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Bv3^3A c2.r/7.'
HARVARD COLLEGE
LIBRARY
FROM THB FUND OP
CHARLES MINOT
CLASS OF x8l8
o-
REMAINS
HISTORICAL & LITERARY
CONNECTED WITH THE PALATINE COUNTIES OF
LANCASTER AND CHESTER
PUBLISHED BY
THE CHETHAM SOCIETY.
VOL. XVII.
PRINTED FOR THE CHETHAM SOCIETY.
M.DCCC.XLIX.
' t -x
V-'
V
JAN 22 1B90
Mac Chester.
Printed "by CbarleB Siicms & Co.
•. ,H
\
Ok
^
(Douncfl.
JAMES CROS8LBT, Esii.. Pbksident.
RBV. RICHARD PARKINSON. B.D.. F.8.A., CaMON OF I
PBiNctriL Of 8r. Bkks GOLLeat. VicsPaBiiDieriT
THE VERT REV. GEOROE HULL BOWERS. RD., Dl
RET. THOMA8 CORSER. M.A.
REV. QBOROB DUOARD, M.A.
EDWARD HAWKINB, F.R.a., F.S.A., F.L.8.
THOMAS HEY WOOD. F.8.A.
W, A. HULTON.
R6T. J. PICCOPE. M.A.
RBT. F. R. RAINES, M.A., F.&A.
THE VEN. JOHN RUSHTON, D.D., ABCHDBACo.i of M
SAMUEL HIBBERT WARE. F.RS.E., &C- &C
WILLIAM LANOTON. TsEiauRER.
WILLIAM FLEMINO. M.D., Hon. f
\
— M
WARRINGTON
IN
M.CCCC.LXV.
AS DSSOfilBED IN A
CJONTBMPORABT EBNT ROLL OF THE LEGH FAMILY, IN THE
POSSESSION OF THOMAS LEGH, ESQUIRE,
OF LYME PARE.
BDITXD BY
WILLIAM BEAMONT, ESQ.
PRINTED FOR THE CHETHAM SOCIETY.
M.DCCC.XLIX.
Mancb««tn-|
Printed by Cbaxtei Sinuna and Co.
INTRODUCTION.
In the year 79 of the Christian sera, the once flourishing
and populous city of Pompeii was suddenly overwhelmed
and entombed by a deep shower of ashes and scoria thrown
out during an eruption of Vesuvius. From that time until
less than a century from our own day, this gay city of a
sunny clime, with its inhabitants, their arts, their treasures,
their public and private buildings, and much of their do-
mestic history, lay deeply imbedded beneath the black and
heavy pall which had thus suddenly and unexpectedly de-
scended upon them. But although the history of this
terrible calamity had been handed down by the pen of
an elegant writer, himself an eye-witness of the event, no
adventurous or curious explorer appears to have attempted
to discovei', or resuscitate the buried city, until the year a.d.
1756. From that time to the present, the work of exca-
vation and restoration has gone on; and the traveller, who
is privileged to tread the deserted streets of this once busy
city, reads, in vivid characters, what was its state and con-
dition seventeen hundred years ago. Passing a long line of
ancient tombs, the last resting places of a generation who
had passed away before the eruption, and who slept in their
IV INTEODUCTION.
marble abodes, unconscious of its appalling ravages, he
enters the place by one of its original gateways, —
''He stands within the city disinterred^
And hears the autumnal leaves^ Uke light foot£Alls
Of spirits passing through the streets/'
Shelley, vol. iii. p. 82.
In the tracks worn in the pavements, the flint bears witness
how long, and how well frequented the streets had been by
an equestrian throng, before the period when the city was
destroyed. He enters this or that dwelling-house, distin-
guished by the character of its architecture, or the richness
of its decorations. He admires the splendour of the forum,
the magnificence of the theatres, or the majesty of their
temples; and, beholding on every side the multiplied traces
of ancient and advanced art, the truth of the wise man's
observation forcibly recurs to him, that there is nothing
new under the sun. But the wonder and surprise which
seized the first explorers of Pompeii, on revisiting its buried
recesses, may be more easily conceived than described. An
interval of more than fifteen hundred years was at once
obliterated, and the discoverers saw before them, in all their
vividness, the habits and abodes of a generation of men
who were separated fi*om themselves by the sea of many
ages. Transported thus suddenly back, they were able to
identify the names and abodes of the former occupants of
the city; they would see and admire their domestic eco-
nomy, and their skill in the fine arts ; and would grow at
once familiar with their streets, their trades, their religious
rites, their superstitions, and their tombs!
INTRODUCTION. V
This book, presenting to the reader Warrington as it
existed during the Wars of the Roses» offers a few traits of
resemblance to the recovery of Pompeii, and affords at the
same time a greater number of strong points of contrast.
Laid by for a period of nearly four hundred years, it is now
by the kindness of its owner, Thomas Legh, Esq., of Lyme,
offered to the Society; and, in its pages, our distant ances-
try become familiar to us in their names, their occupations,
their money, their habitations, their customs, and their reli-
gious worship. Theatres, and the fine arts, are found only
in Pompeii, — cemeteries and tombs, are met with both
there and in Warrington !
The work, of which a small portion is now offered to the
Society, contains a full and minute enumeration of the par-
ticulars of the large property at that time belonging to the
Leghs; from which is here extracted all that relates to
Warrington, and the immediate neighbourhood. Some
account of the book itself will not be out of place, before
we proceed to examine its contents. The book is a small
folio in size, and extends over three hundred and thirty-
three pages of vellum. It is written throughout principally
in the same hand, but there are occasional alterations, indi-
cated by the colour of the ink and a variation in the
writing, which must have proceeded from some other scribe.
The character of the hand-writing bears a resemblance to,
and yet differs from, the writing in which deeds were then
written; it is a sort of law character, in undress, — such as
an educated gentleman of that day, would almost necessar
rily be taught to use. It is strong, legible, and plain, and
VI INTRODUCTION.
minutes like the following occurring in various places,
shew that it has been carefuUy examined by the writer.
As for instance, at pages 218 and 236 of the original,
we read "corrigitur istuc;" and at page 260, "corrigitur
hucusque." It is bound in a strong original binding,
which is probably as old as the volume; but the letter-
ing on the back, '* Manuscript relating to Lyme Estate,"
has evidently been added at a later period, and is probably
not more than a century and a half old. With a particu-
larity unusual in such cases, the writer has been careful to
record the exact date of his manuscript. He tells us that
it was begun on the third Wednesday of Lent, in the year
1465, [i.e. according to the civil and legal computation,]
and in the sixth year of King Edward IV. We can only
reconcile the above year of Grace with the year of the
King's reign, by supposing that the writer adopted the
civil and legal, and not the historical computation ; for as
Edward IV. began to reign, according to the latter, on the
4th of March, 1461, and as the manuscript was commenced
on the 5th of March, the writer of the manuscript must
necessarily have written the year 1466, unless he had been
guided by the computation which we have supposed. But
a passage in HoUinshed's Chronicles, (p. 664,) will serve to
make this matter more clear: — "King Edward" says he,
"was proclaimed in the year of the world 5427, and from
the birth of our Saviour 1461, after our accompt, beginning
the year at Christmas, but after the usual accompt of the
Church of England, 1460." After all, however, there seems
to have been some uncertainty in the i^Titer's mind as to
INTRODUCTION. Vll
which computation he ought to use, for in a subsequent
page in the volume, where he has given a separate heading
for the description of the Lyme estate, he tells us that
that portion of the work was written on the 29th of March,
1466, anno Regni Edward IV. 6"^; from which it follows
that he must, in this latter instance, have adopted the his-
torical, and not the legal and civil computation.
We have no positive evidence of the actual hand by
whom the book was written, nor do we know with certainty
whether it was the work of the knightly owner, whose pos-
sessions it so minutely records ; or of one of his two chap-
lains, whose names we shall have occasion to introduce; or
by some Scottish agent, who betrays his country by his
occasional spelling of the names of places. The adoption of
an ecclesiastical mode of dating would seem to point out the
profession of the scribe, — while, on the other hand, there
are reasons for supposing the knight to have been his own
amanuensis. Notices occur, here and there, of what he
intended to do in matters, some of which are not imme-
diately connected with his subject; and once or twice, the
expression meets us, ^^ut ipse dicit^" while in an age when
the statute of additions was in full force, and knighthood
was punctilious of respect, he is constantly spoken of as the
"said Peter,'* or the "said Peter Legh,'' without further
addition. Hence there arises a strong presumption that
Sir Peter Legh penned the work himself; a presumption
which will be further strengthened by the magistrates' forms
occurring at the end of the volume, — a circumstance which
will be alluded to in the sequel.
VUl INTEODUCTION.
It was hardly to be expected that the composer of the
Legh rent-roll, in the time of Edward IV., should write
Latin like Cicero or Quinctilian, and perhaps the reader
of the manuscript will not be surprised to find the lati-
nity full of more than ordinary faults. The breaking of
Priscian's head did not subject the offender to a charge of
assault in those days when neither readers, nor perhaps the
generality of writers, were capable of discerning the feult.
We shall hardly wonder at this, when we rem^nber that in
a later age, even an University thought it necessary to con-
demn such errors as, "ego currit, et Socrates legere." —
Fosb. Brit. Monachism, p. 249.
It has not been thought necessary in the printing of this
work, to follow the numerous contractions which occur in
the original, and which serve to puzzle ordinary readers.
There being, however, nothing unusual in most of them, it
is believed that they have been &ithfully decyphered and
interpreted by the transcriber. On one occasion, it appears
from a modem notice, that the volume was produced as
evidence in a court of law.
There are few Cheshire &milies the history of which is
more int^esting than that of the Leghs of Lyme, and as the
reader of the extract now published will naturally be desi-
rous to learn some particulars of its presumed compiler, I
will proceed to introduce, by way of notice of his fiunily,^
the following :
^ The authorities for this pedigree are principally to be found in Whitaker s
Eichmandahire^ vol. ii. pp. 246, 304 ; Ormerod's Cheshire^ yol. iii. p. 338;
Baines's Lancashire^ vol. iii. p. 644.
INTRODUCTION. IX
PORTION OP THE LEGH PEDIGREE.
I. Sir Piers Legh^ who became the grantee of Lyme in 1397^ was
Steward of Macclesfield and the forest^ and was beheaded at
Chester^ 1st Aug. 1399v He was third husband of Margaret
Danyers^ whom he married in Nov. 1388^ and who survived
him. In 4th Henry YI.^ she gave to her son Piers her moiety
of the Boydell property in GrappenhaU^ and died 6th Henry
YI. See her Inq. p. m. Sir Piers and Mai^aret Legh had
two sons^ and one daughter :
Sir Peter, who succeeded ;
John Legh, escheator of Cheshire, 12th and 13th
Henry VI,; and
Margaret, who married Sir John de Ashton.
History of Lancashire, vol. ii. p. 533.
II. Sir Peter Legh of Lyme, E^ Banneret, was at the battle of
Agincourt, Oct. 25, 1415, and died of his wounds at Paris,
1422, set. 31 or 32. Nicolas, in his Battle of Affincourt,
mentions this Sir Peter as having been in the battle, and as
having been one of the important personages there, (p. 128.)
He calls him Sir Peter de Legh. In the muster-roll, {Ibid,
p. 354,) we find him entered thus, —
Monsr. Pi^rs de Legh, ov. sa retenu,
Robert Orell,
Hugh de Orell,
Thomas Sutton,
John Pygott,
George de Asheley.
He was buried at Macclesfield.^ He married Joan,^ daughter
^ In Mr. Onnerod's History of Cheshire^ vol. i. page 479, an account is
given of a foray made by Sir Peter Datton and others, one of whom was
X INTRODUCTION.
and heiress of Sir Gilbert de Haydock/ who survived him,
and afterwards married Sir Richard de Molynenx, and died
1439. Sir Peter and Joan had issue,
ibis Peter Legb, described as of Cliflon, (the property of bis mother,) on
Sir William Atburton of Atburton, in wbicb forty oxen and forty cows were
taken out of bis closes at Atburton. Unless tbis transaction took place
several years before tbe award of restitution, Peter Legb must have returned
to France a second time, for restitution was only made tbe 9tb of April,
1419; which was several years after tbe battle of Agincourt.
^ [See p. iz.] Tbe subjoined is a copy of the inscription remaining on
her tomb, in Sefton Cburch: —
^' Hie jacet Domina Johanna quonda uxor
Petri Legh militis et postea uxor ....
Molineux militis que fuit Dna de
Bradley Haydoke et similiter tertisd
partis villarii de Warrington Mikille*
Sonke et Burtonwode ac eciam Bna
diversaru parcellaru terrani' et
tenement' infra villas de Newton
Golbron Lauton Bold et Walton-
le-dale— quBB obiit in festo S.
Sulpitii Epi. in Ao. Dni. m.ccccxxxiv cu-
jus animffi p'pitietur Deus. Amen."
{Fr(m Mr, Raines's Copy of Dr. Theo. Howard* b MSB.)
^ Tbe name of Sir Gilbert de Haydock, probably tbe immediate ancestor
of tbis Sir Gilbert, has acquired an unenviable notoriety, as appears from
the following extract from tbe Quarterly BevieWy No. Ixxvii. January, 1829,
pp. 62, 63: — "In tbe 17tb Edward IL, we find an indictment preferred
against tbe Sheriff of Lancasbire for a false return of knights who had not
been elected by the county. But tbe gravamen was not so much in tbe
nomination of these spurious representatives, as in tbe job which William le
Gentil had concocted for tbe benefit of bis friends. When he returned
* f . «. Much Sonky.
INTRODUCTION. XI
III. Sir Peter Legh^ of Bradley^ knighted by the Duke of York^
at Wakefield, 31st Dec. 1460, died at Bradley, 1478, set. 78,
aut circ'.; Inq. p. m. 18th Edward IV. He married (about
1432, ut putatur,) Margaret, daughter of Sir Bichard de
Molyneux, by Ellen, daughter of Sir William Harrington of
Hornby. — Smith's Visitation of Lancashire, 1599, Chet. Lib.
They had issue,
Peter Legh, of Haydock and Bradley, who married
(about 1460, ut putatur,) MabeP daughter and co-
heir of Sir James Croft, of Dalton. He died at
home with the writ de ezpensis, he caused his bailiffs to levy £20 for their
use, whereas the men of the county alledge that if they had been led to
their own choice, they could have had sufficient men to go to Parliament
for half the money, or eyen for less, for ten pounds, or ten marks. The
indictment, which relates to the Parliament, 15th Edward II., sets forth that
when the writ came down for the election of two knights, qui eligi debuis-
sent per totam communitatem comitatus idem Willielmus elegit Gilbertum
de Haydock et Thomam de Thornton sine assensu communitatis qui cum
redissent de parliamento tulerunt breye pro expensis suis levandis, per quod
prseceptum fuit Ricardo et Willielmo de Winwick ballivis ejusdem Ticecomitis
quod leyarent zx libras pro expensis prsedictorum militum, ubi communitas
istius comitatus habuisse possent de elecUone snk propria duos sufficientes
homines ad eundem parliamentum pro decem marcis vel decem libris."
^ By the kindness of Mr. Langton, (the Treasurer of the Chetham
Society,) I am enabled to present the reader with the Will of Mabel Legh,
made during her widowhood, which is curious in itself, and as a specimen
of our mother tongue in that day. It is as follows: — ^^This indenture made
y* viij day of July y* year of our Lord mcccclxxiiij, witness y* it is y* will
of Dame Mabill Lye, be tho avyce of Peres son and heyre to y* said Dame
Mabill, S Peres Lye and S Richard Redmayne Knights, y* ilkon of hir sones
have c* of y* lyvelode of y* said Dame Mabill. That is to say Hammund
c' James c' and John c' Dewryng their lyfes. And after y* decesse of
any of y^ y* said Hammond James or John, then y* said c' remayne to y*
xii INTRODUCTION.
Macclesfield^ on the 2d Aug. 1468, in the lifetime
of his father^ and was buried at Winwick. His wife
surrived him, and died at Dalton, in 1475. Besides
Sir Peter Legh, who succeeded on the death of his
grandf', they had issue, Hamond, James, John, and
several daughters.
Margaret married Richard Bruche of Bruche.
IV. Sir Piers Legh, of Lyme, was at the siege of Berwick, 22d
Edward IV., where he was made a banneret. He died at
Lyme, 11th Aug. 1527, set. 65, aut cirC, and was buried at
Winwick. He married Ellen, daughter of Sir John Savage,
of Clifton, who died at Bewgenett, in Sussex, 17th May,
1491. In 1511, twenty years after his wife's decease, he be-
came a priest. In 1521 he joined Sir Thomas Butler and
others in soliciting contributions to build Lymm steeple.
He built Disley Church, and the Cage in Lyme Park, in
said Peres and his beyres. And if it appyn eny of thaym of y* said Ham-
mund James and John to be evell dispoBit or wrang mynddit and
noght be y® avice of yair Brother Peres and S. Richard Rednia3me Knyght,
then y* forsaid c s. remayne to y* forsaid Peres and bis hay res. Also it is
y* will of y* said Mabill y* y* feoffatos y* is feoffined in Dalton fulfill y* will
of Peres Lye late husband to y* said Dame Mabill as touchyng y* maridge
of Peres son and heyre to y' said Dame Mabill. And all y* resedewe of y*
Lyvelode of y* said Dame Mabill y^ remaynes ov' y* feoffament of y^ said
Peres and y xv. 11. of y* said Hammund James and John to be deposit by
Sir Richard Redmayne Knyght and y* said Peres Lye to helpyng and mary-
ing of y* sisters of y* said Peres, and y' money y* salbe receyved for y* feo-
ffment of y* said Peres go to y* helpyng of y* said sisters by the avyce of y*
said Richard and Peres. And as for y' said xv. li. assigned to Hammund
James and John to be disposit by y* forsaid Richard and Peres to yai be at
resonable age to yair behove. In witnes hereof to y' p'sent writyng y* said
Dame Mabill hath sett hir seale. Yeven y' day and yere abovesaid."
• ••
INTRODUCTION. XIU
1524.1 He was party to the singular award about the Asshe-
ton arms. His wife Ellen Savage^ according to Ormerod^
(vol. i. p. 429^) had been previously married to Peter Warbur-
1 This Sir Peter, by his WiU, directed his executors to take and perceiye
all the issues and profits of certain hereditaments therein referred to during
a term of ten years,-— *' All which issues and profits thereof to be taken
and received by his said executors, he willed should be conveyed to the
monastery of St WerbuTgh, of Chester, and to be put in safe keeping in a
substantial coffer locked there to be standing and remaining of his costs and
charges, and that eveiy of his executors should have a several lock and key
upon the same;" the said rents to he laid out In a purchase of lands for the
use of Disley Chapel. And in certain proceedings preserved in the Duchy
Ofiice, it appears that one of the enquiries directed to he made was, '^Whe-
ther the said Sir Peter Legh willed at any time, by his last Will, that Robert
Ardem should have any 'advauncement' for the forbearing of bis money
and whether he gave him the said advauncement besides his debt that he
ought to the said Robert, or not, and what recompense of advauncement it
was that he willed him." Upon these two extracts, (for which I am in-
debted to the kindness of Mr. Hardy of the Duchy Office, Duchy Office MSB,
vol. XX. M, i.; and vol. xx. 1. 3, a. fol. 10,) we may observe the small de-
gree of confidence which Sir Peter Legh, a knight, and a priest, reposed in
the five gendemen whom he selected for his executors; none of them it
seems might be trusted to retain in his hands the money he received, but
was to deposit it in a strong box in the distant abbey of St Werburgh, at
Chester, under five separate locks and keys; a cumbrous procedure alike
at variance with the convenience of business, and with the trust which a
man of rank would place in his equals of the present day. Monasteries
seem to have been favourite places of custody then, and for some time
before, for in the AnnaleB Fumesienses^ p. 266, we read that on the Idth
of October, 1845, the abbot of Fumess received the royal command to find
a proper and strong room in his abbey, in which the collectors of the tenth
and fifteenth in this county, might deposit the King's moneys.
The transaction with regard to Robert Ardem's money is hardly less
XIV INTRODUCTION.
ton^ firom whom^ as he died in 1496, she must have been
separated in his life-time. The dispensation for her marriage
with Piers Legh, is dated 4th Paul II., 1468. Sir Piers and
Ellen had issue,
singalar, and arises out of the ancient difficulty as to receiving or paying
interest for money when all interest was thought to be usury, and conse-
quently sin. ^^Advancement," I apprehend, can mean nothing else but com-
pensation to Robert Ardem, for the use of his money.
In the Duchy proceedings above referred to, we have from several of the
witnesses an account of the testator s intention as to the foundation of Dis-
ley Chapel. One of these, Thomas Lewyns, priest, of the age of forty-nine
years and above, being sworn and examined, says, '^It was the will and mind
of Sir Perys Legh, knight, and priest, his master, deceased, to have three
perpetual priests and two deacons, to minister and do observance in his
Chapel at Dysteley, for evermore, and was also determined that he, by the
advice of Mr. Parson Trafforth, the Parson of Prestewich, the Parson of
Gkiwseworth, and Mr. Brygges, should have made his foundation thereof;
but it pleased God to visit him with sickness before the execution thereof.
And at such time as the said Sir Perys did lye in the gates of death, Robert
Ardron, in the presence of the said Sir Thomas, and many others, asked the
same Sir Perys whether the pre-nominated persons should make the foun-
dation of the said Chapel; the said Sir Perys answered thereunto and said.
Yea; and continently, Mr. Gowther Legh asked to know further of his
pleasure, saying. Whether shall my brother Perys intermeddle there anent
or not? the said Sir Perys to him then said. What else? he must be the
head; for it must be his deed, not mine."
Sir Peter Legh's beautiful monumental brass, at Winwick, is amongst the
most remarkable monuments of its kind in the kingdom. From it, we know
that he survived his grand-father nearly fifty years, and his flGtiher not less
than fifty-nine years, and died in a good old age, with the family character
for prudence, which he owed, in some degree, to the lessons and examples
of his grand-father. Singularly enough, his monumental effigy represents
him as clad in plate, girt with a sword, and wearing his knightly spurs,
INTRODUCTION. XV
Sir Peter^ who succeeded his fieither^ at the age of 48
years, and also,
Gowther a Legh.
Margaret, married Laurence Warren, Esq., about July,
1494. — Ormerod, vol. i p. 848.
AUce, married White. — See Calendar of Pleadings
in the Duchy of Lancaster, 4th Elizabeth, vol. ii.
Y. Sir Peter Legh, Knight.
Sir Peter Legh, the third in descent in the foregoing
pedigree, by whose orders, if not by himself the roll of his
great possessions was transcribed, was the representative
in his day of a powerful Lancashire family. His grand-
father, and his father, had both died, mediately, or imme*-
diately, a death of violence. The former, an active and
with the effigy of his long deceased wife at his side, while at the same time, his
shaven crown, shews the clerical tonsure, and he wears the rohes of a priest
over his armour. Fosbroke (Brit. Monaek, p. 292,) giyes ub a similar in-
stance from Connington, in Huntingdonshire, which he erroneously supposes
to be unique, of a knight, thus clad at the same time in the two-fold habit
of religion and if war.— See a Paper on this subject, in the ArchoBotogical
Journal.
This Sir Peter Legh seems to haye been at great pains to ohtain a general
pardon; and several letters patent expressly pardoning him for all offences,
general and particular, are in the custody of his descendants. The necessity
for these letters of pardon might be different in those troublesome times,
when the law was not so clear, and men's lives were not so safe; but our
best antiquaries are of opinion that a pardon was never sought for, or
granted, unless there had existed some cause of suspicion or offence.-—
Tylers Henry ofMcnnundh, p. 243.
XVI INTRODUCTION.
&ithful adherent of Richard II., was amongst the earliest
martyrs in the cause of the House of York; for, his loyalty
and gratitude having made him obnoxious to the Duke of
Lancaster, he was seized upon the first advance of the in-
surgent forces into Cheshire, and was shortly afterwards
beheaded, at Chester. This memorable event would seem
never to have been forgotten by his family during the
course of the long struggle which ensued. Sir Peter Legh,
the father of the compiler or author of the manuscript,
shared in the glories of Agincourt. The blood which he
shed there procured him, we are told, the honour of knight-
hood on the field; but it also cost him his life, for he died
at Paris, in consequence of his wounds, in the year 1422,
being then about thirty-two years of age. We are not pre-
cisely informed, however, where his son, the third Sir Peter
Legh, spent his youth; but, as his mother, shortly after the
death of her first lord, married Sir Richard Molyneux, ano-
ther Lancashire hero who had fought by his side at Agin-
court, and survived in her second marriage until the year
1489, we may safely infer that, for a time at least, Sir Peter
Legh would remain under her eye, and have before him
the examples and the precepts to be seen or heard in the
knightly halls of Sefton; and there he would receive such
imperfect education as was the lot of the gentry in that age,
when those who were destined for a military career, were
often compelled to bear arms and go to the field at the
early age of fifteen. — Tyler's Henry of Monmouth^ vol. i.
p. 22, Notes. Under these circumstances it was not a neces-
sary, though it was certainly a probable consequence, that
INTRODUCTION. XYll
he should choose, as he did, a daughter of the House of
Sefton, in marriage. He married Margaret, the daughter
of Sir Richard Molyneux, probably about the year 1432.
At the period of his father's death, Sir Peter Legh was
about ten years old ; for we find him in the 10th Henry VI.
1432, attending as one of the witnesses to a charter of the
hermit friars, in which he is styled dominus, whence we
infer that at that time he must have been of age, since he
had received the degree of knighthood. When this manu-
script was compiled Sir Peter Legh was in the vigour of his
age, and the fifty-three winters which he had witnessed had
given him experience, without having impaired his energy.
The history of his ancestors had not been lost upon him;
but to the predilection which it had given him for the House
of York, he seems to have added the exercise of great pru-
dence and circumspection in his whole conduct, which is the
more remarkable because in that period it was so rare.
By no other means could he have escaped being present, on
one side or the other, at the battle of Blore Heath, fought
on Simday, the 23rd of September, 1459, when crowds of
the Lancashire and Cheshire chivalry were left dead upon
the field, and amongst them his brother-in-law, Sir Richard
Molyneux, and many others of his immediate friends and
neighbours; and when even the Lord Stanley, though he
escaped the field, fell under suspicion and the subsequent
threat of an impeachment. Once, indeed, the spirit of chi«
vaJry, inspired by the lessons and examples of his early
years, and which had slumbered, but was not dead in Sir
Peter Legh, revived, and when forces were drawing towards
XVlll INTRODUCTION.
Sandal Castle, and the cause of the Duke of York, which
was ever sacred with his family, seemed to ask his aid. Sir
Peter Legh's usual caution gave way. He joined the
assembled Yorkists, and his valour won for him the honour
of a banneret from his leader's hand, on the field at Wake-
field, — that field which his leader shortly afterwards lost,
with his life. This conduct of Sir Peter Legh might have
given dissatisfaction in high quarters, and might cause
that interruption to the possession of Haydock, which is
noticed in Baines's History of Lancashire^ vol. iii. p. 636.
Dr. Whitaker, judging from the hasty nature of the fight
at Wakefield, intimates a doubt whether the Duke of York
could have found time to make the soldier of his family,
a knight, upon the field; but the accuracy of Sir Peter
Leycester, who asserts it, may be taken as a voucher for the
fact. In none of the other battles of that stirring period,
do we again meet with the name of Sir Peter Legh. The
volume before us, commenced only a short interval after the
fight at Wakefield, afibrds evidence that he had then laid
aside the spear and the sword, and had assumed, for wise
and prudent purposes, that small but mighty instrument^
the pen, — which serves to give us glimpses of his employ-
ment after the lapse of centuries, and centuries after his
warlike weapons have mouldered into dust. Sir Peter
Legh's prudence is proved, in part, by the careftil register
which he prepared of the family possessions; but there is
still further evidence of it, in his avoiding the numerous
opportunities which would solicit a soldier, in that warlike
period. His prudence was also shewn in the care which he
INTRODUCTION. XIX
took in the marriage of his son, for whom he selected the
heiress of the two knightly families of Croft of Dalton, and
Butler of Merton; by which his family possessions were
enriched with a goodly addition. Nor did his care for the
family alliance end with his son; for we find that he was at
the pains» at a very early period, to procure a dispensation
for the marriage of his grandson with Ellen Savage. (Orm.
vol. i. p. 429, in notis.) It was therefore not without reason
that he was associated with Sir Richard Bedmayne as one of
the advisers of her family in the will of Dame Mabel Legh.
Caution was a distinguishing feature of the knight's charac-
ter; and if his prudence is shewn by what he did, his habi-
tual caution is no less shewn by what he omitted. At the
period of the compilation of this manuscript, the times were
full of political and historical interest. Pope Calixtus III.,
the religious head of Christendom, had died only a few years
before, and the tiara had descended upon that clever scholar,
but unprincipled man, the celebrated Eneas Sylvius, under
the title of Pius III. This pontiff, only a very short time
before the date of our manuscript, had written a letter to
King Edward IV., congratulating him on his accession to
the throne of England. Bordeaux, the last English posses-
sion in Guienne, was taken from them in 1453; and in
1461, Charles VII., that weak, but fortunate prince, after
having recovered France from the English, died from the
fear of dying, and left his throne to his son and successor,
Louis XI. Between the English and the Scots a truce had
been recently concluded, which had been still more recently
renewed. While these events were passing abroad, England
XX INTRODUCTION.
was the theatre of remarkable events at home. In the
adjoining county of Chester, as we learn from Mr. Ormerod,
{History of CJieshire, vol. i. p. 362,) securities to keep the
peace, then in danger of being disturbed by the feuds of the
rival Houses, seem to have been required from many of the
gentry of the county. The country had lately, as we have
seen, lost nearly the last vestige of her French possessions;
feudalism had received a blow; and, out of the strife of
arms, had come this good, — that the commons were acqui-
ring fresh glimpses of freedom. The romantic incident of
the king's secret marriage, on the 1st of May, 1464, and
its public acknowledgment at the following Michaelmas,
only a very few months before the date of this manu-
script, had been almost immediately followed by the mus-
ter, and march into Lancashire, probably into this very
neighbourhood, of a considerable body of forces, under the
celebrated Earl of Warwick, with the professed object of
avenging the insult put upon him by the king's marriage.
Nearly at the same period. King Henry VI. having been
betrayed by Sir John Talbot in his concealment at Wad-
dington Hall, in this county, was conveyed ignominiously to
London, passing probably in his way the town described in
the manuscript. The age was fond of the marvellous, and
the appetite might have found abundant food in the strange
events of the time ; but,
"As if increase of appetite had grown
By what it fed on/^
the actual events of the time were not thought suffi-
ciently wonderful. Stowe informs us in his Annalsy with-
INTRODUCTION. XXI
out inferring a doubt of its truth or reality, that^ ^^when
King Edward lY. was crowned in St. Paul's, an angel came
down and censed him.'' At a period thus remarkable, and
with the angry billows of a civil war still heaving and
breaking in various parts of England, the writer of the
manuscript, in his minute devotion to his immediate pur-
pose, never stops to notice a single public event, nor seems
to forget that he was a private, and not a public chro-
nicler.
As we cannot, I think, ascribe his silence to accident, still
less to the author's indifference to what was passing around
him, the reason must be sought in some other cause. Possi-
bly, it was found in England at that time, as it has recently
been found in Spain, that great and stirring public events
still leave a large portion of the people, in the remote pro-
vincesj to follow their ordinary callings, and do not, for a
time, at least, seriously affect the domestic industry of the
country. But if this be not thought a sufficient excuse for
the author's careful exclusion of all extrinsic subjects from
the manuscript, we may safely ascribe it to the characteristic
caution of Sir Peter Legh. Although news travelled slowly
in that age, (Lord Campbell, in his Lives of the Chancellors^
vol. i. p. 184, tells us that the news of Edward the First's
death, was nearly twenty days in reaching London from
Burgh-le-Sands,) yet Sir Peter Legh had no doubt heard
the story of that London vintner who was sacrificed for a
thoughtless word, which the king's jealousy of his newly-
acquired title led him to aggravate into the offence of trea-
son; and he knew the significant meaning of the wise man's
XXU INTRODUCTION.
warning, that in speaking or writing about the actions of
kings, extreme prudence is required, "for a bird of the air
shall carry the matter.'' — Eccles. x. 20.
At the end of the volume, written in a strong law hand,
are two magistrates' forms; the one, a warrant to appre-
hend for a breach of the peace, — the other, a supersedeas
of such warrant. Both of them bear date 14th of October,
16th Edward IV., and are tested by Sir Peter Legh himself;
and hence we learn that, in his retirement at Bradley, the
old knight occupied his declining years in discharging the
duties of an active justice of the peace. The confidence
placed in him by the appointment to such an office, would
seem to shew that his Yorkist predilections were known and
appreciated at Court. Neither in the magistrates' forms,
nor in any other part of the volume, is there any allusion
to that fruitful source of the modem justice's employment —
the prevention and punishment of offences against the game
laws. Then, as now, the winged, and the four-footed game,
would doubtless tempt many a daring idler to pursue and
take them, on the broad domains which it is the writer's
province to describe; but he is never diverted from his set-
tled purpose by any allusion to the subject. The poor laws,
a fruitful source of the modem magistrate's employment,
were unknown in Sir Peter Legh's age; we may be sure,
therefore, that their administration formed no call upon his
leisure.
Bradley, an ancient seat of the Haydocks, which Sir
Peter Legh inherited from his mother, is thus referred
to and described in the manuscript: — "Praedictus Petras
INTRODUCTION. XXlll
Legh tenet manerium de Bradlegh in villa de Burtonwode
infra parochiam de Werington, sibi hseredibus et assignatis
suis in perpetuum videlicet novam pulcram aulam cum tri-
bus novis cameris et pulcro csenaculo cum nova coquina ^
pistrina similiter pandoxatorio cum uno turre lapideo novo
et parvis turribus cum porta pulcra et bastello lapideo supra
praedictam portam bene propugnaculato cum capella^ pulcra
et haec prsedicta sunt de factura prsBdicti Petri et una anti-
qua camera vocata le Knyghtes chaumber quae omnia prsB-
dicta cum aliis diversis domibus circumcluduntur cum qua-
dam fossa paludili cum uno ponte tractabili et tria magna
orrea situata extra prsedictam fossam videlicet ex parte
boreali prsedicti manerii cum magno boscario et stabulo
equino cum parvo domo ballivi et nova ustrina constructa
in fine orientali cujusdam loci vocato parogardyne cum om-
nibus membris et terris dominicalibus dicto manerio speo-
tantibus sive pertinentibus cum uno pomoerio magno cum
sepibus et fossis inclusis ex parte australi dicti loci vocati
Parogardyne cum gardino juxta ustrinam veterem cum ter-
ris circumclusis."
The "porta pulcra," the fair gateway of the foregoing
description, with the bastile raised upon it, is now a pictu-
resque ruin, which bespeaks the former consequence of the
place, when Bradley was a knightly residence. The prison
upon the gateway, was doubtless the temporary place of
confinement of many of the offenders, who were awaiting
^ Of this Chapel the only existing remain is an ancient font, now in the
Chapel at Lyme, and which hears on one of its four sides the arms of
Hajdock.
XXIV INTRODUCTION.
examination before the justice of Bradley. Its existence,
and the mention of the ''pons tractabilis," bespeak a time
''When men built less against the elements
Than their next neighbours.^'
The manuscript gives us the rare information what was the
exact date of this building ; for it shows us that it, as well
as a considerable part of the mansion, was an addition to
the ''knyghtes ancient chaumber." Building seems, indeed,
to have been one of the principal employments or amuse-
ments of Sir Peter Legh. The alterations and repairs of
his mansion, at the same time that they afforded him occu-
pation at home, gave him a plausible excuse for not joining
in the dangerous and stirring scenes so constantly occurring
abroad. But if by these means he succeeded in avoiding the
danger of camps, he was not equally fortunate in escaping
the strife of courts,
A retrospect into the remote past, is like the view of a
distant landscape; remoteness, in both cases, is apt to lend
an unreal charm, and the antiquary, especially, is very apt
in his fondness for his favourite subject, querulously to ex-
claim with Horace, —
''Damnosa quid non imminuit dies?''
Carm, lib. iii. 6.
But truth requires that we should lift the veil which time
has thrown over the habits and lives of our forefathers;
and if we turn to the records of our courts, about the time
of this manuscript, we shall hardly fail to correct that mis-
taken judgment, which is apt to extol their age at the ex-
pense of our own. Turning to the Duchy records, only a
INTRODUCTION. XXV
short time after the close of the fifteenth century, we find
the following entry: —
7th Henry VIII. Tho. Boteler v. Sir The. Gerard — charge
of assault, at a cock fight.
And also at a later period the following cases: —
87th Henry VIII. Sir Tho. Butler v. Tho. Molyneux — charge
of assault.
87th Henry VIII. Tho. Molyneux v. Sir Tho. Butler and Eliza-
beth^ his wife — charge of assault, with intent of rape.
8rd Edward VI. Sir Tho. Butler v. Tho. Butler and Richd.
Bruche — charge of assault^ with intent to murder.
These cases, in which the parties were knights, or gentle-
men of rank, may serve as a specimen of the manners of
the time. There do not exist against Sir Peter Legh any
changes of similar violence: but we have abundant proof
that he was not slow to defend his rights at law, since we
have in the manuscript frequent entries such as this, ^* alia
parcdla pendet in lite et dissentione;" and to shew the ill
blood arising out of this matter, a neighbouring gentleman,
of considerable landed consequence, Mr. Brotherton, of the
Hey, is often designated in the manuscript, as ^* unus voca-
tus. Jak of the Hey." Again, the desire to keep his own
would seem^ at times» to have been stretched by Sir Peter
Legh too far ; for, in one place, we have the following en-
try: — "Est quadam via ducta per duodecim juratores quia
invenitur quod dicta acra dicti Petri non fuit burgagium in
antiquo tempore neque modemo." But in those day^ vio-
lence, and the, strong arm, were a more favourite resort
than now; and it is one sign of our increasing civilization.
XXVI INTRODUCTION.
that reason, and the sense of justice, are heard speaking in
louder tones in the settlement of disputes about property.
The manuscript record of the Legh possessions, affords
abundant evidence that their owner was a religious man,
after the fashion of those times.
'' Desuper irradia seribenti gratia divina/'
is the devout invocation of the writer, which stands at the
head of the first page of his manuscript. He well thought
that no employment begun without the divine blessing,
could be undertaken with the hope of success. In a subse-
quent page of the original volume, (p. 141,) the writer again
supplicates help from the Virgin; and at page 332, which
has been originally the last page of the volume, we have
the following consistent conclusion: — "Et prsedictus Petrus
Legh miles modo proponit gratia Dei mediante legare prse-
dicta messuagia (certain messuages which had been men-
tioned) cum terns prsescriptis cantariae antecessorum suorum
ecclesiae de Wynwhyk capellse de Haydock in dicta eoclesia
ad orandum pro anima sua, uxoris, parentum antecessorum
et benefactorum suorum. Amen."
I have hitherto been unable to discover when, or where,
the wife of Sir Peter Legh died. It would seem, however,
from the way in which she is mentioned towards the con-
clusion of the above passage, that she was alive at that
time. But we know that he was destined to a severe afflic-
tion in three years afterwards, when he would have need of
all the consolation which religion could bestow. In the year
1468, he followed to the grave the remains of his eldest son,
whom he had married with so much care ; who, in the course
INTRODUCTION. XXVll
of nature, might have been expected to close his own eyes,
and in whom he doubtless hoped that his family would be
still further aggrandized. It will be seen that this son was
present about the period of the manuscript, at the remarkable
scene alluded to in a subsequent page of this Introduction.
Sir Peter Legh, of Bradley, for such is the addition by
which the compiler of the manuscript is distinguished in the
family records from several of his ancestors and successors
who bore both his names» has been with reason handed
down to us in several family memorials. There are at the
&mily mansion at Lyme, no fewer than three portraits said
to be of a Sir Peter Legh of Bradley. One of them, an an-
cient three<)uarters likeness, is painted in oil, and is of the
life size ; the second is a small picture, in oil, probably copied
at some period from the first ; and the third is an admirable
miniature, on glass, said to have been removed from the
Church at Disley. The last-mentioned portrait, which is by
fiur the most spirited of the three, exhibits the original as
a man somewhat advanced in years, with silver hair de-
scending in long and luxuriant locks upon his shoulders,
and with a pointed beard of the same livery. His full and
square countenance wears a ruddy and healthfiil glow, while
his shrewd grey eyes have lost none of their original bright-
ness. If we may judge firom his goodly rotundity of person,
the original had not in his later years, at least, been used to
buckle himself in a suit of plate, and such confinement
would seem rather to incommode him. He wears, in the
portrait, a light-coloured buff coat, fastened in firont with
laces or points of a gay colour, — an ornament evidently in
XXVUl INTRODUCrriON.
character with the peaceful tastes of the wearer. His whole
look, indeed, is that of —
"The jastice
In fair round belly, with good capon lined/^
If there be any faith in physiognomy, we may well imagine
this portrait to be a true effigy of the Sir Peter Legh,
of Bradley, who was the author or compiler of the mar
nuscript. It bears every trace at least that the original
was such a character as we have just been describing.
Cautious, prudent, and far-seeing, habitually used to ex-
ercise his mind with the probable bearings of the future
upon himself and his family, he loved the shield better
than the sword, and the pen better than either. The rust
of idleness^ which is sometimes contracted in the narrow
sphere of country occupations, and which was the secret
of the blunt bearing of the landed gentry of the last age,
never crept over the active spirit of Sir Peter Legh^ Ori-
ginally of an active and vigorous cast of mind, his mental
weapons remained, nearly to the close of a tc^rably long
career, as bright and as unimpaired as the armour he wore,
and the blade he wielded, on the morning of that day when
he won his knighthood at Wakefield.
The long residence of Sir Peter Legh amongst his tenants
and dependants, and his example in devoting himself to
fiirming pursuits, would doubtless do much for the ndgh-
bourhood where he resided; and when at length, after a
career unusually protracted for that period, he peacefully
closed his eyes in his favourite mansion of Bradley, his death
was regarded by the people of the surrounding district as a
INTRODUCTION. XXiX
public loss. In the long catalogue of his territorial posses-
sions, Sir Peter Legh did not omit to enumerate the Hay-
dock chauntry, the destined resting-place of his earthly
remains, where, as we have seen, he had provided that his
death should be commemorated. But no requiem or mise-
rere sung over his hearse, was half so grateful a tribute to
the memory of the aged knight, as the unbought regrets
which his tenants and neighbours breathed over his remains,
after he had been quietly committed to his last earthly rest-
ing-place in the family chauntry at Winwick.
It will be seen in the course of the present work, that
legacies for pious objects were frequent in that day. and
that religion, according to the light of those times, was
placed in considerable prominence before our fore&thers in
Warrington. In the examinations before the Scrope and
Grosvenor Commissioners^ (Nicolas, p. 287,) Johan de
Massy deposes to seeing the disputed arms depeyntez en
ses colours p. xxvi az passez en une crois de pere appelle
Braddelegh crois en le haut voie entre Knottesford et Wer-
yngton. Coming still more near and entering the town
from the east, the first building which the traveller would
encounter, would be the parish Church, which, jud^ng from
existing remains, was in those days a much more imposing
structure than at present. The approach from the south,
presented to his view the Church and Convent of the
Hermit Friars;^ whilst the entrance from the west was
1 "Priarages," Dr. Whitaker observes in his Biehmondskirey vol. ii. p. 194,
" were always in the immediate neighbourhood of great towns; for this very
XXX INTRODUCTION.
marked by the existence of a White Cross, the situation of
which is still denoted by its name, —
'' Stat nominis umbra/'
Mention having been made of the Austin Friars, I may
be excused for introducing here, in a succinct order, such
particulars as I have been able to glean respecting them
and their house at Warrington; although some of those
particulars may have already appeared in print. In the An--
tiquities of Oaford^ printed with Hearne's Te^tus Rqffensis^
p. 339, we learn that all the Hermit Friars, formerly called
by a variety of names, were brought into one company by
Pope Alexander IV. who styled them, " Fratres Eremitarum
Sancti Augustini.'* Alexander wore the tiara from 1 243 to
1261; and it is a proof how soon the new order began to
spread itself, that in 1252 we find Lanfranc of Milan, the
general of the order, dispatching some of the body on a
mission to this country. Religious novelties, when once in-
troduced, were of rapid growth in that age. In a few years
from their first arrival, the hermit friars had built their
great house at Oxford ; where their celebrated disputations
bequeathed a name to the exercises for the degree of a
Master, which were long called " Keeping of Augustines."
They had also commenced the erection of their house in
London, some remains of which, though of a later date,
obvious reason, that if they had been like the great Monasteries, in distant
solitudes, their mendicant inhabitants must have wanted bread." And this
is confirmed by a poetic distich on the same subject:-—
*' Bemardus valles, colles Benedictus amabat
Oppida Franciscns, magnas Ignatius urbes."
INTRODUCTION. XXXI
are stiU preserved to us in the beautiful Dutch Church
in the Austin Friars ; and in the course of a short period,
the order had so prodigiously increased in different parts of
Christendom, that they reckoned up no less than two thou-
sand convents of men, and three hundred of women. No
exact date can be fixed for the foundation of the house
at Warrington, nor do we know the name or &mily of the
founder, although some circumstances in its subsequent his-
tory seem to sustain a conjecture that it owed its origin to
the Butlers. In the list of religious houses, compiled by
royal authority in the year 1261, no mention occurs of
the Austin Friars at Warrington; but its origin could not
have been long posterior to that time, as may be inferred
from a fragment of one of the columns of their Church, now
in the possession of the Editor; and from the recorded fact,
that, soon afber the battle of Evesham, we find Richard the
Hermit carrying thither from Warrington the votive candle
of one of the devotees who had been healed by calling to mind
the martyrdom of Simon de Montfort whom that age styled
St. Simon the Righteous. But whenever, or by whomsoever
founded, the selection of the site of the priory at Warring-
ton, shews in an eminent degree the wise discernment and
prudent forethought of its architects, who were most proba-
bly the first tenants of its cloisters ; for while the baron's
house, and the rectory, were placed upon a low marsh with
an alluvial foundation, and nearly all the remainder of the
town was erected upon a cold unwholesome substratum of
clay, they had the sagacity to discover, and the wisdom to
choose a graveUy bank, in which they dug their foundations,
XXXll INTRODUCTION.
secure from the damp which invades them in other parts of
the town. Into their cellars no liquids found their way
against the will of the owners.
In a deed of Sir William Buttiler's, which bears date not
later than 1305, we have the earliest express mention of
the religious at Warrmgton, where the baron designates
them as the brethren of the order of St. Augustine. This
mention of the friary is only incidental; but in the year
1306, we have direct testimony to the existence of the
priory in the will of Sir William Deyners, of Daresbury,
which contains the following bequest: — "Item lego fratribus
Sancti Augustmi de Werinton dimidiam marcam." — Orme-
rod's Cheshire^ vol. i. p. 539. From this period, various
notices occurring from time to time, serve to assure us that
the house of the Austin Friars at Warrington was high in
public favour. In the year 1308 we meet with the follow-
ing deed, which confers on the friars a free passage for their
wains through the adjoining village of Latchford, in return
for certain spiritual services to be rendered to the donor and
his femUy:-«Umversis saucte matris ecclesi* fiUis domi-
nus Johannes de Boydell dominus de Gropenhall et Lach-
ford salutem, noveritis me pro sanitate corporis mei ac
salute animsB meae, et dominse Margaretae uxoris mese et
haeredum meorum et parentum nostrorum vivorum et de-
functorum ac omnium fidelium defunctorum dedisse Deo et
beatse Marise virgini et beato Augustino de Werington libe-
rum passagium per villam de Lachford pro carectis suis,
quocunque titulo dictis, ita quod quilibet frater sacerdos
de conventu illo in die anniversarii mei in perpetuum cele-
INTRODUCTION. XXXIU
bret missam pro anima mea parentum nostrorum et omnium
fidelium defunctorum." — Ormerod's Cheshire, vol. i. p. 447.
The Coucher Book of Whalley, p. 409, gives us the grant
of a similar privilege, from the same donor, to that abbey.
A long interval occurs before we meet with the next
notica ^^On the Sunday next after the feast of St. Martin,
3rd Richard II., 1379, William Eltonhed, the prior, and his
convent grant to Sir Thomas Dutton, knight, a perpetual
chauntry, to wit, that a sufficient friar of their convent shall
be especially elected to pray for the salvation of Sir Thomas,
his children, and of Philippa his wife, and her parents, when
they shall die, at the great altar of their Church, yearly, for
ever, and that thdir names be written down in their martyr-
ology, whereunto the prior and convent were bound under
a penalty of 3s. 4d., to be levied by the provincial prior
upon omission of such form of service ; and if for a week, or
a fortnight, it were omitted, then must they double the time
omitted in manner aforesaid; if neglected for six months,
then upon pain of suspension; if for a year, then upon ex«
communication until the time omitted be ma(fe up. Where-
imto are witnesses, Thomas, abbot of St. Werburgh, of
Chester; Stephen, abbot of Yale Royal; Richard, prior of
Norton; and Roger, prior of Birkenhead. This was con-
firmed by Henry de Towesdale, provincial prior of the order
in England, with a special injunction that the said persons
be yearly twice commemorated before the whole convent, —
once, at the first entrance of the prior of Warrington into
the convocation house, yearly; the other time, on the elec-
tion day of a fellow prior for a provincial convocation.
Dated at Warrington." e
XXXIV INTRODUCTION.
Notwithstanding the absence of any documents in the
long interval between the deed just mentioned and the no-
tice which next preceded it, we may well infer that the
friary had been growing in public estimation. If it were not
so, we should hardly find Sir Thomas Dutton thus resorting
to the house, and securing with so much care, and by so
many stipulations, the advantage of their prayers. If we
are to credit the account given of the knight in CoUins's
Peerage, (vol. viii. p. 45, edit. 1812,) where the above bar^
gain is recorded, he was a reckless person, whose hands had
not been free from blood, and had need, if vicarious prayers
could avail, to resort where the best might be had.
The walls of the friary were witness to a singular scene
in the year 1386, when ** Messrs. Johan le Botiller baroun
de Weryngton, Nichol le Vernoun, Thomas Gerard, chivalers,
et Sire William Brombrough, persone de Aldeford," having
been appointed commissioners and examiners of witnesses in
the great cause of arms between Scrope and Grosvenor, on
the part of Robert le Grosvenor, sat for that purpose "in
ecclesia fratrum Augustinensium de Warrington," on the
12th of September, in the above year; and John de Massey,
Sir Lawrence Dutton, Nicholas de Rixton, Roger, the prior
of Birkenhead, William de Rixton, and Thomas le Vernoun,
were severally examined as witnesses. Robert le Grosvenor,
as we learn from the Record, (Sir H. Nicolas's Account, vol. i.
p. 248,) was present on the occasion; but his opponent,
Richard le Scrope, did not appear.
In the year 1392, as we read in Ormerod's Cheshire,
vol. i. p. 479, Sir Lawrence Dutton, (who has been just
INTRODUCTION. XXXV
mentioned as a witness in the Scrope and Grosvenor cause,)
by his will dated the 26th of January, bequeathed to the
four orders of religious brethren at Chester and Warring-
ton, to each convent xx"* This legacy, apparently so uncon-
ditional, was no doubt expected to be repaid in masses and
obits. The double motive of ancestral favours, and an alli-
ance of his family with the Butlers, probably recommended
the Warrington friars to the testator's consideration and
regard.
Two fragments preserved to us in the pages of Kuerden,
are our next notices of the priory at Warrington. The first
of these shews us the peculiarity of a second wife founding a
cfaauntry in which her husband's first partner was to be spe-
cially commemorated; and is remarkable for the evidence it
affords that Sir Peter Legh, the compiler of the manuscript,
was of full age at the date of the deed, of which he is one
of the witnesses, in the 10th Henry VI. We also learn
from this deed the name of one of the priors of whom we
had not heard before: "Stephen Leet, prior heremitarum
Sancti Augustini de Werington ordinavit Johanni Bold quod
uxor Johannis Bold unam cantariam ad altare Sancti Au-
gustini in corpore ecclesisB de die in diem celebrare pro ani-
mabus suorum progenitorum et pro Emma quondam uxore
Johannis Bold. Testibus Johanne Abbate de Whalley,
Thoma de Allerbec priore de Burscough, Henrico Halsall
archdiacono Cestriae, Domino Johanne Stanley, Domino
Petro Legh, D. Norreys, mil. Ham. Massey, Joh. Sankey,
W. Gamon." In the other of the two deeds to which allu-
sion has been made, Sir Richard Bold, probably the son of
XXXVl INTRODUCTION.
Sir John, influenced by a sense of filial piety, is found
endeavouring by an instrument dated in the same year, to
carry out the arrangement contemplated by the preceding
deed. I shall hardly need to remind the reader that this
deed is fragmenta.7: "Ricardus Bold dedit priori fratnun
heremitarum ordinis Sancti Augustini de Werinton et ejus-
dem loci conventui ordinant Johanni Bold militi
et animabus suorum et progenitorum et Johanni Bold imam
cantariam ad altare in corpore ejusdem ecclesise," &c., 10th
Henry VI.
On the 7th of March, 1466, at the very time that the
manuscript was in progress, we meet with this passage
in the will of Dame Cecill of Torboke, Lady of Torboke,
(Baines's Lancashire^ vol. iv. p. 8,) — "I will that the blacke
frerys of Weryngton have iii" iv*. Also I will that my Sonne
Richard have my hallynge boke and chales and such thyngs
as belonge to a prest to synge with and all the brew*^ vessell
that belongen to me, also the Englysche boke of Hermet
Hanpole." Having now brought these notices down to the
time of the manuscript, we may here be allowed to make
one or two remarks before proceeding to conclude what we
shall have to say on the subject of the Hermit Friars. In
the Antiquities of Oarfordy already cited, (p. 341,) we are
told that "the habit of this order is black, of the same
colour is their cowl, from the head to the shoulders ; under
that a little white coat, with a white list. Their girdle is of
leather, buttoned with a button of ox horn.*' This apparel
was enjoined them by Alexander IV., and therefore came
not from St. Augustine, as may appear from this distich, —
INTRODUCTION. XXXVU
" Mendici firatres induti vestibus atris
Augustinus ego^ nomen habere nego/'
'' I^ Augustine^ bear no name of that rude pack
Of begging friars, who clothed are in black.''
