Watson's Magazine
Entered as second-class matter January 4, 1911. at the Post Office at Thomson, Georgia.
Under the Met of March 3, 1879.
ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR <~* TEN CENTS PER COPY
Vol. XXV. MAY, 1917 No. 1
CONTENTS
BY THE EDITOR
KING HENRY VIII., HIS WIVES AND HIS CHILDREN.
SKETCHES OF CONTEMPORANEOUS KINGS. QUEENS, AND POPES 3
EDITORIAL NOTES _, 52
THE WOMAN OF BABYLON, Jos. Hocking 19
FEMALE CONVENTS DePolter 39
NOW— A Poem Ralph M. Thomson 18
Published Monthly by THE JEFFERSONIAN PUBLISHING COMPANY, Thomson, Ga.
Watson's Magazine
Entered as second-class matter January 4, 1911, at the Post Office at Thomson, Georgia,
Under the Met of March 3, 1879.
ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR — TEN GENTS PER COPY
Vol. XXV. MAY, 1917 No. 1
GONTENTS
BY THE EDITOR
KING HENRY VIII., HIS WIVES AND HIS CHILDREN.
SKETCHES OF CONTEMPORANEOUS KINGS, QUEENS, AND POPES 3
EDITORIAL NOTES., 52
THE WOMAN OF BABYLON, Jos. Hocking 19
FEMALE CONVENTS DePotter 39
NOW— A Poem Ralph M. Thomson 18
Published Monthly by THE JEFFERSONIAN PUBLISHING COMPANY, Thomson, Ga.
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Watson's Magazine
THOS. E. WATSON, Editor
Vol. XXV
MAY, 1917
No. 1
King Henry VIII., His Wives, and His
Children.
Sketches of Contemporaneous Kings, Queens,
and Popes, //r
IT is necessary that we should now
take a general survey of the Con-
tinental countries, so far as their
progress bears upon that of England.
Dr. William Robertson's "History of
the Reign of the Emperor Charles V."
is prefaced by a long, learned, and
masterly chapter on the General pro-
gress of Society in Europe; and from
this source I will draw such facts as
may add special interest to my own
narrative.
Dr. Robertson says : "If a man were
called to fix upon the period in the
history of the world during which the
condition of the human race was most
calamitous and afflicted, he would with-
out hesitation name that which elapsed
from the death of Theodosius the Great
to the establishment of the Lombards
in Italy."
(Page 12 of Introductory Chapter
"Charles V.")
As Theodosius died in 395, and the
Lombard kingdom of Alboin was
erected in Italy in 571, this darkest
period of human history lasted 170
years of the Christian era.
Naturally, the question suggests it-
self, "Was there ever a bright and
happy period of human existence, and
if so, when?
In almost the same words used by
Robertson, the historian Gibbon says:
"If a man were called to fix the period
in the history of the world, during
which the condition of the human race
was most happy and prosperous, he
would, without hesitation, name that
which elapsed from the death of Domi-
tian to the accession of Commodus."
(Gibbon's Rome, 1:95.)
As Domitian was assassinated in the
year 96, and Commodus ascended the
throne in 180, this happiest human era
embraced less than a century: and the
philosopher must be pardoned for
gently smiling, as he notes the fact,
that the brightest period of human his-
tory fell to the Pagans, and the
gloomiest to the Christians.
Of course, the defenders of our
modern systems of government have
lustily contended, that the "barbarians"
who broke in upon the Roman empire,
are responsible for the Dark Ages.
These Goths, Huns, Vandals, Bur-
gundians, Magyars, Bulgarians, and
Franks had strong, broad backs, and
the modern writers have laid burdens
upon them, heavily. But it is an awk-
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
ward thing to admit, that the darkness
set in with the death of Theodosius the
Great, the first priest-ridden monarch
-who allowed the Roman prelates to
ride him. all the gaits.
It was ho who elevated the Nicene
creed on the point of his spear, and
compelled all Christians to bow down
to it. It was he who outlawed religious
opinions different from his own, and
unleashed the hell-hounds of orthodox
fury against "heretics."
This imperial Inquisitor was the
lineal forerunner of Pope Innocent
III., of Cardinal Ximines, of Torque-
mada, of the Duke of Alva, of Cathe-
rine do Medici, of Bloody Queen Mary.
of Philip II., and of Ferdinand II. of
Austria.
As all students of history know, the
Dark Ages were the ages of "Faith."
The barbarians had all embraced
Christianity, some by choice and some
from necessity. Clovis was converted
by his wife, and he converted other
tribes by his -word. Charlemagne ex-
tended Christianity, as Theodosius had
done; and the Saxons chose Christi-
anity, with life, rather than heathen-
ism, without it.
The Avars, obstinate in their pagan-
ism, were exterminated by the chief-
tains who said they loved Christ.
The mental delusions which be-
numbed the human mind during the
Dark Aires, were not of barbaric origin.
No!
The barbarian was. first of all. A
free Man: and while he had the primi-
tive instincts of the wild animal, he
was not infested with the mental ver-
min that breed in monasteries. The
barbarian lived in the open, loved
liberty; blazed his way, with natural
passions, through the wilderness of
natural life: and he gave evidence, in
speech, deeds, mode of government, and
manner of associating with his fellow-
man, that he followed the law of his
nature.
It cannot be denied that the barba-
rians hated slavery, and were impa-
tient of unnatural bonds of any kind.
They could not even be disciplined for
war. They met in tumultuous open
assemblies, where speech was free, and
where sounds of applause, or of dis-
approval, broke out noisily. The tribal
congress was called The Field of
March, or The Field of May, according
to the time of annual assembly; and
the very name "Field" indicates its
open, general, democratic character.
They chose their leaders for their mili-
tary expeditions; and they chose their
rulers in civil affairs. The king was
never absolute. The voice of the people
was heard in the council, and this coun-
cil curbed the king.
With remarkable unanimity, all the
authorities, from Tacitus to Grotius,
agree on this vital, controlling fact.
Julius Caesar, deeply impressed by it,
wrote, that the government of the
Gauls was so constituted that, while
the king had power over his people.
they also had power over him. (Caesar's
Gallic War: book 5.)
It was fundamental among the un-
written laws of the "barbarians," that
no free man could be deprived of his
liberty, save by his own consent; that
new burdens could not be placed upon
him, except by the majority of the as-
sembly; and that no law could be arbi-
trarily changed.
Grotius reminds us that the Gothic
laws did not, like the Roman, depend
upon the will of the Prince, but were
made by the joint act of Prince and
People !
Grotius mentions three great advan-
tages, incident to this system: (1) That
nothing hurtful to the public can be
hid, where there are so many who t a la-
part; (2) That the Law, being made
by common consent, is freely obeyed ;
(3) That the laws so made are never
altered without great cause. (Grotii
proleg. ad hist, de rebus Gothicis, pag.
65.)
The Coronation Oath, itself, is a
monument to the care of our ancestors
for the preservation of their liberties,
since it dates back to very remote ages,
and invariably pledged the king to tin
laws.
Thus in the year 877, Louis the
Stammerer, great-grandson of Charle-
magne, swears that, "He will keep the
Laws and Statutes unto his People
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
which were made by the Common
( 'ouncil of his subjects"
The Danes, Swedes, Goths, Angles,
Saxons, Franks, Slavs, Huns, Vandals,
Burgundians, Heruli, Gauls, and Lom-
bards were all alike, in respect to the
great overshadowing principle of popu-
lar power. Differing in manners and
customs, they were absolutely agreed
in the essential fact, that the people
were the source of Sovereignty, and
that the Law was above the Prince.
Inundating the Roman Empire, these
hardy barbarians came into collision
with Roman arms, and beat them down;
but, coming into collision with Roman
iJ< as, were at length overcome, by
Romanized Christianity. The long,
bitter, and sanguinary struggle, is
really the secret of the Dark Ages.
During these centuries when the Ro-
man Catholic idea was predominant, the
light fled from the world, and mankind
groped : as the primitive barbaric ideas
of the Independence of the Individual,
and the Supremacy of the People, be-
gan to gain the ascendant, modern civi-
lization had its birth.
It was at the beginning of the
seventh century, that the Bishop of
Rome obtained from the Eastern Em-
peror, Phocas, the title of Universal
Pope; and it was early in the 8th, that
Pope Zacharias authorized Pippin of
France to dethrone Childeric III., the
last of the Merovigian Kings.
As Mayor of the Palace, an office
which had become hereditary in his
family. Pippin really had the royal
power, as his father and grandfather-
had had it; therefore, when he pro-
pounded to Zacharias the famous
question, Whether he who had the royal-
power, should not be king in nrnne, the
Pope's answer gave ecclesiastical sanc-
tion to what was going to happen, any-
way. But the precedent of papal ap-
proval, sought and obtained, was set ;
and it had momentous consequences.
Pippin's son. Charlemagne, found the
Pope useful to him, also; and there
were favors, back and forth, until that
epoch-making day, Christmas 800,
when the monarch, kneeling in prayer,
within the church at Rome, felt a crown
placed upon his head. Pope Leo III.
had crowned him Emperor of the West.
This was the papal reward to the
irresistible sword that had conquered
the idolatrous Saxons, the pagan
Avars, and the anti-Catholic Lombards.
(Duruy's "Middle Ages," page 130.)
It is possible that neither Leo nor
Charlemagne realized that this act of
crowning meant revolutionary changes
in the history of Europe.
The Emperor was confident in his
strength, and he continued to rule both
Church and State with a strong hand;
but it is strange that he never suspected
that a time might come, wdien the Pope
would be a masterful man, and the king
a weakling.
Charlemagne went his imperial way.
conquering vast domains, and present-
ing to his friend, the Pope, those terri-
tories which he and his father had
wrested from the Lombards.
(This was the true beginning of the
Temporal Power: the so-called "Dona-
tion of Constantine" was one of the
numerous papal fictions and forgeries.)
A rancorous dispute over the worship
of images sprang up in the Catholic
church; and this dispute was the cause
of chaotic disorders, and bloodshed,
in the Eastern Empire. In the West.
Charlemagne took jurisdiction of the
question, decided it differently from
the Pope, and the Pope meekly obeyed
the Emperor! (Duruy's "Middle
Ages," page 134.)
But Charlemagne's sons and grand-
sons were as weak as he had been
strong, and the Popes began to fudge.
Inch by inch, the church encroached
upon the state; and every time the
Pope put out a candle, among the rights
of State, he called upon mankind to
witness, that he did it for the glory of
God.
The grandsons of Charlemagne being
at war with their meek and priest-rid-
den old father, it was a halcyon perio I
for the Roman church.
Finally, there came upon the scene
another Pippin, having the power, but
not the name of king; and so Hugh
Capet took the crown, by leave of th<
Pope.
Silvester II. piously announced—
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
"Lothaire is kino; only in name; IIu;-'
has not the title, but is king both in
deeds and in very fact;" and conse-
quently the sons of Charlemagne gave
way forever to a power which had been
raised by the great Emperor and his
father. (087.)
Those who are familial- with the
French Revolution of 1789, will remem-
ber that the deposed Louis XVI. was
addressed by the revolutionists, as
"Louis Capet:" this was his family-
name, relating hack to this usurping
Hugh, who was nothing but the "Duke
of France'1 — until a usurping pope
dubbed him "King" — just as the am-
bitious Pippin had lx?en nothing but
the "Mayor of the Palace," before he
and the pope agreed that he should
filch the royal title.
The phenomenal advance in the
power of the Papacy — so different from
the teachings of the Apostles Peter and
Paul and of Christ, himself — was based
by the encroaching popes of Rome upon
the Isidorean Decretals, "a collection
of forged letters and Papal ordinances
which had been compiled in France in
defence of the interests of the clergy.
These documents were employed for
the purpose of securing to the Pope a
kind of dictatorship over all the princes
of the earth, and this naturally set him
at strife with the Imperial party and
with the Emperor himself." (Villari's
"Medieval Italy," page 81.)
The Isidorean Decretals are now uni-
versally admitted to have been for-
geries: for hundreds of years, no Cath-
olic author has contended that they
were anything else; but they were not
questioned when first published, and
they continued to be the unchallenged
authority of usurping priests, during
those ages of faith which they did so
much to darken.
Upon no other foundation than
these impudent and clumsy forgeries
did the Papacy rear its monstrous im-
posture, whose every material asser-
tion of church supremacy over the
states was palpably in conflict with
what Christ had said when he com-
manded his immediate priests to pay
Caesar' 's taxes!
The two Apostles upon whom the
Roman chunh pretended to build its
organization, had most positively and
explicitly written a wholly different
doctrine from that of the Isidorean
Decretals: but the Bible was secreted
within a few monasteries, not many of
the besotted priesthood could read it.
and none of the laity was allowed
access to it.
Therefore, the Isidorean forgeries
marched onward, triumphantly, over-
throwing ancient landmarks; casting
the baleful shadow of Superstition over
European lands; penalizing intel-
lectual growth; outlawing independent
inquiry; classing Doubt as a heinous,
unpardonable crime; and burning the
mental explorer at the stake.
No wonder that the monk beguiled
the tedium of his monotonous life in
the monastery, by erasing a "Pagan"
classic, and scribbing upon the scarce
and precious parchment an edifying
story of a Saint, who slew a dragon by
squirting holy water on its tail.
Buttressed by the forged Decretals,
the popes of Rome clothed themselves
with the supernatural terrors of the
Almighty: they were Kings of kings,
and lords of lords: they gave and they
took away.
Did the pope frown? Did he utter
words of wrath? Did he launch
thunderbolts of interdict and excom-
munication? Did he curse the offend-
ing monarch and his realm?
y Then was the sun darkened. An
awed hush fell upon the land. Sounds
of gladness could not be heard, for no
man dared to be gay when the Papa
was out of humor.
The bells did not ring; there was no
service at the church — and what could
priest-ridden humanity do on Sunday,
when the church was closed?
The new-born babe could not be
named : it had to remain the anony-
mous infant of terrified parents, until
the frowning face of Papa at Rome
cleared up.
There could be no giving in mar-
riage: ardent lovers who had set the
day must needs postpone it, and take
such measures on the sly as nature made
somewhat compulsory.
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
X
Not until Papa's ill humor passed,
could there be a valid wedding — with
song, incense, bell-ringing, fees, &c. —
in the church.
The sick languished without priestly
consolation. No holy water, no holy
prayers, no holy oils, no holy candles,
and all the rest of it — at so much per
item — could be had at the bedside of
the dying, because the Papa was wroth
with his children.
And the dead — what was to be done
with the dead? They could not be
given Christian burial, while the land
lay under the interdict. No priest
dared to officiate: no "consecrated
ground" could be used. Poor Catholic
corpse ! it had to lie and rot, where its
breath of life left it; or it had to be
privily put away in some mere piece
of common ground, which had never
been blessed and consecrated by Papa's
church.
As to the excommunicated King, his
lot was doleful, indeed: he suddenly
found himself abandoned, and re-
garded with horror. The Papa had
found fault with him: the Papa had
ordered him to do something that he
had not done at all, or had been too
slow in doing: therefore, the Papa had
most righteously cursed him — cursed
him in his head, heart, soul, and every
member — cursed him, from his head to
his feet — cursed him in his loins, in his
bowels, and in his genitals !
With horrible detail and satanic
malignanc}', the Papa had cursed the
King, and had damned his soul, for-
ever.
Hence, no good Catholic must serve
him. or be caught in his company. He
must be left alone, until paralyzed by
the isolation which froze his veins in
his own palace.
He must not have the companionship
of his own wife: his children must de-
sert him, else they would share the
awful anathema of Rome.
Is it any wonder that the stoutest
monarchs, who never felt fear upon the
field of battle, should quake and quail.
when threatened with papal interdict
and excommunication ?
How queer are one's sensations, when
he remembers that all this fearful, de-
grading, calamitous, damnable business
icas absolutely forbidden in the Nt w
Testament, had no footing in the Old.
but grew out of Papal ambitions and
forgeries!
The Dark Ages were not due to the
hardy, rational, freedom-loving bar-
barians, who chose death rather than
dishonor, who made adultery a capital
crime, and whose respect for woman-
hood drew the wondering admiration
of the Roman historians. No! The
Dark Ages were due to the suppression
of the Bible, and to the supremacy of
the violent, unscrupulous, insatiable
pope !
The climax was reached when the
Emperor Henry IV. of Germany
humbled himself before Pope Gregory
VII., and stood three days, barefooted
in the snow outside the castle-gates at
Canossa, waiting until the haughty
"Vicar of Christ" relented, and signi-
fied his willingness for the state to
come into the Papal presence and be
forgiven by the church.
This memorable triumph of the priest
over Csesar took place in the year 1077.
less than 500 years after Bishop Boni-
face had trafficked for and obtained
the title of Universal Bishop, and had
commanded that the name of "Pope."
heretofore used by all bishops, should
be his own title, exclusively.
So long as a hateful idea remains
a theory, with no physical exhibition
of its hatefubiess. it may escape physi-
cal opposition ; but the scene at Canossa
was just such a displa}^ of Papal ar-
rogance as was calculated to present an
object-lesson to the dullest minds. The
mental picture of the German Emperor,
stripped of his imperial robes, clad in
the scant garb of the penitent, with the
snow beating upon his bare head, and
the ice covering his bare feet, for three
days, while the "Vicar of Christ," sat
at his ease within the Castle, feasting
with his alleged paramour, the notori-
ous Countess Matilda — here was a
physical illustration of a hateful theory
that was almost certain to render it
intensely odious to all men whose souls
had not been utterly unmanned by
popery. _ ... . | -
8
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
Not only in the Emperor's own feel-
ings, but in those of the Catholics
generally, a deep revulsion set in. im-
mediately following the Canossa epi
sode, and the army of the State forced
the church to call for help to the Nor-
mans and the Mohammedans/ The im-
perial troops drove the pope out of
Rome and he took refuge among the
Normans of Southern Italy, where he
died of rage and shame.
On the part of the State, the strug-
gle was continued under the German
emperors, notably by Frederick Bai
barossa, and by Frederick II., surnamed
"The Wonder of the World."
Finally, a settlement wras reached
(1122) and was reduced to written
terms in the Concordat of Worms.
In substance, the victory remained
with the State: priests were compelled
to obey the laws of the Empire, and to
render allegiance to the sovereign for
whatever lands held in feudal tenure.
To the pope remained spiritual su-
premacy, infinitely less than the Isido-
rean Decretals claimed, bat exactly the
same that Christ claimed. (Duruy's
".Middle Ages," pages 243 and 4.)
During this long and sanguinary
struggle between Church and State, the
popes had set up the Inquisition in
Italy; (1129) and had launched the aw-
ful Albigensian Crusade against the
independent and literary people of
Southern France, where filthy monks
were despised, and mental culture fos-
tered.
The songs of the troubadours werfe
stilled in death; and over all that fair
region of peace, plenty, and human
joy-of-living, Pope Innocent III. swept
the besom of war, which spared neither
age nor sex, blending in one common
burial of blood the father and the son,
the mother and her babe.
"Kill them all !" shouted the pope's
legate, when asked how the soldiers
were to separate the Catholics from the
heretics, in a captured city : "Kill them
all ! God will know which are His
own." (See Duruy's "Middle Ages,"
p. 294.)
It was this same Pope Innocent III.
who laid the "Curse of Home" upon the
Great Charter of our Liberties, and
"dispensed" the perfidious King John
who had SWOrn to abide bv it. I L215.)
Duruy's "Mid, II, Ages," p. SS6.
V Previous to this, a Catholic monk,
named Arnold of Brescia, preached in
favor of reason, as against authority;
and he demanded tht separation of
church and State. He was the first of
the medievals who ventured to question
the government of the priests, in Italy;
and to advocate the re-establishmenc of
democratic republics.
What reply did the Papa make to
this devout but independent monk \
The Catholic monk- was burnt to ashes
at the stake, by Papa's command!
(See Duruy's "Middle Ages," pgs.
248-9.)
N^ The decisive battle between the me-
dieval church and the medieval state
was fought to a finish between the
French King, Philip the Fair, and the
pope who took the name of Boniface
VIII. It commenced on the question of
taxation. Should the Roman priests
own and enjoy enormous wealth in
France without paying taxes on it?
"Yes!" cried the pope.
"No!'' answered the King.
And so the issue was joined, and
neither potentate would give way 10 the
other.
During the controversy, the pope
published the extreme papal preten-
sions, not at all suspecting that the
world had grown impatient of them,
owing to facts which I will relate
further on in my narrative.
Boniface declared that it was neces-
sary to the salvation of every human
creature that he should be the subject
of the pope; and he addressed Philip
in the following mildly admonitory
words of truly Christlike meekness:
"God has placed us, unworthy though
we be, over kings and kingdoms, in
order that we shall root out, destroy,
disperse, edify, and plant in nis name
and by his doctrine. Do not allow
yourself to think that you have no
superior, and that you are not subject
to the head of the ecclesiastical hier-
archy. Whoever thinks this, is a mad-
man; whoever supports him in it, is a
heretic." (Duruy, pgs. 375 and 6.)
Thus the pope, with characteristic
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
papal humility, professed himself to be
a worm of the <lnst and the supreme
lord of kings — an unworthy person, in
himself, but God Almighty, by virtue
of his office !
King Philip the Fair met the pope
with aggressive obstinacy, repelled his
absurd Isidorean pretensions, heaped
scorn upon his vainglorious titles, scur-
rilously jeered at him in other titles
which were shockingly irreverent; and,
in modern parlance, may be said to
have told the Papa to go to h — 11 !
Then the fight was on; and the
French monarch knew how to fight, as
well as he knew how to wrrite. He chose
as his chief agent, in the physical cam-
paign, the grandson of a man wdiom
Pope Innocent III. had caused to be
burnt at the stake, during the Albigen-
sian Crusade. This was William de
Nogaret, a lawyer of Southern France.
After King Philip had publicly
burned the pope's "bull" — as Luther
did long afterwards — he sent William
of Nogaret, at the head of a military
force, to arrest the insolent pope!
The lawyer made the arrest, and one
of the Italian princes, Colonna, dragged
him out of his chair and struck him,
denouncing him bitterly the while.
However, Nogaret seemed uncertain
what to do with the wretched old man ;
and while he hesitated, the devout
Catholics of the vicinity ran to arms,
and rescued the prisoner. Fearing
poison, and overcome with impotent
wrath, as well as remediless mental
suffering, the aged priest soon expired.
(See Duruy's "Middle Ages." Page
375 and those following.)
Thus fell, after 200 years of arrogant
power, the monstrous papal claims,
founded upon the most impudent for-
gery known to the annals of mankind.
But while, in fact, papal supremacy
was overthrown by Philip the Fair, in
1.300, the Roman church continued to
assert its theories, and continued its
(efforts to put them into practise.
We have already seen how these
Isidorean claims affected the history of
England, especially during the reign
of King John, and how Henry VIII.
at length made the same fight wjiirh
had been successfully made by Philip
the Fair.
When we contemplate the simple life
and the entire absence oi worldly am-
bition of Christ and his Apostles, we
are filled with amazement at the con-
trast presented by the Papacy of the
Roman Catholic church.
In the times of Jesus, John, James,
Peter, and Paul, there was a very plain
mark of division between God and
Csesar; and the words of the Master,
as well as the writings of Paul and
Peter, taught Christians to obey the
civil laws and the civil magistrates of
whatever country in which they hap-
pened to be.
From lid to lid of the Bible, and
more particularly in the New Testa-
ment, not one verse can be drawn, with-
out violence to the context, in support
of a church which dominates the civil
law and the secular government.
"Render unto Csssar the things that
are Caesar's!" Pay your tax, just as
any other citizen of the Roman Empire
pays his: thus spoke Christ, and thus
he acted.
But the immediate successors of the
bishop who had slipped a crowm on to
Charlemagne's head, and who claimed
to have thus "restored the Empire of
the West," usurped the authority to
dispose of the crown at their own
pleasure.
In this manner, the Pope became both
God and Csesar, blotting out the mark
of separation which Christ himself had
verbally traced, and which Paul ancJ
Peter so carefully re-marked.
But how could Christians in general
be aware of what Jesus had said ? How
could the Catholic laity know what
Peter and Paul had written? The Bible
was hidden away from mankind, and
not a single voice in Christendom cried
out against Papal usurpation.
