwJIj JW
»aiwJ.I j-ldl J«ll j, i£l i_»dl JUI ^ij i^ Jl
man-land ratio u^j^'j 01— JNI ijv; i~Jlj
*»-!«-• ijuj jl£_JI ijp j_< 4__JI i_t"%i\ Jl jvi;
J* *— f iji J jl£-JI »V}» L,- ~i Jll ,j*jVl
■J-J"
ratification ratification j'j*^ 1 ; j: ' '" : "
t£-L_*-l jJjX^sj *_ J yrj f"^ jjiUJl (J iaiDI J-Ap
. l*»ji>- ( _ r « jl Iflolt; JUaJ j J^-0 J-* Jc OlkLJI
ii>-y j»M jjJUadl jjSv; pUSI Jj-JI jjjliil Jj
. JJjjll oIaaUJJ
rational behaviour comportement rationnel
J>u[l jl JUi^Jl il>Jl
JVji-vi j j;S^ji jj o^-j u jr j» ^1 ji j^ii
cSJJI iljUl y, j-ijll iJjUlj . jUiVl Jl V Jkll
p ^t-VI iljUl Jj . jkll /ill j-J j. ^
jJaj U-Up 50-ij V-'li Jjj^VI JUil Je- SjU- ^»JI
il>S/l ^a } . >UII o»_y Jt Jikll jjl ^ .v>
. (j«M ij«»j« ijv) <~> O^ajji (^JJI jXili 4 : 5h',ll
rationalism rational isme 'i^Jt ^jfj
OLJwVl IJU (.L^JI J,Ijl1U o^i - >
j jV zjrry j* u Jf ^' intellectualism
. i-U*- J^aL" Jl
-Ui JtaJl; jljUpVl ^UJI Jjldll X^ij - Y
iilk. OilT lil VI 4-i.Jul JUll Jj; (.a*. j*t j,j}\
346
(5^" Ji> u* *iJ&' >t^"j *V-~".> £^1 «kJ
^ ^^ -^j)' J* *V>> Jl J** ^!_»V ^j 1 ^ 1 (i-iH
. jSLf Jb- Jai Jl jjJUl ji £_Ui!l
u— i^i)l L»Uaiif ^Jaiu i*l_ii iJI ^,-iJI it J
i j_yii V JUil jl OLjklsfV <JLJo- js-j Sj»lt IL-I
4-L-jS" i-ijUJI filjJJIj c^L-VI 4»j*» lUJi; &>i.
aj^yii Xp *_ii j*- ijill f-Liol jl t jliJI j. | _ r al9xdJ
rationing rationnement
jLJl /^ji t ^1 £jj]>i j^kj
^jl>JI Olijl J i-jSUil Uii^- J)l Ol.ljj-Vl
. \~t ij JT i ^o, Jj-b»Jj ijj^ail i^xkNI ^iyJ
•I \i£ i^jj^Jl OliUaJI *llaj i«_jS^JI o^j^J
li_j)jju\ J — II ^ l ( . ; . ^i 3^1 1>J zJ&x^j ol.^Taf j ^jLsj-I
reaction reaction Jiill ij ■ iUcli^l
. ^^Jl »Ufri 4_J J(. ^Jl jJISil 4; 3ji u Jf
jiu^-vi ji ijuii ji <Jui ui iUi-vi OjSij
iS~j>^\ jp olSJli j/j J»j . 4»ljlal -b-l jl «-J^I <wij|
reactionism regime reactionnaire
A-^-^il
rationalization rationalisation
i'P - \
JLJ^Ij judl ja xy ijbVI J J-i-^ 11 '. - Uai i
J^i^xj _po *>-j!.l iJjLJl killi _y> jl «iiJI J»-b J~-"->
oL-^^^VI «U^jIa« Ca j^uu ^1^* y-^Ux^l
readaptation readaptation ji< : » oilpl
adaptation : ^;i
readjustment reajustement J*l>ll «il*'
adjustment : JH\
347
RECLAMATION
realization, self realisation de soi-meme
self-realization : J&\
realism realisme V^ty 1 ■ J^j>^ *-Jull
jUp^i ^^i ^m jijU j^. ^iji ^^jii
. Jj>- J>»-j Li ^pj iiJ>S\ ~aUU jl ^j JjMI
i^JJI ol—*:'NL !_»Jll IJL* jjU, AV^I Jp J_,
4_pLJ-Ij iil — Sillj »»iJ.ir iiUiJl ~»Ull jl ^jj
. irtljjl 4>L)I
nominalism '^^1 ^ijll l _»jll Ioa J,lij
J J J.U. Mj :>>» Jip J ^U J53l jj.1 jl JLi gjjjl
. ^iiiiTy. L_»- j. jtjUJI
jLJNI >i\j i-iljj iijUt> ^ c_oNI J ioiljllj
*— *^L<? (J P^^-Sj T""C*i (^ *»"jdjj 4_jL>- jl j^ojj
reality realite «Slj|l . jjL&Jl
j!l ji i^' ii J LiLiS"! ^_ J\ JUll .V i^jj
actuality UiJI ^p realism i«»lj)lj
jl JL>NI JliJl ^1 ^j-^jLI Jj>-j)l ij^-NL -Uai jl
j;> jp Ud £_*; iSLU iiimr i J*i)l Jl jl5l.NI
. iT>JI
(i <<_ iljll Ijl. )) ^~iJI Jr^-" i-j-*-* J JLi>j
oU-U- fLil i> j^aij reality principle
. «ilj!l *» Ji'jJ' Slply *. i^j-io!' O 5 ^ 1
pleasure principle « siljl ij_» » *Lli j
-i»-L Nj ijijill ^^^J' x* 1 ^ 0""^* ^V*! V^-iJ
. SjyiU ^iil ojLpI (J
reactionary movement
mouvement reactionnaire *frj^ aT^JI
i^LJI 4— -LMl Cj\jjC$\ Joy ^il ^s 4-*>-JI Cj^JI
.J,UI JiiUM J_J1 Jl Jj«- L_~ iiUsMlj i>\cV^J
j. liJ ijP^NI JS'Lill Ju» jl jjOiju jjjjw-jlU
^LLc' N J!l ^Li-l JU; Jil iWjiy.-dl J SJL1I
. iUi^l i.jS^- Ulp jjJOj; —-'I US' i^ g\
. jliiUM j» j^-ljT J iJL. jK"l jjjjw-^llj
reasoning raisonnement
Jttl
JN-u-NI » : JLi j . UUll iL»JJI oLLWI j^i
Lailj^ L»jvJ iiki^« «L» j OLL* Jt aJNjJJ II (Jjioll
Jj^ U JT Jp Jliaj «»«lj Jj« ^j»JJi . i-L« *^j^-"
y 4-IanJI OLLj«jl Ip ^a\s^~ ^.W'.i J«^ vk**}
. Lt i>x^ Jl Jj-3jU JMo^-lj J^j p»~J J-L/f) £>~
i, ,
rebellion rebellion oLa«!l .ij^JI
jljjl i^>JI J~i~' ^yu jlj»MI J» i-JU- jy"
irjj Jl j>ji iJi» J_^_ M jS3j U ^N J^U^/l ji
. ijTjLi ^jSUJL a^ikNi
recidivism recidivisme ijiJl
*j lf~— o tjlj- *ulp ^>->»-' 4C j>- ft II L9jii jl jA
^jUJI ijxll j^i L. "L—i i£j>~\ it.jT ^-j^jj' >i| J ^* J .
. »U!I jjnil jAj li SjjU* jl
reciprocity reciprocite jiib iUull
£t>^l > > ^j ^ Jiib U.ULI Jii! Jjo
jT/i» jtTI jl !>^-i jw ^jJjLdl J«iil jjj Jjiiil Jp
V-. ry". ii" C>»Ji «iaj L_>y .i^^Ni oii*>Uli J
. <l'Ur i£ ' j>~ j^\ ^j^. .Li Jl ^Ux-iS/l -^i
J oljLil Jt iJjilill jkJI ijj-j j^ Jiiill JjOj
o-L* jJp ^j^j Ji) oLj>j-JI LftL>«^ (O^'j^ 0^ *— ^}^
. oLiU-Nlj oIaaULI J iUUll
reclamation mise en valeur des terrains
5jj0^x> jl jjjl ,_yflljNI j* SjUi^MI 5jLj i;Lp
^■jUx^NI IJi J.l$3l jjJiI jwioj .Lp-">L»b j.b-^1
. i.j^il jiljllj jTUL Lii ^IjSll -bj>"
RECOGNITION
348
recognition reconnaissance jjji\ t«Jyc!l
jyJiSl ^j^A\ illjiVI j» ^tJI Jp OyCil - \
. oj»u iiWlj
jp 5jlp recognition method O^cll <5jji»j
ijfljll Sji l _ r -L~aJ ^,-iJI lp J pJ»^-j" V.j^" **j^
lUOj j»; *a v_-lk> J jji Jp .LtMl j. «p_>^* ^yu
. UjfJb jl
JUj .4. JLdl j*t m .^Jl, jl^^l - T
tjlj^yi precognition of a child jiUl, ^*\'j*p
employee social jdijU, ^t»-Vl Jji^Vlj -c^yi
• i*t»-VI «sl£. jjo*; t^l recognition
•XxU JJjjJl .jljrf.^1 JL, v-LJI i^-Ull j.j
jl£t v-iSL. !j;3 oi a c u a>ai j«, ^jui xr ui ^i
reconstruction, social
reconstruction sociale ^^*?")' , C^"*?'
social reconstruction : Ja\
recording enregistrement J'-,' -)i
i.j»JI jl J»l£jl ^j£ ^jx. ^UJ IjLw J~*-JI jjiuj
... c" J-ll ji
recreation recreation T^.i'j^
.jlat ^JJl ^>JI ilijl ^lii _^ ^1 jp c _,j3l
~<a-Xi J «-lji Olijt J «-jU j «yU>-l j****. ijiH
. £b^lj tUi^, 4,'lil J yjiij A»*l>3^ J^j Jis
OMjilj yo—jllj i-iLjl J»liJI lj» St.! j,j
. . . jJI iitiJI
recruitment recrutement XiiJll t jlyVl «!*■
oLkil ji oLpU^I L^JI Ut JJI U^JI
JUaJ^II J;> j. ^JJij U ,U*i Jp J^JU iUsiJit
• J 51 -^ 1 j* ^s*3 ^J ^^^
jjiJI jl/yi xz£ i;L* Jp WjJI JkiUI f J
,>Ji-J j* tiUJS'j i ySs—oJI i«JiJI ijtJ ijw t— j_y>i-y.
. J.UI ^Jj-i ^ iHj^U >'.Ipx-i ^ji>Ji
recruitment of workers Jllill j*iiiJl : Jli_>
j»> je- JJi, J*«li ^UJI ^U^iVI uV- 1 cs'
J_»U1I ji JLJI ol-Ui jl- o"5UVI ji oub>JI «_Jl£»
... jjl OlwUrO
redemption 1 - redemption
.IjJVl t ^^UJI - N
salvation : JH\
2-rachat Jlxi,Jfl t jli'jwVl - T
reductionism reductionnisme JuHjatVl ipjlll
ji UwJI OlftUl' JJUJj vl*JI g*L- Ja__J JJlJ
jp\jit\ Jp tiJJij lO''^'j OljjliJIj i_r*Jj*" <P^~*
. j*Ui!l J iiki^ jj& Ji tjjsil i^lt Uil J^j j*\Jii\
jj—jJ oVjUJlI CJx ijW »J* 1 _ r »L-l Jpj
. iuiJI JU. voliJI c? 1 ^' kj^if. i^lrf-^ 1 j»'jlill
re-education reeducation j*^ 1 *&]
jl 4U^< ^P k/JJI }jib\ i_;jJi ojlp^ tlllX Idii
O'jJjq! 1 »• ^— .Li U |»;X— * J»»p <;Ji <-il<^ ,j» ^.j-X
. i-~*\^ J»P »bl Jp «jjJ i-i^il
Oblp ^JC ( 5-iJI r'W 1 J JW SjIpIj X<*i UT
s_JUI ^ ^/a^ j> Jp J-Jlj «d.Lw Jjtj ^.J 11
. i_>JI v_JuSlL UlXi-lj wjll J>JI
re-employment reemploi ou remploi
j-. o^ip Ju* y ^ixai juji jui u^p
ij; iJUJI »j» (^ S^UJI ("-a^'j ilidl j-ij ykUiil
349
ii\s- «j j.\j,_ «;i VI ij;j>- J»* jiJ s'udlj J.UII
. j;Ul j»-Sll jp xoJui jjj-Vl Ji V ji
reference group groupe ae reference
xjj*j j ojUl jjiii lji Li, jit ^uli a
OjXj jN r-t=*«i J' Jj^ *^>-_P 4*U»- <w 0>-jdl j*
aspirationall^J^liJj^lii^laJiU*-^ «-ll>-iJUAj
i^U- ^U. U Jll «pUA-I j»^ reference group
■ ^*jj J* U?i J* J* Jj^i j'
negative reference JlLll ilu^il «-lli-lj
^-i^j l»jul*» J' *jj&\ Ja^ m Jil ipUi-l j*j group
. <u»jUj jl «-<aijj t_»_j^. \fj f>-yS LjtLiJ
referendum referendum *_Ji£jl •!vr'-i
Juk> J 0^— jll ^UpSfl LJI UX J\ *l_-j!l
jl .L*jll Wj»->II i-L- Jp ^Ij^-VI jl Jj-UaJJ
if** 1 . 'J' o!** -y**4- J& •ti-MI Jjjk jpj . j_>li»ll
i»-jA\ o%o«u!lj jjuoj-l jjL-ail Jp jjJiyaJI jj^i; »U.
. i/lill iy&l _^UjJI Jp
(jjlyjl :Jl^ J »Ji«A__» ^jU^-VI ttiu»Vl Ul
■^ J^ i£>W^ »Uii-Ml JUai J J^JJ V J)l
referral of workers orientation
des travailleurs vers les emplois disponibles
Jiiii jQl g^j
L,- jjJUiLl jXWl jUj L> ^Jufe^JI ,_;!£, -U
REFORMATION, THE
controlled referral ^j— JU ^-ij- 1 : J^.J
Owo J-Ji i-^ 1 ^ f'J 11 ; (#**. ^ f^ 1 <> ^i^jJU
. 4^JiJ ^ijU J.UI
unconfirmed l l5-^ll; jj»j 'J ^-r 1 ^ : J^-J
^jy^j Jl-Ju l» out>JI <— £• Jb fJp i^i referral
. JwJU t»»ij ji j«» ^ill JL«dl
reflection reflexion
>U!I
^Uaj \-XiyS^) tLiV w ii»l_>; 4»j«i J*-*JI *^rj>
reflex act reflexe
^r^ 1 J^ 1
jl ^j*- j-^»p V. f>»; v-^-* j^ 1 ^— ; ^j»-
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collectives *#»»JI Oljjiwaal
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domicile : y*l
residential care soins residentiels
If".'." ^11 uL. »JM J ij^-iJU »Jij jJI iLJI
ij>ujir otusi L >y i>j! u»Sh y Vj^i' kjiui
... jjl JUl^lj (jvUlj
residues residus *-*!*'>.? '
wijii £=-; iii—i)/i oU-jJij JijjJi j^ «*^
oi j*c. ysui J* ij>ji j, ij^j oiiu^vi.^.
. ^Ull t UjN ^JSQI j*»dl js* N iljUl j. j>!l la»
(O* U.ljJ ^fc2 iL-j «£]j Sjjj* ^ v_-IJIj
jw> js. ^.\)\ oir r * j,j ^H\ ^ijji ji 5j;>ji
356
«j_^ _^kij (^.S/i ^ijji J»* .U>-1 j* J** *;N
. <kJLi»>JI ^jj-* 9 j^
resistance resistance
,uii
i»j
i«jUli j»j passive resistance «1L i.jUU jj^; Ji j
non-violent i^J' ijUllj Ja^Ji Jt fji V Jll
. jjLcil ^aij ^1 resistance
jAf-. killJo j jjO^ll jo/T Jl ji jy ^]\ Jl jj«i^!l
. JJ& J!l JjJ.1 ji ijiil oUj^jll jj^Jl
coercion j^iii : Jill
resolution resolution
itUiJi jp jiColi jtyji - \
• L^ie-MI Olj^»l iJ*!; Oljl_^!l jJ-v<aJj ijw fy-ey
• *— M" 1 ^rx'j oJj ^i t*-!! 1 liLr'
>JI - T
t^'i^i Jl jS^i UUuic. JU, ^1 iJUll Jkil J
i*u^i j jii!i j* ur .M >j> j; »!i ji
.deduction
resources ressources j j'>'
oUjll «jj Jii »UI »w> ti i>jj^-il JJl—_j!i ^»
i^Jall jl lJI i^.vJa jjljll jjSj Jij tiiliiJl V 1 —')''
L^' J 11 i/-> V 1 -' 1 kJj^" Ji jl iV. ^JJ ^ >/
Jl >j ti^.j o£j Jij iXaJI jl ij^JJI lolilla J
8J ^* i>* fj* }f > ikij^ai 0>J liiJI Cij)l J Ji^'
SjJJj t "J I i>-UJ) i...,. , Jl jiU ijljUJ V-^j" f\?^
JJI OUJjJIj »UI SjJJ JJ UjjJj 3*y Jjljll »J*
sl_~»ji ~u» jk SjjJi jj» UAj ip-bi (j (►♦-;
. ioUi^l
357
allocation 1$*- jy_> a_»-1=;N* jjUU .iJi^J i^i^Jj < . ;
*_»_» 5^5" i^i iitsJl olkUJi jv of resources
r^^' J «l j ^>*5»J.I J*- Ojii Jjljll oJA »ljiw«il
response reaction i^- 1 ^ 1
i «il ill Oj£i J_i il »«i-Mlj t (jw jiil *»wi
non-cooperative £L j 1 cooperative response
. response
overt response s^-jl t *-2js^L>\ : Jli j
. j-ij^NI *k-lj, «Jb-*. j& ^JJI iljUl >»j
i_,l»w<l <>> covert response ij+~a* ^W^-'j
• JJ>^' W! J^i V ^ J*
responsive leadership* C>?... »SC» »: JliUS'
iW J *«S\~I J^"j iljiSl OU-Uj-1 ^Uj-VI iii
. iJU-U; UJLiJ' Jl ^jJj I? oljl^l
responsibility responsabilite QjJti
iJjll Oji-il Uj ^1 J* ^bj jjjt y^ »>l »ljdl
iJiUdl iJji-ilj jAR ol Jm j* jL ,£i!l ^SUT
•UjL-ilj eJLiJ j jw»ill jp jl »ljdl Jjii *Jp j,*- liwj
i»J>- jl <C jsf ^>jju> A* <o_ji<JI /«Jjj i»*«ij *JU*-I
social responsibility i*£»-Vl JJjt-ll : Ja\
restaurant restaurant Jjall
jvjJj .-U*- jiJjjUi »U1j!I *j »Ji ^JJI jl£U
RETIREMENT
restraint, social contrainte sociale
social control : ^
restrictive practices pratiques restrictives
S*& JsCjli sJjly
y j-b'^l ^yi^" J* J»«JI ^<Uw>i ^i~ Jlil
JjU-j . J«!l J J.l^)l J»liJI Jii f J* J* JLwJi Jli-I
. ^ i^j J*! > >^l J.>ll f lPjl J;> JT ^
resurrection resurrection uJJt
IT^J «?-jj t-i J~"j J-A-l kljw >i-*- jlUll .Ui x>
. ^Oi^l oliJI jl Sal«JI Jl I"
;.'.....U ji A^Jl^jjj jS^iil .U»-l ili^Jli Jual US'
retaliation represaille ^i t 4Ui ^iV 4JuliU
«*Ujf jljii J*-lj jl 4J l J-r > £»jl Ji *j& f^ 1
?)Lf «J* <jj ^ j^ 1 ^ ^ j1 ~- J-r^ ^^'j
. jJl jjlj ^wll ,jJl Iju:.
blood revenge : jl»l
retardation, mental retardement mental
jfti jjtisii
^ji-j: Uj-L» uwtfi *~lC» jl ijjj* V** ^^"
ijJill ^ jJas^ jj*»» mU U*i-<»ij 4»\S"a]l jy j«»^
SljU Jp ji ^1 J*j ^ilj ^t^Mi u^dl >
. .lij-MI
JJl, Jjii £ > JS^I ii-tj JlB^ **-: ^lUl
Jj>"J Jl i !- L,J, ^k" 1 j*- 1 ^ JliiMI «Tj»- y w
^U^i .j* v*i ojbjl jij fUW JjU-j ^U jTui
5l ; il JU^ilj jjil y Joi i*»Uj JiiJbJI i^j^/l ^
retirement retraite
JAlill
it- n j V j> I(i Jplill UjJi jJI jj»Jj
J»j> ^jli-j US' .iijU! v-^li Ji" j-JI »J* ji t>
RETORTION 353
. t.
J~p 5L»- »jl <^i)l J.UI ^t'-VI Oj-fcil Jii Jjitj revenge vengeance jliJl
. Ulf (jOpU; LILm JjLi jlj ru}~>) Jj*j 01 iL.IT . . .„ , - -ii m, 1-
■ J C-^~- J J~- jp ^| gjj ^1 «jp £j g;a!l i>II f U
retortion retorsion jib ij\ y 1*T j^-^ t$iMl '-iA w -Jj j^ 1 'i* J v— 1 -'
1 -1 n 1 1. ■ <-i. • 11 M, ,• .retaliation utile ^jVi ilU. » 5J U— J jUi
J~*. Lj»JU»c j If L.U tj&z ^ytl iljj j. jju» J^p revenue revenu J>-a)l
*! L'lr
" income : _^l
re-training reentrafnement i»«j)ju!l sSLc-l . 1
' reversion reversion Lf"*"" ^s*^
i-j!>UI J»jUlj OljLjil Jp Jj*»J1 Oo,- sriJ-^ 1
, U *>-\>- f-\iju\ xs- If'li \« i_i iL»- j— iJi «ip j
. -%*\ j.u -ojj, oir ^jji LwOi jp jit Lp .bSi . . ' . ' ' •"
training ^.jjdl : >l ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ y ^ _ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
retroaction retroaction »-j)l i^^ll i-^ 1 »jU1I iUi-MI j> \*y j>H Ji>« villi, j
. oJULI i»UU
Jp ij^dl jl JmII jtl y. ^1 ^ ^ ^1
jJMI Ii* Olf lilj JJ j, i_j&. ijj£ _,! Jw» jTi; revisionism revisionnisme ;'„°a : -li
retroactive facilitation « ^ J*- , ^ U * ^ ^ ^ .^ ^; ^ o> ^ .^
retroactive ,^;^, j h V* & { W ui -^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ jU] ^ ^ ^
^ ,/ jl J>j. OL-J ^ ijL-* y^ inhibition j^,^ J; y^, ^ Ju ^ ( ; ^ ^ ^ ^^
. Jj j. j>JI «*U j^j, ij\ji\ UjUji J.J .JtjJI JL^l.1 Jl T U^_ V
retroactivity retroactivite i^l i^-j ^ y l ^^
iS\JLM\ 3jy!l jji^; J^ Sj^li iJli^Jl JiJl ^Ui J i.Wi
Ji j>ii >p ^i y ^Uji j\ j>uii >i Ji y» . 8 i/i y ,uj aiji 0^ to-
tjy\yi\ ijVJ .•-** »J>»1I iJ_yU)l -U-ljiJI j^j .^^1
Jj o^ jjtfj J,, joj^ jjili j_L; jl_^. .jp ^1 revivalism revivalisme e L^)|l ijj
• ^J*** ,JIj -j-'-» *j^ V-l jp SjLp ^j ij-L>Ml o^^i JlSlii j^i
retrogression retrogression jSfo\ . **-\ji\ *- , ' w ' .' ' * > ><? ^
regression :>Jl iiUl i^L>Vi J5Ui)i
revelation revelation ^.jjl revivals, religious renaissance religieuse
iLi^ji yP 4J11 ^uii y ou^i Jii oii JJ+ ii '^' t1 ^)' 1
j^ii ji Jil OVSC-I 4^»j!o, jLcpVI ^ ^jU-.j . iitfl SjU^I ji ,/UL.l ^U*JI j.,^t; Jll i^jjl oL.jU.1
Vl£ii .WVl li* iiwj jU^I JI *, i^WI SjJ.1 J-*- j>- j-} j\ ^pj j. UlSlii Jbi^. J^U^l
359
OjSj,
revocation revocation jjill - \
JJ <tU-l»J J* >_jji_jll A) r-j£ ^Si^ *'/^' "-J* - "
<. iiL>** *-^l^ (J OjiUll <J <ui>Jl *a* ^ ■ lW t .,.,.7
lil SJUbUli .UJI J_,jJI jjjlill J Jli LT .JlWtfl
revolution revolution sjjjjt
^jj^jjl »lkJI J ^aj Sjjill JJl-jN «J | -^- 1 J fr 3 X>
J3 V ai J)l Ujvpj 4-JJI_j iilillj i^LJI OljJcHf
social revolution iU-^Vi u^ 1 : ^
reward recompense *lji«Jl '^'i^' - elsV^£l
Ol.Jj- jl JL^I f^f Lj i>»-il J^ilJ^Jd »l»l£ll rCS.
Ji\ SlilSil y ikljU bonus iUf 5jU jlk-j .5jbc
sJL» J* jiki reward iUf Ul .oiU^ll If-U- J-t-*
bonus : jW
i^all jUV «ilJill ^.oiJI A* ^ wjI_^1L, JUaij
1,-Jp oiiji ^1 iUyu-V Jj>*»- ait jyJI "ul*- J-oxj
. wil^jl la*
J* reward v'j^' ^-^ Thorndike J^.lciJ
RIGHTS, VESTED
r ein- j| jii 11 i*-^ L»o— Pavlov jU Sy»Ui!l »j*
.forcement
rhythm rythme £1*?' •^ , ^ 1
. JJi\j 5UJI
a^aU social rhythm i/^-^ 1 j^ 1 J^.J
JUpIj j*-Li<j jl^iM ijjJ "~*i «J-i»y ^^ o' ^
OltLi-l "^ j fc /*" la>- V.^* ^' *u\^*
J^-jll Upi «u£_ Jll SjjII ^! rhythm method
right droit
JiJ'
. »«j>J.I la* jj,** «. Jij l_c, £j>AI j» «-U>JI jl
<J i>»LaL Ui»J i-M JU*l; ^Uil* J> *">.->-'-*l ,j*»»il
. j_^U]l l^; *—*J«i
1 /-^j J^j natural j^ 3^ J! J**" f*J
JUNI *<v> jp n'iU 1 >» j^ 11 J^'j .positive
. ij^sli obi*"., *c<\\ joijili
social rights £pI^»-^i J^»»«- m : jliil
rights, vested droits acquis k^aSX\ JjMI
Jijj ji Vr-Uo IjJL, ji JUJli ^iUf ^» *lb J Oj>"
. a».i— • jjiU J-J* ^*»v **->^'
cf. conflict of laws
RIOT
riot attroupement
jftb J*J[i #i&\
. J^l SU*J i*-\JS
risk risque ije\j*].\
^/>j& oVt»-l ;»U!I ULv. J 5^>U»» <JS\j .i./ij.
Jl Sjli^U ^UaVI > J j^l fJ^j .SjUiJU
j&j ciL-iJI jJlrJL _^dJ iLilT ^ iXLi y^z 3U-
360
JUS )\ *u mJ * 9\j* J| ^UJi v- 1 *-; j' J&j
i^l^l jl SjjJI _jl 5_jlJ«il "Ufr Jji' jl j& US'
conflict f- 1 ^' : ^
robot robot j^i jLJ'tfl
JU*NI
fy.
^/jisV ^
s>udi oliisU ^_, u ju*vi ju-j ^Jikj
jf ~r ^il olyUll jf l*jU^L risk premiums
. i5lj.il »jj~oj *-•?«; U^>j'bJ jjSvJ V Jl_j .wU*-
social risks i^UyVl jtlill : ^k;i
rite rite
J-&'
i/w. isJs oli LJp J»jUi. iJSsi JU*I j\ Un-
social rites^-Ui-Vl j»>il»!l: Jlij .^U-f-jj i^y
initiation _,J,£3l ^-y&>> birth rites j^Qi ^.jii;
j^Lli w *.jil»j puperty rites j-jD ^^^ rites
religious rites £Jo!i w -jJW^ purification rites
. passage rites jT^i j^ ^rj&j
>{ K' ', •-
ritualism ritualisme j-yaJl; jl*JI -i-~akJl
jp 5jU ^-jiJaJl; jU!i ji Robert Merton j^. :
^1 ^Jl-U^l J^l 4J ^rfiij, ^3jil\ Ji£$ ^y fy
«>xj jl /^— ; V *ilj j*i *^~ *- ijliil ./y.^' L»j-**»J
<^3})\ juUllj /v~«JIj JUiJ^I J J^_ i lji-i>J J
jjjji jdtj iJjijjb^i ol* Ji <o J^j; l^i ^^ J) 1
Sjjiil i^lll i^'jjil ij*a!l Utf-y «^_ jt J iJUUI
jS'j* Jl «ij-#_j j jl o-lf ^ jl£», V «;i ijj . ^UJU
liJJi J.UJI j. <u»^_ ^.ikJi JJL-jJJ «!li>i jli Jpi
rivalry rivalite .jjUl'
•j^lJl ^j-i Jl Jj««jJJ oUUj«- jl jIj»I jjv i_iL«
4,,/i^i Jl fifrj robot i^-JI_j i jLJ^I l^ »ji ^!l
JU*L pLillLi 'vjw»; klLLij JjjIT U^S" i^-^, • J
. i«i>U- ^j jjSJj ,Lap jf*£ Jl r^»«^
rochrematics rochrematique
iljll iS'jv- Lt\^ i *j\ȣj)\
/»1>JI Ujjlj* jiUa« j^ tlXjl «LJI >_jL_II i-Uf-
i_i)U>j SjUJI * j^A* (U-ij. j >^U^' ^■ ^" ■ " ■^ JJ ^ij~»j ^j*-
Je ^jkjj t>lSo. flkT i_-U-Sfl J;j-JIj jrbVl
l^jLutsjj iwUaJI ^Uj oLUn ijv ^a^kU ISUj]I US'! jU^>-l
role, ascribed r 6le attribu6 ^jj^ 1 jj^ 1
«-jL JUP jl <CjVj X« Jikli v^ j ^jjl jjjjl j*
j*jJI J»"'y J' ^ -i/ 1 ' f' j^-^ 'jj-^ *-■" fc-
jjil jIjjVI jli viiiiSj iikj« oLoiji jjCi iikiJ.1
i;JJ )\ <LJt5^- apU»- j j_,ill <£j>*a» ^»U.I k »ji
role, prescribed role prescrit w2ui jjjjl
ipj^if j»j . ijlill jvjUII jOjo^J fjJi\ jjjJI ja
j>^' iJKJ u^ jj-^. fj* j* i«ijdl iJjUJI frljil j^
. jjjjl IJU; ivjUJI iJjLJI JjO^ J^J^I
role, social role social ">U^!-);i jjoJI
social role : _^i;l
361
role conflict conflit des roles jfift plj<?
Jjdl j_jjj.li »Liil ^j jyill l^lli J» _Jll i_,«^aJI
role playing mimodrame jjjji WJ
sociodrama . Jil
romanticism romanticisme f •° : 1 'jJ"
Jfr JUJIj iiUII jtlill i-..U?j 4a_UI v_*-_> ijjjU
J5U.I i-iJUJt jkJI i^j j, i—iUjjJlj . jkilj JJJI
ilip^lj ' j^<» ,_/*•* I (,} jjoiil ijlllj i^J/ill oMjll
classicism ^L-^l i_JCjJll J_lij
routine work travail de routine
Ji_j i«li::» ofj Ol»l__^-l J jj-j i^JJI U«il j»
routlnlzatlon, ecological
routinisation ecologique
4pjIj^>i 4jJ>
«Ui Jli;lj J-Ji jTUI JI ^lil jTUl __y jlSDl
. l^.lai^-1 jlSU J) l+>-tjl jl£« j»
rule-making etablissement des reglements
V-U- JjJ-adlj jJljllI ilj*li i*a^J.I ikLJI .Li
ikLJI »j> ik-lj; l*jl-U>l J i-LiJl ikLJI ^j-Jj J.
by-laws njijlji •. Ja\
rumour rumeur j^U^l
vUJij ii^J.1 U&l. SjW l /\ JI _j*^i _y JiUi"
. jJUalJ S-LTI jsjl* 1 viJJL* jj& ji jjj
RURAL INDUSTRIALIZATION
rural belt ceinture rurale jjt^S JlkJl
greenbelt : Jii
rural development developpement rural
*jL)\ £»»i
^>- JtsUi-ij <JuJ1 J»l (jv ^Ui-I J~Jd iUl&l
«^j_j ot>^ill_j oU-UJI JjJ»^j Oj£j kH! i *V"jj
<**JJ i-ijjll i-il cf-»" JJ (JJl^ ^1 wljJlj JalaiJI
J*. J«Jlj ... jJI j^JUdlj ys— «!lj ^UaMI tfijs-ll
(Jbjll Jjlj* Jfr j^"VI il^Ml « ^-1^1 «j* j_ij
<-«^J! 5jf»-l OUJ>- Jijls J*- ijljll »j* 5X1 — «_j
. i.jSUjJ iutll
rural exodus exode rural
iLj\ sj^ji t '^ji jjyi
lc tjjiU ttjJil JI <Juj!l j» irlall 5j»*il j»
lJuJI JlSL- l^JI ^Jif ji J* U1U. JwO L,l> j. U.
Jl« 1UJI OL^j- jiA< aybQail «Oa C_<^fc -liJ_) .1,-. Ja^l
5ibj j.asJI JI LJuJI Ja JjiaJI J^-lj* >l w ^J
J*>U^wil_j JjL«il (^ji- • w> ^Uk-'l_j lJjjJI jl^-» iitS"
. iij^Ji wUiIi jjj; i— -— < <*s^ ^kj^ oULa'i
J**" w"*j* "'i-J V**'' •J J ^ 1 J >-jJJrl J^ly^ I- 1
. i«Ull oUj»JI jijlj iu-lil t\yj>\) iJ^jdl ___;_»: . rU^jlj
rural industrialization industrialisation rurale
J^aJI_) J-jJJ »JjJL>- l)l_^il jvrd ^ "-J'ij'^ 5 j*J^'
j\p^l SaLj; iui_JI OlfUII SjU iijjJI j*LJj
^JU-S/I --^; jL; iUj^lj jwJI .lO-lj J»^l J^_JI
. oil J* OUjUJI «^>wJj ^j«jy^ 0"}L^~J j^yi .<ujJI
RURAL POPULATION
rural population population rurale <ju)\ J&L
. I/L. ^}UiJ v-ljjll ^/tfl
rural social work service social rural
^ij^ll £fUa>-^l &&JI
i-JI J?»»«J J] ^i^ 11 J *^t»-^M i»J>JI ^JOf-'
^0jfi\ oU_ji_. J^j^'j -^ — Hi\ i.o>- J . $... <; ! J«-
rural society societe rurale
fJiL^ffj i\*}\) ^j^l ^^» -^ »-W\j s ^/»*»*^ ij^J^'
«*i>^U) JilJUS" ojlt iv**j lillc^H ^jLm»j <lj\j\jj*i\
ijtljjll ^J^>JJ i__J o^k—j ^i^l >mJ>Jl1 _^jj
362
^rJl^JI j> iJU- *>\)-^.> ^-J' JlC-JI JjJjJLj
lJlj»JI JJLij jJ^-UJI rj -dl., j~JI ^Uj j*\rf-1M
. jl£jl Xt- J^j\ } ^-ijll ^^N 1
ruralization ruralisation yiiJI cAj>"
^^>Jkl J' V^^r 1 ' OU»S»JlI JiljJ ^>Up ^i<i>u Li
j>yrl$il l^llj 31 iljLJI J.lx'1 ^l>. yjj i^j^*- 11
Jj jS^Ljil «Yj» JAfr jlf Ijlj .S-iJI jklil _,» jyoliil
^JSSsJ ,J>>£ ) U Jb- ^1 aJ^w* <U«*» j^-~ju ^Li l^r-^"
. j-a>JI iilij jy'L; »jlij jl <Jij j!l J SJjUI -i!l J,*
ana. rural transplant
rurbanization rurbanisation^naiJV ^j" £.'.£*!
A-i^il »IjJLi i
Otaijil ^jjiji^Ji jklil J U>.j^>& jl£-JI jliil
;Ni_y^. jkL. jj&i *is*>& >UI j;
sabotage sabotage
Jntiy ivJj«s)i
^U; jl>Vlj Ui> J*M JJ«; J»a,. odiM JiL
u>^-Vlj t r »« ^UJlj J»Uil J* ^ j>- J-JI
. Ojjiai y* ^ii-i ^)i ^i^u j.
ilMjJJ social sabotage ^^rj <-~>.}~ : J^.j
.£_U;Mi JJLS Ji w UJi ^u^i oUfi J*
sacred society societe sacree
jlj>J iijjill ^-uloll ^ ^^T *J Jj«J ^JJI A»i«JI
JiJij jjjtH J ij-Jl i.jli. iUiTj i*t?-Ml ilijii
secular society jtJLii ^UiL ijUlX
sacrifice sacrifice t^ii 1 ^ -olijil'
offering : ^i
sacrilege sacrilege ollui£l .f-iJi
wT^-^J ■^^ , **>>- ilL,-^ 1 J 1 iJiJJL 1 J ( "il *a~aiw.
5 > A 11 5 .III U J ,-*»JI
sadism sadisme
j—. !^£i ^mvj (J-"^" kl*LJI ^ Ji-J jl u&Lj
jjJJ v-^ 1 S 1 -^ 1 i> >.-■■' ^»lj»^MI JlSlii
safety, industrial securite de travail
'^UoJl jftl
industrial security : ^laii
salary salaire ^.jjfr :y>-Sl
i^JJl JwJi jJi; Lp ji Ui J.UJ «J»_ r a ; U JT
iUij J& salary rate ^-Vl ii SjU- _,>'_, ..o .^i,
salary ranges J^yS «;i ji .^jj,- jj, . .jjUijIl j,
J& Jut J\ jyr"^ >^l J»Jlj JjSfl a>Jl JjJ^J
salvation salut w ^*^l'
Salvation Army I'Armee de Salut ^^>Jl ^^-r
■>' o
iJl ji JoJl ^-iSlI JI>1 s'u. Ly* ji
SAMPLING THEORY
364
•lo-NI J ^j-)} J-^yl '<***£ UU vi-»- \A-\o
^Ajf J—n; Uj vl-fj t *~*«r— * i-JL-jl?" jl Sjviall
\i w , — ai jv Jij t^L* i.u» oJtfi v^ j"^ 1
sampling theory theorie d'echantillonnage
tiiU.il I Jo^ki
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sample, systematic echantillon systematique
li iiji
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SAVAGERY
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ana. holiness
J* 1 \r? sanctuary sanctuaire
sanatorium sanatorium ^oll
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f ^Jl . Ulll
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sanction sanction tlj^jl - \
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jr)\ J*, j_;ui .i>Li !_,_• . £i>i .ij»JUj
<1 ,„nall Jp jLjVI <g ^jjt U j*) natural sanction
approbation ^jJlI jl >c-l j.jl» jp SLjJjHj
-,»_> reprobation L_A -uU^^I jl jyil Jl «»V
: liJJi
satirical sanction jl— »«jM jl iS>*-ll »lj^-l
legal sanction .1 h-.ii jl J^l 31 »lj^-lj
it.<i'5»: >-jIjJj >^l «p j* jl—j^/l 4-1 iSjsf. U j»j
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sanctity saintete p^l t jjLj^Jl ' iwloill
. sanctity «ji t UHj i^loiiL jb:_ ^JUI JlSil
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j^UJI JjjxU lit jlill ^>-U» ^U- yj_j t *i»-^j
sanitation mesures de sauvegarde
de la sante publique £aU!l £waJl> ajL>!I
public health : ja\
satellite state ^tat satellite i*L]i aJjoIi
is-LH ^ J'iUu-NL c~z i!jj ^ <~L-!l JJjJl
. ijLaaVlj v-l-JI JJL-ll Jiw jli
satyriasis satyriasis iJUil i i.'.M,l>ll ial^iJI
sLlij . JU-jll X* ^^ ji- jl i>ji« ^-ir «»lj
.nymphomania »LJl x* ij— Jl iJWI
sexual perversions ; Jx\
i>m^]I i 4ji»-jil
savagery sauvagerie
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il^l^ll i ii-ji jl j»iu « jL«-y« » jl ,Jp <■ X^allj
savagery :i — !ii-^ll il—i-"^ j. ^jl barbarity
^iiLJ semi-savage s^Udl O >_jj»i!l : Jli ^
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ana. barbarity
SAVING
saving epargne
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voluntary saving Ijjllij 0>& a_» jl_>o\lj
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f^.J
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saving funds caisses d'epargne jl>-a)|l j!?£*
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scales of attitudes echelles des attitudes
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l >.- l *'~* w^J*: 5jU t _ r -l~Si.l lJUk J-^»«ij continuum
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scaling graduation
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\fj scales rj^ is~?S^- vk*v fijii ^l^j
ratio >_,l;ll ^ui-j nominal scale ^^^l t,"^ 1
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scapegoating bouc emissaire jsil ljUa>- jX*-
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scapulimancy scapulimancie
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scarcity rarete
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367
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* - . . e
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scepticism scepticisme ^n
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schedule 1- bordereau de questionnaires
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2- emploi du temps
JUi*il JjLli- ' -4*ljll JjJ>- - X
scheduling ; Ja\
scheduling programme de temps
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SCHOOL SOCIAL WORK
schema schema Jaknil
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. iJL&l ,yH>VI Jsfi
schizophrenia schizophrenie
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scholasticism scholasticisme
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l,J «*ai£ jjl 5jU<i>JI Jj-Ij^ J OAliJ iy»lt ^^jj.1
school of thought ecole intellectuelle
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school social work service social scolaire
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iiiall OULj>- -kJj iijill JTLill ii-Ux i-jaiL
SCIENCE
science science JUi
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juvi jpU ur tj«ji ji j__ji juii j^cj
J}\ j1»UJlI »iil Jpj J^i»i Sjj^ii «;l>-l>- ^1; Jp
sciences, social £pllj»-Vl rjlJI : Jii\
sciences, social sciences sociales
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scientific management direction scientifique
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management, scientific : J*\
scientific method methode scientifique
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368
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tilp jjJj 5ybU» V 4Jl ,_jU«!l rtjJil OLc" -»l j«j
^Juil j_>;U!l jlj UjU. Oo»u jl x "iU iUIl o«ij liij
«^ll ^yaJL^a^- jj-a^-l ,JK!I Jj-bJI jlj ^»ljliil ^^ i
scientism scientisme i T M\ apj-JI
J_^i>- *?**>■ (J <;.«.! »lt iijlaJI J^iajj JS"Li^l /"r'f
.<-» i^»Jlj JUVI jyjl jw Li jij Jj .i^iJI *»>>il
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score resuJtat, cote, notejMl '*»«^' tisrjJJI
iikiv *i>\y J •Las-Mi J iU^II «i* »oic_;
j^jj criterion score oli-JjJI ^-li; Jlii
normative score cjjC>il jloilj ^ jL>-l oU-jj
raw score»Uiljloiilj: U *^*^jy i-ljjj *-^»^-;j
jL^>U J^,VI JSjJI j. «Jp J-a^ (^iil jl-ull ^j
scouting scoutisme ilil&l iT^I
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ij^ijl ^>Ltll Jj_yu Jl t-i-V'j l cCijA" '-''y^Ji Jj* l^
iLJIj JIUI .l>l J i-liVI J;> JP ^1 Jp jt*Vlj
scrying divination dans la boule de cristal
JoIIl jJ«
divination : Jail
369
seamen gens de mer
yr2\ JU£
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. ,^JI JwJI -HJ viJJij ^iUil
seasonal ceremony ceremonie saisonniere
calendrical rites : _^l
seasonal industry industrie saisonniere
industry, seasonal : ^l
seasonal unemployment chomage saisonnier
£wjll rfliaJl
jji J_ r <aill ^i* J J»*j OLfrL^aJI Juj_ J*
unemployment : ja\
SECTARIANISM
Jyu- jj£j"j (^j^ilj »UI iljv Ai'WIS' (jiw JsUJ jlatl
l« I ti>wilj 4»}WI ai* J ^jf jjAS i\yi\ OLfljj
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ijj'lill Otf^WI J J* Sill j; fcljjajl
secret ballot vote au scrutin secret
ballot :J&\
secret society societe secrete <u)JI £fU*A\
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i«jliil i \j£j jl^W>MI J* \f\Jv.\ iUj>- ^»j>J ij— il
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t jj-JI j^ oJ^u UjC l^-'l ^j* i«-L«l ijufi ^j il v -^£Jj
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secession secession
jikilli .JCai^i
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ji iMj JU»il Jt i-LJI J iUSGl Jj; ur
ji iVj J;_^J JjOil j\ OlM^ll ^ aU»*l JP Hji
secondary group groupe secondaire
group, secondary : ^k;!
secondary relations relations secondaires
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y.T* i^ ^ ^j^ 1 -jiJ^. w^^ j*"^ rj*^ "^-?
sect secte ;&! t i^jjji iisi^Ji
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. i-UUp w ^^i!aJ i- ,/i«:l I l^il^plj
ana denomination
sectarianism sectarisme £r^" v-JSXa
j*c, Vyaic-j Jr-C)^ 1 lj^' 1 ^'^ , 01 Jp i-ijJiJl
SECTION
370
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section section iiill <. pyill t >lill
• **■?** JU^-L ^pd^J ^j\d]sdl t> _^w
sector, public secteur public
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>-_j!lj i.U!l oL— .jLl U-j
UJ lil_> .U.L. ^lj j, »j»- j JkLj jl iij-iJI l^&bf
J' JJ>^ ^UaMl iliJI ^-l> jli .UJI j-IUI
.private sector ^UJI rUiill jj& jljiNI V- fjf;
u_y j^hh ^is^jmi fUJi ^iui wy jv«j
sectors, economic secteurs economiques
&U«frl oU-liull
J">\x^l w Ui;j primary sector JjVI f-UzjJI
secondary Ji3i *U>i!ij Uljjlij j-UIT i«J«!l olj^l
tertiary sector liJlill fUajllj i*-L»a!l J— ijj sector
c-UiaII ^^-JJ -9jUcJlj J-**^.? ijbVI OUJjJI L-w_j
. 4J ^UUJI J-^- jly*^--L ^^JiJ a-^- 1 --' ^r-^ Jjlill
secular society societe seculiere
^jjjlj iJ^Upj Ouij «_-L-l ^i kU .Sj ^JUI «^>«il
vjJIj oJL^ll iUidl -ill ji U..kU 3,WI ^lj
. i]*UJt
^aj ^ j!l ji secular state ijU«Jl *J_,-iH_,
.J_^i>JI »-«J- J <^J-lJI _»-tfli«- i_l">l^-l jU U_0*l_^«
. iO^oa]! ^ajt ((i tl_j-i l»-»j- ,Jr*l»l Jl jl Jp
secular trend tendance seculaire
eUf'VI J) ,-^J Jll Oljoidl »U«-VI J kiU-0 -Uii
V y<jl» 5jJ J* yiljlaJI _ji OUUI o-L^l' ^JJI »UJI
_,*JI Jl _^J OljjiJl oJL» jli i^j>-l 5jL*| j' J»jll
^__ j^^ &L-.\ y y,l_,yj .UJI oUTVl Ji£. USjIpj
t ^ # of
IJU J«j jl <_jf_ j trend curve »li!l «l^J)/l j»^«
OliUi .UJI oUt'NI Ji£. J=- j>j\ J> iL> 5jJ J^ll
secularism secularisme 4^'^ ^-**&
. ijidl ilijil j- JlSLtL jjaJlj j>»JI Jl-Li-I
f~^>- y~^j i->juii ou»i>Jii oU—ii ou»^ai i»
^ j>w jhliij: ^-\^-l ~li? Oli jyjw Jl J?UJI j*-l^
i*|p>-VI jl ^«~UI iJI Je- ij*~-i\ Jl JlO,-' i^.Jj
oJL» J>k i^j-ij <iv»< J^J (J . j'O*!! i3y (1UJI j l
^L-lj iiip iirfi Oli 1 JL.I iw-Jlj *;j»»— " i—Jl-'VI
■if*
security, individual securite individuelle
. ijl-UU-NI OljiJIj JlitVlj l _ r ^>JI J»
social security 'sXJ^i\ jtLill : ^lil
security, industrial securite industrielle
-jsUall jftl
^ }) JU*JI iU»- Jl ^JV ^11 JJL-jilj j^I
ij^-iJI jjjj kiJJ j_j i^il i*l/»lj UjJI O^UoI ,_y>
^»«!l ilj J A : *.]a:d\ Oltlj^-Nlj ijliil Oli><»ldlj
U* OLUol 1,-i <«i N <Jl J»f <r^~^J ij^U l*i«>J
371
J**Jl >U^ j, JLJI i_L>o «Li£il olkL^I ilii'l
security, collective securite collective
gf UiJI jftl
collective security : J&\
security, public securite publique iUJl jl^l
J ySi\ j\Jc^\ Jl 0.y_ ^i!l ^jSUil iUJI
Jail ^liaJlj ^^Nl j-li-iil jL*i dJi j~*ij j^JI
. JIIj»JI eUtlj iiWI .JiNI iU-jJ jjjll JS'jj- <JijJ
. .U^lj ^tj^J i.jN ^, ^l jl^lj
sedentarization sedentarisation yjl jjfej;
jlji-'Sll
sedition sedition
j**°. _P" *~r'-> (*r lj ^j
bull
j"W Jl i>o- j!l JL*NI J* ,-}U»^l li* ji*
<>ij\ f j» ^-j j">UI J J^UI .U!l jl^-NI <!U-
ifjj Jl J-* N j!i iU&i ji ^i_, JUiSfi j,> >•
SELECTION, VOCATIONAL
segmentation segmentation tfjiJll .»Li^l
'»;£& oipULi .uii ^y»-Ni > j ^ii-u jj^iiii
LjilJL»l S^uwail OU-LJ^I OU>- lili yival OU-Uj- Jl
f*~i ) \~t j.,,.',t'I ^a^j a v -^-SOI CjU-L>>I jm J^ttSJ
ij^e ifU>- JT CJjU- lil Ul i(^_)— 4»-j It -Jiuil
jli OUUji-l ^ U^ Jp S>~Jlj Jikll JtAi^Nl
. IfL; -1 aj"VI j> Jjy_ villi
segregation segregation ifyj I
^->)yu> ^•l^-l tJJii jlSLjl ^> J&\ jl £» JUaiil
Oljljll \& iaf\j ij^niN J_j: «»L»*- Jjjb > jl
. ijliillj <..,«<.* II
V^"^ j>r^ i-tt'j <-^J OVSL. j £*JI Jl l)lJ
selection, natural selection naturelle
'^^4*11 wjI*c)>I
_^a ^>-l j_jjli > J-iw« j^l j^jli jfi>j '. \^fi-j3) <L>JI
ill oL'l£il il!)L. ^ii ^i)l i.UJI fit; jjjli
oUf-'j tUjjl liJJii Jt rtUJ t oJUail «li_) i>JUail ^p
oJI
seduction seduction
^
Ml
»'»•
selection, social selection sociale
XJ> C»}X Jll o>Nl ^Jljjul ^ .ly.^1 _^j
p J\ jijLlj ^i>ii Jp ^jkj N .i>Nl ji J iijLl
j_j>j U_jJ ^>Jj ^ i—Qaj U C-Li Oi jj^J IaJIjpI
oO«jc1I 5_jl?Nlj iJlSl Jy-jl'j *lj*-NI Jijl» je- «j Oi
>yS ji ^. Jll JSIjiJlj .l^NI ji i_Jul iikUli
. £,^1 > ^U^l Cli lil l,Jp
^>* ll^>- i;»wj)l ^JJ t_- IjJI tljpNl iJ^_J
yJU Nj LUe" JlxiLj l^i^UI jL-iJ_, j">U l^i^.;
^il ^ >-o <JU- j Nl UUi^ JJ^/I ijl^. jjjUll
I v^>'
UUiiit ji^_ ^Jlj ^.^jjl JJujJI *~ZJ ^il J-LjJI
jl SjLJI li n~<ajj iiliill OlpJIj OU-LJ^Ij jljiNl
L^" ;i_»Ull ^UaJI y ^'a.K.^II Jt j_^i; JiNI Jp
J_jJ J-Jai J— Jlj r'jj" *:^J ^-^Ua~»NI IJlf- Ovii
. iJWjl ii-i; Jj jl j^ N-U ij*-^j>-NI Olj^-Il ,<i»u
selection, vocational selection professionnelle
^^z- i^w i^i jljiNl tvJL^sI tlijl yi ^^il jl^>-NI
SELF
jjSs;
j K&l ZU, Jil £&l _,,S"i »Ua*l Uai-j
jjl.U)l iJ^'j /~\ Jl J^p j. J.UI Jij slidl J^b
: iJbJI ol>iJI ^11 _,U».MI J^jj
oU*»ly\l Oj-uj jlSC^ SliJLI JL*i j. j^c JT j
. J*jJI> {ji~* i^JJI Lj «iiill j lazily <_jJj)I
^jlfv "CljOij <;blJUi«.l SjJl ijH\ i-ljj - T
372
self-determinism determinisme personnel
£>ljill £*!»JI
i^s-'iAllj determinism ilJ>«!i ^ Ja-j .Jjj*
L)U»i ji ijijji 4-^wJl jU»;i o>.^ indeterminism
f^*£ Jl j» OlJdl «*^i> jl Jj f-y o' > *r^"J^"
ajji OlJi' <*~*i>- *UJj .If- »*£> -jl jLl>-il oLL*p <j
self-employed travailleur pour son compte
<U4i i— )Ljn] (kill
. >} JS3 psychograph ^-i jL_. j oljJlj
. J^jJl »• i_— to ^jjl J_ji!l i>^» ^_jj vi-c>o
self ego, le moi cjUJI
ciaj w *«iJjl iiljii J«- ^jkj ^JJi w^jJI j4k.
j* i^iii Ulj. Jll Sj^l ^i (self-conception)
-^Jal.je ajyC ^JJI ^UaJMIj JWj ^ U U 4u L.