And in Fosbrooke's British Monachismy pp. 282, 286, we
have not only a similar description, but a plate representing
one of the hermit friars in the dress of his order. And Chat-
terton, in his Bristowe Tragedy^ has brought them before
us in the garb of poetry: —
** E^t fxttxfi of St&intU Auiujitfine next appeateti to t^e aviifytt,
aue tlaVn in ^mtlit xuMttt \x>ttitii, of gotilse monitt^j^
PiBlAte;
9tmt litStauitt partem a golilte pMumt mo0t 0toeetlse t^es
lull t^mmt ;
iSefisnlie f^m^ iacites 0fix msntitreUed came, to^o tun^ t^e
0tntnge tataunV^
Can anything give us more striking evidence of the
change of times, than the disappearance of these religious
from our streets, and the entire departure of that influence
which, from what we have already seen, and from what we
know in other ways, must have been exerted by the friars
of the priory upon the times and the place ? Let us for a
moment imagine ourselves passing along the narrow but
picturesque streets of ancient Warrington, and meeting at
some sudden turn one of the cowled brethren, or the prior
himself, hurrying on his way, in sombre robes, to discharge
some errand of charity or business ; and giving, as we meet,
the passing Benedicite. Pitsaeus (De illustribus Scriptoribus)
informs us that the order were greatly distinguished not
XXXVlll INTRODUCTION.
only as eminent authors, but for their theological discus-
sions; and he reckons up upwards of seventy writers of
England, who were of the order of Austin Friars: nor
must we forget that Luther himself was of this order.^
" To give these Augustinians their due," says Fuller, ** they
were good disputants; on which account they are still
remembered in Oxford by an act performed by candidates
for Mastership, called Keeping of Augustines."
Hermit Hanpole, who is mentioned in Dame Cecill Tor-
boke's will, and whose work, possibly the same copy she
mentions, is to be seen in the Chetham Library,* (8008,)
was an Austin friar of Hanpole, near Doncaster, part of the
possessions of which house subsequently enriched the abbey
of Whalley, (Introduction to Cov<;her Book, p. ix ;) and he
flourished about a century before the date of our manu-
script. It is by no means improbable that his early career
might have been connected with the priory at Warrington.
At all events there is no doubt that the priory contributed
its proportion to the number of learned men who belonged
to the order. One of these, who afterwards attained an
European celebrity, we know claimed our priory as his
alma mater; and there is very little doubt that he was
actually an inmate there at the time when the manuscript
was in progress. According to Pitsseus, {Relationes His-
^ Dr. Robert Wirksop, the active agent of Edward II., was an Austin Friar.
— FtedercL, passim.
* "The Pricke of Conscience; an ancient MS. Poem, by Richd. Hampole,
an eremite friar of the order of St. Augustine." In the library of the Dean
and Chapter of Lincoln, are ten other works of this writer, in manuscript
INTRODUCnON. XXXIX
ixmc€B, p. 675,) "Thomas Penketh,*' the individual to whom
we allude, " was a monk of the order of hermit friars of
St. Augustine, of the monastery at Warrington. Bom in
the western part of England,^ he selected the university of
^ He was CYideDtly desceDded from a family of his own name, long settled
at Penketh near Warrington. An imperfect sketch of the family pedigree
may be seen in the Hist, of Laneaahirey (vol. iii. p. 731 ;) and in the Barratt
MSS. in the Chetham Library is another which contains a few more par-
ticulars. The family arms -^-argent three kingfishers proper, in two coats,
one of which, distinguished by a label, was probably intended to commemo-
rate Friar Penketh, — formerly ornamented the windows of the priory,
where they were seen and noticed by Randle Holme about 1640.
The Penkeths were land owners in Warrington at an early period, as
appears by the following extract from the Abhreviatio Botularum Orig,
(p. 5%,) in which there is remarkable ingenuity evinced in the misspelling
of names : —
Edw. I. Extracta reddisseisin de anno regni regis Ed. XVI.
R. vie. Lancast. monstravit nobis Ricus de Samlesbyr q'd in curia nostra
apud Lane, recuperasset seisinam suam versus Adam de Breche et Mar-
garetam uxorem ejus Henricum fil. Gilbti de Pennebeck et Ricum fratrem
ejus et Robtum de Penbeck de communa pastures quee pertinet ad liberum
ten. suum in Werington p. reoogn. assisae noves disseisinss ibi inter eos captsd
&c. Rot 25.
The Penkeths held their lands under the Butler family, and occasional
notices of them are found amongst the Butler papers. They are twice
mentioned as witnesses in the Butler Homage Roll, viz. : — -xiii die Januarii
anno regni regis Hen. VII. quinto.
Ad quern diem venit Ranulphus Sonky fil. et haer. Ranulphi Sonkey
coram Thoma Botiller milite Johanne Hawardyn locum tenente Justiciarii
CestrisB Hamone Penketh, Ricardo Birhened, Henrico Garnet, & aliis et
reddidit prefato Tho. Botiller x' de relevio sno pro una car. terrsB in parva
Sonky quum prsedictus Ranulphus tenet de presdicto Thomas per serv" mil.
unde decem carucatse faciunt feed, militare. And on the xxviii daye of
Xl INTRODUCTION.
Oxford for the seat of his studies, and there his progress in
the sciences, and particularly in philosophy and theology,
was so great that he attained the highest honours usually
bestowed by that university on her best divines. Subtle in
ability, and of incredible acuteness in scholastic disputation,
he closely imitated and diligently followed John Scotus,
if he did not actually attain to all the niceties of that subtle
doctor. Upon which Ambrose Cantianus in his commen-
taries informs us that he had so exactly mastered all the
writings of Scotus, that if they had entirely perished he
June, 21 Hen. VII., Henry Sale of Bedford did his homage to Sir Tho. B.
Coram Hamone Bniche arm° Ric' Massey et Willielmo Penketh capellanis
et Oliyero Bardisley et multis aliis.
In Ist Edw. YI. Sir Tho. Butler appoints Richd. Penketh, whom he calls
after the manner of that age his trusty servant, to he his aftomey to act for
him in a matter of husiness.
This Richard Penketh had on many former occasions heen named as the
trustee and confidential adviser of the second Sir Thomas Butler, and he
seems to have well deserved the confidence reposed in him. He died pre-
vious to the 19th Elizabeth, and as if his family could not outlive the
fortunes of the Butlers, under whom they had grown up, and whose ruin
was now impending, Penketh hall, the ancient seat of the Penkeths, seems
to have changed owners, much about the same time that Bewsey, the time-
honoured residence of the Butlers, passed into the hands of strangers ; for,
in the year 1624, we find Sir Tho. Ireland exchanging with Tho. Ashton
the hall and demesnes of Penketh, late the inheritance of Richard Penketh,
but at the same time carefully reserving to himself until the 2 Ist August
then next the right to remove ^' all & every the graffes, plants, and young
trees of fruit there growing." From this last passage it would seem that the
last of the Penkeths cultivated horticulture, a commendable taste, which
some passages in Shakspeare would lead us to infer was growing in favour
with the country gentlemen of his time.
INTRODUCTION. xli
would have been able to reproduce them from the treasures
of his memory so as almost to restore them in their former
integrity. The fame of his wonderful ability and eminent
learning so spread through the world, that being called into
Italy and induced by a great salary, he taught theology at
Padua, for a long time, as we learn from James Middendor,
in his fourth book of the Academies in Padua. In that place,
Penketh at the request of his auditory, printed all the works
of Scotus, as we learn from James Bergoman, — who at the
same time commends Penketh's memory. Returning home
to this country, he was created provincial of his order for
England and Ireland. But, alas ! the dangers that attend on
mighty minds! In the year 1483 he united with Randle
Shaw, a doctor in theology, in the wicked design of raising
the usurper Richard to the throne, and of rejecting the pos-
terity of Edward IV.; which design, although it in some
measure succeeded, yet cast such a stain upon the fame of
Penketh, and of his order in England, as could never after-
wards be effaced. Nevertheless, his learning will enjoy an
immortality of fame ! He died and was buried in his mo-
nastery in London, on the 21st of May, 1487."
PitssBus has subjoined to the above account a long cata-
logue of the writings of Penketh; and some of these, printed
at Padua, are among the earliest specimens of printing in
Italy. One of these, a handsome printed volume, dated in
M.GCOC.Lxxiiu., now deposited in the Warrington Museimn,
which is established on the site of Penketh's early home,
has the following colophon: —
/
xlii INTRODUCTION.
'^Hsec Albertua ^o Stendal oolibeta magister
Altiloquentis Sooti fonnis ubemma pressi
Religione sacra et diva celeberrimuB arte
Claras et ingenio Augostim ex ordme Thomas
Impressum purgavit opus studio integer omni
Anglia cui patria et generis cognomine Penketh/^
The fame of an Italian university stood high in Penketh's
day, — and hence it is easy to understand his desire
''To see fair Padua^ nursery of arts ;'^
for in that place his order had long enjoyed a distinguished
reputation; and at the death of Petrarch, in June, 1387,
exactly a century be£3re his own decease, the funeral oration
oyer the poet's grave was pronounced by ''the Seraphic
doctor," Bonaventura da Praga, {Enc. Met. vol. ii. p. 646,)
of the order of the hermits of St. Augustine, (Camp. Life of
Petrarchj vol. ii. p. 312;) a translation of one of whose
works, in manuscript, is among the curiosities of the Chet-
ham Library.^
But Penketh's deflection from duty in the afl^ of bas-
tardising the children of King Edward lY., in order to
advance the interests of an usurper, has made his name
fiuniliar to thousands, who have never heard either of his
great learning, or of his numerous works ; and such is the
prerogative of genius, that in the short speech put into the
mouth of Glo'ster —
1 6690. Bonaventara, (S.) " The Merour of the hlesside Ljfe of Jesos
Christe, made English ; with sev* tracts of Richard the Hermit." Bonayentore's
works are common in manuscript. One of them, ^^De mysteriis Passionis
Jesu Christi," may he seen in the library of the Dean and Chapter, at Lincoln.
INTRODUCTION. xlili
^'Qo, Loyel, with all speed to Doctor Shaw; —
Go thou to Friar Penker ; — bid them both
Meet me, within this hour, at Baynard^s castle/'
our immortal bard has linked the firiar's name to immor-
tality, — and given us at the same time the only name con-
nected with this immediate locality which is any where to
be found in his works.
No tradition respecting Friar Penketh remains in the
neighbourhood at the present day. Among his many ao-
quirements, alchemy, astrology, and the black arts, do not
seem to have been ascribed to him ; and it was hardly to be
expected that his studious habits as a disputant^ or a theo-
logian, would acquire him much popular renown outside the
limits of his cloister, or that his &me would be heard in the
neighbourhood, after the hand of the spoiler had so long
overthrown the early home in which he had acquired his
learning. Penketh was spared the pain of seeing the
plough-share pass over the scene of his first studies; and
doubtless, amidst the perplexity of his later years, and in
the shipwreck of his &me, he would often turn with fond
regret towards the priory at Warrington, in whose quiet se^
elusion he had found the tranquillity to which he had subse-
quently been a stranger. He died in 1487, just four years
after the birth of Luther, who began his early career as a
friaar of Penketh's order.
In 1506 it is recorded in the Butler papers, ( Contrtimtions
to the early history of Warrington^ by Dr. KendrickJ that
Sir Thomas Boteler received in the priory the homage of
one of his tenants. The notice is as follows: — '*XII die
Xliv INTRODUCTION.
mensis Aug'ti anno xx"* Henry VII. Rob*"" Blundell fil.
Willi Blundell did his homage to Sir Thomas Boteler, k*- at
the freris of Weryngton, afore Hugh Boteler, Thomas More,
and Sir William Plumtre w'th many others. Id. Rob'tus
pay'd his releyf the xiii"* day of March, anno prsBdicto
xxxiii"- iiii*^" And in 1516 (ibidy) we find Richard Slawright,
at that time prior of the hermit friars of St. Augustine of
Weryngton, one of the parties present at the entering upon
possession of a messuage and garden in " le heigh strete*' of
that town, leased by Rondle Sonkey to Oliver Berdisley.
When the royal antiquary, Leland, visited Warrington in the
reign of Henry VIII., the friary received from him this
passing notice, (vol. vii. p. 56,) " There is one church," and
" a freres Augustines at the town end."
But evil days were now approaching the ancient priory of
Warrington, and omens which could neither be misunder-
stood nor averted, portended its speedy downfall. We have
no particular account of its fall or surrender; nor do we
know whether Prior Slawright continued in office up to that
time, although it is probable that he did not. We know
indeed that he was still in office on the 16th August, 12th
Henry VIII., 1520, for on that day he witnesses the Will of
Sir Thos. Butler, and signs himself " Prior.'' And a passage
in the Inq. P. M., taken 4th July, 14th Henry VHL, 1523,
after the death of Sir Tho. Butler, would lead us to con-
clude that he had attained to the still higher honour of
becoming the general of his order, for it is said that the
knight died seised amongst other things ''de homagio et
servitio Ricardi gener. Augustini." The convent was pro-
INTRODUCTION. xlv
bably among those lesser houses whose doom was sealed
by the statute of the 26th Henry VIII. But the site re-
mamed in the royal hands until the thirty-second year of
that monarch's reign; when we find by the Records of the
Exchequer, (Jones's Iniew Hot. 102,) that it was granted
to Thomas Holcrofte, the greedy devourer of such posses-
sions. Holcrofte's fondness for acquisitions of this sort,
however, was the prompting not of reverence but of lucre,
and accordingly he retained the site of the friary at War-
rington only until he could find a profitable customer; and
in a very short time, by a deed dated 27th of September,
35th Henry VIII., three years fi-om the time of his pur*
chase, we find him re-selling the property to one John
Cawdwall, for £126, by the description of "All that his scyt
of the late house of Austen freirs of Weryngton w'h in the
countie of Lanc'r, nowe dissolved, w't all his messuages,
housses, buyldings, bames, stabuls, duff housses, orchards^
gardens; lands, and grounds, as well w't in as w't oute the
scyt, walke, circuyte, and pr'yncts of the said late housse of
Austen fireirs beyng ; Also one meadow called Blanche mea-
dow, cont^ 3 acres ; also a housse called the Kylne housse ;
also a crofte, and one duff housse thereon builded ; also too
little gardens, and too orchards ; also five tenements or cot-
tages ; also one other garden, all in Weryngton, to the said
housse of Austen freirs belongynge and apperteyninge, w'ch
the said Thomas Holcrofte late had of the gyfte and graunte
of our souraigne lord kyng Henry the eight, by his letters
pattents bearyng date at Westm'r the eyghtene daye of
June, in the xxxiii yere of hys gr'cious raygne." In this
Xlvi INTEODUCTION.
conveyance John Cawdwall covenants that he will not ^'lette
or interrupte the inhabitaunts of the towne of Weryngton
aforesayde for the usage and occupation of the churche of
the late freers aforesayde, according unto a lease thereoff
mayd by the said Thomas Holcrofte unto Sir Wyllyam
Plumtre, clerke; and also that he would suffer the said
Thomas Holcrofte to have the ingresse and r^;resse into all
and singuler the p'mysses to carrie awaye all the stone walls
of the sayd late freirs, whyche at thys pr'sent tyme be not
covred w'th any rouflfe." But the reformation begun under
Henry was not destined to hold an uninterrupted course,
and his daughter, unawed by the dictates and the example
of so absolute a father, re-introduced the ancient faith ; and
Holcrofte gave evidence of his prudence in seeking and ob-
taining from the new sovereign, under whom new views
were in the ascendant, a renewal of the grant made by her
&ther. The grant may be seen in the same repository as
the former, and a reference will be found to it in the same
index, (1st and 2nd Philip and Mary, rot. 143.) But Hoi-
crofte's possession was not yet quieted, for in the 6th Elizar
beth, {ibidy rot. 85,) he was summoned to shew by what
title he held the priory. Doubtless he was able to satisfy
this summons, although the result does not appear in the
index.
It does not appear for what period the lea^ to Plumtre
was to continue ; nor how long the public continued to en-
joy the use of the friary Church. From one of the Butler
papers, however, there is reason to think that the Church
was used down to the year 1592, and it was very probably
INTRODUCTION. xlvii
used to a much later period, and even down to the time
when Randle Holme made the record of its. monuments in
1640. An ancient gateway, forming one of the entrances,
remained standing until near the close of the last century ;
and with it disappeared probably the last vestige of the
various builcUngs comprized in Holcroft*s grants of which
there now remains not one stone standing upon another.
It were to be wished for the sake of the inhabitants, and
especially by the antiquary, that so venerable a monument
of the times as the friary Church had been spared to us, —
and that we might still have seen devoted to purposes of
religion, an edifice which had evidently some recommenda-
tions for the ecclesiastical architect as well as for the anti-
quary. But although the Church did not long continue to
be the resort of living worshippers, its cemetery must have
long existed as the favourite resting-place for their remains
in death, as the numerous remains of human bodies, of both
sexes, discovered there in different times, shew with abund-
ant evidence. In a topographical work entitled the British
TrmeUer, (p. 631,) the following account is given of the
discovery of a sepulchral stone on the site of the friary, and
which is now in the Warrington Museum : — "On the 26th
of September, 1779, in digging on the site of the ancient
priory, some workmen discovered, about three feet beneath
the mrface, a tombstone, which measured about seven feet in
length, and about one and a half foot in breadth, narrowing
from the top. No trace of letters could be discovered on
the stone; but the figures of a cross and a sword were
plainly visible. They were very perfect, and appeared to
xlviii INTRODUCTION.
have been well cut. On removing the stone there was found
underneath it a coffin, in which were the bones of a man,
and on the left arm a large withy stick. The upper part of
the skull appeared to have been broken off and displaced.
The coffin, which was rough and unwieldy, had been cut
from a solid log of wood, and had received no exterior
polish afterwards."
In reference to the wand found in the above coffin, it may
be mentioned that similar discoveries have been made else-
where, as for instance at Southwell, where (Thoroton's Noir
tinghamshire^ vol. iii. p. 89,) we are informed that in open-
ing an ancient coffin they found a wand lying by the body,
and something like the cover of a silver cup, which was
probably ^ paten. In this last case it may be inferred that
the deceased was an ecclesiastic, for we are informed by a
celebrated writer on British monachism, (Fosbroke, p. 103,)
that the wooden pastoral staff often found in the tombs of
abbots, might be the ferula^ which was a species of crosier.
In the Warrington case, however, the emblem of the sword
upon the tomb, and the broken skull of the tenant within,
seem to preclude the idea of his having been an ecclesiastic.
We may perhaps suppose him to have been some warrior, to
whom a pilgrim's wand was given on his being committed
to his cerements ; or the willow wand, which, in this coun-
try, has always been used as a substitute for the palm
branch, may have been placed in the warrior's hands, as an
emblem of victory in death. But about the year 1825 an-
other sepulchral stone was dug up on the site of the priory,
which is now also in the Museum, and is still in perfect
INTRODUCTION. xHx
preservation. There is upon it a sculptured cross ragulee,
from which is suspended a shield 1[)earing the arms of Hol-
crofte, and by the side of the cross one of the large two-handed
swords. Thomas Holcrofte, the grantee, was buried at
Weaverham. This tomb, therefore, could hardly have been
the tomb of the spoiler himself. It may, with some proba-
bility, be ascribed to Sir John Holcrofte, his elder brother,
who it is not imlikely shared in the prevailing feeling of the
neighbourhood as to the sanctity of the friary precincts.
It is not difficult for us at the present day to realize some
idea of ancient Warrington as it is described in the pages of
this volume. It was probably then destitute of both the
causeways by which it is now approached on the north and
south. Seacome tells us that it was so in 1495, when
King Henry VII. visited his mother at Latham ; and that,
considering this, the Earl of Derby erected a bridge, and
threw up a causeway across the marshes to the rising
ground on the Cheshire side. — {History of the House of
Stanley^ p. 42.) In its ground plan the town was straggling
and irregular. K we may judge from his short and pithy
description of the place, this character of Warrington ap-
pears to have struck Leland some half century afterwards,
as it would strike a stranger at the present hour.
In all our old towns the style of building was much more
picturesque formerly than it is at present; and we may judge
from some ancient specimens still remaining, that Warrington
was no exception, in this respect, to the times or the neigh-
bourhood. High and ornamental gables, with the upper
stories of the houses projecting above the lower, recessed
9
1 INTRODUCTION.
and shadowy porches, with handsome and spacious door-
waySy long ranges of narrow lights with quarrel panes,
through which the light was admitted by stealth, and the
whole front of the houses divided by ornamental panels of
black and white, distinguished in that age the exterior
architecture of Warrington houses. A type of what the
town then was might probably be found in some of the old
Grerman villages still standing near the banks of the Rhine.
Few of the streets were of sufficient width to set off this oma-
mental architecture to advantage, for the state of the times,
and the fashion of the age, when wheel carriages, save for
agriculture, were almost unknown in the provinces, led our
ancestors to contract the space between the two sides of
the street, — and in many cases, probably, opposite neigh-
bours might shake hands across the street from the win-
dows of the upper stories of their houses.
The wisdom of our ancestors was not shewn in this fea-
ture of their street architecture, — by which they contrived to
exclude, where both are much needed, the blessings of light
and ventilation. In every effort towards improving our old
towns, much of the difficulty consists in repairing this evil
committed at their original foundation. Timber so largely
employed as the building material of that day, while it
greatly contributed to the picturesqueness of the architec-
ture, exposed it at the same time to the more frequent
ravages of fire.^ This danger was greatly aggravated by the
-rars*
^ Brick, as a material in house architecture, was probably unknown in
our streets at that time, for in a rental of the lord of the manor so recently
as 1627, we read of a shop under the Mck house.
INTRODUCTION. 11
close proximity of house to house, and by the narrow inter-
val between different sides of the streets. Internally, the
houses of our forefathers would sink in comparison with
the habitations of the middle classes at the present day.
Their arrangement was bad and defective. The rooms,
except in a few instances designed for state, were low, small,
and badly lighted; while the division between different
apartments, was frequently effected by mere wood parti-
tions. The joinery and carpentry of that age, though pro-
bably more expensive, were inferior in execution to our own.
Under all these defects, it is evident that the ventilation of
their chambers must have been in excess ; which, in an age
when wood was the principal fuel, and coal,* even in this
neighbourhood, was comparatively little used, would make
the abodes of our ancestors cheerless and chilly. But yet,
as in the days of Horace the complaint was —
'^ ^tas parentum pejor avis tulit
Nos nequiores;"
^ Amongst the Tower records are three royal charters, bearing date re^
spectively, 3 Ed. II., 15 Ed. IL, and 12 Ed. III., and granting for the pur-
pose of effecting repairs in the bridges and pavements, certain temporary
customs on articles brought into Warrington for sale. In the two first of
these charters a custom of one farthing is imposed on every 100 faggots and
every 1000 turves, and of one halfpenny on every cart load of wood or wind
blown timber, and no mention is made of pit coal. But the last of the
charters imposes a custom of one penny on every 1000 faggots, one farthing
on every 10,000 turves, one penny on every ship load of turves, and one
halipenny weekly on every cart load of wood and coals (carbonum). Hence
it is evident that pit coal was not unknown to our ancestors in the times of
which we are treating, although probably its use at that period was by no
means extensive.
lii INTRODUCTION.
SO even in these days we may suppose that some improvements
had been introduced which were unknown to the preceding
age, — and which would doubtless give occasion of lamenta-
tion and complaint to some chronicler of the times.
** In the discourse prefixed to Holinshed's History,
IQuarterh/ Review for 1816, p. 418,] the writer speaking
of the increase of luxury, mentions three things especially,
that are marvellously altered for the worse in England ; the
multitude of chimneys lately erected — the great increase of
lodgings — and the exchange of treene platters into pewter,
and wooden spoons into silver and tin: and he complains
bitterly that nothing but oak for building houses is now
regarded; 'for when our houses' (says he) *were built of
willow, then we had oaken men ; but now that our houses
come to be made of oak, our men are not only become
willow, but a great many altogether of straw, which is a sore
alteration.' But though they had wooden spoons, they had
nothing in the shape of a fork, but took the meat out of
the dish with their fingers ; as is clear from Tom Coryate,
who, in 1608, half a century afterwards, travelled through
France, and introduced the use of forks at his return home,
from which he was afterwards called Furcifer."
In that age, and for a long period afterwards, the shops
of the tradesmen were open stalls, without windows or glass;
and our ancestors had need to be a patient, as well as a
sturdy race, when they waited behind their counters for
their customers in the cold and gloomy days which visited
Lancashire in the olden time, as they still continue to do at
the present day.
INTRODUCTION. Uil
r
" But eke that age despised niceness vaine^
Enured to hardnesse and to homely fare,
Which them to warlike discipline did traine/'
Fairy (^en, c. viii.
Even at that period, population was felt to be pressing upon
the means of subsistence ; but the feeling must then have
been comparatively slight, and the architects of the time,
not confined to measure land by the yard, did not curtail
the houses they built of the buildings demanded in the rear
by health or convenience. The crowded abodes now used
by the poor were consequently unknown. The problem,
how large a number can subsist in the smallest space,
remained for the present time to solve ; a problem which,
while it shews man's wilful efforts to counteract the designs
of Providence, shews also the wonderful machinery with
which his frame is endowed, and by which he can exist
under a seeming reversal of the order designed by the
Creator, and become habituated to evils which appear to
contradict nature. No animal, man excepted, can adapt
itself to the alteration and vicissitudes of all climates, and
of every varying state. Man only can endure equally the
burning heat of the tropics, and the piercing cold of Nova
Zembla; and, passing from the pursuits of rural life and
the healthy atmosphere of the country, his frame in a short
time becomes reconciled to the close confinement and the
vitiated air of the town. It is not to be supposed that these
adverse circumstances do not produce their eflfect upon the
duration of life ; but that man is able to endure them even
to the extent he does, is another proof how just is the
liv INTRODUCTION.
Psalmist's exclamation, that '' we are fearfully and wonder-
fully made."
Our modem luxuries of gas and water-works, as well as
the wonderful convenience of canals and railways, were
things unrevealed, even in vision, to the chronicler of these
ancient pages. Our noble river, in one direction more navi-
gable, though less navigated in his day, was free from the
impurities with which population and manufactures have
since corrupted its waters. No effort had been made to
render the stream navigable towards Manchester ; and pro-
bably various fish-yards. and other similar enclosures, would
interrupt its course above the limits of the tide. In those
days, when the necessity was greatest, our ancestors did not
possess the use of a fire engine. They certainly had neither
a stage coach, nor any public conveyance, — and locomotion,
especially to distant places, must have been in that age
a work of time and diflficulty. The via bigalis de Arpley,
and several similar ways, are mentioned. The wain, whence
the name was derived, was probably the only carriage
known in Warrington at that time.
The four principal approaches to the town will be found
to have existed then, as now, for all of them are mentioned
in the manuscript, and some of them by several names,
although they are not all of them designated after the
great towns to which they lead. Thus, we have —
I.
Via ducens a villa de Werington versus Knottisforthe.
Alta via ducens a villa de Lacheforthe versus civitatem
Cestri^e.
INTRODUCTION. Iv
II.
Via ducens a villa de Newton versus Wegan.
Via quse ducit a ponte de Werington usque ad villam de Hulme.
Vicus qui ducit a foro de Werington versus Longeforthe.
Regia strata quse ducit a foro de Werington versus Beawsee et
Wynwhick.
III.
Alta via ducens a ponte de Sonky usque ad Sonky Grene vocata
Hudde Lane.
Via ducens a viUa de Werynton usque ad Prescote.
Via ducens a Weryngton versus Sonky.
IV.
Via ducens ab ecclesia ad Wulstone.
The map of a portion of Warrington, which is prefixed to
this work, will be rendered more intelligible if we insert a
list of the principal streets and public places mentioned in
the manuscript, adding to it their modern names. It
will be found from it that the majority of the places
occurring in the manuscript continue to be called by their
ancient names at the present day. Thus : the Forum de
Weryngton, is the Com Market; Sonky gate, is Sankey
street; Slycher's lane, is Slutcher's lane; Bonke street, is
Bank street, and Mersey street; Venella vocata Hethe
strete, is Fennel street; Kyrke street, is Church street;
HoUay lane, is Howley lane ; Marketh yate, is Market gate ;
Whyte cross, is White cross; Cocagium, is Cock hedge;
Longforthe, is Longford ; Bag lane, is School lane ; Pratte-
rowe, is the North side of the Corn Market ; Newgate, is
Bridge-street ; and Hallus walle, Hallums walle, or Halluns
Ivi INTRODUCTION.
walle, is the place called the Running Pump. Mersey water,
or as it is more than once called, the Sea of Mersey, Hough-
ton-brook, Wulston-brook, Bruch-brook, and Risshefeld-
brook, are natural objects which it was hardly likely should
undergo a change, — and they continue to be known by
their ancient names at the present day.
There are some scenes described or referred to in the
manuscript, which while they forcibly contrast with events
in the present day, enable us to realize very vividly the
times in which the author wrote. One of such scenes, de-
scribed at page 45 of the original manuscript, under the
head of Sankey Magna, may help us to recal one of those
ancient halls so graphically represented by Mr. Nash, where
the feudal baron, surrounded by his retainers, in the pictu-
resque habits of the age, receives the homage of his vassal.
The passage is as follows — " Imprimis Ranvlphtts jilius et
hseres Mathei^ de Ria^ton de Sonky Magna tenet de praedicto
Petro Legh per servitium militare et fecit homagium et
fidelitatem suam praedicto Petro die Jovis proximo ante
festum conceptionis BeataB Mariae Virginis anno regni regis
Edwardi quarti post conquestum Angliae quinto [i.e. on
Thursday, the 5th of December, 1465,] in presentia istorum
quorum nomina hie sequuntur, videlicet Ricardi Kygheley*
Petri Legh junioris filii dicti Petri Legh militis [who died,
^ The reader will find a curious Parliamentary fraud ascribed to an an-
cestor of this Matthew, (who is, by mistake, called Matthew de Rissheton,)
in Baines's Lancashire^ vol. i. p. 305, in notis.
^ Probably of the family of Kygheleys of Inskip. Henry Kygheley, of
this family, married Cicely, a daughter of the first Sir Thomas Butler.
INTRODUCTION. Ivii
as the pedigree shews, within three years afterwards, in the
lifetime of his father,] et Willielmi Irland armigerorum,
Thomae Irland fratris dicti Willielmi, Mathaei Domvill,
Mathaei Fowler, capellani, Petri Wudeok capellani, Ricardi
Assheton, Ricardi Prestall, et multorum aliorum ibidem
circumstantium.'*
l^e reader who desires to know more particularly the
probable habits of the laymen present at the above cere-
mony, may glean some insight into the subject from Blox-
ham's Glimpses of Monumental Architecture^ p. 199, where,
by means of information derived from ancient tombs, the
author has enabled us to recal our ancestry '^ in the very
robes they wore.** How strange it is that we should be
indebted to the place of decay, for the only means of preser-
ving to us many objects of so much interest to the anti-
quary, — as if our customs, like ourselves, could only obtain
immortality through the tomb !
The frequency with which moated houses are mentioned
in the manuscript, as for instance at page 45 of the original,
where, under the head of Sankey, we have the following
description, — ^^Manerium de Pele in villa de Sonky Magna
cum cameris coquina, &c. cum fossa paludili circumclusum,''
gives us a strong idea of the insecurity of society in those
times. Locks, and bolts, and bars, might have guarded our
fore&thers against the common marauder ; but the Bewsey
tragedy, which if not true has at all events an air of proba-
bility about it, and the story told by Mr. Ormerod of the
curious domestic war at Stanney, {HarL MSS. 2046, d. 35.
quoted in Ormerod's CheshirCy) are sufficient to shew that.
Iviii INTRODUCTION. ^
in those days, it required more than a metaphor to make
an Englishman's house his castle. Some of these moated
houses, and the ruins of the castles which preceded them,
are picturesque memorials of a former age which serve to
make us thankful that the dominion of the law is better
established, and that under its strong, but silent influence,
we maj rest more securely than our hardy forefathers did
behind their ditches and drawbridges, portcullises and ma-
chicolations.
The lawyer who reads this manuscript^ will not fail to be
struck with the large number of dowresses spoken of in it
Dower, seems in that age, to have been the constant provi-
sion to which the wife succeeded upon her husband's de*
cease. It was a provision which suited the simplicity of
the times, when education was rare amongst the middle
classes, and personal estates were of small amount. Here,
in that day, Tranio could not have made the flourish which
he did in Padua, when he offered in settlement upon his
wife —
''Three great argosies; besides two galliasses.
And twelve tight gallies.^^
Taming of a Shrew, act ii.
However large a modem rent roll, you will find in it no single
instance of a dowress amongst the widows who represent
the deceased tenants.
The general reader, as well as the lawyer, will remark
also the great variety of the tenures and services by which
^ This remark is meant to apply to the whole of the manuscript, and not
merely to the part now published.
INTRODUCTION. Hx
our fore&thers held their lands at the time when this^
manuscript was compiled, and the wide difference existing
between some of them and our own. Besides the tenure
"in capite per servitium militare," which was strictly mili-
tary in its nature and origin, we meet with the following
tenures and services, which for the most part explain their
own nature, — "Tenendum ad voluntatem," to hold at will;
"ad terminum annorum/' to hold for a term of years; "red-
dendo tres quartronas piperis,'* rendering three-quarters of
a pound of pepper; "reddendo per annum unum quad-
rantem et unam rosam," rendering every year one farthing
and one rose ; (this juxta position of the rose and the far-
thing, will recal to the reader's mind a curious allusion to a
combination of these two objects in Shakspeare's King John,
act i. sc. 1 ;) " reddendo de capitali redditu per annum vide-
licet tres denarios cum uno porco takkato vel sex denarios,"
rendering as a yearly chief rent, three pence with one fat
pig, or sixpence; "reddendo tres denarios et unam libram
piperis," rendering three pence and one pound of pepper;
"tenendum tenura operationis per licentiam dicti Petri,"
holding by the tenure of doing certain work at the option
of the landlord; "ducentem ad introitum ex voluntate dicti
Ricardi," liberty to use a w^ay leading to an entry during
the pleasure of the said Richard.
We have too a great number of rents which are to be
rendered either in money or in services, at the option pro-
bably of the lord, as for instance, these — "Una dies im-
plendo bigam fimalem quae valet duos denarios," one day's
service in filling the dung cart, which is worth two pence;
Ix INTRODUCTION.
^^una dies faciendo foenum quae valet unum denaiium," one
day's work at hay-making, worth one penny; "duobus die-
bus autumpnalibus^" two days' service in autumn; '^quatuor
dies una ad metendum quae valent octo denarios," four
days' service, one of them in mowing, the worth of all which
is eight pence; ^^una dies cum erpica quae valet quatuor
denarios," one day's service with the harrow, worth four
pence; ''una dies mittendo granum ad bigam," one day's
work in loading com upon the wain.
On a review of the several holdings mentioned in the
manuscript, we find that a single acre of meadow land in
Arpley, probably of the first quality, let for 3s. 4d. a year.
That two messuages and gardens in the market place, pro-
duced each a rent of 8s. 4d.; and another newly-built house,
in the same situation, fetched a rent of lis. 4d. Two gar-
dens are let, the one at 3s. and the other at 2s. rent. Seve-
ral other messuages fetched a rent of 5s. 4d. each; while
sixteen other houses, let with one hundred and twenty-eight
acres of land, fetched the gross sum of £13. 14s. 8d., or
about 2s. l|d. per acre, accounting the houses as merged in
the value of the land. In another case, where land is let
without a house, we find four acres let at a rent of 4s. 2d.
or Is. ^d. per acre; and this probably would be nearly the
average rent of farming land in Warrington at that day.
In this estimate the personal services, where they are
payable, are accounted for at the commutation price fixed
upon them in the rental, that is —
One day's service with the harrow 4d.
One day filling the dung cart, at 2d.
INTRODUCTION. 1x1
One day iu autmnn 2d.
One day^s mowing 2d.
One day at liay-making Id.
K we add one-third to the amount of these several rents,
we shall have their value in our present money, and we
shall consequently perceive how greatly the times have
changed, and how the proportionate rental of different
properties has varied. In the year 1464, as we learn from
Adam Smith, a quarter of wheat was worth 10s. of our
present money, while the same quantity would probably, in
round numbers, be now worth sixty shillings; but six times
the amount of any of the above rents would very inade-
quately represent the present money value of the rental
of the property; for while this process would hardly give
us a sixth of the present rental of the land, it would assu-
redly not give us more than a tenth of the rental of houses
and buildings, a Cheshire acre of land, near the town, being
worth more than £6, and houses, such as those mentioned
in the manuscript, being now let for about £26.
The services required from all tenants at the date of the
manuscript were a remnant of the feudal customs, and had
their origin in the necessities of the times. At a time when
money was scarce the landowner had no way of securing
the labour he required except by reserving it as a part of
his rent. ''The prelates, barons, and other proprietors of
land," says Henry, in his History of England^ vol. x. p. 171,
'' kept extensive tracts of land around their castles^ which
were called their demesne lands, in their own immediate
possession, and cultivated them by their villains, and by
Ixii INTRODUCTION.
hired servants, under the direction of their bailiffs. But
these great landholders having often led their followers into
the fields of war, their numbers were gradually diminished,
and hired servants could not be procured on reasonable
terms." But this reservation of services was early felt to
be a considerable grievance to the commonalty, for we are
told by Froissart, (vol. ii. p. 652,) in a former age, that the
variety of services required by the lords, was amongst the
alledged causes of the rebellion headed by Wat Tyler, —
^'The commonalty are bound by law, and custom, to plough
the lands of the gentlemen, to harvest the grain, to carry it
home to the barn, to thrash and winnow it: they are also
bound to harvest the hay, and carry it home." On the sale
of the Manor of Warrington in 1628, a regular account was
taken of the number and value of the services of this kind
to be performed yearly by the tenants of the estates for-
merly belonging to the Butlers, and it was found that there
were —
Thirty-six ploughs at 4s. 8d. each.
Forty harrows at 7d. each.
Sixty-six shearers and fillers of dung at 4d. each.
Some of these boon services have already disappeared, but
others still continue in various parts of the country ; these,
however, are fast wearing out, and it will probably not be
long ere they finally disappear. Money in the market it will
be found will secure better services than those which are
rendered in this indirect way, — while those who render
them must find the burden oppressive and vexatious.
The fencing and enclosing of fields by hedges and ditchei^
INTRODUCTION. Ixiii
now so universal in this neighbourhood, must have prevailed
to a considerable extent at the date of this manuscript, for
we meet with mention of this circumstance on almost every
page.^ But there were in that day large commons called
heaths, still remaining uninclosed on different sides of the
town, all of which have been long since brought under culti-
vation. Besides the " fovea" or pit, which was very probably
a fox earth, we find frequent mention of the " puteus" or
well, and the *'fons" or "fons scaturiens," the springing foun-
tain. Of the several kinds of land, mention is made of the
"pratura" or meadow, the "terra arabilis" or ploughed land,
and the "terra frisca" or fresh land. The tumbrel and the
arable land had established their alliance in those days;
and it might have been wished that the writer of the manu-
script had given us more glimpses into the modes then in
use of cultivating or improving the soil. We read often of
fields which are called the Brandearth; whence we may, I
think, infer that the mode of bringing the soil under culti-
vation, by burning the turf or surface, was then, as it con-
tinued to be until lately, in use in this neighbourhood.
There are a few, but not many other allusions to this sub-
ject: — "Duo magni putei marlerii," two large pits of marl,
are mentioned in one place ; and we read of a " campum
noviter marleriatum," a field recently marled; "una acra
terrse cum uno approvamento ad marlerium superponendum
^ Dr. Henry, in his History of England^ vol. x. p. 172, informs us that
the practice of enclosing hecame very general at this period, and occasioned
prodigious clamours ^m those who mistook the effect of depopulation for
its cause.
Ixiv INTRODUCTION.
et faciendum terram arabilem," one acre of land with one
enclosure to be marled and made into arable land ; '' magna
mora sive mossetum ad serviendum tenentes ad terricidia
fodenda et ad pasturanda cum animalibus," a great moor or
moss, to serve the tenants for digging turves and for depas-
turing their cattle.
No uniform system of measures seems to have been
enforced amongst our ancestors at the period of the manu-
script The habit wliich has now become inveterate had
already commenced, and accordingly we read of a quantity
estimated ^^ secundum operationem aratri et non per men-
suram," according to the working of the plough and not by
measure ; and of *^ una acra terrsB secundum mensuram de
Makerfelde/' an acre of land according to the measure of
Makerfield. This was probably the Lancashire measure of
seven yards to the rod.
It is popularly said in Paris that there is no family
of that vast city whose ancestors can be shewn to have
resided there one hundred years ago; and although like
most generalities, the assertion may be exaggerated, yet
it is certain that the condition of that gay and sunny
metropolis has been hitherto unfavourable to health, and
that the bulk of its inhabitants are consequently of a mi-
gratory rather than an hereditary character. If we could
pursue the enquiry, it might be a curious question how
many of the femUies now settled in Warrington were to
be found here in the time of Edward IV. Whoever is
acquainted with the modem town, will recognize amongst
its ancient names, the names of many families who still
INTBODUCnON.
Ixv
continue to be settled there.^ We find in the manuscript
the names of —
Andrewe.
Arosmethe.
Assheton.
Berdisley.
Bruche.
Balfirante.
Barker.
Blakehurste.
Byrom.
Bullynge.
Belle.
Baxter.
Blundell.
Clialon.
Clerk.
Chaloner.
Cowper.
Demelaff.
Dawne.
Dychefelde.
Demdowe.
Dene^ Jak of the.
Doghton.
Fawkaner,
Metcher.
Fozelpwe,
Fulschagh.
Fyrell, Colin.
Garnet.
Gerrard.
GyUe.
Hatton.
Hardewar.
Hurlstools or Urlestolea.
Hakynsall.
Herdeman.
Holme et Hulme.
Hoggekynson.
Holbrooke.
Hyndeley.
Hey^ Jak of the.
HiUe.
Jamesson.
Kenian.
Ejllurmarghe.
Kyngeley.
Le Fytche.
litche.
Latdieforthe.
Langeton,
Longetre.
Mather or Madnr.
1 ..1.
^ Some few of these names belong to other parts of the manusfcsript, aa4
not to the portion now published.
a
t
IVl INTRODUCTION.
Mnnke.
Spyoer.
Makyiison, aliter dictus Ro-
Sale.
gerus del Wode.
Swanne.
Mulyugton.
Sporis.
Massy.
Sothewurthe.
Mason.
Sothume.
Nonreis.
Sawer.
Nayler.
Sonky.
Ody.
Torfote.
Parr.
Thomdynson^ Jak.
Piilforthe.
Twysse.
Potour.
TykyU.
Pepir.
Turton.
Patnn.
Tyrehare.
Perryn.
Urlestoles.
Pasmethe.
Wadyngton.
Pigot.
Wode.
Pyketon.
Wilkynson.
Richerop.
Webster.
Rixton.
Wodecok.
Ryder.
Warbnrton.
Roby.
Walton.
Rysseley.
Wylme, Jak.
Sadler.
A few of the above names, which are evidently of French
origin, may have been imported with their owners after
the wars of France. Two others are evidently soubriquets,
bestowed probably from some circumstance in the owner's
personal history. The word Jameson is spelt according to
the Scottish pronunciation of the word, as the name of
INTRODUCTION, Ixvil
the neighbouring viUage of Winwick/ is spelt Qwinwick or
Wynqwik ; while Whitaker, appears as Qwyteakyr ; a mode
of spelling which is also Scottish in its character. We find
the family of Torfote frequently occurring in Cheshire In-
quisitions, in connexion with the sergeanty of the gaol at
Frodsham. Another name, the name of Urlestoles or Hurl-
stools, may remind the reader of that Scottish incident re-
corded in Sir Walter Scott's Tales of a Grandfather, (vol. i.
p. 200, second series,) when Jenny Geddes aimed her stool
at the preacher's head, in the high Church of St. Giles.
An antiquary will think the name of Berdisley, which is
found in the list, worthy of remark from its connexion with
Sir Peter Leycester who tells us, {History of Bucklow Hun-
dred,) that Blanche, the fourth wife of Thomas; Leycester,
one of his ancestors, circ. 14th Henry VHI. was the rich
widow of Oliver Berdisley of Warrington, whose name has
occurred several times in the course of this Introduction.
In the list of her ancient inhabitants, there is one name
which every friend to Warrington will rejoice to find still
remaining — the name of Patten, — a name, which, as it is
one of our oldest local names, is also one of our best. May
that name be carried forward into the fixture for a still longer
period than it has already existed in our annals, — and may
it ever be, as now, amongst our names of highest honour !
^ We have a third spelling of this word in Barnes's HUiiofy of Lancashire,
vol. i. p. 277, where we read of Rohert le taillour de Wynequick ; hat each
of these instances falls short of the waste of letters committed hy Sir Thos.
Strickland, temp. Henry VI. who, in spelling Sandwich, uses the word
Sandwightith. — History of Kendal.
ixviii
iMTRODUcncnr.
A complete ILst ia here subjoined of the names^ of the
▼eral fields and places mentioned in the manuscript: —
NAMES OP FIELDS AND PLACES.
Axpeley.
Adreslade.
AldersweU.
Anglesey.
Aspunhedecrofte.
Asshedoles.
Braera de Overfarthe.
Bmera de Weryngton ve
lenduium ventriticum.
Borestone. Lyme.
Barborslande.
Bellynslande.
Brache hethe.
Betys fylde.
Brache holte.
Benferlonge. Bradley.
Bntterlache.
Beggersgreve.
Bromecrofte.
Byrlecrofte.
Cheretrehurste.
Chesterfylde in Newton.
Cocage.
Chestersyde in Newton.
Crawekylneakyr.
Crabbetrefelde.
Conyngreves.
Cumballwode.
Deerelache.
Daddefelde.
Dalcarr. Oiford.
DaTidis Torde.
Dokkeplokke.
Downehowse medo.
EUurgreye flatte.
Emmeakyr.
Fossa communis de fiollay.
Femeleghfelde.
Fytchlande.
Fytchakyr.
Frere medo.
Fossa communis campi de Ar-
peley.
Geldyngesheye.
Gyllefylde.
Gillelande.
Gale Sperihe.
Hobbeakyr de Lymme.
^ A few of these names occur in other parts of the manoBcript, and not
in the part now puhlished.
INTRODUCTION.
Ixix
Holeakyr. Orford.
Halluswalle.
Hellehole.
Hankeye.
Hawryddinge.
Hamimdisholiae.
Homur plokke.
Ince lande.
Irpuls erthe.
Kingesmedo.
Lawe erthe.
Larkejoyedoglie.
Le Allgreves.
Le Blewecrofte.
Le Brokeakyr. Orford.
Le Brande erthes crofte.
Le Brache heye. ^
Le Byttock.
Le Clayakyr at le Qwyteakyr.
Le Cokes erthe.
Le C!onielieye.
Le Coweheye.
Le Conyngreves.
Le CursepittebonkyB.
Le Carre dytehe.
Le Fytchelande.
Le Fyssherskeye.
Le Elaxe bnttes.
Le Gtosgreve.
Le Gtorsty akjnr.
Le Gale panok.
Le Heghe hadiande.
Le Henne greve.
Le Herrebanke.
Le Hole in HoUay.
Le Justmge butt.
Le Eylne heye.
Le Lache.
Le Laghers childerfelde.
Le Longeheye.
Le Lowefsyche.
Le Lytyll Walton heye.
Le Millwardescrofte.
Le Morslande.
Le Marlet heye.
Le Marchemanis feldes aliter
Goodemane's feldes.
Le Moresportemedo.
Le Magna spina in Arpeley.
Le Merbury's howse. Orfiord.
Le Marfeny.
Le Nasty shote.
Le Ovyncrofte.
Le Olerun bothe.
Le Peny plokke.
LePodell.
Le Fetehills.
Le Eoe heye.
Le Sparolache.
Le Snapepnttes.
Le Synfull heye.
Le Swanne's banke.
Le Sheppecote.
Le Whytyng eggc.
Ixx
INTRODUCTION.
Le Wardefylde.
Le Warthe.
Le Wethynflatte.
Le Wroe.
Moss heye.
Merbiuys lande.
Magot's fylde of Holcrofte.
Mykyllliawkyseglie^s crofte.
Old Yordes.
Parke felde. Orford.
Paynes felde.
-Pese crofte.
Peryn's felde.
Pyghull. Orford.
Pyghull. Warrington,
Pyke.
Pilothulle.
Pyper's yate.
Pynghull.
Pyket akyr.
Pons de Weryngton.
Rede erthe.
Bawrydding.
Stanfelde.
Sibotis medo.
Sowterserthe.
Sonky hawes.
Shorte doles.
Seint Mary's londe.
Swayngateakyr.
Spina de Arpeley.
Thystyllakyr.
Toddesbroke. Lyme.
Twystes.
Thomehedakyr.
Whytehynde's lowe.
Wetteshaghes.
Weteakvrs.
Weryngton hethe.
Wulfeputte. Lyme.
It will surprise the Warrington reader to find that Cock-
hedge, the Twystes, and Pighill, were ancient names slightly
varied four hundred years ago ; while some of the names
bestowed by our forefathers upon their fields, are sug-
gestive of thought, and serve to shew that they were by
no means unimaginative in their day. Thus we have the
** Lark-joy-clough," so named doubtless firom the delight
they attached to the harmony of that *' sweet singer at
heaven's gate.'' In the ** Curse-pit banks," and the " Sinful-
hey," we may perceive the shadowing of some dark legend
INTRODUCTION. IxXl
of witchcraft or superstition — some laying of a ghost —
or some imprecation of the Church. The fields called the
** Waxen lights," and the " Sleeper's grave,'* bore some con-
nexion with the Church's ofiices. The ^' Justing butt," calls
up ideas of the old romance, and of a picturesque amuse-
ment known to that age, but now forgotten. The ** Mickle-
hawkseyes croft," will remind us of the pursuits of falconry,
and the same sport, so much in favour with our ancestors,
is perhaps shadowed in the name of another field men-
tioned above, the " More-sport-meadow."
A word or two may perhaps be permitted on the dif-
ferent buildings mentioned in the book, and on their vari-
ous uses, amongst which we have the —
Aula. Messuagium principale.
Bastellmn. Magnum hospitium.
Boscarium. OpeUa sive shopa.
Baia in Oireo. Orreum decimale.
Camera. Orreum.
Coenaculum. Pandoxatorimn.
Coquina. Rstrina.
Comerimn. Pons tractabilis de Bradley.
Cellarium. Shopa.
Domus turbanorum. Stabulum.
Domus pro cortice arborum. Solarium.
Domus terricidiorum. Shipun or Shepun.
Falda ante ostium. TJstrina.
Haia.
What a crowd of reflexions does the word " bastellum" call
up, which is here used as a household word, but which.
Ixxii INTBODUCnON.
under the name of its French representative, has since ac-
quired a dreadful notoriety throughout the world. The
*« magnum hospitium'' of the manuscript, was possibly a great
inn, in those days ; and *' Moorsland,'' (p. 93,) was probably
the sign of it or of some other hospice, for we well know
that inns had their signs in that age ; and we may instance
the Tabard immortalized in Chaucer, and '* Le Rose super
le Hope," which is mentioned in the Calendar of Inquisttiam^
past mortem^ p. 357, anno 12th Edward lY. The achieve-
ments in the wars in Palestine, of the Cheshire heroes»
the Duttons, -T- who, at the date of the manuscript, had
assumed the name of Warburton, — were then sufficiently
recent to make an allusion to the Moors' land not un-
fashionable or unpopular. Although we have seen, from a
previous note, that pit coal was not unknown at the time
of the manuscript, yet there does not occur in the work
any mention either of coals or coal-houses; but we fre-
quently meet with both the '^domus turbariorum," and
^domus terricidiorum." There may be some doubt as to
the exact meaning of the word ^^ustrina," which occurs
very frequently in the book, which probably means an
oven; we can have no doubt, however, as to the mean-
ing of another word, the word ^^shopa^" which occurs
almost as frequently. But although we cannot doubt
what the word means, we may have great doubt what was
sold in the shops of our ancestors. We may be more cer-
tain as to what was not to be found there.
The discovery of the art of printing, an event perhaps the
most remarkable that has happened since the discovery of
INTRODUCTION. Ixxiu
letters, was then only a few years old, and possibly no
printed book had at that time been seen even in England.
We may be very certain, therefore, that printed books, that
great necessary of modem society, and the sale of which
now finds employment for five or six Stationers in War-
rington, were not to be found here in the time of the manu-
script. It is even doubtful whether articles of paper and
stationery formed part of the wares in which their owners
dealt at that time. Supplies of food and provisions, and
the homely manufactures in which our fathers were clad —
the frieze cloth and the linen webs such as are still worn in
the remote parts of the country — would probably form the
staple of their trade. There might be a few bowyers and
fietchers, and not a few armourers and smiths, — all of
whose tough commodities were in great demand in those
days. That valuable root, the potatoe, which now enters
so largely into Lancashire diet, — and that other vegetable,
tobacco, which enters almost as largely into Lancashire
luxury, — were alike unknown ; and consequently were not
articles of trafiic in the ancient shops of Warrington.^ The
^ The tliree royal charters, mentioned in a preceding note (p. li.) will
help us to some particulars of the articles imported into Warrington, and
most of which were sold in our shops in the times of the second and third
Edward, for we read in ihem that a custom was imposed on salt; on hacon;
on cheese, (prohahly from Cheshire;) on hutter; on lampreys; on salmon;
on pelts of sheep, goats, stags, hinds, deer, does, hares, rahhits, foxes, cats,
and squirrels; on cloths, in the entire piece ; on grice work, (i.e. fur made
of the skins of the blue weasel;) on Cordovan leather; on oil in flasks,
(lagenas olei;) on hemp; on Unen wehs; on Aylsham wehs of linen; on
k
Ixxiv INTRODUCTION.
genius of maou&ctures had not yet made South Lancashire
his home, and the cotton plant, the means in modem times
of developing the energies of this neighbourhood, and making
her people known to fame for intelligence, industry, and
manufacturing skill, had not then sent forth from the Mersey
those thousand sails which, crossing and re-crossing the
broad Atlantic, seem to weave, as it were, into one web, the
mutual interests of the old world and the new.