Were the Popes so much wiser, purer,
and stronger than the Kings? Is that
the explanation of the astounding phe-
nomenon of popish supremacy? If not.
what is the explanation? How did the
priests manage to arrest the growth of
{he free, democratic principles and in-
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*
X
stitutions of the "barbarians?"' How
were the germs of popular rights her-
metically sealed, in clerical canons and
customs? How is it that the historian
who really studies his subject is forced
to admit, that every precious principle
of modern civilization — every jewel of
civil and religious Liberty, is a survival
and expansion of the primitive, unwrit-
ten laws and customs of those much-
belabored "barbarians?"
The Apostle Peter had written to
"the strangers scattered throughout
Pontus. Gralatia, Oapadocia, Asia, and
Bithynia," as follows:
"Submit yourselves to every ordi-
nance of man, for the Lord's sake:
whether it be to the King, as supreme,
or unto governors, as unto them that
are sent by him for the punishment of
evil doers, and for the praise of them
that do well. For so is the will of God*
&c. (I Peter 2: 13, 14, 15.)
And Peter, who never dreamed that
he was Universal Bishop, Prince of
Apostles, and God's only visible per-
sonification on earth, wrote, again —
"I, who also am an elder, exhort the
elders which are among you." saying to
my brother elders, "Feed the flock of
God which is among you. taking over-
sight thereof, not by constraint" (force
or compulsion) "but willingly, not for
■filthy lucre . but of ready mind; neither
as being lords over GoeVs heritage, but
being examples to the flock." (I Peter
1 : 1, 2, 3. I have transposed the words
of the first verse, to make them clearer.
The Italics are mine.)
The Apostle Paul had written to Ti-
tus, instructing him as to the duties ot
Christian bishops, each of whom was
supposed to be "the husband of one
wife, having faithful children."
"Put them in mind to be subject to
principalities and powers, to obey
magistrates," &c. (Titus 3: 1. Italics
mine.)
Paul's very plain commands to
Bishop Titus — written at a time when
Peter was doing missionary work
among the Jews of Babylonia and
when there was no Bishop at Rome —
are in exact accord with what Peter
himself wrote to the Hebrews scattered
throughout the Provinces of Asia Mi-
nor, and with the words of Christ when
he was Jesuit ical ly asked about the pay-
ment of taxes to the imperial head of
the State.
Let us now turn to the words of the
priest, Ililderhrand. whose tortuous and
criminal course had at last led him to
the coveted throne of the Papacy.
Writing to the Christian bishops of the
11th century, he said :
"Deign now, I pray you, most holy
Fathers and Lords, to make known to
the whole world that, as you can both
bind and loose in Heaven, so also on
earth you have power to deprive of, and
to bestow upon, every man, according
to his deserts, all worldly things, be
they honors, empires, kingdoms, princi-
palities, duchies, marquessates, earl-
doms, and any other possessions whatso-
ever.
Since you are judges of spiritual
matters, how great must be your power
in merely temporal things!
Since you judge the very angels who
have dominion over proud princes, what
can you not do with those princes, their
slaves?
Let the kings and rulers of this world
learn today the greatness of your au-
thority."
Referring to the dethronement of the
Emiperor of Germany, Henry IV.,
Pope Gregory adds:
"Let your judgment then be accom-
plished upon this Henry, so promptly,
that all the world may see and ac-
knoAvledge that he falls, not by chance,
but by your power!"
(Done at Rome, March 7, 1080. "The
Day of the Nones of March. Indiction
III.")
Upon what ground was this Emperor
of Germany deposed by the head of
the Christian church, West?
Was it for crimes and vices, murders
and rapes, forgeries and seductions,
drunkenness and neglect of his duties?
No ! The very terms of the furious
decree which Pope Gregory launched
against him show, that he wag de-
throned for "disobedience!"
In the rancorous language which has
made papal curses famous for their
verbal diabolism, the enraged priest
wrote —
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11
"I excommunicate and curse Henry
.... I depose him from the Kingdom
of Germany and the government of
Italy, and strip him of all regal power
and dignity. I forbid any Christian to
obey him as his King, and I absolve
from their oaths those who may have
sworn, or who may hereafter swear,
fealty to him. May he, with all his
supporters, be impotent in battle," &c.
Then the head of the church of Christ
proceeds, in words, to give to Rudol
of Swabia the crown and government
that had been taken from the lineal,
hereditary heir, Henry IV. !
Here was a fine growth of ecclesiasti-
cal power, since the days 01 lJeter and
Paul; since the days when Constantine
summoned the bishops to General
Council ; since the days when Charle-
magne overruled the Pope in matters of
worship; since the days when the Ger-
man emperors — the troubles at Rome
having temporarily depressed the
Papacy — nominated the Popes, and
even placed a German upon the Papal
throne !
With that key in his hands, is there
any intelligent student who cannot un-
lock the dread mystery of the Dark
Ages? With that clue, can there be
any doubt as to the guilt ?
No such monster as that created in
the brains of Roman bishops, frenzied
with pride and ambition, had ever be-
fore been loosed upon the human race.
One man, to act as both God and
King, church and state — what could
such a foul union of actual sordid am-
bition with pretended Christian piety
do, except give birth to ages of strife,
chaos, bloodshed, and grewsome super-
stitions— ages which were Dark, because
classic literature had been destroyed;
secular schools closed; secular minds
paralyzed; secular princes reduced to
servitude; secular peoples oppressed;
the Labor's millions enslaved ; and
Woman dishonored, as the foul vessel
that had brought sin into the world \
One of the immediate results of the
preposterous claims of Pope Gregory
VII. was, that he felt compelled to call
for help upon the Normans and the
"Infidel" Saracens ; and these foreigners
came into the Eternal City as con-
querors of Italian Christians.
The head of the church of Christ,
West, had gone so mad with pride and
ambition, that lie was unconscious of
the enormity of what he was doing.
Lest you think I exaggerate, let me
quote the lines in which another histo-
rian pictures the awful consequences « i
the Pope's insane usurpation: the quo-
tation is from pages 231 and 2 of Dr.
Arnold Jobson Mathew's "Life and
Times of Hildebrand, Pope Gregory
VII."
The troops of Robert Guiscard —
"Christian" Normans and "pagan" Sara-
cens alike — spread through the city, treat-
ing it with all the cruelty sunered toy a
captured town, pillaging, violating, mur-
dering wherever they met with opposition.
A large part of the old City between the
Colosseum and the church of St. John
Lateran was burnt, and the Colosseum was
partially destroyed. The Saracens, who
had been foremost in the pillage, were now
foremost in the conflagration and massa-
cre. No religious house was secure from
plunder, murder and rape. Nuns were
violated, matrons forced, and the rings
cut from their living fingers. Besides
those murdered, thousands of Romans,
both men and women, their hands tied
behind their backs, were made to defile
before Guiscard's host, and then sold as
slaves; some of them were taken away to
Calabria and sold "like Jews," as a chroni-
cler writes. "It is probable that neither
Goth nor Vandal,' writes Milman, "neither
Greek nor German brought such desolation
on the city as this capture by the Nor-
mans. From this period dates the deser-
tion of the older part of the city, and its
gradual extension over the site of the
modern city, the Campus Martius."
New Rome is built in the valley, on the
banks of the Tiber, upon the l'rata Neronis
where Henry IV. encamped. The heights
about the Lateran have remained almost
silent and deserted, while the traces of
the passage of the Normans are still visi-
ble, and the undulations of the ground
Cover, while they still indicate, the out-
lines of ancient Rome. In his history of
Milan, Landulf, an enemy of Gregory's,
points the bitter and amazing contrast be-
tween the Pope himself — the Vicar of
Christ on Earth — and the Pope's deliverer
and allies; and lays all to Gregory's charge
— filiis mali chrismatis, filiabus pejus con-
secratis; the baptism of blood for Rome's
sons, the infamous laying-on of hands for
her daughters; while Paul of Bernried, a
Gregorian, passes over the horrors of the
time of silence. Bonitho goes further in
his Gregorian sympathies, and relates and
12
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
triumphs over the Normans vengeance,
and with unprecedented callousness sug-
gests that these unfortunate Romans de-
served their fate — to be sold like Jews —
because, like the Jews, they had betrayed
their Pastor!
So great was the misery in Rome that
Gregory dared not trust himself in tne city
without his foreign guard. As Robert
Guiscard wished to leave Rome and with-
drew all his troops from the city, the only
course left to Gregory was to depart also
in the company of the Norman duke, tie
left the smoking ruins and desolated
streets, and travelled first to Monte Cas-
sino, and thence to Salerno. To Rome he
never returned; death c'ame slowly upon
him at Salerno.
The preliminary sketch printed as
an introduction to the monumental
"History of the Popes," by the
Catholic, Louis M. DeCormenin, is so
well done, that I give it here, as a light
from a Catholic source, upon the
general character of the men who had
acted as God-on-earth, up to the time
that Henry VIII. departed this life.
We arrive at the epoch when Constan-
tine placed Christianity upon the throne.
From thence we see Christians, animated
by a furious zeal, persecuting without pity,
fanning the most extravagant quarrels,
and constraining pagans, by fire and sword,
to embrace Christianity.
Constantius Chlorus had a Christian
concubine, the mother of Constantine, and
known as Saint Helena. Caesar Constan-
tius Chlorus died at York in England, at
a time when the children, whom he had
by the daughter of Maximilian Hercules,
his legitimate wife, could make no pre-
tensions to the empire. Constantine, the
son of his concubine, was chosen emperor
by six thousand German, Gallician, and
British soldiers. This election, made by
the soldiery, without the consent of the
senate and Roman people, was ratified by
his victory over Maxentius, chosen empe-
ror at Rome, — and Constantine mounted
a throne soiled with murders.
An execrable parricide, he put to death
the two Licinii, the husband and son of
his sister; he did not even spare his own
children, and the empress Fausta, the wife
of this monster, was strangled by his
orders in a bath. He then consulted the
pontiffs of the empire, to know what sacri-
fices he should offer to the gods in order
to make expiation for his crime. The sac-
rificing priests refused his offerings, and
he was repulsed with horror by the high
priest, who exclaimed, "Far from hence be
parricides, whom the gods never pardon.
After this a priest promised him pardon
for his crimes, if he should becom2 puri-
fied in the water of baptism, and the em-
peror became a Christian.
He then left Rome, and founded his
new capitol of Constantinople. During
Ins reign the ministers of the Christian
religion commenced showing their ambi-
tion, which had been concealed during
three centuries. Assured ol" impunity, they
cast the wife of Maxentius into the Oron-
tes, murdered his relathes, massacred the
magistrates in Egypt and Palestine, drew
from their retreat the widow and daugh-
ter of Diocletian, and threw them into the
sea.
Constantine assembles the council of
Nice, exiles Arius, recalls him, banishes
Athanasius, and dies in the arms of
Eusebius, the chief of the Arians, having
been baptized on the bed of death, in
order to escape the torments of hell.
Constans, the son and successor of Con-
stantine, imitates all his barbarity; like
him, he assembles councils, which pro-
scribe and anathematise. Athanasius sus-
tains his party in Europe and Asia by
combined skill and force; the Arians over-
whelmed him. Exiles, prisons, tumults
and assassinations, signalize the termina-
tion of the abominable life of Constans.
Joviean and Valentinian guarantee entire
liberty of conscience. The two parties
exercise against each other hatred and
merciless rage.
Theodosius declares for the council of
Nice. The empress Justine, who reigned
in Illyria and Africa, as the tutoress of
the young Valentian, proscribes him.
The Goths, Vandals, Burgundians, and
Franks, hurl themselves upon the pro-
vinces of the empire; they find the opin-
ions of Arius established in them, and the
conquerors embrace the religion of the
conquered.
The pope Anastasius calms, by his
justice and his toleration, the religious
quarrels which separate the churches of
the East and the West; but the hatred of
the priests soon terminated, by crime, a
life which had been glorious for religion,
and dear to humanity.
Mahomet appeared in the seventn cen-
tury. A skilful impostor, he founds a new
religion, and the greatest empire of the
world. Banished from Mecca, he re-as-
sembles his disciples, establishes the foun-
dation of his theogony, and marches to
the most surprising concmests.
The Christians were divided by gross
heresies. The Persians made a terrible
war on the empire of the east, and pursued
Jews and Catholics with an implacable
hatred. All was confusion in church and
state.
The bishops had not yet arrogated to
themselves temporal jurisdiction; but the
weakness of the empire of the west gave
rise to this sc*andalous usurpation, which
has covered Europe with butcheries, disas-
ters, and ruin.
Pepin, king of France, allies himself in
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13
succession with popes Zachary and
Stephen. In order to cloak from the eyes
of the people his usurpation of the crown
of France, and the murder of his brother,
he surrenders to the Holy See the do-
mains in Romagna, taken from the Lom-
bards.
Stephen the Third, an hypocritical
priest, does not delay to signalize his new
power, by the excess of the most frightful
ambition.
Under Stephen the Sixth, fury is at its
height. The clergy are divided into fac-
tions, and the pope is chosen in the midst
of the carnage. The pontiff, after his vic-
tory, put out the eyes, and tore out the
tongue, of Constantine the Second, his
predecessor.
Charlemagne invades Lombardy; de-
prives his nephews of their inheritance;
despoils his brother-in-law to punish him
for having undertaken their defence, car-
ries him to Lyons in chains, and con-
demns him to terminate his days in prison.
Then Leo the Third placed a crown of gold
upon his head, and a mantle of purple on
his shoulders. But the descendants ot
Charlemagne could not preserve at Rome
the influence this usurper had acquired,
by granting to the popes the land he had
taken from the Lombards.
Paschal the First, by a criminal bold-
ness, put out the eyes and cut off the heads,
in the patriarchal palace of the Lateran,
of Theodorus, a high officer of the Roman
church, and of Leo his son-in-law, because
they had remained faithful to Lothaire.
On the death of this pope the people en-
deavored to prevent his burial, and wished
to drag his dead body through the streets
of Rome.
Eugenius, his successor, occupies him-
self in transporting from the sepulchres
of Italy putrefied bones, the frightful ves-
tiges of human nature. He sent them into
France, Germany and England, and sold
them to Christian Europe.
Leo the Fourth has the impudence to
assure the bishops of immunity for the
most frightful crimes.
After the death of Leo, a woman mounts
the chair of St. Peter, celebrating mass,
creating bishops, and giving her feet to
be kissed by princes and people. The
popess Joan becomes enceinte by a cardi-
nal, and dies in the pangs of child-birth,
in the midst of a religious ceremony.
In the ninth century, the Greek and
Latin churches separate. Ridiculous dif-
ferences cause five centuries of murders,
carnage, and frightful wars; and twenty-
five bloody schisms in the we3t soli the
chair of Rome.
The Arabs and Turks overwhelm the
Greek and African churches, and elevate
the Mahommedan religion upon the ruins
of Christianity.
The Roman Church maintains Itself,
amid troubles, discords and ruin. During
this epoch of anarchy, the bishops and
abbots in Germany became princes, and
the popes obtain absolute power in Rome.
Stephen the Seventh, driven on by a
pitiless rage, orders the sepulchre of For-
mosus to be despoiled, causes them to take
out from it the dead body, and, horrible to
relate, has it brought into uie synod as-
sembled to degrade him. Then this fright-
ful body, covered with the pontifical habits,
is interrogated in the midst of scandalous
and infuriate clamour. "Why hast thou,
being bishop of Portus, usurped, through
ambition, the universal see of Rome?"
Then the pope, pushed on by an execrable
barbarity, orders his three fingers and
head to be cut off, and his dead body to
be cast into the Tiber.
Sergius invades the pontifical cnalr. He
leads publicly a life, soileu with de-
baucheries, with the famous courtezan
Marozia. Their son becomes pope, under
the name of John the Twelfth, and sur-
passes them by his monstrous crimes.
Cardinals and bishops accused him of in-
cest with his mother — of violating the holy
virgins — of adultery, homicide, profanity
and blasphemy.
Gregory the Fifth Cuts off the hands,
tongue and ears of John and Crescentius,
and makes them walk, thus mutilated,
through the streets of Rome.
Benedict the Ninth is raised to the Holy
See at twelve years of age, by the in-
trigues and gold of the Count of Tusca-
nella. He immediately surrenders himself
to excess of depravity, and the most shame-
less debaucheries. The Romans, worn out
by his outrages, drive him from Rome, and
name another pope, Sylvester the Third.
Benedict, by the assistance of his relatives,
seats himself anew in the Holy See; but
perceiving himself to be an object of uni-
versal execration, and fearing a terrible
fall, he, by an infamous simony, sells the
Holy See, and consecrates a third pope,
John the Twentieth. He then retires into
the palace of his father, in order to sur-
render himself to the most infamous
pleasures.
After having made this odious traffic,
the desire of ruling re-enters his soul, and
places him a third time in this dishon-
oured chair. Alone, against the Romans,
who held him in horror — alone against
the two popes, producing a triple schism —
he proposes to his adversaries to divide
between them the revenues of the church.
These three anti-popes, by a shameful
traffic, divide into three parts the patri-
mony of the poor, and boldly rule; the
one at Saint Peter's the other at St. Mary
Majeura, and the third at the palace of
the Lateran; an execrable triumvirate.
A bold, avaricious and dissolute priest,
purchases from the three popes their in-
famous titles to the papacy, and succeeds
them under the name of Gregory the Sixth.
Hildebrand, the monk of Cluny, the poi-
soner of popes, the most deceitful of
priests, usurps the pontifical see, under
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WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
the name of Gregory the Seventh. He
launches his anathemas against ,kings;
excites public wars; tills Germany and
Italy with disorder, carnage and murder.
He excommunicates the emperor of Ger-
many; takes from him the title of king;
frees his people from the oath of obedi-
ence; excites princes against him, and at
last reduces him to such a state of mis-
fortune, that the force of his mma Is
shattered. At length — extreme of pride
and degradation — the king sought the
pope "in the depth of winter, fasting, with
naked feet and in his shirt, having a pair
of scissors and a hair-brush in his hand."
Adrian, the son of an English friar,
causes the emperor Barbarossa to hold the
stirrup of his palfrey; and in order to add
barbarity to his triumph, demands that
the famous Arnold of Brescia should be
deilvered up to him to be burned alive,
because he had preached against the
luxury of priests, and the abominations of
pontiffs.
Alexander pushes still further than his
predecessors his outrages against kings.
The emperor Frederick, in order to free
his son Otho, who was a prisoner in the
hands of the Romans, supplicates the pope
to absolve him from excommunication.
The inflexible Alexander demands that the
emperor should come in person to ask for
his pardon, in the presence of the as-
sembled people, without nis robes or his
crown, having the rod of a beadle in hia
hand, and that he should prostrate his
face to the earth. When he was extended
on the ground at the entrance of the
church, Alexander put his foot on his neck
and trampled on him, exclaiming, "Thou
shalt tread upon the se'rpent and /the
cockatrice, and shalt crush the lion and
the dragon."
Celestin the Third, affords a frightful
example of insatiable avarice. Alexander
had trampled under his feet Frederick
Barbarossa, who demanded the liberation
of his son. This new pope, for money,
crowned the emperor Henry the Fourth,
an execrable monster, who renewed the
impious sacrilege of Stephen the Seventh,
by exhuming the body of Tancred, that
his head should be cut off by the public
executioner. He put out the eyes of Wil-
liam, the young son of Tancred, after hav-
ing made him an eunuch. He condemned
the count Jourdan to an horrible punish-
ment, having caused him to be affixed to a
chain of heated iron, and to be crowned by
a circle of hot iron, which they fastened
on his head.
Innocent the Third preached the cru-
sades against the infidel, and increased his
treasury from the riches of the people.
This crafty, sacrilegious pope, established
the monstrous tribunal of the inquisition.
Then he preached a crusade against the
Albigenses, and despoiled the estates of
Raymond the Sixth, count of Toulouse.
He sent forth St. Dominick, with power to
persecute with fire, sword, and unheard-
of torments, the unfortunate Waldenses.
The crusaders stormed the city of Beziers.
The frightful Dominick, Christ in one
hand and a torch in the other, creates the
carnage, and sixty thousand dead bodies
were buried under the ruins of that city,
which was reduced to ashes. Toulouse,
Carcassonne, Alby, Castlenaudary, Nar-
bonne, Aries, Marseilles, Aix, Avingnon,
were devastated by the armies of the pope.
Gregory the Ninth, in order to maintain
his ambitious projects and the unbridled
luxury of his court, levies imposts on
France, England and Germany. He ex-
communicates king^, frees people from
their allegiance, and is driven from Rome
by his subjects. Raymond the Seventh,
though a Catholic, but the son of a heretic,
is pursued by him and despoiled of his
estates. The pope sends a legate into
France, to sustain this abominable war
in Lanfuedoc and Provence. Raymond de-
fends himself gallantly; and the people,
tired of the insatiable avarice of Gregory
the Ninth, refuse to pay the imposts, and
force the pope to conclude a peace.
The pontiff, arrested in his progress,
condemns Raymond to pay ten thousand
marks of silver to his legate, two thous-
and to the abbey of Citeaux, a thousand to
that of Grand Ligne, and three hundred
to that of Belle Pouche, all for the remis-
sion of his sins, as the treaty signed at
the door of the cathedral of Paris wit-
nesses.
Innocent the Fourth, in the midst of
his crimes performed a generous action,
which reconciles humanity to him. . He
undertakes the defence of the Jews of
Germany, whom the princes and priests
persecuted, in order to enrich themselves
with their spoils. In that barbarous age,
a false zeal for religion served as a pre-
text for the most revolting injustice. They
invented calumnies against tne Jews, ac-
cused them of eating the heart of a new-
born infant at the passover supper; and,
when they found the oody of a dead man,
they put them to the torture, and con-
demned them to perish by the most fright-
ful torments.
Urban the Fourth signs a shameless
treaty with St. Louis and Charles of An-
gou, to enrich themselves with the king-
dom of Naples, and divide the estates of
the young Conradin. The pope overcomes
the scruples of the king of France, and
causes the duke of Angou to swear that
he will abandon to the Holy See the do-
mains to which he laid pretensions, and
pay eight thousand ounces of gold every
year.
Clement the Fourth continues the policy
of his predecessor. The young Conradin
returns to his estates, and fights a decisive
battle, and is made prisoner, together with
Frederick of Austria. After a rigorous
captivity, Charles of Angou, by the order
of the pope, condemns them to perish by
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15
the band of the executioner. The young
duke of Austria was the first executed.
Conradin seized the head of his friend, and
received the mortal blow holding it in his
embrace.
Marvin the Fourth mounts the chair of
St. Peter, and makes a sacrilegious agree-
ment with Charles of Angou; the one a po-
litical tyrant, the crafty usurper of Sicily,
the other the consecrated tyrant of Rome.
Their cruelties excite general indignation.
A vast conspiracy is formed; John of Pro-
cida, a Sicilian gentleman, is the soul of
it. Ho engages .Michael Paleologus to
join it; goes to Spain to obtain the aid of
Peter of Arragon, and hastens through the
cities of Sicily to excite their minds to
vengeance.
On the third day of Eauter, 1282, at the
hour of vespers, is the signal for the car-
nage given. At the sound of the bell, a
cry of death resounds through all the
cities of Sicily. The French are massacred
in the churches, in the public places, and
in private houses; every where is murder
and vengeance. Ten thousand dead bodies
are the trophies of the Sicilian vespers.
Boniface the Eighth becomes pope, after
having assassinated his predecessor. He
outrages the people, defiies kings, pursues
with hatred the Ghibelins, the partizans of
the emperor of Germany, invents the jubi-
lee to draw the wealth of the nations into
his treasury, and excites so profound a
hatred against himself, that the states
assemble at Paris, by order of Pbilip the
Handsome, to judge the pope. Tne arcn-
bishop of Narbonne accuses him of being
a simoniac, an assassin, and an usurer; of
not believing in the eucharist, nor the
immortality of the soul; of employing force
to cause the secrets of the confessional to
be revealed; of living in concubinage with
his two nieces, and of having children by
them; and, last of all, of having employed
the riches acquired by the sale of in-
dulgences to pay the Saracens to invade
Sicily.
Xogaret and Sciara Colonna are charged
to carry to the pope the order to appear
at Lyons to be judged by a general council.