Hidi U^ JtjU- olJJl _^-j (social self) <Jl
. ^l^Ml JpU%
LjJt_« Jjh V^jbl' H=r^' J" v^l-il! JiiU jlf JiJj
ij^ 1 s1 jj .v^ 1 »-^-j!l l-V ^ J^s-^ 1 ^ ^ J
U.y»i iJtLl ^Jblill j, j& j jp ^tilj ;iJlo!l
• JJ& 1 J
self-determination libre disposition
de soi-meme ,[ n^i ^j^i ji-
iUi'l ^ ^i_il v-Jjl .^ilil JLv! J^}l IJl» JS_
J «^>«i'j «-tJ-lj Jyiil J»u ^Jj '^il '■ ijaljijf jjl
^^ ^ t^ *-* *$-ail *-jU«>J j^UxJj.1 JjSnj
.U.S/1^ yr-tll >-.Uw.ij jjtjl>l ^> ih-l ^j iL.U!l
U«JI ^Ulj^ t"b/jA L»^jj ... 7<JI 6^~-U*l.lj jj^l^lj
. UJl i_jU«^»I 5jIp I^1»j>oj ^!i
self-enumeration enumeration de soi-meme
Lf-'ljlj tl_>JI Jsla*^ OuUI «->- Jjl» (^Jj-I
I ^ij\^jj frl.^ii:.i^/l ^1 fttiu^MI jl jLj^^/l 4^><^(9
I ^l.-^UJ i<la*J _jl -b^t 5j^*-*i/l J--y -^i* . *j^S"
jl J <i_^a!l «JL« u *i*kjj otA^ilj o»»v>ll J ^ptj y
self-evidence evidence en soi Jlill ryey*
Ot'' J' i»-l»- j^jj ^->-U ImI) 'le^J' -Jj^ *^-^
l;y lfUw> r«~ai* 5jL* il It JU; j»j 'j^*^; j'
. Lj jkJI Jj>tj:.
self-management auto-direction ^-ijjt jjli^i
y «-jjOLal jnili^lj JLaJI j^ z^luII Sjbl ^
■ i_/-\c^r^ V ^Laa'b/I »^J»UJ *»-y y ^"1 — «_J.
self-preservation conservation de soi-meme
doll Je- 4sl^Il
(luii j 8JJ >._, j«. »ii\i j>. ^;ir jr iji^
373
SENIORITY
j-UoJI j <u^ JUL J»I>MI_, SUJI j ^JJI ij£\
self-realization realisation de soi-meme
j£, ju-ai ^ ^h ji jjuii j>>uS/i v*iii
r
I ULs-l eJ.il!
perfectionism « Jl33l ,_
J otJJi j-i>w -uiij .LUJI i^JI ol&ll oTjJ
J_.j kilii'^uj ci-vai^iJJ jjljdl _^JI ^_iJI 1*
J~ V jl^u JT j itxll 4_^iJl >_Jlj>- Jikiv
semantics semantique oU&ll Jlii JU
_y 01 J kJ^j\ i^UI > .">&U JU. i-ljj
i_r"J-*i J i i J ^-' jl^» J lAL>j<i^l Ol v .J y iji J Olilll
oUJJi j. 01 j .y&\ JU. ^ ijjkil i^UI j,
semi-interquartile range semi-interquartile
(JC ^ '/ in" * jl'j^J Ji ,jvU-it!l ^jrJU jlj -ill j* U»tJ*
J*! v _ A Jail .1^1 jli ^JJiJj .Jp^l iljil jl jp
jjuuj «*j-*J.I j^ jijkdl jj.jj-l JjJUJ 01 kildi
^ ii>!l .JU j } t-i!l j. i^jdl .jJLI J* bL»-
JjVl £j)l ^jJU^. <P^Jil ~il Ja-.jdl Jn.rt-.il .1^1
\* i_i>JI «JL» U,. • ■ jtlll jtu-illi t j^^l » jjlj
i»«i!l_j .kjii ipj^jj.! jl^il jj* «jj l^i Ji JI J*_i!l
jljil lo-l* lili ..Lii iPj^aJil jljil «jj l^-Jjjj J"
J, j*' HJ J! J-** ef*" **c* W'i ilp-*~«- /*_j«jk1I
^ 4_i JaJI aj,. l^JJ J^; J)| ^aiJI c^\S" U^J.1
U^L ^*-^V «-j**J.I iljil OjJ* lilj Jj^I *jll
J\ Alaiil CJlT' 4P_ r ^J.I jljil £ j JI J^jJ Jj^ O-i
.dJtfl ^.jjl ji JeS/l ^i/c/ *i>!l .Or. yt-J^i
injjl V-y>£- JSQi . JUI «-j jjl jA Ja^ijll jjSL IJLi 1<iJ_j
ilf" J-bhJ Uaij jfi ^Jjll Ul iip_^»>«il j< «J>- «jjll jl
J_jVl <Ujll J «ij -ill (^Jb-I jl J_,i jl «,llTM,-.t «;^ll
O^Jj Jj^l «-jjll j *Z V-'l J_,i 01 «-k~J M t^Jj
li^pai lilj .J/l/l *->_J\ Xe- fiu \^\i Ift.rtl jl jS^f.
jJi 1^_^ liJUilj Jj^l u«jj!l u« lS-^ 1 J* tfl-*-
L* SjLju jjSJ j» Jl iijkdl -31 jUj^! jl£.^l
jl Mjl LJp jJuj iyc;J' iS-^ i_'< .rti i— 'L-sJj
L^ j>JI JjSLi CJUIj JjS/l J*?J\ j- JT ^-^J
ana. quartile deviation ^jw^lliJI^J^I
seminar seminaire iL.I,AJl j^ImII
iJk rj'j^ ^ ij^ ijt^j'-*!' i>* oIpj^j* J*— '
4Au>«ll ^ 'lj>-l t-I'^-".'wIj ^a>*ju ^Lxl iyjlj ^-^r- - '
ij 5Jpl <.l, l 5JjL-*l/l jjrtjo iiUJI jJ-Oj tjw fj^ijl
semi-skilled worker travailleur semi-qualifie
Sjl^il le^tfA JrfWI
OLLjJI w ,« J_jO>^i jO«j •Li!l Jp OjJJ J-» t^JJI J-«W
^jUil Jp J_rt^_ i *^J_, iJU SjL^ Jl j-b^- Jl
senate Senat ^jjiil j-^ 1
~ iJ/ij ^xill Ju ^JJi JpS/I ^Ul ,_ r i«JLI
parliament juii w -^«Il : Jil
senility senilite 4>jklijl
age, old ^-^iwJi : Jii
seniority anciennete Juaoi^l
J^y Jat^l Ifjp J-<a>- «-*?«"' j' *i^j' J"
■ «J»j)l _jl i^jOil J V*-**^ 1 J 1 * up" J-^ J
SENSATION
374
seniority provisions 4?-"^' ^'>s" : J^.J
Up seniority rights iloi^l jjii- a»j
t-J? i_Jb ««.Jii ^U Jp J.UU Jy: CJlT lil
ji ijb)/l J i-Jity ^.ui Jp ji «lUl J ■ jJUWI
jl *LJI jb je- ili~> 3-L>-j ~i IS" _ou ,_jl ~Ji)l
J jjUUll oLuil . — il ^-L> jbo l<j Stidl Oljbl
ii^JI <ui 5-U* i^JL'l Jiilil ' 1 13! I ^/> jl ;w>l>- iU»
JU^«j ^jjl j»j i.i/iiM aXi ^jjl Jioll y ^>«-"j
. i_jj&lj J-UaJI
sensation sensation
^?>
VrjWI OU-J.b ^1 .Up! /b" jp liJ J\ *JL«!l
: i* >l r J ^L^l yr.j
•fills' ijijjl *lj\j$.\ ^j ^.j* tt*-j> — \
VfjWI .LiVl JP ^^ ^11 . . . AJI ijl>»Jlj Oj^aJlj
. .i—>^' *Lipl Jl J-^J
«Uapl _^b' iU-JJ aJL» J J^j i^^i^j^j ib-^4 — X
Jj~tfjj ij>WI jl i«U!l j-aJI >_jU«pI JUil «j i lJ -aJI
A *J ^"^' '**r. jj*-J' ^j i~~ii iU-^ — v
sensationalism sensualisme .i-?"! 1 s_Jull
^jC^fl „-oJI y» ^lj»JI ^Lil jl 4; ' -s. UT
.sensualism
sentence jugement en matiere penale
jo»*. ff. Oj^j ji Li" final CI,-' OjSC Jij .iJb>-
.V. fj^ 1 J*—! 1 5J -* j>. M sf 1 indeterminate
• V. - **" J^ri J^i Ji *;<«l«i »j_>^ Oljll U-
.judgement , C^u , jjjii j^jji J Aiij
ana. judgment
jj^JI J^, ^jjl Jjll J^l J | .^1 ; Jj^l J
sentiment sentiment
4&UII
j-Uaj V y»j ^yjayt j\ i£j Jj>- ^"ja JbuiJl |;»
bL»-l j-Uaj Jij j^I OLS" > «j»- -cSOj *!>!"* '■*■
SW-UI public sentiment »li)i jj^Ji :Jb»;j
■ *i»-"j J^"- 11 J*- ^ Jr*^!* JbviiMI Jp »_jij w w
ipjjl ^i sentimentalism « iukUii » Jl* US'
. JiJi jji iikbJb _;t!i J|
separation of powers
separation des pouvoirs olkLlI Jjal
i*j>j>«3l 5j^>-l ^ oUaJ — II »wjy ^HJ-b •'j .^^11
r 1 .) Js*^ Cf" *-J^ *^y. jL-f»- ^ rr* 4dk>Jki
ikUlj ~k\ : «::ll ^aUlj i/uyiJI <kl.,.)l tjv-; J^aill
iUaUJichecks & balances« ^ji^Ijj^i njlij
Jl ^_p Ji' JJUjII \- Juaki) OLkJUl Uai l-w.
J* «U~ ^|T i_U^ Jl ^iy_ \x IjJ.1 Ija Jp &ilsM
. -bjir oiuji > w-AiJi iu^ y . ->vi
separatism separatisme iJUaii^l itjJl
«'li!l akli Ob jsiiil ^ijli i-UJl J iUo, j^i
01 i_jf_ t«J^»i« <Ux- *Jt)U. Liai jjl JjjJl ^Ja-b
iUj 4; *UJ>I ^b-JI »^»Jil jP Jb^MI U ^li
<k>^ ^»b-» «*it Jl »| < »<»;MI ij?- IA Oj^J jl Lf-j;
.political integration « *_-UJl 5o>.yi » : n ~*,y\
375
sequential analysis analyse sequentielle
fyJL- tUjJL. \i JJL»U M kijjl OUIj»-l a*-l
JT Jj .ip_^l O^UJ (^jjJJI JJUJI J;> je-
jl£.VI J olT lil U* d^-lil jo>« oUUl JU; il^
,*Jli-j j/i/l dlS" lij U* jl lf»«»j J 1 u*Jj^ 4**
serfdom sgrvage
^' JJ
. ^Uai^l Oil JJ-O >T Jl
feudalism ' *dJvi »lkJi : ^l
service service
XaJjJI
ji^ 1 jl /^ ^^^ QW V 1 ' *i f>- J** ^
ijt^j-VI iljiMI iJoJUij Jji Jj\^JI iyr}} ■ «dj-*Mj ijVil
. a»s«»U J SL»JI OLjj_pi j« »jj_/^ 2jU1,I i«J»JI J«f_
UL psj V JJI isLiJI j*l_,; oUj^JI j. .ouj
^j ijjdlj Aolll jlj»"i|l OUls- xJJ I^SJj iaU
£Jl3l ^iUi>l iliil £lii \-^Jcj J\ iliJI ^Iji
<i*a; &lLill U» j CjvUUil j.u- jIjjjj tertiary
OUU>- SjLd>- ?T../lT.«t <U ifl OjU«>- jl L» ^>- i I j* . ': «
. JjSfl ifjjjl;
public iUli oCJiJI :,j*j; J* oUj^JU
*^t^'.j i~>wi!l_> i_»J«cll oUaiJIS" services
t personal services : '.^L'mi oU^uiJL
. . . >Jl j-iUillj ow>Uil_j ,>Uil_j *Uail OUo>- U-iJJ
social service i^LLi-Vl <ujjj| ijiil
. (^JJI - Y
JU-pb ( _/*^_j tjrju*^ t/**i i*"'* *j'-^ jj* jr*-** *J^"
SEX
servitude servitude ^jt* 1 'JjI' ~~ ^
iilill JUi^l Jlij ji^l «>—J 3 '>^ £^
.it f. J. \yaS !£*£ 4^ J*^ Penal servitude
jibjjli - t
j*ai .j* liX; jlsjVi jit til* 4 >~ ^uu «^u_
positive l}I-£! ^*» J-*"! 1 ; J 1 negative ^L ^i
*ij ^JJi jaj legal UjjjB jl*jVl jjS« oij
. v.jliJ 1 <»--l» j* tfjJ' yj natural Uli> _jl j^USl
settlement 1- peuplement Jl^»ill - \
■_»l-~ l UjJljiJt-l t«a>»Uw L< l^vT »U- r-^ka»l
jl_^_j Jjj jlj^e- JUj iiy~)l jS'LJ'' jri^J f]j<'
. J jS"j» j'j^pj » « }*? o\ff- » Jli US' -tSj***-
t jioJI U>i«; JP ij^^" jS'l — • J O^Sv — !l k__L*-l 1 _r~»J
. '»'£ j* ijljl ikL" -^ry ^~>- j' '-r'J''
J«. iW-dl settlement net jljl*' 1 «Sk-1 :JU;j
iSjJ*>& oIj-jJIj Jijl 1 J'j-* 11 ytc JfrLi; jl ii;^"
. U -lit J
2- centre social ^Ua^l j£"Jtl ;il*il - T
OUJLiJI «jJliJ lili«dl i^a»JI tLs-^l J »Uj »U^«
3-reglement
sex sexe
Xl_y\Ji\
<Se- ^Uallj <J f J'^-i' < ; .«■ <»"
,r^l
jjS/Ij jT JUi l y^j/^ V-^'J ^ u^ 1 -^ 1
_iJI jjis«; i^-^ j— 'j-ll ^JaJ 1 **rj 0* L r-^" , ->
U^-li, oJtii ( jwj, ^jT^. ^ j;VIj / JJl ^ jJi^ll
. oU-iJil jS. J aJUl iljUl
SEXUALITY
sexuality sexualite
oLLJLj w L-U! iuU, iiUJ.1 i*t»-Vlj i*-jJjSLJlj
Jl jjjjl jjO>- jjU^" ~tj j. \J> *& Uj U Sji+JlI
. * : L . /r '■ **£') }jH\ *~—jj j jUI jt i£ ' Jz Uj i~~Xi
J_>>- Cij»- Ja^'j i^-l^l *i^U ^k v-Jr 1 «j">U!Ij
JaJjJ OU^>Jj «_«j>- Jj .ij.. J_j_JI 4 Jul OU-UJI
iLidl ^»ULl Lu tt'Ljjl ioUaVl OUUJI ^HJiS";
^. ^ ^-M 1/f.W J* 1 " 11 J^-> V-^ 1 ^^
*Udl JUllj ^>JL| ^LiVl jjU.j j> ( ^- J
W~f: u-^ iSj'^ tsj«li ji>-j «~4-' oli^UL
• V^l
^^J-l Ju»;VI jl Jil ^1 hetero-sexuality i^yJl
. £_>■ joUdl il>Sfl viiJji j,
d\~e^i\ jl Jil ^1 homo-sexuality «-lill v-^'j
. -b-l Jl l _ r J r l i\}\ ^ ^Jul
sexual perversions perversions sexuelles
£J*}\ ol»l>ftl
^1 J«ill ji £^ J.I j^, ^| i^J.\ ju^Sii
ip-jil j. Jj^i. ji-} i*- JjJI ip- Jl j* JL. ji. Lj
u-ui jijll.1 ^» ;_j-i ouij^Ni i»j . jui^i
.J—Jrl Sjj>D iX^JI CjUjJII ^^w i^UI
■ cCr— ^J tJC^ J) * ; ■■■ ' ■ * •! Olil^>«J jl < ■■■*■" ilp^ 3
. j>-Nl l _ r JrL *U» J*- f_jjij Olilj»ul - ^
i—Jr-l wljjjl ji iJUilT S^U JjSj jjj - I
ipJ iJiil jl satyriasis jjTiJI ^jj
iJl_£»-Vi.j nymphomania »lji
^s-J-l JUaiVlj frotteurism Ltil
376
JUu'Vlj gerontophily c^-^
. pedophilia JUtVL ,—Jk-l
« — j.iljo^.Vlj voyeurism ^X. iJI JiJI
iL^-j iji-\-> ji- jl exhibitionism
masochism i>-^.lllj sadism ioUIS'
. j>-VI l _r-^"^ J . *"~" (J*' '- ^ Olilj»Jl — Y
j;l_j.i .Lj^ivir syn-. OjSj xjj - i
Jl >-jil ^ jjSL j»j homosexuality
^ jl pederasty ( J»lji )
^3-Ji-l JU»;Vlj lesbianism (<jU«~.)
. bestiality jlj^L
fetishism i.-JIS'j-lL. j^ jjSC. j»j -
transvestism j^\ i _ r J r l ^-.^l. .IjJjITj
shamanism chamanisme
oUUJl
pi ^jjl i^iil Jt- OU*iJ.I »j_» ^ i>^»; »^-»-
jljjl ji _^l II ;..,lill 5jl_iJI ^L JU;Vl
iihiv j?Ui j, J» jp JUaj'Vl U,- ^_ji;j shaman
• {j^}^ r"^* "-•■V. ^dlij
share-cropping travailleurs participant
a la recolte, metayers **j'ifr
^Aij Jj*»il «^ jf j^ i^i*- Jt- >^<a»- J/U. iltAil
. juji .v> tSL. sjIp duai
shift work travail par equipes ijLlL U*ll
JLJi Jjcu w ,-ui Jp fJ i jwji ou-LJ Ji;
•jbi-J j!l OU-UJIj JUpVI J ^ilij jS"i ji j_^>
jllll i'jUj day-shift jLjJl ^jlH :JU;j
J>-
P
i j. Ijl; i'jliv night-shift
^>-i JJ ijl^« jt JllJI ^4^'j graveyard shift
ijLil ^ J Jllill Jliil jl^i.1 j rotating shifts
377
single shift system sa^ljll t^lil fliiy fixed shifts
.lk , system of three shifts cX } &> i}Ui r Lki _,
• system of two shifts jwjdi
ijL^i J J^JJ j^j ^ ^.1 sji jLJI ijf JLp
JJUI ijL. JU* jlT bl Ul tUSU, ^-T^i JJII
shop, closed atelier ferme d'exclusivite
syndicale jffifa g i"»-.-f t
closed shop : ^kil
shop rules reglement interieur du travail
J*ljjV l _ r ~^ ) A^JMM oJl* i^i\ ^^u, ^
JO>oi ^^j JU*JI OU-lj_, J»JI .Ikj i^UJI
i-U!' Oltl^Nlj ;H=-j>j JU*JI J>o OUU
j J.JI jply j^y J J^M ,Ui ^j\ j_i;^
sib sib Jji
«l>i J^_ V S/I £> J. j\ Sjl •rjs J^\, X- y
jjj_>!jll JU»^! siblings .llii Jli_, .Ijoji u -u-i
• clan ijJU-) phratry s_,U* tribe iLi ; Jii
5^1 j_^ sib rivalry tlii^i i_»t* » Jy, _,
siege, state of etat de siege 4jji)| •i&.ty
SIMPLIFICATION, WORK
i-ijjlili *4»-'^ ifc»ij ijiUix^l oliiL- i«jSv»Ji >b< <^ja
sifting tamisage *£j*J'
uw»-UI jf aljiVl jLsil j_j- Jp Jlill «jjdl
iJb iioj «»ie JS~ ryi vl_»- t iiljij-lj ip^^l
V ^U«JJ Uij *>-jt>- ^ «Jp J>Mi v/*J <JUiel j^>-L
. a^o^o^-j s J\t* i*t^* (J^ ^-^iJ J^Li^Jl cV^^' iJfti>«-«
^ij-ji _,>j 5^^* j. Vr-j 1 ^.^ 1 ^is>Ji J^'j
significance, statistical
signification statistique
L _^5^«j l^-'l y OLjJI ^ iijUd* Oj-b>- Olij^ <t>«^
similarity ressemblance
-oUill
jl iiaj-lj ^L*- J L»^S"ljCil JrwtJt ^w ^UJI
4»li3' Jiu$3l J bUjI j_^_ Ji ^UJIj .8Jj-Ij ol»">U
law of similarity ^\ d J\i ^\ u j Jii_,
ana. similitude . j^'j^ 1 j^v J W»* "S 1 -^"
simplification, work simplification du travail
work simplification ; ^
SIN
sin peche i rr &l\ tj£kk}l tJ^I
J> iJUj . -Up JP ^IjJIj ^IjSlI Mlli- ^
Jp »_jij JjSfli X*J>)\ iJaiJlj iri-J' SJajJI jjru
iiiU^ Jp fyu iJdl ji J\>- Jp sill ^"i^r* iaH***
. JUI flSUl
offence : ^i
i,, ,.,
singularism singularismeijbjtfl .sj&\ u-»a»
i^k j^ i jr » ^ .ij^Sii jr .u^" vi_>o ^jijji
jLf »JL» ^-Jj 4!Lipl f-j^jf ij# "ill ^-J a»£«J.1 01;
,5JL-»-_jJl JjP^j-^I <i_i»JI _y» i_^i!t jl_> . *»2>J.I l _ J »— ; ^j-
. pluralism sji£)i ^Jf'X- *L.li_>
situation situation
jaijll
J*>U-j JpUdl jfA J_J jlkl J aj'Ij^-j J>«il i!_ji—
J»*>t»-L *Jdi£ iJjLJI jli IJLij sOlJJl; ii»j 5jJ
iiliv.U OljJjLl > jj&j i_ii_J.I jli lSj*"' 'J^J
ji iLv ^J J j^l J jjj; ^11 i^jUJIj «JWjJI
. iU*i-">U iLliJI o^i «Jl»- J
: JI it vUJJjj j^-M Cij j» ijii\ i]J^ j^jCJj
*JU ^JJi oU'tjU law of situation oujll Oyl»
j^UIlS" jjju Ji >_ji»jll jl i Jj>£ JUJ1 <,.,.<a:A" jl (jijU
. OljI^Sjl itfl iU, gjjjl ^ill
O&l - T
_*» >iiijjj t*. &»j j ^>ji j&\ i^i u aui
rj UJlj <J».ljJl olpil
alj jl
«Nj
378
jj& J— » £J>»JI IJ— » J*- ^jj^l kjlj~l O&J
i^UJI w^JI J»j> jp if t SJU»-I 3"Jla «J ^-J Su»
^IJSI «^ vl-9-t Jl »J*:.. : M «>->J I^T jj& JLJ ji
.ji^ij <. yp j*»~ ^i ^i ^ j^i-u^ii gjjdi
j*JlI J«t vl_>«; '^i Jiw XJ ^IXP^I ^j>JI
i_JL. *i\i *JLj»JI oJ» (^ «_**>_£ j SjvSJI <JI ip-U J^.
k.jj-j^ *i\j «Jw»j;j SjJwaJI ^1 V-li Jjf. -*-»J . »I>J^I
. .l>JMl
50>«i. jjSo Jljllj Ja~.j!lj Jt-»JI Ja->ilj ij»
OjSJ O^UUll » j» jli i>Jil OL>J.I J 1.1 . i^ 1
Jp .lyj^i ^Ulw ^L.*- JLc_ ^\Ji\ ija Jpj
J»; IJfT *A.U. ji ^1 Jl>llj Ja-jil ^ J> n «;i
J Ml tJLuu M _^i -31 vliil Jp J«i_>J* iilla* UJ
lil Ul ,^-jU.I Olj^^l ^jJb^i. JCi-y^- ''j^ 1 ijli*
jj^_ ^UlI IJla jli .Iji'^J w ^U» Jp Jj-a»JI Uiji
Jp U^_i. Jljdlj jl_»Ji ia-jdl J?. J>U MjI«
skill habilete
«iv#ti
iT^I JU*Sll; f UI Jp ijJiil
»JU»j .5j«dl ^>J>U «liMI .Ju& Jp SjJiil ^ ^ij
jSlcj degree of skill sJl^lU ii£^ oli-Jj
^Jl skill tests l'j$S olJCij J;> jp Vjp ^»>Jl
i-jUi i.j^UI OljLjil ^L^S'I (^o. «i^ j* ^J
,_jjJI yb skilled worker ^lll J«lillj .i^w i^«
. U i^ ji i^. .liSl i.J'SUI 0">UJLI ^jf Jp J*«-
slavery esclavage
i>jlll t J Jl
skewness asymetrie
. l«
J«* ^-»u ^1 J *3I p,jy J' »Ua»-MI J *; -U»i
^i>JI J^IJUpMI C J>JI Jp U lilJail jJa^. ji jSO:. M
.*;UJ^ Jp J_^a>Jlj 4JP SjlajJIj j>-M Jji ii^l
juJIj JuJI jjj; if b ijw 5">U J_>>-j Jp jjll »UaJ fj* J
J JukII jL»1; .'....II Ulk« lp_>«a>- JuJI /wit a l ^ ' t f
. ^U-iSlI fli. J M .LiSlI jIUp
j commercial slavery i^Udl ii_>jJI Ja-V'j
JU; ^11 JliS/l J ^IjjIL JiSfl Jp Ji;J^JI OjSlI
. JUjJI J \~aij
379
SOCIAL
-^ jp domestic slavery iJjJil ij_,jJI Ul
o-l^-i ur s.i^iii ji ^S/i ji j;i .ik ^.j
jl 5jWI Oy>- 0»j i .kill I j jjjllj •yd.l j_^«il ^»iu
slavery, white traite des blanches
. 5>aJI ^l>S/ j,. jUfN/lj .ijTM _,i .1^1
sleep sommeil
f jji
iaj^j i^-t **>*; j^'j jj^'j ^l— j-NI i^Uitl
ijjjil »-U_j 4_ — Jl iTj>JI »Jjy ._jjl j«*i US' t.'<ij)i)
dlli ^ jiu_,_, .vrjUJI Ol y '>AJ JJUI iUi-M >
^Ul Li y-^-i J!l hypnosis '^llil ^1 3U
. v^u
•Wi .U-jl-Ml; >^_ ^-jji swooning «L*Ni_,
ijji »-u- Jp ^^kj jii coma Zj3\) Li*Ji jL»JJ
. iUc—Nl U- i»lj
*■' ^~y-J j» i] <u_j/ Jf- jjiD J--JJI iiW ^'Jj'j
. i'UJi si* jjj; _>. jjj. If insomnia jLiii
slogan slogan jfel\
j I oil SjSvj ^ jji jTJJl <U-* 5_ / ^i> t « jjLc-
itLJIj t-j«b_J1j ^j'j ^ Li*>U SjU- iJJLj-j .L»-Xa jl io-»
iU-dl J,..o..;j iiili. jjjj «U!l ^IJl Jf- jjj; d~~
•oicuJj «~"L- jj£j ai oljUiilj .< !WI J oKLiil
OlJ^UMI OtjUij <L<w ij-jijjjjl jli ~& jj^. oUL
y^" ^™.' <ui*JI *»L« ^w ijy* ***£& iV^r ^)
publicity jr&y\ } propaganda Cli-jJi : ^fci
slums taudis WUtdl *£.ty
J141 yu. ._»_, i^ai v-tn ^ .l-S/i oi» j^-
j~i' US' .jl£« JT J Sjliiil jLi^'j JJa! 1 J~<i.j
-b-UJI yUil^ ji^ji Jiur jlojL i*t>-NI v-Ul v
... c? 1 f'/r^'j
smoking habitude de fumer le tabac j>ltll
v Ir'-U Jsia: J!l ^w>il jl^VI y ^ Jif^
J^\ S\ Jb.j _^. a»ljLi w _- J ^Jldl Lu_,
^ v -tS"l JUoil ^j cpr}^ if. *-* ^'j*" iv. 'j'—-''
J-U- ^*JlL* Jrv -i>jj <o' ^Jj>tJ' k)C O^jil US'
j^L^oJIj extroverts j- U ; . . •. li jl^i^l j. jS
j^Jl, tLiilj j»i~ai -jiiii neurotics
~Ua. L. «J; Jl in-IJI ilpjjl jl Ji»-J Ji.
y>Ui k~ oi^i ^L'JJ -,».ju!i SjL ; 1p jpU: y u_!i
/'-L jL, jUll »lj!l Jf- jl ilpoJi oJL» «^. Jp J^jC
. Jr^jJI jl^l «J^lpl j
alcoholism, drugs : ki
snobbism snobisme j£J\ 1( ^UJl .jJo^Jl
L_JUil OU.hll jjj 4*j SI 0»-l iX^J jl 4J ■' .-"•
i j?»*jl ,K*ay <«^J w.^ii* *L«P alTUi ■...'.'^.yl l^5***L*'j
A«iL« «li-lj «lj3l oLviU* ^Ji j «JL jl jl ijkljS^lj
J jlji^/l <«^j jl j« 4»yJ ^ilJjj *ibj"j jy*^' ^
sociability sociabilite
tfl^JU i>lJJ>l ji ^lijj)|l
li» jjSL oij Ui »^-UJj'Ij 4pUjI-1j jlji^l kL"jl
. iikiJil Jlj^NI ^-^ '^.JLi ji li-ui J»lJjM
social social l/l*«»r ,
iJ_^— Jl yi" lil social factor j-'&r^ J-UJI J»-_j; j
SOCIAL ABILITY
380
«-»-t!l y yzyry w ,ol»«-iVI *VJ* jl j^iJI l-i» OIT
■ .V^^J^ ^ j' 4j^U.I
j-ai jai i^ w ^u^iSii ^ «>>u!l jUo j/yi jt
j>-ly JLj iijxllj i«_i!l_> ily_!l oly_*_> OlJLi>il;
. iiliill
social ability capacite sociale i^C^iS ijjj&\
i^*Lil J*, ji^l ,*. J.UI v^ Je. hjjJ\
;U ipLj- j!op j .U, jljj-l J*, ^L>^ J*lc!l J
a* »U_JMI_j olSuII Jt SjJjjJ! j\ .La>- _jl i_>">U- U
social abnormality anomalie sociale
'^■Uar^l ajiiJl
^_ '
social achievement
accomplissement social i3Jiiil U«!l jlkjl
social action action sociale 's.'CJa r *i\ L*!l
SjvT jljipl j jjj; j!l i*L>Ml 0">£jJ.l J>. Jlj
social activity activite sociale "tl^i-^l iUJl
. £1^1 oliji iUJ J _,! J^JI .J j^U J_u_, j_,ujl U
social acquisitiveness acquisitivite sociale
ij^J ^1' itUJL.1 UjJb*; 4-ptVI i^J il _jl «-Lj>- jj
social adaptation adaptation sociale
ObU j» .y.:* Jj_j II ily^ll >_<u^j ol i^jjy-ill J^j
ie-|,i-VI 5U>JI V*'^" -^~ J ' J^ OUl/lj »ljlj Jljilj
• f ^ j»'y J
social adjustment ajustement social
\*\j& iJUj y UU- ilS^j o-Ijj Uj^- jjjjJI <!_jUk
^s-aj ^]^ ApL*j^l [^^ AjUlaflj Aj'IjU- ^^J»J C — dJ
• W^ J
social administration administration sociale
4fUar?i Sjii>i
jyiiiil UM_^_ j!l JUpS|I J«. ^->U^MI lie, J-b
^JL-Sll I ,—i j^oi^-; Jllj i*L>Ml oUoiJI SjbL
US" i r -L: , i/l 4^1^-MI fy«ll Jr^ ij* fj* i«" *r^'
l»JLi; jl i;«-L>-NI i».LJI JJUo iUadl i»ljj!l Jt Jjj
. v^l>MI J 5 ' 1 ^ 11 *Jr>*- J 1»>I <^x.j
social agency institution sociale
L*iU-I „rt .^->fao j ^jvjLxpl jl (jw« — » ^U*-il v ouLo
wjjf-" jl jjj ijpLjj-'i/l <LaO»JI J^ ^M 5-jj (^i-^ J
• primary social agency -»_ ; ^U-Uj ^jL. t^j JJ
381 SOCIAL BARRIER
i-U-LjU.-Ml itjbJl J L.L.I i*a«ai-£* j* jjSO jij social assistance assistance sociale
. secondary social agency ^-Jj jo^I assistance iai-Lll :>Ji
social anabolism anabolisme social i*0«!l i^'^^-Ni 5_u.Qi
^ s ^£' assistance, public social
(~~t- l> . l> o . . y social atom atome social ^Ua^l »j-il |
. oo^JI oL.jU.lj oUU'^lj jlSCiNI ^JuiOj
social analysis analyse sociale
«_e-l_o>-NI 4X--J0 .«. i U Ja-«jw oljjS" jCiu ^>i)l o^ill ^1*-
w ^ jjLJIj UiiJl «~»j* jj^jj social net
ys ^JJ iaidl ^0>^l £UjU >Ui ^J ^ j/s jjjjl a l>Sll ^l>. j, .I^JI > j_^OJI
jr «t>Uj ^o ^ jr « jW joji»j, ia^ii v 1 >>-i i<^jji ^
i>l>- v l Oli">UJ j*^ J^j <u* £_, Or J&O pj>.
social anatomy anatomie sociale
social authority autorite sociale
social power : Jii\
social backwardness sous-developpement
^* jO*-> CjUL«J^I i_JLb>K iiJijj . **<2>>il <t^Jj *L
" r ■ social V^ V| u£c!l
S-b-j5 ^Jc>J.O 0,j">Uj (j<««JI W-^*! J*' ^le-^Lj (S-JI *■ '' '
iUlSsX* iUU- o£* *-**" J r' OOfcOfV a^O---j oJj^>-j *^->»ll yi+jC
social anthropology anthropologie sociale £ J^-^'j l /^^ 1 ^J^ 1 J*L>* v-^'j • "'>'
. ci Jl
anthropology, social : J^\
social ascension ascension sociale
iJLJI aJlidlj obOJI jUil J-ljJI o.u />! ^j
J|>S/I £lljl ^wio :j-\i^\ tij>^i\ ^/\ .b-i 5jb v lj VjSUjI 5lj ^ ^«*-»J ^i^ *^'
social balance equilibre social ^U^- V l OjlJJl
s^aij o-jii o->- j* ^i^^i xji j oipU-i ji
^l^r^l plij - ^ iikiw J.ly. iJUj .^j-tllj ijiJIj
J*- Jj«a>Jij ili^lj ^jllfejll Jjjj 'oj^ 1 /"!> V-* social equilibrium : J&\
... ~JI i>JI
ana. social ascendancy social barrier barriere sociale >Uar?l J^W
social assimilation assimilation sociale
tJJi,- _}^* iv«J>J. iJUW j^»U«!l ^j» ^_<a^- IT
Jl jiLiVl J_^x_ll j. ji .yjl v J*c ji J!
0>0»»- jl jljil 5-U- r'j^' 0>Ua,-Jic Jo JI ii»jji ^j-uJO Loioi <L*Ljj>- v l J=r'_^' ■ s j>Jv* .O'uUaJ! oj- 1 ^-'
. i«Jl>*i- e-b-j- ^ iib>w« OUUj jjbx OU^Jo>J.I J_-v Uajl -^Tjj OOj **— aj >Ojo>-*i|l i-laJI
SOCIAL BEHAVIOURISM
382
^U J* i£\2\ jkjlj U.UI r\jj\i tt-L- iUi-ll
*~&\^j>-\ j>-*>j>- ** l^Uipl
j^Zjj
$
social behaviourism behaviorisme social
4*-LJL| jit; i^lcV^ OL_~dlj -j»Liil JI kl_>- aUfyi
social being etre social '^Uar^l jJt&l
-S" i-Ui oL'l£l ~ ^U J jU^/l
social case work etude des cas individuels
£e-\^y\ a Jill Hi*-
case work 3 JIu CJ^ ■_ j^\
social category categorie sociale
<j"^i^. JJjr*-i in~^-> 4*U»- ojfiv "V >j j*j ^-1^-MI
o^UUJI .L-JI ^JJi ili.1 ^_, .^.lii. i_^\ < j r l jTI^j
X, .1^31 y«lj jljiS/lj j*ll ^ J jyjil JUJIj
iJjliil ^jJI ^' lilj . iT/ill ijAL *Mj* ^
JjjxJ UL.I till jv^aJj «L» j^; ,j* j^k; Jii -^L;
J^' N is-VJcVI Ollill Jiw jli kllii «j . 4*UL|
social causation causation sociale
iU'Mlj ^l^Ml iJyJI ji j>. o-i-" fj^ill
social change changement social
JISLJI . T^l
lUtl J*-*-
.JS" >
>Ji IJL»
i_5 y c i-e-V^j— *Vi <uJi; j l t Lis! i 4ifcj j ji i «^>^UJ
_;>- jii ^.uiij ^i j ji i*t»- , Vi oij^uii iu'i
ui j^, di «.ij- , vi ouJiii
social circulation circulation sociale
Ji jji\ 3 i\fi\ jiiiL .ij- i*lrt-'Vi iLkli ^ijli
. jiJi iUt'-'Vi «_jijii J| ji ^^"V 1 ^j-^ 1 J >i
cf. circulation of elites
social class classe sociale £t-ij?-^ ;a ^ lt
class riili : Ja\
social cohesion cohesion sociale
. social disorganization ^ll^-NI kllsSl <LU.j
social communication communication sociale
^arjll JUi>l
communication, social :Ji;l
social competition concurrence sociale
'^Oa^l ^jQl
J^i j. £_U&I j^ii i^iil J^LiJl JlSlil j>-\
j\ 3> ai ^icj . SjjO^I **V*-"VI jTljLI JI Jj^jll
^tr^/l .IkJI V~i>. Jil i_^iU U» l^UT J ^UL|
. jsUI
social conflict conflit social "x.U^r|il pl^tfll
ou-uli ji jiyvi ,> j>ai ji Ji-v- ^jii oU'Vi
. jAijj »j=>* J^i jJj-aJI J>-li jJ j»j *; jl»S *^i
383
social confusion confusion sociale
'^fo^P ^j&P -H^P ^
iU'l_, iikj*ii £^>A\ JIS ,j« SjtfUl ~i!l jit
social consciousness conscience sociale
SOCIAL DARWINISM
«»U5 jj jt i»jj»j j& (i oU-Uj- ji ji»ii« J) *-fii
. JO>k
(C^'
consciousness, collective
social consensus consensus social
^Uar'il jUrtl '^t^-^l JU#I
ilfUI*j l^JUI&J ijf-l^j-NI JiJI Jflilj»' kiiJJO Jj.rfljU
olj* \jj <,,,,„„; i>-j-b jij lj;Ju ii>0»o jlj -b "V JiJI -b-l
. Sj.iL" j& jl SjJiL* <u tLodlj <*• «loiljd>l JaJI ^
social constitution constitution sociale
J/Uar)|l jji-iil
i^i^-NI oU-^JI j* iLJU j» J>£o lS-U 1 J—J*
• li^U ijjy«fl!l i^lP"-^/! LJJUijll j» jl If^oiu iL<idl
. iiUil (K-^jJ.1 3l~«- Jf-
social constraint contrainte sociale
restraint, social : )ei>\
social contact contact social ^t»af)|l JUoijifl
social relations i^i^Ml ol>">U)i : Jail
social contagion contagion sociale
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social continuation continuation sociale
>tiar?l alJli?!
social contract contrat social '^l^y-^l ojUH
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J»Jyiil oiA ctilil i iU- J* iilljw ilj . i-»» Jsjyi;
JUxil IJLa y* JJjJiJI L*l 01 i^l JiiJI »«~i! Ijjy „-v>J
social control controle social '^U^-)/! Ja^aJI
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p-'l j. oTUllj ij i\jSl\ J^ ilijl ( «^il IJ* v
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tSljlb d^.^JI -^il J ^/-Irf-MI i>JI JoLjj
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social credit credit social '^Uar^l Ol^N'
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<ujjj SjU-I r-J^iJ ijlxll i-Jl^-iJI Sjill J_jf-j ^J* J^
social Darwinism darwinisme social
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SOCIAL DECREMENT
social decrement decroissement social
jj~*i JLjJi j> 4pU=- T-lil L—ii« J ,-vi i
f-r-* ^f J~-"i ^ 4 - Lp a*-L«JL-( jljil -l^L cJjli. .Up U»
.social increment ^Ui-i r U s^bj «tu,_, .oj^u:
social supervalent
social defence defense sociale
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v»ij ' £^ j;^ > £* jii i-uSii c-u-ijii j.
. .Ij- squill kiilj ^ J-MyS jst-Ji oiUiw. ji .ujmi
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social degeneracy degeneration sociale
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Jl .__; ^Lf l^ i<iUi-MI dji ij^iil jl i-iUJI
«»to*ll cLopI js*p S.slp kiJJi v^^^a^j .i_^» i*t»-l J
. iiliu^ i!U- JJ ijybjjj jjldl jp
social delegation delegation sociale
S-jlill f Uii 4^1 J;> jp J.\^\ juyd ^
^ J ^JJ>' j-Jjil i^. ^ J-JI Sjbl J
Sjli. j&j .^l^NI >.^l j,_> jp j^ji jru^.
jaj_yd\, iJl-j^l ol»%JI jljj« J ^j^JJI ^*iyd\ IJLk
. ^>JiUI jlxll J formal delegation jJ-Jl
. «kui oo» ^juui m ^u»-Ni ji^yi jji
social democracy democratie sociale
384
^OJlj jt.jXtt JUJMI Jl J»V «_.!_. JT,*-
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social deterioration deterioration sociale
i'Uif ijLw ^>j ii;L- i!l»- > jIj»»jNI «~L-p
social development developpement social
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sjljil 5jJ» SjLj; iUij »^«il j^J i.j^UI JJSLilj
j^i J;i>d jSLf 4s- ^sail Jl i^Ldl SlUI J^ii-I Jp
_^JI J4« J» P^.1 jljiMl »Mji V>l»j!lj i jsJI J« j4i
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social diagnosis diagnostic social
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tJ_.JI tJi4AL Ljkjj :Lf>-^l J fclA Ijjj c_«J J)l
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social differentiation differenciation sociale
Ji
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• ^ J' V ,>• U;i OJ^' jTI>l 04A JpU OiS/lj
385
social direction direction sociale
orientation, social : J*>\
social discipline discipline sociale
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social discrimination discrimination sociale
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la— » jJ* ^i Y, . jjill ,» ji Ujll f-L-l
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differentiation Jj^l ^p y^i Jsii'j
j- ^^ UT .^dl Jl w _;ud.l > jUi^l o'l
Jp jji)i j* o' 1 distinction j&>l y iiiji
U jU.L " j.>-\l
social disequilibrium desequilibre social
ji i.^.ajJlj i_idl LJ :>^-J Jil kiKiJI iU-
ilaLJI ^jy ._^ LJp yj^ JiU OULJ-I Jahi^.
>v Jp ji aUTL ^L>^l .Ul Jp ,f\ w ^w 1/
social disintegration disintegration sociale
5jU!Ij iS^-Ull jyUl Mi *___, ULJ-I «L J^U;I
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^^ j J*^" *4~* J« l'> jj& Ji «-UJ iiKi" ji
«^>*ii j y ^^i
social disorganization disorganisation sociale
/^ ^_j^ J *Ui _,! ^L>-^l j__H s<.UT .jp
^Liai ^ A, Jl ^jj, j^i y.,1^1 ^jijjlj ji^i
SOCIAL ECONOMICS
j|i olo^jli o~ jj-dl J"**.l _,i ^ J* US'
social distance distance sociale
jlj UT, oU-Ui-l ji jljiS/l j, opUJI ^
iUtllj jfjll J jUL^ ^L* ^ jP-lrt-M opUII
. U,_; JpLcIU, iiWlj jklidlj jukUl Ji US'
formal \jj» jpIj» ^L>^l jpUI li» ^i ai,
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horizontal UUI j-\i>>i\ opUI jjSC; oi^
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social dynamics dynamique sociale
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group dynamics JpUA-I i«tjj : ^l
social ecology ecologie sociale
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i^l Crj&y ^^k^l LJIp j^Ux^ ^L>VI
.human ecology
social economics economic sociale
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SOCIAL EDUCATION
386
social education education sociale
wUl \ y J a r..J i\fi\ i\jj.\ J j^Lj J\ i^l
. i!U» i»*l • **^>«ll i=>L-Xj j
social elimination Elimination sociale
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J>\, jU^>U it-/" -^' J ] *>t<V^ oljkiJI
y (J< aijl jyu j^i jly^l jUI jl SjLI Jl iJj,-*
. ilUiil i^l^MI i^U.1 j, .jLioil .j*
energy, social energie sociale ts-'CJ*-^ illlill
i-JUj ji oU-Uy M^MI Jl£il ^ J&JI IJL» Jaj^j
ipji-l ) i~>rji^ OU-U- i>l» itvii w r«-ij' V-x!_> «-^i«
jl Jjjil j ii-jjl ) i^lPfl OU-l>> ( 4— J^i ;>.>!i
. ( sJba»- ^Jjl>^ »Li!l jl jklill
Jalii»» energism olkU ^_»ai jUaji ^.j
. iilkl oIjJcj >»ljlill
social engineering genie social
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jj-Jj SOjJb- i*lp«-l fiLc'j J» lj: '' J^ A-_ ^
Ui; /i*i>J.I J 44~& jl J 1 —^ 1 iiji— >l »jlji" iJL* Jy?
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social entity entity sociale
^!i iLUi jp s,u v; . ^ i^Mi jsu-iii ^'i
l^TJL— wJ i!jU^. -Ut jV^ 1 J -»»■>' j' ^-jf
social environment environnement social
tj*£. } i\/i\ J.UJ ^.1 J Vl* sjL^l «^l
j£i3 j!l i^l^Ml OLLJIj kU'Sflj JlCiMlj kJI
auji., ioUaMi aJujij jSLji., i_$iir ••> l >^ 1 *^>
social equilibrium equilibre social
)\ ly»Ui jjljdl IJL» j_jSv jS; ■j***^' V-^*r! ^Uadl
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social euphoria euphorie sociale
<^lji j ^->Ua^Ml lis. jjl^ OulSj'j fOi^J
Jl ^Ic^-Ml jlyi-^l i!U- * JUiij JljJl J_JUU
JJLSil i!U- L^JjLjJ • .. liil U- «-lji-1 «J_J U- i ~_p
U^>- jijiMi 0^-1 ^ji^ii Je- kJp ^' dysphoria
. <-aUJI . ^pttil -Ui
social evolution evolution sociale
JpLidl^ 1*1^-^1 oLi^UI JlSCilj iiUill y
** Ik. c—J V-'i jJj ^juSJJlj y«_kl ^U^MIj .uji
. OLUJI aii lilc"
social exchange fichier central
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a-U L^.Ji; j!l cS_r*-^l OUJiJI l»«— ; US' ii»l jl
387
SOCIAL GROWTH
j!i JUlc-r-Ml oU-UJJ iUll l^j,\ } ijj^> U ^ ^||
. iuoll J Sj_y«ll »^">U »ai"
social facilitation frayage social
■_>-_.l jl J^l JaLiJ Siljj ^^-"i/l J„$,,,.-Jb Ovai
• J J» lP" i> U -»^ -A? li? 1
social fact fait social Ju*U»>-)|l -iiljll
social fermentation fermentation sociale
j. «JU- Jl 5* LA- 1 ji ^JlI L. J»_v jjjl UwJI
■ U Ji* J! ^W 1 *J Wl Ay~% Jl«i lei Jai-Jlj jLSil
£-m «-Uj- l»oyLj i-U-JI .a* Ae- ojU- ^j^j)
social field champ social ^l*ar)5ll Jliiil
j_«* 7t IIj./jII IjIipI 4 *l—Jlj Kurt Lewin j&j
J JUAI J jiij^-jll ji^l J* Ja,*. .-y Uu
Oj<j Ji^j^y' klbJji L-ijI U-^J (j^j vl-tjll j-ii
Ujj 0^»jLc_ j^-Li- i.^; ^ajl Jk^j ilf^'j •^IS'
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social force force sociale iutUarVl »>a!l
J\ J* iWaAJ tcj» »aiu_, rOUs^.".! la* jlT
.^^i >ia j*. ^ y ^".i iyji jp ;>. ^s
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social foundation fondation sociale
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j } i (.Ull *iJI ji i^l^-Ml i>jll ji jJI JU*i j. >T
. j^^U «JJ (J>1 J. si t u jl
social function fonction sociale
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Jl OUaiJI si* Jjf) .<o*L»af-l jJUaJ U «*--* j
oUajJI .a* *l j^«j A*^"^' •&" J 'j ^^" ( jA»a»J'
. J^lj JL>wJI i>j!l
social genesis genese sociale
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■ (**' J jl
primitive society JlaJi *^>J.i : Jijl
social geography geographie sociale
geography, social : Jijl
social goals buts sociaux -^-Ui-)_l w>lai*.l
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social group groupe social ^fl«^-)|l ie-t>i<Jl
group ii-llkJl :>jl
social group work travail de groupe
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group work : yijl
social growth croissance sociale'>U^-|.l _£jl
. .j^iil i*t>-MI i»Lc"Sll ^ Jii. U j>1I Olc ji
SOCIAL HEREDITY 3gg
social heredity heredite sociale social immobility immobilite sociale
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i^lc^^l J.U'S/1, v-U U** jo^o iljUl ,ju£ y labour immobility villi I £$\ -ji : J Li,
u ^' social imperatives imperatifs sociaux
social heritage heritage social ^liar?l Oljll *^^?ri ^i)^
Jll iilriJJ JiJI, obWIj jJLfcll, JIJI * „* ' v . p
- r - c^ cr^ ^y ji .^j .ji^-i/i ^ ou%ji j. iiui jruii
■>j^ J! <«r> J"j ipu + l 'J 1 -^ w^ jj&
Ji^L»
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jl
social increment accroissement de
social history histoire sociale VlisJ-'fl »J ,lsll A .. . -.--.. ,-,.-.-
sT^^> C?J production du groupe *pUj>JI rlsil iiUj
" -*^ J social decrement «pLJ»Ji ,-LjI yui : jliJi
j-jUl i-ljj Jp ^ jlT ^Jil .LfNl jp "^ social '"equality inegalite sociale
^ js^ ^ ^ ^11 y ^ ^ r>' ^ ^^' t.^ 1 4 "^' ^'
J ^Jiij iJ>Ji v ijij _Uij ^.ui iyji_,
social inertia inertie sociale ^Uar)il ijiijl
social history in case work histoire sociale
des cas individuels i/ill &!»>• ^ ^U^-^l jujUJi
J~ j^l at- L. o y Jll iljb-Sll JtbiJ. J. Li w 1 ^' Vr' Li j'j-^-'j ^/Irt-Ml jjSLiJI i-jli-
OLL* J jvJI ^Juijrf^ .Lfej Lj*^*:' ^W-Wl «. jis j«- J j|l_, 5jUJ|_, iJL^Ji ^ i_j_Lyi
social hygiene hygiene sociale £*U»-^I jk^ill , ,
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^c. 'UU .0^. cflj .^1 i^ j, j^ U >^>' Jil ^'i
.Wy-td'^^Sli^iBJl^JP avail j>l infra-structure :>l
389
SOCIAL LAG
social instability instability sociale
-UJS" . A»^»il Olo>-j i_jJi>" Jv jjl_jJI »Jp «il»-
social institutions institutions sociales
institutions :Jil
social insurance assurance sociale
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i*t»-^l >lili git; j. iL^i Jl _»-v. .It
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j; "& JJ^a \A* jtU^j i^il ^^Ij J^JI Otitis'
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invalidity insurance
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death insurance
Slijll
maternity insurance
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old-age insurance
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pension insurance
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sickness insurance
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survivors insurance
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unemployment insurance iilkJI .ui
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social intelligence intelligence sociale
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social integration integration sociale
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social interaction interaction sociale
jl ,_$! . iiL>»< <*lc=r' i_j»l_y j jljiNI j* **y*£- j™
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social issues questions sociales
4f-Ua->l liCaill jl JJLll
JUrNI w Lj_j Jil i_Uil iL>*JI J>JI ^.IjSIj il»ji-i-j
lUiil ,\ JJUI J_po; ji jSCf ^iJJuj Oji.il ^ LJk
jUI ij)jj>) lf^»*i li <L*t»-l OU-U- Jl iup^-Ml
social justice justice sociale AltU>-^t JllluJl
_y~ap JS" 4J w Ua>«J -**^J ( iwif j jlji^/l jjUj
. <0ljU» J
social katabolism catabolisme social
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j£i, Ula^lj ^l^-^l OLJI Li. jj&l .Ijr^l (^^i 1
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social anabolism : 'JiM
social metabolism
social lag retard social >U^-^I JiLhJI
lag, cultural jl2l jjiiJl : Jill
SOCIAL LEGISLATION
social legislation legislation sociale
idl
t J»*-j owj .Joj' J» ijP^VI iljiVI i3ji>- jjyS
elf- ,4 *:: J ^Ul ^ SljUll J;i»*J Jp J^ju US'
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social liie vie sociale
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obUJI JUL" <. U*i iUloll JUJI Jl ^j
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social maladjustment aiustement socialement
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defectueux
JiljJI fJ*- -jU-I j*j . a^>J.I ^ <<»UJI joUUi lit
JiljJI »OPj ijJLUI iet'f'yi s_JUailj < ( _ / kiiJJ
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maladjustment jilyll «ji. : ^fci
social man homme social JpU«s>-)|I jlLWl
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Jb- J) OlfLi-l oJlA jSJjj -j^-L-J' '- J J»J , J ilillj
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social maturity maturite sociale ^Usf^l jyilil
iyUI OUUil «»wilj iinsu Ui jj-SU; jjl o-jJJI
ou&ll 'Jf £*k^ Ja, US' JkUll .jl>ii-lj «iijj
390
social medicine medecine sociale
aJliJij obUilj i^l^VI J»L>"" *— !j^ Jj<i (J*
^lyVU li,j JjJ US' i ^ly^i iajlil Olaiailj
jUjlS" A-*-t>-l i»^J» Oli i_jU»I jp IU7 Jil i^^-VI
J\ J>\jSi\ j- tf Ik. J*' ^JiiT . j-iJlj oljJidl
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social metabolism metabolisme social
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jUaVI J orliVI SjOill ^i a>Ul SlUlj iU-loJl
cf . social anabolism
social katabolism
social mind esprit social >-U^-)|l Jioll
^lill J Jus ^!l apU»JJ ijkJJI 50»-j!l *; i_j^ill
. ic-Ui-i i_j_; ^ii J;«-t»-Mi «iii)i i^j^' 5 j^v
social mindedness conscience sociale
itlrt-VI JTlill J»- iJji_ J^J j>J il>VI «Uil
Jlj^Vl •i r jZ-jII Jp fji j *^t»-VI Jlj^VI Cxr=^ J 1
. l^JUx; jl UJL&i OUVlj i^l^Vlj iiUaaMI V-.^-'j
social mobility mobilite sociale
il^J :iij>d\ j, jlp> iJUj >T y^i jT y Jl
J; Jj^jT JX-V jl JeV jj^j j vertical ^-0
horizontal Jil *Jj»jy^-.jll iLDl Jl LjjJI iLDi _v
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391 SOCIAL ORGANIZATION
social morphology morphologie sociale ^j iUi_. ^L«r fjJr 1 **j>>- £k cS-^ 1 cS'J'
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r -^ij S>j ^U'j ^jyj ^./Jj OlSLii • *0^' ^
*»j^ i jail >_j Joj j!l > iJU-U'lj io-_.UJl „"_,»«* j s _ # - , T
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category of j«kdl i.jli*- i» (jj social space
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social problems problemes sociaux
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social sciences sciences sociales
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social secretary secretariat social
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selection, social : Ji;l ^^ *-* ls ' *-^J ^.j-*' ^'j^ 1 V ^ J - i >" ^^
JU- ^i jj.b .flrf-VI »Mj «^ j»^ <JM ouSoll
social self le moi social i^Ui-'il oloJl ^ ■
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^. J-Jj^' W** *- , v - * : i ii" J >"" *~**"--' ->' V-t*-^ 1 social standard niveau social ^UarV k£>u«U
social service service social i!*U»-Nl XumJI (*r ljl -*J i^V-' J ^ y^ 1 ^ 1 <,i »jU«pl l#iLj jl
. i^t»-Vi -Jii . > .liVi Ji («l Ut , t :.t*. ^.JL-ij
social work \ Jx\ ' ' ' " n "
social situation situation sociale
standard : Jai\
social statics statique sociale '^C^rp iljZJl
^j . L- ^ij J >U!i ^ j_; J^b r ->. ji J* Auguste Comte ^ UT ^tt-Vl OjiLil
5j^r v*' oli ^A <uii i*^^ 1 J- 1 ^ 1 ji* ^^ '^ [ji i/^^ 1 6 -»^ JI ^-'j* J^.j •'>*
. I^»- J-»i
social solidarity solidarity sociale
^UarVI jil^ll social statistics statistiques sociales
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solidarity : .^tl *- ' ♦ *
j> j_k- Jp iVoU c ^k^Vl l j* fOiw-j
social space champ social '>U»-Vl Jl>«il ,., , . ^ . ^ ,
JUAI a_<^ y, U'l ii^Jl ji Kurt Lewin cSjd . J^^ 1 »-V. J-aJj /^' ^ v'^-^^ 1 ^^y 1 >
397
social status statut social "^Ua^l £'j\
status, social : Ja\
social stimulus stimulant social
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social stratum couche sociale
stratum : Jiil
social stratification stratification sociale
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strata or classes oUJ»j ijj» «}l -i Jl
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(ji_j i ili' .» Ji*)^ ««i>J.I jlkl _y» tSj»-l SjLvj
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social supervalent supervalence sociale
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SOCIAL SYSTEM
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social decrement ,*lliJI r-^' ,j<»* : J*'
social supervision surveillance sociale
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social survey enquete sociale ^*Uar)ll jilll
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social survival survivance sociaie
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social symbol symbole social ^Ua>-)|l ji^ll
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social thought pensee sociale '^Ua>-^l J^ill
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social traditions traditions sociales
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trait : Jil
social treatment traitement social
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Ul (U^iJIj k_jljk^'i/l jp yi-o 4jli )J*%* jj- jlill
Ljj»Uil ijniji iibiK JU»I J ^Jsv <!li ljjb« OVS" lil
. iic'lill SjUSI Jfr
social values valeurs sociales &C*s>r'p «-ail
iiUJ J w i»W l(j ' Pj; jl I4L.11 iii ^!l Oli^ail j»
U5* jly^l A^»Jr i*«Jlj i**j^l Ajua J>CJj 4^*
. *l lilo»l jito jl iJ_jl—ll Ol^y-j^ ^y
cf. value, economic
399
SOCIALISM, HUMAN
social wage salaire social -tUa>-VJ j>fi\
4pL>-l (J 4-^*11 ^y» J jit* £y~A tj ^t-(u jl ^ Jfl~-j)l
i; jj^-^aii OL»-L»JI Lp JjxayJI J^ <t^£ It" ijjx>c\.\
. «Ip J.UJI IJU Ji. l^L^o j!l S^Sfl «UI J| >JI £
social welfare bien-etre social^fU^r^' ^*^'
^•jj oi — -jiij i^Lwyi oUo>ji j^ j>i» ^_j
iOU OL_^_. JI Jj^>jLI OlpLi-lj jlji^l SjipL- JI
i*t»-l Ol*">U- »U JI Jjji^ US' i>wi)lj ii-«J
iJl — \y\ SL>JI ^j—^Jj if"'j"** *-»^j i'ji'VI ijru ^J-"
*^J>sil
jUl~
£ i*i
«;jll tLjl (( i^-^N/l ijslijll )) 7-*>Uwl ^t Jlij
. ^ oIjUpI LJI rfUl JlT J!l i^NI
social work service social £*'CJ*- S i\ £.li>Jl
>-*-V".j „-"Lv!l JJ tPJy ol_Jl_j iSLSjj <f~^ **~^ Oli
su j] j^i j oipU*. ji ji/ir p-'opi— ji
(_j^»^* <^-l^»-l Ob jX— ^j t-Sa Ol»*>U- l»Jj_J ic jS"
£»i*J.I JUIj Olj^_. «« Ji^j p-'Li^Ulj p-'U-j *•
Jfr L^Lkj ijPtJj-N' i.O>JI t^JJuj . 4*» Oj-^OJ. l^-JJI
j* L— £>-L>o j* lij *d_>-**J ^L. OUo>- »jJi iJiJ"
OIL* jl Ol — .j. J OLw>«Ilj OLpU^j il^iVI
fUU UL*j iJjlaJ iSUpl jjJU* l ^w$, ^U^ii ikLy,
. i^J i> jiiall OLJji-il
social work administration administration
du service social ff.\\-° r y\ iojji jjjiSl
*j>-jj oLUp jf "C^io Ic 5jb"VI i IL.I J_JaJ
i>WVI iiAiJI ol — *U ^y>\f-\ 3^*^ 3r~^) V'y"J
i»AiJI jjii, CL. SjIjNI si,- »jU!I JjS^j jl i i- j
socialism socialisme i£\jJf}\
oU-li^!lj Ttfttilj oUj^ill > iUlSo* 4pj-»jf
._>*>^Ni j* jkil ^^* - ii/i; J\ v-LJi JSL-j!ij
•JjJL j.Jjj i JLr-ljll *y>l\ ^aij j - Jw»UJI j
*»l»l j ijjdl L."aljl JS'jJj tijtl^-Nl eU>JJ ^^^^Jl
■. j-\ j!i ^u-i j**ii j;> ^ ; nopj iur jSi ^
. ^ ni j^*^- c&. j ^^ r^^ ^ ^*^ iijLii j^*»j vv
•JjU; Ifpy Jj'fe^i Jt i/l^Nl k_j»l ill «^»-j
Jajjj r li"VI cSy k^J *^-\c^r^ i~*z*i\ J jUNl j
^L-NI y JwJI ji iU»Mlj iljjJL, iiLviiNI uiSliij!)
socialism, associative socialisme associatif
Ojjjj 'V.jj* J j Li ) /i* «^U!I jjill j 'j^f'j
J«j»!lj iS"_ / ^iil 3UJI Jp »ji ^1 ( j^j iijJ • ^ jt
JU^Nl ^Uw^ij JLJI ^ ^j^allj i-ilil J>>" vill iT^
ijjjl ii Li kiLli Lpj i^-iLuJI L>^« jjUdl J^j.j
i-jjdl ^y" US' » jji'lj ^Lj'NI -kJ Jji jj!l ^ L>
U'lj .jr^ilVI >Li!l >~ ^Jb LTj .lirr" JLJI
phalansteres oLJjU; J jjTjUii jijiNi *. »ji
. colonies oi^^iw. jl ateliers J^jj j 1
socialism, Fabian socialisme fabien
£uii iri^i
Fabian socialism : ]a>\
socialism, guild socialisme corporatif
guild socialism : £,\
socialism, human socialisme humain
human socialism : )i>\
SOCIALISM, NATIONAL 400
socialism, national socialisme national J-\c=r^ Jy'^j ( ••■ ^ ^/-^ j>^ 'J~«Jl oUU
national socialism : Jil
socialization socialisation &L»»> VI isiyl
socialism, scientific socialisme scientifique
_,^i_ ^>- ffljiia it. jlji^l J-^iJ If. «y ^11 ^ij^lj
Marxism C-T,ai : >l -uiL L. ^IJi J yx } -.1^. JiLB ^i ~*e j iiUI
~»j jjlij jjjj ii) j* jlji'jU **id.lj i-j-dlj »li\l
socialism, state socialisme d'Etat tfjoli £f'A\
state socialism ; ^JiJl
,^-b'- T
socialism, Utopian socialisme utopique
iiiii tfi^i >' ^ ^^ ( ji ^ u+l ^ °^ 1 1 ^ 1
jL. J It. I ^ jijSLill Juo <JI l*j ^JUI ^jkAll
I
jj^ ^.j 1 ^s.jjj L-v J jj^j v.j>j J>-r- sociations relations sociales&Uar^l olbWl
. . ? -* w "' t - L W -
*&*»
iJjLJI i_jyiJI O-J ,J«- T^Ua^ail IJL» Olijl^l. J* j
. <ju>i ouiui 4 itirt-vi jjlji t ^irf-vi
US I 4, c~«^ L. j, ^l jJull w *iiUI jj>-jj UUH JI
j* UU-\I -J w/ L. ^j ; jlkL-j <\} } »Ji; j»
jjj&ill «N> Wj IJA, . j&\ i_,u ^ jIjujIj J}U^'
w Wi U>_ ,_,_-! Jp xj>- ^t»-i .It »U ^_^-j Ji society societe *3>«il
.o-l>-jJlj jy*>Z>) •\ A J* w ^ ^-i^>*-*j ~& }*L* a»Uj j*^
i-rjiii > u,ui ^i is\^i\ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ l^ ^ j, .^ J.