But even in that day the Saxon tendency to advance in
station was manifest amongst the traders of Warrington ; for
we find in the 22nd Henry VL, William Arosmyth of War-
rington, mercer, is associated with Sir William Haryngton,
the Bishop of Durham, and other knights and gentlemen, as
a feoffee and trustee of Sir John Butler's estates ; and a very
few years later, Oliver Berdisley, another Warrington trader,
was thought a person of sufficient importance to be present
amongst the gentry at Bewsey when Hamo Ashton performed
his homage to Sir Thomas Butler. — Lord Lilford's Papers.
The book enumerates the trades, professions, or callings^ of
Capellanus. Glover.
Presbyter. Le Webster.
canvas, Irish cloUifi, Gralways (Oalweth), and worsteds; on silks, diapered
with gold (de Samite) and tissue; on silks without gold; on sendal; on
cloth of haudekin ; on gads of maple, and on Aberdeen gads ; on every ton
of wine, (et cineni;) on honey; on wool in sacks; on tm, brass, copper,
iron, and lead; on alum, copperas, argil, and verdigris; on onions and
garlic; and on stock fish, salt mullet, herrings, and sea fish, amongst a
number of other articles.
^ Some of these callings do not occur in that part of the manuscript
which is now published.
INTttODUCTION.
Aqiiffibajulus.
Le Nayler.
Jurifl Peritus.
Millward.
Arrowsmith.
Mason.
Citherator.
Smith.
Kper.
Pisher.
Sowter, i.e. 1
Shoemaker.
Maier.
Cook.
Thatcher.
Puller.
Swain.
Ixxv
Out of the entire list of twenty, three of the number
have reference to the religious duties of the people, — the
" presbyter" or priest, the ** capellanus" or chaplain, and the
*' aqu^bajulus" or clerk; one only, the "jurisperitus" or
lawyer, has to do with the defence of their temporal rights ;
four of them, the " glover," the " webster," the " sowter" or
shoemaker, and the *' fuller," are connected with the clo-
thing of the people ; three others, the "fisher," the "miller,"
and the " cook," are to be clarified as having to do with
their food ; whilst a tenth of the whole, the " citherator" or
harper, and the "piper," shew by their mode of employ-
ment, that the gravity of our forefathers was sometimes
relaxed by an indulgence in music and recreation.
It was no part of the scribe's business while chronicling
the Warrington tenants and possessions, to indulge in dis-
quisitions on natural history, — and accordingly the notices
he has left us on this subject are few, and very meagre.
We learn firom him, however, that the Austin firiars had a
walled orchard, well stocked with fruit trees ; but he does
not inform us what the fruit trees were. Of the larger
trees, however, he mentions, elsewhere, the "alnus" or
Ixxvi INTRODUCTION.
owler, the "ash,** the "birch," "bruche or brechin," the
"salix*' or within, the " quercus** or oak, the " tremula" or
aspen, the "elder," the "dumus'' or quickset, the "spina*" or
thorn, the "aspres" or bramble, the "rose,** the "wood-rose,"
the "arbutus" or strawberry tree, the " holly," the " black-
berry,'' the "crab tree," the "cherry tree," the "broom,"
and the " bruera" or heath.
The " arbutus," at the present day, will only flourish here
in protected situations. Are we to infer from this fact that
the climate of this district was milder at the date of the
manuscript than it is at present, or was the tree only a
rarity even at that period ? Of grain, and roots, we have
"granum" corn, wheat, barley, pease, vetches, kale, and flax;
while of the baser plants, we have fern, thistle, dock, and
moss. Among the winged tribes we find the crow, the
hawk, the lark, the whyting, the sparrow, the snipe, the
woodcock, the drake, the hen, the goose, and the swan.
The list of quadrupeds is but small. It contains the " por-
cus" or hog, the cow, the sheep, the deer, the hind, the roe,
the coney, among the animals useful as food ; while the fox
is mentioned often ; and we meet with one instance where
the wolf seems to have become only recently extinct in the
neighbourhood of Lyme. The adder is the only reptile
mentioned in the work.
Besides the ordinary description of fields, there occur in
the book a great variety of names for diflerent quantities of
land. Thus we have the acre, the " landa," the " bilanda^"
which is probably two lands, the " roda" or rood, the " far-
thing" or fourth part of an acre, the " hoUanda" or sixth
INTRODUCTION. IxXVli
part of an acre, the " dole," and the " tunge sharp," which
signifies a small angular piece of land; in which sense
the word continues to be tised in the neighbouring village
of Ashton at the present day. The '' slada," seems to mean
the same thing as the ^^pratum" or meadow. Then we
have the " filum terrae" or strip of land, and the " lectum''
or bed of land. Is it fanciful to suppose that the hadeland,
applicable as it is to the parts of the field lying nearest
the hedge, is derived from " Hades land" or the " Land of
Shades?"
But it is time to bring to a conclusion these remarks,
which have already extended beyond their due limits.
A subject so local as the present can hardly be expected
to possess an interest for the general reader ; but the Editor
believes that a description, so exact and minute as that con-
tained in this manuscript, of one of our provincial towns
nearly four hundred years ago, will recommend itself to the
antiquary by its own intrinsic curiosity, and will ask but
little aid from the labours of its Editor.
Something might have been done to illustrate the various
local pedigrees of this immediate neighbourhood. The fami-
lies of Bruche of Bruche, Massey of Bixton, Norris of Orford,
Penketh of Penketh, Bixton of Sankey, Sankey of Sankey,
Southworth of Southworth, and many others, well deserve
the notice of the genealogist. But the Editor has been
unable to pursue this part of the subject, and he can only
hope, therefore, that this, with many other defects of which
he is conscious in the present work, will be remedied by
some future enquirer.
IxXViii INTRODUCTION.
When the editor undertook the task of transcribing the
present work for publication, he was encouraged and as-
sisted in his undertaking by his friend, the Rev. Edmund
SiBSON, Vicar of St. Thomas's, in Ashton in Makerfield, in
this county, — a name deservedly known to Lancashire anti-
quaries. He fondly hoped that the undertaking so begun,
would have been conducted under the same valued auspices
to a conclusion, — in which case he should have committed
it to the Society and the Public with but little of the diffi-
dence and distrust which he now feels. But, alas! the
stroke of death, which was then impending, has since smit-
ten his excellent friend, and has removed beyond the reach
of this world's praise, or blame, a man, whose high reputa-
tion as a man of letters, an antiquary, and a mathemati-
cian, was his least recommendation, — and whose consistent
discharge of the relative and social duties, — and above all,
whose unwearied zeal in the performance of the duty of his
high office as a Christian Minister, — demand, to describe
them justly, a language which would sound like adulation.
Deprived of the assistance which he had calculated upon,
and which would have secured for his labours some value, the
editor has only to hope that the Society will extend to him
such a degree of favour as a workman may claim who sud-
denly loses his directing head at the outset of an anxious
adventure.
W. B.
Warrington^ August 14th^ 1848.
i
t
I
f-
9
«_
WARRINGTON
IN 1466;
AS DESCRIBED IN A CONTEMPORARY RENT ROLL
OP THE LEGH FAMILY.
EXTRACTUM
EX ANTIQUO LIBRO PENES THOMAM LEGH
DE LYME ARMIGERUM.
EXTRACTUM
£X ANTIQUO LIBRO PENES THOMAM LEGH DE LYME,
ARMI6ERUM.
** Desupbr irradia Scribbrti Gratia divina."
Memorandum quod principium scripturse istias libri fuit die Martis
in tertia septimana qiiadragesimse anno domini mitto cccc>°o sexa-
gesimo quinto, et anno regni regis Edwardi quarti post conquestmn
Anglise sexto.
Sciendum est quod redditus annualis scilicet et capitalis perti-
nens Petro Legh militi in villis de Burtonwode, Sonky Magna^
Werjmgton et Overfortlie receptus est ad festa annunciationis
Beatse Marise Yirginis et Sancti Michaelis Archangeli.
Hie incipit aboundarium abuttado sive limitacio omnium mane-
riorum, messuagiorum, terrarum, tenementorum, reddituum, et
serviciorum pertinentium Fetro Legh mUiti divisim jacentium
in diversis parochiis et villis infra comitatus Lancastri» Cestriae
et alibi.
De messuagiis terris et tenementis ad voluntatem dicti Petri
Legh militis in villa de Weryngton.
Johannes Fulshagh de Weryngton tenet de dicto Fetro in villa
prsedicta unum messuagium cum orreo et stabulo et parvo gardino
{Translation.J
EXTRACT
FROM AN OLD MANUSCRIPT IN THE POSSESSION OF
THOMAS LE6H, OF LYME, ESQ.
Mat Grace with Rat divine
Deign on the Scribe to shine.
Be it rememberedj that the writing of this book was begun on
Tuesday in the third week of Lent^ in the year of our Lord
1465^ and in the sixth year of the reign of King Edward lY.^ after
the conquest of England.
Be it known that the annual and chief rents belonging to Sir
Peter Legh, knight^ in the towns of Burtonwood^ Saukey Magna,
Weryngton, and Orford, are received at the festivals of the
Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and Saint Michael the
archangel.
Here beginneth the boundary, abuttal, or limits of all the ma-
nors, messuages, lands, tenements, rents, and services belonging
to Sir Peter Legh, knight, lying scattered in various parishes and
towns within the counties of Lancaster, Chester, and elsewhere.
Of the messuages, lands, and tenements held at the wiU of the
said Peter Legh, knight, in the town of Weryngton,
John Pulshaoh, of Weryngton, holds of the said Peter, in the
aforesaid town, one messuage, with a bam, stable, and small garden.
4
DE TBBRI8 £T TENEMENTIS IN WERYNGTON.
cum loco vocato Foldestidde jacentia et situata in Sonky gate^
yillse de Weryngton videlicet ex parte australi dicti strati vocati
Sonky gate jacentia in longitudine inter terram et messuagium
Willielmi Botiller^ in tenura Bicardi Wynyngton ex parte orientali
et terram dicti Willielmi Botiller in tenura Agnetis Barbor ex parte
occidentali et extendunt in latitudine a dicta strata de Sonky gate
ex parte boreali usque ad terram Ranulphi Bixton^ in tenura pr»-
dicti Bicardi Wynyngton ex parte australi.
^ Thi« rtreety and the place caUed Batter lache, subsequently mentioned, had
obtained their names as early as 14 Richard II., when John fil. Willi Perusson le
Bmythe de Weryngton grants to John Butiller of Weryington lands in Sonky
strete and in Boterlache. — Deeds in Lord Lilford^s possession.
The word gate, as applied here, seems to have meant street or way. It is used
in the same sense in King Lsar, act y. sc. i. : —
Glostsr. KnoVst thou the way to Dover 1
Edgar. Both stile and gate, horseway and footpath.
' When the name |of William Butler is mentioned for the first time, in a pre-
Tious part of the manuscript, he is called William Butler esquire, son and heir of
Sir John Bntler knight. Notwithstanding much investigation, the pedigree of the
Butler fiunily still continues in many parts obscure ; but the following portion,
showing the descent of William Butler, is thought to be tolerably well ascertained:
2d wife. Ist wife.
Margaret, daughter of Thomas, = Sir Jno. Butler, knt. "=» Anna, daughter of Sir
first Lord Stanley, widow of Sir
WiUiam Troutbeck. She sur-
vived Sir John Butler, and is
•aid to have afterwards married
Lord Grey of Godnor.
baron of Warrington,
bom 1430, obiit 26th
Feb. 1463.
John Saville, anno 30
Henry VL
Alioe,wifeof Margaret, wife of Johanna, daughter a= William, bom
SirNich. Byron Adam Troutbeck, of Sir WilUam 25 Nov. 1460,
of Clayton. who died 2 H. 8. Troutbeck, knight, died 1472 s.p.
Sir Thomas Butler, knight, heir
after the death of his brother,
bom 1460, died 1522.
' One of the Rixtons of Sankey, a family whose pedigree is entered in several of
the Lancashire visitations. They descended from a family of the same name at
LANDS AND TENEMENTS TN WERYNGTON. O
with a place called the Foldstead^ situate and lying in Sankey-
gate of the town of Weryngton^ that is to say on the south side of
the said street called Sankey-gate, lyiBg in length between a mes-
suage and land of William Botiller in the tenure of Bichard Wyn-
ington on the east^ and land of the said William Botiller in the
tenure of Agnes Barbor on the west ; and extending in breadth
from the said Sankey-gate on the norths to land of Bandle Bixton
in the tenure of the aforesaid Bichard Wynington on the south.
Bixton, and bore, like them, on a shield aif^ent, a bend sable charged with three
covered cups ai^nt. According to Baines, {Hist, Lane. vol. iii. p. 730,) Hall
Whittle, in the township of Sankey, is supposed to have been the family seat.
Smith's visitation of 1567 contains a short entry of the pedigree, from which the
following IB extracted ;
Matthew Rizton of = Johanna, who survived him, and
Warrington. afterwards married John Figot,
according to this MS.
I
Handle Bixton (above » Elizabeth, daughter of Mr.
Massey, of Wistaston, in
Cheshire, Gent.
mentioned.)
I I
Bichard, ob. sine Thomas = Maigery, daughter of
prole mas. Nicholas Butler.
It was probaUy to an ancestor of this family that the story told in the Eiitory of
Laneashirs, and referred to in the preface to this work, relates. The cups in
their armorial bearings seem to point to some alliance with the Butlers. In
1567, Sir Thomas Lynch, knight, was in possession of the family mansion of the
Bixtons in Grreat Sankey, which was then called the Pele, and which had descended
to him from his mother, the daughter and heiress of Thomas Bixton.
b DE TBRRIS ET TENEMBNTIS IN WBRYNGTON.
Item tenet unum croftam cum sepibus et fossis inclusum cum
quodam gardino parvo in parte boreali dicti crofti^ continentem tres
acras teme arabilis jacentem in quodam loco vocato Stanfeld^ vide-
licet ex parte australi preedicti strati de Sonky gate in latitudine
inter terram dicti Petri in tenura Ricardi Hardwar ex parte orien-
tali et terram prssdicti Petri in tenura Radulphi Sothume ex parte
ocddentali et extendentem in longitudine a dicta strata ex parte
boreali usque ad terram Petri Werburton in tenura Henrici Garnet
ex parte australi.
Item tenet quatuor acras terrse arabilis invicem jacentes in magno
campo vocato Arpeley jacentes super litus aquae de Merse ex parte
occidentali dicti campi de Arpeley in latitudine inter litorem [sic]
dictae aquae ex parte occidentali et terram Ranulphi de Bixton
in tenura Johannis Norreis ex parte orientali et extendentes in
longitudine a terra dicti Petri Legh in tenura dicti Ricardi Hard-
war videlicet quinque acris ex parte boreali usque ad terram prae-
dicti Petri Legh in tenura Johannis Hakynsall et terram Willielmi
Gerard de Ince et sdUcet terram Rogeri Arosmyth in tenura
Johannis Hille ex parte australi.
Item tenet duas acras terrae arabilis cum sepibus et fossis indusis
cum quadam acra de dote uxoris Johannis Pigot sed haereditate
Ranulphi Rixton inclusa cum dictis duabus acris praedicti Petri
Legh in loco vocato Weteakyrs jacentes inter terram sive campum
Willielmi Botiller in tenura Henrici Wodecok ex parte australi et
dictam terram sive acram diet* uxoris de Pygotintus inclusam ex
parte boreali et extendunt in longitudine a terra Petri Werburton
in tenura Henrici Garnet ex parte occidentali usque ad terram dicti
Willielmi Botiller in tenura uxoris Rogeri Clerk senioris ex parte
orientali.
Item tenet duas acras terrae et dimidiam arabilis in praedicto
loco vocato Weteakyrs cum sepibus et fossis inclusas jacentes in
longitudine inter dictam acram dictae uxoris de Pigot in tenura
Johannis Webster^ ex parte australi et quoddam pratum dicti Petri
' A John le Webster U mentioned in a deed dated in the reign of Edward III.
and which is given in a subsequent note.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WERYNGTON. 7
Also lie holds one croft inclosed with hedges and ditches^ with a
certain little garden on the north part of the said croft^ containing
three acres of arable land lying in a certain place called Stanfeld^
that is to say^ on the south part of the aforesaid Sankey-gate street^
in breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of Richard
Hardwar on the east^ and land of the said Peter in the tenure of
Balph Sothurne on the west^ and extending in length firom the
said street on the north as far as the land of Peter Warburton in
the tenure of Henry Oamet on the south.
Also he holds four acres of arable land lying together in the
great field called Arpeley^ lying upon the shore of the water of
Mersey on the west side of the said field of Arpeley^ in breadth
between the shore of the said water on the west^ and land of Randle
de Bixton in the tenure of John Norreis on the east^ and extending
in length from land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of the
said Bichard Hardwar^ namely^ five acres on the norths as far as
the land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of John Hakynsall^
and land of William Oerard^ of Ince, and land of Roger Arosmyth
in the tenure of John Hille on the south.
Also he holds two acres of arable land inclosed with hedges and
ditches^ with a certain acre of the dower of John Pigot's wife^ the
inheritance of Randle Rixton^ inclosed with the said two acres of
the aforesaid Peter Legh^ in a place called Weteakyrs^ lying be-
tween the land or field of William Botiller in the tenure of Henry
Wodecok on the souths and the said land or acre of the said Pigot^s
wife so inclosed, on the north, and extending in length from the
land of Peter Warburton in the tenure of Henry Garnet on the
west, as far as the land of the said WUliam Botiller in the tenure
of the wife of Roger Clerk, the elder, on the east.
Also he holds two acres and a half of arable land in the aforesaid
place called Weteakyrs inclosed with hedges and ditches, lying in
length between the said acre of the said Pigot's wife in the tenure
of John Webster on the south, and a certain meadow of the said
8 DB TERRI8 ET TENEMENTIS IN WERYNOTON.
Legh contmens septodecim acras prati ex parte boreali jacentes
etiam in latitudine inter terram Willielmi Gerard in tenura Rogeri
Clerk junioris ex parte oocidentali et unam acram teme quod dictus
Petros Legh et alii dicunt quod est de propria sua terra aed mode
in possessione dicti Willielmi Botiller et in tenura Willielmi
Barbor.
Item dictus Petrus Legh et alii dicunt quod dictus Petrus de
Legh haberet et ante hsec tempora antecessores sui habebant prae-
dictam acram in tenura dicti Willielmi Barbor jaoentem in latitudine
inter terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura Henrici Hatton ex parte
orientali et terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura dicti Johannis Ful-
shagh ex parte occidental] et extendentem in longitudine a terra dicti
Petri Legh in tenura Johannis Wilkynson ex parte boreali usque
ad terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura dicti Henrici Hatton ex parte
australi.
Item dictus Johannes Fulshagh tenet de dicto Petro Legh unam
parvam parcellam terrse ad finem borealem dicti crofti duarum
acrarum jacentem recte juxta pratum septodecim acrarum dicti Petri
Legh^ quae quidem parcella terrse quidam Johannes Cowper quon-
dam tenens dicti messuagii modo in tenura dicti Johannis Fulshagh
remansit dictam parcellam ante portam pnedicti crofti duarum
acrarum ad proficuum et aisiamentum dicti tenentis pro bestiis suis
ibidem tempore sestivali requiessendis^ quae quidem messuagium^
terre et tenementa prsedicta valent per annum triginta solidos cum
eervitio videlicet duobus diebus autumpnalibus quae valent quatuor
denarios.
Item Johannes Hardewar de Weryngton predicta tenet de dicto
Petro Legh milite unum orreum jacentem ad finem dictse stratse
vocats le Sonky gate cum ortis et croftis cum sepibus et fossis iu-
clusis oontinentibus tres acras terrse arabilis jacentibus in campo
vocato Stanfeld in latitudine inter terram Willielmi Botiller in
tenura Willielmi Kyngeley ex parte orientali et terram dicti Petri
Legh in tenura Rogeri Holbroke ex parte occidentali et extenden-
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WEKTNGTON. ^
Peter Legh^ containing seventeen acres of meadow on the north,
lying also in breadth between land of William Grerard in the tennre
of Roger Clerk, the younger, on the west, and one acre of land,
which the said Peter Legh and others say is of his own proper
land, but now in the possession of the said William Botiller and in
the tennre of William Barbor.
Also the said Peter Legh and others say that the said Peter de
Legh should have, and that heretofore his ancestors had, the afore-
said acre in the tenure of the said William Barbor, lying in breadth
between land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of Henry Hatton
on the east, and the land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of
the said John Fulshagh on the west, and extending in length
from land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of John Wilkynson
on the north, as far as the land of the said Peter Legh in the
tenure of the said Henry Hatton on the south.
Also the said John Fulshagh holds of the said Peter Legh one
small parcel of land at the north end of the said two-acre croft,
lying just beside the seyenteen-acre meadow of the said Peter
Legh, which same parcel of land one John Cowper, a former
tenant of the said messuage now in the tenure of the said John
Fulshagh, allowed to remain before the gate of the aforesaid two-
acre croft, for the profit and easement of the said tenant, to rest
his beasts therein in the summer time, which said messuage, lands,
and tenements aforesaid are worth year by the year thirty shillings,
with two days' service in autumn, which is worth fourpence.
John Haedewab, of Weryngton aforesaid, also holds of the
said Sir Peter Legh, knight, one bam lying at the end of the said
street called le Sonky-gate, with the gardens and crofts inclosed
by hedges and ditches, and containing three acres of arable land
lying in the field called Stanfeld, in breadth between land of
William Botiller in the tenure of William Kyngeley on the east,
and land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of Boger Holbroke
10 D£ TBEaiS BT TSNB11BNTI8 IN WBBYNOTON.
cia in longitodine a bruera de Weryngton ex parte boreali usque ad
dictam stratam de Sonky gate ex parte australi.
Item tenet de dieto Petro unam acram terrae arabilia jacentem
in le Wroe de Arpeley in latitudine inter dimidiam acram dicti
Petri Legh in tenura Johannis Wilkynjson ex parte ocddentaH et
terram dicti Williebni Botiller in tenura Willielmi Sporis ex parte
orientali et extendit in longitudine a terra dicti Willielmi Botiller
in tenura dicti WiUielmi Sporis ex parte australi usque ad terram
dicti Willielmi BotiUer in tenura Bicardi Wynyngton ex parte bo-
reali.
Item tenet quandam parcellam terrse arabilis jacentem super le
Warthe, videUcet ex parte ocddentaU pnedicti campi de Arpeley in
latitudine inter terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura Bicardi Hardwar
ex parte australi et terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura Johannis
Dychefeld ex parte boreali et extendit in longitudine a terra gleba-
lis rectoris de Weryngton in tenura Willielmi Holbroke ex parte
orientali usque ad terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura Willielmi
Mulyngton ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet novem parrse [sic] seliones jacentes invicem in predicto
loco Yocato le Warthe in campo de Arpeley jacentes in latitudine
inter litus aquse de Merse ex parte occidentali et terram dicti Petri
Legh in tenura dicti Johannis Dychefeld ex parte orientali et ex-
tendunt in longitudine a terra Willielmi Botiller in tenura Johan-
nis Wilkynson ex parte fere boreali et partim orientali usque ad
terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura Rogeri Holbroke ex parte fere
australi et partim occidentali.
Item tenet unam rodam terrse jacentem in Arpeley predicta vide-
licet ex parte australi spinse de Arpeley in latitudine inter terram
nuper uxoris Johannis Pigot^ de dote sua sed de hereditate Banul-
phi Bixton in tenura Alani Walton ex parte boreali et parcellam
terras Henrid Byrom in tenura dicti Johannis Hardewar ex parte
^ Amongst the followen of Sir Peter Legh at the battle of Agincoart, we find
the name of John Pygott, probably the tame person who iB mentioned here. See
Introdaction,
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WERYNGTON. 11
on the west^ and extending in length from Werjmgton-faeath on
the north as fear as the said Sonky-gate street on the south.
Also he holds of the said Peter one acre of arable land^ lying in
le Wroe of Arpeley, in breadth between a half acre of the said
Peter Legh in the tenure of John Wilkynson on the west^ and
land of the said William BotiUer in the tennre of William Sporis
on the east^ and extending in length from the land of the said
WiUiam Botiller in the tenure of the said William Sporis on the
souths as far as the land of the said WiUiam Botiller in the tenure
of Bichard Wynyngton on the north.
Also he holds a certain parcel of arable land lying upon le
Warthe^ that is to say^ on the west of the aforesaid Arpeley fields
in breadth between land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of
Bichard Hardwar on the souths and land of the said Peter Legh in
the tenure of John Dychefeld on the norths and extending in
length fipom the glebe land of the rectory of Weryngton in the
tenure of William Holbroke on the east^ as far as the land of the
said Peter Legh in the tenure of William Mulyngton on the west.
Also he holds nine small butts of land lying together in the said
place called le Warthe in Arpeley field, lying in breadth between
the shore of the water of Mersey on the west, and the land of the
said Peter Legh in the tenure of the said John Dychefeld on the
east, and extending in length from the land of the said William
Botiller in the tenure of John Wilkynson in part towards the
north and in part towards the east, as far as the land of the said
Peter Legh in the tenure of Roger Holbroke in part towards the
south and in part towards the west.
Also he holds one rood of land lying in Arpeley aforesaid, that is
to say, on the south of the Thorn in Arpeley, [lying] in breadth
between land late of John Pigot's wife for her dower, but the in-
heritance of Bandle Bixton, and in the tenure of Alan Walton on
the north, and a parcel of Henry Byrom's land in the tenure of the
12 BE TERBI8 ET TSNSMSNTIS IN WSRYNOTON.
anstrali et extendit in longitadine a terra dicti Petri Legh in tenum
Johannis Fulshagh ex parte ooddentali nsque ad terrain Willieimi
Botiller in tennra Aliciae nnper nxoris Bogeri Clerk senioris ex
parte orientali.
Item tenet onam paroellam terrae infra villam de Weryngton in
looo Tocato le Olde yordes jacentem inter doas parcellas terrae
Henrici Birom in tennra Johannis Hardewar et Thomse Demelowe
ex parte boreali et parcellain terras Willieimi Botiller in tenura
Johannis Massy ex parte australi et extendit in longitudine a terra
nxoris Johamiis Figot quae habet nomine dotis suae sed hereditatis
Banulphi Bixton^ in tenura Johanms Webster^ ex parte oecidentali
nsque ad terram nnper Gilberti Sothewurthe^ in tenura dicti
Johannis Hardewar ex parte orientali.
Item dictus Johannes Hardewar tenet de dicto Petro Legli aliam
paroellam terrae jacentem in strato vocato Bonke strete dictae villae
inter terram Willieimi Botiller in tenura Johannis Massy ex parte
oecidentali et terram dicti Willieimi Botiller in tenura Radulphi
EeUurmargh ex parte orientali et extendit in longitudine a le
Bonke strete praedicto ex parte australi usque ad terram dictorum
Petri Legh et GKlberti Sothewurthe in tenura dicti Johannis
Hardewar ex parte boreali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro Legh duas acras prati parcellam cujus-
dam prati dicti Petri Legh in Arpeley predicto continentem octo-
decim acras prati qme orreum cum omnibus terris praedictis yalent
dicto Petro per annum viginti unum solidos et duos denarios.
§ BoGERUs HoLBROKB tenet de dicto Petro Legh milite unum
novum messuagium in villa de Weryngton cum orreo novo et sep-
tem gardinis cum sepibus et fossis inclusis continentia duas acras
terrae arabilis cum ustrina quae ustrina jacet et situatur juxta
^ See ante^ p. 4. ' See ante, p. 6.
' This Gilbert was probably of the family of Soathwoith of Southworth, and he
may have been the same person who in the pedigree given in the History of Lan-
cashire, Tol. iii. p. 354, is said to have been living 7 Henry YI. If so, he was very
probably the same person who was in the retinae of Sir W. Batler in the ezpedi-
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WERYNOTON. 18
said John Hardewar on the sonth, and extending in length from
the land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of John Fulshagh on
the west; as far as the land of William Botiller in the tenure of
Alice^ late wife of Boger Clerk the elder, on the east.
Also he holds one parcel of land within the town of Weryngton,
in a place called le Old Yordes, lying between two parcels of land
of Henry Birom in the tenure of John Hardewar and Thomas
Demelowe on the north, and a parcel of land of William Botiller
in the tenure of John Massy on the south, and extending in length
firom land of John Pigot^s wife, which she has under the name of
her dower, but the inheritance of Bandle Bixton, in the tenure of
John Webster on the west, as far as land late of Gilbert Sothe-
wurthe in the tenure of the said John Hardewar on the east.
Also the said John Hardewar holds of the said Peter Legh
another parcel of land lying in a street of the said town called
Bonke street, between the land of William Botiller in the tenure
of John Massy on the west, and land of the said William Botiller
in the tenure of Ralph KeUurmargh on the east, and extending in
length from le Bonke strete aforesaid on the south, as far as the
land of the said Peter Legh and Gilbert Sothewurthe in the tenure
of the said John Hardewar on the north.
Also he holds of the said Peter Legh two acres of meadow
ground, parcel of a certain meadow of the said Peter Legh in
Arpeley aforesaid, containing eighteen acres of meadow ; which
said bam, with all the aforesaid lands, are worth to the said Peter
twenty one shillings and two pence per annum.
BooEK HoLBBOKE holds of the said Peter Legh, knight, one new
messuage in the town of Warrington, with a new bam and seven
gardens inclosed with hedges and ditches, containing two acres of
arable land, with one oven, which oven is situate and lying near to
tion to Franco before the battle of Agincoart in 1415, and who appears in the master
roll (Nioolas's Agineourt^ p. 353,) onder the disguised name of Gybon de Southe-
worke.
14 DE TERRI8 ET TENEMENTI8 IN WERYNOTON.
domus et ecclesiam firatnun Angnstmensium villse pnBdictie quod
qnidem messnagium oiremn et gardina jacent et locantur in r^ali
yioo de Sonky yate pnedicto yidelioet ex parte australi dicti yid
inter novtun messnagimn Willielmi Botiller quondam Heniici
Lacheforthe ex parte orientali et orreum novom dicti Petri Legh
cnm terris dicto orreo annexis quad aunt in tenura modo Bicardi
Hardewar ex parte orientali et extendunt ia longitudine a regia
strata de Sonkey yate prsedicta ex parte boreali usque ad gardinum
cum arboribus ibidem crescentibus pertinens dictis firatribus Au-
gustinensibus vill» prsedictse ex parte australi.
Item tenet quinque acras teme arabilis cnm sepibus et fossis
indusas jacentes in loco vocato Stanefeld pnedicta inter terram dicti
Petri Legh in tenura Willielmi Fletcher ex parte orientali et ter-
ram dicti Petri Legh in tenura Henrici Bullynge ex parte occi-
dentali et extendunt in longitudine a pnedicta strata de Sonky
gate ex parte australi usque ad brueram de Weryngton ex parte
boreali.
Item tenet alias duas acras terrse arabilis cum sepibus et fossis
inclusas jacentes in Stanefeld predicta inter terram dicti Petri
Legh in tenura dicti Johannis Hardewar ex parte orientali et ter-
ram dicti Willielmi Botyller in tenura Willielmi Barbor sed ratione
dicti Petri Legh ut ipse dicit ex parte occidentali et extendunt in
longitudine a prsedicta strata de Sonky gate ex parte australi usque |
ad dictam brueram de Weryngton ex parte boreali.
Item tenet quinque acras terrse arabilis jacentes in campo de
Arpeley prsedicto inter litus aquae de Merse ex parte fere occiden-
tali et terram dicti Petri Legh in tenuris Willielmi Mulyngton et
Willielmi Fletcher ex parte orientali et extendunt in longitudine a
terra dicti Petri Legh in tenura Johannis Dychefdd ex parte fere
boreali et partim orientali usque ad terram dicti Petri iu tenura
Bicardi Hardewar ex parte fere australi et partim occidentali^
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WERYNOTON. 15
the house and church of the Austin Friars of the aforesaid town ;
which messuage^ bam^ and garden lie and are situate in the afore-
said street^ called Sonky-yate^ that is to say^ on the south part of
the said street^ between a new messuage of William Botiller^s^
formerly Henry Lacheforthe's^ on the east^ and a new bam of the
said Peter Legh^ with the lands thereunto annexed^ which are now
in the tenure of Bichard Hardwar on the west^ and extend in
length firom Sonky-yate street on the norths as far as a garden
with trees growing therein^ which belongs to the said Austin Friars
of the aforesaid town on the south.
Also he holds five acres of arable land inclosed with hedges and
ditches in the aforesaid place called Stanefeld^ between the land of
the said Peter Legh in the tenure of William Fletcher on the east^
and land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of Henry BuUynge
on the west^ and extending in length firom the aforesaid street
called Sonky-yate on the souths as far as Weryngton heath on the
north.
Also he holds two other acres of arable land inclosed with
hedges and ditches lying in Stanefeld aforesaid^ between the land
of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of the said John Hardewar on
the east^ and the said William Botyller's land in the tenure of
William Barbor^ but as he says of right belonging to the said
Peter Legh^ on the west^ and extending in length firom the afore-
said street of Sonky-gate on the south, as far as the said
Weryngton heath on the north.
Also he holds fiye acres of arable land lying in the open field of
Arpeley aforesaid, between the shore of Mersee water towards the
west, and land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of William
Mulyngton and WiiUam Fletcher on the east, and extending in
length from land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of John
Dychefeld in part towards the north and in part towards the east,
as far as the land of the said Peter in the tenure of Bichard
Hardewar in part towards the south and in part towards the west,
' In the original it is the king's street, as we now say the king's highway.
16 DE TEBRI8 ET TENEMENTIS IN WERYNGTON.
qu8B prsedicta valent vel reddunt dicto Petro Legh per annum
viginti unum solidos et undecim denarios cum servitio videlicet
duorum dierum autumpnalium quae yalent quatuor denarios.
Et quum dictua Kogerus Holbroke tenet unam acram prati de
dictus Bogerus reddet pro dicta acra per annum tres solidos et
quatuor denarios.
§ Item dictus Fetrus Legh miles habet in Arpeley predicto
unum pratum continens septemdecim acras prati invicem jacentes
inter terram arabilem Willielmi^ Oerard de Ince et scilicet terram
arabilem Willielmi Botiller in tenura Jobannis Arosmytbe ex parte
australi et partim orientali et altam viam que ducit a villa de
Weryngton usque ad dictum pratum et per medium dicti prati de
Arpeley ex parte boreali et partim occidentali et extendens in
longitudine a prato dicti Willielmi Botiller in tenura tenentitmi
de Weryngton ex parte occidentali usque ad terram arabilem dicti
Petri in tenura Johannis Fulsbagh et terram scilicet Willielmi
Botiller in tenura uxoris Hamundi Nayler ex parte orientali quod
pratum valet per annum dicto Petro Legh
RiCARDUs Dychefeld tcuct de dicto Petro unum messuagium
cum stabulo et domo terricidiorum jacentia in dicta strata de Sonky
gate infra dictam villam de Weryngton inter quoddam messuagium
quondam Willielmi Baxter sed nimc Marie nuper uxoris Hamonis
Assheton ex parte orientali et alium messuagium dicti Petri Legb
in tenura Johannis Litche ex parte occidentali et prsedictum mes-
suagium cum pertinentiis in tenura dicti Ricardi Dychefeld jacet
et situatur ex parte boreali prsedicti strati et scilicet situatur inter
1 According to the History of Lancashire^ (iii. 567,} the Geturd family acquired
Ince in 1 Uen. IV., when John Gerard married, by dispensation, Ellen Ince, the
heiress of that estate, to whom he was related in the fourth degree. After this
marriage, the estate continued for seyeral centuries in the Gerard name, and was
finally sold to the Earl of Balcarres.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WERTNOTON. 17
which aforesaid [premises] are worth or render unto the sidd Peter
Legh yearly twenty one shillings and eleven pence^ with two days'
service in autumn^ which is worth fonr pence.
And whenever the said Roger Holbroke holds one acre of the
said Peter Legh^s aforesaid seventeen acres of meadow in Arpeley^
then the said Roger shall pay for the said acre per annum three
shillings and four pence.
The said Sir Peter Leoh^ knight^ also hath in Arpeley afore-
said one meadow containing seventeen acres of meadow lying to-
gether^ between the arable land of William Gerard of Ince and
the arable land of William Botiller in the tenure of John Aro-
smythe on the south and in part towards the east^ and the high-
way which leads from the town of Weryngton^ as far as the said
meadow and through the middle of the said Arpeley meadow on
the north and in part towards the west^ and extending in length
from the said William Botiller's meadow in the tenure of his
Weryngton tenants on the west^ as far as the arable land of the
said Peter in the tenure of John Fulshagh, and the said William
Botiller's land in the tenure of Hamund Nayler's wife on the west,
which meadow is worth per annum to the said Peter Legh
Richard Dychefeld holds of the said Peter one messuage,
with a stable and a clod house^ lying in the said street called
Sonky-gate within the said town of Weryngton, between a certain
messuage formerly William Baxter's, but now of Mary late the wife
of Hamon Assheton, on the east, and another messuage of the said
Peter Legh in the tenure of John Litche on the west, which afore-
said messuage in the tenure of the said Richard Dychefeld, with
its appurtenances, lies and is situate on the north of the aforesaid
street, that is to say, between the said street of Sonky-gate afore-
* Domus terricidionim.
D
18 DE TERRIS BT TENBM8NTIS IN WERTNGTON.
dictum yicum dc Sonky gate pnedicto ex parte australi nsque ad
forum yillse de Weryngton ex parte boreali.
Item tenet unam acram terrse arabilis jacentem in loco Tocato
Weteakyrs in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura
Johannis Massy ex parte australi et terram nuper uxoris Johannis
Pigot nomine dotis suae sed hereditatis Ranulphi Bixton in tenura
Johannis Webster ex parte boreali et extendit in longitudine a
teira heredis Bogeri Arosmythe in tenura Johannis Wode ex parte
orientali usque ad terram Williehni Oerard de Ince in tenura
Bogeri Clerk junioris ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro unum gardinum jacens juxta portam
de Arpeley in latitudine inter gardinxun Williehni Botiller in
tenura Thomse Balfrunte ex parte boreali et altam viam inter
aquam de Mersee ducentem a villa de Weryngton usque ad Ar-
peley prsedictum ex parte australi et extendit in longitudine a
gardino firatrum Augustinentium diets TiUe ex parte occidentali
usque ad dictam altam viam juxta litus maris ex parte orientali
quod messuagium cum pertinentiis et terris prsedictis reddunt
dicto Petro Legh per annum decem soUdos et quatuor denarios et
cum aervido duornm dierom autumpnaUum qwe ralet quatuor
denarios.
Johannes Lache de Weryngton tenet de dicto Petro unum
messuagium jacens ex parte boreah strat» de Sonky gate prsedictse
in latitudine inter forum de Weryngton prsedictjl ex parte boreali
et dictum yicum siye stratam de Sonky gate prsedictam ex parte
australi et extendit in longitudine a prsedicto messuagio dicti Petri
Legh in tenura dicti Bicardi Dychefeld ex parte orientali usque ad
terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura Sibills Andrewe ex parte
occidentali.
Item tenet dimidium gardinum jacens juxta Weryngton heth
qusB abuttat cum aliis gardinis ibidem jacentibus a dicto Sonky
gate usque ad dictam brueram de Weryngton quae praedicta red-
dimt dicto Petro Legh per annum sex solidos cum servitio duorum
dierum autumpnalium quae valent per annum quatuor denarios.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WERYNGTON. 19
said on the souths [and extends] as far as the market place of the
town of Weryngton on the north.
Also he holds one acre of arable land lying in a place called
Weteakyrs^ in breadth between the said Peter LegVs land in the
tenure of John Massy on the souths and land of the late wife of
John Figot in the name of dower^ but of the inheritance of Bandle
Bixton, in the tenure of John Webster on the north, and extending
in length from land of Roger Arosmythe^s heir in the tenure of
John Wode on the east, as far as the land of William Gerard of
Ince in the tenure of Soger Clerk the younger on the west.
Also he holds of the said Peter one garden lying beside the gate
into Arpeley, in breadth between WiUiam Botiller's garden, in the
tenure of Thomas Balfirunte on the north, and the highway [beside}
Mersee water leading from the town of Weryngton, as far as
Arpeley aforesaid on the south, and extending in length from a
garden of the Austin Friars of the said town on the west, as far as
the said highway beside Mersee water on the east; which messuage^
with the lands and appurtenances aforesaid, render to the said
Peter Legh per jmnum ten shillings and fourpence, with two days'
service in autumn, worth four pence.
John Lache of Weryngton holds of the said Peter one mes-
suage lying on the north of the aforesaid street called Sonky-gate,
in breadth between the market place of Weryngton aforesaid on
the north, and the said way or street called Sonky-gate on the
south, and extending in length from the aforesaid messuage of the
said Peter Legh in the tenure of the said Richard Dychefeld on
the east, as far as the land of the said Peter Legh in the holding
of Sibyl Andrewe on the west.
Also he holds half a garden lying beside Weryngton heath,
which with other gardens there abuts upon Sonky-gate aforesaid,
[and extends] as far as the said Weryngton heath, which aforesaid
premises render unto the said Peter Legh six shillings per annum,
with two days' service in autumn, worth four pence per annum.
20 DE TEBRIS BT TBNEMBNTI8 IN WEBYNOTON.
§ SiBiLLA Andbew tenet de dicto Petro unum messuagium situa-
turn in vico de Sonky gate de pnedictae villae de Weryngton et scilicet
ex parte boreali dicti vici jacens in latitudine inter dictum forum
ex parte boreali et dictum vicum de Sonky gate ex parte australi
et extendit in longitudine a dicto messuagio dicti Petri Lcgh in
tenura prxdicti Johannis Lache ex parte orientali usque ad alium
messuagium dicti Petri in tenura Willielmi Lache ex parte oc-
ddentali.
Item tenet alteram dimidium prsedicti gardini in tenura prsedicti
Johannis Lache jacens juxta brueram de Weryngton quae abuttant
cum aliis gardinis dicti Petri Legh ibidem jacentibus quae reddunt
per annum dicto Petro tres solidos cum servitio duorum dierum
autumpnalium quao Talent per annum quatuor denarios.
§ WiLLiELMUs Lache de Weryngton tenet alium messuagium
de dicto Petro jacens in vico de Sonky gate praedicto villae prae-
dictae videlicet ex parte boreali dicti vid jacens in latitudine inter
dictum forum villae praedictae ex parte boreali et vicum de Sonky
gate praedicto ex parte australi et extendens in longitudine a mes-
suagio praedicti Petri Legh in tenura dictae Sibillae ex parte orientali
et alium messuagium dicti Petri in tenura Boberti Bruche ex parte
ocddentali.
Item tenet duas baias in orreo cum dimidio unius gardini jacentes
in fine ocddentali dicti vid de Sonky gate quod quidem orreum
situatur in longitudine inter dictum messuagium dicti Petri in
tenura Bogeri Holbroke ex parte orientali et praedictum dimidium
gardini dicti Petri in tenura dicti Bogeri Holbroke ex parte occi-
dentali et praedictum dimidium gardini jacet in latitudine inter
gardinum dicti Petri in tenura dicti Bogeri Holbroke ex parte
orientali et alium gardinum dicti Petri in tenura dicti Bogeri ex
parte ocddentali et extendit in longitudine a vico de Sonky gate
praedicto ex parte boreali usque ad pomaerium dicti Petri in tenura
dicti Bogeri Holbroke ex parte australi^ quae praedicta reddunt per
annum dicto Petro septem solidos et sex denarios cum servitio
duorum dierum autumpnalium quae valcnt per annum quatuor
denarios.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WERYNOTON. 21
SiBTL Andrew holds of the said Peter one messuage situate in
the Sonky-gate street of the aforesaid town of Weryngton^ and on
the north side of the same street^ lying in breadth between the
said market place on the north and the said Sonky-gate street on
the souths and extending in length from the said Peter Legh's
messuage in the tenure of the aforesaid John Lache on the east, as
tar as another messuage of the said Peter in the tenure of William
Lache on the west.
Also she holds the other half of the aforesaid garden in the
tenure of the said John Lache^ lying beside Weryngton heathy
which abuts [upon other gardens of the said Peter Legh there;]
which premises render yearly to the said Peter Legh three shillings^
with two days' service in autumn^ worth four pence per annum.
William Lache of Weryngton holds another messuage of the
said Peter Legh in the aforesaid Sonky-gate street of the aforesaid
town^ to wit^ on the north of the said street, lying in breadth
between the said market place of the aforesaid town on the north
and the street of Sonky-gate aforesaid on the south, and extending
in length from a messuage of the aforesaid Peter Legh in the
tenure of the said Sibyl on the east, and another messuage of the
said Peter in the tenure of Robert Bruche on the west.
Also he holds two bays of a bam, with one half of a garden,
lying at the western end of the said Sonky-gate street, which bam
is situate in length between the said messuage of the said Peter in
the tenure of Soger Holbroke on the east, and the aforesaid half
garden of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Roger Holbroke
on the west, and the aforesaid half garden lies in breadth between
a garden of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Roger Hol-
broke on the east, and another garden of the said Peter in the
tenure of the said Roger on the west, and extends in length from
the aforesaid street of Sonky-gate on the north, as far as an
orchard of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Roger Holbroke
on the south ; which aforesaid premises render yearly to the said
Peter seycn shillings and six pence, with two days' service in au-
tumn, worth four pence.
22 DE TBEftlS ET TEXEMENTIS IN WEKYNGTON.
§ BoBBBTUs Bbuche de Wcryngton tenet de dicto Petro Legh
ad Tolnntatem anam mewmaginm jacens ex boreali parte dicti vici
Tocati Sonky gate vilbe piaedictae in latitndine inter fomm dictse
vilhe ex parte boreali et dictum riciim de Sonky gate ex parte
australi et extendena in longitndine a dicto mesgnagio dicti Petri
in tennra dicti WiUielmi Lache ex parte orientaH et alimn messoa-
ginin dicti Petri in tennra Henrici Foxlowe ex parte ooddentali,
quod Talet per annom dicto Petro quinqne aolidos.
Item alia baia prascripti oirei pertrnet pnedicto messuagio in
tenmra dicti Boberti et valet per MiTinm
Item dimidium prseacripti gardini pertinet pnedicto messoagio
ct valet per annun com servitio duorom dierom antumpna-
lium qnae valent qnatoor denarioe.
§ Henbicus Foxlowb tenet de pdicto Petro Legh alinm mes-
soagium scilicet jacens ex parte boreali prsedicti rid de Sonky gate
dictffi vilte de Weryngton in latitudine inter dictum forum ex parte
boreali et prsedictom ricom ex parte australi et extendit in longi-
tndine a messnagio dicti Petri in tennra dicti Boberti Bmche ex
parte orientali usque ad messnagium Willielmi Botiller in tennra
Joliannis Wylkynson ex parte occidentali.
Item aUum baie^ in dicto orrco pertinet prsedicto messnagio qu^
prsedicta valent dicto Petro per annum quinque solidos cum serritio
duorum dierum autumpnalium qusB valent quatuor denarios per
annom.
§ Henbicus Bullynge de Weryngton prsodicto tenet de dicto
Petro unum messuagium cum orreo sub tecto dicti messuagii et
gardino cum loco vocato le Foldestydde jaccntia in subnrbiis villas
prsedictse juxta le Whyte Crosse^ quae stat in ria ducente a villa
prsodicta usque ad pontem^ de Sonky quod quidem messuagium
cum orreo et gardino jacent et situantur in latitudine inter brueratn
1 This is meant for an English word. ^ q^q Introduction.
' This is evidently the bridge over the Saukey brook, on the highway to Liverpool.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WERTNGTON. 23
Robert Bruche of Weryngton holds of the said Peter Lcgh at
will one messuage lying on the north of the said Sonky-gate street
of the town aforesaid^ in breadth between the market place of the
said town on the north and the said street of Sonky-gate on the
sonth^ and extending in length from the ^aid messuage of the said
Peter in the tenure of the said William Lache on the east^ and
another messuage of the said Peter in the tenure of Henry Fox-
lowe on the west ; which is worth to the said Peter five shillings
per annum.
Also another bay of the before mentioned bam belongs to the
aforesaid messuage in the tenure of the said Robert, and is worth
per RTITITITTI
Also the half of the before mentioned garden appertains to the
aforesaid messuage, and is worth per annum, with two
days' service in autumn, which is worth four pence.
Hbnrt Foxlowe holds of the aforesaid Peter Legh another
messuage, lying on the north of the aforesaid street of Sonky-gate
of the said town of Weryngton, in breadth between the said
market place on the north and the aforesaid street on the south,
and extending in length from a messuage of the said Peter in the
tenure of the said Robert Bruche on the east, as far as a messuage
of WiDiam Botiller in the tenure of John Wylkynson on the west.
Also another bay of the said bam appertains to the aforesaid
messuage, which aforesaid premises are worth to the said Peter
five shillings per annum, with two days' service in autumn, worth
four pence per annum.
Henrt Bulltnob of Weryngton aforesaid holds of the said
Peter a messuage with a bam under the same roof, and with a
garden and a place called the Folstead, lying in the suburbs of the
aforesaid town near to the White Cross, which stands in the way
leading from the aforesaid town as far as the bridge of Sankey;
which same messuage, bam, and garden lie and are situate in
24 DS TBRBI8 ET TENEMBNTIS IN WEBTNGTON.
de Weiyiigton versus Sonky parvam ex parte ocddentali et quod-
dam croftum dicti Petri Legh in tenura dicti Henrici ex parte
orientali et extendunt in longitudine a dicta via quae ducit a dicto
yico sive strata de Sonky gate usque pontem prsedictum ex parte
australi usque ad qnandaui haiam dicti Petri in tenura dicti Hen-
rid ex parte boreali.
Item tenet unam acram et dimidiam acram cum sepibus et fossis
inclusam jacentem in latitudine inter dictam brueram de Weryngton
versus Sonky parvam ex parte ocddentali et quendam campum dicti
Petri in tenura dicti Henrici ex parte orientali et extendit in longi-
tudine a. dicta bruera de Weryngton ex parte^ versus Longefortbe
ex parte boreali usque ad prsedictum gardinum et ad quoddam
crymbull dicti Petri Legh & in tenura dicti Henrid ex parte
australL
Item dictum crymbull continens dimidiam acram terrse jacentem
in latitudine inter quoddam croftum dicti Petri in tenura dicti
Henrid continens duas acras terrsB ex parte orientali et dictum
gardinum et messuagium dicti Petri Legh et in tenura dicti Hen-
rid Bullynge ex parte ocddentali et extendit in longitudine a dicta
via vocata Sonky gate ex parte australi usque ad dictum croftum
continens unam acram et dimidiam cum sepibus indusam ex parte
boreali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro Legh alium croftum continens duas
acras terr» jacens in latitudine inter dictum crymbufl et dictam
unam acram et dimidiam cum sepibus inclusam ex parte ocddentali
et quendam campum dicti Petri et in tenura dicti Henrid conti-
nentem quinque acras terre arabilis ex parte orientali et extendit
in longitudine a dicta via de Sonky gate ex parte australi usque ad
brueram de Weryngton ex parte versus Longeforthe in fine boreali.
Item tenet quendam campum cum sepibus et fossis inclusum
continentem quinque acras terre arabilis jacentem in latitudine
inter prsdictum croftum duarum acrarum dicti Petri et in tenura
* Sio. See ako page 26, where the expression again occurs. Ex parte, as here
usedi seems to mean in part.
LAN0S AND TENEMENTS IN WBRYNOTON. 25
breadth between Weryngton heath towards Little Sankey on the
west^ and a certain croft of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of
the said Henry on the east^ and extend in length from the said
way leading from the said road or street of Sonky-gate to the
aforesaid bridge on the south, as far as a certain close of the said
Peter in the tenure of the said Henry on the north.
Also he holds one acre and a half of land inclosed with hedges
and ditches, lying in breadth between the said Weryngton heath
towards Little Sonky on the west, and a certain field of the said
Peter in the tenure of the said Henry on the east, and extending
in length from the said Weryngton heath in part towards Longe-
forthe on the north as far as the aforesaid garden, and to a certain
crymbull of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of the said Henry
on the south.
Also the said crymbull contains half an acre of land, lying in
breadth between a certain croft of the said Peter in the tenure of
the said Henry, and which contains two acres of land on the east,
and the said garden and messuage of the said Peter Legh in the
tenure of the said Henry Bullynge on the west, and extends in
length from the said way called Sonky-gate on the south as far as
the said croft, which contains one acre and a half, and is inclosed
with hedges and ditches on the north.
Also he holds of the said Peter Legh another croft containing
two acres of land, lying in breadth between the said crymbull and
the said one acre and a half, inclosed with hedges and ditches, on
the west, and a certain field of the said Peter in the tenure of the
said Henry, containing five acres of arable land on the east, and
extending in length from the said street of Sonky-gate on the
south, as far as Weryngton heath in part towards Longeforth on
the nordi.
Also he holds a certain field inclosed with hedges and ditches,
containing five acres of arable land, lying in breadth between the
aforesaid croft of two acres of the said Peter in the tenure of the
£
26 DE TBRRIS BT TENEMBNTIS IN WERYN6TON.
dicti Henrici ex parte ocddentali et quendam campum quatnor
acrarum dicti Petri in tenura Bogeri Holbroke ex parte orientali et
extendit in longitudine a dicta yia de Sonky gate ex parte australi
usque ad brueram de Weryngton ex parte boreali^ que messuagium
orreum crofta crymbull cum campis prsedictis yaleut dicto Petro
Legh per annum viginti solidos cum servitio duorum dierum au-
tumpnalium quae valent per annum quatuor denarios.