They arrive, at the head of three hundred
horsemen, at the city of Anagni, the resi-
dence of Boniface. Meeting with resist-
ance into the palace, and present to the
pope the accusations against him. Boni-
face, transported by fury, charges Nogaret
with injuring him, and curses the king of
France and his descendants to the fourth
generation. Then Sciara Colonna struck
him on the face with his iron gauntlet,
until the blood flew.
V Clement the Fifth and Philip the Hand-
some accuse the templars of enormous
crimes, and condemn them to the most
frightful punishments, in order" to enrich
themselves with their immense wealth.
By the order of the king, the grand mas-
ter of the Templars, accompanied by his
knights, is conducted to punishment, to be
burned alive in the presence of cardinals
and priests, who cruelly contemplate these
bloody stakes.
After having divided with the king the
spoils of the Templars, Clement the Fifth
established his court at Avignon, and pub-
licly abandoned himself to the most de-
praved debauchery, with his nephew and
the daughter of the Count de Foiy. He
preached a new crusade against the Turks,
sold indulgences, and, joining ridicule to
infamy, gave to each crusader the right
of delivering four souls from purgatory;
and the people have been scourged for
eighteen hundred years under the pitiless
rod of these criminal popes.
John the Twenty-second seized the
tiara, seated himself on the pontifical
throne, and said, "I am pope." In order
to strengthen this usurpation, he launched
his anathemas against the emperor of Ger-
many and the king of France, persecuted
sectarians, burned heretics, freed people
from their allegiance, armed princes, in-
undated kingdoms with his monks,
preached new crusades, sold benefices, and
drew into his treasury twenty-five millions
of florins, collected from all parts of the
Christian world.
Benedict the Twelfth stops the depre-
dations, arrests the imposts which his pre-
decessor had levied upon the people, prac-
tises a severe morality, reforms the morals
of the clergy, and dies in the midst of his
apostolical labours.
Clement the Sixth buys from the cele-
brated Joanna of Naples, the country of
Avignon, promising therefor three hundred
thousand florins of gold, which he never
paid, and declares her innocent of the
murder of Andreas, her husband, whom
she had caused to be assassinated.
Under Urban the Sixth commenced the
great schism which divided the west; two
popes were elevated to the pontifical chair.
Urban the Sixth ruled at Rome; Clem-
ent the Seventh, the anti-pope, at Avig-
non. During a period of fifty years tho
two popes and their successors excited
cruel wars, and excommunicated each
other. Italy, Naples, Hungary and Spain,
espoused the cause of Urban; France sus-
tained Clement the Seventh. Every where
brigandage and cruelty abounds, produced
by the order of Clement, or the fanaticism
of Urban.
The unfortunate and guilty Joanna sent
forty thousand ducats to the pope, in orde--
to strengthen her cause. By way of
thanks, Urban caused her to be strangled
at the foot of the altar. The pontiff ha-1
induced Charles de Duras, the adopted son
and heir of Joanna, to commit this horrid
parricide.
The prince having refused to divide
with the pope the spoils of Joanna, ti:a
fury of Urban was turned against six car-
dinals, whom he supposed to form the
party of Charles. They were thrown,
laden with chains, into offensive dungeons;
16
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
their eyes were put out, the nails of their
feet and hands wrenched off, their teem
broken, their flesh pierced with rods of
heated iron, and at length their bodies,
frigthfully mutilated, were tied up in
sacks, whilst still alive, and thrown into
the sea.
Clement the Seventh held his seat at
Avignon, and levied enormous imposts on
the church of Franc'e, in order to enrich
the cardinals and satisfy the unbridled
luxury of his court. His conduct was not
at all inferior to that of his competitor in
violence, deceit and crime.
The two popes desolated Europe by their
armies and those of their partisans; fury
had blotted out the sentiments of hu-
manity; every where were treason, poison-
ing, massacre. An endeavor was made to
remedy the public calamities, but the two
popes opposed all propositions which could
restore peace to the church.
The schism continued under their suc-
cessors; the cardinals not being able to
overcome the obstinacy of the two popes,
cited Benedict the Thirteenth and Gregory
the Twelfth to appear before a general
council, convened at Pisa; and, when they
refused to do so, the patriarch of Alexan-
dria, assisted by those of Antioch and
Jerusalem, pronounced, with a loud voice
in the church, whose doors were opened,
and in the presence of the assembled mul-
titude, the definite sentence of deposition
against them.
Alexander the Fifth endeavored to
strengthen the union of the church, to re-
form the morals of the clergy, to give the
sacred charges to virtuous men, and died
of a poisoned clyster, administered by the
orders of the cardinal Baltheazar Cossa.
This base assassin assembled the conclave,
and, seizing the pontifical mantle, placed
it on his shoulders, exclaiming, "I am the
pope."
The affrighted cardinals confirmed the
election of John the Twenty-third; but the
deposed popes, Benedict the Thirteenth
and Gregory the Twelfth, revived their
pretensions to the see of Rome; an hor-
rible war, excited by anathemas, fills
Prussia and Italy with blood. The empire
has three emperors, as the cnurch has
three popes, or rather the church and the
empire have no heads.
A general Council assembles, and pro-
ceeds to the deposition ot r-ope jonn the
Twenty-third. The bishops and cardinals
accuse him of murders, incest, poisoning
and sodomy; of having seduced and carried
on a sacrilegious intercourse with three
hundred religious women; of having vio-
lated three sisters; and of having confined
a whole family, in order to abuse the
mother, son and father.
Martin the Fifth burned alive John Huss
and Jerome of Prague, the leaders of a
new sect, which preached against the dis-
orders of the priests and the ambition of
the pontiffs, and led men back to senti-
ments of humanity. He then organizes a
crusade against Bohemia; but the inhabi-
tants of this wild country, exalted by
generous principles of liberty, contend with
courage against fanaticism Embassadors
are sent to Prague, with proposals for
peac'e, and the Bohemians reply, "that a
free people have no need of a king."
The legates of the pope and the emperor
command in person the armies sent against
the Bohemians, to prevent their commun-
ing in the two kinds, bread and wine.
Frightful madness. For a subject so
trifling Germany is given up to the horrors
of a civil war; but the cause of the people
is triumphant. The troops of the emperor
are defeated in many engagements, and
the army of the legates is cut to pieces.
Eugenius the Fourth mounts the Holy
See; he confirms as legate in Germany
Julian Caesar, in order to exercise cruel
persecutions against the Hussites. Dur-
ing his reign an important act transpires;
a struggle takes place between the powers
of the church, the council of Basle en-
deavors to bring under subjection the
power of the popes, aand the pope declares
that his see is beyond the reach of coun-
cils. The fathers make a terrible decree,
declare Eugenius the Fourth a profana-
tor, incorrigible, and a scandal to the
church, and depose him from the papacy.
Felix the Fifth is nominated as pope,
and Eugenius becomes the anti-pope. The
councils of Florence and Basle excommuni-
cate each. Depositions, violence, cruelty
succeed. Vittelesc'hi, archbishop of Flor-
ence, is assassinated by the orders of Eu-
genius; divided kingdoms take the part
of one or the other, and a schism is ne-
newed which lasts until the death of Eu-
genius the Fourth.
During the pontificate of Nicholas the
Fifth, took place the celebrated capture
of Constantinople by the Turks; the pon-
tiff, solicited by the Grecian ambassadors
to grant them succors of men and money,
harshly refused, and we must attribute
the loss of this powerful city to the per-
fidy of the Roman court, which sacrificed
the rampart of Christianity, and basely
betrayed a people wiiom they should have
succ'ored.
The merits and the piety of Calixtus
the Third, elevate him to the pontifical
throne, which he honors by his genius.
Sextus the Fourth employs all his care
and solicitude in increasing his wealth.
He augments the imposts, invents new
charges, and sells them at auction to
satisfy the avarice of V eter Riere, of
Savana, and of his brother Jerome, whom
he had created cardinals, and who min-
istered to his horrid pleasures.
This shameless pope established at
Rome a brothel, the courtezans of which
paid him a golden Julius weekly. This
revenue amounted to twenty thousand du-
cats a year. An execrable act committed
by him is alone sufficient to render his
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
17
memory for ever odious. The family of
the cardinal of Saint Lucia hav'ng pre-
sented to him a petition, that lie i the
cardinal) should be permitted to commit
sodomy during the three »varmest niont.ns
of the year, he wrote at the bottom of the
petition, "Let it be as desired."
Ho then formed a conspiracy against
Laurent and Julian de Medicis, sends Ra-
phael Riere to Florence, and during a
solemn mass, and whilst the cardinal was
elevating the host, the conspirators stabbed
Julian de Medicis. Laurent courageously
defends himself, and, although wounded,
gains the sacristy. The people precipitate
themselves upon the conspirators, disarm
them, and hang them from the windows
of the church, as well as Salviato, arch-
bishop of Pisa, in his sacerdotal robes.
Innocent the Eighth succeeds Sextus.
His election cost him more than all the
treasures of the Holy See; the resources
were exhausted, but the genius of the pope
remained. He appointed fifty-two venders
of bulls, whom he charged to squeeze the
people, and joined to them twenty-six sec-
retaries, who each lodged with him two
thousand five hundred marks of gold. His
private life was defiled by the vilest scand-
als. Educated at the court of king Al-
phonso, of Sicily, he had contracted the
frightful vice of sodomy. His remarkable
beauty had procured him admission into
the family of Philip, cardinal of Bolonga,
as the minister to his monstrous pleasures.
On the death of his protector he became
the minion of Paul the Second, and of
Sextus, who elevated him to the cardinal-
ship.
The grand master of Rhodes delivered
to Pope Innocent the young prince Zizi-
mus, to protect him from the pursuit of hla
brother Bajazet. The sultan of Egypt
sends embassadors to offer to tne pope rour
hundred thousand ducats ana tne city of
Jerusalem in exchange for prince Zizi-
mus, whom he wishes to place at the head
of his troops, in order to march against
Constantinople, and engages to restore
that city to the Christians; but the sultan
Bajazet bid higher, and the pontiff re-
tained Zizimus a prisoner in his states.
We enter now upon the reign of a pope
who, by the admission of all historians,
is the most dreadful of all men who have
affrighted the world. A depravity hitherto
unknown, an insatiable cupidity, an un-
bridled ambition, a Cruelty more man
barbarous — such were the horna qualities
of Roderick Borgia, chosen pope, by the
title of Alexander the Sixth. His passions
were so unbridled that, having become
enamoured of a widow who had two daugh-
ters, not content with the mother, he bent
the daughters also to his desires; he causec1
one of them to be placed in a convent,
and continued his incest with the most
beautiful, whom they call Rosa Vanozza.
She bore him five children, one of whom
was the famous Caesar Borgia, who would
have surpassed the crimes of his ratner,
if the devil himself could have equalled
them.
During the pontificate of Innocent, as-
sassins and bandits ha *»so increased in
number, that the cardinals, before enter-
ing the conclave, fortified their dwellings
with musketry, and pointed Cannon along
the streets. Rome was become a public
market, where all holy charges were for
sale; Roderick Borgia publicly bought the
suffragees of twenty-two cardinals, and
was proclaimed pope.
Armed with the sacerdotal power, his
execrable vices daily increased; he de-
livered himself up to the most monstrous
incest, and horrible to relate, the two
brothers, Francis and Caesar, mingled their
infamous pleasures with their father's in
the embraces of their sister Lucretia.
The immoderate ambition of the pope
knew no bounds; all laws, human and
divine, were trampled under foot. He
forms alliances and breaks them; he
preaches crusades, levies imposts in Chris-
tian kingdoms, inundates Europe with his
legions of monks, enriches himself with
the wealth they carry to him, and Calls
Bajazet into Italy to oppose the king of
France. Later, his policy causes him to
seek the aid of Charles; and, protected
by the French, he undertakes the ruin of
the petty sovereigns of Romagna. He
puts some to death by the dagger, others
by poison, fills all minds with aread, and
prepares for Caesar Borgia the absolute do-
minion of Italy.
His insatiable avarice invented the most
sacrilegious means of enriching itself; he
sold the sacred charges, the altars, even
Christ himself, and then took them back
again to sell again the second time. He
nominated the cardinal of Morlena as dis-
tributor of his graces and dispensations;
in the name of this minister of iniquity
he sold honors, dignities, marriages, di-
vorces; and as the simony of the cardinal
did not bring in sums sufficiently large
to sustain the extravagance of the family
of Alexander, he administered to him the
fatal poison of the Borgias, to obtain for
himself the immense riches which he had
amassed.
He made promotions to cardinalships,
receiving payment therefor; then declar-
ing the Holy See the heir of the property
of prelates, he poisoned them, in order to
enrich himself with their spoils. All these
crimes still did not afford him sufficient
money, and he publisned that the Turks
were about to wage war against Christi-
anity, and under the veil of religion he
extorted sums so enormous, that they sur-
pass belief. At last Alexander the Sixth,
soiled with murders, debaucheries and
monstrous incests, having .nvited to sup
two cardinals, whose heirs he wished to
become, took the poison destined for them,
and rendered up his execrable soul to tbe
devil.
18
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
The people, tired of the insupportable
yoke of the bishops of Rome, and ruined
by the insatiable avidity of the priests,
commenced waking from me lethargic
sleep into which they had been plunged.
Luther, a monk of the order of rnp v 1-
gustines, sallies from his retreat, rises
against Leo the Tenth and the indulgences,
draws people and rulers to his new doc-
trine, strengthens it with all the power of
his genius, and snatches .com the tyranny
of the popes the half of Europe.
Clement the Seventh, by his perfidy,
exc'ites the wrath of the emperor, Charles
the Fifth. Rome is delivered up to pil-
lage during two entire mon'.hs; houses are
sacked, females violated. The army of
the Catholic king committed more atroci-
ties than pagan tyrants had invented
against the Christians during three hun-
dred years. The unfortunate Romans
were suspended by the feet, burned, beaten
with leather straps in order to compel
them to pay ransoms; in fine, they were
exposed to the most frightful punishments,
in order to expiate the crimes of their
pontiff.
Catholics and Protestants cover Ger-
many with embarrassments, murders and
ruin.
The mass is judicially abolished at
Strasburg.
Paul the Third had obtained a cardinal's
hat by surrendering Julius Farnese to the
monster Alexander the Sixth; became pope
— he poisoned his mother, in order to en-
rich himself ls her heir, and joining a
double incest to a second parricide, he put
to death one of his sisters through jeal-
ousy of her other lovers, and poisoned
Bosa Sforza, the husband of his daughter
Constance, whom he haa corrupted.
He launches anathemas against the un-
fortunate Lutherans. His nephews be-
came the executioners of his c'ruelties, and
they boasted publicly of having caused
rivers of blood to flow, in which their
horses could swim. During their butcher-
ies the pope was plunged in his mon-
strous debaucheries with his daughter
Constance.
During his reign Ignatius Loyola founds
the order of the Jesuits.
Calvin, sublime spirit, causes his pow-
erful voice to be heard, and continues the
progress of the religious reformation.
Julius the Third fulminates his anathe-
mas against the Lutherans, and puts them
to death in the most cruel manner. Join-
ing depravity to cruelty, he elevates to the
cardinalate a young lad employed about
his palace in the double capacity of keeper
of the monkeys and minion to the pope.
Paul the Fourth excites the iury of the
king of France against the Protestants,
forms an execrable league ror their de-
struction, and fills all Europe with his
ravages. At his death the Roman people,
freed from his frightful yoke, force the
dungeons of the Inquisition, set fire to the
prisons, knock down the statue of the pope,
break off the head and the right hand,
drag them during three days through the
streets of Rome, and cast them into the
Tiber.
(to be continued.)
Now
Ralph M. Thomson
A year ago each flowered glen
Seemed little more than noxious fen:
The autumn leaves of red and gold
A melancholy story told.
In every rose that blushes now
In every crimson shrub and bough —
In nodding fern and golden-rod,
Behold, there is a smile of God!
'
The Woman of Babylon
Joseph Hocking
This Story will be Issued in Book Form. Back numbers of the Magazine
cannot be supplied.
CHAPTER XXXIII.
harrincton's strange behaviour.
"Walter!"
•'Yes, Ned?"
Daylight shone through the carriage windows. The summer
morning's sun shone upon the two men as the young barrister spoke.
The train was passing through a beautiful stretch of country. The
corn in the fields was beginning to ripen ; all Nature was in the ful-
ness of its summer glory. The morning air was fresh and sweet.
Walter Raymond looked haggard and exhausted ; but Ned Harring-
ton, although pale and worn, seemed far less tired.
"Did Joyce ever complain of heart trouble? '
"Never."
"You are sure?"
"Certain. Why, don't you remember that day just before you
went to Plymouth, when we were all out in the woods beyond Esher,
that we ran races, and Joyce outran us all? Don't you remember,
too, that you remarked to me how strong she was, and how sound
every organ of her body must be ? ."
"Oh, yes, I remember. Has heart disease ever been known in
either your family or her mother's?" he continued presently.
"No; never to my knowledge. Certainly not in mine. As for
her mother's side— well, both her parents are still alive."
"Has your wife ever complained of heart trouble?"
"Never; why do you ask?"
"Oh, nothing. Only a passing thought."
The two men lapsed into silence again— Walter to brood over his
terrible loss and to wonder what they should do when they got to
bt, Winnifred's; Ned Harrington to look out on the countryside,
which seemed to laugh beneath the light of the morning sun.
When the train arrived at their destination, both of them looked
curiously around them. Nothing seemed real. The thought that
Joyce lay buried not far from them was like some ehastlv nio-ht-
mare. J to
"There is a good-looking hotel here, I see," said Harrington.
' les. What do you suggest that we do first?"
"I suggest, my friend, that we each of us have a cold bath
After that, we must have a good breakfast."
"I can't eat, Ned ; I simply can't."
"Yes, you can, and you must. We must keep our bodies in good
order, my friend, else our minds will not be clear. Some men pro-
fess to be able to think best fasting. I can't; neither can you."
Walter Raymond submitted to the stronger personality of his
20 WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
friend. Although he Avas older than Harrington, and although he
had hoped to call him his son, he knew that Harrington was his
superior. He was greater in brain power, stronger in will. He
did not resent the fact. Rather, he was thankful for it, and re-
joiced in it.
While Raymond was dressing after his bath, he looked out into
the hotel garden and saw Harrington wandering among the flower-
beds. When he thought to join him in the garden, however, he could
not find him. Thinking he was in the hotel for breakfast, he sought
him there ; but in vain.
"I daresay he does not want me," said Walter. "Poor Ned I
Perhaps in my selfishness 1 do not realise that it is harder for him
than for me."
He opened an early morning paper and tried to read, but he
could fix his mind on nothing. The horror of his grief got hold of
him again, a burning desire for revenge filled his heart. He sat for
some time, how long he did not know.
"Hulloa, my friend !" Raymond looked up and saw Harringtton.
"Where have you been?" he asked wearily.
"Oh, looking around the town. I have been studying the geogra-
phy of St. Winnifred's. I have discovered where Dr. Jessop lives.
We must go and see him presently; and I was at the post office doors
just in time to see them opened."
"It must be splendid to have so much energy."
"Must it? Sometimes I wish I had less. Then perhaps I could
lie down and sleep."
"Poor Ned!" thought Raymond. "I wish I could comfort him."
But he said nothing.
"Breakfast is ready, my friend; come on," said Harrington.
"I've ordered the most tempting things I could think of. Think of
it ! A dish of trout, caught only this morning. After the trout,
ham and eggs. The sweetest ham you ever tasted, old man, and
eggs laid today."
"Good old Ned," thought Walter. "He is doing his best to cheer
me. It is something to thank God for, to have such a friend. Ay,
and I trust I do thank God for him."
They sat down before the tempting dishes which had been
mentioned, and as they ate Harrington seemed quite cneerful. It
is true that often it was by sheer effort of will that he crushed his
sad thoughts, but, on the whole, he was able to help Walter, who
without him would have sunk under his grief.
"By the way," said Harrington presently, "you must not be
surprised if I ask Dr. Jessop some foolish questions this morning.'
"I shall be surprised at nothing," replied Walter wearily. "Noth-
ing is worth being surprised about. In fact, I've been thinking
since I have sat here that it is pure foolishness for us to be here at
all."
"Why?"
"Because we shall only make everything harder. To hear about
her, to know what she has had to pass through, and — and, well, to
realise the mockery of it all is only to make the wounds deeper and
to cause them to fester more."
"I should say that Ritzoom would be pleased if we acted on thai
thought."
"What has he to fear? What do the Catholics care about uu-
WATSON'S MAGAZINE. 21
friendly criticism? They know it will be quickly forgotten — and
then "
"Yes, then?"
''They will build churches, advance their plans, and ruin more
lives with my father's money."
"We shall see. Anyhow, I simply can't keep quiet. I must get
to the bottom of everything."
"I daresay you are right," said Walter wearily.
"I've made an appointment with Dr. Jessop."
"Indeed? You've been busy."
"We are to be at his house in ten minutes. He says he will give
us from nine to ten. After that, he has to see his patients. Our
visit to the doctor over, we will interview' the Mother Superior of
the Convent of the Mother of Sorrows. You'll remember what I
said, won't you? Be surprised at no question which I may ask, how-
ever foolish."
"But why ask foolish questions?"
"It has a tendency to hide from the person questioned the im-
portance of the questions which are not foolish. We had better be
going now."
The two walked together to the house of Dr. Jessop. Raymond
was not long in seeing that Dr. Jessop was a man of importance in
the town. His house and grounds were large, while a look of pros-
perity obtained everywhere. It was impossible, moreover, to see
the doctor himself, and not know that St. Winnifred's paid him s
great deal of respect. His every movement, every tone of his voice
suggested the fact. He had married the daughtr of a rich magnate.
He was a country magistrate. His practice was of the most re-
spectable nature. Everything about him seemed to say, "I am ortho-
dox, gentlemen. I hate quacks of every sort. I am orthodox in
medicine, orthodox in religion, orthodox on all social matters. I am
a Liberal Unionist in politics. I am a moderate evangelical church-
man in faith, and I have a proper scorn for all innovations, whether
in the medical or religious world." Indeed, all these things came
out during their conversation with him.
"Yes, gentlemen, I attended a nun who died at the Convent of
the Mother of Sorrows," he said. "Mark you, I have no faith in,
and no sympathy with, these convents; still, I was called there, and
I went. To an evangelical churchman, it was all very painful to
me. But there, I had to do my duty."
"The nun was my daughter," said Walter Raymond.
The doctor was duly impressed. He had heard that the deceased
was heiress to a million, and he was prepared to be very gracious.
"How long did you attend her?" asked Harrington.
"Only about a week. I was given to understand that she had
only been lately brought to St. Winnifred's. The convent authori-
ties thought the place might be beneficial for her health. Per-
sonally, however, I do not think she was in a condition to be moved.
She was very weak, and the disease had so got hold of her that re-
covery was impossible."
"Heart disease, I think you said?"
"Yes."
"How long should you say she had been troubled by this disease?',
"Very difficult to say. Probably the disease had been incipient
from her childhood. Such cases often develop rapidly."
22 WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
"Should you think that, had QOt the disease been constitutional.
it would have brought about such an early death '."
"Not unless she had had an attack of rheumatic fever. Per-
sonally, 1 should say it was constitutional."
"Did she seem cheerful?"
"Yes. 1 should say she was of a cheerful, contented disposition.
She was not one who was given to fretting, and she had a calm.
placid way with her.*'
"Was she anxious to recover?"
"Oh, yes. On the other hand, she had a way of taking bad news
very calmly.'
"Excuse me for asking these questions," said Harrington, "but
naturally her mother will like to know everything that we can learn
about her. Moreover, her father here has not seen her for more
than two years, and everything is of interest to him. Therefore,
I hope you will not think it strange if I ask you to tell me how she
looked. That is, I should like your impressions on her personal
appearance. Did she look very ill and attenuated? Did she give
you the impression that she had been happy during her convent
life? I hope you understand me."
"Oh, certainly. Is Mr. Raymond a Catholic?"
"No."
"Ah ! It is very sad. Yes, I see. He will naturally desire to
know how his child looked. Ah, ves."
"Exactly."
"Of course, I took no particular notice; moreover, now I come
to thing about it, her room was rather dark. I should have ordered
a brighter one for her had she been able to bear it. But there, now,
let me see."