-**• w -Tj^ V. ^^ ^y 1 scientific socialism
l*i=_» i^ai ^liji! iJa« w ^.i U JUJI ^ SJLw O.U-
cij^i. j** jSi, CiLsaal «Uil jliil AfLcTI j*c_ N
socialism of the chair socialisme reformiste . <JUJ Sjj^' i,.^',:!! Jl£i\l »-Jr
SJbMl Ai"ljjil
jji" > >jt
Ji
society, class societe stratifiee 'iiJl «*^«Il
J LJlil. O^ ijSj i^jO. s *-' t -
U.U.H UJail Jl_^-I ^jw^J JI y,X CJlTj _/* «^UJI i^'l^l OUJail ^ XJ_i Jjlf" A, J>-_^. ^j.'l
, w uji ^>j > ) ^uiu i^wi oUj^jji j;> j. ■'■jr^ c-uu'\i ^^ ta. jr j^j ji. j^l- ^i
401
SOCIOLOGISM
iUUJl **id>l iiUJ JUaJ J J^y
society, classless societe non stratifiee
«^il U» ij-J \ ^iiiiTj JJaJI jjLJI ^Likilj LUI
. ijP^-Ml oliUaJI ,»U.I U- it li i^-^i ouu;
sociocentrism sociocentrisme M^ 1 *ijO*
^Ji' **2»>ll jl Jyi'l ULiuc ..U'.-j i^j Syslii
■ ^! £V- '^ j^ J, -> f 11 * 11 fy J* ^! s/*^.
sociocracy sociocratie ^U^dl #Ssm}I *Uii
Je- iW-dJ Auguste Comte wj ^k»»l
J~=)' Ji> ^ J 5 '^-- 01 u-^ 1 > f>- <#■»» f^ 1
. ypyill iUil «llij ^Ul
socioculture socioculture 'tSjJ^S jt£|l jGsll
. U^ JjjJI Je-UJI M>- j* iiUillj >Mj^il <»-i ^ijl
sociodrama sociodrame j'j*^' J~«
Jjfjlill »_,i c_^ v-ij^l! iJUJi JSUjli ^jl>-I
. oiliilj «-U.j^l *--;j-*J j
ana. role playing
sociogenic motives motifs sociogeniques
5UJI &U»r?l gjJti
sociogram sociogramme ^fryfy^ 1 ^Q'
i*£*MI Oli%J' »ii«i" ^JJI Jx»JI 7w»y «1«; j>- j*
... ^Jl S^U^Ij >Ulj JjJlS" i^Url
sociography sociographie ijX^p lily«i«Jl
sociolatry sociolatrie
«!»- JbJlj jU)ll o^j .a* ^i^ll jUp!
sociological determinism
determinisme sociologique C^-jlj^jlJl a!«mI
o^'jii ur jo>« ^iyiji iiyji j! ^jj ^iii .lit^i
i»j jUp^I J «Uf"\l li» Ji^l ^j i^LJrlj iiUiJI
VrjJjJIj i^-jJjSLJI J.lj«!l jj't }\ ij>" OliVsi'il
. Ulji+lj
sociological singularism
singularisme sociologique 'C^jiy^y^ ~t>S?-'}\
sociological theory theorie sociologique
>\^-^l IpljiJI OU»LjJj JaU'lj io^lli J~a£ ^J~>)
. i^\i^\ SUJl i^UJI -»U.lj ii>ll Ollb-^ll
theory i^' : j^ 1
sociologism sociologisme ZjrJj^Jjs fcjl\
SOCIOLOGY
402
jjfr IttjjJajj L'Uj ^ JjU«Jj Kjy\ji\ J*l_ji!lj (j
J «_* ^1 > j^ 3 jU^I jlUilj -ill jll*. Jj^"
'j^- 5 lS *~^"_rjr-">-J' *i^*^' W*-"^" ^UU^* *l~a>«-*
sociology sociologie fk*\^ (Jp
JJ1 j>JI jjlji J! J^JJ jt&U jUjil J jXJ US'
• ^*j«"J lf»A* J aJL-J^I Odu^J.1 »Jl» U. /wait"
^uijj i*^jii i-ijjji j* ^-i/i > .ji US'
sociology, applied sociologie appliquee
Jjrt-NI > JfLis- £^J ijl£.l ^jJb ^JUI JUII _,»
^^1 c -JLIj Jr-^ilj JiJli i^Ldl oUljaJI d*JI
V^Nl i-Xilj J>)^}\ JaJaiJIj Ju^l/I ilijllj
. ^Irf-I/I C "5U1/I U> ^ ^1 jj/s/l j. ^Ji J! Uj
sociology, educational sociologie de
I'education '<4ilj^ f_L«is^Vl J*
»o* ijt lJ>Sj U^ jjljjj ijijSl JiJl ^jjo
sociology, historical sociologie historique
oU. : Je- Jj^uJi i-itjb!l oliUI JJ»«a pi
SjLa>JI jl .»~»J.I _^J jl'jjia; J i«Uil OUl/NI
. i-w «l£i» Ji>o" J j^u^" Ji jl
sociology, industrial sociologie industrielle
i»l_,0 IP v^JxJI 7>»L«J "L^-jJj—^-Jl *i^*~'' J^J*
Jv«UiJ|j_j UM «^>«ilj ipL^aJl i»">U- i-.ljj w ^>^>- fj^J
sociology, medical sociologie medicale
jIjj^Ij ^5U!I jjoJ ^.iLdl .Ul i-ljj j^ii ur
.(...jJI
sociology, occupational
sociologie professionnelle g^i' ^|*?'5'' |*T
sociology, political sociologie politique
'^.Ul ^t»ar>l ,Jf
^lrt-1/l .Ul. Ujjb ^-^ j. v-LJlj.l^il ^jO;
4_,L_jl oL— JLI ^r-j-4 US' t Lit U^lj'j i»Ui)lj
a^i^ail J\j J—-LJI i-jIj^-NIj i *^"J' f*3 V"j"
r
Ull
sociology, rural sociologie rurale
403
sociology, urban sociologie urbaine
Jj^ 1 J^ 1 J ir.j \jJ»& i*t»^l yUU)l ^jX,
Jil O^Jdlj l^kJa^'j l^iJUi^ ip/l" ,iL. ^.jx US'
. UjUj
sociology of art sociologie de I'art
sociology of knowledge
sociologie de la connaissance **^ J^*?"! (*r
j» J»lf'i ^ oli^UJl jUI Jl ^-i'^JJI JUll
(jvj Olj^^aJU *»Ullj •iSU-Mj OlJlinllj jl&M
jTj, ^JJjuj .Li j£; J\ iibUI i*L^I L»j>ll
ol>Jl j* <_•„.>. ^L ij&ill oLaU'^i iLjl
^ jj_J US' L,-*^ Jp L+LiNj iyJI ^jW^l^
j^»i. jlkNl ^^ J «Ui ^111 is" t »L)I Jiilll Uj^k.
(^J_«j t I A { Jom Ji\ i«-SJU UljsOj jlSvi^/l ajjfc
Ol — .jLlj JtJI j a—*Jlj J.J«.-JI jil*- JJ UjUuI
sociology of literature sociologie de
la litterature w/>*}|l fUsi-l J^
Ol_i^j JaS/l £&MI Li j^. ^1 4JI ^jX
US' i S»l_^5)l jUIj jjljij tiUj jjl^ U jl-li»j »I_^S)I
jkj jtSj i jjji .uij j£r a^JlI ^ s^u ^jj,
. ,iUI Jl
sociology of organization
sociologie de I'organisation ~ja^ f^r\ &
;4jjj^iJI 4jlj.sU 4«_*U>_> «- ^"i/l Jp Ol jOi J~laJ
Lrt-u^l., iibUI WSfl oli oU.ii-.jl i-lji j
J^ 1 <^' J*
SODOMY
jljjil IJL» ,t.,;.jj •*^. 1 -^'
£t»^ > J i«U)l i>Jl
sociology of religion sociologie de religion
'gjjjl ^ar>l ,Jp
•yui i-iji Jp ^i^jji j£ji\ 3 ^»Uli j_k;
Jp j-jJ-j US' iikiAl i^.aJI JiJU jLJ^AJ ^aJI
J ^iiJ Jjl ip-jidl jLs^fl j_^j »y- ^aJI M.U-'i/l
lfa;>' ^31 UNI ji ii^j iib>»ll oUv>J.I oULi'
I ilj»-ij i*^j>-MI Vj^' '-r'V" ct!J olilill »Ji*
sociology of work sociologie du travail
J\ oUUul j, iJUll oli^UI ^jx ^JJI JUII
i;Pt>-^l Jj^\j r-l^^l >-»-V. 4aL^JlI olldl L> j^i"
JUaII ^Jl j^e-j ,Jt-JI *ii^!lj J*«JI *-* jp iiLJI
J— IjJIj oUdl J^Ij i»fi/lj ij-ijli ^^U*^lj
sociometry sociometrie
W
Ul
Jp UjI^pI; kilijj ,j<»>vil « <»; »Uf >jPli«j jlji'i/l
j« «j<-kj JU*"i/l *>-jij u *vi 1 o^ in-**; i'j*^ 1 »b'
. cut y Uij^ 4<jS o->-
socius cellule sociale
^_j iS-^j-'i/l Jp J OjJ i'^J' 'j**^ 5Jj>-j
%Mj ojUpIj j^Jj ^r-^j ^j** '-'^ 8 j^- p ^ tr^ 3 >*"
. ijP^NI oUj^llj oU>Ut j. £Li J
sodomy sodomie
-bljUl
sexual perversions £-ii.l oUIJ>JNl : jiiJt
SOLIDARISM
solidarism solidarisme
jaL&dl wJtJio sophism sophisme
404
A*^' ViLol jl k_-»ill li* jUail (_Jj;j . iwiLJIj
solidarity solidarite
jiQull
5UJI J ^ LT JaLdl j^l ji jjtll i_L*
jlT Oii i^il J~ »_*iil IJA J^l Jjdlj
. iJjl-ll J •CpLj>- »« }j£\ J-Lal Jl ijLi^J fJ»«i-i
organic solidarity jjlaiil j^UiJI Jlij
. u\ji\ jjU; i_ikj ^jjl J^nil
aykUii! mechanical solidarity J^l jiUaSlj
jJ«j Xp fljsl^/' J'*' 1 '. i-Jucj jylill J j^LiJIj
; JjiJUdl (JCjOU y ^Slji 1 J* *»L_ jil Oji Jj»*j <l»ljl»l
. jjjJJ jLall jjl» J»-l y>j
teamwork JjjJI r-jj : jlaJl
solipsism solipsisme 5.L»-jll oioJi y_alu
jlj iSj^-jll ^» Ujj-j Oljjl ji jjb > ».!•
u >yr) n o^i ^ai j_^jij .uS/ij ^ujS/i jr
. jyiJI iJljil J .IjOil J*. Ji>»i U jJJu \l
somnambulism somnambulismefjiJI *ttl ^111
fjij ijiil L* ^w i jvUj>l (j^ljP^I J* jyM iJl>-
■ **y J* !««:*" ■ ; U.UP IftjS'-b "i/ 3-Un» iiLi« OlS"j»«j
song, popular chanson populaireii&JI &e?l
JUJI jl US' . J^JI iii. —j- ^uiJ ji ^^iJI jp
i^>l> Jlp! jjJij-^^JI J 5Jb-j »^U* >_ikj ^jjl
. Sj^cdl <U_»U iS>Jl j l»L_jl Asrj, Jii\ ji il
CJj J if Jli!l iJUjJI Jj4«!' J j_j-Jlla-J_ > — H _^t
ti~»L — llj iJUiill oU^omII OjtSj ijslji^fojl 4J Cj_j»
0^1" ji J>- -f. J-UjO! illaiJI JuC JI i^UJI C_-j
>_JL-lj jLJi - , U' U...U.J jjJUa-j_j-]l »oii . w »«jp
tjJJU* lj»--»ij Joi-I JL^x-l lj.L,i ^JOj JjULI
. ^JUJL! Uj Jiilil Jj>ci iUUc ^jJ^j
U>a<u i-i-ii!l i fcljll jj^ijUj j^'Ux— »_j !' jlS"
I J iiTm ,. i jl jjj j 3 * j' «>fc>«-> IaJL>-I «^*>- jj*xiwj ^w.i
U>iw ObUllj J'iU-'i/lj JliJI jj^ijUjj . ia...,UI I y»
. jUJ^/Ij klUJI Ijplili >_^>uJI <_<k>o -Cp ,_^*r!
jjSo (_jiJI ^-Lill Jp jkil ^ il»_^JI jU«jj
«a>JI ('l-L-y- -Uai t iilS" O^Ujj *>*^*-e <jL«Jjl.
. 4JISL.I ,
sophistication sophistication
iialull t <bj«^l ' Objk^II t ik-Xjl
<uy"j iiUjIj jO-I > iJliJl iJiil'i Jijtify JU^S/I
. jsu>Ji
sorcery sorcellerie SijiiJl t jUaJI j»«JI
jL jiip^i w ^ui jp Sji^jJi ^ }J % iUi-^i
jl iljiNI x<» j^ jl ^t J-«»~" ^»-V. i»jl>- iy U
. a«^I
sororate sororat ii-jjjl c>l j« rl>j!l -Ijj^-Jl
«i>-jj iijii ^ J^"j" l»Lai4f TJ_rt ^'1 aiUJI
j* riyj OliUiil ^/»«; Jj -V,^' i5^™' V~f?***' TJ-i
kLUi *^« wilai l^o Jai^i ^1 JjJj Sjlall »JlA i-jLiT Jrj"
. ^1 >JI J
levirate : J±,\
polygamy
sortilege sortilege y»jll -»j jj^li jt islyjl
divination iil^Jt : Jn\
sources of information sources conformation
405 SPECIFICATIONS, STANDARD
soul Sme (J Jfc|l spare time loisirs fc I Jill I CJj
i ill 5L>- iij^ <cJJI j» J.I u o£«, . Jl ij^iOl , ,
■^ ' -^ • •»" -^-^ ^ • ^? f^ leisure ; ^t;l
specialization specialisation ^aJomJI
J-oijj ~J^I Jp J»« uy v_-»lail lJ a>u ^ j>j
iiJi, ij# >.NI >JI «jj . loJU Jiuj OjLl; <CP J -»'ji j~ >* J* ^^ J' V^ 1 ^' ^
. jjijii .uryi ^>ji >Li!i j* ^Uj t -^jj ^^> ^'^ w ^u J* w ^^Ji »>.j >s* ^
OljJi!' OjUJ 4-U- i "Ja If iXUJIj 4_«-J^ OlUil J
Ob JJUs- j*Uo Jll Sjjiil jjpj 'Jj-^ 1 Jjy v yi*»JI f\j\ Jjclj . J»*!l iit J ijl^l °- 5, J ^" «"
Oll»jl>iJ.lj o-Ull i.l_JI O^JIj Vj£oJI °^' i-L_Jlj JUdlj j;jjl_, .^UJIj j^llj «pUJI J j*~ai*£\
J5l'j Jl 5jU JJUjJI —iJ, iOl^illj OllkiJIj ... jjl ijb^lj
sovereignty souverainete SiLJl J^ 1 ^-^ J 1 ecological specialization
4J Js-jj U * lJ o-£ ^jjl J»\l J*. 3>»JI dlUU
r . «Jl ,»:>UJ iik^j ilJ-i
JjjJI OLUUI 10,. *r\y UT t Jlj«lj ^U^il j, c *
i!^ Jf i >Jl «*UII j. >*, . £J UJI «j ^1 institutional 4_JpI^II ^1 '^^j
Oyiai > ^r-j j, tf >f a>. iSr i,U «L- ob r^'j ^ U:i ^ 1 f^ ,J ^ f ^Specialization
• V-'J>J V^ 1 —^ V^ J-*-* 1 j^ >JI>i ^>»JI ■ ^>^' o* 'Jr* 1 * V 1 ^ 1 *^-» V* J^Ji-J ts-^ 1
oUai «j c-j^dlj JJUdl <j SljUJJ Cui^iDi a*,, J -^Ji ^ Wi S - Ai > 11 -^l*^^ 1 u^w^l 10* j_^j
<J<j)i v - *' Ji ? ,;; ' r'**" 5J— *"■?■ j^ { ~~?~ *iJ"^ oU^s«Jii
. \s-\^~i\ j/i\li^\ i_jdti*» jt \j£ UU- i^jJ;
space, social champ social ^U^i-Vl Jl^Il
specialites, cultural specialites culturelies
social space : }*\ , „ , ,>
space, vital espace vital If j^J' Jl^Il
v aljiMI OlS >~ .Up I \i iJjli- ^il iiUtil j^.U
^u-i jjjjd oaSii j. .i^si >« i«*^i i> j^.^, ^^ ^ uir 0I5LJ , ^ ^ ^^ 0jJ
. SjJwJI Jj4JI j. V-Mj*. ^L*. Jt j^Jjj ^ ( i _ ib ^
span of control etendue du controle specifications, standard specifications-etalon
JOtydk; i-^iciiiijlt
vU jl^l j^Ij ^j ^i ^011 3 1>S/I iAP oUodlj OUWI ^l>J «J^il j«Ull £»j
. aii J-JI Jp c.Uj o>J ^ j, ^^ ^ Ujjtj ^ 5>rS/lj i^ 1 oLJUJIj
control, administrative i jbVI Jj'jU : jiiJl oUl^VI « ^.^>b' i--U «U ^lil j» ~Ull cc^O:"
SPECULATION
speculation speculation
406
^ jj& j^ill L. pi Jjl JUiMl jl Ji!l J ^j «J*
ijCall spiritism spiritisme r'jJ^ 1 •/*■*■ v****
jpi ^ J~ \> ^ji jJ ^ ^ioi^ ^ .iyji j
speech defect defaut de prononciation
^jUII »^Ji j*. JUj jil j»'.tAS3l olli_>i
.^' ^^-b Oj^ali oliJ_>i_, stuttering
■Ok; j jjj3Ij .tA&l i_w Jilis^l .lk*-i j^Jj
cf. aphasia
spell charme
SX>JI c ityl
charm : Jil
sphere of influence sphere d'influence
f J ~ tS^^ 1 Jj-JJ ly_J>o" -jjiJI iik- aj_0»»j' _Juj
. iikil i.^»- -1^1
^|i lljli J* ijiJi iik- i,-u J ja ji j^^- ajj
oUji-ii ,y C-U" 1^ i U *%i ijiJl «k-. J«- j* y^j
. «L.l£)l i^l \*j£ J\ oUiLJIj
spirit possessed possede de I 'esprit
V-'A- j' «J L ~ ; >' 1 ^ ^jjii d>j J jU»^i
. .ik~ ji j-ii .l^i juj^i v^u_-i j jij Sjii-
ji OLjS/I J_.'l AiUJ.1 ijjkJl Ol JiJl _ou-j
iLi-jJ <JlJ ^-^r* 0^ °j'-r p f l*J^" "Lr**" ' *■**
animism *~*~> ar I
spiritualism spiritualisme ^J^-'-'' , V*^'
' uiysr ^y^i <—-* jli ij> j^i Ls-JJaiVi i^ — ^
If^JLait r-jjll i*Jl««iljj »■»>»-_); Ji— • l—f-* lP"
. 4S"^-j jIjluI j^ ijljjl
jwiJ i)Uc— I . »Jil IJla ji __jJI ip j — T
<JjL_i. ^j i^Jj—jill ykljkil i-^iJI y I Jail
. materialism ^lll i-ijll
spoils system favoritisme ^i.y-^ f^
^•vjo X*- vJryikJ.' j^'^r* Ji~ Ji* fj* tS-^ »lkJI
^jjsJI jl jUpIj « JUJI ■Iki I) ^—>_) i"UJI i_>j»JI
. . ; UV iiilS^r vjSUil jTljll ~j:_ «-U!l
sports sports £j^J\ olilVl
Jlkll .Ijil ^ s^U ^jU ^iJI JaJI J.l£jl JVSCii
.jWI_j ~ i-l Jijfc ij -*~»ij iLJI jl i«dl Jl i^jJjj
UT w^jll ^UNl ^j jvjjj* ^ililj viJ-^ 1 u~A>
. ^jiJI w-Uil ^ j'lill yk
athletics ^_,ill . .UJl : ^k;i
spying espionnage WtiflrJ 1
cf. espionnage
stabilizers, economic stabilisateurs
economiques ^iCaJ^I j'j*-"^' J?'j*
.jjUa^/l ^iJI jl^i-,1 Jl jcx J\ J.ljJI
407
STANDARDIZATION
■ f'jj'j ->«~iJI Ol^-J j ivaiJI SjUI
stability, social stabilite sociale
social stability : J^\
staff personnel jJUlill £* ' Sjla^l $>y
oL^u^ J* Jj; LS" . olidl (^Oj-I j j^L>w j. JJI
Jii ^i staffing ^jjjy : J&j . «_,jIjVI ikUl
*-ijJjl Oljl^llj jljp)fU ijli^l i^Uj .ju'ltjll
. i_-Lll
stagnation, economic stagnation economique
J\ iJUJI jp 3jU ^UaNl jlJdl J if)\
i<Lil> U "ill jjj; } \ Jtii^^ Vj tjU r-tJ^I l^i j_£,
stakhanovism stakhanovisme 4J^iUcJl
^i ji ;_j vr^Mi our ^jj j^ji jij ^
^Ju Jjl>- Jil JwJI jj ^ ^liVI j i_iUll £j£.
ti^-UJI j>)l jLijI SjJUil j>ll J_^- ^ i*L^il OLLJI
<■*! <4*y g? 1 J-^ 1 J"> '^y^ g-x ^jj" j-* *J-»
. OljU.^1 j. jji&l
standard niveau ^ j-'J i t.tili
jl i-jUilj J;lj~JI j» ( _ > <»L<-.„J ^1 SOpUll j*
J ijlill jl iilkJJ ^L-lf *^_yj iJLUJI <UljjJI
jl ijjiJI jp «UiU£ i^JI jl «_U ^Uil jl JLislI
. j^JI ji i^SI j\ ^jll ji 5JSs)l
gold standard « . »jjl SjipU » jLaa^l J- Jlij
*j i»-iJi soj-^ jjSL" ^jji ^JiJi »lkjr u iJV-iD
standard cost cout-etalon Mj^ u4JlS3l
^LJ Jp ^U;)|l JJ Uai. 3 j>J J\ OJIS3I
»IO»»^-lj iik>J>l ,JaJl&!l ijJ.^LS! jvl<w »lo>^-l
j__,a^-j «_J*i!l jaJlS^l Jo iUJI ^ jvUll »oa
. olilj^JVI
standard deviation ecart type ^jCill wSljwJ'il
~V-y>*\ (^jUxil cJI^JxjNlj 4-ifr J^ Uj IjZj^ftl jljJl« J*-
^j^JI j-"r' ^* ^> > "' °J^J itjl— »JI L$ii-»j ^^>
standard error erreur type
standard deviation [sjCii J»l'
standard of living niveau de vie *'• 'A\ £f-j>
Jll OUJiJIj »l_!l jljjj: iijJll ^£y—A ZJoCj
;aIT y^iJI ji i^\^^\ till jl 3^1 ji ■>>!! Ai-o
i>-jOj lij »jjJj J_b*i «LJI J« jlOiil I jjkj t <Jp J^muJI
. oUoiJIj «Li! ip^VI
standardization standardisation j^V'i c U*,^li
STARVATION
408
\j£ Lli" Isolyl *,lii Jjl r ipt"-Jiu jli i«Ja)l J
ioJisJI «i*j .*UJi J j^i_; jl j£f_ jaJI L^oiu iw
»>i'j .«>**Jlj O l . ' . rflJ i »UII jl£/^l j J«f" J)l A
jlf Ijl j>- i^^Ni JiJi y J v. 11 - A^l <J-*
J^Jl ObU, aJlij j^U^I jUlj ^wtsUI .L jl, UN ^
Ol jkJI *-*>■ J] ioJI i«L Ji) i^>-j J* jljSI j jSo:_ j
starvation famine
state Etat
famine : Ji'l
Jiu ^ <i!>i)li i Jul) ^LJI j*ll U j^«iLl
{£f- *' OU^sJlI j«- 0J^_U i
*~-^" Jr* Vj"^* ij-U— ii^lj JjJ)l jl jil jjy -kjjjj
iilfj >lj»lj ^Ijjl iLi- «Jjj)l Jp ^^ LT
. a-«^»j!I ijyj^iilj t^rr 11 " OjJUBI J. l»^i ^1 (^fiji*-
etatism iljjJi olliL. yg } } x*-y : Jlij
federal state ^ikj^'i ifjjji : Jil
legal state il^UJl iljail
welfare state *J>l»y ; ilJS
n j_j>JjS' a ~ili L»j«jj i-tUJt-l ^jjl' L»j *^'_>j"
. (( jj»«i_^ II 4»«j£pJI ipjjllj
tS^L. UjjJJj iJjjil l£Lc" ip_,j. Ji:_ Jlill *-_^)lj
rUi^l Jj^iJ iujL«WI jj>-l vJj'j jiji-^ Jw" iijjJli
. U> &U <IT
* « •
. ^b'^l ^^-^"j 5jL j Jl ^jj. If ipljjSI k_JL.NI iJb-i
state socialism socialisme de I' Etat
Jj Ja)l sljjj rj-^V *!>*" iTI^il ^JJj .11 J^j ^ji »
«»i««ll oUJ» Jv L>^j>i' t>"LiJl; ,_yj; US' < ,« : W 1 !
_,<«; ^JJI JJaJl fLr 3 -' 1 5 j^-* ^*j) .*«t»«il «J^^
JUai »~»yj iij-lil J>-o; Jl jtOJj »JilU ">L_. ijji'l
o^ <U*i aTj; US' iiUaa^l o^UJ.1 J Ifiili
^U- j-\il Jj^jj \ajSjC ^y. — • kJu jj l^jLaiJj apUJ^I
IJL,- j 5jU>JI ,\i j, SjUl-MI >ij U'LilS^I J>>U^I
^ Jl ^1 ^U.1 JUi^i UjJb- J;>» J^:_ <or
/ojjj J i'ljuilj r-^M' <J ijij!' *«lj» Jj-^- ^lc>-'
state, vassal Etat vassal
state, legal Etat Ifegal
CyW iJjaJi
tj^UJ Li i^"l»Jl oLil ^t" Jil jb
>— UJjj UL iijyw Vj'^ -^'^il fj^'j i'UJI <v^i£
SjLJI jjkjj J«~»lj j»«J J*' <-<_>;U!l «jkjS"lj< aO»«£
. ^UJl SjIjV c_Jj dj\-ili ^Li-I ^ LJJl <JS3lj stateless apatride
li <P_jJ.I iijjJI » ^j_J j'/l iijjJ >wai£ 'i'i IT
i'jU^. oU-jj »Jl» ij»Ji iiUJj suzerain state
i-jljf ,_y> iulxll i!jj!l jLy>- i.L ii^su w -»^ L-i Ip
U^-UH L'jL- ^ «j^ L>Lij-l /w vr^liJi L'jL,
> V| iJjJI Jjli!' J iljiiJ M L'i ^Uii Jp ^J^j
L^. iL *jJCj l^Lif Jy" ^!l jji **jA\ i'jJ." jj J»
I ♦jJ-JI
state farm (sovkhoz) ferme de I'Etat
&»&«!l ifrjjll
<i^«» <uU- ^JUdj N L«>. ^.J^l *j-U-
. JjJLH JT i^lj, J L>-i Lii
409 STATUS, FORMAL
ju_jt J ijk Jij j^Uii ^U, ji i-JL-l »Ijl-j1j statistics statistique «Ui»-)|l
• ^ ^ ^i^i, i^uji jju^JI g,- ii> J ^^ >
stateless society societe sans Etat ...".'...
^ , .4^*ij <L^<LJ flj_^» ^S JjliUJI ©Jla Un~ j oi«S~ ,jj
S-lji*- JtS\iij y. jj&. , ^jil ^^u^J.1 ^l_JI jLJI descriptive ^j!l.L«.)|l,»U-)l^jii ^
SIjmJ.1 V"J' kJJUi_jll i~A*a>c\.\ kJeJliiJL jwiillj olk-jii 5j^«« ^ i-aiJU Ol«Ua»-l »Ji j statistics
inductivecJiyi-^ioi.Ua»-\i ji i_Ji oi«Ua»-ij
statesmanship science du gouvernement; ^ j^- ^ ^ or sampling statistics
la P oliti Q ue iljiJi ^f ^j, . 'i^n ,ju o -Uj; jJLH ^u^U
..,„..,.„ , , ■ „ statistics of relationships ol»">Ui oi.U>i.
< :«:>•» *«JL«!I j» f-jif «JjjJl j_^l joj; j&
^LJI (| ^JJ iiiJl ,jla»V i^ j^s J\ ^ ^ C^ °'' ° , ^ u -~ ^"^ -"^ r\
Jfr ji ^»IjiaS/I o-u L. j^r ji j& J!> J5L-j!Ij ' ^VV^ s? 1
. y, iWij ^lj. skLji jj^j ^J^J\ jl» Parametric statistics ^UU oli oi.U^li,
static statique o£lll J* ■ . tJi o i^j; ^iM
i- ... .. -. , i, , .1. ; , ,.,, . non-parametric »^* j)-** J- [ oUl^-N/ij
j.u. J /jl-mi ^ ^ jui .u^,- ji u^- e* f>' v t^ a ^ ui ("^ statistics
statistical maps cartes statistiques
static society societe statique .«„, . .„ , „< „
<u»Ufl»-ill JaJI>Jl
jTUl jl '^JUL>I ^il " ' '
^ >" vIp l>. V ^i!lj ^jUJI LU *^>J.I "' ' ^' ' ' r
y^j. oi^ii oL >, y ^mi ^oir) "" ' ^^ ^ jS " ^ &* ,l densi,y maps
...r..., ' ^ , .distribution maps j»1 JkSI ^Jb-V
j< f-y-L oU^>Jl ^^ku j«s l^_i IT U-j .jruJI statistical tables tableaux statistiques
^>-j .ITU »^il .li oVSCt v JjSjdl ^ Uy* i ri^ i »■)' , Jj'jy
^i^ 1 >'y- v^ ^-a~ ^' Jl« oU^^il J»^i J ^^ rj, ^I oU yi ^^. ^jJJj Jid __,L-f
statism etatisme i£ill ££> wit •""••*««»■' statut formel '^1 />
etatism : ^fcl ^-U-l J ^^i-UJ ix-j ii^ iJi»u ^ill jT^I y
STATUS, INFORMAL
410
lS ~°j^\ sA^f ^Ljt'j J> *J* Uj iiyo- J* *i U
status, informal statut officieux
oJ^-.j iJi^ ipU> J u a^X *Ui ^jjl jTjll y»
"H J 1 ^. ^ j^S" ^ i/0ll ^ •//. jui jj <&,
<u& Ji <kU ii ^-Jl ojT^. J Jy: V ^jjl ^^illj
status, social statut social ^U»-Vl jS"jIl
■-/ ) ^-^ j j^ai <ui ^jji ^£^i jT>i
jO* J^! VV-J ( ^-V 'ufJ '-^ 'cTJ- 1 - '^'
. Sj^ill iTjJ-JI Jpl_^U UJ, ^1 L. pi 5ia>v jljii
ascribed!^ y IJZ ^\^i\ jT_>i o& Ji,
SjU Jajj, _,* _, Co ^ ji jyiJl ^k....j V status
j>Jl «J| J** ^jji jr>i y»j achieved status
. 4_ja>tiJI <J»U5j VjJij '^jfr
t- i*j>Ll jTljll iilidl oU^il j y^jj
■ V-^ll jTljll iuill oluifil J ysJ
statute statuts; reglements
'^L&l flkJI t 0>tfll
tiibJJ vm^t-^ 1 oILLJi t^i: ^j£* jy\* - \
. unwritten \gw >-?j&\ j* o^LaJl J^li
j-Ji »ikji ^ w _>. oi^ ^ji i,jv ji -ik; - r
• V"-*- j' <0* f^*^ *~"^- j' *•!«■ *«-LJr
statutes, personal statut personnel
iijJiij t jai j* iVjiij a*VL «uj.i j;aij
sterility sterilite Jsi)l
. J-JI £bl j iTjLiil J* iljll jl J=rJ\ ijJi pAp
. uij jl Lib «i«!l jj& Jij
k___i jj£j Jii infertility o»UJI »a* Ul
stereotype stereotype
iiUll <kill i^l , juU>JI yJUil
>_j».'rfij oU 5j$j J^li lilJi JW-L j t^til j» Jj_j» jl
sterilization sterilisation i*^"
j^Vi ji /" JJl ^d r aiwj J_Ji Jid U, aL-j
heredity SlJ^Il : Ja\
stimulus stimulant jA\ iaJlI
j\&\ iii; ^ ijjjj ^jjm ji <ju j. u jr
j 1 external stimulus L^ji- jldl jj^ ji^
t
.internal stimulus U>-G
stoicism stoicisme
»U jl ^^j 1 || j^j j D
to"
ii juy ji^i ^i r ^ju,' ^jji jjjiai
jlj i *»rWlj -ill ^ iwU-l ij>.jll j, »j^. jLj^l
. SjU— il ,J-i>«J J>-l jjo iJl—lMI
411
stone age age de la pierre S*<*& ^H
ja*li JUxl-i ijj ^jy. jli s^oai j_j j»j j>^]\
*£ U">U- ^ ijUas- <il»-y" }J*u cSOj iiU ijCjt
.paleolithic
j£jj c^jkiji _ / iii ji jjjkii is}^ ] J^>
\j\Ju~ ^l^i- j<j«<w!l ,j» J&_> .neolithic
. jU^lj £_)lj j,jll jrfc^l L; iiUi„
stranger etranger
alien : ^k;!
strategy strategie tU?j\jLi s i\
■L->- iijjjl t£y— <■ J* iUUJI cjjjjl J eiUJl j>
V^'j ioUa^l Jala^il « ijSLjl JaJaiJI J_J
. iUlS' i jSv—p iUj>J <uU!l iUjJI 1,-1 Juijj 4_l Mj
ijl.u'b/l JLiJls*; ^ V-lr-J' «~>-UI J* <r^" l >-''^ l j
. 4S"_^JJ ^-Jjll oU^/l JjJlwJj ijLail S_yi!l JjJI^Jj
OUUJI /<?»>■ /J*- (I i~>«-jl ji— >l jlj* )) 7slia™a« jUoj j
t. — r Jf- jpLjj J-ij>Jl oLL*Ji Jut; j J>-o; J)i
(**'_A' J* " VJv'^' j^'y" " "^»~ a * J^»i 1»S"
^^1 j *\y, iJjUil i__r J i jSL«!l w.^1 Ob
stratification stratification
social stratification
social class
stratum couche sociale
STRUCTURALISM
... jJI ^">Ulj
j-ujj lower stratum IjjJI ^IdlLii '^J^ ilL»j
. «i^»Jl SjJiJI jyai) V' - *'. ^^V L» J 'y'
jj£jj higher stratum d*Jl &3>]l iiJ^iJlj
. i.S/1 J
class iliji : yii
category 2J31
strife conflit
strike greve
conflict : Ja\
umJ^II J-Jl JLiJ je- C*Uj>- WL>I JL«!I f-Lul
^^Jj ca'canny strike « J* ^r' 1 ^'! ^^.J
^l^-»Jj demonstration strike ^^^~ , -^' , j*- j-^ 1
^Jt- ^r' 1 ^'!^ illegal or outlaw strike f-jjZ* jj-
positive strike jl»J[ •— ->*J— »> j negative strike
J ^jl^.i'b/lj partial strike jj>- ^'Jj>\>
IfjV ^jJ>\) sit-down strike Jliii ^Iji
jLj ^l ,
secondary strike
. sympathetic strike
-^Lkjl ^UJ| ; j^y| ^J^>J|
.lock-out ; till I jL .N> l^lij J*«!l
^IjJI Lj jjSL Jll ^UJIT Jl_^^l ^^ Jj i.U!l
structuralism structuralisme iljClJl . aLT>J'
STRUCTURE 412
iL^U ^Lfr ja jj>\\ 'rj*^ i>> JlfJI »j^i Jjjij JP ^.J,,)! JJ>Jl i-j-U J J-'iUi^l IJA f JLiU-; Y>
ISC-i^Jlj yvii'l U- S_,ol» w -i*J' l^.Af.; .UnCOnSCiOUS »-}lk*»l 4^< "^-WJixl-; Ul j
geslallism CklLiiJi : Jii ..<-... <--.
subculture subculture i^ljjl y i*yill 4*liill
structure structure .g, . ^ ^ ^ >b ^. ^ aia , ^
JjSj .t-^ t ijiLadl y»l>JI j. J«J>I J&l ** u - 11 «*^' J* -j^" <-^ *»>* V-^ ^ Wl „■**
<. V. **^j ' i5>^/l y»l>U «-^' \i Sy>lk JT l*j/ f-j *?j& i * Ui!, ^' V J~~ <£^ *~*^J}
J> J •J 1 .*-' jw 'c_j ^ jij y, ^f SjUj *ui^ c_j v' ^! <£~?~i! fW J^ 1 -^ ll ,>
oUij class structure 'ill j£3i Jl*. ._ . .'•.-„ -*•'..,-',"..
' >»»• subgroup sub-groupe tjyMi t *"*y*l' 4»UmJi
.social structure *t»-\l
, , SJj-jS' Uju -**j . *S"l i*-U>- > ipyil» ic-Lj- Jk
' ' ' " ^ '.j ^ , . * . • V* ^'^"'■' J***' ■*• 1^ <»jv^!' ipU^I J»"Ij *?*J»j
Jtj infra-structure ji-Ji SupUJI jl Ji-\l
supra-structure « jpty .iLli » £jSiiij i!j£ji jjl^liJi subjectivism subjectivisme iJUUJl
struggle lutte c u£j| _ ■ V'^ •>» J! CT>"
i^i subjective method Ijlj £*^ : L " i - J
{V^'j *-»Ul J~^.J> ^/t^ >Ld' Jl^ii J^i . U ^^J J jyiU JJU U \l iJjO; \ ^jjl jlk^l
J»-l y ^US3lj class struggle ji 1 ' £^' J^.J
struggle for existence »l53l
i»U» l;_p«J *;l»* U- il^/^JJ ^Jjji v-JCjl 7»ik^i«
8, v |e st v |e i 1 ^ 1 -^ -J^' ^S/i u>- ^>.i jj^l. j u.u^-ij s^sai jjii
;-..•;,„; „ . ^ ii» J*- Jl i—J-i JJ.I Jy^T jJLUIj i*l>-^i
i^l j_^- j jl »l_Jl jl ^yJl j jj^. JSLi - ->=" i>. - ■ -^ ^-^° - J t - "^
0>i!^ p\P»*irlS" .J^-t»-l J>lA»l; i JjyJI i_>IJk»\l Ji-V"j
r-lljl ^1 > I
^ " , l^J^J 'r'l^lj
subalternation subalternation l^laJl . , , . >>.
" submission soumission jlti^l t ^i>Jl
universal UT i-* J_^i jkil J J>-Ixll; J-*i 5jL _iJ fj~iiJl ji ikJL- j\ j>U! ^^Uu.^1
jjo-subaltern propositioni^i; wJproposition jUi^l j^ J, Jr iJ j-^jll J>Ull ^ fj~iiJl; -Wii j
,>-i3 iJU jl ij»-y. CJlT »l»- ii£llj cJuS^JI j i* ....,,
-^ ■ - ■ subordination : J^\
. cJuS^ii j lf>w ;jl>JlI ijjJL-l
suboptimisation suboptimisation Jliill M^il
subconscious subconscience jj*^' 1 ^-~"
«^*- ^ U - «Jai_j" \ j!l «j*_^iil i—iJI xJlijll ^^ioj JU^j; i»-b. JJlOj Sop ^ ja i»L» jl^>-l JCj»»
It-'j^Ai iyw j^f.^ . j^iil ,«L; jl - Ij-'lj a»- ^j JljJI j J»kki ^ ol* y\f- \.\ jL»l Jp J*'^«"
sublimation sublimation .c^ 1 i c ^*^ 1
413
Ljjjf* Jp J-jJI; aJJUil i--l !l «l£i« ia J y siDi
. JJiill, iiLUI .Li^l J
4Pj-t« i^l — - ^c«J ^jjl^^' 1 \jja U.J7 «^j Jil i^L-Jlj
Jli i-LJl; i_.UlL. .iUij suboptimum Ml*i Uyi;
. jL*M' j oijJdJ ^«j- j>.i xt Li*- jU>-^l «i
subordination subordination ijyljjl .pUa>)Jl
V/* J ^^=r y iji ULiiif »~*j; J" ^J-**-"
. y\ ikL. ^jU" ^i «.U>. J i>J v-Jl Jii
J* ilMjdi ^iiil > J c *Ak^l iji* .J^j
. UUII jTI^JJ ^*J1 jl^l J LJjJt f\}\ £^
superordination .^C^l^i : Ja\
subsidy subvention ilt^l
J* U^jUl i-Uil oL*U a_,jjl l^jj; JII Jill
*>t>- ailjl /jj jA./in II I|-^Jj JjI jl t L*IaaJ <^-l^*
, OljiUaJi
substance substance
SUBVENTION
assistance : ^
subsistence economy
economie de subsistance
_JU&I jLail
• -%— : l^"^' u* r 1 -*^— ^ jr^i ,jaL»al t^
OLL^- ^ 0*>\jlp _jl ~s*j^0 4-pLVI Olj>»J *^j
»J »-jil J«ft 4)L.j oLdl OLjj^ ^1 oiljil -tf _ N
oIpLJ^-1 /f* Ia^ <JP ll™j iU; — • *l 4>w»l— >»JI 4*p\^-NI
j>-">Ua-»N J»jl_^T »-Ak^l li» .oio-j L. '\.£ }
J»U&< «.ijj _ji subsistence farming wJU&i v-">ii
jij_. j fJ^~; L-ue-j subsistence agriculture
**>-_j .l../i ' l Jp -UJ>J iol-b O U t , 'f i^juey L>-_jj_^ ^^ jr I
asljiM Ji»u M iUaal jjii -^i jl Li I j& j^ll
. J»li£il ^ji_ Ml
subsistence urbanization LjUSvJI _i»J JUL j
. Jaii
^iUj Nj i—ij «Jli)' ^y.^' y ii— ^U.'i -Up y»_>Jr-l
accident ^^J 1 ^Lij >• ^ j 1 OlS" tjjt»- o^ Jl
~i-l» . y» Li" JJi y>^-' let; JjJ; j' jy* ^ y^
substantialism substantialisme
Mill ijjUyr s-^Jji
^^Jii it'iaJi J5LS>JI jl j^ ^JJI J_LiJI >_j»jJ.I
^_j»- _^ Silll jl j\ ^l l«rijjl jS^:. J!l yljliil
. ;_jili j^"i^ «-_^? <^ — ^) ^**"
substitution substitution JlX^I ; J*jG-^l
^il^J.li i. t ->U ^uSlI JSL-_^l J~ i..*>U ^Ml JJL-jll
Lu* »jUpI J U-ilj «J_JI (ju oiJUU iL-j J~a»l Jii;
^jJU! il_-( Lai I »idl Ji^. '«- if .i-aiLdl Joiill
-I ii i»a*Ldl iJUJI » lA-» 8jLic-l j U^ilj i jv»lio!l j;
. tl_jjl Jb- Jl Jj^jll Jii; U,-* yS" j>
iLJI j. ^ JUI ^-iill > J J">UVb -U«i.>
Jl iJ i_ > i«dl j_}^> lJJj-I ^j* A; — iJt iL>JI »J»j t j>-^
iiLJl Jl i>» *UJIT iL^>l 3U J i>)l LJ| UL
. j>-NI ^L j^-ii-l JU*VI j. 4^j:" fj_* Ji*. ij-JI
suburb banlieue
ij-LaJl
Jp j_^j io-dL ^jii wJl>^l Ji^i j!, ^-Li!l
• j'j-^ 1 ji ' i i)~ a ^' ^.Ji' 1 *i J .-^ 1 ^- ;lS ' t- J -V. 'J l - A;,
I' l .. jj i>*^' jl— m-"'»I J-^ft' ^-w ijA>JI «L-dl jli
^1 Li Ji Jll >lill j. iJL. Jl Jic"j 0->UI>l
. jJiall LflJjJI J 7?*^ ls*~ ^i* ^rr^ {Sj^*^
subvention subvention iU-^l
^l^-l iLj»- jl w^^U -<9y^ ilj-x! 1 L>*-UJ 4JU i>*^*
ol;UMi ^~~"j ^tr^l y JUiii ji ^iUaMl J»lii)i >
. i.U!l ^l_^LI J oli>l ^lj;Sll >
i^y>Ji oIjujJ XljjJi <wJi' L. oUltNl J—^'j
SUBVERSION
j^U jl f^ai-J N j!l 4~J*)lj iiliilj Jxillj i.j'i/lj
jjj^ l»jb-j »UpS/i olTi/ii Jp S-ux. l^U;
. LlLj »ljl j LjjUJ.
subversion subversion ^jjl ^jij 1*. jJUIl
pt— i! jl>Sll iijL. J^JjC Jl jj/ j!l «JLJI
^JL.^1 ^>il Iji .jii^j, U »lkJ i^»dl ^s_^jJI Jl
war, psychological ij^^sLjl ^^Jl : Ji;l
succession succession ^_,fai t ^Jfcll - ^
UU>L- J «,b^ j!i «kil J «;i Jl£!l wbJL JLai
- iX^> iili' L^» j£j - j^l 4pL»- >_jUpI J 4pL>
vii'i *>^i jj^'j LI J- JijWl V-* <*L>- IS" -^/
. OlpL^JJ UjL"
J&Ji
EJj^
*-\tV^ J ~^L; Jj~aiUj
. ^l-UJl jp j_^_ jx>- jlSL, LJj J>o Jil «.L^[I _>
jb J)l U~JI <^l_ll i^UI j* ^jljJL. jj-^aiil
* if t _ c
jl L*«- Jyj jl J j»il ^jjw jl L ^J» ^oi-i Li
J) Ji^" Jli oL>-lj!lj jjisjl fj*#j iUU jl iiij
. <UJI
suffrage suffrage
cJjItfJl
: vlj j^osl j* jU-ji Jj-jjj . U ^_ ,. <»; , l r^-j* »— >U«a V jl
_^UI «j j^_ ^aji y,^ direct ^illi o.j-^1
*»,• indirect ^illi ^ ^j-^h .«ySL. 4^_ j.
^Uo^l .1^1 ,Jp j^ ^TLil; ^U!l «j j^ ^j]l
y secret voting t"^- Cj j^di jj& j> US'
oij~»Mi i_Ulj SjU ji^i JiLoj open voting fcj*
^-ij^' J»- r> j* JisaJ j* Jf\ ^1 majority
special i^U. i_U-l yy Sjj^ ijUj i^. Oljly Jj
.absolute majority iilk. i_lpi } \ majority
ana. voting
suggestion suggestion
414
ȣJ*yi - \
iJlJbj-j!! oJUUilj j«i»i.M ^^i J ju'tll iljUw
ji i__«kil M— i^l k_JL.i »Ij»^-I jjO_. <TjL-j
suggestibility*^.^ iXUil ^^>j ,-^Jlj ^ r »'V* i-JLI
5jJi!l oi«~aj oiL Ua!I joii'j ilS" ill Jux-i 0"bfl>- J
. JiJIj j_JI Jp
auto-suggestion J'i »l»^J :J^.j
contra-suggestion ^^-^ •^'j
pllai : Jli j i U ii£j± J>- jl ^lj jl ij£» ^jt
^ «^il pi lV.ll suggestion system oLj-Ij3VI
»J__idl JUjJJ <v0^i)l iUfJ AjpLmJI Ol—pj^til ( j4>u
Ol»"5Ullj r-b'^fl (ijl'J J-**" *-*)]* Cxr 9 ^ M-^S*^.
suicide suicide
jliJ^I
^*y^J ■ l^J 0>X> jl <UPj> <— i JUj jLj^l »>l»
JuTtll ^x. Jp oI*^»JlI iiir J jUiVI Jl 5>JI
i-iUil Ji vl^xi ' *i J >»" (J* V* JT <W»ji; (^iil
4 jUo^l jXj OliJlj uiljrf-NI Jl J-Ojdl ijj *J-jilj
^a>iJjl ^-j«Ja]l -3j*wj jlji it ^u — mj)LjI ■ K .. \t ^.,^^-j
. IjLiil ^i jUvJVI >U
^J jUi^fl j* ^Ijll 50p J^ |*jL/jjj _^ oij
<W9">U-V Ipj*- 1 - j^I j>cu>_ C_3- lijbVI jUo^l
Jp w _£«Jl; Jljkj ^1_^ JUSfl jUoi^lj ;«i;«jj
JJSU^I Jp l _j_ > kil jU^'^lj 4_j; ^Oi" J J^all ii)Li
. J-^r^ .IkJI J-Sttf-I ^ Li; j ^^Vl
superannuation retraite
ai-Liil
: Jli j . 4»-j»wiJI *L»-^« fjl< i_,.„.j J-jJI il^
xm> } superannuation fund oiliSl JjJUo
415
&'jl .^Jp j,y.\ J. J\y\ £*»Cj U *Z£ i^ji\ alkil
. JpUJI -UP ji
superego superego ji*^' ^vJmII CjIjII
t/-^'.-'
-liil
J* i^ri *r
> frLi i^Jl
'>>- J^ 1
»-Aj-_^ ^djUa J^U- j^l lfi»l JJI Zj£l\ iiliJI ^j^l
OJl oUU J^-j .«jjjlj ^u. ^o_, jjjUil J.U- «.
. jj > ^uii >u- j*i oir ur j^b ,_j/
superindividual superindividuei sjil! Jjj» li
J*jJI Jiull j* <_s_f_. jp ojUp « j^l ,jj U )
«UIp ji* JjU- aij .^^jSLjl ^jiJ.1 jjUi ^iil
iyi\ jy U iijp- J jl Malinowski aTj>j (^j^iOl
i^ u> ^i £_,u. jjij jji ijiii «iai jir j «uu
5li!l jl Ubj^ Jjl iiixJI J ^i.lp »^i ir iJU i _ r Ji
superiority complex complexe de superiorite
jjiJl 9-Up
*)UpI_, 4j"U^ JJ jkJIj «;ljj jyill ^ai; j iJU.1
^jl-U viiiij ji^NI JU^ij Olw j. JpI V' t>
superman surhomme J*^ 1 jt-J^I
^JJI JJcJlI jLJl Jp ^^dl Ij* iCiii jU»l Ji_>
supernaturaiism supernaturalisme
. «jlJb-l V«-ia)l uL-MI p^—J V Ijjj Ulji-j
SUPERVISION
superordination superordination »VJ&rftfl
• lSj^- 1 icU>- jl j_^J i_ Jl Jel
subordination j^lkijl : ^kil
superorganic superorganique Ic^mII Jjt
^^u^ni u* jikj ^^^i jl$3i y« u jr
. i^lrt-MI UlJltjIlj ^Irf-MI
superproduction surproduction
. Jl_^-Ni r~*y Jl ft*NI <l»^o il-3- \£y< 5jl_P JjS^jJ
overproduction : jl«;l
superstition superstition
iJl>Jl
jIopNI j\ iUJNI jl JUiNI aUj- j* Olil>JI
SjU Ol»l>Jlj .^r^JI ji JU-J1 ^Jjf V-'' J»i J 11
U. lJJ_v »jJI Jut N icJi C: OlJLijn > -Ijj jp
. Sj^di.1 ^jU>JI v jl »jJLJI ijjjJI Ol..U"«*ll ^j*
j. gj j\ 1JUC iUjNI Jp ^^Ua^NI J-b ur
superstructure superstructure '^Jill «LJl
structure »UI ; ^1
supersystem supersysteme '^jill j3l
^l^_ ^JUIj jl£_U JS3l ^l^Nl JUiil J-Ji
j_^lj JjjJIj 4— i«JJI J- JJ^.J t U Js- Jl J«I^Jlj
. J^^lj
supervision surveillance wilJiVl
S^UI o"A^."u i^WI ijb^l iiJij! 1 ^JJL" y.
dlb U-j .^j ^*^*l j^^*^' ^tjjlj ,JrJi9^l ^y
SUPPLY
416
Lp <;Ty &L* <JI C-iy*- ^yz"^* Jy y *J*jiS\ <LA»
■Ji*
-^
^ J^) JV^ S~* J (^** ^J 1 or* '*> ^^i
^iliaj ^ '^j^"' kl^*^* ^-^yj ^Lijl iJji — • 4jli C-*_j!' ^
working super- n jyUUJl jy^JUl » ~,l kill «-l» J*-
■ first line supervisors Jts*^ 'Ujji V visors
J*- »_jij personal [Lakj. J»\^zy\ jyC. Jij
jy-j>ij J^ili ^4} jk s^ilii i_^jJl oMU;M!