§ Item BiCARDUs Hardewab de Werjnigton tenet de dicto
Petro Legh unum messuagium novum et pulcrum cum duabis altis
cameris^ solariis et cellariis jacens ex occidental parte stratse to-
catse Newgate prsedictse villse cum uno orreo jacente in fine australi
alterius strati prsedicte villse vocati Sonky gate ut prsescribitur in
tenuris Bicardi Dycbefeld Boberti Bruche et aliorum quod quidem
messuagium novum cum coquina stabulo et scilicet vacuam placeam
ad sedificandum alios domos necessarios preedicto novo messuagio
jacent et situantur inter messuagium Willielmi Botiller in tenura
Bicardi Wynyngton ex parte boreali et alixun messuagium dicti
Willielmi Botiller in tenura Willielmi Barbor ex parte australi cum
quodam parvo gardino jacente in Sonky gate prsedicto videlicet ex
parte australi dicti orrei et cum quodam crofto continente duas
acras terre et dimidiam unius acrse jacente in latitudine inter
terram dicti Petri in tenura Bogeri Holbroke ex parte orientali et
quoddam alium croftum dicti Petri in tenura Johannis Fulshagh
ex parte ocddentali et extendens in longitudine a regia strata de
Sonky gate praedicta ex parte boreali usque ad terram dicti
Willielmi Botiller in tenura Bicardi Wynyngton ex parte australi.
Item tenet quinque acras terrse arabUis invicem jacentes in
campo de Arpeley jacentes juxta et super litus aquse de Mersee in
latitudine inter dictum litus aquse ex parte occidentali et terram
arabilem dicti Willielmi Botiller in tenura Alani Walton ex parte
1 It does not appear very clearly what was the difference between the alta camera
or high chamber, and the solarium or sollar ; but I apprehend that the alta camera
was probably the first floor, and the solarium (camera soils) was the chamber in the
roof, which was lighted either by a domer or by a small gable.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WBRYNGTON. 27
said Henry on the west^ and a certain field of fonr acres of the said
Peter in the tenure of Roger Holbroke on the east^ and extending
in length from the said street of Souky-gate on the souths as far
as Weryngton heath [i.e. towards Longeforthe] on the north;
which messui^e^ bam^ crofts, crymbuU, and fields aforesaid are
worth per anniun to the said Peter Legh twenty shillings, with
two days' service in autumn, which is worth four pence.
The said Richard Haroewar of Weryngton holds of the said
Peter Legh one new and fair messuage with two lofty chambers,
[and with] sollars, and cellars, lying on the west of the street
called New-gate in the town aforesaid, with one bam lying on the
south of another street of the aforesaid town called Sonky-gate, as
before written, in the tenures of Richard Dychefeld, Robert
Bruche, and others; which new messuage, with a kitchen and
stable, with a vacant piece of land whereon to build other neces*
sary houses to the aforesaid new messuage, lie and are situate be-
tween a messuage of William Botiller in the tenure of Richard
Wynyngton on the north, and another messuage of the said
William Botiller in the tenure of William Barbor on the south,
with a certain small garden lying in Sonky-gate aforesaid, namely
to the south of the said bam, and with a certain croft containing
two acres and a half of land, lying in breadth between the land of
the said Peter in the tenure of Roger Holbroke on the east, and a
certain other croft of the said Peter in the tenure of John Ful«
shagh on the west, and extending in length from the king's high-^
way called Sonky-gate aforesaid on the north, as far as the land of
William Botiller in the tenure of Richard Wynyngton on the
soath.
Also he holds five acres of arable land lying together in Arpeley
field, lying beside and upon the shore of Mersey water, in breadth
between the shore of the said water on the west, and the arable
land of the said William Botiller in the tenure of Allan Walton on
28 DK TERRI8 ET TENEHENTI8 IN WERYNOTON.
orientali et extendentes in longitudine a quadam nu^na spina in
Arpeley prsedicta et terra dicti Petri Legh in tennra Rogeri Hol-
broke Johamiis Hakynsall Badtdplii Sothum et Willielmi Fletcher
ex parte boreali usque ad quataor acras terr» arabilis prsedicti
Petri in tenura Johannis Fulshagh ex parte australi.
Item tenet duas acras terrae in Arpeley pnedicta jacentes in la-
titudine inter pratom Willielmi Gerard^ de Ince ex parte australi
et terram Henrici Birom in tenura Johannis Hardewar ex parte
boreali et extendit in longitudine &c.
Item tenet unam acram terr» rocatam le Shorteakyr jacentem
in loco vocato le Slygcher lane ende in latitudine inter terram dicti
Petri Legh in tenura Johannis Hardewar ex parte occidentali et
partim boreali et terram Johannis Wynyngton in tenura Johannis
HiUe ex parte orientali et partim austrah et extendit in longitudine
a terra dicti Petri in tenura Willielmi Mulington ex parte boreali
et partim orientaU usque ad quandam yiam duoentem a villa de
Weryngton usque ad pratum de Arpeley ex parte fere australi et
partim occidentali.
Item tenet aHam acram terrse jacentem in loco vocato Weteakyrs
in latitudine inter terram dicti Willielmi Gerard ^ ex parte boreali
et terram Willielmi BotiUer in tenura Thomas Balfrunte ex parte
australi et extendit in longitudine a terra dicti Willielmi BotiUer
in tenura Bicardi Wynyi^ton ex parte occidentali usque ad terram
uxoris Johannis Pigot quam habet nomine dotis suae sed hereditatis
Banulphi Bixton et usque ad parcellam cujusdam campi dicti Petri
in tenura Johannis Fulshagh ex parte orientali.
Item tenet quendam parvum campum vocatum Lytill Walton
Hey continentem duas acras terrae jacentes super litus aquae de
Mersee in latitudine inter dictum litus ex parte australi et terram
Petri Werburton et terram dicti Willielmi Botiller in tenura
Henrici Garnet ex parte boreali et extendentem in longitudine a
quadam haia^ Willielmi Botiller in tenura Henrici Wodecok ex
* See ante, page 16.
3 Hay, (Bailey's Diet, ;) h»s, Saxon ; haye, French ; a hedge ; an enclosure ; a
forest or park, fenced with rails : ^ Hence," says Bailey, ** to dance the hay is to
dance in a ring."
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WERYNOTON. 29
the east, and extending in length from a certain great thorn in
Arpeley aforesaid^ and land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure
of Roger Holbroke, John Hakynsall^ Ralph Sothurn, and William
Fletcher, on the north, as £Eur as four acres of arable land of the
aforesaid Peter in the tenure of John Fulshagh on the south.
Also he holds two acres of land in Arpeley aforesaid lying in
breadth between a meadow of William Gerard of Ince on the
south, and land of Henry Birom in the tenure of John Hardewar
on the north, and extending in length &c.
Also he holds one acre of land caUed le Shorteakyr lying in a
place called le Slygcher-lane-ende, in breadth between the land of
the said Peter Legh in the tenure of John Hardewar towards the
west and in part towards the north, and land of the said John
Wynyngton in the tenure of John Hille towards the east and in
part towards the south, and extending in length from land of the
said Peter in the tenure of William Mulington towards the no^th
and in part towards the east, as far as a certain way leading from
the town of Weryngton as far as the Arpeley meadow towards the
south and in part towards the west.
Also he holds another acre of land in a place called Weteakyrs
lying in breadth between land of the said William Gerard on the
north, and land of the said William Botiller in the tenure of
Thomas Balfirmte on the south, and extending in length from land
of the said William Botiller in the tenure of Richard Wynyngton
on the west, as far as the land of John Pigot's wife which she has
in the name of her dower, but of the inheritance of Randle Rixton,
and [also] as far as to a parcel of a certain field of the said Peter
in the tenure of John Fulshagh on the east.
Also he holds a certain small field called Lytill Walton Hey
containing two acres of land lying upon the shore of Mersee
water, in breadth between the said shore on the south, and land of
Peter Werburton and [other land] of the said William Botiller in
the tenure of Henry Gramet on the north, and extending in length
from a certain close of William Botiller in the tenure of Henry
30 DE TBRRIS BT TENEMENTI8 IN WEBYNOTON.
parte orientali usque ad terrain dicti Willielmi Botiller vide-
licet quandam haiam ia tenura Bicardi Wynyngton ex parte
occidentali.
Item tenet rodam terne jacentem in Arpeley prsedict^ in latitn-
dine inter terram heredis Rogeri Arosmythe ex parte orientali et
terrain dicti Willielmi Botiller in tenura Johaxmse nuper uxoris
Hamundi Nayler ex parte occidentali et extendit in longitudine a
terra videlicet una haia Banulphi Bixton^ in tenura Ricardi
Fletcher ex parte australi usque ad terram dicti WiUielini Botiller^
in tenura Ricardi Wynyngton ex parte boreali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro Legh quandam parceUam terrse
jacentem in quodam campo Willielmi Botiller in tenura Johannis
Massy.
Item tenet duas acras prati de prsedictis septemdedm acris ante-
scriptis, qu£e messuagia terrse prata et pertinentia yalent dicto
Petro Legh per annum quadraginta tres solidos et quatuor denarios
cum servitio duorum dierum autumpnalium qusd yalent per annum
quatuor denarios.
§ WiLLiELMUB Fletcheb dc Wcryugton prsedicta tenet de dicto
Petro unum messuagium cum coquina stabulo et panro orreo cum
loco Yocato le Foldstydde et gardino continente tres seliones terrse
cum quodam owtecast versus austrum et quidam puteus aquas
continetur in dicto owtecast quae quidem messuagium coquina
stabulum et gardinum jacent et situantur in strato de Newgate
vilke prsedictse jacentia in latitudine inter messuagiiim et gardinum
de dote uxoris Johannis Pigot sed hsereditatis Ranulphi Bixton in
tenura Johannis Webster ex parte boreali et aUum messuagium et
gardinum dicti Petri Legh in tenura Thomse Swanne ex parte
australi et extendunt in longitudine a regia strata de Newgate
prsedicta ex parte occidentali usque ad terram de dote dictsB uxoris
Johaunis Pigot in tenura dicti Johannis Webster ex parte orientali.
Item tenet unum croftum continens unam acram terrse arabilis
cum sepibus et fossis inclusum jacens in loco vocato Stanfelde
* Ante page 4. ' Ante page 4.
LANDI^ AND TENEMENTS IN WEKYNGTON. 81
Wodecok on the east^ as &t ^s [other] land of the said William
Botiller^ to wit^ a certain close in the tenure of Bichard Wyn-
yngton on the west.
Also he holds a rood of land lying in Arpeley aforesaid^ in
breadth between land of Roger Arosmythe's heir on the east^ and
land of the said William Botiller in the tenure of Joan late wife of
Hamund Nayler on the west^ and extending in length from land,
to wit, a close of Randle Bixton in the tenure of Richard Fletcher
on the south, as far as land of the said William Botiller in the
tenure of Richard Wynyngton on the north.
Also he holds of the said Peter Legh a certain parcel of land
lying in a certain field of William Botiller in the tenure of John
Massy.
Also he holds two acres of the before mentioned seventeen-acre
meadow, which messuages, lands, meadows, and appurtenances
are worth to the said Peter Legh yearly forty three shillings and
four pence, mth two days' service iB autumn, worth four pence per
annum.
William Fletchsb of Weryngton aforesaid holds of the said
Peter a messuage with a kitchen, stable, and small bam, with a
place called the Poldstydde, and a garden containing three ridges
of land with a certain outcast [outlet?] towards the south, and in
which outcast there is a certain well of water, which messuage,
kitchen, stable, and garden lie and are situate in the Newgate
street of the aforesaid town, and lie in breadth between a messuage
and garden in dower to John Pigot^s wife, but the inheritance of
Randle Bixton, in the tenure of John Webster on the north, and
another messuage and garden of the said Peter Legh in the tenure
of Thomas Swanne on the south, and extend in length from the
king's highway of Newgate street aforesaid on the west, as far as
the land in dower to the said John Pigot's wife in the tenure of
the said John Webster on the east.
Also he holds a croft containing one acre of arable land inclosed
with hedges and ditches [and] lying in a place called Stanfelde, in
82 DE TSRBIS BT TENBMENTI8 IN WEBTNGTON.
jacens in latitadine inter tenram dicti Williehni Botiller^ in tennra
Johannie axons nuper Hamnndi Nayler ex parte orientali et
terram dicti Petri in tenura Rogeri Holbroke ex parte oeddentali
et extendit in longitndine a ida qnae dadt a Weryngton usqne ad
molendina de Sonky ex parte australi usque ad broeram de Wer-
yngton ex parte boreali.
Item tenet qnatoor acras term arabilis in Arpeley propinqniorea
vilto de Weryngton extra campos cum sepibM induais jaoentes in
latitadine inter qaendam campom WiUielmi Botiller^ in tenora
Bicardi Wynyngton ex parte boreali et terram Banalphi Bixton^
in tennra Bicardi Fletcher ex parte aostrali et tres acrse dictaram
qoatuor extendant in longitndine a prsedicta aqoa de Mersee fere
extra una selione hereditatis Bicardi Bracbe in tennra Thomse
Balfronte ex parte orientali usque ad pratum dicti Petri in Arpeley
oontinens septemdedm acras ex parte oeddentali et alia acra dicta^
ram quatuor acraram extendit in longitndine a prsedictis tribus
acriB dicti Petri parcella dictaram quatuor ex parte australi usque
ad terram Williehni Botiller in tenura Bicardi Wynyngton ex
parte boreali et sic prsedicta acra jacet ex transrerso praedictas tres
acras.
Item tenet unam acram prati de pisedictis septemdedm acris prati
jacentem in Arpeley piedicta, quse omnia preedicta messuagium
coquina orreum gardinum tense et prata valent dicto Petro per
annum Tiginti sex soUdos et octo denarios cum servitio duorom
dieram autumpnaUum quBe yalent per annum quatuor denarios.
§ Thomas Swannb de Weryngton pnedicta tenet de dicto Petro
Legh unum messuagium cum stabulo et orreo ustrina et domo
turbariorum cum gardino et pomoerio quae quidem messuagium
stabulum orreum gardinum et pomoerium jacent et situantur in
▼ico de Newgate iidelicet ex parte orientali dicti yid in latitadine
inter dictum messuagium et gardinum dicti Petri in tenura Wil-
helmi Fletcher ex parte boreali et messuagium et terram Thonuo
. r- ' ■ •" — ..^.^.^_ . __ _ . _ ■ _
* Ante page 4. * Ante psge 4,
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WEBYNOTON. 88
breadth between land of the said William Botiller in the tenure of
Joan late the wife of Hamund Nayler on the east^ and land of the
said Peter in the tenure of Roger Holbroke on the west^ and ex-
tending in length firom the way which leads from Weryngton to
Sonky mills on the souths as far as Weryngton heath [i.e. the
heath towards Little Sankey] on the north.
Also he holds four acres of arable land in Arpeley inclosed with
hedges and ditches lying outside the [town] fields and nearer to
the town of Weryngton^ in breadth between a certain field of
William Botiller in the tenure of Bichard Wynyngton on the
north and land of Bandle Bixton in the tenure of Bichard Fletcher
on the south, three of which said four acres extend in length firom
a ridge of land the inheritance of Bichard Bruche and in the
tenure of Thomas Balfirunte, adjoining the aforesaid Mersey water
on the east as far as the seventeen acre meadow of the said Peter
in Arpeley on the west, and the other of which said four acres ex-
tends in length firom the aforesaid three acres of the said Peter,
parcel of the said four, on the south, as far as land of the said
William Botiller in the tenure of Bichard Wynyngton on the
north, and so the aforesaid one acre lies opposite the aforesaid
three acres.
Also he holds one acre of the aforesaid seventeen-acre mea-
dow lying in Arpeley aforesaid, all which aforesaid messuages,
kitchen, bam, garden, lands, and meadows are worth yearly to the
said Peter twenty six shillings and eight pence, with two days'
service in autumn, worth four pence by the year.
Thomas Swanne of Weryngton aforesaid holds of the said
Peter Legh one messuage with a stable and bam, an oven and turf
cote, a garden and an apple yard, which messuage, stable, bam,
garden, and apple yard lie and are situate in the Newgate street,
to wit, on the east of the said street, in breadth between the said
messuage and garden of the said Peter in the tenure of William
Fletcher on the north, and a messuage and land of Thomas Dawne
34 DE TBRBI8 ST TENBMENTI8 IN WERTNOTON.
Dawne de Crawton in tennra Thomse Balfrimte ex parte australi
et extendunt in longitudine a regia strata de Newgate prsedicta ex
parte occidentali usque ad gardinum et pomcerium prsedictse
ustrinae dicti Petri in tenura dicti Thomse Swanne ex parte orien-
tal! et a dicto messuagio in tenura dicti Thomse Swanne una parva
venella ducit ad dictam ustrinam et dictum gardinum et pomoerium
et dicta ustrina gardinum et pomoerium jacent in latitudine inter
terram dicti Petri nuper in tenura Johannis Wynyngton ex parte
fere boreali et terram Willielmi Botiller in tenura Elenae Pykton
ex parte australi et extendunt in longitudine a rico diet® villas de
Weryngton vocato Bonke strete ex parte fere orientali usque ad
terram Thomse Dawne^ de Crawton in tenura Thomse Balfrunte ex
parte occidentali qusB prsedicta valent per annum dicto Petro Legh
undecim solidos et quatuor denarios cum servitio duorum dierum
autumpnalium quae valent quatuor denarios.
§ Item dictus Petrus Lege miles habet in villa de Weryngton
scilicet in dicto vico vocato Newgate ex parte occidentali dicti vici
duo messuagia sub uno tecto sedificata quondam in tenura Henrici
Barker jacentia in latitudine inter muros et semiterium ecclesise
fratrum Augustinensium dictae villae ex parte occidentali et dictum
vicum de Newgate ex parte orientali et extendentia in longitudine
a terra Willielmi Botiller in tenura Agnetis Hawkesegh^ ex parte
boreali usque ad terram Ranulphi de Bixton^ in tenura Thomae
Dychefeld ex parte australi.
' The Thomas Done here mentioned was a member of a celebrated Cheshire
family, which, at the date of the manuscript, he represented in his own person.
Mr. Ormerod (History of CheMre, ii. 64) has g^ren a pedigree of the Dones of
Crowton, from which it appears that the above Thomas succeeded to the family
estate as uncle and heir of Richard Done, who fell in the fight at Blore, so fatiJ
to the Cheshire gentry, and where also another of his lineage, Sir John Done, of
Utkinton, met his death, fighting on the opposite side ; a Uuet which is alluded to
in the Polyolbion ; —
"The earl
So hungry in revenge, there made a ravenous spoil ;
There Dntton Dutton kilb, a Done doth kill a Done."
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WEBYNGTON. 35
of Crowton in the tenure of Thomas Balfronte on the souths and
extend in length from the said king's highway called Newgate
street aforesaid on the west as far as the garden and apple yard of
the said Peter in the tenure of the said Thomas Swanne on the
east^ and from the said messuage in the tenure of the said Thomas
Swanne a little lane leads to the said oven^ and the said garden
and apple yard lie in breadth between land of the said Feter^ late
in the tenure of John Wynyngton^ towards the norths and land of
William Botiller in the tenure of Elen Fykton on the south, and
extend in length from a street of the said town of Weryngton
called Bonke street towards the east, as far as land of Thomas
Dawne of Crowton in the tenure of Thomas Balfrunte on the
west ; which aforesaid premises are worth yearly to the said Peter
Legh eleyen shillings and four pence, with two days' service in
autumn, which is worth four pence.
Likewise the said Peter Legh, knight, hath in the town of
Weryngton, to wit in the said street called Newgate and on the
west of the said street, two messuages built under one roof,
formerly in the tenure of Henry Barker, lying in breadth between
the walls and cemetery of the church of the Austin Friars of the
said town on the west and the said Newgate street on the east,
and extending in length from land of William Botiller in the
tenure of Agnes Hawkesegh on the north, as far as land of Randle
de Rixton in the tenure of Thomas Dychefeld on the south.
A MS. chronicle of Chester in the possession of Mr. Roscoe, of Knutsford, a copy
of which seems to have been seen by Mr. Ormerod, contains the following allusion
to Blore field and Sir John Done : —
" The battayle of Blore heath betweene queene Margrett and the earle of Salis-
berrie there were slaine npon the queene's p** Sir John Done and Mr. Troatbecke,
w*'' many others of Cheshier." Was the person here called Mr. Troutbecke, the
Sir John or the Sir William mentioned in Mr. Ormerod's pedigree, (History of
Cheshire, ii. 26,) and both of whom fell at Blore !
* This looks Teiy like Hawk's-eye, and was, probably, a descriptive name.
' Ante page 4.
36 DE TBRRI8 ET TENEMENTI8 IN WBRYNGTON.
Item duo lecta com sepibus circmnclusa pertinentia duobus
messuagiis praedictis jacentia in latitudine inter gardinum dicti
Petri in tenura dicti Thomse Swanne et unam novam ustrinam
dicti Petri et in tenura dicti Thomse ex parte occidentali et alium
gardinum dicti Petri Legh in tenura Johannse Mason ex parte
orientali et extendunt in longitudine a terra uxoris Johannis Pigot
de dote su& sed hsereditatis Ranulphi Bixton^ in tenura Johannis
Webster ex parte boreali usque ad prsedictam stratam vocatam
Bonke strete ex parte australi quae prsedicta yalent per annum
dicto Petro videlicet octo solidos cum quatuor diebus autumpna-
libus qu» yalent per annum octo denarios.
Johanna uxor Simonis lb Mason tenet de dicto Petro Legh
in viUa de Weryngton videlicet inter yardiam jacentem ex parte
orientali stratse de Newgate praedictse et ex parte boreali prsedictse
stratsB de Bonk strete unum gardinum jacens in latitudine inter
praedicta duo lecta dicti Petri pertinentia praedictis duobus mes-
suagiis dicti Petri sub uno tecto in vico praedicto de Newgate ex
parte occidentali et gardinum Willielmi Botiller in tenura Johannis
Massy ex parte orientali et extendens in longitudine a quodam
crofto Henrici Birom in tenura Johannis Hardewar ex parte boreali
usque ad vicum vocatum Bonke strete ex parte australi et reddit
per annum dicto Petro Legh tres solidos.
§ WiLLiELMUs Fletcher tenet de dicto Petro Legh alium gar-
dinum scilicet jacens inter gardina ex parte orientali stratae de
Newgate praedictae et ex latere boreali stratae de Bonk strete prae-
dictae in latitudine inter terram uxoris Johannis Pigot de dote ut
praedicitur sed hereditatis Banulphi Bixton^ in tenura Eliae Bal-
frunte ex parte boreali et le Bonke strete praedicta ex parte australi
et extendens in longitudine a gardino praedicti. Willielmi Botiller
in tenura Elenae Pykketon ex parte orientali usque ad terram
Banulphi de Eixton> in tenura dicti Willielmi Fletcher et gar-
1 Ante, page 4.
LANDS AND TBNEHENT8 IN WBRYNOTON. 87
Likewise two beds [of land] snrroanded with hedges belonging
to the aforesaid two messuages, and lying in breadth between the
garden of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Thomas Swanne
and one new oven of the said Peter and in the tenure of the said
Thomas [Swanne] on the west, and another garden of the said
Peter Legh in the tenure of Joan Mason on the east, and ex-
tending in length from land in dower to John Pigot's wife, the
inheritance of Handle Rixton in the tenure of John Webster on
the north, as far as the aforesaid street called Bonke street on
the south ; which aforesaid premises are worth per annum to the
said Peter eight shillings, with four days in autumn, worth eight
pence per annum.
Joan the wife of Simon le Mason holds of the said Peter Legh,
in the town of Weryngton, to wit, between a yard lying on the east
side of Newgate street aforesaid, and on the north of Bonke street
aforesaid, one garden, lying in breadth between the aforesaid two
beds [of land] of the said Peter, belonging to the aforesaid two
messuages of the said Peter under one roof in Newgate street
aforesaid on the west, and a garden of William Botiller in the
tenure of John Massy on the east, and extending in length from a
certain croft of Henry Birom in the tenure of John Hardewar on
the north, as far as the street called Bonk street on the south, and
renders to the said Peter three shillings yearly.
William Fletcher holds of the said Peter Legh another gar-
den, to wit, [a garden] lying between other gardens on the east
side of Newgate street aforesaid and on the north side of Bonk
street aforesaid, in breadth between the land in dower to John
Pigofs wife as is aforesaid, the inheritance of Bandle Bixton, in
the tenure of Elias Balfrunte on the north and Bonk street afore-
said on the south, and extending in length from a garden of the
aforesaid William Botiller in the tenure of Ellen Pykkton on the
east, as £Eur as the land of Bandle de Bixton in the tenure of the
S8 DB TERBIS ET TBNBMBNTIS IN WEETNOTON.
dinum scilicet Willidmi Botiller^ in tenura Johannis Lawe ex
parte ocddentali et valet per annum dicto Petro Legh duos solidoa.
§ Item dictus Petrub habet in villa de Weryngton praedicta
unam vacoam plaoeam terrae quondam unum messuagium ja-
centem ex parte occidentali dictse stratse de Newgate in latitudine
inter dictam stratam ex parte orientali et semiterium fratrum
Augustinensium vilLe pnedicte ex parte occidentali et exten-
dentem in longitudine a terra Willielmi Botiller^ in tenura Boberti
Webster ex parte boreali et^ quandam vacuam placeam hereditatis
Petri de Werburton^ fere super litus aquae de Mersee ex parte
australi quod reddidit ante haec tempora antecessoribus dicti Petri
Legh per annum videlicet cum servitio
§ Johannes Smythe de Werjmgton tenet de dicto Petro unum
messuagiiun cum orreo et gardino eidem adjacentibus jacens in le
Bonke strete prsedictae viUae in latitudine inter pomcerium Henrid
Garnet ex parte fere orientali et terram sive gardinum dicti
Henrici continens quatuor lecta terras ex parte fere occidentali et
extendentia in longitudine a aula nuper Willielmi Garnet et nunc
dicti Henrici ex parte boreali usque ad dictam stratam de Bonke
strete ex parte australi.
Item tenet unam acram terrae arabilis jacentem in campo de
Arpeley in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura Henrici
Hatton ex parte occidentali et terram Willielmi Botiller^ in tenura
WilUehni Spons ex parte orientali et extendentem in longitudine a
terra dicti Petri Legh m tenura Jobannis Hardewar ex parte bo-
reali usque ad terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura dicti Henrici
Hatton ex parte australi.
1 Ante, page 4. ' It would seem that ^'et " is here by mistake used for ^ ad."
' This was probably Peter Warborton, who built Arley, and who is called in the
family pedigree Wise Piers. (See Ormerod*s Cheshire, i. 430.) He was a retainer
of the unfortunate Sir William Stanley, and died about the year 1495. In the
subsequent pages, mention is made of a Geoffrey Warburton, who is called of New-
eroffce, and said to be lately dead. He was probably father of the above Sir Peter.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WERYNOTON. 89
said William Fletcher^ and a garden, to wit, [the garden] of William
Botiller in the tenure of John Lawe on the west, and is worth to
the said Peter Legh two shillings by the year.
Likewise the said Peteb has in the town of Weryngton afore-
said one vacant piece of land formerly [the site of] a messuage
lying on the west of the said Newgate street, in breadth between
the said street on the east and the cemetery of the Austin Friars
of the aforesaid town on the west, and extending in length from
land of William Botiller in the tenure of Robert Webster on the
north to a certain vacant place, the inheritance of Peter Warburton,
almost upon the shore of Mersee water on the south; which here-
tofore rendered to the ancestors of the said* Peter Legh yearly
with the service
John Smythe of Weryngton holds of the said Peter one mes-
suage with a bam and garden thereto adjoining, lying in le Bonke
street of the aforesaid town, in breadth between the apple yard of
Henry Garnet towards the east and the land or garden of the said
Henry, containing four beds of land towards the west, and extend-
ing in lejigth from a hall lately William Gametes, but now the said
Henry Garnet's, on the north as far as the said Bonk street on the
south.
Also he holds one acre of arable land lying in Arpeley field, in
breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of Henry
Hatton on the west, and land of William Botiller in the tenure of
William Sporis on the east, 'and extending in length from land of
the said Peter Legh in the tenure of John Hardewar on the north,
as far as the land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of the said
Henry Hatton on the south.
It no where appears in what township Newcrofte is situated, but it was rery pro-
bablj in Warborton.
In the portion of the Legh pedigree, which is giyen in the introduction, mention
is made that this Peter was at one time the husband of Ellen Savage, who after-
wards became the wife of Peter Legh, the grandson of the compiler of this MS.
40 DB T£Bai8 BT TBNBMBNTIS IN WBBYNOTQN.
Item tenet duas acras teme invicem jaeentes in campo vocato
Hollay in latitudine inter terram heredum Bogeri Arosmythe in
tenura Johannis Fasmethe glover ex parte boreali et terram
Henrici Birom in tennra Henrici Hawrobyn ex parte australi et
extendnnt in longitudine a litore maris ex parte orientali nsqne ad
quandam hadelandam Henrici Birom in tenura dicti Johannis
Pasmethe ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet aliam aeram terr» arabilis in Hollay prsedicto ja-
centem in latitudine inter terram Gilberti Bysseley in tenura
Thomse Pepir ex parte occidentali et terram ecdesiasticam de
Weryngton pertinentem altse ecclesise nuper in tenura Thomse
Wylme ex parte orientali et extendit in longitudine a quadam acra
teme Willielmi Bofiller^ in tenura Badulphi Kellurmargh vocata
Hobbeakyr ex parte australi usque ad pratum heredis Bogeri
Arosmythe vocatum Downe howse medo ex parte boreali.
Item tenet aliam acram terrsB arabilis in Hollay preedicto jacen-
tem in latitudine inter dimidiam acram Willielmi BotiUer^ in
tenura Henrici Munke ex parte orientali et terram yideUcet duas
acras terrse dicti Petri pertinentes messuagio nuper in tenura
Bogeri Kenyan jacenti in yico diets villse de Weryngton vocato
Prat rowe videlicet ex parte boreali fori dictse villse ex pi|rte occi-
dentali et extendit in longitudine a litore aquse de Mersee prsedicta
ex parte australi usque ad quandam venellam vocatam HoUay lane
ex parte boreali^ quae venella ducit a strato vocato Kyrke strete
usque ad prsedictum campum de Hollay.
Item tenet dimidiam acram in HoUay prsdicto jacentem in lati-
tudine inter terram abbatise de Norton^ in tenura Johannis Diche-
feld ex parte boreali et terram Bicardi Bruche in tenura Henrici
* Ante, page 4.
' The monftsteiy of Norton held their Warrington lands under the Bntlers, and
in the inquintion taken 4th July, 14 Hen. YIII., after the death of the 6rst Sir
Thomas Butler, the deceased was found to have heen seised of the homage of the
prior of Norton, amongst the homages of the foUowing ecclesiastical persons :
De homagio et senritio prioris de Birkehenyd de libero tenemento suo quod de
pn»dicto Thoma tennit in Werjmgton.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WEBTNGTON. 41
Also he holds two acres of land lying together in the field called
Howley^ in breadth between the land of Bog^ Arosmythe^s heirs
in the tenure of John Pasmethe gloyer on the norths and land of
Henry Birom in the tenure of Henry Hawrobyn on the south, and
extending in length from the shore of the sea [!] on the east as far
as a certain headland of Henry Birom in the tenure of the said
John Pasmethe on the west.
Also he holds another acre of arable land in Howley aforesaid
lying in length between land of Gilbert Byssley in the tenure of
Thomas Pepir on the west, and church land of Weryngton be-
longing to the high church, late in the tenure of Thomas Wyhne
on the east, and extending in length from a certain acre of land of
William Botiller in the tenure of Balph Kellurmargh called
Hobbeakyr on the south, as far as a meadow of Boger Arosmythe's
heir called Downe house meadow on the north.
Also he holds another acre of arable land in Howley aforesaid
lying in breadth between a half acre of William Botiller in the
tenure of Henry Munke on the east, and land, to wit, two acres of
land of the said Peter belonging to a messuage late in the tenure
of Boger Kenyan, situate in a street of the said town of Wer-
yngton called Prat rowe, to wit, on the north side of the market
place of the said town, on the west, and extending in length from
the shore of Mersee water aforesaid on the south, as far as a cer*
tain lane called Howley lane on the north, which lane leads from
a street called Kirk street, as far as the aforesaid Howley field.
Also he holds a half acre in Howley aforesaid lying in breadth
between land of the abbey of Norton in the tenure of John Diche-
fdd on the north, and land of Bichard Bruche in the tenure of
De homagio &e. prioiis Sancti JoluuiniB Cestris de &c.
De homagio &o. prioris de Norton de &o.
De homagio &e. Rid fil Rici capellam &c.
De homagio &o. Rici Gener. Angastine de &c.
De homagio &o. Thontani capeHani de &c.
De homagio &c. abbatiB de Whalley de See.
o
42 DB TSRRI8 BT TBNBMENTIB IN WBRYNOTON.
Ghimet ex parte anstrali et extendentem in longitadine a prato
WiUielmi Botiller in tenura Bacardi Masay ex parte occidentidi
usque ad quandam acram prati dicti Willielmi Botiller in tenura
BadulpU Kellurmargh ex parte orientali.
Item tenet aliain diTnidiam acram in HoUay prsedicto jacentem
in latitndine inter terram Henrid Birom in tenura Thomse Wad-
yngton ex parte orientali et quoddom croftnm continena acram
terras dicti Hemid Birom in tenura dicti Henrid Hawrobyn ex
parte ooddentali et extendentem in longitndine a litoro maris de
Mersee ex parte australi usque ad quendam parvum campum tenrsB
glebalis pertinentem rectorise de Weryngton in tenura Johannis
Massy ex parte boreali.
Item tenet unum croftum continens trea rodas terrsB jacens juxta
▼iam ducentem ab ecclesia alta de Weryngton usque ad villam de
Wulstone ex parte australi et Yocatum le Gorsty crofte quod
quidem croftum jacet in latitudine inter terram Nicholai Blundell^
in tenura Nicholai Kyngdey ex parte boreali et dictam Tiam ex
parte australi et extendens in longitndine a terra Willielmi Blake-
hurst ex parte ocddentali usque ad terram Willidmi BotiUer^ in
tenura Johannis Twysse ex parte orientali^ quse messuagium terrse
et tenementa prsedicta modo in tenura Johannis Smythe sed nuper
in tenura Johannis Wode reddunt dicto Petro per annum viddioet
duodedm soUdos cum servitio duorum dierum autumpnalium qu»
Talent per annum quatuor denarios.
§ Edwardus Sothewubthe de Weryngton prsedicta tenet de
dicto Petro Legh milite unum messuagium cum gardino ddem ad-
jacente ex parte boreali fori de Weryngton jacentia in quodam
loco vocato Prat rowe in latitudine inter messuagium et gardinum
Willielmi Botiller in tenura Bogeri Hyndeley ex parte ocddentali
et messuagium nuper in tenura Bogeri Kenyan ex parte orientali
^ There was a snccesnon of the Blundellfl of Crosby bearing the name of Nicholas,
as appears by the pedigree. (History of Lanauhirg, !▼. 218.) This Nicholas was
probably of that &mily.
' Ante, page 4.
LANDS AND TBNBMBNT8 IN WBRTNGTON. 48
Henry Garnet on the souths and extending in length from a mea-
dow of William Botiller in the tenure of Bichard Massy on the
west, as &r as a certain acre of meadow of the said William Botiller
in the tenure of Balph Kellurmargh on the east.
Also he holds another half acre in Howley aforesaid lying in
breadth between land of Henry Birom in the tenure of Thomas
Wadyngton on the east, and a certain croft containing an acre of
land of the said Henry Birom in the tenure of the said Henry
Hawrobyn on the west, and extending in length from the shore of
the sea of Mersee on the south, as far as a certain small field of
glebe land belonging to the rectory of Weryngton in the tenure of
John Massy on the north.
Also he holds a croft containing three roods of land lying beside
the [high] way leading frt>m the high church of Weryngton as far
as the town of Wulstone on the south, and called le Gorsty croft,
which croft lies in breadth between land of Nicholas Blundell in
the tenure of Nicholas Kyngeley on the north and the said [high]
way on the south, and extends in length from land of William
Blakehurst on the west, as far as land of William Botiller in the
tenure of John Twysse on the east; which messuage, lands, and
tenements aforesaid now in the tenure of John Smythe, but late in
the tenure of John Wode, render to the said Peter yearly, to wit,
twelve shillings, with two days' service in autumn, which is worth
four pence.
Edwabd Sothbwubthb of Weryngton aforesaid holds of the
said Peter Legh, knight, a messuage with a garden thereto adjoin-
ing on the north of the market place of Weryngton, lying in a
certain place called Prat rowe, in breadth between a messuage and
garden of William Botiller in the tenure of Roger Hyndeley on
the west and a messuage late in the tenure of Roger Kenyan on
4A DB TBEmiB £T TBNBMBNTI8 IN WBBYNOTON.
et extendunt in longitudine a dicto foio ex parte aiutrali usque ad
bmeram de Weryngton ex parte boreali, quae messnagium et gar-
diniim valent dicto Petro per annum octo solidos cum servitio
duorum diemm autompnaUum que yalent per annum quatuor
denarios.
§ Item dictus Pbtbus habet uuum messuagium vetns nuper in
tenura Rogeri Kenyan cum gardino eidem messuagio adjaoente
que messuagium et gardinum jacent et situantur ex parte boreali
dicti fori villsB de Weryngton in pnedicto loco yocato Prat rowe
jacentia in latitudine inter messuagium dicti Petri in tenura
Edwardi Sothewurthe ex parte occidentali et unum novum pulcrum
messuagium nuper in tenura Mai^erise Sale ex parte oriental! et
extendentia in longitudine a dicto foro prsedictse villsB de Weryng-
ton ex parte australi usque ad brueram de Weryngton ex parte
boreali^ quae messuagium et gardinum solent reddere dicto Petro
Legh per annum octo soUdos cum servitio duonim dierum au-
tumpnalium que valent per annum quatuor denarios.
§ Item dictus Petbus Legh habet duas acras terrse in HoUay
pertinentes pnedicto messuagio nuper in tenura Rogeri Kenyan
quarum una acra jacet videlicet una finis versus orientem et altera
finis versus occidentem et altera acra jacet una finis versus boream
et altera finis versus austrum et una acra dictarum duarom jacet
in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri Legb nuper in tenura
Jobannis Wode ex parte orientali et terram Willielmi Botiller in
tenura Radidphi Kellurmargh et terram Henrici Oamet ex parte
occidentali et una acra praedicta extendit in longitudine a litore
aquae de Mersee ex parte australi usque ad alteram acram praedicti
Petri ex parte boreaU et alia dicta acra jacet ex transverso prae-
dictam acram alteram jacentem in latitudine inter communem
fossam de Hollay praedicto ex parte boreali et aliam praedictam
acram praedicti Petri ex parte australi et extendit in longitudine a
praedicta venella vocata Hollay lane ex parte occidentali usque ad
dictam communem fossam et super litus aquae de Mersee ex parte
orientali.
. LANB8 AND TENEMENTS IN WEKYNOTON. 45
tbe eajst^ and extending in length firom the said market place on
the south as fiEur as Weryngton heath [i.e. towards Longford] on
the north; which messuage and garden are worth to the said
Peter by the year eight shillings^ with two days' service in autumn^
worth four pence by the year.
Likewise the said Peter has one ancient messuage late in the
tenure of Roger Kenyan^ with a garden thereto adjoining, which
messuage and garden lie and are situate on the north of the said
market place of the town of Weryngton in the aforesaid place
called Prat rowe, lying in breadth between a messuage of the said
Peter in the tenure of Edward Sothewurthe on the west and a fair
new messuage late in the tenure of Margery Sale on the east, and
extend in length from the said market place of the aforesaid town
of Weryngton on the south as far as Weryngton heath on the
north; which messuage and garden usually render to the said
Peter Legh by the year eight shillings, with two days' service in
autumn, worth four pence a year.
Likewise the said Peter Leoh has two acres of land in Howley
belonging to the aforesaid messuage late in the tenure of Roger
Kenyan, whereof one acre lies [as follows] to wit, one end towards
the east and the other towards the west, and the other acre lies
one end towards the north and the other end towards the south,
and one of the said two acres lies in breadth between land of the
said Peter Legh late in the tenure of John Wode on the east, and
land of William Botiller in the tenure of Ralph Kellurmargh and
land of Henry Gramet on the west, and extends in length from the
shore of Mersee water on the south as far as the other of the afore-
said two acres of the said Peter on the north, and the other of the
aforesaid two acres lies opposite the first, in breadth between the
common ditch of Howley aforesaid on the north and the first of the
said two acres on the south, and extends in length from the aforesaid
lane called Howley lane on the west, as far as the said common
ditch and the shore of Mersee water on the east.
46 DB TBEBIS BT TBNBMBNTIB IN WBBYNGTON.
Item habet unam rodam terr» longam jacentem in campo de
Hollay pnedicto ac pertinentem dicto measoagio nuper in tennra
lU^ri Kenian jacentem in latitndine inter terram Johaonis
Norreifl ex parte boreali et terram dicti Willielmi Botiller in
tennra Johanms Sonky^ ex parte anstrali et extendit in longitndine
a litore maris de Mersee fere extra yiam bigalem ex parte occidentali
usque ad terram dicti Johannis Norreis^ ex parte orientali quae
Solent reddere dicto Petro per annum Tidelicet
§ Item dictuB Petbus Lbgh habet unum pulcrum messuagium
noviter constructum cum duabus pulcris altis cameris cum coquina
cum magno gardino et ustrina nova in fine boreali dicti gardini
juxta brueram de Weryngton jacentia ex parte boreali dicti fori in
1 The Sonkya who «re mentioned here, and m suhBeqaent paffes, were landownen
in Waningion at an early period, as appears by the following curious charter, ex-
tracted from Lord Lilford's evidences, and the date of which was probably about
1276:
** Sciant presentes & fiitnri quod ego Willielmus fil. Ade de Sonky et Hawys
nxor meus dedimus &c. Bogero de Sonky unnm bufgagium in TiUa de Werington,
iUad scilicet quod jacet inter burgagium Thonue de Holland et buigagium Annabel
Dublerose. Habend' &c. Reddendo inde annuatim capitali domino de Weringtonft
duodecim denarios atgenti &c. Hils testibus Bieardo Pineema, Henrico Pincema,
Thuistano de Holand, Will' de Sonky, dom<» Radnlfo Gapellano, Rogero de Opton,
Roberto de Witefeld clerico et aliis."
A little later we have a record of the Sonkys in the Abbreviatio Rotulorum
Oriffinalium^ 23 Edward I., p. 91, which shews that these humble landowners had
the spirit to resist the encroachments of a poweiful neighbour; for, after reciting
that Robertas de Sonky had recoTored seisin before the king's justices of the
bench against William le ButyUer of Weiyngton, of and concerning land in
Weryngton twenty-four feet long and eight feet broad, the sheriff is commanded to
delirer possession.
The Sonkys held little Sankey a hamlet of Warrington under the BntierB, and
we have evidence from time to time of homage done by them for these lands.
On the 13th January, 5 Henry YII., Randle Sonky did his homage and paid
X" for his relief. John Sonky the son of this Randle had a son Thomas, in whom
the family spirit was not extinct, for he was in the train of Sir Thomas Butler at
the battle of Flodden Field (9th September 1513) and was there slain.
LANDS AUD TBNBMBNTS IN WBBTNOTON. 47
Also he has one long rood of land lying in Howley field afore-
said belonging to the said messiutge late in the tenure of Roger
Kenian^ [and] lying in breadth between land of John Norreis on
the north and land of the said William Botiller in the tenure of
John Sonky on the souths and extending in length from a cartway
by the shore of the sea of Mersee on the west as far as land of the
said John Norreis on the east^ which usually render to the said
Peter yearly, to wit,
Likewise the said Pbtbb Leoh has a &ir messuage newly built,
with two fair high chambers, a kitchen, a great garden, and a new
oven at the north end of the said garden near to Weryngton heath
[i.e. the heath towards Longford], lying on the north side of the
They aie again nMniioned in a later charter, which is remarkable for the men*
Uon of Oliver Berddey, to whom alliunon is made in the Introdnetion. The charter
is dated 7 Henry YIII., and by it Oliver Berdsley, draper, releases to Thomas
Botiler a messnag^ in the High strete in Weryngton, between a tenement of
and a tenement of Thomas Sonky, late in the tenure of William Gray, baker.
In November 1639, Edward Bonky filed a biU in Chancery against Mr. Ireland the
then owner of Bewsey, for an account of the rents of his estate of Little Sankey, in
which he states that being only three years old when his &ther died. Sir Thomas
Ireland who was his fathei^s executor entered upon the lands. That he the com-
plainant in his youth betook himself to travels beyond the seas, and after spending
many years there, was only vexy recently returned. Lord Lilford's Pa/p^rg,
' I am indebted to the kindness of Mr. Langton for the following inquisition,
which not only introduces to us this John Norreys during his minority, but gives
the date of his father^s death, and makes mention of the premises referred to in the
text:^
** Inquisitio capta apud Werington coram Roberto de Halsall Eacaetore die martis
proz. post festum ezaltationis Ste. Crucis an<** 4 H. Y. p. sacr™* Johannis Dokes-
buiye et aliorum qui dicunt quod Johes Norreys obiit seisitus de certis terris in
Orford et tenuit de Johanne fiUo et hered. WiUielmi Botiller militis inira etat. p.
servic. militare que valent p. annum ultra reprisas 10^ ^ Item de certis terru in
Kirk street de Werington et tenuit de Gilberto de Haydok ch. p. servic. militare
que valent p. an. ultra reprisas 8^ lO'- ob. et quod obiit die LunsB prox. ante festum
nativitat. beats Marin Virginis anno Henrici quinti quarto et quod Johannes filius
ejus est hsDies propinqtdor et setatis 12 annorum et amplius."
48 DB TBBBIB BT TENBMENTIS IN WBBTNOTON*
pnedicto loco vocato Pratte rowe quondam in tenura Margerise Sale
jacentia in latitudiue inter messuagium prsedicti Petri nuper in
tenura Bogeri Kenian ex parte occidentali et alium messuagium et
gardinum dicti Petri in tenura Willielmi Mulyngton ex parte
oriental! et extendunt in longitudine a dicto foro dictse yillae ex
parte austraU usque ad' brueram de Weryngton ex parte boreali,
qu» Talent per annum dicto Petro undedm solidos cum servitio
duorum dierum autumpnalium quae valent quatuor denaiios.
§ WiLLiELMUs Mulyngton de Weryngton prsedicta tenet de
dicto Petro unum messuagium cum stabulo et gardino eidem
adjacentibus ex boreaii parte dicti fori in dicto loco Tocato Prat
rowe jacentia in latitudine inter praedictum pulcrum messuagium
dicti Petri nuper in tenura MargerisB Sale ex parte occidentali
et alium messuagium dicti Petri in tenura Johannis Dychefeld ex
parte orientali et extendunt in longitudine a dicto foro dictse yillae
ex parte australi usque ad brueram de Weryngton ex parte
boreaii.
Item tenet unam acram terrae jacentem in Arpeley jacentem in
latitudine inter terram glebaealem rectoris de Weryngton in tenura
Willielmi Holbroke ex parte orientali et terram Willielmi Botiller
in tenura Johannae nuper uxoris Hamundi Nayler et terram
Johannis Wynyngton in tenura Johannis Hille et terram dicti
Petri Legh in tenura Bicardi Hardeware ex parte fere occidentali
et partim australi et extendentem in longitudine a terra dicti Petri
Legh in tenura Johannis Hardewar ex parte fere boreaii et partim
occidentali usque ad pratum dicti Willielmi BotiUer in tenura
dictae nuper uxoris Hamundi Nayler ex parte fere australi et
partim orientali.
Item tenet aUam acram terrae in Arpeley praedicta jacentem in
latitudine juxta le magnam spinam in Arpeley ex parte australi et
juxta terram Willielmi Botiller^ in tenura uxoris Bogeri Clerk
senioris et terram dicti Petri in tenura Bogeri Holbroke ex parte
' Ante, page 4.
LANDS AND TSNSHENT8 IN WERYNGTON.
49
said market place in tlie aforesaid place called Pratte rowe formerly
in the tenure of Margery Sale, and lying in breadth between the
messuage of the aforesaid Peter late in the tenure of Roger Kenian
on the west and another messuage and garden of the said Peter in
the tenure of WiUiam Mulyngton on the east, and extending in
length from the said market place of the said town on the south
as far as [the same] Weryngton heath on the north; which is
worth to the said Peter yearly eleven shillings, with two days^ ser-
vice in autumn, worth four pence.
William Multnoton of Weryngton aforesaid holds of the
said Peter one messuage, with a staUe and garden adjoining, on
the north of the said market place in the said place called Prat
rowe, lying in breadth between the aforesaid fair house of the said
Peter late in the tenure of Margery Sale on the west, and another
messuage of the said Peter in the tenure of John Dychefeld on the
east, and extending in length from the said market place of the said
town on the south as far as the same Weryngton heath on the north.
Also he holds one acre of land in Arpeley lying in breadth be-
tween the glebe land of the rector of Weryngton in the tenure of
William Holbroke on the east, and land of William Sotiller in the
tenure of Joan late the wife of Hamund Nayler and land of John
Wynyngton in the tenure of John Hille and land of the said Peter
Legh in the t^iure of Richard Hardeware towards the west and in
part towards the south, and extending in length from land of the
said Peter Legh in the tenure of John Hardewar towards the
north and in part towards the west, as far as a meadow of the said
William Botiller in the tenure of the said late wife of Hamund
Nayler towards the south and in part towards the east.
Also he holds another acre of land in Arpeley aforesaid lying in
breadth between the great thorn in Arpeley on the south, and be-
side the land of William Botiller in the tenure of the wife of
Roger Clerk the elder and land of the said Peter in the tenure of
Roger Holbroke in part towards the north and in part towards the
II
50 DB TsmmiB n tbnkmbntis in wbetnoton.
fere boieali ei partim oodbdentali et extendit in kmgitadine a tern
dicti Petri in tenura Willielmi Fletcher senioris ex parte fere ocd-
dentali et partim aostrali nsqne ad terram dicti Petri in tenura
Johannis Hardwar ex parte fere orientali et partim boreali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro nnam dimidiam acram terrse in
Arpeley praedicto jacentem in latttndine inter terram Banolphi de
Bixton^ in tennra Boberti Ody ex parte anstrali et terram Henrici
Birom in tennra Johannis Hardewar ex parte boreali et extendit in
longitodine a terra dicti Banulphi Bixton in tennra Bicardi Fletcher
ex parte orientali naqne ad terram Johannis Norres ex parte ocd-
dentali^qnsprffidictareddont dicto Petro Legh per annnm
com servitio duorom dierum aatumpnalium qnn valent per annum
qnatuor da:ia]ios«
§ JoHANNBS Dtchbfeld de Weryngton tenet de dicto Petro
Legh milite nnnm messuagium sub tecto com messuagio dicti
Petri in tenura prsedicti Williebni Mulyngton sedificatum cum
gardino eidem messuagio adjacente in dicto loco dictse villae vocato
Pratt rowe jacentia in longitudine inter messuagium dicti Petri in
tenura prsedicti Willielmi Mulyngton ex parte oocidentali et alium
messuagium dicti Petri in tenura Badulphi Sothume ex parte
orientali quod quidem messuagium situatnr ex parte boreali dicti
fori de Weryngton et gardinum pr»dictum jacet in latitudine int^
Ticum^ qui dudt a foro de Weryngton versus Longforthe ex
parte orientali et gardinum dicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi
Mulyngton ex parte occidentali et extendit in longitudine a bruera
de Weryngton ex parte boreali usque ad gardinum dicti Petri in
tenura Johannis Hakynsall ex parte anstrali.
Item tenet duas acras terrsB invicem jacentes in campo de
' Ante page 5.
' This street, which is now the hone market, in the reign of G^ige II. was called
the beast market or Heath street, as appears from the following description of the
premises contained in several indentures of lease and release, dated respeetiTely 1st
and 2nd May, 1728, and 2nd and 3rd January, 1729 :
^ All that boilding called and known by the name of the old court house, situate
and being at the higher end of the old com market, (except the dungeon and the
LANDS AND TENBMBNT8 IN WBRTNOTON. 51
west, and extending in length from land of the said Peter in the
tenure of William Fletcher the elder in part towards the west and
in part towards the south, as far as land of the said Peter in the
tenure of John Hardwar in part towards the east and in part to-
wards the north.
Also he holds of the said Peter one half acre of land in Arpeley
aforesaid, lying in breadth between land of Handle de Bixton in
the tenure of Robert Ocly on the south, and land of Henry Birom
in the tenure of John Hardewar on the north, and extending in
length from land of the said Randle Bixton in the tenure of
Bichard Fletcher on the east, as far as the land of John Norres on
the west; which premises render to the said Peter Legh yearly
^a *l»e service of two days in autumn, worth by the
year four pence.
John Dtchevbld of Weryngton holds of the said Peter Legh,
knight, one messuage built under the [same] roof with another
messuage of the said Peter in the tenure of the aforesaid William
Mulyngton, with a garden to the same messuage adjoining in the
said place of the said town called Pratte row, lying in length
between a messuage of the said Peter in the tenure of the aforesaid
William Mulyngton on the west and another messuage of the said
Peter in the tenure of Ralph Sothume on the east, which mes-
suage is situate on the north of the said market place of Weryngton,
and the aforesaid garden lies in breadth between the street which
leads from the market place of Weryngton towards Longforthe on
the east, and a garden of the said Peter in the tenure of the said
William Mulyngton on the west, and extends in length from Wer-
yngton heath on the north, as far as a garden of the said Peter in
the tenure of John Hakynsall on the south.
Also he holds two acres of land lying together in Arpeley field
shop, parcel of the said premiMs,)" and ^all that one shopp with the appurtenances,
sitoate, standing, and being in the old com market in Warrington aforesaid, at the
west end of the old court house over the dungeon adjoining on the north side to the
entry or passage leading past widow Percival's shop into the beast market or Heath
street, together with the said dungeon or cellar under the said shop."