Dr. Jessop laid his crubby hands upon his knees; then he took
off his gold-rimmed eye-glasses, and wiped them carefully.
"I should like you," said Harrington, "to be perfectly frank
about the matter, and to speak as though her father were not here.
To begin with, would you regard her as a good-looking girl?"
"Really, Mr. Harnngtton, one is supposed not to think of such
a thing when one is in a convent; but, yes, I should say that in
health she would have been rather pretty."
"Rather round faced, and inclined to stoutness, as though the
austerities of convent life did not hurt her?"
"She was certainly inclined to stoutness, and, now I come to
think of it, she had a round face."
"Of course, her hair was cut short. I was wondering it two
years of convent life had darkened it, and had taken away its curl-
ing propensities?"
"Her hair was not very dark, and it was certainly not given to
curl."
"Her hands were still plump, I suppose?"
"Yes: I noticed that she had pretty hands, very small and
dimpled."
"You were always accompanied by one of the sisters, I sup-
pose?"
"Always."
"Did they call her by her own name, Joyce, or by her religious
name?"
"They called her Sister Ursula."
"Did she seem to have any sorrows or cares?"
WATSON'S MAGAZINE. 23
"Oh, no. I must say that for the effect of convent life. The
girl seemed perfectly content, perfectly happy. I remember re-
marking on that to my wife. I said to her, 'These nuns seem to
have buried the past, if they have had a past; they are without a
care, without a worry/ Especially was this true of my patient.
You can tell her mother that."
"Did she say anything about her mother, her father, her rela-
tions?"
'"Not to me. You see, I was there simply as a professional man,
and, I must speak the truth, I felt rather strange. Still, I had
nothing to complain of. My patient had everything she needed. I
never mentioned a delicacy but it was forthcoming.
"Her mind, I suppose, was perfectly sound?"
"Oh, perfectly."
"Would you regard her as bright, intelligent? YTou see, I knew
her before she went to a convent, and I was wondering what effect
these places had upon her intelligence."
"'Oh, she seemed intelligent enough; but, as I say, I had no
thought of testing that. What struck me was her placid cheerful-
ness and her contentment."
"And when the end came, did it come suddenly?"
"Yes, suddenly. It generally does, you know."
"And you signed the certificate without any hesitation as to the
cause of her death?"
"Oh, absolutely. I told them when I was first called in that the
case was hopeless."
"And you filled in the certificate to the effect that her name was
Joyce Raymond, and that she died of heart disease?"
"Exactly."
"I suppose the Mother Superior gave you her name? That is,
she told you she was called Joyce Raymond before she entered the
convent. You did not ask her, vour patient, to tell you her name?"
"No."
"Did you ask the Mother Superior any questions about the rela-
tives of the deceased — or did you suggest that they be immediately
informed of her death?"
"No; I naturally assumed that they would attend to all such
matters."
"Did the Mother Superior seem very fond of your patient?"
"Oh, yes; very fond."
"Was she much overwhelmed by grief when she died?"
"No, I should say not. Of course, it is difficult to tell with these
people. There were a lot of religious performances which I do not
pretend to understand, and with which, being, as I think I told
you, the vicar's warden in an evangelical church, I have no sym-
pathy."
"Still, the Mother Superior seemed perfectly calm and col-
lected?"
"Oh, perfectly."
"Did you go to the funeral?"
"No, I did not. I was asked to go, and I would have gone had
I been able, for I was curious to be present at the burial of a nun;
but I had an important engagement on. Thursday afternoon."
"There is nothing you would like to tell Mr. Raymond, I sup-
pose? I am afraid he is too much overwhelmed by sorrow to ask
24 WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
any questions, but I am sure his heart is aching to hear any sera])
of news about his child."
"No, (here is nothing that I can think of besides what your
questions have covered; but I would like to say this to you, Mr.
Raymond — and I can quite understand your feelings as a Protester^
—everything was open and above hoard. I know that convents are
said to l)e the homes of mystery, and that secrets lurk at every cor-
ner. Well, I do not believe in their system, but I speak as I find;
everything at the Convent of the Mother of Sorrows will bear in-
vestigation. Your daughter was treated with every kindness. I
was told to come as often as I thought the case demanded attention,
and that T was not to hesitate ordering anything in the way of
luxury. Moreover, your child was happy. I hear you opposed her
entering on that kind of life, and I agree with you. All the same,
everything I saw compels me to say that these stories about convent-.
have been greatly exaggerated. As far as I could see, everyone was
contented, and everyone was happy. Every kindness was shown to
my patient, and she died in peace."
"When did you say she died?" asked Harrington.
"About half-past ten last Monday forenoon."
"Thank you very much, doctor," said Harrington. "It has been
quite a pleasure to meet you. At least, it would have been but for
the distressing circumstances."
"I am glad to have been of any service, gentlemen. By the way,
you gave your name as Harrington. Any relation to Edward Har-
rington the barrister, by the way?"
"Pretty closely related, I fancy."
"What! Not he himself? Well, I am delighted. It's too early
to offer you a whisky and soda, I suppose? Yes? A cigar, then?
I insist on that. I hope we shall meet again. Godd-morning."
AVhatever might be their thoughts as they found their way to
the Convent of the Mother of Sorrows, neither Harrington nor Ray-
mond spoke on their way thither. Whatever their thoughts, they
kept them to themselves. All the same, a keen observer would have
noticed a look of wonder in Walter Raymond's eyes, as though some
curious thought were struggling for expression.
Presently they came to a large building surrounded by several
acres of ground. The lodge gates were wide open, and the two men
entered. Neither of them could withhold their admiration of the
beauty of the place. The convent stood on an eminence, and over-
looked a fine stretch of country. The air was pure and sweet; the
whole atmosphere of the place suggested rest fulness and content-
ment. No jarring noises were heard; neither sight nor sound was
out of harmony with the purpose for which the great building was
set apart.
Even Raymond, embittered as he was, felt this. After all, his
child had died in peace and sanctity. She had been saved from the
temptations and hardships of life; she had been comforted at the
last by the sacraments of the church she had elected to join. What
more could he desire for her? But this was only for a moment.
When he thought of Joyce as he saw her last, a bright young girl
full of the hope and gladness of life ; when the thought of her as a
pure child of nature, a bright, happy, wilful, headstrong, yet loving
girl, just as a girl of nineteen ought to be, and then, when he re-
membered what had taken place since, he felt like cursing those
WATSON'S MAGAZINE. 25
who, under the name of religion, had promised her life, and dragged
her to her grave.
They had not long to wait after they had sent m their cards.
Their visit might have been expected. The Mother Superior came
to them with tears in her eyes, and a sob in her voice.
"Ah, we loved her so much!" she said. "She was so good, so
gentle, so pious. It is such a grief — such a loss. I know 1 ought
not to grieve so. Such as she cannot be long before she enters:
Paradise. How can she? Besides, masses have been and will De
said for her. Oh, we thought nothing too good for her."
And so she went on, talking at times almost incoherently, scarcely
ever giving Harrington the chance of asking the questions .that
burned on his tongue. And even when presently he was able to put
them, her replies meant nothing. Still, Harrington persisted.
"You say you tried to interpret her desires in everything?" he
urged.
"Oh, in everything. She was so good — so gentle — so obedient.
Such a true religious."
"Do you think, then," he asked, "that you interpreted her feel-
ings by never letting her parents know of her death until the funeral
had taken place?"
"Ah, yes — ah, yes — you feel that. But I was so overwhelmed,
distracted, that I could attend to nothing. Besides, there was a
mistake. I had it in my mind to tell Father Murdoch to do it, and
really I thought I had done so. Then, when it was too late, I found
out that I had not told him. After that we wasted no time. I know
it was wrong, but please forgive me. I was so overwhelmed that 1
did not know what I was doing."
* This statement was repeated again and again at different times
until even Walter Raymond began to feel that the woman's sorrow
was sincere.
"Where are we going now?" asked Raymond, when their visit
at length came to an end.
"To the post office," said Harrington.
"Are you expecting anything?"
"Yes."
"Anything particular?" asked Raymond, noting the peculiar in-
tonation of his friend's voice.
"Yes; I am expecting news about Joyce," said Harrington.
26 WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
CHAPTER XXXIV.
THE WOMAN AND THE M \.
Some weeks before the events we have recorded had taken place,
an important event had taken plate in .Joyce Raymond's life. She
had taken her vows as a nun. From a postulant she had become a
novice, and then in course of time she bad taken those vows for
which more than two years in a convent had been intended to pre-
pare her.
After she had entered upon her novitiate, she felt for a long time
utterly dissatisfied. The joy and the peace which she had expected
did not come to her. More and more, in spite of penances and
prayers and sacraments, she found herself thinking of Harrington
and her father. Questions which for a long tune had not come into
her mind now obtruded themselves. Had she done right in believ-
ing that Harrington had forgotten her, and become engaged to a
rich brewer's daughter? When she had been told of this, all her
love of life went. Up to that time, almost from the lirst day of her
coming to the convent, she had wanted to leave it, but after that
the world became hateful to her. She had eagerly looked torward
to becoming a novice, so that she might in due time become a nun
and die to the world. But for that dread news she would have per-
sisted in her desire to get away.
Still, she had taken the white veil, and had hoped by so doing
she would realise the ecstasy of joy she had heard about. To become
the spouse of Christ ! What more could the heart desire? And yet,
as we have said, after she had entered upon the period of her novi-
tiate she had been far from satisfied. Often she found herself
thinking of Harrington and her father, especially Harrington. She
had carefully hidden the ring he had given her, and as she had
hidden it she had said that she should never see it again. Never-
theless within a month of her taking the white veil, she found her-
self looking at it with eager eyes. Moreover, in spite of all her
efforts to the contrary, snatches of the songs they had sung together
came back to her mind, and with the songs, memories of the words
he had said and the looks he had given.
Could he, she asked herself again and again, forget her so
quickly? Could he who, up to the time of his meeting her, had kept
himself free from all matrimonial engagements, so suddenly forget
her and become affianced to another? Why should he? He was
not poor, and he had never suggested the fickle, unstable man. Had
she done right in doubting him? Kay more, had she done right in
becoming a novice at all '. She knew that her Confessor would tell
her that such thoughts were suggestions of the devil ; but had she ?
None of the ecstasy which she had expected had come to her, and
the days and nights at the convents became long and wearisome to
her. Perhaps it was her Protestant upbringing and her strong
commonsense which began to assert themselves, but so it was. She
began to question the use of all the daily routine and of the foolish,
childish penances. What did it all amount to, after all? What
good did such nuns as those in the Convent of the Mother of Sor-
rows do? They prayed according to rule, but why could they not
pray as well in the world ? Why were the prayers of a nun better
than those of a good woman who was a good wife and a good
WATSON'S MAGAZINE. 27
mother? Holy life! Her thoughts were no more holy now than
they were when she thought of becoming Harrington's wife. Why
were these nuns more pleasing to God than good women who did
the work of the world? The distrust, the espionage, the petty
jealousies which prevailed in the convent, they were so repulsive!
Besides, was there any real virtue in being shut away from the
world, away from temptation?
These and a hundred more questions haunted her. Her heart
ached for home, ached for her father, and ached more for the man
to whom she had plighted her. troth. Her soul rebelled against the
life she was leading, and she determined that she would take steps
to leave the convent.
She imagined it would be quite easy to do this. If she went to
the Mother Superior, and told of her doubts and fears, she would
be allowed to leave. She had been told that all those stories about
imprisonment in convents were so many wild inventions. Besides,
did not that girl who left the very day she had taken the white
veil find it easy to get away? If it was easy for this girl, why not
for her?
She thought it all out very carefully. Calling her strong com-
monsense to her aid, she faced the question of the future. Of what
did a nun's life consist? As far as she could see, it was made ud of
little items, paltrv details, whereby little by little all individuality,
all desire was to be killed. And this was pleasing to God! It was
pleasing to God to crush all thoughts of love for home, for parents,
for brother, for sisters, for lover! It was pleasing to God to crush
all thoughts which might be called worldly ! It was pleasing to God
if she was not sorry that her hair was cut off ! It was pleasing to
God if she caught cold while staying very long hours at prayers !
It was pleasing to God, this being hemmed in a gloomy building,
year in year out, until the end of life ! And then the end of it all !
After ten, twenty, thirty, or forty years, if she lived so long, she
would die, and when she went to God she. would be able to offer
him not life, but death ; not an ennobled personality, but a life out
of which all great positive elements were crushed. A nun's life was
a continuous negation, and this was delighting to God !
Her nature revolted against it. She longed for life, for activity,
for service, for love ! She wrote a letter to her father, and told him
that she wanted to leave the convent. As she handed the letter to
the Superior, unsealed, according to the rule which prevails in all
convents- "he reflected that probably it would never reach her father.
She afterwards went to the Reverend Mother, who spent an
hour in proving to her how sinful she was. She must not think of
leaving the convent. She had taken solemn vows, from which no
bishop had the power to grant dispensation. None but his Holiness
the Pope could do this. This was followed by another and a severer
lecture after confession. The priest laboured to prove to her that all
earthly happiness was of the devil, that all thoughts of rebellion
were sinful, that doubt was born in hell. God had spoken to her.
If she disobeyed Mother Superior or her Confessor, she disobeyed
God, and God's vengeance Mould be terrible. For her own soul's
sake, the thought of leaving the convent must not be entertained.
Penances, prayers, fastings, midnight vigils followed, and little
by little her will was worn down. She became very ill, too. and dur-
ing that illness all thoughts of rebellion seemed madness. She had
put her hand to the plough ; she must not turn back.
28 WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
Thus presently Joyce fell, from the standpoint of volition and
intellectuality, into a state of torpor. What mattered? It was for
her to obey, for by no other means could she obey God. Little by
little the chains of the conventual system were strengthened. She
felt as though her nature were contracted, narrowed. She was no
longer the old Joyce Raymond, gay. wilful, happy; she was only the
echo of her old self, a shadowy, bloodless creature, dreading to think
for fear she should think wrongly, dreading to act alone for fear
she should displease God.
By-and-by she began to grow indifferent to everything. Love
was dead, hope was dead. There was nothing in life for her but the
life of the convent. A feeling akin to death entered her heart. She
would have prayed that she might die, only such a prayer would be
wrong. Perhaps God in His goodness would take her to Himself.
And so it came about that Joyce ceased to crave permission to
leave, Instead, she became more and more submissive to the will of
her superiors, and when at length she was told that it was her voca-
tion to become a nun she meekly acquiesced. There was nothing else
she could do. She had no will to resist; the convent had done its
work. She became lost to time; day succeeded day. and week suc-
ceeded weelc with so little change that it did not matter, and when
at length she was told that the time of her probation was com-
pleted, and that it was time for her to take a nun's vows, it almost
startled her.
The day on which she became a nun was marked by the customary
ceremony of taking the veil. To all intents and purposes it was a
burial service. If she were true to her vows, she was dead. She
looked around the church, but no friendly face was near — she saw
neither father nor mother, brother nor sisters. Why were they not
there? Could it be as the Reverend Mother had said? Was it by
her mother's wish that she should hear no news from home? Had
her father forbidden every member of the household ever to mention
her name again? Was Harrington married to the rich brewer's
daughter? Well, it did not matter now. She was bidding her
final good-bye to the world. All enthusiasm was gone; the cere-
monial no longer moved her. She bowed her mind, her body, her
will to her superiors. She had taken the vow of Holy Obedience,
and the chief virtue of her life lay in keeping that vow.
Some time after the final ceremony she was commanded to come
to the Reverend Mother's room, and. to her surprise, she found on
entering that not only were three priests present, but three laymen
whom she had never seen before. For a moment a blush came to
her cheek: she seemed to feel a breath of life. On the table were
several pieces of parchment, and, as she entered, one of the laymen
scrutinised her closely.
"Your name is Joyce Raymond?" he said.
It was the first time she had heard her name spoken for many-
long months. Her heart beat violently. She wondered what was
in his mind.
"That was my name," she said; "but in religion it is Ursula."
"You wish to bestow all your property on the Church?" he said
abruptly.
She was about to say, "I have no property," when she caught the
Mother Superior's eye.
"Yes," she said,
WATSON'S MAGAZINE. 29
The man was about to speak again, when one of the priests
interposed.
"My child," said he, '"when you took your vows as a nun, you
renounced all your worldly goods, little or much. You bestowed
them on the Church in response for benefits received. Is not that
so?"
He looked towards Joyce, who replied in the affirmative to his
question.
• "This gentleman is a lawyer," said the priest, "and he has put
into proper form your wishes in the matter. Do you understand?"
"Yes, father," she replied.
"Then will you be pleased to listen while the lawyer reads the
will you have made, and then you can sign it."
She listened like one in a dream while the lawyer read the
document. After all, what did it matter? She had no property to
leave, and she could not understand why all this fuss was made.
Of course, she would sign it. She did not understand the terms that
were used; her brain was well-nigh made dizzy by the wording of
the document, but she had no doubt it was all right. She was quite
ready to sign.
"Of course, the young lady is of age?" said the lawyer.
"She was of age yesterday," said one of the priests. "See, here
is the certificate of her birth."
The lawyer looked at it carefully, and then returned it.
"Yes," he said; "of course her signature makes the deed valid.
Everything she has goes to the objects mentioned."
He placed the pen in her hand, and pointed to the place where
she must write her name. She could not tell why, her knees
trembled as she wrote. Perhaps it was because it was the first time
she had written the words "Joyce Eaymond" for more than two
years.
"That is all. my child," said the priest; "and you will be just in
time for Benediction."
Joyce left the room wondering. The few moments she had been
in the room had aroused something of the old life again. The
request for her signature had made her feel that she still possessed
a personality. For months her nature had been dormant, but now
old memories had been revived; she lived again. It is true her act
had been simply to sign away all claim she had to earthly posses-
sions, of which she had none, and yet the very act aroused her to
the sense of her own individuality.
Presently she returned to her cell, and began £o tninK. hhe
wondered why. seeing she had no property, they should get a lawyer
to draw up a document disposing of property. She remembered
some terms referring to lands, houses, shares, debentures, and a lot
of other things, which she bestowed on the Church in return for
benefits received. But she was penniless. The lawyer would have
to be paid. Why, then, should the convent authorities go to such
expense? Her mind was not very clear; but still the question
haunted her. It did more: it gave her a new interest in life. Little
by little it aroused her to a condition of mental activity. For
months her mind had been in a kind of torpor. There had been no
need to think; nay. more, thought had been discouraged, save
thought which bore directly on religious subjects. And she had
yielded. Little by little the atmosphere of the convent had dulled
her mental activities, and taken awav her interest in the world.
30 WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
But now she was alive. The document she had signed caused her
to remember terms she had heard her father and Harrington use.
and this opened the floodgates of memory.
When she went to sleep that night the question still haunted
her: why had she to sign a formal document, bestowing all her
possessions on the Church, when she had no posssessions i
For the next few days, in spite of the fact that nothing disturbed
the monotonous routine of the convent, she took a new interest in
life. She felt more like the Joyce of olden time. Why it was she
did not know, but it was the truth. The priest had told her that
her signature was only a matter of form, hut it awoke many
questions in her mind. With those questions life continued to assert
itself. She had taken the vow of death, hut she was not dead.
A week after the signing of the document referred to something
else happened. She was walking along one of the corridors whicn
led from the chapel to her cell, when she heard a voice which
startled her. It was the voice of the man hut for whom she would
never have entered the convent. Involuntarily she stopped. Rit-
zoonvs presence seemed to deprive her of power of action.
"Does she know anything?"
"Nothing."
"She has no suspicion that she is a great heiress?"
"Not the slightest."
"She signed without asking questions?"
"Of course."
The voices died away as the footsteps retreated. No names
were mentioned. The conversation which took place between Rit-
zoom and the Reverend Mother might refer to a thousand people,
hut her brain whirled. SomehowT she felt that they were talking
about her. "She signed without question?" were the words which
made every nerve in her body tingle.
She felt thankful that she had a cell where she could be alone to
think. She moved towards it with almost feverish haste, and when
she had entered and shut the door, she recalled every word she had
heard.
For a time her thoughts were confused, but gradually her old
strength and individuality asserted themselves.
"She has no suspicion that she is a great heiress?"
( Did that mean her? How could it? To whom could she be
heiress? Her father was a struggling lawyer, who had been so
poor that he had not been able to send her to a good school. It is
true he had been making a better income while she had been at
Bruges, so much better, indeed, that he had arranged to send her to
a good school in Germany. But still, he was only a poor man. How
could Ritzoom's words refer to her, then?
Her mind went back to the conversation she had heard between
her father and her mother in the old days of their poverty and their
happiness. She remembered hearing her father speaking of his
father as a rich man. Had — had ?
Her young, vivid imagination began to take flight. A thousand
possibilities presented themselves. Everything was unreal, nothing
existed hut pure conjecture, but everything made a difference to
Joyce. If there were any truth in her conjecture, she had been
made to sign a document not knowing the purport thereof. Even
the bare possibility made her almost angry. What might it mean
if she icere an heiress? Would she give everything unreservedly
WATSON'S MAGAZINE. 31
to the Church? She thought of her father and of his long years of
devoted love : It is true he was not Catholic, and she had been told
that he had been very cruel to her mother, but she could not forget
his tender love for her.
Presently, however, the associations of the past three years grew
stronger again. After all, nothing mattered now. Suppose she
were rich, she could possess nothing. A nun could not have
property; it was inimical to her soul's salvation. Besides, she had
taken the vow of obedience. It was for her to obey in all things,
to live the life of a nun, and not think of the world. No, no; all
was past and over. Even if she knew she were very rich, and she
were told to sign away all her riches, she would obey: there was
nothing else she could do. Had she not taken the vows of poverty,
chastity, and obedience? And, after all, were not all her thoughts
wild and groundless? How could what she had happened to hear
refer to her? No, no; she must not be foolish ; she must resign her-
self to the living death of the convent.
Nevertheless, when she awoke the next morning, she knew that
she was not the Joyce Raymond of a month before. Poor fool,
want of proper exercise, the narrow artificial life which she had
led, fasting, vigils, flagellations, and the morally enervating atmos-
phere of the place had reduced her body to a nerveless, bloodless
condition, and her mind to torpor; but a resurrection had taken
place. She felt that some new influence were around her. The
spirit of expectancy possessed her. Two years of living death, in
which she had been trained to believe that petty trivalities were
pleasing to God, would have utterly overwhelmed some lives; but
Joyce on her father's side came of a strong, vigorous stock, and until
she had entered religion she never knew what ill health meant.
Something was about to happen— what, she did not know; why
she believed it she did not know, but she did believe it; and thus,
when she received a summons to go into the room of the Reverend
Mother she was not startled. She had no other thought than to
obey — she felt sure that she should do whatever they might com-
mand her ; nevertheless there was decision in her step as she walked,
and her eyes were steady as she looked.
When she entered the Reverend Mother's room, she saw, beside
the Reverend Mother herself, three priests, one of whom was Father
Ritzoom. A number of papers lay on the table, suggestive of the
papers she had once seen in her father's office when she had
visited it.
32 WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
CHAPTER XXXV.
A REBELLIOUS NUN.
She stood before the priests quietly, and looked from one to the
other. What did this mean I
"My child,"' said Ritzoom, "it is my joy to hear such good reports
of you from the Reverend Mother. She tells me that you have
consecrated yourself wholly to your Divine Spouse, that you are
making great progress in the religious life, and that your piety is
most edifying to the community."
Kitzoom let his deep, mysterious eyes rest upon her as she spoke,
and yet she did not feel his power as she had felt it when he had
told her it was a sin to think of Harrington, and that in order to
kill her love she must go into a convent. Still, she could not help
being sensible to the masterfulness of his presence. Was he not a
priest, and was he not deep in the councils of the Church ?
"Thank you, father," she said meekly.
"It rejoices me to say this," went on Ritzoom. "When I think
of the condition of mind in which I found you, two years ago, when
I reflect on the terrible danger you were in, and then when L
remember what the Reverend Mother tells me about you, my thank-
fulness is unspeakable. It always gives me joy to think of a young
nun who shall oecome worthy of being a Mother Superior."
Again he fixed his eyes upon her. He had suggested to her the
great ambition of a nun's life. To become a Reverend Mother!