^U oijii ^ iJii-lT impersonal ^a»«Ji j* y «1
autocratic Q>ij»yy ji^l jyC J» Uf
ijyl^jjjl OL— UJI *-*ryi tUa>-*yi ",p ^^>«JI JjU*jj
cooperative fcjU; j/C j» US' .J*jji .Ilk; ^r-ooJ
Jjl JaJaiJI »^J J^JLi ^jS. U)l ». 'Ujjil JjlUj 4JJ
social supervision "^ui-^i J»iji^i ijfcl
y ^.ijb-^l y oU-UJl tSjj»i y cpL>! *Ua»|
^ t- 4 ii^sli ^ y Ajli oL, /iJi y oi>Ji
Jl Lpi ^ji V g?l OUb-Sl £Jb C-&I J JU)/I
. Uili It i jjnill SU-* 1 *Mj ^^ JJ*-^'
repression : yail
surplus surplus
supply offre
J>'^
^l^il M OU-ij . 4^IM *J»«j ijii ^ ^J*A f*~> A-JJ
Jj^Ull oJL»j . )ut!l ^«dl ^» i^i^jxll iJfJ* jyC'j Ji— i.'
iwijyd.1 i_X!l Oilj i«UI JX MJjl lil 4Jl ^^lOC «J-5jl»
jyli ^.Ij ^Jju L* l-l»j iJjO' C-li rfiiitl lil ^ i\^«
support appui
julsll .j»*al1
t«. *JU- jLwJ'i/i jl /vr-^ 11 j 1 iJ*l— LIj ■>> Jut
Up ^jil jut JJJJTj .^UoMI y i-itil J ^l>-
j JjU-j i;i>-j 7y>^a y> U IS" Julij i^j^Jjl J
. 4^>w V"U* j>' *ij^* ^j*"
>:^
.iil>w oMU-i-i iUaMl > J ^*U!I USo
iJ^U!' i^i" jkj surplus value Clili ^JC\i (\) iiUji
^'lij (Y) J—JI Sy j,^ j<a5U!l Ijj» Jp J~*»«i ^ lf-; j il jl
i^iii ^ Jy)i tc ^ consumers' surplus ,11.^, : , „1 1
Jl J^l j. ,11.^ ,.11 «rtJU ^JJI l^il J-Jlj iK 1 !
jyii j* y liJUi ^ V.j^. J 11 '-' | - i »-^ , ^- J*-
^JU'l IJl»j .i«UI «-lj_i J '>U» -uiJu Uj -uij j-iU Jy
uji i] , v-i j; «L- y ^i-ii j^jJ W j«iit
y> } producers' surplus «d.l ^'U (V)
JjUllj UJI 4_i ^-. <ji ™~M J^i t;J)l j^l cc J^ 11
jl 4 Joillj 4; lyw^iJI J*ill jj_IJ U»-lil cJJlSoi
j. JiUI ^1 jUllj 4i£il ^>l cJui^J Os J>!l y.
surrealism surrealisme jjJ^JI . mjly'l jjl U
llU- ilt» ji ^y Jjjji v_^J^. OjJl; ij ir>>-
^1 j_^_. J J*.j; U jij ^L-all (IU)I »ljj b-b-
i»^. jlj jJiJlj 5jU!I oj-k»J JJJI JiJI *So^ r^ J*
jl_J)|l jlT IS <j. sj&i iUil ^JUuTI ^ jill
. i^.U-1 oUjij
surroundings ambiance
Jalijil . ia^il
suppression repression
iU>|il i ^Ji\
9 « 5 ^
psycho- ~-i!i yphysical climate'^^Jail _,»Ji
J J- 1 ijl» j!j;j j^iJl; ia.;^. ^JJ 1 logical climate
sujii j Ux!' ou^p t> -j j*«ii ^jy» *>-» .aTy-
. -to-UJl jiUiil Jl JUl; J J«l«!l ij-w w »iU*il J,| ^j>-
417
SYLLOGISM, HYPOTHETICAL
survey, social enquete sociale
J^UJI ^Uaj-^l gill
. *.*..»!' j
Je- jijij sample survey i^u «JLI aLIIj
iikiJLI ^'UiJI j jlO JT Jic" i-«. jLiptl J.U
. i-ijaii y* ^j>j
social survey : J*,\
y»j>-ii-i JL«* *l»Uj; sjufN -k-j Jl jtUI j» J.wJI
syllogism syllogisme
^
■I ^9'
JJ&\ J to l Jp JJNjOJ jkll J .oi^_, j^k»l
survival survivance
.l£i
jl&Sllj .LiNlj OUUJ^ jly^ jj^-j!! jl^l
. jl£llj jUjU iLaM JjOxJI jlk J
survival of the fittest JL^l «li' : Jli j
frjjl jljil ^j — > l /«~k'l >_jUjjMI ^Ul J* f^»iJ
. Jb-ljll
4JU&I k--"ljjll - Y
icji iiU! oul_^ j* i j v C Jl iilill j*ot*i\
is-lrt-^l ^Jjjai\ Jljj JU, JJJij l^ IL& _^fi CJlT
<uL»Mi IfUJij o^ou Jl ijtoi ol^J.! ^ jl
. j£i jlil jj# UkoJ t»~»' '—■^"V i>*j" -**/.
sustenance entretien ite^l .o'oi-Qt
assistance : _Jil
sweating system exploitation patronale
j±* ^B jji\ Jjiy J i^i J ^ ^^i
iJj^l jljll, JLJI J^ J,> J* J*JI J">Ui-l -0 jljiJ
4; jj»_ji i^JJI J*«" J*- <*kiJb J^jyT^ f» 3 J ti»j">UI
^Ui; «U»Ll »k_; ^ juJl JUkSlij *U!l j» »lk!i
. »j>o<]lj j— !l jL^j Ujili
tUlJ ivsri* U^P »_jj ijf.y/l* ^ l_jJj* i^UiJIj
la^P i«j^UI i~ii'l ,_5»— ' L»^ 11^-^^ Ql *; ' <»»^ (_5«— 'J
JNju-I ►l J i-^l ji »I>-Nlj ^.LiJI C« j^illj
4 us3i »i^»-Mi jj Lrf ^j ^yj*- 1 1>* v t5 a ~ i apl - < '
i«jL«Aii j» i»Aili (_jl j* ^1 tl^ix^MI 4>wi jl U5"
^UIUI
t _ r .U53t L.i iJa;ljj J* «Li^l j» Uj ijl_^ j. jj£)l
Jl tS>JI jSLiil Je- -U>, J^Ji-li
syllogism, hypothetical syllogisme
hypothetique 4^A^ u"^
o /Jj N ^JJI _y* jkll j JI^MI ^Ul
Sj^>-^. jjS; L sOUJill J ,UiJL l^ii jl *»wJI
U»JI l^aUw-j *j tl^-'j^aj N V"* ,5 K ^^-^H l5
. U">Uw.l
categorical Juj- : (jw— * JJ JI>j^" 1 _r•L : i' , jc-^.j
^jjjlj i£>u iJuj- LU<ii j* vjjt U j*j syllogism
Uj^JSL^^jI l jv r i» j. ^^conditional syllogism
pure jUaJ^I Jlj3M L^. ^l Je- _y»j JJu*- ^;Uij
pure dis- JU^^I J'jJ^I ^^j hypothetical
Junctive
SYLLOGISM, MIXED HYPOTHETICAL
syllogism, mixed hypothetical syllogisme
hypothetique mixte Jl£u/W .yCSlI
j> >-£j- ^LJ j* jkll J jLi^l ^Ull
o;ir oii <»i^r ^^ buii y bu ^.ui
mixed hypothetical *>U> btiu-l jf «L»a> iiJS
k-Lj-j iU»i. JJa^i ji~a j> JJtjj syllogism
mixed disjunctive JLaiJ^/1 jli^l ^-l-«!'j
"1 ■ <«' ■« <J»yi i»ui« j< ^r^V ^ j*j syllogism
symbiosis symbiose
jii33i
Ol -IjjJl J C_J JUu-^l sLjJv- 7&*~a*
jU^# Lj JUiu jjl o^UJI Jl ^_ ivr-^jji'VI
•Ui; U. jj£, jir l^ b^l ^1 J«. U»_^l
oljU-^lj ^jj=»JI j L. IS"^ ji j\ S^ Ji»-lj ^iUaal
^aSUa^j £.^f jUii>o i£j>-MI ij-Uil ^y L^jj
. i~«_jJI «JU- J *i i«»U- i— -JL-.I ^j
ecological symbiosis ,jrj>j£y\ J*l§3| Jlij
c?**-"
JUI
(n~rl
jl>lT industrial symbiosis ' t /-^ 1 Jil33j
symbol symbole
>jll
^i gjoJl jU^/l J*UJI ji ^1 ji ^_J.I - \
yj social symbol ^lli^i y^!l : Jii_,
JUJ bjla^i. lilji^J »Oi^_J ^j.'iUi^.l i.^p - T
. oli%Jl ^yl j. U> ji .LiNI ^ *p^*
418
symbolism symbolisme *i>*v"
jl£«l J rt~*i ^~>*J <u»l>- «l~i^/ jl*» tUaf-l i_Lt "■
. <JI jjij jS3l JP ^_Jy; jl »jJt-l
JaLc't _y SJOJlP ^l£il ^">Ua_/>^l IJL» J—ai.J
Jll .Li^l J* J^l .U. ^i jlf Ji, .iljUl
*j>J _jl t^i jl ^ai^tj ^j&\>- ,*\c*' '^^ V*. ■*- ' ,a l
. <uU >j)L j->U^I Jp JaJjI "V ji JaJjI iJlj ji
Jaij j ^./j:. "V ?t_^l *ij^j" ^/^ jif J-^' (^-"j-^J
.Li^l ^ IjjS" UI j^^j J, ^itdlj ij-Uil •Li'yi
. «^i>^jj i«u ji;T oii Ju»ij jiSji Ji
ij-iil Olc-Ua^l jp j;_«JI Jtki" ^jj^I J ijojllj
. ^iLll ^jj^ili ^_J-S/l j. S/jo j^UJlj jUi^/l J;> j-
iJjl ii^ls ij'jl' jy«J ia~iJI Jc^ > *-" i-jX" ijj
^_j ^^1 Jl*. Ji£ vi_^ j_^->UI J JJiJ jfJd\ j
^j&'-X ^Jl >/ Ul.j 1 > jp >.j» j- Jl >y!i
sympathy sympathie
JujljJrjJl ATjUii
Jl ^'J^ ^y iJUiiMI- iJUJI <ut JiuJ t5y2» J-«
x* yuil a JU vrjUJl yUill jlkl iljju ji a~ yL
.ijPl^^l Jaljjll i >■ J ^ J\ ^^kiil Jil IJiAj jfjLl
y>j antipathy i^i^i jl j_^iJi : Jlij
symposium symposium
C-lj-iJl S/xJl
ii*J jjwLa^MI J^ JjJjk JOP j^ jjSo ft»-l
-lj HS^La i**\ji J <ua! JJ »U 5Afr 5Ji
symptom symptome
j*>"
■ ^ <J V-" ^ J ' J ^ 1 --'' j' j<»y -3j*\> J*- J-*i i^-^ 1
41 9 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS
syncretism syncretisme u.al : JI synergy synergie .UJl
5-lu_ ^^Jl L^ ^ 5>i4 ^ ^ ^i Ua ^ olcU _, y ^ ^ ^ W| Jl5 ^.; _^;
*'>' C^ 1 ->' " u ->->^ ' 0^ u~J ^ V . Zjjls ^Juil JJ^- J i/>. ji jjj
w ,a«Jl Lj^i»j £. i^jlo iibiw4 olili' jl <-^}L* } \
■ i ii i -n .,i- f * ^. synthesis synthese *_J£"J1
. -u-UI -i*l_^!l £ diij ^ju^ ^ ajj ij^ij UJu j£j ' — -^
eclecticism jjy!l *__» ji J^U. JJJLJI v*-^ ■ '^r-^ s^ 1 J." J^ 1 jkdl J ^Sjil jj-^ill
j* ^ *j^j cjit u vi .ijVi ^ ^ v ^jji i»^ iv-Jj jr Sfi jx-,L .jJl ^i, iS}\ juii ji
. Jji*. ^Ul jtTI «sy^ JJ J_^j!l jj- tLii t-i j^jji^oII j r-j-dlj
eclecticism i-i-iJi : ^i . LSj jjSj\
synchronic method methode synchronique analysis jXj : ^li. J_,
jr*j!' £<p' system systeme , *jii - ^
j* } .j«m ^.j J ai£)l i^ljjo .^i ^jll p^i W V-U"j V^" OL^JIj .IjVI j» ie-y^-
lS-^ 1 diachronic method ^j_>k!i r^J.1 j* oii. • ii ~' 5 -^-> V 1 **: U'W j*"- W°v
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seasonal variations ^.jli oCiSl ji ol^dl (T
cyclical variations i'joji odill j\ olj!i3l (r
accidental variations
topia topie _JUJI a^JJI
i__^- ^1 Utopia L^'jJI <u» aJy; ^iJlj »JU!I
»^j!l J O^-y M Jll J»|JL»^I ^lc Jp Jj^Ji JJiJI
topography topographie Lil>jJall
i_l_j *_gjL»i; >£Ui J U iulSUil (L^til ljw^I
. jL-J^/l *~a j> jl ij^ij CJlS" »l_^ C-J if Ij plj»lt
■ super ego Uull U^lj ego Wlj id jil
topology, field topologie du champ
Jk^l! 4y>')\ sj£ji\ lJI^Ii 4rjJjJ
Kurt Lewin l*<wij ^11 i jkJl j-tAk»9^l li,- ju*i>
;iijUI .> ^ U V^Jj l^J.Ij o^UI f _^UJI
w>ll olj!iJI (i JjoJI ji jiiJI ^'L- c-^' jJcJ M oU ^ ^11 Jl£iS/l
427
j*-J Uj^c- ij^-jj^^l ~»ULI jl « jiJ I, ^^j
^j-Jl JUJlI J L^yj J^^_ ilj^l ^i jj^ jl u
. J*i!l uj>u jj- i£jil ^jlJb-NI
j^j jbL. Jl g^l JUJ.I ,, jiJ ,, ^L ^JJiT
5>^. _,i S^U- J, Li; ^.^ J| oj-^^SLJI JsJi jkL.
LJ ^o>«; i-Pj^J^ oU-L. Jl jvi; ji j. ^i
j-ljJ V. W J 11 VfjWI .LiSfl JI ji J.UJI ^1^
°j~~? ^ J J»LiJI ^Ijj j» ij-L il joo»oj i»JiA i»UJI
js~ l>'j il r. *l»jj* j» J' *l-i*iflj IjJ^-j Ijj Sjo*
.iJjwj «;i Jp iljx ^^i JUJ.I jrf.b iik^ ii »^j J
OlJJI JliJl j^ii ^i JI ^Ll. j. ilj^ilj
JLJI ^jil JI JUJI Lj^_, ^ ( ^^i^ji J\)&U,\
i^j hodological space jl£ll J till—, ji jL_4 ^p
. 4^-jijSLJi £Ji ^ jjii iiki^ oULf'l jL-ll ija
totalitarianism totalitarisme
J-UJl ,^ijl .iil&ll
t *Jj-0J i>H ^Li^.1 Jp ^_. £ji J)£ii jj
V-'lilkj i.S/1 SL~ j»lk. «^- J*. i._,L«a!l 5>_JI Jpj
i-~. iJK»c ijs-jijjjjl oLiljjl ^-Ul Jp kliJjj ijcdl
t^Jj^ 1 J^r^ 1 Cf Sr 4 V- 1 *^ V*^' ^j 11 Jv
. air oisLii jp oijTNi
.UiJIj ^jLJI .IkJi Jp jl]* ^*>U^MI li* jlTj
V-jri!! iJi^l Ip liL^lj
lS~ r"
yi
Fascism ilili'l ; Jiil
Nazism CjLJl
totality totalite
J> i^l^l «^ J' M^Nl > J JJJJL -Uai
j- 'j^- ^;j^i» ' <i*ir s-»j-j jjSj <Lpt»-i 5j»Ui
TOURISM
j\ y^\ j. j,u t?i Jjp jj^ m ^_^ auir sjb-j
. l^ OjSo
2«o; i.u i^li; Ji J_ >v »_ > ll jljNI •J* JjUJj
. jU^l iUlSOl Sa»-j!l j«-^>J i^.WI oUljOll
totem totem J,^]|
J_,i*. i__- ilt> o^j jl jjj fj-i»-j f lj«-l J Jl-Ul
/.x* >_^ll jl ^i «-L y_i!l ^_J UT (J,^! JJJi
. 4^- J<X_j ai-l jl ^j">U j<j _y»
totemism totemisme
^">UJI^ JsjIaJI JLij 5xi«il Olxcoll w ^ «->»^
^l J jj-T jli U i-U.^Jlj .iLill jl^i ^
^iSLi ijJs^l jl «jir,jj ai>,j .«jL»JJ ^pI^NI
^L>^l .Ul-LIM i^- J 'CU Si.Ip ^JITj w ,-0J jljo
. JjS/l olw^JJ
tourism tourisme i>-Ljl
«^lil JISI4 ^ w ^>^i ^l Jliol i»-l_JI r—aZ
\> oil* i Jp jli^fij C — ; ijw* 5j1 j>-T ji^» Ji
jl g^il _,! 5jL>-MI vi/ j\ ijljll jjje ~UI
• M jr^l^: — • ~-"a si, »-U_JI Uij >ll)Jb j .<L«ljj!l jl
. Ajj-jl^ _jl <JU-b 4?-L— !l j_j5j Jsj
i.j">l)l J5Uj.ll .^i a-LJI ^ OUjS^JI j^'j
tUj'l^ JLioNl J!L-jj JiLill jjj, ja 7-L-JI 4?-lji
Olp^yiil i^lllj I,- OUaixil _/JjJ_) 5JjJt>- 4^-U- jWL>
. U ^-L— J' o^L _} 1^ "j j,.^... " *& jv 4^>-u-JI
Jil-il social tourism ^plli-Nl ii-CJi Jlij
. oijOail Jj»-j!I ^jij JUJlj
TOWN
town ville 5^|l &,& < 5^1
a-w *; jj^_ ji Jj»iLi ji&i J uai 1,^,1
-Uio N ^_jO>JI sUsJNI jl Je- iSjJj ~.l J»U I is**)
i-U *.lji Jy,U jl£. ^1 SaiJl JU»i J, ±,y£\ \\.
tall j* y^>\) i^ai ^ ^1 SjUH J SjJJIj
.city
trade metier AJyJl - \
trade union Cits- i'CL : ^lil
o>d1 - T
. ,_^Ssi^iwil *~*j*£u c^>J oUu>Jl jl «J — Si
*Lj- jl i'jjfT Sjlst jj£j Jit c-ljjl J* OjUJIj
. <~»-jl>- jl <U>-ta 3jl£j
barter i^ijUil : ^1
trade association association des employeurs
. <;UpS/ iTjlill jJULI
JUJI J£cJ J*i ij j» oIjUjNI »i* »U jlf j»j
tJUi» JP JjJJ SJU*- ili Ki j 2)j>. ji i^« J
trade, freedom of liberte du commerce
^a-^iJI JI ^ijj kilJi jl il lUjliil »ufj iJjJJI
Jjjlj ^UfiMI Jl jU-MI 4^ .illij ;J^JI -_ij
Jill l^Uj-i Jl oUj^iil J^-j ijj-tJMl iU&l
trade union syndicat des travailleurs
aQl i'ujl
428
^hJUa« iU-j Jj^ JUjJJ -Jta ^jl^l ^iiJ
• ft-*?*.) ^y- 1 l^-^'j p-*W -kj^i j* 1 ^lioJIj
jliiiil «-«»- ~i;j industrial union 4 — IpL-LJI
Hyni\ jl i^ll jl Ux!l Jf- Ja$ ^Jy-aj *-»•* «*-^-<i>J
<j_^JI illll (Y ;«*Ua!l J>-b J*ilL J.WI Ujl>_ ^11
»Ji>-lj!i iij^Jl *LjI j< jjSo; oLili ^j>) craft union
. LfU-b jjUlij ^11 ifcL*a!l jP jliJI ^x*".
*u\a> Jl l^isUJ idlal* ^1~>- > OLIiJI c~&i
local union il&jil i'L_i!lj company union sulLl
. national union Jlj)3l iTUJlj
tradition tradition il^i toJUsJI
^Jlj t-<w i-iJlk ji A^Ujf i*»WI iljUl Oplji ^p SjLp
Jslj_tNlj customs obUI jp jJUJI j-^Jj
j^ jS jjj; jJlill j»»; djjx^j |_^UI ji J mores
. \^t- JjJL«il jSUil ^ jl jjy. Nj ^-j.aiJI
tradionalism traditionalisme ^.Qk-Jl apjJI
iJ_LiJI oloi«ll i^U-j JjIjSI Jp JtUJI jLoalNI
v ^ ic-Ull iU'^l j tSjj tS-UI «UfVl j*j cU .Njilj
oji^ ^JUJUj . J-i_llj ^UJi j JjUl Jj_ji>«; j xi^
ijT iaJiJI itjJl y^Ii'j . ^/-Ic>-I j^ i^l jjjoJiJI
U- j»»i»J.I ji iijjJI f^j SiU-S/ i jjJ ie-y V)i Jj>»
traffic trafic
ja>' «>
i«U!lj **»l»JI oljLJI jj jU j*- jalL jjjll ifj*-
ifyji oJia J-<»^j . JUjNI JiL. j j< ^*j^-j r'j^'j
Jf *— J^J uij *^isUJ <g-\y3 (r - ^' 3U>*j LLJj l/L^aJl
J^jUJI JUiNI JSL-j JLjc-»I Sjtr jliLJI iOp SiL j
SJjIjdl jj^LI ^"j»" i-jlxjirfl jJp ic U!l jjLlI 5jj» f-^-J
. y^Lill oJla J>J iibiw. jSUj jp C_>JI «jk-»1 If
429
training formation
ri>
,-dl
Jl JJJ,. ^1 jl j JLdl ^ ^ojJdl JLaij
oljjlaJlj i.U!l oL.ljjJl f-kjjj j-jW 4; ,J -* /"r-y
»bSl j^Lftij jl>Sjl jU*1 .^ ^jjidl Ul ti_-L.^I
. Sjjlaxl! UjJI
initial ^jlliyi ^ ja3l : UU, f-\/\ J* .__. jJidij
vocational training ^—4' i_jjJ-JU training
•Lit l i-jjjSj foremen training ji^ill viJ-^J
i_-i jiij middle management training iJ ial/j!ls J bNl
. high management training l_li)l Sjb^l *Lati
i^i» JUpVI UUJl Uj ^jjdJ iil^. iu iiUj
Jk\j j-bMI J ijikll Olji-ilj iUUll 5_ji)l 0">U_Uj
: ^ JiJl sJla
vocational training institutes
apprenticeship training iSlLjl sUfil - x
on-the-job training Jlil »lii >_ ;j oBl - r
k_j j!u!i; i!Uuji j^uvi ji «!waJi jj^ii - t
■vestibule training
trait trait
£»~Jl
i~JI JaJ> lS> ^.A-M >»U»* J« L«-J Ol' j^u
J5U.IT iel^-MI j* 1 ^ 1 j' <-i»'jU J* !>• J»-lj ^
tramp industry industrie irreguliere
»»itell J& ipU^aJl
i^iwijxJI JUJI j« IjjjT bo*. «aic-J ^1 ip-Lsall
transcendentalism transcendentalisme
^Ull sJiltfl i Jl«ll yJ»ui
TRANSFORMISM
i_« ii_U ±* JS"\ At- alt I jp SjL* i_j»ii.l IJL»
»i-»- Kant Ja^ *i_U j^ .u^_j i»U ii** <)l .Jt
. iilll ie-p\ ^yjjUjj i>-jjllj i><J>l a*^J *^^i o*J-
S^ucA! 4_oJI jftljlaJI »ljj jl J_jjJI jl te-\Ji>-\ Jl i_Jl
Cj*La; Ljjj lull j jl Jj3l Jl i_j»j; ii_U j£»
transference transfert Jij*^ 1
[( OLpj jl jf-\-Z~* )) i-^ij S^y^ i»l Li »U- <>-^ im
ryJ>P J» ks.)\ j\ »»l JJI Ji_p«; jl >■! Jl ^a^i j*
^a?ja\ j*. jijjji au j US' jiO; f><;_^ jj J-9V1
. jl_^JI Jl .L^l ^_^ J,_^J ji ^Jl .lJUel 3j j. Sf-0
jAjjll jP-li* JLcJl 4j J«ii ,_j~iJI J^»" Jj
i»ijSii ji i^i fit* oir .i^ jj>ji .ui aaji
J_j?- If'ljjJj 5L»I l^icjl ,j!l ^>UiiVI jl ijailjll j^
transfer in case work transfert en assistance
individuelle ijii\ X»&- J Jij^i'
(_jii^j jl ti»J>«JI oJl* l^j jiji V ^!l OL. njll <_j-0>-l
i — -y I^JliJ i«-Oi Jl i>-U- j <;l 4JU- i^ljj Xp
^l^Ml jUa^NI ^ji LJI ^Ji- ^1 kiit j^ ti>i
CjIUJI Jjo -^"j ia**** jlj^. ^a***^' i-v«»Jll Jl <Ujj>fcJ
. I$l_p0 i_,..j jpj 4JUJI JP i»UI
transformism transformisme L^i«aJl CJu
J l-'M i»JI f-.I^Ml OjJ »J* >JJ i_Jlf- i^lii
jjkJI j< »*l 5UJI is- J J_>»-JI >>;j 5j*i_» ii^a;
SjU.1 J*ij CU tjiU jjkJI U«»- lil UI evolution
. Jj»oJI v J»l j^-*;* |«*->^^ J^'j Sl^J'j
TRANSHUMANCE
transhumance transhumance
Jvil^- 4 JrlJ-L* J^Jj\ jw i.l./rall ijtjl »J>«^' — ^
. .Uillj .J^JI J JU-I JI ji j, 4_.i;i ijsUI ji
430
. j*-^\ ^j-jLl j-;^* "I'-^'j' -^ V
treason trahison
il>Ji
transportation transportation
Jill
j, wrf ,U-iS/l ji ^Ul jl£. jjjjj oliLil ^i
^JbTl J* JiJi ;_U f iiUd.1 jkldl Jj . ^ j&.
J Ul .J^IyiJI ^Tljllij jl_*JI S-uUc ji jl_J)/l
i-bo^ji .iKjl ^jji jiii a^ ja i.aidi >di
J JijsJ^ .Oi; <_£li ij-LJI oJj-^J ij'^ 1 •sj-^l
so»-_j!l jjJj- «jjj; jLio iy^i! I^_jj jOu JiJI J5U,
. i—L-JI
w _~J ji Lil^Llj j^Ml ^ J j_^UI ^ y _,
Jh**-} k M «-\y «iiij J* sjii ^Ai V Ji!i j;u,
JjJjJ^ jlSLll ^jj; SjUI J Uii opL_, a^Jj k_jdl
oU^c'i 5jL.jj neighbourhood U«M jklll j£i
. iJ&JI
. S-b-lj!l iikll J iJjiJI
UjU*b JiJI j;Uj LJ jjoUiVl Ji* (ij
transsexualism transsexualisme
• *-*> <y-
transvestism transvestisme
j>H\ j-I^JI ^fS& .Ujl
juii ^i&ji j; i..^ i,ju. ^i J iuJi ,-a;
. l,JI ^j_ Jff\y> ik-lj; ijjjl ___/
j* J"*-* J** tS' ^J^' jr*j J itsJI J^-^'j
^j j) JbJ\ tljJ-V JJIjUaJI OUalaidl -P-lj w >l_^»
. i«_jX>JI i_li! iijU^ il iL^JI ■,» .rt'" i— !'
treatment in case work traitement dans
I'assistance individuelle i^^*?")" £^f"
social treatment : ^l
treaty traite oXbUfl
^S"l jl JLJjJ f.-y J>L» -ti«- JjJ- 11 J>l*ll j
iib>w« jljil; ».X»LjJ.I y'j . i;<w 4»">W JiJ ,Jp jUj")U
JU'i j»j bilateral treaty il' 1 ^ 1 ajilii 1 ^j
collective treaty 4^ llkll soiliilj jUjj »U^k
• J!^J J J* J^" 1 UH J^' 1 j*J
trend direction «£*rt!l
j*^olf'l i)L» Jli j'lT . j«w oUTI J i.U- iT^j-
. jU-VI jAi-jl
iJVjJL! population trend jlSl!l »l>J[j
^L-i-Vl Ol_»lk;Vlj ^L-i^VI ji SjIjJI Je-
;j;i — 11 oUW'Vl Jp ^VjJL! social trends
trial jugement i»Tl>«il
jL^-l JI cJJ^-j iJjiUII OUIjS-'tfl Oljk>- ^Jj-I
w -^j~ L5J'-J , j_yli!l »,,« Je- i^y-J 1 w'lij ^J>~*i j'
tribe tribu iCJjJi
OU-LJ-I ,_yi Ujsfr )\ jjL; 50*- j^ ijU- iLill jjSvi
431
i'jj: *><-$l;j U IS\L. -tj&u lS"\Uo> L-lil Si- J) <&jib\
2>?rj J» j' jj*- j I -^"V ^L- A^'j i-Jl»«i. ii\ju)
. ij«-jU«JI ^LJI j~»» ii^ii* j^LaJ
tribalization jLJai ,l2jj Jl jLJkNl : Jlij
trust trust
, LJiJl *^x>JJ
a*
JliJ^lj
tribunal tribunal
tribute tribut
detribalization
court : jfcl
TYPOLOGY
SjUJIj «pL»aJI O^l* J JLoU-j ^jUjj^I J»LiJl
trusteeship tutelle
Oy\H\ C^j J^j _,! ^,U-
iUs_jJI
jl ^j i«lil *liu
iij-i!l i.jSs>- jl jlx— L\»-*Jii i-Ui ijL»-l oUij
. S^^idkl aJjJOI i»jSs>- jl i^jiiil
tropism tropisme sUi^l
*Jk i_^i iUi«l Lull ol;l_j-»JI_j oLJl iU^-.l
Iju't ^t-i-l ^U J*. <udl jo'U _^ J*. J~j\*- Jjjj
W'l iTjjJi cjiT lit U- r .Ui^l jjS^j ;ljl_i.
. 4it bUil Co M iS" lil CJUj *J.I _P«J
truce treve iiUll
Jl>_ M p_; J»}WI jl ^j j*jLdl jjv ^l^all J«jj
. LJtf
truancy truanderie S-^'j" e,i ' J* '-0$""
Ijl_»p iiUI i_, : «" «L»l»-j *r=r^ fLaJI J^' JL*I
• i/lcV^ (i'^ 1 ^l^ 1 w viill y'j^ 1 a*
truck system paiement des ouvriers en nature
'^i\ >Sli f iL;
kl-s- i^>-l «ijl» ilj jl L* JLjJI jj>-\ Jij*
Lri^> -Lp jUJI ft, US' i ^ Lj ly^^ji.dil .^^t N
. lai
JUJi »Ua*lj ^ai J UiL, .IkJI lji» jlT ai_,
^Juu J LjU »UiJI lji» Jlj Uj i-Cj^Uj I^IS - br *-to-
. l?\y)\ JL^^I
. yjjl iuid Jl_^l > 4JI ij A^e- U 5jbl J.j^J
trusteeship territory territoire sous tutelle
i_Us_jJI ciu »Ui
j^ jl Sa>«dl /^/l 4l* l^-jbl J_^; ^il ijjjl j»
^jj_j*aj) ^jWsjJIi ^LaI oJl* IjJI -l^*j c5»>-l *u>3 ^ J"
^S-/ iilj- Jl I,. Jj^>_j!l ji./i5i ijj-jUJIj <U>.ljJI If'jii'
turnover roulement
Jljjjjl
^iil J'iUMlj ^U*i^l ^J.. Jx. JUo^l j. Li.
jlj>-j jjiJl jIjjjj J^jJI jljjJT it. jLT J Jo
. iwOV« oJj JM>- J— )!
labour turnover J*JI jlj>s : JaJl
type modele, type r^^ 1
model Ja-JI ir-ij-JI IjlaJl
typology typologie
j^ j>.j ti*L>^/l »_jWi J »J±^~i ^U «,_.
typological doctrine \Jf^ iLj^/l ^_o»iij
. i_^*-
TYRANNY 432
^JJI g^l j* typological method JalJBl ^.j j^ ^ jUUl j^jj sa,.eJl oU^JI Jl .UcNlj
iLL. J l,~/V <J^>- j« iiU.1 «»l£JI _^Up j>; ^.ijj jb- J, UiSlI oL.jSU ji ikljiy^l oL._^>JI J,U'i
s*U\ »I» Ji. J.^- U.i ^_j «,liJI <^ji ^U J* . U* Sll OUJ iUSlI c*J^ U lit ^Ijiy.all />JI ^
despotism^ I jZ-^I 1£ji s^iJl »jk_, ^ j*j
tyranny tyrannie C&I I, xx_ll ^UJl'jV IS] i^Uj jUUl Ji .UJ-yi
Jai-aJlj oj-JJI Jf- pi" Jjl ^aJ_Jl i-jbr JJUj i SJ^-\ ■ ~»jiz— • &1-; £~*^J i^t OUU'I
u
ultimatum ultimatum
jlJWl
*a* ^Ijjl jl <_il» j*. 5_,U J_,a!l jyUIl J jlJD^I
o& u >.1r i^Li _> j^j SJ A <._£/ ji i._^
ij-db ^U!l jjj a*^l ^ lili t iiUli LLiiU ^j,
^ jl ^L^Ts/lT sxxi jvla; j^- ii^j i ljM\
unanimity unanimite fUi-'tfl
p_, jjSL ji j_,j u £>-»>■ J* <*u»- jiii
unconscious mind inconscience
jm\ jtoi c jj&jiii
i-^ (iH-V-^ 1 oLUJl ^fcjl JJUJI i.jx. ^
«-<*&' Vj^I ij;>ll ^IjJJI ji L,. ;>ll jj^i j>>
*rr-- II ji t i*&-NI ji UWI U->UU V^""** f-i-i
jp Jii£!l ^l JJUJi j,> jp JJ:_j ajLi «jujNI
collective "^— «liJI jj_ii:0 : JI *_,
j*jM y — *ai. jjii\ j_y<_-l jOuj unconscious
t V' 1 -^ 1 j^ 1 iU"i JI «^ ^JUI ^^JlI JJfc i^JI
(OuS/i., A-*iii >i_-S/i ^ ^ijii io» ^ui Jpj
underconsumption sous-consommation
p* p^ilil jl ifjOj jUo^l Sibj Jl jlji^l Jj.
U* O-j; jl lit J t JUil JSO J^ ^> 3 UN J»IT j;P
JoS-jJl ,>lie'l Jl ^ji kUIi jli jl^-^l Jl jl»oNI
underdevelopment sous-developpement
J&JI
j>U JJuJI J^aJI ^lis'l, j!o" ^Jl j^UI,.^fU-
Jp jlL, UT i UjjI^. J}Ui.l jp v-'£- J>-» vr-
.undeveloped countries ij^Ull j!)UI
I ,> J-Jkj _^JI iJa^^dl >y_J\ (_i
J ^ — J' J*- J-lkj semi-developed countries
. developed countries j^kJl oaidi
i — JL J~i>JI J>-J)l ^/"^ i«i>«il Jt)L)l Jj
jl ^oidl j">LJI ^ j>U J^»JI J>-jJL ijliLb j_^U
.'5,jkdl
UNDEREMPLOYMENT
underemployment chomage partiel
&£j| aUaJl
a— ....■•J I al>VI ^Uil ^ Jp <_Jj3 JJI illkll
u^* ^l-* ui - ^ 1 u"^- 1 ^' ,y^~^- u*^jfcj invisible
j~J^> visible o'^ 1 ji O*^ 1 4'j^ 1 ^Mj
. CJ^Jl ^«^f ^U-*- >6jLl>-l ^i; O^Jujw .y-^ *ajL*a>-
ana. disguised unemployment
undermanagement direction mediocre
jtlix'l >Sf-~») i-l«!l ii_»- j* Slid I Sjljl jj^ai j^l
. ,jl*jLl SjIjM jlyi «lij JJijil ^yi^JI ^'j
undernourishment sous-alimentation
iiifall | _ r ali
malnutrition : 'Jn\
ana. underfeeding
underpopulation sous-peuplementjliCjl jAej
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volunteer bureaus bureaux des volontaires
ail yJl&
^j_kdl (j; ( Lo_jJI »^»^" fj^' i— j^» (U**
J^»>J ii-»- af-^* Jl j-L-^J ^1 U-1^>-NI i — ■Jllj
ol_»«i>Jil ^j 4 «UJI ol^il i ;l£ll oi_» JjjW ,3*-
j^pl^ll jjJsljll Jbfj t l ^*_ > kdl jjp Uijyllj i^-asJI
Jl ^Lj>J ^11 JL_^pNI |»4*l> Cij J £jk!l ti
C-;j-aJI
voting scrutin
ana. ballot
vow voeu
suffrage : ]a>\
,oJl
■4—aJ ij sLixi: »^L 4f> : .m jji -Jl>J w ^-ii« -Ipj
iJ_^ 50pL_. Jp J_^a>JI i^i ji j^UsNI Jp Ul
f-_ji ^ f-tit^l j I ^ii Uju )\ U»l>- i"-^ »Li!l jl
443 VOYEURISM
y>j votive offering jl'^jji } \ Jxi\ Jli ; sj_»Uj: i—JL-l syJi j^ili <y Ji^t ^-^r- ijxi
■j. ' - r ' - ■ •
voyeurism mixcopie ' a"<-l i j^ji , r flU»s , l ' ^ t - r " ; ^
w
wage salaire ^jjfr .^
^UJ J«!l J*. JjOi J. ilk U yj-j, ^jjl ^1
• ( ^ ai >^ ) J-!' 5ji y j! ( tf jlj^jtfJI j^BI )
vi U y»j basic wage iLui 0j& oi ^ij
. iiU!l J^JI Oliji J->U ^Jj; ^jjl J.JI JjU,
yj; U >»j overtime wage uyi j^ o;_,
J~)l Oliji jjU. ^aj, ^jjl ^pUII ^Sfl ^ sjlj
j»-i Ji£ _i nominal wage "yjjiil _^i iiu,
. Jva Oij ^ zyi^y IjJJU .UUII
£^1' £j»* j»j real wage 'j££Ji j»r^L>
Sr^ Ji^ J-WI V> J^ ji ( ^ku ! J)l OLaiJIj
aSUi jlxS/i ^^ jp juy, (JLaj .LiLt ^jjl ^jiJl
. OVSL. Jl jl£, j.j ^v/ oi, j, jj* ^jjij
ai* o>-t Vj daily or hourly wage ci^ll ^ui J*
^j^i., jlji j, ti^ai jj^ai jup^i ^ Mj>ji
piece rate wage or ^UjVI _,j_» J* ^S/ij
j*Ljj ij_^ii Jjy"" ** jW «j* ■*$".£> output wage
. jrliVi mLjJ J.UII ^ «»U<i ilci J«.
wants besoins
o£-1m)i
i^im jl ^jU j_yii iUaa^l it j ifUJl ' — \
Jj*»*JI J^i j. J,liJI Jij J.JI Jp jUNI >«
IpLII jj*i5l IJU ^i; jl j& ^11 oLaiJIj JJI J*
J»LiJI J*, ijlojl 5ji!l U» IfcLil Sjj^j i«-UJIj
j_jl»j «L> jlf Clj c>-jj jl <Cj_^ ells' CI ^SJUaaMI
war guerre vj^ 1
j 1 i^ *»-j-^j j^r ->>u o*l_. iiijp Ju*l
jl JCaj£&- jl ,jc!j.5 jl jnl ^ jlj^i/yi j< Sj^iw
*»ju.j -jji^ iu, ji j, jj jr v-'ijj ^ jjo^j ^i
j>-NI J»jLJI if>-lj« J
^ jJuil JUJi Ul JjjJI ^ VI OjSj V sjj>J1j
ipu>- *j »ji ^jjyi ji u ijj j»iii oipui-i ^^iu ^
If' I 3jvS" J^ljt J*LiJ i.m-i SjU- kjj»JI kjJ>Jj
^■>.J ■■ 5 ^ il J ^ fri iiUaaVlj i*t»-NI J-ljJI
i~- ij">U jj>-j Jl V jj^JI iy»Ui J"\JJ!H\ j-Jd\
. iJljO<JI >_JjsJI ,jv j a iilll jJUiil uk^l a ^u
445
defensive opLjj *-?jj>- : ol-e-y ^j^j
. j}UI ^iljl j«- ^Uall Jl jjJu*-»
offensive «jljj Jl ^^Ji y, J|_JI j^JIj
j-Li OUa^.1 cold war SjjUl ^^Jl : Jli j
_//!! «Jl»- j* _^_»dJ iJliil UUII ^j»Jl J* JL*l»I
i^i^l So^dl ol/tf Jl j, olitjUJI j* i^-tjl JjjJI
. J-i^l ;kj"Yi_i
o-aij psychological warfare i_iJl ^-O^'.)
„J"UJ c£>-Ml i-^-JjSLjl JJUJI_, ilpjjl »laiw«l *,
>— iJ JJI jb_, civil war «!Mi ^jjiJIj
«-j»Jl oU^l LJI .ja; U jifij a»-IJI aUI .LI j,
. i«j£»JJ ij^JjJl i»ijUll J I
waste, economic gaspillage
^iUaJ>l oJUJl c ^iUaJ>l £_£ill
j wui ji 'or ji b*. "jUo.; jjijii ^ ji^- j\
jl>Sll ^j- Jl &jbJl i^UJl oU^JlI **i,
(^ — " Qifi waste making ibL^l SjL j j*
we-feeling conscience collective ^JJllj jjii)|
voLj-j iJUil ^y jj«i)l liij we-spirit «.lliJl
j* J . *u~ ) in-group «*l^JI j>.G (> *i^JI Uf'
. out-group i!>-jWi oliLUJi
WELFARE ECONOMICS
we-group le "nous" collect if \< -\\-(\ jpi^dl
•M Jl- \-JL jiJOj J>JI LJI ^ Jll JpLwJI
. LJI AJUiL J*Jlj JjLxJIj (.l>-Mlj ^>U)llj
OLfrUjJI Jl J-jaIjXj ie-L»*JI »i_* jl^ii Jaoj
. they-group ^^Nl
wealth richesse
ij'ji\
oisj^Jli jr ajiii >; ^.j j. ^^k^Mi ii» ^
i^JUaJI jjl_J.I J— tJ <i J >«" a ))^* '^ J 'r' **^ ^ ii"
J j'^ ! s Jj3> J-^» £^ >i H=rj J« I*' • Ji>^'
j>'t. i.U!l jil J.IT ^L^- vS^U S"jUI J_!lj yykll
. . . jjl ixo^JI JJSLilj ^-Lilj
jjj Jlii ^1 J ijl_« J_<i!l JLV-^I J i}JS\)
JLJ.I ^«ij jl jja- J ?-Li|>U i-LUll j^ ( _ s l«; CJlT
^ill oli *LiSl j. jl-» JJ i^bMI SO Jp jTj;
. ioUii'yi
wedding noce ^j| t jjjjjji j^.
Opl_j!l ^1 ojUII ^*jji" <i>jl' Oli^vaJI j* «UL
ilj*lj J>-j ^ jljCiMl LJ ^j ^
oil
welfare bien-etre
ijbUJI - \
«^>J^ ijili i_-uSll OUUJI LJ Ji>w- Jll yuil
. eL>JI \ljj\jp JU^ 0^*^J 4^«-^j jc^J *1op "p*
i> jil - Y
Jitf-i jwv; Jl Jjj,-' Jil iJiJl i*L>-^i oUoiJi
cf. social welfare • <*-^ j' W
welfare economics economie de bien-etre
J;Al«j)l oJiUaJl
J Jl 4J J^aj ^ill ,_jjil Slplj* tJIIJj O^ai
^j>il j. JJIj JJ J, SiOsil J»IJ*^I Jl gpUa^/l
OULJI JaJa^'j ii^LV^I i> Jl J. Jb- ^i ^LJ jl
«4>-jll iiUa^l OljJcJI J«- jy'UII V^ J- ^ **^\
WELFARE FUND
rv>UT i*lrt-\l LJl&ll ^ j^iS ^li\| oliii ji
cx y? m klUiJj JwJl^Ljjjt ,^w»u;_, ^JlI JL*!I
ii^UJI ^L jS/l ^_, ^ti\i jp iij jli ip^\l ^ljjS/1
,> »jA-l tliij js ij.UJI oLaLaal jli tilJj J*,
J; Ja; ^-lijl ^.Ull Jjli ^jjl ijPlrt-M iftlijll
."i.U!l i»l»jll J ijliL. Sjbj Jl (_£jj; iiUaaM
welfare fund caisse du service social
446
5>Ji : Jli j'lT iJ^LI oUU^fHjr il_J_JI J->U j.
. « (IU1I Jl la-^l ^1 5 Ji » _,! J.LJI Jl iJ>^i\l
wergild rancon iaji , iluil
ransom : jW
white-collar class classe d'employes
lUi
J-k*Jj <Ui — 4
J ->" V
'f
Ua
. i*\rt-\l i>jll 4>-ji J* Jl^al) i^l>. jjl^ J
welfare state Etat providence
Jli iljjjl j «^>JI <wi v ^i L. j* l*M)\ 3 ji
«»»Li Jl J_i»J yv i_>wil_j_j 4-fj *4f—> JLsOJ
£-^i lil «!L»JI »J_-» Ji. j&ij VU*^ «_,U\I
J_^l i»lij jl (JwUii ajJ ^l jjjji jjjjl ji ^sJlI
ji_c- uaS/i j. ^i j.S/ij f LkJt Jii^ ^ju
s-j-jji jj- oi^i ji jjuai i«r; J^_ \ vi_~
. i«jX>JI <J_jI— <■ ^ Jj i^jUJI Okj^iilj
<s~
oUa>JI *tal» p_^i Jjl <Lfcli Jl 4Jjj )*l^s
gendarme state i_Ljl_JJI ifjjjl »^JLI L^-lk;
r UiJl iUJ u*l^l ^j Jp L^Ji, ^- jji ^
well-being bien public; prosperity sociale
AJklSjll L _^Jl
welfare : Jki).
Weltanschauung conception du monde
,JUlJ iULiJI «>3 1
J.LJJ J-Ldl f _**ll j* Jj_j ijQ| ur
jyli Uljj IS U*,\j ( ^ J i j. «j u world outlook
i>Jl .j_» j_k;_, ^ j — ; J->u ^ «.uli _,i
de bureaux
i^b\l j jjL* jjjjl ijyitjll J> 5jUI «Jl* Jlk"
i jS^ill JU^Sfl ^ L_»^j ^Jlj ol_£)l JUp\Ij
jilii «i j,u. j ^ii } . ijju \up! jjjjij, y,
•\> jL_» ^j>.| ijL-yuj blue-collar workers
ilLli j>-b stratum i^> 6J^j j^_^_ jitjll
j* j#«l»jM iil» >>; \j middle class J«-yli
L^Jj Jill ^lj j^aitj JwJI j^ait ^ji aXUI J& i^-j
. JUJlT^.;
white-collar crimes crimes de la classe
superieure i^liJl »>)^\
t/l^ 1 J^r j^j f>^ o^**- 1 W*^. ti 11 ^.j^- 1
: »JljA-l oJ » il_i»l j^j . 4l«jJ <-*j\£ tL'l «jj
OliU"\l t ^,^iil jjp ^_S3l t JU^M t ^-^rf-M
. ijijll t /JL II ^^ip i »jl»«J' ■ *;;■«'! ^-Jr-il J^
. iiUll. «JljJL-l J*- Jy Jli Ol._jiJI
Jli -cu-ljj J Sutherland ^.^M ^Wl /Xj
ju*\i ju-j ^ij>. ^ i_^r ji i^uji -ji^ jp i»ijj
0>U_« J ^rjJi" \ LU ijPlrf-l OliJa Jl jj^U; jJi\
iUiUI OlkUl ^^ »___, iUij /Uil ji ^^iJI
«Up J^J U ^_« — I jl ij^i -^ 4j j^UJo 11 4>wj ^
j^ Ot^'i/I y -^Ss "»/»•) iili ^ iiJUall kilt jljil
iU. «U^I pltlku.1 J jjSl ^_^ OlkLJI kill; ilij
. 4iu>JI
white slavery traite des blanches ,^^1 jj^Jl
slavery, white : Jil
447
whole learning methode d enseignement
global Jiji ^i
.^JJi JUu ^ 4S~ J_J>1I rjj>p IdJ i>_ ji y>
vijj- }\ Ij J^T i-j^iUl ^1 ^p Jut If JT
u<ji iL^yi sjjUj i»j jijjjj . juji ii»p J fi»_)
iJ*-£ (jJ>Ui f+»~i>) fefTKil jbj, JUL_j *lj»-NI
widowhood veuvage
>>
£.;JI <l* OU lil ^jjl j^i .dp jti j;JJI JUJI
J.ljSl oliU. 4-tl^l ot_.tJI iUii j>-_,
wife's rights droits de I'epouse i-jjll Jjy>-
L .^ J^. |J' If* V.-" £Jj" J* *=r.5j" jy^-
jij ji q)\ viK, \i i^_, .o-ijii u ji& bijipi
t>*-i
c-»j" >
k'l,
I -ill
Jl j.>>i j* ^ Jp
Jl 4^U^ U _^- Ip
Ic-i . 3-i-ij iil£. oils' j I Ul> Ip iVJI fU* ^»-j>U
^
Ij* Ji. ^ji-l .fl^l li Jyf V
will 1- volonte eilj^l - )
Jp «-~aJlj oU)/i u-j, tgJJi ^>JL j^vill
JJ ^j; J»UJ ijiljjl OljL*MI »j^i J Sjlj'yij
k*i"% J!l iLjJ! ^__U^ oL> ii-u _£_, f-l^l l>.
lUj J\ OLWI ^ Ul~ Jp r ijJVIj ^Ul, jy^\
. 5 iy i'l
:J>»lfi Jiu; ij->U^l ii_u)i J SjIjVi iy.}
i^i'l ikL jlj "Jljji jp J_£_» ^ jUJ^I jl ^y oU'l
WORK
Jp fyu aljf'lj ti-U-UH _ji i^jUJI Olyjll ^ Jil_.
jL^^I ij> ^ V j^iJI j! Sj ,_, w^JI ;/i
. J.ISJI UIjo:
2- testament ^j" _ T
«~i-S t_S <up_;^ -c^i. ,p .aj^ijl «j ^^<u a^-
^!i a*-i_«ilJ \ii) w>_Ji j-*-^) -^y J~ *!i_^.Ij >J*
wisdom sagesse
"Jai-J U IS^' iUi^JI iijxllj Jj^l ^jii J i_pJI
. Ow> Jii>J _jl 4j"U?- j^-Ui U "liyo jl j'uJ^/l
i JiJI flSUSf lilk. ^"jLo Jcf_ ^JJI y, «^>J^
j^^jj «_i ^Uic^ ^jji ji i4j -op yil j£j oxj ^iil jl
witchcraft sorcellerie iiyuJl t y«-Jl
sorcery : Ja\
withdrawal retrait wlx-J^I
ilXJi iu'i o^i w ^iJi > j ^u_j^l
iL>- ^_jU. — l^/l 7»~<ii -t»J . i^i'l JP i»lo-^|l Jiy ^l
> olo^/l j»\iaA w ik~ j^-zaXj iyjl IfJk ibu ijpUi
. ju^^fir >ji ji
woman's rights droits de la femme
feminism
il^l Jy>
«S>JI : >;i
women, employment of emploi des femmes
female workers o*>UL«Ji «l_JI : Ji;!
work travail Jj^ll
tJ_^!l ,\ i!\ ; i J^p jl J> _,! Jx J^JI ^l j. fj,
i^Sj-iJl JwJI Jp labour US' r az^ ]^, t «-»-iaJI
WORK FLOW 448
J-^- 5, ^—^yj intellectual ji* Jlij manual . ^/J' i-U sju>j1i "J^'j oUUVl J— » J* Syiyii
-LiLji JIpj administrative ;,bVI lli- Jl L-'bi
' ^^ ' work simplification simplification du travail
simple Jgjji jji ji l^_^w> i_-*-j executive .—. ( u » •.
specialized ijA ^J\.\ JJlj
IjiiJJ «f;. iikiJ.1 JL^^/I JJj*j i^>UJI Jj^l
labour Jji : ^i J^i ii, i j^i > JU*S/I aU^V L^T, U^j
work flow ecoulement du travail j^i j£ ■ 4 >> *^> lM 1 » lji ij ^ J* ^' ^ >
^ C_^ j, j.L_iNI jl wJl&l Jb-I J X. ^-jjl J.LJI
JaJly^ »Jj^_Jj «i_^_ j ^jjl OSjIIj "Cl_ > L>-j *~»£)
\a±J* Je- iJUdl iJjU^.j jiaJI Ijm, iJjjJ JJI jij;
work improvement amelioration du travail
^-kji.ui - ^.^J JJI jia; Jjju; y oi.i^i
"u'UI^-Nj J «jJI JiaJ i^Ji^ll «Ul i.^L« Jj-UJ jl
work study etude des modes operatoires
J*a)I <u>I^
j j Ljjob' j «_*-UI oUJJ iiwiiJl iv'J''
J— J 1 JjIj J — -Ijj J—^'j i !_,_. JS" o">L^m;
' t_ • work measurement JJl^Uj method study
• ^->*J i>*^Jij iUUi jji ji j, J"LdJ (.a_i»x_; j!ij
work load charge du travail Jiill *',_* J»* flJJ j&r o-j J»a»l Je- cJL«i-i j_J ialll
y sLdi y -ji y ^n \.y A j\ jji ur ■ ^
. i~-UJi JJi oij^, ;jU Lj: ^*j Ujbi j^ii worker travailleur J*UII
jljiMI JAP Jj-UJ J JJI ei_fr iyw OpL-Jj .U) J*<u^ i>A; ^ jl ijJL VU*I ^jj}; Jji o'
. a.uii ^ji ^ uk^ 1 ijij.^i^ij y -cku o^-j j~* ^j-u. i.o>- j jj-i
standard work units JU'j ^Jj^_ll J»-i; ^'1* «/» J.U- iJT Ojjj
labourer : J*\
work measurement etude du temps au
chronometre J**" .j^lJ
worker, independent travailleur independant
cJjl' JrN—" ^ 5jL* cijJI i-lja y JJI w ^U
J^-" J=r' 0- J—" 0- j~ 'Jr J\ «LJ!l -»>i-. ^-i- 11 ** ' ' ^"^
CJ) JT j, ,yiUJi J^i ^^ ,«o, l^^jj .JliJl o-^ 1 -; - 1 * c&: ■ j>r\ VU* ^-i*^-.^ JJt-» J>1*
■ ^-*jU *iJ^ u-?)** *-*> Jr- J r^- s* ■ j>r^ 0)Ju o^_- V I aljjl _.• JU>.
work relief secours aux chomeurs workers' education education des travailleurs
j^»Ull i'lPl j^, ^
J^ 1 Cf J^^ *-»i»il ^W^ 1 W«»-*'" g? 1 jl^ 1 labour education OlJi «l2li : >-i
449 WRITING
working class classe ouvriere 4,&i y^yi world monde JUII
C-;-L>Jl ^L-aJI £~^i> J OxJ-LJI JLJ1 «-U»- - 1 " 111 li>^.J ■ *ij^ j' J ^-^ J^ ~**~^ J
4iiUI ( ^1TU1_, ^ ikiM jj^lillj i*jOv f*^ ... jJ 1 ^-^1
• ^Jj^ 1 »J» u* ^j^l ji LoJl o~j jlUil j« JJWI f J* J^.j
working conditions conditions du travail ' ** ^" ^ X ■ -^ */ J
J**! 1 ^*/j» .LiSli «-* <ii sensible ^^l ,1U)I Jlij
labour conditions : >i ■ u- 1 .^ ^ Jl J 5 ^- J 11
.\»JJl , Lai, L. j>« intelligible , UJIiUilj
working mothers meres ouvrieres ' " - r
female workers o*Gll .LJI : >, ^ Q ' ^ ^ JrWI ^ U -»* ^' ^
. l Li«)l <_J» Jilj
working population population active
_ t _ r ^i Third World ^JUii ^Ull : Jlij
VISL. J_^ j. jlUll j L";i£, Li JjjJl j. S^T
population, active >WI jK_!l : >l ijUa;iVI ^ u , ^ ^^ J|j; v ^
workmanship habilete dans le travail ■ Weltanschauung ^ iULMI i^til : >l
J»i)l ,) *p1^!\ 4 «3#1
worship culte siUll
J.USI LAJlj £j>-\ ijJi l\ } \ SjJIj 5jL1I jl-U.
proficiency ^ii sius^ii : ^i
ancestor worship L»">CVI iSu : Jli _,
. ioljjl j^^jjl j JoJL CJlT Jl ObLJI ja jt,
workshop atelier jiH, t £#, .^, . jUj ,i re . W orship ^l ^
jl »-^f y r-L'i J tjjb JL-Ji Li Jii slii. phallic worship jTJJi «L*j worship of force
rehabilitation workshop C*li ii V. : Jli .
worth.net valeur nette
training workshop vij-^ ^JJJ J l *^- , )' , s^^* ' *^ ! J^ - J^*
J»- jl U rj_ r i^ J p_^va»«)l ,_/- J_j^»MI (jiJU
works council comite d'entreprise ^ .