52 DB TBRRI8 ST TBNBMBNTia IN WEBYNOTON.
Arpeley pnedicto in latitudine inter aquam de Menee et propin-
quiores diets aquie aliqua terra ex parte occidentali et terram dicti
Petri in tenuris Johannis Hardwar et Johannia Hakynsall ex parte
orientali et extendunt in longitudine a terra GralMdi Sawer in
tenuris Johannis Wilkynson et Henrici Wodeeok ex parte boreali
usque ad terram dicti Petri in tenura Bogeri Holbroke ex parte
australi, quae reddunt dicto Petro per annum cum ser-
Titio duorum dierum autumpnalium quae yalent per annum quatuor
denarios.
^ Radulfhits Sothurnb tenet de dicto Petro Legh unnm mes-
suagium cum gardino jacens in villa de Weryngton prsedicta in
dicto loco Yocato Pratte rowe ex oomerio orientali dicti fori et
dicti loci quod quidem messuagium situatur in longitudine inter
messuagium dicti Petri in tenura Johannis Hakynsall ex parte
boreali et dictum comerium orientale fori ex parte australi et gar-
dinum pnedictum jacet in latitudine inter gardinum dicti Johannis
Hakynsall ex parte boreali et pnedictum messuagium dicti Petri
in tenura dicti Johannis Dychefeld ex parte australi et extendit
in longitudine a dicto messuagio in tenura dicti Badulphi ex parte
orientali usque ad gardinum dicti Petri in tenura Willielmi Mul-
yngton ex parte occidentali.
§ Item tenet unam acram terrse in Arpeley prsedicto jaoentem
juxta spinam in Arpeley ridelicet propinquiorem vilke de Weryng-
ton in latitudine inter acram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Johannis
Hakynsall ex parte boreali et quadam bilanda dividit dictam acram
in tentura dicti Radulphi et acram dicti Petri in tenura Johannis
Hakynsall et terram Ranulphi Ryxton in tenura Rogeri Hyndeley
ex parte australi et extendit in longitudine a terra dicti Petri in
tenura Ricardi Hardewar ex parte occidentali usque ad terram
Willielmi Botiller ut supponitur in tenura uxoris Rogeri Clerk
senioris ex parte orientaH.
Item tenet dimidiam acram terrsc in Arpeley prsedicto jacentem
in latitudine inter dictam terram Willielmi Botiller ut supponitur
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WERYNGTON. 53
afoTesaid^ Ijing in breadth between Mersee water and nearer to tbe
said water than any [other land] on the west, and land of the said
Peter in the tenures of John Hardwar and John Hakynsall on the
east, and extending in length from land of Geoffirey Sawer in the
tenures of John Wilkynson and Henry Wodecok on the east, as
far as the land of the said Peter in the tenure of Roger Holbroke
on the south; which render to the said Peter yearly
with two days' service in autumn, worth four pence per annum.
Ralph Sothurns holds of the said Peter Legh one messuage
with a garden lying in the aforesaid town of Weryngton in the
said place called Pratte rowe [and] at the easterly comer of the
[same place] and of the said market place, which messuage is
situate in length between a messuage of the said Peter in the
tenure of John Hakynsall on the north and the said easterly comer
of the said market place on the south, and the aforesaid garden lies
in breadth between the garden of the said John Hakynsall on the
north and the aforesaid messuage ofthe said Peter in the tenure of
the said John Dychefeld on the south, and extending in length from
the said messuage in the tenure of the said Ralph on the east as far
as the garden of the said Peter in the tenure of William Mulyngton
on the west.
Also he holds one acre of land in Arpeley aforesaid lying beside
the thorn in Arpeley, to wit, [on the side] nearest to the town of
Weryngton, in breadth between an acre of the said Peter in the
tenure of the said John Hakynsall on the north, (a certain bUand
divides the said acre in the tenure of the said Ralph, and an acre
of the said Peter in the tenure of John Hakynsall, and land of
Randle Ryxton in the tenure of Roger Hyndeley on the south,)
and extending in length from land of the said Peter in the tenure
of Richard Hardewar on the west, as far as the land supposed
to be William Botiller's in the tenure of the wife of Roger Clerk
the elder on the east.
Also he holds a half acre of land in Arpeley aforesaid lying in
breadth between the said land supposed to be William Botiller's
54 DE TSEEI8 BT TENBMENTIS IN WBETNGTON.
in tennra dictn uxoris Bogeri Clerk ex parte boreali et tenram dicti
Willielmi Botiller in tenora diets uxoris ex parte anstrali et ex-
tendit in longitudine a terra heredis Bogeri ArosmTthe in tennra
Johannis Twysse ex parte ocddentali usque ad qnandam acram
terrsB in tenura Willielmi Fletcher ex parte orientalL
Item tenet duas aeliones in Arpeley prsedicto jacentes in latitu-
dine inter terram Bicardi Pasmethe in tenura Willielmi Hille ex
parte ocddentali et terram dicti Willielmi Botiller in tennra Wil-
lielmi Kyngelej ex parte orientali et extendit in longitudine a
terra Johannis Birom in tenura Johannis Hardwar ex parte fere
boreali et partim ocddentali usque ad terram Willielmi Gerard de
Ince in tenura Bogeri Clerk junioris ex parte fere anstrali et par-
tim orientali.
Item tenet unam dimidiam acram terrae jacentem in loco dicto
Arpeley vocato Weteakyrs in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in
tenura Johannis Hardwar ex parte orientali et terram dicti Wil-
lielmi Botiller in tenura diets uxoris Hamundi Nayler ex parte
ocddentali et extendit in longitudine a terra dicti Willielmi
Botiller in tenura dictse uxoris Hamundi ex parte boreali usque ad
terram dicti Willielmi Botiller in tenura Willielmi Barbor ex parte
anstrali.
Item tenet aliam dimidiam acram terrse jacentem in dicto loco
de Weteakyrs in latitudine inter terram dicti Willielmi Botiller in
tenura Bicardi Wynyngton ex parte boreali et terram dicti Wil-
lielmi Botiller in tenura Willielmi Sporis et diets uxoris Hamundi
Nayler ex parte anstrali et extendit in longitudine a terra dicti
Petri in tenura Johannis Hardewar ex parte ocddentali usque ad
duas seliones dicti Petri in tenura dicti Bicardi Hardewar ex parte
orientali.
Item tenet unum croftum contincns duas acras terrse et di-
midiam unius acrs cum sepibus et fossis inclusum jacens in lati-
tudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura Johannis Fulshaghe ex
parte orientaU et altam viam duoentem a villa de Weryngton
usque ad campum de Arpeley ex parte occidental et extendens in
longitudine a via ducente a Weryngton versus Sonky ex parte
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WEATNQTON. 55
in the tenure of the said Roger Clerk's wife on the norths and land
of the said William Botiller in the tenure of the said wife on the
souths and extending in length from land of Roger Arosmythe's
heir in the tenure of John Twysse on the west, as far as a certain
acre of land in the tenure of William Fletcher on the east.
Also he holds two ridges of land in Arpeley aforesaid lying in
breadth between land of Richard Pasmethe in the tenure of Wil-
liam Hille on the west and land of the said William Botiller in the
tenure of William Kyngeley on the east, and extending in length
from land of John Birom in the tenure of John Hardwar in part
towards the north and in part towards the west, as far as the land
of William Gerard of Ince in the tenure of Roger Clerk the
younger in part towards the south and in part towards the east.
Also he holds one half acre of land lying in a part of Arpeley
aforesaid called Weteakyrs, in breadth between land of the said
Peter in the tenure of John Hardwar on the east and land of the
said William Botiller in the tenure of the said wife of Hamund
Nayler on the west, and extending in length from land of the said
William Botiller in the tenure of the said Hamund's wife on the
north, as fSnr as the land of the said William Barbor on the
south.
Also he holds another half acre of land lying in the said place
called Weteakyrs, in breadth between land of the said William
Botiller in the tenure of Richard Wynyngton on the north and
land of the said William Botiller in the tenure of William Sporis
and of the said wife of Hamund Nayler on the south, and extend-
ing in length from land of the said Peter in the tenure of John
Hardewar on the west, as £Eur as two ridges of land of the said
Peter in the tenure of the said Richard Hardewar on the east.
Also he holds one croft containing two acres and a half of land
inclosed with hedges and ditches, lying in breadth between land of
the said Peter in the tenure of John Fulshagh on the east and the
highway leading from the town of Weryngton as far as the Arpeley
field on the west, and extending in length from a way leading from
Weryngton to Saukey on the north, as far as land of Peter War-
56 DE TBEEI8 KT TBNBMENT18 IN WEmTNeTON.
boreali aBqne ad terram Petri Werfaiurton^ in toiixn
Garnet ex parte anstraU qiue omnia pnedicta reddnnt dicto Petro
per annum com aerritio dnomm dienun aatnmpnalium
qn» Talent per annum qnatiior denarioa.
§ JoBANNBa Haktnsall de Weryngton tenet de dieto Petro
L^h onnm messnagiom cum orto adjacente in dicto loco Yocato
Pratte rowe cum orreo et gardino jaoentia in latitudine inter
regiam atratam quse ducit a dicto toto de Weryngton versus
Beawsee et Wynwhik ex parte orientali et gardinum dicti Petri in
tenura dicti Willielmi Mulyngton ex parte occidaitali et ex<
tendunt in Icmgitudine a messuagio et gardino dicti Petri in tenura
Radulphi Sothume ex parte austraU usque ad gardinum dicti
Petri in tenura dicti Johannis Dychefeld ex parte boreali.
Item tenet muun acram teme in campo vocato Cocage cum
aepibus et foesiB inclusam jaoentem in latitudine inter campum
Sanulphi de Rixton in tenura Willielmi Kyngeley^ ex parte
boreali et campum dicti Willielmi Botiller in tenura Badulphi Kel-
lurmargb ex parte australi et extendentem in longitudine a terra
Marise nuper uxoris Hamundi Assheton ex parte oecid^itali usque
ad certa burgagia in tenura Thomse Balfrunte
ex parte orientali et in parte ocddentali pnedictse acne dicti Petri
in tenura dicti Johannis Hakynsall est quadam ria^ ducta per
duodecun juratores quia invenitur per dictos duodedm quod dicta
acra dicti Petri non fecit burgagium^ in antiquo tempore neque
modemo &c.
Item tenet dnas acras terrse in quadam panra baia cum sepibus
et fossis indusa et vulgariter nuncupata le Crymbull jaceutes inter
' Ante page 46.
' We meet with two WiUiain de KjghXejs, probably of tbis fiunilj, amongst tie
warrion at Agineoorty and ** Monsieur Richard S^ghley" was then in the retinao
of Sir William Batler. (Nicholas's Agincourt, pp. 363, 357.) In the introduction
to this work, where Richard Kjghlej is mentioned, his name is spelt as in the
Agincoort roll.
< One portion of the footway oyer Ck>ckkedgey which, the pablie at this day etvoy.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN WBRTNOTON. 57
burton in the tenure of Henry Oamet on the south; all which
aforesaid premises render unto the said Peter yearly
with two days' service in autumn, worth four pence a year.
John Haktnsall of Weryngton holds of the said Peter Legh
one messuage with a garden adjoining in the said place called
Pratte rowe, with a bam and garden lying in breadth between the
king's [highway or] street which leads from the said market place
of Weryngton towards Beawsee and Wynwhick on the east and a
garden of the said Peter in the tenure of the said William Mul*
yngton on the west, and extending in length from a messuage and
garden of the said Peter in the tenure of Ralph Sothume on the
south, as &r as the garden of the said Peter in the tenure of the
said John Dychefeld on the north.
Also he holds one acre of land in a field called Cocage inclosed
with hedges and ditches, lying in breadth between a field of Bandle
de Bixton in the tenure of William K3rngeley on the north and a
field of the said William Botiller in the tenure of Ralph Kellur-
margh on the south, and extending in length from land of Mary
late the wife of Hamund Assheton on the west as far as' certain
burgages in the tenure of Thomas Balfrunte on
the east ; and on the western side of the aforesaid acre of the said
Peter in the tenure of the said John Hakynsall a certain way has
been made by the twelve jurors, because it is found not to have
been a burgage either heretofore or now &;c.
Also he holds two acres of land within a certain small enclosure
enclosed with hedges and ditches, and commonly called le Crym-
seems to be owing to this spirited resistance of oar fore&thers against an ineroaeh-
ment on their rights. The interference here, to his honour so faithfully recorded
by the Legh chronicler, has probably been the means of preserving to us that por-
tion of the road over Cockhedge, which crosses the field lately rented from Thomas
Legh, esquire, as a depository for the street sweepings and paving stones.
^ The term burgage is here applied with reference to the exercise of some pri-
vilege to be exercised in the manor court ; and the tweWe men who are here found
asserting the public right by drawing ^ a ploughshare" across the site of the as-
sumed bnigage, were no doubt the jury of the court baron.
I
58 DB TBRBIS BT TBNBlfBNTIS IN WEETNOTON.
braeram de Weryngton ex orientali latere molendini ventaitici de
Weryngton ex parte boreali et quendam campum Johaimis Wyn-
yngton in tenura Bacardi de Wynyngton ex parte aastrali et ex-
tendit in longitudine a terra pertinente ecclefdie altie de Weryngton
vocata Seint Mary's londe ex parte orientali usque ad terram
Bacardi Pasmethe in tenura Willielmi Hille ex parte ooddentali.
Item tenet unam acram teme jacentem in Arpdey pnedicto in
latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura Radulphi Sothume
ex parte australi et tenura dicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi
Mulyngton et Willielmi Fletcher ex parte boreali et extendit in
longitudine a terra dicti Petri et in tenura Bacardi Hardewar ex
parte occidentali usque ad terram Willielmi Botiller ut sup-
ponitur in tenura nuper uxoris Bogeri Clerk senioris ex parte
orientali.
Item tenet dimidiam acram terras jacentem in campo de Arpeley
prsedicto in latitudine inter aquam de Mersee ex parte occidentali
et terram Willielmi Gherard de Ince ex parte orientali et extendit
in longitudine a terra dicti Petri in tenura Johannis Fulsbaghe ex
parte boreali usque ad terram Bacardi Bruche in tenura Willielmi
Holbroke ex parte australi^ quae prsedicta reddunt dicto Petro per
annum tresdedm solidos quatuor denarios cum duobus diebus
autumpnalibus qua valent quatuor denarios.
§ Henbicus Hatton tenet de dicto Petro Legh quoddam mes-
suagium jacens sup^ et juxta latus australe bruerse de Weryngton
cum gardino eidem adjacente in latitudine inter gardinum dicti
Petri in tenura nuper Edwardi Sothewurthe ex parte orientali et
quoddam croftum dicti Petri et in tenura dicti Henrici ex parte
occidentali et extendunt in longitudine a gardino dicti Petri in
tenura Johaimis Lacbe et Sibillae Andrewe ex parte australi usque
ad prsedictam brueram de Weryngton ex parte boreali.
Item tenet unum croftum jacens in latitudine inter prsedictam
brueram de Weryngton ex parte occidentali et dictum gardinum in
tenura dicti Henrici ex parte orientali et extendit in longitudine a
dicta bruera de Weryngton ex parte boreali usque ad quandam
LANDS AND TBNBMENT8 IN WBRYNOTON, 59
bull, lying between Weryngtoa beath to the east of Weryngton
windmill on tbe north and a certain field of John Wynyngton in
the tenure of Bichard de Wynyngton on the souths and extending
in length from land belonging to the high church of Weryngton^
called Saint Mary's land on the east, as fSur as the land of Bichard
Pasmethe in the tenure of William Hille on the west.
Also he holds one acre of land lying in Arpeley aforesaid, in
breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of Ralph So-
thume on the south, and land of the said Peter in the tenure of
the said WiUiam Mulyngton and William Fletcher on the north,
and extending in length from the land of the said Peter in the
tenure of Bichard Hardewar on the west, as far as the land which
is supposed to be William Botiller's in the tenure of the late wife
of Boger Clerk the Elder on the west.
Also he holds half an acre of land lying in Arpeley field afore-
said in breadth between Mersee water on the west, and land of
William Gerard of Ince on the east, and extending in length from
land of the said Peter in the tenure of John Fulshagh on the north,
as far as land of Bichard Bruche in the tenure of William Holbroke
on the south, which premises aforesaid render to the said Peter
yearly thirteen shillings and four pence, with two days' in autumn
which are worth four pence.
Henbt Hatton holds of the said Peter Legh a certain messuage
lying upon and beside the south side of Weryngton heath with a
garden thereto adjoining, in breadth between a garden of the said
Peter late in the tenure of Edward Sothewurthe on the east, and a
certain croft of the said Peter in the tenure of the same Henry on
the west, and extending in length from a garden of the said Peter
in the tenure of John Lache and Sybil Andrewe on the south, as
far as the aforesaid Weryngton heath on the north.
Also he holds a croft lying in breadth between the aforesaid
heath of Weryngton on the west, and the said garden in the tenure
of the said Henry on the east, and extending in length from the
said heath of Werjoigton on the north, as far as a certam bake-
60 DB TBBKIfl BT TBNBMBNTIS IN WBBYN6TON.
ngtrmam WOliehiii Botiller in tennra Johaumia Massy ex parte
australi.
Item tenet tres acras tense inyicem jacentes in Arpeley in piae*
dicto loco vocato Weeteakyrs in latitudine inter terrwn nxom
nuper Johannis Pigot de dote sua sed hereditatis Ranulphi Birton
in tenura Johannis Webster ex parte australi et terram dicti Petri
Legh & in tennra dicti Henrid Hatton et scilioet terrain WiUiehni
Botiller in tenuris Willielmi Barbor et Williehni Sporis ex parte
boreali et extendunt in longitudine a terra hseredis Rogeri Aro-
smTthe et abnttant super viam ex altera parte fossss ex parte
orientali usque ad terram dicti Petri in tenura Johannis Fulshagh
ex parte ocddentali.
Item tenet unam acram terrse in Arpeley prsedicto in prsedicto
loco de Weteakyrs jacentem in latitudine inter acram dicti nuper
Petri tenura Johannis Wode ex parte orientali et terram Willielmi
BotiUer in tenura Willielmi Barbor ex parte ocddentali et ex*
tendentem in longitudine a terra dicti Petri in tenura dicti Henrid
Hatton ex parte australi usque ad terram dicti Petri in tenuris
Johannis Hardewar et Badulphi Sothume ex parte boreali, qu»
valent per annum dicto Petro cum servitio duorum
dierum autumpnalium quae valent per annum quatuor denarios.
§ Item dictus Pbtbus Lboh miles habet quandam parvam pulcram
aulam cum alta camera et duabus shopis situata in comerio strati
ocddentalis ducentis a foro de Weryngton versus ecclesiam altam
dictse viUse et in latere ocddentali dicti strati in loco vocato le
Marketheyate^^ ubi quatuor strata dictse villse de Weryngton invi-
cem obviant modo cruds^ modo in tenura uxoris nuper Laurentii
BalJGrunte^ quae quidem aula cum camera et shopis jacent et situantur
in latitudine inter quandam opellam sive shopam Bicardi Pasmethe
in tenura Petri Bruche ex parte boreali et dictum comerium strati
^ Thin place, which 8tUl retaias the same name, appears to have obtained its name
at least as early as 17 Richard II., at which time it is mentioned in a charter of Sir
John Botiller, by which certain premises there situate are granted with an express
stipulation against the grantee laying filth in the highway.
4
/
J
LANDS AND TINBIIBNTS 11^ WSBTNOTON. 61
house of William Botdller in the tenure of John Massy on the
south.
Also he holds three acres of land lying tc^ther in Arpeley in
the aforesaid place called Weteakyrs, in breadth between land of
the late John Pigof s wife for her dower but the inheritance of
Randle Rixton in the tenure of John Webster on the souths and
land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of the said Henry Hatton^
and [other] land of the said William Botiller in the tenures of
William Barbor and William Sporis on the norths and extending
in length from the land of Boger Arosmythe's heir and abutting
in part upon the way of the common ditch on the east, as far as
the land of the said Peter in the tenure of John Fulshagh on the
west.
Also he holds one acre of land in Arpeley aforesaid in the afore-
said place called Weteakyrs lying in breadth between an acre of
the said Peter late iu the tenure of John Wode on the east, and
land of the said William Botiller in the tenure of William Barbor
on the west, and extending in length from land of the said Peter
in the tenure of the said Henry Hatton on the south, as far as land
of the said Peter in the tenures of John Hardewar and Ralph So-
thume on the north, which are worth per annum to the said Peter
with two days' service in autumn worth four pence
yearly.
Likewise the said Pbteb Leoh, knight, hath a certain small and
fair hall with a high chamber and two shops, situate at the comer
of the western street leading from the market place of Weryngton
towards the high church of the said town and in the western side
of the said street, in a place called le markethe yate, where four
streets of the said town meet together in the form of a cross, now
in the tenure of the late Lawrence Balfrunte's wife; which said haU,
with the chamber and shops, lie and are situate in breadth between
a certain workplace or shop of Richard Pasmethe in the tenure of
Peter Bruche on the north and the said comer of the street leading
62 DE TXEEI8 ST TKNBMXKTI8 IN WEBTNOTON.
ducentis a le Maarktheyate pnedicta usque ad dictam altam eode-
siam ex parte australi et extendunt in longitudine a dicto looo
▼ocato Marketh yate ex parte ocddentaU luqoe ad messuagiuni
Willielmi Botiller in tennra Johannis Massy ex parte orientaH.
Et dicta uxor Laurentii Balfrunte habet dictam aulazn ad oertmn
tenninnm ut patet per indenturas inter dictam Petrum Legh et
Laurentium fieu^tas. Qosd Talent per annnm nt snpponitar decem
solidos cum servitio dnonim dieram antnmpnalinm quie yalent per
annmn qnatuor denarios.
§ Item dictos Fetros habet in strato Yocato le Eyrkestrete villae
prsedictae unmn parvum gardinnm continens duo lecta teme jaoens
in latitndine inter certa lecta Ranulphi Rixton in tennra Bicardi
Massy ex parte ocddentali et gardinum Willielmi Botiller in tennra
dicti Bicardi Massy ex parte orientaU et extendit in longitndine a
dicta strata de Kyrkestrete prsedicta ex parte boreali usque ad orrea
rectorise ecclesise altse de Weryngton ex parte australi, quod gardi-
num valet per annum dicto Petro Legh videlicet .
§ WiLLiBLMUs Holme tenet de dicto Petro unum gardinum
continens unum latum lectum terrse jacens in orto vocato Davidis
yorde the webster in latitndine inter lectum Wilhelmi Botiller in
tenura dicti Willielmi Holme ex parte australi scilicet et inter
dictum stratum ducentem a fonte vocato Hallumswalle^ usque ad
ecclesiam altam ex parte australi et parvum gardinum Petri de
Werburton in tenura dicti Willielmi Holme ex parte boreali^ et
extendit in longitudine a terra videlicet croftum ortum et pomoe-
rium WiUielmi Blakehurst ad certum terminum per dictum Petrum
Legh dicto Willielmo per indenturam dimissa ex parte occidentali
usque ad quandam venellam vocatam le Hethe strete ducentem a
domo hseredis Bogeri Arosmythe modo in tenura dicti Willielmi
Holme versus brueram de Weryngton ex parte orientali, et valet
per annum dicto Petro per annum octo denarios.
^ In the maniucript this word, and Hallnmslaney are written with oontractionSy
thoB : HallOfllane, HaUQslane, HallCiswalle ; and it is not easy to say vezy aeea-
rately what the word is. It is eonjectored that it is a oormption for Helen's well.
LANDS AND TBNB1CXNT8 IN WSBTNOTON. 63
from le Markethe yate aforesaid as far as the said high church on the
southj and extending in length from the said place called Marketh
yate on the west as fsur as the messuage of William Botiller in the
tenure of John Massy on the east. And the said wife of Laurence
Balfrunte hath the said hall for a certain term^ as appears by in*
dentures made between the said Peter Legh and [the said] Lau-.
rence. Which [premises] are worth yearly^ as it is supposed^ ten
shillings, with the service of two days in autumn, worth fourpence
per annum.
likewise the said Peter has in the street called Eyrkestrete of
the aforesaid town one small garden containing two beds of land
lying in breadth between certain beds of Bandle Bixton in the
tenure of Bichard Massy on the west, and a garden of William
BotiUer in the tenure of the said Bichard Massy on the east, and
extending in length from the said street of Kyrkestrete aforesaid
on the north as far as the bams of the rectory of the high church
of Weryngton on the south, which garden is worth yearly to the
said Peter Legh, to wit .
William Holme holds of the said Peter one garden containing
one broad bed of land lying in an orchard called Davidis yorde the
Webster, in breadth between a bed of William Botiller's in the te-
nure of the said William Holme on the south, [interposed] between
the said street leading from the fountain called HallumswaUe as
fiur as the high church on the south and a small garden of Peter de
Werburton in the tenure of the said William Holme on the north,
and extendiiLg in length from land, to wit, a croft, garden, and
appleyard of William Blakefaurst, demised by indenture for a cer-
tain term by the said Peter Legh to the said William, on the west,
as far as a certain lane called le Hethe street leading from a house
of Boger Arosmythe^s heir, now in the tenure of the said William
Holme towards Weryngton heath on the east, and is worth yearly
to the said Peter eightpence.
64 DE TBBBI8 ST TENBMENTI8 IN WBRYNOTON.
§ BiCARDUs Pasmethb iiuper de Weryngton tenriit in yita sua
de dicto Petro Legh in villa preedicta ad certnm terminum unum
ortom com una ustrina nova desaper sedificata jacentia in vioo
Yocato Kyrkestrete in latitudine inter unum croftum fiiscum
Henrici Oamet ex parte orientali et terram ex parte
occidentali et extendentia in longitudine a prsedicto Yioo de Kyrke
strete ex parte boreali usque ad alium vicnm dictse yUlsd vocatum
le Bonke strete ex parte australi, quae valent per annum dicto
Petro
§ WiLLiBLMUS Kyngeley de Weryngton tenet de dicto Petro
Legh miUte unam acram terrse jacentem in campo de HoUay in
latitudine inter altam viam quee ducit a vico de Kyrkestrete usque
ad Hollay ex parte orientali et terram uxoris Laurentii Balfirunte
ex parte occidentali et extendit in longitudine a terra Bacardi
Bruche in tenura Johannis Pasmethe glover ex parte australi usque
ad prsedictam altam viam a le vico de Kyrkestrete usque ad Hollay
praedictum ex parte boreali et valet per annum
Item dictus Willielmus Kyngeley tenet de dicto Petro Legh
quendam campum cum sepibus et fossis inclusum continentem tres
acras terrse jacentem in latitudine inter quendam Pyghull^ Wil-
lielmi Gerard de Ince ex parte fere boreali et partim orientali et
altam viam quae ducit a bruera de Weryngton usque ad venellam
vocatam Baglane ex parte fere australi et partim occidentali et ex-
tendit in longitudine a via quae ducit de le Kyrke strete usque ad
dictam brueram ex parte fere occidentali et partim boreali usque
ad terram Willielmi Botiller in tenura Edmundi Berdisley ex parte
fere orientali et partim australi, qui v&let per annum dicto Petro
quatuor solidos duos denarios.
Item dictus Petrus habet unum gardinimi jaoens in le Hethe-
strete villae de Weryngton in latitudine inter messuagium Johannis
1 This term occun in the Wballey Coneher Book, (p. 611,) where we meet with
the Flax Pyghull Ite origin is prohably explained in the following extract from
Bloont's Law Dictionary, i.e. ** Pide, aliM Pightel, (Pictellom et FighteUum ;) a
LANDS AND TENBMSNT8 IN WBEYNOTON. 06
Richard Pasmsths, late of Weryngton, held during his life of
the said Peter Legh in the town aforesaid, for a certain term, one
garden witli one new bakehouse lately erected, lying in the street
caUed Eyrkestrete, in breadth between one fresh croft of Henry
Gbmet on the east and land on the west and extend-
ing in length from the Eyrkestrete aforesaid on the north as far as
another street of the said town called le Bonke strete on the souths
which are worth yearly to the said Peter
William Etnoelet of Weryngton holds of the said Peter Legh,
knight, one acre of land lying in Hollay field, in breadth between
the highway which leads from Eyrkestrete as far as Hollay [i.e.
Howley] on the east, and land of Laurence Balfrunte's wife on the
west, and extending in length from land of Richard Sruche in the
tenure of John Pasmethe, glover, on the south, as far as the afore-
said highway from le Eyrkestrete to Hollay aforesaid on the north,
and is worth yearly
Also the said William Eyngeley holds of the said Peter Legh a
certain field inclosed with hedges and ditches, containing three
acres of land lying in breadth between a certain Pyghull of William
Gerard of Lice towards the north and in part towards the east, and
a highway which leads from Weryngton heath as far as a lane
called Bi^glane towards the south and in part towards the westj
and extending in length from a way wliich leads from tlie Eyrke
strete as far as the said heath in part towards the west and in part
towards the north, as far as land of William Botiller in the tenure
of Edmund fierdidey in part towards the east and in part towards
the south, which is worth to the said Peter four shillings and two*
pence.
Likewise the said Peter has one garden lying in le Hethestreie
of the town of Weryngton in breadth between a messuage of John
small parrel of land encloaed with a hedge ; a little close ; perhaps from the Italian
Pieciola, minvtus^ which the common people in many parts of England do usually
call a pingle."
K
66 DB mSDDITIBUS CAFITALIBU8 IN WBRTNOTON.
Sonky ex parte australi et meseuagiain quondam uxoris hominis
Tocati le Fyche ex parte boreali et extendit in longitudine a terra
pertinente ecdesise altse de Weryngton modo in tennra Thonue
Wadyngton ex parte orientali usque ad dictam venellam yocatam
Hethestrete ex parte occidentali et reddit per annum octo de-
narios.
Rbdditus Cafitalis de Webtnoton.
BicABDUs Bbuchb tenet de Petro Legh milite duo burgagia ja^
centia in le Kyrkestrete yillffi de Weryngton in capite per servitium
militare et unam bovatam terrse jacentem in Arpeley Hollay et
Pilothull cum placia terrse vocata le Bawrydynge quae continet
quatuor acras terrse quarum quidem unum burgagium cum orto
jacent et situantur inter burgagium et ortum Bogeri Aroemytbe
ex parte occidentali et burgagium et ortum Henrici Garnet modo
in tenura Bacardi Byder ex parte orientaU et extendit in longitu-
dine a uno crofto dicti Bicardi Bruche ex parte australi usque ad
vicum regium de Kyrkestrete ex parte boreali. Et aUud burgagium
jacet et situatur inter burgi^um et ortum Henrici Garnet ex parte
occidentali et messuagium et ortum Banulpbi Bixton ex parte
orientali et extendens in longitudine a dicto vico regio ex parte
boreali usque ad terram dicti Bicardi Bruche ex parte australL
Item tenet unum croftum in capite de dicto Petro continens
duas acras terrse arabilis jacens inter rodam terrse d7.«ti Henrici
Garnet ex paarte occidentali et yenellam yocatam Hollay lane ex
parte orientali et inter orta pertinentia certis messuagiis in le
Kyrkestrete prsedicta ex parte boreali et terram 'Willielmi Botiller
modo in tenura Willielmi Hulme ex parte australi.
Item tenet in capite scilicet duas acras terrse et dimidiam acram
inricem jacentes sed dummodo quarum dimidia acra ad finem bo-
realem dictarum duarum acrarum prsescriptarum quae quidem duse
acrse et dimidia jacent in parvo campo in HoUay yocato le Hole.
CHIEF RENTS IN WEBYNGTON. 67
Sonky on the south and a messuage formerly of a man called le
Fyche on the norths and extending in length fix>m land belonging
to the high church of Weryngton now in the tenure of Thomas
Wadyngton on the east as far as the said lane called Hethe strete
on the west, and [which same garden] renders eightpence yearly.
Chief Eents in Werynoton.
EiCHARD Bruche holds of Peter Legh, knight^ two burgages
lying in the Kyrkestrete of the town of Weryngton in capite by
military service, and one bovate of land lying in Arpeley^ Hollay,
and Pilot hull, with a place of land called the Bawrydinge, which
contains four acres of land ; of all which, one burgage with a gar-
den lies and is situate between a burgage and a garden of Roger
Arosmythe on the west and a burgage and a garden of Henry Gar-
net now in the tenure of Richard Ryder on the east, and extends
in length from a croft of the said Richard Bruche on the south as
far as the king's highway of Kyrkestrete on the north ; and another
burgage lies and is situate between a burgage and garden of Henry
Gtamet on the west and a messuage and garden of Randle Rixton
on the east, and extends in length from the same king's highway
on the north as far as land of the said Richard Bruche on the
south*
Also he holds a croft in capite of the said Peter, containing two
acres of arable land lying between a rood of land of the said Henry
Garnet on the west and the lane called HoUay lane on the east,
and between the gardens belonging to certain messuages in le
Kyrkestrete aforesaid on the north and land of William Botiller
now in the tenure of William Hulme on the south.
Also he holds in capite to wit, two acres and a half of land lying
together, yet so that the half acre of the same lies at the north end
of the said two acres before written, which said two acres and a
half lie in a small field in HoUay called le Hole.
68 DE REDDITIBI78 CAPITALIBU8 IN WBRTNGTON.
Item tenet nnam acram teme in Hollay pnedicto jacentCTi in
tribus parcellis ftc.
Seqnitor capitalifl redditus Tills de Weiyngton pnedictas ac per-
tinens htereditati pTsedicti Petri Legh militis &c.
Thomas Dawns de Crawton tenet in capite de preedieto Petro et
per serritinm militare unun bnrgagiiun yacamn jaoens in Newgate
vilke de Weryngton inter burgaginm nuper sedificatnm Nicholai
Blundell modo in tenura Rogeri Gierke ex parte australi et qua-
tuor bnrgagia invieem jaoentia haereditatis Rannlphi Bixton in
quibns Alanus Walton^ Johannes Dychefeld, et Johannes Pnlforthe
modo inhabitant^ quod redderet dicto Petro de capitaU redditu pw
annum sexdedm denarios.
SiCABDUs Bbvche^ dd Bruche tenet medietatem manerii sui
del Bruche in capite per servitium militare cum omnibus membris
messuagiis terris dominicalibus ac aliis terris et tenementis dicto
dimidio pnedicti manerii spectantibus de dicto Petro Legh quod
quidem manerium cum pertinentiis jacet et situatur ex parte aus-
trali cujusdam bruerae yocat» le Bruche hethe et sic extendentia
versus quandam venellam ducentem a villa de Weryngton usque ad
villam de Wulstone et sic a dicta yenella usque ad aquam de
Mersee quod quidem messuagium cum omnibus membris et terris
dominicalibus suis cum suis pertinentiis jacent in latitudine inter
quendam rivulum vocatum le Bruche broke ex parte ocddentali et
alium riyulum vocatum le Wulstone Broke ex parte orientally quod
quidem dimidium manerii prsedicti cum pertinentiis reddunt dicto
Petro de capitali redditu per annum duodecim denarios.
Item idem Bicardus tenet de prsedicto Petro in capite per dictum
' According to the pedigree of the Legh family, this Bichard Bruche married
Margaret Legh, the daughter of the compiler of the ^(8.
CHIEF BENTS IN WEBYNOTON. 69
Also he holds oue acre of land in Hollay aforesaid^ lying in three
parcels^ &c.
Here follow the chief rents of the said town of Weryngton be-
longing to the inheritance of the aforesaid Peter Legh^ knight.
Thomas Dawns of Crawton holds in capite of the aforesaid
Peter and by military service, one vacant burgage lying in Newgate
of the town of Weryngton between a newly erected burgage of
Nicholas Blundell now in the tenure of Roger Gierke on the south,
and four burgages lying together, the inheritance of Bandle Bixton,
in which Alan Walton, John Dychefeld, and John Pulforthe now
dwell, which should render to the said Peter for chief rent si&teen
pence yearly.
Richard Bruche del Bruche holds of the said Peter Legh half
of his manor of Bruche in capite by military service, with all the
members, messuages, demesne and other lands and tenements to
the said half of the aforesaid manor beloi^ing, which manor with
its appurtenances lies and is situate on the south of a certain heath
called le Bruche hethe, and extends from thence towards a certain
lane leading firom the town of Weryngton as far as the town of
Wulstone, and so from the said lane as far as the water of Mersee,
which said messuage [query, manor ?] and all its members and de-
mesne lands with their appurtenances he in breadth between a
certain brook called le Bruche broke on the west and another brook
called le Wulstone broke on tiie east ; which said half of the manor
aforesaid with the appurtenances renders to the said Peter for chief
rent twelve pence yearly.
Also the same Richard holds of the aforesaid Peter in capite by
70 DS KBDDITIBUS CAFITALIBVS IN WBBTNOTON.
servitiiim uxnun messuagiiim cum orto eidem adjacente in quadam
strata Tills de Weryngton Tocata le Kyrkestrete Tocatiim le Bar*
bar's lande jaoens in longitadine dicti messuagii et in latitudine
dicti orti inter novum messnagiiun nuper Henrici lyssher lega-
tom altae eodesiae de Weryngton ex parte orientali et bnrga-
gium Tacniun nnper Bogeri Aroemythe et Henrici Garnet ex parte
ooddentali et extendens in longitadine dicti orti et in latitudine
dicti messaagii a pnedicta strata de Kyrkestrete prsdicta ex parte
anstrali usque ad ortum dicti Bogeri in tenura Williehni Holme ex
parte boreali, quod quidem messuagium et ortum reddunt dicto
Petro de capitali redditu per annum quatuordecim denarios.
Item dictus Bicardus tenet de dicto Petro duo bui^agia jacentia
in le Kyrkestrete villse de Weryngton in capite scilicet cum una
bovata terrae jacens in Hollay Arpeley et Pylothull cum una plaeea
torrae vocata Bawrydynge quae oontinet quatuor acras teirse, et
tenet pnedicta omnia per cartam, quae yalent tres solidos et octo
denarios.
Banulphus filius et haeres Matbei de Bixton^ tenet de dicto
Petro Legh milite in capite per servitium militare quatuor burgagia
invicem jacentia in quibus Alanus Walton, Jobannes Dycbefeld, et
Jobannes Pulfortbe modo tenent et inbabitant, quae quidem bur-
gagium tenentur et situantur inter vacuum burgagium quondam
Ghdfridi Werburton de Newcrofte ex parte boreali et alium vacuum
bui^agium Tbomae Daune de Crawton ex parte australi et exten-
dunt in longitudine a regia strata de Newgate praedicta ex parte
ocddentali usque ad pomcerium Henrici Byrom nuper in tenura
Jobannis Hardewar ex parte orientali.
Item dictus Banulpbus tenet de praedicto Petro Legb in capite
per servitium militare duo burgagia invicem jacentia in vioo prae-
dicto de Newgate villae praedictae in quibus Bicardus Lawe et Alicia
' In a MS. eolleetion of fines with which I have been faroured by Mr. Langion
I find the following, which possibly relates to one of the houses here held by Randle
de Bizton. " Apud Preston die Luno in secunda septimanft qaadragesimso anno
CHIBF BENTS IN WEBTNOTON. 71
the said service one messuage^ with a garden called le Barbor^s
lande thereto adjoining^ in a certain street of the town of Weryng-
ton called le Kyrkestrete lying in length of the said messuage and
in breadth of the said garden between a new messuage late of
Henry Fyssher^ and bequeathed to the high church of Weryngton^
on the east^ and an empty burgage late of Roger Arosmythe and
Henry Oamet on the west^ and extending in length of the said
garden and in breadth of the said messuage from Kyrkestrete
aforesaid on the south as far as the garden of the said Roger in the
tenure of William Holme on the North ; which messuage and gar-
den render to the said Peter for chief rent fourteen pence yearly.
Also the said Richard holds of the said Peter two burgages
lying in le Kyrkestrete in the town of Weryngton in capite^ to wit,
with one bovate of land lying in Hollay, Arpelay, and Pilot hull,
with one place of land called Rawrydynge, which contains four
acres of land ; and he holds by charter all the aforesaid [premises,]
which are worth three shillings and eightpence.
Randle, son and heir of Matthew de Rixton, holds of the said
Peter Legh, knight, in capite by military service, four burgages
lying together, in which Alan Walton, John Dychefeld, and John
Pnlforthe now dwell and inhabit, which burgages are held and are
situate between an empty burgage formerly of G^eofeey Werburton
of Newcrofie on the north, and another empty burgage of Thomas
Dawne of Crawton on the south, and extend in length from the
king's high way of Newgate aforesaid on the west, as far as the
apple yard of Henry Byrom late in the tenure of John Hardewar
on the east.
Also the said Randle holds of the said Peter Legh in capite by
military service, two burgages lying together in the aforesaid street
of Newgate of the town aforesaid, in which Richard Lawe and
dacatos Henriei daeis Lane, septimo coram &.c. Inter Bicam de Bizton qaer. . . .
Hugonem de Hawarden et Agn. nzorem ejns deforo nno mettoagio cam
pertin. in Weryngton undo pltum &c."
72 DS EKDDITIBUa CAPITALIBU8 IN WSBYNOTON.
Turton modo inhabitaDt jaoentia in latitadine inter magnum hos-
pitium^ Willielmi Botiller quondam in tenura Willielmi Arosmythe
sed modo in tenura Johannse nnper uxoris Hamundi Nayler ex
parte australi et alium burgagium sive messuagium dicti Williebni
Botiller in tenura Willielmi Sporis ex parte boreali et extendunt
in longitudine a yico de Newgate prsedicto ex parte orientali usque
ad aliam parcellam terrae dicti Willielmi Botiller in tenura dicti
Willielmi Sporis ex parte ocddentali.
Item dictus Banulphus tenet de pnedicto Petro in capite per
dictum servitium quinque parva burgagia invicem jacentia et situata
sub uno tecto in vico de Newgate pnodicto susum et josum^ muros
fratrum Augustinensium Till® de Weryngton pnedict» jacentia in
latitudine inter dictum yicnm de Newgate ex parte orientali et
muros dictorum firatrum ex parte ocddentali et extendunt in longi*
tudine a messuagio dicti Petri Legh in tenura Johannae Johannis
Doghtun ex parte boreali et messuagium Willielmi Botiller in
tenura Boberti Webster ex parte australi.
Item tenet dictus Ranulphus de dicto Petro Legh tria burgagia
sive messuagia inricem jacentia in capite per servitium militare
situata in vico praedicto de Newgate diets villse videlicet ex orien*
tali parte dicti vid et ex opposite prsedicta quinque parva burgagia
jacentia in latitudine inter messuagium et terram Laurentii Longe-
tre in tenura Simonis Mason ex parte boreali et messuagium
Willielmi Botiller in tenura Johannis Lawe ex parte australi et
extendunt in longitudine a dicto vico de Newgate ex parte ocd-
dentali usque ad gardina dictorum Petri Legh^ Willielmi Botiller^
et Laurentii Longetre ex parte orientali. Quae omnia prsedicta
messuagia et burgagia in tenura dicti Banulphi Bixton reddunt
dicto Petro Legh per annum de capitali redditu quinque solidos et
duos denarios.
Item dictus Ranulphus Bixton tenet de dicto Petro in capite per
dictum servitium dimidium unius burgagii vacui jacentis in vico de
* Magnum hoBpitiam in this plaee, I apprehend, can onlj mean the great inn of
which Joan the widow of Hamon Nayler was the keeper*
CHIEF BENTS IN WERYNGTON. 73
Alice Turton now inhabit^ lying in breadth between a great bos-
teby of William Botiller formerly in the tenure of William Aro-
smytbe but now in the tenure of Johanna^ late the wife of Hamund
Nayler^ on the souths and another burgage or messuage of the said
William Botiller in the tenure of William Sporis on the norths and
extending in length from Newgate street aforesaid on the east as far
as another parcel of land of the said William Botiller in the tenure
of the said William Sporis on the west.
Also the said Randle holds of the aforesaid Peter in capite by
the said service^ five small burgages lying together snd situate
under one roof in Newgate street aforesaid^ up and down the walls
of the Austin friars of the town of Weryngton aforesaid, lying in
breadth between the said Newgate street on the east and the walls
of the said friars on the west, and extending in length from a mes-
suage of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of Johanna [late the
wife] of John Doghton on the north, and a messuage of William
Botiller in the tenure of Robert Webster on the south.
Also the said Bandle holds in capite by military service of the
said Peter Legh, three bui^ages or messui^es lying together,
situate in the aforesaid street of Newgate in the said town, to wit;
on the east of the said street and opposite the aforesaid five small
burgages, lying in breadth between a messuage and land of Law-
rence Longetre in the tenure of Simon Mason on the north and a
messuage of William Botiller in the tenure of John Lawe on the
south, and extending in length from the said street of Newgate on
the west as far as the gardens of the said Peter Legh, William
Botiller, and Lawrence Longetre on the east ; all which aforesaid
messuages and burgages in the tenure of the said Bandle Bixton
render to the said Peter Legh yearly for chief rent five shillings
and two-pence.
Also the said Biuidle Bixton holds of the said Peter in capite by
the said service the half of one empty burgage lying in Hethestrete
' These words, sotum and josam, are very rarely met with in the sense to be im-
plied here.
L
74 OE RBDOITIBtJS CAPITALIBU8 IN WERTNGTON.
Hethe strete Tilke pnedictie quondam hsereditatis Johannis Spycer
jaoens inter burgagiiun yacuum Johannis Wynyngton ex parte
australi et terrain ex parte boreali et extendit in longi-
tudine a dicta strata rocata Hethe strete ex parte occidental nsque
ad terrain ex parte orientali, quod yalet per annum
duodedm denarios.
§ Johannes Nobreis tenet de dicto Petro duo burgagia yacua in
capite per servitium militare jacentia in vico de Kyrkestrete villse
de Weryngton in latitudine inter messuagium cum orto Bicardi
Pasmethe in tenura Williehni Hille ex parte occidentali et messua-
gium pertinens Abbathis de Norton ex parte orientali et exten-
dunt in longitudine a prsedicta strata de Kyrkestrete ex parte
boreali usque ad pratum hseredis Rogeri Arosmythe vocatum
Doimehouse medo ex parte australi.
Item tenet alium burgagium vacuum in dicto vico de Kyrkestrete
et per dictum servitium militare jacens in latitudine inter unum
vacuum burgagium Nicholai Blundell in tenura Bicardi Massy ex
parte orientali et burgagium sive messuagium sedificatum Henrici
Byrom in tenura Johannis Pasmethe glover ex parte occidentali et
extendit in longitudine a prsedicta strata de Kyrkestrete ex parte
australi usque ad messuagium Abbatis de Whallay in tenura Bicardi
Massy ex parte boreali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro unum campum per dictum servitium
cum sepibus et fossis indusum in campo de Arpelay prsedicto in
quodam forlongo vocato Aldirswell continentem quinque acras
terrse arabilis jacentem in latitudine inter terram Johannis de
Weryngton ex parte orientali et campum communem^ vill» de
Weryngton ex parte occidentali et extendentem in longitudine a
prato vocato Frere medo ex parte boreali usque ad pratum commune
de Arpeley ex parte australi.
Item tenet alium campum de dicto Petro et per dictum servitium
in Arpeley prsedicto vocatum le Butturlache continentem quinque
1 It were to be wUhed on many Mcoonts that this oommon field wore still a
pOHeition of all the inhabitants of Warrington.
CHIEF RENTS IN WEBTNOTON. 75
in the aforesaid tofwn, fonnerlj the inheritance of John Spycer,
lying between an empty burgage of John Wynyngton on the south
and land on the norths and extending in length firom
the said street called Hethe street on the west as &r as land
on the east^ which is worth twelve pence yearly.
John Norbeis holds of the said Peter two empty bui^ages in
capite by military service, lying iu Kyrkestrete of the town of
Weryington, in breadth between a lAessuage with a garden of
Richard Pasmethe in the tenure of WiUiam Hill on the west and a
messuage belonging to the abbey of Norton on the east, and ex-
tending in length from the Kyrkestrete aforesaid on the north as
£ar as a meadow of Soger Arosmythe's heir, called Downehouse
medo on the south.
Also he holds another empty bui^age in the said Kyrkestrete
by the said military service, lying in breadth between one empty
burgage of Nicholas Blundell in the tenure of Richard Massy on
the east and the burgage or [lately] erected messuage of Henry
Byrom in the tenure of John Pasmethe, glover, on the west, and
extending in length from the aforesaid Kyrkestrete on the south as
fiir as a messuage of the Abbot of Whalley in the tenure of Bichard
Massy on the north.
Also he holds of the said Peter by the said service one field in-
closed with hedges and ditches in Arpeley field aforesaid, in a cer-
tain furlong called Aldirswell, containing five acres of arable land
lying in breadth between land of John de Wynyngton on the east
and a common field of the town of Weryington on the west, and
extending in length firom a meadow called Frere medo on the
north as far as the Arpeley common meadow on the south.
Also he holds another field of the said Peter by the said service
in Arpeley aforesaid, called le Butturlache, containing five acres of
76 DE SEDDITIBUS CAPITALIBUS IN WEBTNOTON.
acras terrae arabilis extendentem in longitadine a qnadam venella
Yocata le Slytcherslane ex parte orientali usqne ad campum Wil-
lielmi Botiller voeatom Gillefylde ex parte occidentali et jacentem
in latitndine inter aquam de Mersee ex parte aostrali et quendam
campum Willielmi Botiller in tennra Bicardi Wynyngton vocatum
Perynsfylde ex parte boreali.
Item tenet alium campum de dicto Petro et per prsedictnm ser-
vitium jacentem in Arpeley prssdicto scilicet yocatom Butturlache
continentem duas acras terrse arabilis jacentem in latitudine inter
praedictam aquam de Mersee ex parte australi et campum dicti
Willielmi Botiller in tenura Bicardi Wynyngton ex parte boreali
et extendit in longitudine a dicta venella yocata Slytcherslane ex
parte orientali usque ad campum Willielmi Botiller in tenura
nuper Johannis Wynyngton ex parte occidentali quae buigagia
cum omnibus terris prssdictis reddunt dicto Petro Legh de capitali
redditu per annum videlicet decem solidos tres denarios.
Unum messuagium sive burgagium cum domo supersedificatA
et uno orto de haereditate Cidliae Chile tenetur de dicto Petro L^h
in capite per servitium militare jacentia in vico de Kyrkestrete
villae praedictse in latitudine inter unum lectum terrae Nicholai
Blundell in tenura Bogeri Clerk junioris ex parte occidentali et
alium lectum Banulphi Bixton ex parte orientali et extendentia in
longitudine a strata de Kyrkestreet praedicta ex parte boreali usque
ad orreum rectoriae de Weryngton ex parte australi.
Item una acra terrae in HoUay haereditatis dictae Cedlise tenetur
de dicto Petro per pnedictum servitium jacens in latitudine inter
terram dicti Petri Legb in tenura Willielmi Holme ex parte occi-
dentali et terram Johannis Birom in tenura Johannis Pasmethe
glover ex parte orientali et quadam bilanda terrae dividit praedictam
acram dictae Ceciliae et dictam terram dicti Johannis Birom et
extendens in longitudine a quadam venella ducente. a praedicto
vico de Kyrkestrete ex parte boreali usque ad terram dicti Johannis
Birom in tenura dicti Johannis Pasmethe ex parte australi.
Item unum orreum cum tribus acris terrae cum sepibus inclusis
in uno crofto de haereditate dictae Ceciliae Gille in tenura Marga-
CHIEF BENTS IN WSRYNGTON. 77
arable land, extending in length from a certain lane called le
Slytcherslane on *the east as far as the field of William Botiller
called Gyllefylde on the west, and lying in breadth between Mersee
water on the south and a certain field of William Botiller in the
tenure of Richard Wynyngton called Perynsfylde on the north.
Also he holds another field of the said Peter and by the afore-
said service, lying in Arpeley aforesaid, to wit, called Butturlache,
containing two acres of arable land lying in breadth between the
aforesaid water of Mersee on the south and a field of the said
William BotiUer in the tenure of Eichard Wynyngton on the north,
and extending in length from the said lane called Slytcherslane on
the east as far as a field of William Botiller late in the tenure of
John Wynyngton on the west; which burgages, with all the lands
aforesaid, render to the said Peter Legh yearly for chief rent, to
wit, ten shillings and threepence.
One messuage or a burgage with a house built thereon, and one
garden of the inheritance of Cecilia GiUe is holden of the said
Peter Legh in capite by military service, lying in the Kyrkestrete
of the aforesaid town in breadth between one bed of land of Nicho-
las Blundell in the tenure of Roger Clerk the younger on the west
and another bed of Bandle Eixton on the east, and extending in
length from Kyrkestrete aforesaid on the north as far as a bam of
the rectory of Weryngton on the south.
Also one acre of land in Hollay, the inheritance of the said Ce-
cilia, is holden of the said Peter by the aforesaid service, lying in
breadth between land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of Wil-
liam Holme on the west and land of John Birom in the tenure of
John Pasmethe, glover, on the east, (and a certain biland divides
the aforesaid acre of the said Cecilia and the said land of the said
John Birom,) and extending in length from a certain lane which
leads from Kyrkestrete aforesaid on the north as far as the land of
the said John Birom in the tenure of the said John Pasmethe on
the south.
Also one bam with three acres of land inclosed with hedges and
ditches in one croft, the inheritance of the said Cecilia Grille, in the
78 DE BEDDITIBU8 CAFITALIBUS IN WBBTNOTON.
retffi uuper uxoris Laurentij Balfinmte tenetiu% scilicet^ ut sappo-
nitur de dicto Petro per dictum servitiiun jaoentia ad finem villas
de Weryngton versus Wynwluk jaoentia in latitudine inter viam
duoentem a Weryngton usque Wynwhik ex parte occidentali et
campum Nicliolai Blundell continentem sex acras tenrse in tenura
Nicholai Kyngeley ex parte orientali et extendentia in longitudine
a bruera de Weryngton versus molendinum ventriticum ex parte
boreali usque ad terram Williekni Botiller in tenura Willielmi
Chaloner ex parte australi. Quae onmia prsedicta reddunt dicto
Petro de capitali redditu per annum sex denarios.