Such an honour generally fell to nuns who had been rich, or who
were well connected, and for a moment Joyce's heart was thrilled
by his words.
"A few days ago you signed a document whereby you legally
enacted what really took place when you took your vows. Of course,
it was a mere matter of form. A nun can have no property, and
you, as a dutiful child, signed away all possibility of worldly temp-
tation."
Again the priest hesitated, while Joyce's heart beat violently.
Again the old doubts were aroused. She did not speak, but she
listened eagerly.
"It is very unfortunate," continued Ritzoom, '"but the English
law is very peculiar. Even amidst your holy avocations I shall be
obliged to disturb your thoughts by asking you to sign papers; but
I will make it as easy as possible. All you have to do is to write
your secular name as I shall direct, and then I need not trouble yoa
further."
He held out the pen as he spoke, and with his left hand pointed
to a legal-looking document.
"Why should I sign, seeing I have no property?"
The words came out suddenly. She had not meant to say any-
thing, but she seemed to speak in spite of herself.
"Because it is my will that you do so."
She knew not why, but a rebellious spirit came into her heart.
Something awoke in her being which had been lying dormant.
"But I should like to read what I have to sign," she said.
"My child!" exclaimed Ritzoom.
"I remember, years ago, that my father said it was criminal for
anyone to sign a document without having carefully read it."
"You have no father," said Ritzoom.
WATSON'S MAGAZINE. 33
The girl felt a groat pain in her heart.
"Is he dead?" she gasped.
"He is dead to you," said the priest. "Those who enter the
religious life die to father and mother. Besides, the man you called
your father was an enemy to your soul."
Ritzoom felt he had struck a wrong note. He saw the girl's
face harden, saw her lips eompress. He would have recalled his
words if he could, but it was impossible. As for Joyce, she felt
angry. The picture of her father arose in her mind — the kindest
and most loving father ever a girl had: a good man, too, whatever
the priest might sa}7.
"But enough of that," went on Ritzoom; "it is necessary that
you should sign these documents, and when you have signed them
you can return to your duties."
"I should like to read what I have to sign," she said stubbornly.
-Why?"
Ritzoom had not meant to have asked the question, but the word
escaped him unawares.
"Because it means that I have property."
She was not afraid now. The feeling of determination grew.
She was surprised at herself.
"How7 can you have property?" asked Ritzoom. "Were you nor
received here without a dowry? Is not the man you called your
father a poor struggling lawyer? How, then, can you have
property?"
"Why should I sign those papers then?" she persisted.
'"Because — but it is not for me to explain. It is for you to obey
unquestioningly, unhesitatingly. Was not this your vow? Sign,
I say."
Stubbornly she placed her hands behind her back.
"Let me read what I have to sign," she said. All her old
independence of spirit characterised her again. She felt angry at
the wTay the man was treating her; the suspicions which had been
aroused became convictions.
"Why should you w'ish to read?" asked Ritzoom. "Is not our
word and our will sufficient ?"
"I wish to read because I am an heiress," said Joyce.
"An heiress! Of whom?" asked Ritzoom scornfully.
"My grandfather."
It was only a guess, but it struck home. In spite of himself Rit-
zoom was staggered. The girl knew7 more than he expected. How
did she obtain her knowledge?
"How did you know?" he asked.
Joyce Raymond was quick-witted enough now. The excitement
of the moment had made her brain abnormally clear. The man's
behaviour had aroused her innate independence of will. Besides,
she saw that he had inadvertently given aw7ay everything in the
question he had asked.
"My grandfather is dead, and he has left me money," said Joyce,
with a woman's quick inuition.
"And what then?" said the priest. "You have taken the vow
of poverty, and by that vow you have bestowed everything on the
Church. You have taken the vow of holy obedience, and by that
vow I command you to sign these papers."
"I want to know what I am to sign," she persisted.
"You were received without dowry," said the priest. "Suppose,
34 WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
instead of being penniless, as you were when you entered, you have
some little property, .should you not bestow it on the Church which
has bestowed such inestimable blessings on you?"
Joyce was surprised at her own courage.
"My father gave me a home for nineteen years," she said, "and
if I have property 1 would not forget him."
The girl's stubbornness angered the priest. If she persisted iu
her refusal, the Church could not have the right to administer her
property during her life. Numberless complications would arise.
Joyce would learn that Harrington, instead of being married to
another woman, had sought her diligently for more than two years,
and then all the plans which he had so carefully prepared would
end in nothing, lie hated defeat, he had vowed that he would not
be defeated, and her continued refusal made him forget himself.
"In the name of the Almighty ! In the name of the Holy
Virgin!" he cried; then, pointing to the crucifix, he continued, "By
His holy cross and passion, and by virtue of your vow of holy
obedience, 1 command you to sign these papers. Whatever you have,
whatever you are, you have made a holocaust to the Church — body,
mind, soul, you owe all to the Church. If you refuse, you refuse to
obey God — you who have taken the holy vows. Remember the
Church's power ; remember the doom of the disobedient, the unfaith-
ful, and sign!"
She was but a young girl who stood there before these priests
and the Mother Superior; for years her mind had been warped
according to their wills; for years she had been taught to attach a
mysteic meaning to their offices, and to regard obedience to their
will as her holiest duty. But she was not afraid. In spite of her-
self, in spite of the atmosphere she had breathed so long, Kitzoom
had less power over her now than when he had urged her to enter
the convent. She knew its life. She had realised all that the Church
could give her, and she had not been satisfied. Besides, the fact that
these people had tried to deceive her angered her. Her suspicions
multiplied. Had they been honest with her all the way through,
and had they not thought of this money from the beginning?
Besides, with a woman's curiosity, she wanted to know what these
papers contained.
"1 want to read before I sign."
"But you could not understand."
"Then let my father come and explain."
She wondered at her own strength and daring.
"You who have vowed holy obedience to God, dare to disobey
God ! Think of it ! Think of the awful doom which will follow !
Sign, for your soul's sake !"
.''Let me read what I have to sign, then. Why am 1 kept in
ignorance? Why have I not been told of my grandfather's death?
Why has not my father been brought to me?"
She asked the questions quietly, but with a kind ot dogged per-
sistence. The depths of her nature, which even the Lonvent life had
never been able to reach, kept on asserting itself; the old Protestant
training was bearing its fruit.
She was sent back to her cell. When she had entered and shut
the door all her strength departed. Her senses left her. First came
a great confusion — then darkness and oblivion.
When she awoke to consciousness she was lying on the floor. At
first, she knew not why she was there; she could not realise what
WATSON'S MAGAZINE. 35
had taken place; but presently her memory assorted itself. For
hours she sal alone, then presently a priest entered. He was very
suave, very insinuating. He scarcely referred to what had taken
place, hut for the good of her soul he inflicted certain penances.
Fasting, bodily flagellations, prayers. By this means her mind was
to be brought into submission to the will of God.
The next day she was brought into the Mother Superior's room
again, and again Ritzoom commanded her to sign. He pleaded
with her. he urged with her, he argued with her, he threatened her.
Her head became dizzy, her strength ebbed from her, out still she
persisted in her refusal.
"I desire, i fl have property, to fully repay the convent for all
it has done for me." she said; "but I will know what I sign, I will
read every word, and I will understand."
What sustained her in her refusal she did not know. Perhaps
her very suspicion of Father "Ritzoom was responsible for a great
deal. He had tried to deceive her in this matter, and if she had
been deceived in this matter, why not in others? Perhaps, after all,
Harrington still loved her. It is true she had been led to take vows,
but her heart still cried out for him. She had entered the convent
through fear, and since she had been there, although it seemed that,
she had acted from her own free will, she felt that she had been
forced from one stage to another.
It has been said that anyone reared a Protestant, even if they
become converted to Roman Catholicism, can never forget Protestant
training, and therefore never become amendable to Roman Catholic
usages, like others who are reared as Romanists. Probably this is
true, for although Joyce stood alone against the cleverest and most
powerful man in the Jesuit order, she persisted in her refusal. In
spite of her "vows of holy obedience." she refused to obey.
At the close of the second interview, however, a new look came
into Ritzoom's eyes, and he adopted a diiferent attitude.
"You are not well, my child," he said. "You are not strong
enough to bear even this slight contact with the world. You need
not wait longer. Besides, I think your mind is unhinged. You have
all sorts of wild fancies which have no foundation in fact."
"No," she said, "my mind is not unhinged. I know perfectly
well what I am talking about."
"Nevertheless, we do not need you longer," said Ritzoom. "More-
over, my child, you may be perfectly at rest now. Nothing will hap-
pen to disturb your mind again."
A strange smile played around his lips as he spoke — a smile
which made the girl shudder. She had not partaken of food for
many hours, and she felt as though she could not resist his will much
longer.
For hours she remained alone in her cell. How long she did not
not know, for her mind was dazed by all she had passed through.
All she knew was that it was after dark when someone brought her
a bowl of some kind of gruel. She ate it mechanically, and then,
after she had eaten, a feeling of drowsiness came over her, and she
fell asleep.
Meanwhile. Ritzoom sat alone with the Mother Superior. They
talked together for more than two hours, quietly, earnestly. The
woman's eves were large with terror: oft-times she started to her
feet, and looked around the apartment as though she dreaded that
their conversation was heard. As for Ritzoom, his face was not
36 WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
blanched, neither did a nerve quiver. In his eves was the same
mysterious look, around his lips played the smile which had so
frightened .Joyce t&aymond.
"You understand, Reverend Mother?" he said at length.
"Yes, I understand," she replied. Her voice was husky; her fact
even her lips, were ashy pale.
"1 think I have explained everything."
"Yes, everything."
"The child is suffering here; she must be removed to another
convent, to a place which is more bealthy."
"Yes."
"Disease is marked upon her face. Anyone can set* that her
heart is not strong."
" Yes."
"I should say she had better be removed speedily very speedily,
and directly she arrives at her destination a doctor he called in. A
doctor of high respectability — a Protestant preferred."
"Yes."
The woman spoke in monosyllables, seemingly without volition.
During the early part of the interview she hail spoken freely, at
times passionately, hut now she was quiet, subdued, taciturn.
"I think that is all — as far as you are concerned,'' went on Rit-
zoom. "I will arrange for everything — elsewhere."
"Very well."
Ritzoom left the room. A little later he left the convent.
Although it was the height of summer, the night was dark. Had
it been daylight, and had anyone seen him walking, that one would
have said that he walked like an old man.
Hours later a conveyance came to the convent doors, and presently
a woman, who appeared to be weak and ill. was carefully lifted out
and placed in the carriage.
"Who has left tonight?" asked one nun of another.
"Sister Ursula."
"Do you know why she has gone?"
"I have heard that her health is very bad, and she is to be taken
to a healthier place."
"Where? Do vou know?"
"No."
"Ah. well, the poor thing has looked very ill lately. When I saw
her yesterday she seemed like a ghost."
"Yes; I saw her too."
When Xed Harrington and Walter Raymond had left the Con-
vent of the Mother of Sorrows, near the town of St. Winnifred's,
in Loamshire. Harrington had offered a very significant remark.
"I am expecting news about Joyce," he said, and then he rapidly
led the way to the post office, which was also the telegraph office for
the town.
"Do you know," said Walter Raymond, after they had walked
some distance, "do vou know that we have forgotten one thing?"
"What is that?"
"We have not visited her grave."
"No, we have not done that."
Both men were evidently much moved. There was a look in their
eyes which was difficult to interpret, and each seemed to be afraid
to ask the other of what he was thinking.
WATSON'S MAGAZINE. 37
"You do not wish to go?"
"No, I do not wish to go," said Ned Harrington.
The two men exchanged glances, and then neither spoke again
until they had reached the post office.
"Is there a telegram for me?" said Harrington.
The girl looked at him keenly, and then handed him a brown
envelope. Harrington caught the look on her face. "You have
something t<> tell me," he said.
"No; that is. nothing particular," said the girl nervously. "Only
it is a good thing you were so particular in your directions this
morning."
-Why?"
"Because if you hadn't been I should very likely have given it
to a man who said you had sent him."
"Ah! someone said 1 had sent him, eh?"
"Yes; but I didn't give it to him. I didn't like the look of him,
and I didn't let on that one had come. You see, you were so very
particular that I couldn't make a mistake."
"Exactly how long is that ago?"
"Oh. less than half an hour. You didn't send anyone, did you?"
"You did quite right not to give it to him. What kind of a man
was he?"
"Oh, he looked all right except for his eyes — a tall, thin man,
with a black beard."
"Just so. Good afternoon."
He had barely left the post office when he saw standing at the
street corner, but almost hidden by a conveyance, a tall man, but he
wore no beard.
Harrington made no remark. He did not look to see what the
envelope contained. Instead, the two walked side by side towards
the hotel. Harrington pointing out objects of interest on the awy.
Once inside the door of the hotel, he tore open the telegram.
"Come on, my friend," he said, as soon as he had read it. He
led the way into the room they had engaged for the day, and then
he took a time-table from his bag.
"Tell me, Ned. what is it?"
"I tell you nothing, except to hope."
"Hope "what?"
"Hope evervthing."
"It's Hitzoom?"
"Of course."
"You do not believe she's dead?"
"I feel sure she is not. But we must be careful. Do not ask me
more now. You heard what the girl said about the man who asked
for my telegram?"
"Yes, we must avoid him. I see that."
"Yes; in spite of what the girl says, he may believe that a mes-
sage has come for me. Walter, are vou good for a ten-mile walk?"
"For twenty."
"Ten is enough."
They were both quiet. In spite of the tremendous issues which
they believed depended on prompt and wise action, there were no
ejaculations, no foolish waste of words. Walter Raymond had been
thinking quietly, and he believed he had seen into his friend's
mind.
Harrington spoke a few words to the hotel proprietor, and, hav-
38
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
ing paid their bill, they left the hotel. They walked quietly and
slowly; they might have been tourists who had decided to quietly
investigate the beauties, of the neighborhood.
When they had left the town well behind them, and seeing no
one in the road, they increased their speed.
'.'You wish to catch a train without going to the St. Winnifred's
station," said Walter.
"Yes; if we go to Migby Junction, we shall catch an express
which will pass through St. Winnifred's."
"I see."
Alter that they spoke in low tones. They seemed to he afraid
that even the hedges might have ears.
The afternoon was warm, hut they did not heed the heat. Milt-
after mile they walked. Every movement of their bodies, every
stride they made forward told that they were grim, determined
men; but the look of despair had gone from both their eves.
When they neared Migby Junction Harrington looked at his
watch.
"We must run for it, Walter," he said.
"Very well."
Walter Raymond seemed made of iron. The two men ran hard
for ten minutes; they had barely reached the station when the train
entered.
"It is well there is no heart disease in your family, my friend,"
said the young barrister, as they sat in the carriage and wiped the
perspiration from their faces.
"Yes.*" said Raymond. Tie laughed as he spoke, but there was a
look of terrible anxiety on his face, nevertheless.
Three hours later these men came to a farmhouse among the
fields a good many miles from St. "Winnifred's. When they came up
to the front door, they were met by a young woman. It was the
young woman these men had seen in the restaurant in London long
months hefore.
(to be continued.)
Female Convents.
By Mr. de Potter.
It was determined", in consequence, not to allow them any longer
the privilege of asylum, and a law was passed, which enjoined the
public authority to seize, for the future, every refugee, in whatever
asylum he might be found— civil debtors, not fraudulent bankrupts,
only excepted— and to carry him before the ordinary tribunals, for
the purpose of being sentenced, if sufficient cause was shown, to ten
years' confinement in irons, in case of his crime deserving capital
punishment; to live, if it deserved ten; and so en, always mitigating
the punishment, out of regard to the spot on which he had been
apprehended. This was the only method of managing the affair,
so as to preserve the rights of the sovereign entire, to show respect
for the privileges of the churches, and to put an end to irregulari-
ties and crimes, which the honor, the dignity, and even the conscience
of the prince, forbade him to tolerate any longer.
Another document illustrative of the ecclesiastical condition of
Tuscany, before the administration of Ricci, contains some curious
details of abuses, both as it regards the number and discipline of
the religious orders. It is a letter of Kucellai, December, 1770,
written in reply to some questions which the Grand Duke had ad-
dressed to him.
Leopold had requested him to make out plans: 1, for diminishing
as quickly as possible the number of convents in Tuscany, and of the
individuals inhabiting them, and also for preventing foreigners
from becoming inmates of them; 2, for the prevention of religious
vows, at an earlier age than twenty-four years; 3, for prohibiting
mendicants of religious orders from receiving novices before the
age of sixteen or eighteen; 4, for suppressing all convents of mendi-
cant orders containing fewer than twelve persons; 5, for enabling
the secular priests only, and especially the curates, to preach in the
country, and for preventing the monks from exercising that func-
tion; 6, for excluding the monks from the direction of female con-
vents, which ought to be regulated in spiritual matters by the ordi-
naries only.
Kucellai savs in reply :— ''The support and duration of religious
orders depend partly on the success of the monks in procuring re-
cruits, and partly on the interest which families have in supplying
them with them." This could not possibly be the case if perpetual
vows were not taken ?t so early an age as sixteen; at an age whicn
has no safeguard either against seduction or violence. The monks
accordingly showed themselves particularly anxious, at the Council
of Trent to retain this privilege, in order, as they -aid. to prevent
the destruction of the monastic establishments.
This avowal, on their part, points out the line of conduct which
ought to be adopted by Government: for as the vows which the
individual takes upon him, deprive him of various rights which he
former! v possessed, and free him, much to the prejudice of his
fellow-citizens and of his country, according to the tenor of the
Canon law, from the performance of various duties which he wis
40 WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
bound to discharge to society, the temporal <>r civil power ought to
regulate every thing relating to solemn vows and professions, in
the same manner that it regulate- ;ill other civil acts, and to limit
and modify them agreeably to what its existence and it- interests
appear to require.
It is absolutely necessary that the sovereign should have it in
Ins power to prohibit the putting on of the religious habit without
his express permission. Rome, however, has always opposed such
an exercise of authority, to the utmost of her power. She saw
clearly that the establishment of such a regulation would, in the
end. destroy, or at least greatly weaken, her religious communities,
"which she justly regardss as so many collective bodies of her sub
jects; as armed legions, which she maintains abroad at the expense
of the countries in which they so Mindly execute her orders. These
orders she veils with the mantle of religion, and has the art of
getting them as well executed by those to whom she intrusts them, as
if they had a personal interest in doing what not unfrequently
exposes them to all the vengeance of their Governments."
Koine will be just as clamorous against the adoption of an\
measures for regulating the time and mode of taking vows, as if
these measures were offensive to the Almighty himself.
Rucellai would not fix any age, as the lawful one, for the solemn
profession of vows, unless Rome consented to it; this he does not
believe that she would do. even though she were compelled, for the
purpose of giving a refusal", to recognise the superior authority of
the Council of Trent, to which she would probably have recourse
under such circumstances, although she has violated its decisions in
so many others. The ulterior obligation of vows, taken canonically
at the age of sixteen, would therefore still remain: wihle the sov-
ereign would only have succeeded in obliging his subjects to deceive
him.
He proposes to prohibit the adoption of the ecclesiastical an 1
religious habit, under any pretext whatever, before the age of
twenty-one.
Children who submit to the tonsure at the age of seven, and
young people who enter the convent at fifteen, although not bound
by any particular obligation, do not afterwards leave off their reli-
gious profession. uThat profession, in the present state of things,
is one which is expressly made for those whom circumstances had
designed for a life of industry; namely, for the great mass of man-
kind. From the age of seven or ten. till twenty-four, young people,
destined for profession, are only tauhgt the service of the church-
a little Latin, and some theological definitions — a kind of knowledge
which cannot be exchanged to much pecuniary advantage, except by
the clergy." They must embrace this profession, therefore, either
voluntarily or by force; and even when they are totally incapable,
and their conduct has been such as to render them utterly unworthy
of being admitted into it, the bishops, through compassion for them
and their family, make no scruple in letting them pass.
One might almost say that they had become monks or priests,
from the very moment they put on the livery of the Church, which.
by depriving them of all other means of making a livelihood, neces-
sarily condemns them to the exercise of the ecclesiastical profession.
Thus they have bound themselves to become priests when they
should be of age to embrace the profession, in the same way as an
apprenticed mason, by exercising his trade in his early years, binds
WATSON'S MAGAZINE. 41
himself to it for the rest of his life. Rucellai shows that his scheme,
so fit for rooting out, at a single blow, the whole of the inferior
clergy- the greatest part of the ecclesiastical hierarchy — would give
great offence to the Court of Rome, terrify the people, and be pro-
ductive of embarrassment to the Government.
In regard to diminishing the number of nuns, he is of opinion,
that nothing can he done in that way without previously facilitat-
ing marriages, or Inning procured for women some middle resource
between marriage and religious profession — a resource which did
not exist in Tuscany. The Government will therefore be obliged to
rest contented, with prohibiting the superiors from receiving more
novices than they have the means of supporting, the number of
which ought to be fixed: as well as from receiving any portion along
with them at the time of taking the vows.
If the sole question relate to diminishing the number of monks,
great care ought to be taken in endeavoring to accomplish that
object, lest the means employed should have any tendency to fill the
Tuscan convents with foreign monks; to incite the Tuscans to adop^
the profession elsewhere ; or, finally, to prevent young students from
other countries from repairing for their education to the Tuscan
monasteries.
The step which ought to be adopted, is to cause an exact account
to be given of the temporal wealth of the monks; and wdien that has
been procured, to fix the precise number of individuals whom they
are able to maintain, and, consequently, to receive in each establish-
ment. This ought to be accompanied by an order to observe strictly
the injunctions of the Bulls, the rules, and institutes of the different
orders; by which means those small conventts in the country, which
are prohibited by the Bulls, and which, besides being totally useless
to religion, are a source of scandal to the people, and of impoverish-
ment to a very valuable class of the community, the villagers, will
be at length abolished. The funds arising from this source ought,
whatever may be the clamors of the Court of Rome, to be appro-
priated to beneficent institutions, as is the case at Venice and other
places.
There are various religious orders who live solely by begging
alms; such as the Capuchins, the Observantines, the Barefooted
Carmelites, the Augustinians. and others, who, though originally
mendicants, scarcely retain any trace of their profession, beyond the
mere name and the pontifical privilege attached to it. Francis in-
tended his disciples to live by the labor of their hands, and only to
implore the aids of charity when they found themselves unable to
earn what was necessary for their subsistencee. The Pope and the
theologians declared, that the only labor which had been ordained
for them was entirely spiritual; while the Council of Trent, depart-
ing from the strictness of their rule, gave them power, like the rest
of the mendicant orders, the Capuchins and Observantines only ex-
pected, to acquire and possess property. The income of those monks
must be exactly ascertained, by calculating the product arising from
their masses, the charities which they receive, and the profit accru-
ing from tthe direction of the convents. When that has been done,
their numbers must be restrained, and every species of begging.
especially in the country, forbidden, as well as all the pious frauds
which they employ in the churches for making money: such as
enrolment in the third order, devotion to \\ie name of Jesus, to
Anthony. &c,
42
WATSON'S MAGAZIXIv
Wherever the existing revenues are found insufficient to main-
tain such a number <»!' those parasitical plants a- it may have been
deemed necessary i" support, notwithstanding the progress <>l' civi-
lization, Rucellai advised the Government to make up the deficiency
by means of pensions. Society will thus purchase, say- he. by the
sacrifice of a small sum of money, a deliverance from the dangerous
influence, both in a moral and political point of dew, to which the
scandalous beggary of the clergy subjects it. Besides, l>y giving
them a pension, the Government will acquire an authority over
them, which it never could have obtained in any other way. and will
have the power to diminish their numbers as it may deem proper,
by diminishing their salaries."
(to be continued.)
ANOTHER "PLEA FOR PEACE."
BLESSED are the peace makers—
so says the Book whose flyleaf, in
the Catholic version, carries the
Admonition which forbids Catholic
laymen to read it.
Assuming that "the Catholic Lay-
men's Association of Georgia" is com-
posed of orthodox members of the Ro-
man Sect, and that they have banded
together under the benediction of the
nearest priests, I must express my deep
regret that we have in our midst so
many virtuous citizens who claim to
be educated Christians, but who never
Search the Scriptures.