. i&LI
Sj i^i ^ ^jx, ^ a-^i j 11 ^ js^- wri,ing 6criture ^'
r-LMl 5jI jj =i)jo ifr->C) J^jJI «laU; ,ja^ ) JUJIj j_^j jwij ^1 Olilll j. i«J i_M jjkil j;>tll
. . . jJI ^Lvall J,Sl\ J* .JI^VIj >^l ) i* jU!l ^>Vl iljll ji jjjil J* iL_. j_^»j
WRITING
450
it£li ou Jij . ( ... jji ^tuilij ^i, ^_iji_, ,^ ; . .juni jiJL .li-ji y u/ ^ri ^ jt^ii
U^t ^ pictorial stage «_Jj,^_l iLi-pl . jUNi oKL_i ^i j. io^i *i^i
J^s ^ ideographic stage #1 „# «E^ ^ ljdl oU ^ ^^ ^.^ ^ ^
i — >_^l i__-^_)l ji phonetic stage su _j, ^ j^^ ^, iVir ^^ ^ >( , ^;
ol^S/l L-^i J_i_ ^Jl alphabetical stage ^^ - bir ^, ^ oU>L| ^ ; ^
!,> jjii oUfli 1^ J"- Ul*- J»jj>- JCi J* ijUwJ , ^_ j ^
JUuVI jL iUjll »Sa j;_;_, 3jl_. iUllT i_CJI
xenogamy xenogamie, fecondation croisee
xenophobia xenophobie
ethnocentrism ^pJ^l; jIjc*^i JJX ±i\
xenodochium xenodochium jjj| ; j£jl
VU^-j jlT S-J.lJjj iUf xenodochia :<Jlij
• hostel Jy ; J*\
xenocentrism xenocentrisme Jji\ fe jlTjill
. t
. iJldl
xenoglossophilia xenoglossophilie
jwlJ! ail >-l <j jS^_ (^Jll Cijll J ^>-i J^ai J*
. <>-jb a U OUJSv
xenophily xenophilie >_Jl»-^l il>v>
yellow-dog contract contrat du travail
anti-syndical J*l*ll i'jiJ x£\ ui*!l
i*bf *L— iNI ?Jmj ^Ull *»3?j£ -H*^ J-*^ •&*'
ailo Jll iliil J** jlT Lilt sltdl ill ^ ili
yeoman 1 —petit proprietaire
^ s?^ 1 &P <> ^ J ^^W^ U» jll*
• V^'jJi (\>*J •£**» (j^J 1 «»Ja»
2 - subordonne
jUII - t
yoga yoga li-^jl
a^^a-JI Jl JJ^ i-U>l ii—Ull j» ,>,„,' c »JU
i-J-UI Ji>0 ,J>- ^JH^J u"*^' ji>*"J <^J— II ifcu^ait
. j£jl ~ jU^I j*j Jl,JI
young delinquent jeune delinquant
delinquent : ^
youth jeunesse . 'Cijl
t it i «ii i-ijjji «u- iy i jjiii i^i t jij-ujij iuijiij
jl *I_>»-jll jl iJLijI iLj-^t Lf-'l il»-jLI o-L» j-t^'j
il frjllj 4^-jJl iL»^t Lj iljiMI ^a^JJj . it_^MI
il—^- jl iU-jLI oJLa r-t»«J IJAj ljj»«j jtS"! jjij^oj
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youth welfare protection sociale
de I'adolescence uQjl Hfcj
Ijjlsf. 0' Je- «_jUJI SopLwi Jl ijijf." ^11 ij^sLI
zeal zele ^t^jl t s^\
Zeitgeist esprit de I'epoque ^^ill r-jj
zero defects action d'eviter les defauts
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zero efficiency zero de productivity
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zetetic analyse zetetique i>Jl JJ*Jl
^) <S*^.) > ' J^*-" ^ij" 1 . iU— • V^'iJ **ij^
le'L'l aljll i-UiJI j. JirJ jl_j ii^U^. ilLil ^jijiu jl
vl^xJL IAjUS 4_<i» Jf CJlT IJU t jJUaJI oli i-^ii Jl
<5^NI 4., A iiH U^zj J_jMI i. .Anil CJlT IaJUj ^ Jj>^i
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B. Ziegornik JU^l ^Ul Jl ^^k^l li* ,__~
tly-'N »-Lf>- ^i»l Jjb J 4j_jj»!I J^iil ipj «j Jj./»alij
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Zionism Sionisme aJj^aII
LJ j* Herzl ^p-x. ^j^ l »>w> \*t-'} «S"j»-
ijjf-_ ii^j i-l»l I,- -L<aij . ^.tp /«^UJI j^iil ji-\)\ j
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zodiac zodiaque rjjJl S^JIa
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zonal theories theories zonales
ZONE
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jC^ 1 ^y' 1 -* 11 ^J^ 1 <j£ lOljjliJI oi* j.j
w ,^-^ ki — ijl L ^jiUj concentric zone theory
j£i J jj^' kail jl ^ ^yiiJbj E.W. Burgess
JL*S/I JU-j Uk^T ijjdl J ^Ul jT^. J^- oUU
«k^.j «k-jdl OliJaJI jSL- «ik>, JLJLI 5jU' «k^j
. ^Jjl OUJaJI j^L. ikUj ijjill OUJaJI jSL*
y*y V: lS^j section theory c-ikili i^JiJ,
JJ p~& iull jl j ^aiJj'j Homer Hoyt oy
oLtj^J.1 jtS"l jlj .ij-dl C-c' US' j.i>^ J _ > ^. ijj*. j
. ijjjl OliLJI jt, ^Usl olCjl
multiple nucleus theory sSuidl Cljjl i!^
J v^^'j Harris & Ulman olllj ^ jl» L ^jUj
jiji^ijiji-y n io> jr j jri>i ^ b^ ju ji
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. Lj-'IjU-j olilj-^Jl ouajj i-lj-d zoography Jli
zooerasty zooerastie Olj^Jb '-^" JUaJ'il
bestiality jlj-^Jlj jUVl ^
sexual perversions i_JLl olil^VI : Ja\
zoolatry zoolatrie obljiJl &l>
L'U^ J ji Li «_»_^l Jus ^1 OUL^I iiU
. zoomorphism
zoophobia zoophobie ^>'j!»»J' V^J
zoosociology zoosociologie
zone zone
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ecological zone o^jJjO iLL Jlij
urban zone ijJu- uLLj
zone of deterioration «&£ ^LLj
zone of transition Jllx;! jjS j iiiaLj
zoning zonage £^1
jJaJj tjw JUL. Jl tjjdl -_£ villi, a^ill
. oi_^»Ji oiuiJ iijUii i-ijjji »_,* ,£jyi ju)i
symbiosis Jil&Ji J* v 1 ^ 1 oU^»Jl ^"j
Ob jj>S/l iild*. v- oUir i^ ^"/iil iUJI ^1
5%Ji Oj^j (^i parasitism JikJIj iUlS^ oU-U-
. Jai» J^iJall > ll>- yk Li Lij*-j«
o"l>- j* iJljlil (^1 commensalism iiUilj
,>li ^'IT y ^j inquilinism i^Ulj i^L^
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Confederation (^\j>xjl>£) ^oaUj il»;l
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Promiscuity
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Homestosis
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Annihilation
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Consistency
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Innovation
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Social consensus
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Contact
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Communication, social
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Creativeness
£10.1
Social contact
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Communications,
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Deportation
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Ostracism
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Agreement
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Maintenance
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Social consensus
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Imbecile
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Gentleman's agreement
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Bastard
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International agreement
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Cognation
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Gentleman's agreement
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Fatherhood
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Conjuncture U
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Occasionalism
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Ethnography
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Autocracy
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Industrialism
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Union
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Trust
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Discursive cognition
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Broadcasting
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Radio broadcast
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Television
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Sociability
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Counselling, employment
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Land, marginal
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Extinction
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Congestion
Overcrowding
Ambivalence
Eternity
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Crisis
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Folk-ways
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Interview, research
Infringement
Brotherhood
Blood brotherhood
Fraternity
Performance
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Administration
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Social administration
Management
Farm management
Administration,
personnel
Objectives,
management by
Municipal administration
Micro management
Social work
administration
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General will
Management, scientific
Division
Financial administration
Administration, local
Co-management
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Business management &jl»«sll olej^ill Sjbl
Middle management (J k«ij «jbl
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Cognition ityji
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Social disequilibrium
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Vanishing choice
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Necromancy
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Garnishment
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Mechanization, **bj"
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Autonomy, political
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Contract system
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Discovery
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Domestication
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Schedule
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Depreciation
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Inference, inductive
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Consumption,
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Internalization
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Feed back
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Assimilation
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Relaxation
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Social fermentation
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Detribalization
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Socialism, national
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Originality
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Residence
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Occultism
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Natural economy
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Appropriation
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Econometrics
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Dependency
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Mixed economy
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Supernaturalism
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Domestic economy
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Home economics
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Abundance, economy
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Welfare economics
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Economism
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Seniority
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Column charts
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Ratification
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Help
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Alienation
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Estrangement
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County
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Rape
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City region
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Inducement
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Particularism
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Metropolitan regionalisation iJU^j^u i*Ji\
Lock out
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Debasement
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Inducement
Privilege
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Persuasion
Capitulations
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Commitment
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Injunction
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Command
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Employability
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Intimidation
Collective security
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Safety, industrial
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Security, industrial
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Security, public
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Security, individual
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Working mothers
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Motherhood
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Illiteracy
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Revocation
Production
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Large scale production
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Elective affinity
Productivity
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Literacy
Attention
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Transhumance
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Charisma
Tropism
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Empire
Suicide
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Imperialism
Election
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Selection, social
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Ordeal
Selection, natural
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Continuation
Mandate
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Social continuation
Diffusion
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Extraterritoriality
Expectation
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Rurbanization
Social order
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Reprisal
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Belongingness
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iJLijyal
iol
^Uw-l ii-twl
l^lS^I jlJti«l
Jli' g\y*\
£liul
ijLP
464
Illusion
?U»ul
Opportunism
ijl^il
Impulse
pjioil
Anthropology
\?r}y.ij&
Impulsion
pjioil
Anthropology, social
i^Uaj-l ^y'y.js'^
Fusion
rUJlil
Anthropology, &&) i*Ua»-l Urjljij^' 1
Sociability
APUnJli rUJJl
functional social
Boys' clubs
OL-a!l i-Ul
Metaanthropology
iA»\l \& , y*y.jj$
Man
jUll
Anthropology, applied
\i.hi brjijjjj*'!
Social man
^Uaj-I jljI
Anthropology, synthetic
<L~J^J l-srjljijj*''
Economic man
^iUa^l jl—il
Anthropology, cultural
A-iUS \-fr^y,)jj^
Homo oeconomicus
tjaLail 01— il
Anthropology, physical
"*&.}* WrjIjiJ^ 1
Homo faber
«jUtf 0UI
Anthropometry
\.j*y.)j&
Homo sapiens
Jste JUll
Commutation
ijy. JWs"
Superman
j»ir oui
Reproduction
U^i\
Marginal man
_i»U OU-il
Accomplishment
jUJt
Humanity
iJl_it
Achievement
jl^ji
Harmony
*Im_JI
Performance
jUJl
Leisure time activities
^i!l olijl ikiil
Group performance
^U>- jlwJl
Secession
JUiJl
Social achievement
J^LI J*JI jl~l
Particularism
isl^l
Ecstasy
3j~e i_ilO»*il
Affiliation
•U^ail
Corruption
(Jl>>ul
Image
iUai A*-Uail
Deviation
i»\j*i\
Take off
J">Uail
Perversion
JJI^ul
Introversion
t ljkil
Child delinquency
iij^i Ls^i
Ontology
Lrjljiail
Juvenile delinquency
ilj^l (Jlj»ul
Insecurity
J^l f lj»t
Quartile deviation
^tJ j (Jlj»ul
Anonymity
t£3>j)l J~J! flJWl
Disorientation
(£j~Jl *«£jH <j* <-"j»«l
Isolationism
iJlyul
Mean deviation
Ja-yia *Ji\yu\
Expenditure, public
•I* JUil
Standard deviation
l£jL*a ciSly^Jl
Population explosion
Jl^»i jbiiil
Sexual perversions
JLnYf OliljTuI
Secession
JUaiJl
Deviationism
ijl^l
Homelessness
(jJl* JLmJI
Obsession
jLaxJl
Antism
»Uaiil
Decadence
Jslk*il
Dissociation
i ; i/i*»mll »UaiJl
Degeneration
Jslk*il
Emotion
JWil
Devolution
Jjlk^l
Depression
^LSil
Social degeneracy
tt»i>-t Jsllaxjl
Segmentation
»l_4il
Degeneration
J^Uil
Psychic splitting
jfMiii »l— dil
Family disorganisation
£^.1 J>Uil
Fractionalism
<uaLJail
Dissociation
i-A>viJI M*j\
465
ilk
Auto-suggestion
Jb »UjI
Discontinuity
Mkiil
Contrasuggestion
( -«£* hUjI
Coup d'Etat
»,^»-Ia* jc-it- - wJ*Adil
Heterosuggestion
iSj& »UjI
Atheism
iUjWjl&l
Ideography
UJI^-jj-ul
Deflation
^L&l
Ideology
Vr^ii-^'
Food consumption
(iuyi iW^i iuji
Historical idealism
i-ju jlj 4^^1jJ^I
patterns
Metabolism
•>.'
Defeatism
V!i* il
Social metabolism
^U»-l ^1
Breakdown, nervous
tr^j^ 1
Rhythm
flil
Anomre (anomy)
ijyl
Social ecology
•U-Uy-I ^rjj^i'
Animism
<u«Jl
Ecology, human
<4_/«JJ Lj^IjSjI
Outrage
iiUI
Ecology, work
J**)l 4j?jij£j\
Social goals
ijtUiy-l iJSIjaI
Ecology, urban
ooil karjijfij}
Archaism
i*jOl f U»jl
Obsolescence
Jljjjl Jl j}>.)
Oligarchy
ijSjWj'
Gesture
4fUuJ
Coalition
tJ*S1
Faith
jUj_i
Credit
0U3I
Diabolism
j Ik-ill; jUjI
Social credit
^U»-l 0U5I
Ambidexterity
y-jl j*jl
Altruism
p\
Suggestion
.w
Axioms
oL^.0
Social pathology
ijtUi>-l L>%JyU
Healing
V.
Investigation
C*?u
Patent
fys-y My
Research
^V
Workmanship
J**li J **!*
Social research
^U^-l ki^u
Linear programming
<Us^ nj>\j>
Action research
r^^b iiji* C-»y
Programs, development
a*m\ ?y>\y t
Documentary research
t^SiPu t^r^* *i-»V
Pragmatism
4JUj^
Field research
ij\xj> ki-»v
Bourgeoisie
*ej!*v;
Opinion research
fiuii ^i 6jm
Social program
^U^-l p^^H
Operation research
OLUnJl wyu
Demonstration
oi»^
Evidence
islOj
Proletariat
^!J - Jji
Nomadism
Sjljj
Humanity
*tj»i
Alternatives, cultural
iilii JjIju
Personal unemployment
iw^w 43 Ik;
Primitivism
iylaj
Label, trade union
5jv*» 4Slk>
Heresy
i^JJ 4POj
4JU*
466
Structure
»b
Unemployment
SjUa
Basic personality
i.&nJ;)} ^Uil tlj
Unemployment,
i?rjlj£j iHkj
culture
technological
Infrastructure
JawI tb
Underemployment
"ijy>- ZNat
Group structure
4»UmJ< tb
Hard core unemployment
&>y> Si\ioj
Character structure
jWUb
Seasonal unemployment
<L»»^» ii\iat
Informal structure
^jj^'W
Sib
>.
Super-structure
^j*^
Palingenesis
iL-jv
Boarding house
Qfti.m'j
Regeneration
i/-JJ^-*
Filiation
5jj
Delegation
Ai*>
Social structure
>Ui^-l jLj
Prostitution
*u>
Structuralism
iJLj
Existence
tU;
Polyandry
4jjJJLJjj
Maintenance
»Ui
Police
cT^
Survival
tli)
Sociogram
ts'l^'Jr^ ^W
Social survival
-frU^rl »Ui
Information
oUb
Built up area
hjj&- 4Mb
Basic data
i_vUI C>Ub
Apathy
^Uj-VI 5i%
Data
i>U- ol'b
Social confusion
4^Uur< iLl
Home
C~j
Developed country
_j*Jl »li Ji;
Firm
t^jbu C—j
Trusteeship territory
&b?j!l C-JxJ Ji
Bureaucracy
ijsljjjjy
Town
jjL
Bibliography
LJb»-_jjLj
Borough
& jj&l OJJj
Evidence
iw
Bolshevism
^ !rtini^
Puritanism
<bbjj£
Racketeering
&JaL
Environment *
fcj
Puberty
^
Social environment
i*Ua>-l fcj
Amorality
j^uvi j* J>«
Correction
History
Historiography
Social history
i-jilj Yeoman
jjjls Subordination
jpU Impressionism
^Ua>-I jijb Effectiveness
Social history in casei>i)l i*J?- ti ^Ui»-I jpls Influence
work Crown
Metahistory J»U jo.jls Retardation, mental
467
(*j •
Insight
j**"?
Metahistory
4s*i CP U
Dependency
<L*J
Ontogenesis
4)$* C J --' U
Heteronomy
ijui
Case-history
iJUJi £>-
Class Crystallization
^jjM
Life history
5UJI jjjb"
Adoption
'<&
Autobiography
OliJl jplJ
Tabulation
y-ii^
Ethnohistory
ijlajl (_yviJi jvijti
Succession
*jti
Phylogenesis
yiJl jujlj
Commercialisation
J**
Synergy
J»
Acculturation
jils
Acclimatization
Jib
Fixation
C— iJ
Apotheosis
4ji-
Decasualisation
j~*>dl JUail C—3
Deification
4jL-
Acculturation, marginal
2
Reflection
J.6
Trade
ijUu"
Introspection
^ J*
Internal trade
iJ>-b jjUu
Nationalisation
(«*' lj
Homogeneity
c r' t ?« ;
Social insurance
^U^-l js*b
Uniformity
u-j^
Group insurance
i^ 1 *^ j- ,ls
Contiguity
JJ^""
Life insurance
5UJI Jp jjaU
Juxtaposition
JL>l*u*
Habilitation
Js*""
Anabolism a-*J!
fL^' J 1>*JI iJbju
Rehabilitation
J=*to
Modernisation
OjOwj
Interpretation
JiJto
Regeneration
JbJlsiu
Advocacy
xJa
Experience
ij>«J
Support
JUb
Practicism
A~jj?ij
Acculturation
^jUJ JsL;
Abstraction
•bffj
Mutualism
aJjL;
Deprivation
-Uj»C
Ca'canny strike
jb^i ^ >L3
Death, civil
(J.U -li j»w
Divergence
op Li
Demilitarization
ij5wJl ii^jl jj -Lij»w
Social distance
^Uarl J*Li
Abstractionism
&-ljj»«3
Differentiation
JiV
Segmentation
&£u
Heterogeneity
^
Compartmentalization
4... A &£u
Variance
Ui^"
Incarnation
J— «j
Celibacy
J*
Reification
■Litftf
Alteration
Ji-M
Accumulation
AO»U
Gift
&»
Conglomeration
Ao»u
Compurgation
j-wb iSjy
Nucleation
Ao»u
Justification
jijy"
Assemblages
ialP OIa«j>u
Rationalization
jijy"
Collectivisation
£r*?u
Work simplification
J**JI k.„.j
Colligation
("r*^
Foresight
^m*J
{j*****r
468
Item analysis c
Job analysis
Conversion
Social mutation
Metamorphosis
Mutation
Alteration
Transference
Automation
Industrial demobilisation
Transfer
Bias
Partiality
Preconception
Prejudice
Telepathy
Placement
Sabotage
Specialisation
Particularism
Apportionment
Planning
Planning, social
Economic planning
Planning, regional
National planning
Manpower planning
Physical planning
Planning, local
City planning
Demotion
Devaluation
De-class
Degradation of labour
Backtracking
Commutation
Backwardness
Devolution
J?*
if*
JaJa>C
tSiLadil Ja-knj
jjj Ja«Ia?u
iUUil ^dll JaJa>ij
i£iU JaJakJ
ifjjjl L) AJ6v
iljdl jAJ&6
5jl$ll ,jAi>«;
j^'UjjJI jejuni
(Jdxj
(Jdxj
Naturalization
Recruitment
Alliance
Social approval
Subconscious
Social, ossification
Defiance
Contraception
Snobism
Emancipation
Liberalism
Social mobility
Inquiry
Decolonisation
Sophistication
Ethnogenics
Urbanization
Verification
Inquiry
Investigation
Verification
Self-realization
Anthropometry, applied
Arbitration
Voluntary arbitration
Analysis
Social analysis
Analysis, statistical
Quantitative analysis
Systems analysis
Analysis of variance
Sequential analysis
Marginal analysis
Factor analysis
Qualitative analysis
Content analysis
Input and output >.
analysis
JaJUw
jjm£JI C-?«J
^U»-l >*»
jki
J— J I -0J»
^U>l i3j»«i
c/^>UI j~«;
^U»-l J-U;
^ S U»-I JJ«J
J»*ll JL-Jl JJ»«j
469
u^.jy
Retrogression
&J
Backwardness, social
^Ua>-1 jUwJ
Compromise
y*l>
Social lag
l fi'Uip r \ atec
Accommodation
JiLia ^yjljj
Lag, cultural
^Ui uUnJ
Accumulation
>
Mental deficiency
iic. JiJbu
Education
ijy
Boundaries
P*
Social education
iL^U^I i~iji
Intimidation
ijuyu
Physical education
iJJj XjJ
Female suffrage
^u^i j»- sijii Jj>«
Chronology
«5ljjii [i-J— J <-*JJ>
Social provisions
ijf-Uy-l jj)jj
Deportation
cW
Association of ideas
JUI ^u-
Expatriation
cW
Exchange
JjU
Labour deportation
JL*!l Jj-jJ
Economy
^j>u
Repatriation
CW' d» d~J
Statesmanship
ajjjji jj»i ^o;
Retroaction
£*V
Home economics
i^jsi-* 5
Trust
C-jy
Interventionism
yji
Referral of workers
J**U JUaJi 7v*y
Interventionism
iJj-JG
Rationalisation
J-iy
Neo-interventionsim
&o»- aJ^-o;
Luxury
? J
Smoking
^■«
Social ascension
j/Uw-l jji
Hierarchy
E.J'*'
Advancement
4iy"
Social stratification
j/U^-l £jJ3
Promotion
iiy
Stratification
(/J»EJ Ji
Upgrading
iiy
Training
wJJ-ti
Abandonment
^
Professional training
^ V.J-* 3
Inheritance
*>
Vocational training
t/4* ^riJ-* 3
Localisation of industry
ic-Uail jSy
Scaling
E J .J aj
Synthesis
s-^y
Consolidation
(**■**
Topology, field
JUvJU (^J4) y— Sy
Reinforcement
(**■«
Class-structure
J^° <r$j
Bureaucratization
ijbljSj^Jl -»paj
Social morphology
««a>til k-~y
Flow of labour
JUaJI jsjj
Structuralism
4JLj i^S)>
Work flow
J-JI J«J3
Concentration
j&
Profanity
CjUjJjII j-w-U
Xenocentrism
J&&J&
Sacrilege
CjUjJjII <i»~'"^
Coding
CliUJI Jjy
Profanity
i-— i-tf
Amusement
OUj^ gjji
Decadence
JJ*"* 5
Entertainment
ffJj'"
Deterioration
JJ*"* 3
Recreation
C-J>
Coherence
v>
Commercial recreation
C-JJ 3
Heritage
iiy
Promotion
i£j^ £LJJ
Tradition
Oly
Domestication
a*ijj
Culture heritage
^US ilj!
< <4i^J
470
Xenoglossophilia
ii\i)\ JjUlVb JJIA!
Ruralisation
jjo£\ UL£J
Vagrancy
ijii
Xenogamy
ij.UI ^br'il £,!>-
Vagrancy, juvenile
•ZAJr*i\ SjZ
Miscegenation
C/fcUl £jlji
Social anatomy
^USf 1 JUfij
Accretion
Jbljj
Enactment
C^"
Toleration
£fc»Lj
Legislation
C^"
Sublimation
»l_!
Social legislation
^Ua>-1 gsii
Interdependence
ujt-j
Labour legislation
J»*J1 Qjiz
Recording
jmi^*hj
Divergence
uUJ
Concubinage
Child labour
&\j*H\ jsWj
Concubinage
J~i
Womem, employment of
tUjI J-A~J
Demobilization
A^Mjl 7Uj~j
Convict labour
jj£»JLI Jj^tJ
Moral rearmament
^^Lw-
Configuration
J^"
Amusement
aJ-j
Deformity
«— jjl aj£3
Distraction
aJ-j
Sectarianism
i
Entertainment
4JLj
Approbation
JiXjS
Extradition
j-«^«ll ( ^ ! Lj
Ratification
J).UflJ
Nomination
U-j
Sanction
^U*ri Ji-u<aJ
Facilitation
cM" J
Dead hand
<_rjb- Ls^u
Social facilitation
^U»r-l J-4-J
Declaration
C-r*"
Begging
Jj— j
Industrialization
»j'i<i?
Mendicancy
Jj— j
Rural industrialization
cAijJl £W»J
Compromise
i^J
Classification
oa-ua;
Justification
£>J
Occupations classifica-
JaJa»dU j^ll Juuaj
Similarity
<uUJ
tion for planning
Consultation, joint
tJjC&» jjUj
Classification,
^ u»~AJ
Pessimism
pjlii
occupational
Anthropomorphism
jUMb <u£j
Preconception
tjftjyt
Dispersion
Cu'lM.t
Collective
i*A>- Cj\jy/H
Distraction
JftJJI CaAJ
representations
Deconcentration
, » «fc7
Conceptualism
kjy*
Diagnosis
^Aj^uU
Suffrage
C-JyAl
Social diagnosis
^Uar-I ijAJciJ
Voting ballot
<^~y-aj
Diagnosis, cooperative
{Jj\*3 i jA^%J^j
Contrariety
ata;
Differential diagnosis
JjUll jA^AJ
Value conflict
l»Jtfl VJ^
Diagnosis in case work
iyjil iaa»- ^ jA*&
Coalition
jiUa;
Diagnosis in community
Jnil *«£>ill j/i/*M
Esprit-de-corps
j»Ua?
development
Solidarity
j»L4;
Overconformity
Jliw*J(l <j iUii
471
Jpli-
Fanaticism
y.. <■),«'
Togetherness
j»\-X
Intolerance
U.l/Mf
Social solidarity
^U»-l (^»UaJ
Bigotry
Jkpl y.. <■),«'
Organic solidarity
i£yP* ,j»L<sJ
Chauvinism
^jifij y../1,«i
Libation 1^.»» U
jl SJJ^l; 4»>waJ
Continence
ijtiiu
Inflation
r*
Sterilisation
(W 2 " 1
Correspondence
&*
Ritualism
^ylaJli jU
Demonstration
i}**j~te
Learning
<*
Social parasitism
^Uarl yfiai
Whole learning
PP
Puritanism
kj&B
Instruction
f^*>
Purification
J*&*
Teaching
(«***
Evaluation
J>"
Workers' education
jU*il «JUj
Social evolution
^Uarl jjej
Adult education
jlfll (»JU3
Conflict in
Coeducation
Ja&w «JUj
organisation iJsJJ
J*b jVj j^Ui
Generalisation
(►y** 3
Mutualism
ix^>U;
Commitment
A^u
Snobism
>Uj
Amulet
«ij_y«J
Alternation
yiU;
Charm
jijjoj
Succession
i_JU;
Incarnation
s-Ljoj
Cooperation
OjUj
Spell
5JUj*J
Antagonistic cooperation
a^omJI jjUj
Compensation
u^.r 3
Farming cooperatives
A-pljj OtyUj
Indemnity
U*-J*"
Coexistence
cTi 1 * 3
Remuneration
U^-J*"
Fatigue
V-*
Reparation
U*-J*'
Mobilisation, economic
iiLflil &w
Appointment
tJ55^
Expressionism
<OjW«J
Nomination
Js~"
Acceleration
J* 1 * 3
Heterogeneity
>>•
Census
iLw
Feeding
iJitf
Polyandry
g\jji\ iJW
Nutrition
4jJUu
Polygeny
oUrjjll iJW
Feed back
<L£l^ji«il AjJUJ
Alteration
Ji-w
Absenteeism
u— «j"
Mining
ji-*" 3
Variations
(iiljJC
Labour immobility J*p j»
JU«JI JlfcSl jJw
Accidental variations
i;5U>j jl *~*v* *- J, vs*
^Tji
Social change
^Uat-I v*'
Recognition
iJijKJ
Change, technological
i/j!^ J*"
Definition
Ju.j*
Cultural change
t?^ V* 3
Operational definition
Jljrj Jijj*
Optimism
iJjLaJ
Biverbal definition
JSiljllj Ju.jri
Social interaction
^Usrl J*l«J
Reinforcement
JiJ*
JpU;
472
Dichotomous population
OlSHJ Jti ^Js
Interaction
Division of labour
J»«ll |»-_i'
Interactionism
Zoning
OOll .*..:&
Atomization
Abstinence
Ji.uJS;
Inspection
Asceticism
^Jt,nJ&
Kurtosis
Austerity
^Jt,njG
Social discrimination
Continence
^Jt,nJG
Apartheid
Fluctuations, economic
iaLail olii"
Discrimination, racial
Usage
oJjj
Abreaction
Fad
4*J&
Explication
Depopulation
OlSLil JUfi
Exposition
Reincarnation
(jAfcii
Disintegration
Metampsychosis
^J^ 1 u***"
Disorganisation
Empathy
j\^rj aJs '
Social disorganization
Standardization
J^ 3
Reasoning
Retrogression
^4*
Thinking
Evaluation
(HJ*
Deputation
Job evaluation
JaSlls^l »_i
Mandate
Interdependence
J»l6
Delegation
Symbiosis
^Uat-l Jiifc
Social delegation
Equivalence
jit£r
Opposition
Integration
J-&
Prescription
Social integration
^eUarl J»l&
Retirement
Integration, economic
t£ALfli1 J«1Sj
Superannuation
Culture integration
(^IS J«l&
Tradition
Snobbism
j*
Social traditions
Tactics
dLSi
Oral traditions
Atonement
js*&
Acceptance
Expiation
^yiSi
Advance
Technocracy
ifal#&
Progress
Technology
U^jJ^M
Social progress
Prognosis
"*a
Aging
Institutionalization
^Uii jjjSj
Progressivism
Hospice
tlyijlj i&
Esteem
Adaptation
<J*&
Estimation
Social adaptation
^Ua^l »_ji-^;
Judgment, value
Enculturation
JUS JsX"
Valuation, objective
Job adjustment
J->aU Js-SJ
Report
JiLia JpUi
jJUj
J**
473
cJa^J
Reincarnation
jtwLj
Accommodation
fj*
Metempsychosis
r [jj^I jvjUJ
Manipulation
i-^i
Harmony
j-itj
Syncretism
^ fj ^T
Correspondence
>UJ
Automatism
iSUL"
Homology
>Ui
Apprenticeship
•LfctUff 5-LUi
Dissonance, cognitive
/Ijil Jta
Pollution
OjL'
Competition
u~to
Television
Ojjjddj
Rivalry
jJUi
Conformity
J»Ui
Social competition
^U»-l jj-iti
Homology
J»UJ
Concurrence, social
^U»-l jj-Jtj
Assimilation
J»Ui
Antagonism
J&i
Malingering
j^jUj
Antimony
a&z
Coherence
viUUj
Inconsistency
o**t>
Cohesion
iIUUj
Alternation
cjjb"
Consistency
i^LiUj
Drinking
jjy&\ ±j\ijjjL\ Jjla
Social cohesion
>U^-I i^LiUj
Forecasting
**
Group cohesiveness
&U»JI idLUi
Prediction, social
j^U^-l J*j
Differentiation
jjLi
Astrology
r*^"- 3
Social differentiation
^U>-l jjUi
Asceticism
iUi
Analogy
J~~"
Coordination
J~- J
Representation
JJU3
Co-ordination,
t£)'^' jjMll'j
Social assimilation
^ U^-l J»i«;
administrative
Sociodrama
jl^ll JJUI
Socialization
(U^Ia^'i 4*m>'J
Role playing
jjOllJ-ioJ
Organisation
j*!^'
Employee representation
(j-UUJl J~«J
Social organisation
^U^-l j^Jaa
Functional representation
rt.U* 1 -~7
Organisation,
tSjbl j^ks
Inspection
jAftAJ
administrative
Insurrection
ijOJ
Organisation, staff
tSjUowl «-kj
Rebellion
ij«j
Family planning
i^l (^ks
Lawlessness
OjiUll J* ij*;
Rationing
^O gjjJ j»-laj"
Anthropocentrism
01— i*i?l Jy gr*j
Line organisation
t^JLto »U» jj »J&j
Ethnocentrism
apU^JI Jp- jS^»i
Organisation, formal
ty*-y j»^"
Nursing
U^iJ* 1
Organisation, line
Lf-'b j*!^*
Gymnastics
iJJj Olj j*j
Organisation, line
^l!) j^kj
Flattery
jUj
Political organisation
^U-i j^kj
Objectivisation
*^j*j
Regimentation
f jUff plea
Sophistication
4JJ4J
Organisation, informal
tjfjj* j*!^'
Fetish
4**AJ
Community organisation
*»2>ill -_kj
Recognition
j***j
g^CJ
474
Guidance, educational
4y.y ^y
Entrepreneurship
wiU-j^-iil «J&
Referral of workersS^Jjdl utflljjll
yu JUxil >W
Business organisation
<u jbu ^j\i-jjijt ,y)n.'~<
Guidance vocational
^*i?ry
Birth control
JJlpJiS
Identification
J&y
Execution
JLaj
Class identification
J^^-y
Law enforcement
jyUll XJLi
Courtship
iiy
Abreaction
o~J*
Distribution
£.)/
Catharsis
JW Lr Ja
Poisson distribution
^y*y. gjy
Social circulation
^U»-l jaa
Frequency distribution
^j 1 ^' g)y
Revisionism
i~^ij
Binomial distribution j>j±*}\ ob ji ^JUi vjji
Development, social
^LpU^I <u*j
Distributions, statistical
ijUo>-l OUj jji
Social development
ipU^-l 4-w
Mediation
JO**y
Rural development
<Ubj <U»'J
Job Enlargement
^j gy
Community development
>U^>lil 4_w
Expansionism
i**iy
Standardization
h;«iT
Job description
Jfljlljjjl L > "y
Enlightenment
>->'
Location of industry
^U» Jey
Diversification
£>'
Labour, localisation of
JUail Jey
Hypnotism
^-JjU*« pjyj
Land settlement
j^y
Intimidation
■Ul$5
Resettlement
j^y
Equilibrium
Jjly
Sedentarisation
jxJl jby
Social equilibrium
^Uarl JjV
Appointment
uby
Social balance
^■Ua«-l jjly
Employment
uby
Economic equilibrium
^iLaJl jjl^-
Placement
tj^ey
General equilibrium
alp Jj\y
Enlightenment
lS-y
Balance of power
^yi\ jjy
Indoctrination
i~jbju> kSy
Continuation
>y
Economy
j*y
Social transmission
^U»-l J-fi\y
Conciliation
&y
Adjustment
&y
Expectation
gy
Social adjustment
^U^-i jiy
Life expectancy
oU»JI fiy
Reproduction
oi^
Employment forecasting
*lU*ii oUij;
Penitence
i,jj
Typology
L^jj^J
Topology, field
Jl»ill Ijry'yy
Taylorism
kjy*
Tension
Jy
Theosophy
"k&yfiyi
Tautology
\&-yyy
Theocracy
ijff\ Jyj
Orientation
*W"
475
Contraculture
fcLo* isUS
Revenge
J»
Covert culture
iaUw AJUi
Blood vengeance
>
Cross-culture
&jUU islii
Constancy
oli
Marginal culture
ijiala AJli'
Immobility
oU
Price
u*j
Reliability
oU
Bimodal
Jl^il ^tf
Affiliation
^■■i»'Jl Ow
Dualism
iSUS
Wealth
h)
Regional dualism
4>«Jil aJU
Commercial revolution
ijbu 5jjS
Ambivalence
jtlill jjju
Culture
&1&
Reward
oy
Professional culture
iSljW AJUi
Dress
^y
Mass culture
4j^»Uj>- Ailii
Revolution
5jy
Subculture
i~e\j- iiUi
Social revolution
ipU^-l ojjj
Popular culture
4~*J* iiLS
Managerial revolution
ijbl S_y5
Labour education
AJUp *sUB
Organisational revolution
4 : o jfr ' GjjJ
Culture, non material
iiU j%» isUi
Agricultural revolution
ipljj Sjji
Subculture
i*jj iiUS
Industrial revolution
iptu* Sjji
Nonliterate culture
c^& *^ iyi; "i AJUi
Culture, material
&iU islSS
c
Date, up to
JjJor
Espionage
<LmIJ^I^
Crimes, economic
ioLaJl (t^LrT
Colony
4-3U-
White-collar crimes
i^U- Jl^r
Fatalism
&>jj>-
Crime
f* -
Constitution
%-
Offense
?*
Competence
ij\j*r
Crime
**i>r
Statistical tables
iyUl7-l JjLU*
Felony
iwj^-
Ghost tables
aJL>u JjIj»-
Genocide
,j~>Jl mUI lojjr
Dialectic
Jo»-
Punishment
*\*
Tabulation
oULJl JjJar
Reward
**
Cumulative frequencies
*«*cdl jl^ill J>o»-
Sanction
**
Life table
oL»Jl Jjj*r
476
Group, informal
4*4*^ jf" ^^r
Social sanction
c,Ua«-| t \y.
Intermittent group
ij^.-.,,.!' ji- 4pU?-
Legal sanction
JjilS tlj»-
Horde
J -i k-' » J&- 4£L?-
Gestaltism
iJalk-ij-
We group
<&wiU^> 4pU?-
Geography, social
<UpUa«-l \&^j"r
Reference group
1lJO^jI> 4£U?-
Sociography
i-pUi^-l ^j"r
Formed group
iySsrf it\&?
Geography, economic
ioLai! LJI/vr
Allopatric group
iiyd it\&?
Anthropogeography
*dv~! ^*!/ ls f
In-group
jfd\ i*L*-
Human geography
*ij~! ^l/V*
Group, conflict
tl^jl &[+;.
Historical geography
iiujU Ijljfer
Group, marginal
iiaU &U?
Geography, cultural
ijlii lilycr
Genetic group
Zy}} it-lur
Geography, political
\»<iLj t3|/cr
Collectivism
i*U?-
Geography, ekistics
olCV Uii/Br
Agglomeration
cr
Zoogeography
oUI^Jl i^LAr
Aggregation
£*
Paleogeography
iwJiJI )y6tbS 4JI/UT
Plural
cr
Geography, urban
jail iiiyur
Recruitment
>\fi\ gr
Hearing
Ur
Collectivity
4j^.^fr
Meeting
*-!»-
Food collecting
jUiil Jsl&llj w-
Fornication
fir" ^
Credit cooperation
iJjUJI OUa'Vl Iju^t
Group
4»U?
Fraternity
~toy>-\ X*a>t
Gens
ijjl 4£U?-
Cosumers' cooperative
SJjU; ijT'A^i-il i*»»-
Group, compulsory
ijL*-l i*U*-
society
Social group
ijPU^-l 4>U?
Producers' cooperative
iJjUJI r^' ^**sr
Voluntary group
& jL>I 4»U?
society
Interest groups
nJUai.1 cjlw-ffl i*\*3r
Building cooperatives
•LylieJI jS"l— LI ttj 4«<wj«-
Minority group
Uil 4f-Ur
Cooperative
iJjU; <u*«?-
Group, primary
iJjl 4pL*-
Friendly society
aJUj i**^ -
Bureaucratic group
U^jju i*L^
Secret society
<U **( 4***?-
Natural group
Utili 4»U?
Friendly society
iJI-Utf ijl»^-
Group, secondary
i jjU 4£U?-
Journeymen's society
f tuaJl 4juj>-
Group, congregate
&wl»- 4^U^-
Learned society
^, ^p. 4^^^
Out-group
ijfjls 1 4pU?-
General assembly
<L^«£ *"»■*>"
Sub group
*J>b 4»L?-
Mutuality
iJiUio *JLa &JU4»-
Pressure group
i^Ai ob 4»U?
Mass
jilPjj^r
Group, formal
Ajft.itfj 4pU^"
Audience
jjOaUJ.1 j>^-v
Ethnic group
iJ*>U 4PU»-
Public
?JUlll ijjiia JJ$ A ?'
Group, sociological
kj?jpj**ij*t A£\a^
Republic
^JJ**^
Group, psychological
i^jlfi*** it\*9?
Social inertia
£\^>.| ij*^-
Natural group
Xf~e ieitsr
477
Schizophrenia
£r* <->>^
Inertia, cultural
i^lS ijAf-
Schizophrenia
iaalp itjj*
Delinquency, juvenile
il-b-VI ^L>
Governing body
&M l^r
Funeral
«jL>
Local government
^\ f»l\ jl^
Felony
iitsr
Climate
yr
Delict
**t>
Contiguity
M
Offense
i>c*r
Ghetto
j=~r
Nationality
4amm^
Neighbourhood
»j*
Heterosexuality
4amm^*
Salvation Army
(j^^W) J~?r
Homosexuality
^ t fol A . . ^.^
Cohort
J*
Insanity
iij^r
Generation
J*
Kleptomania
AlyJI iij*-
Geopolitics
l^^wJ^J^f
Megalomania
iUanil j^>
Mythomania
oi£)l jj>
c
Cultural determinism
ij,X£ i_^
Wants
Ob-b-
Geographic determinism
AJ\j0? <L»»-
Social needs
i*U2>-l obrU-
Self determinism
ijli A.0.-.1-
Economic needs
iiUasSl ob-l?-
Sociological determinism
A^jlij^tj^ <Uft*^-
Need
i«-l?-
Pilgrimage
er
Barrier
Jf»"
Quarantine
l/Wj«-
Social barrier
^■U»-l j?-l>-
Detention
**■
Event
Oit>-
Family size
j/l*-
Incentive
jib.
Minimum wage
JiSlI j^l 0^
Social stimilus
^■U»-l jjls>-
Optimum population
JuSli iMSLii o^
Emergency
iSjUs a]Is>-
Age, minimum
jaSlI jJI ^
Civil status
iJ.u aJU-
Debureaucratization
iJs^jjJI J< .t»-
Love
i_^-
Modernism
iilaj-
Philanthropy
J!**^' V
Young delinquent
<Jiy*±j> £jJ&-
Exhibitionism
jj^aJl •-*■
Intuition
^te-
Patriotism
jbjll t_^-
Boundaries
ijO»-
Detention
kT!*'
Nouveau riche
»I^J1 Cj.Ii>-
Custody
cT^
Elimination
iiSf
Imprisonment
crr»-
Mobility, social
^Uafl ijl^>-
Internment
CT"?"
Mobility, ecological
^ji&i iv
Determinism
*.»".■>■
War
^r-
Economic determinism
iiLxil 4-A^-
478
Civilization
sjLa»-
Civil war
iJOj <~>y
Civilization, pre-industrial
4PUo!l JJ U jjLaj-
Guard, national
^iSJ*
Nursing
<ULo?-
Calling
V
Degradation
i-pUar'Jll iiyi\ ja kr
Craft
V
Prohibition
>
Trade
Hjf
Motivation
>-
Outwork
lSjj> Hy
Ceremony
^>\j» jif
Handicraft
iijJu Hy
Fire ceremony
jUI p~*\y Jif
Pan movements
40?-j)l £i\Sy-
Right
3"
Movement
*>
Eminent domain
fU)l &aA\ j»
Social movement
j-pUiri i£j?-
Franchise
^te^jp*
Reformation, the
£%e\ iSjr
Copyright
j£i\j juiisii j>-
Mass movement
hjJt\*S? *&^
Divine right
c^'j-
Cyclical movement
hjji SS"jf
Birth right
®jA J"
Popular movement
lunii iS'y
Self determination
J^ JiJ> &■
Capillarity
Aj»uflJl igy
Social rights
<LPUa^l iijA?"
Labour movement
aJUp iS'y
Human rights
iJLjl j)jl&-
Feminism
ijJL-J iS'j?-
Wife's rights
*?rjjjj<&-
Deprivation
dlty
Natural rights
4-*Je iiji^
Excommunication
^j-^S" L)U^-
Civil rights
4j0j <jjjd»-
Outlawry
j^iUll iU^- J4 jUy»-
Woman's rights
51^1 4j4>-
Civil liberties
4-i.U Obj?-
Reality
&fe-
Freedom
*ij»-
Social reality
ls.\^f.\ ixip.
Liberty
*>"
Adjudication
f-
Free will
Sil/tfl ij*-
Disposition
f-
Laissez faire
iaUail <Uj7-
Judgment
h
Free love
JJ»m'T ij* -
Despotism
igi\xi-)\ £*■
Freedom of association
<U>Ui i^
Oligarchy
un\/j*
Greenbelt
j^f'jr
Sentence
tojiiu £&■
Party
^■r
Home rule
&?-
Mourning
*r
Kakistocracy
Irr" f*
National accounts
kju^ Cl;l— »-
Totalitarianism
J-U^
Aim
iU->-
Gerontocracy
^j-iJl /»■
Agglomeration or
JUS*-
Ethnocracy
8_>i-all i^-
aggregation
Praetorianism
jjj£«*!l X>-
Crowd
Ji»-
Monocracy
ajill^r
Blockade
jUa»-
Absolutism
jlk*^
Immunity
4iLo»-
Gynecocracy
»LJl/»-
Enumeration
s**-
479
6jT
Consumer protection
>!%-„, .Jl &L»-
Judiciousness
h&9-
Scapegoating
jji\ Ulfa^. J^.
Wisdom
h&9-
Campaign
&v
Government
&AJ&-
Zeal
<La^
Plutocracy
tL£Ml it£*-
Economic incentives
iiUail £\y
Theocracy
<UJi &]£*•
Incentives, production
^Urtl }\y
Autarchy
ijH\ iju£f
Social life
4«*LaM »Lp-
Autocracy
}j&\ ly£J-
Afterlife
i£j*\ 5L»-
Protocracy
l j~A*jd\ Aj>j£*-
Production life
4_UaJI i^ill «Uj-
Crown
iSX> iy>j>-
Neutrality
jU
Seminar
L*i\)i iib-
Impartiality
iU
Day dream
aaiJI U.
Appropriation
5jL>-
Incarnation
J>
Holding
5jU»-
Zeal
j-U*-
Defense mechanisms
i^lij J^-
Environmental protection
i_Jl &U»>
Mechanism, behavioural
^->
Girls protection
OUdil &L»-
c
Medical social work
kJe i*Ls»-l ifiJe*
Labour reserve
J*«ll 5j9 j* dyrjte-
Psychiatric social work
i— Ai kJe ks-\*&-\ iaJa*
Attribute
Lp\f-
Delinquency social
£l\j&-yS i*L»-l iaO>-
Historicism
i-jyjli i«*l>-
work
jjj^l
Spirit possession
£jjl £tfl^
Child social work or
iSjdali 4-pU^-I iaO*-
Xenodochium
01*
child welfare
Conscious experience
ijij*i ijsf-
Education welfare service j^ju i^Ua^l ij>j&-
Expert
x*
School social work
<L*tf)tU <L£l«2?-1 <u*b*
Food services
iJxJi oUo^
Social group work
if-U^Jl iaO^-
Agricultural extension
jktil J 4-c-jJl OU.1*
Case work
jyjjl 4409-
services
iftljjll
Social case work
JjpU&F-^fl iyiJI AaO>-
Personnel services
^ajxi-il i^sl>- oUo>-
Family case work
ij-i'Jll fyjil juj* 1
Domestic services
iJjla oUo>-
Conscription
i«ol)!l ijj£*-f- iaO>-
Service
AAJ&-
Civil service
4JX> <U»b>-
Social service
<L£Lw>-l iaU>-
Fable
4JI/-
Social work
<upUw>-I <u-l>-
Superstition
4JI/-
Family social work
<0 **tl <L£U£*-I 4^U9-
Statistical maps
4JUa?-l JsSI^
Rural social work
4*Aj <L£U2»-I A^kb-
Infringement
{.UiJl Jy-
Almoning
iJ» i*U£»-l 44^>-
C J ^
480
Betrothal
Sin
Redemption
Salvation
Confusion
Generation
Character
Defect
Mental disorder
Dysfunction
Immortality
Socius
Xenophobia
Phobia
Fiction
Imagination
Fantasy
Good, the
Adultery
lljef-
Exodus
£»
&J&-
Extralegality
0>U1I Jfr £J>
a"***
Biosocial characteristics
iPUaj-l bjf j£u\~a>-
a****
Fertility
hyOf-
■U*
Natality
hyOf-
<JJ>-
Specialties, cultural
k&\2> oU^u-
&
Antagonism
iaj-JV*
$*
Hostility
isj^j>-
#>$*
Submission
&&■
^)^
Heteronomy
jj& 9^09-
>J+
Assembly line
«-ju>tJI Jas»
4j*U>-l 2Jj-
Regression line
jl-birtl Ja*
»Lj»Jl i3j^
Error
W
^»«J^/
Standard error
^jLjw Ua^-
JL>
Halo effect
4II4JI W
JL>
Betrothal
ills'-
7«U>- JUs 1 -
Engagement
ills*-
>*
Tactics
olki "lkj»
*rfjj **^
Abduction
jtla>.
Kidnapping
^Isvi^l Jiia>-
Humanities
JjUil Olwlji
Working population
J»a1I 5jS (j 0_>U-b
Pilot study
i0Li,rw1 i^llji
Nursery, day
ULAf jb
Exploratory study
i*!>Uai«il i-ilji
Social Darwinism
iPUarl iJjjb
Typology
JjUj^I i^iji
Motive
tf*
Graphology
JsmJI i-lji
Drive
<£>-> £»'*
Demonology
J^UJI 4-l;i
Kulturkreis
JitiS 5_yb
Formulative study
~t-£-\-0 i-ilji
Life circle
*»*»*" 0_yb
Method study
J**!l J^i? i-il;i
Diplomacy
4~wL^Lj£
Work study
J»<dl i-lji
Earning
J«
Idiographic discipline
&Ajj i^ilji
Gain
>*
Metapsychics
JinJI tly Lo A-jIji
Income
>*
Typology
riUJl i*ilji
Revenue
J«
Descriptive study
AjUoj 4-jlji
Income, national
rf9*> a
481
Circulation of elite
ijA~ai\ ijji
Drama, ritual
S_it> WjJ
Vicious circle of poverty
ii-jH\ jiii\ «j_jj
Score
h>-ji
Circle, vicious
&jb# ijji
Gradient
jIjwsii *rji
State
tiji
Gradient
JJW*r.>»
Federal state
ajjUoI iiji
Etiology
JWl, ^L-Sll j-ji
Dependency
4wb iiji
Constitution
if**
Satellite state
4wt Zji
Social constitution
^Uai-I jji-.i
Welfare state
h/&)\ aJjJ
Propaganda
iU-j
State, legal
hiji\i iiji
Support
f"
City state
ijall ii}i
Case
t$j"
Internationalism
Uji
Judicial action
i.'Uai <^*a
Dominion
&J~*Aji
Social defence
^Uarl flM
Dialectic
dL&bj
Industrial momentum
^L* «*a
Blood wealth
hi
Elan vital
&>*■ A«Ji
Wergild
hi
Interment
'i>»
Dictatorship
bjjS\£ji
Accuracy
Hi
Demagogy
ij-jj-Uji
Significance, statistical
hil*r\ h"ii
Historical demography
bjuj\j Ljly>-j*ji
Argument
J*
Democracy
iM^ytli
Prosperity index
h*\ij\ JJi
Social democracy
hf\aifA hle\Jyui
Brain
£l»i
Economic democracy
h*L&i\ h)e\£y*}
Sociogenic motives
SUJl h*\+&\ «ijjj
Bourgeois democracy
hj^jji SJe\Jbj»j}
Imperatives of culture
*!UJ «jljj
Popular democracy
<L*i hle\£ytt}
Social role
i/U»-l jji
Democracy, industrial
ht-\~e> hh\jy»}
Role-ascribed
u^JL^JJ*
Religion
u*»
Role- prescribed
i»iii>"iKa jji
Social dynamics
i#Ua>-l OUbi
Turnover
Olyi
Cultural dynamics
isUiil oUb:
Labour turnover
JwJl Oljji
Group dynamics
Af-U^Jl oUb;
Business cycle
ipUflJl 4jji
Life cycle
oUJl ijjj
Looking glass self
Subjectivism
Individuality
Social entity
\4>\y <j ije\j oli Ego
hi\j\i Self
i3lj Social self
ixUi>-l iili Superage
oli
LU-oli
S/li
482
Psychosis
jUi
Memory
s/li
Organic psychosis
S)~&- Olfti
Instrumentalism
i~KJ^i
Paranoia
Jlia jUi
Social atom
ls-U^-\ iji
Mind
J»i
Intelligence
»lTi
Taste
tiji
Social intelligence
^Us>-I *lTi
Guilt
<-Ji
J
Reactionary
^->
Association
Siai\j
Retroactivity
JM V«rj
Consanguinity
•Oil &>l;
Man
>J
Commonwealth
t_Jj»iJl ikjlj
Organisation man
l*^ 1 J*-j
Bond, mutual
SS"JJj> ik»[>
Excursions
o-jUj
Radicalism
*J^b
Prosperity
•*j
Capital
JW^b
Reaction
J-iliaj
Fund
JU ^Ij
Dress
.bj
Infrastructure
^Ua«-I JU jj-il;
Apostasy
fcj
Capital, human
iS^ij JU j-j;
Inhibition
t*>
Lucrative capital
£!>> JU ^b
Vice
iLij
Capitalism
iJU-jl^
Subsistence
Ji>
Capitalism, popular
<Ua«i 4jU*iiIj
Chart
JW (*-"j
Capitalism, intellectual
&j£j iJUwIj
Scatter diagram
jImJ^u (4L* *.w^
Adult
hl«i[)
Pictorial chart
*>.>*" f>-y
Test
J»b
Logarithmic charts
<UaiijlpjJ 4JL» P^;
Opinion, group
apUjJI ^Ij
Graphs, linear
<Lis>- AJLi OUjxij
Public opinion
f ^ </b
Maturity
kLwj
God
H>
Adulthood
•lij
Usury
»o
Bribery
S^ij
Profit
£->
Gratification
UtfJ
Connectionism
SJaij
Relief
Utfj
Monotony
ii\jj
Social satisfaction
^Us-I Utfj
Rank
*Jj
Nursing
APUtfj
Grade
Vj
Jargon
ilk,
Intellectuals
j&)i Jlrj
Care
ilp,
Probabilism
AJUc^-j
Patronage
ilfrj
Retroaction
£>
483
tjAJ
Stagnation, economic
^iLajil i^j
Paternalism
i>y\ &Uy
Symbol
j*J
Handicapped, social
jJyiUJ A*Ua«-l ilt)
Social symbol
^Uw-I^j
welfare of the
Symbolism
hys
Child protection
Ol-0-^l i>j
Betting
OlAj
Youth welfare
oLill il*)
Monasticism
dJLft)
Maternity welfare
iajj^l &Uy
Hostage
i_Aj
Hospitalism
CjUJlIj &Uy
Residues
V-lt;
Pastoralism
g»
Survival
l3\ij y— 'Ijj
Social acquisitiveness
v^JUUsJi ^ 4.tUa«-l ijPj
Marginal survival
4mL»Ia i^^t\jj
Welfare
4j»lij
Affinity
SyiUflil hi\jj
Well being
4j»lij
Routinisation, ecological
*&jrjfc} "^r4ii
Social welfare
ipUsj-l 4j»lij
Ghost
v->
Child welfare
J&V\ Ultj
Group spirit
4pU>«JI rjj
Public welfare
&»1* 4J»ltj
Ethos
4PU«JI rjj
Rejection
<>J
Zeitgeist
^'cjj
Deproletarization
JUu«Jl ^_ji— a «i)
Medievalism
Ja-,11 j^aoll ^jj
Companion
JA
Team work
Ji^ 11 £JJ
Servitude
jj
Morale
*>*• £JJ
Slavery
jj
Kindergarten
JUtl i^sjj
Serfdom
u*> Jj
Romanticism
^iiim".JUjJ
Censorship
i\Sj
Headship
i-tij
Control
itfj
Sport
<U-U i^tlj
Control, administrative
ijljl ili;
Mathematics
i*Uj
Production control
^Uftl ill;
Executive
u-*J
Dance
cr 3 *;
Boss
u-*J
Aggregative index
l/!**"" (»l
Foreman
JUu«JI (j«tb
Index number
t/"^ (»Jb
Rent
£J
Incantation
«j
Slavery, white
cr*ri' JA
J
Alms or charity
Fellowship
Band
Faction
SIT} Agriculture
4JU3 Tillage
«j<j Peasant agriculture
SjAj Chief
4PI
'JJ
°yj
484
Exogamy
1/-J 1 *- £!>j
Gang
iyj
Endogamy
^ £>j
Social time
^Uar-i j»i
Heterogamy
*J&* j* £>j
Boyhood
M'o»j
Intermarriage
i/>^ £> J
Adultery
V3
Intermarriage
Jabjv> r [j j
Abstinence
A»j
Sororate
irjjli ol j* £J>j
Asceticism
aaj
Hypergamy
Jpl £>&!» j» g\)j
Continence
-Wj
Nuptiality
*#■)))
Marriage
EJ>j
Style
4i
Monogamy
5-i^-lj 5Ij<Ij rjjj
Fashion
4i
Bigamy
u! i !/ ,l < £.!>->
Social increment
4*L«J1 rUit Siljj
Deuterogamy
Jj*i!l «rjjll »l»j -by r Ijj
Social supervalent
4»Unil pbil foyr jA&j* **l{j
Polygamy
t5iJ*u ^Ijj
Group marriage
4*U**JI Hjj
cT»
Forced labour
0J?L«I
Antecedent
j>^
Sororate
bir 1
Medicine-man
^U
Sophism
2la~Ju
Sadism
AOU
Ascendancy or
ija*i
Hours of work
JaaJI OlpU
ascension
Overtime
iil^l J*«ll OlpU
Population
jl£-J
Cause
^T"* -
Aborigines
jj~*l jl^-J
Social causation
iLpU^H *„■;."*
Population, indigenous
jjXsl jl^-J
Cybernetics
l&lsljju-l
Rural population
Jbjll oI^-j
Stakhanovism
ijji\ft^>
Population, active
cijUlp jl^-J
Social exchange
olgUM JjU J?w
Population, tribal
OjJi Ol^-o
Cumulative record
£»»»* J*""
Drunkenness
/-
Prison
j*-
Social secretary
i^u^i ^jIj^Lj
Jail
j*-
Social statics
^Usj-l Oj£«i
Imprisonment
j*-
Race
*!%.