WiLLiBLMUs Ob&abd dc lucc tcuct dc dicto Petro Legh in capite
per servitium militare quinque acras terre arabilis invicem jacentes
in campo de Arpeley vocatas Ince lande in latitudine inter tres acras
prati dicti Willielmi Gerard tentas de prsedicto Petro per dictu m ser-
vitium vocatas Ince medo ex parte orientali et terram Willielmi
Botiller in tenura Willielmi Kyngeley ex parte occidentali et exten-
dunt in longitudine a tribus acris terrse arabilis dicti Willielmi
Gerard ex parte australi usque ad quandam acram terrse ecdesiasticsB
in tenura Willielmi Fletcher et viam bigalem de Arpeley et plures
alias parcellas diversorum hominum ex parte boreali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro per dictum servitium tres acras terrse
arabilis in dicto campo de Arpeley jacentes in latitudine inter dic-
tum pratum prsedicti Willielmi Gerard ex parte orientali et duas
acras teme WiUielmi Botiller in tenura AUdae nuper uxoris Bogeri
Clerk senioris ex parte occidentali et extendunt in longitudine a
prsedictiB quinque acris terrsB dicti Willielmi Gerard ex parte boreali
usque ad fossam communem dicti campi de Arpeley ex parte aus-
trali.
Item dictus Willielmus Gerard tenet de dicto Petro per prsedic-
turn SCTvitium unam acram terrse in Arpeley praedicto jacentem in
latitudine inter quoddam croftum dicti Petri L^h continens tres
acras terrse in tenura Johannis Fullshagh ex parte orientali et pratum
de Arpeley ex parte occidentali et extendit in longitudine a duabus
acris dicti Willielmi Gerard in tenura Rogeri Clerk junioris^ et
CHIEF BENTS IN WEBYNOTON. 79
teniure of Margaret^ late the wife of Lawrence Balfrimte, is holden,
as it is supposed^ by the said serrice, lying at the end of the town
of Weryngton towards Wynwhik, lying in breadth between the
way leading from Weryngton as far as Wynwhik on the west, and
a field of Nicholas Blundell containing six acres of land in the te-
nure of Nicholas Kyngeley on the east^ and extending in length
from Weryngton heath towards the windmill on the north as far
as the land of William Botiller in the tennre of William Chaloner
on the south; all which aforesaid premises render yearly to the
said Peter for chief rent sixpence.
William Oebabd of Ince holds of the said Peter Legh in capite
by military service five acres of arable land lying together in Arpe-
ley field called Ince lande in breadth between three acres of
meadow of the said William Gerard held of the aforesaid Peter by
the said service called Ince medo on the east and land of William
Botiller in the tenure of William Kyngeley on the west, and ex-
tending in length from three acres of arable land of the said Wil-
liam Gerard on the south as far as a certain acre of church land in
the tenure of William Fletcher, and the Arpeley cartway, and va-
rious other parcels [of land] of divers other persons on the north.
Also he holds of the said Peter by the said service three acres of
arable land in the said Arpeley field lying in breadth between the
said meadow of the aforesaid William Gerard on the east and two
acres of land of the said William Botiller in the tennre of Alice,
late wife of Roger Clerk the elder on the west, and extending in
length from the aforesaid five acres of land of the said William
Grerard on the north as far as the common ditch of the said Arpe-
ley field on the south.
Also the said William Gerard holds of the said Peter by the
aforesaid service one acre of land in Arpeley aforesaid, lying in
breadth between a certain croft of the said Peter Legh containing
three acres of land in the tenure of John Fullshagh on the east
and Arpeley meadow on the west, and extending in length from
the two acres of the said William Gerard in the tenure of Roger
80 DE REDDITIBUS CAPITALIBUS IN WERYN6TON.
duse acne prsedictse sunt le Hadebutts dictse acne ex parte australi
usque ad pratum dicti Petri Legh continens septemdeeim acras
prati Yocati Arpeley medo ex parte boreali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro per dictum servitium tres acras prati
jacentes in prsedicto campo de Arpeley in latitudine inter pratum
Willielmi BotiUer ex parte orientali et dictas quinque acras teme
dicti Williehni Grcrard ex parte occidentali et extendunt in longi-
tudine a prato dicti Willielmi Botiller vocato Lungeshote ex parte
australi usque ad acram terrse arabilis dicti Petri in tenura Eicardi
Hardewar ex parte boreali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro in capite duas acras terrse in Arpeley
prsedicto jacentes inter dictum pratum dicti Petri Legh ex parte
boreali et terram Willielmi Botiller ut supponitur ex parte australi
et extendunt in longitudine a communi fossa de Arpeley ex parte
occidentali usque ad praedictnm croftum dicti Petri in tenura
Jobannis Fulsbagh ex parte orientali.
Item tenet unam acram teme de dicto Petro et per dictum ser-
yitium in Arpeley prsedicto^ jacentem in latitudine inter terram
bseredis Bogeri Arosmytbe in tenura Jobannis Hille ex parte
orientali et terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura Jobannis Hakynsall
ex parte occidentali et extendit in longitudine a quadam acra terras
Bacardi Bruche in tenura Willielmi Holbroke ex parte australi
usque ad terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura Jobannis Fulsbagbe ex
parte boreali.
Item tenet unam rodam prati jacentem in latitudine juxta pra-
tum dicti Petri ex parte boreali et dictam acram terrse arabilis dicti
Willielmi Gerard ex parte australi et extendit in longitudine a dicto
crofto prsedicti Petri in tenura Jobannis Fulsbagbe ex parte orien-
tali usque ad dictum pratum dicti Petri Legh continens septem-
deeim acras ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro per dictum servitium unum burgagium
vacuum jacens in le Hetbestrete villas de Weryngton continens
unam rodam terrse in latitudine inter campum Jobannis Wynyng-
gton ex parte boreali et croftum dicti pJiri in tenura wSi
Kyngeley ex parte australi et extendit in longitudine a dicta
CHIEF RENTS IN WEEYNOTON. 81
Clerk the younger, and the same two acres are the hadebutts of the
said acre on the south as fieur as the said Peter LegVs meadow, con-
taining seventeen acres, and called the Arpeley medo, on the north.
Also he holds of the said Peter by the said service three acres of
meadow lying in Arpeley field aforesaid, in breadth between a
meadow of William Botiller on the east and the said five acres of
land of the said William Gerard on the west, and extending in
length firom a meadow of the said William Botiller called Lnnge-
shote on the sonth as far as an acre of arable land of the said Peter
»
in the tenure of Richard Hardewar on the north.
Also he holds of the said Peter in ciq)ite two acres of land in
Arpeley aforesaid, lying between the said meadow of the said Peter
Legh on the north and land supposed to be William Botiller's on
the sonth, and extending in length from the common ditch in
Arpeley on the west as far as the aforesaid croffc of the said Peter
in the tennre of John Fullshagh on the east.
Also he holds one acre of land of the said Peter, and by the said
service, in Arpeley aforesaid, lying m breadth between land of
Boger Arosmythe^s heir in the tenure of John Hille on the east
and the land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of John
Hakynsall on the west, and extending in length from a certain acre
of land of Richard Bruche in the tenure of Richard Holbroke on
the sonth as far as the land of the said Peter Legh in the tenure of
John Fulshaghe on the north.
Also he holds one rood of meadow lying in breadth beside a
meadow of the said Peter on the north and the said acre of arable
land of the said William Oerard on the sonth, and extending in
length from the said crofi; of the aforesaid Peter in the tenure of
John Fulshaghe on the east as far as the said seventeen acre mea-
dow of the said Peter Legh on the west.
Also he holds of the said Peter by the said service one empty
burgage lyiog in le Hethestrete of the town of Weryngton, con-
taining one rood of land in breadth between a field of John
Wynyngton on the north and a crofk of the said Peter in the tenure
o[ William Kyngeiey on the south, and extending in length from
M
82 DE RBDDITIBUS CAPITALIBU8 IN WERYNOTON.
strata de Hethe strete prsedicta ex parte occidentali usque ad
terram Willielmi Botiller in tenura Henrid Munke ex parte orien-
tali. Quae omnia prsedicta reddunt dicto Petro Legh per annum
de capitali redditu quatuor solidos et deoem denarios, ut patet in
antiquo rotulo Gilberti Haydok facto anno B. r. Bicardi secundi
xi. solidos.
BiCARDUS Fasmethe uuper de Weryngton et hseredes sui tenent
de dicto Petro Legh milite in capite per servitium militare unum
messuagium cum orreo et orto in le Kyrkestrete villse pnedictse in
tenura Willielmi Hille jaoentia in latitudine dicti orti et in longi-
tudine dicti messuagii inter messuagium Willielmi Botiller in tenura
Elense Munke ex parte occidentali et bui^agium vacuum Johannis
Norreis in tenura dicti Willielmi Hille ex parte orientali et exten-
dunt in latitudine dicti messuagii et longitudine dicti orti a prsedicta
strata de Kyrkestrete ex parte boreali usque ad pratum Bogeri
Arosmythe et Thomse Hille vocatum le Downehouse medo ex parte
australi.
Item tenet unam acram terras arabilis in campo de HoUay^ ja-
centem in duabus parcellis quarum una pars jaoet in latitudine
inter dimidiam acram Banulphi Bixton ex parte fere occidentali et
aliam dimidiam acram in tenura uxoris Laurentii Bal-
frunte ex parte orientali et extendit in longitudine a quadam acra
terrse dicti Banulphi Bixton vocata le Heghe Hadeland usque ad
terram
Item tenet duos campos jacentes in fine boreali dicti strati vocati
le Heth strete continentes quinque acras terrse arabilis cum sepibus
et fossis indusos jacentes in latitudine inter brueram de Weryng-
ton ex parte boreali et campum Johannis Wyuyngton ex parte
australi et extendentes in longitudine a crofto dicti Petri in tenura
Johannis Hakynsall Tocato le Crymbull et alium campum dicti
Johaonis Wynyngton ex parte orientali usque ad dictam brueram
de Weryngton versus molendinum ventriticum et versus manerium
de Beawsee ex parte occidentali et unus Gilbertus de Sothewurthe
et haeredes sui habent quandam acram terra in dicto campo pro-
CHIEF BENTS IN WEBYNOTON. 83
the said street of Hethestrete aforesaid on the west as far as land
of WiUiam Botiller in the tenure of Henry Munke on the east.
All which aforesaid premises render yearly to the said Peter Legh
for chief rent four shillings and tenpence^ [or J as appears by an
ancient roll of Gilbert Haydock made in the year of Bichard
11.^ eleven shillings.
RiCHABD Pasmethe, latc of Weryngton^ and his heirs^ hold of
the said Peter Legh^ knight^ in capite by military service^ one
messuage with a bam and garden in le Kyrkestrete of the aforesaid
town in the tenure of William Hille^ lying in breadth of the said
giEurden and in length of the said messuage between a messuage of
William Botiller in the tenure of Ellen Munke on the west and an
empty burgage of JohnNorreis in the tenure of the said William Hille
upon the east, and extending in breadth of the said messuage and
in length of the said garden firom Kyrkestrete aforesaid on the
north as far as a meadow of Boger Arosmythe and Thomas Hille
called le Downehouse medo on the south.
Also he holds one acre of arable land in Hollay fields lying in
two parcels^ whereof one part lies in breadth between a half acre of
Bandle Bixton towards the west and another half acre
in the tenure of Laurence Balfirunte^s wife towards the east, and
extending in length from a certain acre of land of the said Bandle
Bixton called le Heghe Hadeland as far as the land
Also he holds two fields lying at the north end of the said street
called le Heth strete containing five acres of arable land inclosed
with hedges and ditches, lying in breadth between Weryngton
heath on the north and a field of John Wynyngton on the south,
and extending in length firom the croft of the said Peter in the
tenure of John Hakynsall, called le Crymbull, and another field of
the said John Wynyngton on the east, as far as the said heath
towards the windmill, and towards the manor of Beawsee on the
west; and one Gilbert de Sothewurthe and his heirs have a certain
84 DB BEDDITIBUB CAFITALIBIJ8 IN WIBYNOTON.
pinqtiiorem bniene de Weryngton versos Overforthe^ quod messua-
giom cum terns preedictis dicti Bicardi Pasmethe et liSBredis soi
reddunt dicto Petro per anniuD de capital! reddita tres solidos et
septem denarios.
NicHOLAus Blundell^ tenet de dicto Petro "Legh. milite in capite
per servitiiun militare duo messuagia invicem jacentia quomm
quidem unnm nuper sBdificatom cum camera et solarus modo in
tenura fiogeri Clerk jmiioris et alteram in tennra Henrici Hawro-
byn^ jacentia in Newgate tUIsb de Weryngton prsedicta in latitudine
inter yacuum bnrgagium ThomsB Dawne de Crawton ex parte
boreali et messnagiom Johannis Sonky modo in tennra Johannis
Bicherop ex parte australi et extendunt in longitudine a prsedicto
Tico de Newgate ex parte occidentali usque ad terram Henrici
Birom videlicet introitum usque ad domum nuper in tenura
Johannis Hardewar et terram Willielmi Botiller in tenura Thonue
Derneluff ex parte orientali.
Item dictus Nicbolaus tenet de dicto Petro per dictum servitium
alium messuagium jacens super orientale latus brueres de Weryng-
ton juxta molendinum ventriticum cum uno campo continente sex
acras teme in tenura Nicholai Kyngelcy jacente in latitudine inter
unum croftum vocatum Gille lande in tenura nxoris Laurentii Bal-
frunte ex parte occidentali et brueram de Weryngton ex parte
orientali et extendit in longitudine a crofto Henrici Garnet ex
parte australi usque ad dictam brueram de Weryngton ex parte
boreali^ quse prsedicta reddunt dicto Petro de capitali redditu per
annum duodedm denarios.
Unum burgagium ruinosum nuper haereditatis Gilberti Sotbe-
^ Two entries in the calendar of Inq. p. m. in the duchy of Lancaster show that
the Blondells retained their property in Warrington at a huter period :
p. 19 _ « 8 Hen. 8. Hen. Blundell.
Bolde.
Weryngton and other places." Euerden MSS. 66, adds that the
Warrington kinds were held under Thomas Butler.
CHIEF &ENT8 IN WBEYNOTON. 85
acre of land in the said field nearer to the Weryngton heath towards
Overforthe ; which messnage with the lands aforesaid of the said
Richard Pasmethe and his heirs render to the said Peter yearly for
chief rent three shillings and seven pence.
Nicholas Blunbsll holds of the said Peter Legh, knight^ in
capite by military service two messuages lying together, one whereof
[being] lately erected with a chamber and soUars, is now in the
tenure of Boger Clerk the younger, and the other is in the tenure
of Henry Hawrobyn, lying in Newgate [street] of the aforesaid
town of Weryngton, in breadth between an empty burgage of
Thomas Dawne de Crawton on the north and a messuage of John
Sonky now in the tenure of John Bicherop on the south, and
extending in length from the aforesaid street of Newgate on the
west as far as the land of Henry Birom, to wit, an entry [lead-
ing] as fisff as a house lately in the tenure of John Hardewar and
the land of William Botiller in the tenure of Thomas Demeluff
on the east.
Also the said Nicholas holds of the said Peter by the said service
another messuage lying upon the east side of Weryngton heath
beside the windmill, with one field containing six acres of land in
the tenure of Nicholas Kyngeley, lying in breadth between a croft
called Gille land in the tenure of Laurence Bulfrunte's wife on the
west and Weryngton heath on the east, and extending in length
firom a croft of Henry Gurnet on the south as far as the said
Weryngton heath on the north; which aforesaid [premises] render
yearly to the said Peter for chief rent sixteen pence.
One ruinous burgage late the inheritance of Gilbert Sothewurthe
p. 27 — ** 20 H. 8. Jacobus BlondeU.
Lyrerpole.
Wyddenig.
Weryngton and other places.^
86 DB BBDDITIBU8 CAPITALIBU8 IN WBBYNGTON.
wurthe tenetur de dicto Petio Legh in capite per semtrain militare
quod qtddem bm^agium jaoet et sitoatur in vioo de Newgate pne-
dictse villse de Weryngton videlioet super ripam maris de Mersee
ex ocddentali parte dicti vid videlicet ad finem borealem ubi pons^
* It nmy not be improper to mqnire here at what period the firrt bridge wai
ereeted over the MerBey at Warrixigton. An opinion prevailed which was implicitly
received until the publication of the History of Chsthirs, that to the Earl of Derby,
who in 1495 was honoured with a visit by his royal father-in-law, King Heniy VII^
and to his wish to &eilitate the royal progress, we are indebted for the first bridge
at Warrington. During the Roman period, when the passage over the Mersey at
this place was the entrance to a new province, and was consequently held in much
estimation, a ford was the only means of communication. The ford, as there is
every reason to believe, was at some distance from the present bridge, and was made
to enter Latchfbrd near to a place now called the Wash. The works for making
the river navigable, and an extensive desertion by the river of its ancient bed, in
consequence of a violent flood which occurred nearly a century ago, have now nearly
obliterated eveiy trace of the former site of the ford.
The writer of the story of the Bewsey tragedy, in the Bodleian collection, makes
the dispute which originated it arise out of Bir John Butler^s claim to take toll for
passing over the Mersey. ^ King Henry the YII." (says the story) ''being come
to Latham, the erle Sir John's brother in law sent unto him a message to desire
him to wear his cloth at that time ; but in his absence his lady scom'd that her
husband should wayte on her brother, being as well able to entertaine the king as he
was, which answer he tooke in great disdeigne and prosecuted the said Sir John
with all malice that could be, and amongst other things the said Sir John had a ferry
at Warrington which was worth c. marcs by the year unto him, there being no
bridge : and the erle coming to go to London, the said Sir John would not suffer
him to pass, but forced him about by Manchester, whereupon the erle bought a
piece of land of one Norris of Warrington, by which means he was privileged to
on the other side, and so builded a bridge at Warrington, on both sides
being his own land ; and the said Sir John Butler after the bridge was builded did
notwithstanding exact and take toll and tax of all passengers as before, whereon
the erle caused the king to make it free. On that and such like discontents th^
tooke arms against one another.'*
In the Introduction to this work we have given Seacome's version of the cause of
the building of the bridge. At the general quarter sessions of the peace for the
county of Chester, held at Nantwich on the 13th July 1624, the grand jury pre-
sented the Cheshire half of Warrington bridge, and found that Edward, son of
Thomas earl of Derby, did, at his own charge, repair the same, and Henry, the son
of Edward, did likewise ; and they thought that William, the then earl, ought to
repair the same ; but they desired the adrice of his majesty's juBtiees at Chester,
whereupon, after motion at the assizes, reciting that the repairs of the said bridge
CHIBF RSNTS IN WEEYNOTON. 87
is held of the said Peter Legh in capite by military service^ which
burgage lies and is situate in Newgate street of the aforesaid town
of Weryngton^ to wit^ upon the north shore of the sea of Mersee^
and on the west side of the said street where the bridge of Weryng-
wonld be omIoss tmlesB there was a caofieway with archea from Wilderspool bridge,
and that Sir Thomas Ireland, knight, and Thomas Marbury, esquire, were eontent
to give so much land as was necessary for that good use for erer, the court said
the hundred of Bucklow should erer afterwards repair the same works ; noTerthe-
less, it is belioTed that this half has always been repaired by the oounty of Chester.
In the Kuerden papers, (ii. 607,) we find some further particulars. On the 26th
Aug. 1666, the account states, it was stated before the court at Lancaster that a
deed, made thirty>fiye years before, by some of the earls of Derby, was in the cus-
tody of Sir Thomas Ireland, knight, at Bewsey, whereby lands called Norres's
tenement were committed to certain persons for the repair of Warrington bridge,
and that Thomas Ireland, son of the said Sir Thomas Ireland, had sold, amongst
other things, the said lands unto Mr. Robert Neild, deceased, for £30 ; whereupon
it was ordered that the owners should pay £13 per annum to the surreyors of the
highways yearly for ever towards the repair of the said bridge. And we learn from
Ormerod, (i. 447,) that the Earl of Derby, by his will, dated 28th July 1604^ be-
queathed three hundred marks ** to the purchase of the rent and toll of Weiyngton
bridge, to the intent that the passage shall be free for all people for eyer, and also
for the making up of the said bridge ccccc mares, that no toll or farm there be
asked." Upon these and similar statements the public opinion was founded, that
the first Earl of Derby was the founder of the first bridge at Warrington.
From the Hittory of Ch^ihire, however, (i. 446,) we learn that, by a charter of
Handle BlundcTille, earl of Chester, the passage of the river Mersey, from Thelwall
down to Runcorn, was granted about the reign of Richard I. to Hugh Boydell of
Doddleston, lord of the manor of Latchford ; and at this time a ferry boat probably
supplanted the ancient ford across the Mersey from Warrington to Latchford.
In the 40th Edward IIL, as we learn from the same authority, the renowned
Black Prince appointed certain commissioners to arrest all persons who made
passage aeross the Mersey by boats between Runcorn and Crosse Ferry, (whioh
latter place was probably the Fiddlers' Ferry, about half way between Runcorn
and Warrington,) and to commit them to the castle of Chester. The commission
here given had no doubt relation to some infringement of the privileges before
granted to the Boydells ; and its being limited to the river intermediate between
Runcorn and Cross Ferry, a place short of Warrington, affords an inference that
there already existed at the latter place some more steady passage over the river
than that afforded by a boat. And this we shall soon see was actually the case.
By an inquisition on the death of William Boydell of Doddleston, in the 23rd
Edward III., {ibid. J he was found to have held in Latchford ** quoddam passagium
cnm piscaria quod val. per an. ziii* iiii*' ;" and by another inquisition on the
88 DB BEODITIBU8 CAPITALIBU8 IN WBBYNOTON.
de Weryngton quondam stetit jaoens in latitudine inter mnioB
fratrum Augustinenaiam dicte vilka ex parte ooddentali et vicom
death of TlioinM BoydeU, 20 Richard 11^ it i» found that the deceased held
''Lacheford com paasagio pontia de Weryngton" from the Earl of Chester in
capite.
In the plea to a quo warranto, temp. Henry YIL, (Ormerod, iii. 444,) Heniy
Byrom and Constanee hii wilb, and Jamee Holte and laahella hia wife, (the le-
presentativea of the Boydell priTileges,) claim for themselTee and their hein, in
right of the said Constance and Isahella, to have chiminnm de Lacheforde A, heys
de Lacheforde nsque ad aqnam joxta Weryngton, and claim also ** passagium nltim
aquam de Mersey Roncom et Thelwall ;" and, in right of this passage, claim for
every man and his horse passing the said water from Rnneom np to Thelwall a
fitfthing, and for CTcry laden horse a fivthing, for eyery laden wain or cart drawn
hy two horses 4d., for twenty heasts of burden 4d., for one hondred heifers or sheep
4d., and for twenty unbroken horses or mares 4d., and for a smaller number accord-
ing to the same rate. It is clear from the inquisition on the death of Thomas
Boydell, that the credit of the first bridge can no longer be ascribed to the fit«t Eari
of Derby, and it is equally clear from the passage in the text, that the first bridge
had follen into decay before the date of the manuscript. When and by whom the
first bridge was built, and when and how it f eU into decay, remain for our future
enquiry. It is clear, I think, that the Earl of Derby's structure was entirely new.
In the Kuerden M8S. we have the following passage : — John le Webster de Wer-
yngton relaxarit Roberto de Sothewurthe 2 mess, et 2 gardin. in Weryngton in le
Norris street, ad terminum rite ejusdem. It may be observed, that this deed very
probably relates to premises nearly adjoining to those mentioned in the text, and
that the name of Norris occurring in it may very possibly be derived from the
Norris property in the same neighbourhood, and which the Earl of Derby 8ubse>
quently acquired when he built the new bridge.
Amongst the deeds in Lord 'Lilford's possession are two which throw additional
light on this subject. By the first of these, dated 33 Edward I., WiUielmns le
Botiller dominus de Weryngton grants to Jordan Fitz-Robert de Sonke a plat of
land near the bridge of Merse of the one part, and the Silche which folk into the
water of Mersey ; and by the other, dated in the same reign, but of which the year
is uncertain, the same Willielmus le Botiller grants to William de Hereford nnam
placeam terne jaeentem inter Domum Laurentii Pistoris et pontem de Merse in
Weryngton et unam acram terro jaceniem in Alderswell propinquiorem fossato
fratrum Saneti Augustini de Weryngton. The site of the ancient ferry was un*
suitable for the erection of a bridge, for the ground was low and peculiariy liable to
floods, while the soil was soft and marshy, and did not on either side admit of a
solid foundation for the piers. In choosing the site of a bridge it was necessary,
therefore, to move lower down the river towards the situation where the present
bridge stands, and from the deeds which have been just mentioned it may be safely,
I think, inferred that the first twidge stood very nearly on the site of the present
CHIEF RENTS IN WERYNOTON. 89
ton formerly stood, lying in breadth between the walls of the
Austin Mars of the said town on the west and the aforesaid street
one. The passage in the text and the mention of the Silche in one of the deeds, the
latter heing the drain or syke which rons into the river a few yards to the east
of the present bridge, combine to render this probable. As soon as the bridge
was bailt, which is at a distance of not more than half a mile from the parish
church, where the town had hitherto terminated, baildings and population soon
began to be attracted towards the spot where the new communication was opened,
and the street of Newgate, the modem Bridge street, was gradually formed. The
priory would soon follow. For reasons before alluded to, I am inclined to think it
did not lead the stream. It is true that the 33 Edward I., when the bridge is first
mentioned, precedes the first express mention of the priory by many years ; but
not long after the battle of Evesham, in 1265, we find Richard the hermit, of War-
rington, (almost certainly an Austin friar,) making a pilgrimage to the tomb of St.
Simon the righteous, {»m Introduction,) and both the bridge and the prioiy were
probably then standing.
The conjecture of Mr. Ormerod, (HUt. of Cksshirs, vol. i. p. 447,) that the date
of the erection of the bridge was intermediate between the two Boydell inquisi-
tions, must now be abandoned since the discovery of Lord Lilford's deeds, and we
shall still have to inquire at what earlier period than the 33d Edward I. the first
bridge was erected at Warrington.
For nearly a century after the Norman Conquest there was little territorial
connexion between the earldom of Chester and the lands between Ribble and
Mersey. But about the year 1163 the lands between Ribble and Mersey were
granted by King Stephen to Randle Qemons, earl of Chester. In those days,
however, a parchment did not always immediately give a settled possession, and
Stephen's authority would require to be confirmed, as it afterwards was by his
next successor on the throne. Randle Cremons surrived the confirmation of the
royal grant but a few years, and, dying in 1160, was succeeded by Hugh Kyveliock
as lord of the Cheshire palatinate. During his enjoyment of the earldom, which
continued until 1182, when he died, we find but little mention of the possessions
between Ribble and Mersey ; but in the vigorous hands of his immediate
successor, Randle BlundeviUe, the Lancashire possessions of the earldom seem
to have been made available to their owner. In order to draw closer the com-
munication between the two counties, the g^rant before referred to was made by him
to the Boydells, of the passage over the Mersey ; and I should date the erection of
the bridge soon after the period of that grant. We have no information as to what
were the materials of the first bridge, nor what was its form, and we are equally
ignorant whether it was destroyed by the land fioods, by the violence of man, or by
the slow hand of time. If we knew the cause of its destruction, we might with
some probability infer the nature of the fabric. Our ancestors, wiser in this
respect than their sons, were not apt to erect their public buildings of a flimsy
N
90 DE REDDITIBUS CAPITALIBUS IN WERYNOTON.
praedictum ex parte oiientali et extendit in longitudine a aqaa de
Mersee prsedicta ex parte aostrali asque ad quoddam yacuum bar-
gagium Petri Werburton armigeri ex parte boreali^ quod redderet
per annum dicto Petro de capitali redditu sex solidos et octo dena-
rios.
conrtmetion, uid we shill probably not be wrong in sappodng that their first
bridge at Warrington over our noble itream was a solid stracture of stone.
Ignorant as we are of the exact date of its erection, we are equally ignorant of
the date when the first bridge disappeared. It was standing, howeyer, in 20th
Richard II. (1397,) and in 14/35, the date of the manoscript, it was standing no
longer, for we read in the text, ** nbi pons stetit ;" but how long it had then dis-
appeared, we are not informed. We cannot, however, imagine that our forefathers
did not experience great inconyenience from the interruption of the usual oommu-
nication between the two counties for thirty years, for such at least must have been
the period which elapsed before the Earl of Derby's munificent renewal of the
bridge ; and we cannot but suspect that the long wars of York and Lancaster, and
the disturbances they occasioned, if not the actual cause of the destruction of the
first bridge, were the means which prerented its earlier restoration. There might
bo more safety in those troublous times for our hardy forefathers behind the natural
foss which the stream of the Mersey presented against their southern neighbours.
We hear nothing of the old bridge after the eve of the usurpation of King Henry
IV. ; and no sooner had the red and white roses been united under the rule of King
Henry YII. than we see the new bridge of the Earl of Derby spanning the stream
at Warrington.
There is a passage in Mr. Baines's Huiary of Lancashirs, vol. ii. p. 352, which
requires us to understand the word bridge in a sense different from the ordinary
meaning. In the year 1362, he says, liverpool was slowly rising into importance
and an order was issued by the king to the admiral on the station, as well as to the
sheriff of the county and the mayor and bailiffs of the borough, to rebuild (de novo
construere) a bridge over the Mersey within their lordship. The bridge here
meant must surely have been a large ferry boat I
Turning over the pages of the Fcedera for quite a different purpose, after the
foregoing note was written, 1 met with the following royal warrant of protection,
froia which we learn that there had been not only one, but two bridges at Warring-
ton before the Earl of Derby's structure ; for the expression in the warrant, ''de novo
construere," shows that the intended work Mras a re-erection of some former bridge.
It confirms also the conjecture I have offered as to the solidity of the old structure,
and by inference perhaps affords us some insight into the reasons why it was so
soon destroyed. Some danger was evidently even then apprehended from persons
who were jealous of the new work, and these persons might be the parties interested
in the tolls of the ancient ferry, who, it seems, took no part in promoting the new
work. Sir John le BotiUer, Creoffrey de Werburton, and Mathew de Rixton, were
CHIEF RENTS IN WEBTNOTON. 91
on the east, and extending in length from the water of Mersee
aforesaid on the south as far as a certain empty burgage of Peter
Werburton, esquire, on the north ; which should render to the said
Peter yearly for chief rent six shillings and eight pence.
the parties who, it seems, entitled themselves to the public gratitude by this public
service. The warrant, which bears date 6th July 38 Edward III., 1364, may be
found in Rymer's Fadsra, vol. iii. pp. 740, 741, and is as follows :
Bex universis et singulis vicecomitibus, majoribus, baUivis, ministris, et aliis
fidelibns suis, tarn infra libertates quam extra, ad quos, &c., salutem. Sciatis quod
cum dilecti et fideles nostri Johannes le Botiller, Galfridus de Werberton, et
Matheus de Rixton, quondam pontem ultra aquam de Mercy infra dominium suum,
caritatis intuitu, de novo construere, et ad tranquillitatem et quietem populi nostri
partium illarum ac aliunde, ibidem transfretare volentium, ao etiam pro cariagio
petrarum, calcium, et aliarum rerum pro constructione pontis illius, quondam batel-
lum, yocatum la Cristofre, ibidem ordinare proponant, ut accepimus, ao metuant
tarn sibi, carpentariis, cementariis, latomis, et aliis operariis quam batello pnedicto,
et marinariis in eo existentibns, per quosdam emulos sues et eorum procurationem,
dampnum vel periculum posse de facili evenire.
Nob, ad pnemissa considerationem habentes, ac opera caritatis nostris temporibus
manuteneri volentes, suscepimus ipsos Johanuem, Cralfridum, et Matheum, ac car-
pentarios, cementarios, latomos, et alios operarios, ac eorum homines et serrientes,
necnon batellum pnedictum et marinarios in eo existentes, tam petras, maeremium,
et alia neeessaria pro constructione pontis pnedicti, quam homines partium illarum,
et aliunde ultra aquam pnsdictam ibidem transfretari volentes, ducendo et educendo,
in protectionem et defensionem nostram specialem.
Et ideo Tobis mandamus quod eisdem Johanni, Cralfrido, et Matheo, carpentariis,
cementariis, latomis, et aliis operariis, seu eorum hominibus et serrientibus, aut
batello vel marinariis pnedictis, non inferatis seu quantum in yobis est, ab aliis
inferri permittatis, injnriam molestiam, dampnum, impedimentum aliquod, seu
grravamen.
Et si quid eis, vel eorum alicui, forisfihctnm vol iiguriatum fuerit,id eis sine dila-
tione faciatis emendari.
Ita semper quod dicti carpentarii, cementarii, latomi, operarii, seu marinarii, ab
operationibus vel obsequiis nostris, cum cos seu eorum aliquem pro eisdem capi vol
eligi pneceperimus pratextu pnssentis protectionis nostra, nullatenus se absentent,
set ad nostra obsequia promptos se reddant.
In cigus, &c. per unum annum duratur'. Teste Rege, apud Westm. ii. die Julii.
Per concilium.
92 DB KEDDITIBU8 CAPITALIBU8 IN WBKYNOTON.
W1LLIELMU8 BoTiLLEE armiger filius et hseres Johannis Botiller
militis dominiis de Beawsee tenet de dicto Petro Legh milite in
capite et per servitium militare ut patet per cartam originalem duo
nova borgagia sub nno tecto sedificata vocata terram Henrici
Lacheforthe perquisita^ de nno Bieardo Baton et de uxore ejusdem
ut de jure diets uxoris cum nno gardino vel crofto et pomoerio
eisdem messuagiis spectantibus et pertinentibus^ quae quidem mes-
suagia gardina et pomoeria jacent et situantur in yico de Sonkygate
dictse villffi in latitudine dicti pomoerii gardini sive crofti et in
longitudine dictorum burgagiorum inter messuagium dicti Petri in
tenura Rogeri Holbroke ex parte occidentali et novum messuagium
dicti WUlielmi Botiller et gardinum in tenura Henrici Sadler ex
parte orientali et extendunt in latitudine dictorum burgagiorum et
in longitudine dicti gardini sive crofti et pomoerii a vico de Sonky-
gate prsedicto ex parte boreali usque ad pomoerium fratrum Augus-
tinensium dictse villse de Weryngton ex parte austraU, quse reddunt
dicto Petro per annum de capitali redditu quinque solidos.
Henbicus BiBOM^ tenet de dicto Petro Legh in capite per servi-
tium militare unum novum bospitium in quo Johannes Hardwar
nuper mansit jacens in vico ducente a le Marketh yate de Weryng-
ton usque ad altam ecclesiam quondam vocatum le Morslande' cum
ooquino et stabulo cum aliis domibus necessariis quod quidem
messuagium cum pertinentiis jacet et situatur in longitudine inter
terram in lite pendentem inter bseredem Galfridi Werburton* de
Newcrofte et Thomam Danyell® de Tabley modo in tenura Henrici
Wodecok ex parte occidentali et terram Johannis Sonkey in tenura
* It ifl not said by what ancestor of William Botiller this purchase was made ;
probably it was by his father, Sir John, that the purchase from Richard Patnn and
his wife was acquired.
' In a note to page SS will be found a claim of the time of Heniy VII., by Henry
Byrom and Constance his wife. This Henry Byrom, according to Sir Peter Ley-
cester, was of the Byronu in Lancashire, and he was probably the Henry Byrom
mentioned in the text.
^ See this name noticed in the Introduction.
CHIEF RENTS IN WERYNGTON. 98
William Botillbb, esquire^ son and heir of John BotiUer,
knight^ lord of Beawsee, holds of the said Peter Legh, knight, in
capite and by military service, as appears by an original charter,
two new burgages erected under one roof and called the land of
Henry Lacheforthe, purchased from one Bichard Patun and his
wife, as of the right of the said wife, with one garden or croft and
appleyard to the same messuages belonging and appertaining;
which messuages, gardens and appleyards he and are situate in
Sonky gate street of the said town, in breadth of the said apple-
yard, garden or croft, and in length of the said burgages, betweei.
a messuage of the said Peter in the tenure of Roger Holbroke on
the west and a new messuage of the said William Botiller and a
garden in the tenure of Henry Sadler on the east and extending
in breadth of the said burgages and in length of the said garden or
croft and appleyard from Sonky gate street aforesaid on the north
as far as the appleyard of the Austin friars of the said town of
Weryngton on the south; which [premises] render to the said
Peter yearly for chief rent five shillings.
Henbt Birom holds of the said Peter Legh in capite by military
service one new hostel wherein John Haxdwar lately dwelt, lying in
a street leading from the Marketh yate of Weryngton as far as the
high church formerly called le Morslande, with the kitchen, stable,
and other necessary outbuildings ; which messuage, with its appur-
tenaaces, lies and is situate in length between land which is now
in litigation between the heir of Geoffrey Werburton of Newcroft
and Thomas Danyell of Tabley now in the tenure of Henry Wode-
cok on the west, and land of John Sonky in the tenure of John
^ This Geoffrey was probably the same person who, in the 40 Edward III., was
appomted a commissioner to arrest offenders passing the Mersey against the priTi-
leges granted to the fioydells, as mentioned in the note at page 86.
* These lands were probably a portion of the property which, according to Sir
Peter Leycester, the Daniels acquired in Warrington by the marriage of Thomas
Daniel, the fother of this Thomas, with Isabel, the daughter of John Rixton. (See
Ormerod's Cheahire, i. 366.)
94 DE REDDITIBUS CAPITALIBUS TN WERYNGTON.
Johannis Eoby ex parte orientali et in latitadine inter vicum pras-
dictum sic ducentem ut prsBscribitur ex parte boreali et terram
Ranulphi de Bixton ex parte australi^ quae reddunt dicto Petro de
capitali redditu per annum sex denarios.
Item dictus Henricus Birom tenet de dicto Petro in capite per
dictum servitium unum messuagium cum orto eidem adjacente in
vico de Kyrkestrete cum una acra terrse arabilis jacente in HoUay^
quod quidem messuagium cum orto jacent in longitudine dicti mes-
suagii et in latitudine dicti orti inter messuagium Willielmi Botiller
in tenura Henrici Munke ex parte occidentali et burgagium vacuum
Johannis Norreis ex parte orientali et extendunt in longitudine
dicti orti et in latitudine prsedicti messuagii a prsedicto strata de
Kyrkestrete ex parte australi usque ad quoddam gardinum abbatis
et conventus de Qwallay^ ex parte boreali^ quae quidem acra jacet
in duabus partibus in dicto campo de HoUay quarum una pars jacet
in latitudine inter terram Henrici Garnet ex parte australi et ter-
ram Marise nuper iixoris Hamonis le Assbeton ex parte boreali et
extendit in longitudine a terra Johannis Birom ex parte occidentali
usque ad aquam de Mersee ex parte orientali^ et altera pars prse-
dictse acrse jacet juxta prsedictam parcellam inter terram dicti Petri
Legh miUtis et terram Johannis Norres^ quae reddit dicto Petro
per annum de capitali redditu duodecim denarios.
HiEREs Bx>GERi Arosmythe uupcr de Weryngton tenet de dicto
Petro Legh in capite per servitium militare unum messuagium
principale cum solariis coquina orreo ustrina orto et pomoerio cum
triginta sex acris terrse arabilis et prati jacentibus in campo de
> This is either a part of the grant made hj W. Blundell fiU. Ric. Blandell dni de
Ince, and which William le Botiller confirmed to the abbey of Whallej, probably
alter 5 Edward I., when he first obtained a charter for a fair at Warrington, (see
Couch&r Book, p. 252 ;) or it is a part of the burgage granted by Hen. f. Rob. Rnyl,
(lb. p. 254,) respecting both which and other privileges see two important charters,
{lb. p. 414 et seq. and pp. 494--511.) Will. Butler's grant was confirmed by Edward
III. on the 1st Mar. in the second year of his reign*
It appears from Whittaker's WhaU$y, p. 79, that the abbey of Whalley received
from Warrington :
CHIEF RENTS IN WERYNOTON. 95
Roby on the east^ and in breadth between the aforesaid street &c.
leading as aforesaid on the north and land of Bandle de Rixton on
the south; which [premises] render yearly to the said Peter for
chief rent six pence.
Also the said Henry Birom holds of the said Peter in capite by
the said service one messuage with a garden thereto adjoining in
Kyrkestrete^ with one acre of arable land lying in Hollay^ which
messuage and garden lie in length of the said messuage and in
breadth of the said garden between a messuage of William Botiller
in the tenure of Henry Munke on the west and an empty burgage
of John Norreis on the east, and extending in length of the said
garden and in breadth of the aforesaid messuage from Kyrkestrete
aforesaid on the south as far as a certain garden of the abbot and
convent of Qwallay on the north; which same acre lies in two
parts in the said HoUay field, one whereof lies in breadth between
land of Henry Garnet on the south and land of Mary, late wife of
Hamon le Assheton, on the north, and extending in length from
land of John Birom on the west as far as Mersey water on the
east, and the other part of the aforesaid acre lies beside the afore-
said parcel between land of the said Peter Legh, knight, and land
of John Norres ; which [premises] render to the said Peter yearly
for chief rent twelve pence.
The HEIR of Roger Arosmythe late of Weryngton holds of the
said Peter Legh in capite by military service one capital messuage
with sollars, kitchen, bam, oven, garden, and appleyard, with
thirty-sis acres of arable and meadow land, lying in Arpeley field.
In 1478. In 1521.
De Weryngton, y** In temporalibus
De Weiyngton, viij"-
The abbey of Whalley seems to have derived not only some of its revenues, bat
also some of its officers from Warrington ; for in the history of that house (p. 139)
we find Bobert de Weryngton, as prior of the house, contraeting for the sale of its
wool. The same person, then only a monk, is their agent in procuring an acquit-
tance of the rent of lands in Swinton in 1335. Couchir Book, p. 935.
96 DE REDDITIBU8 CAPITALIBU8 IN WEETNOTON.
Arpeley^ quod qnidem messuagiom principale cam coquina et orreo
cum pertmentiifl jacent et situantur in prsedicto vico de Kyrkestrete
in latitudine dicti messuagii et longitudiue dicti orti et pomoerii
inter yicum de Kyrkestrete prsedicto ex parte anstrali et aliam
yenellam dictse vilke de Werjmgton vocatam Bag lane^ ex parte
boreali et extendunt in longitudine dicti messuagii et latitudine
dictorum orti et pomoerii a terra Willielmi Botiller in tenura
Johannis Tyrehare ex parte orientali usque ad terram ecclesiasticam
Tidelicet unum messuagium legatum per Katerinam Fyssher ad
partem sustentationis cujusdam presbyteri celebrantis ante crucem
ecclesiae altse de Weryngton ex parte occidentali.
Item dictus hseres dicti Rogeri Arosmythe tenet de dicto Petro
in capite per dictum servitium unum messuagium cum orto adja-
cente in dicto vico de Bag lane in latitudine dicti orti et longitudine
dicti messuagii inter ortum Nicholai Blundell ex parte occidentali
et alium gardinum Gilberti Risseley ex parte orientali et extendunt
in longitudine dicti orti et in latitudine dicti messuagii a venella de
Bag lane preedicta ex parte boreali usque ad pnescriptam terram
prsedicti hseredis ex parte australi.
Item tenet de dicto Petro per dictum servitium tres partes unius
prati vocati le Downehouse medo jacentes in boreali latere prsedicti
campi de HoUay cum sepibus inclusas jacentes inter campum
Henrid Garnet ex parte occidentali et campum Bicardi Bruche in
tenura B<^eri Jamesson ex parte orientali et extendunt in longi-
tudine a strata de Kyrkestrete videlicet pars australis dicti vid
ex parte boreali usque ad acram terrae predicti bseredis et acram
Thomse Hille et haiam de terra ecdesiastica in tenura Henrid
Garnet in campo vocato HoUay ex parte australi.
Item tenet de dicto Petro unam acram terrse arabUis in uno
parvo campo jacentem in Hollay in latitudine inter dictum campum
de terra ecdesiastica ex parte orientali et acram terrse Thomse
^ A deed of partition in Lord Lilford's possession, which is dated 31 Henry VIII.,
makes mention of the hall of Bag-lane, as well as of seTeral other places, which we
meet with in this MS. We read in it of *anum measaagiam jnzta aolam de
CHIEF RENTS IN WBRYNOTON. 97
which capital messuage^ kitchen^ bam^ and appurtenances lie and
are situate in Kyrkestrete aforesaid in breadth of the said messuage
and in length of the said garden {md appleyard between Kyrke-
strete aforesaid on the south and another lane of the said town of
Weryngton called Bag lane on the norths and extending in length
of the said messuage and in breadth of the said garden and apple-
yard firom land of William Botiller in the tenure of John Tyrehare
on the east as far as the church land^ to wit, a messuage bequeathed
by Catherine Fyssher in part for the sustentation of a certain priest
celebrating before the cross of the high church of Weryngton on
the west.
Also the said heir of the said Roger Arosmythe holds of the
said Peter in capite by the said service one messuage with a garden
adjoining in the said street [called] Bag lane in breadth of the
said garden and in length of the said messuage between a garden
of Nicholas Blundell on the west and another garden of Gilbert
Bysseley on the east, and extending in length of the said garden
and in breadth of the said messuage from the lane [called] Bag
lane aforesaid on the north as far as the land before described of
the aforesaid heir on the south.
Also he holds of the said Peter by the said service three parts of
a meadow called le Downehouse medo lying on the north side of
the aforesaid HoUay field and enclosed with hedges, lying between
a field of Henry Oamet on the west and a field of Richard Bruche
in the tenure of Boger Jamesson on the east, and extending in
length from Kyrkestrete, (to wit, the south side of the said street,)
on the north as far as an acre of land of the aforesaid heir and an
acre of Thomas Hille and an enclosure of church land in the tenure
of Henry Garnet in the field called HoUay on the south.
Also he holds of the said Peter one acre of arable land within a
small field lying in Hollay in breadth between the said field of
church land on the east and an enclosed acre of land of Thomas
Bag-lane." ^ Una acra terne jaeens in loco vocaio Aldenwell, et una acra jacens in
looo vDcato Arpley jnxta le L^h Thcwne."
98 DE BBDDITIBU8 CAFITALIBUd IN WBBYNGTON.
HiUe clansata in dicto campo ecclesise ex parte occidentali et ex-
tendit in longitndine a fossa in HoUay yocata oommnni fossa ex
parte aostrali nsqne ad prsedictom pratum vocatomDowneliouse
medo ex parte boreali.
Item tenet aliam acram in dicto loco yocatam Pyketakyr jacen-
tern in latitudine inter dictam oommunem fossam ex parte boreali
et commnnem campnm de Hollay ex parte australi^ et extendit in
longitndine a terra Willielmi Botiller in tenura Bj&didphi Kellur-
margh ex parte orientali et dictum oommunem campum de Hollay
ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet dimidiam acram per dictum servitium jaoentem in
dicto campo de Hollay juxta quendam locum vocatum Hdlehole in
tenura Oalfiridi Twysse extendentem in fine orientali super litus
aquse de Mersee.
Item tenet quatuor acras terne arabilis in campo de Arpeley
invicem jacentes in campo cum sepibus et fossis inclusas vocatas le
Longebey^ et duae acrse in dicto longo campo ex parte orientali
sunt bsereditatiB Ranulphi Bixton^ qui quidem campus jaoet in
latitudine inter terram Marine nuper uxoris Hamonis de Assheton
ex parte orientali et viam communem de Arpeley, et aliam parcel-
lam terrse vocatam Weteakyrs ex parte occidentali et extendunt in
longitudine a campo Willielmi Botiller in tenura Jobannse uxoris
Hamonis Nayler ex parte australi usque ad campum Tbomae Hille
in tenura Bicardi Hardewar ex parte boreali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro per dictum servitium duas acras teme
invicem jacentes in dicto campo de Arpeley jacentes in latitudine
inter campum vocatum le Brucbe bey ex parte orientali et acram
Willielmi Gerard de Ince in tenura Jobannis Belle ex parte occi-
dentali et extendunt in longitudine a acra terrae Ranulpbi Bixton
ex parte australi usque ad parcellam terrse dicti Petri Legb in
tenura Jobannis Fulsbagb ex parte boreali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro per dictum servitium dimidiam acram
prati jacentem in Arpeley prsedicto in latitudine inter duas acras
terrse Willielmi Botiller in tenura uxoris Hamonis Nayler ex parte
boreali et terram Ranulpbi Bixton ex parte australi et extendit in
CHIEF RENTS IN WERYNOTON. 99
Hille in the said church field on the west and extending in length
firom a ditch in Hollay called the common ditch on the south as
for as the aforesaid meadow called Downehouse medo on the
north.
Also he holds another acre in the said place, called Pjrketakyr,
lying in breadth between the said common ditch on the north and
the common field of Hollay on the south, and extending in length
from land of William Botiller in the tenure of Ralph Kellurmargh
on the east and the said common field of Hollay on the west.
Also he holds half an acre by the said service lying in the said
field of HoUay beside a certain place called Hellehole in the tenure
of Geoffiry Twysse, extending at the eastern end upon the shore of
Mersey water.
Also he holds four acres of arable land in Arpeley field, lying
together in the [said] field inclosed with hedges and ditches and
called le Longehey, and two acres in the said Long field [query.
Long hey?] are the inheritance of Randle Rixton, which field lies in
breadth between the land of Mary, late the wife of Hamon de
Assheton, on the east, and a common road or way in Arpeley and
another parcel of land caUed Weteakyrs on the west, and extending
in length from a field of William Botiller in the tenure of Johanna
the wife of Hamon Nayler on the south as far as a field of Thomas
HUle in the tenure of Richard Hardewar on the north.
Also he holds of the said Peter by the said service two acres of
land lying together in the said Arpeley field, lying in breadth
between a field called le Bruche hey on- the east and an acre of
William Gerard of Ince in the tenure of John Belle on the west,
and extending in length trom. an acre of land of Randle Rixton on
the south as far as a parcel of land of the said Peter Legh in the
tenure of John Fulshagh on the north.
Also he holds of the said Peter by the said service half an acre
of meadow lying in Arpeley aforesaid in breadth between two acres
of land of William Botiller in the tenure of the wife of Hamon
Nayler on the north and land of Randle Rixton on the south, and
100 BE KBDDITIBUS CAPITALTBUS IN WBBTNOTON.
longitudine a acra teme ecclesiasticse in tennra Bogeii Hyndeley
ex parte ooddentali et dictas dnas acras Willielini Botiller ex parte
orientali.
Item tenet per dictum senritinm aliam dimidiam acram in Arpeley
extendentem super ocddentalem finem spine in dicta occidentali
parte in Arpeley. Qnse omnia prtedicta reddnnt dicto Petro de
capitali redditu per annnm sex solidos et norem denarios et tres
quartronas piperis.
Thomas Hills tenet de dicto Petro Legh in capite per servitinm
militare unum campnm in Arpeley continentem duas acras terrse
arabilis et dimidiam acram terrs jacentes in latitudine inter cam-
pnm Banulphi de Kixton ex parte orientali et acram Willielmi
Botiller in tenura Willielmi Sporis ex parte occidentali et extenden-
tem in longitudine a campo hseredis Bogeri Aiosmythe vocato
Longehey ex parte australi usque ad tres acras dicti Willielmi
Botiller in tenuris Bicardi Wynyngton et JohannsB nuper uxoris
Hamonis Nayler ex parte boreali.
Item tenet unam acram terrse extendentem in longitudine a
prato de Arpeley ex parte occidentali usque ad aquam de Mersee
ex parte orientali jacentem inter communem venellam ducentem
de villa de Weryngton usque ad Arpeley ex parte boreali et cam-
pum dicti Willielmi Botiller in tenura Bicardi Wynyngton ex parte
australi.
Item tenet de dicto Petro per dictum servitium acram terrse in
quodam loco vocato Alderswell jacentem in latitudine inter acram
hseredis Bichardi Pasmethe ex parte orientali et terram Johannis
Wynyngton in tenura Boberti Chalon ex parte occidentali et ex-
tendit in longitudine a prato vocato Frere medo ex parte boreali
usque ad campum Willielmi Botiller in tenura Alicia Clerk voca-
tum Longehey ex parte australi.
Item tenet quartam partem prati vocad Downehouse medo per
dictum servitium limitati sicut prsescribitur in tenura Bogeri
Arosmytbe.
CHISF RENTS IN WERTNGTON. 101
extending in length from an acre of clmrch land in the tenure of
Soger Hyndeley on the west and the said two acres of William
BotiUer on the east.
Also he holds by the said service another half acre in Arpelej,
extending npon the west side of the thorn in the said west part in
Arpeley. All which aforesaid [premises] render to the said Peter
yearly for chief rent six shillings and ninepence^ with three quar-
ters of a pound of pepper.
Thomas Hille holds of the said Peter Legh in capite by mili-
tary service one field in Arpeley containing two acres and a half of
arable land lying in breadth between a field of Randle de Bixton
on the east and an acre of William Botiller in the tenure of Wil-
liam Sporis on the west^ and extending in length from a field of
Boger Arosmythe^s heir called Longehey on the south as far as
three acres of the said William Botiller in the tenures of Richard
Wynyngton and Johanna the late wife of Hamon Nayler on the
north.
Also he holds one acre of land extending in length from Arpeley
meadow on the west as far as Mersee water on the east^ lying be-
tween a common lane leading from the town of Weryngton as far
as Arpeley on the north and a field of the said Willam Botiller in
the tenure of Bichard Wynyngton on the south.
Also he holds of the said Peter by the said service an acre of
land in a certain place called Alderswell^ lying in breadth between
an acre of Bichard Fasmethe's heir on the east and the land of
John Wynyngton in the tenure of Robert Chalon on the west^ and
extending in length from a meadow called Frere medo on the north
as far as a field of William Botiller in the tenure of Alice Clerk
called Longehey on the south.
Also he holds a fourth part of the meadow called Downehouse
medo by the said service^ bounded as is before described in the
tenure of Roger Arosmythe.
IQ2 DB EBDDITIBU8 CAPITALIBU8 IN WBRTNGTON.
Item tenet imam acram terns in dicto semtio jacentem in campo
de Hollay in quo alia acra dicti haeredia oontinetnr et limitator.
Item tenet in dicto servitio unam acram terrsB arabilis jacentem
in tribua parcellis in commnni campo de Hollay. Qaae teme et
tenementa prsedicta reddunt dicto Petro de capital! redditu per
annum novemdecim denarios et nnum quarteiium piperis.