How can a Christian understand the
Gospels, unless he reads them 1
And how can a Catholic layman read
them, without disobeying the papal
Admonition which warns him not to do
it?
Ash the Catholic layinen to produce
their Bibles! ask them ! ! !
. Hear what they will say. Watch
them squirm. Listen to them churn
words. See them scoot around the cor-
ner.
They haven't got any Bibles.
Even if they had a copy, they would
have to heed that Admonition, printed
on the flv-leaf, commanding them to
leave the Book unread, unless the prit st
permits and guides.
Don*t take my word for it: look at
the Catholic Bible, and see for yoursell
That Admonition, which closes the
Book to the Catholic laymen, has been
a part of the law of the Roman church
ever since 1563.
Why was it adopted and enforced i
To prevent Luther and Calvin and
John Knox and Zuinglius from leading
all the Catholic laymen out of then-
Paganized church.
No student of the Bible ever became
a papist, never.
No student of the Gospels could pos-
sibly worship Mary and Joseph.
No searcher of the Scriptures could
ever believe that he was swallowing
God, when he gulped down a piece of
wafer; or believe that a liquid, coming
into church as wine, could go away, in
the stomach of a priest, as the blood of
the Almighty.
In order to pin one's faith to such
monstrosities, one has to be caught
young, educated apart from sane
youth, kept from interchanging ideas
with rational men, and admonished net
to read the Bible.
However, I am pleading for Peace.
and must avoid controversy.
The Catholic Laymen's Association
of Georgia, fervently assures us that it
wants ''peace and friendship."
In Georgia, only?
We do not hear any dulcet tones in
the Catholic papers of the East, North
and West.
It has not been many months since
the Catholic Editors were exulting over
the outrages perpetrated upon Dr.
Joseph Slattery, in New Jersey; Rev.
Otis Spurgeon, in Denver; Dr. Bar-
nett. in Philadelphia; Thomas E. Ley-
den, in Massachusetts; and the Evange-
list Bolles, in Illinois.
Every time a Catholic paper refers
to the dastardly assassination of Wil-
liam Black, by the Knights of Colum-
bus, they gloat over the crime.
Archbishop Prendergast's organ, two
tceeks ago, boasted of the fact that the
Catholics of a town in the middle-
West drove Billy Parker out, refusing
to let him speak.
This suppression of free speech oc-
curred since the Catholic Laymen of
Georgia published their soporific dope.
Did not the St. Augustine priests,
Curley and O'Brien, bitterly revile
Governor Catts, because he, at his in-
44
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
auguration, gave respectful treatment
to Dr. and Mrs. Joseph Slatteryl
Is not the press of Florida still
vibrating with the rancorous diatribes
of Curley and O'Brien!
Evidently, the Plea for Peace is ad-
dressed to Georgia, alone.
Whenever the Catholics can safely
enforce the law of their church against
Protestants, they enforce it.
The priest is sworn to persecute, and
the layman takes his religion from the
priest.
No Catholic layman has a mind of his
own, in matters of "faith." He has
been taught, that it is the acme and per-
fection of Christian manhood not to
have any manhood, in church affairs.
Archbishop Munderlein, of Chicago,
who owns fifty million dollars worth
of untaxed property, told his laymen
that they were not to do any thinking
when he was around; and, since he, or
some other Roman prelate, is always
"around," the Catholic laymen never
do any thinking at all.
If they did, they would ask them-
selves, how it was that the Gospel sys-
tem, which gave Catholic laymen the
right to elect pastors, bishops, cardi-
nals, and popes, underwent such a revo-
lutionary change, leaving the laymen
nothing to do in church matters, except
TO PAY AND OBEY !
If I were not pleading for peace. I'd
ask the Laymen's Association how and
when that revolution was effected.
Let us take for granted that the
Catholic Laymen's Association really
seek harmonious relations with their
non-Catholic neighbors, and then let us
examine the probabilities.
They remind us that Catholics and
Protestants fought together during the
Revolutionary War. and the War be-
tween the States; and that Catholics
and Protestants have been amicably
connected with one another in commer-
cial, professional, and social life.
That is true. But was it ever true
of a country where the Catholics had
the upper hand/
No, IT NEVER WAS.
The Pittsburgh Observer, the organ
of Bishop Canevin, had an editorial a
few days ago, boasting that in Catholic
Spain the Protestants arc qo! allowed
to build a house of worship in the style
of a church, or to display in public any
symbol of their faith.
Every Protestant missionary who
has worked in Catholic countries tell-
a graphic story of Roman Catholic i M>r-
secution — not in the Dark Age-, hut
now!
In Mexico, in Central America, and
in South America, it is impossible for
Protestants to be at peace with Cath-
olics because the priests can — mid do —
keep their oath to />< VSecute.
Have we forgotten the virulent
tirades of the Roman Bishop of
Panama againsl the Protestant Con-
gress, last year?
Didn't he compel the President of
that hand-made Republic to withdraw
his permit for the Protestant use of the
municipal building i
Didn't the Roman prelates of the
United States join loudly in the scur-
rillous tirades of the Bishop of
Panama 3
Three years ago. the Roman priests
made a bonfire at Vigan. in the Philip-
pine Islands — out of what combusti-
bles?
Out of 2,500 Bibels!
What did the Catholic papers of this#
country say about it?
They defended the sacrilege and
jubilated over it.
Was any priest punished for the de-
struction of books which belonged to a
Protestant Missionary Society?
No. Priests are seldom punished.
Our Government found the Filipinos
in revolt against the intolerable vices.
and crimes of the Roman Cath-
olic friars: accepted the military
aid of these Filipinos again Spain;
and then, after Spain had been driven
out, our Government flung the natives
back into the clutches of Rome: and
now the vices and crimes of the priests
are about as bad as they ever were.
So, as I said, the peace and friend-
ship between Catholic and Protestant
never exists, where the Catholic has
the upper hand.
Look back over the history of the
United States, and find, if you can,
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
45
when it was that strife arose between
the sects.
Get the date! Then inquire what
happened, to change the peaceable rela-
tions previously existing.
Did the Protestants make any change
in their attitude toward the Govern-
ment, the laws, and the Catholic popu-
lation?
None whatever.
Every basic principle of Anglo-
Saxon liberty was left unmolested.
The Protestants continued to revere
the Great Charter, the Bill of Eights,
the great fundamentals of civil and re-
ligious liberty.
In the Code of Freedom not a t was
crossed, nor an i dotted : as our Fathers
delivered the sacred, blood-bought
heritage to us, so we intended to de-
liver it to our children.
Who. began to make war upon this
holv code of liberty?
Who began to denounce it, educate
and agitate against it, stealthily violate
it, and covertly supplant it with a for-
eign, antagonistic code.
You did — you catholics!
There's where you set fire to the
prairie, and you needn't doubt that the
flames are spreading.
What did you do? How did you
provoke us to rise against you ?
(1.) You did it by organizing, arm-
ing, and drilling new secret societies,
bound by oaths of treason to your for-
eign sovereign.
You haven't got Bibles in your
homes, but you've got rifles there.
For whom, did you get those guns?
How often did you think you could
parade Baltimore, Washington, and
Philadelphia— marching as the Pope's
militia, and carrying those rifles— with-
out stirring Protestant passions?
(2.) You did it, by suddenly dis-
covering that Christopher Columbus
deserved a National Holiday, after that
original slave-catcher and slave-dealer
had been dead nearly 500 years; and
you took exclusive control of this Co-
lumbus Day, with your odious papal
parade, your foreign papal flags, your
insolent and pompous priests, your ar-
rogant papal orations, your challenging
display of swords and guns and uni-
forms and military formation.
You wanted that Columbus Day, not
for Columbus, but for your foreign
lord, the Italian pope.
You wanted to flaunt his colors, his
emblems, his armed forces in our faces,
to intimidate us, and prepare us for
the coming of papal supremacy.
Why were you Catholics so long in
discovering that you needed more se-
cret societies, and a holiday all your
own?
AVhen you drew yourselves apart
from us, and armed yourselves in your
secret lodges against us, and then
paraded your boasted military strength
before our eyes, did it never occur to
you that you were giving us mortal
offense?
We had not done anything to pro-
voke you. We had not taken secret
oaths to boycott you, discriminate
against you, ostracise you, and, if need
be, kill you.
We were patronizing your lawyers,
doctors and dentists; we' were trading
at your stores; Ave were shipping our
cotton to your factors; we even sent
our children to your schools.
Who changed all this?
You DID.
You cannot draw apart from your
neighbors, without losing your friends !
It simply can't be done.
(3.) You won't let your children at-
tend our public schools': you draw n line
between our young people and yours:
and you build a wall of enmity between
them.
You did tit use t<> do this.
Why do you do it, now ?
Our schools are not good enough for <
your sons and daughters, and you teach
this to your children; then, when your
children have grown up, you demand
that they be employed as the teachers
of our sons and daughters.
Where is the consistency of that >.
If our schools are not fit for your
children to be taught in, they are not
fit for your children to teach in.
Why is it that you want your child-
46
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
ren to teach ours, but don't want our^
to teach yours?
You must be singularly obtuse, if yon
fail to realize the deep antipathy your
recent attitude toward our schools has
aroused.
Your priests never took that hostile
posture, until a few years ago : if i
was required by the law of your church,
why was the law dormant in this coun-
try for nearly 300 years?
(4.) You have stealthily "brought
about the union of Church and State,
in utter </< fiance of the Supreme law 0/
the Union, and of each State.
You have compelled our Government
to accept the Roman church as the offi-
cial religion of the Pan-American Re-
publics.
You have practically made the Ro-
man the official religion of the Army
and Navy, and you caused evangelical
"revivals" ruled out of the military en-
campments, to make way for the papal
proselyting agencies such as the priest -
chaplains, the Field mass, the enforced
attendance upon Catholic worship, and
the lodges of the Knights of Colum-
bus.
Consequently, the recruits to the
Army and Navy have no real oppor-
tunities to become converts to Protest-
ant churches, and are virtually coerced
into the Roman communion.
You have compelled the Government
to maintain your so-called charities,
and Indian schools: you have thru I
your papal propaganda into the Con-
gressional Record, and forced the Gov-
ernment to bear the expense of its cir-
culation : you have entered the treasury
of nearly every State, and have divided
the public money with the State.
You do this in Massachusetts, and
will not permit Protestants to make
speeches against it.
You do it in New York; you do it in
California; you do it in Ohio; you do
it in Michigan ; you do it in Georgia.
You know perfectly well the insolence
with which your Savannah bishop
has trampled upon our constitutional
law, and you know that he is trampling
upon it, now !
Yet, you pretend to be pained and
astonished to learn, that a bitter enmity
is growing between yourselves and your
Protestant neighbors!
How could it lx" otherwise, when VOU
scorn and violate our fundamental
laws?
In your Plea for Peace you do not
promise to behave better in the future.
You do not say that you regret Bishop
Keiley's long-standing contempt for
Georgia law. You do not promise to
take your hand- out of the State-
school funds. Yoii do not promise to al-
low the State to ask Bishop Keiley's
caged women whether they are volun-
tarily his prisoners.
You say, by your silence, that you
expect to continue in the full enjoy-
ment of the privilege- of citizenship,
and, at the same time, you will nullify
such laws as your priests disapprove.
Do you really believe you can main-
tain that position? y.
If you do, there are some surprises
ahead of you; and when we come to a
test of law-enforcement, you'll find
that we are not afraid of those rifles,
which you keep in your houses and drill
with at midnight.
(5.) You never proclaimed your
foreign law of marriage and divorce
until 1908.
If that law of the Middle Ages is
necessary to your salvation, why was it
kept out of this country for nearly 300
years ?
Catholics in America never heard of
it in the days of the Revolutionary
War, and of the War between the
States.
If that infamous law, made in Italy
by concubinous priests, had been pub-
lished and enforced in America before
our Civil War, do you believe that it
would have been received without in-
tense indignation?
Can you bring yourselves to believe
that Abraham Lincoln and Robert E.
Lee would have remained unmoved, if
Pope Pius IX. had publicly and offi-
cially preached in 1862, as he did preach
in 1872, that Mr. and Mrs. Lincoln were
living at the White House in "filthy
concubinage?" and that General and
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
47
Mrs. Lee were "illicitly" cohabiting,
because they had been "hurried into
sinful relations by their lusts?"
You know very well that, had your
Italian popes and their American oath-
bound priests proclaimed these in fa-
mous doctrines in the United States 50
years ago, the hot resentment now
aroused by them would have been
aroused then.
Jrz If you want peace, why do you come
at us with a sword?
Do you expect us to love you. when
you defile the graves of our mothers
and the beds of our wives?
(G.) You have, of recent years, been
endeavoring, with all your might, to
gag the Protestant press.
Why did you never try that, until
you had succeeded in compelling our
Government to receive a papal am-
bassador?
Apparently, the pope's "delegate" is
l>ehind this determined effort to close
the mails to Protestant literature.
You made no effort of that sort pre-
vious to the War between the States;
and yet some of the strongest books
and pamphlets that ever assailed your
foreign system were published prior to
1SG0.
Dr. Edward Beecher, Bishop John
Hopkins, Emma Carroll, Samuel F. B.
Morse — inventor of the Telegraph —
Dr. Theodore Dwight, R. L. DeLisser.
Maria Monk, William Hogan, Charles
Chiniquy. and dozens of others brought
out terrific exposures of the inherent
vices, crimes, and turpitudes of your
bachelor priesthood.
No priest dared to prosecute the ex-
priest William Hogan, who was elected
chaplain of the New York legislature.
Nobody prosecuted the Lippincott
Company for publishing the horrible
questions that Catholic women have
to answer in confessing privately to
wine-heated bachelor priests.
The Lippincotts published, in 1850 —
the year of my birth — the identical
Latin which I republished in 1911 : the
Lippincotts were neither boycotted nor
prosecuted, while I was both boycotted
and prosecuted: why the difference?
No priest dared to sue or to prosecute
the Appleton publishing house, for
printing ami mailing the Maria Monk-
book; but the Menace was prosecuted
for advertising Jeremiah CrowleyV
less fearful exposure of inevitable
priestly vices and crimes: why the dif-
ft /'( nee?
The answer is obvious: your church
knew it was not then sufficiently strong
to suppress the truth, and it now think*
that it is.
You will find that your church is
badly mistaken.
The Devil fights with your Italian
pope, but the God of Christianity fights
with us.
(7.) Your present pope, at his in-
auguration, proclaimed his implacable
hostility to people's laws and popular
governments.
At one jump, this silly old Italian
priest landed at the Council of Trent,
in the Middle Ages, and mentally ob-
literated all human progress, since.
Mrs. Partington was a feminine
Solomon, compared to your Papa Bene-
dict, who sweeps away modern civili-
zation in the same manner that the old
lady broomed the Atlantic ocean out
of existence.
Not only has your present sovereign
declared war upon all democratic laws,
institutions, and governments, but he
malignantly denounces "heretics," in
the same murderous spirit that ani-
mated the Papal Inquisition.
That fanatic would burn non-Cath-
olics at the stake, if he could.
So would Bishop Keiley.
So WOULD YOU !
Deep down in your hearts, you hate
us; and whenever vou get a chance at a
W. E. Reed, or an R. B. Cole, or a Wil-
liam Black, or a Thomas E. Pearce. or
a Thos. E. Watson, you never fail to do
your worst.
The spirit that hounded Reed from
Macon, is the popish spirit of destruc-
tion.
The spirit that drove Cole out of
Florida, and followed him into Geor-
gia, is the spirit of assassination.
You've all got it. You get it from
your vicious priests. They get it from
their vicious books.
48
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
Those books originated in the Dark
Ages, when Faith, of the papal sort,
had shut up the schools, destroyed the
libraries, penalized science, and made
free-thought an unpardonable crime
punishable by Lingering tortures and r
sIoav death by fire.
Your most recent popes have offi
cially commanded that those infernal
books be again taught in your theolo-
gical seminaries.
Therefore, ••Saint" Thomas Aquinas
is again your master theologian; and
it was Thomas who taught, most ex-
plicitly, that unbaptized babes go to
hell, that there is no salvation outside
the Roman fold, and that heretics, who
obstinately resist conversion to Rome.
must he put to death.
In New York, a Protestant hoy and a
Catholic girl fell in love with each
other, and became too intimate; hue
the young people repaired their error
by having a Protestant minister marry
them, under State license.
When the newly wedded groom went
to the office of his wife's father, humbly
mid eagerly seeking "conciliation."
what happened '.
The Catholic father of this Protest-
ant wife delibi rately shot his son-in-laio
to death, in the office !
Why? Because the father, being a
Catholic, had heen reared to believe
that no marriage can be valid, unless a
nun-keeping priest officiates.
The name of the murderer, is Cleary:
he was Sheriff of the county at the
time of his dastardly crime.
AYas there any dispute about the
facts? None.
Was he convicted? No.
Was his victim armed? No.
Was there any legal excuse for the
atrocious assassination? None.
Why then did Cleary go scot free,
and why has he been at liberty ever
since ?
Ask the Jesuits and the Knights of
Columhvs.
Yet. in spite of such atrocities as the
Cleary case, these Catholic Laymen's
Associations are flooding the country
with dope, to the effect that the foreign
law of marriage, which their priests
have introduced into this country, has
no bad effect upon Protestants.
It had a disastrous eeffct upon the
penitent young husband in the Cleary
case, because Cleary did not consider
that his daughter had been married to
the young man, at all.
On the contrary, the Catholic father
look the PROTESTANT MARRIAUE to l,< an
additional provocation} and the Cath-
olics on the jury viewed it the same
way.
That foreign law. enforced by the
priests, has also ruined the homes and
lives of Protestant wives, throughout
the Onion.
The Catholic Association of Georgia,
hunting for conciliation in a State
where they are the ones that need it.
are putting up a lot of sweet gush,
about how anxious the Catholics are to
love us. and to live in harmony with us.
That's always the Catholic dope,
where the Catholics are the weakest :
it is never the Catholic talk, where they
are the strongest.
In the immediate territory of Cardi-
nal O'Connell. of Massachusetts — a
bloated old brute who swore to perse-
cute his Protestant fellow-citizens — the
Catholics would not permit Thos. E.
Leyden to deliver his lecture on the sub-
ject of State-aid to religious schools.
The Constitution of the United
States speaks very positively on that
subject; but no loyal supporter of that
provision of our Supreme Law can
speak upon it. in Cardinal O^GonnelTs
bailiwick.
There is reason to believe, that
O'COXXELL HIMSELF INSTIGATED THE
Haverhill riots, in pmrsruinee of ins
damnable oath to persecute Protest-
ants.
Isn't it the height of impudence for
lawyers, like Jack Spalding of Atlanta,
to lend their names and membership
to an Association of Deceit, when they
know, as w7ell as I do. that every one of
their priests is an oath-bound enemy of
Protestantism, and is sworn against
conciliation?
How can there be conciliation, where,
one of the parties is under a secret oath
against it?
In such a case, the sworn foe to con*
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
40
ciliatioD could have no other purpose,
in a conciliatory propaganda, than to
lull the otJu r party into a false security,
during the time necessary for the build-
ing 1 1 1 > of stn ngth sufficient for the car-
rying out of the oath to persecute.
When the Catholics of Georgia, Ala-
bama, Mississippi, and Florida grow as
strong as they arc in New Jersey and
Massachusetts, free speech will be
riotously abolished, as it has Ween
abolished in New Jersey and Massa-
chusetts.
The U. S. Constitution does not pro-
tect the Protestants in those States,
because the Catholics there are strong
enough to enforce the pope's law.
In Florida, the Knights of Columbus
thought they were strong enough 'o
silence Protestant preachers, and to dis-
franchise Protestant voters; but they
showed their hands too soon.
When a K. of G. cursed a Methodist
preacher on the streets of Jacksonville,
AM) SLAPPED HIS PACE, Oil aCCOUIlt of all
anti-pope sermon that he had delivered
from his own pulpit, the most indif-
ferent citizen could then realize what
would happen to all preachers, if the
lien Burbridge type of Catholic be-
came dominant.
Did the daily papers of Jacksonville
denounce the outrage which the Cath-
olics perpetrated upon the Rev. John
A. Hendry? No.
Why not ? Ask them.
But suppose a Protestant had pub-
licly cursed a priest, and slapped his
jaws, under ciniilar circumstances —
would there not have been a loud roar
of wrath against the "bigot?"
The Macon priest stimulates some
Catholic women, to go and demand the
ball-room of the Hotel Dempsey; and
the young manager, recently employed,
tells these women that President Block
of the Company is down sick, forbidden
by his doctors to see company, or trans-
act business.
The young and new Manager assures
the Catholic women that, as soon as he
ran mention the matter to Mr. Block,
he will do so. and will endeavor to have
them accommodated.
But the illness of Mr. Block confines
him to his room until it is too late for
the ( Jatholics to gel their answer in time
for the date set for their holy raffle,
euchre game, dance, bazaar — or what-
ever the function was.
Thereupon, their anger blazes out
against young W. E. Reed, and they
are not content with tongue-lashing the
young man.
No! They must do what Catholics
always do. when they canf
They must go to the Board of Direc-
tors of the Hotel, and demand the sum-
mary discharge of the hateful Protest-
ant who had dared to obstruct the
pope's most blessed raffle, euchre party,
musical hugging-inateh — or whatever it
was.
These sweetly religious and divinely
charitable Catholics of Macon told the
Directors, that unless Eeed were
bounced, incontinently, the Hotel would
be subjected to a systematic boycott,
oil along the line.
The cowardly Directors surrendered
to the persecuting papists, and fired the
honest Manager, who, according/ to
President Bloc¥s letter — which is in
my possession — had given his employers
perfect satisfaction.
Were these sweetly conciliatory Ma-
con Catholics content with the dismis-
sal of Reed, and his expulsion from
Macon ?
Oh, no ! That was not a sufficient
punishment. They wanted to make an
example of W. E. Reed.
They pursued him to Atlanta, with
telegrams and letters, threatening to
boycott any hotel that gare Mm a job!
There's Catholic conciliation for you !
That's what they do, whenever they
are able to do it.
And had it not been for the fact that
they have been unable to work the same
devilish game on me, after seven years
of malignant effort, there would have
been no paper in Georgia to tell you
about it.
No earthly power could have induced
a daily paper to have printed the facts
of that infamous Catholic persecution.
The malicious dastards all united to
crush and drive out Qfte Protectant, fob
HAVING DONE HIS DfrW.
And these Catholic Laymen, of Ma>
50
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
con, Atlanta, and Augusta, are now
telling us how earnest is their desiiv to
live in loving relations with their Pro
testant neighbors !
Pah! Such hypocrisy is loathsome.
ANOTHER VICTIM OF CATHOLIC INTOLER-
ANCE!
Now, let me put before you another
Reed case — this time in Jacksonville,
Florida, where a 4th degree Knight of
Columbus. Pete Dignan, is Postmaster,
bv grace of Senator Nathan Bryan and
J. Pat Tumulty.
The facts are given me by the in-
domitable and intrepid Mrs. Corilla
Banister, that Southern lady that
furnished the facts on that Graham wo.
man, the "Police Matron" of San Anto-
nio, Texas — who sends Protestant
women, like Laura Stone, to slave *h*vr
lives away in the pope's Good Shep-
herd laundry there.
I beg that you will read carefully
Mrs. Bannister's letter to me, and then
the accompanying statement.
As you do so, remember that the Pete
Dignan, who told Mr. Cole that ikwe
will ruin you hi six months" was doing
exactly the same thing that the Macon
Catholics did, token they threatened to
ruin the Hotel Dempsey.
COLE HAD DONE HIS DUTY, BUT HAD EN-
RAGED THE CATHOLICS BY IT.
When Mr. Cole, going to Tampa to
find work, was met by the Catholic boy-
cott, arranged for in advance of his
arrival, he was up against exactly the
same fence that the Macon "concilia-
tors" had arranged for Reed in Atlanta.
Catholic intolerance seeks to destroy.
MRS. BANISTER'S LETTER.
Jacksonville, Fla., Kooker and 18th.
March 23rd, 1917.
Dear Sir: With the permission of Mr.
S. H. Kooker, I am sending you a state-
ment of the facts in the R. B. Cole boycott
episode. Mr. Kooker advanced the young
man two hundred dollars, to get his stuff
out of the car, after the Catholics had
ruined his trade and spoiled his credit.