Lesbianism
jlx-j
Peace
{i%.
Diabolism
>*-"
Negativism
&JL>
Magic
>*-"
Passivity
^ ^..
Witchcraft
>*-"
Time series
(ULoj O^mJUi
Black magic
ij*t»l ^*fc*i
Historical series
<L»u jIj <CL*JL-i
Sorcery
jL^ ^fc*-
485
"Ujr"
Culture trait
Age
Age, hiring
Majority, age of
Rule-making
Malnutrition
Maladaptation
Disorganisation
Maladjustment
Social maladjustment
Misconduct
Plant, sociology of
Market
Labour market
Tourism
Sovereignty
Policy
Social policy
Open-door policy
Demagogy
Geopolitics
Fiscal policy
Gentleman
Somnambulism
Biography
Dominance
Hegemony
Androcracy
Surrealism
Psychopathy
Psychodrama
Child psychology
Ethnopsychology
Engineering psychology
Cinema
Fluidity
AJUS Lt^i
J"
<«■ ;& ■ ' tyri
jjlji %y*
J*«ll Jj»>
i^Ui>-l A„iU,ii
r-jiill uUl iwl-j
<L»jtr^ <U>L**i
jj S5}U!I ij»-jlj^j«i
Chain System
Genealogy
Lineage
Ancestry
Authority
Crown
Power
Social authority
Social power
Authority, administrative
Legislative authority
Advisory authority
Jurisdiction
Exclusive power
Capital goods
Commodity
Good, economic
Advance, cash
Agricultural ladder
Behaviour
Behaviour, social
Moral conduct
Human behaviour
Manner
Group behaviour
Collective behaviour
Mass behaviour
Rational behaviour
Abnormal behaviour
Behaviour, overt
Behaviour, covert
Rational behaviour
Conduct
Social behaviourism
Trait
Social trait
<u»*3 < UnX « t
l3*>Li^1 c~J 4J L. i
^U»-l iJ>U
iliiJji-
i*U»-l 4-^U
jJ£«i
JUi
486
•*
U*
Nation
^Wilt
Chamanism
4JUU1
People
t^JlW
Youth
<_>L£>
Diabolism
i'ijA^
Ghost
C^
Sorcery
h'iyui
Quasi group
AJiln'
Witchcraft
iijuii
Erotism
iijPiiA JA lit
Consciousness
jj*i
Satyriasis
Xs-\^j> i£jj
We feeling
J»Jl; jj»i
Industrial complex
apU^- <u2
In-group
l$3l-ij 4£LnJl jj*i
Cathexis
iJUiil ij>t_i
Consciousness,
j^*r jj*i
Person
4^-
collective
Person, moral
(^jL*l jjtfsci
Goodwill
JiS-V
j*fc» t^ij jj*-»
Personalism
ijLfl^tJi
Ceremony
Sjyii
Personality
AjiA^i"'
Faction
CiJlW
Abnormality
ijXi
Replacement
jJlnJI JtfU^I J*i
Abnormality
ijxi
u*
J» iJ^I
JijUj^I J*i
Eccentricity
3j*iw
Bidding
Siidl* jJUUII
Social abnormality
>Ui>-l ij.lw
Healing
tlii
Irregularity
<u3j*iw
Doubt
db
Evil
^
Scepticism
tili
Exposition
zr 1
Form
j£i
Police
ikyi
Modality
j£i
Legitimacy
d>ujl Xs>JU
Style
j£i
Legitimacy
is-jS>
Paradigm
^UjJ^
Honour
JijZ
Diagram
i/^J 1 J^ 1
Polytheism
^
Formality
i]£i
Company
i£j*
Proceduralism
i jiii aj^i
Firm
Kji
Grievance
tSj£i
Conditions, employment
J*«JI hj^i
Clique
iU
Stratum
4JLb iw^
Comprehension
Jj*i
Film
,JUi'.jHt JSJ jii
Chivalry
Aol^i
Moral code
aJI»- iiuji
Senility
4fl^*«**»
Canon
4^i.»'>S AMyJj
Age, old
fejptJZ
Slogan
jU-i
Communism
&fy*5>
Calendrical rites
^Ull *j>*JI jj'Ui
Communism, primitive
*u\*X> te'y**
Initiation
jj-j^Jl J\*jj
487
4*tj~0
C^
Relationship
iAJ&\ iLfi
Artisan
iijf ^_j-Us
Deafness
(*■*-*
Rentier
J>-i ^»»-U*
Industry
it-\-e
Artisan
*JL*
Industry, basic
<L«iLil A£t-ff
Artificer
jftU niLfi
Industry, extractive
i^l^ul ~n\~e
Boyhood
\~j>
Industry, primary
aJjI is-\s
Press
i&\a~fi
Industry, transforming
Vjyu i&\~0
Journalism
4iln*0
Industry, light
tijj- i£-\~J>
Authenticity
ix-a
Industry, secondary
hjib if-U_£
Health
i*l~0
Industry, heavy
iLS 4PU#
Validity
<o*-e
Industry, tertiary
OUO^- if- 1^9
Social hygiene
^U»l 4M~0
Industry, small
if*-a if-l~ff
Public health
<UIp ix-0
Intermittent industry
ij&*p jS> 4pL^
Mental health
iJjtf- i*-e
Tramp industry
i»kwJ ji. it\~e
Occupational health
i±$f i*-e
Industry, local
2J&u> if- 1^9
Friendship
H\j_e
Homework, industrial
ijj^i itU-»
Validity
J-Utf
Industry, domestic
aJ^s 4f.U-»
Alms
iiJ~e
Outwork
jj^s 4£U*0
Charity
SiJ^e
Seasonal industry
4i>fcx^d 4£t^
Dole
Hx*
Provident fund
JsL^-^l <jj£*e
Emanation
jjX*
Provident fund
jb'-il Jj-tUtf
Conflict
£r*
Saving fund
jbOl Jj-tUtf
Strife
&*
Fund
Jldil Jj.tU0
Social conflict
^U*r\Q*
Community chest
iijiiil Jij-Jl Jj-Utf
Role-conflict
JjM $*
Welfare fund
ipUar'ili itejli Jj-tutf
Class conflict
J&&*
i;«U»^ &lPjH JjJ^tf
Class-struggle
^£j*
Employee welfare fund
j-UW!
Mental conflict
$*&*
Benevolent fund
oIapUII Jj-tue
Elite
ijLfi
Pension fund
oUiUIl Jj-tutf
Intelligentsia
ASJ&A ijS^P
Zodiac
£JjJI j^
Fitness
l^%fi
Image
Sj^ff
Affinity
ILfi
Generic image
iULi ojj~tf
Rapport
iLfi
Mysticism
^h~"
Avunculate
aJjJjxJI iLfi
Formula
Basic personality culture
Configuration
Fasting
Hunting
Pharmacy
488
U*
M«ral defectiveness
jlsJI UUW9
Suburb
i?-L*
Feeble mindedness
JmII Juwj
Control
iaws
Social pressure
^U^-l JaA^j
Restraint, social
^Uaj-I Ja^
Heresy
^.i J">U>
Social control
^•Uaj-I ja-_tf
Social security
^•U»-l Olw»
Discipline
ii^Ul itws
Security, collective
^Ur tjlw»
Social discipline
^pUar'il iJjLJl V*
Income security
J^aJl Olw»
Omnipotence
JSJI Ja->
Conscience
JUm^
Damage
J>*
Superego
JUm^
Tax
*rf J r i '
Waste, economic
^iUail f u»
Emergency
ijjs*
Hospitality
4JUff
Depression
u*J>
Social class
Estate
Abstract social class
Concrete social class
Gentry
Leisure class
Class, lower
Class, working
Age-set or age-grade
Class, upper
Class, leisure
Class, middle
Class, privileged
White collar class
AjpU^fl ilk
iijP%j> <Lpl»3fl ilk
ifi\j ijPUaj-l ilk
ik^fn ik\j£*ij\ ilk
Jaw ilk
j**il iifc
Up &J?
ifcjia»w ilk
National character
Allegiance
Energy, social
Caste
Denomination
Sect
Cult
Psychosomatic medicine
Psychiatry
Medicine, legal
Psychiatry
Neuro-psychiatry
Character
Class
i£.\k
-«il (J.U y-t?
Afc i cJj yi>
4dJ?
489
Infancy
iijde
Doctor
Vr>
Rite
U~«t>
Human nature
i-il— il ixJe
Liturgy
&* U-&>
Original nature
iX#\ inJp
Seasonal ceremony
^y o"&
Nature, human
&>j£> ' i *~^
Ritualism
A J^U
Style
J!>
Burial
&jSL>- tyij^fi
Genotype
J%-ji>
Agricultural rites
U\» ^yb
Deportation
*>
Orgy
iJ-jjf- j*j&
Expulsion
. iJf
Death rituals
liA 1 crt^
Exorcism
ijtsitt ^jj/W ije
Birth rites
*yj.\ jtyb
Rural exodus
<j>.}>>
Divorce
J*fe
Method
iitje
Application
V*
Difference, method of
cJ^bt^l Si>
Demand
Jfc
Self-enumeration
JUJI J^J' **>
Talisman
(*-*
Point rating system
JaiJb *~£!l iiije
Holiness
Jj^fc
Case study method
ilUJl i-ilp S&_^
Sanctity
«j^
Factor comparison
JatjoJl AijUU iijl?
Topography
iji/^jk
method
Totem
(W»
Food
fUfe
Totemism
4-Jsjfc
Despotism
OUfe-
Tyranny
jUb
J?
Working conditions
Hinterland
Social Phenomena
J«*Jl cJSjji? Fact Sjftlls
j^e Phenomenon ij^ie
i*Ui>-l jftl^b Circulation (Economics) *;jjJl SjftUs
Labour conditions J**JI ii)je
t
Able-bodied
unemployed
World
Underworld
Microcosm
J*JI J* Jjtf Jfel*
Customs
Folk-ways
^
Habit
&i)\ J I*
Habit, collective
^yu* Jl*
Sentiment
jIjIp
jIjIp
Oil*
490
Natality
Ojl^ll iM.
Microcosm
JJ^>^
Social instability
^Uar^l j\j&JV\ »-u-
Factor
>Ip
Non-belligerency
>->j*i\ J ii\jLiW »j&
Labourer
>Ip
Non-conformity
JUw^l »op
Worker
>Ip
Non alignment
jL*u^l »OP
Operative
J,«AJ J*Ip
Social disintegration
^Ua^l J.I&1I ^
Labourer, marginal
igj*- J«lp
Discontinuity
J*p\yl\ »0P
Blue collar worker
tlljj li\> ji J«Ip
Disharmony
jijjdl ^op
Casual labour or worker
t^J* 1 *
Maladjustment
jii^IifOP
Agricultural worker
i/bij* 1 *
Illegitimacy
A^jJl »0P
Labourer, agricultural
t/bjj-^
Unemployability
J^itU 4^-*>LaJl »0P
Unskilled worker
j»U j(P JrflP
Non-violence
JijJl »0P
Semi-skilled worker
Sjlgil <k«i^a Jrflp
Incorrigibility
£%a^I iXtS *op
Veteran
ijSLjJt ioa«Ji jj JJU-
Inability
ijJJiJl »0P
Adoration
feU
Incapacity
ajJjaJl »op
Worship
mU-
Zero efficiency
^bfti J* sjaali *op
Hero worship
Jfajty sjLp
Inadaptability
cA^il Jp SjJill »0P
Ancestor worship
(J"jL.Sll 5jUp
Inefficiency
iliSsJi »-u-
Anthropolatry
jLj^I jiLt
Immobility
ijjkl »0P
Idolatry
OtijMI mLp
Social immobility
i-pU^-^l iij^l »op
Zoolatry
OliljjjJI SjLp
Social inequality
ijPU^-^l sl^LAl »op
Naturism
4*JaJl mLp
Unfitness for work
J*«!l Jp ijoall »op
Sociolatry
*»»«il mLp
Nihilism
•Uo-U-
Dead, cult of the
^1 sjLp
Social contagion
i-tU^rl ^_«Afr
Genius
hjLe.
Stateless
i_>Ji »j_ap
Bondage
hij^e-
Augury
ii\jf.
Serviture
hiyt.
Divination
ii\je-
Old fashioned
i^fr*
Fortune-telling
ii[f
Deficiency
J**
Sortilege
j*J ] k/J Ji> J* ^
Disability
J**
Scapulimancy
jiUmJI j;> jp iil^
Incapacity
J**
Accident
u^
Infirmity
J**
Supply
u^
Inability
J**
Symptom
cA*
Antagonism
tlOP
ji£i> ouyi ^
Justice
4llOP
Graphic representation
f>^!>
Social justice
4«pU2«-I aII^p
Exhibitionism
^J>f-
Equity
<Ulk» a) lop
Customs
Jj*
Animosity
SjIop
Bride
u*-^
Feud
it\M.
491
jI»}U
jyjl idie
\j&\idie
Agreement, iJ/ia J»p ofc
collective labour
v^jiws U- i! jwj JaP JjSP
Agreement, area «kll
Yellow day contract J*Ull hj*i xi* die
Oedipus complex
Superiority complex
Electra complex
Castration complex
Complex
Inferiority complex
Social mind
Group mind
Collective mind
Mind, prelogical
Prelogical mentality jkil Jp iiU SJie
Legal sanctions cj\ijie
Penalty hjas-
Punishment hjie
Death penalty •Iop'^I hjie
Creed f \fc
Doctrine ijj»
Dogma ijj»
Cult JLw so_ifr
Conversion u-^
Negativism i~£&
Cure -^p
Therapy r.yp
Social treatment ^/Usr-I r^*
Treatment in case work ^Usr-I r^
Ergotherapy J^L r^
Occupational therapy J-**! 1 ! r^*
Physiotherapy Jkjj r^*
Homeopathy <Uiw Jill j-^p
Psychotherapy ~& j.^
Parental relations i^l olW*
Social relations i*Ua>-l ols^p
Sociation S«pU»-I oUS^p
Elimination
Revocation
Social elimination
Segregation
Celibacy
Love
Narcissism
Random
Clan
Sub-group
Neurosis — Psychoneurosis
Gang
Band
Faction
League
Age (History)
Stone Age
Renaissance
Date, up to
Modernism
Disobedience
Rebellion
Civil disobedience
Membership
4*
J\yZZ
iLflP
~t~ae
l~ae
OUaP
OUaP
ijdj> jUflP
,j*>
Ait-
jie
jie
jie
di\ie
Multi group membership iiJjca oIpU*- hj*ae
Chastity
Amnesty
Clemency
Pardon
Mystery cults
Agreement
Contract
Social contract
Contract, administrative
Probationary contract
Labour contract
Agreement,
industry wide
die
die
^Uar-I die
t^jbl die
jLy'-'il C-»" die
J**!! die
J«U J** die
Oli^U
492
Microsociology
Macrosociology
Criminology
Ethics
Ethology
Praxeology
Futurology
Anthropogenesis
Phonetics
Economics
Econometrics
Genealogy
Theology
Eugenics
Pedagogics
Civics
Aesthetics
Hygiene
Kinetics
Demography
Politics
Gerontology
Characterology
Penology
Ekistics
Divination
Physiognomy
Anthropometry
Cosmology
Linguistics
Semantics
Psychology
Psychology, social
Clinical psychology
Metapsychology
Metapsychology
Psychotechnology
Psychology, educationa
i£yua)l ola»-j]l fUar-l \s-
6j$iS olo^l fUarl >
*li"il >
iyJJl ol^l >
jUWI>
^U^l>
OjOUl - yjJI J*
J-Jl j~«»«J it-
i>>yi\ it-
iJefl L>ji\ it
JU*Jl>
A^wall Jai»- it-
SSj*)\ J*
i*-j?%Jil\ it
£_Uall>
^jU«Jl it
v^ 1 >
oUUl>
J.bli ^i J*
4$ji\ tjjAS ^
Human relations
Interpersonal relations
Labour relations
Secondary relations
Avoidance relationships
Industrial relations
Public relations
Domestic relations
Joking relationships
Rapport
Relation, social
Impersonal relationship
Professional relationship
Label, trade union
Cause
Science
Archaeology
Sociology
Regional sociology
Clinical sociology
Biological sociology
Sociology, historical
Sociology, educational
Sociology, applied
Sociology of
organisation
Sociology, urban
Polemology
Zoosociology
Sociology of religion
Sociology, rural
Sociology, political
Sociology, industrial
Formal sociology
Sociology, medical
Sociology of art
Sociology of knowledge
Sociology, occupational
J** olW*
h>\t olW*
lii\t olW*
iit
i g_ r e*S\ fUsr-'ill J*
yyJI fUar-l J*
^ji^flJI fUar-^l J*
jill ?U»rl it
iiji\ fUar-l J*
^11 ^Uar-Sll ^
493
Hostility
,/•**,>*
Abnormal psychology
i\jiS\ jJb Jp
Occasional labour
i/-*j*J-*
Psychology, industrial
/Ui ^i J>
Dead work
(H 2 * J**
Child psychology
J&JI ^-fli >
Routine work
••»»■!> »j& > J**
Parapsychology
^1^1^
Labour, predatory
ZjjZ-* jnh 2^ j£ J**
Psychophysics
t/ij^ 1 lT^ 1 $*
Night work
£J*>
Judicial psychology
^Ufll Lf Jci\ J*
Action, direct
Jz'Lt J*p
Psychopathology
^jll ^l J>
Repetitive work
jj£i» J**
Functional psychology
i/M^ 1 tr^ 1 ^
Collaboration
i3jii» J**
Parapsychology
^A^\ (^jfcll J*
Group, work
oU-U^Jl « J«p
Genetics
ai^i >
Social processes
i*U»-l oLLp
Laicism
iJUif
Process
SJUp
Sciences, social
ipl»»>-l »jJp
Personalizing
iu^Jb Ja*!I n—p iLLp
Behavioural sciences
iii^U »jit
process
4-AitiJt
elite
•yjl iip
Blindness
^
Phratry
5jUp
Client
J->*
Seamen
^*Jl JUp
Providence
4^j| ijUp
Migrant labour
J^l/JI JUp
Sanitation
iaUJl ijwsJl iiLP
Share-croppers
J^a»il J jjZjJ^ JUp
Residential care
i3\j>y\ OL»*ljU JjMi &Lp
Agency shop
jjn .<i;ll «UJ.t JUp
Racism
i^^P
ilil) J,_.a.AU _£pj
Oppression
<Ji*
Organised labour
j_jjUi JUp
Violence
ui*
Employment
4! Up
Prostitution
J«*
Employment, full
iLlT iiUp
Stabilisers, economic
tSiUad^l jl^-tfl J,y
Age (Biology)
^
Chance factors
&.LflJI J«ljP
Mental age
$* j»e.
Factors, group
ijJSU? J«IjP
Settlement
0(^p
Recidivism
Jjp
Urban settlement
c£/"*>- Ol^kP
Destitution
jj*
Action
J^
Indigence
jj*
Labour
^
Assistance
OjP
Job
^
Clinic
4iU
Forced labour
<£>l*-l J*p
Holiday
XP
Labour, compulsory
t^jUrl J*p
Feast
(/i a «*S*
Social action
^U^-IJ^p
Matched samples
*3l£i» C'U
Shift work
h jUlb J*P
Judgment sample
AjaS^u i-t
Collective action
i/***- J**
Sample, stratified
Ui> i-t
Action, political
^Lw J»P
Sample, random
<L$l^Mp <U*P
Overwork
JUJ^P
Cluster sampling
<U«9ba iUP
Diabolism
<^lkyi J»P
494
Sample, systematic
Speech defect
ioiir.c i_p Area sample
»y&\ <^ys- Purposive sample
iij ,na.i i_p
Destruction instinct
jjoJI ijiji-
Teleology
4Jl£
Life instinct
oUJl Sjj^t
Social teleology (te
ilesi
s)
i^U^-l 4JI£
Death instinct
jj-dl jl Ojll ijj^fr
Ziegornic effect
J-JI
»Uil j* iiili 4la.fr
Invasion
J>
Gypsy or gipsy
M
Error
J&l*
Diet
eli*
Lock-out
5UJLI jl*
Lunch
*li*
Gnosticism
4^*
Eccentricity
jl^Sl il/.
Seduction
4jljf.
Purposivism
4-^t
Mob
tlf-jf-
Social object
j.\^r\ ^jf.
Absenteeism
wjU-
Chamber of commerce
hj&u iij-
Incurability
eUilJ Jjli jsf-
Alien
Vi>
Altruism
ijjP
Stranger
Instinct
Obscenity
j^i
Fascism
Quality control
rto"!ll iijr u a*&
Time lag
Means test
AA.yiU i^jiwi ^j&xl
Effectiveness
Personnel audit
i\jH\ Ojii iil^j (jA'J
Dependency
Blood wealth
i-u
Destitution
Ransom
i03
Indigence
Wergild
i-u
Pauperism
Able bodied person
J**)l Jp jilj *>
Waste, economic
Singularism
ijlijj
Surplus
Individualism
Sjij
Scrying
Knights of labour
J»*Jl JU3
Sedition
Life chances
5L»JI ^^
Debauchery
Assumption
,»
Immorality
Hypothesis
,y>
Libertinism
si\i
i £ila£\ oils
Jidl jus
495
oOpli
Destitution
J*
Proposition
yj
Poverty
>
Postulate, basic
^U jfi}
Humour
4Al&
Heuristic assumption
JtiisJl Jp OpLvj jjsj
Thought
^
Phratry
iLaJl gji
Social thought
^UarijSj
Chivalry
*r-J>
Peasant
C*
Individual differences
ii/Jl Jj^S
Tillage
4»-^S
Phrenology
L>-j!jJj9
Philosophy
44-Ji
Corruption
iLi
Social, philosophy
i#Us>-l i^Ji
Deterioration
aLi
History, philosophy of
iu_jli\ ii-i3
Social deterioration
^UsH iLi
Epistemology
^UJi ii_ij
Demoralisation
^iUI a Li
Pornography
^V 1 ^j J
Disengagement
4J39JI «uJ
Husbandry
toyi ji
Debauchery
J~*
Chiromancy
J^Jl itlyi ^s
Immorality
J>-i
Hotel
Jjj
Physiology of labour
A»*Jl Xy*£yy~&
Fine arts
iL«r jji
Schizophrenia
»Lai
Comprehension
(H»
Separation of powers
OlkUl w Lai
Understanding
(H*
Discharge
JwJI j* JwaS
Cohort
c>
Dismissal
cH'^J-ai
Disorder
^J*
Morality
iUai
Milling
tf*>
Virtue
XLai
Anarchism
i^jjj
Common sense
Afcl.i tjlsi
Superorganic
t^j-AJi (3j*
Benevolence
v~J'J«i
Folklore
j^jill
Reflex act
jj-SU^ J*j
Category
iJyu t 4a
Conditioned reflex
^^ ^^SUiaJoJ
Social category
ipUa|-l &
Conditioned response
££ ij&ii* J*
Age-set or age-grade
i*Uar'Sll^l &s
Disorientation
»\ap?i\ Mi
Fetish
u^
Imperception
iilp^l J&
Federalism
iJljoJ
Amnesia
SjfUJl Jlaii
Emanation
c^M
Depersonalization
iuakiJl jlais
Indigence
j*
Majority rule
Base culture
kj^y »>^ Minor
iiUS aopli Formula
ilili
496
Workability
J-aJlJpsyi
Caravan
liiti
Omnipotence
V" J*" J* b*
Enactment
0>li
Fatalism
i>jji
Law
0>l»
Palmistry
J&\ it\j
Statute
L>>lS
Kinship
il\J
Agreement, method of
Jtfrtll 0>ls
Bilateral kinship
J>Jl9- oli h}j
Moral code
tj}W L>>t*
Agnation
i~e\i. h)j
Constitution
^Irfl djj\i
Blood relationship
^..jui\ i>\j
Large numbers, law of
ijSi\ }\j**i\ l>>Is
Decision
&
Parsimony, law of
j&li 4 audrai oyis
Award
ft&tjj
Proximity, law of
^j&i jji\i
Decision, administrative
tf jlst jljl
Diminishing returns
iLiSl ^aitJ 0>U
Resolution apUjJI jP jiU> j\J
Criminal law
jji> oyij
Blood sacrifice
JUjt
Iron law of oligarchy
iS3l*J/>U ^.ui^ 0>15
Offering
ju ji
International law
i^jj oyis
Sacrifice
OlijJ
Natural law
jjiJs 0>lS
Loans
c^iJ*
Common law
<pl* jji\i
Village
ijj
Law, scientific
■ jU* 0>l*
Division
*-"4
Canon
^T 0>li
Punishment
^Las
Tautology
jM\jji\i
Talion »^nJl
iJ jL> »j»ll ^Lflj
Civil law
,Jx» 0>>li
*iijl ^JUl
Ordinance
^JL>>I*
Defect
j^
Inventory
i_AJvill CiMue <UjIS
Deficiency
j^al
Acceptance
Jfci
Undermanagement
sjb'ill jj^aJ
Admission
J^i
Industrial inertia
^U* j>ai
Masochism
w-ii*Ji J^i
Propositions
bUi
Tribe
iLi
Social issues
i*U»-l IjUss
Homicide
J*
Propositions, simple
fla.....; LiUaS
Infanticide
JUfc»*ift Ji
Propositions, categorical
4-Uj- bLflJ
Famine
hfd
Propositions, conditional
iJs^j; \AJ&
Holiness
i*i\Ji
Propositions, composite
ISy liLai
Sanctity
ijljj
Sentence
(jku) 4~^j
Fate
J-**
Social stratum
si, ^iU
Predestination
joi
Sector, public
^ip^iy
Ability
4jOJ
Sectors, economic
iit«jl OU-lki
Capacity
5j0j
Country
jW
Efficiency
SjOJ
Herd, human
t^^i *Ji3
Social ability
ijf U^-i 5jji
Crippling
aUJ
Employability
J— Jt <> M
497
*i~r
Labour force
iU\z ij
Handicapping
j Us
Force majeure
ij&\i Sji
Central business core
AJ-dl yjj
Nation
f>
Under-production
^isrti ^ a«
Nationalism
i~>J
Anxiety
J»
Nationalism, economic
il*l&»\ luyjl
Fermentation
Jll
Leadership
feli
Unrest
j»
Command
Charismatic leadership
Social unrest
Suppression
Measurement
u-y
Social repression
^Ua>-l *»i
Syllogism
( jk«) ^li
Coercion
j«*
Attitude scale
oUlwi'SlI ^li
Social contraint
jf
Sociometry
^Uarl^li
Social imperatives
^l&r\ jtf
Syllogism,
^JLiujI j* 1 ^
Morality
i*Ua>-l opI^j
mixed hypothetical
Code of ethics
J%^l jjl^
Syllogism, hypothetical
J\ji\ ^\j
Morality
^11 f^LII J*^
Dilemma
i>J\ (j-ili
Factory laws
irf-UaJl h^ai\ jj\ji
Ergometrics
J^l^lj
Poor laws
t\jU&\ j«iljl
Merit rating
3>u£)1 ^L5
Livelihood
Cyj
Polysyllogism
c-Sj* j^Ll
Force
*>
Social values
S_c-Ua?-I »J
Social force
i^U^l jjj
Value
i«i
Manpower
<bjȣj SjS
Value, economic
ioLail i»J
Group momentum
4»UmJI Jy
Purchasing power
<tjj^> 5jl
d
Social repression
^Usrl^T
Cartel
Writing
iur
Calamity
Ideography
jj»jl ilsT
Disaster
League
5JbT
Distress
Population density
oi^jiiiur
Charisma
Dignity, human
4JUJI &a\jZ
Social being
Misoneism
JjO«J! <L»I^"
Human being
Xenophobia
fc-J^I «jT
Organism
Chronology
\r)yi£
Repression
Dress
ilS
Suppression
3jlf
ilS
498
Clergy
o^r
Depression
iur
Priesthood
o>$r
Earning
v-i"
Cosmology
U^-jJ^M^S
Gain
v-i"
Couvade
ilijT
Boy scouts
4JUT
Commonwealth
t^J^Jp
Discovery
lj££
Commune
0*yT
Struggle
^ur
Communalism
Ajj^jS"
Efficiency
&UT
Komintern
OjujajS"
Proficiency
^ - d* ajUS'
Macrocosm
jsS" ^
Hamlet
A
Macrocosm
j^l&J t)jT
Classicism
i£~Ji£
Quaker
Af
Cynicism
ys"
Social organism
^Uarl OUT
Universals
our
Socioculture
^UaH <^tfS OUT
Totalitarianism
ijur
Kibbutz
9y£
Perfectionism
sjut
Kinetics
(SLiuT
Latency
o>«r
Entity, social
ipl*S>-l Ay-S"
Auguration — Divination
il^f
J
Shop rules
5U-1U j**]i ya> Wi
Agnosticism
i jil "i
Ambiguity
*4
Heterogeneity
fcr-iUso-a
Commission
A>«J
Indifference
j^
Committee
4*J
Disequilibrium
Ojlji -si
Caucus
ijjj- i>J
Refugee
\^
Works council
Jjiia J»P &»«J
Corollary
A.j'i
Play
^
Illegitimacy
*>V" i *^
Game
iiu wjJ
Unconscious mind
_,j*i M
Language
4ft)
Irrationalism
ii^Se. *i
Dialect
aJUu 4ft)
Indifference
5^U*i
Dialect
*>«$)
Decentralisation
kfs^
Distraction
-*J
Inequality
a()l~o M
County
*y
Anomie or anomy
i jbw M
By-laws
ciy
Normlessness
i jbw *tf
Regulations,
i jbl jtflj)
Agamy
^j" <i *iJ^ ^
administrative
Aimless
<j-U M
Sodomy
J»y
Theology
O^
499
*s*Z£-
Levirate
Penitentiary
Leninism
IjyjJ Chart
JUJ Fitness
Body fitness
Libido
r
Endowment
Follow up
Underdeveloped
Apprentice
Variables
Geometric progression
Durability of labour
Averages, statistical
Idealism
Boarding house
Stimulus
Social stimulus
Social field
Social space
Time, social
Famine
Starvation
Society
Patriarcal society
Static society
Primitive society
Sacred society
Mass society
Secular society
Rural society
Static society
Folk
Industrial society
Society, class
ijj>
Folk-ways
<L*a«i CjIjjjU
Aw lie
Historical materialism
<L»U jU ioU
iJtLn.'.a
Dialectical materialism
SJj^r *i*\*
Z/**
Marxism
A~*£j\fi
OljJoe
Dilemma
j>
<Ui«h l'J> aJI^a
Masochism
4«S"JjU
Ajii aJUmII sLmJI h^fi>
Supernaturalism
(e-a-U) 4*_k)l jjj U
<ULfl»-l Olk-i)ia
Superindividual
iyill jjj U
4-lli.
Surrealism
M\ jji U
6p>
Prehistory
jijUll Jj U
Jfr*
Preconscious
jj«ilt Jj U
^U>l ji*
Neo-Malthusianism
AijJ&- 4—JjJU
^Ub>-I Jl^w
Finance, public
i»lp iJU
^Ua»-I JUw
Mana
liU
i^*J JW"
Essence
4-aU
apI?w
Moron
jjJU
4»Uu
Hostel
tfjU
*a2>W
Hospice
tbyJl tSj^
tgj>\ AaS»w
Initiative
5ljU
jTUijI t ^jU«il **»w
Duel
5jjU
IjllAj **&u>
Benediction
iSjU
tSJjLsJ /u£>w
Games, business or
ijbl Ob jLj
tS_£»Us^ K»i^u>
management
<J?yjS M>u>
Foreman
jJtiLa
t/ij £>=*«
Axiology
<UJi!l c*9b^
i ^5 Un Aa2>W
Principle
ixj.
(j-Jl^tM jyi«0 £»&u>
Exception principle
*ut-*ii ijL*
l^-^-fi *»&v>
Anthropologism
l^Uil l-L»
jJUs *>&y>
Pleasure principle
siiii ij_o
**^r
Extinction
Deculturation
Surrounding
Social risks
Contravention
Infringement
III icitness
Lawlessness
Irregularity
Hybrid
Drugs, narcotic
Narcotics
Master and servant
Schema
Cultural residues
Range
Life span
Longevity
Flattery
Homeopathy
Deliberation
Histogram
Nursery schools
School of thought
Concept
Meaning
Civilisation
Code
Executive
Directorate
City
City, residential
Metropolis
City, commercial
Garden city
City, primate
Company town
City, industrial
J"
JUS ytA
AdJUta
m\j£}\ AdJUta
jjjUjI AdlUta
J6-\jSb\ AdJUta
j**)l t£-U
^*m)I i^Jj
&aI.U
»U)U *Ull «I,1ju
aJjI-u
Jji-U
AJ»U
ialfr i_)J-ts
ij£w XUil ij-bs
»1 ij.U
AJ jl?u AJkU
jSIomJI aj-u
^ imI; Aj»U
AS^jJI IjJus
Community, uni-group
Peasant society
Stateless society
Society, classless
Plural society
Community
Gemeinschaft
Community, multi-group
Sacred society
Council
Board of directors
Senate
Family council
Village council
Chamber of deputies
Group
Battery of tests
Group, experimental
Control, group
Discussion group
Favoritism
Nepotism
Veteran
Quarries
Governorate
Self-preservation
Imitation
Mimetism
Necessitous
Taboos
Criterion
Court
Tribunal
Settlement
Localism
Protectorate
Ordeal
Annihilation
500
j^\ji\ SJ&C* A»2>b*
J^W MM
A£^«J»M
aUjw
501
i_jbJL*
Dynamism
Solipsism
Atomism
Spiritualism
Transcendentalism
Hedonism
Eudaemonism
Pacifism
Negativism
Behaviourism
Pansophism
Formalism
Naturalism
Epiphenomenalism
Phenomenalism
Nudism
Rationalism
Activism
Finalism
Objectivism
Hormic school
Effectivism
Liberalism
Physiocracy
Immaterialism
Pluralism
Scholasticism
Nominalism
Materialism
Supernaturalism
Conservatism
Etatism
Egalitarianism
Conceptualism
Occasionalism
Utilitarianism
Mechanism
Perfectionism
i--?Jl SiU«!l *_j»jj
4-luJI OiUjI eJ&.U
»%JI l_.ft.L0
,— «L» k_«ft.U
££■*> y-S-U
,juj? <_«ft.U
&_»ils!l oybUall tJ&.U
lfyj^.\ &U!l y_»jj
^^^ <^«ftJU
t£ijj k_«ft.U
ialOUl ^aIo
^"^ jl Jb)*^ e-ftJbi
Jii! <_j5.io
l£*U l_JbJla
4* . .Jal I J_»j U y_»jrf
aJjOJI h£y yjbjj
oljUll y_»Jj
ii«J>l v_j&.u
Megalopolis
Utopia
Indebtedness
Economic doctrines
Doctrine
Denomination
System
Indeterminism
Absolutism
Essentialism
Reformism
Deontology
Humanism
Abolitionism
Historical school
Mercantilism
Neo-mercantilism
Empiricism
Meliorism
Gradualism
Associationism
Puritanism
Evolutionism
Emergent-evolution
Singularism
Parallelism
Eclecticism
Environmentalism
Automatism
Sensualism
Spiritism
Communalism
Theosophy
Pantheism
Protectionism
Vitalism
Animism
Secularism
AL>la kjJu>
l ^}\ f^i ^jb-u
tUJ^l jUail <_j&.lo
^—Jj^J t^Jb-U
^l^iiil jjkJI k_JbJb>
A^ieil k_Jbjb>
ijloJI iSyxJ' k_-»Jb>
rjjj'ill 5y«fl»- k_-»JLa
J«ll iojl k_J»-U
JjL*- i_JbJla
ojl^Jl i_Uj- *_J»Jj
^-»~U
502
Settlement
Center, culture
Belligerency
Centralisation
Anthropocentrism
Egocentrism
Status, formal
Status, informal
Elasticity
Temperament
Plantations
Yeoman
Practice
Restrictive practices
Double descent
Double descent
Farm
Collective farm
Kolkhoz
State farm (Sofkhoz)
Farmstead
Assistance, public
social
Audiovisual aids
Aid
Assistance
Help
Relief
Sustenance
Social assistance
Assistance, technical
Legal aid
Old-age assistance
Outdoor relief
Good offices
Distance, social
Distance, ecological
Equality
^Uw-I jS>
Criticism
l£-Ui y_JiJU
(iiUi iikj) JUS gy>
Realism
Jll\j l_JiJU
jJ»UlljS>
Social realism
^■U>Vl rfjjll k-JiJU
k/y
Panatheism
^j^-jjt &J&-J ^J^ia
OLjV ijS>»
Public utilities
iaU- jjlyi
OliJl h£j>
Commensalism
iasly>
i/>-y j*>
Probation
4*Ua>-l li\j>
yp*> Jf /s
Picketing
^\jj>*i\ xij iii^o
iijy,
Salary
yj,a
&
Wage
l_J^i
fj?
Grade
ij,a
dUU^Ij*
Social rank
ijtU^-l ij^s
hy
Developmental stages
>*J' J»"!/>
ax&\ JSLjJl djj(y>
Homemaker services
O^l Jjkl-jTIy.
J- 9 ^ £J^
Housekeepers,
OfcJl Obj j^!/>
W...JI FjiJA
centres of
i*Jj»
Infant welfare centres
JjUlilp,/^
<UfU?- 4£jj<
Adult
J»'j»
<U£U?- AfcjjA
Adolescence
ili|^
<La^?- 4£j)j*
Puberty
iiil^
l^JLd^ &jj*
Intellectual adolescence
&j£j iia,\jA
i»l* i*U>l oIopUj
Betting
k&\ji>
Collecting food stages
tlJUll )WJ>- Ab^a
i^-Aj uw oIopLj
Climax stage
Sjjiil iUy
flOf-Lwi
Childhood
iJ^iikJl iky
iopLwi
Babyhood
JjSfl Jl^Ul &>>.
aopLwi
Manufacture
i jOJl »Wail iU-j*
sopUj
Decree
f>V
5opUwj
Disease
tA*
i*U>-l iopLwi
Bureaupathology
^lA?^ 1 j*/"
<Li sjpUmi
Melancholia
<£>bj«i J>j>
iSLai flOpL-j
Nervous disorder
^r» o*J>
/f^'niijil o^pUma
Psychosis
<j* J>s
iJj^> 8-tf-LwJ
Occupational disease
t/ftA*
S«L»»- f L»a
Neurosis
if& J>y
i^Uy-l 4iLwi
Culture complex
ijlS e-S>
!urjifi<j\ 4JUw>
Position
JS>
O^UmA
Status, social
j^U^-l jS^>
503
j*
Hi.
Enterprise
Business enterprise
Workshop
Social problems
Problem
Sources of information
Historical sources
Field sources
Confiscation
Overhead charges
Overhead charges
Class interests
Administrations of
public authority
Sanatorium
Matrix
Department
Interest
Interest, general
Factory
Artifact
Fate
Anti-labour
Anti-social
Speculation
Bestiality
Multiplier
Frequency polygon
Accordance
Conformity
Identification
Requirements, job
Restaurant
Petition
Absolute culture
Manifestations
Illness,
social aspects of
ij
oliUt jiUaj
islp *JLa»
A~Aa
JUxii iLi.
jl^JI 4*J-Uil
(JiPLaj
l£j\fij *Li«
Collective bargaining
Social issues
Tenant-farmer
Hors-cadre staff
Hospital
Colony
Futurism
Dispensary
Norm, social
Social standard
Achievement, level of
Income, level
Aspiration, level of
Standard of living
Fair labour standards
Survey, social
Social survey
Theater
Domicile
Dwelling
Homestead
Accountability
Liability
Responsibility
Social responsibility
Conduct
Career
Postulate
Quarrel
Participation
Partnership
Profit sharing
Sympathy
Faction
Generalist
Self-employed
Boss
Probation officer
**" ^ -J"
4_Li-
J*-
^11 ij«Ji duu.
LJiajt
504
Concept
>S** J**
Grievance
j\,b\\a*
Necessitous
jjiu
Manifestation
j^
Dysfunction
^ikji3j**
Urban landscape
>Ull oail j^oa
Criterion
jLjw
Opposition
i~0}\x>
Standard
jLjw
Subsistence
JZ\»A
Frame of reference
^U»-l jbw
Widows' pensions
j»i/fl ouiiu
Norm, social
^Ua^l jUiu
Cohabitation
4^M) 5j-il*9
Existence.
4— jw
Coefficient
J*u»
livelihood
4mmA«
Rank correlation
^)\ >Lijl J»l«
Breadwinner
J:"*
Contingency,
jjl^JI J»llU
Courtship
iijU-i
coefficient of
Sophistication
&!W*
Reciprocity
Jill iUU-i
Fallacy
&! U*
Unfair labour practice
JU*)Li iifaxA iUl*o
Negotiation
i~fij\A*
Treaty
SAaIm
Bargaining, collective
<ufcU*- i^jlio
Commensalism
<UjUa
Connotation
^
Probability sampling
O^Ua^l, o>
Concept
f^pv*
Purposive sampling
4._.^.a^ <CjI<u
Retaliation
aIUj i^i^l iUUj
Social norms
<upI*2*I jobu
Interview, diagnostic
Lr-y&j <j_, A/tinj iUU-i
Sanctuary
X*A
& treatment
Idol
ifJW
Personal interview
<U3>u &UU
Folklore
4—*«i oUa:«a
Interview, research
d^>Ji ,y!/S axu«
Dogma
iI5t«»
Prosecution
SLslio
Accession rate
JU*!l JUsil Jojw
Boycotting
idjlii
Morbidity rate
j^LI Jaw
County
AftkUU
Death rate
oUijJl Ja*»
District
AokUj
Mortality rate
oLijii Juiw
Territory
AaIjULj
Birth rate
oJljli Jo*>
Prestige
»U*
Cognition
iijUA
Opposition
<U«liis
Knowledge
iij*>
Resistance
<U}lda
Camp
j£.»jm
Barter
A fl'^jt*
Camps,
iJjUjI J»*JI Ol^L*»
Scales, attitude
UZd\ ol»l»u^l ^-wli>
international work
Economies
JlJtfii
Horde
>w
Score
jlOJLi
Sin
<L,£ju
Competence
OjJio
Dilemma
^JLrfflfl*
Boss
»-Uo
Ascription-Achievement
•A^CUj ,Ja**
Foreman
»0£a
Information
oUjW
Coffee house
u***
Meaning
^
505
4JsJa^«
Corrrmercial amusements
Ajjl»«J S^ta
Category
AS I iljjia
Practice
(U^UiA
Family guidance bureaus S^./Sll 4~rj3 yJ^
Spirit possession
(/>-«
Volunteer bureaus
JfJ&U t_jl£a
Unilineal
-»Hj<3> j»
Allowance
eli&
Climate
c u
Bonus
sii&
Industrial conflicts
apUoJI oU-jLo
Indemnity
gii&
Patronage
Sy^Lo
Remuneration
eii&
Competition
<L<iLo
Reward
iii&
Economic competition
AOLail A«JLo
Fringe benefits
O^iLa jS- oIJIm
Discussions, group
4-pUj- AiiLo
Fight
ixilSo
Methodology
OmJI p*Lo
Situation
oi£.
Manipulation
SjjU
Abnormal place
t£,slp ^ JlSo
Lobbying
Ajiljfra.t OjjLa
Prestige
Ail£a
Outcastes
jji_^-J
Choice-status
&j\&tA £Im
Achievement
J9&U
Employment offices
JjtiJl ji JlJjjJI yjlSo
Quantity bonus
rliiV <L»S" 7b4
A posteriori
(^•Oy) i....»7X«
Bonus
49b4
Asylum
'Uiio
Grant
i*CJi
Sanctuary
Uio
Fellowship
<L*aU- 49b4
Sect
iU
Frequency curve
4j\£; J*CJ>
Playground
c..«U
Ogive
g*** s&L^ 3 cr**^
Faculty
A&U
Lorenz curve
>J^ u^ 4
Crown
iSa,
Multi modal curve
**i)l JJjiio ^^^vj
Property
isa.
Approach
^
Ownership
i&.
Hostel
t£jU - Jjj>
Collective property
A«PUj«- Aj&a
Home
JjJ>
Absentee ownership
A-lU- Aj&a
Ascription-Achievement
UmuY.fl} Im^mU
Landlordism, absentee
ijU- Aj&a
Establishment
liib>fl
Property, corporate
SSjJla aSI*
Undertaking
Olnb>fl
Common property
iSjJUi 4->JU
Closed shop
AdUo SLtia
Divine kingship
Ag]J* i&la
Logic
jkj
Boredom
>
Logistic
^.j J^
Kingdom
Asa**
Area
4rtbn"
Accommodation
iat">U
District
4flb,>
Orphan asylum
ffc/tfl .^-^u
Division
4flb,>
Foreman
Ja*-"^
Zone
4flb,>
Observation
Ali>-!>ls
Interstitial area
Jl&jl <Uk*a
Participant observation
iSjiiiXi &*-'%>
Characterization, area of
tj\& j£j iok^
Melancholia
\Jj*i%>
AA&U*
506
Citizenship
kb\y
Cultural area
<L£UiJ ^W* a
Civism
AsJU? kb\y>
Hinterland
JLdl?* *ifiW' a
Cosmopolitanism
4il» kb\y
Hamlet
ij*-fi i-^w> iujh.»
Accordance
U6\y
City settlement area
ball OIjaP «lai»
Assent
ti&\y,
Metropolitan area
2j\zAj>jjj> Mh'.»
After care
ibJl M\y
Marginal area
i-ialft «kj>
Death, civil
jiAo £jy
Employers associations
J**Jl ^jUi-ffl oUkt
Convention
j*>y
International
iJjj oU&*
Conference
!jfJj*>jA
organisations
Congress
t\f- yiy
Farmers' organisations
ijijj ol»h'.»
Intimacy
iiy
Association
^ T U*. A
Morphology
\?rJhy
Association, voluntary
<0jL>-l iUiU
Social morphology
<U£Ui>-l \^jiyjy
Prohibition
e
Moron
djjy
Deconcentration
j^j'e
Institutions
£j>\***ty
Desegregation
(^pd^tii j~«^' ^
Family welfare agencies
i^M\ itej ol~wjj
Utility
Ami'.a
Penal institutions
ijUp CLwiJa
Curriculum
CV
Agency
i*~**y
Method
£4^
Corporation
A~*ty
Empirical method
^.j* 5 J 1 ^.jy 1 £f*
Foundation
A~*ty
Historical method
t^*iJ b £f*
Social agency
<LPU2^I i***ty
Genetic method
i/r 1 ^
Social foundation
4^\a&?\ 2u**>y
Scientific method
tfk&r*
Music
ijr*y
Atomic method
4j>&*
Fashion
i_ffy,
Synchronic method
tr^c^ 4
Social object
^U»-l fyfiy
Comparative method
djUU J?^- 3
Objectivity
ij-yfiy
Mode
Jyj>
Domicile
Jey
Skill
ijl^»
Habitat
d»y
Workmanship
5jl^»
Official
»\e- utey
Kermess
0U-j$»
Public servant
,-ya* udiy
Occupation
H*
Staff
5jb*i|l y%y
Vocation
i^a
Situation
U&j*
Profession
iji &£a
Social situation
iU^-l ^jjy
Resources
ijly.