Unum novum messuagium ortum et pomoerinm nuper Henrid
Fyssher et Katerinse uxoris ejusdem legata ecclesise altse de Wer-
yngton ad partem sustentationis imius capellani celebrantis ante
crucem diets ecclesie, quod quidem messuagium ortum et pom<B-
rium jacent et situantur in vico de Kyrkestrete villae de Weiyngton
et tenentur de dicto Petro Legh in capite per dictum servitium
jacentia in latitudine dictorum orti et pomoerii et longitudine prae*
dicti messuagii inter messuagium et ortum haeredis Rogeri Aro-
smythe ex parte orientali et messuagium et ortum Bicardi Bruche
vocata Barber's lande ex parte occidentali et extendunt in longitu-
dine dicti orti et latitudine prsedicti messuagii a prsedicta strata de
Kyrkestrete ex parte australi usque ad ortum Nicholai Blundell ex
parte boreali^ quae reddunt dicto Petro de capitali redditu per
anniim duodcdm denarios.
Item duo burgagia insimul situata cum duobus gardinis et
unam acram tenrae in Hollay eisdem adjacentem vocatam le Fytche-
lande nunc pertinentem ecclesiae sitae de Weryngton per legationem
tenentur de dicto Petro Legh per dictum servitium jacentia in
strato vocato Hethestrete villas de Weryngton in latitudine dicto-
rum gardinorum et longitudine dictorum burgagiorum inter gar-
dinum dicti Petri Legh nuper in tenura Willielmi Kyngeley ex
parte australi et venellam vocatam Bag lane ex parte boreali et
extendunt in longitudine dictorum gardinorum et latitudine dicto-
rum burgagiorum a praedicta venella de Hethestrete ex parte occi-
dentali usque ad gardinum Nicholai Blundell ex parte orientali.
CHIEF BENTS IN WEEYNOTON. 108
Also he holds an acre of land by the said service lying in Hollay
field, wherein another acre of the said heir is contained and en-
closed.
Ako he holds by the said service one acre of arable land lying
in three parcels in the Hollay common field; which lands and
tenements aforesaid render to the said Peter yearly for chief rent
nineteen pence and one quarter [i.e. of a pound] of pepper.
One new messuage, a garden, and an appleyard, late of Henry
Fyssher and Catherine his wife [have been] bequeathed to the high
church of Weryngton in part for the sustentation of a chaplain
celebrating before the cross of the high church ; which messuage,
garden, and appleyard lie and are situate in the Kyrkestrete of the
said town of Weryngton and are held of the said Peter Legh in
capite by the said service, lying in breadth of the said garden and
appleyard and in length of the aforesaid messuage between a mes-
suage and garden of Roger Arosmythe's heir on the east and a
messuage and garden of Richard Bruche called Barber's lande on
the west, and extending in length of the said garden and in breadth
of the aforesaid messuage from Kyrkestrete aforesaid on the south
as far as a garden of Nicholas Blundell on the north, which render
to the said Peter yearly for chief rent twelve pence.
Also two burgages situate together with two gardens, and one
acre of land in Hollay adjoining the same, called Fytchelande now
belonging to the high church of Weryngton by bequest, are held
of the said Peter Legh by the said service, lying in the street
called Hethestrete of the said town of Weryngton in breadth of
the said gardens and in length of the said burgages between a
garden of the said Peter Legh late in the tenure of William
Kyngeley on the south and a lane called Bag lane on the north,
and extending in length of the said gardens and in breadth of the
said burgages fix>m the aforesaid lane [called] Hethestrete on the
west as far as a garden of Nicholas Blundell on the east.
•r
104 DB BEDDITIBU8 CAFITALIBU8 IN WEAYNOTON.
Item praedicta acra Yocata IB^ytcheakyr jaoet in tribns partibus in
campo de Hollay qnanim dose partes jacent in latitudine inter
terram Bicardi Torfote ex parte orientali et terram Banulphi
Bixton ex parte occidentali et extendnnt in longitadine a qoadam
acra vocata Pyketakyr antescripta ex parte boreali usque ad acram
lueredis Bicardi Pasmethe in tenura WilUehni Hille ex parte ans-
trali et tertia pars prsedictae acrse extendit in longitudine a terra
Willielmi Botiller yocata Hobbeakyr de Lymme in tenura Badulpbi
Kellurmargh ex parte occidentali usque ad pnedictas duas partes
ex parte orientali et jacet in latitudine inter terram dicti Willielmi
Botiller in tenura Edwardi Twysse ex parte boreaU et dimidiam
acram Willielmi Botiller nuper in tenura rectoris de Weryngton
ex parte australi^ quad pr»dicta reddunt dicto Petro per annum de
capitali redditu duos solidos.
Badulphus Pabb tenet de pr»dicto Petro in capite per servi-
tium militare unum messuagium cum gardino vocatum ex antiquo
tempore Bellyn's lande jacentia in le Kyrkestrete praedictse yillss
de Weryngton in latitudine dicti gardini et longitudine dicti mes-
suagii inter messuagium GKlberti Bysseley in tenura Thomse Pepir
ex parte occidentali et burgagium vacuum Banulphi Bixton ex
parte orientaU et extendnnt in longitudine dicti gardini et latitu-
dine dicti messuagii a pnedicto vico de Kyrkestrete ex parte aus-
trali usque ad quoddam croftum nuncupatum Merbury's lande
pertinens jure abbathte de Norton m tenura Johaunis Dychefdd
ex parte boreali, quae reddunt de capitali redditu per annum dicto
Petro sex denarios.
BiCABDUs ToBFOTE tcuet dc dicto Petro in capite per dictum
servitium duo burgagia insimul jacentia sub uno tecto cum duobus
quffi quidem burgagia jacent et situantnr inter burgagium ruinosum
in latitudine dictorum gardinorum et longitudine dictorum burga-
giorum Banulphi Bixton ex parte occidentali et messuagium haeredis
Bogeri Arosmythe in tenura Badulphi Fawkener ex parte orientali
CHIEF RKNT8 IN WBBYNOTON. 105
Alao the aforesaid acre called Fytcheakyr lies in three parts in
Hollay field, whereof two parts lie in breadth between land of
Richard Torfote on the east and land of Handle Rrxton on the
west, and extend in length firom a certain acre called Fjrketakyr
before described on the north as far as an acre of Richard Fas-
methe's heir in the tenure of William HiQe on the south, and the
third part of the aforesaid acre extends in length from land of
William Botiller called Ljmme's Hobbeakyr in the tenure of
Ralph Kellnrmargh on the west as far as the aforesaid two parts
on the east, and lies in breadth between land of the said William
Botiller in the tenure of Edward Twysse on the north and a half
acre of William BotiUer late in the tenure of the rector of Weryng-
ton on the south, which aforesaid [premises] render to the said
Peter yearly for chief rent two shillings.
Ralph Pare holds of the aforesaid Peter in capite by military
service a messuage and garden called from ancient time Bellyn's
lande, lying in le Kyrkestrete of the said town of Weryngton in
breadth of the said garden and in length of the said messuage be-
tween a messuage of Gilbert Rysseley in the tenure of Thomas
Pepir on the west and an empty burgage of Randle Rixton on the
east, and extending in length of the said garden and in breadth of
the said messuage from Kyrkestrete aforesaid on the south as far as
a certain croft called Merbury^s lande, of right belonging to the
abbey of Norton, in the tenure of John Dychfeld on the north ;
which [premises] render yearly for chief rent to the said Peter
sixpence.
Richard Torfotb holds of the said Peter in capite by the said
service two burgages lying together under one roof, with two gar-
dens in the said Kyrkestrete with one acre of land in Hollay, which
buigages lie and are situate between a ruined burgage of Randle
Rixton in breadth of the said gardens and in length of the said
b^^gc^g^ on the west and a messuage of Roger Arosmythe^s heir
in the tenure of Ralph Fawkener on the east, and extend in length
106 DE RBDDITIBUS CAPITALTBUS IN WERYNGTON.
et extendunt in longitudine dictorum gardinorom et latitudine
dictorum burgagiorum a prsedicta strata de Kyrkestrete ex parte
boreali usque ad terrain Bieardi Bruche in Hollay in tenura Bogeri
Jamesson ex parte australi. Et prsedicta acra jacet in latitudine
inter duas partes de prsedictis terris vocatis Fychelaiide pertinenti-
bus ecelesisB altse de Weryngton videlicet oecidentali parte et
orientali^ et extendit a terra bseredis Bogeri Arosmythe ex parte
boreali usque ad terrain hseredis Bieardi Pasmethe in tenura Wil-
lielmi Hille ex parte australi, quae reddunt dicto Fetro de capitali
redditu per annum duodeoim denarios.
GiLBERTUs Btsselby tenet de dicto Petro Legh in capite per
servitium militare unum messuagium cum gardino adjacente situa-
tum in le Kyrkestrete prsedicto in tenura Thomse Pepir, quod qui-
dem messiiagium cum gardino jacent in latitudine dicti gardini et
longitudine dicti messuagii inter messuagium et gardinum Henrici
Garnet nuper in tenura Johannae Bysseley ex parte oecidentali et
messuagium et gardinum Badulphi Parr in tenura Elizabethse
Hyndeley ex parte orientali et extendunt in longitudine dicti
gardini et latitudine dicti messuagii a prsedicta strata de Kyrke-
strete ex parte australi usque ad venellam de Bag lane ex parte
boreali.
Item tenet dimidiam acram terrse in Hollay de dicto Fetro per
dictum servitium jacentem in latitudine inter parcellam terrse Petri
Legh nuper in tenura Johannis Wode ex parte orientali et quandam
selionem terrao Henrici Garnet ex parte oecidentali et extendit in
longitudine a quodam crofto circumclauso cum sepibus continente
duas acras terras de hsereditate Petri Werburton armigeri et baeredis
Bogeri Arosmythe ex parte boreali usque ad quandam selionem
dicti haeredis Bogeri Arosmythe ex parte australi.
Item tenet de dicto Petro et in dicto servitio unum burgagium
vacuum jacens in Bag Lane villae de Weryngton in latitudine inter
messuagium dicti haeredis Bogeri Arosmythe in tenura Nicholai
Barker ex parte oecidentali, et quadam bilanda dividit dictum bur-
gagium dicti Gilberti et dictum messuagium dicti haeredis Bogeri
CHIEF RENTS IN WERYNOTON. 107
of the said gardens and in breadth of the said burgages from
Kyrkestrete aforesaid on the north as far as land of Bichard
Bniche in Hollay in the tenure of Eoger Jamesson on the south ;
and the aforesaid acre lies in breadth between two parts of the
aforesaid lands called Fytchelande belonging to the high church of
Weryngton^ to wit on the west and on the east^ and extends in
length from land of Roger Arosmythe's heir on the north as fSar as
land of Bichard Pasmethe's heir in the tenure of William Hille on
the south; which [premises] render to the said Peter yearly for
chief rent twelve pence.
Gilbert Rtsselet holds of the said Peter Legh in capite by
military service one messuage with a garden adjoining, situate in
le Kyrkestrete aforesaid in the tenure of Thomas Pepir; which
messuage and garden lie in breadth of the said garden and in
length of the said messuage between a messuage and garden of
Henry Garnet, late in the tenure of Johanna Bysseley on the west,
and a messuage and garden of Ralph Parr in the tenure of Elizabeth
Hyndeley on the east, and extend in length of the said garden and
in breadth of the said messuage from Kyrkestrete aforesaid on the
south as far as the lane [called] Baglane on the north.
Also he holds half an acre of land in Hollay of the said Peter by
the said service, lying in breadth between a parcel of land of Peter
Legh late in the tenure of John Wode on the east, and a certain
ridge of land of Henry Garnet on the west, and extending in length
from a certain croft surrounded with hedges and containing two
acres of land the inheritance of Peter Werburton esquire and of
Roger Arosmythe^s heir on the north, as far as a certain ridge of
land of the said Roger Arosmythe^s heir on the south.
Also he holds of the said Peter and in the said service one
empty burgage, lying in Baglane of the town of Weryngton, in
breadth between a messuage of the said Roger Arosmythe's heir in
the tenure of Nicholas Barker on the west (and a certain biland,
i.e. a double land, divides the said burgage of the said Gilbert and
the said messuage of the said Roger Arosmjrthe^s heir, to wit a
108 DE BEDDITIBU8 CAFITALIBUB IN WBBTNGTON.
Arosmythe et sdlioet burgagium WiUielmi Blakehurste ex parte
orientali^ et extendit in loBgitudine a venella pnedicta de Bag lane
ex parte boreali usque ad gardinum Willielnu Botiller nuper in
tenura Johannis Tyrehare ex parte australi.
Item tenet de dicto Petro in dicto servitio unam acram terraB
jacentem in le campo de Daddefelde in latitudine inter terram
Henrid Gkumet ex parte occidentali et terram Willielmi Blake-
hurst ex parte orientali et extendentem in longitudine ab alta via
quae ducit ab ecclesia alta de Weryngton usque ad Wulstone ex
parte australi usque ad brueram de Weryngton prsedicta ex parte
boreali.
Item tenet quatuor acras terrae arabilis jacentes subtus le Bruche
holte vocatas le Twystes et terram arabilem dicti Bicardi Bruche
et scilicet pratum dicti Bicardi Bruche jacens ex orientali parte
duarum quatuor acrarum. Qu» messuagium et burgagia cum
terris prsdictis valent dicto Fetro de capitali redditu per annum
septemdecim denarios obolum.
WiLLiELMUs Blakehurste tenet de dicto Petro in capite per
servitium miUtare unum messuagium cum magno orto et pomcerio
jacentia in vico de Hethestrete viUse prsedictse cum imo crofto con-
tinente dimidiam acram terra,, quod quidem messuagium ortum et
pomoerium jacent in latitudine inter dictam stratam de Hethestrete
ex parte orientali et predictum croftum ex parte occidentali et
extendunt in longitudine a quodam parvo burgagio vacuo Petri
Werburton armigeri ex parte australi usque ad messuagium Wil-
lielmi Botiller nuper in tenura Edmundi Berdisley ex parte boreali.
Item dictus Willielmus tenet de dicto Petro Legh per dictum
servitium prsedictum croftum jacens in latitudine inter terram dicti
Petri Legh et terram prsedicti Petri Werburton et terram videlicet
vacuum burgagium dicti Willielmi Blakehurste et dimidium crofti
Willielmi Botiller et alteram dimidium crofti quondam Gilberti
Sotheworthe in tenura Thomas Cartewright ex parte australi et
terram dicti Willielmi Botiller nuper in tenura dicti Edmundi Ber-
disley ex parte boreali et extendens in longitudine a dicto magno
CHIEF RENTS IN WBBYNOTON. 109
bxurgage of William Blftkehurste on the east), and extending in
length firom Baglane aforesaid on the north, as far as a garden of
William Botiller late in the tenure of John Tyrehare on the south.
Also he holds of the said Peter in the said service one acre of
land, lying iu the field [called] Daddefelde, in breadth between
the land of Henry Garnet on the west, and the land of William
Blakehurst on the east, and extending in length firom a highway
leading firom the high church of Weryngton to Wulstone on the
south, as far as the heath of Weryngton aforesaid on the north.
Also he holds four acres of arable land lying below the Bruche
holte called le Twystes and the arable land of the said Richard
Bruche, and also a meadow of the said Richard Bruche lying on
the east of two of the [said] four acres; which messuages and
buj^ages with the aforesaid lands are worth to the said Peter
yearly for chief rent seventeen pence halfpenny.
William Blakehu&stb holds of the said Peter in capite by
military service one messuage with a large garden and appleyard
lying in the Hethestrete of the aforesaid town with one croft con-
taining half an acre of land; which messuage, garden, and apple-
yard lie in breadth between the said Hethestrete on the east, and
the aforesaid croft on the west, and extend in length firom a certain
small empty burgage of Peter Werburton esquire on the south, as
far as a messuage of William Botiller late in the tenure of Edmund
Berdisley on the north.
Also the said William holds of the said Peter Legh by the said
service the aforesaid croft, lying in breadth between land of the
said Peter Legh and land of the aforesaid Peter Werburton, and
land, to wit, an empty burgage of the said William Blakehurste,
and half of a croft of William Botiller, and another half croft for-
merly of Gilbert Sothewurthe in the tenure of Thomas Carte-
wright on the south, and land of the said William Botiller late in
the tenure of the said Edmund Berdisley on the north, and ex-
tending in length firom the said large garden and appleyard of the
110 DE KEDDITIBUS CAPITALIBUS IN WE&TNGTON.
orto et pomosrio dicti WiUielmi Blakehurst ex parte orientali usque
ad finein orti cujusdam Henrici Garnet ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro Legh per dictum servitinm unum
vacuum burgagium jacens in quadam yenella et juxta vocata Hal-
lumslane in latitudine inter dictam yenellam ex parte australi et
terram Willielmi Botiller in tenura Willielmi Holme ex parte boreali
et extendens in longitudine a parvo vacuo bui^agio dicti WiUiehni
Botiller in tenura dicti Willielmi Holme ex parte orientali usque
ad dictum croftum Willielmi BotiUer et prsedicti Gilberti Sothe-
wurthe in tenura praedicti Thomse Cartwright ex parte occidentali,
quse omnia praedicta reddunt dicto Petro de capitali redditu per
annum duos solidos.
Henricus Garnet^ filius et hseres Willielmi Gha*net nuper
de Weryngton legisperiti tenet de dicto Petro Legh in capite per
servitium militare unam pulcram aulam cum duabus altis cameris
ooquina stabulo boscario orreo cum pomoerio et duobus gardinis cum
uno crofto continente fere acram terrae friscse vocatam aulam juxta
le Hallumswalle^ in vico dictse viUse de Weryngton ducente a loco
vocato Marketh yate usque ad ecclesiam altam dictse villse^ et quidam
fons aquae saUentis est ante hostium boreale dictse anise vocatus
Hallumswall, quse quidem aula cum omnibus pertinentiis jacent et
situantur in latitudine inter dictam viam sic ducentem ut prsescribi-
tur ex parte boreali et messuagium et ortum dicti Petri Legh nuper
in tenura Johannis Wode et nunc in tenura Johannis Smythe
jacentia in le Bonkestrete dictse viUse ex parte australi et extendunt
in longiori parte a quadam parva venella vocata Hallumslane ex
parte orientali usque ad quandam ustrinam et croftum nuper
^ It IB often popularly said that the lawyers always inhabit the best houses in
oar provincial towns. It would certainly seem that this lawyer of ancient War-
rington, who probably united in himself the character of barrister and attorney,
did not falsify the proverb, for this description stamps his house as one of the best
at that time in the town.
^ This word is written with a contraction thus, HaUQswalle, and it is not easy to
say whether it is meant for Hallumswalle or Hallunswalle. It is certain, however,
CHIEF RENTS IN WEEYNOTON. Ill
said William Blakehurst on tlie east^ as far as the end of a garden
of one Henry Garnet on the west.
Also he holds of the said Peter Legh by the said service one
empty burgage lying in and beside a certain lane called Hallums-
lane^ in breadth between the said lane on the south and land of
William Botiller in the tenure of William Holme on the norths
and extending in length from a small empty burgage of the said
William Botiller in the tenure of the said William Holme on the
east^ as far as the said croft of William Botiller and of the afore-
said Gilbert Sothewurth in the tenure of the said Thomas Carte-
wright on the west ; all which aforesaid premises render to the
said Peter yearly for chief rent two shillings.
Henrt Garnet, son and heir of William Garnet late of War-
rington lawyer^ holds of the said Peter Legh in capite by military
service one fair hall, called the hall near le HaUumswalle, with two
high chambers, a kitchen, stable, cowhouse, bam, appleyard, and a
croft containing near an acre of fresh land, in a street of the said
town of Weryngton leading from the place called Markethyate as
far as the high church of the said town, and a certain fountain of
springing water is before the north door of the said hall called
Hallumswall, which said hall and its appurtenances lie and are
situate in breadth between the said way so leading as aforesaid on
the north and a messuage and garden of the said Peter Legh late
in the tenure of John Wode and now in the tenure of John Smythe
lying in le Bonkestrete of the said town on the south, and extend
on their longer side from a certain small lane called Hallumslane
on the east, as far as a certain oven and croft late of Richard
that the foantain gave name to a well known place in Warrington called the Bun-
ning Pump, and where, until a vexy recent period, there was an iron conduit and a
perpetnal stream of spring water. If the word is Hallanswalle, it is probably a
corruption from Helenswell ; and in that case, the foantain may hare claimed St.
Helena, according to some authorities the patron saint of the church, for its
patroness.
112 DE BBDDITIBU8 CAPITALIBU8 IN WBBYNOTON.
Ricardi Fasmetbe tenia de prsedicto Petro Legh ad terminuin an-
norum ex parte occidentali. Quse omnia prsedicta reddunt dicto
Petro Legh per annum tres solidos et tres denarios.
Mabia quae fdit uxor Hamonis de Assheton tenet de dicto Petro
Legh per servitium militare unum messuagium cum uno gardino
eidem annexo in Kyrkestrete et quatuor acras terrae arabilis jacentes
ta cpo ^ A,p4, q».d quite. ™»™.gi,». « g-du..i i.»«,.
et situantur in latitudine dicti gardini et longitudine dicti messua-
gii inter burgagium vacuum Ranulphi de Bixton ex parte occiden*
tali et messuagium et gardinum Williehni Botiller in tenura Elena
Munke ex parte orientali et extendunt in longitudine dicti gardini
et latitudine dicti messuagii a vico de Kyrkestrete prsedicto ex
parte boreali usque ad quoddam croftum Henrid Garnet continens
duas acras terrse ex parte australi. Et quatuor acrsB prsedicte
jacent in duabus parvis croftis videlicet unum continens acram
tenrae et dimidiam et alterum continens duas acras terras et dimi-
diam jacentia in Arpdey in quodam loco vocato Hawrydynge juxta
alium locum vocatum Anglesey^ cum sepibus et fossis indusis
jacentes in latitudine inter terram Ranulphi Bixton de hiereditate
sed modo in tenura uxoris nuper Johannis Pigot nomine dotis susb
ex parte ooddentali et terram Ricardi Bruche ex parte orientali et
extendunt in longitudine a quodam crofto Thomse Hille in tenura
Ricardi Hardwar ex parte boreali usque ad terram dicti Willielmi
Botiller in tenura JohannsB nuper uxoris Hamonis le Nayler ex
parte australi. Qusb messuagium gardinum cum quatuor acris
teme prsedictis reddunt dicto Petro Legh per annum de capitali
redditu duos solidos et quatuor denarios.
Item GiLBBBTUs SoTHEwuBTHE prsscriptus tenet de dicto Petro
scilicet in capite per dictum servitium unam acram tenrse in campo
vocato le Marlet hey cum acra teme Ricardi Pasmethe sdlioet
1 This field, which preserves its original name to this day, was the snbjeet of eon-
troversy at an early period, as may be seen by referring to the Dachy Calendar of
Pleadings, vol. ii. p. 137.
CHIEF RENTS IN WS&YNOTON. 118
Paamethe aad holden of the aforesaid Peter Legh for a term of
years on the west ; all which aforesaid premises render to the said
Peter Legh yearly three shillings and three pence*
Maria, who was the wife of Hamon de Assheton, holds of the
said Peter Legh by miUtary service one messuage with one garden
thereto annexed in Kyrkestrete and four acres of arable land lying
in Arpeley field, which messuage and garden lie and are sitiiAte in
breadth of the said garden and in length of the said messuage b^
tween an empty burgage of Randle de Bizton on the west, and a
messuage and garden of William Botiller in the tenure of JSSO&a
Munke on the east, and extend in length o£ the said garden and in
breadth of the said messuage &om Kyrkestrete aforesaid otOL thd
north, as far as a certain croft of Henry Qarnet containing twob
acres of land on the south ; and the aforesaid four «^8 lie in two
small crofts inclosed with hedges and ditches, namely, one contain^
ing one acre and a half of land and the other contaaning two acres
and a half, lying in Arpeley in a certain {dace called Hawrydynge,
beside another place called Anglesey, in breadth between laud the
inheritance of Randle Bixton but now in the tenure of the wife of
the late John Pigot, under the name of her dower, on the west^
and land of Richard Bruche on the east, and extending in length
firom a certain croft of Thomas Hille in the tenure of Richard
Hardwar on ihe north, as far as land of the said William Botiller
in the tenure of Johanna, late wife of Hamon le Nayler, on the
south; which messuage, garden, and four acres of land aforesaid^
render to the said Peter Legh yearly for chief rent two shillings
and four pence.
Likewise the before named Gilbert Sothewurthe holds of the
said Peter, that is to say, in capite by the said service, one acre of
land in a field called le Marlet hey with an acre of land of the said
114 DE REDDITIBUS CAPITALIBUS IN WBRYNOTON.
tenta per dictum servitium de dicto Petro^ quse quidem acra cum
prsedicta acra dicti Ricardi jacent in latitudine inter brueram de
Weryngton ex parte boreali et praedictam terram dicti Bicardi
Pasmethe ex parte australi et extendunt in longitudine partim a
paroella terrse dicti Petri in tenura Johannis Hakynsall vocata le
Crymbnll ex parte orientali usque ad aliam parcellam dictse bruerse
de Weryngton ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet tres rodas terrse per sestimationem in furlongo campi
de Hollay yocato le Hellebole jacentes inter parcellam aquae de
Mersee ex parte australi et ex parte boreali dicta aqua limitat
partem dictse terrse et partem terras Banulphi Bixton et extendit
ab alia paroella dictae aquae ex fine orientali usque ad terram Wil-
lielmi Botiller in tenura Johannis Sonky ex parte occidentali.
» Item tenet in capite de dicto Petro unum burgagium aedificatum
cum gardino jacens ex latere orientali dictae venellae de Weryngton
▼ocatae Newgate jacentia in latitudine inter ripam dictae aquae et
scilicet le Bonke strete ex parte australi et terram Tidelicet burga-
gium WiUielmi Botiller in tenura Johannis Lawe ex latere boreali.
Item tenet unum gardinum scilicet in capite jacens ex boreali
latere cujusdam foutis vocati le Halumswalle et terras Willielmi
Botiller ex parte boreali et extendit a gardino Willielmi Blake-
hurste ex parte orientali et gardino Henrici Garnet ex parte occi-
dentali. duae reddunt dicto Petro per annum viginti denarios.
Item tenet aliam parcellam terrae in capite per dictum servitium
jacentem in campo de Weryngton yocato Hammundishohne in
Hollay jacen quae reddit per annum dicto Petro yiginti
tres denarios.
Item tenet aUam parcellam terrae jacentem in Arpeley continen-
tem unam rodam terrae.
Et sciatur quod dictus Gilbertus tenet omnia tenementa sua in
Weryngton in capite de dicto Petro per dictum servitium et reddit
de capitali redditu per annum in toto decem solidos et tres dena-
rios.
CHIEF RENTS IN WERYNOTON. 115
Richard Fasmethe holden of the said Peter by the said service,
which acre and also the aforesaid acre of the said Richard lie in
breadth between Weryngton heath on the north, and the aforesaid
hind of the said Richard Fasmethe on the south, and extend in
length partly from a parcel of land of the said Feter in the tenure
of John Halcynsall, called le Crymbull, on the east, as far as ano-
ther parcel of the said heath of Weryngton on the west.
Also he holds three roods of land by estimation in the furlong
of Hollay field, called le Hellehole, lying between a part of Mersee
water on the south, and on the north the said water bounds part
of the said land and a part of Randle Rixton^s land, and extending
from another part of the said water on the east, as far as land of
William Botiller in the tenure of John Sonky on the west.
Also he holds in capite of the said Feter one [newly] erected
burgage with a garden lying on the east side of the said lane of
Weryngton called Newgate, lying in breadth between the bank of
the said water, to wit, le Bonkestrete on the south, and land, to wit,
a burgage of William Botiller iu the tenure of John Lawe on the
north.
Also he holds one garden, to wit, in capite lying on the north
side of a certain well called le Hallumswalle, and having land of
William BotiUer on the north, and extending from a garden of
William Blakehurste on the east, and a garden of Henry Garnet
on the west; which renders to the said Feter yearly twenty pence.
Also he holds another parcel of land in capite by the said service
in a field in Weryngton called Hamundisholme in Hollay, lying
...» which renders yearly to the said Feter twenty three
pence.
Also he holds another parcel of land lying in Arpeley containing
one rood of land
And be it known that the said Gilbert holds all his tenements in
Weryngton in capite of the said Feter by the said service, and
renders yearly for chief rent in the whole ten shillings and three
pence.
116 BX TBUtIS ST TIlflHENnS IN OYSBVOBTHE.
Hie incipit limitatio omnium messuagiorum terrarum et tene-
mentonim ad Toluntatem Petri Legh militis infira hamelettam de
Overforthe juxta Weryngton^ &;c.
Imprimis. Dictos Pbtbus Lboh habet quoddam pratum ad
serviendum tenentibus aois de Oyerforthe prsedicto Yocatmn Dal-
carr^ medo continens sex acras prati jacens in latitudine inter viam
qu8B ducit a ponte de Longeforthe usque ad villam de Hulme ex
parte orientali et alium pratum Willielmi Botiller vocatum Homur
plokke ex parte occidental et extendit in longitudine a bruera de
Weryngton ex parte australi usque ad acram prati Nicholai Sonky
ex parte boreali, quod pratum valet dicto Petro per annum ad
Toluntatem suam videlicet tresdecim solidos et quatuor denarios.
Johannes Sothubn de Overforthe tenet de dicto Petro ad
voluntatem unum messuagium cum orto continente unam rodam
terrse jacentia in latitudme int^ terram Ricardi Sothewurthe armi-
geri ex parte boreali et brueram de Overforthe ex parte australi
fere et extendunt in longitudine a terra dicti Ricardi Sotheworflie
ex parte occidentali usque ad terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti
Johannis Sothurne et Gilberti Hoggekynson ex parte orientali.
Item tenet duas parvas haias cum sepibus et fossis indusas con-
tinentes quatuor acras terrse arabilis jaoentes in latitudine inter
terram dicti Ricardi Sothewurthe ex parte occidentali et terram
dicti Petri in tenura dicti Oilberti ex parte orientali et extendentes
in longitudine a presdicto messuagio et orto dicti Petri in tenura
prsedicti Johannis ex parte australi usque ad aliam terram dicti
Petri in tenura dicti Johannis Sothurne vocatam Rede Erthe ex
parte boreali.
Item tenet de dicto Petro Legh unam acram terrse arabiHs
* This field is still known by its ancient name. In a conveyance dated in 1744,
this description ocean : ** All that rood land, plot or parcel of onenclosed groond
lying and being in Dalker, otherwise Dalker Meadow/*
LANDB AND TENEMENTS IN ORFORD. 117
Here begins the limit of all the messuages, lands, and tenements
at wiU of the said Peter Legh, knight, within the hamlet of Over-
forthe beside Weryngton, &c.
Imprimis the said Peter Legh has a certain meadow for the use
of his tenants in Overforthe idToresaid, called Dalcarr medo, con-
taining six acres of meadow lying in breadth between the way
which leads from the bridge of Longeforthe as far as the town of
Holme on the east, and another meadow of William Botiller called
Homur plokke on the west, and extending in length from Weryng-
ton heath on the south, as far as an acre of meadow of Nicholas
Sonky on the north ; which meadow is worth to the said Peter
yearly at his will thirteen shillings and four pence.
John Sothubn, of Overforthe, holds of the said Peter at will one
messaage with a garden containing one rood of land lying in
breadth between land of Richard Sotheworthe, esquire, on the
north, and Orford heath towards the south, and extending in
length from land of the said Richard Sotheworthe on the west, as
far as land of the said Peter in the tenures of the said John
Sothume and Gilbert Hoggekynson on the east.
Also he holds two small closes inclosed with hedges and ditches
containing four acres of arable land lying in breadth between land
of the said Richard Sotheworthe on the west, and land of the said
Peter in the tenure of the said Gilbert on the east, and extending
in length from the aforesaid messuage and garden of the said Peter
in the tenure of the aforesaid John on the south, as far as other
land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said John Sothume,
called Rede Erthe, on the north.
Also he holds of the said Peter Legh one acre of arable land
118 DE TBR&I8 ET TBNEMENTI8 IN OVEEFORTHE.
jacentem in pnedicto looo vocato Bede Erthe jacentem in latitudine
inter terram dicti Bicardi Sotheworthe ex parte boreali et prsedictas
duas paryas haias praedicti Petri ex parte australi et extendit in
longitodine a terra dicti Bicardi Sotheworthe ex parte ocddentali
osqne ad terram dicti Willielmi Botiller ex parte oriental! in campo
vocato Paynsfeld.
Item tenet aliam acram teme arabilia jacentem in campo vocato
Parkefyid quae quidem acra vocatur le dayakyr jacentem in lati-
tudine inter terram dicti Petri in tennra Willielmi Chaloner ex
parte australi et aliam paroellam terrae dicti Petri in tenura dicti
Willielmi Chaloner ex parte boreali et extendit in longitudine a
terra praedicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi Chaloner ex parte
occidental! usque ad quandam acram dicti Petri in tenura Henrici
Holbroke Tocatum Holeakyr ex parte orientali.
Item tenet aliam acram terrae jacentem in campo vocato Over-
forthe fylde nuncupatam le Brokeakyr jacentem in latitudine inter
terram dicti Petri in tenura Willielmi Cowper ex parte fere australi
et terram dicti Petri in tenura Gilbert! Madur ex parte fere boreali
et extendentem in longitudine a quodam rivulo vocato Hoghton
broke ex parte orientali usque ad quandam parcellam terrae Lau-
rentii Longtre vocatam Irpuls Erthe in tenura Willielmi Chaloner
ex parte occidental!.
Item tenet unam acram terrae cum sepibus et fossis indusam
vocatam le Broke hey jacdhtem in latitudine inter unam venellam
ducentem a hameleto de Overforthe praedicto usque ad campum de
Overforthe ex parte occidental! et praedictum rivulimi de Hoghton
broke ex parte occidental! et extendit in longitudine a terra dicti
Petri in tenura dicti Gilberti Madur ex parte boreali usque ad
terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Gilberti ex parte australi. Cluae
messuagium ortum terrae et tenementa praedicta reddunt dicto
Petro per annum de redditu voluntatis tresdecim solidos et quatuor
denarios cum servitio videlicet in implendo bigam fimalem quae
valet duos denarios item una die faciendo foenum quae valet per
annum denarium cum quatuor diebus autumpnalibus quae
valent octo denarios.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN ORTORD. 119
lying in the aforesaid place, called Rede Erthe, Ijiiig in breadth
between land of the said Richard Sotheworthe on the north, and
the two small closes aforesaid of the said Peter on the south, and
extending in length firom land of the said Richard Sotheworthe on
the west, as far as land of the said William Botiller on the east, in
a field called Paynsfeld.
Also he holds another acre of arable land lying in a field called
Parkefyld, which acre is called le Clayakyr, lying in breadth be-
tween land of the said Peter in the tenure of William Chaloner on
the south, and another parcel of land of the said Peter in the
tenure of the said William Chaloner on the north, and extending
in length fix)m land of the aforesaid Peter in the tenure of the said
William Chaloner on the west, as far as a certain acre of the said
Peter in the tenure of Henry Holbroke, called Holeakyr, on the
east.
Also he holds another acre of land lying in the field called
Overforthe Pylde, called le Brokeakyr, lying in breadth between
land of the said Peter in the tenure of William Cowper towards
the south, and land of the said Peter in the tenure of Gilbert
Madur towards the north, and extending in length from a certain
rivulet called Hoghton broke on the east as far as a certain parcel
of land of Lawrence Longtre called Irpuls Erthe in the tenure of
William Chaloner on the west.
Also he holds one acre of land inclosed with hedges and ditches
called le Broke hey lying in breadth between a lane leading from
the aforesaid hamlet of Orford as far as the Overforthe field on the
west and the aforesaid rivulet of Hoghton broke on the east, and
extending in length from land of the said Peter in the tenure of
the said Gilbert Madur on the north as far as the land of the said
Peter in the tenure of the said Gilbert on the south ; which mes-
suage, garden, lands and tenements aforesaid render to the said
Peter yearly for rent at will thirteen shillings and fourpence, with
service, to wit, one day at filling the dung cart, which is worth two
pence, also one day at hay making, which is worth yearly one
penny, with four days in autumn, which are worth eight pence.
120 DB TBRR18 ST TENEMENTI8 IN OVSBFOBTHE.
GiLBEETUs HoooEKTNsoN de Overforthe prsedicta tenet de dicto
Petro ad voluntatem imum messuagiam vocatum Merboryshowse
com orto et crofbo cum sepibus et fossis inclusis continentia acram
teme, quse quidem messoagium ortum et croftum jaceut in latitu-
dine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Johannis Sothum ex
parte ocdidentali et terram dicti Petri in tenura Ricardi Sothume
ex parte orientali et extendunt in longitudine a dicta bruera de
Overforthe ex parte austraU usque ad terram dicti Petri in tenura
dicti Johannis Sothume ex parte boreali.
Item tenet unam acram terrse arabilis jacentem super altum
campum de Overforthe jacentem in latitudine inter tres rodaa
terrse dicti Petri in tenura Willielmi Cowper ex parte boreali et
terram dicti Petri in tenura Henrici Holbroke ex parte australi et
extendit in longitudine a terra dicti Petri yidelicet tres rodas tense
in tenura dicti Henrici ex parte occidentali usque ad terram dicti
Petri in tenura dicti Gilberti Madur ex parte orientali.
Item tenet aliam acram terrse vocatam le Brokeakyr jacentem
in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi
Chaloner ex parte boreali et terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti
Gilberti Madur ex parte australi et extendit in longitudine a dicto
rivulo Yocato Hoghton Broke ex parte orientali usque ad terram
dicti Petri in tenura dicti Bicardi Sothume ex parte occidentali.
Quise reddimt dicto Petro per annum ad voluntatem sex solidos
cum servitio unius implendo bigam fimalem quae valet per annum
duos denarios^ item una die imius faciendi foenum quae valet
denarium cum quatuor diebus autumpnalibus^ que valent per annum
octo denarios.
BicABDUs SoTHUBNB de Ovcrforthe tenet de dicto Petro Legh
unum messuagium cum orreo et orto jacentia in latitudine inter
terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Bicardi ex parte boreali et dictam
brueram de Overforthe ex parte australi et extendit in longitudine
a dicto messuagio dicti Petri vocato Merburishowse ex parte occi-
dentali usque ad terram dicti Petri in tenura Boberti Kyngeley ex
parte orientali.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN ORFORD. 121
Gilbert Hoooektnson of Overforthe aforesaid holds of the said
Peter at will one messuage called Merbury's howse, with a garden
and croft inclosed with hedges and ditches, containing an acre of
land, which messuage, garden and croft lie in breadth between
land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said John Sothum on the
west and land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Richard
Sothume on the east, and extending in length from the said heath
of Overforthe on the south as far as land of the said Peter in the
tenure of the said John Sothum on the north.
Ako he holds one acre of arable land lying upon Overforthe
high field in breadth between three roods of land of the said Peter
in the tenure of William Cowper on the north and land of the said
Peter in the tenure of Henry Holbroke on the south, and extend-
ing in length firom land of the said Peter, to wit, three roods of
land in the tenure of the said Henry on the west as far as land of
the said Peter in the tenure of the said Gilbert Madur on the east.
Also he holds another acre of land called le Broke akyr lying in
breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said
William Chaloner on the north and land of the said Peter in the
tenure of the said Gilbert Madur on the south, and extending in
length from the said rivulet called Hoghton Broke on the east as
£ar as the land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Richard
Sothume on the west; which render to the said Peter yearly at
will six shillings, with one day's service at filling the dung cart,
which is worth two pence yearly, also one day at hay making,
whieh is worth one penny, with four days in autumn, which are
worth yearly eight pence.
Richard Sothurne of Overforthe holds of the said Peter Legh
one messuage with a bam and a garden lying in breadth between
land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Richard on the
north and the said Overforthe heath on the south, and extending
in length from the said messuage of the said Peter called Merburis-
howse on the west as far as the land of the said Peter in the tenure
of Robert Eyngeley on the east.
122 DE TBBBI8 £T TENEMENTI8 IN OVERFO&THE.
Item tenet unum croftum continens duas acras terrse arabilis et
com sepibus et fossis inelusum jacens in latitudine inter terram
dicti Petri vocati Merburislande ex parte occidentali et terram dicti
Boberti Kyngeleye ex parte orientali et extendens in longitndine a
dicto orto dicti Petri in tenora dicti Ricardi ex parte australi usque
ad terram dicti Petri vocatam Rede Erthe in tenura prsedicti Ricardi
ex parte boreali.
Item tenet unam acram terrse jacentem in praedicto loco vocato
Rede Erthe in latitudine inter terram dicti Ricardi Sotheworthe
ex parte occidentali et terram dicti Petri in tenura Williebni
Cbaloner et terram dicti Willielmi BotiUer ex parte orientali et ex-
tendit in longitudine a dicto crofto dicti Petri et in tenura dicti
Ricardi Sothum ex parte australi usque ad terram dicti Ricardi
Sotbewurthe armigeri ex parte boreali.
Item tenet aliam acram terrse vocatam Holeakyr jacentem in
latitudine inter terram dicti Petri vocatam Parkefylde in tenura
Willielmi Chaloner ex parte boreali et terram dicti Petri continen-
tem rodam terrse in tenura dicti Gilberti Madur ex parte australi
et extendentem in longitudine a terra dicti Petri in tenura dicti
Henrici Holbroke ex parte orientali usque ad terram dicti Petri in
tenura dicti Roberti Kyngeley ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet acram terrse vocatam le Clayeakyr jacentem in latitu-
dine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura Willielmi Chaloner ex parte
occidentali et terram vocatam Merburislande dicti Petri et in
tenura dicti Gilberti Hoggekynson ex parte orientali et extendit in
longitudine a dicta terra Laurentii^ Longtre vocata Irpuls Erthe ex
parte australi usque ad terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi
Chaloner ex parte boreali.
Item tenet aliam acram terrse vocatam Emmeakyr jacentem in
latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Henrici Holbroke
ex parte occidentali et terram dicti Petri in tenura Willielmi
Cowper ex parte orientali et extendit in longitudine a terra dicti
Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi Cowper ex parte boreali usque ad
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN ORFORD. 123
Also he holds one croft containing two acres of arable land
inclosed with hedges and ditches^ lying in breadth between land of
the said Peter called Merburislande on the west and land of the
said Peter in the tenure of the said Robert Kyngeley on the east,
and extending in length from the said garden of the said Peter in
the tenure of the said Bichard on the south as far as the land of
the said Peter called the Rede Erthe in the tenure of the aforesaid
Richard on the north.
Also he holds one acre of land lying in the aforesaid place called
Rede Erthe in breadth between land of the said Richard Sothe-
wurthe on the west and land of the said Peter in the tenure of
William Chaloner and land of the said William Botiller on the
east, and extending in length from the said croft of the said Peter
and in the tenure of the said Richard Sothum on the south as far
as the land of the said Richard Sothewurthe esquire on the north.
Also he holds another acre of land called Holeakyr lying in
breadth between land of the said Peter called Parkefylde in the
tenure of William Chaloner on the north and land of the said
Peter containing a rood of land in the tenure of the said Gilbert
Madur on the south, and extending in length from land of the said
Peter in the tenure of the said Henry Holbroke on the east as far
as land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Robert Kyngeley
on the west.
Also he holds an acre of land called le Clayeakyr lying in breadth
between land of the said Peter in the tenure of William Chaloner
on the west and the land of the said Peter called Merburislande in
the tenure of the said Gilbert Hoggekynson on the east and ex-
tending in length &om the said land of Lawrence Longtre called
Irpuls Erthe on the south as far as land of the said Peter in the
tenure of the said William Chaloner on the north.
Also he holds another acre called Emmeakyr lying in breadth
between land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Henry
Holbroke on the west and land of the said Peter in the tenure of
the said William Cowper on the east, and extending in length from
land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said William Cowper on
124 DB TBKAIS IT TINBHBNTIB IN OVEBVOBTHE.
temm pnedicti Petri in tenura dicti Oilberti Madur ex parte
australi. Quae reddunt per annum dicto Petro Legh ad yoluntatem
undedm solidos cum servitio unius diei per annum implendi bigam
fimalem quse valet duos denarios et una die faciendo foenum que
valet denarium cum duobus diebus autumpnaUbus qusB valent per
annum octo denarios.
EoBEBTUs Eynoeley tcuct de dicto Petro ad voluntatem unum
messuagium cum orreo et orto et le foldestydde cum una falda
ante ostium occidentale dicti messuagii jacentia in latitudine et in
longitudine usque ad terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura dicti Boberti
ex utraque parte boreali et orientali et extendunt in longitudine a
bruera de Overforthe ex parte occidentali usque ad teiram dicti
Petri in tenura dicti Boberti ex parte boreali.
Item tenet sex acras terras arabilis invicem jacentes in campo
vocato Overforthe fylde videlicet ante hostium orientale prsedicti
messuagii in tenura dicti Boberti quarum quidem quatuor acrsB
jacent in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura Bicardi
Sothum ex parte fere occidentali et terram dicti Petri in tenura
dicti Henrici Holbroke ex parte fere orientali et extendunt in
longitudine a terra dicti Petri in tenura Willielmi Chaloner ex
parte australi usque ad terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Wil-
lielmi Chaloner vocatam Parke fylde ex parte boreali et duee
acrse prsedictarum sex jacent ex transverso prsedictis quatuor acris
videlicet in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti
Henrici Holbroke ex utraque latere videlicet orientali et occidentali
et extendunt in longitudine a messuagio dicti Petri in tenura dicti
Bicardi Sothum ex parte australi usque ad terram dicti Petri in
tenura dicti Henrici Holbroke videlicet quatuor acras terree ex
parte boreali, quae reddunt dicto Petro per annum octo solidos et
duos denarios cum servitio unius diei per annum implendo bigam
fimalem quae valet duos denarios item una die per annum fiaciendo
foenum quae valet denarium cum quatuor diebus autumpnalibus per
annum quae valent octo denarios.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN 0B70RD. 126
the nortli as far as land of the aforesaid Peter in the tenure of the
said Gilbert Madur on the south ; which render to the said Peter
yearly at wiU eleven shillings^ with one day's yearly service at filling
the dung cart^ which is worth two pence^ and one day at haymakings
which is worth one penny^ with two days in autumn^ which are
worth eight pence.
Robert Kynoelet holds of the said Peter at will one messuage
with a bam and garden and le foldestydde with one fold before the
western gate of the said messuage, lyii^g i^i breadth and in length
as far as land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Robert on
both sides north and east, and extending in length from Overforthe
heath on the west as far as land of the said Peter in the tenure of
the said Robert on the north.
Also he holds six acres of arable land lying together in the field
called Overfurthe fylde, to wit, before the easterly gate of the afore-
said messuage in the tenure of the said Robert, four of which said
acres lie in breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of
Richard Sothum towards the west and land of the said Peter in
the tenure of the said Henry Holbroke towards the east, and ex-
tending in length firom land of the said Peter in the tenure of
William Chaloner called Parkefylde on the north, and the other
two acres of the aforesaid six acres lie over against the aforesaid
four acres, to wit, in breadth between land of the said Peter in the
tenure of the said Henry Holbroke on two sides, to wit, on the
west, and extending in length from a messuage of the said Peter in
the tenure of the said Richard Sothum towards the south as far as
land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Henry Holbroke,
to wit, four acres of land on the north ; which render to the said
Peter yearly eicrht shillings and two pence, with one daVs service
yearl/at fiLg'the dung^, which'is worth two pence, also one
day at hay making, which is worth one penny, with four days iu
aatnnm, which are worth eight pence.
126 DE TERRI8 ET TENEMBNTI8 IN OVERFORTHE.
Hbnricub Holbroke de Overfortlie pnedicto tenet de dicto
Fetro ad voluntatem luium messuagium cum orreo et orto cum
domo turbariorum cum una falda jacentia in longitudine inter
terram dicti Petri videlicet tria crofta ex parte boreali et venellam
de Overforthe ex parte australi et in latitudine a terra dicti Petri
et in tenura dicti Henrici ex parte orientali et brueram de Over-
forthe ante hostium dicti Henrici ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet praedicta tria crofta cum sepibus et fossis inclusa
continentia quatuor acras terrae arabilis jacentia inter brueram
prsedictam ex parte australi et terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti
Boberti Eyngeley ex parte boreali et extendentia in longitudine
altera parte dictae bruerse ex parte occidentali usque ad terram
dicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi Cowper ex parte orientali.
Item tenet tres acras terrse invicem jacentes in dicto campo de
Overforthe jacentes in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura
dicti WiUielmi Cowper ex parte occidentali et terram dicti Petri in
tenura dicti Boberti Kyngeley ex parte orientali et extendunt in lon-
gitudine a terra dicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi Cowper ex parte
boreali usque ad tres rodas terrae dicti Petri in tenura dicti Henrici
Holbroke ex parte australi.
Item tenet tres rodas terrae praedictas invicem jacentes ex trans-
verso praedictas tres acras terrae jacentes in latitudine inter terram
dicti Petri in tenura dicti Roberti Kyngeley ex parte boreali et
praedictas tres acras terrae ex parte australi et extendentes in lon-
gitudine a terra dicti Petri in tenura dicti Bicardi Sothum ex parte
orientali usque ad terram dicti Petri Legh in tenura praedicti
Boberti Kyngeley ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet unam acram terrae vocatam Emmeakyr jacentem in
latitudine inter terram praedicti Petri in tenura dicti Bicardi
Sothum ex parte orientaH et terram pr^dicti Petri in tenura dicti
Willielmi Cowper ex parte occidentali et extendit in longitudine a
terra dicti Petri scilicet in tenura dicti Willielmi Cowper vocata
le Oale Parrok ex parte australi usque ad aliam parcellam terrae
dicti Petri et in tenura dicti Willielmi Cowper ex parte boreali.
LANDS AND TENBMENTS IN OBFORD. 127
Henry Holbroke of Overforthe aforesaid holds of the said Peter
at will one messuage with a bam and garden^ and one tnrf house
with a fold, lying in length between land of the said Peter, to wit
three crofts on the north and a lane in Overforthe on the south
and in breadth from land of the said Peter in the tenure of the
said Henry on the east and the heath of Overforthe before the
door of the said Henry on the west.
Also he holds the aforesaid three crofts inclosed with hedges and
ditches, containing four acres of arable land lying between the afore-
said heath on the south and land of the said Peter in the tenure of
the said Bobert Kyngeley on the north, and extending in length
from another part of the said heath on the west as far as land of
the said Peter in the tenure of the said William Cowper on the east.
Also he holds three acres of land in the said Overforthe field
lying in breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of
the said William Cowper on the west and land of the said Peter in
the tenure of Robert Kyngeley on the east, and extending in length
firom land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said William
Cowper on the north as far as three roods of land of the said Peter
in the tenure of the said Henry Holbroke on the south.
Also he holds the aforesaid three roods of land lying together
over against the aforesaid three acres of land, in breadth between
land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Robert Kyngeley
on the north and the aforesaid three acres of land on the south,
and extending in length firom land of the said Peter in the tenure
of the said Richard Sothum on the east as far as land of the said
Peter Legh in the tenure of the aforesaid Robert Kyngeley on the
west.
Also he holds one acre of land called Emmeakyr lying in breadth
between land of the aforesaid Peter in the tenure of the said
Richard Sothum on the east and land of the aforesaid Peter in the
tenure of the said William Cowper on the west, and extending in
length from land of the said Peter, to wit, in the tenure of the said
William Cowper called le Gale Parrok on the south as far as
another parcel of land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said
William Cowper on the north.
128 JDE TEBEIS £T TENEMENTIS IN OVEBFORTHB.
Item tenet aliam acram terrae yocatam le Holeakyr jacentem in
latitudine inter terram dicti Petri et in tenura dicti WiUiehni
Cowper ex parte australi et terrain dicti Petri in tenura Willielmi
Chaloner ex parte boreali et extendit in longitudine a terra prae-
dicti Petri in tenura dicti Ricardi Sothume ex parte occidentali
usque ad terram Laurentii Longtre prsescriptam vocatam Irpuls
Erthe in tenura dicti Willielmi Chaloner ex parte orientali. Quae
prsedicta reddunt dicto Petro Legh ad voluntatem per annum sep-
temdecim solidos et decem denarios cum servitio unius diei per
annum implendo bigam fimalem quee valet duos denarios^ item una
die per annum faciendo foenum quBB valet per annum denarium cum
quatuor diebus autumpnalibus quae valent per annum octo dena-
rios.
GijiBERTUs Madub de Overforthe prsedicto tenet de dicto Petro
ad voluntatatem imum messuagium cum orreo et orto cum uno
crofbo vocato Gale Crofte continente duas acras terrse arabilis^ quae
quidem messuagium ortum et croftum jacent et situantur int^
venellam de Overforthe ex parte australi et prsedictam terram dicti
Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi Cowper vocatam Gale Sperth ex
parte boreali et extendunt in longitudine a terra dicti Petri in
tenura dicti Willielmi Cowper ex parte occidental! usque ad terram
dicti Petri et in tenura dicti WiUiebni Chaloner ex parte orientali.
Item tenet unum croftum vocatum medo hey continens unam
acram at dimidiam terrse cum sepibus et fossis indusum jacens in
latitudinQ inter terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi Chalo*
ner ex parte ocddentali et prsescriptum rivulum de Hoghton ex
parte orientali et extendit in longitudine a terra dicti Petri in
tenura dicti Johannis Sothum ex parte boreali usque ad terram
praedicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi Chaloner ex parte australi.
Item tenet unum parvum Parrok cum sepibus inclusum jacens
in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Johannis So-
thum ex parte australi et terram praedicti Petri in tenura dicti
. Willielmi Cowper ex parte boreali et extendens in longitudine a
ia.NBa AND TINBMBNM IN OKVOBD. 129
Also he holds another acre of land called le Holeakyr lying in
breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said
William Cowper on the south and land of the said Peter in the
tenure of William Chaloner on the norths and extending in length
firom land of the aforesaid Peter in the tenure of the said Bichard
Sothnme on the west as fSur as the before described land of Lau-
rence Longtre called Lrpuls Erthe in the tenure of the said William
Chaloner on the east ; which aforesaid [premises] pay to the said
Peter Legh at will seventeen shillings and tenpence yearly^ with
the service of one day yearly at filling the dung cart^ which is
worth two penee^ also one day a year at making hay^ which is
worth one penny per year, and with four days in autumn, which
are worth eight pence.