Mr. Kooker also advanced five hundred
dollars for Mr. Cole to start the restaurant
when every other avenue for earning a le-
gitimate living, had been closed by the
Roman Catholic boycott. Mr. O. E. Maple,
L634 Ionia St., Jacksonville, Fla., would
no doubbt be glad to verify the facts of the
statement enclosed. Mr. E. B. Bunnell,
Attorney at Law, Heard Building, assisted
Mr. R. B. Cole in obtaining promises of
security for the amount to start the restau-
rant ; and would no doubt make a state-
ment of facts as he knew them, unless, as
a professional man, he feared the CATH-
OLIC boycott.
I am sending this statement from Mr.
Kooker's home, Kooker and 18th, Jack-
sonville.
Wishing you success,
1 am sincerely your friend,
(MRS.) CORRILLA BANISTER.
HOW PETE DIGNAN'S ROMAN CATH-
OLIC GANG RUINED A JACKSON-
VILLE CITI>.r;\.
Mr. R. B. Cole was a member of the
Civic League of Springfield, a suburb of
Jacksonville, Florida. His wife, a college
graduate, and their four beauti ul children
attended the First Baptist Sunday School.
When their colored washwoman brought
their laundry, Mr. Cole overheard the ne-
gress telling his wife, how an old, sick ne-
gro had been brutally beaten with a wooden
slab, BY THE MATRON OF THE COUNTY
HOSPITAL.
That night Mr. Cole reported the oc-
currence to the Civic League, wmcn ap-
pointed a committee to investigate, nam-
ing Mr. Cole as Chairman. On receipt of
their report, Mr. Cole was appointed by
the League to swear out a warrant for the
arrest of the Matron.
The fact that the Matron was a iroman
Catholic, and A NIECE «JF PETE DIG-
NAN'S was not known to Mr. Cole. When
the arrest was made, the Matron was bold
ON HER OWN RECOGNIZANCE. The
Orderly, who had witnessed the deed, and
was the principal witness against the Mat-
ron immediately LEFT JACKSONVILLE,
and went to Georgia, AND F .-.I LED TO
APPEAR AT THE TRIAL; which seemed
purposely delayed, in order to give the
welts on the victim's black skin time to
disappear, as much as possibble, before
the Roman Catholic doctors appointed by
the court made the examination. There-
fore at this late date the charges against
the Matron were not substantiated, for lack
of evidence.
After the warrant was issued, PETE
DIGNAN MET MR. COLE ON THE
STREET, and remarked, "You've done all
right up to now, but you've made a mis-
take this time, AND WE WILL RUIN YOU
IN SIX MONTHS, and in the end SEND
YOU TO THE POOR HOUSE."
Mr. Cole was selling and installing
acetylene light plants, and, at the time
that the Matron assaulted the sick negro,
he was making a good living, with a num-
ber of orders ahead, all of which were can*
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
5i
celled, by Catholic agents offering to install
a plant tor fifty dollars instead of one
hundred and fifty, the price Mr. Cole's con-
tract called for. Mr. Cole wrote to the
manufacturers, asking how his competitors
were able to make such c'ut-throat prices,
and the reply was, "They are paying the
same price we charge you."
When a Catholic agent came down from
( hicago, and camped on Mr. Cole's trail,
and all new orders he obtained were can-
celled, Mr. Cole, of course, was quickly
forced out of this legitimate and formerly
well paying source of revenue.
He then applied for a position in a
wholesale business house, the manager
answered, "We dare no. employ you, Mr.
Cole, because the company would lose more
than you could make for us." Various ap-
plications met a similar reply, all Protest-
ant firms in the State feared the Catholic
boycott, and its leader, PETE DIGNAN,
THE POSTMASTER OE JACKSONVILLE,
FLORIDA.
When kind friends were forc'ed to supply
food for Mr. Cole's family, in desperation
he began substituting as a Pullman Con-
ductor.
Soon afterward the Knights of Colum-
bus were to attend their Convention in
Tampa, and Mr. Cole was called to take
out the special. When the Knights saw
their Conductor, they held the train twenty
minutes, refusing to travel with him. As
no one could be found to take his place,
he was allowed to accompany them. But
as soon as possible the discouraged Pro-
testant received his permanent discharge
froni the head office of the Pullman Com-
pany of Chicago.
Thus again, the boycotting Catholics
forced Mr. Cole to pay for attempting to
protect a sick and aged black man from
the Matron's c'ruel assault.
Mr. Cole went to Tampa, seeking em-
ployment, but his applications met the
same answer given him by the home firms.
A company of friends, who understood the
situation, provided funds for Mr. Cole to
open a restaurant in Jacksonville. The
house and furniture seemed completely se-
cure, but at every turn his plans were
subtly and mysteriously blocked, therefore
the place could never be opened. Mr.
Cole and his family fled from the wrath,
WHICH PURSUED THEM INTO GEOR-
GIA, and from tliat State, they were forced
to become homeless wanderers, forever
marked as victims of the Roman Catholic
boycott.
The easy-going Protestant is reluct-
ant to believe that Roman Catholicism
is the same that it was in the Middle
Ages.
Several years ago, I wrote, to Hon.
John Sharp Williams — Senior Senator
from Miss., and perhaps the most
highly educated Congressman from the
South- — on the subject of the growing
menace of Popery.
The Senator's reply was courteous,
but indifferent: he knew that medieval
popery had darkened the earth, but
could not believe there was any danger
of its renewal of its former crimes.
I saw that the Senator was not to be
interested, and made no further effort.
Since then, if he has been vigilant,
he has seen some things which may
have disquieted his mental repose.
He has seen the Catholic chaplains
educating the country in the supremacy
of the church, by displaying a papal
symbol above the Stars and Stripes.
He has seen the Catholics compel the
Government to break its pledge to the
Filipinos.
He has seen the Catholic influence
again veto the restriction of Immigra-
tion.
He has seen the Catholic power ex-
erted to the utmost to close the mails
against Protestant literature.
He has seen the pope's political Dele-
gate established political relations be-
tween the Pope and the President, and
he has seen Gibbons and Bonzano in
conference with Tumulty and Lansing.
He has seen the pope's secret military
organization — the Knights of Colum-
bus— take possession of the Army posts
and establish missionary stations in the
camps.
He has seen Cardinal Gibbons dictat-
ing Mexican policies, and conspiring
with Felix Diaz and Archbishop Mora
to re-establish Popery in a land that it
ruled, robbed, and degraded for 40;)
years.
He has seen the pope's American
treason society, the Knights of Colum-
bus, mob American Protestants, beal
them, and murder them, just as they
were murdering Mexican Protestants,
so late as November, 1895.
He saw, in 1908, the papal law of
Trent, 354 years old, introduced into
this country by Cardinal Gibbons, et.
al., and put in operation against Pro-
testant citizens, to the utter disregard
of the laws of the land.
He has thus seen Cardinal Gibbons
give the lie to his own article in The
52
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
North American Review, and to hi> fre-
quent sermons, in which he declared
that, American Catholics were in com-
plete harmony with American laws ami
institutions.
lie kept up that hypocritical preach-
ment until 1908, when he felt that
Catholicism was strong enough to dis-
card the mask', show its colors, and
make war upon free press, free speech,
State supremacy, civil marriage, and
legal divorce.
llns Senator Williams noticed the
contrast between the Catholic attitude
-prior to 1908, and now '.
If not, I respectfully invite him to
study it.
Several weeks ago, I had B visit from
three school-hoys of Atlanta, and while
talking with them in my library, one of
the students mentioned, that Hon.
^Hooper Alexander, the U. S. District
Attorney, denied that Catholic priests
fool- an oath to persecute and extirpaU
Protectants.
I was not surprised. He is a fair
specimen of the indifferent Protestant
who won't believe the Roman system
dangerous, because he had never seen it
torture a nun. beat a Protestant boy in
a Good Shepherd workhouse, riot
against a lecturer who opposes State-
aid to religious education, or assassi
liament of Paris, which at that time
was the highest court in France.
The student carried the book to
lanta with him on his return, and
showed it to Mr. Alexander.
I >id it convince the 1 Ion. I [ooper i
Not at all. The Hon. Hooper read
it. and remarked that such an oath
might have been taken long ago, but
net now.
Why should such an oath ever have
been required and taken, in a religion?
What sort of religion is it that , r, ,■
-wore it- iniated members to perse*
cute, boycott, conspire, and murder?
If Popery ever did so, when did it
i|iiit \ Tell us when the change took
place !
The priest who identified Gaynor, in
order that Gallagher might -hoot him.
was doing to the .Mayor of New York
precisely what the Jesuits did to King
Henry IV.
The papist assassin of the 20th '•>,n-
tury was obeying the same law and
oath that sacrificed the French mon-
arch in the \C>[}\ century.
The difference of four centuries in
time, had made no difference in Rome's
laws and methods.
She murdered Madero. Suarez, Rizal,
Canalejas, and William Black, in ex-
actly the same spirit that she murdered
nate a speaker that refused to hush up.T^1™1*3 (,t, Brescia, Jerome of 1 rague,
and leave town, when the Knights of
Columbus told him to.
No, I was not surprised at the men-
tal attitude of the Hon. Hooper Alex-
ander: but I took from one of the book-
cases a volume published by one of the
most eminent theologians of the Meth-
odist Church, in 185(5, and showed him
the Jesuit's oath.
Rev. Charles P. Jones, of the North
Carolina Conference, was the author,
and the name of his work is, "Roman
Catholicism, Scrifturaely Con-
sidered ;■■ on pages 248, 249, and 250.
he copies the oath which was exposed,
in court, during the trial of the cele-
brated Lavelatte case in 1761 !
The cause of the suit originated with
the Jesuit establishment at Martinique,
Wot Indies, and was tried bv the Par-
Coligny of France. William of Orangt
and Joseph II. of Austria.
She will stab, or shoot, or poison, or
starve any opponent that becomes an
obstacle which cannot otherwise lx> re
moved: and her Jesuits, her Ancient
Hibernians, her Clan-na-Gael. her
Molly Maguires, her 4th degree
Knights of Columbus, and her priests
are her sworn agents of destruction.
I thought it might serve a good pur-
pose, just now. to obtain up-to-datt < <■',-
ili me of the oath taken by the priests,
so that the skeptics may be deprived of
the Middle Ages, as an excuse for their
unbelief.
Rev. P. A. Seguin is yet liv-
ing at Lake Mills. Wis., and yet
righting the foreign system which
prostitutes the holy name of religu n
to its vile and secret aims: the fearless
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
53
old ox-priest furnishes me with the fol-
lowing affidavit, sworn to on the 15th
day of March, this yeah: (11)17.)
PRIEST'S OATH.
"I, Peter Alphonsus Seguin, now in
the presence of Almighty God, the blessed
Virgin Mary, the blessed Michel, the Arch-
angel the blessed St. John the Baptist, the
Holy Apostles, St. Peter and St. Paul, and
the Saints and Sacred Host of Heaven, and
to you my Lord Bishop, I do declare from
my heart, "without mental reservation,"
that the Pope is Christ's Vicar-General and
is the true and only Head of the Catholic
church throughout the earth, and that, by
virtue of the "Keys'' of binding and loos-
ing given to His Holiness by Jesus Christ,
he has the power to depose heretical kings,
princes, States, commonwealths and gov-
ernments, all being illegal without his
sacred confirmation, and that "they may
safely be destroyed." Therefore, to the
utmost of my power, I will defend this
doctrine and His Holiness' rights and cus-
toms against all usurpers of the Protest-
ant authority whatsoever, especially
against the now pretended authority and
church of England and all its adherents,
in regard that they be usurped and hereti-
cal, opposing the Sacred Mother, the church
of Rome.
I do renounce and disown any allegiance
as due to any Protestant king, princ'e or
State, or obedience to any of their inferior
officers. I do further declare the doctrine
of the Church of England, of the Calva-
nists, Huguenots and other Protestants,
to be damnable and those to be damned
who will not forsake the same.
I do further declare that I will help, as-
sist and advise all or any of His Holiness
agents, in any place wherever I shall be,
and to do my utmost to extirpate the Pro-
testant doctrine and to destroy all their
pretended power, legal or otherwise. I
do further promise and declare that, not-
withstanding I may be permitted by dis-
I>ensation to assume any Heretical religion
for the propagation of the Mother Church's
interest, to keep secret and private all her
agent's counsels as they entrust to me, and
not to divulge, directly or indirectly by
word, writing or circumstances whatsoever,
but to execute all which shall be proposed,
given in charge or disc'losed unto me by
you, my most Reverend Lord and Bishop.
All of , which, I, Peter Alphonsus Seguin,
do swear by the blessed Trinity and blessed
Sacrament which I am about to receive, to
perform, on my part t keep inviolably,
and do call on all the Heavenly and glo-
rious Host of Heaven to witness my real
intentions to keep this "My Oath."
In testimony whereof, I 'take this most
Holy and blessed Sacrament of the Euchar-
ist and witness the same further with my
holy annointed hand, in the presence of my
Holy Bishop and all the priests who assist
him in my ordination to the Priesthood."
PETER ALPHONSUS SEGUIN,
Seminary of St. Sulpice, Montreal, Canada,
December 22, 1866.
ANNA MORRISON, Witness.
W. S. DAVIS, Witness.
Subscribed and sworn to before me a
Notary Public for the State of Oregon,
THIS FIFTEENTH DAY OF MARCH, A.
1>., 1»17.
W. S. DAVIS,
Notary Public of Oregon.
My commission expires September 10th,
1917.
This living and responsible witness
testifies that he took the foregoing oath
in L866.
Mr. Alexander is a lawyer, and is
therefore familiar with the legal prin-
ciple which puts the burden of proof
on the Cat holies, to show that the
pbiest's oath, proved to have been ix
use ix 1866, has beex since changed.
Another source of growing hostility
between Catholic and Protestants, is
the increasing boldness with which the
priests promulgate the arrogant, un-
Scriptural doctrine of "exclusive salva-
tion and Christian virtue/'
Let me illustrate what I mean:
The April number of Truth, the New
York Romanist Magazine, publishes the
following:
THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.
The one place on earth wherein Christ
lives.
The one place on earth where all men
and women are equal.
The one place on earth admittance to
which is never denied any one, sinner or
saint.
The one plac'e on earth wherein man, no
matter how sinful, can find the way to God.
The one place on earth where the fallen
and abandoned are heard with pity and
consideration.
The one place on earth wherein the
humblest in life can reach the greatest
height — namely, communion with God Al-
mighty here below and repose in His bosom
hereafter.
No wonder men are transformed by the
Catholic faith!
Let us consider these proud and pre-
tentious claims, one by one:
Is the Roman church the one place on
earth wherein Christ lives?
54
WATSON'S MAGAZINE
If so, he always lived there, and
never lived elsewhere; he must live
there now. and there must be some visi-
ble evidence that he does not live any-
where else.
The statement in Truth means, that
the Roman church < njoys a mon<>/><.l i/
of Jesus Christ.
I thank Truth for its candor: it now
admits the historic contention of Rome,
to-wit— that no human being can be
saved except through the intermediary
agency of the Pope.
American Catholics do not often take
that position. On the contrary, the\
usually deny it. In a community where
they are outnumbered, they generally
say that all Christian churches are ave-
nues by which men may, through re-
pentance, baptism, and godly lives,
reach Heaven.
But Truth is published in a State
where Rome is supreme, and can talk
unreservedly; hence, Truth says, in
eefi'ct, the same that Pope Boniface
said in the Middle Ages, to-wit, that
there is no salvation save for those who
submit to Popery.
See what lovely consequences proceed
from the doctrine, that Christ is not to
be found outside the Catholic Church :
All the generations of men who re-
mained steadfast to the Nestorian creed,
the Armenian creed, the Coptic creed,
and the Greek Catholic creed, have
gone to hell, because they did not be-
long to the Catholic church.
All the Waldensians, Lutherans, Cal-
vinists, Quakers, Baptists, Methodists,
Episcopalians, and Christians are in
hell — or on the way there ; because they
were not of the Catholic church.
When three strumpets — Marozia,
Theodora I. and Theodora II. gov-
erned the Papacy — in the Middle Ages
— and set up first one paramour and
then another as Pope, Christ could not
be found any where except in company
with those tools of the strumpets.
When these bad women placed a mere
child, Pope John XL on the papal
throne, Christ remained exclusively i:i
the Catholic church.
When those wicked harlots placed the
crown on the head of John XII. a boy
of 16, who soon died of debauchery, in
the anus of a married woman whose
husband slew the Pope in the bed of
sin, Christ remained exclusively in the
Catholic church.
When the office of Pope remained
vacant for two years at a time: when
the place was bargained for and bought
with shameless publicity; when the
popes were so sunk in bestiality that
they had to be deposed for the crimes
of murder, incest, rape and the name-
less Abomination; when popes named
their bastard children for bishoprics,
fat abbeys, and the cardinal's hat -dur-
ing all those generations when the
Catholic church was one great sink and
sewer of filth, corruption and mon-
strous crimes, Christ could not be foui.
anywhere else.
When Rome was shedding torrents
of Arian blood: was butchering men.
women, and children in the Albigensian
Crusade; in the Massacre of St. Bar-
tholomew, in the Thirty Years' War;
in the Dutch atrocities, the Spanish
imtos da fc. in the hideous dungeons of
the Inquisition, in the Vaudois valley-,
at the Smithfield stake — during all this
orgy of satanic cruelty and bloodshed,
Christ was undiscoverable, save in the
Catholic church.
\/ The Pope is Christ-on-earth, and the
Pope's voice is that of Christ; and.
therefore, when the Pope sold to the
marauding Normans the authority to
conquer and enslave the Irish Chris-
tians, it was Christ who did it!
When the law of the Catholic church
condemned Christians to torture and
agonizing death, because they would
not believe that bread could be made
into God, it was Christ who did that
diabolical thing.
When Luther was excommunicated
and condemned to death because — for
one thing — he had said that the Cath-
olic church had no right to burn
heretics, it was the voice of Christ flint
upheld the savage doctrine of assassi-
nation !
To that logical result, you must fol-
low the brazen assertion of Truth, that
the Catholic church is the one place on
earth wherein Christ lives.
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
55
The one place on earth wherein
Christ lives, is the place where babes
are sent to hell, for not being sprinkled,
by bachelor priests, whose own babes
are sprinkled before they are killed and
thrown on the pile of quick lime in the
convent basement.
The one place on earth wherein
Christ lives, is the place where pagan-
ism also lives in the idols, the altars,
the incense, the lighted candles, the holy
water, and the human atonement for
sins.
The one place on earth wherein
Christ lives, is the place where the
Christian is not allowed to read about
Christ in the Bible, where the language
of the service is a dead one, where the
layman is a mute and a cipher, abso-
lutely bereft of independence, initia-
tive, individuality, voice, and vote.
The one place on earth wherein
Christ lives, is the one place on earth
where Religion becomes a huckster-
shop and a bargain-counter, offering
for sale everything sacred and profane.
with a price on every conceivable
article of merchandise that priestly
cupidity can invent and lay supersti-
tion buy.
The shop is amply stocked, the sup-
ply unfailing: the counter is covered,
and as fast as the clerical clerk sells one
lot of papal junk, another is ready.
The Papacy itself has often gone to
the highest bidder: the red hats of the
cardinals cost $10,000 apiece; the
bishoprics are to be had for money;
the fattest abbeys, monasteries
and priest-appointments are open to
"deals :v and absolution can be bought,
which washes out the sin of any fault,
any vice, any crime: a dispensation can
be bought to marry any prohibited re-
lation, or to do any prohibited thing.
Do you want to eat meat on Fridays '.
If so, the bishop will sell you a
license.
Do you want to escape fasts, and Len-
ten restraints?
If so. the bishop will sell you a per-
mit.
Does the thief want mental repose ?
Let him divide with the priest, and
he will get it.
Does the harlot seek to wash the scar-
let from her soul?
Let her carry a part of her wages of
sin to the priest, and he will wash her
whiter than snow.
Are you afraid of accidents, calami-
ties, fires, floods, wounds, disease, or
any other ill that flesh is heir to?
Then buy a blessed medal, a blessed
cord, a blessed image, a blessed crucifix,
a blessed string of beads — any old gew-
gaw that has had a Latin prayer mum-
bled over it by the priest.
Have you lost a horse, or a gem, or a
pocket-book, or a key, or a tenant, or
the use of a limb, or some money that
you loaned out?
Trot at once to a priest and make an
offering to St. Anthony, or to St. Rita,
or to the Sacred Heart, or to our Lady,
or to St. Joseph, or to Balaam's ass.
You pay the priest, and the priest
will take down the receiver, telephone
the Saints about it, and your losses will
soon be made good.
If not, you may know that the fail-
ure was due to your lack of faith.
A. Yes, indeed ! Christ stops altogether
in the Catholic church.
He drove out of the temple in Jeru-
salem just such a bunch of holy hoaxers
and hucksters as these greedy Roman
priests; but then, you see, Christ is
different now from what he was then.
That explains why he now dwells ex-
clusively with the holy hoaxers, huck-
sters, cheats, and swindlers.
In the Roman churcn, you must
pay to be married: you can buy
a divorce : you must pay to be
buried, and if your widow disputes tin1
bill, the priest can — and does — sue her
for it, and get judgment against her in
court : if you go to purgatory, and your
relatives want to buy you out, the priest
will sell the prayers which remit your
sins, and give you entrance to "the
sweet fields of Eden."
The second assertion of Truth is, that
the Catholic church is the one place on
earth where all men and women are
equal.
Just the reverse is true. The Cat'-
olic church is the onlv church on earth
56
AYATSON'S MAGAZINE.
that reduces Laymen and women t<> mere
common dirt, under the feet of priests,
bishops, cardinals, and popes.
It is the only church on earth th-d
absolutely annul- the Rights of Man.
and makes mental slaves out of intelli-
gent persons.
The Catholic millions arc nothing
more than millions of nullities an I
nonentities.
The layman, however, learned and in-
telligent, licks the I'eet of his priest.
however ignorant and stupid.
The proudest woman that ever lit
the world with her genius, must get on
her knees to the priest, and have no
will but his. although his breath may
stink with liquor, his mouth be foul
with lewness, and his soul sordid with
the lusts of hell!
The most refined, cultured, and
chaste white maiden that ever bloomed
beneath a Southern suit, must abas:1
herself before <> negro priest, and allow
that sensual beast to pollute her with
every lewd question which prurient
curiosity can suggest — questions so
hideously vile that n<> 'prostitute hi <i
den <>f prof< ssional vice would toh r<i/<
th< hi!
Talk about equality in such a church.
On the contrary, all Pope-ruled coun-
tries are king-ruled, because the Cath-
olic church systematically destroys the
Individual — so far as his mental inde-
pendence is concerned — and -fits him to
blindly obey some otlier man, whom he
is taught to believe is his superior.
The Catholic church is the deadliest
enemy to democracy, because it teaches
the Catholic that all men are not
created free and equal.
The other propositions of Truth can
safely be left to share the influence of
the replies to the first two.
I may remark, that rt has always
been characteristic of the Popish coun-
tries to have the finest churches, and the
squalidest populace; the most sumptu-
ous palaces for priests, and the most
wretched huts for peasants and peons:
the most magnificnt colleges for young
students intended for the priesthood,
and for the children of the rich, or
powerful; but no schools for the child
ren of the poor, and no self-help col-
Leges anywhere, except in Protestant
lands where competition drives Popery
to imitate the enemy !
And the vaunted "charities" of the
Roman church, when closely examined,
proved to be places where the State sup-
plies millions of dollars, and the or-
phans are found sunk in filth, covered
with lice, and brutally mistreated, as
was proved in the New York scandal,
uncovered bv the State Committee and
Mayor Mitchell.
Or those "charities" are found to be
workshops, where young folks of both
sexes are slaved from light to darkness,
working for the priests, and always
badly i\'(\. and generally treated with
barbarous cruelty.
An abominable "charity," which
shaves a girl's head, and sells her hair
as soon as she is safely locked within
the hell-hole, is the last that ought to
exhibit its brazen impudence, and
claim that none but the Catholic church
can practise true charity.
"No wonder men are transformed by
the Catholic faith!"
No, indeed ! It is no wonder.