Cortege
i—Sj*
Social resources
itUaH ij\j»
Mulatto
Jiy
Human resources
iijij ijy
Monography
4^*y
Job specifications
iLbj JpLi Jli»^i
Talent
L&y
or qualifications
Qualifications
cjy&y
Citizen
J>!>>
507
Gambling
Interest
Tendency
Gregariousness
Non-bureaucratic
tendency
Predisposition
J*
J**
Mythology
Inheritance
Social heritage
Balance
Budget
Budget, family
Time budget
Benefit
Lfj!_£«
Authoritarianism
kL.jl 4»jj
Output
2?ii
Traditionalism
hxX& if-y
Club
i\i
Republicanism
kj&r *fj>
Nazism
ijli
Constitutionalism
hjjfJ^i ifji
Nobility
ilLi
Sociologism
i^u^iyjt Af>$
Rejection
JLi
Corporatism
ijtfie ifji
Score
hyfj
Militarism
1>_£~S- itji
Scarcity
4jJJ
Scientism
4_4f- itji
Penitence
f"
Unsocial trend
i#l»3fl ji if-y
Symposium
4~*i\)$ OjJJ
Intellectualism
ij£i i*ji
Vow
jji
Quantitativism
i*T itji
Narcissism
<L~fji
Universalism
US' itji
Disupte
&
Central tendency
<o jO 4 itji
Duel
&
Anti-colonialism
jUni-i*)0 fcuAa APjJ
Quarrel
&
Anti-discrimination
JUodi'Al feUoi 4pjj
Labour conflict
^&
Professionalism
^r^° ^j*
Disarmament
^Ulgji
Functionalism
ijjjjj APjj
Expropriation
A»Ull frg-.Ji iiUll s^J
Boarding house
Jji
Tendency
APjJ
Xenodochium
J>
Revivalism
tl^-VI 4*£
Caprice
5 i>
Reductionism
iJ^I APji
Conation
5*
Voluntarism
i jUuM APp
Female workers
oMsU- tLJ
Regionalism
i«»J5l APjJ
Descent
CmJ
Humanitarianism
jjjl k--»- Jl 4*>i
Ration
<L*J
Universalism
ijj*i»il Jl itji
Probability ration
JUa-Vli-J
Historism
<UmjjU 4*jj
Capital-labour ration J-mJIj
Jul jjjl; j«j <U«i
Arbitrary tendency
i^S^xJ APJJ
508
Potlatch
j*yj^\ »iiii
Relativism
<L*«J
Multipartism
vL^ 1 iM f ^
Relativism, cultural
4JUj 4_J
One- party system
j»-iyi yj»ii AUSJ
System
J-i
Quota system
^a^a^JI aUsJ
Social system
^U>-l j-J
Sociocracy
^U*Jl iUJI fliai
Ecosystem
sfe J- i
Levirate
^Sll aUjI j* ^IjjJl fliai
External system
(/■J^ J-j
Domestic system
iJjil 4etua)l »lki
Internal system
^J-i
Putting out system
UjA\ fctuaJl ^UsJ
Open class system
££*• t^SJs J-J
Manorial system
iu^jl »l]jj
Classificatory kinship
t J^~aA\ i>)J&\ J— i
Guild system
^u,^
system
Order, public
ft* fib
Supersystem
i/j»tH
Legal system
J^ili »Uii
Disharmony
jUJ
Spoils system
ijj—xll aliai
Activity
JrtJU
Jury system
jjiUllfliii
Social activity
^Uarl >lii
Minifundism
SjyuaJI gjljll slisJ
Sexuality
j— ^r J»l£J
Latifundism
ijJ$\ *jljll fib
Genesis
ft^J
Metayage
i*,ljll ^UaJ
Social genesis
^•u^-i »yy
Metayage
WjjJI t) SJlill fUai
Ecstasy
d^j
Free enterprise system ^»JI fJLr^ 1 f^
Quorum
pUur^ll A«~flJ J^li oLai
Factory system
•^all >UaJ
Racketeering
iw—ai
Monarchy
,/UfUli
Blackmail
-UJ^Jl; k.,/>i
Parliamentarism
jLj ^UsJ
Semi-interquartile
jui^JI i^-dl Juai
Holism
iULi ijai
range
Weltanschauving
JUU iUU 5>
Maturity
^a&i
Zonal theories
iijjtfd\ jJsLjb j|,/n« Ob jki
Social maturity
^Uarl jyAi
Theory
i^iai
Rural belt
^a^l Jlisj
Iron law wages
(^JUJl»Jl yj-'lll i jlii
Span of control
j&Jl Jlki
Game theory
kirtUw-V ijai
Discipline
fl&
Monogenism
a»-ljll J-^l ijt;
Truck system
^"11 >!■* f ««
Machine theory
iJSl i>Ji
Cadre
l^ujOjj utflisjll j^l aUsJ
Transformism
JjwJI <4jki
Sweating system
JSI^I f Uii
Polygenism
J^^l ijj«j Ajjki
Leasehold system
,-tfl/lll jIm±U>I »lki
Organicism
**a»fcJU ^yjui\ JJjSol iljki
Economic institution
^aLiil f UaJ
Marginalism
ij»- Ajjki
Economy
^iUail fltii
Darwinism
jjjb ijki
Feudalism
.^liail aUsJ
Sociological theory
<L^-i] a**i4«d *lj&
Matriarchy
^Ifliii
Conflict theory
fj^oil i>
Parliamentarism
Jli^ »lki
Epiphenomenalism
AjjjUSI ytl^kJI ij^ki
Bicameralism
jjiy Jllj» fltii
509
Cassation
Displacement
Displacement
Transportation
Antithesis
Incest
Regression
Model
Pattern
Social pattern
Stereotype
Culture pattern
Stereotype
Behaviour pattern
Ideal type
Accretion
Growth
Social growth
Economic growth
Form
Model
Social type
Archetype
Phenotype
Ideal type
Type
Inhibition
Social nucleus
Neurasthenia
Sleep
Nirvana
\i\ij
(jASi
Sampling theory
oUll ijjai
J*
Action theory, social
^Uar'il J*ail ijii
J*
Quantity theory
ijid\ i~*£ hjoi
J*
of money
«JM<i8ll i/aJii
Lombrosian theory
jjjjvj kJX
(.jUll £&
Malthusian theory
j^jJU \jB*
<jfi&
Field theory
JImII ijjoi
Js^j
Mendelism
Jaia *ijai
Js^j
Institutions
4«e-U>-l JaJ
^Ua«-I -k*i
Social institutions
i^Uart Jai
C^1j> J&4J
Fraternal orders
Jjj>-I Uj
jUi Ja*j
Assistance schemes
olopl~a Jai
J^U- -k«J
Bastard
J*
^£jb> Ja*j
Permeability
iUi
jjj-ij*; _jl (jliU Ja*J
Alimony
iiii
j*i
Cost of living
*i*U iiii
j*j
Antipathy
jjii
jtUis^l _>*j
Dysphoria, social
^Uarl jjdi
tpUaJt j«i
Ostracism
</
^i^
Syndicate
i>\&
^.^
Union
i>\&
^U>l ^i^
General union
i»l* iAZi
^J 1 J 1 (/-V ^J*"
Company union
slidl JUp h\ii
ifjbfe rij* 1 '
Trade union
iJUp iUi
^li» r^j*"
Closed union
aaUj 4iUi
C^'
Syndicalism
ijLi;
^
Convalescence
AftUi
ijf-U^-l sly
Autocritic
Jli oii
Liliwlj^i
Social decrement
4pUj?JI rUil ^^wi
(y
Undernourishment
4jJLaJ1 cr adJ
\i\Sj
Underpopulation
JlSLil ASliT ^^aii
Understaffed
JjjjfejU ^-afc
ilU
510
A
Delusion
el-U
Holo effect
jl^l Allft
Desertion of the worker
JjsWl k_(_y&
Gift
AJ»
Hysteria
IjjwJSi
Donation
4J>
Hallucination
t^y*
Gratuity
4J>
Hallucination
4»JUfe
Depression
*jj~*5\ ii;>aJl ^ Js^jt
Hellenism
^ ' ,^
Rape
jij- <1L&
Barbarie
lX«J
Social katabolism
^Ua>-I ».u
Savagery
4jM-«A
Abandonment
j*a
Social engineering
<L&UtfH *U'.Uft
Desertion
j**
Ergonomics
4jy^j <Uul'Jh
Family desertion
a^^l y>«A
Human engineering
4j -£j 4»uUft
Migration
5_£«A
Id
J»
Inter-state migration
Ol/lfjil J-> 5>HA
Amateurism
ilyk
Exodus
<LpU»- «_£«*
Avocation
ilj»
Emigration
J*^ 1 ^jl* «>>«*
Hobby
ily»
Out-migration
i^-jls" 5_^>«A
Cultural lag
4JU5 5 j*
Internal migration
4-Wj 5y>iA
Mania
trt>*
Rural exodus
4_flj J 5y>lA
Identity
fayb
Emigration
4^-jU 5ynA
Prestige
i-Jt>
Immigration
euilj 4_^ha
Hierocracy
i-jljljj^A
Dawry
j-jy«JJ ^jjmII Lj'-w
Ascendancy
rf'iaJE*
Goal
t>JA
Legal institutions
iJUsi oU-a
Catabolism
»-U
Social
w)U«_»i iaJiJ i*Ui»-l &A
Katabolism
»-U
secretary
JUp^I
Armistice
ij-U
Public authority
i«l* &*
Social euphoria
e}JA
Realism
Parenthood
Documents
Idol
aj&\j
Duty
ioJlj
Task
JJty
Fact
j*>
Social fact
511
J*
Arithmetic mean
JU— >■ h-y
Paganism
kjj
Geometric mean
jjXi hmj
Ecstasy
Je*j
Capacity
£-J
Affection
L)la»-j
Obsession
jAyq
Feeling
Jla»-j
Median
Ja._»i^
Feeling, collective
.A*?- OUsfJ
Facility
J\mmJ 4Jwi^
Urban landscape
ij-dl &y
Tattoo
(•■*>
Being
*yrj
Guardianship
iiLfij
Existence
>yrj
Trusteeship
iUy
Existentialism
iiiyrj
Conjunction
J^J
Monotheism
ZJ\JO~j
Guardian
ST 9 -*
Unity
&J&-J
Will
k^fij
Social unity
itU3>-l iJe-j
Confinement
£?J
Socius
<Lpl»Sfl 0J&-J
Social position
^Ui^l £*j
Sociological singularisrr
1 &^yy*Jty* OhA^
Institutionalization
id&i*^ «*9j
Communion
_j_j*ill «J*3
Programming
a*w £»J
Ecosystem
A-n-t eJ*3
Scheduling
<Lu>J &>■ sJ>j
Bargaining unit
•Ujl—3 s-l>-j
Social relationship
4-*U*r^l 4S5WI *^j
Workshop
iijj
Topia
j^li £fj
Sanctity
fc»
Patriotism
iJej
Barbarity
<ui^
Positivism
iuwy
Savagery
iiyj
Ablution
tyfi 3
Revelation
«/3
Evidence
%>*3
Heredity
ii\jj
Self-evidence
Jli ^jj
Inheritance
*'JJ
Function
«Jjj
Social heredity
ipl»2fl 4J(;j
Position
«Jjj
Ministry
Sjljj
Vocation
«Jjj
Communication media
JUfll JSUj
Social function
a-pU^-I iaijj
Mass-media
ijy»U«il JUa3*5ll JSUj
Vacancy
aJU- mJ»j
Means of production
^Utfl JSUj
Key job
<Ljj *4^j
Visual aids
i^va; JSUj
Dead end job
aaWo «Jy
Palliative measures
A>X.i»,n JjU^
Awareness
</*
Preventive measures
ijlJj JjUy
Consciousness
&
Prophylactic measures
<Ui% JjLj
Mindedness
</*
Instrumentalism
<LbU}
Social consciousness
l/^'i/J
Milieu
Js^
Social mindedness
^U»-l ^j
Surrounding
ii-y
Unconscious
J 9 ^
Quadratic mean
i/*>" -^
Class consciousness
&&
Harmonic mean
^6\f Ja-,
*f
512
Loyalty
Palingenesis
Guardianship
Craze
Guardian
Feast
Agent, business
Phantasy
Fiction
•?J
Delegation
4jtf iiVj
Economies
*?ij
Child mortality
d>
Maternal mortality
<£
Infant mortality
i<Jj
Dead time
ilfcJl JU#I J-S5
Spare time
r* J
Endowment
^
Allegiance
ia_^l olij
Yoga
Utopia
Holiday
Adult
Left, Right
Certainty
GLOSSAIRE
FRANCAIS-ANGLAIS
A
Abandon
Abandon de I'epouse et des enfants
Ablution
Abolitionnisme
Aborigenes
Abreaction
Absenteisme
Absolu culturel
Absoiutisme
Absorption
Abstinence
Abstraction
Abstract ionnisme
Acceleration
Acceptation
Accident
Accident du travail
Acclimatation
Accommodation
Accomplissement
Accomplissement
Accomplissement du groupe
Accomplissement social
Accord
Accouchement
Accroissement
Accroissement de la production de
groupe
Acculturation
Acculturation antagonique
Acculturation marginale
Accumulation
Acquisition sociale
Action
Action collective
Action de mouvoir
Action directe
Action judiciaire
Action politique
Action sociale
Actionnariat ouvrier
Activisme
Abandonment
Family desertion
Ablution
Abolitionism
Aborigines
Abreaction
Absenteeism
Absolute culture
Absolutism
Absorption
Abstinence
Abstraction
Abstractionism
Acceleration
Acceptance
Accident
Accident, industrial or labour
Acclimatization
Accommodation
Achievement
Accomplishment
Group performance
Social achievement
Accord
Confinement
Accretion
Social increment
Acculturation
Acculturation, antagonistic
Acculturation, marginal
Accumulation
Social acquisitiveness
Action
Collective action
Motivation
Action, direct
Judicial action
Action, political
Social action
Copartnership
Activism
ACTIVITE
516
Activite
Activite sociale
Activites des loisirs
Adaptation
Adaptation au travail
Adaptation sociale
Adjonction de main-d'oeuvre non
professionnelle
Administration
Administration des affaires
Administration du service social
Administration financiere
Administration locale
Administration municipale
Administration sociale
Administrations publiques
Admission
Adolescence
Adolescence intellectuelle
Adonne a la boisson
Adoption
Adoration
Adulte
Adultere
Affaire
Affection
Affiliation
Affinite
Affinite elective
Agami
Age
Age d'engagement
Age de majorite
Age de majorite
Age de la pierre
Age mental
Age minimum
Agent de change
Agent des affaires syndicales
Agglomeration
Agglomeration
Agitation
Agnation
Agnosticisme
Agregation
Agression
Agriculture
Agriculture paysanne
Activity
Social activity
Leisure time activities
Adaptation
Job adjustment
Social adaptation
Labour dilution
Administration
Business administration
Social work administration
Financial administration
Administration, local
Municipal administration
Social administration
Administrations of public authority
Admission
Adolescence
Intellectual adolescence
Drinking
Adoption
Adoration
Adult
Adultery
Case
Affection
Affiliation
Affinity
Elective affinity
Agamy
Age (Biology)
Hiring age
Adulthood
Majority, age of
Stone Age
Mental age
Minimum age
Agent, change
Business agent
Agglomeration
Plural
Agitation
Agnation
Agnosticism
Aggregation
Aggression
Agriculture
Peasant agriculture
517
ANALYSE DES FAITS
Agronomie
Aide
Aide
Aide sociale aux enfants
Aide sociale pour le handicape
Aire marginale
Aire metropolitaine
Ajustement
Ajustement defectueux
Ajustement social
Ajustement socialement defectueux
Alcoolisme
Aleatoire
Alienation
Alienation
Alienation mentale
Alimentation
Allegeance
Alliance
Alliance
Allocation
Allocation
Alternation
Alternatives culturelles
Altruisme
Amalgamation
Amateurisme
Ambiance
Ambidextrie
Ambiguite
Ambivalence
Amitie
Amnesie
Amnistie
Amoralite
Amour
Amour libre
Amulette
Amusement
Amusements commerciaux
Anabolisme
Analogie
Analphabetisme
Analyse
Analyse de variance
Analyse des facteurs
Analyse des entrees et des sorties
Analyse des faits
Husbandry
Aid
Help
Child social work welfare
Social welfare of the handicapped
Marginal area
Metropolitan area
Adjustment
Maladjustment
Social adjustment
Social maladjustment
Alcoholism
Random
Alienation
Estrangement
Lunacy
Feeding
Allegiance
Alliance
Affinity
Allowance
Apportionment
Alternation
Cultural alternatives
Altruism
Amalgamation
Amateurism
Surrounding
Ambidexterity
Ambiguity
Ambivalence
Friendship
Amnesia
Amnesty
Amorality
Love
Free love
Amulet
Amusement
Commercial amusements
Anabolism
Analogy
Illiteracy
Analysis
Analysis of variance
Factor analysis
Input and output analysis
Item analysis
ANALYSE DES METIERS ET PROFESSIONS
518
Analyse des metiers et professions
Analyse des systemes du travail
Analyse du contenu
Analyse marginale
Analyse qualitative
Analyse quantitative
Analyse sequentielle
Analyse sociale
Analyse statistique
Anarchisme
Anatomie sociale
Ancien combattant
Anciennete
Androcratie
Androlepsie
Aneantissement
Animisme
Animosite
Anomalie
Anomie
Anonymat
Anormalite
Anormalite sociale
Antagonisme
Antecedent
Anthropocentrisme
Anthropogenese
Anthropogeographie
Anthropolatrie
Anthropologie
Anthropologie appliquee
Anthropologie culturelle
Anthropologie physique
Anthropologie sociale
Anthropologie sociofonctionnelle
Anthropologie synthetique
Anthropologisme
Anthropometric
Anthropometric appliquee
Anthropomorphisme
Anticolonialisme
Antidiscrimination
Antinomie
Anti-ouvrier
Antipathie
Antisocial
Antithese
Anxiete
Job analysis
Systems analysis
Content analysis
Marginal analysis
Qualitative analysis
Quantitative analysis
Sequential analysis
Social analysis
Statistical analysis
Anarchism
Social anatomy
Veteran
Seniority
Androcracy
Androlepsy
Annihilation
Animism
Animosity
Anomaly
Anomie (anomy)
Anonymity
Abnormality
Social abnormality
Antagonism
Antecedent
Anthropocentrism
Anthropogenesis
Anthropogeography
Anthropolatry
Anthropology
Applied anthropology
Cultural anthropology
Anthropology, physical
Anthropology, social
Anthropology, functional social
Anthropology, synthetic
Anthropologism
Anthropometry
Anthropometry, applied
Anthropomorphism
Anti-colonialism
Anti-discrimination
Antinomy
Anti-labour
Antipathy
Anti-social
Antithesis
Anxiety
519
ASSISTANCE DE LA VIEILLESSE
Apathie
Apatride
Apartheid
Aperception
Apostasie
A posteriori
Apotheose
Appartenance
Apprenti
Apprentissage
Approbation
Approche
Appropriation
Appui
Appui
Aptitude
Arbitrage
Arbitrage volontaire
Arbitraire
Archai'sme
Archeologie
Archetype
Argument
Aristocratie
Armee du Salut
Armistice
Art
Artisan
Artisan
Ascendance
Ascendant
Ascension sociale
Ascetisme
Asile
Asiles des orphelins
Assainissement
Assemblee
Assemblee generate
Assentiment
Assimilation
Assimilation sociale
Assistance
Assistance
Assistance judiciaire
Assistance sociale
Assistance sociale publique
Assistance technique
Assistance de la vieillesse
Apathy
Stateless
Apartheid
Aperception
Apostasy
A posteriori
Apotheosis
Belongingness
Apprentice
Apprenticeship
Approbation
Approach
Appropriation
Advocacy
Support
Aptitude
Arbitration
Voluntary arbitration
Arbitrary
Archaism
Archaeology
Archetype
Argument
Aristocracy
Salvation Army
Armistice
Art
Artificer
Artisan
Ancestry
Ascendancy or ascension
Social ascension
Asceticism
Asylum
Orphan asylums
Sanitation
Assembly
General Assembly
Assent
Assimilation
Social assimilation
Assistance
Relief
Legal aid
Social assistance
Assistance, public social
Assistance, technical
Old-age assistance
ASSISTANTE MEDICO-SOCIALE
520
Assistante medico-sociale
Assistante medico-sociale
Association
Association benevole
Association des employeurs
Association des idees
Associationnisme
Assurance collective
Assurance mixte
Assurance sociale
Assurance sur la vie
Assurance-vie
Astrologie
Asymetrie
Atavisme
Atelier
Atheisme
Athletique
Atome social
Atomisation
Atomisme
Atteinte portee aux droits du public
Attention
Attitude
Attribut
Attribution- Achievement
Auberge
Audience
Audience
Augure
Au hasard
Aumdne
Aumone
Austerite
Autarcie
Authenticity
Autisme
Autobiographie
Autocratie
Autocritique
Autodirection
Autosuggestion
Automation
Automatisme
Autonomie politique
Autoritarisme
Autorite
Autorite administrative
Almoner
Lady almoner
Association
Association, voluntary
Trade association
Association of ideas
Associationism
Group insurance
Endowment insurance
Social insurance
Life insurance
Life insurance
Astrology
Skewness
Atavism
Workshop
Atheism
Athletics
Social atom
Atomization
Atomism
Nuisance
Attention
Attitude
Attribute
Ascription -Achievement
Hostel
Audience
Hearing
Auguration
Random
Aim
Dole
Austerity
Autarchy
Authenticity
Autism
Autobiography
Autocracy
Autocritic
Self-management
Auto-suggestion
Automation
Automatism
Autonomy, political
Authoritariansim
Authority
Authority, administrative
521
BIMODAL
Autorite consultative
Autorite sociale
Autorite sociale
Avancement
Avancement
Avortement
Avunculat
Axiologie
Axiomes
Advisory authority
Social authority
Social power
Advance
Advancement
Abortion
Avunculate
Axiology
Axioms
B
Bande
Bande
Banlieue
Banquet
Barbarie
Barriere
Barriere sociale
Bas-fonds de la societe, les
Basse classe
Batard
Batterie
Beaux-Arts
Behaviorisme
Behaviorisme social
Belligerance
Benediction
Besoin
Besoins
Besoins economiques
Besoins sociaux
Bestialite
Biais
Bibliographie
Bicameralisme
Bien, le
Bien-etre
Bien-etre
Bien-etre de la famille
Bien-etre des enfants
Bien-etre public
Bien-etre social
Bienveillance
Bienveillance
Bigamie
Bimodal
Band
Gang
Suburb
Feast
Barbarity
Barrier
Social barrier
Underworld
Class, lower
Bastard
Battery
Fine arts
Behaviourism
Social behaviourism
Belligerency
Benediction
Need
Wants
Economic needs
Social needs
Bestiality
Bias
Bibliography
Bicameralism
Good, the
Well-being
Welfare
Maternity welfare
Child welfare
Public welfare
Social welfare
Benevolence
Goodwill
Bigamy
Bimodal
BIOGRAPHIE
522
Biographie
Biographie
Biologisme
Blocus
Bohemien
Bolchevisme
Bordereau de recherche
Bouc emissaire
Bourg
Bourgeoisie
Bourse universitaire
Boycottage
Brevet
Budget
Budget du temps
Budget familial
Bureaucratie
Bureaucratisation
Bureaupathologie
Bureaux des volontaires
But
Buts sociaux
Cadre
Cadre de reference
Cadre de reference de Taction
Cafe, le
Caisse de prevoyance
Caisse de secours
Caisse de service social
Caisse des pensions
Caisses d'epargne
Calamite
Camp
Campagne
Campagne
Camps internationaux du travail
Cannibalisme
Canon
Capacite
Capacite
Capacite
Capacite du travail
Capacite sociale
Capillarite
Capital
c
Biography
Life history
Biologism
Blockade
Gypsy or gipsy
Bolshevism
Schedule
Scapegoating
Borough
Bourgeoisie
Fellowship
Boycotting
Patent
Budget
Time budget
Budget, family
Bureaucracy
Bureaucratization
Bureaupathology
Volunteer bureaus
Goal
Social goals
Cadre
Frame of reference
Action frame of reference
Coffee house
Provident fund
Benevolent fund
Welfare fund
Pension fund
Saving fund
Calamity
Camp
Campaign
Country
Camps, international work
Cannibalism
Canon
Ability
Capacity
Proficiency
Work ability
Social ability
Capillarity
Capital
523
CERCLE VICIEUX
Capital humain
Capital lucratif
Capitalisme
Capitalisme intellectuel
Capitalisme populaire
Capitaux fixes
Capitulations
Caprice
Caprice
Caractere
Caractere illicite
Caractere national
Caracteres biosociaux
Caracterologie
Caravane
Carriere
Carrieres
Cartel
Cartes statistiques
Casework
Casework pour la famille
Cassation
Caste
Casuistique
Catabolisme
Categorie
Categorie sociale
Catharsis
Cathexis
Causation sociale
Cause
Cecite
Ceinture rurale
Ceinture verte
Celibat
Cellule sociale
Censure
Centralisation
Centre des affaires
Centre representatif de culture
Centre social
Centres de formation des menageres
Centres de puericulture
Centres pour la formation des
gouvernantes
Cercle de culture
Cercle de la vie
Cercle vicieux
Capital, human
Lucrative capital
Capitalism
Capitalism, intellectual
Capitalism, popular
Capital goods
Capitulations
Caprice
Fad
Character
lllicitness
National character
Biosocial characteristics
Characterology
Caravan
Career
Quarries
Cartel
Statistical maps
Casework
Family casework
Cassation
Caste
Casuistry
Catabolism
Category
Social category
Catharsis
Cathexis
Social causation
Cause
Blindness
Rural belt
Greenbelt
Celibacy
Socius
Censorship
Centralization
Central business core
Center culture
Settlement
Homemaker services
Infant welfare centres
Housekeepers, centres of
Kulturkreis
Life circle
Circle, vicious
CERCLE VICIEUX DE PAUVRETE
524
Cercle vicieux de pauvrete
Ceremonie
Ceremonie du feu
Ceremonie saisonniere
Certitude
Cerveau
Chafne historique
Chambre des deputes
Chambre du commerce
Chamanisme
Champ de jeux
Champ social
Chances de la vie
Changement culturel
Changement social
Changement technologique
Chanson populaire
Chantage
Chantage syndical
Charisme
Charite
Charme
Charme
Chasse
Chastete
Chauvinisme
Chef
Chef
Chef
Chevalerie
Chevaliers du travail
Chiromancie
Chiromancie
Choix disparaissant
Chomage
Chomage chronique
Chomage partiel
Chomage personnel
Chomage saisonnier
Chomage technologique
Chomeur valide
Chronologie
Cinema
Circulation
Circulation des elites
Circulation sociale
Cite de I'entreprise
Cite-jardin
Vicious circle of poverty
Ceremony
Fire ceremony
Seasonal ceremony
Certainty
Brain
Historical series
Chamber of deputies
Chamber of commerce
Chamanism
Playground
Social field
Life chances
Cultural change
Social change
Change, technological
Song, popular
Blackmail
Racketeering, labour
Charisma
Charity
Charm
Spell
Hunting
Chastity
Chauvinism
Boss
Chief
Executive
Chivalry
Knights of labour
Chiromancy
Palmistry
Vanishing choice
Unemployment
Hard core unemployment
Underemployment
Personal unemployment
Seasonal unemployment
Unemployment, technological
Able-bodied unemployed
Chronology
Cinema
Circulation (Economics)
Circulation of elite
Social circulation
Company town
Garden city
525
COGNATION
Citoyen
Civilisation
Civilisation preindustrielle
Civisme
Clairvoyance
Clan
Clan patrilineaire
Classe
Classe des employes
Classe fermee
Classe improductive
Classe moyenne
Classe oisive
Classe ouvriere
Class privilegiee
Classe sociale
Classe sociale abstraite
Classe sociale concrete
Classe superieure
Classification
Classification des occupations pour
la planification
Classification professionnelle
Classicisme
Clemence
Cleptomanie
Clerge
Clerge, le
Client
Climat
Clinique
Clique
Clochard sans abri
Cldture urbaine
Club
Club des jeunes
Coalition
Code
Code moral
Code moral de la profession
Codification
Co-direction
Co-education
Coefficient
Coefficient de contingence
Coercition
Coexistence
Cognation
Citizen
Civilization
Civilization, pre-industrial
Civism
Clairvoyance
Clan
Gens
Class
White collar class
Estate
Leisure class
Class, middle
Class, leisure
Class, working
Class, privileged
Social class
Abstract social class
Concrete social class
Class, upper
Classification
Occupations classification for planning
Classification, occupational
Classicism
Clemency
Kleptomania
Clergy
Priesthood
Client
Climate
Clinic
Clique
Homelessness
Urban fence
Club
Boys' club
Coalition
Code
Moral code
Code of ethics
Coding
Co-management
Co-education
Coefficient
Contingency, coefficient of
Coercion
Coexistence
Cognation
COHABITATION
526
Cohabitation
Cohesion
Cohesion
Cohesion sociale
Cohesion de groupe
Cohorte
Collaboration
Collectivisation
Collectivisme
Collectivite
Colonialisme
Colonie
Colonisation des terrains
Combinaison
Comite
Comite d'entreprises
Comite electoral
Commandement
Commensalisme
Commerce interne
Commercialisation
Commission
Commonwealth
Communalisme
Communaute
Communaute organique oucomposee
Communaute simple
Commune
Communication des masses
Communication sociale
Communications administrates
Communion
Communisme
Communisme primitif
Commutation
Compagnie
Compagnon
Compartimentalisation
Compensation
Competence
Competence
Competition
Competition economique
Complements du salaire
Complexe
Complexe culturel
Complexe d'Electre
Complexe d'inferiorite
Cohabitation
Coherence
Cohesion
Social cohesion
Group cohesiveness
Cohort
Collaboration
Collectivisation
Collectivism
Collectivity
Colonialism
Colony
Land settlement
Colligation
Committee
Works council
Caucus
Command
Commensalism
Internal trade
Commercialization
Commission
Commonwealth
Communalism
Community
Multi-group community
Uni-group community
Commune
Mass communication
Communication, social
Communications, administrative
Communion
Communism
Communism, primitive
Commutation
Company
Companion
Compartmentalization
Compensation
Competence
Proficiency
Competition
Economic competition
Fringe benefits
Complex
Culture complex
Electra Complex
Inferiority complex
527
CONFLIT DES CLASSES
Complexe de castration
Complexe d'Oedipe
Complexe de superiority
Comportement
Comportement anormal
Comportement cache
Comportement ouvert ou manifeste
Comportement rationnel
Comportement social
Comprehension
Comprehension
Compromis
Comptes nationaux
Compurgation
Comte
Conation
Concentration
Concept
Conception du monde
Conceptualisme
Conciliation
Concubinage
Concurrence sociale
Concurrence sociale
Condamnation
Conditions de I'emploi
Conditions deloyales de travail
Conditions de vie
Conditions du travail
Conditions du travail
Conditions requises de la fonction
Conditions sociales
Conduite
Conduite collective
Conduite des masses
Conduite du groupe
Conduite humaine
Conduite morale
Confederation
Conference
Confession
Configuration
Confiscation
Conflit
Conflit
Conflit dans I'organisation
Conflit de travail
Conflit des classes
Castration complex
Oedipus complex
Superiority complex
Behaviour
Abnormal behaviour
Behaviour, covert
Behaviour, covert
Rational behaviour
Behaviour, social
Comprehension
Understanding
Compromise
National accounts
Compurgation
County
Conation
Concentration
Concept
Weltanschauung
Conceptualism
Conciliation
Concubinage
Concurrence, social
Social competition
Condemnation
Conditions, employment
Unfair labour practice
Conditions, living
Working conditions
Labour conditions
Requirements, job
Conditions, social
Conduct
Collective behaviour
Mass behaviour
Group behaviour
Human behaviour
Moral conduct
Confederation
Conference
Confession
Configuration
Confiscation
Conflict
Strife
Conflict in organization
Labour conflict
Class conflict
CONFLIT DES ROLES
528
Conflit des roles
Conflit des valeurs
Conflit legal
Conflit mental
Conflits de I'industrie
Conflit social
Conformite
Conformite
Confusion
Confusion de masse
Confusion sociale
Congestion
Conglomeration
Congregation
Congres
Congruence
Congruence physique
Conjonction
Conjoncture
Connaissance
Connaissance
Connaissance discursive
Connotation
Connexionnisme
Connexite sociale
Consanguinite
Consanguinite paternelle
Conscience
Conscience
Conscience
Conscience collective
Conscience collective
Conscience de classe
Conscience de soi-meme
Conscience du groupe
Conscience sociale
Conscience sociale
Conscription
Conseil
Conseil d'administration
Conseil d'administration
Conseil du village
Conseil familial
Conseils professionnels
Consensus
Consensus social
Consentement social
Conservation de soi-meme
Role-conflict
Value conflict
Dispute, legal
Mental conflict
Industrial conflicts
Social conflict
Accordance
Conformity
Confusion
Milling
Social confusion
Congestion
Conglomeration
Fraternity
Congress
Fitness
Body fitness
Conjunction
Conjuncture
Cognition
Knowledge
Discursive cognition
Connotation
Connectionism
Social relationship
Consanguinity
Blood relationship
Awareness
Conscience
Mindedness
Consciousness, collective
We feeling
Class consciousness
Consciousness
Group mind
Social mindedness
Social consciousness
Conscription
Council
Governing body
Board of directors
Village council
Family council
Counselling, employment
Consensus
Social consensus
Social approval
Self-preservation
529
CONVALESCENCE
Conservatisme
Consistence
Consolidation
Consommation
Consommation ostentatoire
Constance
Constitution
Constitution sociale
Constitutionnalisme
Consultation
Consultation d'orientation
Consultation en commun
Consultation prematrimoniale
Contact
Contact social
Contagion sociale
Contigui'te
Continence
Contingentement
Continuation
Continuation sociale
Contraception
Contrainte sociale
Contrainte sociale
Contrariete
Contravention
Contreculture
Contremaftre
Contremaftre
Contresuggestion
Contribution
Contrdle
Contrdle administratif
Controle d'efficience
Contrdle de I'execution de la greve
Contrdle de la production
Contrdle de la qualite
Controle social
Contrat
Contrat
Contrat administratif
Contrat collectif couvrant toute
I'industrie
Contrat d'essai
Contrat de travail
Contrat du travail anti-syndical
Contrat social
Convalescence
Conservatism
Consistency
Consolidation
Consumption
Consumption, conspicuous
Constancy
Constitution
Social constitution
Constitutionalism
Counseling
Guidance
Consultation, joint
Premarital counseling
Contact
Social contact
Social contagion
Contiguity
Continence
Quota system
Continuation
Social continuation
Contraception
Restraint, social
Social constraint
Contrariety
Contravention
Contraculture
Boss
Foreman
Contrasuggestion
Contribution
Control
Control, administrative
Follow-up
Picketing
Production control
Quality control
Social control
Contract
Agreement
Contract, administrative
Agreement, industry wide
Probationary contract
Labour contract
Yellow dog contract
Social contract
Convalescence
CONVENTION
530
Convention
Convention appliquee a I'echelon de
region
Convention collective du travail
Convention internationale
Conversion
Conviction
Cooperation
Cooperation antagoniste
Cooperative
Cooperative de consommation
Cooperative de production
Cooperatives agricoles
Cooperatives de construction
Cooperatives du credit
Cooptation
Coordination
Coordination administrative
Corollaire
Corporation
Corporatisme
Correction
Correspondance
Correlation
Correlation de rang
Correspondance
Corruption
Corruption
Cortege
Cosmologie
Cosmopolitanisme
Cote
Couche sociale
Couche sociale
Coup d'ltat
Cour (faite a une femme)
Courbe de frequence
Courbe de Lorenz
Couronne-L'ltat nTonarchique, la
Cout de vie
Coutume
Couvade
Creativite
Creche
Credit
Credit social
Crime
Crime
Convention
Agreement, area
Collective labour agreement
International agreement
Conversion
Conviction
Cooperation
Antagonistic cooperation
Cooperative
Consumers' cooperative society
Producers' cooperative society
Farming cooperatives
Building cooperatives
Credit cooperation
Cooptation
Coordination
Co-ordination, administrative
Corollary
Corporation
Corporatism
Correction
Correspondence
Correlation
Rank correlation
Correspondence
Bribery
Corruption
Cortege
Cosmology
Cosmopolitanism
Score
Social stratum
Stratum
Coup d'£tat
Courtship
Frequency curve
Lorenz curve
Crown
Cost of living
Customs
Couvade
Creativity
Nursery, day
Credit
Social credit
Crime
Felony
531
DECENTRALISATION
Crimes de la classe superieure
Crimes economiques
Criminologie
Crise
Critere
Criticisme
Croissance
Croissance sociale
Croyance
Croyance
Cueillette de la nourriture
Culpability
Culte
Culte
Culte de I'hero
Culte du mort
Culte des ancetres
Cultes mystiques
Culture
Culture analphabete
Culture couverte
Culture de base
Culture de masse
Culture immaterielle
Culture marginale
Culture materielle
Culture populaire
Culture professionnelle
Cultures en travers
Cure
Cybernetique
Cycle de la vie
Cycle economique
Cynisme
White-collar crimes
Crimes, economic
Criminology
Crisis
Criterion
Criticism
Growth
Social growth
Belief
Creed
Food collecting
Guilt
Cult
Worship
Hero worship
Dead, cult of the
Ancestor worship
Mystery cults
Culture
Nonliterate culture
Covert culture
Base culture
Mass culture
Culture, non material
Marginal culture
Culture, material
Popular culture
Professional culture
Cross-cultures
Cure
Cybernetics
Life cycle
Business cycle
Cynism
Dance
Darwinisme
Darwinisme social
Debauche
Debureaucratisation
Decadence
Decalage du temps
Decasualisation
Decelerite
Decentralisation
D
Dance
Darwinism
Social Darwinism
Debauchery
Debureaucratization
Decadence
Time lag
Decasualization
Deceleration
Decentralization
DECISION
532
Decision
Decision administrative
Declaration
Declassement
Decollage
Decolonisation
Deconcent ration
Decouverte
Decret
Decroissement social
Deculturation
Deduction
Defaitisme
Defaut
Defaut d'adaptation
Defaut de prononciation
Defectuosite
Defense sociale
Defi
Deficience mentale
Definition
Definition operationnelle
Definition par synonyme
Deflation
Degeneration
Degeneration
Degeneration sociale
Degradation
Degradation
Degradation
Degradation de travail
Deification
Deisme
Dejeuner
Deliberation
Delegation
Delegation sociale
Delegue a la liberte surveillee
Delinquance juvenile
Delit
Delit
Demagogie
Demande
Demande
Demarches benevoles
Demilitarisation
Demobilisation
Demobilisation industrielle
Decision
Decision, administrative
Declaration
Declass
Take-off
Decolonization
Deconcentration
Discovery
Decree
Social decrement
Deculturation
Deduction
Defeatism
Defect
Maladaptation
Speech defect
Defect
Social defense
Defiance
Mental deficiency
Definition
Operational definition
Biverbal definition
Deflation
Degeneration
Devolution
Social degeneracy
Debasement
Demotion
Degradation
Degradation of labour
Deification
Deism
Lunch
Deliberation
Delegation
Social delegation
Probation officer
Child delinquency
Delict
Offense
Demagogy
Application
Demand
Good offices
Demilitarization
Demobilization
Industrial demobilization
533
DESORDRE
Democratic
Democratic bourgeoise
Democratic economique
Democratic industrielle
Democratic populaire
Democratic sociale
Demode
Demographie
Demographic historique
Demonisme
Demonologie
Demonstrations
Demoralisation
Denombrement
Denomination
Deontologie
Departement
Dependance
Depense publique
Depersonnalisation
Deplacement
Depopulation
Deportation
Deportation des travailleurs
Depreciation
Depression
Deproletarisation
Deputation
Dereglement
Disaccord
Desarmement
Desassociation
Desastre
Descente
Description des fonctions
Deseconomie
Desegregation
Desequilibre
Desequilibre social
Desertion
Desertion du travailleur
Desharmonie
Desintegration
Desintegration psychique
Desintegration sociale
Desobeissance
Desobeissance civile
Desordre
Democracy
Bourgeois democracy
Economic democracy
Industrial democracy
Popular democracy
Social democracy
Old-fashioned
Demography
Historical demography
Demonism
Demonology
Demonstrations
Demoralization
Enumeration
Denomination
Deontology
Department
Dependency
Expenditure, public
Depersonalization
Displacement
Depopulation
Deportation
Labour deportation
Depreciation
Depression
Deproletarization
Deputation
Lawlessness
Variance
Disarmament
Disassociation
Disaster
Descent
Job description
Diseconomy
Desegregation
Disequilibrium
Social disequilibrium
Desertion
Desertion of the worker
Disharmony
Disintegration
Psychic splitting
Social disintegration
Disobedience
Civil disobedience
Disorder
DESORDRE DU CARACTERE
534
Desordre du caractere
Desordre mental
Desorganisation
Disorganisation familiale
Desorganisation sociale
Disorientation
Despotisme
Destin
Detention
Detention preventive
Deterioration
Deterioration sociale
Detresse
Determinisme
Determinisme culturel
Determinisme economique
Determinisme geographique
Determinisme personnel
Determinisme sociologique
Detribalisation
Deuil
Deuterogamie
Devaluation
Developpement de la communaute
Developpement economique
Developpement rural
Developpement social
Deviation
Deviation quartile
Deviationnisme
Devoir
Diabolisme
Diagnose cooperative
Diagnose dans le case work
Diagnose dans le developpement
communautaire
Diagnose differentielle
Diagnostic
Diagnostic social
Diagramme
Diagramme
Diagramme a tuyaux d'orgue
Diagramme de dispersion
Diagramme des colonnes
Diagrammes en images
Diagrammes logarithmiques
Dialecte
Dialectique
Character disorder
Mental disorder
Disorganization
Family disorganization
Social disorganization
Disorientation
Despotism
Fate
Custody
Detention, remand
Deterioration
Social deterioration
Distress
Determinism
Cultural determinism
Economic determinism
Geographic determinism
Self-determinism
Sociological determinism
Detribalization
Mourning
Deuterogamy
Devaluation
Community development
Economic growth
Rural development
Social development
Deviation
Quartile deviation
Deviationism
Duty
Diabolism
Diagnosis, cooperative
Diagnosis in case work
Diagnosis in community development
Differential diagnosis
Diagnosis
Social diagnosis
Diagram
Chart
Bar charts
Scatter diagram
Column chart
Pictorial charts
Logarithmic charts
Dialect
Dialectic
535
DIVERTISSEMENT
ctature
eu
fferences individuelles
fferenciation
fferenciation sociale
fformite
ffusion
gnite humaine
lemme
plomatie
rection
rection
rection des affaires
rection des exploitations agricoles
rection du personnel
rection intermediaire
rection mediocre
rection par les objectifs
rection sociale
rection scientifique
rectoire
rigeant
scipline
scipline ideographique
scipline sociale
scontinuite
scrimination raciale
scrimination sociale
scussion collective
spensaire
spersions
sposition
ssociation
ssonance cognitive
stance ecologique
stance sociale
straction
straction
straction
stribution
stribution binome
stribution de frequence
stribution de Poisson
stributions statistiques
strict
vergence
versification
vertissement
Dictatorship
God
Individual differences
Differentiation
Social differentiation
Deformity
Diffusion
Dignity, human
Dilemma
Diplomacy
Trend
Management
Business management
Farm management
Personnel administration
Middle management
Undermanagement
Objectives, management by
Social direction
Management, scientific
Directorate
Executive
Discipline
Idiographic discipline
Social discipline
Discontinuity
Discrimination, racial
Social discrimination
Discussions, group
Dispensary
Dispersion
Disposition
Dissociation
Dissonance, cognitive
Distance, ecological
Social distance
Avocation
Distraction
Hobby
Distribution
Binomial distribution
Frequency distribution
Poisson distribution
Distributions, statistical
District
Divergence
Diversification
Entertainment
DIVINATION
536
Divination
Divination
Divination par la boule de crista!
Division
Division du travail
Divorce
Doctrine
Doctrines economiques
Documents
Dogme
Domaine eminent
Domaine public
Domestication
Domicile
Dominance
Dominion, le
Dommage
Don
Donation
Donation
Donnee de base
Donnees
Dot
Dotation
Double descendance
Doute
Drame rituel
Droit
Droit civil
Droit commun
Droit criminel
Droit d'auteur
Droit de cite
Droit divin
Droit international
Droit par naissance
Droits civiques
Droits de la femme
Droits de I'epouse
Droits humains
Droits naturels
Droits sociaux
Drogues narcotiques
Dualisme
Dualisme regional
Duel
Dumping
Durability de la vie active
Divination
Fortune-telling
Scrying
Division
Division of labour
Divorce
Doctrine
Economic doctrines
Documents
Dogma
Eminent domain
Estate, public
Domestication
Domicile
Dominance
Dominion
Damage
Gift
Donation
Grant
Basic data
Data
Dawry
Endowment
Double descent
Doubt
Drama, ritual
Right
Civil law
Common law
Criminal law
Copyright
Citizenship
Divine right
International law
Birth right
Civil rights
Woman's rights
Wife's rights
Human rights
Natural rights
Social rights
Drugs, narcotic
Dualism
Regional dualism
Duel
Dumping
Durability of labour
537
ECONOMIE MIXTE
Dynamique sociale
Dynamique de la culture
Dynamisme
Dynamisme de groupe
Dysfonctionnement
Dysphorie sociale
Social dynamics
Cultural dynamics
Dynamism
Group dynamics
Dysfunction
Dysphoria, social
Ecart moyen
Ecart-type
Eccentricite
Ecclesie
Echange
Echantillon arbitraire
Echantillon au hasard
Echantillon conglomere
Echantillon intentionnel
Echantillon stratifie
Echantillon systematique
Echantillonnage de sondage probabiliste
Echantillonnage systematique
Echantillons de force egale
Echelle agricole
Echelles des attitudes
Eclaircissement
Eclaireurs
Eclecticisme
Ecole de reforme
Ecole historique
Ecole intellectuelle
Ecole maternelle
Ecologie du travail
Ecologie humaine
Ecologie sociale
Ecologie urbaine
Econometrie
Economie d'abondance
Economie de bien-etre
Economie de chasse
Economie de la cueillette de la
nourriture
Economie domestique
Economie du marche
Economie industrielle
Economie menage re
Economie mixte
Mean deviation
Standard deviation
Eccentricity
Ecclesia
Exchange
Judgment sample
Sample, random
Cluster sampling
Purposive sample
Sample, stratified
Sample, systematic
Probability sampling
Systematic sampling
Matched samples
Agricultural ladder
Scales of attitudes
Enlightenment
Boy scouts
Eclecticism
Borstal
Historical school
School of thought
Kindergarten
Ecology, work
Ecology, human
Social ecology
Ecology, urban
Econometrics
Abundance, economy of
Welfare economics
Economy, hunting
Economy, gathering
Domestic economy
Economy, market
Economy, industrial
Home economics
Mixed economy
ECONOMIE NATURELLE
538
Economie naturelle
Economie politique
Economie sociale
Economies
Economisme
Ecoulement du travail
Ecoulement du travail
Ecriture
Education
Education des adultes
Education des travailleurs
Education ouvriere
Education physique
Education sociale
Effectif de la main-d'ceuvre
Effectif deficitaire
Effectivisme
Effet d'aureole
Effet ziegarnique
Efficacite
Efficience
Egalitarisme
Egalite
Ego
L'ego se refletant au miroir
Egocentrisme
Egoi'sme
Ekistique
Elan industriel
Elan vital
Elasticite
Election
Elimination
Elimination sociale
Elite
Emanation
Emancipation
Emigration
Emigration
Emotion
Empathie
Empire
Empirisme
Emplacement de I'industrie
Emploi
Emploi des condamnes
Emploi des femmes
Emploi des femmes
Natural economy
Political economy
Social economics
Economies
Economism
Flow of labour
Work flow
Writing
Education
Adult education
Workers' education
Labour education
Physical education
Social education
Labour force
Understaffed
Effectivism
Halo effects
Ziegarnic effect
Effectiveness
Efficiency
Egalitarianism
Equality
Self
Looking glass self
Egocentrism
Egoism
Ekistics
Industrial momentum
Elan vital
Elasticity
Election
Elimination
Social elimination
Elite
Emanation
Emancipation
Emigration
Out -migration
Emotion
Empathy
Empire
Empiricism
Location of industry
Employment
Convict labour
Female workers
Women, employment of
539
EQUILIBRE GENERAL
Emploi des prisonniers
Employabilite
Employes hors cadre
Emprisonnement
Emprisonnement
Emprunt
Encombrement
Enculturation
Endettement
Endoctrinement
Endogamie
Energie sociale
Enfance
Engagement
Engagement
Engouement
Enlevement
Enlevement
Ennui
Enquete sociale
Enquete sur le terrain
Enregistrement
Enseignement
Enseignement
Enterrement
Entite sociale
Entreprise
Entreprise
Entreprise
Entreprise commerciale
Entretien
Entrevue de diagnostic et de traitement
Entrevue de recherche
Entrevue personnelle
Enumeration de soi-meme
Environnement
Environnement social
Environnementalisme
Epargne
Epidemiologic
Epiphenomenalisme
Epistemologie
Epuisement nerveux
Equilibre
Equilibre
Equilibre des pouvoirs
Equilibre economique
Equilibre general
Contract system
Employability
Hors cadre staff
Confinement
Imprisonment
Advance, cash
Overcrowding
Enculturation
Indebtedness
Indoctrination
Endogamy
Energy, social
Childhood
Commitment
Engagement
Craze
Abduction
Kidnapping
Boredom
Social survey
Field research
Recording
Instruction
Teaching
Interment
Social entity
Enterprise
Firm
Undertaking
Business enterprise
Sustenance
Interview, diagnostic & treatment
Interview, research
Personal interview
Self-enumeration
Environment
Social environment
Environmentalism
Saving
Epidemiology
Epiphenomenalism
Epistemology
Breakdown, nervous
Balance
Equilibrium
Balance of power
Economic equilibrium
General equilibrium
EQUILIBRE SOCIAL
540
Equilibre social
Equilibre social
Equite
Equivalence
Ere
Ergonomique
Ergotherapie
Erotisme
Erreur
Erreur-type
Esclavage
Esclavage
Esclavage
Espace social
Espionnage
Exploitation des entreprises
Esprit
Esprit
Esprit collectif
Esprit de corps
Esprit-de-corps
Esprit de I'epoque
Esprit social
Essence
Essentialisme
Estimation
Estime
Esthetique
Estropiement
Etablissement
Etablissement des reglements
Etablissement ferme
Etape du point culminant
Etat
Etat-cite
Etat de siege
Etat federal
Etat legitime
L'Etat poursuivant le bien-etre
Etat satellite
Etatisme
Etendue
Etendue de controle
Eternite
Ethnocentrisme
Ethnocratie
Ethnogenique
Ethnographie
Social balance
Social equilibrium
Equity
Equivalence
Age (History)
Ergonomics
Ergotherapy
Erotism
Error
Standard error
Bondage
Enslavement
Slavery
Social space
Espionage
Entrepreneurship
Ghost
Mind
Collective mind
Group spirit
Esprit-de-corps
Zeitgeist
Social mind
Essence
Essentialism
Estimation
Esteem
Aesthetics
Crippling
Establishment
Rule-making
Closed shop
Climax stage
State
City state
Siege, state of
Federal state
State, legal
Welfare state
Satellite state
Etatism
Range
Span of control
Eternity
Ethnocentrism
Ethnocracy
Ethnogenics
Ethnography
541
EXODE RURAL
Ethnohistoire
Ethnologie
Ethnopsychologie
Ethologie
Ethos
Etiologie
Etiquette
Etiquette syndicale
Etranger
Etranger
Etranger
Etre humain
Etre social
Etude
Etude de Taction
Etude des cas individuels
Etude des methodes du travail
Etude des modes operatoires
Etude des modes operatoires
Etude economique du travail
Etude formulative
Etude sociale
Eudemonisme
Eufonction
Eugenique
Euphorie sociale
Evaluation
Evaluation des fonctions
Evaluation des merites
Evenement
Evidence
Evidence en soi
Evolution
Evolution emergente
Evolution sociale
Evolutionnisme
Exactitude
Examen des moyens de vie
Excommunication
Execution
Execution
Execution de la Soi
Execution sommaire
Exhibitionnisme
Existence
Existence
Existentialisme
Exode rural
Ethnohistory
Ethnology
Ethnopsychology
Ethology
Ethos
Etiology
Etiquette
Label, trade union
Alien
Foreigner
Stranger
Human being
Social being
Research
Action research
Social case work
Method study
Ergometrics
Work study
Labour economics
Formulative study
Social research
Eudaemonism
Eufunction
Eugenics
Social euphoria
Evaluation
Job evaluation
Merit rating
Event
Evidence
Self-evidence
Evolution
Emergent evolution
Social evolution
Evolutionism
Accuracy
Means test
Excommunication
Execution
Performance
Law enforcement
Lynching
Exhibitionism
Being
Existence
Existentialism
Rural exodus
EXOGAMIE
542
Exogamie
Exorcisme
Expansionnisme
Expatriation
Expectance de vie
Expectation
Experience
Experience consciente
Experi mental isme
Expert
Expiation
Expiation
Explication
Exploitation
Exploitation des mines
Exploitation patronale
Explosion de la population
Exposition
Expressionnisme
Expropriation
Expulsion
Extase
Extension de la fonction
Extinction
Extradition
Extraterritoriality
Extralegalite
Extroversion
Excursions
Exogamy
Exorcism
Expansionism
Expatriation
Life expectancy
Expectation
Experience
Conscious experience
Practicism
Expert
Atonement
Expiation
Explication
Exploitation
Mining
Sweating system
Population explosion
Exposition
Expressionism
Expropriation
Expulsion
Ecstasy
Job enlargement
Extinction
Extradition
Extraterritoriality
Extralegality
Extroversion
Excursions
Fable
Fabrique
Facilitation sociale
Facilite
Facteur
Facteurs specifiques
Facteurs de chance
Faction
Faculte
Faiblesse d'esprit
Fait
Fait social
Familiarite
Famille
Famille en commun
Fable
Factory
Social facilitation
Facility
Factor
Factors, group
Chance Factors
Faction
Faculty
Feeble mindedness
Fact
Social fact
Familiarity
Family
Family^ joint
543
FONCTION
Famille etendue
Famille nourriciere
Famille nucleaire
Famille primaire
Famille secondaire
Famine
Famine
Fanatisme
Fanatisme
Fantaisie
Fascisme
Fatalisme
Fatigue
Favoritisme
Favoritisme
Federalisme
Federation
Feminisme
Ferme
Ferme
Ferme collective
Ferme de 1'F.tat
Fermentation
Fermentation sociale
Fermier-proprietaire
Fertilite
Fete
Fetes
Fetiche
Feudalisme
Fiancailles
Fichier central
Fiction
Fidelite
Fief
Film
Filiation
Finalisme
Finances publiques
Fixation
Flatterie
Fluctuations economiques
Fluidite
Foi
Foires
Folie
Folklore
Fonction
Extended family
Foster family
Nuclear family
Family, primary
Family, secondary
Famine
Starvation
Bigotry
Fanaticism
Fantasy
Fascism
Fatalism
Fatigue
Favouritism
Spoils system
Federalism
Federation
Feminism
Farm
Farmstead
Collective farm
State farm (Sofkhoz)
Fermentation
Social fermentation
Yeoman
Fertility
Feast
Festivals
Fetish
Feudalism
Betrothal
Social exchange
Fiction
Loyalty
Fief
Film
Filiation
Finalism
Finance, public
Fixation
Flattery
Fluctuations, economic
Fluidity
Faith
Fairs
Insanity
Folklore
Function
FONCTION GELEE
544
onction gelee
onction de base
onction sociale
onctionnaire
onctionnaire public
onctionnarisme
ond
ond d'aide sociale aux travailleurs
ondation
ondation sociale
onds social
orce
orce de groupe
orce majeure
orce sociale
ormalisme
ormalite
ormation
ormation des travailleurs sociaux
ormation professionnelle
ormation professionnelle
orme
ormes du travail
ormes geometriques
ormule
ornication
oule
oyer
ractionnalisme
rais administratifs
ranchise
raternite
rayage
requences cumulatives
rontieres
rustration
unebre
usion
uturisme
uturologie
Dead end job
Key job
Social function
Official
Public servant
Functionalism
Fund
Employee welfare fund
Foundation
Social foundation
Community chest
Force
Group momentum
Force majeure
Social force
Formalism
Formality
Training
Education for social work
Professional training
Vocational training
Form
Work, forms of
Geometric shapes
Formula
Fornication
Crowd
Home
Fractionalism
Overhead charges
Franchise
Brotherhood
Facilitation
Cumulative frequencies
Boundaries
Frustration
Funeral
Fusion
Futurism
Futurology
G
Gagne-pain
Gain
Gain
Garantie de moyens d'existence
Livelihood
Earning
Gain
Income security
545
GRAPH IQUES LINEAIRES
Garde nationale
Gaspillage
Gauche, Droite
Gemeinschaft
Genealogie
Generalisation
Generaliste
Generation
Generique, image
Genese
Genese sociale
Genetique, la
Genie
Genie humain
Genie psychologique
Genie social
Genocide
Genotype
Gens de mer
Gentilhomme
Geographie culturelle
Geographie economique
Geographie ekistique
Geographie historique
Geographie humaine
Geographie politique
Geographie sociale
Geographie urbaine
Gedle
Geopolitique
Gerontocratie
Gerontologie
Gestaltisme
Geste
Ghetto
Gnosticisme
Gout
Gouvernement
Gouvernement local
Gouvernorat
GrSce
Grade
Gradualisme
Graduation
Grande production, la
Grande ville
Graphique
Graphiques lineaires
Guard, national
Waste, economic
Left, Right
Gemeinschaft
Genealogy
Generalization
Generalist
Generation
Generic image
Genesis
Social genesis
Genetics
Genius
Human engineering
Engineering psychology
Social engineering
Genocide
Genotype
Seamen
Gentleman
Geography, cultural
Geography, economic
Geography, ekistics
Historical geography
Human geography
Geography, political
Geography, social
Geography, urban
Jail
Geopolitics
Gerontocracy
Gerontology
Gestaltism
Gesture
Ghetto
Gnosticism
Taste
Government
Local government
Governorate
Pardon
Grade
Gradualism
Scaling
Large scale production
City
Chart
Graphs, linear
GRAPHOLOGIE
546
Graphologie
Gratification
Gratification
Gratification differee
Gregarisme
Greve
Greve generate
Greve perlee
Grief
Groupe
Groupe bureaucratique
Groupe d'age
Groupe de conflit
Groupe de contrdle
Groupe de discussion
Groupe de minorite
Groupe de pression
Groupe de reference
Groupe d'etrangers
Groupe d'interets
Groupe ethnique
Groupe experimental
Groupe formel
Groupe genetique
Groupe informe
Groupe intermittent
Groupe isole
Groupe marginal
Groupe naturel
Groupe obligatoire
Groupe primaire
Groupe psychologique
Groupe rassemble
Groupe secondaire
Groupe social
Groupe sociologique
Groupe volontaire
Groupement de pression
Groupement forme
Guerison
Guerisseur
Guerre
Guerre civile
Gymnastique
Gynecocratie
Graphology
Bonus
Gratification
Deferred gratification
Gregariousness
Strike
General strike
Ca'canny strike
Grievance
Group
Bureaucratic group
Age-set or age-grade
Group, conflict
Control group
Discussion group
Minority group
Pressure group
Reference group
Out-group
Interest group
Ethnic group
Group, experimental
Group, formal
Genetic group
Group, informal
Intermittent group
Allopatric group
Group, marginal
Natural group
Group, compulsory
Group, primary
Group, psychological
Group, congregate
Group, secondary
Social group
Group, sociological
Voluntary group
Lobbying
Formed group
Healing
Medicine-man
War
Civil war
Gymnastics
Gynecocracy
547
HOMEOSTASIE
H
Habilitation
Habilete
Habilete du travail
Habillement
Habitat
Habitation
Habitude
Habitude collective
Habitude de fumer le tabac
Hallucination
Hameau
Handicapage
Harmonie
Hedonisme
Hegemonie
Hellenisme
Heredite
Heredite sociale
Heresie
Heritage
Heritage
Heritage culturel
Heritage social
Heterogamie
Heterogeneite
Heteronomie
Heterosexualite
Heterosuggestion
Heures de travail
Hierarchie
Hierocratie
Hinterland
Histogramme
Histoire
Histoire de cas individuel
Histoire sociale
Histoire sociale de cas individuel
Historicisme
Historiographie
Historisme
Holisme
Homeopathie
Homeostasie
Habilitation
Skill
Workmanship
Dress
Habitat
Dwelling
Habit
Habit, collective
Smoking
Hallucination
Hamlet
Handicapping
Harmony
Hedonism
Hegemony
Hellenism
Heredity
Social heredity
Heresy
Heritage
Inheritance
Cultural rieritage
Social heritage
Heterogamy
Heterogeneity
Heteronomy
Heterosexuality
Heterosuggestion
Hours of work
Hierarchy
Hierocracy
Hinterland
Histogram
History
Case-history
Social history
Social history in case work
Historicism
Historiography
Historism
Holism
Homoeopathy
Homeostasis
HOMICIDE
548
Homicide
Homme
Homme economique
Homme marginal
Homme social
Homo oeconomicus
Homo faber
Homo sapiens
Homogeneite
Homologie
Homosexuality
Honneur
Mopital
Horde
Hors castes
Hors la loi
Hospice
Hospice
Hospitalisme
Hospitalite
Hostilite
Hotel
Humanisme
Humanitarisme
Humanite
Humeur
Hybride
Hygiene
Hygiene
Hygiene mentale
Hygiene professionnelle
Hygiene publique
Hygiene sociale
Hypergamie
Hypnotisme
Hypothese
Hypothese
Hypothese heuristique
Hysterie
Homicide
Man
Economic man
Marginal man
Social man
Homo oeconomicus
Homo faber
Homo sapiens
Homogeneity
Homology
Homosexuality
Honoui
Hospital
Horde
Out castes
Outlawry
Asylum
Hospice
Hospitalism
Hospitality
Hostility
Hotel
Humanism
Humanitarianism
Humanity
Humour
Hybrid
Hygiene
Sanitation
Mental health
Occupational health
Public health
Social hygiene
Hypergamy
Hypnotism
Assumption
Hypothesis
Heuristic assumption
Hysteria
Idealisme
Idealisme historique
Identification
Identification de classe
Identite
I
Idealism
Historical idealism
Identification
Class identification
Identity
549
INDICE AGREGATIF
deographie
deologie
dolStrie
dole
llegitimite
llusion
llusion
mage
magination
mbecile
mitation
mmaterialisme
mmigration
mmobilite
mmobilite du travail
mmobilite sociale
mmolation
mmoralite
mmortalite
mmunite
mpartialite
mperatifs culturels
mperatifs sociaux
mperception
mperialisme
mpot
mpressionnisme
mpulsion
mpulsion
mpulsion
nadaptabilite
ncantation
ncapacite
ncapacite
ncapacite
ncapacite d'exercer un travail