OiLBBBV Madub of Ovcrforthe aforesaid holds of the said Peteff
at will one messuage with a bam and garden, with one croft called
Ghde Crofte^ containing two acres of arable land^ which messuage,
garden, and croft lie and are situate between a lane in Overforthe
on the south and the aforesaid land of the said Peter in the tenure
of the said William C!owper called GiJe Sperth on the north, and
extending in length from land of the said Peter in the tenure of
the said William C!owper on the west as jfor as land of the said
Peter in the tenure of the said William Chaloner on the east.
Also he holds a croft called medo hey containing one acre and a
half of land inclosed with hedges and ditches, lying in breadth
between land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said William
Chaloner on the west and the before mentioned Hoghton brook on
the east, and extending in length from land of the said Peter in the
tenure of the said John Sothum on the north as far as land of the
aforesaid Peter in the tenure of the said William Chaloner on the
south.
Also he holds one small parrok inclosed with hedges and ditches
lying in breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of
the said John Sothum on the south and land of the aforesaid Peter
in the tenure of the said William Cowper on the north, and extend-
s
130 DK TBBBI8 BT TBNBMBNTI8 IN OYBBFOKTHE.
dicto rivtilo Yocato Hoghton Broke ex parte fere orientali ut sup-
ponitur usque ad yenellam vocatam Fawreakyr lane et dicta venella
est de terra dicti Petri ex parte fere occidentali ut supponitur.
Item tenet acram terrse vocatam le Brokeakyr jacentem inter
terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Jokannis Sothum ex parte aus-
trali et terram dicti Petri in tenura Gilberti Hoggekynson ex parte
boreali et extendit in longitudine a dicto rivulo de Hogkton Broke
ex parte orientali usque ad terram dicti Laurentii Longtre yocatam
Irpuls Erthe et in tenura dicti Willielmi Chaloner ex parte occi-
dentali.
Item tenet aliam acram terrse jacentem in cacumine prsedicti
campi de Oyerforthe in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura
prsedicti Willielmi Cowper ex utraque parte australi et boreali et
extendit in longitudine a dicta Irpuls Erthe ex parte orientali
usque ad terram dicti Petri yocatam Merburislande in tenura Gil-
berti Hoggekynson ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet unam rodam terrse jacentem in dicto campo de Over-
forthe in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi
Cowper ex parte australi et terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Bicardi
Sothume ex parte boreali et extendentem in longitudiue a terra
dicti Petri in tenura dicti Henrici Holbroke ex parte occidentali
usque ad terram prsedicti Petri Legh in tenura dicti Willielmi
Cowper ex parte orientali ; quae reddunt per annum dicto Petro
et ad Yoluntatem undecim soUdos cum servitio unius diei per
annum implendo bigam fimalem quse valet duos denarios^ item una
die faciendo foenum quse valet denarium, cum quatuor diebus
autumpnaUbus quse valent per annum octo denarios.
WiLLiELMUs CowFEB dc Ovcrforthc praedicto tenet de dicto
Petro duo messuagia invicem jacentia cum uno orreo et scilicet
falda in hameleto de Overforthe prsedicta in latitudine inter crof-
tum dicti Petri in tenura dicti Henrici Holbroke ex parte occiden-
tali et alium croftum dicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi ex parte
orientali et extendit in longitudine a via alta quse ducit infira
hameletum prsedictum ex parte australi usque ad terram videlicet
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN OBFOBD. 181
ing in length from tbe said rivulet called Hoghton broke towards
the east to a lane caUed Fawreakyr lane^ as it is supposed^ and the
said lane on the side towards the west is supposed to be the said
Peter's land.
Also he holds an acre of land called le Broke akyr lying between
land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said John Sothum on
the south and land of the said Peter in the tenure of Gilbert
Hoggekynson on the norths and extending in length from the said
rivulet [called] Hoghton broke on the east as far as land of the
said Laurence Longtre called Irpuls Erthe and in the tenure of
the said William Chaloner on the west.
Also he holds another acre of land lying in the upper part of
the aforesaid Overforthe field in breadth between land of the said
Peter in the tenure of the aforesaid William Cowper on two sides^
the south and the norths and extending in length from the said
irpul^s Erthe on the east as far as land of the said Peter called
Merburislande in the tenure of Gilbert Hoggekynson on the west.
Also he holds one rood of land lying in the said Overforthe field
in breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said
William Cowper on the south and land of the said Peter in the
tenure of the said Richard Sothume on the norths and extending
in length from land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said
Henry Holbroke on the west as far as land of the aforesaid Peter
Legh in the tenure of the said William Cowper on the east; which
[premises held] at will render yearly to the said Peter eleven shil-
lings^ with the service of filling the dung cart one day in a year,
which is worth two pence, also one day at hay making, which is
worth one penny, with four days in autumn, which are worth
eight pence.
William Cowpeb of Overforthe aforesaid holds of the said Peter
two messuages lying together, with a bam and a fold, in the ham-
let of Overforthe aforesaid, in breadth between a croft of the said
William on the east and extending ia length from a highway
which leads below the hamlet aforesaid on the south as far as land.
182 DB TXRRI8 BT TXNBMBNTIt IN OVBBFOBTHB.
croftum dicti Petri in tennia dicti Henrici Holbroke ex parte
boreali.
Item tenet unum croftum oontinenB unam acram et dimidiam
teme ad finem orientalem dicti orrei jacens in latitudine inter dic-
tam altam viam de Overforthe ex parte anatrali et qnoddam croftum
dicti Petri in tennra dicti Henrici Holbroke ex parte boreali et
extendit in longitadine a terra dicti Petri in tenura dicti Gilberti
Madnr ex parte orientali usque ad terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti
Henrici Holbroke ex parte ooddentali.
Item tenet unam acram terrs arabiliB jacentem in campo de
Overforthe pr»dicto vocato Emmeakyr continentem in ae dnoa
puteos jacentem in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura
dicti Henrici Holbroke ex parte ocddentaH et terram pmdicti
Petri scilicet in tenura dicti Henrici Holbroke ex parte orientali et
extendentem in longitudine a quadam Spertke vocata Gale Sperthe
quae dudt a domo dicti Petri in tenura dicti Williehni Cowper
naque ad terram dicti Petri vocatam Fawreakyr in tenura dicti
Williehni Cowper ex parte austraU usque ad terram dicti Petri in
tenura preedicti Henrici Holbroke ex parte boreali et tres tunge
sharpes dictae acm Yocatae Emmeakyr jaoentes ex transverse resi-
duum pmdictae acrse jacent in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri
et in tenura dicti Henrici Holbroke ex parte australi et terram
prsedicti Petri in tenura prsedicti Boberti Kyngeley ex parte boreali
et extendunt in longitudine a terra preedicti Petri et scilicet in
tenura dicti Roberti Kyngeley ex parte ooddentali usque ad terram
dicti Petri et in tenura prsedicti Williehni Gowper ex parte orien-
taU.
Item tenet pr»8oriptum Sperthe vocatum Oale Sperthe jacens in
latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Gilberti Madur
ex parte australi et dictam acram vocatam Emmeakyr in tenura
prsedicti Williehni Cowper ex parte boreaU et extendens in longi-
tudine a terra dicti Petri in tenura dicti Henrici Holbroke ex parte
ocddentali usque ad terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Sicardi
Sothume scificet vocatam Enmieakyr ex parte orientali.
LAN08 AND TENEMENTS IN ORFORD. 188
to wit^ ft croft of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Henry
Holbroke on the north.
Also he holds a croft containing one acre and a half of land at
the east end of the said bam, lying in breadth between the said
highway in Overforthe on the south and a certain croft of the said
Peter in the tennie of the said Henry Holbroke on the norths and
extending in length from land of the said Peter in the tenure of
the said Gilbert Madur on the east as fiur as land of the said Peter
in the tenure of the said Henry Holbroke on the west.
Also he holds one acre of arable land lying in the field in Over-
forthe aforesaid called Enuneakyr, containing therein two pits
lying in breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of the
said Henry Holbroke on the west and land of the aforesaid Peter
in the tenure of the said Henry Holbroke on the east, and extend-
ing in length from a certain Sperthe called Gale Sperthe, which
leads from a house of the said Peter in the tenure of the said
William Cowper as far as land of the said Peter called Fawreakyr
in the tenure of the said William Cowper on the south as frur as
land of the said Peter in the tenure of the aforesaid Henry Hoi-
htcike on the south, and three tunge sharpes of the said acre called
Emmeakyr, lying over against the rest of the said acre, Ue in
breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said
Henry Holbroke on the south and land of the aforesaid Peter in
the t^iure of the aforesaid Robert Kyngeley on the north, and
extend in length frcmi land of the aforesaid Peter also in the tenure
of the said Kobert Kyngeley on the west as far as land of the said
Peter in the tenure of the aforesaid WiUiam Cowper on the east.
Also he holds the before described Sperthe called Oale Sperthe,
lying in breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of
tiiie said Gilbert Madur on the south, and the said acre called
Emmeakyr, in the tenure of the said WiUiam Cowper on the
north, and extending in length from land of the aforesaid Peter in
the tenure of the aforesaid Henry Holbroke on the west as frkr as
the land of tiie said Peter called Emmeakyr in the tenure of the
said Richard Sothume on the east.
184 DX TBERI8 ET TBNXMENTIS IN OVEEFOETHK.
Item tenet iinum campnm oontinentem quatuor acras terras
arabilis jacentem in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri et in tenura
praedicti Johannis Sothnme ex parte orientali et terrain dicti Petri
in tenura praedicti Bicardi Sothnme ex parte occidentali et exten-
dentem in longitudine a praedicta terra Lanrentii Longtre vocata
Irpuls Erthe ex parte boreali nsque ad terram dicti Petri in tenura
dicti Willielmi Chaloner ex parte australi.
Item tenet unam acram terrae vocatam Brokeakyr jacentem
inter terram praedicti Petri Legh in tenura dicti Gilberti Madur
ex parte australi et terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Johannis
Sothume ex parte boreali et extendentem in longitudine a dicto
riyulo vocato Hoghton broke ex parte orientali usque ad terram
dicti Petri in tenura praedicti Willielmi Cowper et praescriptam
Irpuls Erthe ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet aliam acram terrae vocatam le Gk>rsty akyr jacentem
in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Gilberti
Madur ex parte australi et terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Hen-
rici Holbroke ex parte boreali et extendit in longitudine a dicta
terra vocata Irpuls Erthe ex parte orientali usque ad terram dicti
Petri in tenura praedicti Gilberti Hoggekynson nuper in tenura
Johannis Merbury ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet unam acram terrse scilicet vocatam le Gtorstyakyr
jacentem in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Gil-
berti Madur ex parte boreali et terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti
Henrici Holbroke ex parte australi et extendentem in longitudine
a terra praedicti Petri in tenura dicti Henrici Holbroke ex parte
occidentali usque ad praedictam terram dicti Laurentii Longtre
vocatam Irpuls Erthe in tenura dicti Willielmi Chaloner ex parte
orientali.
Item tenet tres rodas terrae invicem jacentes inter terram dicti
Petri in tenura dicti Gilberti Madur ex parte boreali et terram dicti
Petri in tenura dicti Gilberti Hoggekynson nuper in tenura Jo-
hannis Merbury ex parte anstraH et extendentea in longitudine a
terra praedicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi Cowper ex parte
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN ORFOBD. 185
Also he holds one field containing four acres of arable land lying
in breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of the
aforesaid John Sothume on the east and land of the said Peter in
the tenure of the aforesaid Bichard Sothume on the west^ and
extending in length from the aforesaid land of Laurence Lougtre
called Irpuls Erthe on the north as far as land of the said Peter in
the tenure of the said William Chaloner on the south.
Also he holds one acre of land called Brokeakyr^ lyiug be-
tween land of the aforesaid Peter Legh in the tenure of the said
Gilbert Madur on the south and land of the said Peter in the
tenure of the said John Sothurne on the norths and extending in
length from the said rivulet called Hoghton broke on the east as
far as land of the said Peter in the tenure of the aforesaid William
Cowper and the before described Irpuls Erthe on the west.
Also he holds another acre of land called le Gorsty akyr, lyiug
in breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said
Gilbert Madur on the south and land of the said Peter in the
tenure of the said Henry Holbroke on the norths and extending in
length from the said land called Irpuls Erthe on the east as far as
land of the said Peter in the tenure of the aforesaid Gilbert
Hoggekynson^ late in the tenure of John Merbury^ on the west.
Also he holds an acre of land^ namely^ an acre called le Gorsty
akyr lying in breadth between land of the said Peter in the tenure
of the said Gilbert Madur on the north and land of the said Peter
in the tenure of the said Henry Holbroke on the souths and ex-
tending in length from land of the aforesaid Peter in the tenure of
the said Henry Holbroke on the west as far as the aforesaid land
of the said Laurence Longtre called Irpuls Erthe in the tenure of
the said William Chaloner on the east.
Also he holds three roods of land lying together between land
of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Gilbert Madur on the
north and land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Gilbert
Hoggekynson late in the tenure of John Merbury on the souths
and extending in length from land of the aforesaid Peter in the
tenure of the said William Cowper on the east towards the lastly
186 DI TBEEIS BT TBNBlfBNTIS IN OVE&FOBTH£«
orientali versos prfBScriptam iiltimam Gorstyakyr usqne ad temun
dicti Petri in tenura dicti Henrid Holbioke ex parte occiden-
tali.
Item tenet quandam parcellam prati viilgariter voeatam per tenen-
tes le Penyplokke et dictus rivulus Tocatus Hoghton broke circfiiit
ex antiquo tempore pr»dietam parcellam et dictus rivolns corrit ex
parte occidental prsedictsB parcellse jaoentis in campo Ricardi Bmche
Tocato Hankeye et terra prsedicti Ricardi Bmche drctdt dictam
parcellam dicti Petri ex omni parte extra occidentali parte nbi
dictus rivulus de Hoghton cnrrit^ quae omnia praedicta in tenura
dicti Willielmi Cowper valent dicto Petro per annum quindecim
solidos cum servitio unius diei per annum implendo bigam fimalem
qu» yalet duos denarios, item una die fiaciendo foenum qu» valet
per annum denarium cum quatuor diebus autumpnalibus qusB valent
octo denarios.
WiLLiBLMUs Chalonbk dc Overfortbc prssdicto tenet de dicto
Petro unum messuagium cum camera orreo et orto cum falda quod
quidem messuagium cum camera orreo et orto jacent et situantur
inter altam viam de Overfortbe prsedicto ex parte austraK et teiram
dicti Petri in tenura dicti Qilberti Madur vocatam Medo Heye ex
parte boreali et extendunt in longitudine a dicto rivulo vocato
Hogbton broke ex parte orientali usque ad quoddam croftum dicti
Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi Cbaloner ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet unum croftum continens duas acras teme jacens in
latitudine inter duos campos dicti Petri et in tenura dicti Qilberti
Madur ex utraque parte orientali et occidentali et extendens in
longitudine a terra dicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi Cowper ex
parte boreali usque ad altam viam de Overfiirtbe prsddicto ex parte
australi.
Item tenet unam acram terrse vocatam le Broke akyr jacentem
in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri nuper in tenura Jc^annis
Merbury sed modo in tenura Gilberti Hoggekynson ex parte aus*
trali et terram dicti Bicardi Sotheworthe armigeri ex parte boreali
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN ORFORD. 187
before described Gtorsty akyr as far as land of the said Peter in
the tenure of the said Henry Holbroke on the west.
Also he holds a certain parcel of meadow^ commonly called by
the tenants le Penyplokke^ and the said rivulet called Hoghton
broke encircles from ancient time the aforesaid parcel [of landj
and the said rivulet nms on the west of the aforesaid parcel^ which
liea in a field of Richard Bruche called Hankeye^ and the land of
the aforesaid Richard Bruche encircles the said parcel of the said
Peter in every part except on the west^ where the said Hoghton
brook runs. All which [premises] aforesaid in the holding of the
said William Cowper are worth to the said Peter yearly fifteen
shillings^ with one day's service yearly at filling the dung cart^
which is worth twopence^ also one day at making hay^ which is
worth one penny^ with four days in autumn^ which are worth eight
pence.
William Chalone& of Overforthe aforesaid holds of the said
Peter one messuage with a chamber^ bam^ garden^ and fold^ which
messuage, with the chamber, bam, and garden, lie and are situate
between the highway in Overforthe aforesaid on the south and land
of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Gilbert Madur called
Medo Heye on the north, and extend in length from the said
rivulet called Hoghton broke on the east as far as a certain croft
of the said Peter in the tenure of the said William Chaloner on
the west.
Also he holds a croft containing two acres of land lying in
breadth between two fields of the said Peter in the tenure of the
said Gilbert Madur on two sides on the east and on the west, and
eactending in length from land of the said Peter in the tenure of
the said William Cowper on the north as far as the highway in
Overforthe aforesaid on tiie south.
Also he holds one acre of land called le Broke akyr lying in
breadth between land of the said Peter late in the tenure of John
Merbury, but now in the tenure of Gilbert Hoggekynson, on the
south, and land of Richard Sotheworth, esquire, on the north, and
^ T
188 DE TERRIS BT TENEMENTI8 IN OYERrOBTHE.
et extendit in longitudine a dicto rivulo de Hoghton broke ex
parte orientali usque ad terrain dicti Petri in tenura dicti WiUielmi
Chaloner ex parte occidentali.
Item tenet aliam acram terrsB vocatam le Claye akyr aliter vo*
catam le Qwyteakyr jacentem in latitudine inter terrain dicti Petri
in tenura Bicardi Sothume ex parte orientali et terrain dicti Petri
in tenura praedicti Johannis Sothume ex parte occidentali et ex-
tendentem in longitudine a praedicta terra dicti Laurencii Longtre
Yocata Irpuls Erthe in tenura dicti Willielmi Chaloner ex parte
australi usque ad terrain dicti Petri in tenura dicti Willielmi Cha-
loner ex parte boreali.
Item tenet tres acras terrse arabiUs invicem jacentes in campo
vocato Parke Fylde in latitudine inter terram dicti Petri in tenura
dicti Johannis Sothume ex parte occidentali et aliam paroellam
terr» dicti Petri in tenura dicti Johannis Sothume ex parte orien-
tali et extendentes in longitudine a terra dicti Petri in tenura dicti
Henrici Holbroke ex parte austraU usque ad terram dicti Petri
in tenura dicti Willielmi Chaloner ex parte boreali.
Item tenet acram terrse jacentem in campo de Orerforthe vocato
le Longe shote et dicto campo vocato Parke Filde jacentem in
latitudine inter terram Willielmi Botiller armigeri vocatam Payns
Fylde ex parte boreali et terram dicti Petri in tenura dicti Willi-
elmi Chaloner ex parte australi et extendentem in longitudine a
terra dicti Petri in tenura dicti Johannis Sothume ex parte occi-
dentali usque ad quandam acram dicti Petri vocatam Brokeakyr
in tenura dicti Willielmi Cowper ex parte orientali. Quse pnd-
dicta reddunt dicto Petro Legh per annum ad voluntatem videlicet
tresdecim solidos et quatuor denarios cum servitio unius diei im-
plendo bigam fimalem quss valet per annum duos denarios cum
die una faciendo foenum qusB valet per annum denarium et quatuor
diebus autumpnalibus quae valent per annum octo denarios^ &c.
LANDS AND TENEMENTS IN ORFORD. 139
extending in length from the said rivulet of Hoghton broke on the
east as far as land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said Wil-
liam Chaloner on the west.
Also he holds another acre of land called le Clave akyr, other-
wise called le Qwyteakyr^ lying in breadth between land of the
said Peter in the tenure of the said Richard Sothume on the east
and land of the said Peter in the tenure of the aforesaid John
Sothume on the west^ and extending in length from the aforesaid
land of the said Laurence Longtre called Irpuls Erthe in the
tenure of the said William Chaloner on the south as far as land
of the said Peter in the tenure of the said William Chaloner on
the north.
Also he holds three acres of arable land lying together in the
field called Parke fylde, in breadth between land of the said Peter
in the tenure of the said John Sothurne on the west and another
parcel of land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said John
Sothume on the east, and extending in length from land of the
said Peter in the tenure of the said Henry Holbroke on the south
as far as land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said William
Chaloner on the north.
Also he holds an acre of land lying in a field in Overforthe called
le Longe shote, (and the said field called Parke Filde) lying in
breadth between land of William Botiller, esquire, called Paynes
Tylde on the north and land of the said Peter in the tenure of the
said William Chaloner on the south, and extending in length from
land of the said Peter in the tenure of the said John Sothume
on the west as far as a certain acre of the said Peter called Broke
akyr in the tenure of the said William Cowper on the east ; which
aforesaid [premises held] at will render to the said Peter Legh
yearly thirteen shillings and fourpence^ with one day^s service at
filling the dung cart, which is worth two pence yearly, with one
day at hay makings which is worth yearly one penny, and four days
in autumn, which are worth yearly eight pence.
140 DE CAFITALI BBDDITU IN OVEErOETH£.
Sequiteb Capitalis Fibma hameleti db Ovebvobthe pbjsdicto
FEBTINEN8 DICTO PeTBO LeOH KILITI.
BiCABDUs Bbuche taiet de prsBdicto Petro Legh in capite unam
messuagium cum duobus ortis et quinque croftis cum una paroella
prati in tenura Jacobi Sothuru jacentia in bameleto de Overforthe
juxta Weryngton^ qusB ortus crofta et pertitientia continent in se
novem acras tense arabilis et prati jacentia ex parte australi veneUffi
de Overforthe ex opposito fere messuagii prsedicti Petri in tennra
Willielmi Cowper et extendentia in longitudine a venella prsedicta
ex parte boreali usque ad quendam riyulum vocatum Bysshefelde
broke currentem inter dictam terram dicti Bacardi Bruche et
brueram de Weryngton ex parte australi. Quae praedicta reddunt
dicto Petro de capitali redditu per annum
Item dictus Bicardus Bruche tenet de dicto Petro in capite in
Overforthe prsedicto alium messuagium cum orreo orto et tribus
croftis cum parcella prati quae omnia continent octo acras terrse
arabilis et prati extendentes in longitudine a dicta venella ex parte
boreali usque ad prsedictum rivulum vocatum Bysshefelde broke ex
parte australi et est ex orientaH latere prsedicti messuagii dicti
Bicardi Bruche in tenura dicti Jacobi et dictum messuagium
orreum ortus et croftum pratum sunt modo in tenura Bicardi
Cowper quae reddunt dicto Petro Legh militi per annum de capitali
redditu quiudecim solidos et sex denarios.
Capitalis Bedditus pebtinens dicto Pbtbo infba
VILLAM DE LaCHEPOBTH.
Hugo Midillhuest tenet de dicto Petro in capite per servitium
militare infra villam de Lacheforth in comitatu Cestrise unum
chief rent in ovs&porths. 141
Here follows the Chief Bent of the hamlet of Oterforthe
AFORESAID BELONGING TO THE SAID PeTER LeGH^ KNIGHT.
Richard Bruchb holds of the aforesaid Peter Legh in capite
one messuage with two gardens and five crofts with one parcel of
meadow in the tenure of James Sothum lying in the hamlet of
Overforthe beside Weryngton^ which garden and crofts, with their
appurtenances, contain nine acres of arable and meadow land lying
on the south of Orerforthe lane and nearly over against a messuage
of the aforesaid Peter in the tenure of William Cowper, and extend-
ing in length from the lane aforesaid on the north as far as a certain
rivulet called Bysshefelde broke irunning between the said land of
Richard Bruche and a heath of Weryngton on the south; which
aforesaid [premises] render to the said Peter for chief rent yearly
Also the said Bichard Bruche holds of the said Peter in capite
in Overforthe aforesaid another messuage, with a bam, garden,
three crofts, and a parcel of meadow, all which contain eight acres
of arable and meadow land, extending in length from the said lane
on the north as far as the aforesaid rivulet called Bysshefelde broke
on the south and to the east of the aforesaid messuage of the said
Bichard Bruche in the tenure of the said James, and the said mes-
suage, bam, croft, and meadow are now in the tenure of Bichard
Cowper; which [premises] render to the said Peter Legh, knight,
yearly for chief rent, to wit, the before described rend^ yearly
fifteen shillings and six pence.
Chief Bent belonging to the said Peter within the .
TOWN OF LaCHEFORTH.
Hugh Middlehurst holds of the said Peter in capite by mili-
tary service within the town of Lacheforth in the county of Chester
142 DE CAPITALI RBDDITU IN LACHEFORTH.
messuaginm cum orreo et duobns ortis et croftis eidem adjaoeuti-
bus Yocatum Middlehursteshowse jaoens super litus aqusd de Mer-
see videlicet in occidentali latere, quod quidem messuagium cum
orreo et crofto jacent et situautur in latitudine dicti messuagii et
longitudine dictorum ortorum et croftorum inter ortum et in
antiquo tempore messuagium scilicet nunc destructum per cnrsum
aquae prsedictse Willielmi Venables^ de Ooldbume armigeri ex
parte orientali et parvum rivulum currentem per medium dictie
villae de Lacbeforthe ex parte occidentali et extendunt in longitu-
dine dicti messuagii et latitudine dictorum ortorum et croftorum a
terra sive orto jam in lite pendente inter Thomam Radycbe et
bseredes Jobannis Adburgbam infra villam de Lachefortbe prsedicta
modo in tenura Hugonis Smytbe ex parte boreali usque ad parvam
venellam ducentem a villa preedicta usque ad villam de Gropeuball
ex parte australi. Et bsBC preedicta tenentur de dicto Fetro ut de
dominico suo de Gropenball. Quae reddunt de capitali redditu per
annum
^ This WiUiam VenableB was probably the snocessor of the Thomas le Venables
mentioned in the following charter (transcribed from a collection in the possession
of the Bhakerley family). Ego Henricus Torald capellanus remisi Thomas le
Venables filio Hugonis de Venables de Kinderton hseredibus et assignatis suis
totum jus &c. in omnibus terris tenementis redditibus et possessionibns habni ex
done et feoffamento Thomn Barker persons ecclesie de in ciYita(e Cestriai
et [sic in the copy] Latchford juzta Warington. Habend. pnadicto Thoms et
hseredibus suis in perpetuuro, testibus Johanne Walsh, maiore eivitatis Cestris^
Johanne de Cotyngham, et Roberto de Eton tunc vicecomite ciTitatis ejusdem,
Rogero de Coton, Thoma de Waley. Dat. apud Cestriam 19 Hen. VI.
CHIEF RSNT IN LACHEFORTH. 143
one messuage^ with a bam^ two gardens^ and crofts adjoining the
same called Middlehursteshowse^ lying upon the shore of Mersee
water^ to wit^ on the west side ; which messuage^ bam^ and croft
lie and are situate in breadth of the said messuage and in length of
the said gardens and crofts between a garden and the site where of
ancient time stood a messuage which is now destroyed by the course
of the aforesaid water^ belonging to William Yenables of Gold-
bume, esquire, on the east, and a smaU rivulet running through
the middle of the said town of Lacheforth on the west, and extend-
ing in length of the said messuage and in breadth of the said
gardens and crofts from land or a garden now in litigation between
Thomas Radyche and the heirs of John Adburgham within the
town of Lacheforthe aforesaid now in the tenure of Hugh Smythe
on the north as far as a smaU lane leading from the aforesaid town
to the town of Gropenhull on the south. And the aforesaid [pre-
mises] are held of the said Peter as of his demesne of Gropenhall
and render yearly for chief rent
INDEX.
Adborgham, John, 142.
Agincoart, batUe of, 10. 56«
AldeAwell, a field bo eaUed, 74^ 97» 100.
Alta Cameimy maaning of, 26.
Andrew, Sibjl. 18, 20, 68.
Anglesey, a field so called, 112.
Arley, 38.
Arosmythe, John, 16.
Arosmythe, Roger, 6, 18^ 30, 40, 64, 60,
62, 66, 70, 74, 80, 82, 94^ 100, 102,
104,106.
Arosmythe, William, Ixxiv.
Arosmythe, William, 72.
Arpeley, a field so called, 6, 10, 12, 14.
16, 18, 26, 28, 30, 82, 38,48, 60, 62,
64^ 68, 60, 66, 70, 74^ 76, 78» 80, H
97, 98, 114.
Arpeley, the great thorn in, 10, 28, 48,
62, 97, 100.
A«hel^, Georve, ix.
Ashton, Sir Jonn, iz.
A«sheton, Hamo, Irxiv.. 16.
Assheton, Maiy, his wife, 16, 66, 94. 98,
112.
Athnrton, Sir WilHam, z.
Austin Friars, the, 14, 18^ 34, 38, 72, 88^
92.; aceoont of, zzz. — Izriii.
Baff lane, 64^ 96, 102, 106, 108.
Bailey's Dictionary quoted, 28.
Balcarres, Earl of, 16.
Balfronte, Elias, 36.
Balfrunte, Lawrence^ 60.
Balfronte, Margaieti his wife, 60, 62^ 64,
78, 82, 84
Balfronte, Thomas, 18, 28, 32, 34^ 66.
Barbor, Agnes, 4.
Barbor. William, 6, 14^ 26, 6^ 60.
Barbors land, a garden so called, 70,
102.
Barker, Henry, 34.
Barker, Nicholas, 106.
Barker, Thomas, 142.
Baxter, William, 16.
Beast maricet, 60.
Beawsee, 66, 82, 92.
Belle, John, 98.
Bellyn's lande, 104.
Berdisley, Edmond, 64^ 106.
Berdialey, Oliyer, xliy., Izvii., Izziv., 47.
Bewsey tragedy, story of, 86.
Birom, Henry, 10, 1^ 28^ 36, 40, 42, 60,
70,74,84,88,92—94.
Birom, Constance, his wife, 88, 92.
Birom, John, 64L 76, 94.
Blakehorst, WUliam, 42, 62, 108, 110,
114.
Blanche meadow, xIt.
Blore, fight at^ 36.
Bloont's Law jMctionazy qooted, 64.
Blondell family, of Crosby, 42, 84.
BlondeU, Nichohis, 42, 68, 74^ 76, 78,
84—96.102.
Blondell, Richard, of Inoe, 94.
Blondell, Robert, zliy.
Blondell* William, zliy.
BlondeU, W., 94.
Bonke strete, 12, 34^ 36, 38, 64^ 110,
114.
Boteler, Hogh, zliy.
Boteler, Thomas, 47.
Botiller, John, 90, 92.
BotiUer, WiUiam, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, H 16>
IS, 22, 26, 28,30,32,34,86,38,40,
42, 44^ 46, 48, 62, 64, 66, 68, 60, 62,
64.66, 72,76,78,80,82,84^92,94
96, 98, 100, 104, 108, 110, 112, IH
116, 118, 122, 138.
BoydeU &mily, 87, 88, 89, 93.
Bradley, an ancient seat of the Hay-
docKs, described, zziii.
Brandearth, fields so named, Iziii.
146
INDEX.
Bridge, peculiar lue of the word, 90.
Bridge street, 89.
Brokeakyr, 118, 120, 130, 134, 136, 138.
Broke hey, 118.
Brotherton, Mr., of the Hey, zxr.
Bmche brook, 68.
Bmche heath, 68.
Brache her, 98.
Bruohe holte, 108.
Braohe, manor of, 68.
Brache, Peter, 60.
Bmche, Richa^, xzr.
Brache, Richard, 32, 40, 68, 64^ 66— 70,
80, 96, 102, 106. 108, 112, 136, 140.
Braohe, Mai^garet, his ^e, 68.
Braohe, Robert, 20, 22, 26.
BaUyn|(e, Henry, 14, 22 —26.
Burgagiam, meaning of the tenOy 67.
Bartonwood, 2.
Batiller, John, 4, 47.
Batler papers, zuii., xItI.
Butler family, pedigree o^ 4.
Batler, Sir Thomas, zxv., zliii. zliv.,
Izxir. 4, 40 46.
Batler, Sir WilUam', 9id$ Botiller, Wm.
Batler, Nicholas, 6.
Butler, Thomas, zxr.
Butturlache, a field so ealledy 4, 74^ 76.
Butyller, William le, 46.
Byron, Sir Nicholas, of Clayton, 4.
Byron, Alice, his wife, 4.
Gartewriffht, Thomas, 108, 110.
Cawdewiul, John, zIt., zlvi.
Chalon, Robert, 100.
Chaloner, William, 78, 118, 120, 122, 124.
128,130,134^136—138.
Ghetham Library, zzxriii., zlii.
Church land, 78.
CUyeakyr, 118, 122, 138.
Clayton, 4.
Clerk, Roger, the elder, 6.
Clerk, Alice, his wife, 6, 12, 48, 62, 64.
68, 78, 100.
Clerk, Roger, the younger, 8, 18, 6^ 68,
76, 78, 84.
Cooage or Cockhedge, a field so called,
Codnor,4.
Coton, Roger, 142.
Cotyngham. John, 142.
Cowper, Jonn, 8.
Cowper, Richard, 140.
Cowper, William, 118, 120, 122, 126, 128,
130 — 136,138,140.
Crosse ferry, 87.
Crowton, 34.
CrymbuU, the, 66, 82, 114.
Daddefelde, 108.
Dalcarrmedo, 116.
Daniel family, 93.
DanyeU, Thomas, of Tabley, 92.
Dangers, Margaret, iz.
Davidis yorde, an orchard so called, 62.
Dawne, Thomas, 32, 34, 68, 70, 84.
Dernelowe, Thomas, 12.
Deraeluff, Thomas, 84.
Disley chapel, foundation of, ziv.
Doghton, Jolm, 72.
Doffhton, Joan, his wile, 72.
Dokesburye, John. 47.
Done, Sir John, of Utkinton, 34^ 36.
Done, Richard, 34.
Done, Thomas, vide Dawne, Thomas.
Downe house medo, 40, 74^ 82, 96,
98, 100.
Dowresses, ffreat number of, l^iii.
Drayton's Pdyolbion quoteid, 34.
Dumerose^ Annabel, 46. ' .
Dutton, Sur Lawrence, zzziv.
Dutton, Sir Peter, iz.
Dutton, Sir Thomas, zzziii., z^T.
Dychefeld, John, 10, 14, 40,48, 60,62,
66.68,70,104.
Dychefeld, Richard, 16—18, 26.
Dyohefeld, Thomas, 34.
Emmeakyr, 122, 126, 132.
Eton, RobOTt, 142.
Fawkener, Ralph, 104.
Fawreakyr, 132.
Fawreakyr lane, 130.
Ferry at Warrington, 86, 88.
Fidder's ferry, 87.
Fletcher, Richard, 30, 3SL 60.
Fletcher, William, the elder, 60.
Fletcher, William, 14^ 28^ 80—32, 86,
64, 68, 78.
Flodden, battle of, 46.
Foldstead, the, 4^ 22, 80.
Ford oyer the Mersey at Warrington, 86.
Fozlowe, Henry, 22.
Frere medo, 7^ 100.
Frodsham, Lzni.
Fulshagh, John, 2—8. 12, 16, 26, 28,
64^ 68, 60, 78, 80, 98.
Fyssher, Henry, 70, 102.
FTBsher, Catherine, his wife, 96, 102.
INDEX.
147
Fyteheakyr, 104.
Fytchelande, 102, 106.
Gale erofte, 128.
Gale parrok, 126.
Gale sperthe, 128, 132.
Garnet, Henry, 6, 28, 38, 42, 44, 66, 64^
ee, 70, 84, 94, 96, 106, 108, 110, 112,
114.
Garnet, William. 38, 110.
Gate, meaning of, 4.
Gerard, John, 16.
Gerard, Sir Thomas, xzr.
Gerard, William, of Ince, 6,8, 16,18,28,
64,68,64,78—82,98.
Gille land, 84.
Gille, Cecilia, 76.
Gillefylde, a field ao named, 76.
Goldhume, 142.
Gorsty croft, 42.
Gontyakyr, 134^ 136.
Gray, WiUiam, 47.
Great Sankey, 6.
Grey, Lord, of Codnor, 4.
Gropenhall, 142.
Hakynsall, John, 6, 28, 60, 62, 66—68,
80, 82, 114.
Hall Whittle, 6.
Hallamslane, 62, 110.
Hallamswalle [Helen's WeU t], 62, 110,
114.
Halsall, Robert, 47.
Hampole^ Richard, zxzTiii.
Hamonduholme, 114.
Hankeye, 136.
Hardewar, John, 8— 12, 14, 28, 36, 38,
. 48, 60, 62, 64^ 60, 70, 84^ 92.
Haidwar, Richard, 6, 10, 14, 26 — 30,
48,62,64,68,80,98,112.
Hardy, Mr., ziii.
Haryngton, Sir William, Izxiv.
Hatton. Henry, 8, 38, 68 — 60.
Hawarden, Hugo, 71.
Hawarden, Agnes, his wife, 71.
Hawkesegh, Agnes, 34.
Hawrobyn, Heninr, 40, 42, 84.
Hawryd^rnge, 112.
Hay, deriyation and meaning of, 28.
Haydock chauntry, zziz.
Haydock, Gilbert, 47, 82.
Heath street or Hethe street, 60, 62,
64, ^, 74, 80, 82, 102, 108.
Heghe Hadeland, 82.
IIeDehole,98, 114.
Hille, John, 6, 28, 48, 80.
HiUe, Thomas, 82, 96, 98, 100 — 102, 1 12.
Hille, WiUiam, 64, 68, 74, 82, 104^ 106.
Hobbeakyr, 40, 104.
Hoggekynson, Gilbert, 116, 120, 122,
130, 134^ 136.
Hoghton broke, 118, 120, 128, 130, 134^
136, 138.
Holand, Thurstan, 46.
Holbroke, Heniy, 118, 120, 122, 124,
126 — 128, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138.
Holbroke, Richard, 80.
Holbroke, Roger, 8, 10, 12—16, 20, 26,
28,32,48,62,92.
Holbroke, William, 10. 48, 68.
Holcrofte, Sir John, zluc.
Holcrofte, Thomas, zIy., zlvi.
Hole, le, a field so named, 66.
Holeakvr2jl8, 122, 128.
Holland, Thomas, 46.
Holme, Wimam. 62, 66, 70, 76, 110.
Holte, James. 88.
Holte, Isabella, his wife, 88.
Homor plokke, 116.
Horse market, 60.
Howley or Hollay, a field so named, 40,
42,44,46, 64, 66, 68, 70, 76,82,94,
96, 98, 102, 104^ 106, 108, 114.
Howley lane, 40, 44, 66.
Holme. 116.
Hyndeley, Roger, 42, 62, 100.
Hyndeley, Elizabeth, 106.
Inoe, 6 ; when acquired by the (xerards,
16.
Ince land, five acres in Arpeley so
named, 78.
Ince medo, 78.
Ince, Ellen, 16.
Ireland, Sir Thomas, 47, 87.
Ireland, Mr., of Bewsey, 47.
Irpul's erthe, 118, lSi2, 128, 130, 134^
138.
Jamesson, Roger, 96, 106.
KeUnrmargh, Ralph, 12, 40, 42, 44, 66,
98,104.
Kenyan, Roger, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48.
Kirk street or Kyrke street, 40, 47, 62,
64^ 66, 70, 74, 76, 82, 94, 96, 102,
104, 106, 112.
Knutsford, 36.
Kygheley of Inskipp, Ivi.
Kyghley family, 6(>.
148
INDEX.
Kylne house, xlr.
Kyngeley, Nicholas, 42, 78, 84.
Kynffeley, Bohert, 120, 122, 124, 126,
Kyngeley, William, 8, 64^ 66, 64^ 78, 80,
Lache, John, 18, 20, 58.
Lache, WiUiam, 20, 22.
Lacheforth, chief rent in, 140.
Lacheforthe, Henry, 14. 92.
Langton, William, xi., 47, 70.
Latchford, 86.
Lawe, John, 38, 72, 114.
Lawe, Richard, 70.
Lawyers, saying respecting, 110.
Le Fycbe, 66.
Legh pedigree, ix — xv. 39, 68.
Legh, Mabel, will of, xi., xii.
Legh, Margaret, 68.
Legh, Sir Piers, account of his will, xiii. ;
his monument at Win wick, xiv., xv.;
his letters of pardon, xt.
Legh, Peter, 39.
Legh, Ellen, his wife, 39.
Legh, Thomas, of I^me, t., 2, 67.
Lboh, Sir Pbter, &nt., account of, xv. ;
educated at Sefton, xvi.; his mar-
riage, xvii. ; his valour at the battle
of Wakefield, xviii. ; his prudence,
xviii. ; the marriage of his son, xix.,
and grandson, xix. ; his silence on
public eveuts, xxi. ; active as a jus-
tice of the peace, xxii. ; building one
of his principal employments, xxiv. ;
his readiness to go to law, xxv. ; his
religious feeling, xxvi. ; death of his
eldest son, xxvi. ; lus character,
xxviii., and death, xxviii. ; his
lands, &c., in Warrington, 2 ; his
rents, when received, 2; his chief
rents in Warrinrton, 66 ; his lands,
&c., in Overforthe, 116; his chief
rents in Overforthe, 140 ; his chief
rents in Lacheforth, 140 ; his te-
nants, viz :
Andrew, Sibyl, 20.
Arosmy the, Roger, the heir of, 94.
Assheton, Maria, 112.
Birom, Henry, 92.
Blakehurst, William, 108.
Blundell, Nicholas, 84.
Botiller, William, 92.
Bruche, Robert, 22.
Bruche, Richard, 66, 68, 140.
Bullynge, Henry, 22.
Chaloner, William, 136.
Ck>wper, William, 140.
Dawne, Thomas, 68.
Dyohefeld, John, 60.
Dychefeld, Richard, 12.
Fletcher, William, 30, 37.
Foxlowe, Henry, 22.
Fulshagh, John, 2.
Garnet, Henry, 110.
Gerard, WUliam, 78.
Hakynsall, John, 66.
Hardewar, John, 8.
Hardewar, Richard, 26.
Hatton, Henry, 68.
Hille, Thomas, 100.
Hoggekynson, Gilbert, 120.
Holbroke, Henry, 126.
Holbroke, Rog^r, 12.
Holme. William, 62.
Kyngefey, Robert, 124.
Kyngeley, William, 64.
Lache, John, 18.
Lache, William, 20.
Madur, Gilbert, 128.
Mason, Joan, 36.
Middlehurst, Hufl[h, 140.
Mulyngton, William, 48.
Norreis, John, 74.
Parr, Ralph, 104.
Pasmethe, Richard, 64, 82.
Rixton, Randle, 70.
Rysseley, Gilbert, 106.
Smvthe, John, 38.
Sothewurthe, Edward, 42.
Sothewurthe, Gilbert, 112.
Sothum, John, 116.
Sothume, Ralph, 52.
Sothume^ichard, 120.
Swanne, Thomas, ^.
Torfote, Richard, 104.
Leycester, Sir Peter, 92, 93.
Litche, John, 116.
Little Sankey, 24, 33, 46, 47.
Longeforth [Longford], 24, 26, 44, 46,
60.
Longeforthe bridge, 116.
Longehev, 98, 100.
Longe shote, a meadow so named, 80,
138.
Longetre, Lawrence, 72, 118, 122, 128,
130, 134, 138.
Lymme's Hobbeakyr, 40, 104.
Lynch, Sir Thomas, 5.
Lytill Walton Hey, 28.
tND».
149
Madar, Gilbert, 118, 120, 122, 124 128
— 130, 132, 134, 136.
Marburj, Thonuw, 87.
Markethe yate, 60, 62, 92, 110.
Market plaee, 18, 20, 22, 42, 44^ 48, 60,
52,56,160.
Marlet hey, 112.
Mason, Simon, 36, 72.
Mason, Joan, his wife, 36.
Massey, Mr., of Wistaston, 5.
Massy, John, 12, 18, 30, 36, 42, 60.
Massy. Riehard, 42, 62, 74.
Medo bey, 128, 136.
Merbory. John, 134, 136.
Merbory's house, 120.
Merbury's lande, 104, 122, 130.
Mersey, the, 6, 10, 14, 18, 26, 28, 32, 38,
^ 44^ 52, 58, 68, 76, 89, 90, 94,
142 ; called the sea, 40, 42, 46, 86,
98, 100, 114.
Middlehurst, Hugh, 140 — 142.
Middlehurste's house, 142.
Moated houses, freqnent mention of,
lyii.
Molyneux, Thomas, xxy.
Monasteries, &Tourite places of custody
for valuables, xiii.
More, Thomas, xUv.
Morslande, le, 92.
Mulyngton, William, 10, 14,28, 48^50,
52, 66, 58.
Munke, Ellen, 82, 112.
Munke, Heniy, 40, 8^ 94.
Names spelt according to the Scottish
pronunciation, Ixti., Ixvii.
Nantwich, presentment of Warrington
bridge at, 86.
Naylor, Hamund, 16.
Naylor, Joan, his wife, 16, 30, 32, 48, 54^
72,98,100,112.
Newcrofte, 38, 39, 70.
Newgate street, 26, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 68,
70,72,84,86,89,114.
Norreis, John, 6, 46, 47, 50, 74—78, 82,
94.
Norris property, 88.
Norton abbey, 40, 74, 104.
Ooly,Bobert,50.
Old Yordes, le, 12.
Opton, Roger, 46.
Orell, Hugh, iz.
Orell, RobBrt, iz.
Overforthe [Oiford], 2, 47, 84^ 118.
Overforthe, lands and tenements in,
116—138.
Overforthe, chief rent in, 140.
Overforthe fvlde, 118, 120, 124^ 126,
130.
Oyerforthe heath, 120, 124, 126.
Overforthe lane, 140.
Parkefylde, 118, 122, 124, 138.
Parr, Ralph, 10^ 106.
Parrok, piece of land so named, 128.
Pasmethe, John, 40, 64, 74, 76.
Pasmethe, Richard, 54, 68, 60, 64, 74,
82—84, 100, 104, 106, 112, 114.
Patten family, Izvii.
Patun, Richard, 92.
Paynsfeld or Payn's fylde. 118, 138.
Penketh family, zzziz. ; their connexion
with the Butlers, zl.
Penketh, Thomas, account of, zxziz. —
xliii.
Penyplokke, le, 136.
Pole, the, a &mily mansion of the Rix-
tons, 5.
Pepir, Thomas, 40, 104, 106.
Perusson, John^ 4.
Perusson. William, 4.
Peiynsiyide, a field so named, 76.
Pigot, John, 5.
Pigot, Joan, his wife, 5, 6, 10, 12, 18, 28,
30,36,60,112.
Pilot hull, 66, 70.
Pinceme, Henry, 46.
Pinceme, Richard, 46.
Plumtre, Sir WiUiam, xlir., xlyi.
Prat rowe, 40. 42, 44, 48, 50, 54, 66.
Pulforthe, John, 68, 70.
PyghuU, origin and meaning of the
term, 64^ 65.
Pygott, John, iz.
Pyketakyr. 98, 104.
Pykton, Men, 34^ 36.
Quyteakyr, 138.
Radyche, Thomas, 142.
Rawrydinge, the, 66, 70.
Rede erthe, 116, 118, 122.
Ribble, the, 89.
Richai^ the hermit, 89.
Richerop, John, 84.
Riztons of Sankey, their pedigree, 4, 5 1
their arms, 5; fomily seat, 5; sup*
posed aUiance with the Butlers, 5.
Rizton, Matthew, 5, 70, 90.
150
INDBX.
Rixton, Ruidle, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 18, 28, 30,
82, 34, 36, 50, 52, 56, 60, 62, $6, 68,
70—74, 76, 82, 94, 98, 100, 104,
112, 114.
Roby, John, 94.
Rosooe, Mr., of Knutsford, 35.
Roncorn, 87, 88.
Bonninff pump. 111.
Rayl, Henry, 94.
Rayl, Robert, 94.
Ryder, Richard, €6.
Rysseley, Gilbert, 40, 96, 104^ 106 — 108.
RyBseley, Johanna, 106.
Rysshefelde broke, 140.
Sadler. Henry, 92.
Saint Mary's land, 58.
Saint Werburgh's abbey, ziii.
Sale, Margery, 44^ 48.
Sankey, 5, 54.
Sankey maona, Ivi., 2.
Sankey bridge, 22, 24.
Sankey milli^ 32.
Sankey gate or Sonky-gate, 4^ 6, 8, 10,
H 16> 18, 20, 22, 24^ 26, 92.
Sayaffe, Ellen, 39.
SaTiUe, Sir John, 4.
Sawer, Geofi^y, 52.
Sepulchral Stones foand at Warrington,
xlyii. — xlix.
Shakerley family, 142.
Shaw, Randle, zli.
Shelley, quotation from, iy.
Shorteakyr, the.28.
Sibson, Key. Esmond, notice of, Izzyiii.
Silche^ the, 88, 89.
Slawnght. Richard, xliy.
Slygcher lane end. Z8.
Slytcher's lane, 7o.
Smythe, Hugh, 142.
Smythe, John, 38—42, IIC.
Solarium, definition of, 26.
Sonky fiimily, account of, 46, 47.
Bonky, Adam, 46.
Sonl7, Edward, 47.
Sonl^, John, 46, 66, 84, 92, 114.
Sonky, Nicholas, 116.
Sonky, Randle, xliy., 46.
Sonby, Robert, 46.
Sonky, Roger, 46.
Sonky, Thomas, 46, 47.
Sonky, William, 46.
Sonky, Hawys, his wife, 46.
Sotheworthe, Richard, 116, 118, 122,
136.
Sotheworthe, Edward, 42, 44, 58.
Sothewurthe, Gilbert, 12, 13, 82,8^ 108^
110,112 — 114.
Sothum, James, 140.
Sothume, John, 116, 120, 128, 130, 134^
138.
Sothurne, Ralph, 6, 28, 50, 52—56, 58,
60.
Sothume, Richard, 120—122, 124^ 126,
128, 130, 132, 134, 138.
South worth of South worth, £unily of, 12.
Sperthe^name of a piece of land, 132.
Spores, William, 10, 38^ 54, 60, 72, 100.
Spycer, John, 74.
Stanfeld, a place so called, 6, 8, 14^ 30.
Stanley, Thomas, first lord, 4.
Stanley, Sir William, 38.
Sutton, Thomas, ix.
Swanne, Thomas, 30, 32—36.
Swinton, 95.
Tabley, 92.
Tenants, seryioes required from, Ixi.
Tenures, yariety of,lyiii.
Thelwall, 87, 88.
Torald, Henry, 142.
Torboke, Dame Gecill of, xxxyi., xxxyiii.
Torfote family, Ixyii.
Torfote, Richard, 104.
Troutbeck, Adam, 4.
Troutbeck, Marguret, his wife, 4.
Troutbeck, Sir John, 35.
Troutbeck. Sir William, 4, 35.
Turton, Alice, 72.
Twysse, EkLward, 104.
Twysse, Geoffry, 98.
Twysse, John, 42, 54.
Twystes, le, 108.
Tyrehare, John, 96, 108.
Utkinton, 34.
Yenables, Hugo, 142.
Yenables, Thomas, 142.
Yenables, WilliMn, of Goldbume, 142.
Wadynffton, Thomas, 42, 66.
Waley, Thomas, 142.
Walsh, John, 142.
Walton, Alan, 10, 26, 68, 70.
Warburton, Geo&y, of Newcrofte, 38,
70 90 92.
Warburton, Peter, 6, 28, 38^ 39, 56, 62,
90, 106, 108.
Warburton, Ellen, his wife, 39.
INDEX.
151
Warburion, township of, 39.
Warrington, ancient, the religious cha-
racter of, xxix.; Priory of St. Augus-
tine at, XXX. — xlviii. ; discoTerr of
sepulchral stones belonging to,xIyii.
— xHx. ; general appearance and
character of, xlix. — Iv.; its archi-
tecture, 1., li.; its roads, liv.; its
streets, Iv. ; Talue of land, &c., in,
Ix.; enclosures in, bdii.; different
measures of land in^ Ixiv.; list of
family names in, bay. — Ixvi.; list
of fields, places, and buildings in
and near, Ixyiii. — Ixxii. ; charac-
ter of the shops in, Ixxiii. ; list of
trades, &c., in, Ixxiy., Ixxt. ; list of
plants cultiyated in, Ixxv., Ixxvi. ;
list of animals in^ Ixxri. : names for
different quantities of land in,
Ixxyi., Ixxvii.
Warrington bridge, early history of,
86 — 91
Warrington' heath, 10, 14, 18, 20, 24,
27, 32, 44, 46, 48, 50, 68, 62, 04, 78,
82,84,108,114,116,140.
Warrington high church, 40, 42, 58, 60,
62, 66, 70, 92, 96, 102, 106, 108, 110.
Warrington museum, xIt., zlvii.
Warrington rectory, 42, 48, 62, 76.
Warrington windmfll, 58, 78, 82, 84.
Warthe, le, 10.
Wash, the, 86.
Webster, John, 6, 12, 18, 30, 36, 60.
Webster, Robert, 3t, 72.
Weteakyrs, a place so named, 6, 18, 28,
54, 60, 98.
Whalley abbey, 74, 94^ 95.
Whalley €k>ucher Book, xxxiii., xzzyiii.,
64, 94, 95.
White Cross, the, 22.
Wilderspool bridge. 87.
Wilkynson, John, 8, 10, 22, 52.
Winwick, 56, 78.
Wistaston,5.
Witefeld, Kobert, 46.
Wode, John, 18, 42, 44, 60, 106, 110.
Wodecok, Henry, 6, 28, 52, 92.
Wroe, le, of Arpeley, 10.
Wulstone, 42, ^ 108.
Wulstone broke, 68.
Wylme, Thomas, 40.
^nyngton, Jolm, 28, 34^ 48,58, 74^ 76,
Wynyngton, Richard, 4, 10, 26, 28, 30,
32, 54^ 58, 76, 100.
C3ft( IIMIr.
Mandiester :
Printed by Charles Simxas and Co.
This book should be returned to die
Libiary on or before the last date stamped
below.
A fine of five cents a day is incurred by
retaining it beyond the specified time.
BMirifetnin promptly.
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