It is no wonder that, in order to up-
hold such a preposterous and criminal
system as that of Popery, the Catholic
child should be taken in hand, early,
and quarantined from healthy contact
with other children, and sedulously
taught, that any falsehood, any arti-
fice, and deceit, and fraud, any crime is
justifiable, if committed in the interest
of the Catholic church.
Will "Truth" challenge me to prove
what I say?
Let it !
I will prove it from Catholic sources,
which no honest Catholic can dispute.
Summing up the case, I will give my
reasons for believing that the present
policy of the Italian Papacy, first in-
augurated among us in 1008. leads in-
evitably to the bloodiest of civil wars:
(1.) The insidious campaign to sub-
stitute the Papal system of education
for ours, thereby instilling into the
minds of the youth monarchical
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
ideas, instead of democratic-republi-
can ideals;
(2.) The Papal system of education
trains the youthful mind away from
American principles, inculcates blind
obedience to superiors, and prepares the
child for a castrated manhood, instead
of full-sexed, robust independence,
self-reliance, and self-government;
('■'>.) The Roman priests are steadily
complying, more and more nearly, with
their oath of allegiance to the Italian
pope, and their sworn obligation to
persecute Protestants ;
(4.) The Irish cardinals are becom-
ing ever more arrogant in their tirades
against the fundamentals of American
democracy, thus preparing the minds
of their blindly obedient laymen for a
gradual subversion of American liber-/
ties, by Papal monarchism;
(5.) The Papal secret societies
finance such infamous persecutions as
those against Bishop Alexander Inlan-
der, of New York; the Menace Pub.
Co., of Missouri; and Thos. E. Wat-
son, of Georgia ; and when the Knights
of Columbus commit such a murder as
that of William Black, at Marshall.
Texas, the whole Papal organization
became a moral accomplice in that
dastardly assassination, by putting up^
the money which gave immunity to the
co w a rd 1 y m u r derers ;
(6.) The introduction and enforce-
ment of Papal laws, antagonistic to
American laws, thus dividing the alle-
giance of citizens, and separating the
Roman communion from those pat-
riotic Americans who scorn all foreign
authority.
A house tl'n-'uhil against itself cannot
stand 7
The Catholic cannot serve two mas-
ters. If he obeys his priest — who is
an alien subject — he will become an
alien himself; and, as such alien, he
should not be allowed to enjoy and
exercise all the privileges of loyal citi-
zen
(7.) The creation of Juvenile
Courts, which sentence young people
to confinement and labor in religious
institutions, often in distant States',
and for long terms of years.
This abuse alone, will cause bloody
conflicts, if not remedied.
(8.) The violation of the Constitu-
tion of the United States, and of the
various States, by holding boys, men,
girls, and women to involuntary con-
finement ami servitude.
The frequent attempts to escape from
convents. Good-Shepherd hell-holes.
and monasteries — attended often with
fatal injuries, in the jumping from
3rd storey windows— tell but too tragi-
cally what the wretched prisoners suf-
fer, and how desperately they long to
escape.
(9.) Rome's foreign system makes
for One-Msm power: ours for A //-Men
power: there can be no compromise:
one or the other must go down.
In 1908, Rome began its war on us:
Ave are simply defending ourselves
from foreign aggression and domestic
treason.
The foreign aggression calls itself
"Religion," but its aim is. Political
A bsolutisrn,.
The domestic treason calls itself
spiritual allegiance to the head of the
Catholic church, but its aim is. the sub-
jugation of the Protestant, and the sub-
version of American institutions.
You did not hurl at us Rome's chal-
lenge on the question of marriage and
divorce, the Public School, the Inspec-
tion of papal prisons, and the freedom
of speech and press, until after you had
organized yourselves into secret mili-
tary conspiracies, and bound yourselves
by treasonous oaths to discharge Pro-
testant employees, boycott Protestant
business, and in every other way exert
your utmost effortts to extirpate Pro-
testant principles.
Not until 1908 did your haughty
prelates — whose allegiance is not to our
Government, but to that of a foreigner
at Rome — begin to publish such inso-
lent and seditious defiances of the Civil
Power as that contained in the 1917
"Lenten Pastoral*' of the Archbishop
of Cincinnati, to-wit —
"The marriage of a Catholic to a Cath-
olic or a non-Catholic, contracted before a
squire or minister after Easter, 1908, is,
58
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
according to the decree of 'Ne Temere,'
null and void. Persons, who have con-
tracted marriage in this manner, must
have the marriage healed by the church,
and t'an not be absolved without special
authorization from the archbishop."
The United States statute j say that such
a marriage is legal and binuing; the Church
of Rome says it is "null and void."
How can you claim to be loyal
Americans, when your seditious priests
forbid you to respect one of the su-
premely important American laws?
In the Brooklyn Tabh t. Cardinal
Farley's editorial henchman thus ans-
wers the same question:
Q. — Why is not a marriage perrormed
by a justice of peace considered by the
church as legal?
A. — For the very same reason that the
church would refuse to accept a Mass
gone through by the President of the
United States as a true and real sacrifice.
Marriage is a sacred ceremony. It was
made by God and belongs exclusively to
Him. Nowhere in the sacred records is
a grant allowed to the State whereby con-
trol over the wedding oeremony is ac-
quired. Without such a grant coming
from God, who alone can bestow it, the
State is an usurper in affecting to witness
validly, marriage contracts. The Justice
of the Peace is but an Agent of the State.
He exceeds his rights when i.e endeavors
to officiate at a wedding in a community
amply provided by the church with minis-
ters capable of assisting. He simply acts
without authority, and the result of his
action is without value.
Here, the whole Protestant world is
insulted and defied. Here, the whole
Catholic world is taught treason. Hen .
the American Catholics are given the
same usurpatory theory of Papal Su-
premacy that caused all the horrible
carnage of the Dark Ages.
The Church above the State!
The treason-microbe lurks in this
fatal claim, that none but the Roman
church can validate a marriage.
"God" never taught any such doc-
trine. Christianity never heard of it.
until a thousand years after Christ.
Then, the ambitious priests invented
the "sacramental" marriage, just as
they preached the necessity of Infant
baptism, the necessity of private con-
fession, the necessity for the belief in
Transubstantiation, the necessity for
priestly bachelorhood, and the neces-
sity for Extreme Unction for the dy-
ing.
It was all manufactured by the
priesthood for the purpose of rendering
the priest indispensable, irresistible,
and super-natural.
In connection with marriage, the
word sacrament does uot appear in the
Bible.
The Apostle Paul referred to the
mystery which is involved in the sexual
relation of man and wife, producing
in their offspring the physical an 1
mental attributes of the parents; and
it is a very great mystery, indeed.
lint the priests mistranslate the
Greek word for "mystery," and make
it "sacrament," which is a different
thing, altogether.
Marriage, among all races and in all
ages, has been a civil contract; and
neither the Old nor the New Testament
places it upon any other plane.
Christ never said one word on the
subject of the ceremony of marriage.
His mother had presumably wedded
Joseph, in the customary Jewisn man-
ner, and his sisters and brothers no
doubt married in the same way.
None of the Gospels say one word
about the form of the ceremony, nor
about where it shall be celebrated, nor
by whom. At the Cana wedding- feast,
where Christ made wine for beverage,
no mention is made of the formalities
attending the marriage.
Inasmuch as the "sacramental" mar-
riage of Catholics originated many
hundreds of years after Christ, it fol-
lows that all previous Catholics had
not known valid marriage, but had
practised concubinage and filled the
European world with bastards.
The State, which is the seat of Civil
Power, must regulate marriages by
law. in order that legal fathers may be
ascertained, and the legal heirs of es-
tates definitely known, to say nothing
of the civil duties which the State im-
poses upon husband and wife, father
and child. Guardian and ward. Trus-
tees. Administrators, and Executors.
The Church formerly claimed exclu-
sive control of all these matters; and.
after centuries of bloody strife, her
courts exercised jurisdiction over them.
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
59
One consequence of the Reformation
was, that the State ousted the church
from its usurped judicial function-.
and established civil fairs, controlling
marriage, divorce, inheritance, and the
administration of estates.
The great English statesman. W. E.
Gladstone, realized the fatal conse-
quences of Home's recent determina-
tion to place her laws above the Civil
Power, and he said in his book, on
"Vaticanism:"
A grave charge is made against me re-
specting the matrimonia propositions; be-
cause I have cited the pope as condemning
those who affirm that the matrimonial con-
tract is binding whether there is or is not
(according to the Roman Catholic doc-
trine; a sacrament, and iiave not at the
same time stated that English marriages
are held by Rome to be sacramental, and
therefore valid.
No charge, serious or slight, could be
more entirely futile. But it is serious,
and not slight, and those who prompt the
examination must abide the recoil. I be-
gin thus: — -
1. I am censured for not having given
distinctions between one country and an-
other, which the pope himself has not
given.
2. And which are also thought unneces-
sary by authorized expounders of the Syl-
labus for the faithful.
1' have before me the exposition with the
text, of the Encyclia and Syllabus, pub-
lished at Cologne in 1874, with the ap-
proval of authority (mit oberkirchlicher
Approbation) .
In p. 45 it is distinctly taught that, with
marriage the state has nothing to do; that
it may safely rely on the church; that civil
marriage in the eyes of the church, is only
concubinage; and that the State, by the use
of worldly compulsion, prevents the two
concubinary parties from repenting and
abandoning their guilty relation to one
another. Exactly the same is the doctrine
of the pope himself in his speeches pub-
lished at Rome, where civil marriage is
declared to be for Christians nothing more
than a mere concubinage and a filthy con-
cubinage (sozzo concnbinato) .
These extraordinary declarations are not
due to the fondness of the pontiff for
speaking impromptu. In his letter of Sept.
19, 1852, to King Victor Emanuel, he de-
clares that matrimony carrying the sacra-
ment is alone lawful fi r Christians, and
that a law of civil marriage constitutes a
concubinage in the guise of legitimate mar-
riage. So that, in truth, in all countries
within the scope of these denunciations,
the parties to a civil marriage are declared
to be living in an illicit connection, which
they are called upon to renounce. This call
is addressed to them separately as well as
jointly, the wife being summoned to leave
her husband, and the husban dto abandon
his wife; and after thrs pretended re-
pentance from a state of sin, unless the
iaw of the land and fear of consequences
prevail, a new connection, under the name
of a marriage, may be formed with the
sanction of the Church of Rome. I know
not by what infatuation it is that adver-
saries have compelled me thus to develop
a state of facts created by the highest au-
thorities of the Roman church, which I
shall now not shrink from calling horrible
and revolting in itself, dangerous to the
morals of society, the structure of the
family, and the peace of life.
It is true, indeed, that the two hunderd
thousand non-Roman marriages which are
annually celebrated in England, do not at
present fall under the foul epithets of
Rome. But why? Not because we marry,
as I believe nineteen-twentieths of us
marry, under the sanction of religion — for
our marriages are, in the eye of the pope,
purely civil marriages, — out only for the
technical, accidental, and precarious reason
that the disciplinary decrees of Trent are
not canonically in force in this country. I
apprehend that there is nothing, unless it
be motives of mere policy, to prevent the
pope from putting them into forc'e here
when he pleases. If and when that is
done, every marriage thereafter concluded
in the English churc'h will, according to his
own words, be a filthy concubinage.
But what claim of rignt have we to be
treated better than others? The Triden-
tine decrees have force, t understand, in
Italy, France, Germany, Austria, Poland,
Hungary. If so, every civil marriage in
those countries, and every religious mar-
riage not contracted before a Roman Paro-
chus, as the Council of Trent requires, is
but the formation of a guilty connection,
whio'h each of the parties severally is
charged by the Church of Rome to dissolve,
under pain of being held to be in mortal
sin.
Mr. Gladstone's book was published
a year or so after the Vatican Decrees
of 1870; and before the Tridentine de-
crees had been extended by the Popes
to Great Britain and the United States.
At the time Mr. Gladstone wrote his
indignant protest, he apparently had
no idea that Rome would, in another
40 years become so insolent in power
as to put England and America in the
same papal class with Austria, Poland.
Hungary and other priest-ridden
lands.
Under the Pope's law, as now en-
forced in England, Mr. Gladstone's
own relation with his wife was that of
GO
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
"filthy concubinage," and President
Woodrow Wilson is living at the White
House "in an illicit connection" with
the lovely and accomplished Virginia
lady whom Protestants and patriots
call his "wife."
ONLY THE TRAITORS OF HOME CALL
MRS. WOODROW WILSON A CONCUBINE.'
The claims now put forth by the
Kalian pope, through the Archbishop
of Cincinnati, Cardinal Farley, and the
Brooklyn Tablet is the attempted
resurrection of a Papal supremacy
which was supposed to have been sup
pressed forever by the English Re-
formation of the L6th century.
If this monstrous Papal claim is per-
sisted in, no earthly power can save
our Republic from a religious war be-
tween law-abiding Protestants, and
law-defying Romanists.
The pope's infamous Ne temere de-
cree of 1908 will always mark the be-
ginning of the approaching clash be-
tween Rome's law and American lav.-.
The Pittsburg Obs< rver is the organ
of the Roman bishop, Canevin: it thus
eulogizes a State officer of a Southern
State who. being <i sworn servant of
tin Civil law, spurned it, and obeyed
instead the law of the pope of Rome:
An esteemed contemporary has given
merited recognition and praise to a Mis-
souri judge for the robust Catholicity
which he recently displayed in his court.
He is Miles Bulger, presiding judge of
the Jackson County Court. The "Register"
of Kansas City says that a couple who
asked him lately to marry them were dis-
appointed. "My religion,'' he explained,
"teaches me that I have no right to per-
form the sacred ceremony of marriage.
Allegheny County, Pa., in which this big,
progressive city of Pittsburg is situated,
has a resident who took a similar stand
many years ago after he had been elected a
justice of the peace. He lives on his large
farm near West View; and his name is
Patrick Martin, an alumnus of the old
Pittsburg College of the Holy Ghost.
"If," our contemporary observes, "the
marriage question in this country is ever
to be solved, the principles of the Catholic
Church alone can effect the solution. And
it is edifying; to find that laymen occupying
public offices are not backward in openly
affirming her doctrine regarding marriage."
Do you Catholic Laymen imagine
that your pope-ruled priests can peace-
fully ignore Our laws and enforce those
of a foreign potentate)
Arc we not to have peace, except at
the price of an ignommous surrenler
to a foreign church I
Our forefathers repelled foreign
control, when it emanated from a King:
do you suppose that we are so degener-
ate that we will meekly submit to the
foreign control of an Italian priest 1
If so. undeceive yourselves/
We will not bend to any foreign
yoke, kingly or priestly.
We are going to govern this country.
In re.
We are going to make the laws, ami
those laws are made for all.
You must obey them, as other citi-
zens do!
We will not allow you to select what
laws you will obey: you will obey all
of tin in .
On no other terms, can you continue
to exercise all the privileges of citizen-
ship.
The Italian pope did not invest you
with citizenship: the State did it.
The pope does not protect you in
life, liberty, and property: the Stat,
does it.
The pope does not even protect you
from disturbance in your religious
worship: the State does it.
Do you think it reasonable for you
to expect the State to raise no objec-
tion, when you challenge her upon the
vital matter of applying all her laws
to all her citizens?
Do you expect no opposition, when
you take the stand of a favored clas>.
exempt from some of our laws?
Think it over ! Do it now !
If you follow such seditious prelates
as Farley, O'Connell, Gibbons, Keiley
and their ilk, you are headed for
trouble.
Two codes of law, differing from
each other, cannot live together peacea-
bly, anywhere.
Your Italian code drenched Europe
in human blood, and brought the Dark
Meeting the Universal Need
In the high passes of the moun-
tains, accessible only to the daring
pioneer and the sure-footed burro,
there are telephone linemen string-
ing wires.
Across bays or rivers a flat-bot-
tomed boat is used to unreel the
message-bearing cables and lay them
beneath the water.
Over the sand-blown, treeless desert
a truck train plows its way with tele-
phone material and supplies.
Through dense forests linemen are
felling trees and cutting a swath for
lines of wire-laden poles.
Vast telephone extensions are pro-
gressing simultaneously in the waste
places as well as in the thickly popu-
lated communities.
These betterments are ceaseless and
they are voluntary, requiring the ex-
penditure of almost superhuman
imagination, energy and large capital.
In the Bell organization, besides the
army of manual toilers, there is an
army of experts, including almost the
entire gamut of human labors. These
men, scientific and practical, are con-
stantly inventing means for supplying
the numberless new demands of the
telephone using public.
American Telephone and Telegraph Company
And Associated Companies
One Policy One System Universal Service
62
WATSON'S MAGAZINE.
Ages upon mankind: do you want a re-
petition of that medieval tragedy \
Your priests do, but do you?
The Roman Catholic religion has no
divine mission to make traitors: the
priests do that; and they do it for
purposes which are the reverse of di-
vine.
Be warned in time. If you really
want peaca, the price is easy: obey oui
Inirs. and '/"it persecuting Protestant*.
HEAVEN AND HELL
Sweuenborg s great woric on me me auer
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Statement of the Ownership, Management, Etc.
For April, 191T
of Watson's Magazine, published Monthly at Thomson, Ga., required by the Act of
August 24, 1912.
NAME OF — POST-OFFICE ADDRESS.
Editor, Thos. E. Watson Thomson, Ga.
Managing Editor, Alice Louise Lytle, Thomson, Ga.
Business Manager, Thos. E. Watson, Thomson, Ga.
Publisher, The Jeffersonian Publishing Co Thomson, Ga.
Owners: (If a corporation, give names and addressee of stock holders holding
1 per cent or more of total amount of stock.)
Thos. E. Watson Thomson, Ga.
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or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities;
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Sworn to and subscribed before me, this 10th day of April, 1917.
C. F. HUNT,
[SEAL.] Notary Public.
(My commission expires August 5, 1921.)
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New Edition
Watson's Handbook
Historical
Economic
Political
T
HIS VOLUME contains an Outline of American
History, financial and economic Legislation. The
J platforms of Political Parties, from the first to the last.
The momentous Political issues which have divided the
people, Statistics of population, churches, wealth produc-
tion, wealth concentration, &c.
Mr. Watson has entirely re-made the book, more than
doubling the original matter, throwing out the obsolete,
rendering it indispensable to a knowledge of past and
present conditions.
Jeffersonian Publishing Company
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F»rice, $1.00, Postpaid
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City Physicians Explain Why They Prescribe Nuxated Iron to
Make Beautiful, Healthy Women and Strong, Vigorous Men
NOW BEING USED BY OVER THREE MILLION PEOPLE ANNUALLY
Quickly transforms the llabby flet>h. toneless tissues, and pallid cheeks ol weak, anac mic men and
women into a perfect glow of healtn and beauty Often inert asea the strength of
delicate, nervous, run-down folks 100 p<r ceat. in two weeks' time.
IT is conservatively estimated that over three
million people annually in this country alone
are taking Nuxated Iron. Such astonishing
restllts have been reported from its use both by
doctors and Laymen, that a number of physicians
in various parts of the country have been asked
ti> c\i. lain why they prescribe it bo extensively,
and why it apparently produces so much better
results than were obtained from the old forms
01 Inorganic iron.
Extracts from some of the letters received are
given below:
1 >r. Ferdinand King-,
a New Yorv Physician
and Author. Bays:
"There can be no vi-
gorous Iron nun with-
out iron."
Pallor means anae-
mia.
Anaemia means iron
deficiency. The skin of
anaemic men and wo-
men is pale. The flesh
flabby. The muscles
lack tone, the brain
fags anil the memory
fails and they often
become weak, nervous,
irritable, despondent
and melancholy. When
the iron goes from the
blood of women, the roses go from rhelr cheeks.
In the most common foods of America, the
starches, sugars, table syrups, candies, polished
rice, white bread, soda crackers, biscuits, maca-
roni, spaghetti, tapioca, sago, farina, deger-
minated cornmeal, no longer is Iron to be found.
Refining processes have removed the iron of
Mother Earth from these impoverished foods,
and silly methods of home cookery, by throwing
own the waste-pipe the water in which our
vegetables are cooked is responsible for another
grave iron loss.
Therefore, if you wish to preserve your youth-
1 vim and vigor to a ripe old age, you must
supply the iron deficiency in your food by using
some form of organic iron, just as you would
use salt when your food has not enough salt.
Dr. Sauer, a Boston
physician who has
studied both in this
country and in great
European Medical In-
stitutions, says: "As I
have said a hundred
times over, organic
iron is the greatest of
all strength builders
If people would only
take Nuxated Iron
when they feel weak
or rundown, instead of
.1 ii s i n g themselves
with habit-forming
drugs, stimulants and
alcoholic beverages I
am convinced that in
this way they could
ward off disease, pre-
venting it becoming
organic in thousands
of cases and thereby
the lives of thousands
might be saved who now dioi every year from
pneumoonia. grippe, kidney, liver, heart trouble
and other dangerous maladies. The real and
true cause which started their diseases was
nothing more nor less than a weakened con-
dition brought on by lack of iron in the blood."
"Not long ago a man came to me who was
nearly half a century old and asked me to give
im a preliminary examination for life insur-
ance. I was astonished to find him with a
blood pressure of a boy of twenty and as full of
visor, vim and vitality as a young man; in fact,
i young man he really was notwithstanding his
na-e. The secret, he said, was taking iron — nux-
ated iron had filled him with renewed life. At
was in bad health; at 46 he was care-
worn and nearly all In- now at BO, after taking
nuxated iron a miracle Of vitality and
his face beaming with the buoyancy of youth.
iron is absoluteely necessary to enable your
blood to change food Into living tissue. With-
out it, no matter how much or What you eat,
your food merely passes through you without
doing you any good. Vou don't get the strength
out of it. and as a consequence you become
weak, pale and sick ly- look i ng, just like a plant
trying to grow in a soil deficient In iron
if you are not Btrong or well you owe it to
yourself to make the following test: See how
long you can work or how far you can walk
without becoming tired. Next take two five-
grain tablets of ordinary nuxated iron three
Limes per day after meals for two weeks. Then
test your strength again and Bee how much you
have gained. I have seen dozens of nervous,
run-down people who were ailing all
the while double their strength and endurance
and entirely rid themselves of all symptoms of
dyspepsia, liver and other troubles In from ten
to fourteen days' time .simply by taking iron in
the proper form. And this, after they had in
some cases been doctoring tor months without
obtaining any benefit. But don't take the old
forms of reduced iron, iron acetate, or tincture
of iron simply to save a few cuts. The iron
demanded by Mother Nature for the red color-
ing mater in the blood of her children is. alas!
not that kind of iron. You must take iron In a
form that can be easily absorbed and assimilated
to do you any good, otherwise it may prove
worse than useless. Many an athlete and prize-
fighter has won the day simply because he knew
the secret of great strength and endurance and
filled his blood with iron before he went into
the affray, while many another has gone down
in inglorious defeat simply for the lack of iron."
Dr. Schuyler C. Jaques,
"Visiting Surgeon St.
Elizabeth's Hospital.
New York City,
said: "I have never
before given out any
medical information or
advice for publication,
as I ordinarily do not
believe in it. But in
the case of Nuxated
Iron I feel I would be
remiss in my duty not
to mention it. I have
taken it myself and
given it to my patients
with most surprising
and satisfactory re-
sults. And those who
wish quickly to in-
crease their strength, power and endurance will
gnd it a most remarkable and wonderfully ef-
fective remedy."
NOTE — Nuxated iron which is prescribed and
recommended above by physicians in such a
great variety of cases, is not a patent medicine
nor secret remedy, but one which is well known
to druggists and whose iron constituents are
widely prescribed by eminent physicians both
in Europe and America. Unlike the older
inorganic iron products it is easily as-
similated, does not injure the teeth, make
them black, nor upset the stomach; on
the contrary it is a most potent remedy
in nearly all forms of indigestion, as
well as for nervous run-down conditions. The
manufacturers have such great confidence in
Nuxated Iron that they offer to forfeit $100.00
to any charitable institution if they cannot take
any man or woman under 60 who lacks iron
and increase their strength 200 per cent, or over
•i four weeks' time provided they have no
serious organic trouble. They also offer to re-
fund your money if it does not at least double
vour strength and endurance in ten days' time.
It is dispensed by all good druggists.
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