ncarnation
nceste
nclination
nclusion
nconscient
nconsistance
ncorrigibilite
ncurabilite
ndemnite
ndependance
ndeterminisme
ndice agregatif
Ideography
Ideology
Idolatry
Idol
Illegitimacy
Delusion
Illusion
Image
Imagination
Imbecile
Imitation
Immaterialism
Immigration
Immobility
Labour immobility
Social immobility
Blood sacrifice
Immorality
Immortality
Immunity
Impartiality
Imperatives of culture
Social imperatives
Imperception
Imperialism
Tax
Impressionism
Drive
Impulse
Impulsion
Inadaptability
Incantation
Disability
Incapacity
Inability
Unfitness for work
Incarnation
Incest
Tendency
Gradient
Unconscious
Inconsistency
Incorrigibility
Incurability
Indemnity
Independence
Indeterminism
Aggregative index
INDICE DE PROSPERITE
550
Indice de prosperity
Indifference
Indigence
Individualisme
Individuality
Induction
Industrialisation
Industrialisation rurale
Industrialisme
Industrie
Industrie de base
Industrie de transformation
Industrie domestique
Industrie domestique
Industrie domestique
Industrie extractive
Industrie intermittente
Industrie irreguliere
Industrie legere
Industrie locale
Industrie lourde
Industrie primaire
Industrie saisonniere
Industrie secondaire
Industrie tertiaire
Inefficacite
Inegalite
Inegalite sociale
Inemployabilite
Inertie culturelle
Inertie industrielle
Inertie sociale
Infanticide
Inference
Inference deductive
Inference inductive
Infirmite
Inflation
Influence
Information
Infraction
Infrastructure
Inimitie
Initiative
Injonction
Innovation
Inquietude
Inquietude
Prosperity index
Indifference
Indigence
Individualism
Individuality
Induction
Industrialization
Rural industrialization
Industrialism
Industry
Industry, basic
Industry, transforming
Homework, industrial
Industry, domestic
Outwork
Industry, extractive
Intermittent industry
Tramp industry
Industry, light
Industry, local
Industry, heavy
Industry, primary
Seasonal industry
Industry, secondary
Industry, tertiary
Inefficiency
Inequality
Social inequality
Unemployability
Inertia, cultural
Industrial inertia
Social inertia
Infanticide
Inference
Inference, deductive
Inference, inductive
Infirmity
Inflation
Influence
Information
Infringement
Infrastructure
Feud
Initiative
Injunction
Innovation
Fermentation
Unrest
551
INTIMIDATION
Inquietude sociale
Insecurite
Insociable
Inspection
Instability sociale
Instinct
Instinct de destruction
Instinct de mort
Instinct de vie
Institution
Institution
Institution
Institution economique
Institution sociale
Institutionnalisation
Institutions judiciaires
Institutions penales
Institutions sociales
Instruction
Instruction civique
Instrumental isme
Insurrection
Integration
Integration culturelle
Integration economique
Integration sociale
Intellectualisme
Intellectuels
Intelligence
Intelligence sociale
Intelligentsia
Intemperence
Intensite du peuplement
Intentionisme
Interaction
Interaction sociale
Interactionnisme
Interdependence
Interdiction
Interet
Interet general
Interets de classe
Internalisation
International isme
Internement
Interpretation
Interventionnisme
Intimidation
Social unrest
Insecurity
Unsocial
Inspection
Social instability
Instinct
Destruction instinct
Death instinct
Life instinct
Agency
Corporation
Institution
Economic institution
Social agency
Institutionalization
Legal institutions
Penal institutions
Social institutions
Learning
Civics
Instrumentalism
Insurrection
Integration
Cultural integration
Integration, economic
Social integration
Intellectualism
Intellectuals
Intelligence
Social intelligence
Intelligentsia
Addiction
Population density
Purposivism
Interaction
Social interaction
Interactionism
Interpendence
Inhibition
Interest
General interest
Class interests
Internalization
Internationalism
Internment
Interpretation
Interventionism
Intimidation
INTIMITE
552
Intimites
Intolerance
Introspection
Introversion
Intuition
Invalidity
Invasion
Inventaire
Invention
Investigation
Investigation
Investissement
Irrationalisme
Irregularite
Ivresse ••
Intimacy
Intolerence
Introspection
Introversion
Intuition
Deficiency
Invasion
Inventory
Invention
Inquiry
Investigation
Investment
Irrationalism
Irregularity
Drunkenness
Jargon
Jeu
Jeu
Jeu d'argent
Jeune
Jeune delinquant
Jeunesse
Jeux d'entreprises
Jour ferie
Journalisme
Jugement
Jugement
Jugement de valeur
Juridiction
Jurisprudence
Justice
Justice sociale
Justification
Juxtaposition
Jargon
Game
Play
Gambling
Fasting
Young delinquent
Youth
Games, business or management
Holiday
Journalism
Adjudication
Judgement
Judgement, value
Jurisdiction
Jurisprudence
Justice
Social justice
Justification
Juxtaposition
K
Kakistocratie
Katabolisme
Katabolisme social
Kermesse
Kibboutz
Kakistocracy
Katabolism
Social katabolism
Kermess
Kibbutz
553
LOCALISME
Kinesthesie
Kolkhoze
Komintern
Kurtoise
Kinetics
Kolkhoz
Komintern
Kurtosis
L
Labourage
Laicite
Laissez faire
Landlordisme absent
Langage
Latence
Latifundisme
Leaderance
Leaderance charismatique
Ligue
Legende
Legislation
Legislation ouvriere
Legislation sociale
Legitimite
Lesbianisme
Leninisme
Lesion
Levirat
Libation
Liberalisme
Liberte
Liberte
Liberte conditionnelle
Liberte d'association
Libertes civiles
Libertinisme
Libido
Libre disposition de soi-meme
Libres penseurs
Lien de f raternite
Lien mutuel
Ligne de regression
Lignee
Linguistique
Litterature
Liturgie
Localisation de I'industrie
Localisation du travail
Localisme
Tillage
Laicism
Laissez faire
Landlordism, absentee
Language
Latency
Latifundism
Leadership
Charismatic leadership
League
Legend
Legislation
Labour legislation
Social legislation
Legitimacy
Lesbianism
Leninism
Injury
Levirate
Libation
Liberalism
Freedom
Liberty
Probation
Freedom of association
Civil liberties
Libertinism
Libido
Self-determination
Freethinkers
Blood brotherhood
Bond, mutual
Regression line
Lineage
Linguistics
Literature
Liturgy
Localisation of industry
Labour, localisation of
Localism
LOCATAIRE AGRICOLE
554
Locataire agricole
Lock-out
Logement
Logique
Logistique
Longevite
Longevite
Loi
Loi d'airain d'oligarchie
Loi d'airain des salaires
Loi de parcimonie
Loi de proximite
Loi des grands nombres
Loi naturelle
Loi scientifique
Lois d'hygiene et de la securite
industrielle
Lois sur i'assistance publique
Loisirs
Lutte
Lutte
Lutte des classes
Luxe
Tenant-farmer
Lock out
Housing
Logic
Logistic
Life span
Longevity
Law
Iron law of oligarchy
Iron law wages
Parsimony, law of
Proximity, law of
Large numbers, law of
Natural law
Law, scientific
Factory laws
Poor laws
Spare time
Fight
Struggle
Class-struggle
Luxury
M
Machine
Macrocosme
Macrodirection
Macrosociologie
Magie
Magie noire
Main-d'osuvre
Mainmorte
Maintien
Maison de correction
Maison de la famille
Maftre et serviteur
Mai
Maladie
Maladie, aspect social de la
Maladie nerveuse
Maladies professionnelles
Malthusianisme
Mana
Mandat
Manie
Machine
Macrocosm
Macro management
Macrosociology
Magic
Black magic
Man power
Dead hand
Maintenance
Reformatory
Homestead
Master and servant
Evil
Disease
Illness, social aspect of
Nervous disorder
Occupational diseases
Malthusian theory
Mana
Mandate
Mania
555
MERCANTILISMS
Maniere
Manieres folkloriques
Manifestations
Manipulation
Manufacture
Marchandise
Marche
Marche de I'emploi
Marginalisme
Mariage
Mariage en groupe
Mariage mixte
Marxisme
Masochisme
Masse
Materialisme
Materialisme dialectique
Materialisme historique
Maternite
Mathematiques
Matriarcat
Matrice
Maturite
Maturite sociale
Mauvaise conduite
Mecanisation de I'agriculture
Mecanisme
Mecanisme de comportement
Mecanismes de defense
Medecin
Medecine legale
Medecine psychosomatique
Mediane
Mediation
Medienalisme
Megalomanie
Megalopole
Melancolie
Meliorisme
Memoire
Menage
Mendelisme
Mendicite
Mendicite
Mentalite prelogique
Mentalite prelogique
Mercantilisme
Mercantilisme
Manner
Folk-ways
Manifestations
Manipulation
Manufacture
Commodity
Market
Labour market
Marginalism
Marriage
Group marriage
Intermarriage
Marxism
Masochism
Mass
Materialism
Dialectical materialism
Historical materialism
Motherhood
Mathematics
Matriarchy
Matrix
Maturity
Social maturity
Misconduct
Mechanisation, agricultural
Mechanism
Mechanism, behavioural
Defense mechanisms
Doctor
Medicine, legal
Psychosomatic medicine
Median
Mediation
Medienalism
Megalomania
Megalopolis
Melancholia
Meliorism
Memory
Household
Mendelism
Begging
Mendicancy
Mind, prelogical
Prelogical mentality
Mercantilism
Profiteering
MERES OUVRIERES
556
Meres ouvrieres
Mesurage
Mesures palliatives
Mesures preventives
Mesures prophylactiques
Mesures sociales
Metaanthropologie
Metabolisme
Metabolisme social
Metahistoire
Metamorphose
Metapsychique
Metapsychologie
Metayage
Metempsycose
Methode
Methode atomique
Methode comparative
Methode de comparaison des facteurs
Methode de concordance
Methode de difference
Methode d'enseignement global
Methode de projection
Methode empirique
Methode genetique
Methode historique
Methode monographique
Methode scientifique
Methode synchronique
Methodologie
Metier
Metier
Metier
Metier
Metropole
Micro-direction
Microcosme
Microsociologie
Migration
Migration entre-Etats
Migration interieure
Milieu
Militarisme
Mimetisme
Mimodrame
Mineur
Minifundisme
Ministere
Working mothers
Measurement
Palliative measures
Preventive measures
Prophylactic measures
Social provisions
Metaanthropology
Metabolism
Social metabolism
Metahistory
Metamorphosis
Metapsychics
Meta psychology
Metayage
Metempsychosis
Method
Atomic method
Comparative method
Factor comparison method
Agreement, method of
Difference, method of
Whole learning
Projective method
Empirical method
Genetic method
Historical method
Case study method
Scientific method
Synchronic method
Methodology
Calling
Craft
Handicraft
Trade
Metropolis
Micro management
Microcosm
Microsociology
Migration
Inter-state migration
Internal migration
Milieu
Militarism
Mimetism
Role playing
Minor
Minifundism
Ministry
557
MOUVEMENT
Miscegnation
Mise en valeur des terrains
Misoneisme
Mobilisation economique
M obi lite du travail
Mobilite ecologique
Mobilite sociale
Modal ite
Mode
Mode
Modele
Modele
Moderne
Modernisation
Modernisme
Modification
Moeurs
Moi, le
Moi, le
Moi social, le
Monarchie
Monasticisme
Monde
Monde des apaches
Monisme
Monocratie
Monogamie
Monogenisme
Monographie
Monopole
Monotheisme
Monotonie
Morale
Moral
Moral anormal
Morale professionnelle
Morale protestante
Moralite
Morphologie
Morphologie sociale
Moron
Mort civile
Mortal ite enfantine
Mortalite infantile
Mortalite liee a la maternite
Motif
Motifs sociogeniques
Mouvement
Miscegnation
Reclamation
Misoneism
Mobilization, economic
Labour mobility
Mobility, ecological
Social mobility
Modality
Fashion
Mode
Model
Type
Date, up to
Modernization
Modernism
Alteration
Mores
Ego
Self
Social self
Monarchy
Monasticism
World
Underworld
Monism
Monocracy
Monogamy
Monogenism
Monography
Monopoly
Monotheism
Monotony
Ethics
Morale
Moral defectiveness
Ethics, professional
Protestant ethics
Morality
Morphology
Social morphology
Moron
Death, civil
Child mortality
Infant mortality
Maternal mortality
Motive
Sociogenic motives
Movement
MOUVEMENT CYCLIQUE
558
Mouvement cyclique
Mouvement de masse
Mouvement ouvrier
Mouvement populaire
Mouvement social
Mouvements d'union
Moyenne arithmetique
Moyenne geometrique
Moyenne harmonique
Moyenne quadratique
Moyennes statistiques
Moyens audiovisuels
Moyens de communication
Moyens de communication de masse
Moyens de production
Moyens visuels
Mulatre
Multimodale, courbe
Multipartisme
Multiplicateur
Musique
Mutation
Mutation sociale
Mutualisme
Mutualite
Mysticisme
Mythe
Mythologie
Mythomanie
Cyclical movement
Mass movement
Labour movement
Popular movement
Social movement
Pan movements
Arithmetic mean
Geometric mean
Harmonic mean
Quadratic mean
Averages, statistical
Audiovisual aids
Communication media
Mass-media
Means of production
Visual aids
Mulatto
Multi modal curve
Multipartism
Multiplier
Music
Mutation
Social mutation
Mutualism
Mutuality
Mysticism
Myth
Mythology
Mythomania
N
Narcissime
Narcotiques
Natalite
Nation
Nationalisation
Nationalisme
Nationalisme economique
Nationality
Nativisme
Naturalisation
Naturalisme
Nature humaine
Nature originale
Naturisme
Nazisme
Narcissism
Narcotics
Natality
Nation
Nationalization
Nationalism
Nationalism, economic
Nationality
Nativism
Naturalization
Naturalism
Human nature
Original nature
Naturism
Nazism
559
NUDISME
Necessiteux
Necromancie
Negativisme
Negociation
Negociation collective
Neo-colonisation
Neo-interventionnisme
Neo-malthusianisme
Neo-mercantilisme
Nepotisme
Neurasthenic
Neutrality
Nevrose, Psychoneurose
Nihilisme
Nirvdna
Niveau
Niveau d'accomplissement
Niveau d'aspiration
Niveau de revenu
Niveau de vie
Niveau social
Niveaux equitables du travail
Noblesse
Nomadisme
Nombre indice
Nominalisme
Nominalisme social
Nomination
Nomination
Non-alignement
Non-belligerance
Non-conformite
Non-violence
Normalite
Norme sociale
Note
Nourricerie
Nourriture
Nourriture
"Nous" collectif
"Nous" collectif
Nouveau riche
Nouvelle colonisation
Nouvelle mariee
Noyau social
Neuro-psychiatrie
Nucleation
Nudisme
Necessitous
Necromancy
Negativism
Negotiation
Collective bargaining
Neo-colonization
Neo-interventionism
Neo-malthusianism
Neo-mercantilism
Nepotism
Neurasthenia
Neutrality
Neurosis, Psychoneurosis
Nihilism
Nirvana
Standard
Level of achievement
Aspiration, level of
Level, income
Standard of living
Social standard
Fair labour standards
Nobility
Nomadism
Index number
Nominalism
Social nominalism
Appointment
Nomination
Non-alignment
Non-belligerency
Non-conformity
Non-violence
Normality
Norm, social
Score
Nursing
Diet
Food
In-group
We-group
Nouveau riche
Resettlement
Bride
Social nucleus
Neuro-psychiatry
Nucleation
Nudism
NUPTIALITE
560
Nuptialite
Nutrition
Nuptiality
Nutrition
o
Objectivisation
Objectivisme
Objectivite
Objet social
Obligation
Obscenite
Observation
Observation par participation
Obsession
Obsolescence
Occasionnalisme
Occultisme
Occupation
Occupation des emplois vacants
Offrande
Offices d'aide sociale a la famille
Office de consultation familiale
Offre
Ogive
Oligarchie
Oligopole
Omnipotence
Ontogenie
Ontologie
Operationnisme
Opinion de groupe
Opinion publique
Opportunisme
Opposition
Oppression
Optimisme
Ordalie
Ordonnance
Ordonnance
Ordre d'emprisonnement
Ordre public
Ordre social
Ordres fraternels
Orgie
Organisateur, I'
Organisation
Organisation administrative
Objectivisation
Objectivism
Objectivity
Social object
Obligation
Obscenity
Observation
Participant observation
Obsession
Obsolescence
Occasionalism
Occultism
Occupation
Deplacement
Offering
Family welfare agencies
Family guidance bureau
Supply
Ogive
Oligarchy
Oligopoly
Omnipotence
Ontogenesis
Ontology
Operationism
Opinion, group
Public opinion
Opportunism
Opposition
Oppression
Optimism
Ordeal
Enactment
Ordinance
Commitment
Order, public
Social order
Fraternal orders
Orgy
Organization man
Organization
Organization, administrative
561
PARASITISME SOCIAL
Organisation sociale
Organisation des affaires
Organisation communautaire
Organisation consultative
Organisation formelle
Organisation hierarchique
Organisation informelle
Organisation politique
Organisations des cultivateurs
Organisations internationales
Organisations patronales
Organicisme
Organisme
Organisme public
Organisme social
Orientation
Orientation des travailleurs vers les
emplois disponibles
Orientation pedagogique
Orientation professionnelle
Orientation sociale
Originality
Ossification sociale
Ostracisme
Otage
Outrage
Ouvrier
Ouvrier
Ouvrier
Social organization
Business organization
Community organization
Organization, staff
Organization, formal
Line organization
Organization, informal
Political organization
Farmers' organizations
International organizations
Employers' associations
Organicism
Organism
Public authority
Social organism
Orientation
Referral of workers
Guidance, educational
Guidance, vocational
Orientation, social
Originality
Social ossification
Ostracism
Hostage
Outrage
Blue collar-worker
Operative
Worker
Pacifisme
Paganisme
Paix
Palemologie
Paleogeographie
Paleontologie
Palingenesie
Panatheisme
Pansophisme
Paradigme
Parallelisme
Paralogisme
Paranoia
Parapsychologie
Parasitisme social
Pacifism
Paganism
Peace
Palemology
Paleogeography
Palaeoethnology
Palingenesis
Panatheism
Pansophism
Paradigm
Parallelism
Fallacy
Paranoia
Parapsychology
Social parasitism
PARENTE
562
Parente
Parente a plaisanterie
Parente bilaterale
Parente classificatoire
Parents
Pari
Parlementarisme
Parole
Parti
Parti unique
Partialite
Participation
Participation
Participation aux benefices
Particularisme
Parole d'honneur
Passivite
Pastoralisme
Paternalisme
Paternite
Paternite sociologique
Pathologie sociale
Patriotisme
Patronage
Pauvrete
Pauvrete
Payement des ouvriers en nature
Pays
Pays developpe
Paysage urbain
Paysan
Peche
Peche
Pedagogie
Peine
Peine capitale
Pelerinage
Penitence
Penitencier
Penologie
Pensee, la
Pensee sociale
Pension
Pension alimentaire
Pensions des veuves
Perception
Perfectionnisme
Permeabilite
Relationship
Joking relationship
Bilateral kinship
Classificatory kinship system
Kindred
Betting
Parliamentarism
Parole
Party
One-party system
Partiality
Participation
Partnership
Profit sharing
Particularism
Gentleman's agreement
Passivity
Pastoralism
Paternalism
Parenthood
Fatherhood, sociological
Social pathology
Patriotism
Patronage
Poverty
Pauperism
Truck system
Country
Developed country
Urban landscape
Peasant
Guilt
Sin
Pedagogics
Penalty
Death penalty
Pilgrimage
Penitence
Penitentiary
Penology
Thought
Social thought
Boarding house
Alimony
Widows' pensions
"ferception
Perfectionism
Permeability
563
PLANIFICATION SOCIALE
Persecution
Personnalisme
Personnalite
Personne
Personne morale
Personne valide
Personnel
Perspicacite
Persuation
Perversion
Perversions sexuelles
Pessimisme
Petite industrie
Petite noblesse
Petition
Peuple
Peuplement
Peuplement urbain
Pharmacie
Phenomenal isme
Phenomene
Phenomenes sociaux
Phenotype
Philanthropie
Philosophie
Philosophie de I'histoire
Philosophie sociale
Phobie
Phonetique
Phratrie
Phrenologie
Phylogenie
Physiocratie
Physiologie du travail
Physionomie
Physiotherapie
Placement
Plan de I'emploi du temps
Planification
Planification de la famille
Planification de la main-d oeuvre
Planification des villes
Planification economique
Planification locale
Planification nationale
Planification physique
Planification regionale
Planification sociale
Persecution
Personalism
Personality
Person
Person, moral
Able-bodied person
Staff
Insight
Persuasion
Perversion
Sexual perversions
Pessimism
Industry, small
Gentry
Petition
People
Settlement
Urban settlement
Pharmacy
Phenomenalism
Phenomenon
Social phenomena
Phenotype
Philanthropy
Philosophy
History, philosophy of
Social philosophy
Phobia
Phonetics
Phratry
Phrenology
Phylogenesis
Physiocracy
Physiology of labour
Physiognomy
Physiotherapy
Placement
Scheduling
Planning
Family planning
Manpower planning
City planning
Economic planning
Planning, local
National planning
Physical planning
Planning, regional
Planning, social
PLANTATIONS
564
Plantations
Plebiscite
Pluralisme
Plutocratie
Police
Politique
Politique, la
Politique de liberte
Politique d'isolement
Politique fiscale
Politique sociale
Pollution
Polyandrie
Polygamie
Polygenie
Polygenisme
Polygone de frequence
Polysyllogisme
Polytheisme
Populace
Population
Population active
Population active
Population dichotome
Population optimum
Population rurale
Population tributive
Pornographie
Position
Position choisie
Position sociale
Positivisme
Possede par I'esprit
Possibilisme geographique
Postcure
Poste vacant
Postulat
Postulat de base
Potlatch
Pouponniere
Pourboire
Poursuite
Pouvoir
Pouvoir d'achat
Pouvoir exclusif
Pouvoir legislatif
Pragmatisme
Pratique
Plantations
Plebiscite
Pluralism
Plutocracy
Police
Policy
Politics
Open door policy
Isolationism
Fiscal policy
Social Policy
Pollution
Polyandry
Polygamy
Polygeny
Polygenism
Frequency polygon
Polysyllogism
Polytheism
Mob
Population
Population, active
Working population
Dichotomous population
Optimum population
Rural population
Population, tribal
Pornography
Position
Choice-status
Social position
Positivism
Spirit possession
Possibilism, geographic
After care
Vacancy
Postulate
Postulate, basic
Potlatch
Nursery school
Gratuity
Prosecution
Power
Purchasing power
Exclusive power
Legislative authority
Pragmatism
Practice
565
PRODUIT ECONOMIQUE
Pratiques restrictives
Praxeologie
Preconception
Preconscience
Predestination
Prediction sociale
Predisposition
Predisposition aux accidents
Prehistoire
Prejudice
Premiere enfance
Premiere enfance
Premiere jeunesse
Preparation preprofessionnelle
Prescription
Pression sociale
Presse
Prestation
Prestige
Pretorianisme
Prets
Prevision
Prevision
Prevision de I'emploi
Prime de quantite
Primitivisme
Principe
Principe de I'exception
Principe de plaisir
Prison
Privation
Privation
Privilege
Prix
Prix de sang
Probabilisme
Probability
Probleme
Problemes sociaux
Procede de personnalisation
Proceduralisme
Procedures
Procedures judiciaires
Processus
Processus sociaux
Production
Productivity
Produit economique
Restrictive practices
Praxeology
Preconception
Preconscious
Predestination
Prediction, social
Predisposition
Accident proneness
Prehistory
Prejudice
Babyhood
Infancy
Boyhood
Prevocational preparation
Prescription
Social pressure
Press
Benefit
Prestige
Praetorianism
Loans
Forecasting
Foresight
Employment forecasting
Quantity bonus
Primitivism
Principle
Exception principle
Pleasure principle
Prison
Destitution
Deprivation
Privilege
Price
Blood wealth
Probabilism
Probability
Problem
Social problems
Personalizing process
Proceduralism
Procedures
Legal procedures
Process.
Social processes
Production
Productivity
Good, economic
PRODUIT
566
Produit
Profanation
Profession
Professionnalisme
Profit
Pronostic
Programmation
Programmation lineale
Programme d'etudes
Programme social
Programmes du developpement
Progres
Progres social
Progression geometrique
Progressivisme
Prohibition
Projection
Proletariat
Promiscuite
Promotion
Promotion
Promotion du personnel aux fonctions
vacantes
Propaganda
Propagande
Proposition
Propositions composees
Propositions conditionnelles
Propositions categoriques
Propositions simples
Propriete
Propriete
Propriete absente
Propriete collective
Propriete collective
Propriete commune
Prosperity
Prostitution
Protection de I'environnement
Protection des consommateurs
Protection des enfants
Protection des jeunes filles
Protection sociale de I'adolescence
Protectionnisme
Protectorat
Protocratie
Providence
Psychiatrie
Artifact
Profanity
Profession
Professionalism
Profit
Prognosis
Programming
Linear Programming
Curriculum
Social program
Programs, development
Progress
Social progress
Geometric progression
Progressivism
Prohibition
Projection
Proletariat
Promiscuity
Promotion
Upgrading
Bidding
Propaganda
Propitiation
Proposition
Propositions, composite
Propositions, conditional
Propositions, categorical
Propositions, simple
Ownership
Property
Absentee ownership
Collective property
Property, corporate
Common property
Prosperity
Prostitution
Environmental protection
Consumer protection
Child protection
Girls protection
Youth welfare
Protectionism
Protectorate
Protocracy
Providence
Psychiatry
567
RADIODIFFUSION
Psychodrame
Psychologie
Psychologie clinique
Psychologie d'education
Psychologie de I'enfant
Psychologie des anormaux
Psychologie fonctionnelle
Psychologie industrielle
Psychologie juridique
Psychologie sociale
Psychopathie
Psychopathologie
Psychophysique
Psychose
Psychose organique
Psychotherapie
Public, le
Puberte
Publicite
Publicite
Puissance creatrice
Punition
Purification
Puritanisme
Psychodrama
Psychology
Clinical psychology
Psychology, educational
Child psychology
Abnormal psychology
Functional psychology
Industrial psychology
Judicial psychology
Social psychology
Psychopathy
Psychopathology
Psychophysics
Psychosis
Organic psychosis
Psychotechnology
Psychotherapy
Public
Puberty
Publicity
Advertizing
Creativity
Punishment
Purification
Puritanism
Q
Quaker
Qualifications
Quantitativisme
Quarantaine
Querelle
Quasi groupe
Questionnaire
Questions sociales
Quorum
Quotient
Quaker
Qualifications
Quantitativism
Quarantine
Quarrel
Quasi group
Questionnaire
Social issues
Quorum
Ration
Race
Racisme
Radicalisme
Radiodiffusion
R
Race
Racism
Radicalism
Broadcasting
RADIODIFFUSION
568
Radiodiffusion
Raisonnement
Rancon
Rancon
Rang
Rang social
Rapport
Rapport
Rapport capital-travail
Rapport de probability
R arete
Rassemblements
Ratification
Rationalisation
Rationalisme
Rationnement
Reaction
Reaction
Reaction circulaire
Reactionnaire
Readaptation
Reajustement
Realisation de soi-meme
Realisme
Realisme social
Realite
Realite sociale
Rearmement moral
Rebellion
Recensement
Recherche descriptive
Recherche d'exploration
Recherches de I'opinion publique
Recherche de pilotage
Recherche documentaire
Recherche operationnelle
Recidivisme
Reciprocity
Recompense
Reconnaissance
Reconstruction sociale
Recreation
Recreation commerciale
Recrutement
Redemption
Reduction du personnel
Reductionnisme
Reeducation
Radio broadcast
Reasoning
Ransom
Wergeld
Rank
Social rank
Rapport
Report
Capital-labour ratio
Probability ratio
Scarcity
Assemblages
Ratification
Rationalization
Rationalism
Rationing
Response
Reaction
Circular reaction
Reactionary
Readaptation
Readjustment
Self-realization
Realism
Social realism
Reality
Social reality
Moral rearmament
Rebellion
Census
Descriptive study
Exploratory study
Opinion research
Pilot study
Documentary research
Operation research
Recidivism
Reciprocity
Reward
Recognition
Reconstruction, social
Recreation
Commercial recreation
Recruitment
Redemption
Backtracking
Reductionism
Re-education
569
RELATIONS PATERNELLES
Reemploi
Reentrafnement
Referendum
Reflexion
Reflexion
Reflexe
Reflexe conditionne
Reformation, la
Reforme
Reforme agraire
Reforme sociale
Reformisme
Refoulement
Refoulement social
Refugie
Regeneration
Regime economique
Regime foncier
Regimentation
Region
Region culturelle
Region de batisse
Region de caracterisation culturelle
Region de la ville
Region residentielle de la ville
Regionalisation metropolitaine
Regionalisme
Registre cumulatif
Regie de la majorite
Reglement interieur du travail
Reglementation de la natalite
Reglements
Reglements administratifs
Regression
Rehabilitation
Reification
Reincarnation
Rejection
Relation impersonnelle
Relation professionnelle
Relation sociale
Relations d'eloignement
Relations du travail
Relations humaines
Relations industrielles
Relations interpersonnelles
Relations menageres
Relations paternelles
Re-employment or re-engagement
Re-training
Referendum
Reflection
Thinking
Reflex act
Conditioned reflex
Reformation, the
Reform
Agrarian reform
Social reform
Reformism
Repression
Social repression
Refugee
Regeneration
Economy
Land tenure
Regimentation
Area
Cultural area
Built up area
Characterization, area of
City region
City settlement area
Metropolitan regionalization
Regionalism
Comulative record
Majority rule
Shop rules
Birth control
Bylaws
Regulations, administrative
Regression
Rehabilitation
Reification
Reincarnation
Rejection
Impersonal relationship
Professional relationship
Relation, social
Avoidance relationships
Labour relations
Human relations
Industrial relations
Interpersonal relations
Domestic relations
Parental relations
RELATIONS PUBLIQUES
570
Relations publiques
Relations secondaires
Relations sociales
Relativisme
Relativisme culturel
Relaxation
Reliability
Religion
Remuneration
Renaissance
Renaissance religieuse
Rendement
Rendement decroissant
Renforcement
Rente
Rentier
Renvoi
Renvoi
Reorganisation
Reorganisation sociale
Reparation
Repatriement
Reponse conditionnee
Representant des travailleurs
Representation
Representation des travailleurs
Representation fonctionnelle
Representation graphique
Representations collectives
Repression
Represailles
Reproduction
Republicanisme
Republique
Reseau industriel
Reserve de I'emploi
Residence
Residus
Residus culturels
Resistance
Resolution
Responsabilite
Responsabilite
Responsabilite
Responsabilite sociale
Ressemblance
Ressources
Ressources humaines
Public relations
Secondary relations
Sociation
Relativism
Relativism, cultural
Relaxation
Reliability
Religion
Remuneration
Renaissance
Revivals, religious
Output
Diminishing returns
Reinforcement
Rent
Rentier
Dismissal
Discharge
Reorganization
Social reorganization
Reparation
Repatriation
Conditioned response
Agency, shop
Representation
Employee representation
Functional representation
Graphic representation
Collective representations
Suppression
Reprisal
Reproduction
Republicanism
Republic
Industrial complex
Labour reserve
Residence
Residues
Cultural residues
Resistance
Resolution
Accountability
Liability
Responsibility
Social responsibility
Similarity
Resources
Human resources
571
ROLE ATTRIBUE
Ressources sociales
Restaurant
Resultat
Resurrection
Retablissement du mobilise
Retard culturel
Retard social
Retardement mental
Retenue de salaire pour le payement
d'une dette
Retraite
Retraite
Retroaction
Retroaction
Retroactivity
Retrogradation culturelle
Retrogression
Retrogression
Reunion
Revanche
Revelation
Revenu
Revenu
Revenu national
Reverie
RSves
Revisionnisme
Revival isme
Revocation
Revolution
Revolution agricole
Revolution commerciale
Revolution de la direction
Revolution d'organisation
Revolution industrielle
Revolution sociale
Richesse
Risques sociaux
Rite
Rites agricoles
Rites astronomiques
Rites d'enterrement
Rites d'initiation
Rites de naissance
Rites du mort
Ritualisme
Rivalite
Role attribue
Social resources
Restaurant
Score
Life, after
Reinstatement
Lag, cultural
Social lag
Retardation, mental
Garnishment
Retirement
Superannuation
Feed back
Retroaction
Retroactivity
Cultural lag
Backwardness
Retrogression
Meeting
Retaliation
Revelation
Income
Revenue
Income, national
Day dream
Dreaming
Revisionism
Revivalism
Revocation
Revolution
Agricultural revolution
Commercial revolution
Managerial revolution
Organizational revolution
Industrial revolution
Social revolution
Wealth
Social risks
Rite
Agricultural rites
Calendrical rites
Burial
Initiation rites
Birth rites
Death rituals
Ritualism
Rivalry
Role-ascribed
ROLE PRESCRIT
572
Role prescrit
Role social
Romanticisme
Rotation
Rotation du personnel
Routinisation ecologique
Royaume
Royaute divine
Rumeur
Rupture de fiancailles
Ruralisation
Rurbanisation
Rythme
Role-prescribed
Social role
Romanticism
Turnover
Labour turnover
Routinization, ecological
Kingdom
Divine kingship
Rumour
Disengagement
Ruralization
Rurbanization
Rhythm
Sabotage
Sacrifice
Sacrilege
Sadisme
Sagesse
Sagesse
Saintete
Saintete
Salaire
Salaire
Salaire equitable
Salaire minimum
Salaire nominal
Salaire social
Salut
Sanatorium
Sanction
Sanction judiciaire
Sanction sociale
Sanctuaire
Sans-abris
Sans but
Sans norme
Santo
Sortilege
Satisfaction sociale
Satyriasis
Sauvagerie
Scapulimancie
Scepticisme
Schema
Sabotage
Sacrifice
Sacrilege
Sadism
Judiciousness
Wisdom
Holiness
Sanctity
Salary
Wage
Just wage
Minimum wage
Nominal wage
Social wage
Salvation
Sanatorium
Sanction
Legal sanction
Social sanction
Sanctuary
Homelessness
Aimless
Normlessness
Health
Sortilege
Social satisfaction
Satyriasis
Savagery
Scapulimancy
Scepticism
Schema
573
SEPARATION DES POUVOIRS
Schizophrenic
Scolasticisme
Science
Science du gouvernement
Science economique
Sciences de la conduite humaine
Sciences humaines
Sciences sociales
Scientisme
Scrutin
Secession
Secours a domicile
Secours aux chdmeurs
Secretariat social
Sectarisme
Secte
Secteur public
Secteurs economiques
Secularisme
Securite collective
Securite de travail
Securite individuelle
Securite industrielle
Securite publique
Securite sociale
Sedentarisation
Sedition
Seduction
Segmentation
Segregation
Selection de I'epoux ou I'epouse
Selection naturelle
Selection professionnelle
Selection sociale
Semantique
Semi -interquartile
Seminaire
Senat
Senilite
Sens commun
Sensation
Sensualisme
Sentence
Sentence arbitrate
Sentiment
Sentiment
Sentiment collectif
Separation des pouvoirs
Schizophrenia
Scholasticism
Science
Statesmanship
Economics
Behavioral sciences
Humanities
Sciences, social
Scientism
Voting
Secession
Outdoor relief
Work relief
Social secretary
Sectarianism
Sect
Sector, public
Sectors, economic
Secularism
Collective security
Safety, industrial
Security, individual
Security, industrial
Security, public
Social security
Sedentarization
Sedition
Seduction
Segmentation
Segregation
Mote selection
Selection, natural
Selection, vocational
Selection, social
Semantics
Semi-interquartile range
Seminar
Senate
Senility
Common sense
Sensation
Sensualism
Sentence
Award
Feeling
Sentiment
Feeling, collective
Separation of powers
SERIES CHRONOLOGIQUES
574
Series chronologiques
Servage
Service
Service civil
Service consultatif dans les zones
agricoles
Service d'emploi
Service medico-social
Service social
Service social
Service social pour les delinquants
Service social psychiatrique
Service social rural
Service social scolaire
Service social scolaire
Service socio-medical
Services domestiques
Services de nourriture
Services sociaux pour les employes
Servitude
Sexualite
Sib
Signification
Signification statistique
Simplification du travail
Simulation de maladie
Singularisme
Singularisme sociologique
Situation
Situation sociale
Slogan
Snobisme
Sociabilite
Social
Socialisation
Socialisme corporatif
Socialisme de I'ltat
Socialisme fabien
Socialisme national
Socialisme reformiste
Socialisme scientifique
Socialisme utopique
Societariat
Societariat des groupes multiples
Societe
Societe de masse
Societe des secours mutuels
Societe des compagnons
Time series
Serfdom
Service
Civil service
Agricultural extention services
Employment office
Almoning
Social service
Social work
Delinquency social work
Psychiatric social work
Rural social work
Education welfare service
School social work
Medical social work
Domestic services
Food services
Personnel services
Servitude
Sexuality
Sib
Meaning
Significance, statistical
Work simplification
Malingering
Singularism
Sociological singularism
Situation
Social situation
Slogan
Snobism
Sociability
Social
Socialization
Guild socialism
State socialism
Fabian socialism
National socialism
Socialism of the chair
Socialism, scientific
Socialism, Utopian
Membership
Multigroup membership
Society
Mass society
Friendly society
Journeymen's society
575
SOUDARITE ORGANIQUE
Societe industrielle
Societe non stratifiee
Societe patriarcale
Societe paysanne
Socidte plurale
Societe primitive
Societe rurale
Societe sacree
Societe sans fetat
Societe scientif ique
Societe secrete
Societe seculaire
Societe statique
Societe stratifiee
Sociocratie
Socioculture
Sociodrame
Sociogramme
Sociographie
Sociolatrie
Sociologie
Sociologie appliquee
Sociologie biologique
Sociologie clinique
Sociologie d'entreprise
Sociologie de I'art
Sociologie de la connaissance
Sociologie de ('organisation
Sociologie de religion
Sociologie educative
Sociologie formelle
Sociologie historique
Sociologie industrielle
Sociologie medicale
Sociologie politique
Sociologie professionnelle
Sociologie regionale
Sociologie rurale
Sociologie urbaine
Sociologisme
Sociometrie
Sodomie
Soins
Soins dans les foyers
Soins d'une garde-malade
Solidarite
Solidarite
Solidarite organique
Industrial society
Society, classless
Patriarchal society
Peasant society
Plural society
Primitive society
Rural society
Sacred society
Stateless society
Learned society
Secret society
Secular society
Static society
Society, class
Sociocracy
Socioculture
Sociodrama
Sociogram
Sociography
Sociolatry
Sociology
Sociology, applied
Biological sociology
Clinical sociology
Plant, sociology of
Sociology of art
Sociology of knowledge
Sociology of organization
Sociology of religion
Sociology, educational
Formal sociology
Sociology, historical
Sociology, industrial
Sociology, medical
Sociology, political
Sociology, occupational
Regional sociology
Sociology, rural
Sociology, urban
Sociologism
Sociometry
Sodomy
Care
Residential care
Nursing
Solidarity
Togetherness
Organic solidarity
SOLIDARITE SOCIALE
576
Solidarite sociale
Solipsisme
Sommeil
Somnambulisme
Sondage a choix raisonne
Sondage areolaire
Sophisme
Sophistication
Sorcellerie
Sorcerie
Sorcier
Sororat
Soumission
Sources de champs
Source d'information
Sources historiques
Sous-alimentation
Sous-alimentation
Sous-developpement
Sous-peuplement
Sous-production
Soutien de famille
Souverainete
Souverainete nationale
Specialisation
Specialites culturelles
Specifications des fonctions
Speculation
Spiritisme
Spiritualisme
Sport
Stabilisateurs economiques
Stabilisation de I'emploi
Stabilite sociale
Stade des collecteurs
Stades de developpement
Stagnation economique
Stakhanovisme
Standardisation
Statique
Statique sociale
Statistique
Statistique du travail
Statistiques parametriques
Statistiques sociales
Statistiques vitales
Statut
Statut formel
Social solidarity
Solipsism
Sleep
Somnambulism
Purposive sampling
Area sample
Sophism
Sophistication
Witchcraft
Sorcery
Medicine man
Sororate
Submission
Field sources
Source of information
Historical sources
Malnutrition
Undernourishment
Underdevelopment
Underpopulation
Underproduction
Breadwinner
Sovereignty
Home rule
Specialization
Specialties, cultural
Job specifications or qualifications
Speculation
Spiritism
Spiritualism
Sport
Stabilizers, economic
Employment stabilization
Social stability
Collecting food stage
Developmental stages
Stagnation, economic
Stakhanovism
Standardization
Static
Social statics
Statistics
Labour statistics
Parametric statistics
Social statistics
Vital statistics
Statute
Status, formal
577
SURHOMME
Statut officieux
Statut personnel
Statut social
Stereotype
Sterilisation
Stimulant
Stimulant
Stimulant social
Stimulants de la production
Stimulants economiques
Strategie
Stratification
Stratification sociale
Structuralisme
Structure
Structure de base de la personnalite
Structure de caractere
Structure de classe
Structure du groupe
Structure officieuse
Structure sociale
Style
Subconscience
Subculture
Subgroupe
Subjectivisme
Sublimation
Subordination
Subsistance
Subvention
Subvention
Succession
Suffrage
Suggestion
Suicide
Sujet
Superego
Superindividuel
Supernaturalisme
Superordination
Superorganique
Superstition
Super-structure
Supersysteme
Supervalence sociale
Surconformite
Surdite
Surhomme
Status, informal
Civil status
Status, social
Stereotype
Sterilization
Incentive
Stimulus
Social stimulus
Incentives, production
Economic incentives
Strategy
Stratification
Social stratification
Structuralism
Structure
Basic personality culture
Character structure
Class-structure
Group structure
Informal structure
Social structure
Style
Subconscious
Subculture
Sub-group
Subjectivism
Sublimation
Subordination
Subsistence
Subsidy
Subvention
Succession
Suffrage
Suggestion
Suicide
Self
Superego
Superindividual
Supernaturalism
Superordination
Superorganic
Superstition
Super-structure
Supersystem
Social supervalent
Overconformity
Deafness
Superman
SURORGANISATION
578
Surorganisation
Surplus
Surpopulation
Surproduction
Surproduction
Surrealisme
Surveillance
Survivance
Survivance marginale
Survivance sociale
Syllogisme
Syllogisme hypothetique
Syllogisme hypothetique mixte
Symbiose
Symbols
Symbole social
Symbolisme
Sympathie
Symposium
Symptdme
Syncretisme
Syndicalisme
Syndicat
Syndicat
Syndicat de I'entreprise
Syndicat des travailleurs
Syndicat ferme
Syndicat general
Synergie
Synthese
Systeme
Systeme de chafne
Systeme de classe ouverte
Systeme de jury
Systeme de libre entreprise
Systeme de I'industrie domestique
Systeme de I'industrie domestique
Systeme de pa rente
Systeme de tenure
Systeme des corporations
Systeme devaluation des fonctions
par les points
Systeme du travail dans les fabriques
Systeme ecologique
Systeme externe
Systeme interne
Systeme legal
Systeme seigneurial
Overorganization
Surplus
Over-population
Overproduction
Superproduction
Surrealism
Supervision
Survival
Marginal survival
Social survival
Syllogism
Syllogism, hypothetical
Syllogism, mixed hypothetical
Symbiosis
Symbol
Social symbol
Symbolism
Sympathy
Symposium
Symptom
Syncretism
Syndicalism
Syndicate
Union
Company union
Trade union
Closed union
General union
Synergy
Synthesis
System
Chain system
Open class system
Jury system
Free enterprise system
Domestic system
Putting out system
Kinship system
Leasehold system
Guild system
Point rating system
Factory system
Ecosystem
External system
Internal system
Legal system
Manorial system
579
TESTAMENT
Systeme social
Systemes d'assistance
Social system
Assistance schemes
Table de mortal ite
Tableaux spectraux
Tableaux statistiques
Tabou
Tabulation
Tache
Tactique
Talent
Talion
Talisman
Tatouage
Taudis
Tautologie
Taux d'engagement
Taux de la naissance
Taux de morbidite
Taux de mortalite
Taux de mortalite
Taylorisme
Technocratie
Technologie
Teleologie
Teleologie sociale
Telepathie
Television
Temperament
Temps perdu dans le travail
Temps social
Tendance centrale
Tendance non bureaucratique
Tendance seculaire
Tendance sociale
Tension
Tentation
Tenure
Temps social
Terre marginale
Territoire
Territoire sous tutelle
Terrorisme
Test
Testament
Life table
Ghost tables
Statistical tables
Taboo
Tabulation
Task
Tactics
Talent
Talion
Talisman
Tattoo
Slums
Tautology
Accession rate
Birth rate
Morbidity rate
Death rate
Mortality rate
Taylorism
Technocracy
Technology
Teleology
Social teleology
Telepathy
Television
Temperament
Dead time
Time, social
Central tendency
Non-bureaucratic tendency
Secular trend
Social trend
Tension
Inducement
Holding
Social time
Land, marginal
Territory
Trusteeship territory
Terrorism
Test
Will
TESTS D'ACCOMPLISSEMENT
580
Tests d'accomplissement
Tests de capacite
Tests mentaux
Theatre
Theisme
Theocratie
Theologie
Theorie
Theorie de I'Action sociale
Theorie de conflit
Theorie d'echantillonnage
Theorie de jeu
Theorie de la quantite de monnaie
Theorie de Lombroso
Theorie de machine
Theorie du champ
Theorie sociologique
Theories zonales
Theosophie
Therapie
Therapie professionnelle
Thesaurisation
Tolerance
Topie
Topographie
Topologie de I'espace
Totalitarisme
Totem
Totemisme
Tourisme
Tradition
Traditionalisme
Traditions orales
Traditions sociales
Trait
Trait culturel
Trait social
Traite
Traite des blanches
Traitement dans I'assistance individuelle
Traitement social
Transcendantalisme
Transfert
Transfert
Transformisme
Transhumance
Transmission sociale
Transportation
Achievement tests
Ability tests
Mental tests
Theater
Theism
Theocracy
Theology
Theory
Action theory, social
Conflict theory
Sampling theory
Games, theory of
Quantity theory of money
Lombrosian theory
Machine theory
Field theory
Sociological theory
Zonal theories
Theosophy
Therapy
Occupational therapy
Hoarding
Toleration
Topia
Topography
Topology, field
Totalitarianism
Totem
Totemism
Tourism
Tradition
Traditionalism
Oral traditions
Social traditions
Trait
Culture trait
Social trait
Treaty
Slavery, white
Treatment in case work
Social treatment
Transcendentalism
Transference
Transfer
Transformism
Transhumance
Social transmission
Transportation
581
TYPE
Travail
Travail a la chafne
Travail de nuit
Travail d'equipe
Travail de routine
Travail des enfants
Travail des enfants
Travail determine
Travail force
Travail non remunere
Travail obligatoire
Travail occasionnel
Travail par equipe
Travail predateur
Travail repetitif
Travail social avec les groupes
Travail social avec les groupes
Travail social familial
Travail supplementaire
Travail surabondant ou surcharge
Travailleur
Travailleur agricole
Travailleur agricole
Travailleur marginal
Travailleur non qualifie
Travailleur occasionnel
Travailleur pour son compte
Travailleur semi-qualifie
Travailleur social dans le group work
Travailleurs aborigenes
Travailleurs faisant partie du syndicat
Travailleurs migrateurs
Travailleurs participants a la recolte
Travaux forces
Tribu
Tribunal
Tribunal
Troc
Tropisme
Trouble
Trouble
Troupe
Troupeau humain
Trust
Tutelle
Tutelle
Tuteur
Type
Labour
Assembly line
Night work
Team work
Routine work
Child labour
Child labour
Job
Forced labour
Death work
Labour, compulsory
Occasional labour
Shift work
Labour, predatory
Repetitive work
Social group work
Group, work
Family social work
Overtime
Overwork
Labourer
Labourer, agricultural
Agricultural worker
Labourer, marginal
Unskilled worker
Casual labour or worker
Self-employed
Semi-skilled worker
Group worker
Indigenous population
Organized labour
Migrant labour
Share-cropper
Hard labour
Tribe
Court
Tribunal
Barter
Tropism
Disturbance
Fermentation
Folk
Herd, human
Trust
Guardianship
Trusteeship
Guardian
Pattern
TYPE DE COMPORTEMENT
582
Type de comportement
Type de culture
Type ideal
Type social
Type social
Types de consommation de la nourriture
Typologie
Tyrannie
Tzigane
Unanimite
Unanimite
Uniformite
Unilineaire
Unite
Unite de negociation
Unite sociale
Universalisme
Universaux
Urbanisation
Urgence
Usage
Usage des terrains
Usure
Utilitarisme
Utilite
Utilites publiques
Utopie
Vagabondage
Vagabondage juvenile
Valeur
Valeur economique
Valeurs sociales
Validite
Valuation objective
Variables
Variations
Variations accidentelles
Vendetta
Vengeance '
Vengeance
Verification
Verification des questions ouvrieres
V
Behaviour pattern
Culture pattern
Ideal type
Social pattern
Social type
Food consumption patterns
Typology
Tyranny
Gypsy
u
Consensus
Unanimity
Uniformity
Unilineal
Unity
Bargaining unit
Social unity
Universalism
Universals
Urbanization
Emergency
Usage
Land use
Usury
Utilitarianism
Utility
Public utilities
Utopia
Vagrancy
Vagrancy, juvenile
Value
Value, economic
Social values
Validity
Valuation, objective
Variables
Variations
Accidental variations
Vendetta
Blood vengeance
Revenge
Verification
Personnel audit
583
ZERO DE PRODUCTIVITE
Vertu
Vice
Vie productive de I'individu, la
Vie sociale
Vieillesse
Vieillissement
Village
Ville
Ville commerciale
Ville de residence
Ville industrielle
Ville principale
Viol
Violence
Vitalisme
Vocation
Vceu
Voisinage
Volonte
Volonte generale
Volonte libre
Volume de la famille
Volontarisme
Vote au scrutin
Vote au scrutin
Vote des femmes
Virtue
Vice
Production life
Social life
Age, old
Aging
Village
Town
City, commercial
City, residential
City, industrial
City, primate
Rape
Violence
Vitalism
Vocation
Vow
Neighbourhood
Will
General will
Free will
Family size
Voluntarism
Ballot
Secret ballot
Female suffrage
Weltanschauung
Xenocentrisme
Xenodochium
Xenogamie
Xenoglossophilie
Xenophobie
w
X
Weltanschauung
Xenocentrism
Xenodochium
Xenogamy
Xenoglossophilia
Xenophobia
Y
Yoga
Yoga
Zele
Zero de productivity
Zeal
Zero efficiency
ZODIAQUE co ,
584
Zodiac » ue Zodiac
Zona 9 e Zoning
Zone Zone
Zone anormale x Abnormal place
Zone interstitielle Interstitial area
Zoogeographie Zoogeography
Zoolatrie Zoolatry
Zoosociologie Zoosociology
585
Ana. = Analogue «jL^ J»« oli i-JT
Ant. = Antonym ik.li* jl i^iL. i-JT
cf. = Confer e_Jl»iji>;i
cp. = Compare jjl»
etc. (et cetera) = and so forth »j>-\ <JI
ed. = edition <*J»
Ibid. (Ibidem) = in the same place JjUI «^ll
Idem = the same J;LJI «^l
Loc. cit. (Loco citato) = in the place cited
No. (Nomero) = Number jJp
op. cit, (opere citato) = in the work cited J;LJI «r^
P. = Page ~i>Jv>
P.P. = Pages oUJ^>
P.S. (Post scriptum) = Postscript IJA*-
Pub. = Published jj^-«
q.v. (quad vide) = which see iJ^JI oi* ^1
Repr. = Reprinted «*i> J^l
Rep. = Report j.J*
tit. = Title J*»» - j|^
S.h.v. (sub hoc verbo) = under this word iJ^Jl oi* o*J
S.V. (sub voce) = under the word or title jlyjJI _>l U&\ o*J
Supra = above «^l
Syn. = Synonym *ii\y> i-JT
U.S. (Ut supra) = as above o*^pl ?wi^y» L^
Vid (vide) = see _A*I
V. = Volume ■*!#
Vols. = Volumes olaLf
586
^f - ^o^ J, — s)i jb - jl> j-i_i j_^ j^i jsi^i - 5^41 ijjA\ ity^ -
. W\hl\\oV-\>l\ oluUil - iuujlj, JLJUJl oUlk^all fcj*>c« - i_jyjl iilJI
jj^i ilapl - i*Ua r , j|l oUJUa-a l l ^^li - ij^JI ^ ij_^j£ i^l^-VI OjliJI 3jlj_> -
— Birau, Allain.
Vocabulaire pratique des sciences sociales.
Edition Economie et Humanisme, Paris 1966.
— Gould, Julius & Kolb, William I. (Editors)
A Dictionary of the Social Sciences — Tavistock Publications — London
1964.
— Seligman, E., (Editor).
Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences.
The Macmillan Co., New York, 1 950.
— Sills, David I. (Editor).
International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences.
The Macmillan Co. & The Free Press, N. Y. 1 968.
— Suavet, Thomas.
Dictionnaire economique et social.
Economie et Humanisme, Paris 1962.
587
<s>\&y\ pJUilj <-»IjV!j 0>il> i>jJ (/^ o-^ 1 " t 1 *^^' (^ AUi!, C>Wla-A» >i>
. >^V>
c ^i ^.1,11 .i* j**w N) . ^«r f »Ji - ai x* ^-M ^ - JUST'S' ^ *b> -
— Cazeneuve, Jean et Victoroff, David.
Dictionnaire de Sociologie — Denoel — Paris 1 970.
— Fairchild, Henry Pratt.
Dictionary of Sociology, New York 1944.
— Mitchell G. Duncan.
A Dictionary of Sociology.
Routdlege Et Kegan Paul, London 1 968.
— Theodorson, G. & Achilles G. Theodorson.
Modern Dictionary of Sociology, Apollo Editions, N. Y. 1964.
— Williams, Emilio.
Dictionnaire de Sociologie.
Librairie Marcel Riviere Et Cie., Paris 1 970.
— Zodrozny, John.
Dictionary of Social Science.
Public Affairs Press, Washington, D.C. 1 959.
•u^li - r
. mv <-*iM ^Ua* jb - 0i>!>
. (ouiks^ii ^j, ju»->i jijla j-^i M) mv (^-(ij^'-Lj/)
— Maurice Kendall & William Buckland.
A Dictionary of Statistical Terms.
Published for the International Statistical Institute by
Oliver Et Boyd — Edinburgh.
Third Edition 1971.
588
JjMII - i
. m^ ^j*i\ jCill jb - ^jid- juy. - 5>MI1 oUlh,^ JJi -
— Johannsen, H. & Robertson A.B.
Management Glossary.
Longman Group Ltd., London 1968.
aUiMl - o
. Ul» &-bJI SytUll i^U — ^»p Cxr>- jj^z ~ hlLai*i\ oWlk^all i£j~>y> —
. ^ ^v^ i^ali a-^ji j\i - <£>ijJi j£\j jj^i - iiUai^i fcj^It -
— Romeuf, Jean
Dictionnaire des Sciences Economiques.
P. V. F. Paris 1 956.
— Seldon, Arthur, & Pennance F.G.
Everyman's Dictionary of Economics.
T. M. Dent & Sons Ltd., London 1 965.
— Sloan, Harold S. & Zurcher, Arnold J.
Dictionary of Economics.
Barnes & Noble, Inc. N. Y. 1 970.
cSykji-l X&a .2 l^rj - ^Jl^Jy* «&_! jaJi; - jjgljd\j LrjJ>j"ifl ObJk^aa ^y\d -
. ^VY ^ cJjUll jb - ^liJI j-^ .jj
— Winick, Charles.
Dictionary of Anthropology.
Littlefield Adams & Co., 1968.
jt-UJlj ijjdl - V
jlf Ml 4^£. jL^jJI ^ X*3*A jj£j<i\ l^y - jAj Jeilj jlOp.1 - Ijjjl <j;yi tyf ^ylj -
. mi i^all
— Good, Carter V. Editor.
Dictionary of Education.
McGraw-Hill Book Cy. Inc.
N.Y. 2nd. Ed. 1959.
589
• ^1f cj^)l £&\ jb - dy <-*-y. jj^-jJI - 4JljV«Jl Qb Jk ^l |Ww -
— Moore, W. G.
A Dictionary of Geography.
Penguin Books, London 1 949.
i^U»*i\ £«J£jl oUJikA* ^ww - ijxSL-Ml, ;u\^l oUoiJI jj^J Jp^ll ^-Ul -
— Clegg, Joan.
Dictionary of Social Services.
Pedford Square Press, London 1 971 .
— Morris, Robert. (Editor).
Encyclopedia of Social Work.
National Association of Social Workers, N.Y. 1971.
— Zapf, Karl.
Dictionary of Social Work.
Carl Heymanns Verlag Kg., Kbln 1 961 .
^Us^i £Uj]i - \ •
Branham, Vernon Co. & Kutash, Samuel B. (Editors).
Encyclopedia of Criminology.
Philosophical Library, N. Y. 1 949.
Uil/f^wjJl - \ \
Sy»UII - yJI, ^LkU ^1 ^l&l j\i JUI ^/Jl jlp jj^jJI^ (^iliJI xll xp jj^jJI
i-LJt - \Y
.\^"M j!AAI jb - Ojj+~j ^j*} J^IT - i-Tlpi^l J^l i&y>y
. \^ey £ r A.\ i_jh£jl jb - ^jJjSL-^I _,** i^; cjj> jijlT .j .j <Ju!b - i^-iJl j-y^l*
590
Dunner, Joseph
Dictionary of Political Science.
Vision Press Ltd., London 1 965.
Elliott, Florence.
A Dictionary of Politics, Penguin Books, London 1969.
Piano, Jack C. & Greenberg, Milton.
The American Political Dictionary.
Holt, Rinehart and Winston, N.Y. 1963.
JU*!ij J*aJI - \r
■ 0^-Jr^)\^V^ gj_>-b jfi-u^ij^oll :>UpI- J^loWUo.A.^li-oyJl J^JI Juk- -
— Casselman, P. H.
Labour Dictionary.
Philosophical Library, N. Y. 1 949.
— Sarrut, Jean.
Dictionnaire Social Permanent.
Editions Legislatives et Administratives, Paris 1 950.
UJjb\ - \l
~ Cf.J^i ^ *)? ~*~*rj Oy~*jJ>\ .I .£• \*jij*J Jp u>ji\ - S^fl^tll 4jdJUJl iey^S -
.\\\r - hjA\ >fVI ifC
J^ ^Ul ^l ilapl - aaJLjJI oWUa-A. - v^VI p^Jlj v b ^ ^ ^ (>^' o-^r' ~
.mi 5_^Li!l - ji^
. m^ S^*UJI - jJj; L-^SC - JJ/-JJ pT tj»-*ji - jji-JLiJl j»wJit
— Cuvillier, A.
Petit Vocabulaire de la langue philosophique.
Librairie Armand Colin,. Paris 1 948.
— Goblot, Edmond.
Le Vocabulaire Philosophique.
Librairie Armand Colin, Paris 1 924.
— Julia, Didier.
Dictionnaire de la Philosophie.
Librairie Larousse 1 964.
— Laland, Andre.
Vocabulaire Technique et Critique de la Philosophie.
Librairie Felix A/can, Paris 1 926.
591
— Rosenthal, N. & Yudin, P.
A Dictionary of Philosophy.
Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1967.
— Runes, Dagobert D.
Dictionary of Philosophy — Peter Owen, London 1 970.
J^iUJl - \ e
. ^y 0)^0 - jU kp^> - JjjUJ! jL-L. ^jb- - J^itfJl j**U
— Burke, John.
Straud's Judicial Dictionary.
Sweet & Maxwell Ltd., London 1952.
— Griolet, Gaston & Verge, Charles.
Dictionnaire pratique de Droit — Lib. Dalloz, Paris 1928.
— Osborn, P. G.
A Concise Law Dictionary.
Sweet Et Maxwell, London 1 964.
— Perraud — Charmantier, A.
Petit Dictionnaire de Droit.
Librairie Generate de Droit et de Jurisprudence, Paris 1 948.
— Sanders, John, R.
Mozley & Whiteley's Law Dictionary — Butterworths 1 970.
j-^JI j*
n
-\^V> - Ojjy. - ^>JJ JL*il jli - J»U >l» jjxTi - ^-^ dJl J* ^ww
— Chaplin, J. P.
Dictionary of Psychology — Dell Publishing Co. Inc., N.Y. 1971.
— Drever, James.
A Dictionary of Psychology — Penguin Books — Middlesex 1 956.
— English, Horace B. & English, Ava Champney.
A Comprehensive Dictionary of Psychological & Psychoanalytical
Terms.
— Harriman, Ph. L.
Dictionary of Psychology — Peter Owen, London 1972.
— Sillamy, Norbert.
Dictionnaire de la Psychologie, Larousse, Paris 1967.
— Warren, Howard.
Dictionary of Psychology.
Houghton Mifflin Co.
Cambridge, Massachusetts 1 962.
Page
VI Epigraph l~sl» ajLe-
XIII Introduction ijjlSO^I iijjlj i.oi«
XVII ^ _^U j, JjVl fJtfl
513 ^l j* dJliJl ^-iJl
515 Glossaire Frangais-Anglais ij-JjiJI iJliWl o^
585 ^.j^i ^iji^A, iSUsLt ij^NI Ol^l
VII
XII
1-454
455
457
586
XII
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